From 93ddc32b76fa7b84b22c3605e968e40090c947b1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robert Forkel Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2023 09:30:03 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] closes #1, closes #2, closes #3 --- cldf/README.md | 9 +- cldf/StructureDataset-metadata.json | 20 +- cldf/languages.csv | 7470 +-- cldf/requirements.txt | 2 +- cldf/sources.bib | 16145 +++--- cldf/values.csv | 76911 +++++++++++++------------- cldfbench_elcat.py | 42 +- map.png | Bin 469094 -> 470182 bytes setup.py | 1 + util.py | 15 +- 10 files changed, 50836 insertions(+), 49779 deletions(-) diff --git a/cldf/README.md b/cldf/README.md index 44fc709..09cd613 100644 --- a/cldf/README.md +++ b/cldf/README.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ property | value [dc:identifier](http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier) | https://endangeredlanguages.com [dc:license](http://purl.org/dc/terms/license) | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ [dcat:accessURL](http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#accessURL) | https://github.com/cldf-datasets/elcat -[prov:wasDerivedFrom](http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom) |
  1. cldf-datasets/elcat v2023
  2. Glottolog v4.7
+[prov:wasDerivedFrom](http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom) |
  1. cldf-datasets/elcat v2023-1-gfceed2a
  2. Glottolog v4.7
[prov:wasGeneratedBy](http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy) |
  1. python: 3.10.6
  2. python-packages: requirements.txt
[rdf:ID](http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#ID) | elcat [rdf:type](http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type) | http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Distribution @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ property | value property | value --- | --- [dc:conformsTo](http://purl.org/dc/terms/conformsTo) | [CLDF ValueTable](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#ValueTable) -[dc:extent](http://purl.org/dc/terms/extent) | 64628 +[dc:extent](http://purl.org/dc/terms/extent) | 64826 ### Columns @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Name/Property | Datatype | Description property | value --- | --- [dc:conformsTo](http://purl.org/dc/terms/conformsTo) | [CLDF LanguageTable](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#LanguageTable) -[dc:extent](http://purl.org/dc/terms/extent) | 3451 +[dc:extent](http://purl.org/dc/terms/extent) | 3464 ### Columns @@ -59,6 +59,9 @@ Name/Property | Datatype | Description [Longitude](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#longitude) | `decimal` | [Glottocode](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#glottocode) | `string` | [ISO639P3code](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#iso639P3code) | `string` | +[Comment](http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#comment) | `string` | +`Countries` | list of `string` (separated by ` `) | Countries a language is spoken in given by ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code +`ELCatMacroareas` | list of `string` (separated by `; `) | `classification` | `string` | Top-level genealogical unit the language belongs to. `endangerment` | `string` | ElCat's aggregated endangerment assessment. `code_authorities` | list of `string` (separated by `; `) | Other language catalogs which have assigned codes to the language. diff --git a/cldf/StructureDataset-metadata.json b/cldf/StructureDataset-metadata.json index 9db80f9..cbfe49d 100644 --- a/cldf/StructureDataset-metadata.json +++ b/cldf/StructureDataset-metadata.json @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ { "rdf:about": "https://github.com/cldf-datasets/elcat", "rdf:type": "prov:Entity", - "dc:created": "v2023", + "dc:created": "v2023-1-gfceed2a", "dc:title": "Repository" }, { @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ "tables": [ { "dc:conformsTo": "http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#ValueTable", - "dc:extent": 64628, + "dc:extent": 64826, "tableSchema": { "columns": [ { @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ }, { "dc:conformsTo": "http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#LanguageTable", - "dc:extent": 3451, + "dc:extent": 3464, "tableSchema": { "columns": [ { @@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ }, "propertyUrl": "http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#id", "required": true, + "valueUrl": "https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/{ID}", "name": "ID" }, { @@ -213,6 +214,19 @@ "required": false, "name": "ISO639P3code" }, + { + "propertyUrl": "http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#comment", + "name": "Comment" + }, + { + "dc:description": "Countries a language is spoken in given by ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code", + "separator": " ", + "name": "Countries" + }, + { + "separator": "; ", + "name": "ELCatMacroareas" + }, { "dc:description": "Top-level genealogical unit the language belongs to.", "name": "classification" diff --git a/cldf/languages.csv b/cldf/languages.csv index 7558520..5316d73 100644 --- a/cldf/languages.csv +++ b/cldf/languages.csv @@ -1,3452 +1,4018 @@ -ID,Name,Macroarea,Latitude,Longitude,Glottocode,ISO639P3code,classification,endangerment,code_authorities,codes,alt_names -10009,Wampanoag,,41.702591,-73.319119,wamp1249,wam,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,wam,Wôpanâak; Massachusett-Narragansett; Massachusett; Massachusetts; Natick; Wamponoag -1001,Xipaya,,-4.3902,-53.9648,xipa1240,xiy,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,xiy,Shipaja; Xipaia; Shipaya; Chipaia; Xipáya; Šipaya; Chipaya; Achipaie -1002,Yuchi,,36.0009,-96.0988,yuch1247,yuc,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yuc,Euchee -10029,Suabo,,-2.1,132.197,suab1238,szp,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,szp,Suabau; Inanwatan; Mirabo; Iagu; Solowat; Itigo; Bira -1003,Wichita,,35.0647,-98.2788,wich1260,wic,Caddoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wic,Witchita -1004,Achumawi,,41.5,-121.0,achu1247,acv,Palaihnihan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,acv,Achumawi; Achomawi; Pitt River; Achoma'wi; Achowawi -10069,Aftari,,35.36,53.7,afta1234,,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,5qc, -10070,West Tarangan,,-6.573,134.147,west2538,txn,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,txn,West Trangan; Tarangan Barat; Tarangan (West); Aru; Aroesch -10071,Meymai,,35.34,53.24,meym1234,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,98s,Meyma'i -10072,Zefra'i,,32.805918,52.116672,zefr1234,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,7ri, -10073,Kuhpayi,,32.7,52.45,kuhp1234,,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,3oz,Kuhpāʾi -10074,Jarqu'i,,32.261704,52.198023,jarq1234,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,1xw, -10089,Kadu,,24.2042,95.6332,kadu1254,zkd,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zkd,Gadu; Gamaan; Kado; Kantu; Kadu-Ganaan; Kato; Kudo; Maw; Mawteik; Puteik; Asak; Sak; Thet; Kadu; Andro; Sengmai; Chakpa; Phayeng; Katu; Gado; Woni; That; ကဒူး -101,Kulaale,,10.176552,18.56671,fani1244,fni,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,fni; fani1244,Fagnia; Fanya; Fanyan; Fana; Fania; Fanian; Mana; Kobe; Fulfulde (Nigerian); Eywe -10109,Homshetsi,,41.468,41.558,hams1239,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1ev,Hamshen; Hamschen; Homshetsma; Hemşince -10129,Cambodian Sign Language,,11.558,104.917,camb1244,,Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,4rr,CSL; CBDSL; Khmer Sign Language; KSL -10149,Kanan,,24.2042,95.6332,gana1267,zkn,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zkn,Gadu; Gamaan; Kado; Kantu; Kadu-Ganaan; Kato; Kudo; Maw; Mawteik; Puteik; Asak; Sak; Thet; Gado; Andro; Sengmai; That; Woni; Kadu-Ganaan; ကနန်း -10169,Lagwan,,11.664593,15.073328,lagw1237,kot,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kot,Logone; Lagwan Kotoko; Kotoko-Logone; Logone-Birni Kotoko; Lagwane; Lagouane -10189,Naha'ai,,-16.557359,167.505623,malf1237,mlx,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlx,Malfaxal; Malvaxal-Toman Island; Taman; Tomman -10209,Avava,,-16.233418,167.470106,katb1237,tmb,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tmb,Katbol; Navava; Bangsa’; Tembimbe-Katbol; Taremp; Tisvel; Mallicolo -1021,Tala,,10.221004,9.906132,tala1295,tak,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tak, -10229,"Baka (Far North Region, Cameroon)",,10.881522,14.193724,baka1279,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,5h1, -10249,Bumang,,22.661,103.085,buma1247,bvp,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvp,Manzhang Dai; 曼仗傣; Bumang; 布芒語 -10269,Lavukaleve,,-9.079,159.22,lavu1241,lvk,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,lvk,Laumbe; Laube; Russell Island; Lakukaleve -10289,Torres Strait Creole,,-10.544521,142.253666,torr1261,tcs,Pidgin or Creole,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tcs,Torres Strait Pidgin; Lockhart Creole; Torres Strait Broken; West Torres; Cape York Creole; Yumplatok; Ap-Ne-Ap; Blaik; Creole -10309,Ratsua,,-5.5245,154.8006,rats1237,,Austronesian,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,hah-rat, -10310,Hahon,,-5.342585,154.559549,haho1237,hah,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hah,Hanon -10329,Sirva,,-4.98,145.22,sile1255,sbq,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sbq,Sileibi -10330,Aisi,,-5.405093,145.175755,musa1266,mmq,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmq,Musak; Green Miao; Blue Miao; Red Miao; White Miao -10349,Äiwoo,,-9.43895,-171.205463,ayiw1239,nfl,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nfl,Reef; Ayiwo; Naaude; Aiwo; Gnivo; Nivo; Nifilole; Lomlom; Reef Islands; Reefs; Äiwo; Aïwo; Reef Islands-Santa Cruz Sub-Family -10369,Vaeakau-Taumako,,-10.18746,166.300435,pile1238,piv,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,piv,Pileni; Pilheni; Taumako -10374,Southern Nicobarese,,7.3134,93.6968,sout2689,nik,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nik,Nicobarese; Southern; Condul; Great Nicobar; Little Nicobar; Milo; Lo'ong; Ong; Lamongse; Lamongshe; Takahanyilang -10377,Amami,,28.31,129.982,,,Japonic,severely endangered,,kzg; xug; ryn; okn; ams; tkn; yox,Kikai; Kunigami; Northern Amami-Oshima; Oki-no-Erabu; Southern Amami-Oshima; Toku-no-Shima; Yoron; Ryukyuan; Oshima; Osima; Oosima; Northern Ryukyuan; Amami-Osima; Okinoerabu; Okierabu; Tokunosima; 奄美語; 奄美方言; 国頭語; 国頭方言; Shimayumuta; 島口; シマユムタ -10378,Hachijo,,33.063,139.472,hach1239,,Japonic,endangered,,,八丈語; 八丈方言; 青ヶ島方言; Aogashima -1041,Yurok,,41.0607,-124.1413,yuro1248,yur,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,yur,Chillula; Mita; Pekwan; Rikwa; Sugon; Weitspek; Weitspekan -10413,Bende,,-6.381068,31.068306,bend1258,bdp,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bdp,Sibhende; Kibende; Si'bende -10414,Hill Miri,,26.9612,94.0539,hill1258,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,,,Miri; Sarak -10415,Jejara,,26.21,95.16,para1302,pzn,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pzn,Para; Para Naga; Naga; Para; Bara Naga; Parasar -10417,Louisiana Creole,,30.652,-91.422,loui1240,lou,Pidgin or Creole,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lou,Louisiana Creole French; Kreyòl; Franse; Kourí-viní -10421,Gyalsumdo,,22.59,84.22,gyal1236,gyo,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyo, -10423,Crimean Tatar,,45.393467,34.268737,crim1257,crh,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crh,Crimean; qırımtatar tili; крымскотатарский; Tatar de Crimée; Tártaro Crimeano; qırım tili; къырым тили; къырымтатар тили -10424,Ngatikese,,5.789276,157.159653,sapw1237,,Austronesian,vulnerable,,, -10425,West Frisian,,53.219359,5.78621,west2354,fry,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,fry,Frysk; Fries; Frisian; West(er)lauwers Fries; West(er)lauwersk Frysk -10427,Nukini,,-7.34,-73.5,nuku1263,nuc,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nuc,Nuquini; Nucuini; Inukuini -10429,Welsh,,53.14,-4.27,wels1247,cym,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cym,Cymraeg; y Gymraeg; Kymrisch; Gallois; Galés -1043,A'ingae,,0.054639,-77.409417,cofa1242,con,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,con,Kofane; Cofán; Kofán; A'i; A'ingaé; Colin; Kofan; A'ingae -10430,Bon Gula,,10.6577,19.5774,bong1282,glc,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,glc,Bon; Bon Goula; Bun; Êeni; Gula Guera; Poun; Taataal -10431,Herero,,-21.02,20.57,here1253,her,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,her,Ochiherero; Otjiherero -10434,Zaar,,9.5,9.5,saya1246,say,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,say,Za:r; vik-Zaar; Vikzar; Vigzar; Saya; Sayanci; Sayawa; Seya; Seyawa; Seiyawa; Seiyara; Sayara -10437,Wapan,,8.0,9.0,wapa1235,juk,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,juk,Jinkum; Jukon; Juku; Juku Junkun; Jukum; Jukun Wapan; Jukun Wukari; Wakari; Wukari; Wukari Jukun -10439,Ngizim,,11.710652,11.082443,ngiz1242,ngi,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ngi,Ngezzim; Ngizmawa; Ngizimanci; Ngo:djin; Ngojin -10441,Kuteb,,7.0,10.0,kute1248,kub,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,kub,Ati; Kutep; Kutev; Mbarike; Zumper -10442,Ndoola,,7.29,11.31,ndoo1241,ndr,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ndr,Ndola; Ndoro; Ndooro; Njoyame; Nundoro -10444,Buu (Nigeria),,9.57,10.28,zara1252,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,gji-zar,Zaranda; Zarandaa -10445,Pa'a,,11.066538,9.567203,paaa1242,pqa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,pqa,Paa; Pa'anci; Fucaka; Fuuceka; Afa; Afawa; Afanci; Pala; Pa'awa; Fa'awa; Foni -10450,Dyarim,,10.033333,9.066667,dyar1234,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,,,Dyarum; Dyàrìm Tə́; Dyarim Tə; Ndyarim Tə; Kaiwari; Kayaurinci -10451,Sasak,,-8.583333,116.116667,sasa1249,sas,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,sas, -10452,Chaari,,10.05,9.283333,dans1239,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Chari; Caari; Cààrí; Danshe; Danche -10453,Tule,,,,nucl1693,,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,,,Tulai -10454,Yakut,,62.3496,130.8691,yaku1245,sah,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sah,Sakha; якутский язык; Saxa tıla; Саха тыла; Yakutça; Yakut Türkçesi; Saha Türkçesi; Yakoute; Yakuto; 雅库特语; 야쿠트어; サハ語 -10455,Salar,,36.2752,102.4584,sala1264,slr,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,slr,撒拉語; саларский -10457,Iraya,,13.3,120.9,iray1237,iry,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,iry, -10458,Isinay,,16.3,121.1,isin1239,inn,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,inn,Isinai; Inmeas; Malaates -10461,Limousin,,46.0579,1.8017,limo1246,,Indo-European,at risk,LINGUIST List,oci-lim,Limousin Occitan; Lemosin; Occitan Limousin -10462,Lushi,,10.059639,9.07063,lush1256,,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,,,Lukshi; Dokshi -10463,Langas,,10.17,9.83,lang1332,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Laŋas; Nyamzak; Nyamzax; Nyámzax; Lundur -10464,Zul,,10.2,9.566667,zull1239,,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,,,Zùl; Bi Zule; Mbarmi; Barma; Zulawa; Zull -10465,Dir,,10.208333,9.708333,dirr1240,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Diir; Dììr; Diri; Dra; Baram Dutse -10466,Buli,,10.233333,9.783333,buli1260,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Bili; Bɨlɨ; Bələ -10467,Tunayana,,2.356611,-56.79421,tuna1234,,Cariban,critically endangered,,,Katuena -10470,Ordos,,39.612,109.781,ordo1245,,Mongolic,vulnerable,,,Urdus -10471,Minhe Monguor,,36.4919,102.6452,minh1238,,Mongolic,vulnerable,,,Minhe Mangghuer; Mangghuer; Monguor de Minhe; минхэ-монгорский; 民和土家語 -10472,Kili,,48.8068,134.121,kuro1242,,Tungusic,endangered,,,Kur-Urmi Nanay; Kur-Urmi Nanai; кили -10473,Kilen,,47.4689,133.8574,kile1243,,Tungusic,severely endangered,,,Sungari Nanay; килен; 赫哲語奇楞方言; Sungari Nanai; Akani -10474,Kamas,,57.9964,92.8784,kama1351,xas,Uralic,dormant,ISO 639-3,xas,Kamassian; камасинский язык; калмажи шəкə; ʒaǯ̕ kall; kamassin kieli; Kamasse -10475,Kumandin,,52.884889,86.323299,kuma1284,,Turkic,endangered,,,Qumanda; Northern Altai; Куванды; куванта; кувандык; кувандыг; кувандых; къуманды; къубанды; къуўанды; къувандыг; кумандинский язык; северно-алтайский язык; Qumandy -10479,Tuha,,50.95334449,101.64276123,tuha1234,,Turkic,critically endangered,,,Uyghur Uryangkha; Uighur Uryangkhai; Khövsgöl Uryangkhay; Khövsgöl Uryangkhai; уйгуро-урянхайский; Soyot Uryangkhai; Soyed -10480,Soyot,,52.0406,101.0659,soyo1234,,Turkic,awakening,,,Soyote; Tuva; сойотский язык; сойоты -10481,Lopnor Uighur,,40.983,84.224,lopn1238,,Turkic,critically endangered,,,Lopluk; 維吾爾語羅布話 -10482,Khamnigan Ewenki,,49.296,119.797,manc1253,,Tungusic,threatened,,,Khamnigan Evenki; Khamnigan Tungus; Horse Tungus; Tungus Evenki; 通古斯鄂溫克 -10484,Judeo-Iraqi Arabic,,31.5339,41.2595,jude1266,yhd,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,yhd,Judeo-Baghdadi -10485,Zari,,9.71,9.4,zari1242,zaz,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,zaz,Zariwa; Kopti; Kwapm -10488,Boto,,9.733333,9.233333,boto1248,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,zaz-bot,Boot; Bibot -10489,Zakshi,,9.733333,9.233333,zaks1239,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,zaz-zak,Zaksi; Zaksə -10493,Dass,,9.9325,9.51838,dass1243,dot,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dot,Barawa; Bandas; Boodli; Lukshi; Dekshi; Wangday; Zumbul; Durr-Baraza; Wandi; Dot; Dwat; Zodi -10495,Guus,,,,sigi1234,,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,say-sig,Sigidi; Sugudi; Sigdi; Segiddi -10499,Judeo-Isfahani,,32.6333,51.65,jude1276,,,,,,Jidi -10500,Judeo-Kashani,,33.9889,51.4772,kash1276,,,,,, -10501,Judeo-Yazdi,,31.8972,54.3678,yazd1240,,,,,, -10502,Judeo-Hamadani,,34.8,48.5167,jude1271,,Indo-European,endangered,,, -10503,Judeo-Shirazi,,29.6167,52.5333,shir1258,,,,,,Jidi -10509,Ulwa,,-4.483,144.015,yaul1241,yla,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yla,Yaul -10517,Langam,,-4.3,143.88,lang1328,lnm,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,endangered,ISO 639-3,lnm, -10518,Mongol-Kaimba,,-4.26,143.92,mong1344,mgt,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgt,Mongol -10519,Momare,,-6.34,147.79,moma1243,msz,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,msz,Momale; Momole; Mumare -10520,Rema,,-8.42,141.03,rema1238,bow,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bow,Bothar -10521,Tumleo,,-3.12,142.4,tuml1238,tmq,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmq, -10522,Kap,,-3.13,142.47,kapp1237,ykm,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ykm,Ali; Yakamul -10523,Ulau-Suain,,-3.35,142.9,ulau1237,svb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,svb,Suain -10524,Kairiru,,-3.33,143.55,kair1263,kxa,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxa, -10525,Wogeo,,-3.22,144.1,woge1237,woc,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,woc,Wokeo; Uageo -10526,Manam,,-4.07,145.03,mana1295,mva,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mva,Manum -10527,Central Baja Mixtec,,17.77,-98.08,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mks; mxa,Silacayoapan Mixtec; Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Yucuná; Mixteco del noroeste; Mixteco del Noroeste de Oaxaca -10528,Coast Mixtec,,16.41,-97.84,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,,mbz; mih; mio; mjc; mtu; mxt; mza; vmj,Amoltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Amoltepec; Western Sola de Vega Mixtec; Chayuco Mixtec; Eastern Jamiltepec-Chayuco Mixtec; Mixteco de Chayucu; Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec; Coastal Mixtec; Jicaltepec Mixtec; Lowland Jicaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Pinotepa Nacional; Western Jamiltepec Mixtec; San Juan Colorado Mixtec; Mixteco de Oaxaca de la costa noroeste; Mixteco de San Juan Colorado; Tututepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Tututepec; Mixteco de Villa de Tututepec; Jamiltepec Mixtec; Eastern Jamiltepec-San Cristobal Mixtec; Mixteco de Jamiltepec; Mixteco de Oaxaca de costa central baja; Mixteco de Santa María Huazolotitlán; Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Zacatepec; Southern Putla Mixtec; Tacuate; Tu’un Va’a; Zacatepec Mixtec; Ixtayutla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Ixtayutla; Northeastern Jamiltepec Mixtec -10529,Eastern Alta Mixtec,,17.15,-97.23,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mab; mil; mqh; mtx; mxs; mxy; vmm; vmx; xtd; xtp; xts,Yutanduchi Mixtec; Mixteco de Yutanduchi; Mixteco de Yutanduchi de Guerrero; Southern Nochixtlan Mixtec; Peñoles Mixtec; Eastern Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Peñoles; Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco bajo de Valles; Mixteco de Santiago Tlazoyaltepec; Tidaá Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Tidaá; Mixteco de Tidaá; North Central Nochixtlán Mixtec; Huitepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Huitepec; Mixteco de San Antonio Huitepec; Mixteco de Zaachila; Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Santo Domingo Nuxaá; Mixteco del Sureste de Nochixtlán; Mitlatongo Mixtec; Mixteco de Mitlatongo; Tamazola Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Tamazola; Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec; Central Nochistlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Diuxi-Tilantongo; Mixteco del este central; San Miguel Piedras Mixtec; Mixteco de San Miguel Piedras; Sindihui Mixtec -10530,Guerrero Mixtec,,17.39,-98.42,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mim; mxv; xta; xty,Alacatlatzala Mixtec; Central Misteko; Highland Guerrero Mixtec; Mixteco de Alacatlatzala; To’on Savi; Metlatónoc Mixtec; Alcozauca Mixtec; Mixteco de Alocozauca; Mixteco de Xochapa; Yoloxóchitl Mixtec; Mixteco de Yoloxóchitl -10531,Mixtepec Mixtec,,17.31,-97.89,mixt1425,mix,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mix,Eastern Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Oeste Central; Mixteco de San Juan Mixtepec -10532,Northeastern Alta Mixtec,,17.46,-97.06,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mip; vmq,Apasco-Apoala Mixtec; Apasco Mixtec; Apoala Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Apoala; Northern Nochixtlán Mixtec; Soyaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Bartolo Soyaltepec; Mixteco del noreste bajo -10533,Northern Alta Mixtec,,17.98,-96.8,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,miz; xtu,Coatzospan Mixtec; Mixteco de Coatzóspan; Mixteco de San Juan Coatzospan; Teotitlán Mixtec; Cuyamecalco Mixtec; Cuicatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Cañada central; Mixteco de Cuyamecalco -10534,Northern Baja Mixtec,,18.17,-97.83,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mii; mit; xtb,Chigmecatitlán Mixtec; Central Puebla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Chigmecatitlán; Southern Puebla Mixtec; Acatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de la Frontera Puebla-Oaxaca; Mixteco del Sur de Puebla; Xayacatlán de Bravo; Chazumba Mixtec; Mixteco de Chazumba; Mixteco de la frontera Puebla-Oaxaca; Northern Oaxaca Mixtec -10535,Southern Baja Mixtec,,17.31,-98.13,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jmx; miy; vmc,Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Coicoyán Mixtec; Mixteco del Oeste de Juxtlahuaca; Ayutla Mixtec; Coastal Guerrero Mixtec; Mixteco de Ayutla; Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Central Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Juxtlahuaca -10536,Tezoatlan Mixtec,,17.64,-97.81,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,miu; mxb,Cacaloxtepec Mixtec; Huajuapan Mixtec; Mixteco de Cacaloxtepec; Tezoatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Tezoatlán de Segura y Luna -10537,Western Alta Mixtec,,17.12,-97.55,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mce; mdv; meh; mib; mie; mig; mpm; mvg; xti; xtj; xtl; xtm; xtn; xtt,Itundujia Mixtec; Eastern Putla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Cruz Itundujia; Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Lucía Monteverde; Mixteco de Yosonotú; Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Nuyoo; Mixteco del suroeste de Tlaxiaco; Nuyoo Mixtec; Southeastern Ocotepec Mixtec; Atatláhuca Mixtec; Mixteco de San Esteban Atatláhuca; San Esteban Atatláhuca Mixteco; South Central Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Ocotepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Santo Tomás Ocotepec; Mixteco de Sierra Sur Noroeste; Ocotepec Mixtec; Santo Tomás Ocotepec Mixtec; San Miguel el Grande Mixtec; Chalcatongo Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Molinos; Mixteco del Sur Bajo; Yosondúa Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Yosondúa; Southern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Yucuañe Mixtec; Mixteco de San Bartolomé Yucuañe; Mixteco del sureste central; Sinicahua Mixtec; Mixteco de San Antonio Sinicahua; San Juan Teita Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Teita; Teita Mixtec; Tijaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pablo Tijaltepec; Mixteco de Santa María Yosoyúa; Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec; Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Ñumí; Mixteco del norte de Tlaxiaco; Ñumí Mixtec; Tacahua Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Cruz Tacahua; Mixteco del sur medio -10538,Western Baja Mixtec,,17.63,-98.22,,,,,,,Mixteco del Oeste Alto -10539,One,,-3.3,141.9,,,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,aun; oin; okk; onk; onr; osu,Aunalei; Onele; Oni; Molmo One; Inebu One; Kwamtim One; Kuamtim; Kabore One; Northern One; Southern One -10540,Olo,,-3.4,142.1,oloo1241,ong,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ong,Orlei; Wape; Wapi -10541,Elkei,,-3.5,142.1,elke1240,elk,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,elk,Olkoi -10542,Yis,,-3.5,141.9,yiss1240,yis,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,yis, -10544,Au,,-3.6,142.1,auuu1241,avt,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,avt, -10545,Yil,,-3.5,142.2,yill1241,yll,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,yll, -10546,Ningil,,-3.54,142.27,ning1273,niz,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,niz,Gul; Ral -10547,Alu,,-3.39,142.25,diaa1238,dia,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,dia,Dia; Galu; Metru; Sinagen -10548,Galu,,-3.42,142.37,sina1269,siu,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,siu,Metru; Sinagen -10549,Gnau,,-3.59,142.2,gnau1240,gnu,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,gnu, -10550,Walman,,-3.25,142.5,valm1241,van,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,van,Valman; Koroko -10551,Aruop,,-3.46,142.48,aruo1240,lsr,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,lsr,Alatil; Lau'u; Lauisaranga; Lausurankin; Lawu Srenge; Srenge -10552,Aiku,,-3.51,142.46,yang1296,ymo,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymo,Yangum Mon; Malek; Menandon; Minendon; Monanda; Monandu; Umgrak-Aiku -10553,Kayik,,-3.6,142.5,wana1268,wnp,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,wnp,Wanap; Menandon; Minendon -10554,Agi,,-3.49,142.39,agii1245,aif,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aif,Metru -10555,Bragat,,-3.49,142.5,brag1240,aof,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aof,Alang; Alauagat; Braget; Yauan -10556,Urat,,-3.6,142.79,urat1244,urt,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,urt,Urakin; Wasepnau -10557,Yahang,,-3.73,142.4,yaha1247,rhp,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,rhp,Rurihi'ip; Ruruhip; Ruruhi’ip; Ya’unk -10558,Heyo,,-3.83,142.47,heyo1240,auk,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,auk,Arima; Arinua; Arinwa; Lolopani; Ruruhip; Wanwan; Wan Wan -10559,Siliput,,-3.61,142.4,sili1247,mkc,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkc,Mai; Maimai; Seleput; Sokorok -10560,Laeko-Libuat,,-3.7,142.24,laek1243,lkl,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,lkl,Laeko; Laeko-Limbuat; Watalu; Waitalu -10561,Lou,,-3.45,142.62,torr1259,tei,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,tei,Anamagi; Torricelli -10563,Kombio,,-3.48,142.69,komb1272,xbi,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,xbi,Anamagi; Endangen -10564,Yambes,,-3.51,142.76,yamb1254,ymb,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymb, -10565,Wom,,-3.53,142.87,womp1235,wmo,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,wmo,Wam -10566,Aruek,,-3.38,142.72,arue1240,aur,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aur,Djang; Jang -10567,Mufian,,-3.58,142.96,mufi1238,aoj,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aoj,Mufwian; Muhian; Muhiang; Southern Arapesh -10568,Urim,,-3.6,142.79,urim1252,,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,urim,Kalp; Kurom; Tayon; Wan -10569,Abu',,-3.461612,142.917031,abua1245,aah,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,aah,Abu’ Arapesh; Ua -10570,Buna,,-3.96,144.12,buna1277,bvn,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvn, -10571,Kamasau,,-3.85,143.84,kama1367,kms,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,kms,Komasau; Komassau; Sagi; Wand Tuan -10572,Elepi,,-3.75,143.93,elep1240,ele,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ele,Elapi; Samap; Sumup; Blabla -10574,Muniwara,,-3.79,143.68,juwa1238,mwb,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwb,Juwal; Mambe; Muniwara; Tumara; Tumaru -10575,Urimo,,-3.86,143.7,urim1251,urx,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,urx,Yaugiba -10576,Bungain,,-3.7,143.8,bung1270,but,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,but, -10577,Monumbo,,-4.27,144.95,nucl1458,mxk,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mxk,Mambuwan -10578,Lilau,,-4.35,144.99,lila1246,lll,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,lll,Ngaimbom -10579,Yetfa-Biksi,,-4.06,140.65,yetf1238,yet,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yet,Yetfa; Biaksi; Biksi; Inisine -10580,May River Iwam,,-4.27,141.82,iwam1256,iwm,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,iwm,Iwam; May River -10581,Sepik Iwam,,-4.31,142.12,sepi1255,iws,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,iws,Yawenian -10582,Amal,,-4.05,142.0,amal1242,aad,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,aad,Amel; Alai -10583,Wogamusin,,-4.23,142.4,woga1249,wog,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,wog,Wongamusin -10584,I'saka,,-2.8,141.3,kris1246,ksi,Sko,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ksi,Isaka; Krisa -10585,Rawo,,-2.84,141.6,rawo1244,rwa,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,rwa, -10586,Mulao,,26.519,106.984,gela1264,giu,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,giu,Ayo; 木佬語 -10587,Skou,,-2.64,140.9,nucl1634,skv,Sko,threatened,ISO 639-3,skv,Sekol; Sekou; Səkou; Sko; Skouw; Skow; Sukou; Te Mawo; Tumawo; Nuclear Skou; Te Máwo pílang nè ne -10588,Vanimo,,-2.69,141.26,vani1248,vam,Sko,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vam,Dumo; Duso; Manimo; Wanimo -10589,Wutung,,-2.65,141.1,wutu1244,wut,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,wut,Udung; Sangke -10590,Abau,,-3.97,141.32,abau1245,aau,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,aau,Green River; Djarok -10591,Pouye,,-3.73,141.86,pouy1238,bye,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,bye,Bouye; Buiye -10592,Awtuw,,-3.58,142.5,awtu1239,kmn,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,kmn,Autu; Kamnum -10593,Yessan-Mayo,,-4.16,142.57,yess1239,yss,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,yss,Maio-Yesan; Mayo-Yesan; Yasyin; Yesan; Mayo; Yamano -10594,Pasi,,-3.95,142.31,pasi1259,psq,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,psq,Besi; Warasai; Yau -10595,Pahi,,-3.8,142.3,pahi1246,lgt,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgt,Lugitama; Riahoma; Wansum -10597,Mehek,,-3.71,142.5,mehe1243,nux,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,nux,Driafleisuma; Indinogosima; Me’ek; Nuku -10598,Kalou,,-3.93985,142.217,kalo1262,ywa,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ywa,Yawa -10600,Namia,,-3.863,141.801,nami1256,nnm,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnm,Edawapi; Lujere; Namie; Nemia; Nemie; Watalu; Yellow River -10601,Awun,,-3.8,142.0,awun1245,aww,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,aww,Awon; Auwan -10602,Yerakai,,-4.29,142.95,yera1243,yra,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,yra,Yerekai; Garamambu -10603,Kwoma,,-4.09,142.66,kwom1262,kmo,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,kmo,Kuome; Washkuk -10604,Kwanga,,-3.74,142.71,kwan1278,kwj,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,kwj,Gawanga; Kawanga; Mende; Nihamber Sambu; Seim; Womsak -10605,Mende,,-3.75,142.75,mend1268,sim,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,sim,Seim; Nihamber; Sambu -10606,Ambulas,,-3.78,143.06,ambu1247,,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abt; wos,Abelam; Abulas; Ambelas; Hanga Hundi; Kwasengen; West Wosera -10607,Boiken,,-3.25,143.25,boik1241,bzf,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzf,Boikin; Nucum; Yangoru; Yengoru -10608,Iatmul,,-4.3,143.32,iatm1242,ian,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,ian,Big Sepik; No. 2 Sepik; Middle Sepik; Gepma Kwudi; Gepma Kwundi; Ngepma Kwundi; Nyaura -10609,Manambu,,-4.19,142.86,mana1298,mle,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,mle, -1061,Isthmus Zapotec,,16.416667,-95.0,isth1244,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,Glottolog,isth1244,Isthmus Zapotec; Zapotec (Isthmus); Zapoteco (Istmo); Zapotec; Isthmus; Zapoteco del Istmo -10610,Burui,,-4.04,143.01,buru1309,bry,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bry,Sawos -10611,Gaikundi,,-4.02,143.14,gaik1242,gbf,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbf,Gaikunti; Gaikwundi; Sawos -10612,Koiwat,,-4.03,143.62,koiw1243,kxt,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,kxt,Sawos -10613,Kwaruwi Kwundi,,-3.99,143.4,sosk1235,,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,sdk; keh,Sos Kundi; Agbane; Agbanekundi; Akbana; Soskundi; Keak; Kwaruwikwundi; Sepik Plains; Tshuosh; Tshwosh; Sawos -10614,Sengo,,-4.02,142.96,seng1284,spk,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,spk,Manambu -10615,Yelogu,,-4.1,142.81,yelo1243,ylg,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ylg,Yalaku; Buiamanambu; Kaunga; Buiamanambu; Bwiamanambu -10616,Alamblak,,-4.66,143.32,alam1246,amp,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,amp,Arambak -10617,Kapriman,,-4.51,143.24,kapr1245,dju,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dju,Sare; Mugumute; Wasare -10618,Watakataui,,-4.59,143.0,wata1251,wtk,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,wtk,Waxe; Waxei -10619,Bisis,,-4.46,143.06,bisi1244,bnw,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnw,Yambiyambi -1062,Itelmen,,57.1496,156.9012,itel1242,itl,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itl,ительменский язык; Itənmən; Kamchadal; Itelymem; итэнмэн; камчадальский язык; Итәнмән’ин крвэӆхатас -10620,Bahinemo,,-4.56,142.83,bahi1254,bjh,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bjh,Bahenemo; Gahom; Inaru; Wogu; Yigai -10621,Berinomo,,-4.42,142.46,beri1253,bit,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bit,Bitara; Apowasi; Perbi -10622,Saniyo-Hiyewe,,-4.44,142.37,sani1270,sny,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,sny,Sanio; Sanio-Hiowe -10623,Niksek,,-4.83,142.45,niks1238,gbe,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbe,Meiyari; Sumwari; Setiali; Paka; Gabiano -10624,Lizu,,28.330373,101.36055,lizu1234,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,里汝語; Lüzu; 吕蘇; 傈蘇 -10625,Duoxu,,28.549809,102.177082,duox1238,,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,,,多緒; 多須 -10626,Hewa,,-5.04,142.55,hewa1241,ham,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,ham,Sisimin; Umairof; Yoliapi -10628,Bisorio,,-4.78,143.21,biso1243,,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bir; bic,Bi; Gne; Sidi; Iniai; Inyai-Gadio-Bisorio; Bikaru; Bigalu; Bugalu; Pikaru -10629,Angoram,,-4.08,144.03,ango1255,,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,aog; myd,Kanda; Olem; Pondo; Sepik No. 1; Tjimundo; Maramba -10630,Karawari,,-4.49,143.59,tabr1243,tzx,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tzx,Tabriak -10631,Chambri,,-4.28,143.1,cham1313,can,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,can,Tchambuli; Tshamberi -10632,Biwat,,-4.39,143.87,biwa1243,bwm,Yuat,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwm,Munduguma; Mundugumor; Mundokuma; Mundukumo -10633,Miyak,,-4.67,143.85,kyen1243,kql,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,kql,Kyenele; Bulang; Keñele; Kenen Birang; Kenying; Keyele; Kyenying-Barang -10634,Mekmek,,-4.47,143.75,mekm1240,mvk,Yuat,threatened,ISO 639-3,mvk, -10635,Changriwa,,-4.28,143.7,chan1319,cga,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,cga, -10636,Bun,,-4.52,143.89,bunn1240,buv,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,buv, -10637,Ap Ma,,-4.35,144.09,apma1241,kbx,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbx,Ap Ma Botin; Botin; Kambot; Karaube; Keram -10638,Abu,,-4.24,144.47,abuu1241,ado,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,ado,Adjora; Adjoria; Azao -10639,Ambakich,,-4.2,144.25,amba1269,aew,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aew,Aion; Porapora -1064,Orejón,,-2.7674,-72.9492,orej1242,ore,Tucanoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ore,Maijuna; Mai Huna; Maihuna; Coto; Payguaje; Payaguá; Koto; Payagua; Orejone; Mai Ja; Oregon; Orechon; Tutapi; Orejó; Koihoma; Payoguaje; Maihiki -10640,Banaro,,-4.57,144.33,bana1292,byz,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,byz,Banar; Banara; Waran -10641,Meakambut,,-4.96,143.64,anda1283,afd,Arafundi,endangered,ISO 639-3,afd,Andai; Arafundi; Pundungum; Wangkai; Imboin -10642,Alfendio,,-4.75,143.64,,,Arafundi,endangered,ISO 639-3,afk; afp,Arafundi; Nanubae; Aunda; Kapagmai; Tapei; Imboin; Lower Arafundi; Upper Arafundi -10643,Anor,,-4.98,144.8,anor1241,anj,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,anj, -10644,Aiome,,-5.13,144.76,aiom1240,aki,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aki,Ayom -10645,Watam,,-4.03,144.58,wata1253,wax,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,wax,Marangis -10646,Kaian,,-4.07,144.76,kaia1245,kct,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kct,Kayan -10647,Borei,,-4.09,144.72,bore1247,gai,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,gai,Borei; Gamai; Gamay; Gamei; Mbore; Mborei -10648,Awar,,-4.14,144.84,awar1249,aya,Lower Sepik-Ramu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aya, -10649,Bosmun,,-4.16,144.65,bosn1248,bqs,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqs,Bosman; Bosngun -1065,Paresí,,-14.3525,-58.0174,pare1272,pab,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pab,Parecís; Paressí; Ariti; Pareche; Paresi; Parecis; Haliti; Paretí; Arawak -10650,Aruamu,,-4.29,144.84,arua1260,msy,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,msy,Ariawia; Ariawiai; Gumasi; Makarub; Makarup; Mikarew; Mikarew-Ariaw; Mikarup -10651,Sepen,,-4.23,144.81,sepe1240,spm,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,spm,Akukem -10652,Kire,,-4.26,144.71,kire1240,geb,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,geb,Gire; Giri; Kire-Puire -10653,Tangu,,-4.46,144.92,tang1355,tgu,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tgu,Tanggu; Tanggum -10654,Kanggape,,-4.42,144.82,kang1291,igm,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,igm,Igom -10655,Tanguat,,-4.57,144.93,tang1356,tbs,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,tbs, -10656,Andarum,,-4.49,144.77,anda1284,aod,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aod, -10657,Inapang,,-4.68,144.9,inap1241,mzu,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzu,Itutang; Midsivindi -10658,Breri,,-4.73,144.71,brer1240,brq,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,brq,Kuanga -10659,Romkun,,-4.59,144.69,romk1240,rmk,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,rmk,Romkuin -1066,Kubeo,,1.5,-70.5,cube1242,cub,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cub,Cubeo; Hahänana; Hehenawa; Cuveo; Kobeua; Kubwa; Kobewa; Pamiwa; Kubewa; Pamié; Cubeu; Kobéwa -10660,Kwomtari,,-3.51,141.49,nucl1593,kwo,Kwomtari-Nai,threatened,ISO 639-3,kwo, -10661,Nai,,-3.73,141.27,naii1241,bio,Kwomtari-Nai,endangered,ISO 639-3,bio,Biaka; Nai-Biaka -10662,Ama,,-4.2,141.66,amap1240,amm,Left May,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amm,Sawiyanu; Waniabu; Neinbonei -10663,Owiniga,,-4.47,141.7,owin1240,owi,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,owi,Bero; Samo; Taina -10664,Nakwi,,-4.27,141.6,nakw1240,nax,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,nax, -10665,Nimo,,-4.36,141.58,nimo1247,niw,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,niw,Nimo-Wasawai; Nimo-Wasuai; Birua -10666,Manem,,-2.99,141.02,mane1266,jet,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,jet,Manam; Jeti; Skofro; Wembi; Yeti -10667,Waris,,-3.14,140.93,wari1266,wrs,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrs,Walsa -10668,Sowanda,,-3.28,140.92,sowa1245,sow,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,sow,Punda-Umeda; Pundina; Waina; Waina-Sowanda; Wanja; Wanya; Wina -10669,Auwe,,-3.34,141.25,auwe1239,smf,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,smf,Simog -1067,Singpho,,27.5569,96.7456,sing1264,sgp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgp,Sing-Fo; Kachin; Jingphaw -10670,Amanab,,-3.55,141.18,aman1265,amn,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,amn, -10671,Pagi,,-3.05,141.25,pagi1244,pgi,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,pgi,Bembi; Pagei -10672,Kilmeri,,-2.89,141.19,kilm1241,kih,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,kih,Kilmera -10673,Angor,,-3.72,141.2,ango1254,agg,Senagi,threatened,ISO 639-3,agg,Anggor; Senagi; Watapor -10674,Dera,,-3.6,141.0,dera1245,kbv,Senagi,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbv,Dla; Dra; Kamberataro; Kamberatoro; Mangguar; Menggwa Dla; Duka-Ekor -10675,Telefol,,-5.07,141.73,tele1256,tlf,Telefol,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlf,Eripataman; Teleefool; Telefool; Telefolmin; Telefomin -10676,Suganga,,-4.51,141.2,suga1249,sug,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sug,Blimo; North Mianmin; Wagarabai -10677,Tifal,,-5.04,141.29,tifa1245,tif,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,tif,Tifalmin -10678,Oksapmin,,-5.21,142.18,oksa1245,opm,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,opm,Nalu -10679,Elseng,,-3.0,140.42,else1239,mrf,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrf,Djanggu; Janggu; Malluo; Maluak; Morwap; Sawa; Tabu -10680,Karkar-Yuri,,-3.74954,141.098,kark1258,yuj,Pauwasi,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuj,Karkar; Yuri -10681,Mian,,-4.9,141.6,mian1256,mpt,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mpt,Mianmin; Miyanmin -10682,Yalë,,-3.8,141.57,yale1246,nce,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,nce,Yale; Yade; Yadë; Yare; Yarë; Nagatiman; Nagatman -10683,Siawi,,-4.05,141.42,siaw1243,mmp,Amto-Musan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mmp,Musa; Musan; Musian; Siafli; Siwai -10684,Pinai-Hagahai,,-5.13,144.14,pina1252,pnn,Piawi,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pnn,Aramaue; Aramo; Erem; Hagahai; Miamia; Pinai; Pinaye; Wapi -10685,Haruai,,-5.1,144.34,haru1245,tmd,Piawi,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmd,Harway; Taman; Waibuk; Wiyau; Wiyavik; Wiyaw; Wovan -10686,Kopkaka,,-4.91,139.93,kopk1238,opk,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,opk,Kopka -10687,Iwur,,-5.11,140.82,iwur1240,iwo,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,iwo,Dintere; Iwoer; Iwur; Morop -10688,North Muyu,,-5.55,140.84,nort2916,kti,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kti,Kataut; Kati Ninanti; Kati-Ninanti; Muyu; Niinati; Ninatie; North Kati; North Moejoe; Yonggom; Yongkom; Yongom -10689,South Muyu,,-6.01,140.81,sout2940,kts,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kts,Digoel; Digoeleesch; Digul; Kati Metomka; Kati-Metomka; Metomka; Moejoe; Muyu; Ok Bari; South Kati; Yonggom; Yongkom; Yongom -10690,Ninggerum,,-5.43,141.16,ning1274,nxr,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,nxr,Kasiwa; Kativa; Muyu; Ningerum; Ninggeroem; Ninggirum; Ninggrum; Niyium; Obgwo; Orgwo; Tedi; Tidi -10691,Yonggom,,-6.43,141.21,yong1280,yon,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,yon,Yongom; Yongkom -10692,Bimin,,-5.39,142.04,bimi1240,bhl,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bhl, -10693,Faiwol,,-5.5,141.66,faiw1243,fai,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,fai,Angkiyakmin; Faiwolmin; Fegolmin; Kauwol; Wokeimin -10694,Urapmin,,-5.09,141.54,urap1239,urm,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,urm, -10695,Nakai,,-5.19,140.51,naka1265,nkj,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkj,Na’ai; Nagai; Na’i -10696,Ngalum,,-4.68,141.03,ngal1298,szb,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,szb,Sibil -10697,Kominimung,,-4.69,144.78,komi1271,xoi,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,xoi, -10698,Ayi,,-3.96,142.41,ayip1235,ayq,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayq, -10699,Nambi,,-3.53,142.33,nabi1239,mty,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mty,Menandon; Metan; Minendon; Mitang; Nabi; Nambieb -10700,Emumu,,-3.74,140.9,emum1240,enr,Pauwasi,threatened,ISO 639-3,enr,Emem; Imimkal; Kiamerop -10705,Nukna,,-6.007053,146.980984,nukn1238,klt,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klt,Komutu -10708,Sadu,,24.083,102.1732,sadu1234,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,撒都語 -10709,Cosao,,21.4515,102.1121,cosa1234,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,Caosao; 搓梭語; tsho55 sɔ55; Cuosuo -10715,Aka-Bo,,13.270513,92.837538,akab1248,akm,Great Andamanese,dormant,ISO 639-3,akm,Bo; Ba -10716,Aka-Kora,,13.390518,93.040969,akak1251,ack,Great Andamanese,dormant,ISO 639-3,ack,Kora; Khora; Aka-Khora; Aka-Cora -10717,Yilan Creole,,24.61,121.687,yila1234,,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,,,Hanhsi Atayal; Hanxi; 寒溪話; 宜蘭克里奧爾; 寒溪泰雅語 -10718,Nasal,,-4.85985,103.482911,nasa1239,nsy,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nsy, -10720,Nadouhua,,19.013,108.678,cunn1236,,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,,,Natou; Laiyu; 那斗話; 來語 -10721,Uruava,,-6.225209,155.573703,urua1242,urv,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,urv, -10722,Jowshaqani,,33.99,51.4,jows1234,,Indo-European,severely endangered,,, -10724,Kesha'i,,33.23,51.47,kesh1234,,Indo-European,endangered,,,Keša'i; Keši -10725,"Moi (Maluku, Indonesia)",,0.3891447,127.3244647,west2600,mqs,North Halmaheran,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mqs,West Makian; Makian Luar -10726,Farvi,,33.47,55.05,farv1234,,Indo-European,endangered,,,Farvigi -10730,Abun,,-0.52,132.19,abun1252,kgr,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kgr,Karon Pantai; Madik; Yimbun -10731,Mpur,,-0.75,133.17,mpur1239,akc,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,akc, -10732,Tanahmerah,,-2.55,133.18,tana1288,tcm,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,tcm,Sumeri -10733,Chiriqui Sign Language,,8.409086,-82.429146,chir1296,,Sign Language,threatened,,,Lengua de Señas de Chiriqui; LSCH -10734,Fasu,,-6.63,143.28,fasu1242,faa,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,faa, -10735,Dibiyaso,,-7.82,142.78,dibi1240,dby,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dby,Bainapi; Dibiasu; Pikiwa -10740,Pawaia,,-6.88,145.08,pawa1255,pwa,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,pwa,Aurama; Pavaia; Pawaian; Sira; Tudahwe; Yasa -10741,Kibiri-Porome,,-7.45,144.3,kibi1239,prm,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,prm,Kibiri; Gibiri; Polome; Porome -10742,Purari,,-7.746167,145.088916,pura1257,iar,Non-Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,iar,Evorra; Iai; Koriki; Maipua; Namau -10743,Bogaya,,-5.54,142.25,boga1247,boq,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,boq,Bogaia; Pogaya -10744,Kamula,,-7.29,142.64,kamu1260,xla,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,xla,Wawoi -10745,Kaure,,-3.347215,139.812557,kaur1271,bpp,Kaure,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpp,Kaureh; Kaurne -10746,Siphuthi,,-30.572829,27.732915,phut1246,,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,,,Seputhi; Sephuthi; Phuthi -10747,Tao,,22.045,121.544,yami1254,tao,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tao,Yami; 達悟; 雅美 -10748,Komnzo,,-8.702164,141.587799,komn1238,,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,,, -10749,Aulua,,-16.36,167.7,aulu1238,aul,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aul, -10750,Burmbar,,-16.42,167.73,burm1263,vrt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vrt,Banam Bay; Vartavo -10751,Lendamboi,,-16.43,167.57,lete1241,nms,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nms,Small Nambas; Letemboi -10752,Malua Bay,,-16.0,167.18,malu1245,,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,malu1245,Malakula; Middle Nambas -10753,Unua,,-16.26,167.6,unua1237,onu,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,onu,Onua -10754,Adithinngithigh,,-12.887711,141.717248,arit1239,dth,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dth,Adetingiti -10755,Awngthim,,-12.587833,142.023835,awng1245,gwm,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gwm,Angutimi; Mamangidigh -10756,Bigambal,,-28.166667,150.166667,biga1237,xbe,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xbe,Bigambul; Bigumbil -10757,Taungurung,,-36.966911,145.420664,daun1234,dgw,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dgw,Daungwurrung; Daung Wurrung; Dhagung-wurrung; Taungurong; Thagawurung -10759,Ikaranggal,,-14.620126,143.932745,ikar1243,ikr,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ikr,Ikarranggali; Aghu Tharnggalu -10760,Koko Babangk,,-15.826024,141.480158,koko1273,okg,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,okg,Kok Peponk; Kok-Babonk; Koko Kunaniy; Kok-Papangk; Kok-Paponk -10761,Kuuk-Yak,,-14.861156,142.053713,kuuk1243,uky,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,uky,Kuuk Yak; Koko Yak; Kuku Yak -10763,Mayi-Yapi,,-19.194796,140.468383,mayi1235,xyj,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyj,Majabi; Miappe; Miappi; Miubbi; Myabi; Myappe -10764,Ngalakgan,,-14.300215,134.298144,ngal1293,nig,Gunwinyguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nig,Ngalakant; Hongalla; Ngalangan -10765,Volow,,-13.65,167.713,motl1237,mlv,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mlv,Valuwa -10766,Mwesen,,-13.898,167.538,vure1239,msn,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,msn,Mosina -10767,Olrat,,-14.313,167.433,olra1234,olr,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,olr, -10768,Vunapu,,-14.834,166.741,vuna1239,vnp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vnp, -10769,Valpei,,-14.883,166.577,valp1237,vlp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vlp, -10773,Bura,,-15.403194,166.675312,bura1300,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10774,Moiso,,-15.442909,166.859333,,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10775,Kene,,-15.49585,166.754963,,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10776,Daruru,,-15.616242,166.785161,,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, -10777,Ande,,-15.470705,166.936238,moro1286,,Austronesian,endangered,,,Morouas -10778,Retlatur,,-15.629468,166.834614,,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, -10780,Merei,,-15.51173,166.888172,mere1242,lmb,Austronesian,endangered,,lmb,Tiale; Lametin; Malmariv -10781,Atin,,-15.441585,166.980183,,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10782,Ati (Vanuatu),,-15.393926,166.96645,polo1242,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Polonombauk; Meris -10783,Farnanto,,-15.370092,166.96645,,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, -10784,Se,,-15.383333,166.999409,,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Fanafo -10785,Sinia,,-15.309171,166.801655,navu1237,nsw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nsw,Navut -10786,Butmas-Tur,,-15.338309,167.106526,butm1237,bnr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnr,Ati; Farafi -10787,Ternate,,0.783333,127.366667,tern1247,tft,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tft, -10788,Tangoa,,-15.592599,166.991513,tang1347,tgp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgp,Movono -10789,Nasvang,,-16.456484,167.664426,nasv1234,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10790,Avok,,-16.501248,167.730344,avok1244,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10791,Nisvai,,-16.431448,167.715238,nisv1234,,Austronesian,endangered,,,Vetbon -10792,Mbwenelang,,-16.348447,167.737211,bwen1239,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10793,Rerep,,-16.277265,167.663053,rere1240,pgk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pgk,Pangkumu; Tisman -10794,Vivti,,-16.250234,167.531217,vivt1234,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10795,Nitita,,-16.214958,167.518171,niti1249,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10797,Vovo,,-15.898421,167.202132,vovo1238,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -10798,Najit,,-15.954546,167.198012,naji1240,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10799,Njav,,-15.975671,167.258437,njav1234,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10800,Nivat,,-16.271847,167.451384,niva1239,,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, -10801,Orkon,,-16.242462,168.218976,orko1234,,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Fanbak -10802,Lelepa,,-17.597085,168.20924,lele1267,lpa,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lpa,Havannah Harbour -10803,Eton,,-17.753446,168.559429,eton1255,etn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,etn, -10804,Tholp,,-15.24301,167.134045,lore1244,,Austronesian,dormant,,,Nethalp -10806,Anem,,-5.54836,148.993,anem1249,anz,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,anz,Anêm -10807,Pele-Ata,,-5.58045,151.05,pele1245,ata,Isolate,threatened,,ata, -10808,Bilua,,-7.748003,156.660565,bilu1245,blb,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,blb, -10809,Kol,,-5.21042,151.583,kolp1236,kol,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kol, -1081,Bade,,12.801,11.1181,bade1248,bde,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,bde,Bede; Bedde; Gidgid -10810,Sulka,,-5.03471,151.891,sulk1246,sua,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sua, -10811,Touo,,-8.58405,157.296,touo1238,tqu,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,tqu, -10812,Yele,,-11.3796,154.127,yele1255,yle,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yle,Yélî Dnye -10814,Lebo' Vo' Kenyah,,3.2974,114.7831,long1406,,Austronesian,endangered,,,Kenyah; Long San Kenyah -10816,Ahamb,,-16.516381,167.649982,axam1237,,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,axam1237,Axamb; Akhamb; Akamb; naujin sdrato [nauˈtʃin sndraˈto] ‘our language’ -10817,Tirax,,-16.011314,167.26444,maee1241,mme,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mme,Mae; Dirak -1082,Bakpinka,,5.3644,8.2397,bakp1238,bbs,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbs,Begbungba; Uwet; Iyongiyong; Iyoniyong -10820,Lamen,,-16.583371,168.133733,lame1260,lmu,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lmu,Lamenu; Varmali -10821,Anejom̃,,-20.176517,169.813967,anei1239,,Austronesian,endangered,,,Aneityum -10822,Lo-Toga,,-13.348755,166.641462,loto1240,lht,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lht,Loh; Toga -10824,Nume,,-14.214274,167.563977,nume1241,tgs,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgs,Tasarag -10829,Sirenikski,,64.416667,-173.95,sire1246,ysr,Eskimo-Aleut,dormant,ISO 639-3,ysr,Sirenik; Old Sirenik -10832,Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic,,31.9567,34.7422,jude1264,yud,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yud, -10833,Uzbeki Spoken Arabic,,38.833333,66.083333,uzbe1248,auz,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,auz,Tajiki; Central Asian Arabic -10834,Judeo-Moroccan Arabic,,33.5,-7.5,jude1265,aju,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,aju, -10835,Judeo-Yemeni Arabic,,15.646,43.929,jude1267,jye,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jye, -10836,Babalia Creole Arabic,,12.113056,15.049167,baba1273,bbz,Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbz, -10837,Judeo-Egyptian Arabic,,,,,,,,,, -10838,North Mesopotamian Arabic,,36.2986,42.0047,nort3142,ayp,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,ayp,Mesopotamian Arabic; Anatolian Arabic -10839,Razihi,,16.911667,43.281111,jaba1234,,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,,,Jabal Rāziḥ -10840,Garma'i,,,,garm1244,,Indo-European,severely endangered,,, -10844,Southern Tepehuán,,25.4120847,-100.9430248,sout2975,,Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,stp; tla; sout2975,Tepecano; O’dam; Audam -10845,Northern Tepehuán,,26.43,-107.38,nort2959,ntp,Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntp,Northern Tepehuan -10847,Sedehi,,,,sede1245,,Indo-European,vulnerable,,,Varnosfaderani -10851,Highland Ecuadorian Quichua,,,,,,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvj; qud; qxr; qug; qvi; qvz; qxj; quw; qvo,Loja; Calderón [qud]; Cañar Highland Quichua [qxr]; Chimborazo [qug]; Imbabura Quichua [qvi]; Northern Pastaza Quichua [qvz]; Salasca [qxl]; Tena Quichua [quw]; Napo Quichua [qvo]; Cotopaxi Quichua. -10852,Chiquian-Bolognesi and Cajatambo Quechua,,-9.925084,-76.239332,,,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qva; qvh; qvm,Alto Pativilca -10853,Catamarca and La Rioja Quechua,,-28.466666666666665,-65.78333333333333,cata1288,,Quechuan,dormant,Glottolog,cata1288,Quichcua -10854,Southern Yauyos Quechua,,,,,,Quechuan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,, -10855,Northern Yauyos Quechua,,,,,,Quechuan,dormant,LINGUIST List,, -10856,Alto Huallaga Quechua,,,,,,,,LINGUIST List,,Upper Huallaga Quechua; Eastern Huánuco Quechua -10858,Natchez,,31.75,-91.33,natc1249,ncz,,awakening,ISO 639-3,ncz, -10860,Malabar Indo-Portuguese Creole,,11.864854,75.369846,mala1464,mal,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mal,Kerala Portuguese Creole -10861,Mesmes,,7.53825,37.5742,mesm1243,mys,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,mys,Mäsmäs -10869,Minderico,,39.517,-8.683,mind1263,drc,Ibero-Romance,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,drc,Piação do Ninhou; Minde -10872,Zenzontepec Chatino,,16.53,-97.5,zenz1235,czn,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,czn,Chatino; Northern Chatino; Chatino Occidental Alto -10880,Palawa Kani,,-42.8788412,147.3217322,,,,,,, -10888,Bima,,-8.46,118.726667,bima1247,bhp,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,bhp,Bimanese -10889,Batak Karo,,3.141907,98.227524,bata1293,btx,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,btx,Karo Batak -10890,Paluai,,-2.559112,147.281946,balu1257,,Austronesian,vulnerable,Glottolog,balu257,Pam-Baluan -10891,Bonerate,,-7.322884,121.09935,bone1254,bna,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bna, -10893,Shelta,,53.178583,-7.556409,shel1236,sth,,,ISO 639-3,sth,Cant; Gammon; Irish Traveler Cant; Sheldru; The Cant -10900,Nsong,,-5.054521,18.781299,song1299,soo,Bantu,threatened,ISO 639-3,soo,Songo -10901,Nda'nda',,4.60509,10.19952,ndan1241,nnz,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnz,Bamileke-Nda’nda’; Bangwa -10906,Mingrelian,,42.01444,43.566671,ming1252,xmf,South Caucasian,at risk,ISO 639-3,xmf,Megrelian; Margali; Margaluri; Megrel; Megruli -10911,Khatso,,24.148024,102.664922,kats1235,kaf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kaf,Kazhuo; 喀卓; Katso; 卡卓; Gazhuo; 嘎卓 -10924,Belep,,-19.75,163.6667,nyal1254,,,,Glottolog,nyal1254,Nyelâyu -10931,Cajun French,,29.6869,-91.6133,caju1236,,,,Glottolog,caju1236,Louisiana French; Français Louisiane; Cajun; Acadien -10935,Tidore,,0.683333,127.4,tido1248,tvo,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tvo, -10936,Tobelo,,1.731944,128.007778,tobe1252,tlb,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlb, -10939,Lakurumau,,-2.883,151.25,laku1238,,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,laku1238,Laxudamau; Lakuramau; Loxodumau -10943,Gullah-Geechee,,33.6632,-79.6036,gull1241,gul,English-based,endangered,ISO 639-3,gul,Geechee; Gullah; Sea Island Creole -10944,Kunda,,-13.015901,30.583386,kund1255,kdn,Niger–Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdn,Cikunda; Chikunda -10950,Totomachapam,,16.8554,-97.0824,toto1308,zph,,,ISO 639-3,zph,Totomachapan Zapotec; Totomachapan -10951,San Vicente Coatlán,,16.2817,-96.8667,sanv1242,,Coatecan,vulnerable,Glottolog,sanv1242, -10952,Texmelucan Zapotec,,16.49197,-97.08947,texm1235,,,,Glottolog,texm1235,Texmelucan Papabuco -10953,Zaniza Zapotec,,16.6804,-97.2876,zani1235,,,,Glottolog,zani1235,Zaniza Papabuco -10954,Coatec Zapotec,,,,,,,,Glottolog,coat1242; sanb1241; coat1243,Coatlán-Loxicha Zapotec (non-preferred) -10955,Amatec Zapotec,,,,,,,,Glottolog,amat1238; coat1244,Amatlán Zapotec; Coatecas Altas Zapotec -10958,Myanmar Sign Language,,16.78599,96.13867,yang1309,ysm,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ysm,Burmese Sign Language; မြန်ြာလက်သင်္ကေတမြဘာသာစကာ -10959,Central Valley Zapotec,,16.796597,-96.653301,,,,,Glottolog,west2947; chic1274; exte1234; sanp1261,Central Valley Zapotec dialect continuum; Tlacolula Valley Zapotec; Ocotec; Quiatoni Zapotec -10960,Quiatoni Zapotec,,16.7608,-96.0899,sanp1261,,,,Glottolog,sanp1261, -10961,Mitla Zapotec,,,,,,,,Glottolog,mitl1236; sant1449, -10964,Eudeve,,29.1666666667,-109.666666667,eude1234,,Uto-Aztecan,dormant,Glottolog,eude1234,Opata-Eudeve; Endeve; Eudeve; Opatan; Heve; Dohema -10965,Mandalay Sign Language,,21.96,96.09,mand1477,,Sign Language,vulnerable,Glottolog,mand1477, -10966,Yangon Sign Language,,16.84,96.17,yang1309,,Sign Language,vulnerable,Glottolog,yang1309, -10967,Meänkieli,,66.83,20.4,torn1244,fit,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,fit,Tornionlaakson Suomi; Torne Valley Finnish; Meän Suomi; Tornedalen Finnish -10969,Ho,,22.798050012850936,86.20181126752678,hooo1248,hoc,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,hoc,हो जगर; ହୋ ଜଗର; hōō jagara -10971,Japhug,,32.21194444444445,101.96166666666667,jiar1240,jya,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jya,kɯrɯskɤt -10972,Bering Aleut,,55.2,166.0,west2616,,Eskimo-Aleut,awakening,Glottolog,west2616,Western Aleut -10973,Gorwaa,,-4.22,35.75,goro1270,,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,Glottolog,goro1270,Gorowa; Goroa; Kimbulu; Fiome; Ufiomi -10974,Ibatan,,19.48,121.96,babu1242,,Batanic,threatened,Glottolog,babu1242,Ibatan of Babuyan claro -10976,Vatlongos,,-16.3,168.21,sout2859,tvk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tvk,Southeast Ambrym -10979,Khroskyabs,,31.91350804468802,102.25131830958067,guan1266,jiq,,,ISO 639-3,jiq,Lavrung; bósʁæi; Guanyinqiao; ཁོ་སྐྱབས།; 绰斯甲 -10988,Sanzhi Dargwa,,41.9779562670328,47.56669789363135,sanz1248,,Nakh-Dagestanian,endangered,Glottolog,sanz1248,Dargwa; Dargva; Dargi; Darginskiy; Sunglan ʁaj; Sunglan -10989,Salawati,,-1.116457,130.8666,made1253,xmx,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xmx; made1253,Maden -10990,Batta,,-0.872323,130.770766,bata1295,,,,Glottolog,bata1295,Batanta -11007,Chinali,,32.555,76.961,chin1475,cih,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cih,Chana; Channali; Chinal; Dagi; Harijan; Shipi -1101,Vidunda,,-6.8664,37.304,vidu1238,vid,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,vid,Chividunda; Kividunda; Ndunda -11012,Pengo,,19.3435,83.6552,peng1244,peg,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,peg,Hengo; Pengu -11013,Sangtam Naga,,25.8581,94.6279,sang1321,nsa,,,ISO 639-3,nsa,Sangtam; Isachanure; Lophomi -11023,Reo Ra’ivavae,,-23.86742446282182,-147.65510405689076,raiv1237,,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,raiv1237, -11025,Roviana,,-8.20493,157.408,rovi1238,rug,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rug, -11026,Namosi,,-18.5308,177.637,namo1248,bwb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwb,Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua -11029,Innu,,49.0533,-68.7376,mont1268,,Algic,endangered,Glottolog,mont1268,Innu-aimun; Montagnais; Innu Aimun -11041,East Uvean,,13.16,176.12,wall1257,wls,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wls,'Uvea; Faka 'Uvea -11042,West Uvean,,-20.44288,166.617239,west2516,uve,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,uve,Fagauvea -11043,Jiiddu,,1.84353,44.1294,jiid1238,jii,,,ISO 639-3,jii, -1122,Bagvalal,,42.5247,46.192,bagv1239,kva,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kva,Bagulal; Kvanadin; багвалинский язык; Barbalin; багулальский язык; кванадинский язык; ბაგვალალური ენა; Bagvalin; Bagwalal; Kvanada -1123,Baraba Tatar,,55.149606,78.330788,bara1408,,Turkic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,tat-bar,барабинский язык; Параба; 巴拉巴鞑靼语; Baraba dili; Paraba -1124,Batsbi,,42.045117,45.302274,bats1242,bbl,Northeast Caucasian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bbl,Bats; Tsova-Tush; batsba motjiti; Bac; Tush; Batsaw; Batsi; ბაცბური ენა; წოვათუშური ენა; бацбийский язык; цова-тушинский; цоватский язык; бацбур мотlтl -1125,Puma,,27.0167,86.85,puma1239,pum,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pum,Puma Pima; Puma La; Puma Kala -1126,Dalabon,,-13.673658,133.885725,ngal1292,ngk,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ngk,Ngalkbun; Ngalkbon; Buin; Boun; Buan; Bouin; Buwan; Gundangbon; Ngalabon; Nalabon; Dangbon; Ngalakan; Ngalagan; Nullakun; Nullikan; Nullikin; Ngalbon; Hongalla) -1127,Eastern Penan,,4.59,114.58,east2485,pez,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pez,Punan -1128,North Ambrym,,-16.186489,168.137208,nort2839,mmg,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mmg,Ambrym; North -1129,Chamacoco,,-20.59,-58.2,cham1315,ceg,Zamucoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ceg,Ebidoso; Tumraha; Chamakoko; Ishiro; Yshyro; Jeywo; Bahía Negra; Tumarahá; Tumerehã -1130,Adi,,29.1473,94.5538,bori1243,adi,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,adi,崩尼-博嘎爾语; Lho-Pa; Abhor; Abor; Boga'er Luoba; Luoba; Lhoba; Boga'er; Bengni-Boga'er; Bokar; Adi-Bokar; Na Bengni; Bengni; Miri; Abor-Miri; Miśing -1131,Bainouk-Gunyaamolo,,12.7421,-16.1141,bain1261,bcz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcz,Banyum; Banyun; Bagnoun; Banhum; Bainuk; Banyuk; Banyung; Elomay; Elunay; Ñuñ -1132,Kayardild,,-17.08808051,139.4873823,kaya1319,gyd,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyd,Gayardild; Bentinck Islanders; Gaiardilt; Gajadild; Gajardild; Gajardilt; Gaja dilt; Gayadilt; Gayardilt; Gaya dilt; Kaiadil; Kaiadilt; Madunun; Maldanunda; Malununda; Malununde; Mardunung; Marlanunda; Gajadilt; Southern Tangkic; Yangkaal-Kayardild; South Wellesley; Guyadilt; Ngarrkuwa Kangk; Rarumbanda Kangk; Bandingkawanda Kangk; Bentinck Language -1133,Wik-Ngathana,,-13.754717,142.173939,wikn1245,wig,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wig,Wikngatara; Wik Ngathara; Wik Ngathana -1134,Mbowe,,-14.154511,22.017453,mbow1246,mxo,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxo,Esimbowe -1135,Mwenyi,,-14.733789,22.450461,mwen1238,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,sie-mwe, -1136,Tagoi,,10.8252,30.1657,tago1246,tag,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tag,Tumale; Tagoy; Umāle -1145,Wintu,,39.8637,-122.0822,nucl1651,wnw,Wintuan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wnw,Colouse; Wintun; North Wintun; Wintu-Nomlaki -1146,Winnebago,,42.2475,-96.4722,hoch1243,win,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,win,Ho-Chunk; Hocak Wazijaci; Hocák; Hocank; Hochank; Hock; Hochunk; Hocangara; Hotcangara -1147,Lake Miwok,,38.6426,-122.3849,lake1258,lmw,Utian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lmw,Miwok (Lake); Miwok; Lake -1148,Western Apache,,33.2563,-110.4637,west2615,apw,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,apw,San Carlos-Southern Tonto; San Carlos Apache; White River Apache; Cibecu; Tonto; San Carlos Cluster; Arivaipa; Apache (Western); Apache; Apache; Western; Coyotero -1149,Washo,,39.25,-120.0,wash1253,was,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,was,Washoe; Washoa -1150,Wappo,,38.5,-122.5,wapp1239,wao,Yukian,awakening,ISO 639-3,wao,Ashochimi; Napa -1165,Upper Tanana,,62.6867,-141.2182,uppe1437,tau,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tau,Nee'aanegn; Nabesna -1166,O'odham,,33.059,-112.0479,toho1245,ood,Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ood,Pima-Papago; Upper Piman; Papago; Nebome; Nevome; O'othham; Papago-Pima; Tohono O'odham -1167,Upper Kuskokwim,,63.0091,-154.3889,uppe1438,kuu,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kuu,Kolchan; Kuskokwim (Upper); Kuskokwim; Upper; Mcgrath Ingalik -1168,Tuscarora,,43.0877,-79.0627,tusc1257,tus,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tus,Skarohreh -1185,Xibe,,43.6599,81.3427,xibe1242,sjo,Tungusic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjo,Sibe; Sibo; Xibo; Xibe; Sibin; Colloquial Manchu; 錫伯語 -1186,Evenki,,48.166,119.4873,even1259,evn,Tungusic,endangered,ISO 639-3,evn,Solon; Ewenki; эвенкский язык; эвэды̄ турэ̄н; Owenke; Suolun; Tungus; Chapogir; Avanki; Avankil; ewen-ki; Sprache der Hiesigen; Manegir; Ewenkische; Northwestern; Siberian Ewenki; 鄂溫克語; 埃文基語; 陳巴爾虎莫日格勒河方言; 雅庫特鄂溫克語; тунгусский язык; Ewenke -1187,Oroqen,,48.166,119.4873,oroq1238,orh,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,orh,Orochen; Orochon; Ulunchun; Oronchon; Olunchun; Elunchun; Oročon; 鄂倫春語 -1205,Manchu,,49.5,127.5,manc1252,mnc,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mnc,Man; Mandschurisch; Mandschu; Mantischeou; Chinesische Tatarn; 滿語 -1206,Nanai,,49.3537,136.5243,nana1257,gld,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gld,Gold; Nanaj; Hezhen; Goldi; Hezhe; Heche; Sushen; Juchen; Goldisch; nānai; Akani; Birar; Kile; Samagir; Goldische; Nanay; 赫哲語; 那乃語; 赫真語; Нанай; Нанайэ; Nanaj; Nanaje; нанайский языкж -1207,Yellow Uyghur,,38.75,99.75,west2402,ybe,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ybe,Yellow Uighur; Saryg Yughur; West Yugur; Yugur; West; Sarygh Uygur; Sarig; Ya Lu; Sari Yogur; Yuku; Yugu; Sary-Uighur; šira-jögur; Sprache der gelben Uiguren; Turkic Yellow Uighur; 西部裕固語 -1208,East Yugur,,38.78,99.987,east2337,yuy,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yuy,Shira Yughur; Enger; Shira Yugur; Shera Yogur; Eastern Yogor; Yogor; Yögur; Yugu; Yugar; Yellow Uighur; Šera-Yögur; Mongolic Yellow Uighur; 東部裕固語 -1209,Dongxiang,,31.5,107.5,dong1285,sce,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sce,Santa; Tunghsiang; Tung; Dunshan; Tsung-hsiang; 東鄉語 -121,Potawatomi,,39.3251,-95.8495,pota1247,pot,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pot,Pottawotomi; Bodéwadmi; Bodewadmi -1210,Kangjia,,35.959,101.978,kang1281,kxs,Mongolic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kxs,Kangyang Hui; 康家語 -1212,Ainu (Japan),,47.3983,142.2949,ainu1240,ain,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ain,Ainu Itak; Aynu itak; Kurili; アイヌ　イタㇰ; アイヌ語 -1213,Hung,,18.3333,105.0,hung1275,hnu,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hnu,Cuói; K'katiam-Pong-Houk; Pheng; Theng; P'eng; Phong -1214,Thavung,,17.77,104.23,aheu1239,thm,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,thm,Aheu; Phon Soung; So; Sotawueng; Kha Tong Luang; Phonsung; So Thavung; Ahlao; Phonesoung; Kha; Tong-luang; Kha Tong Luong; Phi Taung Luang; Ka Tawng Luang; Sach; Tac-cui; Ahao -1215,Sach,,17.78,105.7666,chut1247,scb,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,scb,Chut; Salang; Ruc; May; Kha -1217,Nguôn,,17.5333,105.3833,nguo1239,nuo,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuo,Ngouan -1219,Arem,,18.1771,105.3369,arem1240,aem,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aem,A-Rem; Chomrau; Chombrau; Umo -1220,Suoy,,12.564,102.529,suoy1242,syo,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,syo,Su'ung; Pear -1222,Thai Song,,13.228214,99.852433,thai1259,soa,,,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,soa; thai1259,Song; Thai Song Dam; Lao Song; Lao Song Dam; ลาวโซ่ง; ลาวโซ่งดำ -1223,Samre,,12.1166,103.0833,samr1245,sxm,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sxm,East Pear -1224,Pear,,12.4666,102.65,pear1247,pcb,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pcb,Por; Kompong Thom; Pear of Kompong Thom; Pãr -1226,Chu-ng,,14.4897,99.1661,saoc1239,scq,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,scq,Sauch; Saotch; Saoch; Sa'och; Sa-och; Tchiong; Angrak; Ansrak; Anskrak; Sa-ong; Khamen Phadong -1227,Chong,,12.9506,102.0374,chon1284,cog,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cog,Chawng; Shong; Xong; Cong; ʃong; kui -1228,Breton,,48.2246,-3.9331,bret1244,bre,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bre,Brezhoneg -1229,Budukh,,41.1207,48.3233,budu1248,bdk,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bdk,Budugh; Budux; budad mez; будад мез; Budug; Budugi; Bukukhi; Buduq dili; будухский язык; будугский язык -1230,Burgenland Croatian,,47.8435,16.5179,burg1244,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,hrv-bur, -1231,Campidanese Sardinian,,40.0,9.0,camp1261,sro,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sro,Sardinian; Campidanese; Campidanese Sardinian; Campidanian Sardinian; Sardu; Campidese; South Sardinian; Sardinian; Campidanese -1232,Cappadocian Greek,,38.048,32.6953,capp1239,cpg,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,cpg,Cappadocian; Asia Minor Greek -1234,Chamalal,,42.3928,45.5626,cham1309,cji,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cji; cham1309,Camalal; Chamali чамалинский язык; çamalaldub miçʿçʿ; чамалалдуб мичIчI; ჭამალალური ენა -1235,Nyahkur,,15.6587,101.5068,nyah1250,cbn,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbn,Nyah Kur (Tha Pong); Nyah Kur; Nyakur; Niakuol; Niakuoll; Chaobon; Chaodon; Lawa; Chaobon; Chaodon -1236,Mang,,22.35,102.9666,mang1378,zng,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,zng,Mang U; Xá Mang; Xá Ó; Nieng Ó; Chaman; Manbu; Ba'e; Xá Lá Vàng; Xamang; 莽語; tiếng Mảng -1237,Bolyu,,24.4871,105.216,boly1239,ply,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ply,Lai; Palju; Palyu; Polyu; 倈語 -1238,Bugan,,24.045941,105.054981,buga1247,bbh,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bbh,Bogan; Bengan; Pukan; Hualo; Huazu; 布甘語; 本甘語; 布賡語 -1239,Bit,,21.1254,101.4697,bitt1240,bgk,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bgk,布興話; Kha Bit; Khabit; Khbit; Pasing; Phsing; Phsin; 布興語 -1240,Mlabri,,18.4796,101.0961,mlab1235,mra,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mra,Mlabri (Minor); Mla; Mla Bri; Mla-Bri; Mabri; Mrabri; Yumbri; Ma Ku; Yellow Leaf; Phi Thong Luang (Spirits of yellow leaves); มละบริ; เผ่าตองหลือง; ผีตองหลือง -1242,Lawa,,18.4483,98.1848,west2396,lcp,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lcp,Wa; Wa Proper; Lava; Luwa; Lua; L'wa; Lavua; Lavüa; Mountain Lawa; Lawa; Western Lawa; Mae Sariang; La'wa -1244,Danau,,21.192,97.3937,dana1252,dnu,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dnu,Danaw; Kano'; Kano' Chon -1245,Tai Loi,,21.178,100.356,tail1246,tlq,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlq,Loi; Tailoi; Wakut; Monglwe; Angku; Āng-kú; Mong-Lwe; Tailoi von Möng-Lwe; Tai-Loi; Wa-Küt; Muak Sa-aak -1246,Bishnupuriya,,24.297,92.4499,bish1244,bpy,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bpy,Bishnupriya; Bisna Puriya; Bishnupria Manipuri -1247,Hu,,22.1743,100.9264,huuu1240,huo,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,huo,Angku; Āng-kú; 戶語 -1248,Kaco',,13.934,107.4222,kaco1239,xkk,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkk,Kachah'; Kacho'; Kachok; Kacoq; Kacok; Kancho; Kachah -1249,Zome,,24.06,93.93,zouu1235,zom,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zom,Zorni; Zomi; Zou; Zo; Kuki Chin; Jo; ဇိုမီး -125,Hawaiian,,21.894103,-160.161856,hawa1245,haw,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,haw,'Ōlelo Hawai'i; 'Ōlelo Hawai'i Makuahine -1250,Chrau,,10.75,107.5,chra1242,crw,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crw,Jro; Ro; Tamun; Chauro; Choro; Chíoro -1251,Triw,,15.6833,107.2,triw1234,,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,kuf-tri,Triw -1252,Dakkang,,15.6333,107.25,dakk1239,,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,kuf-dak,Daak Kang -1253,Zemiaki,,34.945,70.954,zemi1238,,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,nli-zem,Zamyaki; Jamlám basa -1254,Chatong,,15.65,107.1166,chat1270,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1iu, -1255,Semelai,,3.0,103.0,seme1247,sza,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sza,Bera; Semelai Bera; Serting -1256,Semaq Beri,,4.0012,102.8443,sema1265,szc,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,szc,Semaq Bri; Semoq Beri; Ulu Tembeling -1257,Semai,,4.33333333333,101.666666667,sema1266,sea,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sea,Senoi; Sengoi; Sakai; Central Sakai; Central Sakai; Zentral Sakai -1258,Minriq,,5.01,102.05,minr1238,mnq,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mnq,Menriq; Menrik; Mendriq; Menraq; Menri' -1259,Zeme Naga,,25.1666666667,93.5,zeme1240,nzm,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nzm,Zeme; Empeo; Kachcha; Kacha; Kutcha; Mezama; Sangrima; Sengima; Arung; Empui; Jeme; Zemi; Naga (Zeme); Kachcha Nagas; Naga; Zeme -1260,Kensiu,,7.1712,99.7915,kens1248,kns,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,kns,Mos; Mengo; Tiong; Mawas; Belubn; Kenseu; Kensieu; Kensiw; Moniq; Monik; Mendi; Ngok Pa; Orang Bukit; Orang Liar; Kense; Sakai; Maniq; Moni; Menik; Meni; Jarum; Semang Proper (of Ulu Krian); Semang; Semang-Dialekte -1261,Lanoh,,5.2509,101.0206,lano1248,lnh,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,lnh,Lanoh Jengjeng; Jengjeng -1262,Kintaq,,5.75,101.28,kint1239,knq,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,knq,Kenta; Kintak; Kintk; Kintaq Bong; Bong -1263,Jahai,,5.75,101.5,jeha1242,jhi,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jhi,Jehai; Pangan; Jehehr; Pangan-Dialekte -1264,Jah Hut,,3.6452,102.3065,jahh1242,jah,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jah,Jah Het; Eastern Sakai; Ost-Sakai -1266,Chewong,,3.6271,102.1907,chew1245,cwg,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cwg,Cheq Wong; Che'wong; Siwang; Beri; Chuba; Che' Wong -1267,Mah Meri,,2.659,101.675,besi1244,mhe,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhe,Besisi; Cellate; Southern Sakai; Betise'; Betisek; Belandas; Süd-Sakai -1268,Batek,,4.6695,102.5051,bate1262,btq,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,btq,Bateq; Bateg; Batok; Kleb; Tomo; Nong; Lebir -1269,Ak,,-3.6093,141.6604,akkk1240,akq,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,akq, -127,Nivaclé,,-23.5,-60.5,niva1238,cag,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cag,Chulupi; Churupi; Nivaklé; Ashluslay; Axluxlay; Churupí; Niwaklé; Chulupí -1305,Cicipu,,11.0,5.6,cici1237,awc,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,awc,Acipanci; Achipa; Sagamuk; Western Acipa; Acipa; Western -1306,Korana,,-26.9352,24.1254,kora1292,kqz,Khoe,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kqz,Kora; Korana Hottentot; !Ora; Koranna; !Kora; Koraqua; Gorachouqua; !Gora -1308,Ashéninka,,-10.933333,-75.266667,,,Arawakan,threatened,,cpc; cjo; prq; cpu; cpy; cpb,Ashéninga (Upper Perené; Ashéninka Perené; Perené Campa; Ashéninca Perené); Ajyíninka (Ajyéninka; Apurucayali Campa; Ashaninca; Ashéninca Apurucayali; Axininka Campa); Pajonal (Ashéninca; Atsiri); Pichis Ashéninca (Pichis Campa); South Ucayali Ashéninka; Ucayali Ashéninca; Campa (considered pejorative). -1309,Sekpele,,7.106,0.36,sekp1241,lip,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,lip; sekp1241,Sɛkpɛlé; Likpe; Mu; Bosele -1310,Mavea,,-15.384,167.23,mafe1237,mkv,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mkv,Mafea; Mav̋ea -1311,Wutunhua,,35.791,102.4365,wutu1241,wuh,Mixed Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,wuh,Wutun; 五屯話 -1312,Bierebo,,-16.621305,168.160694,bier1244,bnk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bnk,Bonkovia-Yevali -1325,Younuo Bunu,,24.0,107.0,youn1235,buh,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,buh,Punu; Pu No; Younuo; Yunuo; Yuno; Yu-no; Hong Yao; Bunu; Younuo; 優諾語 -1326,She,,23.173161,114.289706,shee1238,shx,Hmong-Mien,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,shx,Huo Nte; 畬語; 山哈 -1327,Wunai Bunu,,24.4146,107.8378,wuna1248,bwn,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwn,Punu; Wunai; Ngnai; Hm Nai; Wu-nai; Bunu; Wunai; 布努語唔奈方言 -1328,Jiongnai Bunu,,23.3902,108.5135,jion1236,pnu,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnu,Punu; Qiungnai; Kiong Nai; Jiongnai; Jiongnaihua; Hualan Yao; Chiung-nai; Bunu; Jiongnai; 炯奈語; 花籃瑤 -1329,Alune,,-3.0637,128.3752,alun1238,alp,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,alp,Sapalewa; Patasiwa Alfoeren -1330,Amahai,,-3.3352,128.9314,amah1245,amq,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amq,Amahei -1332,Lauje,,-0.5,120.0,lauj1238,law,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,law,Laudje; Tinombo; Ampibabo-Lauje -1333,Ampibabo,,-0.5,120.0,ampi1237,,Austronesian,threatened,LINGUIST List,law-amp, -1334,Andio,,-0.8514,123.1457,andi1257,bzb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzb,Masama; Andio'o; Imbao'o -1335,Anus,,-2.1268,139.5126,anus1237,auq,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,auq; anus1237,Koroernoes; Korur -1347,Aputai,,-7.6511,126.4086,aput1237,apx,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,apx,Ilputih; Opotai; Tutunohan -1349,Arguni,,-2.6632,132.5418,argu1237,agf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,agf,Argoeni -1350,As,,-0.742007,131.683156,asss1237,asz,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,asz; asss1237, -1351,Auye,,-3.5627,135.9915,auye1238,auu,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,auu,Auwje -1352,Awera,,-2.7084,136.0395,awer1241,awr,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,awr, -1353,Awyi,,-2.943,140.6359,awyi1241,auw,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,auw,Auyi; Awye; Awje; Awji; Nyao; Njao; Beapawa; Embiawo -1354,Bahonsuai,,-2.2186,121.6845,baho1237,bsu,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bsu; baho1237, -1356,Balaesang,,-0.1,119.7,bala1314,bls,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bls,Balaesan; Balaisang; Pajo -1357,Baras,,-1.8838,119.3774,bara1371,brs,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,brs; bara1371,Ende; ToriBara -1358,Bedoanas,,-2.7263,132.5582,bedo1237,bed,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bed; bedo1237, -1359,Drung,,28.0,98.3333333333,drun1238,duu,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,duu,Dulong; Taron; T'rung; Kiu; Qui; Kiutze; Qiuzi; Kiupa; Kiao; Rawang; Trung; Metu; Melam; Tamalu; Tukiumu; Tulung; Qiu; Nung; Nu-tzŭ; 獨龍語 -1360,Benggoi,,-3.0748,130.0918,beng1287,bgy,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bgy; beng1287,Bengoi; Kobi-Benggoi; Uhei-Kaclakin; Uhei Kachlakan; Uhei-Kahlakim; Isal -1361,Behoa,,-1.7163,120.4211,beso1237,bep,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bep; beso1237,Besoa -1363,Biak,,-0.3076,131.2207,biak1248,bhw,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bhw,Village X; Biak-Numfor; Noefoor; Mafoor; Mefoor; Nufoor; Mafoorsch; Myfoorsch; Noefoorsch -1364,Nłeʔkepmxcín (Thompson),,50.1909,-120.8431,thom1243,thp,Salishan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,thp,Thompson; Nlha7kápmx; Thompson River Salish; Ntlakapmuk; Nklapmx; Thompson; Nlaka'pamux; Nłeʔkepmxcin; Ntlakyapamuk; At-nah; nɬeʔkepmxcín; Nle'kepmxcín; Ntlakapamux -1365,"Boano (Sulawesi, Indonesia)",,0.44,120.954,boan1243,bzl,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzl,Bolano; Djidja -1368,Karo (Brazil),,-10.5749,-61.5893,karo1305,arr,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,arr,Arara; Urukú; Káro -1369,Kuna,,9.4,-78.316667,,,Chibchan,vulnerable,,cuk; kvn,Cuna; San Blas Cuna; Cueva; Paya-Pocuro; Caimán -1370,Ngarinyin,,-16.601517,125.536117,ngar1284,ung,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ung,Ungarinyin; Ngarinjin; Ungarinjin; Molyamidi; Wol'jamidi; Yamandil; Narrinyind; Gular; Unŋarinjin; Warnarinjin; Angarinjin; Wangarinjinu; Arawari; Ingarinjindja; Njingarinjanja; Arkarin-jindja; Oladjau; Marangana; Walmidi; Andedja; Andidja; Ungarin-jen; Ngaring-ngyan; Ngerringun; Kandjalngari -1371,Numèè,,-22.249569,166.821594,nume1242,kdk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kdk; nume1242,Nââ Numèè; Kapone; Touaouru; Ouen; Kwenyii; Kunie; Tuauru; Duauru; Uen; Wen; Naa-Wee; Neukaledonien -1372,Papitalai,,-2.05,147.4,papi1254,pat,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pat; papi1254,Admiralitäts-inseln -1373,Fas,,-3.197,141.373,fass1245,fqs,Baibai-Fas,threatened,ISO 639-3,fqs,Bembi; Momu -1374,Nahavaq,,-16.523057,167.452727,sout2857,sns,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sns,South West Bay; Sinesip; Seniang; Na'ahai; Mallicolo -1375,Yanomam,,3.3818,-63.8085,yano1262,wca,Yanomaman,threatened,ISO 639-3,wca,Yanomami; Waiká; Yanoam; Yanomaé; Surara; Xurima; Parahuri; Central Waicá; Waicá; Yanam; Yanomaman language area; Yanomámi; Yanomamé -1376,Reel,,6.557,30.504,reel1238,atu,Nilotic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atu,Atuot; Atwot; Thok Cieng Reel; Thok Reel -1377,Gurindji,,-17.69568213,130.0045992,guri1247,gue,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gue,Wurlayi; Coorinji; Garundji; Goarango; Guirindji; Gurindzi; Koorangie; Kooringee; Korindji; Kwarandji; Kwaranjee; We-arr-ung; Wadshara; Manu; Manoo; Gurinji; Gurindji -1378,Milang,,28.431389,95.041667,mila1245,,,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-mil,Holon -1379,Shabo,,7.327,35.2935,shab1252,sbf,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sbf,Chabu; Shabu; Sabu; Shako; Mekeyer; Mikeyir; Mikair -1380,Yakha,,27.1908,87.3358,yakk1236,ybh,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ybh,Yakkha; Yakkhaba; Yakkhaba Cea; Yakkhaba Sala; Dewansala; Yākhā; Yakthomba; Rōi -1381,Abui,,-8.25,124.666666667,abui1241,abz,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,abz,Barue; Barawahing; Namatalaki -1382,Amurdak,,-11.149603,132.576973,amar1271,amg,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amg,Wureidbug; Amurag; A'moordiyu; Amarak; Amardak; Amurdag; Amurrag; Amurrak; Amurtak; Amuruk; Mamurug; Monobar; Namurug; Nga:mr:rak; Nga:mu:rak; Ngamurag; Ngamurak; Umoreo; Umoriu; Umorrdak; Wardadjbak; Woraidbug; Amarag -1383,Basketo,,6.566667,36.266667,bask1236,bst,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bst,Basketto; Baskatta; Mesketo -1384,Ménik,,12.7528,-12.2717,bedi1235,tnr,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tnr,Budik; Bedik; Tandanke; Tendanke; Tenda; Bande; Basari du Bandemba; Menik -1405,Bonerif,,-2.1088,139.2352,bone1255,bnv,Orya-Tor,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bnv; bone1255,Beneraf; Boneraf -1407,Bonggo,,-2.2461,139.5208,bong1287,bpg,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bpg,Armopa; Bgu; Bogu; Bongo -1408,Budong-Budong,,-2.0601,119.3074,budo1241,bdx,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bdx; budo1241,Tangkou; Tongkou; Bubudong; To Budo-Budo -1409,Burate,,-2.7811,135.9915,bura1276,bti,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bti; bura1276, -141,Mocho',,15.324053,-92.234756,moch1257,mhc,Mayan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mhc,Motozintlec; Motozintleco; Mochó; Cotoque -1410,Busoa,,-5.551441,122.604769,buso1238,bup,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bup; buso1238,Bosoa -1411,Taworta,,-3.2776,138.7902,tawo1244,tbp,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tbp; tawo1244,Dabra; Taworta-Aero; Taria; Bok; Taburta; Diebroud -1412,Dampelas,,0.2005,119.8965,damp1237,dms,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dms; damp1237,Dian; Dampal; Dampelasa -1414,Demisa,,-2.7016,136.6699,demi1242,dei,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dei; demi1242,Dewesa -1415,Abaza,,44.0,42.0,abaz1241,abq,Northwest Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,abq; abaz1241,абаза бызшва‎; Abazintsy; Abazin; Ahuwa; Tapanta; Ashuwa -1418,Baïnounk Gubëeher,,12.531272,-16.353248,gube1234,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,1id, -1419,Baïnounk Gujaher,,12.579,-16.283,bain1259,,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,0tz, -1420,Oyda,,5.9438,36.6503,oyda1235,oyd,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,oyd,Oida -1422,Phake,,27.5033,95.2185,phak1238,phk,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,phk,Phakial; Phakey; Faake; Tai Phakial -1424,Khamyang,,26.89,93.99,kham1291,ksu,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ksu,Khamjang; Khamiyang; Shyam; Tai Khamyang -1425,Khamti,,26.0522,97.1739,kham1290,kht,Tai-Kadai,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kht; kham1290,Hkamti; Khampti; Khamti Shan; Khampti Shan; Khandi Shan; Kam Ti; Tai Kam Ti; Tai-Khamti; Kamti; Kham(p)ti; Hkampti; Shan; Khampti Sam; Hkampti Shan; Tai Khamti -1426,Tai Aiton,,26.6523,94.2901,aito1238,aio,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,aio; aito1238,Aitonia; Sham Doaniya -1427,Tai Neua,,20.5166,104.3166,tain1252,tdd,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tdd, -1428,Tai Daeng,,19.8833,104.6166,taid1249,tyr,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tyr,Red Tai; Red Thai; Tai Rouge; Thai Do; Thai Dang; Tai Deng; Daeng; Táy-Môc-Châu; Môc-Châu -1429,Saek,,17.4166666667,104.75,saek1240,skb,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,skb,Sek; Tai Sek; Set; 石語 -1430,T'en,,25.871,107.0476,tenn1245,tct,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tct,Then; Yanghuang; Rau; Yang Huang; Rao; 佯僙語 -1431,Mulam,,25.0,108.0,mula1253,mlm,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlm,Mulao; Molao; Mulou; Muliao; Mulao Miao; Abo; 仫佬語 -1432,Maonan,,24.8341,107.577,maon1241,mmd,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,mmd,Ai Nan; 毛南話; 毛難語 -1433,Mak (China),,25.5532,107.3809,makc1235,mkg,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkg,Mo; Mohua; Mo-Hua; Ching; Mojiahua; Mochiahua; 莫語; 莫話; 錦話; 吳家話 -1434,Lakkia,,24.0833333333,110.166666667,lakk1238,lbc,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbc,Lakkja; Lakja; Lakia; Lajia; Tai Laka; Laka; Chashan Yao; Tea Mountain Yao; Lak(k)ia; 茶山瑤 -1435,Yerong,,23.0732,106.0789,yero1238,yrn,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrn,雅郎布央; 耶容布央; 土瑤; 鐵瑤; 六瑤; 央瓊 -1436,Laqua,,23.1666,105.1,qabi1235,laq,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,laq,Bubiao; Pu Peo; Ka Beo; Ka Bao; Ka Biao; Pubiao; Pupeo; Pu Péo; Pen Ti Lolo; Bendi Lolo; KaBeo; Pubiao; Qabiao; 普標語 -1437,En,,22.838831,106.168025,ennn1243,enc,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,enc,Ain; Nung Ven; 恩語; 儂環語 -1439,Tima,,11.7033,29.1934,tima1241,tms,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tms,Lomorik; Lomuriki; Tamanik; Yibwa; Domurik -1440,Dane-Zaa (Beaver),,56.481,-121.8831,beav1236,bea,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bea,ᑕᓀ ᖚ; Beaver; Dunne-za; dʌnneza; Dane-zaa Záágéʔ -1441,Lowland Chontal,,16.0,-95.75,lowl1260,clo,Tequistlatecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clo,Huamelultec; Chontal; Lowland Oaxaca Chontal; Huamelula Chontal; Chontal de la Costa de Oaxaca; Huamelulteco; Chontal (Huamelultec Oaxaca); Chontal de Oaxaca (Costa); Lowland Oaxaca Chontal; Coastal Tequistlatec; Tluamelula -1442,Lacandon,,20.055931,-89.58252,laca1243,lac,Mayan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lac,Lacandón; Lakantún; Lacandon Maya -1445,Dena'ina,,63.3422,-148.8647,tana1289,tfn,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tfn,K'naia-khotana; Tanaina; Kinayskiy -1446,Tanacross,,64.2159,-145.9643,tana1290,tcb,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tcb,Nee'anděg'; Transitional Tanana -1447,Tāłtān (Tahltan),,57.8451,-129.9745,tahl1239,tht,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tht,Nahanni; Tahltan; Tahl-tan -1448,Tagish,,60.1601,-134.6842,tagi1240,tgx,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tgx, -1449,Stoney,,51.161,-114.8533,ston1242,sto,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,sto,Stoney; Assiniboin; Stonies; Stony; Nakoda; Alberta Assiniboine; Nakon -1450,Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim (Squamish),,49.667,-123.167,squa1248,squ,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,squ,Sqwxwumish; Skwxwu7mesh; Squawmisht; sqʷxʷúʔməš; Sk̲wx̲wú7mesh; SKwXwu7mesh snichim -1452,Chiquitano,,-16.7,-61.4,chiq1248,cax,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,cax,Chiquito; Tarapecosi; Tao; Chikitano; Besïro; Chiquit(an)o -1453,Betta Kurumba,,11.5,76.75,bett1235,xub,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xub,Betta Kurumba Nonstandard Tamil; Kadu Kurumba; Urali Kurumba; Kurumba; Betta -1454,Blablanga,,-8.206,159.4638,blab1237,blp,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,blp,Gema; Goi -1455,Desano,,0.272789,-69.761979,desa1247,des,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,des,Desana; Desano; Desâna; Dessano; Wina; Uina; Wirã; Boleka; Oregu; Kusibi; Desána; Dessana; Desana-Siriana; Kotedia; Wira -1456,Effutu,,5.343437,-0.621786,efut1241,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,afu-efu,Efutu -1457,Ingrian,,59.716667,28.466667,ingr1248,izh,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,izh,Izhorian; ижорский язык; inkeroisen kieli; ižoran keeli; isuri keel; izhor; inkerin kieli; Ingrisch; Isurisch; Ižorisch; ingrien; užory; ižorskij jazyk; inkerioinen; maakeeli -1458,Dyapá,,-6.5,-68.5,kana1291,knm,Harakmbut-Katukinan,threatened,ISO 639-3,knm,Southern Katukinan; Tshom-Djapá [Txunhuã-Djapá]; Canamarí; Kanamarí) (perhaps the same as Tucundiapa (Tucano Dyapa; Hondiapa/Hon-Dyapá)]) -1459,Malaccan Creole Portuguese,,2.1917093,102.2512155,mala1533,mcm,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,mcm,Malaysian Creole Portuguese; Malaccan; Papia Kristang; Kristang; Portuguese Patois; Serani; Bahasa Serani; Bahasa Geragau; Malaqueiro; Malaquense; Malaquês; Malaquenho; Português de Malaca; Malayo-Portuguese; Moluccas Pidgin -1460,"Mor (Mor Islands, Indonesia)",,-2.95,135.75,morm1235,mhz,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mhz; morm1235,Austronesian Mor -1463,Nalu,,10.9523,-14.7629,nalu1240,naj,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,naj,Nalou -1464,Ratahan,,1.0354,124.7985,rata1244,rth,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,rth,Toratán; Bentenan; Pasan -1465,Seke (Vanuatu),,-15.825,168.169,seke1241,ske,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ske,Ske -1466,Dakka,,-3.34,119.23,dakk1238,dkk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dkk; dakk1238,Nordost-Celebes -1467,Ese'jja,,-12.5867,-69.0161,esee1248,ese,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ese,Huarayo; Tiatinagua; Chama; Ese Ejja; Ese Eja; Ese Exa; Chama; Ese'ejja; Tambopata-Guarayo; “Chama; Ese'eha; Guacanawa; Chuncho; Eseʔexa -1468,Bih,,12.84,108.045,biha1246,ibh,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ibh, -1470,Dän kʼè (Southern Tutchone),,60.7796,-137.4983,sout2957,tce,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tce,Dákwänjē; Dän kʼè; Dän kʼè Kwänje; Tutchone; Tuchone; Tutchone; Southern; Southern Tutchone -1471,Southern Tiwa,,34.9057,-106.7066,sout2961,tix,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tix,Tiwa (Southern); Isleta-Sandia -1472,Secwepemctsin (Shuswap),,51.7886,-122.2286,shus1248,shs,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,shs,Shuswap; Secwepemc; Secwepemctsín; At-nah; Shooswap; səxwəxcín; Secwepemctsía -1473,Shoshone,,43.0438,-112.4629,shos1248,shh,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,shh,Shoshoni; Shoshoni-Goshiute; Shonshoni -1485,Dondo,,0.777,120.529,dond1249,dok,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dok, -1486,Doutai,,-3.33333333333,138.166666667,dout1240,tds,Lakes Plain,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tds; dout1240,Taori-So; Taori; Tolitai -1487,Dubu,,-3.5134,140.8612,dubu1240,dmu,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,dmu,Tebi -1488,Duriankere,,-1.3896,130.9247,duri1243,dbn,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dbn; duri1243,Esaro; Sailen; Duriankari -1505,Laji,,23.021,104.395,lakk1238,,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1l4,Lachi; Lipulio; Y To; Y Pí; Y Póng; Y Mia; Cù Te; Cu-Tê; I To; Y Poong; Ku Te; La Chi; Laji; Lati; Tai Lati -1506,Lachi,,22.6666666667,104.833333333,lach1248,lbt,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbt,Lipulio; Y To; Y Pí; Y Póng; Y Mia; Cù Te; Cu-Tê; I To; Y Poong; Ku Te; La Chi; Laji; Lati; Tai Lati -1507,Laha (Vietnam),,21.5833333333,103.916666667,laha1250,lha,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lha,Xá Khao; Khlá Phlao; Klá Dong; Khlá Don; Khlá Dung; Khlá Liik; La Ha Ung; La Ha; Xá Chien; Xá Lay -1508,White Gelao,,26.212,105.478,whit1267,giw,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,giw,Tú Du; Telue; Southwestern Gelao; Gelao; White; 仡佬語多羅方言; 白仡佬 -1509,Red Gelao,,23.1666,105.25,redg1235,gir,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gir,Voa Dê; Vandu Gelao; 紅仡佬; Cờ Lao; 仡佬語阿歐方言; A-ou; A-uo -1510,Green Gelao,,26.07,105.777,gree1278,giq,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,giq,Kláo; Hoki Gelao; Cape Draping Gelao; Hagei; Ho Ki; 仡佬语哈給方言; 青仡佬; Cờ Lao -1511,Gao Gelao,,28.7447,106.0714,qaua1234,gqu,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gqu,Gao; Aqaw; Gelo; Kelao; Keleo; Kehlao; Klau; Klo; Ilao; Khi; Chilao; Lao; Keh-lao; 仡佬語稿方言 -1512,Langnian Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,lang1316,yln,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yln,Buyang Zhuang; Eastern Buyang; Funing Buyang; Buozaang; Buyang; Langnian; 郎念布央 -1513,Dusner,,-2.7139,134.3888,dusn1237,dsn,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dsn,Dusnir -1514,Baha Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,baha1256,yha,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yha,Paha Buyang; Western Buyang; Guangnan Buyang; Buyang Zhuang; Buyang; Buyang; Baha; 巴哈布央語 -1515,Taba,,0.335,127.38,east2440,mky,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mky,East Makian; Makian Dalam -1516,Camsá,,0.8788,-76.7724,cams1241,kbh,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbh,Coche; Kamsá; Sibundoy; Kamemtxa; Kamse; Camëntsëá; Kamsa; Kamtsá; Mocoa; camsá; Cams; Sibundoy-Gaché -1517,Shawnee,,35.359,-96.9298,shaw1249,sjw,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjw, -1518,Serrano,,34.1212,-117.2221,serr1255,ser,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,ser,Maara'yam püvüravk; Serran; Kitanemuk -1519,Waiwai,,2.1528,-56.206,waiw1244,waw,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,waw,Uaiuai; Wai Wai; Katawiana; Parukotó; Parukota; Uaieue; Ouayeone; Wabui; Uai Uai -1520,Aché,,-25.25,-55.1666666667,ache1246,guq,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,guq,Axe; Guaiaqui; Guoyagui; Guayakí; Guayaki-Ache; Guayaki; Guayaquí; Guaiaqui; Guajaki; Guoyagui -1526,Tse'khene (Sekani),,58.0952,-122.7067,seka1250,sek,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sek,Tsek'ene; Sekani; Tsek'ehne; Tsek'hene; Tθek'ehne -1527,She shashishalhem (Sechelt),,50.0846,-123.7437,sech1246,sec,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sec,Sechelt; sháshishálem; Siciatl; Seshelt; Shashishalhem; šášíšáɬəm -1528,Sauk-Fox,,41.9637,-92.5768,mesk1242,sac,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sac,Fox; Mesquakie; Meskwakie; Meskwaki; Sac and Fox -1529,Tsuut'ina,,50.9682,-114.3851,sars1236,srs,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,srs,Sarcee; Sarsi; Tsutina; Tsuu T'ina -1530,Quechan,,32.7279,-114.7255,quec1382,yum,Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,yum,Yuma; Kechan; Quecl; Kwtsan; Kwtsaan; Cuchan; Yuma Proper -1531,Northern Pomo,,39.4143,-123.3502,nort2966,pej,Pomoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pej,Redwood Cañon; North Pomo; Pomo (Northern) -1532,Central Pomo,,38.9704,-123.6893,cent2138,poo,Pomoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,poo,Oat Valley; Pomo; Central; Ballo-Kai-Pomo; Cabanapo; Habenapo; H'hana; Kábinapek; Khabenapo; Khana; Kulanapan; Kulanapo; Venaambakaia; Venambakaiia; Yokaia; Pomo (Central); Yokaya -1533,Southern Pomo,,38.7048,-122.8971,sout2984,peq,Pomoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,peq,Russian River; Pomo; Southern; Gallinoméro; South Pomo -1534,Kashaya,,38.6603,-123.3045,kash1280,kju,Pomoan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kju,Southwestern Pomo; Southwest Pomo; Kashayn; Kashia -1536,Pawnee,,36.3372,-96.8032,pawn1254,paw,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,paw,Grand Pawnee; Republican Pawnee -1537,Patwin,,38.7608,-122.0354,patw1250,pwi,Wintuan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pwi, -1538,Paipai,,31.6568061,-115.8281493,paip1241,ppi,Cochimi-Yuman,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ppi; paip1241,Pai'pai; Akwa'ala; Cuñeil -1565,Aguaruna,,-4.3464,-77.8271,agua1253,agr,Chicham family (Jivaroan),vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agr,Aguajun; Ahuajun; Awaruna; Awahun; Awajún; Aguaruna; Aents -1566,Wayoró,,-12.0178,-64.7534,wayo1238,wyr,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wyr,Ayurú; Wayurú; Ajurú; Uaiora; Wajaru; Wayru; Uaioró; Ajuru -1567,Akuntsú,,-10.9,-63.6,akun1241,aqz,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aqz,Akunsu; Akunts'u -1568,Akuriyo,,2.8442,-55.7556,akur1238,ako,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ako,Tiriyometesem; Triometesen; Akurio; Akoerio; Akuri; Akurijo; Akuliyo; Oyaricoulet; Triometesem; Wama; Wayaricuri -1570,Anambé of Cairarí,,-2.592,-49.483,anam1249,aan,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aan,Anambé -1571,Andoa,,-2.6796,-76.2011,ando1255,anb,Zaparoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,anb,Andoa; Gae; Siaviri; Semigae; Shimigae; Gaye; Arabela-Andoa -1572,Angaité,,-21.937968,-59.958687,anga1316,aqt,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aqt,Angaite; Enenlhet; Enlit; Nempayvvoma -1573,Paraujano,,11.022,-71.7352,para1316,pbg,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pbg,Parauhano; Parahujano; Parujano; Anyú; Añú; Añún -1574,Lapachu,,3.606694,-67.909347,apol1242,,Arawakan,dormant,LINGUIST List,qa6,Apolista; Lapacho; Aguachile -1575,Chokri Naga,,25.6666666667,94.5,chok1243,nri,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nri,Chokri; Eastern Angami; Chakrima Naga; Chakru; Chakhesang; Angami; Naga; Angami; Naga; Charkrima; Tśakrima; Chakrimā; Naga; Chokri -1577,Ashing,,29.010278,94.901944,ashi1243,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-ash, -1578,Ashkun,,34.9973,71.0746,ashk1246,ask,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ask,Ashkund; Ashkuni; Wamayi; Wamai; Askun -1579,Asuri,,22.4719,84.9023,asur1254,asr,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,asr,Ashree; Asura; Assur; Maleta; Mundari; Mundari-Ho; Asur -1580,Belhariya,,26.95,87.3,belh1239,byw,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,byw,Belhare; Athpariya; Athpahariya; Athpare; Athpagari; Belhariye -1581,Atong (Cameroon),,6.044967,9.748787,aton1242,ato,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ato,Etoh -1582,Atong (India),,25.2844,91.1755,aton1241,aot,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aot,A'tong -1584,Baghati,,31.194,77.0471,bagh1249,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,bfz-bag, -1586,Bahing,,27.3126,86.5571,bahi1252,bhj,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bhj,Bhojpuri; Khaling; Rai; Bāhing; Baying; Bayung; Kiranti-Bayung -1588,Bangani,,29.8692,79.0686,bang1335,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,gbm-ban, -1590,Bantawa,,27.0994,87.0048,bant1281,bap,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bap,Kiranti; Rai; Bantawa Rai; Bantaba; Bontawa; Bantawa Yüng; Bantawa Yong; Bantawa Dum; Rungchenbung; Rungchengbung; Rungchhenbung; Rungtśhenbung -1591,Baram,,28.041,84.629,bara1357,brd,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,brd,Barhamu; Brahmu; Bhramu; Bramu; Bhrāmu; Baraamu; Baramu; Bhra:mu; Ba:rhmu; Balbang -1592,Bartangi,,37.927045,71.594603,bart1238,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-bar,Bartang -1593,Kalami,,35.525178,72.586697,kala1373,gwc,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwc,Baškarīk; Gāwrī; Gārwī; Dīrī; Bashkarik; Garwi; Gawri; Gowri; Garwa; Gaawro; Kalami Kohistani; Kohistani; Kohistana; Bashgharik; Dir Kohistani; Diri; Dirwali; Dardu -1595,Baṭḥari,,17.45,53.12,bath1244,bhm,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bhm,Boṭaḥārī; Bathari; Bautahari; Botahari; Bathara; Batahari -1596,Bawm Chin,,22.1874,92.6477,bawm1236,bgr,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bgr,Bawm; Banjogi; Bawng; Bawn; Bom; Chin (Bawm); Chin; Bawm -1597,Bellari,,11.6952,76.4648,bell1261,brw,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,brw, -1598,Bhadrawahi,,33.8886,76.3,bhad1241,bhd,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bhd,Bradrawah; Baderwali; Badrohi; Bhaderbhai Jamu; Bhaderwali Pahari; Bhadrava; Bhadri; Bahi; Bhadarwahi -1599,Bhalesi,,33.3947,76.1352,bhal1244,,,,LINGUIST List,bhd-bha, -1601,Bhumij,,22.552,85.804,bhum1234,,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,LINGUIST List,unr-bhu,Sadar Bhumij; Bhumij Munda; Bhumij Thar; Bhumiɟ -1602,Birhor,,21.7594,85.935,birh1242,biy,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,biy,Birhar; Bīrhaṛ; Bihor; Birhore; Mankidi; Mankidia; Birhɔɽ; Mundari; Mundari-Ho -1604,Bokar,,28.8735,94.3807,boka1249,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-bok,Boga'er Luoba; 崩尼-博嘎爾语 -1607,Bori,,28.9889,94.4439,bori1245,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-bor, -1609,Brokkat,,27.5618,90.6152,brok1249,bro,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bro,Brokskad; Jokay -1610,Brokpake,,27.3766,91.9981,brok1248,sgt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgt,Mira Sagtengpa; Dakpa; Brokpa; Dap; Mera Sagtengpa; Sagtengpa; Meragsagstengkha; Jobikha; Drokpakay; Damilo -1612,Gahri,,32.7503,76.2451,gahr1239,bfu,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bfu,Ghara; Lahuli of Bunan; Boonan; Punan; Poonan; Erankad; Keylong Boli; Bunan; Lahul; Gari; Bunán -1613,Purik,,34.6666666667,76.0,puri1258,prx,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,prx,Purigskad; Burig; Purig; Purki; Purik Bhotia; Burigskat; Bhōṭiā of Purik -1614,Burushaski,,36.218067,74.822003,buru1296,bsk,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsk,Mishaski; Brushaski; Burushaki; Burucaki; Burushki; Burucaski; Biltum; Khajuna; Kunjut -1616,Byangsi,,30.0595,80.7824,byan1241,bee,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bee,Byangkho Lwo; Byasi; Byanshi; Byansi; Bhotia; Byangkhopa; Jaba; Saukas; Shaukas; Rang; Byāngsī -1617,Chambeali,,32.9072,76.5307,cham1307,cdh,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cdh,Chameali; Chamaya; Chambiali; Chambiyali; Chamiyali Pahari; Chamya; Cameali -1618,Chalikha,,27.301,91.2991,chal1267,tgf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tgf,Chali; Tshali; Chalipkha; Tshalingpa; Chali Kha -1619,Camling,,27.0,86.6666666667,caml1239,rab,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rab,Rai; Rodong; Chamling; Chamlinge Rai; Rōdōng; Chāmbling -1620,Chantyal,,28.4493,83.4054,chan1310,chx,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,chx,Chentel; Chantel; Chhantel -1621,Limbu,,27.096,87.7356,limb1266,lif,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lif,Yakthung Pan; Limbo; Lumbu; Tsong; Chang; Monpa; Subah; Suffah. Yakthūngbā -1622,Chepang,,27.7552,84.8144,chep1245,cdm,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cdm,Tsepang; Chēpāng; Tśepang -1623,Chhintange,,26.9367,87.1991,chhi1245,ctn,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctn,Chhintange; Teli; Chintang Rûng; Chintang -1624,Chiru,,24.8,93.6,chir1283,cdf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cdf; chir1283,Chhori; Tśiru; Rem; Riem; चीरू‎ (Cīrū); Riemchawng [remcɔŋ] -1626,Chocangacakha,,27.4107,91.2277,choc1275,cgk,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cgk,Maphekha; Rtsamangpa'ikha; Tsagkaglingpa'ikha; Kursmadkha -1627,Chorei,,25.0,93.0,,,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,cfm-cho, -1628,Churahi,,33.1835,76.5747,chur1258,cdj,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cdj,Churahi Pahari; Chaurahi; Churai Pahari -1629,Zuruahã,,-6.8828,-66.9726,suru1263,swx,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,swx,Suruahá; Sorowahá; Suruwahá; Indios do Coxodoá; Zuruahá -1630,Zoró,,-10.173,-59.456,zoro1244,,Tupian,endangered,LINGUIST List,gvo-zor,Zoró; Panginey; Cabeça Seca; Pageyn -1632,Zo'é,,-0.089888,-55.785014,zoee1240,pto,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pto; zoee1240,Zoé; Jo'é; Buré; Poturu; Poturujara; Putur; Tupí of Cuminapanema -1634,Yuracaré,,-16.6888,-65.4345,yura1255,yuz,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuz,Yurakaré; Yurucar; Yuracar; Yurujure; Cuchi; Enete -1635,Yucuna,,-0.75,-71.0,yucu1253,ycn,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ycn,Chucuna; Matapi; Yukuna; Matapí; Jukuna -1636,Piro,,-11.4584,-73.0261,yine1238,pib,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pib,Yine; Chontaquiro; Simirinch; Manitereni; Maxineri; Piro; Pirro; Pira; Simirinche; Simiranch; Contaquiro -1637,Yekuana,,4.8501,-64.5117,maqu1238,mch,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,mch,Ye'kuana; Yecuana; Ye'cuana' Maquiritare; Maquiritari; Maiongong; Pawana; Pauana; Soto; Makiritare; Cunuana; De'cuana -1639,Yawalapití,,-12.1702,-53.3365,yawa1261,yaw,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yaw,Jaulapiti; Yaulapiti; Yawalpití -1640,Yavitero,,2.800281,-68.084219,yavi1244,yvt,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yvt,Paraene; Yavitano -1641,Yahuna,,0.174089,-70.464358,yahu1241,ynu,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ynu,Yaúna; Yayuna; Yauna; Jaúna -1642,Yaté,,-7.0136,-37.0458,fuln1247,fun,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,fun,Fulnio; Fulino; Fulnió; Furniô; Carnijó; Fornió; Iatê; Yatê; Fórnio; Iaté; Yathé -1644,Yaruro,,7.0,-68.0,pume1238,yae,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yae,Jaruro; Pumé; Llaruro; Yaruru; Yuapín -1646,Amuesha,,-10.3743,-75.2343,yane1238,ame,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ame,Amuexa; Yanesha'; Amoesha; Yanesha; Amuese; Amueixa; Amoishe; Amagues; Amage; Omage; Amajo; Lorenzo; Amuetamo; Amaje -1647,Yagan,,-55.0028,-67.4615,yama1264,yag,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,yag,Yahgan; Yaghan; Yamana; Yámana; Yamaná; Tequenica; Yapoo; Yagán; Háusi Kúta -1648,Yagua,,-3.3598,-72.3779,yagu1244,yad,Yaguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,yad,Nijyamïï Nikyejaada; Yahua; Llagua; Yava; Yegua; Yihamwo; Nijyamïï; Nikyejaada; Mishara; Yawa -1649,Yawarana,,5.3863,-66.0058,yaba1248,yar,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yar,Yabarana; Yavarana; Yauarana; Mapoyo-Yavarana -1650,Xokleng,,-26.5522,-49.0779,xokl1240,xok,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,xok,Aweikoma; Botocudo; Bugre; Shocleng; Chocleng; Shokleng -1651,Xetá,,-23.2867,-53.3935,xeta1241,xet,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xet,Aré; Sheta; Cheta; Šetá; Shetá; Heta; Notobotocudo; Chetá; Setá; Ssetá; Yvaparé; Botocudo -1652,Xerente,,-9.3356,-48.2227,xere1240,xer,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,xer,Xerénte; Sherenté; Xerenti; Sherente -1653,Xavante,,-14.4832,-53.5305,xava1240,xav,Jean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xav,Chavante; Xavánte; A'uwe Uptabi; Akuên; Akwen; A'we; Shavante; Crisca; Pusciti; Tapacua -1654,Karajá,,-7.1717,-49.1583,kara1500,kpj,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpj,Karajá-Xambioá; Karaho; Caraja; Karaja; Xambioá; Chamboa; Ynã; Karaja-Shambioá; Javaé; Karajá language area -1666,Mikasuki,,26.3202,-80.9877,mika1239,mik,Muskogean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mik,Hitchiti; Mikasuki Seminole; Miccosukee; Hitchiti-Mikasuki; Mikasuki Cluster -1667,Mojave,,34.0231,-114.5045,moha1256,mov,Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mov,Mohave; Amaquaqua; Jamajab -1668,Mohawk,,42.9116,-74.5587,moha1258,moh,Iroquoian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,moh; moha1258,Kanienʼkéha; Kanien'kehaka -1672,Arikara,,47.648,-101.8327,arik1262,ari,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ari,Ree; Ricara; Arikari; Arikaris; Arikaree; Ris -1673,Attikamek,,47.2104,-74.3827,atik1240,atj,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atj,Cree; Atikamekw; Tête de Boule; Attimewk; Atihkamekw; Atikamek; Attikamekw -1674,Witsuwit'en,,54.2395,-125.7621,babi1235,bcr,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bcr,Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en; Witsuwit'en-Babine; Witsuwit'en; Wet'suwet'en; Northern Carrier; Babine-Witsuwit'en; Babine; Babine Carrier; Bulkley Valley Language; Lakes District Language; Nedut'en (variety); Nadot'en; Nat'oot'en; Lake Babine -1675,Bearlake,,65.2161,-123.4362,bear1241,,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,LINGUIST List,scs-bea,Bearlake Slavey; Bear Lake; North Slavey -1676,Nuxalk,,52.49,-126.47,bell1243,blc,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,blc,Bella Coola; Bellacoola; nuxalk; Nass -1677,Niitsipowahsin,,48.5699,-113.0918,siks1238,bla,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bla,Blackfoot; Piikani; Pikuni; Blackfeet; Siksika; Siksika Cluster; Niitsi'powahsin; ᓱᖽᐧᖿ; ブラックフット語 -1678,Caddo,,35.0985,-98.2603,cadd1256,cad,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cad,Kadohadacho; Petit Caddo; Upper Nasoni; Nanatsaho; Kado; Caddoe -1679,Cahuilla,,33.5404,-116.7436,cahu1264,chl,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,chl, -1680,Dakelh (Carrier),,53.75,-123.5,,,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,,crx; caf,ᑕᗸᒡ; Carrier; les Porteurs; Takulie; Takelne; Dakelhne; Central Carrier; Upper Carrier; Nagailer; Taculli -1681,Catawba,,35.5,-80.5,cata1286,chc,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,chc,Catawaba -1682,Cayuga,,43.019,-80.1506,cayu1261,cay,Iroquoian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cay, -1683,Central Siberian Yupik,,63.7444,-171.7242,cent2128,ess,Eskimo-Aleut,threatened,ISO 639-3,ess,St. Lawrence Island Yupik; Bering Strait Yupik; чаплинский язык; Yoit; Yuk; Yuit; Siberian Yupik; Asiatic Yupik; Chaplinsk; シベリア・ユピック語 -1684,ᏣᎳᎩ (Cherokee),,35.113,-84.0588,cher1273,chr,Iroquoian,threatened,ISO 639-3,chr,Iroquois; Tsalagi; Tslagi; Rickohockan; Rechahecrian; Southern Iroquoian; ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ; チェロキー語 -1685,Cheyenne,,45.5495,-106.5263,chey1247,chy,Algic,endangered,ISO 639-3,chy, -1686,Chickasaw,,34.6,-96.8161,chic1270,cic,Muskogean,endangered,ISO 639-3,cic,Chicasa -1687,Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin),,52.031,-123.1678,chil1280,clc,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clc,Chilcotin; Tinneh; Tsilhqot'in; Tzilkotin -1689,Dënesųłiné,,56.4807,-109.4127,chip1261,chp,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,chp,Chipewyan; Montagnais; Dene Suline; Dëne Súline; Sluacus-tinneh; Dene Soun'line -1691,Chiwere,,40.5,-96.0,iowa1245,iow,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,iow,Oto; Iowa-Oto -1692,Choctaw,,31.6822,-92.1252,choc1276,cho,Muskogean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cho, -1693,Coast Miwok,,38.3333333333,-123.0,coas1301,csi,Utian,dormant,ISO 639-3,csi,Costal Miwok; Miwok (Bodega); Miwok (Coast); Miwok; Coast; Bollanos -1694,Cocopah,,32.3333333333,-115.0,coco1261,coc,Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,coc,Cocopá; Cocopa; Cucupá; Cocopa; Kwikapá; Kikimá; Delta River Yuman; Cocapa; Kikima; Cucapá -1695,Coeur d'Alene,,43.3433,-116.8873,coeu1236,crd,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,crd,Snchitsu'umshtsn; snčícuʔumšcn; Skitswish -1696,Columbian,,48.1764,-119.0523,colu1241,col,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,col,Nxaʔamxcín; Columbia-Wenatchi; Wenatchi-Columbia; Moses-Columbia; Columbia; Moses Columbian; Moses-Columbian; Middle Columbia Cluster; Chelan; Moses-Colombia Salish; Wenatchee -1705,Arapaso,,0.0,-66.0,arap1275,arj,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,arj,Arapaço; Araspaso; Koneá; Arapasso -1708,Lokono,,5.6487,-55.1074,araw1276,arw,Arawakan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,arw,Arawak; Arawák; Aruak; Arowak; Locono; Arwuak -1710,Pemón,,5.1347,-61.853,pemo1248,aoc,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aoc,Pemong; Pemon; Taulipang; Taurepang; Kamarakóto -1714,Naukan Yupik,,66.0166,-169.7166,nauk1242,ynk,Eskimo-Aleut,endangered,ISO 639-3,ynk,Naukanski; East Cape Yupik; East Cape; Науканский язык; нывуӄаӷмит; ナウカン語 -1715,Nez Perce,,46.4347,-116.8268,nezp1238,nez,Sahaptian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nez,Shahaptan; Chopunnish; Nimipu; Numipu; Nuumiipuutimt; Nuumiipuutímt -1716,Diitiidʔaatx̣ (Nitinat),,48.73,-124.75,diti1235,dtd,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dtd,Ditidaht; Nitinat; Nitinaht -1717,Nuuchahnulth (Nootka),,49.2818,-126.0627,nuuc1236,nuk,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nuk,Nuu-chah-nulth; Nootka; Nootkans; Aht; Nuuchahnulth; Nuučaan̓uɫ; Nutka; West Coast; T'aat'aaqsapa; Nuučaan̓uɫ; Quuquu'aca -1718,Asháninka,,-10.733,-73.75,asha1243,cni,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cni,Asháninga; Campa (Axininca); Asháninca; Ashaninca; Asháninka; Campa -1720,Asuriní do Tocantins,,-3.5,-50.0,toca1235,asu,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,asu,Asuriní; Assuriní; Assuriní do Tocantins; Asuriní do Trocará; Akwaya; Akuawa; Parakaná; Asurí; Mudjetire; Suru do Tocantins; Asurini; Tocantins Asuriní; Assurini; Asuriní do Tocantins; Akwáwa; Asurini; Tocantins -1721,Simba Guaraní,,-20.1694,-63.8525,west2640,gnw,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnw,Simba Guaraní; Western Bolivian Guaraní; Chiriguano; Ava; GuaraSimba -1728,Botlikh,,42.3917,46.1351,botl1242,bph,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bph; botl1242,Botlix; Bujxałi mic’c’i; ботлихский язык; буйхалъи мицIцIи; буйхaдалъи мицIцIи; ბოთლიხური ენა -1730,Chukchi,,67.6248,176.1767,chuk1273,ckt,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ckt,Luoravetlan; Chukchee; чукотский язык; Ԓыгъоравэтԓьэн йиԓыйиԓ; Lyg'oravetl'en jilyjil; луораветланский язык; Sprache der Tschuktschen; Chuchee; Chukcha; tšuktšin kieli; tchouktche -1731,Matís,,-6.1405,-70.664,mati1255,mpq,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpq,Matis; Mayoruna-Matsés -1732,Matsés,,-5.283333,-73.15,,,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,,mcf; pig,Mayoruna; Matse; Matís; Majoruna; Matsés; Maxuruna; Majuruna; Mayiruna; Maxirona; Magirona; Mayuzuna; Majoruna-Matsés -1733,Culina,,-9.6224,-70.7958,culi1244,cul,Arawan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cul,Culino; Culiña; Culinha; Kulino; Cuniba; Curina; Madiha; Kulína; Madihá; Madija; Corina; Kulina; Kulyna; Kurina; Kollina; Korina -1734,Kulina,,5.283333,-73.15,kuli1255,xpk,Pano-Tacanan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xpk,Culina; Culino; Kulino -1735,Demushbo,,-5.283333,-73.15,demu1235,,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,LINGUIST List,1at,Dëmushbo -1736,Chulym,,57.3354,88.1542,chul1246,clw,Turkic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clw,Chulym Tatar; Chulim; Ös til; Ӧс тили; Чулым; июс тили; татар тили; Chulym-Turkish; Chulym Turkic; Ostiaki; чулымский язык; чулым татар теле; Çulımca; Çulım tili; Çulım Tatar tili; Çulım Türkçesi; Küerik; Tchoulyme; Tšulymin kieli -1739,Krymchak,,43.9414,28.3062,krym1236,jct,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jct,Judeo-Crimean Tatar; Krimchak; крымчакский язык; кърымчах тыльы; Kırımçakça; кримчацька мова; кырымчак тележ Judeo-Crimean Turkish -1740,Ofayé,,-21.361,-52.0532,ofay1240,opy,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,opy,Guachi; Opaie; Opaié-Shavante; Ofaié-Xavante; Opaye-Chavante; Opaye; Opayé; Ofayé-Xavante; Ofaié -1741,Orowari,,-11.6683,-65.1379,orow1243,orw,Chapacuran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,orw,Oro Win; Pakaás-novos; Pacasnovas; Pacaha-novo; Uariwayo; Uomo; Jaru; Oro Wari -1743,Lakon,,-14.251,167.422,lako1245,lkn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lkn,Lakona; Gaua; Gog; Vure; Vurē; Banks-Inseln -1744,Southern Tujia,,28.258,109.9398,sout2739,tjs,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tjs,Tuchia; Tujia; Tujia; Southern; Mozi; 土家語; 南部土家語 -1745,Vurës,,-13.874,167.5415,vure1239,msn,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,msn,Mosina; Mosin; Banks-Inseln -1747,Helong,,-10.1905,123.5247,helo1243,heg,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,heg; helo1243,Helon; Semau; Kupang; Kupong -1748,Maliseet-Passamaquoddy,,44.9572,-67.0496,male1292,pqm,Algic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pqm,Passamaquoddy-Maliseet; Malecite-Passamaquoddy; Pennacook; Maliseet; Malecite Cluster -1749,Eastern Chatino,,16.1333,-97.35,zaca1242,ctz,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctz,Chatino; Zacatepec; Chatino de San Marcos Zacatepec -1751,Middle Chulym,,57.734218,83.82431,midd1324,,Turkic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,clw-mid,Melets Tatar; Chulim; Ös til; Küerik -1752,Baicoca-Siecoca,,-0.5712,-74.8828,,,Tucanoan,threatened,,snn; sey,Bain Coca; Sieko Coca; Siona; Sioni; Pioje; Pioche-Sioni; Ganteyabain; Ganteya; Ceona; Zeona; Koka; Kanú; Kokakañú; Pai Coca; Secoya; Sekoya; Airo Pãi -1753,Caac,,-20.225,164.3545,caac1237,msq,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,msq; caac1237,Moenebeng; Neukaledonien; Caawac; Mwelebeng -1754,Noon,,14.8173,-16.5234,noon1242,snf,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,snf,None; Non; Serer-Noon; Serer-Non -1755,Michif,,52.0,-100.166666667,mich1243,crg,Mixed Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,crg,French Cree; Mitchif; aan krii; Métchif; Mitif; Cree; Turtle Mountain Chippewa Cree -1757,Ririo,,-6.91,156.9671,riri1237,rri,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rri, -1758,Papapana,,-5.8974,155.2505,papa1265,ppn,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppn, -1759,Emplawas,,-8.0374,129.7375,empl1237,emw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,emw, -1760,Enggano,,-5.41666666667,102.25,engg1245,eno,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,eno,Engganese -1761,Erokwanas,,-2.8113,132.6708,erok1237,erw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,erw, -1762,Fayu,,-3.1,136.8,fayu1238,fau,Lakes Plain,threatened,ISO 639-3,fau,Sehudate -1763,Abinomn,,-2.92,138.89,abin1243,bsa,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bsa; abin1243,Avinomen; Baso; Foya; Foja -1764,Gebe,,-0.1922,129.5397,gebe1237,gei,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,gei; gebe1237,Gebi -1765,Gorap,,2.1528,128.2516,gora1261,goq,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,goq, -1766,Habu,,-8.7819,126.0021,habu1241,hbu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,hbu; habu1241,Kairui -1786,Hoti,,-3.0143,130.3692,hoti1237,hti,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,hti; hoti1237, -1787,Hukumina,,-3.1514,126.2713,huku1237,huw,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,huw,Bambaa -1788,Hulung,,-2.8614,128.5606,hulu1246,huk,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,huk; hulu1246, -1789,Ibu,,1.5269,127.5265,ibuu1240,ibu,West Papuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ibu; ibuu1240, -1790,Yerisiam,,-3.6011,135.1428,ires1239,ire,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ire; ires1239,Beduba; Yeresiam; Iresim -1791,Bakairí,,-14.4213,-54.0305,baka1277,bkq,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,bkq,Bakairi; Kura; Bacairí; Kurâ -1792,Banawá,,-5.628,-63.183,bana1307,,Arawan,endangered,LINGUIST List,jaa-kit,Banawá Yafí; Baniwá-Jafí -1806,Isirawa,,-1.83333333333,138.5,isir1237,srl,Tor-Kwerba,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,srl; isir1237,Saberi; Saweri; Okwasar; Sawuri-Hablifuri -1807,Itik,,-2.3181,139.148,itik1240,itx,Tor-Orya,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,itx; itik1240,Ittik; Betef; Ittik-Tor; Borto -1808,Javindo,,-6.966,110.4166,javi1237,jvd,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jvd,Krontjong -1809,Kadai,,-1.7465,125.2606,kada1286,kzd,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzd; kada1286, -1810,Kaibobo,,-3.1843,128.1829,kaib1244,kzb,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzb; kaib1244,Kaibubu -1811,Kaiep,,-3.6666,143.8166,,,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kbw; trb,Samap; Sumup; Terebu; Terepu; Turupu -1812,Kairui-Midiki,,-8.7222,126.2878,kair1265,krd,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,krd; kair1265,Cairui; Midiki -1813,Kaiy,,-2.943,138.1777,kaiy1239,tcq,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tcq; kaiy1239,Taori-Kei; Taori-Kaiy; Kai; Todi -1814,Kalao,,-7.3134,121.0034,kala1394,kly,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kly; kala1394,Kalaotoa; Lambego -1815,Kamarian,,-3.4366,128.5345,kama1362,kzx,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzx; kama1362,Kamariang; Seruawan -182,Tegali,,12.060869,31.560233,tega1236,ras,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ras,Orig; Tagale; Tegele; Tekele; Togole -1825,Western Mari,,57.0,58.0,west2392,mrj,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mrj,Hill Mari; Cheremis; High Mari; Hill Cheremis; кырык мары; горномарийский язык; vuorimari; Western Cheremis; Tscheremissisch; westliches Mundartgebiet; Bergtscheremissisch; Cheremissian; tchérémisse; marijcy; Gorno-Mariy; marij jylme; marijskij jazyk; gornomarijskij jazyk; Bergčeremissisch; Szeremissi; Cheremiss -1845,Baure,,-13.1008,-64.5007,baur1253,brg,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,brg,Bauré; Chiquimiti -1846,Cashinahua,,-10.3581,-71.5869,cash1254,cbs,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbs,Kashinawa; Kaxinawa; Tuxinawa; Caxinawa; Kashinawa Kaxinawá; Kaxinawá; Kaxynawa; Caxinawá; Cashinahuá; Kaxinauá; Kaxinaua; Hãtxa Kuĩ (Huni Kuin) -1847,Mocoví,,-28.0,-60.5,moco1246,moc,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,moc,Mocovi; Mocobí; Mbocobí; Mokoví -1849,Vilela,,-26.9808,-59.6777,vile1241,vil,Lule-Vilela,dormant,ISO 639-3,vil, -1850,Wichí,,-22.5,-62.5833333333,,,Matacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mzh; wlv; mtp,Mataco; Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay; Mataco Güisnay; Mataco Pilcomayo; Matako; Wichí; Pilcomayo Wichí -1851,Mawé,,-3.8642,-56.7773,sate1243,mav,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mav,Sateré-Mawé; Maué; Mabue; Maragua; Sataré; Andira; Arapium; Maue; Andirá; Sateré; Mawé-Sateré -1852,Kuikuro,,-12.35,-53.21,,,Cariban,threatened,,kui; mzo,Língua Karib do Alto Xingu; Kuikúro-Kalapálo; Kuikuru; Guicurú; Kurkuro; Cuicutl; Apalakiri; Apalaquiri; Kuikúru; Kalapalo; Calapalu; Amonap; Matipu; Kuikuro; Southern Xingu Language -1853,Movima,,-13.7954,-65.4345,movi1243,mzp,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzp,Mobima; Móvima; Móbima; Moyma; Movime -1854,Bora,,-1.5818,-70.5651,bora1263,boa,Boran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,boa,Imihita; Miranya; Boro; Meamuyna; Miriña; Miranha; Bora-Miranya -1855,Ocaina,,-2.8552,-71.9824,ocai1244,oca,Witotoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oca,Okaina -1856,Rongga,,-8.821,120.797,rong1269,ror,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ror, -1857,Karko (Sudan),,11.860631,29.504951,kark1256,kko,Nubian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kko,Garko; Kithonirishe; Nubian (Hill); Ajang -1858,Murui Huitoto,,-1.0,-73.5,muru1274,huu,Witotoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,huu,Murui; Murui Witoto; Huitoto Murui; Bué; Bue; Murai; Witoto; Huitoto; Murui-Witoto -1859,Resígaro,,-2.41666666667,-71.5,resi1247,rgr,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rgr,Resigaro; Resígero -1860,Sumi Naga,,25.0,94.2025,sumi1235,nsm,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,nsm,Simi; Sema; Sumi; Naga (Sumi); Zumomi; Naga; Sumi -1862,Hupa,,41.7624,-123.7028,hupa1239,hup,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hup,Hoopa-Chilula; Hupa-Chilula-Whilkut; Hoopa -1863,Guernésiais,,49.4502,-2.5927,dger1238,,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-dge,Dgèrnésiais; Guernsey French; Guernésiais -1864,Baré,,1.428,-66.9287,bare1276,bae,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bae,Bare; Mitua; Barauna; Barawana; Barauana; Ihini; Arihini; Maldavaca; Cunipusana; Yavita; Ihini; Balé; Bale -1865,Jiba,,9.0587,11.2829,jiba1237,juo,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,juo,Kona; Jukun Kona; Jibi; Jibe; Jibə -1885,Nambya,,-18.363649,26.502354,namb1291,nmq,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmq,Chinambya; Nanzva; Nambzya; Najwa; Senajwa; Senambya -1886,Yeyi,,-19.4562,23.2031,yeyi1239,yey,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yey,Shiyeyi; Yeei; Yei; Ciyei; Koba; Kuba; Seyeyi; Seyei; Ceyei -1887,Kgalagadi,,-24.337087,22.14679,kgal1244,xkv,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkv,Khalagari; Khalakadi; Kxhalaxadi; Qhalaxarzi; Shekgalagadi; Sekgalagadi; Kgalagari; Qhalaxadi; Kalahari; Qalaqarzi; Kxalaxari; Kxhxlaxadi -1889,Kao,,1.1479,127.8204,kaoo1238,kax,West Papuan,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kax; kaoo1238,Kau; Ka'u -1890,Kapori,,-3.4,139.7,kapo1250,khp,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khp,Kapauri -1891,Kalamang,,-3.294,132.4153,kara1499,kgv,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kgv; kara1499,Karas Laut (Seaside Karas); Kalamang-mang -1892,Kayeli,,-3.39,127.1008,kaye1241,kzl,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzl; kaye1241,Kajeli; Cajeli; Caeli; Gaeli -1894,Kayupulau,,-2.5464,140.725,kayu1243,kzu,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kzu,Kajupulau -1895,Keijar,,-2.043,139.0979,kede1239,kdy,Tor-Kwerba,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kdy; kede1239,Keder -1897,Kembra,,-3.908,140.3942,kemb1250,xkw,Lepki-Murkim-Kembra,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xkw; kemb1250, -1899,Kodeoha,,-3.4147,120.9155,kode1237,vko,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,vko; kode1237,Kondeha; Kondea -1900,Kofei,,-2.3833,136.7907,kofe1239,kpi,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kpi; kofe1239, -1901,Koneraw,,-8.3854,137.9415,kone1241,kdw,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdw,Konorau -1902,Koroni,,-2.6412,121.9894,koro1311,xkq,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xkq; koro1311,Oengsongi -1905,Emmi,,-13.54,130.037,,,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmr; amy,Merranunggu; Warrgat; Maranungku; Maranunga; Maranuka; Marranungga; Maranunggo; Marinunggo; Marranunga; Maran-ungo; Marranj Warrgat; Marra Warrgat; Murununga; Maranunggu -1907,Maridan,,-14.184522,130.056992,mari1422,zmd,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmd,Marridan; Meradan; Maredan; Nordanimin; Murindan; Marrisyefin -1908,Maridjabin,,-13.866472,129.831508,mari1421,zmj,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmj,Marrityabin; Maretyabin; Maridyerbin; Maredyerbin; Marityabin; Maretyaben; Murintjabin; Ngangityaben; Tangural; Tanggural; Marisyabin; Marri Jabin; Marri Tjevin; Marrijebin; Marrisjefin; Marritjevin; Murindjabin; Murindzabin; Murintja-bin; Murintjaran -1909,Marimanindji,,-14.296972,130.184075,mari1417,zmm,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmm,Marrimanindji; Maramarandji; Maramanandji; Marimanindu; Murinmanindji; Marramaninjsji; Maramanindji; Marekaganda; Marramananjsji; Marramanenjsji; Marramaninyshi -1910,Marringarr,,-14.377208,130.262539,mari1419,zmt,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmt,Marenggar; Maringa; Marengar; Maringar; Merringar; Muringa; Mari'ngar; Ngangikadre; Marri Ngarr; Moil; Moyle; Muringar; Murrinnga; Yaghanin; Maringarr -1911,Matngele,,-13.940756,130.611972,madn1237,zml,Eastern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zml,Madngele; Matngala; Warat; Madngela; Maangella; Mandella; Muttangulla; Hermit Hill; Amadil; Muttangella; Matngelli; Madngella; Ngengiwerat; Madngala; Dakayu; Nginma; Weret; Werat; Malak Malak; Matngela -1912,Cocos Islands Malay,,-12.19,96.83,coco1260,coa,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,coa; coco1260,Kokos; Kukus -1913,Manda (Australia),,-13.6481,129.885,mand1416,zma,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zma,Manhthe -1914,Mangarrayi,,-14.34354907,133.3128743,mang1381,mpc,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mpc,Mangarayi; Mungerry; Mangarai; Manggarai; Mungarai; Ngarrabadji; Mangarei; Mungari -1915,Marra,,-15.0,135.5,mara1385,mec,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mec,Leelalwarra; Leelawarra; Mala; Maarra; Mara -1916,Northern Paiute,,43.0439,-112.4566,nort2954,pao,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pao,Paiute; Northern; Paviotso; Paiute (Northern); North Paiute; Paviotso-Bannock-Snake; Bannock -1917,Northern Straits Salish,,48.488,-122.6363,stra1244,str,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,str,SENĆOŦEN/Malchosen/Lekwungen/Semiahmoo/T’Sou-ke; Malchosen; Lekwungen; Semiahmoo; T'Sou-ke; Salish (Straits); Straits Salish; Straits; Songish; Lkungen -1918,Northern Tutchone,,62.8255,-136.5838,nort2941,ttm,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ttm,Tutchone; Tuchone; Tutchone (Northern); Tutchone; Northern; Selkirk -1919,Nsyilxcən,,50.3059,-119.3228,okan1243,oka,Salishan,endangered,ISO 639-3,oka,n̓səl̓̓xčin̓; Nsilxcín; Nsyilxcen; Nsyilxcn; Nsəlxcin; Nsilxcín; Okanagan-Colville; Okanagan; Colville-Okanagan; Okanagon; Okanogan; Okanagon Cluster; Okinagan -1920,Omaha-Ponca,,42.0817,-96.4855,omah1247,oma,Siouan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oma,Uman; Omaha; Mahairi; Ponka; Umanhan; Ppankka; Ponca -1921,Oneida,,43.0778,-75.6622,onei1249,one,Iroquoian,endangered,ISO 639-3,one, -1922,Onondaga,,43.1194,-80.1174,onon1246,ono,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ono,Onandaga; Onondoga -1923,Mi'kmaq,,42.3589,-71.0578,mikm1235,mic,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mic,Micmac; Mi'gmaq; Mi'gmaw; Mi'kmaw; Miigmao; Mi'kmaq; Restigouche; Mi'kmag -1924,Miami-Illinois,,36.8744,-94.8772,miam1252,mia,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,mia,Myaamia; Miami; Illinois; Miami-Myaamia; Peoria; Piankishaw; Miami Cluster; Wea -1925,Mescalero-Chiricahua,,33.1514,-105.7942,mesc1238,apm,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,apm,Chiricahua; Mescalero; Chiricahua-Mescalero; Mescalero Cluster; Mescalero-Chiricahua; Apache (Chiricahua); Apache (Mescalero-Chiricahua); Apache; Apache; Mescalero-Chiricahua; Eastern Apache -1926,Menominee,,44.9356,-88.6144,meno1252,mez,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mez,Menomini -1929,Maricopa,,33.3772,-112.1676,mari1440,mrc,Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mrc,Piipaash; Pee Posh; Cocomaricopa; Piipash -1930,Makah,,48.3658,-124.6118,maka1318,myh,Wakashan,awakening,ISO 639-3,myh,Kwe-Nee-Chee-Aht; Kweedishchaaht; Macaw -1932,Luiseño,,33.4622,-117.1269,luis1253,lui,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,lui,Chamtéela; Luiseño-Juaneño -1933,(Lower) Tanana,,64.605,-149.0625,lowe1425,taa,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,taa, -1935,St̓át̓imcets (Lillooet),,50.3326,-122.6789,lill1248,lil,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lil,Lillooet; St̓át̓imc; Statimc; Stl'atl'imx; Stl'atl'imc; Sƛ'aƛ'imxǝc; Stlatliumh; Slatlemuk; St'at'imcets; sƛ'ɛƛ'əmxcín; Statimcets -1937,Ktunaxa,,49.6467,-115.7372,kute1249,kut,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kut,Kootenai; Kutenai; Kootenay -1938,Wasco-Wishram,,44.2708,-121.2871,wasc1239,wac,Chinookan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wac,Kiksht; Wasco; Wishram; Upper Chinook; Columbia Chinook; Chinook (Upper); Upper Chinookan -1939,Koyukon,,66.3375,-151.1608,koyu1237,koy,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,koy,Denaakk'e; Ten'a -1947,Wayampí,,0.747,-52.8442,waya1270,oym,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,oym,Wayampi; Oiampí; Oyapí; Oyampí; Wayãpi; Wayapi; Wajapi; Oiumpian; Emérillon; Karipuna; Guayapi; Guaiapi; Wajapae; Waiãpi; Waiampi; Wayapae; Oyampík; Oyanpík; Wajapuku; Wayampi (Amapari)/Wayampi (Oiapoque); Aipi; Oyampi; Wajãpi; Wayampí language area -1948,Wayana,,2.7455,-54.58,waya1269,way,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,way,Northern Wayana; Oyana; Urukuyana; Upuruí; Ouayana; Wyandot; Oayana; Wajana; Uaiana; Oiana; Alukuyana; Upurui; Roucouyenne; Wayâna -1949,Waurá,,-12.2554,-53.5899,waur1244,wau,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wau,Waura; Uaurá; Aura; Waurá; Uaura; Uara; Mahinacu; Waurá-Meinaku -1950,Wari',,-11.7275,-65.0061,wari1268,pav,Chapacuran,threatened,ISO 639-3,pav,Yaru; Jaru; Ituarupa; Orowari; Pakaás-novos; Pacasnovas; Pacaha-novo; Uariwayo; Uomo; Oro Wari; Pakaasnovos; Jarú; Urup; Pacas Novas; Pacahanovo; Wari'; Pakasnovos; Pakaásnovos; Pakaanovas; Pacaas-Novos; Pakaanova; Wari -1951,Guarequena,,2.5479,-67.2802,guar1293,gae,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gae,Warekena; Arequena; Guarekena; Uerequema; Urequema; Warekéna; Werikena; Guarenquena; Warekena -1953,Warao,,9.33333333333,-61.6666666667,wara1303,wba,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wba,Guarao; Guasay; Warrau; Guarauno; Uarow; Araote; Tivativa; Warau; Guaruno; Waraw; Faraute -1954,Wapixana,,2.66666666667,-60.0,wapi1253,wap,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wap,Wapishana; Aruma; Upichana; Wapitxano; Vapidiana; Uapixana; Wapichan; Wapichana; Wapisana; Wapishiana; Wapishshiana; Wapitxana; Wapixiana; Wapixiána; Wapisiana -1955,Wanano,,1.0106,-69.6423,guan1269,gvc,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvc,Uanana; Ananas; Wanana; Wanâna; Wanano; Anana; Kótedia; Kótirya; Uanano; Kotiria; Guanano; Kotedia; Wanana-Pirá; Piratapuyo; Waikena; Kotiria; Wanana; Wanano-Piratapuyo -1956,Waimirí-Atroarí,,-1.0985,-60.8203,waim1253,atr,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,atr,Yawaperí; Atruahí; Atroarí; Atroahí; Krishaná; Atruahi; Atroaí; Atrowari; Ki'nya; Atroahy -1957,Uruewawau,,-11.6852,-63.6547,urue1240,urz,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urz,Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau; Uru-Eu-Uau-Uau; Eru-Eu-Wau-Wau; Kagwahiva; Wau Wau; Uruewawáu; Uru-eu-wau-wau; Uru-eu-uau-uau; Uruewauwau -1958,Candoshi,,-3.7107,-76.9042,cand1248,cbu,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbu,Candoxi; Candoši; Kandoshi; Murato; Maina; Candoshi-Shapra; Shapra; Roamaina; Kandozi-chapra; Chapra; Chapara -1959,Uru,,-16.75,-69.0,uruu1244,ure,Chipaya-Uru,dormant,ISO 639-3,ure,Uro; Morato; Muratu (Uru-Murato); Iru-Itu; Uru-Chipaya language area; Uru of Iru-Itu; Uchumataqu; Iru-Wit'u; Chholo -1960,Urarina,,-4.3464,-75.3002,urar1246,ura,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,ura,Simacu; Shimacu; Itukale; Itucali; Kachá; Itucale; Urariña; Oruarina; Shimaku -1961,Umutina,,-15.0425,-57.1026,umot1240,umo,Bororoan,awakening,ISO 639-3,umo,Umotína; Umutina; Barbados; Barbado -1965,Kofa,,8.917634,12.518005,kofa1236,kso,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kso,Kota; Gbwata; Batta; Demsa Bata; Gboati; Gbwate; Bete; Birsa; Dunu; Gwate; Dii; Muleng -1986,Duano',,0.133569,103.346883,duan1242,dup,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,dup,Duano; Orang Kuala; Desin Dola' -1987,Moken,,8.1953,98.3036,moke1242,mwt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwt,Selung; Mawken; Basing; Selong; Salong; Salon; Chau Ko'; Moklen -1988,Urak Lawoi',,8.0,98.3333333333,urak1238,urk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urk,Orak Lawoi'; Lawta; Chaw Talay; Chawnam; Lawoi -1989,Chru,,11.5,108.5,chru1239,cje,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,cje,Churu; Choru; Chu Ru; Chu; Cru; Kru; Chrau Hma; Cadoe Loang; Seyu -1990,Northern Roglai,,12.1666666667,108.833333333,nort2994,rog,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rog,Roglai (Northern); Radlai; Adlai; Rayglay; Ra-Glai; Rang Glai; Noang; La-Oang; Ríoglai; Roglai; Northern -1991,Southern Roglai,,12.249,109.195,sout3010,rgs,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rgs,Rai; Ríoglai; Roglai; Southern -1992,Tsat,,18.25,109.5,tsat1238,huq,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,huq,Utsat; Utset; Huihui; Hui; Hainan Cham; 回輝話; 占語 -2005,Comanche,,34.6086,-98.3904,coma1245,com,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,com, -2006,Éy7á7juuthem (Comox),,49.6795,-124.9542,como1259,coo,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,coo,Comox; Mainland Comox; Sliammon; Comox-Sliammon; Çatlotq; Comox Cluster; Comux -2007,Muskogee,,35.6319,-95.9616,cree1270,mus,Muskogean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mus,Creek; Northern Muskogean; Creek-Seminole; Maskoki Proper; Maskoke; Seminole -2008,Crow,,45.5963,-107.4613,crow1244,cro,Siouan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cro,Apsaalooke; Apsaroka; Apsaloka; Upsaroka; Absaruqe -2009,Cupeño,,33.1666666667,-116.5,cupe1243,cup,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,cup,Agua Caliente -201,Damal,,-4.2054,137.031,dama1272,uhn,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,uhn,Uhunduni; Amung; Amung Kal; Amungme; Amuy; Enggipiloe; Hamung; Oehoendoeni -2011,Abaga,,-6.12,145.66,abag1245,abg,Nuclear Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,abg; abag1245,Wagaba; Wagama; Vaga -2012,Amto,,-4.052936077,141.3284454,amto1250,amt,Amto-Musan,endangered,ISO 639-3,amt,Ki; Siwai; Siawi; Siafli -2013,Anuki,,-9.6522,149.7656,anuk1239,aui,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aui,Gabobora -2025,Anindilyakwa,,-13.939399,136.592789,anin1240,aoi,Gunwinyguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aoi,Amakurupa; Andilagwa; Andiljangwa; Andiljaugwa; Andiljaukwa; Andilyaugwa; Anindhilyakwa; Anindilyaugwa; Aninhdhilyagwa; Awarikpa; En Indiljaugwa; Enindhilyagwa; Enindiljaugwa; Eninhdhilyagwa; Groote Eylandt; Ingura; Lamadalpu; Wani-Ndiljaugwa; Wanindilyaugwa; Wanindilyaugwa Ingura; Warnindilyakwa -2026,Iquito,,-3.6449,-74.1577,iqui1243,iqu,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,iqu,Iquita; Ikito; Amacacore; Hamacore; Quiturran; Puca-Uma; Ikitu -2027,Jawoyn,,-14.17990999,132.5558136,djau1244,djn,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,djn,Adowen; Charmong; Chauan; Chau-an; Djauan; Djauun; Djauwung; Djawan; Djawanj; Djawin; Djawun; Djouan; Gundjawan; Jawan; Jawin; Jawony; Kumertuo; Tjauen; Tjawen; Tweinbol -2028,Cocama-Cocamilla,,-4.8282,-74.2565,coca1259,cod,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cod,Cocama; Kokama; Kukama-Kukamiria; Ucayali; Xibitoana; Huallaga; Pampadeque; Pandequebo; Xibitaona; Kokama-Kokamilya; Kokáma-Omágwa; Kukama Kukamiria; Cocama Cocamilla -2029,Qaqet,,-4.58333333333,152.0,qaqe1238,byx,East New Britain,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,byx; qaqe1238,Baining; Maqaqet; Kakat; Makakat; Neu-Pommern -2030,Awiakay,,-4.7,143.6,awia1234,,Arafundi,threatened,LINGUIST List,1j1,Arafundi -2031,Pingelapese,,6.13,161.42,ping1243,pif,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pif; ping1243,Pingelap; Pingilapese -2032,Kata Kolok,,-8.113,115.127,beng1239,bqy,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqy,Benkala Sign Language; Bengkala Sign Language; Balinese Sign Language -2034,Nar Phu,,28.6666666667,84.25,narp1239,npa,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,npa,Nar-Phu; Narpa -2046,Bumbita,,-3.6449,142.8002,bumb1241,aon,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aon,Bumbita Arapesh; Bambita Arapesh; But Arapesh; Weri -2047,Arawum,,-5.5093,145.8929,araw1272,awm,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,awm; araw1272, -2049,Mand,,-5.1292,144.7421,atem1241,ate,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ate,Atemble; Atemple-Apris; Atemple; Apris -2050,Xaad Kil (Haida),,53.2697,-131.9861,,,Isolate,critically endangered,,hdn; hax,Haida; K'iis Xaat'aay; Northern; Skidegate; Masset; Northern Haida; Haida (Northern); X̱aaydaa Kil -2051,Paunaka,,-16.770833,-61.454167,paun1241,pnk,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pnk,Paunaca; Pauna-Paikone; Pauna-Paicone; Paiconeca -2052,Lakota,,43.8333333333,-101.833333333,lako1247,lkt,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lkt,Lakhota; Lakȟótiyapi; Teton -2053,Mardin Sign Language,,37.322566,40.725635,mard1245,,Sign Language,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kz,Dilsizce; Eski Işaretler -2054,Enawené-Nawé,,-12.5223,-59.7656,enaw1238,unk,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,unk,Eneuene-Mare; Salumã -2055,Tol,,14.6666666667,-87.0,toll1241,jic,Jicaquean,endangered,ISO 639-3,jic,Eastern Jicaque; Tolpan; Jicaque; Xicaque; Western Tol; Cicaque; Hicaque; Ikake; Taguaca; Tauhca; Torrupan -2056,Longgu,,-9.75,160.666666667,long1395,lgu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lgu,Logu; Südliche Salomons-Inseln -2057,Ixcatec,,17.8493,-97.181,ixca1245,ixc,Otomanguean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ixc,Ixcateco; Ixcatec; Iskateko -2060,Pite Saami,,66.0447,17.8857,pite1240,sje,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sje,Arjeplog Saami; Pitesamisk; Pitesamiska; Piitimensaame; Пите-саамский язык; Bidumsámegiella; Pite Lapp -2061,Sholaga,,11.9848,77.143267,shol1240,sle,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sle,Kadu Sholigar; Sholiga; Sholigar; Solaga; Soliga; Soligar; Solanayakkans; Sholanayika -2062,Tundra Nenets,,67.033163,71.176756,nene1249,,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,yrk-tun,Tundra Yurak; Bol'shezemel'sk Nenets; tundranenetsi; тундровый ненецкий язык; nyenetsya' vada; Dialekt der Tundrajuraken; ненэцяʼ вада; нешанский язык; нещанский язык -2063,Inuit Sign Language,,62.8,-92.083,inui1247,iks,Sign Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,iks,Inuit Uukturausingit; IUR -2064,Mixed Great Andamanese,,12.21097,92.944672,mixe1288,gac,Great Andamanese,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gac,Present Great Andamanese; Jeru; Andamanese; Great Andamanese -2065,Waorani,,-1.1864,-76.6296,waor1240,auc,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,auc,Auishiri; Auca; Sabela; Huarani; Warani; Auixiri; Huaorani; Waodani; Huao; Wao; Wao Tededö -2066,Australian Sign Language,,-35.3075,149.124417,aust1271,asf,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,asf,Auslan -2086,Kelon,,-8.400314,124.420714,kelo1247,kyo,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,kyo,Kelong; Kalong; Klon -2087,Teiwa,,-8.267,124.207,teiw1235,twe,Timor-Alor-Pantar,endangered,ISO 639-3,twe,Tewa -2088,Huzhu,,36.7608,102.4255,huzh1238,,Mongolic,endangered,LINGUIST List,mjg-huz,Mongghul; Halchighol; Naringhol; Hu-tsu; Narin-guor; 互助土家語 -2089,Nese,,-15.922193,167.187713,nese1235,,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,08o,Matanvat -2090,Kodiak Russian Creole,,65.700241,-174.149151,kodi1252,,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hs, -2091,Ski:xs (Southern Tsimshian),,52.59,-128.53,sout2962,,Tsimshian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,tsi-sou,Sgüüxs; Sguxs; Old Klemtu; Klemtu; Sküüxs; Southern Tsimshian -2092,Han,,64.7837,-141.2172,hann1241,haa,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,haa,Han-Kutchin; Moosehide; Dawson; Hän -2093,Sajalong,,27.66,96.66,saja1240,sjl,,threatened,ISO 639-3,sjl,Miji; Dammai; Dhammai; Hruso A -2094,Kove,,-5.58333333333,149.666666667,kove1237,kvc,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kvc; kove1237,Kaliai-Kove; Kombe -21,Namuyi,,28.0727,101.9565,namu1246,nmy,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmy,Namuzi; 納木依; 納木義; 納木茲 -2105,Burarra,,-12.02334685,134.7195148,bura1267,bvr,Maningrida,endangered,ISO 639-3,bvr,Anbara; Anbarra; Barara; Barera; Baurera; Bawera; Burada; Burara; Bureda; Burera; Gidjingali; Gidjingaliya; Gujingalia; Gujalabiya; Gun-Guragone; Jikai; Tchikai; Gidjingaliya Gujingalia; Gunardba -2110,Cabiyarí,,0.1208,-71.1474,cabi1241,cbb,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbb,Cauyari; Caryari; Cabiuarí; Cauyarí; Kauyarí; Cuyare; Kawillary; Caviyari; Kaviyarí; Caviyarí; Kabiyarí -2111,Caquinte,,-11.146,-73.4765,caqu1242,cot,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cot,Kakinte; Campa; Atiri; Caquinte Campa; Poyenisati; Cachomashiri; Poyenisate -2113,Carabayo,,-1.6666,-70.3333,cara1245,cby,,,ISO 639-3,cby,Amazonas Macusa (pejorative) -2114,Kari'nja,,8.4941,-64.0942,gali1262,car,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,car,Kari'nya; Carib; Galibí; Galibi; Kalinya; Cariña; Caribe; Karínya; Kali'na; Kalihna; Maraworno; Marworno -2115,Carijona,,-1.2743,-70.1147,cari1279,cbd,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cbd,Hianácoto; Hianacoto; Jianácoto; Hianákoto; Hianacoto-Umaua; Karijona; Karihona; Carihona; Carijona; Carifuna; Kaliohona; Guaque; Huaque; Omagua; Umawa; Koto -2116,Cashibo,,-8.9393,-75.0915,cash1251,cbr,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbr,Cashibo-Cacataibo; Catcataibo; Kashibo; Caxibo; Cacibo; Cachibo; Cahivo; Managua; Hagueti; Kashibo-Kakataibo -2118,Bagupi,,-5.0454,145.5822,bagu1252,bpi,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpi, -2119,Bepour,,-4.586,145.4184,bepo1240,bie,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bie; bepo1240, -2120,Karian,,-4.9404,145.5303,bila1257,bql,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bql; bila1257,Karen; Bilakura; Banks-Inseln -2121,Boselewa,,-9.449,150.661,bose1237,bwf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bwf,Bosilewa; Bosalewa; Mwani'u -2122,Budibud,,-9.2973,153.6891,budi1249,btp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,btp,Nada -2123,Bukiyip,,-3.4256,143.0886,buki1249,ape,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ape,Mountain Arapesh; Kavu; Kawu; Bukiyúp; Arapesh -2124,Tuyuka,,0.5,-70.0833333333,tuyu1244,tue,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tue,Tuyuca; Dochkafuara; Tejuca -2127,Tuparí,,-12.0876,-62.4792,tupa1250,tpr,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpr,Tupari -2129,Tukano,,0.6921,-69.8291,tuca1252,tuo,Tucanoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tuo,Tucano; Tukána; Tukana; Takuna; Daxsea; Dasea; Ye'pâ-masa -2131,Tsafiki,,-0.25,-79.15,colo1256,cof,Barbacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cof,Colorado; Tsachila; Colima; Campaz; Tsáchela; Tsafiqui; Tsáfiki -2132,Trumai,,-11.8807,-53.6009,trum1247,tpy,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tpy,Trumaí; Tramalhy -2137,Trió,,2.1528,-56.3818,trio1238,tri,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,tri,Tiríyo; Tiriyó; Trio; Pianakoto; Tiriyo -2139,Toromona,,-12.711767,-68.248586,toro1255,tno,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,tno,Toromono -2140,Torá,,-6.6646,-61.4135,tora1263,trz,Chapacuran,dormant,ISO 639-3,trz,Tora; Toraz -2141,Enenlhet,,-21.5578,-58.0064,toba1268,tmf,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,tmf,Mascoy; Mascoi; Machicui; Toba-Maskoy; Emok; Toba-Emok; Toba of Paraguay; Quilyilhrayrom; Cabanatith; Enenlhet apayvoma -2143,Toba,,-25.958,-59.0625,toba1269,tob,Guaicuruan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tob,Qom; Toba Qom; Toba Sur; Namqom -2144,Unami,,40.0,-75.1666666667,unam1242,unm,Algic,dormant,ISO 639-3,unm,Oklahoma Delaware; Lenni-Lenape; Lenape; Tla Wilano; Unami Delaware -2145,Dengalu,,-7.0572,146.3598,deng1252,,Austronesian,endangered,LINGUIST List,ptp-den, -2146,Tinigua,,2.3833,-73.6413,tini1245,tit,Tiniguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tit,Tiniguan; Tiniwa; Tiniguas; Timigua -2147,Doga,,-9.64,149.84,doga1238,dgg,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dgg; doga1238,Magabara -2148,Tikuna,,-4.3464,-70.0048,ticu1245,tca,Tikuna-Yurí,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tca,Ticuna; Tucuna; Tukuna; Tukúna; Magüta -2150,Teushen,,-44.0,-69.0,teus1236,,Chonan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0qk,Tehuesh; Patagón; Teuéx; Teuesh; Teuesen; Chon -2151,Teteté,,-0.0109,-76.5966,tete1252,teb,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,teb,Eteteguaje; Tetete -2152,Namo,,-9.1834,141.8994,namo1246,mxw,Yam,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mxw; namo1246,Mari; Na; Dorro (formerly) -2153,Tipai,,32.6049,-116.4678,kumi1248,,Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,dih-tip,Tiipay (Jamul); Mexican Diegueño; Kamia -2154,Terena,,-20.2841,-55.4638,tere1279,ter,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ter,Tereno; Etelena; Terêna; Guaná; Chané; Kinikinao -2155,Tenharín,,-8.4071,-61.1499,tenh1241,pah,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pah,Tenharim; Tenharem; Tenharin; Tenharín; Parintintin -2157,Dumun,,-5.5421,146.0906,dumu1246,dui,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dui,Bai -2158,Tembé,,-2.6467,-46.7248,temb1276,tqb,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tqb,Tenetehára; Tenetehára; Timbé -2159,Dogrib,,62.8292,-115.9904,dogr1252,dgr,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,ISO 639-3,dgr,Thlingchadine; Tłı̨chǫ -2160,Tehuelche,,-51.5087,-70.3125,tehu1242,teh,Chonan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,teh,Tehuelche; Aoniken; Aonek'enk; Inaquen; Patagón; Aonek'enk; Chon; Gununa-Kena; Gününa Küna; Inaquean; Tsoneka; Tewelche -2161,Duwet,,-6.4763,146.8377,duwe1237,gve,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gve,Guwet; Guwot; Waing -2163,Taushiro,,-3.2502,-75.8935,taus1253,trr,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,trr,Pinche; Pinchi -2165,East Cree,,53.6916,-78.8011,nort1552,crl,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crl,Cree; East Cree; Northern East Cree; Northern James Bay Cree; Northern Eastern James Bay Cree; Montagnais-Naskapi -2166,Tatuyo,,0.416666666667,-70.5,tatu1247,tav,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tav,Oa; Tatuyo; Pamoa; Tatutapuyo; Juna; Tatu-tapuya; Karapaná; Karapano; Carapana-Tapuya; Mochda; Moxdoa; Mextã -2167,Tariana,,0.8349,-69.1918,tari1256,tae,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tae,Tariano; Tarîna; Taliáseri -2168,Tapirapé,,-10.6606,-50.4602,tapi1254,taf,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,taf,Tapi'irape -2174,Eel River Athabaskan,,40.188,-123.6477,wail1244,,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,LINGUIST List,qt8,Saiaz; Eel River Athapaskan -2175,Cavineña,,-12.3829,-66.7419,cavi1250,cav,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cav,Cavinena; Kavinenya -2176,Cayuvava,,-12.7903,-65.3247,cayu1262,cyb,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,cyb,Cayubaba; Cayuwaba; Kayuvava; Cavuhaba -2178,Chamicuro,,-5.5285,-75.5969,cham1318,ccc,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ccc,Chamikuro; Chamicura; Chamicolo; Chamekolo -2187,Cha'palaa,,0.9386,-79.0055,chac1249,cbi,Barbacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbi,Cha'palaachi; Chachi; Cayapa; Cha' Palaachi; Nigua; Kayapa; Cha'palaa -2188,Chayahuita,,-5.3425,-76.6955,chay1248,cbt,Cahuapanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cbt,Chayhuita; Chaui; Chawi; Chayawita; Tshaahui; Chayabita; Shayabit; Balsapuertino; Paranapura; Cahuapa; Balsopuertino; Tsaawí; Tschaahui; Kahuapana; Shawi -2205,Kibala,,-10.4355,14.5901,bolo1261,blv,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,blv; bolo1261,Bolo; Haka; Ipala; Kibala-Ngoya; Kimbundu de Kwanza Sul; Ngoya; Pala; Quibala -2206,Pongu,,10.0833333333,6.33333333333,pong1250,png,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,png,Pongo; Pangu; Arringeu; Tarya; Ri -2207,Dimbong,,4.85,11.1166667,dimb1238,dii,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dii,Bumbong; Kalong; Kaalong; Lakaalong; Mbong; Lambong; Bape; Palong -2209,Khunsari,,36.690497,49.392081,khun1255,kfm,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kfm; khun1255,Kuk; Khwanshari -2210,Kung,,6.5227,10.1074,kung1260,kfl,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfl, -2211,Tsez,,42.2376,45.8734,dido1241,ddo,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ddo,Dido; Cez; цезский язык; დიდოური ენა; цезйас мец; cezyas mec; цез мец; cez mec; Tsuntin; Didoi -2213,Dolgan,,71.3851,97.3388,dolg1241,dlg,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlg,Dulğan; Haka; долганский язык; дулҕан; Һака; долган тыла; һака тыла; Dolganca; Dolgane; Dolganische Sprache; 돌간어 -2214,Woi,,-1.66,135.556,woii1237,wbw,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbw, -2215,Kursav,,-5.657,145.5001,fait1240,faj,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,faj,Faita -2216,Taiap,,-4.1,144.5,taia1239,gpn,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gpn,East Parana; Guana; Chuala; Chana; Gapun -2217,Gweda,,-10.2284,150.4083,gwed1239,grw,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,grw,Garuwahi -2218,Gorovu,,-4.53,144.59,goro1261,grq,Lower Sepik-Ramu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,grq,Yerani; Gorova -2219,Guramalum,,-4.27,152.93,gura1254,grz,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,grz, -2220,Kaki Ae,,-8.0,145.833333333,kaki1249,tbd,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,tbd,Tate; Raepa Tati; Tati; Lorabada; Lou; Raepa-Tati -2221,Kamasa,,-6.95,146.2,kama1360,klp,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,klp, -2222,Kandas,,-4.4121,152.7868,kand1301,kqw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kqw,King -2223,Kaningra,,-4.5784,143.3612,kani1285,knr,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,knr,Kaningara -2224,Karore,,-6.1542,149.8205,karo1298,xkx,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,xkx, -2225,Kawacha,,-6.96,146.21,kawa1276,kcb,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kcb,Kawatsa -2226,Grass Koiari,,-9.5,147.333333333,gras1249,kbk,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbk,Koiari; Koiari (Grass); Koiari; Grass -2227,Koitabu,,-9.33333333333,147.083333333,koit1244,kqi,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqi,Koita -2228,Kowaki,,-4.63,145.41,kowa1245,xow,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xow, -2229,Kuot,,-3.0692,151.5234,kuot1243,kto,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kto,Panaras; Kuat; Neu-Pommern -2245,Bandial,,12.5317,-16.1553,band1340,bqj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqj,Banjaal; Banjal -2246,Laz,,41.2736,41.2646,lazz1240,lzz,South Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lzz, -2265,Laua,,-10.1824,149.2053,laua1245,luf,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,luf,Labu; Lauwa -2266,Likum,,-2.1651,146.6921,liku1243,lib,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lib,Admiralitäts-inseln -2267,Magori,,-10.0337,149.2272,mago1248,zgr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,zgr, -2268,Makolkol,,-4.8994,151.6827,mako1250,zmh,East New Britain,dormant,ISO 639-3,zmh,Neu-Pommern -2269,Malalamai,,-5.763899803,146.6495056,mala1489,mmt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmt,Bonga -2270,Mawak,,-4.5819,145.3079,mawa1266,mjj,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mjj, -2271,Mindiri,,-5.5517,146.1538,mind1255,mpn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpn, -2272,Moere,,-4.6038,145.437,moer1240,mvq,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mvq, -2273,Mosimo,,-4.9473,145.5551,mosi1248,mqv,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mqv, -2274,Murik,,-3.8368,144.2807,muri1260,mtf,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,mtf,Nor; Nor-Murik Lakes -2276,Musom,,-6.58333333333,147.0,muso1238,msu,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,msu,Misatik -2277,Mussau-Emira,,-1.45,149.616666667,muss1246,emi,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,emi,Emira-Mussau; Musau-Emira; Mussau; Musao -2278,Mwatebu,,-10.0202,151.0537,mwat1237,mwa,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwa, -2279,Kowiai,,-3.9437,134.0881,kowi1239,kwh,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kwh,Koiwai; Kaiwai; Kuiwai; Aiduma; Kayumerah; Kajumerah; Adi; Namatota; Namatote -2280,Mlap,,-2.5383,140.2061,mlap1238,kja,Nimboran,endangered,ISO 639-3,kja,Kwansu; Kwansu-Bonggrang; Kuangsu-Bonggrang; Kwangsu-Bonggrang; Kuangsu -2281,Kwerisa,,-2.9759,138.153,kwer1264,kkb,Lakes Plain,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkb,Taogwe -2282,Laiyolo,,-6.3862,120.4733,laiy1246,lji,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lji,Da'ang; Barang-Barang -2283,Legenyem,,-0.3186,130.7345,lege1241,lcc,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lcc,Laganyan -2284,Lemolang,,-2.6303,120.1849,lemo1243,ley,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ley,Baebunta -2285,Lengilu,,3.7327,115.8728,leng1260,lgi,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lgi, -2287,Liki,,-1.6202,138.738,liki1241,lio,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lio,Moar -2288,Lisela,,-3.2392,127.0239,lise1239,lcl,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lcl,Buru; North Buru; Li Enyorot; Liet Enjorot; Wayapo -2289,Lola,,-6.3316,134.8818,lola1248,lcd,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lcd,Aru -2290,Konkow,,39.467,-121.5155,nort2951,mjd,Maiduan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mjd,Maidu; Maidu; Northwest; Meidoo; Tsamak; Michopdo; Concow; Holólupai; Konkau; Yuba; Secumne; Maiduan; Nákum; Sekumne; Northwest Maidu; Northwestern Maidu; Digger -2291,Klamath-Modoc,,42.5,-121.5,klam1254,kla,Plateau,awakening,ISO 639-3,kla,Lutuami; Modoc; Klamath; E-ukshikni -2292,Klallam,,47.8475,-122.585,clal1241,clm,Salishan,awakening,ISO 639-3,clm,Clallam; S'klallam; Na'klallam; Nəxʷsƛ'áy'əmucən; Klellam; nəxʷsƛʼáyʼəmʼucən -2293,Kiliwa,,31.3333333333,-115.666666667,kili1268,klb,Cochimi-Yuman,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,klb,Kiliwi; Quiligua -2295,Kawaiisu,,35.0589,-118.4026,kawa1283,xaw,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xaw, -2297,Karuk,,41.6666666667,-123.0,karo1304,kyh,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kyh,Karok; Karuk; Quoratem; Charoc; Quoratean -2299,Jicarilla Apache,,36.9336,-106.9984,jica1244,apj,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,ISO 639-3,apj,Jicarilla; Hikariya; Apache (Jicarilla); Apache; Eastern Apache -2300,Jemez,,35.6151,-106.7242,jeme1245,tow,Kiowa-Tanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tow,Towa -2305,Midah,,11.3231,14.9839,maje1243,xmj,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,xmj,Majera; Mida'a; Da'a; Mazera; Daa -2306,Maslam,,12.136,14.6914,masl1241,msv,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,msv,Mandage; Mendage; Mandagué; Maltam; Kotoko-Maltam -2307,Yulu,,8.3854,24.1754,yulu1243,yul,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,yul,Youlou -2308,Besme,,9.6386,16.018,besm1235,bes,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bes,Huner; Hounar; 'Unar; Beseme; Besemme; Bodor -2309,Gadang,,10.3473,17.2485,gada1262,gdk,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gdk, -2310,Jaya,,12.187,18.1645,jaya1242,jyy,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jyy, -2311,Karanga,,8.3093,15.3588,kara1484,kth,Maban,threatened,ISO 639-3,kth,Kurunga -2312,Kulfa,,9.9742,19.1848,kulf1238,kxj,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxj,Kulfe; Kurmi; Kurumi; Kaba So; Koulfa -2314,Ghodoberi,,42.643,46.1027,ghod1238,gdo,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gdo,Godoberi; годоберинский язык; ღოდობერიული ენა; годоберийский язык; гъибдилIи мицци; Ɣibdiƛi micci; Godoberin -2315,Hinukh,,42.17642940057645,45.986961731064795,hinu1240,gin,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gin,Hinuq; Hinux; гинухский язык; ჰინუხური ენა; ჰინუზას მეც; гьинузас мец; hinuzas mec; Գինուխերեն; Ginukh; Ginux; Ginukhtsy; Guang -2316,Hunzib,,42.1654,46.2991,hunz1247,huz,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,huz,Gunzib; гунзибский язык; ჰუნზიბური ენა; гьонкьос мыц; honƛʼos mɨc; нахадинский язык; Enzeb; Xunzal; Khunzal; Khunzaly -2317,Nafi,,-6.3999,146.802,nafi1237,srf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,srf,Sirak -2325,Marrithiyel,,-13.83887457,130.0009396,mari1424,mfr,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mfr,Berinken; Berringen; Berringin; Bringen; Brinken; Brinkin; Marathiel; Maridhiel; Maridhiyel; Marithiyel; Muritijel; Brinken; Bringen; Maridiyal; Marithid; Maridiyel; Marithiel -2327,Mariyedi,,-13.7687,129.876,mari1423,zmy,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmy,Marijedi; Murijadi; Marijadi -2329,Marriammu,,-12.28,130.5,marr1256,xru,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xru,Marri Ammu; MareAmmu; Mareammu -2330,Mati Ke,,-14.004314,129.855606,mart1254,zmg,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmg,Madige; Magati-Ge; Magadige; Magati Gair; Magatige; Marrige; Marri-ge; Matige; Muringair; Murrinh Ke; Murrinh-ge; Magati Ke; Marti Ke -2345,Mambai,,9.6007,14.0899,mamb1294,mcs,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mcs,Mangbei; Mangbai; Manbai; Mambay; Mamgbay; Mamgbei; Mongbay; Mangbaï de Biparé; Momboi -2346,Geji,,10.291667,9.65,geji1246,gji,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gji,Geeji; Gyannzi; Gyaazə; Bagba; Gezawa; Gejawa; Gaejawa; Kayauri; Kaiyorawa -2347,Yaka,,2.66666666667,16.25,yaka1272,axk,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,axk,Aka; Nyoyaka; Beká; Pygmée de Mongoumba; Pygmée de la Lobaye; Pygmées de la Sanghas; Babinga; Bambenga; Binga; Beka; Mòáka -2365,Tofa,,53.7324,98.2589,kara1462,kim,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kim,Karagas; Tofalar; тофаларский язык; Tofaca; Tofa Türkçesi; Тоъфа дыл; Tòfa dıl -2366,Karaim,,50.7538,25.3351,kara1464,kdr,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kdr,Karaite; Karaïm -2367,Karata,,42.5874,46.3348,kara1474,kpt,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpt,Karatai; каратинский язык; კარატაული ენა; Karatin; КIкIирлIи мацIцIи; Kirdi -2368,Karelian,,58.0284,33.3215,kare1335,krl,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,krl,karjala; карельский язык; Karelian proper; Karelisch; carélien; karely; Sobstvenno-Karel'skij-Jazyk; Karely; Karelian Proper; Karel'skiy Jazyk; Severno-Karel'skij; karel΄skij jazyk; karjalan kieli; venäjänkarjalaisten kieli; Russisch-Karelisch; Olonetzisch-Lüdisch; Gárjilgiella -2369,Inupiaq,,68.3217,-133.532,inup1234,ipk,Eskimo-Aleut,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ipk,Inuit; Inuvialuktun -2370,Nauna,,-2.2159,148.1986,naun1237,ncn,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ncn,Naune; Admiralitäts-inseln -2371,Deg Xinag,,62.1655,-156.3134,dege1248,ing,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ing,Kaiyuh-khotana; Deg Hit'an; Degexit'an; Ingalik; Ingalit; Deg Xit'an -2372,Numbami,,-7.5177,147.2991,numb1247,sij,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sij,Siboma; Sipoma -2373,Onjob,,-9.2973,149.1613,onjo1240,onj,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,onj,Onjab -2374,Hopi,,35.8721,-110.6205,hopi1249,hop,Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,hop,Tusayan; Moki; Moqui; Pueblo -2375,Holikachuk,,64.2254,-155.3027,holi1241,hoi,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,ISO 639-3,hoi,Upper Innoko; Innoko -2376,Hidatsa,,47.7321,-102.6758,hida1246,hid,Siouan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hid,Gros Ventre; Minitari; Duan; Hiraca; Hinatsa; Minnetaree; Gros Ventres; Doan -2377,Háiɫzaqvḷa (Heiltsuk),,52.1591,-128.1546,heil1246,hei,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hei,Heiltsuk; Bella Bella; Heiltsuk-Oweek'ala; Belbellah; Heiltsuk-Oowekyala -2379,Hulʻqʻumiʻnumʻ (Halkomelem),,48.7715,-123.6678,halk1245,hur,Salishan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,hur,Halkomelem; Hul'q'umi'num'; Halq'eméylem; hən̓q̓əmin̓əm; Hul’q’umin’um’; Holkomelem -2385,X̄enaksialak̓ala / X̄a'islak̓ala (Haisla),,53.9745,-128.6443,hais1244,has,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,has,X̄enaksialak̓ala; X̄a'islak̓ala; Xiʔslak'ala; Kitamat; Kitlope; Northern Kwakiutl; Haishilla; Haisla -2405,Northern Qiang,,32.0,102.666666667,nort2722,cng,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cng,Qiang; 羌語北部方言 -241,Zenaga,,17.3333333333,-16.0,zena1248,zen,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,zen, -2425,Zazao,,-8.1832,159.2269,zaza1245,jaj,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jaj,Jajao; Kilokaka -2427,Dorig,,-14.28,167.516,weta1242,wwo,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wwo,Wetamut; Banks-Inseln -2428,Mosetén,,-15.4113,-67.5,mose1249,cas,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cas,Chimané; Chimane; Chiman; Tsimane'; Tsimane; Tsinun; Tsimané; Chumano; Moseten; Tsinun; Tsimané; Nawazi-Moñtji; Rache; Muchan; Tucupi; Aparono; Mosetén language area -2429,Kerek,,62.25,175.0,kere1280,krk,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,krk,керекский язык -2430,Ket,,62.6236,87.7148,kett1243,ket,Yeniseian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ket,Imbak; кетский язык; Yenisei Ostyak; Yenisey Ostiak; Imbatski-Ket; Остыганна ӄа’ -2431,Chimila,,10.0986,-73.894,chim1309,cbg,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbg,San Jorge; Chamila; Caca Weranos; Shimizya; Chimile; Ette Ennaka; Simiza; Ette Taara -2432,Chipaya,,-19.2074,-68.2031,chip1262,cap,Chipaya-Uru,threatened,ISO 639-3,cap, -2434,Khakas,,53.7746,90.3735,khak1248,kjh,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjh,Khakhas; Abakan Tatar; хакасский язык; Хакас тілі; Xakas tįlį; тадар тілі; Hakasça; Hakas Türkçesi; Yenisei Tatar; Sagaijer; South Siberian Turkic; Abaqan; Khakhass; Xakas; Kamacintzi; ハカス語; 하카스어; 哈卡斯语 -2436,Khinalugh,,41.1579,48.0706,khin1240,kjj,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjj,Xinalug; Xinaliq; Khinalug; Khinalugi; каьтш мицI; kätš micʼ; хиналугский язык; kaʕtʃ mitsʼ; kätš; kätiš; kättid mic’; Xınalıq dili; kətşi mi -2440,Gros Ventre,,48.4824,-108.7639,gros1243,ats,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,ats,Atsina; Gros Ventres; White Clay People; Ahahnelin; Ahe; Fall Indians; Ananin; Aáni; Northern Arapaho; Arapaho-Atsina -2441,Gwich'in,,67.4407,-134.8272,gwic1235,gwi,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gwi,Dinjii Zhuh K'yaa; Kutchin; Kuchin; Tukudh; Takudh; Dagoo; Loucheux -2442,Hare,,64.438892,-124.498425,hare1244,,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,scs-har,North Slavey -2445,Vamale,,-20.9665,164.7866,vama1243,mkt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkt,Moaeke; Hmwaeke; Pamale; Neukaledonien -2446,Ura (Vanuatu),,-18.656405,169.064527,urav1235,uur,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uur,Aryau; Arau -2447,Tutuba,,-15.571269,167.28162,tutu1241,tmi,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tmi, -2448,Austral,,-23.3775,-149.4909,aust1304,aut,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aut,Tubuai-Rurutu -2449,Tuamotuan,,-17.0,-144.0,tuam1242,pmt,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmt,Pa'umotu -2450,Tolomako,,-15.1834,166.8438,tolo1255,tlm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlm,Tolomako-Jereviu; Big Bay; Marina -2451,Tobian,,2.9594,131.8084,tobi1238,tox,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tox,Ramari Hatohobei; Hatohobeian; Tobi; Hatohobei -2452,Thao,,23.848579,120.930253,thao1240,ssf,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ssf,Sau; Sao; Shao; Chuihwan; Chui-Huan; Suihwan; Vulung; Sprache von Formosa; 邵語 -2453,Teanu,,-11.6333333333,166.833333333,tean1237,tkw,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tkw,Buma; Puma -2455,Tanapag,,15.24,145.76,tana1281,tpv,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpv,Northern Carolinian; Tallabwog; Sprache der Marianen -2465,Cuiva,,6.4463,-69.9389,cuib1242,cui,Guajiboan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cui,Cuiba; Cuiba-Wámonae; Kuiva; Chiricoa; Cuiba-Wámonae; Hiwi; Maiben -2466,Curripaco,,2.3723,-67.5659,curr1243,kpc,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kpc,Kurripako; Ipeka-Kurripako; Curipaco; Kuripaco; Koripako; Korispaso; Payualiene; Paiorience; Pacu -2485,Waima'a,,-8.4995,126.3372,waim1252,wmh,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wmh,Uai Ma'a; Waimaha; Waimoa; Uaimo'a -2487,Vera'a,,-13.813097,167.423783,vera1241,,Austronesian,endangered,,, -2488,Totoli,,1.039,120.817,toto1304,txe,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,txe,Tontoli; Tolitoli; Gage -2489,Teop,,-5.66666666667,155.0,teop1238,tio,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tio, -2490,Savosavo,,-9.1316,159.8124,savo1255,svs,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,svs,Savo; Savo Island -2505,Khvarshi,,42.3417,46.1212,khva1239,khv,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,khv,Khwarshi; Xvarshi; хваршинский язык; ხვარშიული ენა; Kedaes hikwa; Khvarshin; Khwarshi -2506,Koryak,,61.8561,168.6621,kory1246,kpy,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,endangered,ISO 639-3,kpy,Nymylan; Korak; корякский язык; нымылан; Korjakische; Koræiki; Koriak -2508,Kryts,,41.1455,48.164,kryt1240,kry,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kry,Kryz; Kryc; Dzek; кърыцIаь мез; qryc’ä mez; цIека meз; c’eka mez; Qrız dili; крызский язык; джекский язык; Kryzy; Katsy; Dzhek; Dzheki; Kjruaj mez -2509,Biliru,,-15.533224,167.136555,tamb1253,tls,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tls,Tambotalo -2510,Sowa,,-15.775905,168.185812,sowa1244,sww,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,sww, -2511,Ninde,,-16.46637,167.464395,labo1244,mwi,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mwi,Labo; Mewun; Meaun; Nide -2512,Nāti,,-16.516345,167.505623,nati1244,,Austronesian,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1hr,Naati -2513,Sörsörian,,-16.437,167.785,sors1241,,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1l9,Sosorian -2514,Sian,,2.7199,113.7018,sian1255,spg,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,spg; sian1255,Sihan -2515,Ngen,,-15.338309,167.106526,shar1244,ssv,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ssv,Shark Bay -2516,Saisiyat,,24.5977,121.0762,sais1237,xsy,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xsy,Saiset; Seisirat; Saisett; Saisiat; Saisiett; Saisirat; Saisyet; Saisyett; Amutoura; Bouiok; Sprache von Formosa; 賽夏語 -2517,Hla'alua,,23.133,120.721,saar1237,sxr,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sxr,Saaroa; Lha’alua; Saroa; Saarua; Rarua; La'alua; La'arua; Pachien; Paichien; Sisyaban; Shishaban; 拉阿魯哇語 -2518,Niolean,,-16.308246,167.675413,repa1237,rpn,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rpn,Repanbitip -2519,Southern Cook Islands Māori,,-8.0,-156.0,raro1241,,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,raro1241,Māori; Kuki Airani; Te Reo Māori o te Pae Tonga o te Kuki Airani -2520,Rapa Nui,,-27.108,-109.3579,rapa1244,rap,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,rap,Easter Island; Pascuense; Rapanui; Öster-Insel Sprache -2525,Pwapwâ,,-20.8074,164.5367,pwap1237,pop,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pop,Poapoa; Neukaledonien -2526,Pwaamei,,-20.8767,164.7413,pwaa1237,pme,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pme,Poamei; Neukaledonien -2527,Punan Batu 1,,2.6021,114.0,puna1278,pnm,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnm, -2528,Narmoris,,-15.581852,167.076314,polo1242,plb,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,plb,Polonombauk -2529,Pije,,-20.7869,164.9487,pije1237,piz,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,piz,Pinje; Pindje; Neukaledonien -2545,Guamaca,,10.9196,-73.4985,mala1522,mbp,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbp,Malayo; Marocasero; Maracasero; Sanja; Sanka; Sancá; Arosario; Arsario; Guamaka; Wiwa; Wamaka; Atanque; Kampanake; Bustintana; Sanká; Aisario; Nabela; Sanha; Marocacero; Huihua; Damana -2546,Mawng,,-12.06446118,133.060671,maun1240,mph,Iwaidjan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mph,Gunmarung; Mawung; Gun-Marung; Maw; Managari; Goulburn Islands; Gunmarang; Kunmarung; Manangari; Mau; Mauung; Maung -2547,Dâw,,0.2197,-68.7744,daww1239,kwa,Nadahup,endangered,ISO 639-3,kwa,Kamã; Kamã Makú; Kam; Kamán; Daw; Dow; Kamarada; Makú-Kamarada; Kaman -2548,Meriam,,-9.9201,144.0472,meri1244,ulk,Eastern Trans-Fly,endangered,ISO 639-3,ulk,Miriam; Meryam Mir; Miriam-Mir; Mer; Mir; East Torres -2549,Miriwoong,,-16.01698315,128.7965195,miri1266,mep,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mep,Mirung; Merong; Miriwun; Miriwong; Mirriwong; Miriwu; Moreng; Mirong; Miriwung -2550,Mudburra,,-17.37280975,132.0454005,mudb1240,dmw,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dmw,Madbara; Moodburra; Mootburra; Mudbara; Mudbera; Mudbra; Mulpira; Mutpura; Pinkangama; Karranga; Mudbura -2551,Murrinh-patha,,-14.236681,129.521756,murr1258,mwf,Southern Daly,threatened,ISO 639-3,mwf,Garama; Garrama; Murrinh-Patha; Murinbada; Murinbata; Murinypata; Murinjpata; Murinjbada; Marri-wutha; Garramung; Murriny Patha; Karama; Karaman; Murinkura; Nagor; Nangu; Mariwada; Mariwuda; Murrinpatha -2552,Nakara,,-12.166817,134.486542,naka1260,nck,Maningrida,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nck,Kokori; Nagara; Na-kara; Naka:ra; Naga:ra; Ngara; Gukari; Gukariya; Nakkara -2553,Ngan'gityemerri,,-14.268,131.237,nang1259,nam,Southern Daly,endangered,ISO 639-3,nam,Ngan'gityemeri; Ngan'gikurunggurr; Nangikurrunggurr; Ngenkikurrunggur; Ngangikarangurr; Ngankikurrunkurr; Nangikurunggurr; Ngankikurungkurr; Tyemeri; Marityemeri; Ngangikurrunggurr; Moil; Ngangikurongor; Ngangikurrungur; Nangityemeri; Ngenkityemeri -2554,Narungga,,-31.34203119,133.7639065,naru1238,nnr,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nnr,Nanunga; Naranga; Narranga; Narranggu; Narrangu; Adjahdurah; Turra; Narrang-gu; Narrang-u; Nar-anga; Narunga; Adjadura; Murinandji; Moor-in-nunjie; Wallaroo tribe; Adjahdural; Narangga -2555,Ndjebbana,,-12.045029,134.229557,djee1236,djj,Maningrida,endangered,ISO 639-3,djj,Gunibidji; Gunavidji; Ndjébbana; Djeebbana; Gunawitji; Gunabidji; Gunabwidji; Gunjibidji; Witji; Kunibidji; Ndjéya; Gijiya; Djeepana; Gunaviji; Gunavidgi; Ndjébbana -2556,Ngaanyatjarra,,-25.983872,127.007311,ngaa1240,ntj,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntj,Nyanganyatjara; Ngaanjatjarra; Ngadawongga; Witjandja; Kurara; Jabungadja; Ku:rara Nadadjara; Nga:da; Nga:dapitjardi; Ngad-adara; Ngadatara; Ngadatjara; Ngadjatara; Nganadjara; Ngatatara; Ngatatjara; Rumudjara; Teitudjara; Wan:udjara; Warara; Wirtjandja; Ngadhawonga; Ngarawonga; Nana; Warburton Ranges; Ngadadjara; Ngaanyatjara -2557,Ngarinyman,,-16.97501636,131.9362017,ngar1235,nbj,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nbj,Ngarinmany; Agarinman; Airiman; Ainman; Hainman; Heineman; Hyneman; Nariman; Narinman; Ngaiman; Ngaimmun; Ngainman; Ngainmun; Ngarinman; Ngarnman; Ngraimun; Ngrainmunynhgahri; Ngrarmun; Ngrainmun -2558,Dení,,-6.5773,-68.1591,deni1241,dny,Arawan,threatened,ISO 639-3,dny,Deni; Den; Dani -2559,Ngarluma,,-20.848545,117.696075,ngar1287,nrl,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nrl,Ngalama; Ngaluma; Ngallooma; Gnalooma; Gnalouma; Gnalluma; Ngar-luma; Qualluana; Naluma; Nickol Bay tribe; Kymurra; Paljari; Kariera-Ngaluma -2560,Nyamal,,-21.30071734,119.7091996,nyam1271,nly,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nly,Njamat; Wanbarda; Widagari; Widagaree; Wirdakarri; Weedokarry; Weedookary; Pundju Njamal; Pundu N'amal; Njamal; Njamarl; Gnamo; Tjingkai Njamal; Ibarga; Ibarrga; Ibargo; Nyamel; N'amal; Njalmal; Namal; Namel -2561,Nyangumarta,,-19.844227,121.439695,nyan1301,nna,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nna,Ibarga; Ibarrga; Ibargo; I:baruga; Iparuka; Ngurlipartu; Pijikala; Nyangahyatjarra; Njangamarda; Kularupulu; Kundal; Waljuli Njangamarda; Nangamada; Nangam-urda; Nangumarda; Ngapakarna; Ngapakoreilitja; Ngardungardu; Njadamarda; Njangamada; Njangomada; Njangumada; Njangumarda; Njanja-marta; Nyangamada; Nyangumada; Nyangumarda; Nyangumata; Warmala; Nangumada; Nangumurdu; Ngolibardu; Ngulipartu; Nungoo'murdoo; Nya'umada; Nyangumurtu; Nangamurda -2562,Nyikina,,-18.20260282,124.2885679,nyig1240,nyh,Nyulnyulan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nyh,Njigina; Njikena; Nyigini; Njigena; Nigena; Nyi-gini; Njikin; Njigana; Wanji; Tjaba; Dja:ba; Yeeda; Nyigina -2564,Paakantyi,,-31.12813021,144.2235677,darl1243,drl,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,drl,Darling; Darling River Language; Kula; Baagandji; Southern Baagandji; Barkindji; Barkandj; Paakantji; Kurnu; Guerno; Kornu; Cornu; Koono; Kuno; Bagundji; Barkinji; Barkungee; Bahkunji; Bahkunjy; Parkungi; Parkengee; Bakanji; Bakandi; Bargunji -2565,Panyjima,,-23.01539682,117.6751312,pany1241,pnw,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnw,Pandjima; Panjtjima; Bandjima; Panjima; Banjima; Bailko-Pandjima; Mandanjongo; Pand'ima; Panytyima; Banyjima -2566,Pini,,-26.80165,121.99466,pini1248,pii,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pii,Bandjanu; Banjanu; Bini; Biniridjara; Birni; Birniridjara; Buranudjara; Jabura; Madutjara; Nana; Nangaritjara; Pandjanu; Piniiri; Piniridjara; Piniritjara; Pirniritjara; Tjubun; Wordako -2567,Pintiini,,-29.403367,126.990833,pint1251,pti,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pti,Bindinini; Bindunda; Pindiini; Pindini; Wangada; Wanggada; Wanggaji; Wangkatha; Wangkathaa; Wangkatja; Wonga; Wongaidya; Won-gaii; Wongai-I; Wonggai; Wonggaii; Wonkai; Mount Margaret -2568,Pintupi-Luritja,,-23.10008732,128.3208828,pint1250,piu,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,piu,Panika; Bindubu; Pi:ntubi; Pintunala; Pintubu; Pindu; Pindubu; Pintudjara; Puntubu; Pintubidjara; Pintularapi; Pintubitjara; Bindooboo; Bindiboo; Bindibu; Bindaboo; Bindubi; Bindabu; Ilda; Ilta; Kalgonei; Kalguni; Kalgo-neidjara; Manggawara; Maiadjara; Maiidjara; Matju:na-latara; Teitudjara; Wankawinan; Wiluraratja; 'Wanka'winan; 'Wan-ka'winan; Wenamba; Wananwanari; Loridja; Pintubi; Binddibu; Kukatja; Kukacha; Luritja; Luritcha; Loritja; Loritcha; Lurritji; Aluridja; Loorudgie; Loorudgee; Juluridja; Maduntara; Maiulatara -2569,Pitcairn-Norfolk,,-29.022622,167.942864,pitc1234,pih,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,pih,Pitcairnese; Pitcairn English; Pitkern; Norfuk; Norf'k; Norfolkese; Norfolk Language -2570,Pitjantjatjara,,-25.97129594,130.0189562,pitj1243,pjt,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pjt,Bidjandja; Bidjandjadjara; Bidjandjara; Bidjuwongga; Ituarre; Mamoo; Mamu; Mulatara; Nangatadjara; Partutu; Peechintarra; Pidjandja; Pid-jandjara; Pijandarra; Pitdjandjara; Pitjandjadjara; Pitjanjarra; Pitjantjara; Pitjanzazara; Pitjendadjara; Pitjentara; Pitjindjatjara; Pitjinjara; Pitjinjiara; Pitjintara; Pitjintjitjira; Pituari; Tjitiadjara; Wanudjara; Wirtjapakandja; Woŋga-pitja; Wongapitcha; Wongapitjira; Pitjandjara; Pitkindjara; Pitjindjiara; Pitjangjadjara -2571,Rembarrnga,,-13.15456146,134.3934424,remb1249,rmb,Gunwinyguan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rmb,Rembarranga; Rembarunga; Rembarrunga; Rainbargo; Kaltuy; Rembarnga; Rainbarngo -2572,Ritharrngu,,-13.09134716,136.0384241,rita1239,rit,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,rit,Ritarungo; Ridarngo; Rittarungo; Ritaringo; Ritarngo; Ritarnugu; Ridharrngu; Wagelak; Wawilag; Buranad-jini; Dhiyakuy; Diakui; Dijogoi; Djikai; Jikai; Ridarngu; Ridarno; Ritar-ingo; Ritarngu; Ritarrngu; Ritharingau; Ritharrŋu; Tchikai; Yakuy; Ritharngu -2573,Kuuk Thaayorre,,-14.818,141.847,thay1249,thd,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,thd,Thayore; Thaayorre; Taiol; Thaayorre; Tayore; Koko-Taiyor; Da:jor; Koko-Daiyuri; Kokkotaijari; Kokotaiyari; Gugujak; Daiyuri; Taiol; Kuuk Thayorre; Koko Daiyuri; Koko Taiyor; Kuuk Thaayoore; Thaayore; Thayorre; Taior; Gugudayor; Kuktayor; Kukudayore; Behran; Thaayorr; Koko Thayorr; Thayore; Ku-k Thayori; Dha:yore; Ku·k Thayori; Kuuk-Thaayorre -2574,Tiwi,,-11.6788294,130.8353696,tiwi1244,tiw,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,tiw,Tunuvivi; Diwi; Wonga:k; Wongak; Wunuk; Ni-mara; Woranguwe -2575,Umpila,,-13.48164763,143.5323774,umpi1239,ump,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ump,Ombila; Ompeila; Ompela; Oom-billa; Umpilo; Umbila; Koko-umpilo; ʔumpila -2576,Wagiman,,-14.18804631,131.6147964,wage1238,waq,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,waq,Wogeman; Wageman; Wagaman; Wongkakaringa; Wakiman; Woggeman; Wogiman; Ongkakaringa -2577,Wajarri,,-27.017537,116.147032,waja1257,wbv,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wbv,Watjari; Watjarri; Wadjari; Wadjeri; Wadgaree; Wajeri; Wajjari; Wajari; Waian-wonga; Baialdju; Pidong; Wad'arri; Iirrawad-'ari; Irawadjari; Kurduwongga; Kurduwonga; Maliara; Miliarra; Miliara; Cheangwa; Wardal; Yajeri; Jamadj; Yamaidyi; Muliara; Malleyearra; Meloria; Waianwonga -2578,Walmajarri,,-18.417079,125.528069,walm1241,wmt,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmt,Juwaliny; Tjuwalinj; Tjiwaliny; Djualin; Tjiwarliñ; Tjiwarliny; Djuwarliny Walmatjari; Walmatjiri; Walmajiri; Wolmeri; Pililuna; Walmatjari; Walmadjari; Warmala; Wulumari; Wolmera; Walmaharri; Wolmaharry -2579,Warnman,,-22.00041801,124.0387199,wanm1242,wbt,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wbt,Mardu; Nanidjara; Nanid-jara; Nenidjara; Njanidjara; Nyaani; Wanmanba; Wanmin; Warumala; Wanman -2580,Wardaman,,-14.465267,132.246841,ward1246,wrr,Yangmanic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrr,Wartaman; Warduman; Wadaman; Wadderman; Wordaman; Waduman; Waderman; Warda'man; Wardman -2581,Warlmanpa,,-18.979026,134.293442,warl1255,wrl,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrl,Wolperi; Wolpirra; Albura; Alpira; Alpiri; Elpira; Ilpara; Ilpira; Ilpirra; Nam-bulatji; Njambalatji; Ulperra; Wailbri; Walbiri; Walbrai; Wal-bri; Waljbiri; Waljpiri; Walmala; Walmanba; Walpari; Wanaeka; Wanajaga.; Wanajaka; Wanajeka; Waneiga; Waringari; Warrabri -2582,Warlpiri,,-20.200346,132.184067,warl1254,wbp,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbp,Albura; Alpira; Alpiri; Elpira; Ilpara; Ilpira; Ilpirra; Nam-bulatji; Njambalatji; Ulperra; Wailbri; Walbiri; Walbrai; Wal-bri; Waljbiri; Waljpiri; Walmala; Walmanba; Walpari; Wanaeka; Wanajaga.; Wanajaka; Wanajeka; Waneiga; Waringari; Warrabri; Wolperi; Wolpirra; Waibry; Walmama; Ngaliya; Ngardilpa; Walpiri; Ngalia; Ngallia; Nambuda -2583,Warumungu,,-19.08616819,134.5462824,waru1265,wrm,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrm,Waramanga; Warramunga; Aira-manga; Leenaranunga; Uriminga; Waramunga; Warimunga; Warramonga; Warrmunga; Wurmega -2584,Wik-Iiyanh,,-14.768206,142.717761,wiki1239,wij,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wij,Wik-Iyanh; Wikianji; Wikianyi; Wik-Iyena; Wik-Iiyanyi; Wik-Iiyeny -2585,Wik-Mungkan,,-22.48008965,128.9740522,wikm1247,wim,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,wim,Wik-Munkan; Wik-Mungkhn; Munkan; Wik Mungkan; Wik Mimungkum; Wik-Mungkana; Wikmunkan; Mimungkum; Munkanj; Munkanu; Monkanu; Munggano; Wikmungkan; Wikmungken; Wik Mongkan; Wik Monkan; Wik-Mungken; Wik-Mongken; Munggan; Mungkañ; Wik-Mungkanha; Mungkanhu; Wik Munkan -2586,Wik-Ngatharr,,-14.192111,141.771564,wika1238,wik,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wik,Wik-Ngathara; Wik-Ngatharra; Wik-Ngathrr; Wikngatara; Wik Ngathara; Wikalkan -2587,Kugu-Nganhcara,,-14.167,141.842,wikn1246,wua,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wua,Wik Nganychara; Wik Ngencherr; Wik-Ngencherra; Wik-Natjerra; Ngandjara; Wik-nantjara; Wik Ngantjera; Wiknantyara; Kugu Nganychara; Nantjara; Ngantjeri; Wik-Nantjara; Wik Njinturawik-Nganhcara; Wikngenchera; Kugu Nganchara -2588,Worrorra,,-15.69549526,124.8442304,worr1237,wro,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,wro,Worora; Worrora; Wurora; Wo'rora; Worrara; Wurara; Wurura; Maialnga; Yangibaia; Wororra; Ong Komi -2589,Wubuy,,-13.870039,135.736922,nung1290,nuy,Gunwinyguan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuy,Nunggubuyu; Nangabuya; Ningburia; Nuggaboju; Nugubuyu; Nungabuya; Nungabuyu; Nungbuju; Nunggabuyu; Nungguboiju; Nungguboiyu; Nunggubuju; Nunggubu'ju; Nungkubuyu; Nun-guboiyu; Nungubuju; Nungubuyu; Yingkwira; Nunggubuju̇; Nunggebuyu -2590,Yir-Yoront,,-15.15400921,141.7960017,yiry1245,yiy,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yiy,Jir Joront; Yirʔ Yoront; Kokomindjin; Kokomandjoen; Kokominjen; Yir Yiront; Gwandera; Kokomindjen; Mandjoen; Millera; Mind'jana; Mundjun; Myunduno; Jirjoront; Koka-mungin; KokoMandjoen; Koko-manjoen; Kokomindjan; Kokominjan; Koko-Minychéna; Kuuk-Thawvnhon; Yirrq-Thuch; Yirrq Yorront; Yirr-Yorront; Yir-yiront; Yir Yoront -2591,Ayapanec Zoque,,18.223405,-93.111446,taba1264,zoq,Mixe-Zoquean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zoq,Ayapanec; Ayapaneco; Ayapa; Zoque; Tabasco; Zoque de Tabasco; Zoque de Ayapanec; Zoque; Numde Oode; Numdi Oodi -2592,Saba,,11.1487,18.0175,saba1276,saa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,saa,Jelkung -2593,Sarwa,,10.5958,17.0397,saru1245,swy,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,swy,Sarua; Saroua -2594,Tamki,,11.48,18.2125,tamk1242,tax,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tax,Temki -2595,Ubi,,12.1534,18.6946,ubii1238,ubi,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ubi,Oubi -2596,Boruca,,8.83333333333,-83.25,boru1252,brn,Chibchan,awakening,ISO 639-3,brn,Brunca; Brunka; Brúncajc; Brúnkajk -2597,Southern Emberá,,5.0,-76.0,embe1262,cmi,Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cmi,Emberá- Baudó (Baudó; Catrú); Emberá-Chamí (Chami); Epena (Emberá-Saija; Saija; Epená Saija; Epéna Pedée; Southern Embera; Southern Empera; Cholo -2598,Emerillon,,2.8991,-52.8881,emer1243,eme,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,eme,Emerilon; Melejo; Mereo; Mereyo; Emereñon; Teco; Wayampí; Oyampí; Emérillon; Karipuna; Guayapi; Guaiapi; Oiampí; Wajapae; Wayãpi; Waiãpi; Waiampi; Wayapae; Oyampík; Oyanpík; Wajapuku; Emerenhão; Wayampí language area -2605,Sáliva,,5.3097,-69.873,sali1298,slc,Saliban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,slc; sali1298,Saliba; Sáliba (in Colombia) -2606,Saliba,,-10.5833333333,150.716666667,sali1295,sbe,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbe, -2607,South Marquesan,,-8.91666666667,-140.083333333,sout2866,mqm,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mqm,Marquesan; Marquesas-Inseln Sprache; Marquesas; Marquesan; South -2608,Jaminjung,,-15.02818965,130.3565783,djam1255,djd,Mirndi,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,djd,Baj Subgroup; Dyaminydyung; Djamadjong; Djamindjun; Djamundon; Djamunjun; Dyamindyung; Jaminjang; Kaminjung; Murinyuwan; Murinyuwen; Tjamindjung; Tjaminjun; Yilngali; Djamindjung; Jilngali; Jaminjungan -2625,Ninzo,,12.799812,8.51689,ninz1246,nin,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nin,Ninzam; Nunzo; Gbhu D Amar Randfa; Amar Tita; Ancha; Incha; Kwasu; Akiza; Sambe; Fadan Wate; Hate -2645,Papi,,-4.5,142.0,papi1255,ppe,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppe,Paupe; Baiyamo -2646,Piu,,-6.9591,146.4257,piuu1237,pix,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pix,Sanbiau; Lanzog; Kuruko -2647,Puare,,-2.8689,141.6577,puar1240,pux,Sko,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pux,Puari; Bkwala -2648,Samosa,,-5.0116,145.5386,samo1306,swm,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,swm, -2649,Sene,,-6.3753,147.7825,sene1263,sej,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sej, -2650,Sengseng,,-6.0681,150.2792,seng1281,ssz,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ssz,Asengseng -2651,Sepa (Papua New Guinea),,-4.3245,144.9755,sepa1241,spe,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,spe, -2652,Sera,,-3.0033,141.9158,sera1260,sry,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sry,Ssia; Serra -2653,Zirenkel,,12.136,18.4735,zire1244,zrn,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,zrn, -2665,Emberá-Catío,,7.16666666667,-76.3333333333,embe1260,cto,Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cto,Emperã; Eberã Bed'ea; Eperã Pedea; Atrato; Darién; Dariena; Panama Embera; Eberã; Cholo; Choco; Emberá-Catío; Catio; Katio; Embena; Eyabida (Alternate names in Panama: Catío; Epera); Ember-Cato; Dabeiba; Catío -2668,Gavião,,-10.6666666667,-62.0,gavi1246,gvo,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvo,Gavião do Jiparaná; Gavião do Rondônia; Digüt; Ikõrõ; Gavião -2669,Gavião de Parã,,-5.3316,-46.7138,para1315,gvp,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvp,Pukobyé; Piokob; Bocobu; Gavião; Parã; Parakatêjê; Pukobjê; Canela; Kanela; Krenjé; Krahó -2670,Kreye,,-2.5644,-46.6589,krey1238,xre,Jean,dormant,ISO 639-3,xre,Crengez; Krenjé; Crenge; Bacabal; Kremye; Kreye; Krem-Ye; Crange; Creye; Crenye; Taze; Tage; Canela; Kanela; Krahó; Pukobyé -2671,Krikatí,,-5.8674,-46.7468,krik1239,xri,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,xri,Krinkati; Krikati-Timbira; Canela; Kanela; Krenjé; Krahó; Pukobyé; Krikati-Timbita -2672,Guajibo,,6.25,-71.5,guah1255,guh,Guajiboan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guh,Guahibo; Guaybo; Sikuani; Sicuani; Goahibo; Guaigua; Guayba; Wahibo; Goahiva; Hiwi; Wahivo -2673,Bwisi,,-3.5572,11.4477,bwis1242,bwz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwz,Ibwisi; Mbwisi -2675,Anfillo,,8.5049,34.7415,anfi1235,myo,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,myo,Southern Mao; Mao; South Mao; Anfilo -2676,Kwama,,9.5465,34.2059,kwam1249,kmq,Koman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmq,Takwama; Gwama; Goma; Gogwama; Qewama; Koma of Asosa; North Koma; Nokanoka; Afan Mao; Amam; T'wa Kwama; Mao -2677,Kwegu,,5.4191,36.0791,kweg1241,xwg,Surmic,endangered,ISO 639-3,xwg,Koegu; Kwegi; Koyego; Menja; Nidi; Bacha -2678,Dahālík,,15.732898,40.081897,daha1247,dlk,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlk,Dahlak; Dahalik -2680,Nayi,,7.2698,36.1724,nayi1243,noz,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,noz,Naya; Na'o; Nao -2681,Opuuo,,8.3202,33.8873,opuu1239,lgn,Koman,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgn,Opo-Shita; Opo; Opuo; Upo; Cita; Ciita; Shita; Shiita; Ansita; Kina; Kwina; Langa; Shitta -2685,Sissano,,-3.0129,142.0491,siss1243,sso,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sso,Sisano; Sinano; Sinama; Aissano; Siau -2686,Som,,-6.1296,146.4642,somm1240,smc,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,smc,Somm -2687,Asaba,,-5.0526,141.9818,suar1238,seo,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,seo,Duranmin; Akiapmin; Suarmin; Wani -2688,Sumariup,,-4.7,143.3,suma1269,siv,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,siv,Sogoba; Latoma -2689,Susuami,,-7.2044,146.5493,susu1251,ssu,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ssu, -2690,Ts'amay,,5.4382,37.2463,tsam1247,tsb,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tsb,Tsamai; S'amai; Tamaha; Tsamako; Tsamakko; Bago S'aamakk-Ulo; Kuile; Kule; Cule; Tsamay; Tsemay -2691,Taulil,,-4.41666666667,152.083333333,taul1251,tuh,East New Britain,endangered,ISO 639-3,tuh,Butam; Neu-Pommern -2692,Guajá,,-3.4914,-46.2963,guaj1256,gvj,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvj,Awá; Avá; Awá Guajá; Ayaya; Guaxare; Wazaizara -2693,Tenis,,-1.6394,150.6939,teni1244,tns,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tns,Tench -2694,Guajajára,,-4.8282,-46.8017,guaj1255,gub,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gub,Guajajára; Guazazzara; Tenetehara; Tenetehára; Guajajara; Guajajra -2695,Turaka,,-9.796,149.447,tura1265,trh,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,trh, -2696,Guajiro,,12.0,-72.0,wayu1243,guc,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guc,Goajiro; Wayuu; Wahiro; Guajira; Goahiro; Wayuunaiki -2697,Guambiano,,2.6138,-76.3906,guam1248,gum,Barbacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gum,Guambiano; Guambia; Moguex; Namdrik; Guambiana; Mogües; Moguez; Wam; Misak; Guambiano-Moguez; Wambiano; Mogés; Guambía; Wambiano-Mogés -2698,Guana (Paraguay),,-22.0,-58.0,guan1268,gva,Mascoyan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gva,Guaná; Kaskiha; Kaskihá; Cashquiha; Kashika; Kashiha; Vana peema -2700,Malo,,6.950294,37.025083,melo1242,mfx,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfx,Melo; Mello -2701,Sheko,,7.463219,35.452667,shek1245,she,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,she,Shekko; Shekka; Tschako; Shako; Shak; Shakko -2702,Yem,,7.6347,37.3205,yems1235,jnj,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jnj,Yemsa; Yemma; Janjero; Janjerinya; Janjor; Yangaro; Zinjero -2703,Lolak,,0.8569,124.0081,lola1250,llq,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,llq, -2704,Vehes,,-6.9427,146.9311,vehe1237,val,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,val,Buasi; Vehees -2705,Wab,,-5.6296,146.39,wabb1237,wab,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wab,Som -2706,Bangka,,-2.335839,106.038567,bang1365,mfb,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mfb,Lom; Belom; Mapor; Maporese -2707,Warapu,,-2.9876,141.9838,wara1302,wra,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,wra,Barupu; Varofu; Waropu -2708,Loun,,-2.8717,128.8366,loun1239,lox,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,lox, -2709,Yeri,,-3.5,142.4,yapu1240,yev,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yev,Yapunda; Reiwo; Hiro; Giro -2710,Maku'a,,-8.4017,127.2271,maku1277,lva,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lva,Lovaea; Lovaia -2711,Yimas,,-4.6038,143.6077,yima1243,yee,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,yee, -2712,Mander,,-2.4341,138.7284,mand1443,mqr,Orya-Tor,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mqr, -2713,Hatam,,-1.0,134.0,hata1243,had,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,had,Hattam; Borai; Mansim; Atam; Tinam; Miriei; Moi; Adihup; Uran -2714,Mapia,,0.8321,134.3023,mapi1250,mpy,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,mpy,Mapian -2715,Maremgi,,-2.2571,139.5455,mare1261,mrx,Orya-Tor,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mrx,Marengge -2716,Masep,,-1.7575,138.3178,mass1263,mvs,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mvs,Massep; Wotaf; Potafa -2717,Momuna,,-4.83333333333,139.25,momu1241,mqf,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mqf,Somahai; Somage; Sumohai -2718,"Mor (Bomberai Peninsula, Indonesia)",,-2.8607,132.7697,morb1239,moq,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,moq,Mor2; Mor (of Bomberai) -2719,Marori,,-8.519,140.501,moro1289,mok,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mok,Morori; Moraori; Moaraeri; Morari -2720,Napu,,-1.33333333333,120.416666667,napu1241,npy,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,npy,Pekurehua -2721,Narau,,-3.3818,139.8202,nara1265,nxu,Kaure-Narau,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nxu, -2723,Nauete,,-8.7357,126.7053,naue1237,nxa,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nxa,Nauhete; Naueti; Naóti; Nauote; Nauoti -2724,Tacana,,-13.5,-68.0,taca1256,tna,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tna,Takana; Tupamasa -2725,Suyá,,-10.5559,-53.0639,suya1243,suy,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,suy,Suya; Kisêdjê; Suiá -2726,Nila,,-3.2173,128.9849,nila1244,nil,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nil, -2727,Suruí do Pará,,-5.2441,-52.7014,suru1261,mdz,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mdz,Suruí; Suruí do Tocantins; Akewere; Akewara; Aikewara; Mudjétire; Mudjetíre; Mudjetíre-Suruí; Suruí; Suruí do Tocantins; Mudjetíre -2728,Obokuitai,,-3.0,138.0,obok1239,afz,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,afz,Obogwitai; Ati; Aliki -2729,Paiter,,-11.1245,-61.3476,suru1262,sru,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sru,Suruí do Jiparaná; Suruí de Rondônia; Paiter; Paitér; Surui Paiter -2730,Sirionó,,-14.557,-63.7316,siri1273,srq,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,srq,Mbia Chee; Mbya; Siriono; Chori; Mbia; mbya -2732,Oirata,,-8.0755,127.1777,oira1263,oia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,oia,Maaro -2734,Siriano,,0.75,-70.1666666667,siri1274,sri,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,sri,Sirianó; Siriana; Desano-Siriano; Chiranga; Desano-Siriano; Siria-Masã; Sarirá; Cirnga; Si-Ra; Sura Masa; Siriane; Surianá; Surirá; Suryana -2737,Shikuyana,,1.9991,-56.2719,siki1239,sik,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,sik,Sikiana; Chikena; Chiquena; Chiquiana; Shikiana; Sikiána; Sikiâna; Sikïiyana; Sikiyana; Tshikiana; Xikiyana; Xikujan; Katxúyana; Kaxuiana; Kashuyana-Warikyana -2738,Shipibo,,-8.4289,-74.6411,ship1254,shp,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shp,Shipibo-Conibo; Shipibo-Konibo -2739,Onin,,-2.9745,132.2383,onin1245,oni,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,oni,Onim; Sepa -2741,Ormu,,-2.5136,140.6675,ormu1248,orz,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,orz, -2742,Ona,,-53.0,-70.0,onaa1245,ona,Chonan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ona,Selknam; Selk'nam; Shelknam; Aona; Island Chonan; Selk'nam; Chon; Island Chon language area -2744,Padoe,,-2.33333333333,121.333333333,pado1242,pdo,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pdo,South Mori; Padoé; Alalao -2746,Palu'e,,-8.326781,121.718478,palu1252,ple,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ple,Palue; Lu'a; Paluqe -2748,Saraveca,,-16.07,-57.8,sara1331,sar,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,sar,Sarave; Saraveka; Zarabe -2749,Sapé,,5.0033,-63.5449,sape1238,spc,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,spc; sape1238,Caliana; Kaliana; Kariana; Calianá; Chirichano; Cariana -2750,Sanumá,,4.5,-64.6666666667,sanu1240,xsu,Yanomaman,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsu,Sanuma; Sanum; Sanɨma; Tsanuma; Sanema; Samatari; Guaika; Samatli; Xamatari; Shiriana; Sanemá; Sanima; Samatali; Chirichano; Sanma -2751,Panasuan,,-2.24,119.65,pana1303,psn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,psn,To Panasean; To Pamosean -2752,Sanapaná,,-22.0,-59.0,sana1298,spn,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,spn,Sanapana; Quilyacmoc; Kelya'mok; Saapa'ang; Kisapang -2753,Mondé,,-8.7602,-63.9074,sala1273,mnd,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,mnd,Sanamaiká; Sanamaykã; Sanamaica; Salamãi; Salamaikã; Sanamaikã; Sanamaika; Monde; Sanamaí -2754,Paulohi,,-3.25,128.75,paul1238,plh,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,plh, -2756,Sabané,,-12.5277,-59.6859,saba1268,sae,Nambikwaran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sae,Sabane; Sabanês; Sabones; Sabanê; Sabanés -2757,Rikbaktsá,,-10.6174,-58.2714,rikb1245,rkb,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,rkb,Rikbaktsa; Erikbatsa; Aripaktsá; Eribatsa; Eripatsa; Canoeiro; Aripaktsa; Erikpatsa -2759,Reyesano,,-14.7748,-66.9396,reye1240,rey,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rey,Maropa; San Borjano -2760,Yoke,,-1.8151,137.8193,yoke1238,yki,Lower Mamberamo,endangered,ISO 639-3,yki,Yoki; Yauke; Jauke; Pauwi; Pauwi I; Pauwi II -2762,Petjo,,-6.2716,106.7871,petj1238,pey,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pey,Petjoh; Pecok -2766,Puruborá,,-12.3292,-64.2919,puru1264,pur,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pur,Puruba; Aurã; Pumbora; Puroborá; Burubora; Kuyubi; Cujubi; Migueleno; Miguelenho; Boruborá; Purubora -2767,Puinave,,4.0,-68.0,puin1248,pui,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,pui,Guipuinave; Guaipunavos; Puinabe; Guaipuinavi; Waipuinavi; Wonsüht; Guaipunavi; Wãnsöhöt -2769,Pendau,,0.65,120.1,pend1242,ums,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ums,Ndau; Ndaoe; Umalasa -2770,Yurutí,,1.0,-70.4166666667,yuru1263,yui,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,yui,Yuruti; Juruti; Jurutí; Yuruti-Tapuya; Luruty-Tapuya Juriti; Juriti-Tapuia; Wayhara; Patsoka; Wajiaraye; Yuruti; Wajiara; Totsoca; Wadzana; Waikana; Waimasá; Yurutiye -2773,Piru,,-3.05,128.1747,piru1241,ppr,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppr,Pirupiru -2774,Rahambuu,,-3.1898,121.0858,raha1237,raz,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,raz,Wiau; Wiaoe -2775,Salas,,-3.135,130.5505,sala1269,sgu,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sgu,Liambata; Lenkaitahe; Salas Gunung -2776,Saluan,,-0.903653,122.640925,salu1253,loe,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,loe,Saluan; Coastal; Loinang; Loindang; Madi; Mondono -2777,Saponi,,-2.4025,136.5037,sapo1254,spi,Lakes Plain,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,spi, -2778,Sauri,,-2.33,136.79,saur1251,srt,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3,srt, -2779,Sause,,-3.1706,139.7515,saus1247,sao,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,sao,Seuce -2780,Senggi,,-3.4339,140.7685,seng1285,snu,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,snu,Sengi; Viid -2781,Serili,,-8.1136,129.9023,seri1255,sve,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sve, -2782,Sobei,,-1.91666666667,138.75,sobe1238,sob,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sob,Biga; Imasi; Liki -2783,Taikat,,-2.8429,140.846,taik1255,aos,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,aos,Tajkat; Arso; Abrap; Marap; Taigat -2784,Taje,,-0.803,120.084,taje1237,pee,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pee,Petapa -2786,Tajio,,-0.155,120.004,taji1246,tdj,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tdj,Kasimbar; Tadjio; Ta'adjio; Adjio -2787,Taloki,,-4.5928,122.8628,talo1252,tlk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlk,Taluki -2788,Talondo',,-2.3723,119.3774,talo1251,tln,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tln,Nordost-Celebes -2789,Tandia,,-2.8552,134.522,tand1253,tni,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tni, -2790,Tarpia,,-2.38,139.97,tarp1240,tpf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpf,Tarfia; Sufrai -2791,Tause,,-2.8744,136.2469,taus1252,tad,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,tad,Doa; Darha -2792,Te'un,,-6.9809,129.1394,teun1241,tve,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tve, -2793,Tomini,,0.0564,120.551,tomi1243,txm,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,txm,Tiadje; Tialo; Mouton -2794,Tobati,,-2.58333333333,140.666666667,toba1266,tti,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tti,Jotafa; Yotafa; Yautefa; Humboldt Jotafa; Jayapura; Enggros; Tobwadic -2795,Tofanma,,-3.5675,140.7925,tofa1246,tlg,Namla-Tofanma,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlg,Tofamna -2796,Tomadino,,-2.5836,121.9729,toma1248,tdi,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tdi, -2797,Tombelala,,-2.5315,121.9454,tomb1245,ttp,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttp, -2798,Ujir,,-5.6105,134.2776,ujir1237,udj,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,udj,Udjir; Aru -2799,Afra,,-3.5449,140.7499,usku1243,ulf,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,ulf,Usku -2800,Wano,,-3.5463,137.9058,wano1243,wno,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,wno,Waano -2801,Waritai,,-3.2173,138.4497,wari1264,wbe,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,wbe,Weretai; Wari -2802,Waru,,-3.4393,121.9921,waru1266,wru,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wru,Mopute; Mapute -2803,Woria,,-1.5893,137.9127,wori1246,wor,East Geelvink Bay,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wor, -2804,Wotu,,-2.6303,120.888,wotu1240,wtw,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wtw, -2805,Taiwano,,0.0,-71.0,taiw1247,,Tucanoan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,bsn-tai,Taiwano; Taibano; Taiwaeno; Eduria; Taiguana -2825,Reshe,,10.8791,4.6115,resh1242,res,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,res,Tsureshe; Tsureja; Bareshe; Gunga; Gungawa; Gunganchi; Yaurawa -2826,Sandawe,,-5.342583,35.562744,sand1273,sad,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sad,Sandaui; Sandaweeki; Sandwe; Kisandawe; Sandawi -2827,Adasen Itneg,,17.817292,120.936869,adas1235,tiu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tiu,Adasen; Addasen Tinguian; Addasen; Itneg; Adasen -2828,Inagta Alabat,,14.101353,122.013567,alab1246,dul,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dul,Alabat Island Agta; Alabat Island Dumagat -2829,Camarines Norte Agta,,14.2,122.383,cama1250,abd,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abd,Manide; Agiyan; Agta; Camarines Norte -283,Beni Iznassen,,34.9167,-2.3167,beni1249,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,rif-ben,Beni Snassen; Iznacen -2830,Central Cagayan Agta,,17.9666666667,121.833333333,cent2084,agt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,agt,Agta (Central); Agta (Central Cagayan); Agta; Central Cagayan -2831,Isarog Agta,,13.6805,123.3805,isar1235,agk,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,agk,Bikol -2832,Mount Iraya Agta,,13.46,123.57,mtir1236,atl,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atl,Mt. Iraya Agta; Bikol; Inagta of Mt. Iraya; Rugnot of Lake Buhi East; Lake Buhi East; Itbeg Rugnot; Agta; Mt. Iraya -2833,Northern Alta,,15.7162,121.4085,nort2875,aqn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aqn,Edimala; Baler Negrito; Ditaylin Alta; Ditaylin Dumagat; Alta; Northern -2834,Arta,,16.216,121.599,arta1239,atz,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atz, -2836,Faire Atta,,18.027,120.4929,fair1238,azt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,azt,Southern Atta -2845,Bataan Ayta,,14.4324,120.4788,bata1297,ayt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayt,Mariveles Ayta; Bataan Sambal; Ayta; Bataan -2846,Sorsogon Ayta,,13.027,124.1549,sors1239,ays,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ays,Ayta; Sorsogon -2849,Batak,,10.306,119.256,bata1301,bya,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bya,Babuyan; Tinitianes; Palawan Batak; Battak -285,Ouargli,,30.9587,4.0209,taga1278,oua,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,oua,Tagargrent; Teggargrent; Ouargla; Wargla -2850,Ratagnon,,12.28,121.19,rata1245,btn,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,btn,Datagnon; Latagnun; Latan; Lactan; Aradigi; Bisaya -286,Taznatit,,29.3413,0.3955,tazn1238,grr,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grr,Zenati; Zenatia; Znatiya; Zenete; Shilha; Garawa -2887,Ari,,-8.0,142.4,arii1243,aac,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aac, -2891,Negidal,,52.942,139.779,negi1245,neg,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,neg,Neghidal; Nigidal; Ilkan Beye; El'kan Beye; Elkembei; негидальский язык; Неғида; Negidaly -2893,Nganasan,,72.816,91.582,ngan1291,nio,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nio,Tavgi Samoyed; Tavgy; Ŋanasan; Tawgy; Tavgi; нганасанский язык; тавгийский язык; tavgiysky; тавгийско-самоедский язык; tavgiysko-samoyedsky; ня”; njaʔ; Ня’’ сиәде; Nganasanin kieli; Northern Samoyed; Tawgy-Samojedisch; Nganasanisch; tavgui; ŋanasaŋ; nganasany; Tawgi; Samojeditawgi; Tawgy-Sprache -2894,Guató,,-17.0,-58.0,guat1253,gta,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gta,Guato -2896,Sakhalin Nivkh,,51.7814,143.1628,sakh1247,niv,Nivkh,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,niv,Nivx; Gilyak; сахалинский нивхский язык; Nivkhi; Nivukhi; Ghilyak; Ghiliak; Gilyak; Gelyak; Giriyaaku; Нивхгу диф; Ньиғвӈгун; гиляцкий язык -2897,Noghay,,43.8028,46.2744,noga1249,nog,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nog,Nogai; Noghai; ногайский язык; ногай тили; ногайша; Nogayca; Nogay Türkçesi; Nogay; Noghai; Noghaylar; Nogaitsy; Nogalar; Noqay dili -2898,Guayabero,,2.6028,-72.3999,guay1257,guo,Guajiboan,threatened,ISO 639-3,guo,Cunimía; Jiw; Mítus; Mítua; Wayavero; Hiw -2899,Gününa-Küne,,-41.0,-67.0,puel1244,pue,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,pue,Gününa-Küne; Gennaken; Northern Tehuelche; Pampa; Gününa Yajich; Guenaken; Pehuelche; Puelche -290,Tahaggart Tamahaq,,23.0,6.0,taha1241,thv,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,thv,Tamahaq (Tahaggart); Tamachek; Tamashekin; Tomachek; Tuareg; Touareg; Tourage; Toureg; Tamasheq; Tamahaq; Tahaggart -2902,Jotí,,6.075,-65.6323,yuwa1244,yau,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,yau,Joti; Hodï; Waruwaru; Hotí; Yuwana; Yoana; Yuana; Chicano; Chikano; Jodi; Hoti; Waruwaru Waruwádu -2905,Guerrero Amuzgo,,16.8333333333,-98.0,guer1243,amu,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amu,Amusgo; Amuzgo; Guerrero; Nomndaa; Azmugo -2906,Kallawaya,,-15.1357,-69.1699,call1235,caw,Mixed Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,caw,Callahuaya; Callawaya; Machaj-Juyai; Pohena -2907,Maxineri,,-10.5742,-70.4882,mach1268,mpd,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpd,Manitenere; Mashineri; Machinere; Manchinere; Manchineri; Manitenerí; Manitenére; Maxinéri -2909,Trinitario,,-15.699319,-64.980583,trin1274,trn,,,ISO 639-3,trn,Trimitarios; Moxo; Moxos; Mojos -291,Ghadamès,,30.1166,9.5251,ghad1239,gha,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gha, -2910,Ignaciano,,-15.1666666667,-65.4166666667,igna1246,ign,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ign,Moxo; Mojo; Mojeño -2911,Itene,,-12.0822,-64.9731,iten1243,ite,Chapacuran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ite,Iteneo; Iténez; Moré; More; Maré; Iten; Guarayo; Itenez -2913,Canichana,,-14.5835,-64.9731,cani1243,caz,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,caz,Kanichana; Canesi; Canisiana -2914,Itonama,,-13.6246,-63.5668,iton1250,ito,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ito,Saramo; Machoto -2915,Leco,,-15.586,-67.9064,leco1242,lec,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,lec,Leko; Lapalapa; Chuncho Aleniano; Leko; Rik'a; Ateniano -2919,Santiago del Estero Quechua,,-26.7848,-63.6767,sant1432,qus,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qus,Cuzco; Quichua Santiagueño -2920,Ñandeva,,-22.0652,-54.7558,chir1286,nhd,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nhd,Chiripá; Tsiripá; Txiripá; Nhandeva; Chiripa; Nhandéva -2921,Tapiete,,-19.75,-61.6666666667,tapi1253,tpj,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpj,Chiriguano; Ava; Simba; Chané; Izoceño [Isosó; Izozó] -2924,Jamamadí,,-9.0424,-68.3789,jama1261,jaa,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jaa,Yamamadi; Jamamadi; Yamadi; Yamamadí; Kanamanti; Canamanti; Madi -2926,Paumarí,,-5.8947,-64.5996,paum1247,pad,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pad,Paumari; Pammarí; Curucuru; Purupurú; Pamarí; Palmarí; Pamari; Kurukuru; Purupuru -293,Awjilah,,26.6278,24.5214,awji1241,auj,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,auj,Awjila; Aujila; Augila; Aoudjila; Awgila; Awdjila -294,Sawknah,,27.252,17.7539,sawk1238,swn,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,swn,Sokna; Sawkna -2945,Yaminawa,,-10.6606,-69.6972,yami1256,yaa,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yaa,Yaminahua; Yawanawa; Morunahua; Jaminawá; Yuminahua; Yamanawa -2949,Poyanawa,,-7.6238,-73.2568,poya1241,pyn,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pyn,Poyanáwa; Poianáua; Puinahua; Poyannawa; Puyanawa -295,Siwi,,29.1905,25.5322,siwi1239,siz,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,siz,Siwi; Siwa; Sioua; Oasis Berber; Zenati -2951,Piratapuyo,,0.8333,-69.5,pira1254,pir,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pir,Uaíana; Waíana; Uaicana; Waikino; Uainana; Waikina; Uaiana; Pira-Tapuya; Uaikena; Waikhara; Waina; Uiquina; Wanano-Piratapuyo -2952,Pirahã,,-6.9264,-61.1279,pira1253,myp,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,myp,Pirahán; Piraha; Múra-Pirahã; Mura-Piraha; Pirahá -2953,Pilagá,,-25.4035,-58.6669,pila1245,plg,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,plg,Pilaga; Pilaca -2954,Piaroa,,4.5435,-66.7089,piar1243,pid,Saliban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pid,Kuakua; Guagua; Quaqua; Piaroa-Maco; Ature; Adole; Piaroa-Mako; Wothüha; Uhothha; Uwotjüja; Wo'tiheh; Dearwa; Deruwa -2955,Piapoco,,4.0396,-68.0712,piap1246,pio,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pio,Dzaze; Piapoko; Tsae -2956,Playero,,7.0,-71.0,play1240,gob,Guajiboan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gob,Rio Arauca Guahibo; Yamarero; Pepojivi -2957,Pauserna,,-13.694972,-61.431164,paus1244,psm,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,psm,Guarasu; Paucerne; Guarayu-Ta; Pauserna-Guarasugwé; Guarasugwe -2959,Parakanã,,-5.2441,-52.7014,para1312,pak,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pak,Parakanân; Parocana; Awaeté; Paracana; Paracanã; Apiteréwa; Akwawa; Akuawa; Parakaná; Asurí; Mudjetire; Suru do Tocantins -2960,Panare,,6.5445,-66.4233,enap1235,pbh,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbh,Eñepa; E'ñepa; Panari; Abira; Eye; E'ñapa Woromaipu -2961,Kreen-Akarore,,-9.449,-54.5965,pana1307,kre,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,kre,Kren Akarore; Panará; Ipewí; Kren-Akarore; Creen-Acarore -2962,Palikur,,3.908,-51.9873,pali1279,plu,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,plu,Palicur; Palikúr; Palikr; Palijur; Palikour; Paikwene; Palincur; Paricores; Paricuria; Parikurene; Parinkur-lene -2963,Kaiwá,,-23.0,-55.0,kaiw1246,,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgk; pta,Kaiwá; Caiwa; Caingua; Kaingwá; Cayua; Caiua; Kayova; Kaiowa; Kaiova; Chiripá; Nhandeva; Txiripá; Tsiripá; Ñandeva; Apytare; Kaiwá/Kayová; Kayowá; Kaiowá; Caiová; Caiguá; Pãi; Pãi-Tavyterã -2964,Paez,,2.8237,-76.3117,paez1247,pbb,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbb,Páez; Nasa Yuwe; Pez; Paes; Páes -2965,Ute,,37.6818,-113.088,utes1238,ute,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ute,Ute-Southern Paiute; Pai Ute; Paviotso; South Paiute; Southern Paiute; Chemehuevi; Ute-Chemehuevi -2968,Nukak,,2.5,-71.5,nuka1242,mbr,Kakua-Nukak,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbr,Nukak Makú; Maczsa; Guaviare -2969,Nonuya,,-0.156347,-71.782031,nonu1241,noj,Witotoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,noj,Nononota -2970,Nomatsiguenga,,-11.3292,-74.3664,noma1263,not,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,not,Nomatsiguenga Campa; Machinguenga; Nomatsigenga; Nomachiguenga: Atiri; Campa -2971,Nheengatú,,1.2303,-66.8408,nhen1239,yrl,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrl,Ñeengatú; Nhengatu; Yeral; Geral; Língua Geral; Nyengatú; Nyengato; Ñeegatú; Waengatu; Língua Jeral; Jeral; Língua Geral Amazônica; Nheengatú; Tapïhïya -2972,Nanti,,-11.6629,-72.6965,nant1250,cox,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cox,Cogapacori; Kogapakori -2974,Oji-Cree,,53.8141,-94.8977,seve1240,ojs,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ojs,Severn Ojibwe; Severn Ojibwa; Ojicree; Anishininiimowin -2975,Nambikwara,,-13.0,-59.0,sout2994,nab,Nambikwaran,endangered,ISO 639-3,nab,Nambiquara; Southern Nambikwara -2980,Munichi,,-5.8182,-76.1846,muni1258,myr,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,myr,Muniche; Paranapura; Otonabe; Otanave; Munichino -2981,Mundurukú,,-8.1027,-57.3486,mund1330,myu,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,myu,Mundurucu; Monjoroku; Weidyenye; Paiquize; Pari; Caras-Pretas; Mundurucú -2982,Nipode,,-2.41666666667,-71.0,nupo1240,hux,Witotoan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,hux,Huitoto Muinane; Nïpode; Nüpode Huitoto; Huitoto Nipode; Witoto-Kaimo; Nüpode; Nipode Witoto; Muinane Huitoto -2984,Muinane,,-1.0,-72.5,muin1242,bmr,Boran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bmr,Muinana; Muinani; Muename; Muinane Bora; Bora-Muinane; Feenemɨna -2985,Mok,,18.91,99.58,mokk1243,mqt,,,ISO 639-3,mqt,Amok; Hsen-Hsum; Yā-āng Lawa; i-Mok; Angku; Āng-kú; Tai Loi -2988,Mekéns,,-12.967,-61.2652,saki1248,skf,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,skf,Sakirabiát; Sakirabiá; Sakirabiáp; Sakiriabar; Sakirabiák; Sakirap; Amniapa; Sakurabiat; Mekens; Mekém; Mequens; Mekem; Mequem Amniapé; Waratégaya; Amiapé -2990,Western Yiddish,,52.0,23.0,west2361,yih,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,yih,Yiddish; Yiddish; Western; Central Yiddish; Yidish; Judeo-German -2991,Walloon,,50.4575,4.8559,wall1255,wln,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,wln,Walon; Wallon -2992,Mbyá,,-26.5099,-55.2832,mbya1239,gun,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gun,Mbua; Mbiá; Bugre; Mbyá Guaraní; Mbü'a Guaraní; Guaraní language area -2993,Votic,,59.5858,28.4518,voti1245,vot,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vot,Vod; Vot; водский язык; vaďďaa tšeeli; maa tšeeli; vađđa; vadjdjaa; maaceeli; Wotisch; vad'd'alaizet; vod'; čudy; Vodian; Votish; Votisch; vodskij jazyk; vadjan keel; vatjan kieli; Vote; Votian -2994,Penrhyn,,-8.991,-157.974,penr1237,pnh,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnh,Tongareva; Mangarongaro; Penrhynese -2996,Itza',,17.03,-89.87,itza1241,itz,Mayan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itz,Itz; Itzá; Itzaj; Petén Itzá Maya; Yucatec Maya; Icaiche Maya; Maya -2997,Maxakalí,,-16.5519,-40.3417,maxa1247,mbl,Maxakalian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbl,Caposho; Cumanasho; Macuni; Monaxo; Monocho -2998,Võro,,57.8096,27.29,sout2679,vro,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,vro,Dialekt von Võru; Võro kiil; Werro; Voro; Võru; Voru; Vôru -3001,Oroha,,-9.7686,161.51,oroh1237,ora,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ora,Mara Ma-Siki; Oraha; Südliche Salomons-Inseln -3002,Veps,,60.3269,34.8046,veps1250,vep,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,vep,Vepsian; vepsä; вепсский язык; lüüd; vesj; chudj; Wepsisch; vepse; lüd; vepsy; Vepsä; Vepsisch; l΄üd'ikel΄; vepsskij jazyk; Chudy; Chuhari; Chukhari; vepsän kel’ -3003,Tanimbili,,-11.2935,166.5211,tani1255,tbe,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tbe,Nyisunggu -3004,Urum,,47.1166666667,37.55,urum1249,uum,Turkic,endangered,ISO 639-3,uum,урумский язык; урум тыль; Urumca; Urum Türkçesi; урумська мова -3006,Mashco Piro,,-12.0822,-69.7412,mash1270,cuj,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cuj,Mashco; Mashco Piro -3007,Ume Saami,,65.1091,18.2153,umes1235,sju,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sju,Southern Saami; Ume Sami; Umesamiska; Umesamisk; Uumajansaame; уме-саамский язык; Ubmejensámien giella; Ume Lapp -3008,Marubo,,-6.0968,-70.2246,maru1252,mzr,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzr,Marobo; Marúbo; Maruba; Marova; Kaniuá; Katukína; Marubo of the Javari Basin -3009,Ulch,,52.0457,140.4162,ulch1241,ulc,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ulc,Olcha; Ulcha; ульчский язык; Ulchi; Ulych; Olch; Olchis; Hoche; Hol-Chih; Olča; Нани -301,Tchumbuli,,8.43449,2.55627,tchu1241,bqa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bqa,Basa; Tshummbuli; Chombulon; Tchombolo -3010,Udmurt,,56.625346,52.13489,udmu1245,udm,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,udm,Votyak; удмурт кыл; удмуртский язык; вотяцкий язык; udmurt kyl; Ud-murt; Wotjakisch; Votiak; Udmurty; Votiak; Votjakisch; Udmurtskij Jazyk; Wotiaki -3011,Udi,,41.8905,45.913,udii1243,udi,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,udi,удин муз; удинский язык; უდიური ენა; udin muz; Udi dili; Uti; Udin -3012,Mapoyo,,6.0,-67.0,mapo1246,mcg,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mcg,Mapoyo-Yavarana; Mapoyo; Mapayo; Mapoye; Mopoi; Nepoye; Wanai -3013,Chorote,,-24.287,-60.3808,,,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,crq; crt,Choroti; Chorotí; Manjuy; Manjui -3014,Mandahuaca,,1.428,-66.9287,mand1448,mht,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mht,Mitua; Mandauaca; Mandawaka; Ihini; Arihini; Maldavaca; Cunipusana; Yavita; Mandawáka; Mitua -3015,Makushi,,3.6888,-59.4799,macu1259,mbc,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbc,Makushí; Macuxi; Teweya; Teueia; Macushi; Macusi; Makuxí; Macuxí; Makuxi; Macussi; Makusi -3016,Makurap,,-12.1682,-63.0285,maku1278,mpu,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mpu,Makuráp; Makurápi; Macuráp; Macurapi; Massaka; Kurateg; Makurape; Macurap; Macurape -3017,Macuna,,-0.2636,-70.2026,macu1260,myy,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,myy,Erulia; Yeba; Buhagana; Makuna; Roea; Emoa; Ide; Suroa; Tabotiro Jejea; Umua; Wuhána; Paneroa; Jepa-Matsi; Yepá-Mahsá; Yebamasã; Yehpá Majsá; Baigana; Wahana; Makuna-Erulia; Buhágana; Yepá Maxsã -3018,Mako,,4.232227,-66.403103,maco1239,wpc,Saliban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wpc,Maku; Macu; Maco; Itoto; Wotuja; Jojod; Piaroa-Maco; Kuakua; Guagua; Quaqua; Ature; Adole; Piaroa-Mako; Piaroa; Wothüha -3019,Maha,,10.934661,11.682242,maak1236,mew,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mew,Maaka; Maka; Maga; Magha -302,Yangkam,,9.1048,9.8904,yang1290,bsx,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bsx,Yankam; Basharawa; Bashiri; Bashar -3020,Maká,,-25.2122222,-57.5330556,maca1260,mca,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mca,Macca; Towothli; Enimaga; Maca; Towolhi; Maka; Mak'á; Enimaca; Nynaka; Toothle; Macá -3021,Udege,,47.6209,136.0903,udih1248,ude,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ude,Udihe; Udeghe; удэгейский язык; удэйский язык; Удиэ; Udekhe; Udegeis; Udehe; Sprache der Udehe; Udeheische -3022,Machiguenga,,-11.8888,-72.9052,mach1267,mcb,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcb,Machaguenga; Amachengue; Macheyenga; Matsiguenga; Matsiganga; Matsigenka; Mañaries; Matsigenga -3024,Tundra Yukagir,,69.0,155.0,nort2745,ykg,Yukaghir,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ykg,Northern Yukagir; Vadul Yukaghir; cеверноюкагирский язык; вадульский юкагирский язык; pohjoisjukagiirin kieli; Вадун аруу -3025,Macaguán,,6.5,-71.3333333333,maca1259,mbn,Guajiboan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbn,Macaguane; Agualinda Guahibo; Hitnü; Jitnu -3029,Tundra Enets,,71.6973,83.5839,tund1254,enh,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,enh,Somatu Enets; Madu; тундровый энецкий; сомату; Yenisei Samoyed; онаь базаан; ona' bazaan; enetj; enets; Yenisey; Jenissei-Dialekt; Jenisei; Enets; Jenisej-Samojedisch; Enzisch; Yenisey Samoyedic; iénisséi; enete; èncy; Yensisei-Samoyed; Yenisei Samoyedic; Yenisei Somoyed; Enec; Yenets; Yenisey-Samoyedic; Eńeć; Samojedi; Samojedimanzela; enyec nyelv; enetsin kieli -303,Mvanip,,6.7027,11.2225,mvan1238,mcj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcj,Mvanöp; Mvanon; Mvanlip; Mvano; Magu -3032,Arára of Mato Grosso,,-9.777,-59.398,mato1253,axg,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,axg,Arara do Beiradão; Arara do Aripuanã; Arara; Arara do Beiradão; Arara do Rio Branco -3033,Kwaza,,-12.651,-60.4138,kwaz1243,xwa,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xwa,Koiyá; Koaiá; Quaiá; Arara -3034,Tsakhur,,41.6523,46.9775,tsak1249,tkr,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tkr,Tsaxur; Caxur; цахурский язык; Saxur dili; წახური ენა; цӀаӀхна миз; cʼäxna miz; Sakhur; Tsakhury; Tsakhar -3038,Oroch,,49.1781,139.7625,oroc1248,oac,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oac,Orochi; орочский язык; Sprache der Oročonen; Oroć -3039,Tindi,,42.466,46.1453,tind1238,tin,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tin,Tindal; Tindin; тиндийский язык; тиндальский язык; идеринский язык; идаринский язык; идараб мицци; Idarab mittsi -304,Ndunda,,6.9482,10.9698,ndun1251,nuh,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuh, -3040,Sm̓algya̱x ( Coast Tsimshian),,52.5,-129.0,nucl1649,tsi,Tsimshian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tsi,Sm'algyax; Tsimshian; Coast Tsimshian; Chimmezyan; Zimshian; Coast Tsimshian; Sm'algyax; Tsimshean; Tsimpshean; Ts'emsia'n; Maritime; Lower Tsimshianic -3041,Muslim Tat,,41.25,48.75,musl1236,ttt,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ttt,Tati; татский язык; თათური ენა; Թաթերեն; zuhun tati; зуун тати; Mussulman Tati; Tat -3042,Svan,,43.0207,42.3193,svan1243,sva,South Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sva,lušnu nin; სვანური ენა; ლუშნუ ნინ; svanuri ena; сванский язык; лушну нин -3043,Orok,,50.844,142.9,orok1265,oaa,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oaa,Ulta; Ujlta; орокский язык; ульта; уйльта; Uilta; Sprache der Oroken -3044,Southern Altai,,51.069,86.5942,sout2694,alt,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,alt,Altai Kalmuck; Oirot; южноалтайский язык; алтай тили; Oyrot; Altai -3046,Rutul,,41.5332,47.3181,rutu1240,rut,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rut,Rutuly; Mukhad; Mykhanidy; мыхӀабишды чӀел; myxʼabišdy čʼel; рутульский язык; რუთულური ენა; მუხუდური ენა; Chal; Rutal; Rutultsy -3047,Skolt Saami,,69.5333,28.6269,skol1241,sms,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sms,Koltta; Eastern Saami; Kola Saami; Koltansaame; колтта-саамский язык; sääʹmǩiõll; nuõrttsääʹmǩiõll; Skoltesamisk; Skoltesamiska -3048,Shor,,53.0544,87.7478,shor1247,cjs,Turkic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cjs,Kuznets Tatar; Kondoma Tatar; Mras-Su Tatar; шорский язык; Шор тили; šor tili; Тадар тили; tadar tili; Schoren; Minusinsk-Tataren; Şorca; Şor Türkçesi -3049,Scottish Gaelic,,58.1011,-6.7675,scot1245,gla,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gla,Gaelic; Scottish; Gaelic (Scots); Scottish Gaelic; Scotch-Gaelic; Gàidhlig; Gaelic; Scots Gaelic; Albannach Gaidhlig; Erse; Gadhelisch -305,Defaka,,4.58333333333,7.5,defa1248,afn,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,afn,Afakani -3051,Tabasaran,,41.8333333333,47.9166666667,taba1259,tab,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tab,Tabassaran; табасаранский язык; თაბასარანული ენა; Թաբասարաներեն; табасаран чIал; tabasaran č’al; Tabasaran dili; Tabasarantsy; Ghumghum -3052,Saterfriesisch,,53.1059,7.6787,sate1242,stq,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,stq,East Frisian; Saterfriesiesch; Saterländisch; Saterlandic Frisian; Frisian -3053,Port Sandwich,,-16.447254,167.804502,port1285,psw,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,psw,Lamap -3054,Ngatik Men's Creole,,5.787374,157.155433,ngat1248,ngm,Pidgin or Creole,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ngm,Ngatik Men's Language; Ngatikese; Micronesian Pidgin -3055,Nemi,,-20.6494,164.6878,nemi1240,nem,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nem,Neukaledonien -3056,Neku,,-21.5169,165.4568,neku1237,nek,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nek,Neukaledonien -3065,Navwien,,-16.485019,167.576411,navw1234,,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hx, -3066,Nauruan,,-0.5,166.916666667,naur1243,nau,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nau,Nauru -3067,Sakizaya,,24.0088,121.5898,nata1254,ais,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ais,Northern Amis; Nataoran; Natawran; Tauran; Sprache von Formosa; Nataoran Amis; 南勢阿美語; 撒奇萊雅語; 北部阿美語 -3068,Nasarian,,-16.310401,167.459073,nasa1240,nvh,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nvh,Mallicolo -3069,Bocotá,,8.5,-81.25,bugl1243,sab,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sab,Buglere; Bokota; Bogota; Bofota; Bobota; Bocota; Bukueta; Nortenyo; Murire; Veraguas Sabanero; Bokotá; Bogotá; Sabanero; Boncota; Muoy -3070,Cabécar,,9.75,-83.4166666667,cabe1245,cjp,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cjp,Kabékar; Cabecar; Tucurrique; Chiripo; Chirripó; Estrella -308,Dulbu,,9.985,10.0579,dulb1238,dbo,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dbo, -3085,Kuruaya,,-5.0033,-53.9208,kuru1309,kyr,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,kyr,Kuruáya; Caravare; Curuaia; Kuruaia -3086,Krenak,,-19.1937,-41.1527,kren1239,kqq,Krenakan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kqq,Botocudo; Aimoré; Nakrehé; Nakpié; Naknyanúk; Etwet; Minyãyirún; Yiporók; Pojitxá; Potén; Krekmún; Bakuén; Aranã; Batachoa; Crenaque -3087,Krahô,,-7.711,-47.316,krah1246,xra,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,xra, -3090,Korubo,,-5.8346,-70.9277,koru1247,xor,Pano-Tacanan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xor,Caceteiros; Chankuëshbo -3091,Coreguaje,,1.0,-75.5,kore1283,coe,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,coe,Corehuaje; Correguaje; Correguaje-Tama; Koreguaje; Ko'reuaju; Caquetá; Chaocha Pai; Korewahe -3092,Zay,,8.0728,38.8476,zayy1238,zwa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,zwa,Zway; Lak'i; Laqi; Gelilla; Zoay -3093,Kumzari,,26.16045,56.418,kumz1235,zum,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zum,Kumzāri; Komzāri; Komzari; Kamzáree; شاریَْکُ; شاريَْکُ -3094,Zeem,,10.15,9.266667,zeem1242,zua,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,zua, -3097,Cogui,,10.8548,-74.0258,cogu1240,kog,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kog,Kogui; Coghui; Kogi; Coqui; Cágaba; Kagaba; Kaggaba; Káugian; Köggaba -3098,Mebengokre,,-6.5569,-52.4707,kaya1330,txu,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,txu,Kayapó; Cayapo; Kokraimoro; Cayapó; Gorotire; Southern Cayapo; Mebêngokrê; Xikrin; Put Karot -3099,Katxúyana,,2.043,-55.4589,kaxu1237,kbb,Cariban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kbb,Kashuyana-Warikyana; Kaxuiana; Kaxuiâna; Kashuyana; Kashujana; Kachuana; Kaxuyâna; Kahyana; Kaxúyana; Katxúyana; Warikiana; Warikyana; Werikyana; Ingarïnyana; Ingarüna; Xikuyana; Txikuyana; Xikïyana; Txikïyana; Pauxi -3100,Kaxararí,,-9.5682,-66.1596,kaxa1239,ktx,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ktx,Cacharari; Kashararí; Kaxariri; Kaxarari -3101,Kawésqar,,-49.6391,-74.3554,qawa1238,alc,Kawesqaran (Alacalufan),critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,alc; qawa1238,Kawesqar; Kaweskar; Qawasqar; Kawashkar; Qawashqar; Halakwalup; Pecheré; Southern Alacaluf -3102,Katukina do Acre,,-6.4899,-69.2578,pano1254,knt,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,knt,Katukina; Katukína; Panoan; Catuquina; Kamanawa; Kamannaua; Katukina do Juruá; Wanninawa -3103,Katawixi,,-8.8416,-66.0937,kata1270,xat,Harakmbut-Katukinan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xat,Catauisi; Catauichí; Catawixi; Catauixi; Catawishi; Catauichi; Hewadie; Katawishi; Katawishí; Katawishi; Quatausi -3106,Karitiana,,-9.7307,-64.0942,kari1311,ktn,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktn,Karitiâna; Caritiana; Karitiána -3107,Karipuna,,-10.0,-65.0,kari1317,kuq,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kuq,Karipúna do Guaporé; Caripuna; Jau-Navo; Juanauo; Karipuná de Rondônia; Kagwahiva; Karipuna; Karipuna do Guapore; Parintintín/Tenharim/Juma; Kawahib/Paranawat/Pawaté-Wirafed; Tukumanfed; Diahoi [Jiahui; Djahui; Diarroi]; Ah'e; Kagwahiva; Kari -3110,Antakirinya,,-27.05245189,134.4007513,anta1253,ant,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ant,Kadjilaranda; Madutara; Mbenderinga; Ngonde; Njuntundjara; Tangara; Untergerrie; Walarangunja; Walarenunga; Yandairunga; Aldolinga; Aluna; Andagarinja; Andagarinya; Andagirinja; Andegilliga; Andekarinja; Andgari; Andigari; Andigarina; Andigarinya; Andigiri; Andigirinji; Andingiri; Andjirigna; Andjiringna; Andrgrinji; Anjirigna; Antakarinja; Antakerinya; Antakirinja; Antegarinya; Antekarinja; Anterrikanya; Antigari; Antigerinya; Antikarinya; Antikirinya; Antin-gari; Antakerrinya; Unterrgerrie; Anderkerinja; Antakarinya -3111,Carapana,,0.9337,-70.8178,cara1272,cbc,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbc,Carapano; Mochda; Moxdoa; Karapaná; Karapano; Carapana-Tapuya; Carapanã; Mextã; Karapana; Miranya Carapana Tapuya; Mi tea; Mochda; Moxdoa; Muxtea -3113,Kapixaná,,-10.79,-65.332,kano1245,kxo,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kxo,Capixana; Kanoé; Kapishaná; Kapixaná/Kanoé -3114,Tejalapan Zapotec,,17.1099,-96.8539,teja1235,ztt,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,ztt,Zapoteco de San Felipe Tejalapan; Zapoteco de Tejalápam -3116,San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.22,-96.34,sana1286,ztm,Otomanguean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ztm,Zapotec; Zapotec; San Agustín Mixtepec -3117,Elotepec Zapotec,,18.108522,-96.138497,elot1235,,Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,elot1235,Elotepec; Elotepec Papabuco -3122,Kamayurá,,-12.1655,-53.4292,kama1373,kay,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kay,Kamaiurá; Camaiura; Kamayirá; Kamayura; Kamayur; Camaiurá -3124,Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.3333333333,-96.3333333333,mixt1426,zpm,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zpm,Mixtepec Zapotec; Zapotec (Mixtepec); Zapoteco (Mixtepec); Southern Mountain Zapotec; Miahuatec; Miahuatlan; Zapotec; Eastern Zapoteco; Zapotec; Mixtepec; Zapoteco de San Juan Mixtepec -3125,Tlacolulita Zapotec,,16.3,-95.7166,tlac1240,,Otomanguean,endangered,Glottolog,tlac1240,Southeastern Yautepec Zapotec; Zapoteco de Asunción Tlacolulita -3127,Transyautepecan Zapotec,,16.8333,-95.1166,,,Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,tran1297; guev1238; lach1250; peta1247; quia1235,Petapa Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Petapa; Zapoteco de Santa María Petapa; Eastern Zapotec; Transyautepecan Zapotec dialect continuum -3128,Yautepec Zapotec,,16.4333,-95.9666,yaut1235,zpb,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,zpb,Northwestern Yautepec Zapotec; Zapoteco de San Bartolo Yautepec -3129,Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.88,-96.87,asun1236,,Otomanguean,severely endangered,Glottolog,asun1236,North Central Zimatlan Zapotec; Zapoteco de Asunción Mixtepec; Central Zapotec -3130,Mangas,,10.105134,9.821771,mang1416,zns,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,zns, -3132,Mbariman-Gudhinma,,-14.629469,143.850325,mbar1253,zmv,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmv,Rimang-Gudinhma; Port Stewart Lamalama; Parimankutinma; Bariman Gutinhma; Bariman Gudinhma; Rimanggudinhma; Rima-nggudininhma -3133,Muruwari,,-28.94787072,146.6193904,muru1266,zmu,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmu,Marawari; Muruwarri; Murawarri; Murawari; Murruwurri; Murra-warri; Muruworri; Muruwurri; Murueri; Moorawarree; Moorawarrie; Morowari; Murrawarri; Marraawarree; Murri -3134,Molo,,10.898,34.2773,molo1257,zmo,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,zmo,Malkan; Tura-Ka-Molo -3136,Mandandanyi,,-27.019333,148.776722,mand1417,zmk,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmk,Mandandanjnjdji; Mandandanji; Mundaeinbura; Mundainbara; Kogai; Cogai -3137,Kakua,,1.08333333333,-70.0,cacu1241,cbv,Kakua-Nukak,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbv,Cacua; Macu de Cubeo; Macu de Guanano; Macu de Desano; Bada; Kakwa; Bará; Báda; Kákwa; Báda; Cakua; Macú-Paraná; Wacara -3138,Mangerr,,-12.23445,133.017806,mang1382,zme,Giimbiyu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zme,Mangerri; Mangerei; Mennagi; Mangeri; Giimbiyu; Mengerrdji; Berrigurruk; Erei; Eri; Mangarr; Mangarryu; Manger; Mangerdji; Mangeryu; Mengerdji; Mengerei; Mengerr; Mengerri; Menngarr; Rereri; Reveri -3139,Margany,,-27.21067033,144.7191154,marg1253,zmc,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmc,Marrganj; Maranganji; Mardigan; Marukanji; Marganj; Marnganji; Murngain; Murgoin; Murgoan -3140,Zakhring,,28.4735,96.4764,zakh1243,zkr,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,zkr,Charumba; Zaiwa; Meyor; Zha; 扎語; 扎話 -3142,Ziriya,,10.350721,8.850492,ziri1239,zir,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,zir,Jiriya -3144,Zangskari,,34.0833,76.85,zang1248,zau,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zau,Zanskari; Zaskari; Zangs-dkar; Z'angkar -3145,Zaramo,,-6.922,39.2409,zara1247,zaj,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zaj,Zalamo; Kizaramo; Dzalamo; Zaramu; Saramo; Myagatwa -3146,Zangwal,,10.229789,9.73035,zang1255,zah,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,zah,Zwangal; Twar -3148,Kaingang,,-28.1495,-52.4707,kain1272,kgp,Jean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgp,Kaingan; Bugre; Coroado; Coroados; Caingang; Kaingng -3149,Kawaiwete,,-11.1972,-53.2342,kaya1329,kyz,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kyz,Kayabí; Kajabí; Caiabi; Parua; Maquiri; Caiabí; Paruá -3150,Kadiwéu,,-20.5222,-56.7237,kadi1248,kbc,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbc,Mbaya-Guaikuru; Caduveo; Ediu-Adig; Mbayá; Guaicuru; Mbaya; Mbayá-Guaycuru; Guaicurú -3151,Kaapor,,-2.8991,-46.3183,urub1250,urb,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urb,Urubú-Kaapor; Urubú; Kaaporté; Caapor; Ka'apor; Anambé; Guajá; Urubú; Amanajé; Manaze; Amanage; Manaxo; Manajo; Manazo; Ka'apór; Urubú-Ka'apór -3152,Juruna,,-10.956,-53.3235,juru1256,jur,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,jur,Jurúna; Yurúna; Iuruna; Jaruna; Yudya; Yuruna; Jurna; Yudjá; Djudjá -3155,Wakhi,,37.178789,73.982639,wakh1245,wbl,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wbl,Guhjali; Wakhani; Wakhigi; Vakhan; Khik -3156,Yazgulyami,,38.1982,71.4276,yazg1240,yah,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yah,Iazgulem; Yazgulam; Yazghulami; Yazgulyam; Yuzdomi zəvég; Zgamígi zəvég; Zgamígayi zəvég -3157,E'ma Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,emab1235,yzg,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,yzg,Buyang Zhuang; Eastern Buyang; Funing Buyang; Buozaang; Langjia Buyang; 峨馬布央; 郎架布央 -3158,Yau,,-6.09554,146.8213,yaus1235,yyu,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,yyu, -3159,Yawarrawarrka,,-26.49578047,140.609109,yawa1258,yww,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yww,Yawarrawarka; Jauraworka; Jaurorka; Yara-wuarka; Yarrawaurka; Yarrawurka; Yarroworka; Yauarawaka; Yaurawakka; Yauroka; Yaurorka; Yauroworka; Yawarawarka; Yerawaka; Yowerawarrika; Yowerawoolka; Yawarawarga -3160,Yawuru,,-17.91457525,122.3569459,yawu1244,,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,,ywr; dyd,Yaoro; Jaudjibara; Jawdjibaia; Jawdjibara; Yaudjibara; Yaudijbaia; Yawjibara; Jawadjag; Winjawindjagu; Jauor; Yauor; Yauera; Djauor; Yauro; Yaroro; Yawur; Jaoro; Jauro; Jawuru; Kakudu-Kakudu; Gawor; Nawudu; Jukun; Dyugun -3161,Kolyma Yukaghir,,65.4936,151.0757,sout2750,yux,Yukaghir,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yux,Forest Yukagir; Southern Yukagir; южноюкагирский язык; Forest Yukaghir; Jukagirisch; Odul; Kolyma; Kolym; Southern Yukaghir; Одул; Одун ажуу -3162,Yug,,61.0,90.0,yugh1240,yuu,Yeniseian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yuu,Yugh; Southern Ket; Sym Ket; D'uk; югский язык -3163,Guarayu,,-15.919,-62.8747,guar1292,gyr,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyr,Guarayú; Chapacura; Guarayo; Guapore; Tapacura; Huachi; Maré; Iten; Guarayu; Guarayo; Ñañañe -3164,Cimbrian,,45.867,11.4268,cimb1238,cim,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,cim,Tzimbro; Zimbrisch -3165,Yarawata,,-4.9377,145.4946,yara1250,yrw,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrw, -3166,Yarsun,,-2.119,139.475,yars1234,yrs,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrs, -3170,Dunan (Yonaguni Ryukyuan),,24.458,122.9802,yona1241,yoi,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yoi,どぅなんむぬい; Dunan-Munui; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 与那国語; 与那国方言 -3171,Corsican,,42.0819,9.0307,cors1241,cos,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cos,Corsu; Corso; Corse; Corsi -3173,Yandruwandha,,-27.60748622,140.5779752,yand1253,ynd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ynd,Endawarra; Innamouka; Jandruwanta; Jandruwalda; Jendru-wonta; Jendruwonta; Yandruwunta; Yandruwonta; Yantruwanta; Yandra Wandra; Yandrawontha; Yanderawantha; Yanderawartha; Yantowannta; Yandu-wulda; Yanduwulda; Yantruwunta; Jandruwontha; Yanderwartha -3174,Muzi,,23.277,103.151,muzi1235,ymz,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ymz,Muji; Mogeha -3175,Northern Muji,,23.133,103.382,nort2716,ymx,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymx,Bokha; Hlaka Mujima; Phula -3176,Qila Muji,,22.601,103.163,qila1235,ymq,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymq,Doka; Mujitsu; Phutsu; Phuzu; Phula; Muji -3177,Cypriot Spoken Arabic,,35.25,33.5,cypr1248,acy,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,acy,Cypriot Arabic: Kormakiti; Cypriot Arabic; Arabic (Kormakiti); Arabic; Cypriot Spoken; Cypriot Maronite Arabic; Maronite; Sanna; Arabic; Cypriot Spoken -3178,Yamna,,-2.09,139.21,yamn1237,ymn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymn, -3179,Moji,,23.6,102.7333,moji1238,ymi,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymi,Flathead Phulai; Muji; Phula; Phulawa; Pingtou Phula -3180,Yaméo,,-4.4449,-73.5644,yame1242,yme,Yaguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yme,Yameo; Masamae Yameo; Llameo; Camuchivo; Masamae; Mazan; Parara -3181,Dagur,,48.0,124.0,daur1238,dta,Mongolic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dta,Daur; Daguor; Dawar; Dawo'er; Tahur; Tahuerh; Dahur; Tongusikonni; 達斡爾 -3182,Southern Muji,,22.908,103.22,sout2722,ymc,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymc,Aga; Khlaka; Lahi; Muzi; Phula; Tjeki; Tshebu; Tshibu; Muji; Southern; Hlaka; Mujima -3188,Yakaikeke,,-10.09,149.98,yaka1275,ykk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ykk, -3189,Dalecarlian,,61.2385,14.0295,dale1238,dlc,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlc,Dalska; Dalmaal -3191,Miqie Yi,,25.530389,102.404338,miqi1235,yiq,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,yiq,Yi; Micha; Minqi; Lolo; Yi; Miqie; 密岔 -3192,Yindjilandji,,-19.206136,137.392852,yind1248,yil,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yil,Bularnu; Dhidhanu; Injdjiladji; Indjilandji; Yinjilanji; Indjilindji; Injilinji; Intjilatja; Indjurandji; Indkilindji); Inchalachee; Inchalanche -3193,Yindjibarndi,,-22.10432211,118.0814646,yind1247,yij,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yij,Binjiebandie; Indjiban; Indjibandje; Indjibandji; Ingibandi; Ingi-bandi; Indjibandi; Injibandi; Jana:ri; Jind'iparndi; Jindjibandi; Jindjibanji; Jindjiparndi; Kakardi; Mandanjongo; Mardanjungu; Yanari; Yingiebandie; Yinytjiparnti; Yinjtjipartnti; Kurama-Jindjibandi -3196,Dukha,,51.9307,98.9318,dukh1234,,Turkic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1hv,Tuha; Tsaatan -3197,Yidiny,,-17.11594422,145.7736814,yidi1250,yii,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yii,Yidini; Idinji; Boolboora; Deba; Eneby; Gerrah; Gijow; Gillah; Guwamal; Idin Idindji; Idin-Wudjar; Indindji; Jidindji; Kitba; Maimbie; Mungera Ohalo; Pegullo-Bura; Warra-Warra; Warryboora; Woggil; Yetinji; Yiddinji; Yidin; Yidindji; Yitintyi; Yukkaburra; Ilba; Mungerra; Peulloburra; Yiti-ntyi; Mungera; Pegullobura; Idin; Wudjar -3198,Yingkarta,,-25.269536,114.361324,ying1247,yia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yia,Yinggarda; Ingarda; Ingada; Jinggarda; Ingara; Ingarrah; Inparra; Kakarakala; Inggadi; Angaardi; Angaardie; Ingarra; Ingra; Ingadi; Kurudandi; Jaburua; Inggarda -3201,Yevanic,,31.8,35.11,yeva1238,yej,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,yej,Judeo-Greek; Romaniyot; Romaniote; Yevanitika -3202,Apuriná,,-5.4847,-63.8964,apur1254,apu,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,apu,Ipuriná; Kangite; Apurinã; Ipurina; Apurinã; Ipurinãn; Popengare; Cangaiti; Cacharary -3203,Eastern Mari,,57.0,48.0,east2328,mhr,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mhr,Meadow Mari; Cheremis; Grassland Mari; олык марий; niittymari; itämari; лугово-восточный марийский; черемисский язык; Cheremiss; Low Mari; Eastern Cheremis; Tscheremissisch; Cheremissian; Tchérémisse; Marijcy; Mari-Woods; Low Mari; Lugovo Mari; Čeremissisch; Marij Jylme; Marijskij Jazyk -3206,Romagnol,,44.23,11.72,roma1328,rgn,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,rgn,Emiliano-Romagnolo; Rumagnol -3207,Erzya,,54.1302,45.4394,erzy1239,myv,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,myv,Mordvin; Erza; эрзянский язык; erzja; Mordwin; Mordva; erza; Erzya-Mordva; Mordwinisch; Erza-Mordwinisch; Mordvinisch; Ersä-Mundart; Mordvinian; mordve; erźa; Mordvin-Erzya; Erzia; Erzá; Erzja; Erza-Mordvinisch; erzjan΄ kel΄; erzjanskij jazyk; Morduini; Mordua; eŕźań keĺ; эрзянь кель; Ersän kieli; ersämordva -3208,Baniwa,,1.2743,-68.291,bani1255,bwi,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwi,Baniwa; Baniva; Baniva do Içana; Suicí; Ualiperi; Siusi; Baniua do Içana; Maniba; Baniba; Issana; Dakenei; Karútana-Baniwa; Karútana-Baniva; Baniba; Baniua do Içana; Kohoroxitari -3210,Yidgha,,36.016122,71.509711,yidg1240,ydg,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ydg,Yudgha; Yudga; Yidga; Lutkuhwar -3211,Eastern Yiddish,,51.75,19.42,east2295,ydd,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,ydd,Central Yiddish; Judeo-German -3212,Yawiyo,,-4.45322,142.0981,yawi1238,ybx,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ybx,Yabio -3214,Kaixana,,-3.106,-60.026,kais1242,,Arawakan,dormant,LINGUIST List,08c,Caixana -3216,Yamphu,,27.5833333333,87.3333333333,yamp1242,ybi,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ybi,Rai; Yamphu Rai; Yamphu Kha; Yanphu; Yamphe; Jindā -3217,Yaghnobi,,38.5632,68.4475,yagn1238,yai,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yai,Yagnob; Yaghnob; Yagnobi; Yaghnabi; yaγnobīˊ zivók -3218,Mehináku,,-12.5423,-53.2403,mehi1240,mmh,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmh,Mehinacú; Minaco; Mehinacu; Mehináku; Mehinaco; Mahinaku; Mahinacu; Meinaku; Uara; Aura -3219,Hixkaryana,,-0.5493,-58.5131,hixk1239,hix,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,hix,Hishkariana; Hixkaryána; Hishcariana; Waiboi; Hixkariana; Hichkaryana; Sokaka; Faruaru; Xereu; Kumiyana; Parukoto-Charuma; Sherewyana; Wabui; Xerewyana; Parucutu; Chawiyana; Hishkaryana -3220,Ikpéng,,-11.7376,-53.616,ikpe1245,txi,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,txi,Txikāo; Ikpeng; Txicão; Txikân; Chikaon; Chicao; Tunuli; Tonore -3222,Kuthant,,-17.62807482,140.8636671,kuth1240,xut,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xut,Gudhand; Gudanda; Gudhanda; Karundi; Karunti; Kurandi; Ka-rantee; Karrandi; Karrandee; Gar-und-yih; Gooran; Kotanda; Kutanda; Goothanto -3228,Silopi,,-5.135,145.5784,silo1240,xsp,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,xsp, -3229,Dene K'e (Slavey),,61.8154,-121.3346,sout2959,xsl,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsl,Dene K'e; Dene; Dene Tha'; Acha'otinne; Dene Tha (ᑌᓀ ᒐ); Slave; Slavey; South Slavey; Slavi; Slave; Dené; Mackenzian -3231,Karawa,,-10.09628868,147.8647003,kara1495,xrw,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xrw,Bulawa -3232,Kopar,,-3.86342597,144.5258484,kopa1248,xop,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,xop, -3233,Komo,,9.0804,34.0905,komo1258,xom,Koman,threatened,ISO 639-3,xom,Koma of Daga; Como; Central Koma; Gokwom; Hayahaya; Madiin; Koma; South Koma -3235,Kanashi,,32.0833333333,77.25,kana1283,xns,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,xns,Kanasi; Kanāshī; Kanaśi; Mālāni -3236,Kanakanavu,,23.1463,120.6782,kana1286,xnb,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xnb,Kanabu; Kanakanabu; Sprache von Formosa; 卡那卡那富語 -3237,Mayi-Kutuna,,-18.64602942,139.6972619,maya1280,xmy,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmy,Maigudina; Maigudung; Maikudun; Maikudung; Maikudunu; Mayagoondoon; Mika-doon; Mikoodoono; Mikoolun; Mygoodan; Mygoodano; Mayi-KutanaMayaguduna -3239,Kamu,,-13.874192,131.143664,kamu1258,xmu,Eastern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmu,Gamor; Kamor; Ngangigamor; Malak Malak; Gamu; Ngangigmor; Gamy; Kamorrkir; Komorrkir -3240,Kuku-Mangk,,-14.464675,142.400131,kuku1279,xmq,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmq,Kugu-Mangk -3241,Kuku-Mu'inh,,-14.574539,141.631086,kuku1282,xmp,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmp,Kugu-Mu'inh -3243,Kuku-Muminh,,-14.305372,142.273786,kuku1283,xmh,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmh,Kugu-Muminh; Wik Muminh; Wik-Mumin; Kugu; Gugu Muminh; Kugu-Mumihn -3246,Kumbewaha,,-5.34,123.15,kumb1274,xks,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xks,Umbewaha -3247,Kabatei,,37.05,49.76,kaba1276,xkp,,,ISO 639-3,xkp, -3248,Kajali,,35.9,53.48,kaja1247,xkj,,,ISO 639-3,xkj, -3250,Kagoro,,9.614713,8.393548,kago1248,xkg,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkg,Kakolo -3252,Kho'ini,,36.9,48.62,khoi1250,xkc,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xkc, -3255,Xiandao,,24.9263,98.2414,acha1249,acn,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,acn,Xiandaohua; Chintaw; Xiantao; 仙島話 -3257,Kelo,,9.4463,34.0219,kelo1246,xel,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,xel,Tornasi; Kelo-Beni Sheko; Ndu-Faa-Keelo -3260,Kalmyk-Oirat,,46.566667,45.316667,kalm1243,xal,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xal,Kalmyk; West Mongolian; Xal‘mg keln; Kalmuk; Kalmuck; Kalmack; Qalmaq; kalmytskii jazyk; Khal:mag; Oirat; Volga Oirat; European Oirat; Western Mongolian; Weilate; Xinjiang Mongolian; Western Mongol; Oiratisch; Kalmückisch; Western Mongul; Xal'maq; Calmucki; Хальмг келн; калмыцкий язык -3261,Kachari,,26.5,91.0,kach1279,xac,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,xac,Boro; Bårå; Plains Kachari; Cachari; Kachāri -3262,Romansch,,46.5777,9.6954,roma1326,roh,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,roh,Grishun; Rumauntsch; Rheto-Romance; Rhaeto-Romance; Romansh; Romanche; Rhäto-Romanisch; Romanisch; Rätoromanisch -3263,Carpathian Romani,,46.3165,22.3681,carp1235,rmc,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmc,Romani; Carpathian; Romany; Cigány; Bashaldo; Romungro; Hungarian-Slovak Romani; Zigeuner; European Romany -3265,Pontic,,37.919075,23.667883,pont1253,pnt,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnt,Pontic Greek; Romeyka; Rumca; Rumcika; Romeika -3267,Jabutí,,-12.05,-64.6655,djeo1235,jbt,Jabutian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jbt,Yabutí; Jabotí; Djeoromitxi; Jeoromitxi; Kipiu; Quipiu -3269,Poitevin,,46.0579,-0.5493,poit1240,,Indo-European,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-poi, -3271,Irantxe,,-13.0,-58.0,iran1263,irn,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,irn,Iranshe; Iranxe; Irntxe; Iranche; Mynky; Münkü; Menki; Manoki; Myky; Irántxe -3272,Iñapari,,-12.0822,-69.7412,inap1243,inp,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,inp; inap1243,Inapori; Inapari; Inamarí; Iapari; Inamarí -3273,Piemontese,,45.0,7.66666666667,piem1238,pms,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pms,Italian (Turinese); Piedmontese -3274,Lowland Ecuadorian Quichua,,-0.996959,-77.814102,napo1242,qvo,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvo,Napo; Napo Quichua; Lowland Napo Quichua; Runa Shimi; Santa Rosa Quechua; Santarrosino; Quijo; Quixo; Kicho; Yumbo; Napo Kichua; Napo Lowland Quechua; Lowland Kichua -3275,Hupda,,0.3845,-70.1367,hupd1244,jup,Nadahup,threatened,ISO 639-3,jup,Hup; Hubde; Hupdë; Hupdá Makú; Jupdá Macú; Makú-Hupdá; Macú de Tucano; Ubdé; Hupdë -3276,Picard,,50.2331,2.7905,pica1241,pcd,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pcd,Rouchi; Chtimi -3277,Huilliche,,-40.4803,-73.5424,huil1244,huh,Araucanian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,huh,Williche; Veliche; Huiliche; Beliche; Huilche; Mapuche; Chesungun; Chedungun; Tsesungun; Chesumun; Tsesumun -3278,Huambisa,,-3.4476,-77.7941,huam1247,hub,Chicham family (Jivaroan),threatened,ISO 639-3,hub,Jíbaro; Xívaro; Huambiza; Wambisa; Wampis; Maina; Shuar-Huampis -3279,Komi-Permyak,,59.5,54.5,komi1269,koi,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,koi,Komi; Permyak; Komi-Perm; коми-пермяцкий язык; Komipermjakki; Permin komi; перем коми кыв; Kama Permyak; Komi-Permyat; komi-permjackij jazyk -3280,Yazva,,60.0348,57.536,komi1277,,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,kpv-yaz,Komi-Yazva; Eastern Permyak; коми-язьвинский язык; Коми-Ёдз кыл; Komi-Yodz kyl; jazvan komi; Komi-Javinisch; Yaz'va; Yaźva -3281,Livvi,,61.1273,32.8765,livv1243,olo,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,olo,Livvi Karelian; Olonets; Aunus; ливвиковский язык; liygi; livvin kieli; Aunuksenkarjalan kieli; Livvikovian; Southern Olonetsian; Olonec; Südwest-Karelisch; Olonetzisch; aunuksen kieli; livviki; livvikovskij jazyk; Southern Karelian; Lívõnkél; Livvikovian; Olonecian; Livvisch -3282,North Saami,,67.5113,20.1523,nort2671,sme,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,sme; nort2671,Sami; North Sámi (sápmi or sámegiella); Northern Saami; Norwegian Sami; pohjoissaame; Nordsamiska; Nordsamisk; северносаамский язык; Same; Saami; Lapp; Sámegiella; davvisámegiella; Northern Lapp; Northern Lappish; Norwegian Lapp; Cohkkiras (Jukkasjarvi) variety -3283,Northern Frisian,,54.5,9.0,nort2626,frr,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,frr,Frisian (North); Frisian (Northern); Frisian; North Frisian; Nordfriesisch; Friesisch; Frisian; Northern -3284,Norman,,49.081,-0.6591,norm1245,,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-nor,Northern French; Normand -3305,Animere,,7.6129,0.4064,anim1239,anf,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,anf,Anyimere; Kunda -3307,Ngiyambaa,,-31.27664417,146.0548388,wang1291,wyb,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wyb,Wongaibon; Ngiyampaa; Wangaaybuwan; Wongai-bun; Wonghibone; Wonjhi-bon; Wonjibone; Wongi-bone; Wonghibon; Wonghi; Wun-gai; Wuzai; Wozai; Wo'yaibun; Mudall; Wongagibun; Wombungee; Ngemba; Ngiamba; Ngeumba; Ngiumba; Gaiamba; Wangaybuwan-NgiyambaaWangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa -3308,Warrwa,,-17.2069978,124.2149579,warr1258,wwr,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wwr,Warwa; Warrawai; Wa:rwa; Warwai; Warrwai; Waruwa; Kolaruma -3309,Kamara,,9.0858,-2.2576,kama1357,jmr,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jmr,Mara -3310,Warnang,,10.6538,30.6298,warn1244,wrn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrn,Werni -3312,Wulna,,-12.507736,131.334011,wuln1239,wux,Limilngan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wux,Woolna; Beriguruk; Berrigurruk; Birrigarak; Djeramanga; Djerimanga; Erei; Eri; Jermangel; Perrigurruk; Waak; Wolna; Woolnah; Woolner; Woolnough; Wulnar; Wuna -3315,Wunambal,,-15.00496682,125.5973866,wuna1249,wub,Worrorran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wub,Unambal; Wunambul; Northern Language; Wumnabal; Wunambullu; Yeidji; Yeithi; Jeidji; Jeithi; Wunumabal; Woonambal -3317,Konni,,10.25,-1.58333333333,konn1242,kma,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kma,Koma; Koni; Komung -3319,Wotapuri-Katarqalai,,34.710061,70.847314,wota1240,wsv,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,wsv,Wotapūrī-Katāqalāī; Wotapuri; Dardu; Katarkalai -3321,Wusi,,-15.341,166.676,wusi1237,wsi,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wsi,Wusi-Kerepua; Kula -3322,Warembori,,-1.66666666667,137.583333333,ware1253,wsa,Lower Mamberamo,endangered,ISO 639-3,wsa,Warenbori; Waremboivoro -3323,Warray,,-13.62902944,131.8232754,wara1290,wrz,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrz,Awarai; Awarra; Awarrai; Nawarray; Warai; Warei; Warrai; Wolwonga; Woolwonga; Wulwongga; Arwur; Waray (in Australia); Waray -3324,Wiradjuri,,-33.72620502,147.0281347,wira1262,wrh,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrh,Wuradjeri; Wordjerg; Woradjerg; Woradjera; Woradgery; Wooratherie; Wooratheri; Woorajuri; Wooragurie; Woorad-gery; Wirrathuri; Wirrajerry; Wirrajeree; Wirrai-yarrai; Wirrai'yarrai; Wirraiyarrai; Wirraijuri; Wirraidyuri; Wirra-dthoor-ree; Wirra-dthooree; Wirradjery; Wirradhurri; Wirra-dhari; Wira-durei; Wiradurei; Wiradthuri; Wiradthery; Wiradjeri; Wiradhurri; Wiradhari; Wira-Athorree; Wi-iratheri; Wiiratheri; Wiiradurei; Werogery; Weradgerie; Weorgery; Weerarthery; Wayradgee; WarraiDurhai; Warradjerrie; Warandgeri; Waradgery; Waradgeri; Kunamildan; Berrembeel; Wirradgerry; Wirraddury; Wirrach-arree; Wirracharee; Wir-ra'jer-ree; Wirra'jerre'; Wirotheree; Wiratu-rai; Wiratheri; Wirathere; Wira-shurri; Wirashuri; Wirajeree; Wiraijuri; Wiraidyuri; Wiragere; Wiradyuri; Wiraduri; Wira-Athoree; Wiradhuri -3325,Gudjal,,-19.44157406,144.6482584,waru1264,wrg,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wrg,Warrungu; Warungu; Gugu-Badhun; Gudjala; Warrialgona; Kuritjal; Warrongo; Kutjala; Warungu; Koko Patun -3326,Warluwarra,,-22.29484937,138.5359391,warl1256,wrb,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrb,Didjadidja; Elookera; Maula; Mauula; Mawula; Walgra; Wallawarra; Walookera; Waloo-kera; Walugara; Walugera; Walukara; Waluwara; Wlookera; Wolga; Wollegara; Wollegarra; Yannalinka; Yunnalinka; Kapula; Parnkarra; Warluwara -3328,Woleaian,,7.33333333333,143.833333333,wole1240,woe,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,woe, -3329,Kuwema,,-12.481775,130.670058,tyar1236,woa,Northern Daly,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,woa,Tyaraity; Dyeraidy; Daktjerat; Tjerait; Djeradj; Djerag; Tyeraity; Djeraity; Djerait; Cherites; Sherait; Tjiras; Daktyeraty; Daktyerat; Djeraidj; Scherits; Cherait; Cherite; Dek Tjerratj; Dek Tjirratj; Djiratj; Guwe; Guwema; Jeerite; Nguluk Angguwe; Paperbark natives; Ponga-ponga; Tjerratj -3330,Wanggamala,,-24.165636,136.873036,wang1289,wnm,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wnm,Tharlimanha; Wanggamanha; Wangkamala; Wangkamana; Wangkamanha; Wonggaman; Wonggawan; Wongkamala; Wonkamala; Wonkamudla; Wangkamadla -3332,Wantoat,,-6.16666666667,146.5,want1252,wnc,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,wnc,Yagawak; Bam -3334,Agwamin,,-17.83386864,144.2350367,wami1239,wmi,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wmi,Ak Waumin; Ak-Waumin; Egwamin; Ewamin; Gwamin; Wailoolo; Walamin; Walming; Waumin; Wawmin; Wimanja; Wommin; Wakaman; Warkaman; Warkeeman; Warkamin; Warkeemon; Wamin -3335,Wamas,,-4.98,145.54,wama1247,wmc,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmc, -3336,Wambaya,,-18.16780391,135.2714652,wamb1258,wmb,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wmb,MacArthur Subgroup; Wombaia; Wambaja; Wampaja; Won-baia; Wom-by-a; Wombya; Yumpia; Umbaia; Umbia; Wambaia; Umbai; Wampaya; Wom-By-A; Wambayan; Binbinka -3338,Wailapa,,-15.571269,166.922505,wail1242,wlr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wlr,Ale -3339,Wali,,11.817285,29.453608,wali1262,wll,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wll,Walari; Walarishe; Nubian (Hill); Ajang -3340,Kunbarlang,,-12.020217,133.836286,kunb1251,wlg,Gunwinyguan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wlg,Gunbalang; Walang; Warlang; Gungalang; Gunbarlang -3341,Walio,,-4.43658,142.1783,nucl1453,wla,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,wla, -3342,Waka-Waka,,-20.026536,138.010119,waka1274,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,,wkw; wur,Enibura; Mungar; Nukunukubara; Wa; Wa:bar; Waa; Wacca-Wacca; Wackar; Waga; Wagawaga; Waga-Waga; Waka; Waka Waka; Wakar; Wakka; Wakka Wakka; Wakkar; Wakkawakka; Wakka-Wakka; Waku-wuka; Wapa; Woga; Wogga; Woka; Woka-Woka; Wokka; Wokkari; Wuka Wuka; Wakawaka; Wuliwuli -3344,Wirangu,,-31.57687017,132.8519652,wira1265,wgu,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wgu,Nhawu; Njangga; Nyangga; Warrangoo; Wirongu; Wironguwongga; Wirrung; Wirrunga; Wirrongu; Wirangga; Naljara; Wanbiri; Jilbara; Windakan; Wangon; Ngoleiadjara; Tidni and Hilleri; Tidnie; Titnie; Willeuroo; Yilrea; Nonga; Weerung; Wanggan; Yulbara; Julbari Wonnga; Yulbara wonga; Ulbarara; Youlbara; Willuro; Wilyaru; Kartawongulta; Nhangga; Tidni; Hilleri; Hillery; Illarie; Ngadha Wangga; Ngadhu wangga; Warna-biri; Wambira -3345,Wilawila,,-15.98488583,126.5727527,wila1240,wil,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wil,Wila-Wila; Northern Language; Walmbi; Wila-wila; 'Wila'Wila -3346,Wiaki,,-3.55974,142.4135,mini1253,wii,Torricelli,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wii,Menandon; Miniden; Minidien; Wiakei -3347,Wik-Me'anha,,-13.532244,142.033864,wikm1246,wih,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wih,Wik-Em'an; Wik; Wikmean; Wik Me'nh; Wik Muinh; Wik Me-enh; Wik Meʔnh -3348,Wik-Keyangan,,-13.616014,141.739978,wikk1239,wif,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wif,Wik-Keyenganh -3349,Wik-Epa,,-13.57825,141.720753,wike1239,wie,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wie,Wikepa; Wik Epa; Wik-Eppa; Wik-Iita; Wik-Ep; Wikʔep -3351,Wahau Kenya,,2.0,116.0,waha1238,whk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,whk,Kenyah; Wahau -3352,Warrgamay,,-18.4,145.877,warr1255,wgy,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wgy,Warakamai; Wargamay; Waragamai; Wargamaygan; Bungabara; Ikelbara; Herbert River tribe; Biyay; Warkamai; Bandjin; Bijai -3354,Wangganguru,,-26.4041,136.878528,wang1290,wgg,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wgg,Wangkangurru; Wangka-Jutjuru; Wangkadjera; Wongkanguru; Wangkanguru; Wongkongaru; Wonkonguru; Ongkonguru; Wonkaooroo; Wonggongaru; Wonkongaru; Wonkaoora; Wongonooroo; Wonkongnuru; Wonkagnurra; Wychinga -3355,Wakaya,,-20.3211411,137.4609852,waga1260,wga,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wga,Akaja; Arkiya; Leewakya; Lee-wakya; Ukkia; Waagai; Waagi; Wagai; Wagaiau; Wagaja; Waggaia; Wakaja; Wakkaja; Warkaia; Warkya; Wogaia; Woorkia; Worgai; Worgaia; Workaia; Workia; Workii; Leeweakya; Wagaya -3356,Yafi,,-3.4,140.9,yafi1240,wfg,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,wfg,Jafi; Jafi Wagarindem; Wagarindem; Wargarindem; Warlef; Yaffi; Zorop -3359,Wadjigu,,-24.050281,146.628894,wadj1255,wdu,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wdu,Wadja; Wainjago; Wainjigo; Wadjainggo; Wainggo; Waindjago; Maudalgo -3360,Batjamalh,,-13.137203,130.284308,wadj1254,wdj,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wdj,Batyamal; Wadjiginy; Wogaity; Wagaydy; Bachamal; Wogait; Wogati; Wagaitj; Worgait; Worgite; Waggait; Waggite; Waggote; Waggate; Wagatsch; Waogatsch; Wogatj; Wogaidj; Wadyiginy; Waggites; Wargad; Wogadj; Worgaid; Worgaidj; Wogite; Wadjigin; Wadjigi:n; Wagjingi; Wadjingy; Wadyiginy Proper; Amijangal; Batjamal; Batymal; Murinwargad; Murrinh Bathemarl; Murrinh Patjtjamalh; Patjtjamalh; Wa(o)gatsch; Wadadjingi; Wadjagidj; Wagaidj; Wa-gait; Waggute; Wagite; Wangites; Wargite; Wogath; Wogites -3362,Wa,,22.662531,99.567372,nucl1290,wbm,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,wbm,K'awa; Kawa; Va; Vo; Wa Pwi; Wakut; Awa; Vü; Wa-Vü; Paraok; Praok; Parauk; Baraog; 佤語; ဝ -3363,Waigali,,35.033261,70.984706,waig1243,wbk,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbk,Kalasa-alā; Waigalī; Wai-alā; Waigeli; Waygalī; Kalasha-ala -3366,Kaninuwa,,-9.23,150.25,kani1281,wat,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wat,Kaokao; Wataluma -3367,Wares,,-2.3,139.3,ware1254,wai,,endangered,ISO 639-3,wai, -3368,Sahaptin,,46.5,-120.0,,,Sahaptian,critically endangered,,waa; tqn; uma; yak, -3371,Vinmavis,,-16.1666666667,167.416666667,vinm1237,vnm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vnm,Vinmavis; Lambumbu; Mallicolo -3372,Vano,,-11.6286,166.8383,vano1237,vnk,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vnk,Vanikoro; Vanikolo; Lovono -3373,Muluridyi,,-17.084411,145.123767,mulu1243,vmu,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vmu,Binjara; Kokomoloroij; Kokomoloroitji; Kookanoona; Molloroidyi; Mooloroiji; Mularitchee; Mullridgey; Mulurutji; Waluridji; Muluridji; Molloroiji; Muluriji -3376,Maraghei,,36.83,49.97,mara1373,vmh,,,ISO 639-3,vmh, -3379,Mbabaram,,-17.21059785,144.6573105,mbab1239,vmb,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,vmb,Mbara; Barbarem; Bar-barum; Mogmbabarum; Wumbabaram; Oombarbarum; Woombarbarram; Boobu-ram; Balbarum; Woombarrmbarra; Barbaram; Barbarum; Booburam; Gugu-Mbabaram; Illagona; Koko-Beberam; Kwearriburra; Morruburra; Queeariburra; Umbarbaram; Warrialgona; Woombarrmbar; Mitjamba; Kumbulmara; Mogmnanarim; Oombarrmbarum; Umbarbarem -3380,Martuthunira,,-21.91408273,115.8212481,mart1255,vma,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vma,Martuyhunira; Mardudjungara; Mardudhunera; Mardudhunira; Mardudhoonera; Mardathoonera; Mardutunira; Mardutunera; Marduduna; Mardathoni; Mardatuna; Maratunia; Marduthunira; Mardadhunira; Mardudjungara; Mardatunera; Jawunmala; Mardudunera; Mardidhoonera -3382,Megleno-Romanian,,41.1042,22.2025,megl1237,ruq,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruq,Megleno-Rumanian; Meglenitic; Meglenite; Other Roumanian Lects; Romanian; Megleno -3383,Manchurian Kirghiz,,47.8,124.2,fuyu1243,,Turkic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,kjh-fyk,Kirghiz (Fu-Yu); Fuyü Gïrgïs; Fu-Yu Kirgiz; 富裕吉爾吉斯語; 滿洲柯爾克孜語 -3384,Lule Saami,,67.272,17.7978,lule1254,smj,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,smj,Lulesamisk; Lulesamiska; luulajansaame; julevsámegiella; луле-саамский язык; Lule Lapp -3385,Ludian,,61.560369,33.613872,ludi1246,lud,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lud,Ludic; Ludic Karelian; людиковский язык; lüüdin kiel’; lüüdikiel'; Lyydin kieli; lyydin kiel'; l'yyd'ikiel'; lyydiäismurteet; Luudi; Lude; Lud; Südost-Karelisch; lüdisch; l'udikovskij dialekt; Lüdisch; lüd'köi; ljudy; Lyudikovian; Lyudic; Lüdic; Südostdialekt des Karelischen -3387,Logudorese Sardinian,,40.1116,9.1845,logu1236,src,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,src,Sardinian; Logudorese; Sardinian; Logudorese; Logodurese Sardinian; Sard; Sardarese; Central Sardinian -3388,Livonian,,56.8333333333,24.0,livv1244,liv,Uralic,awakening,ISO 639-3,liv,rānda kēļ; Liv; Liivõ Keelj; liiv; Livisch; kurländisch-livisch; live; rändalis-; livy; Livian; rānda kēl΄; libiesu valoda; livskij jazyk -3391,Languedocien,,43.8899,2.5378,lang1309,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,oci-lnc,Languedocien Occitan; Languedocian; Lengadoucian; Languedoc; Langadoc; Occitan; Occitani -3392,Ladin,,46.5833333333,11.9166666667,ladi1250,lld,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,lld,Ladino; Dolomite; Rhaeto-Romance; Rhaeto-Romanic -3393,Forest Nenets,,64.9188,77.7941,fore1274,,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,yrk-for,Forest Yurak; metsänenetsi; ненецкий лесной язык; nyenetsya' vada; Dialekt der Waldjuraken; ненэцяʼ вада; нешанский язык; нещанский язык; нешаӈ вата -3395,Francoprovençal,,45.7828,6.9982,fran1260,frp,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,frp,Patois; Arpitan; Romand -3396,Kurrama,,-22.86592473,116.6221125,kurr1243,vku,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vku,Gurama; Jana:ri; Jawunmara; Karama; Kerama; Korama; Kurama; Karima; Karlamay; Kurama-Jindjibandi -3397,Vishavan,,10.18,76.76,vish1243,vis,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vis,Malankudi; Malarkuti -3398,Veddah,,7.0,81.0,vedd1240,ved,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,ved,Veda; Vedda; Veddha; Weda; Wedda; Weddo; Beda; Bedda -3399,Wayu,,27.2912,86.0696,wayu1241,vay,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,vay,Hayu; Vayu; Wayo; Vāyu -3400,Friulian,,46.1037,13.1396,friu1240,fur,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,fur,Furlan; Frioulan; Frioulian; Priulian; Friulano -3402,Vafsi,,34.85,49.383333,vafs1240,vaf,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vaf, -3403,Doko-Uyanga,,5.550381,8.172249,doko1243,uya,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,uya,Uyanga; Dosanga; Basanga; Iko -3404,Kuku-Uwanh,,-14.261428,142.757186,kuku1280,uwa,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,uwa,Kugu-Uwanh; Kugu Nganhcara -3405,U,,23.4844,99.8404,uuuu1243,uuu,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,uuu,Puman; P'uman; Pouma; Angku; Āng-kú; 烏語 -3406,Gagauz,,46.3333333333,28.6666666667,gaga1249,gag,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gag,Gagauzi; Gaugausen -3409,Uya,,-5.2851,145.4974,uyaa1238,usu,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,usu,Usu -341,Ega,,5.5,-5.5,egaa1242,ega,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ega,Diés; Egwa -3410,Ushojo,,35.081912,72.66605,usho1238,ush,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ush,Ushuji; Dardu -3412,Gallo,,47.931,-2.0544,gall1275,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,fra-gal,Galo; Gallot; Galoo -3414,Ura (Papua New Guinea),,-4.64,151.95,urap1240,uro,East New Britain,threatened,ISO 639-3,uro,Uramät; Uramit; Uramet; Uramot; Auramot; Neu-Pommern -3415,Uruangnirin,,-3.475,132.701,urua1244,urn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urn,Faur; Tubiruasa -3417,Uradhi,,-11.94033482,142.2310819,urad1239,urf,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,urf,Yinwum; Jinwum; Yeemwoom; Uraδi; Yaraikana; Bandji; Gudang; Dyaraga; Kekoseno; Otati; Oradhi; Wotati; Wutati; Wotadi -3419,Urningangga,,-13.036453,133.380356,urni1239,urc,Giimbiyu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,urc,Uningangk; Wuningak; Wuningangk; Urningangg -3423,Munsee,,40.8969,-76.3769,muns1251,umu,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umu,Delaware; Ontario Delaware; Munsee Delaware; Canadian Delaware -3424,Umbugarla,,-13.169661,131.916425,umbu1235,umr,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,umr,Mbakarla; Mbukarla; Bugula; Numbugala; Ambugala -3425,Ukit,,1.57,114.58,ukit1237,umi,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,umi, -3426,Umbuygamu,,-14.25876,143.6305,umbu1256,umg,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umg,Moroba-Lama; Baka; Banjigam; Barungguan; Barunguan; Ganganda; Jintjingga; Kuuku-yani; Morrabalama; Morrobalama; Morrobolam; Njindingga; Umbindhamu; Umbuigamu; Umpuykumu; Yintjingga -3427,Umpithamu,,-13.91182628,143.6122417,umbi1243,umd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umd,Baka; Banjigam; Barungguan; Barunguan; Ganganda; Jintjingga; Koko Ompindamo; Kuuku-Umpinthamu; Njindingga; Umbuigamu; Umpinthamu; Uuku Umpithamu; 'Uuk-Umpithamu; Yintjingga; Umbindhamu -3428,Ulithian,,9.91666666667,139.583333333,ulit1238,uli,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,uli, -3429,Ili Turki,,44.0244,81.145,ilit1241,ili,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ili,T'urk; Tuerke; 伊犁突厥語; 伊犁土爾克語 -3431,Inari Saami,,68.8446,27.2817,inar1241,smn,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,smn,инари-саамский язык; inarinsaame; anarâškielâ; Anárašgiella; Enaresamisk; Enaresamiska; Inari Lappish -3432,Ukwa,,5.624186,7.992142,ukwa1238,ukq,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ukq, -3433,Ukuriguma,,-5.1063,145.4747,ukur1240,ukg,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ukg, -3435,Ugong,,15.088,99.523,ugon1239,ugo,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ugo,Lawa; 'Ugong; Gong; Ugawng; Kanburi Lawa -3436,Kuku-Ugbanh,,-14.431717,141.713483,kuku1281,ugb,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ugb,Kugu-Ugbanh -3437,Irish,,53.7876,-9.1845,iris1253,gle,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,gle,Gaeilge; Irish Gaelic; Erse; Gadhelisch -3440,Istriot,,45.0541,13.7246,istr1244,ist,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ist, -3441,Tz'utujil,,14.6394,-91.2301,tzut1248,tzj,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tzj,Tzutuhil; Tzutujil -3442,Istro Romanian,,45.3907,14.436,istr1245,ruo,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,ruo,Istro-Romanian; Other Roumanian Lects; Istro-Rumanian; Romanian; Istro -3443,Judeo-Italian,,43.1284,11.4723,jude1255,itk,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itk,Italkian -3444,Ladino,,40.0,33.0,ladi1251,lad,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,lad,Judeo-Spanish; Sephardic; Hakitia; Haketia; Judeo Spanish; Sefardi; Dzhudezmo; Judezmo; Spanyol; Haquetiya -3446,Awu Laya,,-15.039972,143.360461,thay1248,typ,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,typ,Kuku-Thaypan; Gugu Dhayban; Kuku Thaypan; Koko Laia; Kokowara; Coo-coo-warra; Wu-Laya; Laya; Awu-Alaya -3447,Thu Lao,,22.742,104.267,thul1247,tyl,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,tyl, -3448,Judeo-Tat,,32.304475,34.749575,jude1256,jdt,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jdt,Hebrew Tat; Jewish Tat; Juhuri; çuhuri; жугьури; ז'אוּהאוּראִ; ג'והורי; горско-еврейский; джуури; джухури; Dağ yəhudiləri dili; cuuri; cuhuri; Judeo-Tatic; Dzhuhuric; Juwri -3451,Toto,,26.6867,89.5056,toto1302,txo,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,txo,Tōtō -3452,Tuwari,,-4.8,142.09,tuwa1242,tww,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tww,Akiapmin -3453,Tarahumara,,28.61,-107.66,,,Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tar; thh; tcu; twr; tac,Tarahumara; Southwestern; Tarahumara del Suroeste; Tubare; Taraumara; Tarahumara; South-western; Vorohio; Rocoroibo -3454,Kashubian,,54.6484,17.2485,kash1274,csb,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csb,Cassubian; Kaszubski; Cashubian -3457,Chichimeca-Jonaz,,21.6666666667,-100.5,chic1272,pei,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pei,Chichimeco; Chichimeca; Chichimec; Chichimeca-Jonaz; Jonaz; Pame de Chichimeca-Jonaz; Meco -3458,Chocho,,17.6666666667,-97.4166666667,choc1279,coz,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,coz,Chocholteco; Chuchona; Chochoteco; Chochotec -3459,Chol,,17.49,-92.47,chol1282,,Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cti; ctu,Ch'ol; Chol; Tumbalá; Ch'ol de Sabanilla -3460,Chontal de Tabasco,,18.1666666667,-92.5833333333,taba1266,chf,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chf,Chontal Maya; Chontal (Tabasco); Chontal; Chontal; Tabasco; Yokotán; Yocot'an; Yokot'an -3465,Middle Southeastern Chinantec,,17.801461,-96.085258,tepi1241,cte,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cte,jujmi (del sureste medio); Chinanteco del sureste medio; Tepinapa; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Tepinapa Chinantec -3466,Ch'orti',,14.9364,-88.865,chor1273,caa,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,caa,Chorti; Chortí; Apay; Ch'orti; Ch'ortí -3467,Chuj,,16.1203,-92.0407,chuj1250,,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cac; cnm, -3471,Cuicatec,,17.8,-96.961,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cux; cut,Cuica; Cuicateco; Cuicatec; Teutila; Kwikateko -3472,Garífuna,,12.5666,-83.7166,gari1256,cab,Arawakan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cab,Garifuna; Garfuna; Black Carib; Caribe; Central American Carib; Moreno -3487,Tuvaluan,,-8.5,179.166666667,tuva1244,tvl,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tvl,Ellice; Ellicean; Tuvalu -3489,Wiarumus,,-3.61529,143.7268,wiar1238,tua,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tua,Mandi; Imandi -3490,Tsum,,28.4723,85.008,tsum1240,ttz,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttz,Tsumge -3494,Towei,,-3.87,140.8,towe1240,ttn,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,ttn,Towe -3495,Totoró,,2.504,-76.4016,toto1306,ttk,Barbacoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ttk,Totoro; Polindara -3496,Teco,,15.3073,-92.0609,tekt1235,ttc,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttc,Teko; Tectiteco; Tectitec; Tectitán Mam; Maya-Tekiteko; Tektiteko -3497,Tsou,,23.5,120.75,tsou1248,tsu,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tsu,Tsu-U; Tsoo; Tsuou; Tsu-Wo; Tzo; Tso; Namakaban; Niitaka; Tibola; Tibolah; Tibolak; Tibolal; Sprache von Formosa; 鄒語 -3499,Tsakonian,,37.262826,22.683782,tsak1248,tsd,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tsd,Tsaconia; Tsakonia -3501,Torwali,,35.302906,72.539572,torw1241,trw,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,trw,Torwālī; Turvali; Dardu -3502,Turoyo,,37.23,42.15,turo1239,tru,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tru,Ṭurōyō; Suryoyo; Syryoyo; Turani; Süryani -3504,Tarao Naga,,24.25,94.1666666667,tara1313,tro,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tro,Tarao; Tarau; Taraotrong; Naga (Tarao); Naga; Tarao -3505,Tregami,,34.720919,70.933811,treg1243,trm,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,trm,Trigami; Tregāmī; Gambīrī; Gambiri -3506,Jewish Azerbaijani Neo-Aramaic,,32.0383,34.7827,lish1246,trg,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trg,Lishán Didán; Lishanán; لشان ددان; Neo-Aramaic (Persian Azerbaijan); Lishanid Nash Didán; Persian Azerbaijan Jewish Aramaic; Lakhlokhi; Galihalu; לשן דידן; Lišān Didān; לשנן; Lišānān -3507,Turi,,21.8411,87.2973,turi1246,trd,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trd, -3508,Terebu,,-3.684,143.841,tere1276,trb,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,trb,Terepu; Turupu; Turubu -3509,Tirahi,,34.167925,69.563483,tira1253,tra,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,tra,Tirāhī; Dardu -3512,Turumsa,,-7.929093,142.566541,turu1250,tqm,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tqm, -3513,Tlapanec,,16.7325,-98.6034,,,Otomanguean,at risk,ISO 639-3,tpx; tpc; tcf; tpl,Tlappanec; Tlapaneco; Tlapanec; Me'pa; Me'phaa; Tlapaneko; Tlapaneco -3514,Tlachichilco Tepehua,,20.5833333333,-98.25,tlac1235,tpt,Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpt,Tepehua; Tlachichilco; TlachichilcoTepewa -3517,To,,7.7593,15.350544,tooo1238,toz,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,toz, -3518,Upper Taromi,,36.6,48.73,uppe1235,tov,,,ISO 639-3,tov,Taromi; Upper -3519,Sierra Totonac,,19.9166666667,-97.4166666667,high1243,tos,Totonacan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tos,Highland Totonac; Totonako; Highland; Totonaco de la Sierra; Totonac; Totonac (Sierra); Totonako; Totonaco -3520,Papantla Totonac,,20.3333333333,-97.3333333333,papa1238,top,Totonacan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,top,Totonac; Papantla; Lowland Totonac; Lowland Totonako; Totonaco de Papantla; Papantla; Totonac (Papantla); Totonaco -3521,Northern Totonac,,20.4166666667,-97.8333333333,xico1235,too,Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,too,Totonac; Xicotepec de Juárez; Northern Totonac; Totonaco de Villa Juárez; Totonako; Totonac (Xicotepec de Juárez); Totonaca (Xicotepec de Juarez); Totonako; Totonaco -3522,Maniq,,7.35,99.9333,tong1308,tnz,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tnz,Mos; Tonga; Tonga'; Ten'en -3523,Tanema,,-11.680631,166.902781,tane1237,tnx,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tnx,Tanima -3524,Tonsawang,,0.990354,124.680771,tons1239,,Austronesian,severely endangered,Glottolog,tons1239,Tombatu; Toundanow; Lo'bahikolai -3525,Tay Khang,,18.66,104.37,tayk1238,tnu,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,tnu, -3527,Tunebo,,6.4463,-72.0483,,,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tbn; tnb; tnd; tuf,Uwa; U'wa; U'w Cuwa; U'w Kuwa; Sínsiga; Cobaría; Tegría; Pedraza -3528,Temuan,,3.3709,101.984,temu1239,tmw,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tmw,Benua; Niap; Beduanda -3530,Tasmate,,-15.233,166.66,tasm1246,tmt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmt,Meri; Oa -3532,Temoq,,3.11,102.92,temo1243,tmo,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmo,Ulu Indau -3537,Talodi,,10.5833333333,30.5,talo1250,tlo,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlo,Jomang; Gajomang; Ajomang -3538,Misantla Totonac,,19.9166666667,-96.9166666667,yecu1235,tlc,Totonacan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlc,Southeastern Totonac; Yecuatla Totonac; Laakanaachiwiin; Totonac (Misantla); Totonaca (Yecuatla); Misantla Totonako -3539,Tangko,,-5.13,140.27,tang1353,tkx,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,tkx, -3540,Totonac,,19.865,-96.7755,,,Totonacan,at risk,ISO 639-3,toc; tlp; tos; top; tcw; tku; tqt; too; tlc, -3541,Takestani,,36.0,49.6666666667,take1255,tks,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,tks,Takistani; Tati (Southern) -3543,Tokelauan,,-9.0,-172.0,toke1240,tkl,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tkl,Tokelau; Fakaafo -3544,Subiya,,-17.75,24.9166666667,subi1246,sbs,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sbs,Echisubia; Subia; Supia; Chikwahane; Chikuahane; Ciikuhane; Mbalangwe; Kwahane; Kuahane; Sesubea; Chikuhane; Kuhane; Sesubiya; Cisubiya; Tjikuhane -3545,Tahshanit,,33.0777,6.0671,tema1243,tjo,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tjo,Tarighit; Temacine Tamazight; Tugurt; Touggourt Tamazight; Taħʃaniʦ; Righ; Oued-Righ Berber -3565,Kildin Saami,,68.0075,35.0079,kild1236,sjd,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjd,Kildin Sámi; Eastern Saami; Kola Saami; кильдинский саамский язык; Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл; Kiillt saam' kiill; kiltinänsaame; Gielddasámegiella; Kildin Sami; Kildin Lappish; Lapp -3566,Ter Saami,,67.414348,39.130051,ters1235,sjt,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjt,Ter Sami; Kola Saami; Eastern Saami; йоканьгско-саамский язык; терско-саамский язык; turjansaame; saa´mekiill; Darjjesámegiella; Ter Lappish -3567,Alu Kurumba,,11.35,76.8,aluk1238,xua,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xua,Alu Kurumba Nonstandard Kannada; Pal Kurumba; Hal Kurumba; Kurumba; Alu -3568,Sri Lanka Malay,,6.92,79.86,sril1245,sci,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,sci,Sri Lankan Creole Malay; Melayu Bahasa; Java Jati; Sri Lankan Malay; Melayu; Sri Lanka pe Melayu; Java; Ja basawa; Java mozhi -3569,Mea,,-21.6141,165.7836,meaa1237,meg,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,meg,Ha Mea; Hameha; Neukaledonien -3570,Nauru Pacific Pidgin,,-0.53,166.93,chin1253,cpi,Pidgin or Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,cpi,NPP; Melanesian-Chinese Mixed Pidgin English in Nauru -3571,Māori,,-38.4105,177.3632,maor1246,mri,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mri,Maori -3572,Mangareva,,-23.1226,-134.978,mang1401,mrv,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrv,Mangarevan -3574,Lorediakarkar,,-15.1967,167.0498,lore1244,lnn,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lnn,Shark Bay -3575,Löyöp,,-13.5311,167.3368,leha1244,urr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urr,Lehalurup; Ureparapara; East Ureparapara; Banks-Inseln -3576,Laghu,,-7.6157,158.7359,lagh1246,lgb,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,lgb,Lagu; Katova -3578,Aranadan,,11.35,75.8,aran1261,aaf,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aaf,Aranatan; Eranadans -3579,Arifama-Miniafia,,-9.518239975,149.349884,arif1239,aai,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aai,Miniafia-Arifama -3581,Aasáx,,-5.1948,37.738,aasa1238,aas,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,aas,Asax; Asá; Aasá; Assa; Asak; Ndorobo; Dorobo; Lamanik; Il Konono; Asa; Aasax -3582,Arvanitika,,38.1863,23.6096,arva1236,aat,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aat,Albanian; Arber; Arbresh; Arnaut; Škip; Shqipēri; Shquipni; Arvanitika; Arvanitika Albanian; Arvanitic; Arberichte; Albanesisch; Albanian; Arvanitika -3584,Abai Sungai,,5.587,118.3695,abai1240,abf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,abf, -3585,Tajiki Spoken Arabic,,37.22,67.33,taji1248,abh,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,abh,Tajiki Arabic; Jugari; Bukhara Arabic; Buxara Arabic; Tajiji Arabic; Central Asian Arabic; Arabic; Arabic; Tajiki Spoken -3591,Acheron,,10.809,30.2453,ache1245,acz,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,acz,Garme; Asheron; Aceron; Achurun -3592,Antekerrepenh,,-23.23189623,139.9715594,ande1247,adg,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,adg,Andigibinha; Antekerrepinhe; Andakerebina; Undekerebina; Walwallie; Williwilli; Yanindo; Andeberegina; Andegerebenha; Antakiripina; Willi-willi; Andegerebinha -3593,Adnyamathanha,,-30.83714135,139.1215397,adny1235,adt,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,adt,Adynyamathanha; Wailpi; Wailbi; Waljbi; Wipie; Ad'n'amadana; Anjimatana; Anjiwatana; Archualda; Benbakanjamata; Binbarnja; Gadjnjamada; Jandali; Kanjimata; Keydnjmarda; Mardala; Nimalda; Nuralda; Unyamootha; Umbertana; Adnyamathana; Anjamutina; Anyamatana; Kudnamietha; Kutchamoota; Keydnjamarda; Mardula; Nimbalda; Nimbaldi; Atnyamathanha -3594,Ariba,,-17.120653,141.833361,areb1238,aea,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aea,Kurtjar; Araba; Rib; Ribh; A:rap; Aripa; Ngariba; Areba -3595,Haeke,,-20.9665,164.7866,haek1239,aek,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aek,Aeke; 'Aeke; Haeake; Neukaledonien -3596,Aer,,25.25,69.03,aerr1238,aeq,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,aeq, -3597,Akeu,,21.5833,101.0166,akeu1235,aeu,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aeu,Aki; Akui; 阿克 -3599,Chini,,-4.855899811,144.7736969,akru1241,afi,Lower Sepik-Ramu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,afi,Akrukay; Akruray -3600,Afitti,,12.13869,30.181732,afit1238,aft,Nyimang,endangered,ISO 639-3,aft,Ditti; Unietti; Affitti; Dinik; Affiti -3605,Boró,,10.3581,35.0024,boro1277,bwo,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwo,Shinassha; Boro; Bworo; Shinasha; Scinacia; Šinašša; Bòrná -361,Beti,,5.2495,-3.3233,beti1248,eot,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,eot,Eotile -362,Jeri Kuo,,9.455581,-5.63746,jeri1242,jek,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jek,Jeli Kuo; Celle; Jeri; Jeri.kuo -3626,Mabire,,12.1682,18.7275,mabi1242,muj,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,muj, -363,Bom,,7.3188,-11.9915,bomk1234,bmf,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bmf,Bome; Bum; Bomo -364,Mani,,9.874158,-9.550653,bull1247,buy,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,buy,Bullom So; Northern Bullom; Bolom; Bulem; Bullun; Bullin; Mmani; Mandingi; Mandenyi -3645,!Xun,,-19.6666666667,18.0,kung1261,knw,Kx'a,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,knw,Ju; !Xun (Ekoka); Kung-Ekoka; !Kung; Ekoka-!Xû; Kung; !Ku; !Xu; !Hu; Qxü !Khung; !Xung; Ekoka -365,Krim,,7.302792,-11.985668,krim1238,krm,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,krm,Kim; Kittim; Kirim; Kimi -3665,Tequiraca,,-2.0869,-74.5092,abis1238,ash,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,ash,Tekiraka; Aushiri; Auishiri; Avishiri; Avixiri; Abiquira; Abishira; Abigira; Agouisiri; Ixignor; Vacacocha; Avirxiri; Tequraca -3685,Argobba,,10.5958,39.9792,argo1244,agj,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agj,Argoba -3686,Fembe,,-5.72,142.25,femb1238,agl,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,agl,Sinale; Agala -3690,Àhàn,,7.762,5.724,ahan1244,ahn,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ahn,Ahaan; Ahan -3691,Ainu (China),,39.5,76.0,ainu1251,aib,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,aib,Aynu; Aini; Abdal; Eynu; Äynu; 艾努語 -3692,Ainbai,,-3.1,141.2,ainb1238,aic,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,aic, -3693,Alngith,,-12.57310489,141.8691543,alng1239,aid,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aid,Alngidh; Alingid; Laynngithy; Lengiti; Lenngiti; Alngid; Limrett; Laynngith; Winduwinda; Alingit; Alŋit̯; Laynŋit̯ -3694,Amara,,-5.66666666667,148.5,amar1272,aie,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aie,Longa; Bibling -3697,Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic,,31.7188,34.7772,lish1245,aij,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aij,Lishanid Noshan; Neo-Aramaic (Arbel Jewish); Lishana Didán; Hulani; Kurdit; Galigalu; Jbeli -3698,Ake,,8.94748,8.835342,akee1238,aik,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aik,Aike; Akye -3699,Aimele,,-6.751896,142.745361,aime1238,ail,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ail,Eibela; Kware -3700,Aimol,,24.4971,93.6145,aimo1244,aim,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,aim,Langrong; Aimal -3701,Burumakok,,-5.12,140.03,buru1307,aip,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aip, -3703,Aja,,7.33333333333,25.6666666667,ajas1235,aja,Kresh-Aja,endangered,ISO 639-3,aja,Ajja; Adja -3705,Judeo-Tunisian Arabic,,33.8795,10.0634,jude1263,ajt,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,ajt,Arabic -3725,Mpra,,8.867,-1.25,mpra1235,,,dormant,LINGUIST List,1ix,Mpre -3745,Dompo,,8.150236,-2.363097,domp1238,doy,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,doy,Guang; Dumpo; Ndmpo -3765,Kunjen,,-16.54391507,143.0454776,kunj1245,kjn,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kjn,Guguminjen; Kukumindjen; Kun'djan; 'Kundjan; Gundjun; Koko Kuntjan; Kundjin; Kokoyan; Koonjan; Kunjin; Okundjain; Oggonjin; Koka-Koonjin; Ogh-Undyan; Ngundjan; Ogondyan; Oykangand; Kukuminjen -3785,Kuuku-Ya'u,,-12.610572,143.136956,kuuk1238,kuy,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kuy,Ya'o; Koko-Ja'o; Kokoyao; Bagadji; Pakadji; Gugu Yau; Yao; Koko Ya':o; Koka-yao; Makadama; Kuuku Ya'u; Kuku-Ya'u -3786,Gunin,,-14.588,127.534,kwin1241,gww,Worrorran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gww,Kwini; Gunan; Gwini; Kunan; Gunin/Kwini; Northern Language; Gɨnan; Gwiini; Cuini; Wunambal; Goonan; Ginan; Guna; Kuini; Kuwiyini; Kwiini; Pela; Kalumburu; Wirngir; Gwin:ni -3787,Lardil,,-16.512466,139.405662,lard1243,lbz,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lbz,Engarilla; Eugoola; Ganggalida; Iukala; Jakula; Jogula; Jokal; Jokala; Jokul; Jokula; Jokulta; Jugul; Jugulda; Jungulda; Kanggaleida; Yangarella; Yookala; Yugulda; Yukula; Yukulta; Laierdila; Ladil; Lardill; Kunana; Kuna'na; Gunana; Mornington Island tribe; Leerdil -3788,Yan-nhangu,,-12.0253188,134.9636469,yann1237,jay,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jay,Yarnango; Yan-Nhangu; Nangu; Yanangu; Djinaŋ; Gunbirrdji; Gunbirri; Jaer-nungo; Jan:angu; Janango; Janjango; Jarnangu; Malara; Malarra; Murrungun; Murruŋun; Nango; Yaernungo; Yaerungo; Yanango; Yannangu; Yannaŋu; Yannhangu; Yannhaŋu; Yarenango; Jarnango -3789,Yankunytjatjara,,-27.26048662,131.9855272,yank1247,kdd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kdd,Alinjera; Ankundjara; 'Everard Range Tribe'; Janggundjara; Jangkundjadjara; Jangkundjara; Jangundjara; Jangwundjara; Jan-kundjadjara; Jan-kundjindjara; Jankuntjatara; Jankunzazara; Jankunzazzara; Kaltjilandjara; Nan-kundjara; Wirtjapakandja; Wirtjapokandja; Yangundjadjara; Yankunjara; Yankunjtjatjarra; Yankuntatjara; Kulpantja; Yankuntjatjara -3790,Nubi,,0.666666666667,32.0833333333,nubi1253,kcn,Pidgin or Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcn,Kinubi; Ki-Nubi; Kinúbi; Rután Núbi -3792,Barombi,,4.64584,9.25261,baro1252,bbi,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbi,Lombi; Lambi; Rombi; Rambi; Lombe; Balombi; Barumbi -3793,K'emant,,12.599967,37.466633,qima1242,ahg,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ahg,Qimant; Kimanteney; Western Agaw; Falaša; Kemant; Falasha -3794,Okiek,,-1.0435,36.6006,okie1245,oki,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oki,Akiek; Akie; Ogiek; Ndorobo; Kinare -3795,Nachering,,27.4144,86.7521,nach1240,ncd,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ncd,Nachereng; Nacering Ra; Nachering Tûm; Mathsereng; Nacchhering; Nasring; Bangdale; Bangdel Tûm; Bangdile; Nacherēng; Nāchhēreng; Natśhereng -3797,Jingulu,,-16.6271636,133.5450627,djin1251,jig,Mirndi,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jig,Djingili; Djingulu; Jingali; Tjingilu; Chingalee; Djingila; Lee; Chunguloo; Tchingalee; Tjinggili; Jilngali -3798,Bangandu,,2.18716,14.7506,bang1347,bgf,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgf,Temne; Bagando; Bangando; Bangantu; Southern Bangantu -3799,Buduma,,13.5,14.5,budu1265,bdm,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bdm,Boudouma; Yidena; Yedima; Yedina; Yidana; Yadena; Yedana; Buduma-Kuri -3800,Evant,,6.34906,9.46432,evan1238,bzz,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzz,Evand; Avand; Avande; Ovand; Ovande; Ovando; Balegete; Belegete -3801,Kolbila,,8.248187,13.21645,kolb1240,klc,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,klc,Kolbilari; Kolbilla; Kolena; Kolbili; Zoono -3802,Zizilivakan,,10.343122,13.555043,zizi1238,ziz,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,ziz,Ziziliveken; Ziliva; Àmzírív; Fali of Jilbu -3803,Kwarandzyey,,30.154627,-3.560486,kora1291,kcy,Songhay,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcy,Korandje; Belbali; lbəlbaliyya; Tabelbala; البلبالية‎‎ -3806,Aguna,,7.348379,1.933201,agun1238,aug,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,aug,Awuna; Agunaco -3807,Bassa-Kontagora,,10.495914,5.562996,bass1259,bsr,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bsr,Basa; Basa-Kontagora -3808,Notre,,10.798235,1.66951,notr1240,bly,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bly,Nõtre; Bulba; Nootre; Burusa; Boulba -3809,Anii,,9.032,1.657,anii1245,blo,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,blo,Gisida; Basila; Bassila; Baseca; Winji-Winji; Ouinji-Ouinji; Akpe -381,Kemak,,-8.933758,125.175292,kema1243,kem,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kem,Ema -3812,Birwa,,-22.17,28.33,birw1238,brl,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brl, -3813,Tswapong,,-23.10847,26.823094,tswa1237,two,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,two,Setswapong -3814,Khe,,9.916678,-4.283322,khee1238,kqg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqg,Kheso; Bambadion-Kheso -3815,Khisa,,9.874158,-3.894859,khis1238,kqm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqm,Komono; Khi Khipa; Kumwenu; Khi; Khise; Khi-sɛ; Khi-sa -3816,Natioro,,10.733245,-5.233292,nati1243,nti,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nti,Koo'ra; Natyoro; Natjoro; Samukune -3817,Sininkere,,13.35653,-1.058613,sini1242,skq,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,skq,Silinkere; Silanke -3818,Tiéfo,,10.816667,-4.55,tief1242,tiq,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,tiq,Foro; Tyefo; Tyeforo; Kiefo; Tiefo -3819,Wara,,10.65,-5.4,wara1292,wbf,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbf,Wára; Ouara; Ouala; Samoe -3829,Araki,,-15.632,166.952,arak1252,akr,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,akr,Banks-Inseln -3832,Alawa,,-15.53391918,134.2028228,alaw1244,alh,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,alh,Alaua; Allaura; Allawa; Allowa; Allowiri; Allua; Alowa; Galawa; Galleewo; Kallana; Kallaua; Leealowa; Warliburru -3833,Allar,,11.108169,76.166224,alla1247,all,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,all,Alan; Alanmar; Alar; Allan; Chatans -3834,Varavara,,-15.526286,166.952718,ambl1237,alm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,alm,Amblong; Aje -3835,Aru,,-3.45706296,142.539093,amol1235,alx,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,alx,Alang; Alatil; Amol; Eru -3836,Amanayé,,-3.7327,-49.1088,aman1266,ama,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,ama,Amanajé; Manaze; Amanage; Manaxo; Manajo; Manazo; Amanyé; Anambé; Guajá; Urubú; Amanajé; Amanayé language area -3839,Western Neo-Aramaic,,33.82,36.48,west2763,amw,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,amw,Maalula; Maaloula; Siryon; Siryōn; Loghtha Siryanoytha; Loghtha Siryanōytha; Neo-Western Aramaic; Ma'lula; Aramaic; Neo-Aramaic; Western -3840,Anmatyerre,,-21.98277477,133.4290339,anma1239,amx,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,amx,Anmatjirra; Anmatjera; Unmatjera; Imatjera; Urmitchee; Nmatjera; Inmatjera; Anmatjara; Janmadjara; Janmatjiri; Yanmedjara; Yandmadjari -3842,Atampaya,,-11.48211057,142.3743784,atam1239,amz,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amz, -3845,Jarawa,,11.61,92.66,jara1245,anq,South Andamanese,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anq,Jarawa (in Andamans) -3847,Abom,,-8.424996376,142.9303589,abom1238,aob,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aob, -3849,Arhö,,-21.274,165.0503,arho1237,aok,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aok,Aro; Neukaledonien -3851,Aore,,-15.58797,167.211754,aore1237,aor,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aor, -3852,Athpariya,,26.952,87.3399,athp1241,aph,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aph,Athpare; Rai; Athapre; Ath Paharia Rai; Athpre; Arthare; Arthare-Khesang; Jamindar Rai; Jindā -3856,Arhâ,,-21.3047,165.0146,arha1237,aqr,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aqr,Ara; Neukaledonien -3857,Arabana-Wangkangurru,,-31.30521924,138.428335,arab1267,ard,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ard,Arbana; Ngarabana; Arabuna; Arrabunna; Arrabonna; Arubbinna; Arapina; Arapani; Urapuna; Urabuna; Urabunna; Urroban; Wangarabana; Wongkurapuna; Wangarabunna; Nulla; Rabuna; Arabana -3858,Araona,,-12.4473,-68.1372,arao1248,aro,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aro,Cavina; Carina -3859,Arbore,,5.0,36.75,arbo1245,arv,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,arv,Arbora; Erbore; Irbore; Arborie -3864,Ati (Philippines),,11.15,122.51,atii1237,atk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,atk,Inati; Bisaya -3865,Ata,,9.6081,122.9155,ataa1240,atm,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atm, -3866,Ashtiani,,37.75,48.68,asht1244,atn,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atn,Astiani; Ashtiyani -3869,Northern Altai,,52.2816,87.4827,nort2686,atv,Turkic,endangered,ISO 639-3,atv,Teleut; Telengut; северноалтайский язык; алтай тили; кумандинско-челканский язык; Telengit; Kumandin -3871,Asumboa,,-11.2982,166.4868,asum1237,aua,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aua,Asumbua; Asumuo -3872,Anuta,,-11.611,169.85,anut1237,aud,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aud, -3876,Auré,,-2.9649,-46.2084,aura1243,aux,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aux,Aurê; Aurá -3878,Alviri-Vidari,,35.01,50.38,alvi1241,avd,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,avd, -3879,Agavotaguerra,,-13.3,-53.44,agav1236,avo,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,avo,Agavotoküeng; Agavotoqüeng; Agavo-queng -3880,Awbono,,-5.06,139.72,awbo1238,awh,Bayono-Awbono,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,awh,Kvolyab -3883,Ayapathu,,-14.47173612,143.2934448,ayab1239,ayd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ayd,Abadja; Ai ebadu; Aiabadu; Aiyabotho; Aiyaboto; Ajabadha; Ajabatha; Ajibyrdu; Apatya; Badja; Baldya; Balfja; Jabuda; Kikahiabilo; Koka Ai-ebadu; Koka-aiebadu; Koko Aiebadu; Koko-Badja; Koko-Baldya; Koko-Baltjayiahjaba; Ayabadhu -3885,Eastern Nahua,,19.5833333333,-97.3333333333,high1278,azz,Uto-Aztecan,at risk,ISO 639-3,azz,Nahuatl; Highland Puebla; Náhuat de la Sierra de Puebla; Sierra Puebla Náhuatl; Sierra Aztec; Zacapoaxtla Náhuat; Mejicano de Zacapoaxtla; Nahuatl (Sierra de Zacapoaxtla); Nahuatl (Puebla Sierra); Nahuatl; Mexicano; Zacapoaxtla; Mejicano Azteco -3887,Baibai,,-3.463972092,141.358078,baib1251,bbf,Baibai-Fas,endangered,ISO 639-3,bbf, -3888,Kulung (Nigeria),,12.516358,8.833839,kulu1255,bbu,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bbu,Bambur; Kuluno; Bakulung; Bakulu; Bakuli; Kulu; Kukulung; Wo; Wurkum -3890,Bainouk-Samik,,12.5733,-16.2652,bain1260,bcb,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcb, -3891,Baga Binari,,10.4013,-14.4799,baga1275,bcg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcg,Barka; Binari; Kalum; Mborin; Baga; Temne; Pukur -3892,Bardi,,-16.50302678,122.9331577,bard1255,bcj,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bcj,Baadi; Bard; Baardi; Badi; Barda; Ba:di; Bad; Ba:d; Baada; Baard; Boardybahrde -3893,Bunuba,,-17.69419801,125.5950823,buna1275,bck,Bunaban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bck,Punapa; Bunapa; Punaba; Booneba Bunaba; Kunamba; Punamba; Bunaba -3895,Bana,,10.4166666667,13.5833333333,bana1305,bcw,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bcw,Baza; Koma; Ka-Bana; Parole des Bana; Mizeran; Mbana -3896,Bai,,8.0592,25.5102,baii1251,bdj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bdj,Bari -3897,Bandjalang,,-28.617377,153.00416,midd1357,bdy,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bdy,Bandjelang; Bogganger; Bundala; Gidabal; Yugumbe; Badjalang; Badjelang; Budulung; Buggul; Bundjalung; Paikalyung; Bandjalong; Bunjellung; Bundela; Bundel; Watchee; Woomargou; Bandjerang; Pangerang; Dadarawa; Arakwal; Gundurimba; Tugurimba -3898,Beli (Papua New Guinea),,-3.671039,142.382813,beli1258,bey,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bey,Akuwagel; Mukili; Makarim -3899,Betaf,,-2.12,139.25,beta1253,bfe,Orya-Tor,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfe,Betaf; Tebi -3901,Remo,,18.0,82.0,bond1245,bfw,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bfw,Remsan; Bonda; Bondo; Bondo Poroja; Nanqa Poroja; Poraja Katha; Bhonda Bhasha; Bondo-Poraja; Remosum; Bunda; Bonda Poroja; Nanga Poroja -3902,Gwamhi-Wuri,,8.7113,2.1533,gwam1244,bga,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bga,Lyase; Lyase-Ne; Gwamhyə-Wuri-Mba; Gwamfi; Banganci -3903,Bugun,,27.2546,92.5323,bugu1246,bgg,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgg,Khowa; Kho; Khoa; Bugen -3904,Baga Mboteni,,10.7415,-14.5513,baga1276,bgm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgm, -3905,Baga Koga,,10.026644,-14.040625,baga1273,bgo,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgo,Barka; Koga; Koba; Baga; Temne -3906,Warkay-Bipim,,-5.77,138.64,wark1247,bgv,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bgv,Bipim As-So; Bipim; Warkay -3907,Balkan Gagauz Turkish,,41.4633,22.6977,balk1254,bgx,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgx,Balkan Turkic; Gagauz; Türkische Sprache in Bulgarien -3908,Biga,,-2.0,130.27,biga1238,bhc,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bhc; biga1238, -3909,Bhaya,,25.48,69.31,bhay1238,bhe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,bhe, -3910,Busa,,-3.86,141.42,odia1239,bhf,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,bhf,Odiai; Busan; Uriai -3911,Bukhori,,39.8043,64.4224,bukh1238,bhh,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bhh,Bukharian; Bukhari; Bukharin; Bukharic; Bokharian; Bokharic; Bokharan; Bukharan; Judeo-Tajik -3912,Bohtan Neo-Aramaic,,37.37,42.52,boht1238,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,,bhn; hrt,Sôreth; Hértevin; севернобохтанский язык; Hertevince -3913,Badimaya,,-29.123373,116.706047,badi1246,bia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bia,Widimaya; Parti-Maya; Bidungu; Bardimaya Baadeemaia Badimaia Badimala Badimara Bardimaia Barimaia Bidungu Padimaia Padinaia Parimaia Patimara Patimay Waadal Wardal Badi-maia Wallawe Yamadgee Yamaji; Bardimaya -3918,Biete,,25.6514,93.2409,biet1238,biu,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,biu,Bete; Baite; Biate -3924,Bulu,,-5.052719,150.092506,bulu1253,bjl,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bjl, -3925,Bajelani,,33.969421,43.014152,baje1238,bjm,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bjm,Bajalani; Gurani; Chichamachu; Bajoran; Bejwan -3927,Brokskat,,34.6478,76.4978,brok1247,bkk,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkk,Brokpa; Brokpa of Dah-Hanu; Dokskat; Kyango; Dardu; Hanu -3931,Boloki,,0.051498,18.253733,bolo1262,bkt,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkt,Baloki; Buluki; Boleki; River Ruki -3932,Beli (Sudan),,6.4736,29.2675,beli1257,blm,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,blm,Behli; Beili; Jur Beli; 'Beli -3936,Baga Manduri,,10.835666,-14.542517,baga1270,bmd,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bmd,Barka; Mandari; Maduri; Manduri; Baga; Temne; Baga Mandun -3937,Bote-Majhi,,27.9208,83.5082,bote1238,bmj,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bmj,Kushar -3938,Bulgebi,,-5.7485,146.4532,bulg1265,bmp,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bmp, -3944,Boon,,0.151042,42.901089,boon1242,bnl,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bnl,Af-Boon; Boni -3945,Bola,,-5.445211,150.028967,bola1250,bnp,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bnp,Bakovi; Bola-Bakovi -3948,Aweer,,-0.8294,40.8142,awee1242,bob,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bob,Boni; Waata; Wata; Sanye; Wasanye; Waboni; Bon; Ogoda; Wata-Bala -3950,Bonkiman,,-5.852376,146.691985,bonk1244,bop,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bop, -3952,Bororo,,-16.0,-57.0,boro1282,bor,Bororoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bor,Boe; Borôro; Bororo proper; Eastern Bororo; Western Bororo; Borro -3953,Bongo,,7.5,28.5,bong1285,bot,Central Sudanic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bot,Bungu; Dor -3956,'Ôrôê,,-21.4223,165.4678,orow1242,bpk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpk,Orowe; Boewe; Neukaledonien -3960,Barrow Point,,-14.46601552,144.4487843,barr1247,bpt,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bpt, -3962,Bo,,-4.297861099,141.5878754,bopa1235,bpw,Left May,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bpw,Po; Sorimi -3965,Biritai,,-2.92,137.68,biri1259,bqq,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqq,Ati; Aliki; Biri -3966,Nadëb,,-1.9771,-67.0166,nade1244,mbj,Nadehup,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbj,Nadobo; Nadëb; Nadeb Macu; Makú Nadëb; Makunadöbö; Anodöub; Kabori; Kabari; Xiriwai; Xuriwai; Nadöbo; Kaburí language area; Kaburi -3968,Lave,,14.1666666667,107.5,lave1249,brb,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brb,Brao; Braou; Brau; Proue; Brou; Love; Laveh; Rawe; Veh; Prou; Lue -3969,Berbice Creole Dutch,,5.33333333333,-58.0,berb1259,brc,Pidgin or Creole,dormant,ISO 639-3,brc,Berbice Dutch -3970,Bieria,,-16.798039,168.186479,bier1246,brj,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,brj,Bieri; Vovo; Wowo -3971,Eastern Bru,,17.3333333333,106.0,east2332,bru,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bru,Bru (Eastern); Bru; Brou; Van Kieu; Quang Tri Bru; Bruu; Moi-Cà-lò'; Baroo; Leu; Leung; Muong Leong; Tri; Quàngtri Vân Kiêu; Bru; Eastern -3972,Western Bru,,16.75,104.75,west2397,brv,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brv,Bru; Western; Bru (Western); Bruu; B'ru; Baru; Bru; Baroo; Brou; Leu; Leung; Muong Leong; Tri; Quàngtri Vân Kiêu -3974,Canela,,-7.0,-45.0,cane1242,ram,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ram,Canela; Canela-Krahô; Timbira; Krenjé; Krahó; Pukobyé; Kanela -3975,Xakriabá,,-14.5306,-44.0438,xakr1238,xkr,Jean,dormant,ISO 639-3,xkr,Chicriaba; Xacriabá; Chakriaba; Shacriaba; Chikriaba; Shakriabá -3978,Bashkardi,,32.0392,53.01374,bash1263,bsg,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsg,Bashaka -3979,Kati,,35.420967,71.292564,kati1270,bsh,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsh,Bashgali; Kativiri; Nuristani; Bašgalī -3981,Baga Sitemu,,10.5,-14.5,baga1272,bsp,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsp,Barka; Sitemuú; Tchitem; Stem Baga; Rio Pongo Baga; Baga; Temne -3982,Bayso,,6.4081,37.749,bais1246,bsw,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsw,Baiso; Alkali; Gidicho; Gedicho -3984,Bateri,,34.9073,72.8675,bate1261,btv,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,btv,Bateri Kohistani; Batera Kohistani; Baterawal; Baterawal Kohistani; Dardu -3987,Bugawac,,-6.728658199,147.3600464,buga1250,buk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,buk,Bukawa; Bukaua; Bukawac; Kawa; Kawac; Yom Gawac -3990,Mamaindé,,-11.8028,-59.8095,mama1278,wmd,Nambikwaran,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmd,Northern Nambikwara; Mamainde; Northern Nambikuára; Northern Nambikuaran; Kithāulhú; Northern Nambiquara -3995,Bati (Indonesia),,-3.61,130.81,bati1253,bvt,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvt,Gah -3996,Bwatoo,,-21.039,164.697,bwat1240,bwa,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bwa,Neukaledonien -3999,Belanda Bor,,6.4954,27.7404,bela1256,bxb,Nilotic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bxb,De Bor; Bor; Bor-Belanda -4001,Pela,,25.0638,98.2414,pela1242,bxd,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bxd,Bola; Bela; Pala; Polo; Pola; 波拉語; 波拉話 -4002,Ongota,,5.3207,37.2244,bira1253,bxe,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxe,Birale; 'Ongota; Birelle; Ifa'ongota; Shanqilla -4003,Payungu,,-23.905927,114.783325,bayu1240,bxj,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxj,Baijungo; Paiunggu; Baiong; Baiung; Biong; Bajungu; Pajungu; Giong; Mulgarnoo; Bayungu; Baiyungu -4004,Jalkunan,,10.57456,-5.352453,jalk1242,bxl,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxl,Dyala; Dyalanu; Jalkuna; Blé; Jelkuna; Jalakuna -4005,Katukina,,-5.6159,-68.7304,nucl1668,kav,Harakmbut-Katukinan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kav,Catuquina; Pidádiapá; Catuquino; Katukína; Katukina do Jutaí -4006,Eastern Buryat,,52.0,108.0,mong1330,bxm,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bxm,Mongolian Buriat; бурят-монгольский язык; buryaad xelen; буряад хэлэн; буриад аялгуу; бурятский язык; Northern Mongolian; Buriat; Buryat; Buriat-Mongolian; Mongolia Buriat; Bur:aad; Burjatisch -4007,Purduna,,-23.0093807,114.8292027,burd1238,bxn,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bxn,Buduna; Boordoona; Bootena; Boruna; Budina; Budoona; Bu-tena; Poodena; Poordoona; Purduma; Pinneegooroo; Talandji-Buduna; Burduna -4008,Barikanchi,,12.0,8.0,bari1241,bxo,,,ISO 639-3,bxo, -4009,Maya,,-24.136728,113.41095,badi1246,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0qb,Maia; Miah; Majanna; Maja -401,Gooniyandi,,-18.26153435,126.2884882,goon1238,gni,Bunaban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gni,Guniyandi; Guniandi; Gunian; Kunian; Kuniyan; Guniyan; Guniyn; Kunan; Koneyandi; Konejandi; Cowrana; Goonien; Gunan; Gunin; Gunyari; Konajan; Konean Konejandi; Konejanu; Kuniandu; Wadeawulu -4010,Bele,,10.217625,10.364777,beel1236,bxq,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxq,Beele; Àbéélé; Bellawa -4012,Western Buryat,,50.8336,109.5117,russ1264,bxr,Mongolic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxr,Russian Buriat; бурят-монгольский язык; buryaad xelen; буриад аялгуу; Buryat; Northern Mongolian; Burjatisch; буряад хэлэн; buriaad xelen -4014,Shanenawa,,-8.1014,-70.2129,shan1283,swo,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,swo,Katukina Shanenawa -4015,Bankagooma,,11.4261,-5.6744,bank1258,bxw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bxw,Banka; Bankagoma; Bankagoroma; Bankaje -4018,Bete,,7.016386,9.766867,bete1261,byf,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,byf, -4019,Bayono,,-5.22,139.62,bayo1260,byl,Bayono-Awbono,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,byl, -4020,Bidjara,,-25.30623867,147.1137388,bidy1243,bym,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bym,Bitjara; Bithara; Bidjera; Minkabari; Peachera; Peechera; Pitjara; Pitteroo; Wilya; Bidyara -4021,Bará,,0.333333333333,-70.25,waim1255,bao,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bao,Waimaha; Waimaja; Bará; Northern Barasano; Barasano; Waípinõmakã; Bará-Tuyuka -4023,Bisu,,19.75,100.0,bisu1244,bzi,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzi,Mbisu; Misu; Mibisu; Mbi; Laopin; Lawa; Lua; Pin; 畢蘇語; 米蘇語; 米畢蘇語 -4024,Barasano,,-0.166666666667,-70.6666666667,bara1380,bsn,Tucanoan,threatened,,bsn,Barasana; Southern Barasano; Paneroa; Banera yae; Come masa; Comematsa; Edulia; Eduria; Hanera oka; Janera; Taibano; Taiwaeno; Taiwano -4025,Nicaragua Creole English,,12.010778,-83.771836,nica1252,bzk,Pidgin or Creole,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzk,Mískito Coast Creole English; Miskito Coast Creole (MCC); Nicaraguan Creole English -4026,"Boano (Maluku, Indonesia)",,-2.96,127.95,boan1242,bzn,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzn,Buano -4027,Burmeso,,-2.48,138.2,burm1264,bzu,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,bzu,Taurap; Borumeso; Boromeso; Borumesso; Burumeso; Monau; Monao; Manau; Borumessu -4029,Mirití,,0.58896,-69.7432,miri1270,mmv,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mmv,Miriti-Tapuyo; Neenoá -4045,Central Mnong,,12.5525,107.3011,cent1992,cmo,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cmo,Pnong; Mnong; Central; Phong; Phnong; Budong; Budang; Phanong; Bu Nong; Bunong; Central Mong; Penong; Biat; Biet; Bhiét -4047,Côông,,22.5943,102.7455,coon1239,cnc,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cnc,Xa Coong; Xa Xam; Khoong; Xa Xeng; Công -4050,Cornish,,50.3333333333,-5.0,corn1251,cor,Indo-European,awakening,ISO 639-3,cor,Kernowek; Kernewek; Curnoack; Cornish -4052,Raljago,,-16.2166666667,168.0,lonw1238,crc,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,crc,Lonwolwol; Craig Cove; Fali; Fanting; West Ambrym -4053,Chaura,,7.9504,93.576,chau1258,crv,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,crv,Chowra; Tutet; Tətet; Kar Nicobar-Chowra; Tətɛt; Tatet; Sanenyo -4056,Sierra Miwok,,37.962,-120.2384,,,Utian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,csm; nsq; skd,Central Sierra Miwok: Tuolumne; Central Sierra Miwok; Northern Sierra Miwok: Seroushamne; Northern Sierra Miwok; Southern Sierra Miwok: Southern Sierra Miwok; Mewoc; Miwoc; Talatui; Talutui; Mokélumne; Moquelumnan; San Raphael; Me-Wuk; Yosemite; Meewoc; Sawos -4057,Hanis,,43.5,-124.166666667,coos1249,csz,Coosan,dormant,ISO 639-3,csz,Coos; Coos (Hanis); Anasitch -4058,Western Highland Chatino,,16.25,-97.25,west2644,ctp,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ctp,Chatino (Sierra Occidental); Chatino; Western Highland; Chatino de la Zona Alta Occidental; Cha't-An; Sierra Occidental Chatino -4059,Chhulung,,26.9483,87.2527,chhu1238,cur,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cur,Chilling; Chɨlɨng; Chulung; Chholung; Chhilling; Chhûlûng Rûng; Chülüng -4060,Chukwa,,27.36,86.98,chuk1270,cuw,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cuw,Cukwa Ring; Pohing; Pohing Kha -4061,Lower Central Chinantec,,17.772269,-96.310469,vall1253,cvn,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cvn,Chinanteco central bajo; Chinantec; Chinanteko; Chinanteco; Valle Nacional Chinantec; j+g dsa k+; j+g ki tsomän; jumi dsa iin+n -4062,Kuwaataay,,12.4204,-16.7596,kuwa1246,cwt,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cwt,Kwatay -4064,Dahalo,,-2.2625,40.7537,daha1245,dal,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dal,Sanye; Guo Garimani -4065,Dhay'yi,,-13.0255,136.213856,dayi1244,dax,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dax,Dayi; Dha'i; Daii; Dalwango; Dalwongu; Darlwongo; Dha?i; Dhalwangu; Dha'yi; Dhayyi; Djarlwa:g; Djawark; Taii Tai -4066,Dao,,-3.29,136.42,daoo1238,daz,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,daz,Maniwo; X-Ray -4067,Dabe,,-2.05,139.12,dabe1239,dbe,Orya-Tor,endangered,ISO 639-3,dbe,Mangambilis -4069,Jaru,,-18.5244,127.5825,jaru1254,ddj,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ddj; jaru1254,Djaru; Jaroo; Tjaru; Wawari; Dyaru; Charrau; Deharu; Djara; Djaro; Jarrau; Jarroo; Jarrou; Jaruo; Jaruru; Ka:biri; Karbery; Kodjangana; Meening; Neening; Nining; Njinin; Njining; Nyinin; Ruby Creek; Waringari; Waiangara -4070,Dem,,-3.72,137.63,demm1245,dem,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dem,Lem; Ndem -4071,Deori,,26.0,90.25,deor1238,der,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,der,Chutia; Deuri; Chutiya; Dewri; Drori; Dari; Deori Chutiya -4076,Dhimal,,26.6192,87.4635,dhim1246,dhi,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dhi,Dhīmāl -4077,Thalanyji,,-22.847071,113.816528,dhal1245,dhl,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dhl,Dalandji; Dalendi; Djalendi; Dalaindji; Dalangi; Talandji; Talanji; Talanjee; Talaindji; Talainji; Tallainji; Tal-lainga; Tallainga; Talandi; Talangee; Taloinga; Thalantji; Inikurdira; Jinigudira; Jinigudera; Jinigura; Jiniguri; Jarungura; Talandji-Buduna; Taliandji; Dhalandji -4078,Tharrkari,,-24.322071,114.8172,dhar1247,dhr,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dhr,Targari; Dal'gari; Tarkarri; Thargari; Tharrgari; Tarugari; Dargari; Tarkari; Dalgari; Tarl-garri; Dhargari -4079,Dhaiso,,-5.0745,38.4741,dhai1238,dhs,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dhs,Kidhaiso; Daiso; Daisu; Kiseguju -4080,Dhanwar,,26.9661,86.3223,koch1253,dhw,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dhw,Dhanvar; Danuwar Rai; Danuwar; Denwar; Danuvār -4082,Dilling,,12.050904,29.652858,dill1242,dil,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dil,Delen; Warki; Warkimbe; Debri; Nubian (Hill) -4084,Aveteian,,-16.33,167.52,dixo1238,dix,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dix,Dixon Reef -4085,Diuwe,,-5.13,139.46,diuw1238,diy,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,diy, -4086,Djinba,,-12.35852096,135.1458759,djin1252,djb,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,djb,Jinba; Djimba; Outjanbah; Dyinba; Ganalbwingu; Kurkamarnapia -4087,Djangun,,-16.91051,144.93245,djan1238,djf,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,djf,Adho-Adhom; Butju; Changunberries; Chungki; Chunkumberries; Chunkunberry; Chunkunburra; Djandnandi; Djankun; Djungan; Dyangun; Dyangunbari; Gugu Djangun; Gugu Dyangun; Jangun Djanggun; Koko-Mudju; Kokomutju; Kokotjangun; Koko-Tyankun; Kuu Jangkun; Mutju; Mutyu; Ngaigungo; Ngaikungo; Ngaikungo-I; Ngaikungu; Shanganburra -4088,Jiwarli,,-23.403034,115.1339619,djiw1241,dze,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dze,Djwarli; Tjiwarli; Djiwali; Dyiwarli; Guwari; Jivali; Jiwali; Juwali; Kuwari; Tcheewarlee; Tivali; Tjiwali; Tci-warli; Thiin; Te:n; Teen; Tenma; Djiwarli -4090,Jawi,,-16.4151748,123.191145,djaw1238,djw,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,djw,Djaui; Towahi; Tohawi; Ewenu; Ewenyoon; Chowie; Djaoi; Djau; Dyao; Dyawi; Ewanji; Ewenyun; I:wanja; Jarrau; Tohau-i; Djawi -4091,Dakpa,,27.3937,91.8965,dakp1242,dka,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dka,Dakpakha -4092,Domaaki,,36.216,74.651,doma1260,dmk,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dmk,Dawudi; Dumaki; Dumākī; Doma; Dardu -4093,Dameli,,35.466,71.81,dame1241,dml,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dml,Damēlī; Damel; Damedi; Damia; Gudoji; Dardu -4094,Dumpas,,5.967444,117.360686,dump1242,dmv,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,dmv,Doompas -4095,Daonda,,-3.29588294,141.2018433,daon1243,dnd,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,dnd, -4096,Dungan,,42.4518,78.4643,dung1253,dng,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dng,Dzhunyan; Tungan; Huizu; Zwn'jan; Kwuizwu; 東干語 -4103,Dair,,12.107138,30.143623,dair1239,drb,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,drb,Daier; Thaminyi; Nubian (Hill) -4104,Darma,,30.0,79.75,darm1243,drd,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,drd,Darmiya; Darimiya; Sauka; Shauka; Darmani; Saukas; Shaukas; Dārmūyā; Darmiyā -4105,Dolpo,,29.2193,83.0676,dolp1239,dre,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,dre,Phoke Dolpa; Dolpa Tibetan; Dolpike; D'ölpo -4106,Darkhat,,50.171,98.985,dark1243,,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,drh (retired),Darkhan; Darkhad; 達爾扈特; 達爾哈特 -4108,Darai,,24.0,84.0,dara1250,dry,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,dry, -4109,Lower Sorbian,,51.75,14.3333333333,lowe1385,dsb,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dsb,Sorbian; Sorbian (Lower); Lusatian; Wendish; Lower Lusatian; Low Sorbian; Lower Wendish; Dolna Lužica; Southern Lusatian; Saxon Lusatian; Lower Sorbian; Niedersorbisch; Bas Sorabe; Dolnoserbski; Delnoserbski; Wendisch; Sorbian; Lower -4113,Dumi,,27.25,86.6666666667,dumi1241,dus,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dus,Rai; Dumi Bo'o; Dumi Bro; Ro'do Bo'; Lsi Rai; Sotmali -4115,Jabirr-Jabirr,,-17.55866,122.495732,dyab1238,dyb,Nyulnyulan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dyb,Jabirrjabirr; Dyaberdyaber; Djaberdjaber; Djaberadjaber; Djabirdjabir; Dyabir-Dyabir; Djaberadjabera; Tjabartjabara; Tjabiratjabir; Tjabirtjabira -4117,Dhanggati,,-30.94350452,152.1724551,dyan1250,dyn,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dyn,Djan-Gadi; Dainggati; Boorkutti; Dangadi; Dangati; Danggadi; Danggetti; Ghangatty; Thangatti; Amberu; Burgadi; Burrgati; Burugardi; Daingatti; daNati; Dang-getti; Danghetti; Dhangatty; Dhang-atty; Dhanggatti; Dhungutti; Djaingadi; Djangadi; Dunghutti; Dunggudi; Himberrong; Jang; Macleay Valley language; Ngaku; Nulla Nulla; Tangetti; Tang-gette; Thangatty; Thungatti; Yung; Yunggai; Danggali; Dangali; Tungarlee; Tongaranka; Dianggati; Dyangadi; Thanggatti; Thanggati -4118,Djabugay,,-16.82350711,145.5840818,dyaa1242,dyy,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dyy,Dyabugay; Tjapukai; Bulum-Bulum; Check-Cull; Chewlie; Djabugai; Hileman; Kodgotto; Kikonjunkulu; Kokonyungalo; Koko-Tjumbundji; Ngarlkajie; Orlow; Tjabakai-Thandji; Tjabogaijanji; Tjankir; Tjankun; Tjapunkandji; Tjunbundji; Barron River dialect; Binggu; Dyabugai; Dyabugandyi; Koko-tjumbun; Tjapukandji; Tjapukanja; Tjabogaitjandji; Tajbogaijanji; Kokonjunkulu; Kokoyungalo; Njakali; Nyakali; Dyaabugay -4119,Tunzu,,10.033333,9.1,tunz1235,dza,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dza,Dugusa; Duguza -4120,Eitiep,,-3.520083904,142.5982513,eiti1240,eit,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,eit,Endangen; Indiang -4122,El Hugeirat,,12.3131,28.4243,elhu1238,elh,Nubian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,elh,El Hagarat; Nubian (Hill) -4123,Nding,,10.4121,30.6024,ndin1245,eli,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,eli,Eliri -4124,El Molo,,2.7212,36.7326,elmo1238,elo,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,elo,Elmolo; Fura-Pawa; Ldes; Dehes; Ndorobo -4126,Elu,,-2.0,147.1,eluu1241,elu,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,elu,Admiralitäts-inseln -4127,Eastern Meohang,,27.5441,87.1401,east2357,emg,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,emg,Rai; Newang; Newahang; Newange Rai; Newahang Jimi; Mewahang; Jindā; Meohang; Eastern -4130,Forest Enets,,68.6836,86.2727,fore1265,enf,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,enf,Bai Enets; Pe-Bae; лесной энецкий; Yenisei Samoyed; онаь базаан; ona' bazaan; enetj; enets; Yenisey; пэ-бай; Jenissei-Dialekt; Baicha-Dialekt; Jenisei; Enets; Jenisej-Samojedisch; Enzisch; Yenisey Samoyedic; iénisséi; enete; èncy; Yensisei-Samoyed; Yenisei Samoyedic; Yenisei Somoyed; Enec; Yenets; Yenisey-Samoyedic; Eńeć; Samojedi; Samojedimanzela; enyec nyelv; enetsin kieli -4131,Erohwa,,5.155231,6.034824,eruw1238,erh,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,erh,Eruwa; Erakwa; Arokwa -4132,Erre,,-12.580519,133.06175,erre1238,err,Giimbiyu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,err,Ere; Ari; Erei; Arra -4133,Ersu,,28.966069,102.771749,ersu1241,ers,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ers,爾蘇語 -4135,Eshtehardi,,35.73,50.37,esht1238,esh,,,ISO 639-3,esh, -4142,Even,,67.6593,134.6594,even1260,eve,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,eve,Lamut; Orich; Ilqan; Ewen; Eben; lama-dī; Ewenische; Lamutische; Northeastern Tungus; Tungusisabatschi; Lamuti; эвенский язык; ламутский язык; эвэды торэн; eved'i toren -4144,Fali of Baissa,,7.0,10.0,bais1242,fah,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fah, -4147,Kven Finnish,,69.38,29.54,kven1236,fkv,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,fkv,North Fennic; North Finnish; Kven -4148,Kalispel-Spokane-Pend d'Oreille-Salish,,47.5944,-114.1182,,,Salishan,severely endangered,,fla; spo,Nqlispélišcn; Kalispel; Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille; Kalispel-Pend D'oreille; Kalispel-Flathead; Flathead-Kalispel; Salish; Montana Salish-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Montana Salish-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Séliš; Spokane-Kalispel-Flathead; Qalispé; Flathead-Kalispel-Spokane; Spokan; Montana Salish-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Montana Salish-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Spokane-Kalispel-Flathead; Npoqínišcn; Spokane; Flathead; Selish -4149,Foau,,-3.05,139.21,foau1240,flh,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,flh,Doa -4150,Flinders Island,,-14.17091978,144.2456751,flin1247,fln,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fln,Yalgawarra; Wurima; Mutumui; Walmbaria; Gambilmugu -4155,Carolinian,,15.2,145.75,caro1242,cal,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,cal,Saipan Carolinian; Southern Carolinian; Sprache der Marianen; Karolinian -4156,Chácobo,,-11.78,-66.35,chac1251,cao,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cao,Chákobo; Chacobo; Shinabo; Chakobo-Pakawara -4157,Car Nicobarese,,9.0,93.0,carn1240,caq,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,caq,Nicobarese (Car); Pu; Car; Car Nicobarese; Kar Nicobar-Chowra; Car Nikobar; Puː; Nicobarese; Car -4159,Kasanga,,12.2702,-16.1553,kasa1248,ccj,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ccj,Cassanga; Kassanga; I-Hadja; Haal -4160,Choni,,34.5947,103.5653,chon1285,cda,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cda,Chona; Chone; Cone; Jone; 卓尼話 -4161,Centúúm,,9.88904,11.751045,cent2045,cet,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cet,Cen Tuum; Jalaa -4163,Highland Chontal,,16.25,-95.75,high1242,chd,Tequistlatecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,chd,Chontal; Chontal of Oaxaca; Chontal (Highland); Chontal de Oaxaca (Sierra); Tequistlateco; Highland Oaxaca Chontal; Mountain Tequistlatec -4167,Chinook Wawa,,45.0591,-123.6091,chin1272,chn,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,chn,Chinook Jargon; Chinook Pidgin; Chinuk Wawa; Jargon; činúk wáwa -4169,Chiapanec,,16.192264,-92.795103,chia1262,cip,Otomanguean,dormant,ISO 639-3,cip,Chiapaneco; Chiapaneko -4171,Southwestern Ojibwa,,47.6666666667,-92.5,chip1241,ciw,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ciw,Ojibwe (Minnesota); Ojibwa; Ojibway; Ojibwe; Chippeway; Chippewa; Chipewa; Chipeway; Anishinabe -4172,Chaima,,8.4941,-64.0942,chai1253,,,,,ciy; cuo,Chaima: Chayma; Guaga-Tagare; Sayma; Warapiche; Kumaná; Cumaná; Cumanagoto -4173,Eastern Cham,,11.562,108.994,east2563,cjm,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cjm,Phan Rang Cham; Cham; Cham (Eastern); Tjam; Chiem; Chiem Thành; Bhamam; Bình Thuân -4174,Chenapian,,-4.273582935,142.2684479,chen1259,cjn,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,cjn,Tsenap; Zenap; Chenap -4176,Kavalan,,24.6,121.85,kava1241,ckv,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ckv,Kuwarawan; Kiwarawa; Kuvarawan; Kibalan; Kiwaraw; Kuvalan; Kavarauan; Kvalan; Shekwan; Cabaran; Kabalan; Kabaran; Kamalan; Kavanan; Kbalan; Sprache von Formosa; 噶瑪蘭語 -4178,Chilisso,,35.280275,73.295122,chil1275,clh,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,clh,Chiliss; Galos; Dardu; Chiliso -4179,Kera'a,,28.6496,95.8419,idum1241,clk,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,clk; idum1241,Idu-Mishmi; Idu; Midu; Lho-Pa; Chulikata; Chulikotta; Ida; Midhi; Yidu Luoba; Chulikatta; Idu Mishmi; Chulikātā Mishmi; Neda; Methun; Bebejiya; 義都語; 珞巴 -4181,Kiai,,-15.403194,166.86002,fort1240,frt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,frt,Fortsenal -4182,Ko,,10.6714,30.8386,kooo1244,fuj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fuj,Kau; Fungor; Fungur -4184,Alekano,,-6.066817,145.39135,alek1238,gah,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gah,Gahuku; Gafuku; Gahuku-Gama; Zo'maga -4186,Gta',,18.2293,82.727,gata1239,gaq,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gaq,Gataʔ; Gata'; Gataq; Getaq; Didei; Didey; Didayi; Dire; Geta'; Gta'; Gta Asa -4188,Mudhili Gadaba,,18.3858,82.7819,mudh1235,gau,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gau,Kondekor Gadaba; Kondekor; Gadaba; Mudhili; Gadaba; Gol Gadaba; Salur Ollar Gadaba; Kondekar; Kondkor; Salur Gadba; Salur -4189,Kaytetye,,-20.61525316,134.235744,kayt1238,gbb,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbb,Kaiditj; Kaititj; Gaididj; Kaititja; Kaitije; Katitja; Katitcha; Katitya; Kaitish; Kaddakie; Kadda-kie; Kaitidji; Kaitiji; Kaititje; Katitch-a; Kat-titch-a; Kat-tit-ya; Kaytej -4190,Garrwa,,-16.070005,136.309758,gara1269,wrk,Garrwan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrk,Karrwa; Garawa; Karawa; Leearrawa; Gaarwa; Karwa; Karrawar; Kurrawar; Korrawa; Karrwaz; Garuwa; Grawa; Kariwa; Leearawa; Wollongorang; Wulungwara -4191,Karajarri,,-18.71361155,122.0338064,kara1476,gbd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gbd,Karrajarri; Garadjiri; Garadyari; Guradjara; Gard'are; Karatjarri; Karadjari; Garadjeri; Karadhari; Garadjara; Laradjeri; Naudu; Nadja; Nadjanadja; Kularupulu; Nawudu; Nawurungainj; Minala; Karadjeri -4193,Gaddi,,32.4912,76.8383,gadd1242,gbk,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,gbk,Bharmauri Bhadi; Pahari Bharmauri; Panchi Brahmauri Rajput; Gaddyali; Gadiali; Gadi -4194,Mo'da,,6.5008,29.9377,moda1242,gbn,Central Sudanic,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbn,Gberi; Gweri; Gbara; Muda -4195,Gagudju,,-12.514603,132.647017,gaga1251,gbu,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,gbu,Abedal; Abiddul; Arwur; Auwur; Awoy; Gagadju; Gagadu; Gagadyu; Gaguju; Ka:ka:dju; Kakadju; Kakadu; Kakaju; Kakakta; Kakata; Kakatu; Kakdju; Kakdjuan; Kakudju; Karkadoo; Katata; A:rwu:r; Abdedal; Awur; Gaagudju -4196,Zoroastrian Dari,,31.805181,54.466658,zoro1242,gbz,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbz,Dari; Gabri; Gabar; Yazdi; Gabri; Yazdi; Dari; Zoroastrian; Behdinan dialect -4197,Ganggalida,,-17.019031,138.229847,gang1267,gcd,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gcd,Mainland; Engarilla; Eugoola; Ganggalita; Iukala; Jakula; Jogula; Jokal; Jokala; Jokul; Jokula; Jugul; Jugula; Jugulda; Jungulda; Kanggaleida; Kangkalita; Yangarella; Yokula; Yookala; Yugulda; Yukala; Yukula; Yukulta; Southern Tangkic; Yukulta-Nguburindi; Mainland Tangkic; Ganggalidda -4198,Pottangi Ollar Gadaba,,18.75,83.5,pott1240,gdb,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gdb,Ollar Gadaba; Ollari; Ollaro; Hallari; Allar; Hollar Gadbas; San Gadaba; Gadba; Sano; Kondekar; Kondkor; Pottangi Gadba; Pottangi; Gadaba; Pottangi Ollar -4199,Gugu-Badhun,,-18.96002008,143.2350126,gugu1253,gdc,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdc,Kokopatun; Patun; Koko Padun; Koko-Patun; Koko Patun; Gugu Badhun -4200,Gajirrabeng,,-14.99,128.85,gadj1243,gdh,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdh,Gadjerong; Kajirrawung; Gadyerong; Gadyerrong; Gajirrawoong; Gajirrabeng; Gadjarawang; Ginmu; Kadjarong; Kadjerawang; Kadjeroen; Kadjerong; Kujera; Gadjerawang -4201,Kurtjar,,-17.31160269,141.6480703,gurd1238,gdj,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdj,Kurtjjar; Kurrtyar; Gurdyar; Gunggara; Kuritjari; Kutjar; Koonkurri; Ungorri; Gilbert River tribe; Gurdjar; Ikarranggal -4202,Mehri,,21.43,51.15,mehr1241,gdq,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,gdq,Mehrī; Mahri; Meḥri -4203,Geruma,,10.206,9.27,geru1240,gea,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gea,Gerumawa; Gerema; Germa -4204,Kukatj,,-18.04972881,141.088921,guga1239,ggd,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ggd,Kukatji; Konggada; Kalibamu; Gugadj -4207,Eastern Gurung,,28.275,84.1782,east2345,ggn,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ggn,Gurung; Gurnung; Eastern; Gurung; Eastern -421,Baba Malay,,1.75,103.08,baba1267,mbf,,,ISO 639-3,mbf,Chinese Malay; Baba; Straits Malay; Bahasa Peranakan; Malay; Baba -4210,Gija,,-17.72282433,127.6836782,kitj1240,gia,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,gia; kitj1240,Gidja; Kidja; Kija; Kitja; Ku:tji; Kuitji; Kuitj; Gi:dj; Kwitj; Gwidji; Guidj; Guwidji; Kisah; Keha; Kisha; Kityu; Liej; Lungga; Longga; Loonga; Langgu; Lunga; Lungu; Paljarri; Djarak; Tjarak; War-ingari; Warrangari; Kutnalawaru; Miwa; Walki; Kitja -4211,Gibanawa,,12.22,4.38,giba1240,gib,,,ISO 639-3,gib,Gembanawa; Gimbanawa; Jega -4213,Gitsenimx̱,,55.355,-127.6828,gitx1241,git,Tsimshian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,git,Gitksan; Gitsanimx̱; Gitksanimx; Gitxsan; Gitxsen; Hazelton; Giklsan; Gityskyan; Gyitska'n; Interior; Nass-Gitksan -4214,Giyug,,-13.2,130.09,giyu1238,giy,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,giy, -4215,Guya,,-5.704599857,146.4853973,guya1251,gka,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,gka,Guiarak; Guyarak -4225,Northern Tujia,,28.828,109.5904,nort2732,tji,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tji,Tuchia; Tudja; Tujia; Tujia; Northern; Biji; Bizhi; Bizhika; 土家語; 北部土家語 -4226,Koro (Vanuatu),,-14.3242,167.4728,koro1308,krf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,krf, -4227,Gamberre,,-14.294386,126.711653,gamb1251,gma,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gma,Gamberre; Gambere; Gambre; Northern Language; Gamgre; Guwan; Kambera; Kambre; Kambure; Gambera -4230,Gangte,,24.1968,93.587,gang1266,gnb,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gnb,Gante -4231,Lere,,10.037824,9.089607,lere1241,gnh,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gnh, -4232,Kokota,,-8.0347,159.1781,koko1269,kkk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kkk, -4235,Gana,,5.435442,116.178317,gana1277,gnq,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gnq,Ganaq; Gana'; Minansut; Keningau Dusun -4239,Gozarkhani,,36.335053,50.720969,goza1238,goz,,,ISO 639-3,goz, -4240,Guruntum,,9.900878,9.765803,guru1271,grd,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grd,Guruntum-Mbaaru; Gurdung; Tala; Gùrdùŋ; Gùrùntùm -4241,Madi,,-4.5,144.6,madi1261,grg,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,grg,Gira; Girara -4242,Guriaso,,-3.57,141.6,guri1248,grx,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,grx,Menóu -4246,Guatuso,,10.75,-84.73,male1297,gut,Chibchan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gut,Maléku Jaíka; Watuso-Wétar; Güetar; Guetar; Watuso -4248,Yanomamö,,2.0,-64.0,yano1261,guu,Yanomaman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guu,Guaicá; Shamateri; Guaharibo; Guajaribo; Yanomamɨ; Yamomame; Guaica; Yanomaman language area; Yanomame; Yanomami; Shamatari; Cobari Kobali; Cobariwa; Yanomani; Yanomamï; Shamatri; Shaathari -4249,Gurmana,,10.075,6.8499,gurm1246,gvm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvm, -4250,Kuku-Yalanji,,-15.8148,144.9316,kuku1273,gvn,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvn,Guguyalanji; Koko-Yalanji; Kuku-Yalangi; Gugu-Yalandyi; Booroorar; Cangoora; Chokonara; Cuegudira; Djiling; Gugu-Jalandji; Gugu-Yalandji; Gugu-Yalanji; Gumbo; Gumbu; Jal:a; Jelanji Jiling; Juliacara; Junkara; Kokalungie; Koko Yerlandji; Koko-yalanji; Kuku Yalandji; Kokoyellanji; Koko-Yerlandji; Kokoyerlantji; Kokolerlantchi; Gugu Yalandyi; Koko Jelandji; Koko Walandja; Koko-Katji; Kuku Yalanji -4251,Western Gurung,,28.3333333333,84.3333333333,guru1261,gvr,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvr,Gurung; Tamu Kyi; Gurnung; Gurung; Western -4254,Gweno,,-3.7135,37.6501,gwen1239,gwe,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwe,Kigweno; Ghonu; Kighonu -4255,Gowro,,35.157472,73.141853,gowr1239,gwf,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwf,Gabaro; Gabar Khel; Dardu -4256,Gawar-Bati,,35.310503,71.550815,gawa1247,gwt,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gwt,Gawar-bātī; Narisātī; Narsātī; Gawar-bati; Gowar-Bati; Gowari; Narsati; Narisati; Arandui; Satre; Dardu -4257,Guwamu,,-28.02423918,147.6605303,guwa1243,gwu,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gwu,Koamu; Kooma; Kuamu; Kuam; Guamu; Oamu; Kaombal; Guwa; Koambal -4258,Kanowit-Tanjong,,2.087396,112.165452,kano1244,kxn,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kxn,Kanowit -4259,Gyem,,10.3865,9.3122,gyem1238,gye,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gye,Gyemawa; Gema; Gemawa; Gyam -4260,Gungabula,,-25.88011934,148.6271626,gung1248,gyf,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyf,Kongabula; Ongabula; Khungabula; Kungabula -4261,Gunya,,-27.64957662,145.9658542,guny1241,gyy,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyy,Kunja; Gu:nja; Kurnja -4262,Gazi,,34.034319,49.454314,gazi1243,gzi,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gzi, -4263,Gurani,,35.75,45.5,gura1251,hac,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hac,Howrami; Hawrami; Hewrami; Hawramani; Gorani; Macho; Awromani -4265,Hinduri,,31.0011,77.3107,hind1267,hii,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,hii,Handuri -4266,Himarimã,,-6.2,-64.5,hima1247,hir,,,ISO 639-3,hir,Hi-Merimã; Hi-Marimã; Maimã -4267,Hiw,,-13.1343,166.5671,hiww1237,hiw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,hiw,Hiu; Torres; Torres Island -4270,Hoava,,-8.1883,157.6036,hoav1238,hoa,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,hoa,Hoava-Kusaghe -4271,Hobyot,,17.22,52.83,hoby1242,hoh,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hoh,Habyot; Hobyót; Hobi; Hewbyót -4273,Hozo,,9.3352,34.53,hozo1236,hoz,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,hoz,Begi-Mao; Mao of Begi -4274,Hpon,,24.65,97.0666,hpon1238,hpo,Sino-Tibetan,dormant,ISO 639-3,hpo,Hpön; Phun; Phön; Phon; Megyaw; Samong; Hpun -4275,Hawai'i Sign Language,,21.63,-158.0,hawa1235,hps,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hps,Hawaii Sign Language; Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language; Pidgin Sign Language -4276,Hmwaveke,,-20.9665,164.7866,hmwa1243,mrk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrk,Moaveke; Ceta; Faa Ceta; Neukaledonien -4278,Hruso,,27.1666,92.6312,hrus1242,hru,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,hru,Aka-Hruso; Ĝusso; Aka; Hrusso; Angka; Angkae; Tenae; Hruso B; Hrus(s)o; Angka(e); Gusso -4279,Harzani,,38.43,48.28,harz1239,hrz,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hrz,Harzandi -4280,Upper Sorbian,,51.5,14.0,uppe1395,hsb,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hsb,Sorbian; Sorbian (Upper); Eastern Sorbian; Upper Sorbian; Obersorbisch; Haut Sorabe; Upper Lusatian; Wendish; Hornjoserbski; Hornoserbski; Wendisch; Sorbian; Upper -4281,Ḥarsusi,,19.65,56.16,hars1241,hss,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hss,Ḥarsūsī; Harsusi; Hersyet; Harsi `Aforit -4282,Minica Huitoto,,-1.0,-74.0,mini1256,hto,Witotoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,hto,Minica; Mɨnɨca; Mɨnɨka; Uitoto; Meneca; Huitoto Meneca; Witoto Meneca; Meneka; Meneka-Witoto -4288,Hulaulá,,32.2128,34.9118,hula1244,huy,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,huy,Judeo-Aramaic; Lishana Noshan; Lishana Axni; Jabali; Kurdit; Galiglu; 'Aramit; Hula Hula -4291,Haveke,,-20.9665,164.7866,have1241,hvk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,hvk,Aveke; 'Aveke; Neukaledonien; Haeke; Hmwaveke -4292,Huave,,16.35,-94.7,,,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hve; hue; huv; hvv,Huave -4294,Indri,,8.4397,25.5926,indr1247,idr,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,idr,Yanderika; Yandirika -4295,Igana,,-4.716300011,144.7819061,igan1243,igg,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,igg, -4297,Iha Based Pidgin,,-2.94,132.29,ihab1241,ihb,,,ISO 639-3,ihb, -4298,Ik,,3.5024,34.1894,ikkk1242,ikx,Kuliak,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ikx,Icietot; Teuso; Teuth; Ngulak -4299,Ilgar,,-11.393997,132.116928,gari1253,ilg,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ilg,Garig/Garig-Ilgar; Garig -4300,Ilue,,4.9185,8.2397,ilue1241,ilv,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ilv,Idua -4302,Imonda,,-3.33,141.17,imon1245,imn,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,imn, -4305,Inga,,1.1658,-77.0011,,,Quechuan,threatened,,inb; inj,Ingano -4306,Ipiko,,-7.435678005,144.8769073,ipik1244,ipo,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ipo,Ipikoi; Higa; Epai -4308,Isconahua,,-7.760233,-74.515153,isco1239,isc,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,isc,Iskonawa; Iscobakebo; Iscobaquebu -4309,Masimasi,,-2.01,139.04,masi1265,ism,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ism, -4311,"Isu (Northwest Region, Cameroon)",,6.39173,10.050327,isum1240,isu,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,isu, -4312,Iteri,,-4.0807,141.5039,iter1241,itr,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,itr,Alowiemino; Iyo; Laro; Rocky Peak; Yinibu -4314,Ixil,,15.4849,-91.0358,ixil1251,,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ixi; ixj; ixl, -4315,Jakun,,1.8871,103.984,jaku1244,jak,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jak,Jaku'd; Jakud'n; Jakoon; Djakun; Orang Hulu -4317,Yanyuwa,,-16.49279406,136.7840759,yany1243,jao,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jao,Aniula; Anjula; Anula; Anuwa; Anyoola; Anyula; Anyuwa; Djirukurumbant; Iangkala; Janjula; Leanawa; Leeanuwa; Njangga; Njangkala; Unalla; Wadere; Waderi; Wadiri; Yangala; Yanula; Yanular; Yanyula; Yuggamurra -4321,Jad,,30.645,78.3627,jadd1243,jda,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jda,Bhotia; Dzad -4325,Jilbe,,11.749,14.5458,jilb1238,jie,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jie,Zoulbou -4327,Jimi (Cameroon),,10.339154,13.562401,jimi1254,jim,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jim,Djimi; Jimjimen; 'Um Falin; Bi-Gimu -4328,Youle Jinuo,,22.0,101.0,youl1235,jiu,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jiu,Jinuo; Jino; Youle; Jinuo; Youle; 攸樂基諾語 -4329,Shuar,,-2.5,-78.0,shua1257,jiv,Chicham family (Jivaroan),vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jiv,Jívaro; Chiwaro; Jíbaro; Shuara; Xivaro; Chicham -4330,Buyuan Jinuo,,22.0,101.0,buyu1238,jiy,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jiy,Jinuo; Jino; Buyuan; Jinuo; Buyuan; 基諾語補遠方言 -4332,Labir,,10.447299,9.538467,labi1245,jku,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jku,Jaku; Jakun; Jakanci -4333,Ngile,,10.6666666667,30.0,ngil1242,jle,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jle,Masakin; Mesakin; Daloka; Taloka; Darra -4335,Jimi (Nigeria),,10.701093,9.813126,jimi1255,jmi,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jmi,Bi-Gimu -4337,Jangshung,,31.5833333333,78.4166666667,jang1254,jna,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jna,Jangrami; Zangram; Zhang-Zhung; Jangiam; Thebor; Thebör Skadd; Thebarskad; Central Kinnauri; Zhang-zhung; Kanāwri -4338,Jaunsari,,30.4859,78.0908,jaun1243,jns,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jns,Janusari; Jaunsauri; Jansauri; Pahari -4340,Jirel,,27.6419,86.2123,jire1238,jul,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jul,Ziral; Jiri; Jirial -4341,Juang,,21.0742,85.6164,juan1238,jun,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jun,Patua; Patra-Saara; Puttooas; Juango -4345,Kaanju,,-13.45659025,142.9043198,kanj1260,kbe,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kbe,Kandju; Kaantyu; Gandju; Gandanju; Kamdhue; Kandyu; Kanyu; Karnu; Jabuda; Neogulada; Yaldiye-Ho; Ka:ntju; Ka:ndyu; Kantju; Karnju; Karndheu; Karntju; Karnyu; Kamdheu; Ka-ntyu; Kan·ntyu; Kambhue; Kanju -4346,Khamba,,29.0105,94.7653,kham1283,kbg,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbg,Khamba Khaadi -4350,Ngkâlmpw Kanum,,-8.66666666667,140.916666667,ngka1235,kcd,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcd,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum (Ngkâlmpw); Kanum; Ngkâlmpw -4352,Kobiana,,12.4017,-16.3229,kobi1241,kcj,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcj,Cobiana; Uboi; Buy; Guboy -4353,Kinalakna,,-6.040325165,147.4664001,kina1251,kco,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kco, -4354,Kanga,,10.844,29.4708,kang1288,kcp,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcp,Krongo Abdalla; Kufa-Lima; Chiroro-Kursi; Abu Sinun; Kufo; Kufa -4355,Katla,,11.8333333333,29.3333333333,katl1237,kcr,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kcr,Akalak; Kalak -4357,Kami (Tanzania),,-6.729292,37.922087,kami1256,kcu,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kcu,Kikami -4358,Gats'amé,,5.9548,37.5292,kach1284,kcx,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcx,Kachama-Ganjule; Gats'ame; Get'eme; Gatame; Haruro; Gidicho; Kachama; Gatsame; Qechem -4359,Koch,,25.7603,90.3955,koch1250,kdq,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kdq,Koc; Kocch; Koce; Kochboli; Konch -4361,Kadaru,,12.029919,30.052986,kada1282,kdu,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdu,Kadaro; Kadero; Kaderu; Kodoro; Kodhin; Kodhinniai; Nubian (Hill); Koldagi -4363,Keiga,,11.3184,29.696,keig1242,kec,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kec,Yega; Keiga-Timero; Keiga-Al-Kheil; Demik; Aigang -4364,Tese,,11.2161,29.8471,tese1238,keg,Temein,threatened,ISO 639-3,keg,Teis-Umm-Danab; Keiga Jirru; Keiga Girru; Dese; Teis-um-Danab -4365,Kodagu,,12.1666666667,76.8333333333,koda1255,kfa,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfa,Kodava; Coorge; Kadagi; Khurgi; Kotagu; Kurja; Kurug; Kodava Thak; Koḍagu -4367,Konda-Dora,,18.2763,82.9385,kond1295,kfc,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfc,Porja; Koṇḍa; Konḍa (Kūbi); Konda; Konḍa -4368,Korra Koraga,,11.6952,75.6738,korr1238,kfd,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfd,Koragar; Koragara; Korangi; Korra; Koraga; Koraga; Korra -4369,Kota (India),,11.4154,76.8576,kota1263,kfe,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfe,Kotta; Kowe-Adiwasi; Kother-Tamil; Kôta; Kōta -4370,Kurichiya,,11.82,75.52,kuri1256,kfh,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfh,Kurichia; Kurichchia; Kowohans; Kurichiyars; Kuruchans -4373,Kinnauri,,31.58333,78.41667,kinn1249,kfk,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfk,Kinnaura Yanuskad; Kanoreunu Skad; Kanorug Skadd; Lower Kinnauri; Kinori; Kinner; Kanauri; Kanawari; Kanawi; Kunawari; Kunawur; Tibas Skad; Kanorin Skad; Kanaury Anuskad; Koonawure; Malhesti; Milchanang; Milchan; Milchang; Kinauri; Kanāwri; Kanāwarī; Kanoreunu Skadd; Kanōrug Skadd; Tibas Skadd; Lower Kanauri; Lower Kănawi; Upper Kanauri; Minchhang; Minchhanäng -4374,Kuk,,6.461755,10.13127,kukk1239,kfn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfn, -4375,Koro (Cote d'Ivoire),,8.11966,-5.73572,koro1306,kfo,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfo,Koro Jula -4378,Gamale Kham,,28.5,82.75,gama1251,kgj,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgj,Kham; Proto-Kham; Khamkura; Gamale; Khams; Kham; Gamale -4379,Gunggari,,-26.71355116,146.4458743,kung1258,kgl,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kgl,Kunggari; Congaro; Coongurri; Goon-garree; Gungar; Gungari; Kogai; Kogurre; Kungeri; Kungri; Kuungkari; Ngaragari; Unggari; Unggri; Unghi; Ungorri; Koonkerri; Koongerri; Yangeberra; Yankibura -4380,Karingani,,38.57,47.43,kari1303,kgn,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgn, -4381,Krongo,,10.5,30.0,kron1241,kgo,Kadu,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgo,Korongo; Kurungu; Kadumodi; Tabanya; Dimodongo; Nuba -4382,Gumbaynggir,,-29.99947323,152.7216997,kumb1268,kgs,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kgs,Gumbaingari; Kumbainggar; Kumbaingeri; Gambalamam; Baanbay; Kombinegherry; Coombyngura; Coombagoree; Coombangree; Kumbanggerri; Koombanggaree; Kumbainggerri; Kumbinggeri; Kumbangerai; Kumbanggar; Gumbainggar; Kumbainggir; Kumbainggiri; Gumbangir; Kumbainggeri; Kumbaingir; Kom-baingheri; Koombanggary; Koombanggherry; Koombainga; Coombyn-gura; Coombyngara; Coombargaree; Gumbaiŋgar; Gunbaiŋgar; Gumbaingar; Guinbainggiri; Gumbanggar; Bellinger tribe; Bellingen tribe; Nimboy; Woolgoolga; Orara; Kombaingheri; Koombangghery; Gumbaingaar; Banbai; Bahnbi; Ahnbi; Dandai -4384,Bädi Kanum,,-8.83333333333,140.75,badi1247,khd,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,khd,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum (Bädi); Kanum; Bädi -4385,Korowai,,-5.25,140.0,koro1312,khe,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,khe,Kolufaup -4386,Kehu,,-3.19,136.14,kehu1238,khh,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,khh, -4389,Kim,,9.91666666667,15.9166666667,kimm1246,kia,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kia,Masa; Kosop; Kwasap; Kuasap -4390,Kickapoo,,39.6972,-95.7089,kick1244,kic,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kic,Kikapoo; Kikapú -4393,Kosadle,,-3.79,140.2,kosa1251,kiq,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,kiq,Kosare -4394,Kis,,-3.509520054,142.7848358,kiss1246,kis,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kis, -4395,Kirikiri,,-3.0,137.166666667,kiri1256,kiy,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,kiy,Kirira -4396,Khalaj,,34.3751,50.3063,turk1303,klj,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klj,Turkic Khalaj; Chaladsch; Arghu -4397,Kháng,,22.0333,102.6666,khan1274,kjm,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjm,Khaang; Tayhay; Tay Hay; Xa; Xá Khao; Xa Xua; Xa Don; Xa Dang; Xa Hoc; Xa Ai; Xa Bung; Quang Lam; Hang; Bren; Ksakautenh; Putenh; Pouteng; Teng; Theng; Xa Suak -4399,Odoodee,,-6.7,142.5,odoo1238,kkc,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kkc,Kalamo; Nomad; Tomu; Tomu River; Ododei -4401,Kiong,,5.1077,8.208992,kion1242,kkm,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkm,Akoiyang; Akayon; Okonyong; Okoyong; Iyoniyong -4402,Koko-Bera,,-15.46465646,142.0337612,gugu1254,kkp,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkp,Koko Bera; Kukaberra; Kungkara; Konanin; Goona-nin; Gunani; Gunanni; Goonamin; Goonamon; Koko papung; Kokopapun; Ba:bung; Kokobera; Kok Kaber; Gugu Bera; Kok-Kaper; Kok-Per; (Yirrq-) Kongarrlh; Kok-Kapér; Kok-Chel; Koko Pera; Kokopera; Kukubera; Berang; Paperyn; Gugubera -4403,Gamilaraay,,-29.85302243,147.9291115,gami1243,kld,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kld,Camileroi; Gamilaroi; Kamilaroi; Kamilarai; Kamilroi; Kamilrai; Kamularoi; Kaameelarrai; Komleroy; Kahmilaharoy; Kamilary; Gumilori; Gummilroi; Ghummilarai; Cumilri; Kimilari; Kamil; Comleroy; Camel Duahi; Kamalarai; Koomilroi; Gunilroi; Guminilroi; Gumilray; Camleroy; Euhahlayi; Gamilaraay -4404,Weliki,,-5.99,147.14,weli1239,klh,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,klh,Weleki; Karangi -4406,Kapya,,7.050127,9.866482,kapy1238,klo,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,klo, -4408,Khaling,,27.5,86.6666666667,khal1275,klr,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klr,Rai; Kaling; Khalinge Rai; Khael Bra; Khael Baat -4409,Kalasha,,35.701005,71.694859,kala1372,kls,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kls; kala1372,Kalasa; Kalashamon; Kalash; Dardu -4414,Kami (Nigeria),,9.044462,6.570498,kami1258,kmi,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kmi, -4415,Kumarbhag Paharia,,25.0,87.3333333333,kuma1274,kmj,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmj,Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Mal; Mad; Paharia; Pahariya; Kumar -4416,Kom,,24.0414,93.6639,komi1270,kmm,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmm,Kom Rem; Kolhreng -4423,Konomala,,-4.169494,152.889711,kono1269,koa,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,koa, -4427,Kota (Gabon),,0.207366,13.721718,kota1274,koq,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,koq,Ikota; Ikuta; Kotu -4428,Kosraean,,5.3,163.0,kosr1238,kos,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kos,Kusaie; Kosrae -4429,Kudu-Camo,,11.0166,8.8879,kudu1241,kov,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kov,Kudawa; Kuda-Chamo -4432,Kapingamarangi,,1.05,154.75,kapi1249,kpg,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpg,Kirinit -4438,Kumhali,,27.788,84.548,kumh1238,kra,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,kra,Kumhale; Kumbale; Kumkale; Kumali -4439,Kru'ng 2,,13.57,106.76,krun1240,krr,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krr,Krueng; Kru'ng; Krung; Krɯɱ -4440,Kravet,,14.0175,107.0136,kave1238,krv,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,krv,Kowet; Khvek; Kavet -4441,Sota Kanum,,-8.424,141.005,sota1242,krz,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,krz,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum; Sota -4444,Kanza,,36.7657,-96.8652,kans1243,ksk,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,ksk,Kansa; Kansas; Kaw; Konze; Kanze -4445,Kokatha,,-29.40268488,133.4980182,koka1244,ktd,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ktd,Aluna; Cocotah; Cookutta; Geebera; Gogada; Gugada; Kakarrura; Keibara; Kokatja; Kokitta; Kokit-ta; Koocatho; Koogatho; Koogurda; Kookata; Kookatha; Kotit-ta; Ku:gurda wongga; Kugurda; Ku-gurda; Kukata; Kukataja; Kukatha; Kukatja; Madun-tara; Madutara; Maduwonga; Madu-wonga; Maiuladjara; Maiulatara; Matuntara; Nganitjiddia; Nganitjidi; Nganitjini; Wanggamadu; Wongamardu; Yallingarra; Gogoda; Kokata -4446,Nubri,,28.6384,84.6079,nubr1241,kte,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kte,Kutang Bhotia; Larkye -4448,Plapo Krumen,,4.56109,-7.30644,plap1239,ktj,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ktj,Plapo; Krumen; Plapo -4449,Koroshi,,29.451883,53.007572,koro1296,ktl,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktl, -4450,Kaduo,,23.43,101.692,kadu1253,ktp,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ktp,Khàtù; Gazhuo; Kado; Kadu; 卡多話 -4451,Ketum,,-5.35,140.6,ketu1238,ktt,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktt, -4453,Kui (Indonesia),,-8.43333333333,124.55,kuii1253,kvd,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,kvd,Lerabain; Masin-Lak -4456,Kunggara,,-17.62553,141.1441,kung1262,kvs,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kvs,Koonkurri; Ungorri; Gunggara; Kunggera; Goom-Gharra -4461,Kwer,,-5.02,140.01,kwer1265,kwr,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kwr, -4462,Karo (Ethiopia),,5.2003,36.0681,karo1297,kxh,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxh,Kerre; Cherre; Kere; Hamar-Koke; Amar; etc. -4463,Keningau Murut,,5.366803,116.201303,keni1249,kxi,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxi,Central Murut -4464,Nepali Kurux,,27.9275,84.2866,nepa1253,kxl,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kxl,Kurukh; Oraon; Kurux; Kuṛux; Kurux; Nepali -4465,Smärky Kanum,,-8.535,140.868,smar1235,kxq,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kxq,Kanum; Kanum; Smärky -4468,Kuvi,,18.9478,83.5839,kuvi1243,kxv,Dravidian,at risk,ISO 639-3,kxv,Kuwi; Kuvinga; Kuvi Kond; Kond; Khondi; Khondh; Jatapu -4472,Kambaira,,-6.27,146.08,kamb1303,kyy,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kyy, -4475,Kaike,,28.9642,82.9819,kaik1246,kzq,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kzq,Tarali Kham -4476,Karang,,8.223723,14.935707,kara1478,kzr,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kzr,Kareng; Mbum; Mbum-East; Laka; Lakka; Eastern Mbum; Lakka Mbum; Mbum Bakal; Nzák Kàráng -4478,Lafofa,,10.25,31.25,lafo1243,laf,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,laf, -4479,Shen,,10.277677,4.468075,laru1238,lan,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lan,Laru; Larawa; Laranchi; Laro -4480,Tiwa,,25.7801,92.5927,tiwa1253,lax,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lax,Lalung; Dowyan -4482,Label,,-4.459022,152.682222,labe1239,lbb,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lbb, -4483,Tinani,,32.3333333333,77.1666666667,tina1246,lbf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbf,Gondhla; Gondla; Lahauli; Lahouli; Lahuli; Rangloi; Teenan; Tinan Lahuli -4484,Northern Lorung,,27.4266,87.2498,nort2727,lbr,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbr,Lohorong; Lohrung; Lohrung Khanawa; Lōhōrōng; Balai; Lorung; Northern -4485,Labu,,-6.75,146.916666667,labu1248,lbu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbu,Labu'; Labo; Hapa -4486,Lamalama,,-14.62330833,143.8556152,lamu1254,lby,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lby,Lamulamul; Lamu-Lamu; Mba Rumbathama; Bakanambia; Barum Bathama; Korko Lama Lama; Mba Rrumbathama; Mbarrumbathama; Lama-Lama -4488,Luri,,10.171127,9.726795,luri1256,ldd,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ldd,Lúr; Lur -4489,Lufu,,7.041226,9.768341,lufu1237,ldq,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ldq, -4490,Enlhet Norte,,-22.5,-59.0,nort2971,enl,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,enl,Lengua; Enxet; Vowak; Pwak; Lengua Norte -4494,Honduran Lenca,,13.6459,-87.0996,lenc1244,len,Lencan,dormant,ISO 639-3,len,Lenka; Lenca -4495,Lepcha,,27.1666666667,88.5,lepc1244,lep,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lep,Lapche; Lapcha; Rong; Rongke; Rongpa; Nünpa; Leptśa; Róng; Rongpa; Lepoha; Nümpa -4496,Lenkau,,-2.33,147.74,lenk1247,ler,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ler,Admiralitäts-inseln -4498,Laghuu,,23.6166,105.6833,lagh1245,lgh,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgh,Yi; Laopa; Xá Phó; Lolo; Laghuu -4500,Laha (Indonesia),,-3.71,128.07,laha1251,lhh,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lhh,Central Ambon -4503,Lhokpu,,26.9514,89.2968,lhok1238,lhp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lhp,Lhobikha; Taba-Damey-Bikha -4508,Logorik,,11.1433,29.8306,logo1261,liu,Daju,threatened,ISO 639-3,liu,Liguri -4509,Liabuku,,-5.32,122.7,liab1237,lix,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lix,Liabuka -4510,Kucong,,22.6166,102.75,kuco1235,lkc,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lkc,Cosung; Lahlu; Lahu; 苦聰話 -4511,Lakha,,27.5898,90.3735,lakh1240,lkh,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lkh,Tshangkha -4512,Lelak,,4.11426,114.029,lela1246,llk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,llk, -4515,Limilngan,,-12.47762877,131.8581747,nucl1327,lmc,Limilngan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lmc,Limil; Minitjja; Manadja; Minitji; Baneidja; Bani:dja; Banidja; Buneidja; Buneidya; Buneitja; Lemil; Manasi; Manidja; Manitja; Menassie; Minidja; Minitja; Minitjaa; Minityi; Minnitji; Punaka; Puneitja; Punuurlu -4516,Lumun,,10.8387,30.0338,lumu1239,lmd,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lmd,Lomon; Kuku-Lumun -4523,Logol,,10.8521,30.6463,logo1262,lof,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lof,Lukha -4524,Narim,,4.9048,34.2224,nari1240,loh,Surmic,threatened,ISO 639-3,loh,Larim; Larimo; Lariim; Nariim; Longarim; Lariminit -4528,Lepki,,-4.11,140.46,lepk1238,lpe,,endangered,ISO 639-3,lpe, -4530,Larrakiya,,-12.70664484,130.7862123,lara1258,lrg,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lrg,Laragiya; Larakia; Larakiya; Gulumirrgin; Larrakia; Larrakeah; Larrakeeyah; Larrakiha; Larragea; Larrekiya; Larreekeeyah; Larikia; Larrikia; Larrikiya; Larriquia; Larragia; Larekia; Ngandalagarak; Larrekiy; Larrakeeha; Larakeeyah; Larrak-eah; Binnimiginda; Gunmajerrumba; Marri; Larrakia; Laragia -4531,Lari,,27.6436,54.63449,lari1253,lrl,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lrl,Larestani; *Achomi; Fars -4533,Laro,,10.7685,29.902,laro1243,lro,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lro,Laru; Aaleira; Yillaro; Ngwullaro -4534,Southern Yamphu,,27.4266,87.2498,sout2734,lrr,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lrr,Lohorong; Lohrung; Lohrung Khap; Lohrung Khate; Yakkhaba Lorung; Lōhōrōng; Balai; Lorung; Southern -4535,Lasgerdi,,35.4,53.0,lasg1238,lsa,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsa, -4536,Larëvat,,-16.138655,167.358687,lare1249,lrv,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lrv,Larevat; Laravat; Mallicolo -4537,Lishana Deni,,31.7748,35.1013,lish1247,lsd,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsd,Judeo-Aramaic; Lishan Hudaye; Lishan Hozaye; Kurdit -4540,Luwati,,23.633219,58.491547,luwa1238,luv,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,luv,Lawatiyya; Lawatiya; Khojki -4541,Luo,,6.085,11.486,luoc1235,luw,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,luw, -4542,White Lachi,,22.818,104.571,whit1266,lwh,Tai-Kadai,dormant,ISO 639-3,lwh,Lachi; White; Lipupõ; 白拉基 -4543,Laomian,,19.75,100.0,laom1237,lwm,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lwm,Bisu; Guba; Lawmeh; 老緬語 -4545,Litzlitz,,-16.114,167.439,litz1237,lzl,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lzl,Naman; Litzlitz-Visele; Mallicolo -4565,Barain,,11.06677,17.933586,bare1279,bva,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bva; bare1279; saka1296,Barein; Baraïn; Guilia; Jalkia -4567,Mahwa,,11.740913,18.280973,mawa1270,mcw,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcw,Mawa; Mahoua; Mahoura -4569,Sengwer,,,,seng1286,,Nilotic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1iz,Cherengany; Mei -4570,Ts'ixa,,-19.088076,24.301758,tsix1234,,Khoe,endangered,LINGUIST List,1iy,Ts'exa -4571,Chenoua,,36.5703,2.2892,chen1266,cnu,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cnu,Shenowa; Sheliff Basin -4572,Uncunwee,,12.0,31.0,ghul1238,ghl,Nubian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ghl,Ghulfan; Gulfan; Wunci; Wuncimbe; Nubian (Hill) -4573,Zialo,,8.542064,-9.471687,zial1235,zil,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zil,Ziolo -4585,Sokoro,,11.423495,17.706802,soko1263,sok,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sok,Bedanga -4586,Tunia,,9.156672,18.380788,tuni1251,tug,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tug,Tounia; Tunya; Tun -4587,Zan Gula,,10.395975,19.136604,zang1249,zna,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,zna,Gula Guera; Goula; Moriil; Morre; mòrḭ̀ḭ̀l -4588,Niellim,,9.75,17.75,niel1243,nie,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nie,Lua; Nielim; Mjillem; Nyilem -4589,Amdang,,14.62478,20.944645,amda1238,amj,Furan,threatened,ISO 639-3,amj,Mimi; Mima; Mututu; Biltine; Andang; Andangti; Mime -4590,Ndam,,9.801091,17.412506,ndam1251,ndm,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ndm,Dam; Ndamm; Gulei -4592,Maore Comorian,,-12.0,44.0,maor1244,swb,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,swb,Comorian; Comores Swahili; Komoro; Comoro; Shimaore -4593,Barambu,,3.5,27.0,bara1361,brm,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brm,Barambo; Amiangba; Amiangbwa; Balambu; Abarambo; Duga -4595,Daho-Doo,,5.72458,-7.3558,daho1238,das,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,das, -4596,Bolondo,,2.46327,19.6181,bolo1263,bzm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzm, -4597,Bomboli,,1.984789,18.515156,bomb1261,bml,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bml,Bombongo -4598,Gbanziri,,4.68467,20.2609,gban1258,gbg,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gbg,Gbanzili-'Bolaka; Gbanzili; Banziri; Gbandere -4599,Monzombo,,3.0,18.4166666667,monz1249,moj,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,moj,Monjombo; Mondjembo; Munzombo; Mono-Jembo -4600,Yango,,2.81523,19.0108,yang1289,yng,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,yng,Gbendere -4601,Dzando,,2.24195,19.0022,dzan1238,dzn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dzn, -4603,Bilen,,15.75,38.5,bili1260,byn,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,byn,Bilin; Bogo; Bogos; Bilayn; Balen; Beleni; Belen; Bilein; Bileno; North Agaw; Blin -4604,Kanu,,-1.42327,28.072025,kanu1278,khx,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,khx,Likanu; Kaanu; Kano -4607,Sezo,,9.50764,34.6449,seze1235,sze,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sze,Seze -4608,Burji,,2.1857,37.9248,burj1242,bji,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bji,Bambala; Bembala; Daashi -461,Dong,,8.739864,11.845802,dong1293,doh,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,doh,Donga; Dɔ -4610,Ganza,,10.274808,35.136644,ganz1246,gza,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gza,Ganzo; Koma -4612,Ganjulé,,,,ganj1241,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,kcx-gan,Ganjule; Ganjawle -4613,Murle,,6.5,33.5,murl1244,mur,Surmic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mur,Murelei; Merule; Mourle; Murule; Beir; Ajibba; Agiba; Adkibba; Murele; Omo-Murle -4614,Pinji,,-1.895878,11.227831,pinj1243,pic,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pic,Gapinji; Apinji; Apindji; Apindje -4615,Seki,,0.994728,9.575589,seki1238,syi,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,syi,Sekyani; Sekiani; Sekiyani; Sekiana; Shekiyana; Sheke; Seke; Beseki; Bulu; Seseki -4616,Simba,,-1.292157,10.925697,simb1254,sbw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbw,Nsindak -4617,Chakali,,9.823968,-1.988876,chak1271,cli,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cli, -4618,Chala,,8.00089,0.50896,chal1269,cll,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cll,Tschala; Tsa; Cãla; Tshala; Cala -4619,Dwang,,7.70712,-0.43011,dwan1238,nnu,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nnu,Guang; Dwan; Nchumunu -4620,Hanga,,9.33929,-1.57833,hang1258,hag,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,hag,Anga -4621,Kantosi,,10.97,-1.93,kant1249,xkt,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,xkt,Kantonsi; Yare; Yarsi; Dagaare-Dioula; Dagaari Dioula; Yari; Dagaari-Jula; Dagaari-Yula -4622,Nchumbulu,,8.087103,-0.692242,nchu1238,nlu,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nlu,Guang -4625,Chiquihuitlán Mazatec,,17.75,-96.9166666667,chiq1250,maq,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,maq,Mazatec (Chiquihuitlán); Masateko; Mazateco; Mazatec; Chiquihuitlán; Mazateco de San Juan Chiquihuitlán -4626,Maring,,-5.5,144.666666667,mari1435,mbw,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mbw,Mareng; Yoadabe-Watoare -4627,Mari,,-9.0478,141.8994,mari1432,mbx,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbx, -4630,Lowland Mixe,,16.9166666667,-95.6666666667,,,Mixe-Zoquean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mco; mir; mzl; pxm,Isthmus Mixe; Eastern Mixe; Guichicovi Mixe; Mixe del Istmo -4633,Mawan,,-5.164199829,145.6166992,mawa1267,mcz,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mcz, -4636,Moksha,,54.0,44.0,moks1248,mdf,Uralic,at risk,ISO 639-3,mdf,Mokša; Mordvin; мокшанский язык; мокшень кяль; mokšəń käĺ; Mordwin; Mordva; Moksha-Mordva; Mordwinisch; Mokscha-Mordwinisch; Mordvinisch; Mokscha-Mundart; Mokshan; Mordoff; Mordov; Mordvin-Moksha; Mordvinian; Mokša-Mordvinisch; mokšen΄ kjal΄; mokšanskij jazyk; Morduini; Mordua -4642,Putai,,11.156214,12.759244,puta1243,mfl,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mfl,Marghi West; West Marg -4643,Mokerang,,-2.02,147.42,moke1240,mft,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mft,Mokareng; Mokoreng; Admiralitäts-inseln -4644,Mayo,,26.45,-108.98,mayo1264,mfy,Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfy,Cahita; Yaqui-Mayo; Kahita -4645,Morokodo,,6.0313,29.7949,moro1284,mgc,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mgc,Ma'di -4646,Maklew,,-7.7561,139.5049,makl1246,mgf,Bulaka River,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgf,Makleu -4647,Mawes,,-2.37,139.75,mawe1251,mgk,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgk, -4648,Mambae,,-9.2,125.47,mamb1306,mgm,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,mgm,Mambai; Manbae -4650,Manda (Tanzania),,-10.930405,34.738564,mand1423,mgs,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mgs,Kimanda; Kinyasa; Nyasa -4653,Manda (India),,20.1384,84.0289,mand1413,mha,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mha,Manḍa -4654,Mamaa,,-6.508642197,146.5274963,mama1277,mhf,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mhf,Mama -4655,Marrgu,,-11.147622,132.560164,marg1251,mhg,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mhg,Maraura; Maroura; Marowera; Jakajako; Yaakoyaako; Waimbo; Margu; Ajokoot; Jaako; Terutong; Terrutong; Raffles Bay; Croker Island; Yaako; Yako; Ma:go; Marg; Margo; Marlgu; Marrku -4657,Mogholi,,34.252261,62.272136,mogh1245,mhj,Mongolic,dormant,ISO 639-3,mhj,Moghol; Mogul; Mogol; Mongul; Mongolen -4658,Mócheno,,46.1194,11.3258,moch1255,mhn,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhn, -4659,Neo-Mandaic,,31.1913,48.4009,nucl1706,mid,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mid,Mandaic (Modern); Mandaean; Modern Mandaic; Manda:yi; Mandaic -4660,Mískito,,15.16,-84.29,misk1235,miq,Misumalpan,at risk,ISO 639-3,miq,Mosquito; Mísquito; Mískitu; Marquito; Miskito; Misquito; Mosco -4663,Akoye,,-7.814405,145.675964,akoy1238,miw,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,miw,Mahigi; Akoinkake; Lohiki; Obi; Mai-Hea-Ri; Maihiri; Angoya; Akoyi; Maiheari -4667,Sauria Paharia,,24.81,87.64,saur1249,mjt,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mjt,Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Sawriya Malto; Malatri; Râjmahal -4668,Majhi,,27.9208,83.5082,majh1253,mjz,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,mjz,Manjhi -4669,Mbre,,8.20929,-5.72944,mbre1244,mka,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,mka,Bre; Bere; Pre; Pre Pisia -4670,Mal Paharia,,24.09,87.35,malp1246,mkb,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mkb,Mal Pahoria; Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Malpaharia; Marpaharia; Mal Pahariya; Mal; Manlati; Mar; Maw; Mawdo; Mawer; Mawer Nondi; Mad; Mader; Dehri; Paharia; Parsi -4672,Mokilese,,6.66666666667,159.75,moki1238,mkj,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mkj,Mokil; Mwoakilese; Mwoakiloa -4673,Moklen,,9.722,98.415,mokl1243,mkm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkm,Chau Pok -4676,Tamambo,,-15.6666666667,167.166666667,malo1243,mla,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mla,Malo; Tamabo -4677,Mape,,-6.619209766,147.6359863,mape1249,mlh,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlh, -4679,Mlomp,,12.7421,-16.4904,mlom1238,mlo,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlo,Mlomp North; Gulompaay -4680,Motlav,,-13.6433,167.7159,motl1237,mlv,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mlv,Motalava; Mwotlap; Mwotlav; Banks-Inseln -4682,Momina,,-4.81,139.82,momi1242,mmb,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmb, -4686,Man Met,,22.07,100.84,manm1238,mml,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mml,Manmit; Manmi; Angku; Āng-kú; 克蔑語 -4687,Mkir,,-16.767142,168.163133,maii1238,mmm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmm,Maii; Mae-Morae; Mafilau -4689,Mono (Democratic Republic of the Congo),,4.562393,19.937169,mono1270,mnh,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mnh,Amono -4690,Munji,,35.931986,70.906608,munj1244,mnj,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,mnj,Munjani; Munjhan; Munjiwar -4692,Mono (United States),,37.0943,-119.4999,mono1275,mnr,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mnr,Monachi; Saidyuka; Mono (in United States); Monache -4693,Mer (Indonesia),,-3.38,134.73,merr1239,mnu,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mnu,Muri; Miere -4694,Mopán,,16.35,-89.07,mopa1243,mop,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mop,Mopan; Mopan Maya; Maya; Mopán; Mopane -4695,Moro,,11.0,30.1666666667,moro1285,mor,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mor,Dhimorong -4698,Munkip,,-6.45366,146.7479,mung1272,mpv,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mpv,Mungkip -4699,Mpi,,18.2554,100.2227,mpii1239,mpz,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpz,Mpi-Mi -4704,Marino,,-14.976036,168.121192,mari1426,mrb,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrb,Naone; North Maewo; Sunwadia; Suñwadia -4707,Mising,,28.5,94.8333333333,misi1242,mrg,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,mrg,Mishing; Takam; Plains Miri; Miri -4708,Mara Chin,,23.0,93.1666666667,mara1382,mrh,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mrh,Mara; Lakher; Maram; Zao; Mira; Chin (Mara); Tlongsai; Hawthai; Sabeu; Chin; Mara -4709,Mortlockese,,5.5811,153.5668,mort1237,mrl,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mrl,Mortlock; Nomoi -4710,Mru,,21.7748,92.2741,mruu1242,mro,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mro,Murung; Mro; Mrung; Maru; Niopreng; Mro-Mru; Mroo; မရူ -4711,Mores,,-15.520993,166.886799,moro1286,mrp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrp,Ko; Morouas; Moruas -4712,Tape,,-16.067407,167.27423,mara1399,mrs,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mrs,Maragus; Maragaus; Mallicolo -4714,Powle-Ma,,-3.42,140.56,molo1262,msl,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,msl,Molof; Ampas -4715,Mombum,,-8.25,138.75,nucl1452,mso,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mso,Komelom; Kemelom; Kemelomsch; Komolom -4717,Moresada,,-4.5017,144.9559,more1258,msx,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,msx,Murisapa; Murusapa-Sarewa; Murusapa -4719,Mono (Solomon Islands),,-7.05,155.75,mono1273,mte,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mte,Alu; Mono-Alu -4727,Yaaku,,0.4394,37.1777,yaak1241,muu,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,muu,Yakunte; Yiakunte; Yiaku; Mukogodo; Mogogodo; Mukoquodo; Siegu; Yaakua; Ndorobo -4730,Miyako,,24.930462,125.244197,miya1259,mvi,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mvi; miya1259,Ikimatsu; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 宮古語; 宮古方言; ミャークフツ -4731,Botovro,,-15.92772,167.279892,mpot1241,mvt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvt,Mpotovoro; Mallicolo -4732,Meoswar,,2.08,134.38,meos1237,mvx,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvx,War -4734,Miranda do Douro,,41.4958535,-6.2738577,mira1251,mwl,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mwl,Mirandês; Mirandesa; Mirandese -4736,Kalaw Kawaw Ya,,-10.156694,142.282428,kala1377,mwp,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mwp,Kala Yagaw Ya; Yagar Yagar; Mabuiag; Kala Lagau Langgus; Langus; West Torres -4741,Mao of Bambeshi,,9.7469,34.7662,bamb1262,myf,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,myf,Bambassi; Bambeshi; Siggoyo; Amam; Fadiro; Northern Mao; Didessa; Mao of Diddesa; Bambessi Mao; Didessa Mao -4742,Mangayat,,8.2495,25.7574,mang1387,myj,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,myj,Mangaya; Mongaiyat; Bug; Buga -4744,Patuá,,22.1632,113.5464,maca1262,mzs,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mzs,Macao Creole Portuguese; Macaense; Macanese; Maquista; Makista; 澳門土生葡語 -4745,Mintil,,4.59,101.99,mint1239,mzt,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mzt,Mitil -4746,Deg,,8.300933,-2.180198,degg1238,mzw,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mzw,Degha; Dɛ; Mo; Mmfo; Aculo; Janela; Buru; Buro -4748,Palyku,,-22.6744684,120.1169385,nija1242,nad,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nad,Nijadali; Bailko; Balgu; Balygu; Iabali; Jana; Janari; Jauna; Niabali; Njiabali; Njijabali; Njijapali; Nyiyabali; Nyiyaparli; Nyiypali; Paljgu; Bailko-Pandjima; Bailgu; Balgoo; Pulgoe; Boolgoo -4765,Naka'ela,,-2.847,128.5208,naka1263,nae,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nae, -4769,Nake,,-5.3691,145.7218,nake1240,nbk,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nbk,Ale -4772,Na,,28.4638,93.3041,naaa1245,nbt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nbt, -4773,Garlali,,-28.13620987,143.9394536,kala1380,gll,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gll,Kullila; Kalali; Galali; Gaḷali -4774,Ningera,,-2.73916,141.4355,ning1275,nby,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,nby,Nagira; Negira; Ninggera -4775,Central Nicobarese,,8.05,93.5,cent1990,ncb,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ncb,Muöt; Nicobarese; Nancowry; Zentraler Dialekt; Nicobarese; Central -4779,Sibe,,-6.388497,155.398378,sibe1248,nco,South Bougainville,threatened,ISO 639-3,nco,Nagovisi; Sibbe; Sibe-Nagovisi -4780,Daasanach,,4.66666666667,36.3333333333,daas1238,dsh,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dsh,Dhaasanac; Dasenech; Daasanech; Dathanaik; Dathanaic; Dathanik; Gheleba; Geleba; Geleb; Gelebinya; Gallab; Galuba; Gelab; Gelubba; Dama; Marille; Merile; Merille; Morille; Reshiat; Russia; Shangilla; Daasenech -4785,Kiwilwana,,0.706844,39.802647,ilwa1237,mlk,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlk,Ilwana; “Malakote” -4786,Sagalla,,-3.419608,38.554437,saga1262,tga,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,tga,Kisagala; Kisagalla; Sagala; Teri; Saghala -4787,Sanye,,-3.33333333333,39.8333333333,waat1238,ssn,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ssn,Oromo (Waata); Sanya; Wasanye; Ariangulu; Langulo; Waata; Waat -4789,Suba,,-0.9942,34.519,suba1238,sxb,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,sxb,Olusuba -4793,Gbii,,5.87021,-8.9346,gbii1242,ggb,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ggb,Gbi-Dowlu; Gbee -4805,Dewoin,,6.56113,-10.9076,dewo1238,dee,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dee,De; Dey; Dei; Dewoi -481,Pipil,,13.721709,-89.721314,pipi1250,ppl,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ppl,Nahuat; Nawat; Nahuate; Náwat; Náhuat -482,Ningye,,10.23435,7.866383,ning1271,nns,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nns, -4825,Pana (Burkina Faso),,13.233333,-3.4,pana1295,pnq,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnq,Sama -4826,Kalamsé,,13.6024,-3.109989,kala1383,knz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,knz,Kalemsé; Kalenga; Sàmòmá; Sàmó -483,Cara,,10.103839,12.652185,cara1270,cfd,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cfd,Chara; Fachara; Nfachara; Fakara; Pakara; Tera; Teriya; Terri; Tariya -4831,Tedaga,,16.0,15.0,teda1241,tuq,Saharan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tuq,Teda; Toda; Todaga; Todga; Tuda; Tudaga; Tubu; Tebu; Tebou; Tibbu; Toubou; Tū-bu; Tib-bo -4834,Tilung,,27.1501,86.5077,tilu1238,tij,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tij,Tiling; Tilling; Tilung Blama -4836,Tidikelt Tamazight,,26.8828,2.5488,tidi1241,tia,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tia,Tidikelt; Tamazight; Tidikelt Berber -4837,Tha,,9.176669,11.170143,thaa1239,thy,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,thy,Joole Manga; Kapawa; Joole Marga -4838,Thangmi,,27.52,86.07,than1259,thf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,thf,Thami; Dolakha; Thāmī -484,Bu,,9.010046,8.607016,,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,jid,Abu -485,Hasha,,12.09992,6.31666,hash1238,ybj,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ybj,Yashi -4851,Nagu,,-10.701147,165.897875,nang1262,ngr,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ngr,Engdewu; Nanggu -4852,Ngwaba,,9.9904,12.81,ngwa1251,ngw,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ngw,Gombi; Goba -4853,Nhuwala,,-22.10053672,114.9936417,nhuw1239,nhf,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nhf,Nuala; Ngoala; Noella; Noanamaronga; Nooanamaronga; Jawanmala; Nunkaberi; Noala -4854,Nahari,,20.41,81.98,naha1262,nhh,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nhh,Nahali -4857,Western Huasteca Nahuatl,,22.0,-99.0,west2624,nhw,Uto-Aztecan,at risk,ISO 639-3,nhw,Nahuatl; Western Huasteca; Western Nahuatl; Nahuatl (Huasteca); Nahuatl; Mexicano -4859,Ngandi,,-14.08540036,135.3815377,ngan1295,nid,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nid,N'gundi; Ngalbon; Ngalgbun; Nandi -486,Rukul,,,,ruku1239,,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,mae-ruk, -4861,Southeastern Kolami,,20.0,78.5,sout1549,nit,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nit,Kōlāmì; Kolami; Naiki; Naikī; Kolami; Southeastern -4862,Niue,,-19.05,-170.116666667,niue1239,niu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,niu,Niuean; Niuefekai -4864,Njalgulgule,,8.4452,25.3015,njal1239,njl,Daju,endangered,ISO 639-3,njl,Nyolge; Nyoolne; Ngulgule; Begi; Bege; Beko; Njangulgule; Nyalgulgule -4866,Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin,,2.95,-56.02,ndyu1241,njt,Pidgin or Creole,dormant,ISO 639-3,njt, -4867,Koireng,,24.2319,93.7463,koir1240,nkd,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nkd,Kwoireng; Koirng; Kolren; Koren; Quoireng; Liyang; Liyangmai; Liangmai; Liangmei; Lyengmai -487,Horom,,9.486,9.14,horo1245,hoe,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hoe,Kaleri -4870,Nokuku,,-14.85,166.581,noku1237,nkk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkk,Nogugu -4871,Namat,,-8.83885,141.6379,nama1267,nkm,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkm, -4873,Nukuoro,,3.83333333333,154.916666667,nuku1260,nkr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkr,Nukoro; Nuguor -4877,Ngarla,,-20.37356029,118.8259443,ngar1286,nlr,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nlr,Nga:la; Ngala; Ngerla; Ngurla; Ngirla; Gnalla; Ngalana; Kudjunguru; Wanbarda; Bedengo; Ngaea; Ngoorla; Palatoj; Pardoo; Pedong; Peedona; Peedong; Pidungu; Ngalawanga; Ngalawarngga; Inawonga; Ngalawonga -4878,Grangali,,34.577794,70.614244,gran1245,nli,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nli,Glangali; Nangalāmi; Nigalāmi; Nangalami; Gelangali; Jumiaki; Dardu -4879,Nihali,,20.5402,76.0913,niha1238,nll,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,nll,Nihal; Nahali; Kalto -488,Sur,,9.494627,9.448054,surr1238,tdl,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tdl,Tapshin; Tapshinawa; Suru; Myet; Nsur; Dishili -4880,Nimanburru,,-17.32739252,123.0695845,nima1245,nmp,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nmp,Nimanbur; Nimanboru; Nimanboro; Wadiabulu -4881,Nimbari,,9.116667,13.716667,nimb1256,nmr,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,nmr,Niamniam; Nyamnyam; Bari; Nimbari-Kebi; Nyam-Nyam du Mayo-Kebi -4883,Namonuito,,8.6299,150.0128,namo1247,nmt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmt,Namon Weite -4884,Maidu,,40.4134,-120.6738,nort2952,nmu,Maiduan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nmu,Northeastern Maidu; Mountain Maidu; Northeast Maidu -4885,Ngamini,,-27.07538021,139.0719368,ngam1265,nmv,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nmv,Yarluyandi; Yarluyandji; Karangura; A:mini; Agaminni; Ahminie; Ahminnie; Amini; Aumine; Auminie; Aurnini; Awmani; Gnameni; Ngaminni; Ngnaminni; Ominee; Uminnie; Ngameni; Ganmeni; Unminnie; Karanguru; Kurangooroo; Jeljendi; Jeljujendi; Yelyayendi; Yarleeyandee -4887,Yangkaal,,-16.906858,137.740956,nyan1300,nny,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nny,Jangga; Jang-Kala; Janjula; Leanawa; Leeanuwa; Njangga; Njanggala; Nyangga; Njangkala; Anyuwa; Aniula; Anjula; Anula; Anuwa; Anyoola; Anyula; Unalla; Yangala; Yangarella; Yanggal; Yanula; Yanular; Yanyuwa; Yuckamurri; Yuggamurra; Djirukurumbant; Iangkala; Janga; Jangaa; Southern Tangkic; Yangkaal-Kayardild; South Wellesley -489,Ayu,,9.293779,8.615738,ayuu1242,ayu,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ayu,Aya -4890,Nen,,-8.62,142.03,nenn1238,nqn,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,nqn, -4891,Farsaf,,-15.536871,167.024129,nara1263,nrg,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nrg,Narango; Nambel -4892,Ngomburr,,-12.98243877,132.2517098,ngur1260,nrx,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nrx,Ngormbur; Gnormbur; Gnumbu; Koarnbut; Ngumbur; Oormbur; Ngormbal; Ambugula; Ambuku:la; Corm-bur; Gnornbur; Nambuguja; Ngombur; Ngorbu; Ngorbur; Ngormbu; Ngorm-bur; Ngumbu; Ngurmbu; Ngurrumbudj; Numbu-gala; Oorm-bur; Ngurmbur -4894,Ngasa,,-2.932,37.4853,ngas1238,nsg,Nilotic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nsg,Shaka; Ongamo -4896,Maritime Sign Language,,45.04,-63.88,mari1381,nsr,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nsr,Nova Scotian Sign Language -4898,Nisenan,,39.0,-121.0,nise1244,nsz,Maiduan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nsz,South Maidu; Neeshenam; Pujuni; Nishinam; Southern Maidu; Wapumni -4899,Natanzi,,33.466425,51.951697,nata1252,ntz,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntz, -490,Sheni,,10.416667,8.75,shen1251,scv,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,scv,Shenanci; Seni; Shani; Shaini -4900,Ngala,,-4.22804,142.5105,ngal1300,nud,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,nud,Gala; Kara; Nggala; Sogap; Swagup -4901,Nungali,,-14.92708592,131.1442419,nung1291,nug,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nug,Ilngali; Jilngali -4902,Nusa Laut,,-6.7331,129.5288,nusa1245,nul,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nul,Nusalaut -4904,Anong,,27.2,98.6333,nung1282,nun,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nun,Anung; Anoong; Añú; Nu; Lu; Lutzu; Lutze; Kiutze; Khanung; Kwinp'ang; Khupang; Kwingsang; Fuch'ye; Anu; Nu-tzŭ; Kuhpang; 阿儂語; ရဝမ် -4906,Nawaru,,-9.43713,148.3008,nawa1258,nwr,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nwr,Sirio -4907,Ngawun,,-20.00086144,141.7753193,ngaw1240,nxn,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nxn,Ngaun; Ngaon; Nouun; Naungaun -4908,Nyeu,,14.88,104.33,nyeu1238,nyl,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nyl,Yeu; Yoe -4909,Nayini,,34.176006,53.750797,nayi1242,nyq,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nyq,Biyabanak -4910,Nyawaygi,,-18.82290222,146.1701373,nyaw1247,nyt,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyt,Yi; Nawagi; Nyawigi; Geugagi.; Lolo -4911,Nyulnyul,,-16.87658868,122.8231991,nyul1247,nyv,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyv,Nyul-Nyul; Niol-Niol; Nyolnyol; Njul-Njul; Nyul Nyul; Njolnjol; Nyul-nyul; Nyool Nyool -4912,Oblo,,9.466672,13.850012,oblo1238,obl,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,obl, -4913,Ocuiltec,,19.39,-99.92,atzi1235,ocu,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,ocu,Ocuilteco; Okwilteko; Atzinca; Pirinda; Matlatzinca (Atzingo); Tlahuica; Atzingo; Matlatzinca; Atzingo; Atzinteco; Tlahura -4914,Odut,,5.3077,8.2672,odut1238,oda,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oda, -4915,Eastern Ojibwe,,44.8381,-80.1983,east2542,ojg,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ojg,Eastern Ojibwa; Ojibwe; Ojibway; Ojibwa; Mississauga; Anishinaabemowin -4918,Walungge,,27.6831,87.8256,walu1241,ola,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ola,Olangchung Gola; Walungchung Gola; Walung; Walunggi Keccya; Halung -4919,Olekha,,27.1291,90.1109,olek1239,ole,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ole,Monpa; Ole Mönpa; 'Olekha; Black Mountain -4921,Omotik,,-1.115,35.9143,omot1239,omt,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,omt, -4925,Önge,,10.75,92.4166666667,onge1236,oon,South Andamanese,threatened,ISO 639-3,oon,Ong; Onge -4927,Ópata,,29.1666666667,-109.666666667,opat1246,opt,Uto-Aztecan,dormant,ISO 639-3,opt,Opata; Opatan; Teguima -4928,Orang Kanaq,,1.8858,103.9814,oran1258,orn,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,orn, -4929,Orang Seletar,,1.3387,103.464,oran1259,ors,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ors, -4930,Ormuri,,32.692403,69.286792,ormu1247,oru,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,oru,Ormari; Warmaro; Oormuri; Urmuri; Ormur; Ormui; Bargista; Baraks; Baraki; Burki -4931,Osage,,36.6683,-96.3316,osag1243,osa,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,osa,Wazhazhe ie -4934,Mezquital Otomí,,20.1666666667,-99.1666666667,mezq1235,ote,Otomanguean,at risk,ISO 639-3,ote,Othomí; Otomí (Mezquital); Otomi (Mezquital); Otomi; Mezquital; Hñahñu; Otomí del Valle del Mezquital; Otomi -4936,Tilapa Otomí,,19.44,-99.51,tila1239,otl,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,otl,Otomí; Othomí; Otomi; Tilapa; Otomi -4937,Otoro,,11.1666666667,30.5,otor1240,otr,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,otr,Utoro; Dhitoro; Litoro; Kawama; Kawarma -4938,Ottawa,,42.6068,-82.5195,otta1242,otw,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,otw,Odawa; Odaawaa; Eastern Ojibwa -4939,Ixtenco Otomí,,19.21,-98.03,ixte1237,otz,Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,otz,Yühmü; Ixtenco; Otomi; Ixtenco; Southeastern Otomí; Otomi; Otomí -4940,Ouma,,-10.233,149.1,ouma1237,oum,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oum, -4943,Parya,,38.5094,68.0932,pary1242,paq,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,paq,Asiatic Romany; Afghana-Yi Nasfurush; Afghana-Yi Siyarui; Laghmani; Pbharya -4944,Panamint,,36.4555,-116.8666,pana1305,par,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,par,Panamint Shoshone; Tümpisa Shoshone; Timbisha; Death Valley; Tümpisa; Koso; Coso; Koso Shoshone -4946,Pech,,15.0,-85.5,pech1241,pay,Chibchan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pay,Paya; Seco; Bayano; Taia; Towka -4948,Mak (Nigeria),,9.312003,11.19101,makn1235,pbl,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pbl,Panyam; Panya; Leemak; Lemak; Zo -4949,Badyara,,12.4043,-13.5736,bady1239,pbp,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbp,Badara; Badian; Badjara; Badyaranke; Pajade; Pajadinka; Gola; Bigola; Padjade; Bandjana -4950,Pyu,,-4.5,140.9,pyuu1245,pby,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,pby, -4952,Duruwa,,19.0534,82.4881,duru1236,pci,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pci,Parji; Parji (Dravidian); Dhurwa; Dhruva; Durva; Parjhi; Paraja; Parajhi; Thakara; Tagara; Tugara -4953,Gorum,,18.667,83.0346,pare1266,pcj,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pcj,Gorum; Pareng; Parengi; Gadaba; Parenga Parja; Parenji; Poroja; Gorum Sama; Parengi Poroja -4954,Anam,,-4.811839,145.008545,anam1247,pda,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,pda,Pondoma -4955,Pa Di,,26.31,103.49,padi1241,pdi,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,pdi,Padi -4960,Pááfang,,7.6198,155.1571,paaf1237,pfa,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pfa, -4961,Pangwali,,33.4589,76.9152,pang1282,pgg,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,pgg,Satlaj; Pahari; Pangi; Pangwali Pahari -4964,Phula,,22.7833,105.4666,phuk1235,phh,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,phh,Phù Lá; Phu Khla; Fu Khla; Phù Lá Hán; Phu La; Phu Kha -4965,Phalura,,35.494814,71.82305,phal1254,phl,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,phl,Palūla; Palola; Dangarīk; Palula; Phalulo; Dangarik; Biyori; Dardu -4966,Phana',,20.428956,100.484125,phan1254,phq,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,phq,Pana; Bana; Phana -4967,O'ob,,29.0,-111.0,pima1248,pia,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pia,Lower Piman; Mountain Pima; Névome; Pima Bajo -4968,Piame,,-4.9,142.85,piam1243,pin,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pin,Biami -4969,Pitta-Pitta,,-23.87032743,139.6751887,pitt1247,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,,pit; lnw; wky,Pita Pita; Pitha-Pitha; Bidhabidha; Bida-Bida; Bidabida; Bidha-Bidha; Bitta Bitta; BittaBitta; Bittha Bittha; Pitapita; Pita-Pita; Pitha Pitha; Pittapitta; Wangkahicho; Wangkahichs; Wangkapit:a; Pitta Pitta; Lanima; Lhanima; Ulaolinya; Yurlayurlanya; Wanggadjara; Wanggayudyuru; Wangkayutjuru; Wangkayutyuru; Wangka-Yutjuru -4971,Pankhu,,22.68,92.95,pank1249,pkh,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pkh,Pankho; Pankhua; Pang Khua; Pankua; Paang; Pang; Panko; Pangkhu; Pangkhua -4972,Pakanh,,-15.274264,142.706775,paka1251,pkn,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pkn,Bakanha; Bakanh; Ajabakan; Aiabakan; Bakanu; Baganu; Yir Mayan; Uw Ayan; Koko-Jan; YirrqMayvn; Uw-Ayan; Pakanha -4973,Pukapuka,,-10.871,-165.8441,puka1242,pkp,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pkp,Bukabukan; Pukapukan -4975,Polci,,10.133333,9.6,polc1243,plj,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,plj,Posə; Posa; Posi; Palci; Pəlci; Palchi; Polchi; Polshi; Posanchi -4976,Palenquero,,10.0952,-75.1142,pale1260,pln,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,pln,Lengua; Palenque -4977,Oluta Popoluca,,17.95,-95.0,olut1240,plo,Mixe-Zoquean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,plo,Popoluca de Oluta; Oluteco (Popoluca de Oluta); Oluta Popoluca; Popoluca; Oluta; Oluta; Olutec; Popoluca (Oluta); Oluta Mixean; Oluta Popoluca -4978,Northern Pame,,21.9955,-99.6458,nort2984,pmq,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pmq,Xi'iuy; Pame; Pamean; Pame; Northern; Pame del Norte -4979,Manat,,-4.94,144.88,payn1244,pmr,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pmr,Paynamar -4980,Plains Miwok,,38.0,-121.0,plai1259,pmw,Utian,dormant,ISO 639-3,pmw,Miwok (Plains); Miwok; Plains; Valley Miwok -4984,Pinikura,,-22.18535,116.185064,pini1244,pnv,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pnv,Binnigoora; Biniguru; Binnigora; Pinikurra; Binigura; Pinigura -4985,Pana (Central African Republic),,7.305375,15.741636,pana1293,pnz,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pnz,Pani -4986,Poqomam,,14.73,-89.74,poqo1253,poc,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,poc,Pokomam; Pocomam; Pocomám -4987,Southeastern Pomo,,39.0,-122.5,sout2982,pom,Pomoan,awakening,ISO 639-3,pom,Pomo; Southeastern; Lower Lake Pomo; Southeast Pomo; Pomo (Southeastern); Lower Lake; Southeast Clear Lake Pomo -5005,Tasawaq,,16.785806,6.930974,tasa1240,twq,Songhay,threatened,ISO 639-3,twq,Ingelshi; Tasawa -5007,Bali,,7.85938,10.970208,bali1245,bcn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcn,Bibaali; Maya; Abaali; Ibaali -5008,Bina,,10.2868,8.19726,bina1270,byj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,byj,Bogana; Binawa -5009,Daba,,10.1666666667,13.75,nucl1683,dbq,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbq,Dabba; Kola -5011,Doka,,11.992812,8.301949,doka1242,dbi,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbi, -5012,Dungu,,10.5043,8.19543,dung1254,dbv,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbv,Dungi; Dingi; Dwingi; Dunjawa -5013,Firan,,9.600025,8.666694,fira1238,fir,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,fir,Fəran; Frisian; Faran; Foron; Yes Firan; Kwakwi -5014,Hungworo,,10.187268,6.253431,hung1276,nat,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nat,Ngwoi; Nkwoi; Ngwe; Ingwo; Ingwe; Ungwe -5015,Idon,,10.2175,7.78151,idon1238,idc,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,idc,Idong -5016,Janji,,10.054727,8.799942,janj1240,jni,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,jni,Anafejanzi; Jenji; Tijanji; Ajanji -5017,Kaivi,,10.4328,8.10795,kaiv1238,kce,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kce,Kaibi -5018,Kariya,,10.908788,9.774494,kari1316,kil,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kil,Kariyu; Kauyawa; Lipkawa; Vinahe; Wihe -5019,Koenoem,,9.069551,9.412125,koen1239,kcs,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcs,Kanam; Korenoem -5020,Kono,,10.495914,8.354691,kono1264,klk,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,klk,Konu; Kwono; Kowono -5021,Kubi,,10.897368,10.38335,kubi1239,kof,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,kof,Deno; Denawa; Denwa; Be; Kuba; Kubawa -5022,Kugbo,,4.74615,6.651764,kugb1241,kes,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kes, -5023,Kupto,,10.7074,11.4953,kutt1236,kpa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpa,Kutto; Kúttò -5024,Kuturmi,,10.159505,7.969002,kutu1262,khj,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khj,Ada -5025,Mághdì,,9.2888,11.0232,magh1238,gmd,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gmd,Tala; Widala; Maghdi -5026,Mala,,10.579561,8.096494,mala1471,ruy,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruy,Rumaya; Rumaiya; Amala; Tumala -5027,Mbongno,,6.766898,11.060379,mbon1253,bgu,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgu,Bungnu; Bunu; Bungun; Gbunhu; Kakaba; Kamkam; Mbogno -5028,Mingang Doso,,9.25942,11.295,ming1254,mko,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mko,Munga Doso; Ngwai Mungàn; Doso; Munga -5029,Nggwahyi,,10.572872,12.956795,nggw1242,ngx,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ngx,Ngwaxi; Ngwohi -5030,Piti,,10.1361,8.47037,piti1243,pcn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pcn,Pitti; Abisi; Bisi -5031,Ruma,,10.563422,8.195389,ruma1250,ruz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruz,Ruruma; Rurama; Turama; Bagwama -5032,Sha,,9.23281,8.77569,shaa1247,scw,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,scw, -5033,Shiki,,10.5238,9.72769,shik1242,gua,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gua,Gubi; Guba; Gubawa; Mashiki -5034,Surubu,,10.232492,8.203251,suru1258,sde,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sde,Srubu; Fiti; Skrubu; Zurubu -5035,Tumi,,10.417554,8.680549,tumi1238,kku,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kku,Tutumi; Kitimi -5036,Wãpha,,9.13,9.923,waph1238,juw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,juw,Wase; Wase Tofa; Jukun Wase -504,Dyirbal,,-17.74,145.742,dyir1250,dbl,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dbl,Chirpa; Chirpalji; Choolngai; Djalnguy; Djirbal; Djirbaldji; Djiribal; Djirubal; Dyarbal; Dyirbaldyi; Dyirbalngan; Ngiloongo-I; Njirma; Tjirbal; Tyirbal; Jirrbal; Dyalnguy -5042,Kpan,,7.58333333333,10.1666666667,kpan1246,kpk,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kpk,Eregba; Yorda; Ibukwo; Kpwate; Hwaye; Hwaso; Nyatso; Kpanten; Ikpan; Abakan; Nyonyo -5046,Izora,,8.843688,10.361742,izor1238,cbo,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbo,Chokobo; Cokobo; Cikobu; Chikobo; Cokobanci; Azora; Zora -5047,Shanga,,11.213681,4.579061,shan1282,sho,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sho,Shangawa; Shonga; Shongawa -5048,Shirawa,,,,shir1268,,,,LINGUIST List,0ii,Shira -5049,Mwini,,0.934354,43.560612,mwin1241,,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,swh-mwi,Mwiini; Chimwiini; Af-Chimwiini; Barwaani; Bravanese; Chimiini -5051,Garre,,2.226453,44.650469,garr1259,gex,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gex,Af-Garre -5052,Mushungulu,,0.00689,42.6626,mush1238,xma,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xma,Kimushungulu; Mushunguli; Chizigula; Kizigua -5053,Tunni,,2.152814,43.016762,tunn1238,tqq,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tqq,Af-Tunni -5054,Aka,,11.0112,34.2333,akaa1242,soh,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,soh,Sillok; Jebels Sillok; Jebel Silak; Fa-C-Aka -5055,Baygo,,11.7436,24.6423,bayg1239,byg,Daju,dormant,ISO 639-3,byg,Baigo; Bego; Beko; Beigo; Béogé; Beygo -5056,Nyamusa-Molo,,5.572933,30.280277,nyam1279,nwm,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nwm, -5057,Suri,,6.4899,34.3212,suri1267,suq,Surmic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,suq,Surma; Shuri; Churi; Dhuri; Shuro; Eastern Suri; Tirmaga -5059,Gbaya,,8.5,24.5,gbay1288,krs,Kresh-Aja,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krs,Kresh; Kreish; Kreich; Kredj; Kparla; Kpala; Kpara -5060,Tennet,,4.8611,33.2226,tenn1246,tex,Surmic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tex,Tenet -5062,Bondei,,-5.10749,38.5079,bond1247,bou,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bou,Kibondei; Bonde -5063,Doe,,-6.25844,38.4902,doee1238,doe,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,doe,Dohe; Kidoe -5064,Burunge,,-4.7297,35.7769,buru1320,bds,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bds,Bulunge; Mbulugwe; Burungi; Mbulunge -5065,Holoholo,,-5.16666666667,29.9166666667,holo1240,hoo,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hoo,Kiholoholo; Horohoro; Guha; Kalanga; Kikalanga; Ikalanga; Lilima; Sekalaka; Chikalanga -5066,Ikizu,,-1.9915,34.3589,ikiz1238,ikz,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ikz,Ikikizo; Ikikizu; Kiikizu -5067,Ikoma,,-1.979205,34.58416,ikom1245,ntk,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ntk,Nata; Ikinata; Ekinata; Egiikɔma -5068,Isanzu,,-3.99991,34.846,isan1243,isn,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,isn,Kinyihanzu; Kinyisanzu -5069,Kabwa,,-1.7124,34.3923,kabw1241,cwa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cwa, -507,Eyak,,60.526294,-145.6351157,eyak1241,eya,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,eya,dAXunhyuuga' -5070,Makwe,,-10.614748,40.382975,makw1236,ymk,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymk,Kimakwe; Palma; Macue; Makwe; Maraba -5071,Segeju,,-4.8173,39.0783,sege1246,seg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,seg,Kisegeju; Sageju; Sengeju -5072,Pimbwe,,-6.539103,31.035948,pimb1238,piw,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,piw,Ichipimbwe; Cipimbwe; Kipimbwe -5073,Vinza,,-5.104751,30.380409,vinz1238,vin,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vin, -5076,Wanda,,-7.966843,31.614777,wand1264,wbh,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wbh,Iciwanda; Ichiwanda; Wandia; Vanda; Kiwanda -5077,Miyobe,,9.94366,1.33302,miyo1238,soy,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,soy,Soruba; Mi yɔbɛ; Bijobe; Biyobe; Sorouba; Solla; Uyobe; Meyobe; Kayobe; Kuyobe; Sola; Solamba; Kyobe -5078,Kpessi,,7.987795,1.191023,kpes1238,kef,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kef,Kpesi; Kpétsi -5079,Igo,,7.2,0.7,igoo1238,ahl,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ahl,Ahlõ; Ahlon; Achlo; Anlo; Ago; Ahonlan; Ahlon-Bogo -5080,Bago-Kusuntu,,8.52697,1.41214,bago1245,bqg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqg,Bago; Koussountou -5081,Soo,,2.161,34.5986,sooo1256,teu,Kuliak,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,teu,So; Tepeth; Tepes -5082,Yauma,,-17.596249,23.376451,yaum1238,yax,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yax, -5083,Dombe,,-18.37,26.502,domb1246,dov,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dov, -5087,Central Tagbanwa,,10.771254,119.377441,cent2090,tgt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgt, -509,Guana (Brazil),,-21.0685,-56.2765,guan1270,gqn,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gqn,Guaná; Etelena; Guaná; Chané; Kinikinao; Kinihinao; Kinikinau; Chuala; Chana; East Paraná; Equinao -5092,Teribe,,9.33333333333,-82.6666666667,teri1250,tfr,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tfr,Tiribí; Tirub; Terraba; Naso; Tirribi; Norteño; Quequexque; Tiribi -5093,Tefaro,,-2.35,136.75,tefa1238,tfo,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3,tfo,Demba -5094,Tulishi,,11.5984,29.0917,tuli1249,tey,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tey,Tulesh; Thulishi; Kuntulishi; Tuleshi -5095,Temein,,11.9166666667,29.4166666667,nucl1339,teq,Temein,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,teq,Temainian; Rone; Ronge -5098,Teressa,,7.915,93.3837,tere1272,tef,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tef,Taih-Long; Teressa-Bompoka; Təih-lɔng; Luro; Pauhut; Powahat -5099,Huehuetla Tepehua,,20.5,-98.0,hueh1236,tee,Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tee,Tepewa; Huehuetla; Tepehua de Hidalgo; Tepehua de Huehuetla; Tepehua; Tepewa -510,Chitimacha,,29.6666666667,-91.0,chit1248,ctm,Isolate,awakening,ISO 639-3,ctm, -5100,Temiar,,5.0,101.5,temi1246,tea,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tea,Temer; Northern Sakai; Seroq; Pie; Sakai; Nord Sakai -5101,Thulung,,27.4534,86.6423,thul1246,tdh,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tdh,Rai; Thulunge Rai; Thulu Luwa; Thululoa; Thulung La; Tholong Lo; Thulung Jemu; Toaku Lwa -5103,Toda,,11.3184,76.8273,toda1252,tcx,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tcx,Todi; Tuda -5107,Tchitchege,,-1.8508,13.612,tchi1245,tck,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tck, -5111,Tumtum,,10.477,30.4321,tumt1243,tbr,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tbr, -5114,Dharawal,,-25.68629188,145.6371438,thur1254,tbh,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tbh,Tharawal; Darawal; Carawal; Turawal; Thurrawal; Thurrawall; Turuwal; Turuwul; Turrubul; Tutuwull; Ta-ga-ry; Five Islands tribe; Dharawaal; Dharawa; Turuwull; Thurawal -5115,Tocho,,10.8764,30.1135,toch1257,taz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,taz,Toicho; Tacho -5125,Hlersu,,24.622,101.482,hler1235,hle,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hle,Shansu; Lesu; Sansu; 勒蘇; 山蘇; 散蘇; 勒寺帕 [ɬɛɾ55 sɿ55 pha21]; 勒寺潑 [ɬɛɾ55 sɿ55 pho21] -5128,Cinta Larga,,-11.4154,-59.7216,cint1239,cin,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,cin, -5129,Central Lalo,,25.227212,100.307175,xish1235,ywt,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ywt,Lalo; Lalopa; Laluo; Misapa; Xishanba Lalo; 中臘羅語 -5131,Lamu,,26.2434,100.8654,lamu1257,llh,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,llh, -5132,Naluo,,26.629637,101.265891,nalu1239,ylo,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ylo,Gan Yi; Laluo; Naruo; Shui Yi; Shuitian; 納羅; 巧武土語 -5134,Diahói,,-7.9939,-62.1936,diah1239,,Tupian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,pah-dia,Diahui; Jahoi; Jahui; Diarrui; Djiahúi -514,Seneca,,42.5,-77.5,sene1264,see,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,see,Tsonnontouan; Taroko -5145,Cahuarano,,-3.728803,-73.920783,cahu1268,cah,Zaparoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,cah, -5146,Shom Peng,,7.02,93.81,shom1245,sii,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sii,Shom Pen; Shompeng; Shompen; Shobang; Inland of Great Nicobar; Inlanddialekt; Shom-Pen; ʃom-pe -5147,Kimki,,-4.27,140.88,kimk1238,sbt,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbt,Aipki; Kimgi; Sukubatom; Sukubatong -5148,Namla,,-3.58,140.66,naml1240,naa,Namla-Tofanma,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,naa, -5149,Pei,,-4.51867,142.2774,peii1238,ppq,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppq,Pai -515,Seediq,,23.77,121.35,taro1264,trv,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,trv,Taroko; Sediq; Saediq; Seedik; Sejiq; Sedeq; Seedek; Seedeq; Shedekka; Sedek; Sediakk; Sedik; Sazek; Bu-Hwan; Che-Hwan; Daiya-Ataiyal; Hogo; Iboho; Paran; Taruku; Toroko; Truku; Toda; Taroko; 賽德克語; 太魯閣語; 都達方言; Tgdaya -5152,Isolado do Tanaru,,,,isol1239,,,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kq,Isolado do Buraco -5153,Northern Emberá,,6.83333333333,-77.1666666667,nort2972,emp,Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,emp,Emperã; Eberã Bed'ea; Eperã Pedea; Atrato; Darién; Dariena; Panama Embera; Eberã; Cholo; Choco; Emberá; Northern; Empera; Ebera Bedea; Darien; Eerã; Embera; Northern Ember; Andagueda; Northern Ępęra; Emperá; Emberá -5155,Tanimuca-Retuarã,,-0.5,-70.6666666667,tani1257,tnc,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tnc,Uairã; Tanimuca-Letuama; Retuama; Retuarã; Letuama; Letuhama; Ufaina; Tanimuca-Retuar -5159,Macaguaje,,0.491972,-76.244411,maca1261,mcl,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mcl, -5162,Mawayana,,1.5159,-58.4143,mapi1252,,Arawakan,critically endangered,,mzx; mpw,Mahuayana; Madipian; Maiopitian; Maopityan -5166,Enxet Sur,,-22.5,-59.0,sout2989,enx,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,enx,Lengua Sur; Lengua; Enlhit; Enhlit; Enlhit Nipiyam; Chánepyeyam -5168,Zauzou,,26.1554,99.2944,zauz1238,zal,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,zal,Rouruo; Raoruo; Jaojo; Independent Lolo; 柔若語 -5170,Harakmbut,,-13.366,-71.166,,,Harakmbut-Katukinan,endangered,,hug; amr,Harákmbut; Harakmbet; Hate; Ate; Tuyoneri; Harakmbut; Harakmbut; Amarakaeri; Amarakaéri; Amarakaire; Amaracaire; Mashco (Mashco is a derogatory term); Harakbut; Arazaeri; Arasairi; Huachipaeri; Huachipayri; Wacipairi; Kisamberi; Pukirieri; Puncuri; Toyoeri; Toioeri; Toyeri; Tuyune -5172,Talu,,26.5623,102.8506,talu1238,yta,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yta,Taliu; Tagu; Tazhi; 他留話 -5173,Samatu,,23.762,98.825,sama1296,,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hp,Samadu -5175,Tanglang,,26.0863,99.7119,tang1372,ytl,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ytl,Tholo; 堂郎語 -5177,Wiru,,-6.43333,144.1333,wiru1244,wiu,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wiu,Witu -5180,Tazhi,,27.045453,101.969517,tazh1234,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,1ho, -5181,Chepya,,21.3833,101.8166,chep1243,ycp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ycp, -5185,Muda,,21.8421,100.6851,muda1235,ymd,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ymd,Muta -5188,Phunoi,,21.6833,102.1,phun1245,pho,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pho,Phounoy; Phu Noi; Punoi; Khoany; Mung; Khaskhong; Hwethom; Sinsali -5190,Sangkong,,21.5158,100.6957,sang1320,sgk,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgk,Buxia; 桑孔話; 布下土語; 布夏語 -5191,Assangori,,13.75,21.5,assa1269,sjg,Taman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjg,Sungor; Soungor; Assoungor; Azanguri; Asong; Asungore; Bognak-Asungorung; Madungore; Assagori; Azangori; Asongori; Erenga; Shaale -5192,Sila,,22.3094,102.041,sila1247,slt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,slt,Sida; Asong; Kha Pai -5193,Kathu,,24.136,105.249,kath1251,ykt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ykt,Gasu -5194,Mo'ang,,23.8421,103.9116,maan1239,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,1hn,Maang; 麼昂語; 末昂話; 麼昂話 -5205,Gaa,,8.670419,12.033137,gaaa1245,ttb,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttb,Tiba; Gà -521,Bonjo,,1.7712,17.9598,bonj1234,bok,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bok, -5225,Ngarnka,,-16.9973,135.7788,ngar1283,nji,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nji,Kundanja; Anga; Angee; Gnanji; Godangee; Goodanji; Gudandji; Gudanji; Gundangee; Kakaringa; Koodangie; Koodanjee; Kooringee; Kotandji; Kudandji; Kudenji; Kurdanji; Kutandji; Kutanji; Kutanjtjii; Nandi; Ngandji; Ngangi; Nganji; Ngarnga; Ngarndji; Ngarnka -5226,Gurr-goni,,-12.30942987,134.3135284,gura1252,gge,Maningrida,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gge,Gurrgoni; Gurrogoni; Gungurugoni; Gungorogone; Gungoragone; Gungoro:lgo:ngi; Gungarawoni; Gungurulgungi; Gurugoni; Gungoragoni; Gungorragonni; Gurrogone; Gorogone; Gun-Guragone; Gunagoragone; Gutjertabia; Guragone -523,Awa Pit,,1.5,-78.25,awac1239,kwi,Barbacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kwi,Coaiquer; Cuaiquer; Quaiquer; Kwaiker; Awa; Awapit; (Awa-)Coaiquer; Awa-Quaiquer; Coaiker; Cuqiquer; Koaiker -5245,Yulparija,,-20.81469107,124.5495702,yulp1239,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kh,Yulparrija; Yilparitja; Yulbaridja; Yulbaridya; Nangatara; Nangadjara; Njangadjara; Julbaritja; Julbaritja (of Man-gala); Yulbari-dja; Julbaridja; Ilbaridja; Nanidjara; Nangi; Mangai; Mangi; Julbre; YulapaRitʸa; Yulparitja -5246,Ngardi,,-20.85043936,128.8885148,ngar1288,rxd,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rxd,Ngarti; Ngadi; Ngari; Ngardilj; Panara; Bunara; Boonara; Waiangara; Kolo; Waiangari; Wain-gara; Waiangadi; Waringari; Warangari; Kukuruba; Woneiga; Wanayaga; Puruwantung; Buruwatung; Manggai; Munga; Walmala; Wommana -5247,Dimé,,5.9548,36.2988,dime1235,dim,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dim,Dime; Dima; Dimme -5248,Eastern and Central Arrernte,,-23.24779965,135.559361,east2379,aer,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aer,Arrernte; Arrernte (Mparntwe); Arrernte (Eastern); Eastern Aranda; Arunta; Lower Aranda; Waitjinga; Wonggaranda; Wongkatjeri; Wychinga; Pitjapitja; Pitjima; Alitera; Aldolanga; Aldolinga; Aranda; A'randa; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunta Ulpma; Burrin-gah; Herrinda; Ilpma; Jairunda; Oiljpma; Paroola; Ulpma; Urrundie; Ur-rundie; Arrernte; Eastern -5249,Alyawarr,,-22.29152242,135.9637093,alya1239,aly,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aly,Alyawarra; Alyawarre; Aljawara; Iliaura; Yowera; Illiaura; Iljaura; Ilyuarra; Illyowra; Aliawara; Aliwara; Alja:wara; Yalyuwara; Alyawara; Jaljuwara; Ilawara; Ilja:wara; Iljauara; Iljawara; Illaura; Illura; Iloura; Ilyauarra; Ilyaurra; Ilyawara; Ilyowra; Ilywara -525,Dibole,,1.08333333333,17.25,dibo1245,bvx,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvx,Babole; Southern Bomitaba -5252,Barababaraba,,,,bara1404,rbp,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rbp,Baraparapa; Burraburburaba; Barrababarraba; Boorabirraba; Burappa; Burabura; Booraboora; Burapper; Karraba; Boort; Baraba Baraba; Baraba-Baraba; Baraba-baraba; Barappur; Bareber Bareber; Barraba-barraba; Beraba-Beraba; Birraba-birraba; Boora-boora; Burrabura-ba; Burrappa; Burrapper; Bureba; Burreba-burreba; Perapa-Perapa -5257,Yugambal,,-29.49940566,151.6720892,yuga1244,yub,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yub,Jugumbir; Jukamba; Jukambal; Jukambil; Manaldjali; Minjanbal; Ngarabal; Ngarrabul; Ngarrbal; Ngarrubul; Pregalgh; Ucumble; Ukumbil; Yacambal; Yoocomble; Yoocumbill; Yookambul; Yookumbil; Yookumbill; Yookumble; Yookumbul; Yugabeh; Yugambeh; Yugumbal; Yugumbil; Yukambal; Yukambil; Yukumba; Yukumbil; Yukumbul; Yurimbil; Minjangbal; Minyung; Minyowa; Boggangar; Kwaimbal -5259,Waanyi,,-18.0640749,137.2943933,wany1247,wny,Garrwan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wny,Wanji; Wainyi; Wanyu; Wanyee; Wanee; Waangyee; Wonyee; Wanyi -527,Kande,,-0.1318,11.8103,kand1300,kbs,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kbs,Kanda; Okande; Okandé -528,Mahongwe,,1.0216,13.9031,maho1248,mhb,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,mhb, -5285,Texistepec,,17.89,-94.81,texi1237,poq,Mixe-Zoquean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,poq,Popoluca de Texistepec; Texistepec Zoque; Popoluca; Texistepec; Texistepequeño -5286,Sayula Popoluca,,17.8333333333,-95.0,sayu1241,pos,Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pos,Popoluca de Sayula; Sayulateco; Popoluca; Sayula; Sayula; Sayultec; Popoluca (Sayula); Sayula Mixean -5287,Popoloca,,19.028,-98.23,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbf; pbe; pow; poe; pps; pls; pca, -5288,Prai,,19.0049,101.184,phai1238,prt,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,prt,Lua'; East Pua Pray; Pray 2; Pray -5289,Parachi,,36.059939,70.905775,para1299,prc,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,prc, -529,Sake,,-0.0247,11.7691,sake1247,sak,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sak,Asake; Shake -5290,Prasuni,,35.205675,70.912389,pras1239,prn,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,prn,Wasi-Wari; Prasun; Veruni; Parun; Paruni; Wasi-Veri; Veron; Verou; Wasi-weri; Pārūnī; Vâsi-vari; Vasi vari; Vasi-vari -5293,Plains Indian Sign Language,,40.0,-100.0,plai1235,psd,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,psd,Plains Sign Language -5295,Piamatsina,,-15.031,166.792,piam1242,ptr,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ptr, -5298,Punan Merap,,3.108214,116.271036,puna1274,puc,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,puc, -530,Sighu,,-0.0549,13.5461,sigh1238,sxe,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,sxe,Lesighu; Mississiou -5300,Punan Merah,,0.510856,115.588564,puna1268,puf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,puf, -5301,Puluwatese,,7.33333333333,149.333333333,pulu1242,puw,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,puw,Puluwat -5303,Fyem,,9.588066,9.225188,fyam1238,pym,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,pym,Fyam; Pyem; Paiem; Gyem; Fem; Pem; Genawa; Gyema -5305,Quapaw,,36.9494,-94.7877,quap1242,qua,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,qua,Arkansas; Arkans; Alkansea; Capa; Ogaxpa; Kwapa; Kwapaw -5307,Lambayeque Quechua,,-7.1772,-78.673,lamb1276,quf,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quf,Ferreñafe Quechua; Cañaris-Incahuasi; Cañaris Quechua -5309,Quileute,,47.9166666667,-124.25,quil1240,qui,Chimakuan,dormant,ISO 639-3,qui,Quillayute; Quile-ute -531,Vumbu,,-1.8783,10.816,vumb1238,vum,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,vum,Yivoumbou -5310,Sipakapa,,15.2121,-91.6335,sipa1247,qum,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qum,Sipacapa; Sipacapense; Sipakapense; Sipacapeño; Sipacapa Quiché -5311,Sakapulteko,,14.9752,-91.0527,saca1238,quv,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quv,Sacapulteco; Sacapultec; Sakapulteco; Sakapultec; Sacapulas K'iche' -5312,Yauyos Quechua,,-12.983333,-75.116667,yauy1235,qux,Quechuan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,qux,Quechua; Yauyos; Yauyos Kechua -5315,Yaru Quechua,,-11.4166666667,-75.75,nort2980,qvn,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvn,Northern-Junín-Pasco Quechua -5316,Pacaraos Quechua,,-11.2538,-76.8054,paca1245,qvp,Quechuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,qvp,Quechua Pacaraos -5317,Jauja-Huanca Quechua,,-12.136,-75.2453,huay1241,qvw,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,qvw,Huaylla Wanca Quechua; Southern Huancayo Quechua; Huanca Huaylla Quechua; Huaylla Wanca Quechua; Yaqa; Huaylla; Nyuqa -5318,Queyu,,30.8519,99.6659,quey1238,qvy,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qvy,Choyo; Zhaba; 卻隅話; 却域語 -532,Twendi,,6.120244,11.488438,twen1242,twn,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,twn,Cambap; Tiwa (Northern) -5323,Dungmali,,27.1874,87.1902,dung1252,raa,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,raa,Dungmali Pûk; Dungmali-Bantawa; Arthare; Arthare-Khesang; Dūngmālī -5324,Rasawa,,-2.38,136.35,rasa1243,rac,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,rac, -5325,Western Mewahang,,27.5441,87.1401,west2422,raf,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,raf,Rai; Newang; Newahang; Newange Rai; Newahang Jimi; Mewahang; Jindā; Meohang; Western -5326,Rao,,-4.75,144.5,raoo1244,rao,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,rao,Annaberg; Rao Breri -5327,Saam,,27.3595,86.9979,saam1282,raq,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,raq,Rai; Saam Rai; Samakha; Saama Kha; Jindā -5328,Razajerdi,,36.266931,50.0039,raza1238,rat,,,ISO 639-3,rat, -5329,Raute,,28.9744,80.7969,raut1239,rau,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rau,Rautye; Harka Gurung; Khamchi; Boto Boli; Bot̪o Boli; Khāmci -533,Njerep,,6.82183,11.521,njer1242,njr,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,njr,Njerup -5330,Rapa,,-27.608,-144.3407,rapa1245,ray,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ray,Rapan -5332,Rudbari,,37.09,49.88,rudb1238,rdb,,,ISO 639-3,rdb, -5334,Toksiki,,-15.26943,166.973317,rori1237,rga,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rga,Soisoru; Roria; Mores -5335,Riang (India),,23.68,92.03,rian1262,ria,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ria,Reang; Kau Bru; Tipra -5336,Riang (Myanmar),,21.9048,98.2342,rian1261,ril,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ril,Black Karen; Yanglam; Black Yang; Riang-Lang; Liang; Yang Sek; Yin; Yang; Liang Sek; Yang Wan Kun; Riang-Sek; Black Riang; Striped Karen; Yinnet; Ranei; Karennet -5337,Kraol,,13.588,106.9438,krao1238,rka,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rka,Southern-Central Mnong; Chrau; Crau; Trao -5338,Rakahanga-Manihiki,,-10.4,-161.0,raka1237,rkh,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,rkh,Manihiki-Rakahanga -5339,Rama,,11.75,-83.75,rama1270,rma,Chibchan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rma,Melchora; Voto; Boto; Arama; Arrama -534,Nyanjang,,6.634598,11.67572,nyan1311,,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,knp-nyj,Njang; Njanga -5341,Baltic Romani,,60.0,38.0,balt1257,rml,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rml,Romani; Baltic; Romany; Zigeuner; European Romany -5342,Balkan Romani,,42.6666666667,21.1666666667,balk1252,rmn,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmn,Balkan Romani; Romany; Gypsy; Cigány; Zigeuner; European Romany; Romani; Balkan -5343,Sinte Romani,,47.5,16.5,sint1235,rmo,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmo,Romani; Sinte; Romany; Manuche; Manouche; Ziguener; Sintí; Tsigane; Rommanes; Sinte; Sinti; Zigeuner; European Romany -5345,Romam,,14.34,107.45,roma1331,rmx,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,rmx,Lamam -5346,Vlax Romani,,47.0,21.5,vlax1238,rmy,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmy,Romani; Vlax; Romany; Romenes; Rom; Gypsy; Tsigene; Romanese; Vlax Romany; Danubian; Zigeuner; European Romany; Rroma -5349,Rennell Island Sign Language,,-11.62,160.22,renn1236,rsi,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rsi,Rennellese Sign Language -535,Bung,,6.5718,11.8267,bung1259,bqd,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,bqd, -5350,Ruga,,25.2844,90.4614,ruga1238,ruh,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ruh, -5353,Yaeyama,,24.342,124.1537,yaey1239,rys,Japonic,endangered,ISO 639-3,rys,Yayeyama; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 八重山語; 八重山方言 -5354,Okinawan,,26.1485,127.782,cent2126,ryu,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ryu,Uchinaaguchi; うちなーぐち; Uchināguchi; Luchu; Ryukyuan; Central Ryukyuan; Okinawa; Central Group; Okinawan; Central; Central Okinawan; 沖縄語; 沖縄方言; シマクトゥバ; Okinawan -5357,Seti,,-3.44052,141.8483,seti1248,sbi,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,sbi,Aunalei -5358,Sabüm,,5.35,101.06,sabu1253,sbo,Austro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,sbo, -536,Somyev,,6.9318,11.5136,somy1238,kgt,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kgt,Somyewe; Somyɛwɛ; Kila; Kilayen; Kila Yang; Somyiwe; Sombe; Sombə; Fur -5360,San Miguel Creole French,,8.32601,-81.2564,sanm1305,scf,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,scf, -5361,Sassarese Sardinian,,40.6139,8.6132,sass1235,sdc,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,sdc,Sardinian; Sardinian; Sassarese; Northwestern Sardinian; Sassarese -5362,Savi,,35.306772,71.557447,savi1242,sdg,,,ISO 639-3,sdg,Sawi; Sauji; Sau; Dardu -5363,Gallurese Sardinian,,40.8802,9.4482,gall1276,sdn,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,sdn,Sardinian; Sardinian; Gallurese; Northeastern Sardinian; Gallurese -5365,Shatt,,10.8333333333,30.0,shat1244,shj,Daju,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shj,Caning -5367,Jibbali,,17.29,54.0,sheh1240,shv,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,shv,Jibbālī; Shehri; Śḥeri; Šhaḥri; Śḥərɛ̄t; Geblet; Gəblɛ̄t; Sheret; Sehri; Shahari; Jibali; Ehkili; Qarawi -5368,Shwai,,11.3184,30.4156,shwa1239,shw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,shw,Shirumba; Shuway; Ludumor; Cwaya -537,Akum,,6.73,9.9316,akum1238,aku,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,aku,Anyar; Okum -5370,Sîshëë,,-21.7193,165.6738,zire1240,sih,Austronesian,awakening,ISO 639-3,sih,Zire; Zira; Sirhe; Siche; Nerë; Neukaledonien; Yirhe; Yirhee; Ziche -5374,Siri,,11.051734,9.446663,siri1278,sir,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,sir,Sirawa -5376,Sivandi,,30.077956,52.921047,siva1239,siy,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,siy, -5377,Epena,,3.0,-77.0,epen1239,sja,Chocoan,vulnerable,,sja,Epena; Emberá-Saija; Saija; Epená Saija; Epéna Pedée; Southern Embera; Southern Empera; Cholo; Epena Pedee; Ember-Saija; Southern Ępęra; Emperá; Saixa; Saixa-Baudo -538,Bakole,,4.5764,8.8439,bako1250,kme,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kme,Bakolle; Kole; Bamusso -5386,Lower Silesian,,50.7,15.97,lowe1388,sli,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sli,Silesian; Lower Schlesisch; Silesian; Lower -539,Baldemu,,10.5742,14.5623,bald1241,bdn,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bdn,Mbazla; Baldamu; Baldare; Balda -5392,Samei,,25.0756,103.0133,same1240,smh,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,smh, -5394,Somray,,13.685,101.5931,somr1240,smu,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,smu,Samray; Samrai; Samre; Western Pear -5395,Semnani,,34.8679,53.4924,semn1249,smy,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,smy,Simnani -5396,Lushootseed,,47.93,-122.14,,,Salishan,critically endangered,,lut; sno; ska,Snohomish; Skagit; Swinomish; Skaǰət -540,Bati (Cameroon),,4.2012,10.7858,bati1251,btc,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,btc,Bati Ba Ngong; Bati de Brousse -5401,Sonha,,28.77895,81.217711,sonh1238,soi,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,soi,Sonaha; Sonahaa; Sunah; Sunha -5402,Soi,,31.828719,54.623117,soii1239,soj,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,soj,Soh; Sohi; So'i -5403,Sonsorol,,5.33333333333,132.25,sons1242,sov,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sov,Sonsorolese; Sonsorol-Tobi -5404,Sepa (Indonesia),,-3.322117,129.130469,sepa1242,spb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,spb, -5408,Saparua,,-3.5757,128.6464,sapa1251,spr,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,spr, -5409,Shau,,10.302759,9.172005,shau1238,sqh,,,ISO 639-3,sqh,Sho; Lìsháù -541,Beezen,,6.7518,10.0744,beez1238,bnz,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnz,Bezen -5410,Soqoṭri,,12.49,53.92,soqo1240,sqt,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,sqt,Soqoṭrī; Soqotri; Saqatri; Sokotri; Suqutri; Socotri -5411,Saruga,,-5.0715,145.5685,saru1243,sra,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sra, -5412,Sara,,1.2,109.62,sara1329,sre,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,sre,Riok; Sara Bakati’ -5413,Sarikoli,,37.9463,75.1272,sari1246,srh,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,srh,Sarykoly; Salikur; Tajik; Tadzik; Tajiki; 薩里庫爾語; 色勒庫爾語; (中國)塔吉克語 -5415,Sirmauri,,30.9823,77.1569,sirm1239,srx,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,srx,Sirmouri; Sirmuri -5419,Settla,,-15.2,28.3,sett1235,sta,,,ISO 639-3,sta,Kisettla; Kisetla -542,Bikya,,6.8309,10.0277,biky1238,byb,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,byb,Furu -5420,Sentinel,,11.5446,92.2576,sent1241,std,,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,std,Sentinelese -5421,Seta,,-3.41926,141.7941,seta1245,stf,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,stf,Aunalei -5422,Bulo Stieng,,11.8333333333,106.75,bulo1242,sti,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sti,Stieng; Xtieng; Xa-Dieng; Budíp; Rangah; Upper Stieng; Northern Stieng; Kajiang; Kediang; Rmang; Stieng; Bulo -5424,Setaman,,-5.31,141.83,seta1246,stm,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,stm,Setamin -5425,Shumashti,,34.477075,70.574617,shum1235,sts,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sts,Šumāštī; Shumasht; Dardu -5426,Satawalese,,7.3406,147.041,sata1237,stw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,stw, -5427,Suena,,-7.75,147.55,suen1241,sue,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,sue,Yema; Yarawe; Yarawi; Yema-Yarawa -5429,Puroik,,27.361,93.04,sulu1241,suv,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,suv,Sulung; 蘇龍語 -543,Bishuo,,6.9032,10.0991,bish1246,bwh,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bwh,Biyam; Furu -5431,Shixing,,28.275358,100.666351,shix1238,sxg,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sxg,Xumi; 史興話; 旭米語 -5432,Senaya,,36.2664,50.0042,sena1268,syn,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,syn,Sena:ya; Christian Neo-Aramaic; Shan Sray; Lshan Sray; Soray; Sray; Shan Gyanan -5433,Syuba,,27.349813,86.071987,kaga1252,,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,Glottolog,kaga1252,Shuba; Shyuba; Kagate Bhote; Kāgatē -544,Bubia,,4.0204,9.2037,bubi1249,bbx,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bbx,Bobe; Bobea; Wovea; Bota; Ewota -5445,Bininj Gun-wok,,-12.26525431,133.6466651,gunw1252,gup,Gunwinyguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gup,Proto Bininj Gun-wok; Mayali; Kunwinjku; Kuninjku; Gunawitji; Gundeidjeme; Gundeijeme; Gundja-jeimi; Gunwingo; Gunwingu; Gunwinygu; Koorungo; Kulunglutchi; Kulunglutji; Kundangyohmi; Maielli; Majali; Mangaridji; Mangeri; Margulitban; Neinggu; Unigangk; Urnigangg; Wengei; Wengej; Wengi; Witji; Gunwinjgu; Bininj Gun-Wok; Gunwiggu; Gunwinggu -5447,Yiiji,,,,yiij1234,,Worrorran,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,081,Jeidji; Yeidji; Northern Language; Forrest River; 'Jeidji; Jeithi; Yeeji; 'Ye'dji; Bugay -5448,Andajin,,-17.37660823,126.2592854,anda1282,,Worrorran,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ajn,Andidja -5449,Ngaatjatjara,,-24.951158,125.958117,ngaa1240,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,08q,Jabungadja; Ku:rara; Nadadjara; Nga:da; Nga:dapitjardi; Ngad-adara; Ngadatara; Ngadatjara; Ngadawongga; Ngadjatara; Nganadjara; Ngatatara; Ngatatjara; Rumudjara; Teitudjara; Wan:udjara; Warara; Wirtjandja; Witjandja; Ngaatjatjarra -545,Busuu,,6.8282,10.1087,busu1244,bju,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bju,Awa; Furu -5451,Putijarra,,-24.16283449,121.2749997,pudi1238,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1j9,Budidjara; Putujara; Pawututjara; Puditara -5452,Worla,,-17.12222176,126.7823205,wurl1240,,Worrorran,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ke,Ola; Walajangarri; Wula; Waladjangari; Waladjaŋari; Worlaja; Walar; Wuladja; Wuladjangari; Wulu; Woorlaja; Woorla; Wurla -546,Eman,,6.0531,9.7338,eman1238,emn,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,emn,Emane -5465,Kabulowan,,15.18,121.05,sout2905,agy,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,agy; sout2905,Southern Alta; Kabuluen; Kabuluwan; Kabuluwen; Baluga; Kabalat; Pugot -5467,Tuwuli,,7.0572,0.3845,tuwu1238,bov,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bov,Bowili; Bowiri; Liwuli; Siwuri; Bawuli; Tuwili -547,Fungom,,,,fung1247,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,bfm-fun,Northern Fungom; We -548,Hijuk,,4.2861,10.4919,hiju1238,hij,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,hij, -549,Isubu,,4.0094,9.5745,isuf1235,szv,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,szv,Su; Isu; Isuwu; Suwu; Subu; Bimbia -550,Iyive,,6.4354,9.5278,iyiv1238,uiv,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,uiv,Uive; Yiive; Ndir; Asumbo -5509,Gao,,-8.3514,159.8167,gaoo1237,gga,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gga,Nggao -551,Kendem,,5.7061,9.6377,kend1252,kvm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kvm,Bokwa-Kendem -5510,Fagani,,-10.4337,161.5979,faga1239,faf,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,faf,Faghani; Südliche Salomons-Inseln -5511,Emae,,-17.060795,168.378739,emae1237,mmw,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmw,Makatea; Emwae; Mae; Mwae; Emai; Mai -5513,Baki,,-16.689546,168.126054,baki1244,bki,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bki,Burumba; Paki -552,Langa,,,,lang1321,,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,mcu-lan, -5525,Wamey,,12.5,-13.25,wame1240,cou,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cou,Wamay; Wamei; Konyagi; Coniagui; Conhague; Koniagui; Cogniagui; Koniagi; Tenda -553,Mono (Cameroon),,8.758477,14.178105,mono1269,mru,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mru,Mon-Non -554,Ndai,,8.399,14.1641,ndai1238,gke,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gke,Galke; Pormi -5546,Ngaliwurru,,-15.789444,130.875896,ngal1294,,Mirndi,endangered,LINGUIST List,djd-nga,Baj Subgroup; Ngaliwerra; Ngaliwuru -5548,Djinang,,-12.47559654,135.0142775,djin1253,dji,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dji,Jandjinung; Yandijinang; Yandjinung; Jandijinung; Balmawi; Balmbi; Barlmawi; Djinaŋ; Djinhang; Djinnang; Dyinang; Jandji:nangc; Jandjinang; Jand-jinung; Jinang; Manarrngu; Manjarngi; Manyarrngi; Milingimbi; Millingimbi; Mun-narngo; Ullaki; Wulagi; Wulaki; Wullakki; Yandjinang; Yändjinaŋ; Yandjinning -5549,Liyagawumirr,,,,liya1242,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,duj-liy, -555,Ngong,,9.0044,13.5104,ngon1275,nnx,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nnx,Gong; Puuri; Nagumi -5554,Binbinka,,-16.552078,134.786606,binb1242,,Mirndi,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,wmb-bin,Binbinga -5555,Ladji Ladji,,,,ladj1234,llj,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,llj,Latjilatji; Laitchi-Laitchi; Litchy-Litchy; Leitch-Leitchi; Latjoo-Latjoo; Lutchye-Lutchye; Latyoo-Latyoo; Litchoo-Litchoo; Laci-Laci; Laitu-Laitu; Laitu; Acaxee; Latje Latje; Latjilatji; Laitchi-Laitchi; Litchy-Litchy; Leitch-Leitchi; Latjoo-Latjoo; Lutchye-Lutchye; Latyoo-Latyoo; Litchoo-Litchoo; Laci-Laci; Laitu-Laitu; Laitu; Acaxee -5556,Djabwurrung,,,,djab1234,tjw,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tjw,Tjapwurong; Tyapwurru; Chaapwurru; Pirtkopannoot; Purteetchally; Punoinjon; Kolor; Dja Dja Wurrung; Dja Dja Wrung; Le Wurrung; Dyadyawurung; Boolucburer; Brapkut; Bulukwuro; Dallundeer; Djappuminyon; Djappuminyou; Djappuninyou; Ja:rewe; Jaadwa; Jaara; Jajaurung; Jajowerong; Jajowerrong; Jajowrung; Jajowurrong; Jardwa; Jurobaluk; Knen-knen-wurr; Tyapwuru; Tyapuwurru; Chaap Wuurong; Djabwuru; Kolor Kuurndit; Kooloor; Hopkins River tribe; Bolakngat; Knindowurong -5557,Dadi Dadi,,,,dadi1251,dda,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dda,Dadidadi; Dardidardi; Dardi-Dardi; Tharrthi-Tharrthi; Tatitati -5558,Kariyarra,,-21.09237034,117.6641089,kari1304,vka,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vka,Kariera; Karriara; Kariyara; Gariera; Kyreara; Kaierra; Minjiburu:; Minjubururu; Minjirbururu; Kudjunguru; Paljarri; Kariera-Ngaluma; Karriarra -556,Nubaca,,4.2971,10.7446,nuba1241,baf,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,baf,Bango; Bongo; Baca; Nu Baca -5560,Tjungundji,,-12.032,141.846,yang1305,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,0gq, -5561,Bilinarra,,-17.26732129,130.8928481,bili1250,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,nbj-bil,Pilinara; Bunara; Boonarra; Bilinara -5562,Liyagalawumirr,,,,liya1241,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,duj-lil, -5563,Mandjalpingu,,,,mand1418,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,djb-man,Manydjalpingu; Manydjalpuyŋu; Mandalpuy; Mandalpingu; Manjdjalpuyngu -5565,Wergaia,,,,werg1234,weg,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,weg,Meintangk; Meintank; Painbali; Djadjala -5566,Warji,,11.066981,9.564444,warj1253,wji,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wji,Sirzakwai; Warja; Warjawa; Werji; Sar; Sarawa; Ajawa; Aja; Ajanci -5568,Baan,,4.649881,7.282008,baan1241,bvj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvj,Baan-Ogoi; Goi; Ogoi -557,Tuotomb,,4.4449,10.371,tuot1238,ttf,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ttf,Ponek; Bonek; Tuotom -558,Iyasa,,2.3284,9.8464,yasa1242,yko,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,yko,Yasa; Iyassa; Yassa; Iyaasa; Maasa; Bongwe; Ndowe -5588,Jerung,,27.2241,86.3909,jeru1240,jee,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jee,Jero; Jerum; Jerunge; Jherung; Jero Mala; Zero; Zerum; Zero Mala -559,Zumaya,,10.5323,14.3591,zuma1239,zuy,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zuy, -5592,Nisga'a,,55.2035,-129.07,nisg1240,ncg,Tsimshian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ncg,Nishga; Niska'; Nisk'a'; Nass; Nisgha; Nass-Gitksan; Nisk'a; Nishka; Niska; Nasqa' -560,Birri,,5.4902,26.8505,birr1240,bvq,,endangered,ISO 639-3,bvq,Biri; Viri; Bviri -5606,Lama,,29.159356,99.881936,nort2724,bfc,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfc,Bijang Bai; Bai; Northern Bai; Laemae -5607,Northern Pumi,,28.0,101.0,nort2723,pmi,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmi,Prinmi; Primi; Pumi; Northern Prinmi; P'umi; Pimi; Primmi; Pruumi; P'ömi; P'rome; Ch'rame; 北普米語 -5608,Southern Pumi,,28.0,101.0,sout2729,pmj,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmj,Prinmi; Primi; Pumi; P'umi; Pimi; Primmi; Pruumi; P'ömi; P'rome; Southern Prinmi; 南普米語 -5609,Muya,,30.2593,101.7497,muya1239,mvm,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mvm,Manyak; Miyao; Minyak; Minyag; Menia; Menya; 木雅語 -561,Bodo,,6.0,26.0,bodo1272,boy,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,boy, -5610,Zhaba,,31.4,100.4734,zhab1238,zhb,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zhb,Zaba; Bazi; Bozi; Draba; nDrapa; Zha; 扎巴語 -5611,Guiqiong,,30.8148,101.7021,guiq1238,gqi,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gqi,Guichong; 貴瓊 -5613,Southern Qiang,,32.0,102.666666667,sout2728,qxs,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qxs,Qiang; 羌語南部方言 -5614,Baima,,33.1531,103.8696,baim1244,bqh,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqh,Bai Ma; Pe; 白馬語 -5618,Kharia,,22.5,84.3333333333,khar1287,khr,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khr,Haria; Kharvi; Khatria; Kheria; Khadia; Khariya; Khaɽia -5619,Sora,,20.0,84.3333333333,sora1254,srb,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,srb,Saora; Savara; Sabara; Saonras; Shabari; Sabar; Saura; Sawaria; Swara; Soːra -562,Ganzi,,16.0,19.0,ganz1247,gnz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnz, -5620,Gutob,,19.0,83.6666666667,bodo1267,gbj,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbj,Gutob; Gadaba; Gadba; Gutop; Gudwa; Godwa; Gadwa; Boi Gadaba; Bodo; Bodo-Gadaba; Sodia; Gadaba; Bodo -5621,Korku,,22.5,78.5,kork1243,kfq,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,kfq,Kurku; Muwasi; Muasi; Kuri; Bondeya; Bopchi; Korki; Ramekhera; Kurku-Ruma -5623,Koda,,22.1263,87.0776,koda1236,cdz,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cdz,Kora; Kōḍā; Kaora; Korali; Korati; Kore; Mudi; Mudikora; Koɖa; Koɽa; Mundari; Mundari-Ho -5624,Korwa,,22.4922,84.1552,korw1242,kfp,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfp,Ernga; Singli; Erngga; Mundari; Mundari-Ho -5625,Irula,,11.4369,76.5032,irul1243,iru,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,iru,Iruḷa; Eravallan; Erukala; Irava; Irulan; Irular; Irular Mozhi; Irulavan; Iruliga; Iruligar; Kad Chensu; Korava -5626,Takpa,,34.0617,77.5909,tawa1289,twm,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,twm,Dwags; Dakpa; Northern Monpa; Cuona Menba; 錯那門巴 -5627,Dimasa,,25.5,93.0,dima1251,dis,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,dis,Hill Kachari; Dimasa Kachari -5628,Dimli,,39.0,41.0,diml1238,diq,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,diq,Dimili; Dimlī; Zazaki; Southern Zaza; Zaza -563,Geme,,8.4941,20.6378,geme1244,geq,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,geq,Jeme; Ngba Geme; Gueme -5630,Falam Chin,,23.79,92.33,fala1243,cfm,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cfm,Hallam; Hallam Chin; Tipura; Halam; Fallam; Falam; Zahao; Chin; Falam; ဖလမ်းချင်း -5631,Galo,,28.1688,94.7433,galo1242,adl,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,adl,Gallong; Adi; Adi; Galo; Adi-Gallong; Adi-Galo; Galong; Abor -5632,Garhwali,,30.0976,79.1235,garh1243,gbm,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gbm,Gadhavali; Gadhawala; Gadwahi; Gashwali; Godauli; Gorwali; Gurvali; Pahari Garhwali; Girwali; Garhwal; Bhōṭiā of Garhwal -5633,Garo,,25.6666666667,90.5,garo1247,grt,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grt,Garrow; Mande -5634,Southern Ghale,,28.2501,84.718,sout2715,ghe,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ghe,Gurung; Galle Gurung; Ghale; Ghale; Southern; Lila Ke; Ril-Lila -5636,Gongduk,,27.086,91.2002,gong1251,goe,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,goe,Gongdubikha; Gongdue Kha -5637,Hakha Chin,,22.6667,93.6667,haka1240,cnh,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cnh,Pawi; Lai; Laizo; Hakha Lai; Haka; Lai Pawi; Lai Hawlh; Hakha; Baungshe; Chin (Haka); Shonshe; Baungshè; Chin; Haka; ဟားခါးချင်း -5638,Hmar,,24.1666666667,93.0,hmar1241,hmr,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hmr,Hamar; Mhar; Hmari -5639,Miju-Mishmi,,29.0,96.0,miju1243,mxj,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxj,Miju; Kaman; Mishmi; Miji; Geman Deng; Mījū Mishmi; Kaman Mishmi; Keman; 格曼語 -564,Ngombe,,3.9492,15.2352,ngom1265,nmj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmj,Ngombe-Kaka; Bagando-Ngombe; Bangando-Ngombe -5640,Karbi,,26.3333333333,93.5,karb1241,mjw,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,mjw,Mikir; Arleng; Manchati; Karbi Karbak; Arleng Alam; Nihang; Puta; Naga-Mikir -5641,Karko (India),,29.007615,94.90109,kark1255,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-kar, -5642,Lhomi,,27.6666666667,87.4166666667,lhom1239,lhm,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lhm,Lhoket; Shing Saapa; Kath Bhote; Kar Bhote -5643,Khengkha,,27.0786,91.0272,khen1241,xkf,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkf,Khenkha; Khen; Keng; Ken; Kyengkha; Kenkha -5644,Khezha Naga,,25.6811,94.367,khez1235,nkh,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nkh,Kheza; Kezami; Khezhama; Khezha; Kezhama; Keźama; Naga; Khezha -5645,Khiamniungan Naga,,26.229961,95.035461,khia1236,kix,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kix,Khiamngan; Aoshedd; Khiemnungan; Khiamniungan; Kalyokengnyu; Nokaw; Welam; Naga; Khiamniungan -5646,Thangal Naga,,25.2198,94.1583,than1255,nki,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nki,Khoirao; Khoirao Naga; Koirao; Kolya; Mayangkhang; Miyang-Khang; Ngari; Thangal; Thanggal; Tukaimi; Miyāng Khāng; Liyāng; Naga; Thangal -5647,Khowar,,35.994008,72.001475,khow1242,khw,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,khw,Khowār; Citālī; Čitarī; Arnyiā; Arniyā; Qāšqarī; Khawar; Chitrali; Citrali; Chitrari; Arniya; Patu; Qashqari; Kashkari; Dardu -5648,Koi,,27.3607,86.8661,koii1238,kkt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kkt,Koyu; Kohi; Koyi; Koi Bo'o; Koyu Bo' -565,Ukhwejo,,3.3626,16.0565,ukhw1241,ukh,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ukh,Benkonjo -5650,Konyak Naga,,26.9367,95.1745,kony1248,nbe,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbe,Konyak; Tableng; Kanyak; Naga; Konyak -5651,Mudu Koraga,,12.62,75.11,mudu1241,vmd,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,vmd,Mu:du; Koraga; Koraga; Mudu -5652,Kui (India),,20.0,83.5,kuii1252,kxu,Dravidian,at risk,ISO 639-3,kxu,Kui (in India); Kandh; Khondi; Khond; Khondo; Kanda; Kodu; Kodulu; Kuinga; Kuy; Ku -5653,Kulung (Nepal),,27.5,87.0,kulu1253,kle,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kle,Rai; Khulunge Rai; Kulu Ring; Khulung; Kholung; Khambu; Jindā -5655,Kurtokha,,27.664,91.176,kurt1248,xkz,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkz,Gurtü; Kurtopakha; Kürthöpka; Kurteopkha; Kurthopkha; Kurtöp; Kurtöbikha; Zhâke; Kurtöpkha; Au Gemale -5656,Ladakhi,,34.0,78.0,lada1244,lbj,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbj,Ladaphi; Ladhakhi; Ladak; Ladwags; Ladakhī; Budhī; Bod Buṭun; Mar-yul; Ladakse skat -5657,Levai,,28.391,94.708,leva1238,,,threatened,LINGUIST List,hru-lev,Bangru -5658,Liangmai Naga,,25.2794,93.6694,lian1251,njn,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,njn,Liangmai; Kwoireng; Kacha; Liyang; Lyengmai; Liangmei; Lyangmay; Naga; Liangmai -5659,Lotha Naga,,26.5,94.25,loth1237,njh,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,njh,Lotha; Lhota; Chizima; Choimi; Hlota; Kyong; Miklai; Tsindir; Lutha; Tsontsii; Naga (Lotha); Kyõ; Kyon; Kyontsü; Tsōntsü; Kantsii; Naga; Lotha -566,Berakou,,12.8492,15.032,bera1261,bxv,Central Sudanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxv,Babalia; Bubalia -5660,Mahasu Pahari,,31.2738,77.1295,maha1287,bfz,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bfz,Baghati; Western Pahari; Mahasui; Pahari; Mahasu -5663,Pochuri Naga,,25.6712,94.779,poch1243,npo,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,npo,Pochuri; Southern Sangtam; Eastern Rengma; Meluri; Anyo; Pochury; Naga; Pochuri -5664,Pattani,,32.75,76.75,patt1248,lae,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lae,Manchati; Manchad; Patni; Chamba; Chamba Lahuli; Lahuli; Swangla; Changsapa Boli; Lahul; Patan; Manchāti; Monchāti; Mantśati; Chamba Lāhulī -5666,Mao Naga,,25.5,94.3333333333,maon1238,nbi,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbi,Mao; Sopvoma; Spowama; Maikel; Memi; Sopfomo; Emela; Naga (Mao); Māo Naga; Naga; Mao -5667,Maram Naga,,25.185,93.9715,mara1379,nma,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nma,Maram; Naga; Maram -5668,Maring Naga,,24.6769,94.3835,mari1416,nng,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nng,Maring; Naga; Maring -5670,Mzieme Naga,,25.6019,93.8891,mzie1235,nme,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nme,Mzieme; Northern Zeme; Zeme; Naga; Mzieme -5672,Nocte Naga,,27.0,95.5,noct1238,njb,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,njb,Nocte; Namsangia; Naga; Borduria; Jaipuria; Mohongia; Nokte; Paniduria; Namsang; Naga; Nocte -5673,Rongmei Naga,,24.9661,93.5375,rong1266,nbu,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbu,Nruanghmei; Rongmei; Kabui; Maruongmai; Rongmai; Kabiu; Naga; Rongmei -5674,Northern Rengma Naga,,25.958,94.2462,nort2725,nnl,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nnl,Rengma North; Ntenyi; Ntenyi Naga; Nthenyi; Northern Rengma; Rengma; Naga; Northern Rengma -5675,Nupbikha,,27.3937,90.5003,nupb1238,npb,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,npb, -5676,Nyenkha,,27.4595,90.4119,nyen1254,neh,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,neh,Henkha; Lap; Mangsdekha; Nyg Ked; Nyn Kha; Ngenkha -5677,Padam,,28.2463,95.3668,pada1257,,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-pad,Standard Adi; Padam Adi; Padam-Minyong Adi -5678,Paite Chin,,24.0,93.1666666667,pait1244,pck,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pck,Paite; Oarte; Paithe; Parte; Haithe; Zoukam; Chin (Paite); Vuite; Chin; Paite -5679,Pani Koch,,25.8,90.2,bana1283,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,kdq-ban,Banai; Wanang -568,Boor,,10.2149,17.3721,boor1242,bvf,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bvf,Bwara; Damraw -5680,Phom Naga,,26.7799,94.9493,phom1236,nph,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nph,Phom; Chingmengnu; Tamlu; Phon; Tamlu Naga; Chingmengu; Tśingmegnu; Naga; Phom -5681,Puiron,,25.7,94.1,inpu1234,,,,LINGUIST List,05k,Puiron -5682,Rabha,,25.9284,90.9777,rabh1238,rah,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,rah,Rava -5683,Raji,,28.0,82.75,raji1240,rji,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,rji,Rajibar -5684,Ramo,,28.2463,95.3668,ramo1243,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-ram, -5685,Rongpo,,30.25,79.5833333333,rong1264,rnp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,rnp,Rangpo; Manchhi Bhassa; Marchha; Marchha Pahari; Rangkas; Rangpa; Rang Po Bhasa; Tolchha; Tolcha; Marchcha; Marchha; Sankiyā -5686,Southern Rengma Naga,,26.298275,93.655055,sout2732,nre,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nre,Terüpvunyu; Rengma Proper; Rengma Naga; Mozhumi; Moiyui; Mon; Unza; Nzong; Nzonyu; Injang; Southern Rengma; Western Rengma; Central Rengma -5687,Sampang,,27.257,86.9444,samp1249,rav,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rav,Rai; Sampange Rai; Sangpang; Sangpang Kha; Sangpang Gun; Sangpang Gîn; Jindā -5688,Seke (Nepal),,28.9166666667,83.75,seke1240,skj,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,skj, -5689,Sherdukpen,,27.0,92.5,sher1257,sdp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sdp,Ngnok -569,Buso,,12.5008,17.6011,buso1242,bso,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bso,Busso; Dam de Bousso; Bousso -5690,Sherpa,,27.75,86.8333333333,sher1255,xsr,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsr,Sharpa; Sharpa Bhotia; Xiaerba; Serwa; Sharpā; Bhōṭiā of northwestern Nepal; Sharwa -5691,Shimong,,28.2463,95.3668,shim1250,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-shi, -5692,Simte,,24.1968,93.3563,simt1238,smt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,smt, -5693,Spiti Bhoti,,32.2871,78.2652,spit1240,spt,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,spt,Spiti; Spitian; Piti Bhoti -5694,Sunwar,,27.3485,86.2337,sunw1242,suz,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,suz,Sunuwar; Sunbar; Sunwari; Sonowar; Sonowal; Mukhiya; Kwoico Lo; Sunuwār; Sunuvār; Koĩc; Kirānti-Kõints -5695,Surel,,27.6969,86.3058,sure1238,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,suz-sur, -5696,Tagin,,28.5,94.0,tagi1241,tgj,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tgj, -5697,Talysh,,37.0,49.0,taly1247,tly,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,tly,Talish; زبان تالشی; Talış dili; Talyshi; Talishi; Talesh; Taleshi; Tolışi; Толыши; تالشی زَوُن -570,Fongoro,,11.1029,22.7197,fong1243,fgr,Central Sudanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fgr,Gele; Kole -5700,Digaro-Mishmi,,28.4166666667,96.0,diga1241,mhu,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhu,Digaro; Digaru; Taaon; Taraon; Taying; Mishmi; Darang Deng; Darang; Darang Dengyu; Digaro Mishmi; Digāru Mishmi; 達讓語 -5702,Thado Chin,,24.4166666667,93.9166666667,thad1238,tcz,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tcz,Thado; Thadou; Thado-Ubiphei; Thado-Pao; Kuki; Kuki-Thado; Thaadou Kuki; Chin (Thado); Chin; Thado; Thādo-pao; သာဒိုး ချင်း -5703,Thakali,,29.0,83.75,thak1245,ths,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ths,Tapaang; Thaksya; Panchgaunle; Thāksya -5704,Tiddim Chin,,23.3333333333,93.6666666667,tedi1235,ctd,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,ctd,Chin; Tedim; Tedim; Tiddim; Chin (Tiddim); Chin (Tedim); Kamhau; တီးတိန်ချင်း -5706,Vaiphei,,24.14,93.72,vaip1239,vap,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vap,Bhaipei; Vaipei; Veiphei -5707,Wambule,,29.25,85.9166666667,wamb1257,wme,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wme,Umbule; Chaurasya; Tsaurasya; Chaurasia; Chourase; Chourasia; Ambule; Ombule; Chaurāsya; Tśaurasya; Chouras'ya' -5708,Wancho Naga,,26.9759,95.4656,wanc1238,nnp,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnp,Wancho; Banpara; Banpara Naga; Joboka; Naga; Wancho -5709,Yimchungru Naga,,25.9629,94.9713,yimc1240,yim,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yim,Yimchungrü; Yachimi; Yanchunger; Yimchungru; Yimchunger; Yimchungre; Tozhuma; Yachumi; Yatśumi; Yimtśurr; Yimchungru -571,Goundo,,9.4761,16.2652,goun1238,goy,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,goy, -5710,Helambu Sherpa,,27.92,85.63,hela1238,scp,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,scp,Sherpa; Yholmo; Yolmo; Yohlmo; Yohlmu Tam; Yol-mo; Ölmo -5711,Tagalaka,,-18.1973276258,142.96122717197,taga1279,tgz,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tgz,Dagalang; Da:galag; Takalak; Targa-lag; Tarkalag; Dagalag; Tagalag; Targalag -5712,Girramay,,,,girr1240,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,dbl-gir,Keramai; Kiramay; Kiramai; Wombelbara -572,Jonkor Bourmataguil,,11.4261,19.0145,jonk1238,jeu,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jeu,Djongor Bourmataguil; Dougne; Karakir -5725,Dhangu-Djangu,,-12.38347818,136.7522892,dhan1270,dhg,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dhg,Dhangu; Dhaŋu; Djangu; Warameri; Waramiri; Dangu; Dhangu'mi; Yirgala -5726,Diyari,,-28.58486621,139.0862193,dier1241,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,,dif; dit,Dieri; Dayerrie; Deerie; Diari; Dickeri; Dieyerie; Dieyrie; Dijari; Diyeri; Dthee-eri; Koonarie; Kunari; Ti:ari; Tirari; Urronminna; Wongkadieri; Wonkadieri; Dirari; Dhirari -5727,Duungidjawu,,-25.3987,152.345,duun1241,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,wkw-duu,Dundijau -573,Kendeje,,13.6299,21.5771,kend1253,klf,Maban,endangered,ISO 639-3,klf,Yaali; Kindeje -574,Koke,,10.8575,18.1315,koke1240,kou,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kou,Khoke -5745,Papuma,,-1.77,135.91,papu1251,ppm,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ppm, -575,Kujarge,,11.749,22.2431,kuja1239,vkj,,endangered,ISO 639-3,vkj,Kujarke -576,Laal,,10.0,17.6666666667,laal1242,gdm,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,gdm,Gori -5765,Kuanhua,,22.0,100.8,kuan1250,xnh,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,xnh,寬話; 寬語 -577,Massalat,,12.7635,20.5993,mass1262,mdg,Maban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mdg, -578,Mbara (Chad),,10.8009,15.6335,mbar1260,mpk,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpk,Massa de Guelengdeng; Guelengdeng; G'kelendeng; G'kelendeg -579,Miltu,,10.2149,17.3913,milt1241,mlj,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlj,Miltou -580,Noy,,8.9312,17.8829,noyy1238,noy,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,noy,Loo -5805,Nyang'i,,3.41666666667,33.5833333333,nyan1313,nyp,Kuliak,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyp,Nuangeya; Nyuangia; Nyangiya; Nyangia; Ngangea; Gyangiya; Nyangeya; Ngiangeya; Nipori; Niporen; Poren; Ngapore; Upale; Nyangi -5808,Zaysé-Zergulla,,5.91666666667,37.3333333333,zays1235,zay,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zay,Zayse; Zayse-Zergulla; Zaysse; Zeyse -581,Adzera,,-6.39,146.29,adze1240,adz,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,adz,Azera; Acira; Atzera; Atsera -5810,Bankon,,4.41666666667,9.58333333333,bank1256,abb,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abb,Abo; Bo; Abaw; Bon -5811,Sichela,,-8.511761,32.660766,sich1239,,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,wbh-sic, -5812,Tagdal,,15.783416,6.766845,tagd1238,tda,Mixed Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tda, -582,Toram,,11.1581,19.6023,tora1267,trj,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trj,Torom; Torum -5825,Guugu-Yimidhirr,,-15.16061049,144.9904848,gugu1255,kky,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kky,Kukuyimidir; Koko Imudji; Gugu Yimijir; Guugu Yimithirr; Gugu-Yimidhirr; Koko Yimidir; Kokojimoji; Kokoyimidir; Gogo-Yimidjir; Koko-jimidir; Jimidir; Gug-Imudji; Kookoyuma; Kookoymma; Guugu Yimidhirr; Kuku Yimidyi; Balara; Boolcanara; Bullangi; Bulponara; Bulpoonarra Djidjul; Emoji; Galai; Garburnga; Gu.gu Yimidir; I:du Imudji; Ithu Jidhu; Jimudji; Jungkurara; Junkara; Kalay; Guguyimidjir -583,Gyele,,2.2241,9.8986,gyel1242,gyi,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gyi,Bagyéli; Bakola; Giele; Gieli; Gyeli; Bagyele; Bagiele; Bajeli; Bajele; Bogyeli; Bogyel; Bondjiel; Bako; Bekoe; Bakuele; Likoya; Babinga; Baka -584,Beeke,,0.9997,28.7951,beek1238,bkf,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bkf,Beke; Ibeeke -5845,Uisai,,-6.746,155.685,uisa1238,uis,South Bougainville,threatened,ISO 639-3,uis, -5846,Seri,,29.0,-112.0,seri1257,sei,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sei, -5848,Hõne,,9.6,10.6,hone1235,juh,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,juh,Hone; Wapan Gwana; Gaateri; Kona Jukun; Pindiga-Jukun -585,Boguru,,4.3902,29.2016,bogu1241,bqu,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqu,Koguru; Kogoro; Buguru -5855,Ishkashimi,,36.4248,71.3344,ishk1246,isk,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,isk,Ishkashmi; Ishkashim; Eshkashimi; Eškāšmī -586,Kari,,4.8392,25.5432,kari1306,kbj,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kbj,Kare; Li-Kari-Li -5866,Oroshor,,38.315,72.321111,oros1238,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-oro,Oroshori; Roshorvi -5867,Shughni,,37.4879,71.5374,shug1248,sgh,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sgh,Shugnan-Rushan; Shighni; Khugni -587,Ngbinda,,4.6092,27.0812,ngbi1238,nbd,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nbd,Bungbinda; Bangbinda -5870,Rushani,,37.751667,71.538333,rush1239,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-rus,Rushani; Rushan; Oroshani; Roshni; Roashani -5871,Kaurna,,-34.34966141,138.4800794,kaur1267,,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,,,Kaura; Coorna; Koornawarra; Nganawara; Kurumidlanta; Milipitingara; Widninga; Winnaynie; Meyu; Winaini; Winnay-nie; Wakanuwan; Adelaide tribe; Warra; Warrah; Karnuwarra; Jaitjawar:a; Padnaindi; Padnayndie; Medaindi; Medain-die; Merildekald; Merelde; Gaurna; Nantuwara; Nantuwaru; Meljurna; Midlanta -5872,Tum,,18.8,104.8,toum1239,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,hnu-tou,Toum -5873,Kusunda,,28.0,84.6666666667,kusu1250,kgg,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kgg,Kusanda; Kusūndu -5874,Pong,,18.609278,104.922586,phon1243,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,hnu-pho,Phong; Poong; Pong 1; Pong 2; Tay Pong; Toum Phong; Khong Kheng; Xa La Vang -5876,Ruc,,17.682933,105.784103,rucc1239,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,scb-ruc,Kha Mu Gia; Tac Cui -5877,Phong-Kniang,,19.856569,104.036814,phon1246,pnx,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnx,Pong 3; Khaniang; Kenieng; Keneng; Lao Phong; Phong; Pong; Kniang; Pheng; Theng; P'eng -5878,Phong,,18.3333,105.0,hung1275,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1hq,Vietic Phong -5879,Maleng,,17.920839,105.400831,male1282,pkt,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pkt,Malieng; Malang; Kri; Krìì; Sô Salang; Hareme; Mã Liềng; Kha -588,Benga,,1.16666666667,9.41666666667,beng1282,bng,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bng,Qaqet -5881,Tewa,,36.0833333333,-106.083333333,tewa1260,tew,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tew, -5882,Phonsung,,17.77,104.23,aheu1239,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,thm-pho, -5883,May,,17.981492,105.622181,mayy1239,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,scb-may, -5884,Kri,,18.25,105.0,khap1242,,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1fn, -5885,Kasong,,13.228214,99.852433,cent2314,,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1l3,Song; Chong of Trat -5886,Kukatja,,-20.242549,127.534736,kuka1246,kux,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kux,Nambulatji; Panara; Pardoo; Peedona; Peedong; Pidung; Pidunga; Wanaeka; Wangatjunga; Wangatunga; Wangkadjungga; Wangkatjunga; Wangkatunga; Wangu; Wankutjunga; Bedengo; Bidong; Bidungo; Boonara; Bunara; Gogada; Gogadja; Gogoda; Gugada; Gugadja; Gugudja; Ilbaridja; Julbaritja; Julbre; Kokatja; Kukaja; Ku-kuruba; Manggai; Nambulatji; Kukacha; Luritja; Luritcha; Loritja; Loritcha; Lurritji; Aluridja; Loorudgie; Loorudgee; Juluridja; Maduntara; Maiulatara; Jumu -590,Naro,,-21.53317,21.934448,naro1249,nhr,Khoe,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nhr,Nharo; Naron; /Ai San; Nharon; Nhauru; Nhaurun; ||Aikwe; |Aikwe; ||Ai||en; ||Aisan; ||Ai||e; Qoo; Gaa; Ts'ao -592,N||ng,,-27.935574,22.734146,nngg1234,ngh,Tuu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ngh,N|uu; N|u; N/u; Khomani; ǂKhomani; /Nusan; =|Khomani -5925,Mabaan,,9.786503,33.633736,maba1273,mfz,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mfz,Maaban; Meban; Southern Burun; Gura; Tungan; Barga; Tonko; Ulu; Maban; Süd-Burun -5929,Bodi,,6.402267,36.005147,bodi1253,,Surmic,threatened,LINGUIST List,mym-bod,Podi -593,Taa,,-24.1367,20.1049,huaa1248,nmn,Tuu,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmn,!Xóõ; Tâa; !Xuun; N/amani; Ng|amani; Tsasi; Qgoon; /Namani; Tshasi; !Ko; Casi; /Nu//een -5930,C'ara,,6.479,36.3647,char1269,cra,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,cra,Chara; Ciara -5931,Fadashi,,10.849491,34.820309,fada1248,,Berta,threatened,LINGUIST List,wti-fad,Fedashe -5932,Shé,,7.748522,35.949797,shee1239,,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,bcq-she,She; Sce; Kaba -5934,Mangala,,-19.492,123.84,mang1383,mem,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mem,Mangalaa; Mangarla; Manala; Maŋala; Minala; Mangal; Mangula; Mangai; Djawali; Djuwali; Jiwali; Jiwarli; Koalgurdi; Yalmbau; Mangala -5935,Garig,,,,gari1254,,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ilg-gar,Gaari; Gari; Garik -5937,Iduh,,19.435231,104.4286,oduu1239,tyh,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tyh,O Du; O'du; 'Iduh; Hat; Haat; Tay Hat -5938,Phalok,,18.9582,98.789,phal1255,,Austro-Asiatic,dormant,LINGUIST List,lwl-pha,Mae Rim Lawa; Phalo -594,ǂHoan,,-23.977469,23.91037,hoaa1235,huc,Kx'a,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,huc,ǂHua; ǂHuan; ≠Hû; =|Hua; =|Hua-Owani; |Hua; |Hû; =|Hoan; =|Hoa; ǂHõã; ǂQhôã; ǂHua-Owani; ǂHoa; Eastern ǂHuan; ǂHũã -5945,Malak Malak,,-13.691648,130.677778,mull1237,mpb,Northern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mpb,MalakMalak; MullukMulluk; Ngolok-Wangar; Ngolak-Wonga; Nguluwongga; Mullukmulluk; Malagmalag; Malakmalak; Mullikmullik; Mollakmollak; Mallackmallack; Mullik-Mullik; Mollak-mollak; Malack-malack; Mulluc-Mulluc; Ngolok-Wangar; Ngululwanga; Ngulugwanga; Akana; Djiramo; Djiramö; Malag-Malag; Malak-malak; Mallak-mallak; Mollak Mollak; Mollok Mollok; Mullik-mullik; Mulluck Mulluck; Mulluk Mulluk; Mulluk-Mulluk; Mullu-Mulluc; Mulukmuluk; Ngolak-Wanggar; Ngolokwangga; Ngulugwongga; Nguluk Wangkar; Ngulukwongga; Valli-valli; Malak-Malak -5947,Ngan'gikurunggurr,,-14.18774722,130.1264861,tyem1238,,Southern Daly,endangered,LINGUIST List,nam-nan,Tyemeri; Marityemeri; Ngangikurrunggurr; Moil; Ngangikurongor; Ngangikarangurr; Ngangikurrungur; Ngankikurungkurr; Nangikurrunggurr; Nanggikorongo; Ngenkikurrunggur -595,|Gui,,-22.118722,22.415146,gwii1239,gwj,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwj,|Gwi; G/wi; /Gwi; G|wi -596,||Gana,,-21.7824,21.8971,gana1274,gnk,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnk,//Gana; G//ana; Dxana; G//anakhwe; Gxana; Gxanna; /Khessakoe; //Ganakhwe; Kanakoe -5965,Nhanta,,-28.671311,115.113029,nhan1238,nha,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nha,Amangu; Champion Bay tribe; Jau; Yau; Eaw; Nanda; Nanta; Nhanda; Nubda; Nunta; Wathandi; Wilunya; Watjandi; Watchandi; Watchandie; Buluguda; Bulgulu; Tamala; Daguda; Yaw; Eau -597,||Ani,,-18.6462,22.1319,anii1246,hnh,Khoe,endangered,ISO 639-3,hnh,//Ani; /Anda; Handá; |Anda; Handádam; Handakwe-Dam; Handa-Khwe; Khwe-||Ani; ||Anikhwe -5986,Yangman,,-15.02163749,132.7379726,yang1288,jng,Yangmanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jng,Jungman; Dagoman; Yungman; Yungmun; Yungmunni; Yungmanni; Yungmunee; Yungmunnee; Jongman -5987,Yuwaalaraay,,-29.84291122,149.806501,yuwa1242,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ki,Yualyai; Ualari; Juwalarai; Yualarai; Wullaroi; Yualai; Yerraleroi; Yuwaalayaay -5988,Alagwa,,-5.5,35.75,alag1248,wbj,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbj,Alagwaisi; Alagwase; Alawa; Chasi; Asi; Wasi; Kialagwa; Wasai; Uwassi -5989,"Baka (East Region, Cameroon)",,2.043024,13.399887,baka1272,bkc,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bkc,Bayaka; Bayaga; Bibaya; Babinga -5990,Bayot,,12.4218,-16.4149,bayo1255,bda,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bda,Baiote; Baiot; Bayotte; Bayote -5991,Bobongko,,-0.36759,121.922,bobo1255,bgb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgb, -5992,Bure,,10.517012,10.333315,bure1242,bvh,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bvh,Bubburè; Bubure; Bubbure -5993,Bussa,,5.7225,37.1406,buss1239,dox,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dox,Muusiye; Mossiya; Mossittaata; Dobase; D'oopace; D'opaasunte; Lohu; Mossiye; Mosiye; Musiye; Gobeze; Gowase; Goraze; Orase; Gowaze; North Bussa -5994,Fam,,7.819847,10.736183,famm1241,fam,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,fam, -5995,Gbayi,,5.57378,21.9707,gbay1278,gyg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyg,Kpasiya -5997,Ju,,10.104923,9.822267,juuu1243,juu,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,juu,Sho -5998,Kamda,,11.391187,29.119034,kamd1238,,Kadu,threatened,LINGUIST List,tey-kam,Kamdang -5999,Korop,,5.101887,8.711952,koro1304,krp,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krp,Ododop; Durop; Kurop; Dyurop; Erorup -600,Shua,,-21.2458,26.1776,shua1254,shg,Khoe,endangered,ISO 639-3,shg,Mashuakwe; Tshumakwe; Shua-Khwe -6000,Kpatili,,5.301989,21.889473,kpat1244,kym,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kym,Kpatiri; Kpatere; Ngindere -6006,Kw'adza,,-5.3753,35.8621,kwad1248,wka,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,wka,Qwadza; Kwadza; Ng’omvia; Ngomvya -6025,Bezhta,,42.1369,46.1508,bezh1248,kap,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kap,Bezheta; Kapucha; бежитинский язык; капучинский язык; бежкьалас миц; bežƛʼalas mic; Bexita; Bezhita; Bezhti; Kapuchin; Bechitin; Kupuca -6029,Dhuwal,,-12.61979016,135.5309461,nucl1333,,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,,duj; djr,Duala; Dual; Wulamba; Duwal; Murngin; Balamumu; Barlamomo; Barlamumu; Malag; Marlark; Arrawiya; Banjarrpuma; Bilamandji Dhurili; Durilji; Djambarrpuyngu; Jambapuing; Jambapuingo -603,Ju|'hoan,,-18.783792,21.742359,juho1239,ktz,Kx'a,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ktz,Ju/'hoan; Agau; Kung-Tsumkwe; Xu; Xun; Kung; !Xo; Zhu'oasi; Dzu'oasi; Tsumkwe; Dobe Kung; Xaixai; Žhu|hõasi; Ju/'hoansi -6030,Logba,,6.952328,0.472206,logb1245,lgq,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lgq, -6031,Mbonga,,5.6,13.8,mbon1252,xmb,,,ISO 639-3,xmb,Mboa; Mboŋa -6032,Mser,,12.100424,15.026155,mser1242,kqx,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kqx,Kotoko-Kuseri; Kuseri; Kouseri; Kousseri; Mandage; Klesem; Mandague; Mendage -6035,Gundi,,4.0,16.0,gund1247,gdi,,,ISO 639-3,gdi,Ngundi; Ngondi -6036,Obulom,,4.7432164,7.0821162,obul1239,obu,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,obu,Abuloma; Obulum -6037,Pande,,3.522159,16.039603,pand1264,bkj,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkj,Ipande -6038,Hwarasa,,,,hwar1238,,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ahg-hwa,Qwara; Qwarina; Kara; Quara; Qwarenya; 中库希特语支 -6039,Selee,,7.17462,0.42458,sele1249,snw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,snw,Santrokofi; Sentrokofi; Bale; Sele -6045,Swoeng,,15.3333,106.75,lawi1235,,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1eu,Lavi; Lavy -6046,Juk,,15.3333,106.85,souu1238,,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,lbo-juk,Suai -605,Hadza,,-3.401,35.3897,hadz1240,hts,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,hts,Hatsa; Hadzabi; Wakindiga; Kangeju; Hadzapi; Kindiga; Tindiga -6065,Saulteaux,,50.5573,-98.6562,west1510,ojw,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ojw,Ojibwa; Ojibway; Ojibwe; Chippeway; Plains Ojibway; Western Ojibwa; Salteaux; Nakawēmowin -6085,Diné Bizaad (Navajo),,35.8044,-108.475,nava1243,nav,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,at risk,ISO 639-3,nav,Diné Bizaad; Navajo; Navaho; Diné -61,Himba,,-18.05657,13.840657,zemb1238,dhm,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dhm,Dhimba; Dimba; Otjidhimba; Zemba; Tjimba; Simba; Chimba; Oluthimba; Luzimba -6105,Wawa,,6.748828,11.808929,wawa1246,www,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,www, -6106,Hwela,,,,hwel1241,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,lig-hwe,Hwela-Numu; Huela; Weila; Wiila; Weela; Vwela -6107,Yukuben,,6.852805,9.892777,yuku1243,ybl,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ybl,Boritsũ; Nyikuben; Nyikobe; Ayikiben; Boritsu; Balaabe; Balaaben; Oohum; Uuhum; Uuhum-Gigi; Uhumkhegi; Gohum -6108,Khufi,,37.8595,71.603726,khuf1238,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-khu,Khuf; Chuf -6146,Yokuts,,36.0269,-118.7213,yoku1256,yok,Yokutsan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yok, -6149,Jakalteko,,15.66,-91.66,popt1235,,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jac; jai,Jacaltec; Jakalteco; Popti' -6150,Matlatzinca,,19.39,-99.92,sanf1262,mat,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mat,Bot'una -6169,Sierra Popoluca,,18.3333333333,-95.1666666667,high1276,poi,Mixe-Zoquean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,poi,Highland Popoluca; Popoluca de la Sierra; Soteapanec; Soteapan Zoque -6189,Pisaflores Tepehua,,20.688,-98.012,pisa1237,tpp,Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpp, -6193,Triqui,,,,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,trs; trc; trq, -6195,Guazacapán Xinka,,14.057656,-90.497983,xinc1246,qda,Xincan,dormant,ISO 639-3,qda,Xinca de Guazacapán -6196,Jumaytepeque Xinka,,14.344,-90.256,xink1235,qhq,Xincan,dormant,,qhq,Jumay Xinka; Xinca de Jumaytepeque -6197,Poqomchi',,15.36,-90.58,poqo1254,,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,poh; pob, -6198,Uspanteko,,15.3475,-90.8684,uspa1245,usp,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,usp,Uspanteco; Uspantec -6199,Sumo,,13.0,-84.5,maya1285,,Misumalpan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sum; yan; ulw,Sumo-Mayangna; Sumu; Ulwa; Ulua; Ulúa; Woolwa; Mayangna -6200,Guaymí,,8.66666666667,-82.0,ngab1239,gym,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gym,Ngäbere; Chiriqui; Ngobere; Valiente -6202,Cora,,22.0,-105.0,,,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,crn; cok,Náayeri -6203,Guarijío,,27.75,-108.666666667,huar1255,var,Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,var,Macurái; Maculái; Macurawe; Varihío; Varijío; Vorijío; Warihío; Huarijío -6229,Djuwarliny,,-20.342394,122.281792,djuw1238,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,wmt-dju,Juwaliny; Tjuwalinj; Tjiwarliñ -6250,Western Bukidnon Manobo,,7.66666666667,124.75,west2555,mbb,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mbb, -626,Oaxaca Zoque,,16.75,-94.75,chim1300,zoh,Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zoh,Zoque; Chimalapa Zoque; Zoque (Chimalapa) -6269,Wangkajunga,,-20.26867763,126.5343409,wang1288,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kc,Wangkajungka -627,Zuni,,35.082,-108.76,zuni1245,zun,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,zun,Zuñi; Shiwi'ma -6270,Martu Wangka,,-29.854456,122.324919,mart1256,mpj,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpj,Mardo; Targudi; Jigalong; Martuwangka; Targoodi; Mardujara -6271,Wudjari,,-33.76168825,122.1094206,,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kf,Widjara; Warangoo; Warranger; Warrangle; Ngokwurring; Ngokgurring; Nonga; Nunga; Yunga; Daran -6272,Mirniny,,-31.297328,130.052719,mirn1245,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,0ql,Mirning-Ngadjunma-Kalarko; Mirning; Mirniny; East Mirniny; Mirniñ; Mining; Meening; Wanbiri; Warnabirrie; Warnabinnie; Wanmaraing; Yirkla; Ikala; Ikula -6273,Western Arrarnte,,-22.97968655,132.4794151,west2441,are,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,are,Arrernte; Arrernte (Western); Arrarnta (Western); Western Aranda; Aranda; Aldolanga; Aldolinga; A'randa; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunta; Arunta Ulpma; Burrin-gah; Herrinda; Ilpma; Jairunda; Oiljpma; Paroola; Ulpma; Urrundie; Ur-rundie; Waitjinga; Wonggaranda; Wongkatjeri; Wychinga; Western Arranta -629,Záparo,,-2.2186,-76.5087,zapa1253,zro,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zro,Záparo; Zápara; Kayapwe; Zaparo; Kayapi; Záparo-Conambo; Sáparo-Konambo; Sápara -6310,Ambele,,5.868,9.765,ambe1247,ael,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ael,Tinta; Ambala; Bata'o; Lembala; Tentwa' -632,Yukpa,,9.7956,-72.9382,yukp1241,yup,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yup,Yucpa-Yaprería; Japrería; Macoíta; Yuco; Yucpa; Yuko; Yupa -6329,Menka,,5.885162,9.833596,menk1238,mea,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mea,Wando Bando; Mamwoh -633,Yuki,,-16.2463,-65.0061,yuqu1240,yuq,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yuq,Yuqui; Bia; Yúki; mbiá -634,Yuhup,,-0.5493,-69.9169,yuhu1238,yab,Nadahup,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yab,Makú-Yahup; Yëhup; Yahup; Yahup Makú; “Maku” -6349,Badjiri,,-28.71870395,144.8719484,badj1244,jbi,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jbi,Budjari; Badyidi; Badjidi; Badjeri; Baddyeri; Byjerri; Baderi; Poidg-erry; Badjedi; Bädjäri; Poidgerry -6350,Dharumbal,,-23.05169278,150.4004615,dhar1248,xgm,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xgm,Baiali; Biyali; Darambal; Orambul; Charumbul; Darawal; Darumbal; Kooinmarburra; Kuinmurbara; Ningebal; Tarumbal; Tharumbal; Urambal; Warabal; Yetimarala; Wandandian (?); Byellee; Bieli; Byellel; Tarumbul; Koinjmal; Guñmal; Kooinmerburra; Kungmal; Kungalburra; Mamburra; Bayali; Koinbal -6351,Gureng Gureng,,-25.92169536,151.3260412,gure1255,gnr,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gnr,Curanggurang; Curang-gurang; Goorang-goorang; Gooranggorang; Gooreng Gooreng; Gurang; Gurang Gurang; Guranggurang; Gurang-gurang; Gureng-gureng; Kooranga; Korenggoreng; Koreng-koreng; Korrengkorreng; Kurranga; Gurreng Gurreng; Gureng-Gureng; Goreng Goreng -6352,Ngamo,,6.772275,37.313475,ngam1282,nbh,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbh,Ngamawa; Gamo; Gamawa -640,Horpa,,31.091339,101.748892,horp1239,ero,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ero,Ergong; Daofu; Horpa-Shangzhai; Hor; Hórsók; Danba; Western Jiarong; Pawang; Bawang; 爾龔語; 道孚語; 霍爾語 -641,Achagua,,4.434,-70.8837,acha1250,aca,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,aca,Achagua; Xagua; Ajagua; Achawa -6449,Inuktitut,,54.1772,-58.4218,east2534,ike,Eskimo-Aleut,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ike,ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ; Inuit; Eastern Arctic Eskimo; Eastern Canadian Eskimo -6469,Upland Yuman,,36.2429,-112.6897,hava1248,yuf,Cochimi-Yuman,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuf,Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai; Upper Colorado River Yuman; Northern Pai; Upland; Hualapai; Havasupai; Yavapai; Pai; Upper River Yuman -647,Achi',,15.0845,-90.4888,achi1256,acr,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,acr,Rabinal K'iche'; Achí -648,Achuar,,-2.876318,-77.586775,achu1248,acu,Chicham family (Jivaroan),threatened,ISO 639-3,acu,Achual; Achuar-Shiwiar; Achuale; Achuara; Jívaro; Maina -650,Acoma-Laguna,,34.8964,-107.5816,west2632,kjq,Keresan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjq,Western Keres Pueblo; Western Keresan; Acoma -6509,Picuris,,36.1914,-105.7151,picu1248,,Kiowa-Tanoan,threatened,LINGUIST List,twf-pic,Taos-Picuris -651,Akateko,,16.7823,-93.1061,west2635,knj,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,knj,Acatec; Kanjobal (Western); Kanjobal; Western; Acateco; Acatec; San Miguel Acatán Kanjobal; Conob; Western Kanjobal; Western Q'anjob'al; Kanjobal de San Miguel Acatán -6510,Taos,,36.4717,-105.5596,nort1550,twf,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,,twf,Northern Tiwa; Tiwa; Northern; Tiwa; Tiwa (Northern) -6511,Rio Grande Keresan,,35.4166666667,-106.666666667,east1472,kee,Keresan,endangered,ISO 639-3,kee,Rio Grande Keresan; Eastern Keresan; Eastern Keres Pueblo; Santa Ana; Keres; Keresan (Santa Ana); Keresan; Keres; Eastern -6512,Sioux,,43.0588,-102.5244,,,Siouan,endangered,,dak; lkt; sto,Lakota -6513,Tubatulabal,,35.6444,-118.5183,tuba1278,tub,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tub,Tübatulabal; Kern River; Kern -652,Q'anjob'al,,15.3333333333,-91.6666666667,qanj1241,kjb,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kjb,Kanjobal (Eastern); Kanjobal; Kanjobal; Eastern; Kanhobal; Conob; Eastern Kanjobal; Qanjobal -653,Kiowa Apache,,35.1018,-98.6033,kiow1264,apk,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,ISO 639-3,apk,Oklahoma Apache; Plains Apache; Kiowa-Apache; Na'isha; Llanero; Na-isha; Apache; Kiowa -654,Lipan,,33.1513,-105.799,lipa1241,apl,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,apl,Apache; Lipan; Eastern Apache; Lipan Apache -655,Apalaí,,0.0,-54.0,apal1257,apy,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,apy,Apalai; Aparai; Apalay -656,Apiaká,,-11.1519,-57.3113,apia1248,api,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,api,Apiacá; Apiake -6569,Huichol,,22.0,-104.0,huic1243,hch,Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hch,Vixaritari Vaniuqui; Vizaritari Vaniuki -657,Apatani,,27.5228,93.8177,apat1240,apt,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,apt,Apa; Patan; Apa Tani -658,Apinayé,,-5.5,-48.0,apin1244,apn,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,apn,Apinage; Apinayé; Apinajé; Apinagé -660,Arabela,,-1.5818,-75.3881,arab1268,arl,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,arl,Chiripuno; Chiripunu; Arabela-Andoa -6609,Gugu-Warra,,-15.6137893,143.7753848,gugu1256,wrw,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wrw,Kokowarra; Kokowara; Laia; Koko Wara; Kookawarra; Coo-oo-warra; Gugu-Warra; Koko Laia; Coo-coo-warra; Aghu Laia; Aku Laia; Guguwarra; Kuku-Wara -661,Arapaho,,43.0139,-108.8214,arap1274,arp,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,arp,Arrapahoe; Northern Arapaho; Arapaho-Atsina -662,Júma,,-7.4496,-63.8195,juma1249,jua,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jua,Arara; Kagwahibm; Kagwahiph; Kagwahiv; Kavahiva; Kawahip; Kawaib; Yumá -663,Araweté,,-5.1347,-52.3388,araw1273,awt,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,awt,Bïde; Asuriní; Asuriní do Xingú; Asuriní do Coatinema; Awaeté -6630,Jurruru,,-23.103734,116.026382,tjur1240,tju,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,tju,Tjuroro; Tjururu; Tjororo; Tjururo; Churoro; Choororo; Chooraroo; Djururo; Djururu; Chooraro -6631,Awabakal,,-33.09,151.588,awab1243,awk,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,awk,Arwarbukarl; Awabagal; Hunter River and Lake Macquarie; Kuringgai; Kuri; Lake Macquaire Newcastle tribe; Lake Macquarie; Geawegal; Gwegal -6632,Kalkatungu,,-20.8213821,139.0590511,kalk1246,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,,ktg; wwb,Calcadoon; Galgadung; Galgadungu; Galgaduun; Kalka-donna; Kalkadoon; Kalkadun; Kalkadung; Kalkadunga; Kalkaladoona; Kalkatongo; Kalkatunga; Kulkadoon; Kulkodone; Maithakari; Mantaba; Roongkari; Rungkari; Kalkutung; Wakabunga; Waggaboonyah; Waggabundi; Wakobungo; Waukaboonia; Worgabunga; Workabunga; Workoboongo -664,Arikapú,,-12.0527,-64.7259,arik1265,ark,Jabutian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ark,Arikapu; Aricapú; Aricapu; Maxubí; Mashubi -6649,Barngarla,,-30.99936857,136.9137803,bang1339,bjb,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,bjb,Parnkala; Parnkalla; Banggarla; Bangala; Banggala; Bahanga-La; Bungeha; Bungela; Pangkala; Pakarla; Pankalla; Punkalla; Kortabina; Pankarla; Bahanga-la; Kooapidna; Bungala; Bahngala; Pankala; Parkalla; Parn-ka-la; Punkirla; Willeuroo; Arkaba-tura; Wanbirujurari; Willara -665,Aruá,,-12.0285,-64.7094,arua1261,arx,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,arx,Aruaxi; Aruashí; Cinta Larga; Gavião; Zoró -6650,Pirlatapa,,-29.95018853,139.5123499,pirl1238,bxi,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bxi,Berluppa; Biladaba; Biladapa; Bilatappa; Billatapa; Billidapa; Birladapa; Jarikuna; Pidlatapa; Piladapa; Pilardapa; Pilatapa; Pilladapa; Pillatapa; Pilliapp; Pillitapa; Pulladapa; Yarri-kuna -6651,Warndarrang,,-14.9,134.95,wand1263,wnd,Gunwinyguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wnd,Wandaran; Wandarang; Wandarung; Wanderang; Wangarong; Warndarang; Wuyarrawala -6652,Warriyangga,,-24.146754,115.583954,wari1262,wri,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wri,Wariyangga; Warriyangka; Wariengga; Warianga; Warienga; Warrijangga; Woorienga; Woorenga; Wariwongga; Wari-wonga; Warriwonga; Wariwonga; Malgaru; Malygaru; Wadiwangga -6653,Yalarnnga,,-21.97436706,139.9133497,yala1262,ylr,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ylr,Jalanga; Wonganja; Yalarrnga; Yallunga; Yelina; Yellanga; Yellunga -6654,Yaygir,,-29.91558791,153.2691386,yayg1236,xya,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xya,Yegir; Jeigir; Jungai; Yegera; Yiegera; Youngai; Yaygirr -6656,Yorta Yorta,,-36.0469555,144.8188789,yort1237,xyy,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xyy,Arramouro; Boonegatha; Echuca; Gunbowerooranditchgoole; Gunbowers; Jodajoda; Jotijota; Joti-jota; Kwart Kwart; Loddon tribe; Moira; 'Ngarrimouro; Ngarrimowro; Unungun; Wol-lithiga; Woollathura; Yabola; Yodayoda; Yoda-Yoda; Yoorta; Yota; Yota Yota; Yotayota; Yota-Yota; Yoti Yoti; Yotta-Yotta; Youta; Bangerang -6657,Biri,,-28.478349,115.462875,biri1256,,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,,bzr; xgi,Biria; Birri Gubba; Birigaba; Biriaba; Breeaba; Perembba; Perenbba; Wirri; Wiriwiri; Wierdi; Widi; Juipera; Garingbal -6659,Dhurga,,-35.54363597,150.1793725,dhur1239,dhu,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dhu,Dhu'rga; Durga; Thoorga; Tharumba; Thurga; Bugellimanj; Bargalia; Moruya; Bugellimangi; Walbanga; Thaua; Thawa; Thauaira; Tadermanji; Tauaira; Guyangalyuin; Wandanian; Kurialyuin; Dhuurga; Duurga -666,Ica,,10.0986,-73.5424,arhu1242,arh,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,arh,Arhuaco; Aruaco; Bintuk; Bíntucua; Bintucua; Ijca; Ijka; Ika; Ike; Bintukwa; Arwako; Busitana; Icu; Ixca; Bintuka -6660,Kungarakany,,-12.976028,130.946883,kung1259,ggk,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,ggk,Gungaragan; Gunerakan; Kangarraga; Kungarakan; Gungarakanj; Gungaragany; Kungarakayn -6661,Aghu-Tharnggala,,-15.11729919,145.810382,aghu1256,gtu,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gtu,Aghu Tharnggalu; Kuku-Mini; Ikarranggali; Aghu-Tharrnggala; Aghu; Agu-Tarnggele; Aku-Danggela; Darnggele; Darnggelle; Aghu Tharnggala; Gogo Mini -6663,Dhuwala,,-12.19248937,135.4089344,,,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,,guf; gnn,Gupapuyngu; Gobabingo; Kupapuyngu; Gubabuyngu; Gubabwingu; Gobabwingu; Gababoinu; Kopapingo; Kopapoingo; Koparpingu; Gupapuyŋu; Kopapingu; gupapuyngu; Kopapaingo; Gupapuynu; Gupapuyna; Kuppapoingo; Gobabwingo; Goba-buinggu; Gubabuingu; Gababingo; Gububuinung; Ba-babingo; Guba; Gobagwingo; Dajoror; Gumatj -6664,Kuyani,,-30.50201585,138.1018386,guya1249,gvy,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gvy,Guyani; Kijani; Kwiani; Gujani; Kujani; Kuyanni; Kwiana; Kooyiannie; Cooyiannie; Kooyeeunna; Kooteeuna; Koonarie; Owinia; Kooteeunna; Nganitjidi; Ngannityiddi -6666,Linngithigh,,-12.99121804,141.7166807,leni1238,lnj,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,lnj,Linngithig; Leningitij; Linngidhigh; Cabati; Ladamngid; Latangeti; Latarngit; Leiningidi; Leningiti; Lenngeti; Lenngidgh; Lingitir; Linngiti; Onnatangnit; Umngnity; Winda Winda; Laini-ngitti; Linŋit̯iγ -6668,Ngarrindjeri,,-35.94962694,139.8185645,narr1259,nay,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,nay,Narrinyeri; Ngarinyeri; Yaralde; Jarildekald; Jaralde; Yarilde; Yarrildie; Jaraldi; Jarildikald; Lakalinyeri; Piccanini Murray people; Warawalde; Yalawarre; Yaraldi; Yarildewallin -667,Arutani,,4.07,-62.87,arut1244,atx,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,atx; arut1244,Auaqué; Awaké; Auaké; Auake; Awake; Aoaqui; Oewaku; Uruak; Uruák; Urutani; Orotani; Ahuaqué; Oewacu -6670,Nukunu,,-32.71595341,138.0903099,nugu1241,nnv,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nnv,Nugunu; Nukuna; Doora; Njuguna; Nokunna; Noocoona; Nookoona; Nuguna; Nukana; Nukunnu; Pukunna; Tjura; Tyura; Wallaroo; Warra; Wongaidya; Wongaidja; Nukunna; Nu-guna; Tura; Eura; Barutadura -6671,Nganyaywana,,-30.46683576,151.5553039,ngan1296,nyx,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nyx,Anaiwan; Anaywan; Anewan; Aniwan; Dariwan; Ee-na-won; Eenewon; Eneewin; En-nee-win; Enni-won; Enuin; Inuwan; Inuwon; Narwo; Nee-inuwon; Nganjaywana; Nowan; Yenniwon -6672,Malkana,,-26.369725,114.207945,malg1242,vml,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,vml,Maljanna; Maldjana; Malgana; Majanna; Malyana -6674,Tabo,,-7.95824,143.2032,tabo1241,knv,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,knv,Hibaradai; Hiwi; Waia; Waya -6677,Boonwurrung,,-38.44632223,145.8369926,boon1243,,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,0hq,Bunurong; Boon Wurrung; Bun wurrung; Boatnairo; Boatnarro; Putnaroo; Putmaroo; Bonurong; Bonnings; Boonnong; Boomerang; Port Phillip Aborigines; Bon-gar-rong; Bon-ga-rong; Boom ner wrong; Boomerong; Boonerong; Boong wer rong; Boongerong; Bounworong; Boonwoorong; Boonworong; Bonwarry; Westernport blacks; Boong.er.rong; Boong.er.ong; Bonwerong; Boormarong; Boonmerong; Bon-worong; Boonmorong; Bon-wrogon; Boonrong; Boongerang; Boon.ger.rong; Boonwo-rong; Western Port tribe; Boonurong; Bonwrong; Boungerong; Bournourong; Boongurong; Boonguerong; Boonwerung; Boonwerong; Boomeronge; Boon wurong; Coast tribe; Boonoorong; Boon-oor-rong; Boonurrong; Bunwurru; Bun-wurru; Bunwurung; Boon-wurung; Boon wurung; Borawong; Bunoorong; bunurong; Boonerang; Bunuron; Bunarong; Bunerong; Boonoor-ong; Bunwurong; Bunwurra; Thurung; Boonoorung; Boonworung; Boonwurrong; Bonourong; Bunerung; Boonooroong -6678,Darkinyung,,-33.11470744,150.4952383,hawk1239,xda,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xda,Darginjang; Darginyung; Darkinjang; Darkinoong; Darkinung; Darkinyun; Darkiñung; Darknung; Darkinjung -668,Kapong,,5.3753,-60.5126,,,Cariban,vulnerable,,ake; pbc,Kapon; Ka'pong -6680,Gayiri,,-23.9039922,148.0814757,gayi1238,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0h5,Kairi; Khararya -6681,Gundungurra,,-34.76946368,149.6767454,gund1248,xrd,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xrd,Burragorang; Gan dangara; Gandangara; Gandanggara; Gundaahmyro; Gundanora; Gundungari; Gurragunga; Gurra-gunga; Gudungura; Ngunawal; Ngaonawal; Nungawal; Yarr; Ngennigenwurro; Yiilima; Cundunorah; Gundungorra -6682,Ngunawal,,-35.0079515,148.5035148,ngun1277,xul,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xul,Burragorang; Ngunuwal; Ngunnawal; Ngoonawal; Nungawal; Ngaonawal; Ngennigenwurro; Wonnawal; Yarr; Yass tribe; Lake George tribe; Five Islands tribe; Molonglo tribe; Gurungada; Gundungurra; Yiilima -6684,Eora,,-33.899572,151.206704,sydn1236,,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,1j0,Iyora; Iora; Eaora; Yora -6686,Dharug,,-33.52925837,150.3490464,sydn1236,xdk,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xdk,Dharuk; Daruk; Dharruk; Eora; Lyora; Sydney Language; Broken Bay tribe; Darrook; Dharrook; Dharrok; Oharruk; Eo-ra; Ea-ora; Iora; Yo-ra; Kameraigal; Kem:arai; Kemmaraigal; Camera-gal; Cammera; Camerray-gal; Cam-meray; Kemmirai-gal; Gweagal; Bedia-mangora; Gouia-gul; Gouia; Botany Bay tribe; Wanuwangul; Kadigal; Caddiegal; Darug; Dhar’rook -6688,Kaniyang,,-33.495598,116.354485,kani1276,,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,1j2,Nyunga; Kaniyan; Kaneang; aneang; Kunjung; Kunyung; Ka:lbar-anggara; Jabururu; Yobberore; Uduc-Harvey tribe; Kaleap; Qualeup; Qua-lup; Quailup; Waal.g -6689,Kartujarra,,-23.27912297,121.7321284,kart1247,,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1j3,Kartutjara; Kardutjara; Kadaddjara; Kardutjarra; Kiadjara; Gardudjara; Gagudjara -669,Aikanã,,-12.651,-60.3918,aika1237,tba,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tba,Aikaná; Huarí; Warí; Masaká; Tubarão; Kasupá; Mundé; Corumbiara; Huari; Tubaro; Wari; Uari; Kolumbiara -6692,Kok-Nar,,-16.17852418,141.5751913,kokn1236,gko,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gko,Gundara; Gog Nar; Kundara; Koko-Nari; Koko-Nar; Koko-Nhang; Kuk-Narr; Kuuk-Nhang; Kok Narr; Kok Nhang; Kundar; Koknar; Gugu Nar; Gugu Nhang; Kuantari; Goondarra; Wangara; Wanggara; Kokowanggara; Kokawan-gar; Kokatabul; Kokodaue; Koko-daua; Oikand; Kok Nar; Kok-Narr; Kwanthar -6693,Kolakngat,,-38.471266,143.422444,cola1237,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0hr,Kolacgnat; Coligan; Kolijon -6694,Kurnai,,-37.62635582,147.8838803,gana1278,unn,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,unn,Gunnai; Gunai; Ganai; Gaanay; Kurnay; Cunni; Gooni; Gunna; Kunnai -6695,Malyangapa,,-30.5745762,140.7023202,maly1234,yga,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yga,Maljangaba; Malya-napa; Mulya-napa; Mulya-nappa; Milya-uppa; Mullia-arpa; Muliaarpa; Malynapa; Malja:pa; Malyapa; Nalyanapa; Malgangara; Karikari; Bulalli; Bulali; Runta; Runda; Maljangapa; Malyanapa; Mulyanapa; Mulyanappa; Milyauppa; Multyerra; Malgaaljangaba; Malyangaba -6696,Manjiljarra,,-22.517631,123.840208,many1256,,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,LINGUIST List,1j4,Mantjiltjara; Mandijildjara; Manyjilyjara; Manyjilyjarra -6698,Mayi-Kulan,,-18.785081,141.229114,mayi1236,xyk,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyk,Maykulan; Wunamara; Mayi-Thakurti; Mayi-Yapi; Maikulung; Mygoolan; Mykoolan; Micoolan; Mikkoolan; Maikulan; Maikolon; Makulu; Mayi-kulan; Miccoolin; Mikoolun; Mycoolon; Mykoo-lan; Mykulau -6699,Mayi-Thakurti,,-20.00585156,140.6753482,mayi1234,xyt,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyt,Maidhagudi; Maitakudi; Mayatagoorri; Mythugadi; Majadhagudi; Mythuggadi; Mythaguddi; Mittagurdi; Mitagurdi; Mitakoodi; Mittakoodi; Mitroogoordi; Mitrogoordi; Mitakudi; Mittaka; Maithakari; Maidakadi; Maytagoori; Maithakui; Maithakuri; Maitakari; Maidhagari; Maidhaggaria; Maioakuri; Maitakeidi; Maithagudi; Maithakudi; Mayadhagurdifagurdi; Mayatagoori; Maydhagurdi -670,Alabama,,30.7158,-94.7028,alab1237,akz,Muskogean,endangered,ISO 639-3,akz,Alibamu -6700,Mbiywom,,-12.89620501,142.2710997,mbiy1238,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0gx,Mbeiwum; Kok Mbewan; Kok Mbewam -6704,Mithaka,,-25.13606725,139.598447,mith1236,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0h4,Mithaka; Midhaga -6709,Nari Nari,,-34.53088209,144.3450718,nari1241,rnr,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,rnr,Narri-Narri; Narinari; Nari-Nari; Nari-nari; Jabulajabula -671,Aleut,,54.7212,-164.4433,aleu1260,ale,Eskimo-Aleut,endangered,ISO 639-3,ale,Unangan; Unangam Tunuu; алеутский язык; Унáҥам Тунý; Унаңан; Unanghan; Amara; Aleutian; Ungangan; Unangany; アレウト語; アリュート語 -6712,Ngarigu,,-36.30008261,148.7238073,ngar1297,xni,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xni,Ngarigu; Ngarigo; Ngaruku; Ngaragu; Ngundura; Ngarego; Ngarago; Garego; Ngarruga; Bemeringal; Wolgal; Walgalu -6717,Ngumbarl,,-17.53716033,122.4292371,ngum1253,,Nyulnyulan,dormant,LINGUIST List,08s,Ngombaru; Ngormbal -6718,Nhirrpi,,-28.62910687,141.2759561,nhir1234,hrp,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,hrp,Nhirrpi -672,Alutiiq,,58.1938,-155.6542,paci1278,ems,Eskimo-Aleut,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ems,Sugpiaq; Pacific Gulf Yupik; Sugpiak; Eskimo; Chugach Eskimo; Koniag-Chugach; Suk; Sugcestun; South Alaska Eskimo; Yupik (Pacific Gulf ); šuk/suk Sugpiaq; Aleut; アリュティーク語 -6721,Pinjarup,,-32.7,115.7,pinj1244,pnj,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,pnj,Pinjarra; Bangoula; Banyoula; Banyowla; Binjarup; Kuriwongi; Peejine; Penjarra; Pidjain; Yaberoo -6722,Punthamara,,-27.83959041,142.9447505,punt1240,xpt,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xpt,Bundhamara; Bunthomarra; Buntamara; Banthamurra; Bunthaburra; Kungardutyi; Gungadidji -6725,Umiida,,-16.48120833,124.1827128,umii1236,xud,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xud,Umida; Umi:da; Oomida; Wumide; Aobidai of Ongkarango; O:ka:ta; O:kada; Okat; Oken; Okwata; Umeda; Umede; Umidi -6726,Unggumi,,-17.21965549,124.8608367,ungg1243,xgu,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xgu,Ungkami; Wunggumi; Oonggoomi; Ungami; Uŋgumi; Wongkami; Wongkomi; Wungami; Ngarangari; Ong Komi; Ongaranjan; Ungumi -673,Mednyj Aleut,,54.7753,167.5662,medn1235,,Mixed Language,critically endangered,Glottolog,medn1235,Copper Island Attuan; алеутско-медновский язык; Creolized Attuan; Copper Island Aleut Creole; медновский язык; Medny; Copper -6730,Wardandi,,-33.651208,115.350094,ward1248,wxw,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wxw,Wadarandee; Wardandie; Kardagur; Belliman; Dardanup; Doonin; Dordenup; Dornderupwongy; Dunanwongi; Jabaru; Nghungar; Waadandi; Waddarndi; Wadjandi; Yabaroo -6731,Warrnambool,,-38.345,142.4608,warr1257,gjm,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gjm,Dhauwurd Wurrung; Gunditjmara; Dhauhurtwurru; Gournditch-mara; Gurnditschmara; Kirurndit; Kuunditjmara; Kuurn-kopan-noot; Ngutuk; Nil-can-cone-deets; Tourahonong; Weeritch-Weeritch -6732,Wathawurrung,,-37.68777565,144.1013148,wath1238,wth,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wth,Wudjawuru; Wadawio; Wadourer; Woddowrong; Wollowurong; Woddowro; Witowurrung; Wothowurong; Watorrong; Witaoro; Wudja-wurung; Witowurung; Witowurong. Witowurrong; Witowro; Witoura; Wadjawuru; Wuddyawurru; Wuddyawurra; Witouro; Wittyawhuurong; Warra; Wathaurong; Wathaurung; Wada wurrung; Wadthaurung; Waitowrung; Wudthaurung; Wod-dowrong; Waddorow; Wathawurung; Wathurung; Wadhaurung; Wudjawurung; Witowurrong; Witawurong; Wioura; Wiityahuurong; Wooeewoorong -6733,Wemba-Wemba,,-36.79503148,145.3852416,wemb1241,xww,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xww,Wambawamba; Wambo Wambo; Wemba; Gorrmjanyuk; Gourrmjanyuk; Waamba; Waimbiwaimbi; Wamba; Wamba-wamba; Weumba; Womba; Yamba; Yambayamba; Wemba Wemba; Wembawemba -6734,Woiwurrung,,-37.64264501,145.5879962,woiw1237,wyi,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wyi,Bayry-Binip; Coraloon; Djadjuwuru; Douta Galla; Doutta Galla; Dutagall; Dutigalla; Gungung-willam; Gunungwillam; Jacka Jacka; Jacky Jacky; Jaga Jaga; Jagger Jagger; Jigga Jigga; Kukeruk; Kukuruk; Kurunjang; Melbourne dialect; Mort Noular; Mortnoular; N' uther Galla; Ngarukwillam; N'uther Galla; Nuthergalla; Oorongie; Oorongir; Port Phillip; Urunjeri; Waarengbadawa; Waewarung; Wainworra; Wairwaioo; Waoorong; Warerong; Warorong; Warwaroo; Warweroo; Warworong; Wauerong; Wavarong; Wave ver rong; Waverang; Wavererong; Waverong; Wa-ver-ong; Wavoorong; Wavoo-rong; Wavorong; Wawarong; Wawaurrong; Wawoorong; Wa-woorong; Wawoo-rong; Waworong; Wa-wo-rong; Waworung; Wawroonong; Wawurong; Wawurrong; Wayoerong; Woeewoorong; Woeworong; Woeworun; Woeworung; Woewo-rung; Woewurong; Woe-wu-rrong; Woewurung; Woe-wurung; Woeywurong; Woey-wurung; Woi worung; Woi wurrung; Woi wurung; Woiwoeung; Woiworung; Woiwurong; Woiwurra; Woi-wurrong; Woiwurru; Woi-wurru; Woiwuru; Woiwurung; Woi-Wurung; Wooeewoorong; Woororong; Woovoorong; Wooworong; Worworong; Wowerong; Wowoorong; Wurrundyirra-baluk; Wurrunjeri; Wurundjeri; Wurunjeri; Wurunjerri; Wurunjerri-baluk; Wuywurrung; Yarra; Yarra River; Yarra Yar; Yarra Yarra -6736,Wotjobaluk,,-35.82104542,141.4179142,wotj1234,xwt,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xwt,Guli-ballaiuk; Watjo; Wattyabullak; Woitu-bullar; Wotjbaluk; Wotjo; Wotjo-ba-laiuruk; Wotjobalak; Wotjobalek; Wotjoballaiuk; Wotjoballuck; Wotjoballuk; Wotjo-balluk; Wotjo-baluk; Wotjobolak; Wotjobuluk; Woychibirik; Wudjubalug; Wudjubaluk; Wutjubaluk; Wuttyabullak; Wuttyubullak; Wutyuballeak -674,Amahuaca,,-10.8764,-72.29,amah1246,amc,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,amc,Amawaka; Ameuhaque; Sayaco; Ipitineri; Amaguaco; Amawaka language area -6740,Yabula-Yabula,,-35.76116312,145.2320913,yabu1234,yxy,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,yxy,Jabulajabula; Narinari; Yabala-Yabala; Yabola; Yabulla; Yabbilyabbila; Yabbil-Yabbila; Yabula-yabula; Yillib-Yilliba; Yullaba Yullaba; Jabalajabala; Yabula Yabula; Maraban; Maragan; Moiraduban; Moitheriban; Ngarrimowro; Owanguttha; Pallaganmiddah; Panggarang; Waningotbun; Yoorta; Yurt -6741,Yanda,,-21.917567,140.772457,yand1251,yda,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yda,Janda; Yunda -6742,Yardliyawarra,,-29.79542818,141.7735309,yard1234,yxl,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yxl,Yardliwarra; Yadliura; Arabatura; Jadliaura; Wonoka; Aluri; Alury; Arkaba-tura; Arkabatura; Eura; Jadlijawara; Jadloori; Yadliaura; Yadlikowera; Yadliyawarra; Yadlouri; Yaldikowera; Yardliyawara -6744,Yawijibaya,,-16.14740026,123.3986329,yawi1239,jbw,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,jbw,Jawdjobara; Yaudjibara; Yawjibarra; Jawdjibara; Jaudjibara; Jawdjibaia; Yaudjibaia; Yawjibara; Jawadjag; Winjawindjagu; Bergalgu; Jadjiba; Jadjibaia; Jaudjibaia; Jaudji-Bara; Jawutjubar; Yaujibaia -6747,Yitha-Yitha,,-33.9470874,141.5854211,yith1234,xth,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xth,Yitha Yitha; Eetha-eetha; Eethee Eethee; Eethie-eethie; Ita-ita; Ithi-ithi; Iti-iti; Tjuop; Yetho; Yitsa; Yit-tha -675,Anal,,24.1517,93.9385,anal1239,anm,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,anm,Namfau -676,Andoque,,-0.666666666667,-72.0,ando1256,ano,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ano,Andoke; Cho'oje; Patsiaehé; Businka; Cha'oie; Paasi-ahá; Paasiaja -677,Assiniboine,,48.4466,-114.8783,assi1247,asb,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,asb,Assiniboin; Stoney; Hohe; Assinaboin; Nakon -6770,Ayerreyenge,,-23.699,133.88,ayer1246,axe,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,axe,Jaroinga; Jarionga; Yaroinga; Yarroinga; Yorrowinga; Yarrowin; Yuruwinga; Bularnu; Ayerrerenge; Aroinga; Yaringa; Yorrawinga; Jurangka; Manda; Pulanja; Bulanja; Bulanu; aroinga -6772,Batyala,,-25.44486229,153.1539929,baty1234,xby,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xby,Badtjala; Batjala; Ngulungbara; Butchulla; Badjela; Badtala; Badyala; Bidhala; Dulingbara; Gnoolongbara; Koolaburra; Olungbura; Patyala; Thoorgine -6773,Bibbulman,,-34.141362,115.943785,bibb1234,xbp,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xbp,Pibelmen; Pepelman; Peopleman; Piblemen; Bibulman; Bibulmun; Bibu:lmoun; Bibbulmun; Bebleman; Pibilum; Bibilum; Bajongwongi; Bibilum; Bibuulmoun; Meeraman; Murram -6776,Buandig,,-37.53325,140.745717,bung1264,xbg,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xbg,Buwandik; Booandik; Buandic; Buganditch; Booganitch; Bungandidjk; Bak-on-date; Bangandidj; Barconedeet; Boandik; Boandiks; Booandik-ngolo; Borandikngolo; Buandik; Buanditj; Bungaditj; Bungandaetch; Bungandaetcha; Bungandaitj; Bunganditj; Bunganditjngolo; Bungandit; Buwandik -6777,Dhungaloo,,,,dhun1239,dhx,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dhx, -6779,Gubbi Gubbi,,-25.44486229,153.1539929,kabi1260,gbw,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gbw,Gabi-Gabi; Gabi; Kabikabi; Kabi Kabi; Cabee; Carby; Carby-carbery; Dhapil; Dhipil; Dippil; Dipple; Doon-dooburra; Doondoora; Dowarburra; Dundubara; Dunduura; Gabigabi; Kabbi; Kabi; Kahby; Karabi; Karbi; Maiba -678,Asuriní of Xingú,,-3.9095,-52.4707,xing1248,asn,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,asn,Asuriní de coatinema; Asurini do Xingu; Asuriní do Koatinema; Awaeté; Xingú Asuriní; Assurinikin -6780,Githabul,,-28.69783052,151.9693704,cond1242,gih,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,gih,Gidhabal; Gidabal; Kidabal; Kidjabal; Kitta-bool; Kita-bool; Kittabool; Kitabool; Kitapul; Gidabul; Gidjoobal; Kuttibul; Noowidal; Githebul -6781,Golpa,,-12.03482157,135.565923,golp1234,lja,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lja,Kolpa; Golbu; Gorlba. Girrkirr -6782,Goreng,,-33.906896,118.50317,gore1235,xgg,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xgg,Koreng; Ko:rengi; Kuriny; Corine; Coro-ran; Bremer Bay tribe; Warangu; Warrangoo; Warranger; Warrangle; Kaialiwongi; Kokar; Koorengi; Mongup -6784,Guwa,,-22.390714,142.200165,guwa1242,xgw,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xgw,Goa; Goamulgo; Coa; Coah; Koa -6785,Janday,,-27.56865,153.462392,jand1248,jan,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,jan,Jandai; Koenpel; Goenpul; Coobenpil; Jendairwal; Djandai; Jundai; Dsandai; Tchandi; Noogoon; Djendewal; Janday -6787,Kungkari,,-24.976099,143.194084,kuun1236,lku,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,lku,Gunggari; Kuungkari; Koonkerri; Kunggari; Kungeri; Koongerri -6788,Lower Southern Aranda,,-25.63325931,135.4326846,lowe1436,axl,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,axl,Aldolanga; Aldolinga; Alitera; Aranda; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunndta; Arunta; Arunta Bu; Arunta Ulpma; Eastern Aranda; Lower Aranda; Southern Aranda; Western Aranda -6789,Mathi-Mathi,,-34.13829932,143.6694397,madh1244,dmd,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dmd,Madhi Madhi; Madhimadhi; Madi Madi; Muti muti; Mutte Mutte; Matimati; Madi-madi; Mataua; Moorta Moorta; Matthee-matthee -679,Atsugewi,,40.75,-121.0,atsu1245,atw,Palaihnihan,dormant,ISO 639-3,atw,Atsugewi; Hat Creek -6790,Minjungbal,,-28.71099279,153.5701791,twee1234,xjb,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xjb,Minyangbal; Minyung; Minyowa; Gendo; Gando Minjang; Gan-dowal; Ngandowul; Cood-jingburra; Cudgingberry; Minjangbal -6793,Nyiyaparli,,-22.776182,119.188957,nija1241,xny,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xny,Njiabali; Njijabali; Iabali; Janari; Jana; Niabali; Njiabadi; Njijabadi; Njijapali; Nyiyabali; Nyiyapali; Nyiypali -6794,Olkol,,-15.2,142.4,olko1234,olk,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,olk,Koka-ollugul; Koko Olkol; Koko Olkolo; Koko-olkol; Olcoola; Olgolo; Ol’kol; Olkulo; Ulkulu; Wulgulu -6796,Pirriya,,-25.562265,142.13768,pirr1240,xpa,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xpa,Birria; Biria; Bidia; Piria -6798,Thiinma,,-23.644524,116.672973,thii1234,iin,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,iin,Thiin; Te:n; Teen; Deen; Deenma; Denma; Dhiyin; Dhiyinma; Teenma; Tenma; Thenma -6799,Unggarranggu,,-16.4794917,123.6668837,ungg1244,xun,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xun,Unggarrangu; Unggarangi; Oonggarrangoo; Uŋgaranji; Uŋgaraŋi; Ongkarango; Ungarangi; Ungaranji; Unggaranggu -6800,Wadi-Wadi,,,,wadi1260,xwd,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xwd,Wadi Wadi; Wathiwathi; Watthiwatthi; Wattewatte; Watty-watty; Wotti-wotti; Withaija; Wohdi Wohdi; Wadiwadi; Watte; Watte Watte; Watte-Watte; Watte watte; Wotte Wotte; Watty Watty; Wot te Wot te; Wathi-Wathi; Watty-Watty; Wa-thi-wa-thi; Wati wati; Wathi wathi; Wathi-wathi; Ouotti-Ouotti; Wathie Waithie; Wattee Wattee; Wathi-Watthi; Watthi-watthi; Watthi Watthi; Watty tribe; Wattu Wattu [Wati = no]; Wathi Wathi; Watti-watti; Watti Watti; Wati wathi; Wotty-wotty; Wotty Wotty; Wotty-Wotty; Wotty; Wati-wati; Wotti Wotti; Wata Wata; Wata; Wadi-wadi; Woani; Woonyi; Swan Hill tribe; Swan Hill and Tyntynder dialects; Piangill blacks; Piangil dialect; Piangil; Biangil; Dacournditch -6802,Wajuk,,-31.807561,116.251402,waju1234,xwj,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xwj,Beelia; Beeloo; Derbal; Ilakuri wongi; Juadjag; Juadjuk; Karakata; Karrakatta; Minalnjunga; Minnal Yungar; Wadjug; Wadjuk; Wadjup; Wadyuk; Whadjuk; Whajook; Witjaari; Yooadda; Yooard; Yoongar; Yuard; Yuatjek; Yungar; Yungur -6803,Wangkumara,,-27.10148693,143.1961902,wong1246,xwk,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xwk,Wongkumara; Wangumarra; Karenggapa; Ngantangarra -6804,Yagara,,-27.87647555,152.4602773,yaga1262,yxg,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,yxg,Yuggera; Jagara; Jagarabal; Jergarbal; Yaggara; Yuggara; Yugg-ari; Yackarabul; Turubul; Turrbal; Turrubul; Turrubal; Terabul; Tor-bul; Turibul; Yerongban; Yeronghan; Ninghi; Yerongpan; Biriin; Cateebil; Jagera; Jinibara -6806,Yaraldi,,-35.5755995,139.2054327,yara1254,,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,1js,Jarildekald; Yarrildie; Yaralde; arilde; Jaraldi; Yarildewallin -6807,Yarluyandi,,-25.83704896,139.5843623,yarl1238,yry,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yry,Jeljujendi; Yelyuyendi; Yarleeyandee; Yelyayendi -6808,Yinhawangka,,-23.91785237,117.5628279,yinh1234,ywg,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ywg,Inawangga; Inawongga; Ngaunmardi. Nalawonga; Ngalawongga; Ngalawonga; Ngarla; Ngarla-warngga -681,Avá,,-14.0847,-48.0418,avac1239,avv,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,avv,Avá-Canoeiro; Canoeiros; Canoe; Canoa; Abá; Awana; Canoeiro; Ava-Canoeiro; Awana; Awá; Guajá; Awá Guajá; Ayaya; Wazaizara; Ava -682,Awakateko,,15.4166666667,-91.3333333333,agua1252,agu,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agu,Aguacatec; Aguacateco; Awakatek -684,Awetí,,-12.2053,-53.3705,awet1244,,Tupian,endangered,Glottolog,awet1244,Awety; Awetö; Aueto; Aueti; Auiti; Auití; Aweti; Auetö -685,Ayoreo,,-18.719,-59.6228,ayor1240,ayo,Zamucoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayo,Ayoré; Zamuco; Morotoco; Moro; Pyeta Yovai; Ayuréo; Avoreo; Pyeta; Yovai -686,Barí,,9.0261,-73.2678,bari1297,mot,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mot,Motilón; Motilon; Motilone; Dobokubí; Dobocubi; Dobocubí; Motilón (Chibchan); Barira; Cunausaya -687,Bribri,,9.4813,-82.6174,brib1243,bzd,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzd,Talamanca; Viceita; Duit; Viceyta; Viceíta -6909,Adamorobe Sign Language,,5.859378,-0.197951,adam1238,ads,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ads, -6949,Yucatec Maya,,18.78,-88.96,yuca1254,yua,Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,yua,Maayat'aan; máayaʼ tʼáan; mayaʼ tʼàan; Yukateko; Maya (Yucatan); Yucatec(o) Proper; Maya; Yucatán Maya; Peninsular Maya; Yucateco -6969,Taruma,,2.515,-59.5678,taru1236,tdm,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tdm,Aroaqui; Taruamá -6990,Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language,,10.5,-61.2,trin1277,lst,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,lst,Trinidad Sign Language; TTSL; TSL -6991,Malian Sign Language,,12.65,-8.0,bama1249,bog,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bog,Mali Sign Language; Langue des Signes Malienne; LaSiMa; Bamako Sign Language; LSM; Langue des signes bambara -6993,Ban Khor Sign Language,,16.0,103.0,bank1251,bfk,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfk, -6994,Original Laos Sign Language,,18.39,104.52,laos1235,lso,,,ISO 639-3,lso, -6996,Mexican Sign Language,,19.433333,-99.133333,mexi1237,mfs,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfs,Lenguaje de Signos Mexicano; Lenguaje Manual Mexicana; Lenguaje de las Manos LSM; LSM; Lenguaje de las Manos -6997,Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language,,10.79,106.68,hoch1237,hos,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,hos,ngôn ngữ ký hiệu thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; HCMCSL; NNKHTPHCM; Southern Vietnamese Sign Language; Vietnamese Sign Language -6998,Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language,,30.377614,34.886169,alsa1242,syy,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,syy,ABSL -6999,Providencia Sign Language,,13.35,-81.37,prov1243,prz,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,prz,Providence Island Sign Language -7000,Yucatec Maya Sign Language,,20.5,-89.0,yuca1236,msd,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,msd,Nohya Sign Language -7001,Argentine Sign Language,,-34.8,-59.18,arge1236,aed,,,ISO 639-3,aed,Lengua de Señas Argentina; LSA -7002,Bolivian Sign Language,,-16.499,-68.146,boli1236,bvl,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvl, -7004,Chilean Sign Language,,-32.78,-70.67,chil1264,csg,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csg,Lengua de Señas Chilena; LSCh; Lenguaje Chileno de Signos; Lenguaje de Señas; LENSE -7005,Colombian Sign Language,,4.583333,-74.066667,colo1249,csn,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csn, -7006,Original Costa Rican Sign Language,,9.89,-84.12,orig1234,,Sign Language,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1a4,Old Costa Rican Sign Language -7007,Urubú-Kaapor Sign Language,,-2.54,-46.42,urub1243,uks,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uks,Urubú Sign Language -701,Western Abenaki,,44.0,-72.25,west2630,abe,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,abe,Abenaki (Western); Abnaki (Western); Abnaki; Western; Abenaki; Abenaqui; St. Francis; Abnaki; St Francis -7069,Tjupany,,-27.11796,120.56642,pini1245,,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kp,Tjupany -7109,Ecuadorian Sign Language,,-0.144957,-78.496198,ecua1243,ecs,Sign Language,at risk,ISO 639-3,ecs, -7110,Guatemalan Sign Language,,14.5,-90.57,guat1249,gsm,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,gsm,Lensegua -7111,Honduras Sign Language,,14.62,-87.22,hond1239,hds,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,hds,LESHO -7112,Nicaraguan Sign Language,,12.25,-86.34,nica1238,ncs,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ncs,Idioma de Senas de Nicaragua -7113,Quebec Sign Language,,46.0,-74.87,queb1245,fcs,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,fcs,Langue Signe Quebecars; Langue des Signes Québécoise; LSQ; Langue des Signes du Québec -7114,Panamanian Sign Language,,9.217056,-79.642266,pana1308,lsp,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsp,Lengua de Señas Panameñas (LSP); Spanish Sign Language -7115,Peruvian Sign Language,,-11.9,-76.82,peru1235,prl,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,prl,Lenguaje de Señas Peruanas; Lenguaje de Señas Peruano; Lengua de Signos Peruana; LSP -7116,Puerto Rican Sign Language,,18.46,-66.09,puer1237,psl,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,psl,PRSL -7117,Salvadoran Sign Language,,13.7,-89.6,salv1237,esn,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,esn,El Salvadoran Sign Language; Lengua de Señas Salvadoreñas; LESSA -7118,Venezuelan Sign Language,,10.33,-66.77,vene1237,vsl,,,ISO 639-3,vsl,Lengua de Señas Venezolana -7119,Uruguayan Sign Language,,-34.6,-56.45,urug1238,ugy,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ugy,Lengua de Señas Uruguaya; LSU -7170,Tangam,,29.1473,94.5538,tang1377,,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-tan, -7171,Pailibo,,28.2463,95.3668,pail1243,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-pai,Palibo -7172,Minyong,,28.2632,95.0537,miny1239,,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-min,Padam-Minyong Adi -7173,Yaw,,21.6,94.8333,yaww1238,,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,mya-yaw,ယော -7175,Alipur Sign Language,,13.486,77.452,alip1234,,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1kt,APSL -7176,Bribri Sign Language,,9.4,-83.05,brib1244,,Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,1ku, -7177,Brunca Sign Language,,8.83333333333,-83.25,brun1247,,Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,1kv, -7178,Catalan Sign Language,,41.38711263243966,2.176666259765625,cata1241,csc,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csc,Llengua de Signes Catalana; Llengua Catalana de Signes; Lengua de Signos Catalana -7179,Estonian Sign Language,,58.95,24.57,esto1238,eso,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,eso,Viipekeel -7180,Finnish-Swedish Sign Language,,62.111,26.328,finl1235,fss,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,fss,Finland-Swedish Sign Language; Suomenruotsalainen Vittomakieli; Finlandssvenskt Teckenspråk -7181,Hai Phong Sign Language,,20.861,106.68,haip1238,haf,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,haf,HPSL; NNKHHP; Vietnamese Sign Language; ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Hải Phòng -7182,Hanoi Sign Language,,21.033,105.849,hano1243,hab,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,hab,ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Hà Nội; Ha Noi Sign Language; HNSL; NNKHHN; Vietnamese Sign Language; Northern Vietnamese Sign Language -7184,Hong Kong Sign Language,,22.302,114.171,hong1241,hks,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,hks,Heung Kong Sau Yue; 香港手語 -7185,Jakarta Sign Language,,-6.211,106.845,indo1291,,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1kx, -7186,Jamaican Country Sign Language,,17.891695,-77.644483,jama1256,jcs,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,jcs,Konchri Sain; Country Sign -7187,Original Bangkok Sign Language,,13.727,100.524,oldb1247,,Sign Language,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kw,Old Bangkok Sign Language -7189,Penang Sign Language,,5.38,100.25,pena1248,psg,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,psg, -7190,Selangor Sign Language,,3.13,101.61,sela1253,kgi,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,kgi,KLSL; Kuala Lumpur Sign Language -7191,Sri Lankan Sign Language,,7.11,79.86,sril1237,sqs,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sqs, -7192,Tebul Sign Language,,14.577499,-3.082291,tebu1240,tsy,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,tsy, -7193,Yogyakarta Sign Language,,-7.797,110.368,yogy1234,,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1ky, -7209,Martha's Vineyard Sign Language,,43.77,-70.74,mart1251,mre,Sign Language,dormant,ISO 639-3,mre,MVSL -721,Archi,,41.9839,46.8127,arch1244,aqc,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aqc,арчинский язык; аршаттен чIат; Archintsy; Archin; Arshashdib; Archib; Archsel; არჩიბული ენა -7229,Baikeno,,-9.33,124.26,baik1238,bkx,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bkx,Baikenu; Vaikenu; Vaikino; Biqueno; Ambeno; Ambenu; Uab Meto; Uab Pah Meto; Oecussi; Oe Cusi; Oekusi -7230,Bunak,,-9.160082,125.259737,buna1278,bfn,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bfn,Buna; Buna'; Bunake; Bunaq -7249,Aluo,,25.9368,102.1839,aluo1235,yna,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,yna,阿羅語; Ala; Naluo; Yala; Lila; Laka; Gan Yi -7250,Ayizi,,24.5964,103.7329,ayiz1244,yyz,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yyz,阿夷子語 -7251,Chesu,,24.4211,102.0459,ches1238,ych,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ych,車蘇 -7252,Kazhuo,,24.0959,102.5463,kats1235,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,1hl,卡卓語 -7253,Samatao,,24.9359,102.7935,sama1295,ysd,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ysd,Samaduo; Samou; Samataw; 撒慕; 撒馬多; Eastern Samadu -7254,Sanie,,24.9262,102.5134,sani1265,ysy,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ysy, -7256,Salvadoran Lenca,,13.72,-88.118,lenc1243,,Lencan,dormant,LINGUIST List,062,Chilanga -7289,Chungli,,26.321,94.515,chon1286,,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,njo-cho,Ao-Chungli; Chongli; Tśungli; Chungli Ao; Chongli Ao -7290,Manange,,28.665,84.023,mana1288,nmm,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmm,Manang; Manangba; Ngyeshang -7309,Tuva,,48.44,92.67,tuvi1240,tyv,Turkic,at risk,ISO 639-3,tyv,Tuvin; Tyva; Tuvan; Tuvia; Tokha; Soyot; Soyon; Soyod; Tannu-Tuva; Tuba; Tuvinian; Uriankhai; Uriankhai-Monchak; Uryankhai; Diba; Kök Mungak; Tuwa; Uryankhai-Monchak; Tuva-Uriankhai; Tuwa-Uriankhai; Sayan Samoyedic; Urjanchaisch; Sojonisch; Sojotisch; Tuvinisch; Uriangkhai; Karagas; South Siberian Turkic; тыва дыл; tyva dyl; тувинский язык; Тува хэл; Tuvaca -7329,Balti,,35.900731,74.409599,balt1258,bft,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,bft,Sbalti; Baltistani; Bhotia of Baltistan; Baltī; Sbalt; Bhōṭiā of Baltistan -7352,Czech Sign Language,,50.01,14.48,czec1253,cse,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cse, -7353,Danish Sign Language,,55.83,12.32,dani1246,dsl,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,dsl, -7354,Dutch Sign Language,,52.13,4.91,dutc1253,dse,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dse,Sign Language of the Netherlands; SLN; Nederlandse Gebarentaal; NGT -7355,Finnish Sign Language,,60.66,25.07,finn1310,fse,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,fse,Viittomakieli -7356,Flemish Sign Language,,50.8,4.31,vlaa1235,vgt,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,vgt,South Belgium Sign Language; North Belgium Sign Language; Vlaamse Gebarentaal; VGT -7357,Norwegian Sign Language,,60.77,10.24,norw1255,nsl,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,nsl, -7358,Portuguese Sign Language,,38.55,-8.53,port1277,psr,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,psr,Lingua Gestual Portuguesa -7359,Swedish Sign Language,,58.93,16.11,swed1236,swl,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,swl, -7360,Swiss-French Sign Language,,46.72,6.78,swis1241,ssr,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,ssr,Langage Gestuelle; Langue des Signes Suisse romande; LSF-SR -7361,Swiss-German Sign Language,,47.11,9.08,swis1240,sgg,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,sgg,Natürliche Gebärde; Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache; DSGS -7362,Swiss-Italian Sign Language,,46.31,8.79,swis1235,slf,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,slf,Lingua dei Segni Italiana; LIS-SI -7369,Gizrra,,-9.183,142.804,gizr1240,tof,Eastern Trans-Fly,threatened,ISO 639-3,tof,Gizra; Toga -7371,Lehali,,-13.5,167.33,leha1243,tql,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tql,Teqel; Tekel -7372,Mota,,-13.82,167.69,mota1237,mtt,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mtt,Banks-Inseln -7373,Lemerig,,-13.846,167.442,leme1238,lrz,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lrz,Sasar; Banks-Inseln -7374,Tangkhul Naga,,25.05,94.36,tang1336,nmf,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmf,Tangkhul; Tagkhul; Thangkhulm; Champhung; Luhuppa; Luppa; Somra; Naga (Tangkhul); Kupome; Luhupa; Central Luhupa; Northern Luhupa; Tangkul; Tśamphung -7389,Chaudangsi,,29.7,80.48,chau1259,cdn,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cdn,Bangba Lo; Bangbani; Chanpa Lo; Chaudans Lo; Saukas; Shaukas; Tsaudangsi; Bangba Lwo; Sauka; Shauka -7409,San Francisco Bay Costanoan,,37.432821,-121.900755,nort2969,cst,Utian,awakening,ISO 639-3,cst,Čočenyo; Northern Costanoan; Northern Ohlone; Chocheño; Chochenyo; Costanoan -7452,Khwe,,-18.01008,22.434082,kxoe1243,xuu,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,xuu,Kxoe; Khoe; Buga; Mbarakwena; Barakwena; Barakwengo; Hukwe; !Hukwe; Xuhwe; Xu; Zama; Vazama; Cazama; Mbarakwengo; Glanda-Khwe; Schekere; Mbara Kwengo; Kxoedam; Khwedam; Xun -7489,Hausa Sign Language,,12.00696,8.537304,haus1246,hsl,,,ISO 639-3,hsl,Hausa Sign Language; Maganar Hannu; Maganar Bebaye -7569,Purepecha,,19.573242,-102.021011,,,Isolate,threatened,,tsz; pua,Tarascan; Tarasco; Phorhépecha; Porhé; P'orhépecha -7589,Totontepec Mixe,,17.2157,-96.0179,toto1305,mto,Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mto,Northern Highland Mixe; Ayuk; Northwestern Mixe -7590,Southern Highland Mixe,,17.027241,-96.076791,tlah1239,mxp,Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxp,Tlahuitoltepec Mixe; West Central Mixe -7591,Midland Mixe,,16.94702,-96.014028,,,Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,,mxq; neq,South Central Mixe; Atitlán Mixe; Mixe de Atitlán; Northeastern Mixe -761,Ahtna,,62.7547,-144.3164,ahte1237,aht,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aht,Ahtena; Nabesna; Tanana; Ah-tena; Atna; Copper River; Mednovskiy -7649,Koro (India),,27.1667,92.6312,koro1316,jkr,,endangered,ISO 639-3,jkr,Aka; Hrusso; Angka; Angkae; Tenae; Gusso -7709,Lehar,,14.951791,-16.818728,leha1242,cae,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cae,Lala; Laalaa -7710,Ndut,,14.91269,-16.993375,ndut1239,ndv,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ndv,Ndoute -7711,Paloor,,14.777017,-16.985136,palo1243,fap,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fap,Palor; Falor; Palar; Sili; Sili-Sili; Waro -7712,Ejamat,,12.3,-16.4,ejam1238,eja,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,eja,Ediamat; Fulup; Feloup; Felup; Felupe; Floup; Flup -7713,Bassari,,12.4529,-13.3495,bass1258,bsc,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bsc,Basari; Tenda Basari; Biyan; Onëyan; Onian; Ayan; Wo -7714,Mbulungish,,10.8553,-14.7372,mbul1258,mbv,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbv,Baga Foré; Baga Monson; Monshon; Monchon; Bulunits; Longich; Black Baga -7715,Mansoanka,,12.065257,-15.319135,mans1259,msw,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,msw,Sua; Mansoanca; Maswanka; Kunant; Kunante -7716,Landoma,,10.8753,-14.0895,land1256,ldm,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ldm,Landouman; Landuma; Tyapi; Tyopi; Tiapi; Cocoli; Temne; Tyop -7717,Gusilay,,12.7761,-16.5026,gusi1246,gsl,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gsl,Kusiilaay; Gusilaay; Gusiilay; Kusilay -7750,Damakawa,,11.094861,5.506107,dama1268,dam,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dam,Tidama'un -7769,Tsuvadi,,10.797223,5.365936,tsuv1239,tvd,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,tvd,Kambari; Avadi; Abadi; Evadi; Kamberi; Ibeto; Tsuva'di -781,Tshwa,,-21.135745,25.958977,tsoa1238,hio,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,hio,Cuaa; Cua; Hiechware; Chware; Tsoa; Sarwa; Shua; Sesarwa; Haitshuari; Hietshware; Hiotshuwau; Hiochuwau; Tshuwau; Chuwau; Gabake-Ntshori; G||abake; Masarwa; Tati; Tati Bushman; Kwe-Etshori Kwee; Kwe; Kwe-Tshori; Haitshuwau; G//abake; Kwee; Tshoa; Cire-cire -7810,Biafada,,11.537292,-15.227014,biaf1240,bif,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bif,Beafada; Biafar; Bidyola; Bedfola; Dfola; Fada; Ganjoola -7811,Dangaleat,,12.1517,18.385,dang1274,daa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,daa,Dangla; Danal; Dangal; Dangaléat -7849,Mapudungun,,-40.0791,-71.0156,mapu1245,arn,Araucanian,threatened,ISO 639-3,arn,Mapudungu; Mapuzugun; Araucano; Maputongo; Mapuche; Araucanian; Auca -7870,Malé,,5.386336,36.885738,male1284,mdy,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mdy,Maale; Male; Maalé -7871,Kenuzi,,24.153025,32.880436,kenu1243,xnz,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xnz,Kenuz; Kunuzi; Kenzi; Nubian (Kunuz); Kenzy -7929,Ibani,,4.49119,7.23558,iban1261,iby,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,iby,Bonny; Ubani; Ịjọ -7930,Southeast Ijo,,4.44235,6.32192,sout2774,ijs,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ijs,Ijaw; Brass Ijo; Ịjọ -7931,Kirike,,4.41126,6.98938,kiri1254,okr,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,okr,Okrika; Ịjọ -7932,Oruma,,4.9377,6.38295,orum1241,orr,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,orr,Ịjọ -7933,Okodia,,5.29237,6.44113,okod1238,okd,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,okd,Okordia; Akita; Ịjọ -7934,Izon,,4.965088,5.905151,izon1238,ijc,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ijc,Ijo (Kolokuma); Izo; Uzo; Ijo; Ijaw; Central-Western Ijo; Ịjọ -7935,Biseni,,5.40296,6.51646,bise1238,ije,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ije,Buseni; Amegi; Northeast Central Ijo; Ịjọ -7936,Kalabari,,4.53194,6.69539,kala1381,ijn,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ijn,Ịjọ -7949,Kara,,9.99526,22.9947,kara1482,kah,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kah,Fer; Dam Fer; Fertit; Kara (in Central African Republic) -7969,Hamer-Bana-Kara,,5.06515,36.5176,hame1242,amf,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amf,Hamer; Hamer-Banna; Hamar-Koke; Hammercoche; Amarcocche; Cocche; Beshada; Hammer; Hamar; Amer; Amar; Ammar; Banna; Bana; Kara Kerre; etc. -7989,Awngi,,11.086775,36.583614,awng1244,awn,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,awn,Awiya; Awi; Agaw; Agau; Agew; Agow; Awawar; Damot; Kwollanyoch; Hawiya -8009,Jola-Fonyi,,12.75752,-15.7354766667,jola1263,dyo,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,dyo,Kújoolaak Kati Fooñi; Kujamataak; Jola-Fogny; Diola-Fogny; Dyola; Jóola; Jola; Yola -801,Dama,,8.62583,14.198258,dama1267,dmm,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dmm, -802,Pam,,8.553183,14.336472,pamm1242,pmn,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pmn, -8030,Baale,,5.583184,35.188351,bale1254,,Surmic,threatened,LINGUIST List,koe-baa,Baalesi; Baallessiye; Baaye; Bale; Dok; Ðok; Dhok; Dhuak; Kachepo; Kec̆ipo; Kic̆epo; Zilmamo; Zilmamu -804,Kabalai,,9.465995,16.27482,kaba1292,kvf,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kvf,Kaba-Lai; Kabalay; Kabalaye; Keb-Kaye; Gablai; Lay; Lai -8049,K'iche',,19.3482,-90.7177,kich1262,quc,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,quc,Kiché; Quiché; Quiche; K'iche'; Central; Central Quiché; Chiquel; Cachabel -8069,Talinga-Bwisi,,0.624835,29.974608,tali1258,tlj,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlj,Talinga; Kitalinga; Lubwisi; Olubwisi; Bwissi; Mawissi; Lubwissi -8089,Kaqchikel,,14.47,-90.99,kaqc1270,,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cak; ckk; cke; ckc; cki; ckj; ckd; ckf; ckw; cbm,Kakchiquel; Kaqchikel; Central; Cakchiquel; Kaqchiquel; Kachiquel -8090,Q'eqchi',,15.38,-89.25,kekc1242,kek,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kek,K'ekchí; Kekch; Kekchi; Qeqchi'; Quecchi'; Cacche'; Ketchi'; Kekchi'; Kekchí -8091,Mam,,14.8,-91.72,mamm1241,mam,Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mam,Qyo:l -8111,Aymara,,-17.1417,-70.3442,sout2996,ayc,Aymaran,at risk,ISO 639-3,ayc,Aymará; Aymara; Southern; Southern Aymara; 2 varieties: Aymara (Central)/Aymara (Southern); Aimara; Tupe -8112,Huaylas Quechua,,-9.52044,-77.568526,huay1240,qwh,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qwh,Quechua ancashino; Ancash Quechua -8113,Conchucos Quechua,,-9.0,-77.0,,,Quechuan,vulnerable,,qwa; qws; qxn; qxo,Corongo Ancash Quechua; Sihuas Ancash Quechua; Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua; Northern Conchucos Quechua; and Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -8114,Alto Marañón Quechua,,-9.932,-76.242,marg1254,qvm,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvm,Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua; Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua; Upper Marañón Quechua -8115,Huallaga Quechua,,-10.2,-75.8,hual1241,qub,Quechuan,vulnerable,,qub,Upper Huallaga Quechua; Eastern Huánuco Quechua -8116,Laraos Quechua,,,,lara1261,,,,LINGUIST List,qux-lar, -8118,Lincha Quechua,,,,tana1291,,,,LINGUIST List,qux-lin,Lincha; Lincha-Tana; Southern Yauyos Quechua -8121,Cajamarca Quechua,,-7.158438,-78.51262,caja1238,qvc,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qvc,Quechua; Cajamarca; Cajamarca Quechua; Cajamarca Kechua -8122,Chachapoyas Quechua,,-6.197247,-77.830093,chac1250,quk,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quk,Amazonas Quechua; Chachapoyas; Chachapoyas Quechua; Chachapoya -8123,San Martín Quechua,,-6.9582,-76.6608,sanm1289,qvs,Quechuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,qvs,Lamista; Lamista Quechua -8125,Ayacucho Quechua,,-13.85,-74.32,ayac1239,quy,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,quy,Ayacucho; Ayacucho-Chanka; Chanka -8126,Northern Bolivian Quechua,,-14.4,-68.79,nort2976,qul,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,qul,Boliviano; North Bolivian Quechua; North la Paz Quechua; North Bolivian Quechua; Quechua (Bolivian); Bolivia Quechua; Bolivian Quechua -8127,Bolivian Quechua,,-20.92,-66.33,sout2991,quh,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,quh,Boliviano; Quechua; South Bolivian; Central Bolivian Quechua; Quechua Boliviano; South Bolivian Quechua; Quechua (Bolivian); Bolivia Quechua; Cochabamba -8128,Cuzco Quechua,,-13.523176,-71.978731,cusc1236,quz,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,quz,Cusco Quechua; Qheswa; Quechua Cusco; Cusco-Collao -8129,Japréria,,10.55,-72.71,japr1238,jru,Cariban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jru,Japrería; Japreria; Yucpa-Yaprería; Motilón; Yukpa-Japrería; Yaprería -8172,Bangime,,14.797222,-3.761111,bang1363,dba,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dba,Dogon; Bangeri Me; Bangerime; Bangeri-me; Banger-me; Baŋgi me; Numadaw; Numa-Daw; Dyeni; Dyɛni; Yeni; Yɛni; Noumandan; Elebo -8194,Ikorom,,7.06,5.09,ikor1238,,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,ibe-iko, -8195,Alago,,8.110174,9.14293,alag1242,ala,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ala,Aragu; Arago; Argo; Idoma Nokwu -8198,Gansu Bonan,,35.806111,102.772778,bona1250,peh,Mongolic,threatened,ISO 639-3,peh,Islamic Bonan; Moslem Bonan; Baoan; Bao'an; Baonan; Baongan; 甘肅保安語; 積石山保安語 -8199,Qinghai Bonan,,35.52111,102.018333,bona1250,peh,Mongolic,threatened,ISO 639-3,peh,Buddhist Bonan; Baoan; Bao'an; Baonan; Baongan; Bao'an Tu; Dordo; 青海保安語; mistakenly also: Tu; Monguour -8234,Khamnigan Mongol,,49.296,119.797,kham1281,,Mongolic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1lj,Khamnigan; Kamnigan; Hamunikan; Xamnigan; 哈姆尼堪; 汗尼幹蒙古語; хамниганский язык -8249,Khoekhoe,,-20.313721,14.968872,nama1264,naq,Khoe,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,naq,Khoekhoegowap; Khoekhoegowab; Khoe; Bergdama; Nama; Dama; Naman; Namakwa; Namaqua; Maqua; Tama; Tamma; Tamakwa; Berdama; Bergdamara; Damara; Damaqua; Khoi; Khiri; Grikwa; Griqua; Xrikwa; Xirikwa; Gry; Gri; Kakuya Bushman Nasie; Rooi Nasie; Cape Hottentot; Hottentot -8329,Dhao,,-10.82,122.67,dhao1237,nfa,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nfa,Ndao; Dao; Ndaonese; Ndaundau; Kahore -8330,Kula,,-8.2,125.0,kula1280,tpg,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tpg,Lantoka; Lamtoka; Kola; Tanglapui -8349,Upper Silesian,,50.680797,17.878417,sile1253,szl,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,szl,Silesian; ślōnskŏ gŏdka; ślōnski; ślōnskŏ mŏwa; Śląski; Szlonzok; Eng: Silesian; Pol: język śląski; Ces: slezský jazyk -8369,Nyagrong Minyag,,30.833856,100.159607,horp1239,,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,nm0,Minyag; 新龍木雅語 -8390,Siuslaw,,42.653122,-124.358941,sius1254,sis,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,sis,Umpqua; Ku-itc (Kuitsh) -8409,Jejueo,,33.366667,126.533333,jeju1234,jje,Koreanic,endangered,ISO 639-3,jje,제주어; Jejumal; 제주말; Jeju saturi; 제주 사투리; Saturi; 사투리; Jeju bangeon; 제주 방언; 濟州方言; Chejueo; 濟州語; Jejutmal; 제줏말; Jeju Jiyeokeo; 제주 지역어; 濟州地域語 -841,Nkoroo,,4.561549,7.473342,nkor1239,nkx,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nkx,Kirika; Nkoro; Ịjọ -842,Tojolabal,,16.3333333333,-91.5,tojo1241,toj,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,toj,tojolab'al -8429,Pennsylvania German,,47.33,-87.81,penn1240,pdc,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pdc,Pennsylvania Deitsh; Pennsylvanish; Pennsylvania Dutch -843,Koasati,,30.083333,-92.116667,koas1236,cku,Muskogean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cku,Coushatta; Koasáti -845,Central Alaskan Yup'ik,,61.4387,-160.4882,cent2127,esu,Eskimo-Aleut,threatened,ISO 639-3,esu,Yugcestun; Yugtun; Yupik; Yup'ik; 中央アラスカ・ユピック語 -8450,Dela-Oenale,,-10.7663218,123.0741913,dela1251,row,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,row,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Barat; Western Rote; Delha; Oe Nale; Rotti; Dela -8451,Lole,,-10.8069,123.085,lole1239,llg,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,llg,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Tengah; Central Rote; Loleh; Ba'a; Baä -8452,Luang,,-8.18,127.94,luan1263,lex,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lex,Letri Lgona; Literi Lagona; Lgona -846,Chamorro,,13.4323,144.7338,cham1312,cha,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cha; cham1312,CHamoru; Tjamoro; Sprache der Marianen -8469,Ghomara,,35.076581,-4.892731,ghom1257,gho,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gho,Ghumāra; Ghmara; Ghomara Berber -847,Kumeyaay,,32.9359,-116.868,kumi1248,dih,Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,dih,Campo; Comeya; Cuchimí; Kamia; Kamiai; Kamiyahi; Kamiyai; Ki-Miai; Ko'al; Ku'ahl; Kumeyaai; Kumiai; Kumia; Kw'aal; Quemayá; Tipái; Tipai'; Tipéi -848,Jaqaru,,-12.7488,-75.8248,jaqa1244,jqr,Aymaran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jqr,Haqearu; Haqaru; Haq'aru; Aru; Hakaru-Kauki -8489,Senhaja de Srair,,34.881362,-4.611313,senh1238,sjs,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjs,Sanhāja of Srair; Senhajiya; Sanhaja de Srair -849,Lamkang,,24.2569,94.0759,lamk1238,lmk,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lmk, -8490,Figuig,,32.112095,-1.222258,tazn1238,,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,qb8,Berber (Figuig) -850,Łingít (Tlingit),,60.171,-132.7395,tlin1245,tli,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tli,Tlinkit; Thlinget; Inland Tlingit; Lingit; Kolosch; Kolosh -8509,Tetserret,,15.406024,6.26976,tets1235,,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1nl, -851,Yaqui,,32.1158,-111.0638,yaqu1251,yaq,Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yaq,Yaki; Cahita; Yaqui-Mayo; Kahita; Yoeme -852,Shiwilu,,-5.41666666667,-76.5,jebe1250,jeb,Cahuapanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jeb,Xiwilu; Jebero; Chébero; Jébero; Xihuila; Xébero; Xevero; Xebero; Chebero; Hevero -8529,Northern Mansi,,62.6539,63.1494,mans1258,,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1nt,Northern Vogul; Sos'va; северно-мансийский язык; Northern Man'si; вогульский; маньси; моаньсь -853,Wiyot,,40.8333333333,-124.166666667,wiyo1248,wiy,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,wiy,Wishosk; Kowilth; Wiyoshk; Weyot -8530,Eastern Mansi,,60.7752,67.6098,cent2322,,Uralic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1nu,Eastern Vogul; восточно-мансийский язык; кондинский-мансийский язык; Konda; вогульский язык; маньси; моаньсь; Eastern Man'si -8549,Western Mansi,,61.1432,62.4023,sout3253,,Uralic,dormant,LINGUIST List,1od,Western Vogul; Pelym; западно-мансийский язык; Vogul; West Vogul; вогульский; маньси; моаньсь -855,Tolowa,,41.9566,-124.1915,tolo1259,tol,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,tol,Smith River; Chetco-Tolowa; Tolowa-Chetco; Smith River Athabaskan; Chetco; Siletz Dee-ni -8550,Northern Khanty,,63.7047,66.676,nort3264,,Uralic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1of,Northern Khant; Ostyak; северно-хантыйский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; khănty yasăŋ; Northern Khante; Ostyak; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak -8551,Southern Khanty,,60.4301,69.9829,sout3226,,Uralic,dormant,LINGUIST List,1og,Southern Khant; Ostyak; южно-хантыйский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; Southern Khante; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak; остяцкий язык -8552,Eastern Khanty,,59.973386,74.439999,east2774,,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ok,Eastern Khant; Ostyak; восточно-хантыйский язык; кантыкский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; khănty yasăŋ; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak; остяцкий язык; Eastern Khante -8553,Northern Selkup,,65.7035,82.4441,tazz1244,,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1oo,Taz Selkup; šöľqumyt әty; северноселькупский язык; śöľqup; шӧльӄумыт әты; тазовский селькупский язык; pohjoisselkuppi; Sel'kup; Sölkup; Sölqup; Söl'qup; Ostyak Samoyed; Tas Selkup -8554,Central Selkup,,59.8903,82.0129,cent2328,,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1op,Narym; Tym Selkup; čumyľ qumyt әty; чумыль ӄумыт әты; центральный селькупский язык; Middle Selkup; Ostyak Samoyed; narymin selkupin kieli; narymin selkuppi -8555,Southern Selkup,,59.964395,83.932541,sout3262,,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1or,Ket Selkup; южноселькупский язык; tüj qumyt әty; šöš qumyt әty; śüssü qumyt әty; tüjqum; šöšqum; śüssogum; сӱccӱ ӄумыт әты; шӧш ӄумыт әты; тӱй ӄумыт әты; eteläselkuppi; кетский селькупский язык; Ket' Selkup; Ostyak Samoyed -8556,Amur Nivkh,,53.2684,140.4107,gily1242,,Nivkh,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1ot,Nivx; Gilyak; амурский нивхский язык; Nivukhi; Ghilyak; Ghiliak; Gelyak; Giriyaaku; Нивхгу диф; Ньиғвӈгун; гиляцкий язык -8557,New Bargut,,48.684,116.814,chin1476,,Mongolic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1no,New Barghut; Xin Baerhu; Menggu; 新巴爾虎土語 -8558,Old Bargut,,49.506,119.43,,,Mongolic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1np,Old Barghut; Chen Baerhu; Menggu; 陳巴爾虎土語 -856,Sukur,,10.73,13.57,suku1272,syk,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,syk,Sakun; Sugur; Adikimmu Sukur; Gemasakun; Sakul -8569,Sinkiang Dagur,,46.7737,83.0017,,,Mongolic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1nq,Turkestan Dagur; Daur; 新疆達斡爾 -8570,Solon,,48.166,119.4873,solo1263,,Tungusic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1nr,Manchurian Solon; Solon Evenki; 索倫語; 索倫鄂溫克; 輝河方言; 鄂溫克語輝方言 -8571,Ongkor Solon,,46.7774,83.0456,ongk1234,,Tungusic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ns,Onkor Solon; Onkor Solon; Solon Ewenki; Ewenke -8589,Ekit,,4.770001,7.85914,ekit1246,eke,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,eke,Eket; Ekid -8590,Okobo,,5.02037,8.08696,okob1241,okb,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,okb, -8591,Nkari,,5.44,7.76,nkar1238,nkz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nkz, -8592,Ibuoro,,5.5,7.93,ibuo1242,ibr,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ibr, -8593,Uda,,4.7,8.07,udaa1238,uda,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,uda, -8594,Ebughu,,4.754658,8.276181,ebug1241,ebg,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ebg,Oron -8595,Etebi,,4.643891,7.97043,eteb1238,etb,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,etb, -8596,Ibino,,4.6,8.15,ibin1241,ibn,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ibn,Ibeno; Ibuno -8598,Anaang,,5.182927,7.715479,anaa1238,anw,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anw,Anang; Annang -8599,Enwan,,4.652842,8.251014,enwa1245,enw,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,enw,Enwang; Oron -8600,Itu Mbon Uzo,,5.53,7.8,itum1245,itm,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,itm,Itu Mbon Uso; Itu Mbuzo; Ito Mbonuso -8601,Manx,,54.163387,-4.498093,manx1243,glv,Indo-European,awakening,ISO 639-3,glv,Manx Gaelic; Manks; Gaelg; Gailck -8602,Tzeltal,,16.64,-92.28,tzel1254,,Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tzb; tzh,Tseltal; Tzendal -8603,Tzotzil,,16.64,-92.74,tzot1259,,Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tzc; tze; tzu; tzs; tzo; tzz,Ts'ots'il -861,Ninam,,4.5435,-63.5668,nina1238,shb,Yanomaman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shb,Yanam; Nimam; Xiriâna; Casapare; Kasrapai; Jawaperi; Crichana; Jawari; Shiriana; Shirianá; Samatari; Yanam-Ninam; Xirianá; Shiriana Casapare -862,Omagua,,-4.0724,-73.103,omag1248,omg,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,omg,Omagua-Yete; Ariana; Pariana; Anapia; Macanipa; Kambeba; Yhuata; Umaua; Cambeba; Campeba; Cambela; Cambeeba; Compeva; Canga-Peba; Agua; Omagua-Campeva; Omawa-Kampeva; Janbeba -8629,Provençal,,44.0,6.0,prov1235,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,oci-prv,Provençal Occitan; Provenzale; Prouvençau; Mistralien -863,Eastern Pomo,,39.0,-122.666666667,east2545,peb,Pomoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,peb,Clear Lake; Pomo; Eastern; Clear Lake Pomo; East Pomo; Pomo (Eastern); Southeast Clear Lake Pomo; West Clear Lake Pomo -8630,Auvergnat,,45.1278,3.1311,auve1239,,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,oci-auv,Auvergnat Occitan; Auvernhas; Auverne; Occitan -8631,Gascon,,43.1811,-0.1428,gasc1240,,Indo-European,at risk,LINGUIST List,oci-gsc,Gascon Occitan; Aranés; Aranese; Arnais; Aranese Occitan -864,Waunana,,8.2984,-78.1018,woun1238,noa,Chocoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,noa,Noanamá; Huaunana; Woun Meu; Waun Meo; Waumeo; Wounmeu; Wounaan; Noanama; Noenama; Nonama; Chocama; Chanco -8649,Jèrriais,,49.2211,-2.1368,jerr1238,nrf,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nrf,Guernésiais; Jersey French; Jersiais; Jèrriais; Jersey Norman; Guernsey French -865,Mandan,,47.5165,-102.2461,mand1446,mhq,Siouan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mhq, -867,Kiowa,,35.1016,-98.6197,kiow1266,kio,Kiowa-Tanoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kio,Kiowan -8689,Kalaallisut,,64.175,-51.738889,kala1399,kal,Eskimo-Aleut,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kal,Inuit; Eskimo; Greenlandic; Greenlandic Eskimo -8709,Tondi Songway Kiini,,15.101295,-2.771507,tond1249,tst,Songhay,threatened,ISO 639-3,tst,TSK -8731,Ben Tey,,14.9,-3.0,bent1238,dbt,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbt,Beni; Ben Tey Dogon -8732,Bankan Tey,,15.1,-2.9,bank1259,dbw,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbw,Walo; Oualo; Bankan Tey Dogon -8733,Nanga,,14.9,-3.0,nang1261,nzz,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nzz,Nanga Dama Dogon; Nanga Dogon -8734,Yanda Dom,,14.3,-3.3,yand1257,dym,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dym,Yanda Dom Dogon -8735,Tebul Ure,,14.66,-3.1,tebu1239,dtu,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dtu,Oru Yille; Tew Tegu -8736,Bondu So,,14.91,-3.33,bond1248,dbu,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbu,Dogon; Bondum Dom; Bondum-Dom; Najamba-Kindige; Bondum Dom Dogon; North Plateau Dogon; Bondum dom -8737,Dogul Dom,,14.59,-3.57,dogu1235,dbg,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbg,Dogon; Dogul-Dom; Dogulu; Dogul Dom Dogon; North Plateau Dogon; Dogul dom; Dogul-Dom Dogon -8738,Tiranige Diga,,15.0,-3.0,tira1258,tde,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tde,Tiranige; Duleri; Duleri Dom; Tiranige Diga Dogon -8739,Mombo,,14.376155,-3.664799,momb1254,dmb,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dmb,Kolu So; Kolu; Kolum So; Kolum-so; Kolu-so; Pignari; Mombo Dogon -8740,Ampari,,14.257728,-3.90712,ampa1238,aqd,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,aqd,Ampari Dogon; Ambeenge; Ampari; Pignari -8741,Penange,,12.866531,-4.749725,pena1270,,,,LINGUIST List,1qa, -8742,Bunoge,,14.650026,-3.795884,buno1241,dgb,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dgb,Korandabo; Budu-Tagu; Korandabo; Bunoge Dogon -8749,Ixtlán,,17.330742,-96.487204,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zaa; zpd; zae; zaq,Sierra de Juárez Zapotec; Zapotec (Juárez); Zapoteco ( Juarez Sierra); Sierra de Juarez; Ixtlan; Zapotec; Zapotec; Sierra de Juárez; Zapoteco de Atepec; Ixtlán Zapoteco; Northern Sapoteko; Serrano -8789,Rincón,,17.307124,-96.164485,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zar; zsr; zpc,Rincón Zapotec; Sierra de Villa Alta; Zapotec; Nothern Zapoteco; Zapotec; Rincón; Zapoteco del Rincón; Zapoteco de Yagallo; Northern Villa Alta Zapotec; Northern Sapoteko; Choapan Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapoteco de Choapan -8790,Ayoquezco,,16.66,-96.86,ayoq1235,,Otomanguean,endangered,Glottolog,ayoq1235,Ayoquezco Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Ayoquezco; Western Ejutla Zapotec; Zapoteco de Santa María Ayoquezco; Central Sapoteko -8792,Albarradas Zapotec,,17.066921,-96.20071,,,Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,sant1448; sant1450,Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec; Zapotec; Albarradas; Zapoteco de Santo Domingo Albarradas -8793,Etla Zapotec,,17.15,-96.88,,,Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,maza1294; teja1235,Tejalapan Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Tejalapan; Zapoteco de San Felipe Tejalapan; Zapoteco de Tejalápam; Etla Zapotec; Zapoteco de Santo Tomás Mazaltepec -8809,Mungbam,,6.577583,10.237533,abar1238,mij,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mij,Mijong; Missong; Abar -881,Denya,,5.97237,9.39989,deny1238,anv,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anv,Anyang; Agnang; Anyan; Anyah; Eyan; Takamanda; Obonya; Nyang -8829,Mundabli-Mufu,,6.606933,10.2733,mund1328,boe,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,boe,Ji; Bu -8849,Fang,,6.549667,10.279017,fang1248,fak,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fak, -8869,Koshin,,6.58815,10.281317,kosh1246,kid,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kid,Kosin; Kaw -8889,Ajumbu,,6.5391,10.238567,mbuu1238,muc,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,muc,Mbu' -8909,Naki,,6.600783,10.265667,naki1238,mff,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mff,Mekaf; Munkaf; Nkap; Bunaki -8929,Buu (Cameroon),,6.56465,10.25515,buuu1246,,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,8uu, -8949,Sambe,,9.074976,8.451004,samb1307,xab,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xab, -8969,Tunica,,31.1267,-92.0661,tuni1252,tun,Isolate,awakening,ISO 639-3,tun,Tonika; Tunixka -8989,Mansaka,,6.79,126.18,mans1262,msk,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,msk,Mandaya Mansaka -9011,Nēhiyawēwin,,56.3544,-113.8345,plai1258,,Algic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,crk-pla,ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ; Plains Cree; Cree -9029,Original Chiangmai Sign Language,,18.789968,98.984387,chia1237,csd,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,csd,Chiengmai Sign Language; Original Chiangmai Sign Language; Old Chiangmai Sign Language; OCMSL -9049,Mbugu,,-4.704289,38.378472,mbug1240,mhd,Mixed Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhd,Ma'a; Mbougou; Wama'a; Wa Maathi; Kibwyo; Mixed Ma'a/Mbugu; Ma'á; Inner Ma'á; Mbugu Inner Mbugu -9069,Cajonos Zapotec,,,,,,,,ISO 639-3,zad; zav; zpu; zpq; zat,dill xhon; Villalta (non-preferred) -9072,Coyachilla,,,,,,,,ISO 639-3,zpp; zpl,Zimatlán; Zimatlán Zapotec; Coyachilla dialect continuum; Western Zapotec (non-preferred) -9089,Geviya,,-1.216301,10.599997,eviy1235,,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,gev,Eviya; Gevia; Avia; Ivéa -9109,Rikou,,-10.55,123.31,ring1244,rgu,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rgu,Ringgou; Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Timur; Eastern Rote; Rotti -9129,Tii,,-10.84,122.96,tiii1241,txq,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,txq,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Barat; Western Rote; Thie; Ti -9149,Uab Meto,,-9.77,124.14,uabm1237,aoz,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,aoz,Atoni; Meto; Uab Atoni Pah Meto; Uab Pah Meto; Timor; Timorese; Timol; Timoreesch; Timoreezen; Dawan (pejorative); Timor Dawan; Rawan; Orang Gunung -9169,Galoli,,-8.58,126.0,galo1243,gal,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gal,Galole; Galolen -9170,Hawu,,-10.55,121.85,sabu1255,hvn,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,hvn,Sabu; Havunese; Savu; Sawu; Sawunese; Savunese -9171,Amarasi,,-10.08,124.33,amar1273,aaz,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aaz,Timor Amarasi -921,Aghul,,41.7518,47.6875,aghu1253,agx,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,agx,Agul; агъул чӀал; Ağul ç'al; агульский язык; Aghulshuy; Aguly -9229,Mlaḥsô,,37.03,41.22,mlah1239,lhs,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,lhs,Mlahsö; Mlaḥso; Suryoyo; Mlahso -9249,Sorkhei,,35.46,53.22,sork1239,sqo,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sqo, -9250,Shahmirzadi,,35.776586,53.318583,shah1253,srz,,,ISO 639-3,srz, -9251,Sangisari,,35.72,53.3,sang1315,sgr,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sgr,Sangesari; Mahdi Shahri; Mehdishahri; Sängesäri; Sangsari; Sängsari; Sängsäri; Sengiseri; Sengsari -9289,Urmia Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.3319,45.0421,urmi1249,,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,08g,Assyrian; NENA -9290,Central Jewish Neo-Aramaic,,36.55,44.2,barz1241,,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,0xp,Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic; NENA -9309,Northern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.24,43.58,,,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,0zn,Assyrian; NENA; Hakkari -9329,Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.2229,44.67,assy1241,,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,08a,Asirat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic; Assyrian; NENA; Ashirat Neo-Aramaic -9330,Southern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,36.34,43.13,,,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,0xs,Assyrian; NENA -9389,ǂKx'au||'ein,,-17.683,17.4,kxau1241,aue,Kx'a,threatened,ISO 639-3,aue,≠Kx'au//'ein; Gobabis Kung; Kaukau; Kung-Gobabis; ≠Kx'ao//'ae; Tcg'aox'ãe; //Au/ei; ≠X'ao//'ai; Koko; Auen -9409,Nedebang,,-8.275,124.202,nede1245,nec,Timor-Alor-Pantar,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nec,Klamu -941,Akhvakh,,42.472,46.3238,akhv1239,akv,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,akv,Axvax; Ашвaлъи мицIи; авахский язык; Akhwakh -942,Akkala Saami,,67.5809,31.668,akka1237,sia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sia,Ahkkil; Babino Saami; Akkalansaame; ču´kksuâlis; бабинский саамский язык; Аккала; Babinsk; Akkala Sami -9429,Kaera,,-8.310756,124.031491,kaer1234,jka,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jka,Dorit -943,Alabugat Tatar,,43.59,46.66,alab1256,,Turkic,threatened,LINGUIST List,nog-tat,Nogai-Tatar; Tatar-Noghay; Alabugat Tatar-Nogai -944,Algherese Catalan,,40.564318,8.328667,algh1238,,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,cat-alg, -9449,Western Pantar,,-8.4,124.05,lamm1241,lev,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lev,Lamma; Mauta; Tubbe; Pantar Barat -945,Vivaro-Alpine,,44.7467,6.6796,viva1235,,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,08e,Vivaro-Alpine Occitan; Alpine Provençal; Vivaroalpenc; Vivaroaupenc; Alpine Provencal -946,Gardiol,,39.466667,16.0,gard1245,,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1h9, -9469,Blagar,,-8.302799,124.343837,blag1240,beu,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,beu,Belagar; Balagur; Kaera; Pura; Tarang; Pi Abaŋ Hur -947,Alutor,,60.2016,165.4238,alut1245,alr,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,alr,Alyutor; Алюторский язык; nəməlʔu; Aliutor; Olyutor -9470,Adang,,-8.195,124.484,adan1251,adn,Timor-Alor-Pantar,endangered,ISO 639-3,adn,Alor -948,Andi,,42.7308,46.2963,andi1255,ani,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ani,Qwannab; qwavannab micci; андийский язык; ანდიური ენა; къIaваннаб мицци; Andiy; Andii; Qandisel -9489,Kamang,,-8.27,124.79,kama1365,woi,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,woi,Woisika; Waisika; Kamana-Kamang -949,Aragonese,,42.2935,-0.4394,arag1245,arg,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,arg,Aragoieraz; Altoaragonés; Aragonés; Fabla Aragonesa; Patués; High Aragonese -9490,Sawila,,-8.218577,125.133487,sawi1256,swt,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,swt,Manata; Wullili; Sawali; Tanglapui -9509,Wersing,,-8.350974,124.998557,wers1238,kvw,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kvw,Kolana; Kolana-Wersin; Wersin; Warsina -9529,Rembong,,-8.53,120.97,remb1250,reb,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,reb, -9549,Rajong,,-8.79,120.7,rajo1237,rjg,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,rjg,Razong -9569,Kepo',,-8.59,120.84,kepo1237,kuk,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kuk,Kepoq; Kepo -9570,Wae Rana,,-8.75,120.79,waer1237,wrx,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrx,Waerana -9589,So'a,,-8.68,121.05,cent2074,ssq,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ssq,Soa -961,Dupaninan Agta,,18.114937,122.178526,dupa1235,duo,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,duo,Eastern Cagayan Agta; Dupaningan Agta; Agta; Dupaninan -962,Arbëreshë,,40.9321,14.8645,arbe1236,aae,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aae,Italo-Albanian; Albanian; Arber; Arbresh; Arnaut; Škip; Shqipēri; Shquipni; Arbëreshë Albanian; Arbëreshë; Albanesisch; Albanian; Arbëreshë -9629,Pazeh-Kaxabu,,23.9666667,120.9666667,kulo1237,uun,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uun,Pazeh; Pazih; Kulun; Sprache von Formosa; Kulon; Kulon-Pazih; Pazzehe; Pazehe; 巴宰語; Kaxabu; Kahabu; 噶哈巫語; Kulon-Pazeh -963,Aromanian,,40.2292,21.1376,arom1237,rup,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,rup,Armãneashti; Armãneascã; Armãneshce; Rrămăneashti; Machiduneashti; Armân; Arumanian; Armina; Vlach; Arumun; Aromunian; Macedo-Romanian; Macedo-Rumanian; Other Roumanian Lects -9630,Siraya,,23.1,120.2,sira1267,fos,Austronesian,awakening,ISO 639-3,fos,Formosan; Siraia; Siraiya; Sideia; Sideis; Sideisch; Baksa; Pepohoan; Pepo-Hwan; Formosanisch; Sprache von Formosa; 西拉雅語 -9649,Puyuma,,22.7583333,121.1444444,puyu1239,pyu,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pyu,Pyuma; Pilam; Pelam; Piyuma; Panapanayan; Kadas; Tipun; Sprache von Formosa; Proto-Puyuma; 卑南語 -966,Asturian,,43.25,-6.0,astu1245,ast,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,ast,Asturiano; Leonese; Leonés; Astur-Leonese; Asturian-Leonese; Asturianu -9669,Abellen Ayta,,15.35,120.457,aben1249,abp,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,abp,Abenlen; Ayta Abenlen Sambal; Aburlin Negrito; Sambal -9689,Casiguran Dumagat Agta,,16.227,122.063,casi1235,dgc,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dgc,Dumagat (Casiguran); Agta (Casiguran Dumagat); Casiguran Dumagat; Casiguran; Baler Dumagat; Agta -9709,Chiquimulilla Xinka,,14.08502,-90.380464,xinc1242,,Xincan,awakening,LINGUIST List,2df,Chiguimuliya -9729,Belait,,4.582,114.233,bela1260,beg,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,beg,Balait Jati; Lemeting; Meting -9749,Bintulu,,3.19057,113.0901109,bint1246,bny,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bny, -9769,Kiput,,4.0,114.4,kipu1237,kyi,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kyi, -9789,Remun,,1.13,110.61,remu1237,lkj,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lkj,Milikin; Millikin -9809,Bebeli,,-5.33534,150.10173,bebe1252,bek,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bek, -981,Iwaidja,,-11.4407565,132.5594586,iwai1244,ibd,Iwaidjan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ibd,Iwaydja; Iwaidji; Ibadjo; Eiwaja; Jiwadja; Limba; Karadjee; Jiwaidja; Iwaiji; Eaewandja; Unalla; Limbakaraja; Eaewardja; Eaewarga; Eae-warge-ga; Iwaija; Iwaja; Iyi; Ji:wadja; Juwadja; Limba-Karadjee; Tarula; Uwaidja; Yiwadya; Yiwayja -9829,Uma' Lung,,2.99,117.22,umal1238,ulu,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ulu,Kenyah (Uma' Lung); Oma Longh; Òma Lóngh -9849,Northern Chinantec,,18.075,-96.3369,ojit1237,chj,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chj,Chinanteco del norte; Ojitlán Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; jmiih kia' dzä 'vï ï; jujmi (del norte); Comaltepec; jujmi tsa kö 'w++ -9850,Northwestern Chinantec,,17.8646,-96.5176,tlac1239,ctl,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctl,jau jmai; Chinanteco del noroeste; Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec -9851,Upper Southeastern Chinantec,,17.675036884871695,-96.2282121102249,ozum1235,chz,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,chz,jumi dsa mojai; Chinanteco del sureste alto; Ozumacín Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Juujmii; Chinanteco de Ayotzintepec -9869,Lower Southeastern Chinantec,,17.5071981929337,-95.87680981397497,lala1270,cnl,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cnl,jujmi dsa m+ta'o; jujmi dsa maji'i; Chinanteco del sureste bajo; Lalana Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Chinanteco de San Juan Lalana -9870,Western Chinantec,,17.7985,-96.6079,soch1239,cso,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cso,jujma; Chinanteco del oeste; Sochiapám Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Sochiapan Chinantec; Sochiapam Chinantec -9871,Upper West-Central Chinantec,,17.9184,-96.4074,usil1237,cuc,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cuc,jaú jm; jmiih kia' dzä jii'; Chinanteco del oeste central alto; Usila Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko -9872,Lower West-Central Chinantec,,17.904915,-96.527359,,,Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cuc; cnt,jajmi dzä kï ï '; jejmei; jejmi; Chinanteco del oeste central bajo; Usila Chinantec; Tepetotutla Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko -9873,Central Chinantec,,17.949463,-96.167328,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cuc; cvn; csa; cle; cpa,jajme dzä mii; jmiih kia' dzä mii; Chinanteco Central; Usila Chinantec; Valle Nacional Chinantec; Chiltepec Chinantec; Lealao Chinantec; Palantla Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko -9874,Sierra Chinantec,,17.775007,-96.307712,,,Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chq; cco; cvn,jmiih dzä mo'; Chinanteco de la Sierra; Valle Nacional Chinantec; Quiotepec Chinantec; Comaltepec Chinantec -9909,Anakalangu,,-9.576376,119.586182,anak1240,akg,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,akg,Anakalang -9929,Mamboru,,-9.392161,119.533997,mamb1305,mvd,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvd,Mamboro; Memboro -9949,Wanukaka,,-9.744249,119.4104,wanu1241,wnk,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wnk,Wanokaka -9950,Laboya,,-9.7,119.34,lamb1273,lmy,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lmy,Lamboya -9969,Weyewa,,-9.552,119.165955,weje1237,wew,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,wew,Wewewa; Wejewa; Waijewa; Wajewa; Wewjewa; Waidjewa; West Sumbanese; Veveva; West-Soembasch +ID,Name,Macroarea,Latitude,Longitude,Glottocode,ISO639P3code,Comment,Countries,ELCatMacroareas,classification,endangerment,code_authorities,codes,alt_names +10009,Wampanoag,,41.702591,-73.319119,wamp1249,wam,"Massachusett-Narragansett was a complex of Southern New England Algonquian dialects spoken around Massachusetts Bay from southern Maine to Cape Cod, as well as around Narragansett Bay and on Martha’s Vineyard. Several varieties of Massachusett-Narragansett are quite well documented from the Colonial period, including the dialect of the mission town of Natick, which was the basis of John Eliot's translation of the whole Bible (1663) and grammatical sketch (1666), and the Narragansett dialect of Rhode Island (Roger Williams 1643). Currently there are efforts to revive the speaking of the language under the name Wampanoag. The language fell into disuse in most areas during the 18th century, but a variety continued to be spoken on Martha’s Vineyard until the end of the 19th century. (Golla et al. 2008.)",US,North America,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,wam,Wôpanâak; Massachusett-Narragansett; Massachusett; Massachusetts; Natick; Wamponoag +1001,Xipaya,,-4.3902,-53.9648,xipa1240,xiy,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,xiy,Shipaja; Xipaia; Shipaya; Chipaia; Xipáya; Šipaya; Chipaya; Achipaie +1002,Yuchi,,36.0009,-96.0988,yuch1247,yuc,,US,North America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yuc,Euchee +10029,Suabo,,-2.1,132.197,suab1238,szp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,szp,Suabau; Inanwatan; Mirabo; Iagu; Solowat; Itigo; Bira +1003,Wichita,,35.0647,-98.2788,wich1260,wic,,US,North America,Caddoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wic,Witchita +1004,Achumawi,,41.5,-121.0,achu1247,acv,,US,North America,Palaihnihan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,acv,Achumawi; Achomawi; Pitt River; Achoma'wi; Achowawi +10069,Aftari,,35.36,53.7,afta1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,5qc, +10070,West Tarangan,,-6.573,134.147,west2538,txn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,txn,West Trangan; Tarangan Barat; Tarangan (West); Aru; Aroesch +10071,Meymai,,35.34,53.24,meym1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,98s,Meyma'i +10072,Zefra'i,,32.805918,52.116672,zefr1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,7ri, +10073,Kuhpayi,,32.7,52.45,kuhp1234,,"There is substantial dialectal variation across the Kuhpāya district. Kuhpāʾi proper is spoken in Jabal (Kuki). As one travels northwest, through Fešārk, the speech gradually approaches that of Zefra. Sagzi on the west and Qehi on the south have distinct dialects, though not radically different from that of Jabal. On the other hand, Mošgenān, Tudešk, and Ješuqān, in the east of the Kuhpāya district, possess transitional varieties closely related to those of Nāʾin (q.v.). These dialects are all endangered, being overrun by Persian.",IR,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,3oz,Kuhpāʾi +10074,Jarqu'i,,32.261704,52.198023,jarq1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,1xw, +10089,Kadu,,24.2042,95.6332,kadu1254,zkd,"This language was formerly classified as Kado (kdv), which has split into Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn) since 2011 (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/chg_detail.asp?id=2011-002). + +Kadu (zkd) is different from Kaduo (ktp), a language of China belonging to the Southern Ngwi branch in Tibeto-Burman language family. It is also different from Katu (ktv), a Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam.",MM,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zkd,Gadu; Gamaan; Kado; Kantu; Kadu-Ganaan; Kato; Kudo; Maw; Mawteik; Puteik; Asak; Sak; Thet; Kadu; Andro; Sengmai; Chakpa; Phayeng; Katu; Gado; Woni; That; ကဒူး +101,Kulaale,,10.176552,18.56671,fani1244,fni,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,fni; fani1244,Fagnia; Fanya; Fanyan; Fana; Fania; Fanian; Mana; Kobe; Fulfulde (Nigerian); Eywe +10109,Homshetsi,,41.468,41.558,hams1239,,,TR RU GE,Europe; Caucasus; East Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1ev,Hamshen; Hamschen; Homshetsma; Hemşince +10129,Cambodian Sign Language,,11.558,104.917,camb1244,,"""It is best to avoid using the term Khmer Sign Language, since the term Khmer refers to the language used by hearing people in Cambodia, and Cambodian Sign Language is a different language from spoken/written Khmer."" (Woodward et al., 2015)",KH,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,4rr,CSL; CBDSL; Khmer Sign Language; KSL +10149,Kanan,,24.2042,95.6332,gana1267,zkn,"This languages used to be part of Kado (kdv), which has split into Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn) since 2011 (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/chg_detail.asp?id=2011-002).",MM,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zkn,Gadu; Gamaan; Kado; Kantu; Kadu-Ganaan; Kato; Kudo; Maw; Mawteik; Puteik; Asak; Sak; Thet; Gado; Andro; Sengmai; That; Woni; Kadu-Ganaan; ကနန်း +10169,Lagwan,,11.664593,15.073328,lagw1237,kot,,NG CM TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kot,Logone; Lagwan Kotoko; Kotoko-Logone; Logone-Birni Kotoko; Lagwane; Lagouane +10189,Naha'ai,,-16.557359,167.505623,malf1237,mlx,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlx,Malfaxal; Malvaxal-Toman Island; Taman; Tomman +10209,Avava,,-16.233418,167.470106,katb1237,tmb,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tmb,Katbol; Navava; Bangsa’; Tembimbe-Katbol; Taremp; Tisvel; Mallicolo +1021,Tala,,10.221004,9.906132,tala1295,tak,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tak, +10229,"Baka (Far North Region, Cameroon)",,10.881522,14.193724,baka1279,,,CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,5h1, +10249,Bumang,,22.661,103.085,buma1247,bvp,"This language is closely related to Kháng (kjm) of Vietnam, but mutually intelligibility between the two languages has not yet been tested. According to J. Edmondson (2010:152), ""it appears that the lexical support for Kháng and Bumang belonging to Khmuic is strong."" It is not yet clear which subdivision of the Khumic branch Bumang belongs to.",CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvp,Manzhang Dai; 曼仗傣; Bumang; 布芒語 +10269,Lavukaleve,,-9.079,159.22,lavu1241,lvk,,SB,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,lvk,Laumbe; Laube; Russell Island; Lakukaleve +10289,Torres Strait Creole,,-10.544521,142.253666,torr1261,tcs,,AU,Australia,Pidgin or Creole,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tcs,Torres Strait Pidgin; Lockhart Creole; Torres Strait Broken; West Torres; Cape York Creole; Yumplatok; Ap-Ne-Ap; Blaik; Creole +10309,Ratsua,,-5.5245,154.8006,rats1237,,"While Ratsua is listed in Ethnologue as a dialect of Hahon [hah], it is in fact a separate language.",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,hah-rat, +10310,Hahon,,-5.342585,154.559549,haho1237,hah,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hah,Hanon +10329,Sirva,,-4.98,145.22,sile1255,sbq,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sbq,Sileibi +10330,Aisi,,-5.405093,145.175755,musa1266,mmq,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmq,Musak; Green Miao; Blue Miao; Red Miao; White Miao +10349,Äiwoo,,-9.43895,-171.205463,ayiw1239,nfl,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nfl,Reef; Ayiwo; Naaude; Aiwo; Gnivo; Nivo; Nifilole; Lomlom; Reef Islands; Reefs; Äiwo; Aïwo; Reef Islands-Santa Cruz Sub-Family +10369,Vaeakau-Taumako,,-10.18746,166.300435,pile1238,piv,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,piv,Pileni; Pilheni; Taumako +10374,Southern Nicobarese,,7.3134,93.6968,sout2689,nik,Unclear how many of the dialects subsumed under Southern Nicobarese are languages in their own right. ,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nik,Nicobarese; Southern; Condul; Great Nicobar; Little Nicobar; Milo; Lo'ong; Ong; Lamongse; Lamongshe; Takahanyilang +10377,Amami,,28.31,129.982,,,"Pellard (2015), whose classification is used here, considers Okinawan and Amami to be separate. According to Niinaga (2015), Northern Okinawan dialects are grouped together with Amami dialects. + +According to other analyses, the Amami language consists of Kikai (kzg), Kunigami (xug), Northern Amami-Oshima (ryn), Oki-no-Erabu (okn), Southern Amami-Oshima (ams), Toku-no-Shima (tkn), and Yoron (yox). + +",JP,East Asia,Japonic,severely endangered,,kzg; xug; ryn; okn; ams; tkn; yox,Kikai; Kunigami; Northern Amami-Oshima; Oki-no-Erabu; Southern Amami-Oshima; Toku-no-Shima; Yoron; Ryukyuan; Oshima; Osima; Oosima; Northern Ryukyuan; Amami-Osima; Okinoerabu; Okierabu; Tokunosima; 奄美語; 奄美方言; 国頭語; 国頭方言; Shimayumuta; 島口; シマユムタ +10378,Hachijo,,33.063,139.472,hach1239,,,JP,East Asia,Japonic,endangered,,,八丈語; 八丈方言; 青ヶ島方言; Aogashima +1041,Yurok,,41.0607,-124.1413,yuro1248,yur,"Several sources report: Archie Thompson, the oldest living member of California's Yurok tribe and the last known active speaker raised in the tribal language, passed away in 2013 at the age of 93.",US,North America,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,yur,Chillula; Mita; Pekwan; Rikwa; Sugon; Weitspek; Weitspekan +10413,Bende,,-6.381068,31.068306,bend1258,bdp,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bdp,Sibhende; Kibende; Si'bende +10414,Hill Miri,,26.9612,94.0539,hill1258,,"Though Hili Miri is listed under Mising [mrg] in Ethnologue, most experts on the Aranuchal Pradesh and Tani languages treat Hill Miri and Mising as separate and distinct languages belonging to different branches of the Tani subgroup (Burling 2003; Sun 2003, 1993).",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,,,Miri; Sarak +10415,Jejara,,26.21,95.16,para1302,pzn,,MM,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pzn,Para; Para Naga; Naga; Para; Bara Naga; Parasar +10417,Louisiana Creole,,30.652,-91.422,loui1240,lou,,US,North America,Pidgin or Creole,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lou,Louisiana Creole French; Kreyòl; Franse; Kourí-viní +10421,Gyalsumdo,,22.59,84.22,gyal1236,gyo,used to be regarded as a dialect of Manange,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyo, +10423,Crimean Tatar,,45.393467,34.268737,crim1257,crh,,TR RU UZ KG UA BG RO LT,Europe; Caucasus; Near East; East Asia,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crh,Crimean; qırımtatar tili; крымскотатарский; Tatar de Crimée; Tártaro Crimeano; qırım tili; къырым тили; къырымтатар тили +10424,Ngatikese,,5.789276,157.159653,sapw1237,,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,,, +10425,West Frisian,,53.219359,5.78621,west2354,fry,"The main dialects Klaaifrysk, Wâldfrysk and Súdwesthoeks are mutually intelligible, whereas the archaic dialect of Hylpen and Skylge differ a lot from the main dialects and are difficult to understand for other speakers of Frisian. A general standard of Frisian has been accepted, which is mainly based on the Klaaifrysk dialect. (de Graaf 2014)",NL,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,fry,Frysk; Fries; Frisian; West(er)lauwers Fries; West(er)lauwersk Frysk +10427,Nukini,,-7.34,-73.5,nuku1263,nuc,"“Central Panoan Assemblage”: evidently there has been areal influence among neighboring languages, such that the boundaries among [some] subgroups ... are somewhat blurred (Fleck 2013:11).",BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nuc,Nuquini; Nucuini; Inukuini +10429,Welsh,,53.14,-4.27,wels1247,cym,,AR GB,Europe; South America,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cym,Cymraeg; y Gymraeg; Kymrisch; Gallois; Galés +1043,A'ingae,,0.054639,-77.409417,cofa1242,con,,CO EC,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,con,Kofane; Cofán; Kofán; A'i; A'ingaé; Colin; Kofan; A'ingae +10430,Bon Gula,,10.6577,19.5774,bong1282,glc,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,glc,Bon; Bon Goula; Bun; Êeni; Gula Guera; Poun; Taataal +10431,Herero,,-21.02,20.57,here1253,her,,BW NA AO,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,her,Ochiherero; Otjiherero +10434,Zaar,,9.5,9.5,saya1246,say,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,say,Za:r; vik-Zaar; Vikzar; Vigzar; Saya; Sayanci; Sayawa; Seya; Seyawa; Seiyawa; Seiyara; Sayara +10437,Wapan,,8.0,9.0,wapa1235,juk,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,juk,Jinkum; Jukon; Juku; Juku Junkun; Jukum; Jukun Wapan; Jukun Wukari; Wakari; Wukari; Wukari Jukun +10439,Ngizim,,11.710652,11.082443,ngiz1242,ngi,"""Ngizim has virtually no dialect differentiation other than a few lexical differences among villages.” (Schuh 1978)",NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ngi,Ngezzim; Ngizmawa; Ngizimanci; Ngo:djin; Ngojin +10441,Kuteb,,7.0,10.0,kute1248,kub,"Dialect varieties are taken from Robert Koops ""A grammar of Kuteb: a Jukunoid language of east-central Nigeria"", 2009.",NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,kub,Ati; Kutep; Kutev; Mbarike; Zumper +10442,Ndoola,,7.29,11.31,ndoo1241,ndr,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ndr,Ndola; Ndoro; Ndooro; Njoyame; Nundoro +10444,Buu (Nigeria),,9.57,10.28,zara1252,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,gji-zar,Zaranda; Zarandaa +10445,Pa'a,,11.066538,9.567203,paaa1242,pqa,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,pqa,Paa; Pa'anci; Fucaka; Fuuceka; Afa; Afawa; Afanci; Pala; Pa'awa; Fa'awa; Foni +10450,Dyarim,,10.033333,9.066667,dyar1234,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,,,Dyarum; Dyàrìm Tə́; Dyarim Tə; Ndyarim Tə; Kaiwari; Kayaurinci +10451,Sasak,,-8.583333,116.116667,sasa1249,sas,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,sas, +10452,Chaari,,10.05,9.283333,dans1239,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Chari; Caari; Cààrí; Danshe; Danche +10453,Tule,,,,nucl1693,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,,,Tulai +10454,Yakut,,62.3496,130.8691,yaku1245,sah,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sah,Sakha; якутский язык; Saxa tıla; Саха тыла; Yakutça; Yakut Türkçesi; Saha Türkçesi; Yakoute; Yakuto; 雅库特语; 야쿠트어; サハ語 +10455,Salar,,36.2752,102.4584,sala1264,slr,,CN,East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,slr,撒拉語; саларский +10457,Iraya,,13.3,120.9,iray1237,iry,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,iry, +10458,Isinay,,16.3,121.1,isin1239,inn,"The Isinay language used in formal writing is based on the dialect used in Dupax del Sur. (Reid et al., 2016)",PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,inn,Isinai; Inmeas; Malaates +10461,Limousin,,46.0579,1.8017,limo1246,,A variety of Occitan.,FR,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,LINGUIST List,oci-lim,Limousin Occitan; Lemosin; Occitan Limousin +10462,Lushi,,10.059639,9.07063,lush1256,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,,,Lukshi; Dokshi +10463,Langas,,10.17,9.83,lang1332,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Laŋas; Nyamzak; Nyamzax; Nyámzax; Lundur +10464,Zul,,10.2,9.566667,zull1239,,"""The Zul language is part of the Polci cluster... It is said to be the same as (m)Barma or Mbaram in older sources, but Mbaram is probably a related dialect."" (Blench 2014)",NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,,,Zùl; Bi Zule; Mbarmi; Barma; Zulawa; Zull +10465,Dir,,10.208333,9.708333,dirr1240,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Diir; Dììr; Diri; Dra; Baram Dutse +10466,Buli,,10.233333,9.783333,buli1260,,"Not to be confused with Buli spoken on Halmahera Island, Indonesia.",NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,,,Bili; Bɨlɨ; Bələ +10467,Tunayana,,2.356611,-56.79421,tuna1234,,"Some consider Tunayana a dialect of Waiwai, for example Ethnologue (2016). ",GY SR,South America,Cariban,critically endangered,,,Katuena +10470,Ordos,,39.612,109.781,ordo1245,,Ethnologue lists it as a dialect of Peripheral Mongolian [mvf]. ,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,,,Urdus +10471,Minhe Monguor,,36.4919,102.6452,minh1238,,Minhe Monguor is listed as a dialect of Tu [mjg] in Ethnologue. ,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,,,Minhe Mangghuer; Mangghuer; Monguor de Minhe; минхэ-монгорский; 民和土家語 +10472,Kili,,48.8068,134.121,kuro1242,,Kili is basically Nanai with Ewenki phonetics.,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,endangered,,,Kur-Urmi Nanay; Kur-Urmi Nanai; кили +10473,Kilen,,47.4689,133.8574,kile1243,,"""The speakers of Kilen on the Chinese side are officially listed as Hezhe (Hedjen, Chinese Nanai). And it is better described as Nanai with Udeghe phonetics."" (Juha Janhunen, p.c.)",RU CN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,,,Sungari Nanay; килен; 赫哲語奇楞方言; Sungari Nanai; Akani +10474,Kamas,,57.9964,92.8784,kama1351,xas,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,dormant,ISO 639-3,xas,Kamassian; камасинский язык; калмажи шəкə; ʒaǯ̕ kall; kamassin kieli; Kamasse +10475,Kumandin,,52.884889,86.323299,kuma1284,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,endangered,,,Qumanda; Northern Altai; Куванды; куванта; кувандык; кувандыг; кувандых; къуманды; къубанды; къуўанды; къувандыг; кумандинский язык; северно-алтайский язык; Qumandy +10479,Tuha,,50.95334449,101.64276123,tuha1234,,"For taxonomic and language revitalization purposes, Uighur Uryangkhai is best recognized as a separate language (Juha Janhunen, p.c.).",MN,East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,,,Uyghur Uryangkha; Uighur Uryangkhai; Khövsgöl Uryangkhay; Khövsgöl Uryangkhai; уйгуро-урянхайский; Soyot Uryangkhai; Soyed +10480,Soyot,,52.0406,101.0659,soyo1234,,"For taxonomic and language revitalization purposes, Soyot is best recognized as a separate language (Juha Janhunen p.c.). Also, Soyot is linguistically very close to Tofa [kim]. (Валентин Рассадин, p.c.)",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,awakening,,,Soyote; Tuva; сойотский язык; сойоты +10481,Lopnor Uighur,,40.983,84.224,lopn1238,,"""The Lopnor dialect is considered one of the three regional varieties of Uyghur in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It is spoken by approximately less than 0.5% of the Uyghur population. Nevertheless, it occupies a special position not only among the regional varieties of Uyghur, but also in comparative research on Turkic languages. It also provides a crucial data for language contact in this area. The Lopnor dialect displays a set of unique phonological, morphological and syntactic features alien to other varieties of Uyghur. Its lexicon contains exceptional items relating to fishing and some rare Old Turkic words and copies (loan words) from Mongolian. Thus, some scholar consider it as an independent language rather than a variety of Uyghur."" (Abdurehim 2014: 26)",CN,East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,,,Lopluk; 維吾爾語羅布話 +10482,Khamnigan Ewenki,,49.296,119.797,manc1253,,"Khamnigan in the technical sense refers to the Khamnigan ethnic group, and their common community language was Khamnigan Mongol. However, historically a considerable part of the Khamnigan also have spoken dialects of Ewenki, a Tungusic language. (Juha Janhunen, p.c.)",RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,threatened,,,Khamnigan Evenki; Khamnigan Tungus; Horse Tungus; Tungus Evenki; 通古斯鄂溫克 +10484,Judeo-Iraqi Arabic,,31.5339,41.2595,jude1266,yhd,,IL IQ,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,yhd,Judeo-Baghdadi +10485,Zari,,9.71,9.4,zari1242,zaz,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,zaz,Zariwa; Kopti; Kwapm +10488,Boto,,9.733333,9.233333,boto1248,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,zaz-bot,Boot; Bibot +10489,Zakshi,,9.733333,9.233333,zaks1239,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,zaz-zak,Zaksi; Zaksə +10493,Dass,,9.9325,9.51838,dass1243,dot,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dot,Barawa; Bandas; Boodli; Lukshi; Dekshi; Wangday; Zumbul; Durr-Baraza; Wandi; Dot; Dwat; Zodi +10495,Guus,,,,sigi1234,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,say-sig,Sigidi; Sugudi; Sigdi; Segiddi +10499,Judeo-Isfahani,,32.6333,51.65,jude1276,,"""Ethnologue uses the designation “Dzhidi” (i.e., Jidi) for all Iranian dialects spoken by the Iranian Jews. Having given the alternative name Judeo-Persian, with the identifier [jpr], the Ethnologue classifies Dzhidi under “Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian,” and further describes it as being “similar” to Bukharic [bhh] and Iranian Persian [pes], noting that Dzhidi employs the Hebrew script for writing (Ethnologue, s.v. “Dzhidi”). This data could not be more inaccurate. First, Jidi is a designation used by the speakers of the Jewish dialect of Isfahan (Judeo-Isfahani), and does not necessarily apply to the Jewish dialects native to other towns. Secondly, as we shall see below, the native Jewish dialects spoken in various towns are very far from constituting a homogeneous whole and therefore cannot be lumped together collectively as a single language. Thirdly, these dialects or languages, which we refer to here as Judeo-Median, are from the Northwest branch of Iranian family, genealogically distinct from Persian, a Southwest Iranian language, and also from Bukhari (and Juhuri). Finally, in contrast to Judeo-Persian, with its long written tradition, Judeo-Median has survived in spoken form only."" (Habib Borjian 2014)",IR,Near East,,,,,Jidi +10500,Judeo-Kashani,,33.9889,51.4772,kash1276,,"""Ethnologue uses the designation “Dzhidi” (i.e., Jidi) for all Iranian dialects spoken by the Iranian Jews. Having given the alternative name Judeo-Persian, with the identifier [jpr], the Ethnologue classifies Dzhidi under “Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian,” and further describes it as being “similar” to Bukharic [bhh] and Iranian Persian [pes], noting that Dzhidi employs the Hebrew script for writing (Ethnologue, s.v. “Dzhidi”). This data could not be more inaccurate. First, Jidi is a designation used by the speakers of the Jewish dialect of Isfahan (Judeo-Isfahani), and does not necessarily apply to the Jewish dialects native to other towns. Secondly, as we shall see below, the native Jewish dialects spoken in various towns are very far from constituting a homogeneous whole and therefore cannot be lumped together collectively as a single language. Thirdly, these dialects or languages, which we refer to here as Judeo-Median, are from the Northwest branch of Iranian family, genealogically distinct from Persian, a Southwest Iranian language, and also from Bukhari (and Juhuri). Finally, in contrast to Judeo-Persian, with its long written tradition, Judeo-Median has survived in spoken form only."" (Habib Borjian 2014)",IR,Near East,,,,, +10501,Judeo-Yazdi,,31.8972,54.3678,yazd1240,,"""Ethnologue uses the designation “Dzhidi” (i.e., Jidi) for all Iranian dialects spoken by the Iranian Jews. Having given the alternative name Judeo-Persian, with the identifier [jpr], the Ethnologue classifies Dzhidi under “Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian,” and further describes it as being “similar” to Bukharic [bhh] and Iranian Persian [pes], noting that Dzhidi employs the Hebrew script for writing (Ethnologue, s.v. “Dzhidi”). This data could not be more inaccurate. First, Jidi is a designation used by the speakers of the Jewish dialect of Isfahan (Judeo-Isfahani), and does not necessarily apply to the Jewish dialects native to other towns. Secondly, as we shall see below, the native Jewish dialects spoken in various towns are very far from constituting a homogeneous whole and therefore cannot be lumped together collectively as a single language. Thirdly, these dialects or languages, which we refer to here as Judeo-Median, are from the Northwest branch of Iranian family, genealogically distinct from Persian, a Southwest Iranian language, and also from Bukhari (and Juhuri). Finally, in contrast to Judeo-Persian, with its long written tradition, Judeo-Median has survived in spoken form only."" (Habib Borjian 2014)",IR,Near East,,,,, +10502,Judeo-Hamadani,,34.8,48.5167,jude1271,,"""Ethnologue uses the designation “Dzhidi” (i.e., Jidi) for all Iranian dialects spoken by the Iranian Jews. Having given the alternative name Judeo-Persian, with the identifier [jpr], the Ethnologue classifies Dzhidi under “Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian,” and further describes it as being “similar” to Bukharic [bhh] and Iranian Persian [pes], noting that Dzhidi employs the Hebrew script for writing (Ethnologue, s.v. “Dzhidi”). This data could not be more inaccurate. First, Jidi is a designation used by the speakers of the Jewish dialect of Isfahan (Judeo-Isfahani), and does not necessarily apply to the Jewish dialects native to other towns. Secondly, as we shall see below, the native Jewish dialects spoken in various towns are very far from constituting a homogeneous whole and therefore cannot be lumped together collectively as a single language. Thirdly, these dialects or languages, which we refer to here as Judeo-Median, are from the Northwest branch of Iranian family, genealogically distinct from Persian, a Southwest Iranian language, and also from Bukhari (and Juhuri). Finally, in contrast to Judeo-Persian, with its long written tradition, Judeo-Median has survived in spoken form only."" (Habib Borjian 2014)",IL IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,,, +10503,Judeo-Shirazi,,29.6167,52.5333,shir1258,,"""Ethnologue uses the designation “Dzhidi” (i.e., Jidi) for all Iranian dialects spoken by the Iranian Jews. Having given the alternative name Judeo-Persian, with the identifier [jpr], the Ethnologue classifies Dzhidi under “Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian,” and further describes it as being “similar” to Bukharic [bhh] and Iranian Persian [pes], noting that Dzhidi employs the Hebrew script for writing (Ethnologue, s.v. “Dzhidi”). This data could not be more inaccurate. First, Jidi is a designation used by the speakers of the Jewish dialect of Isfahan (Judeo-Isfahani), and does not necessarily apply to the Jewish dialects native to other towns. Secondly, as we shall see below, the native Jewish dialects spoken in various towns are very far from constituting a homogeneous whole and therefore cannot be lumped together collectively as a single language. Thirdly, these dialects or languages, which we refer to here as Judeo-Median, are from the Northwest branch of Iranian family, genealogically distinct from Persian, a Southwest Iranian language, and also from Bukhari (and Juhuri). Finally, in contrast to Judeo-Persian, with its long written tradition, Judeo-Median has survived in spoken form only."" (Habib Borjian 2014)",IR,Near East,,,,,Jidi +10509,Ulwa,,-4.483,144.015,yaul1241,yla,,PG,Pacific,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yla,Yaul +10517,Langam,,-4.3,143.88,lang1328,lnm,,PG,Pacific,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,endangered,ISO 639-3,lnm, +10518,Mongol-Kaimba,,-4.26,143.92,mong1344,mgt,,PG,Pacific,Mongol-Langam-Ulwa,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgt,Mongol +10519,Momare,,-6.34,147.79,moma1243,msz,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,msz,Momale; Momole; Mumare +10520,Rema,,-8.42,141.03,rema1238,bow,,PG,Pacific,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bow,Bothar +10521,Tumleo,,-3.12,142.4,tuml1238,tmq,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmq, +10522,Kap,,-3.13,142.47,kapp1237,ykm,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ykm,Ali; Yakamul +10523,Ulau-Suain,,-3.35,142.9,ulau1237,svb,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,svb,Suain +10524,Kairiru,,-3.33,143.55,kair1263,kxa,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxa, +10525,Wogeo,,-3.22,144.1,woge1237,woc,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,woc,Wokeo; Uageo +10526,Manam,,-4.07,145.03,mana1295,mva,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mva,Manum +10527,Central Baja Mixtec,,17.77,-98.08,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mks; mxa,Silacayoapan Mixtec; Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Yucuná; Mixteco del noroeste; Mixteco del Noroeste de Oaxaca +10528,Coast Mixtec,,16.41,-97.84,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,,mbz; mih; mio; mjc; mtu; mxt; mza; vmj,Amoltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Amoltepec; Western Sola de Vega Mixtec; Chayuco Mixtec; Eastern Jamiltepec-Chayuco Mixtec; Mixteco de Chayucu; Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec; Coastal Mixtec; Jicaltepec Mixtec; Lowland Jicaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Pinotepa Nacional; Western Jamiltepec Mixtec; San Juan Colorado Mixtec; Mixteco de Oaxaca de la costa noroeste; Mixteco de San Juan Colorado; Tututepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Tututepec; Mixteco de Villa de Tututepec; Jamiltepec Mixtec; Eastern Jamiltepec-San Cristobal Mixtec; Mixteco de Jamiltepec; Mixteco de Oaxaca de costa central baja; Mixteco de Santa María Huazolotitlán; Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Zacatepec; Southern Putla Mixtec; Tacuate; Tu’un Va’a; Zacatepec Mixtec; Ixtayutla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Ixtayutla; Northeastern Jamiltepec Mixtec +10529,Eastern Alta Mixtec,,17.15,-97.23,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mab; mil; mqh; mtx; mxs; mxy; vmm; vmx; xtd; xtp; xts,Yutanduchi Mixtec; Mixteco de Yutanduchi; Mixteco de Yutanduchi de Guerrero; Southern Nochixtlan Mixtec; Peñoles Mixtec; Eastern Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Peñoles; Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco bajo de Valles; Mixteco de Santiago Tlazoyaltepec; Tidaá Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Tidaá; Mixteco de Tidaá; North Central Nochixtlán Mixtec; Huitepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Huitepec; Mixteco de San Antonio Huitepec; Mixteco de Zaachila; Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Santo Domingo Nuxaá; Mixteco del Sureste de Nochixtlán; Mitlatongo Mixtec; Mixteco de Mitlatongo; Tamazola Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Tamazola; Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec; Central Nochistlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Diuxi-Tilantongo; Mixteco del este central; San Miguel Piedras Mixtec; Mixteco de San Miguel Piedras; Sindihui Mixtec +10530,Guerrero Mixtec,,17.39,-98.42,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mim; mxv; xta; xty,Alacatlatzala Mixtec; Central Misteko; Highland Guerrero Mixtec; Mixteco de Alacatlatzala; To’on Savi; Metlatónoc Mixtec; Alcozauca Mixtec; Mixteco de Alocozauca; Mixteco de Xochapa; Yoloxóchitl Mixtec; Mixteco de Yoloxóchitl +10531,Mixtepec Mixtec,,17.31,-97.89,mixt1425,mix,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mix,Eastern Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Oeste Central; Mixteco de San Juan Mixtepec +10532,Northeastern Alta Mixtec,,17.46,-97.06,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mip; vmq,Apasco-Apoala Mixtec; Apasco Mixtec; Apoala Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Apoala; Northern Nochixtlán Mixtec; Soyaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Bartolo Soyaltepec; Mixteco del noreste bajo +10533,Northern Alta Mixtec,,17.98,-96.8,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,miz; xtu,Coatzospan Mixtec; Mixteco de Coatzóspan; Mixteco de San Juan Coatzospan; Teotitlán Mixtec; Cuyamecalco Mixtec; Cuicatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Cañada central; Mixteco de Cuyamecalco +10534,Northern Baja Mixtec,,18.17,-97.83,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mii; mit; xtb,Chigmecatitlán Mixtec; Central Puebla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa María Chigmecatitlán; Southern Puebla Mixtec; Acatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de la Frontera Puebla-Oaxaca; Mixteco del Sur de Puebla; Xayacatlán de Bravo; Chazumba Mixtec; Mixteco de Chazumba; Mixteco de la frontera Puebla-Oaxaca; Northern Oaxaca Mixtec +10535,Southern Baja Mixtec,,17.31,-98.13,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jmx; miy; vmc,Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Coicoyán Mixtec; Mixteco del Oeste de Juxtlahuaca; Ayutla Mixtec; Coastal Guerrero Mixtec; Mixteco de Ayutla; Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Central Juxtlahuaca Mixtec; Mixteco de Juxtlahuaca +10536,Tezoatlan Mixtec,,17.64,-97.81,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,miu; mxb,Cacaloxtepec Mixtec; Huajuapan Mixtec; Mixteco de Cacaloxtepec; Tezoatlán Mixtec; Mixteco de Tezoatlán de Segura y Luna +10537,Western Alta Mixtec,,17.12,-97.55,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue of Endangered Languages identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mce; mdv; meh; mib; mie; mig; mpm; mvg; xti; xtj; xtl; xtm; xtn; xtt,Itundujia Mixtec; Eastern Putla Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Cruz Itundujia; Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Lucía Monteverde; Mixteco de Yosonotú; Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Nuyoo; Mixteco del suroeste de Tlaxiaco; Nuyoo Mixtec; Southeastern Ocotepec Mixtec; Atatláhuca Mixtec; Mixteco de San Esteban Atatláhuca; San Esteban Atatláhuca Mixteco; South Central Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Ocotepec Mixtec; Mixteco de Santo Tomás Ocotepec; Mixteco de Sierra Sur Noroeste; Ocotepec Mixtec; Santo Tomás Ocotepec Mixtec; San Miguel el Grande Mixtec; Chalcatongo Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pedro Molinos; Mixteco del Sur Bajo; Yosondúa Mixtec; Mixteco de Santiago Yosondúa; Southern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Yucuañe Mixtec; Mixteco de San Bartolomé Yucuañe; Mixteco del sureste central; Sinicahua Mixtec; Mixteco de San Antonio Sinicahua; San Juan Teita Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Teita; Teita Mixtec; Tijaltepec Mixtec; Mixteco de San Pablo Tijaltepec; Mixteco de Santa María Yosoyúa; Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec; Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec; Mixteco de San Juan Ñumí; Mixteco del norte de Tlaxiaco; Ñumí Mixtec; Tacahua Mixtec; Mixteco de Santa Cruz Tacahua; Mixteco del sur medio +10538,Western Baja Mixtec,,17.63,-98.22,,,"Note on Mixtec languages: The system of classification adopted here follows the most detailed linguistic survey of Mixtec languages yet undertaken (Josserand 1983). While other sources, such as Ethnologue (18th edition), may include as many as 52 varieties of ""Mixtec"", the Catalogue identifies 12 distinct Mixtec languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,,,Mixteco del Oeste Alto +10539,One,,-3.3,141.9,,,"Dialect diversity among One varieties may be so great as to warrant subdivision into as many as six languages (Crowther 2001); indeed, Ethnologue (18th Edition) includes six separate entries. The issue, however, is not yet resolved (Foley 2016).",PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,aun; oin; okk; onk; onr; osu,Aunalei; Onele; Oni; Molmo One; Inebu One; Kwamtim One; Kuamtim; Kabore One; Northern One; Southern One +10540,Olo,,-3.4,142.1,oloo1241,ong,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ong,Orlei; Wape; Wapi +10541,Elkei,,-3.5,142.1,elke1240,elk,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,elk,Olkoi +10542,Yis,,-3.5,141.9,yiss1240,yis,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,yis, +10544,Au,,-3.6,142.1,auuu1241,avt,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,avt, +10545,Yil,,-3.5,142.2,yill1241,yll,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,yll, +10546,Ningil,,-3.54,142.27,ning1273,niz,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,niz,Gul; Ral +10547,Alu,,-3.39,142.25,diaa1238,dia,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,dia,Dia; Galu; Metru; Sinagen +10548,Galu,,-3.42,142.37,sina1269,siu,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,siu,Metru; Sinagen +10549,Gnau,,-3.59,142.2,gnau1240,gnu,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,gnu, +10550,Walman,,-3.25,142.5,valm1241,van,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,van,Valman; Koroko +10551,Aruop,,-3.46,142.48,aruo1240,lsr,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,lsr,Alatil; Lau'u; Lauisaranga; Lausurankin; Lawu Srenge; Srenge +10552,Aiku,,-3.51,142.46,yang1296,ymo,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymo,Yangum Mon; Malek; Menandon; Minendon; Monanda; Monandu; Umgrak-Aiku +10553,Kayik,,-3.6,142.5,wana1268,wnp,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,wnp,Wanap; Menandon; Minendon +10554,Agi,,-3.49,142.39,agii1245,aif,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aif,Metru +10555,Bragat,,-3.49,142.5,brag1240,aof,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aof,Alang; Alauagat; Braget; Yauan +10556,Urat,,-3.6,142.79,urat1244,urt,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,urt,Urakin; Wasepnau +10557,Yahang,,-3.73,142.4,yaha1247,rhp,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,rhp,Rurihi'ip; Ruruhip; Ruruhi’ip; Ya’unk +10558,Heyo,,-3.83,142.47,heyo1240,auk,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,auk,Arima; Arinua; Arinwa; Lolopani; Ruruhip; Wanwan; Wan Wan +10559,Siliput,,-3.61,142.4,sili1247,mkc,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkc,Mai; Maimai; Seleput; Sokorok +10560,Laeko-Libuat,,-3.7,142.24,laek1243,lkl,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,lkl,Laeko; Laeko-Limbuat; Watalu; Waitalu +10561,Lou,,-3.45,142.62,torr1259,tei,Not to be confused with the Austronesian language Lou spoken in Manus Province. ,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,tei,Anamagi; Torricelli +10563,Kombio,,-3.48,142.69,komb1272,xbi,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,xbi,Anamagi; Endangen +10564,Yambes,,-3.51,142.76,yamb1254,ymb,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymb, +10565,Wom,,-3.53,142.87,womp1235,wmo,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,wmo,Wam +10566,Aruek,,-3.38,142.72,arue1240,aur,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aur,Djang; Jang +10567,Mufian,,-3.58,142.96,mufi1238,aoj,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aoj,Mufwian; Muhian; Muhiang; Southern Arapesh +10568,Urim,,-3.6,142.79,urim1252,,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,urim,Kalp; Kurom; Tayon; Wan +10569,Abu',,-3.461612,142.917031,abua1245,aah,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,aah,Abu’ Arapesh; Ua +10570,Buna,,-3.96,144.12,buna1277,bvn,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvn, +10571,Kamasau,,-3.85,143.84,kama1367,kms,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,kms,Komasau; Komassau; Sagi; Wand Tuan +10572,Elepi,,-3.75,143.93,elep1240,ele,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ele,Elapi; Samap; Sumup; Blabla +10574,Muniwara,,-3.79,143.68,juwa1238,mwb,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwb,Juwal; Mambe; Muniwara; Tumara; Tumaru +10575,Urimo,,-3.86,143.7,urim1251,urx,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,urx,Yaugiba +10576,Bungain,,-3.7,143.8,bung1270,but,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,threatened,ISO 639-3,but, +10577,Monumbo,,-4.27,144.95,nucl1458,mxk,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mxk,Mambuwan +10578,Lilau,,-4.35,144.99,lila1246,lll,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,lll,Ngaimbom +10579,Yetfa-Biksi,,-4.06,140.65,yetf1238,yet,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yet,Yetfa; Biaksi; Biksi; Inisine +10580,May River Iwam,,-4.27,141.82,iwam1256,iwm,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,iwm,Iwam; May River +10581,Sepik Iwam,,-4.31,142.12,sepi1255,iws,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,iws,Yawenian +10582,Amal,,-4.05,142.0,amal1242,aad,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,aad,Amel; Alai +10583,Wogamusin,,-4.23,142.4,woga1249,wog,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,wog,Wongamusin +10584,I'saka,,-2.8,141.3,kris1246,ksi,,PG,Pacific,Sko,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ksi,Isaka; Krisa +10585,Rawo,,-2.84,141.6,rawo1244,rwa,,PG,Pacific,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,rwa, +10586,Mulao,,26.519,106.984,gela1264,giu,Not to be confused with Mulam [mlm].,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,giu,Ayo; 木佬語 +10587,Skou,,-2.64,140.9,nucl1634,skv,,ID,Southeast Asia,Sko,threatened,ISO 639-3,skv,Sekol; Sekou; Səkou; Sko; Skouw; Skow; Sukou; Te Mawo; Tumawo; Nuclear Skou; Te Máwo pílang nè ne +10588,Vanimo,,-2.69,141.26,vani1248,vam,,PG,Pacific,Sko,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vam,Dumo; Duso; Manimo; Wanimo +10589,Wutung,,-2.65,141.1,wutu1244,wut,,PG,Pacific,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,wut,Udung; Sangke +10590,Abau,,-3.97,141.32,abau1245,aau,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,aau,Green River; Djarok +10591,Pouye,,-3.73,141.86,pouy1238,bye,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,bye,Bouye; Buiye +10592,Awtuw,,-3.58,142.5,awtu1239,kmn,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,kmn,Autu; Kamnum +10593,Yessan-Mayo,,-4.16,142.57,yess1239,yss,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,yss,Maio-Yesan; Mayo-Yesan; Yasyin; Yesan; Mayo; Yamano +10594,Pasi,,-3.95,142.31,pasi1259,psq,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,psq,Besi; Warasai; Yau +10595,Pahi,,-3.8,142.3,pahi1246,lgt,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgt,Lugitama; Riahoma; Wansum +10597,Mehek,,-3.71,142.5,mehe1243,nux,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,nux,Driafleisuma; Indinogosima; Me’ek; Nuku +10598,Kalou,,-3.93985,142.217,kalo1262,ywa,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ywa,Yawa +10600,Namia,,-3.863,141.801,nami1256,nnm,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnm,Edawapi; Lujere; Namie; Nemia; Nemie; Watalu; Yellow River +10601,Awun,,-3.8,142.0,awun1245,aww,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,aww,Awon; Auwan +10602,Yerakai,,-4.29,142.95,yera1243,yra,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,yra,Yerekai; Garamambu +10603,Kwoma,,-4.09,142.66,kwom1262,kmo,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,kmo,Kuome; Washkuk +10604,Kwanga,,-3.74,142.71,kwan1278,kwj,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,kwj,Gawanga; Kawanga; Mende; Nihamber Sambu; Seim; Womsak +10605,Mende,,-3.75,142.75,mend1268,sim,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,sim,Seim; Nihamber; Sambu +10606,Ambulas,,-3.78,143.06,ambu1247,,"Ethnologue (18th edition) lists separate entries for ""Ambulas"" [abt] and ""Hanga Hundi"" [wos], the latter of which is considered a dialect (called ""West Wosera"") by Laycock (1973).",PG,Pacific,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abt; wos,Abelam; Abulas; Ambelas; Hanga Hundi; Kwasengen; West Wosera +10607,Boiken,,-3.25,143.25,boik1241,bzf,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzf,Boikin; Nucum; Yangoru; Yengoru +10608,Iatmul,,-4.3,143.32,iatm1242,ian,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,ian,Big Sepik; No. 2 Sepik; Middle Sepik; Gepma Kwudi; Gepma Kwundi; Ngepma Kwundi; Nyaura +10609,Manambu,,-4.19,142.86,mana1298,mle,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,mle, +1061,Isthmus Zapotec,,16.416667,-95.0,isth1244,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. For most linguists the number is much lower, between 4 and 10.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,Glottolog,isth1244,Isthmus Zapotec; Zapotec (Isthmus); Zapoteco (Istmo); Zapotec; Isthmus; Zapoteco del Istmo +10610,Burui,,-4.04,143.01,buru1309,bry,"Burui is included within Laycock's (1973) ""Sawos language"", which he admits may consist of multiple languages, noting that ""no real dialect surveys have been undertaken"". The classifications here follow the survey work of Staalsen (1975).",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bry,Sawos +10611,Gaikundi,,-4.02,143.14,gaik1242,gbf,"Gaikundi is included within Laycock's (1973) ""Sawos language"", which he admits may consist of multiple languages, noting that ""no real dialect surveys have been undertaken"". The classifications here follow the survey work of Staalsen (1975).",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbf,Gaikunti; Gaikwundi; Sawos +10612,Koiwat,,-4.03,143.62,koiw1243,kxt,"Koiwat is included within Laycock's (1973) ""Sawos language"", which he admits may consist of multiple languages, noting that ""no real dialect surveys have been undertaken"". The classifications here follow the survey work of Staalsen (1975).",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,kxt,Sawos +10613,Kwaruwi Kwundi,,-3.99,143.4,sosk1235,,"Kwaruwi Kwundi is included within Laycock's (1973) ""Sawos language"", which he admits may consist of multiple languages, noting that ""no real dialect surveys have been undertaken"". The classifications here follow the survey work of Staalsen (1975). Ethnologue (18th edition) further splits the language into ""Sos Kundi"" and ""Keak"" (cf. Richardson and Tupper 2013), but a more conservative classification is followed here.",PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,sdk; keh,Sos Kundi; Agbane; Agbanekundi; Akbana; Soskundi; Keak; Kwaruwikwundi; Sepik Plains; Tshuosh; Tshwosh; Sawos +10614,Sengo,,-4.02,142.96,seng1284,spk,"Laycock (1973) includes the village of Sengo as potentially Manambu-speaking, but, following Staalsen (1975), Sengo is treated as a separate language in the Catalogue of Endangered Languages.",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,spk,Manambu +10615,Yelogu,,-4.1,142.81,yelo1243,ylg,"A language referred to as ""Buiamanambu"" is listed in Laycock's (1973) survey of Sepik languages; there was no data available, but later references suggest that the village in question speaks Yelogu, and so its speaker numbers are reflected in the data below. ",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ylg,Yalaku; Buiamanambu; Kaunga; Buiamanambu; Bwiamanambu +10616,Alamblak,,-4.66,143.32,alam1246,amp,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,amp,Arambak +10617,Kapriman,,-4.51,143.24,kapr1245,dju,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dju,Sare; Mugumute; Wasare +10618,Watakataui,,-4.59,143.0,wata1251,wtk,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,wtk,Waxe; Waxei +10619,Bisis,,-4.46,143.06,bisi1244,bnw,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnw,Yambiyambi +1062,Itelmen,,57.1496,156.9012,itel1242,itl,"The ethnonym Kamchadal is also used to refer to the old Russian-speaking immigrant population of Kamchatka, which may or may not have absorbed Itelmen-speaking elements in the past.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itl,ительменский язык; Itənmən; Kamchadal; Itelymem; итэнмэн; камчадальский язык; Итәнмән’ин крвэӆхатас +10620,Bahinemo,,-4.56,142.83,bahi1254,bjh,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bjh,Bahenemo; Gahom; Inaru; Wogu; Yigai +10621,Berinomo,,-4.42,142.46,beri1253,bit,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,bit,Bitara; Apowasi; Perbi +10622,Saniyo-Hiyewe,,-4.44,142.37,sani1270,sny,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,sny,Sanio; Sanio-Hiowe +10623,Niksek,,-4.83,142.45,niks1238,gbe,"Laycock (1973) mentions three potentially separate languages: Setiali, Paka, and Gabiano. There is very little data on any of these, however, but they are likely all dialects of a single language (Conrad and Lewis 1988).",PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbe,Meiyari; Sumwari; Setiali; Paka; Gabiano +10624,Lizu,,28.330373,101.36055,lizu1234,,"Note that not to be confused with Lisu [lis] which is a Loloish language. + +Documentation project “Ersu and Xumi: Comparative and Cross-Varietal Documentation of Highly Endangered Languages of South-West China” by CNRS-CRLAO (France), Sichuan Minorities Institute, and Xichang College, supported by the Endangered Languages Documentation Programme (grant number MPD0257), 2013-2016.",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,里汝語; Lüzu; 吕蘇; 傈蘇 +10625,Duoxu,,28.549809,102.177082,duox1238,,"Documentation project “Ersu and Xumi: Comparative and Cross-Varietal Documentation of Highly Endangered Languages of South-West China” by CNRS-CRLAO (France), Sichuan Minorities Institute, and Xichang College, supported by the Endangered Languages Documentation Programme (grant number MPD0257), 2013-2016.",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,,,多緒; 多須 +10626,Hewa,,-5.04,142.55,hewa1241,ham,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,ham,Sisimin; Umairof; Yoliapi +10628,Bisorio,,-4.78,143.21,biso1243,,"Ethnologue (18th edition) lists ""Bikaru"" [bic] as a separate language, despite also listing it as a dialect of Bisorio. The entry for Bikaru follows Laycock's (1973) tentative assignment of the language to the Sepik family, but Conrad and Lewis (1988) argue that Bikaru is a dialect of Bisorio (Trans-New Guinea family).",PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bir; bic,Bi; Gne; Sidi; Iniai; Inyai-Gadio-Bisorio; Bikaru; Bigalu; Bugalu; Pikaru +10629,Angoram,,-4.08,144.03,ango1255,,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,aog; myd,Kanda; Olem; Pondo; Sepik No. 1; Tjimundo; Maramba +10630,Karawari,,-4.49,143.59,tabr1243,tzx,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tzx,Tabriak +10631,Chambri,,-4.28,143.1,cham1313,can,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,can,Tchambuli; Tshamberi +10632,Biwat,,-4.39,143.87,biwa1243,bwm,,PG,Pacific,Yuat,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwm,Munduguma; Mundugumor; Mundokuma; Mundukumo +10633,Miyak,,-4.67,143.85,kyen1243,kql,,PG,Pacific,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,kql,Kyenele; Bulang; Keñele; Kenen Birang; Kenying; Keyele; Kyenying-Barang +10634,Mekmek,,-4.47,143.75,mekm1240,mvk,,PG,Pacific,Yuat,threatened,ISO 639-3,mvk, +10635,Changriwa,,-4.28,143.7,chan1319,cga,,PG,Pacific,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,cga, +10636,Bun,,-4.52,143.89,bunn1240,buv,,PG,Pacific,Yuat,endangered,ISO 639-3,buv, +10637,Ap Ma,,-4.35,144.09,apma1241,kbx,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbx,Ap Ma Botin; Botin; Kambot; Karaube; Keram +10638,Abu,,-4.24,144.47,abuu1241,ado,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,ado,Adjora; Adjoria; Azao +10639,Ambakich,,-4.2,144.25,amba1269,aew,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aew,Aion; Porapora +1064,Orejón,,-2.7674,-72.9492,orej1242,ore,,PE,South America,Tucanoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ore,Maijuna; Mai Huna; Maihuna; Coto; Payguaje; Payaguá; Koto; Payagua; Orejone; Mai Ja; Oregon; Orechon; Tutapi; Orejó; Koihoma; Payoguaje; Maihiki +10640,Banaro,,-4.57,144.33,bana1292,byz,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,byz,Banar; Banara; Waran +10641,Meakambut,,-4.96,143.64,anda1283,afd,"The Arafundi languages are closely related, possibly forming a dialect chain. In the Catalogue they are classified as three languages, but this is not the only possible categorization.",PG,Pacific,Arafundi,endangered,ISO 639-3,afd,Andai; Arafundi; Pundungum; Wangkai; Imboin +10642,Alfendio,,-4.75,143.64,,,"The Arafundi languages are closely related, possibly forming a dialect chain. In the Catalogue they are classified as three languages, but this is not the only possible categorization. + +Ethnologue (18th edition) includes two entries that correspond to what Laycock (1973) identifies as Alfendio: Nanubae [afk] and Tapei [afp].",PG,Pacific,Arafundi,endangered,ISO 639-3,afk; afp,Arafundi; Nanubae; Aunda; Kapagmai; Tapei; Imboin; Lower Arafundi; Upper Arafundi +10643,Anor,,-4.98,144.8,anor1241,anj,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,anj, +10644,Aiome,,-5.13,144.76,aiom1240,aki,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aki,Ayom +10645,Watam,,-4.03,144.58,wata1253,wax,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,wax,Marangis +10646,Kaian,,-4.07,144.76,kaia1245,kct,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kct,Kayan +10647,Borei,,-4.09,144.72,bore1247,gai,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,gai,Borei; Gamai; Gamay; Gamei; Mbore; Mborei +10648,Awar,,-4.14,144.84,awar1249,aya,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aya, +10649,Bosmun,,-4.16,144.65,bosn1248,bqs,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqs,Bosman; Bosngun +1065,Paresí,,-14.3525,-58.0174,pare1272,pab,,BR,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pab,Parecís; Paressí; Ariti; Pareche; Paresi; Parecis; Haliti; Paretí; Arawak +10650,Aruamu,,-4.29,144.84,arua1260,msy,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,msy,Ariawia; Ariawiai; Gumasi; Makarub; Makarup; Mikarew; Mikarew-Ariaw; Mikarup +10651,Sepen,,-4.23,144.81,sepe1240,spm,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,spm,Akukem +10652,Kire,,-4.26,144.71,kire1240,geb,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,geb,Gire; Giri; Kire-Puire +10653,Tangu,,-4.46,144.92,tang1355,tgu,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tgu,Tanggu; Tanggum +10654,Kanggape,,-4.42,144.82,kang1291,igm,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,igm,Igom +10655,Tanguat,,-4.57,144.93,tang1356,tbs,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,tbs, +10656,Andarum,,-4.49,144.77,anda1284,aod,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,aod, +10657,Inapang,,-4.68,144.9,inap1241,mzu,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzu,Itutang; Midsivindi +10658,Breri,,-4.73,144.71,brer1240,brq,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,brq,Kuanga +10659,Romkun,,-4.59,144.69,romk1240,rmk,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,rmk,Romkuin +1066,Kubeo,,1.5,-70.5,cube1242,cub,,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cub,Cubeo; Hahänana; Hehenawa; Cuveo; Kobeua; Kubwa; Kobewa; Pamiwa; Kubewa; Pamié; Cubeu; Kobéwa +10660,Kwomtari,,-3.51,141.49,nucl1593,kwo,,PG,Pacific,Kwomtari-Nai,threatened,ISO 639-3,kwo, +10661,Nai,,-3.73,141.27,naii1241,bio,,PG,Pacific,Kwomtari-Nai,endangered,ISO 639-3,bio,Biaka; Nai-Biaka +10662,Ama,,-4.2,141.66,amap1240,amm,,PG,Pacific,Left May,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amm,Sawiyanu; Waniabu; Neinbonei +10663,Owiniga,,-4.47,141.7,owin1240,owi,,PG,Pacific,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,owi,Bero; Samo; Taina +10664,Nakwi,,-4.27,141.6,nakw1240,nax,,PG,Pacific,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,nax, +10665,Nimo,,-4.36,141.58,nimo1247,niw,,PG,Pacific,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,niw,Nimo-Wasawai; Nimo-Wasuai; Birua +10666,Manem,,-2.99,141.02,mane1266,jet,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,jet,Manam; Jeti; Skofro; Wembi; Yeti +10667,Waris,,-3.14,140.93,wari1266,wrs,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrs,Walsa +10668,Sowanda,,-3.28,140.92,sowa1245,sow,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,sow,Punda-Umeda; Pundina; Waina; Waina-Sowanda; Wanja; Wanya; Wina +10669,Auwe,,-3.34,141.25,auwe1239,smf,,PG,Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,smf,Simog +1067,Singpho,,27.5569,96.7456,sing1264,sgp,mutually unintelligible with Jingphaw/Kachin spoken in Burma (Morey 2006),IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgp,Sing-Fo; Kachin; Jingphaw +10670,Amanab,,-3.55,141.18,aman1265,amn,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,amn, +10671,Pagi,,-3.05,141.25,pagi1244,pgi,,PG,Pacific,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,pgi,Bembi; Pagei +10672,Kilmeri,,-2.89,141.19,kilm1241,kih,,PG,Pacific,Border,threatened,ISO 639-3,kih,Kilmera +10673,Angor,,-3.72,141.2,ango1254,agg,,PG,Pacific,Senagi,threatened,ISO 639-3,agg,Anggor; Senagi; Watapor +10674,Dera,,-3.6,141.0,dera1245,kbv,"Laycock (1973) lists two separate languages--Dera (Dra) and Duka-Ekor--although all data from the latter come from Voorhoeve (1971), citing Galis (1956). These are, however, mutually intelligible dialects of the same language (de Sousa 2006).",ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Senagi,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbv,Dla; Dra; Kamberataro; Kamberatoro; Mangguar; Menggwa Dla; Duka-Ekor +10675,Telefol,,-5.07,141.73,tele1256,tlf,,PG,Pacific,Telefol,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlf,Eripataman; Teleefool; Telefool; Telefolmin; Telefomin +10676,Suganga,,-4.51,141.2,suga1249,sug,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sug,Blimo; North Mianmin; Wagarabai +10677,Tifal,,-5.04,141.29,tifa1245,tif,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,tif,Tifalmin +10678,Oksapmin,,-5.21,142.18,oksa1245,opm,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,opm,Nalu +10679,Elseng,,-3.0,140.42,else1239,mrf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrf,Djanggu; Janggu; Malluo; Maluak; Morwap; Sawa; Tabu +10680,Karkar-Yuri,,-3.74954,141.098,kark1258,yuj,,PG,Pacific,Pauwasi,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuj,Karkar; Yuri +10681,Mian,,-4.9,141.6,mian1256,mpt,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mpt,Mianmin; Miyanmin +10682,Yalë,,-3.8,141.57,yale1246,nce,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,nce,Yale; Yade; Yadë; Yare; Yarë; Nagatiman; Nagatman +10683,Siawi,,-4.05,141.42,siaw1243,mmp,,PG,Pacific,Amto-Musan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mmp,Musa; Musan; Musian; Siafli; Siwai +10684,Pinai-Hagahai,,-5.13,144.14,pina1252,pnn,"Laycock (1973) lists Pinai (Pinaye, Wapi) and Aramaue as two separate languages, but these are treated as one language by Melliger (2000). A third possible language, ""Erem"", is listed by Laycock based on an uncensused village, but he writes: ""It is quite probable that the language spoken there is Pinai.""",PG,Pacific,Piawi,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pnn,Aramaue; Aramo; Erem; Hagahai; Miamia; Pinai; Pinaye; Wapi +10685,Haruai,,-5.1,144.34,haru1245,tmd,,PG,Pacific,Piawi,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmd,Harway; Taman; Waibuk; Wiyau; Wiyavik; Wiyaw; Wovan +10686,Kopkaka,,-4.91,139.93,kopk1238,opk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,opk,Kopka +10687,Iwur,,-5.11,140.82,iwur1240,iwo,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,iwo,Dintere; Iwoer; Iwur; Morop +10688,North Muyu,,-5.55,140.84,nort2916,kti,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kti,Kataut; Kati Ninanti; Kati-Ninanti; Muyu; Niinati; Ninatie; North Kati; North Moejoe; Yonggom; Yongkom; Yongom +10689,South Muyu,,-6.01,140.81,sout2940,kts,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kts,Digoel; Digoeleesch; Digul; Kati Metomka; Kati-Metomka; Metomka; Moejoe; Muyu; Ok Bari; South Kati; Yonggom; Yongkom; Yongom +10690,Ninggerum,,-5.43,141.16,ning1274,nxr,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,nxr,Kasiwa; Kativa; Muyu; Ningerum; Ninggeroem; Ninggirum; Ninggrum; Niyium; Obgwo; Orgwo; Tedi; Tidi +10691,Yonggom,,-6.43,141.21,yong1280,yon,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,yon,Yongom; Yongkom +10692,Bimin,,-5.39,142.04,bimi1240,bhl,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bhl, +10693,Faiwol,,-5.5,141.66,faiw1243,fai,"Voorhoeve (1975) lists a language ""Kauwol"", but this is likely (a dialect of?) Faiwol. It it said to have about 500 speakers, most of whom live on the Papua New Guinean side of the border.",PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,fai,Angkiyakmin; Faiwolmin; Fegolmin; Kauwol; Wokeimin +10694,Urapmin,,-5.09,141.54,urap1239,urm,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,urm, +10695,Nakai,,-5.19,140.51,naka1265,nkj,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkj,Na’ai; Nagai; Na’i +10696,Ngalum,,-4.68,141.03,ngal1298,szb,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,szb,Sibil +10697,Kominimung,,-4.69,144.78,komi1271,xoi,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,xoi, +10698,Ayi,,-3.96,142.41,ayip1235,ayq,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayq, +10699,Nambi,,-3.53,142.33,nabi1239,mty,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,mty,Menandon; Metan; Minendon; Mitang; Nabi; Nambieb +10700,Emumu,,-3.74,140.9,emum1240,enr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pauwasi,threatened,ISO 639-3,enr,Emem; Imimkal; Kiamerop +10705,Nukna,,-6.007053,146.980984,nukn1238,klt,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klt,Komutu +10708,Sadu,,24.083,102.1732,sadu1234,,classified under the Bai nationality (白族),CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,撒都語 +10709,Cosao,,21.4515,102.1121,cosa1234,,"unclassified before 2004, but now under the Hani 哈尼 nationality. These people fled to China from Laos.",CN LA,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,,,Caosao; 搓梭語; tsho55 sɔ55; Cuosuo +10715,Aka-Bo,,13.270513,92.837538,akab1248,akm,,IN,South Asia,Great Andamanese,dormant,ISO 639-3,akm,Bo; Ba +10716,Aka-Kora,,13.390518,93.040969,akak1251,ack,,IN,South Asia,Great Andamanese,dormant,ISO 639-3,ack,Kora; Khora; Aka-Khora; Aka-Cora +10717,Yilan Creole,,24.61,121.687,yila1234,,"The grammar is based on Atayal, whereas 70% of the lexicon is from Japanese.",TW,East Asia,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,,,Hanhsi Atayal; Hanxi; 寒溪話; 宜蘭克里奧爾; 寒溪泰雅語 +10718,Nasal,,-4.85985,103.482911,nasa1239,nsy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nsy, +10720,Nadouhua,,19.013,108.678,cunn1236,,"Not to be confused with Bolyu 倈語 [ply], which is Austroasiatic, in Guangxi, China.",CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,,,Natou; Laiyu; 那斗話; 來語 +10721,Uruava,,-6.225209,155.573703,urua1242,urv,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,urv, +10722,Jowshaqani,,33.99,51.4,jows1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,,, +10724,Kesha'i,,33.23,51.47,kesh1234,,"""The speakers of Keša’i call their vernacular ozmun dahâhi 'village language', an endonym shared by some kindred dialects.""",IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,,,Keša'i; Keši +10725,"Moi (Maluku, Indonesia)",,0.3891447,127.3244647,west2600,mqs,"Not to be confused with Taba (East Makian), an Austronesian language spoken on the eastern half of Makian Island. Distinct from Moi spoken in Papua. ",ID,Southeast Asia,North Halmaheran,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mqs,West Makian; Makian Luar +10726,Farvi,,33.47,55.05,farv1234,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,,,Farvigi +10730,Abun,,-0.52,132.19,abun1252,kgr,"""There are four identifiable dialects all of which are mutually intelligible, although intelligibility decreases when greater geographic distance is involved."" (Berry and Berry 1999:1)",ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kgr,Karon Pantai; Madik; Yimbun +10731,Mpur,,-0.75,133.17,mpur1239,akc,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,akc, +10732,Tanahmerah,,-2.55,133.18,tana1288,tcm,Not to be confused with several other places and languages in Indonesian Papua also called tanahmerah (literally 'brown earth' in Malay),ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,tcm,Sumeri +10733,Chiriqui Sign Language,,8.409086,-82.429146,chir1296,,"Note: Deaf people in the Chiriqui province of Panama assert that their sign variety, Lengua de Señas de Chiriquí (LSCH, Chiriqui Sign Language), is distinct from Panamanian Sign Language as used predominantly in the Panama-Colon corridor. ",PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,,,Lengua de Señas de Chiriqui; LSCH +10734,Fasu,,-6.63,143.28,fasu1242,faa,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,faa, +10735,Dibiyaso,,-7.82,142.78,dibi1240,dby,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dby,Bainapi; Dibiasu; Pikiwa +10740,Pawaia,,-6.88,145.08,pawa1255,pwa,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,pwa,Aurama; Pavaia; Pawaian; Sira; Tudahwe; Yasa +10741,Kibiri-Porome,,-7.45,144.3,kibi1239,prm,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,prm,Kibiri; Gibiri; Polome; Porome +10742,Purari,,-7.746167,145.088916,pura1257,iar,Languages that make up the Elema language family are spoken on the southern coast of Papua New Guinea in the central to eastern Gulf Province,PG,Pacific,Non-Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,iar,Evorra; Iai; Koriki; Maipua; Namau +10743,Bogaya,,-5.54,142.25,boga1247,boq,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,boq,Bogaia; Pogaya +10744,Kamula,,-7.29,142.64,kamu1260,xla,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,xla,Wawoi +10745,Kaure,,-3.347215,139.812557,kaur1271,bpp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Kaure,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpp,Kaureh; Kaurne +10746,Siphuthi,,-30.572829,27.732915,phut1246,,,ZA LS,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,,,Seputhi; Sephuthi; Phuthi +10747,Tao,,22.045,121.544,yami1254,tao,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tao,Yami; 達悟; 雅美 +10748,Komnzo,,-8.702164,141.587799,komn1238,,,PG,Pacific,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,,, +10749,Aulua,,-16.36,167.7,aulu1238,aul,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aul, +10750,Burmbar,,-16.42,167.73,burm1263,vrt,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vrt,Banam Bay; Vartavo +10751,Lendamboi,,-16.43,167.57,lete1241,nms,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nms,Small Nambas; Letemboi +10752,Malua Bay,,-16.0,167.18,malu1245,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,malu1245,Malakula; Middle Nambas +10753,Unua,,-16.26,167.6,unua1237,onu,The name 'Unua' is derived from bangon nue 'mouth river'. (Elizabeth Pearce 2015),VU,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,onu,Onua +10754,Adithinngithigh,,-12.887711,141.717248,arit1239,dth,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dth,Adetingiti +10755,Awngthim,,-12.587833,142.023835,awng1245,gwm,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gwm,Angutimi; Mamangidigh +10756,Bigambal,,-28.166667,150.166667,biga1237,xbe,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xbe,Bigambul; Bigumbil +10757,Taungurung,,-36.966911,145.420664,daun1234,dgw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dgw,Daungwurrung; Daung Wurrung; Dhagung-wurrung; Taungurong; Thagawurung +10759,Ikaranggal,,-14.620126,143.932745,ikar1243,ikr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ikr,Ikarranggali; Aghu Tharnggalu +10760,Koko Babangk,,-15.826024,141.480158,koko1273,okg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,okg,Kok Peponk; Kok-Babonk; Koko Kunaniy; Kok-Papangk; Kok-Paponk +10761,Kuuk-Yak,,-14.861156,142.053713,kuuk1243,uky,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,uky,Kuuk Yak; Koko Yak; Kuku Yak +10763,Mayi-Yapi,,-19.194796,140.468383,mayi1235,xyj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyj,Majabi; Miappe; Miappi; Miubbi; Myabi; Myappe +10764,Ngalakgan,,-14.300215,134.298144,ngal1293,nig,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nig,Ngalakant; Hongalla; Ngalangan +10765,Volow,,-13.65,167.713,motl1237,mlv,This language was considered a dialect of Mwotlap [mlv].,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mlv,Valuwa +10766,Mwesen,,-13.898,167.538,vure1239,msn,François et al. (2015:18) lists Mwesen as an independent language from Vurës.,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,msn,Mosina +10767,Olrat,,-14.313,167.433,olra1234,olr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,olr, +10768,Vunapu,,-14.834,166.741,vuna1239,vnp,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vnp, +10769,Valpei,,-14.883,166.577,valp1237,vlp,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vlp, +10773,Bura,,-15.403194,166.675312,bura1300,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10774,Moiso,,-15.442909,166.859333,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10775,Kene,,-15.49585,166.754963,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10776,Daruru,,-15.616242,166.785161,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, +10777,Ande,,-15.470705,166.936238,moro1286,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,,Morouas +10778,Retlatur,,-15.629468,166.834614,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, +10780,Merei,,-15.51173,166.888172,mere1242,lmb,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,lmb,Tiale; Lametin; Malmariv +10781,Atin,,-15.441585,166.980183,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10782,Ati (Vanuatu),,-15.393926,166.96645,polo1242,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Polonombauk; Meris +10783,Farnanto,,-15.370092,166.96645,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,, +10784,Se,,-15.383333,166.999409,,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Fanafo +10785,Sinia,,-15.309171,166.801655,navu1237,nsw,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nsw,Navut +10786,Butmas-Tur,,-15.338309,167.106526,butm1237,bnr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnr,Ati; Farafi +10787,Ternate,,0.783333,127.366667,tern1247,tft,"Not to be confused with Ternate Malay. Linguistically similar to neighboring Tidore, though considered by speakers to be a distinct language. ",ID,Southeast Asia,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tft, +10788,Tangoa,,-15.592599,166.991513,tang1347,tgp,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgp,Movono +10789,Nasvang,,-16.456484,167.664426,nasv1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10790,Avok,,-16.501248,167.730344,avok1244,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10791,Nisvai,,-16.431448,167.715238,nisv1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,,Vetbon +10792,Mbwenelang,,-16.348447,167.737211,bwen1239,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10793,Rerep,,-16.277265,167.663053,rere1240,pgk,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pgk,Pangkumu; Tisman +10794,Vivti,,-16.250234,167.531217,vivt1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10795,Nitita,,-16.214958,167.518171,niti1249,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10797,Vovo,,-15.898421,167.202132,vovo1238,,"Not to be confused with Bieria [brj], which is another Vanuatu language that may also be referred to as Vovo.",VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +10798,Najit,,-15.954546,167.198012,naji1240,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10799,Njav,,-15.975671,167.258437,njav1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10800,Nivat,,-16.271847,167.451384,niva1239,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,,, +10801,Orkon,,-16.242462,168.218976,orko1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,,,Fanbak +10802,Lelepa,,-17.597085,168.20924,lele1267,lpa,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lpa,Havannah Harbour +10803,Eton,,-17.753446,168.559429,eton1255,etn,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,etn, +10804,Tholp,,-15.24301,167.134045,lore1244,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,,,Nethalp +10806,Anem,,-5.54836,148.993,anem1249,anz,"""Some hypotheses relate Anem to other languages of New Britain, especially with Pete-Ata, and the East Papuan islands based on typology or pronouns (see Dunn et al. 2005a,b, Ross 2001, Thurston 1992) but the resemblances are much too minor to conclude a genealogical relation."" (Hammarström, forthcoming)",PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,anz,Anêm +10807,Pele-Ata,,-5.58045,151.05,pele1245,ata,"""Some hypotheses relate Pele-Ata to languages of Britain, especially with Anem, and the East Papuan islands based on typology or pronouns (see Dunn et al. 2005a, 2002, 2005b, Ross 2001) but the resemblances are much too minor to conclude a genealogical relation."" (Hammarström, forthcoming)",PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,,ata, +10808,Bilua,,-7.748003,156.660565,bilu1245,blb,"""Bilua is sometimes grouped with the other Central Solomons languages and beyond (Wurm 1975b) but closer inspection shows that a genealogical relation is not demonstrable (Dunn and Terrill 2012, Terrill 2011)"" (Hammarström, forthcoming).",PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,blb, +10809,Kol,,-5.21042,151.583,kolp1236,kol,"""At present. Kol has not been demonstrated to form bona-fide family with any of the other languages of Britain (Dunn et al. 2005a, 2002, 2005b, Stebbins 2009) but there are promising similarities between the noun class systems of Kol and the Baining languages that must be examined as soon as a more extensive description of Kol is published (cf. Stebbins 2009:229, 238)"" (Hammarström, forthcoming).",VU,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kol, +1081,Bade,,12.801,11.1181,bade1248,bde,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,bde,Bede; Bedde; Gidgid +10810,Sulka,,-5.03471,151.891,sulk1246,sua,"""At present Sulka has not been demonstrated to form bona-fide family with any of the other languages of New Britain (Reesink 2005:145-146, Stebbins 2009, Dunn et al. 2005a, Dunn et al. 2005b)."" (Hammarström, forthcoming)",PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sua, +10811,Touo,,-8.58405,157.296,touo1238,tqu,"Touo is sometimes grouped with the other Central Solomons languages and beyond (Wurm 1973b) but closer inspection shows that a genealogical relation is not demonstrable (Dunn and Terrill 2012, Terrill 2011)"" (Hammarström, forthcoming).",PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,tqu, +10812,Yele,,-11.3796,154.127,yele1255,yle,"Yele is sometimes grouped with the other languages of the East Papuan islands (Dunn et al. 2005a,b, Ross 2001, Wurm 1975b) but none of these groupings can be demonstrated with orthodox comparative methodology"" (Hammarström, forthcoming).",PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yle,Yélî Dnye +10814,Lebo' Vo' Kenyah,,3.2974,114.7831,long1406,,"Often referred to simply as ""Kenyah"". Many also use the name of the villages where this language is spoken as identifiers. The name ""Kenyah"" refers to a larger group of communities who are ethnically Kenyah and speak languages belonging to the Kenyah subgroup, but Kenyah itself contains 4-5 individual languages with internal dialect diversity. The Lebo' Vo' variety of Kenyah described here is not mutually intelligible with other Kenyah varieties, and speakers of Lebo' Vo' must use either Malay or ""Lepo"" type Kenyah Dialects when speaking with the wider Kenyah community. ",MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,,,Kenyah; Long San Kenyah +10816,Ahamb,,-16.516381,167.649982,axam1237,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,axam1237,Axamb; Akhamb; Akamb; naujin sdrato [nauˈtʃin sndraˈto] ‘our language’ +10817,Tirax,,-16.011314,167.26444,maee1241,mme,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mme,Mae; Dirak +1082,Bakpinka,,5.3644,8.2397,bakp1238,bbs,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbs,Begbungba; Uwet; Iyongiyong; Iyoniyong +10820,Lamen,,-16.583371,168.133733,lame1260,lmu,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lmu,Lamenu; Varmali +10821,Anejom̃,,-20.176517,169.813967,anei1239,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,,Aneityum +10822,Lo-Toga,,-13.348755,166.641462,loto1240,lht,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lht,Loh; Toga +10824,Nume,,-14.214274,167.563977,nume1241,tgs,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgs,Tasarag +10829,Sirenikski,,64.416667,-173.95,sire1246,ysr,"Sirenikski represents a third branch of the Eskimo language family, coordinate to Yupik and Inuit.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Eskimo-Aleut,dormant,ISO 639-3,ysr,Sirenik; Old Sirenik +10832,Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic,,31.9567,34.7422,jude1264,yud,,IL LY,Africa; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yud, +10833,Uzbeki Spoken Arabic,,38.833333,66.083333,uzbe1248,auz,,UZ,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,auz,Tajiki; Central Asian Arabic +10834,Judeo-Moroccan Arabic,,33.5,-7.5,jude1265,aju,,IL MA,Africa; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,aju, +10835,Judeo-Yemeni Arabic,,15.646,43.929,jude1267,jye,,IL YE,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jye, +10836,Babalia Creole Arabic,,12.113056,15.049167,baba1273,bbz,,TD,Africa,Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbz, +10837,Judeo-Egyptian Arabic,,,,,,,IL EG,Africa; Near East,,,,, +10838,North Mesopotamian Arabic,,36.2986,42.0047,nort3142,ayp,Jastrow (2006) notes that the four dialect groups are not mutually intelligible with one another and that speakers from different areas use Turkish to communicate. ,TR,Europe,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,ayp,Mesopotamian Arabic; Anatolian Arabic +10839,Razihi,,16.911667,43.281111,jaba1234,,,YE,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,,,Jabal Rāziḥ +10840,Garma'i,,,,garm1244,,"Garma'i and Iraji are dialects of the same language, which may be termed as Garma'i, as the Garma'i dialect has the larger number of speakers. Garma'i is not intelligible with the other Biabanaki languages Khuri or Farvi.",IR,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,,, +10844,Southern Tepehuán,,25.4120847,-100.9430248,sout2975,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,stp; tla; sout2975,Tepecano; O’dam; Audam +10845,Northern Tepehuán,,26.43,-107.38,nort2959,ntp,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntp,Northern Tepehuan +10847,Sedehi,,,,sede1245,,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,,,Varnosfaderani +10851,Highland Ecuadorian Quichua,,,,,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Ethnologue (2017) lists a number of separate ""languages"" where others consider them to be dialects of a single language: Loja [qvj]; Calderón; Cañar Highland Quichua [qxr]; Chimborazo [qug]; Imbabura Quichua [qvi]; Northern Pastaza Quichua [qvz]; Southern Pastaza Quichua [qup]; Salasca [qxl]; Tena Quichua [quw]; Napo Quichua [qvo].",EC,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvj; qud; qxr; qug; qvi; qvz; qxj; quw; qvo,Loja; Calderón [qud]; Cañar Highland Quichua [qxr]; Chimborazo [qug]; Imbabura Quichua [qvi]; Northern Pastaza Quichua [qvz]; Salasca [qxl]; Tena Quichua [quw]; Napo Quichua [qvo]; Cotopaxi Quichua. +10852,Chiquian-Bolognesi and Cajatambo Quechua,,-9.925084,-76.239332,,,"Sources differ greatly with respect to Quechuan languages and varieties, both with respect to which may be separate languages vs. which just dialects of the same language, and with respect to how to classify them. The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Ethnologue distinguishes three ""languages"" here where others consider them variants of a single one: +Quechua, Ambo-Pasco [qva] +Quechua, Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco [qvh] +Quechua, Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha [qvm]",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qva; qvh; qvm,Alto Pativilca +10853,Catamarca and La Rioja Quechua,,-28.466666666666665,-65.78333333333333,cata1288,,"Sources differ greatly with respect to Quechuan languages and varieties, both with respect to which may be separate languages vs. which just dialects of the same language, and with respect to how to classify them. The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)",AR,South America,Quechuan,dormant,Glottolog,cata1288,Quichcua +10854,Southern Yauyos Quechua,,,,,,"Sources differ greatly with respect to Quechuan languages and varieties, both with respect to which may be separate languages vs. which just dialects of the same language, and with respect to how to classify them. The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Southern Yauyos Quechua consists of: + Lincha-Tana, Apurí-Madeán-Víñac, Azángaro-Chocos-Huangáscar, San Pedro de Huacarpana, and Cacra-Hongos (dialects treated in Shimelman 2017). There is also Chavín de Topará. + +Cacra-Hongos is closest to Quechua I, possibly a Quechua I dialect itself. The other dialects are Quechua II (some with heavy Quechua I influence). + +Ethnologue has only Yauyos Quechua [qux] and does not distinguish Northern Yauyos and Southern Yauyos as separate languages; however, they are distinct (see Shimelman 2017). (Willem Adelaar personal communication.) + + +",PE,South America,Quechuan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,, +10855,Northern Yauyos Quechua,,,,,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987). + +Ethnologue has only Yauyos Quechua [qux] and does not distinguish Northern Yauyos and Southern Yauyos, shown distinct by Shimelman (2017). (Willem Adelaar personal communication)",PE,South America,Quechuan,dormant,LINGUIST List,, +10856,Alto Huallaga Quechua,,,,,,"According to Torero (1964), this (Alto Huallaga) is an area with separate characteristics, distinct from Huallaga Quechua.",PE,South America,,,LINGUIST List,,Upper Huallaga Quechua; Eastern Huánuco Quechua +10858,Natchez,,31.75,-91.33,natc1249,ncz,,US,North America,,awakening,ISO 639-3,ncz, +10859,Barbareño,,34.043946,-118.916536,barb1263,boi,,,,Chumashan,awakening,ISO 639-3,boi,Šmuwič; Chumash +10860,Malabar Indo-Portuguese Creole,,11.864854,75.369846,mala1464,mal,,IN,South Asia,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mal,Kerala Portuguese Creole +10861,Mesmes,,7.53825,37.5742,mesm1243,mys,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,mys,Mäsmäs +10869,Minderico,,39.517,-8.683,mind1263,drc,,PT,Europe,Ibero-Romance,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,drc,Piação do Ninhou; Minde +10872,Zenzontepec Chatino,,16.53,-97.5,zenz1235,czn,"Ethnologue has 6 Chatino ""languages""; INALI also has 6 Chatino ""variantes.""",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,czn,Chatino; Northern Chatino; Chatino Occidental Alto +10880,Palawa Kani,,-42.8788412,147.3217322,,,"Palawa Kani is a constructed language based on the original Tasmanian languages. The last speaker of the Tasmanian languages, Fanny Cochrane Smith, passed in 1905.",AU,Australia,,,,, +10888,Bima,,-8.46,118.726667,bima1247,bhp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,bhp,Bimanese +10889,Batak Karo,,3.141907,98.227524,bata1293,btx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,btx,Karo Batak +10890,Paluai,,-2.559112,147.281946,balu1257,,"Paluai is spoken both on Baluan Island and on Pam Island. The two varieties are very similar, only differing by a few lexical items. Speakers of both islands regard their language varieties to be very similar. Paluai is also very similar to Lou Language spoken on nearby Lou island. As much as 80-90% of the lexicons of the two languages overlap, and there is very little grammatical difference.",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,Glottolog,balu257,Pam-Baluan +10891,Bonerate,,-7.322884,121.09935,bone1254,bna,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bna, +10893,Shelta,,53.178583,-7.556409,shel1236,sth,,GB IE,Europe,,,ISO 639-3,sth,Cant; Gammon; Irish Traveler Cant; Sheldru; The Cant +10894,Scots,,57.149,-2.094,scot1243,sco,,,,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,sco, +10899,Babanki,,5.973611,10.323333,baba1266,bbk,,,,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bbk,Kejom; Kedjom +10900,Nsong,,-5.054521,18.781299,song1299,soo,"Nsong is commonly called Songo, which is the name for the language in the lingua franca of the region, Kikongo.",CD,Africa,Bantu,threatened,ISO 639-3,soo,Songo +10901,Nda'nda',,4.60509,10.19952,ndan1241,nnz,-,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnz,Bamileke-Nda’nda’; Bangwa +10906,Mingrelian,,42.01444,43.566671,ming1252,xmf,,GE,Caucasus,South Caucasian,at risk,ISO 639-3,xmf,Megrelian; Margali; Margaluri; Megrel; Megruli +10911,Khatso,,24.148024,102.664922,kats1235,kaf,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kaf,Kazhuo; 喀卓; Katso; 卡卓; Gazhuo; 嘎卓 +10919,Nteng,,9.052478,9.241267,nucl1698,,,,,West Chadic A3,vulnerable,Glottolog,nucl1698, +10920,Jakato,,9.068604,9.364322,chak1275,,,,,West Chadic A3 group,endangered,,, +10921,Jibyal,,9.060199,9.183607,jiby1234,,,,,West Chadic A3 group,vulnerable,Glottolog,jiby1234,Ankwei +10922,Griko,,40.248817,18.283177,apul1237,,Griko is considered both a dialect of Modern Greek (Greek perspective) and a minority language (Italian perspective). ,,,Outlying dialect of Modern Greek,severely endangered,,,Greko; Katoitaliótika; Grakanika +10924,Belep,,-19.75,163.6667,nyal1254,,,NC,Pacific,,,Glottolog,nyal1254,Nyelâyu +10931,Cajun French,,29.6869,-91.6133,caju1236,,,US,North America,,,Glottolog,caju1236,Louisiana French; Français Louisiane; Cajun; Acadien +10935,Tidore,,0.683333,127.4,tido1248,tvo,,ID,Southeast Asia,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tvo, +10936,Tobelo,,1.731944,128.007778,tobe1252,tlb,,ID,Southeast Asia,North Halmaheran,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlb, +10939,Lakurumau,,-2.883,151.25,laku1238,,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,laku1238,Laxudamau; Lakuramau; Loxodumau +10943,Gullah-Geechee,,33.6632,-79.6036,gull1241,gul,,US,North America,English-based,endangered,ISO 639-3,gul,Geechee; Gullah; Sea Island Creole +10944,Kunda,,-13.015901,30.583386,kund1255,kdn,,ZW ZM MZ,Africa,Niger–Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdn,Cikunda; Chikunda +10950,Totomachapam,,16.8554,-97.0824,toto1308,zph,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,ISO 639-3,zph,Totomachapan Zapotec; Totomachapan +10951,San Vicente Coatlán,,16.2817,-96.8667,sanv1242,,Its speakers refer to it as /ðiʔʐ ndê/ 'this language'.,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Coatecan,vulnerable,Glottolog,sanv1242, +10952,Texmelucan Zapotec,,16.49197,-97.08947,texm1235,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,texm1235,Texmelucan Papabuco +10953,Zaniza Zapotec,,16.6804,-97.2876,zani1235,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,zani1235,Zaniza Papabuco +10954,Coatec Zapotec,,,,,,Its speakers call it [ðiʔʂkeʔ].,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,coat1242; sanb1241; coat1243,Coatlán-Loxicha Zapotec (non-preferred) +10955,Amatec Zapotec,,,,,,In Zapotec the language is known as /díʔʐzæ̂/. ,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,amat1238; coat1244,Amatlán Zapotec; Coatecas Altas Zapotec +10956,Conestoga,,41.17,-76.21,susq1241,sqn,"The Conestoga language is known only from an 89 word vocabulary collected in 1696 and appended to a Delaware language translation of a Lutheran catechism translated by the Swedish missionary Johan Campanius, ",,,Iroquoian,dormant,ISO 639-3,sqn,Susquehannock (English); Andaste (French); Minqua (Netherlands Dutch) +10958,Myanmar Sign Language,,16.78599,96.13867,yang1309,ysm,"""There are significant dialectal differences between Yangon and Mandalay which sometimes affect understanding. It is not clear if these differences are important enough to recognize the two varieties as separate languages. The decision may ultimately depend more on sociolinguistic factors of identity than on linguistic differences. For now, I am proposing that these two varieties be treated as just one language and share one code, because it will be better to have a code now than to wait until the issue is decided about how many varieties to recognize."" - Naw Shay Myar (2020) + +Research with fluent signers in Myanmar found only a 59% overlap in basic core vocabulary, indicating that Yangon SL and Manadaly SL are two separate languages. - James Woodward (2020)",MM,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ysm,Burmese Sign Language; မြန်ြာလက်သင်္ကေတမြဘာသာစကာ +10959,Central Valley Zapotec,,16.796597,-96.653301,,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,west2947; chic1274; exte1234; sanp1261,Central Valley Zapotec dialect continuum; Tlacolula Valley Zapotec; Ocotec; Quiatoni Zapotec +10960,Quiatoni Zapotec,,16.7608,-96.0899,sanp1261,,"There is a question of whether this language should be considered part of the Central Valley dialect continuum, but for now it is treated as distinct.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,sanp1261, +10961,Mitla Zapotec,,,,,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,Glottolog,mitl1236; sant1449, +10964,Eudeve,,29.1666666667,-109.666666667,eude1234,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,dormant,Glottolog,eude1234,Opata-Eudeve; Endeve; Eudeve; Opatan; Heve; Dohema +10965,Mandalay Sign Language,,21.96,96.09,mand1477,,"Considered by some to be a dialect of ""Myanmar Sign Language"" (ysm)",MM,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,vulnerable,Glottolog,mand1477, +10966,Yangon Sign Language,,16.84,96.17,yang1309,,"Considered by some to be a dialect of ""Myanmar Sign Language"" (ysm)",MM,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,vulnerable,Glottolog,yang1309, +10967,Meänkieli,,66.83,20.4,torn1244,fit,,SE FI,Europe,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,fit,Tornionlaakson Suomi; Torne Valley Finnish; Meän Suomi; Tornedalen Finnish +10969,Ho,,22.798050012850936,86.20181126752678,hooo1248,hoc,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,hoc,हो जगर; ହୋ ଜଗର; hōō jagara +10971,Japhug,,32.21194444444445,101.96166666666667,jiar1240,jya,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jya,kɯrɯskɤt +10972,Bering Aleut,,55.2,166.0,west2616,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Eskimo-Aleut,awakening,Glottolog,west2616,Western Aleut +10973,Gorwaa,,-4.22,35.75,goro1270,,,TZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,Glottolog,goro1270,Gorowa; Goroa; Kimbulu; Fiome; Ufiomi +10974,Ibatan,,19.48,121.96,babu1242,,,PH,Southeast Asia,Batanic,threatened,Glottolog,babu1242,Ibatan of Babuyan claro +10976,Vatlongos,,-16.3,168.21,sout2859,tvk,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tvk,Southeast Ambrym +10979,Khroskyabs,,31.91350804468802,102.25131830958067,guan1266,jiq,,CN,East Asia,,,ISO 639-3,jiq,Lavrung; bósʁæi; Guanyinqiao; ཁོ་སྐྱབས།; 绰斯甲 +10988,Sanzhi Dargwa,,41.9779562670328,47.56669789363135,sanz1248,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Nakh-Dagestanian,endangered,Glottolog,sanz1248,Dargwa; Dargva; Dargi; Darginskiy; Sunglan ʁaj; Sunglan +10989,Salawati,,-1.116457,130.8666,made1253,xmx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xmx; made1253,"""Maden""" +10990,Batta,,-0.872323,130.770766,bata1295,,,ID,Southeast Asia,,,Glottolog,bata1295,Batanta +11007,Chinali,,32.555,76.961,chin1475,cih,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cih,Chana; Channali; Chinal; Dagi; Harijan; Shipi +1101,Vidunda,,-6.8664,37.304,vidu1238,vid,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,vid,Chividunda; Kividunda; Ndunda +11012,Pengo,,19.3435,83.6552,peng1244,peg,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,peg,Hengo; Pengu +11013,Sangtam Naga,,25.8581,94.6279,sang1321,nsa,,IN,South Asia,,,ISO 639-3,nsa,Sangtam; Isachanure; Lophomi +11023,Reo Ra’ivavae,,-23.86742446282182,-147.65510405689076,raiv1237,,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,raiv1237, +11025,Roviana,,-8.20493,157.408,rovi1238,rug,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rug, +11026,Namosi,,-18.5308,177.637,namo1248,bwb,,FJ,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwb,Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua +11029,Innu,,49.0533,-68.7376,mont1268,,,CA,North America,Algic,endangered,Glottolog,mont1268,Innu-aimun; Montagnais; Innu Aimun +11041,East Uvean,,13.16,176.12,wall1257,wls,,FR,Europe,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wls,'Uvea; Faka 'Uvea +11042,West Uvean,,-20.44288,166.617239,west2516,uve,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,uve,Fagauvea +11043,Jiiddu,,1.84353,44.1294,jiid1238,jii,,SO,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,jii, +11047,Badugu,,11.374817551896571,76.75558292454049,bada1257,bfq,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bfq,Badaga; படகு மொழி; படக; ಬಡಗ; ബഡഗ; Badagu; Baduga +1122,Bagvalal,,42.5247,46.192,bagv1239,kva,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kva,Bagulal; Kvanadin; багвалинский язык; Barbalin; багулальский язык; кванадинский язык; ბაგვალალური ენა; Bagvalin; Bagwalal; Kvanada +1123,Baraba Tatar,,55.149606,78.330788,bara1408,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,tat-bar,барабинский язык; Параба; 巴拉巴鞑靼语; Baraba dili; Paraba +1124,Batsbi,,42.045117,45.302274,bats1242,bbl,,GE,Caucasus,Northeast Caucasian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bbl,Bats; Tsova-Tush; batsba motjiti; Bac; Tush; Batsaw; Batsi; ბაცბური ენა; წოვათუშური ენა; бацбийский язык; цова-тушинский; цоватский язык; бацбур мотlтl +1125,Puma,,27.0167,86.85,puma1239,pum,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pum,Puma Pima; Puma La; Puma Kala +1126,Dalabon,,-13.673658,133.885725,ngal1292,ngk,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ngk,Ngalkbun; Ngalkbon; Buin; Boun; Buan; Bouin; Buwan; Gundangbon; Ngalabon; Nalabon; Dangbon; Ngalakan; Ngalagan; Nullakun; Nullikan; Nullikin; Ngalbon; Hongalla) +1127,Eastern Penan,,4.59,114.58,east2485,pez,,ID MY BN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pez,Punan +1128,North Ambrym,,-16.186489,168.137208,nort2839,mmg,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mmg,Ambrym; North +1129,Chamacoco,,-20.59,-58.2,cham1315,ceg,,BR PY,South America,Zamucoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ceg,Ebidoso; Tumraha; Chamakoko; Ishiro; Yshyro; Jeywo; Bahía Negra; Tumarahá; Tumerehã +1130,Adi,,29.1473,94.5538,bori1243,adi,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages. +",IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,adi,崩尼-博嘎爾语; Lho-Pa; Abhor; Abor; Boga'er Luoba; Luoba; Lhoba; Boga'er; Bengni-Boga'er; Bokar; Adi-Bokar; Na Bengni; Bengni; Miri; Abor-Miri; Miśing +1131,Bainouk-Gunyaamolo,,12.7421,-16.1141,bain1261,bcz,,SN GM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcz,Banyum; Banyun; Bagnoun; Banhum; Bainuk; Banyuk; Banyung; Elomay; Elunay; Ñuñ +1132,Kayardild,,-17.08808051,139.4873823,kaya1319,gyd,,AU,Australia,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyd,Gayardild; Bentinck Islanders; Gaiardilt; Gajadild; Gajardild; Gajardilt; Gaja dilt; Gayadilt; Gayardilt; Gaya dilt; Kaiadil; Kaiadilt; Madunun; Maldanunda; Malununda; Malununde; Mardunung; Marlanunda; Gajadilt; Southern Tangkic; Yangkaal-Kayardild; South Wellesley; Guyadilt; Ngarrkuwa Kangk; Rarumbanda Kangk; Bandingkawanda Kangk; Bentinck Language +1133,Wik-Ngathana,,-13.754717,142.173939,wikn1245,wig,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wig,Wikngatara; Wik Ngathara; Wik Ngathana +1134,Mbowe,,-14.154511,22.017453,mbow1246,mxo,,ZM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxo,Esimbowe +1135,Mwenyi,,-14.733789,22.450461,mwen1238,,,ZM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,sie-mwe, +1136,Tagoi,,10.8252,30.1657,tago1246,tag,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tag,Tumale; Tagoy; Umāle +1145,Wintu,,39.8637,-122.0822,nucl1651,wnw,"Wintu-Nomlaki: 2 major dialects (dialect complexes), Wintu and Nomlaki.",US,North America,Wintuan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wnw,Colouse; Wintun; North Wintun; Wintu-Nomlaki +1146,Winnebago,,42.2475,-96.4722,hoch1243,win,,US,North America,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,win,Ho-Chunk; Hocak Wazijaci; Hocák; Hocank; Hochank; Hock; Hochunk; Hocangara; Hotcangara +1147,Lake Miwok,,38.6426,-122.3849,lake1258,lmw,,US,North America,Utian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lmw,Miwok (Lake); Miwok; Lake +1148,Western Apache,,33.2563,-110.4637,west2615,apw,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,apw,San Carlos-Southern Tonto; San Carlos Apache; White River Apache; Cibecu; Tonto; San Carlos Cluster; Arivaipa; Apache (Western); Apache; Apache; Western; Coyotero +1149,Washo,,39.25,-120.0,wash1253,was,,US,North America,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,was,Washoe; Washoa +1150,Wappo,,38.5,-122.5,wapp1239,wao,,US,North America,Yukian,awakening,ISO 639-3,wao,Ashochimi; Napa +1165,Upper Tanana,,62.6867,-141.2182,uppe1437,tau,,US CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tau,Nee'aanegn; Nabesna +1166,O'odham,,33.059,-112.0479,toho1245,ood,,US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ood,Pima-Papago; Upper Piman; Papago; Nebome; Nevome; O'othham; Papago-Pima; Tohono O'odham +1167,Upper Kuskokwim,,63.0091,-154.3889,uppe1438,kuu,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kuu,Kolchan; Kuskokwim (Upper); Kuskokwim; Upper; Mcgrath Ingalik +1168,Tuscarora,,43.0877,-79.0627,tusc1257,tus,,US CA,North America,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tus,Skarohreh +1185,Xibe,,43.6599,81.3427,xibe1242,sjo,,CN,East Asia,Tungusic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjo,Sibe; Sibo; Xibo; Xibe; Sibin; Colloquial Manchu; 錫伯語 +1186,Evenki,,48.166,119.4873,even1259,evn,,RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,endangered,ISO 639-3,evn,Solon; Ewenki; эвенкский язык; эвэды̄ турэ̄н; Owenke; Suolun; Tungus; Chapogir; Avanki; Avankil; ewen-ki; Sprache der Hiesigen; Manegir; Ewenkische; Northwestern; Siberian Ewenki; 鄂溫克語; 埃文基語; 陳巴爾虎莫日格勒河方言; 雅庫特鄂溫克語; тунгусский язык; Ewenke +1187,Oroqen,,48.166,119.4873,oroq1238,orh,not to be confused with Orok [oaa],CN,East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,orh,Orochen; Orochon; Ulunchun; Oronchon; Olunchun; Elunchun; Oročon; 鄂倫春語 +1205,Manchu,,49.5,127.5,manc1252,mnc,,CN,East Asia,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mnc,Man; Mandschurisch; Mandschu; Mantischeou; Chinesische Tatarn; 滿語 +1206,Nanai,,49.3537,136.5243,nana1257,gld,,RU CN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gld,Gold; Nanaj; Hezhen; Goldi; Hezhe; Heche; Sushen; Juchen; Goldisch; nānai; Akani; Birar; Kile; Samagir; Goldische; Nanay; 赫哲語; 那乃語; 赫真語; Нанай; Нанайэ; Nanaj; Nanaje; нанайский языкж +1207,Yellow Uyghur,,38.75,99.75,west2402,ybe,,CN,East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ybe,Yellow Uighur; Saryg Yughur; West Yugur; Yugur; West; Sarygh Uygur; Sarig; Ya Lu; Sari Yogur; Yuku; Yugu; Sary-Uighur; šira-jögur; Sprache der gelben Uiguren; Turkic Yellow Uighur; 西部裕固語 +1208,East Yugur,,38.78,99.987,east2337,yuy,,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yuy,Shira Yughur; Enger; Shira Yugur; Shera Yogur; Eastern Yogor; Yogor; Yögur; Yugu; Yugar; Yellow Uighur; Šera-Yögur; Mongolic Yellow Uighur; 東部裕固語 +1209,Dongxiang,,31.5,107.5,dong1285,sce,,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sce,Santa; Tunghsiang; Tung; Dunshan; Tsung-hsiang; 東鄉語 +121,Potawatomi,,39.3251,-95.8495,pota1247,pot,,US CA,North America,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pot,Pottawotomi; Bodéwadmi; Bodewadmi +1210,Kangjia,,35.959,101.978,kang1281,kxs,,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kxs,Kangyang Hui; 康家語 +1212,Ainu (Japan),,47.3983,142.2949,ainu1240,ain,,JP,East Asia,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ain,Ainu Itak; Aynu itak; Kurili; アイヌ　イタㇰ; アイヌ語 +1213,Hung,,18.3333,105.0,hung1275,hnu,Very closely related to Pong and Tum.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hnu,Cuói; K'katiam-Pong-Houk; Pheng; Theng; P'eng; Phong +1214,Thavung,,17.77,104.23,aheu1239,thm,,TH LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,thm,Aheu; Phon Soung; So; Sotawueng; Kha Tong Luang; Phonsung; So Thavung; Ahlao; Phonesoung; Kha; Tong-luang; Kha Tong Luong; Phi Taung Luang; Ka Tawng Luang; Sach; Tac-cui; Ahao +1215,Sach,,17.78,105.7666,chut1247,scb,Very closely related to May and Ruc.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,scb,Chut; Salang; Ruc; May; Kha +1217,Nguôn,,17.5333,105.3833,nguo1239,nuo,,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuo,Ngouan +1219,Arem,,18.1771,105.3369,arem1240,aem,The term Arem (Vietnamese spelling of areːm) seems to be an exonym (Ferlus 2013:1). ,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aem,A-Rem; Chomrau; Chombrau; Umo +1220,Suoy,,12.564,102.529,suoy1242,syo,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,syo,Su'ung; Pear +1222,Thai Song,,13.228214,99.852433,thai1259,soa,"This is Song (soa) in the Tai-Kadai language family, different from Song (1l3) in the Mon-Khmer language family though both are spoken in Thailand.",TH,Southeast Asia,,,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,soa; thai1259,Song; Thai Song Dam; Lao Song; Lao Song Dam; ลาวโซ่ง; ลาวโซ่งดำ +1223,Samre,,12.1166,103.0833,samr1245,sxm,,TH KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sxm,East Pear +1224,Pear,,12.4666,102.65,pear1247,pcb,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pcb,Por; Kompong Thom; Pear of Kompong Thom; Pãr +1226,Chu-ng,,14.4897,99.1661,saoc1239,scq,,TH KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,scq,Sauch; Saotch; Saoch; Sa'och; Sa-och; Tchiong; Angrak; Ansrak; Anskrak; Sa-ong; Khamen Phadong +1227,Chong,,12.9506,102.0374,chon1284,cog,,TH KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cog,Chawng; Shong; Xong; Cong; ʃong; kui +1228,Breton,,48.2246,-3.9331,bret1244,bre,,FR,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bre,Brezhoneg +1229,Budukh,,41.1207,48.3233,budu1248,bdk,,AZ,Caucasus,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bdk,Budugh; Budux; budad mez; будад мез; Budug; Budugi; Bukukhi; Buduq dili; будухский язык; будугский язык +1230,Burgenland Croatian,,47.8435,16.5179,burg1244,,,AT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,hrv-bur, +1231,Campidanese Sardinian,,40.0,9.0,camp1261,sro,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sro,Sardinian; Campidanese; Campidanese Sardinian; Campidanian Sardinian; Sardu; Campidese; South Sardinian; Sardinian; Campidanese +1232,Cappadocian Greek,,38.048,32.6953,capp1239,cpg,Greek dialect much influenced by Turkish.,TR GR,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,cpg,Cappadocian; Asia Minor Greek +1234,Chamalal,,42.3928,45.5626,cham1309,cji,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cji; cham1309,Camalal; Chamali чамалинский язык; çamalaldub miçʿçʿ; чамалалдуб мичIчI; ჭამალალური ენა +1235,Nyahkur,,15.6587,101.5068,nyah1250,cbn,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbn,"Nyah Kur (Tha Pong); Nyah Kur; Nyakur; Niakuol; Niakuoll; ""Chaobon""; ""Chaodon""; Lawa; Chaobon; Chaodon" +1236,Mang,,22.35,102.9666,mang1378,zng,Not to be confused with [mtq] Muong (芒) which also spoken in Vietnam.,CN VN TH,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,zng,Mang U; Xá Mang; Xá Ó; Nieng Ó; Chaman; Manbu; Ba'e; Xá Lá Vàng; Xamang; 莽語; tiếng Mảng +1237,Bolyu,,24.4871,105.216,boly1239,ply,,CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ply,Lai; Palju; Palyu; Polyu; 倈語 +1238,Bugan,,24.045941,105.054981,buga1247,bbh,,CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bbh,Bogan; Bengan; Pukan; Hualo; Huazu; 布甘語; 本甘語; 布賡語 +1239,Bit,,21.1254,101.4697,bitt1240,bgk,,CN LA,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bgk,布興話; Kha Bit; Khabit; Khbit; Pasing; Phsing; Phsin; 布興語 +1240,Mlabri,,18.4796,101.0961,mlab1235,mra,"""Spirits of the yellow leaves"" is derogatory. The dialectal varieties are not mutually intelligible. ",TH LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mra,"Mlabri (Minor); Mla; Mla Bri; Mla-Bri; Mabri; Mrabri; Yumbri; Ma Ku; Yellow Leaf; Phi Thong Luang (""Spirits of yellow leaves""); มละบริ; เผ่าตองหลือง; ผีตองหลือง" +1242,Lawa,,18.4483,98.1848,west2396,lcp,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lcp,Wa; Wa Proper; Lava; Luwa; Lua; L'wa; Lavua; Lavüa; Mountain Lawa; Lawa; Western Lawa; Mae Sariang; La'wa +1244,Danau,,21.192,97.3937,dana1252,dnu,,MM,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dnu,Danaw; Kano'; Kano' Chon +1245,Tai Loi,,21.178,100.356,tail1246,tlq,"This language is spoken primarily in Myanmar and the Myanmar-China border. Also some in Laos. + +Note that Mok (mqt) is also called ""Tai Loi"" (Bradley 2007).",MM LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlq,Loi; Tailoi; Wakut; Monglwe; Angku; Āng-kú; Mong-Lwe; Tailoi von Möng-Lwe; Tai-Loi; Wa-Küt; Muak Sa-aak +1246,Bishnupuriya,,24.297,92.4499,bish1244,bpy,,IN MM BD,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bpy,Bishnupriya; Bisna Puriya; Bishnupria Manipuri +1247,Hu,,22.1743,100.9264,huuu1240,huo,,CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,huo,Angku; Āng-kú; 戶語 +1248,Kaco',,13.934,107.4222,kaco1239,xkk,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkk,Kachah'; Kacho'; Kachok; Kacoq; Kacok; Kancho; Kachah +1249,Zome,,24.06,93.93,zouu1235,zom,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zom,Zorni; Zomi; Zou; Zo; Kuki Chin; Jo; ဇိုမီး +125,Hawaiian,,21.894103,-160.161856,hawa1245,haw,,US,North America,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,haw,'Ōlelo Hawai'i; 'Ōlelo Hawai'i Makuahine +1250,Chrau,,10.75,107.5,chra1242,crw,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crw,Jro; Ro; Tamun; Chauro; Choro; Chíoro +1251,Triw,,15.6833,107.2,triw1234,,,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,kuf-tri,Triw +1252,Dakkang,,15.6333,107.25,dakk1239,,,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,kuf-dak,Daak Kang +1253,Zemiaki,,34.945,70.954,zemi1238,,"Classified as being a Nuristani language by some, and a variety of Waigali by others. See Van Driem 2007 and Kieffer 1983 http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-v-languages",AF,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,nli-zem,Zamyaki; Jamlám basa +1254,Chatong,,15.65,107.1166,chat1270,,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1iu, +1255,Semelai,,3.0,103.0,seme1247,sza,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sza,Bera; Semelai Bera; Serting +1256,Semaq Beri,,4.0012,102.8443,sema1265,szc,Not to be confused with Semelai [sza],MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,szc,Semaq Bri; Semoq Beri; Ulu Tembeling +1257,Semai,,4.33333333333,101.666666667,sema1266,sea,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sea,"Senoi; Sengoi; Sakai; Central Sakai; Central ""Sakai""; Zentral Sakai" +1258,Minriq,,5.01,102.05,minr1238,mnq,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mnq,Menriq; Menrik; Mendriq; Menraq; Menri' +1259,Zeme Naga,,25.1666666667,93.5,zeme1240,nzm,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nzm,Zeme; Empeo; Kachcha; Kacha; Kutcha; Mezama; Sangrima; Sengima; Arung; Empui; Jeme; Zemi; Naga (Zeme); Kachcha Nagas; Naga; Zeme +1260,Kensiu,,7.1712,99.7915,kens1248,kns,,TH MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,kns,Mos; Mengo; Tiong; Mawas; Belubn; Kenseu; Kensieu; Kensiw; Moniq; Monik; Mendi; Ngok Pa; Orang Bukit; Orang Liar; Kense; Sakai; Maniq; Moni; Menik; Meni; Jarum; Semang Proper (of Ulu Krian); Semang; Semang-Dialekte +1261,Lanoh,,5.2509,101.0206,lano1248,lnh,"'Lanoh' is the official Malaysian label for a number of Central Aslian varieties in the Perak valley, but only speakers of some of these refer to themselves as Lanoh. There is no other label for this group as a whole. Varieties/dialects include Jengjeng, Kobak, Sabüm, Semnam, and Yir. Of these, only Semnam is still spoken on a daily basis (c. 300 speakers).",MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,lnh,Lanoh Jengjeng; Jengjeng +1262,Kintaq,,5.75,101.28,kint1239,knq,,TH MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,knq,Kenta; Kintak; Kintk; Kintaq Bong; Bong +1263,Jahai,,5.75,101.5,jeha1242,jhi,Terms which include 'Pangan' tend to refer historically to a wider group of Northern Aslian speaker; they are outdated and derogatory.,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jhi,Jehai; Pangan; Jehehr; Pangan-Dialekte +1264,Jah Hut,,3.6452,102.3065,jahh1242,jah,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jah,Jah Het; Eastern Sakai; Ost-Sakai +1266,Chewong,,3.6271,102.1907,chew1245,cwg,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cwg,Cheq Wong; Che'wong; Siwang; Beri; Chuba; Che' Wong +1267,Mah Meri,,2.659,101.675,besi1244,mhe,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhe,Besisi; Cellate; Southern Sakai; Betise'; Betisek; Belandas; Süd-Sakai +1268,Batek,,4.6695,102.5051,bate1262,btq,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,btq,Bateq; Bateg; Batok; Kleb; Tomo; Nong; Lebir +1269,Ak,,-3.6093,141.6604,akkk1240,akq,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,akq, +127,Nivaclé,,-23.5,-60.5,niva1238,cag,,AR PY,South America,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cag,Chulupi; Churupi; Nivaklé; Ashluslay; Axluxlay; Churupí; Niwaklé; Chulupí +1305,Cicipu,,11.0,5.6,cici1237,awc,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,awc,Acipanci; Achipa; Sagamuk; Western Acipa; Acipa; Western +1306,Korana,,-26.9352,24.1254,kora1292,kqz,,ZA,Africa,Khoe,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kqz,Kora; Korana Hottentot; !Ora; Koranna; !Kora; Koraqua; Gorachouqua; !Gora +1308,Ashéninka,,-10.933333,-75.266667,,,"Ethnologue lists 8 Ashéninga languages: +Ajyíninka Apurucayali [cpc] +Ashéninka Pajonal [cjo] +Ashéninka Perené [prq] +Ashéninka, Pichis [cpu] +Ashéninka, South Ucayali [cpy] +Ashéninka, Ucayali-Yurúa [cpb] +Nanti [cox] +Nomatsiguenga [not] + +Most other classifications have only 3 of these as distinct: Ashéninka, Nanti, Nomatsiguenga. +",BR PE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,,cpc; cjo; prq; cpu; cpy; cpb,"Ashéninga (Upper Perené; Ashéninka Perené; ""Perené Campa""; Ashéninca Perené); Ajyíninka (Ajyéninka; Apurucayali Campa; Ashaninca; Ashéninca Apurucayali; Axininka Campa); Pajonal (Ashéninca; Atsiri); Pichis Ashéninca (Pichis Campa); South Ucayali Ashéninka; Ucayali Ashéninca; ""Campa"" (considered pejorative)." +1309,Sekpele,,7.106,0.36,sekp1241,lip,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,lip; sekp1241,Sɛkpɛlé; Likpe; Mu; Bosele +1310,Mavea,,-15.384,167.23,mafe1237,mkv,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mkv,Mafea; Mav̋ea +1311,Wutunhua,,35.791,102.4365,wutu1241,wuh,,CN,East Asia,Mixed Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,wuh,Wutun; 五屯話 +1312,Bierebo,,-16.621305,168.160694,bier1244,bnk,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bnk,Bonkovia-Yevali +1325,Younuo Bunu,,24.0,107.0,youn1235,buh,,CN,East Asia,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,buh,Punu; Pu No; Younuo; Yunuo; Yuno; Yu-no; Hong Yao; Bunu; Younuo; 優諾語 +1326,She,,23.173161,114.289706,shee1238,shx,,CN,East Asia,Hmong-Mien,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,shx,Huo Nte; 畬語; 山哈 +1327,Wunai Bunu,,24.4146,107.8378,wuna1248,bwn,,CN,East Asia,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwn,Punu; Wunai; Ngnai; Hm Nai; Wu-nai; Bunu; Wunai; 布努語唔奈方言 +1328,Jiongnai Bunu,,23.3902,108.5135,jion1236,pnu,,CN,East Asia,Hmong-Mien,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnu,Punu; Qiungnai; Kiong Nai; Jiongnai; Jiongnaihua; Hualan Yao; Chiung-nai; Bunu; Jiongnai; 炯奈語; 花籃瑤 +1329,Alune,,-3.0637,128.3752,alun1238,alp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,alp,Sapalewa; Patasiwa Alfoeren +1330,Amahai,,-3.3352,128.9314,amah1245,amq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amq,Amahei +1332,Lauje,,-0.5,120.0,lauj1238,law,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,law,Laudje; Tinombo; Ampibabo-Lauje +1333,Ampibabo,,-0.5,120.0,ampi1237,,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,LINGUIST List,law-amp, +1334,Andio,,-0.8514,123.1457,andi1257,bzb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzb,Masama; Andio'o; Imbao'o +1335,Anus,,-2.1268,139.5126,anus1237,auq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,auq; anus1237,Koroernoes; Korur +1347,Aputai,,-7.6511,126.4086,aput1237,apx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,apx,Ilputih; Opotai; Tutunohan +1349,Arguni,,-2.6632,132.5418,argu1237,agf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,agf,Argoeni +1350,As,,-0.742007,131.683156,asss1237,asz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,asz; asss1237, +1351,Auye,,-3.5627,135.9915,auye1238,auu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,auu,Auwje +1352,Awera,,-2.7084,136.0395,awer1241,awr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,awr, +1353,Awyi,,-2.943,140.6359,awyi1241,auw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,auw,Auyi; Awye; Awje; Awji; Nyao; Njao; Beapawa; Embiawo +1354,Bahonsuai,,-2.2186,121.6845,baho1237,bsu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bsu; baho1237, +1356,Balaesang,,-0.1,119.7,bala1314,bls,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bls,Balaesan; Balaisang; Pajo +1357,Baras,,-1.8838,119.3774,bara1371,brs,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,brs; bara1371,Ende; ToriBara +1358,Bedoanas,,-2.7263,132.5582,bedo1237,bed,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bed; bedo1237, +1359,Drung,,28.0,98.3333333333,drun1238,duu,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,duu,Dulong; Taron; T'rung; Kiu; Qui; Kiutze; Qiuzi; Kiupa; Kiao; Rawang; Trung; Metu; Melam; Tamalu; Tukiumu; Tulung; Qiu; Nung; Nu-tzŭ; 獨龍語 +1360,Benggoi,,-3.0748,130.0918,beng1287,bgy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bgy; beng1287,Bengoi; Kobi-Benggoi; Uhei-Kaclakin; Uhei Kachlakan; Uhei-Kahlakim; Isal +1361,Behoa,,-1.7163,120.4211,beso1237,bep,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bep; beso1237,Besoa +1363,Biak,,-0.3076,131.2207,biak1248,bhw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bhw,Village X; Biak-Numfor; Noefoor; Mafoor; Mefoor; Nufoor; Mafoorsch; Myfoorsch; Noefoorsch +1364,Nłeʔkepmxcín (Thompson),,50.1909,-120.8431,thom1243,thp,,CA,North America,Salishan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,thp,Thompson; Nlha7kápmx; Thompson River Salish; Ntlakapmuk; Nklapmx; Thompson; Nlaka'pamux; Nłeʔkepmxcin; Ntlakyapamuk; At-nah; nɬeʔkepmxcín; Nle'kepmxcín; Ntlakapamux +1365,"Boano (Sulawesi, Indonesia)",,0.44,120.954,boan1243,bzl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzl,Bolano; Djidja +1368,Karo (Brazil),,-10.5749,-61.5893,karo1305,arr,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,arr,Arara; Urukú; Káro +1369,Kuna,,9.4,-78.316667,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Kuna languages, which others do not. They are: +Kuna, Border [kvn], +Kuna, San Blas [cuk].",CO PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,vulnerable,,cuk; kvn,Cuna; San Blas Cuna; Cueva; Paya-Pocuro; Caimán +1370,Ngarinyin,,-16.601517,125.536117,ngar1284,ung,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ung,Ungarinyin; Ngarinjin; Ungarinjin; Molyamidi; Wol'jamidi; Yamandil; Narrinyind; Gular; Unŋarinjin; Warnarinjin; Angarinjin; Wangarinjinu; Arawari; Ingarinjindja; Njingarinjanja; Arkarin-jindja; Oladjau; Marangana; Walmidi; Andedja; Andidja; Ungarin-jen; Ngaring-ngyan; Ngerringun; Kandjalngari +1371,Numèè,,-22.249569,166.821594,nume1242,kdk,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kdk; nume1242,Nââ Numèè; Kapone; Touaouru; Ouen; Kwenyii; Kunie; Tuauru; Duauru; Uen; Wen; Naa-Wee; Neukaledonien +1372,Papitalai,,-2.05,147.4,papi1254,pat,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pat; papi1254,Admiralitäts-inseln +1373,Fas,,-3.197,141.373,fass1245,fqs,,PG,Pacific,Baibai-Fas,threatened,ISO 639-3,fqs,Bembi; Momu +1374,Nahavaq,,-16.523057,167.452727,sout2857,sns,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sns,South West Bay; Sinesip; Seniang; Na'ahai; Mallicolo +1375,Yanomam,,3.3818,-63.8085,yano1262,wca,,BR,South America,Yanomaman,threatened,ISO 639-3,wca,Yanomami; Waiká; Yanoam; Yanomaé; Surara; Xurima; Parahuri; Central Waicá; Waicá; Yanam; Yanomaman language area; Yanomámi; Yanomamé +1376,Reel,,6.557,30.504,reel1238,atu,,SD,Africa,Nilotic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atu,Atuot; Atwot; Thok Cieng Reel; Thok Reel +1377,Gurindji,,-17.69568213,130.0045992,guri1247,gue,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gue,Wurlayi; Coorinji; Garundji; Goarango; Guirindji; Gurindzi; Koorangie; Kooringee; Korindji; Kwarandji; Kwaranjee; We-arr-ung; Wadshara; Manu; Manoo; Gurinji; Gurindji +1378,Milang,,28.431389,95.041667,mila1245,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages.",IN,South Asia,,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-mil,Holon +1379,Shabo,,7.327,35.2935,shab1252,sbf,,ET,Africa,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sbf,Chabu; Shabu; Sabu; Shako; Mekeyer; Mikeyir; Mikair +1380,Yakha,,27.1908,87.3358,yakk1236,ybh,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ybh,Yakkha; Yakkhaba; Yakkhaba Cea; Yakkhaba Sala; Dewansala; Yākhā; Yakthomba; Rōi +1381,Abui,,-8.25,124.666666667,abui1241,abz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,abz,"Barue; ""Barawahing""; Namatalaki" +1382,Amurdak,,-11.149603,132.576973,amar1271,amg,,AU,Australia,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amg,Wureidbug; Amurag; A'moordiyu; Amarak; Amardak; Amurdag; Amurrag; Amurrak; Amurtak; Amuruk; Mamurug; Monobar; Namurug; Nga:mr:rak; Nga:mu:rak; Ngamurag; Ngamurak; Umoreo; Umoriu; Umorrdak; Wardadjbak; Woraidbug; Amarag +1383,Basketo,,6.566667,36.266667,bask1236,bst,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bst,Basketto; Baskatta; Mesketo +1384,Ménik,,12.7528,-12.2717,bedi1235,tnr,"Preferred name for language may actually be Menik (Sall, Documentation of Bedik Project)",SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tnr,Budik; Bedik; Tandanke; Tendanke; Tenda; Bande; Basari du Bandemba; Menik +1405,Bonerif,,-2.1088,139.2352,bone1255,bnv,,ID,Southeast Asia,Orya-Tor,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bnv; bone1255,Beneraf; Boneraf +1407,Bonggo,,-2.2461,139.5208,bong1287,bpg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bpg,Armopa; Bgu; Bogu; Bongo +1408,Budong-Budong,,-2.0601,119.3074,budo1241,bdx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bdx; budo1241,Tangkou; Tongkou; Bubudong; To Budo-Budo +1409,Burate,,-2.7811,135.9915,bura1276,bti,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bti; bura1276, +141,Mocho',,15.324053,-92.234756,moch1257,mhc,"Tuzantec (Tuzanteco) may be a separate language, closely related to Mocho'.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mhc,Motozintlec; Motozintleco; Mochó; Cotoque +1410,Busoa,,-5.551441,122.604769,buso1238,bup,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bup; buso1238,Bosoa +1411,Taworta,,-3.2776,138.7902,tawo1244,tbp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tbp; tawo1244,Dabra; Taworta-Aero; Taria; Bok; Taburta; Diebroud +1412,Dampelas,,0.2005,119.8965,damp1237,dms,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dms; damp1237,Dian; Dampal; Dampelasa +1414,Demisa,,-2.7016,136.6699,demi1242,dei,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dei; demi1242,Dewesa +1415,Abaza,,44.0,42.0,abaz1241,abq,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northwest Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,abq; abaz1241,абаза бызшва‎; Abazintsy; Abazin; Ahuwa; Tapanta; Ashuwa +1418,Baïnounk Gubëeher,,12.531272,-16.353248,gube1234,,Smallest of the major Baïnounk languages (DoBES 2006),SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,1id, +1419,Baïnounk Gujaher,,12.579,-16.283,bain1259,,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,0tz, +1420,Oyda,,5.9438,36.6503,oyda1235,oyd,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,oyd,Oida +1422,Phake,,27.5033,95.2185,phak1238,phk,,IN,South Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,phk,Phakial; Phakey; Faake; Tai Phakial +1424,Khamyang,,26.89,93.99,kham1291,ksu,,IN,South Asia,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ksu,Khamjang; Khamiyang; Shyam; Tai Khamyang +1425,Khamti,,26.0522,97.1739,kham1290,kht,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kht; kham1290,Hkamti; Khampti; Khamti Shan; Khampti Shan; Khandi Shan; Kam Ti; Tai Kam Ti; Tai-Khamti; Kamti; Kham(p)ti; Hkampti; Shan; Khampti Sam; Hkampti Shan; Tai Khamti +1426,Tai Aiton,,26.6523,94.2901,aito1238,aio,,IN,South Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,aio; aito1238,Aitonia; Sham Doaniya +1427,Tai Neua,,20.5166,104.3166,tain1252,tdd,,LA,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tdd, +1428,Tai Daeng,,19.8833,104.6166,taid1249,tyr,,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tyr,Red Tai; Red Thai; Tai Rouge; Thai Do; Thai Dang; Tai Deng; Daeng; Táy-Môc-Châu; Môc-Châu +1429,Saek,,17.4166666667,104.75,saek1240,skb,,TH LA,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,skb,Sek; Tai Sek; Set; 石語 +1430,T'en,,25.871,107.0476,tenn1245,tct,,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,tct,Then; Yanghuang; Rau; Yang Huang; Rao; 佯僙語 +1431,Mulam,,25.0,108.0,mula1253,mlm,Do not confuse Mulam 仫佬語 [mlm] with Mulao 木佬語 [giu]. ,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlm,Mulao; Molao; Mulou; Muliao; Mulao Miao; Abo; 仫佬語 +1432,Maonan,,24.8341,107.577,maon1241,mmd,"Not to be confused with the Yanghuang group in Guizhou province administratively recognized as Maonan. This language is related to, but distinct from Maonan (Tian 2008).",CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,mmd,Ai Nan; 毛南話; 毛難語 +1433,Mak (China),,25.5532,107.3809,makc1235,mkg,"According to Yang (200), /ai3 ma:k8/ and /ai3 ȶam1/ are not two different languages, but dialects of Mak.",CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkg,Mo; Mohua; Mo-Hua; Ching; Mojiahua; Mochiahua; 莫語; 莫話; 錦話; 吳家話 +1434,Lakkia,,24.0833333333,110.166666667,lakk1238,lbc,,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbc,Lakkja; Lakja; Lakia; Lajia; Tai Laka; Laka; Chashan Yao; Tea Mountain Yao; Lak(k)ia; 茶山瑤 +1435,Yerong,,23.0732,106.0789,yero1238,yrn,,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrn,雅郎布央; 耶容布央; 土瑤; 鐵瑤; 六瑤; 央瓊 +1436,Laqua,,23.1666,105.1,qabi1235,laq,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,laq,Bubiao; Pu Peo; Ka Beo; Ka Bao; Ka Biao; Pubiao; Pupeo; Pu Péo; Pen Ti Lolo; Bendi Lolo; KaBeo; Pubiao; Qabiao; 普標語 +1437,En,,22.838831,106.168025,ennn1243,enc,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,enc,Ain; Nung Ven; 恩語; 儂環語 +1439,Tima,,11.7033,29.1934,tima1241,tms,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tms,Lomorik; Lomuriki; Tamanik; Yibwa; Domurik +1440,Dane-Zaa (Beaver),,56.481,-121.8831,beav1236,bea,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bea,ᑕᓀ ᖚ; Beaver; Dunne-za; dʌnneza; Dane-zaa Záágéʔ +1441,Lowland Chontal,,16.0,-95.75,lowl1260,clo,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Tequistlatecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clo,Huamelultec; Chontal; Lowland Oaxaca Chontal; Huamelula Chontal; Chontal de la Costa de Oaxaca; Huamelulteco; Chontal (Huamelultec Oaxaca); Chontal de Oaxaca (Costa); Lowland Oaxaca Chontal; Coastal Tequistlatec; Tluamelula +1442,Lacandon,,20.055931,-89.58252,laca1243,lac,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lac,Lacandón; Lakantún; Lacandon Maya +1445,Dena'ina,,63.3422,-148.8647,tana1289,tfn,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tfn,K'naia-khotana; Tanaina; Kinayskiy +1446,Tanacross,,64.2159,-145.9643,tana1290,tcb,"Tanacross is the ancestral language of the Mansfield-Ketchumstock and Healy Lake-Joseph Village bands. It is spoken today at Healy Lake, Dot Lake, and Tanacross on the middle Tanana River. The name Tanacross derives from the English name Tanana Crossing, a ford on the Eagle Trail. ",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tcb,Nee'anděg'; Transitional Tanana +1447,Tāłtān (Tahltan),,57.8451,-129.9745,tahl1239,tht,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tht,Nahanni; Tahltan; Tahl-tan +1448,Tagish,,60.1601,-134.6842,tagi1240,tgx,"It is possible that the last fluent speaker of Tagish was Lucy Wren, who died May 2008. She is described as ""one of a few individuals remaining who retain[ed] some knowledge of the language"" (http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/firstnations/tagish.html). ""In addition to Tlingit, English and Southern Tutchone, Lucy also spoke Tagish, and was possibly the best remaining speaker of that language"" (http://www.ynlc.ca/bios/t2z/wrenl/wrenl.html).",CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tgx, +1449,Stoney,,51.161,-114.8533,ston1242,sto,"Stoney is an emergent language in the Dakotan dialect complex of Siouan. Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",CA,North America,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,sto,Stoney; Assiniboin; Stonies; Stony; Nakoda; Alberta Assiniboine; Nakon +1450,Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim (Squamish),,49.667,-123.167,squa1248,squ,,CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,squ,Sqwxwumish; Skwxwu7mesh; Squawmisht; sqʷxʷúʔməš; Sk̲wx̲wú7mesh; SKwXwu7mesh snichim +1452,Chiquitano,,-16.7,-61.4,chiq1248,cax,,BR BO,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,cax,Chiquito; Tarapecosi; Tao; Chikitano; Besïro; Chiquit(an)o +1453,Betta Kurumba,,11.5,76.75,bett1235,xub,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xub,Betta Kurumba Nonstandard Tamil; Kadu Kurumba; Urali Kurumba; Kurumba; Betta +1454,Blablanga,,-8.206,159.4638,blab1237,blp,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,blp,Gema; Goi +1455,Desano,,0.272789,-69.761979,desa1247,des,"Desano [des] and Siriano [sri] are not considered separate languages by several scholars. (Cf. Campbell 2012:107.) +""Lexical similarity: 90% with Desano [des], but the 2 languages diverge in their use of grammatical suffixes (Crevels 2007)"" (Ethnologue 2013). +",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,des,Desana; Desano; Desâna; Dessano; Wina; Uina; Wirã; Boleka; Oregu; Kusibi; Desána; Dessana; Desana-Siriana; Kotedia; Wira +1456,Effutu,,5.343437,-0.621786,efut1241,,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,afu-efu,Efutu +1457,Ingrian,,59.716667,28.466667,ingr1248,izh,Sometimes considered a dialect of Finnish.,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,izh,Izhorian; ижорский язык; inkeroisen kieli; ižoran keeli; isuri keel; izhor; inkerin kieli; Ingrisch; Isurisch; Ižorisch; ingrien; užory; ižorskij jazyk; inkerioinen; maakeeli +1458,Dyapá,,-6.5,-68.5,kana1291,knm," Harákmbut-Katukinan; Katukinan; Dyapá (languages or dialects); +The number of distinct languages within Katukinan is not certain, and Katukina and Kanamarí may not be distinct languages. Campbell (2012:91) has Dyapá (dialects or languages) (Southern Katukinan, Tshom-Djapá [Txunhuã-Djapá], Canamarí, Kanamarí) (perhaps the same as Tucundiapa (Tucano Dyapa, Hondiapa/Hon-Dyapá)]). +Aikhenvald and Dixon (1999: 343) have for Katukinan: Kanamarí, Katukina do Biá, Txunhuã-Djapá, and Katawixí. Adelaar (2007: 180) has two languages, Katawixi and Katukina Lato, which has three varieties: Kanamarí, +Katukina do Biá, and Tyohon Dyapa. +",BR,South America,Harakmbut-Katukinan,threatened,ISO 639-3,knm,Southern Katukinan; Tshom-Djapá [Txunhuã-Djapá]; Canamarí; Kanamarí) (perhaps the same as Tucundiapa (Tucano Dyapa; Hondiapa/Hon-Dyapá)]) +1459,Malaccan Creole Portuguese,,2.1917093,102.2512155,mala1533,mcm,,MY,Southeast Asia,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,mcm,Malaysian Creole Portuguese; Malaccan; Papia Kristang; Kristang; Portuguese Patois; Serani; Bahasa Serani; Bahasa Geragau; Malaqueiro; Malaquense; Malaquês; Malaquenho; Português de Malaca; Malayo-Portuguese; Moluccas Pidgin +1460,"Mor (Mor Islands, Indonesia)",,-2.95,135.75,morm1235,mhz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mhz; morm1235,Austronesian Mor +1463,Nalu,,10.9523,-14.7629,nalu1240,naj,,GN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,naj,Nalou +1464,Ratahan,,1.0354,124.7985,rata1244,rth,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,rth,Toratán; Bentenan; Pasan +1465,Seke (Vanuatu),,-15.825,168.169,seke1241,ske,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ske,Ske +1466,Dakka,,-3.34,119.23,dakk1238,dkk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dkk; dakk1238,Nordost-Celebes +1467,Ese'jja,,-12.5867,-69.0161,esee1248,ese,,PE BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ese,"Huarayo; Tiatinagua; Chama; Ese Ejja; Ese Eja; Ese Exa; ""Chama""; Ese'ejja; Tambopata-Guarayo; “Chama""; Ese'eha; Guacanawa; Chuncho; Eseʔexa" +1468,Bih,,12.84,108.045,biha1246,ibh,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ibh, +1470,Dän kʼè (Southern Tutchone),,60.7796,-137.4983,sout2957,tce,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tce,Dákwänjē; Dän kʼè; Dän kʼè Kwänje; Tutchone; Tuchone; Tutchone; Southern; Southern Tutchone +1471,Southern Tiwa,,34.9057,-106.7066,sout2961,tix,,US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tix,Tiwa (Southern); Isleta-Sandia +1472,Secwepemctsin (Shuswap),,51.7886,-122.2286,shus1248,shs,,CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,shs,Shuswap; Secwepemc; Secwepemctsín; At-nah; Shooswap; səxwəxcín; Secwepemctsía +1473,Shoshone,,43.0438,-112.4629,shos1248,shh,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,shh,Shoshoni; Shoshoni-Goshiute; Shonshoni +1485,Dondo,,0.777,120.529,dond1249,dok,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dok, +1486,Doutai,,-3.33333333333,138.166666667,dout1240,tds,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tds; dout1240,Taori-So; Taori; Tolitai +1487,Dubu,,-3.5134,140.8612,dubu1240,dmu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,dmu,Tebi +1488,Duriankere,,-1.3896,130.9247,duri1243,dbn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dbn; duri1243,Esaro; Sailen; Duriankari +1505,Laji,,23.021,104.395,lakk1238,,Closely related to the Lachi (lbt) who are a recognized ethnic group in Vietnam. Note: Ethnologue and other sources do not distinguish Laji from Lachi.,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1l4,Lachi; Lipulio; Y To; Y Pí; Y Póng; Y Mia; Cù Te; Cu-Tê; I To; Y Poong; Ku Te; La Chi; Laji; Lati; Tai Lati +1506,Lachi,,22.6666666667,104.833333333,lach1248,lbt,"Closely related to, but distinct from the Laji of China.",VN,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbt,Lipulio; Y To; Y Pí; Y Póng; Y Mia; Cù Te; Cu-Tê; I To; Y Poong; Ku Te; La Chi; Laji; Lati; Tai Lati +1507,Laha (Vietnam),,21.5833333333,103.916666667,laha1250,lha,,VN,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lha,Xá Khao; Khlá Phlao; Klá Dong; Khlá Don; Khlá Dung; Khlá Liik; La Ha Ung; La Ha; Xá Chien; Xá Lay +1508,White Gelao,,26.212,105.478,whit1267,giw,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,giw,Tú Du; Telue; Southwestern Gelao; Gelao; White; 仡佬語多羅方言; 白仡佬 +1509,Red Gelao,,23.1666,105.25,redg1235,gir,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gir,Voa Dê; Vandu Gelao; 紅仡佬; Cờ Lao; 仡佬語阿歐方言; A-ou; A-uo +1510,Green Gelao,,26.07,105.777,gree1278,giq,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,giq,Kláo; Hoki Gelao; Cape Draping Gelao; Hagei; Ho Ki; 仡佬语哈給方言; 青仡佬; Cờ Lao +1511,Gao Gelao,,28.7447,106.0714,qaua1234,gqu,"Gao Gelao (self-designation: Gao), together with White Gelao (giw), Green Gelao (giq), and Red Gelao (gir), forms the Gelao subgroup of Tai-Kadai.",CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gqu,Gao; Aqaw; Gelo; Kelao; Keleo; Kehlao; Klau; Klo; Ilao; Khi; Chilao; Lao; Keh-lao; 仡佬語稿方言 +1512,Langnian Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,lang1316,yln,,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yln,Buyang Zhuang; Eastern Buyang; Funing Buyang; Buozaang; Buyang; Langnian; 郎念布央 +1513,Dusner,,-2.7139,134.3888,dusn1237,dsn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dsn,Dusnir +1514,Baha Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,baha1256,yha,Some Chinese scholars consider it a dialect of Buyang.,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yha,Paha Buyang; Western Buyang; Guangnan Buyang; Buyang Zhuang; Buyang; Buyang; Baha; 巴哈布央語 +1515,Taba,,0.335,127.38,east2440,mky,"Not to be confused with West Makian (Moi), a Papuan language spoken on the western half of Makian Island.",ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mky,East Makian; Makian Dalam +1516,Camsá,,0.8788,-76.7724,cams1241,kbh,,CO,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbh,Coche; Kamsá; Sibundoy; Kamemtxa; Kamse; Camëntsëá; Kamsa; Kamtsá; Mocoa; camsá; Cams; Sibundoy-Gaché +1517,Shawnee,,35.359,-96.9298,shaw1249,sjw,,US,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjw, +1518,Serrano,,34.1212,-117.2221,serr1255,ser,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,ser,Maara'yam püvüravk; Serran; Kitanemuk +1519,Waiwai,,2.1528,-56.206,waiw1244,waw,Some consider Tunayana (Katuena) a dialect of Waiwai. ,BR GY,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,waw,Uaiuai; Wai Wai; Katawiana; Parukotó; Parukota; Uaieue; Ouayeone; Wabui; Uai Uai +1520,Aché,,-25.25,-55.1666666667,ache1246,guq,,PY,South America,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,guq,Axe; Guaiaqui; Guoyagui; Guayakí; Guayaki-Ache; Guayaki; Guayaquí; Guaiaqui; Guajaki; Guoyagui +1526,Tse'khene (Sekani),,58.0952,-122.7067,seka1250,sek,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sek,Tsek'ene; Sekani; Tsek'ehne; Tsek'hene; Tθek'ehne +1527,She shashishalhem (Sechelt),,50.0846,-123.7437,sech1246,sec,,CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sec,Sechelt; sháshishálem; Siciatl; Seshelt; Shashishalhem; šášíšáɬəm +1528,Sauk-Fox,,41.9637,-92.5768,mesk1242,sac,,US,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sac,Fox; Mesquakie; Meskwakie; Meskwaki; Sac and Fox +1529,Tsuut'ina,,50.9682,-114.3851,sars1236,srs,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,srs,Sarcee; Sarsi; Tsutina; Tsuu T'ina +1530,Quechan,,32.7279,-114.7255,quec1382,yum,,US,North America,Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,yum,Yuma; Kechan; Quecl; Kwtsan; Kwtsaan; Cuchan; Yuma Proper +1531,Northern Pomo,,39.4143,-123.3502,nort2966,pej,,US,North America,Pomoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pej,Redwood Cañon; North Pomo; Pomo (Northern) +1532,Central Pomo,,38.9704,-123.6893,cent2138,poo,,US,North America,Pomoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,poo,Oat Valley; Pomo; Central; Ballo-Kai-Pomo; Cabanapo; Habenapo; H'hana; Kábinapek; Khabenapo; Khana; Kulanapan; Kulanapo; Venaambakaia; Venambakaiia; Yokaia; Pomo (Central); Yokaya +1533,Southern Pomo,,38.7048,-122.8971,sout2984,peq,,US,North America,Pomoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,peq,Russian River; Pomo; Southern; Gallinoméro; South Pomo +1534,Kashaya,,38.6603,-123.3045,kash1280,kju,,US,North America,Pomoan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kju,Southwestern Pomo; Southwest Pomo; Kashayn; Kashia +1536,Pawnee,,36.3372,-96.8032,pawn1254,paw,,US,North America,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,paw,Grand Pawnee; Republican Pawnee +1537,Patwin,,38.7608,-122.0354,patw1250,pwi,"Ethnologue considers Patwin a dialect of Wintu (Wintu, Patwin, Nomlaki).",US,North America,Wintuan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pwi, +1538,Paipai,,31.6568061,-115.8281493,paip1241,ppi,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Cochimi-Yuman,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ppi; paip1241,Pai'pai; Akwa'ala; Cuñeil +1565,Aguaruna,,-4.3464,-77.8271,agua1253,agr,Known to its speakers as iiniá chicham.,PE,South America,Chicham family (Jivaroan),vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agr,Aguajun; Ahuajun; Awaruna; Awahun; Awajún; Aguaruna; Aents +1566,Wayoró,,-12.0178,-64.7534,wayo1238,wyr,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wyr,Ayurú; Wayurú; Ajurú; Uaiora; Wajaru; Wayru; Uaioró; Ajuru +1567,Akuntsú,,-10.9,-63.6,akun1241,aqz,The Akuntsú people are survivors of a genocide promoted by the colonizers and settlers of the Southeastern region of Rondônia during the last three decades of the 20th century. They were first contacted by the National Foundation of Indians of Brazil (FUNAI) only in 1995.,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aqz,Akunsu; Akunts'u +1568,Akuriyo,,2.8442,-55.7556,akur1238,ako,,SR,South America,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ako,Tiriyometesem; Triometesen; Akurio; Akoerio; Akuri; Akurijo; Akuliyo; Oyaricoulet; Triometesem; Wama; Wayaricuri +1570,Anambé of Cairarí,,-2.592,-49.483,anam1249,aan,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aan,Anambé +1571,Andoa,,-2.6796,-76.2011,ando1255,anb,,PE,South America,Zaparoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,anb,Andoa; Gae; Siaviri; Semigae; Shimigae; Gaye; Arabela-Andoa +1572,Angaité,,-21.937968,-59.958687,anga1316,aqt,,PY,South America,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aqt,Angaite; Enenlhet; Enlit; Nempayvvoma +1573,Paraujano,,11.022,-71.7352,para1316,pbg,,VE,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pbg,Parauhano; Parahujano; Parujano; Anyú; Añú; Añún +1574,Lapachu,,3.606694,-67.909347,apol1242,,This language is extremely poorly attested. The last information was a list of 45 words collected in 1972 by Montaño (cited in David L. Payne 2005).,BO,South America,Arawakan,dormant,LINGUIST List,qa6,Apolista; Lapacho; Aguachile +1575,Chokri Naga,,25.6666666667,94.5,chok1243,nri,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nri,Chokri; Eastern Angami; Chakrima Naga; Chakru; Chakhesang; Angami; Naga; Angami; Naga; Charkrima; Tśakrima; Chakrimā; Naga; Chokri +1577,Ashing,,29.010278,94.901944,ashi1243,,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-ash, +1578,Ashkun,,34.9973,71.0746,ashk1246,ask,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ask,Ashkund; Ashkuni; Wamayi; Wamai; Askun +1579,Asuri,,22.4719,84.9023,asur1254,asr,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,asr,Ashree; Asura; Assur; Maleta; Mundari; Mundari-Ho; Asur +1580,Belhariya,,26.95,87.3,belh1239,byw,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,byw,Belhare; Athpariya; Athpahariya; Athpare; Athpagari; Belhariye +1581,Atong (Cameroon),,6.044967,9.748787,aton1242,ato,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ato,Etoh +1582,Atong (India),,25.2844,91.1755,aton1241,aot,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aot,A'tong +1584,Baghati,,31.194,77.0471,bagh1249,,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,bfz-bag, +1586,Bahing,,27.3126,86.5571,bahi1252,bhj,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bhj,Bhojpuri; Khaling; Rai; Bāhing; Baying; Bayung; Kiranti-Bayung +1588,Bangani,,29.8692,79.0686,bang1335,,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,gbm-ban, +1590,Bantawa,,27.0994,87.0048,bant1281,bap,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bap,Kiranti; Rai; Bantawa Rai; Bantaba; Bontawa; Bantawa Yüng; Bantawa Yong; Bantawa Dum; Rungchenbung; Rungchengbung; Rungchhenbung; Rungtśhenbung +1591,Baram,,28.041,84.629,bara1357,brd,"Greg Anderson: Baram is endangered for sure, possibly in the seriously endangered category.",NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,brd,Barhamu; Brahmu; Bhramu; Bramu; Bhrāmu; Baraamu; Baramu; Bhra:mu; Ba:rhmu; Balbang +1592,Bartangi,,37.927045,71.594603,bart1238,,,TJ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-bar,Bartang +1593,Kalami,,35.525178,72.586697,kala1373,gwc,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwc,Baškarīk; Gāwrī; Gārwī; Dīrī; Bashkarik; Garwi; Gawri; Gowri; Garwa; Gaawro; Kalami Kohistani; Kohistani; Kohistana; Bashgharik; Dir Kohistani; Diri; Dirwali; Dardu +1595,Baṭḥari,,17.45,53.12,bath1244,bhm,,YE OM,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bhm,Boṭaḥārī; Bathari; Bautahari; Botahari; Bathara; Batahari +1596,Bawm Chin,,22.1874,92.6477,bawm1236,bgr,The Chittagong hill tracts in Southeast Bangladesh are composed of the Rangamati and Bandarban districts. Rowangchari and Thanci are the subdistricts of the Bandarban district and Bethel Para is in the Ruma subdistrict of the Bandarban district. Data such as wordlist from a sociolinguistic survey was taken in both districts.,IN MM BD,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bgr,Bawm; Banjogi; Bawng; Bawn; Bom; Chin (Bawm); Chin; Bawm +1597,Bellari,,11.6952,76.4648,bell1261,brw,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,brw, +1598,Bhadrawahi,,33.8886,76.3,bhad1241,bhd,,PK IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bhd,Bradrawah; Baderwali; Badrohi; Bhaderbhai Jamu; Bhaderwali Pahari; Bhadrava; Bhadri; Bahi; Bhadarwahi +1599,Bhalesi,,33.3947,76.1352,bhal1244,,,IN,South Asia,,,LINGUIST List,bhd-bha, +1601,Bhumij,,22.552,85.804,bhum1234,,Greg Anderson: Language is locally endangered. Bhumij are heavily Hinduized and often switch to Indo-Aryan language(s) when adopting Hindu religious practices.,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,LINGUIST List,unr-bhu,Sadar Bhumij; Bhumij Munda; Bhumij Thar; Bhumiɟ +1602,Birhor,,21.7594,85.935,birh1242,biy,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,biy,Birhar; Bīrhaṛ; Bihor; Birhore; Mankidi; Mankidia; Birhɔɽ; Mundari; Mundari-Ho +1604,Bokar,,28.8735,94.3807,boka1249,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. +Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages. +",IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-bok,Boga'er Luoba; 崩尼-博嘎爾语 +1607,Bori,,28.9889,94.4439,bori1245,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages. +",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-bor, +1609,Brokkat,,27.5618,90.6152,brok1249,bro,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bro,Brokskad; Jokay +1610,Brokpake,,27.3766,91.9981,brok1248,sgt,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgt,Mira Sagtengpa; Dakpa; Brokpa; Dap; Mera Sagtengpa; Sagtengpa; Meragsagstengkha; Jobikha; Drokpakay; Damilo +1612,Gahri,,32.7503,76.2451,gahr1239,bfu,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bfu,Ghara; Lahuli of Bunan; Boonan; Punan; Poonan; Erankad; Keylong Boli; Bunan; Lahul; Gari; Bunán +1613,Purik,,34.6666666667,76.0,puri1258,prx,,PK IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,prx,Purigskad; Burig; Purig; Purki; Purik Bhotia; Burigskat; Bhōṭiā of Purik +1614,Burushaski,,36.218067,74.822003,buru1296,bsk,,PK IN,South Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsk,Mishaski; Brushaski; Burushaki; Burucaki; Burushki; Burucaski; Biltum; Khajuna; Kunjut +1616,Byangsi,,30.0595,80.7824,byan1241,bee,Considered endangered in India.,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bee,Byangkho Lwo; Byasi; Byanshi; Byansi; Bhotia; Byangkhopa; Jaba; Saukas; Shaukas; Rang; Byāngsī +1617,Chambeali,,32.9072,76.5307,cham1307,cdh,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cdh,Chameali; Chamaya; Chambiali; Chambiyali; Chamiyali Pahari; Chamya; Cameali +1618,Chalikha,,27.301,91.2991,chal1267,tgf,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tgf,Chali; Tshali; Chalipkha; Tshalingpa; Chali Kha +1619,Camling,,27.0,86.6666666667,caml1239,rab,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rab,Rai; Rodong; Chamling; Chamlinge Rai; Rōdōng; Chāmbling +1620,Chantyal,,28.4493,83.4054,chan1310,chx,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,chx,Chentel; Chantel; Chhantel +1621,Limbu,,27.096,87.7356,limb1266,lif,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lif,Yakthung Pan; Limbo; Lumbu; Tsong; Chang; Monpa; Subah; Suffah. Yakthūngbā +1622,Chepang,,27.7552,84.8144,chep1245,cdm,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cdm,Tsepang; Chēpāng; Tśepang +1623,Chhintange,,26.9367,87.1991,chhi1245,ctn,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctn,Chhintange; Teli; Chintang Rûng; Chintang +1624,Chiru,,24.8,93.6,chir1283,cdf,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cdf; chir1283,Chhori; Tśiru; Rem; Riem; चीरू‎ (Cīrū); Riemchawng [remcɔŋ] +1626,Chocangacakha,,27.4107,91.2277,choc1275,cgk,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cgk,Maphekha; Rtsamangpa'ikha; Tsagkaglingpa'ikha; Kursmadkha +1627,Chorei,,25.0,93.0,,,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,cfm-cho, +1628,Churahi,,33.1835,76.5747,chur1258,cdj,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cdj,Churahi Pahari; Chaurahi; Churai Pahari +1629,Zuruahã,,-6.8828,-66.9726,suru1263,swx,,BR,South America,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,swx,Suruahá; Sorowahá; Suruwahá; Indios do Coxodoá; Zuruahá +1630,Zoró,,-10.173,-59.456,zoro1244,,"Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) considers Zoró a dialect of Gavião do Jiparaná. For both together it gives 340 speakers (Moore 2006), and an ethnic population of 520 (2004 Associação de Defensa Etnoambiental).",BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,LINGUIST List,gvo-zor,Zoró; Panginey; Cabeça Seca; Pageyn +1632,Zo'é,,-0.089888,-55.785014,zoee1240,pto,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pto; zoee1240,Zoé; Jo'é; Buré; Poturu; Poturujara; Putur; Tupí of Cuminapanema +1634,Yuracaré,,-16.6888,-65.4345,yura1255,yuz,,BO,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuz,Yurakaré; Yurucar; Yuracar; Yurujure; Cuchi; Enete +1635,Yucuna,,-0.75,-71.0,yucu1253,ycn,Yucuna and Garú may be dialects of a single language or separate languages.,CO,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ycn,Chucuna; Matapi; Yukuna; Matapí; Jukuna +1636,Piro,,-11.4584,-73.0261,yine1238,pib,"Ethnologue has 3 ""Piro"" languages; it classifies Machinere (Manchinere, Manchineri, Manitenerí, Manitenére, Maxinéri) [mpb], Mashco Piro [cuj], and Yine (Piro, “Piro”, Pirro, Pira, “Simirinche”, Simiranch, Contaquiro) [pib] as separate languages, unlike other classifications (see Campbell 2012:75). Ethnologue says Machinere is distinct enough from Yine (Piro) “to need separate literature,” and that “Manitenére may be different from Machinere”. +",PE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pib,"Yine; Chontaquiro; Simirinch; Manitereni; Maxineri; ""Piro""; Pirro; Pira; ""Simirinche""; Simiranch; Contaquiro" +1637,Yekuana,,4.8501,-64.5117,maqu1238,mch,,BR VE,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,mch,Ye'kuana; Yecuana; Ye'cuana' Maquiritare; Maquiritari; Maiongong; Pawana; Pauana; Soto; Makiritare; Cunuana; De'cuana +1639,Yawalapití,,-12.1702,-53.3365,yawa1261,yaw,,BR,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yaw,Jaulapiti; Yaulapiti; Yawalpití +1640,Yavitero,,2.800281,-68.084219,yavi1244,yvt,,VE,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yvt,Paraene; Yavitano +1641,Yahuna,,0.174089,-70.464358,yahu1241,ynu,,CO,South America,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ynu,Yaúna; Yayuna; Yauna; Jaúna +1642,Yaté,,-7.0136,-37.0458,fuln1247,fun,,BR,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,fun,Fulnio; Fulino; Fulnió; Furniô; Carnijó; Fornió; Iatê; Yatê; Fórnio; Iaté; Yathé +1644,Yaruro,,7.0,-68.0,pume1238,yae,,VE,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,yae,Jaruro; Pumé; Llaruro; Yaruru; Yuapín +1646,Amuesha,,-10.3743,-75.2343,yane1238,ame,,PE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ame,Amuexa; Yanesha'; Amoesha; Yanesha; Amuese; Amueixa; Amoishe; Amagues; Amage; Omage; Amajo; Lorenzo; Amuetamo; Amaje +1647,Yagan,,-55.0028,-67.4615,yama1264,yag,,CL,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,yag,Yahgan; Yaghan; Yamana; Yámana; Yamaná; Tequenica; Yapoo; Yagán; Háusi Kúta +1648,Yagua,,-3.3598,-72.3779,yagu1244,yad,,PE CO,South America,Yaguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,yad,Nijyamïï Nikyejaada; Yahua; Llagua; Yava; Yegua; Yihamwo; Nijyamïï; Nikyejaada; Mishara; Yawa +1649,Yawarana,,5.3863,-66.0058,yaba1248,yar,"Ethnologue (2013) lists 4 languages in its Mapoyo-Yavarana subgroup of Cariban: Mapoyo [mcg] , Pémono [pev], Tamanaku [tmz], Yabarana [yar]. Other sources differ by considering some of these to be dialects of Mapoyo-Yawarana. Gildea (personal communication 2014) reports that until we get some more reliable data, it appears that there are/were three languages: †Tamanaku, Mapoyo (ethnonym Wanai, dialect †Pémono), and Yawarana (with alternate names Orechicano, Curachicano, Woquiare). (See also Gildea 2013.) Tamanaku is long extinct, with no attested speakers for at least a century, and therefore does not have an entry of its only in this Catalogue. Mapoyo and Yawarana are generally considered separate languages, each with its own entry in this Catalogue. However, there were just some old wordlists for Yawarana and almost nothing for Mapoyo. Marie-Claude Mattéi Muller went to the Mapoyo area in the 1970s and collected some data, from which she extracted a Mapoyo wordlist (Mattéi Muller1977a, 1977b). Mattéi-Muller and Henley (1990) published Mattéi-Muller’s comparative wordlists, comparing her Mapoyo data to the published Yawarana words; they found 80% cognacy between the two and suggested maybe they were dialects of a single language. In 1998, Mattéi-Muller did fieldwork with the Yawarana, where she played a 1970s tape of Mapoyo speakers, and the Yawarana speakers (i) had difficulty understanding, but recognized Mapoyo as very closely related, and (ii) recognized the manner of speech as that of an old woman living in an isolated village far upstream. She went to this old speaker, who turned out to be the last speaker of Pémono, which seems to have been a dialect of Mapoyo (Mattéi Muller 2003).",VE,South America,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yar,Yabarana; Yavarana; Yauarana; Mapoyo-Yavarana +1650,Xokleng,,-26.5522,-49.0779,xokl1240,xok,,BR,South America,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,xok,Aweikoma; Botocudo; Bugre; Shocleng; Chocleng; Shokleng +1651,Xetá,,-23.2867,-53.3935,xeta1241,xet,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xet,Aré; Sheta; Cheta; Šetá; Shetá; Heta; Notobotocudo; Chetá; Setá; Ssetá; Yvaparé; Botocudo +1652,Xerente,,-9.3356,-48.2227,xere1240,xer,,BR,South America,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,xer,Xerénte; Sherenté; Xerenti; Sherente +1653,Xavante,,-14.4832,-53.5305,xava1240,xav,,BR,South America,Jean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xav,Chavante; Xavánte; A'uwe Uptabi; Akuên; Akwen; A'we; Shavante; Crisca; Pusciti; Tapacua +1654,Karajá,,-7.1717,-49.1583,kara1500,kpj,"Ethnologue, Rodrigues (1999:167), and Ribeiro (2006) all list Karajá as a single language. On the contrary, Campbell (2012:94) distinguishes Karajá and Javaé (Javaje, Javae) as separate languages, and Crevels (2012) distinguishes 3 languages: Javaé (Karajá), Karajá (Carajá, Iny), and Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu). + +Typically included in the Macro-Je hypothesis.",BR,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpj,Karajá-Xambioá; Karaho; Caraja; Karaja; Xambioá; Chamboa; Ynã; Karaja-Shambioá; Javaé; Karajá language area +1666,Mikasuki,,26.3202,-80.9877,mika1239,mik,,US,North America,Muskogean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mik,Hitchiti; Mikasuki Seminole; Miccosukee; Hitchiti-Mikasuki; Mikasuki Cluster +1667,Mojave,,34.0231,-114.5045,moha1256,mov,"The Fort Mojave Tribe, near Needles, CA, prefer the spelling ""Mojave""; the Mohave members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes, near Parker, AZ, prefer the spelling ""Mohave"" (Golla 2011: 307).",US,North America,Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mov,Mohave; Amaquaqua; Jamajab +1668,Mohawk,,42.9116,-74.5587,moha1258,moh,,US CA,North America,Iroquoian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,moh; moha1258,Kanienʼkéha; Kanien'kehaka +1672,Arikara,,47.648,-101.8327,arik1262,ari,,US,North America,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ari,Ree; Ricara; Arikari; Arikaris; Arikaree; Ris +1673,Attikamek,,47.2104,-74.3827,atik1240,atj,,CA,North America,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atj,Cree; Atikamekw; Tête de Boule; Attimewk; Atihkamekw; Atikamek; Attikamekw +1674,Witsuwit'en,,54.2395,-125.7621,babi1235,bcr,"Witsuwit'en and Nedut'en are the two main varieties of the language. Although there is a tradition of grouping Babine with Carrier (it has sometimes been referred to as “Northern Carrier”), there is a sharp linguistic and cultural boundary between the two speech communities.",CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bcr,Witsuwit'en-Nedut'en; Witsuwit'en-Babine; Witsuwit'en; Wet'suwet'en; Northern Carrier; Babine-Witsuwit'en; Babine; Babine Carrier; Bulkley Valley Language; Lakes District Language; Nedut'en (variety); Nadot'en; Nat'oot'en; Lake Babine +1675,Bearlake,,65.2161,-123.4362,bear1241,,scs is for Slavey. Ethnologue has Bearlake as a dialect of Slavey.,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,LINGUIST List,scs-bea,Bearlake Slavey; Bear Lake; North Slavey +1676,Nuxalk,,52.49,-126.47,bell1243,blc,,CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,blc,Bella Coola; Bellacoola; nuxalk; Nass +1677,Niitsipowahsin,,48.5699,-113.0918,siks1238,bla,,US CA,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bla,Blackfoot; Piikani; Pikuni; Blackfeet; Siksika; Siksika Cluster; Niitsi'powahsin; ᓱᖽᐧᖿ; ブラックフット語 +1678,Caddo,,35.0985,-98.2603,cadd1256,cad,,US,North America,Caddoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cad,Kadohadacho; Petit Caddo; Upper Nasoni; Nanatsaho; Kado; Caddoe +1679,Cahuilla,,33.5404,-116.7436,cahu1264,chl,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,chl, +1680,Dakelh (Carrier),,53.75,-123.5,,,"Carrier is the general term for a complex of Athabaskan dialects in central British Columbia, adjoining (but clearly distinct from) Babine on the northwest and Chilcotin on the south. Carrier (locally called Dakelh) is spoken in a number of local varieties, traditionally divided into “Upper Carrier” (the communities to the north of Fort St. James, around Stuart and Trembleur Lakes) and “Lower Carrier” in communities to the south. More recent research indicates that Lower Carrier should be split into a Fraser/Nechako dialect group (Prince George, Cheslatta, Stoney Creek, Nautley, and Stellakoh) and a Blackwater dialect group (Ulkatcho, Kluskus, Nazko, Red Bluff, and Anahim Lake). A Carrier lingua franca was established by Catholic missionaries (most notably Father A. G. Morice) in the 19th century, based on the dialect around Fort St. James, and a syllabic writing system was introduced. + +Ethnologue distinguishes Carrier [crx] from Southern Carrier [caf], not distinguished by other scholars.",CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,,crx; caf,ᑕᗸᒡ; Carrier; les Porteurs; Takulie; Takelne; Dakelhne; Central Carrier; Upper Carrier; Nagailer; Taculli +1681,Catawba,,35.5,-80.5,cata1286,chc,"The languages has had no native speakers since 1959; however, the language is currently undergoing revitalization efforts.",US,North America,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,chc,Catawaba +1682,Cayuga,,43.019,-80.1506,cayu1261,cay,"Tribal leaders and linguists working with Cayuga prefer not to give current figures for number of speakers. +The number of native speakers reportedly dropped to blow 100 by 2008.",US CA,North America,Iroquoian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cay, +1683,Central Siberian Yupik,,63.7444,-171.7242,cent2128,ess,"Interaction between the varieties spoken in the United States and Russia has been greatly restricted since the 1950's, though they remain mutually intelligible. ",RU US,Caucasus; Europe; North America; East Asia,Eskimo-Aleut,threatened,ISO 639-3,ess,St. Lawrence Island Yupik; Bering Strait Yupik; чаплинский язык; Yoit; Yuk; Yuit; Siberian Yupik; Asiatic Yupik; Chaplinsk; シベリア・ユピック語 +1684,ᏣᎳᎩ (Cherokee),,35.113,-84.0588,cher1273,chr,,US,North America,Iroquoian,threatened,ISO 639-3,chr,Iroquois; Tsalagi; Tslagi; Rickohockan; Rechahecrian; Southern Iroquoian; ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ; チェロキー語 +1685,Cheyenne,,45.5495,-106.5263,chey1247,chy,,US,North America,Algic,endangered,ISO 639-3,chy, +1686,Chickasaw,,34.6,-96.8161,chic1270,cic,,US,North America,Muskogean,endangered,ISO 639-3,cic,Chicasa +1687,Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin),,52.031,-123.1678,chil1280,clc,"Spoken in central interior British Columbia, in seven communities: ʔEsdilagh First Nation, Tl'esqox Indian Band, +Tl'etinqox-T'in Government, Tsi Del Del First Nation, Ulkatchot'en First Nation, Xeni Gwet'in First Nations Government
, Yunesit' in Government, and in urban areas, especially Williams Lake.",CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clc,Chilcotin; Tinneh; Tsilhqot'in; Tzilkotin +1689,Dënesųłiné,,56.4807,-109.4127,chip1261,chp,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,chp,Chipewyan; Montagnais; Dene Suline; Dëne Súline; Sluacus-tinneh; Dene Soun'line +1691,Chiwere,,40.5,-96.0,iowa1245,iow,Chiwere dialects: Otoe-Missouria (Jiwere) is the dialect of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe. Iowa (Baxoje) is the dialect of the Iowa Tribe.,US,North America,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,iow,Oto; Iowa-Oto +1692,Choctaw,,31.6822,-92.1252,choc1276,cho,,US,North America,Muskogean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cho, +1693,Coast Miwok,,38.3333333333,-123.0,coas1301,csi,The last known person to have direct knowledge of the language died in the 1970s.,US,North America,Utian,dormant,ISO 639-3,csi,Costal Miwok; Miwok (Bodega); Miwok (Coast); Miwok; Coast; Bollanos +1694,Cocopah,,32.3333333333,-115.0,coco1261,coc,,US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,coc,Cocopá; Cocopa; Cucupá; Cocopa; Kwikapá; Kikimá; Delta River Yuman; Cocapa; Kikima; Cucapá +1695,Coeur d'Alene,,43.3433,-116.8873,coeu1236,crd,,US,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,crd,Snchitsu'umshtsn; snčícuʔumšcn; Skitswish +1696,Columbian,,48.1764,-119.0523,colu1241,col,,US,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,col,Nxaʔamxcín; Columbia-Wenatchi; Wenatchi-Columbia; Moses-Columbia; Columbia; Moses Columbian; Moses-Columbian; Middle Columbia Cluster; Chelan; Moses-Colombia Salish; Wenatchee +1705,Arapaso,,0.0,-66.0,arap1275,arj,,BR,South America,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,arj,Arapaço; Araspaso; Koneá; Arapasso +1708,Lokono,,5.6487,-55.1074,araw1276,arw,"Lokono has two mutually intelligible dialects. Western Lokono (or Guyanese Lokono) is spoken in Guyana, and Eastern Lokono (or Surinamese Lokono) in Suriname and French Guiana. (Rybka 2015)",VE GY SR GF,South America,Arawakan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,arw,Arawak; Arawák; Aruak; Arowak; Locono; Arwuak +1710,Pemón,,5.1347,-61.853,pemo1248,aoc,Ethnologue says that Camaracoto may be a distinct language.,BR VE GY,South America,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aoc,Pemong; Pemon; Taulipang; Taurepang; Kamarakóto +1714,Naukan Yupik,,66.0166,-169.7166,nauk1242,ynk,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Eskimo-Aleut,endangered,ISO 639-3,ynk,Naukanski; East Cape Yupik; East Cape; Науканский язык; нывуӄаӷмит; ナウカン語 +1715,Nez Perce,,46.4347,-116.8268,nezp1238,nez,,US,North America,Sahaptian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nez,Shahaptan; Chopunnish; Nimipu; Numipu; Nuumiipuutimt; Nuumiipuutímt +1716,Diitiidʔaatx̣ (Nitinat),,48.73,-124.75,diti1235,dtd,,CA,North America,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dtd,Ditidaht; Nitinat; Nitinaht +1717,Nuuchahnulth (Nootka),,49.2818,-126.0627,nuuc1236,nuk,"The dialects of the language are very diverse, so much so that speakers often consider them to be separate languages rather than separate dialects.",CA,North America,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nuk,Nuu-chah-nulth; Nootka; Nootkans; Aht; Nuuchahnulth; Nuučaan̓uɫ; Nutka; West Coast; T'aat'aaqsapa; Nuučaan̓uɫ; Quuquu'aca +1718,Asháninka,,-10.733,-73.75,asha1243,cni,,BR PE,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cni,"Asháninga; Campa (Axininca); Asháninca; Ashaninca; Asháninka; ""Campa""" +1720,Asuriní do Tocantins,,-3.5,-50.0,toca1235,asu,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,asu,Asuriní; Assuriní; Assuriní do Tocantins; Asuriní do Trocará; Akwaya; Akuawa; Parakaná; Asurí; Mudjetire; Suru do Tocantins; Asurini; Tocantins Asuriní; Assurini; Asuriní do Tocantins; Akwáwa; Asurini; Tocantins +1721,Simba Guaraní,,-20.1694,-63.8525,west2640,gnw,"The classification of some Guaraní varieties is uncertain and controversial. For Dietrich (2007), Simba belongs to the Chiriguano group which is composed of various dialects, with Tapiete as a separate but very closely related language, and with Simba, Chané, and Izoceño are subdialects of Ava; the Chané are the modern decendants of Izoceño. Rodrigues and Cabral (2012) have Chiriguano, with Ava and Simba as its dialects.",AR BO,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnw,Simba Guaraní; Western Bolivian Guaraní; Chiriguano; Ava; GuaraSimba +1728,Botlikh,,42.3917,46.1351,botl1242,bph,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bph; botl1242,Botlix; Bujxałi mic’c’i; ботлихский язык; буйхалъи мицIцIи; буйхaдалъи мицIцIи; ბოთლიხური ენა +1730,Chukchi,,67.6248,176.1767,chuk1273,ckt,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ckt,Luoravetlan; Chukchee; чукотский язык; Ԓыгъоравэтԓьэн йиԓыйиԓ; Lyg'oravetl'en jilyjil; луораветланский язык; Sprache der Tschuktschen; Chuchee; Chukcha; tšuktšin kieli; tchouktche +1731,Matís,,-6.1405,-70.664,mati1255,mpq,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpq,Matis; Mayoruna-Matsés +1732,Matsés,,-5.283333,-73.15,,,"Names involving many Panoan languages (branch of Pano-Tacanan) are confused and conflict with one another in the sources. Some were mentioned long ago and repeated though without precise information about to which group they refer and whether one group may be known by several names or whether a single name may be applied to different groups. Some of these imprecise names include: Mayoruna, Mayo, Maya, Pisabo (Pisagua, Pisahua), etc. + +For Fleck (2013), 'Mayoruna' names a branch of Panoan; 'Mayo' names a subgroup in that branch, which contains the real languages Matsés, Kulina of the Curuçá River, and extinct Demushbo. The names 'Mayo' and 'Maya' in the literature were homonymous with 'Mayoruna', and 'Pisabo' was said to be a 'Mayoruna' sub-tribe. A;lso, the name 'Quixito' was a homonym with 'Mayo'. + +Ethnologue's Pisabo [pig] (600 speakers in Peru in 2006), and Crevels' (2012: 186) Maya (Quixito) (400 speakers, 400 ethnic population in Brazil) are subsumed here under Matsés as the primary representative of the Mayo subgroup.",BR PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,,mcf; pig,Mayoruna; Matse; Matís; Majoruna; Matsés; Maxuruna; Majuruna; Mayiruna; Maxirona; Magirona; Mayuzuna; Majoruna-Matsés +1733,Culina,,-9.6224,-70.7958,culi1244,cul,Not to be confused with Kulina [xpk] (a Panoan language of the Pano-Takanan family).,BR PE,South America,Arawan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cul,Culino; Culiña; Culinha; Kulino; Cuniba; Curina; Madiha; Kulína; Madihá; Madija; Corina; Kulina; Kulyna; Kurina; Kollina; Korina +1734,Kulina,,5.283333,-73.15,kuli1255,xpk,Not to be confused with Culina [cul] (aan Arawan language).,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xpk,Culina; Culino; Kulino +1735,Demushbo,,-5.283333,-73.15,demu1235,,Apparently the last native speaker died between Fleck's report of 2010 and his 2014 monograph on Panoan languages.,BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,LINGUIST List,1at,Dëmushbo +1736,Chulym,,57.3354,88.1542,chul1246,clw,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,clw,Chulym Tatar; Chulim; Ös til; Ӧс тили; Чулым; июс тили; татар тили; Chulym-Turkish; Chulym Turkic; Ostiaki; чулымский язык; чулым татар теле; Çulımca; Çulım tili; Çulım Tatar tili; Çulım Türkçesi; Küerik; Tchoulyme; Tšulymin kieli +1739,Krymchak,,43.9414,28.3062,krym1236,jct,,GE UA BG RO,Caucasus; Europe,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jct,Judeo-Crimean Tatar; Krimchak; крымчакский язык; кърымчах тыльы; Kırımçakça; кримчацька мова; кырымчак тележ Judeo-Crimean Turkish +1740,Ofayé,,-21.361,-52.0532,ofay1240,opy,,BR,South America,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,opy,Guachi; Opaie; Opaié-Shavante; Ofaié-Xavante; Opaye-Chavante; Opaye; Opayé; Ofayé-Xavante; Ofaié +1741,Orowari,,-11.6683,-65.1379,orow1243,orw,,BR,South America,Chapacuran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,orw,Oro Win; Pakaás-novos; Pacasnovas; Pacaha-novo; Uariwayo; Uomo; Jaru; Oro Wari +1743,Lakon,,-14.251,167.422,lako1245,lkn,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lkn,Lakona; Gaua; Gog; Vure; Vurē; Banks-Inseln +1744,Southern Tujia,,28.258,109.9398,sout2739,tjs,Northern Tujia [tji] and Southern Tujia [tjs] are not mutually intelligible. ,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tjs,Tuchia; Tujia; Tujia; Southern; Mozi; 土家語; 南部土家語 +1745,Vurës,,-13.874,167.5415,vure1239,msn,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,msn,Mosina; Mosin; Banks-Inseln +1747,Helong,,-10.1905,123.5247,helo1243,heg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,heg; helo1243,Helon; Semau; Kupang; Kupong +1748,Maliseet-Passamaquoddy,,44.9572,-67.0496,male1292,pqm,,US CA,North America,Algic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pqm,Passamaquoddy-Maliseet; Malecite-Passamaquoddy; Pennacook; Maliseet; Malecite Cluster +1749,Eastern Chatino,,16.1333,-97.35,zaca1242,ctz,"Ethnologue lists 6 languages for Chatino; INALI also has 6 ""variantes"" for Chatino.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctz,Chatino; Zacatepec; Chatino de San Marcos Zacatepec +1751,Middle Chulym,,57.734218,83.82431,midd1324,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,clw-mid,Melets Tatar; Chulim; Ös til; Küerik +1752,Baicoca-Siecoca,,-0.5712,-74.8828,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes Siona [snn], Secoya [sey], and Macaguaje [mcl]. Others consider these variants of a single language. Ethnologue acknowledges that ""Ethnically [Siona [snn] is] different from the Secoya [sey], but they use the same language.""",PE CO EC,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,,snn; sey,Bain Coca; Sieko Coca; Siona; Sioni; Pioje; Pioche-Sioni; Ganteyabain; Ganteya; Ceona; Zeona; Koka; Kanú; Kokakañú; Pai Coca; Secoya; Sekoya; Airo Pãi +1753,Caac,,-20.225,164.3545,caac1237,msq,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,msq; caac1237,Moenebeng; Neukaledonien; Caawac; Mwelebeng +1754,Noon,,14.8173,-16.5234,noon1242,snf,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,snf,None; Non; Serer-Noon; Serer-Non +1755,Michif,,52.0,-100.166666667,mich1243,crg,,US CA,North America,Mixed Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,crg,French Cree; Mitchif; aan krii; Métchif; Mitif; Cree; Turtle Mountain Chippewa Cree +1757,Ririo,,-6.91,156.9671,riri1237,rri,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rri, +1758,Papapana,,-5.8974,155.2505,papa1265,ppn,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppn, +1759,Emplawas,,-8.0374,129.7375,empl1237,emw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,emw, +1760,Enggano,,-5.41666666667,102.25,engg1245,eno,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,eno,Engganese +1761,Erokwanas,,-2.8113,132.6708,erok1237,erw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,erw, +1762,Fayu,,-3.1,136.8,fayu1238,fau,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,threatened,ISO 639-3,fau,Sehudate +1763,Abinomn,,-2.92,138.89,abin1243,bsa,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bsa; abin1243,"Avinomen; ""Baso""; Foya; Foja" +1764,Gebe,,-0.1922,129.5397,gebe1237,gei,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,gei; gebe1237,Gebi +1765,Gorap,,2.1528,128.2516,gora1261,goq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,goq, +1766,Habu,,-8.7819,126.0021,habu1241,hbu,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,hbu; habu1241,Kairui +1786,Hoti,,-3.0143,130.3692,hoti1237,hti,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,hti; hoti1237, +1787,Hukumina,,-3.1514,126.2713,huku1237,huw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,huw,Bambaa +1788,Hulung,,-2.8614,128.5606,hulu1246,huk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,huk; hulu1246, +1789,Ibu,,1.5269,127.5265,ibuu1240,ibu,,ID,Southeast Asia,West Papuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ibu; ibuu1240, +1790,Yerisiam,,-3.6011,135.1428,ires1239,ire,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ire; ires1239,Beduba; Yeresiam; Iresim +1791,Bakairí,,-14.4213,-54.0305,baka1277,bkq,Two dialects: Eastern Bakairi (in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi); Western Bakairi (in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana) near Nobres. ,BR,South America,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,bkq,Bakairi; Kura; Bacairí; Kurâ +1792,Banawá,,-5.628,-63.183,bana1307,,"Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) considers Banawá Yafí (Kitiya) [200 speakers] and Jarawara [160 etnic] to be dialects of Jamamadí [jaa] (a.k.a. Canamanti, Kanamanti, Madi, Yamamadí). +Listed by Campbell (2012) as: Madi (Jarawara [Jarauára, Jaruára], Jamamadi, Banawá [Banivá, Baniwá-Jafí, Kitiya, Banavá, Banauá, Jafí]). +Listed by Kaufman (2007) as: Banawá emergent language in the Jamamadí language area of the Arawan family. ",BR,South America,Arawan,endangered,LINGUIST List,jaa-kit,Banawá Yafí; Baniwá-Jafí +1806,Isirawa,,-1.83333333333,138.5,isir1237,srl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Tor-Kwerba,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,srl; isir1237,Saberi; Saweri; Okwasar; Sawuri-Hablifuri +1807,Itik,,-2.3181,139.148,itik1240,itx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Tor-Orya,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,itx; itik1240,Ittik; Betef; Ittik-Tor; Borto +1808,Javindo,,-6.966,110.4166,javi1237,jvd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jvd,Krontjong +1809,Kadai,,-1.7465,125.2606,kada1286,kzd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzd; kada1286, +1810,Kaibobo,,-3.1843,128.1829,kaib1244,kzb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzb; kaib1244,Kaibubu +1811,Kaiep,,-3.6666,143.8166,,,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kbw; trb,Samap; Sumup; Terebu; Terepu; Turupu +1812,Kairui-Midiki,,-8.7222,126.2878,kair1265,krd,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,krd; kair1265,Cairui; Midiki +1813,Kaiy,,-2.943,138.1777,kaiy1239,tcq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,tcq; kaiy1239,Taori-Kei; Taori-Kaiy; Kai; Todi +1814,Kalao,,-7.3134,121.0034,kala1394,kly,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kly; kala1394,Kalaotoa; Lambego +1815,Kamarian,,-3.4366,128.5345,kama1362,kzx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzx; kama1362,Kamariang; Seruawan +182,Tegali,,12.060869,31.560233,tega1236,ras,Tegali may be considered a dialect cluster within the Rashad family. (Blench n.d.),SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ras,Orig; Tagale; Tegele; Tekele; Togole +1825,Western Mari,,57.0,58.0,west2392,mrj,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mrj,Hill Mari; Cheremis; High Mari; Hill Cheremis; кырык мары; горномарийский язык; vuorimari; Western Cheremis; Tscheremissisch; westliches Mundartgebiet; Bergtscheremissisch; Cheremissian; tchérémisse; marijcy; Gorno-Mariy; marij jylme; marijskij jazyk; gornomarijskij jazyk; Bergčeremissisch; Szeremissi; Cheremiss +1845,Baure,,-13.1008,-64.5007,baur1253,brg,,BO,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,brg,Bauré; Chiquimiti +1846,Cashinahua,,-10.3581,-71.5869,cash1254,cbs,,BR PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbs,Kashinawa; Kaxinawa; Tuxinawa; Caxinawa; Kashinawa Kaxinawá; Kaxinawá; Kaxynawa; Caxinawá; Cashinahuá; Kaxinauá; Kaxinaua; Hãtxa Kuĩ (Huni Kuin) +1847,Mocoví,,-28.0,-60.5,moco1246,moc,,AR,South America,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,moc,Mocovi; Mocobí; Mbocobí; Mokoví +1849,Vilela,,-26.9808,-59.6777,vile1241,vil,,AR,South America,Lule-Vilela,dormant,ISO 639-3,vil, +1850,Wichí,,-22.5,-62.5833333333,,,"Ethnologue lists 3 Wichí language: ([mzh] Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay, [mtp] Wichí Lhamtés Nocten, and [wlv] Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz); others have only one.",AR BO,South America,Matacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mzh; wlv; mtp,Mataco; Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay; Mataco Güisnay; Mataco Pilcomayo; Matako; Wichí; Pilcomayo Wichí +1851,Mawé,,-3.8642,-56.7773,sate1243,mav,,BR,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mav,Sateré-Mawé; Maué; Mabue; Maragua; Sataré; Andira; Arapium; Maue; Andirá; Sateré; Mawé-Sateré +1852,Kuikuro,,-12.35,-53.21,,,"Ethnologue (2016) list Matipuhy (a.k.a. Mariape-Nahuqua, Matipu) [mzo] and Kuikúro-Kalapálo (Kuikuru, Guicurú, Kurkuro, Cuicutl, Kalapalo, Apalakiri, Apalaquiri) [kui] as separate languages. +Kaufman (2007) has Amonap (Kuikuro, Kalapalo, Matipú, Nahukuá), a member of his Bakairí group of his South Amazonian Cariban subgroup of Cariban.",BR,South America,Cariban,threatened,,kui; mzo,Língua Karib do Alto Xingu; Kuikúro-Kalapálo; Kuikuru; Guicurú; Kurkuro; Cuicutl; Apalakiri; Apalaquiri; Kuikúru; Kalapalo; Calapalu; Amonap; Matipu; Kuikuro; Southern Xingu Language +1853,Movima,,-13.7954,-65.4345,movi1243,mzp,,BO,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzp,Mobima; Móvima; Móbima; Moyma; Movime +1854,Bora,,-1.5818,-70.5651,bora1263,boa,,BR PE CO,South America,Boran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,boa,Imihita; Miranya; Boro; Meamuyna; Miriña; Miranha; Bora-Miranya +1855,Ocaina,,-2.8552,-71.9824,ocai1244,oca,"""El Ocaina es hablado principalmente en el río Ampiyacu, y algunos hablantes en el Putumayo e Igaraparaná"" (Juan Alvaro Echeverri Restrepo, personal communication, 2014). + +[Ocaina is spoken principally on the Ampiyacu River, and some speakers are on the Putumayo and Igaraparaná rivers.]",PE CO,South America,Witotoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oca,Okaina +1856,Rongga,,-8.821,120.797,rong1269,ror,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ror, +1857,Karko (Sudan),,11.860631,29.504951,kark1256,kko,"Karko and Wali [wll] speakers often identify themselves as speaking the same language, called Ajang... the term 'Ajang' is used among several Nuba Mountain languages of the Nubian group to refer to their common +identity. (Krell 2012)",SD,Africa,Nubian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kko,Garko; Kithonirishe; Nubian (Hill); Ajang +1858,Murui Huitoto,,-1.0,-73.5,muru1274,huu,,PE CO,South America,Witotoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,huu,Murui; Murui Witoto; Huitoto Murui; Bué; Bue; Murai; Witoto; Huitoto; Murui-Witoto +1859,Resígaro,,-2.41666666667,-71.5,resi1247,rgr,Aikhenvald (1999a:70) lists Resígaro as extinct.,PE,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rgr,Resigaro; Resígero +1860,Sumi Naga,,25.0,94.2025,sumi1235,nsm,Incipient language shift.,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,nsm,Simi; Sema; Sumi; Naga (Sumi); Zumomi; Naga; Sumi +1862,Hupa,,41.7624,-123.7028,hupa1239,hup,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hup,Hoopa-Chilula; Hupa-Chilula-Whilkut; Hoopa +1863,Guernésiais,,49.4502,-2.5927,dger1238,,Considered by some to be an outlying dialect of Norman.,GB,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-dge,Dgèrnésiais; Guernsey French; Guernésiais +1864,Baré,,1.428,-66.9287,bare1276,bae,,BR VE,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bae,Bare; Mitua; Barauna; Barawana; Barauana; Ihini; Arihini; Maldavaca; Cunipusana; Yavita; Ihini; Balé; Bale +1865,Jiba,,9.0587,11.2829,jiba1237,juo,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,juo,Kona; Jukun Kona; Jibi; Jibe; Jibə +1885,Nambya,,-18.363649,26.502354,namb1291,nmq,,BW ZW,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmq,Chinambya; Nanzva; Nambzya; Najwa; Senajwa; Senambya +1886,Yeyi,,-19.4562,23.2031,yeyi1239,yey,,BW NA,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yey,Shiyeyi; Yeei; Yei; Ciyei; Koba; Kuba; Seyeyi; Seyei; Ceyei +1887,Kgalagadi,,-24.337087,22.14679,kgal1244,xkv,,BW NA,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkv,Khalagari; Khalakadi; Kxhalaxadi; Qhalaxarzi; Shekgalagadi; Sekgalagadi; Kgalagari; Qhalaxadi; Kalahari; Qalaqarzi; Kxalaxari; Kxhxlaxadi +1889,Kao,,1.1479,127.8204,kaoo1238,kax,,ID,Southeast Asia,West Papuan,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kax; kaoo1238,Kau; Ka'u +1890,Kapori,,-3.4,139.7,kapo1250,khp,Some question this language's classification.,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khp,Kapauri +1891,Kalamang,,-3.294,132.4153,kara1499,kgv,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kgv; kara1499,Karas Laut (Seaside Karas); Kalamang-mang +1892,Kayeli,,-3.39,127.1008,kaye1241,kzl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kzl; kaye1241,Kajeli; Cajeli; Caeli; Gaeli +1894,Kayupulau,,-2.5464,140.725,kayu1243,kzu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kzu,Kajupulau +1895,Keijar,,-2.043,139.0979,kede1239,kdy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Tor-Kwerba,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kdy; kede1239,Keder +1897,Kembra,,-3.908,140.3942,kemb1250,xkw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lepki-Murkim-Kembra,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xkw; kemb1250, +1899,Kodeoha,,-3.4147,120.9155,kode1237,vko,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,vko; kode1237,Kondeha; Kondea +1900,Kofei,,-2.3833,136.7907,kofe1239,kpi,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kpi; kofe1239, +1901,Koneraw,,-8.3854,137.9415,kone1241,kdw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdw,Konorau +1902,Koroni,,-2.6412,121.9894,koro1311,xkq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,xkq; koro1311,Oengsongi +1905,Emmi,,-13.54,130.037,,,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmr; amy,Merranunggu; Warrgat; Maranungku; Maranunga; Maranuka; Marranungga; Maranunggo; Marinunggo; Marranunga; Maran-ungo; Marranj Warrgat; Marra Warrgat; Murununga; Maranunggu +1907,Maridan,,-14.184522,130.056992,mari1422,zmd,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmd,Marridan; Meradan; Maredan; Nordanimin; Murindan; Marrisyefin +1908,Maridjabin,,-13.866472,129.831508,mari1421,zmj,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmj,Marrityabin; Maretyabin; Maridyerbin; Maredyerbin; Marityabin; Maretyaben; Murintjabin; Ngangityaben; Tangural; Tanggural; Marisyabin; Marri Jabin; Marri Tjevin; Marrijebin; Marrisjefin; Marritjevin; Murindjabin; Murindzabin; Murintja-bin; Murintjaran +1909,Marimanindji,,-14.296972,130.184075,mari1417,zmm,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmm,Marrimanindji; Maramarandji; Maramanandji; Marimanindu; Murinmanindji; Marramaninjsji; Maramanindji; Marekaganda; Marramananjsji; Marramanenjsji; Marramaninyshi +1910,Marringarr,,-14.377208,130.262539,mari1419,zmt,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmt,Marenggar; Maringa; Marengar; Maringar; Merringar; Muringa; Mari'ngar; Ngangikadre; Marri Ngarr; Moil; Moyle; Muringar; Murrinnga; Yaghanin; Maringarr +1911,Matngele,,-13.940756,130.611972,madn1237,zml,,AU,Australia,Eastern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zml,Madngele; Matngala; Warat; Madngela; Maangella; Mandella; Muttangulla; Hermit Hill; Amadil; Muttangella; Matngelli; Madngella; Ngengiwerat; Madngala; Dakayu; Nginma; Weret; Werat; Malak Malak; Matngela +1912,Cocos Islands Malay,,-12.19,96.83,coco1260,coa,,AU MY SG,Australia; Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,coa; coco1260,Kokos; Kukus +1913,Manda (Australia),,-13.6481,129.885,mand1416,zma,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zma,Manhthe +1914,Mangarrayi,,-14.34354907,133.3128743,mang1381,mpc,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mpc,Mangarayi; Mungerry; Mangarai; Manggarai; Mungarai; Ngarrabadji; Mangarei; Mungari +1915,Marra,,-15.0,135.5,mara1385,mec,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mec,Leelalwarra; Leelawarra; Mala; Maarra; Mara +1916,Northern Paiute,,43.0439,-112.4566,nort2954,pao,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pao,Paiute; Northern; Paviotso; Paiute (Northern); North Paiute; Paviotso-Bannock-Snake; Bannock +1917,Northern Straits Salish,,48.488,-122.6363,stra1244,str,,US CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,str,SENĆOŦEN/Malchosen/Lekwungen/Semiahmoo/T’Sou-ke; Malchosen; Lekwungen; Semiahmoo; T'Sou-ke; Salish (Straits); Straits Salish; Straits; Songish; Lkungen +1918,Northern Tutchone,,62.8255,-136.5838,nort2941,ttm,,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ttm,Tutchone; Tuchone; Tutchone (Northern); Tutchone; Northern; Selkirk +1919,Nsyilxcən,,50.3059,-119.3228,okan1243,oka,,US CA,North America,Salishan,endangered,ISO 639-3,oka,n̓səl̓̓xčin̓; Nsilxcín; Nsyilxcen; Nsyilxcn; Nsəlxcin; Nsilxcín; Okanagan-Colville; Okanagan; Colville-Okanagan; Okanagon; Okanogan; Okanagon Cluster; Okinagan +1920,Omaha-Ponca,,42.0817,-96.4855,omah1247,oma,"Two closely related dialects, Omaha and Ponca.",US,North America,Siouan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oma,Uman; Omaha; Mahairi; Ponka; Umanhan; Ppankka; Ponca +1921,Oneida,,43.0778,-75.6622,onei1249,one,,US CA,North America,Iroquoian,endangered,ISO 639-3,one, +1922,Onondaga,,43.1194,-80.1174,onon1246,ono,,US CA,North America,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ono,Onandaga; Onondoga +1923,Mi'kmaq,,42.3589,-71.0578,mikm1235,mic,,US CA,North America,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mic,Micmac; Mi'gmaq; Mi'gmaw; Mi'kmaw; Miigmao; Mi'kmaq; Restigouche; Mi'kmag +1924,Miami-Illinois,,36.8744,-94.8772,miam1252,mia,,US,North America,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,mia,Myaamia; Miami; Illinois; Miami-Myaamia; Peoria; Piankishaw; Miami Cluster; Wea +1925,Mescalero-Chiricahua,,33.1514,-105.7942,mesc1238,apm,"An emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex, spoken with very little dialectal variation by people whose tribal identity is either Mescalero or Chiricahua.",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,apm,Chiricahua; Mescalero; Chiricahua-Mescalero; Mescalero Cluster; Mescalero-Chiricahua; Apache (Chiricahua); Apache (Mescalero-Chiricahua); Apache; Apache; Mescalero-Chiricahua; Eastern Apache +1926,Menominee,,44.9356,-88.6144,meno1252,mez,,US,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mez,Menomini +1929,Maricopa,,33.3772,-112.1676,mari1440,mrc,,US,North America,Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mrc,Piipaash; Pee Posh; Cocomaricopa; Piipash +1930,Makah,,48.3658,-124.6118,maka1318,myh,,US,North America,Wakashan,awakening,ISO 639-3,myh,Kwe-Nee-Chee-Aht; Kweedishchaaht; Macaw +1932,Luiseño,,33.4622,-117.1269,luis1253,lui,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,lui,Chamtéela; Luiseño-Juaneño +1933,(Lower) Tanana,,64.605,-149.0625,lowe1425,taa,"Tanana is the language of the Lower Tanana river, extending from Salcha through Fairbanks and Nenana to the Minto Flats.",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,taa, +1935,St̓át̓imcets (Lillooet),,50.3326,-122.6789,lill1248,lil,Two main dialects (St'áAt'imcets and Ucwalmícwts).,CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lil,Lillooet; St̓át̓imc; Statimc; Stl'atl'imx; Stl'atl'imc; Sƛ'aƛ'imxǝc; Stlatliumh; Slatlemuk; St'at'imcets; sƛ'ɛƛ'əmxcín; Statimcets +1936,Kwak̓wala,,50.7338,-127.4982,kwak1269,kwk,,,,Wakashan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kwk,Kwakiutl; Kwakwaka'wakw; Kwak'wala; Kwakiutl; Kwagiutl +1937,Ktunaxa,,49.6467,-115.7372,kute1249,kut,,US CA,North America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kut,Kootenai; Kutenai; Kootenay +1938,Wasco-Wishram,,44.2708,-121.2871,wasc1239,wac,"Wasco-Wishram is a variety of Kiksht, the only one that still has any speakers.",US,North America,Chinookan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wac,Kiksht; Wasco; Wishram; Upper Chinook; Columbia Chinook; Chinook (Upper); Upper Chinookan +1939,Koyukon,,66.3375,-151.1608,koyu1237,koy,"""The name Koyukon is not Koyukon in origin or Athabaskan at all; it comes through a Russian spelling for an Eskimo term that a Russian trader decided for no clear reason to apply to the Koyukuk River."" (Krauss 2000)",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,koy,Denaakk'e; Ten'a +1947,Wayampí,,0.747,-52.8442,waya1270,oym,,BR GF,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,oym,Wayampi; Oiampí; Oyapí; Oyampí; Wayãpi; Wayapi; Wajapi; Oiumpian; Emérillon; Karipuna; Guayapi; Guaiapi; Wajapae; Waiãpi; Waiampi; Wayapae; Oyampík; Oyanpík; Wajapuku; Wayampi (Amapari)/Wayampi (Oiapoque); Aipi; Oyampi; Wajãpi; Wayampí language area +1948,Wayana,,2.7455,-54.58,waya1269,way,,BR SR GF,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,way,Northern Wayana; Oyana; Urukuyana; Upuruí; Ouayana; Wyandot; Oayana; Wajana; Uaiana; Oiana; Alukuyana; Upurui; Roucouyenne; Wayâna +1949,Waurá,,-12.2554,-53.5899,waur1244,wau,"Waurá-Mehinaku (Uara, Aura, Mahinacu): Ethnologue has Mehináku (Mehinaco, Mahinaku, Minaco) as a separate language, but said to be “somewhat intelligible with Waurá”, and Waurá is reportedly “partially intelligible with +Mehináku”. Aikhenvald (1999a: 67) also has Waurá and Mehinaku as separate languages. ELCat would prefer to have a single entry for Mehinku and Waurá, but given the difference of opinion, both languages have separate entries.",BR,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wau,Waura; Uaurá; Aura; Waurá; Uaura; Uara; Mahinacu; Waurá-Meinaku +1950,Wari',,-11.7275,-65.0061,wari1268,pav,,BR,South America,Chapacuran,threatened,ISO 639-3,pav,Yaru; Jaru; Ituarupa; Orowari; Pakaás-novos; Pacasnovas; Pacaha-novo; Uariwayo; Uomo; Oro Wari; Pakaasnovos; Jarú; Urup; Pacas Novas; Pacahanovo; Wari'; Pakasnovos; Pakaásnovos; Pakaanovas; Pacaas-Novos; Pakaanova; Wari +1951,Guarequena,,2.5479,-67.2802,guar1293,gae,,BR VE,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gae,Warekena; Arequena; Guarekena; Uerequema; Urequema; Warekéna; Werikena; Guarenquena; Warekena +1953,Warao,,9.33333333333,-61.6666666667,wara1303,wba,,VE GY SR,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wba,Guarao; Guasay; Warrau; Guarauno; Uarow; Araote; Tivativa; Warau; Guaruno; Waraw; Faraute +1954,Wapixana,,2.66666666667,-60.0,wapi1253,wap,,BR GY,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wap,Wapishana; Aruma; Upichana; Wapitxano; Vapidiana; Uapixana; Wapichan; Wapichana; Wapisana; Wapishiana; Wapishshiana; Wapitxana; Wapixiana; Wapixiána; Wapisiana +1955,Wanano,,1.0106,-69.6423,guan1269,gvc,"Ethnologue (2009) says Piratapuyo is close to Wanano linguistically (99%% lexical similarity) but ethnically distinct; the two groups do not intermarry. Ethnologue (2013) says Piratapuyo is reportedly similar to Guanano (Wanano) [gvc] but ethnically distinct, and that there is 75% intelligibility with Guanano (1992 N. Waltz). +Campbell (2012:108) and Kaufman (2007: 68) lists Wanano and Piratapuyo as a single language. + +",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvc,Uanana; Ananas; Wanana; Wanâna; Wanano; Anana; Kótedia; Kótirya; Uanano; Kotiria; Guanano; Kotedia; Wanana-Pirá; Piratapuyo; Waikena; Kotiria; Wanana; Wanano-Piratapuyo +1956,Waimirí-Atroarí,,-1.0985,-60.8203,waim1253,atr,,BR,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,atr,Yawaperí; Atruahí; Atroarí; Atroahí; Krishaná; Atruahi; Atroaí; Atrowari; Ki'nya; Atroahy +1957,Uruewawau,,-11.6852,-63.6547,urue1240,urz,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urz,Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau; Uru-Eu-Uau-Uau; Eru-Eu-Wau-Wau; Kagwahiva; Wau Wau; Uruewawáu; Uru-eu-wau-wau; Uru-eu-uau-uau; Uruewauwau +1958,Candoshi,,-3.7107,-76.9042,cand1248,cbu,,PE,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbu,Candoxi; Candoši; Kandoshi; Murato; Maina; Candoshi-Shapra; Shapra; Roamaina; Kandozi-chapra; Chapra; Chapara +1959,Uru,,-16.75,-69.0,uruu1244,ure,There is uncertainty about whether Chipaya and Uru are separate languages.,BO,South America,Chipaya-Uru,dormant,ISO 639-3,ure,Uro; Morato; Muratu (Uru-Murato); Iru-Itu; Uru-Chipaya language area; Uru of Iru-Itu; Uchumataqu; Iru-Wit'u; Chholo +1960,Urarina,,-4.3464,-75.3002,urar1246,ura,,PE,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,ura,Simacu; Shimacu; Itukale; Itucali; Kachá; Itucale; Urariña; Oruarina; Shimaku +1961,Umutina,,-15.0425,-57.1026,umot1240,umo,,BR,South America,Bororoan,awakening,ISO 639-3,umo,Umotína; Umutina; Barbados; Barbado +1965,Kofa,,8.917634,12.518005,kofa1236,kso,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kso,Kota; Gbwata; Batta; Demsa Bata; Gboati; Gbwate; Bete; Birsa; Dunu; Gwate; Dii; Muleng +1986,Duano',,0.133569,103.346883,duan1242,dup,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,dup,Duano; Orang Kuala; Desin Dola' +1987,Moken,,8.1953,98.3036,moke1242,mwt,,MM TH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwt,Selung; Mawken; Basing; Selong; Salong; Salon; Chau Ko'; Moklen +1988,Urak Lawoi',,8.0,98.3333333333,urak1238,urk,,TH MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urk,Orak Lawoi'; Lawta; Chaw Talay; Chawnam; Lawoi +1989,Chru,,11.5,108.5,chru1239,cje,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,cje,Churu; Choru; Chu Ru; Chu; Cru; Kru; Chrau Hma; Cadoe Loang; Seyu +1990,Northern Roglai,,12.1666666667,108.833333333,nort2994,rog,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rog,Roglai (Northern); Radlai; Adlai; Rayglay; Ra-Glai; Rang Glai; Noang; La-Oang; Ríoglai; Roglai; Northern +1991,Southern Roglai,,12.249,109.195,sout3010,rgs,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rgs,Rai; Ríoglai; Roglai; Southern +1992,Tsat,,18.25,109.5,tsat1238,huq,,CN,East Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,huq,Utsat; Utset; Huihui; Hui; Hainan Cham; 回輝話; 占語 +2005,Comanche,,34.6086,-98.3904,coma1245,com,"""Ten years ago, the Lawton-based Comanche Nation had an estimated 100 speakers. It’s not known how many speakers are left in the 15,000-strong tribe today, but Cable-Kreger said she can count fluent speakers she knows on one hand."" http://newsok.com/saving-the-comanche-language/article/4875448. (2014). + +""Today, about a dozen generations after its prime, the language endures only through a handful of native speakers - as few as 25 out of the Comanche Nation's approximately 15,000 registered members - but they are dying off and taking the legacy with them. +'It's definitely going extinct in the sense that what we're losing is intergenerational transmission of the language,"" Williams said. ""In other words, kids aren't learning it.'"" http://lubbockonline.com/stories/121809/loc_536884399.shtml (2009).",US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,com, +2006,Éy7á7juuthem (Comox),,49.6795,-124.9542,como1259,coo,"Island Comox and Mainland Comox dialects are recognized, the latter divided into three varieties associated respectively with the Homalco, Klahoose, and Sliammon Bands.",CA,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,coo,Comox; Mainland Comox; Sliammon; Comox-Sliammon; Çatlotq; Comox Cluster; Comux +2007,Muskogee,,35.6319,-95.9616,cree1270,mus,,US,North America,Muskogean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mus,Creek; Northern Muskogean; Creek-Seminole; Maskoki Proper; Maskoke; Seminole +2008,Crow,,45.5963,-107.4613,crow1244,cro,,US,North America,Siouan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cro,Apsaalooke; Apsaroka; Apsaloka; Upsaroka; Absaruqe +2009,Cupeño,,33.1666666667,-116.5,cupe1243,cup,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,awakening,ISO 639-3,cup,Agua Caliente +201,Damal,,-4.2054,137.031,dama1272,uhn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,uhn,Uhunduni; Amung; Amung Kal; Amungme; Amuy; Enggipiloe; Hamung; Oehoendoeni +2011,Abaga,,-6.12,145.66,abag1245,abg,,PG,Pacific,Nuclear Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,abg; abag1245,Wagaba; Wagama; Vaga +2012,Amto,,-4.052936077,141.3284454,amto1250,amt,,PG,Pacific,Amto-Musan,endangered,ISO 639-3,amt,Ki; Siwai; Siawi; Siafli +2013,Anuki,,-9.6522,149.7656,anuk1239,aui,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aui,Gabobora +2025,Anindilyakwa,,-13.939399,136.592789,anin1240,aoi,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aoi,Amakurupa; Andilagwa; Andiljangwa; Andiljaugwa; Andiljaukwa; Andilyaugwa; Anindhilyakwa; Anindilyaugwa; Aninhdhilyagwa; Awarikpa; En Indiljaugwa; Enindhilyagwa; Enindiljaugwa; Eninhdhilyagwa; Groote Eylandt; Ingura; Lamadalpu; Wani-Ndiljaugwa; Wanindilyaugwa; Wanindilyaugwa Ingura; Warnindilyakwa +2026,Iquito,,-3.6449,-74.1577,iqui1243,iqu,Kaufman (2007:69) has Iquito-Cahuarano as a single language; others have the 2 as separate languages.,PE,South America,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,iqu,Iquita; Ikito; Amacacore; Hamacore; Quiturran; Puca-Uma; Ikitu +2027,Jawoyn,,-14.17990999,132.5558136,djau1244,djn,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,djn,Adowen; Charmong; Chauan; Chau-an; Djauan; Djauun; Djauwung; Djawan; Djawanj; Djawin; Djawun; Djouan; Gundjawan; Jawan; Jawin; Jawony; Kumertuo; Tjauen; Tjawen; Tweinbol +2028,Cocama-Cocamilla,,-4.8282,-74.2565,coca1259,cod,"Cabral (2007:375) argues that Kokáma/Omágwa (Cocama-Omagua) is not a Tupí-Guaranían language, that it cannot be classified at all, and is rather a mixed language to which at least four different languages contributed, though “most of the basic vocabulary of Kokáma/Omágwa is of Tupí-Guaraní[an] origin.”",BR PE CO,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cod,Cocama; Kokama; Kukama-Kukamiria; Ucayali; Xibitoana; Huallaga; Pampadeque; Pandequebo; Xibitaona; Kokama-Kokamilya; Kokáma-Omágwa; Kukama Kukamiria; Cocama Cocamilla +2029,Qaqet,,-4.58333333333,152.0,qaqe1238,byx,,PG,Pacific,East New Britain,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,byx; qaqe1238,Baining; Maqaqet; Kakat; Makakat; Neu-Pommern +2030,Awiakay,,-4.7,143.6,awia1234,,"The Arafundi languages are closely related, possibly forming a dialect chain. In the Catalogue they are classified as three languages, but this is not the only possible categorization. + +Awiakay is not found in Laycock (1973).",PG,Pacific,Arafundi,threatened,LINGUIST List,1j1,Arafundi +2031,Pingelapese,,6.13,161.42,ping1243,pif,,GU FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,pif; ping1243,Pingelap; Pingilapese +2032,Kata Kolok,,-8.113,115.127,beng1239,bqy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqy,Benkala Sign Language; Bengkala Sign Language; Balinese Sign Language +2034,Nar Phu,,28.6666666667,84.25,narp1239,npa,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,npa,Nar-Phu; Narpa +2046,Bumbita,,-3.6449,142.8002,bumb1241,aon,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,aon,Bumbita Arapesh; Bambita Arapesh; But Arapesh; Weri +2047,Arawum,,-5.5093,145.8929,araw1272,awm,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,awm; araw1272, +2049,Mand,,-5.1292,144.7421,atem1241,ate,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ate,Atemble; Atemple-Apris; Atemple; Apris +2050,Xaad Kil (Haida),,53.2697,-131.9861,,,"Ethnologue considers Haida [hai] a ""macrolanguage"" which includes 2 languages, Northern Haida [hdn] and Southern Haida [hax].",US CA,North America,Isolate,critically endangered,,hdn; hax,Haida; K'iis Xaat'aay; Northern; Skidegate; Masset; Northern Haida; Haida (Northern); X̱aaydaa Kil +2051,Paunaka,,-16.770833,-61.454167,paun1241,pnk,Aikhenvald (1999a: 67) gives Paiconeca and Pauna as separate extinct languages.,BO,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pnk,Paunaca; Pauna-Paikone; Pauna-Paicone; Paiconeca +2052,Lakota,,43.8333333333,-101.833333333,lako1247,lkt,"Lakota (Teton) is one of 3 major dialects of Sioux, a cover term for the varieties of the Dakotan dialect complex other than Assiniboine and Stoney.",US CA,North America,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lkt,Lakhota; Lakȟótiyapi; Teton +2053,Mardin Sign Language,,37.322566,40.725635,mard1245,,,TR,Europe,Sign Language,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kz,Dilsizce; Eski Işaretler +2054,Enawené-Nawé,,-12.5223,-59.7656,enaw1238,unk,Not to be confused with Salumá (SLJ) of Pará.,BR,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,unk,Eneuene-Mare; Salumã +2055,Tol,,14.6666666667,-87.0,toll1241,jic,,HN,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Jicaquean,endangered,ISO 639-3,jic,Eastern Jicaque; Tolpan; Jicaque; Xicaque; Western Tol; Cicaque; Hicaque; Ikake; Taguaca; Tauhca; Torrupan +2056,Longgu,,-9.75,160.666666667,long1395,lgu,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lgu,Logu; Südliche Salomons-Inseln +2057,Ixcatec,,17.8493,-97.181,ixca1245,ixc,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ixc,Ixcateco; Ixcatec; Iskateko +2060,Pite Saami,,66.0447,17.8857,pite1240,sje,,SE NO,Europe,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sje,"Arjeplog Saami; Pitesamisk; Pitesamiska; Piitimensaame; Пите-саамский язык; Bidumsámegiella; ""Pite Lapp""" +2061,Sholaga,,11.9848,77.143267,shol1240,sle,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sle,Kadu Sholigar; Sholiga; Sholigar; Solaga; Soliga; Soligar; Solanayakkans; Sholanayika +2062,Tundra Nenets,,67.033163,71.176756,nene1249,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,yrk-tun,Tundra Yurak; Bol'shezemel'sk Nenets; tundranenetsi; тундровый ненецкий язык; nyenetsya' vada; Dialekt der Tundrajuraken; ненэцяʼ вада; нешанский язык; нещанский язык +2063,Inuit Sign Language,,62.8,-92.083,inui1247,iks,,CA,North America,Sign Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,iks,Inuit Uukturausingit; IUR +2064,Mixed Great Andamanese,,12.21097,92.944672,mixe1288,gac,"Mixed Great Andamanese is not technically a ""mixed"" language in the traditional technical sense. However, ""mixed"" is included in its name as it is the result of the amalgamation of features from several different varieties.",IN,South Asia,Great Andamanese,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gac,Present Great Andamanese; Jeru; Andamanese; Great Andamanese +2065,Waorani,,-1.1864,-76.6296,waor1240,auc,,EC,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,auc,Auishiri; Auca; Sabela; Huarani; Warani; Auixiri; Huaorani; Waodani; Huao; Wao; Wao Tededö +2066,Australian Sign Language,,-35.3075,149.124417,aust1271,asf,,AU,Australia,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,asf,Auslan +2085,Huastec,,21.349006,-98.229511,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Huastec languages; others have only 1. INALI also has 3 ""variantes."" +",,,Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,hsf; hus; hva,Wastek; Wasteko; Huasteco; Te:nek; Tenek; Teenek; Huastec; Veracruz; Huasteco de Tantoyuca +2086,Kelon,,-8.400314,124.420714,kelo1247,kyo,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,kyo,Kelong; Kalong; Klon +2087,Teiwa,,-8.267,124.207,teiw1235,twe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,endangered,ISO 639-3,twe,Tewa +2088,Huzhu,,36.7608,102.4255,huzh1238,,Huzhu is listed as a dialect of Tu [mjg] in Ethnologue. ,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,endangered,LINGUIST List,mjg-huz,Mongghul; Halchighol; Naringhol; Hu-tsu; Narin-guor; 互助土家語 +2089,Nese,,-15.922193,167.187713,nese1235,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,08o,Matanvat +2090,Kodiak Russian Creole,,65.700241,-174.149151,kodi1252,,,RU US,Caucasus; Europe; North America; East Asia,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hs, +2091,Ski:xs (Southern Tsimshian),,52.59,-128.53,sout2962,,,US CA,North America,Tsimshian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,tsi-sou,Sgüüxs; Sguxs; Old Klemtu; Klemtu; Sküüxs; Southern Tsimshian +2092,Han,,64.7837,-141.2172,hann1241,haa,,US CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,haa,Han-Kutchin; Moosehide; Dawson; Hän +2093,Sajalong,,27.66,96.66,saja1240,sjl,,IN,South Asia,,threatened,ISO 639-3,sjl,Miji; Dammai; Dhammai; Hruso A +2094,Kove,,-5.58333333333,149.666666667,kove1237,kvc,"Sometimes listed as Kaliai-Kove, but Kaliai (now called Lusi) is a separate language spoken next Kove.",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kvc; kove1237,"Kaliai-Kove; ""Kombe""" +21,Namuyi,,28.0727,101.9565,namu1246,nmy,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmy,Namuzi; 納木依; 納木義; 納木茲 +2105,Burarra,,-12.02334685,134.7195148,bura1267,bvr,,AU,Australia,Maningrida,endangered,ISO 639-3,bvr,Anbara; Anbarra; Barara; Barera; Baurera; Bawera; Burada; Burara; Bureda; Burera; Gidjingali; Gidjingaliya; Gujingalia; Gujalabiya; Gun-Guragone; Jikai; Tchikai; Gidjingaliya Gujingalia; Gunardba +2110,Cabiyarí,,0.1208,-71.1474,cabi1241,cbb,,CO,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbb,Cauyari; Caryari; Cabiuarí; Cauyarí; Kauyarí; Cuyare; Kawillary; Caviyari; Kaviyarí; Caviyarí; Kabiyarí +2111,Caquinte,,-11.146,-73.4765,caqu1242,cot,,PE,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cot,"Kakinte; Campa; Atiri; Caquinte Campa; Poyenisati; ""Cachomashiri""; Poyenisate" +2113,Carabayo,,-1.6666,-70.3333,cara1245,cby,"In the remote upper River Puré and River Bernardo region in the Colombian Amazon rainforest. The name Carabayo derives from the (mock) name “Bernardo Caraballo”, which was given to a Carabayo man by local people during a brief encounter in the Colombian town La Pedrera (Bernardo Caraballo was the name of a Colombian boxing champion). Subsequently the Carabayo people and their language have been referred to as Caraballo. The 2013 Ethnologue language catalogue introduced Carabayo as an English version of the language name, and assigned the ISO 639-3 code cby to it. + +Seifart and Alvaro Echeverri (2014) demonstrated that it is closely related to Yurí and Tikuna (Tikuna-Yurí family).",CO,South America,,,ISO 639-3,cby,Amazonas Macusa (pejorative) +2114,Kari'nja,,8.4941,-64.0942,gali1262,car,Gildea (2012:80) lists Kari'nja among the Cariban languages not yet classified within possible subgroups. Kaufman (2007) places it in his Guianan Branch.,BR VE GY SR GF,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,car,Kari'nya; Carib; Galibí; Galibi; Kalinya; Cariña; Caribe; Karínya; Kali'na; Kalihna; Maraworno; Marworno +2115,Carijona,,-1.2743,-70.1147,cari1279,cbd,,CO,South America,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cbd,Hianácoto; Hianacoto; Jianácoto; Hianákoto; Hianacoto-Umaua; Karijona; Karihona; Carihona; Carijona; Carifuna; Kaliohona; Guaque; Huaque; Omagua; Umawa; Koto +2116,Cashibo,,-8.9393,-75.0915,cash1251,cbr,,PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbr,Cashibo-Cacataibo; Catcataibo; Kashibo; Caxibo; Cacibo; Cachibo; Cahivo; Managua; Hagueti; Kashibo-Kakataibo +2118,Bagupi,,-5.0454,145.5822,bagu1252,bpi,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpi, +2119,Bepour,,-4.586,145.4184,bepo1240,bie,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bie; bepo1240, +2120,Karian,,-4.9404,145.5303,bila1257,bql,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bql; bila1257,Karen; Bilakura; Banks-Inseln +2121,Boselewa,,-9.449,150.661,bose1237,bwf,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bwf,Bosilewa; Bosalewa; Mwani'u +2122,Budibud,,-9.2973,153.6891,budi1249,btp,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,btp,Nada +2123,Bukiyip,,-3.4256,143.0886,buki1249,ape,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,ape,Mountain Arapesh; Kavu; Kawu; Bukiyúp; Arapesh +2124,Tuyuka,,0.5,-70.0833333333,tuyu1244,tue,,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tue,Tuyuca; Dochkafuara; Tejuca +2127,Tuparí,,-12.0876,-62.4792,tupa1250,tpr,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpr,Tupari +2129,Tukano,,0.6921,-69.8291,tuca1252,tuo," Tukano is a widely-spoken lingua franca in the region. + It is difficult to get an accurate count of speakers; sources vary considerably for this, and it is difficult to get figures for the speakers in Colombia. Confusion seems to come from the fact that many use Tukano as a second language, and some counts lump all speakers of all Tukanoan languages together under the label ""Tukano"". + Socioambiental (2014) has population numbers: 6241 (Dsei/Foirn, 2005) in Brazil, 6,330 (1988) in Colombia (and 11 (INE, 2001) in Venezuela), but seems to be including ALL Tukanoan languages in that – Crevels' (2012) numbers may be complicated by this. + In Colombia, the ""Informe preliminar: auto-diagnostico sociolingüístico de la lengua tucano"" (2009, done for the Ministry of Culture) identified 1,460 speakers of Tukano from an ethnic population of about 2104. + +",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tuo,Tucano; Tukána; Tukana; Takuna; Daxsea; Dasea; Ye'pâ-masa +2131,Tsafiki,,-0.25,-79.15,colo1256,cof,,EC,South America,Barbacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cof,Colorado; Tsachila; Colima; Campaz; Tsáchela; Tsafiqui; Tsáfiki +2132,Trumai,,-11.8807,-53.6009,trum1247,tpy,,BR,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tpy,Trumaí; Tramalhy +2137,Trió,,2.1528,-56.3818,trio1238,tri,,BR SR,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,tri,Tiríyo; Tiriyó; Trio; Pianakoto; Tiriyo +2139,Toromona,,-12.711767,-68.248586,toro1255,tno,"Crevels (2012: 174): Today it is still not clear whether the group [Toromona, [tno]] perished during the rubber boom or retired to inaccessible parts of the rainforest. There are rumors about a mysterious group wandering through the forest south of the Araona territory in Puerto Araona (province of Iturralde, La Paz department). It remains a mystery whether this actually is the Toromona “ghost” group or another group. + +Rodríguez Bazán (2000: 136) considers Toromona an unclassified language whose speakers have not yet been contacted by non-Indians. (Cited in Campbell 2012:148). + +Ethnologue (2013): It is not clear whether this group [Toromona, [tno]] exists; they have never been contacted. There are rumors concerning an uncontacted group of Araona.",BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,tno,Toromono +2140,Torá,,-6.6646,-61.4135,tora1263,trz,,BR,South America,Chapacuran,dormant,ISO 639-3,trz,Tora; Toraz +2141,Enenlhet,,-21.5578,-58.0064,toba1268,tmf,,PY,South America,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,tmf,Mascoy; Mascoi; Machicui; Toba-Maskoy; Emok; Toba-Emok; Toba of Paraguay; Quilyilhrayrom; Cabanatith; Enenlhet apayvoma +2143,Toba,,-25.958,-59.0625,toba1269,tob,,AR PY,South America,Guaicuruan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tob,Qom; Toba Qom; Toba Sur; Namqom +2144,Unami,,40.0,-75.1666666667,unam1242,unm,,US,North America,Algic,dormant,ISO 639-3,unm,Oklahoma Delaware; Lenni-Lenape; Lenape; Tla Wilano; Unami Delaware +2145,Dengalu,,-7.0572,146.3598,deng1252,,"Technically, it is a member of the dialect chain which constitutes the large Mumeng language.",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,LINGUIST List,ptp-den, +2146,Tinigua,,2.3833,-73.6413,tini1245,tit,,CO,South America,Tiniguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tit,Tiniguan; Tiniwa; Tiniguas; Timigua +2147,Doga,,-9.64,149.84,doga1238,dgg,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,dgg; doga1238,Magabara +2148,Tikuna,,-4.3464,-70.0048,ticu1245,tca,,BR PE CO,South America,Tikuna-Yurí,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tca,Ticuna; Tucuna; Tukuna; Tukúna; Magüta +2150,Teushen,,-44.0,-69.0,teus1236,,,AR,South America,Chonan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0qk,Tehuesh; Patagón; Teuéx; Teuesh; Teuesen; Chon +2151,Teteté,,-0.0109,-76.5966,tete1252,teb,"Possibly a dialect of Siona-Secoya. Report as similar to Secoya, but intelligible only with difficulty.",EC,South America,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,teb,Eteteguaje; Tetete +2152,Namo,,-9.1834,141.8994,namo1246,mxw,"Namo is 62% cognate with Dorro, Nambu, and Tais (Rueck, 2011)",PG,Pacific,Yam,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mxw; namo1246,Mari; Na; Dorro (formerly) +2153,Tipai,,32.6049,-116.4678,kumi1248,,Emergent language in the Diegueño complex of Yuman dialects.,US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Cochimi-Yuman,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,dih-tip,Tiipay (Jamul); Mexican Diegueño; Kamia +2154,Terena,,-20.2841,-55.4638,tere1279,ter,,BR,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ter,Tereno; Etelena; Terêna; Guaná; Chané; Kinikinao +2155,Tenharín,,-8.4071,-61.1499,tenh1241,pah,"The Kawahíwa people started moving to Rondônia from Mato-Grosso, by the second half of the 18th century, and they definitively started separating from each other. The Parintintín, Tenharin and Djiahúj (Diahói) were one group at that time, and then they split in three different groups. Their languages are still very close, but their own feeling is that they speak different languages although they are intelligible. There are also lexical differences, different idioms, and morphosyntactic differences as well. And they are also differentiated culturally from each other in some aspects. Tenharin is the only language that is still spoken as the main language of communication by old people, and by some young people as well. (Personal communication, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral, 2016.)",BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pah,Tenharim; Tenharem; Tenharin; Tenharín; Parintintin +2157,Dumun,,-5.5421,146.0906,dumu1246,dui,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dui,Bai +2158,Tembé,,-2.6467,-46.7248,temb1276,tqb,,BR,South America,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tqb,Tenetehára; Tenetehára; Timbé +2159,Dogrib,,62.8292,-115.9904,dogr1252,dgr,The Detah-Ndilo dialect developed from intermarriage between the Yellowknife subdivision of the Chipewyan and the Dogrib. Lexical similarity 84%% with Southern Slavey; 82%% with Northern Slavey.,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,ISO 639-3,dgr,Thlingchadine; Tłı̨chǫ +2160,Tehuelche,,-51.5087,-70.3125,tehu1242,teh,,AR,South America,Chonan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,teh,Tehuelche; Aoniken; Aonek'enk; Inaquen; Patagón; Aonek'enk; Chon; Gununa-Kena; Gününa Küna; Inaquean; Tsoneka; Tewelche +2161,Duwet,,-6.4763,146.8377,duwe1237,gve,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gve,Guwet; Guwot; Waing +2163,Taushiro,,-3.2502,-75.8935,taus1253,trr,,PE,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,trr,Pinche; Pinchi +2165,East Cree,,53.6916,-78.8011,nort1552,crl,"Cree-Montagnais is a chain of Algonquian languages extending across Canada from the Rockies to the coast of Labrador. There is some degree of mutual intelligibility across the entire chain of languages. East Cree is the Montagnais-Naskapi dialect spoken in northwestern Quebec, along the east coast of James and Hudson Bay and inland. +There is a distinction between northern and southern subdialects, the latter with coastal and inland varieties. The northern dialect is spoken in Whapamagostui (Great Whale River), Chisasibi (Fort George), and Wemindji (Paint Hills); southern dialects are spoken in Nemaska (Nemiscau), Waskaganish (Rupert House), Eastmain, Waswanipi, Ouje-bougamau and Mistissini. (Golla et al. 2008.) + +Ethnologue distinguishes Northern East Cree [crl] from Southern East Cree [crj], where others consider these dialects of East Cree. ",CA,North America,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,crl,Cree; East Cree; Northern East Cree; Northern James Bay Cree; Northern Eastern James Bay Cree; Montagnais-Naskapi +2166,Tatuyo,,0.416666666667,-70.5,tatu1247,tav,"Part of Carapano (Karapaná, Karapano, Carapana-Tapuya, Tatuyo, Mochda, Moxdoa, Mextã). Ethnologue considers Tatuyo as separate languages of the ""East Central"" branch of ""Eastern Tukanoan.""",CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tav,Oa; Tatuyo; Pamoa; Tatutapuyo; Juna; Tatu-tapuya; Karapaná; Karapano; Carapana-Tapuya; Mochda; Moxdoa; Mextã +2167,Tariana,,0.8349,-69.1918,tari1256,tae,"""The two dialects are highly endangered, and barely mutually intelligible"" (Aikhenvald 2016:299).",BR CO,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tae,Tariano; Tarîna; Taliáseri +2168,Tapirapé,,-10.6606,-50.4602,tapi1254,taf,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,taf,Tapi'irape +2174,Eel River Athabaskan,,40.188,-123.6477,wail1244,,"Golla et al. (2008): ""Eel River Athabaskan was a complex of closely related local dialects of California Athabaskan ... At least four dialect clusters can be distinguished: Sinkyone, Nongatl, Lassik, and Wailaki."" + +Ethnologue distinguishes as separate languages: Kato [ktw], Mattole [mvb], Wailaki [wlk]. +",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,LINGUIST List,qt8,Saiaz; Eel River Athapaskan +2175,Cavineña,,-12.3829,-66.7419,cavi1250,cav,,BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cav,Cavinena; Kavinenya +2176,Cayuvava,,-12.7903,-65.3247,cayu1262,cyb,,BO,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,cyb,Cayubaba; Cayuwaba; Kayuvava; Cavuhaba +2178,Chamicuro,,-5.5285,-75.5969,cham1318,ccc,,PE,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ccc,Chamikuro; Chamicura; Chamicolo; Chamekolo +2187,Cha'palaa,,0.9386,-79.0055,chac1249,cbi,,EC,South America,Barbacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbi,Cha'palaachi; Chachi; Cayapa; Cha' Palaachi; Nigua; Kayapa; Cha'palaa +2188,Chayahuita,,-5.3425,-76.6955,chay1248,cbt,,PE,South America,Cahuapanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cbt,Chayhuita; Chaui; Chawi; Chayawita; Tshaahui; Chayabita; Shayabit; Balsapuertino; Paranapura; Cahuapa; Balsopuertino; Tsaawí; Tschaahui; Kahuapana; Shawi +2205,Kibala,,-10.4355,14.5901,bolo1261,blv,"Related to Haku, Kimbundu [kmb], Kissama, Sende, Ucela (Imbundu)",AO,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,blv; bolo1261,"Bolo; Haka; Ipala; Kibala-Ngoya; Kimbundu de Kwanza Sul; ""Ngoya""; Pala; Quibala" +2206,Pongu,,10.0833333333,6.33333333333,pong1250,png,,NG BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,png,Pongo; Pangu; Arringeu; Tarya; Ri +2207,Dimbong,,4.85,11.1166667,dimb1238,dii,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dii,Bumbong; Kalong; Kaalong; Lakaalong; Mbong; Lambong; Bape; Palong +2209,Khunsari,,36.690497,49.392081,khun1255,kfm,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kfm; khun1255,Kuk; Khwanshari +2210,Kung,,6.5227,10.1074,kung1260,kfl,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfl, +2211,Tsez,,42.2376,45.8734,dido1241,ddo,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ddo,Dido; Cez; цезский язык; დიდოური ენა; цезйас мец; cezyas mec; цез мец; cez mec; Tsuntin; Didoi +2213,Dolgan,,71.3851,97.3388,dolg1241,dlg,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlg,Dulğan; Haka; долганский язык; дулҕан; Һака; долган тыла; һака тыла; Dolganca; Dolgane; Dolganische Sprache; 돌간어 +2214,Woi,,-1.66,135.556,woii1237,wbw,"the language is claimed to have 77%% lexical similarity with neighboring Pom, Marau, and Ansus (DoBeS)",ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbw, +2215,Kursav,,-5.657,145.5001,fait1240,faj,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,faj,Faita +2216,Taiap,,-4.1,144.5,taia1239,gpn,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gpn,East Parana; Guana; Chuala; Chana; Gapun +2217,Gweda,,-10.2284,150.4083,gwed1239,grw,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,grw,Garuwahi +2218,Gorovu,,-4.53,144.59,goro1261,grq,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,grq,Yerani; Gorova +2219,Guramalum,,-4.27,152.93,gura1254,grz,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,grz, +2220,Kaki Ae,,-8.0,145.833333333,kaki1249,tbd,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,tbd,Tate; Raepa Tati; Tati; Lorabada; Lou; Raepa-Tati +2221,Kamasa,,-6.95,146.2,kama1360,klp,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,klp, +2222,Kandas,,-4.4121,152.7868,kand1301,kqw,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kqw,King +2223,Kaningra,,-4.5784,143.3612,kani1285,knr,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,threatened,ISO 639-3,knr,Kaningara +2224,Karore,,-6.1542,149.8205,karo1298,xkx,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,xkx, +2225,Kawacha,,-6.96,146.21,kawa1276,kcb,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kcb,Kawatsa +2226,Grass Koiari,,-9.5,147.333333333,gras1249,kbk,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbk,Koiari; Koiari (Grass); Koiari; Grass +2227,Koitabu,,-9.33333333333,147.083333333,koit1244,kqi,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqi,Koita +2228,Kowaki,,-4.63,145.41,kowa1245,xow,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xow, +2229,Kuot,,-3.0692,151.5234,kuot1243,kto,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,kto,Panaras; Kuat; Neu-Pommern +2245,Bandial,,12.5317,-16.1553,band1340,bqj,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqj,Banjaal; Banjal +2246,Laz,,41.2736,41.2646,lazz1240,lzz,It is important to note that South Caucasian is not genetically related in any demonstrable way to other language families of the Caucasus.,TR GE,Europe; Caucasus,South Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lzz, +2265,Laua,,-10.1824,149.2053,laua1245,luf,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,luf,Labu; Lauwa +2266,Likum,,-2.1651,146.6921,liku1243,lib,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lib,Admiralitäts-inseln +2267,Magori,,-10.0337,149.2272,mago1248,zgr,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,zgr, +2268,Makolkol,,-4.8994,151.6827,mako1250,zmh,,PG,Pacific,East New Britain,dormant,ISO 639-3,zmh,Neu-Pommern +2269,Malalamai,,-5.763899803,146.6495056,mala1489,mmt,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmt,Bonga +2270,Mawak,,-4.5819,145.3079,mawa1266,mjj,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mjj, +2271,Mindiri,,-5.5517,146.1538,mind1255,mpn,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpn, +2272,Moere,,-4.6038,145.437,moer1240,mvq,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mvq, +2273,Mosimo,,-4.9473,145.5551,mosi1248,mqv,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mqv, +2274,Murik,,-3.8368,144.2807,muri1260,mtf,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,mtf,Nor; Nor-Murik Lakes +2276,Musom,,-6.58333333333,147.0,muso1238,msu,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,msu,Misatik +2277,Mussau-Emira,,-1.45,149.616666667,muss1246,emi,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,emi,Emira-Mussau; Musau-Emira; Mussau; Musao +2278,Mwatebu,,-10.0202,151.0537,mwat1237,mwa,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mwa, +2279,Kowiai,,-3.9437,134.0881,kowi1239,kwh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kwh,Koiwai; Kaiwai; Kuiwai; Aiduma; Kayumerah; Kajumerah; Adi; Namatota; Namatote +2280,Mlap,,-2.5383,140.2061,mlap1238,kja,,ID,Southeast Asia,Nimboran,endangered,ISO 639-3,kja,Kwansu; Kwansu-Bonggrang; Kuangsu-Bonggrang; Kwangsu-Bonggrang; Kuangsu +2281,Kwerisa,,-2.9759,138.153,kwer1264,kkb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkb,Taogwe +2282,Laiyolo,,-6.3862,120.4733,laiy1246,lji,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lji,Da'ang; Barang-Barang +2283,Legenyem,,-0.3186,130.7345,lege1241,lcc,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lcc,Laganyan +2284,Lemolang,,-2.6303,120.1849,lemo1243,ley,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ley,Baebunta +2285,Lengilu,,3.7327,115.8728,leng1260,lgi,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lgi, +2287,Liki,,-1.6202,138.738,liki1241,lio,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lio,Moar +2288,Lisela,,-3.2392,127.0239,lise1239,lcl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lcl,Buru; North Buru; Li Enyorot; Liet Enjorot; Wayapo +2289,Lola,,-6.3316,134.8818,lola1248,lcd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lcd,Aru +2290,Konkow,,39.467,-121.5155,nort2951,mjd,,US,North America,Maiduan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mjd,"Maidu; Maidu; Northwest; Meidoo; Tsamak; Michopdo; Concow; Holólupai; Konkau; Yuba; Secumne; Maiduan; Nákum; Sekumne; Northwest Maidu; Northwestern Maidu; ""Digger""" +2291,Klamath-Modoc,,42.5,-121.5,klam1254,kla,,US,North America,Plateau,awakening,ISO 639-3,kla,Lutuami; Modoc; Klamath; E-ukshikni +2292,Klallam,,47.8475,-122.585,clal1241,clm,,US,North America,Salishan,awakening,ISO 639-3,clm,Clallam; S'klallam; Na'klallam; Nəxʷsƛ'áy'əmucən; Klellam; nəxʷsƛʼáyʼəmʼucən +2293,Kiliwa,,31.3333333333,-115.666666667,kili1268,klb,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Cochimi-Yuman,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,klb,Kiliwi; Quiligua +2295,Kawaiisu,,35.0589,-118.4026,kawa1283,xaw,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xaw, +2296,Danezāgé' (Kaska),,61.9751,-132.4544,kask1239,kkz,,,,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kkz,Kaska; Kaska Dena; Nahani; Caska; Eastern Nahane; Nahane +2297,Karuk,,41.6666666667,-123.0,karo1304,kyh,,US,North America,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kyh,Karok; Karuk; Quoratem; Charoc; Quoratean +2299,Jicarilla Apache,,36.9336,-106.9984,jica1244,apj,"Jicarilla is an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. +",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,endangered,ISO 639-3,apj,Jicarilla; Hikariya; Apache (Jicarilla); Apache; Eastern Apache +2300,Jemez,,35.6151,-106.7242,jeme1245,tow,,US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tow,Towa +2305,Midah,,11.3231,14.9839,maje1243,xmj,,CM TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,xmj,Majera; Mida'a; Da'a; Mazera; Daa +2306,Maslam,,12.136,14.6914,masl1241,msv,,CM TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,msv,Mandage; Mendage; Mandagué; Maltam; Kotoko-Maltam +2307,Yulu,,8.3854,24.1754,yulu1243,yul,,CF SS CD,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,yul,Youlou +2308,Besme,,9.6386,16.018,besm1235,bes,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bes,Huner; Hounar; 'Unar; Beseme; Besemme; Bodor +2309,Gadang,,10.3473,17.2485,gada1262,gdk,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gdk, +2310,Jaya,,12.187,18.1645,jaya1242,jyy,,TD,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jyy, +2311,Karanga,,8.3093,15.3588,kara1484,kth,,TD,Africa,Maban,threatened,ISO 639-3,kth,Kurunga +2312,Kulfa,,9.9742,19.1848,kulf1238,kxj,,TD,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxj,"Kulfe; Kurmi; Kurumi; ""Kaba So""; Koulfa" +2314,Ghodoberi,,42.643,46.1027,ghod1238,gdo,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gdo,Godoberi; годоберинский язык; ღოდობერიული ენა; годоберийский язык; гъибдилIи мицци; Ɣibdiƛi micci; Godoberin +2315,Hinukh,,42.17642940057645,45.986961731064795,hinu1240,gin,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gin,Hinuq; Hinux; гинухский язык; ჰინუხური ენა; ჰინუზას მეც; гьинузас мец; hinuzas mec; Գինուխերեն; Ginukh; Ginux; Ginukhtsy; Guang +2316,Hunzib,,42.1654,46.2991,hunz1247,huz,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,huz,Gunzib; гунзибский язык; ჰუნზიბური ენა; гьонкьос мыц; honƛʼos mɨc; нахадинский язык; Enzeb; Xunzal; Khunzal; Khunzaly +2317,Nafi,,-6.3999,146.802,nafi1237,srf,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,srf,Sirak +2325,Marrithiyel,,-13.83887457,130.0009396,mari1424,mfr,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mfr,"Berinken; Berringen; Berringin; Bringen; Brinken; Brinkin; Marathiel; Maridhiel; Maridhiyel; Marithiyel; Muritijel; ""Brinken""; ""Bringen""; Maridiyal; Marithid; Maridiyel; Marithiel" +2327,Mariyedi,,-13.7687,129.876,mari1423,zmy,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmy,Marijedi; Murijadi; Marijadi +2329,Marriammu,,-12.28,130.5,marr1256,xru,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xru,Marri Ammu; MareAmmu; Mareammu +2330,Mati Ke,,-14.004314,129.855606,mart1254,zmg,,AU,Australia,Western Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmg,Madige; Magati-Ge; Magadige; Magati Gair; Magatige; Marrige; Marri-ge; Matige; Muringair; Murrinh Ke; Murrinh-ge; Magati Ke; Marti Ke +2345,Mambai,,9.6007,14.0899,mamb1294,mcs,,CM TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mcs,Mangbei; Mangbai; Manbai; Mambay; Mamgbay; Mamgbei; Mongbay; Mangbaï de Biparé; Momboi +2346,Geji,,10.291667,9.65,geji1246,gji,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gji,Geeji; Gyannzi; Gyaazə; Bagba; Gezawa; Gejawa; Gaejawa; Kayauri; Kaiyorawa +2347,Yaka,,2.66666666667,16.25,yaka1272,axk,,CG CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,axk,Aka; Nyoyaka; Beká; Pygmée de Mongoumba; Pygmée de la Lobaye; Pygmées de la Sanghas; Babinga; Bambenga; Binga; Beka; Mòáka +2365,Tofa,,53.7324,98.2589,kara1462,kim,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kim,Karagas; Tofalar; тофаларский язык; Tofaca; Tofa Türkçesi; Тоъфа дыл; Tòfa dıl +2366,Karaim,,50.7538,25.3351,kara1464,kdr,,UA LT,Europe,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kdr,Karaite; Karaïm +2367,Karata,,42.5874,46.3348,kara1474,kpt,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpt,Karatai; каратинский язык; კარატაული ენა; Karatin; КIкIирлIи мацIцIи; Kirdi +2368,Karelian,,58.0284,33.3215,kare1335,krl,,RU FI,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,krl,karjala; карельский язык; Karelian proper; Karelisch; carélien; karely; Sobstvenno-Karel'skij-Jazyk; Karely; Karelian Proper; Karel'skiy Jazyk; Severno-Karel'skij; karel΄skij jazyk; karjalan kieli; venäjänkarjalaisten kieli; Russisch-Karelisch; Olonetzisch-Lüdisch; Gárjilgiella +2369,Inupiaq,,68.3217,-133.532,inup1234,ipk,"Inupiaq is the collective term for the dialects of Western Eskimo (q.v.) spoken in Alaska and immediately adjacent parts of Northern Canada. There are two major dialect groups, Seward Peninsula Inupiaq (Qawiaraq) and North Alaskan Inupiaq. Seward Peninsula Inupiaq includes the local dialects of the southern Seward Peninsula and Norton Sound area, and of the villages surrounding Bering Strait and on King and Diomede Islands. North Alaskan Inupiaq includes the the Malimiut dialect around Kotzebue Sound and the North Slope dialect spoken along the Arctic Coast as far east as the Mackenzie Delta. The Seward Peninsula and North Alaskan dialect groups differ significantly from each other and a fair amount of experience is required for a speaker of one to understand a speaker of the other. (Golla et al. 2010.) + +Ethnologue (2013) considers Inupiaq [ipk] a ""macrolanguage"" which includes: North Alaskan Inupiatun [esi] and Northwest Alaska Inupiatun [esk]. Others do not make this distinction. ",US CA,North America,Eskimo-Aleut,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ipk,Inuit; Inuvialuktun +2370,Nauna,,-2.2159,148.1986,naun1237,ncn,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ncn,Naune; Admiralitäts-inseln +2371,Deg Xinag,,62.1655,-156.3134,dege1248,ing,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ing,"Kaiyuh-khotana; Deg Hit'an; Degexit'an; ""Ingalik""; ""Ingalit""; Deg Xit'an" +2372,Numbami,,-7.5177,147.2991,numb1247,sij,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sij,Siboma; Sipoma +2373,Onjob,,-9.2973,149.1613,onjo1240,onj,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,onj,Onjab +2374,Hopi,,35.8721,-110.6205,hopi1249,hop,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,hop,Tusayan; Moki; Moqui; Pueblo +2375,Holikachuk,,64.2254,-155.3027,holi1241,hoi,"Holikachuk is intermediate between Ingalik and Koyukon, and was only identified as a separate language in the 1970s.",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,ISO 639-3,hoi,Upper Innoko; Innoko +2376,Hidatsa,,47.7321,-102.6758,hida1246,hid,,US,North America,Siouan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hid,Gros Ventre; Minitari; Duan; Hiraca; Hinatsa; Minnetaree; Gros Ventres; Doan +2377,Háiɫzaqvḷa (Heiltsuk),,52.1591,-128.1546,heil1246,hei,"Golla et al. (2008): It has two deeply differentiated dialects, or emergent languages, Heiltsuk (also known as Bella Bella) and Oowekyala. Heiltsuk is principally spoken in two communities, Bella Bella (population 1200) and Kitasoo (or Klemtu, population 370), the latter on former Southern Tsimshian territory. There are between 100 and 200 fluent speakers, none under the age of 35. +First People's Cultural Council distinguishes two languages, Hailhzaqvla (Heiltsuk) [with 60 speakers] and 'Uik'ala/Oowekyala [with 6 speakers].",CA,North America,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hei,Heiltsuk; Bella Bella; Heiltsuk-Oweek'ala; Belbellah; Heiltsuk-Oowekyala +2379,Hulʻqʻumiʻnumʻ (Halkomelem),,48.7715,-123.6678,halk1245,hur,,US CA,North America,Salishan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,hur,Halkomelem; Hul'q'umi'num'; Halq'eméylem; hən̓q̓əmin̓əm; Hul’q’umin’um’; Holkomelem +2385,X̄enaksialak̓ala / X̄a'islak̓ala (Haisla),,53.9745,-128.6443,hais1244,has,,CA,North America,Wakashan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,has,X̄enaksialak̓ala; X̄a'islak̓ala; Xiʔslak'ala; Kitamat; Kitlope; Northern Kwakiutl; Haishilla; Haisla +2405,Northern Qiang,,32.0,102.666666667,nort2722,cng,Northern Qiang varieties and Southern Qiang varieties are mutually unintelligible. ,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cng,Qiang; 羌語北部方言 +241,Zenaga,,17.3333333333,-16.0,zena1248,zen,,MR EH,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,zen, +2425,Zazao,,-8.1832,159.2269,zaza1245,jaj,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jaj,Jajao; Kilokaka +2427,Dorig,,-14.28,167.516,weta1242,wwo,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wwo,Wetamut; Banks-Inseln +2428,Mosetén,,-15.4113,-67.5,mose1249,cas,"Mosetén and Tsimané and are often classified as separate languages belonging to the small linguistic family Mosetenan, although they are mutually intelligible. There are some dialects with considerable lexical and grammatical differences. ",BO,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cas,Chimané; Chimane; Chiman; Tsimane'; Tsimane; Tsinun; Tsimané; Chumano; Moseten; Tsinun; Tsimané; Nawazi-Moñtji; Rache; Muchan; Tucupi; Aparono; Mosetén language area +2429,Kerek,,62.25,175.0,kere1280,krk,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,krk,керекский язык +2430,Ket,,62.6236,87.7148,kett1243,ket,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Yeniseian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ket,Imbak; кетский язык; Yenisei Ostyak; Yenisey Ostiak; Imbatski-Ket; Остыганна ӄа’ +2431,Chimila,,10.0986,-73.894,chim1309,cbg,,CO,South America,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cbg,San Jorge; Chamila; Caca Weranos; Shimizya; Chimile; Ette Ennaka; Simiza; Ette Taara +2432,Chipaya,,-19.2074,-68.2031,chip1262,cap,"Earlier often mistakenly equated with Puquina. + +Kaufman (2007: 70) gives an “Uru-Chipaya language area”.",BO,South America,Chipaya-Uru,threatened,ISO 639-3,cap, +2434,Khakas,,53.7746,90.3735,khak1248,kjh,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjh,Khakhas; Abakan Tatar; хакасский язык; Хакас тілі; Xakas tįlį; тадар тілі; Hakasça; Hakas Türkçesi; Yenisei Tatar; Sagaijer; South Siberian Turkic; Abaqan; Khakhass; Xakas; Kamacintzi; ハカス語; 하카스어; 哈卡斯语 +2436,Khinalugh,,41.1579,48.0706,khin1240,kjj,,AZ,Caucasus,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjj,Xinalug; Xinaliq; Khinalug; Khinalugi; каьтш мицI; kätš micʼ; хиналугский язык; kaʕtʃ mitsʼ; kätš; kätiš; kättid mic’; Xınalıq dili; kətşi mi +2440,Gros Ventre,,48.4824,-108.7639,gros1243,ats,,US,North America,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,ats,Atsina; Gros Ventres; White Clay People; Ahahnelin; Ahe; Fall Indians; Ananin; Aáni; Northern Arapaho; Arapaho-Atsina +2441,Gwich'in,,67.4407,-134.8272,gwic1235,gwi,,US CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gwi,Dinjii Zhuh K'yaa; Kutchin; Kuchin; Tukudh; Takudh; Dagoo; Loucheux +2442,Hare,,64.438892,-124.498425,hare1244,,"Slavey can be further divided into Bearlake and Hare (together constituting North Slavey), Mountain, and Slave or South Slavey.",CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,scs-har,North Slavey +2445,Vamale,,-20.9665,164.7866,vama1243,mkt,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkt,Moaeke; Hmwaeke; Pamale; Neukaledonien +2446,Ura (Vanuatu),,-18.656405,169.064527,urav1235,uur,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uur,Aryau; Arau +2447,Tutuba,,-15.571269,167.28162,tutu1241,tmi,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tmi, +2448,Austral,,-23.3775,-149.4909,aust1304,aut,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aut,Tubuai-Rurutu +2449,Tuamotuan,,-17.0,-144.0,tuam1242,pmt,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmt,Pa'umotu +2450,Tolomako,,-15.1834,166.8438,tolo1255,tlm,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlm,Tolomako-Jereviu; Big Bay; Marina +2451,Tobian,,2.9594,131.8084,tobi1238,tox,,PW,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tox,Ramari Hatohobei; Hatohobeian; Tobi; Hatohobei +2452,Thao,,23.848579,120.930253,thao1240,ssf,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ssf,Sau; Sao; Shao; Chuihwan; Chui-Huan; Suihwan; Vulung; Sprache von Formosa; 邵語 +2453,Teanu,,-11.6333333333,166.833333333,tean1237,tkw,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tkw,Buma; Puma +2455,Tanapag,,15.24,145.76,tana1281,tpv,,MP,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpv,Northern Carolinian; Tallabwog; Sprache der Marianen +2465,Cuiva,,6.4463,-69.9389,cuib1242,cui,,CO VE,South America,Guajiboan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cui,Cuiba; Cuiba-Wámonae; Kuiva; Chiricoa; Cuiba-Wámonae; Hiwi; Maiben +2466,Curripaco,,2.3723,-67.5659,curr1243,kpc,"There have been difficulties in the past with the inconsistent treatment of Baniwa [bwi], Curripaco [pkc], Karútana (an extinct dialect of Baniwa), and Ipeka (a dialect of Curripaco in the literature. Sources also confuse other languages that are also called ""Baniwa"" (spelling varies), and sources differ as to what are considered dialects and what are held to be separate languages. +",BR CO VE,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kpc,Kurripako; Ipeka-Kurripako; Curipaco; Kuripaco; Koripako; Korispaso; Payualiene; Paiorience; Pacu +2485,Waima'a,,-8.4995,126.3372,waim1252,wmh,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wmh,Uai Ma'a; Waimaha; Waimoa; Uaimo'a +2487,Vera'a,,-13.813097,167.423783,vera1241,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,,, +2488,Totoli,,1.039,120.817,toto1304,txe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,txe,Tontoli; Tolitoli; Gage +2489,Teop,,-5.66666666667,155.0,teop1238,tio,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tio, +2490,Savosavo,,-9.1316,159.8124,savo1255,svs,,SB,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,svs,Savo; Savo Island +2505,Khvarshi,,42.3417,46.1212,khva1239,khv,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,khv,Khwarshi; Xvarshi; хваршинский язык; ხვარშიული ენა; Kedaes hikwa; Khvarshin; Khwarshi +2506,Koryak,,61.8561,168.6621,kory1246,kpy,"Like the speakers of Chukchee, the Koryak population is divided into two ecological groups known as the Coastal Koryak and the Reindeer or Chavchuven Koryak; in this case, dialectal differences are also involved.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,endangered,ISO 639-3,kpy,Nymylan; Korak; корякский язык; нымылан; Korjakische; Koræiki; Koriak +2508,Kryts,,41.1455,48.164,kryt1240,kry,,AZ,Caucasus,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kry,Kryz; Kryc; Dzek; кърыцIаь мез; qryc’ä mez; цIека meз; c’eka mez; Qrız dili; крызский язык; джекский язык; Kryzy; Katsy; Dzhek; Dzheki; Kjruaj mez +2509,Biliru,,-15.533224,167.136555,tamb1253,tls,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tls,Tambotalo +2510,Sowa,,-15.775905,168.185812,sowa1244,sww,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,sww, +2511,Ninde,,-16.46637,167.464395,labo1244,mwi,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mwi,Labo; Mewun; Meaun; Nide +2512,Nāti,,-16.516345,167.505623,nati1244,,Variety of Southwest Bay,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1hr,Naati +2513,Sörsörian,,-16.437,167.785,sors1241,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1l9,Sosorian +2514,Sian,,2.7199,113.7018,sian1255,spg,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,spg; sian1255,Sihan +2515,Ngen,,-15.338309,167.106526,shar1244,ssv,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ssv,Shark Bay +2516,Saisiyat,,24.5977,121.0762,sais1237,xsy,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xsy,Saiset; Seisirat; Saisett; Saisiat; Saisiett; Saisirat; Saisyet; Saisyett; Amutoura; Bouiok; Sprache von Formosa; 賽夏語 +2517,Hla'alua,,23.133,120.721,saar1237,sxr,"The Tsouic language has traditionally been divided into the northern branch (Tsou) and the southern branch (Kanakanabu and Saaroa). + +As for the ethnicity, the Saaroa people, together with the Kanakanabu people, had long been classified as part of the Tsou nationality in Taiwan. However, the Saaroa and the Kanakanabu have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014. ",TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sxr,Saaroa; Lha’alua; Saroa; Saarua; Rarua; La'alua; La'arua; Pachien; Paichien; Sisyaban; Shishaban; 拉阿魯哇語 +2518,Niolean,,-16.308246,167.675413,repa1237,rpn,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rpn,Repanbitip +2519,Southern Cook Islands Māori,,-8.0,-156.0,raro1241,,,AU PF NZ CK,Australia; Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,Glottolog,raro1241,Māori; Kuki Airani; Te Reo Māori o te Pae Tonga o te Kuki Airani +2520,Rapa Nui,,-27.108,-109.3579,rapa1244,rap,,CL,South America,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,rap,Easter Island; Pascuense; Rapanui; Öster-Insel Sprache +2525,Pwapwâ,,-20.8074,164.5367,pwap1237,pop,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pop,Poapoa; Neukaledonien +2526,Pwaamei,,-20.8767,164.7413,pwaa1237,pme,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pme,Poamei; Neukaledonien +2527,Punan Batu 1,,2.6021,114.0,puna1278,pnm,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnm, +2528,Narmoris,,-15.581852,167.076314,polo1242,plb,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,plb,Polonombauk +2529,Pije,,-20.7869,164.9487,pije1237,piz,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,piz,Pinje; Pindje; Neukaledonien +2545,Guamaca,,10.9196,-73.4985,mala1522,mbp,,CO,South America,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbp,Malayo; Marocasero; Maracasero; Sanja; Sanka; Sancá; Arosario; Arsario; Guamaka; Wiwa; Wamaka; Atanque; Kampanake; Bustintana; Sanká; Aisario; Nabela; Sanha; Marocacero; Huihua; Damana +2546,Mawng,,-12.06446118,133.060671,maun1240,mph,,AU,Australia,Iwaidjan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mph,Gunmarung; Mawung; Gun-Marung; Maw; Managari; Goulburn Islands; Gunmarang; Kunmarung; Manangari; Mau; Mauung; Maung +2547,Dâw,,0.2197,-68.7744,daww1239,kwa,"The term ""Makú"" has pejorative connotations; ""Nadahup"" is the preferred term for this group of languages. ",BR,South America,Nadahup,endangered,ISO 639-3,kwa,Kamã; Kamã Makú; Kam; Kamán; Daw; Dow; Kamarada; Makú-Kamarada; Kaman +2548,Meriam,,-9.9201,144.0472,meri1244,ulk,,AU,Australia,Eastern Trans-Fly,endangered,ISO 639-3,ulk,Miriam; Meryam Mir; Miriam-Mir; Mer; Mir; East Torres +2549,Miriwoong,,-16.01698315,128.7965195,miri1266,mep,,AU,Australia,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mep,Mirung; Merong; Miriwun; Miriwong; Mirriwong; Miriwu; Moreng; Mirong; Miriwung +2550,Mudburra,,-17.37280975,132.0454005,mudb1240,dmw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dmw,Madbara; Moodburra; Mootburra; Mudbara; Mudbera; Mudbra; Mulpira; Mutpura; Pinkangama; Karranga; Mudbura +2551,Murrinh-patha,,-14.236681,129.521756,murr1258,mwf,,AU,Australia,Southern Daly,threatened,ISO 639-3,mwf,Garama; Garrama; Murrinh-Patha; Murinbada; Murinbata; Murinypata; Murinjpata; Murinjbada; Marri-wutha; Garramung; Murriny Patha; Karama; Karaman; Murinkura; Nagor; Nangu; Mariwada; Mariwuda; Murrinpatha +2552,Nakara,,-12.166817,134.486542,naka1260,nck,,AU,Australia,Maningrida,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nck,Kokori; Nagara; Na-kara; Naka:ra; Naga:ra; Ngara; Gukari; Gukariya; Nakkara +2553,Ngan'gityemerri,,-14.268,131.237,nang1259,nam,,AU,Australia,Southern Daly,endangered,ISO 639-3,nam,Ngan'gityemeri; Ngan'gikurunggurr; Nangikurrunggurr; Ngenkikurrunggur; Ngangikarangurr; Ngankikurrunkurr; Nangikurunggurr; Ngankikurungkurr; Tyemeri; Marityemeri; Ngangikurrunggurr; Moil; Ngangikurongor; Ngangikurrungur; Nangityemeri; Ngenkityemeri +2554,Narungga,,-31.34203119,133.7639065,naru1238,nnr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nnr,Nanunga; Naranga; Narranga; Narranggu; Narrangu; Adjahdurah; Turra; Narrang-gu; Narrang-u; Nar-anga; Narunga; Adjadura; Murinandji; Moor-in-nunjie; Wallaroo tribe; Adjahdural; Narangga +2555,Ndjebbana,,-12.045029,134.229557,djee1236,djj,,AU,Australia,Maningrida,endangered,ISO 639-3,djj,Gunibidji; Gunavidji; Ndjébbana; Djeebbana; Gunawitji; Gunabidji; Gunabwidji; Gunjibidji; Witji; Kunibidji; Ndjéya; Gijiya; Djeepana; Gunaviji; Gunavidgi; Ndjébbana +2556,Ngaanyatjarra,,-25.983872,127.007311,ngaa1240,ntj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntj,Nyanganyatjara; Ngaanjatjarra; Ngadawongga; Witjandja; Kurara; Jabungadja; Ku:rara Nadadjara; Nga:da; Nga:dapitjardi; Ngad-adara; Ngadatara; Ngadatjara; Ngadjatara; Nganadjara; Ngatatara; Ngatatjara; Rumudjara; Teitudjara; Wan:udjara; Warara; Wirtjandja; Ngadhawonga; Ngarawonga; Nana; Warburton Ranges; Ngadadjara; Ngaanyatjara +2557,Ngarinyman,,-16.97501636,131.9362017,ngar1235,nbj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nbj,Ngarinmany; Agarinman; Airiman; Ainman; Hainman; Heineman; Hyneman; Nariman; Narinman; Ngaiman; Ngaimmun; Ngainman; Ngainmun; Ngarinman; Ngarnman; Ngraimun; Ngrainmunynhgahri; Ngrarmun; Ngrainmun +2558,Dení,,-6.5773,-68.1591,deni1241,dny,,BR,South America,Arawan,threatened,ISO 639-3,dny,Deni; Den; Dani +2559,Ngarluma,,-20.848545,117.696075,ngar1287,nrl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nrl,Ngalama; Ngaluma; Ngallooma; Gnalooma; Gnalouma; Gnalluma; Ngar-luma; Qualluana; Naluma; Nickol Bay tribe; Kymurra; Paljari; Kariera-Ngaluma +2560,Nyamal,,-21.30071734,119.7091996,nyam1271,nly,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nly,Njamat; Wanbarda; Widagari; Widagaree; Wirdakarri; Weedokarry; Weedookary; Pundju Njamal; Pundu N'amal; Njamal; Njamarl; Gnamo; Tjingkai Njamal; Ibarga; Ibarrga; Ibargo; Nyamel; N'amal; Njalmal; Namal; Namel +2561,Nyangumarta,,-19.844227,121.439695,nyan1301,nna,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nna,Ibarga; Ibarrga; Ibargo; I:baruga; Iparuka; Ngurlipartu; Pijikala; Nyangahyatjarra; Njangamarda; Kularupulu; Kundal; Waljuli Njangamarda; Nangamada; Nangam-urda; Nangumarda; Ngapakarna; Ngapakoreilitja; Ngardungardu; Njadamarda; Njangamada; Njangomada; Njangumada; Njangumarda; Njanja-marta; Nyangamada; Nyangumada; Nyangumarda; Nyangumata; Warmala; Nangumada; Nangumurdu; Ngolibardu; Ngulipartu; Nungoo'murdoo; Nya'umada; Nyangumurtu; Nangamurda +2562,Nyikina,,-18.20260282,124.2885679,nyig1240,nyh,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nyh,Njigina; Njikena; Nyigini; Njigena; Nigena; Nyi-gini; Njikin; Njigana; Wanji; Tjaba; Dja:ba; Yeeda; Nyigina +2564,Paakantyi,,-31.12813021,144.2235677,darl1243,drl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,drl,Darling; Darling River Language; Kula; Baagandji; Southern Baagandji; Barkindji; Barkandj; Paakantji; Kurnu; Guerno; Kornu; Cornu; Koono; Kuno; Bagundji; Barkinji; Barkungee; Bahkunji; Bahkunjy; Parkungi; Parkengee; Bakanji; Bakandi; Bargunji +2565,Panyjima,,-23.01539682,117.6751312,pany1241,pnw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnw,Pandjima; Panjtjima; Bandjima; Panjima; Banjima; Bailko-Pandjima; Mandanjongo; Pand'ima; Panytyima; Banyjima +2566,Pini,,-26.80165,121.99466,pini1248,pii,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pii,Bandjanu; Banjanu; Bini; Biniridjara; Birni; Birniridjara; Buranudjara; Jabura; Madutjara; Nana; Nangaritjara; Pandjanu; Piniiri; Piniridjara; Piniritjara; Pirniritjara; Tjubun; Wordako +2567,Pintiini,,-29.403367,126.990833,pint1251,pti,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pti,Bindinini; Bindunda; Pindiini; Pindini; Wangada; Wanggada; Wanggaji; Wangkatha; Wangkathaa; Wangkatja; Wonga; Wongaidya; Won-gaii; Wongai-I; Wonggai; Wonggaii; Wonkai; Mount Margaret +2568,Pintupi-Luritja,,-23.10008732,128.3208828,pint1250,piu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,piu,Panika; Bindubu; Pi:ntubi; Pintunala; Pintubu; Pindu; Pindubu; Pintudjara; Puntubu; Pintubidjara; Pintularapi; Pintubitjara; Bindooboo; Bindiboo; Bindibu; Bindaboo; Bindubi; Bindabu; Ilda; Ilta; Kalgonei; Kalguni; Kalgo-neidjara; Manggawara; Maiadjara; Maiidjara; Matju:na-latara; Teitudjara; Wankawinan; Wiluraratja; 'Wanka'winan; 'Wan-ka'winan; Wenamba; Wananwanari; Loridja; Pintubi; Binddibu; Kukatja; Kukacha; Luritja; Luritcha; Loritja; Loritcha; Lurritji; Aluridja; Loorudgie; Loorudgee; Juluridja; Maduntara; Maiulatara +2569,Pitcairn-Norfolk,,-29.022622,167.942864,pitc1234,pih,,NF PN,Australia; Pacific,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,pih,Pitcairnese; Pitcairn English; Pitkern; Norfuk; Norf'k; Norfolkese; Norfolk Language +2570,Pitjantjatjara,,-25.97129594,130.0189562,pitj1243,pjt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pjt,Bidjandja; Bidjandjadjara; Bidjandjara; Bidjuwongga; Ituarre; Mamoo; Mamu; Mulatara; Nangatadjara; Partutu; Peechintarra; Pidjandja; Pid-jandjara; Pijandarra; Pitdjandjara; Pitjandjadjara; Pitjanjarra; Pitjantjara; Pitjanzazara; Pitjendadjara; Pitjentara; Pitjindjatjara; Pitjinjara; Pitjinjiara; Pitjintara; Pitjintjitjira; Pituari; Tjitiadjara; Wanudjara; Wirtjapakandja; Woŋga-pitja; Wongapitcha; Wongapitjira; Pitjandjara; Pitkindjara; Pitjindjiara; Pitjangjadjara +2571,Rembarrnga,,-13.15456146,134.3934424,remb1249,rmb,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rmb,Rembarranga; Rembarunga; Rembarrunga; Rainbargo; Kaltuy; Rembarnga; Rainbarngo +2572,Ritharrngu,,-13.09134716,136.0384241,rita1239,rit,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,rit,Ritarungo; Ridarngo; Rittarungo; Ritaringo; Ritarngo; Ritarnugu; Ridharrngu; Wagelak; Wawilag; Buranad-jini; Dhiyakuy; Diakui; Dijogoi; Djikai; Jikai; Ridarngu; Ridarno; Ritar-ingo; Ritarngu; Ritarrngu; Ritharingau; Ritharrŋu; Tchikai; Yakuy; Ritharngu +2573,Kuuk Thaayorre,,-14.818,141.847,thay1249,thd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,thd,Thayore; Thaayorre; Taiol; Thaayorre; Tayore; Koko-Taiyor; Da:jor; Koko-Daiyuri; Kokkotaijari; Kokotaiyari; Gugujak; Daiyuri; Taiol; Kuuk Thayorre; Koko Daiyuri; Koko Taiyor; Kuuk Thaayoore; Thaayore; Thayorre; Taior; Gugudayor; Kuktayor; Kukudayore; Behran; Thaayorr; Koko Thayorr; Thayore; Ku-k Thayori; Dha:yore; Ku·k Thayori; Kuuk-Thaayorre +2574,Tiwi,,-11.6788294,130.8353696,tiwi1244,tiw,,AU,Australia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,tiw,Tunuvivi; Diwi; Wonga:k; Wongak; Wunuk; Ni-mara; Woranguwe +2575,Umpila,,-13.48164763,143.5323774,umpi1239,ump,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ump,Ombila; Ompeila; Ompela; Oom-billa; Umpilo; Umbila; Koko-umpilo; ʔumpila +2576,Wagiman,,-14.18804631,131.6147964,wage1238,waq,,AU,Australia,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,waq,Wogeman; Wageman; Wagaman; Wongkakaringa; Wakiman; Woggeman; Wogiman; Ongkakaringa +2577,Wajarri,,-27.017537,116.147032,waja1257,wbv,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wbv,Watjari; Watjarri; Wadjari; Wadjeri; Wadgaree; Wajeri; Wajjari; Wajari; Waian-wonga; Baialdju; Pidong; Wad'arri; Iirrawad-'ari; Irawadjari; Kurduwongga; Kurduwonga; Maliara; Miliarra; Miliara; Cheangwa; Wardal; Yajeri; Jamadj; Yamaidyi; Muliara; Malleyearra; Meloria; Waianwonga +2578,Walmajarri,,-18.417079,125.528069,walm1241,wmt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmt,Juwaliny; Tjuwalinj; Tjiwaliny; Djualin; Tjiwarliñ; Tjiwarliny; Djuwarliny Walmatjari; Walmatjiri; Walmajiri; Wolmeri; Pililuna; Walmatjari; Walmadjari; Warmala; Wulumari; Wolmera; Walmaharri; Wolmaharry +2579,Warnman,,-22.00041801,124.0387199,wanm1242,wbt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wbt,Mardu; Nanidjara; Nanid-jara; Nenidjara; Njanidjara; Nyaani; Wanmanba; Wanmin; Warumala; Wanman +2580,Wardaman,,-14.465267,132.246841,ward1246,wrr,,AU,Australia,Yangmanic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrr,Wartaman; Warduman; Wadaman; Wadderman; Wordaman; Waduman; Waderman; Warda'man; Wardman +2581,Warlmanpa,,-18.979026,134.293442,warl1255,wrl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrl,Wolperi; Wolpirra; Albura; Alpira; Alpiri; Elpira; Ilpara; Ilpira; Ilpirra; Nam-bulatji; Njambalatji; Ulperra; Wailbri; Walbiri; Walbrai; Wal-bri; Waljbiri; Waljpiri; Walmala; Walmanba; Walpari; Wanaeka; Wanajaga.; Wanajaka; Wanajeka; Waneiga; Waringari; Warrabri +2582,Warlpiri,,-20.200346,132.184067,warl1254,wbp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbp,Albura; Alpira; Alpiri; Elpira; Ilpara; Ilpira; Ilpirra; Nam-bulatji; Njambalatji; Ulperra; Wailbri; Walbiri; Walbrai; Wal-bri; Waljbiri; Waljpiri; Walmala; Walmanba; Walpari; Wanaeka; Wanajaga.; Wanajaka; Wanajeka; Waneiga; Waringari; Warrabri; Wolperi; Wolpirra; Waibry; Walmama; Ngaliya; Ngardilpa; Walpiri; Ngalia; Ngallia; Nambuda +2583,Warumungu,,-19.08616819,134.5462824,waru1265,wrm,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrm,Waramanga; Warramunga; Aira-manga; Leenaranunga; Uriminga; Waramunga; Warimunga; Warramonga; Warrmunga; Wurmega +2584,Wik-Iiyanh,,-14.768206,142.717761,wiki1239,wij,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wij,Wik-Iyanh; Wikianji; Wikianyi; Wik-Iyena; Wik-Iiyanyi; Wik-Iiyeny +2585,Wik-Mungkan,,-22.48008965,128.9740522,wikm1247,wim,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,wim,Wik-Munkan; Wik-Mungkhn; Munkan; Wik Mungkan; Wik Mimungkum; Wik-Mungkana; Wikmunkan; Mimungkum; Munkanj; Munkanu; Monkanu; Munggano; Wikmungkan; Wikmungken; Wik Mongkan; Wik Monkan; Wik-Mungken; Wik-Mongken; Munggan; Mungkañ; Wik-Mungkanha; Mungkanhu; Wik Munkan +2586,Wik-Ngatharr,,-14.192111,141.771564,wika1238,wik,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wik,Wik-Ngathara; Wik-Ngatharra; Wik-Ngathrr; Wikngatara; Wik Ngathara; Wikalkan +2587,Kugu-Nganhcara,,-14.167,141.842,wikn1246,wua,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wua,Wik Nganychara; Wik Ngencherr; Wik-Ngencherra; Wik-Natjerra; Ngandjara; Wik-nantjara; Wik Ngantjera; Wiknantyara; Kugu Nganychara; Nantjara; Ngantjeri; Wik-Nantjara; Wik Njinturawik-Nganhcara; Wikngenchera; Kugu Nganchara +2588,Worrorra,,-15.69549526,124.8442304,worr1237,wro,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,wro,Worora; Worrora; Wurora; Wo'rora; Worrara; Wurara; Wurura; Maialnga; Yangibaia; Wororra; Ong Komi +2589,Wubuy,,-13.870039,135.736922,nung1290,nuy,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuy,Nunggubuyu; Nangabuya; Ningburia; Nuggaboju; Nugubuyu; Nungabuya; Nungabuyu; Nungbuju; Nunggabuyu; Nungguboiju; Nungguboiyu; Nunggubuju; Nunggubu'ju; Nungkubuyu; Nun-guboiyu; Nungubuju; Nungubuyu; Yingkwira; Nunggubuju̇; Nunggebuyu +2590,Yir-Yoront,,-15.15400921,141.7960017,yiry1245,yiy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yiy,Jir Joront; Yirʔ Yoront; Kokomindjin; Kokomandjoen; Kokominjen; Yir Yiront; Gwandera; Kokomindjen; Mandjoen; Millera; Mind'jana; Mundjun; Myunduno; Jirjoront; Koka-mungin; KokoMandjoen; Koko-manjoen; Kokomindjan; Kokominjan; Koko-Minychéna; Kuuk-Thawvnhon; Yirrq-Thuch; Yirrq Yorront; Yirr-Yorront; Yir-yiront; Yir Yoront +2591,Ayapanec Zoque,,18.223405,-93.111446,taba1264,zoq,Widely reported from Daniel Suslak's research that there are only 2 speakers who don't talk to each other.,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zoq,Ayapanec; Ayapaneco; Ayapa; Zoque; Tabasco; Zoque de Tabasco; Zoque de Ayapanec; Zoque; Numde Oode; Numdi Oodi +2592,Saba,,11.1487,18.0175,saba1276,saa,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,saa,Jelkung +2593,Sarwa,,10.5958,17.0397,saru1245,swy,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,swy,Sarua; Saroua +2594,Tamki,,11.48,18.2125,tamk1242,tax,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tax,Temki +2595,Ubi,,12.1534,18.6946,ubii1238,ubi,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ubi,Oubi +2596,Boruca,,8.83333333333,-83.25,boru1252,brn,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,awakening,ISO 639-3,brn,Brunca; Brunka; Brúncajc; Brúnkajk +2597,Southern Emberá,,5.0,-76.0,embe1262,cmi,"The Emberá dialect continuum (Catío, Chamí, Napipí River, Saija, Sambú) includes Southern Emberá and Northern Emberá (Emperã, Eberã Bed’ea, Eperã Pedea, Atrato, Darién, Dariena, Panama Embera, Eberã, Cholo [Choco]). + +Ethnologue lists 6 distinct Emberá languages, 2 Northern Emberá: + Emberá-Catío [cto] + Northern Emberá [Emp] + +and 4 Southern Emberá: + Emberá-Baudó [bdc] + Emberá-Chamí [cmi] + Epena (Emberá-Saija) [sjia] + Emberá-Tadó [tdc].",CO PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cmi,Emberá- Baudó (Baudó; Catrú); Emberá-Chamí (Chami); Epena (Emberá-Saija; Saija; Epená Saija; Epéna Pedée; Southern Embera; Southern Empera; Cholo +2598,Emerillon,,2.8991,-52.8881,emer1243,eme,,GF,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,eme,Emerilon; Melejo; Mereo; Mereyo; Emereñon; Teco; Wayampí; Oyampí; Emérillon; Karipuna; Guayapi; Guaiapi; Oiampí; Wajapae; Wayãpi; Waiãpi; Waiampi; Wayapae; Oyampík; Oyanpík; Wajapuku; Emerenhão; Wayampí language area +2605,Sáliva,,5.3097,-69.873,sali1298,slc,,CO VE,South America,Saliban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,slc; sali1298,Saliba; Sáliba (in Colombia) +2606,Saliba,,-10.5833333333,150.716666667,sali1295,sbe,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbe, +2607,South Marquesan,,-8.91666666667,-140.083333333,sout2866,mqm,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mqm,Marquesan; Marquesas-Inseln Sprache; Marquesas; Marquesan; South +2608,Jaminjung,,-15.02818965,130.3565783,djam1255,djd,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,djd,Baj Subgroup; Dyaminydyung; Djamadjong; Djamindjun; Djamundon; Djamunjun; Dyamindyung; Jaminjang; Kaminjung; Murinyuwan; Murinyuwen; Tjamindjung; Tjaminjun; Yilngali; Djamindjung; Jilngali; Jaminjungan +2625,Ninzo,,12.799812,8.51689,ninz1246,nin,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nin,Ninzam; Nunzo; Gbhu D Amar Randfa; Amar Tita; Ancha; Incha; Kwasu; Akiza; Sambe; Fadan Wate; Hate +2645,Papi,,-4.5,142.0,papi1255,ppe,,PG,Pacific,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppe,Paupe; Baiyamo +2646,Piu,,-6.9591,146.4257,piuu1237,pix,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pix,Sanbiau; Lanzog; Kuruko +2647,Puare,,-2.8689,141.6577,puar1240,pux,,PG,Pacific,Sko,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pux,Puari; Bkwala +2648,Samosa,,-5.0116,145.5386,samo1306,swm,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,swm, +2649,Sene,,-6.3753,147.7825,sene1263,sej,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sej, +2650,Sengseng,,-6.0681,150.2792,seng1281,ssz,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ssz,Asengseng +2651,Sepa (Papua New Guinea),,-4.3245,144.9755,sepa1241,spe,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,spe, +2652,Sera,,-3.0033,141.9158,sera1260,sry,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sry,Ssia; Serra +2653,Zirenkel,,12.136,18.4735,zire1244,zrn,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,zrn, +2665,Emberá-Catío,,7.16666666667,-76.3333333333,embe1260,cto,"The Emberá dialect continuum (Catío, Chamí, Napipí River, Saija, Sambú) includes Southern Emberá and +Northern Emberá (Emperã, Eberã Bed’ea, Eperã Pedea, Atrato, Darién, Dariena, Panama Embera, Eberã, Cholo [Choco]). + +Ethnologue lists 6 distinct Emberá languages: +Northern Emberá (2languages) + Emberá, Northern [emp] + Emberá-Catío [cto] +Southern Emberá (4 languages) + Emberá-Baudó [bdc] + Emberá-Chamí [cmi] + Emberá-Tadó [tdc] + Epena [sja] +",CO PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cto,Emperã; Eberã Bed'ea; Eperã Pedea; Atrato; Darién; Dariena; Panama Embera; Eberã; Cholo; Choco; Emberá-Catío; Catio; Katio; Embena; Eyabida (Alternate names in Panama: Catío; Epera); Ember-Cato; Dabeiba; Catío +2668,Gavião,,-10.6666666667,-62.0,gavi1246,gvo,Not to be confused with Gavião do Parã [gvp].,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvo,Gavião do Jiparaná; Gavião do Rondônia; Digüt; Ikõrõ; Gavião +2669,Gavião de Parã,,-5.3316,-46.7138,para1315,gvp,"Timbíra (Canela [Kanela], Krenjé, Krahó, Pykobyê). Ethnologue has +Gavião of Pará (Parakatêjê, Pukobjê) as a separate language, said to be related to Krikati-Timbira, Canela, Krahô. + +Not to be confused with Gavião (do Jiparaná) [gvo].",BR,South America,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvp,Pukobyé; Piokob; Bocobu; Gavião; Parã; Parakatêjê; Pukobjê; Canela; Kanela; Krenjé; Krahó +2670,Kreye,,-2.5644,-46.6589,krey1238,xre,"Timbíra (Canela [Kanela], Krenjé, Krahó, Pykobyê). Ethnologue has Krahô and Kreye (Krem-Ye, Crenge, Crange, Creye, Crenye, Taze, Tage) as distinct languages from ""Canela"".",BR,South America,Jean,dormant,ISO 639-3,xre,Crengez; Krenjé; Crenge; Bacabal; Kremye; Kreye; Krem-Ye; Crange; Creye; Crenye; Taze; Tage; Canela; Kanela; Krahó; Pukobyé +2671,Krikatí,,-5.8674,-46.7468,krik1239,xri,"Timbíra (Canela [Kanela], Krenjé, Krahó, Pykobyê). +Ethnologue has Krinkati-Timbira (with dialects Krinkati [Karakati] and Timbira). It gives Canela as a separate language, with dialects: +Apanjekra (Apanhecra, Apaniekra), Ramkokamekra. It also lists as separate Gavião of Pará (Parakatêjê, Pukobjê), said to be related to Krikati-Timbira, Canela, Krahô; it also has Krahô and Kreye (Krem-Ye, Crenge, Crange, Creye, Crenye, Taze, Tage) as distinct languages.",BR,South America,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,xri,Krinkati; Krikati-Timbira; Canela; Kanela; Krenjé; Krahó; Pukobyé; Krikati-Timbita +2672,Guajibo,,6.25,-71.5,guah1255,guh,,CO VE,South America,Guajiboan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guh,Guahibo; Guaybo; Sikuani; Sicuani; Goahibo; Guaigua; Guayba; Wahibo; Goahiva; Hiwi; Wahivo +2673,Bwisi,,-3.5572,11.4477,bwis1242,bwz,,GA CG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwz,Ibwisi; Mbwisi +2675,Anfillo,,8.5049,34.7415,anfi1235,myo,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,myo,Southern Mao; Mao; South Mao; Anfilo +2676,Kwama,,9.5465,34.2059,kwam1249,kmq,,ET,Africa,Koman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmq,Takwama; Gwama; Goma; Gogwama; Qewama; Koma of Asosa; North Koma; Nokanoka; Afan Mao; Amam; T'wa Kwama; Mao +2677,Kwegu,,5.4191,36.0791,kweg1241,xwg,,ET,Africa,Surmic,endangered,ISO 639-3,xwg,Koegu; Kwegi; Koyego; Menja; Nidi; Bacha +2678,Dahālík,,15.732898,40.081897,daha1247,dlk,,ER,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlk,Dahlak; Dahalik +2680,Nayi,,7.2698,36.1724,nayi1243,noz,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,noz,Naya; Na'o; Nao +2681,Opuuo,,8.3202,33.8873,opuu1239,lgn,,ET SS,Africa,Koman,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgn,"Opo-Shita; Opo; Opuo; Upo; Cita; Ciita; Shita; Shiita; Ansita; Kina; Kwina; ""Langa""; Shitta" +2685,Sissano,,-3.0129,142.0491,siss1243,sso,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sso,Sisano; Sinano; Sinama; Aissano; Siau +2686,Som,,-6.1296,146.4642,somm1240,smc,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,smc,Somm +2687,Asaba,,-5.0526,141.9818,suar1238,seo,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,seo,Duranmin; Akiapmin; Suarmin; Wani +2688,Sumariup,,-4.7,143.3,suma1269,siv,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,siv,Sogoba; Latoma +2689,Susuami,,-7.2044,146.5493,susu1251,ssu,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ssu, +2690,Ts'amay,,5.4382,37.2463,tsam1247,tsb,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tsb,Tsamai; S'amai; Tamaha; Tsamako; Tsamakko; Bago S'aamakk-Ulo; Kuile; Kule; Cule; Tsamay; Tsemay +2691,Taulil,,-4.41666666667,152.083333333,taul1251,tuh,,PG,Pacific,East New Britain,endangered,ISO 639-3,tuh,Butam; Neu-Pommern +2692,Guajá,,-3.4914,-46.2963,guaj1256,gvj,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvj,Awá; Avá; Awá Guajá; Ayaya; Guaxare; Wazaizara +2693,Tenis,,-1.6394,150.6939,teni1244,tns,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tns,Tench +2694,Guajajára,,-4.8282,-46.8017,guaj1255,gub,,BR,South America,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gub,Guajajára; Guazazzara; Tenetehara; Tenetehára; Guajajara; Guajajra +2695,Turaka,,-9.796,149.447,tura1265,trh,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,trh, +2696,Guajiro,,12.0,-72.0,wayu1243,guc,,CO VE,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guc,Goajiro; Wayuu; Wahiro; Guajira; Goahiro; Wayuunaiki +2697,Guambiano,,2.6138,-76.3906,guam1248,gum,,CO,South America,Barbacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gum,Guambiano; Guambia; Moguex; Namdrik; Guambiana; Mogües; Moguez; Wam; Misak; Guambiano-Moguez; Wambiano; Mogés; Guambía; Wambiano-Mogés +2698,Guana (Paraguay),,-22.0,-58.0,guan1268,gva,,PY,South America,Mascoyan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gva,Guaná; Kaskiha; Kaskihá; Cashquiha; Kashika; Kashiha; Vana peema +2700,Malo,,6.950294,37.025083,melo1242,mfx,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfx,Melo; Mello +2701,Sheko,,7.463219,35.452667,shek1245,she,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,she,Shekko; Shekka; Tschako; Shako; Shak; Shakko +2702,Yem,,7.6347,37.3205,yems1235,jnj,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jnj,Yemsa; Yemma; Janjero; Janjerinya; Janjor; Yangaro; Zinjero +2703,Lolak,,0.8569,124.0081,lola1250,llq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,llq, +2704,Vehes,,-6.9427,146.9311,vehe1237,val,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,val,Buasi; Vehees +2705,Wab,,-5.6296,146.39,wabb1237,wab,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wab,Som +2706,Bangka,,-2.335839,106.038567,bang1365,mfb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mfb,Lom; Belom; Mapor; Maporese +2707,Warapu,,-2.9876,141.9838,wara1302,wra,,PG,Pacific,Sko,endangered,ISO 639-3,wra,Barupu; Varofu; Waropu +2708,Loun,,-2.8717,128.8366,loun1239,lox,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,lox, +2709,Yeri,,-3.5,142.4,yapu1240,yev,"Older sources refer to this language as Yapunda because it is spoken in Yapunda village; however, speakers refer to their language as Yeri.",PG,Pacific,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yev,Yapunda; Reiwo; Hiro; Giro +2710,Maku'a,,-8.4017,127.2271,maku1277,lva,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lva,Lovaea; Lovaia +2711,Yimas,,-4.6038,143.6077,yima1243,yee,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,yee, +2712,Mander,,-2.4341,138.7284,mand1443,mqr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Orya-Tor,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mqr, +2713,Hatam,,-1.0,134.0,hata1243,had,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,had,Hattam; Borai; Mansim; Atam; Tinam; Miriei; Moi; Adihup; Uran +2714,Mapia,,0.8321,134.3023,mapi1250,mpy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,mpy,Mapian +2715,Maremgi,,-2.2571,139.5455,mare1261,mrx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Orya-Tor,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mrx,Marengge +2716,Masep,,-1.7575,138.3178,mass1263,mvs,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mvs,Massep; Wotaf; Potafa +2717,Momuna,,-4.83333333333,139.25,momu1241,mqf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mqf,Somahai; Somage; Sumohai +2718,"Mor (Bomberai Peninsula, Indonesia)",,-2.8607,132.7697,morb1239,moq,Some consider any link to Trans-New Guinea premature.,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,moq,Mor2; Mor (of Bomberai) +2719,Marori,,-8.519,140.501,moro1289,mok,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mok,Morori; Moraori; Moaraeri; Morari +2720,Napu,,-1.33333333333,120.416666667,napu1241,npy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,npy,Pekurehua +2721,Narau,,-3.3818,139.8202,nara1265,nxu,"Language removed from ELCat May 2016, per Ethnologue ""unattested."" The language previously identified as Narau is probably Kosare [kiq]. See http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/cr_files/2011-072.pdf?_ga=GA1.2.147013216.1453865789. + +---- +Reinstated 5/25/16 per instructions from Bill Palmer. (AKB)",ID,Southeast Asia,Kaure-Narau,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nxu, +2723,Nauete,,-8.7357,126.7053,naue1237,nxa,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nxa,Nauhete; Naueti; Naóti; Nauote; Nauoti +2724,Tacana,,-13.5,-68.0,taca1256,tna,,BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tna,Takana; Tupamasa +2725,Suyá,,-10.5559,-53.0639,suya1243,suy,Suyá and Tapayúna belong to the same language.,BR,South America,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,suy,Suya; Kisêdjê; Suiá +2726,Nila,,-3.2173,128.9849,nila1244,nil,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nil, +2727,Suruí do Pará,,-5.2441,-52.7014,suru1261,mdz,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mdz,"Suruí; Suruí do Tocantins; Akewere; Akewara; Aikewara; Mudjétire; ""Mudjetíre""; ""Mudjetíre-Suruí""; Suruí; Suruí do Tocantins; Mudjetíre" +2728,Obokuitai,,-3.0,138.0,obok1239,afz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,afz,Obogwitai; Ati; Aliki +2729,Paiter,,-11.1245,-61.3476,suru1262,sru,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sru,Suruí do Jiparaná; Suruí de Rondônia; Paiter; Paitér; Surui Paiter +2730,Sirionó,,-14.557,-63.7316,siri1273,srq,,BO,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,srq,Mbia Chee; Mbya; Siriono; Chori; Mbia; mbya +2732,Oirata,,-8.0755,127.1777,oira1263,oia,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,oia,Maaro +2734,Siriano,,0.75,-70.1666666667,siri1274,sri,"Siriano [sri] and Desano [des] are not considered separate languages Desano (Desano-Siriano) by several scholars. (Cf. Campbell 2012:107.) +""Lexical similarity: 90% with Desano [des], but the 2 languages diverge in their use of grammatical suffixes (Crevels 2007)"" (Ethnologue 2013).",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,sri,Sirianó; Siriana; Desano-Siriano; Chiranga; Desano-Siriano; Siria-Masã; Sarirá; Cirnga; Si-Ra; Sura Masa; Siriane; Surianá; Surirá; Suryana +2737,Shikuyana,,1.9991,-56.2719,siki1239,sik,"For some, Shikuyana is a dialect of Kashuyana (Kaxuiana, Katxúyana), for others the two are separate languages. ELCat has a separate entry for each.",SR,South America,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,sik,Sikiana; Chikena; Chiquena; Chiquiana; Shikiana; Sikiána; Sikiâna; Sikïiyana; Sikiyana; Tshikiana; Xikiyana; Xikujan; Katxúyana; Kaxuiana; Kashuyana-Warikyana +2738,Shipibo,,-8.4289,-74.6411,ship1254,shp,"Fleck (2013): Shipibo-Konibo is a single language with 3 dialects: Shipibo; Konibo (currently fused) and obsolescent Kapanawa of the Tapiche River (no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it) (p. 11). + +Shipibo and Kapanawa of the Tapiche River share 90% of their vocabulary and have fewer phonological differences than American and British dialects of English (p. 17). + +The Kapanawas of the Tapiche River and the (Shipibo-)Konibos are so closely related linguistically that their +separation must have taken place closer to 1600 a.d. (p. 21). +. + + + +",PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shp,Shipibo-Conibo; Shipibo-Konibo +2739,Onin,,-2.9745,132.2383,onin1245,oni,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,oni,Onim; Sepa +2741,Ormu,,-2.5136,140.6675,ormu1248,orz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,orz, +2742,Ona,,-53.0,-70.0,onaa1245,ona,,AR,South America,Chonan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ona,Selknam; Selk'nam; Shelknam; Aona; Island Chonan; Selk'nam; Chon; Island Chon language area +2744,Padoe,,-2.33333333333,121.333333333,pado1242,pdo,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pdo,South Mori; Padoé; Alalao +2746,Palu'e,,-8.326781,121.718478,palu1252,ple,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ple,Palue; Lu'a; Paluqe +2748,Saraveca,,-16.07,-57.8,sara1331,sar,,BO,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,sar,Sarave; Saraveka; Zarabe +2749,Sapé,,5.0033,-63.5449,sape1238,spc,"Sapé / Kaliana has sometimes been considered extinct, though reports persist of possible (but unidentified) speakers; 40 words were collected from what appear to be rememberers in 2008 (Perozo et al. 2008).",VE,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,spc; sape1238,Caliana; Kaliana; Kariana; Calianá; Chirichano; Cariana +2750,Sanumá,,4.5,-64.6666666667,sanu1240,xsu,,BR VE,South America,Yanomaman,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsu,Sanuma; Sanum; Sanɨma; Tsanuma; Sanema; Samatari; Guaika; Samatli; Xamatari; Shiriana; Sanemá; Sanima; Samatali; Chirichano; Sanma +2751,Panasuan,,-2.24,119.65,pana1303,psn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,psn,To Panasean; To Pamosean +2752,Sanapaná,,-22.0,-59.0,sana1298,spn,,PY,South America,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,spn,Sanapana; Quilyacmoc; Kelya'mok; Saapa'ang; Kisapang +2753,Mondé,,-8.7602,-63.9074,sala1273,mnd,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,mnd,Sanamaiká; Sanamaykã; Sanamaica; Salamãi; Salamaikã; Sanamaikã; Sanamaika; Monde; Sanamaí +2754,Paulohi,,-3.25,128.75,paul1238,plh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,plh, +2756,Sabané,,-12.5277,-59.6859,saba1268,sae,,BR,South America,Nambikwaran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sae,Sabane; Sabanês; Sabones; Sabanê; Sabanés +2757,Rikbaktsá,,-10.6174,-58.2714,rikb1245,rkb,,BR,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,rkb,Rikbaktsa; Erikbatsa; Aripaktsá; Eribatsa; Eripatsa; Canoeiro; Aripaktsa; Erikpatsa +2759,Reyesano,,-14.7748,-66.9396,reye1240,rey,,BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rey,Maropa; San Borjano +2760,Yoke,,-1.8151,137.8193,yoke1238,yki,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lower Mamberamo,endangered,ISO 639-3,yki,Yoki; Yauke; Jauke; Pauwi; Pauwi I; Pauwi II +2762,Petjo,,-6.2716,106.7871,petj1238,pey,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pey,Petjoh; Pecok +2766,Puruborá,,-12.3292,-64.2919,puru1264,pur,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pur,Puruba; Aurã; Pumbora; Puroborá; Burubora; Kuyubi; Cujubi; Migueleno; Miguelenho; Boruborá; Purubora +2767,Puinave,,4.0,-68.0,puin1248,pui,,CO VE,South America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,pui,Guipuinave; Guaipunavos; Puinabe; Guaipuinavi; Waipuinavi; Wonsüht; Guaipunavi; Wãnsöhöt +2769,Pendau,,0.65,120.1,pend1242,ums,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ums,Ndau; Ndaoe; Umalasa +2770,Yurutí,,1.0,-70.4166666667,yuru1263,yui,,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,yui,Yuruti; Juruti; Jurutí; Yuruti-Tapuya; Luruty-Tapuya Juriti; Juriti-Tapuia; Wayhara; Patsoka; Wajiaraye; Yuruti; Wajiara; Totsoca; Wadzana; Waikana; Waimasá; Yurutiye +2773,Piru,,-3.05,128.1747,piru1241,ppr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppr,Pirupiru +2774,Rahambuu,,-3.1898,121.0858,raha1237,raz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,raz,Wiau; Wiaoe +2775,Salas,,-3.135,130.5505,sala1269,sgu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sgu,Liambata; Lenkaitahe; Salas Gunung +2776,Saluan,,-0.903653,122.640925,salu1253,loe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,loe,Saluan; Coastal; Loinang; Loindang; Madi; Mondono +2777,Saponi,,-2.4025,136.5037,sapo1254,spi,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,spi, +2778,Sauri,,-2.33,136.79,saur1251,srt,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3,srt, +2779,Sause,,-3.1706,139.7515,saus1247,sao,Some question any relation to Tor languages.,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,sao,Seuce +2780,Senggi,,-3.4339,140.7685,seng1285,snu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,snu,Sengi; Viid +2781,Serili,,-8.1136,129.9023,seri1255,sve,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sve, +2782,Sobei,,-1.91666666667,138.75,sobe1238,sob,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sob,Biga; Imasi; Liki +2783,Taikat,,-2.8429,140.846,taik1255,aos,,ID,Southeast Asia,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,aos,Tajkat; Arso; Abrap; Marap; Taigat +2784,Taje,,-0.803,120.084,taje1237,pee,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,pee,Petapa +2786,Tajio,,-0.155,120.004,taji1246,tdj,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tdj,Kasimbar; Tadjio; Ta'adjio; Adjio +2787,Taloki,,-4.5928,122.8628,talo1252,tlk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlk,Taluki +2788,Talondo',,-2.3723,119.3774,talo1251,tln,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tln,Nordost-Celebes +2789,Tandia,,-2.8552,134.522,tand1253,tni,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tni, +2790,Tarpia,,-2.38,139.97,tarp1240,tpf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpf,Tarfia; Sufrai +2791,Tause,,-2.8744,136.2469,taus1252,tad,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,tad,Doa; Darha +2792,Te'un,,-6.9809,129.1394,teun1241,tve,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tve, +2793,Tomini,,0.0564,120.551,tomi1243,txm,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,txm,Tiadje; Tialo; Mouton +2794,Tobati,,-2.58333333333,140.666666667,toba1266,tti,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tti,Jotafa; Yotafa; Yautefa; Humboldt Jotafa; Jayapura; Enggros; Tobwadic +2795,Tofanma,,-3.5675,140.7925,tofa1246,tlg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Namla-Tofanma,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlg,Tofamna +2796,Tomadino,,-2.5836,121.9729,toma1248,tdi,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tdi, +2797,Tombelala,,-2.5315,121.9454,tomb1245,ttp,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttp, +2798,Ujir,,-5.6105,134.2776,ujir1237,udj,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,udj,Udjir; Aru +2799,Afra,,-3.5449,140.7499,usku1243,ulf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,ulf,Usku +2800,Wano,,-3.5463,137.9058,wano1243,wno,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,wno,Waano +2801,Waritai,,-3.2173,138.4497,wari1264,wbe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,wbe,Weretai; Wari +2802,Waru,,-3.4393,121.9921,waru1266,wru,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wru,Mopute; Mapute +2803,Woria,,-1.5893,137.9127,wori1246,wor,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wor, +2804,Wotu,,-2.6303,120.888,wotu1240,wtw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wtw, +2805,Taiwano,,0.0,-71.0,taiw1247,,"Taiwano (Eduria) is a dialect of Barasano for many classifiers; Ethnologue gives Barasana-Eduria (BSN), indicating 98% similarity between Eduria and Barasano, just some phonological differences. Nevertheless, Tukanoanists hold Eduria (Taiwano) to be a separate language.",CO,South America,Tucanoan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,bsn-tai,Taiwano; Taibano; Taiwaeno; Eduria; Taiguana +2825,Reshe,,10.8791,4.6115,resh1242,res,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,res,Tsureshe; Tsureja; Bareshe; Gunga; Gungawa; Gunganchi; Yaurawa +2826,Sandawe,,-5.342583,35.562744,sand1273,sad,,TZ,Africa,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sad,Sandaui; Sandaweeki; Sandwe; Kisandawe; Sandawi +2827,Adasen Itneg,,17.817292,120.936869,adas1235,tiu,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tiu,Adasen; Addasen Tinguian; Addasen; Itneg; Adasen +2828,Inagta Alabat,,14.101353,122.013567,alab1246,dul,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dul,Alabat Island Agta; Alabat Island Dumagat +2829,Camarines Norte Agta,,14.2,122.383,cama1250,abd,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abd,Manide; Agiyan; Agta; Camarines Norte +283,Beni Iznassen,,34.9167,-2.3167,beni1249,,,MA,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,rif-ben,Beni Snassen; Iznacen +2830,Central Cagayan Agta,,17.9666666667,121.833333333,cent2084,agt,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,agt,Agta (Central); Agta (Central Cagayan); Agta; Central Cagayan +2831,Isarog Agta,,13.6805,123.3805,isar1235,agk,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,agk,Bikol +2832,Mount Iraya Agta,,13.46,123.57,mtir1236,atl,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atl,Mt. Iraya Agta; Bikol; Inagta of Mt. Iraya; Rugnot of Lake Buhi East; Lake Buhi East; Itbeg Rugnot; Agta; Mt. Iraya +2833,Northern Alta,,15.7162,121.4085,nort2875,aqn,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aqn,Edimala; Baler Negrito; Ditaylin Alta; Ditaylin Dumagat; Alta; Northern +2834,Arta,,16.216,121.599,arta1239,atz,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atz, +2836,Faire Atta,,18.027,120.4929,fair1238,azt,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,azt,Southern Atta +2845,Bataan Ayta,,14.4324,120.4788,bata1297,ayt,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayt,Mariveles Ayta; Bataan Sambal; Ayta; Bataan +2846,Sorsogon Ayta,,13.027,124.1549,sors1239,ays,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ays,Ayta; Sorsogon +2849,Batak,,10.306,119.256,bata1301,bya,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bya,Babuyan; Tinitianes; Palawan Batak; Battak +285,Ouargli,,30.9587,4.0209,taga1278,oua,,DZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,oua,Tagargrent; Teggargrent; Ouargla; Wargla +2850,Ratagnon,,12.28,121.19,rata1245,btn,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,btn,Datagnon; Latagnun; Latan; Lactan; Aradigi; Bisaya +286,Taznatit,,29.3413,0.3955,tazn1238,grr,,DZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grr,Zenati; Zenatia; Znatiya; Zenete; Shilha; Garawa +2887,Ari,,-8.0,142.4,arii1243,aac,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aac, +2891,Negidal,,52.942,139.779,negi1245,neg,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,neg,Neghidal; Nigidal; Ilkan Beye; El'kan Beye; Elkembei; негидальский язык; Неғида; Negidaly +2893,Nganasan,,72.816,91.582,ngan1291,nio,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nio,Tavgi Samoyed; Tavgy; Ŋanasan; Tawgy; Tavgi; нганасанский язык; тавгийский язык; tavgiysky; тавгийско-самоедский язык; tavgiysko-samoyedsky; ня”; njaʔ; Ня’’ сиәде; Nganasanin kieli; Northern Samoyed; Tawgy-Samojedisch; Nganasanisch; tavgui; ŋanasaŋ; nganasany; Tawgi; Samojeditawgi; Tawgy-Sprache +2894,Guató,,-17.0,-58.0,guat1253,gta,,BR,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gta,Guato +2896,Sakhalin Nivkh,,51.7814,143.1628,sakh1247,niv,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Nivkh,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,niv,Nivx; Gilyak; сахалинский нивхский язык; Nivkhi; Nivukhi; Ghilyak; Ghiliak; Gilyak; Gelyak; Giriyaaku; Нивхгу диф; Ньиғвӈгун; гиляцкий язык +2897,Noghay,,43.8028,46.2744,noga1249,nog,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nog,Nogai; Noghai; ногайский язык; ногай тили; ногайша; Nogayca; Nogay Türkçesi; Nogay; Noghai; Noghaylar; Nogaitsy; Nogalar; Noqay dili +2898,Guayabero,,2.6028,-72.3999,guay1257,guo,,CO,South America,Guajiboan,threatened,ISO 639-3,guo,Cunimía; Jiw; Mítus; Mítua; Wayavero; Hiw +2899,Gününa-Küne,,-41.0,-67.0,puel1244,pue,"Gününa-Küne (Gennaken, Northern Tehuelche, Puelche, Pampa, Gününa Yajich). Ethnologue lists this as Puelche [pue] (Gennaken, Northern Tehuelche, Pampa).",AR,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,pue,Gününa-Küne; Gennaken; Northern Tehuelche; Pampa; Gününa Yajich; Guenaken; Pehuelche; Puelche +290,Tahaggart Tamahaq,,23.0,6.0,taha1241,thv,,DZ NG LY,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,thv,Tamahaq (Tahaggart); Tamachek; Tamashekin; Tomachek; Tuareg; Touareg; Tourage; Toureg; Tamasheq; Tamahaq; Tahaggart +2902,Jotí,,6.075,-65.6323,yuwa1244,yau,,VE,South America,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,yau,Joti; Hodï; Waruwaru; Hotí; Yuwana; Yoana; Yuana; Chicano; Chikano; Jodi; Hoti; Waruwaru Waruwádu +2905,Guerrero Amuzgo,,16.8333333333,-98.0,guer1243,amu,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Amuzgo languages; INALI has 4 locally recognized ""variantes"" under 1 ""agrupación"".",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amu,Amusgo; Amuzgo; Guerrero; Nomndaa; Azmugo +2906,Kallawaya,,-15.1357,-69.1699,call1235,caw,,BO,South America,Mixed Language,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,caw,Callahuaya; Callawaya; Machaj-Juyai; Pohena +2907,Maxineri,,-10.5742,-70.4882,mach1268,mpd,"For many, this is a dialect of Piro; Ethnologue considers it a separate language.",BR BO,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpd,Manitenere; Mashineri; Machinere; Manchinere; Manchineri; Manitenerí; Manitenére; Maxinéri +2909,Trinitario,,-15.699319,-64.980583,trin1274,trn,"Aikhenvald (1999a: 67) lists Moxo and Ignaciano as alternative names for the same language. Ethnologue lists Mojo as an alternative name for Ignaciano, with Trinitario as a dialect with limited intelligibility, but also lists Trinitario as a separate language with the dialects Loreto [Loretano] and Javierano.)",BO,South America,,,ISO 639-3,trn,Trimitarios; Moxo; Moxos; Mojos +291,Ghadamès,,30.1166,9.5251,ghad1239,gha,,TN LY,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gha, +2910,Ignaciano,,-15.1666666667,-65.4166666667,igna1246,ign,"Crevels (2012:174): The distinction between language and dialect is often more socio-political than linguistic, as in the case of Ignaciano and Trinitario. Aikhenvald (1999a: 67) lists Moxo and Ignaciano as alternative names for the same language; Ethnologue lists Mojo as an alternative name for Ignaciano, with Trinitario as a dialect with limited intelligibility, but also lists Trinitario as a separate language with the dialects Loreto [Loretano] and Javierano.",BO,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ign,Moxo; Mojo; Mojeño +2911,Itene,,-12.0822,-64.9731,iten1243,ite,,BO,South America,Chapacuran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ite,Iteneo; Iténez; Moré; More; Maré; Iten; Guarayo; Itenez +2913,Canichana,,-14.5835,-64.9731,cani1243,caz,Canichana most probably became dormant at the end of the twentieth century.,BO,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,caz,Kanichana; Canesi; Canisiana +2914,Itonama,,-13.6246,-63.5668,iton1250,ito,,BO,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ito,Saramo; Machoto +2915,Leco,,-15.586,-67.9064,leco1242,lec,,BO,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,lec,Leko; Lapalapa; Chuncho Aleniano; Leko; Rik'a; Ateniano +2919,Santiago del Estero Quechua,,-26.7848,-63.6767,sant1432,qus,,AR,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qus,Cuzco; Quichua Santiagueño +2920,Ñandeva,,-22.0652,-54.7558,chir1286,nhd,"There is considerable confusion about different Guaranían languages and varieties, several of which are sometimes called ""Ñandeva (Nhandeva) as at least one of their alternate names. It is sometimes difficult from reports to determine which are the same with varying names and which are different with the same name. +For cases involving overlapping names, Rodrigues and Cabral (2012:498) have among several others in their Guaraní Branch of Tupían: +Kaiwá (Kayowá, Kaiowá, Caiová, Caiguá, Pãi, Pãi-Tavyterã) Brazil, Paraguay + +Nhandéva (Ñandeva, Chiripá) Brazil, Paraguay + +Chiriguano (Ava, Simba) Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay + +Tapiete Bolivia (Argentina) + + Ethnologue has: +Kaiwá [kgk] (Caingua, Caiua, Caiwa, Cayua, Kaiova, Kaiowá, Kayova) + +Ava Guaraní [nhd] (Apytare, Ava, Chiripá, Tsiripá, Txiripá) + +Pai Tavytera [pta] (Ava, Pai, Tavytera) + +Ñandeva [tpj] (Guasurango, Guasurangue, Ñanagua, Nandeva, Tapiete, Tirumbae, Yanaigua) + + For these reasons, the number of speakers given in the different sources for the languages in these lists may not actually refer to the same groups. + Ethnologue calls this language Ava Guaraní [nhd] (Apytare, Ava, Chiripá, Tsiripá, Txiripá); it may include varieties or languages others align not with this language but with other Guaranían languages, e.g.Kaiwá.). + +",BR AR PY,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nhd,Chiripá; Tsiripá; Txiripá; Nhandeva; Chiripa; Nhandéva +2921,Tapiete,,-19.75,-61.6666666667,tapi1253,tpj,"There is considerable confusion about different Guaranían languages and varieties, several of which are sometimes called ""Ñandeva (Nhandeva) as at least one of their alternate names. It is sometimes difficult to determine from reports which are the same with varying names and which are different with the same name. +For cases involving overlapping names, Rodrigues and Cabral (2012:498) have among several others in their Guaraní Branch of Tupían: +Kaiwá (Kayowá, Kaiowá, Caiová, Caiguá, Pãi, Pãi-Tavyterã) Brazil, Paraguay +Nhandéva (Ñandeva, Chiripá) Brazil, Paraguay +Chiriguano (Ava, Simba) Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay +Tapiete Bolivia (Argentina) + +Ethnologue has: +Kaiwá [kgk] (Caingua, Caiua, Caiwa, Cayua, Kaiova, Kaiowá, Kayova) +Ava Guaraní [nhd] (Apytare, Ava, Chiripá, Tsiripá, Txiripá) +Pai Tavytera [pta] (Ava, Pai, Tavytera) +Ñandeva [tpj] (Guasurango, Guasurangue, Ñanagua, Nandeva, Tapiete, Tirumbae, Yanaigua) + +Ethnologue calls this language Ñandeva [tpj] (Guasurango, Guasurangue, Ñanagua, Nandeva, Tapiete, Tirumbae, Yanaigua); it may include varieties or languages others align not with this language but with others). + +Dietrich (2007) considers the Chiriguano group to be composed of various dialects, with Tapiete a separate but very closely related language. Simba, Chané, and Izoceño are subdialects of Ava; the Chané are the modern decendants of Izoceño.",AR BO PY,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tpj,Chiriguano; Ava; Simba; Chané; Izoceño [Isosó; Izozó] +2924,Jamamadí,,-9.0424,-68.3789,jama1261,jaa,"Some other groups are called ""Jamamadí"", which is confusing. +Kaufman (2007:67) has a ""Jamamadí language area"" with 4 ""emergent languages"": Jamamadí, Kanamantí, Jarawara, Banawá. +Crevels (2012:182) distinguishes Jarawara (180 speakers) from Jamamadí (800 speakers). +Dixon (1999:295) has only Madi (Jarawara [Jarauára, Jaruára], Jamamadi, Banawá [Banivá, Baniwá-Jafí,Kitiya, Banavá, Banauá, Jafí]).",BR,South America,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jaa,Yamamadi; Jamamadi; Yamadi; Yamamadí; Kanamanti; Canamanti; Madi +2926,Paumarí,,-5.8947,-64.5996,paum1247,pad,,BR,South America,Arawan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pad,Paumari; Pammarí; Curucuru; Purupurú; Pamarí; Palmarí; Pamari; Kurukuru; Purupuru +293,Awjilah,,26.6278,24.5214,awji1241,auj,,LY,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,auj,Awjila; Aujila; Augila; Aoudjila; Awgila; Awdjila +294,Sawknah,,27.252,17.7539,sawk1238,swn,,LY,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,swn,Sokna; Sawkna +2945,Yaminawa,,-10.6606,-69.6972,yami1256,yaa,"Ethnologue distinguishes Sharanahua [mcd], Yaminahua [yaa], Yawanawa [ywn], and Yora [mts]. These are considered dialects of Yaminawa by Fleck (2013: 4, 12) and others. Campbell (2012:101): Sharnawa is a dialect of Yaminawa; Yaminawa includes the dialects: Sharanawa, Yawanawa, Shanenawa [Katukina de Feijó], Shawanawa [Arara], Mastanawa, Marinawa. +",BR PE BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yaa,Yaminahua; Yawanawa; Morunahua; Jaminawá; Yuminahua; Yamanawa +2949,Poyanawa,,-7.6238,-73.2568,poya1241,pyn,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pyn,Poyanáwa; Poianáua; Puinahua; Poyannawa; Puyanawa +295,Siwi,,29.1905,25.5322,siwi1239,siz,,EG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,siz,Siwi; Siwa; Sioua; Oasis Berber; Zenati +2951,Piratapuyo,,0.8333,-69.5,pira1254,pir,Piratapuyo [pir] is very close to Wanano [gvc] linguistically but ethnically distinct (the two groups do not intermarry). ,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pir,Uaíana; Waíana; Uaicana; Waikino; Uainana; Waikina; Uaiana; Pira-Tapuya; Uaikena; Waikhara; Waina; Uiquina; Wanano-Piratapuyo +2952,Pirahã,,-6.9264,-61.1279,pira1253,myp,"Everett (2008) does not believe in a Muran family; rather, he believes that “Pirahã and the now extinct related dialect, Mura, form a single language isolate, unrelated to any other known language” (Everett 2008: 28), that they are “two very similar dialects of a single language” (2008: 29). Mason (1950: 285) also considered the three Muran ""languages"" as dialects. Ethnologue (2013) also to group Pirahã and Múra together as a single language (for which they give Múra-Pirahã as an alternant name).",BR,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,myp,Pirahán; Piraha; Múra-Pirahã; Mura-Piraha; Pirahá +2953,Pilagá,,-25.4035,-58.6669,pila1245,plg,,AR,South America,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,plg,Pilaga; Pilaca +2954,Piaroa,,4.5435,-66.7089,piar1243,pid," +",CO VE,South America,Saliban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pid,Kuakua; Guagua; Quaqua; Piaroa-Maco; Ature; Adole; Piaroa-Mako; Wothüha; Uhothha; Uwotjüja; Wo'tiheh; Dearwa; Deruwa +2955,Piapoco,,4.0396,-68.0712,piap1246,pio,,CO VE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,pio,Dzaze; Piapoko; Tsae +2956,Playero,,7.0,-71.0,play1240,gob,,CO VE,South America,Guajiboan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gob,Rio Arauca Guahibo; Yamarero; Pepojivi +2957,Pauserna,,-13.694972,-61.431164,paus1244,psm,"Ethnologue lists Pauserna (Guarayu-Ta, Paucerne, Pauserna-Guarasugwé), an extinct language of Bolivia, as an independent branch of Tupí-Guaranían. Pauserna is not distinct in several other classifications. + + Pauserna is the traditional name of Guarasu (or better Guarasu nhe'e, language of the Guarasu), an independent Tupi-Guarani language ... It has been said since the 1960's to be extinct ... but Swintha Danielsen (2015) found rememberers and semispeakers.",BO,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,psm,Guarasu; Paucerne; Guarayu-Ta; Pauserna-Guarasugwé; Guarasugwe +2959,Parakanã,,-5.2441,-52.7014,para1312,pak,"The names and classification is somewhat confused. Asuriní do Tocantins, Parakanã, and Akwawa are now considered dialects of a single language, but sometimes are distinguished as separate languages. Ethnologue distinguishes Parakanã [pak] and Asurini, Tocantins [asu] as distinct members of the ""Akwáwa subgroup"".",BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pak,Parakanân; Parocana; Awaeté; Paracana; Paracanã; Apiteréwa; Akwawa; Akuawa; Parakaná; Asurí; Mudjetire; Suru do Tocantins +2960,Panare,,6.5445,-66.4233,enap1235,pbh,,VE,South America,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbh,Eñepa; E'ñepa; Panari; Abira; Eye; E'ñapa Woromaipu +2961,Kreen-Akarore,,-9.449,-54.5965,pana1307,kre,,BR,South America,Jean,endangered,ISO 639-3,kre,Kren Akarore; Panará; Ipewí; Kren-Akarore; Creen-Acarore +2962,Palikur,,3.908,-51.9873,pali1279,plu,,BR GF,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,plu,Palicur; Palikúr; Palikr; Palijur; Palikour; Paikwene; Palincur; Paricores; Paricuria; Parikurene; Parinkur-lene +2963,Kaiwá,,-23.0,-55.0,kaiw1246,,"There is considerable confusion about different Guaranían languages and varieties, several of which are sometimes called ""Ñandeva (Nhandeva) as at least one of their alternate names. It is sometimes difficult from reports to determine which are the same with varying names and which are different with the same name. +For cases involving overlapping names, Rodrigues and Cabral (2012:498) have among several others in their Guaraní Branch of Tupían: +Kaiwá (Kayowá, Kaiowá, Caiová, Caiguá, Pãi, Pãi-Tavyterã) Brazil, Paraguay +Nhandéva (Ñandeva, Chiripá) Brazil, Paraguay +Chiriguano (Ava, Simba) Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay +Tapiete Bolivia (Argentina) + Ethnologue has: +Kaiwá [kgk] (Caingua, Caiua, Caiwa, Cayua, Kaiova, Kaiowá, Kayova) +Ava Guaraní [nhd] (Apytare, Ava, Chiripá, Tsiripá, Txiripá) +Pai Tavytera [pta] (Ava, Pai, Tavytera) +Ñandeva [tpj] (Guasurango, Guasurangue, Ñanagua, Nandeva, Tapiete, Tirumbae, Yanaigua) + Ethnologue distinguishes Kaiwá [kgk] and Pai Tavytera [pta], which here are treated as variants of the same language. + +",BR AR,South America,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgk; pta,Kaiwá; Caiwa; Caingua; Kaingwá; Cayua; Caiua; Kayova; Kaiowa; Kaiova; Chiripá; Nhandeva; Txiripá; Tsiripá; Ñandeva; Apytare; Kaiwá/Kayová; Kayowá; Kaiowá; Caiová; Caiguá; Pãi; Pãi-Tavyterã +2964,Paez,,2.8237,-76.3117,paez1247,pbb,"The autonym is Nasa Yuwe (nasa 'language'), which is being used more frequently. + + There is no consensus on the classification of Paez. Customarily it has been placed in Paezan language family with Paniquitá (Colombia, a dialect of Paez?) and extinct Panzaleo (Latacunga, Quito) (Ecuador). However, the very scarce data on Panzaleo are not sufficient to support classifying it with Paez (Adelaar and Muysken 2004:619). Today most consider Paez a language isolate. +",CO,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbb,Páez; Nasa Yuwe; Pez; Paes; Páes +2965,Ute,,37.6818,-113.088,utes1238,ute,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain within Southern Numic that extends from central Colorado westward across Utah and southern Nevada to the eastern Mojave Desert in California. There are three major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. Ute (Colorado and central Utah), Southern Paiute (southern Utah, Arizona, and Nevada), and Chemehuevi (southern California).",US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ute,Ute-Southern Paiute; Pai Ute; Paviotso; South Paiute; Southern Paiute; Chemehuevi; Ute-Chemehuevi +2968,Nukak,,2.5,-71.5,nuka1242,mbr,"Kakua and Nukak languages are related to each other, but not obviously to other languages. Formerly they were liked with the Nadehup (Nadahup, Makúan) languages, and all of these together sometimes joined with Puinave, called the Makú-Puinave family or Puinavean. Today, any relationship with Puinave remains undemonstrated, and evidence for linking Nedehup and Kakua-Nukak remains inconclusive (see Epps and Salanov 2013:16).",CO,South America,Kakua-Nukak,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbr,Nukak Makú; Maczsa; Guaviare +2969,Nonuya,,-0.156347,-71.782031,nonu1241,noj,,PE CO,South America,Witotoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,noj,Nononota +2970,Nomatsiguenga,,-11.3292,-74.3664,noma1263,not,There is some confusion in the sources regarding the names Machiguenga and Nomatsiguenga and the languages or varieties to which they refer.,PE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,not,Nomatsiguenga Campa; Machinguenga; Nomatsigenga; Nomachiguenga: Atiri; Campa +2971,Nheengatú,,1.2303,-66.8408,nhen1239,yrl,,BR CO VE,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrl,Ñeengatú; Nhengatu; Yeral; Geral; Língua Geral; Nyengatú; Nyengato; Ñeegatú; Waengatu; Língua Jeral; Jeral; Língua Geral Amazônica; Nheengatú; Tapïhïya +2972,Nanti,,-11.6629,-72.6965,nant1250,cox,The alternative name Cogapacori (Kogapakori) is considered pejorative.,PE,South America,Arawakan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cox,Cogapacori; Kogapakori +2974,Oji-Cree,,53.8141,-94.8977,seve1240,ojs,"Severn Ojibwe is a well defined regional dialect within the Ojibwe dialect complex, spoken in northwestern Ontario in communities on Severn River, Winisk River, and Sandy Lake. + +""Oji-Cree"" is the name speakers prefer, but it is often called ""Severn Ojibwe"" in scholarly writings.",CA,North America,Algic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ojs,Severn Ojibwe; Severn Ojibwa; Ojicree; Anishininiimowin +2975,Nambikwara,,-13.0,-59.0,sout2994,nab,Cf. Southern Nambikuaran: languages or dialects.,BR,South America,Nambikwaran,endangered,ISO 639-3,nab,Nambiquara; Southern Nambikwara +2980,Munichi,,-5.8182,-76.1846,muni1258,myr,,PE,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,myr,Muniche; Paranapura; Otonabe; Otanave; Munichino +2981,Mundurukú,,-8.1027,-57.3486,mund1330,myu,,BR,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,myu,Mundurucu; Monjoroku; Weidyenye; Paiquize; Pari; Caras-Pretas; Mundurucú +2982,Nipode,,-2.41666666667,-71.0,nupo1240,hux,"There is confusion in the literature about whether Nipode and Muinane are the same, and whether Nipode is a dialect of Witoto or a separate language. + ""El término “Muinane” es ambiguo. Por una parte, es una palabra de la lengua uitoto que significa “gente de abajo”. Con esa palabra fue designado, en tiempos de la cauchería, un grupo hablante de una lengua de la familia lingüística Bora, cuya auto-designación es Feenemɨna (“Gente del centro”). + En un segundo sentido, ha sido empleado por Eugene y Dorothy Minor (Diccionario Huitoto Muinane, SIL, 1971) para nombrar el dialecto Nɨpode del uitoto, del río Ampiyacu (Perú). Sin embargo, hoy en día nadie utiliza la palabra “muinane” para referirse a ese dialecto. + En algunos textos se trató de introducir la expresión “Murui-Muinane” como una mejor auto-designación, en lugar de “Huitoto” o sus variantes, sin embargo en la actualidad son los hablantes del dialecto Bue quienes se refieren a si mismos como “Murui” y el término “Muinane” se refiere a los hablantes de la lengua Muinane-Bora. + La mayoría de hablantes de Nɨpode (o “Huitoto Muinane”) viven también en el Medio Caquetá, aguas arriba de Araracuara. No tengo una cifra exacta del numero de hablantes, pero puede ser del orden de 500-1000 personas. El dialecto Nɨpode es una variación de la lengua conocida como Huitoto (o Witoto, Uitoto). (Juan Alvaro Echeverri Restrepo, personal communication, 2014.) + + [The term ""Muinane"" is ambiguous. On the one hand, it is a word of the Witoto language meaning ""people below"". By this word, in times of the rubber trade, speakers of a language of the Boran family were designated, whose self-designation is Feenemɨna (""People of the center""). + In a second sense, the term was employed by Eugene and Dorothy Minor (Huitoto Dictionary Muinane, SIL, 1971) to name the Nɨpode dialect of Witoto, of the Ampiyacu River (Peru). However, nowadays nobody uses the word ""muinane"" to refer to that dialect. + Some texts tried to introduce the term ""Murui-Muinane"" as a better self-designation, instead of ""Huitoto"" or its variants; however, currently it is the speakers of the Bue dialect who refer to themselves as ""Murui"", and the term “Muinane” refers to speakers of the Muinane-Bora language. + Most speakers of Nɨpode (or ""Huitoto Muinane"") also live on the Middle Caquetá, upstream from Araracuara ... the number of speakers ... may be of the order of 500-1000 people. The Nɨpode dialect is a variant of the language known as Huitoto (or Witoto, Uitoto).] + +",BR PE CO,South America,Witotoan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,hux,Huitoto Muinane; Nïpode; Nüpode Huitoto; Huitoto Nipode; Witoto-Kaimo; Nüpode; Nipode Witoto; Muinane Huitoto +2984,Muinane,,-1.0,-72.5,muin1242,bmr,"El término “Muinane” es ambiguo. Por una parte, es una palabra de la lengua uitoto que significa “gente de abajo”. Con esa palabra fue designado, en tiempos de la cauchería, un grupo hablante de una lengua de la familia lingüística Bora, cuya auto-designación es Feenemɨna (“Gente del centro”). En un segundo sentido, ha sido empleado por Eugene y Dorothy Minor (Diccionario Huitoto Muinane, SIL, 1971) para nombrar el dialecto Nɨpode del uitoto, del río Ampiyacu (Perú). Sin embargo, hoy en día nadie utiliza la palabra “muinane” para referirse a ese dialecto. + +En algunos textos se trató de introducir la expresión “Murui-Muinane” como una mejor auto-designación, en lugar de “Huitoto” o sus variantes, sin embargo en la actualidad son los hablantes del dialecto Bue quienes se refieren a si mismos como “Murui” y el término “Muinane” se refiere a los hablantes de la lengua Muinane-Bora. (Juan Alvaro Echeverri Restrepo, personal communication, 2014.) + +[The term ""Muinane"" is ambiguous. On the one hand, it is a word of the Witoto language meaning ""people below"". By this word, in times of the rubber trade, speakers of a language of the Boran family were designated, whose self-designation is Feenemɨna (""People of the center""). In a second sense, the term was employed by Eugene and Dorothy Minor (Huitoto Dictionary Muinane, SIL, 1971) to name the Nɨpode dialect of Witoto, of the Ampiyacu River (Peru). However, nowadays nobody uses the word ""muinane"" to refer to that dialect. + +Some texts tried to introduce the term ""Murui-Muinane"" as a better self-designation, instead of ""Huitoto"" or its variants; however, currenlty it is the speakers of the Bue dialect who refer to themselves as ""Murui"", and the term “Muinane” refers to speakers of the Muinane-Bora language.] +",CO,South America,Boran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bmr,Muinana; Muinani; Muename; Muinane Bora; Bora-Muinane; Feenemɨna +2985,Mok,,18.91,99.58,mokk1243,mqt,"Mok and Man Met [mml] are closely related, but they are not the same language.",CN MM TH LA,Southeast Asia; East Asia,,,ISO 639-3,mqt,Amok; Hsen-Hsum; Yā-āng Lawa; i-Mok; Angku; Āng-kú; Tai Loi +2988,Mekéns,,-12.967,-61.2652,saki1248,skf,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,skf,Sakirabiát; Sakirabiá; Sakirabiáp; Sakiriabar; Sakirabiák; Sakirap; Amniapa; Sakurabiat; Mekens; Mekém; Mequens; Mekem; Mequem Amniapé; Waratégaya; Amiapé +2990,Western Yiddish,,52.0,23.0,west2361,yih,,DE IL BE FR NL CH HU,Europe; Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,yih,Yiddish; Yiddish; Western; Central Yiddish; Yidish; Judeo-German +2991,Walloon,,50.4575,4.8559,wall1255,wln,,BE FR LU,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,wln,Walon; Wallon +2992,Mbyá,,-26.5099,-55.2832,mbya1239,gun,,BR AR PY UY,South America,Tupian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gun,Mbua; Mbiá; Bugre; Mbyá Guaraní; Mbü'a Guaraní; Guaraní language area +2993,Votic,,59.5858,28.4518,voti1245,vot,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vot,Vod; Vot; водский язык; vaďďaa tšeeli; maa tšeeli; vađđa; vadjdjaa; maaceeli; Wotisch; vad'd'alaizet; vod'; čudy; Vodian; Votish; Votisch; vodskij jazyk; vadjan keel; vatjan kieli; Vote; Votian +2994,Penrhyn,,-8.991,-157.974,penr1237,pnh,,CK,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pnh,Tongareva; Mangarongaro; Penrhynese +2996,Itza',,17.03,-89.87,itza1241,itz,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itz,Itz; Itzá; Itzaj; Petén Itzá Maya; Yucatec Maya; Icaiche Maya; Maya +2997,Maxakalí,,-16.5519,-40.3417,maxa1247,mbl,,BR,South America,Maxakalian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbl,Caposho; Cumanasho; Macuni; Monaxo; Monocho +2998,Võro,,57.8096,27.29,sout2679,vro,"North and South Estonian are genetically deeply different from each other (one could claim that they are farther away from each other than North/Standard Estonian and Finnish). As the modern Estonian ethno-national identity came into being in the 19th century, the Northern variety began to be used as the standard written language of the emerging modern nation, and the Southern literary traditions which had existed until then fell out of use, while the Southern varieties came to be perceived as ""dialects of Estonian"". New activism in the written use of the Southern varieties arose in the 1980s, and new written standards for Võru (Võro is the traditional Southern form) and Setu (Seto) were developed. Originally the idea was to create a common Võro-Seto written standard, but the speakers themselves often objected. Although the differences between Võru and Setu are minimal (details of pronunciation such as the more ""Russian-type"" palatalization in Seto, stronger Russian influences in the Seto lexicon, the inessive case ending (*hnA >) Seto -h vs. Võro -n, etc.), the identities of the speakers are clearly different. Võru speakers regard themselves as Estonians, Setu speakers today often have a dual identity (Setu AND Estonian); until 1917, the Setu belonged to Russia, to the Russian cultural area and the Orthodox church, and culturally, they see themselves as a clearly distinct group. Today, Võru and Setu are used in writing to some extent but there are debates around the orthographies, and the general opinion among the speakers seems to be that they are two different languages.",EE,Europe,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,vro,Dialekt von Võru; Võro kiil; Werro; Voro; Võru; Voru; Vôru +3001,Oroha,,-9.7686,161.51,oroh1237,ora,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ora,Mara Ma-Siki; Oraha; Südliche Salomons-Inseln +3002,Veps,,60.3269,34.8046,veps1250,vep,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,vep,Vepsian; vepsä; вепсский язык; lüüd; vesj; chudj; Wepsisch; vepse; lüd; vepsy; Vepsä; Vepsisch; l΄üd'ikel΄; vepsskij jazyk; Chudy; Chuhari; Chukhari; vepsän kel’ +3003,Tanimbili,,-11.2935,166.5211,tani1255,tbe,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tbe,Nyisunggu +3004,Urum,,47.1166666667,37.55,urum1249,uum,,RU GE UA GR,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,endangered,ISO 639-3,uum,урумский язык; урум тыль; Urumca; Urum Türkçesi; урумська мова +3006,Mashco Piro,,-12.0822,-69.7412,mash1270,cuj,"Crevels (2012) lists Mashco (Mashco-Piro) as an unclassified language spoken by an uncontacted group who reportedly speak a language related to Piro (Arawakan). Aikhevald (1999a:68) gives Mashko-Piro as a separate language in her Piro-Apuriná group of South-Western Arawak[an], but indicates it may be a dialect of Iñapari.",PE,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cuj,Mashco; Mashco Piro +3007,Ume Saami,,65.1091,18.2153,umes1235,sju,,SE,Europe,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sju,"Southern Saami; Ume Sami; Umesamiska; Umesamisk; Uumajansaame; уме-саамский язык; Ubmejensámien giella; ""Ume Lapp""" +3008,Marubo,,-6.0968,-70.2246,maru1252,mzr,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mzr,Marobo; Marúbo; Maruba; Marova; Kaniuá; Katukína; Marubo of the Javari Basin +3009,Ulch,,52.0457,140.4162,ulch1241,ulc,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ulc,Olcha; Ulcha; ульчский язык; Ulchi; Ulych; Olch; Olchis; Hoche; Hol-Chih; Olča; Нани +301,Tchumbuli,,8.43449,2.55627,tchu1241,bqa,,BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bqa,Basa; Tshummbuli; Chombulon; Tchombolo +3010,Udmurt,,56.625346,52.13489,udmu1245,udm,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,udm,Votyak; удмурт кыл; удмуртский язык; вотяцкий язык; udmurt kyl; Ud-murt; Wotjakisch; Votiak; Udmurty; Votiak; Votjakisch; Udmurtskij Jazyk; Wotiaki +3011,Udi,,41.8905,45.913,udii1243,udi,,RU AZ GE,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,endangered,ISO 639-3,udi,удин муз; удинский язык; უდიური ენა; udin muz; Udi dili; Uti; Udin +3012,Mapoyo,,6.0,-67.0,mapo1246,mcg,"Ethnologue (2016) lists 4 languages in its Mapoyo-Yavarana subgroup of Cariban: Mapoyo [mcg] , Pémono [pev], Tamanaku [tmz], Yabarana [yar]. Other sources differ by considering some of these to be dialects of a single Mapoyo-Yawarana language. +Gildea (personal communication 2014) reports that until we get some more reliable data, it appears that there are/were 3 languages: †Tamanaku, Mapoyo (ethnonym Wanai, dialect †Pémono), and Yawarana (with alternate names Orechicano, Curachicano, Woquiare). (See also Gildea 2013.) Tamanaku is long extinct, with no attested speakers for at least a century, and therefore does not have an entry of its only in this Catalogue. Mapoyo and Yawarana are often considered separate languages, each with its own entry in this Catalogue. However, there were just some old wordlists for Yawarana and almost nothing for Mapoyo. Marie-Claude Mattéi Muller went to the Mapoyo area in the 1970s and collected some data, from which she extracted a Mapoyo wordlist (Mattéi Muller1977a, 1977b). Mattéi-Muller and Henley (1990) published Mattéi-Muller’s comparative wordlists, comparing her Mapoyo data to the published Yawarana words; they found 80% cognacy between the two and suggested maybe they were dialects of a single language. In 1998, Mattéi-Muller did fieldwork with the Yawarana, where she played a 1970s tape of Mapoyo speakers, and the Yawarana speakers (i) had difficulty understanding, but recognized Mapoyo as very closely related, and (ii) recognized the manner of speech as that of an old woman living in an isolated village far upstream. She went to this old speaker, who turned out to be the last speaker of Pémono, which seems to have been a dialect of Mapoyo (Mattéi Muller 2003). + +",VE,South America,Cariban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mcg,Mapoyo-Yavarana; Mapoyo; Mapayo; Mapoye; Mopoi; Nepoye; Wanai +3013,Chorote,,-24.287,-60.3808,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Chorote languages: Chorote, Iyojwa’ja [crt], and Chorote, Iyo’wujwa [crq]. Others have only one; the dialects differ but are mutually intelligible.",AR PY,South America,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,crq; crt,Choroti; Chorotí; Manjuy; Manjui +3014,Mandahuaca,,1.428,-66.9287,mand1448,mht,,BR VE,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mht,Mitua; Mandauaca; Mandawaka; Ihini; Arihini; Maldavaca; Cunipusana; Yavita; Mandawáka; Mitua +3015,Makushi,,3.6888,-59.4799,macu1259,mbc,,BR VE GY,South America,Cariban,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbc,Makushí; Macuxi; Teweya; Teueia; Macushi; Macusi; Makuxí; Macuxí; Makuxi; Macussi; Makusi +3016,Makurap,,-12.1682,-63.0285,maku1278,mpu,,BR,South America,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mpu,Makuráp; Makurápi; Macuráp; Macurapi; Massaka; Kurateg; Makurape; Macurap; Macurape +3017,Macuna,,-0.2636,-70.2026,macu1260,myy,,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,myy,Erulia; Yeba; Buhagana; Makuna; Roea; Emoa; Ide; Suroa; Tabotiro Jejea; Umua; Wuhána; Paneroa; Jepa-Matsi; Yepá-Mahsá; Yebamasã; Yehpá Majsá; Baigana; Wahana; Makuna-Erulia; Buhágana; Yepá Maxsã +3018,Mako,,4.232227,-66.403103,maco1239,wpc,"Not to be confused with the language isolate Maco (Maku, Makú) nor with languages of the Makúan family.",VE,South America,Saliban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wpc,Maku; Macu; Maco; Itoto; Wotuja; Jojod; Piaroa-Maco; Kuakua; Guagua; Quaqua; Ature; Adole; Piaroa-Mako; Piaroa; Wothüha +3019,Maha,,10.934661,11.682242,maak1236,mew,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mew,Maaka; Maka; Maga; Magha +302,Yangkam,,9.1048,9.8904,yang1290,bsx,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bsx,Yankam; Basharawa; Bashiri; Bashar +3020,Maká,,-25.2122222,-57.5330556,maca1260,mca,,PY,South America,Matacoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mca,Macca; Towothli; Enimaga; Maca; Towolhi; Maka; Mak'á; Enimaca; Nynaka; Toothle; Macá +3021,Udege,,47.6209,136.0903,udih1248,ude,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ude,Udihe; Udeghe; удэгейский язык; удэйский язык; Удиэ; Udekhe; Udegeis; Udehe; Sprache der Udehe; Udeheische +3022,Machiguenga,,-11.8888,-72.9052,mach1267,mcb,There is some confusion in the sources regarding the names Machiguenga (Matsiguenga) and Nomatsiguenga and the languages or varieties to which they refer.,PE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcb,Machaguenga; Amachengue; Macheyenga; Matsiguenga; Matsiganga; Matsigenka; Mañaries; Matsigenga +3024,Tundra Yukagir,,69.0,155.0,nort2745,ykg,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Yukaghir,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ykg,Northern Yukagir; Vadul Yukaghir; cеверноюкагирский язык; вадульский юкагирский язык; pohjoisjukagiirin kieli; Вадун аруу +3025,Macaguán,,6.5,-71.3333333333,maca1259,mbn,,CO,South America,Guajiboan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbn,Macaguane; Agualinda Guahibo; Hitnü; Jitnu +3029,Tundra Enets,,71.6973,83.5839,tund1254,enh,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,enh,Somatu Enets; Madu; тундровый энецкий; сомату; Yenisei Samoyed; онаь базаан; ona' bazaan; enetj; enets; Yenisey; Jenissei-Dialekt; Jenisei; Enets; Jenisej-Samojedisch; Enzisch; Yenisey Samoyedic; iénisséi; enete; èncy; Yensisei-Samoyed; Yenisei Samoyedic; Yenisei Somoyed; Enec; Yenets; Yenisey-Samoyedic; Eńeć; Samojedi; Samojedimanzela; enyec nyelv; enetsin kieli +303,Mvanip,,6.7027,11.2225,mvan1238,mcj,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcj,Mvanöp; Mvanon; Mvanlip; Mvano; Magu +3032,Arára of Mato Grosso,,-9.777,-59.398,mato1253,axg,,BR,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,axg,Arara do Beiradão; Arara do Aripuanã; Arara; Arara do Beiradão; Arara do Rio Branco +3033,Kwaza,,-12.651,-60.4138,kwaz1243,xwa,,BR,South America,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xwa,Koiyá; Koaiá; Quaiá; Arara +3034,Tsakhur,,41.6523,46.9775,tsak1249,tkr,,RU AZ,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tkr,Tsaxur; Caxur; цахурский язык; Saxur dili; წახური ენა; цӀаӀхна миз; cʼäxna miz; Sakhur; Tsakhury; Tsakhar +3038,Oroch,,49.1781,139.7625,oroc1248,oac,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oac,Orochi; орочский язык; Sprache der Oročonen; Oroć +3039,Tindi,,42.466,46.1453,tind1238,tin,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tin,Tindal; Tindin; тиндийский язык; тиндальский язык; идеринский язык; идаринский язык; идараб мицци; Idarab mittsi +304,Ndunda,,6.9482,10.9698,ndun1251,nuh,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,nuh, +3040,Sm̓algya̱x ( Coast Tsimshian),,52.5,-129.0,nucl1649,tsi,Some consider this a dialect of Tsimshian and consider Tsimshian a single language.,US CA,North America,Tsimshian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tsi,Sm'algyax; Tsimshian; Coast Tsimshian; Chimmezyan; Zimshian; Coast Tsimshian; Sm'algyax; Tsimshean; Tsimpshean; Ts'emsia'n; Maritime; Lower Tsimshianic +3041,Muslim Tat,,41.25,48.75,musl1236,ttt,,RU AZ IR,Caucasus; Europe; Near East; East Asia,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ttt,Tati; татский язык; თათური ენა; Թաթերեն; zuhun tati; зуун тати; Mussulman Tati; Tat +3042,Svan,,43.0207,42.3193,svan1243,sva,It is important to note that South Caucasian is not genetically related in any demonstrable way to other language families of the Caucasus.,GE,Caucasus,South Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sva,lušnu nin; სვანური ენა; ლუშნუ ნინ; svanuri ena; сванский язык; лушну нин +3043,Orok,,50.844,142.9,orok1265,oaa,Uilta or Ulta is the self-designation whereas Orok is an exonym.,RU JP,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oaa,Ulta; Ujlta; орокский язык; ульта; уйльта; Uilta; Sprache der Oroken +3044,Southern Altai,,51.069,86.5942,sout2694,alt,"The Altay language is divided into two large groups: the southern group consists of the languages of the Altay, Teleuts and Telengits, the northern group of the Kumandin and Chelkan languages. The northern dialects of Altay belong to the eastern branch of the Uighur-Oguz group, the southern dialects to the Kirgiz-Kipchak group. The linguistic differences between the northern and the southern dialectal groups are so big that they seriously hamper mutual comprehension. The northern dialects of Altay are close to the Kondoma dialect of the Shor language. (The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire)",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,alt,Altai Kalmuck; Oirot; южноалтайский язык; алтай тили; Oyrot; Altai +3046,Rutul,,41.5332,47.3181,rutu1240,rut,,RU AZ,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rut,Rutuly; Mukhad; Mykhanidy; мыхӀабишды чӀел; myxʼabišdy čʼel; рутульский язык; რუთულური ენა; მუხუდური ენა; Chal; Rutal; Rutultsy +3047,Skolt Saami,,69.5333,28.6269,skol1241,sms,,RU NO FI,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sms,Koltta; Eastern Saami; Kola Saami; Koltansaame; колтта-саамский язык; sääʹmǩiõll; nuõrttsääʹmǩiõll; Skoltesamisk; Skoltesamiska +3048,Shor,,53.0544,87.7478,shor1247,cjs,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cjs,Kuznets Tatar; Kondoma Tatar; Mras-Su Tatar; шорский язык; Шор тили; šor tili; Тадар тили; tadar tili; Schoren; Minusinsk-Tataren; Şorca; Şor Türkçesi +3049,Scottish Gaelic,,58.1011,-6.7675,scot1245,gla,,GB,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gla,Gaelic; Scottish; Gaelic (Scots); Scottish Gaelic; Scotch-Gaelic; Gàidhlig; Gaelic; Scots Gaelic; Albannach Gaidhlig; Erse; Gadhelisch +305,Defaka,,4.58333333333,7.5,defa1248,afn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,afn,Afakani +3051,Tabasaran,,41.8333333333,47.9166666667,taba1259,tab,,RU AZ,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tab,Tabassaran; табасаранский язык; თაბასარანული ენა; Թաբասարաներեն; табасаран чIал; tabasaran č’al; Tabasaran dili; Tabasarantsy; Ghumghum +3052,Saterfriesisch,,53.1059,7.6787,sate1242,stq,,DE,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,stq,East Frisian; Saterfriesiesch; Saterländisch; Saterlandic Frisian; Frisian +3053,Port Sandwich,,-16.447254,167.804502,port1285,psw,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,psw,Lamap +3054,Ngatik Men's Creole,,5.787374,157.155433,ngat1248,ngm,"Not to be confused with Ngatikese, a variety of Pohnpeian which has a strong cultural identity of being distinct from Pohnpeian, and which is spoken by everyone on Sapwuahfik atoll as their first language. ",FM,Pacific,Pidgin or Creole,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ngm,"Ngatik Men's Language; ""Ngatikese""; Micronesian Pidgin" +3055,Nemi,,-20.6494,164.6878,nemi1240,nem,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nem,Neukaledonien +3056,Neku,,-21.5169,165.4568,neku1237,nek,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nek,Neukaledonien +3065,Navwien,,-16.485019,167.576411,navw1234,,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hx, +3066,Nauruan,,-0.5,166.916666667,naur1243,nau,,NR,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nau,Nauru +3067,Sakizaya,,24.0088,121.5898,nata1254,ais,The so-called Northern Amis is a cover term for Nataoran Amis and Sakizaya. Scholars have different opinions regarding the status of Sakizaya. Some people consider it a dialect of Northern Amis whereas some scholars propose that Sakizaya should be regarded as an independent language. This language entry may contain both information on Sakizaya as a dialect and as an independent language.,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ais,Northern Amis; Nataoran; Natawran; Tauran; Sprache von Formosa; Nataoran Amis; 南勢阿美語; 撒奇萊雅語; 北部阿美語 +3068,Nasarian,,-16.310401,167.459073,nasa1240,nvh,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nvh,Mallicolo +3069,Bocotá,,8.5,-81.25,bugl1243,sab,,PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sab,Buglere; Bokota; Bogota; Bofota; Bobota; Bocota; Bukueta; Nortenyo; Murire; Veraguas Sabanero; Bokotá; Bogotá; Sabanero; Boncota; Muoy +3070,Cabécar,,9.75,-83.4166666667,cabe1245,cjp,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cjp,Kabékar; Cabecar; Tucurrique; Chiripo; Chirripó; Estrella +308,Dulbu,,9.985,10.0579,dulb1238,dbo,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dbo, +3085,Kuruaya,,-5.0033,-53.9208,kuru1309,kyr,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,kyr,Kuruáya; Caravare; Curuaia; Kuruaia +3086,Krenak,,-19.1937,-41.1527,kren1239,kqq,,BR,South America,Krenakan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kqq,Botocudo; Aimoré; Nakrehé; Nakpié; Naknyanúk; Etwet; Minyãyirún; Yiporók; Pojitxá; Potén; Krekmún; Bakuén; Aranã; Batachoa; Crenaque +3087,Krahô,,-7.711,-47.316,krah1246,xra,"Timbíra (Canela [Kanela], Krenjé, Krahó, Pykobyê). Ethnologue has Krinkati-Timbira (with dialects Krinkati [Karakati] and Timbira). It gives Canela as a separate language, with dialects: +Apanjekra (Apanhecra, Apaniekra), Ramkokamekra. It also lists as separate Gavião of Pará (Parakatêjê, Pukobjê), said to be related to Krikati-Timbira, Canela, Krahô; it also has Krahô and Kreye (Krem-Ye, Crenge, Crange, Creye, Crenye, Taze, Tage) as distinct languages.",BR,South America,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,xra, +3090,Korubo,,-5.8346,-70.9277,koru1247,xor,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xor,Caceteiros; Chankuëshbo +3091,Coreguaje,,1.0,-75.5,kore1283,coe,,CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,coe,Corehuaje; Correguaje; Correguaje-Tama; Koreguaje; Ko'reuaju; Caquetá; Chaocha Pai; Korewahe +3092,Zay,,8.0728,38.8476,zayy1238,zwa,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,zwa,Zway; Lak'i; Laqi; Gelilla; Zoay +3093,Kumzari,,26.16045,56.418,kumz1235,zum,,OM,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zum,Kumzāri; Komzāri; Komzari; Kamzáree; شاریَْکُ; شاريَْکُ +3094,Zeem,,10.15,9.266667,zeem1242,zua,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,zua, +3097,Cogui,,10.8548,-74.0258,cogu1240,kog,,CO,South America,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kog,Kogui; Coghui; Kogi; Coqui; Cágaba; Kagaba; Kaggaba; Káugian; Köggaba +3098,Mebengokre,,-6.5569,-52.4707,kaya1330,txu,Known also as Kayapó or Xikrin.,BR,South America,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,txu,Kayapó; Cayapo; Kokraimoro; Cayapó; Gorotire; Southern Cayapo; Mebêngokrê; Xikrin; Put Karot +3099,Katxúyana,,2.043,-55.4589,kaxu1237,kbb,"""One dialect ... is spoken by people under 50 in multiple villages of the Parque do Tumucumaque, plus in at least two villages in their traditional homelands along an easterly tributary of the Trombetas named the Rio Cachorro (in Katxuyana, the /Katxuru/ River, hence the name Katxuu-yana 'people of the Katxuru'). The other is spoken by the elders (over 50) in these same villages, and by speakers of all ages in the two villages along the Nhamundá River ... self-identified speakers of Xikuyana and Katxuyana have both told me that there are differences between them: some members of the subordinate group, the Xikuyana, insist that their language is not mutually intelligible with Katxuyana, whereas the dominant group, the Katxuyana, describe Xikuyana was ""the same Katxuyana, just pronounced a little more smoothly"". In my own work with both groups, I was unable to identify any differences at all between the two, so although each labels a clear social construct, I do not consider them to be major dialects."" (Spike Gildea, personal communication, October, 2014.)",BR,South America,Cariban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kbb,Kashuyana-Warikyana; Kaxuiana; Kaxuiâna; Kashuyana; Kashujana; Kachuana; Kaxuyâna; Kahyana; Kaxúyana; Katxúyana; Warikiana; Warikyana; Werikyana; Ingarïnyana; Ingarüna; Xikuyana; Txikuyana; Xikïyana; Txikïyana; Pauxi +3100,Kaxararí,,-9.5682,-66.1596,kaxa1239,ktx,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ktx,Cacharari; Kashararí; Kaxariri; Kaxarari +3101,Kawésqar,,-49.6391,-74.3554,qawa1238,alc,,CL,South America,Kawesqaran (Alacalufan),critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,alc; qawa1238,Kawesqar; Kaweskar; Qawasqar; Kawashkar; Qawashqar; Halakwalup; Pecheré; Southern Alacaluf +3102,Katukina do Acre,,-6.4899,-69.2578,pano1254,knt,,BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,knt,Katukina; Katukína; Panoan; Catuquina; Kamanawa; Kamannaua; Katukina do Juruá; Wanninawa +3103,Katawixi,,-8.8416,-66.0937,kata1270,xat,,BR,South America,Harakmbut-Katukinan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xat,Catauisi; Catauichí; Catawixi; Catauixi; Catawishi; Catauichi; Hewadie; Katawishi; Katawishí; Katawishi; Quatausi +3106,Karitiana,,-9.7307,-64.0942,kari1311,ktn,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktn,Karitiâna; Caritiana; Karitiána +3107,Karipuna,,-10.0,-65.0,kari1317,kuq,,BR,South America,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kuq,Karipúna do Guaporé; Caripuna; Jau-Navo; Juanauo; Karipuná de Rondônia; Kagwahiva; Karipuna; Karipuna do Guapore; Parintintín/Tenharim/Juma; Kawahib/Paranawat/Pawaté-Wirafed; Tukumanfed; Diahoi [Jiahui; Djahui; Diarroi]; Ah'e; Kagwahiva; Kari +3110,Antakirinya,,-27.05245189,134.4007513,anta1253,ant,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ant,Kadjilaranda; Madutara; Mbenderinga; Ngonde; Njuntundjara; Tangara; Untergerrie; Walarangunja; Walarenunga; Yandairunga; Aldolinga; Aluna; Andagarinja; Andagarinya; Andagirinja; Andegilliga; Andekarinja; Andgari; Andigari; Andigarina; Andigarinya; Andigiri; Andigirinji; Andingiri; Andjirigna; Andjiringna; Andrgrinji; Anjirigna; Antakarinja; Antakerinya; Antakirinja; Antegarinya; Antekarinja; Anterrikanya; Antigari; Antigerinya; Antikarinya; Antikirinya; Antin-gari; Antakerrinya; Unterrgerrie; Anderkerinja; Antakarinya +3111,Carapana,,0.9337,-70.8178,cara1272,cbc,,BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbc,Carapano; Mochda; Moxdoa; Karapaná; Karapano; Carapana-Tapuya; Carapanã; Mextã; Karapana; Miranya Carapana Tapuya; Mi tea; Mochda; Moxdoa; Muxtea +3113,Kapixaná,,-10.79,-65.332,kano1245,kxo,,BR,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kxo,Capixana; Kanoé; Kapishaná; Kapixaná/Kanoé +3114,Tejalapan Zapotec,,17.1099,-96.8539,teja1235,ztt,"Ethnologue lists 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. For most linguists the number is much lower, between 4 and 10.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,ztt,Zapoteco de San Felipe Tejalapan; Zapoteco de Tejalápam +3116,San Agustín Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.22,-96.34,sana1286,ztm,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. For most linguists the number is much lower, between 4 and 10.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ztm,Zapotec; Zapotec; San Agustín Mixtepec +3117,Elotepec Zapotec,,18.108522,-96.138497,elot1235,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,elot1235,Elotepec; Elotepec Papabuco +3122,Kamayurá,,-12.1655,-53.4292,kama1373,kay,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kay,Kamaiurá; Camaiura; Kamayirá; Kamayura; Kamayur; Camaiurá +3124,Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.3333333333,-96.3333333333,mixt1426,zpm,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. For most linguists the number is much lower, between 4 and 10.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zpm,Mixtepec Zapotec; Zapotec (Mixtepec); Zapoteco (Mixtepec); Southern Mountain Zapotec; Miahuatec; Miahuatlan; Zapotec; Eastern Zapoteco; Zapotec; Mixtepec; Zapoteco de San Juan Mixtepec +3125,Tlacolulita Zapotec,,16.3,-95.7166,tlac1240,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,Glottolog,tlac1240,Southeastern Yautepec Zapotec; Zapoteco de Asunción Tlacolulita +3127,Transyautepecan Zapotec,,16.8333,-95.1166,,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,tran1297; guev1238; lach1250; peta1247; quia1235,Petapa Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Petapa; Zapoteco de Santa María Petapa; Eastern Zapotec; Transyautepecan Zapotec dialect continuum +3128,Yautepec Zapotec,,16.4333,-95.9666,yaut1235,zpb,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. For most linguists the number is much lower, between 4 and 10.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,zpb,Northwestern Yautepec Zapotec; Zapoteco de San Bartolo Yautepec +3129,Asunción Mixtepec Zapotec,,16.88,-96.87,asun1236,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI count each variety of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approx. 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major language areas: (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,severely endangered,Glottolog,asun1236,North Central Zimatlan Zapotec; Zapoteco de Asunción Mixtepec; Central Zapotec +3130,Mangas,,10.105134,9.821771,mang1416,zns,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,zns, +3132,Mbariman-Gudhinma,,-14.629469,143.850325,mbar1253,zmv,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmv,Rimang-Gudinhma; Port Stewart Lamalama; Parimankutinma; Bariman Gutinhma; Bariman Gudinhma; Rimanggudinhma; Rima-nggudininhma +3133,Muruwari,,-28.94787072,146.6193904,muru1266,zmu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmu,Marawari; Muruwarri; Murawarri; Murawari; Murruwurri; Murra-warri; Muruworri; Muruwurri; Murueri; Moorawarree; Moorawarrie; Morowari; Murrawarri; Marraawarree; Murri +3134,Molo,,10.898,34.2773,molo1257,zmo,,SD,Africa,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,zmo,Malkan; Tura-Ka-Molo +3136,Mandandanyi,,-27.019333,148.776722,mand1417,zmk,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmk,Mandandanjnjdji; Mandandanji; Mundaeinbura; Mundainbara; Kogai; Cogai +3137,Kakua,,1.08333333333,-70.0,cacu1241,cbv,"Kakua and Nukak languages are related to each other, but not obviously to other languages. Formerly they were liked with the Nadehup (Nadahup, Makúan) languages, and all of these together sometimes joined with Puinave, called the Makú-Puinave family or Puinavean. Today, any relationship with Puinave remains undemonstrated, and evidence for linking Nedehup and Kakua-Nukak remains inconclusive (see Epps and Salanov 2013:16).",CO,South America,Kakua-Nukak,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbv,Cacua; Macu de Cubeo; Macu de Guanano; Macu de Desano; Bada; Kakwa; Bará; Báda; Kákwa; Báda; Cakua; Macú-Paraná; Wacara +3138,Mangerr,,-12.23445,133.017806,mang1382,zme,,AU,Australia,Giimbiyu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zme,Mangerri; Mangerei; Mennagi; Mangeri; Giimbiyu; Mengerrdji; Berrigurruk; Erei; Eri; Mangarr; Mangarryu; Manger; Mangerdji; Mangeryu; Mengerdji; Mengerei; Mengerr; Mengerri; Menngarr; Rereri; Reveri +3139,Margany,,-27.21067033,144.7191154,marg1253,zmc,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zmc,Marrganj; Maranganji; Mardigan; Marukanji; Marganj; Marnganji; Murngain; Murgoin; Murgoan +3140,Zakhring,,28.4735,96.4764,zakh1243,zkr,"""Those in China have various clan surnames but no group autonym and are included in the Tibetan nationality, while those in India are classified as the Meyor and Zakhring tribes according to their clan names; more recently they have started to use the group name Zaiwa. The Chinese literature refers to them as Zha, from the local Tibetan term for this group, (tsa35), probably derived from the local place name Zayul"" (Bradley 2007: 395). + +Also this language is different from Zaiwa (atb) in Yunnan, China.",IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,zkr,Charumba; Zaiwa; Meyor; Zha; 扎語; 扎話 +3142,Ziriya,,10.350721,8.850492,ziri1239,zir,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,zir,Jiriya +3144,Zangskari,,34.0833,76.85,zang1248,zau,,PK IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zau,Zanskari; Zaskari; Zangs-dkar; Z'angkar +3145,Zaramo,,-6.922,39.2409,zara1247,zaj,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zaj,Zalamo; Kizaramo; Dzalamo; Zaramu; Saramo; Myagatwa +3146,Zangwal,,10.229789,9.73035,zang1255,zah,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,zah,Zwangal; Twar +3148,Kaingang,,-28.1495,-52.4707,kain1272,kgp,,BR,South America,Jean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgp,Kaingan; Bugre; Coroado; Coroados; Caingang; Kaingng +3149,Kawaiwete,,-11.1972,-53.2342,kaya1329,kyz,,BR,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kyz,Kayabí; Kajabí; Caiabi; Parua; Maquiri; Caiabí; Paruá +3150,Kadiwéu,,-20.5222,-56.7237,kadi1248,kbc,,BR,South America,Guaicuruan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbc,Mbaya-Guaikuru; Caduveo; Ediu-Adig; Mbayá; Guaicuru; Mbaya; Mbayá-Guaycuru; Guaicurú +3151,Kaapor,,-2.8991,-46.3183,urub1250,urb,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urb,Urubú-Kaapor; Urubú; Kaaporté; Caapor; Ka'apor; Anambé; Guajá; Urubú; Amanajé; Manaze; Amanage; Manaxo; Manajo; Manazo; Ka'apór; Urubú-Ka'apór +3152,Juruna,,-10.956,-53.3235,juru1256,jur,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,jur,Jurúna; Yurúna; Iuruna; Jaruna; Yudya; Yuruna; Jurna; Yudjá; Djudjá +3155,Wakhi,,37.178789,73.982639,wakh1245,wbl,,TJ AF PK CN,South Asia; Near East; East Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wbl,Guhjali; Wakhani; Wakhigi; Vakhan; Khik +3156,Yazgulyami,,38.1982,71.4276,yazg1240,yah,Yazghulami is closely related to the Shughni language group,TJ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yah,Iazgulem; Yazgulam; Yazghulami; Yazgulyam; Yuzdomi zəvég; Zgamígi zəvég; Zgamígayi zəvég +3157,E'ma Buyang,,23.4146,105.7632,emab1235,yzg,,CN,East Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,yzg,Buyang Zhuang; Eastern Buyang; Funing Buyang; Buozaang; Langjia Buyang; 峨馬布央; 郎架布央 +3158,Yau,,-6.09554,146.8213,yaus1235,yyu,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,yyu, +3159,Yawarrawarrka,,-26.49578047,140.609109,yawa1258,yww,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yww,Yawarrawarka; Jauraworka; Jaurorka; Yara-wuarka; Yarrawaurka; Yarrawurka; Yarroworka; Yauarawaka; Yaurawakka; Yauroka; Yaurorka; Yauroworka; Yawarawarka; Yerawaka; Yowerawarrika; Yowerawoolka; Yawarawarga +3160,Yawuru,,-17.91457525,122.3569459,yawu1244,,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,,ywr; dyd,Yaoro; Jaudjibara; Jawdjibaia; Jawdjibara; Yaudjibara; Yaudijbaia; Yawjibara; Jawadjag; Winjawindjagu; Jauor; Yauor; Yauera; Djauor; Yauro; Yaroro; Yawur; Jaoro; Jauro; Jawuru; Kakudu-Kakudu; Gawor; Nawudu; Jukun; Dyugun +3161,Kolyma Yukaghir,,65.4936,151.0757,sout2750,yux,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Yukaghir,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yux,Forest Yukagir; Southern Yukagir; южноюкагирский язык; Forest Yukaghir; Jukagirisch; Odul; Kolyma; Kolym; Southern Yukaghir; Одул; Одун ажуу +3162,Yug,,61.0,90.0,yugh1240,yuu,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Yeniseian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yuu,Yugh; Southern Ket; Sym Ket; D'uk; югский язык +3163,Guarayu,,-15.919,-62.8747,guar1292,gyr,,BO,South America,Tupian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyr,"Guarayú; Chapacura; Guarayo; Guapore; Tapacura; Huachi; Maré; Iten; Guarayu; ""Guarayo""; Ñañañe" +3164,Cimbrian,,45.867,11.4268,cimb1238,cim,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,cim,Tzimbro; Zimbrisch +3165,Yarawata,,-4.9377,145.4946,yara1250,yrw,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrw, +3166,Yarsun,,-2.119,139.475,yars1234,yrs,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yrs, +3170,Dunan (Yonaguni Ryukyuan),,24.458,122.9802,yona1241,yoi,The classification of Dunan (Yonaguni) as a member of the Macro-Yaeyama subgroup of Southern Ryukyuan is based on Pellard (2015). The macro-Yaeyama subgrouping is not included in classfiications such as Miyara (2015).,JP,East Asia,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yoi,どぅなんむぬい; Dunan-Munui; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 与那国語; 与那国方言 +3171,Corsican,,42.0819,9.0307,cors1241,cos,,FR IT,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,cos,Corsu; Corso; Corse; Corsi +3173,Yandruwandha,,-27.60748622,140.5779752,yand1253,ynd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ynd,Endawarra; Innamouka; Jandruwanta; Jandruwalda; Jendru-wonta; Jendruwonta; Yandruwunta; Yandruwonta; Yantruwanta; Yandra Wandra; Yandrawontha; Yanderawantha; Yanderawartha; Yantowannta; Yandu-wulda; Yanduwulda; Yantruwunta; Jandruwontha; Yanderwartha +3174,Muzi,,23.277,103.151,muzi1235,ymz,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ymz,Muji; Mogeha +3175,Northern Muji,,23.133,103.382,nort2716,ymx,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymx,Bokha; Hlaka Mujima; Phula +3176,Qila Muji,,22.601,103.163,qila1235,ymq,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymq,Doka; Mujitsu; Phutsu; Phuzu; Phula; Muji +3177,Cypriot Spoken Arabic,,35.25,33.5,cypr1248,acy,,CY,Europe,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,acy,Cypriot Arabic: Kormakiti; Cypriot Arabic; Arabic (Kormakiti); Arabic; Cypriot Spoken; Cypriot Maronite Arabic; Maronite; Sanna; Arabic; Cypriot Spoken +3178,Yamna,,-2.09,139.21,yamn1237,ymn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ymn, +3179,Moji,,23.6,102.7333,moji1238,ymi,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymi,Flathead Phulai; Muji; Phula; Phulawa; Pingtou Phula +3180,Yaméo,,-4.4449,-73.5644,yame1242,yme,,PE,South America,Yaguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yme,Yameo; Masamae Yameo; Llameo; Camuchivo; Masamae; Mazan; Parara +3181,Dagur,,48.0,124.0,daur1238,dta,There is considerable but poorly investigated dialectal variation.,CN MN,East Asia,Mongolic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dta,Daur; Daguor; Dawar; Dawo'er; Tahur; Tahuerh; Dahur; Tongusikonni; 達斡爾 +3182,Southern Muji,,22.908,103.22,sout2722,ymc,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymc,Aga; Khlaka; Lahi; Muzi; Phula; Tjeki; Tshebu; Tshibu; Muji; Southern; Hlaka; Mujima +3188,Yakaikeke,,-10.09,149.98,yaka1275,ykk,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ykk, +3189,Dalecarlian,,61.2385,14.0295,dale1238,dlc,,SE,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dlc,Dalska; Dalmaal +3191,Miqie Yi,,25.530389,102.404338,miqi1235,yiq,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,yiq,Yi; Micha; Minqi; Lolo; Yi; Miqie; 密岔 +3192,Yindjilandji,,-19.206136,137.392852,yind1248,yil,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yil,Bularnu; Dhidhanu; Injdjiladji; Indjilandji; Yinjilanji; Indjilindji; Injilinji; Intjilatja; Indjurandji; Indkilindji); Inchalachee; Inchalanche +3193,Yindjibarndi,,-22.10432211,118.0814646,yind1247,yij,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yij,Binjiebandie; Indjiban; Indjibandje; Indjibandji; Ingibandi; Ingi-bandi; Indjibandi; Injibandi; Jana:ri; Jind'iparndi; Jindjibandi; Jindjibanji; Jindjiparndi; Kakardi; Mandanjongo; Mardanjungu; Yanari; Yingiebandie; Yinytjiparnti; Yinjtjipartnti; Kurama-Jindjibandi +3196,Dukha,,51.9307,98.9318,dukh1234,,Dukha is closely related to but clearly distinct from Tuvan.,MN,East Asia,Turkic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1hv,Tuha; Tsaatan +3197,Yidiny,,-17.11594422,145.7736814,yidi1250,yii,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,yii,Yidini; Idinji; Boolboora; Deba; Eneby; Gerrah; Gijow; Gillah; Guwamal; Idin Idindji; Idin-Wudjar; Indindji; Jidindji; Kitba; Maimbie; Mungera Ohalo; Pegullo-Bura; Warra-Warra; Warryboora; Woggil; Yetinji; Yiddinji; Yidin; Yidindji; Yitintyi; Yukkaburra; Ilba; Mungerra; Peulloburra; Yiti-ntyi; Mungera; Pegullobura; Idin; Wudjar +3198,Yingkarta,,-25.269536,114.361324,ying1247,yia,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yia,Yinggarda; Ingarda; Ingada; Jinggarda; Ingara; Ingarrah; Inparra; Kakarakala; Inggadi; Angaardi; Angaardie; Ingarra; Ingra; Ingadi; Kurudandi; Jaburua; Inggarda +3201,Yevanic,,31.8,35.11,yeva1238,yej,,IL,Near East,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,yej,Judeo-Greek; Romaniyot; Romaniote; Yevanitika +3202,Apuriná,,-5.4847,-63.8964,apur1254,apu,,BR,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,apu,Ipuriná; Kangite; Apurinã; Ipurina; Apurinã; Ipurinãn; Popengare; Cangaiti; Cacharary +3203,Eastern Mari,,57.0,48.0,east2328,mhr,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mhr,Meadow Mari; Cheremis; Grassland Mari; олык марий; niittymari; itämari; лугово-восточный марийский; черемисский язык; Cheremiss; Low Mari; Eastern Cheremis; Tscheremissisch; Cheremissian; Tchérémisse; Marijcy; Mari-Woods; Low Mari; Lugovo Mari; Čeremissisch; Marij Jylme; Marijskij Jazyk +3206,Romagnol,,44.23,11.72,roma1328,rgn,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,rgn,Emiliano-Romagnolo; Rumagnol +3207,Erzya,,54.1302,45.4394,erzy1239,myv,Erzya is closely related to the language Moksha.,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3,myv,Mordvin; Erza; эрзянский язык; erzja; Mordwin; Mordva; erza; Erzya-Mordva; Mordwinisch; Erza-Mordwinisch; Mordvinisch; Ersä-Mundart; Mordvinian; mordve; erźa; Mordvin-Erzya; Erzia; Erzá; Erzja; Erza-Mordvinisch; erzjan΄ kel΄; erzjanskij jazyk; Morduini; Mordua; eŕźań keĺ; эрзянь кель; Ersän kieli; ersämordva +3208,Baniwa,,1.2743,-68.291,bani1255,bwi," Sources confuse other languages that are also called ""Baniwa"" (spelling varies). Yavitero (Baniva de Guainía) [yvt] is a different language.",BR CO VE,South America,Arawakan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwi,Baniwa; Baniva; Baniva do Içana; Suicí; Ualiperi; Siusi; Baniua do Içana; Maniba; Baniba; Issana; Dakenei; Karútana-Baniwa; Karútana-Baniva; Baniba; Baniua do Içana; Kohoroxitari +3210,Yidgha,,36.016122,71.509711,yidg1240,ydg,Yidgha is closely related to Munji; sometimes Munji-Yidgha is treated as one language ~Habib Borjian,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ydg,Yudgha; Yudga; Yidga; Lutkuhwar +3211,Eastern Yiddish,,51.75,19.42,east2295,ydd,,US IL UA CA BY,North America; Europe; Near East,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,ydd,Central Yiddish; Judeo-German +3212,Yawiyo,,-4.45322,142.0981,yawi1238,ybx,,PG,Pacific,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ybx,Yabio +3214,Kaixana,,-3.106,-60.026,kais1242,,"Aikhenvald (1999a:71) places also Bahwana/Chiriana and Kaixana, both extinct, with Manao in her Middle Rio Negro group of “North Amazonian Arawak.”",BR,South America,Arawakan,dormant,LINGUIST List,08c,Caixana +3216,Yamphu,,27.5833333333,87.3333333333,yamp1242,ybi,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ybi,Rai; Yamphu Rai; Yamphu Kha; Yanphu; Yamphe; Jindā +3217,Yaghnobi,,38.5632,68.4475,yagn1238,yai,,TJ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yai,Yagnob; Yaghnob; Yagnobi; Yaghnabi; yaγnobīˊ zivók +3218,Mehináku,,-12.5423,-53.2403,mehi1240,mmh,"Waurá-Mehinaku (Uara, Aura, Mahinacu): Ethnologue has Mehináku (Mehinaco, Mahinaku, Minaco) as a separate language, but said to be “somewhat intelligible with Waurá”, and Waurá is reportedly “partially intelligible with +Mehináku”. Aikhenvald (1999a: 67) also has Waurá and Mehinaku as separate languages. ELCat would prefer to have a single entry for Mehinku and Waurá, but given the difference of opinion, both languages have separate entries.",BR,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmh,Mehinacú; Minaco; Mehinacu; Mehináku; Mehinaco; Mahinaku; Mahinacu; Meinaku; Uara; Aura +3219,Hixkaryana,,-0.5493,-58.5131,hixk1239,hix,,BR,South America,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,hix,Hishkariana; Hixkaryána; Hishcariana; Waiboi; Hixkariana; Hichkaryana; Sokaka; Faruaru; Xereu; Kumiyana; Parukoto-Charuma; Sherewyana; Wabui; Xerewyana; Parucutu; Chawiyana; Hishkaryana +3220,Ikpéng,,-11.7376,-53.616,ikpe1245,txi,,BR,South America,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,txi,Txikāo; Ikpeng; Txicão; Txikân; Chikaon; Chicao; Tunuli; Tonore +3222,Kuthant,,-17.62807482,140.8636671,kuth1240,xut,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xut,Gudhand; Gudanda; Gudhanda; Karundi; Karunti; Kurandi; Ka-rantee; Karrandi; Karrandee; Gar-und-yih; Gooran; Kotanda; Kutanda; Goothanto +3228,Silopi,,-5.135,145.5784,silo1240,xsp,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,xsp, +3229,Dene K'e (Slavey),,61.8154,-121.3346,sout2959,xsl,An emergent Athabaskan language within the Slavey dialect area of the Dene complex.,CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsl,"Dene K'e; Dene; Dene Tha'; Acha'otinne; Dene Tha (ᑌᓀ ᒐ); Slave; Slavey; South Slavey; Slavi; ""Slave""; Dené; Mackenzian" +3231,Karawa,,-10.09628868,147.8647003,kara1495,xrw,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xrw,Bulawa +3232,Kopar,,-3.86342597,144.5258484,kopa1248,xop,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,xop, +3233,Komo,,9.0804,34.0905,komo1258,xom,,ET SS,Africa,Koman,threatened,ISO 639-3,xom,Koma of Daga; Como; Central Koma; Gokwom; Hayahaya; Madiin; Koma; South Koma +3235,Kanashi,,32.0833333333,77.25,kana1283,xns,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,xns,Kanasi; Kanāshī; Kanaśi; Mālāni +3236,Kanakanavu,,23.1463,120.6782,kana1286,xnb,"The Tsouic language has traditionally been divided into the northern branch (Tsou) and the southern branch (Kanakanabu and Saaroa). + +As for the group identity, the Kanakanabu people, together with the Saaroa people, had long been classified as part of the Tsou nationality in Taiwan. However, the Kanakanabu and the Saaroa have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xnb,Kanabu; Kanakanabu; Sprache von Formosa; 卡那卡那富語 +3237,Mayi-Kutuna,,-18.64602942,139.6972619,maya1280,xmy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmy,Maigudina; Maigudung; Maikudun; Maikudung; Maikudunu; Mayagoondoon; Mika-doon; Mikoodoono; Mikoolun; Mygoodan; Mygoodano; Mayi-KutanaMayaguduna +3239,Kamu,,-13.874192,131.143664,kamu1258,xmu,,AU,Australia,Eastern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmu,Gamor; Kamor; Ngangigamor; Malak Malak; Gamu; Ngangigmor; Gamy; Kamorrkir; Komorrkir +3240,Kuku-Mangk,,-14.464675,142.400131,kuku1279,xmq,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmq,Kugu-Mangk +3241,Kuku-Mu'inh,,-14.574539,141.631086,kuku1282,xmp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmp,Kugu-Mu'inh +3243,Kuku-Muminh,,-14.305372,142.273786,kuku1283,xmh,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xmh,Kugu-Muminh; Wik Muminh; Wik-Mumin; Kugu; Gugu Muminh; Kugu-Mumihn +3246,Kumbewaha,,-5.34,123.15,kumb1274,xks,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xks,Umbewaha +3247,Kabatei,,37.05,49.76,kaba1276,xkp,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,xkp, +3248,Kajali,,35.9,53.48,kaja1247,xkj,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,xkj, +3250,Kagoro,,9.614713,8.393548,kago1248,xkg,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkg,Kakolo +3252,Kho'ini,,36.9,48.62,khoi1250,xkc,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xkc, +3255,Xiandao,,24.9263,98.2414,acha1249,acn,"""Because of lack of documentation prior to 1980, the Xiandao people were incldued in the unclassified national minority category. Since 1980 they have been classified as a part of the Achang nationality. Xiandao people don't agree with this classification; they believe they are different from Achang and should be an independent group. +However, the Xiandao language is genetically very close to the Achang language. ..."" (Tsung and Dai 2005:179)",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,acn,Xiandaohua; Chintaw; Xiantao; 仙島話 +3257,Kelo,,9.4463,34.0219,kelo1246,xel,,SS,Africa,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,xel,Tornasi; Kelo-Beni Sheko; Ndu-Faa-Keelo +3260,Kalmyk-Oirat,,46.566667,45.316667,kalm1243,xal,"Note that Spoken Oirat and Written Oirat (aka Clear script /Todo Bichig, which is based on Mongolic scripts and was designed by a Buddhist monk in 1648) are different. And ""Kalmyk and Xinjiang Oirat are mutually intelligible to a great extent."" (Elena Indjieva 2009:6)",RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xal,Kalmyk; West Mongolian; Xal‘mg keln; Kalmuk; Kalmuck; Kalmack; Qalmaq; kalmytskii jazyk; Khal:mag; Oirat; Volga Oirat; European Oirat; Western Mongolian; Weilate; Xinjiang Mongolian; Western Mongol; Oiratisch; Kalmückisch; Western Mongul; Xal'maq; Calmucki; Хальмг келн; калмыцкий язык +3261,Kachari,,26.5,91.0,kach1279,xac,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,xac,Boro; Bårå; Plains Kachari; Cachari; Kachāri +3262,Romansch,,46.5777,9.6954,roma1326,roh,,CH,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,roh,Grishun; Rumauntsch; Rheto-Romance; Rhaeto-Romance; Romansh; Romanche; Rhäto-Romanisch; Romanisch; Rätoromanisch +3263,Carpathian Romani,,46.3165,22.3681,carp1235,rmc,,TR DE RU UA BG RO LT FR IT GR MK GB PL CZ NL CH FI AT HR LV SK HU AL BY BA SI RS ME,Europe; Caucasus; East Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmc,Romani; Carpathian; Romany; Cigány; Bashaldo; Romungro; Hungarian-Slovak Romani; Zigeuner; European Romany +3265,Pontic,,37.919075,23.667883,pont1253,pnt,"A Greek language originally from the Pontus region, southern end of the Black Sea, now spoken mostly in northern Greece.",GR,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnt,Pontic Greek; Romeyka; Rumca; Rumcika; Romeika +3267,Jabutí,,-12.05,-64.6655,djeo1235,jbt,,BR,South America,Jabutian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jbt,Yabutí; Jabotí; Djeoromitxi; Jeoromitxi; Kipiu; Quipiu +3269,Poitevin,,46.0579,-0.5493,poit1240,,,FR,Europe,Indo-European,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-poi, +3271,Irantxe,,-13.0,-58.0,iran1263,irn,,BR,South America,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,irn,Iranshe; Iranxe; Irntxe; Iranche; Mynky; Münkü; Menki; Manoki; Myky; Irántxe +3272,Iñapari,,-12.0822,-69.7412,inap1243,inp,"""In 2012 I talked to a UC Berkeley anthropology student who had interacted with the single remaining family of speakers earlier that same year, and she put the number [of speakers] at 3"" (Lev Michael, personal communication).",PE,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,inp; inap1243,Inapori; Inapari; Inamarí; Iapari; Inamarí +3273,Piemontese,,45.0,7.66666666667,piem1238,pms,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pms,Italian (Turinese); Piedmontese +3274,Lowland Ecuadorian Quichua,,-0.996959,-77.814102,napo1242,qvo,"Sources differ greatly with respect to Quechuan languages and varieties, both with respect to which may be separate languages vs. which just dialects of the same language, and with respect to how to classify them. The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)",PE CO EC,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvo,Napo; Napo Quichua; Lowland Napo Quichua; Runa Shimi; Santa Rosa Quechua; Santarrosino; Quijo; Quixo; Kicho; Yumbo; Napo Kichua; Napo Lowland Quechua; Lowland Kichua +3275,Hupda,,0.3845,-70.1367,hupd1244,jup,"The term ""Makú"" has pejorative connotations; ""Nadahup"" is the preferred term for this group of languages. ",BR CO,South America,Nadahup,threatened,ISO 639-3,jup,Hup; Hubde; Hupdë; Hupdá Makú; Jupdá Macú; Makú-Hupdá; Macú de Tucano; Ubdé; Hupdë +3276,Picard,,50.2331,2.7905,pica1241,pcd,,BE FR,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pcd,Rouchi; Chtimi +3277,Huilliche,,-40.4803,-73.5424,huil1244,huh,"Campbell (2012:97): Willem Adelaar (personal communication) points out that Huilliche (“Beliche”, Veliche, Huiliche), often considered a dialect of Mapudungun, is likely a separate language. + Crevels (2012:190): Huilliche is related to Mapuche, but barely intelligible with it. + +Although they appear in some Colonial texts, the alternate names Huilche and Huiliche are deemed incorrect by some, as the graphemes ""l"" and ""ll"" represent distinct phonemes in this language. Writing the name of the language as ""Huiliche"" rather than ""Huilliche"" changes the meaning of the term substantially, signifying something like ""people of the nail"" rather than ""people of the south.""",AR CL,South America,Araucanian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,huh,Williche; Veliche; Huiliche; Beliche; Huilche; Mapuche; Chesungun; Chedungun; Tsesungun; Chesumun; Tsesumun +3278,Huambisa,,-3.4476,-77.7941,huam1247,hub,,PE,South America,Chicham family (Jivaroan),threatened,ISO 639-3,hub,Jíbaro; Xívaro; Huambiza; Wambisa; Wampis; Maina; Shuar-Huampis +3279,Komi-Permyak,,59.5,54.5,komi1269,koi,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,koi,Komi; Permyak; Komi-Perm; коми-пермяцкий язык; Komipermjakki; Permin komi; перем коми кыв; Kama Permyak; Komi-Permyat; komi-permjackij jazyk +3280,Yazva,,60.0348,57.536,komi1277,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,kpv-yaz,Komi-Yazva; Eastern Permyak; коми-язьвинский язык; Коми-Ёдз кыл; Komi-Yodz kyl; jazvan komi; Komi-Javinisch; Yaz'va; Yaźva +3281,Livvi,,61.1273,32.8765,livv1243,olo,,RU FI,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,olo,Livvi Karelian; Olonets; Aunus; ливвиковский язык; liygi; livvin kieli; Aunuksenkarjalan kieli; Livvikovian; Southern Olonetsian; Olonec; Südwest-Karelisch; Olonetzisch; aunuksen kieli; livviki; livvikovskij jazyk; Southern Karelian; Lívõnkél; Livvikovian; Olonecian; Livvisch +3282,North Saami,,67.5113,20.1523,nort2671,sme,,RU SE NO FI,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,sme; nort2671,"Sami; North Sámi (sápmi or sámegiella); Northern Saami; Norwegian Sami; pohjoissaame; Nordsamiska; Nordsamisk; северносаамский язык; Same; Saami; Lapp; Sámegiella; davvisámegiella; ""Northern Lapp""; ""Northern Lappish""; ""Norwegian Lapp""; Cohkkiras (Jukkasjarvi) variety" +3283,Northern Frisian,,54.5,9.0,nort2626,frr,,DE,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,frr,Frisian (North); Frisian (Northern); Frisian; North Frisian; Nordfriesisch; Friesisch; Frisian; Northern +3284,Norman,,49.081,-0.6591,norm1245,,,FR,Europe,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,fra-nor,Northern French; Normand +3305,Animere,,7.6129,0.4064,anim1239,anf,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,anf,Anyimere; Kunda +3307,Ngiyambaa,,-31.27664417,146.0548388,wang1291,wyb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wyb,Wongaibon; Ngiyampaa; Wangaaybuwan; Wongai-bun; Wonghibone; Wonjhi-bon; Wonjibone; Wongi-bone; Wonghibon; Wonghi; Wun-gai; Wuzai; Wozai; Wo'yaibun; Mudall; Wongagibun; Wombungee; Ngemba; Ngiamba; Ngeumba; Ngiumba; Gaiamba; Wangaybuwan-NgiyambaaWangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa +3308,Warrwa,,-17.2069978,124.2149579,warr1258,wwr,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wwr,Warwa; Warrawai; Wa:rwa; Warwai; Warrwai; Waruwa; Kolaruma +3309,Kamara,,9.0858,-2.2576,kama1357,jmr,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jmr,Mara +3310,Warnang,,10.6538,30.6298,warn1244,wrn,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrn,Werni +3312,Wulna,,-12.507736,131.334011,wuln1239,wux,,AU,Australia,Limilngan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wux,Woolna; Beriguruk; Berrigurruk; Birrigarak; Djeramanga; Djerimanga; Erei; Eri; Jermangel; Perrigurruk; Waak; Wolna; Woolnah; Woolner; Woolnough; Wulnar; Wuna +3315,Wunambal,,-15.00496682,125.5973866,wuna1249,wub,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wub,Unambal; Wunambul; Northern Language; Wumnabal; Wunambullu; Yeidji; Yeithi; Jeidji; Jeithi; Wunumabal; Woonambal +3317,Konni,,10.25,-1.58333333333,konn1242,kma,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kma,Koma; Koni; Komung +3319,Wotapuri-Katarqalai,,34.710061,70.847314,wota1240,wsv,"This language has also been classified as Indo-Iranian, Nuristani (Edel'man 1994)",AF,Near East,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,wsv,Wotapūrī-Katāqalāī; Wotapuri; Dardu; Katarkalai +3321,Wusi,,-15.341,166.676,wusi1237,wsi,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wsi,Wusi-Kerepua; Kula +3322,Warembori,,-1.66666666667,137.583333333,ware1253,wsa,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lower Mamberamo,endangered,ISO 639-3,wsa,Warenbori; Waremboivoro +3323,Warray,,-13.62902944,131.8232754,wara1290,wrz,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrz,Awarai; Awarra; Awarrai; Nawarray; Warai; Warei; Warrai; Wolwonga; Woolwonga; Wulwongga; Arwur; Waray (in Australia); Waray +3324,Wiradjuri,,-33.72620502,147.0281347,wira1262,wrh,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrh,Wuradjeri; Wordjerg; Woradjerg; Woradjera; Woradgery; Wooratherie; Wooratheri; Woorajuri; Wooragurie; Woorad-gery; Wirrathuri; Wirrajerry; Wirrajeree; Wirrai-yarrai; Wirrai'yarrai; Wirraiyarrai; Wirraijuri; Wirraidyuri; Wirra-dthoor-ree; Wirra-dthooree; Wirradjery; Wirradhurri; Wirra-dhari; Wira-durei; Wiradurei; Wiradthuri; Wiradthery; Wiradjeri; Wiradhurri; Wiradhari; Wira-Athorree; Wi-iratheri; Wiiratheri; Wiiradurei; Werogery; Weradgerie; Weorgery; Weerarthery; Wayradgee; WarraiDurhai; Warradjerrie; Warandgeri; Waradgery; Waradgeri; Kunamildan; Berrembeel; Wirradgerry; Wirraddury; Wirrach-arree; Wirracharee; Wir-ra'jer-ree; Wirra'jerre'; Wirotheree; Wiratu-rai; Wiratheri; Wirathere; Wira-shurri; Wirashuri; Wirajeree; Wiraijuri; Wiraidyuri; Wiragere; Wiradyuri; Wiraduri; Wira-Athoree; Wiradhuri +3325,Gudjal,,-19.44157406,144.6482584,waru1264,wrg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wrg,Warrungu; Warungu; Gugu-Badhun; Gudjala; Warrialgona; Kuritjal; Warrongo; Kutjala; Warungu; Koko Patun +3326,Warluwarra,,-22.29484937,138.5359391,warl1256,wrb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wrb,Didjadidja; Elookera; Maula; Mauula; Mawula; Walgra; Wallawarra; Walookera; Waloo-kera; Walugara; Walugera; Walukara; Waluwara; Wlookera; Wolga; Wollegara; Wollegarra; Yannalinka; Yunnalinka; Kapula; Parnkarra; Warluwara +3328,Woleaian,,7.33333333333,143.833333333,wole1240,woe,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,woe, +3329,Kuwema,,-12.481775,130.670058,tyar1236,woa,,AU,Australia,Northern Daly,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,woa,Tyaraity; Dyeraidy; Daktjerat; Tjerait; Djeradj; Djerag; Tyeraity; Djeraity; Djerait; Cherites; Sherait; Tjiras; Daktyeraty; Daktyerat; Djeraidj; Scherits; Cherait; Cherite; Dek Tjerratj; Dek Tjirratj; Djiratj; Guwe; Guwema; Jeerite; Nguluk Angguwe; Paperbark natives; Ponga-ponga; Tjerratj +3330,Wanggamala,,-24.165636,136.873036,wang1289,wnm,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wnm,Tharlimanha; Wanggamanha; Wangkamala; Wangkamana; Wangkamanha; Wonggaman; Wonggawan; Wongkamala; Wonkamala; Wonkamudla; Wangkamadla +3332,Wantoat,,-6.16666666667,146.5,want1252,wnc,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,wnc,Yagawak; Bam +3334,Agwamin,,-17.83386864,144.2350367,wami1239,wmi,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wmi,Ak Waumin; Ak-Waumin; Egwamin; Ewamin; Gwamin; Wailoolo; Walamin; Walming; Waumin; Wawmin; Wimanja; Wommin; Wakaman; Warkaman; Warkeeman; Warkamin; Warkeemon; Wamin +3335,Wamas,,-4.98,145.54,wama1247,wmc,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmc, +3336,Wambaya,,-18.16780391,135.2714652,wamb1258,wmb,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wmb,MacArthur Subgroup; Wombaia; Wambaja; Wampaja; Won-baia; Wom-by-a; Wombya; Yumpia; Umbaia; Umbia; Wambaia; Umbai; Wampaya; Wom-By-A; Wambayan; Binbinka +3338,Wailapa,,-15.571269,166.922505,wail1242,wlr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wlr,Ale +3339,Wali,,11.817285,29.453608,wali1262,wll,"Karko [kko] and Wali speakers often identify themselves as speaking the same language, called Ajang... the term 'Ajang' is used among several Nuba Mountain languages of the Nubian group to refer to their common +identity. (Krell 2012)",SD,Africa,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wll,Walari; Walarishe; Nubian (Hill); Ajang +3340,Kunbarlang,,-12.020217,133.836286,kunb1251,wlg,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wlg,Gunbalang; Walang; Warlang; Gungalang; Gunbarlang +3341,Walio,,-4.43658,142.1783,nucl1453,wla,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,wla, +3342,Waka-Waka,,-20.026536,138.010119,waka1274,,Wuliwuli (ISO 639-3: wlu) is a dialect of Waka-waka (wkw).,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,,wkw; wur,Enibura; Mungar; Nukunukubara; Wa; Wa:bar; Waa; Wacca-Wacca; Wackar; Waga; Wagawaga; Waga-Waga; Waka; Waka Waka; Wakar; Wakka; Wakka Wakka; Wakkar; Wakkawakka; Wakka-Wakka; Waku-wuka; Wapa; Woga; Wogga; Woka; Woka-Woka; Wokka; Wokkari; Wuka Wuka; Wakawaka; Wuliwuli +3344,Wirangu,,-31.57687017,132.8519652,wira1265,wgu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wgu,Nhawu; Njangga; Nyangga; Warrangoo; Wirongu; Wironguwongga; Wirrung; Wirrunga; Wirrongu; Wirangga; Naljara; Wanbiri; Jilbara; Windakan; Wangon; Ngoleiadjara; Tidni and Hilleri; Tidnie; Titnie; Willeuroo; Yilrea; Nonga; Weerung; Wanggan; Yulbara; Julbari Wonnga; Yulbara wonga; Ulbarara; Youlbara; Willuro; Wilyaru; Kartawongulta; Nhangga; Tidni; Hilleri; Hillery; Illarie; Ngadha Wangga; Ngadhu wangga; Warna-biri; Wambira +3345,Wilawila,,-15.98488583,126.5727527,wila1240,wil,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wil,Wila-Wila; Northern Language; Walmbi; Wila-wila; 'Wila'Wila +3346,Wiaki,,-3.55974,142.4135,mini1253,wii,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wii,Menandon; Miniden; Minidien; Wiakei +3347,Wik-Me'anha,,-13.532244,142.033864,wikm1246,wih,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wih,Wik-Em'an; Wik; Wikmean; Wik Me'nh; Wik Muinh; Wik Me-enh; Wik Meʔnh +3348,Wik-Keyangan,,-13.616014,141.739978,wikk1239,wif,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wif,Wik-Keyenganh +3349,Wik-Epa,,-13.57825,141.720753,wike1239,wie,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wie,Wikepa; Wik Epa; Wik-Eppa; Wik-Iita; Wik-Ep; Wikʔep +3351,Wahau Kenya,,2.0,116.0,waha1238,whk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,whk,Kenyah; Wahau +3352,Warrgamay,,-18.4,145.877,warr1255,wgy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wgy,Warakamai; Wargamay; Waragamai; Wargamaygan; Bungabara; Ikelbara; Herbert River tribe; Biyay; Warkamai; Bandjin; Bijai +3354,Wangganguru,,-26.4041,136.878528,wang1290,wgg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wgg,Wangkangurru; Wangka-Jutjuru; Wangkadjera; Wongkanguru; Wangkanguru; Wongkongaru; Wonkonguru; Ongkonguru; Wonkaooroo; Wonggongaru; Wonkongaru; Wonkaoora; Wongonooroo; Wonkongnuru; Wonkagnurra; Wychinga +3355,Wakaya,,-20.3211411,137.4609852,waga1260,wga,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wga,Akaja; Arkiya; Leewakya; Lee-wakya; Ukkia; Waagai; Waagi; Wagai; Wagaiau; Wagaja; Waggaia; Wakaja; Wakkaja; Warkaia; Warkya; Wogaia; Woorkia; Worgai; Worgaia; Workaia; Workia; Workii; Leeweakya; Wagaya +3356,Yafi,,-3.4,140.9,yafi1240,wfg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,wfg,Jafi; Jafi Wagarindem; Wagarindem; Wargarindem; Warlef; Yaffi; Zorop +3359,Wadjigu,,-24.050281,146.628894,wadj1255,wdu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wdu,Wadja; Wainjago; Wainjigo; Wadjainggo; Wainggo; Waindjago; Maudalgo +3360,Batjamalh,,-13.137203,130.284308,wadj1254,wdj,,AU,Australia,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wdj,Batyamal; Wadjiginy; Wogaity; Wagaydy; Bachamal; Wogait; Wogati; Wagaitj; Worgait; Worgite; Waggait; Waggite; Waggote; Waggate; Wagatsch; Waogatsch; Wogatj; Wogaidj; Wadyiginy; Waggites; Wargad; Wogadj; Worgaid; Worgaidj; Wogite; Wadjigin; Wadjigi:n; Wagjingi; Wadjingy; Wadyiginy Proper; Amijangal; Batjamal; Batymal; Murinwargad; Murrinh Bathemarl; Murrinh Patjtjamalh; Patjtjamalh; Wa(o)gatsch; Wadadjingi; Wadjagidj; Wagaidj; Wa-gait; Waggute; Wagite; Wangites; Wargite; Wogath; Wogites +3362,Wa,,22.662531,99.567372,nucl1290,wbm,,CN MM,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,wbm,K'awa; Kawa; Va; Vo; Wa Pwi; Wakut; Awa; Vü; Wa-Vü; Paraok; Praok; Parauk; Baraog; 佤語; ဝ +3363,Waigali,,35.033261,70.984706,waig1243,wbk,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbk,Kalasa-alā; Waigalī; Wai-alā; Waigeli; Waygalī; Kalasha-ala +3366,Kaninuwa,,-9.23,150.25,kani1281,wat,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wat,Kaokao; Wataluma +3367,Wares,,-2.3,139.3,ware1254,wai,,ID,Southeast Asia,,endangered,ISO 639-3,wai, +3368,Sahaptin,,46.5,-120.0,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 4 Sahaptin languages: Northeast Sahaptin [waa], Tenino [tqn], Umatilla [uma], Walla Walla (Northeast Sahaptin) [waa], and Yakima [yak]. +These are considered dialects of Sahaptin by others. +Sahaptin has marked dialectal diversity: Southern Sahaptin (or “River”), Northwest Sahaptin, and Northeast Sahaptin. Southern Sahaptin (or “River”) varieties were originally spoken along the Columbia River from the Dalles to the Umatilla River, and included Tenino, Wayam, and Umatilla. Northwest Sahaptin varieties were spoken in the Yakima River drainage and included Klickitat, Taitnapam, Upper Nisqually, Yakima, and Kittitas. Northeast Sahaptin varieties were spoken on the Columbia River above Southern Sahaptin and along the lower Snake River, and included Walla Walla, Wanapam, and Palouse. ",US,North America,Sahaptian,critically endangered,,waa; tqn; uma; yak, +3371,Vinmavis,,-16.1666666667,167.416666667,vinm1237,vnm,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vnm,Vinmavis; Lambumbu; Mallicolo +3372,Vano,,-11.6286,166.8383,vano1237,vnk,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vnk,Vanikoro; Vanikolo; Lovono +3373,Muluridyi,,-17.084411,145.123767,mulu1243,vmu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vmu,Binjara; Kokomoloroij; Kokomoloroitji; Kookanoona; Molloroidyi; Mooloroiji; Mularitchee; Mullridgey; Mulurutji; Waluridji; Muluridji; Molloroiji; Muluriji +3376,Maraghei,,36.83,49.97,mara1373,vmh,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,vmh, +3379,Mbabaram,,-17.21059785,144.6573105,mbab1239,vmb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,vmb,Mbara; Barbarem; Bar-barum; Mogmbabarum; Wumbabaram; Oombarbarum; Woombarbarram; Boobu-ram; Balbarum; Woombarrmbarra; Barbaram; Barbarum; Booburam; Gugu-Mbabaram; Illagona; Koko-Beberam; Kwearriburra; Morruburra; Queeariburra; Umbarbaram; Warrialgona; Woombarrmbar; Mitjamba; Kumbulmara; Mogmnanarim; Oombarrmbarum; Umbarbarem +3380,Martuthunira,,-21.91408273,115.8212481,mart1255,vma,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vma,Martuyhunira; Mardudjungara; Mardudhunera; Mardudhunira; Mardudhoonera; Mardathoonera; Mardutunira; Mardutunera; Marduduna; Mardathoni; Mardatuna; Maratunia; Marduthunira; Mardadhunira; Mardudjungara; Mardatunera; Jawunmala; Mardudunera; Mardidhoonera +3382,Megleno-Romanian,,41.1042,22.2025,megl1237,ruq,,GR MK,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruq,Megleno-Rumanian; Meglenitic; Meglenite; Other Roumanian Lects; Romanian; Megleno +3383,Manchurian Kirghiz,,47.8,124.2,fuyu1243,,,CN,East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,kjh-fyk,Kirghiz (Fu-Yu); Fuyü Gïrgïs; Fu-Yu Kirgiz; 富裕吉爾吉斯語; 滿洲柯爾克孜語 +3384,Lule Saami,,67.272,17.7978,lule1254,smj,,SE NO,Europe,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,smj,"Lulesamisk; Lulesamiska; luulajansaame; julevsámegiella; луле-саамский язык; ""Lule Lapp""" +3385,Ludian,,61.560369,33.613872,ludi1246,lud,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lud,Ludic; Ludic Karelian; людиковский язык; lüüdin kiel’; lüüdikiel'; Lyydin kieli; lyydin kiel'; l'yyd'ikiel'; lyydiäismurteet; Luudi; Lude; Lud; Südost-Karelisch; lüdisch; l'udikovskij dialekt; Lüdisch; lüd'köi; ljudy; Lyudikovian; Lyudic; Lüdic; Südostdialekt des Karelischen +3387,Logudorese Sardinian,,40.1116,9.1845,logu1236,src,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,src,Sardinian; Logudorese; Sardinian; Logudorese; Logodurese Sardinian; Sard; Sardarese; Central Sardinian +3388,Livonian,,56.8333333333,24.0,livv1244,liv,,LV,Europe,Uralic,awakening,ISO 639-3,liv,rānda kēļ; Liv; Liivõ Keelj; liiv; Livisch; kurländisch-livisch; live; rändalis-; livy; Livian; rānda kēl΄; libiesu valoda; livskij jazyk +3391,Languedocien,,43.8899,2.5378,lang1309,,A variety of Occitan.,FR,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,oci-lnc,Languedocien Occitan; Languedocian; Lengadoucian; Languedoc; Langadoc; Occitan; Occitani +3392,Ladin,,46.5833333333,11.9166666667,ladi1250,lld,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,lld,Ladino; Dolomite; Rhaeto-Romance; Rhaeto-Romanic +3393,Forest Nenets,,64.9188,77.7941,fore1274,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,yrk-for,Forest Yurak; metsänenetsi; ненецкий лесной язык; nyenetsya' vada; Dialekt der Waldjuraken; ненэцяʼ вада; нешанский язык; нещанский язык; нешаӈ вата +3395,Francoprovençal,,45.7828,6.9982,fran1260,frp,,FR IT CH,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,frp,Patois; Arpitan; Romand +3396,Kurrama,,-22.86592473,116.6221125,kurr1243,vku,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vku,Gurama; Jana:ri; Jawunmara; Karama; Kerama; Korama; Kurama; Karima; Karlamay; Kurama-Jindjibandi +3397,Vishavan,,10.18,76.76,vish1243,vis,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,vis,Malankudi; Malarkuti +3398,Veddah,,7.0,81.0,vedd1240,ved,,LK,South Asia,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,ved,Veda; Vedda; Veddha; Weda; Wedda; Weddo; Beda; Bedda +3399,Wayu,,27.2912,86.0696,wayu1241,vay,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,vay,Hayu; Vayu; Wayo; Vāyu +3400,Friulian,,46.1037,13.1396,friu1240,fur,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,fur,Furlan; Frioulan; Frioulian; Priulian; Friulano +3402,Vafsi,,34.85,49.383333,vafs1240,vaf,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vaf, +3403,Doko-Uyanga,,5.550381,8.172249,doko1243,uya,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,uya,Uyanga; Dosanga; Basanga; Iko +3404,Kuku-Uwanh,,-14.261428,142.757186,kuku1280,uwa,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,uwa,Kugu-Uwanh; Kugu Nganhcara +3405,U,,23.4844,99.8404,uuuu1243,uuu,,CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,uuu,Puman; P'uman; Pouma; Angku; Āng-kú; 烏語 +3406,Gagauz,,46.3333333333,28.6666666667,gaga1249,gag,,UA BG RO GR MK MD,Europe,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gag,Gagauzi; Gaugausen +3409,Uya,,-5.2851,145.4974,uyaa1238,usu,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,usu,Usu +341,Ega,,5.5,-5.5,egaa1242,ega,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ega,Diés; Egwa +3410,Ushojo,,35.081912,72.66605,usho1238,ush,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ush,Ushuji; Dardu +3412,Gallo,,47.931,-2.0544,gall1275,,,FR,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,fra-gal,Galo; Gallot; Galoo +3414,Ura (Papua New Guinea),,-4.64,151.95,urap1240,uro,,PG,Pacific,East New Britain,threatened,ISO 639-3,uro,Uramät; Uramit; Uramet; Uramot; Auramot; Neu-Pommern +3415,Uruangnirin,,-3.475,132.701,urua1244,urn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urn,Faur; Tubiruasa +3417,Uradhi,,-11.94033482,142.2310819,urad1239,urf,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,urf,Yinwum; Jinwum; Yeemwoom; Uraδi; Yaraikana; Bandji; Gudang; Dyaraga; Kekoseno; Otati; Oradhi; Wotati; Wutati; Wotadi +3419,Urningangga,,-13.036453,133.380356,urni1239,urc,,AU,Australia,Giimbiyu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,urc,Uningangk; Wuningak; Wuningangk; Urningangg +3423,Munsee,,40.8969,-76.3769,muns1251,umu,,US CA,North America,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umu,Delaware; Ontario Delaware; Munsee Delaware; Canadian Delaware +3424,Umbugarla,,-13.169661,131.916425,umbu1235,umr,,AU,Australia,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,umr,Mbakarla; Mbukarla; Bugula; Numbugala; Ambugala +3425,Ukit,,1.57,114.58,ukit1237,umi,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,umi, +3426,Umbuygamu,,-14.25876,143.6305,umbu1256,umg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umg,Moroba-Lama; Baka; Banjigam; Barungguan; Barunguan; Ganganda; Jintjingga; Kuuku-yani; Morrabalama; Morrobalama; Morrobolam; Njindingga; Umbindhamu; Umbuigamu; Umpuykumu; Yintjingga +3427,Umpithamu,,-13.91182628,143.6122417,umbi1243,umd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,umd,Baka; Banjigam; Barungguan; Barunguan; Ganganda; Jintjingga; Koko Ompindamo; Kuuku-Umpinthamu; Njindingga; Umbuigamu; Umpinthamu; Uuku Umpithamu; 'Uuk-Umpithamu; Yintjingga; Umbindhamu +3428,Ulithian,,9.91666666667,139.583333333,ulit1238,uli,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,uli, +3429,Ili Turki,,44.0244,81.145,ilit1241,ili,,CN,East Asia,Turkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ili,T'urk; Tuerke; 伊犁突厥語; 伊犁土爾克語 +3431,Inari Saami,,68.8446,27.2817,inar1241,smn,,FI,Europe,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,smn,"инари-саамский язык; inarinsaame; anarâškielâ; Anárašgiella; Enaresamisk; Enaresamiska; ""Inari Lappish; """ +3432,Ukwa,,5.624186,7.992142,ukwa1238,ukq,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ukq, +3433,Ukuriguma,,-5.1063,145.4747,ukur1240,ukg,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ukg, +3435,Ugong,,15.088,99.523,ugon1239,ugo,,TH,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ugo,Lawa; 'Ugong; Gong; Ugawng; Kanburi Lawa +3436,Kuku-Ugbanh,,-14.431717,141.713483,kuku1281,ugb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ugb,Kugu-Ugbanh +3437,Irish,,53.7876,-9.1845,iris1253,gle,,GB IE,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,gle,Gaeilge; Irish Gaelic; Erse; Gadhelisch +3440,Istriot,,45.0541,13.7246,istr1244,ist,,HR,Europe,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ist, +3441,Tz'utujil,,14.6394,-91.2301,tzut1248,tzj,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tzj,Tzutuhil; Tzutujil +3442,Istro Romanian,,45.3907,14.436,istr1245,ruo,,HR,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,ruo,Istro-Romanian; Other Roumanian Lects; Istro-Rumanian; Romanian; Istro +3443,Judeo-Italian,,43.1284,11.4723,jude1255,itk,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,itk,Italkian +3444,Ladino,,40.0,33.0,ladi1251,lad,,TR US IL BG RO PR GR MK HR AL BA RS MA DZ,"Europe; North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean; Near East; Africa",Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,lad,Judeo-Spanish; Sephardic; Hakitia; Haketia; Judeo Spanish; Sefardi; Dzhudezmo; Judezmo; Spanyol; Haquetiya +3446,Awu Laya,,-15.039972,143.360461,thay1248,typ,"Note on Australian languages with no known speakers: For some languages, we haven't been able to confirm speaker numbers. In other cases, there isn't anyone who has grown up speaking the language, but there are still people who identify with the language, and who are working to revitalize their languages. We've chosen to include these languages in the Catalogue for this reason.",AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,typ,Kuku-Thaypan; Gugu Dhayban; Kuku Thaypan; Koko Laia; Kokowara; Coo-coo-warra; Wu-Laya; Laya; Awu-Alaya +3447,Thu Lao,,22.742,104.267,thul1247,tyl,,VN,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,tyl, +3448,Judeo-Tat,,32.304475,34.749575,jude1256,jdt,,RU AZ IL,Caucasus; Europe; Near East; East Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jdt,Hebrew Tat; Jewish Tat; Juhuri; çuhuri; жугьури; ז'אוּהאוּראִ; ג'והורי; горско-еврейский; джуури; джухури; Dağ yəhudiləri dili; cuuri; cuhuri; Judeo-Tatic; Dzhuhuric; Juwri +3451,Toto,,26.6867,89.5056,toto1302,txo,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,txo,Tōtō +3452,Tuwari,,-4.8,142.09,tuwa1242,tww,,PG,Pacific,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tww,Akiapmin +3453,Tarahumara,,28.61,-107.66,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 5 Tarahumara languages: Tarahumara, Central [tar] +Tarahumara, Northern [thh] Tarahumara, Southeastern [tcu] +Tarahumara, Southwestern [twr] +Tarahumara, Western [tac]. INALI also has 5 ""variantes"" of Tarahumara. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tar; thh; tcu; twr; tac,Tarahumara; Southwestern; Tarahumara del Suroeste; Tubare; Taraumara; Tarahumara; South-western; Vorohio; Rocoroibo +3454,Kashubian,,54.6484,17.2485,kash1274,csb,,PL,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csb,Cassubian; Kaszubski; Cashubian +3457,Chichimeca-Jonaz,,21.6666666667,-100.5,chic1272,pei,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pei,Chichimeco; Chichimeca; Chichimec; Chichimeca-Jonaz; Jonaz; Pame de Chichimeca-Jonaz; Meco +3458,Chocho,,17.6666666667,-97.4166666667,choc1279,coz,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,coz,Chocholteco; Chuchona; Chochoteco; Chochotec +3459,Chol,,17.49,-92.47,chol1282,,"Ethnologue has 2 Chol languages, Tila Chol [cti] and Tumbalá Chol. Others recognize only one Chol language.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cti; ctu,Ch'ol; Chol; Tumbalá; Ch'ol de Sabanilla +3460,Chontal de Tabasco,,18.1666666667,-92.5833333333,taba1266,chf,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chf,Chontal Maya; Chontal (Tabasco); Chontal; Chontal; Tabasco; Yokotán; Yocot'an; Yokot'an +3465,Middle Southeastern Chinantec,,17.801461,-96.085258,tepi1241,cte,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. The most recent and accurate sources claim that there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009) Classifications are based Campbell, Lyle. 1997. American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cte,jujmi (del sureste medio); Chinanteco del sureste medio; Tepinapa; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Tepinapa Chinantec +3466,Ch'orti',,14.9364,-88.865,chor1273,caa,,HN GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,caa,Chorti; Chortí; Apay; Ch'orti; Ch'ortí +3467,Chuj,,16.1203,-92.0407,chuj1250,,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 2 Chuj languages, Ixtatán Chuj [cnm] and San Sebastián Coatán Chuj [cac]. Other classifiers recognize only one. Ethnologue (2013) now has only one Chuj [cac].",GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cac; cnm, +3471,Cuicatec,,17.8,-96.961,,,"Ethnologue has 2 Cuicatec languages, Tepeuxila Cuicatec [cux] and Teutila Cuicatec [cut]. INALI lists 3 Cuicateco ""variantes.""",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cux; cut,Cuica; Cuicateco; Cuicatec; Teutila; Kwikateko +3472,Garífuna,,12.5666,-83.7166,gari1256,cab,,HN GT BZ,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Arawakan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cab,"Garifuna; Garfuna; Black Carib; Caribe; Central American Carib; ""Moreno""" +3487,Tuvaluan,,-8.5,179.166666667,tuva1244,tvl,,NR NZ FJ KI TV,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tvl,Ellice; Ellicean; Tuvalu +3489,Wiarumus,,-3.61529,143.7268,wiar1238,tua,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tua,Mandi; Imandi +3490,Tsum,,28.4723,85.008,tsum1240,ttz,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttz,Tsumge +3494,Towei,,-3.87,140.8,towe1240,ttn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Pauwasi,endangered,ISO 639-3,ttn,Towe +3495,Totoró,,2.504,-76.4016,toto1306,ttk,"Ethnologue mistakenly classifies Totoro (and 5 other Coconuco ""languages"") as Paezan, rather than Barbacoan.",CO,South America,Barbacoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ttk,Totoro; Polindara +3496,Teco,,15.3073,-92.0609,tekt1235,ttc,,GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttc,Teko; Tectiteco; Tectitec; Tectitán Mam; Maya-Tekiteko; Tektiteko +3497,Tsou,,23.5,120.75,tsou1248,tsu,"The Tsouic language has traditionally been divided into the northern branch (Tsou) and the southern branch (Kanakanabu and Saaroa). + +The Kanakanabu people and the Saaroa people, who had long been classified under the Tsou nationality, have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",TW,East Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tsu,Tsu-U; Tsoo; Tsuou; Tsu-Wo; Tzo; Tso; Namakaban; Niitaka; Tibola; Tibolah; Tibolak; Tibolal; Sprache von Formosa; 鄒語 +3499,Tsakonian,,37.262826,22.683782,tsak1248,tsd,,GR,Europe,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tsd,Tsaconia; Tsakonia +3501,Torwali,,35.302906,72.539572,torw1241,trw,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,trw,Torwālī; Turvali; Dardu +3502,Turoyo,,37.23,42.15,turo1239,tru,,TR IQ SY LB,Europe; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tru,Ṭurōyō; Suryoyo; Syryoyo; Turani; Süryani +3504,Tarao Naga,,24.25,94.1666666667,tara1313,tro,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tro,Tarao; Tarau; Taraotrong; Naga (Tarao); Naga; Tarao +3505,Tregami,,34.720919,70.933811,treg1243,trm,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,trm,Trigami; Tregāmī; Gambīrī; Gambiri +3506,Jewish Azerbaijani Neo-Aramaic,,32.0383,34.7827,lish1246,trg,,AZ GE IL IR,Caucasus; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trg,Lishán Didán; Lishanán; لشان ددان; Neo-Aramaic (Persian Azerbaijan); Lishanid Nash Didán; Persian Azerbaijan Jewish Aramaic; Lakhlokhi; Galihalu; לשן דידן; Lišān Didān; לשנן; Lišānān +3507,Turi,,21.8411,87.2973,turi1246,trd,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trd, +3508,Terebu,,-3.684,143.841,tere1276,trb,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,trb,Terepu; Turupu; Turubu +3509,Tirahi,,34.167925,69.563483,tira1253,tra,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,dormant,ISO 639-3,tra,Tirāhī; Dardu +3512,Turumsa,,-7.929093,142.566541,turu1250,tqm,,PG,Pacific,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tqm, +3513,Tlapanec,,16.7325,-98.6034,,,"Ethnologue has 4 Tlapanec languages: +Me’phaa, Acatepec [tpx] Me’phaa, Azoyú [tpc] Me’phaa, Malinaltepec [tcf] Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl].",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,at risk,ISO 639-3,tpx; tpc; tcf; tpl,Tlappanec; Tlapaneco; Tlapanec; Me'pa; Me'phaa; Tlapaneko; Tlapaneco +3514,Tlachichilco Tepehua,,20.5833333333,-98.25,tlac1235,tpt,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Tepehua languages: +Tepehua, Huehuetla [tee] +Tepehua, Pisaflores [tpp] +Tepehua, Tlachichilco [tpt]. +INALI also distinguishes 3 ""variantes"" of Tepehua. + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpt,Tepehua; Tlachichilco; TlachichilcoTepewa +3517,To,,7.7593,15.350544,tooo1238,toz,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,toz, +3518,Upper Taromi,,36.6,48.73,uppe1235,tov,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,tov,Taromi; Upper +3519,Sierra Totonac,,19.9166666667,-97.4166666667,high1243,tos,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: +Totonac, Coyutla [toc] +Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] +Totonac, Highland [tos] +Totonac, Papantla [top] +Totonac, Tecpatlán [tcw] +Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] +Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] +Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] +Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc]. + +David Beck includes Coyutla under Sierra Totonac. However, MacKay and Trechsel say that Coyutla Totonac also seems to share a great deal of its morphology with the Northern varieties and thus may not be ""Sierra"" as Beck claims. The classification of these and many other varieties must remain ""open"" until further fieldwork can be done and additional material made available. + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel. However, all acknowledge that there is no real consensus on the linguistic categorization of this area.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tos,Highland Totonac; Totonako; Highland; Totonaco de la Sierra; Totonac; Totonac (Sierra); Totonako; Totonaco +3520,Papantla Totonac,,20.3333333333,-97.3333333333,papa1238,top,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: +Totonac, Coyutla [toc] +Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] +Totonac, Highland [tos] +Totonac, Papantla [top] +Totonac, Tecpatlán [tcw] +Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] +Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] +Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] +Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc]. + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel. However, all acknowledge that there is no real consensus on the linguistic categorization of this area.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,top,Totonac; Papantla; Lowland Totonac; Lowland Totonako; Totonaco de Papantla; Papantla; Totonac (Papantla); Totonaco +3521,Northern Totonac,,20.4166666667,-97.8333333333,xico1235,too,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: +Totonac, Coyutla [toc] +Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] +Totonac, Highland [tos] +Totonac, Papantla [top] +Totonac, Tecpatlán [tcw] +Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] +Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] +Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] +Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc] + +David Beck categorizes the varieties of Northern Totonac as follows: +Northern Totonac: +Upper Necaxa +Tecpatlán Totonac +Zihuateutla Totonac +Cerro Xinolatépetl Totonac (aka Ozumatlán) +Apapantilla Totonac (aka Xicotepec). + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel. However, all acknowledge that there is no real consensus on the linguistic categorization of this area.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,too,Totonac; Xicotepec de Juárez; Northern Totonac; Totonaco de Villa Juárez; Totonako; Totonac (Xicotepec de Juárez); Totonaca (Xicotepec de Juarez); Totonako; Totonaco +3522,Maniq,,7.35,99.9333,tong1308,tnz,,TH MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tnz,Mos; Tonga; Tonga'; Ten'en +3523,Tanema,,-11.680631,166.902781,tane1237,tnx,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tnx,Tanima +3524,Tonsawang,,0.990354,124.680771,tons1239,,,ID SB,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,Glottolog,tons1239,Tombatu; Toundanow; Lo'bahikolai +3525,Tay Khang,,18.66,104.37,tayk1238,tnu,,LA,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,endangered,ISO 639-3,tnu, +3527,Tunebo,,6.4463,-72.0483,,,"Ethnologue gives 4 Tunebo languages (in a subbranch of Chibchan they call Cundicocuyese): +Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd] +Tunebo, Barro Negro [tbn] +Tunebo, Central [tuf] +Tunebo, Western [tnb]. + +Others have only one (see Constenla Umaña 2012). +",CO,South America,Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tbn; tnb; tnd; tuf,Uwa; U'wa; U'w Cuwa; U'w Kuwa; Sínsiga; Cobaría; Tegría; Pedraza +3528,Temuan,,3.3709,101.984,temu1239,tmw,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tmw,Benua; Niap; Beduanda +3530,Tasmate,,-15.233,166.66,tasm1246,tmt,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmt,Meri; Oa +3532,Temoq,,3.11,102.92,temo1243,tmo,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,tmo,Ulu Indau +3537,Talodi,,10.5833333333,30.5,talo1250,tlo,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tlo,Jomang; Gajomang; Ajomang +3538,Misantla Totonac,,19.9166666667,-96.9166666667,yecu1235,tlc,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: +Totonac, Coyutla [toc] +Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] +Totonac, Highland [tos] +Totonac, Papantla [top] +Totonac, Tecpatlán [tcw] +Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] +Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] +Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] +Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc] + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel. However, all acknowledge that there is no real consensus on the linguistic categorization of this area.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tlc,Southeastern Totonac; Yecuatla Totonac; Laakanaachiwiin; Totonac (Misantla); Totonaca (Yecuatla); Misantla Totonako +3539,Tangko,,-5.13,140.27,tang1353,tkx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,tkx, +3540,Totonac,,19.865,-96.7755,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: +Totonac, Coyutla [toc] +Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] +Totonac, Highland [tos] +Totonac, Papantla [top] +Totonac, Tecpatlán [tcw] +Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] +Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] +Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] +Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc] +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,at risk,ISO 639-3,toc; tlp; tos; top; tcw; tku; tqt; too; tlc, +3541,Takestani,,36.0,49.6666666667,take1255,tks,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,tks,Takistani; Tati (Southern) +3543,Tokelauan,,-9.0,-172.0,toke1240,tkl,,NZ TK,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,tkl,Tokelau; Fakaafo +3544,Subiya,,-17.75,24.9166666667,subi1246,sbs,,BW NA ZM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sbs,Echisubia; Subia; Supia; Chikwahane; Chikuahane; Ciikuhane; Mbalangwe; Kwahane; Kuahane; Sesubea; Chikuhane; Kuhane; Sesubiya; Cisubiya; Tjikuhane +3545,Tahshanit,,33.0777,6.0671,tema1243,tjo,,DZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tjo,Tarighit; Temacine Tamazight; Tugurt; Touggourt Tamazight; Taħʃaniʦ; Righ; Oued-Righ Berber +3565,Kildin Saami,,68.0075,35.0079,kild1236,sjd,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjd,"Kildin Sámi; Eastern Saami; Kola Saami; кильдинский саамский язык; Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл; Kiillt saam' kiill; kiltinänsaame; Gielddasámegiella; Kildin Sami; ""Kildin Lappish""; ""Lapp""" +3566,Ter Saami,,67.414348,39.130051,ters1235,sjt,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sjt,"Ter Sami; Kola Saami; Eastern Saami; йоканьгско-саамский язык; терско-саамский язык; turjansaame; saa´mekiill; Darjjesámegiella; ""Ter Lappish""" +3567,Alu Kurumba,,11.35,76.8,aluk1238,xua,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xua,Alu Kurumba Nonstandard Kannada; Pal Kurumba; Hal Kurumba; Kurumba; Alu +3568,Sri Lanka Malay,,6.92,79.86,sril1245,sci,,LK,South Asia,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,sci,Sri Lankan Creole Malay; Melayu Bahasa; Java Jati; Sri Lankan Malay; Melayu; Sri Lanka pe Melayu; Java; Ja basawa; Java mozhi +3569,Mea,,-21.6141,165.7836,meaa1237,meg,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,meg,Ha Mea; Hameha; Neukaledonien +3570,Nauru Pacific Pidgin,,-0.53,166.93,chin1253,cpi,Wurm 2007; Siegel 1990,NR,Pacific,Pidgin or Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,cpi,NPP; Melanesian-Chinese Mixed Pidgin English in Nauru +3571,Māori,,-38.4105,177.3632,maor1246,mri,"Increasingly New Zealand is referred to by the Māori name Aotearoa 'the long white cloud', though originally this referred only to the North Island of New Zealand.",NZ,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mri,Maori +3572,Mangareva,,-23.1226,-134.978,mang1401,mrv,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrv,Mangarevan +3574,Lorediakarkar,,-15.1967,167.0498,lore1244,lnn,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lnn,Shark Bay +3575,Löyöp,,-13.5311,167.3368,leha1244,urr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,urr,Lehalurup; Ureparapara; East Ureparapara; Banks-Inseln +3576,Laghu,,-7.6157,158.7359,lagh1246,lgb,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,lgb,Lagu; Katova +3578,Aranadan,,11.35,75.8,aran1261,aaf,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aaf,Aranatan; Eranadans +3579,Arifama-Miniafia,,-9.518239975,149.349884,arif1239,aai,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aai,Miniafia-Arifama +3581,Aasáx,,-5.1948,37.738,aasa1238,aas,,TZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,aas,"Asax; Asá; Aasá; Assa; Asak; ""Ndorobo""; ""Dorobo""; Lamanik; Il Konono; Asa; Aasax" +3582,Arvanitika,,38.1863,23.6096,arva1236,aat,,GR,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aat,Albanian; Arber; Arbresh; Arnaut; Škip; Shqipēri; Shquipni; Arvanitika; Arvanitika Albanian; Arvanitic; Arberichte; Albanesisch; Albanian; Arvanitika +3584,Abai Sungai,,5.587,118.3695,abai1240,abf,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,abf, +3585,Tajiki Spoken Arabic,,37.22,67.33,taji1248,abh,,UZ TJ AF,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,abh,Tajiki Arabic; Jugari; Bukhara Arabic; Buxara Arabic; Tajiji Arabic; Central Asian Arabic; Arabic; Arabic; Tajiki Spoken +3591,Acheron,,10.809,30.2453,ache1245,acz,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,acz,Garme; Asheron; Aceron; Achurun +3592,Antekerrepenh,,-23.23189623,139.9715594,ande1247,adg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,adg,Andigibinha; Antekerrepinhe; Andakerebina; Undekerebina; Walwallie; Williwilli; Yanindo; Andeberegina; Andegerebenha; Antakiripina; Willi-willi; Andegerebinha +3593,Adnyamathanha,,-30.83714135,139.1215397,adny1235,adt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,adt,Adynyamathanha; Wailpi; Wailbi; Waljbi; Wipie; Ad'n'amadana; Anjimatana; Anjiwatana; Archualda; Benbakanjamata; Binbarnja; Gadjnjamada; Jandali; Kanjimata; Keydnjmarda; Mardala; Nimalda; Nuralda; Unyamootha; Umbertana; Adnyamathana; Anjamutina; Anyamatana; Kudnamietha; Kutchamoota; Keydnjamarda; Mardula; Nimbalda; Nimbaldi; Atnyamathanha +3594,Ariba,,-17.120653,141.833361,areb1238,aea,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aea,Kurtjar; Araba; Rib; Ribh; A:rap; Aripa; Ngariba; Areba +3595,Haeke,,-20.9665,164.7866,haek1239,aek,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aek,Aeke; 'Aeke; Haeake; Neukaledonien +3596,Aer,,25.25,69.03,aerr1238,aeq,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,aeq, +3597,Akeu,,21.5833,101.0166,akeu1235,aeu,,CN MM TH,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aeu,Aki; Akui; 阿克 +3599,Chini,,-4.855899811,144.7736969,akru1241,afi,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,afi,Akrukay; Akruray +3600,Afitti,,12.13869,30.181732,afit1238,aft,,SD,Africa,Nyimang,endangered,ISO 639-3,aft,Ditti; Unietti; Affitti; Dinik; Affiti +3605,Boró,,10.3581,35.0024,boro1277,bwo,"Leyew 2002 claims two dialects of Shinasha: Lowland and Highland. + +Wedekind 2010 claims two dialects as well: Highland (Garibora/Gayibora) and Lowland (Taribora/Worwibora), which are mutually intelligible.",ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bwo,Shinassha; Boro; Bworo; Shinasha; Scinacia; Šinašša; Bòrná +361,Beti,,5.2495,-3.3233,beti1248,eot,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,eot,Eotile +362,Jeri Kuo,,9.455581,-5.63746,jeri1242,jek,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jek,Jeli Kuo; Celle; Jeri; Jeri.kuo +3626,Mabire,,12.1682,18.7275,mabi1242,muj,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,muj, +363,Bom,,7.3188,-11.9915,bomk1234,bmf,,SL,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bmf,Bome; Bum; Bomo +364,Mani,,9.874158,-9.550653,bull1247,buy,,GN SL,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,buy,Bullom So; Northern Bullom; Bolom; Bulem; Bullun; Bullin; Mmani; Mandingi; Mandenyi +3645,!Xun,,-19.6666666667,18.0,kung1261,knw,,ZA NA AO,Africa,Kx'a,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,knw,Ju; !Xun (Ekoka); Kung-Ekoka; !Kung; Ekoka-!Xû; Kung; !Ku; !Xu; !Hu; Qxü !Khung; !Xung; Ekoka +365,Krim,,7.302792,-11.985668,krim1238,krm,,SL,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,krm,Kim; Kittim; Kirim; Kimi +3665,Tequiraca,,-2.0869,-74.5092,abis1238,ash,,PE,South America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,ash,Tekiraka; Aushiri; Auishiri; Avishiri; Avixiri; Abiquira; Abishira; Abigira; Agouisiri; Ixignor; Vacacocha; Avirxiri; Tequraca +3685,Argobba,,10.5958,39.9792,argo1244,agj,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agj,Argoba +3686,Fembe,,-5.72,142.25,femb1238,agl,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,agl,Sinale; Agala +3690,Àhàn,,7.762,5.724,ahan1244,ahn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ahn,Ahaan; Ahan +3691,Ainu (China),,39.5,76.0,ainu1251,aib,,CN,East Asia,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,aib,Aynu; Aini; Abdal; Eynu; Äynu; 艾努語 +3692,Ainbai,,-3.1,141.2,ainb1238,aic,"Laycock (1973) identifies the two Ainbai-speaking villages as speaking Pagi [pgi], but Brown (1980) classifies Ainbai as a separate language.",PG,Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,aic, +3693,Alngith,,-12.57310489,141.8691543,alng1239,aid,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aid,Alngidh; Alingid; Laynngithy; Lengiti; Lenngiti; Alngid; Limrett; Laynngith; Winduwinda; Alingit; Alŋit̯; Laynŋit̯ +3694,Amara,,-5.66666666667,148.5,amar1272,aie,"""... [T]here are two alternate names for the Amara language, Longa and Bibling. Though the Amara people recognize those names, they reported that they prefer their language to be called Amara."" (Carter, et al. 2012)",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aie,Longa; Bibling +3697,Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic,,31.7188,34.7772,lish1245,aij,,IL IQ,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aij,Lishanid Noshan; Neo-Aramaic (Arbel Jewish); Lishana Didán; Hulani; Kurdit; Galigalu; Jbeli +3698,Ake,,8.94748,8.835342,akee1238,aik,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aik,Aike; Akye +3699,Aimele,,-6.751896,142.745361,aime1238,ail,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ail,Eibela; Kware +3700,Aimol,,24.4971,93.6145,aimo1244,aim,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,aim,Langrong; Aimal +3701,Burumakok,,-5.12,140.03,buru1307,aip,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aip, +3703,Aja,,7.33333333333,25.6666666667,ajas1235,aja,,SD,Africa,Kresh-Aja,endangered,ISO 639-3,aja,Ajja; Adja +3705,Judeo-Tunisian Arabic,,33.8795,10.0634,jude1263,ajt,,IL TN,Africa; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,ajt,Arabic +3725,Mpra,,8.867,-1.25,mpra1235,,,GH,Africa,,dormant,LINGUIST List,1ix,Mpre +3745,Dompo,,8.150236,-2.363097,domp1238,doy,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,doy,Guang; Dumpo; Ndmpo +3765,Kunjen,,-16.54391507,143.0454776,kunj1245,kjn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kjn,Guguminjen; Kukumindjen; Kun'djan; 'Kundjan; Gundjun; Koko Kuntjan; Kundjin; Kokoyan; Koonjan; Kunjin; Okundjain; Oggonjin; Koka-Koonjin; Ogh-Undyan; Ngundjan; Ogondyan; Oykangand; Kukuminjen +3785,Kuuku-Ya'u,,-12.610572,143.136956,kuuk1238,kuy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kuy,Ya'o; Koko-Ja'o; Kokoyao; Bagadji; Pakadji; Gugu Yau; Yao; Koko Ya':o; Koka-yao; Makadama; Kuuku Ya'u; Kuku-Ya'u +3786,Gunin,,-14.588,127.534,kwin1241,gww,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gww,Kwini; Gunan; Gwini; Kunan; Gunin/Kwini; Northern Language; Gɨnan; Gwiini; Cuini; Wunambal; Goonan; Ginan; Guna; Kuini; Kuwiyini; Kwiini; Pela; Kalumburu; Wirngir; Gwin:ni +3787,Lardil,,-16.512466,139.405662,lard1243,lbz,,AU,Australia,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lbz,Engarilla; Eugoola; Ganggalida; Iukala; Jakula; Jogula; Jokal; Jokala; Jokul; Jokula; Jokulta; Jugul; Jugulda; Jungulda; Kanggaleida; Yangarella; Yookala; Yugulda; Yukula; Yukulta; Laierdila; Ladil; Lardill; Kunana; Kuna'na; Gunana; Mornington Island tribe; Leerdil +3788,Yan-nhangu,,-12.0253188,134.9636469,yann1237,jay,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jay,Yarnango; Yan-Nhangu; Nangu; Yanangu; Djinaŋ; Gunbirrdji; Gunbirri; Jaer-nungo; Jan:angu; Janango; Janjango; Jarnangu; Malara; Malarra; Murrungun; Murruŋun; Nango; Yaernungo; Yaerungo; Yanango; Yannangu; Yannaŋu; Yannhangu; Yannhaŋu; Yarenango; Jarnango +3789,Yankunytjatjara,,-27.26048662,131.9855272,yank1247,kdd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kdd,Alinjera; Ankundjara; 'Everard Range Tribe'; Janggundjara; Jangkundjadjara; Jangkundjara; Jangundjara; Jangwundjara; Jan-kundjadjara; Jan-kundjindjara; Jankuntjatara; Jankunzazara; Jankunzazzara; Kaltjilandjara; Nan-kundjara; Wirtjapakandja; Wirtjapokandja; Yangundjadjara; Yankunjara; Yankunjtjatjarra; Yankuntatjara; Kulpantja; Yankuntjatjara +3790,Nubi,,0.666666666667,32.0833333333,nubi1253,kcn,,KE SS CD UG,Africa,Pidgin or Creole,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcn,Kinubi; Ki-Nubi; Kinúbi; Rután Núbi +3792,Barombi,,4.64584,9.25261,baro1252,bbi,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bbi,Lombi; Lambi; Rombi; Rambi; Lombe; Balombi; Barumbi +3793,K'emant,,12.599967,37.466633,qima1242,ahg,,ET ER,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ahg,Qimant; Kimanteney; Western Agaw; Falaša; Kemant; Falasha +3794,Okiek,,-1.0435,36.6006,okie1245,oki,,KE TZ,Africa,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oki,"Akiek; Akie; Ogiek; ""Ndorobo""; Kinare" +3795,Nachering,,27.4144,86.7521,nach1240,ncd,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ncd,Nachereng; Nacering Ra; Nachering Tûm; Mathsereng; Nacchhering; Nasring; Bangdale; Bangdel Tûm; Bangdile; Nacherēng; Nāchhēreng; Natśhereng +3797,Jingulu,,-16.6271636,133.5450627,djin1251,jig,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jig,Djingili; Djingulu; Jingali; Tjingilu; Chingalee; Djingila; Lee; Chunguloo; Tchingalee; Tjinggili; Jilngali +3798,Bangandu,,2.18716,14.7506,bang1347,bgf,,CM CG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgf,Temne; Bagando; Bangando; Bangantu; Southern Bangantu +3799,Buduma,,13.5,14.5,budu1265,bdm,,NG CM TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bdm,Boudouma; Yidena; Yedima; Yedina; Yidana; Yadena; Yedana; Buduma-Kuri +3800,Evant,,6.34906,9.46432,evan1238,bzz,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzz,Evand; Avand; Avande; Ovand; Ovande; Ovando; Balegete; Belegete +3801,Kolbila,,8.248187,13.21645,kolb1240,klc,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,klc,Kolbilari; Kolbilla; Kolena; Kolbili; Zoono +3802,Zizilivakan,,10.343122,13.555043,zizi1238,ziz,,NG CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,ziz,Ziziliveken; Ziliva; Àmzírív; Fali of Jilbu +3803,Kwarandzyey,,30.154627,-3.560486,kora1291,kcy,,DZ,Africa,Songhay,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcy,Korandje; Belbali; lbəlbaliyya; Tabelbala; البلبالية‎‎ +3806,Aguna,,7.348379,1.933201,agun1238,aug,,BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,aug,Awuna; Agunaco +3807,Bassa-Kontagora,,10.495914,5.562996,bass1259,bsr,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bsr,Basa; Basa-Kontagora +3808,Notre,,10.798235,1.66951,notr1240,bly,,BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bly,Nõtre; Bulba; Nootre; Burusa; Boulba +3809,Anii,,9.032,1.657,anii1245,blo,The preferred name of the language is Anii; other names may have derogatory connotations and should not be used. (Tompkins & Kluge 2008),TG BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,blo,"Gisida; Basila; Bassila; Baseca; ""Winji-Winji""; ""Ouinji-Ouinji""; Akpe" +381,Kemak,,-8.933758,125.175292,kema1243,kem,,ID TL,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kem,Ema +3812,Birwa,,-22.17,28.33,birw1238,brl,,ZA BW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brl, +3813,Tswapong,,-23.10847,26.823094,tswa1237,two,,BW,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,two,Setswapong +3814,Khe,,9.916678,-4.283322,khee1238,kqg,,BF CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqg,Kheso; Bambadion-Kheso +3815,Khisa,,9.874158,-3.894859,khis1238,kqm,,BF CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kqm,Komono; Khi Khipa; Kumwenu; Khi; Khise; Khi-sɛ; Khi-sa +3816,Natioro,,10.733245,-5.233292,nati1243,nti,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nti,Koo'ra; Natyoro; Natjoro; Samukune +3817,Sininkere,,13.35653,-1.058613,sini1242,skq,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,skq,Silinkere; Silanke +3818,Tiéfo,,10.816667,-4.55,tief1242,tiq,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,tiq,Foro; Tyefo; Tyeforo; Kiefo; Tiefo +3819,Wara,,10.65,-5.4,wara1292,wbf,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbf,Wára; Ouara; Ouala; Samoe +3829,Araki,,-15.632,166.952,arak1252,akr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,akr,Banks-Inseln +3832,Alawa,,-15.53391918,134.2028228,alaw1244,alh,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,alh,Alaua; Allaura; Allawa; Allowa; Allowiri; Allua; Alowa; Galawa; Galleewo; Kallana; Kallaua; Leealowa; Warliburru +3833,Allar,,11.108169,76.166224,alla1247,all,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,all,Alan; Alanmar; Alar; Allan; Chatans +3834,Varavara,,-15.526286,166.952718,ambl1237,alm,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,alm,Amblong; Aje +3835,Aru,,-3.45706296,142.539093,amol1235,alx,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,alx,Alang; Alatil; Amol; Eru +3836,Amanayé,,-3.7327,-49.1088,aman1266,ama,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,ama,Amanajé; Manaze; Amanage; Manaxo; Manajo; Manazo; Amanyé; Anambé; Guajá; Urubú; Amanajé; Amanayé language area +3839,Western Neo-Aramaic,,33.82,36.48,west2763,amw,,SY,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,amw,Maalula; Maaloula; Siryon; Siryōn; Loghtha Siryanoytha; Loghtha Siryanōytha; Neo-Western Aramaic; Ma'lula; Aramaic; Neo-Aramaic; Western +3840,Anmatyerre,,-21.98277477,133.4290339,anma1239,amx,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,amx,Anmatjirra; Anmatjera; Unmatjera; Imatjera; Urmitchee; Nmatjera; Inmatjera; Anmatjara; Janmadjara; Janmatjiri; Yanmedjara; Yandmadjari +3842,Atampaya,,-11.48211057,142.3743784,atam1239,amz,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,amz, +3845,Jarawa,,11.61,92.66,jara1245,anq,,IN,South Asia,South Andamanese,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anq,Jarawa (in Andamans) +3847,Abom,,-8.424996376,142.9303589,abom1238,aob,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aob, +3849,Arhö,,-21.274,165.0503,arho1237,aok,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aok,Aro; Neukaledonien +3851,Aore,,-15.58797,167.211754,aore1237,aor,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aor, +3852,Athpariya,,26.952,87.3399,athp1241,aph,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aph,Athpare; Rai; Athapre; Ath Paharia Rai; Athpre; Arthare; Arthare-Khesang; Jamindar Rai; Jindā +3856,Arhâ,,-21.3047,165.0146,arha1237,aqr,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aqr,Ara; Neukaledonien +3857,Arabana-Wangkangurru,,-31.30521924,138.428335,arab1267,ard,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ard,Arbana; Ngarabana; Arabuna; Arrabunna; Arrabonna; Arubbinna; Arapina; Arapani; Urapuna; Urabuna; Urabunna; Urroban; Wangarabana; Wongkurapuna; Wangarabunna; Nulla; Rabuna; Arabana +3858,Araona,,-12.4473,-68.1372,arao1248,aro,,BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aro,Cavina; Carina +3859,Arbore,,5.0,36.75,arbo1245,arv,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,arv,Arbora; Erbore; Irbore; Arborie +3864,Ati (Philippines),,11.15,122.51,atii1237,atk,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,atk,Inati; Bisaya +3865,Ata,,9.6081,122.9155,ataa1240,atm,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,atm, +3866,Ashtiani,,37.75,48.68,asht1244,atn,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,atn,Astiani; Ashtiyani +3869,Northern Altai,,52.2816,87.4827,nort2686,atv,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,endangered,ISO 639-3,atv,Teleut; Telengut; северноалтайский язык; алтай тили; кумандинско-челканский язык; Telengit; Kumandin +3871,Asumboa,,-11.2982,166.4868,asum1237,aua,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,aua,Asumbua; Asumuo +3872,Anuta,,-11.611,169.85,anut1237,aud,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,aud, +3876,Auré,,-2.9649,-46.2084,aura1243,aux,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,aux,Aurê; Aurá +3878,Alviri-Vidari,,35.01,50.38,alvi1241,avd,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,avd, +3879,Agavotaguerra,,-13.3,-53.44,agav1236,avo,,BR,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,avo,Agavotoküeng; Agavotoqüeng; Agavo-queng +3880,Awbono,,-5.06,139.72,awbo1238,awh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Bayono-Awbono,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,awh,Kvolyab +3883,Ayapathu,,-14.47173612,143.2934448,ayab1239,ayd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ayd,Abadja; Ai ebadu; Aiabadu; Aiyabotho; Aiyaboto; Ajabadha; Ajabatha; Ajibyrdu; Apatya; Badja; Baldya; Balfja; Jabuda; Kikahiabilo; Koka Ai-ebadu; Koka-aiebadu; Koko Aiebadu; Koko-Badja; Koko-Baldya; Koko-Baltjayiahjaba; Ayabadhu +3885,Eastern Nahua,,19.5833333333,-97.3333333333,high1278,azz,"Ethnologue distinguishes 28 Nahuatl languages. INALI has 30 ""variantes"" of Nahuatl.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,at risk,ISO 639-3,azz,Nahuatl; Highland Puebla; Náhuat de la Sierra de Puebla; Sierra Puebla Náhuatl; Sierra Aztec; Zacapoaxtla Náhuat; Mejicano de Zacapoaxtla; Nahuatl (Sierra de Zacapoaxtla); Nahuatl (Puebla Sierra); Nahuatl; Mexicano; Zacapoaxtla; Mejicano Azteco +3887,Baibai,,-3.463972092,141.358078,baib1251,bbf,,PG,Pacific,Baibai-Fas,endangered,ISO 639-3,bbf, +3888,Kulung (Nigeria),,12.516358,8.833839,kulu1255,bbu,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bbu,Bambur; Kuluno; Bakulung; Bakulu; Bakuli; Kulu; Kukulung; Wo; Wurkum +3890,Bainouk-Samik,,12.5733,-16.2652,bain1260,bcb,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcb, +3891,Baga Binari,,10.4013,-14.4799,baga1275,bcg,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcg,Barka; Binari; Kalum; Mborin; Baga; Temne; Pukur +3892,Bardi,,-16.50302678,122.9331577,bard1255,bcj,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bcj,Baadi; Bard; Baardi; Badi; Barda; Ba:di; Bad; Ba:d; Baada; Baard; Boardybahrde +3893,Bunuba,,-17.69419801,125.5950823,buna1275,bck,,AU,Australia,Bunaban,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bck,Punapa; Bunapa; Punaba; Booneba Bunaba; Kunamba; Punamba; Bunaba +3895,Bana,,10.4166666667,13.5833333333,bana1305,bcw,,CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bcw,Baza; Koma; Ka-Bana; Parole des Bana; Mizeran; Mbana +3896,Bai,,8.0592,25.5102,baii1251,bdj,,SS,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bdj,Bari +3897,Bandjalang,,-28.617377,153.00416,midd1357,bdy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bdy,Bandjelang; Bogganger; Bundala; Gidabal; Yugumbe; Badjalang; Badjelang; Budulung; Buggul; Bundjalung; Paikalyung; Bandjalong; Bunjellung; Bundela; Bundel; Watchee; Woomargou; Bandjerang; Pangerang; Dadarawa; Arakwal; Gundurimba; Tugurimba +3898,Beli (Papua New Guinea),,-3.671039,142.382813,beli1258,bey,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bey,Akuwagel; Mukili; Makarim +3899,Betaf,,-2.12,139.25,beta1253,bfe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Orya-Tor,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfe,Betaf; Tebi +3901,Remo,,18.0,82.0,bond1245,bfw,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bfw,Remsan; Bonda; Bondo; Bondo Poroja; Nanqa Poroja; Poraja Katha; Bhonda Bhasha; Bondo-Poraja; Remosum; Bunda; Bonda Poroja; Nanga Poroja +3902,Gwamhi-Wuri,,8.7113,2.1533,gwam1244,bga,"""The Gwamhi-Wuri languages of the literature consist of a cluster of three languages, Gwamhyə, Wuri and Mba."" (Blench 2012)",NG BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bga,"Lyase; Lyase-Ne; Gwamhyə-Wuri-Mba; Gwamfi; ""Banganci""" +3903,Bugun,,27.2546,92.5323,bugu1246,bgg,Unclassified within Tibeto-Burman.,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgg,Khowa; Kho; Khoa; Bugen +3904,Baga Mboteni,,10.7415,-14.5513,baga1276,bgm,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgm, +3905,Baga Koga,,10.026644,-14.040625,baga1273,bgo,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgo,Barka; Koga; Koba; Baga; Temne +3906,Warkay-Bipim,,-5.77,138.64,wark1247,bgv,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bgv,Bipim As-So; Bipim; Warkay +3907,Balkan Gagauz Turkish,,41.4633,22.6977,balk1254,bgx,,TR BG MK,Europe,Turkic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgx,Balkan Turkic; Gagauz; Türkische Sprache in Bulgarien +3908,Biga,,-2.0,130.27,biga1238,bhc,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bhc; biga1238, +3909,Bhaya,,25.48,69.31,bhay1238,bhe,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,bhe, +3910,Busa,,-3.86,141.42,odia1239,bhf,"""Dusa lexicon bears no significant relations to any other language in the region (Conrad and Dye 1975, Laycock 1975a)"" (Hammarström, forthcoming).",PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,bhf,Odiai; Busan; Uriai +3911,Bukhori,,39.8043,64.4224,bukh1238,bhh,,IL UZ,Near East,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bhh,Bukharian; Bukhari; Bukharin; Bukharic; Bokharian; Bokharic; Bokharan; Bukharan; Judeo-Tajik +3912,Bohtan Neo-Aramaic,,37.37,42.52,boht1238,,,RU GE,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,,bhn; hrt,Sôreth; Hértevin; севернобохтанский язык; Hertevince +3913,Badimaya,,-29.123373,116.706047,badi1246,bia,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bia,Widimaya; Parti-Maya; Bidungu; Bardimaya Baadeemaia Badimaia Badimala Badimara Bardimaia Barimaia Bidungu Padimaia Padinaia Parimaia Patimara Patimay Waadal Wardal Badi-maia Wallawe Yamadgee Yamaji; Bardimaya +3918,Biete,,25.6514,93.2409,biet1238,biu,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,biu,Bete; Baite; Biate +3924,Bulu,,-5.052719,150.092506,bulu1253,bjl,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bjl, +3925,Bajelani,,33.969421,43.014152,baje1238,bjm,,IR IQ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bjm,Bajalani; Gurani; Chichamachu; Bajoran; Bejwan +3927,Brokskat,,34.6478,76.4978,brok1247,bkk,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkk,Brokpa; Brokpa of Dah-Hanu; Dokskat; Kyango; Dardu; Hanu +3931,Boloki,,0.051498,18.253733,bolo1262,bkt,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkt,Baloki; Buluki; Boleki; River Ruki +3932,Beli (Sudan),,6.4736,29.2675,beli1257,blm,,SS,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,blm,Behli; Beili; Jur Beli; 'Beli +3936,Baga Manduri,,10.835666,-14.542517,baga1270,bmd,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bmd,Barka; Mandari; Maduri; Manduri; Baga; Temne; Baga Mandun +3937,Bote-Majhi,,27.9208,83.5082,bote1238,bmj,,NP,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bmj,Kushar +3938,Bulgebi,,-5.7485,146.4532,bulg1265,bmp,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bmp, +3944,Boon,,0.151042,42.901089,boon1242,bnl,,SO,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bnl,Af-Boon; Boni +3945,Bola,,-5.445211,150.028967,bola1250,bnp,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bnp,Bakovi; Bola-Bakovi +3948,Aweer,,-0.8294,40.8142,awee1242,bob,"The name ""Boni"" may be pejorative; ""Aweer"" is the preferred name. ",KE SO,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bob,"""Boni""; Waata; Wata; Sanye; Wasanye; Waboni; Bon; Ogoda; Wata-Bala" +3950,Bonkiman,,-5.852376,146.691985,bonk1244,bop,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,bop, +3952,Bororo,,-16.0,-57.0,boro1282,bor,,BR,South America,Bororoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bor,Boe; Borôro; Bororo proper; Eastern Bororo; Western Bororo; Borro +3953,Bongo,,7.5,28.5,bong1285,bot,,SD,Africa,Central Sudanic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bot,Bungu; Dor +3956,'Ôrôê,,-21.4223,165.4678,orow1242,bpk,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bpk,Orowe; Boewe; Neukaledonien +3960,Barrow Point,,-14.46601552,144.4487843,barr1247,bpt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bpt, +3962,Bo,,-4.297861099,141.5878754,bopa1235,bpw,,PG,Pacific,Left May,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bpw,Po; Sorimi +3965,Biritai,,-2.92,137.68,biri1259,bqq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqq,Ati; Aliki; Biri +3966,Nadëb,,-1.9771,-67.0166,nade1244,mbj,"Some sources have a Nadëb branch composed of two languages. Martins and Martins (1999: 253) have a branch called “Nadëb-Kuyawi”, composed of Nadëb and Kuyawi; Campbell (2012:96) has a Nadëb branch that includes Roçado Nadëb and Rio Negro Nadëb; and Crevels (2012:185) has Kuyabi as a separate language from Nadëb. However Martins (2005:17-18) show that there are not two separate languages but two dialects, Nadëb do Roçado and Nadëb do Rio Negro (this latter one the same as Kuyawi. + +The Nadëb language can be divided into three dialects: the dialect of Bua-bua Parana in Lake Jutaí, the dialect of Roçado (Uneiuxi River with its highest concentration in the community of Roçado) and the Rio Negro dialect. The Rio Negro dialect is also known for Kuyawi (Matins 2005:18).",BR,South America,Nadehup,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbj,Nadobo; Nadëb; Nadeb Macu; Makú Nadëb; Makunadöbö; Anodöub; Kabori; Kabari; Xiriwai; Xuriwai; Nadöbo; Kaburí language area; Kaburi +3968,Lave,,14.1666666667,107.5,lave1249,brb,,VN LA KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brb,Brao; Braou; Brau; Proue; Brou; Love; Laveh; Rawe; Veh; Prou; Lue +3969,Berbice Creole Dutch,,5.33333333333,-58.0,berb1259,brc,,GY,South America,Pidgin or Creole,dormant,ISO 639-3,brc,Berbice Dutch +3970,Bieria,,-16.798039,168.186479,bier1246,brj,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,brj,Bieri; Vovo; Wowo +3971,Eastern Bru,,17.3333333333,106.0,east2332,bru,,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bru,Bru (Eastern); Bru; Brou; Van Kieu; Quang Tri Bru; Bruu; Moi-Cà-lò'; Baroo; Leu; Leung; Muong Leong; Tri; Quàngtri Vân Kiêu; Bru; Eastern +3972,Western Bru,,16.75,104.75,west2397,brv,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brv,Bru; Western; Bru (Western); Bruu; B'ru; Baru; Bru; Baroo; Brou; Leu; Leung; Muong Leong; Tri; Quàngtri Vân Kiêu +3974,Canela,,-7.0,-45.0,cane1242,ram,Ethnologue gives Canela as a separate language from Krinkati-Timbira (with dialects Krinkati [Karakati] and Timbira).,BR,South America,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ram,Canela; Canela-Krahô; Timbira; Krenjé; Krahó; Pukobyé; Kanela +3975,Xakriabá,,-14.5306,-44.0438,xakr1238,xkr,"Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xakriab%C3%A1_language) says Xakriabá has been extinct since 1864. The IBGE censo (2010) says there are 40 speakers in a population of 8,074 (almost certainly inaccurate for speaker numbers).",BR,South America,Jean,dormant,ISO 639-3,xkr,Chicriaba; Xacriabá; Chakriaba; Shacriaba; Chikriaba; Shakriabá +3978,Bashkardi,,32.0392,53.01374,bash1263,bsg,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsg,Bashaka +3979,Kati,,35.420967,71.292564,kati1270,bsh,,AF PK,South Asia; Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsh,Bashgali; Kativiri; Nuristani; Bašgalī +3981,Baga Sitemu,,10.5,-14.5,baga1272,bsp,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsp,Barka; Sitemuú; Tchitem; Stem Baga; Rio Pongo Baga; Baga; Temne +3982,Bayso,,6.4081,37.749,bais1246,bsw,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bsw,Baiso; Alkali; Gidicho; Gedicho +3984,Bateri,,34.9073,72.8675,bate1261,btv,,PK IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,btv,Bateri Kohistani; Batera Kohistani; Baterawal; Baterawal Kohistani; Dardu +3987,Bugawac,,-6.728658199,147.3600464,buga1250,buk,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,buk,Bukawa; Bukaua; Bukawac; Kawa; Kawac; Yom Gawac +3990,Mamaindé,,-11.8028,-59.8095,mama1278,wmd,"There is uncertainty in the literature about the classification of Nambikwaran languages and which varieties may be separate languages or are only dialects of a single language. It is also difficult to determine how language variety names match similar names among the sources. +Campbell (2012:99) has 5 Nambikwaran languages. Lowe (1999:269): “Nambiquara family consists of three languages”: Southern Nambiquara dialect complex, Mamainde/Nakarothe, and Sabanes. Price (1978) has three branches, Northern Nambikwaran, Southern Nambikwaran, and Sabané. The Northern Nambikwaran members are: Mamaindê, Negarotê, Tawandê, Latundê, and Lakondê. The Southern branch is divided in four dialect groups: Manduca (with the variants Siwaisu, Hunkutesu, Niyahlosu); Campo (with Kithãulhu, Wakalitesu, Halotesu, Sawentesu); Guaporé (with Hahãintesu, Waikisu, Alãntesu, Wasusu); and Sararé (also called Katitãulhu). +Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) has 6 languages: Sabanê [sae], Lakondê [lkd], Latundê [ltn], Mamaindé [wmd], Tawandê [xtw], and Nambikuára, Southern [nab]. +Note that Negarotê has sometimes been considered an independent Nambikwaran language; however, Anonby and Eberhard (2008) found 90% intelligibility between Negarotê and Mamaindê, showing Negarotê is not a distinct language, but a variant of Mamaindê. (Anonby, Stan and David Eberhard. 2008. ""A Survey of Three Northern Nambiquara Groups: The Mamaindê, Negarotê, and Latundê."" SIL Electronic Survey Report 2008-21.) +",BR,South America,Nambikwaran,endangered,ISO 639-3,wmd,Northern Nambikwara; Mamainde; Northern Nambikuára; Northern Nambikuaran; Kithāulhú; Northern Nambiquara +3995,Bati (Indonesia),,-3.61,130.81,bati1253,bvt,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvt,Gah +3996,Bwatoo,,-21.039,164.697,bwat1240,bwa,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bwa,Neukaledonien +3999,Belanda Bor,,6.4954,27.7404,bela1256,bxb,,SS,Africa,Nilotic,threatened,ISO 639-3,bxb,De Bor; Bor; Bor-Belanda +4001,Pela,,25.0638,98.2414,pela1242,bxd,,CN MM,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bxd,Bola; Bela; Pala; Polo; Pola; 波拉語; 波拉話 +4002,Ongota,,5.3207,37.2244,bira1253,bxe,,ET,Africa,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxe,"Birale; 'Ongota; Birelle; Ifa'ongota; ""Shanqilla""" +4003,Payungu,,-23.905927,114.783325,bayu1240,bxj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxj,Baijungo; Paiunggu; Baiong; Baiung; Biong; Bajungu; Pajungu; Giong; Mulgarnoo; Bayungu; Baiyungu +4004,Jalkunan,,10.57456,-5.352453,jalk1242,bxl,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxl,Dyala; Dyalanu; Jalkuna; Blé; Jelkuna; Jalakuna +4005,Katukina,,-5.6159,-68.7304,nucl1668,kav,"The number of distinct languages within Katukinan is not certain, and Katukina and Kanamarí may not be distinct languages. Campbell (2012:91) has Dyapá (dialects or languages) (also known as Southern Katukinan, Tshom-Djapá [Txunhuã-Djapá], Canamarí, Kanamarí) (perhaps the same as Tucundiapa (Tucano Dyapa, Hondiapa/Hon-Dyapá)]). +Aikhenvald and Dixon (1999: 343) have for Katukinan: Kanamarí, Katukina do Biá, Txunhuã-Djapá, and Katawixí. Adelaar (2007: 180) has two languages, Katawixi and Katukina Lato, which has three varieties: Kanamarí, +Katukina do Biá, and Tyohon Dyapa. +",BR,South America,Harakmbut-Katukinan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kav,Catuquina; Pidádiapá; Catuquino; Katukína; Katukina do Jutaí +4006,Eastern Buryat,,52.0,108.0,mong1330,bxm,,RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bxm,Mongolian Buriat; бурят-монгольский язык; buryaad xelen; буряад хэлэн; буриад аялгуу; бурятский язык; Northern Mongolian; Buriat; Buryat; Buriat-Mongolian; Mongolia Buriat; Bur:aad; Burjatisch +4007,Purduna,,-23.0093807,114.8292027,burd1238,bxn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bxn,Buduna; Boordoona; Bootena; Boruna; Budina; Budoona; Bu-tena; Poodena; Poordoona; Purduma; Pinneegooroo; Talandji-Buduna; Burduna +4008,Barikanchi,,12.0,8.0,bari1241,bxo,,NG,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,bxo, +4009,Maya,,-24.136728,113.41095,badi1246,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0qb,Maia; Miah; Majanna; Maja +401,Gooniyandi,,-18.26153435,126.2884882,goon1238,gni,,AU,Australia,Bunaban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,gni,Guniyandi; Guniandi; Gunian; Kunian; Kuniyan; Guniyan; Guniyn; Kunan; Koneyandi; Konejandi; Cowrana; Goonien; Gunan; Gunin; Gunyari; Konajan; Konean Konejandi; Konejanu; Kuniandu; Wadeawulu +4010,Bele,,10.217625,10.364777,beel1236,bxq,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxq,Beele; Àbéélé; Bellawa +4012,Western Buryat,,50.8336,109.5117,russ1264,bxr,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Mongolic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bxr,Russian Buriat; бурят-монгольский язык; buryaad xelen; буриад аялгуу; Buryat; Northern Mongolian; Burjatisch; буряад хэлэн; buriaad xelen +4014,Shanenawa,,-8.1014,-70.2129,shan1283,swo,"Fleck (2013:18) gives Shanenawa as a dialect of Yaminawa, as does Campbell (2012:101): Yaminawa (Pano-Tacanan, Panoan), with the dialects: Sharanawa, Yawanawa, Shanenawa [Katukina de Feijó], Shawanawa [Arara], Mastanawa, and Marinawa. Several of these are treated as independent languages in some sources. +Ethnologue (2013) treats Shanenawa as an unclassified language.",BR,South America,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,swo,Katukina Shanenawa +4015,Bankagooma,,11.4261,-5.6744,bank1258,bxw,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bxw,Banka; Bankagoma; Bankagoroma; Bankaje +4018,Bete,,7.016386,9.766867,bete1261,byf,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,byf, +4019,Bayono,,-5.22,139.62,bayo1260,byl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Bayono-Awbono,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,byl, +4020,Bidjara,,-25.30623867,147.1137388,bidy1243,bym,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bym,Bitjara; Bithara; Bidjera; Minkabari; Peachera; Peechera; Pitjara; Pitteroo; Wilya; Bidyara +4021,Bará,,0.333333333333,-70.25,waim1255,bao,"Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) say that ""Bará"" is pejorative; their primary name for the language is Waimaha [bao].",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bao,Waimaha; Waimaja; Bará; Northern Barasano; Barasano; Waípinõmakã; Bará-Tuyuka +4023,Bisu,,19.75,100.0,bisu1244,bzi,"Closely related to Laomian and the Lawpan variety of Sinsali, less so to the rest of Sinsali, Cong, and Sangkong; together these languages form the Bisoid subgroup of Southern Loloish (Bradley 2007).",CN MM TH LA,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzi,Mbisu; Misu; Mibisu; Mbi; Laopin; Lawa; Lua; Pin; 畢蘇語; 米蘇語; 米畢蘇語 +4024,Barasano,,-0.166666666667,-70.6666666667,bara1380,bsn,"Ethnologue gives Barasana-Eduria (bsn) (also called Southern Barasana), where Tukanoanists distinguish Barasano from Eduria (Taiwano) as distinct languages.",BR CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,,bsn,Barasana; Southern Barasano; Paneroa; Banera yae; Come masa; Comematsa; Edulia; Eduria; Hanera oka; Janera; Taibano; Taiwaeno; Taiwano +4025,Nicaragua Creole English,,12.010778,-83.771836,nica1252,bzk,,NI,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Pidgin or Creole,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bzk,Mískito Coast Creole English; Miskito Coast Creole (MCC); Nicaraguan Creole English +4026,"Boano (Maluku, Indonesia)",,-2.96,127.95,boan1242,bzn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzn,Buano +4027,Burmeso,,-2.48,138.2,burm1264,bzu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,bzu,Taurap; Borumeso; Boromeso; Borumesso; Burumeso; Monau; Monao; Manau; Borumessu +4029,Mirití,,0.58896,-69.7432,miri1270,mmv,Extinct?,BR,South America,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mmv,Miriti-Tapuyo; Neenoá +4045,Central Mnong,,12.5525,107.3011,cent1992,cmo,,VN KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cmo,Pnong; Mnong; Central; Phong; Phnong; Budong; Budang; Phanong; Bu Nong; Bunong; Central Mong; Penong; Biat; Biet; Bhiét +4047,Côông,,22.5943,102.7455,coon1239,cnc,,VN,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cnc,"""Xa Coong""; ""Xa Xam""; Khoong; ""Xa Xeng""; Công" +4050,Cornish,,50.3333333333,-5.0,corn1251,cor,"Cornish is a ""revived"" language; it once had no surviving native speakers, with the last known fluent speaker having passed away by the year 1800, but has been learned by many in more recent times. ",GB,Europe,Indo-European,awakening,ISO 639-3,cor,Kernowek; Kernewek; Curnoack; Cornish +4052,Raljago,,-16.2166666667,168.0,lonw1238,crc,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,crc,Lonwolwol; Craig Cove; Fali; Fanting; West Ambrym +4053,Chaura,,7.9504,93.576,chau1258,crv,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,crv,Chowra; Tutet; Tətet; Kar Nicobar-Chowra; Tətɛt; Tatet; Sanenyo +4056,Sierra Miwok,,37.962,-120.2384,,,Central Sierra Miwok has the subdialects: West Central; East Central. Northern Sierra Miwok has the subdialects: Fiddletown; Ione; West Point; Camanche. Southern Sierra Miwok has the subdialects: Yosemite; Mariposa; Southern.,US,North America,Utian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,csm; nsq; skd,Central Sierra Miwok: Tuolumne; Central Sierra Miwok; Northern Sierra Miwok: Seroushamne; Northern Sierra Miwok; Southern Sierra Miwok: Southern Sierra Miwok; Mewoc; Miwoc; Talatui; Talutui; Mokélumne; Moquelumnan; San Raphael; Me-Wuk; Yosemite; Meewoc; Sawos +4057,Hanis,,43.5,-124.166666667,coos1249,csz,,US,North America,Coosan,dormant,ISO 639-3,csz,Coos; Coos (Hanis); Anasitch +4058,Western Highland Chatino,,16.25,-97.25,west2644,ctp,"Ethnologue has 6 Chatino ""languages""; INALI also has 6 Chatino ""variantes.""",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ctp,Chatino (Sierra Occidental); Chatino; Western Highland; Chatino de la Zona Alta Occidental; Cha't-An; Sierra Occidental Chatino +4059,Chhulung,,26.9483,87.2527,chhu1238,cur,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cur,Chilling; Chɨlɨng; Chulung; Chholung; Chhilling; Chhûlûng Rûng; Chülüng +4060,Chukwa,,27.36,86.98,chuk1270,cuw,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cuw,Cukwa Ring; Pohing; Pohing Kha +4061,Lower Central Chinantec,,17.772269,-96.310469,vall1253,cvn,"Chinantecan is a subfamily with several languages; Ethnologue has 14 Chinantec languages; INALI has 11 Chinantec ""variantes."" [cvn] is Ethnologue's Valle Nacional Chinantec. Other Chinantec languages, Central Chinantec and Sierra Chinantec, are also spoken in San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional, so the same ISO code corresponds to all three languages (Sierra and Central each correspond to several ISO codes).",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cvn,Chinanteco central bajo; Chinantec; Chinanteko; Chinanteco; Valle Nacional Chinantec; j+g dsa k+; j+g ki tsomän; jumi dsa iin+n +4062,Kuwaataay,,12.4204,-16.7596,kuwa1246,cwt,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cwt,Kwatay +4064,Dahalo,,-2.2625,40.7537,daha1245,dal,"Also known as Sanye, the preferred name since the name Dahalo is derogatory. (Dimmendaal and Voeltz 2007)",KE,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,dal,Sanye; Guo Garimani +4065,Dhay'yi,,-13.0255,136.213856,dayi1244,dax,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dax,Dayi; Dha'i; Daii; Dalwango; Dalwongu; Darlwongo; Dha?i; Dhalwangu; Dha'yi; Dhayyi; Djarlwa:g; Djawark; Taii Tai +4066,Dao,,-3.29,136.42,daoo1238,daz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,daz,"Maniwo; ""X-Ray""" +4067,Dabe,,-2.05,139.12,dabe1239,dbe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Orya-Tor,endangered,ISO 639-3,dbe,Mangambilis +4069,Jaru,,-18.5244,127.5825,jaru1254,ddj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,ddj; jaru1254,Djaru; Jaroo; Tjaru; Wawari; Dyaru; Charrau; Deharu; Djara; Djaro; Jarrau; Jarroo; Jarrou; Jaruo; Jaruru; Ka:biri; Karbery; Kodjangana; Meening; Neening; Nining; Njinin; Njining; Nyinin; Ruby Creek; Waringari; Waiangara +4070,Dem,,-3.72,137.63,demm1245,dem,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dem,Lem; Ndem +4071,Deori,,26.0,90.25,deor1238,der,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,der,Chutia; Deuri; Chutiya; Dewri; Drori; Dari; Deori Chutiya +4076,Dhimal,,26.6192,87.4635,dhim1246,dhi,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dhi,Dhīmāl +4077,Thalanyji,,-22.847071,113.816528,dhal1245,dhl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dhl,Dalandji; Dalendi; Djalendi; Dalaindji; Dalangi; Talandji; Talanji; Talanjee; Talaindji; Talainji; Tallainji; Tal-lainga; Tallainga; Talandi; Talangee; Taloinga; Thalantji; Inikurdira; Jinigudira; Jinigudera; Jinigura; Jiniguri; Jarungura; Talandji-Buduna; Taliandji; Dhalandji +4078,Tharrkari,,-24.322071,114.8172,dhar1247,dhr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dhr,Targari; Dal'gari; Tarkarri; Thargari; Tharrgari; Tarugari; Dargari; Tarkari; Dalgari; Tarl-garri; Dhargari +4079,Dhaiso,,-5.0745,38.4741,dhai1238,dhs,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dhs,Kidhaiso; Daiso; Daisu; Kiseguju +4080,Dhanwar,,26.9661,86.3223,koch1253,dhw,,NP,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dhw,Dhanvar; Danuwar Rai; Danuwar; Denwar; Danuvār +4082,Dilling,,12.050904,29.652858,dill1242,dil,,SD,Africa,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dil,Delen; Warki; Warkimbe; Debri; Nubian (Hill) +4084,Aveteian,,-16.33,167.52,dixo1238,dix,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dix,Dixon Reef +4085,Diuwe,,-5.13,139.46,diuw1238,diy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,diy, +4086,Djinba,,-12.35852096,135.1458759,djin1252,djb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,djb,Jinba; Djimba; Outjanbah; Dyinba; Ganalbwingu; Kurkamarnapia +4087,Djangun,,-16.91051,144.93245,djan1238,djf,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,djf,Adho-Adhom; Butju; Changunberries; Chungki; Chunkumberries; Chunkunberry; Chunkunburra; Djandnandi; Djankun; Djungan; Dyangun; Dyangunbari; Gugu Djangun; Gugu Dyangun; Jangun Djanggun; Koko-Mudju; Kokomutju; Kokotjangun; Koko-Tyankun; Kuu Jangkun; Mutju; Mutyu; Ngaigungo; Ngaikungo; Ngaikungo-I; Ngaikungu; Shanganburra +4088,Jiwarli,,-23.403034,115.1339619,djiw1241,dze,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dze,Djwarli; Tjiwarli; Djiwali; Dyiwarli; Guwari; Jivali; Jiwali; Juwali; Kuwari; Tcheewarlee; Tivali; Tjiwali; Tci-warli; Thiin; Te:n; Teen; Tenma; Djiwarli +4090,Jawi,,-16.4151748,123.191145,djaw1238,djw,"The Jawi language is very close to Bardi these days, differing mostly in the use of some words; however, there is some evidence that it used to be more different, and the two varieties converged over the course of the 20th Century.",AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,djw,Djaui; Towahi; Tohawi; Ewenu; Ewenyoon; Chowie; Djaoi; Djau; Dyao; Dyawi; Ewanji; Ewenyun; I:wanja; Jarrau; Tohau-i; Djawi +4091,Dakpa,,27.3937,91.8965,dakp1242,dka,,IN BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dka,Dakpakha +4092,Domaaki,,36.216,74.651,doma1260,dmk,"Dawudi is the preferred name within the community. ""Doma"" and related terms are pejorative and should be avoided. ",PK,South Asia,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dmk,"Dawudi; Dumaki; Dumākī; ""Doma""; Dardu" +4093,Dameli,,35.466,71.81,dame1241,dml,The Dameli have long been in intense contact with speakers of other languages. Dameli exhibits both Nuristani and Indo-Aryan Dardic features (Habib Borjian). ,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dml,Damēlī; Damel; Damedi; Damia; Gudoji; Dardu +4094,Dumpas,,5.967444,117.360686,dump1242,dmv,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,dmv,Doompas +4095,Daonda,,-3.29588294,141.2018433,daon1243,dnd,,PG,Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,dnd, +4096,Dungan,,42.4518,78.4643,dung1253,dng,,UZ KG TJ TM KZ,Near East,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dng,Dzhunyan; Tungan; Huizu; Zwn'jan; Kwuizwu; 東干語 +4103,Dair,,12.107138,30.143623,dair1239,drb,,SD,Africa,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,drb,Daier; Thaminyi; Nubian (Hill) +4104,Darma,,30.0,79.75,darm1243,drd,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,drd,Darmiya; Darimiya; Sauka; Shauka; Darmani; Saukas; Shaukas; Dārmūyā; Darmiyā +4105,Dolpo,,29.2193,83.0676,dolp1239,dre,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,dre,Phoke Dolpa; Dolpa Tibetan; Dolpike; D'ölpo +4106,Darkhat,,50.171,98.985,dark1243,,,MN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,drh (retired),Darkhan; Darkhad; 達爾扈特; 達爾哈特 +4108,Darai,,24.0,84.0,dara1250,dry,,NP,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,dry, +4109,Lower Sorbian,,51.75,14.3333333333,lowe1385,dsb,,DE,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,dsb,Sorbian; Sorbian (Lower); Lusatian; Wendish; Lower Lusatian; Low Sorbian; Lower Wendish; Dolna Lužica; Southern Lusatian; Saxon Lusatian; Lower Sorbian; Niedersorbisch; Bas Sorabe; Dolnoserbski; Delnoserbski; Wendisch; Sorbian; Lower +4113,Dumi,,27.25,86.6666666667,dumi1241,dus,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dus,Rai; Dumi Bo'o; Dumi Bro; Ro'do Bo'; Lsi Rai; Sotmali +4115,Jabirr-Jabirr,,-17.55866,122.495732,dyab1238,dyb,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dyb,Jabirrjabirr; Dyaberdyaber; Djaberdjaber; Djaberadjaber; Djabirdjabir; Dyabir-Dyabir; Djaberadjabera; Tjabartjabara; Tjabiratjabir; Tjabirtjabira +4117,Dhanggati,,-30.94350452,152.1724551,dyan1250,dyn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dyn,Djan-Gadi; Dainggati; Boorkutti; Dangadi; Dangati; Danggadi; Danggetti; Ghangatty; Thangatti; Amberu; Burgadi; Burrgati; Burugardi; Daingatti; daNati; Dang-getti; Danghetti; Dhangatty; Dhang-atty; Dhanggatti; Dhungutti; Djaingadi; Djangadi; Dunghutti; Dunggudi; Himberrong; Jang; Macleay Valley language; Ngaku; Nulla Nulla; Tangetti; Tang-gette; Thangatty; Thungatti; Yung; Yunggai; Danggali; Dangali; Tungarlee; Tongaranka; Dianggati; Dyangadi; Thanggatti; Thanggati +4118,Djabugay,,-16.82350711,145.5840818,dyaa1242,dyy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dyy,Dyabugay; Tjapukai; Bulum-Bulum; Check-Cull; Chewlie; Djabugai; Hileman; Kodgotto; Kikonjunkulu; Kokonyungalo; Koko-Tjumbundji; Ngarlkajie; Orlow; Tjabakai-Thandji; Tjabogaijanji; Tjankir; Tjankun; Tjapunkandji; Tjunbundji; Barron River dialect; Binggu; Dyabugai; Dyabugandyi; Koko-tjumbun; Tjapukandji; Tjapukanja; Tjabogaitjandji; Tajbogaijanji; Kokonjunkulu; Kokoyungalo; Njakali; Nyakali; Dyaabugay +4119,Tunzu,,10.033333,9.1,tunz1235,dza,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dza,Dugusa; Duguza +4120,Eitiep,,-3.520083904,142.5982513,eiti1240,eit,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,eit,Endangen; Indiang +4122,El Hugeirat,,12.3131,28.4243,elhu1238,elh,,SD,Africa,Nubian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,elh,El Hagarat; Nubian (Hill) +4123,Nding,,10.4121,30.6024,ndin1245,eli,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,eli,Eliri +4124,El Molo,,2.7212,36.7326,elmo1238,elo,,KE,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,elo,"Elmolo; Fura-Pawa; Ldes; Dehes; ""Ndorobo""" +4126,Elu,,-2.0,147.1,eluu1241,elu,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,elu,Admiralitäts-inseln +4127,Eastern Meohang,,27.5441,87.1401,east2357,emg,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,emg,Rai; Newang; Newahang; Newange Rai; Newahang Jimi; Mewahang; Jindā; Meohang; Eastern +4130,Forest Enets,,68.6836,86.2727,fore1265,enf,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,enf,Bai Enets; Pe-Bae; лесной энецкий; Yenisei Samoyed; онаь базаан; ona' bazaan; enetj; enets; Yenisey; пэ-бай; Jenissei-Dialekt; Baicha-Dialekt; Jenisei; Enets; Jenisej-Samojedisch; Enzisch; Yenisey Samoyedic; iénisséi; enete; èncy; Yensisei-Samoyed; Yenisei Samoyedic; Yenisei Somoyed; Enec; Yenets; Yenisey-Samoyedic; Eńeć; Samojedi; Samojedimanzela; enyec nyelv; enetsin kieli +4131,Erohwa,,5.155231,6.034824,eruw1238,erh,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,erh,Eruwa; Erakwa; Arokwa +4132,Erre,,-12.580519,133.06175,erre1238,err,,AU,Australia,Giimbiyu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,err,Ere; Ari; Erei; Arra +4133,Ersu,,28.966069,102.771749,ersu1241,ers,"Note that is entry only contains information on Ersu (eastern Ersu). + +Documentation project “Ersu and Xumi: Comparative and Cross-Varietal Documentation of Highly Endangered Languages of South-West China” by CNRS-CRLAO (France), Sichuan Minorities Institute, and Xichang College, supported by the Endangered Languages Documentation Programme (grant number MPD0257), 2013-2016. +",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ers,爾蘇語 +4135,Eshtehardi,,35.73,50.37,esht1238,esh,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,esh, +4142,Even,,67.6593,134.6594,even1260,eve,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Tungusic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,eve,Lamut; Orich; Ilqan; Ewen; Eben; lama-dī; Ewenische; Lamutische; Northeastern Tungus; Tungusisabatschi; Lamuti; эвенский язык; ламутский язык; эвэды торэн; eved'i toren +4144,Fali of Baissa,,7.0,10.0,bais1242,fah,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fah, +4147,Kven Finnish,,69.38,29.54,kven1236,fkv,"""There have been some controversies and official debates about the Kven minority, its status +and their language in Norway since the 1980s. The main questions have concerned the +status of the Kven language as an independent language and the language used in schools +and higher education (Anttonen 1999)... When the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages came into force in Norway in 1998, the language of the Kvens was defined as Kven/Finnish, but in 2005 the denomination was changed to 'the Kven language'."" (Räisänen & Kunnas 2012)",NO,Europe,Uralic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,fkv,North Fennic; North Finnish; Kven +4148,Kalispel-Spokane-Pend d'Oreille-Salish,,47.5944,-114.1182,,,"Because four separate groups are represented, entering their language under a single name is problematic. However, the varieties used by each tribe are mutually intelligible with few dialectal differences, so their languages are represented with one entry here. + +Ethnologue has 2 languages here, Kalispel-Pend d’Oreille [fla] and Spokane [spo].",US,North America,Salishan,severely endangered,,fla; spo,"Nqlispélišcn; Kalispel; Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille; Kalispel-Pend D'oreille; Kalispel-Flathead; ""Flathead""-Kalispel; Salish; Montana Salish-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Montana Salish-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Séliš; Spokane-Kalispel-Flathead; Qalispé; Flathead-Kalispel-Spokane; Spokan; Montana Salish-Kalispel-Spokane; Flathead-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Montana Salish-Pend d'Oreille-Spokane; Spokane-Kalispel-Flathead; Npoqínišcn; Spokane; Flathead; Selish" +4149,Foau,,-3.05,139.21,foau1240,flh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,flh,Doa +4150,Flinders Island,,-14.17091978,144.2456751,flin1247,fln,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fln,Yalgawarra; Wurima; Mutumui; Walmbaria; Gambilmugu +4155,Carolinian,,15.2,145.75,caro1242,cal,,MP,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,cal,Saipan Carolinian; Southern Carolinian; Sprache der Marianen; Karolinian +4156,Chácobo,,-11.78,-66.35,chac1251,cao,"Ethnologue (2009, 2016) lists Shinabo [snh] as an separate Panoan language related to Chákobo (Chácobo), listed as unattested; others consider it a variety of Chákobo. +Several sources distinguish Chácobo [cao] and Pacahuara [pcp] (Pacaguara, Pakaguara, Pakawara, Pacawara); however, they are dialects of a single language (Fleck 2013).",BO,South America,Pano-Tacanan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cao,Chákobo; Chacobo; Shinabo; Chakobo-Pakawara +4157,Car Nicobarese,,9.0,93.0,carn1240,caq,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,caq,Nicobarese (Car); Pu; Car; Car Nicobarese; Kar Nicobar-Chowra; Car Nikobar; Puː; Nicobarese; Car +4159,Kasanga,,12.2702,-16.1553,kasa1248,ccj,,GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ccj,Cassanga; Kassanga; I-Hadja; Haal +4160,Choni,,34.5947,103.5653,chon1285,cda,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,cda,Chona; Chone; Cone; Jone; 卓尼話 +4161,Centúúm,,9.88904,11.751045,cent2045,cet,,NG,Africa,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,cet,Cen Tuum; Jalaa +4163,Highland Chontal,,16.25,-95.75,high1242,chd,"c.3,000 speakers (LC)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Tequistlatecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,chd,Chontal; Chontal of Oaxaca; Chontal (Highland); Chontal de Oaxaca (Sierra); Tequistlateco; Highland Oaxaca Chontal; Mountain Tequistlatec +4167,Chinook Wawa,,45.0591,-123.6091,chin1272,chn,"A pidgin (trade language), formerly used from Oregon to Alaska.",US CA,North America,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,chn,Chinook Jargon; Chinook Pidgin; Chinuk Wawa; Jargon; činúk wáwa +4169,Chiapanec,,16.192264,-92.795103,chia1262,cip,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,dormant,ISO 639-3,cip,Chiapaneco; Chiapaneko +4171,Southwestern Ojibwa,,47.6666666667,-92.5,chip1241,ciw,"Ojibwayan is a dialect complex, varieties of which are spoken in a large number of communities in the north-central United States, and in Canada from Alberta to Quebec. At least 7 regional dialects or emergent languages can be distinguished: Severn Ojibwe, Northern Algonquin, Saulteaux, Central Southern Ojibwe (Anishinaabemowin), Eastern Ojibwe (including Southern Algonquin), Ottawa (Odawa), and Old Algonquin. The first two are classified as Northern Ojibwe, and the rest as Southern Ojibwe. +Ethnologue has Chippewa (Southwestern Ojibwa). For others, Central Southern Ojibwa is an emergent language of the Ojibwayan dialect complex. Different groups refer to themselves and their language as Ojibwe, Ojibway, Chippewa, Chippeway, and Anishinabe, but local varieties do not differ substantially. ",US,North America,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ciw,Ojibwe (Minnesota); Ojibwa; Ojibway; Ojibwe; Chippeway; Chippewa; Chipewa; Chipeway; Anishinabe +4172,Chaima,,8.4941,-64.0942,chai1253,,"Some sources treat Cumanagoto [cuo], Chaima [ciy], and Cumaná (Kumaná) as separate languages. +Gildea (2012: 445) gives Kumaná as extinct, with Chaima and Cumanagota as extinct varieties of Kumaná. Crevels (2012:220) distinguishes Chaima and Kumanagoto. +Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) also has Chaima [ciy] distinct from Cumanagoto [cuo], both members of a ""Cumaná"" branch. +Crevels (2012) also distinguishes Piritugoto, with 50 speakers, saying ""further research is necessary to establish the degree to which it is still spoken and its exact classification within the Cariban family."" However, no linguistic data has been published on it (la lengua de los indios de Piritu) since the 17th century, and the current Chaima area coincides with that reported for the Piritu(goto). This suggests this is just an alternative name or a now extinct dialect. +",BR VE GY SR GF,South America,,,,ciy; cuo,Chaima: Chayma; Guaga-Tagare; Sayma; Warapiche; Kumaná; Cumaná; Cumanagoto +4173,Eastern Cham,,11.562,108.994,east2563,cjm,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cjm,Phan Rang Cham; Cham; Cham (Eastern); Tjam; Chiem; Chiem Thành; Bhamam; Bình Thuân +4174,Chenapian,,-4.273582935,142.2684479,chen1259,cjn,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,cjn,Tsenap; Zenap; Chenap +4176,Kavalan,,24.6,121.85,kava1241,ckv,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ckv,Kuwarawan; Kiwarawa; Kuvarawan; Kibalan; Kiwaraw; Kuvalan; Kavarauan; Kvalan; Shekwan; Cabaran; Kabalan; Kabaran; Kamalan; Kavanan; Kbalan; Sprache von Formosa; 噶瑪蘭語 +4178,Chilisso,,35.280275,73.295122,chil1275,clh,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,clh,Chiliss; Galos; Dardu; Chiliso +4179,Kera'a,,28.6496,95.8419,idum1241,clk,,IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,clk; idum1241,"Idu-Mishmi; Idu; Midu; Lho-Pa; ""Chulikata""; ""Chulikotta""; Ida; Midhi; Yidu Luoba; Chulikatta; Idu Mishmi; Chulikātā Mishmi; Neda; Methun; Bebejiya; 義都語; 珞巴" +4181,Kiai,,-15.403194,166.86002,fort1240,frt,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,frt,Fortsenal +4182,Ko,,10.6714,30.8386,kooo1244,fuj,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fuj,Kau; Fungor; Fungur +4184,Alekano,,-6.066817,145.39135,alek1238,gah,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gah,Gahuku; Gafuku; Gahuku-Gama; Zo'maga +4186,Gta',,18.2293,82.727,gata1239,gaq,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gaq,Gataʔ; Gata'; Gataq; Getaq; Didei; Didey; Didayi; Dire; Geta'; Gta'; Gta Asa +4188,Mudhili Gadaba,,18.3858,82.7819,mudh1235,gau,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gau,Kondekor Gadaba; Kondekor; Gadaba; Mudhili; Gadaba; Gol Gadaba; Salur Ollar Gadaba; Kondekar; Kondkor; Salur Gadba; Salur +4189,Kaytetye,,-20.61525316,134.235744,kayt1238,gbb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbb,Kaiditj; Kaititj; Gaididj; Kaititja; Kaitije; Katitja; Katitcha; Katitya; Kaitish; Kaddakie; Kadda-kie; Kaitidji; Kaitiji; Kaititje; Katitch-a; Kat-titch-a; Kat-tit-ya; Kaytej +4190,Garrwa,,-16.070005,136.309758,gara1269,wrk,,AU,Australia,Garrwan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,wrk,Karrwa; Garawa; Karawa; Leearrawa; Gaarwa; Karwa; Karrawar; Kurrawar; Korrawa; Karrwaz; Garuwa; Grawa; Kariwa; Leearawa; Wollongorang; Wulungwara +4191,Karajarri,,-18.71361155,122.0338064,kara1476,gbd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gbd,Karrajarri; Garadjiri; Garadyari; Guradjara; Gard'are; Karatjarri; Karadjari; Garadjeri; Karadhari; Garadjara; Laradjeri; Naudu; Nadja; Nadjanadja; Kularupulu; Nawudu; Nawurungainj; Minala; Karadjeri +4193,Gaddi,,32.4912,76.8383,gadd1242,gbk,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,gbk,Bharmauri Bhadi; Pahari Bharmauri; Panchi Brahmauri Rajput; Gaddyali; Gadiali; Gadi +4194,Mo'da,,6.5008,29.9377,moda1242,gbn,,SS,Africa,Central Sudanic,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbn,Gberi; Gweri; Gbara; Muda +4195,Gagudju,,-12.514603,132.647017,gaga1251,gbu,,AU,Australia,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,gbu,Abedal; Abiddul; Arwur; Auwur; Awoy; Gagadju; Gagadu; Gagadyu; Gaguju; Ka:ka:dju; Kakadju; Kakadu; Kakaju; Kakakta; Kakata; Kakatu; Kakdju; Kakdjuan; Kakudju; Karkadoo; Katata; A:rwu:r; Abdedal; Awur; Gaagudju +4196,Zoroastrian Dari,,31.805181,54.466658,zoro1242,gbz,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbz,"Dari; ""Gabri""; ""Gabar""; ""Yazdi""; Gabri; Yazdi; Dari; Zoroastrian; Behdinan dialect" +4197,Ganggalida,,-17.019031,138.229847,gang1267,gcd,,AU,Australia,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gcd,Mainland; Engarilla; Eugoola; Ganggalita; Iukala; Jakula; Jogula; Jokal; Jokala; Jokul; Jokula; Jugul; Jugula; Jugulda; Jungulda; Kanggaleida; Kangkalita; Yangarella; Yokula; Yookala; Yugulda; Yukala; Yukula; Yukulta; Southern Tangkic; Yukulta-Nguburindi; Mainland Tangkic; Ganggalidda +4198,Pottangi Ollar Gadaba,,18.75,83.5,pott1240,gdb,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gdb,Ollar Gadaba; Ollari; Ollaro; Hallari; Allar; Hollar Gadbas; San Gadaba; Gadba; Sano; Kondekar; Kondkor; Pottangi Gadba; Pottangi; Gadaba; Pottangi Ollar +4199,Gugu-Badhun,,-18.96002008,143.2350126,gugu1253,gdc,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdc,Kokopatun; Patun; Koko Padun; Koko-Patun; Koko Patun; Gugu Badhun +4200,Gajirrabeng,,-14.99,128.85,gadj1243,gdh,,AU,Australia,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdh,Gadjerong; Kajirrawung; Gadyerong; Gadyerrong; Gajirrawoong; Gajirrabeng; Gadjarawang; Ginmu; Kadjarong; Kadjerawang; Kadjeroen; Kadjerong; Kujera; Gadjerawang +4201,Kurtjar,,-17.31160269,141.6480703,gurd1238,gdj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gdj,Kurtjjar; Kurrtyar; Gurdyar; Gunggara; Kuritjari; Kutjar; Koonkurri; Ungorri; Gilbert River tribe; Gurdjar; Ikarranggal +4202,Mehri,,21.43,51.15,mehr1241,gdq,,YE OM KW,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,gdq,Mehrī; Mahri; Meḥri +4203,Geruma,,10.206,9.27,geru1240,gea,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gea,Gerumawa; Gerema; Germa +4204,Kukatj,,-18.04972881,141.088921,guga1239,ggd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ggd,Kukatji; Konggada; Kalibamu; Gugadj +4207,Eastern Gurung,,28.275,84.1782,east2345,ggn,The new ISO code change resulted in the inclusion of Eastern Gurung into Western Gurung (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/cr_files/639-3_ChangeRequests_2015_Summary.pdf).,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ggn,Gurung; Gurnung; Eastern; Gurung; Eastern +421,Baba Malay,,1.75,103.08,baba1267,mbf,"According to Lee (2014), it is still disputed whether Baba Malay is a creole because it lacks lots of things considered by many scholars necessary for a language to fit the definition of a creole language. Baba Malay may be a mixed language, a simplified trade language, or perhaps a real creole.",MY SG,Southeast Asia,,,ISO 639-3,mbf,Chinese Malay; Baba; Straits Malay; Bahasa Peranakan; Malay; Baba +4210,Gija,,-17.72282433,127.6836782,kitj1240,gia,,AU,Australia,Jarrakan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,gia; kitj1240,Gidja; Kidja; Kija; Kitja; Ku:tji; Kuitji; Kuitj; Gi:dj; Kwitj; Gwidji; Guidj; Guwidji; Kisah; Keha; Kisha; Kityu; Liej; Lungga; Longga; Loonga; Langgu; Lunga; Lungu; Paljarri; Djarak; Tjarak; War-ingari; Warrangari; Kutnalawaru; Miwa; Walki; Kitja +4211,Gibanawa,,12.22,4.38,giba1240,gib,,NG,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,gib,Gembanawa; Gimbanawa; Jega +4213,Gitsenimx̱,,55.355,-127.6828,gitx1241,git,,CA,North America,Tsimshian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,git,Gitksan; Gitsanimx̱; Gitksanimx; Gitxsan; Gitxsen; Hazelton; Giklsan; Gityskyan; Gyitska'n; Interior; Nass-Gitksan +4214,Giyug,,-13.2,130.09,giyu1238,giy,,AU,Australia,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,giy, +4215,Guya,,-5.704599857,146.4853973,guya1251,gka,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,gka,Guiarak; Guyarak +4225,Northern Tujia,,28.828,109.5904,nort2732,tji,Northern Tujia [tji] and Southern Tujia [tjs] are not mutually intelligible. ,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tji,Tuchia; Tudja; Tujia; Tujia; Northern; Biji; Bizhi; Bizhika; 土家語; 北部土家語 +4226,Koro (Vanuatu),,-14.3242,167.4728,koro1308,krf,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,krf, +4227,Gamberre,,-14.294386,126.711653,gamb1251,gma,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gma,Gamberre; Gambere; Gambre; Northern Language; Gamgre; Guwan; Kambera; Kambre; Kambure; Gambera +4230,Gangte,,24.1968,93.587,gang1266,gnb,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gnb,Gante +4231,Lere,,10.037824,9.089607,lere1241,gnh,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gnh, +4232,Kokota,,-8.0347,159.1781,koko1269,kkk,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kkk, +4235,Gana,,5.435442,116.178317,gana1277,gnq,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,gnq,Ganaq; Gana'; Minansut; Keningau Dusun +4239,Gozarkhani,,36.335053,50.720969,goza1238,goz,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,goz, +4240,Guruntum,,9.900878,9.765803,guru1271,grd,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grd,Guruntum-Mbaaru; Gurdung; Tala; Gùrdùŋ; Gùrùntùm +4241,Madi,,-4.5,144.6,madi1261,grg,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,grg,Gira; Girara +4242,Guriaso,,-3.57,141.6,guri1248,grx,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,grx,Menóu +4246,Guatuso,,10.75,-84.73,male1297,gut,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gut,Maléku Jaíka; Watuso-Wétar; Güetar; Guetar; Watuso +4248,Yanomamö,,2.0,-64.0,yano1261,guu,,BR VE,South America,Yanomaman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,guu,Guaicá; Shamateri; Guaharibo; Guajaribo; Yanomamɨ; Yamomame; Guaica; Yanomaman language area; Yanomame; Yanomami; Shamatari; Cobari Kobali; Cobariwa; Yanomani; Yanomamï; Shamatri; Shaathari +4249,Gurmana,,10.075,6.8499,gurm1246,gvm,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvm, +4250,Kuku-Yalanji,,-15.8148,144.9316,kuku1273,gvn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gvn,Guguyalanji; Koko-Yalanji; Kuku-Yalangi; Gugu-Yalandyi; Booroorar; Cangoora; Chokonara; Cuegudira; Djiling; Gugu-Jalandji; Gugu-Yalandji; Gugu-Yalanji; Gumbo; Gumbu; Jal:a; Jelanji Jiling; Juliacara; Junkara; Kokalungie; Koko Yerlandji; Koko-yalanji; Kuku Yalandji; Kokoyellanji; Koko-Yerlandji; Kokoyerlantji; Kokolerlantchi; Gugu Yalandyi; Koko Jelandji; Koko Walandja; Koko-Katji; Kuku Yalanji +4251,Western Gurung,,28.3333333333,84.3333333333,guru1261,gvr,The new ISO code change resulted in the inclusion of Eastern Gurung into Western Gurung (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/cr_files/639-3_ChangeRequests_2015_Summary.pdf).,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gvr,Gurung; Tamu Kyi; Gurnung; Gurung; Western +4254,Gweno,,-3.7135,37.6501,gwen1239,gwe,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwe,Kigweno; Ghonu; Kighonu +4255,Gowro,,35.157472,73.141853,gowr1239,gwf,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwf,Gabaro; Gabar Khel; Dardu +4256,Gawar-Bati,,35.310503,71.550815,gawa1247,gwt,,AF PK,South Asia; Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gwt,Gawar-bātī; Narisātī; Narsātī; Gawar-bati; Gowar-Bati; Gowari; Narsati; Narisati; Arandui; Satre; Dardu +4257,Guwamu,,-28.02423918,147.6605303,guwa1243,gwu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gwu,Koamu; Kooma; Kuamu; Kuam; Guamu; Oamu; Kaombal; Guwa; Koambal +4258,Kanowit-Tanjong,,2.087396,112.165452,kano1244,kxn,"Note: Tanjong/Tanjung may in fact be considered a language separate from Kanowit, but further research is needed. ",MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kxn,Kanowit +4259,Gyem,,10.3865,9.3122,gyem1238,gye,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gye,Gyemawa; Gema; Gemawa; Gyam +4260,Gungabula,,-25.88011934,148.6271626,gung1248,gyf,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyf,Kongabula; Ongabula; Khungabula; Kungabula +4261,Gunya,,-27.64957662,145.9658542,guny1241,gyy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gyy,Kunja; Gu:nja; Kurnja +4262,Gazi,,34.034319,49.454314,gazi1243,gzi,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,gzi, +4263,Gurani,,35.75,45.5,gura1251,hac,,IR IQ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hac,Howrami; Hawrami; Hewrami; Hawramani; Gorani; Macho; Awromani +4265,Hinduri,,31.0011,77.3107,hind1267,hii,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,hii,Handuri +4266,Himarimã,,-6.2,-64.5,hima1247,hir,"It was through oral reports, for instance, that most of the information known about the Hi-Merimã, who live the region of the mid-Piranha River, between the Juruá and the Purus rivers, in the State of Amazonas, was obtained. In 1943, this Indian group, which became known for their conflicts with neighboring populations, was estimated as having more than 1,000 individuals. No one knows how many they are today: the Hi-Merimã rejected any contact with the encroaching society, and even with other Indians, with whom they maintain, even today, hostile relations. (Povos Indígenas no Brasil, https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/c/no-brasil-atual/quem-sao/Indios-isolados, accessed 06-07-2016. + +Some sources have estimated 40 in the group, but how this number was reached is uncertain.",BR,South America,,,ISO 639-3,hir,Hi-Merimã; Hi-Marimã; Maimã +4267,Hiw,,-13.1343,166.5671,hiww1237,hiw,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,hiw,Hiu; Torres; Torres Island +4270,Hoava,,-8.1883,157.6036,hoav1238,hoa,"Hoava and Kusaghe (ksg) are sometimes considered separate languages (see Ethnologue, based on data gathered in 1999) but Davis (2003) shows cognate percentages near 90%% and reports mutual ineligibility.",SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,hoa,Hoava-Kusaghe +4271,Hobyot,,17.22,52.83,hoby1242,hoh,,YE OM,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hoh,Habyot; Hobyót; Hobi; Hewbyót +4273,Hozo,,9.3352,34.53,hozo1236,hoz,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,hoz,Begi-Mao; Mao of Begi +4274,Hpon,,24.65,97.0666,hpon1238,hpo,,MM,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,dormant,ISO 639-3,hpo,Hpön; Phun; Phön; Phon; Megyaw; Samong; Hpun +4275,Hawai'i Sign Language,,21.63,-158.0,hawa1235,hps,,US,North America,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,hps,Hawaii Sign Language; Hawai'i Pidgin Sign Language; Pidgin Sign Language +4276,Hmwaveke,,-20.9665,164.7866,hmwa1243,mrk,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrk,Moaveke; Ceta; Faa Ceta; Neukaledonien +4278,Hruso,,27.1666,92.6312,hrus1242,hru,,IN,South Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,hru,Aka-Hruso; Ĝusso; Aka; Hrusso; Angka; Angkae; Tenae; Hruso B; Hrus(s)o; Angka(e); Gusso +4279,Harzani,,38.43,48.28,harz1239,hrz,"Harzani is spoken in the Galinghaya in the district of Zonuz, a rural area of the Marand sub-province. It's also spoken in the Babrastein, and Dash Harzand villages, where it originated. ",IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hrz,Harzandi +4280,Upper Sorbian,,51.5,14.0,uppe1395,hsb,,DE,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hsb,Sorbian; Sorbian (Upper); Eastern Sorbian; Upper Sorbian; Obersorbisch; Haut Sorabe; Upper Lusatian; Wendish; Hornjoserbski; Hornoserbski; Wendisch; Sorbian; Upper +4281,Ḥarsusi,,19.65,56.16,hars1241,hss,,OM,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,hss,Ḥarsūsī; Harsusi; Hersyet; Harsi `Aforit +4282,Minica Huitoto,,-1.0,-74.0,mini1256,hto,"""De los cuatro dialectos del Witoto, el dialecto Mɨnɨka es el que tiene mas hablantes (en la cuenca del río Igaraparaná), le sigue el dialecto Bue (cuenca del Caraparaná, río Putumayo, rio Ampiyacu y Trapecio Amazónico), luego el Nɨpode, en el Medio Caquetá, y por último el Mɨka, en el Alto Caquetá y río Orteguaza (afluente del Caquetá)."" (Juan Alvaro Echeverri Restrepo, personal communication, 2014.) + +[Of the four dialects of Witoto, the Mɨnɨka dialect is the one that has the most speakers (in Igaraparaná River basin), followed Bue dialect (Caraparana basin, Putumayo River, Ampiyacu River, and Amazon rain forest), then Nɨpode on the Middle Caquetá, and finally Mɨka on the Upper Caquetá and Orteguaza (tributary of the Caquetá).(Juan Alvaro Echeverri Restrepo, personal communication, 2014.)]",PE CO,South America,Witotoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,hto,Minica; Mɨnɨca; Mɨnɨka; Uitoto; Meneca; Huitoto Meneca; Witoto Meneca; Meneka; Meneka-Witoto +4288,Hulaulá,,32.2128,34.9118,hula1244,huy,,IL IR,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,huy,Judeo-Aramaic; Lishana Noshan; Lishana Axni; Jabali; Kurdit; Galiglu; 'Aramit; Hula Hula +4291,Haveke,,-20.9665,164.7866,have1241,hvk,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,hvk,Aveke; 'Aveke; Neukaledonien; Haeke; Hmwaveke +4292,Huave,,16.35,-94.7,,,"Ethnologue lists 4 Huave languages, San Dionisio del Mar Huave [hve], San Francisco del Mar Huave [hue], San Mateo del Mar Huave [huv], and Santa María del Mar Huave [hvv]. INALI distinguishes 2 ""variantes"" of Huave.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hve; hue; huv; hvv,Huave +4294,Indri,,8.4397,25.5926,indr1247,idr,,SS,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,idr,Yanderika; Yandirika +4295,Igana,,-4.716300011,144.7819061,igan1243,igg,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,endangered,ISO 639-3,igg, +4297,Iha Based Pidgin,,-2.94,132.29,ihab1241,ihb,,ID,Southeast Asia,,,ISO 639-3,ihb, +4298,Ik,,3.5024,34.1894,ikkk1242,ikx,,UG,Africa,Kuliak,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ikx,Icietot; Teuso; Teuth; Ngulak +4299,Ilgar,,-11.393997,132.116928,gari1253,ilg,,AU,Australia,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ilg,Garig/Garig-Ilgar; Garig +4300,Ilue,,4.9185,8.2397,ilue1241,ilv,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ilv,Idua +4302,Imonda,,-3.33,141.17,imon1245,imn,"Imonda is treated as a dialect of Waris by Laycock (1973), who nevertheless writes: ""The dialect spoken at Imonda is very distinct, and is regarded by Imonda villagers as a separate language."" The classification in the Catalogue follows Seiler (1985).",PG,Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,imn, +4305,Inga,,1.1658,-77.0011,,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechua complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987). + +Ethnologue distinguishes Inga (Highland Inga) [inb] from Jungle Inga (Lowland Inga) [inj], where others do not.",CO,South America,Quechuan,threatened,,inb; inj,Ingano +4306,Ipiko,,-7.435678005,144.8769073,ipik1244,ipo,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ipo,Ipikoi; Higa; Epai +4308,Isconahua,,-7.760233,-74.515153,isco1239,isc,,PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,isc,Iskonawa; Iscobakebo; Iscobaquebu +4309,Masimasi,,-2.01,139.04,masi1265,ism,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ism, +4311,"Isu (Northwest Region, Cameroon)",,6.39173,10.050327,isum1240,isu,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,isu, +4312,Iteri,,-4.0807,141.5039,iter1241,itr,"Laycock (1973) lists two separate languages--Yinibu (Rocky Peak) and Iyo--athough he writes that Iyo may be the same language as Yinibu. According to Årsjö (1999), Rocky Peak is a dialect of Iteri.",PG,Pacific,Left May,endangered,ISO 639-3,itr,Alowiemino; Iyo; Laro; Rocky Peak; Yinibu +4314,Ixil,,15.4849,-91.0358,ixil1251,,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 3 Ixil languages: Chajul Ixil [ixj]; Nebaj Ixil [ixi]; and San Juan Cotzal Ixil [ixl]. INALI has 2 ""variantes."" Others have only 1 Ixil language. Ethnologue (2013) now lists only one [ixl] +",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ixi; ixj; ixl, +4315,Jakun,,1.8871,103.984,jaku1244,jak,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jak,Jaku'd; Jakud'n; Jakoon; Djakun; Orang Hulu +4317,Yanyuwa,,-16.49279406,136.7840759,yany1243,jao,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jao,Aniula; Anjula; Anula; Anuwa; Anyoola; Anyula; Anyuwa; Djirukurumbant; Iangkala; Janjula; Leanawa; Leeanuwa; Njangga; Njangkala; Unalla; Wadere; Waderi; Wadiri; Yangala; Yanula; Yanular; Yanyula; Yuggamurra +4321,Jad,,30.645,78.3627,jadd1243,jda,,PK IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jda,Bhotia; Dzad +4325,Jilbe,,11.749,14.5458,jilb1238,jie,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jie,Zoulbou +4327,Jimi (Cameroon),,10.339154,13.562401,jimi1254,jim,,CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jim,Djimi; Jimjimen; 'Um Falin; Bi-Gimu +4328,Youle Jinuo,,22.0,101.0,youl1235,jiu,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jiu,Jinuo; Jino; Youle; Jinuo; Youle; 攸樂基諾語 +4329,Shuar,,-2.5,-78.0,shua1257,jiv,"""Jívaro"" is pejorative. Shuar is the preferred name. + +Crevels (2012) distinguishes Achuar-Shiwiara, Shiwiar-Chicham, and Shuar (Jivaroan languages of Ecuador), and Achuar-Shiwiar (Shiwiar-Maina), Awajún (Aguajún, Ahuajún, Aguaruna), and Huambisa (in Peru). It is not clear how her division of languages matches that of other classifications, e.g. Campbell (2012:93) with: Shuar (Jívaro, Maina, Jíbaro), Aguaruna (Aguajun, Ahuajun), Achuar (Achual, Achuar-Shiwiar), and Huambisa. + +Ethnologue distinguishes 3 ""Jívaro"" languages: Shuar [jiv]; Wampís (Huambisa); and Achuar-Shiwiar [acu]. + +",EC,South America,Chicham family (Jivaroan),vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jiv,"""Jívaro""; Chiwaro; Jíbaro; Shuara; Xivaro; Chicham" +4330,Buyuan Jinuo,,22.0,101.0,buyu1238,jiy,Distinctive dialect of Jinuo,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jiy,Jinuo; Jino; Buyuan; Jinuo; Buyuan; 基諾語補遠方言 +4332,Labir,,10.447299,9.538467,labi1245,jku,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jku,Jaku; Jakun; Jakanci +4333,Ngile,,10.6666666667,30.0,ngil1242,jle,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jle,Masakin; Mesakin; Daloka; Taloka; Darra +4335,Jimi (Nigeria),,10.701093,9.813126,jimi1255,jmi,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jmi,Bi-Gimu +4337,Jangshung,,31.5833333333,78.4166666667,jang1254,jna,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jna,Jangrami; Zangram; Zhang-Zhung; Jangiam; Thebor; Thebör Skadd; Thebarskad; Central Kinnauri; Zhang-zhung; Kanāwri +4338,Jaunsari,,30.4859,78.0908,jaun1243,jns,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jns,Janusari; Jaunsauri; Jansauri; Pahari +4340,Jirel,,27.6419,86.2123,jire1238,jul,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,jul,Ziral; Jiri; Jirial +4341,Juang,,21.0742,85.6164,juan1238,jun,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jun,Patua; Patra-Saara; Puttooas; Juango +4345,Kaanju,,-13.45659025,142.9043198,kanj1260,kbe,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kbe,Kandju; Kaantyu; Gandju; Gandanju; Kamdhue; Kandyu; Kanyu; Karnu; Jabuda; Neogulada; Yaldiye-Ho; Ka:ntju; Ka:ndyu; Kantju; Karnju; Karndheu; Karntju; Karnyu; Kamdheu; Ka-ntyu; Kan·ntyu; Kambhue; Kanju +4346,Khamba,,29.0105,94.7653,kham1283,kbg,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kbg,Khamba Khaadi +4350,Ngkâlmpw Kanum,,-8.66666666667,140.916666667,ngka1235,kcd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcd,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum (Ngkâlmpw); Kanum; Ngkâlmpw +4352,Kobiana,,12.4017,-16.3229,kobi1241,kcj,,SN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kcj,Cobiana; Uboi; Buy; Guboy +4353,Kinalakna,,-6.040325165,147.4664001,kina1251,kco,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kco, +4354,Kanga,,10.844,29.4708,kang1288,kcp,,SD,Africa,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcp,Krongo Abdalla; Kufa-Lima; Chiroro-Kursi; Abu Sinun; Kufo; Kufa +4355,Katla,,11.8333333333,29.3333333333,katl1237,kcr,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kcr,Akalak; Kalak +4357,Kami (Tanzania),,-6.729292,37.922087,kami1256,kcu,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kcu,Kikami +4358,Gats'amé,,5.9548,37.5292,kach1284,kcx,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcx,Kachama-Ganjule; Gats'ame; Get'eme; Gatame; Haruro; Gidicho; Kachama; Gatsame; Qechem +4359,Koch,,25.7603,90.3955,koch1250,kdq,,IN BD,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kdq,Koc; Kocch; Koce; Kochboli; Konch +4361,Kadaru,,12.029919,30.052986,kada1282,kdu,,SD,Africa,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kdu,Kadaro; Kadero; Kaderu; Kodoro; Kodhin; Kodhinniai; Nubian (Hill); Koldagi +4363,Keiga,,11.3184,29.696,keig1242,kec,,SD,Africa,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,kec,Yega; Keiga-Timero; Keiga-Al-Kheil; Demik; Aigang +4364,Tese,,11.2161,29.8471,tese1238,keg,,SD,Africa,Temein,threatened,ISO 639-3,keg,Teis-Umm-Danab; Keiga Jirru; Keiga Girru; Dese; Teis-um-Danab +4365,Kodagu,,12.1666666667,76.8333333333,koda1255,kfa,This may be more than one language. Incipient endangerment.,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfa,Kodava; Coorge; Kadagi; Khurgi; Kotagu; Kurja; Kurug; Kodava Thak; Koḍagu +4367,Konda-Dora,,18.2763,82.9385,kond1295,kfc,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfc,Porja; Koṇḍa; Konḍa (Kūbi); Konda; Konḍa +4368,Korra Koraga,,11.6952,75.6738,korr1238,kfd,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfd,Koragar; Koragara; Korangi; Korra; Koraga; Koraga; Korra +4369,Kota (India),,11.4154,76.8576,kota1263,kfe,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfe,Kotta; Kowe-Adiwasi; Kother-Tamil; Kôta; Kōta +4370,Kurichiya,,11.82,75.52,kuri1256,kfh,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kfh,Kurichia; Kurichchia; Kowohans; Kurichiyars; Kuruchans +4373,Kinnauri,,31.58333,78.41667,kinn1249,kfk,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfk,Kinnaura Yanuskad; Kanoreunu Skad; Kanorug Skadd; Lower Kinnauri; Kinori; Kinner; Kanauri; Kanawari; Kanawi; Kunawari; Kunawur; Tibas Skad; Kanorin Skad; Kanaury Anuskad; Koonawure; Malhesti; Milchanang; Milchan; Milchang; Kinauri; Kanāwri; Kanāwarī; Kanoreunu Skadd; Kanōrug Skadd; Tibas Skadd; Lower Kanauri; Lower Kănawi; Upper Kanauri; Minchhang; Minchhanäng +4374,Kuk,,6.461755,10.13127,kukk1239,kfn,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kfn, +4375,Koro (Cote d'Ivoire),,8.11966,-5.73572,koro1306,kfo,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfo,Koro Jula +4378,Gamale Kham,,28.5,82.75,gama1251,kgj,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgj,Kham; Proto-Kham; Khamkura; Gamale; Khams; Kham; Gamale +4379,Gunggari,,-26.71355116,146.4458743,kung1258,kgl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kgl,Kunggari; Congaro; Coongurri; Goon-garree; Gungar; Gungari; Kogai; Kogurre; Kungeri; Kungri; Kuungkari; Ngaragari; Unggari; Unggri; Unghi; Ungorri; Koonkerri; Koongerri; Yangeberra; Yankibura +4380,Karingani,,38.57,47.43,kari1303,kgn,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgn, +4381,Krongo,,10.5,30.0,kron1241,kgo,,SD,Africa,Kadu,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kgo,Korongo; Kurungu; Kadumodi; Tabanya; Dimodongo; Nuba +4382,Gumbaynggir,,-29.99947323,152.7216997,kumb1268,kgs,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kgs,Gumbaingari; Kumbainggar; Kumbaingeri; Gambalamam; Baanbay; Kombinegherry; Coombyngura; Coombagoree; Coombangree; Kumbanggerri; Koombanggaree; Kumbainggerri; Kumbinggeri; Kumbangerai; Kumbanggar; Gumbainggar; Kumbainggir; Kumbainggiri; Gumbangir; Kumbainggeri; Kumbaingir; Kom-baingheri; Koombanggary; Koombanggherry; Koombainga; Coombyn-gura; Coombyngara; Coombargaree; Gumbaiŋgar; Gunbaiŋgar; Gumbaingar; Guinbainggiri; Gumbanggar; Bellinger tribe; Bellingen tribe; Nimboy; Woolgoolga; Orara; Kombaingheri; Koombangghery; Gumbaingaar; Banbai; Bahnbi; Ahnbi; Dandai +4384,Bädi Kanum,,-8.83333333333,140.75,badi1247,khd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,khd,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum (Bädi); Kanum; Bädi +4385,Korowai,,-5.25,140.0,koro1312,khe,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,khe,Kolufaup +4386,Kehu,,-3.19,136.14,kehu1238,khh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,khh, +4389,Kim,,9.91666666667,15.9166666667,kimm1246,kia,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kia,Masa; Kosop; Kwasap; Kuasap +4390,Kickapoo,,39.6972,-95.7089,kick1244,kic,,US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kic,Kikapoo; Kikapú +4393,Kosadle,,-3.79,140.2,kosa1251,kiq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,kiq,Kosare +4394,Kis,,-3.509520054,142.7848358,kiss1246,kis,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kis, +4395,Kirikiri,,-3.0,137.166666667,kiri1256,kiy,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,kiy,Kirira +4396,Khalaj,,34.3751,50.3063,turk1303,klj,,IR,Near East,Turkic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klj,Turkic Khalaj; Chaladsch; Arghu +4397,Kháng,,22.0333,102.6666,khan1274,kjm,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjm,Khaang; Tayhay; Tay Hay; Xa; Xá Khao; Xa Xua; Xa Don; Xa Dang; Xa Hoc; Xa Ai; Xa Bung; Quang Lam; Hang; Bren; Ksakautenh; Putenh; Pouteng; Teng; Theng; Xa Suak +4399,Odoodee,,-6.7,142.5,odoo1238,kkc,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kkc,Kalamo; Nomad; Tomu; Tomu River; Ododei +4401,Kiong,,5.1077,8.208992,kion1242,kkm,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkm,Akoiyang; Akayon; Okonyong; Okoyong; Iyoniyong +4402,Koko-Bera,,-15.46465646,142.0337612,gugu1254,kkp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kkp,Koko Bera; Kukaberra; Kungkara; Konanin; Goona-nin; Gunani; Gunanni; Goonamin; Goonamon; Koko papung; Kokopapun; Ba:bung; Kokobera; Kok Kaber; Gugu Bera; Kok-Kaper; Kok-Per; (Yirrq-) Kongarrlh; Kok-Kapér; Kok-Chel; Koko Pera; Kokopera; Kukubera; Berang; Paperyn; Gugubera +4403,Gamilaraay,,-29.85302243,147.9291115,gami1243,kld,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kld,Camileroi; Gamilaroi; Kamilaroi; Kamilarai; Kamilroi; Kamilrai; Kamularoi; Kaameelarrai; Komleroy; Kahmilaharoy; Kamilary; Gumilori; Gummilroi; Ghummilarai; Cumilri; Kimilari; Kamil; Comleroy; Camel Duahi; Kamalarai; Koomilroi; Gunilroi; Guminilroi; Gumilray; Camleroy; Euhahlayi; Gamilaraay +4404,Weliki,,-5.99,147.14,weli1239,klh,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,klh,Weleki; Karangi +4406,Kapya,,7.050127,9.866482,kapy1238,klo,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,klo, +4408,Khaling,,27.5,86.6666666667,khal1275,klr,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,klr,Rai; Kaling; Khalinge Rai; Khael Bra; Khael Baat +4409,Kalasha,,35.701005,71.694859,kala1372,kls,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,kls; kala1372,Kalasa; Kalashamon; Kalash; Dardu +4414,Kami (Nigeria),,9.044462,6.570498,kami1258,kmi,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kmi, +4415,Kumarbhag Paharia,,25.0,87.3333333333,kuma1274,kmj,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmj,Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Mal; Mad; Paharia; Pahariya; Kumar +4416,Kom,,24.0414,93.6639,komi1270,kmm,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kmm,Kom Rem; Kolhreng +4423,Konomala,,-4.169494,152.889711,kono1269,koa,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,koa, +4427,Kota (Gabon),,0.207366,13.721718,kota1274,koq,,GA CG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,koq,Ikota; Ikuta; Kotu +4428,Kosraean,,5.3,163.0,kosr1238,kos,,NR FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kos,Kusaie; Kosrae +4429,Kudu-Camo,,11.0166,8.8879,kudu1241,kov,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kov,Kudawa; Kuda-Chamo +4432,Kapingamarangi,,1.05,154.75,kapi1249,kpg,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpg,Kirinit +4438,Kumhali,,27.788,84.548,kumh1238,kra,,NP,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,kra,Kumhale; Kumbale; Kumkale; Kumali +4439,Kru'ng 2,,13.57,106.76,krun1240,krr,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krr,Krueng; Kru'ng; Krung; Krɯɱ +4440,Kravet,,14.0175,107.0136,kave1238,krv,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,krv,Kowet; Khvek; Kavet +4441,Sota Kanum,,-8.424,141.005,sota1242,krz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,krz,Kanum; Enkelembu; Knwne; Kenume; Kanum; Sota +4444,Kanza,,36.7657,-96.8652,kans1243,ksk,"Dissolved in 1902, the Kaw Nation was reconstituted in 1959 with a headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma, and now has a membership of about 1,700. There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",US,North America,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,ksk,Kansa; Kansas; Kaw; Konze; Kanze +4445,Kokatha,,-29.40268488,133.4980182,koka1244,ktd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ktd,Aluna; Cocotah; Cookutta; Geebera; Gogada; Gugada; Kakarrura; Keibara; Kokatja; Kokitta; Kokit-ta; Koocatho; Koogatho; Koogurda; Kookata; Kookatha; Kotit-ta; Ku:gurda wongga; Kugurda; Ku-gurda; Kukata; Kukataja; Kukatha; Kukatja; Madun-tara; Madutara; Maduwonga; Madu-wonga; Maiuladjara; Maiulatara; Matuntara; Nganitjiddia; Nganitjidi; Nganitjini; Wanggamadu; Wongamardu; Yallingarra; Gogoda; Kokata +4446,Nubri,,28.6384,84.6079,nubr1241,kte,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kte,Kutang Bhotia; Larkye +4448,Plapo Krumen,,4.56109,-7.30644,plap1239,ktj,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ktj,Plapo; Krumen; Plapo +4449,Koroshi,,29.451883,53.007572,koro1296,ktl,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktl, +4450,Kaduo,,23.43,101.692,kadu1253,ktp,"Kaduo, spoken in Yunnan 雲南 Province (China), belongs to the Southern Ngwi branch in the Tibeto-Burman language family. It is different from Kadu (zkd), a language of Myanmar belonging to the Luish branch in Tibeto-Burman language family. It is also different from Katu (ktv), a Mon-Khmer language of Vietnam.",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ktp,Khàtù; Gazhuo; Kado; Kadu; 卡多話 +4451,Ketum,,-5.35,140.6,ketu1238,ktt,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,ktt, +4453,Kui (Indonesia),,-8.43333333333,124.55,kuii1253,kvd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,kvd,Lerabain; Masin-Lak +4456,Kunggara,,-17.62553,141.1441,kung1262,kvs,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kvs,Koonkurri; Ungorri; Gunggara; Kunggera; Goom-Gharra +4461,Kwer,,-5.02,140.01,kwer1265,kwr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kwr, +4462,Karo (Ethiopia),,5.2003,36.0681,karo1297,kxh,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxh,"Kerre; Cherre; Kere; Hamar-Koke; Amar; ""etc.""" +4463,Keningau Murut,,5.366803,116.201303,keni1249,kxi,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kxi,Central Murut +4464,Nepali Kurux,,27.9275,84.2866,nepa1253,kxl,,NP,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kxl,Kurukh; Oraon; Kurux; Kuṛux; Kurux; Nepali +4465,Smärky Kanum,,-8.535,140.868,smar1235,kxq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Morehead-Upper Maro,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kxq,Kanum; Kanum; Smärky +4468,Kuvi,,18.9478,83.5839,kuvi1243,kxv,"Thriving in some areas, endangered in others.",IN,South Asia,Dravidian,at risk,ISO 639-3,kxv,Kuwi; Kuvinga; Kuvi Kond; Kond; Khondi; Khondh; Jatapu +4472,Kambaira,,-6.27,146.08,kamb1303,kyy,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,kyy, +4475,Kaike,,28.9642,82.9819,kaik1246,kzq,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kzq,Tarali Kham +4476,Karang,,8.223723,14.935707,kara1478,kzr,,CM TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kzr,Kareng; Mbum; Mbum-East; Laka; Lakka; Eastern Mbum; Lakka Mbum; Mbum Bakal; Nzák Kàráng +4478,Lafofa,,10.25,31.25,lafo1243,laf,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,laf, +4479,Shen,,10.277677,4.468075,laru1238,lan,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lan,Laru; Larawa; Laranchi; Laro +4480,Tiwa,,25.7801,92.5927,tiwa1253,lax,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lax,Lalung; Dowyan +4482,Label,,-4.459022,152.682222,labe1239,lbb,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lbb, +4483,Tinani,,32.3333333333,77.1666666667,tina1246,lbf,,IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbf,Gondhla; Gondla; Lahauli; Lahouli; Lahuli; Rangloi; Teenan; Tinan Lahuli +4484,Northern Lorung,,27.4266,87.2498,nort2727,lbr,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbr,Lohorong; Lohrung; Lohrung Khanawa; Lōhōrōng; Balai; Lorung; Northern +4485,Labu,,-6.75,146.916666667,labu1248,lbu,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbu,Labu'; Labo; Hapa +4486,Lamalama,,-14.62330833,143.8556152,lamu1254,lby,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lby,Lamulamul; Lamu-Lamu; Mba Rumbathama; Bakanambia; Barum Bathama; Korko Lama Lama; Mba Rrumbathama; Mbarrumbathama; Lama-Lama +4488,Luri,,10.171127,9.726795,luri1256,ldd,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ldd,Lúr; Lur +4489,Lufu,,7.041226,9.768341,lufu1237,ldq,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ldq, +4490,Enlhet Norte,,-22.5,-59.0,nort2971,enl,,PY,South America,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,enl,Lengua; Enxet; Vowak; Pwak; Lengua Norte +4494,Honduran Lenca,,13.6459,-87.0996,lenc1244,len,Honduran Lenca and Chilanga (Salvadoran Lenca) are related but quite distinct languages; neither has any remaining speakers.,HN,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Lencan,dormant,ISO 639-3,len,Lenka; Lenca +4495,Lepcha,,27.1666666667,88.5,lepc1244,lep,,IN NP BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lep,Lapche; Lapcha; Rong; Rongke; Rongpa; Nünpa; Leptśa; Róng; Rongpa; Lepoha; Nümpa +4496,Lenkau,,-2.33,147.74,lenk1247,ler,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ler,Admiralitäts-inseln +4498,Laghuu,,23.6166,105.6833,lagh1245,lgh,,VN,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lgh,Yi; Laopa; Xá Phó; Lolo; Laghuu +4500,Laha (Indonesia),,-3.71,128.07,laha1251,lhh,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lhh,Central Ambon +4503,Lhokpu,,26.9514,89.2968,lhok1238,lhp,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lhp,Lhobikha; Taba-Damey-Bikha +4508,Logorik,,11.1433,29.8306,logo1261,liu,,SD,Africa,Daju,threatened,ISO 639-3,liu,Liguri +4509,Liabuku,,-5.32,122.7,liab1237,lix,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lix,Liabuka +4510,Kucong,,22.6166,102.75,kuco1235,lkc,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lkc,Cosung; Lahlu; Lahu; 苦聰話 +4511,Lakha,,27.5898,90.3735,lakh1240,lkh,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lkh,Tshangkha +4512,Lelak,,4.11426,114.029,lela1246,llk,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,llk, +4515,Limilngan,,-12.47762877,131.8581747,nucl1327,lmc,,AU,Australia,Limilngan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lmc,Limil; Minitjja; Manadja; Minitji; Baneidja; Bani:dja; Banidja; Buneidja; Buneidya; Buneitja; Lemil; Manasi; Manidja; Manitja; Menassie; Minidja; Minitja; Minitjaa; Minityi; Minnitji; Punaka; Puneitja; Punuurlu +4516,Lumun,,10.8387,30.0338,lumu1239,lmd,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lmd,Lomon; Kuku-Lumun +4523,Logol,,10.8521,30.6463,logo1262,lof,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lof,Lukha +4524,Narim,,4.9048,34.2224,nari1240,loh,,SS,Africa,Surmic,threatened,ISO 639-3,loh,Larim; Larimo; Lariim; Nariim; Longarim; Lariminit +4528,Lepki,,-4.11,140.46,lepk1238,lpe,,ID,Southeast Asia,,endangered,ISO 639-3,lpe, +4530,Larrakiya,,-12.70664484,130.7862123,lara1258,lrg,,AU,Australia,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lrg,Laragiya; Larakia; Larakiya; Gulumirrgin; Larrakia; Larrakeah; Larrakeeyah; Larrakiha; Larragea; Larrekiya; Larreekeeyah; Larikia; Larrikia; Larrikiya; Larriquia; Larragia; Larekia; Ngandalagarak; Larrekiy; Larrakeeha; Larakeeyah; Larrak-eah; Binnimiginda; Gunmajerrumba; Marri; Larrakia; Laragia +4531,Lari,,27.6436,54.63449,lari1253,lrl,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lrl,Larestani; *Achomi; Fars +4533,Laro,,10.7685,29.902,laro1243,lro,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lro,Laru; Aaleira; Yillaro; Ngwullaro +4534,Southern Yamphu,,27.4266,87.2498,sout2734,lrr,Merged with Yamphe (yma) since 2012 (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=yma). Southern Yamphu (lrr) is closed related to Yamphu (ybi).,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lrr,Lohorong; Lohrung; Lohrung Khap; Lohrung Khate; Yakkhaba Lorung; Lōhōrōng; Balai; Lorung; Southern +4535,Lasgerdi,,35.4,53.0,lasg1238,lsa,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsa, +4536,Larëvat,,-16.138655,167.358687,lare1249,lrv,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,lrv,Larevat; Laravat; Mallicolo +4537,Lishana Deni,,31.7748,35.1013,lish1247,lsd,,IL IQ,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsd,Judeo-Aramaic; Lishan Hudaye; Lishan Hozaye; Kurdit +4540,Luwati,,23.633219,58.491547,luwa1238,luv,,OM,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,luv,Lawatiyya; Lawatiya; Khojki +4541,Luo,,6.085,11.486,luoc1235,luw,"Not to be confused with Acholi [ach], sometimes called Luo or Lwo. Luo [luw] is spoken in Cameroon, while Acholi is spoken in Sudan and Uganda.",CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,luw, +4542,White Lachi,,22.818,104.571,whit1266,lwh,,VN,Southeast Asia,Tai-Kadai,dormant,ISO 639-3,lwh,Lachi; White; Lipupõ; 白拉基 +4543,Laomian,,19.75,100.0,laom1237,lwm,,CN MM,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lwm,Bisu; Guba; Lawmeh; 老緬語 +4545,Litzlitz,,-16.114,167.439,litz1237,lzl,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lzl,Naman; Litzlitz-Visele; Mallicolo +4565,Barain,,11.06677,17.933586,bare1279,bva,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,bva; bare1279; saka1296,Barein; Baraïn; Guilia; Jalkia +4567,Mahwa,,11.740913,18.280973,mawa1270,mcw,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mcw,Mawa; Mahoua; Mahoura +4569,Sengwer,,,,seng1286,,,KE,Africa,Nilotic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1iz,Cherengany; Mei +4570,Ts'ixa,,-19.088076,24.301758,tsix1234,,The Shua language Ts'exa. Very little is known about it. Potentially a dialect of Shua [shg].,BW,Africa,Khoe,endangered,LINGUIST List,1iy,Ts'exa +4571,Chenoua,,36.5703,2.2892,chen1266,cnu,,DZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cnu,Shenowa; Sheliff Basin +4572,Uncunwee,,12.0,31.0,ghul1238,ghl,,SD,Africa,Nubian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ghl,Ghulfan; Gulfan; Wunci; Wuncimbe; Nubian (Hill) +4573,Zialo,,8.542064,-9.471687,zial1235,zil,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zil,Ziolo +4585,Sokoro,,11.423495,17.706802,soko1263,sok,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sok,Bedanga +4586,Tunia,,9.156672,18.380788,tuni1251,tug,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tug,Tounia; Tunya; Tun +4587,Zan Gula,,10.395975,19.136604,zang1249,zna,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,zna,Gula Guera; Goula; Moriil; Morre; mòrḭ̀ḭ̀l +4588,Niellim,,9.75,17.75,niel1243,nie,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nie,Lua; Nielim; Mjillem; Nyilem +4589,Amdang,,14.62478,20.944645,amda1238,amj,,TD,Africa,Furan,threatened,ISO 639-3,amj,Mimi; Mima; Mututu; Biltine; Andang; Andangti; Mime +4590,Ndam,,9.801091,17.412506,ndam1251,ndm,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ndm,Dam; Ndamm; Gulei +4592,Maore Comorian,,-12.0,44.0,maor1244,swb,,KM FR RE MG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,swb,Comorian; Comores Swahili; Komoro; Comoro; Shimaore +4593,Barambu,,3.5,27.0,bara1361,brm,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,brm,Barambo; Amiangba; Amiangbwa; Balambu; Abarambo; Duga +4595,Daho-Doo,,5.72458,-7.3558,daho1238,das,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,das, +4596,Bolondo,,2.46327,19.6181,bolo1263,bzm,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzm, +4597,Bomboli,,1.984789,18.515156,bomb1261,bml,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bml,Bombongo +4598,Gbanziri,,4.68467,20.2609,gban1258,gbg,,CF CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gbg,Gbanzili-'Bolaka; Gbanzili; Banziri; Gbandere +4599,Monzombo,,3.0,18.4166666667,monz1249,moj,,CG CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,moj,Monjombo; Mondjembo; Munzombo; Mono-Jembo +4600,Yango,,2.81523,19.0108,yang1289,yng,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,yng,Gbendere +4601,Dzando,,2.24195,19.0022,dzan1238,dzn,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dzn, +4603,Bilen,,15.75,38.5,bili1260,byn,,ER,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,byn,Bilin; Bogo; Bogos; Bilayn; Balen; Beleni; Belen; Bilein; Bileno; North Agaw; Blin +4604,Kanu,,-1.42327,28.072025,kanu1278,khx,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,khx,Likanu; Kaanu; Kano +4607,Sezo,,9.50764,34.6449,seze1235,sze,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sze,Seze +4608,Burji,,2.1857,37.9248,burj1242,bji,,KE ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bji,Bambala; Bembala; Daashi +461,Dong,,8.739864,11.845802,dong1293,doh,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,doh,Donga; Dɔ +4610,Ganza,,10.274808,35.136644,ganz1246,gza,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gza,Ganzo; Koma +4612,Ganjulé,,,,ganj1241,,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,kcx-gan,Ganjule; Ganjawle +4613,Murle,,6.5,33.5,murl1244,mur,,ET SS,Africa,Surmic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mur,Murelei; Merule; Mourle; Murule; Beir; Ajibba; Agiba; Adkibba; Murele; Omo-Murle +4614,Pinji,,-1.895878,11.227831,pinj1243,pic,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pic,Gapinji; Apinji; Apindji; Apindje +4615,Seki,,0.994728,9.575589,seki1238,syi,,GA GQ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,syi,Sekyani; Sekiani; Sekiyani; Sekiana; Shekiyana; Sheke; Seke; Beseki; Bulu; Seseki +4616,Simba,,-1.292157,10.925697,simb1254,sbw,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbw,Nsindak +4617,Chakali,,9.823968,-1.988876,chak1271,cli,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cli, +4618,Chala,,8.00089,0.50896,chal1269,cll,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cll,Tschala; Tsa; Cãla; Tshala; Cala +4619,Dwang,,7.70712,-0.43011,dwan1238,nnu,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nnu,Guang; Dwan; Nchumunu +4620,Hanga,,9.33929,-1.57833,hang1258,hag,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,hag,Anga +4621,Kantosi,,10.97,-1.93,kant1249,xkt,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,xkt,Kantonsi; Yare; Yarsi; Dagaare-Dioula; Dagaari Dioula; Yari; Dagaari-Jula; Dagaari-Yula +4622,Nchumbulu,,8.087103,-0.692242,nchu1238,nlu,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nlu,Guang +4625,Chiquihuitlán Mazatec,,17.75,-96.9166666667,chiq1250,maq,"Ethnologue distinguishes 8 ""Mazatecan"" languages. INALI has 16 ""Mazateco"" ""variantes."" +Ethnologue's are: +Mazatec, Ayautla [vmy] +Mazatec, Chiquihuitlán [maq] +Mazatec, Huautla [mau] +Mazatec, Ixcatlán [mzi] +Mazatec, Jalapa de Díaz [maj] +Mazatec, Mazatlán [vmz] +Mazatec, San Jerónimo Tecóatl [maa] +Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,maq,Mazatec (Chiquihuitlán); Masateko; Mazateco; Mazatec; Chiquihuitlán; Mazateco de San Juan Chiquihuitlán +4626,Maring,,-5.5,144.666666667,mari1435,mbw,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mbw,Mareng; Yoadabe-Watoare +4627,Mari,,-9.0478,141.8994,mari1432,mbx,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,mbx, +4630,Lowland Mixe,,16.9166666667,-95.6666666667,,,"An ""emergent language"" belonging to Oaxaca Mixe. +Ethnologue distinguishes Coatlán Mixe [mco], Mazatlán Mixe [mzl], Isthmus Mixe [mir], and Quetzaltepec Mixe [pxm], which others do not distinguish as separate languages.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mco; mir; mzl; pxm,Isthmus Mixe; Eastern Mixe; Guichicovi Mixe; Mixe del Istmo +4633,Mawan,,-5.164199829,145.6166992,mawa1267,mcz,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mcz, +4636,Moksha,,54.0,44.0,moks1248,mdf,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,at risk,ISO 639-3,mdf,Mokša; Mordvin; мокшанский язык; мокшень кяль; mokšəń käĺ; Mordwin; Mordva; Moksha-Mordva; Mordwinisch; Mokscha-Mordwinisch; Mordvinisch; Mokscha-Mundart; Mokshan; Mordoff; Mordov; Mordvin-Moksha; Mordvinian; Mokša-Mordvinisch; mokšen΄ kjal΄; mokšanskij jazyk; Morduini; Mordua +4642,Putai,,11.156214,12.759244,puta1243,mfl,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mfl,Marghi West; West Marg +4643,Mokerang,,-2.02,147.42,moke1240,mft,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mft,Mokareng; Mokoreng; Admiralitäts-inseln +4644,Mayo,,26.45,-108.98,mayo1264,mfy,90%% intelligibility with Yaqui.,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfy,Cahita; Yaqui-Mayo; Kahita +4645,Morokodo,,6.0313,29.7949,moro1284,mgc,,SS,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mgc,Ma'di +4646,Maklew,,-7.7561,139.5049,makl1246,mgf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Bulaka River,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgf,Makleu +4647,Mawes,,-2.37,139.75,mawe1251,mgk,Some consider this language an isolate.,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,mgk, +4648,Mambae,,-9.2,125.47,mamb1306,mgm,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,mgm,Mambai; Manbae +4650,Manda (Tanzania),,-10.930405,34.738564,mand1423,mgs,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mgs,Kimanda; Kinyasa; Nyasa +4653,Manda (India),,20.1384,84.0289,mand1413,mha,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mha,Manḍa +4654,Mamaa,,-6.508642197,146.5274963,mama1277,mhf,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mhf,Mama +4655,Marrgu,,-11.147622,132.560164,marg1251,mhg,,AU,Australia,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mhg,Maraura; Maroura; Marowera; Jakajako; Yaakoyaako; Waimbo; Margu; Ajokoot; Jaako; Terutong; Terrutong; Raffles Bay; Croker Island; Yaako; Yako; Ma:go; Marg; Margo; Marlgu; Marrku +4657,Mogholi,,34.252261,62.272136,mogh1245,mhj,,AF,Near East,Mongolic,dormant,ISO 639-3,mhj,Moghol; Mogul; Mogol; Mongul; Mongolen +4658,Mócheno,,46.1194,11.3258,moch1255,mhn,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhn, +4659,Neo-Mandaic,,31.1913,48.4009,nucl1706,mid,,IR IQ,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mid,Mandaic (Modern); Mandaean; Modern Mandaic; Manda:yi; Mandaic +4660,Mískito,,15.16,-84.29,misk1235,miq,,HN NI,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Misumalpan,at risk,ISO 639-3,miq,Mosquito; Mísquito; Mískitu; Marquito; Miskito; Misquito; Mosco +4663,Akoye,,-7.814405,145.675964,akoy1238,miw,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,miw,Mahigi; Akoinkake; Lohiki; Obi; Mai-Hea-Ri; Maihiri; Angoya; Akoyi; Maiheari +4667,Sauria Paharia,,24.81,87.64,saur1249,mjt,"Endangered in some locations, attributed low status.",IN BD,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mjt,Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Sawriya Malto; Malatri; Râjmahal +4668,Majhi,,27.9208,83.5082,majh1253,mjz,,IN NP,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,mjz,Manjhi +4669,Mbre,,8.20929,-5.72944,mbre1244,mka,,CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,mka,Bre; Bere; Pre; Pre Pisia +4670,Mal Paharia,,24.09,87.35,malp1246,mkb,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mkb,Mal Pahoria; Malto; Malti; Maltu; Maler; Malpaharia; Marpaharia; Mal Pahariya; Mal; Manlati; Mar; Maw; Mawdo; Mawer; Mawer Nondi; Mad; Mader; Dehri; Paharia; Parsi +4672,Mokilese,,6.66666666667,159.75,moki1238,mkj,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mkj,Mokil; Mwoakilese; Mwoakiloa +4673,Moklen,,9.722,98.415,mokl1243,mkm,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mkm,Chau Pok +4676,Tamambo,,-15.6666666667,167.166666667,malo1243,mla,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mla,Malo; Tamabo +4677,Mape,,-6.619209766,147.6359863,mape1249,mlh,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlh, +4679,Mlomp,,12.7421,-16.4904,mlom1238,mlo,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlo,Mlomp North; Gulompaay +4680,Motlav,,-13.6433,167.7159,motl1237,mlv,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mlv,Motalava; Mwotlap; Mwotlav; Banks-Inseln +4682,Momina,,-4.81,139.82,momi1242,mmb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmb, +4686,Man Met,,22.07,100.84,manm1238,mml,"The Man Met are included in the Bulang National Minority of China; however, they don't speak the Bulang language.",CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,mml,Manmit; Manmi; Angku; Āng-kú; 克蔑語 +4687,Mkir,,-16.767142,168.163133,maii1238,mmm,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmm,Maii; Mae-Morae; Mafilau +4689,Mono (Democratic Republic of the Congo),,4.562393,19.937169,mono1270,mnh,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mnh,Amono +4690,Munji,,35.931986,70.906608,munj1244,mnj,Munji is closely related to Yidgha; sometimes Munji-Yidgha is treated as one language ~Habib Borjian,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,mnj,Munjani; Munjhan; Munjiwar +4692,Mono (United States),,37.0943,-119.4999,mono1275,mnr,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mnr,Monachi; Saidyuka; Mono (in United States); Monache +4693,Mer (Indonesia),,-3.38,134.73,merr1239,mnu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mnu,Muri; Miere +4694,Mopán,,16.35,-89.07,mopa1243,mop,,GT BZ,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mop,Mopan; Mopan Maya; Maya; Mopán; Mopane +4695,Moro,,11.0,30.1666666667,moro1285,mor,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mor,Dhimorong +4698,Munkip,,-6.45366,146.7479,mung1272,mpv,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mpv,Mungkip +4699,Mpi,,18.2554,100.2227,mpii1239,mpz,,TH,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpz,Mpi-Mi +4704,Marino,,-14.976036,168.121192,mari1426,mrb,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrb,Naone; North Maewo; Sunwadia; Suñwadia +4707,Mising,,28.5,94.8333333333,misi1242,mrg,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,mrg,Mishing; Takam; Plains Miri; Miri +4708,Mara Chin,,23.0,93.1666666667,mara1382,mrh,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mrh,Mara; Lakher; Maram; Zao; Mira; Chin (Mara); Tlongsai; Hawthai; Sabeu; Chin; Mara +4709,Mortlockese,,5.5811,153.5668,mort1237,mrl,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mrl,Mortlock; Nomoi +4710,Mru,,21.7748,92.2741,mruu1242,mro,,IN MM BD,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mro,Murung; Mro; Mrung; Maru; Niopreng; Mro-Mru; Mroo; မရူ +4711,Mores,,-15.520993,166.886799,moro1286,mrp,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mrp,Ko; Morouas; Moruas +4712,Tape,,-16.067407,167.27423,mara1399,mrs,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mrs,Maragus; Maragaus; Mallicolo +4714,Powle-Ma,,-3.42,140.56,molo1262,msl,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,msl,Molof; Ampas +4715,Mombum,,-8.25,138.75,nucl1452,mso,,ID,Southeast Asia,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,mso,Komelom; Kemelom; Kemelomsch; Komolom +4717,Moresada,,-4.5017,144.9559,more1258,msx,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,msx,Murisapa; Murusapa-Sarewa; Murusapa +4719,Mono (Solomon Islands),,-7.05,155.75,mono1273,mte,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,mte,Alu; Mono-Alu +4727,Yaaku,,0.4394,37.1777,yaak1241,muu,,KE,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,muu,"Yakunte; Yiakunte; Yiaku; Mukogodo; Mogogodo; Mukoquodo; Siegu; Yaakua; ""Ndorobo""" +4730,Miyako,,24.930462,125.244197,miya1259,mvi,Dialect names are from Aoi (2015).,JP,East Asia,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,mvi; miya1259,Ikimatsu; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 宮古語; 宮古方言; ミャークフツ +4731,Botovro,,-15.92772,167.279892,mpot1241,mvt,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvt,Mpotovoro; Mallicolo +4732,Meoswar,,2.08,134.38,meos1237,mvx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvx,War +4734,Miranda do Douro,,41.4958535,-6.2738577,mira1251,mwl,,ES PT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mwl,Mirandês; Mirandesa; Mirandese +4736,Kalaw Kawaw Ya,,-10.156694,142.282428,kala1377,mwp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mwp,Kala Yagaw Ya; Yagar Yagar; Mabuiag; Kala Lagau Langgus; Langus; West Torres +4741,Mao of Bambeshi,,9.7469,34.7662,bamb1262,myf,"""Northern Mao, also known by the toponyms Bambassi and Diddesa, is one of the least documented Omotic languages (Bender 2000:180). A Mao language of the Omotic family, a subclass of the Afroasiatic phylum (Bender 1985; 2000; 2003; Hayward 2000), the language is spoken by an estimated 5,000 speakers (Siebert et al. 1993)""",ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,myf,Bambassi; Bambeshi; Siggoyo; Amam; Fadiro; Northern Mao; Didessa; Mao of Diddesa; Bambessi Mao; Didessa Mao +4742,Mangayat,,8.2495,25.7574,mang1387,myj,,SS,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,myj,Mangaya; Mongaiyat; Bug; Buga +4744,Patuá,,22.1632,113.5464,maca1262,mzs,"derived from Kristang, the Portuguese creole of Malacca",CN,East Asia,Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mzs,Macao Creole Portuguese; Macaense; Macanese; Maquista; Makista; 澳門土生葡語 +4745,Mintil,,4.59,101.99,mint1239,mzt,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mzt,Mitil +4746,Deg,,8.300933,-2.180198,degg1238,mzw,,GH CI,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mzw,Degha; Dɛ; Mo; Mmfo; Aculo; Janela; Buru; Buro +4748,Palyku,,-22.6744684,120.1169385,nija1242,nad,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nad,Nijadali; Bailko; Balgu; Balygu; Iabali; Jana; Janari; Jauna; Niabali; Njiabali; Njijabali; Njijapali; Nyiyabali; Nyiyaparli; Nyiypali; Paljgu; Bailko-Pandjima; Bailgu; Balgoo; Pulgoe; Boolgoo +4765,Naka'ela,,-2.847,128.5208,naka1263,nae,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nae, +4769,Nake,,-5.3691,145.7218,nake1240,nbk,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nbk,Ale +4772,Na,,28.4638,93.3041,naaa1245,nbt,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nbt, +4773,Garlali,,-28.13620987,143.9394536,kala1380,gll,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gll,Kullila; Kalali; Galali; Gaḷali +4774,Ningera,,-2.73916,141.4355,ning1275,nby,,PG,Pacific,Border,endangered,ISO 639-3,nby,Nagira; Negira; Ninggera +4775,Central Nicobarese,,8.05,93.5,cent1990,ncb,There are differing opinions as to whether some varieties listed as dialects of Central Nicobarese are in fact languages in their own right. ,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ncb,Muöt; Nicobarese; Nancowry; Zentraler Dialekt; Nicobarese; Central +4779,Sibe,,-6.388497,155.398378,sibe1248,nco,,PG,Pacific,South Bougainville,threatened,ISO 639-3,nco,Nagovisi; Sibbe; Sibe-Nagovisi +4780,Daasanach,,4.66666666667,36.3333333333,daas1238,dsh,,KE ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dsh,"Dhaasanac; Dasenech; Daasanech; Dathanaik; Dathanaic; Dathanik; Gheleba; Geleba; Geleb; Gelebinya; Gallab; Galuba; Gelab; Gelubba; Dama; Marille; Merile; Merille; Morille; Reshiat; Russia; ""Shangilla""; Daasenech" +4785,Kiwilwana,,0.706844,39.802647,ilwa1237,mlk,,KE,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mlk,Ilwana; “Malakote” +4786,Sagalla,,-3.419608,38.554437,saga1262,tga,,KE,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,tga,Kisagala; Kisagalla; Sagala; Teri; Saghala +4787,Sanye,,-3.33333333333,39.8333333333,waat1238,ssn,,KE,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ssn,Oromo (Waata); Sanya; Wasanye; Ariangulu; Langulo; Waata; Waat +4789,Suba,,-0.9942,34.519,suba1238,sxb,,KE TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,sxb,Olusuba +4793,Gbii,,5.87021,-8.9346,gbii1242,ggb,,LR,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ggb,Gbi-Dowlu; Gbee +4805,Dewoin,,6.56113,-10.9076,dewo1238,dee,,LR,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dee,De; Dey; Dei; Dewoi +481,Pipil,,13.721709,-89.721314,pipi1250,ppl,,SV,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ppl,Nahuat; Nawat; Nahuate; Náwat; Náhuat +482,Ningye,,10.23435,7.866383,ning1271,nns,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nns, +4825,Pana (Burkina Faso),,13.233333,-3.4,pana1295,pnq,,BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnq,Sama +4826,Kalamsé,,13.6024,-3.109989,kala1383,knz,,ML BF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,knz,Kalemsé; Kalenga; Sàmòmá; Sàmó +483,Cara,,10.103839,12.652185,cara1270,cfd,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cfd,Chara; Fachara; Nfachara; Fakara; Pakara; Tera; Teriya; Terri; Tariya +4831,Tedaga,,16.0,15.0,teda1241,tuq,,NG NG TD LY,Africa,Saharan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tuq,Teda; Toda; Todaga; Todga; Tuda; Tudaga; Tubu; Tebu; Tebou; Tibbu; Toubou; Tū-bu; Tib-bo +4834,Tilung,,27.1501,86.5077,tilu1238,tij,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tij,Tiling; Tilling; Tilung Blama +4836,Tidikelt Tamazight,,26.8828,2.5488,tidi1241,tia,,DZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tia,Tidikelt; Tamazight; Tidikelt Berber +4837,Tha,,9.176669,11.170143,thaa1239,thy,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,thy,Joole Manga; Kapawa; Joole Marga +4838,Thangmi,,27.52,86.07,than1259,thf,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,thf,Thami; Dolakha; Thāmī +484,Bu,,9.010046,8.607016,,,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,jid,Abu +485,Hasha,,12.09992,6.31666,hash1238,ybj,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ybj,Yashi +4851,Nagu,,-10.701147,165.897875,nang1262,ngr,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ngr,Engdewu; Nanggu +4852,Ngwaba,,9.9904,12.81,ngwa1251,ngw,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ngw,Gombi; Goba +4853,Nhuwala,,-22.10053672,114.9936417,nhuw1239,nhf,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nhf,Nuala; Ngoala; Noella; Noanamaronga; Nooanamaronga; Jawanmala; Nunkaberi; Noala +4854,Nahari,,20.41,81.98,naha1262,nhh,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nhh,Nahali +4857,Western Huasteca Nahuatl,,22.0,-99.0,west2624,nhw,"Ethnologue distinguishes 28 Nahuatl languages. INALI has 30 ""variantes"" of Nahuatl.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,at risk,ISO 639-3,nhw,Nahuatl; Western Huasteca; Western Nahuatl; Nahuatl (Huasteca); Nahuatl; Mexicano +4859,Ngandi,,-14.08540036,135.3815377,ngan1295,nid,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nid,N'gundi; Ngalbon; Ngalgbun; Nandi +486,Rukul,,,,ruku1239,,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,mae-ruk, +4861,Southeastern Kolami,,20.0,78.5,sout1549,nit,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nit,Kōlāmì; Kolami; Naiki; Naikī; Kolami; Southeastern +4862,Niue,,-19.05,-170.116666667,niue1239,niu,,NZ CK TO NU,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,niu,"Niuean; ""Niuefekai""" +4864,Njalgulgule,,8.4452,25.3015,njal1239,njl,,SS,Africa,Daju,endangered,ISO 639-3,njl,Nyolge; Nyoolne; Ngulgule; Begi; Bege; Beko; Njangulgule; Nyalgulgule +4866,Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin,,2.95,-56.02,ndyu1241,njt,,SR,South America,Pidgin or Creole,dormant,ISO 639-3,njt, +4867,Koireng,,24.2319,93.7463,koir1240,nkd,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nkd,Kwoireng; Koirng; Kolren; Koren; Quoireng; Liyang; Liyangmai; Liangmai; Liangmei; Lyengmai +487,Horom,,9.486,9.14,horo1245,hoe,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hoe,Kaleri +4870,Nokuku,,-14.85,166.581,noku1237,nkk,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkk,Nogugu +4871,Namat,,-8.83885,141.6379,nama1267,nkm,,PG,Pacific,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkm, +4873,Nukuoro,,3.83333333333,154.916666667,nuku1260,nkr,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nkr,Nukoro; Nuguor +4877,Ngarla,,-20.37356029,118.8259443,ngar1286,nlr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nlr,Nga:la; Ngala; Ngerla; Ngurla; Ngirla; Gnalla; Ngalana; Kudjunguru; Wanbarda; Bedengo; Ngaea; Ngoorla; Palatoj; Pardoo; Pedong; Peedona; Peedong; Pidungu; Ngalawanga; Ngalawarngga; Inawonga; Ngalawonga +4878,Grangali,,34.577794,70.614244,gran1245,nli,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nli,Glangali; Nangalāmi; Nigalāmi; Nangalami; Gelangali; Jumiaki; Dardu +4879,Nihali,,20.5402,76.0913,niha1238,nll,"While typically considered a language isolate, various hypotheses have been put forward linking Nihali genetically to languages such as Nostratic, Kusunda, Ainu, and the Munda languages (though none have demonstrated conclusive evidence for any genetic affiliation). Shailendra Mohan during 2012-2013 was awarded a grant from the Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project in order to produce a grammar, lexicon, and text collection of the language. Materials from this project are still forthcoming as of 08/2014.",IN,South Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,nll,Nihal; Nahali; Kalto +488,Sur,,9.494627,9.448054,surr1238,tdl,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tdl,Tapshin; Tapshinawa; Suru; Myet; Nsur; Dishili +4880,Nimanburru,,-17.32739252,123.0695845,nima1245,nmp,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nmp,Nimanbur; Nimanboru; Nimanboro; Wadiabulu +4881,Nimbari,,9.116667,13.716667,nimb1256,nmr,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,nmr,Niamniam; Nyamnyam; Bari; Nimbari-Kebi; Nyam-Nyam du Mayo-Kebi +4883,Namonuito,,8.6299,150.0128,namo1247,nmt,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmt,Namon Weite +4884,Maidu,,40.4134,-120.6738,nort2952,nmu,"Chico Maidu is sometimes considered a separate language, sometimes a divergent dialect; Kroeber grouped Valley Konkow and Chico Maidu together as ""Valley Maidu"" (Golla 2011:138). ",US,North America,Maiduan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nmu,Northeastern Maidu; Mountain Maidu; Northeast Maidu +4885,Ngamini,,-27.07538021,139.0719368,ngam1265,nmv,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nmv,Yarluyandi; Yarluyandji; Karangura; A:mini; Agaminni; Ahminie; Ahminnie; Amini; Aumine; Auminie; Aurnini; Awmani; Gnameni; Ngaminni; Ngnaminni; Ominee; Uminnie; Ngameni; Ganmeni; Unminnie; Karanguru; Kurangooroo; Jeljendi; Jeljujendi; Yelyayendi; Yarleeyandee +4887,Yangkaal,,-16.906858,137.740956,nyan1300,nny,,AU,Australia,Tangkic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nny,Jangga; Jang-Kala; Janjula; Leanawa; Leeanuwa; Njangga; Njanggala; Nyangga; Njangkala; Anyuwa; Aniula; Anjula; Anula; Anuwa; Anyoola; Anyula; Unalla; Yangala; Yangarella; Yanggal; Yanula; Yanular; Yanyuwa; Yuckamurri; Yuggamurra; Djirukurumbant; Iangkala; Janga; Jangaa; Southern Tangkic; Yangkaal-Kayardild; South Wellesley +489,Ayu,,9.293779,8.615738,ayuu1242,ayu,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ayu,Aya +4890,Nen,,-8.62,142.03,nenn1238,nqn,,PG,Pacific,Morehead-Upper Maro,endangered,ISO 639-3,nqn, +4891,Farsaf,,-15.536871,167.024129,nara1263,nrg,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,nrg,Narango; Nambel +4892,Ngomburr,,-12.98243877,132.2517098,ngur1260,nrx,,AU,Australia,,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nrx,Ngormbur; Gnormbur; Gnumbu; Koarnbut; Ngumbur; Oormbur; Ngormbal; Ambugula; Ambuku:la; Corm-bur; Gnornbur; Nambuguja; Ngombur; Ngorbu; Ngorbur; Ngormbu; Ngorm-bur; Ngumbu; Ngurmbu; Ngurrumbudj; Numbu-gala; Oorm-bur; Ngurmbur +4894,Ngasa,,-2.932,37.4853,ngas1238,nsg,,KE TZ,Africa,Nilotic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nsg,Shaka; Ongamo +4896,Maritime Sign Language,,45.04,-63.88,mari1381,nsr,,CA,North America,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nsr,Nova Scotian Sign Language +4898,Nisenan,,39.0,-121.0,nise1244,nsz,,US,North America,Maiduan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nsz,South Maidu; Neeshenam; Pujuni; Nishinam; Southern Maidu; Wapumni +4899,Natanzi,,33.466425,51.951697,nata1252,ntz,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,ntz, +490,Sheni,,10.416667,8.75,shen1251,scv,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,scv,Shenanci; Seni; Shani; Shaini +4900,Ngala,,-4.22804,142.5105,ngal1300,nud,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,endangered,ISO 639-3,nud,Gala; Kara; Nggala; Sogap; Swagup +4901,Nungali,,-14.92708592,131.1442419,nung1291,nug,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nug,Ilngali; Jilngali +4902,Nusa Laut,,-6.7331,129.5288,nusa1245,nul,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,nul,Nusalaut +4904,Anong,,27.2,98.6333,nung1282,nun,,CN MM,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nun,Anung; Anoong; Añú; Nu; Lu; Lutzu; Lutze; Kiutze; Khanung; Kwinp'ang; Khupang; Kwingsang; Fuch'ye; Anu; Nu-tzŭ; Kuhpang; 阿儂語; ရဝမ် +4906,Nawaru,,-9.43713,148.3008,nawa1258,nwr,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,nwr,Sirio +4907,Ngawun,,-20.00086144,141.7753193,ngaw1240,nxn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nxn,Ngaun; Ngaon; Nouun; Naungaun +4908,Nyeu,,14.88,104.33,nyeu1238,nyl,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,nyl,Yeu; Yoe +4909,Nayini,,34.176006,53.750797,nayi1242,nyq,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nyq,Biyabanak +4910,Nyawaygi,,-18.82290222,146.1701373,nyaw1247,nyt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyt,Yi; Nawagi; Nyawigi; Geugagi.; Lolo +4911,Nyulnyul,,-16.87658868,122.8231991,nyul1247,nyv,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyv,Nyul-Nyul; Niol-Niol; Nyolnyol; Njul-Njul; Nyul Nyul; Njolnjol; Nyul-nyul; Nyool Nyool +4912,Oblo,,9.466672,13.850012,oblo1238,obl,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,obl, +4913,Ocuiltec,,19.39,-99.92,atzi1235,ocu,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,ocu,Ocuilteco; Okwilteko; Atzinca; Pirinda; Matlatzinca (Atzingo); Tlahuica; Atzingo; Matlatzinca; Atzingo; Atzinteco; Tlahura +4914,Odut,,5.3077,8.2672,odut1238,oda,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,oda, +4915,Eastern Ojibwe,,44.8381,-80.1983,east2542,ojg,"Golla (2007): Nishnaabemwin represents the linguistic and social fusion of two historically distinct communities, the Ottawa (Odawa) and the Eastern Ojibwe.",CA,North America,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ojg,Eastern Ojibwa; Ojibwe; Ojibway; Ojibwa; Mississauga; Anishinaabemowin +4918,Walungge,,27.6831,87.8256,walu1241,ola,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ola,Olangchung Gola; Walungchung Gola; Walung; Walunggi Keccya; Halung +4919,Olekha,,27.1291,90.1109,olek1239,ole,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ole,Monpa; Ole Mönpa; 'Olekha; Black Mountain +4921,Omotik,,-1.115,35.9143,omot1239,omt,,KE,Africa,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,omt, +4925,Önge,,10.75,92.4166666667,onge1236,oon,,IN,South Asia,South Andamanese,threatened,ISO 639-3,oon,Ong; Onge +4927,Ópata,,29.1666666667,-109.666666667,opat1246,opt,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,dormant,ISO 639-3,opt,Opata; Opatan; Teguima +4928,Orang Kanaq,,1.8858,103.9814,oran1258,orn,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,orn, +4929,Orang Seletar,,1.3387,103.464,oran1259,ors,,MY SG,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ors, +4930,Ormuri,,32.692403,69.286792,ormu1247,oru,,AF PK,South Asia; Near East,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,oru,Ormari; Warmaro; Oormuri; Urmuri; Ormur; Ormui; Bargista; Baraks; Baraki; Burki +4931,Osage,,36.6683,-96.3316,osag1243,osa,,US,North America,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,osa,Wazhazhe ie +4934,Mezquital Otomí,,20.1666666667,-99.1666666667,mezq1235,ote,"Ethnologue has 9 Otomí languages: +Otomi, Eastern Highland [otm] +Otomi, Estado de México [ots] +Otomi, Ixtenco [otz] +Otomi, Mezquital [ote] +Otomi, Querétaro [otq] +Otomi, Temoaya [ott] +Otomi, Tenango [otn] +Otomi, Texcatepec [otx +Otomi, Tilapa [otl]. +INALI also has 9 ""variantes"" of Otomí. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,at risk,ISO 639-3,ote,Othomí; Otomí (Mezquital); Otomi (Mezquital); Otomi; Mezquital; Hñahñu; Otomí del Valle del Mezquital; Otomi +4936,Tilapa Otomí,,19.44,-99.51,tila1239,otl,"Ethnologue has 9 Otomí languages: +Otomi, Eastern Highland [otm] +Otomi, Estado de México [ots] +Otomi, Ixtenco [otz] +Otomi, Mezquital [ote] +Otomi, Querétaro [otq] +Otomi, Temoaya [ott] +Otomi, Tenango [otn] +Otomi, Texcatepec [otx +Otomi, Tilapa [otl]. +INALI also has 9 ""variantes"" of Otomí. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,otl,Otomí; Othomí; Otomi; Tilapa; Otomi +4937,Otoro,,11.1666666667,30.5,otor1240,otr,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,otr,Utoro; Dhitoro; Litoro; Kawama; Kawarma +4938,Ottawa,,42.6068,-82.5195,otta1242,otw,"Commonly referred to as Odawa in Canada and as Ottawa in the US. +Ethnologue calls Ottawa a member of the Ojibwa ""macro-language.""",US CA,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,otw,Odawa; Odaawaa; Eastern Ojibwa +4939,Ixtenco Otomí,,19.21,-98.03,ixte1237,otz,"Ethnologue has 9 Otomí languages: +Otomi, Eastern Highland [otm] +Otomi, Estado de México [ots] +Otomi, Ixtenco [otz] +Otomi, Mezquital [ote] +Otomi, Querétaro [otq] +Otomi, Temoaya [ott] +Otomi, Tenango [otn] +Otomi, Texcatepec [otx +Otomi, Tilapa [otl]. +INALI also has 9 ""variantes"" of Otomí. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,ISO 639-3,otz,Yühmü; Ixtenco; Otomi; Ixtenco; Southeastern Otomí; Otomi; Otomí +4940,Ouma,,-10.233,149.1,ouma1237,oum,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,oum, +4943,Parya,,38.5094,68.0932,pary1242,paq,,UZ TJ AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,paq,Asiatic Romany; Afghana-Yi Nasfurush; Afghana-Yi Siyarui; Laghmani; Pbharya +4944,Panamint,,36.4555,-116.8666,pana1305,par,Tümpisa (Timbasha) (in Death Valley) is transitional between Eastern and Western Panamint (Golla 2011: 174).,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,par,Panamint Shoshone; Tümpisa Shoshone; Timbisha; Death Valley; Tümpisa; Koso; Coso; Koso Shoshone +4946,Pech,,15.0,-85.5,pech1241,pay,,HN,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pay,Paya; Seco; Bayano; Taia; Towka +4948,Mak (Nigeria),,9.312003,11.19101,makn1235,pbl,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pbl,Panyam; Panya; Leemak; Lemak; Zo +4949,Badyara,,12.4043,-13.5736,bady1239,pbp,,SN GN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbp,Badara; Badian; Badjara; Badyaranke; Pajade; Pajadinka; Gola; Bigola; Padjade; Bandjana +4950,Pyu,,-4.5,140.9,pyuu1245,pby,,ID PG,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,pby, +4952,Duruwa,,19.0534,82.4881,duru1236,pci,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pci,Parji; Parji (Dravidian); Dhurwa; Dhruva; Durva; Parjhi; Paraja; Parajhi; Thakara; Tagara; Tugara +4953,Gorum,,18.667,83.0346,pare1266,pcj,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pcj,Gorum; Pareng; Parengi; Gadaba; Parenga Parja; Parenji; Poroja; Gorum Sama; Parengi Poroja +4954,Anam,,-4.811839,145.008545,anam1247,pda,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,pda,Pondoma +4955,Pa Di,,26.31,103.49,padi1241,pdi,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Tai-Kadai,threatened,ISO 639-3,pdi,Padi +4960,Pááfang,,7.6198,155.1571,paaf1237,pfa,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,pfa, +4961,Pangwali,,33.4589,76.9152,pang1282,pgg,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,pgg,Satlaj; Pahari; Pangi; Pangwali Pahari +4964,Phula,,22.7833,105.4666,phuk1235,phh,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,phh,Phù Lá; Phu Khla; Fu Khla; Phù Lá Hán; Phu La; Phu Kha +4965,Phalura,,35.494814,71.82305,phal1254,phl,,PK,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,phl,Palūla; Palola; Dangarīk; Palula; Phalulo; Dangarik; Biyori; Dardu +4966,Phana',,20.428956,100.484125,phan1254,phq,,CN LA,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,phq,Pana; Bana; Phana +4967,O'ob,,29.0,-111.0,pima1248,pia,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,pia,Lower Piman; Mountain Pima; Névome; Pima Bajo +4968,Piame,,-4.9,142.85,piam1243,pin,,PG,Pacific,Sepik,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pin,Biami +4969,Pitta-Pitta,,-23.87032743,139.6751887,pitt1247,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,,pit; lnw; wky,Pita Pita; Pitha-Pitha; Bidhabidha; Bida-Bida; Bidabida; Bidha-Bidha; Bitta Bitta; BittaBitta; Bittha Bittha; Pitapita; Pita-Pita; Pitha Pitha; Pittapitta; Wangkahicho; Wangkahichs; Wangkapit:a; Pitta Pitta; Lanima; Lhanima; Ulaolinya; Yurlayurlanya; Wanggadjara; Wanggayudyuru; Wangkayutjuru; Wangkayutyuru; Wangka-Yutjuru +4971,Pankhu,,22.68,92.95,pank1249,pkh,,IN BD,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pkh,Pankho; Pankhua; Pang Khua; Pankua; Paang; Pang; Panko; Pangkhu; Pangkhua +4972,Pakanh,,-15.274264,142.706775,paka1251,pkn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pkn,Bakanha; Bakanh; Ajabakan; Aiabakan; Bakanu; Baganu; Yir Mayan; Uw Ayan; Koko-Jan; YirrqMayvn; Uw-Ayan; Pakanha +4973,Pukapuka,,-10.871,-165.8441,puka1242,pkp,,NZ CK,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,pkp,Bukabukan; Pukapukan +4975,Polci,,10.133333,9.6,polc1243,plj,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,plj,Posə; Posa; Posi; Palci; Pəlci; Palchi; Polchi; Polshi; Posanchi +4976,Palenquero,,10.0952,-75.1142,pale1260,pln,,CO,South America,Pidgin or Creole,endangered,ISO 639-3,pln,Lengua; Palenque +4977,Oluta Popoluca,,17.95,-95.0,olut1240,plo,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,plo,Popoluca de Oluta; Oluteco (Popoluca de Oluta); Oluta Popoluca; Popoluca; Oluta; Oluta; Olutec; Popoluca (Oluta); Oluta Mixean; Oluta Popoluca +4978,Northern Pame,,21.9955,-99.6458,nort2984,pmq,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Pame languages: +Pame, Central [pbs] +Pame, Northern [pmq] +Pame, Southern [pmz]. +INALI distinguishes 2 ""variantes"" of Pame. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pmq,Xi'iuy; Pame; Pamean; Pame; Northern; Pame del Norte +4979,Manat,,-4.94,144.88,payn1244,pmr,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pmr,Paynamar +4980,Plains Miwok,,38.0,-121.0,plai1259,pmw,,US,North America,Utian,dormant,ISO 639-3,pmw,Miwok (Plains); Miwok; Plains; Valley Miwok +4984,Pinikura,,-22.18535,116.185064,pini1244,pnv,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,pnv,Binnigoora; Biniguru; Binnigora; Pinikurra; Binigura; Pinigura +4985,Pana (Central African Republic),,7.305375,15.741636,pana1293,pnz,,NG CM TD CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pnz,Pani +4986,Poqomam,,14.73,-89.74,poqo1253,poc,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,poc,Pokomam; Pocomam; Pocomám +4987,Southeastern Pomo,,39.0,-122.5,sout2982,pom,,US,North America,Pomoan,awakening,ISO 639-3,pom,Pomo; Southeastern; Lower Lake Pomo; Southeast Pomo; Pomo (Southeastern); Lower Lake; Southeast Clear Lake Pomo +5005,Tasawaq,,16.785806,6.930974,tasa1240,twq,,NG,Africa,Songhay,threatened,ISO 639-3,twq,Ingelshi; Tasawa +5007,Bali,,7.85938,10.970208,bali1245,bcn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bcn,Bibaali; Maya; Abaali; Ibaali +5008,Bina,,10.2868,8.19726,bina1270,byj,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,byj,Bogana; Binawa +5009,Daba,,10.1666666667,13.75,nucl1683,dbq,,NG CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbq,Dabba; Kola +5011,Doka,,11.992812,8.301949,doka1242,dbi,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbi, +5012,Dungu,,10.5043,8.19543,dung1254,dbv,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbv,Dungi; Dingi; Dwingi; Dunjawa +5013,Firan,,9.600025,8.666694,fira1238,fir,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,fir,Fəran; Frisian; Faran; Foron; Yes Firan; Kwakwi +5014,Hungworo,,10.187268,6.253431,hung1276,nat,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nat,Ngwoi; Nkwoi; Ngwe; Ingwo; Ingwe; Ungwe +5015,Idon,,10.2175,7.78151,idon1238,idc,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,idc,Idong +5016,Janji,,10.054727,8.799942,janj1240,jni,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,jni,Anafejanzi; Jenji; Tijanji; Ajanji +5017,Kaivi,,10.4328,8.10795,kaiv1238,kce,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kce,Kaibi +5018,Kariya,,10.908788,9.774494,kari1316,kil,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kil,Kariyu; Kauyawa; Lipkawa; Vinahe; Wihe +5019,Koenoem,,9.069551,9.412125,koen1239,kcs,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kcs,Kanam; Korenoem +5020,Kono,,10.495914,8.354691,kono1264,klk,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,klk,Konu; Kwono; Kowono +5021,Kubi,,10.897368,10.38335,kubi1239,kof,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,kof,Deno; Denawa; Denwa; Be; Kuba; Kubawa +5022,Kugbo,,4.74615,6.651764,kugb1241,kes,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kes, +5023,Kupto,,10.7074,11.4953,kutt1236,kpa,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kpa,Kutto; Kúttò +5024,Kuturmi,,10.159505,7.969002,kutu1262,khj,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khj,Ada +5025,Mághdì,,9.2888,11.0232,magh1238,gmd,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gmd,Tala; Widala; Maghdi +5026,Mala,,10.579561,8.096494,mala1471,ruy,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruy,Rumaya; Rumaiya; Amala; Tumala +5027,Mbongno,,6.766898,11.060379,mbon1253,bgu,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgu,Bungnu; Bunu; Bungun; Gbunhu; Kakaba; Kamkam; Mbogno +5028,Mingang Doso,,9.25942,11.295,ming1254,mko,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mko,Munga Doso; Ngwai Mungàn; Doso; Munga +5029,Nggwahyi,,10.572872,12.956795,nggw1242,ngx,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ngx,Ngwaxi; Ngwohi +5030,Piti,,10.1361,8.47037,piti1243,pcn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,pcn,Pitti; Abisi; Bisi +5031,Ruma,,10.563422,8.195389,ruma1250,ruz,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ruz,Ruruma; Rurama; Turama; Bagwama +5032,Sha,,9.23281,8.77569,shaa1247,scw,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,scw, +5033,Shiki,,10.5238,9.72769,shik1242,gua,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gua,Gubi; Guba; Gubawa; Mashiki +5034,Surubu,,10.232492,8.203251,suru1258,sde,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sde,Srubu; Fiti; Skrubu; Zurubu +5035,Tumi,,10.417554,8.680549,tumi1238,kku,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kku,Tutumi; Kitimi +5036,Wãpha,,9.13,9.923,waph1238,juw,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,juw,Wase; Wase Tofa; Jukun Wase +504,Dyirbal,,-17.74,145.742,dyir1250,dbl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dbl,Chirpa; Chirpalji; Choolngai; Djalnguy; Djirbal; Djirbaldji; Djiribal; Djirubal; Dyarbal; Dyirbaldyi; Dyirbalngan; Ngiloongo-I; Njirma; Tjirbal; Tyirbal; Jirrbal; Dyalnguy +5042,Kpan,,7.58333333333,10.1666666667,kpan1246,kpk,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kpk,Eregba; Yorda; Ibukwo; Kpwate; Hwaye; Hwaso; Nyatso; Kpanten; Ikpan; Abakan; Nyonyo +5046,Izora,,8.843688,10.361742,izor1238,cbo,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,cbo,Chokobo; Cokobo; Cikobu; Chikobo; Cokobanci; Azora; Zora +5047,Shanga,,11.213681,4.579061,shan1282,sho,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sho,Shangawa; Shonga; Shongawa +5048,Shirawa,,,,shir1268,,,NG,Africa,,,LINGUIST List,0ii,Shira +5049,Mwini,,0.934354,43.560612,mwin1241,,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,swh-mwi,Mwiini; Chimwiini; Af-Chimwiini; Barwaani; Bravanese; Chimiini +5051,Garre,,2.226453,44.650469,garr1259,gex,,SO,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gex,Af-Garre +5052,Mushungulu,,0.00689,42.6626,mush1238,xma,,SO,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xma,Kimushungulu; Mushunguli; Chizigula; Kizigua +5053,Tunni,,2.152814,43.016762,tunn1238,tqq,,SO,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tqq,Af-Tunni +5054,Aka,,11.0112,34.2333,akaa1242,soh,,SD,Africa,Eastern Jebel,endangered,ISO 639-3,soh,Sillok; Jebels Sillok; Jebel Silak; Fa-C-Aka +5055,Baygo,,11.7436,24.6423,bayg1239,byg,No known speakers,SD,Africa,Daju,dormant,ISO 639-3,byg,Baigo; Bego; Beko; Beigo; Béogé; Beygo +5056,Nyamusa-Molo,,5.572933,30.280277,nyam1279,nwm,,SS,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,nwm, +5057,Suri,,6.4899,34.3212,suri1267,suq,,ET SS,Africa,Surmic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,suq,Surma; Shuri; Churi; Dhuri; Shuro; Eastern Suri; Tirmaga +5059,Gbaya,,8.5,24.5,gbay1288,krs,,SD CF SS,Africa,Kresh-Aja,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krs,Kresh; Kreish; Kreich; Kredj; Kparla; Kpala; Kpara +5060,Tennet,,4.8611,33.2226,tenn1246,tex,,SS,Africa,Surmic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tex,Tenet +5062,Bondei,,-5.10749,38.5079,bond1247,bou,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bou,Kibondei; Bonde +5063,Doe,,-6.25844,38.4902,doee1238,doe,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,doe,Dohe; Kidoe +5064,Burunge,,-4.7297,35.7769,buru1320,bds,,TZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,bds,Bulunge; Mbulugwe; Burungi; Mbulunge +5065,Holoholo,,-5.16666666667,29.9166666667,holo1240,hoo,,BW ZW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hoo,Kiholoholo; Horohoro; Guha; Kalanga; Kikalanga; Ikalanga; Lilima; Sekalaka; Chikalanga +5066,Ikizu,,-1.9915,34.3589,ikiz1238,ikz,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ikz,Ikikizo; Ikikizu; Kiikizu +5067,Ikoma,,-1.979205,34.58416,ikom1245,ntk,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ntk,Nata; Ikinata; Ekinata; Egiikɔma +5068,Isanzu,,-3.99991,34.846,isan1243,isn,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,isn,Kinyihanzu; Kinyisanzu +5069,Kabwa,,-1.7124,34.3923,kabw1241,cwa,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cwa, +507,Eyak,,60.526294,-145.6351157,eyak1241,eya,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,eya,dAXunhyuuga' +5070,Makwe,,-10.614748,40.382975,makw1236,ymk,,TZ MZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ymk,Kimakwe; Palma; Macue; Makwe; Maraba +5071,Segeju,,-4.8173,39.0783,sege1246,seg,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,seg,Kisegeju; Sageju; Sengeju +5072,Pimbwe,,-6.539103,31.035948,pimb1238,piw,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,piw,Ichipimbwe; Cipimbwe; Kipimbwe +5073,Vinza,,-5.104751,30.380409,vinz1238,vin,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vin, +5076,Wanda,,-7.966843,31.614777,wand1264,wbh,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wbh,Iciwanda; Ichiwanda; Wandia; Vanda; Kiwanda +5077,Miyobe,,9.94366,1.33302,miyo1238,soy,,TG BJ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,soy,Soruba; Mi yɔbɛ; Bijobe; Biyobe; Sorouba; Solla; Uyobe; Meyobe; Kayobe; Kuyobe; Sola; Solamba; Kyobe +5078,Kpessi,,7.987795,1.191023,kpes1238,kef,,TG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kef,Kpesi; Kpétsi +5079,Igo,,7.2,0.7,igoo1238,ahl,,TG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ahl,Ahlõ; Ahlon; Achlo; Anlo; Ago; Ahonlan; Ahlon-Bogo +5080,Bago-Kusuntu,,8.52697,1.41214,bago1245,bqg,,TG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqg,Bago; Koussountou +5081,Soo,,2.161,34.5986,sooo1256,teu,,UG,Africa,Kuliak,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,teu,So; Tepeth; Tepes +5082,Yauma,,-17.596249,23.376451,yaum1238,yax,,AO ZM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yax, +5083,Dombe,,-18.37,26.502,domb1246,dov,,ZW,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dov, +5087,Central Tagbanwa,,10.771254,119.377441,cent2090,tgt,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tgt, +509,Guana (Brazil),,-21.0685,-56.2765,guan1270,gqn,"Ethnologue gives Guana (Kinikinao, Chuala, Chana, East Paraná, Kinihinao, Equinao) as a separate language, related to Terêna [ter]. Crevels (2012:182) lists Kinikinau (Guaná) as a distinct language. For others, this Guaná is not distinct from Terena. + +Not to be confused with Guaná of Paraguay [gva] (Mascoyan).",BR,South America,Arawakan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gqn,Guaná; Etelena; Guaná; Chané; Kinikinao; Kinihinao; Kinikinau; Chuala; Chana; East Paraná; Equinao +5092,Teribe,,9.33333333333,-82.6666666667,teri1250,tfr,"""The language known as Térraba or Brorán in Costa Rica is an almost-extinct dialect of Teribe with five elderly living speakers as of 1991 (Grimes 1996:60). According to Teribes who have conversed with these Térraba speakers, the two dialects are easily mutually intelligible."" (Oakes 2001:3)",CR PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tfr,Tiribí; Tirub; Terraba; Naso; Tirribi; Norteño; Quequexque; Tiribi +5093,Tefaro,,-2.35,136.75,tefa1238,tfo,,ID,Southeast Asia,East Geelvink Bay,endangered,ISO 639-3,tfo,Demba +5094,Tulishi,,11.5984,29.0917,tuli1249,tey,,SD,Africa,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tey,Tulesh; Thulishi; Kuntulishi; Tuleshi +5095,Temein,,11.9166666667,29.4166666667,nucl1339,teq,,SD,Africa,Temein,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,teq,Temainian; Rone; Ronge +5098,Teressa,,7.915,93.3837,tere1272,tef,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,tef,Taih-Long; Teressa-Bompoka; Təih-lɔng; Luro; Pauhut; Powahat +5099,Huehuetla Tepehua,,20.5,-98.0,hueh1236,tee,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Tepehua languages: +Tepehua, Huehuetla [tee] +Tepehua, Pisaflores [tpp] +Tepehua, Tlachichilco [tpt]. +INALI also distinguishes 3 ""variantes"" of Tepehua. + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tee,Tepewa; Huehuetla; Tepehua de Hidalgo; Tepehua de Huehuetla; Tepehua; Tepewa +510,Chitimacha,,29.6666666667,-91.0,chit1248,ctm,,US,North America,Isolate,awakening,ISO 639-3,ctm, +5100,Temiar,,5.0,101.5,temi1246,tea,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tea,Temer; Northern Sakai; Seroq; Pie; Sakai; Nord Sakai +5101,Thulung,,27.4534,86.6423,thul1246,tdh,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tdh,Rai; Thulunge Rai; Thulu Luwa; Thululoa; Thulung La; Tholong Lo; Thulung Jemu; Toaku Lwa +5103,Toda,,11.3184,76.8273,toda1252,tcx,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tcx,Todi; Tuda +5107,Tchitchege,,-1.8508,13.612,tchi1245,tck,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tck, +5111,Tumtum,,10.477,30.4321,tumt1243,tbr,,SD,Africa,Kadu,threatened,ISO 639-3,tbr, +5114,Dharawal,,-25.68629188,145.6371438,thur1254,tbh,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tbh,Tharawal; Darawal; Carawal; Turawal; Thurrawal; Thurrawall; Turuwal; Turuwul; Turrubul; Tutuwull; Ta-ga-ry; Five Islands tribe; Dharawaal; Dharawa; Turuwull; Thurawal +5115,Tocho,,10.8764,30.1135,toch1257,taz,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,taz,Toicho; Tacho +5125,Hlersu,,24.622,101.482,hler1235,hle,classified under the Yi Nationality ,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hle,Shansu; Lesu; Sansu; 勒蘇; 山蘇; 散蘇; 勒寺帕 [ɬɛɾ55 sɿ55 pha21]; 勒寺潑 [ɬɛɾ55 sɿ55 pho21] +5128,Cinta Larga,,-11.4154,-59.7216,cint1239,cin,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,cin, +5129,Central Lalo,,25.227212,100.307175,xish1235,ywt,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ywt,Lalo; Lalopa; Laluo; Misapa; Xishanba Lalo; 中臘羅語 +5131,Lamu,,26.2434,100.8654,lamu1257,llh,Closely related to Lisu.,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,llh, +5132,Naluo,,26.629637,101.265891,nalu1239,ylo,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ylo,Gan Yi; Laluo; Naruo; Shui Yi; Shuitian; 納羅; 巧武土語 +5134,Diahói,,-7.9939,-62.1936,diah1239,,"Ethnologue considers Diahói (Jahui, Giahoi) a dialect of Tenharim [pah]. Others consider it a distinct language. + +The Kawahíwa people started moving to Rondônia from Mato-Grosso, by the second half of the 18th century, and they definitively started separating from each other. The Parintintín, Tenharin and Djiahúj (Diahói) were one group at that time, and then they split in three different groups. Their languages are still very close, but their own feeling is that they speak different languages although they are intelligible. There are also lexical differences, different idioms, and morphosyntactic differences as well. And they are also differentiated culturally from each other in some aspects. Tenharin is the only language that is still spoken as the main language of communication by old people, and by some young people as well. (Personal communication, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral, 2016.)",BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,pah-dia,Diahui; Jahoi; Jahui; Diarrui; Djiahúi +514,Seneca,,42.5,-77.5,sene1264,see,,US CA,North America,Iroquoian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,see,Tsonnontouan; Taroko +5145,Cahuarano,,-3.728803,-73.920783,cahu1268,cah,"Crevels (2012:211): SIL reported five speakers of Cahuarano in 1975, but today the language is probably extinct. + +Kaufman (2007: 69) considers Iquito-Cahuarano as a single language, where others separate the two.",PE,South America,Zaparoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,cah, +5146,Shom Peng,,7.02,93.81,shom1245,sii,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sii,Shom Pen; Shompeng; Shompen; Shobang; Inland of Great Nicobar; Inlanddialekt; Shom-Pen; ʃom-pe +5147,Kimki,,-4.27,140.88,kimk1238,sbt,,ID,Southeast Asia,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sbt,Aipki; Kimgi; Sukubatom; Sukubatong +5148,Namla,,-3.58,140.66,naml1240,naa,Possibly related to Tofanma.,ID,Southeast Asia,Namla-Tofanma,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,naa, +5149,Pei,,-4.51867,142.2774,peii1238,ppq,,PG,Pacific,,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ppq,Pai +515,Seediq,,23.77,121.35,taro1264,trv,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,trv,Taroko; Sediq; Saediq; Seedik; Sejiq; Sedeq; Seedek; Seedeq; Shedekka; Sedek; Sediakk; Sedik; Sazek; Bu-Hwan; Che-Hwan; Daiya-Ataiyal; Hogo; Iboho; Paran; Taruku; Toroko; Truku; Toda; Taroko; 賽德克語; 太魯閣語; 都達方言; Tgdaya +5152,Isolado do Tanaru,,,,isol1239,,"This ""language"" refers to only one individual, the ""Tanaru Isolated Indian,"" the last survivor of an unknown indigenous group that was massacred by ranchers during the 1980s and 1990. He was born around 1960 (according to estimates), now alone in region west of Rondonia, near the town of Corumbiara. He is often called ""the Indian of the hole"", because of a hole of about one meter long, half a meter wide, and more than three meters deep which he is always digs in the straw huts that he builds to live in. This case is reported frequently in media and other reports. For example, see http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndio_do_Buraco, http://telmadmonteiro.blogspot.com/2009/04/o-indigena-da-terra-tanaru-simbolo-da.html, etc. +",BR,South America,,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kq,Isolado do Buraco +5153,Northern Emberá,,6.83333333333,-77.1666666667,nort2972,emp,"The Emberá dialect continuum (Catío, Chamí, Napipí River, Saija, Sambú) includes Southern Emberá and Northern Emberá (Emperã, Eberã Bed’ea, Eperã Pedea, Atrato, Darién, Dariena, Panama Embera, Eberã, Cholo [Choco]). + +Ethnologue lists 6 distinct Emberá languages, 2 Northern Emberá: + Emberá-Catío [cto] + Northern Emberá [Emp] + +and 4 Southern Emberá: + Emberá-Baudó [bdc] + Emberá-Chamí [cmi] + Epena (Emberá-Saija) [sjia] + Emberá-Tadó [tdc].",CO PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chocoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,emp,Emperã; Eberã Bed'ea; Eperã Pedea; Atrato; Darién; Dariena; Panama Embera; Eberã; Cholo; Choco; Emberá; Northern; Empera; Ebera Bedea; Darien; Eerã; Embera; Northern Ember; Andagueda; Northern Ępęra; Emperá; Emberá +5155,Tanimuca-Retuarã,,-0.5,-70.6666666667,tani1257,tnc,Tanimuca and Retuarã are 2 ethnic groups living near each other who speak the same language (Ethnologue 2016).,CO,South America,Tucanoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tnc,Uairã; Tanimuca-Letuama; Retuama; Retuarã; Letuama; Letuhama; Ufaina; Tanimuca-Retuar +5159,Macaguaje,,0.491972,-76.244411,maca1261,mcl,"Some consider Macaguaje and Secoya (Siona-Secoya [snn, sey]) to be varieties of the same language.",CO,South America,Tucanoan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mcl, +5162,Mawayana,,1.5159,-58.4143,mapi1252,,"Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2016) has two codes for two ""languages"" which are apparently a single language, Madipian [mpw] in Brazil (with alternate name Mawayana), and Mawayana [mzx] in Guyana -- both said to be among the Waiwai.",BR GY SR,South America,Arawakan,critically endangered,,mzx; mpw,Mahuayana; Madipian; Maiopitian; Maopityan +5166,Enxet Sur,,-22.5,-59.0,sout2989,enx,,PY,South America,Enlhet-Enenlhet (Mascoyan),threatened,ISO 639-3,enx,Lengua Sur; Lengua; Enlhit; Enhlit; Enlhit Nipiyam; Chánepyeyam +5168,Zauzou,,26.1554,99.2944,zauz1238,zal,classified under the Nu 怒 nationality in China,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,zal,Rouruo; Raoruo; Jaojo; Independent Lolo; 柔若語 +5170,Harakmbut,,-13.366,-71.166,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Harákmbut languages: Amarakaeri [amr] and Huachipaeri [hug], but mentions under Amarakaeri that ""Amarakaeri and Huachipaeri [hug] are considered to be dialects of the same language, Harakbut."" Others recognize only one language, or two ""emergent languages.""",BR PE,South America,Harakmbut-Katukinan,endangered,,hug; amr,"Harákmbut; Harakmbet; Hate; Ate; Tuyoneri; Harakmbut; Harakmbut; Amarakaeri; Amarakaéri; Amarakaire; Amaracaire; Mashco (""Mashco"" is a derogatory term); Harakbut; Arazaeri; Arasairi; Huachipaeri; Huachipayri; Wacipairi; Kisamberi; Pukirieri; Puncuri; Toyoeri; Toioeri; Toyeri; Tuyune" +5172,Talu,,26.5623,102.8506,talu1238,yta,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yta,Taliu; Tagu; Tazhi; 他留話 +5173,Samatu,,23.762,98.825,sama1296,,Not to be confused with Samataw (Samatao) [ysd] spoken in the Kunming area.,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1hp,Samadu +5175,Tanglang,,26.0863,99.7119,tang1372,ytl,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ytl,Tholo; 堂郎語 +5177,Wiru,,-6.43333,144.1333,wiru1244,wiu,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wiu,Witu +5180,Tazhi,,27.045453,101.969517,tazh1234,,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,1ho, +5181,Chepya,,21.3833,101.8166,chep1243,ycp,,LA,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ycp, +5185,Muda,,21.8421,100.6851,muda1235,ymd,Closely related to Akha but distinct (Bradley 2007).,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ymd,Muta +5188,Phunoi,,21.6833,102.1,phun1245,pho,"Includes five distinct varieties, total 23, 618 members (Bradley 2007).",LA,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pho,Phounoy; Phu Noi; Punoi; Khoany; Mung; Khaskhong; Hwethom; Sinsali +5190,Sangkong,,21.5158,100.6957,sang1320,sgk,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sgk,Buxia; 桑孔話; 布下土語; 布夏語 +5191,Assangori,,13.75,21.5,assa1269,sjg,,SD TD,Africa,Taman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjg,Sungor; Soungor; Assoungor; Azanguri; Asong; Asungore; Bognak-Asungorung; Madungore; Assagori; Azangori; Asongori; Erenga; Shaale +5192,Sila,,22.3094,102.041,sila1247,slt,"Kha Pai, ‘white slaves’, is a former pejorative name, and Asong is the name under which the earliest data was recorded in the 1890s (Bradley 2007).",VN LA,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,slt,Sida; Asong; Kha Pai +5193,Kathu,,24.136,105.249,kath1251,ykt,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ykt,Gasu +5194,Mo'ang,,23.8421,103.9116,maan1239,,,CN VN,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,1hn,Maang; 麼昂語; 末昂話; 麼昂話 +5205,Gaa,,8.670419,12.033137,gaaa1245,ttb,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ttb,Tiba; Gà +521,Bonjo,,1.7712,17.9598,bonj1234,bok,,CG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bok, +5225,Ngarnka,,-16.9973,135.7788,ngar1283,nji,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nji,Kundanja; Anga; Angee; Gnanji; Godangee; Goodanji; Gudandji; Gudanji; Gundangee; Kakaringa; Koodangie; Koodanjee; Kooringee; Kotandji; Kudandji; Kudenji; Kurdanji; Kutandji; Kutanji; Kutanjtjii; Nandi; Ngandji; Ngangi; Nganji; Ngarnga; Ngarndji; Ngarnka +5226,Gurr-goni,,-12.30942987,134.3135284,gura1252,gge,,AU,Australia,Maningrida,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gge,Gurrgoni; Gurrogoni; Gungurugoni; Gungorogone; Gungoragone; Gungoro:lgo:ngi; Gungarawoni; Gungurulgungi; Gurugoni; Gungoragoni; Gungorragonni; Gurrogone; Gorogone; Gun-Guragone; Gunagoragone; Gutjertabia; Guragone +523,Awa Pit,,1.5,-78.25,awac1239,kwi,,CO EC,South America,Barbacoan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kwi,Coaiquer; Cuaiquer; Quaiquer; Kwaiker; Awa; Awapit; (Awa-)Coaiquer; Awa-Quaiquer; Coaiker; Cuqiquer; Koaiker +5245,Yulparija,,-20.81469107,124.5495702,yulp1239,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kh,Yulparrija; Yilparitja; Yulbaridja; Yulbaridya; Nangatara; Nangadjara; Njangadjara; Julbaritja; Julbaritja (of Man-gala); Yulbari-dja; Julbaridja; Ilbaridja; Nanidjara; Nangi; Mangai; Mangi; Julbre; YulapaRitʸa; Yulparitja +5246,Ngardi,,-20.85043936,128.8885148,ngar1288,rxd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rxd,Ngarti; Ngadi; Ngari; Ngardilj; Panara; Bunara; Boonara; Waiangara; Kolo; Waiangari; Wain-gara; Waiangadi; Waringari; Warangari; Kukuruba; Woneiga; Wanayaga; Puruwantung; Buruwatung; Manggai; Munga; Walmala; Wommana +5247,Dimé,,5.9548,36.2988,dime1235,dim,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dim,Dime; Dima; Dimme +5248,Eastern and Central Arrernte,,-23.24779965,135.559361,east2379,aer,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,aer,Arrernte; Arrernte (Mparntwe); Arrernte (Eastern); Eastern Aranda; Arunta; Lower Aranda; Waitjinga; Wonggaranda; Wongkatjeri; Wychinga; Pitjapitja; Pitjima; Alitera; Aldolanga; Aldolinga; Aranda; A'randa; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunta Ulpma; Burrin-gah; Herrinda; Ilpma; Jairunda; Oiljpma; Paroola; Ulpma; Urrundie; Ur-rundie; Arrernte; Eastern +5249,Alyawarr,,-22.29152242,135.9637093,alya1239,aly,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aly,Alyawarra; Alyawarre; Aljawara; Iliaura; Yowera; Illiaura; Iljaura; Ilyuarra; Illyowra; Aliawara; Aliwara; Alja:wara; Yalyuwara; Alyawara; Jaljuwara; Ilawara; Ilja:wara; Iljauara; Iljawara; Illaura; Illura; Iloura; Ilyauarra; Ilyaurra; Ilyawara; Ilyowra; Ilywara +525,Dibole,,1.08333333333,17.25,dibo1245,bvx,,CG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvx,Babole; Southern Bomitaba +5252,Barababaraba,,,,bara1404,rbp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rbp,Baraparapa; Burraburburaba; Barrababarraba; Boorabirraba; Burappa; Burabura; Booraboora; Burapper; Karraba; Boort; Baraba Baraba; Baraba-Baraba; Baraba-baraba; Barappur; Bareber Bareber; Barraba-barraba; Beraba-Beraba; Birraba-birraba; Boora-boora; Burrabura-ba; Burrappa; Burrapper; Bureba; Burreba-burreba; Perapa-Perapa +5257,Yugambal,,-29.49940566,151.6720892,yuga1244,yub,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yub,Jugumbir; Jukamba; Jukambal; Jukambil; Manaldjali; Minjanbal; Ngarabal; Ngarrabul; Ngarrbal; Ngarrubul; Pregalgh; Ucumble; Ukumbil; Yacambal; Yoocomble; Yoocumbill; Yookambul; Yookumbil; Yookumbill; Yookumble; Yookumbul; Yugabeh; Yugambeh; Yugumbal; Yugumbil; Yukambal; Yukambil; Yukumba; Yukumbil; Yukumbul; Yurimbil; Minjangbal; Minyung; Minyowa; Boggangar; Kwaimbal +5259,Waanyi,,-18.0640749,137.2943933,wany1247,wny,,AU,Australia,Garrwan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,wny,Wanji; Wainyi; Wanyu; Wanyee; Wanee; Waangyee; Wonyee; Wanyi +527,Kande,,-0.1318,11.8103,kand1300,kbs,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kbs,Kanda; Okande; Okandé +528,Mahongwe,,1.0216,13.9031,maho1248,mhb,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,mhb, +5285,Texistepec,,17.89,-94.81,texi1237,poq,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,poq,Popoluca de Texistepec; Texistepec Zoque; Popoluca; Texistepec; Texistepequeño +5286,Sayula Popoluca,,17.8333333333,-95.0,sayu1241,pos,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,pos,Popoluca de Sayula; Sayulateco; Popoluca; Sayula; Sayula; Sayultec; Popoluca (Sayula); Sayula Mixean +5287,Popoloca,,19.028,-98.23,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 7 Popoloca languages: +Popoloca, Coyotepec [pbf] +Popoloca, Mezontla [pbe] +Popoloca, San Felipe Otlaltepec [pow] +Popoloca, San Juan Atzingo [poe] +Popoloca, San Luís Temalacayuca [pps] +Popoloca, San Marcos Tlalcoyalco [pls] +Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]. +",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pbf; pbe; pow; poe; pps; pls; pca, +5288,Prai,,19.0049,101.184,phai1238,prt,,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,prt,Lua'; East Pua Pray; Pray 2; Pray +5289,Parachi,,36.059939,70.905775,para1299,prc,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,prc, +529,Sake,,-0.0247,11.7691,sake1247,sak,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,sak,Asake; Shake +5290,Prasuni,,35.205675,70.912389,pras1239,prn,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,prn,Wasi-Wari; Prasun; Veruni; Parun; Paruni; Wasi-Veri; Veron; Verou; Wasi-weri; Pārūnī; Vâsi-vari; Vasi vari; Vasi-vari +5293,Plains Indian Sign Language,,40.0,-100.0,plai1235,psd,,US CA,North America,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,psd,Plains Sign Language +5295,Piamatsina,,-15.031,166.792,piam1242,ptr,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ptr, +5298,Punan Merap,,3.108214,116.271036,puna1274,puc,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,puc, +530,Sighu,,-0.0549,13.5461,sigh1238,sxe,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,sxe,Lesighu; Mississiou +5300,Punan Merah,,0.510856,115.588564,puna1268,puf,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,puf, +5301,Puluwatese,,7.33333333333,149.333333333,pulu1242,puw,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,puw,Puluwat +5303,Fyem,,9.588066,9.225188,fyam1238,pym,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,pym,Fyam; Pyem; Paiem; Gyem; Fem; Pem; Genawa; Gyema +5305,Quapaw,,36.9494,-94.7877,quap1242,qua,,US,North America,Siouan,awakening,ISO 639-3,qua,Arkansas; Arkans; Alkansea; Capa; Ogaxpa; Kwapa; Kwapaw +5307,Lambayeque Quechua,,-7.1772,-78.673,lamb1276,quf,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)",PE,South America,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quf,Ferreñafe Quechua; Cañaris-Incahuasi; Cañaris Quechua +5309,Quileute,,47.9166666667,-124.25,quil1240,qui,,US,North America,Chimakuan,dormant,ISO 639-3,qui,Quillayute; Quile-ute +531,Vumbu,,-1.8783,10.816,vumb1238,vum,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,vum,Yivoumbou +5310,Sipakapa,,15.2121,-91.6335,sipa1247,qum,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qum,Sipacapa; Sipacapense; Sipakapense; Sipacapeño; Sipacapa Quiché +5311,Sakapulteko,,14.9752,-91.0527,saca1238,quv,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quv,Sacapulteco; Sacapultec; Sakapulteco; Sakapultec; Sacapulas K'iche' +5312,Yauyos Quechua,,-12.983333,-75.116667,yauy1235,qux,"Ethnologue (2016) says of its Yauyos Quechua [qux]: ""Not 1 language–a cover term for a highly differentiated linguistic area with many 1-village varieties. A member of macrolanguage Quechua [que]."" The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) +",PE,South America,Quechuan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,qux,Quechua; Yauyos; Yauyos Kechua +5315,Yaru Quechua,,-11.4166666667,-75.75,nort2980,qvn,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Tarma (Quechua) is not an equivalent of Yaru Quechua, but part of it. North Junín Quechua, includes Tarma, and is more or less equivalent with Yaru Quechua. This variety extends into neighboring departments of Pasco and Lima. Several subdialects: Tarma Quechua, San Pedro de Cajas Quechua, Junín Quechua, Carhuamayo Quechua, etc. (Willem Adelaar personal communication).",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvn,Northern-Junín-Pasco Quechua +5316,Pacaraos Quechua,,-11.2538,-76.8054,paca1245,qvp,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Willem Adelaar (personal communication): Highly archaic variety, difficult to classify. ",PE,South America,Quechuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,qvp,Quechua Pacaraos +5317,Jauja-Huanca Quechua,,-12.136,-75.2453,huay1241,qvw,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)",PE,South America,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,qvw,Huaylla Wanca Quechua; Southern Huancayo Quechua; Huanca Huaylla Quechua; Huaylla Wanca Quechua; Yaqa; Huaylla; Nyuqa +5318,Queyu,,30.8519,99.6659,quey1238,qvy,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qvy,Choyo; Zhaba; 卻隅話; 却域語 +532,Twendi,,6.120244,11.488438,twen1242,twn,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,twn,Cambap; Tiwa (Northern) +5323,Dungmali,,27.1874,87.1902,dung1252,raa,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,raa,Dungmali Pûk; Dungmali-Bantawa; Arthare; Arthare-Khesang; Dūngmālī +5324,Rasawa,,-2.38,136.35,rasa1243,rac,,ID,Southeast Asia,Lakes Plain,endangered,ISO 639-3,rac, +5325,Western Mewahang,,27.5441,87.1401,west2422,raf,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,raf,Rai; Newang; Newahang; Newange Rai; Newahang Jimi; Mewahang; Jindā; Meohang; Western +5326,Rao,,-4.75,144.5,raoo1244,rao,,PG,Pacific,Lower Sepik-Ramu,threatened,ISO 639-3,rao,Annaberg; Rao Breri +5327,Saam,,27.3595,86.9979,saam1282,raq,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,raq,Rai; Saam Rai; Samakha; Saama Kha; Jindā +5328,Razajerdi,,36.266931,50.0039,raza1238,rat,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,rat, +5329,Raute,,28.9744,80.7969,raut1239,rau,"Most of the Raute are foraging people of the Himalaya ridges, and their language is linguistically close to Raji and Banraji.",IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rau,Rautye; Harka Gurung; Khamchi; Boto Boli; Bot̪o Boli; Khāmci +533,Njerep,,6.82183,11.521,njer1242,njr,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,njr,Njerup +5330,Rapa,,-27.608,-144.3407,rapa1245,ray,,PF,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ray,Rapan +5332,Rudbari,,37.09,49.88,rudb1238,rdb,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,rdb, +5334,Toksiki,,-15.26943,166.973317,rori1237,rga,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rga,Soisoru; Roria; Mores +5335,Riang (India),,23.68,92.03,rian1262,ria,,IN BD,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ria,Reang; Kau Bru; Tipra +5336,Riang (Myanmar),,21.9048,98.2342,rian1261,ril,,CN MM,Southeast Asia; East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ril,Black Karen; Yanglam; Black Yang; Riang-Lang; Liang; Yang Sek; Yin; Yang; Liang Sek; Yang Wan Kun; Riang-Sek; Black Riang; Striped Karen; Yinnet; Ranei; Karennet +5337,Kraol,,13.588,106.9438,krao1238,rka,,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rka,Southern-Central Mnong; Chrau; Crau; Trao +5338,Rakahanga-Manihiki,,-10.4,-161.0,raka1237,rkh,,NZ CK,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,rkh,Manihiki-Rakahanga +5339,Rama,,11.75,-83.75,rama1270,rma,,NI,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rma,Melchora; Voto; Boto; Arama; Arrama +534,Nyanjang,,6.634598,11.67572,nyan1311,,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,knp-nyj,Njang; Njanga +5341,Baltic Romani,,60.0,38.0,balt1257,rml,,TR DE RU UA BG RO LT FR IT GR MK GB PL CZ NL CH FI AT HR LV SK HU AL BY BA SI RS ME,Europe; Caucasus; East Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rml,Romani; Baltic; Romany; Zigeuner; European Romany +5342,Balkan Romani,,42.6666666667,21.1666666667,balk1252,rmn,,TR DE RU UA BG RO LT FR IR IT GR MK MD GB PL CZ NL CH FI AT HR LV SK HU AL BY BA SI RS ME,Europe; Caucasus; Near East; East Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmn,Balkan Romani; Romany; Gypsy; Cigány; Zigeuner; European Romany; Romani; Balkan +5343,Sinte Romani,,47.5,16.5,sint1235,rmo,,TR DE RU UA BG RO LT FR IT GR MK GB PL CZ NL CH FI AT HR LV SK HU AL BY BA SI RS ME,Europe; Caucasus; East Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmo,Romani; Sinte; Romany; Manuche; Manouche; Ziguener; Sintí; Tsigane; Rommanes; Sinte; Sinti; Zigeuner; European Romany +5345,Romam,,14.34,107.45,roma1331,rmx,,VN,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,rmx,Lamam +5346,Vlax Romani,,47.0,21.5,vlax1238,rmy,,TR DE RU UA BG RO LT FR IT GR ES PT MK MD PL CZ SE NL NO CH FI AT HR LV SK HU AL BY BA SI RS ME,Europe; Caucasus; East Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,rmy,"Romani; Vlax; Romany; Romenes; Rom; ""Gypsy""; Tsigene; Romanese; Vlax Romany; Danubian; Zigeuner; European Romany; Rroma" +5349,Rennell Island Sign Language,,-11.62,160.22,renn1236,rsi,,SB,Pacific,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,rsi,Rennellese Sign Language +535,Bung,,6.5718,11.8267,bung1259,bqd,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,dormant,ISO 639-3,bqd, +5350,Ruga,,25.2844,90.4614,ruga1238,ruh,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ruh, +5353,Yaeyama,,24.342,124.1537,yaey1239,rys,"The classification of Yaeyama as a member of the Macro-Yaeyama subgroup of Southern Ryukyuan is based on Pellard (2015). The macro-Yaeyama subgrouping is not included in classfiications such as Miyara (2015). +",JP,East Asia,Japonic,endangered,ISO 639-3,rys,Yayeyama; Ryukyuan; Southern Ryukyuan; Saskisima; Saskishima; 八重山語; 八重山方言 +5354,Okinawan,,26.1485,127.782,cent2126,ryu,,JP,East Asia,Japonic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ryu,Uchinaaguchi; うちなーぐち; Uchināguchi; Luchu; Ryukyuan; Central Ryukyuan; Okinawa; Central Group; Okinawan; Central; Central Okinawan; 沖縄語; 沖縄方言; シマクトゥバ; Okinawan +5357,Seti,,-3.44052,141.8483,seti1248,sbi,Seti could be regarded as a dialect of Seta (Laycock 1973).,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,sbi,Aunalei +5358,Sabüm,,5.35,101.06,sabu1253,sbo,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,sbo, +536,Somyev,,6.9318,11.5136,somy1238,kgt,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kgt,Somyewe; Somyɛwɛ; Kila; Kilayen; Kila Yang; Somyiwe; Sombe; Sombə; Fur +5360,San Miguel Creole French,,8.32601,-81.2564,sanm1305,scf,Probably not a separate language; the ancestors came from Saint Lucia in mid-19th century as laborers. It is probably mutually intelligible with other Antillean French Creole varieties. It has some influence from Spanish.,PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Pidgin or Creole,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,scf, +5361,Sassarese Sardinian,,40.6139,8.6132,sass1235,sdc,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,sdc,Sardinian; Sardinian; Sassarese; Northwestern Sardinian; Sassarese +5362,Savi,,35.306772,71.557447,savi1242,sdg,,AF PK,South Asia; Near East,,,ISO 639-3,sdg,Sawi; Sauji; Sau; Dardu +5363,Gallurese Sardinian,,40.8802,9.4482,gall1276,sdn,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,sdn,Sardinian; Sardinian; Gallurese; Northeastern Sardinian; Gallurese +5365,Shatt,,10.8333333333,30.0,shat1244,shj,,SD,Africa,Daju,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shj,Caning +5367,Jibbali,,17.29,54.0,sheh1240,shv,,OM,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,shv,Jibbālī; Shehri; Śḥeri; Šhaḥri; Śḥərɛ̄t; Geblet; Gəblɛ̄t; Sheret; Sehri; Shahari; Jibali; Ehkili; Qarawi +5368,Shwai,,11.3184,30.4156,shwa1239,shw,,SD,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,shw,Shirumba; Shuway; Ludumor; Cwaya +537,Akum,,6.73,9.9316,akum1238,aku,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,aku,Anyar; Okum +5370,Sîshëë,,-21.7193,165.6738,zire1240,sih,,NC,Pacific,Austronesian,awakening,ISO 639-3,sih,Zire; Zira; Sirhe; Siche; Nerë; Neukaledonien; Yirhe; Yirhee; Ziche +5374,Siri,,11.051734,9.446663,siri1278,sir,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,sir,Sirawa +5376,Sivandi,,30.077956,52.921047,siva1239,siy,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,siy, +5377,Epena,,3.0,-77.0,epen1239,sja,"The Emberá dialect continuum (Catío, Chamí, Napipí River, Saija, Sambú): Southern Emberá and Northern Emberá (Emperã, Eberã Bed’ea, Eperã Pedea, Atrato, Darién, Dariena, Panama Embera, Eberã, Cholo [Choco]). + +Ethnologue distinguishes 4 Southern Emberá languages: +Emberá-Baudó [bdc] +Emberá-Chamí [cmi] +Emberá-Tadó [tdc] +Epena [sja] + +",CO EC PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chocoan,vulnerable,,sja,Epena; Emberá-Saija; Saija; Epená Saija; Epéna Pedée; Southern Embera; Southern Empera; Cholo; Epena Pedee; Ember-Saija; Southern Ępęra; Emperá; Saixa; Saixa-Baudo +538,Bakole,,4.5764,8.8439,bako1250,kme,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kme,Bakolle; Kole; Bamusso +5386,Lower Silesian,,50.7,15.97,lowe1388,sli,,DE PL CZ,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sli,Silesian; Lower Schlesisch; Silesian; Lower +5389,South Saami,,64.6666666667,16.75,sout2674,sma,"The preferred name for this group of languages is Saami. ""Lapp"" is an outdated term, and is not recommended for use. It is included in the list of alternate names here, for the benefit of those searching for language names referenced in older materials. +",,,Uralic,endangered,ISO 639-3,sma,"Saami (Central-South); Saami (Southern); Same; Samic; Saamen kieli; Sāme-giellâ; Vefsn; Eteläsaame; Saamí meridional; ""Lapon""; Sabme; Same; ""Lopary""; ""Lappic""; ""Lapp""; ""Lappisk""; ""Lapin kieli""; Saamskij jazyk; ""Südlappisch""; ""Lappish""; ""Røroslappisk""" +539,Baldemu,,10.5742,14.5623,bald1241,bdn,,CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bdn,Mbazla; Baldamu; Baldare; Balda +5392,Samei,,25.0756,103.0133,same1240,smh,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,smh, +5394,Somray,,13.685,101.5931,somr1240,smu,Possibly extinct,KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,smu,Samray; Samrai; Samre; Western Pear +5395,Semnani,,34.8679,53.4924,semn1249,smy,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,smy,Simnani +5396,Lushootseed,,47.93,-122.14,,,"Ethnologue (2016) distinguishes 4 Lushootseed languages: Lushootseed [lut], Southern Puget Sound [slh], +Skagit [ska], Snohomish [sno].",US,North America,Salishan,critically endangered,,lut; sno; ska,Snohomish; Skagit; Swinomish; Skaǰət +540,Bati (Cameroon),,4.2012,10.7858,bati1251,btc,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,btc,Bati Ba Ngong; Bati de Brousse +5401,Sonha,,28.77895,81.217711,sonh1238,soi,,NP,South Asia,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,soi,Sonaha; Sonahaa; Sunah; Sunha +5402,Soi,,31.828719,54.623117,soii1239,soj,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,soj,Soh; Sohi; So'i +5403,Sonsorol,,5.33333333333,132.25,sons1242,sov,,MP PW,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,sov,Sonsorolese; Sonsorol-Tobi +5404,Sepa (Indonesia),,-3.322117,129.130469,sepa1242,spb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,spb, +5408,Saparua,,-3.5757,128.6464,sapa1251,spr,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,spr, +5409,Shau,,10.302759,9.172005,shau1238,sqh,,NG,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,sqh,Sho; Lìsháù +541,Beezen,,6.7518,10.0744,beez1238,bnz,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bnz,Bezen +5410,Soqoṭri,,12.49,53.92,soqo1240,sqt,,YE AE,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,sqt,Soqoṭrī; Soqotri; Saqatri; Sokotri; Suqutri; Socotri +5411,Saruga,,-5.0715,145.5685,saru1243,sra,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,endangered,ISO 639-3,sra, +5412,Sara,,1.2,109.62,sara1329,sre,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,sre,Riok; Sara Bakati’ +5413,Sarikoli,,37.9463,75.1272,sari1246,srh,,CN,East Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,srh,Sarykoly; Salikur; Tajik; Tadzik; Tajiki; 薩里庫爾語; 色勒庫爾語; (中國)塔吉克語 +5415,Sirmauri,,30.9823,77.1569,sirm1239,srx,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,srx,Sirmouri; Sirmuri +5419,Settla,,-15.2,28.3,sett1235,sta,,ZM,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,sta,Kisettla; Kisetla +542,Bikya,,6.8309,10.0277,biky1238,byb,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,byb,Furu +5420,Sentinel,,11.5446,92.2576,sent1241,std,,IN,South Asia,,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,std,Sentinelese +5421,Seta,,-3.41926,141.7941,seta1245,stf,,PG,Pacific,Torricelli,endangered,ISO 639-3,stf,Aunalei +5422,Bulo Stieng,,11.8333333333,106.75,bulo1242,sti,,VN KH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,sti,Stieng; Xtieng; Xa-Dieng; Budíp; Rangah; Upper Stieng; Northern Stieng; Kajiang; Kediang; Rmang; Stieng; Bulo +5424,Setaman,,-5.31,141.83,seta1246,stm,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,stm,Setamin +5425,Shumashti,,34.477075,70.574617,shum1235,sts,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,sts,Šumāštī; Shumasht; Dardu +5426,Satawalese,,7.3406,147.041,sata1237,stw,,FM,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,stw, +5427,Suena,,-7.75,147.55,suen1241,sue,,PG,Pacific,Trans-New Guinea,threatened,ISO 639-3,sue,Yema; Yarawe; Yarawi; Yema-Yarawa +5429,Puroik,,27.361,93.04,sulu1241,suv,"""Sulung"" is a term given to the Puroik by outsiders. It is not favored by the people themselves.",IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,suv,Sulung; 蘇龍語 +543,Bishuo,,6.9032,10.0991,bish1246,bwh,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bwh,Biyam; Furu +5431,Shixing,,28.275358,100.666351,shix1238,sxg,"In the Muli County where this group lives, the Shixing-speaking people are known as Xùmǐ 旭米 (currently their official denomination in Chinese) or Sùmǔ 粟母, both of which are Chinese renderings of the group’s name in Prinmi (Púmǐ), Prinmi being the language of Mùlǐ’s ethnic majority (Chirkova 2009).",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sxg,Xumi; 史興話; 旭米語 +5432,Senaya,,36.2664,50.0042,sena1268,syn,"From Charles Häberl: [Senaya is] ""distinct from other sub-groups and not mutually intelligible. Located at the Southeastern periphery of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic dialects. Same vicinity as Hulaulá but not mutually intelligible. Chaldean Catholics from Iranian Kurdistan.""",IR,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,syn,Sena:ya; Christian Neo-Aramaic; Shan Sray; Lshan Sray; Soray; Sray; Shan Gyanan +5433,Syuba,,27.349813,86.071987,kaga1252,,"""Although Yolmo [scp] and Kagate could be considered dialects of the same language, there are sufficient historical and political motivations for considering them as separate languages."" (Lauren Gawne 2013) + +Kagate is an exonym and Syuba is the endonym for both the language and the community, and sometimes serves as a family name.",NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,Glottolog,kaga1252,Shuba; Shyuba; Kagate Bhote; Kāgatē +544,Bubia,,4.0204,9.2037,bubi1249,bbx,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bbx,Bobe; Bobea; Wovea; Bota; Ewota +5445,Bininj Gun-wok,,-12.26525431,133.6466651,gunw1252,gup,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gup,Proto Bininj Gun-wok; Mayali; Kunwinjku; Kuninjku; Gunawitji; Gundeidjeme; Gundeijeme; Gundja-jeimi; Gunwingo; Gunwingu; Gunwinygu; Koorungo; Kulunglutchi; Kulunglutji; Kundangyohmi; Maielli; Majali; Mangaridji; Mangeri; Margulitban; Neinggu; Unigangk; Urnigangg; Wengei; Wengej; Wengi; Witji; Gunwinjgu; Bininj Gun-Wok; Gunwiggu; Gunwinggu +5447,Yiiji,,,,yiij1234,,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,081,Jeidji; Yeidji; Northern Language; Forrest River; 'Jeidji; Jeithi; Yeeji; 'Ye'dji; Bugay +5448,Andajin,,-17.37660823,126.2592854,anda1282,,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ajn,Andidja +5449,Ngaatjatjara,,-24.951158,125.958117,ngaa1240,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,08q,Jabungadja; Ku:rara; Nadadjara; Nga:da; Nga:dapitjardi; Ngad-adara; Ngadatara; Ngadatjara; Ngadawongga; Ngadjatara; Nganadjara; Ngatatara; Ngatatjara; Rumudjara; Teitudjara; Wan:udjara; Warara; Wirtjandja; Witjandja; Ngaatjatjarra +545,Busuu,,6.8282,10.1087,busu1244,bju,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bju,Awa; Furu +5451,Putijarra,,-24.16283449,121.2749997,pudi1238,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1j9,Budidjara; Putujara; Pawututjara; Puditara +5452,Worla,,-17.12222176,126.7823205,wurl1240,,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ke,Ola; Walajangarri; Wula; Waladjangari; Waladjaŋari; Worlaja; Walar; Wuladja; Wuladjangari; Wulu; Woorlaja; Woorla; Wurla +546,Eman,,6.0531,9.7338,eman1238,emn,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,emn,Emane +5465,Kabulowan,,15.18,121.05,sout2905,agy,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,agy; sout2905,"Southern Alta; Kabuluen; Kabuluwan; Kabuluwen; ""Baluga""; ""Kabalat""; Pugot" +5467,Tuwuli,,7.0572,0.3845,tuwu1238,bov,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bov,Bowili; Bowiri; Liwuli; Siwuri; Bawuli; Tuwili +547,Fungom,,,,fung1247,,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,bfm-fun,Northern Fungom; We +548,Hijuk,,4.2861,10.4919,hiju1238,hij,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,hij, +549,Isubu,,4.0094,9.5745,isuf1235,szv,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,szv,Su; Isu; Isuwu; Suwu; Subu; Bimbia +550,Iyive,,6.4354,9.5278,iyiv1238,uiv,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,uiv,Uive; Yiive; Ndir; Asumbo +5509,Gao,,-8.3514,159.8167,gaoo1237,gga,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,gga,Nggao +551,Kendem,,5.7061,9.6377,kend1252,kvm,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kvm,Bokwa-Kendem +5510,Fagani,,-10.4337,161.5979,faga1239,faf,,SB,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,faf,Faghani; Südliche Salomons-Inseln +5511,Emae,,-17.060795,168.378739,emae1237,mmw,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mmw,Makatea; Emwae; Mae; Mwae; Emai; Mai +5513,Baki,,-16.689546,168.126054,baki1244,bki,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,bki,Burumba; Paki +552,Langa,,,,lang1321,,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,mcu-lan, +5525,Wamey,,12.5,-13.25,wame1240,cou,,SN GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cou,Wamay; Wamei; Konyagi; Coniagui; Conhague; Koniagui; Cogniagui; Koniagi; Tenda +553,Mono (Cameroon),,8.758477,14.178105,mono1269,mru,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mru,Mon-Non +554,Ndai,,8.399,14.1641,ndai1238,gke,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gke,Galke; Pormi +5546,Ngaliwurru,,-15.789444,130.875896,ngal1294,,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,endangered,LINGUIST List,djd-nga,Baj Subgroup; Ngaliwerra; Ngaliwuru +5548,Djinang,,-12.47559654,135.0142775,djin1253,dji,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dji,Jandjinung; Yandijinang; Yandjinung; Jandijinung; Balmawi; Balmbi; Barlmawi; Djinaŋ; Djinhang; Djinnang; Dyinang; Jandji:nangc; Jandjinang; Jand-jinung; Jinang; Manarrngu; Manjarngi; Manyarrngi; Milingimbi; Millingimbi; Mun-narngo; Ullaki; Wulagi; Wulaki; Wullakki; Yandjinang; Yändjinaŋ; Yandjinning +5549,Liyagawumirr,,,,liya1242,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,duj-liy, +555,Ngong,,9.0044,13.5104,ngon1275,nnx,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nnx,Gong; Puuri; Nagumi +5554,Binbinka,,-16.552078,134.786606,binb1242,,,AU,Australia,Mirndi,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,wmb-bin,Binbinga +5555,Ladji Ladji,,,,ladj1234,llj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,llj,Latjilatji; Laitchi-Laitchi; Litchy-Litchy; Leitch-Leitchi; Latjoo-Latjoo; Lutchye-Lutchye; Latyoo-Latyoo; Litchoo-Litchoo; Laci-Laci; Laitu-Laitu; Laitu; Acaxee; Latje Latje; Latjilatji; Laitchi-Laitchi; Litchy-Litchy; Leitch-Leitchi; Latjoo-Latjoo; Lutchye-Lutchye; Latyoo-Latyoo; Litchoo-Litchoo; Laci-Laci; Laitu-Laitu; Laitu; Acaxee +5556,Djabwurrung,,,,djab1234,tjw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tjw,Tjapwurong; Tyapwurru; Chaapwurru; Pirtkopannoot; Purteetchally; Punoinjon; Kolor; Dja Dja Wurrung; Dja Dja Wrung; Le Wurrung; Dyadyawurung; Boolucburer; Brapkut; Bulukwuro; Dallundeer; Djappuminyon; Djappuminyou; Djappuninyou; Ja:rewe; Jaadwa; Jaara; Jajaurung; Jajowerong; Jajowerrong; Jajowrung; Jajowurrong; Jardwa; Jurobaluk; Knen-knen-wurr; Tyapwuru; Tyapuwurru; Chaap Wuurong; Djabwuru; Kolor Kuurndit; Kooloor; Hopkins River tribe; Bolakngat; Knindowurong +5557,Dadi Dadi,,,,dadi1251,dda,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,dda,Dadidadi; Dardidardi; Dardi-Dardi; Tharrthi-Tharrthi; Tatitati +5558,Kariyarra,,-21.09237034,117.6641089,kari1304,vka,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,vka,Kariera; Karriara; Kariyara; Gariera; Kyreara; Kaierra; Minjiburu:; Minjubururu; Minjirbururu; Kudjunguru; Paljarri; Kariera-Ngaluma; Karriarra +556,Nubaca,,4.2971,10.7446,nuba1241,baf,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,baf,Bango; Bongo; Baca; Nu Baca +5560,Tjungundji,,-12.032,141.846,yang1305,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,0gq, +5561,Bilinarra,,-17.26732129,130.8928481,bili1250,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,nbj-bil,Pilinara; Bunara; Boonarra; Bilinara +5562,Liyagalawumirr,,,,liya1241,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,duj-lil, +5563,Mandjalpingu,,,,mand1418,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,djb-man,Manydjalpingu; Manydjalpuyŋu; Mandalpuy; Mandalpingu; Manjdjalpuyngu +5565,Wergaia,,,,werg1234,weg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,weg,Meintangk; Meintank; Painbali; Djadjala +5566,Warji,,11.066981,9.564444,warj1253,wji,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wji,Sirzakwai; Warja; Warjawa; Werji; Sar; Sarawa; Ajawa; Aja; Ajanci +5568,Baan,,4.649881,7.282008,baan1241,bvj,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvj,Baan-Ogoi; Goi; Ogoi +557,Tuotomb,,4.4449,10.371,tuot1238,ttf,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,ttf,Ponek; Bonek; Tuotom +558,Iyasa,,2.3284,9.8464,yasa1242,yko,May be mutually intelligible with Kombe [nui]. ,GA CM GQ,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,yko,"Yasa; Iyassa; Yassa; Iyaasa; Maasa; Bongwe; ""Ndowe""" +5588,Jerung,,27.2241,86.3909,jeru1240,jee,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,jee,Jero; Jerum; Jerunge; Jherung; Jero Mala; Zero; Zerum; Zero Mala +559,Zumaya,,10.5323,14.3591,zuma1239,zuy,,CM,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zuy, +5592,Nisga'a,,55.2035,-129.07,nisg1240,ncg,,CA,North America,Tsimshian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ncg,Nishga; Niska'; Nisk'a'; Nass; Nisgha; Nass-Gitksan; Nisk'a; Nishka; Niska; Nasqa' +560,Birri,,5.4902,26.8505,birr1240,bvq,,CF,Africa,,endangered,ISO 639-3,bvq,Biri; Viri; Bviri +5606,Lama,,29.159356,99.881936,nort2724,bfc,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfc,Bijang Bai; Bai; Northern Bai; Laemae +5607,Northern Pumi,,28.0,101.0,nort2723,pmi,"""Northern Pumi is spoken in parts of Ninglang County and Sichuan and is internally less diverse than Southern Pumi."" (Daudey 2014:4)",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmi,Prinmi; Primi; Pumi; Northern Prinmi; P'umi; Pimi; Primmi; Pruumi; P'ömi; P'rome; Ch'rame; 北普米語 +5608,Southern Pumi,,28.0,101.0,sout2729,pmj,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pmj,Prinmi; Primi; Pumi; P'umi; Pimi; Primmi; Pruumi; P'ömi; P'rome; Southern Prinmi; 南普米語 +5609,Muya,,30.2593,101.7497,muya1239,mvm,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mvm,Manyak; Miyao; Minyak; Minyag; Menia; Menya; 木雅語 +561,Bodo,,6.0,26.0,bodo1272,boy,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,boy, +5610,Zhaba,,31.4,100.4734,zhab1238,zhb,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,zhb,Zaba; Bazi; Bozi; Draba; nDrapa; Zha; 扎巴語 +5611,Guiqiong,,30.8148,101.7021,guiq1238,gqi,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,gqi,Guichong; 貴瓊 +5613,Southern Qiang,,32.0,102.666666667,sout2728,qxs,Northern Qiang varieties and Southern Qiang varieties are mutually unintelligible. ,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qxs,Qiang; 羌語南部方言 +5614,Baima,,33.1531,103.8696,baim1244,bqh,/pe⁵³/ bod,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bqh,Bai Ma; Pe; 白馬語 +5618,Kharia,,22.5,84.3333333333,khar1287,khr,"Thriving in some areas, endangered in others; the reported numbers of speakers are probably too low.",IN NP,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,khr,Haria; Kharvi; Khatria; Kheria; Khadia; Khariya; Khaɽia +5619,Sora,,20.0,84.3333333333,sora1254,srb,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,srb,Saora; Savara; Sabara; Saonras; Shabari; Sabar; Saura; Sawaria; Swara; Soːra +562,Ganzi,,16.0,19.0,ganz1247,gnz,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnz, +5620,Gutob,,19.0,83.6666666667,bodo1267,gbj,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,gbj,Gutob; Gadaba; Gadba; Gutop; Gudwa; Godwa; Gadwa; Boi Gadaba; Bodo; Bodo-Gadaba; Sodia; Gadaba; Bodo +5621,Korku,,22.5,78.5,kork1243,kfq,"Thriving in some areas, endangered in others; the overall number of speakers recorded is likely to be too low.",IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,kfq,Kurku; Muwasi; Muasi; Kuri; Bondeya; Bopchi; Korki; Ramekhera; Kurku-Ruma +5623,Koda,,22.1263,87.0776,koda1236,cdz,,IN BD,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cdz,Kora; Kōḍā; Kaora; Korali; Korati; Kore; Mudi; Mudikora; Koɖa; Koɽa; Mundari; Mundari-Ho +5624,Korwa,,22.4922,84.1552,korw1242,kfp,,IN,South Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kfp,Ernga; Singli; Erngga; Mundari; Mundari-Ho +5625,Irula,,11.4369,76.5032,irul1243,iru,,IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,iru,Iruḷa; Eravallan; Erukala; Irava; Irulan; Irular; Irular Mozhi; Irulavan; Iruliga; Iruligar; Kad Chensu; Korava +5626,Takpa,,34.0617,77.5909,tawa1289,twm,The original ISO code [tkk] has merged with [twm] since 2010 (http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/chg_detail.asp?id=2010-017&lang=tkk),IN CN BT,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,twm,Dwags; Dakpa; Northern Monpa; Cuona Menba; 錯那門巴 +5627,Dimasa,,25.5,93.0,dima1251,dis,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,dis,Hill Kachari; Dimasa Kachari +5628,Dimli,,39.0,41.0,diml1238,diq,,TR,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,diq,Dimili; Dimlī; Zazaki; Southern Zaza; Zaza +563,Geme,,8.4941,20.6378,geme1244,geq,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,geq,Jeme; Ngba Geme; Gueme +5630,Falam Chin,,23.79,92.33,fala1243,cfm,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cfm,Hallam; Hallam Chin; Tipura; Halam; Fallam; Falam; Zahao; Chin; Falam; ဖလမ်းချင်း +5631,Galo,,28.1688,94.7433,galo1242,adl,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,adl,Gallong; Adi; Adi; Galo; Adi-Gallong; Adi-Galo; Galong; Abor +5632,Garhwali,,30.0976,79.1235,garh1243,gbm,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gbm,Gadhavali; Gadhawala; Gadwahi; Gashwali; Godauli; Gorwali; Gurvali; Pahari Garhwali; Girwali; Garhwal; Bhōṭiā of Garhwal +5633,Garo,,25.6666666667,90.5,garo1247,grt,,IN BD,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,grt,Garrow; Mande +5634,Southern Ghale,,28.2501,84.718,sout2715,ghe,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ghe,Gurung; Galle Gurung; Ghale; Ghale; Southern; Lila Ke; Ril-Lila +5636,Gongduk,,27.086,91.2002,gong1251,goe,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,goe,Gongdubikha; Gongdue Kha +5637,Hakha Chin,,22.6667,93.6667,haka1240,cnh,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,cnh,Pawi; Lai; Laizo; Hakha Lai; Haka; Lai Pawi; Lai Hawlh; Hakha; Baungshe; Chin (Haka); Shonshe; Baungshè; Chin; Haka; ဟားခါးချင်း +5638,Hmar,,24.1666666667,93.0,hmar1241,hmr,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hmr,Hamar; Mhar; Hmari +5639,Miju-Mishmi,,29.0,96.0,miju1243,mxj,Blench & Post (2011) argue that Miju Mishmi may be a language isolate within Sino-Tibetan. ,IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxj,Miju; Kaman; Mishmi; Miji; Geman Deng; Mījū Mishmi; Kaman Mishmi; Keman; 格曼語 +564,Ngombe,,3.9492,15.2352,ngom1265,nmj,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmj,Ngombe-Kaka; Bagando-Ngombe; Bangando-Ngombe +5640,Karbi,,26.3333333333,93.5,karb1241,mjw,"Thriving in some areas, endangered in others.",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,mjw,Mikir; Arleng; Manchati; Karbi Karbak; Arleng Alam; Nihang; Puta; Naga-Mikir +5641,Karko (India),,29.007615,94.90109,kark1255,,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-kar, +5642,Lhomi,,27.6666666667,87.4166666667,lhom1239,lhm,,IN NP CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lhm,Lhoket; Shing Saapa; Kath Bhote; Kar Bhote +5643,Khengkha,,27.0786,91.0272,khen1241,xkf,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkf,Khenkha; Khen; Keng; Ken; Kyengkha; Kenkha +5644,Khezha Naga,,25.6811,94.367,khez1235,nkh,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nkh,Kheza; Kezami; Khezhama; Khezha; Kezhama; Keźama; Naga; Khezha +5645,Khiamniungan Naga,,26.229961,95.035461,khia1236,kix,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kix,Khiamngan; Aoshedd; Khiemnungan; Khiamniungan; Kalyokengnyu; Nokaw; Welam; Naga; Khiamniungan +5646,Thangal Naga,,25.2198,94.1583,than1255,nki,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nki,Khoirao; Khoirao Naga; Koirao; Kolya; Mayangkhang; Miyang-Khang; Ngari; Thangal; Thanggal; Tukaimi; Miyāng Khāng; Liyāng; Naga; Thangal +5647,Khowar,,35.994008,72.001475,khow1242,khw,"Can be marginally considered threatened, but as a local lingua franca, it should not be considered endangered per se in Pakistan. In India on the other hand, it should be considered to reflect incipient endangerment.",PK IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,khw,Khowār; Citālī; Čitarī; Arnyiā; Arniyā; Qāšqarī; Khawar; Chitrali; Citrali; Chitrari; Arniya; Patu; Qashqari; Kashkari; Dardu +5648,Koi,,27.3607,86.8661,koii1238,kkt,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kkt,Koyu; Kohi; Koyi; Koi Bo'o; Koyu Bo' +565,Ukhwejo,,3.3626,16.0565,ukhw1241,ukh,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ukh,Benkonjo +5650,Konyak Naga,,26.9367,95.1745,kony1248,nbe,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbe,Konyak; Tableng; Kanyak; Naga; Konyak +5651,Mudu Koraga,,12.62,75.11,mudu1241,vmd,"Though sometimes treated as a dialect of Korra Koraga, Mudu Koraga is divergent enough to not be mutually intelligible with the other Koraga dialects for the most part.",IN,South Asia,Dravidian,threatened,ISO 639-3,vmd,Mu:du; Koraga; Koraga; Mudu +5652,Kui (India),,20.0,83.5,kuii1252,kxu,"Thriving in some areas, severely endangered in others. The total number given for speakers is probably too low.",IN,South Asia,Dravidian,at risk,ISO 639-3,kxu,Kui (in India); Kandh; Khondi; Khond; Khondo; Kanda; Kodu; Kodulu; Kuinga; Kuy; Ku +5653,Kulung (Nepal),,27.5,87.0,kulu1253,kle,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kle,Rai; Khulunge Rai; Kulu Ring; Khulung; Kholung; Khambu; Jindā +5655,Kurtokha,,27.664,91.176,kurt1248,xkz,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,xkz,Gurtü; Kurtopakha; Kürthöpka; Kurteopkha; Kurthopkha; Kurtöp; Kurtöbikha; Zhâke; Kurtöpkha; Au Gemale +5656,Ladakhi,,34.0,78.0,lada1244,lbj,,IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,lbj,Ladaphi; Ladhakhi; Ladak; Ladwags; Ladakhī; Budhī; Bod Buṭun; Mar-yul; Ladakse skat +5657,Levai,,28.391,94.708,leva1238,,Language appears more similar to Miji/Sajalong. Some consider it a dialect of Hruso.,IN,South Asia,,threatened,LINGUIST List,hru-lev,Bangru +5658,Liangmai Naga,,25.2794,93.6694,lian1251,njn,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,njn,Liangmai; Kwoireng; Kacha; Liyang; Lyengmai; Liangmei; Lyangmay; Naga; Liangmai +5659,Lotha Naga,,26.5,94.25,loth1237,njh,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,njh,Lotha; Lhota; Chizima; Choimi; Hlota; Kyong; Miklai; Tsindir; Lutha; Tsontsii; Naga (Lotha); Kyõ; Kyon; Kyontsü; Tsōntsü; Kantsii; Naga; Lotha +566,Berakou,,12.8492,15.032,bera1261,bxv,,TD,Africa,Central Sudanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bxv,Babalia; Bubalia +5660,Mahasu Pahari,,31.2738,77.1295,maha1287,bfz,,IN,South Asia,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,bfz,Baghati; Western Pahari; Mahasui; Pahari; Mahasu +5663,Pochuri Naga,,25.6712,94.779,poch1243,npo,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,npo,Pochuri; Southern Sangtam; Eastern Rengma; Meluri; Anyo; Pochury; Naga; Pochuri +5664,Pattani,,32.75,76.75,patt1248,lae,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lae,Manchati; Manchad; Patni; Chamba; Chamba Lahuli; Lahuli; Swangla; Changsapa Boli; Lahul; Patan; Manchāti; Monchāti; Mantśati; Chamba Lāhulī +5666,Mao Naga,,25.5,94.3333333333,maon1238,nbi,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbi,Mao; Sopvoma; Spowama; Maikel; Memi; Sopfomo; Emela; Naga (Mao); Māo Naga; Naga; Mao +5667,Maram Naga,,25.185,93.9715,mara1379,nma,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nma,Maram; Naga; Maram +5668,Maring Naga,,24.6769,94.3835,mari1416,nng,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nng,Maring; Naga; Maring +5670,Mzieme Naga,,25.6019,93.8891,mzie1235,nme,"Speakers adopted the name ""Northern Zeme"" because the Zeme language has government recognition whereas Mzieme does not. Nonetheless, Zeme and Mzieme are distinct languages. ",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nme,Mzieme; Northern Zeme; Zeme; Naga; Mzieme +5672,Nocte Naga,,27.0,95.5,noct1238,njb,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,njb,Nocte; Namsangia; Naga; Borduria; Jaipuria; Mohongia; Nokte; Paniduria; Namsang; Naga; Nocte +5673,Rongmei Naga,,24.9661,93.5375,rong1266,nbu,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbu,Nruanghmei; Rongmei; Kabui; Maruongmai; Rongmai; Kabiu; Naga; Rongmei +5674,Northern Rengma Naga,,25.958,94.2462,nort2725,nnl,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nnl,Rengma North; Ntenyi; Ntenyi Naga; Nthenyi; Northern Rengma; Rengma; Naga; Northern Rengma +5675,Nupbikha,,27.3937,90.5003,nupb1238,npb,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,npb, +5676,Nyenkha,,27.4595,90.4119,nyen1254,neh,,BT,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,neh,Henkha; Lap; Mangsdekha; Nyg Ked; Nyn Kha; Ngenkha +5677,Padam,,28.2463,95.3668,pada1257,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages. +",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-pad,Standard Adi; Padam Adi; Padam-Minyong Adi +5678,Paite Chin,,24.0,93.1666666667,pait1244,pck,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pck,Paite; Oarte; Paithe; Parte; Haithe; Zoukam; Chin (Paite); Vuite; Chin; Paite +5679,Pani Koch,,25.8,90.2,bana1283,,,IN BD,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,kdq-ban,Banai; Wanang +568,Boor,,10.2149,17.3721,boor1242,bvf,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bvf,Bwara; Damraw +5680,Phom Naga,,26.7799,94.9493,phom1236,nph,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nph,Phom; Chingmengnu; Tamlu; Phon; Tamlu Naga; Chingmengu; Tśingmegnu; Naga; Phom +5681,Puiron,,25.7,94.1,inpu1234,,"Nruanghmei (formerly Kabui, including the Puiron dialect often referred to as a separate language).",IN,South Asia,,,LINGUIST List,05k,Puiron +5682,Rabha,,25.9284,90.9777,rabh1238,rah,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,rah,Rava +5683,Raji,,28.0,82.75,raji1240,rji,,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,rji,Rajibar +5684,Ramo,,28.2463,95.3668,ramo1243,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages.",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-ram, +5685,Rongpo,,30.25,79.5833333333,rong1264,rnp,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,rnp,"Rangpo; ""Manchhi Bhassa""; ""Marchha""; ""Marchha Pahari""; Rangkas; Rangpa; Rang Po Bhasa; ""Tolchha""; ""Tolcha""; Marchcha; Marchha; Sankiyā" +5686,Southern Rengma Naga,,26.298275,93.655055,sout2732,nre,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nre,Terüpvunyu; Rengma Proper; Rengma Naga; Mozhumi; Moiyui; Mon; Unza; Nzong; Nzonyu; Injang; Southern Rengma; Western Rengma; Central Rengma +5687,Sampang,,27.257,86.9444,samp1249,rav,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,rav,Rai; Sampange Rai; Sangpang; Sangpang Kha; Sangpang Gun; Sangpang Gîn; Jindā +5688,Seke (Nepal),,28.9166666667,83.75,seke1240,skj,Related to Gurung. Some similarities with Thakali and Manangba. Very different from Lowa. Tangbe people do not understand Chuksang very well; but Chuksang understand Tangbe. They are reported to understand Gurung but Gurung speakers do not understand Seke.,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,skj, +5689,Sherdukpen,,27.0,92.5,sher1257,sdp,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sdp,Ngnok +569,Buso,,12.5008,17.6011,buso1242,bso,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bso,Busso; Dam de Bousso; Bousso +5690,Sherpa,,27.75,86.8333333333,sher1255,xsr,,IN NP CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,xsr,Sharpa; Sharpa Bhotia; Xiaerba; Serwa; Sharpā; Bhōṭiā of northwestern Nepal; Sharwa +5691,Shimong,,28.2463,95.3668,shim1250,,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,adi-shi, +5692,Simte,,24.1968,93.3563,simt1238,smt,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,smt, +5693,Spiti Bhoti,,32.2871,78.2652,spit1240,spt,,PK IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,spt,Spiti; Spitian; Piti Bhoti +5694,Sunwar,,27.3485,86.2337,sunw1242,suz,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,suz,Sunuwar; Sunbar; Sunwari; Sonowar; Sonowal; Mukhiya; Kwoico Lo; Sunuwār; Sunuvār; Koĩc; Kirānti-Kõints +5695,Surel,,27.6969,86.3058,sure1238,,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,suz-sur, +5696,Tagin,,28.5,94.0,tagi1241,tgj,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tgj, +5697,Talysh,,37.0,49.0,taly1247,tly,,AZ IR,Caucasus; Near East,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,tly,Talish; زبان تالشی; Talış dili; Talyshi; Talishi; Talesh; Taleshi; Tolışi; Толыши; تالشی زَوُن +570,Fongoro,,11.1029,22.7197,fong1243,fgr,,TD,Africa,Central Sudanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,fgr,Gele; Kole +5700,Digaro-Mishmi,,28.4166666667,96.0,diga1241,mhu,,IN CN,South Asia; East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhu,Digaro; Digaru; Taaon; Taraon; Taying; Mishmi; Darang Deng; Darang; Darang Dengyu; Digaro Mishmi; Digāru Mishmi; 達讓語 +5702,Thado Chin,,24.4166666667,93.9166666667,thad1238,tcz,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tcz,Thado; Thadou; Thado-Ubiphei; Thado-Pao; Kuki; Kuki-Thado; Thaadou Kuki; Chin (Thado); Chin; Thado; Thādo-pao; သာဒိုး ချင်း +5703,Thakali,,29.0,83.75,thak1245,ths,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,ths,Tapaang; Thaksya; Panchgaunle; Thāksya +5704,Tiddim Chin,,23.3333333333,93.6666666667,tedi1235,ctd,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,ctd,Chin; Tedim; Tedim; Tiddim; Chin (Tiddim); Chin (Tedim); Kamhau; တီးတိန်ချင်း +5706,Vaiphei,,24.14,93.72,vaip1239,vap,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,vap,Bhaipei; Vaipei; Veiphei +5707,Wambule,,29.25,85.9166666667,wamb1257,wme,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,wme,Umbule; Chaurasya; Tsaurasya; Chaurasia; Chourase; Chourasia; Ambule; Ombule; Chaurāsya; Tśaurasya; Chouras'ya' +5708,Wancho Naga,,26.9759,95.4656,wanc1238,nnp,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nnp,Wancho; Banpara; Banpara Naga; Joboka; Naga; Wancho +5709,Yimchungru Naga,,25.9629,94.9713,yimc1240,yim,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yim,Yimchungrü; Yachimi; Yanchunger; Yimchungru; Yimchunger; Yimchungre; Tozhuma; Yachumi; Yatśumi; Yimtśurr; Yimchungru +571,Goundo,,9.4761,16.2652,goun1238,goy,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,goy, +5710,Helambu Sherpa,,27.92,85.63,hela1238,scp,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,scp,Sherpa; Yholmo; Yolmo; Yohlmo; Yohlmu Tam; Yol-mo; Ölmo +5711,Tagalaka,,-18.1973276258,142.96122717197,taga1279,tgz,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tgz,Dagalang; Da:galag; Takalak; Targa-lag; Tarkalag; Dagalag; Tagalag; Targalag +5712,Girramay,,,,girr1240,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,dbl-gir,Keramai; Kiramay; Kiramai; Wombelbara +572,Jonkor Bourmataguil,,11.4261,19.0145,jonk1238,jeu,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,jeu,Djongor Bourmataguil; Dougne; Karakir +5725,Dhangu-Djangu,,-12.38347818,136.7522892,dhan1270,dhg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,dhg,Dhangu; Dhaŋu; Djangu; Warameri; Waramiri; Dangu; Dhangu'mi; Yirgala +5726,Diyari,,-28.58486621,139.0862193,dier1241,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,,dif; dit,Dieri; Dayerrie; Deerie; Diari; Dickeri; Dieyerie; Dieyrie; Dijari; Diyeri; Dthee-eri; Koonarie; Kunari; Ti:ari; Tirari; Urronminna; Wongkadieri; Wonkadieri; Dirari; Dhirari +5727,Duungidjawu,,-25.3987,152.345,duun1241,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,wkw-duu,Dundijau +573,Kendeje,,13.6299,21.5771,kend1253,klf,,TD,Africa,Maban,endangered,ISO 639-3,klf,Yaali; Kindeje +574,Koke,,10.8575,18.1315,koke1240,kou,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kou,Khoke +5745,Papuma,,-1.77,135.91,papu1251,ppm,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,ppm, +575,Kujarge,,11.749,22.2431,kuja1239,vkj,,TD,Africa,,endangered,ISO 639-3,vkj,Kujarke +576,Laal,,10.0,17.6666666667,laal1242,gdm,,TD,Africa,Isolate,endangered,ISO 639-3,gdm,Gori +5765,Kuanhua,,22.0,100.8,kuan1250,xnh,,CN,East Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,xnh,寬話; 寬語 +577,Massalat,,12.7635,20.5993,mass1262,mdg,,TD,Africa,Maban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mdg, +578,Mbara (Chad),,10.8009,15.6335,mbar1260,mpk,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpk,Massa de Guelengdeng; Guelengdeng; G'kelendeng; G'kelendeg +579,Miltu,,10.2149,17.3913,milt1241,mlj,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,mlj,Miltou +580,Noy,,8.9312,17.8829,noyy1238,noy,,TD,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,noy,Loo +5805,Nyang'i,,3.41666666667,33.5833333333,nyan1313,nyp,,UG,Africa,Kuliak,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nyp,Nuangeya; Nyuangia; Nyangiya; Nyangia; Ngangea; Gyangiya; Nyangeya; Ngiangeya; Nipori; Niporen; Poren; Ngapore; Upale; Nyangi +5808,Zaysé-Zergulla,,5.91666666667,37.3333333333,zays1235,zay,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zay,Zayse; Zayse-Zergulla; Zaysse; Zeyse +581,Adzera,,-6.39,146.29,adze1240,adz,,PG,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,adz,Azera; Acira; Atzera; Atsera +5810,Bankon,,4.41666666667,9.58333333333,bank1256,abb,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,abb,Abo; Bo; Abaw; Bon +5811,Sichela,,-8.511761,32.660766,sich1239,,,TZ,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,wbh-sic, +5812,Tagdal,,15.783416,6.766845,tagd1238,tda,,NG,Africa,Mixed Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tda, +582,Toram,,11.1581,19.6023,tora1267,trj,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,trj,Torom; Torum +5825,Guugu-Yimidhirr,,-15.16061049,144.9904848,gugu1255,kky,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kky,Kukuyimidir; Koko Imudji; Gugu Yimijir; Guugu Yimithirr; Gugu-Yimidhirr; Koko Yimidir; Kokojimoji; Kokoyimidir; Gogo-Yimidjir; Koko-jimidir; Jimidir; Gug-Imudji; Kookoyuma; Kookoymma; Guugu Yimidhirr; Kuku Yimidyi; Balara; Boolcanara; Bullangi; Bulponara; Bulpoonarra Djidjul; Emoji; Galai; Garburnga; Gu.gu Yimidir; I:du Imudji; Ithu Jidhu; Jimudji; Jungkurara; Junkara; Kalay; Guguyimidjir +583,Gyele,,2.2241,9.8986,gyel1242,gyi,,CM GQ,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,gyi,"Bagyéli; Bakola; Giele; Gieli; Gyeli; Bagyele; Bagiele; Bajeli; Bajele; Bogyeli; Bogyel; Bondjiel; Bako; Bekoe; Bakuele; Likoya; ""Babinga""; Baka" +584,Beeke,,0.9997,28.7951,beek1238,bkf,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bkf,Beke; Ibeeke +5845,Uisai,,-6.746,155.685,uisa1238,uis,,PG,Pacific,South Bougainville,threatened,ISO 639-3,uis, +5846,Seri,,29.0,-112.0,seri1257,sei,"(Formerly sometimes associated with the Hokan hypothesis, but this has generally been abandoned.)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,sei, +5848,Hõne,,9.6,10.6,hone1235,juh,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,juh,Hone; Wapan Gwana; Gaateri; Kona Jukun; Pindiga-Jukun +585,Boguru,,4.3902,29.2016,bogu1241,bqu,,SS CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,bqu,Koguru; Kogoro; Buguru +5855,Ishkashimi,,36.4248,71.3344,ishk1246,isk,,TJ AF,Near East,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,isk,Ishkashmi; Ishkashim; Eshkashimi; Eškāšmī +586,Kari,,4.8392,25.5432,kari1306,kbj,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,kbj,Kare; Li-Kari-Li +5866,Oroshor,,38.315,72.321111,oros1238,,,TJ,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-oro,Oroshori; Roshorvi +5867,Shughni,,37.4879,71.5374,shug1248,sgh,"Ethnologue has Rushani (Rushan, Roshani, Oroshani) as a dialect of Shughni, along with Bartangi (Bartang), Oroshor (Roshorvi), Khufi (Khuf, Chuf), Shughni (Shugan, Shugnan, Shighni, Khugni). It says Khufi and Bartangi dialects may be separate languages, and Oroshani may be separate from Rushani. + +Speakers of Bartangī, Orōšōrī, Rōšānī, and Šuḡnī can understand each other; one may say that they speak “regional dialects.” On the other hand, “dialect” also seems justified from a historical point of view (Lentz, 1933, p. 14). + +Synchronically, the question “dialect of which language?” poses ethnic problems, as no generally recognized standard form exists. Even speakers of the most closely related Orōšōrī would never accept that they speak a “dialect” of Bartangī, and the reverse also holds true. (For the native classification see Sköld, 1936, p. 14.) It is accordingly preferable to call Bartangī, Orōšōrī, Rōšānī, and Šuḡnī “languages” and members of a genetically closely related “language group” (for this term cf., e.g., Heger, 1976) corresponding to the Russian expression “yazykovaya gruppa.” (Buddruss, G. 1988: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bartangi-a-member-of-the-sugni-q)",TJ AF,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sgh,Shugnan-Rushan; Shighni; Khugni +587,Ngbinda,,4.6092,27.0812,ngbi1238,nbd,,CD,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nbd,Bungbinda; Bangbinda +5870,Rushani,,37.751667,71.538333,rush1239,,"Ethnologue has Rushani (Rushan, Roshani, Oroshani) as a dialect of Shughni, along with Bartangi (Bartang), Oroshor (Roshorvi), Khufi (Khuf, Chuf), Shughni (Shugan, Shugnan, Shighni, Khugni). It says Khufi and Bartangi dialects may be separate languages, and Oroshani may be separate from Rushani.",TJ AF,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-rus,Rushani; Rushan; Oroshani; Roshni; Roashani +5871,Kaurna,,-34.34966141,138.4800794,kaur1267,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,,,Kaura; Coorna; Koornawarra; Nganawara; Kurumidlanta; Milipitingara; Widninga; Winnaynie; Meyu; Winaini; Winnay-nie; Wakanuwan; Adelaide tribe; Warra; Warrah; Karnuwarra; Jaitjawar:a; Padnaindi; Padnayndie; Medaindi; Medain-die; Merildekald; Merelde; Gaurna; Nantuwara; Nantuwaru; Meljurna; Midlanta +5872,Tum,,18.8,104.8,toum1239,,Some consider Tum a dialect of Hung.,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,hnu-tou,Toum +5873,Kusunda,,28.0,84.6666666667,kusu1250,kgg,"According to a report by OnlineKhabar the last remaining speaker of Kusunda, Rajamama Kusunda, passed away in April 2018. However, there are conflicting reports from 2012 which list Gyani Maiya Sen as the last speaker of Kusunda.",NP,South Asia,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kgg,Kusanda; Kusūndu +5874,Pong,,18.609278,104.922586,phon1243,,"Distinct from Khmuic Phong, Mơưng group Tay Poong and the Phong of the Western Vietic Maleng/Phong/Kri cluster. Some consider it a dialect of Hung.",VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,hnu-pho,Phong; Poong; Pong 1; Pong 2; Tay Pong; Toum Phong; Khong Kheng; Xa La Vang +5876,Ruc,,17.682933,105.784103,rucc1239,,Very closely related to May and Sach.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,scb-ruc,Kha Mu Gia; Tac Cui +5877,Phong-Kniang,,19.856569,104.036814,phon1246,pnx,,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,pnx,Pong 3; Khaniang; Kenieng; Keneng; Lao Phong; Phong; Pong; Kniang; Pheng; Theng; P'eng +5878,Phong,,18.3333,105.0,hung1275,,"Distinct from various Khmuic groups further north also called Phong, from the Tay Poong who speak a Mơưng subgroup language and are included in the Thổ ethnic minority in Vietnam, and from the Pong of the Central Hung/Tum/Pong cluster; this Phong is closely related to Kri and Maleng.",LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1hq,Vietic Phong +5879,Maleng,,17.920839,105.400831,male1282,pkt,Closely related to Kri and the Vietic Phong.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,pkt,Malieng; Malang; Kri; Krìì; Sô Salang; Hareme; Mã Liềng; Kha +588,Benga,,1.16666666667,9.41666666667,beng1282,bng,,GA GQ,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bng,Qaqet +5881,Tewa,,36.0833333333,-106.083333333,tewa1260,tew,,US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,tew, +5882,Phonsung,,17.77,104.23,aheu1239,,May be a dialect of Thavung.,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,thm-pho, +5883,May,,17.981492,105.622181,mayy1239,,Some consider it a dialect of Sach.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,scb-may, +5884,Kri,,18.25,105.0,khap1242,,Closely related to Maleng/Pakatan and the Vietic Phong.,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1fn, +5885,Kasong,,13.228214,99.852433,cent2314,,Distinct language often confused with Chong (cog). Some consider it a dialect of Suoy. Also Song (1l3) of Mon-Khmer is different from Song (soa) of Tai-Kadai though both of them are spoken in Thailand.,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1l3,Song; Chong of Trat +5886,Kukatja,,-20.242549,127.534736,kuka1246,kux,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kux,Nambulatji; Panara; Pardoo; Peedona; Peedong; Pidung; Pidunga; Wanaeka; Wangatjunga; Wangatunga; Wangkadjungga; Wangkatjunga; Wangkatunga; Wangu; Wankutjunga; Bedengo; Bidong; Bidungo; Boonara; Bunara; Gogada; Gogadja; Gogoda; Gugada; Gugadja; Gugudja; Ilbaridja; Julbaritja; Julbre; Kokatja; Kukaja; Ku-kuruba; Manggai; Nambulatji; Kukacha; Luritja; Luritcha; Loritja; Loritcha; Lurritji; Aluridja; Loorudgie; Loorudgee; Juluridja; Maduntara; Maiulatara; Jumu +590,Naro,,-21.53317,21.934448,naro1249,nhr,,BW NA,Africa,Khoe,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nhr,Nharo; Naron; /Ai San; Nharon; Nhauru; Nhaurun; ||Aikwe; |Aikwe; ||Ai||en; ||Aisan; ||Ai||e; Qoo; Gaa; Ts'ao +592,N||ng,,-27.935574,22.734146,nngg1234,ngh,,ZA,Africa,Tuu,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ngh,N|uu; N|u; N/u; Khomani; ǂKhomani; /Nusan; =|Khomani +5925,Mabaan,,9.786503,33.633736,maba1273,mfz,,SS,Africa,Nilotic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mfz,Maaban; Meban; Southern Burun; Gura; Tungan; Barga; Tonko; Ulu; Maban; Süd-Burun +5929,Bodi,,6.402267,36.005147,bodi1253,,,ET,Africa,Surmic,threatened,LINGUIST List,mym-bod,Podi +593,Taa,,-24.1367,20.1049,huaa1248,nmn,,BW NA,Africa,Tuu,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmn,!Xóõ; Tâa; !Xuun; N/amani; Ng|amani; Tsasi; Qgoon; /Namani; Tshasi; !Ko; Casi; /Nu//een +5930,C'ara,,6.479,36.3647,char1269,cra,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,cra,Chara; Ciara +5931,Fadashi,,10.849491,34.820309,fada1248,,,ET,Africa,Berta,threatened,LINGUIST List,wti-fad,Fedashe +5932,Shé,,7.748522,35.949797,shee1239,,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,bcq-she,She; Sce; Kaba +5934,Mangala,,-19.492,123.84,mang1383,mem,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,mem,Mangalaa; Mangarla; Manala; Maŋala; Minala; Mangal; Mangula; Mangai; Djawali; Djuwali; Jiwali; Jiwarli; Koalgurdi; Yalmbau; Mangala +5935,Garig,,,,gari1254,,,AU,Australia,Iwaidjan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ilg-gar,Gaari; Gari; Garik +5937,Iduh,,19.435231,104.4286,oduu1239,tyh,Believed to be an eastern dialect of Khmu until recent fieldwork by Gerard Diffloth.,VN LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,tyh,O Du; O'du; 'Iduh; Hat; Haat; Tay Hat +5938,Phalok,,18.9582,98.789,phal1255,,Some consider this a dialect of Eastern Lawa. Possibly extinct.,TH,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,dormant,LINGUIST List,lwl-pha,Mae Rim Lawa; Phalo +594,ǂHoan,,-23.977469,23.91037,hoaa1235,huc,,BW,Africa,Kx'a,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,huc,ǂHua; ǂHuan; ≠Hû; =|Hua; =|Hua-Owani; |Hua; |Hû; =|Hoan; =|Hoa; ǂHõã; ǂQhôã; ǂHua-Owani; ǂHoa; Eastern ǂHuan; ǂHũã +5945,Malak Malak,,-13.691648,130.677778,mull1237,mpb,,AU,Australia,Northern Daly,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,mpb,MalakMalak; MullukMulluk; Ngolok-Wangar; Ngolak-Wonga; Nguluwongga; Mullukmulluk; Malagmalag; Malakmalak; Mullikmullik; Mollakmollak; Mallackmallack; Mullik-Mullik; Mollak-mollak; Malack-malack; Mulluc-Mulluc; Ngolok-Wangar; Ngululwanga; Ngulugwanga; Akana; Djiramo; Djiramö; Malag-Malag; Malak-malak; Mallak-mallak; Mollak Mollak; Mollok Mollok; Mullik-mullik; Mulluck Mulluck; Mulluk Mulluk; Mulluk-Mulluk; Mullu-Mulluc; Mulukmuluk; Ngolak-Wanggar; Ngolokwangga; Ngulugwongga; Nguluk Wangkar; Ngulukwongga; Valli-valli; Malak-Malak +5947,Ngan'gikurunggurr,,-14.18774722,130.1264861,tyem1238,,,AU,Australia,Southern Daly,endangered,LINGUIST List,nam-nan,Tyemeri; Marityemeri; Ngangikurrunggurr; Moil; Ngangikurongor; Ngangikarangurr; Ngangikurrungur; Ngankikurungkurr; Nangikurrunggurr; Nanggikorongo; Ngenkikurrunggur +595,|Gui,,-22.118722,22.415146,gwii1239,gwj,|Gui and ||Gana [gnk] form a dialect cluster.,BW,Africa,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,gwj,|Gwi; G/wi; /Gwi; G|wi +596,||Gana,,-21.7824,21.8971,gana1274,gnk,||Gana and |Gui [gwj] form a dialect cluster.,BW,Africa,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,gnk,//Gana; G//ana; Dxana; G//anakhwe; Gxana; Gxanna; /Khessakoe; //Ganakhwe; Kanakoe +5965,Nhanta,,-28.671311,115.113029,nhan1238,nha,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nha,Amangu; Champion Bay tribe; Jau; Yau; Eaw; Nanda; Nanta; Nhanda; Nubda; Nunta; Wathandi; Wilunya; Watjandi; Watchandi; Watchandie; Buluguda; Bulgulu; Tamala; Daguda; Yaw; Eau +597,||Ani,,-18.6462,22.1319,anii1246,hnh,Khwe [xuu] and ||Ani [hnh] form a dialect cluster.,BW,Africa,Khoe,endangered,ISO 639-3,hnh,//Ani; /Anda; Handá; |Anda; Handádam; Handakwe-Dam; Handa-Khwe; Khwe-||Ani; ||Anikhwe +5986,Yangman,,-15.02163749,132.7379726,yang1288,jng,,AU,Australia,Yangmanic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jng,Jungman; Dagoman; Yungman; Yungmun; Yungmunni; Yungmanni; Yungmunee; Yungmunnee; Jongman +5987,Yuwaalaraay,,-29.84291122,149.806501,yuwa1242,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ki,Yualyai; Ualari; Juwalarai; Yualarai; Wullaroi; Yualai; Yerraleroi; Yuwaalayaay +5988,Alagwa,,-5.5,35.75,alag1248,wbj,,TZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,wbj,Alagwaisi; Alagwase; Alawa; Chasi; Asi; Wasi; Kialagwa; Wasai; Uwassi +5989,"Baka (East Region, Cameroon)",,2.043024,13.399887,baka1272,bkc,,GA CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bkc,"Bayaka; Bayaga; Bibaya; ""Babinga""" +5990,Bayot,,12.4218,-16.4149,bayo1255,bda,,SN GM GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bda,Baiote; Baiot; Bayotte; Bayote +5991,Bobongko,,-0.36759,121.922,bobo1255,bgb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,bgb, +5992,Bure,,10.517012,10.333315,bure1242,bvh,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,bvh,Bubburè; Bubure; Bubbure +5993,Bussa,,5.7225,37.1406,buss1239,dox,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,dox,Muusiye; Mossiya; Mossittaata; Dobase; D'oopace; D'opaasunte; Lohu; Mossiye; Mosiye; Musiye; Gobeze; Gowase; Goraze; Orase; Gowaze; North Bussa +5994,Fam,,7.819847,10.736183,famm1241,fam,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,fam, +5995,Gbayi,,5.57378,21.9707,gbay1278,gyg,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,gyg,Kpasiya +5997,Ju,,10.104923,9.822267,juuu1243,juu,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,ISO 639-3,juu,Sho +5998,Kamda,,11.391187,29.119034,kamd1238,,,SD,Africa,Kadu,threatened,LINGUIST List,tey-kam,Kamdang +5999,Korop,,5.101887,8.711952,koro1304,krp,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,krp,Ododop; Durop; Kurop; Dyurop; Erorup +600,Shua,,-21.2458,26.1776,shua1254,shg,Shua and Tshwa [hio] form a dialect cluster.,BW,Africa,Khoe,endangered,ISO 639-3,shg,Mashuakwe; Tshumakwe; Shua-Khwe +6000,Kpatili,,5.301989,21.889473,kpat1244,kym,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kym,Kpatiri; Kpatere; Ngindere +6006,Kw'adza,,-5.3753,35.8621,kwad1248,wka,,TZ,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,wka,Qwadza; Kwadza; Ng’omvia; Ngomvya +6025,Bezhta,,42.1369,46.1508,bezh1248,kap,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kap,Bezheta; Kapucha; бежитинский язык; капучинский язык; бежкьалас миц; bežƛʼalas mic; Bexita; Bezhita; Bezhti; Kapuchin; Bechitin; Kupuca +6029,Dhuwal,,-12.61979016,135.5309461,nucl1333,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,,duj; djr,Duala; Dual; Wulamba; Duwal; Murngin; Balamumu; Barlamomo; Barlamumu; Malag; Marlark; Arrawiya; Banjarrpuma; Bilamandji Dhurili; Durilji; Djambarrpuyngu; Jambapuing; Jambapuingo +603,Ju|'hoan,,-18.783792,21.742359,juho1239,ktz,,BW NA,Africa,Kx'a,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ktz,Ju/'hoan; Agau; Kung-Tsumkwe; Xu; Xun; Kung; !Xo; Zhu'oasi; Dzu'oasi; Tsumkwe; Dobe Kung; Xaixai; Žhu|hõasi; Ju/'hoansi +6030,Logba,,6.952328,0.472206,logb1245,lgq,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,lgq, +6031,Mbonga,,5.6,13.8,mbon1252,xmb,,CM,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,xmb,Mboa; Mboŋa +6032,Mser,,12.100424,15.026155,mser1242,kqx,,CM TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,kqx,Kotoko-Kuseri; Kuseri; Kouseri; Kousseri; Mandage; Klesem; Mandague; Mendage +6035,Gundi,,4.0,16.0,gund1247,gdi,,CF,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,gdi,Ngundi; Ngondi +6036,Obulom,,4.7432164,7.0821162,obul1239,obu,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,obu,Abuloma; Obulum +6037,Pande,,3.522159,16.039603,pand1264,bkj,,CF,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,bkj,Ipande +6038,Hwarasa,,,,hwar1238,,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,ahg-hwa,"Qwara; Qwarina; ""Kara""; Quara; Qwarenya; 中库希特语支" +6039,Selee,,7.17462,0.42458,sele1249,snw,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,snw,Santrokofi; Sentrokofi; Bale; Sele +6045,Swoeng,,15.3333,106.75,lawi1235,,The Swoeng (autonym) or Lavi should not be confused with the Loven further south. Recently located by Thai linguist Theraphan Luangthongkum.,LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1eu,Lavi; Lavy +6046,Juk,,15.3333,106.85,souu1238,,"Not the same as the Western Katuic Kui language, also known as Suai in Thai. Recently located by Thai linguist Theraphan Luangthongkum.",LA,Southeast Asia,Austro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,lbo-juk,Suai +605,Hadza,,-3.401,35.3897,hadz1240,hts,,TZ,Africa,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,hts,Hatsa; Hadzabi; Wakindiga; Kangeju; Hadzapi; Kindiga; Tindiga +6065,Saulteaux,,50.5573,-98.6562,west1510,ojw,,CA,North America,Algic,threatened,ISO 639-3,ojw,Ojibwa; Ojibway; Ojibwe; Chippeway; Plains Ojibway; Western Ojibwa; Salteaux; Nakawēmowin +6085,Diné Bizaad (Navajo),,35.8044,-108.475,nava1243,nav,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,at risk,ISO 639-3,nav,Diné Bizaad; Navajo; Navaho; Diné +61,Himba,,-18.05657,13.840657,zemb1238,dhm,,NA AO,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dhm,Dhimba; Dimba; Otjidhimba; Zemba; Tjimba; Simba; Chimba; Oluthimba; Luzimba +6105,Wawa,,6.748828,11.808929,wawa1246,www,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,www, +6106,Hwela,,,,hwel1241,,,GH,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,lig-hwe,Hwela-Numu; Huela; Weila; Wiila; Weela; Vwela +6107,Yukuben,,6.852805,9.892777,yuku1243,ybl,,NG CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ybl,Boritsũ; Nyikuben; Nyikobe; Ayikiben; Boritsu; Balaabe; Balaaben; Oohum; Uuhum; Uuhum-Gigi; Uhumkhegi; Gohum +6108,Khufi,,37.8595,71.603726,khuf1238,,,AF,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,sgh-khu,Khuf; Chuf +6146,Yokuts,,36.0269,-118.7213,yoku1256,yok,"Yokuts is a large complex of dialects, with over 40 local varieties and 6 emergent languages; 3 no longer have any native speakers. +",US,North America,Yokutsan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yok, +6149,Jakalteko,,15.66,-91.66,popt1235,,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 2 Jakalteko languages (Eastern Jakalteko [jac] +and Western Jakalteko [jai]) where others have only 1. Ethnologue (2013 has only 1, [jac]. + ",GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jac; jai,Jacaltec; Jakalteco; Popti' +6150,Matlatzinca,,19.39,-99.92,sanf1262,mat,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mat,Bot'una +6169,Sierra Popoluca,,18.3333333333,-95.1666666667,high1276,poi,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,poi,Highland Popoluca; Popoluca de la Sierra; Soteapanec; Soteapan Zoque +6189,Pisaflores Tepehua,,20.688,-98.012,pisa1237,tpp,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Tepehua languages: +Tepehua, Huehuetla [tee] +Tepehua, Pisaflores [tpp] +Tepehua, Tlachichilco [tpt]. +INALI also distinguishes 3 ""variantes"" of Tepehua. + +The categorization adopted here is that of Carolyn MacKay and Frank Trechsel.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Totonacan,threatened,ISO 639-3,tpp, +6193,Triqui,,,,,,"Ethnologue has 3 Triqui languages: +Triqui, Chicahuaxtla [trs] +Triqui, Copala [trc] +Triqui, San Martín Itunyoso [trq]. +INALI gives 4 ""variantes"" of Triqui. ",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,trs; trc; trq, +6195,Guazacapán Xinka,,14.057656,-90.497983,xinc1246,qda,"Xinkan is a language family with four members: Guazacapán Xinka, Chiquimulilla Xinka, Jumaytepeque Xinka, and Yupiltepeque Xinka. Two of the four are extinct; the other two have only 3 elderly second language semi-speakers (Rogers 2010:3). Despite the very significant differences among these languages, and lack of mutual intelligibility, ""Xinkan"" is often talked of as though it were only a single language. For example, +Ethnologue (2013) gives only a single ""Xinca"" [xin] language, with no known L1 speakers.",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Xincan,dormant,ISO 639-3,qda,Xinca de Guazacapán +6196,Jumaytepeque Xinka,,14.344,-90.256,xink1235,qhq,"Xinkan is a language family with four members: Guazacapán Xinka, Chiquimulilla Xinka, Jumaytepeque Xinka, and Yupiltepeque Xinka. Two of the four are extinct; the other two have only 3 elderly second language semi-speakers (Rogers 2010:3). Despite the very significant differences among these languages and lack of mutual intelligibility, ""Xinkan"" is often erroneously talked of as though it were only a single language. For example, +Ethnologue (2013) gives only a single ""Xinca"" [xin] language, with no known L1 speakers.",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Xincan,dormant,,qhq,Jumay Xinka; Xinca de Jumaytepeque +6197,Poqomchi',,15.36,-90.58,poqo1254,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 languages for Poqomchi' where others have only one. The 2 are: Poqomchi’, Eastern [poh] 42,200 (2000), and Poqomchi’, Western [pob] 50,000 (1998).",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,poh; pob, +6198,Uspanteko,,15.3475,-90.8684,uspa1245,usp,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,usp,Uspanteco; Uspantec +6199,Sumo,,13.0,-84.5,maya1285,,Some scholars believe there is only a single Sumo [Sum] language; others hold that there are two separate languages; Mayangna [yan] and Ulwa [ulw].,HN NI,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Misumalpan,threatened,ISO 639-3,sum; yan; ulw,Sumo-Mayangna; Sumu; Ulwa; Ulua; Ulúa; Woolwa; Mayangna +6200,Guaymí,,8.66666666667,-82.0,ngab1239,gym,,CR PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,gym,Ngäbere; Chiriqui; Ngobere; Valiente +6202,Cora,,22.0,-105.0,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Cora languages: +Cora, El Nayar [crn] 8,000 (1993), +Cora, Santa Teresa [cok] 7,000 (1993).",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,endangered,ISO 639-3,crn; cok,Náayeri +6203,Guarijío,,27.75,-108.666666667,huar1255,var,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,threatened,ISO 639-3,var,Macurái; Maculái; Macurawe; Varihío; Varijío; Vorijío; Warihío; Huarijío +6229,Djuwarliny,,-20.342394,122.281792,djuw1238,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,wmt-dju,Juwaliny; Tjuwalinj; Tjiwarliñ +6250,Western Bukidnon Manobo,,7.66666666667,124.75,west2555,mbb,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mbb, +626,Oaxaca Zoque,,16.75,-94.75,chim1300,zoh,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zoh,Zoque; Chimalapa Zoque; Zoque (Chimalapa) +6269,Wangkajunga,,-20.26867763,126.5343409,wang1288,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kc,Wangkajungka +627,Zuni,,35.082,-108.76,zuni1245,zun,,US,North America,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,zun,Zuñi; Shiwi'ma +6270,Martu Wangka,,-29.854456,122.324919,mart1256,mpj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,ISO 639-3,mpj,Mardo; Targudi; Jigalong; Martuwangka; Targoodi; Mardujara +6271,Wudjari,,-33.76168825,122.1094206,,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kf,Widjara; Warangoo; Warranger; Warrangle; Ngokwurring; Ngokgurring; Nonga; Nunga; Yunga; Daran +6272,Mirniny,,-31.297328,130.052719,mirn1245,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,0ql,Mirning-Ngadjunma-Kalarko; Mirning; Mirniny; East Mirniny; Mirniñ; Mining; Meening; Wanbiri; Warnabirrie; Warnabinnie; Wanmaraing; Yirkla; Ikala; Ikula +6273,Western Arrarnte,,-22.97968655,132.4794151,west2441,are,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,threatened,ISO 639-3,are,Arrernte; Arrernte (Western); Arrarnta (Western); Western Aranda; Aranda; Aldolanga; Aldolinga; A'randa; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunta; Arunta Ulpma; Burrin-gah; Herrinda; Ilpma; Jairunda; Oiljpma; Paroola; Ulpma; Urrundie; Ur-rundie; Waitjinga; Wonggaranda; Wongkatjeri; Wychinga; Western Arranta +629,Záparo,,-2.2186,-76.5087,zapa1253,zro,,PE EC,South America,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,zro,Záparo; Zápara; Kayapwe; Zaparo; Kayapi; Záparo-Conambo; Sáparo-Konambo; Sápara +6310,Ambele,,5.868,9.765,ambe1247,ael,"Alternate names are self-reported by Ambele-speaking people according to Ayotte and Ayotte, 2002.",CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ael,Tinta; Ambala; Bata'o; Lembala; Tentwa' +632,Yukpa,,9.7956,-72.9382,yukp1241,yup,,CO VE,South America,Cariban,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yup,Yucpa-Yaprería; Japrería; Macoíta; Yuco; Yucpa; Yuko; Yupa +6329,Menka,,5.885162,9.833596,menk1238,mea,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mea,Wando Bando; Mamwoh +633,Yuki,,-16.2463,-65.0061,yuqu1240,yuq,,BO,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,yuq,Yuqui; Bia; Yúki; mbiá +634,Yuhup,,-0.5493,-69.9169,yuhu1238,yab,"The term ""Makú"" has pejorative connotations; ""Nadahup"" is the preferred term for this group of languages. ",BR CO,South America,Nadahup,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yab,Makú-Yahup; Yëhup; Yahup; Yahup Makú; “Maku” +6349,Badjiri,,-28.71870395,144.8719484,badj1244,jbi,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jbi,Budjari; Badyidi; Badjidi; Badjeri; Baddyeri; Byjerri; Baderi; Poidg-erry; Badjedi; Bädjäri; Poidgerry +6350,Dharumbal,,-23.05169278,150.4004615,dhar1248,xgm,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xgm,Baiali; Biyali; Darambal; Orambul; Charumbul; Darawal; Darumbal; Kooinmarburra; Kuinmurbara; Ningebal; Tarumbal; Tharumbal; Urambal; Warabal; Yetimarala; Wandandian (?); Byellee; Bieli; Byellel; Tarumbul; Koinjmal; Guñmal; Kooinmerburra; Kungmal; Kungalburra; Mamburra; Bayali; Koinbal +6351,Gureng Gureng,,-25.92169536,151.3260412,gure1255,gnr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,gnr,Curanggurang; Curang-gurang; Goorang-goorang; Gooranggorang; Gooreng Gooreng; Gurang; Gurang Gurang; Guranggurang; Gurang-gurang; Gureng-gureng; Kooranga; Korenggoreng; Koreng-koreng; Korrengkorreng; Kurranga; Gurreng Gurreng; Gureng-Gureng; Goreng Goreng +6352,Ngamo,,6.772275,37.313475,ngam1282,nbh,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,nbh,Ngamawa; Gamo; Gamawa +640,Horpa,,31.091339,101.748892,horp1239,ero,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ero,Ergong; Daofu; Horpa-Shangzhai; Hor; Hórsók; Danba; Western Jiarong; Pawang; Bawang; 爾龔語; 道孚語; 霍爾語 +641,Achagua,,4.434,-70.8837,acha1250,aca,,CO,South America,Arawakan,endangered,ISO 639-3,aca,Achagua; Xagua; Ajagua; Achawa +6449,Inuktitut,,54.1772,-58.4218,east2534,ike,,CA,North America,Eskimo-Aleut,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ike,ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ; Inuit; Eastern Arctic Eskimo; Eastern Canadian Eskimo +6469,Upland Yuman,,36.2429,-112.6897,hava1248,yuf,"Spoken by 3 historically and culturally distinct groups, the Hualapai, the Havasupai, and the Yavapai, although all varieties are mutually intelligible.",US,North America,Cochimi-Yuman,threatened,ISO 639-3,yuf,Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai; Upper Colorado River Yuman; Northern Pai; Upland; Hualapai; Havasupai; Yavapai; Pai; Upper River Yuman +647,Achi',,15.0845,-90.4888,achi1256,acr,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,acr,Rabinal K'iche'; Achí +648,Achuar,,-2.876318,-77.586775,achu1248,acu,"Kaufman (2007: 69) considers Jívaro a “language area” with two emergent languages, Jívaro and Aguaruna. Shuar, Achuar, Aguaruna, and Huambisa are closely related languages or dialects of a single language.",PE EC,South America,Chicham family (Jivaroan),threatened,ISO 639-3,acu,Achual; Achuar-Shiwiar; Achuale; Achuara; Jívaro; Maina +650,Acoma-Laguna,,34.8964,-107.5816,west2632,kjq,,US,North America,Keresan,threatened,ISO 639-3,kjq,Western Keres Pueblo; Western Keresan; Acoma +6509,Picuris,,36.1914,-105.7151,picu1248,,"Ethnologue puts Taos and Picuris together in its ""Northern Tiwa"", lists Taos and Picuris as dialects, but yet says that ""Taos and Picuris are not mutually intelligible (Golla 2007)."" Others distinguish these as two separate languages.",US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,threatened,LINGUIST List,twf-pic,Taos-Picuris +651,Akateko,,16.7823,-93.1061,west2635,knj,,GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,knj,Acatec; Kanjobal (Western); Kanjobal; Western; Acateco; Acatec; San Miguel Acatán Kanjobal; Conob; Western Kanjobal; Western Q'anjob'al; Kanjobal de San Miguel Acatán +6510,Taos,,36.4717,-105.5596,nort1550,twf,"Ethnologue puts Taos and Picuris together in its ""Northern Tiwa"" [twf], lists Taos and Picuris as dialects, but yet says that ""Taos and Picuris are not mutually intelligible (Golla 2007)."" Others distinguish these as two separate languages.",US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,endangered,,twf,Northern Tiwa; Tiwa; Northern; Tiwa; Tiwa (Northern) +6511,Rio Grande Keresan,,35.4166666667,-106.666666667,east1472,kee,"Rio Grande Keresan is a complex of Keresan dialects spoken by members of five New Mexico Pueblos located near the Rio Grande or Jemez River north of Albuquerque: Zia, Santa Ana, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, and Cochiti. There is considerable local variation, but all varieties are mutually intelligible, as well as partially intelligible to speakers of Acoma-Laguna. (Golla et al. 2008.)",US,North America,Keresan,endangered,ISO 639-3,kee,Rio Grande Keresan; Eastern Keresan; Eastern Keres Pueblo; Santa Ana; Keres; Keresan (Santa Ana); Keresan; Keres; Eastern +6512,Sioux,,43.0588,-102.5244,,," Sioux is the cover term for the varieties of the Dakotan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages. Sioux is further divided into three major dialects, Santee-Sisseton (Dakota), Yankton-Yanktonai, and Teton (Lakota), between which there is a fair degree of mutual intelligibility. + Ethnologue distinguishes four Dakota languages: Assiniboine [asb], Dakota [dak], Lakota [lkt], Stoney [sto]. +",US CA,North America,Siouan,endangered,,dak; lkt; sto,Lakota +6513,Tubatulabal,,35.6444,-118.5183,tuba1278,tub,,US,North America,Uto-Aztecan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tub,Tübatulabal; Kern River; Kern +652,Q'anjob'al,,15.3333333333,-91.6666666667,qanj1241,kjb,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kjb,Kanjobal (Eastern); Kanjobal; Kanjobal; Eastern; Kanhobal; Conob; Eastern Kanjobal; Qanjobal +653,Kiowa Apache,,35.1018,-98.6033,kiow1264,apk,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,dormant,ISO 639-3,apk,Oklahoma Apache; Plains Apache; Kiowa-Apache; Na'isha; Llanero; Na-isha; Apache; Kiowa +654,Lipan,,33.1513,-105.799,lipa1241,apl,"Golla et al. (2008): Lipan was an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. There were 2 or three elderly speakers living as late as 1981, but the language is now dormant. It is very poorly documented.",US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,apl,Apache; Lipan; Eastern Apache; Lipan Apache +655,Apalaí,,0.0,-54.0,apal1257,apy,,BR,South America,Cariban,endangered,ISO 639-3,apy,Apalai; Aparai; Apalay +656,Apiaká,,-11.1519,-57.3113,apia1248,api,,BR,South America,Tupian,dormant,ISO 639-3,api,Apiacá; Apiake +6569,Huichol,,22.0,-104.0,huic1243,hch,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,hch,Vixaritari Vaniuqui; Vizaritari Vaniuki +657,Apatani,,27.5228,93.8177,apat1240,apt,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,apt,Apa; Patan; Apa Tani +658,Apinayé,,-5.5,-48.0,apin1244,apn,,BR,South America,Jean,threatened,ISO 639-3,apn,Apinage; Apinayé; Apinajé; Apinagé +660,Arabela,,-1.5818,-75.3881,arab1268,arl,,PE,South America,Zaparoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,arl,Chiripuno; Chiripunu; Arabela-Andoa +6609,Gugu-Warra,,-15.6137893,143.7753848,gugu1256,wrw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wrw,Kokowarra; Kokowara; Laia; Koko Wara; Kookawarra; Coo-oo-warra; Gugu-Warra; Koko Laia; Coo-coo-warra; Aghu Laia; Aku Laia; Guguwarra; Kuku-Wara +661,Arapaho,,43.0139,-108.8214,arap1274,arp,,US,North America,Algic,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,arp,Arrapahoe; Northern Arapaho; Arapaho-Atsina +662,Júma,,-7.4496,-63.8195,juma1249,jua,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jua,Arara; Kagwahibm; Kagwahiph; Kagwahiv; Kavahiva; Kawahip; Kawaib; Yumá +663,Araweté,,-5.1347,-52.3388,araw1273,awt,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,awt,Bïde; Asuriní; Asuriní do Xingú; Asuriní do Coatinema; Awaeté +6630,Jurruru,,-23.103734,116.026382,tjur1240,tju,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,tju,Tjuroro; Tjururu; Tjororo; Tjururo; Churoro; Choororo; Chooraroo; Djururo; Djururu; Chooraro +6631,Awabakal,,-33.09,151.588,awab1243,awk,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,awk,Arwarbukarl; Awabagal; Hunter River and Lake Macquarie; Kuringgai; Kuri; Lake Macquaire Newcastle tribe; Lake Macquarie; Geawegal; Gwegal +6632,Kalkatungu,,-20.8213821,139.0590511,kalk1246,,"Wakabunga (ISO 639-3: wwb) is apparently another name for Kalkatungu (ktb), mistakenly identified as a new language.",AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,,ktg; wwb,Calcadoon; Galgadung; Galgadungu; Galgaduun; Kalka-donna; Kalkadoon; Kalkadun; Kalkadung; Kalkadunga; Kalkaladoona; Kalkatongo; Kalkatunga; Kulkadoon; Kulkodone; Maithakari; Mantaba; Roongkari; Rungkari; Kalkutung; Wakabunga; Waggaboonyah; Waggabundi; Wakobungo; Waukaboonia; Worgabunga; Workabunga; Workoboongo +664,Arikapú,,-12.0527,-64.7259,arik1265,ark,"Hein van der Voort (2012) has shown that Mashubi (Maxubí), formerly identified as a separate language, is in fact just Arikapú.",BR,South America,Jabutian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ark,Arikapu; Aricapú; Aricapu; Maxubí; Mashubi +6649,Barngarla,,-30.99936857,136.9137803,bang1339,bjb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,bjb,Parnkala; Parnkalla; Banggarla; Bangala; Banggala; Bahanga-La; Bungeha; Bungela; Pangkala; Pakarla; Pankalla; Punkalla; Kortabina; Pankarla; Bahanga-la; Kooapidna; Bungala; Bahngala; Pankala; Parkalla; Parn-ka-la; Punkirla; Willeuroo; Arkaba-tura; Wanbirujurari; Willara +665,Aruá,,-12.0285,-64.7094,arua1261,arx,,BR,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,arx,Aruaxi; Aruashí; Cinta Larga; Gavião; Zoró +6650,Pirlatapa,,-29.95018853,139.5123499,pirl1238,bxi,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,bxi,Berluppa; Biladaba; Biladapa; Bilatappa; Billatapa; Billidapa; Birladapa; Jarikuna; Pidlatapa; Piladapa; Pilardapa; Pilatapa; Pilladapa; Pillatapa; Pilliapp; Pillitapa; Pulladapa; Yarri-kuna +6651,Warndarrang,,-14.9,134.95,wand1263,wnd,,AU,Australia,Gunwinyguan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wnd,Wandaran; Wandarang; Wandarung; Wanderang; Wangarong; Warndarang; Wuyarrawala +6652,Warriyangga,,-24.146754,115.583954,wari1262,wri,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,wri,Wariyangga; Warriyangka; Wariengga; Warianga; Warienga; Warrijangga; Woorienga; Woorenga; Wariwongga; Wari-wonga; Warriwonga; Wariwonga; Malgaru; Malygaru; Wadiwangga +6653,Yalarnnga,,-21.97436706,139.9133497,yala1262,ylr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,ylr,Jalanga; Wonganja; Yalarrnga; Yallunga; Yelina; Yellanga; Yellunga +6654,Yaygir,,-29.91558791,153.2691386,yayg1236,xya,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xya,Yegir; Jeigir; Jungai; Yegera; Yiegera; Youngai; Yaygirr +6656,Yorta Yorta,,-36.0469555,144.8188789,yort1237,xyy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xyy,Arramouro; Boonegatha; Echuca; Gunbowerooranditchgoole; Gunbowers; Jodajoda; Jotijota; Joti-jota; Kwart Kwart; Loddon tribe; Moira; 'Ngarrimouro; Ngarrimowro; Unungun; Wol-lithiga; Woollathura; Yabola; Yodayoda; Yoda-Yoda; Yoorta; Yota; Yota Yota; Yotayota; Yota-Yota; Yoti Yoti; Yotta-Yotta; Youta; Bangerang +6657,Biri,,-28.478349,115.462875,biri1256,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,,bzr; xgi,Biria; Birri Gubba; Birigaba; Biriaba; Breeaba; Perembba; Perenbba; Wirri; Wiriwiri; Wierdi; Widi; Juipera; Garingbal +6659,Dhurga,,-35.54363597,150.1793725,dhur1239,dhu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dhu,Dhu'rga; Durga; Thoorga; Tharumba; Thurga; Bugellimanj; Bargalia; Moruya; Bugellimangi; Walbanga; Thaua; Thawa; Thauaira; Tadermanji; Tauaira; Guyangalyuin; Wandanian; Kurialyuin; Dhuurga; Duurga +666,Ica,,10.0986,-73.5424,arhu1242,arh,,CO,South America,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,arh,Arhuaco; Aruaco; Bintuk; Bíntucua; Bintucua; Ijca; Ijka; Ika; Ike; Bintukwa; Arwako; Busitana; Icu; Ixca; Bintuka +6660,Kungarakany,,-12.976028,130.946883,kung1259,ggk,,AU,Australia,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,ggk,Gungaragan; Gunerakan; Kangarraga; Kungarakan; Gungarakanj; Gungaragany; Kungarakayn +6661,Aghu-Tharnggala,,-15.11729919,145.810382,aghu1256,gtu,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gtu,Aghu Tharnggalu; Kuku-Mini; Ikarranggali; Aghu-Tharrnggala; Aghu; Agu-Tarnggele; Aku-Danggela; Darnggele; Darnggelle; Aghu Tharnggala; Gogo Mini +6663,Dhuwala,,-12.19248937,135.4089344,,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,,guf; gnn,Gupapuyngu; Gobabingo; Kupapuyngu; Gubabuyngu; Gubabwingu; Gobabwingu; Gababoinu; Kopapingo; Kopapoingo; Koparpingu; Gupapuyŋu; Kopapingu; gupapuyngu; Kopapaingo; Gupapuynu; Gupapuyna; Kuppapoingo; Gobabwingo; Goba-buinggu; Gubabuingu; Gababingo; Gububuinung; Ba-babingo; Guba; Gobagwingo; Dajoror; Gumatj +6664,Kuyani,,-30.50201585,138.1018386,guya1249,gvy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gvy,Guyani; Kijani; Kwiani; Gujani; Kujani; Kuyanni; Kwiana; Kooyiannie; Cooyiannie; Kooyeeunna; Kooteeuna; Koonarie; Owinia; Kooteeunna; Nganitjidi; Ngannityiddi +6666,Linngithigh,,-12.99121804,141.7166807,leni1238,lnj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,lnj,Linngithig; Leningitij; Linngidhigh; Cabati; Ladamngid; Latangeti; Latarngit; Leiningidi; Leningiti; Lenngeti; Lenngidgh; Lingitir; Linngiti; Onnatangnit; Umngnity; Winda Winda; Laini-ngitti; Linŋit̯iγ +6668,Ngarrindjeri,,-35.94962694,139.8185645,narr1259,nay,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,nay,Narrinyeri; Ngarinyeri; Yaralde; Jarildekald; Jaralde; Yarilde; Yarrildie; Jaraldi; Jarildikald; Lakalinyeri; Piccanini Murray people; Warawalde; Yalawarre; Yaraldi; Yarildewallin +667,Arutani,,4.07,-62.87,arut1244,atx,"Probably dormant, possible one or two semi-speakers. There is now enough documentation in several wordlists collected from 1958 to 2007 to show it has no discernible affiliation with any other language or family (Zamponi in press.)",BR VE,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,atx; arut1244,Auaqué; Awaké; Auaké; Auake; Awake; Aoaqui; Oewaku; Uruak; Uruák; Urutani; Orotani; Ahuaqué; Oewacu +6670,Nukunu,,-32.71595341,138.0903099,nugu1241,nnv,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nnv,Nugunu; Nukuna; Doora; Njuguna; Nokunna; Noocoona; Nookoona; Nuguna; Nukana; Nukunnu; Pukunna; Tjura; Tyura; Wallaroo; Warra; Wongaidya; Wongaidja; Nukunna; Nu-guna; Tura; Eura; Barutadura +6671,Nganyaywana,,-30.46683576,151.5553039,ngan1296,nyx,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,nyx,Anaiwan; Anaywan; Anewan; Aniwan; Dariwan; Ee-na-won; Eenewon; Eneewin; En-nee-win; Enni-won; Enuin; Inuwan; Inuwon; Narwo; Nee-inuwon; Nganjaywana; Nowan; Yenniwon +6672,Malkana,,-26.369725,114.207945,malg1242,vml,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,vml,Maljanna; Maldjana; Malgana; Majanna; Malyana +6674,Tabo,,-7.95824,143.2032,tabo1241,knv,,PG,Pacific,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,knv,Hibaradai; Hiwi; Waia; Waya +6677,Boonwurrung,,-38.44632223,145.8369926,boon1243,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,0hq,Bunurong; Boon Wurrung; Bun wurrung; Boatnairo; Boatnarro; Putnaroo; Putmaroo; Bonurong; Bonnings; Boonnong; Boomerang; Port Phillip Aborigines; Bon-gar-rong; Bon-ga-rong; Boom ner wrong; Boomerong; Boonerong; Boong wer rong; Boongerong; Bounworong; Boonwoorong; Boonworong; Bonwarry; Westernport blacks; Boong.er.rong; Boong.er.ong; Bonwerong; Boormarong; Boonmerong; Bon-worong; Boonmorong; Bon-wrogon; Boonrong; Boongerang; Boon.ger.rong; Boonwo-rong; Western Port tribe; Boonurong; Bonwrong; Boungerong; Bournourong; Boongurong; Boonguerong; Boonwerung; Boonwerong; Boomeronge; Boon wurong; Coast tribe; Boonoorong; Boon-oor-rong; Boonurrong; Bunwurru; Bun-wurru; Bunwurung; Boon-wurung; Boon wurung; Borawong; Bunoorong; bunurong; Boonerang; Bunuron; Bunarong; Bunerong; Boonoor-ong; Bunwurong; Bunwurra; Thurung; Boonoorung; Boonworung; Boonwurrong; Bonourong; Bunerung; Boonooroong +6678,Darkinyung,,-33.11470744,150.4952383,hawk1239,xda,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xda,Darginjang; Darginyung; Darkinjang; Darkinoong; Darkinung; Darkinyun; Darkiñung; Darknung; Darkinjung +668,Kapong,,5.3753,-60.5126,,,"In the principal sources there are considerable differences concerning which entities are considered separate languages and which are dialects, and especially about to which language different varieties should be assigned. Gildea (2012) has Kapong as single language to which Akawayo, Patamona, and Ingarikó belong. Gildea (personal communication, Nov. 2014) clarifies this: ""Patamuna, Arekuna, Akawaio, and Makushi are very similar, and all of them may be mutually intelligible with just a bit of exposure (like Spanish and Portuguese). I found nothing to suggest rethinking Migliazza's (18985) explanation of the ""dialect area"" (repeated in Gildea 1998, 2012). My subjective impressions (in the absence of detailed comparisons of wordlists) is that Patamuna and Akawaio have phonological differences, but Desrey Fox (native speaker of Akawaio) said they are the ""same"" language, Ka'pong (sky people), and I had no reason to doubt her; she also said that Patamuna (Guyana) and Ingarikó (Brazil) are pretty much identical, just spoken on different sides of the border. Makushi is clearly a different language."" + + + +",BR VE GY,South America,Cariban,vulnerable,,ake; pbc,Kapon; Ka'pong +6680,Gayiri,,-23.9039922,148.0814757,gayi1238,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0h5,Kairi; Khararya +6681,Gundungurra,,-34.76946368,149.6767454,gund1248,xrd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xrd,Burragorang; Gan dangara; Gandangara; Gandanggara; Gundaahmyro; Gundanora; Gundungari; Gurragunga; Gurra-gunga; Gudungura; Ngunawal; Ngaonawal; Nungawal; Yarr; Ngennigenwurro; Yiilima; Cundunorah; Gundungorra +6682,Ngunawal,,-35.0079515,148.5035148,ngun1277,xul,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xul,Burragorang; Ngunuwal; Ngunnawal; Ngoonawal; Nungawal; Ngaonawal; Ngennigenwurro; Wonnawal; Yarr; Yass tribe; Lake George tribe; Five Islands tribe; Molonglo tribe; Gurungada; Gundungurra; Yiilima +6684,Eora,,-33.899572,151.206704,sydn1236,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,1j0,Iyora; Iora; Eaora; Yora +6686,Dharug,,-33.52925837,150.3490464,sydn1236,xdk,Dharuk was one of the first Australian languages that Europeans came into contact with. William Dawes was with the First Fleet and made extensive notes about the language. Those notebooks are now available at http://www.williamdawes.org/. See also http://australianmuseum.net.au/Aboriginal-People-of-Coastal-Sydney for more information about the Traditional Owners of the coastal Sydney region.,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xdk,Dharuk; Daruk; Dharruk; Eora; Lyora; Sydney Language; Broken Bay tribe; Darrook; Dharrook; Dharrok; Oharruk; Eo-ra; Ea-ora; Iora; Yo-ra; Kameraigal; Kem:arai; Kemmaraigal; Camera-gal; Cammera; Camerray-gal; Cam-meray; Kemmirai-gal; Gweagal; Bedia-mangora; Gouia-gul; Gouia; Botany Bay tribe; Wanuwangul; Kadigal; Caddiegal; Darug; Dhar’rook +6688,Kaniyang,,-33.495598,116.354485,kani1276,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,LINGUIST List,1j2,Nyunga; Kaniyan; Kaneang; aneang; Kunjung; Kunyung; Ka:lbar-anggara; Jabururu; Yobberore; Uduc-Harvey tribe; Kaleap; Qualeup; Qua-lup; Quailup; Waal.g +6689,Kartujarra,,-23.27912297,121.7321284,kart1247,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1j3,Kartutjara; Kardutjara; Kadaddjara; Kardutjarra; Kiadjara; Gardudjara; Gagudjara +669,Aikanã,,-12.651,-60.3918,aika1237,tba,,BR,South America,Isolate,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tba,Aikaná; Huarí; Warí; Masaká; Tubarão; Kasupá; Mundé; Corumbiara; Huari; Tubaro; Wari; Uari; Kolumbiara +6692,Kok-Nar,,-16.17852418,141.5751913,kokn1236,gko,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gko,Gundara; Gog Nar; Kundara; Koko-Nari; Koko-Nar; Koko-Nhang; Kuk-Narr; Kuuk-Nhang; Kok Narr; Kok Nhang; Kundar; Koknar; Gugu Nar; Gugu Nhang; Kuantari; Goondarra; Wangara; Wanggara; Kokowanggara; Kokawan-gar; Kokatabul; Kokodaue; Koko-daua; Oikand; Kok Nar; Kok-Narr; Kwanthar +6693,Kolakngat,,-38.471266,143.422444,cola1237,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0hr,Kolacgnat; Coligan; Kolijon +6694,Kurnai,,-37.62635582,147.8838803,gana1278,unn,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,unn,Gunnai; Gunai; Ganai; Gaanay; Kurnay; Cunni; Gooni; Gunna; Kunnai +6695,Malyangapa,,-30.5745762,140.7023202,maly1234,yga,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yga,Maljangaba; Malya-napa; Mulya-napa; Mulya-nappa; Milya-uppa; Mullia-arpa; Muliaarpa; Malynapa; Malja:pa; Malyapa; Nalyanapa; Malgangara; Karikari; Bulalli; Bulali; Runta; Runda; Maljangapa; Malyanapa; Mulyanapa; Mulyanappa; Milyauppa; Multyerra; Malgaaljangaba; Malyangaba +6696,Manjiljarra,,-22.517631,123.840208,many1256,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,endangered,LINGUIST List,1j4,Mantjiltjara; Mandijildjara; Manyjilyjara; Manyjilyjarra +6698,Mayi-Kulan,,-18.785081,141.229114,mayi1236,xyk,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyk,Maykulan; Wunamara; Mayi-Thakurti; Mayi-Yapi; Maikulung; Mygoolan; Mykoolan; Micoolan; Mikkoolan; Maikulan; Maikolon; Makulu; Mayi-kulan; Miccoolin; Mikoolun; Mycoolon; Mykoo-lan; Mykulau +6699,Mayi-Thakurti,,-20.00585156,140.6753482,mayi1234,xyt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xyt,Maidhagudi; Maitakudi; Mayatagoorri; Mythugadi; Majadhagudi; Mythuggadi; Mythaguddi; Mittagurdi; Mitagurdi; Mitakoodi; Mittakoodi; Mitroogoordi; Mitrogoordi; Mitakudi; Mittaka; Maithakari; Maidakadi; Maytagoori; Maithakui; Maithakuri; Maitakari; Maidhagari; Maidhaggaria; Maioakuri; Maitakeidi; Maithagudi; Maithakudi; Mayadhagurdifagurdi; Mayatagoori; Maydhagurdi +670,Alabama,,30.7158,-94.7028,alab1237,akz,,US,North America,Muskogean,endangered,ISO 639-3,akz,Alibamu +6700,Mbiywom,,-12.89620501,142.2710997,mbiy1238,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0gx,Mbeiwum; Kok Mbewan; Kok Mbewam +6704,Mithaka,,-25.13606725,139.598447,mith1236,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,0h4,Mithaka; Midhaga +6709,Nari Nari,,-34.53088209,144.3450718,nari1241,rnr,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,rnr,Narri-Narri; Narinari; Nari-Nari; Nari-nari; Jabulajabula +671,Aleut,,54.7212,-164.4433,aleu1260,ale,,RU US,Caucasus; Europe; North America; East Asia,Eskimo-Aleut,endangered,ISO 639-3,ale,Unangan; Unangam Tunuu; алеутский язык; Унáҥам Тунý; Унаңан; Unanghan; Amara; Aleutian; Ungangan; Unangany; アレウト語; アリュート語 +6712,Ngarigu,,-36.30008261,148.7238073,ngar1297,xni,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xni,Ngarigu; Ngarigo; Ngaruku; Ngaragu; Ngundura; Ngarego; Ngarago; Garego; Ngarruga; Bemeringal; Wolgal; Walgalu +6717,Ngumbarl,,-17.53716033,122.4292371,ngum1253,,,AU,Australia,Nyulnyulan,dormant,LINGUIST List,08s,Ngombaru; Ngormbal +6718,Nhirrpi,,-28.62910687,141.2759561,nhir1234,hrp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,hrp,Nhirrpi +672,Alutiiq,,58.1938,-155.6542,paci1278,ems,,US,North America,Eskimo-Aleut,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ems,"Sugpiaq; Pacific Gulf Yupik; Sugpiak; ""Eskimo""; Chugach ""Eskimo""; Koniag-Chugach; Suk; Sugcestun; South Alaska ""Eskimo""; Yupik (Pacific Gulf ); šuk/suk Sugpiaq; ""Aleut""; アリュティーク語" +6721,Pinjarup,,-32.7,115.7,pinj1244,pnj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,pnj,Pinjarra; Bangoula; Banyoula; Banyowla; Binjarup; Kuriwongi; Peejine; Penjarra; Pidjain; Yaberoo +6722,Punthamara,,-27.83959041,142.9447505,punt1240,xpt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xpt,Bundhamara; Bunthomarra; Buntamara; Banthamurra; Bunthaburra; Kungardutyi; Gungadidji +6725,Umiida,,-16.48120833,124.1827128,umii1236,xud,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xud,Umida; Umi:da; Oomida; Wumide; Aobidai of Ongkarango; O:ka:ta; O:kada; Okat; Oken; Okwata; Umeda; Umede; Umidi +6726,Unggumi,,-17.21965549,124.8608367,ungg1243,xgu,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xgu,Ungkami; Wunggumi; Oonggoomi; Ungami; Uŋgumi; Wongkami; Wongkomi; Wungami; Ngarangari; Ong Komi; Ongaranjan; Ungumi +673,Mednyj Aleut,,54.7753,167.5662,medn1235,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Mixed Language,critically endangered,Glottolog,medn1235,Copper Island Attuan; алеутско-медновский язык; Creolized Attuan; Copper Island Aleut Creole; медновский язык; Medny; Copper +6730,Wardandi,,-33.651208,115.350094,ward1248,wxw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wxw,Wadarandee; Wardandie; Kardagur; Belliman; Dardanup; Doonin; Dordenup; Dornderupwongy; Dunanwongi; Jabaru; Nghungar; Waadandi; Waddarndi; Wadjandi; Yabaroo +6731,Warrnambool,,-38.345,142.4608,warr1257,gjm,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gjm,Dhauwurd Wurrung; Gunditjmara; Dhauhurtwurru; Gournditch-mara; Gurnditschmara; Kirurndit; Kuunditjmara; Kuurn-kopan-noot; Ngutuk; Nil-can-cone-deets; Tourahonong; Weeritch-Weeritch +6732,Wathawurrung,,-37.68777565,144.1013148,wath1238,wth,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wth,Wudjawuru; Wadawio; Wadourer; Woddowrong; Wollowurong; Woddowro; Witowurrung; Wothowurong; Watorrong; Witaoro; Wudja-wurung; Witowurung; Witowurong. Witowurrong; Witowro; Witoura; Wadjawuru; Wuddyawurru; Wuddyawurra; Witouro; Wittyawhuurong; Warra; Wathaurong; Wathaurung; Wada wurrung; Wadthaurung; Waitowrung; Wudthaurung; Wod-dowrong; Waddorow; Wathawurung; Wathurung; Wadhaurung; Wudjawurung; Witowurrong; Witawurong; Wioura; Wiityahuurong; Wooeewoorong +6733,Wemba-Wemba,,-36.79503148,145.3852416,wemb1241,xww,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xww,Wambawamba; Wambo Wambo; Wemba; Gorrmjanyuk; Gourrmjanyuk; Waamba; Waimbiwaimbi; Wamba; Wamba-wamba; Weumba; Womba; Yamba; Yambayamba; Wemba Wemba; Wembawemba +6734,Woiwurrung,,-37.64264501,145.5879962,woiw1237,wyi,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,wyi,Bayry-Binip; Coraloon; Djadjuwuru; Douta Galla; Doutta Galla; Dutagall; Dutigalla; Gungung-willam; Gunungwillam; Jacka Jacka; Jacky Jacky; Jaga Jaga; Jagger Jagger; Jigga Jigga; Kukeruk; Kukuruk; Kurunjang; Melbourne dialect; Mort Noular; Mortnoular; N' uther Galla; Ngarukwillam; N'uther Galla; Nuthergalla; Oorongie; Oorongir; Port Phillip; Urunjeri; Waarengbadawa; Waewarung; Wainworra; Wairwaioo; Waoorong; Warerong; Warorong; Warwaroo; Warweroo; Warworong; Wauerong; Wavarong; Wave ver rong; Waverang; Wavererong; Waverong; Wa-ver-ong; Wavoorong; Wavoo-rong; Wavorong; Wawarong; Wawaurrong; Wawoorong; Wa-woorong; Wawoo-rong; Waworong; Wa-wo-rong; Waworung; Wawroonong; Wawurong; Wawurrong; Wayoerong; Woeewoorong; Woeworong; Woeworun; Woeworung; Woewo-rung; Woewurong; Woe-wu-rrong; Woewurung; Woe-wurung; Woeywurong; Woey-wurung; Woi worung; Woi wurrung; Woi wurung; Woiwoeung; Woiworung; Woiwurong; Woiwurra; Woi-wurrong; Woiwurru; Woi-wurru; Woiwuru; Woiwurung; Woi-Wurung; Wooeewoorong; Woororong; Woovoorong; Wooworong; Worworong; Wowerong; Wowoorong; Wurrundyirra-baluk; Wurrunjeri; Wurundjeri; Wurunjeri; Wurunjerri; Wurunjerri-baluk; Wuywurrung; Yarra; Yarra River; Yarra Yar; Yarra Yarra +6736,Wotjobaluk,,-35.82104542,141.4179142,wotj1234,xwt,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xwt,Guli-ballaiuk; Watjo; Wattyabullak; Woitu-bullar; Wotjbaluk; Wotjo; Wotjo-ba-laiuruk; Wotjobalak; Wotjobalek; Wotjoballaiuk; Wotjoballuck; Wotjoballuk; Wotjo-balluk; Wotjo-baluk; Wotjobolak; Wotjobuluk; Woychibirik; Wudjubalug; Wudjubaluk; Wutjubaluk; Wuttyabullak; Wuttyubullak; Wutyuballeak +674,Amahuaca,,-10.8764,-72.29,amah1246,amc,Isconahua [isc] is either a dialect of Amahuaca or a separate language; Ethnologue lists it as a separate language.,BR PE,South America,Pano-Tacanan,endangered,ISO 639-3,amc,Amawaka; Ameuhaque; Sayaco; Ipitineri; Amaguaco; Amawaka language area +6740,Yabula-Yabula,,-35.76116312,145.2320913,yabu1234,yxy,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,yxy,Jabulajabula; Narinari; Yabala-Yabala; Yabola; Yabulla; Yabbilyabbila; Yabbil-Yabbila; Yabula-yabula; Yillib-Yilliba; Yullaba Yullaba; Jabalajabala; Yabula Yabula; Maraban; Maragan; Moiraduban; Moitheriban; Ngarrimowro; Owanguttha; Pallaganmiddah; Panggarang; Waningotbun; Yoorta; Yurt +6741,Yanda,,-21.917567,140.772457,yand1251,yda,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yda,Janda; Yunda +6742,Yardliyawarra,,-29.79542818,141.7735309,yard1234,yxl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yxl,Yardliwarra; Yadliura; Arabatura; Jadliaura; Wonoka; Aluri; Alury; Arkaba-tura; Arkabatura; Eura; Jadlijawara; Jadloori; Yadliaura; Yadlikowera; Yadliyawarra; Yadlouri; Yaldikowera; Yardliyawara +6744,Yawijibaya,,-16.14740026,123.3986329,yawi1239,jbw,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,jbw,Jawdjobara; Yaudjibara; Yawjibarra; Jawdjibara; Jaudjibara; Jawdjibaia; Yaudjibaia; Yawjibara; Jawadjag; Winjawindjagu; Bergalgu; Jadjiba; Jadjibaia; Jaudjibaia; Jaudji-Bara; Jawutjubar; Yaujibaia +6747,Yitha-Yitha,,-33.9470874,141.5854211,yith1234,xth,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xth,Yitha Yitha; Eetha-eetha; Eethee Eethee; Eethie-eethie; Ita-ita; Ithi-ithi; Iti-iti; Tjuop; Yetho; Yitsa; Yit-tha +675,Anal,,24.1517,93.9385,anal1239,anm,,IN MM,South Asia; Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,anm,Namfau +676,Andoque,,-0.666666666667,-72.0,ando1256,ano,,CO,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ano,Andoke; Cho'oje; Patsiaehé; Businka; Cha'oie; Paasi-ahá; Paasiaja +677,Assiniboine,,48.4466,-114.8783,assi1247,asb,"Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",US CA,North America,Siouan,endangered,ISO 639-3,asb,Assiniboin; Stoney; Hohe; Assinaboin; Nakon +6770,Ayerreyenge,,-23.699,133.88,ayer1246,axe,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,axe,Jaroinga; Jarionga; Yaroinga; Yarroinga; Yorrowinga; Yarrowin; Yuruwinga; Bularnu; Ayerrerenge; Aroinga; Yaringa; Yorrawinga; Jurangka; Manda; Pulanja; Bulanja; Bulanu; aroinga +6772,Batyala,,-25.44486229,153.1539929,baty1234,xby,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xby,Badtjala; Batjala; Ngulungbara; Butchulla; Badjela; Badtala; Badyala; Bidhala; Dulingbara; Gnoolongbara; Koolaburra; Olungbura; Patyala; Thoorgine +6773,Bibbulman,,-34.141362,115.943785,bibb1234,xbp,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xbp,Pibelmen; Pepelman; Peopleman; Piblemen; Bibulman; Bibulmun; Bibu:lmoun; Bibbulmun; Bebleman; Pibilum; Bibilum; Bajongwongi; Bibilum; Bibuulmoun; Meeraman; Murram +6776,Buandig,,-37.53325,140.745717,bung1264,xbg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xbg,Buwandik; Booandik; Buandic; Buganditch; Booganitch; Bungandidjk; Bak-on-date; Bangandidj; Barconedeet; Boandik; Boandiks; Booandik-ngolo; Borandikngolo; Buandik; Buanditj; Bungaditj; Bungandaetch; Bungandaetcha; Bungandaitj; Bunganditj; Bunganditjngolo; Bungandit; Buwandik +6777,Dhungaloo,,,,dhun1239,dhx,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,dhx, +6779,Gubbi Gubbi,,-25.44486229,153.1539929,kabi1260,gbw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,gbw,Gabi-Gabi; Gabi; Kabikabi; Kabi Kabi; Cabee; Carby; Carby-carbery; Dhapil; Dhipil; Dippil; Dipple; Doon-dooburra; Doondoora; Dowarburra; Dundubara; Dunduura; Gabigabi; Kabbi; Kabi; Kahby; Karabi; Karbi; Maiba +678,Asuriní of Xingú,,-3.9095,-52.4707,xing1248,asn,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,ISO 639-3,asn,Asuriní de coatinema; Asurini do Xingu; Asuriní do Koatinema; Awaeté; Xingú Asuriní; Assurinikin +6780,Githabul,,-28.69783052,151.9693704,cond1242,gih,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,gih,Gidhabal; Gidabal; Kidabal; Kidjabal; Kitta-bool; Kita-bool; Kittabool; Kitabool; Kitapul; Gidabul; Gidjoobal; Kuttibul; Noowidal; Githebul +6781,Golpa,,-12.03482157,135.565923,golp1234,lja,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,lja,Kolpa; Golbu; Gorlba. Girrkirr +6782,Goreng,,-33.906896,118.50317,gore1235,xgg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xgg,Koreng; Ko:rengi; Kuriny; Corine; Coro-ran; Bremer Bay tribe; Warangu; Warrangoo; Warranger; Warrangle; Kaialiwongi; Kokar; Koorengi; Mongup +6784,Guwa,,-22.390714,142.200165,guwa1242,xgw,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xgw,Goa; Goamulgo; Coa; Coah; Koa +6785,Janday,,-27.56865,153.462392,jand1248,jan,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,jan,Jandai; Koenpel; Goenpul; Coobenpil; Jendairwal; Djandai; Jundai; Dsandai; Tchandi; Noogoon; Djendewal; Janday +6787,Kungkari,,-24.976099,143.194084,kuun1236,lku,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,lku,Gunggari; Kuungkari; Koonkerri; Kunggari; Kungeri; Koongerri +6788,Lower Southern Aranda,,-25.63325931,135.4326846,lowe1436,axl,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,axl,Aldolanga; Aldolinga; Alitera; Aranda; Aranta; Arinta; Arranda; Arrinda; Arrundta; Arrunta; Arunda; Arunndta; Arunta; Arunta Bu; Arunta Ulpma; Eastern Aranda; Lower Aranda; Southern Aranda; Western Aranda +6789,Mathi-Mathi,,-34.13829932,143.6694397,madh1244,dmd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,dmd,Madhi Madhi; Madhimadhi; Madi Madi; Muti muti; Mutte Mutte; Matimati; Madi-madi; Mataua; Moorta Moorta; Matthee-matthee +679,Atsugewi,,40.75,-121.0,atsu1245,atw,,US,North America,Palaihnihan,dormant,ISO 639-3,atw,Atsugewi; Hat Creek +6790,Minjungbal,,-28.71099279,153.5701791,twee1234,xjb,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xjb,Minyangbal; Minyung; Minyowa; Gendo; Gando Minjang; Gan-dowal; Ngandowul; Cood-jingburra; Cudgingberry; Minjangbal +6793,Nyiyaparli,,-22.776182,119.188957,nija1241,xny,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,xny,Njiabali; Njijabali; Iabali; Janari; Jana; Niabali; Njiabadi; Njijabadi; Njijapali; Nyiyabali; Nyiyapali; Nyiypali +6794,Olkol,,-15.2,142.4,olko1234,olk,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,olk,Koka-ollugul; Koko Olkol; Koko Olkolo; Koko-olkol; Olcoola; Olgolo; Ol’kol; Olkulo; Ulkulu; Wulgulu +6796,Pirriya,,-25.562265,142.13768,pirr1240,xpa,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xpa,Birria; Biria; Bidia; Piria +6798,Thiinma,,-23.644524,116.672973,thii1234,iin,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,iin,Thiin; Te:n; Teen; Deen; Deenma; Denma; Dhiyin; Dhiyinma; Teenma; Tenma; Thenma +6799,Unggarranggu,,-16.4794917,123.6668837,ungg1244,xun,,AU,Australia,Worrorran,dormant,ISO 639-3,xun,Unggarrangu; Unggarangi; Oonggarrangoo; Uŋgaranji; Uŋgaraŋi; Ongkarango; Ungarangi; Ungaranji; Unggaranggu +6800,Wadi-Wadi,,,,wadi1260,xwd,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xwd,Wadi Wadi; Wathiwathi; Watthiwatthi; Wattewatte; Watty-watty; Wotti-wotti; Withaija; Wohdi Wohdi; Wadiwadi; Watte; Watte Watte; Watte-Watte; Watte watte; Wotte Wotte; Watty Watty; Wot te Wot te; Wathi-Wathi; Watty-Watty; Wa-thi-wa-thi; Wati wati; Wathi wathi; Wathi-wathi; Ouotti-Ouotti; Wathie Waithie; Wattee Wattee; Wathi-Watthi; Watthi-watthi; Watthi Watthi; Watty tribe; Wattu Wattu [Wati = no]; Wathi Wathi; Watti-watti; Watti Watti; Wati wathi; Wotty-wotty; Wotty Wotty; Wotty-Wotty; Wotty; Wati-wati; Wotti Wotti; Wata Wata; Wata; Wadi-wadi; Woani; Woonyi; Swan Hill tribe; Swan Hill and Tyntynder dialects; Piangill blacks; Piangil dialect; Piangil; Biangil; Dacournditch +6802,Wajuk,,-31.807561,116.251402,waju1234,xwj,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,xwj,Beelia; Beeloo; Derbal; Ilakuri wongi; Juadjag; Juadjuk; Karakata; Karrakatta; Minalnjunga; Minnal Yungar; Wadjug; Wadjuk; Wadjup; Wadyuk; Whadjuk; Whajook; Witjaari; Yooadda; Yooard; Yoongar; Yuard; Yuatjek; Yungar; Yungur +6803,Wangkumara,,-27.10148693,143.1961902,wong1246,xwk,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,xwk,Wongkumara; Wangumarra; Karenggapa; Ngantangarra +6804,Yagara,,-27.87647555,152.4602773,yaga1262,yxg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,awakening,ISO 639-3,yxg,Yuggera; Jagara; Jagarabal; Jergarbal; Yaggara; Yuggara; Yugg-ari; Yackarabul; Turubul; Turrbal; Turrubul; Turrubal; Terabul; Tor-bul; Turibul; Yerongban; Yeronghan; Ninghi; Yerongpan; Biriin; Cateebil; Jagera; Jinibara +6806,Yaraldi,,-35.5755995,139.2054327,yara1254,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,LINGUIST List,1js,Jarildekald; Yarrildie; Yaralde; arilde; Jaraldi; Yarildewallin +6807,Yarluyandi,,-25.83704896,139.5843623,yarl1238,yry,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,dormant,ISO 639-3,yry,Jeljujendi; Yelyuyendi; Yarleeyandee; Yelyayendi +6808,Yinhawangka,,-23.91785237,117.5628279,yinh1234,ywg,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ywg,Inawangga; Inawongga; Ngaunmardi. Nalawonga; Ngalawongga; Ngalawonga; Ngarla; Ngarla-warngga +681,Avá,,-14.0847,-48.0418,avac1239,avv,,BR,South America,Tupian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,avv,Avá-Canoeiro; Canoeiros; Canoe; Canoa; Abá; Awana; Canoeiro; Ava-Canoeiro; Awana; Awá; Guajá; Awá Guajá; Ayaya; Wazaizara; Ava +682,Awakateko,,15.4166666667,-91.3333333333,agua1252,agu,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,agu,Aguacatec; Aguacateco; Awakatek +684,Awetí,,-12.2053,-53.3705,awet1244,,,BR,South America,Tupian,endangered,Glottolog,awet1244,Awety; Awetö; Aueto; Aueti; Auiti; Auití; Aweti; Auetö +685,Ayoreo,,-18.719,-59.6228,ayor1240,ayo,,BO PY,South America,Zamucoan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ayo,Ayoré; Zamuco; Morotoco; Moro; Pyeta Yovai; Ayuréo; Avoreo; Pyeta; Yovai +686,Barí,,9.0261,-73.2678,bari1297,mot,,CO VE,South America,Chibchan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mot,Motilón; Motilon; Motilone; Dobokubí; Dobocubi; Dobocubí; Motilón (Chibchan); Barira; Cunausaya +687,Bribri,,9.4813,-82.6174,brib1243,bzd,,CR PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chibchan,threatened,ISO 639-3,bzd,Talamanca; Viceita; Duit; Viceyta; Viceíta +6909,Adamorobe Sign Language,,5.859378,-0.197951,adam1238,ads,,GH,Africa,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ads, +6949,Yucatec Maya,,18.78,-88.96,yuca1254,yua,,MX BZ,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,yua,Maayat'aan; máayaʼ tʼáan; mayaʼ tʼàan; Yukateko; Maya (Yucatan); Yucatec(o) Proper; Maya; Yucatán Maya; Peninsular Maya; Yucateco +6969,Taruma,,2.515,-59.5678,taru1236,tdm,"There is a family of speakers in a community near Lethem in Guyana (Willem Adelaar, personal communication).",BR GY,South America,Isolate,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tdm,Aroaqui; Taruamá +6990,Trinidad and Tobago Sign Language,,10.5,-61.2,trin1277,lst,,TT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,lst,Trinidad Sign Language; TTSL; TSL +6991,Malian Sign Language,,12.65,-8.0,bama1249,bog,,ML,Africa,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bog,Mali Sign Language; Langue des Signes Malienne; LaSiMa; Bamako Sign Language; LSM; Langue des signes bambara +6993,Ban Khor Sign Language,,16.0,103.0,bank1251,bfk,,TH,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,bfk, +6994,Original Laos Sign Language,,18.39,104.52,laos1235,lso,This ISO code is possibly associated with more than one language (Ethnologue 19th).,LA,Southeast Asia,,,ISO 639-3,lso, +6996,Mexican Sign Language,,19.433333,-99.133333,mexi1237,mfs,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mfs,Lenguaje de Signos Mexicano; Lenguaje Manual Mexicana; Lenguaje de las Manos LSM; LSM; Lenguaje de las Manos +6997,Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language,,10.79,106.68,hoch1237,hos,"""Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language (HCMCSL) developed out of a mixture of original sign languages in Southern Viet Nam with French Sign Language in 1886, when the first school for deaf people was established in Lai Thieu, Binh Duong Province."" (Woodward et al., 2015)",VN,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,hos,ngôn ngữ ký hiệu thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; HCMCSL; NNKHTPHCM; Southern Vietnamese Sign Language; Vietnamese Sign Language +6998,Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language,,30.377614,34.886169,alsa1242,syy,,IL,Near East,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,syy,ABSL +6999,Providencia Sign Language,,13.35,-81.37,prov1243,prz,,CO,South America,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,prz,Providence Island Sign Language +7000,Yucatec Maya Sign Language,,20.5,-89.0,yuca1236,msd,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,msd,Nohya Sign Language +7001,Argentine Sign Language,,-34.8,-59.18,arge1236,aed,"Often abbreviated as ""LSA""",AR,South America,,,ISO 639-3,aed,Lengua de Señas Argentina; LSA +7002,Bolivian Sign Language,,-16.499,-68.146,boli1236,bvl,"""According to the Hursts’ (2002) research, there may be two distinct sign languages used in Bolivia. One of them, introduced by missionaries in 1973, is based on ASL and has incorporated local indigenous signs. This form of ASL was introduced in Cochabamba and has likely spread to other areas. Another pre-existing sign language may also be present; the Hursts reported that this other sign language may be used in Catholic circles and in La Paz."" (Holbrook 2009)",BO,South America,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,bvl, +7004,Chilean Sign Language,,-32.78,-70.67,chil1264,csg,,CL,South America,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csg,Lengua de Señas Chilena; LSCh; Lenguaje Chileno de Signos; Lenguaje de Señas; LENSE +7005,Colombian Sign Language,,4.583333,-74.066667,colo1249,csn,,CO,South America,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csn, +7006,Original Costa Rican Sign Language,,9.89,-84.12,orig1234,,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1a4,Old Costa Rican Sign Language +7007,Urubú-Kaapor Sign Language,,-2.54,-46.42,urub1243,uks,7 (Kakumasu 1968). Deaf users are monolingual. L2 users: 500 (2013).,BR,South America,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uks,Urubú Sign Language +701,Western Abenaki,,44.0,-72.25,west2630,abe,,US CA,North America,Algic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,abe,Abenaki (Western); Abnaki (Western); Abnaki; Western; Abenaki; Abenaqui; St. Francis; Abnaki; St Francis +7069,Tjupany,,-27.11796,120.56642,pini1245,,,AU,Australia,Pama-Nyungan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1kp,Tjupany +7109,Ecuadorian Sign Language,,-0.144957,-78.496198,ecua1243,ecs,,EC,South America,Sign Language,at risk,ISO 639-3,ecs, +7110,Guatemalan Sign Language,,14.5,-90.57,guat1249,gsm,,GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,gsm,Lensegua +7111,Honduras Sign Language,,14.62,-87.22,hond1239,hds,,HN,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,hds,LESHO +7112,Nicaraguan Sign Language,,12.25,-86.34,nica1238,ncs,,NI,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ncs,Idioma de Senas de Nicaragua +7113,Quebec Sign Language,,46.0,-74.87,queb1245,fcs,,CA,North America,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,fcs,Langue Signe Quebecars; Langue des Signes Québécoise; LSQ; Langue des Signes du Québec +7114,Panamanian Sign Language,,9.217056,-79.642266,pana1308,lsp,"Note: Deaf people in the Chiriqui province of Panama assert that their sign variety, Lengua de Señas de Chiriquí (LSCH, Chiriqui Sign Language), is distinct from Panamanian Sign Language as used predominantly in the Panama-Colon corridor.",PA,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,lsp,Lengua de Señas Panameñas (LSP); Spanish Sign Language +7115,Peruvian Sign Language,,-11.9,-76.82,peru1235,prl,,PE,South America,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,prl,Lenguaje de Señas Peruanas; Lenguaje de Señas Peruano; Lengua de Signos Peruana; LSP +7116,Puerto Rican Sign Language,,18.46,-66.09,puer1237,psl,,PR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,psl,PRSL +7117,Salvadoran Sign Language,,13.7,-89.6,salv1237,esn,,SV,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,esn,El Salvadoran Sign Language; Lengua de Señas Salvadoreñas; LESSA +7118,Venezuelan Sign Language,,10.33,-66.77,vene1237,vsl,,VE,South America,,,ISO 639-3,vsl,Lengua de Señas Venezolana +7119,Uruguayan Sign Language,,-34.6,-56.45,urug1238,ugy,,UY,South America,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,ugy,Lengua de Señas Uruguaya; LSU +7170,Tangam,,29.1473,94.5538,tang1377,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages.",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-tan, +7171,Pailibo,,28.2463,95.3668,pail1243,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages.",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,adi-pai,Palibo +7172,Minyong,,28.2632,95.0537,miny1239,,"Ethnologue's Adi [adi] amalgamates several ethnolinguistically and linguistically distinct groups and thus subsumes several languages: +Ethnologue listed varieties: Ashing, Bokar (Boga’er Luoba), Bori, Gallong (Galong), Karko, Komkar, Milang, Minyong, Padam, Pailibo, Pangi, Pasi, Ramo, Shimong, Tangam. Milang is definitely a separate language (possibly not a member of the Tani family). Bokar, Pailibo, Ramo and Padam also are all most likely separate languages. Bori, Minyong and Tangam also may be separate languages.",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,adi-min,Padam-Minyong Adi +7173,Yaw,,21.6,94.8333,yaww1238,,,MM,Southeast Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,LINGUIST List,mya-yaw,ယော +7175,Alipur Sign Language,,13.486,77.452,alip1234,,,IN,South Asia,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1kt,APSL +7176,Bribri Sign Language,,9.4,-83.05,brib1244,,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,1ku, +7177,Brunca Sign Language,,8.83333333333,-83.25,brun1247,,,CR,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,endangered,LINGUIST List,1kv, +7178,Catalan Sign Language,,41.38711263243966,2.176666259765625,cata1241,csc,,ES,Europe,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,csc,Llengua de Signes Catalana; Llengua Catalana de Signes; Lengua de Signos Catalana +7179,Estonian Sign Language,,58.95,24.57,esto1238,eso,,EE,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,eso,Viipekeel +7180,Finnish-Swedish Sign Language,,62.111,26.328,finl1235,fss,,FI,Europe,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,fss,Finland-Swedish Sign Language; Suomenruotsalainen Vittomakieli; Finlandssvenskt Teckenspråk +7181,Hai Phong Sign Language,,20.861,106.68,haip1238,haf,"""HPSL initially developed out of a mixture of indigenous sign language(s) in Hai Phong with Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language (HCMCSL) used at Lai Thieu School for deaf people in Binh Duong Province in Southern Viet Nam."" (Woodward, 2015)",VN,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,haf,HPSL; NNKHHP; Vietnamese Sign Language; ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Hải Phòng +7182,Hanoi Sign Language,,21.033,105.849,hano1243,hab,"""Ha Noi Sign Language (HNSL) initially developed out of a mixture of original sign languages in Ha Noi with Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language (HCMCSL) used at Lai Thieu School for deaf people in Binh Duong Province in Southern Viet Nam.... it is likely that only a few students from Ha Noi went to the Lai Thieu School and brought HCMCSL to Ha Noi. Even though, these bilingual deaf people were small in number, there were some effects on HNSL.... The first school for deaf people in Ha Noi was established in 1976. The 21-year separation of users of HNSL from users of HCMCSL, linked with the 21-year lack of educational opportunities for deaf people in Ha Noi also had effects on the history of HNSL and its relationship to HCMCSL."" (Woodward et al., 2015)",VN,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,hab,ngôn ngữ ký hiệu Hà Nội; Ha Noi Sign Language; HNSL; NNKHHN; Vietnamese Sign Language; Northern Vietnamese Sign Language +7184,Hong Kong Sign Language,,22.302,114.171,hong1241,hks,,CN,East Asia,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,hks,Heung Kong Sau Yue; 香港手語 +7185,Jakarta Sign Language,,-6.211,106.845,indo1291,,,ID,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1kx, +7186,Jamaican Country Sign Language,,17.891695,-77.644483,jama1256,jcs,,JM,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,jcs,Konchri Sain; Country Sign +7187,Original Bangkok Sign Language,,13.727,100.524,oldb1247,,"""OBSL is an original sign language that developed among deaf people living in Bangkok in the Central Area of Thailand long before the first school for deaf people was established in 1951. Like users of other typical original sign languages, Deaf people who use OBSL have a separate Deaf Linguistic Identify... The massive introduction of American Sign Language vocabulary into the Thai deaf educational system severed the historical connection between OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language."" (Woodward & Suwanarat, 2015)",TH,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1kw,Old Bangkok Sign Language +7189,Penang Sign Language,,5.38,100.25,pena1248,psg,,MY,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,psg, +7190,Selangor Sign Language,,3.13,101.61,sela1253,kgi,,MY,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,kgi,KLSL; Kuala Lumpur Sign Language +7191,Sri Lankan Sign Language,,7.11,79.86,sril1237,sqs,,LK,South Asia,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sqs, +7192,Tebul Sign Language,,14.577499,-3.082291,tebu1240,tsy,Possibly a variety of Malian Sign Language (LSM),ML,Africa,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,tsy, +7193,Yogyakarta Sign Language,,-7.797,110.368,yogy1234,,,ID,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,threatened,LINGUIST List,1ky, +7209,Martha's Vineyard Sign Language,,43.77,-70.74,mart1251,mre,,US,North America,Sign Language,dormant,ISO 639-3,mre,MVSL +721,Archi,,41.9839,46.8127,arch1244,aqc,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,aqc,арчинский язык; аршаттен чIат; Archintsy; Archin; Arshashdib; Archib; Archsel; არჩიბული ენა +7229,Baikeno,,-9.33,124.26,baik1238,bkx,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bkx,Baikenu; Vaikenu; Vaikino; Biqueno; Ambeno; Ambenu; Uab Meto; Uab Pah Meto; Oecussi; Oe Cusi; Oekusi +7230,Bunak,,-9.160082,125.259737,buna1278,bfn,,ID TL,Southeast Asia; Pacific,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bfn,Buna; Buna'; Bunake; Bunaq +7249,Aluo,,25.9368,102.1839,aluo1235,yna,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,yna,阿羅語; Ala; Naluo; Yala; Lila; Laka; Gan Yi +7250,Ayizi,,24.5964,103.7329,ayiz1244,yyz,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,yyz,阿夷子語 +7251,Chesu,,24.4211,102.0459,ches1238,ych,"The language appears to be more closely related to Eastern Yi Nasu further north, rather than to adjacent Hlersu (Central Yi) and Nisu (Southern Yi) with which it is in direct contact.",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ych,車蘇 +7252,Kazhuo,,24.0959,102.5463,kats1235,,They are descendants of a Mongol army which probably settled about 700 years ago and married local Nisu women. There are no identfiable vestiges of Mongol in their speech.,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,1hl,卡卓語 +7253,Samatao,,24.9359,102.7935,sama1295,ysd,,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,ysd,Samaduo; Samou; Samataw; 撒慕; 撒馬多; Eastern Samadu +7254,Sanie,,24.9262,102.5134,sani1265,ysy,Note not to be confused with Sani [ysn] spoken in Shilin,CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,ysy, +7256,Salvadoran Lenca,,13.72,-88.118,lenc1243,,No known speakers,SV,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Lencan,dormant,LINGUIST List,062,Chilanga +7289,Chungli,,26.321,94.515,chon1286,,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,njo-cho,Ao-Chungli; Chongli; Tśungli; Chungli Ao; Chongli Ao +7290,Manange,,28.665,84.023,mana1288,nmm,,NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,ISO 639-3,nmm,Manang; Manangba; Ngyeshang +7309,Tuva,,48.44,92.67,tuvi1240,tyv,,RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,at risk,ISO 639-3,tyv,Tuvin; Tyva; Tuvan; Tuvia; Tokha; Soyot; Soyon; Soyod; Tannu-Tuva; Tuba; Tuvinian; Uriankhai; Uriankhai-Monchak; Uryankhai; Diba; Kök Mungak; Tuwa; Uryankhai-Monchak; Tuva-Uriankhai; Tuwa-Uriankhai; Sayan Samoyedic; Urjanchaisch; Sojonisch; Sojotisch; Tuvinisch; Uriangkhai; Karagas; South Siberian Turkic; тыва дыл; tyva dyl; тувинский язык; Тува хэл; Tuvaca +7329,Balti,,35.900731,74.409599,balt1258,bft,,PK IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,at risk,ISO 639-3,bft,Sbalti; Baltistani; Bhotia of Baltistan; Baltī; Sbalt; Bhōṭiā of Baltistan +7352,Czech Sign Language,,50.01,14.48,czec1253,cse,,CZ,Europe,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cse, +7353,Danish Sign Language,,55.83,12.32,dani1246,dsl,,DK,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,dsl, +7354,Dutch Sign Language,,52.13,4.91,dutc1253,dse,,NL,Europe,Sign Language,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dse,Sign Language of the Netherlands; SLN; Nederlandse Gebarentaal; NGT +7355,Finnish Sign Language,,60.66,25.07,finn1310,fse,,FI,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,fse,Viittomakieli +7356,Flemish Sign Language,,50.8,4.31,vlaa1235,vgt,,BE,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,vgt,South Belgium Sign Language; North Belgium Sign Language; Vlaamse Gebarentaal; VGT +7357,Norwegian Sign Language,,60.77,10.24,norw1255,nsl,,NO,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,nsl, +7358,Portuguese Sign Language,,38.55,-8.53,port1277,psr,,PT,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,psr,Lingua Gestual Portuguesa +7359,Swedish Sign Language,,58.93,16.11,swed1236,swl,,SE,Europe,Sign Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,swl, +7360,Swiss-French Sign Language,,46.72,6.78,swis1241,ssr,"""The sign language used in German Switzerland, DSGS, is similar to the sign language used in the southern parts of Germany, LSF-SR to the sign language used in France (LSF) and LIS-SI to Italian Sign Language (LIS). An interesting study that remains to be done is of the extent to which these Swiss sign languages could be considered regional dialects of the sign languages of these neighboring countries."" (Boyes Braem and Rathmann 2010)",CH,Europe,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,ssr,Langage Gestuelle; Langue des Signes Suisse romande; LSF-SR +7361,Swiss-German Sign Language,,47.11,9.08,swis1240,sgg,"""The sign language used in German Switzerland, DSGS, is similar to the sign language used in the southern parts of Germany, LSF-SR to the sign language used in France (LSF) and LIS-SI to Italian Sign Language (LIS). An interesting study that remains to be done is of the extent to which these Swiss sign languages could be considered regional dialects of the sign languages of these neighboring countries."" (Boyes Braem and Rathmann 2010)",CH LI,Europe,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,sgg,Natürliche Gebärde; Deutschschweizerische Gebärdensprache; DSGS +7362,Swiss-Italian Sign Language,,46.31,8.79,swis1235,slf,"""The sign language used in German Switzerland, DSGS, is similar to the sign language used in the southern parts of Germany, LSF-SR to the sign language used in France (LSF) and LIS-SI to Italian Sign Language (LIS). An interesting study that remains to be done is of the extent to which these Swiss sign languages could be considered regional dialects of the sign languages of these neighboring countries."" (Boyes Braem and Rathmann 2010)",CH,Europe,Sign Language,endangered,ISO 639-3,slf,Lingua dei Segni Italiana; LIS-SI +7369,Gizrra,,-9.183,142.804,gizr1240,tof,,PG,Pacific,Eastern Trans-Fly,threatened,ISO 639-3,tof,Gizra; Toga +7371,Lehali,,-13.5,167.33,leha1243,tql,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,tql,Teqel; Tekel +7372,Mota,,-13.82,167.69,mota1237,mtt,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mtt,Banks-Inseln +7373,Lemerig,,-13.846,167.442,leme1238,lrz,,VU,Pacific,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,lrz,Sasar; Banks-Inseln +7374,Tangkhul Naga,,25.05,94.36,tang1336,nmf,"Though usually treated as a single language, Tangkhul Naga is a dialect continuum. Several of these dialects are not mutually intelligible. ",IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,nmf,Tangkhul; Tagkhul; Thangkhulm; Champhung; Luhuppa; Luppa; Somra; Naga (Tangkhul); Kupome; Luhupa; Central Luhupa; Northern Luhupa; Tangkul; Tśamphung +7389,Chaudangsi,,29.7,80.48,chau1259,cdn,Endangered in India.,IN NP,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,cdn,Bangba Lo; Bangbani; Chanpa Lo; Chaudans Lo; Saukas; Shaukas; Tsaudangsi; Bangba Lwo; Sauka; Shauka +7409,San Francisco Bay Costanoan,,37.432821,-121.900755,nort2969,cst,"Costanoan (Ohlone) is a language family with 6 closely related languages or dialect clusters. All are extinct; many varieties are very poorly attested; only Mutsun, Rumsen, and Chocheño have reasonably accurate documentation. Chocheño is a variety of San Francisco Bay Costanoan (together with Tamyen and Ramaytush, poorly attested dialects). Mutsun and Rumsen are often classified together as members of Southern Costanoan (which Ethnologue gives the name Southern Ohlone [css], and treats as a single language.",US,North America,Utian,awakening,ISO 639-3,cst,Čočenyo; Northern Costanoan; Northern Ohlone; Chocheño; Chochenyo; Costanoan +7452,Khwe,,-18.01008,22.434082,kxoe1243,xuu,Khwe [xuu] and ||Ani [hnh] form a dialect cluster.,ZA BW NA AO ZM,Africa,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,xuu,Kxoe; Khoe; Buga; Mbarakwena; Barakwena; Barakwengo; Hukwe; !Hukwe; Xuhwe; Xu; Zama; Vazama; Cazama; Mbarakwengo; Glanda-Khwe; Schekere; Mbara Kwengo; Kxoedam; Khwedam; Xun +7489,Hausa Sign Language,,12.00696,8.537304,haus1246,hsl,,NG,Africa,,,ISO 639-3,hsl,Hausa Sign Language; Maganar Hannu; Maganar Bebaye +7569,Purepecha,,19.573242,-102.021011,,,"Ethnologue distinguishes Purepecha [tsz] and Western Highland Purepecha [pua], not recognized as separate languages by others.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Isolate,threatened,,tsz; pua,Tarascan; Tarasco; Phorhépecha; Porhé; P'orhépecha +7589,Totontepec Mixe,,17.2157,-96.0179,toto1305,mto,"Totontepec Mixe is an ""emergent language"", belonging to Oaxaca Mixe.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mto,Northern Highland Mixe; Ayuk; Northwestern Mixe +7590,Southern Highland Mixe,,17.027241,-96.076791,tlah1239,mxp,"Southern Highland Mixe is an ""emergent language"" in Oaxacan Mixe.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,ISO 639-3,mxp,Tlahuitoltepec Mixe; West Central Mixe +7591,Midland Mixe,,16.94702,-96.014028,,,"Midland Mixe is an ""emergent language"" in Oaxacan Mixe. Ethnologue distinguishes North Central Mixe [neq] and Juquila Mixe [mxq], not recognized as distinct by others.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mixe-Zoquean,threatened,,mxq; neq,South Central Mixe; Atitlán Mixe; Mixe de Atitlán; Northeastern Mixe +761,Ahtna,,62.7547,-144.3164,ahte1237,aht,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,aht,Ahtena; Nabesna; Tanana; Ah-tena; Atna; Copper River; Mednovskiy +7649,Koro (India),,27.1667,92.6312,koro1316,jkr,,IN,South Asia,,endangered,ISO 639-3,jkr,Aka; Hrusso; Angka; Angkae; Tenae; Gusso +7709,Lehar,,14.951791,-16.818728,leha1242,cae,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,cae,Lala; Laalaa +7710,Ndut,,14.91269,-16.993375,ndut1239,ndv,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ndv,Ndoute +7711,Paloor,,14.777017,-16.985136,palo1243,fap,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fap,Palor; Falor; Palar; Sili; Sili-Sili; Waro +7712,Ejamat,,12.3,-16.4,ejam1238,eja,,SN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,eja,Ediamat; Fulup; Feloup; Felup; Felupe; Floup; Flup +7713,Bassari,,12.4529,-13.3495,bass1258,bsc,,SN GN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bsc,Basari; Tenda Basari; Biyan; Onëyan; Onian; Ayan; Wo +7714,Mbulungish,,10.8553,-14.7372,mbul1258,mbv,,GN GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mbv,Baga Foré; Baga Monson; Monshon; Monchon; Bulunits; Longich; Black Baga +7715,Mansoanka,,12.065257,-15.319135,mans1259,msw,,GM GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,msw,Sua; Mansoanca; Maswanka; Kunant; Kunante +7716,Landoma,,10.8753,-14.0895,land1256,ldm,,GN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ldm,Landouman; Landuma; Tyapi; Tyopi; Tiapi; Cocoli; Temne; Tyop +7717,Gusilay,,12.7761,-16.5026,gusi1246,gsl,,SN,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gsl,Kusiilaay; Gusilaay; Gusiilay; Kusilay +7750,Damakawa,,11.094861,5.506107,dama1268,dam,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dam,Tidama'un +7769,Tsuvadi,,10.797223,5.365936,tsuv1239,tvd,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,tvd,Kambari; Avadi; Abadi; Evadi; Kamberi; Ibeto; Tsuva'di +781,Tshwa,,-21.135745,25.958977,tsoa1238,hio,Tshwa and Shua [shg] form a dialect cluster.,BW ZW,Africa,Khoe,threatened,ISO 639-3,hio,Cuaa; Cua; Hiechware; Chware; Tsoa; Sarwa; Shua; Sesarwa; Haitshuari; Hietshware; Hiotshuwau; Hiochuwau; Tshuwau; Chuwau; Gabake-Ntshori; G||abake; Masarwa; Tati; Tati Bushman; Kwe-Etshori Kwee; Kwe; Kwe-Tshori; Haitshuwau; G//abake; Kwee; Tshoa; Cire-cire +7810,Biafada,,11.537292,-15.227014,biaf1240,bif,,GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bif,Beafada; Biafar; Bidyola; Bedfola; Dfola; Fada; Ganjoola +7811,Dangaleat,,12.1517,18.385,dang1274,daa,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,daa,Dangla; Danal; Dangal; Dangaléat +7849,Mapudungun,,-40.0791,-71.0156,mapu1245,arn,,AR CL,South America,Araucanian,threatened,ISO 639-3,arn,"Mapudungu; Mapuzugun; Araucano; Maputongo; Mapuche; Araucanian; ""Auca""" +7870,Malé,,5.386336,36.885738,male1284,mdy,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mdy,Maale; Male; Maalé +7871,Kenuzi,,24.153025,32.880436,kenu1243,xnz,,LY EG,Africa,Nubian,threatened,ISO 639-3,xnz,Kenuz; Kunuzi; Kenzi; Nubian (Kunuz); Kenzy +7929,Ibani,,4.49119,7.23558,iban1261,iby,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,iby,Bonny; Ubani; Ịjọ +7930,Southeast Ijo,,4.44235,6.32192,sout2774,ijs,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ijs,Ijaw; Brass Ijo; Ịjọ +7931,Kirike,,4.41126,6.98938,kiri1254,okr,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,okr,Okrika; Ịjọ +7932,Oruma,,4.9377,6.38295,orum1241,orr,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,orr,Ịjọ +7933,Okodia,,5.29237,6.44113,okod1238,okd,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,okd,Okordia; Akita; Ịjọ +7934,Izon,,4.965088,5.905151,izon1238,ijc,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ijc,Ijo (Kolokuma); Izo; Uzo; Ijo; Ijaw; Central-Western Ijo; Ịjọ +7935,Biseni,,5.40296,6.51646,bise1238,ije,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ije,Buseni; Amegi; Northeast Central Ijo; Ịjọ +7936,Kalabari,,4.53194,6.69539,kala1381,ijn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,ijn,Ịjọ +7949,Kara,,9.99526,22.9947,kara1482,kah,,CF,Africa,Central Sudanic,threatened,ISO 639-3,kah,Fer; Dam Fer; Fertit; Kara (in Central African Republic) +7969,Hamer-Bana-Kara,,5.06515,36.5176,hame1242,amf,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,amf,"Hamer; Hamer-Banna; Hamar-Koke; Hammercoche; Amarcocche; Cocche; Beshada; Hammer; Hamar; Amer; Amar; Ammar; Banna; Bana; Kara Kerre; ""etc.""" +7989,Awngi,,11.086775,36.583614,awng1244,awn,,ET,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,at risk,ISO 639-3,awn,Awiya; Awi; Agaw; Agau; Agew; Agow; Awawar; Damot; Kwollanyoch; Hawiya +8009,Jola-Fonyi,,12.75752,-15.7354766667,jola1263,dyo,,SN GM GW,Africa,Niger-Congo,at risk,ISO 639-3,dyo,Kújoolaak Kati Fooñi; Kujamataak; Jola-Fogny; Diola-Fogny; Dyola; Jóola; Jola; Yola +801,Dama,,8.62583,14.198258,dama1267,dmm,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,dmm, +802,Pam,,8.553183,14.336472,pamm1242,pmn,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pmn, +8030,Baale,,5.583184,35.188351,bale1254,,"""Although ethnically the Baale people form a close bond with Tirma and Chai people, their language is quite distinct from the latter. The Baale call their language Baalesi. They are also referred to as Zilmamo, which is the name of their country, situated west and south of Jeba town, towards the border with Sudan. The Gimira call the Baale people and their language Baaye, whereas the Anywak refer to them as Dok"" (Dimmendaal 2002:2). + +",SD ET,Africa,Surmic,threatened,LINGUIST List,koe-baa,Baalesi; Baallessiye; Baaye; Bale; Dok; Ðok; Dhok; Dhuak; Kachepo; Kec̆ipo; Kic̆epo; Zilmamo; Zilmamu +804,Kabalai,,9.465995,16.27482,kaba1292,kvf,,TD,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kvf,Kaba-Lai; Kabalay; Kabalaye; Keb-Kaye; Gablai; Lay; Lai +8049,K'iche',,19.3482,-90.7177,kich1262,quc,,GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,quc,Kiché; Quiché; Quiche; K'iche'; Central; Central Quiché; Chiquel; Cachabel +8069,Talinga-Bwisi,,0.624835,29.974608,tali1258,tlj,,CD UG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tlj,Talinga; Kitalinga; Lubwisi; Olubwisi; Bwissi; Mawissi; Lubwissi +8089,Kaqchikel,,14.47,-90.99,kaqc1270,,"Ethnologue (2009) separated Kaqchikel into 10 different entries, which are dialects of a single Kaqchikel language.",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cak; ckk; cke; ckc; cki; ckj; ckd; ckf; ckw; cbm,Kakchiquel; Kaqchikel; Central; Cakchiquel; Kaqchiquel; Kachiquel +8090,Q'eqchi',,15.38,-89.25,kekc1242,kek,,GT BZ,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kek,K'ekchí; Kekch; Kekchi; Qeqchi'; Quecchi'; Cacche'; Ketchi'; Kekchi'; Kekchí +8091,Mam,,14.8,-91.72,mamm1241,mam,,GT MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,mam,Qyo:l +8111,Aymara,,-17.1417,-70.3442,sout2996,ayc,"Ethnologue lists Aymara [aym] as a macro-language consisting of Central Aymara [ayr] (Bolivia) and Southern Aymara [ayc] (Peru). For most linguists, what Central Aymara [ayr] and Southern Aymara [ayc] are not separate languages. ",PE AR BO CL,South America,Aymaran,at risk,ISO 639-3,ayc,Aymará; Aymara; Southern; Southern Aymara; 2 varieties: Aymara (Central)/Aymara (Southern); Aimara; Tupe +8112,Huaylas Quechua,,-9.52044,-77.568526,huay1240,qwh,,PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qwh,Quechua ancashino; Ancash Quechua +8113,Conchucos Quechua,,-9.0,-77.0,,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomina 1978.) + +Ethnologue has four distinct Conchucos Quechua languages: +Corongo Ancash Quechua [qwa]; +Sihuas Ancash Quechua [qws]; +Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua [qxn]; +Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua [qxo]. + +For many linguists, these are dialects of the same language; they are combined here. + +Corongo Quechua, Sihuas Quechua, Northern Conchucos Quechua, and Southern Conchucos Quechua are all distinct varieties of Ancash Quechua (Willem Adelaar personal communication).",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,,qwa; qws; qxn; qxo,Corongo Ancash Quechua; Sihuas Ancash Quechua; Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua; Northern Conchucos Quechua; and Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua +8114,Alto Marañón Quechua,,-9.932,-76.242,marg1254,qvm,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Alto Marañón Quechua [qvm] is sometimes listed as an alternate name of Alto Huallaga [qub], as both are Ap-am-ah Central Quechuan languages. However, according to some linguists the two are different languages, and according to others they are dialects. + +This area corresponds to the Upper Marañón Valley in southwestern Huánuco; this variant should be close to Huallaga (Huánuco) Quechua (Willem Adelaar personal communication).",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,qvm,Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua; Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua; Upper Marañón Quechua +8115,Huallaga Quechua,,-10.2,-75.8,hual1241,qub,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987) + +This Quechua language is well-documented by David Weber (1989, 1998).",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,,qub,Upper Huallaga Quechua; Eastern Huánuco Quechua +8116,Laraos Quechua,,,,lara1261,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Willem Adelaar (personal communication): ""Laraos is part of Yauyos Quechua"", but is a separate variety from Southern Yauyos Quechua and from Northern Yauyos Quechua.",PE,South America,,,LINGUIST List,qux-lar, +8118,Lincha Quechua,,,,tana1291,,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +Lincha-Tana is one of the five dialects that are documented in Shimelman (2017). (Willem Adelaar personal communication)",PE,South America,,,LINGUIST List,qux-lin,Lincha; Lincha-Tana; Southern Yauyos Quechua +8121,Cajamarca Quechua,,-7.158438,-78.51262,caja1238,qvc,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987) + +This is one of the most archaic varieties of Quechua II. (Willem Adelaar personal communication)",PE,South America,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,qvc,Quechua; Cajamarca; Cajamarca Quechua; Cajamarca Kechua +8122,Chachapoyas Quechua,,-6.197247,-77.830093,chac1250,quk,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987) + +This is one of the most divergent varieties of all of Quechua (a member of Quechua II). (Willem Adelaar personal communication)",PE,South America,Quechuan,threatened,ISO 639-3,quk,Amazonas Quechua; Chachapoyas; Chachapoyas Quechua; Chachapoya +8123,San Martín Quechua,,-6.9582,-76.6608,sanm1289,qvs,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.)",PE,South America,Quechuan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,qvs,Lamista; Lamista Quechua +8125,Ayacucho Quechua,,-13.85,-74.32,ayac1239,quy,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987)",PE,South America,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,quy,Ayacucho; Ayacucho-Chanka; Chanka +8126,Northern Bolivian Quechua,,-14.4,-68.79,nort2976,qul,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987).",BO,South America,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,qul,Boliviano; North Bolivian Quechua; North la Paz Quechua; North Bolivian Quechua; Quechua (Bolivian); Bolivia Quechua; Bolivian Quechua +8127,Bolivian Quechua,,-20.92,-66.33,sout2991,quh,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in Quechuan, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987)",AR BO,South America,Quechuan,at risk,ISO 639-3,quh,Boliviano; Quechua; South Bolivian; Central Bolivian Quechua; Quechua Boliviano; South Bolivian Quechua; Quechua (Bolivian); Bolivia Quechua; Cochabamba +8128,Cuzco Quechua,,-13.523176,-71.978731,cusc1236,quz,"The question of how to distinguish between entities that are dialects of a single language vs. those that are separate languages is particularly serious in the case of Quechuan languages and dialects, and much work remains to be done. Though it is well-known and very clear that there are a number of distinct languages in the Quechuan complex, some very distinct, the tendency to consider them all merely dialects of “Quechua” persists in many circles. (Cerrón-Palomino 1987.) + +The combination Cuzco-Collao (sometimes used for the name) implies the inclusion of Puno and eastern Arequipa Quechua, which are slightly different from Cuzco Quechua and carry a heavy substrate from Aymara (cf. ‘Northern Potosí Quechua’). If Northern Bolivian Quechua were not considered separate, it would be part of this cluster of varieties. (Willem Adelaar personal communication)",PE,South America,Quechuan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,quz,Cusco Quechua; Qheswa; Quechua Cusco; Cusco-Collao +8129,Japréria,,10.55,-72.71,japr1238,jru,,VE,South America,Cariban,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jru,Japrería; Japreria; Yucpa-Yaprería; Motilón; Yukpa-Japrería; Yaprería +8172,Bangime,,14.797222,-3.761111,bang1363,dba,,ML,Africa,Isolate,threatened,ISO 639-3,dba,Dogon; Bangeri Me; Bangerime; Bangeri-me; Banger-me; Baŋgi me; Numadaw; Numa-Daw; Dyeni; Dyɛni; Yeni; Yɛni; Noumandan; Elebo +8194,Ikorom,,7.06,5.09,ikor1238,,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,LINGUIST List,ibe-iko, +8195,Alago,,8.110174,9.14293,alag1242,ala,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ala,Aragu; Arago; Argo; Idoma Nokwu +8198,Gansu Bonan,,35.806111,102.772778,bona1250,peh,"The ISO code [peh] covers both Gansu Bonan and Qinghai Bonan, but the most recent linguistic references recognize these two as distinct and separate. + +Nationality of speakers: Bonan; This nationality does not comprise the speakers of Qinghai Bonan, who are classified as members of the ""Tu"" nationality. Due to differences in religion, the base of bilingualism, languages of education and, since the mid 19th century also location, the two forms of speech are distinct, though still closely related languages.",CN,East Asia,Mongolic,threatened,ISO 639-3,peh,Islamic Bonan; Moslem Bonan; Baoan; Bao'an; Baonan; Baongan; 甘肅保安語; 積石山保安語 +8199,Qinghai Bonan,,35.52111,102.018333,bona1250,peh,"The ISO code [peh] lists Qinghai Bonan and Gansu Bonan together, but the most recent linguistic references recognize these two as distinct and separate.",CN,East Asia,Mongolic,threatened,ISO 639-3,peh,Buddhist Bonan; Baoan; Bao'an; Baonan; Baongan; Bao'an Tu; Dordo; 青海保安語; mistakenly also: Tu; Monguour +8234,Khamnigan Mongol,,49.296,119.797,kham1281,,,RU CN MN,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Mongolic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1lj,Khamnigan; Kamnigan; Hamunikan; Xamnigan; 哈姆尼堪; 汗尼幹蒙古語; хамниганский язык +8249,Khoekhoe,,-20.313721,14.968872,nama1264,naq,,ZA BW NA,Africa,Khoe,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,naq,"Khoekhoegowap; Khoekhoegowab; Khoe; Bergdama; Nama; Dama; Naman; Namakwa; Namaqua; Maqua; Tama; Tamma; Tamakwa; Berdama; Bergdamara; Damara; Damaqua; Khoi; Khiri; Grikwa; Griqua; Xrikwa; Xirikwa; Gry; Gri; ""Kakuya Bushman Nasie""; ""Rooi Nasie""; ""Cape Hottentot""; ""Hottentot""" +8329,Dhao,,-10.82,122.67,dhao1237,nfa,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,nfa,Ndao; Dao; Ndaonese; Ndaundau; Kahore +8330,Kula,,-8.2,125.0,kula1280,tpg,"While Sawila [swt] and Kula [tpg] are both sometimes called 'Tanglapui,' they are separate languages which are not mutually intelligible.",ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,tpg,"Lantoka; Lamtoka; Kola; ""Tanglapui""" +8349,Upper Silesian,,50.680797,17.878417,sile1253,szl,,PL,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,szl,Silesian; ślōnskŏ gŏdka; ślōnski; ślōnskŏ mŏwa; Śląski; Szlonzok; Eng: Silesian; Pol: język śląski; Ces: slezský jazyk +8369,Nyagrong Minyag,,30.833856,100.159607,horp1239,,"Closely related to Horpa (ero). Not to be confused with Muya (mvm), spoken in and around Kangding County.",CN,East Asia,Sino-Tibetan,threatened,LINGUIST List,nm0,Minyag; 新龍木雅語 +8390,Siuslaw,,42.653122,-124.358941,sius1254,sis,Siuslaw (proper) and Lower Umpqua are two closely related dialects. There have been no known native speakers since the 1970s.,US,North America,Isolate,dormant,ISO 639-3,sis,Umpqua; Ku-itc (Kuitsh) +8409,Jejueo,,33.366667,126.533333,jeju1234,jje,,KR,East Asia,Koreanic,endangered,ISO 639-3,jje,제주어; Jejumal; 제주말; Jeju saturi; 제주 사투리; Saturi; 사투리; Jeju bangeon; 제주 방언; 濟州方言; Chejueo; 濟州語; Jejutmal; 제줏말; Jeju Jiyeokeo; 제주 지역어; 濟州地域語 +841,Nkoroo,,4.561549,7.473342,nkor1239,nkx,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nkx,Kirika; Nkoro; Ịjọ +842,Tojolabal,,16.3333333333,-91.5,tojo1241,toj,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,threatened,ISO 639-3,toj,tojolab'al +8429,Pennsylvania German,,47.33,-87.81,penn1240,pdc,,US CA,North America,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,pdc,Pennsylvania Deitsh; Pennsylvanish; Pennsylvania Dutch +843,Koasati,,30.083333,-92.116667,koas1236,cku,,US,North America,Muskogean,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,cku,Coushatta; Koasáti +845,Central Alaskan Yup'ik,,61.4387,-160.4882,cent2127,esu,,US,North America,Eskimo-Aleut,threatened,ISO 639-3,esu,Yugcestun; Yugtun; Yupik; Yup'ik; 中央アラスカ・ユピック語 +8450,Dela-Oenale,,-10.7663218,123.0741913,dela1251,row,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,row,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Barat; Western Rote; Delha; Oe Nale; Rotti; Dela +8451,Lole,,-10.8069,123.085,lole1239,llg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,llg,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Tengah; Central Rote; Loleh; Ba'a; Baä +8452,Luang,,-8.18,127.94,luan1263,lex,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lex,Letri Lgona; Literi Lagona; Lgona +846,Chamorro,,13.4323,144.7338,cham1312,cha,,MP GU,Pacific,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3; Glottolog,cha; cham1312,CHamoru; Tjamoro; Sprache der Marianen +8469,Ghomara,,35.076581,-4.892731,ghom1257,gho,,MA,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,ISO 639-3,gho,Ghumāra; Ghmara; Ghomara Berber +847,Kumeyaay,,32.9359,-116.868,kumi1248,dih,"Kumeyaay is a member of the Diegueño dialect complex, spoken in 16 communities in San Diego County and in Baja California. The Ipai and Tipai dialect clusters have sometimes been considered distinct languages, though they are to some extent mutually intelligible. Some add Kumeyaay as a third dialect cluster intermediate between these two others. (Golla 2011: 120.)",US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Cochimi-Yuman,endangered,ISO 639-3,dih,Campo; Comeya; Cuchimí; Kamia; Kamiai; Kamiyahi; Kamiyai; Ki-Miai; Ko'al; Ku'ahl; Kumeyaai; Kumiai; Kumia; Kw'aal; Quemayá; Tipái; Tipai'; Tipéi +848,Jaqaru,,-12.7488,-75.8248,jaqa1244,jqr,"The Aymaran family has also been called Jaqi and Aru. + +Cauqui (Kawki, Cachuy, Cauque) has sometimes been treated as a separate language though most consider it a dialect of Jaqaru. Crevels (2012) reports 9 speakers for Cauqui (data from 2005).",PE,South America,Aymaran,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,jqr,Haqearu; Haqaru; Haq'aru; Aru; Hakaru-Kauki +8489,Senhaja de Srair,,34.881362,-4.611313,senh1238,sjs,,MA,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sjs,Sanhāja of Srair; Senhajiya; Sanhaja de Srair +849,Lamkang,,24.2569,94.0759,lamk1238,lmk,,IN,South Asia,Sino-Tibetan,endangered,ISO 639-3,lmk, +8490,Figuig,,32.112095,-1.222258,tazn1238,,,MA,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,qb8,Berber (Figuig) +850,Łingít (Tlingit),,60.171,-132.7395,tlin1245,tli,,US CA,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,tli,Tlinkit; Thlinget; Inland Tlingit; Lingit; Kolosch; Kolosh +8509,Tetserret,,15.406024,6.26976,tets1235,,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1nl, +851,Yaqui,,32.1158,-111.0638,yaqu1251,yaq,"Yaqui [yaq], Mayo [mfy], and Cahita are often distinguished though generally they are considered mutually intelligible and not separate languages. +Ethnologue distinguishes Yaqui [yaq] and Mayo [mfy] as separate languages, but does not mention Cahita. ",US MX,"North America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Uto-Aztecan,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,yaq,Yaki; Cahita; Yaqui-Mayo; Kahita; Yoeme +852,Shiwilu,,-5.41666666667,-76.5,jebe1250,jeb,,PE,South America,Cahuapanan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,jeb,Xiwilu; Jebero; Chébero; Jébero; Xihuila; Xébero; Xevero; Xebero; Chebero; Hevero +8529,Northern Mansi,,62.6539,63.1494,mans1258,,"Mansi is, with some justification, often considered to be a single language with four main groups of dialects; the linguistic differences within Mansi are, indeed, smaller than those within the otherwise comparable cases of Khanty, Selkup, and Ket.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1nt,Northern Vogul; Sos'va; северно-мансийский язык; Northern Man'si; вогульский; маньси; моаньсь +853,Wiyot,,40.8333333333,-124.166666667,wiyo1248,wiy,,US,North America,Algic,awakening,ISO 639-3,wiy,Wishosk; Kowilth; Wiyoshk; Weyot +8530,Eastern Mansi,,60.7752,67.6098,cent2322,,"Mansi is, with some justification, often considered to be a single language with four main groups of dialects; the linguistic differences within Mansi are, indeed, smaller than those within the otherwise comparable cases of Khanty, Selkup, and Ket.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1nu,Eastern Vogul; восточно-мансийский язык; кондинский-мансийский язык; Konda; вогульский язык; маньси; моаньсь; Eastern Man'si +8549,Western Mansi,,61.1432,62.4023,sout3253,,"Mansi is, with some justification, often considered to be a single language with four main groups of dialects; the linguistic differences within Mansi are, indeed, smaller than those within the otherwise comparable cases of Khanty, Selkup, and Ket.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,dormant,LINGUIST List,1od,Western Vogul; Pelym; западно-мансийский язык; Vogul; West Vogul; вогульский; маньси; моаньсь +855,Tolowa,,41.9566,-124.1915,tolo1259,tol,,US,North America,Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit,awakening,ISO 639-3,tol,Smith River; Chetco-Tolowa; Tolowa-Chetco; Smith River Athabaskan; Chetco; Siletz Dee-ni +8550,Northern Khanty,,63.7047,66.676,nort3264,,"Though often considered to be a single language, Khanty is actually a group of three mutually unintelligible conglomerations of dialects that may well be counted as separate languages. A particularly close areal and typological affinity exists between Northern Khanty and Northern Mansi.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1of,Northern Khant; Ostyak; северно-хантыйский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; khănty yasăŋ; Northern Khante; Ostyak; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak +8551,Southern Khanty,,60.4301,69.9829,sout3226,,"Though often considered to be a single language, Khanty is actually a group of three mutually unintelligible conglomerations of dialects that may well be counted as separate languages.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,dormant,LINGUIST List,1og,Southern Khant; Ostyak; южно-хантыйский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; Southern Khante; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak; остяцкий язык +8552,Eastern Khanty,,59.973386,74.439999,east2774,,"Though often considered to be a single language, Khanty is actually a group of three mutually unintelligible conglomerations of dialects that may well be counted as separate languages.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ok,Eastern Khant; Ostyak; восточно-хантыйский язык; кантыкский язык; хӑнты ясӑң; khănty yasăŋ; Ostiak; Ugrian Ostyak; остяцкий язык; Eastern Khante +8553,Northern Selkup,,65.7035,82.4441,tazz1244,,"The three main varieties of Selkup have traditionally been counted as dialects of a single language; their differences are, however, comparable to those between, for instance, Ket, Yug, and Pumpokol.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,endangered,LINGUIST List,1oo,Taz Selkup; šöľqumyt әty; северноселькупский язык; śöľqup; шӧльӄумыт әты; тазовский селькупский язык; pohjoisselkuppi; Sel'kup; Sölkup; Sölqup; Söl'qup; Ostyak Samoyed; Tas Selkup +8554,Central Selkup,,59.8903,82.0129,cent2328,,"The three main varieties of Selkup have traditionally been counted as dialects of a single language; their differences are, however, comparable to those between, for instance, Ket, Yug, and Pumpokol.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1op,Narym; Tym Selkup; čumyľ qumyt әty; чумыль ӄумыт әты; центральный селькупский язык; Middle Selkup; Ostyak Samoyed; narymin selkupin kieli; narymin selkuppi +8555,Southern Selkup,,59.964395,83.932541,sout3262,,"The three main varieties of Selkup have traditionally been counted as dialects of a single language; their differences are, however, comparable to those between, for instance, Ket, Yug, and Pumpokol.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1or,Ket Selkup; южноселькупский язык; tüj qumyt әty; šöš qumyt әty; śüssü qumyt әty; tüjqum; šöšqum; śüssogum; сӱccӱ ӄумыт әты; шӧш ӄумыт әты; тӱй ӄумыт әты; eteläselkuppi; кетский селькупский язык; Ket' Selkup; Ostyak Samoyed +8556,Amur Nivkh,,53.2684,140.4107,gily1242,,"Nivkh is often regarded as an isolate, but, like Ainu, it may also be viewed as a small family, comprising two closely related, but mutually unintelligible, languages; attempts to demonstrate the existence of a genetic connection between Nivkh and other families have not given generally accepted results.",RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Nivkh,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1ot,Nivx; Gilyak; амурский нивхский язык; Nivukhi; Ghilyak; Ghiliak; Gelyak; Giriyaaku; Нивхгу диф; Ньиғвӈгун; гиляцкий язык +8557,New Bargut,,48.684,116.814,chin1476,,"Like Old Bargut, New Bargut is an early (18th century) Manchurian branch of Eastern Buryat that has developed under increasing influence of the northern dialects of Mongolian proper.",CN,East Asia,Mongolic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,1no,New Barghut; Xin Baerhu; Menggu; 新巴爾虎土語 +8558,Old Bargut,,49.506,119.43,,,,CN,East Asia,Mongolic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1np,Old Barghut; Chen Baerhu; Menggu; 陳巴爾虎土語 +856,Sukur,,10.73,13.57,suku1272,syk,,NG,Africa,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,syk,Sakun; Sugur; Adikimmu Sukur; Gemasakun; Sakul +8569,Sinkiang Dagur,,46.7737,83.0017,,,"Earlier not distinguished from Evenki: Ongkor Solon, (Chinese pinyin:) Suolun",KZ CN,Near East; East Asia,Mongolic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1nq,Turkestan Dagur; Daur; 新疆達斡爾 +8570,Solon,,48.166,119.4873,solo1263,,An aberrant and in some respects archaic branch of Evenki; areally involved in a satellite relationship to Dagur; there is considerable but poorly investigated dialectal variation,CN,East Asia,Tungusic,threatened,LINGUIST List,1nr,Manchurian Solon; Solon Evenki; 索倫語; 索倫鄂溫克; 輝河方言; 鄂溫克語輝方言 +8571,Ongkor Solon,,46.7774,83.0456,ongk1234,,,KZ CN,Near East; East Asia,Tungusic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,1ns,Onkor Solon; Onkor Solon; Solon Ewenki; Ewenke +8589,Ekit,,4.770001,7.85914,ekit1246,eke,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,eke,Eket; Ekid +8590,Okobo,,5.02037,8.08696,okob1241,okb,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,okb, +8591,Nkari,,5.44,7.76,nkar1238,nkz,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nkz, +8592,Ibuoro,,5.5,7.93,ibuo1242,ibr,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ibr, +8593,Uda,,4.7,8.07,udaa1238,uda,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,uda, +8594,Ebughu,,4.754658,8.276181,ebug1241,ebg,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ebg,Oron +8595,Etebi,,4.643891,7.97043,eteb1238,etb,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,etb, +8596,Ibino,,4.6,8.15,ibin1241,ibn,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,ibn,Ibeno; Ibuno +8598,Anaang,,5.182927,7.715479,anaa1238,anw,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anw,Anang; Annang +8599,Enwan,,4.652842,8.251014,enwa1245,enw,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,enw,"Enwang; ""Oron""" +8600,Itu Mbon Uzo,,5.53,7.8,itum1245,itm,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,itm,Itu Mbon Uso; Itu Mbuzo; Ito Mbonuso +8601,Manx,,54.163387,-4.498093,manx1243,glv,"Manx is a ""revived"" language; it once had no surviving native speakers, but has been learned by many in more recent times.",GB,Europe,Indo-European,awakening,ISO 639-3,glv,Manx Gaelic; Manks; Gaelg; Gailck +8602,Tzeltal,,16.64,-92.28,tzel1254,,"Ethnologue distinguishes Bachajón Tzeltal and Oxchuc Tzeltal as separate languages, though most linguists see these only as variants of a single Tzeltal language.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tzb; tzh,Tseltal; Tzendal +8603,Tzotzil,,16.64,-92.74,tzot1259,,Ethnologue distinguishes 6 varieties of Tzotzil as independent languages where other linguists find only a single Tzotzil language.,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Mayan,at risk,ISO 639-3,tzc; tze; tzu; tzs; tzo; tzz,Ts'ots'il +861,Ninam,,4.5435,-63.5668,nina1238,shb,"The variety called Yaroame (ISO 639-3 code: yro) is considered by linguists including Helder Feirrera to be a language distinct from Ninam; however, opinions on this dialect-language division are varied, as there is some mutual intelligibility between Ninam varieties. For the purposes of the Catalogue of Endangered Languages, Yaroame is considered a variety of Ninam. ",BR VE,South America,Yanomaman,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,shb,Yanam; Nimam; Xiriâna; Casapare; Kasrapai; Jawaperi; Crichana; Jawari; Shiriana; Shirianá; Samatari; Yanam-Ninam; Xirianá; Shiriana Casapare +862,Omagua,,-4.0724,-73.103,omag1248,omg,,BR PE,South America,Tupian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,omg,Omagua-Yete; Ariana; Pariana; Anapia; Macanipa; Kambeba; Yhuata; Umaua; Cambeba; Campeba; Cambela; Cambeeba; Compeva; Canga-Peba; Agua; Omagua-Campeva; Omawa-Kampeva; Janbeba +8629,Provençal,,44.0,6.0,prov1235,,A variety of Occitan.,FR,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,oci-prv,Provençal Occitan; Provenzale; Prouvençau; Mistralien +863,Eastern Pomo,,39.0,-122.666666667,east2545,peb,,US,North America,Pomoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,peb,Clear Lake; Pomo; Eastern; Clear Lake Pomo; East Pomo; Pomo (Eastern); Southeast Clear Lake Pomo; West Clear Lake Pomo +8630,Auvergnat,,45.1278,3.1311,auve1239,,A variety of Occitan.,FR,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,LINGUIST List,oci-auv,Auvergnat Occitan; Auvernhas; Auverne; Occitan +8631,Gascon,,43.1811,-0.1428,gasc1240,,A variety of Occitan.,FR ES,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,LINGUIST List,oci-gsc,Gascon Occitan; Aranés; Aranese; Arnais; Aranese Occitan +864,Waunana,,8.2984,-78.1018,woun1238,noa,,CO PA,"South America; Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Chocoan,threatened,ISO 639-3,noa,Noanamá; Huaunana; Woun Meu; Waun Meo; Waumeo; Wounmeu; Wounaan; Noanama; Noenama; Nonama; Chocama; Chanco +8649,Jèrriais,,49.2211,-2.1368,jerr1238,nrf,Considered by some to be an outlying dialect of Norman.,GB,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,nrf,Guernésiais; Jersey French; Jersiais; Jèrriais; Jersey Norman; Guernsey French +865,Mandan,,47.5165,-102.2461,mand1446,mhq,"Edwin Benson, the last fluent speaker of Mandan, passed away on Dec. 9th, 2016.",US,North America,Siouan,dormant,ISO 639-3,mhq, +867,Kiowa,,35.1016,-98.6197,kiow1266,kio,,US,North America,Kiowa-Tanoan,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,kio,Kiowan +8689,Kalaallisut,,64.175,-51.738889,kala1399,kal,"There is a significant dialect difference between the west coast settlements and those on the east coast, leading to a distinction between West Greenlandic and East Greenlandic. The five Thule communities in the far northwest of the island constitute a third dialect cluster, sometimes called Polar Eskimo. This dialect is closer to the speech of Baffin Island than to West or East Greenlandic, and is usually considered to be a variety of Eastern Canadian Inuktitut that has been influenced by standard Greenlandic. (Golla 2007)",DK NC,Europe; North America,Eskimo-Aleut,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kal,Inuit; Eskimo; Greenlandic; Greenlandic Eskimo +8709,Tondi Songway Kiini,,15.101295,-2.771507,tond1249,tst,,ML,Africa,Songhay,threatened,ISO 639-3,tst,TSK +8731,Ben Tey,,14.9,-3.0,bent1238,dbt,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbt,Beni; Ben Tey Dogon +8732,Bankan Tey,,15.1,-2.9,bank1259,dbw,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dbw,Walo; Oualo; Bankan Tey Dogon +8733,Nanga,,14.9,-3.0,nang1261,nzz,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,nzz,Nanga Dama Dogon; Nanga Dogon +8734,Yanda Dom,,14.3,-3.3,yand1257,dym,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dym,Yanda Dom Dogon +8735,Tebul Ure,,14.66,-3.1,tebu1239,dtu,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dtu,Oru Yille; Tew Tegu +8736,Bondu So,,14.91,-3.33,bond1248,dbu,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbu,Dogon; Bondum Dom; Bondum-Dom; Najamba-Kindige; Bondum Dom Dogon; North Plateau Dogon; Bondum dom +8737,Dogul Dom,,14.59,-3.57,dogu1235,dbg,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dbg,Dogon; Dogul-Dom; Dogulu; Dogul Dom Dogon; North Plateau Dogon; Dogul dom; Dogul-Dom Dogon +8738,Tiranige Diga,,15.0,-3.0,tira1258,tde,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,tde,Tiranige; Duleri; Duleri Dom; Tiranige Diga Dogon +8739,Mombo,,14.376155,-3.664799,momb1254,dmb,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,dmb,Kolu So; Kolu; Kolum So; Kolum-so; Kolu-so; Pignari; Mombo Dogon +8740,Ampari,,14.257728,-3.90712,ampa1238,aqd,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,aqd,Ampari Dogon; Ambeenge; Ampari; Pignari +8741,Penange,,12.866531,-4.749725,pena1270,,,ML,Africa,,,LINGUIST List,1qa, +8742,Bunoge,,14.650026,-3.795884,buno1241,dgb,,ML,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,dgb,Korandabo; Budu-Tagu; Korandabo; Bunoge Dogon +8749,Ixtlán,,17.330742,-96.487204,,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI count each variety of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approx. 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major language areas: (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011) + +Possibly one of several daughter languages in the Monte Albán Zapotec language clade. It ""reflects earlier migrations than do the other Sierra Norte languages"" (Beam de Azcona, 2021)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,zaa; zpd; zae; zaq,Sierra de Juárez Zapotec; Zapotec (Juárez); Zapoteco ( Juarez Sierra); Sierra de Juarez; Ixtlan; Zapotec; Zapotec; Sierra de Juárez; Zapoteco de Atepec; Ixtlán Zapoteco; Northern Sapoteko; Serrano +8789,Rincón,,17.307124,-96.164485,,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI count each variety of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approx. 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major language areas: (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,zar; zsr; zpc,Rincón Zapotec; Sierra de Villa Alta; Zapotec; Nothern Zapoteco; Zapotec; Rincón; Zapoteco del Rincón; Zapoteco de Yagallo; Northern Villa Alta Zapotec; Northern Sapoteko; Choapan Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapoteco de Choapan +8790,Ayoquezco,,16.66,-96.86,ayoq1235,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI count each variety of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approx. 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major language areas: (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,endangered,Glottolog,ayoq1235,Ayoquezco Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Ayoquezco; Western Ejutla Zapotec; Zapoteco de Santa María Ayoquezco; Central Sapoteko +8792,Albarradas Zapotec,,17.066921,-96.20071,,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI distinguish varieties of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approximately 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major groups (language areas): (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,sant1448; sant1450,Santo Domingo Albarradas Zapotec; Zapotec; Albarradas; Zapoteco de Santo Domingo Albarradas +8793,Etla Zapotec,,17.15,-96.88,,,"Ethnologue list 57 Zapotec languages. INALI gives 62 ""variantes"" of Zapoteco. SIL and INALI count each variety of Zapotec, some of which are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language. The exact number of distinct languages that need to be recognized is unclear. The most current linguistic research suggests approx. 18 Zapotec languages distributed in 5 major language areas: (1) Northern (ca. 5 languages); (2) Central (ca. 7 languages); (3) Southern (ca. 4 languages); (4) Papabuco (1 language); (5) Western (1 language). + +""While there is no consensus yet as to the dialectal classification of Zapotec languages, the point to be made here is that the diversity of Zapotec languages is extremely rich."" (Pérez Báez 2011)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,Glottolog,maza1294; teja1235,Tejalapan Zapotec; Zapotec; Zapotec; Tejalapan; Zapoteco de San Felipe Tejalapan; Zapoteco de Tejalápam; Etla Zapotec; Zapoteco de Santo Tomás Mazaltepec +8809,Mungbam,,6.577583,10.237533,abar1238,mij,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mij,Mijong; Missong; Abar +881,Denya,,5.97237,9.39989,deny1238,anv,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,anv,Anyang; Agnang; Anyan; Anyah; Eyan; Takamanda; Obonya; Nyang +8829,Mundabli-Mufu,,6.606933,10.2733,mund1328,boe,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,boe,Ji; Bu +8849,Fang,,6.549667,10.279017,fang1248,fak,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,fak, +8869,Koshin,,6.58815,10.281317,kosh1246,kid,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,kid,Kosin; Kaw +8889,Ajumbu,,6.5391,10.238567,mbuu1238,muc,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,ISO 639-3,muc,Mbu' +8909,Naki,,6.600783,10.265667,naki1238,mff,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,threatened,ISO 639-3,mff,Mekaf; Munkaf; Nkap; Bunaki +8929,Buu (Cameroon),,6.56465,10.25515,buuu1246,,,CM,Africa,Niger-Congo,endangered,LINGUIST List,8uu, +8949,Sambe,,9.074976,8.451004,samb1307,xab,,NG,Africa,Niger-Congo,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,xab, +8969,Tunica,,31.1267,-92.0661,tuni1252,tun,,US,North America,Isolate,awakening,ISO 639-3,tun,Tonika; Tunixka +8989,Mansaka,,6.79,126.18,mans1262,msk,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,msk,Mandaya Mansaka +9011,Nēhiyawēwin,,56.3544,-113.8345,plai1258,,,CA,North America,Algic,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,crk-pla,ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ; Plains Cree; Cree +9029,Original Chiangmai Sign Language,,18.789968,98.984387,chia1237,csd,This language family includes original sign languages in Thailand and Hai Phong Sign Language.,TH,Southeast Asia,Sign Language,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,csd,Chiengmai Sign Language; Original Chiangmai Sign Language; Old Chiangmai Sign Language; OCMSL +9049,Mbugu,,-4.704289,38.378472,mbug1240,mhd,,TZ,Africa,Mixed Language,threatened,ISO 639-3,mhd,Ma'a; Mbougou; Wama'a; Wa Maathi; Kibwyo; Mixed Ma'a/Mbugu; Ma'á; Inner Ma'á; Mbugu Inner Mbugu +9069,Cajonos Zapotec,,,,,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,ISO 639-3,zad; zav; zpu; zpq; zat,dill xhon; Villalta (non-preferred) +9072,Coyachilla,,,,,,,MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",,,ISO 639-3,zpp; zpl,Zimatlán; Zimatlán Zapotec; Coyachilla dialect continuum; Western Zapotec (non-preferred) +9089,Geviya,,-1.216301,10.599997,eviy1235,,,GA,Africa,Niger-Congo,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,gev,Eviya; Gevia; Avia; Ivéa +9109,Rikou,,-10.55,123.31,ring1244,rgu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,rgu,Ringgou; Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Timur; Eastern Rote; Rotti +9129,Tii,,-10.84,122.96,tiii1241,txq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,txq,Rote; Roti; Rotinese; Rote Barat; Western Rote; Thie; Ti +9149,Uab Meto,,-9.77,124.14,uabm1237,aoz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,aoz,Atoni; Meto; Uab Atoni Pah Meto; Uab Pah Meto; Timor; Timorese; Timol; Timoreesch; Timoreezen; Dawan (pejorative); Timor Dawan; Rawan; Orang Gunung +9169,Galoli,,-8.58,126.0,galo1243,gal,,TL,Pacific,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,gal,Galole; Galolen +9170,Hawu,,-10.55,121.85,sabu1255,hvn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,hvn,Sabu; Havunese; Savu; Sawu; Sawunese; Savunese +9171,Amarasi,,-10.08,124.33,amar1273,aaz,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aaz,Timor Amarasi +921,Aghul,,41.7518,47.6875,aghu1253,agx,,RU AZ,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,agx,Agul; агъул чӀал; Ağul ç'al; агульский язык; Aghulshuy; Aguly +9229,Mlaḥsô,,37.03,41.22,mlah1239,lhs,"It is thought to be recently dormant, as the last known speaker died in 1998. Closely related to the Turoyo language, which is still in use by some speakers in Turkey and in diaspora communities.",TR SY,Europe; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,dormant,ISO 639-3,lhs,Mlahsö; Mlaḥso; Suryoyo; Mlahso +9249,Sorkhei,,35.46,53.22,sork1239,sqo,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sqo, +9250,Shahmirzadi,,35.776586,53.318583,shah1253,srz,,IR,Near East,,,ISO 639-3,srz, +9251,Sangisari,,35.72,53.3,sang1315,sgr,,IR,Near East,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,sgr,Sangesari; Mahdi Shahri; Mehdishahri; Sängesäri; Sangsari; Sängsari; Sängsäri; Sengiseri; Sengsari +9289,Urmia Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.3319,45.0421,urmi1249,,,IR,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,08g,Assyrian; NENA +9290,Central Jewish Neo-Aramaic,,36.55,44.2,barz1241,,,IL,Near East,Afro-Asiatic,critically endangered,LINGUIST List,0xp,Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic; NENA +9309,Northern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.24,43.58,,,,TR,Europe,Afro-Asiatic,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,0zn,Assyrian; NENA; Hakkari +9329,Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,37.2229,44.67,assy1241,,,TR IQ SY,Europe; Near East,Afro-Asiatic,endangered,LINGUIST List,08a,Asirat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic; Assyrian; NENA; Ashirat Neo-Aramaic +9330,Southern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic,,36.34,43.13,,,,TR,Europe,Afro-Asiatic,threatened,LINGUIST List,0xs,Assyrian; NENA +9389,ǂKx'au||'ein,,-17.683,17.4,kxau1241,aue,,BW NA,Africa,Kx'a,threatened,ISO 639-3,aue,≠Kx'au//'ein; Gobabis Kung; Kaukau; Kung-Gobabis; ≠Kx'ao//'ae; Tcg'aox'ãe; //Au/ei; ≠X'ao//'ai; Koko; Auen +9409,Nedebang,,-8.275,124.202,nede1245,nec,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,nec,Klamu +941,Akhvakh,,42.472,46.3238,akhv1239,akv,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,threatened,ISO 639-3,akv,Axvax; Ашвaлъи мицIи; авахский язык; Akhwakh +942,Akkala Saami,,67.5809,31.668,akka1237,sia,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Uralic,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,sia,Ahkkil; Babino Saami; Akkalansaame; ču´kksuâlis; бабинский саамский язык; Аккала; Babinsk; Akkala Sami +9429,Kaera,,-8.310756,124.031491,kaer1234,jka,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,jka,Dorit +943,Alabugat Tatar,,43.59,46.66,alab1256,,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Turkic,threatened,LINGUIST List,nog-tat,Nogai-Tatar; Tatar-Noghay; Alabugat Tatar-Nogai +944,Algherese Catalan,,40.564318,8.328667,algh1238,,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,LINGUIST List,cat-alg, +9449,Western Pantar,,-8.4,124.05,lamm1241,lev,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lev,Lamma; Mauta; Tubbe; Pantar Barat +945,Vivaro-Alpine,,44.7467,6.6796,viva1235,,,FR IT,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,LINGUIST List,08e,Vivaro-Alpine Occitan; Alpine Provençal; Vivaroalpenc; Vivaroaupenc; Alpine Provencal +946,Gardiol,,39.466667,16.0,gard1245,,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,severely endangered,LINGUIST List,1h9, +9469,Blagar,,-8.302799,124.343837,blag1240,beu,"""Blagar is not a single monolithic language, but a cluster of related varieties often displaying significant variation."" (Steinhauer 2014)",ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,beu,Belagar; Balagur; Kaera; Pura; Tarang; Pi Abaŋ Hur +947,Alutor,,60.2016,165.4238,alut1245,alr,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Chukotko-Kamchatkan,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,alr,Alyutor; Алюторский язык; nəməlʔu; Aliutor; Olyutor +9470,Adang,,-8.195,124.484,adan1251,adn,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,endangered,ISO 639-3,adn,Alor +948,Andi,,42.7308,46.2963,andi1255,ani,,RU,Caucasus; Europe; East Asia,Northeast Caucasian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ani,Qwannab; qwavannab micci; андийский язык; ანდიური ენა; къIaваннаб мицци; Andiy; Andii; Qandisel +9489,Kamang,,-8.27,124.79,kama1365,woi,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,woi,Woisika; Waisika; Kamana-Kamang +949,Aragonese,,42.2935,-0.4394,arag1245,arg,"""Eastern Aragonese"" is sometimes used by some groups to refer to the variety of Catalan spoken in Eastern Aragon, though Catalan is a different language from Aragonese. Both languages are native languages in Aragon.",ES,Europe,Indo-European,endangered,ISO 639-3,arg,Aragoieraz; Altoaragonés; Aragonés; Fabla Aragonesa; Patués; High Aragonese +9490,Sawila,,-8.218577,125.133487,sawi1256,swt,"While Sawila [swt] and Kula [tpg] are both sometimes called 'Tanglapui,' they are separate languages which are not mutually intelligible.",ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,threatened,ISO 639-3,swt,"Manata; Wullili; Sawali; ""Tanglapui""" +9509,Wersing,,-8.350974,124.998557,wers1238,kvw,,ID,Southeast Asia,Timor-Alor-Pantar,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,kvw,Kolana; Kolana-Wersin; Wersin; Warsina +9529,Rembong,,-8.53,120.97,remb1250,reb,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,reb, +9549,Rajong,,-8.79,120.7,rajo1237,rjg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,rjg,Razong +9569,Kepo',,-8.59,120.84,kepo1237,kuk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,kuk,Kepoq; Kepo +9570,Wae Rana,,-8.75,120.79,waer1237,wrx,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,wrx,Waerana +9589,So'a,,-8.68,121.05,cent2074,ssq,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,ssq,Soa +961,Dupaninan Agta,,18.114937,122.178526,dupa1235,duo,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,duo,Eastern Cagayan Agta; Dupaningan Agta; Agta; Dupaninan +962,Arbëreshë,,40.9321,14.8645,arbe1236,aae,,IT,Europe,Indo-European,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,aae,Italo-Albanian; Albanian; Arber; Arbresh; Arnaut; Škip; Shqipēri; Shquipni; Arbëreshë Albanian; Arbëreshë; Albanesisch; Albanian; Arbëreshë +9629,Pazeh-Kaxabu,,23.9666667,120.9666667,kulo1237,uun,"Note that, although some consider Pazeh and Kaxabu being dialects of the same language, many speakers of Kaxabu see themselves as a distinct group. Most sources cited here are associated with the Pazeh group.",TW,East Asia,Austronesian,critically endangered,ISO 639-3,uun,Pazeh; Pazih; Kulun; Sprache von Formosa; Kulon; Kulon-Pazih; Pazzehe; Pazehe; 巴宰語; Kaxabu; Kahabu; 噶哈巫語; Kulon-Pazeh +963,Aromanian,,40.2292,21.1376,arom1237,rup,,BG RO GR MK AL BA RS,Europe,Indo-European,threatened,ISO 639-3,rup,Armãneashti; Armãneascã; Armãneshce; Rrămăneashti; Machiduneashti; Armân; Arumanian; Armina; Vlach; Arumun; Aromunian; Macedo-Romanian; Macedo-Rumanian; Other Roumanian Lects +9630,Siraya,,23.1,120.2,sira1267,fos,,TW,East Asia,Austronesian,awakening,ISO 639-3,fos,Formosan; Siraia; Siraiya; Sideia; Sideis; Sideisch; Baksa; Pepohoan; Pepo-Hwan; Formosanisch; Sprache von Formosa; 西拉雅語 +9649,Puyuma,,22.7583333,121.1444444,puyu1239,pyu,"Puyuma, meaning 'unity, concord' or 'send to the field', is an autonym used by the Nanwang community (Teng 2008). Puyuma is now used as a generic term for all the dialects together, because it is the most recognized name in the academic literature.",TW,East Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,pyu,Pyuma; Pilam; Pelam; Piyuma; Panapanayan; Kadas; Tipun; Sprache von Formosa; Proto-Puyuma; 卑南語 +966,Asturian,,43.25,-6.0,astu1245,ast,,ES PT,Europe,Indo-European,at risk,ISO 639-3,ast,Asturiano; Leonese; Leonés; Astur-Leonese; Asturian-Leonese; Asturianu +9669,Abellen Ayta,,15.35,120.457,aben1249,abp,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,abp,Abenlen; Ayta Abenlen Sambal; Aburlin Negrito; Sambal +9689,Casiguran Dumagat Agta,,16.227,122.063,casi1235,dgc,,PH,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,dgc,Dumagat (Casiguran); Agta (Casiguran Dumagat); Casiguran Dumagat; Casiguran; Baler Dumagat; Agta +9709,Chiquimulilla Xinka,,14.08502,-90.380464,xinc1242,,"Xinkan is a language family with four members: Guazacapán Xinka, Chiquimulilla Xinka, Jumaytepeque Xinka, and Yupiltepeque Xinka. Two of the four are extinct; the other two have only 3 elderly second language semi-speakers (Rogers 2010:3). Despite the very significant differences among these languages, and lack of mutual intelligibility, ""Xinkan"" is often talked of as though it were only a single language. For example, +Ethnologue (2013) gives only a single ""Xinca"" [xin] language, with no known L1 speakers.",GT,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Xincan,awakening,LINGUIST List,2df,Chiguimuliya +9729,Belait,,4.582,114.233,bela1260,beg,,MY BN,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,beg,Balait Jati; Lemeting; Meting +9749,Bintulu,,3.19057,113.0901109,bint1246,bny,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,bny, +9769,Kiput,,4.0,114.4,kipu1237,kyi,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,kyi, +9789,Remun,,1.13,110.61,remu1237,lkj,,MY,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,lkj,Milikin; Millikin +9809,Bebeli,,-5.33534,150.10173,bebe1252,bek,"""Documentation projects by Dr. Hiroko Sato and particularly Morokea village community members; cultural revitalization projects, particularly on their traditional dances and songs, in Mosa village for a few decades, and that helps Mosa community members be aware of the importance of their language and culture and they use Bebeli language more than those in the other two villages.""",PG,Pacific,Austronesian,severely endangered,ISO 639-3,bek, +981,Iwaidja,,-11.4407565,132.5594586,iwai1244,ibd,"Most of the languages of the group are extinct or threatened with imminent extinction, and only two – Iwaidja and Maung – have speech communities large enough to ensure daily use by a full age range including children. (DoBeS)",AU,Australia,Iwaidjan,endangered,ISO 639-3,ibd,Iwaydja; Iwaidji; Ibadjo; Eiwaja; Jiwadja; Limba; Karadjee; Jiwaidja; Iwaiji; Eaewandja; Unalla; Limbakaraja; Eaewardja; Eaewarga; Eae-warge-ga; Iwaija; Iwaja; Iyi; Ji:wadja; Juwadja; Limba-Karadjee; Tarula; Uwaidja; Yiwadya; Yiwayja +9829,Uma' Lung,,2.99,117.22,umal1238,ulu,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,ulu,Kenyah (Uma' Lung); Oma Longh; Òma Lóngh +9849,Northern Chinantec,,18.075,-96.3369,ojit1237,chj,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. The most recent and accurate sources claim that there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009) Classifications are based Campbell, Lyle. 1997. American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chj,Chinanteco del norte; Ojitlán Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; jmiih kia' dzä 'vï ï; jujmi (del norte); Comaltepec; jujmi tsa kö 'w++ +9850,Northwestern Chinantec,,17.8646,-96.5176,tlac1239,ctl,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. The most recent and accurate sources claim that there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,ctl,jau jmai; Chinanteco del noroeste; Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec +9851,Upper Southeastern Chinantec,,17.675036884871695,-96.2282121102249,ozum1235,chz,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. The most recent and accurate sources claim that there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,chz,jumi dsa mojai; Chinanteco del sureste alto; Ozumacín Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Juujmii; Chinanteco de Ayotzintepec +9869,Lower Southeastern Chinantec,,17.5071981929337,-95.87680981397497,lala1270,cnl,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. According to the most recent and accurate sources available, there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cnl,jujmi dsa m+ta'o; jujmi dsa maji'i; Chinanteco del sureste bajo; Lalana Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Chinanteco de San Juan Lalana +9870,Western Chinantec,,17.7985,-96.6079,soch1239,cso,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. According to the most recent and accurate sources available, there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cso,jujma; Chinanteco del oeste; Sochiapám Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko; Sochiapan Chinantec; Sochiapam Chinantec +9871,Upper West-Central Chinantec,,17.9184,-96.4074,usil1237,cuc,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. The most recent and accurate sources claim that there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cuc,jaú jm; jmiih kia' dzä jii'; Chinanteco del oeste central alto; Usila Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko +9872,Lower West-Central Chinantec,,17.904915,-96.527359,,,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. According to the most recent and accurate sources available, there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,threatened,ISO 639-3,cuc; cnt,jajmi dzä kï ï '; jejmei; jejmi; Chinanteco del oeste central bajo; Usila Chinantec; Tepetotutla Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko +9873,Central Chinantec,,17.949463,-96.167328,,,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. According to the most recent and accurate sources available, there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,cuc; cvn; csa; cle; cpa,jajme dzä mii; jmiih kia' dzä mii; Chinanteco Central; Usila Chinantec; Valle Nacional Chinantec; Chiltepec Chinantec; Lealao Chinantec; Palantla Chinantec; Chinantec; Chinanteco; Chinanteko +9874,Sierra Chinantec,,17.775007,-96.307712,,,"Some sources list up to 14 different Chinantec languages. According to the most recent and accurate sources available, there are 11 different Chinantec languages, with 20 different dialects. (INALI 2009)",MX,"Mexico, Central America, Caribbean",Otomanguean,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,chq; cco; cvn,jmiih dzä mo'; Chinanteco de la Sierra; Valle Nacional Chinantec; Quiotepec Chinantec; Comaltepec Chinantec +9909,Anakalangu,,-9.576376,119.586182,anak1240,akg,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,vulnerable,ISO 639-3,akg,Anakalang +9929,Mamboru,,-9.392161,119.533997,mamb1305,mvd,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,mvd,Mamboro; Memboro +9949,Wanukaka,,-9.744249,119.4104,wanu1241,wnk,,ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,endangered,ISO 639-3,wnk,Wanokaka +9950,Laboya,,-9.7,119.34,lamb1273,lmy,"The term Laboya (rather than Lamboya) is used by the people themselves to designate a territory, a language, and ethnic group. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,threatened,ISO 639-3,lmy,Lamboya +9969,Weyewa,,-9.552,119.165955,weje1237,wew,"While the dialect varieties listed are considered dialects of Weyewa, they are associated with groups of people who have different traditional cultures, clan systems, and sociolinguistics contexts. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",ID,Southeast Asia,Austronesian,at risk,ISO 639-3,wew,Wewewa; Wejewa; Waijewa; Wajewa; Wewjewa; Waidjewa; West Sumbanese; Veveva; West-Soembasch diff --git a/cldf/requirements.txt b/cldf/requirements.txt index 3ca57a4..7079779 100644 --- a/cldf/requirements.txt +++ b/cldf/requirements.txt @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ bs4==0.0.1 Cartopy==0.21.1 certifi==2022.12.7 cldfbench==1.13.0 --e git+https://github.com/cldf-datasets/elcat@3744f5a3f604b3f24638c93e1182ac7fd4d1452a#egg=cldfbench_elcat +-e git+https://github.com/cldf-datasets/elcat@fceed2a1df35e53d1d930044b6238a9d2f2a7ae0#egg=cldfbench_elcat cldfcatalog==1.5.1 cldfviz==0.12.0 cldfzenodo==1.1.0 diff --git a/cldf/sources.bib b/cldf/sources.bib index 8131fd5..b6c0697 100644 --- a/cldf/sources.bib +++ b/cldf/sources.bib @@ -3181,7 +3181,14 @@ @book{bib374 year = {2005} } -@book{bib375, +@misc{bib375, + author = {Akumbu, Pius W.}, + local_ids = {99461}, + title = {Personal Communication on Babanki}, + year = {2018} +} + +@book{bib376, author = {Alagoa, Ebiegbere Joe and Williamson, Kay [Ruth] [Margaret]}, publisher = {Dept. of History, Univ. of Jos}, series = {Jos oral history and literature texts, #4}, @@ -3189,7 +3196,7 @@ @book{bib375 year = {1981} } -@book{bib376, +@book{bib377, author = {Alagoa, Ebiegbere Joe}, pages = {137}, publisher = {Univ. of Port Harcourt Press}, @@ -3198,7 +3205,7 @@ @book{bib376 year = {1987} } -@article{bib377, +@article{bib378, author = {Alagoa, Ebiegbere Joe}, journal = {Research review from the Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ghana}, number = {1}, @@ -3208,7 +3215,7 @@ @article{bib377 year = {1968/69} } -@book{bib378, +@book{bib379, author = {Alagoa, Ebiegbere Joe}, pages = {173}, publisher = {Ibadan Univ. Press}, @@ -3216,7 +3223,7 @@ @book{bib378 year = {1964} } -@article{bib379, +@article{bib380, author = {Alagoa, Ebiegbere Joe}, journal = {African notes: bull. of the Inst. of African Studies, Univ. of Ibadan}, number = {1}, @@ -3226,14 +3233,14 @@ @article{bib379 year = {1968/69} } -@article{bib380, +@article{bib381, author = {Alan T. Walker NUSA, Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and in Indonesia, Languages}, journal = {Vol}, title = {Grammar of Sawu}, volume = {13} } -@article{bib381, +@article{bib382, author = {andLelia Ines Albarracin, Jorge R. Alderetes}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {92580}, @@ -3247,7 +3254,7 @@ @article{bib381 year = {2004} } -@article{bib382, +@article{bib383, author = {Aldazábal, Verónica Beatriz}, journal = {Amazonía Peruana}, number = {16}, @@ -3257,14 +3264,14 @@ @article{bib382 year = {1988} } -@book{bib383, +@book{bib384, author = {Alderetes, J. R.}, publisher = {Universidad Nacional de Tucumán}, title = {El Quechua del Santiago del Estero, gramática y vocabulario}, year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib384, +@incollection{bib385, author = {Alekseenko, Eugeniia A.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -3273,7 +3280,7 @@ @incollection{bib384 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib385, +@incollection{bib386, author = {Alekseev, Mikhail E.}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4}, @@ -3282,7 +3289,7 @@ @incollection{bib385 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib386, +@incollection{bib387, author = {Alekseev, Mikhail E.}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4}, @@ -3291,7 +3298,7 @@ @incollection{bib386 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib387, +@incollection{bib388, author = {Alekseev, M. E. and Radzhabov, R. N.}, editor = {Job, Michael}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus. Volume 3: The North East Caucasian Languages}, @@ -3299,7 +3306,7 @@ @incollection{bib387 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib388, +@incollection{bib389, author = {Alemany, Agustín}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -3309,7 +3316,7 @@ @incollection{bib388 year = {2002 [1927]} } -@incollection{bib389, +@incollection{bib390, author = {Alemany, Agustín}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -3319,7 +3326,7 @@ @incollection{bib389 year = {2002 [1927]} } -@book{bib390, +@book{bib391, author = {Alemayehu, Abebe}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {27804}, @@ -3332,14 +3339,14 @@ @book{bib390 year = {2001} } -@book{bib391, +@book{bib392, author = {Alexander, W. D.}, publisher = {Charles E. Tuttle Company}, title = {A short synopsis of the most essential poinst in Hawaiian grammar}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib392, +@book{bib393, author = {Alexander, W. D.}, address = {Rutland, Vermont}, publisher = {Charles E. Tuttle Company}, @@ -3347,20 +3354,20 @@ @book{bib392 year = {1968 [1871]} } -@book{bib393, +@book{bib394, author = {Alexander, W. D.}, publisher = {Charles E. Tuttle}, title = {Hawaiian Grammar}, year = {1968} } -@misc{bib394, +@misc{bib395, author = {Alexander-Bakkerus, Astrid}, title = {Eighteenth-century Cholón}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib395, +@incollection{bib396, author = {François, Alexandre and Franjieh, Michael and Lacrampe, Sebastien and and Schnell, Stefan}, editor = {François, Alexandre and Lacrampe, Sebastien and Franjieh, Michael and and Schnell, Stefan}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -3374,7 +3381,7 @@ @incollection{bib395 year = {2015} } -@article{bib396, +@article{bib397, author = {Alexidze, Zaza}, journal = {Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences}, number = {1}, @@ -3384,7 +3391,7 @@ @article{bib396 year = {2007} } -@article{bib397, +@article{bib398, author = {Alger, Abby Langdon}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {120}, @@ -3394,14 +3401,14 @@ @article{bib397 year = {1885} } -@book{bib398, +@book{bib399, author = {Alhoniemi, Alho}, publisher = {Buske}, title = {Grammatik des Tscheremissischen (Mari)}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib399, +@book{bib400, author = {Alhoniemi, Alho}, address = {Helsinki}, publisher = {Suomalais-ugrilainen seura}, @@ -3411,21 +3418,21 @@ @book{bib399 year = {1985} } -@book{bib400, +@book{bib401, author = {Alibèrt, L.}, publisher = {Centre d'Estudis Occitans}, title = {Grammatica occitana, segons los parlars lengadocians}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib401, +@book{bib402, author = {Alieva, Natalia F. and Thê, Bùi Khánh}, publisher = {Orientalia}, title = {The Cham Language. Spoken Idioms of the Eastern Dialect}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib402, +@incollection{bib403, author = {Alio, Khalil}, editor = {Takács, Gábor}, booktitle = {Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Afro-Asiatic) studies in memoriam W.~Vycichl Studies in Semitic languages and linguistics}, @@ -3436,7 +3443,7 @@ @incollection{bib402 year = {2004} } -@article{bib403, +@article{bib404, author = {Allen, Bryan}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, title = {Bai Dialect Survey}, @@ -3444,20 +3451,20 @@ @article{bib403 year = {2007} } -@book{bib404, +@book{bib405, author = {Allen, Nicholas Justin}, publisher = {Cornell University China-Japan Program}, title = {Sketch of Thulung Grammar}, year = {1975} } -@misc{bib405, +@misc{bib406, author = {Allen, Christine Anne}, title = {Studies in the phonology of Sele, the language of Santrokofi}, year = {1974} } -@article{bib406, +@article{bib407, author = {Allen, John Willoughby Tarleton}, journal = {Swahili}, number = {2}, @@ -3467,14 +3474,14 @@ @article{bib406 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib407, +@misc{bib408, author = {Alliance, Endangered Language}, title = {Judeo-Median}, url = {http://elalliance.org/languages/jewish/judeo-median-iran/}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib408, +@book{bib409, author = {Allibert, Claude}, pages = {392-393}, publisher = {National geographic research. (?)}, @@ -3482,7 +3489,7 @@ @book{bib408 year = {1989} } -@book{bib409, +@book{bib410, author = {Allin, Trevor R.}, address = {Horsleys Green}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -3490,14 +3497,14 @@ @book{bib409 year = {1975-1976} } -@book{bib410, +@book{bib411, author = {Allin, Trevor R.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of Resígaro}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib411, +@book{bib412, author = {Allin, T. R.}, pages = {250}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -3507,7 +3514,7 @@ @book{bib411 year = {1979} } -@book{bib412, +@book{bib413, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, pages = {190; 224}, publisher = {Dept. of History, Univ. of Liverpool}, @@ -3515,7 +3522,7 @@ @book{bib412 year = {1984} } -@article{bib413, +@article{bib414, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, journal = {Nouvelles annales des voyages, de la géographie et de l’histoire ou recueil des relations originales inédites}, pages = {75-112, 356-379}, @@ -3524,7 +3531,7 @@ @article{bib413 year = {1842} } -@book{bib414, +@book{bib415, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, pages = {xvi, 154, plates}, publisher = {Editorial LIAM(?)}, @@ -3532,7 +3539,7 @@ @book{bib414 year = {1964} } -@book{bib415, +@book{bib416, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, pages = {xvi, 108}, publisher = {Typografia Commercial Portuense}, @@ -3540,13 +3547,13 @@ @book{bib415 year = {1841} } -@misc{bib416, +@misc{bib417, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, title = {Tratado breve dos rios de Guiné do Cabo Verde: dês do Rio de Sanagá até os baixos de Santa Ana, de todas as naçoes de negros que há na dita costa, e de seus costumes, armas, trajos, juramentos, guerras}, year = {1594} } -@book{bib417, +@book{bib418, author = {Almada, André Álvares de}, pages = {164}, publisher = {Comemoraçoes dos Descobrimentos Portugueses; Grupo de Trabalho, Min. da Educação, Portugal}, @@ -3554,7 +3561,7 @@ @book{bib417 year = {1994} } -@article{bib418, +@article{bib419, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L. and Almanar., Alma E.}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics}, title = {Holle lists: vocabularies in languages of Indonesia Vol.10/2: Southern Sumatra}, @@ -3562,7 +3569,7 @@ @article{bib418 year = {1987} } -@phdthesis{bib419, +@phdthesis{bib420, author = {Alnet, Aimee Johansen}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {2595}, @@ -3571,13 +3578,13 @@ @phdthesis{bib419 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib420, +@misc{bib421, author = {Alonso, E.J.}, title = {Body metaphors in Delo}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib421, +@incollection{bib422, author = {Alpatov, Vladimir M. and Bugaeva, Anna Ju. and Nedjalkov, Vladimir P.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -3586,7 +3593,7 @@ @incollection{bib421 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib422, +@incollection{bib423, author = {Alpher, Barry}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Koch, Harold}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -3598,7 +3605,7 @@ @incollection{bib422 year = {2004} } -@phdthesis{bib423, +@phdthesis{bib424, author = {Alpher, Barry Jacob}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {7105}, @@ -3608,7 +3615,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib423 year = {1973} } -@book{bib424, +@book{bib425, author = {Alphonse, Ephraim S.}, address = {Washington, D. C.}, publisher = {United States Government Printing Office}, @@ -3618,7 +3625,7 @@ @book{bib424 year = {1956} } -@article{bib425, +@article{bib426, author = {Althabe, Gérard}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, number = {20}, @@ -3628,7 +3635,7 @@ @article{bib425 year = {1965} } -@article{bib426, +@article{bib427, author = {Althabe, Gérard}, journal = {Cahiers d'études africaines}, number = {20}, @@ -3638,7 +3645,7 @@ @article{bib426 year = {1965} } -@book{bib427, +@book{bib428, author = {Althaus, Gerhard}, pages = {430-435, 454-459}, publisher = {Evangelisch-lutherisches Missionsblatt. (?)}, @@ -3646,7 +3653,7 @@ @book{bib427 year = {1900} } -@book{bib428, +@book{bib429, author = {Althaus, Gerhard}, pages = {440-443, 449-453}, publisher = {Evangelisch-lutherisches Missionsblatt. (?)}, @@ -3654,21 +3661,21 @@ @book{bib428 year = {1894} } -@book{bib429, +@book{bib430, author = {Alton, Paula d’}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)}, title = {Le palor: esquisse phonologique et grammaticale d’une langue cangin du Sénégal suivi d’un lexique et de textes transcrits et traduits}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib430, +@book{bib431, author = {Alton, J. B.}, publisher = {Weger}, title = {L ladin dla Val Badia}, year = {1968} } -@article{bib431, +@article{bib432, author = {Alvarado, Lisandro}, journal = {De Re Indica}, number = {1}, @@ -3678,7 +3685,7 @@ @article{bib431 year = {1918} } -@book{bib432, +@book{bib433, author = {Alvarez, J.}, address = {Maracaibo}, publisher = {Secretaría de Cultura}, @@ -3686,7 +3693,7 @@ @book{bib432 year = {1994} } -@phdthesis{bib433, +@phdthesis{bib434, author = {Alvarez, Santiago Jaime Ruiz}, local_ids = {94640}, school = {University of Florida}, @@ -3695,7 +3702,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib433 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib434, +@incollection{bib435, author = {Alves, Mark J.}, editor = {Adams, Karen L. and Hudak, Thomas J.}, booktitle = {Papers from the Seventh Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society}, @@ -3704,7 +3711,7 @@ @incollection{bib434 year = {2003} } -@article{bib435, +@article{bib436, author = {Alves da Silva, A. Brüzzi}, journal = {XXXIX Congreso Internacional de Americanistas (Lima, 1970)}, pages = {155-164}, @@ -3713,14 +3720,14 @@ @article{bib435 year = {1972} } -@book{bib436, +@book{bib437, author = {Amaral, Amândio Coutinho and Martins, Maria Delgado}, publisher = {Editorial Caminho}, title = {Para uma gramática da língua gestual protuguesa}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib437, +@incollection{bib438, author = {Amargira, Adelino}, editor = {Abu-Manga, Al-Amin and Gilley, Leoma G. and Storch, Anne}, address = {Köln}, @@ -3733,7 +3740,7 @@ @incollection{bib437 year = {2006} } -@book{bib438, +@book{bib439, author = {Amaya, M. Trillos}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {CESO-CCELA, Universidad de los Andes}, @@ -3743,7 +3750,7 @@ @book{bib438 year = {1996} } -@book{bib439, +@book{bib440, author = {Amaya, Maria Trillos}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -3753,7 +3760,7 @@ @book{bib439 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib440, +@incollection{bib441, author = {Ambrose, Stanley Harmon}, editor = {Ehret, Christopher and Posnansky, Merrick}, booktitle = {The archaeological and linguistic reconstruction of African history}, @@ -3762,7 +3769,7 @@ @incollection{bib440 year = {1982} } -@article{bib441, +@article{bib442, author = {Ambrosetti, J. B.}, journal = {Anales de la Sociedad Científica de Argentina}, pages = {150-160}, @@ -3771,7 +3778,7 @@ @article{bib441 year = {1896} } -@article{bib442, +@article{bib443, author = {Jenkins, Susan Goddard and Amdahl, JoLynn Eller}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -3782,14 +3789,14 @@ @article{bib442 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib443, +@misc{bib444, author = {in America, Heritage Languages}, local_ids = {92643}, title = {Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Language Program}, url = {http://www.cal.org/heritage/profiles/programs/GrandRonde.html} } -@incollection{bib444, +@incollection{bib445, author = {Amery, Rob}, editor = {Leonard, Wesley Y. and Gardner, Stelómethet Ethel B.}, address = {Berkeley}, @@ -3801,7 +3808,7 @@ @incollection{bib444 year = {2004} } -@article{bib445, +@article{bib446, author = {Amery, Rob}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, pages = {409-429}, @@ -3810,14 +3817,14 @@ @article{bib445 year = {2014} } -@book{bib446, +@book{bib447, author = {An and 安子俊, Zijun and and 郎建蘭, Lang Jianlan}, publisher = {Gansu Ethnic Publishing House 甘肅民族出版社}, title = {漢語西部裕固語對照辭典 [Chinese-Yellow Uyghur Dictionary]}, year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib447, +@incollection{bib448, author = {Anbessa, Teferra}, editor = {Nicolaï, Robert and Rottland, Franz}, booktitle = {Actes du 5ème colloque de linguistique nilo-saharienne, 24-29 août 1992 / Proceedings of the 5th Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, August 24th-29th, 1992, Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA), #10}, @@ -3827,7 +3834,7 @@ @incollection{bib447 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib448, +@incollection{bib449, author = {Anbessa, Teferra and Unseth, Peter}, editor = {Bender, Marvin Lionel}, booktitle = {Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA), #3}, @@ -3837,13 +3844,13 @@ @incollection{bib448 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib449, +@misc{bib450, author = {Anceaux, J. C.}, title = {District Jafi-Jamas}, year = {n.d.} } -@article{bib450, +@article{bib451, author = {Anceaux, J. C.}, journal = {Nieuw-Guinea Studiën}, pages = {109-121}, @@ -3852,7 +3859,7 @@ @article{bib450 year = {1958} } -@book{bib451, +@book{bib452, author = {Andersen, Torben}, address = {Denmark}, publisher = {University Centre of Aalborg}, @@ -3860,7 +3867,7 @@ @book{bib451 year = {1981} } -@article{bib452, +@article{bib453, author = {Andersen, Torben}, journal = {Studies in language}, number = {3}, @@ -3870,7 +3877,7 @@ @article{bib452 year = {1999} } -@article{bib453, +@article{bib454, author = {Andersen, Torben}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -3880,7 +3887,7 @@ @article{bib453 year = {1992} } -@article{bib454, +@article{bib455, author = {Andersen, T. David}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {143-166}, @@ -3889,7 +3896,7 @@ @article{bib454 year = {1991} } -@article{bib455, +@article{bib456, author = {Andersen, Torben}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -3899,7 +3906,7 @@ @article{bib455 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib456, +@incollection{bib457, author = {Andersen, Torben}, editor = {Cyffer, Norbert}, booktitle = {Trends in Nilo-Saharan linguistics: proceedings of the 7th Nilo-Saharan linguistics conference, Vienna, Austria, 2-6 September, 1998 Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA)}, @@ -3908,14 +3915,14 @@ @incollection{bib456 year = {200x} } -@misc{bib457, +@misc{bib458, author = {Andersen, Øystein Lund}, pages = {75}, title = {The Lepki People of Sogber [sic!] River, New Guinea}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib458, +@article{bib459, author = {Andersen, Torben}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -3925,7 +3932,7 @@ @article{bib458 year = {1999} } -@article{bib459, +@article{bib460, author = {Anderson, V. B. and Maddieson, Ian}, journal = {UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics}, pages = {131-162}, @@ -3934,7 +3941,7 @@ @article{bib459 year = {1994} } -@book{bib460, +@book{bib461, author = {Anderson, Heidi and Krüger, Susanne}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {28553}, @@ -3945,7 +3952,7 @@ @book{bib460 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib461, +@incollection{bib462, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, editor = {Kaye, Alan S.}, booktitle = {Phonologies of Asia and Africa 2}, @@ -3954,7 +3961,7 @@ @incollection{bib461 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib462, +@incollection{bib463, author = {Anderson, Loretta and Wise, Mary Ruth}, booktitle = {Studies in Peruvian Indian languages 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, pages = {67-102}, @@ -3965,7 +3972,7 @@ @incollection{bib462 year = {1963} } -@book{bib463, +@book{bib464, author = {Anderson, Doris}, pages = {402}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -3973,7 +3980,7 @@ @book{bib463 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib464, +@incollection{bib465, author = {Bond, O. and Anderson, G. D. S.}, editor = {Cover, Robecca T. and Kim, Yuni}, address = {Berkeley}, @@ -3986,7 +3993,7 @@ @incollection{bib464 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib465, +@incollection{bib466, author = {Anderson, Gregory}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -3995,7 +4002,16 @@ @incollection{bib465 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib466, +@incollection{bib467, + author = {Anderson, Stephen}, + editor = {Cook, Eung-Do and Gerdts, Donna}, + booktitle = {Syntax and semantics. Volume 16: The syntax of Native American Languages}, + pages = {21-75}, + title = {Kwakwala syntax and the government and binding theory}, + year = {1984} +} + +@misc{bib468, author = {Anderson, Gregory}, howpublished = {Personal Communication}, local_ids = {89541}, @@ -4003,14 +4019,21 @@ @misc{bib466 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib467, +@misc{bib469, + author = {Anderson, Gregory}, + local_ids = {99714}, + title = {Personal Communication on Badugu}, + year = {2023} +} + +@misc{bib470, author = {Anderson, Gregory}, local_ids = {99317}, title = {Personal Communication on Tangkhul Naga}, year = {2016} } -@misc{bib468, +@misc{bib471, author = {Anderson, Toby}, local_ids = {92940}, month = {March 13}, @@ -4019,7 +4042,7 @@ @misc{bib468 year = {2013} } -@article{bib469, +@article{bib472, author = {Anderson, G. D. S. and Murmu, G.}, journal = {Indian Linguistics}, local_ids = {98073}, @@ -4029,7 +4052,7 @@ @article{bib469 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib470, +@incollection{bib473, author = {Anderson, [Capt.]}, editor = {Balfour, Andrew}, booktitle = {Fourth report of the Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories}, @@ -4037,14 +4060,14 @@ @incollection{bib470 year = {1911} } -@book{bib471, +@book{bib474, author = {Anderson, John}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The grammar of names}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib472, +@book{bib475, author = {Anderson, Doris G.}, pages = {402}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -4055,7 +4078,7 @@ @book{bib472 year = {1980} } -@article{bib473, +@article{bib476, author = {Anderson, L.}, journal = {Serie Linguistica Especial do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro}, pages = {79-119}, @@ -4064,7 +4087,7 @@ @article{bib473 year = {1959} } -@article{bib474, +@article{bib477, author = {Anderson, Lambert}, journal = {Tradición}, number = {21}, @@ -4074,7 +4097,7 @@ @article{bib474 year = {1958} } -@book{bib475, +@book{bib478, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -4084,7 +4107,7 @@ @book{bib475 year = {1998} } -@book{bib476, +@book{bib479, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, pages = {xxiii, 365}, publisher = {Almqvist & Wiksell}, @@ -4093,7 +4116,7 @@ @book{bib476 year = {1953} } -@book{bib477, +@book{bib480, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, pages = {xxiii, 212}, publisher = {Almqvist & Wiksell}, @@ -4103,7 +4126,7 @@ @book{bib477 year = {1974} } -@book{bib478, +@book{bib481, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, pages = {225}, publisher = {Almqvist & Wiksell}, @@ -4113,7 +4136,7 @@ @book{bib478 year = {1990} } -@book{bib479, +@book{bib482, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, pages = {164}, publisher = {Almqvist & Wiksell}, @@ -4122,7 +4145,7 @@ @book{bib479 year = {1987} } -@book{bib480, +@book{bib483, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, pages = {75}, publisher = {Almqvist & Wiksell}, @@ -4132,7 +4155,7 @@ @book{bib480 year = {1991} } -@article{bib481, +@article{bib484, author = {Andersson, Charles J.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London}, pages = {79-107}, @@ -4141,7 +4164,7 @@ @article{bib481 year = {1855} } -@incollection{bib482, +@incollection{bib485, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar}, editor = {Källström, Roger and Ralph, Bo}, booktitle = {Till Rune från oss}, @@ -4150,7 +4173,7 @@ @incollection{bib482 year = {1992} } -@book{bib483, +@book{bib486, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, address = {Uppsala}, pages = {128}, @@ -4161,7 +4184,7 @@ @book{bib483 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib484, +@incollection{bib487, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Janson, Tore}, address = {Gaborone}, booktitle = {Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa}, @@ -4173,7 +4196,7 @@ @incollection{bib484 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib485, +@incollection{bib488, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Janson, Tore}, address = {Gaborone}, booktitle = {Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa}, @@ -4185,7 +4208,7 @@ @incollection{bib485 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib486, +@incollection{bib489, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Janson, Tore}, address = {Gaborone}, booktitle = {Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa}, @@ -4197,7 +4220,7 @@ @incollection{bib486 year = {1997} } -@article{bib487, +@article{bib490, author = {Andersson, Efraim}, journal = {Ethnos}, pages = {5-39}, @@ -4206,19 +4229,19 @@ @article{bib487 year = {1972} } -@misc{bib488, +@misc{bib491, author = {Anderton, Alice Jean}, title = {The language of the Kitanemuks of California}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib489, +@misc{bib492, author = {Anderton, A.}, title = {The Sounds of Cacua, based on data collected by the Summer Institute of Linguistics}, year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib490, +@incollection{bib493, author = {Andrade, Manuel J.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian Languages 3 Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin}, @@ -4229,27 +4252,27 @@ @incollection{bib490 year = {1933} } -@book{bib491, +@book{bib494, author = {Andrade, Manuel J.}, publisher = {Columbia University Press}, title = {Quileute Texts}, year = {1931} } -@misc{bib492, +@misc{bib495, author = {Andretta, Elizabeth Hain}, title = {A reconsideration of the basis of group cohesion among the Murle of the southern Sudan}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib493, +@book{bib496, author = {Andrés, Domingo and Dakin, Karen and Juan, José and López, Leandro and Peñalosa, Fernando}, publisher = {Ediciones Yax Te'}, title = {Diccionario Akateko-Español}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib494, +@article{bib497, author = {Anduze, Pablo}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {155-167}, @@ -4258,7 +4281,7 @@ @article{bib494 year = {1963} } -@incollection{bib495, +@incollection{bib498, author = {Angel Meléndez, Miguel}, editor = {Meléndez Lozano, Miguel Ángel and Ortiz, Nubia Tobar}, booktitle = {Lenguas de la Orinoquıa. Lenguas Aborıgenes de Colombia. Descripciones 4}, @@ -4267,7 +4290,7 @@ @incollection{bib495 year = {1989} } -@article{bib496, +@article{bib499, author = {Anjos, Zoraide dos}, journal = {LIAMES}, local_ids = {98255}, @@ -4278,7 +4301,7 @@ @article{bib496 year = {2011} } -@article{bib497, +@article{bib500, author = {Anonby, Stan}, journal = {Journal of Language Survey Reports}, title = {A report on the creoles of Amapa}, @@ -4286,19 +4309,19 @@ @article{bib497 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib498, +@misc{bib501, author = {Anonby, Stan}, title = {A Report on the Irantxe and Myky}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib499, +@misc{bib502, author = {Anonby, Stan and Anonby, Sandy}, title = {A Report on Three Arauan Speech Varieties (Jamamadi, Jarawara, and Banawá) of the Amazon}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib500, +@book{bib503, author = {Anonby and Stan and and Holbrook, David J.}, local_ids = {98262}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -4308,7 +4331,7 @@ @book{bib500 year = {2010} } -@article{bib501, +@article{bib504, author = {Anonby, Erik John}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, local_ids = {88880}, @@ -4320,13 +4343,13 @@ @article{bib501 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib502, +@misc{bib505, author = {Anonby, Stan}, title = {Language Use on the Tubarão-Latundê Reserve, Rondônia, Brazil}, year = {2009} } -@phdthesis{bib503, +@phdthesis{bib506, author = {Anonby, Erik John}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {28792}, @@ -4336,7 +4359,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib503 year = {2008} } -@article{bib504, +@article{bib507, author = {Anonby, Erik}, journal = {Orientalia Suecana}, local_ids = {96620}, @@ -4348,20 +4371,20 @@ @article{bib504 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib505, +@misc{bib508, author = {Nourzaei, Maryam and Jahani, Carina and Anonby, Erik}, local_ids = {98115}, title = {The Korosh and Their Language}, url = {http://www.lingfil.uu.se/digitalAssets/73/73090_3korosh2-dec.pdf} } -@misc{bib506, +@misc{bib509, author = {Nourzaei, Maryam and Jahani, Carina and Anonby, Erik}, title = {The Korosh and Their Language}, url = {http://www.lingfil.uu.se/digitalAssets/73/73090_3korosh2-dec.pdf} } -@article{bib507, +@article{bib510, author = {Anonymous Chakasskij Naucno-Issledovatel'skij Institut Jazyka, Literatury i Istorii}, journal = {Gosudarstvennoe Izdat}, title = {Russko-chakasskij slovar'}, @@ -4369,7 +4392,7 @@ @article{bib507 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib508, +@misc{bib511, author = {Ansaldo, Umberto}, local_ids = {88118}, title = {"Sri Lanka Malay" DoBES project}, @@ -4377,7 +4400,7 @@ @misc{bib508 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib509, +@incollection{bib512, author = {Ansaldo, Umberto}, editor = {Harrison, K. David and Rood, David S. and and Dwyer, Arienne}, booktitle = {Lessons from Documented Endangered Languages}, @@ -4386,7 +4409,7 @@ @incollection{bib509 year = {2008} } -@book{bib510, +@book{bib513, author = {Ansari, S.A.}, address = {Delhi}, local_ids = {96860}, @@ -4395,7 +4418,7 @@ @book{bib510 year = {1986} } -@article{bib511, +@article{bib514, author = {Antisdel, C. B.}, journal = {Burma Research Society's Journal}, number = {1}, @@ -4405,14 +4428,14 @@ @article{bib511 year = {1911} } -@book{bib512, +@book{bib515, author = {Antoine, Francesca and Bird, Catherine and Isaac, Agnes and Prince, Nellie and Sam, Sally and Walker, Richard and Wilkinson, David B.}, publisher = {Carrier Linguistic Committee}, title = {Central Carrier Bilingual Dictionary}, year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib513, +@incollection{bib516, author = {Bazán, Rodríguez and Antonio, Luis}, editor = {Queixalós, F. and Renault-Lescure, O.}, booktitle = {As Línguas Amazônicas Hoje/Las Lenguas Amazonicas Hoy/Les Langues d'Amazonie aujourd'hui/The Amazonian Languages Today}, @@ -4421,7 +4444,7 @@ @incollection{bib513 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib514, +@incollection{bib517, author = {Aoi, Hayato}, editor = {Heinrich and P. and Miyara and S. and and Shimoji, M.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -4433,7 +4456,7 @@ @incollection{bib514 year = {2015} } -@book{bib515, +@book{bib518, author = {Aoki, Haruo}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -4442,7 +4465,7 @@ @book{bib515 year = {1994} } -@book{bib516, +@book{bib519, author = {Aoki, Haruo}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -4452,7 +4475,7 @@ @book{bib516 year = {1970} } -@book{bib517, +@book{bib520, author = {Aoki, Haruo}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -4461,7 +4484,7 @@ @book{bib517 year = {1973} } -@article{bib518, +@article{bib521, author = {Appleyard, D. L.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, @@ -4472,7 +4495,7 @@ @article{bib518 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib519, +@incollection{bib522, author = {Appleyard, David L.}, editor = {Brenzinger, M.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -4485,7 +4508,7 @@ @incollection{bib519 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib520, +@incollection{bib523, author = {Appleyard, D. L.}, editor = {Mukarovsky, Hans}, address = {Wien}, @@ -4497,7 +4520,7 @@ @incollection{bib520 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib521, +@incollection{bib524, author = {Appleyard, David L.}, editor = {Bynon, J.}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -4509,7 +4532,7 @@ @incollection{bib521 year = {1984} } -@article{bib522, +@article{bib525, author = {Appleyard, David L.}, journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society}, pages = {202-219}, @@ -4518,7 +4541,7 @@ @article{bib522 year = {1984} } -@book{bib523, +@book{bib526, author = {Anderbeck, Karl and Aprilani, Herdian}, address = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports. Dallas}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -4526,7 +4549,7 @@ @book{bib523 year = {2012} } -@phdthesis{bib524, +@phdthesis{bib527, author = {Aragon, Carolina Coelho}, institution = {Department of Linguistics}, local_ids = {98199}, @@ -4536,7 +4559,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib524 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib525, +@misc{bib528, author = {Aragon, Carolina C.}, local_ids = {24879}, note = {In December 2010, Ururu (the oldest Akuntsú) passed away. Today the ethinic group (and speakers) consists of 5 people.}, @@ -4544,7 +4567,7 @@ @misc{bib525 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib526, +@misc{bib529, author = {Aragon, Carolina Coelho}, local_ids = {24827}, title = {"Linguistic and Ethnographic documentation of Akuntsú" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -4552,14 +4575,14 @@ @misc{bib526 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib527, +@misc{bib530, author = {Aragon, Carolina}, local_ids = {99482}, title = {Personal Communication on Akuntsu}, year = {2019} } -@book{bib528, +@book{bib531, author = {Arauz, Prospero}, address = {San Salvador, El Salvador}, pages = {268}, @@ -4568,7 +4591,7 @@ @book{bib528 year = {1960} } -@article{bib529, +@article{bib532, author = {Arauz, Próspero}, journal = {Revista de etnologia, arqueologia y linguistica}, pages = {211-212}, @@ -4577,7 +4600,7 @@ @article{bib529 year = {1926} } -@book{bib530, +@book{bib533, author = {Arauz, Prospero}, address = {San Salvador, El Salvador}, pages = {160}, @@ -4586,7 +4609,7 @@ @book{bib530 year = {1937} } -@incollection{bib531, +@incollection{bib534, author = {Arcand, Bernard}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -4595,7 +4618,7 @@ @incollection{bib531 year = {1999} } -@book{bib532, +@book{bib535, author = {Arcila Robledo, Gregorio}, pages = {50-59}, publisher = {Estudio Documental Bogotá: Imprenta Nacional}, @@ -4603,13 +4626,13 @@ @book{bib532 year = {1951} } -@misc{bib533, +@misc{bib536, author = {Arden, Michelle J.}, title = {A phonetic, phonological, and morphosyntactic analysis of the Mara language}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib534, +@book{bib537, author = {Ardener, Edwin W.}, pages = {viii, 116}, publisher = {International African Inst. (IAI)}, @@ -4618,7 +4641,7 @@ @book{bib534 year = {1956} } -@article{bib535, +@article{bib538, author = {Ardila, Olga}, journal = {UniverSOS}, local_ids = {98335 98399}, @@ -4628,7 +4651,7 @@ @article{bib535 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib536, +@incollection{bib539, author = {Ardila, Olga}, address = {Bogotá}, booktitle = {II Congreso del CCELA, Villeta (Cundinamarca), Noviembre 1991: Temas fonologicos; Sintaxis de la predicacion; Espacio, tiempo y modalidad Lenguas aborígenes de Colombia: Memorias}, @@ -4639,13 +4662,13 @@ @incollection{bib536 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib537, +@misc{bib540, author = {Arensen, Jon[athan] Edward}, title = {Aspects of language and society among the Murle of Sudan}, year = {1991} } -@book{bib538, +@book{bib541, author = {Arensen, Jonathan E.}, address = {Dallas}, pages = {xvii, 362}, @@ -4656,7 +4679,7 @@ @book{bib538 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib539, +@incollection{bib542, author = {Arensen, Jonathan E.}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and Last, Marco}, address = {Köln}, @@ -4669,7 +4692,7 @@ @incollection{bib539 year = {1998} } -@book{bib540, +@book{bib543, author = {Arensen, Jon}, address = {Juba, Sudan}, pages = {xiv, 143}, @@ -4680,7 +4703,7 @@ @book{bib540 year = {1982} } -@article{bib541, +@article{bib544, author = {Arensen, Jon[athan] Edward}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Soc. of Oxford}, number = {2}, @@ -4690,7 +4713,7 @@ @article{bib541 year = {1988} } -@article{bib542, +@article{bib545, author = {Arensen, Jon[athan] Edward}, journal = {Occasional papers in the study of Sudanese languages}, pages = {67-76}, @@ -4699,7 +4722,7 @@ @article{bib542 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib543, +@incollection{bib546, author = {Arinterol, B.}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -4710,7 +4733,7 @@ @incollection{bib543 year = {2000} } -@book{bib544, +@book{bib547, author = {Ariste, Paul}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University}, @@ -4720,7 +4743,7 @@ @book{bib544 year = {1968} } -@book{bib545, +@book{bib548, author = {Ariste, Paul}, publisher = {Indiana University Press and Mouton}, series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -4729,7 +4752,7 @@ @book{bib545 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib546, +@incollection{bib549, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference of the Australian Linguistic Society}, local_ids = {94260}, @@ -4738,7 +4761,7 @@ @incollection{bib546 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib547, +@misc{bib550, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, local_ids = {24738}, title = {"Documenting Rongga" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -4746,7 +4769,7 @@ @misc{bib547 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib548, +@incollection{bib551, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, editor = {Florey, Margaret}, booktitle = {Endangered Languages of Austronesia}, @@ -4758,7 +4781,7 @@ @incollection{bib548 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib549, +@incollection{bib552, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, editor = {Butt, Miriam and King, Tracy Holloway}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the LFG13 Conference}, @@ -4767,14 +4790,14 @@ @incollection{bib549 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib550, +@misc{bib553, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, local_ids = {89600}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib551, +@incollection{bib554, author = {Arka, I Wayan}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas and Klamer, Marian}, address = {Honolulu}, @@ -4787,13 +4810,13 @@ @incollection{bib551 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib552, +@misc{bib555, author = {Arkell, Anthony John}, title = {Unpublished materials on Maba, Masalit, Aiki, Mimi/Mututu}, year = {1930s} } -@incollection{bib553, +@incollection{bib556, author = {Arlet, Stanislas}, address = {Paris}, booktitle = {Lettres édifiants et curieuses Mémoires d'Amérique}, @@ -4804,14 +4827,14 @@ @incollection{bib553 year = {1781} } -@misc{bib554, +@misc{bib557, author = {Arlund, Pamela S.}, title = {An Acoustic, Historical, And Developmental Analysis Of Sarikol Tajik Diphthongs}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10106/438}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib555, +@book{bib558, author = {Robinson, Lila Wistrand and Armagost, James}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -4820,7 +4843,7 @@ @book{bib555 year = {1990} } -@article{bib556, +@article{bib559, author = {Armentia, N.}, journal = {Boletín de la Sociedad Geográfica de la Paz}, number = {1}, @@ -4830,7 +4853,7 @@ @article{bib556 year = {1898} } -@book{bib557, +@book{bib560, author = {Arnold, Werner}, address = {Wiesbaden}, local_ids = {93220}, @@ -4841,7 +4864,7 @@ @book{bib557 year = {1989} } -@article{bib558, +@article{bib561, author = {Arnold, Laura}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -4856,7 +4879,7 @@ @article{bib558 year = {2020} } -@book{bib559, +@book{bib562, author = {Arokianathan, S.}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, series = {CIIL grammar series}, @@ -4865,7 +4888,7 @@ @book{bib559 year = {1987} } -@book{bib560, +@book{bib563, author = {Aronoff, Mark}, publisher = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press}, series = {Linguistic Inquiry Monograph}, @@ -4874,7 +4897,7 @@ @book{bib560 year = {1994} } -@article{bib561, +@article{bib564, author = {Sandler, Wendy and Meir, Irit and Padden, Carol and Aronoff, Mark}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, local_ids = {96284}, @@ -4886,14 +4909,14 @@ @article{bib561 year = {2005} } -@book{bib562, +@book{bib565, author = {Arroyo, Victor Manuel}, publisher = {Editorial Universitaria Centroamericana}, title = {Lenguas Indigenas Costarricenses}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib563, +@incollection{bib566, author = {Arsanis, G. V.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tungusko-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -4902,14 +4925,14 @@ @incollection{bib563 year = {1968} } -@misc{bib564, +@misc{bib567, author = {Arslan, İlyas}, title = {Verbfunktionalität und Ergativität in der Zaza Sprache}, url = {http://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DerivateServlet/Derivate-39270/Arslan_Dissertation_Submit_Bib_A1.pdf}, year = {2016} } -@incollection{bib565, +@incollection{bib568, author = {Arslanov, L. S.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -4918,7 +4941,7 @@ @incollection{bib565 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib566, +@incollection{bib569, author = {Arslanov, L. S.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -4927,7 +4950,7 @@ @incollection{bib566 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib567, +@incollection{bib570, author = {Arslanov, L. S.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -4936,35 +4959,35 @@ @incollection{bib567 year = {1997} } -@book{bib568, +@book{bib571, author = {Arzápalo, Ramón}, publisher = {Wilhelm Fink}, title = {Das Pronominalsystem des Yukatekischen}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib569, +@book{bib572, author = {Asai, Erin}, publisher = {Kanazawa University-Cercle Linguistique de Kanazawa}, title = {The Sedik Language of Formosa}, year = {1953} } -@book{bib570, +@book{bib573, author = {Aschmann, Herman Pedro}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario totonaco de Papantla, Veracruz}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib571, +@book{bib574, author = {Aschmann, Richard P.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas, Arlington}, title = {Proto-Witotoan}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib572, +@article{bib575, author = {Aschmann, Herman Pedro}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {34-43}, @@ -4973,14 +4996,14 @@ @article{bib572 year = {1946} } -@book{bib573, +@book{bib576, author = {Aschmann, Herman Pedro}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Totonaco de la Sierra}, year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib574, +@incollection{bib577, author = {Ash, Anna; Pauline Hooler; Gary Williams; and Walker, Ken}, editor = {Hobson, John; Kevin Lowe; Susan Poetsch; and Walsh, Michael}, address = {Sydney}, @@ -4993,13 +5016,13 @@ @incollection{bib574 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib575, +@misc{bib578, author = {Ashirvadam, K.}, title = {The Structure of Didayi, an Austro-Asiatic language}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib576, +@misc{bib579, author = {Ashmore, Louise}, local_ids = {24547}, title = {"A pan-dialectal documentation of Wik-Ngathan and Wik-Ngatharr: Cape York Peninsula, Australia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -5007,7 +5030,7 @@ @misc{bib576 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib577, +@incollection{bib580, author = {Aso, Rieko}, editor = {Heinrich and P. and Miyara and S. and and Shimoji, M.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -5019,13 +5042,13 @@ @incollection{bib577 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib578, +@misc{bib581, author = {Asobo, Irene Swiri}, title = {The noun class system of Kole}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib579, +@article{bib582, author = {Assam, Blanche Nyangone and Mavoungou, Paul Achille}, journal = {Lexikos}, pages = {252-274}, @@ -5034,21 +5057,21 @@ @article{bib579 year = {2000} } -@book{bib580, +@book{bib583, author = {Association, Tea Districts Labour}, publisher = {Calcutta}, title = {Language Hand-Book: Savara}, year = {1927} } -@book{bib581, +@book{bib584, author = {Astorga, Pedro Romero}, publisher = {Dirección General de Educación Indígena de la Subsecretaría de Educación Básica y Normal de la Secretaría de Educación Pública}, title = {Knoíki íitom: lengua seri de Sonora, primer ciclo, parte 1}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib582, +@article{bib585, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Herrera, F. Xavier Moreno and Astorga, Genaro G. Herrera}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, number = {1}, @@ -5058,14 +5081,14 @@ @article{bib582 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib583, +@incollection{bib586, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Herrera, F. Xavier Moreno and Astorga, Genaro G. Herrera}, booktitle = {Ilustraciones fonéticas de lenguas amerindias SIL and Universidad Ricardo Palma}, title = {Seri}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib584, +@book{bib587, author = {Atienza, Ángel Cayo}, address = {Vervuert}, publisher = {Iberoamericana}, @@ -5073,14 +5096,14 @@ @book{bib584 year = {2002} } -@book{bib585, +@book{bib588, author = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, publisher = {CASAS (Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society) occasional papers, #14}, title = {Accounting for prenasals in Bantu languages of Zone A}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib586, +@article{bib589, author = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, journal = {African study monographs}, number = {4}, @@ -5090,7 +5113,7 @@ @article{bib586 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib587, +@misc{bib590, author = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, howpublished = {Endangered Language Fund grant abstract}, local_ids = {88200}, @@ -5099,13 +5122,13 @@ @misc{bib587 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib588, +@misc{bib591, author = {Atindogbe, Gratien Gualbert}, title = {Esquisse phonologique du bankon, dialecte lombe}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib589, +@book{bib592, author = {Atkinson, Sharon}, address = {Shepparton}, local_ids = {98845}, @@ -5114,7 +5137,7 @@ @book{bib589 url = {http://www.kaielainstitute.org.au/yalcha-loitchba.html} } -@book{bib590, +@book{bib593, author = {Atknine, Victor}, pages = {109-121}, publisher = {Problems of Survival Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology}, @@ -5122,7 +5145,7 @@ @book{bib590 year = {1997} } -@article{bib591, +@article{bib594, author = {Zhuoma, Renqing and Atshogs, Yeshes Vodgsal}, journal = {Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)}, number = {5}, @@ -5132,7 +5155,7 @@ @article{bib591 year = {2014} } -@book{bib592, +@book{bib595, author = {Augusta, Félix José de}, pages = {IX, 408 S.}, publisher = {J. Lampert}, @@ -5140,7 +5163,7 @@ @book{bib592 year = {1903} } -@article{bib593, +@article{bib596, author = {Austen, Leo}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {342-349}, @@ -5149,13 +5172,13 @@ @article{bib593 year = {1936} } -@misc{bib594, +@misc{bib597, author = {Austerlitz, R.}, title = {Class handouts on Gilyak/Nivkh}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib595, +@book{bib598, author = {Austerlitz, R.}, publisher = {Bell and Howell}, series = {Research and Studies in Uralic and Altaic languages}, @@ -5164,7 +5187,7 @@ @book{bib595 year = {1964} } -@article{bib596, +@article{bib599, author = {Austin, P.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {LaTrobe Working Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -5176,7 +5199,7 @@ @article{bib596 year = {1988} } -@book{bib597, +@book{bib600, author = {Austin, Peter}, address = {Bundoora}, local_ids = {93602}, @@ -5185,7 +5208,7 @@ @book{bib597 year = {1992} } -@book{bib598, +@book{bib601, author = {Austin, Peter}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, @@ -5194,13 +5217,13 @@ @book{bib598 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib599, +@misc{bib602, author = {Austin, Peter}, title = {A Grammar of the Diyari Language of North-East South Australia}, year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib600, +@incollection{bib603, author = {Austin, Peter}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -5209,7 +5232,7 @@ @incollection{bib600 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib601, +@incollection{bib604, author = {Austin, Peter}, editor = {Brown, Keith}, booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics}, @@ -5218,7 +5241,7 @@ @incollection{bib601 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib602, +@incollection{bib605, author = {Austin, Peter}, editor = {Brown, Keith}, booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics}, @@ -5227,14 +5250,14 @@ @incollection{bib602 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib603, +@misc{bib606, author = {Austin, Peter and Nathan, D.}, title = {Kamilaroi/ Gamilaraay Web Dictionary}, url = {http://coombs.anu.edu.au/WWWVLPages/AborigPages/LANG/GAMDICT/GAMDICT.HTM.}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib604, +@misc{bib607, author = {Austin, Peter}, local_ids = {89141}, title = {Malyangapa}, @@ -5242,7 +5265,7 @@ @misc{bib604 year = {2003} } -@book{bib605, +@book{bib608, author = {Austin, Peter}, isbn = {9780520255609}, local_ids = {88398}, @@ -5251,7 +5274,7 @@ @book{bib605 year = {2008} } -@article{bib606, +@article{bib609, author = {Austin, Peter}, journal = {The Guardian}, local_ids = {88618}, @@ -5261,7 +5284,7 @@ @article{bib606 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib607, +@incollection{bib610, author = {Austin, Peter K.}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Evans, Bethwyn and Miceli, Luisa}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -5273,7 +5296,7 @@ @incollection{bib607 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib608, +@incollection{bib611, author = {Austin, Peter}, editor = {Austin, Peter and Dixon, R. M. W. and Dutton, Tom and White, Isobel}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -5285,7 +5308,7 @@ @incollection{bib608 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib609, +@incollection{bib612, author = {Austin, W.}, editor = {Poppe, N.}, booktitle = {American Studies in Altaic Linguistics Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -5296,7 +5319,7 @@ @incollection{bib609 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib610, +@incollection{bib613, author = {Hercus, Luise A. and Austin, Peter}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Koch, Harold}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -5310,7 +5333,7 @@ @incollection{bib610 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib611, +@incollection{bib614, author = {Authier, Gilles}, booktitle = {Grammaire Kryz: Langue Caucasique d'Azerbaidjan, Dialecte d'Alik}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -5321,7 +5344,7 @@ @incollection{bib611 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib612, +@incollection{bib615, author = {Authier, Gilles}, editor = {Bril, Isabelle}, booktitle = {Clause Linking and Clause Hierarchy: Syntax and pragmatics}, @@ -5338,7 +5361,7 @@ @incollection{bib612 year = {2010} } -@article{bib613, +@article{bib616, author = {Authier, Gilles}, journal = {Reihe Beiträge zur Iranistik}, title = {Grammaire juhuri, ou judéo-tat, langue iranienne des Juifs du Caucase de l’est}, @@ -5346,7 +5369,7 @@ @article{bib613 year = {2012} } -@article{bib614, +@article{bib617, author = {Avelot, Réné Antoine}, journal = {Bull. de géographie historique et descriptive}, pages = {357-412}, @@ -5355,7 +5378,7 @@ @article{bib614 year = {1905} } -@article{bib615, +@article{bib618, author = {Avendaño, Carlos Sánchez}, isbn = {2215-2636}, journal = {Artes y Letras}, @@ -5367,7 +5390,7 @@ @article{bib615 year = {2013} } -@article{bib616, +@article{bib619, author = {Avila, Eddie}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Rising Voices}, @@ -5378,14 +5401,14 @@ @article{bib616 year = {2012} } -@book{bib617, +@book{bib620, author = {Avrorin, Valentin Aleksandrovich}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, Leningradskoe otdelenie}, title = {Grammatika nanajskogo jazyka}, year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib618, +@incollection{bib621, author = {Avrorin, Valentin Aleksandrovich}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -5394,7 +5417,7 @@ @incollection{bib618 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib619, +@incollection{bib622, author = {Avrorin, Valentin Aleksandrovich and Lebedeva, E. P.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -5403,7 +5426,7 @@ @incollection{bib619 year = {1968} } -@article{bib620, +@article{bib623, author = {Awan, Mechek Sampar}, isbn = {ISSN 1544-7502}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics}, @@ -5417,7 +5440,7 @@ @article{bib620 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib621, +@incollection{bib624, author = {Awbery, Gwenllian}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -5426,20 +5449,20 @@ @incollection{bib621 year = {2009} } -@book{bib622, +@book{bib625, author = {Aymonier, Étienne}, publisher = {Imprimerie Coloniale}, title = {Grammaire de la langue chame}, year = {1889} } -@misc{bib623, +@misc{bib626, author = {Ayot, Henry Okello}, title = {A history of the Luo-Abasuba of western Kenya from AD 1760-1940}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib624, +@book{bib627, author = {Ayot, Henry Okello}, pages = {xvi, 214}, publisher = {Kenya Literature Bureau}, @@ -5447,7 +5470,7 @@ @book{bib624 year = {1979} } -@article{bib625, +@article{bib628, author = {Ayotte, Charlene and Ayotte, Michael}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -5458,7 +5481,7 @@ @article{bib625 year = {2002} } -@article{bib626, +@article{bib629, author = {Ayotte, Charlene and Ayotte, Michael}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Online report}, @@ -5471,7 +5494,7 @@ @article{bib626 year = {2002} } -@book{bib627, +@book{bib630, author = {Aza, José Pio}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Imprenta Americana}, @@ -5479,7 +5502,7 @@ @book{bib627 year = {1928} } -@book{bib628, +@book{bib631, author = {B-, Pedro J. Krisólogo}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Centro de lenguas Indigenas, Instituto de Investigaciones Historicas, Universidad Católica "Andr'es Bello"}, @@ -5487,7 +5510,7 @@ @book{bib628 year = {1976} } -@book{bib629, +@book{bib632, author = {Baart, Joan L. G.}, pages = {xvi+198}, publisher = {National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -5497,7 +5520,7 @@ @book{bib629 year = {1999} } -@book{bib630, +@book{bib633, author = {Baart, Joan L. G.}, publisher = {National Institute of Pakistani Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad and Summer Institute of Linguistics, Horsleys Green}, series = {Studies in Languages of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -5506,7 +5529,7 @@ @book{bib630 year = {1997} } -@book{bib631, +@book{bib634, author = {Babaev, Kirill}, address = {Munish}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -5518,7 +5541,7 @@ @book{bib631 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib632, +@incollection{bib635, author = {Babushkin, G. F. and Donidze, G. I.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -5527,7 +5550,7 @@ @incollection{bib632 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib633, +@incollection{bib636, author = {Bach, Emmon}, editor = {E. Bach, A. Kratzer and Partee, B. H.}, booktitle = {Quantification in Natural Languages}, @@ -5536,7 +5559,16 @@ @incollection{bib633 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib634, +@article{bib637, + author = {Bach, E.}, + journal = {Texas Linguistic Forum}, + pages = {9-19}, + title = {Long vowels and stress in Kwakiutl}, + volume = {2}, + year = {1975} +} + +@incollection{bib638, author = {Backstrom, Peter C.}, editor = {Backstrom, Peter C. and Radloff, Carla F.}, booktitle = {Languages of northern areas Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -5547,7 +5579,7 @@ @incollection{bib634 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib635, +@incollection{bib639, author = {Backstrom, Peter C.}, editor = {Backstrom, Peter C. and Radloff, Carla F.}, booktitle = {Languages of northern areas Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -5558,7 +5590,7 @@ @incollection{bib635 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib636, +@incollection{bib640, author = {Backstrom, Peter C.}, editor = {Backstrom, Peter C. and Radloff, Carla F.}, booktitle = {Languages of northern areas Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -5569,7 +5601,7 @@ @incollection{bib636 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib637, +@incollection{bib641, author = {Backstrom, Peter C.}, editor = {Backstrom, Peter C. and Radloff, Carla J.}, booktitle = {Languages of northern areas Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -5580,20 +5612,20 @@ @incollection{bib637 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib638, +@misc{bib642, author = {Badie, Manglibè Joseph}, title = {Contribution a une étude morphosyntaxique du n’cam: parler du sous-groupe Gurma des langues Gur (nord-Togo)}, year = {199x} } -@book{bib639, +@book{bib643, author = {Badten, Linda Womkon and Kaneshiro, Vera Oovi and Oovi, Marie}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {A Dictionary of the St. Lawrence Island / Siberian Yupik Eskimo Language}, year = {1987} } -@article{bib640, +@article{bib644, author = {Badu, Tapoli}, journal = {Arunachal Language Series}, local_ids = {98101}, @@ -5603,7 +5635,7 @@ @article{bib640 year = {1994} } -@book{bib641, +@book{bib645, author = {Badu, Tapoli}, isbn = {81-9516-117-5}, local_ids = {98102}, @@ -5613,7 +5645,7 @@ @book{bib641 year = {2004} } -@book{bib642, +@book{bib646, author = {Badu, Tapoli}, address = {Itanagar}, pages = {64}, @@ -5622,13 +5654,13 @@ @book{bib642 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib643, +@misc{bib647, author = {Baer, A. S.}, title = {A Temuan-English-Malay Lexicon}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib644, +@article{bib648, author = {Baghbidi, Hassan Rezai}, journal = {Guyeš-Šenāsi}, pages = {20-38}, @@ -5637,7 +5669,7 @@ @article{bib644 year = {2004} } -@article{bib645, +@article{bib649, author = {Bagshawe, F.J.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {146-147 (art. 92}, @@ -5646,7 +5678,7 @@ @article{bib645 year = {1923} } -@article{bib646, +@article{bib650, author = {Bagshawe, F.J.}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, number = {94}, @@ -5656,7 +5688,7 @@ @article{bib646 year = {1925} } -@article{bib647, +@article{bib651, author = {Bagshawe, F.J.}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, pages = {219-227, 328-347}, @@ -5665,7 +5697,7 @@ @article{bib647 year = {1924/25} } -@article{bib648, +@article{bib652, author = {Bagshawe, F.J.}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, number = {95}, @@ -5675,7 +5707,7 @@ @article{bib648 year = {1925} } -@misc{bib649, +@misc{bib653, author = {Bagwell, Rosalind and Bagwell, Stephen and Faris, David}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {29816}, @@ -5684,7 +5716,7 @@ @misc{bib649 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib650, +@incollection{bib654, author = {Bahuchet, Serge and Guillaume, H.}, editor = {Leacock, Eleanor B. and Lee, Richard B.}, booktitle = {Politics and history in band societies}, @@ -5693,7 +5725,7 @@ @incollection{bib650 year = {1982} } -@book{bib651, +@book{bib655, author = {Bahuchet, Serge}, publisher = {PEETERS}, series = {Histoire d'une civilisation forestière}, @@ -5702,13 +5734,13 @@ @book{bib651 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib652, +@misc{bib656, author = {Bahuchet, Serge}, title = {Les pygmées Aka et Baka: contribution de l’ethnolinguistique a l’histoire des populations forestières d’Afrique centrale}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib653, +@book{bib657, author = {Bahuchet, Serge}, pages = {640}, publisher = {Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)}, @@ -5717,7 +5749,7 @@ @book{bib653 year = {1985} } -@article{bib654, +@article{bib658, author = {Bahuchet, Serge}, journal = {Journal des Africanistes}, number = {1}, @@ -5727,7 +5759,7 @@ @article{bib654 year = {1991} } -@article{bib655, +@article{bib659, author = {Bahuchet, Serge and Thomas, J. M. C.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -5737,14 +5769,14 @@ @article{bib655 year = {1986} } -@book{bib656, +@book{bib660, author = {Bahuchet, Serge}, publisher = {Bibl. de la SELAF (Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France), #73-74; Etudes pygmées, #3}, title = {Pygmées de Centrafrique: études ethnologiques, historiques et linguistiques sur les “Ba.Mbenga” (aka/baka) du nord-ouest du bassin congolais}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib657, +@book{bib661, author = {Bahuchet, Serge and Guillaume, H.}, editor = {Bahuchet, Serge}, pages = {109-139}, @@ -5753,7 +5785,7 @@ @book{bib657 year = {1979} } -@book{bib658, +@book{bib662, author = {Bai, Bibo 白碧波}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105138913}, @@ -5763,7 +5795,7 @@ @book{bib658 year = {2015} } -@book{bib659, +@book{bib663, author = {Bai, Bibo 白碧波}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105120000}, @@ -5773,7 +5805,7 @@ @book{bib659 year = {2012} } -@book{bib660, +@book{bib664, author = {Bailey, Grahame T.}, pages = {79-105}, publisher = {Lund Humpries}, @@ -5781,7 +5813,7 @@ @book{bib660 year = {1938} } -@book{bib661, +@book{bib665, author = {Baird, Louise}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -5795,7 +5827,7 @@ @book{bib661 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib662, +@misc{bib666, author = {Baird, Louise}, local_ids = {24630}, title = {"Documentation of 3-4 Endangered Non-Austronesian Languages of Alor and Pantar, Eastern Indonesia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -5803,7 +5835,7 @@ @misc{bib662 year = {2004} } -@book{bib663, +@book{bib667, author = {Baissac, M. C.}, address = {Nancy}, publisher = {Imprimérie Berger-Levrault}, @@ -5811,7 +5843,7 @@ @book{bib663 year = {1880} } -@article{bib664, +@article{bib668, author = {Baker, E.C.}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {47-48}, @@ -5820,13 +5852,13 @@ @article{bib664 year = {1947} } -@misc{bib665, +@misc{bib669, author = {Baker, Brett}, title = {Evidence for the subgroup Ngalakgan-Rembarrnga within Gunwinyguan}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib666, +@article{bib670, author = {Baker, E.C.}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {16-41}, @@ -5835,14 +5867,14 @@ @article{bib666 year = {1949} } -@book{bib667, +@book{bib671, author = {Baker, Mark C.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Polysynthesis Parameter}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib668, +@book{bib672, author = {Bakker, Peter}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics}, @@ -5851,7 +5883,7 @@ @book{bib668 year = {1997} } -@article{bib669, +@article{bib673, author = {Bakker, Peter}, journal = {University of British Columbia Working Papers in Linguistics. Papers for the 41st International Conference on Salish and neighbouring languages}, pages = {1-32}, @@ -5860,7 +5892,7 @@ @article{bib669 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib670, +@incollection{bib674, author = {Bakker, Peter}, editor = {Jahr, Ernst Håkon and Broch, Ingvild}, booktitle = {Language contact in the Arctic: northern pidgins and contact languages: [symposium held at the University of Tromsø, 4-6 June 1992: "The ninth International Tromsø Symposium on Language: Arctic Pidgins"] Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs}, @@ -5871,7 +5903,7 @@ @incollection{bib670 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib671, +@incollection{bib675, author = {Bakker, Peter}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -5884,7 +5916,7 @@ @incollection{bib671 year = {2013} } -@book{bib672, +@book{bib676, author = {Bala, G.G.}, address = {Los Angeles}, pages = {ix, 42}, @@ -5893,7 +5925,7 @@ @book{bib672 year = {1998} } -@book{bib673, +@book{bib677, author = {Balakrishnan, R.}, address = {Annamalai}, publisher = {Annamalai University}, @@ -5901,7 +5933,7 @@ @book{bib673 year = {1977} } -@article{bib674, +@article{bib678, author = {Baldus, H.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {545-550}, @@ -5910,7 +5942,7 @@ @article{bib674 year = {1931} } -@article{bib675, +@article{bib679, author = {Baldus, Herbert}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, number = {1}, @@ -5920,7 +5952,7 @@ @article{bib675 year = {1931} } -@incollection{bib676, +@incollection{bib680, author = {Métraux, Alfred and Baldus, Herbert}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, booktitle = {The Marginal Tribes Handbook of South American Indians}, @@ -5931,7 +5963,7 @@ @incollection{bib676 year = {1946} } -@misc{bib677, +@misc{bib681, author = {Baldwin, Jarrid}, institution = {Myaamia Center}, local_ids = {99530}, @@ -5939,13 +5971,13 @@ @misc{bib677 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib678, +@misc{bib682, author = {Balep, Lydie Ngo}, title = {Essai d’analyse contrastive de la determination nominale en français et en bakaa}, year = {19xx} } -@incollection{bib679, +@incollection{bib683, author = {Ballard, W. L.}, editor = {Crawford, J. M.}, booktitle = {Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages}, @@ -5954,7 +5986,7 @@ @incollection{bib679 year = {1975} } -@book{bib680, +@book{bib684, author = {Ballif, Noel}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {L'Harmattan}, @@ -5962,28 +5994,28 @@ @book{bib680 year = {1992} } -@book{bib681, +@book{bib685, author = {Bammesberger, Alfred}, publisher = {Carl Winter Universitätsverlag}, title = {A Handbook of Irish. Volume 1: Essentials of Modern Irish}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib682, +@book{bib686, author = {Bammesberger, Alfred}, publisher = {Carl Winter Universitatsverlag}, title = {A Handbook of Irish. Volume 2: An outline of Modern Irish Grammar}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib683, +@book{bib687, author = {Bancroft, Hubert Howe}, publisher = {The History Company}, title = {The native races. Vol. 3, Myths and languages.}, year = {1886} } -@book{bib684, +@book{bib688, author = {Banerjee, Gagan Chandra}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Bahri Publications Pvt.}, @@ -5991,7 +6023,7 @@ @book{bib684 year = {1982 [1894]} } -@incollection{bib685, +@incollection{bib689, author = {Bani, Ephraim and Klokeid, Terry}, editor = {Bani, Ephraim and Klokeid, Terry}, booktitle = {Kala Lagau Langgus - yagar yagar: the Western Torres Strait Language. A Report to the AIAS, November 1972}, @@ -5999,14 +6031,14 @@ @incollection{bib685 year = {1972} } -@book{bib686, +@book{bib690, author = {Banjo, Ayo}, publisher = {National Language Center, Min. of Education, Nigeria}, title = {Orthographies of Nigerian languages}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib687, +@book{bib691, author = {Bank, World}, edition = {P088642}, institution = {World Bank}, @@ -6018,13 +6050,13 @@ @book{bib687 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib688, +@misc{bib692, author = {Bano, Atiqua}, title = {A Descriptive Study of Phom Language}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib689, +@incollection{bib693, author = {Bano, Atiqua}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, booktitle = {Linguistic Ecology: Manipur}, @@ -6033,7 +6065,7 @@ @incollection{bib689 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib690, +@incollection{bib694, author = {Baptista, Priscilla M. and Wallin, Ruth}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian grammars 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -6044,14 +6076,14 @@ @incollection{bib690 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib691, +@incollection{bib695, author = {Bapui, Vanlal Tluonga}, booktitle = {Hmar-English Dictionary}, title = {Hmar-English Dictionary}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib692, +@book{bib696, author = {Baruah, P. N. Dutta and Bapui, V. L. T.}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -6059,14 +6091,14 @@ @book{bib692 year = {1996} } -@book{bib693, +@book{bib697, author = {Baraga, F.}, publisher = {Beauchemin and Valois Publishers}, title = {A Dictionary of the Otchipwe Language}, year = {1878} } -@misc{bib694, +@misc{bib698, author = {Bararuá Solano, Eliete de Jesus}, local_ids = {99284}, school = {Univsidade de Brasília}, @@ -6075,7 +6107,7 @@ @misc{bib694 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib695, +@incollection{bib699, author = {Barasana, Antonio}, editor = {Melo, Candi et al.}, booktitle = {Folclor indıgena de Colombia 1}, @@ -6084,7 +6116,7 @@ @incollection{bib695 year = {1974} } -@book{bib696, +@book{bib700, author = {Barat, BPS Sumba}, local_ids = {95460}, note = {Source provided by Dr. I Wayan Arka}, @@ -6093,14 +6125,14 @@ @book{bib696 year = {2008} } -@book{bib697, +@book{bib701, author = {Barbará, Federico}, publisher = {Imprenta y Librerıa de Mayo de C. Casavalle}, title = {Manual o Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampa y del Estilo Familiar}, year = {1879} } -@book{bib698, +@book{bib702, author = {Barbier, Jean-Claude}, publisher = {Univ. de Bordeaux}, series = {Travaux et documents du CEAN (Centre d’Etudes d’Afrique Noire), #4}, @@ -6108,20 +6140,20 @@ @book{bib698 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib699, +@misc{bib703, author = {Barbosa, Eurípedes Alves}, title = {Aspectos fonológicos da língua Yatê}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib700, +@misc{bib704, author = {Barbosa, Jefferson Fernando}, pages = {77}, title = {Descrição fonológica da língua Nadêb}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib701, +@misc{bib705, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir and Barbour, Julie}, title = {Multi-verb constructions in Ahamb (Vanuatu): Between serialisation and echo reference}, url = {http://doi.org/10}, @@ -6129,14 +6161,14 @@ @misc{bib701 year = {2020} } -@book{bib702, +@book{bib706, author = {Barker, M. A. R.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Klamath Dictionary}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib703, +@book{bib707, author = {Barker, M. A. R.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -6145,7 +6177,7 @@ @book{bib703 year = {1964} } -@book{bib704, +@book{bib708, author = {Barker, M. A. R.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -6154,7 +6186,7 @@ @book{bib704 year = {1963} } -@book{bib705, +@book{bib709, author = {Barker, M. A. R.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -6164,7 +6196,7 @@ @book{bib705 year = {1964} } -@article{bib706, +@article{bib710, author = {Barker, James}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {194-225}, @@ -6173,7 +6205,7 @@ @article{bib706 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib707, +@incollection{bib711, author = {Barkman, Tiffany}, booktitle = {A Descriptive Grammar or Jejara (Para Naga)}, local_ids = {98104}, @@ -6183,7 +6215,7 @@ @incollection{bib707 year = {2014} } -@book{bib708, +@book{bib712, author = {Barlow, Russell}, local_ids = {98758}, month = {August}, @@ -6192,7 +6224,7 @@ @book{bib708 year = {2015} } -@article{bib709, +@article{bib713, author = {Barlow, Kathleen}, journal = {Research in economic anthropology}, pages = {95-122}, @@ -6201,7 +6233,7 @@ @article{bib709 year = {1985} } -@article{bib710, +@article{bib714, author = {Barnard, Alan}, journal = {Occasional Publication No}, publisher = {Department of African Studies}, @@ -6210,7 +6242,7 @@ @article{bib710 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib711, +@incollection{bib715, author = {Barnes, Janet}, editor = {Payne, Doris L.}, booktitle = {Amazonian Linguistics, Studies in Lowland South American Languages}, @@ -6219,7 +6251,7 @@ @incollection{bib711 year = {1990} } -@article{bib712, +@article{bib716, author = {Barnes, Janet}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {255-271}, @@ -6228,14 +6260,14 @@ @article{bib712 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib713, +@misc{bib717, author = {Barnes, Ben}, local_ids = {91048}, title = {Second Chief of the Shawnee Tribe, Personal Communication}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib714, +@incollection{bib718, author = {Barnes, Janet}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -6245,7 +6277,7 @@ @incollection{bib714 year = {1999} } -@article{bib715, +@article{bib719, author = {Baroin, Catherine}, journal = {Journal des africanistes}, number = {2}, @@ -6255,7 +6287,7 @@ @article{bib715 year = {1977} } -@article{bib716, +@article{bib720, author = {Baron, Wietze}, journal = {Language and Linguistics in Melanesia}, pages = {138-149}, @@ -6264,7 +6296,7 @@ @article{bib716 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib717, +@misc{bib721, author = {Baron, Wietze}, local_ids = {99023}, title = {Kwomtari Survey}, @@ -6272,7 +6304,7 @@ @misc{bib717 year = {1983} } -@book{bib718, +@book{bib722, author = {Barr, Julie and Pawley, Eric}, howpublished = {online}, institution = {SIL}, @@ -6285,7 +6317,7 @@ @book{bib718 year = {2013} } -@book{bib719, +@book{bib723, author = {Barral, Basilio Maria de}, address = {Madrid}, publisher = {Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Misionología Española}, @@ -6295,13 +6327,13 @@ @book{bib719 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib720, +@misc{bib724, author = {Barraza de García, Yris Julia}, title = {El sistema verbal en la lengua Shawi}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib721, +@article{bib725, author = {Lobel, Jason and Alpay, Amy Jugueta and Barreno, Rosie Susutin and Barreno, Emelinda Jugueta}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {99532}, @@ -6312,13 +6344,13 @@ @article{bib721 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib722, +@misc{bib726, author = {Barrett, Edward Rush}, title = {A grammar of Sipakapense Maya}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib723, +@book{bib727, author = {Barrie, Michael}, publisher = {LINCOM}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -6326,13 +6358,13 @@ @book{bib723 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib724, +@misc{bib728, author = {Barros, Luizete Guimarães}, title = {A nasalização vocálica e fonologia introdutória à língua Katukína (Páno)}, year = {1987} } -@article{bib725, +@article{bib729, author = {Barros, J. P. Viegas}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {43-73}, @@ -6341,7 +6373,7 @@ @article{bib725 year = {1990} } -@book{bib726, +@book{bib730, author = {Barros, Pedro J. Viegas}, address = {Santa Fe}, publisher = {Subsecretaría de la Provincia de Santa Fe}, @@ -6351,19 +6383,19 @@ @book{bib726 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib727, +@misc{bib731, author = {Barros, Pedro J. Viegas}, title = {Proto-Lule-Vilela: Una reconstrucción fonológica preliminar}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib728, +@misc{bib732, author = {Barros, Philip Lynton de}, title = {The Bassar: large scale iron producers of the West African savanna}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib729, +@article{bib733, author = {Barry, N. J.}, journal = {The Oregon Historical Quarterly}, pages = {49-61}, @@ -6372,13 +6404,13 @@ @article{bib729 year = {1927} } -@misc{bib730, +@misc{bib734, author = {Barry, A.}, title = {The Joola Languages: Subgrouping and reconstruction}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib731, +@book{bib735, author = {Bartens, Angela}, pages = {198}, publisher = {Finnish Academy of Science and Letters}, @@ -6387,7 +6419,7 @@ @book{bib731 year = {2000} } -@book{bib732, +@book{bib736, author = {Bartens, Hans-Hermann}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Helmut Buske Verlag}, @@ -6395,7 +6427,7 @@ @book{bib732 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib733, +@incollection{bib737, author = {Bartens, Angela}, editor = {Michaelis, Susanne Maria and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and Huber, Magnus}, booktitle = {The Survey of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, @@ -6408,7 +6440,7 @@ @incollection{bib733 year = {2013} } -@article{bib734, +@article{bib738, author = {Barth, Heinrich}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Geographical Soc. of London}, pages = {137-221}, @@ -6417,7 +6449,7 @@ @article{bib734 year = {1851} } -@book{bib735, +@book{bib739, author = {Barth, Heinrich}, pages = {cx, 141; [cxi]-cccxxxiv; [144]-295}, publisher = {Justus Perthes}, @@ -6425,7 +6457,7 @@ @book{bib735 year = {1862/66} } -@incollection{bib736, +@incollection{bib740, author = {Bartholomew, Doris A.}, editor = {Key, Mary Ritchie and Hoenigswald, Henry M.}, booktitle = {General and Amerindian ethnolinguistics: in remembrance of Stanley Newman Contributions to the sociology of language}, @@ -6436,14 +6468,14 @@ @incollection{bib736 year = {1989} } -@book{bib737, +@book{bib741, author = {Bartlett, John R.}, publisher = {Bureau of American Ethnology collection, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution}, title = {[Vocabulary of the “Ceris”]}, year = {1852} } -@phdthesis{bib738, +@phdthesis{bib742, author = {Bartram, Cathryn Virgina}, local_ids = {98306}, school = {School of Oriental and African Studies}, @@ -6452,7 +6484,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib738 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib739, +@incollection{bib743, author = {Bascom, Burton}, editor = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, booktitle = {Studies in Uzo-Aztecan Grammar}, @@ -6464,7 +6496,7 @@ @incollection{bib739 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib740, +@incollection{bib744, author = {Bashir, Elena}, editor = {Cardona, George and Jain, Dhanesh}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -6478,7 +6510,7 @@ @incollection{bib740 year = {2003} } -@article{bib741, +@article{bib745, author = {Bashir, Elena}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95882}, @@ -6488,7 +6520,7 @@ @article{bib741 year = {2006} } -@article{bib742, +@article{bib746, author = {Bashir, Elena}, journal = {Chicago Linguistic Society}, pages = {47-59}, @@ -6497,7 +6529,7 @@ @article{bib742 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib743, +@incollection{bib747, author = {Bashir, Abeer M. A.}, editor = {Abu-Manga, Al-Amin and Gilley, Leoma and Storch, Anne}, address = {Köln}, @@ -6509,13 +6541,13 @@ @incollection{bib743 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib744, +@misc{bib748, author = {Bashir, Elena}, title = {Relative clauses in Khowar}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib745, +@incollection{bib749, author = {Bashir, Elena}, editor = {Windfuhr, Gernot}, booktitle = {The Iranian Languages}, @@ -6528,7 +6560,7 @@ @incollection{bib745 year = {2009} } -@article{bib746, +@article{bib750, author = {Bashuna, Ali Balla}, journal = {Kenya Past and Present}, pages = {36-39}, @@ -6537,7 +6569,7 @@ @article{bib746 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib747, +@incollection{bib751, author = {Baskakov, N. A.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -6546,7 +6578,7 @@ @incollection{bib747 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib748, +@incollection{bib752, author = {Baskakov, N. A.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -6555,7 +6587,7 @@ @incollection{bib748 year = {1997} } -@article{bib749, +@article{bib753, author = {Baskakov, N. A. and Inkizekova-Grekyl, A. I.}, journal = {Gosudarstvennoe Izdat}, title = {Chakassko-russkij slovar'}, @@ -6563,7 +6595,7 @@ @article{bib749 year = {1953} } -@incollection{bib750, +@incollection{bib754, author = {Baskakov, N. A.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -6572,7 +6604,7 @@ @incollection{bib750 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib751, +@incollection{bib755, author = {Baskakov, N. A.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -6581,7 +6613,7 @@ @incollection{bib751 year = {1997} } -@article{bib752, +@article{bib756, author = {Baskakov, N. A. and Abdulzalilov, F. A.}, journal = {Gosudarstvennoe Izdat}, title = {Russko-nogajskij slovar'}, @@ -6589,7 +6621,7 @@ @article{bib752 year = {1956} } -@article{bib753, +@article{bib757, author = {Bassenè, Alain-Christian}, journal = {Sciences et techniques du langage}, pages = {85-101}, @@ -6598,7 +6630,7 @@ @article{bib753 year = {2009} } -@article{bib754, +@article{bib758, author = {Bassenè, Alain-Christian}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -6608,7 +6640,7 @@ @article{bib754 year = {2009} } -@book{bib755, +@book{bib759, author = {Basset, René}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -6618,7 +6650,7 @@ @book{bib755 year = {1909} } -@book{bib756, +@book{bib760, author = {Basset, René}, address = {Alger}, publisher = {Imprimerie Orientale Pierre Fontana}, @@ -6628,7 +6660,7 @@ @book{bib756 year = {1908} } -@book{bib757, +@book{bib761, author = {Basset, René}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -6636,7 +6668,7 @@ @book{bib757 year = {1890} } -@article{bib758, +@article{bib762, author = {Basset, A.}, journal = {Bulletin du Comité d'études historiques et scientifiques de l'Afrique occidentale française}, number = {3}, @@ -6646,13 +6678,13 @@ @article{bib758 year = {1934} } -@misc{bib759, +@misc{bib763, author = {Bassène, Alain-Christian}, title = {Description du jóola Banjal (Sénégal)}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib760, +@book{bib764, author = {Basumatary, Phukan}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -6660,7 +6692,7 @@ @book{bib760 year = {2005} } -@book{bib761, +@book{bib765, author = {Batchelor, John}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Methodist Publishing House}, @@ -6668,7 +6700,7 @@ @book{bib761 year = {1905} } -@article{bib762, +@article{bib766, author = {Batibo, Herman M.}, journal = {South African journal of African languages}, number = {1}, @@ -6678,7 +6710,7 @@ @article{bib762 year = {1998} } -@article{bib763, +@article{bib767, author = {Batibo, Herman M.}, editor = {Crawhall, Nigel and Ostler, Nicholas}, address = {Bath}, @@ -6691,7 +6723,7 @@ @article{bib763 year = {2005} } -@book{bib764, +@book{bib768, author = {Batibo, Herman M.}, address = {Buffalo}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -6703,7 +6735,7 @@ @book{bib764 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib765, +@incollection{bib769, author = {Batibo, Herman M. and Tsonope, Joseph}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Tsonope, Joseph}, address = {Mogoditshane (Botswana) & Gaborone}, @@ -6716,7 +6748,7 @@ @incollection{bib765 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib766, +@incollection{bib770, author = {Batibo, Herman M.}, editor = {Smieja, Birgit and Meike, Tasch}, address = {Frankfurt, Bern}, @@ -6728,7 +6760,7 @@ @incollection{bib766 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib767, +@incollection{bib771, author = {Batibo, Herman M.}, editor = {Kahigi, K. K. and Kihore, Y. M. and Mous, M.}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -6740,7 +6772,7 @@ @incollection{bib767 year = {2000} } -@article{bib768, +@article{bib772, author = {Battaglia, Raffaello}, journal = {Annali Lateranensi}, pages = {322-346}, @@ -6749,7 +6781,7 @@ @article{bib768 year = {1957} } -@article{bib769, +@article{bib773, author = {Battenburg, John}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, pages = {147-161}, @@ -6758,13 +6790,13 @@ @article{bib769 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib770, +@misc{bib774, author = {Bauer, W. A.}, title = {Aspects of the grammar of Maori}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib771, +@book{bib775, author = {Bauer, Winifred with William Parker and Evans, Te Kareongawai}, publisher = {Routledge}, series = {Descriptive Grammar Series}, @@ -6772,7 +6804,7 @@ @book{bib771 year = {1993} } -@article{bib772, +@article{bib776, author = {Bauer, Winifred}, journal = {Studies in Language}, number = {3}, @@ -6782,7 +6814,7 @@ @article{bib772 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib773, +@misc{bib777, author = {Bauer, G. M.}, pages = {388-432}, title = {Sovremennye juzhnoaravijskie jazyki (bespis'mennye)}, @@ -6790,7 +6822,7 @@ @misc{bib773 year = {1991} } -@article{bib774, +@article{bib778, author = {Bauernschmidt, A.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {471-483}, @@ -6799,7 +6831,7 @@ @article{bib774 year = {1965} } -@book{bib775, +@book{bib779, author = {Baumann, Oskar}, pages = {xiii, 385, plates}, publisher = {Verlag von Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -6807,7 +6839,7 @@ @book{bib775 year = {1894} } -@book{bib776, +@book{bib780, author = {Baumann, Gerd}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, @@ -6815,7 +6847,7 @@ @book{bib776 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib777, +@incollection{bib781, author = {Baumann, Oskar}, editor = {Baumann, Oskar}, booktitle = {Usambara und seine Nachbargebiete: allgemeine Darstellung des nord-östlichen Deutsch-Ostafrika und seiner Bewohner auf Grund einer im Auftrag der Deutsch-Ostafrikanischen Gesellschaft im Jahre 1890 ausgeführten Reise}, @@ -6824,7 +6856,7 @@ @incollection{bib777 year = {1891} } -@incollection{bib778, +@incollection{bib782, author = {Baumbach, Erdmann J. M.}, editor = {Haacke, W. H. G. and Elderkin, E. D.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -6836,13 +6868,13 @@ @incollection{bib778 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib779, +@misc{bib783, author = {Baumbach, Ernst J.M.}, title = {Tentative orthography of Subiya (as spoken in the Caprivi)}, year = {198x} } -@book{bib780, +@book{bib784, author = {Baur, Étienne and Roy, Alexandre le}, pages = {368}, publisher = {Alfred Mame & fils}, @@ -6850,7 +6882,7 @@ @book{bib780 year = {1887} } -@book{bib781, +@book{bib785, author = {Baur, Étienne and Roy, Alexandre le}, pages = {368}, publisher = {Alfred Mame & fils}, @@ -6858,7 +6890,7 @@ @book{bib781 year = {1893} } -@book{bib782, +@book{bib786, author = {Baur, Étienne and Roy, Alexandre le}, pages = {367}, publisher = {Alfred Mame & fils}, @@ -6866,7 +6898,7 @@ @book{bib782 year = {1899} } -@book{bib783, +@book{bib787, author = {Baur, Étienne and Roy, Alexandre le}, pages = {358}, publisher = {Alfred Mame & fils}, @@ -6874,7 +6906,7 @@ @book{bib783 year = {1886} } -@article{bib784, +@article{bib788, author = {Baur, Étienne}, journal = {Missioni cattoliche}, pages = {10ff}, @@ -6883,7 +6915,7 @@ @article{bib784 year = {1883} } -@article{bib785, +@article{bib789, author = {Baur, Étienne}, journal = {Les missions catholiques}, pages = {342ff}, @@ -6893,7 +6925,7 @@ @article{bib785 year = {1882} } -@incollection{bib786, +@incollection{bib790, author = {Bavin, Edith}, editor = {Walsh, Michael and Yallop, Colin}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -6908,7 +6940,7 @@ @incollection{bib786 year = {1993} } -@book{bib787, +@book{bib791, author = {Baxter, Alan N.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -6918,7 +6950,7 @@ @book{bib787 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib788, +@incollection{bib792, author = {Beam de Azcona, Rosemary}, booktitle = {Personal Communication}, local_ids = {99561}, @@ -6927,7 +6959,7 @@ @incollection{bib788 year = {2021} } -@article{bib789, +@article{bib793, author = {Bearth, Thomas}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {(?}, @@ -6936,7 +6968,7 @@ @article{bib789 year = {2000} } -@article{bib790, +@article{bib794, author = {Beasley, D. and Pike, K. L.}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {1-8}, @@ -6945,7 +6977,7 @@ @article{bib790 year = {1957} } -@book{bib791, +@book{bib795, author = {Beauvoir, J. M.}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Talleres Gráficos de la Compañıa General de Fósforos}, @@ -6953,14 +6985,14 @@ @book{bib791 year = {1915} } -@misc{bib792, +@misc{bib796, author = {Chesley, W. M. and Bagwell, S. M. and Bebb, R.}, pages = {35}, title = {Enquête Sociolinguistique -- Dangaléat}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib793, +@book{bib797, author = {Bec, Pierre}, publisher = {Presses Universitaires de France}, series = {"Que sais-je?"}, @@ -6969,7 +7001,7 @@ @book{bib793 year = {1963} } -@article{bib794, +@article{bib798, author = {Becerra, Rodrigo}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -6983,7 +7015,7 @@ @article{bib794 year = {2019} } -@article{bib795, +@article{bib799, author = {Becher, Hans}, journal = {Wiener Völkerkundliche Mitteilungen}, pages = {13-20}, @@ -6992,7 +7024,7 @@ @article{bib795 year = {1957} } -@incollection{bib796, +@incollection{bib800, author = {Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne}, editor = {Takács, Gábor}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -7004,7 +7036,7 @@ @incollection{bib796 year = {2008} } -@article{bib797, +@article{bib801, author = {Beck, Simone}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {96080}, @@ -7015,7 +7047,7 @@ @article{bib797 year = {2013} } -@article{bib798, +@article{bib802, author = {Beck, Simone}, journal = {Linguistic Discovery}, local_ids = {98062}, @@ -7026,7 +7058,7 @@ @article{bib798 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib799, +@incollection{bib803, author = {Becker-Donner, Etta}, address = {Wien-Mödling}, booktitle = {Festschrift Paul Schebesta zum 75.~Geburtstag Studi Instituti Anthropos}, @@ -7037,7 +7069,7 @@ @incollection{bib799 year = {1963} } -@article{bib800, +@article{bib804, author = {Becker-Donner, Etta}, journal = {Archiv für Völkerkunde}, pages = {275-343}, @@ -7046,7 +7078,7 @@ @article{bib800 year = {1955} } -@book{bib801, +@book{bib805, author = {Hercus, Luise A and Beckett, Jeremy}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {89140}, @@ -7056,7 +7088,7 @@ @book{bib801 url = {http://epress.anu.edu.au/titles/aboriginal-history/two_rainbow_citation} } -@article{bib802, +@article{bib806, author = {Beckwith, C. and Fisher, A.}, journal = {National geographic}, pages = {77-99}, @@ -7065,7 +7097,7 @@ @article{bib802 year = {1991} } -@article{bib803, +@article{bib807, author = {Beffa, Marie-Lise}, journal = {Etudes mongoles}, pages = {49-98}, @@ -7074,7 +7106,7 @@ @article{bib803 year = {1982} } -@article{bib804, +@article{bib808, author = {Beghin, François-Xavier}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {197-204}, @@ -7083,14 +7115,14 @@ @article{bib804 year = {1957} } -@book{bib805, +@book{bib809, author = {Bei and 孛吉爾格勒, Ji'ergele and 羅淳, Chun Luo and and 譚昕, Xin Tan}, publisher = {The Yunnan University Press}, title = {鄂温克族: 内蒙古鄂温克族旗烏蘭寶力格嘎查調查 [The Solon]}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib806, +@incollection{bib810, author = {Beidelman, Thomas Owen}, booktitle = {The matrilineal peoples of eastern Tanzania (Zaramo, Luguru, Kaguru, Ngulu, etc.) Ethnographic survey of Africa, East Central Africa, #16}, pages = {73-88}, @@ -7099,7 +7131,7 @@ @incollection{bib806 year = {1967} } -@article{bib807, +@article{bib811, author = {Beidelman, Thomas Owen}, journal = {Tanzania notes and records}, pages = {63-80}, @@ -7108,7 +7140,7 @@ @article{bib807 year = {1966} } -@book{bib808, +@book{bib812, author = {Beidelman, Thomas Owen}, pages = {93, map}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press; International African Inst. (IAI)}, @@ -7117,7 +7149,7 @@ @book{bib808 year = {1967} } -@article{bib809, +@article{bib813, author = {Belaieff, Juan}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {1}, @@ -7127,7 +7159,7 @@ @article{bib809 year = {1937} } -@article{bib810, +@article{bib814, author = {Belaieff, Juan}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {4}, @@ -7137,13 +7169,13 @@ @article{bib810 year = {1934} } -@misc{bib811, +@misc{bib815, author = {Beland, Jean Pierre}, title = {Atikamekw Morphology and Lexicon}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib812, +@article{bib816, author = {Belew, Anna}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {99458}, @@ -7154,7 +7186,7 @@ @article{bib812 year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib813, +@incollection{bib817, author = {Belfrage, Hugh}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -7166,7 +7198,7 @@ @incollection{bib813 year = {2003} } -@book{bib814, +@book{bib818, author = {Seed, Amanda and Bell, Jeanie}, address = {Brisbane}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, @@ -7176,7 +7208,7 @@ @book{bib814 year = {1994} } -@article{bib815, +@article{bib819, author = {Bell, Sarah}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, pages = {332-338}, @@ -7185,7 +7217,7 @@ @article{bib815 year = {1982} } -@book{bib816, +@book{bib820, author = {Bell, Herman}, publisher = {Inst. of African and Asian Studies, Univ. of Khartoum}, series = {Language survey series, #10}, @@ -7193,7 +7225,7 @@ @book{bib816 year = {1979} } -@book{bib817, +@book{bib821, author = {Bell, Herman}, publisher = {Inst. of African and Asian Studies, Univ. of Khartoum}, series = {Language survey series, #6}, @@ -7201,7 +7233,7 @@ @book{bib817 year = {1979} } -@book{bib818, +@book{bib822, author = {Bell, Herman}, publisher = {Inst. of African and Asian Studies, Univ. of Khartoum}, series = {Language survey series, #8}, @@ -7209,7 +7241,7 @@ @book{bib818 year = {1979} } -@book{bib819, +@book{bib823, author = {Bell, Herman}, publisher = {Inst. of African and Asian Studies, Univ. of Khartoum}, series = {Language survey series, #9}, @@ -7217,7 +7249,7 @@ @book{bib819 year = {1979} } -@book{bib820, +@book{bib824, author = {Bell, Wally and Bell, Tyronne}, local_ids = {98853}, publisher = {Charnwood}, @@ -7225,14 +7257,14 @@ @book{bib820 url = {http://www.ngunawal.com.au/index.php/ngunawal-language} } -@misc{bib821, +@misc{bib825, author = {Bell, Joshua}, local_ids = {99445}, title = {Personal Communication on Purari}, year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib822, +@incollection{bib826, author = {Beller, Richard and Beller, Patricia}, editor = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, booktitle = {Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 2: Modern Aztec grammatical sketches Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -7243,7 +7275,7 @@ @incollection{bib822 year = {1979} } -@article{bib823, +@article{bib827, author = {Belloro, Valeria A. and Guerrero, Lilián}, journal = {Lingüística}, local_ids = {98488}, @@ -7254,7 +7286,7 @@ @article{bib823 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib824, +@incollection{bib828, author = {Bellwood, Peter}, editor = {Dam, Rien A. C. and Odé, C. and Miedema, J.}, booktitle = {Perspectives on the Bird's Head of Irian Jaya, Indonesia}, @@ -7263,7 +7295,7 @@ @incollection{bib824 year = {1998} } -@article{bib825, +@article{bib829, author = {Belmar and Guillem and van Boven and Cindy and Pinho, Sara}, journal = {Linguistic Minorities in Europe Online}, local_ids = {99652}, @@ -7273,7 +7305,7 @@ @article{bib825 year = {2020} } -@book{bib826, +@book{bib830, author = {Hattori, Ryoko and Gomes, Matias and Ajo, Frances and Belo, Nelson}, series = {International Graduate Student Conference Series}, title = {The Ethnolinguistic Situation in East Timor}, @@ -7281,7 +7313,7 @@ @book{bib826 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib827, +@incollection{bib831, author = {Benaissa, Taik}, editor = {E., Cathcart M. et al.}, booktitle = {no booktitle Sistemas fonológicos de idiomas colombianos}, @@ -7292,14 +7324,14 @@ @incollection{bib827 year = {1979} } -@book{bib828, +@book{bib832, author = {Benaissa, Taik}, publisher = {Editorial Alberto Lleras Camargo}, title = {Vocabulario Sáliba-Español, Español-Sáliva}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib829, +@incollection{bib833, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Uhlig, Siegbert}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Aethiopica}, @@ -7308,7 +7340,7 @@ @incollection{bib829 year = {2003} } -@article{bib830, +@article{bib834, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {133-162}, @@ -7317,7 +7349,7 @@ @article{bib830 year = {1994} } -@article{bib831, +@article{bib835, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {87-110}, @@ -7326,7 +7358,7 @@ @article{bib831 year = {1991} } -@article{bib832, +@article{bib836, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, journal = {AuU}, number = {1}, @@ -7336,7 +7368,7 @@ @article{bib832 year = {1994} } -@article{bib833, +@article{bib837, author = {Bender, Emily}, journal = {Proceedings of ACL-08: HLT}, local_ids = {98805}, @@ -7349,7 +7381,7 @@ @article{bib833 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib834, +@incollection{bib838, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to African Linguistics}, @@ -7358,7 +7390,7 @@ @incollection{bib834 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib835, +@incollection{bib839, author = {Doornbos, Paul and Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Bender, Marvin Lionel}, address = {East Lansing}, @@ -7370,7 +7402,7 @@ @incollection{bib835 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib836, +@incollection{bib840, author = {Turton, David and Bender, M. Lionel}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {East Lansing, Michigan}, @@ -7382,7 +7414,7 @@ @incollection{bib836 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib837, +@incollection{bib841, author = {Fleming, Harold C. and Bender, Marvin L.}, editor = {Bender, Lionel M. and Bowen, J. D. and Cooper, R. L. and Ferguson, C. A.}, booktitle = {Language in Ethiopia Ford Foundation Language Surveys}, @@ -7392,7 +7424,7 @@ @incollection{bib837 year = {1976} } -@book{bib838, +@book{bib842, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, address = {Carbondale, Illinois}, publisher = {University Museum, Southern Illinois University}, @@ -7400,7 +7432,7 @@ @book{bib838 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib839, +@incollection{bib843, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne and Serzisko, F.}, booktitle = {Cushitic - Omotic: papers from the International Symposium on Cushitic and Omotic Languages, Cologne, January 6-9, 1986}, @@ -7409,7 +7441,7 @@ @incollection{bib839 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib840, +@incollection{bib844, author = {Bender, M. L.}, editor = {Bender, Marvin Lionel}, address = {East Lansing}, @@ -7421,7 +7453,7 @@ @incollection{bib840 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib841, +@incollection{bib845, author = {Bender, Marvin Lionel}, editor = {Gilbert, Glenn G.}, booktitle = {Pidgin and creole languages: essays in memory of John Reinecke}, @@ -7430,7 +7462,7 @@ @incollection{bib841 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib842, +@incollection{bib846, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Dihoff, Ivan R.}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to African Linguistics}, @@ -7439,7 +7471,7 @@ @incollection{bib842 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib843, +@incollection{bib847, author = {Bender, M. Lionel}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {Hamburg}, @@ -7451,7 +7483,7 @@ @incollection{bib843 year = {1989} } -@article{bib844, +@article{bib848, author = {Bender, M. Lionel}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {189-215, 39-64}, @@ -7460,7 +7492,7 @@ @article{bib844 year = {1997, 1998} } -@article{bib845, +@article{bib849, author = {Bender, L. M.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {5}, @@ -7470,7 +7502,7 @@ @article{bib845 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib846, +@incollection{bib850, author = {Bender, M. Lionel}, editor = {Hayward, Richard J.}, booktitle = {Omotic Language Studies}, @@ -7479,7 +7511,7 @@ @incollection{bib846 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib847, +@incollection{bib851, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Voigt, Rainer M. and Griefenow-Mewis, Catherine}, booktitle = {Cushitic and Omotic languages: proceedings of the third international symposium, Berlin, March 17-19, 1994}, @@ -7488,7 +7520,7 @@ @incollection{bib847 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib848, +@incollection{bib852, author = {Bender, M. Lionel}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel and Takács, Gábor and Appleyard, David L.}, address = {Munich}, @@ -7500,7 +7532,7 @@ @incollection{bib848 year = {2003} } -@article{bib849, +@article{bib853, author = {Bender, E. and Harris, Z. S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -7510,7 +7542,7 @@ @article{bib849 year = {1946} } -@article{bib850, +@article{bib854, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics: Supplement}, number = {7}, @@ -7520,7 +7552,7 @@ @article{bib850 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib851, +@incollection{bib855, author = {Bender, Lionel M.}, editor = {Kaye, Alan S.}, booktitle = {Morphologies of Asia and Africa}, @@ -7529,7 +7561,7 @@ @incollection{bib851 year = {2007} } -@book{bib852, +@book{bib856, author = {Sohn, Ho-Min and Bender, Byron W.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -7539,7 +7571,7 @@ @book{bib852 year = {1973} } -@book{bib853, +@book{bib857, author = {Bendor-Samuel, John}, address = {Brasilia, D.F.}, publisher = {SIL}, @@ -7549,7 +7581,7 @@ @book{bib853 year = {1961} } -@book{bib854, +@book{bib858, author = {Bendor-Samuel, David}, pages = {214}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, @@ -7559,7 +7591,7 @@ @book{bib854 year = {1972} } -@article{bib855, +@article{bib859, author = {Bendor-Samuel, John T.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -7569,7 +7601,7 @@ @article{bib855 year = {1965} } -@book{bib856, +@book{bib860, author = {Bendor-Samuel, John T.}, pages = {179}, series = {Datos Etno-Lingüísticos}, @@ -7579,7 +7611,7 @@ @book{bib856 year = {1979} } -@book{bib857, +@book{bib861, author = {Bendor-Samuel, John}, publisher = {Linguistic Circle of New York}, series = {Linguistic Circle of New York Monograph}, @@ -7588,7 +7620,7 @@ @book{bib857 year = {1961} } -@article{bib858, +@article{bib862, author = {Benedict, P. K.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {4}, @@ -7598,7 +7630,7 @@ @article{bib858 year = {1942} } -@incollection{bib859, +@incollection{bib863, author = {Benjamin, G.}, editor = {Jenner, P. N. and Thompson, L. C. and Starosta, S.}, address = {Honolulu}, @@ -7609,14 +7641,14 @@ @incollection{bib859 year = {1976} } -@book{bib860, +@book{bib864, author = {Bennett, John Peter}, publisher = {Walter Roth Museum of Anthropology}, title = {Arawak-English Dictionary}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib861, +@article{bib865, author = {Benua, Laura}, journal = {31st Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, I: The Main Session; II: The Parasession on Clitics}, number = {1}, @@ -7626,7 +7658,7 @@ @article{bib861 year = {1995} } -@book{bib862, +@book{bib866, author = {Benzing, Johannes}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -7636,7 +7668,7 @@ @book{bib862 year = {1985} } -@book{bib863, +@book{bib867, author = {Benzing, Johannes}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Steiner}, @@ -7646,7 +7678,7 @@ @book{bib863 year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib864, +@incollection{bib868, author = {Benítez-Torres, Carlos M.}, editor = {Matondo, Masangu and McLaughlin, Fiona and Potsdam, Eric}, booktitle = {Selected proceedings of the 38th annual conference on African linguistics: linguistic theory and African language documentation}, @@ -7655,7 +7687,7 @@ @incollection{bib864 year = {2009} } -@book{bib865, +@book{bib869, author = {Bercero Otal, María Rosa}, local_ids = {98720}, publisher = {Birmingham}, @@ -7664,7 +7696,7 @@ @book{bib865 year = {2014} } -@book{bib866, +@book{bib870, author = {Berez, Andrea L.}, local_ids = {98415}, publisher = {Santa Barbara, CA}, @@ -7674,14 +7706,14 @@ @book{bib866 year = {2011} } -@book{bib867, +@book{bib871, author = {Berg, Ragnar}, publisher = {Berg og Berg}, title = {Dakota/Lakota norsk grammatikk og ordbok}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib868, +@book{bib872, author = {Berg, Marie L. and Kerr, Isabel J.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Language Data Microfiche AM}, @@ -7690,7 +7722,7 @@ @book{bib868 year = {1973} } -@article{bib869, +@article{bib873, author = {Berger, Hermann}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95881}, @@ -7699,14 +7731,14 @@ @article{bib869 year = {1990} } -@book{bib870, +@book{bib874, author = {Berger, Hermann}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Das Yasin-Burushaski (Werchikwar)}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib871, +@book{bib875, author = {Berger, Hermann}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -7716,7 +7748,7 @@ @book{bib871 year = {1998} } -@article{bib872, +@article{bib876, author = {Berger, Paul}, journal = {Studien zur Auslandskunde: Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -7726,7 +7758,7 @@ @article{bib872 year = {1943} } -@article{bib873, +@article{bib877, author = {Berger, Paul}, journal = {Afrika: Studien zur Auslandskunde}, pages = {97-122}, @@ -7735,13 +7767,13 @@ @article{bib873 year = {1943} } -@misc{bib874, +@misc{bib878, author = {Bergman, Brita}, title = {Kompendium I Teckenspraaksgrammatik}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib875, +@incollection{bib879, author = {Bergman, Brita}, editor = {Bos, Heleen and Schermer, Trude}, booktitle = {Sign Language Research 1994. Proceedings of the 4th European Congress on Sign Language Research, München, September 1-3, 1994}, @@ -7749,7 +7781,7 @@ @incollection{bib875 year = {1995} } -@article{bib876, +@article{bib880, author = {Bergsland, Knut}, journal = {Transactions of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {3}, @@ -7761,21 +7793,21 @@ @article{bib876 year = {1959} } -@book{bib877, +@book{bib881, author = {Bergsland, Knut}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Aleut Dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib878, +@book{bib882, author = {Bergsland, Knut}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Aleut grammar = Unangam tunuganaan achixaasix}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib879, +@book{bib883, author = {Bergsland, Knut}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Harrasowitz}, @@ -7785,7 +7817,7 @@ @book{bib879 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib880, +@incollection{bib884, author = {Bergsland, K.}, editor = {Halle, M.}, booktitle = {For Roman Jakobson}, @@ -7794,14 +7826,14 @@ @incollection{bib880 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib881, +@misc{bib885, author = {Bernando, Eric}, local_ids = {92641}, title = {Chaku-Kəmdəks Chinuk Wawa}, url = {http://learnchinookjargon.wordpress.com/} } -@book{bib882, +@book{bib886, author = {Berry, Keith and Berry, Christine}, address = {Canberra}, isbn = {0858834820}, @@ -7812,7 +7844,7 @@ @book{bib882 year = {1999} } -@article{bib883, +@article{bib887, author = {Berry, Keith and Berry, Christine}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {25-80}, @@ -7821,7 +7853,7 @@ @article{bib883 year = {1987} } -@article{bib884, +@article{bib888, author = {Berry, Keith and Berry, Christine}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {81-117}, @@ -7830,7 +7862,7 @@ @article{bib884 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib885, +@incollection{bib889, author = {Berta, Árpád}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Csató, Éva Á.}, booktitle = {The Turkic Languages}, @@ -7839,7 +7871,7 @@ @incollection{bib885 year = {1998} } -@article{bib886, +@article{bib890, author = {Berthe, Louis}, journal = {L'Homme}, number = {1}, @@ -7849,7 +7881,7 @@ @article{bib886 year = {1963} } -@book{bib887, +@book{bib891, author = {Berthelette, Carol and Berthelette, John}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {32290}, @@ -7861,7 +7893,7 @@ @book{bib887 year = {2001} } -@book{bib888, +@book{bib892, author = {Berthelette, Carol and Berthelette, John}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {32292}, @@ -7873,13 +7905,13 @@ @book{bib888 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib889, +@misc{bib893, author = {Berthiaume, Rachel and Rinfret, Julie}, title = {La négation en langue des signes québécoise (LSQ)}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib890, +@article{bib894, author = {Bertho, Jacques}, journal = {Notes africaines: bull. d’information et de correspondance}, pages = {124-126}, @@ -7888,7 +7920,7 @@ @article{bib890 year = {1949} } -@article{bib891, +@article{bib895, author = {Bertho, Jacques}, journal = {Notes africaines: bull. d’information et de correspondance}, pages = {28-29}, @@ -7897,7 +7929,7 @@ @article{bib891 year = {1947} } -@article{bib892, +@article{bib896, author = {Bertho, J.}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire}, pages = {1046-1107}, @@ -7906,7 +7938,7 @@ @article{bib892 year = {1952} } -@article{bib893, +@article{bib897, author = {Gerlach, Linda and Berthold, Falko}, journal = {Afrikanistik Online}, local_ids = {91260}, @@ -7916,7 +7948,7 @@ @article{bib893 year = {2011} } -@book{bib894, +@book{bib898, author = {Bertinetto, Pier Marco}, address = {Pisa}, pages = {51}, @@ -7927,7 +7959,7 @@ @book{bib894 year = {2009} } -@book{bib895, +@book{bib899, author = {Bertoni, Guillermo Tell}, pages = {103-110}, publisher = {Imprensa nacional}, @@ -7935,13 +7967,13 @@ @book{bib895 year = {1924} } -@misc{bib896, +@misc{bib900, author = {Besha, Ruth Mfumbwa}, title = {A socio-linguistic description of Kimaa and its points of contacts with Kishambala}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib897, +@book{bib901, author = {Besnier, Niko}, address = {London & New York}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -7952,7 +7984,7 @@ @book{bib897 year = {2000} } -@article{bib898, +@article{bib902, author = {Betti, Jean L.}, journal = {African study monographs}, number = {1}, @@ -7962,7 +7994,7 @@ @article{bib898 year = {2004} } -@book{bib899, +@book{bib903, author = {Betts, LaVera}, pages = {326}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -7970,7 +8002,7 @@ @book{bib899 year = {1981} } -@article{bib900, +@article{bib904, author = {Beuchat, H. and Rivet, P.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {805-822, 1053-1064}, @@ -7979,7 +8011,7 @@ @article{bib900 year = {1909} } -@article{bib901, +@article{bib905, author = {Beyer, Klaus}, editor = {Egbert, H. and others}, booktitle = {Afrika im Wandel: Beiträge zur Abschlusskonferenz des bayreuther Graduiertenkolleg “Interkulturelle Beziehungen in Afrika” 1990-1999}, @@ -7990,7 +8022,7 @@ @article{bib901 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib902, +@incollection{bib906, author = {Beyer, Klaus}, editor = {Winkelmann, Kerstin and Ibriszimow, Dymitr}, booktitle = {Zwischen Bantu und Burkina: Festschrift für Gudrun Miehe zum 65. Geburtstag}, @@ -7999,13 +8031,13 @@ @incollection{bib902 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib903, +@misc{bib907, author = {Beyer, Gregory L.}, title = {Denya word list}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib904, +@book{bib908, author = {Beyer, Klaus}, address = {Köln}, pages = {viii, 223}, @@ -8016,7 +8048,7 @@ @book{bib904 year = {2006} } -@article{bib905, +@article{bib909, author = {Beyer, Klaus}, journal = {Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers}, pages = {23-29}, @@ -8025,7 +8057,7 @@ @article{bib905 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib906, +@incollection{bib910, author = {Bhaskarao, P.}, editor = {Steever, Sanford B.}, booktitle = {The Dravidian Languages}, @@ -8034,7 +8066,7 @@ @incollection{bib906 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib907, +@incollection{bib911, author = {Bhaskararao, Peri}, editor = {Steever, Sanford B.}, booktitle = {The Dravidian Languages}, @@ -8043,7 +8075,7 @@ @incollection{bib907 year = {1998} } -@book{bib908, +@book{bib912, author = {Nara, Tsuyoshi and Bhaskararao, Peri}, address = {Osaka}, publisher = {Kan Taiheiyo no gengo (ELPR)}, @@ -8053,7 +8085,7 @@ @book{bib908 year = {2001} } -@book{bib909, +@book{bib913, author = {Bhat, D. N. S.}, address = {Poona}, publisher = {Deccan College}, @@ -8063,7 +8095,7 @@ @book{bib909 year = {1968} } -@book{bib910, +@book{bib914, author = {Bhat, D. N. S.}, address = {Poona}, publisher = {Deccan College}, @@ -8073,14 +8105,14 @@ @book{bib910 year = {1969} } -@book{bib911, +@book{bib915, author = {Bhattacharya, Pramod Chandra}, publisher = {Department of Publication, Gauhati University}, title = {A Descriptive Analysis of the Boro Language}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib912, +@article{bib916, author = {Bhattacharya, Sudhibhushan}, journal = {Indian Linguistics}, pages = {245-258}, @@ -8089,7 +8121,7 @@ @article{bib912 year = {1957} } -@article{bib913, +@article{bib917, author = {Bhattacharya, Sudhibhushan}, journal = {Government of India: Department of Anthropology Memoir No}, title = {Ollari: A Dravidian Speech}, @@ -8097,21 +8129,21 @@ @article{bib913 year = {1957} } -@misc{bib914, +@misc{bib918, author = {Bibo Bai and Xu, Xianming}, title = {Documentation of endangered Cosao “green codes” in Yunnan, China}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10125/25306}, year = {2015} } -@book{bib915, +@book{bib919, author = {Bibolotti, Benigno}, publisher = {Northwestern University of Illinois Press}, title = {Moseteno Vocabularly and Treatises}, year = {1917} } -@incollection{bib916, +@incollection{bib920, author = {Bicchieri, Marco Giuseppe}, editor = {Damas, David}, booktitle = {Contributions to anthropology: band societies Bull. from the National Museums of Canada, #228; anthropological series, #84}, @@ -8121,14 +8153,14 @@ @incollection{bib916 year = {1969} } -@book{bib917, +@book{bib921, author = {Bickel, Balthasar}, publisher = {Universität Zürich}, title = {Aspect, mood, and time in Belhare: studies in the semantics-pragmatics interface of a Himalayan language}, year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib918, +@incollection{bib922, author = {Bickel, Balthasar}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London}, @@ -8141,7 +8173,7 @@ @incollection{bib918 year = {2003} } -@article{bib919, +@article{bib923, author = {Bickel, Balthasar}, copied_from = {WALS}, journal = {Journal of Linguistic Anthropology}, @@ -8152,7 +8184,7 @@ @article{bib919 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib920, +@incollection{bib924, author = {Bickel, Balthasar}, editor = {Saxena, Anju}, booktitle = {Himalayan languages: past and present}, @@ -8161,7 +8193,7 @@ @incollection{bib920 year = {2004} } -@book{bib921, +@book{bib925, author = {Biddulph, Joseph}, pages = {24}, publisher = {Languages Information Centre}, @@ -8169,7 +8201,7 @@ @book{bib921 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib922, +@incollection{bib926, author = {Bielmeier, Roland}, editor = {Schmitt, Rüdiger}, booktitle = {Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum}, @@ -8178,7 +8210,7 @@ @incollection{bib922 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib923, +@incollection{bib927, author = {Bielmeier, Roland}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Iranica}, local_ids = {96380}, @@ -8187,7 +8219,7 @@ @incollection{bib923 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib924, +@incollection{bib928, author = {Biesbrouck, Karen}, editor = {Biesbrouck, Karen and Elders, Stefan and Rossel, Gerda}, booktitle = {Central African hunter-gatherers in a multidisciplinary perspective: challenging elusiveness}, @@ -8196,7 +8228,7 @@ @incollection{bib924 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib925, +@misc{bib929, author = {Biesele, Megan}, local_ids = {24580}, title = {"Community-Based Digital Documentation of Ju|'hoan (ktz) and =X'ao-||'aen (aue): Audio, Video and Text Archives of Language and Culture Diversity" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -8204,7 +8236,7 @@ @misc{bib925 year = {2011} } -@article{bib926, +@article{bib930, author = {Biesele, Megan}, journal = {Khoisan Special Intererest Group: Newsletter}, pages = {3-33}, @@ -8213,7 +8245,7 @@ @article{bib926 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib927, +@incollection{bib931, author = {Biesele, Megan}, editor = {Traill, Anthony and Vossen, Rainer and Biesele, Megan}, address = {Köln}, @@ -8227,14 +8259,14 @@ @incollection{bib927 year = {1995} } -@book{bib928, +@book{bib932, author = {Biggs, B.}, publisher = {Auckland University Press}, title = {English-Maori, Maori-English dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib929, +@article{bib933, author = {Bilal, Clement Murba Wau}, journal = {Occasional Papers in the Study of Sudanese Languages}, pages = {175-183}, @@ -8243,7 +8275,7 @@ @article{bib929 year = {2004} } -@book{bib930, +@book{bib934, author = {Biligiri, Hemmige Shriniwasarangachar}, address = {Poona}, publisher = {Postgraduate and Research Institute, Deccan College}, @@ -8252,7 +8284,7 @@ @book{bib930 year = {1965} } -@article{bib931, +@article{bib935, author = {Bink, G. L.}, journal = {Tijdschrift Bataviaasch Genootschap}, pages = {59-89}, @@ -8261,14 +8293,14 @@ @article{bib931 year = {1902} } -@book{bib932, +@book{bib936, author = {Biocca, Ettore}, publisher = {Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche}, title = {Viaggi tra gli Indi: Alto Rio Negro - Alto Orinoco : appunti di un biologo}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib933, +@misc{bib937, author = {Birchall, Joshua}, local_ids = {24702}, title = {"Documentation of the Oro Win language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -8276,7 +8308,7 @@ @misc{bib933 year = {2011} } -@mastersthesis{bib934, +@mastersthesis{bib938, author = {Bird, Brian Arnett}, local_ids = {96383}, school = {University of Oregon}, @@ -8284,7 +8316,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib934 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib935, +@incollection{bib939, author = {Birjukovich, R. M.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -8293,7 +8325,7 @@ @incollection{bib935 year = {1997} } -@book{bib936, +@book{bib940, author = {Birk, D. B. W.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -8302,7 +8334,7 @@ @book{bib936 year = {1976} } -@book{bib937, +@book{bib941, author = {Birk, D. B. W.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, @@ -8311,7 +8343,7 @@ @book{bib937 year = {1975} } -@book{bib938, +@book{bib942, author = {Birnbaum, S.A.}, institution = {YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Inc.}, local_ids = {90282}, @@ -8321,7 +8353,7 @@ @book{bib938 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib939, +@incollection{bib943, author = {Birtalan, Ágnes}, editor = {Janhunen, Juha}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -8332,20 +8364,20 @@ @incollection{bib939 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib940, +@misc{bib944, author = {Bischoff, Shannon T.}, title = {Functional forms -- formal functions: An account of Coeur d'Alene Clause Structure}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib941, +@book{bib945, author = {Bissengué, Victor}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, title = {Contribution à l’histoire ancienne des pygmées: l’exemple des aka}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib942, +@article{bib946, author = {Bista, Dor Bahadur}, journal = {Kailash -- A Journal of Himalayan Studies}, number = {4}, @@ -8355,7 +8387,7 @@ @article{bib942 year = {1976} } -@book{bib943, +@book{bib947, author = {Björverud, Susanna}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, isbn = {91-628-3138-0}, @@ -8366,7 +8398,7 @@ @book{bib943 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib944, +@incollection{bib948, author = {Black, Paul}, editor = {Fortescue, Michael and Jensen, Eva Skafte and Mogensen, Jens Erik and Schøsler, Lene}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -8378,7 +8410,7 @@ @incollection{bib944 year = {2005} } -@book{bib945, +@book{bib949, author = {Black, Nancy and Bolli, Verena and Ticsi Z., Eusebio}, pages = {406}, publisher = {Dirección Departamental de Educación-Pasco and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -8386,7 +8418,7 @@ @book{bib945 year = {1990} } -@article{bib946, +@article{bib950, author = {Black, Paul}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -8396,7 +8428,7 @@ @article{bib946 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib947, +@incollection{bib951, author = {McConvell, Patrick and Day, Ron and Black, Paul}, editor = {Austin, Peter}, booktitle = {Australian Aboriginal Lexicography}, @@ -8409,7 +8441,7 @@ @incollection{bib947 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib948, +@incollection{bib952, author = {Black, Paul}, editor = {Walsh, Michael and Yallop, Colin}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -8424,7 +8456,7 @@ @incollection{bib948 year = {1993} } -@book{bib949, +@book{bib953, author = {Black, K. and Black, B.}, publisher = {Sudan Research Unit, University of Khartoum}, series = {Linguistics Monograph Series}, @@ -8433,7 +8465,7 @@ @book{bib949 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib950, +@misc{bib954, author = {Black and Black, Barbara; and Peter}, local_ids = {99541}, month = {February}, @@ -8441,7 +8473,7 @@ @misc{bib950 year = {2009} } -@article{bib951, +@article{bib955, author = {Black-Rogers, Mary B.}, journal = {Papers in Linguistics}, pages = {59-76}, @@ -8450,7 +8482,7 @@ @article{bib951 year = {1982} } -@book{bib952, +@book{bib956, author = {Blackbird, Andrew J.}, address = {Ypsilanti, Michigan}, publisher = {Ypsilantian Job Printing House}, @@ -8458,7 +8490,7 @@ @book{bib952 year = {1887} } -@incollection{bib953, +@incollection{bib957, author = {Blackburn, Roderic H.}, editor = {Miller, Marc S.}, booktitle = {State of the Peoples: A Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger}, @@ -8466,7 +8498,7 @@ @incollection{bib953 year = {1993} } -@article{bib954, +@article{bib958, author = {Blackburn, R. H.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {1}, @@ -8476,7 +8508,7 @@ @article{bib954 year = {1986} } -@book{bib955, +@book{bib959, author = {Blake, Barry J.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -8486,7 +8518,7 @@ @book{bib955 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib956, +@incollection{bib960, author = {Blake, Barry J.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals Australian Aboriginal Studies 38, Linguistic Series 16}, @@ -8496,7 +8528,7 @@ @incollection{bib956 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib957, +@incollection{bib961, author = {Blake, Barry J.}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -8505,13 +8537,13 @@ @incollection{bib957 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib958, +@misc{bib962, author = {Blake, Fiona}, title = {Spatial Reference in Momu}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib959, +@book{bib963, author = {Blake, Barry J.}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, series = {Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -8520,7 +8552,7 @@ @book{bib959 year = {1969} } -@book{bib960, +@book{bib964, author = {Blake, Barry J. and Breen, J. Gavan}, publisher = {Monash University}, series = {Linguistic Communications}, @@ -8529,7 +8561,7 @@ @book{bib960 year = {1971} } -@book{bib961, +@book{bib965, author = {Blanchy, Sophie}, pages = {55}, publisher = {Centre National de Documentation et de Recherche Scientifique (CNDRS)}, @@ -8537,7 +8569,7 @@ @book{bib961 year = {1989} } -@book{bib962, +@book{bib966, author = {Blanchy, Sophie}, pages = {224}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, @@ -8545,21 +8577,21 @@ @book{bib962 year = {1996} } -@book{bib963, +@book{bib967, author = {Blanchy, Sophie}, publisher = {Centre Mahorais d’Animation Culturelle (CMAC)}, title = {L’interprête mahorais-français et français-mahorais}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib964, +@book{bib968, author = {Blasco, F. E.}, publisher = {Edizione della Torre}, title = {La Lingua Sarda Contemporanea}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib965, +@incollection{bib969, author = {Blažek, Václav}, editor = {Bengtson, John D.}, booktitle = {In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the four fields of anthropology In honor of Harold Crane Fleming}, @@ -8568,7 +8600,7 @@ @incollection{bib965 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib966, +@incollection{bib970, author = {Blažek, Václav}, editor = {Reh, Mechthild and Payne, Doris L.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -8583,7 +8615,7 @@ @incollection{bib966 year = {2007} } -@book{bib967, +@book{bib971, author = {Bleek, D. F.}, address = {New Haven}, pages = {xii, 773}, @@ -8594,7 +8626,7 @@ @book{bib967 year = {1956} } -@book{bib968, +@book{bib972, author = {Bleek, W. H. I.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Trübner}, @@ -8602,7 +8634,7 @@ @book{bib968 year = {1862} } -@article{bib969, +@article{bib973, author = {Bleek, D. F.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {52-72}, @@ -8611,7 +8643,7 @@ @article{bib969 year = {1939-1940} } -@article{bib970, +@article{bib974, author = {Bleek, D. F.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {81-98}, @@ -8620,7 +8652,7 @@ @article{bib970 year = {1928-1929} } -@article{bib971, +@article{bib975, author = {Bleek, D. F.}, editor = {Jones, J. D. R.}, booktitle = {Bushmen of the Southern Kalahari}, @@ -8631,7 +8663,7 @@ @article{bib971 year = {1937} } -@incollection{bib972, +@incollection{bib976, author = {Bleek, W. H. I.}, editor = {Noble, Roderick}, booktitle = {The Cape and its people, and other essays}, @@ -8640,7 +8672,7 @@ @incollection{bib972 year = {1869} } -@book{bib973, +@book{bib977, author = {Duggan-Cronin, A. M. and Bleek, D. F.}, address = {Kimberley}, publisher = {Alexander McGregor Memorial Museum}, @@ -8648,7 +8680,7 @@ @book{bib973 year = {1942} } -@book{bib974, +@book{bib978, author = {Bleek, Dorothy F.}, pages = {55-64}, publisher = {L. Friederichsen}, @@ -8656,7 +8688,7 @@ @book{bib974 year = {1927} } -@article{bib975, +@article{bib979, author = {Bleek, D. F.}, journal = {Africa}, number = {3}, @@ -8666,7 +8698,7 @@ @article{bib975 year = {1931} } -@article{bib976, +@article{bib980, author = {Bleek, Dorothea Frances}, journal = {Africa}, number = {3}, @@ -8676,7 +8708,7 @@ @article{bib976 year = {1931} } -@article{bib977, +@article{bib981, author = {Bleek, Dorothea Frances}, journal = {South African journal of science}, pages = {423-429}, @@ -8685,19 +8717,19 @@ @article{bib977 year = {1931} } -@misc{bib978, +@misc{bib982, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {A dictionary of the Izere language of Fobur}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib979, +@misc{bib983, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Adjective morphology in Eastern Berom}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib980, +@book{bib984, author = {Blench, Roger}, address = {Cambridge}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -8709,7 +8741,7 @@ @book{bib980 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib981, +@misc{bib985, author = {Blench, Roger}, edition = {3}, institution = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, @@ -8721,7 +8753,7 @@ @misc{bib981 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib982, +@misc{bib986, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {98493}, title = {An Introduction to Zul}, @@ -8729,7 +8761,7 @@ @misc{bib982 year = {2014} } -@article{bib983, +@article{bib987, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Journal of West African languages}, local_ids = {98386}, @@ -8739,7 +8771,7 @@ @article{bib983 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib984, +@misc{bib988, author = {Connell, Bruce and Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {98388}, title = {A preliminary assessment of Ndoola (Ndoro)}, @@ -8747,7 +8779,7 @@ @misc{bib984 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib985, +@incollection{bib989, author = {Blench, Roger}, editor = {Biesboruck, Karen and Elders, Stefan and Rossel, Gerda}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -8760,7 +8792,7 @@ @incollection{bib985 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib986, +@misc{bib990, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Unpublished Manuscript}, @@ -8769,14 +8801,14 @@ @misc{bib986 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib987, +@misc{bib991, author = {Elders, Stefan and Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {91841}, title = {A wordlist of Mono, a highly endangered Adamawa language of Cameroun}, url = {http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/Adamawa/Elders%%20Mono%%20wordlist%%20Unicode.pdf} } -@misc{bib988, +@misc{bib992, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {91880}, title = {A wordlist of the Ninzo language of Central Nigeria and its affinities}, @@ -8784,7 +8816,7 @@ @misc{bib988 year = {2011} } -@article{bib989, +@article{bib993, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {147-178}, @@ -8793,20 +8825,20 @@ @article{bib989 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib990, +@misc{bib994, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {Bangime, a language of unknown affiliation in northern Mali}, url = {http://www.rogerblench.info/Language%%20data/Isolates/Bangime%%20wordlist%%20paper.pdf}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib991, +@misc{bib995, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {Comparative Beromic}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib992, +@incollection{bib996, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, editor = {Blench, Roger M. and Spriggs, Matthew}, booktitle = {Archaeology and language, 1: theoretical and methodological orientations One world archaeology series, #27}, @@ -8816,14 +8848,14 @@ @incollection{bib992 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib993, +@misc{bib997, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {Draft proposal for a writing system for Idu Mishmi, a language of Arunachal Pradesh}, url = {http://www.academia.edu/11434004/Draft_proposal_for_a_writing_system_for_Idu_Mishmi_a_language_of_Arunachal_Pradesh}, year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib994, +@incollection{bib998, author = {Blench, Roger}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -8838,7 +8870,7 @@ @incollection{bib994 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib995, +@misc{bib999, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {91881}, title = {Fam wordlist with Ndoola corresponding terms}, @@ -8846,7 +8878,7 @@ @misc{bib995 year = {2014} } -@article{bib996, +@article{bib1000, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Ogmios Newsletter}, local_ids = {2021}, @@ -8858,7 +8890,7 @@ @article{bib996 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib997, +@misc{bib1001, author = {Blench, Roger}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {91842}, @@ -8866,7 +8898,7 @@ @misc{bib997 url = {http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/GTML%%20Website/GTMLanguagetables/GTMLlocations.htm} } -@misc{bib998, +@misc{bib1002, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {91882}, title = {Isu fish names}, @@ -8874,13 +8906,13 @@ @misc{bib998 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib999, +@misc{bib1003, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Izere dictionary}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1000, +@misc{bib1004, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {5th International Conference of Cushitic and Omotic languages}, @@ -8890,7 +8922,7 @@ @misc{bib1000 year = {2008} } -@article{bib1001, +@article{bib1005, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Ogmios Newsletter}, local_ids = {98492}, @@ -8901,7 +8933,7 @@ @article{bib1001 year = {2004} } -@article{bib1002, +@article{bib1006, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, journal = {Ogmios}, pages = {(?}, @@ -8910,19 +8942,19 @@ @article{bib1002 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib1003, +@misc{bib1007, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Plural verb morphology in Eastern Berom}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1004, +@misc{bib1008, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Plural verb morphology in Fobur Izere}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1005, +@article{bib1009, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Ogmios}, @@ -8934,7 +8966,7 @@ @article{bib1005 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1006, +@article{bib1010, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Ogmios Newsletter}, local_ids = {2041}, @@ -8946,7 +8978,7 @@ @article{bib1006 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib1007, +@misc{bib1011, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript March 10, 2007}, @@ -8956,7 +8988,7 @@ @misc{bib1007 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1008, +@article{bib1012, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Ogmios}, @@ -8967,7 +8999,7 @@ @article{bib1008 year = {2004} } -@book{bib1009, +@book{bib1013, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, pages = {(?}, publisher = {Ogmios. (?)}, @@ -8976,7 +9008,7 @@ @book{bib1009 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1010, +@misc{bib1014, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {3063}, @@ -8985,13 +9017,13 @@ @misc{bib1010 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1011, +@misc{bib1015, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Temein, Tese and Keiga Jirru wordlists from R.~C.~Stevenson's Nachlass}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1012, +@misc{bib1016, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 2, 2006}, @@ -9000,7 +9032,7 @@ @misc{bib1012 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1013, +@misc{bib1017, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 4, 2006}, @@ -9010,7 +9042,7 @@ @misc{bib1013 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1014, +@misc{bib1018, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {98458}, title = {The Bu language of Central Nigeria and its affinities}, @@ -9018,7 +9050,7 @@ @misc{bib1014 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1015, +@misc{bib1019, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 3, 2006}, @@ -9027,19 +9059,19 @@ @misc{bib1015 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1016, +@misc{bib1020, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The D~ex͡topeno (Dong) language and its affinities}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1017, +@misc{bib1021, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Dyarim language of Central Nigeria and its affinities}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib1018, +@incollection{bib1022, author = {Blench, Roger}, editor = {Tourneux, Henry}, booktitle = {Topics in Chadic Linguistics III: Historical Studies: Papers from the 3rd Biennial International Colloquium on Chadic Languages}, @@ -9049,7 +9081,7 @@ @incollection{bib1018 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1019, +@article{bib1023, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Ogmios Newsletter}, local_ids = {98497}, @@ -9060,7 +9092,7 @@ @article{bib1019 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1020, +@misc{bib1024, author = {Blench, Roger}, howpublished = {Manuscript}, local_ids = {90700}, @@ -9069,7 +9101,7 @@ @misc{bib1020 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1021, +@misc{bib1025, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 9, 2006}, @@ -9078,31 +9110,31 @@ @misc{bib1021 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1022, +@misc{bib1026, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {The Ganang language of central Nigeria and its affinities}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1023, +@misc{bib1027, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Hasha Language of Central Nigeria and its Affinities}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1024, +@misc{bib1028, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Idũ language of Central Nigeria: Phonology, wordlist and suggestions for orthography changes}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1025, +@misc{bib1029, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Jijili (Koro) Language of Central Nigeria and its Affinities}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1026, +@misc{bib1030, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 3, 2006}, @@ -9111,7 +9143,7 @@ @misc{bib1026 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1027, +@article{bib1031, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {179-202}, @@ -9120,7 +9152,7 @@ @article{bib1027 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1028, +@misc{bib1032, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Unpublished Manuscript}, @@ -9130,7 +9162,7 @@ @misc{bib1028 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1029, +@misc{bib1033, author = {Blench, Roger}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Draft Manuscript January 7, 2006}, @@ -9139,7 +9171,7 @@ @misc{bib1029 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1030, +@article{bib1034, author = {Blench, Roger}, journal = {Nilo-Saharan Newsletter, N.S.}, pages = {3-16}, @@ -9148,13 +9180,13 @@ @article{bib1030 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib1031, +@misc{bib1035, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {The strange case of Ganang}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1032, +@misc{bib1036, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {33222}, @@ -9164,19 +9196,19 @@ @misc{bib1032 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1033, +@misc{bib1037, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Tahoss Dialect of the Berom Language of Central Nigeria and its Affinities}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1034, +@misc{bib1038, author = {Blench, Roger}, title = {The Tinex͡topenor [= Koro Waci] language of Central Nigeria and its affinities}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib1035, +@article{bib1039, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, journal = {Frankfurter afrikanistische Blätter}, pages = {7-26}, @@ -9185,7 +9217,7 @@ @article{bib1035 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib1036, +@misc{bib1040, author = {Blench, Roger}, local_ids = {96820}, title = {Wordlist of the Sirzakwai (Warji) language with Hausa and English equivalents}, @@ -9193,13 +9225,13 @@ @misc{bib1036 year = {n.d.} } -@misc{bib1037, +@misc{bib1041, author = {Blench, Roger M.}, title = {Wordlists of Batu, Kamino and Buru languages spoken in southern Taraba State, Nigeria}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1038, +@article{bib1042, author = {Blevins, Juliette}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -9209,7 +9241,7 @@ @article{bib1038 year = {2007} } -@book{bib1039, +@book{bib1043, author = {Blevins, Juliette}, address = {Honolulu}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, @@ -9219,7 +9251,7 @@ @book{bib1039 year = {2001} } -@article{bib1040, +@article{bib1044, author = {Blevins, Juliette}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -9229,7 +9261,7 @@ @article{bib1040 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1041, +@book{bib1045, author = {Bley, Fritz}, pages = {vi, 140}, publisher = {Verlagshandlung Paul Parey}, @@ -9237,21 +9269,21 @@ @book{bib1041 year = {1891} } -@book{bib1042, +@book{bib1046, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, publisher = {University of Michigan Press}, title = {Eastern Ojibwa: Grammatical Sketch, Texts and Word List}, year = {1957} } -@book{bib1043, +@book{bib1047, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, publisher = {Holt}, title = {Language}, year = {1933} } -@article{bib1044, +@article{bib1048, author = {Bloomfield, L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {219-232, 181-219}, @@ -9260,7 +9292,7 @@ @article{bib1044 year = {1925} } -@book{bib1045, +@book{bib1049, author = {Bloomfield, Leonard}, address = {New Haven}, publisher = {Yale University Press}, @@ -9268,7 +9300,7 @@ @book{bib1045 year = {1962} } -@book{bib1046, +@book{bib1050, author = {Blundell, David}, publisher = {Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association (Australian National University).}, title = {Revisiting cultural heritage in Sri Lanka: The Vedda (Vanniyaletto)}, @@ -9276,7 +9308,7 @@ @book{bib1046 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1047, +@article{bib1051, author = {Blundell, David}, journal = {Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association}, pages = {23-28}, @@ -9285,7 +9317,7 @@ @article{bib1047 year = {2012} } -@article{bib1048, +@article{bib1052, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Hawkes, Kristen and O’Connell, James F.}, journal = {American journal of human biology}, number = {2}, @@ -9295,7 +9327,7 @@ @article{bib1048 year = {2002} } -@article{bib1049, +@article{bib1053, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Smith, Lars C. and O’Connell, James F. and Hawkes, Kristen and Kamuzora, C.L.}, journal = {American journal of physical anthropology}, pages = {159-181}, @@ -9304,7 +9336,7 @@ @article{bib1049 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib1050, +@incollection{bib1054, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Hawkes, Kristen and Draper [Harpending], Patricia}, editor = {Burch jnr, Ernest S. and Ellana, Linda J.}, booktitle = {Key issues in hunter-gatherer research}, @@ -9313,7 +9345,7 @@ @incollection{bib1050 year = {1994} } -@article{bib1051, +@article{bib1055, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Hawkes, Kristen and Draper [Harpending], Patricia}, journal = {Journal of anthropological research}, number = {3}, @@ -9323,7 +9355,7 @@ @article{bib1051 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib1052, +@incollection{bib1056, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Hawkes, Kristen and O’Connell, James F.}, editor = {Standen, V. and Foley, R.A.}, booktitle = {Comparative socioecology Special publ. from the British Ecological Soc., #8}, @@ -9332,7 +9364,7 @@ @incollection{bib1052 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib1053, +@incollection{bib1057, author = {Blurton Jones, Nicholas G. and Hawkes, Kristen and O’Connell, James F.}, editor = {Kent, Susan}, booktitle = {Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: an African perspective}, @@ -9341,7 +9373,7 @@ @incollection{bib1053 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib1054, +@incollection{bib1058, author = {Blust, Robert}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 23 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -9352,7 +9384,7 @@ @incollection{bib1054 year = {1984} } -@article{bib1055, +@article{bib1059, author = {Blust, Robert}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -9362,14 +9394,14 @@ @article{bib1055 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib1056, +@misc{bib1060, author = {Blust, Robert}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Reference Grammar of Kove" NSF DEL Abstract}, url = {http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1053199&WT.z_pims_id=12816}, year = {2011} } -@article{bib1057, +@article{bib1061, author = {Blust, Robert}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {95240}, @@ -9379,7 +9411,7 @@ @article{bib1057 year = {2002} } -@article{bib1058, +@article{bib1062, author = {Blust, Robert}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {1-53}, @@ -9388,7 +9420,7 @@ @article{bib1058 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1059, +@article{bib1063, author = {Blust, Robert}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -9398,7 +9430,7 @@ @article{bib1059 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1060, +@book{bib1064, author = {Blust, Robert}, address = {Taipei}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -9409,7 +9441,7 @@ @book{bib1060 year = {2003} } -@book{bib1061, +@book{bib1065, author = {Blust, Robert A.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99434}, @@ -9418,7 +9450,7 @@ @book{bib1061 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib1062, +@incollection{bib1066, author = {Bläsing, Uwe}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -9429,14 +9461,14 @@ @incollection{bib1062 year = {2003} } -@book{bib1063, +@book{bib1067, author = {Bo, Wenze 薄文澤}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {木佬語研究 A study of Mulao}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib1064, +@book{bib1068, author = {Boafo, Ebenezer and Kluge, Angela}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {33401}, @@ -9448,7 +9480,7 @@ @book{bib1064 year = {2010} } -@article{bib1065, +@article{bib1069, author = {Boas, Franz}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-104}, @@ -9457,7 +9489,7 @@ @article{bib1065 year = {1927} } -@book{bib1066, +@book{bib1070, author = {Boas, Franz and Deloria, Ella}, publisher = {U.S. Government Printing Office}, series = {Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences}, @@ -9466,7 +9498,7 @@ @book{bib1066 year = {1941} } -@book{bib1067, +@book{bib1071, author = {Boas, Franz}, publisher = {University of Pennsylvania}, series = {University of Pennsylvania University Museum Anthropological Publications}, @@ -9475,7 +9507,7 @@ @book{bib1067 year = {1917} } -@book{bib1068, +@book{bib1072, author = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution}, @@ -9485,7 +9517,39 @@ @book{bib1068 year = {1918} } -@article{bib1069, +@incollection{bib1073, + author = {Boas, Franz}, + editor = {Boas, Franz}, + address = {Washington}, + booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian languages: Volume 1 Bulletin of American Ethnology}, + pages = {423-558}, + publisher = {Government Printing Office}, + title = {Kwakiutl}, + volume = {40}, + year = {1911} +} + +@article{bib1074, + author = {Boas, Franz}, + journal = {Transactions of the American Philosophical Society}, + pages = {203-377}, + title = {Kwakiutl grammar, with a glossary of the suffixes}, + volume = {37}, + year = {1947} +} + +@incollection{bib1075, + author = {Boas, Franz and Hunt, George}, + editor = {Boas, Franz}, + booktitle = {The Jesup North Pacific Expedition 3 Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History}, + pages = {1-3}, + publisher = {G. E. Stechert}, + title = {Kwakiutl Texts}, + volume = {5}, + year = {1905} +} + +@article{bib1076, author = {Boas, Franz}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, pages = {78-86}, @@ -9494,7 +9558,7 @@ @article{bib1069 year = {1913} } -@book{bib1070, +@book{bib1077, author = {Boas, Franz}, pages = {317-337}, publisher = {Dussault & Proulx}, @@ -9502,7 +9566,7 @@ @book{bib1070 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib1071, +@incollection{bib1078, author = {Boas, Franz and Swanton, J.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian Languages 1 Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, @@ -9513,7 +9577,17 @@ @incollection{bib1071 year = {1911} } -@incollection{bib1072, +@article{bib1079, + author = {Boas, Franz}, + journal = {American Anthropologist}, + number = {4}, + pages = {708-721}, + title = {Sketch of the Kwakiutl Language}, + volume = {2}, + year = {1900} +} + +@incollection{bib1080, author = {Boas, Franz}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington}, @@ -9525,7 +9599,7 @@ @incollection{bib1072 year = {1911} } -@article{bib1073, +@article{bib1081, author = {Boas, Franz}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {136}, @@ -9535,7 +9609,7 @@ @article{bib1073 year = {1891} } -@article{bib1074, +@article{bib1082, author = {Boas, F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -9545,7 +9619,17 @@ @article{bib1074 year = {1924} } -@misc{bib1075, +@article{bib1083, + author = {Boas, Franz}, + journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, + number = {140}, + pages = {34-82}, + title = {Vocabulary of the Kwakiutl language}, + volume = {31}, + year = {1893} +} + +@misc{bib1084, author = {Bobaljik, Jonathan}, local_ids = {2442}, title = {"Collaborative Research: Integrated Audio/Video Documentation of Itelmen [itl]" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -9553,13 +9637,13 @@ @misc{bib1075 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1076, +@misc{bib1085, author = {Bodley, John H.}, title = {Campa Socio-Economic Adaptation}, year = {1970} } -@article{bib1077, +@article{bib1086, author = {Bodt and Adrianus, Timotheus and and Lieberherr, Ismael}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {1}, @@ -9569,7 +9653,7 @@ @article{bib1077 year = {2015} } -@book{bib1078, +@book{bib1087, author = {Boelaars, J. H. M. C.}, address = {Leiden}, publisher = {E. J. Brill}, @@ -9577,7 +9661,7 @@ @book{bib1078 year = {1950} } -@misc{bib1079, +@misc{bib1088, author = {Bogale, Yeshimebet}, local_ids = {99493}, month = {October}, @@ -9587,7 +9671,7 @@ @misc{bib1079 year = {2017} } -@article{bib1080, +@article{bib1089, author = {Boggiani, Guido}, address = {Roma}, journal = {Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana}, @@ -9599,7 +9683,7 @@ @article{bib1080 year = {1894} } -@book{bib1081, +@book{bib1090, author = {Boggiani, Guido}, pages = {149-175, 227-241}, publisher = {Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina. CVIII}, @@ -9607,7 +9691,7 @@ @book{bib1081 year = {1929} } -@incollection{bib1082, +@incollection{bib1091, author = {Boglár, Lajos}, booktitle = {Verhandlungen des XXXVIII Internationalen Amerikanistenkongresses, Stuttgart-München, 1968}, pages = {23-27}, @@ -9615,7 +9699,7 @@ @incollection{bib1082 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib1083, +@incollection{bib1092, author = {Bogoras, W.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington}, @@ -9627,7 +9711,7 @@ @incollection{bib1083 year = {1922} } -@book{bib1084, +@book{bib1093, author = {Bogoras, Waldemar}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Publications of the American Ethnological Society}, @@ -9635,7 +9719,7 @@ @book{bib1084 year = {1917} } -@article{bib1085, +@article{bib1094, author = {Bogoras, Waldemar}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {1}, @@ -9645,13 +9729,13 @@ @article{bib1085 year = {1901} } -@misc{bib1086, +@misc{bib1095, author = {Boguslavskaja, Ol'ga}, title = {Struktura imennoj gruppy: opredelitel'nye konstrukcii v dagestanskix jazykax}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib1087, +@article{bib1096, author = {O’Meara, Carolyn and Bohnemeyer, Jürgen}, journal = {Language Science}, pages = {316-339}, @@ -9660,7 +9744,7 @@ @article{bib1087 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib1088, +@incollection{bib1097, author = {Bokarev, E. A.}, editor = {Bokarev, E. A. and Lomtatidze, K. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 4: Iberijsko-kavkazskie jazyki}, @@ -9669,14 +9753,14 @@ @incollection{bib1088 year = {1967} } -@book{bib1089, +@book{bib1098, author = {Bokarev, E. A.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR}, title = {Cezskie (didojskie) jazyki Dagestana}, year = {1959} } -@article{bib1090, +@article{bib1099, author = {Bokula, F.-X.}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, pages = {63-84}, @@ -9685,13 +9769,13 @@ @article{bib1090 year = {1970} } -@misc{bib1091, +@misc{bib1100, author = {Bold, Luvsandorjiyn}, title = {Uigar uriankhai khelnii ontslog}, year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib1092, +@incollection{bib1101, author = {Bole-Richard, Rémy}, editor = {Hérault, Georges}, booktitle = {Atlas des Langues Kwa}, @@ -9699,7 +9783,7 @@ @incollection{bib1092 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib1093, +@incollection{bib1102, author = {Bole-Richard, Rémy}, editor = {Hérault, G.}, booktitle = {Atlas et Études sociolinguistiques des États du Conseil de l'entente}, @@ -9708,7 +9792,7 @@ @incollection{bib1093 year = {1983} } -@article{bib1094, +@article{bib1103, author = {Bollig, Michael}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {35-50}, @@ -9717,7 +9801,7 @@ @article{bib1094 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1095, +@book{bib1104, author = {Bollig, Michael and Mbunguha, Tjakazapi Janson}, pages = {352}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe Verlag}, @@ -9726,7 +9810,7 @@ @book{bib1095 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib1096, +@incollection{bib1105, author = {Bollig, Michael}, editor = {Behrend, Heike and Geider, Thomas}, booktitle = {Afrikaner schreiben zurück}, @@ -9735,7 +9819,7 @@ @incollection{bib1096 year = {1998} } -@article{bib1097, +@article{bib1106, author = {Bombay, Elaine}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -9746,7 +9830,7 @@ @article{bib1097 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1098, +@article{bib1107, author = {Bon, Noëllie}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society}, @@ -9760,7 +9844,7 @@ @article{bib1098 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1099, +@misc{bib1108, author = {Bon, Noëllie}, pages = {645}, title = {Une grammaire de la langue stieng, langue en danger du Cambodge et du Vietnam}, @@ -9768,14 +9852,14 @@ @misc{bib1099 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1100, +@misc{bib1109, author = {Boney, Roy}, local_ids = {99484}, title = {Personal Communication on Cherokee}, year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib1101, +@incollection{bib1110, author = {Bonnemère, Pascale}, editor = {Hladik, C. M. and Hladik, A. and Linares, O. F. and Pagezy, H. and Semple, A. and Hadle, M.}, address = {Paris}, @@ -9787,7 +9871,7 @@ @incollection{bib1101 year = {1993} } -@article{bib1102, +@article{bib1111, author = {Bonnerjea, B.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {509-532, 837-850, 141-157, 456-469}, @@ -9796,7 +9880,7 @@ @article{bib1102 year = {1935, 1935, 1936, 1936} } -@book{bib1103, +@book{bib1112, author = {Bonvillain, Nancy}, address = {Ottawa}, publisher = {National Museum of Man, National Museums of Canada}, @@ -9806,7 +9890,7 @@ @book{bib1103 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib1104, +@misc{bib1113, author = {Boone, Douglas W.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, @@ -9817,7 +9901,7 @@ @misc{bib1104 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib1105, +@misc{bib1114, author = {Boone, Douglas W.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, @@ -9827,7 +9911,7 @@ @misc{bib1105 year = {1992} } -@book{bib1106, +@book{bib1115, author = {Borba, Telemâco}, address = {Curitiba}, publisher = {Impressora Paranaense}, @@ -9835,7 +9919,7 @@ @book{bib1106 year = {1908} } -@article{bib1107, +@article{bib1116, author = {Borba, Telemaco M.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, pages = {53-62}, @@ -9844,7 +9928,7 @@ @article{bib1107 year = {1904} } -@book{bib1108, +@book{bib1117, author = {Borchers, Dörte}, address = {Leiden}, isbn = {9789004167094}, @@ -9858,14 +9942,14 @@ @book{bib1108 year = {2008} } -@book{bib1109, +@book{bib1118, author = {Boretzky, Norbert}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Bugurdz: Deskriptiver und historischer Abriss eines Romani-Dialekts}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib1110, +@book{bib1119, author = {Boretzky, Norbert}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, series = {Balkanologische Veröffentlichungen}, @@ -9874,7 +9958,7 @@ @book{bib1110 year = {1994} } -@book{bib1111, +@book{bib1120, author = {Borgatello, Maggiorino}, pages = {433-458}, publisher = {R.~Garroni}, @@ -9882,20 +9966,20 @@ @book{bib1111 year = {1928} } -@misc{bib1112, +@misc{bib1121, author = {Borges, Luiz Carlos}, pages = {104}, title = {A língua Geral Amazônica: Aspectos de sua fonêmica}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib1113, +@misc{bib1122, author = {Borges, Mônica Veloso}, title = {Aspectos Fonológicos e Morfossintáticos da Língua Avá-Canoeiro (Tupi-Guarani)}, year = {2006} } -@phdthesis{bib1114, +@phdthesis{bib1123, author = {Borgia, Melissa E.}, institution = {Indiana University of Pennsylvania}, local_ids = {98481}, @@ -9905,7 +9989,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib1114 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1115, +@incollection{bib1124, author = {Borgman, Donald M.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 2}, @@ -9914,7 +9998,7 @@ @incollection{bib1115 year = {1990} } -@article{bib1116, +@article{bib1125, author = {Borgman, Donald M. and Cue, Sandra L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {222-229}, @@ -9923,13 +10007,13 @@ @article{bib1116 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib1117, +@misc{bib1126, author = {Borgonha, Mirtes Cristiane}, title = {História e Etnografia Ofayé: Estudo sobre um grupo indígena do Centro-Oeste brasileiro}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1118, +@article{bib1127, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica}, local_ids = {99191}, @@ -9939,7 +10023,7 @@ @article{bib1118 year = {2013} } -@article{bib1119, +@article{bib1128, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {96063}, @@ -9948,7 +10032,7 @@ @article{bib1119 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib1120, +@incollection{bib1129, author = {Borjian, Habib}, booktitle = {Encyclopædia Iranica}, title = {JOWŠAQĀN ii. The Dialect}, @@ -9956,7 +10040,7 @@ @incollection{bib1120 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib1121, +@incollection{bib1130, author = {Borjian, Habib}, editor = {Rubin, Aaron D. and Kahn, Lily}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -9967,7 +10051,7 @@ @incollection{bib1121 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib1122, +@incollection{bib1131, author = {Borjian, Habib}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Iranica}, local_ids = {99188}, @@ -9976,7 +10060,7 @@ @incollection{bib1122 year = {2015} } -@article{bib1123, +@article{bib1132, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {96062}, @@ -9985,7 +10069,7 @@ @article{bib1123 year = {2013} } -@book{bib1124, +@book{bib1133, author = {Borjian, Habib}, local_ids = {96282}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -9993,21 +10077,21 @@ @book{bib1124 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1125, +@misc{bib1134, author = {Borjian, Habib}, local_ids = {94800}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2013} } -@misc{bib1126, +@misc{bib1135, author = {Borjian, Habib}, local_ids = {99391}, title = {Personal Communication on Farvi}, year = {2017} } -@misc{bib1127, +@misc{bib1136, author = {Borjian, Habib}, local_ids = {99254}, month = {May 24}, @@ -10015,14 +10099,14 @@ @misc{bib1127 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib1128, +@misc{bib1137, author = {Borjian, Habib}, local_ids = {99204}, title = {Personal communication on Kuhpayi}, year = {2016} } -@article{bib1129, +@article{bib1138, author = {Asatrian, Garnik and Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Iran & the Caucasus}, number = {1}, @@ -10032,7 +10116,7 @@ @article{bib1129 year = {2005} } -@article{bib1130, +@article{bib1139, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hung}, local_ids = {99184}, @@ -10045,7 +10129,7 @@ @article{bib1130 year = {2014} } -@article{bib1131, +@article{bib1140, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Archiv Orientální}, local_ids = {99190}, @@ -10057,7 +10141,7 @@ @article{bib1131 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib1132, +@incollection{bib1141, author = {Borjian, Habib}, booktitle = {Encyclopædia Iranica}, title = {THE MEDIAN DIALECTS OF KASHAN}, @@ -10065,7 +10149,7 @@ @incollection{bib1132 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1133, +@book{bib1142, author = {Borjian, Habib}, address = {Munich}, isbn = {9783862884254}, @@ -10075,7 +10159,7 @@ @book{bib1133 year = {2013} } -@article{bib1134, +@article{bib1143, author = {Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Journal of Jewish Languages}, number = {2}, @@ -10085,7 +10169,7 @@ @article{bib1134 year = {2014} } -@article{bib1135, +@article{bib1144, author = {Bork, Ferdinand}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {140-156}, @@ -10094,7 +10178,7 @@ @article{bib1135 year = {1912-1913} } -@incollection{bib1136, +@incollection{bib1145, author = {Borman, M. B.}, editor = {Longacre, Robert E. and Woods, Frances}, booktitle = {Discourse grammar: Studies in indigenous languages of Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, part 3 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -10105,7 +10189,7 @@ @incollection{bib1136 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib1137, +@incollection{bib1146, author = {Borman, M. B.}, editor = {Elson, Benjamin F.}, booktitle = {Studies in Ecuadorian Indian languages 1 Linguistic Series}, @@ -10116,21 +10200,21 @@ @incollection{bib1137 year = {1962} } -@book{bib1138, +@book{bib1147, author = {Borman, M. B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Cofan}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib1139, +@book{bib1148, author = {Boro, A.}, publisher = {Arunachal Pradesh Adminstration}, title = {Miju Dictionary}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib1140, +@article{bib1149, author = {Bose, Saradindu}, journal = {Man in India}, number = {4}, @@ -10140,7 +10224,7 @@ @article{bib1140 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib1141, +@incollection{bib1150, author = {Bostoen, Koen}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Peña, Jaime}, booktitle = {Selected proceedings of the 37th annual conference on African linguistics}, @@ -10149,13 +10233,13 @@ @incollection{bib1141 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1142, +@misc{bib1151, author = {Bostrom, P. K.}, title = {Nominalizations and Relative Clauses in Tatuyo: A Prototype Approach}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib1143, +@article{bib1152, author = {Boswood, Joan}, journal = {Série Lingüıstica}, pages = {7-32}, @@ -10164,7 +10248,7 @@ @article{bib1143 year = {1978} } -@article{bib1144, +@article{bib1153, author = {Boswood, Joan}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {67-78}, @@ -10173,7 +10257,7 @@ @article{bib1144 year = {1973} } -@book{bib1145, +@book{bib1154, author = {Boswood, Joan}, pages = {108}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -10181,7 +10265,7 @@ @book{bib1145 year = {1978 [2007]} } -@article{bib1146, +@article{bib1155, author = {Bot, Martin Luther [Dieudonné]}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {(?}, @@ -10190,7 +10274,7 @@ @article{bib1146 year = {1997} } -@article{bib1147, +@article{bib1156, author = {Bot, Martin Luther [Dieudonné]}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {31-43}, @@ -10199,7 +10283,7 @@ @article{bib1147 year = {1997} } -@article{bib1148, +@article{bib1157, author = {Bot, Martin Luther [Dieudonné]}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {47-65}, @@ -10208,21 +10292,21 @@ @article{bib1148 year = {1998} } -@book{bib1149, +@book{bib1158, author = {Botero, Livia Correa}, publisher = {Publicaciones Misioneras de Santa Teresita}, title = {Aprendamos Emberá}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib1150, +@book{bib1159, author = {Bothorel, A.}, publisher = {Atelier National Reproduction des Thèses, Université Lille III}, title = {Étude Phonétique et Phonologique du Breton Parlé à Argol (Finistere-Sud)}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib1151, +@incollection{bib1160, author = {Botne, Robert}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Philippson, Gérard}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -10233,7 +10317,7 @@ @incollection{bib1151 year = {2003} } -@article{bib1152, +@article{bib1161, author = {Bouda, Karl}, journal = {Orbis}, pages = {544-578}, @@ -10242,7 +10326,7 @@ @article{bib1152 year = {1962} } -@article{bib1153, +@article{bib1162, author = {Boudin, Max H.}, journal = {Verbum}, pages = {557-628}, @@ -10251,7 +10335,7 @@ @article{bib1153 year = {1950} } -@misc{bib1154, +@misc{bib1163, author = {Bouhania, Bachir}, howpublished = {Personal Communication}, local_ids = {92600}, @@ -10261,13 +10345,13 @@ @misc{bib1154 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib1155, +@misc{bib1164, author = {Boukari, Oumarou}, title = {La position du Pré: Kru ou Gur}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib1156, +@article{bib1165, author = {Boulinier, Georges}, journal = {Journal des africanistes}, pages = {223-226}, @@ -10276,7 +10360,7 @@ @article{bib1156 year = {1976} } -@article{bib1157, +@article{bib1166, author = {Boulinier, Georges}, journal = {Asie du sud-est et monde insulindien (ASEMI)}, pages = {45-71}, @@ -10285,7 +10369,7 @@ @article{bib1157 year = {1976} } -@article{bib1158, +@article{bib1167, author = {Bouquet, Christian}, journal = {Cahiers d'études africaines}, number = {63}, @@ -10295,7 +10379,7 @@ @article{bib1158 year = {1976} } -@article{bib1159, +@article{bib1168, author = {Bouquet, Armand and Jacquot, André}, journal = {Cahiers de l’ORSTOM (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d’Outre-Mer): série sciences humaines}, pages = {4-35}, @@ -10304,7 +10388,7 @@ @article{bib1159 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib1160, +@incollection{bib1169, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {Africana linguistica Annales du MRAC (Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale), sciences humaines, #42}, pages = {7-10}, @@ -10312,7 +10396,7 @@ @incollection{bib1160 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib1161, +@incollection{bib1170, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {Recueil commémoratif du 10ème anniversaire de la Fac. de Philosophie et Lettres Publ. de l’Univ. Lovanium de Kinshasa, #22}, pages = {69-80}, @@ -10320,14 +10404,14 @@ @incollection{bib1161 year = {1968} } -@book{bib1162, +@book{bib1171, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, publisher = {Ed. Peeters pour la Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, title = {Dictionnaire birom (langue Plateau de la famille Niger-Congo), Nigéria septentrional}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib1163, +@book{bib1172, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, pages = {498}, publisher = {Soc. d’Edition Les Belles Lettres}, @@ -10336,7 +10420,7 @@ @book{bib1163 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib1164, +@incollection{bib1173, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, editor = {Perrot, Jean and Manessy, Gabriel and Valdman, Albert}, booktitle = {Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne}, @@ -10345,13 +10429,13 @@ @incollection{bib1164 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib1165, +@misc{bib1174, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, title = {Le parler birom de Du (Nigeria septentrional): phonologie et morphologie}, year = {1963} } -@article{bib1166, +@article{bib1175, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, pages = {97-114}, @@ -10360,7 +10444,7 @@ @article{bib1166 year = {1971/72} } -@incollection{bib1167, +@incollection{bib1176, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, editor = {Manessy, Gabriel}, booktitle = {La classification nominale dans les langues négro-africaines Colloques internationaux du CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), sciences humaines}, @@ -10369,7 +10453,7 @@ @incollection{bib1167 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib1168, +@incollection{bib1177, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc and Thomas, Jacqueline Mauricette Christiane}, editor = {Geider, Thomas and Kastenholz, Raimund}, booktitle = {Sprachen und Sprachzeugnisse in Afrika: eine Sammlung philologischer Beiträge Wilhelm J.G. Möhlig zum 60. Geburtstag zugeeignet}, @@ -10378,7 +10462,7 @@ @incollection{bib1168 year = {1994} } -@article{bib1169, +@article{bib1178, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, journal = {Handelingen van het vlaams filologencongres}, pages = {339-348}, @@ -10387,7 +10471,7 @@ @article{bib1169 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib1170, +@incollection{bib1179, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, booktitle = {Africana linguistica Annales du MRAC (Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale), sciences humaines, #42}, pages = {11-29}, @@ -10395,7 +10479,7 @@ @incollection{bib1170 year = {1962} } -@book{bib1171, +@book{bib1180, author = {Bouquiaux, Luc}, pages = {396}, publisher = {Soc. d’Edition Les Belles Lettres}, @@ -10404,7 +10488,7 @@ @book{bib1171 year = {1970} } -@book{bib1172, +@book{bib1181, author = {Boursier, Daniel}, pages = {217}, publisher = {L’Harmattan}, @@ -10413,7 +10497,7 @@ @book{bib1172 year = {1994} } -@article{bib1173, +@article{bib1182, author = {Boursier, Daniel and Mokoto, Jean and Wiesemann, Ursula}, journal = {Journal of West African languages}, number = {2}, @@ -10423,7 +10507,7 @@ @article{bib1173 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib1174, +@misc{bib1183, author = {Bowden, John}, local_ids = {24708}, title = {"Documentation of three dialects of Helong: an endangered language of eastern Indonesia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -10431,7 +10515,7 @@ @misc{bib1174 year = {2007} } -@book{bib1175, +@book{bib1184, author = {Bowden, John}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -10443,7 +10527,7 @@ @book{bib1175 year = {2001} } -@book{bib1176, +@book{bib1185, author = {Bowdich, Thomas Edward}, pages = {vi, 292}, publisher = {J.C. van Kesteren}, @@ -10451,7 +10535,7 @@ @book{bib1176 year = {1820} } -@book{bib1177, +@book{bib1186, author = {Bowdich, Thomas Edward}, pages = {x, 512}, publisher = {John Murray}, @@ -10459,7 +10543,7 @@ @book{bib1177 year = {1819} } -@book{bib1178, +@book{bib1187, author = {Bowdich, Thomas Edward}, pages = {x, 512}, publisher = {John Murray}, @@ -10467,7 +10551,7 @@ @book{bib1178 year = {1824} } -@book{bib1179, +@book{bib1188, author = {Bowdich, Thomas Edward}, pages = {527}, publisher = {Libr. de Gide}, @@ -10475,20 +10559,20 @@ @book{bib1179 year = {1819} } -@book{bib1180, +@book{bib1189, author = {Bowe, Heather}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Categories, Constituents, and Constituent Order in Pitjantjatjara, an Aboriginal Language of Australia}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib1181, +@misc{bib1190, author = {Bowern, Claire}, title = {Bardi Verb Morphology in Historical Perspective}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1182, +@misc{bib1191, author = {Bowern, Claire}, local_ids = {89000}, note = {Also includes subsequent additions by CB directly into ElCat}, @@ -10497,7 +10581,7 @@ @misc{bib1182 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1183, +@misc{bib1192, author = {Bowern, Claire}, local_ids = {88821}, title = {The Language of Bardi (BCJ) Precontact Narratives (NSF Grant Abstract)}, @@ -10505,7 +10589,7 @@ @misc{bib1183 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1184, +@misc{bib1193, author = {Bowser, Brenda}, local_ids = {2445}, title = {"RAPID: Zaparo [zro] RAPID Documentation Project (ZRDP)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -10513,7 +10597,7 @@ @misc{bib1184 year = {2011} } -@article{bib1185, +@article{bib1194, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, @@ -10525,7 +10609,7 @@ @article{bib1185 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1186, +@book{bib1195, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Centre National de la Récherche Sciéntifique}, @@ -10535,7 +10619,7 @@ @book{bib1186 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib1187, +@incollection{bib1196, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, editor = {Moñino, Yves}, booktitle = {Lexique comparatif des langues oubanguiennes}, @@ -10544,7 +10628,7 @@ @incollection{bib1187 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1188, +@incollection{bib1197, author = {Boyd, Raymond}, editor = {Barreteau, Daniel and Tourneux, Henri}, booktitle = {Le milieu et les hommes: recherches comparatives et historiques dans le bassin du Lac Tchad (actes du 2ème colloque Méga-Tchad, ORSTOM Bondy, le 3 et 4 octobre 1985) Colloques et séminaires}, @@ -10554,7 +10638,7 @@ @incollection{bib1188 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1189, +@incollection{bib1198, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Reh, Mechthild and Payne, Doris L.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -10569,7 +10653,7 @@ @incollection{bib1189 year = {2007} } -@book{bib1190, +@book{bib1199, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -10579,13 +10663,13 @@ @book{bib1190 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib1191, +@misc{bib1200, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, title = {Dictionnaire yulu, non publié}, year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib1192, +@incollection{bib1201, author = {Boyeldieu, P.}, editor = {Caprile, J.-P.}, booktitle = {Études phonologiques tchadiennes}, @@ -10594,7 +10678,7 @@ @incollection{bib1192 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib1193, +@incollection{bib1202, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Baumgardt, U. and Derive, Jean}, booktitle = {Paroles nomades: ecrits d’ethnolinguistique africaine en hommage à Christian Seydou Collection “Hommes et sociétés”}, @@ -10604,7 +10688,7 @@ @incollection{bib1193 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib1194, +@incollection{bib1203, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Boyeldieu, Pascal and Nougayrol, Pierre}, booktitle = {Langues et cultures: terrains d’Afrique (hommage à France Cloarec-Heiss) Afrique et langage, #7; Publ. de la SELAF (Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France), #428}, @@ -10614,7 +10698,7 @@ @incollection{bib1194 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1195, +@incollection{bib1204, author = {Boyeldieu, P.}, editor = {Bouquiaux, Luc and Guarisma, Gladys and Manessy, Gabriel}, address = {Paris}, @@ -10626,13 +10710,13 @@ @incollection{bib1195 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib1196, +@misc{bib1205, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, title = {Presentation du Láà:l ou "Gori"}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1197, +@incollection{bib1206, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Barreteau, Daniel and Tourneux, Henry}, address = {Paris}, @@ -10645,7 +10729,7 @@ @incollection{bib1197 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1198, +@incollection{bib1207, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Jungraithmayr, H.}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -10656,7 +10740,7 @@ @incollection{bib1198 year = {1982} } -@article{bib1199, +@article{bib1208, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, @@ -10667,7 +10751,7 @@ @article{bib1199 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1200, +@incollection{bib1209, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal}, editor = {Holger Tröbs, Eva Rothmaler and Winkelmann, Kerstin}, address = {Köln}, @@ -10679,19 +10763,19 @@ @incollection{bib1200 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1201, +@misc{bib1210, author = {Boyle, John P.}, title = {Hidatsa Morpho-Syntax and Clause Structure}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1202, +@misc{bib1211, author = {Boynton, Sylvia S.}, title = {Mikasuki Grammar in Outline}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib1203, +@incollection{bib1212, author = {Bozzi, Ana María Ospina}, editor = {Grinevald, Colette and Bert, Michel}, address = {Paris}, @@ -10705,13 +10789,13 @@ @incollection{bib1203 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1204, +@misc{bib1213, author = {Boëthius, Hélène}, title = {Enquête linguistique de la circonscription de Bassar, République Togolaise}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib1205, +@incollection{bib1214, author = {Bradley, David}, editor = {Moseley, C.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -10724,7 +10808,7 @@ @incollection{bib1205 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1206, +@misc{bib1215, author = {Bradley, David P.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, @@ -10734,7 +10818,7 @@ @misc{bib1206 year = {1992} } -@article{bib1207, +@article{bib1216, author = {Bradley, V.M.}, journal = {African languages / Langues africaines}, number = {1}, @@ -10744,7 +10828,7 @@ @article{bib1207 year = {1971} } -@article{bib1208, +@article{bib1217, author = {Bradley, David}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, @@ -10756,21 +10840,21 @@ @article{bib1208 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1209, +@misc{bib1218, author = {Bradley, David}, local_ids = {96480}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {February 7, 2014} } -@misc{bib1210, +@misc{bib1219, author = {Bradley, David}, local_ids = {97320}, title = {personal communication on Patuá}, year = {March 31, 2014} } -@article{bib1211, +@article{bib1220, author = {Bradley, David}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, pages = {67-98}, @@ -10779,7 +10863,7 @@ @article{bib1211 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1212, +@article{bib1221, author = {Bradley, David}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99039}, @@ -10789,7 +10873,7 @@ @article{bib1212 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1213, +@book{bib1222, author = {Brain, Jeffrey P.}, address = {New York and Philadelphia}, publisher = {Chelsea House Publishers}, @@ -10797,13 +10881,13 @@ @book{bib1213 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib1214, +@misc{bib1223, author = {Braine, Jean Critchfield}, title = {Nicobarese Grammar (Car Dialect)}, year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib1215, +@incollection{bib1224, author = {Criswell, L. and Brandrup, B.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -10812,7 +10896,7 @@ @incollection{bib1215 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib1216, +@misc{bib1225, author = {Brandão, Ana Paula Barros}, local_ids = {99600}, school = {University of Texas at Austin}, @@ -10820,7 +10904,7 @@ @misc{bib1216 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1217, +@book{bib1226, author = {Branks, T. and Branks, J.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistcs}, series = {Sistemas fonologicos de idiomas colombianos}, @@ -10829,13 +10913,13 @@ @book{bib1217 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib1218, +@misc{bib1227, author = {Brasch, Sarah}, title = {Gureng Gureng: A Language of the Upper Burnett River South-East}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib1219, +@article{bib1228, author = {Brassett, Philip R. and Brassett, Cecilia}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99028}, @@ -10847,19 +10931,19 @@ @article{bib1219 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1220, +@misc{bib1229, author = {Breen, John Gavan}, title = {A Description of the Waluwara Language}, year = {1970} } -@misc{bib1221, +@misc{bib1230, author = {Breen, J. G.}, title = {A description of the Warluwara language}, year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib1222, +@incollection{bib1231, author = {Breen, Gavan J.}, editor = {Sutton, Peter}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -10871,7 +10955,7 @@ @incollection{bib1222 year = {1976} } -@book{bib1223, +@book{bib1232, author = {Breen, J. G.}, address = {Melbourne}, publisher = {Monash University}, @@ -10881,7 +10965,7 @@ @book{bib1223 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib1224, +@incollection{bib1233, author = {Breen, Gavan J.}, editor = {Sutton, Peter}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -10893,7 +10977,7 @@ @incollection{bib1224 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib1225, +@incollection{bib1234, author = {Blake, Barry J. and Breen, Gavan}, booktitle = {Salvage Studies of Western Queensland Aboriginal Languages}, chapter = {5}, @@ -10907,7 +10991,7 @@ @incollection{bib1225 year = {1990} } -@book{bib1226, +@book{bib1235, author = {Breen, Gavan}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -10917,7 +11001,7 @@ @book{bib1226 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1227, +@incollection{bib1236, author = {Breen, Gavan}, booktitle = {Salvage Studies of Western Queensland Aboriginal Languages}, chapter = {3}, @@ -10931,7 +11015,7 @@ @incollection{bib1227 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib1228, +@incollection{bib1237, author = {Breen, John Gayan}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 2}, @@ -10940,7 +11024,7 @@ @incollection{bib1228 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1229, +@incollection{bib1238, author = {Breen, Gavan}, booktitle = {Salvage Studies of Western Queensland Aboriginal Languages}, chapter = {2}, @@ -10954,13 +11038,13 @@ @incollection{bib1229 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib1230, +@misc{bib1239, author = {Breen, Gavan}, title = {Wakaya Grammar}, year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib1231, +@incollection{bib1240, author = {Breen, Gavan}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -10972,7 +11056,7 @@ @incollection{bib1231 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib1232, +@incollection{bib1241, author = {Breen, Gavan}, booktitle = {Salvage Studies of Western Queensland Aboriginal Languages}, chapter = {6}, @@ -10986,7 +11070,7 @@ @incollection{bib1232 year = {1990} } -@book{bib1233, +@book{bib1242, author = {Brelsford, W. V.}, address = {Livingstone, Northern Rhodesia}, publisher = {The Rhodes-Livingstone Institute}, @@ -10996,13 +11080,13 @@ @book{bib1233 year = {1946} } -@misc{bib1234, +@misc{bib1243, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, title = {Die sprachliche und kulturelle Stellung der Mbugu (Ma’a)}, year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib1235, +@incollection{bib1244, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -11017,7 +11101,7 @@ @incollection{bib1235 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib1236, +@incollection{bib1245, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -11032,7 +11116,7 @@ @incollection{bib1236 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib1237, +@incollection{bib1246, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, editor = {Geider, Thomas and Kastenholz, Raimund}, booktitle = {Sprachen und Sprachzeugnisse in Afrika: eine Sammlung philologischer Beiträge Wilhelm J.G. Möhlig zum 60. Geburtstag zugeeignet}, @@ -11041,7 +11125,7 @@ @incollection{bib1237 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib1238, +@incollection{bib1247, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, editor = {Schladt, Mathias}, address = {Köln}, @@ -11056,7 +11140,7 @@ @incollection{bib1238 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib1239, +@incollection{bib1248, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, editor = {Herbert, Robert K.}, booktitle = {Language and society in Africa: the theory and practice of sociolinguistics}, @@ -11065,7 +11149,7 @@ @incollection{bib1239 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib1240, +@misc{bib1249, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, howpublished = {P.C.}, local_ids = {89200}, @@ -11073,7 +11157,7 @@ @misc{bib1240 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1241, +@misc{bib1250, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, local_ids = {92880}, month = {March}, @@ -11081,7 +11165,7 @@ @misc{bib1241 year = {2013} } -@book{bib1242, +@book{bib1251, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {3204}, @@ -11093,7 +11177,7 @@ @book{bib1242 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1243, +@incollection{bib1252, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics}, local_ids = {90380}, @@ -11101,7 +11185,7 @@ @incollection{bib1243 year = {2011} } -@book{bib1244, +@book{bib1253, author = {Heine, B. and Brenzinger, M.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {10241}, @@ -11110,20 +11194,20 @@ @book{bib1244 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1245, +@misc{bib1254, author = {Breslar, Jon Haskell}, title = {An ethnography of the Mahorais (Mayotte, Comoro Islands)}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib1246, +@book{bib1255, author = {Breton, Roland}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, title = {Atlas of the languages and ethnic communities of South Asia}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib1247, +@article{bib1256, author = {Breton, Roland J.L.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Journal of West African languages}, @@ -11136,7 +11220,7 @@ @article{bib1247 year = {1993} } -@article{bib1248, +@article{bib1257, author = {Breton, Roland}, journal = {Cahiers des Sciences Humaines}, number = {1}, @@ -11146,14 +11230,14 @@ @article{bib1248 year = {1995} } -@book{bib1249, +@book{bib1258, author = {Breuninger, Evelyn and Hugar, Elbys and Lathan, Ellen Ann}, publisher = {Mescalero Apache Tribe}, title = {Mescalero Apache Dictionary}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib1250, +@incollection{bib1259, author = {Brickell, Timothy C.}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -11168,14 +11252,14 @@ @incollection{bib1250 year = {2019} } -@book{bib1251, +@book{bib1260, author = {Bricker, Eleuterio Poot Yah and de Poot, Ofelia Dzul}, publisher = {The University of Utah Press}, title = {A Dictionary of the Maya Language As Spoken in Hocabá, Yucatán}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib1252, +@article{bib1261, author = {Bridgeman, Loraine I.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {329-334}, @@ -11184,7 +11268,7 @@ @article{bib1252 year = {1961} } -@article{bib1253, +@article{bib1262, author = {Bridges, T.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {53-80}, @@ -11193,20 +11277,20 @@ @article{bib1253 year = {1894} } -@misc{bib1254, +@misc{bib1263, author = {Bright, William O.}, title = {A Grammar of the Karok Language}, year = {1955} } -@book{bib1255, +@book{bib1264, author = {Bright, William}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {A Luiseño Dictionary}, year = {1968} } -@article{bib1256, +@article{bib1265, author = {Bright, William}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {3-9}, @@ -11215,7 +11299,7 @@ @article{bib1256 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1257, +@article{bib1266, author = {Bright, William}, journal = {Language}, number = {1}, @@ -11225,7 +11309,7 @@ @article{bib1257 year = {1956} } -@incollection{bib1258, +@incollection{bib1267, author = {Bright, William}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -11236,7 +11320,7 @@ @incollection{bib1258 year = {1978} } -@article{bib1259, +@article{bib1268, author = {Bright, William}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -11246,7 +11330,7 @@ @article{bib1259 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib1260, +@incollection{bib1269, author = {Bright, William and Bright, Elizabeth}, editor = {Dil, Anwar S.}, booktitle = {Variation and Change in Language}, @@ -11255,7 +11339,7 @@ @incollection{bib1260 year = {1976} } -@article{bib1261, +@article{bib1270, author = {Bright, William}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -11265,7 +11349,7 @@ @article{bib1261 year = {1965} } -@book{bib1262, +@book{bib1271, author = {Bright, William}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -11275,7 +11359,7 @@ @book{bib1262 year = {1957} } -@incollection{bib1263, +@incollection{bib1272, author = {Brightman, Robert A.}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -11287,7 +11371,7 @@ @incollection{bib1263 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1264, +@incollection{bib1273, author = {Brindle, Jonathan A.}, editor = {Matondo, Masangu and McLaughlin, Fiona and Potsdam, Eric}, booktitle = {Selected proceedings of the 38th annual conference on African linguistics: linguistic theory and African language documentation}, @@ -11296,13 +11380,13 @@ @incollection{bib1264 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1265, +@misc{bib1274, author = {Brindle, Jonathan A.}, title = {Towards a digital archive for Chakali}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1266, +@article{bib1275, author = {Brinton, Daniel G.}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {139}, @@ -11312,7 +11396,7 @@ @article{bib1266 year = {1892} } -@article{bib1267, +@article{bib1276, author = {Brinton, Daniel G.}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {149}, @@ -11322,7 +11406,7 @@ @article{bib1267 year = {1895} } -@book{bib1268, +@book{bib1277, author = {Brinton, Daniel G.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {N.~D.~C.~Hodges Publisher}, @@ -11330,7 +11414,7 @@ @book{bib1268 year = {1891} } -@article{bib1269, +@article{bib1278, author = {Brinton, D. G.}, journal = {Transaction of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {3}, @@ -11340,7 +11424,7 @@ @article{bib1269 year = {1871} } -@article{bib1270, +@article{bib1279, author = {Brinton, Daniel G.}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {152}, @@ -11350,35 +11434,35 @@ @article{bib1270 year = {1896} } -@book{bib1271, +@book{bib1280, author = {Brisson, Robert}, publisher = {Centre Culturel du Collège Libermann}, title = {Contes des pygmées Baka du sud du Cameroun, 1: histoire et contes d’enfants}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib1272, +@book{bib1281, author = {Brisson, Robert}, publisher = {Centre Culturel du Collège Libermann}, title = {Contes des pygmées Baka du sud du Cameroun, 2: contes d’enfants}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib1273, +@book{bib1282, author = {Brisson, Robert}, publisher = {Centre Culturel du Collège Libermann}, title = {Contes des pygmées Baka du sud du Cameroun, 3: contes des anciens}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib1274, +@book{bib1283, author = {Brisson, Robert}, publisher = {Centre Culturel du Collège Libermann}, title = {Contes des pygmées Baka du sud du Cameroun, 4: contes des anciens}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib1275, +@book{bib1284, author = {Brisson, R.}, pages = {396}, publisher = {Douala}, @@ -11386,7 +11470,7 @@ @book{bib1275 year = {1984} } -@book{bib1276, +@book{bib1285, author = {Brisson, Robert}, pages = {416}, publisher = {Ed. Peeters}, @@ -11396,7 +11480,7 @@ @book{bib1276 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1277, +@book{bib1286, author = {Brisson, Robert and Boursier, Daniel}, pages = {v, xxii, 505}, publisher = {Collège Libermann}, @@ -11404,14 +11488,14 @@ @book{bib1277 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib1278, +@misc{bib1287, author = {Brisson, Robert}, pages = {iv, 355}, title = {Utilisation des plantes par les baka: textes pour l’étude de la langue}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1279, +@incollection{bib1288, author = {Bristol, M.}, booktitle = {Actas y Memorias del XXXVII Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, tomo II Buenos Aires}, pages = {575-602}, @@ -11419,7 +11503,7 @@ @incollection{bib1279 year = {1968} } -@article{bib1280, +@article{bib1289, author = {Bristow, W. M.}, journal = {AuU}, number = {2}, @@ -11429,7 +11513,7 @@ @article{bib1280 year = {1953} } -@article{bib1281, +@article{bib1290, author = {Bristow, W.M.}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {4}, @@ -11439,7 +11523,7 @@ @article{bib1281 year = {1952/53} } -@book{bib1282, +@book{bib1291, author = {Dunlop, Britt and Gessner, Suzanne and Herbert, Tracey and Parker, Aliana}, edition = {3}, institution = {First Peoples' Cultural Council}, @@ -11449,13 +11533,13 @@ @book{bib1282 year = {2018} } -@misc{bib1283, +@misc{bib1292, author = {Broadbent, P.B.}, title = {Unpublished materials on Masalit}, year = {1930s/40s} } -@book{bib1284, +@book{bib1293, author = {Broadwell, George Aaron}, address = {Lincoln}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, @@ -11463,7 +11547,7 @@ @book{bib1284 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib1285, +@incollection{bib1294, author = {Broadwell, George Aaron}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -11474,13 +11558,13 @@ @incollection{bib1285 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1286, +@misc{bib1295, author = {Broadwell, George Aaron}, title = {Choctaw Syntax and the Binding Theory of Switch-reference}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib1287, +@article{bib1296, author = {Broadwell, George Aaron}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {411-425}, @@ -11489,7 +11573,7 @@ @article{bib1287 year = {1987} } -@article{bib1288, +@article{bib1297, author = {Broca, Paul}, journal = {Révue d'Anthropologie}, pages = {279-287, 462-470}, @@ -11498,14 +11582,14 @@ @article{bib1288 year = {1874} } -@book{bib1289, +@book{bib1298, author = {Broderick, George}, publisher = {Max Niemeyer}, title = {A handbook of late spoken Manx. Volume 1: Grammar and Texts}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib1290, +@incollection{bib1299, author = {Broderick, George}, editor = {Ball, M. J.}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -11514,7 +11598,7 @@ @incollection{bib1290 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib1291, +@incollection{bib1300, author = {Broderick, George}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -11525,7 +11609,7 @@ @incollection{bib1291 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1292, +@incollection{bib1301, author = {George, Ken and Broderick, George}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -11536,14 +11620,14 @@ @incollection{bib1292 year = {2010} } -@book{bib1293, +@book{bib1302, author = {Brow, James}, publisher = {University of Washington Press}, title = {Vedda villages of Anuradhapura}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib1294, +@book{bib1303, author = {Brown, Herbert A.}, address = {Pacific Linguistics. C-84 Canberra}, publisher = {Linguistic Circle of Canberra}, @@ -11551,14 +11635,14 @@ @book{bib1294 year = {1986} } -@book{bib1295, +@book{bib1304, author = {Brown, William Barclay}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Printing Office}, title = {An outline grammar of the Deori Chutiya language spoken in Upper Assam, with an introduction, illustrative sentences, and short vocabulary}, year = {1895} } -@article{bib1296, +@article{bib1305, author = {Brown, Robert}, institution = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, journal = {Workpapers in Papua New Guinea Languages}, @@ -11571,7 +11655,7 @@ @article{bib1296 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib1297, +@misc{bib1306, author = {Brown, Arnold}, local_ids = {88678}, school = {Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education}, @@ -11580,7 +11664,7 @@ @misc{bib1297 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1298, +@incollection{bib1307, author = {Brown, D. Richard}, editor = {Rottland, Franz and Omondi, Lucia Ndong’a}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, Kisumu, Kenya, August 4-9, 1986 Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA), #6}, @@ -11590,7 +11674,7 @@ @incollection{bib1298 year = {1991} } -@article{bib1299, +@article{bib1308, author = {Brown, Alan K.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -11600,20 +11684,20 @@ @article{bib1299 year = {1973} } -@book{bib1300, +@book{bib1309, author = {Carmony, Neil B. and Brown, David E.}, publisher = {Southwest Natural History Association}, title = {Tales from Tiburon: An anthology of adventures in Seriland}, year = {1983} } -@misc{bib1301, +@misc{bib1310, author = {Brown, Herbert A.}, title = {The Eastern Elema}, year = {1957} } -@incollection{bib1302, +@incollection{bib1311, author = {Brown, Herbert A.}, editor = {Franklin, Karl}, booktitle = {The Linguistic Situation in the Gulf District and Adjacent Areas, Papua New Guinea}, @@ -11622,13 +11706,13 @@ @incollection{bib1302 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib1303, +@misc{bib1312, author = {Brown, Mark C.}, title = {Topics in Iquito Syntax}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1304, +@misc{bib1313, author = {Brown, Bob}, local_ids = {99025}, title = {Waris Grammar Sketch}, @@ -11636,7 +11720,7 @@ @misc{bib1304 year = {1990} } -@article{bib1305, +@article{bib1314, author = {Brownie, John}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, pages = {67 – 84}, @@ -11645,7 +11729,7 @@ @article{bib1305 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1306, +@book{bib1315, author = {Brownie, John and Brownie, Marjo}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Data Papers on Papua New Guinea Languages}, @@ -11655,7 +11739,7 @@ @book{bib1306 year = {2007} } -@book{bib1307, +@book{bib1316, author = {Bruce, Roberto D.}, address = {Mexico}, publisher = {Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia}, @@ -11663,7 +11747,7 @@ @book{bib1307 year = {1968} } -@book{bib1308, +@book{bib1317, author = {Bruce, Les}, editor = {Wurm, S.A.}, edition = {C}, @@ -11678,7 +11762,7 @@ @book{bib1308 year = {1984} } -@article{bib1309, +@article{bib1318, author = {Bruel, Georges}, journal = {Revue d’ethnographie et de sociologie}, pages = {3-32, 125}, @@ -11687,13 +11771,13 @@ @article{bib1309 year = {1910} } -@misc{bib1310, +@misc{bib1319, author = {Bruening, B.}, title = {Syntax at the Edge: Cross-Clausal Phenomena and the Syntax of Passamaquoddy}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib1311, +@article{bib1320, author = {Brugger, [?] and Dewilder, [?] and Kocher, [?] and Rolleri, [?] and Wöhr, [?]}, journal = {Impr}, pages = {96}, @@ -11702,7 +11786,7 @@ @article{bib1311 year = {1912} } -@article{bib1312, +@article{bib1321, author = {Sands, Bonny and Miller, Amanda L. and Brugman, Johanna}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Peña, Jaime}, address = {Somerville}, @@ -11715,7 +11799,7 @@ @article{bib1312 year = {2007} } -@book{bib1313, +@book{bib1322, author = {Bruil, Martine}, local_ids = {98738}, publisher = {Leiden}, @@ -11725,7 +11809,7 @@ @book{bib1313 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1314, +@misc{bib1323, author = {Bruil, Martine}, local_ids = {24714}, title = {"Documenting and describing Ecuadorian Siona" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -11733,7 +11817,7 @@ @misc{bib1314 year = {2011} } -@article{bib1315, +@article{bib1324, author = {Brunelle, Marc}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, @@ -11746,13 +11830,13 @@ @article{bib1315 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1316, +@misc{bib1325, author = {Bruno, Ana Carla}, title = {Waimiri Atroari Grammar: Some Phonological, Morphological, and Syntactic Aspects}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib1317, +@book{bib1326, author = {Westermann, D. and Bryan, M. A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Handbook of African Languages}, @@ -11761,7 +11845,7 @@ @book{bib1317 year = {1952} } -@book{bib1318, +@book{bib1327, author = {Tucker, A. N. and Bryan, M. A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Handbook of African Languages}, @@ -11769,7 +11853,7 @@ @book{bib1318 year = {1966} } -@book{bib1319, +@book{bib1328, author = {Tucker, Archibald N. and Bryan, Margaret A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Handbook of African Languages}, @@ -11778,7 +11862,7 @@ @book{bib1319 year = {1956} } -@incollection{bib1320, +@incollection{bib1329, author = {Bryan, Margaret Arminel}, editor = {Lukas, Johannes}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -11790,13 +11874,13 @@ @incollection{bib1320 year = {1955} } -@misc{bib1321, +@misc{bib1330, author = {Bryant, Michael G.}, title = {Aspects of Tirmaga grammar}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1322, +@incollection{bib1331, author = {Bryant, Michael Grayson}, editor = {Reh, Mechthild and Payne, Doris L.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -11809,7 +11893,7 @@ @incollection{bib1322 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1323, +@misc{bib1332, author = {Akumbu, Pius and Brye, Elizabeth}, howpublished = {Online report}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -11820,7 +11904,7 @@ @misc{bib1323 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1324, +@book{bib1333, author = {Brye, Edward and Brye, Elizabeth and Domche Teko, Engelbert}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {35433}, @@ -11831,13 +11915,13 @@ @book{bib1324 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1325, +@misc{bib1334, author = {Brye, Edward}, title = {Jimjimen, Gude, Tsuvan, and Sharwa Wordlists}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib1326, +@book{bib1335, author = {Brye, Edward}, pages = {15}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -11847,7 +11931,7 @@ @book{bib1326 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1327, +@misc{bib1336, author = {Bryn Hauk, Bradley Rentz}, institution = {University of Hawai'i at Mānoa}, local_ids = {99481}, @@ -11857,7 +11941,7 @@ @misc{bib1327 year = {2019} } -@article{bib1328, +@article{bib1337, author = {Bräuer, Günter}, journal = {American journal of physical anthropology}, pages = {71-84}, @@ -11866,27 +11950,27 @@ @article{bib1328 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib1329, +@misc{bib1338, author = {Brüzzi Alves da Silva, Alcionilio}, title = {Observações gramaticais da língua Daxseyé ou Tukano}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib1330, +@book{bib1339, author = {Buckley, Eugene}, publisher = {Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI) Publications}, title = {Theoretical Aspects of Kashaya Phonology and Morphology}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib1331, +@book{bib1340, author = {Buckwalter, Alberto S.}, publisher = {Talleres Gráficos Grancharoff}, title = {Vocabulario Toba}, year = {1980} } -@misc{bib1332, +@misc{bib1341, author = {Budd, Peter}, local_ids = {24585}, title = {"Documentation and description of Bierebo, a Southern Oceanic language of Vanuatu" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -11894,7 +11978,7 @@ @misc{bib1332 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1333, +@misc{bib1342, author = {Budd, Pete}, local_ids = {98000}, month = {June}, @@ -11902,14 +11986,14 @@ @misc{bib1333 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1334, +@book{bib1343, author = {Buddruss, Georg}, publisher = {J. Kitzinger}, title = {Die Sprache von Sau in Ostafghanistan}, year = {1967} } -@article{bib1335, +@article{bib1344, author = {Buddruss, Georg}, journal = {Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft}, local_ids = {95740}, @@ -11919,14 +12003,14 @@ @article{bib1335 year = {1979} } -@book{bib1336, +@book{bib1345, author = {Buechel, Eugene}, publisher = {Rosebud Educational Society}, title = {A Grammar of Lakota: The Language of the Teton Sioux Indians}, year = {1939} } -@book{bib1337, +@book{bib1346, author = {Buenaventura, Edgar}, address = {Bogotá}, pages = {iv+104}, @@ -11936,7 +12020,7 @@ @book{bib1337 year = {1993} } -@article{bib1338, +@article{bib1347, author = {Buenaño Olivo, Julio C.}, journal = {Investigaciones Sociales}, local_ids = {98391}, @@ -11947,7 +12031,7 @@ @article{bib1338 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1339, +@book{bib1348, author = {Bugaeva, Anna}, address = {Osaka, Japan}, pages = {vii+487}, @@ -11958,7 +12042,7 @@ @book{bib1339 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1340, +@incollection{bib1349, author = {Bugaeva, Anna}, editor = {Tranter, Nicolas}, booktitle = {The Languages of Japan and Korea}, @@ -11967,7 +12051,7 @@ @incollection{bib1340 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib1341, +@incollection{bib1350, author = {Bugenhagen, Robert D.}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -11979,13 +12063,40 @@ @incollection{bib1341 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib1342, +@misc{bib1351, + author = {Bulkaam, Roger Blench; Michael}, + local_ids = {99489}, + note = {Draft circulated for comment only - obtained authors' permission to cite.}, + title = {Jakato, an undocumented language of Central Nigeria}, + url = {https://www.academia.edu/40680338/Jakato_an_undocumented_language_of_Central_Nigeria}, + year = {2019} +} + +@misc{bib1352, + author = {Bulkaam, Roger Blench; Michael}, + local_ids = {99490}, + note = {Draft circulated for comment only - obtained authors' permission to cite}, + title = {Jibyal, an undocumented language of Central Nigeria}, + url = {https://www.academia.edu/40680328/Jibyal_an_undocumented_language_of_Central_Nigeria}, + year = {2019} +} + +@misc{bib1353, + author = {Bulkaam, Roger Blench; Michael}, + local_ids = {99488}, + note = {Resource is a draft circulated for comment - obtains permission of authors for citation.}, + title = {Nteng, an undocumented Chadic language of Central Nigeria}, + url = {https://www.academia.edu/40680318/Nteng_an_undocumented_Chadic_language_of_Central_Nigeria}, + year = {2019} +} + +@misc{bib1354, author = {Buller, B and Buller, E.}, title = {Banawá phonemic statement}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib1343, +@article{bib1355, author = {Bundo, Daisuke}, journal = {African study monographs: supplementary issue}, pages = {85-101}, @@ -11994,7 +12105,7 @@ @article{bib1343 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1344, +@incollection{bib1356, author = {Bunn, Henry T.}, editor = {Hudson, Jean}, booktitle = {From bones to behavior: ethnoarchaeological and experimental contributions to the interpretation of faunal remains Occasional papers from the Center for Archaeological Investigations, #21}, @@ -12004,7 +12115,7 @@ @incollection{bib1344 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib1345, +@incollection{bib1357, author = {Bunzel, Ruth}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian Languages 3}, @@ -12015,13 +12126,13 @@ @incollection{bib1345 year = {1933} } -@misc{bib1346, +@misc{bib1358, author = {Burenhult, Niclas}, title = {Unitizer and Nominalizer: the /n/ affix in Jahai}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib1347, +@article{bib1359, author = {Burgess, E. and Ham, P.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {5-18}, @@ -12030,7 +12141,7 @@ @article{bib1347 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib1348, +@incollection{bib1360, author = {Burgess, Dora}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -12039,7 +12150,7 @@ @incollection{bib1348 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib1349, +@incollection{bib1361, author = {Burgos, Manuel}, editor = {Meunier, J. and Savarin, A. M.}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Chronicles}, @@ -12047,7 +12158,7 @@ @incollection{bib1349 year = {1994} } -@article{bib1350, +@article{bib1362, author = {Burkitt, Robert}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {3}, @@ -12057,7 +12168,7 @@ @article{bib1350 year = {1902} } -@book{bib1351, +@book{bib1363, author = {Burling, Robbins}, address = {Poona}, publisher = {Deccan College}, @@ -12065,7 +12176,7 @@ @book{bib1351 year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib1352, +@incollection{bib1364, author = {Burling, Robbins}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London}, @@ -12078,7 +12189,7 @@ @incollection{bib1352 year = {2003} } -@article{bib1353, +@article{bib1365, author = {Burling, Robbins}, address = {New Delhi}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -12094,7 +12205,7 @@ @article{bib1353 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1354, +@incollection{bib1366, author = {Burling, Robbins}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -12103,13 +12214,13 @@ @incollection{bib1354 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1355, +@misc{bib1367, author = {Burrett, Edward R.}, title = {A Grammar of Sipakapense Maya}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1356, +@incollection{bib1368, author = {Burridge, Kate}, editor = {McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Studies in Kimberley Languages in Honour of Howard Coate}, @@ -12118,14 +12229,14 @@ @incollection{bib1356 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1357, +@book{bib1369, author = {Burrow, Thomas and Bhattacharya, S.}, publisher = {Austin}, title = {The Parji language, a Dravidian Language of Bastar}, year = {1953} } -@book{bib1358, +@book{bib1370, author = {Burtch, Shirley}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, series = {Serie Lingüística Peruana}, @@ -12135,7 +12246,7 @@ @book{bib1358 year = {1983} } -@article{bib1359, +@article{bib1371, author = {Burtch, Bryan and Wise, Mary Ruth}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {12-29}, @@ -12144,7 +12255,7 @@ @article{bib1359 year = {1968} } -@article{bib1360, +@article{bib1372, author = {Burton, John William}, journal = {Africa}, pages = {496-507}, @@ -12153,7 +12264,7 @@ @article{bib1360 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1361, +@book{bib1373, author = {Burton, John William}, pages = {150}, publisher = {Anthropos-Inst.}, @@ -12162,7 +12273,7 @@ @book{bib1361 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1362, +@incollection{bib1374, author = {Burton, John William}, editor = {Schadeberg, Thilo C. and Bender, Marvin Lionel}, booktitle = {Nilo-Saharan: proceedings of the 1st Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, Leiden, September 8-10, 1980}, @@ -12171,7 +12282,7 @@ @incollection{bib1362 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1363, +@book{bib1375, author = {Burung, Willem}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Electronic Working Papers 2007-003}, @@ -12179,7 +12290,7 @@ @book{bib1363 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1364, +@article{bib1376, author = {Buse, J. E.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, title = {Various Rarotongan Papers from BSOAS 1960-1963}, @@ -12187,7 +12298,7 @@ @article{bib1364 year = {1960-1963} } -@incollection{bib1365, +@incollection{bib1377, author = {Busenitz, Robert L.}, booktitle = {UMBAS-SIL South Sulawesi Sociolinguistic Surveys 1987-1991 Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {1-17}, @@ -12196,7 +12307,7 @@ @incollection{bib1365 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib1366, +@incollection{bib1378, author = {Buthelezi, Q.}, editor = {Mesthrie, Rajend}, booktitle = {Language and social history: studies in South African sociolinguistics}, @@ -12205,7 +12316,7 @@ @incollection{bib1366 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib1367, +@incollection{bib1379, author = {Butler, Becky}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, booktitle = {The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages}, @@ -12214,7 +12325,7 @@ @incollection{bib1367 year = {2015} } -@book{bib1368, +@book{bib1380, author = {Byington, Cyrus}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington:}, series = {Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, @@ -12223,7 +12334,7 @@ @book{bib1368 year = {1915} } -@article{bib1369, +@article{bib1381, author = {Byington, C.}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {81}, @@ -12233,7 +12344,7 @@ @article{bib1369 year = {1869} } -@incollection{bib1370, +@incollection{bib1382, author = {Bätscher, Kevin}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -12245,7 +12356,7 @@ @incollection{bib1370 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1371, +@misc{bib1383, author = {kane Bèye, Amadou}, local_ids = {24847}, title = {"The language of material culture in Baïnounk Gubëëher" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -12253,7 +12364,7 @@ @misc{bib1371 year = {2011} } -@book{bib1372, +@book{bib1384, author = {Böhm, Gerhard}, address = {Wien}, publisher = {Afro-Pub, Institut für Afrikanistik}, @@ -12263,7 +12374,7 @@ @book{bib1372 year = {1985} } -@book{bib1373, +@book{bib1385, author = {Böhm, Gerhard}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik und Ägyptologie der Universität Wien}, series = {Beiträge zur Afrikanistik}, @@ -12272,7 +12383,7 @@ @book{bib1373 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib1374, +@incollection{bib1386, author = {Böhtlingk, Otto}, booktitle = {Uralic and Altaic Book Series}, institution = {Indiana University}, @@ -12284,19 +12395,19 @@ @incollection{bib1374 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib1375, +@misc{bib1387, author = {Bühnen, Stephan}, title = {Lexique comparatif des dialectes Bañun et de Kasanga et Cobiana}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib1376, +@misc{bib1388, author = {B’Nantim, Lantam}, title = {A comparative analysis of noun phrases in English and Ncàm}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib1377, +@book{bib1389, author = {Cablitz, Gabriele H.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {12142}, @@ -12307,14 +12418,14 @@ @book{bib1377 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1378, +@misc{bib1390, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly De Arruda Camara}, pages = {415}, title = {Contact-Induced Language Change in the Western Amazon: the Non-Genetic Origin of the Kokama Language}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib1379, +@misc{bib1391, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99290}, @@ -12322,7 +12433,7 @@ @misc{bib1379 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib1380, +@misc{bib1392, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99289}, @@ -12330,7 +12441,7 @@ @misc{bib1380 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib1381, +@misc{bib1393, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99305}, @@ -12338,7 +12449,7 @@ @misc{bib1381 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib1382, +@misc{bib1394, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, howpublished = {Personal communication.}, local_ids = {98629}, @@ -12346,7 +12457,7 @@ @misc{bib1382 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1383, +@misc{bib1395, author = {Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, local_ids = {98338}, note = {Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral. Personal communication, October, 2014. On Xetá.}, @@ -12354,7 +12465,7 @@ @misc{bib1383 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1384, +@book{bib1396, author = {Cabrera Becerra, Gabriel and Franky Calvo, Carlos E. and Mahecha Rubio, Dany}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, publisher = {Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Fundación Gaia-Amazonas}, @@ -12362,7 +12473,7 @@ @book{bib1384 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1385, +@article{bib1397, author = {Cadogan, León}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {41-44}, @@ -12371,14 +12482,14 @@ @article{bib1385 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib1386, +@misc{bib1398, author = {Caesar-Fox, Desrey Clementine}, pages = {ix+582}, title = {Zauro'nödok Agawayo Yau: variants of Akawaio spoken at Waramadong}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib1387, +@article{bib1399, author = {Caffery, Josephine}, journal = {Dialogue}, local_ids = {88860}, @@ -12389,7 +12500,7 @@ @article{bib1387 year = {2010} } -@book{bib1388, +@book{bib1400, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, pages = {51}, publisher = {Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ghana}, @@ -12398,13 +12509,13 @@ @book{bib1388 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib1389, +@misc{bib1401, author = {Cahill, Michael S.}, title = {Aspects of the Morphology and Phonology of Kex͡topenonni}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib1390, +@article{bib1402, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Ohio State Univ. working papers in linguistics}, pages = {13-30}, @@ -12413,7 +12524,7 @@ @article{bib1390 year = {1996} } -@article{bib1391, +@article{bib1403, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {SIL notes on literacy}, number = {1}, @@ -12423,7 +12534,7 @@ @article{bib1391 year = {2001} } -@article{bib1392, +@article{bib1404, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {UTA (Univ. of Texas at Arlington) working papers in linguistics}, pages = {109-125}, @@ -12432,7 +12543,7 @@ @article{bib1392 year = {1994} } -@article{bib1393, +@article{bib1405, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -12442,7 +12553,7 @@ @article{bib1393 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1394, +@book{bib1406, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark and Karan, Elke}, pages = {16}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -12451,7 +12562,7 @@ @book{bib1394 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib1395, +@incollection{bib1407, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, editor = {Matondo, Masangu and McLaughlin, Fiona and Potsdam, Eric}, booktitle = {Selected proceedings of the 38th annual conference on African linguistics: linguistic theory and African language documentation}, @@ -12460,7 +12571,7 @@ @incollection{bib1395 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib1396, +@incollection{bib1408, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, editor = {Akinlabí, Akinbiyi M. and Adesola, Oluseye}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th world congress of African linguistics, New Brunswick 2003}, @@ -12468,7 +12579,7 @@ @incollection{bib1396 year = {2004} } -@book{bib1397, +@book{bib1409, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, pages = {10}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -12477,7 +12588,7 @@ @book{bib1397 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib1398, +@incollection{bib1410, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, editor = {Akinlabí, Akinbiyi M.}, booktitle = {Theoretical approaches to African linguistics Trends in African linguistics, #1}, @@ -12487,7 +12598,7 @@ @incollection{bib1398 year = {1995} } -@article{bib1399, +@article{bib1411, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Ohio State Univ. working papers in linguistics}, pages = {71-92}, @@ -12496,7 +12607,7 @@ @article{bib1399 year = {2000} } -@article{bib1400, +@article{bib1412, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Journal of West African languages}, number = {1}, @@ -12506,7 +12617,7 @@ @article{bib1400 year = {1991} } -@article{bib1401, +@article{bib1413, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers}, pages = {(?}, @@ -12515,7 +12626,7 @@ @article{bib1401 year = {2000} } -@article{bib1402, +@article{bib1414, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers}, pages = {69-80}, @@ -12524,7 +12635,7 @@ @article{bib1402 year = {1997} } -@article{bib1403, +@article{bib1415, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers}, pages = {(?}, @@ -12533,7 +12644,7 @@ @article{bib1403 year = {2003} } -@article{bib1404, +@article{bib1416, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Ohio State Univ. working papers in linguistics}, pages = {31-70}, @@ -12542,7 +12653,7 @@ @article{bib1404 year = {2000} } -@article{bib1405, +@article{bib1417, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Ohio State Univ. working papers in linguistics}, pages = {19-58}, @@ -12551,7 +12662,7 @@ @article{bib1405 year = {1998} } -@article{bib1406, +@article{bib1418, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Studies in African linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -12561,7 +12672,7 @@ @article{bib1406 year = {2004} } -@article{bib1407, +@article{bib1419, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, journal = {Ohio State Univ. working papers in linguistics}, pages = {41-50}, @@ -12570,7 +12681,7 @@ @article{bib1407 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1408, +@book{bib1420, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, pages = {10-17}, publisher = {1-5 February 1993 Ghana Inst. of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (GILLBT)}, @@ -12578,7 +12689,7 @@ @book{bib1408 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib1409, +@incollection{bib1421, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, editor = {Kotey, Paul François Amon}, booktitle = {New dimensions in African linguistics and languages Trends in African linguistics, #3}, @@ -12588,7 +12699,7 @@ @incollection{bib1409 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1410, +@book{bib1422, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, pages = {7-9}, publisher = {1-5 February 1993 Ghana Inst. of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (GILLBT)}, @@ -12596,7 +12707,7 @@ @book{bib1410 year = {1993} } -@book{bib1411, +@book{bib1423, author = {Cahill, Michael Clark}, pages = {3}, series = {Phonology}, @@ -12605,7 +12716,7 @@ @book{bib1411 year = {2009} } -@article{bib1412, +@article{bib1424, author = {Cajas, Judith and Corbera, Angel and Gualdieri, Beatriz and Solís, Gustavo}, journal = {Amazonía Peruana}, number = {23}, @@ -12615,7 +12726,7 @@ @article{bib1412 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib1413, +@misc{bib1425, author = {McPherson, Laura and Caldani, Paul}, howpublished = {Website}, local_ids = {96361}, @@ -12625,62 +12736,62 @@ @misc{bib1413 year = {2013} } -@book{bib1414, +@book{bib1426, author = {Calder, George}, publisher = {Gairm Publications}, title = {A Gaelic Grammar}, year = {1923} } -@book{bib1415, +@book{bib1427, author = {Calder, George}, publisher = {Gairm Publications}, title = {A Gaelic Grammar}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib1416, +@book{bib1428, author = {Calder, Georg}, publisher = {Gairm}, title = {A Gaelic grammar: containing the parts of speech and the general principles of phonology and etymology, with a chapter on proper and place names}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib1417, +@book{bib1429, author = {Calendino, Francisco}, publisher = {Centro Universitario Salesiano del Sur Argentino}, title = {Diccionario Mapuche Básico}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib1418, +@misc{bib1430, author = {Callaghan, C.}, title = {A Grammar of the Lake Miwok Language}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib1419, +@book{bib1431, author = {Callaghan, Catherine A.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Bodega Miwok Dictionary}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib1420, +@book{bib1432, author = {Callaghan, Catherine A.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Lake Miwok Dictionary}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib1421, +@book{bib1433, author = {Callaghan, Catherine A.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Plains Miwok Dictionary}, year = {1984} } -@phdthesis{bib1422, +@phdthesis{bib1434, author = {Callahan, Mollie}, local_ids = {98189}, school = {University of Michigan}, @@ -12689,7 +12800,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib1422 year = {2011} } -@book{bib1423, +@book{bib1435, author = {Calloc’h, J.}, pages = {204}, publisher = {Libr. Orientaliste Paul Geuthner}, @@ -12697,14 +12808,14 @@ @book{bib1423 year = {1911} } -@misc{bib1424, +@misc{bib1436, author = {Callow, J. C.}, pages = {iv+154}, title = {The Apinaye Language: Phonology and Grammar}, year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib1425, +@incollection{bib1437, author = {Rubio, Dany Mahecha and Becerra, Gabriel Cabrera and Calvo, Carlos Eduardo Franky}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -12713,7 +12824,7 @@ @incollection{bib1425 year = {2000} } -@book{bib1426, +@book{bib1438, author = {Calvo Pérez, Julio}, address = {Parú}, pages = {475}, @@ -12724,7 +12835,7 @@ @book{bib1426 year = {1993} } -@article{bib1427, +@article{bib1439, author = {Camargo, Eliane}, journal = {Campos}, number = {2}, @@ -12734,13 +12845,13 @@ @article{bib1427 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1428, +@misc{bib1440, author = {Camargo, Eliane}, title = {Phonologie, morphologie et syntaxe: étude descriptive de la langue Caxinaua (Pano)}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib1429, +@incollection{bib1441, author = {Camargo, Eliane}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of Reciprocal Constructions}, @@ -12749,12 +12860,12 @@ @incollection{bib1429 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1430, +@misc{bib1442, author = {Camargo-Bigot, Eliane}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib1431, +@book{bib1443, author = {Cameron, Barbara and Kunkel, Janet}, pages = {39}, publisher = {SIL International; Lutheran Bible Translators}, @@ -12763,7 +12874,7 @@ @book{bib1431 year = {2002} } -@book{bib1432, +@book{bib1444, author = {Caminata, Sergio}, pages = {90}, publisher = {Federico Motta Ed.}, @@ -12771,7 +12882,7 @@ @book{bib1432 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1433, +@book{bib1445, author = {Camp, Elizabeth L. and Liccardi, Millicent R.}, pages = {xv+363}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -12779,7 +12890,7 @@ @book{bib1433 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib1434, +@incollection{bib1446, author = {Camp, Elizabeth L. and Liccardi, Millicent R.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 2 Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -12788,7 +12899,7 @@ @incollection{bib1434 year = {1967} } -@book{bib1435, +@book{bib1447, author = {Camp, Elizabeth L. and Liccardi, Millicent R.}, pages = {277}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -12798,7 +12909,7 @@ @book{bib1435 year = {1967} } -@article{bib1436, +@article{bib1448, author = {Camp, Elizabeth L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -12808,7 +12919,7 @@ @article{bib1436 year = {1985} } -@book{bib1437, +@book{bib1449, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, pages = {160}, publisher = {The historical linguistics of Native America Oxford University Press}, @@ -12816,13 +12927,13 @@ @book{bib1437 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib1438, +@misc{bib1450, author = {Campbell, Lauren}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Urningangk, Erre and Mengerrdji: the Giimbiyu languages of Western Arnhem Land}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib1439, +@incollection{bib1451, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -12836,7 +12947,7 @@ @incollection{bib1439 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1440, +@misc{bib1452, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, local_ids = {2301}, title = {Dictionary of Ninam, a Yanomaman Language NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -12844,7 +12955,7 @@ @misc{bib1440 year = {2010} } -@article{bib1441, +@article{bib1453, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -12854,7 +12965,7 @@ @article{bib1441 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib1442, +@misc{bib1454, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, local_ids = {2447}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: Kubeo Grammar" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -12862,7 +12973,7 @@ @misc{bib1442 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1443, +@misc{bib1455, author = {Campbell, Eric}, institution = {Endangered Languages Documentation Programme}, local_ids = {99421}, @@ -12871,7 +12982,7 @@ @misc{bib1443 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1444, +@misc{bib1456, author = {Campbell, Amy}, local_ids = {24743}, title = {"Expanding the Documentation and Description of Hupa (Athabaskan)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -12879,7 +12990,7 @@ @misc{bib1444 year = {2008} } -@book{bib1445, +@book{bib1457, author = {Campbell, Alan Tormaid}, address = {London & New York}, publisher = {Routledge}, @@ -12887,7 +12998,7 @@ @book{bib1445 year = {1995} } -@article{bib1446, +@article{bib1458, author = {Campbell, Emory S.}, booktitle = {The living legacy of Lorenzo Dow Turner: The first African-American linguist}, journal = {The Black Scholar}, @@ -12900,7 +13011,7 @@ @article{bib1446 year = {2011} } -@article{bib1447, +@article{bib1459, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, @@ -12912,7 +13023,7 @@ @article{bib1447 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib1448, +@incollection{bib1460, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne}, booktitle = {The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment}, @@ -12921,7 +13032,7 @@ @incollection{bib1448 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1449, +@incollection{bib1461, author = {Campbell and Lyle and Díaz, Luis and and Ángel, Fernando}, booktitle = {Nivaclé Grammar}, local_ids = {98411}, @@ -12930,7 +13041,7 @@ @incollection{bib1449 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1450, +@book{bib1462, author = {Campbell, Sky}, address = {Red Rock}, local_ids = {98856}, @@ -12939,14 +13050,14 @@ @book{bib1450 url = {http://www.omlanguage.org/} } -@misc{bib1451, +@misc{bib1463, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, local_ids = {95140}, title = {personal communication}, year = {2013} } -@misc{bib1452, +@misc{bib1464, author = {Campbell and Lyle and King, Alan and Lemus, Jorge}, howpublished = {personal communication}, local_ids = {98356}, @@ -12954,14 +13065,14 @@ @misc{bib1452 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib1453, +@incollection{bib1465, author = {Campbell, Robert}, booktitle = {Questionário dos Vocabulários Padrões para estudos comparativos preliminares de línguas indígenas brasileiras Museu Nacional}, title = {Questionário: Jabutí}, year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib1454, +@incollection{bib1466, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -12973,7 +13084,7 @@ @incollection{bib1454 year = {2012} } -@article{bib1455, +@article{bib1467, author = {Campbell, Eric}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {99420}, @@ -12983,7 +13094,7 @@ @article{bib1455 year = {2013} } -@book{bib1456, +@book{bib1468, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {10777}, @@ -12994,7 +13105,7 @@ @book{bib1456 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib1457, +@misc{bib1469, author = {Campbell and Lyle and Migliazza, Ernesto and Zamponi, Raoul and Rogers, Christopher}, institution = {National Science Foundation}, local_ids = {98404}, @@ -13002,7 +13113,7 @@ @misc{bib1457 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib1458, +@misc{bib1470, author = {Campbell, Lyle}, institution = {National Science Foundation}, local_ids = {98414}, @@ -13010,7 +13121,7 @@ @misc{bib1458 volume = {2013} } -@article{bib1459, +@article{bib1471, author = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, journal = {Language in Society}, local_ids = {98410}, @@ -13020,7 +13131,7 @@ @article{bib1459 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1460, +@misc{bib1472, author = {Campbell, Carl and Campbell, Jody}, local_ids = {99050}, title = {Yade Grammar Essentials}, @@ -13028,20 +13139,20 @@ @misc{bib1460 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib1461, +@misc{bib1473, author = {Campetela, Cliene}, pages = {199}, title = {Aspectos Prosódicos da Língua Ikpeng}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1462, +@misc{bib1474, author = {Campos Castro, Ricardo}, title = {Interface morfologia e sintaxe em Tenetehára}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib1463, +@book{bib1475, author = {Canada, Statistics}, local_ids = {99703}, num = {98-400-X2016363}, @@ -13050,14 +13161,14 @@ @book{bib1463 url = {https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=112132&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=122&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=} } -@book{bib1464, +@book{bib1476, author = {Candinas, Theo}, publisher = {s.n}, title = {Romontsch sursilvan: grammatica elementara per emprender igl idiom sursilvan}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib1465, +@article{bib1477, author = {Canestrelli, Philippo and Boas, Franz}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-84}, @@ -13066,7 +13177,7 @@ @article{bib1465 year = {1927} } -@article{bib1466, +@article{bib1478, author = {Canestrelli, Philippo}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -13076,7 +13187,7 @@ @article{bib1466 year = {1927} } -@article{bib1467, +@article{bib1479, author = {Canestrelli, Philippo}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -13086,14 +13197,14 @@ @article{bib1467 year = {1938} } -@book{bib1468, +@book{bib1480, author = {Canonge, Elliot}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Comanche Texts}, year = {1958} } -@book{bib1469, +@book{bib1481, author = {Canonici, Noverino N.}, pages = {78}, publisher = {Dept. of Zulu Language and Literature, Univ. of Natal}, @@ -13101,7 +13212,7 @@ @book{bib1469 year = {1994} } -@book{bib1470, +@book{bib1482, author = {Capell, A.}, publisher = {University of Sydney, Australia:}, series = {Oceania Linguistic Monographs}, @@ -13110,7 +13221,7 @@ @book{bib1470 year = {1969} } -@article{bib1471, +@article{bib1483, author = {Capell, A.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {295-308}, @@ -13119,7 +13230,7 @@ @article{bib1471 year = {1940-1941} } -@article{bib1472, +@article{bib1484, author = {Capell, A.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {191-219, 311-337, 19-48}, @@ -13128,7 +13239,7 @@ @article{bib1472 year = {1943, 1943, 1944} } -@incollection{bib1473, +@incollection{bib1485, author = {Capell, A.}, editor = {Capell, A.}, address = {Sydney}, @@ -13140,7 +13251,7 @@ @incollection{bib1473 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib1474, +@incollection{bib1486, author = {Capell, Arthur}, editor = {Coate, H. H. J. and Oates, L.}, booktitle = {A Grammar of Ngarinjin: Western Australia Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -13151,7 +13262,7 @@ @incollection{bib1474 year = {1970} } -@misc{bib1475, +@misc{bib1487, author = {Capell, A.}, pages = {55-106}, title = {The Laragia language}, @@ -13159,7 +13270,7 @@ @misc{bib1475 year = {1984} } -@book{bib1476, +@book{bib1488, author = {Capell, A.}, address = {Auckland}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of New Zealand}, @@ -13169,7 +13280,7 @@ @book{bib1476 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib1477, +@incollection{bib1489, author = {Capell, A.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -13181,14 +13292,14 @@ @incollection{bib1477 year = {1975} } -@book{bib1478, +@book{bib1490, author = {Capen, Carole Jamieson}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Mazateco de Chiquihuitlán, Oaxaca}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib1479, +@book{bib1491, author = {Capistrán, Alejandra}, isbn = {9789004288874}, local_ids = {98752}, @@ -13199,7 +13310,7 @@ @book{bib1479 year = {2015} } -@book{bib1480, +@book{bib1492, author = {Bouquet, Christian and Caprile, Jean-Pierre}, pages = {87-101}, publisher = {communication au 11ème congrès de la Société Linguistique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (SLAO), Yaoundé, avril 1974}, @@ -13207,7 +13318,7 @@ @book{bib1480 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib1481, +@incollection{bib1493, author = {Mansen, R. and Captain, D.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -13216,7 +13327,7 @@ @incollection{bib1481 year = {2000} } -@article{bib1482, +@article{bib1494, author = {Captain, Davud}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {137-172}, @@ -13225,7 +13336,7 @@ @article{bib1482 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1483, +@book{bib1495, author = {Carbou, Henri}, pages = {213-290}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -13233,14 +13344,14 @@ @book{bib1483 year = {1912} } -@book{bib1484, +@book{bib1496, author = {Cardaillac, K. R.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {A Descriptive Analysis of Gascon (Donzac)}, year = {1971} } -@article{bib1485, +@article{bib1497, author = {Cardinall, A. W.}, journal = {Africa}, number = {4}, @@ -13250,27 +13361,27 @@ @article{bib1485 year = {1929} } -@book{bib1486, +@book{bib1498, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, publisher = {unpublished}, title = {Coprus of Calicut Indo-Portuguese speech}, year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1487, +@misc{bib1499, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, title = {Corpus of Cannanore Indo-Portuguese speech, unpublished}, year = {2006-2015} } -@book{bib1488, +@book{bib1500, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, publisher = {unpublished}, title = {Corpus of Vypeen [Cochin] Indo-Portuguese speech}, year = {2007-2010} } -@incollection{bib1489, +@incollection{bib1501, author = {Cardoso and C., Hugo and Hagemeijer, Tjerk and Alexandre, Nélia}, editor = {Iliescu, Maria and Roegeist, Eugeen}, booktitle = {Manuel des anthologies, corpus et textes romans}, @@ -13279,7 +13390,7 @@ @incollection{bib1489 year = {2015} } -@article{bib1490, +@article{bib1502, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, journal = {Revista de crioulos de Base Lexical Portuguese e Espanhola}, pages = {87-114}, @@ -13288,7 +13399,7 @@ @article{bib1490 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1491, +@book{bib1503, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, address = {Ibero-Asian Creoles}, pages = {81-123}, @@ -13297,7 +13408,7 @@ @book{bib1491 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1492, +@book{bib1504, author = {Cardoso, Carlos Lopes}, pages = {36}, publisher = {Museu Regional de Ceramica}, @@ -13306,14 +13417,14 @@ @book{bib1492 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib1493, +@misc{bib1505, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, local_ids = {99433}, title = {Personal Communication on Malabar Indo-Portuguese Creole}, year = {2018} } -@article{bib1494, +@article{bib1506, author = {Cardoso, Hugo C.}, journal = {Papia}, pages = {307-342}, @@ -13322,14 +13433,14 @@ @article{bib1494 year = {2014} } -@book{bib1495, +@book{bib1507, author = {Carey, Iskandar}, publisher = {Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka}, title = {Tenleq kui Serok: a study of the Temiar language, with an ethnographical summary}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib1496, +@book{bib1508, author = {Carlin, Eithne B.}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, @@ -13339,13 +13450,13 @@ @book{bib1496 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1497, +@misc{bib1509, author = {Carlin, Eithne B.}, title = {Das So: eine Kuliak-Sprache aus Uganda}, year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib1498, +@incollection{bib1510, author = {Carlin, Eithne B.}, editor = {Aikhenvald, Alexandra and Dixon, R.M.W.}, booktitle = {Grammars in Contact}, @@ -13355,7 +13466,7 @@ @incollection{bib1498 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1499, +@article{bib1511, author = {Carlin, Eithne}, journal = {New West Indian Guide/Nieuwe West-Indische Gids}, pages = {4-42}, @@ -13364,7 +13475,7 @@ @article{bib1499 year = {1998} } -@book{bib1500, +@book{bib1512, author = {Carlin, Eithne}, pages = {220}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität zu Köln}, @@ -13374,7 +13485,7 @@ @book{bib1500 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib1501, +@incollection{bib1513, author = {Carlson, Robert and Payne, Doris}, editor = {Robert Carlsson, Scott DeLancey and Gildea, Spike and Payne, Doris and Saxena, Anju}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Pacific Linguistics Conference}, @@ -13383,7 +13494,7 @@ @incollection{bib1501 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib1502, +@incollection{bib1514, author = {Carlson, Ruth and Eachus, Francis}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -13392,7 +13503,7 @@ @incollection{bib1502 year = {1966} } -@article{bib1503, +@article{bib1515, author = {Carlson, Barry F. and Esling, John H. and Fraser, Katie}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, pages = {275-279}, @@ -13401,7 +13512,7 @@ @article{bib1503 year = {2001} } -@article{bib1504, +@article{bib1516, author = {Carlson, Barry F. and Thomas, John}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {317-327}, @@ -13410,7 +13521,7 @@ @article{bib1504 year = {1979} } -@article{bib1505, +@article{bib1517, author = {Carlton, Elizabeth M. and Rand, Sharon R.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, @@ -13420,7 +13531,7 @@ @article{bib1505 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib1506, +@incollection{bib1518, author = {Carmen Dorigo, Raquel Costa}, editor = {Rodrigues, Aryon Dall'Igna and Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, booktitle = {Novos estudos sobre línguas indígenas}, @@ -13429,7 +13540,7 @@ @incollection{bib1506 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1507, +@book{bib1519, author = {Carol, Javier}, publisher = {LINCOM}, series = {LINCOM Studies in Native American Linguistics}, @@ -13437,7 +13548,7 @@ @book{bib1507 year = {2014} } -@article{bib1508, +@article{bib1520, author = {Dear, Caroline De and Possemato, Francesco and Blythe, Joe}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -13451,13 +13562,13 @@ @article{bib1508 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib1509, +@misc{bib1521, author = {Caron, Bernard}, title = {A linguist's field notes}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib1510, +@incollection{bib1522, author = {Caron, Bernard}, editor = {Takács, Gábor}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -13473,7 +13584,7 @@ @incollection{bib1510 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1511, +@misc{bib1523, author = {Caron, Bernard}, institution = {LLACAN}, local_ids = {98326}, @@ -13481,7 +13592,7 @@ @misc{bib1511 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1512, +@misc{bib1524, author = {Caron, Bernard}, local_ids = {98423}, title = {Documenting linguistic varieties of the South-Bauchi group}, @@ -13489,7 +13600,7 @@ @misc{bib1512 year = {2009} } -@article{bib1513, +@article{bib1525, author = {Caron, Bernard}, journal = {Afrika Und Übersee}, title = {Guus, aka Sigidi (Chadic, West-B, South-Bauchi): Grammatical notes and vocabulary}, @@ -13497,7 +13608,7 @@ @article{bib1513 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1514, +@incollection{bib1526, author = {Caron, B.}, editor = {Boyeldieu, P. and Nougayrol, P.}, address = {Louvain-Paris}, @@ -13513,7 +13624,7 @@ @incollection{bib1514 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1515, +@incollection{bib1527, author = {Caron, Bernard}, editor = {Tourneux, Henry and Woïn, Noé}, booktitle = {XIIIe colloque international du Réseau Méga-Tchad}, @@ -13524,21 +13635,21 @@ @incollection{bib1515 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1516, +@misc{bib1528, author = {Caron, Bernard}, local_ids = {98330}, title = {Number in South-Bauchi West Languages (Chadic, Nigeria)}, year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1517, +@misc{bib1529, author = {Caron, Bernard}, title = {Polci Languages}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/647754/filename/Caron2005_Polci.pdf}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib1518, +@incollection{bib1530, author = {Caron, Bernard}, editor = {Caron, Bernard and Zima, Peter}, booktitle = {Sprachbund in the West African Sahel}, @@ -13551,7 +13662,7 @@ @incollection{bib1518 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1519, +@misc{bib1531, author = {Caron, Bernard}, local_ids = {98422}, title = {Tonal Inversion in Geji and Pelu}, @@ -13559,7 +13670,7 @@ @misc{bib1519 year = {2011} } -@book{bib1520, +@book{bib1532, author = {Caron, Bernard}, institution = {LLACAN}, local_ids = {98323}, @@ -13569,7 +13680,7 @@ @book{bib1520 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib1521, +@incollection{bib1533, author = {Caron, Bernard}, editor = {Nicolai, Robert and Zima, Petr}, booktitle = {Lexical and Structural Diffusion. Interplay of Internal and External Factors of Language Development in the West African Sahel}, @@ -13577,7 +13688,7 @@ @incollection{bib1521 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1522, +@misc{bib1534, author = {Caron, Bernard}, institution = {Institut de Recherche français en Afrique}, local_ids = {98324}, @@ -13585,7 +13696,7 @@ @misc{bib1522 year = {2005} } -@article{bib1523, +@article{bib1535, author = {Carreira, António}, journal = {Bol. cultural de Guiné Portugesa}, number = {71}, @@ -13595,21 +13706,21 @@ @article{bib1523 year = {1963} } -@book{bib1524, +@book{bib1536, author = {Carreira, António}, publisher = {Junta de Investigações do Ultramar (JIU)}, title = {Antroponímia da Guiné Portuguesa}, year = {1964/66} } -@book{bib1525, +@book{bib1537, author = {Carreño, Alberto M.}, publisher = {Imprenta y Fototipia de la Secretaria de Fomento}, title = {Noticias de Nutka}, year = {1913} } -@book{bib1526, +@book{bib1538, author = {Carrier, Tim}, publisher = {Folkstreams}, title = {Family Across the Sea}, @@ -13617,7 +13728,7 @@ @book{bib1526 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib1527, +@misc{bib1539, author = {Carro de Noya, Tracy}, local_ids = {24543}, title = {"A documentation of the Tomárâho variety of Chamacoco, a language of the Paraguayan Chaco, and research into its verbal morphosyntax" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -13625,7 +13736,7 @@ @misc{bib1527 year = {2011} } -@book{bib1528, +@book{bib1540, author = {Carroll, Vern}, address = {Wellington, New Zealand}, publisher = {The Polynesian Society}, @@ -13634,32 +13745,32 @@ @book{bib1528 year = {1965} } -@misc{bib1529, +@misc{bib1541, author = {Carroll, P. J.}, title = {Kunwinjku: A Language of Western Arnhem Land}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib1530, +@book{bib1542, author = {Carroll, Vern and Soulik, Tobias}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Nukuoro Lexicon}, year = {1973} } -@misc{bib1531, +@misc{bib1543, author = {Carson, Neusa M.}, title = {Phonology and Morphosyntax of Macuxi (Carib)}, year = {1982} } -@misc{bib1532, +@misc{bib1544, author = {Carter, Richard T.}, title = {Chipewyan relative clauses}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1533, +@incollection{bib1545, author = {Carter, Richard T.}, editor = {Wolfart, H. C.}, booktitle = {Linguistic Studies presented to John L. Finlay Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics Memoir}, @@ -13670,7 +13781,7 @@ @incollection{bib1533 year = {1991} } -@article{bib1534, +@article{bib1546, author = {Carter, G. G.}, journal = {Journal of the Polynesian Society}, pages = {230-242}, @@ -13679,7 +13790,7 @@ @article{bib1534 year = {1952} } -@book{bib1535, +@book{bib1547, author = {Carter, Richard T.}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, University of Manitoba}, series = {University of Manitoba Anthropology Papers}, @@ -13688,20 +13799,20 @@ @book{bib1535 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib1536, +@misc{bib1548, author = {Casali, Roderick F.}, title = {Some phonological processes in Nawuri}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib1537, +@book{bib1549, author = {Casamiquela, Rodolfo M.}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, title = {Nociones de Gramática del Gününa Küne: Présentation de la langue des Tehuelche Septentrionaux Australs (Patagonie Continentale)}, year = {1983} } -@article{bib1538, +@article{bib1550, author = {Casamiquela, Rodolfo}, journal = {Runa}, number = {2}, @@ -13711,19 +13822,19 @@ @article{bib1538 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib1539, +@misc{bib1551, author = {Cashdan, Elizabeth Ann and Chasko jnr, William J.}, title = {Report on the Bakgalagadi settlements of Molapo and /O€we in the Central Reserve}, year = {1976} } -@misc{bib1540, +@misc{bib1552, author = {Cashdan, E. A.}, title = {Trade and reciprocity among the river Bushmen of Northern Botswana}, year = {1979} } -@article{bib1541, +@article{bib1553, author = {Caspar, Franz}, journal = {Revista de Antropologia}, number = {2}, @@ -13733,7 +13844,7 @@ @article{bib1541 year = {1957} } -@incollection{bib1542, +@incollection{bib1554, author = {Caspar, Franz}, editor = {Baldus, Herbert}, booktitle = {Anais do XXXI Congresso Internacional de Americanistas 31, São Paulo, 1954}, @@ -13742,7 +13853,7 @@ @incollection{bib1542 year = {1955} } -@book{bib1543, +@book{bib1555, author = {Caspar, Franz}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, @@ -13752,7 +13863,7 @@ @book{bib1543 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib1544, +@incollection{bib1556, author = {Castañeda, Leonardo Manrique}, editor = {Cuarón, Beatriz Garza}, address = {Mexico City}, @@ -13764,7 +13875,7 @@ @incollection{bib1544 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1545, +@book{bib1557, author = {Castren, Matthias Alexander}, publisher = {Indiana University}, series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -13773,7 +13884,7 @@ @book{bib1545 year = {1966} } -@book{bib1546, +@book{bib1558, author = {Castro, Charles P.}, address = {Revitalizing indigenous languages}, publisher = {Using indigenous languages as medium of instruction.}, @@ -13781,7 +13892,7 @@ @book{bib1546 year = {2013} } -@book{bib1547, +@book{bib1559, author = {Sánchez, Javier López and Martínez, Alejandra Arellano and Demay, Almandina Cárdenas and Castro, Marisol Flores}, editor = {Osorio, Arnulfo Embriz and (coordinadores), Óscar Zamora Alarcón}, address = {México}, @@ -13793,28 +13904,28 @@ @book{bib1547 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1548, +@book{bib1560, author = {Castrén, Matthias Alexander}, publisher = {Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften}, title = {Versuch einer Jenissei-Ostjakischen und Kottischen Sprachlehre}, year = {1858} } -@misc{bib1549, +@misc{bib1561, author = {Cathcart, Marilyn}, pages = {71}, title = {Cacua Grammar: Writeup Stage II}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib1550, +@book{bib1562, author = {Cathcart, M.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Fonologia del Cacua. Sistemos fonologicos de idiomas colombianos}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1551, +@incollection{bib1563, author = {Cathcart, Marilyn E. and Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, editor = {Longacre, Robert E. and Woods, Frances}, booktitle = {Discourse grammar: Studies in indigenous languages of Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, part 2 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -13825,7 +13936,7 @@ @incollection{bib1551 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1552, +@article{bib1564, author = {Caton, John Dean}, journal = {The Atlantic monthly}, number = {428}, @@ -13835,7 +13946,7 @@ @article{bib1552 year = {1893} } -@misc{bib1553, +@misc{bib1565, author = {Cauchard, Aurelie}, local_ids = {99668}, school = {The University of Manchester}, @@ -13844,7 +13955,7 @@ @misc{bib1553 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1554, +@misc{bib1566, author = {Cauchard, Aurélie}, local_ids = {24715}, title = {"Documenting Caac, an endangered language spoken in the north of New Caledonia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -13852,7 +13963,7 @@ @misc{bib1554 year = {2010} } -@article{bib1555, +@article{bib1567, author = {Caudmont, J.}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropologia}, pages = {189-206}, @@ -13861,7 +13972,7 @@ @article{bib1555 year = {1954} } -@article{bib1556, +@article{bib1568, author = {Caudmont, Jean}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropología}, pages = {273-284}, @@ -13870,7 +13981,7 @@ @article{bib1556 year = {1955} } -@book{bib1557, +@book{bib1569, author = {Caughley, Ross C.}, pages = {40}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal Studies, Tribhuvan University}, @@ -13878,7 +13989,7 @@ @book{bib1557 year = {1972} } -@book{bib1558, +@book{bib1570, author = {Caughley, Ross C.}, local_ids = {98160}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics}, @@ -13886,7 +13997,7 @@ @book{bib1558 year = {2000} } -@book{bib1559, +@book{bib1571, author = {Caughley, Ross C.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -13896,13 +14007,13 @@ @book{bib1559 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib1560, +@misc{bib1572, author = {Caughley, Ross C.}, title = {Verbal syntax and morphology of the Chepang Language of Nepal}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib1561, +@article{bib1573, author = {Cauquelin, J.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, number = {1}, @@ -13912,7 +14023,7 @@ @article{bib1561 year = {1991} } -@article{bib1562, +@article{bib1574, author = {Cauty, A.}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {85-103}, @@ -13921,7 +14032,7 @@ @article{bib1562 year = {1978} } -@article{bib1563, +@article{bib1575, author = {Cauty, A.}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropologia}, pages = {251-254}, @@ -13930,7 +14041,7 @@ @article{bib1563 year = {1974} } -@article{bib1564, +@article{bib1576, author = {Cauty, A.}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropologia}, pages = {255-258}, @@ -13939,13 +14050,13 @@ @article{bib1564 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib1565, +@misc{bib1577, author = {Cavalcante, Marita Porto}, title = {Fonologia e morfologia da língua Kaingáng: o dialeto de São Paulo comparado com o do Paraná}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib1566, +@book{bib1578, author = {Cavalcante Sousa, Gladys}, address = {Campinas}, pages = {122}, @@ -13955,7 +14066,7 @@ @book{bib1566 year = {2004} } -@book{bib1567, +@book{bib1579, author = {Sallés, Arturo Hernández and Pizarro, Nelly Ramos and Cayuqueo, Rosa Huenchulaf}, address = {Temuco}, publisher = {Corporación Nacional de Desarrollo Indígena - CONADI}, @@ -13964,7 +14075,7 @@ @book{bib1567 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1568, +@article{bib1580, author = {Cazes, D.}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {65-115}, @@ -13973,7 +14084,7 @@ @article{bib1568 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib1569, +@incollection{bib1581, author = {Cazes, D.}, editor = {Pottier, B.}, booktitle = {América Latina en sus Lenguas Indígenas Colección Especial Temas Venezolanos}, @@ -13983,7 +14094,7 @@ @incollection{bib1569 year = {1983} } -@article{bib1570, +@article{bib1582, author = {Cazes, Daniel}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {71-102}, @@ -13992,21 +14103,21 @@ @article{bib1570 year = {1977} } -@book{bib1571, +@book{bib1583, author = {Celedon, Rafael}, publisher = {Maisonneuve}, title = {Gramática, catecismo i vocabulario de la lengua goajira}, year = {1878} } -@book{bib1572, +@book{bib1584, author = {Celedón, Rafael}, publisher = {Maisonneuve Freres & Ch. Leclerc}, title = {Gramatica de la Lengua Köggaba}, year = {1886} } -@incollection{bib1573, +@incollection{bib1585, author = {Celedón, Rafael}, booktitle = {Actas del 8 Congreso Internacional de Americanistas Paris}, pages = {600-611}, @@ -14014,7 +14125,7 @@ @incollection{bib1573 year = {1890} } -@misc{bib1574, +@misc{bib1586, author = {Center, Alaska Native Language}, institution = {Alaska Native Language Center}, local_ids = {98425}, @@ -14023,7 +14134,7 @@ @misc{bib1574 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1575, +@misc{bib1587, author = {Center, Myaamia}, local_ids = {93080}, title = {Personal Communication: Myaamia Language Locations}, @@ -14031,7 +14142,7 @@ @misc{bib1575 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib1576, +@misc{bib1588, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89772}, @@ -14040,7 +14151,7 @@ @misc{bib1576 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1577, +@misc{bib1589, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89776}, @@ -14049,7 +14160,7 @@ @misc{bib1577 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1578, +@misc{bib1590, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89775}, @@ -14058,7 +14169,7 @@ @misc{bib1578 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1579, +@misc{bib1591, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89774}, @@ -14067,7 +14178,7 @@ @misc{bib1579 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1580, +@misc{bib1592, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89773}, @@ -14076,7 +14187,7 @@ @misc{bib1580 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1581, +@misc{bib1593, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89760}, @@ -14085,7 +14196,7 @@ @misc{bib1581 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1582, +@misc{bib1594, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89761}, @@ -14094,7 +14205,7 @@ @misc{bib1582 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1583, +@misc{bib1595, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89762}, @@ -14103,7 +14214,7 @@ @misc{bib1583 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1584, +@misc{bib1596, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89763}, @@ -14112,7 +14223,7 @@ @misc{bib1584 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1585, +@misc{bib1597, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89764}, @@ -14121,7 +14232,7 @@ @misc{bib1585 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1586, +@misc{bib1598, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89765}, @@ -14130,7 +14241,7 @@ @misc{bib1586 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1587, +@misc{bib1599, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89766}, @@ -14139,7 +14250,7 @@ @misc{bib1587 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1588, +@misc{bib1600, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89768}, @@ -14148,7 +14259,7 @@ @misc{bib1588 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1589, +@misc{bib1601, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89767}, @@ -14157,7 +14268,7 @@ @misc{bib1589 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1590, +@misc{bib1602, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89769}, @@ -14166,7 +14277,7 @@ @misc{bib1590 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1591, +@misc{bib1603, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89770}, @@ -14175,7 +14286,7 @@ @misc{bib1591 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1592, +@misc{bib1604, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, howpublished = {Web page}, local_ids = {89771}, @@ -14184,7 +14295,7 @@ @misc{bib1592 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1593, +@misc{bib1605, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, local_ids = {89691}, title = {Tharrkari}, @@ -14192,7 +14303,7 @@ @misc{bib1593 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1594, +@misc{bib1606, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, local_ids = {89692}, title = {Warnman}, @@ -14200,7 +14311,7 @@ @misc{bib1594 year = {2009} } -@book{bib1595, +@book{bib1607, author = {Centre, VACL State Language}, address = {Fitzroy}, local_ids = {98848}, @@ -14209,14 +14320,14 @@ @book{bib1595 url = {http://vaclang.org.au/projects/swan-hill-primary-school.html} } -@misc{bib1596, +@misc{bib1608, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, local_ids = {89543}, title = {Yindjibarndi}, url = {http://www.wangkamaya.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=187&Itemid=349} } -@misc{bib1597, +@misc{bib1609, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, local_ids = {89697}, title = {Yinhawangka}, @@ -14224,7 +14335,7 @@ @misc{bib1597 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1598, +@misc{bib1610, author = {Centre, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language}, local_ids = {89698}, title = {Yulparija}, @@ -14232,7 +14343,7 @@ @misc{bib1598 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1599, +@misc{bib1611, author = {Cercvadze, I. I.}, pages = {276-292}, title = {Andijskij jazyk}, @@ -14240,7 +14351,7 @@ @misc{bib1599 year = {1967} } -@book{bib1600, +@book{bib1612, author = {Pickett, Velma B. and Black, Cheryl and Cerqueda, Vicente Marcial}, address = {Coyoacán}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -14248,7 +14359,7 @@ @book{bib1600 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1601, +@incollection{bib1613, author = {Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 1: Ámbito Andino}, @@ -14261,7 +14372,7 @@ @incollection{bib1601 year = {2009} } -@article{bib1602, +@article{bib1614, author = {Cerrón-Palomino, R.}, journal = {Revista Andina}, number = {1}, @@ -14271,19 +14382,19 @@ @article{bib1602 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib1603, +@misc{bib1615, author = {Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo}, title = {El chipaya o la lengua de los hombres del agua}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1604, +@misc{bib1616, author = {Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo}, title = {El Chipaya o Lengua de los Hombres del Agua}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1605, +@article{bib1617, author = {Cerulli, E.}, journal = {RSE}, number = {3}, @@ -14293,7 +14404,7 @@ @article{bib1605 year = {1942} } -@book{bib1606, +@book{bib1618, author = {Cerulli, Enrico}, pages = {vi, 231}, publisher = {Ist. per l’Oriente}, @@ -14302,7 +14413,7 @@ @book{bib1606 year = {1938} } -@article{bib1607, +@article{bib1619, author = {Cerulli, Enrico}, journal = {Oriente moderno}, pages = {26-35}, @@ -14311,7 +14422,7 @@ @article{bib1607 year = {1942} } -@book{bib1608, +@book{bib1620, author = {Cerulli, Enrico}, address = {Roma}, publisher = {Instituto Per l'Oriente}, @@ -14321,7 +14432,7 @@ @book{bib1608 year = {1938} } -@book{bib1609, +@book{bib1621, author = {Cerulli, Ernesta}, address = {London}, pages = {148, maps}, @@ -14332,7 +14443,7 @@ @book{bib1609 year = {1956} } -@article{bib1610, +@article{bib1622, author = {Ch'ang-p'ei, Lo}, journal = {Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies}, pages = {343-348}, @@ -14341,34 +14452,34 @@ @article{bib1610 year = {1945} } -@book{bib1611, +@book{bib1623, author = {Hayward, Richard J and Chabo, Eshetu}, publisher = {Harrassowitz Verlag}, title = {Gamo-English-Amharic Dictionary with an Introductory Grammar of Gamo}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1612, +@misc{bib1624, author = {Chacon, Thiago}, local_ids = {98405}, title = {Personal communication about Kubeo}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1613, +@misc{bib1625, author = {Chacon, Thiago}, local_ids = {99492}, title = {Personal Communication on Arutani} } -@book{bib1614, +@book{bib1626, author = {Chadwick, Neil}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, title = {A Descriptive Study of the Djingili Language}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib1615, +@article{bib1627, author = {Chadwick, N.}, journal = {Oceania}, number = {4}, @@ -14378,7 +14489,7 @@ @article{bib1615 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib1616, +@incollection{bib1628, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, editor = {Hyman, Larry}, booktitle = {Studies in Stress and Accent Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -14389,7 +14500,7 @@ @incollection{bib1616 year = {1977} } -@book{bib1617, +@book{bib1629, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, address = {Baltimore, Maryland}, publisher = {Waverly Press}, @@ -14399,7 +14510,7 @@ @book{bib1617 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib1618, +@incollection{bib1630, author = {Chafe, Wallace}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -14410,7 +14521,7 @@ @incollection{bib1618 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib1619, +@incollection{bib1631, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne}, booktitle = {The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment}, @@ -14419,14 +14530,14 @@ @incollection{bib1619 year = {1979} } -@book{bib1620, +@book{bib1632, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, publisher = {University of the State New York}, title = {Handbook of the Seneca language}, year = {1963} } -@article{bib1621, +@article{bib1633, author = {Chafe, W. L. and Foster, M. K.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {121-142}, @@ -14435,7 +14546,7 @@ @article{bib1621 year = {1981} } -@article{bib1622, +@article{bib1634, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {11-22, 123-129, 224-233, 283-289, 42-45, 114-118, 223-225, 320-328}, @@ -14444,7 +14555,7 @@ @article{bib1622 year = {1960, 1960, 1960, 1960, 1961, 1961, 1961, 1961} } -@book{bib1623, +@book{bib1635, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, address = {Washington, D.C}, pages = {126}, @@ -14455,7 +14566,7 @@ @book{bib1623 year = {1967} } -@article{bib1624, +@article{bib1636, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {11-22}, @@ -14464,7 +14575,7 @@ @article{bib1624 year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib1625, +@incollection{bib1637, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, editor = {Sebeok, Thomas A.}, booktitle = {Native Languages of the Americas: Volume 1}, @@ -14473,7 +14584,7 @@ @incollection{bib1625 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib1626, +@incollection{bib1638, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -14485,14 +14596,14 @@ @incollection{bib1626 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1627, +@book{bib1639, author = {Chafe, Wallace L.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {The Caddoan, Iroquoian, and Siouan Languages}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib1628, +@book{bib1640, author = {Chaffanjon, J.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie Hachette Et.}, @@ -14500,7 +14611,7 @@ @book{bib1628 year = {1889} } -@book{bib1629, +@book{bib1641, author = {Chagnon, Napoleon A.}, publisher = {Harcourt Brace College Publishers}, series = {Case studies in cultural anthropology}, @@ -14508,7 +14619,7 @@ @book{bib1629 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1630, +@book{bib1642, author = {Chaillu, Paul Belloni du}, pages = {xxiv, 501}, publisher = {John Murray}, @@ -14516,7 +14627,7 @@ @book{bib1630 year = {1867} } -@book{bib1631, +@book{bib1643, author = {Chaillu, Paul Belloni du}, pages = {viii, [11]-254, plates}, publisher = {Sampson Low & Co.}, @@ -14524,7 +14635,7 @@ @book{bib1631 year = {1871} } -@article{bib1632, +@article{bib1644, author = {Chalmers, James}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {139-143}, @@ -14533,7 +14644,7 @@ @article{bib1632 year = {1897} } -@book{bib1633, +@book{bib1645, author = {Chamanga, Mohamed Ahmed}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the world: materials, #57}, @@ -14541,7 +14652,7 @@ @book{bib1633 year = {199x} } -@article{bib1634, +@article{bib1646, author = {Chamanga, Mohamed Ahmed and Lafon, Michel and Sibertin-Blanc, Jean-Luc}, journal = {Etudes océan indien}, pages = {7-34}, @@ -14550,7 +14661,7 @@ @article{bib1634 year = {1988} } -@article{bib1635, +@article{bib1647, author = {Chamanga, Mohamed Ahmed}, journal = {Asie du sud-est et monde insulindien (ASEMI)}, pages = {73-80}, @@ -14559,7 +14670,7 @@ @article{bib1635 year = {1976} } -@article{bib1636, +@article{bib1648, author = {Chamanga, Mohamed Ahmed and Gueunier, Noël-Jacques}, journal = {Asie du sud-est et monde insulindien (ASEMI)}, pages = {45-77}, @@ -14568,7 +14679,7 @@ @article{bib1636 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1637, +@article{bib1649, author = {Chamanga, Mohamed Ahmed and Gueunier, Noël-Jacques}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, pages = {213-239}, @@ -14577,7 +14688,7 @@ @article{bib1637 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1638, +@article{bib1650, author = {Chamberlain, Basil H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {383-395}, @@ -14586,7 +14697,7 @@ @article{bib1638 year = {1898} } -@article{bib1639, +@article{bib1651, author = {Chamberlain, A. F.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {1}, @@ -14596,7 +14707,7 @@ @article{bib1639 year = {1909} } -@article{bib1640, +@article{bib1652, author = {Chandless, W.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Geographical Society}, pages = {296-311}, @@ -14605,40 +14716,40 @@ @article{bib1640 year = {1869} } -@misc{bib1641, +@misc{bib1653, author = {Chanfi, Djae Ahamada}, title = {Les formes verbales fléchies du comorien}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib1642, +@misc{bib1654, author = {Chanfi, Djae Ahamada}, title = {Le syntagme nominal en comorien}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib1643, +@book{bib1655, author = {Chang, 張永利 Henry Y.}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {噶瑪蘭語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Kavalan]}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib1644, +@book{bib1656, author = {Chang, 張永利 Henry Y.}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {賽德克語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Seediq]}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib1645, +@book{bib1657, author = {Chang and 常俊之, Junzhi and and 戴慶廈, Qingxia Dai}, publisher = {China Social Sciences Press}, title = {元江苦聰話參考語法 Reference grammar of Yuanjiang Kucong}, year = {2011} } -@article{bib1646, +@article{bib1658, author = {Chang, L.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -14648,13 +14759,13 @@ @article{bib1646 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib1647, +@misc{bib1659, author = {Chanudet, Claude}, title = {Contribution à l’étude du peuplement de l’île de Mohéli}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1648, +@incollection{bib1660, author = {Chapin, Paul G.}, editor = {Lehmann, Winfred P.}, booktitle = {Syntactic Typology}, @@ -14663,14 +14774,14 @@ @incollection{bib1648 year = {1978} } -@book{bib1649, +@book{bib1661, author = {Chapman, Shirley and Salzer, Meinke}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, title = {dictionário bilíngue nas línguas paumarí e portuguesa}, year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib1650, +@incollection{bib1662, author = {Chapman, Shirley and Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 3}, @@ -14679,7 +14790,7 @@ @incollection{bib1650 year = {1991} } -@book{bib1651, +@book{bib1663, author = {Chapman, Shirley}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Archivo Linguistico}, @@ -14688,7 +14799,7 @@ @book{bib1651 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1652, +@book{bib1664, author = {Chapman, John W.}, publisher = {E. J. Brill}, series = {Publications of the American Ethnological Society}, @@ -14697,7 +14808,7 @@ @book{bib1652 year = {1914} } -@book{bib1653, +@book{bib1665, author = {Grimes, Charles E. and Therik, Tom and Grimes, Barbara Dix and Jacob, Max}, address = {Kupang, Indonesia}, local_ids = {99357}, @@ -14707,7 +14818,7 @@ @book{bib1653 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1654, +@book{bib1666, author = {Kirton, Jean and Charlie, Bella}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -14717,7 +14828,7 @@ @book{bib1654 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1655, +@book{bib1667, author = {Charney, Jean Ormsbee}, address = {Lincoln}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, @@ -14726,7 +14837,7 @@ @book{bib1655 year = {1993} } -@book{bib1656, +@book{bib1668, author = {Charpentier, Jean-Michel}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {CNRS}, @@ -14736,7 +14847,7 @@ @book{bib1656 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1657, +@incollection{bib1669, author = {Charpentier, Jean-Michel}, editor = {Cunningham, Denis and Ingram, David and Sumbuk, Kenneth}, booktitle = {Language Diversity in the Pacific: Endangerment and Survival}, @@ -14747,7 +14858,7 @@ @incollection{bib1657 year = {2006} } -@book{bib1658, +@book{bib1670, author = {Chattopadhyay, Subhash Chandra and Mukhopadhyay, Asok Kumar}, address = {Kolkata}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India}, @@ -14755,7 +14866,7 @@ @book{bib1658 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib1659, +@incollection{bib1671, author = {Chaudenson, Robert}, editor = {Ammon, Ulrich and Dittmar, Norbert and Mattheier, Klaus and Trudgill, Peter}, address = {Berlin & New York}, @@ -14769,7 +14880,7 @@ @incollection{bib1659 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1660, +@article{bib1672, author = {Chaumeil, J. P}, journal = {Amazonía Peruana}, pages = {159-176, 161-164}, @@ -14778,7 +14889,7 @@ @article{bib1660 year = {1976, 1987} } -@incollection{bib1661, +@incollection{bib1673, author = {Chaumeil, Jean-Pierre}, editor = {Santos, F. and Barclay, F.}, address = {Lima}, @@ -14790,13 +14901,13 @@ @incollection{bib1661 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib1662, +@misc{bib1674, author = {{Vignali Chaussabel}, Clément}, local_ids = {91007}, title = {Personal Communication} } -@book{bib1663, +@book{bib1675, author = {Chavarría, M. C.}, address = {Lima}, pages = {166}, @@ -14805,7 +14916,7 @@ @book{bib1663 year = {1983} } -@book{bib1664, +@book{bib1676, author = {Chavarrıa, Marıa C.}, publisher = {Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos}, series = {Documentos de Trabajo}, @@ -14814,7 +14925,7 @@ @book{bib1664 year = {1980} } -@article{bib1665, +@article{bib1677, author = {Chebanne, A.M.}, journal = {Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -14824,7 +14935,7 @@ @article{bib1665 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib1666, +@incollection{bib1678, author = {Chebanne, Andy and Nthapelelang, Moemedi}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Düsseldorf, Germany}, @@ -14839,7 +14950,7 @@ @incollection{bib1666 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib1667, +@misc{bib1679, author = {Chelliah, Shobhana}, local_ids = {2290}, title = {"Searchable Archive of Annotated Lamkang Texts [ISO 639 lmk]" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -14847,20 +14958,20 @@ @misc{bib1667 year = {2008} } -@book{bib1668, +@book{bib1680, author = {Chen and 陳宗振, Zongzhen and and Lei, Xuanzhong 雷選春}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {西部裕固語簡志 [A sketch grammar of Yellow Uyghur]}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib1669, +@misc{bib1681, author = {Chen, Hui-Ping}, title = {A sociolinguistic study of second language proficiency, language use, and language attitude among the Yami in Lanyu}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib1670, +@book{bib1682, author = {Chen, Guoching 陳國慶}, address = {Beijing}, local_ids = {98397}, @@ -14869,14 +14980,14 @@ @book{bib1670 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1671, +@book{bib1683, author = {Chen, Kang 陳康}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {土家語研究 [A study of Tujia]}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib1672, +@article{bib1684, author = {Chen, Shu-chuan 陳淑娟}, address = {Hsinchu}, journal = {Journal of Language and Literature (國立新竹教育大學語文學報)}, @@ -14889,21 +15000,21 @@ @article{bib1672 year = {2006} } -@book{bib1673, +@book{bib1685, author = {Chen, Qiguang 陳其光}, publisher = {China Minzu University Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {苗瑤語文 [On Hmong-Mien]}, year = {2013} } -@book{bib1674, +@book{bib1686, author = {Chen, Zongzhen 陳宗振}, publisher = {Zhongguo minzu sheying yishu chubanshe 中國民族攝影藝術出版社}, title = {西部裕固語研究 [Research on Western Yugur]}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib1675, +@article{bib1687, author = {Chirkova, Katia and Chen, Yiya}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, number = {3}, @@ -14913,7 +15024,7 @@ @article{bib1675 year = {2013} } -@article{bib1676, +@article{bib1688, author = {Chevalier, Gwendal}, journal = {Les Cahiers de Sociolinguistique}, local_ids = {98804}, @@ -14922,13 +15033,13 @@ @article{bib1676 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1677, +@misc{bib1689, author = {Cheveau, Loïc}, title = {Approche phonologique, morphologique et syntaxique du Breton du Grand Lorient (Bas-Vannetais)}, year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib1678, +@incollection{bib1690, author = {Schultz, Harald and Chiara, Vilma}, booktitle = {Verhandlungen des XXXVIII Internationalen Amerikanistenkongresses, Stuttgart-München, 1968 Klaus Renner}, pages = {285-308}, @@ -14936,7 +15047,7 @@ @incollection{bib1678 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib1679, +@incollection{bib1691, author = {Chiatoh, Blasius Agha-ah}, editor = {Mba and Gabriel and Tabe and Florence and Neba, Ayu’nwi N.}, booktitle = {Aspects of the phonology, morphology and syntax of Cameroonian languages: (Wandala, Kwandja, Bassa, Limbum, Ghomala’, Kejom, Obang, Baba, West Ring) and applied linguistics: essays in honour of Pius Ngwa Tamanji}, @@ -14944,7 +15055,7 @@ @incollection{bib1679 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib1680, +@incollection{bib1692, author = {Chien, Yuehchen}, editor = {Zeitoun, Elizabeth and Teng, Stacy F. and and Wu, Joy J}, booktitle = {New advance in Formosan linguistics}, @@ -14953,7 +15064,7 @@ @incollection{bib1680 year = {2015} } -@article{bib1681, +@article{bib1693, author = {Chien, Yuehchen and Shinji, Sanada}, journal = {Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, local_ids = {99164}, @@ -14964,7 +15075,7 @@ @article{bib1681 year = {2010} } -@book{bib1682, +@book{bib1694, author = {Childs, G. Tucker}, address = {New York}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -14977,7 +15088,7 @@ @book{bib1682 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1683, +@misc{bib1695, author = {Childs, Tucker}, local_ids = {24740}, title = {"Documenting the Krim and Bom Languages of Sierre Leone (DKB)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -14985,7 +15096,7 @@ @misc{bib1683 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1684, +@misc{bib1696, author = {Childs, Tucker}, howpublished = {HRELP abstract}, institution = {Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project}, @@ -14995,7 +15106,7 @@ @misc{bib1684 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1685, +@incollection{bib1697, author = {Childs, G. Tucker}, booktitle = {The Joy of Language: Proceedings of a symposium honoring the colleagues of David Dwyer on the occasion of his retirement}, local_ids = {89820}, @@ -15005,7 +15116,7 @@ @incollection{bib1685 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib1686, +@misc{bib1698, author = {Childs, George}, howpublished = {NSF Award Abstract}, local_ids = {88205}, @@ -15015,7 +15126,7 @@ @misc{bib1686 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib1687, +@incollection{bib1699, author = {Childs, G. Tucker}, booktitle = {World Congress on African Linguistics (WOCAL 7)}, howpublished = {Conference paper}, @@ -15025,7 +15136,7 @@ @incollection{bib1687 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1688, +@book{bib1700, author = {Chimuka, S.S.}, pages = {ix, 128}, publisher = {National Educational Company of Zambia (NECZAM)}, @@ -15033,7 +15144,7 @@ @book{bib1688 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1689, +@article{bib1701, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, journal = {Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale}, number = {2}, @@ -15043,14 +15154,14 @@ @article{bib1689 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1690, +@misc{bib1702, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, title = {Essential characteristics of Lizu, a Qiangic language of Western Sichuan}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00358909/document}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib1691, +@incollection{bib1703, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, editor = {Alexander Lubotsky, Jos Schaeken and Wiedenhof, Jeroen}, booktitle = {Evidence and Counter-Evidence Essays in Honour of Frederik Kortlandt}, @@ -15061,7 +15172,7 @@ @incollection{bib1691 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1692, +@misc{bib1704, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, local_ids = {99008}, month = {November 12}, @@ -15069,7 +15180,7 @@ @misc{bib1692 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1693, +@misc{bib1705, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, local_ids = {99007}, month = {November 12}, @@ -15077,7 +15188,7 @@ @misc{bib1693 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1694, +@misc{bib1706, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, local_ids = {99006}, month = {November 12}, @@ -15085,7 +15196,7 @@ @misc{bib1694 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1695, +@misc{bib1707, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, local_ids = {99004}, month = {November 12}, @@ -15093,7 +15204,7 @@ @misc{bib1695 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib1696, +@misc{bib1708, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, local_ids = {99003}, month = {November 12}, @@ -15101,7 +15212,7 @@ @misc{bib1696 year = {2015} } -@article{bib1697, +@article{bib1709, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, local_ids = {94860}, @@ -15113,7 +15224,7 @@ @article{bib1697 year = {2009} } -@article{bib1698, +@article{bib1710, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {1}, @@ -15123,7 +15234,7 @@ @article{bib1698 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib1699, +@incollection{bib1711, author = {Chirkova, Katia}, editor = {Sybesma, Rint and Behr, Wolfgang and Handel, Zev and and Huang, C. T. James}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Chinese Linguistics}, @@ -15132,7 +15243,7 @@ @incollection{bib1699 year = {2014} } -@article{bib1700, +@article{bib1712, author = {Cho, Taehong and Taff, Alice and Dirks, Moses and Ladefoged, Peter}, journal = {UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics}, pages = {68-90}, @@ -15141,13 +15252,13 @@ @article{bib1700 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib1701, +@misc{bib1713, author = {Chomba, D.S.}, title = {The verbal morphology of Pimbwe}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib1702, +@incollection{bib1714, author = {周植志, Chou Zhizhi and 顏其香, Yan Qixiang and 陳國慶, Chen Guoching}, booktitle = {A study of Wa (佤語方言研究)}, local_ids = {98036}, @@ -15156,7 +15267,7 @@ @incollection{bib1702 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1703, +@incollection{bib1715, author = {Chowning, Ann}, editor = {Pawley, Andrew K. and Carrington, Lois}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -15168,7 +15279,7 @@ @incollection{bib1703 year = {1985} } -@article{bib1704, +@article{bib1716, author = {Christaller, J. G.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für afrikanische Sprachen}, pages = {133-154}, @@ -15177,13 +15288,13 @@ @article{bib1704 year = {1889/1890} } -@misc{bib1705, +@misc{bib1717, author = {Christensen, Arthur}, title = {Le dialecte de Sämnān}, year = {1915} } -@article{bib1706, +@article{bib1718, author = {Benedictsen, Age Meyer and Christensen, Arthur}, journal = {Historisk-filologiske meddelelser}, title = {Les dialectes d'Awromān et de Pāwä}, @@ -15191,7 +15302,7 @@ @article{bib1706 year = {1921} } -@misc{bib1707, +@misc{bib1719, author = {Christensen, Steve}, local_ids = {99054}, title = {Organised Phonology Data: Yongkom (Yonggom, Yongom) Language [YON]: Kiunga – Western Province}, @@ -15199,14 +15310,14 @@ @misc{bib1707 year = {2002} } -@book{bib1708, +@book{bib1720, author = {Christjohn, Amos and Hinton, Maria}, publisher = {Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction}, title = {An Oneida Dictionary}, year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib1709, +@incollection{bib1721, author = {Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Campbell, Lyle}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {Paris}, @@ -15219,7 +15330,7 @@ @incollection{bib1709 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1710, +@incollection{bib1722, author = {Chung, Sandra}, booktitle = {Chamorro grammar}, chapter = {1 Introduction}, @@ -15233,7 +15344,7 @@ @incollection{bib1710 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib1711, +@incollection{bib1723, author = {Chung, Kyung-Ja and Chung, Chul-Hwa}, editor = {Clifton, John M.}, booktitle = {Two non-Austronesian grammars from the islands Data Papers on Papua New Guinea Languages}, @@ -15244,14 +15355,14 @@ @incollection{bib1711 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1712, +@book{bib1724, author = {Chung, Sandra}, publisher = {The University of Chicago Press}, title = {The Design of Agreement}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib1713, +@article{bib1725, author = {Chung, Sandra}, journal = {Language}, number = {1}, @@ -15261,7 +15372,7 @@ @article{bib1713 year = {1983} } -@article{bib1714, +@article{bib1726, author = {Churchill, W.}, journal = {Carnegie Institution Publication Nr}, title = {Eastern Island: The Rapanui Speech and the Peopling of Southeast Polynesia}, @@ -15269,7 +15380,7 @@ @article{bib1714 year = {1912} } -@book{bib1715, +@book{bib1727, author = {Churchill, William}, publisher = {Washington}, series = {Carnegie institution of Washington publication}, @@ -15278,7 +15389,7 @@ @book{bib1715 year = {1916} } -@incollection{bib1716, +@incollection{bib1728, author = {Cincius, V. I.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -15287,13 +15398,13 @@ @incollection{bib1716 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib1717, +@misc{bib1729, author = {Cincius, V. I. and Rises, L. D.}, title = {Russko-èvenskij slovar'}, year = {1952} } -@incollection{bib1718, +@incollection{bib1730, author = {Cincius, V. I.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -15302,7 +15413,7 @@ @incollection{bib1718 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1719, +@book{bib1731, author = {Clairis, Christos}, address = {Valdivia}, publisher = {Universidad Austral de Chile}, @@ -15312,7 +15423,7 @@ @book{bib1719 year = {1985} } -@book{bib1720, +@book{bib1732, author = {Clairis, Christos}, publisher = {Universidad Austral de Chile}, series = {Estudios Filológicos, Anejo}, @@ -15321,7 +15432,7 @@ @book{bib1720 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib1721, +@incollection{bib1733, author = {Clairis, Christos}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -15330,7 +15441,7 @@ @incollection{bib1721 year = {1985} } -@article{bib1722, +@article{bib1734, author = {Clairis, C.}, journal = {Revista de Estudios del Pacífico}, number = {1}, @@ -15340,13 +15451,13 @@ @article{bib1722 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib1723, +@misc{bib1735, author = {Clairis, C.}, title = {Linguistique fuegiènne: La Qawasqar}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib1724, +@article{bib1736, author = {Clairis, Christos}, journal = {La Linguistique}, pages = {145-152}, @@ -15355,7 +15466,7 @@ @article{bib1724 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1725, +@article{bib1737, author = {Clairis, C.}, journal = {Revista de Estudios del Pacífico}, pages = {7-26}, @@ -15364,14 +15475,14 @@ @article{bib1725 year = {1972} } -@book{bib1726, +@book{bib1738, author = {Clark, Lawrence}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Popoluca de Oluta}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1727, +@incollection{bib1739, author = {Clark, Ross}, editor = {Sutton, Douglas G.}, booktitle = {The origins of the first New Zealanders}, @@ -15380,7 +15491,7 @@ @incollection{bib1727 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib1728, +@incollection{bib1740, author = {Clark, Ross}, editor = {Wurm, S.A. and Mühlhäusler, P. and Tryon, D.T.}, booktitle = {Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia and the Americas}, @@ -15389,7 +15500,7 @@ @incollection{bib1728 year = {1996} } -@article{bib1729, +@article{bib1741, author = {Clark, Lawrence}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {183-198}, @@ -15398,7 +15509,7 @@ @article{bib1729 year = {1962} } -@book{bib1730, +@book{bib1742, author = {Clark, Lawrence E.}, pages = {vii+216}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma}, @@ -15408,7 +15519,7 @@ @book{bib1730 year = {1961} } -@book{bib1731, +@book{bib1743, author = {Clark, E. W.}, address = {Delhi}, publisher = {Gian Publishing House, Shakti Nagar}, @@ -15416,7 +15527,7 @@ @book{bib1731 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1732, +@book{bib1744, author = {Clark, Mary M.}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -15424,13 +15535,13 @@ @book{bib1732 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1733, +@misc{bib1745, author = {Clark, Ross}, title = {The Definite Article and the Authenticity of Moriori}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib1734, +@article{bib1746, author = {Clark, Aaron}, howpublished = {Newspaper}, journal = {The Christian Science Monitor}, @@ -15442,14 +15553,14 @@ @article{bib1734 year = {2008} } -@book{bib1735, +@book{bib1747, author = {Clark, Lorenzo and de Clark, Nancy Davis}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Popoluca de Sayula}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib1736, +@book{bib1748, author = {Clark, Lawrence Lorenzo E. and Clark, Nancy Davis}, pages = {165}, publisher = {Vocabularios Indigenas. Mariano Silva y Aceves}, @@ -15457,7 +15568,7 @@ @book{bib1736 year = {1960} } -@book{bib1737, +@book{bib1749, author = {Clarke, John}, pages = {v, 104}, publisher = {Daniel Cameron}, @@ -15465,7 +15576,7 @@ @book{bib1737 year = {1848} } -@misc{bib1738, +@misc{bib1750, author = {Cleary-Kemp, Jessica}, local_ids = {24622}, title = {"Documentation and description of Papitalai, an Oceanic language of Papua New Guinea" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -15473,20 +15584,20 @@ @misc{bib1738 year = {2010} } -@book{bib1739, +@book{bib1751, author = {Clendon, Mark}, publisher = {University of Adelaide Press}, title = {Worrorra: A language of the north-west Kimberley coast}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1740, +@misc{bib1752, author = {Cleverly, John R.}, title = {A Preliminary Study of the Phonology and Grammar of Djamindjung}, year = {1968} } -@article{bib1741, +@article{bib1753, author = {Clifford, Hugh}, journal = {Journal of the Straits Branch, Royal Asiatic Society}, pages = {13-29}, @@ -15495,7 +15606,7 @@ @article{bib1741 year = {1891} } -@incollection{bib1742, +@incollection{bib1754, author = {Clifton, J. M.}, editor = {Bickfield, Albert J.}, address = {Grand Forks, North Dakota}, @@ -15507,7 +15618,7 @@ @incollection{bib1742 year = {1995} } -@article{bib1743, +@article{bib1755, author = {Clifton, John M.}, editor = {Fishman, Joshua A. and Otheguy, Ofelia Garcia}, address = {Walter de Gruyter, Inc., 125 Pearl Street, Third Floor, Boston, MA 02110}, @@ -15526,7 +15637,7 @@ @article{bib1743 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib1744, +@incollection{bib1756, author = {Clifton, John M.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -15538,7 +15649,7 @@ @incollection{bib1744 year = {1997} } -@book{bib1745, +@book{bib1757, author = {Cloarec-Heiss, France and Thomas, Jacqueline Mauricette Christiane}, pages = {204}, publisher = {Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, @@ -15547,7 +15658,7 @@ @book{bib1745 year = {1978} } -@article{bib1746, +@article{bib1758, author = {Clouse, Heljä and Clouse, Duane}, journal = {Language and Linguistics in Melanesia}, pages = {1-18}, @@ -15556,7 +15667,7 @@ @article{bib1746 year = {1993} } -@book{bib1747, +@book{bib1759, author = {Clouse, Duane; Mark Donohue; and Ma, Felix}, local_ids = {98688}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -15564,7 +15675,7 @@ @book{bib1747 year = {2002} } -@book{bib1748, +@book{bib1760, author = {Clozel, François-Joseph}, pages = {48}, publisher = {Libr. Africaine & Coloniale (Joseph André)}, @@ -15572,7 +15683,7 @@ @book{bib1748 year = {1896} } -@book{bib1749, +@book{bib1761, author = {Clozel, F.-J.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Joseph André, Librairie Africaine & Coloniale}, @@ -15581,7 +15692,7 @@ @book{bib1749 year = {1896} } -@incollection{bib1750, +@incollection{bib1762, author = {Clynes, Adrian}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -15595,7 +15706,7 @@ @incollection{bib1750 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1751, +@book{bib1763, author = {Language, Muurrbay Aboriginal and Co-op, Culture}, local_ids = {98812}, publisher = {Nambucca Heads}, @@ -15603,7 +15714,7 @@ @book{bib1751 url = {http://www.muurrbay.org.au/languages/yaygirr/} } -@book{bib1752, +@book{bib1764, author = {Coate, Howard H. J. and Elkin, A. P.}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, series = {Oceania Linguistic Monograph}, @@ -15612,14 +15723,14 @@ @book{bib1752 year = {1974} } -@book{bib1753, +@book{bib1765, author = {Cobbey, Maxwell and Cobbey, Vurnell}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Northern Roglai Vocabulary}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib1754, +@article{bib1766, author = {Cobbinah, Alexander}, journal = {Journal of Language Contact}, local_ids = {91883}, @@ -15630,19 +15741,19 @@ @article{bib1754 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1755, +@misc{bib1767, author = {Coelho, Gail M.}, title = {A grammar of Betta Kurumba}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1756, +@misc{bib1768, author = {Coelho, Francisco de Lemos}, title = {Description of the coast of Guinea (1684)}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib1757, +@misc{bib1769, author = {Coelho, Gail}, local_ids = {24659}, title = {"Documentation of Betta Kurumba" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -15650,7 +15761,7 @@ @misc{bib1757 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1758, +@book{bib1770, author = {Coelho, Francisco de Lemos}, pages = {xxxi, 283}, publisher = {Academia Portuguesa da História}, @@ -15658,19 +15769,19 @@ @book{bib1758 year = {1953} } -@misc{bib1759, +@misc{bib1771, author = {Coelho, Francisco de Lemos}, title = {Unpublished travel journals [Title and details wanting]}, year = {1680s} } -@misc{bib1760, +@misc{bib1772, author = {Coerts, Jane}, title = {Nonmanual grammatical markers. An analysis of interrogatives, negations and topicalisations in Sign Language of the Netherlands}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib1761, +@book{bib1773, author = {Coeur, Charles le}, pages = {211}, publisher = {Emile Larose}, @@ -15679,7 +15790,7 @@ @book{bib1761 year = {1950} } -@incollection{bib1762, +@incollection{bib1774, author = {Cohen, M.}, address = {Paris}, booktitle = {Études d'Éthiopien Méridional Collection d'Ouvrages Orientaux}, @@ -15688,7 +15799,7 @@ @incollection{bib1762 year = {1931} } -@incollection{bib1763, +@incollection{bib1775, author = {Cohen, M.}, address = {Paris}, booktitle = {Nouvelles Études d'Éthiopien Méridional Bibliothèque de l'École des hautes études: Sciences historiques et philologiques}, @@ -15699,46 +15810,46 @@ @incollection{bib1763 year = {1939} } -@book{bib1764, +@book{bib1776, author = {Cojocaru, Dana}, publisher = {SEELRC}, title = {Romanian Grammar}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1765, +@misc{bib1777, author = {Coleman, Carolyn}, title = {A Grammar of Gunbalang with Special Reference to Grammatical Relations}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib1766, +@book{bib1778, author = {Coler, Matt}, publisher = {Brill}, title = {A Grammar of Muylaq' Aymara: Aymara as spoken in Southern Peru}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib1767, +@book{bib1779, author = {Collard, Howard and Collard, Elisabeth Scott}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Castellano-Mayo, Mayo-Castellano}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib1768, +@misc{bib1780, author = {Collins, W. M.}, title = {Centeredness as a Cultural and Grammatical Theme in Maya-Mam}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1769, +@misc{bib1781, author = {Collord, T. L.}, title = {Yokuts Grammar: Chukchansi}, year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib1770, +@incollection{bib1782, author = {Williams, Robert and Jakobi, Angelika and Comfort, Jade}, editor = {Austin, Peter and Bond, Oliver and Charette, Monik and Nathan, David and Sells, Peter}, address = {London}, @@ -15750,14 +15861,14 @@ @incollection{bib1770 year = {2009} } -@book{bib1771, +@book{bib1783, author = {Commission, Yunnan Minority Languages and SIL}, publisher = {The Nationalities Publishing House of Yunnan 雲南民族出版社}, title = {雲南特殊語言研究 [Studies on selected languages of Yunnan]}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1772, +@misc{bib1784, author = {Committee, Muwekma Ohlone Tribe Language}, local_ids = {98468}, title = {Muwekma Language Revitalization}, @@ -15765,7 +15876,7 @@ @misc{bib1772 year = {2011} } -@article{bib1773, +@article{bib1785, author = {Comodo, Cristina Helena Rohwedder}, journal = {Estudos Linguisticos: Revista Brasileira de Linguistica Teorica e Aplicada}, pages = {265-272}, @@ -15774,7 +15885,7 @@ @article{bib1773 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1774, +@book{bib1786, author = {Compiegne, Victor Dupont}, pages = {360}, publisher = {E. Plon}, @@ -15782,7 +15893,7 @@ @book{bib1774 year = {1875} } -@article{bib1775, +@article{bib1787, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {1-42}, @@ -15791,7 +15902,7 @@ @article{bib1775 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1776, +@incollection{bib1788, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, editor = {Hopper, Paul J. and Thompson, Sandra A.}, booktitle = {Studies in transitivity, syntax and semantics 15}, @@ -15800,7 +15911,7 @@ @incollection{bib1776 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib1777, +@incollection{bib1789, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, editor = {Pawley, A.; M. Ross; and Tryon, D.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -15812,7 +15923,7 @@ @incollection{bib1777 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1778, +@incollection{bib1790, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, editor = {Jahr, Ernst Håkon and Broch, Ingvild}, booktitle = {Language contact in the Arctic: northern pidgins and contact languages : [symposium held at the University of Tromsø, 4-6 June 1992: "The ninth International Tromsø Symposium on Language: Arctic Pidgins"] Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs}, @@ -15823,14 +15934,14 @@ @incollection{bib1778 year = {1996} } -@book{bib1779, +@book{bib1791, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Languages of the Soviet Union}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib1780, +@incollection{bib1792, author = {Comrie, Bernard and Polinsky, Maria}, editor = {van den Berg, Helma}, booktitle = {Studies in Caucasian Linguistics: Selected Papers of the Eighth Caucasian Colloquium}, @@ -15839,7 +15950,7 @@ @incollection{bib1780 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1781, +@incollection{bib1793, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, booktitle = {The Languages of the Soviet Union}, local_ids = {99472}, @@ -15849,7 +15960,7 @@ @incollection{bib1781 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1782, +@incollection{bib1794, author = {Comrie, Bernard}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.}, booktitle = {Changing valency}, @@ -15858,7 +15969,7 @@ @incollection{bib1782 year = {2000} } -@article{bib1783, +@article{bib1795, author = {Conant, Carlos E.}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, pages = {289-292}, @@ -15867,7 +15978,7 @@ @article{bib1783 year = {1915} } -@misc{bib1784, +@misc{bib1796, author = {Connell, Bruce}, institution = {Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology University of Oxford}, local_ids = {98387}, @@ -15876,7 +15987,7 @@ @misc{bib1784 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib1785, +@incollection{bib1797, author = {Connell, Bruce A.}, editor = {Mutaka, Ngessimo M. and Chumbow, Beban Sammy}, address = {Köln}, @@ -15890,7 +16001,7 @@ @incollection{bib1785 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1786, +@incollection{bib1798, author = {Connell, Bruce}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -15903,7 +16014,7 @@ @incollection{bib1786 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1787, +@article{bib1799, author = {Connell, B. and Ahoua, F. and Gibbon, D.}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, number = {1}, @@ -15913,7 +16024,7 @@ @article{bib1787 year = {2002} } -@article{bib1788, +@article{bib1800, author = {Connell, Bruce}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, local_ids = {98384}, @@ -15924,7 +16035,7 @@ @article{bib1788 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1789, +@misc{bib1801, author = {Connell, Bruce}, local_ids = {98389}, title = {Mambiloid Inside and Out: Mambiloid Integrity revisited and the situation of Somyev within Mambiloid. Paper presented at the symposium Genealogical language classification in Africa beyond Greenberg}, @@ -15932,7 +16043,7 @@ @misc{bib1789 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1790, +@incollection{bib1802, author = {Connell, Bruce}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Köln}, @@ -15945,7 +16056,7 @@ @incollection{bib1790 year = {1998} } -@article{bib1791, +@article{bib1803, author = {Connell, Bruce}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, local_ids = {98372}, @@ -15956,7 +16067,7 @@ @article{bib1791 year = {1994} } -@book{bib1792, +@book{bib1804, author = {Conrad, Robert J. and Wogiga, Kepas}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -15965,7 +16076,7 @@ @book{bib1792 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib1793, +@misc{bib1805, author = {Conrad, Bob and Simatab, Aluis}, local_ids = {98953}, title = {Arapesh and Bukiyip (Mountain Arapesh) Comparative Grammar Notes}, @@ -15973,7 +16084,7 @@ @misc{bib1793 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib1794, +@incollection{bib1806, author = {Conrad, Robert J. and Lewis, Ronald K.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 26}, @@ -15987,7 +16098,7 @@ @incollection{bib1794 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib1795, +@incollection{bib1807, author = {Conrad, Robert J. and Dye, T. Wayne}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 18 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -15998,7 +16109,7 @@ @incollection{bib1795 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib1796, +@misc{bib1808, author = {Consortium, Lakota Language}, institution = {Lakota Language Consortium}, local_ids = {99311}, @@ -16008,27 +16119,27 @@ @misc{bib1796 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib1797, +@misc{bib1809, author = {Constantino, Ernesto}, title = {Isinay texts and translations}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib1798, +@book{bib1810, author = {Constenla Umaña, Adolfo and Peña, Enrique Margery and Stuart, Rito Morales and Marin, Abelino Torres}, publisher = {Universidad de Costa Rica, Escuela de Filologia, Seccion de Lingüıstica}, title = {Bribri I.}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib1799, +@book{bib1811, author = {Constenla Umaña, A. and Peña, E. Margery}, publisher = {Editorial Universitaria de Costa Rica}, title = {Bribri II}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1800, +@incollection{bib1812, author = {Constenla Umaña, Adolfo}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -16040,14 +16151,14 @@ @incollection{bib1800 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1801, +@book{bib1813, author = {Constenla Umaña, Adolfo and Figueroa, Feliciano Elizondo and Mora, Fransisco Pereira}, publisher = {Universidad de Costa Rica}, title = {Curso Básico de Bribri}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib1802, +@book{bib1814, author = {Constenla Umaña, Adolfo}, pages = {216}, publisher = {Universidad de Costa Rica}, @@ -16055,7 +16166,7 @@ @book{bib1802 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib1803, +@incollection{bib1815, author = {Conti Rossini, Carlo}, editor = {Boas, Franz and Dempwolff, Otto and Panconcelli-Calzia, Giulio and Werner, Alice and Westermann, Diedrich}, booktitle = {Festschrift Meinhof}, @@ -16064,7 +16175,7 @@ @incollection{bib1803 year = {1927} } -@book{bib1804, +@book{bib1816, author = {Conzemius, Eduard}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington:}, series = {Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, @@ -16073,14 +16184,14 @@ @book{bib1804 year = {1932} } -@book{bib1805, +@book{bib1817, author = {Conzemius, E.}, publisher = {Paul Geuthner}, title = {Los Indios Paya de Honduras. Estudio geográfico, histórico, etnográfico, y lingüıstico}, year = {1928} } -@article{bib1806, +@article{bib1818, author = {Conzemius, E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {5}, @@ -16090,7 +16201,7 @@ @article{bib1806 year = {1929} } -@article{bib1807, +@article{bib1819, author = {Conzemius, Ernst}, journal = {L'anthropologie}, pages = {93-108}, @@ -16099,13 +16210,13 @@ @article{bib1807 year = {1930} } -@misc{bib1808, +@misc{bib1820, author = {Cook, William H.}, title = {A Grammar of North Carolina Cherokee}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib1809, +@book{bib1821, author = {Cook, Eung-Do}, address = {Vancouver}, publisher = {University of British Columbia Press}, @@ -16113,7 +16224,7 @@ @book{bib1809 year = {1984} } -@book{bib1810, +@book{bib1822, author = {Cook, Dorothy M. and Gralow, Frances L.}, pages = {203}, publisher = {Editorial Alberto Lleras Camargo}, @@ -16121,7 +16232,7 @@ @book{bib1810 year = {2001} } -@book{bib1811, +@book{bib1823, author = {Cook, Dorothy M. and Criswell, Linda L.}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, pages = {111}, @@ -16130,7 +16241,7 @@ @book{bib1811 year = {1993} } -@article{bib1812, +@article{bib1824, author = {Cook, C. D.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {5-38}, @@ -16139,20 +16250,20 @@ @article{bib1812 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib1813, +@misc{bib1825, author = {Cook, Carolyn Diane Turinsky}, pages = {509}, title = {The Amung Way: the Subsistence Strategies, the Knowledge and the Dilemma of the Tsinga Valley People in Irian Jaya, Indonesia}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib1814, +@misc{bib1826, author = {Cook, A.}, title = {Wagiman matyin: a description of the wagiman language of the Northern Territory}, year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib1815, +@incollection{bib1827, author = {Coomar, P. C.}, editor = {Pandit, T. N. and Sarkar, B. N.}, booktitle = {Andaman and Nicobar Islands People of India}, @@ -16163,7 +16274,7 @@ @incollection{bib1815 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib1816, +@incollection{bib1828, author = {Cooper, Gregory}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -16178,7 +16289,7 @@ @incollection{bib1816 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1817, +@incollection{bib1829, author = {Cooper, Katrin}, editor = {Yadava, Yogendra P. and Glover, Warren W.}, booktitle = {Topics in Nepalese Linguistics}, @@ -16187,7 +16298,7 @@ @incollection{bib1817 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1818, +@book{bib1830, author = {Trail, R. L. and Cooper, G. R.}, publisher = {National Institute of Pakistani Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University}, series = {Studies in Languages of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -16196,7 +16307,7 @@ @book{bib1818 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1819, +@article{bib1831, author = {Cooper, B.}, journal = {Tanganyika Notes and Records}, pages = {8-15}, @@ -16205,7 +16316,7 @@ @article{bib1819 year = {1949} } -@book{bib1820, +@book{bib1832, author = {Cooperative, Muurrbay Aboriginal Language And Culture}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Aboriginal Studies Press}, @@ -16213,7 +16324,7 @@ @book{bib1820 year = {2001} } -@book{bib1821, +@book{bib1833, author = {Cooperative, Wathaurong Aboriginal}, address = {North Geelong}, local_ids = {98815}, @@ -16222,7 +16333,7 @@ @book{bib1821 url = {http://www.vaclang.org.au/languages/wathaurong-language-program-geelong.html} } -@incollection{bib1822, +@incollection{bib1834, author = {Cooreman, Ann}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {Passive and Voice}, @@ -16231,7 +16342,7 @@ @incollection{bib1822 year = {1988} } -@article{bib1823, +@article{bib1835, author = {Cooreman, Anne}, journal = {Studies in Language}, pages = {343-374}, @@ -16240,7 +16351,7 @@ @article{bib1823 year = {1982} } -@article{bib1824, +@article{bib1836, author = {Copland, B.D.}, journal = {Le maître phonétique}, pages = {60-64}, @@ -16249,7 +16360,7 @@ @article{bib1824 year = {1938} } -@incollection{bib1825, +@incollection{bib1837, author = {Coppens, W.}, editor = {Coppens, W.}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -16261,7 +16372,7 @@ @incollection{bib1825 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib1826, +@incollection{bib1838, author = {Coppens, Walter}, editor = {Coppens, Walter}, booktitle = {Los Aborigenes de Venezuela, Vol II Monografía / Fundación la Salle}, @@ -16272,7 +16383,7 @@ @incollection{bib1826 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib1827, +@incollection{bib1839, author = {Coppens, W.}, editor = {Coppens, W.}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -16284,7 +16395,7 @@ @incollection{bib1827 year = {1983} } -@article{bib1828, +@article{bib1840, author = {P., Virginia Guarisma and Coppens, Walter}, journal = {Antropológica}, pages = {3-27}, @@ -16293,7 +16404,7 @@ @article{bib1828 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib1829, +@incollection{bib1841, author = {Corbera Mori, Angel}, editor = {Cabral, Ana Suely Arruda Câmara and de Oliveira, Sanderson Castro Soares}, booktitle = {Anais do IV Congresso Internacional da ABRALIN}, @@ -16302,14 +16413,14 @@ @incollection{bib1829 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1830, +@misc{bib1842, author = {Corbera Mori, Angel Humberto}, pages = {385}, title = {Fonologia e gramática do Aguaruna (Jívaro)}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib1831, +@article{bib1843, author = {Corbett, Greville G. and Mithun, Marianne}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {1-17}, @@ -16318,7 +16429,7 @@ @article{bib1831 year = {1996} } -@article{bib1832, +@article{bib1844, author = {Corbett, Greville G. and Hayward, Richard J.}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {195-222}, @@ -16327,7 +16438,7 @@ @article{bib1832 year = {1987} } -@article{bib1833, +@article{bib1845, author = {Corfield, F. D.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {123-165}, @@ -16336,7 +16447,7 @@ @article{bib1833 year = {1938} } -@article{bib1834, +@article{bib1846, author = {Corne, C.}, journal = {Te Reo}, pages = {81-103}, @@ -16345,13 +16456,13 @@ @article{bib1834 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib1835, +@misc{bib1847, author = {Cornelius, Samantha}, local_ids = {99485}, title = {Personal Communication on Cherokee} } -@book{bib1836, +@book{bib1848, author = {Cornevin, Robert}, pages = {156}, publisher = {Impr. Berger-Levrault}, @@ -16360,7 +16471,7 @@ @book{bib1836 year = {1962} } -@article{bib1837, +@article{bib1849, author = {Cornevin, Robert}, journal = {Southwestern journal of anthropology}, pages = {160-163}, @@ -16369,7 +16480,7 @@ @article{bib1837 year = {1954} } -@article{bib1838, +@article{bib1850, author = {Cornevin, Robert}, journal = {Bull. de l’IFAN (Inst. Français de l’Afrique Noire), série B: sciences humaines}, pages = {694-708}, @@ -16378,13 +16489,13 @@ @article{bib1838 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib1839, +@misc{bib1851, author = {Corris, Miriam}, title = {A grammar of Barupu: a language of Papua New Guinea}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib1840, +@misc{bib1852, author = {Corris, Miriam}, local_ids = {24698}, title = {"Barupu grammar and lexicography" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -16392,13 +16503,13 @@ @misc{bib1840 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1841, +@misc{bib1853, author = {Cory, Hans [Koritschoner]}, title = {Native plant names [Latin, Kisukuma, Kinyamwezi, Kinyaramba, Kinyaturu, Kirangi, Kitaturu, Kimassai, Kisandawe, Kigogo]}, year = {19xx} } -@article{bib1842, +@article{bib1854, author = {Coryn, Alfredo}, journal = {Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina}, pages = {221-282}, @@ -16407,7 +16518,7 @@ @article{bib1842 year = {1922} } -@book{bib1843, +@book{bib1855, author = {y Cos, F. Salvadó}, address = {Madrid}, publisher = {A. Pérez Dubrull}, @@ -16415,7 +16526,7 @@ @book{bib1843 year = {1891} } -@book{bib1844, +@book{bib1856, author = {Cos, Francisco Salvadó y}, pages = {151}, publisher = {Impr. de A. Pérez Dubrill}, @@ -16423,7 +16534,7 @@ @book{bib1844 year = {1891} } -@book{bib1845, +@book{bib1857, author = {Cosper, Ronald}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -16433,7 +16544,7 @@ @book{bib1845 year = {1999} } -@book{bib1846, +@book{bib1858, author = {Costa, David J.}, address = {Lincoln}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, @@ -16442,7 +16553,7 @@ @book{bib1846 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1847, +@misc{bib1859, author = {Costaouec, Denis}, local_ids = {24846}, title = {"Textual and Lexical Documentation of Ixcatec, a highly endangered Otomanguean language of Oaxaca, Mexico" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -16450,13 +16561,13 @@ @misc{bib1847 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1848, +@misc{bib1860, author = {Costenoble, Helen}, title = {Die Chamoro Sprache}, year = {1940} } -@article{bib1849, +@article{bib1861, author = {Cotheal, Alexander I.}, journal = {Transactions of the American Ethnological Society}, pages = {235-264}, @@ -16465,7 +16576,7 @@ @article{bib1849 year = {1848} } -@incollection{bib1850, +@incollection{bib1862, author = {Coudreau, Henry}, booktitle = {Voyage au Tocantins A. Lahure}, pages = {271-290}, @@ -16473,13 +16584,13 @@ @incollection{bib1850 year = {1897} } -@misc{bib1851, +@misc{bib1863, author = {Counts, David R.}, title = {A Grammar of Kaliai-Kove}, year = {1968} } -@book{bib1852, +@book{bib1864, author = {Coupez, André}, address = {Annales du MRCB (Musée Royal du Congo Belge), série in-8°, sciences de l’homme}, pages = {161}, @@ -16488,21 +16599,21 @@ @book{bib1852 year = {1955} } -@book{bib1853, +@book{bib1865, author = {Couro, Ted and Hutcheson, Christina}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {Dictionary of Mesa Grande Diegueño}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib1854, +@book{bib1866, author = {Couro, Ted and Langdon, Margaret}, publisher = {Ballena Press}, title = {Let's Talk 'Iipay Aa: An Introduction to the Mesa Grande Diegueño Language}, year = {1975} } -@phdthesis{bib1855, +@phdthesis{bib1867, author = {Cover, Rebecca Tamar}, local_ids = {88719}, school = {University of California, Berkeley}, @@ -16511,7 +16622,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib1855 year = {2010} } -@article{bib1856, +@article{bib1868, author = {Cowan, H.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, number = {4}, @@ -16521,7 +16632,7 @@ @article{bib1856 year = {1963} } -@article{bib1857, +@article{bib1869, author = {Cowan, H.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de taal-, land-en volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia}, number = {3}, @@ -16531,7 +16642,7 @@ @article{bib1857 year = {1960} } -@article{bib1858, +@article{bib1870, author = {Cowan, H. K. J.}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {360-370}, @@ -16540,7 +16651,7 @@ @article{bib1858 year = {1965} } -@book{bib1859, +@book{bib1871, author = {Cowell, Andrew and Moss and Sr. and Alonzo}, address = {Boulder}, pages = {xvii+519}, @@ -16549,7 +16660,7 @@ @book{bib1859 year = {2008} } -@article{bib1860, +@article{bib1872, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, journal = {Etudes togolaises}, pages = {21-30}, @@ -16558,7 +16669,7 @@ @article{bib1860 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib1861, +@incollection{bib1873, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, editor = {Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther}, booktitle = {West African language data sheets}, @@ -16567,7 +16678,7 @@ @incollection{bib1861 year = {1977} } -@article{bib1862, +@article{bib1874, author = {Cox, Doris}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {129-140}, @@ -16576,20 +16687,20 @@ @article{bib1862 year = {1957} } -@misc{bib1863, +@misc{bib1875, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, title = {Description grammaticale du ncam (bassar), langue gurma du Togo et du Ghana}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib1864, +@misc{bib1876, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, pages = {245}, title = {Esquisse de la grammaire du ntcham}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib1865, +@book{bib1877, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, pages = {ii, 41}, publisher = {Inst. National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS)}, @@ -16597,13 +16708,13 @@ @book{bib1865 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib1866, +@misc{bib1878, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, title = {Le système des classes nominales en n’tcham}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib1867, +@article{bib1879, author = {Cox, Monica Esther}, journal = {Etudes togolaises}, pages = {15-21}, @@ -16612,7 +16723,7 @@ @article{bib1867 year = {1975} } -@book{bib1868, +@book{bib1880, author = {Cox, Monica Esther and Abbott, Mary}, pages = {17}, publisher = {Inst. of Linguistics; Summer Inst. of Linguistics (SIL)}, @@ -16620,19 +16731,19 @@ @book{bib1868 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib1869, +@misc{bib1881, author = {Craene, Ina de and Weebí, Mejesíríbí}, title = {10 leçons de tem}, year = {1980} } -@misc{bib1870, +@misc{bib1882, author = {Craene, Robert de and Craene, Ina de}, title = {Le ton en tem: exercises et explications}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib1871, +@article{bib1883, author = {Craene, Robert de}, journal = {Studies in African linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -16642,19 +16753,19 @@ @article{bib1871 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib1872, +@misc{bib1884, author = {Craene, Robert de}, title = {L’orthographe en tem}, year = {1984} } -@misc{bib1873, +@misc{bib1885, author = {Craene, Ina de and Maliouro, Sakibou and Moustafa, Arouna}, title = {’Na konkárí = Simple phrases in Tem}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib1874, +@article{bib1886, author = {Craene, Ina de}, journal = {SIL notes on anthropology}, pages = {15-17}, @@ -16663,13 +16774,13 @@ @article{bib1874 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib1875, +@misc{bib1887, author = {Craene, Robert de and Tchagbra, L. Soli N’gobou}, title = {Tem ngmáádi / L’écriture de la langue tem}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib1876, +@article{bib1888, author = {Craene, Ina de}, journal = {SIL notes on anthropology and intercultural community work}, pages = {16-32}, @@ -16678,7 +16789,7 @@ @article{bib1876 year = {1987} } -@article{bib1877, +@article{bib1889, author = {Craig, Alan K.}, journal = {América Indígena}, number = {2}, @@ -16688,7 +16799,7 @@ @article{bib1877 year = {1973} } -@article{bib1878, +@article{bib1890, author = {Craig, Colette G. and Hale, Ken}, journal = {Language}, pages = {312-343}, @@ -16697,7 +16808,7 @@ @article{bib1878 year = {1988} } -@article{bib1879, +@article{bib1891, author = {Crampel, Paul}, journal = {Comptes rendus de la Soc. de Géographie de Paris}, pages = {548-554}, @@ -16706,7 +16817,7 @@ @article{bib1879 year = {1890} } -@article{bib1880, +@article{bib1892, author = {Crampel, Paul}, journal = {Compte Rendu des Seances de la Société de Géographie}, pages = {548-554}, @@ -16715,7 +16826,7 @@ @article{bib1880 year = {1890} } -@article{bib1881, +@article{bib1893, author = {Crandall, David Peter}, journal = {Anthropos}, number = {1}, @@ -16725,19 +16836,19 @@ @article{bib1881 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1882, +@misc{bib1894, author = {Crandall, David Peter}, title = {The construction of personhood in dual descent systems: some African cases}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib1883, +@misc{bib1895, author = {Crandall, David Peter}, title = {The OvaHimba of Namibia: a study of dual descent and values}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib1884, +@book{bib1896, author = {Crandall, David Peter}, pages = {viii, 269}, publisher = {Continuum International Publ. Group}, @@ -16745,7 +16856,7 @@ @book{bib1884 year = {2000} } -@book{bib1885, +@book{bib1897, author = {Crapo, Richley H.}, publisher = {Desert Research Institute}, series = {Desert Research Institute Publications in the Social Sciences}, @@ -16754,7 +16865,7 @@ @book{bib1885 year = {1976} } -@book{bib1886, +@book{bib1898, author = {Munro, Pamela and Brown, Nellie and Crawford, Judith G.}, address = {Los Angeles}, pages = {326}, @@ -16765,14 +16876,14 @@ @book{bib1886 year = {1992} } -@book{bib1887, +@book{bib1899, author = {Crawford, James M.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Cocopa Dictionary}, year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib1888, +@incollection{bib1900, author = {Crawford, Judith G.}, editor = {Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {Hokan Studies}, @@ -16781,13 +16892,13 @@ @incollection{bib1888 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib1889, +@misc{bib1901, author = {Crawford Jr, James Mack}, title = {The Cocopa Language}, year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib1890, +@incollection{bib1902, author = {Crawford, James M.}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne}, booktitle = {The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment}, @@ -16796,14 +16907,14 @@ @incollection{bib1890 year = {1979} } -@book{bib1891, +@book{bib1903, author = {Crawford, J. C.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of Oklahoma}, title = {Totontepec Mixe Phonotagmemics}, year = {1963} } -@article{bib1892, +@article{bib1904, author = {Crawford, James M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -16813,7 +16924,7 @@ @article{bib1892 year = {1973} } -@book{bib1893, +@book{bib1905, author = {Crawfurd, J.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Smith, Elder & Co}, @@ -16821,7 +16932,7 @@ @book{bib1893 year = {1852} } -@incollection{bib1894, +@incollection{bib1906, author = {Crawhall, Nigel}, editor = {Crawhall, Nigel and Ostler, Nicholas}, address = {Bath}, @@ -16833,7 +16944,7 @@ @incollection{bib1894 year = {2005} } -@book{bib1895, +@book{bib1907, author = {Crazzolara, Pasquale}, address = {Bologna}, publisher = {Editrice Missionaria Italiana}, @@ -16841,14 +16952,14 @@ @book{bib1895 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib1896, +@misc{bib1908, author = {Crazzolara, Joseph Pasquale}, pages = {32}, title = {General sketch grammar and vocabulary of the language of the Ik (alias Teuso): Kang’ole}, year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib1897, +@incollection{bib1909, author = {Bassene, Alain Christian and Creissels, Denis}, editor = {Malchukov, Andrej and Siewierska, Anna}, booktitle = {Impersonal Constructions: A cross-linguistic perspective}, @@ -16859,7 +16970,7 @@ @incollection{bib1897 year = {2011} } -@article{bib1898, +@article{bib1910, author = {Creissels, Denis}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Mandenkan: bull. semestriel d’études linguistiques mandé}, @@ -16870,7 +16981,7 @@ @article{bib1898 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib1899, +@incollection{bib1911, author = {Crevels, Mily}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -16883,7 +16994,7 @@ @incollection{bib1899 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib1900, +@incollection{bib1912, author = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -16896,7 +17007,7 @@ @incollection{bib1900 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1901, +@book{bib1913, author = {Crevels, Mily}, publisher = {Departamento de Filología Española, Lingüística General y Teoría de Literatura, Universidad de Alicante}, series = {Estudios de Lingüística}, @@ -16905,7 +17016,7 @@ @book{bib1901 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib1902, +@incollection{bib1914, author = {Crevels, Mily}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Veronica}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -16917,7 +17028,7 @@ @incollection{bib1902 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib1903, +@incollection{bib1915, author = {Crevels, Mily}, editor = {Moseley, C.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -16930,7 +17041,7 @@ @incollection{bib1903 year = {2007} } -@article{bib1904, +@article{bib1916, author = {Croese, Robert}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {283-296}, @@ -16939,7 +17050,7 @@ @article{bib1904 year = {1991} } -@book{bib1905, +@book{bib1917, author = {Crofts, Marjorie}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, @@ -16947,7 +17058,7 @@ @book{bib1905 year = {2004} } -@book{bib1906, +@book{bib1918, author = {Crofts, Marjorie}, series = {Série Lingüıstica}, title = {Gramática mundurukú}, @@ -16955,7 +17066,7 @@ @book{bib1906 year = {1973} } -@book{bib1907, +@book{bib1919, author = {Crofts, Marjorie}, series = {Série Lingüística}, title = {Gramática mundurukú}, @@ -16963,19 +17074,19 @@ @book{bib1907 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib1908, +@misc{bib1920, author = {Cromack, R. E.}, title = {Language Systems and Discourse Structure in Cashinawa}, year = {1968} } -@misc{bib1909, +@misc{bib1921, author = {Cronk, Lee}, title = {The Behavioral Ecology of Change Among the Mukogodo of Kenya}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib1910, +@book{bib1922, author = {Crouch, Marjorie and Herbert, Patricia}, address = {Legon}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -16985,13 +17096,13 @@ @book{bib1910 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib1911, +@misc{bib1923, author = {Crowell, Thomas Harris}, title = {A Grammar of Bororo}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib1912, +@book{bib1924, author = {Crowell, J. I.}, address = {Brasília}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -16999,7 +17110,7 @@ @book{bib1912 year = {1983} } -@book{bib1913, +@book{bib1925, author = {Lynch, John and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17011,7 +17122,7 @@ @book{bib1913 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib1914, +@incollection{bib1926, author = {Crowley, Terry}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -17022,7 +17133,7 @@ @incollection{bib1914 year = {2002} } -@book{bib1915, +@book{bib1927, author = {Crowley, Terry}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17034,7 +17145,7 @@ @book{bib1915 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib1916, +@incollection{bib1928, author = {Crowley, Terry}, editor = {Lynch, John et al.}, booktitle = {The Oceanic Languages}, @@ -17043,7 +17154,7 @@ @incollection{bib1916 year = {2002} } -@book{bib1917, +@book{bib1929, author = {Crowley, Terry}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17055,7 +17166,7 @@ @book{bib1917 year = {2006} } -@book{bib1918, +@book{bib1930, author = {Crowley, Terry}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17067,7 +17178,7 @@ @book{bib1918 year = {2006} } -@article{bib1919, +@article{bib1931, author = {Crowley, Terry}, journal = {Australian Aboriginal Studies, Research and Regional Studies No}, title = {The Middle Clarence Dialects of Bandjalang}, @@ -17075,7 +17186,7 @@ @article{bib1919 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib1920, +@incollection{bib1932, author = {Crowley, Terry}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 2}, @@ -17084,7 +17195,7 @@ @incollection{bib1920 year = {1981} } -@book{bib1921, +@book{bib1933, author = {Crowley, Terry}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -17094,7 +17205,7 @@ @book{bib1921 year = {1998} } -@book{bib1922, +@book{bib1934, author = {Crowley, Terry}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17108,7 +17219,7 @@ @book{bib1922 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib1923, +@incollection{bib1935, author = {Crowley, Terry}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -17117,7 +17228,7 @@ @incollection{bib1923 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib1924, +@incollection{bib1936, author = {Crowley, Terry}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -17128,32 +17239,32 @@ @incollection{bib1924 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib1925, +@misc{bib1937, author = {Crowther, Melissa}, title = {All the One language(s): comparing linguistic and ethnographic definitions of language in New Guinea}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib1926, +@book{bib1938, author = {Crozier, David Henry and Blench, Roger M.}, publisher = {Language Development Centre, Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC); Dept. of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, Univ. of Ilorin; Summer Inst. of Linguistics (SIL)}, title = {An index of Nigerian languages}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib1927, +@misc{bib1939, author = {Crunden, Sheila M.}, title = {An initial study of prominence in Bassar discourse}, year = {1984} } -@misc{bib1928, +@misc{bib1940, author = {Crunden, Sheila M.}, title = {L’orthographe et la lecture n’tcham (bassar): cours destiné aux bassar lettrés en français}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib1929, +@book{bib1941, author = {Crunden, Sheila M.}, pages = {102-116}, publisher = {Etudes togolaises. (?)}, @@ -17161,7 +17272,7 @@ @book{bib1929 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib1930, +@incollection{bib1942, author = {Duarte, Ana Lidia Munguía and Cruz, Gerardo López}, editor = {Félix, Andrés Acosta and Fernández, Zarina Estrada}, booktitle = {Lexicografía y escritura en lenguas mexicanas}, @@ -17170,13 +17281,13 @@ @incollection{bib1930 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib1931, +@misc{bib1943, author = {Cruz, Maria Odileiz Sousa}, title = {Fonologia e Gramática Ingarikó (Kaex͡tglotstoppon -- Brasil)}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib1932, +@book{bib1944, author = {Cruz, Celina Maria E.}, publisher = {1st Philippine Conference-Workshop on Mother Tongue-based Multilingual Education.}, title = {Revitalization challenges for small languages: The case of Isinai}, @@ -17184,7 +17295,7 @@ @book{bib1932 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib1933, +@incollection{bib1945, author = {Cruz Méndez, Angel and Gerdel, Florence and Slocum, Marianna C.}, editor = {U., Estrada and Guillermo and et al.}, booktitle = {Folclor indıgena de Colombia 2}, @@ -17193,7 +17304,7 @@ @incollection{bib1933 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib1934, +@incollection{bib1946, author = {Csató, Éva and Karakoç, Birsel}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Csató, Éva Ã?.}, booktitle = {The Turkic languages}, @@ -17202,7 +17313,7 @@ @incollection{bib1934 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib1935, +@incollection{bib1947, author = {Csúcs, Sándor}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Uralic Languages}, @@ -17211,7 +17322,7 @@ @incollection{bib1935 year = {1998} } -@article{bib1936, +@article{bib1948, author = {Borgman, Donald M. and Cue, Sandra L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -17221,7 +17332,7 @@ @article{bib1936 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib1937, +@misc{bib1949, author = {Cullen, Wendy Ruth}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {39557}, @@ -17230,7 +17341,7 @@ @misc{bib1937 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1938, +@article{bib1950, author = {Cullip, Peter}, journal = {Sarawak Museum Journal}, local_ids = {95280}, @@ -17241,20 +17352,20 @@ @article{bib1938 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib1939, +@misc{bib1951, author = {Cunha, Carla Maria}, pages = {191}, title = {Um estudo de fonologia da língua Makuxi (karib): inter-relações das teorias fonológicas}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib1940, +@misc{bib1952, author = {Cunha de Oliveira, Christiane}, title = {The Language of the Apinajé People of Central Brazil}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib1941, +@book{bib1953, author = {Cunningham, Mary C.}, address = {St.~Lucia}, publisher = {University of Queensland}, @@ -17264,19 +17375,19 @@ @book{bib1941 year = {1969} } -@misc{bib1942, +@misc{bib1954, author = {Curnow, Timothy J}, title = {A Grammar of Awa Pit (Cuaiquer): An Indigenous Language of South-western Colombia}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib1943, +@misc{bib1955, author = {Curnow, Timothy}, title = {A grammar of Awa Pit (Cuaiquier): An indigenous language of south-western Colombia}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib1944, +@article{bib1956, author = {Curnow, Timothy}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {141-159}, @@ -17285,7 +17396,7 @@ @article{bib1944 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1945, +@article{bib1957, author = {Curnow, Timothy}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -17295,14 +17406,14 @@ @article{bib1945 year = {1998} } -@book{bib1946, +@book{bib1958, author = {Curtis, Edward S.}, publisher = {Johnson Reprint Corporation}, title = {North American Indian}, year = {1926} } -@book{bib1947, +@book{bib1959, author = {Cusihuaman, Antonio}, address = {Lima}, local_ids = {99401}, @@ -17311,14 +17422,14 @@ @book{bib1947 year = {1976} } -@book{bib1948, +@book{bib1960, author = {Cydendambaev, C. B. and Imechenov, M. N.}, publisher = {Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannyx i nacional'nych slovarej}, title = {Kratkij russko-burjatskij slovar': Orod-burjaad chelenej tobso slovar}, year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib1949, +@incollection{bib1961, author = {Cyffer, Norbert}, editor = {Zima, Petr}, address = {München}, @@ -17330,13 +17441,13 @@ @incollection{bib1949 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib1950, +@misc{bib1962, author = {Cygankin, D. B. and Dabaev, C. Z.}, title = {Ocherk sravnitel'noj grammatiki mordovskix (mokshanskogo i erzjanskogo) literaturnyx jazykov}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib1951, +@book{bib1963, author = {Junker, H. and Czermak, W.}, address = {Wien}, publisher = {Alfred Hölder}, @@ -17346,13 +17457,13 @@ @book{bib1951 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib1952, +@misc{bib1964, author = {Cândido, Gláucia Vieira}, title = {Descrição Morfossintática da Língua Shanenawa}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib1953, +@incollection{bib1965, author = {Córdoba and Lorena and y Diego Villar, Pilar M. Valenzuela}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -17365,27 +17476,27 @@ @incollection{bib1953 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1954, +@book{bib1966, author = {D'Alton, Paula}, publisher = {Éditions du centre national de la recherche scientifique}, title = {Le Palor: Esquisse phonologique et grammaticale d'une langue cangin du Sénégal}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib1955, +@misc{bib1967, author = {D'Alton, Paula A.}, title = {Phonological and grammatical sketch of Palor, a Cangin language of Senegal}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib1956, +@book{bib1968, author = {Dabir-Moghaddam, M.}, publisher = {The Organization for Researching and Composing University textbooks in the Humanities (SAMT).}, title = {Typology of Iranian languages}, year = {2013} } -@book{bib1957, +@book{bib1969, author = {Dabitz, Günther}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Franz Steiner}, @@ -17395,7 +17506,7 @@ @book{bib1957 year = {1985} } -@article{bib1958, +@article{bib1970, author = {Dabkowski, Maksymilian}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -17409,7 +17520,7 @@ @article{bib1958 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib1959, +@misc{bib1971, author = {Williams, Robert and Jakobi, Angelika and Comfort, Jade and Daida, Abdelbagi}, howpublished = {Website}, local_ids = {92061}, @@ -17418,12 +17529,12 @@ @misc{bib1959 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib1960, +@misc{bib1972, author = {Dakin, J.C.}, title = {Vocabulary of about sixty [So] words} } -@article{bib1961, +@article{bib1973, author = {Dalby, David}, journal = {Sierra Leone Language Review}, pages = {83-90}, @@ -17432,7 +17543,7 @@ @article{bib1961 year = {1964} } -@article{bib1962, +@article{bib1974, author = {Dalby, David}, journal = {Sierra Leone language review}, pages = {139-151}, @@ -17441,7 +17552,7 @@ @article{bib1962 year = {1965} } -@article{bib1963, +@article{bib1975, author = {Dale, Godfrey}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Inst. of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {181-239}, @@ -17450,13 +17561,13 @@ @article{bib1963 year = {1896} } -@misc{bib1964, +@misc{bib1976, author = {Dale, Godfrey}, title = {Bondei exercises}, year = {1894} } -@article{bib1965, +@article{bib1977, author = {Dalgish, Gerard Matthew}, journal = {Studies in African linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -17466,7 +17577,7 @@ @article{bib1965 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib1966, +@incollection{bib1978, author = {Daly, Richard}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -17475,7 +17586,7 @@ @incollection{bib1966 year = {1999} } -@article{bib1967, +@article{bib1979, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Zeits. für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, number = {4}, @@ -17485,7 +17596,7 @@ @article{bib1967 year = {1937/38} } -@article{bib1968, +@article{bib1980, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Mitt. der Ausland-Hochschule an der Univ. Berlin}, pages = {1-16}, @@ -17494,7 +17605,7 @@ @article{bib1968 year = {1938} } -@incollection{bib1969, +@incollection{bib1981, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, booktitle = {Ethnological and linguistic studies in honour of N.J. van Warmelo: essays contributed on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday 28 January 1969 Ethnological publ., #52}, pages = {47-53}, @@ -17503,7 +17614,7 @@ @incollection{bib1969 year = {1969} } -@article{bib1970, +@article{bib1982, author = {Dammann, E.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {227-234}, @@ -17512,7 +17623,7 @@ @article{bib1970 year = {1949-1950} } -@article{bib1971, +@article{bib1983, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Zeits. für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, pages = {223-233}, @@ -17521,7 +17632,7 @@ @article{bib1971 year = {1936/37} } -@article{bib1972, +@article{bib1984, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, journal = {Zeits. für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, number = {2}, @@ -17531,7 +17642,7 @@ @article{bib1972 year = {1934/35} } -@incollection{bib1973, +@incollection{bib1985, author = {Dammann, Ernst}, editor = {Drost, Dietrich and König, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {Beiträge zur Völkerforschung: Hans Damm zum 65. Geburtstag Veröff. des Museums für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig, #11}, @@ -17541,7 +17652,7 @@ @incollection{bib1973 year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib1974, +@incollection{bib1986, author = {Daniel, Mixail A.}, editor = {Kibrik and E., A. and Tatevosov and G, S. and Kazenin, . and I., K. and Ljutikova, E. A.}, booktitle = {Bagvalinskij jazyk: Grammatika, teksty, slovari}, @@ -17550,7 +17661,7 @@ @incollection{bib1974 year = {2001} } -@article{bib1975, +@article{bib1987, author = {Daniels, Don R.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -17560,7 +17671,7 @@ @article{bib1975 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib1976, +@misc{bib1988, author = {Daniels, Don}, local_ids = {97920}, month = {May}, @@ -17568,7 +17679,7 @@ @misc{bib1976 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib1977, +@incollection{bib1989, author = {Daniels, Don R.}, booktitle = {A Reconstruction of Proto-Sogeram: Phonology, Lexicon, and Morphosyntax}, pages = {658-765}, @@ -17577,7 +17688,7 @@ @incollection{bib1977 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib1978, +@incollection{bib1990, author = {Danielsen, Swintha}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -17588,7 +17699,7 @@ @incollection{bib1978 year = {2012} } -@book{bib1979, +@book{bib1991, author = {Danielsen, Swintha}, address = {Netherlands}, publisher = {Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden}, @@ -17598,7 +17709,7 @@ @book{bib1979 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib1980, +@misc{bib1992, author = {Danielsen, Swintha}, local_ids = {24839}, title = {"Paunaka documentation project (PDP)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -17606,7 +17717,7 @@ @misc{bib1980 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib1981, +@misc{bib1993, author = {Danielsen, Swintha}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99281}, @@ -17614,7 +17725,7 @@ @misc{bib1981 year = {2016} } -@article{bib1982, +@article{bib1994, author = {Macuch, Rudolf and Dankwarth, Guido}, address = {Wiesbaden}, journal = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -17625,7 +17736,7 @@ @article{bib1982 year = {1993} } -@book{bib1983, +@book{bib1995, author = {Dany Mahecha Rubio and Calvo, Carlos Eduardo Franky and Becerra, Gabriel Cabrera}, editor = {R., François Correa}, pages = {129-211}, @@ -17636,7 +17747,7 @@ @book{bib1983 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib1984, +@incollection{bib1996, author = {Darbeeva, A. A.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -17645,7 +17756,7 @@ @incollection{bib1984 year = {1997} } -@article{bib1985, +@article{bib1997, author = {Darre, E.}, journal = {Bull. de la Soc. des Recherches Congolaises}, pages = {53-73}, @@ -17654,21 +17765,21 @@ @article{bib1985 year = {1923} } -@book{bib1986, +@book{bib1998, author = {Das, A. R.}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, title = {A Study of the Nicobarese Language}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib1987, +@book{bib1999, author = {Das, A. Sisir Kumar}, publisher = {Annamalai University, Annamalaiungegar}, title = {Structure of Malto}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib1988, +@book{bib2000, author = {Das, Tarakchandra}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {University of Calcutta}, @@ -17676,28 +17787,28 @@ @book{bib1988 year = {1945} } -@book{bib1989, +@book{bib2001, author = {Das Gupta, Kamalesh}, publisher = {North-East Frontier Agency}, title = {An introduction to the Gallong language}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib1990, +@book{bib2002, author = {Das Gupta, Kamalesh}, publisher = {North-East Frontier Agency}, title = {An Introduction to the Nocte Language}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib1991, +@book{bib2003, author = {Das Gupta, Kamalesh}, publisher = {Directorate of Information and Public Relations, Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {A phrase book in Miju}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib1992, +@book{bib2004, author = {Dasgupta, D.}, pages = {177-214}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -17705,7 +17816,7 @@ @book{bib1992 year = {1978} } -@book{bib1993, +@book{bib2005, author = {Dasgupta, D.}, pages = {91-150}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -17713,7 +17824,7 @@ @book{bib1993 year = {1978} } -@book{bib1994, +@book{bib2006, author = {Dasgupta, D.}, pages = {1-90}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -17721,7 +17832,7 @@ @book{bib1994 year = {1978} } -@book{bib1995, +@book{bib2007, author = {Dasgupta, D.}, pages = {238-255}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -17729,7 +17840,7 @@ @book{bib1995 year = {1978} } -@book{bib1996, +@book{bib2008, author = {Mishra, K. C. and Dash, Jagannath}, address = {Bhubaneswar, India}, publisher = {Institute of Orissan Culture}, @@ -17738,7 +17849,7 @@ @book{bib1996 year = {1994} } -@book{bib1997, +@book{bib2009, author = {Daudey, Henriëtte}, local_ids = {98728}, publisher = {Melbourne}, @@ -17748,7 +17859,7 @@ @book{bib1997 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib1998, +@misc{bib2010, author = {Dauenhauer, Richard}, local_ids = {2291}, title = {"Documenting Tlingit Raven Stories [ISO 639 tli]" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -17756,25 +17867,25 @@ @misc{bib1998 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib1999, +@misc{bib2011, author = {Davey, Anthony S.}, title = {Morphology of the substantive in Subiya}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib2000, +@misc{bib2012, author = {Davidson, Matthew}, title = {Studies in Southern Wakashan (Nootkan) grammar}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2001, +@misc{bib2013, author = {Davidson, Matthew}, title = {Studies in Wakashan (Nootkan) Grammar}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2002, +@incollection{bib2014, author = {Davies, William}, editor = {Perlmutter, David and Rosen, Carol}, booktitle = {Studies in Relational Grammar 2}, @@ -17783,13 +17894,13 @@ @incollection{bib2002 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib2003, +@misc{bib2015, author = {Davies, William D.}, title = {Choctaw Clause Structure}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib2004, +@book{bib2016, author = {Davies, William D.}, pages = {xi+202}, publisher = {KLUWER}, @@ -17799,13 +17910,13 @@ @book{bib2004 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib2005, +@misc{bib2017, author = {Davies, J.G.}, title = {The Bi Rom}, year = {1949} } -@book{bib2006, +@book{bib2018, author = {Davies, Reginald}, pages = {209}, publisher = {John Murray}, @@ -17813,7 +17924,7 @@ @book{bib2006 year = {1957} } -@article{bib2007, +@article{bib2019, author = {Davies, Reginald}, journal = {Sudan notes and records}, number = {2}, @@ -17823,19 +17934,19 @@ @article{bib2007 year = {1924} } -@misc{bib2008, +@misc{bib2020, author = {Davies, Jennifer}, title = {Umbugarla: A Sketch Grammar}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib2009, +@misc{bib2021, author = {Davies, Reginald}, title = {Unpublished materials on the Masalit language}, year = {1924} } -@book{bib2010, +@book{bib2022, author = {Davis, Philip W. and Saunders, Ross}, publisher = {University of Montana}, series = {Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -17844,13 +17955,13 @@ @book{bib2010 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib2011, +@misc{bib2023, author = {Davis, Karen}, title = {A grammar of the Hoava language, western Solomons}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib2012, +@book{bib2024, author = {Davis, Karen}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -17862,7 +17973,7 @@ @book{bib2012 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2013, +@incollection{bib2025, author = {Davis, Philip W. and Saunders, Ross}, editor = {Cook, E. and Kaye, J.}, booktitle = {Linguistic Studies of Native Canada}, @@ -17871,14 +17982,14 @@ @incollection{bib2013 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2014, +@book{bib2026, author = {Davis, Philip W. and Saunders, Ross}, publisher = {British Columbia Provincial Museum}, title = {Bella Coola Texts}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib2015, +@article{bib2027, author = {Davis, I.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -17888,7 +17999,7 @@ @article{bib2015 year = {1963} } -@article{bib2016, +@article{bib2028, author = {Davis, Irvine}, journal = {Estudos Lingüísticos: Revista Brasileira de Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada}, number = {2}, @@ -17898,13 +18009,13 @@ @article{bib2016 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib2017, +@misc{bib2029, author = {Davis, Irvine}, title = {Grammatical Structure of Santa Ana Keresan}, year = {1960} } -@book{bib2018, +@book{bib2030, author = {Davis, Jeffrey E.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Hand Talk: Sign Language Among American Indian Nations}, @@ -17912,7 +18023,7 @@ @book{bib2018 year = {2010} } -@article{bib2019, +@article{bib2031, author = {Davis, Irvine}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -17922,7 +18033,7 @@ @article{bib2019 year = {1966} } -@article{bib2020, +@article{bib2032, author = {Davis, I.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -17932,7 +18043,7 @@ @article{bib2020 year = {1968} } -@article{bib2021, +@article{bib2033, author = {Davis, D. R.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {5-17}, @@ -17941,7 +18052,7 @@ @article{bib2021 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib2022, +@incollection{bib2034, author = {Davis, Irvine}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne}, booktitle = {The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment}, @@ -17950,7 +18061,7 @@ @incollection{bib2022 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib2023, +@incollection{bib2035, author = {Davis, Irvine}, booktitle = {Anthropological papers 69 Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, pages = {53-190}, @@ -17960,14 +18071,14 @@ @incollection{bib2023 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib2024, +@misc{bib2036, author = {Davis, D. R.}, pages = {78}, title = {Wantoat Clauses}, year = {1964} } -@article{bib2025, +@article{bib2037, author = {Day, G. M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -17977,21 +18088,21 @@ @article{bib2025 year = {1964} } -@book{bib2026, +@book{bib2038, author = {Day, Gordon M.}, publisher = {Canadian Museum of Civilization}, title = {Western Abenaki. Volume 1: Abenaki-English}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib2027, +@book{bib2039, author = {Day, Gordon M.}, publisher = {Canadian Museum of Civilization}, title = {Western Abenaki. Volume 2: English-Abenaki}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib2028, +@book{bib2040, author = {Daya, BPS Sumba Barat}, local_ids = {95500}, publisher = {Weetebula}, @@ -17999,7 +18110,7 @@ @book{bib2028 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2029, +@book{bib2041, author = {Dayley, Jon P.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -18008,7 +18119,7 @@ @book{bib2029 year = {1989} } -@book{bib2030, +@book{bib2042, author = {Dayley, Jon P.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -18018,7 +18129,7 @@ @book{bib2030 year = {1989} } -@book{bib2031, +@book{bib2043, author = {Crum, Beverly and Dayley, Jon}, address = {Boise, Idaho}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, Boise State University}, @@ -18028,20 +18139,20 @@ @book{bib2031 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib2032, +@misc{bib2044, author = {Dayrell, Elphinstone}, title = {Vocabulary and supplementary vocabulary of English words, salutations, etc., translated into the Juku and Munchi languages}, year = {1908} } -@book{bib2033, +@book{bib2045, author = {De Abreu, J. Capistrano}, publisher = {Typographia Leuzinger}, title = {Ra-Txa Hu-Ni-Ku-i, A Lingua Dos Caxinauas}, year = {1914} } -@book{bib2034, +@book{bib2046, author = {Angelis, Patricia Sue De}, local_ids = {95020}, publisher = {College Park}, @@ -18051,21 +18162,21 @@ @book{bib2034 year = {2000} } -@book{bib2035, +@book{bib2047, author = {De Augusta, F. J.}, publisher = {Lampert}, title = {Gramatica araucana}, year = {1903} } -@book{bib2036, +@book{bib2048, author = {De Bray, Reginald George Arthur}, publisher = {J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd}, title = {Guide to the West Slavonic Languages}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2037, +@incollection{bib2049, author = {Laguna, Frederica De}, editor = {Suttles, Wayne}, booktitle = {Northwest Coast Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -18076,7 +18187,7 @@ @incollection{bib2037 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2038, +@incollection{bib2050, author = {Laguna, Frederica De}, editor = {Suttles, Wayne}, booktitle = {Northwest Coast Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -18087,14 +18198,25 @@ @incollection{bib2038 year = {1990} } -@book{bib2039, +@article{bib2051, + author = {Santis, Angeliki Douri; Dario De}, + journal = {L'idomeneo}, + local_ids = {99491}, + num = {19}, + pages = {187-198}, + title = {Griko and Modern Greek in Grecìa Salentina: An overview}, + url = {http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/idomeneo/article/view/15295/13291}, + year = {2015} +} + +@book{bib2052, author = {De Torres Rubio, Diego}, publisher = {Lyrsa}, title = {Arte de la lengua aymara}, year = {1966} } -@phdthesis{bib2040, +@phdthesis{bib2053, author = {De Vengoechea, Consuelo.}, local_ids = {98311}, school = {Université Toulouse le Mirail-Toulouse II}, @@ -18103,14 +18225,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib2040 year = {2012} } -@book{bib2041, +@book{bib2054, author = {DeBlois, Albert D. and Metallic, Alphonse}, publisher = {National Museums of Canada}, title = {Micmac Lexicon}, year = {1984} } -@misc{bib2042, +@misc{bib2055, author = {DeLancey, Scott}, local_ids = {24861}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: Documentation of the Miji Languages" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -18118,7 +18240,7 @@ @misc{bib2042 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2043, +@misc{bib2056, author = {DeLancey, Scott}, local_ids = {24672}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: Documenting Bih, An Austronesian Language of Vietnam In A Comparative Perspective: A Bih/Rade/English/Vietnamese Dictionary" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -18126,7 +18248,7 @@ @misc{bib2043 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2044, +@incollection{bib2057, author = {Brain, Jeffrey P. and Roth, George and DeReuse, Willem J.}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -18138,13 +18260,13 @@ @incollection{bib2044 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib2045, +@misc{bib2058, author = {Dean, B. C.}, title = {Chanting Rivers, Fiery Tongues: Exchange, value & desire among the Urarina of Peruvian Amazonia}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib2046, +@book{bib2059, author = {Decker, Kendall D.}, address = {Islamabad}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -18159,7 +18281,7 @@ @book{bib2046 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib2047, +@incollection{bib2060, author = {Decker, Sandra J.}, editor = {Rensch, Calvin R. and Decker, Sandra J. and Hallberg, Daniel G.}, address = {Islamabad}, @@ -18174,7 +18296,7 @@ @incollection{bib2047 year = {1992} } -@article{bib2048, +@article{bib2061, author = {Declich, Francesca}, journal = {History in Africa}, pages = {93-122}, @@ -18183,7 +18305,7 @@ @article{bib2048 year = {1995} } -@book{bib2049, +@book{bib2062, author = {Declich, Francesca}, pages = {287}, publisher = {Franco Angeli}, @@ -18192,7 +18314,7 @@ @book{bib2049 year = {2002} } -@article{bib2050, +@article{bib2063, author = {Declich, Francesca}, journal = {Africa: rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione dell’Ist}, pages = {570-589}, @@ -18201,14 +18323,14 @@ @article{bib2050 year = {1987} } -@book{bib2051, +@book{bib2064, author = {Dedrick, John M. and Casad, Eugene H.}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, title = {Sonora Yaqui Language Structures}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2052, +@incollection{bib2065, author = {Degener, Almuth}, editor = {Sims-Williams, Nicholas}, booktitle = {Indo-Iranian Languages and Peoples}, @@ -18222,7 +18344,7 @@ @incollection{bib2052 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2053, +@misc{bib2066, author = {Deibler, Ellis W.}, howpublished = {Manuscript, Draft (posted 'as is' without peer review)}, institution = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -18233,7 +18355,7 @@ @misc{bib2053 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib2054, +@misc{bib2067, author = {Deibler, Ellis W.}, institution = {SIL PNG}, local_ids = {92910}, @@ -18242,7 +18364,7 @@ @misc{bib2054 year = {1992} } -@book{bib2055, +@book{bib2068, author = {Deibler, Ellis W.}, address = {Ukarumpa}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -18253,7 +18375,7 @@ @book{bib2055 year = {2008} } -@book{bib2056, +@book{bib2069, author = {Deibler, Ellis W.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -18262,13 +18384,13 @@ @book{bib2056 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib2057, +@misc{bib2070, author = {Delafosse, Maurice}, title = {Essai sur le peuple et la langue Sara}, year = {1897} } -@book{bib2058, +@book{bib2071, author = {Delafosse, Maurice}, pages = {428; 428; 316}, publisher = {Emile Larose}, @@ -18276,7 +18398,7 @@ @book{bib2058 year = {1912} } -@article{bib2059, +@article{bib2072, author = {Delafosse, Maurice}, journal = {Mémoires de la Soc. de Linguistique de Paris}, number = {6}, @@ -18286,7 +18408,7 @@ @article{bib2059 year = {1911} } -@book{bib2060, +@book{bib2073, author = {Delafosse, Maurice}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -18294,7 +18416,7 @@ @book{bib2060 year = {1904} } -@book{bib2061, +@book{bib2074, author = {Delafosse, Maurice}, pages = {iv, 284}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -18302,7 +18424,7 @@ @book{bib2061 year = {1904} } -@misc{bib2062, +@misc{bib2075, author = {Delalorm, Cephas}, local_ids = {24582}, title = {"Description and Documentation of Sekpele" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -18310,7 +18432,7 @@ @misc{bib2062 year = {2011} } -@book{bib2063, +@book{bib2076, author = {Delalorm, Cephas}, local_ids = {99650}, publisher = {London, England}, @@ -18320,14 +18442,14 @@ @book{bib2063 year = {2016} } -@book{bib2064, +@book{bib2077, author = {Delaporte, Raymond}, publisher = {Cork University Press}, title = {Elementary Breton-English Dictionary}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib2065, +@book{bib2078, author = {Delobeau, Jean-Michel}, publisher = {PEETERS}, series = {SELAF}, @@ -18336,7 +18458,7 @@ @book{bib2065 year = {1989} } -@book{bib2066, +@book{bib2079, author = {Boas, Franz and Deloria, Ella}, publisher = {National Academy of Science}, series = {National Academy of Science Memoirs}, @@ -18345,7 +18467,7 @@ @book{bib2066 year = {1941} } -@article{bib2067, +@article{bib2080, author = {Boas, Franz and Deloria, Ella}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {97-121}, @@ -18354,14 +18476,14 @@ @article{bib2067 year = {1933} } -@misc{bib2068, +@misc{bib2081, author = {Delpada, Franitšek Kratochvíl; Benediktus}, title = {Abui-English Dictionary}, url = {http://www.academia.edu/8013718/Abui_-_English_-_Indonesian_Dictionary_2nd_edition_}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib2069, +@article{bib2082, author = {Demers, R. A. and Horn, G. M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -18371,7 +18493,7 @@ @article{bib2069 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2070, +@book{bib2083, author = {Demesse, Lucien}, pages = {258}, publisher = {Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, @@ -18381,7 +18503,7 @@ @book{bib2070 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2071, +@book{bib2084, author = {Demesse, Lucien}, pages = {(?}, publisher = {Annuaire de l’EPHE (Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Univ. Paris-Sorbonne).}, @@ -18389,7 +18511,7 @@ @book{bib2071 year = {1974} } -@book{bib2072, +@book{bib2085, author = {Demesse, Lucien}, pages = {301}, publisher = {Musée de l’Homme}, @@ -18398,7 +18520,7 @@ @book{bib2072 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2073, +@incollection{bib2086, author = {Demiraj, Shaban}, editor = {Ramat, Anna Giacalone and Ramat, Paolo}, booktitle = {The Indo-European Languages}, @@ -18407,7 +18529,7 @@ @incollection{bib2073 year = {1998} } -@article{bib2074, +@article{bib2087, author = {Dempwolff, Otto}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {319-325}, @@ -18416,7 +18538,7 @@ @article{bib2074 year = {1916/17} } -@article{bib2075, +@article{bib2088, author = {Dempwolff, Otto}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {257-260}, @@ -18425,7 +18547,7 @@ @article{bib2075 year = {1911/12} } -@article{bib2076, +@article{bib2089, author = {Dempwolff, Otto}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {161-181}, @@ -18434,7 +18556,7 @@ @article{bib2076 year = {1912/13} } -@article{bib2077, +@article{bib2090, author = {Dempwolff, Otto}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {134-149, 167-192}, @@ -18443,7 +18565,7 @@ @article{bib2077 year = {1916/17} } -@book{bib2078, +@book{bib2091, author = {Dempwolff, O.}, address = {Hamburg}, pages = {v, 180}, @@ -18454,7 +18576,7 @@ @book{bib2078 year = {1916} } -@article{bib2079, +@article{bib2092, author = {Demuenynck, B.}, journal = {Bulletin de la Société royale belge de géographie}, pages = {134-140}, @@ -18463,13 +18585,13 @@ @article{bib2079 year = {1908} } -@misc{bib2080, +@misc{bib2093, author = {Dench, Alan}, title = {Martuthunira: A Language of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib2081, +@book{bib2094, author = {Dench, Alan Charles}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -18478,7 +18600,7 @@ @book{bib2081 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2082, +@incollection{bib2095, author = {Dench, Alan}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {The Aboriginal Language of Melbourne and Other Sketches Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -18489,13 +18611,13 @@ @incollection{bib2082 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib2083, +@misc{bib2096, author = {Dench, Alan C.}, title = {Panyjima phonology and morphology}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib2084, +@article{bib2097, author = {Dench, Alan}, journal = {Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -18505,7 +18627,7 @@ @article{bib2084 year = {1998} } -@book{bib2085, +@book{bib2098, author = {Dench, Alan}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -18515,14 +18637,14 @@ @book{bib2085 year = {1998} } -@book{bib2086, +@book{bib2099, author = {Dench, Alan}, publisher = {Centre for Linguistics, University of Western Australia}, title = {Yingkarta sketch grammar}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib2087, +@book{bib2100, author = {Blench, Roger and Dendo, Mallam}, howpublished = {Author's web site}, local_ids = {2001}, @@ -18532,7 +18654,7 @@ @book{bib2087 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib2088, +@misc{bib2101, author = {Blench, Roger and Dendo, Mallam}, local_ids = {98254}, pages = {12}, @@ -18542,14 +18664,14 @@ @misc{bib2088 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2089, +@book{bib2102, author = {Dennis, Ronald and Dennis, Margaret}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Tol (Jicaque)-Español y Español-Tol (Jicaque)}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib2090, +@incollection{bib2103, author = {Moore, Denny and Galucio, Ana Vilacy}, address = {Berkeley}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the meeting of the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas and the Hokan-Penutian workshop Survey of California and other Indian Languages}, @@ -18560,13 +18682,13 @@ @incollection{bib2090 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib2091, +@misc{bib2104, author = {Dentan, Robert K.}, title = {Preliminary Field Notes on the Semai Language}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib2092, +@book{bib2105, author = {Der-Houssikian, Haig}, pages = {xvi, 194}, publisher = {The Experiment in International Living}, @@ -18575,7 +18697,7 @@ @book{bib2092 year = {1980} } -@book{bib2093, +@book{bib2106, author = {Der-Houssikian, Haig}, pages = {xx, 176}, publisher = {The Experiment in International Living}, @@ -18584,7 +18706,7 @@ @book{bib2093 year = {1980} } -@book{bib2094, +@book{bib2107, author = {Der-Houssikian, Haig}, pages = {viii, 128}, publisher = {The Experiment in International Living}, @@ -18593,7 +18715,7 @@ @book{bib2094 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2095, +@incollection{bib2108, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenwald, A.}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages}, @@ -18603,7 +18725,7 @@ @incollection{bib2095 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2096, +@incollection{bib2109, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian languages 1}, @@ -18612,7 +18734,7 @@ @incollection{bib2096 year = {1986} } -@article{bib2097, +@article{bib2110, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {125-142, 226-236}, @@ -18621,7 +18743,7 @@ @article{bib2097 year = {1961} } -@book{bib2098, +@book{bib2111, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, publisher = {North-Holland}, series = {Lingua Descriptive Studies}, @@ -18630,7 +18752,7 @@ @book{bib2098 year = {1979} } -@book{bib2099, +@book{bib2112, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics.}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -18639,7 +18761,7 @@ @book{bib2099 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib2100, +@incollection{bib2113, author = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Payne, Doris L.}, editor = {Payne, Doris L.}, booktitle = {Amazonian Linguistics, Studies in Lowland South American Languages}, @@ -18648,7 +18770,7 @@ @incollection{bib2100 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2101, +@incollection{bib2114, author = {Chapman, Shirley and Derbyshire, Desmond C.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -18657,27 +18779,27 @@ @incollection{bib2101 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib2102, +@misc{bib2115, author = {Derman, Tankaré}, title = {Dictionnaire tem-français-allemand, tem-französisch-deutsch-Wörterbuch}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib2103, +@book{bib2116, author = {Desheriev, Junus Desherievich}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Batsbijskij jazyk: fonetika, Morfologia, sintaksis, leksika}, year = {1953} } -@book{bib2104, +@book{bib2117, author = {Dettmer, H. A.}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Ainu-Grammatik. Volume 1: Texte und Hinweise}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib2105, +@book{bib2118, author = {Dettweiler, Stephen H. and Dettweiler, Sonia G.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {41024}, @@ -18688,7 +18810,7 @@ @book{bib2105 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2106, +@misc{bib2119, author = {Dettweiler, Stephen and Dettweiler, Sonia}, howpublished = {Online report}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -18698,7 +18820,7 @@ @misc{bib2106 year = {2002} } -@book{bib2107, +@book{bib2120, author = {Devi Prasada Sastry, G.}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, series = {CIIL Grammar Series}, @@ -18707,7 +18829,7 @@ @book{bib2107 year = {1984} } -@book{bib2108, +@book{bib2121, author = {Deza Galindo, Juan Francisco}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Artex Editores}, @@ -18715,7 +18837,7 @@ @book{bib2108 year = {1992} } -@book{bib2109, +@book{bib2122, author = {Dešeriev, Junus D.}, address = {Moscow}, pages = {222}, @@ -18724,7 +18846,7 @@ @book{bib2109 year = {1959} } -@book{bib2110, +@book{bib2123, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, isbn = {9783862885497}, local_ids = {98089}, @@ -18736,7 +18858,7 @@ @book{bib2110 year = {2014} } -@book{bib2111, +@book{bib2124, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -18745,7 +18867,7 @@ @book{bib2111 year = {2012} } -@book{bib2112, +@book{bib2125, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -18754,7 +18876,7 @@ @book{bib2112 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib2113, +@misc{bib2126, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, local_ids = {99384}, month = {January}, @@ -18762,7 +18884,7 @@ @misc{bib2113 year = {2017} } -@article{bib2114, +@article{bib2127, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {30-37}, @@ -18771,7 +18893,7 @@ @article{bib2114 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2115, +@article{bib2128, author = {Dhakal, Dubi Nanda}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99695}, @@ -18782,14 +18904,14 @@ @article{bib2115 year = {2016} } -@book{bib2116, +@book{bib2129, author = {Dharmadāsa and Ō, Kē. En. and and de A. Samarasinghe., S. W. R.}, publisher = {International Centre for Ethnic Studies in association with NORAD and Vikas Pub. House}, title = {The Vanishing Aborigines: Sri Lanka's Veddas in Transition}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib2117, +@misc{bib2130, author = {DiCarlo, Pierpaolo}, local_ids = {91980}, month = {September}, @@ -18797,7 +18919,7 @@ @misc{bib2117 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib2118, +@misc{bib2131, author = {Good, Jeff and DiCarlo, Pierpaolo}, howpublished = {Manuscript}, local_ids = {91800}, @@ -18807,7 +18929,7 @@ @misc{bib2118 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2119, +@article{bib2132, author = {Dianat, L.}, journal = {Journal of Iranian Languages Linguistics}, pages = {53-72}, @@ -18816,7 +18938,7 @@ @article{bib2119 year = {2016} } -@article{bib2120, +@article{bib2133, author = {Diane Massam and Donna Starks and Ikiua, Ofania}, howpublished = {Online}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, @@ -18831,7 +18953,7 @@ @article{bib2120 year = {2006} } -@book{bib2121, +@book{bib2134, author = {Diatta, Christian Sina}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {L'Harmattan}, @@ -18840,7 +18962,7 @@ @book{bib2121 year = {1998} } -@book{bib2122, +@book{bib2135, author = {Dickens, Patrick J.}, address = {Köln}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -18853,7 +18975,7 @@ @book{bib2122 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2123, +@article{bib2136, author = {Dickens, Patrick John}, journal = {African studies}, number = {1}, @@ -18863,7 +18985,7 @@ @article{bib2123 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2124, +@book{bib2137, author = {Dickens, Patrick}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -18873,14 +18995,14 @@ @book{bib2124 year = {1994} } -@book{bib2125, +@book{bib2138, author = {Dickens, Patrick}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, title = {English-Ju|'hoan, Ju|'hoan-English Dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib2126, +@book{bib2139, author = {Dickens, Patrick}, address = {Windhoek}, publisher = {Nyae Nyae Development Foundation}, @@ -18888,20 +19010,20 @@ @book{bib2126 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib2127, +@misc{bib2140, author = {Dickens, Patrick}, title = {Ju|'hoan Grammar}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib2128, +@book{bib2141, author = {Dickens, Patrick}, publisher = {Nyae Development Foundation}, title = {Ju|'hoan Grammar}, year = {1992} } -@article{bib2129, +@article{bib2142, author = {Dickens, Patrick John}, journal = {African studies}, number = {2}, @@ -18911,7 +19033,7 @@ @article{bib2129 year = {1984} } -@article{bib2130, +@article{bib2143, author = {Dickens, Patrick John}, journal = {African studies}, number = {2}, @@ -18921,13 +19043,13 @@ @article{bib2130 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib2131, +@misc{bib2144, author = {Dickens, Patrick John}, title = {Qhalaxarzi phonology}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib2132, +@article{bib2145, author = {Dickens, Patrick John}, journal = {South African journal of African languages}, number = {2}, @@ -18937,13 +19059,13 @@ @article{bib2132 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib2133, +@misc{bib2146, author = {Dickinson, Connie}, title = {Complex predicates in Tsafiki}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib2134, +@article{bib2147, author = {Dickson, T.A.}, journal = {Journal of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Museum}, pages = {167-168}, @@ -18952,7 +19074,7 @@ @article{bib2134 year = {1917} } -@misc{bib2135, +@misc{bib2148, author = {Dickson, Greg}, local_ids = {24843}, title = {"Stories from the Saltwater as told by the old Marra ladies" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -18960,14 +19082,14 @@ @misc{bib2135 year = {2010} } -@book{bib2136, +@book{bib2149, author = {Diego de Diego, Antonio and Pascual, Franciso and Nicolas de Nicolas, Pedro and Fernando Gonzales, Carmelino and Matias, Santiago Juan}, publisher = {Proyecto Lingüıstico Francisco Marroquın}, title = {Diccionario del idioma q'anjob'al}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib2137, +@book{bib2150, author = {Dienst, Stefan}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -18975,7 +19097,7 @@ @book{bib2137 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2138, +@misc{bib2151, author = {Dienst, Stefan}, local_ids = {24664}, title = {"Documentation of Kanamari Language and culture" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -18983,13 +19105,13 @@ @misc{bib2138 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2139, +@misc{bib2152, author = {Diessel, Holger}, title = {The use of demonstratives in Oneida narratives}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2140, +@incollection{bib2153, author = {Dietrich, Wolf}, editor = {Messineo, Cristina and Malvestitti, Marisa and Bein, Roberto}, booktitle = {Estudios en Lingüística y Antropología: homenaje a Ana Gerzenstein}, @@ -18998,7 +19120,7 @@ @incollection{bib2140 year = {2008} } -@article{bib2141, +@article{bib2154, author = {Enfield, N. J. and Diffloth, Gerard}, institution = {CRLAO}, journal = {Cahiers de Linguislique - Asie Orientale}, @@ -19012,14 +19134,14 @@ @article{bib2141 year = {2009} } -@book{bib2142, +@book{bib2155, author = {Diffloth, Gerard}, publisher = {Chulalongkorn University}, title = {The Dvaravati Old Mon Language and Nyah Kur}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib2143, +@article{bib2156, author = {Ekiugbo, Philip O. and Diffre-Odiete, Akpobome}, isbn = {0189-5680}, journal = {Journal of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria}, @@ -19029,7 +19151,7 @@ @article{bib2143 year = {2018} } -@article{bib2144, +@article{bib2157, author = {Diguet, L.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {23-54}, @@ -19038,7 +19160,7 @@ @article{bib2144 year = {1911} } -@book{bib2145, +@book{bib2158, author = {Dijkmans, Joseph J. M.}, address = {Sankt Augustin}, publisher = {Anthropos-Institut - Haus Völker und Culturen}, @@ -19046,7 +19168,7 @@ @book{bib2145 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib2146, +@incollection{bib2159, author = {Boyeldieu, Pascal and Diki-Kidiri, Marcel}, editor = {Moñino, Y.}, booktitle = {Lexique comparatif des langues oubanguiennes}, @@ -19055,7 +19177,7 @@ @incollection{bib2146 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib2147, +@misc{bib2160, author = {Dikyuva, Hasan}, institution = {University of Central Lancashire}, local_ids = {91281}, @@ -19064,7 +19186,7 @@ @misc{bib2147 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib2148, +@incollection{bib2161, author = {Dikyuva, Hasan}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -19076,7 +19198,7 @@ @incollection{bib2148 year = {2012} } -@book{bib2149, +@book{bib2162, author = {Dillon, Myles}, publisher = {Hodder & Stoughton}, series = {Teach Yourself books}, @@ -19084,14 +19206,14 @@ @book{bib2149 year = {1961} } -@book{bib2150, +@book{bib2163, author = {Dillon, Myles and Ó Cróinin, Donncha}, publisher = {The English Universities Press Ltd.}, title = {Teach Yourself Irish}, year = {1961} } -@mastersthesis{bib2151, +@mastersthesis{bib2164, author = {Dilnesaw, Abraham}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {3631}, @@ -19101,7 +19223,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib2151 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2152, +@incollection{bib2165, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan}, editor = {Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek}, booktitle = {A linguistic geography of Africa}, @@ -19109,7 +19231,7 @@ @incollection{bib2152 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2153, +@incollection{bib2166, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R.M.W.}, booktitle = {Areal Diffusion and Genetic Linguistics. Problems in Comparative Linguistics}, @@ -19119,7 +19241,7 @@ @incollection{bib2153 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2154, +@incollection{bib2167, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Siegbert Uhlig, et al.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, @@ -19136,7 +19258,7 @@ @incollection{bib2154 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2155, +@incollection{bib2168, author = {Dimmendaal, G. J.}, editor = {Mack, John and Robertshaw, Peter}, address = {Nairobi}, @@ -19148,7 +19270,7 @@ @incollection{bib2155 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib2156, +@misc{bib2169, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit}, local_ids = {24739}, title = {"Documenting Tabaq, a Hill Nubian language of the Sudan, in its sociolinguistic context" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -19156,7 +19278,7 @@ @misc{bib2156 year = {2011} } -@article{bib2157, +@article{bib2170, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, journal = {JALL}, pages = {161-177}, @@ -19165,7 +19287,7 @@ @article{bib2157 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib2158, +@incollection{bib2171, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Endangered Languages in Africa}, @@ -19174,7 +19296,7 @@ @incollection{bib2158 year = {1998} } -@article{bib2159, +@article{bib2172, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -19184,7 +19306,7 @@ @article{bib2159 year = {2000} } -@article{bib2160, +@article{bib2173, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan}, journal = {SLLE (Survey of little-known languages of Ethiopia) linguistic reports}, pages = {26-27}, @@ -19193,7 +19315,7 @@ @article{bib2160 year = {1993} } -@book{bib2161, +@book{bib2174, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {41475}, @@ -19205,7 +19327,7 @@ @book{bib2161 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2162, +@incollection{bib2175, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer and Claudi, U.}, booktitle = {Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur in Afrika: Vorträge gehalten auf dem III.~Afrikanistentag, köln, 14./15.~Oktober 1982}, @@ -19214,7 +19336,7 @@ @incollection{bib2162 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib2163, +@incollection{bib2176, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer and Claudi, Ulrike}, booktitle = {Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur in Afrika: Vorträge gehalten auf dem III. Afrikanistentag, Köln, 14./15. Oktober 1982}, @@ -19223,13 +19345,13 @@ @incollection{bib2163 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib2164, +@misc{bib2177, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, title = {The genetic position of Tima}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib2165, +@incollection{bib2178, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Bubenzer, Olaf and Bolten, Andreas and Darius, Frank}, booktitle = {Atlas of Cultural and Environmental Change in Arid Africa}, @@ -19238,7 +19360,7 @@ @incollection{bib2165 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2166, +@incollection{bib2179, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -19250,7 +19372,7 @@ @incollection{bib2166 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib2167, +@incollection{bib2180, author = {Dimock, Laura}, editor = {Amiridze, Nino and Davis, Boyd H. and Maclagan, Margaret}, booktitle = {Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders}, @@ -19264,7 +19386,7 @@ @incollection{bib2167 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2168, +@misc{bib2181, author = {Dimrock, Laura}, local_ids = {24624}, title = {"Documentation and Description of the Nahavaq Language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -19272,21 +19394,21 @@ @misc{bib2168 year = {2007} } -@book{bib2169, +@book{bib2182, author = {Ding, Shiqing 丁石慶}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press}, title = {雙語族群語言文化的調適與重構：達斡爾族個案研究 [A case study of Dagur]}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib2170, +@book{bib2183, author = {Ding, Picus Sizhi}, publisher = {Brill}, title = {A Grammar of Prinmi: Based on the Central Dialect of Northwest Yunnan, China}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib2171, +@article{bib2184, author = {Ding and 丁石慶, Shiqing and and 王國旭, Guoxu Wang}, journal = {Journal of Minzu University of China (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) 中央民族大學學報（哲學社會科學版）}, local_ids = {98838}, @@ -19298,13 +19420,13 @@ @article{bib2171 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2172, +@misc{bib2185, author = {Ding, Sizhi}, title = {Fundamentals of Prinmi (Pumi): A Tibeto-Burman Language of Northwestern Yunnan, China}, year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib2173, +@incollection{bib2186, author = {Ding, Picus Sizhi 丁思志}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -19313,21 +19435,21 @@ @incollection{bib2173 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2174, +@book{bib2187, author = {Ding, Shiqing 丁石慶}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press}, title = {達斡爾語言與社會文化 [The Dagur language society, and culture]}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib2175, +@book{bib2188, author = {Ding, Shiqing 丁石慶}, publisher = {Commercial Press}, title = {莫旗達斡爾族語言使用現狀與發展趨勢 [The status quo and evolutionary tide of language use of Daur nationality in Moqi]}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib2176, +@article{bib2189, author = {Diniz, Edson Soares}, journal = {Revista de Antropologia}, number = {28}, @@ -19337,7 +19459,7 @@ @article{bib2176 year = {1984-85} } -@article{bib2177, +@article{bib2190, author = {Dinslage, Sabine and Storch, Anne}, journal = {Frankfurter afrikanistische Blätter}, pages = {49-80}, @@ -19346,7 +19468,7 @@ @article{bib2177 year = {1996} } -@article{bib2178, +@article{bib2191, author = {Dinslage, Sabine and Leger, Rudolf}, journal = {Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268}, pages = {67-77}, @@ -19355,13 +19477,13 @@ @article{bib2178 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib2179, +@misc{bib2192, author = {Diop, Diagne Maleine}, title = {Aperçu comparatif et synchronique des systèmes phonologiques et nominaux des langues cangin}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib2180, +@book{bib2193, author = {Bergsland, Knut and Dirks, Moses}, address = {Anchorage}, publisher = {National Bilingual Materials Center}, @@ -19369,7 +19491,7 @@ @book{bib2180 year = {1981} } -@article{bib2181, +@article{bib2194, author = {Dirks, S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {302-304}, @@ -19378,7 +19500,7 @@ @article{bib2181 year = {1953} } -@mastersthesis{bib2182, +@mastersthesis{bib2195, author = {Dirksmeyer, Tyko}, local_ids = {98178}, school = {Universität Leipzig}, @@ -19387,14 +19509,14 @@ @mastersthesis{bib2182 year = {2008} } -@book{bib2183, +@book{bib2196, author = {Dirr, Adolf}, publisher = {Asia Major}, title = {Einführung in das Studium der kaukasischen Sprachen}, year = {1928} } -@book{bib2184, +@book{bib2197, author = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, @@ -19403,14 +19525,14 @@ @book{bib2184 year = {1977} } -@book{bib2185, +@book{bib2198, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Australian Languages}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2186, +@incollection{bib2199, author = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, editor = {AIkhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W.}, booktitle = {Studies in Evidentiality}, @@ -19419,7 +19541,7 @@ @incollection{bib2186 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2187, +@incollection{bib2200, author = {Dixon, Roland B.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian Languages Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, @@ -19430,7 +19552,7 @@ @incollection{bib2187 year = {1911} } -@book{bib2188, +@book{bib2201, author = {Dixon, Roland B.}, publisher = {E. J. Brill}, series = {Publications of the American Ethnological Society}, @@ -19439,7 +19561,7 @@ @book{bib2188 year = {1912} } -@incollection{bib2189, +@incollection{bib2202, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {The Aboriginal Language of Melbourne and Other Sketches Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -19450,7 +19572,7 @@ @incollection{bib2189 year = {1991} } -@article{bib2190, +@article{bib2203, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -19460,7 +19582,7 @@ @article{bib2190 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib2191, +@incollection{bib2204, author = {Dixon, R.M.W.}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -19469,7 +19591,7 @@ @incollection{bib2191 year = {1983} } -@book{bib2192, +@book{bib2205, author = {Dixon, Roland B.}, pages = {461-476}, publisher = {anthropological essays presented to Frederic Ward Putnam in honor of his seventieth birthday, April 16, 1909 New York: G. E. Stechert}, @@ -19477,7 +19599,7 @@ @book{bib2192 year = {1909} } -@article{bib2193, +@article{bib2206, author = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, pages = {1-34}, @@ -19486,7 +19608,7 @@ @article{bib2193 year = {1977} } -@book{bib2194, +@book{bib2207, author = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, @@ -19495,14 +19617,14 @@ @book{bib2194 year = {1972} } -@book{bib2195, +@book{bib2208, author = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Jarawara Language of Southern Amazonia}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib2196, +@article{bib2209, author = {Dixon, Roland B.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {2}, @@ -19512,7 +19634,7 @@ @article{bib2196 year = {1905} } -@incollection{bib2197, +@incollection{bib2210, author = {Dixon, R.M.W.}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -19521,20 +19643,20 @@ @incollection{bib2197 year = {1981} } -@book{bib2198, +@book{bib2211, author = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, publisher = {University of Queensland Press}, title = {Words of Our Country}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib2199, +@misc{bib2212, author = {Djemmo, Léonce Tueche}, title = {Morphologie nominale du dambong}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib2200, +@book{bib2213, author = {Djibrine, Bada Adoum Zaid and de Montgolfier, Paul}, address = {Sarh}, publisher = {Centre d'Etudes Linguistiques du Sarh, Collège Charles Lwanga}, @@ -19542,13 +19664,13 @@ @book{bib2200 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib2201, +@misc{bib2214, author = {Djouonzo, B. F.}, title = {Nom en Tex͡tschwabaya (Tiba): Morphologie et Syntaxe}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib2202, +@misc{bib2215, author = {Djoupa, Alexandre}, institution = {Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales}, local_ids = {99710}, @@ -19556,7 +19678,7 @@ @misc{bib2202 year = {2013} } -@article{bib2203, +@article{bib2216, author = {Djoupée, Bertille}, journal = {Journal of West African languages}, pages = {61-81}, @@ -19565,13 +19687,13 @@ @article{bib2203 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib2204, +@misc{bib2217, author = {Doak, Ivy G.}, title = {Coeur d'Alene grammatical relations}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib2205, +@article{bib2218, author = {Dobashi, Yoshihito}, journal = {Cornell working papers in linguistics}, pages = {(?}, @@ -19580,7 +19702,7 @@ @article{bib2205 year = {2001} } -@article{bib2206, +@article{bib2219, author = {Dobashi, Yoshihito}, journal = {Working papers from Cornell Phonetics Laboratory}, pages = {(?}, @@ -19589,7 +19711,7 @@ @article{bib2206 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2207, +@incollection{bib2220, author = {Dobashi, Yoshihito}, editor = {Akinlabí, Akinbiyi M. and Adesola, Oluseye}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th world congress of African linguistics, New Brunswick 2003}, @@ -19597,7 +19719,7 @@ @incollection{bib2207 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib2208, +@incollection{bib2221, author = {Dobrin, Lise M.}, editor = {Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap}, booktitle = {Yearbook of Morphology 1997}, @@ -19606,7 +19728,7 @@ @incollection{bib2208 year = {1998} } -@book{bib2209, +@book{bib2222, author = {Dobson, Rose M.}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -19616,7 +19738,7 @@ @book{bib2209 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2210, +@article{bib2223, author = {Dobson, Rose M.}, journal = {Soc}, title = {Gramática prática com exercıcios da língua Kayabi}, @@ -19624,7 +19746,7 @@ @article{bib2210 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2211, +@book{bib2224, author = {Dobson, Rose}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, @@ -19632,7 +19754,7 @@ @book{bib2211 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2212, +@book{bib2225, author = {Dobson, Rose M.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Série Lingüıstica}, @@ -19641,7 +19763,7 @@ @book{bib2212 year = {1973} } -@article{bib2213, +@article{bib2226, author = {Dodykhudoeva, Leila R.}, journal = {Coll. Antropol.}, pages = {147-159}, @@ -19650,7 +19772,7 @@ @article{bib2213 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2214, +@book{bib2227, author = {Doerfer, Gerhard}, publisher = {Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur}, series = {Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse}, @@ -19659,7 +19781,7 @@ @book{bib2214 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib2215, +@incollection{bib2228, author = {Dogil, Gregorz}, editor = {van der Hulst, H.}, booktitle = {Word Prosodic Systems in the languages of Europe}, @@ -19668,7 +19790,7 @@ @incollection{bib2215 year = {1999} } -@article{bib2216, +@article{bib2229, author = {Doke, C. M.}, journal = {Bantu Studies}, pages = {129-166}, @@ -19677,7 +19799,7 @@ @article{bib2216 year = {1923-1926} } -@article{bib2217, +@article{bib2230, author = {Doke, C. M.}, journal = {Bantu Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -19687,13 +19809,13 @@ @article{bib2217 year = {1933} } -@misc{bib2218, +@misc{bib2231, author = {Donaldson, Tamsin}, title = {A Description of Ngiyamba: the language of the wanga:ybuwan people of Central New South Wales}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib2219, +@book{bib2232, author = {Donaldson, Tamsin}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Studies in Linguistics}, @@ -19702,7 +19824,7 @@ @book{bib2219 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2220, +@incollection{bib2233, author = {Donaldson, Tamsin}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -19711,21 +19833,21 @@ @incollection{bib2220 year = {1999} } -@book{bib2221, +@book{bib2234, author = {Donaldson, Tamsin}, publisher = {Australian Institiute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies}, title = {Ngiyampaa Wordworld}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib2222, +@book{bib2235, author = {Dondrup, Rinchin}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {A Handbook on Sherdukpen Language}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib2223, +@book{bib2236, author = {Dondrup, Rinchin}, address = {Itanagar}, pages = {vi+101}, @@ -19734,19 +19856,19 @@ @book{bib2223 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib2224, +@misc{bib2237, author = {Doneux, Jean-Léonce}, title = {La place de la langue buy dans le groupe atlantique de la famille kongo-kordofan}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib2225, +@misc{bib2238, author = {Doneux, J. 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R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -19788,7 +19910,7 @@ @incollection{bib2230 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib2231, +@misc{bib2244, author = {Donlay, Chris}, institution = {San Jose State University}, local_ids = {99471}, @@ -19796,7 +19918,7 @@ @misc{bib2231 year = {2019} } -@article{bib2232, +@article{bib2245, author = {Donnelly, Simon}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99298}, @@ -19807,21 +19929,21 @@ @article{bib2232 year = {1999} } -@book{bib2233, +@book{bib2246, author = {Donner, K.}, publisher = {Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura}, title = {Ketica}, year = {1955} } -@misc{bib2234, +@misc{bib2247, author = {Donohue, Mark}, local_ids = {98986}, title = {A grammar of the Skou language of New Guinea}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib2235, +@incollection{bib2248, author = {Donohue, Mark}, editor = {Pawley, Andrew and Ross, Malcolm and Tryon, D.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -19833,7 +19955,7 @@ @incollection{bib2235 year = {2001} } -@article{bib2236, +@article{bib2249, author = {Donohue, Mark}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {73-89}, @@ -19842,7 +19964,7 @@ @article{bib2236 year = {1998} } -@article{bib2237, +@article{bib2250, author = {Donohue, Mark and Gautam, Bhojraj}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {152-157}, @@ -19851,7 +19973,7 @@ @article{bib2237 year = {2014} } -@article{bib2238, +@article{bib2251, author = {Donohue, Mark and Gautam, Bhojraj}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {38-47}, @@ -19860,7 +19982,7 @@ @article{bib2238 year = {2013} } -@article{bib2239, +@article{bib2252, author = {Donohue, Mark}, journal = {Language and Linguistics in Melanesia}, pages = {101-118}, @@ -19869,7 +19991,7 @@ @article{bib2239 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2240, +@book{bib2253, author = {Donohue, Mark and Roque, Lila San}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {98970}, @@ -19880,20 +20002,20 @@ @book{bib2240 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib2241, +@misc{bib2254, author = {Donohue, Mark}, title = {Kusunda linguistics}, url = {http://kusunda.linguistics.anu.edu.au/}, year = {2013} } -@misc{bib2242, +@misc{bib2255, author = {Donohue, Mark}, title = {Lepki}, year = {no date} } -@article{bib2243, +@article{bib2256, author = {Donohue and Mark and Gautam and Bhojraj and Pokharel, Madhav}, journal = {Language}, number = {3}, @@ -19903,7 +20025,7 @@ @article{bib2243 year = {2014} } -@article{bib2244, +@article{bib2257, author = {Donohue, Mark}, journal = {Electronic Edition 1}, title = {Palu'e Dictionary}, @@ -19911,13 +20033,13 @@ @article{bib2244 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib2245, +@misc{bib2258, author = {Donohue, Mark}, title = {The Languages of Wasur National Park, Irian Jaya}, year = {no date} } -@incollection{bib2246, +@incollection{bib2259, author = {Donohue, Mark}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -19928,13 +20050,13 @@ @incollection{bib2246 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2247, +@misc{bib2260, author = {Donohue, Mark and Schapper, Antoinette}, title = {Towards a morphological history of the languages of Timor, Alor, and Pantar}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib2248, +@book{bib2261, author = {Donohue, Mark}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -19947,13 +20069,13 @@ @book{bib2248 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib2249, +@misc{bib2262, author = {Clouse, Duane and Donohue, Mark and Ma, Felix}, title = {Survey report of the north coast of Irian Jaya}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib2250, +@article{bib2263, author = {Donwa-Ifode, S. 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C.}, publisher = {Institute for Advanced Studies}, title = {East Sutherland Gaelic}, year = {1978} } -@misc{bib2259, +@misc{bib2272, author = {Dorigo de Carvalho, Carmen Teresa}, title = {A Decodificação da Estrutura Frasal em Matsés}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib2260, +@misc{bib2273, author = {Dorigo de Carvalho, Carmen Teresa}, title = {Fonologia Matsés: uma análise baseada em restrições}, year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2261, +@incollection{bib2274, author = {Dorje, Tshering}, editor = {Sengupta, Kamalini}, booktitle = {Endangered Languages in India}, @@ -20056,7 +20178,7 @@ @incollection{bib2261 year = {2009} } -@article{bib2262, +@article{bib2275, author = {Dorji, Jagar}, journal = {Journal of Bhutan Studies}, local_ids = {98086}, @@ -20067,14 +20189,14 @@ @article{bib2262 year = {2011} } -@book{bib2263, +@book{bib2276, author = {Dorji, Jagar}, publisher = {a tribal community in south western Bhutan, and its survival through time Paro: National Institute of Education}, title = {Lhop: a tribal community in south western Bhutan, and its survival through time}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib2264, +@article{bib2277, author = {Dornan, Samuel Shaw}, journal = {South African Journal of Science}, pages = {218-225}, @@ -20083,7 +20205,7 @@ @article{bib2264 year = {1911} } -@article{bib2265, +@article{bib2278, author = {Dornan, Samuel Shaw}, journal = {The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {37-112}, @@ -20092,7 +20214,7 @@ @article{bib2265 year = {1917} } -@book{bib2266, +@book{bib2279, author = {Dorsey, James Owen}, pages = {xviii+794}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, @@ -20102,7 +20224,7 @@ @book{bib2266 year = {1890} } -@book{bib2267, +@book{bib2280, author = {Dorvlo, Kofi}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {A Grammar of Logba (Ikpana)}, @@ -20110,7 +20232,7 @@ @book{bib2267 year = {2008} } -@article{bib2268, +@article{bib2281, author = {Douet, M. L.}, journal = {L'Éthnographie, N.S.}, pages = {15-32}, @@ -20119,7 +20241,7 @@ @article{bib2268 year = {1914} } -@article{bib2269, +@article{bib2282, author = {Douet, L.}, journal = {L’ethnographie}, pages = {15-32}, @@ -20128,7 +20250,7 @@ @article{bib2269 year = {1914} } -@misc{bib2270, +@misc{bib2283, author = {Dougherty, Thomas}, local_ids = {98031}, month = {May 24}, @@ -20136,7 +20258,7 @@ @misc{bib2270 year = {2014} } -@book{bib2271, +@book{bib2284, author = {Douglas, Wilfrid H.}, publisher = {The University of Sydney, Australia}, series = {Oceania Linguistics Monographs}, @@ -20145,7 +20267,7 @@ @book{bib2271 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib2272, +@incollection{bib2285, author = {Douglas, Wilfrid H.}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -20154,14 +20276,14 @@ @incollection{bib2272 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib2273, +@misc{bib2286, author = {Dourado, Luciana Gonçalves}, pages = {xv+240}, title = {Aspectos morfossintáticos da língua Panará (Jê)}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib2274, +@book{bib2287, author = {Doyle, Aidan}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -20170,7 +20292,7 @@ @book{bib2274 year = {2001} } -@book{bib2275, +@book{bib2288, author = {Dpal-ldan-bkra-shis and Slater, Keith and et al.}, publisher = {Sino-Platonic papers .}, title = {Language Materials of China’s Monguor Minority: Huzhu Mongghul and Minhe Mangghuer}, @@ -20178,7 +20300,7 @@ @book{bib2275 year = {1996} } -@article{bib2276, +@article{bib2289, author = {Drabbe, Peter}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {545-574}, @@ -20187,7 +20309,7 @@ @article{bib2276 year = {1950} } -@book{bib2277, +@book{bib2290, author = {Drabbe, Peter}, address = {Posieux/Fribourg}, publisher = {Instituut Anthropos}, @@ -20197,14 +20319,14 @@ @book{bib2277 year = {1954} } -@book{bib2278, +@book{bib2291, author = {Drake, John}, publisher = {Baptist Mission Press}, title = {A Grammar of the Kurku Language}, year = {1903} } -@article{bib2279, +@article{bib2292, author = {Drexel, Albert}, journal = {Bibl. africana}, pages = {51-58}, @@ -20213,7 +20335,7 @@ @article{bib2279 year = {1929/30} } -@article{bib2280, +@article{bib2293, author = {Drexel, Albert}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {72-108, map}, @@ -20222,7 +20344,7 @@ @article{bib2280 year = {1921/22} } -@article{bib2281, +@article{bib2294, author = {Driberg, Jack H.}, journal = {Sudan notes and records}, pages = {208-222}, @@ -20231,7 +20353,7 @@ @article{bib2281 year = {1922} } -@article{bib2282, +@article{bib2295, author = {Driberg, Jack H.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {7-9 (art. 3}, @@ -20240,7 +20362,7 @@ @article{bib2282 year = {1931} } -@article{bib2283, +@article{bib2296, author = {Driberg, Jack H.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {141-143 (art. 94}, @@ -20249,7 +20371,7 @@ @article{bib2283 year = {1927} } -@book{bib2284, +@book{bib2297, author = {Driberg, Jack H.}, pages = {338}, publisher = {George Routledge & Sons}, @@ -20257,7 +20379,7 @@ @book{bib2284 year = {1930} } -@article{bib2285, +@article{bib2298, author = {Driberg, Jack H.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {101-102 (art. 110}, @@ -20266,7 +20388,7 @@ @article{bib2285 year = {1935} } -@article{bib2286, +@article{bib2299, author = {Driberg, J. 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Klincksieck}, @@ -20473,7 +20595,7 @@ @book{bib2308 year = {1971} } -@article{bib2309, +@article{bib2322, author = {Ducos, Gisèle E.}, journal = {Journal of African languages}, number = {1}, @@ -20483,13 +20605,13 @@ @article{bib2309 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib2310, +@misc{bib2323, author = {Dueñas, R. 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F.}, address = {East Lansing, Michigan}, publisher = {African Studies Center, Michigan State University}, @@ -20607,7 +20729,7 @@ @book{bib2325 year = {1968} } -@book{bib2326, +@book{bib2339, author = {Dunn, John Asher}, address = {Mercury Series}, publisher = {National Museum of Man}, @@ -20617,13 +20739,13 @@ @book{bib2326 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib2327, +@misc{bib2340, author = {Dunn, L.}, title = {Badimaya, a Western Australian language}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib2328, +@incollection{bib2341, author = {Dunn, Leone}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 17 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {19-149}, @@ -20633,20 +20755,20 @@ @incollection{bib2328 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib2329, +@misc{bib2342, author = {Dunn, John Asher}, title = {Coast Tsimshian Phonology}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib2330, +@book{bib2343, author = {Dunn, John Asher}, publisher = {University of Washington Press / Sealaska Heritage Fondation}, title = {Sm'algyax: a reference dictionary and grammar for the Coast Tsimshian language}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib2331, +@book{bib2344, author = {Dunn, John A.}, address = {Washington D. C}, publisher = {University of Washington Press}, @@ -20654,7 +20776,7 @@ @book{bib2331 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2332, +@incollection{bib2345, author = {Lindström, Eva and Terrill, Angela and Reesink, Ger and Dunn, Michael}, editor = {Friedlaender, Jonathan S.}, booktitle = {Population genetics, linguistics and Culture History in the Southwest Pacific Human Evolution Series}, @@ -20664,7 +20786,7 @@ @incollection{bib2332 year = {2007} } -@article{bib2333, +@article{bib2346, author = {Dupire, Marguerite}, journal = {L’homme}, number = {81}, @@ -20674,7 +20796,7 @@ @article{bib2333 year = {1982} } -@article{bib2334, +@article{bib2347, author = {Duponceau, Peter S.}, journal = {Transaction of the American Philosophical Society}, pages = {65-251}, @@ -20683,7 +20805,7 @@ @article{bib2334 year = {1830} } -@article{bib2335, +@article{bib2348, author = {Dupouy, Walter}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {83-85}, @@ -20692,13 +20814,13 @@ @article{bib2335 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib2336, +@misc{bib2349, author = {Duran, Iris Rodrigues}, title = {Descrição fonológica e lexical do dialeto Kaw Tayo (Kujubi) da língua Moré}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib2337, +@incollection{bib2350, author = {Durbin, Marshall}, editor = {Basso, Ellen B.}, address = {Tucson, Arizona}, @@ -20710,7 +20832,7 @@ @incollection{bib2337 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib2338, +@incollection{bib2351, author = {Durbin, Marshall}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -20719,7 +20841,7 @@ @incollection{bib2338 year = {1985} } -@article{bib2339, +@article{bib2352, author = {Durbin, Marshall and Seijas, Haydée}, journal = {Atti del XL Congresso Internazionale degli Americanisti}, pages = {69-77}, @@ -20728,7 +20850,7 @@ @article{bib2339 year = {1972} } -@book{bib2340, +@book{bib2353, author = {Dutra, Carlos Alberto dos Santos}, address = {Campo Grande}, pages = {291}, @@ -20737,20 +20859,20 @@ @book{bib2340 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib2341, +@misc{bib2354, author = {Dutra, Carlos Alberto dos Santos}, title = {O Terriório Ofaié pelos Caminhos da História: Reencontro e Trajetória de um Povo}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib2342, +@book{bib2355, author = {Dutton, Thomas E.}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, the Australian National University}, title = {A First Dictionary of Koiari}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib2343, +@incollection{bib2356, author = {Dutton, Tom E.}, editor = {Dutton, Tom E.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -20762,7 +20884,7 @@ @incollection{bib2343 year = {1975} } -@book{bib2344, +@book{bib2357, author = {Dutton, Tom E.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -20772,7 +20894,7 @@ @book{bib2344 year = {1996} } -@article{bib2345, +@article{bib2358, author = {Dutton, T. E.}, journal = {Journal of the Papua and New Guinea Society}, number = {1}, @@ -20782,7 +20904,7 @@ @article{bib2345 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib2346, +@incollection{bib2359, author = {Dutton, T. E.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -20794,7 +20916,7 @@ @incollection{bib2346 year = {1976} } -@article{bib2347, +@article{bib2360, author = {Dutton, Tom}, journal = {Kivung}, number = {1}, @@ -20804,7 +20926,7 @@ @article{bib2347 year = {1979} } -@book{bib2348, +@book{bib2361, author = {Dutton, Tom E.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -20813,7 +20935,7 @@ @book{bib2348 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib2349, +@incollection{bib2362, author = {Dwivedi, Amitabh Vikram}, booktitle = {A grammar of Bhadarwahi Language of the World/Materials 495}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -20821,14 +20943,14 @@ @incollection{bib2349 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2350, +@book{bib2363, author = {Dwyer, Arienne M.}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Salar: a study in inner Asian language contact processes}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib2351, +@article{bib2364, author = {Dye, T. Wayne and Dye, Sally Folger}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99009}, @@ -20839,7 +20961,7 @@ @article{bib2351 year = {2012} } -@book{bib2352, +@book{bib2365, author = {Dyer, D. L.}, address = {Lewiston}, publisher = {The Edwin Mellen Press}, @@ -20849,34 +20971,34 @@ @book{bib2352 year = {1999} } -@book{bib2353, +@book{bib2366, author = {Dyk, W.}, publisher = {Yale University Press}, title = {A grammar of Wishram}, year = {1933} } -@misc{bib2354, +@misc{bib2367, author = {Dyk, P.R. van}, title = {’n Studie van Lala: sy fonologie, morfologie en sintaksis}, year = {1960} } -@book{bib2355, +@book{bib2368, author = {Dyrenkova, N. P.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Grammatika ojrotskogo jazyka}, year = {1940} } -@book{bib2356, +@book{bib2369, author = {Dyrenkova, N. P.}, publisher = {Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Grammatika shorskogo jazyka}, year = {1941} } -@incollection{bib2357, +@incollection{bib2370, author = {Dyson, Tim}, editor = {Fyfe, Christopher and McMaster, David N.}, booktitle = {African historical demography: proceedings of a seminar held in the Centre of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, 29th and 30th April 1977}, @@ -20885,7 +21007,7 @@ @incollection{bib2357 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib2358, +@incollection{bib2371, author = {Dzhejranishvili, E. F.}, editor = {Bokarev, E. A. and Lomtatidze, K. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 4: Iberijsko-kavkazskie jazyki}, @@ -20894,7 +21016,7 @@ @incollection{bib2358 year = {1967} } -@book{bib2359, +@book{bib2372, author = {Dávila Rengifo, Hiliador and Panduro, Hernando Picón}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüistico de Verano}, series = {Documento de trabajo}, @@ -20903,7 +21025,7 @@ @book{bib2359 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib2360, +@incollection{bib2373, author = {Décobert, Christian}, address = {N'Djaména}, booktitle = {L'Homme et le milieu: Aspects du développement au Tchad I.~Rapports d'enquête 1973-1975 Annales de l'Université du Tchad Série I: Lettres, Langues Vivantes et Sciences Humaines}, @@ -20914,7 +21036,7 @@ @incollection{bib2360 year = {1975} } -@article{bib2361, +@article{bib2374, author = {Díaz, Gabriel}, journal = {Artículos en Lingüística y Campos Afines}, pages = {1-7}, @@ -20923,13 +21045,13 @@ @article{bib2361 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib2362, +@misc{bib2375, author = {Díaz, Diana Vilera}, title = {Introducción morfológica de la lengua Hödi}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib2363, +@misc{bib2376, author = {Döhler, Christian}, institution = {The Language Archive at the Max Planck Institute}, local_ids = {99275}, @@ -20938,7 +21060,7 @@ @misc{bib2363 year = {n.d.} } -@incollection{bib2364, +@incollection{bib2377, author = {Eachus, Francis and Carlson, Ruth}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Guatemala}, @@ -20947,7 +21069,7 @@ @incollection{bib2364 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib2365, +@incollection{bib2378, author = {Eades, Diana}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 1}, @@ -20956,7 +21078,7 @@ @incollection{bib2365 year = {1979} } -@article{bib2366, +@article{bib2379, author = {Eades, Dianne}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {179-192}, @@ -20965,7 +21087,7 @@ @article{bib2366 year = {1977} } -@book{bib2367, +@book{bib2380, author = {Eades, Diana}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, @@ -20977,7 +21099,7 @@ @book{bib2367 year = {1976} } -@book{bib2368, +@book{bib2381, author = {Eakin, Lucille}, pages = {194}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -20987,7 +21109,7 @@ @book{bib2368 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib2369, +@incollection{bib2382, author = {Eastman, Robert and Eastman, Elizabeth}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola G.}, booktitle = {Studies in Peruvian Indian Languages 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -20998,13 +21120,13 @@ @incollection{bib2369 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib2370, +@misc{bib2383, author = {Eather, Bronwyn}, title = {A Grammar of Nakkara (Central Arnhem Land Coast)}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib2371, +@book{bib2384, author = {Eaton, Helen Catherine}, address = {Dallas}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -21016,7 +21138,7 @@ @book{bib2371 year = {2010} } -@article{bib2372, +@article{bib2385, author = {Eaton, Helen Catherine}, journal = {Occasional papers in linguistics (OPiL)}, pages = {9-37}, @@ -21025,7 +21147,7 @@ @article{bib2372 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib2373, +@incollection{bib2386, author = {Eaton, Helen Catherine}, editor = {Ermisch, Sonja}, booktitle = {Khoisan languages and linguistics: proceedings of the 2nd international symposium, January 8-12, 2006, Riezlern/Kleinwalsertal Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung (Research in Khoisan studies), #22}, @@ -21035,19 +21157,19 @@ @incollection{bib2373 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib2374, +@misc{bib2387, author = {Eaton, Helen}, title = {Sandawe Grammar}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2375, +@misc{bib2388, author = {Eaton, Helen Catherine}, title = {The grammar of focus in Sandawe}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib2376, +@article{bib2389, author = {Eaton, Helen Catherine}, journal = {Reading working papers in linguistics}, pages = {113-135}, @@ -21056,7 +21178,7 @@ @article{bib2376 year = {2001} } -@book{bib2377, +@book{bib2390, author = {Eatough, Andrew}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -21066,7 +21188,7 @@ @book{bib2377 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2378, +@incollection{bib2391, author = {Ebata, Fuyuki}, editor = {Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro}, booktitle = {Grammatical Sketches from the Field}, @@ -21075,14 +21197,14 @@ @incollection{bib2378 year = {2011} } -@book{bib2379, +@book{bib2392, author = {Ebbing, Juan Enrique}, publisher = {Don Bosco}, title = {Gramatica y diccionario aimara}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib2380, +@book{bib2393, author = {Eberhard and M., David and Simons, Gary F. and and Fennig, Charles D.}, address = {Dallas}, local_ids = {99528}, @@ -21091,7 +21213,7 @@ @book{bib2380 year = {2020} } -@book{bib2381, +@book{bib2394, author = {Eberhard, David M.}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {Mamaindê Grammar: A Northern Nambikwara language and its cultural context}, @@ -21099,7 +21221,7 @@ @book{bib2381 year = {2009} } -@book{bib2382, +@book{bib2395, author = {Ebert, Karen H.}, address = {München}, local_ids = {98142}, @@ -21110,7 +21232,7 @@ @book{bib2382 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib2383, +@incollection{bib2396, author = {Ebert, Karen H.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -21121,7 +21243,7 @@ @incollection{bib2383 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2384, +@book{bib2397, author = {Ebert, Karen}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -21131,7 +21253,7 @@ @book{bib2384 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib2385, +@incollection{bib2398, author = {Ebert, Karen H.}, address = {München}, booktitle = {Camling texts and glossary Languages of the World : Text Collections}, @@ -21141,7 +21263,7 @@ @incollection{bib2385 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib2386, +@incollection{bib2399, author = {Ebert, Karen H.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -21152,7 +21274,7 @@ @incollection{bib2386 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2387, +@book{bib2400, author = {Ebert, Karen Heide}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -21161,7 +21283,7 @@ @book{bib2387 year = {1996} } -@book{bib2388, +@book{bib2401, author = {Ebert, Karen}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -21171,7 +21293,7 @@ @book{bib2388 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib2389, +@incollection{bib2402, author = {Echeverri, Juan Alvaro}, editor = {Seifart and Frank and Fagua, D. and Gasché, J. and and Echeverri, J.A.}, booktitle = {A multimedia documentation of the languages of the People of the Center}, @@ -21183,7 +21305,7 @@ @incollection{bib2389 year = {2009} } -@article{bib2390, +@article{bib2403, author = {Echeverrı?a, M. S. and Contreras, H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -21193,7 +21315,7 @@ @article{bib2390 year = {1965} } -@book{bib2391, +@book{bib2404, author = {Eckendorf, J.J.}, pages = {20}, publisher = {Centre Culturel St.-Exupéry}, @@ -21201,7 +21323,7 @@ @book{bib2391 year = {1946} } -@misc{bib2392, +@misc{bib2405, author = {Eckerman, Diane and Eckerman, William}, institution = {SIL}, local_ids = {94323}, @@ -21210,7 +21332,7 @@ @misc{bib2392 year = {2000} } -@book{bib2393, +@book{bib2406, author = {Eckermann, William}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -21220,21 +21342,21 @@ @book{bib2393 year = {2007} } -@book{bib2394, +@book{bib2407, author = {Eckert, Paul and Hudson, Joyce}, publisher = {Aboriginal Studies and Teacher Education Centre}, title = {Wangka Wiru: A Handbook for the Pitjantjajara Language Learner}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib2395, +@book{bib2408, author = {Eckert, Paul and Hudson, Joyce}, publisher = {University of South Australia}, title = {Wangkawiru: A handbook for the Pitjantjatjara language learner}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib2396, +@article{bib2409, author = {Edel'man, D.I.}, journal = {Encyclopedia Iranica}, local_ids = {95840}, @@ -21244,7 +21366,7 @@ @article{bib2396 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2397, +@incollection{bib2410, author = {Edelman and D. and and Dodykhudoeva, Leila R.}, editor = {Windfuhr, Gernot}, booktitle = {The Iranian Languages}, @@ -21256,7 +21378,7 @@ @incollection{bib2397 year = {2009} } -@article{bib2398, +@article{bib2411, author = {Edenmyr, Niklas}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Africa & Asia: Göteborg working papers on Asian and African languages and literatures}, @@ -21268,13 +21390,13 @@ @article{bib2398 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib2399, +@misc{bib2412, author = {Edgar, John T.}, title = {Unpublished materials on Masalit collected from multiple informants}, year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib2400, +@incollection{bib2413, author = {Edgerton, Faye}, editor = {Hoijer and Harry and et al.}, booktitle = {Studies in Athapaskan Languages University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -21285,7 +21407,7 @@ @incollection{bib2400 year = {1963} } -@article{bib2401, +@article{bib2414, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {133-159}, @@ -21294,7 +21416,7 @@ @article{bib2401 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2402, +@incollection{bib2415, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A.}, editor = {et al., Anthony V. N. Diller}, address = {London}, @@ -21307,7 +21429,7 @@ @incollection{bib2402 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib2403, +@incollection{bib2416, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A.}, editor = {Diller, Anthony V. N. and Edmondson, Jerold A. and Luo, Yongxian}, booktitle = {The Tai-Kadai Languages}, @@ -21316,7 +21438,7 @@ @incollection{bib2403 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2404, +@misc{bib2417, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A.}, pages = {1-13}, title = {The Central and Southern Loloish languages of Vietnam}, @@ -21324,7 +21446,7 @@ @misc{bib2404 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib2405, +@incollection{bib2418, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A.}, editor = {McElhanon, Kenneth A. and Reesink, Ger}, booktitle = {A Mosaic of Languages and Cultures}, @@ -21338,7 +21460,7 @@ @incollection{bib2405 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2406, +@incollection{bib2419, author = {Edmonson, Munro S.}, editor = {McQuown, Norman A.}, address = {Austin}, @@ -21350,7 +21472,7 @@ @incollection{bib2406 year = {1967} } -@article{bib2407, +@article{bib2420, author = {Edwards, Owen}, journal = {NUSA}, local_ids = {99664}, @@ -21363,7 +21485,7 @@ @article{bib2407 year = {2018} } -@article{bib2408, +@article{bib2421, author = {Edwards, W. F.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {77-84}, @@ -21372,7 +21494,7 @@ @article{bib2408 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2409, +@book{bib2422, author = {Efebo, L.A.}, publisher = {Univ. of Ibadan}, series = {Occasional papers from the Inst. of African Studies (IAS), #6}, @@ -21380,19 +21502,19 @@ @book{bib2409 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib2410, +@misc{bib2423, author = {Efere, Emmanuel Efereala}, title = {Pitch accent in the Bumo and Nembe dialects of Ijo}, year = {1981} } -@misc{bib2411, +@misc{bib2424, author = {Efere, Emmanuel Efereala}, title = {Reduction trends in a vowel harmony system: evidence from the comparative analysis of three Izon dialects}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib2412, +@incollection{bib2425, author = {Efere, Emmanuel Efereala}, editor = {Emenanjo, Emmanuel ’Nolue and Ndimele, Ozo-mekuri}, booktitle = {Issues in African languages and linguistics: essays in honour of Kay Williamson Special issue of Nigerian language studies}, @@ -21402,13 +21524,13 @@ @incollection{bib2412 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib2413, +@misc{bib2426, author = {Efere, Emmanuel Efereala}, title = {The pitch system of the Bumo dialect of Izon}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib2414, +@article{bib2427, author = {Efere, Emmanuel Efereala}, journal = {UBC (Univ. of British Columbia) working papers in linguistics}, pages = {(?}, @@ -21417,14 +21539,14 @@ @article{bib2414 year = {2001} } -@book{bib2415, +@book{bib2428, author = {Efimov, V. A.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Iazyk Ormuri: v sinkhronnom i istoricheskom osveshchenii}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2416, +@incollection{bib2429, author = {Efimov, V. A.}, editor = {Rastorgueva, V. S.}, booktitle = {Èvoljucija grammaticheskix kategorij Opyt istoriko-tipologicheskogo issledovanija iranskix jazykov}, @@ -21435,14 +21557,14 @@ @incollection{bib2416 year = {1975} } -@book{bib2417, +@book{bib2430, author = {Egberipou, O.A. and Williamson, Kay [Ruth] [Margaret]}, publisher = {Riverside Publ.}, title = {Izon tolumo / Learn Izon}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2418, +@incollection{bib2431, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, Terry M. and Egesdal, Steven M.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -21454,14 +21576,14 @@ @incollection{bib2418 year = {1996} } -@book{bib2419, +@book{bib2432, author = {Eghtedari, A.}, publisher = {Hamsaye Publication}, title = {. Zabane Larestani: Jostari dar zaban va farhange mardom [The Larestani language: A research in people language and culture]}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib2420, +@article{bib2433, author = {Ehrenreich, Paul}, journal = {Petermanns Geographische Mittheilungen}, pages = {81-89, 114-124}, @@ -21470,7 +21592,7 @@ @article{bib2420 year = {1891} } -@incollection{bib2421, +@incollection{bib2434, author = {Ehrenreich, P.}, booktitle = {Festschrift für Adolf Bastian zu seinem 70. Geburtstage 26. Juni 1896. Gewidmet von seinen Freuden und Verehrern Berlin}, pages = {605-630}, @@ -21478,7 +21600,7 @@ @incollection{bib2421 year = {1896} } -@article{bib2422, +@article{bib2435, author = {Ehrenreich, P.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {20-37, 49-60}, @@ -21487,7 +21609,7 @@ @article{bib2422 year = {1894} } -@article{bib2423, +@article{bib2436, author = {Ehrenreich, P.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {115-137}, @@ -21496,7 +21618,7 @@ @article{bib2423 year = {1894} } -@article{bib2424, +@article{bib2437, author = {Ehrenreich, Paul}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {149-162}, @@ -21505,7 +21627,7 @@ @article{bib2424 year = {1895} } -@article{bib2425, +@article{bib2438, author = {Ehrenreich, Paul}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {163-168}, @@ -21514,7 +21636,7 @@ @article{bib2425 year = {1895} } -@article{bib2426, +@article{bib2439, author = {Ehrenreich, Paul}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {168-176}, @@ -21523,7 +21645,7 @@ @article{bib2426 year = {1895} } -@incollection{bib2427, +@incollection{bib2440, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, editor = {Nicolaï, Robert and Rottland, Franz}, address = {Köln}, @@ -21535,7 +21657,7 @@ @incollection{bib2427 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2428, +@incollection{bib2441, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, editor = {Nicolaï, Robert and Rottland, Franz}, booktitle = {Actes du 5ème colloque de linguistique nilo-saharienne, 24-29 août 1992 / Proceedings of the 5th Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, August 24th-29th, 1992, Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA), #10}, @@ -21545,7 +21667,7 @@ @incollection{bib2428 year = {1995} } -@book{bib2429, +@book{bib2442, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, pages = {95}, publisher = {East African Publ. House}, @@ -21554,7 +21676,7 @@ @book{bib2429 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib2430, +@incollection{bib2443, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, editor = {Hess, Robert L.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Ethiopian Studies: Session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA}, @@ -21563,7 +21685,7 @@ @incollection{bib2430 year = {1978} } -@article{bib2431, +@article{bib2444, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -21573,7 +21695,7 @@ @article{bib2431 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2432, +@incollection{bib2445, author = {Ehret, C.}, editor = {Ehret, C. and Posnansky, M.}, booktitle = {The Archeological and Linguistic Reconstruction of African History}, @@ -21582,13 +21704,13 @@ @incollection{bib2432 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib2433, +@misc{bib2446, author = {Ehret, Christopher}, title = {Unpublished noted on Shabo}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2434, +@incollection{bib2447, author = {Ehret, C.}, editor = {Takács, Gábor}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -21600,14 +21722,14 @@ @incollection{bib2434 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2435, +@misc{bib2448, author = {Ehrman, Susan Barbara}, pages = {224}, title = {Wayuunaiki: A Grammar of Guajiro}, year = {1972} } -@article{bib2436, +@article{bib2449, author = {Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {137-144}, @@ -21616,34 +21738,34 @@ @article{bib2436 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib2437, +@misc{bib2450, author = {Elango, Lovett Zephariah}, title = {Britain and Bimbia in the nineteenth century, 1833-1878: a study in Anglo-Bimbian trade and diplomatic relations}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib2438, +@book{bib2451, author = {Elbert, Samuel. H. and Keala, S. A.}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Conversational Hawaiian}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib2439, +@book{bib2452, author = {Elbert, Samuel H. and Pukui, Mary Kawena}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Hawaiian Grammar}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib2440, +@book{bib2453, author = {Elbert, Samuel H.}, publisher = {The Australian National University}, title = {Puluwat Dictionary}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib2441, +@book{bib2454, author = {Elbert, Samuel H.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -21653,7 +21775,7 @@ @book{bib2441 year = {1974} } -@article{bib2442, +@article{bib2455, author = {Elderkin, Edward Derek}, journal = {York papers in linguistics}, pages = {93-115}, @@ -21662,7 +21784,7 @@ @article{bib2442 year = {1991} } -@article{bib2443, +@article{bib2456, author = {Elderkin, E. D.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -21672,7 +21794,7 @@ @article{bib2443 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2444, +@incollection{bib2457, author = {Elderkin, Edward D.}, address = {London}, booktitle = {The Bantu Languages}, @@ -21684,7 +21806,7 @@ @incollection{bib2444 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2445, +@book{bib2458, author = {Elderkin, Edward Derek}, pages = {8, 53}, publisher = {Univ. of Dar es Salaam}, @@ -21693,7 +21815,7 @@ @book{bib2445 year = {1978} } -@article{bib2446, +@article{bib2459, author = {Elderkin, E. D.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {67-82}, @@ -21702,7 +21824,7 @@ @article{bib2446 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib2447, +@incollection{bib2460, author = {Güldemann, T. and Elderkin, E. D.}, editor = {Brenzinger, M. and König, C.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -21713,7 +21835,7 @@ @incollection{bib2447 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2448, +@article{bib2461, author = {Elderkin, Edward Derek}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {111-129}, @@ -21722,7 +21844,7 @@ @article{bib2448 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib2449, +@incollection{bib2462, author = {Elderkin, Edward D.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer}, booktitle = {The Khoesan Languages}, @@ -21731,7 +21853,7 @@ @incollection{bib2449 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib2450, +@incollection{bib2463, author = {Elderkin, Edward Derek}, editor = {Schladt, Mathias}, booktitle = {Language, identity and conceptualization among the Khoisan Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung (Research in Khoisan studies), #15}, @@ -21742,7 +21864,7 @@ @incollection{bib2450 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib2451, +@incollection{bib2464, author = {Elderkin, E. D.}, editor = {Vossen, R. and Bechhaus-Gerst, M.}, booktitle = {Nilotic Studies. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Languages and History of the Nilotic Peoples Kölner Beiträge zur Afrikanistik}, @@ -21753,7 +21875,7 @@ @incollection{bib2451 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib2452, +@incollection{bib2465, author = {Elderkin, E. D.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer and Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -21765,26 +21887,26 @@ @incollection{bib2452 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib2453, +@misc{bib2466, author = {Elderkin, Edward Derek}, title = {The significance and origin of the use of pitch in Sandawe}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib2454, +@misc{bib2467, author = {Elders, Stefan}, title = {Présentation du bangeri me}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib2455, +@book{bib2468, author = {Elford, Leon W. and Elford, Marjorie}, publisher = {Northern Canada Evangelical Mission}, title = {English-Chipewyan Dictionary}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib2456, +@book{bib2469, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C. and Elias, Philip}, address = {Tervuren}, local_ids = {1821}, @@ -21796,7 +21918,7 @@ @book{bib2456 year = {1979} } -@book{bib2457, +@book{bib2470, author = {Elkins, Richard E.}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -21805,14 +21927,14 @@ @book{bib2457 year = {1970} } -@book{bib2458, +@book{bib2471, author = {Elkins, Richard E.}, publisher = {The University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Manobo-English Dictionary}, year = {1968} } -@misc{bib2459, +@misc{bib2472, author = {Elliot, John A.}, local_ids = {99596}, school = {University of Hawai'i at Mānoa}, @@ -21820,13 +21942,13 @@ @misc{bib2459 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib2460, +@misc{bib2473, author = {Elliott, E. B.}, title = {Dictionary of Rincón Luiseño}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib2461, +@article{bib2474, author = {Ellis, D. B.}, journal = {Sarawak Museum Journal}, pages = {235-300}, @@ -21835,21 +21957,21 @@ @article{bib2461 year = {1972} } -@book{bib2462, +@book{bib2475, author = {Ellis, C. Douglas}, publisher = {Alberta Department of Education}, title = {Spoken Cree}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib2463, +@book{bib2476, author = {Ellis, C. Douglas}, publisher = {Pica Pica Press}, title = {Spoken Cree}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib2464, +@incollection{bib2477, author = {Elsasser, Albert B.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -21860,7 +21982,7 @@ @incollection{bib2464 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2465, +@book{bib2478, author = {Elsing, Evelyn}, address = {München}, pages = {341}, @@ -21871,7 +21993,7 @@ @book{bib2465 year = {1997} } -@article{bib2466, +@article{bib2479, author = {Elson, Benjamin F. and Gutiérrez G., Donaciano}, journal = {Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas "Mariano Silva y Aceves"}, pages = {xv+190}, @@ -21881,7 +22003,7 @@ @article{bib2466 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2467, +@incollection{bib2480, author = {Elson, Benjamin}, editor = {McQuown, N. A.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Middle American Indians 5}, @@ -21890,7 +22012,7 @@ @incollection{bib2467 year = {1967} } -@article{bib2468, +@article{bib2481, author = {Elson, Benjamin}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {13-17}, @@ -21899,21 +22021,21 @@ @article{bib2468 year = {1947} } -@book{bib2469, +@book{bib2482, author = {Emeneau, Murray B.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Kota texts 1}, year = {1944} } -@book{bib2470, +@book{bib2483, author = {Emeneau, M. B.}, publisher = {American Philosophical Society}, title = {Toda Grammar and Texts}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib2471, +@incollection{bib2484, author = {Emkow, Carola}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -21926,7 +22048,7 @@ @incollection{bib2471 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2472, +@article{bib2485, author = {Emmerich, Charlotte and Monserrat, Ruth M.F. and Emmerich, Charlotte and Monserrat, Ruth M.F.}, journal = {Boletim do Museu do Indio, Serie Antropologia}, pages = {1-45}, @@ -21935,7 +22057,7 @@ @article{bib2472 year = {1975} } -@book{bib2473, +@book{bib2486, author = {Endle, S.}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Press}, @@ -21943,13 +22065,13 @@ @book{bib2473 year = {1884} } -@misc{bib2474, +@misc{bib2487, author = {Enfield, Nick J.}, title = {Sketch of Kàr`ì, a Vietic Language of Laos}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib2475, +@book{bib2488, author = {England, Nora C.}, address = {Austin}, publisher = {University of Texas Press}, @@ -21958,7 +22080,7 @@ @book{bib2475 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib2476, +@misc{bib2489, author = {England, Nora}, local_ids = {24710}, title = {"Documentation of Under-Represented Genres of Passamaquoddy-Maliseet Linguistic Practice" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -21966,7 +22088,7 @@ @misc{bib2476 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib2477, +@misc{bib2490, author = {England, Nora}, local_ids = {24820}, title = {"Iquito Language Documentation Project" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -21974,7 +22096,7 @@ @misc{bib2477 year = {2003} } -@article{bib2478, +@article{bib2491, author = {Enrico, John}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -21984,7 +22106,7 @@ @article{bib2478 year = {2004} } -@article{bib2479, +@article{bib2492, author = {Eppele, John}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Journal}, @@ -21996,13 +22118,13 @@ @article{bib2479 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2480, +@misc{bib2493, author = {Epple, Susanne}, title = {Life in Gunne: social relationships in a village in Bashada, south Ethiopia}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib2481, +@misc{bib2494, author = {Epple, Susanne}, pages = {383-406}, title = {Missionierung und kultureller Wandel: Die Christianisierung der Banna in Südäthiopien}, @@ -22010,7 +22132,7 @@ @misc{bib2481 year = {2005} } -@book{bib2482, +@book{bib2495, author = {Epple, Susanne}, pages = {291}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe Verlag}, @@ -22019,13 +22141,13 @@ @book{bib2482 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2483, +@misc{bib2496, author = {Epps, Patience}, title = {A Grammar of Hup}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib2484, +@book{bib2497, author = {Epps, Patience}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -22034,7 +22156,7 @@ @book{bib2484 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2485, +@misc{bib2498, author = {Epps, Patience}, local_ids = {2446}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Reference Grammar of Paresi-Haliti (Arawak)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -22042,13 +22164,13 @@ @misc{bib2485 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2486, +@misc{bib2499, author = {Bolaños, Katherine and Epps, Patience}, title = {Linguistic classification of Kakua, a language of northwest Amazonia}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib2487, +@incollection{bib2500, author = {Epps, Patience}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas}, booktitle = {Reciprocals and Semantic Typology}, @@ -22060,7 +22182,7 @@ @incollection{bib2487 year = {2011} } -@book{bib2488, +@book{bib2501, author = {Erdweg, Mathias Josef}, pages = {274-310, 317-399}, publisher = {Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien.}, @@ -22068,14 +22190,14 @@ @book{bib2488 year = {1902} } -@book{bib2489, +@book{bib2502, author = {Erickson, Timothy and Erickson, Catherine Groth}, publisher = {Asociación Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Jupda-Español-Português}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib2490, +@article{bib2503, author = {Erikson, Philippe}, journal = {Amazonía Peruana}, pages = {231-287}, @@ -22084,7 +22206,7 @@ @article{bib2490 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib2491, +@incollection{bib2504, author = {Erikson, P.}, editor = {Santos, F. and Barclay, F.}, address = {Lima}, @@ -22096,7 +22218,7 @@ @incollection{bib2491 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2492, +@incollection{bib2505, author = {Eriksson, Thomas}, editor = {Marcel Erdal, Yunus Koç and Cengiz, Mikail}, booktitle = {Uluslararası Araştırmaları Sempozyumu Bildirileri}, @@ -22104,7 +22226,7 @@ @incollection{bib2492 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2493, +@book{bib2506, author = {Eriksson, Tom}, local_ids = {98657}, month = {May 1}, @@ -22113,7 +22235,7 @@ @book{bib2493 year = {2015} } -@article{bib2494, +@article{bib2507, author = {Ernst, A.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {328-369, 394-403}, @@ -22122,7 +22244,7 @@ @article{bib2494 year = {1870} } -@article{bib2495, +@article{bib2508, author = {Ernst, A.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {1-13}, @@ -22131,7 +22253,7 @@ @article{bib2495 year = {1891} } -@article{bib2496, +@article{bib2509, author = {Bickerton, Derek and Escalante, Aquilas}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {254-267}, @@ -22140,13 +22262,13 @@ @article{bib2496 year = {1970} } -@misc{bib2497, +@misc{bib2510, author = {Escalante, Fernando}, title = {Voice and Argument Structure in Yaqui}, year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2498, +@incollection{bib2511, author = {Escobar, Rosa Alicia}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -22155,7 +22277,7 @@ @incollection{bib2498 year = {2000} } -@article{bib2499, +@article{bib2512, author = {Essien, Udo [Ekanem]}, journal = {African language review}, pages = {177-186}, @@ -22164,14 +22286,14 @@ @article{bib2499 year = {1970/71} } -@book{bib2500, +@book{bib2513, author = {Estermann, Carlos}, publisher = {Académie Royale des Sciences d’Outre-Mer (ARSOM)}, title = {Ethnographie du sud-ouest de l’Angola. Tome 3: [...]}, year = {1977?} } -@book{bib2501, +@book{bib2514, author = {Estermann, Carlos}, publisher = {Junta de Investigações do Ultramar (JIU)}, series = {Esboço étnico do sudoeste de Angola}, @@ -22179,7 +22301,7 @@ @book{bib2501 year = {1957?} } -@book{bib2502, +@book{bib2515, author = {Estermann, Carlos}, pages = {ix, 182}, publisher = {Africana Publ.}, @@ -22187,7 +22309,7 @@ @book{bib2502 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib2503, +@misc{bib2516, author = {Esterson, G. 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E.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {1-61}, @@ -22373,7 +22495,7 @@ @article{bib2522 year = {1929} } -@misc{bib2523, +@misc{bib2536, author = {Evenhouse, W. and Kiekover, H.}, local_ids = {98348}, title = {Report of the Wukari Jukun Literacy Survey Team}, @@ -22381,7 +22503,7 @@ @misc{bib2523 year = {1968} } -@misc{bib2524, +@misc{bib2537, author = {Evenhouse, W}, pages = {42}, title = {Wukari Jukun: A Brief Description in English}, @@ -22389,7 +22511,7 @@ @misc{bib2524 year = {no date} } -@article{bib2525, +@article{bib2538, author = {Salido, Gabriela Garcia and Everdell, Michael}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -22403,20 +22525,20 @@ @article{bib2525 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib2526, +@misc{bib2539, author = {Everett, Daniel Leonard}, title = {A lingua Pirahã e a teoria da sintaxe: descrição, perspectiva e teoria}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib2527, +@book{bib2540, author = {Everett, Daniel L.}, publisher = {Editora de Unicamp}, title = {A lingua piraha e a teoria da sintaxe: descricao, perspectivas e teoria}, year = {1991} } -@book{bib2528, +@book{bib2541, author = {Everett, Daniel Leonard}, address = {Campinas}, pages = {400}, @@ -22425,13 +22547,13 @@ @book{bib2528 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib2529, +@misc{bib2542, author = {Everett, Daniel Leonard}, title = {Aspectos da Fonologia do Pirahã Daniel Everett - https://pt.other.wiki/wiki/Daniel_Everett}, year = {1979} } -@article{bib2530, +@article{bib2543, author = {Everett, Daniel L.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {339-372}, @@ -22440,7 +22562,7 @@ @article{bib2530 year = {1989} } -@article{bib2531, +@article{bib2544, author = {Everett, Daniel L. and Seki, Lucy}, journal = {Notes on Linguistics}, pages = {48-52}, @@ -22449,7 +22571,7 @@ @article{bib2531 year = {1986} } -@article{bib2532, +@article{bib2545, author = {Everett, Daniel L.}, journal = {Natural Language and Linguistic Theory}, pages = {207-246}, @@ -22458,7 +22580,7 @@ @article{bib2532 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib2533, +@incollection{bib2546, author = {Everett, Daniel L}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 1}, @@ -22472,7 +22594,7 @@ @incollection{bib2533 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2534, +@incollection{bib2547, author = {Everett, Daniel L. and Everett, Karen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics 3 Stanford Linguisticss Association}, pages = {105-116}, @@ -22480,7 +22602,7 @@ @incollection{bib2534 year = {1984} } -@book{bib2535, +@book{bib2548, author = {Everett, Daniel L. and Kern, Barbara}, publisher = {Routledge}, series = {Descriptive Grammar Series}, @@ -22488,7 +22610,7 @@ @book{bib2535 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib2536, +@incollection{bib2549, author = {Ewadaru, Boe}, editor = {Colbacchini, Antonio and Albisetti, Cesar}, address = {São Paulo}, @@ -22500,13 +22622,13 @@ @incollection{bib2536 year = {1942} } -@misc{bib2537, +@misc{bib2550, author = {Ewota, James}, title = {The phonology of Kole}, year = {1973} } -@article{bib2538, +@article{bib2551, author = {Exter, Mats}, journal = {Arbetspapier (Neue Folge)}, local_ids = {98922}, @@ -22517,7 +22639,7 @@ @article{bib2538 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2539, +@book{bib2552, author = {F., Oscar E. Aguilera}, address = {Temuco}, publisher = {Corporación de Desarrollo Indígena}, @@ -22525,7 +22647,7 @@ @book{bib2539 year = {2001} } -@article{bib2540, +@article{bib2553, author = {F., Oscar E. Aguilera}, journal = {Boletín de filología (Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras)}, pages = {7-149}, @@ -22534,7 +22656,7 @@ @article{bib2540 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2541, +@book{bib2554, author = {FPCC, First Peoples' Cultural Council}, howpublished = {Website: http://www.fpcc.ca/files/PDF/Language/FPCC-LanguageReport-141016-WEB.pdf}, local_ids = {99316}, @@ -22544,7 +22666,7 @@ @book{bib2541 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib2542, +@incollection{bib2555, author = {Fabre, Alain}, editor = {et al., Mily Crevels}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -22556,7 +22678,7 @@ @incollection{bib2542 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2543, +@incollection{bib2556, author = {Fabre, Alain}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and van de Kerke, Simon and Meira, Sérgio and van der Voort, Hein}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -22568,13 +22690,13 @@ @incollection{bib2543 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2544, +@misc{bib2557, author = {Fabre, Anne Gwenaïélle}, title = {Étude du Samba Leko, parler d'Allani (Cameroun du Nord, Famille Adamawa)}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib2545, +@article{bib2558, author = {Fabre, Alain}, journal = {Suplemento Antropológico}, local_ids = {94322}, @@ -22589,14 +22711,14 @@ @article{bib2545 year = {2005} } -@book{bib2546, +@book{bib2559, author = {Fabricius, Anne H.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Comparative Survey of Reduplication in Australian Languages}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib2547, +@article{bib2560, author = {Facundes, Sidney}, journal = {Proceedings of the meeting of the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas and the Hokan-Penutian workshop}, pages = {59-74}, @@ -22605,7 +22727,7 @@ @article{bib2547 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2548, +@incollection{bib2561, author = {Facundes, Sidi}, editor = {Michael, Lev and Granadillo, Tania}, booktitle = {Negation in Arawak Languages,}, @@ -22617,13 +22739,13 @@ @incollection{bib2548 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2549, +@misc{bib2562, author = {Facundes, Sidney da Silva}, title = {The Language of the Apurinã People of Brazil (Maipure/Arawak)}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib2550, +@book{bib2563, author = {Faehndrich, Burgel}, publisher = {Endangered Languages Archive}, title = {Documentation of a Dialect of Mongghul and a Dialectological Survey of Mongghul}, @@ -22631,7 +22753,7 @@ @book{bib2550 year = {n. d.} } -@phdthesis{bib2551, +@phdthesis{bib2564, author = {Faehndrich, Burgel R. M.}, institution = {Department of Linguistics}, local_ids = {98653}, @@ -22641,7 +22763,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib2551 year = {2007} } -@book{bib2552, +@book{bib2565, author = {Fagan, Joel L.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -22651,7 +22773,7 @@ @book{bib2552 year = {1986} } -@article{bib2553, +@article{bib2566, author = {Fagua Rincón, Doris}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica}, local_ids = {99303}, @@ -22663,7 +22785,7 @@ @article{bib2553 year = {2015} } -@book{bib2554, +@book{bib2567, author = {Faidherbe, Louis Léon César Le Général}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -22671,7 +22793,7 @@ @book{bib2554 year = {1877} } -@article{bib2555, +@article{bib2568, author = {Fakuade, Gbenga and Gambo, Matudi and Bashir, Abdullahi}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Anthropological linguistics}, @@ -22683,13 +22805,13 @@ @article{bib2555 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib2556, +@misc{bib2569, author = {Faller, M. T.}, title = {Semantics and Pragmatics of Evidentials in Cuzco Quechua}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2557, +@incollection{bib2570, author = {Faller, Martina}, editor = {Kim, J.-Y. and Werle, Adam}, booktitle = {Proceedings of SULA. The Semantics of Under-Represented Languages of the Americas}, @@ -22698,7 +22820,7 @@ @incollection{bib2557 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2558, +@incollection{bib2571, author = {Fallon, Paul D.}, editor = {Arasanyin, Olaoba F. and Pemberton, Michael A.}, address = {Somerville MA}, @@ -22711,7 +22833,7 @@ @incollection{bib2558 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib2559, +@incollection{bib2572, author = {Fallon, Paul D.}, editor = {King, Kendall A. and Fogle, Lyn Wright and Schilling-Estes, Natalie}, address = {Washington}, @@ -22724,7 +22846,7 @@ @incollection{bib2559 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib2560, +@incollection{bib2573, author = {Faltz, Leonard M.}, editor = {Bach, E. and Kratzer, A. and Partee, B. H.}, booktitle = {Quantification in Natural Languages}, @@ -22733,7 +22855,7 @@ @incollection{bib2560 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2561, +@incollection{bib2574, author = {Fang-Kuei, Li}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -22745,7 +22867,7 @@ @incollection{bib2561 year = {1946} } -@article{bib2562, +@article{bib2575, author = {Farfán, J. M. B.}, journal = {Revista del Museo Nacional}, pages = {81-110}, @@ -22754,7 +22876,7 @@ @article{bib2562 year = {1955} } -@book{bib2563, +@book{bib2576, author = {Fargetti, Cristina Martins}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -22764,7 +22886,7 @@ @book{bib2563 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2564, +@incollection{bib2577, author = {Faris, James C.}, editor = {Thelwall, R.}, address = {Ulster}, @@ -22776,7 +22898,7 @@ @incollection{bib2564 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib2565, +@incollection{bib2578, author = {Farler, [Archd.]}, editor = {Shaw, Archibald Downes}, booktitle = {A pocket vocabulary of the ki-Swahili, ki-Nyika, ki-Taita and ki-Kamba languages}, @@ -22784,7 +22906,7 @@ @incollection{bib2565 year = {1885} } -@article{bib2566, +@article{bib2579, author = {Farler, John Prediger}, journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Soc. and monthly record of geography}, number = {2}, @@ -22794,7 +22916,7 @@ @article{bib2566 year = {1879} } -@book{bib2567, +@book{bib2580, author = {Fassberg, Steven E.}, address = {Leiden}, isbn = {978-90-04-17682-9}, @@ -22804,14 +22926,14 @@ @book{bib2567 year = {2010} } -@book{bib2568, +@book{bib2581, author = {Fasske, Helmut}, publisher = {Domowina}, title = {Grammatik der obersorbischen Schriftsprache der Gegenwart}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib2569, +@article{bib2582, author = {Fast, Peter W.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -22821,7 +22943,7 @@ @article{bib2569 year = {1953} } -@book{bib2570, +@book{bib2583, author = {Fast, Daniel and Fast, Ruby and Fast, Gerhard}, pages = {517}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -22832,7 +22954,7 @@ @book{bib2570 year = {1996} } -@book{bib2571, +@book{bib2584, author = {Fast, Gerhard and Fast, Ruby}, pages = {144}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -22842,7 +22964,7 @@ @book{bib2571 year = {1981} } -@book{bib2572, +@book{bib2585, author = {Fast, Gerhard and Larson, Mildred L.}, pages = {111}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -22852,7 +22974,7 @@ @book{bib2572 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib2573, +@incollection{bib2586, author = {Faust, Norma}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, David}, booktitle = {Tupi Studies 1}, @@ -22861,7 +22983,7 @@ @incollection{bib2573 year = {1971} } -@book{bib2574, +@book{bib2587, author = {Faust, Norma}, pages = {173}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -22872,7 +22994,7 @@ @book{bib2574 year = {1972} } -@book{bib2575, +@book{bib2588, author = {Faust, Norma W.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Serie linguistica peruana publicacion número}, @@ -22881,7 +23003,7 @@ @book{bib2575 year = {1972} } -@book{bib2576, +@book{bib2589, author = {Faust, Norma}, pages = {160}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -22891,13 +23013,13 @@ @book{bib2576 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib2577, +@misc{bib2590, author = {Faust, Vera}, title = {Oirata: A language of Kisar}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib2578, +@article{bib2591, author = {Fauvelle-Aymar, François-Javier}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -22907,7 +23029,7 @@ @article{bib2578 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2579, +@article{bib2592, author = {Faye, Souleymane and Dijkstra, Hillebrand}, journal = {Sudlangues: revue electronique internationale de sciences du langage}, pages = {121-138}, @@ -22916,7 +23038,7 @@ @article{bib2579 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib2580, +@incollection{bib2593, author = {Fedchenko, Valentina}, editor = {Janse, Mark and Joseph, Brian D. and Ralli, Angela and Bagriacik, Metin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistic Theory}, @@ -22927,7 +23049,7 @@ @incollection{bib2580 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2581, +@book{bib2594, author = {Fedden, Sebastian Olcher}, address = {Berlin}, local_ids = {99049}, @@ -22938,7 +23060,7 @@ @book{bib2581 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib2582, +@incollection{bib2595, author = {Fedry, Jacques}, editor = {Caprile, J.}, booktitle = {Etudes Phonologiques Chadiennes}, @@ -22947,7 +23069,7 @@ @incollection{bib2582 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib2583, +@incollection{bib2596, author = {Fedry, J.}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, address = {Paris}, @@ -22959,28 +23081,28 @@ @incollection{bib2583 year = {1981} } -@book{bib2584, +@book{bib2597, author = {Feeling, Durbin}, publisher = {Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma and Heritage Printing}, title = {Cherokee-English Dictionary}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib2585, +@book{bib2598, author = {Feev, Boris B.}, publisher = {Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk}, title = {Akustich?eskie xarakteristiki glasnyx ketskogo jazyka (Pakulixinskij govor)}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib2586, +@misc{bib2599, author = {Brenzinger, Matthias and Fehn, Anne-Maria}, local_ids = {90440}, title = {Personal Communication on Ts'exa Language}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib2587, +@book{bib2600, author = {Feinberg, Richard}, address = {Long Grove}, edition = {2}, @@ -22990,7 +23112,7 @@ @book{bib2587 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2588, +@book{bib2601, author = {Feldman, Harry}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {98989}, @@ -23001,7 +23123,7 @@ @book{bib2588 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib2589, +@misc{bib2602, author = {Feldpausch, Becky and Feldpausch, Thomas}, local_ids = {98992}, title = {Dialect survey of the Namia language}, @@ -23009,7 +23131,7 @@ @misc{bib2589 year = {1999} } -@book{bib2590, +@book{bib2603, author = {Felicity Meakins, Rachel Nordlinger}, edition = {1}, isbn = {9781614512745}, @@ -23023,7 +23145,7 @@ @book{bib2590 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2591, +@book{bib2604, author = {Felix, Marc Leo}, pages = {xvi, 246}, publisher = {Zaïre Basin Art History Research Foundation}, @@ -23031,7 +23153,7 @@ @book{bib2591 year = {1987} } -@book{bib2592, +@book{bib2605, author = {Felix, Marc Leo}, pages = {38-39}, publisher = {the handbook Zaïre Basin Art History Research Foundation}, @@ -23039,7 +23161,7 @@ @book{bib2592 year = {1987} } -@book{bib2593, +@book{bib2606, author = {Felix, Marc Leo}, pages = {70-71}, publisher = {the handbook Zaïre Basin Art History Research Foundation}, @@ -23047,7 +23169,7 @@ @book{bib2593 year = {1987} } -@book{bib2594, +@book{bib2607, author = {Felix, Marc Leo}, pages = {504}, publisher = {Verlag Fred Jahn}, @@ -23055,7 +23177,7 @@ @book{bib2594 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2595, +@incollection{bib2608, author = {Vincze, Veronika and Nagy, Ágoston and Horváth, Csilla and Szilágyi, Norbert and Kozmács, István and Bogár, Edit and Fenyvesi, Anna}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 1st International Workshop in Computation Linguistics for Uralic Languages}, local_ids = {98750}, @@ -23064,7 +23186,7 @@ @incollection{bib2595 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib2596, +@incollection{bib2609, author = {Feoktistov, A. K.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-ugorskie i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -23073,7 +23195,7 @@ @incollection{bib2596 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib2597, +@incollection{bib2610, author = {Feoktistov, A. K.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-Ugorskie i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -23082,7 +23204,7 @@ @incollection{bib2597 year = {1966} } -@article{bib2598, +@article{bib2611, author = {Ferlus, Michel}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, local_ids = {99099}, @@ -23093,7 +23215,7 @@ @article{bib2598 year = {2014} } -@phdthesis{bib2599, +@phdthesis{bib2612, author = {Fermino, Jessie L. D.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {12522}, @@ -23102,13 +23224,13 @@ @phdthesis{bib2599 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib2600, +@misc{bib2613, author = {Fernandes, Valentim}, title = {Descripçam de cepta por sua costa de Mauritania e Ethiopia (Codex monacensis hispanicus 27)}, year = {150x} } -@book{bib2601, +@book{bib2614, author = {Fernandes, Valentim}, pages = {214}, publisher = {Emile Larose}, @@ -23117,7 +23239,7 @@ @book{bib2601 year = {1938} } -@book{bib2602, +@book{bib2615, author = {Fernandes, Valentim}, pages = {223}, publisher = {Publ. do Centro de Estudos da Guiné Portuguesa, #11}, @@ -23125,33 +23247,33 @@ @book{bib2602 year = {1951} } -@misc{bib2603, +@misc{bib2616, author = {Fernandez, Frank}, title = {A Grammatical Sketch of Remo: A Munda Language}, year = {1967} } -@book{bib2604, +@book{bib2617, author = {Fernandez Garay, Ana}, publisher = {Universidad Austral de Chile Ediciones}, title = {El tehuelche, una lengua en vıas de extincıon. Estudios Filológicas}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib2605, +@misc{bib2618, author = {Fernandez Garay, Ana Valentina}, title = {Le tehuelche: description d'une langue en train de disparaitre}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib2606, +@book{bib2619, author = {Fernandez de Miranda, M. Teresa}, publisher = {Intituto Nacional de Antropologia e História}, title = {Diccionario Ixcateco}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib2607, +@book{bib2620, author = {H., Roberto Escalante and Fernández, Zarina Estrada}, address = {Sonora}, publisher = {Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo}, @@ -23159,7 +23281,7 @@ @book{bib2607 year = {1993} } -@book{bib2608, +@book{bib2621, author = {Fernández Garay, Ana}, address = {Leiden}, publisher = {CNWS Publications}, @@ -23169,7 +23291,7 @@ @book{bib2608 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2609, +@book{bib2622, author = {Fernández Garay, Ana}, address = {Valdivia}, pages = {481}, @@ -23180,7 +23302,7 @@ @book{bib2609 year = {1998} } -@article{bib2610, +@article{bib2623, author = {Fernández Garay, Ana}, chapter = {Lingüística areal: las construcciones aplicativas en algunas lenguas patagónicas}, journal = {Anuario de la Facultad de Ciencias}, @@ -23192,7 +23314,7 @@ @article{bib2610 year = {2012} } -@book{bib2611, +@book{bib2624, author = {Fernández Garay, Ana and Hernández, Graciela}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -23202,7 +23324,7 @@ @book{bib2611 year = {2006} } -@book{bib2612, +@book{bib2625, author = {Fernández de Miranda, María Teresa and Elson, Benjamin F.}, address = {Xalapa}, pages = {133}, @@ -23213,7 +23335,7 @@ @book{bib2612 year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib2613, +@incollection{bib2626, author = {Ferrand, Gabriel}, editor = {Meillet, A. and Cohen, Marcel}, address = {Paris}, @@ -23225,13 +23347,13 @@ @incollection{bib2613 year = {1924} } -@misc{bib2614, +@misc{bib2627, author = {Ferrarezi, Junior Celso}, title = {Nas águas do Itenês: um estudo semântico com a língua Moré}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib2615, +@book{bib2628, author = {Ferrario, Benigno}, pages = {41-46}, publisher = {Librería e Imprenta Gil}, @@ -23241,7 +23363,7 @@ @book{bib2615 year = {1942} } -@incollection{bib2616, +@incollection{bib2629, author = {Ferree, Steve}, editor = {Brownie, John}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -23256,7 +23378,7 @@ @incollection{bib2616 year = {2000} } -@book{bib2617, +@book{bib2630, author = {Ferreira, Marília}, pages = {131}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -23266,7 +23388,7 @@ @book{bib2617 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib2618, +@misc{bib2631, author = {Ferreira, Helder Perri}, local_ids = {24625}, title = {"Documentation and Description of the Yanomama of Papiu, an Endagered Yanomami language of Brazil" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -23274,7 +23396,7 @@ @misc{bib2618 year = {2010} } -@book{bib2619, +@book{bib2632, author = {Ferreira, Rogério Vicente}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -23284,20 +23406,20 @@ @book{bib2619 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib2620, +@misc{bib2633, author = {Ferreira, Rogério Vicente}, title = {Língua Matis (Pano): Uma Descrição Grammatical}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib2621, +@book{bib2634, author = {Ferreira, R. V.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Lıngua Matis (Pano)}, year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2622, +@incollection{bib2635, author = {Ferreira, Vera}, editor = {Ferreira, Vera and Bouda, Peter}, booktitle = {Language Documentation and Conservation in Europe}, @@ -23311,14 +23433,14 @@ @incollection{bib2622 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib2623, +@misc{bib2636, author = {Ferreira Alves, Juliana}, title = {Fonética e fonologia da língua Araweté: Uma nova contribuição}, url = {https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3582}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2624, +@misc{bib2637, author = {Ferrié, Francis}, local_ids = {98190}, school = {University of St. Andrews}, @@ -23327,7 +23449,7 @@ @misc{bib2624 year = {2014} } -@article{bib2625, +@article{bib2638, author = {Ferry, Marie-Paule}, address = {Paris}, journal = {Bulletin de la Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, @@ -23339,7 +23461,7 @@ @article{bib2625 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib2626, +@incollection{bib2639, author = {Ferry, Marie-Paule}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, address = {Paris}, @@ -23351,7 +23473,7 @@ @incollection{bib2626 year = {1981} } -@book{bib2627, +@book{bib2640, author = {Ferry, Marie-Paule}, pages = {1280}, publisher = {PEETERS}, @@ -23361,7 +23483,7 @@ @book{bib2627 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib2628, +@incollection{bib2641, author = {Field, Margaret}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Facts About the World's Languages, An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present}, @@ -23370,7 +23492,7 @@ @incollection{bib2628 year = {2001} } -@book{bib2629, +@book{bib2642, author = {Filchenko, Andrey}, isbn = {9785894283159}, local_ids = {98890}, @@ -23380,7 +23502,7 @@ @book{bib2629 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib2630, +@misc{bib2643, author = {Filchenko, Andrey}, local_ids = {24831}, title = {"Multimedia documentation of the endangered Vasyugan and Alexandrovo Khanty dialects of Tomsk region in Siberia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -23388,7 +23510,7 @@ @misc{bib2630 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib2631, +@misc{bib2644, author = {Filchenko, Andrey}, local_ids = {98643}, month = {April}, @@ -23396,7 +23518,7 @@ @misc{bib2631 year = {2015} } -@article{bib2632, +@article{bib2645, author = {Filchenko], Андрей Юрьевич Фильченко [Andrei}, journal = {Урало-Алтайские Исследования [Ural-Altaic Studies]}, local_ids = {98636}, @@ -23408,7 +23530,7 @@ @article{bib2632 year = {2013} } -@article{bib2633, +@article{bib2646, author = {Firestone, Homer L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -23418,14 +23540,14 @@ @article{bib2633 year = {1955} } -@book{bib2634, +@book{bib2647, author = {Firestone, Homer L.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Description and Classification of Sirionó, a Tupı-Guaranı Language}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib2635, +@book{bib2648, author = {Firestone, Homer L.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -23434,7 +23556,7 @@ @book{bib2635 year = {1965} } -@article{bib2636, +@article{bib2649, author = {Fisch, Maria}, journal = {Namibiana: comm. of the ethno-historical study group, SWA (South West Africa) Scientific Soc.}, number = {1}, @@ -23444,7 +23566,7 @@ @article{bib2636 year = {1984} } -@article{bib2637, +@article{bib2650, author = {Fischer, H. W.}, journal = {Nova Guinea}, title = {Ethnographica von den Pĕsĕchĕm und aus Südwest-Neu-Guinea (Nachtrag)}, @@ -23452,7 +23574,7 @@ @article{bib2637 year = {1915} } -@book{bib2638, +@book{bib2651, author = {Fischer, François}, pages = {292}, publisher = {Soc. d’Edition de la Basse Alsace}, @@ -23460,7 +23582,7 @@ @book{bib2638 year = {1949} } -@article{bib2639, +@article{bib2652, author = {Fischer, Hans}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {878-883}, @@ -23469,14 +23591,14 @@ @article{bib2639 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib2640, +@misc{bib2653, author = {Fitzgerald, Susan Ann}, pages = {356}, title = {Velar-Initial Etyma and Issues in Comparative Pama-Nyungan (Australia)}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib2641, +@article{bib2654, author = {Fitzpatrick, J.F.J.}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, number = {43}, @@ -23486,7 +23608,7 @@ @article{bib2641 year = {1912} } -@incollection{bib2642, +@incollection{bib2655, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L. and Flassy, Don A. L.}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 22 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, pages = {53-130}, @@ -23495,7 +23617,7 @@ @incollection{bib2642 year = {1985} } -@article{bib2643, +@article{bib2656, author = {Flatz, Gebhard}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {24-34}, @@ -23504,13 +23626,13 @@ @article{bib2643 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib2644, +@misc{bib2657, author = {Fleck, David W.}, title = {A grammar of Matses}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2645, +@incollection{bib2658, author = {Fleck, David W.}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation}, @@ -23519,7 +23641,7 @@ @incollection{bib2645 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2646, +@misc{bib2659, author = {Fleck, David}, local_ids = {24699}, title = {"Documentation of the Mayoruna languages of western Amazonia: A compilation of recordings of oral history narratives and other speech genres" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -23527,7 +23649,7 @@ @misc{bib2646 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2647, +@incollection{bib2660, author = {Fleck, David W.}, booktitle = {Panoan Languages and Linguistics}, institution = {ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 99}, @@ -23540,7 +23662,7 @@ @incollection{bib2647 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib2648, +@incollection{bib2661, author = {Fleisch, Axel}, editor = {Kuder, Manfred and Prinz, M.}, booktitle = {Angola: Referate des 6. DASP-Symposiums in der Universität zu Köln}, @@ -23549,7 +23671,7 @@ @incollection{bib2648 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib2649, +@incollection{bib2662, author = {Fleischmann, Lillian and Turpeinen, Sinikka}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, booktitle = {Surveys in five Papua New Guinea languages Workpapers in Papua New Guinea Languages}, @@ -23560,13 +23682,13 @@ @incollection{bib2649 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib2650, +@misc{bib2663, author = {Fleisher, Mark Stewart}, title = {Clallam: A Study in Coast Salish Ethnolinguistics}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib2651, +@incollection{bib2664, author = {Fleming, Harold}, editor = {Hayward, Richard J.}, booktitle = {Omotic Language Studies}, @@ -23575,7 +23697,7 @@ @incollection{bib2651 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2652, +@incollection{bib2665, author = {Fleming, Harold}, editor = {Hayward, Richard J.}, booktitle = {Omotic Language Studies}, @@ -23584,7 +23706,7 @@ @incollection{bib2652 year = {1990} } -@article{bib2653, +@article{bib2666, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, journal = {Rassegna di studi etiopici}, pages = {35-96}, @@ -23593,7 +23715,7 @@ @article{bib2653 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib2654, +@incollection{bib2667, author = {Fleming, Ilah}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -23602,7 +23724,7 @@ @incollection{bib2654 year = {1966} } -@article{bib2655, +@article{bib2668, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -23612,7 +23734,7 @@ @article{bib2655 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib2656, +@incollection{bib2669, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, editor = {Uhlig, Siegbert}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Aethiopica}, @@ -23621,7 +23743,7 @@ @incollection{bib2656 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2657, +@incollection{bib2670, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, editor = {Hess, Richard Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Ethiopian studies, session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA}, @@ -23630,7 +23752,7 @@ @incollection{bib2657 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib2658, +@incollection{bib2671, author = {Fleming, Harold}, editor = {Leben, William Ronald}, booktitle = {Papers from the fifth Annual Conference on African Linguistics Studies in African Linguistics: Supplement}, @@ -23641,7 +23763,7 @@ @incollection{bib2658 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib2659, +@incollection{bib2672, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {East Lansing, Michigan}, @@ -23653,7 +23775,7 @@ @incollection{bib2659 year = {1976} } -@book{bib2660, +@book{bib2673, author = {Fleming, Harold}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -23663,7 +23785,7 @@ @book{bib2660 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib2661, +@incollection{bib2674, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, editor = {Marcus, Harold G.}, address = {East Lansing}, @@ -23675,7 +23797,7 @@ @incollection{bib2661 year = {1973} } -@article{bib2662, +@article{bib2675, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {1-37}, @@ -23684,7 +23806,7 @@ @article{bib2662 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2663, +@incollection{bib2676, author = {Fleming, Harold C.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer and Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -23696,7 +23818,7 @@ @incollection{bib2663 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib2664, +@incollection{bib2677, author = {Fleming, H.}, editor = {Rubenson, Sven}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference of Ethiopian Studies: University of Lund, 26-29 April 1982}, @@ -23705,7 +23827,7 @@ @incollection{bib2664 year = {1984} } -@article{bib2665, +@article{bib2678, author = {Fleming, Ilah and Dennis, Ronald K.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {121-127}, @@ -23714,7 +23836,7 @@ @article{bib2665 year = {1977} } -@article{bib2666, +@article{bib2679, author = {Fleuriot, A.}, journal = {Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris}, number = {1}, @@ -23724,7 +23846,7 @@ @article{bib2666 year = {1942} } -@book{bib2667, +@book{bib2680, author = {Flores, Elexander}, local_ids = {96000}, month = {May}, @@ -23735,7 +23857,7 @@ @book{bib2667 year = {2002} } -@article{bib2668, +@article{bib2681, author = {Flornoy, Bertrand}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, number = {2}, @@ -23745,7 +23867,7 @@ @article{bib2668 year = {1938} } -@article{bib2669, +@article{bib2682, author = {Flower, William Henry}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {73-91}, @@ -23754,7 +23876,7 @@ @article{bib2669 year = {1889} } -@article{bib2670, +@article{bib2683, author = {Flower, William Henry}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Inst. of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {73-91}, @@ -23763,7 +23885,7 @@ @article{bib2670 year = {1889} } -@misc{bib2671, +@misc{bib2684, author = {Floyd, Simeon}, howpublished = {Personal communication.}, local_ids = {98435}, @@ -23771,14 +23893,14 @@ @misc{bib2671 year = {2014} } -@book{bib2672, +@book{bib2685, author = {Flury, Lázaro}, publisher = {Ciordia & Rodriguez}, title = {Tradiciones, leyendas y vida de los indios del norte}, year = {1951} } -@book{bib2673, +@book{bib2686, author = {Fock, Niels}, address = {Copenhagen}, publisher = {The National Museum}, @@ -23788,7 +23910,7 @@ @book{bib2673 year = {1963} } -@article{bib2674, +@article{bib2687, author = {Foelsche, Paul}, journal = {Transactions and Proceedings and Report of the Royal Society of South Australia}, pages = {1-18}, @@ -23797,13 +23919,13 @@ @article{bib2674 year = {1882} } -@misc{bib2675, +@misc{bib2688, author = {Fofou, Justin Mbognou}, title = {Étude phonologique du dəmbɔŋ}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib2676, +@book{bib2689, author = {Foley, Lawrence}, publisher = {Garland Publishing, Inc.}, series = {Outstanding Dissertation in Linguistics}, @@ -23812,7 +23934,7 @@ @book{bib2676 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2677, +@incollection{bib2690, author = {Foley, William A.}, editor = {Palmer, Bill}, booktitle = {Papuan Languages and Linguistics}, @@ -23820,7 +23942,7 @@ @incollection{bib2677 year = {2016} } -@book{bib2678, +@book{bib2691, author = {Foley, William A.}, address = {Stanford}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -23830,14 +23952,14 @@ @book{bib2678 year = {1991} } -@book{bib2679, +@book{bib2692, author = {Fombo, A.}, publisher = {Occasional publ. from the Rivers Readers Project (RRP), #2}, title = {Ibani bibi dawo diri: studies in the Ibani dialects of Ijo}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib2680, +@incollection{bib2693, author = {Adelaar, Willem and Fonseca, Gustavo Solis}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {Paris, France}, @@ -23849,7 +23971,7 @@ @incollection{bib2680 year = {2010} } -@book{bib2681, +@book{bib2694, author = {Fontoynont, Antoine Maurice and Raomandahy, Emmanuel}, pages = {105}, publisher = {Impr. Moderne de l’Emyrne}, @@ -23858,7 +23980,7 @@ @book{bib2681 year = {1937} } -@article{bib2682, +@article{bib2695, author = {Forbes, H. O.}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {402-430}, @@ -23867,7 +23989,7 @@ @article{bib2682 year = {1884} } -@incollection{bib2683, +@incollection{bib2696, author = {Ford, Kevin and Ober, Dana}, editor = {Romaine, S.}, booktitle = {Language in Australia}, @@ -23879,7 +24001,7 @@ @incollection{bib2683 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib2684, +@incollection{bib2697, author = {Ford, K. C.}, editor = {Dakubu, Mary E. Kropp}, address = {London}, @@ -23891,13 +24013,13 @@ @incollection{bib2684 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib2685, +@misc{bib2698, author = {Ford, Lysbeth J.}, title = {The phonology and morphology of Bachamal (Wogait)}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib2686, +@book{bib2699, author = {Foreman, Velma M.}, address = {Santa Ana, CA}, local_ids = {98991}, @@ -23908,7 +24030,7 @@ @book{bib2686 year = {1974} } -@book{bib2687, +@book{bib2700, author = {Foris, David P.}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -23917,7 +24039,7 @@ @book{bib2687 year = {2000} } -@article{bib2688, +@article{bib2701, author = {Foris, David}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -23927,7 +24049,7 @@ @article{bib2688 year = {1973} } -@book{bib2689, +@book{bib2702, author = {Forker, Diana}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-96110-196-2}, @@ -23938,7 +24060,7 @@ @book{bib2689 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib2690, +@incollection{bib2703, author = {Forker, Diana}, editor = {Koryakov, Yuri and Lander, Yury and Maisak, Timur}, booktitle = {The Caucasian Languages: an International Handbook}, @@ -23947,13 +24069,13 @@ @incollection{bib2690 title = {Sketch Grammar of Hinuq} } -@misc{bib2691, +@misc{bib2704, author = {Forline, Louis Carlos}, title = {The persistence and cultural transformation of the Guajá indians: Foragers of Maranhão State, Brazil}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib2692, +@book{bib2705, author = {Forssén, Anja}, pages = {159}, publisher = {Central Union for Child Welfare in Finland; Scandinavian Inst. of African Studies}, @@ -23962,13 +24084,13 @@ @book{bib2692 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib2693, +@misc{bib2706, author = {Forsyth, Katherine Stuart}, title = {The Ogham Inscriptions of Scotland: An Edited Corpus}, year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib2694, +@incollection{bib2707, author = {Fortescue, Michael}, editor = {McConvell, Patrick and Evans, Nicholas}, booktitle = {Archaeology and Linguistics: Aboriginal Australia in Global Perspective}, @@ -23977,7 +24099,7 @@ @incollection{bib2694 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2695, +@book{bib2708, author = {Fortescue, M.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Cassell}, @@ -23986,7 +24108,7 @@ @book{bib2695 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib2696, +@incollection{bib2709, author = {Fortescue, Michael}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -23995,7 +24117,7 @@ @incollection{bib2696 year = {2007} } -@book{bib2697, +@book{bib2710, author = {Fortescue, Michael}, address = {London}, publisher = {Croom Helm}, @@ -24004,7 +24126,7 @@ @book{bib2697 year = {1984} } -@book{bib2698, +@book{bib2711, author = {Fortier, Jana}, local_ids = {98274}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i Press}, @@ -24012,7 +24134,7 @@ @book{bib2698 year = {2009} } -@article{bib2699, +@article{bib2712, author = {Fortier, Jana and Rastogi, Kavita}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {42-52}, @@ -24021,14 +24143,14 @@ @article{bib2699 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2700, +@book{bib2713, author = {Fortune, R. F.}, publisher = {J. J. Augustin}, title = {Arapesh}, year = {1940} } -@book{bib2701, +@book{bib2714, author = {Fortune, Reo F.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {J. J. Augustin Publisher}, @@ -24038,7 +24160,7 @@ @book{bib2701 year = {1942} } -@article{bib2702, +@article{bib2715, author = {Fortune, David L.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {101-161}, @@ -24047,7 +24169,7 @@ @article{bib2702 year = {1973} } -@article{bib2703, +@article{bib2716, author = {Fortune, George}, journal = {Journal of the Language Ass. of Eastern Africa}, number = {1}, @@ -24057,7 +24179,7 @@ @article{bib2703 year = {1970} } -@article{bib2704, +@article{bib2717, author = {Fosbrooke, Henry Albert}, journal = {African studies}, pages = {153-154}, @@ -24066,7 +24188,7 @@ @article{bib2704 year = {1954} } -@article{bib2705, +@article{bib2718, author = {Fosbrooke, Henry Albert}, journal = {South African archaeological bull.}, number = {41}, @@ -24076,7 +24198,7 @@ @article{bib2705 year = {1956} } -@article{bib2706, +@article{bib2719, author = {Fosbrooke, Henry Albert and Ginner, P. and Leakey, Louis Seymour Bazett and Fosbrooke, Jane}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {1-61}, @@ -24085,13 +24207,13 @@ @article{bib2706 year = {1950} } -@misc{bib2707, +@misc{bib2720, author = {Fosse, Leif John}, title = {Negotiating the nation in local terms: ethnicity and nationalism in Eastern Caprivi}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib2708, +@article{bib2721, author = {Foster, M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {59-72}, @@ -24100,14 +24222,21 @@ @article{bib2708 year = {1982} } -@book{bib2709, +@book{bib2722, author = {Foster, Mary L. and Foster, G. M.}, publisher = {United States Government Office}, title = {Sierra Popoluca Speech}, year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib2710, +@misc{bib2723, + author = {Foundation, Wishtoyo Chumash}, + local_ids = {99408}, + title = {Šmuwič Language School}, + url = {http://www.wishtoyo.org/cp-chumash-language/} +} + +@incollection{bib2724, author = {Fox, David G.}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -24116,7 +24245,7 @@ @incollection{bib2710 year = {1966} } -@book{bib2711, +@book{bib2725, author = {Fox, Samuel}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, local_ids = {93120}, @@ -24126,7 +24255,7 @@ @book{bib2711 year = {2009} } -@article{bib2712, +@article{bib2726, author = {Fox, Samuel}, address = {Wiesbaden}, journal = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -24137,7 +24266,7 @@ @article{bib2712 year = {1997} } -@article{bib2713, +@article{bib2727, author = {Fozzard, P.M.H.}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {94-110}, @@ -24146,7 +24275,7 @@ @article{bib2713 year = {1959} } -@article{bib2714, +@article{bib2728, author = {Fozzard, P.M.H.}, journal = {Tanzania notes and records}, pages = {57-62}, @@ -24155,7 +24284,7 @@ @article{bib2714 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib2715, +@incollection{bib2729, author = {Frachtenberg, Leo J.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington}, @@ -24167,7 +24296,7 @@ @incollection{bib2715 year = {1922} } -@book{bib2716, +@book{bib2730, author = {Frachtenberg, Leo Joachim}, publisher = {Columbia University Press}, series = {Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology}, @@ -24175,13 +24304,13 @@ @book{bib2716 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib2717, +@misc{bib2731, author = {Frachtenberg, Leo Joachim}, title = {Grammar of the Coos Language of Oregon}, year = {1910} } -@misc{bib2718, +@misc{bib2732, author = {Frajzyngier, Zygmunt}, local_ids = {2296}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Grammar of Sakun (Sukur)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -24189,20 +24318,20 @@ @misc{bib2718 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib2719, +@misc{bib2733, author = {Franceschini, D. C.}, title = {La langue Sateré-Mawé: Description et analyse morphosyntaxique}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib2720, +@misc{bib2734, author = {Francetto, Bruna}, local_ids = {98393}, title = {Personal communication}, year = {October 2014} } -@incollection{bib2721, +@incollection{bib2735, author = {Franchetto, Bruna}, editor = {Queixalós, Francisco}, booktitle = {Ergatividade na Amazônia II}, @@ -24211,7 +24340,7 @@ @incollection{bib2721 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib2722, +@incollection{bib2736, author = {Franchetto, Bruna}, editor = {Queixalós, Francisco}, booktitle = {Ergatividade na Amazônia, I}, @@ -24219,14 +24348,14 @@ @incollection{bib2722 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2723, +@misc{bib2737, author = {Francis, D. A. and Leavitt, R. M.}, title = {Micmac - Maliseet Institute's Maliseet-Passamaquoddy Dictionary}, url = {http://ultratext.hil.unb.ca/Texts/Maliseet/dictionary/}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib2724, +@book{bib2738, author = {Hewson, John and Francis, Bernard}, address = {Manitoba}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquioian Linguistics, Winnipeg}, @@ -24236,26 +24365,26 @@ @book{bib2724 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib2725, +@misc{bib2739, author = {Francis, Hartwell S.}, title = {Transitivity in Arapaho: A Construction Grammar Approach}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib2726, +@book{bib2740, author = {Francke, A. H.}, publisher = {Seema}, title = {Ladakhi and Tibetan grammar}, year = {1979} } -@misc{bib2727, +@misc{bib2741, author = {Francois, Alexandre}, title = {Contraintes de structures et liberté dans l'organisation du discours: Une description du mwotlap, langue océanienne du Vanuatu}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib2728, +@misc{bib2742, author = {Francois, Alex}, local_ids = {97860}, month = {May}, @@ -24263,7 +24392,7 @@ @misc{bib2728 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2729, +@misc{bib2743, author = {Franjieh, Mike}, local_ids = {24542}, title = {"A documentation of North Ambrym, a language of Vanuatu and research into its possessive structures" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -24271,13 +24400,13 @@ @misc{bib2729 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib2730, +@misc{bib2744, author = {Frank, Paul Stephen}, title = {A Grammar of Ika}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib2731, +@book{bib2745, author = {Frank, Paul}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Studies in the Language of Colombia}, @@ -24286,7 +24415,7 @@ @book{bib2731 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2732, +@incollection{bib2746, author = {Frankland, Stanley}, editor = {Biesbrouck, Karen and Elders, Stefan and Rossel, Gerda}, booktitle = {Central African hunter-gatherers in a multidisciplinary perspective: challenging elusiveness}, @@ -24295,7 +24424,7 @@ @incollection{bib2732 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2733, +@incollection{bib2747, author = {Franklin, Karl J.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, booktitle = {New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study Vol 1: Papuan Languages and the New Guinea linguistic scene}, @@ -24304,7 +24433,7 @@ @incollection{bib2733 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib2734, +@misc{bib2748, author = {Franklin, Karl J.}, pages = {19-44}, title = {Languages of the Gulf District: a preview}, @@ -24312,7 +24441,7 @@ @misc{bib2734 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib2735, +@incollection{bib2749, author = {Franklin, Karl J.}, editor = {Franklin, Karl J.}, booktitle = {The Linguistic Situation in the Gulf District and Adjacent Areas, Papua New Guinea}, @@ -24321,7 +24450,7 @@ @incollection{bib2735 year = {1973} } -@article{bib2736, +@article{bib2750, author = {Franklin, Karl}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics}, title = {The Linguistic Situation in the Gulf District and Adjacent Areas, Papua}, @@ -24329,28 +24458,28 @@ @article{bib2736 year = {1973} } -@book{bib2737, +@book{bib2751, author = {Frantz, Donald G. and Russell, Norma Jean}, publisher = {University of Toronto Press}, title = {Blackfoot Dictionary}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib2738, +@book{bib2752, author = {Frantz, Donald and Russell, Norma Jean}, publisher = {University of Toronto Press}, title = {Blackfoot Dictionary}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib2739, +@book{bib2753, author = {Frantz, D. G.}, publisher = {University of Toronto Press}, title = {Blackfoot Grammar}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib2740, +@incollection{bib2754, author = {Frantz, Donald G.}, booktitle = {The Canadian Encyclopedia}, local_ids = {99542}, @@ -24361,26 +24490,26 @@ @incollection{bib2740 year = {2019} } -@book{bib2741, +@book{bib2755, author = {Frantz, Donald G.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Toward a Generative Grammar of Blackfoot}, year = {1971} } -@misc{bib2742, +@misc{bib2756, author = {Frantz, D. G.}, title = {Toward a Generative Grammar of Blackfoot (with particular attention to selected stem formation processes)}, year = {1970} } -@misc{bib2743, +@misc{bib2757, author = {Franzese, Sergio}, title = {Grammatica di Sinto Piemontese (lingua romani [zingara]) (con collegamenti ipertestuali e supporto audio su CDROM)}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib2744, +@book{bib2758, author = {François, Alexandre}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -24392,13 +24521,13 @@ @book{bib2744 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib2745, +@misc{bib2759, author = {François, Alexandre}, title = {Are Vanikoro Languages Really Austronesian?}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib2746, +@article{bib2760, author = {François, Alexandre}, journal = {Linguistic Typology}, number = {1}, @@ -24408,7 +24537,7 @@ @article{bib2746 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2747, +@article{bib2761, author = {François, Curt von}, journal = {Mitt. aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten}, pages = {290-295}, @@ -24417,13 +24546,13 @@ @article{bib2747 year = {1893} } -@misc{bib2748, +@misc{bib2762, author = {François, Alexandre}, title = {Constraintes de Structures et Liberté dans l'organisation du Discours: Une description du Mwotlap, langue océanienne du Vanuatu}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib2749, +@book{bib2763, author = {François, Alexandre}, address = {Leuven}, pages = {408}, @@ -24433,7 +24562,7 @@ @book{bib2749 year = {2003} } -@article{bib2750, +@article{bib2764, author = {François, Alexandre}, journal = {Phonology}, local_ids = {94820}, @@ -24444,7 +24573,7 @@ @article{bib2750 year = {2010} } -@article{bib2751, +@article{bib2765, author = {François, Alexandre}, journal = {Journal of Historical Linguistics}, local_ids = {94822}, @@ -24454,7 +24583,7 @@ @article{bib2751 year = {2011} } -@article{bib2752, +@article{bib2766, author = {François, Alexandre}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {92720}, @@ -24465,7 +24594,7 @@ @article{bib2752 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2753, +@article{bib2767, author = {François, Alexandre}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {94821}, @@ -24476,7 +24605,7 @@ @article{bib2753 year = {2005} } -@article{bib2754, +@article{bib2768, author = {Fraser, Norman M. and Corbett, Greville G.}, journal = {Lingua}, title = {Defaults in Arapesh}, @@ -24484,7 +24613,7 @@ @article{bib2754 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2755, +@book{bib2769, author = {Fraser, W.K.}, pages = {38}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, @@ -24492,7 +24621,7 @@ @book{bib2755 year = {1908} } -@book{bib2756, +@book{bib2770, author = {Freeland, L. S. and Broadbent, Sylvia M.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -24501,7 +24630,7 @@ @book{bib2756 year = {1960} } -@book{bib2757, +@book{bib2771, author = {Freeze, R. A.}, publisher = {University of Missouri, Museum of Anthropology}, series = {University of Missouri Monographs in Anthropology}, @@ -24510,13 +24639,13 @@ @book{bib2757 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib2758, +@misc{bib2772, author = {Freeze, Ray A.}, title = {Case in a Grammar of K'ekchi' (Maya)}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib2759, +@book{bib2773, author = {Freeze, Ray A.}, pages = {166}, publisher = {Instituto de Investigación e Integración Social del Estado de Oaxaca}, @@ -24525,7 +24654,7 @@ @book{bib2759 year = {1989} } -@article{bib2760, +@article{bib2774, author = {Freudenburg, Allen}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -24538,7 +24667,7 @@ @article{bib2760 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib2761, +@incollection{bib2775, author = {Frick, Esther and Bolli, Margrit}, editor = {Houïs, Maurice}, booktitle = {Actes du 8ème congrès international de linguistique africaine, Abidjan, 24-28 mars 1969 Annales de l’Univ. d’Abidjan, série H: linguistique, hors série, #1}, @@ -24548,7 +24677,7 @@ @incollection{bib2761 year = {1971} } -@phdthesis{bib2762, +@phdthesis{bib2776, author = {Fried, Robert Wayne}, local_ids = {95100}, school = {University of Buffalo, State University of New York}, @@ -24556,7 +24685,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib2762 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2763, +@incollection{bib2777, author = {Friede, Juan}, booktitle = {Actes du XXVIIIe Congrès International des Américanistes, Paris, 1947 Musée de l'Homme}, pages = {255-263}, @@ -24564,7 +24693,7 @@ @incollection{bib2763 year = {1948} } -@book{bib2764, +@book{bib2778, author = {Friede, Juan}, pages = {202-219}, publisher = {Royal Anthropological Institute}, @@ -24572,7 +24701,7 @@ @book{bib2764 year = {1952} } -@book{bib2765, +@book{bib2779, author = {Friend-Pereira, J. E.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Bengal Secretariat Book Depôt}, @@ -24580,7 +24709,7 @@ @book{bib2765 year = {1909} } -@incollection{bib2766, +@incollection{bib2780, author = {Frikel, Protasio}, editor = {Becher, Hans}, booktitle = {Beiträge zur Völkerkunde Südamerikas: Festgabe für Herbert Baldus zum 65.~Geburtstag Völkerkundliche Abhandlungen}, @@ -24591,7 +24720,7 @@ @incollection{bib2766 year = {1964} } -@book{bib2767, +@book{bib2781, author = {Frikel, Protasio}, series = {Publicaçoes Avulsas}, title = {Os Kaxúyana: Notas etno-históricas}, @@ -24599,7 +24728,7 @@ @book{bib2767 year = {1970} } -@article{bib2768, +@article{bib2782, author = {Frikel, P.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {509-563}, @@ -24608,7 +24737,7 @@ @article{bib2768 year = {1957} } -@book{bib2769, +@book{bib2783, author = {Fritz, Georg}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Georg Reimer}, @@ -24618,7 +24747,7 @@ @book{bib2769 year = {1911} } -@article{bib2770, +@article{bib2784, author = {Froelich, Jean-Claude and Alexandre, Pierre}, journal = {Bull. de l’IFAN (Inst. Français de l’Afrique Noire), série B: sciences humaines}, pages = {211-275}, @@ -24627,14 +24756,14 @@ @article{bib2770 year = {1960} } -@misc{bib2771, +@misc{bib2785, author = {Frowein, Friedel}, local_ids = {98161}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib2772, +@article{bib2786, author = {Fu, Zhennan 符鎮南}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {4}, @@ -24644,7 +24773,7 @@ @article{bib2772 year = {1990} } -@article{bib2773, +@article{bib2787, author = {Fu and 符昌忠, Changzhong and and 王軼之, Yizhi Wang}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {6}, @@ -24654,7 +24783,7 @@ @article{bib2773 year = {2013} } -@article{bib2774, +@article{bib2788, author = {Fu, Changzhong 符昌忠}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, local_ids = {99175}, @@ -24666,7 +24795,7 @@ @article{bib2774 year = {2011} } -@article{bib2775, +@article{bib2789, author = {Fu, Changzhong 符昌忠}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {1}, @@ -24676,7 +24805,7 @@ @article{bib2775 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2776, +@article{bib2790, author = {Fuchs, Helmut}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {36-48}, @@ -24685,14 +24814,14 @@ @article{bib2776 year = {1959} } -@book{bib2777, +@book{bib2791, author = {Fuchs, Anna}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Morphologie des Verbs im Cahuilla}, year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib2778, +@incollection{bib2792, author = {Fuchs, H.}, booktitle = {Verhandlungen des XXXVIII.~Internationalen Amerikanistenkongresses, Stuttgart-München, 12.~bis 18.~August Klaus Renner}, pages = {13-22}, @@ -24700,7 +24829,7 @@ @incollection{bib2778 year = {1971} } -@article{bib2779, +@article{bib2793, author = {Dyson, W. S. and Fuchs, V. E.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {327-338}, @@ -24709,7 +24838,7 @@ @article{bib2779 year = {1937} } -@article{bib2780, +@article{bib2794, author = {Fuchs, Helmuth}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {69-103}, @@ -24718,7 +24847,7 @@ @article{bib2780 year = {1967} } -@book{bib2781, +@book{bib2795, author = {Fuentes, Jordi}, address = {Santiago, Chile}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -24728,7 +24857,7 @@ @book{bib2781 year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib2782, +@incollection{bib2796, author = {Fukui, Katsuyoshi}, editor = {Tomakawa, Morimichi}, booktitle = {Sudan Sahel studies}, @@ -24737,7 +24866,7 @@ @incollection{bib2782 year = {1986} } -@book{bib2783, +@book{bib2797, author = {Full, Wolfram}, pages = {xvi, 297}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe Verlag}, @@ -24746,19 +24875,19 @@ @book{bib2783 year = {2006} } -@book{bib2784, +@book{bib2798, author = {Fuller, Eugene and Wi, Ja and Ngai, Ja}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Chru Language Lessons}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib2785, +@misc{bib2799, author = {Fuller, J.J.}, title = {Unpublished notes on Abo} } -@article{bib2786, +@article{bib2800, author = {Funke, Emil}, journal = {Archiv für Anthropologie}, pages = {161-163}, @@ -24767,7 +24896,7 @@ @article{bib2786 year = {1917} } -@article{bib2787, +@article{bib2801, author = {Funke, Emil}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {37-62}, @@ -24776,7 +24905,7 @@ @article{bib2787 year = {1911/12} } -@article{bib2788, +@article{bib2802, author = {Funke, Emil}, journal = {Mitt. des Seminars für orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {182-226}, @@ -24785,7 +24914,7 @@ @article{bib2788 year = {1911} } -@article{bib2789, +@article{bib2803, author = {Funke, E.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {52-84}, @@ -24794,7 +24923,7 @@ @article{bib2789 year = {1915} } -@misc{bib2790, +@misc{bib2804, author = {Furbee, N. Louanna}, local_ids = {95660}, title = {Tojolabal Language Documentation Center}, @@ -24802,7 +24931,7 @@ @misc{bib2790 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2791, +@misc{bib2805, author = {Furbee, N. Louanna}, local_ids = {2284}, title = {"Tojolabal (SIL CODE: toj) (Maya) Language Documentation Project" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -24810,7 +24939,7 @@ @misc{bib2791 year = {2007} } -@book{bib2792, +@book{bib2806, author = {Furbee-Losee, Louanna}, publisher = {Garland}, series = {Garland studies in American Indian linguistics}, @@ -24818,7 +24947,7 @@ @book{bib2792 year = {1976} } -@book{bib2793, +@book{bib2807, author = {Furby, E. S. and Furby, C. E.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -24828,7 +24957,7 @@ @book{bib2793 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib2794, +@incollection{bib2808, author = {Furby, Christine E.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 7 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {1-11}, @@ -24838,7 +24967,7 @@ @incollection{bib2794 year = {1974} } -@article{bib2795, +@article{bib2809, author = {Furby, Christine E.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {1-31}, @@ -24847,7 +24976,7 @@ @article{bib2795 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib2796, +@incollection{bib2810, author = {Furlong, Charles Wellington}, editor = {Hodge, F. W.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the nineteenth international congress of Americanists, held at Washington, December 15-17, 1915}, @@ -24856,7 +24985,7 @@ @incollection{bib2796 year = {1917} } -@book{bib2797, +@book{bib2811, author = {Futscher, Otto}, pages = {286}, publisher = {Anthropos Institut}, @@ -24866,13 +24995,13 @@ @book{bib2797 year = {1959} } -@misc{bib2798, +@misc{bib2812, author = {Félix Armendáriz, R. G.}, title = {A Grammar of River Warihio}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib2799, +@incollection{bib2813, author = {Gabanamotse-Mogara, Budzani}, editor = {Hieda, Osamu and König, Christa and Nakagawa, Hirosi}, address = {Amsterdam & Philadelphia}, @@ -24886,13 +25015,13 @@ @incollection{bib2799 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2800, +@misc{bib2814, author = {Gabas and Jr. and Nilson}, title = {A Grammar of Karo, Tupí (Brazil)}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib2801, +@misc{bib2815, author = {Gabas Jr., Nilson}, local_ids = {24618}, title = {"Documentation and description of Karo, Brazil" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -24900,14 +25029,14 @@ @misc{bib2801 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib2802, +@misc{bib2816, author = {Gabas and Jr. and Nilson}, pages = {85}, title = {Estudo fonológico da língua karo (Arara de Rondônia)}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib2803, +@book{bib2817, author = {Gabas and Jr. and Nilson}, address = {München}, pages = {85}, @@ -24918,7 +25047,7 @@ @book{bib2803 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib2804, +@incollection{bib2818, author = {Gabas, Nilson}, editor = {van der Voort, Hein and van de Kerke, Simon}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -24930,7 +25059,7 @@ @incollection{bib2804 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib2805, +@misc{bib2819, author = {Gabjanda, James D.}, local_ids = {98164}, pages = {230}, @@ -24940,13 +25069,13 @@ @misc{bib2805 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib2806, +@misc{bib2820, author = {Gaby, Alice Rose}, title = {A Grammar of Kuuk Thaayorre}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib2807, +@book{bib2821, author = {Pittier, H. and Gagini, C.}, address = {San José de Costa Rica}, publisher = {Tipografía Nacional}, @@ -24954,7 +25083,7 @@ @book{bib2807 year = {1892} } -@article{bib2808, +@article{bib2822, author = {Gai and 蓋興之, Xingzhi and and 王豔, Yan Wang}, journal = {Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale}, number = {2}, @@ -24964,14 +25093,14 @@ @article{bib2808 year = {2013} } -@book{bib2809, +@book{bib2823, author = {Gaillard, R. and Poutrin, Lucien}, publisher = {Emile Larose}, title = {Etude anthropologique des populations des regions du Tchad et du Kanem}, year = {1914} } -@book{bib2810, +@book{bib2824, author = {Cain, Bruce D. and Gair, James W.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -24981,7 +25110,7 @@ @book{bib2810 year = {2000} } -@article{bib2811, +@article{bib2825, author = {Gaisser, Karl}, journal = {Mitt. aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten}, number = {4}, @@ -24991,7 +25120,7 @@ @article{bib2811 year = {1912} } -@book{bib2812, +@book{bib2826, author = {Gajdusek, C. D.}, address = {Bethesda, Maryland}, publisher = {Study of Child Growth and Development Disease Patterns in Primitive Cultures, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health}, @@ -24999,13 +25128,13 @@ @book{bib2812 year = {1972} } -@misc{bib2813, +@misc{bib2827, author = {Gakran, Nanblá}, title = {Aspectos Morfossintáticos da Língua Laklãnõ (Xokleng) "Jê"}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib2814, +@incollection{bib2828, author = {Galand, Lionel}, booktitle = {Petites Soeurs de Jésus, Contes touarègues de l'Air Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France}, pages = {15-41}, @@ -25013,7 +25142,7 @@ @incollection{bib2814 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib2815, +@misc{bib2829, author = {McHughes, Eileen and Williams, Phyllis and Koolmatrie, Verna and Gale, Mary-Anne}, local_ids = {98100}, title = {Lakun Ngarrindjeri Thunggari: Weaving the Ngarrindjeri Language Back to Health}, @@ -25021,7 +25150,7 @@ @misc{bib2815 year = {2009} } -@book{bib2816, +@book{bib2830, author = {Galis, Klaas Wilhelm}, address = {Hollandia}, publisher = {Gouvernement van Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea, Kantoor Bevolkingszaken}, @@ -25029,13 +25158,13 @@ @book{bib2816 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib2817, +@misc{bib2831, author = {Galis, Klaas Wilhelm}, title = {VIIb: The Northeastern Corner: Arso, Waris, Jafi, Dĕra, etc.}, year = {no date} } -@book{bib2818, +@book{bib2832, author = {Gallardo, Carlos R.}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Cabaut y Cía}, @@ -25044,7 +25173,7 @@ @book{bib2818 year = {1910} } -@incollection{bib2819, +@incollection{bib2833, author = {Gallego, Maria Kristina}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -25059,7 +25188,7 @@ @incollection{bib2819 year = {2020} } -@book{bib2820, +@book{bib2834, author = {Galloway, Brent D.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -25069,7 +25198,7 @@ @book{bib2820 year = {1993} } -@book{bib2821, +@book{bib2835, author = {Galloway, Brent D.}, address = {Hull}, publisher = {Canadian Museum of Civilization}, @@ -25079,7 +25208,7 @@ @book{bib2821 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib2822, +@incollection{bib2836, author = {Galucio, Ana Vilacy}, booktitle = {Information Structure and Reference Tracking in Complex Sentences}, chapter = {Argument marking and reference tracking in Mekens}, @@ -25090,19 +25219,19 @@ @incollection{bib2822 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2823, +@misc{bib2837, author = {Galucio, Ana Vilacy}, title = {Mekens Syntax, a preliminary survey}, year = {1996} } -@misc{bib2824, +@misc{bib2838, author = {Galucio, Ana Vilacy}, title = {The Morphosyntax of Mekens (Tupi)}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib2825, +@article{bib2839, author = {Galvão, E.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista, N.S.}, pages = {469-477}, @@ -25111,7 +25240,7 @@ @article{bib2825 year = {1952} } -@incollection{bib2826, +@incollection{bib2840, author = {Wagley, Charles and Galvão, Eduardo}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, booktitle = {The Tropical Forest Tribes Handbook of South American Indians}, @@ -25122,7 +25251,7 @@ @incollection{bib2826 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib2827, +@incollection{bib2841, author = {Wagley, Charles and Galvão, Eduardo}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -25134,7 +25263,7 @@ @incollection{bib2827 year = {1948} } -@book{bib2828, +@book{bib2842, author = {Gamble, Geoffrey}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -25144,14 +25273,14 @@ @book{bib2828 year = {1978} } -@book{bib2829, +@book{bib2843, author = {Gan, Chunyan 甘春妍}, publisher = {Nankai University Press}, title = {博羅畬語研究 [A study of Buluo She]}, year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib2830, +@incollection{bib2844, author = {Ganambarr, Merrkiyawuy}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -25160,13 +25289,13 @@ @incollection{bib2830 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib2831, +@misc{bib2845, author = {Ganong, Tina W.}, title = {Features of Baga Morphology, Syntax, and Narrative Discourse}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib2832, +@book{bib2846, author = {Ganzenmüller, K.}, pages = {94-124}, publisher = {Mitt. des Vereins für Erdkunde zu Halle.}, @@ -25174,14 +25303,14 @@ @book{bib2832 year = {1886} } -@book{bib2833, +@book{bib2847, author = {Gao, Erqiang 高爾鏘}, publisher = {Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {塔吉克語簡志 A sketch grammar of Sarikoli}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib2834, +@article{bib2848, author = {Gao, Katie B.}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, @@ -25194,34 +25323,34 @@ @article{bib2834 year = {2015} } -@book{bib2835, +@book{bib2849, author = {Gao, Yongqi 高永奇}, publisher = {The Nationalities Press 民族出版社}, title = {布興語研究 Buxing yu yanjiu [A study of Buxing]}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib2836, +@book{bib2850, author = {Gao, Erqiang 高爾鏘}, publisher = {Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House 四川民族出版社}, title = {塔吉克漢辭典 [Sarikoli-Chinese dictionary]}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib2837, +@book{bib2851, author = {Garantjang, Ahmad and Dahlan Kadjia, Nuhung B. and Sulaeman, Hanafi}, publisher = {Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayan}, title = {Struktur Bahasa Napu}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib2838, +@misc{bib2852, author = {Garay, Ana Fernández}, title = {Le Tehuelche: Description d'une langue en train de disparaître}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib2839, +@book{bib2853, author = {Garay, A. F.}, address = {Buenos Aires}, pages = {520}, @@ -25231,7 +25360,7 @@ @book{bib2839 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib2840, +@incollection{bib2854, author = {Garay, Ana Fernández}, editor = {Key, Mary Ritchie}, booktitle = {Language Change In South American Indian Languages}, @@ -25240,7 +25369,7 @@ @incollection{bib2840 year = {1991} } -@book{bib2841, +@book{bib2855, author = {Garbell, Irene}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8534}, @@ -25251,21 +25380,21 @@ @book{bib2841 year = {1965} } -@book{bib2842, +@book{bib2856, author = {Garbell, Irene}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Persian Azerbayan}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib2843, +@book{bib2857, author = {Garcia, German E. Franco and Sanchez, Jose Raul Mongui}, publisher = {Stella}, title = {Gramática yebamasa: lingüistica aplicada}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib2844, +@incollection{bib2858, author = {Garcia-Mason, Velma}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -25276,7 +25405,7 @@ @incollection{bib2844 year = {1979} } -@book{bib2845, +@book{bib2859, author = {García, Constancio Pinto}, address = {Medellín}, publisher = {Editorial Gran-América}, @@ -25284,7 +25413,7 @@ @book{bib2845 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib2846, +@misc{bib2860, author = {Gardner, William L.}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {96520}, @@ -25293,7 +25422,7 @@ @misc{bib2846 year = {1990} } -@book{bib2847, +@book{bib2861, author = {Gardner, Simon and Siebert, Ralph}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {46070}, @@ -25305,7 +25434,7 @@ @book{bib2847 year = {2001} } -@book{bib2848, +@book{bib2862, author = {Garkavec', Oleksandr}, address = {Alma-Ata}, publisher = {Ukrains'kij Kul'turnij Centr}, @@ -25313,7 +25442,7 @@ @book{bib2848 year = {1999} } -@article{bib2849, +@article{bib2863, author = {Garrett, Andrew}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {264-312}, @@ -25322,7 +25451,7 @@ @article{bib2849 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2850, +@incollection{bib2864, author = {Garth, T. R.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -25333,7 +25462,7 @@ @incollection{bib2850 year = {1978} } -@article{bib2851, +@article{bib2865, author = {Garvin, Paul L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -25343,7 +25472,7 @@ @article{bib2851 year = {1948} } -@article{bib2852, +@article{bib2866, author = {Garvin, Paul L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {87-90}, @@ -25352,7 +25481,7 @@ @article{bib2852 year = {1948} } -@article{bib2853, +@article{bib2867, author = {Garvin, Paul L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -25362,7 +25491,7 @@ @article{bib2853 year = {1948} } -@article{bib2854, +@article{bib2868, author = {Garvin, Paul L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, title = {Various Kutenai Papers in IJAL 1947-1954}, @@ -25370,7 +25499,7 @@ @article{bib2854 year = {1947-1954} } -@incollection{bib2855, +@incollection{bib2869, author = {Gasparini, Noé and Mendez, Victor Hugo Dicarere}, booktitle = {Diccionario Siriono}, local_ids = {99277}, @@ -25380,13 +25509,13 @@ @incollection{bib2855 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib2856, +@misc{bib2870, author = {Gatan, Fe Yolanda V.}, title = {Isang Durungawan sa Kasaysayang Lokal ng Nueva Vizcaya: Ang Nakaraan ng mga Isinay at Ilongot, 1591-1947. (An examinatino of the local history of Nueva Vizcaya: The history of the Isinay and Ilongot, 1591-1947)}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib2857, +@article{bib2871, author = {Gatschet, Albert S.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {341-351, 366-418}, @@ -25395,7 +25524,7 @@ @article{bib2857 year = {1877} } -@article{bib2858, +@article{bib2872, author = {Gatschet, Albert S.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Ethnologie}, pages = {123-147}, @@ -25404,7 +25533,7 @@ @article{bib2858 year = {1883} } -@article{bib2859, +@article{bib2873, author = {Gatschet, Albert S.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Ethnologie}, pages = {97-122}, @@ -25413,7 +25542,7 @@ @article{bib2859 year = {1886} } -@article{bib2860, +@article{bib2874, author = {Gatschet, Albert S.}, journal = {American Anthroplogist}, number = {3}, @@ -25423,7 +25552,7 @@ @article{bib2860 year = {1900} } -@article{bib2861, +@article{bib2875, author = {Gatschet, Albert S.}, journal = {American Antiquarian and Oriental Journal}, pages = {81-84}, @@ -25432,7 +25561,7 @@ @article{bib2861 year = {1878} } -@book{bib2862, +@book{bib2876, author = {Gatschet, Albert Samuel}, address = {Washington, D. C.}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, @@ -25442,7 +25571,7 @@ @book{bib2862 year = {1890} } -@incollection{bib2863, +@incollection{bib2877, author = {Gaudefroy-Demombynes, Maurice}, booktitle = {Actes du 14ème congrès international des orientalistes, Alger, 1905 Ernest Leroux}, pages = {172-330}, @@ -25450,7 +25579,7 @@ @incollection{bib2863 year = {1906/07} } -@article{bib2864, +@article{bib2878, author = {Gaudiche, Le Capitaine}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Africanistes}, pages = {11-32}, @@ -25459,13 +25588,13 @@ @article{bib2864 year = {1938} } -@misc{bib2865, +@misc{bib2879, author = {Gautam, Bhim Lal}, title = {Morphology of Kumal verbs}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib2866, +@article{bib2880, author = {Gautam, Bimal}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {BBC}, @@ -25476,7 +25605,7 @@ @article{bib2866 year = {2012} } -@article{bib2867, +@article{bib2881, author = {Gautam, Bhim Lal}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98221}, @@ -25488,7 +25617,7 @@ @article{bib2867 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib2868, +@misc{bib2882, author = {Gawne, Lauren}, local_ids = {98625}, title = {"Documenting and describing Kagate, an endangered Tibeto-Burman language of Nepal HRELP" Abstract}, @@ -25496,7 +25625,7 @@ @misc{bib2868 year = {2015} } -@article{bib2869, +@article{bib2883, author = {Gawne, Lauren}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {34-41}, @@ -25505,7 +25634,7 @@ @article{bib2869 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2870, +@incollection{bib2884, author = {Gawne, Lauren}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -25520,7 +25649,7 @@ @incollection{bib2870 year = {2017} } -@article{bib2871, +@article{bib2885, author = {Gawne, Lauren}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Journal}, pages = {1-27}, @@ -25529,7 +25658,7 @@ @article{bib2871 year = {2013} } -@article{bib2872, +@article{bib2886, author = {Gebeyehu, Dessalegn}, institution = {Foundation for Endangered Languages}, journal = {Ogmios}, @@ -25541,13 +25670,13 @@ @article{bib2872 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib2873, +@misc{bib2887, author = {Gebze, Wilhelmus and Donohue, Mark}, title = {Kamus kecil bahasa Moraori. [Morori picture dictionary]}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib2874, +@misc{bib2888, author = {{Fentaw Gedamu}, Amare}, howpublished = {The Language Documentation Crowd project page}, local_ids = {97480}, @@ -25557,14 +25686,14 @@ @misc{bib2874 year = {2014} } -@book{bib2875, +@book{bib2889, author = {Hudak, Thomas John and Gedney, William J.}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i Press}, title = {William J. Gedney's concise Saek-English, English-Saek lexicon}, year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2876, +@incollection{bib2890, author = {Geiger, Wilhlem}, booktitle = {Indian Historical Quarterly}, pages = {504-516}, @@ -25572,7 +25701,7 @@ @incollection{bib2876 year = {1935} } -@book{bib2877, +@book{bib2891, author = {Geluwe, H. van}, pages = {ix, 130, map}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, @@ -25581,7 +25710,7 @@ @book{bib2877 year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib2878, +@incollection{bib2892, author = {Genetti, Carol}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -25592,7 +25721,7 @@ @incollection{bib2878 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2879, +@book{bib2893, author = {Genetti and Coupe, Carol; and Bartee, Alec R.; and Hildebrandt, Ellen; and Kristine and Lin, You-Jing}, pages = {97-143}, publisher = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area .}, @@ -25600,14 +25729,14 @@ @book{bib2879 year = {2009} } -@book{bib2880, +@book{bib2894, author = {Genko, A. N.}, publisher = {Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Abazinskij jazyk}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib2881, +@book{bib2895, author = {Geoghegan, Richard Henry}, pages = {iii, 169}, publisher = {Dept. of the Interior, Washington}, @@ -25615,14 +25744,14 @@ @book{bib2881 year = {1944} } -@book{bib2882, +@book{bib2896, author = {Georg, Ralf-Stefan and Volodin, Alexander P.}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Die itelmenische Sprache}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib2883, +@book{bib2897, author = {Georg, Stefan}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -25632,13 +25761,13 @@ @book{bib2883 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib2884, +@misc{bib2898, author = {Georg, Stefan}, title = {Marphatan Thakali. Untersuchungen zur Sprache des Dorfes Marpha im Oberen Kali-Gandaki-Tal/Nepal}, year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2885, +@incollection{bib2899, author = {Georg, Stefan}, editor = {Janhunen, Juha}, booktitle = {The Mongolic languages}, @@ -25649,7 +25778,7 @@ @incollection{bib2885 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2886, +@incollection{bib2900, author = {Georg, Stefan}, editor = {Janhunen, Juha}, address = {London}, @@ -25662,7 +25791,7 @@ @incollection{bib2886 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib2887, +@incollection{bib2901, author = {George, K. M.}, editor = {Ball, M. J. and Fife, J.}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -25671,7 +25800,7 @@ @incollection{bib2887 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib2888, +@incollection{bib2902, author = {George, Ken}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -25682,7 +25811,7 @@ @incollection{bib2888 year = {2010} } -@book{bib2889, +@book{bib2903, author = {Moroz, George and Naccarato, Chiara and Verhees, Samira}, institution = {Linguistic Convergence Laboratory}, local_ids = {99662}, @@ -25696,7 +25825,7 @@ @book{bib2889 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib2890, +@incollection{bib2904, author = {Gerdel, Florence}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola}, booktitle = {Sistemas fonológicas de idiomas colombianos 2}, @@ -25705,7 +25834,7 @@ @incollection{bib2890 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib2891, +@incollection{bib2905, author = {Gerdel, Florence L. and Slocum, Marianna C.}, editor = {Longacre, Robert E. and Woods, Frances}, booktitle = {Discourse grammar: Studies in indigenous languages of Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, part 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -25716,7 +25845,7 @@ @incollection{bib2891 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib2892, +@incollection{bib2906, author = {Gerdel, Florence}, editor = {Brend, Ruth M.}, booktitle = {From Phonology to Discourse}, @@ -25725,7 +25854,7 @@ @incollection{bib2892 year = {1985} } -@article{bib2893, +@article{bib2907, author = {Gerdts, Donna B.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {120-136}, @@ -25734,7 +25863,7 @@ @article{bib2893 year = {1988} } -@article{bib2894, +@article{bib2908, author = {Gerdts, Donna B. and Hukari, Thomas}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}, pages = {51-62}, @@ -25743,14 +25872,14 @@ @article{bib2894 year = {2005} } -@book{bib2895, +@book{bib2909, author = {Gerdts, Donna}, publisher = {Garland}, title = {Object and Absolutive in Halkomelem Salish}, year = {1988} } -@article{bib2896, +@article{bib2910, author = {Gerhardt, Ludwig}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {1}, @@ -25760,7 +25889,7 @@ @article{bib2896 year = {1984} } -@book{bib2897, +@book{bib2911, author = {Gerstner, Andreas}, publisher = {Anthropos Institut}, series = {Micro-Bibliotheca Anthropos}, @@ -25769,7 +25898,7 @@ @book{bib2897 year = {1963} } -@incollection{bib2898, +@incollection{bib2912, author = {Gervé, Sako}, editor = {Vassiliev, A.}, booktitle = {... = Afrique: problèmes du passage à la société civile (actes du VI colloque des africanistes russes, tenu à Moscou 16-18 novembre 1994)}, @@ -25778,7 +25907,7 @@ @incollection{bib2898 year = {1994} } -@book{bib2899, +@book{bib2913, author = {Gerzenstein, Ana}, publisher = {Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires}, series = {Colección Nuestra América: Archivo de Lenguas Indoamericanas}, @@ -25786,14 +25915,14 @@ @book{bib2899 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib2900, +@misc{bib2914, author = {Gessain, Monique and Lestrange, Marie-Thérêse de and Benaben, J.}, pages = {207}, title = {Documents sur l’alimentation des bassari, boïn et peul du département de Kédougou, Sénégal oriental}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib2901, +@book{bib2915, author = {Gessain, Monique}, pages = {106}, publisher = {Soc. des Africanistes}, @@ -25801,7 +25930,7 @@ @book{bib2901 year = {1967} } -@article{bib2902, +@article{bib2916, author = {Gessain, Monique}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, number = {3}, @@ -25811,7 +25940,7 @@ @article{bib2902 year = {1960} } -@article{bib2903, +@article{bib2917, author = {Gessain, Monique}, journal = {Journal de la Soc. des Africanistes}, pages = {43-90}, @@ -25820,7 +25949,7 @@ @article{bib2903 year = {1958} } -@book{bib2904, +@book{bib2918, author = {Gessain, Monique and Lestrange, Marie-Thérêse de}, publisher = {Soc. des Africanistes}, series = {Mémoires de la Soc. des Africanistes}, @@ -25828,7 +25957,7 @@ @book{bib2904 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib2905, +@misc{bib2919, author = {Gessner and Suzanne and Herbertn, Tracey and Parker, Aliana}, local_ids = {99709}, title = {Report on the Status of B.C. First Nations Languages (Fourth Edition)}, @@ -25836,14 +25965,14 @@ @misc{bib2905 year = {2022} } -@misc{bib2906, +@misc{bib2920, author = {Gevrey, [?]}, pages = {213}, title = {Essai sur les Comores}, year = {1870} } -@incollection{bib2907, +@incollection{bib2921, author = {Geytenbeek, Helen}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 12 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, pages = {23-35}, @@ -25852,7 +25981,7 @@ @incollection{bib2907 year = {1980} } -@book{bib2908, +@book{bib2922, author = {Geytenbeek, Brian and Geytenbeek, Helen}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, series = {Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -25861,7 +25990,7 @@ @book{bib2908 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib2909, +@incollection{bib2923, author = {Ghani, Bibi Aminah Abdul}, editor = {Alas, Chong Shin; Karim Harun; Yabit}, address = {Pontianak}, @@ -25873,14 +26002,14 @@ @incollection{bib2909 year = {2006} } -@book{bib2910, +@book{bib2924, author = {Ghinassi, Juan}, publisher = {Talleres Gráficos de Educación}, title = {Gramática teórico-práctica y vocabulario de la lengua Jibara}, year = {1938} } -@book{bib2911, +@book{bib2925, author = {Giacomo-Marcellesi, Mathé}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -25890,33 +26019,33 @@ @book{bib2911 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib2912, +@misc{bib2926, author = {Giacon, John}, local_ids = {98622}, title = {A grammar of Yuwaalaraay and Gamilaraay: A description of two New South Wales languages based on 160 years of records}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2913, +@misc{bib2927, author = {Giacon, J.}, title = {Creating New Words in Gamilaraay and Yuwaalaraay}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib2914, +@book{bib2928, author = {Giacone, Antonio}, publisher = {Velho Lino de Lino Aguiar}, title = {Pequena gramática e dicionário da lingua Tucana}, year = {1000} } -@misc{bib2915, +@misc{bib2929, author = {Giacone, Antonio}, title = {Pequena gramática e dicionário Português Ubde-Nehern ou Macú}, year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib2916, +@incollection{bib2930, author = {Gianno, Rosemary}, editor = {Winzeler, Robert}, booktitle = {Indigenous Peoples and the State: Politics, Land, and Ethnicity in the Malayan Peninsula and Borneo}, @@ -25928,7 +26057,7 @@ @incollection{bib2916 year = {1997} } -@book{bib2917, +@book{bib2931, author = {Gibson, Michael Luke}, pages = {103}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -25939,7 +26068,7 @@ @book{bib2917 year = {1996} } -@book{bib2918, +@book{bib2932, author = {Gibson, J. A.}, series = {University of Hawaii Working Papers in Linguistics}, title = {Shuswap Grammatical Structure}, @@ -25947,7 +26076,7 @@ @book{bib2918 year = {1973} } -@book{bib2919, +@book{bib2933, author = {Giger, Marti}, copied_from = {EBALL}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, @@ -25958,13 +26087,13 @@ @book{bib2919 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib2920, +@misc{bib2934, author = {Gildea, S.}, title = {Comparative Cariban morphosyntax: on the genesis of ergativity in independent clauses}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib2921, +@misc{bib2935, author = {Gildea, Spike}, howpublished = {personal communication}, local_ids = {98337}, @@ -25973,14 +26102,14 @@ @misc{bib2921 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib2922, +@misc{bib2936, author = {Gildea, Spike}, howpublished = {Personal communication.}, local_ids = {98406}, title = {Personal communication about Mapoyo, Yawarana, Pémono, and Tamanaku} } -@incollection{bib2923, +@incollection{bib2937, author = {Gildea, Spike}, editor = {Givón, T.}, booktitle = {Voice and Inversion}, @@ -25989,20 +26118,20 @@ @incollection{bib2923 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib2924, +@misc{bib2938, author = {Gildea, Spike L. O.}, title = {Simple and Relative Clauses in Panare}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib2925, +@book{bib2939, author = {Gill, Wayne and Gill, Ruth}, publisher = {New Tribes Mission, Bolivia}, title = {A Pedagogical Grammar of the Chimane (Tsimane') Language}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib2926, +@incollection{bib2940, author = {Gillies, W.}, editor = {Ball, M. J.}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -26011,7 +26140,7 @@ @incollection{bib2926 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib2927, +@incollection{bib2941, author = {Gillin, John}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -26023,7 +26152,7 @@ @incollection{bib2927 year = {1948} } -@book{bib2928, +@book{bib2942, author = {Gimeno, Francisco Raga}, address = {València}, publisher = {Universitat}, @@ -26033,7 +26162,7 @@ @book{bib2928 year = {1995} } -@book{bib2929, +@book{bib2943, author = {Giner Abati, Francisco}, local_ids = {98312}, publisher = {Amarú Ediciones}, @@ -26041,7 +26170,7 @@ @book{bib2929 year = {1992} } -@article{bib2930, +@article{bib2944, author = {Giorda, Joseph}, journal = {St}, title = {A Dictionary of the Kalispel or Flat-head Indian Language}, @@ -26049,14 +26178,14 @@ @article{bib2930 year = {1877} } -@book{bib2931, +@book{bib2945, author = {Gipper, Helmut}, publisher = {Fischer Verlag}, title = {Gibt es ein sprachliches Relativitätsprinzip? - Untersuchungen zur Sapir-Whorf-Hypothese}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib2932, +@book{bib2946, author = {Girard, Raphaël}, address = {México}, pages = {356}, @@ -26065,7 +26194,7 @@ @book{bib2932 year = {1958} } -@article{bib2933, +@article{bib2947, author = {Girard, Tim and Middleton, M.}, journal = {SLLE (Survey of little-known languages of Ethiopia) linguistic reports}, pages = {(?}, @@ -26074,7 +26203,7 @@ @article{bib2933 year = {1993} } -@book{bib2934, +@book{bib2948, author = {Girard, Tim}, pages = {10}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -26083,7 +26212,7 @@ @book{bib2934 year = {2002} } -@book{bib2935, +@book{bib2949, author = {Girfanova, Albina H.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -26093,7 +26222,7 @@ @book{bib2935 year = {2002} } -@book{bib2936, +@book{bib2950, author = {Giridhar, P. P.}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -26102,7 +26231,7 @@ @book{bib2936 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib2937, +@misc{bib2951, author = {Hoeng, Sabine and Birch, Bruce and Williams, Joy and Marrala, Khaki and Girribuk, Rae}, local_ids = {89500}, title = {Iwaidja Inyman}, @@ -26110,7 +26239,7 @@ @misc{bib2937 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib2938, +@incollection{bib2952, author = {Girón, Jesús Mario}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -26122,7 +26251,7 @@ @incollection{bib2938 year = {1998} } -@book{bib2939, +@book{bib2953, author = {Girón, Jesús Mario}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {Una gramática del Wãnsöjöt (Puinave)}, @@ -26130,13 +26259,13 @@ @book{bib2939 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib2940, +@misc{bib2954, author = {Girón Higuita, Jesús Mario}, title = {Morfología de la palabra y la predicación verbal en Puinave}, year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib2941, +@incollection{bib2955, author = {Cosper, Ronald and Gital, Garba Mohammed}, editor = {Takács, Gabor}, booktitle = {Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Afro-Asiatic) Studies in Memoriam W. Vycichl}, @@ -26147,7 +26276,7 @@ @incollection{bib2941 year = {2004} } -@book{bib2942, +@book{bib2956, author = {Givón, Talmy}, address = {Ignacio, Colorado}, publisher = {Ute Press, The Southern Ute Tribe}, @@ -26155,7 +26284,7 @@ @book{bib2942 year = {1980} } -@book{bib2943, +@book{bib2957, author = {Glasgow, Kathleen}, address = {Berriman, Australia}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -26165,7 +26294,7 @@ @book{bib2943 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2944, +@incollection{bib2958, author = {Glasgow, Kathleen}, editor = {Waters, Bruce}, booktitle = {Australian phonologies: Collected papers Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, Australian Aborigines Branch A}, @@ -26176,7 +26305,7 @@ @incollection{bib2944 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib2945, +@incollection{bib2959, author = {Glasgow, Kathleen}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 16 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, publisher = {Australian National University}, @@ -26185,7 +26314,7 @@ @incollection{bib2945 year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib2946, +@incollection{bib2960, author = {Glasgow, Kathleen and Garner, Mark}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 12 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, publisher = {Australian National University}, @@ -26194,7 +26323,7 @@ @incollection{bib2946 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib2947, +@incollection{bib2961, author = {Glasgow, D. and Glasgow, K.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 1 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {1-14}, @@ -26204,7 +26333,7 @@ @incollection{bib2947 year = {1967} } -@article{bib2948, +@article{bib2962, author = {Glasgow, Kathleen B.}, journal = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 17}, pages = {205-251}, @@ -26213,7 +26342,7 @@ @article{bib2948 year = {1988} } -@book{bib2949, +@book{bib2963, author = {Glass, Amee}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Work Papers of Summer Institute of Linguistics: Australian Aborigines Branch A}, @@ -26222,7 +26351,7 @@ @book{bib2949 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib2950, +@misc{bib2964, author = {Glaucia Candido, via Pilar Valenzuela}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99304}, @@ -26230,7 +26359,7 @@ @misc{bib2950 year = {2016} } -@article{bib2951, +@article{bib2965, author = {Glauning, Hans}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, number = {11}, @@ -26240,7 +26369,7 @@ @article{bib2951 year = {1904} } -@article{bib2952, +@article{bib2966, author = {Glauning, Hans}, journal = {Mitt. des Seminars für orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {128-136}, @@ -26249,7 +26378,7 @@ @article{bib2952 year = {1903} } -@book{bib2953, +@book{bib2967, author = {Glover, Jessie R. and Gurung, Deu Bahadur}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {vii+216}, @@ -26260,7 +26389,7 @@ @book{bib2953 year = {1979} } -@book{bib2954, +@book{bib2968, author = {Glover, Warren W.}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -26269,7 +26398,7 @@ @book{bib2954 year = {1974} } -@book{bib2955, +@book{bib2969, author = {Goddard, C.}, address = {Alice Springs}, publisher = {Institute for Aboriginal Development}, @@ -26277,7 +26406,7 @@ @book{bib2955 year = {1985} } -@article{bib2956, +@article{bib2970, author = {Goddard, P. E.}, journal = {Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History}, pages = {67-170}, @@ -26286,19 +26415,19 @@ @article{bib2956 year = {1912} } -@misc{bib2957, +@misc{bib2971, author = {Goddard, Cliff}, title = {A Semantically-oriented Grammar of the Yankunytjara Dialect of the Western Desert Language}, year = {1983} } -@misc{bib2958, +@misc{bib2972, author = {Goddard, C.}, title = {A Semantically-Oriented Grammar of Yankunytjatjara}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib2959, +@incollection{bib2973, author = {Goddard, Pliny Earle}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington}, @@ -26310,7 +26439,7 @@ @incollection{bib2959 year = {1911} } -@article{bib2960, +@article{bib2974, author = {Goddard, P. E.}, journal = {Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History}, pages = {295-397, 399-553}, @@ -26319,14 +26448,14 @@ @article{bib2960 year = {1917} } -@book{bib2961, +@book{bib2975, author = {Goddard, Ives}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, title = {Delaware Verbal morphology}, year = {1979} } -@article{bib2962, +@article{bib2976, author = {Goddard, Pliny Earle}, journal = {American Archaeology and Ethnology}, number = {2}, @@ -26336,14 +26465,14 @@ @article{bib2962 year = {1000} } -@book{bib2963, +@book{bib2977, author = {Goddard, Ives}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, title = {Leonard Bloomfield's Fox Lexicon}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib2964, +@incollection{bib2978, author = {Goddard, Cliff}, editor = {Goddard, Cliff and Wierzbicka, Anna}, booktitle = {Semantic and Lexical Universals}, @@ -26352,14 +26481,14 @@ @incollection{bib2964 year = {1994} } -@book{bib2965, +@book{bib2979, author = {Goddard, Ives and Bragdon, Kathleen}, publisher = {American Philosophical Society}, title = {Native Writings in Massachusett, Volume 1 and 2}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib2966, +@incollection{bib2980, author = {Goddard, Ives}, editor = {Thomason, Sarah Grey}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -26371,7 +26500,7 @@ @incollection{bib2966 year = {1997} } -@article{bib2967, +@article{bib2981, author = {Goddard, Ives}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {16-48}, @@ -26380,13 +26509,13 @@ @article{bib2967 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib2968, +@misc{bib2982, author = {Goddard, Pliny Earle}, title = {The Morphology of the Hupa Language}, year = {1904} } -@book{bib2969, +@book{bib2983, author = {Goddard, Pliny E.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -26396,7 +26525,7 @@ @book{bib2969 year = {1905} } -@incollection{bib2970, +@incollection{bib2984, author = {Godfrey, Marie}, editor = {William and Oates, Lynette}, booktitle = {Gugu-Yalanji and Wik-Munkan Language Studies Occasional Papers in Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -26407,7 +26536,7 @@ @incollection{bib2970 year = {1964} } -@book{bib2971, +@book{bib2985, author = {Godoy, Eduardo Undurraga; Jere Behrman; Elena Grigorenko; Alan Schultz; Julie Yiu; TAPS Bolivia Study Team; Ricardo}, local_ids = {92220}, series = {TAPS Working Paper Series}, @@ -26416,13 +26545,13 @@ @book{bib2971 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib2972, +@misc{bib2986, author = {Godsey, Larry Dennis}, title = {Musical form in Sandawe góu and kerem’ta songs}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib2973, +@incollection{bib2987, author = {Goeje, Claudius Henricus de}, address = {Amsterdam}, booktitle = {Études linguistiques caraïbes: Tome II Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam: Afdeeling Letterkunde, Nieuwe Reeks}, @@ -26433,7 +26562,7 @@ @incollection{bib2973 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib2974, +@incollection{bib2988, author = {Goeje, Claudius Henricus de}, address = {Amsterdam}, booktitle = {Études linguistiques caraïbes: Tome II Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam: Afdeeling Letterkunde, Nieuwe Reeks}, @@ -26444,7 +26573,7 @@ @incollection{bib2974 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib2975, +@incollection{bib2989, author = {Goeje, Claudius Henricus de}, address = {Amsterdam}, booktitle = {Études linguistiques caraïbes: Tome II Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam: Afdeeling Letterkunde, Nieuwe Reeks}, @@ -26455,21 +26584,21 @@ @incollection{bib2975 year = {1946} } -@misc{bib2976, +@misc{bib2990, author = {Gohre, David}, local_ids = {98831}, title = {The Lipan Apache Language: Recreating a Bilingual Environment for the Lipan}, url = {http://lipanapachelanguage.bravesites.com} } -@book{bib2977, +@book{bib2991, author = {Golab, Zbigniew}, publisher = {Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts}, title = {The Arumanian dialect of Kruševo in SR Macedonia, SFR Yugoslavia}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib2978, +@incollection{bib2992, author = {Goldman, Irving}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -26481,7 +26610,7 @@ @incollection{bib2978 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib2979, +@incollection{bib2993, author = {Goldschmidt, Walter}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -26492,7 +26621,7 @@ @incollection{bib2979 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib2980, +@misc{bib2994, author = {Goldstein, Louis}, local_ids = {24546}, title = {"A first Kayardild audiovisual text corpus, with prosodic annotations" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -26500,7 +26629,7 @@ @misc{bib2980 year = {2005} } -@book{bib2981, +@book{bib2995, author = {Golla, Victor}, address = {Berkeley, CA}, isbn = {978-0520266674}, @@ -26512,13 +26641,13 @@ @book{bib2981 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2982, +@misc{bib2996, author = {Golla, Victor K.}, title = {Hupa Grammar}, year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib2983, +@incollection{bib2997, author = {Golla, Victor}, editor = {Jones, Terry L. and Klar, Kathryn A.}, booktitle = {California prehistory: colonization, culture, and complexity}, @@ -26527,7 +26656,7 @@ @incollection{bib2983 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib2984, +@incollection{bib2998, author = {Golla, Victor}, editor = {Moseley, C.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -26540,7 +26669,7 @@ @incollection{bib2984 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2985, +@incollection{bib2999, author = {Golla, Victor}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -26552,7 +26681,7 @@ @incollection{bib2985 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib2986, +@incollection{bib3000, author = {Golla, Victor}, editor = {Klar, Kathryn and Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {American Indian and Indoeuropean Studies: Papers in Honor of Madison S.~Beeler}, @@ -26561,7 +26690,7 @@ @incollection{bib2986 year = {1980} } -@article{bib2987, +@article{bib3001, author = {Golla, V.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -26571,7 +26700,7 @@ @article{bib2987 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib2988, +@incollection{bib3002, author = {Golovko, Evgenij V.}, editor = {Xrakovski, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -26580,7 +26709,7 @@ @incollection{bib2988 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib2989, +@misc{bib3003, author = {Golovko, Evgeny}, local_ids = {99594}, month = {May}, @@ -26588,25 +26717,25 @@ @misc{bib2989 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib2990, +@misc{bib3004, author = {Gomes, Nataniel dos Santos}, title = {Clıticos, redobro e variação da ordem oracional em Kayabı (Tupi-Guarani)}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib2991, +@misc{bib3005, author = {Gomes, Dioney Moreira}, title = {Estudo morfológico e sintático da língua mundurukú (tupí)}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib2992, +@misc{bib3006, author = {Gomez-Imbert, Elsa}, title = {De la forme et du sens dans la classification nominale en Tatuyo (Langue Tukano Orientale d'Amazonie Colombienne)}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib2993, +@article{bib3007, author = {Gomez-Imbert, E.}, journal = {Faits de Langues: Révue de Linguistique}, pages = {171-183}, @@ -26615,14 +26744,14 @@ @article{bib2993 year = {2003} } -@book{bib2994, +@book{bib3008, author = {Gong, Qunhu 龔群虎}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {扎巴語研究 A study of Zhaba}, year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib2995, +@incollection{bib3009, author = {Gonmei, Guigongpuo}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, booktitle = {Linguistic Ecology: Manipur}, @@ -26631,20 +26760,20 @@ @incollection{bib2995 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib2996, +@misc{bib3010, author = {Gonzales, Rhonda Marie}, title = {Continuity and change: thought, belief, and practice in the history of the Ruvu peoples of Central East Tanzania, c.200 BC to AD 1800}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib2997, +@book{bib3011, author = {Gonzalez, Hebe}, publisher = {DEA de Sciences du Langage, Université Lumière Lyon-2}, title = {L'Araona}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib2998, +@article{bib3012, author = {Gonzalez, Ivette S.}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -26659,13 +26788,13 @@ @article{bib2998 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib2999, +@misc{bib3013, author = {González, H. A.}, title = {A grammar of Tapiete (Tupi-Guarani)}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib3000, +@incollection{bib3014, author = {González, Sandra Patricia Rodríguez}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -26674,13 +26803,13 @@ @incollection{bib3000 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib3001, +@misc{bib3015, author = {Gonçalves, Solange Aparecida}, title = {Aspecto no Kaingang}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib3002, +@book{bib3016, author = {Good, J. B.}, address = {B.C.}, publisher = {St. Paul's Mission Press, Victoria}, @@ -26688,13 +26817,13 @@ @book{bib3002 year = {1880} } -@misc{bib3003, +@misc{bib3017, author = {Good, Jeff}, title = {Naki Grammar Sketch}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib3004, +@article{bib3018, author = {Good, Jeff and Lovegren, Jesse and Mve, Patrick and Nguanguep, Carine and Voll, Rebecca and Dicarlo, Pierpaolo}, journal = {Africana Linguistica}, local_ids = {98257}, @@ -26704,7 +26833,7 @@ @article{bib3004 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3005, +@incollection{bib3019, author = {Good, Jeff Craig}, editor = {Fiedler, Ines and Schwarz, Anne}, booktitle = {The expression of information structure: a documentation of its diversity across Africa Typological studies in language, #91}, @@ -26714,7 +26843,7 @@ @incollection{bib3005 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3006, +@incollection{bib3020, author = {Goodale, Jane C.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -26723,20 +26852,20 @@ @incollection{bib3006 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3007, +@misc{bib3021, author = {Goodwin Gómez, Gale}, title = {The Shiriana Dialect of Yanam (Northern Brazil)}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib3008, +@book{bib3022, author = {Gorbet, Larry Paul}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, title = {A Grammar of Diegueño Nominals}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3009, +@incollection{bib3023, author = {Gorbet, Larry}, editor = {Hinton, Leanne and Munro, Pamela}, booktitle = {Studies in American Indian languages: description and theory}, @@ -26745,7 +26874,7 @@ @incollection{bib3009 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib3010, +@incollection{bib3024, author = {Gordillo, Gast N.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -26754,7 +26883,7 @@ @incollection{bib3010 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3011, +@book{bib3025, author = {Gordon, Lynn}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -26763,7 +26892,7 @@ @book{bib3011 year = {1986} } -@article{bib3012, +@article{bib3026, author = {Gordon, M. and Munro, P. and Ladefoged, P.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -26773,7 +26902,7 @@ @article{bib3012 year = {2000} } -@article{bib3013, +@article{bib3027, author = {Gordon and Matthew and Martin, Jack B. and and Langley, Linda}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {98434}, @@ -26784,7 +26913,7 @@ @article{bib3013 year = {2015} } -@article{bib3014, +@article{bib3028, author = {Gordon, Matthew}, journal = {UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics}, pages = {164-187}, @@ -26793,7 +26922,7 @@ @article{bib3014 year = {1996} } -@book{bib3015, +@book{bib3029, author = {Gorelova, Liliya M.}, address = {Leiden}, publisher = {E. J. Brill}, @@ -26803,14 +26932,14 @@ @book{bib3015 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3016, +@book{bib3030, author = {Goswami, Upendranath}, publisher = {Anundoram Borooah Institute of Language, Art and Culture, Assam}, title = {An Introduction to the Deuri Language}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3017, +@incollection{bib3031, author = {Goulard, Jean-Pierre}, editor = {Santos, F. and Barclay, F.}, address = {Lima}, @@ -26822,13 +26951,13 @@ @incollection{bib3017 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib3018, +@misc{bib3032, author = {Gouy, Père Edouard}, title = {Dictionnaire Francais-Esclave}, year = {1930} } -@book{bib3019, +@book{bib3033, author = {Government, Pechanga Tribal}, address = {Temecula}, local_ids = {98832}, @@ -26837,14 +26966,14 @@ @book{bib3019 url = {http://www.pechanga-nsn.gov/index.php/culture/language-revitalization} } -@misc{bib3020, +@misc{bib3034, author = {Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs}, title = {Abstract of speakers’ strength of languages and mother tongues}, url = {http://www.censusindia.gov.in/(S(rzbs3c45oipzopmbt0uan055))/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.aspx}, year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib3021, +@incollection{bib3035, author = {Gowlett, Derek F.}, editor = {Haacke, W. H. G. and Elderkin, E. D.}, booktitle = {Namibian Languages: Reports and Papers}, @@ -26853,7 +26982,7 @@ @incollection{bib3021 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3022, +@incollection{bib3036, author = {Gowlett, Derek F.}, editor = {Gowlett, Derek F.}, booktitle = {African Linguistic Contributions: Presented in honour of Ernst Westphal}, @@ -26862,7 +26991,7 @@ @incollection{bib3022 year = {1992} } -@article{bib3023, +@article{bib3037, author = {Grace, George W.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {2}, @@ -26872,7 +27001,7 @@ @article{bib3023 year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib3024, +@incollection{bib3038, author = {Graham, Glenn H.}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -26887,7 +27016,7 @@ @incollection{bib3024 year = {1981} } -@book{bib3025, +@book{bib3039, author = {Thurgood, Graham and Thurgood, Ela and and 李鳳祥, Fengxiang Li}, pages = {428}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, @@ -26896,13 +27025,13 @@ @book{bib3025 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib3026, +@misc{bib3040, author = {Granadillo, Tania}, title = {An Ethnographic Account of Language Documentation among the Kurripako of Venezuela}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib3027, +@book{bib3041, author = {Granberry, Julian}, address = {München}, pages = {111}, @@ -26913,7 +27042,7 @@ @book{bib3027 year = {2004} } -@book{bib3028, +@book{bib3042, author = {Granbom, Ann-Charlotte}, address = {Lund}, publisher = {Sociologiska institutionen, Lunds universitet}, @@ -26921,7 +27050,7 @@ @book{bib3028 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3029, +@book{bib3043, author = {Granholm, Petra}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -26931,7 +27060,7 @@ @book{bib3029 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3030, +@book{bib3044, author = {Grant, Caroline A.}, address = {Yaoundé}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -26942,7 +27071,7 @@ @book{bib3030 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3031, +@incollection{bib3045, author = {Grant, Anthony P.}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -26955,7 +27084,7 @@ @incollection{bib3031 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib3032, +@incollection{bib3046, author = {Grant, Anthony P.}, editor = {Golla, Victor}, address = {Berkeley}, @@ -26967,7 +27096,7 @@ @incollection{bib3032 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3033, +@incollection{bib3047, author = {Grassias, Alain and Bolé-Richard, Rémy}, editor = {Hérault, Georges}, booktitle = {Atlas des langues kwa de Cote d’Ivoire}, @@ -26976,7 +27105,7 @@ @incollection{bib3033 year = {1983} } -@phdthesis{bib3034, +@phdthesis{bib3048, author = {Graves, Thomas E.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8580}, @@ -26985,13 +27114,13 @@ @phdthesis{bib3034 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib3035, +@misc{bib3049, author = {Gray, Peter}, title = {Hadza bibliography}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib3036, +@article{bib3050, author = {Gray, John Milner}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {85-97}, @@ -27000,7 +27129,7 @@ @article{bib3036 year = {1950} } -@misc{bib3037, +@misc{bib3051, author = {Gray, Andrew}, local_ids = {99157}, title = {The Languages of Pentecost Island}, @@ -27008,13 +27137,13 @@ @misc{bib3037 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3038, +@misc{bib3052, author = {Green, Eldred I. Ibibiem T. and Brown, Abe and Fombo, Adadonye}, title = {A dictionary of Ibani, an Ijoid language of the Niger Delta}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib3039, +@misc{bib3053, author = {Green, Rebecca}, local_ids = {98630}, school = {The Australian National University}, @@ -27022,31 +27151,31 @@ @misc{bib3039 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib3040, +@misc{bib3054, author = {Green, Rebecca}, title = {A Grammar of Gurr-goni (North Central Arnhem Land)}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib3041, +@misc{bib3055, author = {Green, T. M.}, title = {A Lexicographic Study of Ulwa}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3042, +@misc{bib3056, author = {Green, R.}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Burarra}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib3043, +@misc{bib3057, author = {Green, Ian}, title = {Marrithiyel: A Language of the Daly River Region of Australia's Northern Territory}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib3044, +@article{bib3058, author = {Green, Frederick}, journal = {Eastern Province monthly magazine}, pages = {252-257, 316-323, 385-392, 533-543, 595-601, 661-669}, @@ -27055,7 +27184,7 @@ @article{bib3044 year = {1857} } -@incollection{bib3045, +@incollection{bib3059, author = {Green, Richard}, editor = {Hobson, John; Kevin Lowe; Susan Poetsch; and Walsh, Michael}, address = {Sydney}, @@ -27068,14 +27197,14 @@ @incollection{bib3045 year = {2010} } -@book{bib3046, +@book{bib3060, author = {Green, Harold and Green, Diana}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, title = {Surface structure of Palikur grammar}, year = {1972} } -@article{bib3047, +@article{bib3061, author = {Green, Lydia}, institution = {SOAS}, journal = {SOAS Working Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -27087,14 +27216,14 @@ @article{bib3047 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib3048, +@misc{bib3062, author = {Green, Ian}, pages = {170}, title = {The phonology and morphology of Marrithiyel: A preliminary study}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib3049, +@article{bib3063, author = {Greenberg, Joseph Harold}, journal = {Africana marburgensia}, number = {2}, @@ -27104,7 +27233,7 @@ @article{bib3049 year = {1972} } -@article{bib3050, +@article{bib3064, author = {Greenberg, J. H.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -27114,7 +27243,7 @@ @article{bib3050 year = {1963} } -@book{bib3051, +@book{bib3065, author = {Greenblatt, Jared}, address = {Leiden}, isbn = {978-90-04-18257-8}, @@ -27124,13 +27253,13 @@ @book{bib3051 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3052, +@misc{bib3066, author = {Greene, Roger K.}, title = {Sentence Final Particles in Bisu Narrative}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib3053, +@article{bib3067, author = {Whiton, Louis C. and Greene, Bruce H. and Momsen and Jr. and P., Richard}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {85-124}, @@ -27139,7 +27268,7 @@ @article{bib3053 year = {1964} } -@article{bib3054, +@article{bib3068, author = {Edmondson, J. A. and Gregerson, K. J.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {257-269}, @@ -27148,7 +27277,7 @@ @article{bib3054 year = {1997} } -@article{bib3055, +@article{bib3069, author = {Edmondson, Jerold A. and Gregerson, Kenneth J.}, journal = {Language and Linguistics Compass}, number = {6}, @@ -27158,7 +27287,7 @@ @article{bib3055 year = {2007} } -@article{bib3056, +@article{bib3070, author = {Greiffenstein, C.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Ethnologie}, pages = {135-138}, @@ -27167,14 +27296,14 @@ @article{bib3056 year = {1878} } -@book{bib3057, +@book{bib3071, author = {Grenand, Francoise}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, title = {Dicionnaire Wayãpi-Francais}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib3058, +@book{bib3072, author = {Grenand, Françoise}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, @@ -27184,7 +27313,7 @@ @book{bib3058 year = {1980} } -@article{bib3059, +@article{bib3073, author = {Grenand, P. and Grenand, F.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {361-382}, @@ -27193,14 +27322,14 @@ @article{bib3059 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib3060, +@misc{bib3074, author = {Greninger, David}, title = {Aspects of discourse prominence in Solu Sherpa oral stories of personal experience}, url = {http://ic.payap.ac.th/graduate/linguistics/theses/David_Greninger_Thesis.pdf}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib3061, +@misc{bib3075, author = {Grenoble, Lenore}, local_ids = {2441}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: Documenting information structure in Isthmus Zapotec" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -27208,7 +27337,7 @@ @misc{bib3061 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3062, +@book{bib3076, author = {Bulatova, Nadezhda and Grenoble, Lenore}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -27218,7 +27347,7 @@ @book{bib3062 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib3063, +@incollection{bib3077, author = {Grenoble, Leonore A.}, editor = {Gilbers and Dicky and et al.}, booktitle = {Languages in Contact}, @@ -27227,7 +27356,7 @@ @incollection{bib3063 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3064, +@book{bib3078, author = {Griffiths, Glyndwr and Griffiths, Cynthia}, pages = {200}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -27237,7 +27366,7 @@ @book{bib3064 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3065, +@incollection{bib3079, author = {Griffiths, Arlo}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -27246,7 +27375,7 @@ @incollection{bib3065 year = {2008} } -@book{bib3066, +@book{bib3080, author = {Grignard, A.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {A. Rome, Catholic Orphan Press}, @@ -27254,7 +27383,7 @@ @book{bib3066 year = {1924} } -@article{bib3067, +@article{bib3081, author = {Grimers, Charles E and Grimes, Barbara D}, editor = {Wurm, S.A}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -27273,7 +27402,7 @@ @article{bib3067 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib3068, +@incollection{bib3082, author = {Grimes, Charles E.}, editor = {Grimes, Charles E.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -27285,7 +27414,7 @@ @incollection{bib3068 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib3069, +@incollection{bib3083, author = {Grimes, Charles E.}, editor = {Florey, Margaret}, booktitle = {Endangered Languages of Austronesia}, @@ -27294,7 +27423,7 @@ @incollection{bib3069 year = {2009} } -@book{bib3070, +@book{bib3084, author = {Grimes, Joseph E.}, pages = {295}, publisher = {Cornell University}, @@ -27302,20 +27431,20 @@ @book{bib3070 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib3071, +@misc{bib3085, author = {Grimes, C. E.}, title = {Hawu and Dhao in eastern Indonesia: revisiting their relationship}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib3072, +@book{bib3086, author = {Grimes, Joseph}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Huichol Syntax}, year = {1964} } -@article{bib3073, +@article{bib3087, author = {Grimes, Lyle Campbell; B.}, editor = {Frawley, William J.}, journal = {International Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, @@ -27327,7 +27456,7 @@ @article{bib3073 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3074, +@incollection{bib3088, author = {Grimes, Barbara}, editor = {Frawley, William}, address = {New York}, @@ -27342,7 +27471,7 @@ @incollection{bib3074 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3075, +@incollection{bib3089, author = {Grimes, Barbara}, editor = {Frawley, William}, booktitle = {International encyclopedia of linguistics}, @@ -27355,7 +27484,7 @@ @incollection{bib3075 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3076, +@incollection{bib3090, author = {Grimes, Barbara}, editor = {Frawley, William}, booktitle = {International Encyclopedia of Linguistics}, @@ -27368,7 +27497,7 @@ @incollection{bib3076 year = {2003} } -@article{bib3077, +@article{bib3091, author = {Donohue, Mark and Grimes, Charles E.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -27378,19 +27507,19 @@ @article{bib3077 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3078, +@misc{bib3092, author = {Grinevald, Colette G.}, title = {A Grammar of Rama}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib3079, +@misc{bib3093, author = {Grinevald, Colette G.}, title = {A Grammar of Rama}, year = {n.d} } -@incollection{bib3080, +@incollection{bib3094, author = {Grinevald, Colette}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Language Diversity Endangered}, @@ -27403,7 +27532,7 @@ @incollection{bib3080 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib3081, +@incollection{bib3095, author = {Grinevald, Colette}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and van de Kerke, Simon and Meira, Sérgio and van der Voort, Hein}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -27415,21 +27544,21 @@ @incollection{bib3081 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3082, +@book{bib3096, author = {Grinevald-Craig, Colette}, publisher = {University of Oregon / CIDCA}, title = {Rama kuup. A Rama Grammar}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib3083, +@book{bib3097, author = {Grjunberg, Aleksandr L.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Jazyki vostochnogo Gindukusha: Jazyk kati}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib3084, +@book{bib3098, author = {Grjunberg, A. L.}, address = {Moskva}, publisher = {Glavnaya Redaktsija Vostochnoj Literatury}, @@ -27438,14 +27567,14 @@ @book{bib3084 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3085, +@book{bib3099, author = {Grjunberg, Aleksandr L.}, publisher = {n. p.}, title = {Jazyk severoazerbajdzhanskix tatov}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib3086, +@book{bib3100, author = {Grjunberg, A. L.}, pages = {1-27}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -27453,7 +27582,7 @@ @book{bib3086 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3087, +@incollection{bib3101, author = {Grjunberg, A. L.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 1: Indoevropejskie jazyki}, @@ -27462,13 +27591,13 @@ @incollection{bib3087 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib3088, +@misc{bib3102, author = {Groff, Randall and Solomiac, Paul}, title = {Preliminary Pana survey}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib3089, +@article{bib3103, author = {Groh, B.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {227-239}, @@ -27477,14 +27606,14 @@ @article{bib3089 year = {1911} } -@book{bib3090, +@book{bib3104, author = {Grollemund, Rébecca}, publisher = {Univ. Lumière (Lyon 2)}, title = {Esquisse de description de l’okande: langue bantoue du groupe B30}, year = {2005} } -@mastersthesis{bib3091, +@mastersthesis{bib3105, author = {Grollemund, Rébecca}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {47855}, @@ -27494,13 +27623,13 @@ @mastersthesis{bib3091 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib3092, +@misc{bib3106, author = {Grondona, Verónica M.}, title = {A grammar of Mocovi}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib3093, +@article{bib3107, author = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, journal = {Diachronica}, number = {1}, @@ -27510,7 +27639,7 @@ @article{bib3093 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib3094, +@misc{bib3108, author = {Grondona, Veronica}, local_ids = {24854}, title = {Wichi: Documentation, Description and Training - HRELP Abstract}, @@ -27518,7 +27647,7 @@ @misc{bib3094 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3095, +@book{bib3109, author = {Gross, Manfred}, institution = {Lia Rumantscha}, isbn = {3-03900-037-3}, @@ -27530,7 +27659,7 @@ @book{bib3095 year = {2004} } -@article{bib3096, +@article{bib3110, author = {Grossa, Dino J.}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {67-79}, @@ -27539,7 +27668,7 @@ @article{bib3096 year = {1965-1966} } -@article{bib3097, +@article{bib3111, author = {Groth, C.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {203-215}, @@ -27548,7 +27677,7 @@ @article{bib3097 year = {1977} } -@article{bib3098, +@article{bib3112, author = {Groth, Christa}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {51-72}, @@ -27557,7 +27686,7 @@ @article{bib3098 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3099, +@article{bib3113, author = {Groth, Christa}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {73-91}, @@ -27566,7 +27695,7 @@ @article{bib3099 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3100, +@book{bib3114, author = {Groth, Christa}, pages = {93-129}, publisher = {Porto Velho Workpapers. edited by David L. Fortune}, @@ -27574,7 +27703,7 @@ @book{bib3100 year = {1985} } -@article{bib3101, +@article{bib3115, author = {Grottanelli, V. L.}, journal = {Primitive Man}, number = {4}, @@ -27584,7 +27713,7 @@ @article{bib3101 year = {1947} } -@article{bib3102, +@article{bib3116, author = {Grottanelli, Vinigi L.}, journal = {Geographica helvetica}, pages = {249-260}, @@ -27593,7 +27722,7 @@ @article{bib3102 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3103, +@article{bib3117, author = {Grottanelli, Vinigi L.}, journal = {Annali Lateranensi}, pages = {249-260}, @@ -27602,7 +27731,7 @@ @article{bib3103 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3104, +@article{bib3118, author = {Grottanelli, Vinigi L.}, journal = {Annali lateranensi}, pages = {281-326}, @@ -27611,13 +27740,20 @@ @article{bib3104 year = {1948} } -@misc{bib3105, +@misc{bib3119, author = {Group, Parkes Wiradjuri Language}, local_ids = {89260}, url = {http://www.wiradjuri.org/} } -@book{bib3106, +@book{bib3120, + author = {Grubb, D. M.}, + publisher = {National Museum of Man}, + title = {A Practical Writing System and Short Dictionary of Kwakw'ala (Kwakiutl)}, + year = {1977} +} + +@book{bib3121, author = {Grummitt, John Janell Masters}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98916}, @@ -27627,7 +27763,7 @@ @book{bib3106 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3107, +@book{bib3122, author = {Grune, Dick}, address = {Wales}, publisher = {Joseph Biddulph Publisher, Pontypridd}, @@ -27635,7 +27771,7 @@ @book{bib3107 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib3108, +@incollection{bib3123, author = {Gruzdeva, Ekaterina}, editor = {Xrakovskij, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -27644,7 +27780,7 @@ @incollection{bib3108 year = {2001} } -@book{bib3109, +@book{bib3124, author = {Gruzdeva, Ekaterina}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -27654,7 +27790,7 @@ @book{bib3109 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib3110, +@incollection{bib3125, author = {Gruzdeva, E. J.}, editor = {Volodin, A. P.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -27663,7 +27799,7 @@ @incollection{bib3110 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3111, +@incollection{bib3126, author = {Gruzdeva, E. Yu.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A. and Mühlhäusler, Peter and Tryon, Darrell T.}, booktitle = {Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas}, @@ -27672,13 +27808,13 @@ @incollection{bib3111 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib3112, +@misc{bib3127, author = {Gruzov, L. P.}, title = {Sovremennyi marijskij jazyk: fonetika}, year = {1960} } -@article{bib3113, +@article{bib3128, author = {Gräbner, Werner}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {(?}, @@ -27687,7 +27823,7 @@ @article{bib3113 year = {2001} } -@book{bib3114, +@book{bib3129, author = {Puura, Ulriikka and Karjalainen, Heini and Zajceva, Nina and Grünthal, Riho}, local_ids = {98892}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -27697,7 +27833,7 @@ @book{bib3114 year = {2013} } -@book{bib3115, +@book{bib3130, author = {Grüssner, Karl-Heinz}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Steiner}, @@ -27707,27 +27843,27 @@ @book{bib3115 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib3116, +@misc{bib3131, author = {Gualdieri, C. B.}, title = {Mocoví (Guaycurú): Fonologia e Morfossintaxe}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib3117, +@book{bib3132, author = {Gudava, T. E.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoj SSR}, title = {Konsonantizm andijskix jazykov. Istorichesko-sravnitel'nyj analiz}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib3118, +@book{bib3133, author = {Gudjedjiani, Chato and Palmaitis, Letas}, publisher = {Caravan Books}, title = {Svan-English Dictionary}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib3119, +@article{bib3134, author = {Gudschinsky, Sarah C.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {177-249}, @@ -27736,7 +27872,7 @@ @article{bib3119 year = {1974} } -@article{bib3120, +@article{bib3135, author = {Gudschinsky, S. C. and Popovich, F. and Popovich, H.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {77-88}, @@ -27745,7 +27881,7 @@ @article{bib3120 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib3121, +@incollection{bib3136, author = {Gudschinsky, Sarah C.}, editor = {Gudschinsky, Sarah C.}, booktitle = {Estudos sôbre línguas e culturas indígenas}, @@ -27754,13 +27890,13 @@ @incollection{bib3121 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib3122, +@misc{bib3137, author = {Guedes, Marymarcia}, title = {Suyá: a língua da gente, um estudo fonológico e grammatical}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3123, +@incollection{bib3138, author = {Guennec-Copens, Françoise le}, editor = {Gast, M.}, booktitle = {Hériter en pays musulman, habus, lait vivant, manyahuli}, @@ -27769,7 +27905,7 @@ @incollection{bib3123 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib3124, +@incollection{bib3139, author = {{Le Guen}, Olivier}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -27781,7 +27917,7 @@ @incollection{bib3124 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3125, +@article{bib3140, author = {Guerin, Valerie}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {92820}, @@ -27795,13 +27931,13 @@ @article{bib3125 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib3126, +@misc{bib3141, author = {Guerrero-Valenzuela, Lilian Graciela}, title = {The syntax-semantic interface in Yaqui complex constructions, a Role and Reference Grammar Analysis}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib3127, +@article{bib3142, author = {Gueunier, Noël-Jacques}, journal = {Asie du sud-est et monde insulindien (ASEMI)}, pages = {95-107}, @@ -27810,7 +27946,7 @@ @article{bib3127 year = {1981} } -@article{bib3128, +@article{bib3143, author = {Gueye, G.}, journal = {Travaux de l'Institut de Phonetique de Strasbourg}, pages = {137-249}, @@ -27819,7 +27955,7 @@ @article{bib3128 year = {1986} } -@book{bib3129, +@book{bib3144, author = {Guillaume, Antoine}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -27828,13 +27964,13 @@ @book{bib3129 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3130, +@misc{bib3145, author = {Guillaume, Antoine}, title = {A grammar of Cavineña, an Amazonian language of Northern Bolivia}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3131, +@incollection{bib3146, author = {Guillaume, Antoine}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -27847,7 +27983,7 @@ @incollection{bib3131 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib3132, +@incollection{bib3147, author = {Guillaume, Antoine}, editor = {Grinevald, Colette and Bert, Michel}, address = {Paris}, @@ -27862,7 +27998,7 @@ @incollection{bib3132 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3133, +@incollection{bib3148, author = {Guillaume, Antoine}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -27875,7 +28011,7 @@ @incollection{bib3133 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3134, +@article{bib3149, author = {Jacques, Guillaume and Lahaussois, Aimée and Michailovsky, Boyd and Rai, Dhan Bahadur}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Language and Linguistics}, @@ -27887,7 +28023,7 @@ @article{bib3134 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3135, +@article{bib3150, author = {Guille-Escuret, Georges}, journal = {L’homme}, number = {147}, @@ -27897,19 +28033,19 @@ @article{bib3135 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib3136, +@misc{bib3151, author = {Guirardello, Raquel}, title = {A Reference Grammar of Trumai}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3137, +@misc{bib3152, author = {Guirardello, Raquel}, title = {Aspectos da morfossintaxe da língua Trumai (Isolada) e de seu sistema de marcação de caso}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3138, +@incollection{bib3153, author = {Guirardello, Raquel}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.}, booktitle = {Amazonian Languages}, @@ -27918,7 +28054,7 @@ @incollection{bib3138 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib3139, +@incollection{bib3154, author = {Guirardello-Damian, Raquel}, editor = {Gómez, Gale Goodwin and Voort, Hein}, booktitle = {Reduplication in Indigenous Languages of South America}, @@ -27930,7 +28066,7 @@ @incollection{bib3139 year = {2014} } -@article{bib3140, +@article{bib3155, author = {Gulliver, Pamela}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {61-74}, @@ -27939,7 +28075,7 @@ @article{bib3140 year = {1959} } -@book{bib3141, +@book{bib3156, author = {Jun, Wang and Guoqiao, Zheng}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {National Thai Studies Centre, The Australian National University}, @@ -27947,7 +28083,7 @@ @book{bib3141 year = {1993} } -@book{bib3142, +@book{bib3157, author = {Yaohong, Long and Guoqiao, Zheng}, address = {Arlington}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington}, @@ -27957,7 +28093,7 @@ @book{bib3142 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3143, +@article{bib3158, author = {Gurung, Nareswor J.}, journal = {Kailash -- A Journal of Himalayan Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -27967,7 +28103,7 @@ @article{bib3143 year = {1977} } -@book{bib3144, +@book{bib3159, author = {Gusinde, M.}, address = {Mödling bei Wien}, publisher = {Verlag St. Gabriel}, @@ -27977,7 +28113,7 @@ @book{bib3144 year = {1974} } -@book{bib3145, +@book{bib3160, author = {Gusinde, M.}, address = {Mödling bei Wien}, publisher = {Verlag der Internationalen Zeitschrift "Anthropos"}, @@ -27987,7 +28123,7 @@ @book{bib3145 year = {1931} } -@book{bib3146, +@book{bib3161, author = {Gusinde, Martin}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Centro Argentino de Etnlogía Americana}, @@ -27997,7 +28133,7 @@ @book{bib3146 year = {1931} } -@incollection{bib3147, +@incollection{bib3162, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {31}, @@ -28005,7 +28141,7 @@ @incollection{bib3147 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3148, +@incollection{bib3163, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {31-32}, @@ -28013,7 +28149,7 @@ @incollection{bib3148 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3149, +@incollection{bib3164, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {32}, @@ -28021,7 +28157,7 @@ @incollection{bib3149 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3150, +@incollection{bib3165, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {34-35}, @@ -28029,7 +28165,7 @@ @incollection{bib3150 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3151, +@incollection{bib3166, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {35}, @@ -28037,7 +28173,7 @@ @incollection{bib3151 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3152, +@incollection{bib3167, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {42-43}, @@ -28045,7 +28181,7 @@ @incollection{bib3152 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3153, +@incollection{bib3168, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {45}, @@ -28053,7 +28189,7 @@ @incollection{bib3153 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3154, +@incollection{bib3169, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {46}, @@ -28061,7 +28197,7 @@ @incollection{bib3154 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3155, +@incollection{bib3170, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {46}, @@ -28069,7 +28205,7 @@ @incollection{bib3155 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3156, +@incollection{bib3171, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {46-47}, @@ -28077,7 +28213,7 @@ @incollection{bib3156 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3157, +@incollection{bib3172, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {49}, @@ -28085,7 +28221,7 @@ @incollection{bib3157 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3158, +@incollection{bib3173, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {49-50}, @@ -28093,7 +28229,7 @@ @incollection{bib3158 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3159, +@incollection{bib3174, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {53-54}, @@ -28101,7 +28237,7 @@ @incollection{bib3159 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3160, +@incollection{bib3175, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {54}, @@ -28109,14 +28245,14 @@ @incollection{bib3160 year = {1971} } -@book{bib3161, +@book{bib3176, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm and Tucker, Archibald Norman}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press; International African Inst. (IAI)}, title = {Linguistic survey of the northern Bantu borderland}, year = {1956} } -@incollection{bib3162, +@incollection{bib3177, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {56}, @@ -28124,7 +28260,7 @@ @incollection{bib3162 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3163, +@incollection{bib3178, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {56}, @@ -28132,7 +28268,7 @@ @incollection{bib3163 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3164, +@incollection{bib3179, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {61}, @@ -28140,7 +28276,7 @@ @incollection{bib3164 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib3165, +@incollection{bib3180, author = {Guthrie, Malcolm}, booktitle = {Comparative Bantu Gregg International}, pages = {62-63}, @@ -28148,19 +28284,19 @@ @incollection{bib3165 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib3166, +@misc{bib3181, author = {Guèye, Gabriel}, title = {Contribution à l’étude phonétique du vocalisme du ndut}, year = {1984} } -@misc{bib3167, +@misc{bib3182, author = {Guèye, Gabriel}, title = {Contribution à l’étude phonologique du ndut}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib3168, +@article{bib3183, author = {Guèye, Gabriel}, journal = {Travaux de l’Inst. de Phonétique de Strasbourgh}, pages = {137-249}, @@ -28169,7 +28305,7 @@ @article{bib3168 year = {1986} } -@article{bib3169, +@article{bib3184, author = {Guèye, Gabriel}, journal = {Réalités africaines et langues française: bull. du Centre de la Linguistique Appliquée de Dakar}, pages = {(?}, @@ -28178,7 +28314,7 @@ @article{bib3169 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib3170, +@misc{bib3185, author = {Guérin, Valérie}, local_ids = {24583}, title = {"Discovering Mafea: texts, grammar, and lexicon" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -28186,13 +28322,13 @@ @misc{bib3170 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib3171, +@misc{bib3186, author = {Guérin, Valérie M. P. R.}, title = {Discovering Mav̈ea: Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib3172, +@article{bib3187, author = {Guérios, Rosário F. Mansur}, journal = {Revista do Círculo de Estudos "Bandeirantes"}, pages = {61-74}, @@ -28201,7 +28337,7 @@ @article{bib3172 year = {1939} } -@book{bib3173, +@book{bib3188, author = {Gáspár, Csaba}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -28214,7 +28350,7 @@ @book{bib3173 year = {2006} } -@book{bib3174, +@book{bib3189, author = {Gómez, Francisco Ortiz}, address = {La Nueva Guatemala}, publisher = {Instituto de Fomento Municipal}, @@ -28222,7 +28358,7 @@ @book{bib3174 year = {1990} } -@book{bib3175, +@book{bib3190, author = {Gómez, Paula}, pages = {204}, publisher = {El Colégio de México}, @@ -28231,13 +28367,13 @@ @book{bib3175 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3176, +@misc{bib3191, author = {Gómez, Gale Goodwin}, title = {The Shiriana Dialect of Yanam (Northern Brazil)}, year = {1990} } -@article{bib3177, +@article{bib3192, author = {Gómez Rendón, Jorge and Proaño, Diana Carolina Salazar}, journal = {Zona Próxima (Revista del Instituto de Estudios en Educación Universidad del Norte)}, local_ids = {99306}, @@ -28247,7 +28383,7 @@ @article{bib3177 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib3178, +@incollection{bib3193, author = {Gómez-Imbert, Elsa}, editor = {de Montes, María Luisa Rodríguez}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, @@ -28259,7 +28395,7 @@ @incollection{bib3178 year = {1993} } -@article{bib3179, +@article{bib3194, author = {Göbl-Gáldi, L.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für französische Sprache und Literatur}, pages = {257-295}, @@ -28268,7 +28404,7 @@ @article{bib3179 year = {1934} } -@misc{bib3180, +@misc{bib3195, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, local_ids = {24550}, title = {"A text documentation of N|uu" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -28276,7 +28412,7 @@ @misc{bib3180 year = {2007} } -@article{bib3181, +@article{bib3196, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF)}, number = {4}, @@ -28286,7 +28422,7 @@ @article{bib3181 year = {2003} } -@article{bib3182, +@article{bib3197, author = {Güldemann, Tom}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (Köln)}, pages = {5-33}, @@ -28295,7 +28431,7 @@ @article{bib3182 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib3183, +@incollection{bib3198, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid H. G.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer}, booktitle = {The Khoesan Languages}, @@ -28304,7 +28440,7 @@ @incollection{bib3183 year = {2013} } -@article{bib3184, +@article{bib3199, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid H. G.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {69-86}, @@ -28313,7 +28449,7 @@ @article{bib3184 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib3185, +@incollection{bib3200, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid Heinrich Gerhard}, address = {Pietermaritzburg, South Africa}, booktitle = {Khoekhoe and the origins of herding in southern Africa Southern African Humanities}, @@ -28324,7 +28460,7 @@ @incollection{bib3185 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib3186, +@incollection{bib3201, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid H. G.}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer}, booktitle = {The Khoesan Languages}, @@ -28333,7 +28469,7 @@ @incollection{bib3186 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib3187, +@incollection{bib3202, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid [Heinrich] [Gerhard]}, editor = {Finlayson, Rosalie}, booktitle = {African mosaic: festschrift for J.D. Louw}, @@ -28342,7 +28478,7 @@ @incollection{bib3187 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib3188, +@incollection{bib3203, author = {Robinson, Laura C. and Haan, John W.}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, isbn = {978-1-61451-723-8}, @@ -28352,7 +28488,7 @@ @incollection{bib3188 year = {2014} } -@phdthesis{bib3189, +@phdthesis{bib3204, author = {Haan, Johnson Welem}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {12704}, @@ -28362,14 +28498,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib3189 year = {2001} } -@book{bib3190, +@book{bib3205, author = {Haarh, Erik}, publisher = {Arhus Universitetsforlaget}, title = {The Zhang-zhung language. A grammar and dictionary of the unexplored language of the Tibetan Bonpos}, year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib3191, +@incollection{bib3206, author = {Haas, M. R.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -28381,7 +28517,7 @@ @incollection{bib3191 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib3192, +@incollection{bib3207, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, address = {México, D.F.}, booktitle = {Actas y Memorias XXXV Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Mexico 1962}, @@ -28392,14 +28528,14 @@ @incollection{bib3192 year = {1964} } -@book{bib3193, +@book{bib3208, author = {Haas, Rudolf de}, publisher = {auf Wildpfad und Feindesfährten Karl Winckler/Brunnen Verlag}, title = {Der Zug nach Sonjo}, year = {1927} } -@article{bib3194, +@article{bib3209, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {77-92}, @@ -28408,7 +28544,7 @@ @article{bib3194 year = {1965} } -@article{bib3195, +@article{bib3210, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {142-149}, @@ -28417,7 +28553,7 @@ @article{bib3195 year = {1944} } -@article{bib3196, +@article{bib3211, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -28427,7 +28563,7 @@ @article{bib3196 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib3197, +@incollection{bib3212, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, editor = {Klar, Kathryn and Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {American Indian and Indoeuropean Studies: Papers in Honor of Madison S.~Beeler}, @@ -28436,7 +28572,7 @@ @incollection{bib3197 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib3198, +@incollection{bib3213, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, editor = {Hyman, L.}, booktitle = {Studies in Stress and Accent Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -28447,21 +28583,21 @@ @incollection{bib3198 year = {1977} } -@book{bib3199, +@book{bib3214, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, publisher = {J. J. Augustin}, title = {Tunica}, year = {1940} } -@book{bib3200, +@book{bib3215, author = {Haas, Mary R.}, publisher = {Vol IV New York: J. J. Augustin Publisher}, title = {Tunica}, year = {1941} } -@book{bib3201, +@book{bib3216, author = {Haas, Mary}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -28470,14 +28606,14 @@ @book{bib3201 year = {1953} } -@misc{bib3202, +@misc{bib3217, author = {Haberl, Charles}, local_ids = {99388}, title = {Personal Communication on Judeo-Arabic Languages}, year = {2015} } -@phdthesis{bib3203, +@phdthesis{bib3218, author = {Haberl, Charles}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8635}, @@ -28486,7 +28622,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3203 year = {2006} } -@book{bib3204, +@book{bib3219, author = {Hachipola, Simooya Jerome}, address = {Harare}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -28497,7 +28633,7 @@ @book{bib3204 year = {1998} } -@book{bib3205, +@book{bib3220, author = {Tucker, A. N. and Hackett, P. E.}, address = {Belgique}, publisher = {Tervuren}, @@ -28507,7 +28643,7 @@ @book{bib3205 year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib3206, +@incollection{bib3221, author = {Hackett, Peter and van Bulck, Gaston}, editor = {Guthrie, Malcolm and Tucker, Archibald N.}, booktitle = {Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland}, @@ -28520,7 +28656,7 @@ @incollection{bib3206 year = {1956} } -@article{bib3207, +@article{bib3222, author = {Ray, Sidney H. and Haddon, Alfred C.}, journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Third Series}, pages = {463-616}, @@ -28529,7 +28665,7 @@ @article{bib3207 year = {1891-1893} } -@article{bib3208, +@article{bib3223, author = {Ray, Sidney H. and Haddon, Alfred C.}, journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Third Series}, pages = {119-373}, @@ -28538,7 +28674,7 @@ @article{bib3208 year = {1896-1898} } -@article{bib3209, +@article{bib3224, author = {Haeberlin, Hermann K.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -28548,14 +28684,14 @@ @article{bib3209 year = {1918} } -@book{bib3210, +@book{bib3225, author = {Haenisch, Erich}, publisher = {Enzyklopädie}, title = {Mandschu-Grammatik}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib3211, +@book{bib3226, author = {Haenisch, Erich}, publisher = {VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie}, series = {Lehrbücher für das Studium der Orientalischen Sprachen}, @@ -28564,14 +28700,14 @@ @book{bib3211 year = {1961} } -@book{bib3212, +@book{bib3227, author = {Haeseriju, E. V.}, publisher = {Suquinay}, title = {Ensayo de la Gramatica del K'ekchi}, year = {1966} } -@misc{bib3213, +@misc{bib3228, author = {Hagen, Rod}, howpublished = {web publication}, local_ids = {89980}, @@ -28580,13 +28716,13 @@ @misc{bib3213 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib3214, +@misc{bib3229, author = {Hagman, Roy Stephen}, title = {Nama Hottentot Grammar}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib3215, +@book{bib3230, author = {Hagman, Roy S.}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University}, @@ -28596,7 +28732,7 @@ @book{bib3215 year = {1977} } -@book{bib3216, +@book{bib3231, author = {Hagège, Claude}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Centre National de la Récherche Sciéntifique}, @@ -28606,7 +28742,7 @@ @book{bib3216 year = {1970} } -@book{bib3217, +@book{bib3232, author = {Hagège, C.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Amerindia}, @@ -28616,7 +28752,7 @@ @book{bib3217 year = {1981} } -@book{bib3218, +@book{bib3233, author = {Hahn, Hans-Pieter}, pages = {237}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, @@ -28625,14 +28761,14 @@ @book{bib3218 year = {1991} } -@book{bib3219, +@book{bib3234, author = {Hahn, Theophilus}, publisher = {Leipzig}, title = {Die Sprache der Nama}, year = {1870} } -@article{bib3220, +@article{bib3235, author = {Hahn snr, Carl Hugo}, journal = {Folk-lore journal}, number = {2}, @@ -28642,7 +28778,7 @@ @article{bib3220 year = {1880} } -@incollection{bib3221, +@incollection{bib3236, author = {Hahn, Reinhard F.}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Csató, Éva Á.}, booktitle = {The Turkic Languages}, @@ -28651,7 +28787,7 @@ @incollection{bib3221 year = {1998} } -@book{bib3222, +@book{bib3237, author = {Hai, Feng 海峰}, local_ids = {98459}, publisher = {Xinjiang University Press (新疆大學出版社)}, @@ -28659,7 +28795,7 @@ @book{bib3222 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3223, +@incollection{bib3238, author = {Haider, R.}, editor = {Pandit, T. N. and Sarkar, B. N.}, booktitle = {Andaman and Nicobar Islands People of India}, @@ -28670,21 +28806,21 @@ @incollection{bib3223 year = {1994} } -@book{bib3224, +@book{bib3239, author = {Haile, Berard}, publisher = {Franciscan Fathers, St. Michael's Press}, title = {A Manual of Navaho Grammar}, year = {1926} } -@book{bib3225, +@book{bib3240, author = {Haile, Berard}, publisher = {St. Michael's Press}, title = {Learning Navaho 1}, year = {1941} } -@incollection{bib3226, +@incollection{bib3241, author = {Haiman, John}, editor = {Harris, Martin and Vincent, Nigel}, booktitle = {The Romance Languages}, @@ -28693,7 +28829,7 @@ @incollection{bib3226 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3227, +@article{bib3242, author = {Hair, Paul Edward Hedley}, journal = {African language review}, pages = {32-70}, @@ -28702,7 +28838,7 @@ @article{bib3227 year = {1967} } -@article{bib3228, +@article{bib3243, author = {Hair, Paul Edward Hedley}, journal = {Journal of African history}, number = {2}, @@ -28712,7 +28848,7 @@ @article{bib3228 year = {1967} } -@article{bib3229, +@article{bib3244, author = {Hair, Paul Edward Hedley}, journal = {Sudan notes and records}, pages = {53-62}, @@ -28721,7 +28857,7 @@ @article{bib3229 year = {1969} } -@article{bib3230, +@article{bib3245, author = {Hair, Paul Edward Hedley}, journal = {African studies}, number = {1}, @@ -28731,7 +28867,7 @@ @article{bib3230 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib3231, +@incollection{bib3246, author = {Hale, Kenneth}, editor = {Austin, Peter}, booktitle = {Australian Aboriginal Lexicography}, @@ -28744,7 +28880,7 @@ @incollection{bib3231 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib3232, +@incollection{bib3247, author = {Hale, Ken}, editor = {Tryon, Darrell and Walsh, Michael}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -28756,7 +28892,7 @@ @incollection{bib3232 year = {1997} } -@book{bib3233, +@book{bib3248, author = {Hale, H.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Whittaker & Co}, @@ -28764,13 +28900,13 @@ @book{bib3233 year = {1890} } -@misc{bib3234, +@misc{bib3249, author = {Hale, K.}, title = {A Papago Grammar}, year = {1959} } -@article{bib3235, +@article{bib3250, author = {Hale, K. and Eagle, J. White}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {117-132}, @@ -28779,7 +28915,7 @@ @article{bib3235 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3236, +@book{bib3251, author = {Hale, Austin}, address = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, publisher = {Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -28787,7 +28923,7 @@ @book{bib3236 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib3237, +@incollection{bib3252, author = {Hale, Ken and Platero, Paul}, editor = {Fernald, Theodore B. and Platero, Paul R.}, booktitle = {The Athabaskan Languages}, @@ -28795,7 +28931,7 @@ @incollection{bib3237 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib3238, +@incollection{bib3253, author = {Hale, K.}, editor = {Sutton, P.}, booktitle = {The Languages of Cape York}, @@ -28804,7 +28940,7 @@ @incollection{bib3238 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3239, +@incollection{bib3254, author = {Hale, Kenneth}, editor = {Goddard, Cliff and Wierzbicka, Anna}, booktitle = {Semantic and lexical universals}, @@ -28813,7 +28949,7 @@ @incollection{bib3239 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3240, +@incollection{bib3255, author = {Hale, Kenneth}, editor = {Dixon, Robert M. W.}, booktitle = {Grammatical categories in Australian languages}, @@ -28821,7 +28957,7 @@ @incollection{bib3240 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3241, +@incollection{bib3256, author = {O'Grady, Geoff and Hale, Ken}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Koch, Harold}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -28833,14 +28969,24 @@ @incollection{bib3241 year = {2004} } -@book{bib3242, +@book{bib3257, + author = {Hall, Alfred J.}, + address = {Montreal}, + publisher = {Dawson Brothers}, + series = {Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada}, + title = {A Grammar of the Kwagiutl Language}, + volume = {VI}, + year = {1889} +} + +@book{bib3258, author = {Hall, Harold Aubrey}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, title = {A Partial Vocabulary of the Ngalooma Aboriginal Tribe}, year = {1971} } -@mastersthesis{bib3243, +@mastersthesis{bib3259, author = {Hall, Elizabeth}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {96961}, @@ -28850,19 +28996,19 @@ @mastersthesis{bib3243 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3244, +@misc{bib3260, author = {Hall, Allen H.}, title = {A Study of the Thaayorre Language of the Edward River Tribe, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland: Being a Description of the Grammar}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib3245, +@misc{bib3261, author = {Hall, Katherine L.}, title = {The Morphosyntax of Discourse in De'kwana Carib (Volumes I and II)}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib3246, +@incollection{bib3262, author = {Hall, Edward}, editor = {Abu-Manga, Al-Amin and Gilley, Leoma and Storch, Anne}, address = {Köln}, @@ -28875,7 +29021,7 @@ @incollection{bib3246 year = {2006} } -@book{bib3247, +@book{bib3263, author = {Hallberg, Daniel G.}, pages = {xviii+176}, publisher = {National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -28885,13 +29031,13 @@ @book{bib3247 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib3248, +@misc{bib3264, author = {Hallowes, D.P.}, title = {A grammar of Baca}, year = {1942} } -@book{bib3249, +@book{bib3265, author = {Halpern, A. M.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -28901,7 +29047,7 @@ @book{bib3249 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3250, +@incollection{bib3266, author = {Halpern, A. M.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -28913,7 +29059,7 @@ @incollection{bib3250 year = {1946} } -@article{bib3251, +@article{bib3267, author = {Halpern, A. M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {147-151}, @@ -28922,7 +29068,7 @@ @article{bib3251 year = {1946} } -@article{bib3252, +@article{bib3268, author = {Halpern, A. M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {60-63}, @@ -28931,7 +29077,7 @@ @article{bib3252 year = {1946} } -@article{bib3253, +@article{bib3269, author = {Halpern, A. M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {147-166}, @@ -28940,7 +29086,7 @@ @article{bib3253 year = {1947} } -@book{bib3254, +@book{bib3270, author = {Halwachs, Dieter W.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -28950,7 +29096,7 @@ @book{bib3254 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3255, +@book{bib3271, author = {Halwachs, Dieter W.; Astrid Sabaini; and Heinschink, Mozes F.}, publisher = {Lincom}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -28958,7 +29104,7 @@ @book{bib3255 year = {2015} } -@book{bib3256, +@book{bib3272, author = {Ham, Patricia}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Arquivo Lingüístico}, @@ -28967,13 +29113,13 @@ @book{bib3256 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib3257, +@misc{bib3273, author = {Ham, Patricia et al.}, title = {Aspectos da língua apinayé}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib3258, +@book{bib3274, author = {Hamilton, Angus}, address = {London}, publisher = {Eveleigh Nash}, @@ -28981,14 +29127,14 @@ @book{bib3258 year = {1912} } -@misc{bib3259, +@misc{bib3275, author = {Hamilton, P.}, title = {Uw Oykangand and Uw Olkola Multimedia Dictionary}, url = {http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/2970}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib3260, +@misc{bib3276, author = {Hamm and Cameron and and Diller, Jason and Jordan-Diller, Kari and a Tiati, Ferdinand Assako}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98258}, @@ -28998,7 +29144,7 @@ @misc{bib3260 year = {2001} } -@article{bib3261, +@article{bib3277, author = {Hamm, Cameron}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -29009,7 +29155,7 @@ @article{bib3261 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3262, +@book{bib3278, author = {Johnson, Eric and Hamm, Cameron}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {4587}, @@ -29019,7 +29165,7 @@ @book{bib3262 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib3263, +@misc{bib3279, author = {Hamm, Cameron}, howpublished = {Online report}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -29029,7 +29175,7 @@ @misc{bib3263 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib3264, +@misc{bib3280, author = {Hammarström, Harald and Forkel, Robert and Haspelmath, Martin and Nordhoff, Sebastian}, institution = {Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology}, local_ids = {98057}, @@ -29038,7 +29184,7 @@ @misc{bib3264 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib3265, +@incollection{bib3281, author = {Hammarström, Harald}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Dougherty, Thomas and and Smith, Alexander D.}, address = {London}, @@ -29049,7 +29195,7 @@ @incollection{bib3265 year = {2017} } -@article{bib3266, +@article{bib3282, author = {Hammarström, Harald}, journal = {Language Documentation and Conservation}, local_ids = {88138}, @@ -29060,7 +29206,7 @@ @article{bib3266 year = {2010} } -@book{bib3267, +@book{bib3283, author = {Hammond-Tooke, W. David}, pages = {xx, 325}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press; Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Rhodes Univ.}, @@ -29068,7 +29214,7 @@ @book{bib3267 year = {1962} } -@article{bib3268, +@article{bib3284, author = {Hammond-Tooke, W. David}, journal = {African studies}, number = {1}, @@ -29078,7 +29224,7 @@ @article{bib3268 year = {1960} } -@article{bib3269, +@article{bib3285, author = {Hammond-Tooke, W. David}, journal = {African studies}, number = {1}, @@ -29088,7 +29234,7 @@ @article{bib3269 year = {1958} } -@article{bib3270, +@article{bib3286, author = {Hammond-Tooke, W. David}, journal = {African studies}, number = {2}, @@ -29098,7 +29244,7 @@ @article{bib3270 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3271, +@article{bib3287, author = {Hammond-Tooke, W. David}, journal = {African studies}, number = {1}, @@ -29108,7 +29254,7 @@ @article{bib3271 year = {1955} } -@article{bib3272, +@article{bib3288, author = {Hamp, E.P.}, journal = {Journal of African languages}, pages = {(?}, @@ -29117,7 +29263,7 @@ @article{bib3272 year = {1962} } -@article{bib3273, +@article{bib3289, author = {Hamp, Eric P.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -29127,7 +29273,7 @@ @article{bib3273 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib3274, +@incollection{bib3290, author = {Hamp, Eric P.}, address = {México, D.F.}, booktitle = {Actas y Memorias XXXV Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Mexico 1962}, @@ -29138,7 +29284,7 @@ @incollection{bib3274 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib3275, +@incollection{bib3291, author = {Hamp, Eric P.}, editor = {Swanson and Jr. and H., Earl}, booktitle = {Languages and Cultures of Western North America}, @@ -29147,7 +29293,7 @@ @incollection{bib3275 year = {1970} } -@article{bib3276, +@article{bib3292, author = {Hamy, Ernest T.}, journal = {Bull. de la Soc. d’Anthropologie de Paris}, pages = {79-101}, @@ -29156,7 +29302,7 @@ @article{bib3276 year = {1879} } -@book{bib3277, +@book{bib3293, author = {Hancock, Ian}, address = {Columbus, Ohio}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -29166,13 +29312,13 @@ @book{bib3277 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib3278, +@misc{bib3294, author = {Handelsmann, R.}, title = {Towards a description of Amurdak: A language of northern Australia}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3279, +@article{bib3295, author = {Hanes, Leonard C.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -29182,7 +29328,7 @@ @article{bib3279 year = {1952} } -@article{bib3280, +@article{bib3296, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, journal = {Arquivos do Museu Paranaense}, pages = {61-97}, @@ -29191,7 +29337,7 @@ @article{bib3280 year = {1947} } -@article{bib3281, +@article{bib3297, author = {Hanke, W.}, journal = {Archiv für Völkerkunde}, pages = {67-82}, @@ -29200,7 +29346,7 @@ @article{bib3281 year = {1956} } -@article{bib3282, +@article{bib3298, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, journal = {Dusenia}, number = {4}, @@ -29210,7 +29356,7 @@ @article{bib3282 year = {1950} } -@incollection{bib3283, +@incollection{bib3299, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, address = {Braunschweig}, booktitle = {Völkerkundliche Forschungen in Südamerika Kulturgeschichtliche Forschungen}, @@ -29221,7 +29367,7 @@ @incollection{bib3283 year = {1964} } -@article{bib3284, +@article{bib3300, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, journal = {Trabajos y Conferencias del Seminario de Estudios Americanistas}, number = {1}, @@ -29231,7 +29377,7 @@ @article{bib3284 year = {1956} } -@book{bib3285, +@book{bib3301, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, publisher = {Manaus}, series = {Documentação do Amazonas}, @@ -29240,7 +29386,7 @@ @book{bib3285 year = {1952} } -@article{bib3286, +@article{bib3302, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, journal = {Kollasuyo: Revista de Estudios Bolivianos}, number = {70}, @@ -29250,7 +29396,7 @@ @article{bib3286 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3287, +@article{bib3303, author = {Hanke, Wanda}, journal = {Arquivos do Museu Paranaense}, pages = {99-106}, @@ -29259,7 +29405,7 @@ @article{bib3287 year = {1947} } -@book{bib3288, +@book{bib3304, author = {Hanna, R. and Hanna, L.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Culture}, @@ -29268,7 +29414,7 @@ @book{bib3288 year = {1991} } -@mastersthesis{bib3289, +@mastersthesis{bib3305, author = {Hannouche, Jamal El}, local_ids = {90780}, school = {Leiden University}, @@ -29277,14 +29423,14 @@ @mastersthesis{bib3289 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3290, +@misc{bib3306, author = {el Hannouche, J.}, title = {Ghomara Berber: A Brief Grammatical Survey}, url = {http://web.archive.org/web/20120316143043/http://www.alfa-desk.nl/ghomara/Ghomara_Berber_A_Brief_Grammatical_Survey_by_J_el_Hannouche.pdf}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib3291, +@book{bib3307, author = {Hannss, Katja}, address = {Netherlands}, publisher = {Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden}, @@ -29294,21 +29440,21 @@ @book{bib3291 year = {2008} } -@book{bib3292, +@book{bib3308, author = {Hanoteau, Adolphe}, publisher = {Jourdan}, title = {Essai de grammaire de la langue tamachek'}, year = {1896} } -@book{bib3293, +@book{bib3309, author = {Hansen, D. C. and Hansen, L. E.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Pintupi-Luritja Dictionary}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib3294, +@article{bib3310, author = {Hansen, K. C. and Hansen, L. E.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {153-170}, @@ -29317,7 +29463,7 @@ @article{bib3294 year = {1969} } -@book{bib3295, +@book{bib3311, author = {Hansen, Kenneth C. and Hansen, L. E.}, address = {N.T.}, pages = {254}, @@ -29326,7 +29472,7 @@ @book{bib3295 year = {1978} } -@book{bib3296, +@book{bib3312, author = {Hansson, G.}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {Linguistic Survey of Nepal}, @@ -29334,7 +29480,7 @@ @book{bib3296 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib3297, +@misc{bib3313, author = {Hantgan, Abbie E.}, local_ids = {91540}, school = {Indiana University}, @@ -29343,7 +29489,7 @@ @misc{bib3297 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3298, +@incollection{bib3314, author = {Haokip, Pauthang}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, booktitle = {Linguistic Ecology: Manipur}, @@ -29352,7 +29498,7 @@ @incollection{bib3298 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3299, +@article{bib3315, author = {Haokip, Pauthang}, journal = {South Asian Language Review}, local_ids = {98358}, @@ -29364,7 +29510,7 @@ @article{bib3299 year = {2008} } -@article{bib3300, +@article{bib3316, author = {Haokip, Pauthang}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, local_ids = {98054}, @@ -29377,7 +29523,7 @@ @article{bib3300 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3301, +@article{bib3317, author = {Harding, J.R.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {72-73}, @@ -29386,7 +29532,7 @@ @article{bib3301 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib3302, +@misc{bib3318, author = {Hardman, M}, local_ids = {2289}, title = {"An Accessible Linguistic Research Database of the Endangered Jaqaru and Kawki Languages [ISO 639 jqr]" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -29394,7 +29540,7 @@ @misc{bib3302 year = {2008} } -@book{bib3303, +@book{bib3319, author = {Hardman, Martha J.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Lincom Studies in Native American Linguistics}, @@ -29403,7 +29549,7 @@ @book{bib3303 year = {2001} } -@book{bib3304, +@book{bib3320, author = {Hardman, Martha J.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -29413,7 +29559,7 @@ @book{bib3304 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3305, +@book{bib3321, author = {Hardman, Martha J.}, address = {Instituto Indigenista Interamericano}, publisher = {Instituto de Estudios Peruanos}, @@ -29421,7 +29567,7 @@ @book{bib3305 year = {1983} } -@book{bib3306, +@book{bib3322, author = {Hardman, Martha J.}, publisher = {Mouton}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -29430,7 +29576,7 @@ @book{bib3306 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib3307, +@incollection{bib3323, author = {Hardy, Heather K.}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -29441,7 +29587,7 @@ @incollection{bib3307 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib3308, +@incollection{bib3324, author = {Hardy, Donald E.}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -29452,13 +29598,13 @@ @incollection{bib3308 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib3309, +@misc{bib3325, author = {Hargreaves, Inês}, title = {Lista de palavras transcritas por Inês Hargreaves, de dois grupos ao norte do Parque Aripuanã, RO}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib3310, +@book{bib3326, author = {Hari, Anna Maria}, address = {Kathmandu}, isbn = {9789937101080}, @@ -29468,7 +29614,7 @@ @book{bib3310 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3311, +@misc{bib3327, author = {Harley, Heidi}, local_ids = {2292}, title = {"Hiaki Grammar: Documentation, Analysis and Teaching" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -29476,7 +29622,7 @@ @misc{bib3311 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib3312, +@incollection{bib3328, author = {Harley, Matthew}, editor = {Ameka, Felix and Dakubu, Mary Esther Kropp}, booktitle = {Aspect and modality in Kwa languages}, @@ -29486,7 +29632,7 @@ @incollection{bib3312 year = {2008} } -@book{bib3313, +@book{bib3329, author = {Harlow, Ray}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -29495,7 +29641,7 @@ @book{bib3313 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib3314, +@incollection{bib3330, author = {Harms, Phillip Lee}, editor = {Brend, Ruth M.}, booktitle = {no booktitle From Phonology to Discourse: Studies in six Colombian languages, Language Data, Amerindian Series}, @@ -29506,7 +29652,7 @@ @incollection{bib3314 year = {1985} } -@book{bib3315, +@book{bib3331, author = {Harms, Philip Lee}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas}, series = {Studies in the Languages of Colombia}, @@ -29515,7 +29661,7 @@ @book{bib3315 year = {1994} } -@article{bib3316, +@article{bib3332, author = {Harms, Phillip Lee}, journal = {Sistemos Fonologicos de Idiomas Colombianos}, pages = {157-201}, @@ -29524,7 +29670,7 @@ @article{bib3316 year = {1984} } -@article{bib3317, +@article{bib3333, author = {Harms, Robert T.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {228-235}, @@ -29533,7 +29679,7 @@ @article{bib3317 year = {1966} } -@article{bib3318, +@article{bib3334, author = {Harrington, J. P.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {4}, @@ -29543,7 +29689,7 @@ @article{bib3318 year = {1910} } -@article{bib3319, +@article{bib3335, author = {Harrington, Tomás}, journal = {Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina}, pages = {205-206}, @@ -29552,7 +29698,7 @@ @article{bib3319 year = {1925} } -@article{bib3320, +@article{bib3336, author = {Harrington, J. P.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {1}, @@ -29562,7 +29708,7 @@ @article{bib3320 year = {1910} } -@article{bib3321, +@article{bib3337, author = {Harrington, J. P.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {121-161}, @@ -29571,7 +29717,7 @@ @article{bib3321 year = {1931} } -@article{bib3322, +@article{bib3338, author = {Harrington, John P.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {4}, @@ -29581,27 +29727,27 @@ @article{bib3322 year = {1909} } -@book{bib3323, +@book{bib3339, author = {Harrington, John P.}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, title = {Vocabulary of the Kiowa Language}, year = {1928} } -@book{bib3324, +@book{bib3340, author = {Harris, H.}, publisher = {University Microfilms}, title = {A grammar of Comox}, year = {1981} } -@misc{bib3325, +@misc{bib3341, author = {Harris, H.}, title = {A Grammatical Sketch of Comox}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib3326, +@incollection{bib3342, author = {Hale, Kenneth and Harris, Daivd}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest (vol. 9 of Handbook of North American Indians)}, @@ -29610,7 +29756,17 @@ @incollection{bib3326 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib3327, +@article{bib3343, + author = {Boas, F. and Yampolsky, H. Boas and Harris, Z.}, + journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, + number = {3}, + pages = {203-377}, + title = {Kwakiutl Grammar with a Glossary of the Suffixes}, + volume = {37}, + year = {1947} +} + +@incollection{bib3344, author = {Harris, Joy Kinslow}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 4 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {1-49}, @@ -29620,7 +29776,7 @@ @incollection{bib3327 year = {1969} } -@misc{bib3328, +@misc{bib3345, author = {Anderson, Gregory and Harrison, David}, local_ids = {24713}, title = {"Documentation of Ös: A Turkic Language of Siberia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -29628,7 +29784,7 @@ @misc{bib3328 year = {2005} } -@article{bib3329, +@article{bib3346, author = {Harrison, Carl H.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {1-123}, @@ -29637,7 +29793,7 @@ @article{bib3329 year = {1975} } -@article{bib3330, +@article{bib3347, author = {Harrison, K. David}, journal = {Huffington Post}, local_ids = {98899}, @@ -29647,21 +29803,21 @@ @article{bib3330 year = {2015} } -@book{bib3331, +@book{bib3348, author = {Harrison, Sheldon P. and Albert, Salich}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Mokilese-English Dictionary}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib3332, +@book{bib3349, author = {Harrison, Sheldon and Albert, Salich Y.}, publisher = {University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Mokilese Reference Grammar}, year = {1976} } -@misc{bib3333, +@misc{bib3350, author = {Anderson, Gregory and Harrison, K. David}, howpublished = {Web page}, institution = {Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages}, @@ -29671,7 +29827,7 @@ @misc{bib3333 year = {2007} } -@article{bib3334, +@article{bib3351, author = {Harrison, Sheldon P.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {407-454}, @@ -29680,7 +29836,7 @@ @article{bib3334 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib3335, +@incollection{bib3352, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S. and Harrison, K. David}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -29689,7 +29845,7 @@ @incollection{bib3335 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib3336, +@incollection{bib3353, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S. and Harrison, K. David}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -29701,19 +29857,19 @@ @incollection{bib3336 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3337, +@misc{bib3354, author = {Harrison, Carl Howard}, title = {Syntactical Aspects of Asurini Monologue Discourse}, year = {1970} } -@misc{bib3338, +@misc{bib3355, author = {Harrison, K. David}, title = {Topics in the Phonology and Morphology of Tuvan}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib3339, +@book{bib3356, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. and Harrison, David K.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -29723,14 +29879,14 @@ @book{bib3339 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3340, +@book{bib3357, author = {Jensen, V. and Powell, J. and Harry, C.}, publisher = {Shuswap Language Committee}, title = {Let's Study Shuswap: Books 1-2}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib3341, +@book{bib3358, author = {Hart, Helen}, pages = {495}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -29741,7 +29897,7 @@ @book{bib3341 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3342, +@article{bib3359, author = {Hart, C. W. M.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {167-180}, @@ -29750,7 +29906,7 @@ @article{bib3342 year = {1930} } -@article{bib3343, +@article{bib3360, author = {Hartland, Sidney E.}, journal = {Man: a record of anthropological science}, pages = {49-50 (art. 35}, @@ -29759,7 +29915,7 @@ @article{bib3343 year = {1907} } -@article{bib3344, +@article{bib3361, author = {Hartmann, H.}, journal = {Zeits. für Ethnologie}, pages = {302-310}, @@ -29768,7 +29924,7 @@ @article{bib3344 year = {1930} } -@book{bib3345, +@book{bib3362, author = {Hartmann, Melissa}, institution = {Colorado State University}, local_ids = {99512}, @@ -29779,7 +29935,7 @@ @book{bib3345 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3346, +@article{bib3363, author = {Hartt, Fred Ch.}, journal = {Transactions of the American Philological Association}, pages = {58-76}, @@ -29788,7 +29944,7 @@ @article{bib3346 year = {1872} } -@book{bib3347, +@book{bib3364, author = {Haruna, Andrew}, address = {Köln}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -29800,7 +29956,7 @@ @book{bib3347 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3348, +@incollection{bib3365, author = {Haruna, Andrew}, editor = {Brenzinger, M.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -29813,13 +29969,13 @@ @incollection{bib3348 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib3349, +@misc{bib3366, author = {Harvey, Mark}, title = {A sketch grammar of Gamu}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib3350, +@misc{bib3367, author = {Harvey, Chris}, local_ids = {90981}, title = {Bodéwadminwen / Nishnabémwen Potawatomi}, @@ -29827,7 +29983,7 @@ @misc{bib3350 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3351, +@article{bib3368, author = {Harvey, Andrew}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -29842,7 +29998,7 @@ @article{bib3351 year = {2019} } -@article{bib3352, +@article{bib3369, author = {Harvey, Alistair}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -29856,13 +30012,13 @@ @article{bib3352 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib3353, +@misc{bib3370, author = {Harvey, Mark}, title = {Ngoni Waray Amungal-Yang: The Waray Language from Adelaide River}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib3354, +@incollection{bib3371, author = {Harvey, Mark}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -29874,13 +30030,13 @@ @incollection{bib3354 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3355, +@book{bib3372, author = {Harvey, Mark}, publisher = {Manuscript}, title = {Warray Grammar} } -@misc{bib3356, +@misc{bib3373, author = {Hasselbacher, Stephanie}, local_ids = {24824}, title = {"Language Practices of the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana: A Documentation of Koasati" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -29888,7 +30044,7 @@ @misc{bib3356 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3357, +@book{bib3374, author = {Hasselbring, Sue}, address = {Gaborone}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -29901,7 +30057,7 @@ @book{bib3357 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3358, +@book{bib3375, author = {Hasselbring, Sue and Segatlhe, Thabiso and Munch, Julie}, pages = {1-196}, publisher = {Basarwa Languages Project, Collaborative Basarwa Research Programme of the Univ. of Botswana & Univ. of Tromsø}, @@ -29911,7 +30067,7 @@ @book{bib3358 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib3359, +@incollection{bib3376, author = {Hasselbring, Sue}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, @@ -29926,7 +30082,16 @@ @incollection{bib3359 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3360, +@book{bib3377, + author = {Hasselbrink, G.}, + publisher = {Indiana University Press}, + series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, + title = {Alternative Analyses of the Phonemic System in Central-South Lappish}, + volume = {49}, + year = {1965} +} + +@book{bib3378, author = {Hattaway, Paul}, address = {UK}, isbn = {0878083510}, @@ -29936,7 +30101,7 @@ @book{bib3360 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3361, +@book{bib3379, author = {Wurm, Stephen and Hattori, Shirô}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -29949,7 +30114,7 @@ @book{bib3361 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib3362, +@misc{bib3380, author = {Hattori, Ryoko}, local_ids = {24829}, title = {"Linguistic Documentation of Pingilapese Language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -29957,7 +30122,7 @@ @misc{bib3362 year = {2006} } -@book{bib3363, +@book{bib3381, author = {Hattori, Ryoko}, local_ids = {99678}, month = {August}, @@ -29969,7 +30134,7 @@ @book{bib3363 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3364, +@article{bib3382, author = {Hattori, Shiho}, journal = {African study monographs: supplementary issue}, pages = {29-48}, @@ -29978,13 +30143,13 @@ @article{bib3364 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib3365, +@misc{bib3383, author = {Haude, Katharina}, title = {A grammar of Movima}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib3366, +@incollection{bib3384, author = {Haude, Katharina}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía}, @@ -29997,7 +30162,7 @@ @incollection{bib3366 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3367, +@article{bib3385, author = {Haudricourt, André-Georges}, journal = {Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris}, pages = {165-182}, @@ -30006,7 +30171,7 @@ @article{bib3367 year = {1966} } -@article{bib3368, +@article{bib3386, author = {Haugen, Einar}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -30016,13 +30181,13 @@ @article{bib3368 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib3369, +@misc{bib3387, author = {Hauner, Magdalena Slavíková}, title = {Relationships among six north-east African Bantu languages}, year = {1975} } -@misc{bib3370, +@misc{bib3388, author = {Haurholm-Larsen, Steffen}, local_ids = {24844}, title = {"Survey, Description and Documentation of Tol (Jicaque) of Honduras" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -30030,7 +30195,7 @@ @misc{bib3370 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3371, +@incollection{bib3389, author = {Haviland, John}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 1}, @@ -30039,7 +30204,7 @@ @incollection{bib3371 year = {1979} } -@article{bib3372, +@article{bib3390, author = {Hawkes, Kristen and O’Connell, James F. and Blurton Jones, Nicholas G.}, journal = {Current anthropology}, number = {4}, @@ -30049,7 +30214,7 @@ @article{bib3372 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib3373, +@incollection{bib3391, author = {Hawkes, Kristen and O’Connell, James F. and Blurton Jones, Nicholas G.}, editor = {Standen, V. and Foley, R.A.}, booktitle = {Comparative socioecology Special publ. from the British Ecological Soc., #8}, @@ -30059,7 +30224,7 @@ @incollection{bib3373 year = {1989} } -@article{bib3374, +@article{bib3392, author = {Hawkins, W. Neill}, journal = {Publicações Avulsas}, title = {A morfologia do sustantivo na língua Uaiuai}, @@ -30067,13 +30232,13 @@ @article{bib3374 year = {1962} } -@misc{bib3375, +@misc{bib3393, author = {Hawkins, Robert}, title = {An analysis of the Wai Wai language}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3376, +@article{bib3394, author = {Hawkins, W.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {87-90}, @@ -30082,14 +30247,14 @@ @article{bib3376 year = {1950} } -@book{bib3377, +@book{bib3395, author = {Hawkins, Emily A.}, publisher = {Hawaiian Studies Program, University of Hawaii}, title = {Pedagogical Grammar of Hawaiian: Recurrent Problems}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib3378, +@incollection{bib3396, author = {Hawkins, Robert E.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -30098,7 +30263,7 @@ @incollection{bib3378 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3379, +@article{bib3397, author = {Hawtrey, Seymour H. C.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {280-299}, @@ -30107,14 +30272,14 @@ @article{bib3379 year = {1901} } -@book{bib3380, +@book{bib3398, author = {Hay-Neave, D. R.}, publisher = {Government Printing and Stationary, Burma}, title = {Lai-Chin Grammar and Exercises}, year = {1953} } -@misc{bib3381, +@misc{bib3399, author = {Hayami-Allen, Rika}, local_ids = {99348}, school = {University of Pittsburgh}, @@ -30122,7 +30287,7 @@ @misc{bib3381 year = {2001} } -@article{bib3382, +@article{bib3400, author = {Hayashi, Norihiko 林 範彦}, journal = {Annals of Foreign Studies}, pages = {19-34}, @@ -30131,7 +30296,7 @@ @article{bib3382 year = {2013} } -@article{bib3383, +@article{bib3401, author = {Hayashi, Koji}, journal = {African study monographs}, number = {2}, @@ -30141,7 +30306,7 @@ @article{bib3383 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib3384, +@incollection{bib3402, author = {Hayashi, Yuka}, editor = {Shimoji, Michinori and Pellard, Thomas}, booktitle = {An Introduction to Ryukyuan Languages}, @@ -30150,7 +30315,7 @@ @incollection{bib3384 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3385, +@incollection{bib3403, author = {Hayashi, Yuka}, editor = {Takubo, Yukinori}, booktitle = {Ryuukyuu-retoo no gengo to bunka: sono kiroku to keeshoo}, @@ -30159,14 +30324,14 @@ @incollection{bib3385 year = {2013} } -@book{bib3386, +@book{bib3404, author = {Hayasi, Tooru and Rozi, Sabit and Muhämmät, Tahirjan and Jianxin, Wang}, publisher = {Kyoto University}, title = {A Säyxil Vocabulary}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib3387, +@article{bib3405, author = {Hayden, F. V.}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society}, number = {10}, @@ -30176,7 +30341,7 @@ @article{bib3387 year = {1868} } -@book{bib3388, +@book{bib3406, author = {Hayden, F. V.}, address = {Philadelphia}, publisher = {C. Sherman & Son}, @@ -30184,7 +30349,7 @@ @book{bib3388 year = {1862} } -@incollection{bib3389, +@incollection{bib3407, author = {Haynes, Erin F.}, booktitle = {Coyote Papers: Working Papers in Linguistics, Special Volume Dedicated to the Indigenous Languages of the Americas}, chapter = {Obstacles facing tribal language programs in Warm Springs, Klamath, and Grand Ronde}, @@ -30196,7 +30361,7 @@ @incollection{bib3389 year = {2004} } -@article{bib3390, +@article{bib3408, author = {Hayward, R. J.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, pages = {539-570, 103-132}, @@ -30205,7 +30370,7 @@ @article{bib3390 year = {1978, 1979} } -@incollection{bib3391, +@incollection{bib3409, author = {Hayward, Richard J.}, editor = {Hayward, Richard J.}, booktitle = {Omotic Language Studies}, @@ -30214,14 +30379,14 @@ @incollection{bib3391 year = {1990} } -@book{bib3392, +@book{bib3410, author = {Hayward, Richard J.}, publisher = {School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London}, title = {The Challenge of Omotic}, year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib3393, +@incollection{bib3411, author = {Hayward, Richard}, editor = {Hess, Robert L.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the fifth International Conference on Ethiopian Studies: Session B, April 13-16, 1978, Chicago, USA}, @@ -30230,7 +30395,7 @@ @incollection{bib3393 year = {1978} } -@article{bib3394, +@article{bib3412, author = {Hayward, Richard J.}, journal = {Abbay: Documents pour Servir à la histoire de la Civilisation Éthiopienne. Cahier n}, pages = {59-70}, @@ -30239,7 +30404,7 @@ @article{bib3394 year = {1978} } -@article{bib3395, +@article{bib3413, author = {Haüser, A.}, journal = {Zaïre}, number = {2}, @@ -30249,7 +30414,7 @@ @article{bib3395 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3396, +@article{bib3414, author = {He, Jiashan}, journal = {Minzu Yuwen}, pages = {67-76}, @@ -30258,7 +30423,7 @@ @article{bib3396 year = {1981} } -@book{bib3397, +@book{bib3415, author = {He, Jiashan and Luo, Meizhen}, address = {Beijing}, pages = {107}, @@ -30268,7 +30433,7 @@ @book{bib3397 year = {1983} } -@book{bib3398, +@book{bib3416, author = {Headland, Thomas N. and Headland, Janet D.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -30278,7 +30443,7 @@ @book{bib3398 year = {1974} } -@article{bib3399, +@article{bib3417, author = {Headland, Thomas N.}, journal = {Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society}, pages = {245-257}, @@ -30287,7 +30452,7 @@ @article{bib3399 year = {1975} } -@article{bib3400, +@article{bib3418, author = {Headland, Thomas N.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session}, @@ -30297,13 +30462,13 @@ @article{bib3400 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib3401, +@misc{bib3419, author = {Headland, Thomas N.}, title = {Why Foragers do not Become Farmers: A historical study of a changing ecosystem and its effect on a Negrito hunter-gatherer group in the Philippines}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib3402, +@book{bib3420, author = {Healey, Phyllis M.}, address = {Manila}, publisher = {Bureau of Printing}, @@ -30311,7 +30476,7 @@ @book{bib3402 year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib3403, +@incollection{bib3421, author = {Headland, Thomas N. and Healey, Alan}, booktitle = {Papers in Philippine Linguistics 6 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, pages = {1-54}, @@ -30320,7 +30485,7 @@ @incollection{bib3403 year = {1974} } -@book{bib3404, +@book{bib3422, author = {Healey, Christopher J.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -30330,7 +30495,7 @@ @book{bib3404 year = {1990} } -@book{bib3405, +@book{bib3423, author = {Healey, Phyllis M. and Healey, Alan}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99035}, @@ -30342,14 +30507,14 @@ @book{bib3405 year = {1977} } -@book{bib3406, +@book{bib3424, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, publisher = {Humanities Press / Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, title = {A Functional Grammar of Nunggubuyu}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib3407, +@book{bib3425, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, pages = {xvi+745}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, @@ -30359,7 +30524,7 @@ @book{bib3407 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3408, +@book{bib3426, author = {Heath, J.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -30369,7 +30534,7 @@ @book{bib3408 year = {1981} } -@book{bib3409, +@book{bib3427, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -30379,7 +30544,7 @@ @book{bib3409 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3410, +@book{bib3428, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -30389,7 +30554,7 @@ @book{bib3410 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3411, +@book{bib3429, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Sydney}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, @@ -30399,20 +30564,20 @@ @book{bib3411 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3412, +@book{bib3430, author = {Heath, G. R. and Marx, W. G.}, publisher = {Imprenta Calderon}, title = {Diccionario Miskito-Español, Español-Miskito}, year = {1961} } -@misc{bib3413, +@misc{bib3431, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, title = {Draft Beni-Wali Grammar}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib3414, +@book{bib3432, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -30420,7 +30585,7 @@ @book{bib3414 year = {1984} } -@book{bib3415, +@book{bib3433, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -30428,14 +30593,14 @@ @book{bib3415 year = {1978} } -@book{bib3416, +@book{bib3434, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, title = {Nunggubuyu Dictionary}, year = {1982} } -@misc{bib3417, +@misc{bib3435, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, local_ids = {91560}, month = {September}, @@ -30443,7 +30608,7 @@ @misc{bib3417 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3418, +@book{bib3436, author = {Heath, Jeffrey}, address = {Stanford}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -30456,7 +30621,7 @@ @book{bib3418 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3419, +@book{bib3437, author = {Heepe, Martin}, pages = {xi, 166}, publisher = {Friederichsen, De Gruyter & Co.}, @@ -30465,7 +30630,7 @@ @book{bib3419 year = {1920} } -@book{bib3420, +@book{bib3438, author = {Heepe, Martin}, pages = {vi, 55}, publisher = {Friederichsen & Co.}, @@ -30473,7 +30638,7 @@ @book{bib3420 year = {1914} } -@article{bib3421, +@article{bib3439, author = {Heepe, Martin}, journal = {Zeits. der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, pages = {590-595}, @@ -30482,7 +30647,7 @@ @article{bib3421 year = {1914} } -@article{bib3422, +@article{bib3440, author = {Silzer, P. J. and Heikkinen, H.}, journal = {Irian}, pages = {1-124}, @@ -30491,7 +30656,7 @@ @article{bib3422 year = {1984} } -@article{bib3423, +@article{bib3441, author = {Heikkinen, Terttu}, journal = {South African Journal of African Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -30501,7 +30666,7 @@ @article{bib3423 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib3424, +@incollection{bib3442, author = {Heine, Bernd}, editor = {Seiler, Hansjakob and Lehmann, Christopher}, booktitle = {Apprehension: das sprachliche Erfassen von Gegenstanden Language universals series, #1:1}, @@ -30512,14 +30677,14 @@ @incollection{bib3424 year = {1982} } -@book{bib3425, +@book{bib3443, author = {Heine, Bernd}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Auxiliaries: Cognitive Forces and Grammaticalization}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib3426, +@book{bib3444, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {242-295}, publisher = {AuU. LX}, @@ -30527,7 +30692,7 @@ @book{bib3426 year = {1977} } -@book{bib3427, +@book{bib3445, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {278-299}, publisher = {AuU. LIX}, @@ -30535,7 +30700,7 @@ @book{bib3427 year = {1976} } -@book{bib3428, +@book{bib3446, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -30545,7 +30710,7 @@ @book{bib3428 year = {1982} } -@book{bib3429, +@book{bib3447, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {10}, publisher = {Univ. College of Nairobi}, @@ -30554,7 +30719,7 @@ @book{bib3429 year = {1970} } -@book{bib3430, +@book{bib3448, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Köln}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -30566,7 +30731,7 @@ @book{bib3430 year = {1999} } -@article{bib3431, +@article{bib3449, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {1}, @@ -30576,7 +30741,7 @@ @article{bib3431 year = {1975} } -@article{bib3432, +@article{bib3450, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Kiswahili}, number = {1}, @@ -30586,7 +30751,7 @@ @article{bib3432 year = {1976} } -@book{bib3433, +@book{bib3451, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {27-61, 119-138}, publisher = {AuU. LVIII (1/2)}, @@ -30594,7 +30759,7 @@ @book{bib3433 year = {1975} } -@book{bib3434, +@book{bib3452, author = {Heine, Bernd and König, Christa}, pages = {140}, publisher = {Breitenbach}, @@ -30603,7 +30768,7 @@ @book{bib3434 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib3435, +@incollection{bib3453, author = {Heine, Bernd and Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, editor = {Geider, Thomas and Kastenholz, Raimund}, booktitle = {Sprachen und Sprachzeugnisse in Afrika: eine Sammlung philologischer Beiträge Wilhelm J.G. Möhlig zum 60. Geburtstag zugeeignet}, @@ -30612,7 +30777,7 @@ @incollection{bib3435 year = {1994} } -@article{bib3436, +@article{bib3454, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, pages = {263-300}, @@ -30621,7 +30786,7 @@ @article{bib3436 year = {1974/75} } -@article{bib3437, +@article{bib3455, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, pages = {263-300}, @@ -30631,7 +30796,7 @@ @article{bib3437 year = {1975} } -@book{bib3438, +@book{bib3456, author = {Heine, Bernd}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität zu Köln}, series = {Khoisan Forum, Working Paper}, @@ -30640,7 +30805,7 @@ @book{bib3438 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib3439, +@incollection{bib3457, author = {Heine, Bernd}, editor = {Croft, William and Denning, Keith and Kemmer, Suzanne}, booktitle = {Studies in typology and diachrony: papers presented to Joseph H. Greenberg on his 75th birthday Typological studies in language, #20}, @@ -30650,7 +30815,7 @@ @incollection{bib3439 year = {1990} } -@book{bib3440, +@book{bib3458, author = {Heine, Bernd}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität zu Köln}, series = {Khoisan Forum Working Papers}, @@ -30659,13 +30824,13 @@ @book{bib3440 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3441, +@misc{bib3459, author = {Heine, Bernd}, title = {The Ik language}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib3442, +@book{bib3460, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Nairobi}, publisher = {East African Publishing House}, @@ -30673,7 +30838,7 @@ @book{bib3442 year = {1976} } -@article{bib3443, +@article{bib3461, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Africa}, number = {1}, @@ -30683,7 +30848,7 @@ @article{bib3443 year = {1985} } -@book{bib3444, +@book{bib3462, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -30693,7 +30858,7 @@ @book{bib3444 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3445, +@book{bib3463, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -30703,7 +30868,7 @@ @book{bib3445 year = {1982} } -@article{bib3446, +@article{bib3464, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afroasiatic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -30712,7 +30877,7 @@ @article{bib3446 year = {1978} } -@book{bib3447, +@book{bib3465, author = {Heine, Bernd}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -30722,7 +30887,7 @@ @book{bib3447 year = {1981} } -@article{bib3448, +@article{bib3466, author = {Heine, Bernd}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {1}, @@ -30732,7 +30897,7 @@ @article{bib3448 year = {1973/74} } -@book{bib3449, +@book{bib3467, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {276-283}, publisher = {AuU. LVI}, @@ -30740,7 +30905,7 @@ @book{bib3449 year = {1973} } -@book{bib3450, +@book{bib3468, author = {Heine, Bernd}, pages = {38-49}, publisher = {AuU. LVII (1)}, @@ -30748,7 +30913,7 @@ @book{bib3450 year = {1973} } -@article{bib3451, +@article{bib3469, author = {Heine, Bernd and Vossen, Rainer}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, number = {2}, @@ -30758,7 +30923,7 @@ @article{bib3451 year = {1975/76} } -@incollection{bib3452, +@incollection{bib3470, author = {Heinen, D.}, editor = {Coppens, W.}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -30770,7 +30935,7 @@ @incollection{bib3452 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3453, +@book{bib3471, author = {Heinitz, Wilhelm}, pages = {103}, publisher = {Friederichsen & Co.}, @@ -30779,7 +30944,7 @@ @book{bib3453 year = {1917} } -@article{bib3454, +@article{bib3472, author = {Heinrichs, Arlo}, journal = {Antropologia}, pages = {127-131}, @@ -30788,7 +30953,7 @@ @article{bib3454 year = {1967} } -@book{bib3455, +@book{bib3473, author = {Cech, Petra and Heinschink, Mozes F.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -30798,7 +30963,7 @@ @book{bib3455 year = {1996} } -@article{bib3456, +@article{bib3474, author = {Cech, Petra and Heinschink, Mozes}, journal = {Grazer Linguistische Studien}, pages = {1-42}, @@ -30807,14 +30972,14 @@ @article{bib3456 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3457, +@book{bib3475, author = {Hekking, Ewald and de Jesús, Severiano Andrés}, publisher = {Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro}, title = {Gramática Otomı}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib3458, +@incollection{bib3476, author = {Helimski, Eugene}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -30825,7 +30990,7 @@ @incollection{bib3458 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3459, +@article{bib3477, author = {Hellwig, Birgit}, journal = {First Language}, local_ids = {99677}, @@ -30840,7 +31005,7 @@ @article{bib3459 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib3460, +@misc{bib3478, author = {Hellwig, Birgit}, local_ids = {24825}, title = {"Language socialisation and the transmission of Qaqet Baining (Papua New Guinea): Towards a documentation project" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -30848,7 +31013,7 @@ @misc{bib3460 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3461, +@book{bib3479, author = {Hemming, J.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Macmillan}, @@ -30856,7 +31021,7 @@ @book{bib3461 year = {1987} } -@article{bib3462, +@article{bib3480, author = {Henderson, Brent}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, local_ids = {92400}, @@ -30867,14 +31032,14 @@ @article{bib3462 year = {2010} } -@book{bib3463, +@book{bib3481, author = {Henderson, John}, publisher = {IAD Press}, title = {Eastern and Central Arrernte to English Dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3464, +@incollection{bib3482, author = {Henderson, John and Dobson, Veronica}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -30883,7 +31048,7 @@ @incollection{bib3464 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3465, +@book{bib3483, author = {Henderson, Eugénie J. A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {London Oriental Series}, @@ -30892,7 +31057,7 @@ @book{bib3465 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib3466, +@incollection{bib3484, author = {Schapper, Antoinette and Hendery, Rachel}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, @@ -30903,7 +31068,7 @@ @incollection{bib3466 year = {2014} } -@book{bib3467, +@book{bib3485, author = {Hendriksen, Hans}, address = {Kœbenhavn}, publisher = {Munksgaard}, @@ -30913,7 +31078,7 @@ @book{bib3467 year = {1986} } -@book{bib3468, +@book{bib3486, author = {Henri, Agnès}, address = {Leuven}, local_ids = {97180}, @@ -30922,7 +31087,7 @@ @book{bib3468 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3469, +@book{bib3487, author = {Henrici, Ernst}, address = {Stuttgart & Berlin}, publisher = {W. Spemann}, @@ -30932,7 +31097,7 @@ @book{bib3469 year = {1891} } -@article{bib3470, +@article{bib3488, author = {Henry, J.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {172-218, 194-204}, @@ -30941,7 +31106,7 @@ @article{bib3470 year = {1935, 1948} } -@article{bib3471, +@article{bib3489, author = {Henry, Jules}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -30951,7 +31116,7 @@ @article{bib3471 year = {1935} } -@book{bib3472, +@book{bib3490, author = {Adam, Lucien and Henry, V.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -30961,14 +31126,14 @@ @book{bib3472 year = {1880} } -@book{bib3473, +@book{bib3491, author = {Henry, David C.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Dinaak'a Our Language}, year = {1969} } -@article{bib3474, +@article{bib3492, author = {Henry, Jules}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {194-204}, @@ -30977,7 +31142,7 @@ @article{bib3474 year = {1948} } -@article{bib3475, +@article{bib3493, author = {Henry, J.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {86-91}, @@ -30986,7 +31151,7 @@ @article{bib3475 year = {1939} } -@article{bib3476, +@article{bib3494, author = {Hensel, R.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {124-135}, @@ -30995,7 +31160,7 @@ @article{bib3476 year = {1869} } -@article{bib3477, +@article{bib3495, author = {Hensey, Fritz G.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -31005,7 +31170,7 @@ @article{bib3477 year = {1972} } -@book{bib3478, +@book{bib3496, author = {Durieux, Jude A. and Durieux-Boon, Evelin I. K. and Hatfield, Deborah H. and Henson, Bonnie J.}, institution = {SIL}, local_ids = {90161}, @@ -31016,7 +31181,7 @@ @book{bib3478 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3479, +@book{bib3497, author = {Herbert, Thomas}, pages = {8, 399, 19}, publisher = {R. Everingham; R. Scot; T. Basset; J. Wright; Richard Chiswell}, @@ -31024,7 +31189,7 @@ @book{bib3479 year = {1677} } -@incollection{bib3480, +@incollection{bib3498, author = {Herbert, Patricia}, editor = {Naden, Anthony Joshua}, booktitle = {Time and the calender in some Ghanaian languages Linguistic aspects of culture, #4}, @@ -31034,7 +31199,7 @@ @incollection{bib3480 year = {1996} } -@book{bib3481, +@book{bib3499, author = {Hercus, Luise A.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -31044,7 +31209,7 @@ @book{bib3481 year = {1994} } -@book{bib3482, +@book{bib3500, author = {Hercus, L. A.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -31054,7 +31219,7 @@ @book{bib3482 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib3483, +@incollection{bib3501, author = {Hercus, Luise}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -31063,7 +31228,7 @@ @incollection{bib3483 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3484, +@book{bib3502, author = {Hercus, Luise A.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -31073,7 +31238,7 @@ @book{bib3484 year = {1982} } -@book{bib3485, +@book{bib3503, author = {Willet, Shelagh M. and Monageng, Stella and Saugestad, Sidsel and Hermans, Janet}, address = {Gaborone}, publisher = {Lightbooks}, @@ -31081,7 +31246,7 @@ @book{bib3485 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib3486, +@incollection{bib3504, author = {Hernández, Fortunato}, booktitle = {Las razas indígenas de Sonora y la guerra del Yaqui J. De Elizalde}, pages = {237-294}, @@ -31089,7 +31254,7 @@ @incollection{bib3486 year = {1904} } -@book{bib3487, +@book{bib3505, author = {Herranz, Atanasio}, address = {Editorial Guaymuras, Apartado Postal 1843, Tegucigalpa, Honduras}, edition = {2nd (segunda)}, @@ -31101,7 +31266,7 @@ @book{bib3487 year = {2000} } -@article{bib3488, +@article{bib3506, author = {Herrera, Lázaro and Herrera, Fabiola}, journal = {Artículos en Lingüística y Campos Afines}, pages = {59-86}, @@ -31110,7 +31275,7 @@ @article{bib3488 year = {1979} } -@book{bib3489, +@book{bib3507, author = {Buckner, H. F. and Herrod, G.}, address = {Marion, Alabama}, publisher = {Domestic and Indian Mission Board of the Southern Baptists Convention}, @@ -31118,7 +31283,7 @@ @book{bib3489 year = {1860} } -@incollection{bib3490, +@incollection{bib3508, author = {Hershberger, Ruth}, editor = {Oates, W. J and Oates, L. F.}, booktitle = {Gugu-Yalanji and Wik-Munkan Language Studies Occasional Papers in Aboriginal Studies Number}, @@ -31129,7 +31294,7 @@ @incollection{bib3490 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib3491, +@incollection{bib3509, author = {Hershberger, Ruth}, editor = {Kilham, Christine}, booktitle = {Work Papers of SIL-AAB Work Papers of SIL-AAB, Series A}, @@ -31140,7 +31305,7 @@ @incollection{bib3491 year = {1979} } -@book{bib3492, +@book{bib3510, author = {Hershberger, Henry D. and Hershberger, Ruth}, pages = {294}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -31150,7 +31315,7 @@ @book{bib3492 year = {1982} } -@book{bib3493, +@book{bib3511, author = {Hess, H. Harwood}, pages = {159}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, @@ -31160,14 +31325,14 @@ @book{bib3493 year = {1968} } -@book{bib3494, +@book{bib3512, author = {Hetzer, Armin}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Sephardisch}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib3495, +@article{bib3513, author = {Hetzron, Robert}, address = {Malibu, California}, journal = {Afroasiatic Linguistics}, @@ -31180,7 +31345,7 @@ @article{bib3495 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3496, +@incollection{bib3514, author = {Hetzron, R.}, editor = {Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne and Serzisko, F.}, booktitle = {Cushitic - Omotic: papers from the International Symposium on Cushitic and Omotic Languages, Cologne, January 6-9, 1986}, @@ -31189,14 +31354,14 @@ @incollection{bib3496 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3497, +@book{bib3515, author = {Hetzron, Robert}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {The Verbal System of Southern Agaw}, year = {1969} } -@book{bib3498, +@book{bib3516, author = {Heudebert, Lucien}, pages = {281}, publisher = {Libr. Orientale et Americaine}, @@ -31204,7 +31369,7 @@ @book{bib3498 year = {1901} } -@book{bib3499, +@book{bib3517, author = {Heuvel, Wilco van den}, address = {Utrecht}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -31214,7 +31379,7 @@ @book{bib3499 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib3500, +@incollection{bib3518, author = {Hewitt, J. N. B.}, editor = {McGee, J. W.}, booktitle = {The Seri Indians: Seventeenth annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution}, @@ -31223,7 +31388,7 @@ @incollection{bib3500 year = {1898} } -@incollection{bib3501, +@incollection{bib3519, author = {Hewlett, Barry [Steven] and Koppel, J.M.H. van de and Koppel, M. van de}, editor = {Cavalli-Sforza, Luigi Luca}, booktitle = {African pygmies}, @@ -31232,7 +31397,7 @@ @incollection{bib3501 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib3502, +@incollection{bib3520, author = {Hewlett, Barry}, editor = {Kent, Susan}, booktitle = {Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: an African perspective}, @@ -31244,20 +31409,20 @@ @incollection{bib3502 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib3503, +@misc{bib3521, author = {Hewlett, Barry [Steven]}, title = {Notes on the Mbuti and Aka pygmies of Central Africa}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib3504, +@book{bib3522, author = {Hewson, John and Francis, Bernard}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, title = {The Micmac grammar of Father Pacifique. Translated and retranscribed}, year = {1990} } -@article{bib3505, +@article{bib3523, author = {Hickerson, Nancy F.}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {91-106}, @@ -31266,7 +31431,7 @@ @article{bib3505 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3506, +@incollection{bib3524, author = {Hickerson, Nancy P.}, editor = {O'Leary, Timothy J. and Levinson, David}, address = {Boston}, @@ -31278,7 +31443,7 @@ @incollection{bib3506 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib3507, +@incollection{bib3525, author = {Hickey, Raymond}, address = {Berlin}, booktitle = {The dialects of Irish: Study of a changing landscape}, @@ -31288,7 +31453,7 @@ @incollection{bib3507 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3508, +@article{bib3526, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, journal = {Suwahiri & Afurika kenkyu / Journal of Swahili and African studies}, pages = {131-155}, @@ -31297,7 +31462,7 @@ @article{bib3508 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3509, +@incollection{bib3527, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -31310,7 +31475,7 @@ @incollection{bib3509 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3510, +@article{bib3528, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, journal = {Suwahiri & Afurika kenkyu / Journal of Swahili and African studies}, pages = {97-108}, @@ -31319,7 +31484,7 @@ @article{bib3510 year = {1990} } -@article{bib3511, +@article{bib3529, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {African Study Monographs, Supplement}, @@ -31330,7 +31495,7 @@ @article{bib3511 year = {1991} } -@article{bib3512, +@article{bib3530, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Journal of Swahili and African Studies}, @@ -31341,7 +31506,7 @@ @article{bib3512 year = {1991} } -@article{bib3513, +@article{bib3531, author = {Hieda, Osamu}, journal = {Suwahiri & Afurika kenkyu / Journal of Swahili and African studies}, pages = {92-106}, @@ -31350,7 +31515,7 @@ @article{bib3513 year = {1991} } -@article{bib3514, +@article{bib3532, author = {Hiernaux, Jean and Hartono, D. Boedhi}, journal = {Annals of human biology}, number = {4}, @@ -31360,7 +31525,7 @@ @article{bib3514 year = {1980} } -@article{bib3515, +@article{bib3533, author = {Higgens, Kathleen}, journal = {Anthropology and humanism quarterly}, number = {4}, @@ -31370,7 +31535,7 @@ @article{bib3515 year = {1985} } -@phdthesis{bib3516, +@phdthesis{bib3534, author = {Higgins, Holly Ann}, local_ids = {91140}, school = {Trinity Western University}, @@ -31378,7 +31543,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3516 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib3517, +@misc{bib3535, author = {High, Casey}, local_ids = {24853}, title = {"Waorani Documentation Project" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -31386,7 +31551,7 @@ @misc{bib3517 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3518, +@incollection{bib3536, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine}, editor = {Genetti, Carol}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -31398,7 +31563,7 @@ @incollection{bib3518 year = {2004} } -@book{bib3519, +@book{bib3537, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine}, pages = {1-36}, publisher = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area.}, @@ -31406,14 +31571,14 @@ @book{bib3519 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3520, +@book{bib3538, author = {Hildebrandt and K.A. and Dhakal, D.N. and Bond, O. and Vallejo, M. and Fyffe, A.}, publisher = {NFDIN Journal.}, title = {A sociolinguistic survey of the languages of Manang, Nepal: Co-existence and endangerment}, url = {http://www.mananglanguages.org/uploads/3/1/4/9/3149163/nfdin_hildebrandt_v3.pdf} } -@incollection{bib3521, +@incollection{bib3539, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine}, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin and Tadmoor, Uri}, booktitle = {Loanwords in the World's Languages}, @@ -31422,7 +31587,7 @@ @incollection{bib3521 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib3522, +@incollection{bib3540, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine A}, editor = {Matras, Yaron and Sakel, Jeanette}, booktitle = {Grammatical Borrowing in Cross-linguistic Perspective}, @@ -31431,7 +31596,7 @@ @incollection{bib3522 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib3523, +@misc{bib3541, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine}, local_ids = {24832}, title = {"Nar and Phu (Tibeto-Burman, Nepal): Field Research for an Audio-Visual Archive of Comparative Lexical and Discourse Material" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -31439,7 +31604,7 @@ @misc{bib3523 year = {2010} } -@article{bib3524, +@article{bib3542, author = {Hildebrandt, J.M.}, journal = {Zeits. der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin}, pages = {37-52}, @@ -31448,14 +31613,14 @@ @article{bib3524 year = {1876} } -@misc{bib3525, +@misc{bib3543, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine A.}, local_ids = {98132}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib3526, +@book{bib3544, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine}, pages = {1-34}, publisher = {Himalayan Linguistics Journal .}, @@ -31463,7 +31628,7 @@ @book{bib3526 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3527, +@book{bib3545, author = {Hildebrandt, Martha}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Ministerio de Justicia, Republica de Venezuela}, @@ -31473,7 +31638,7 @@ @book{bib3527 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib3528, +@incollection{bib3546, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine A.}, editor = {Miestamo, Matti and Waelchli, Bernhard}, booktitle = {New Trends in Typology: Young Typologists’ Contributions to Linguistic Theory}, @@ -31482,7 +31647,7 @@ @incollection{bib3528 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3529, +@book{bib3547, author = {Hill, Jane A.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -31492,21 +31657,21 @@ @book{bib3529 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib3530, +@misc{bib3548, author = {Hill, Jane H.}, pages = {330}, title = {A grammar of the Cupeño language}, year = {1966} } -@misc{bib3531, +@misc{bib3549, author = {Hill, Kenneth C.}, pages = {291}, title = {A grammar of the Serrano language}, year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib3532, +@incollection{bib3550, author = {Hill, Deborah}, editor = {Goddard, Cliff and Wierzbicka, Anna}, booktitle = {Semantic and lexical universals}, @@ -31515,7 +31680,7 @@ @incollection{bib3532 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3533, +@incollection{bib3551, author = {Hill, Deborah}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -31526,7 +31691,7 @@ @incollection{bib3533 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3534, +@book{bib3552, author = {Hill, Deborah}, local_ids = {96640}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -31534,7 +31699,7 @@ @book{bib3534 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3535, +@article{bib3553, author = {Hill, Jane H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -31544,7 +31709,7 @@ @article{bib3535 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3536, +@misc{bib3554, author = {Hill, Deborah}, local_ids = {24845}, title = {"Telling and Re-telling: documenting Longgu (an Oceanic language of the Solomon Islands) folkloric stories and procedural narratives over time" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -31552,7 +31717,7 @@ @misc{bib3536 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3537, +@article{bib3555, author = {Hill, Trevor}, journal = {Kiswahili}, number = {2}, @@ -31562,7 +31727,7 @@ @article{bib3537 year = {1973} } -@article{bib3538, +@article{bib3556, author = {Hill-Tout, Charles}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {4}, @@ -31572,7 +31737,7 @@ @article{bib3538 year = {1905} } -@book{bib3539, +@book{bib3557, author = {Mitchell, Jessica R. and Hilty, Holly J.}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98263}, @@ -31583,7 +31748,7 @@ @book{bib3539 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib3540, +@misc{bib3558, author = {Hilty, Holly J. and Mitchell, Jessica R.}, institution = {Central Department of Linguistics Tribhuvan University, Nepal and SIL International}, local_ids = {98285}, @@ -31592,7 +31757,7 @@ @misc{bib3540 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3541, +@article{bib3559, author = {Himes, Ronald}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Science}, number = {2}, @@ -31602,7 +31767,7 @@ @article{bib3541 year = {1990} } -@article{bib3542, +@article{bib3560, author = {Himes, Ronald}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {83–109}, @@ -31611,7 +31776,7 @@ @article{bib3542 year = {1996} } -@book{bib3543, +@book{bib3561, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -31623,7 +31788,7 @@ @book{bib3543 year = {2001} } -@article{bib3544, +@article{bib3562, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P.}, journal = {NUSA Monographs}, title = {Tomini-Tolitoli Sound Structures}, @@ -31631,7 +31796,7 @@ @article{bib3544 year = {1991} } -@book{bib3545, +@book{bib3563, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. and Wolf, John U.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -31640,7 +31805,7 @@ @book{bib3545 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3546, +@book{bib3564, author = {Capell, Arthur and Hinch, H. E.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -31649,7 +31814,7 @@ @book{bib3546 year = {1970} } -@article{bib3547, +@article{bib3565, author = {Hindle, Lonnie and Rigsby, Bruce}, journal = {Northwest Anthropological Research Notes}, number = {1}, @@ -31659,7 +31824,7 @@ @article{bib3547 year = {1973} } -@book{bib3548, +@book{bib3566, author = {Hingant, Jean}, address = {Tréguier}, publisher = {A. Le Flem}, @@ -31667,7 +31832,7 @@ @book{bib3548 year = {1868} } -@incollection{bib3549, +@incollection{bib3567, author = {Hirschberg, Walter}, editor = {Bernatzik, Hugo Adolf}, booktitle = {Die neue grosse Völkerkunde}, @@ -31676,7 +31841,7 @@ @incollection{bib3549 year = {1954} } -@article{bib3550, +@article{bib3568, author = {Hirschberg, Walter}, journal = {Zeits. für Ethnologie}, pages = {119-136}, @@ -31685,7 +31850,7 @@ @article{bib3550 year = {1933} } -@article{bib3551, +@article{bib3569, author = {Hirut, Wolde-Mariam}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {90-101}, @@ -31694,14 +31859,14 @@ @article{bib3551 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib3552, +@misc{bib3570, author = {Hisa and Arka, La; and Suryawan, I Wayan; and Mahuze, Ngurah; and Agustinus}, title = {Etnobotani Masyrakat Suku Marori di Kabupaten Merauke, Papua}, url = {https://meraukelanguages.org/id/publications/hisa-et-al-2016-ethnobiology-guidebook/}, year = {2016} } -@article{bib3553, +@article{bib3571, author = {Hissink, Karin}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {159-161}, @@ -31710,7 +31875,7 @@ @article{bib3553 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib3554, +@incollection{bib3572, author = {Hitchcock, Robert Karl and Campbell, Alec C.}, editor = {Hitchcock, R. Renée and Smith, Mary R.}, booktitle = {Settlement in Botswana}, @@ -31719,7 +31884,7 @@ @incollection{bib3554 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib3555, +@incollection{bib3573, author = {Biesele, Megan and Hitchcok, Robert K.}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt-am-Main}, @@ -31733,7 +31898,7 @@ @incollection{bib3555 year = {2000} } -@article{bib3556, +@article{bib3574, author = {Hitzeroth, Helmut Walter}, journal = {Cimbebasia}, number = {7}, @@ -31743,7 +31908,7 @@ @article{bib3556 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3557, +@incollection{bib3575, author = {Hoard, J. E.}, editor = {Cook, Eung-Do and Kaye, J.}, booktitle = {Linguistic Studies of Native Canada}, @@ -31752,7 +31917,7 @@ @incollection{bib3557 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib3558, +@incollection{bib3576, author = {Hoard, James}, editor = {Mattina, A. and Montler, T.}, booktitle = {American Indian Linguistics and Ethnography in Honor of Laurence C. Thompson University of Montana Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -31763,14 +31928,14 @@ @incollection{bib3558 year = {1993} } -@book{bib3559, +@book{bib3577, author = {Hobley, C. W.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Ethnology of A-Kamba and Other East African Tribes}, year = {1910} } -@article{bib3560, +@article{bib3578, author = {Hockett, C. F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-10, 63-73, 139-149, 213-225}, @@ -31779,7 +31944,7 @@ @article{bib3560 year = {1948} } -@article{bib3561, +@article{bib3579, author = {Hockett, Charles F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {139-149}, @@ -31788,7 +31953,7 @@ @article{bib3561 year = {1948} } -@article{bib3562, +@article{bib3580, author = {Bartlett, John Russell and Hodge, F. W.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {3}, @@ -31798,7 +31963,7 @@ @article{bib3562 year = {1909} } -@article{bib3563, +@article{bib3581, author = {Hodgson, Brian H.}, journal = {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal}, pages = {486-522, 393-442}, @@ -31807,7 +31972,7 @@ @article{bib3563 year = {1857, 1858} } -@article{bib3564, +@article{bib3582, author = {Hodgson, B. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal}, number = {2}, @@ -31817,7 +31982,7 @@ @article{bib3564 year = {1848} } -@article{bib3565, +@article{bib3583, author = {Hodgson, B. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal}, pages = {117-151}, @@ -31826,7 +31991,7 @@ @article{bib3565 year = {1853} } -@article{bib3566, +@article{bib3584, author = {Hodgson, Brian H.}, journal = {Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal}, number = {6}, @@ -31836,7 +32001,7 @@ @article{bib3566 year = {1857} } -@misc{bib3567, +@misc{bib3585, author = {Hoel and Marie, Hanna and Ikäheimonen, Tarja and and Nozawa, Michiyo}, local_ids = {98994}, title = {Mende dialect survey}, @@ -31844,7 +32009,7 @@ @misc{bib3567 year = {1997} } -@book{bib3568, +@book{bib3586, author = {Hoeller, Alfredo}, address = {Hall in Tirol}, publisher = {Verlag der Missionsprokura der P.~P.~Franziskaner}, @@ -31852,7 +32017,7 @@ @book{bib3568 year = {1932} } -@article{bib3569, +@article{bib3587, author = {Hoenigman, Darja}, journal = {The Australian Journal of Anthropology}, number = {3}, @@ -31862,7 +32027,7 @@ @article{bib3569 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib3570, +@incollection{bib3588, author = {Hoenigman, Darja}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas and Klamer, Marian}, address = {Honolulu, Hawaii}, @@ -31874,7 +32039,7 @@ @incollection{bib3570 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3571, +@article{bib3589, author = {Hoff, B. J.}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {49-103}, @@ -31883,7 +32048,7 @@ @article{bib3571 year = {1986} } -@book{bib3572, +@book{bib3590, author = {Hoff, B. J.}, publisher = {M. Nijhoff}, series = {Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, @@ -31892,7 +32057,7 @@ @book{bib3572 year = {1968} } -@book{bib3573, +@book{bib3591, author = {Hoff, Berend Jacob}, address = {'s Gravenhage}, publisher = {N. V. de Nederlandsche boek- en steendrukkerij v/H H. L. Smits}, @@ -31901,7 +32066,7 @@ @book{bib3573 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib3574, +@incollection{bib3592, author = {Hoff, B. J.}, editor = {Jansen, F.}, booktitle = {Studies on Fronting}, @@ -31910,7 +32075,7 @@ @incollection{bib3574 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib3575, +@misc{bib3593, author = {Hoffmann, Erica}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {51103}, @@ -31919,7 +32084,7 @@ @misc{bib3575 year = {1990} } -@article{bib3576, +@article{bib3594, author = {Hoffmann, Carl F.}, journal = {Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, pages = {180-219}, @@ -31928,7 +32093,7 @@ @article{bib3576 year = {1972} } -@misc{bib3577, +@misc{bib3595, author = {Hoffmann, Dorothea}, howpublished = {Personal Communication}, local_ids = {92760}, @@ -31937,7 +32102,7 @@ @misc{bib3577 year = {2013} } -@book{bib3578, +@book{bib3596, author = {Hofling, Charles A.}, address = {Salt Lake City}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, @@ -31945,27 +32110,27 @@ @book{bib3578 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3579, +@book{bib3597, author = {Hofling, Charles Andrew and Tesucún, Félix Fernando}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, title = {Itzaj Maya-Spanish-English Dictionary}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib3580, +@misc{bib3598, author = {Hofling and III and Andrew, Charles}, title = {Itza Maya morphosyntax from a discourse perspective}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib3581, +@book{bib3599, author = {Hofling, Charles Andrew}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, title = {Itzá Maya texts, with a grammatical overview}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3582, +@article{bib3600, author = {Hofling, Charles Andrew}, journal = {Proceedings of the Conference on Indigenous Languages of Latin America-III}, local_ids = {98366}, @@ -31974,7 +32139,7 @@ @article{bib3582 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3583, +@book{bib3601, author = {Hogan, David W.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -31984,7 +32149,7 @@ @book{bib3583 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3584, +@book{bib3602, author = {Hohepa, Patrick W.}, publisher = {Waverly Press by Indiana University, Bloomington}, series = {Indiana University Publications in Anthropology and Linguistics, Memoir}, @@ -31993,7 +32158,7 @@ @book{bib3584 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib3585, +@incollection{bib3603, author = {Hoijer, Harry}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -32005,7 +32170,7 @@ @incollection{bib3585 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib3586, +@incollection{bib3604, author = {Hoijer, H.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -32017,7 +32182,7 @@ @incollection{bib3586 year = {1946} } -@article{bib3587, +@article{bib3605, author = {Hoijer, Harry and Dozier, E. P.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -32027,7 +32192,7 @@ @article{bib3587 year = {1949} } -@book{bib3588, +@book{bib3606, author = {Sapir, Edward and Hoijer, Harry}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -32037,13 +32202,13 @@ @book{bib3588 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib3589, +@misc{bib3607, author = {Anonby, Stan and Holbrook, David J.}, title = {A survey of the languages of the Javari river valley, Brazil}, year = {2010} } -@misc{bib3590, +@misc{bib3608, author = {Holbrook, David J.}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99229}, @@ -32053,13 +32218,13 @@ @misc{bib3590 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib3591, +@misc{bib3609, author = {Anonby, Stan and Holbrook, David J.}, title = {Panará / Kreen-Akarore Language Survey Report}, year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3592, +@incollection{bib3610, author = {Holisky, Dee Ann}, editor = {Harris, Alice C.}, address = {New York}, @@ -32071,7 +32236,7 @@ @incollection{bib3592 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib3593, +@incollection{bib3611, author = {Holisky, Dee Ann and Gagua, Rusudan}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The indigenous languages of the Caucasus. Volume 4: The North East Caucasian Languages}, @@ -32080,12 +32245,19 @@ @incollection{bib3593 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib3594, +@misc{bib3612, author = {Hollis, Alfred Claud}, title = {Unpublished Pare-Gweno vocabulary} } -@book{bib3595, +@book{bib3613, + author = {Holm, Thomas Campanius}, + publisher = {Evolution Publishing}, + title = {A vocabulary of Susquehannock}, + year = {1996 [1702]} +} + +@book{bib3614, author = {Holmberg, Allan R.}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, series = {Institute of Social Anthropology Publication No.~10}, @@ -32093,7 +32265,7 @@ @book{bib3595 year = {1950} } -@book{bib3596, +@book{bib3615, author = {Holmer, Arthur J.}, series = {Travaux de l'Institut de Linguistique de Lund}, title = {A Parametric Grammar of Seediq}, @@ -32101,7 +32273,7 @@ @book{bib3596 year = {1996} } -@article{bib3597, +@article{bib3616, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {Revista colombiana de antropología}, pages = {311-355}, @@ -32110,7 +32282,7 @@ @article{bib3597 year = {1953} } -@article{bib3598, +@article{bib3617, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {145-158}, @@ -32119,7 +32291,7 @@ @article{bib3598 year = {1949} } -@article{bib3599, +@article{bib3618, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {110-120}, @@ -32128,7 +32300,7 @@ @article{bib3599 year = {1949} } -@article{bib3600, +@article{bib3619, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {45-56}, @@ -32137,7 +32309,7 @@ @article{bib3600 year = {1949} } -@article{bib3601, +@article{bib3620, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {232-236}, @@ -32146,7 +32318,7 @@ @article{bib3601 year = {1949} } -@article{bib3602, +@article{bib3621, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {45-56, 110-120, 145-157, 232-235}, @@ -32155,7 +32327,7 @@ @article{bib3602 year = {1949} } -@book{bib3603, +@book{bib3622, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {vii+485}, @@ -32166,7 +32338,7 @@ @book{bib3603 year = {1983} } -@book{bib3604, +@book{bib3623, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -32179,7 +32351,7 @@ @book{bib3604 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3605, +@book{bib3624, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -32188,7 +32360,7 @@ @book{bib3605 year = {1971} } -@book{bib3606, +@book{bib3625, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, address = {Upsala}, publisher = {Lundequistska Bokhandeln}, @@ -32198,7 +32370,7 @@ @book{bib3606 year = {1953} } -@book{bib3607, +@book{bib3626, author = {Holmer, Nils M.}, address = {Upsala}, publisher = {Lundequistska Bokhandeln}, @@ -32208,7 +32380,7 @@ @book{bib3607 year = {1954} } -@book{bib3608, +@book{bib3627, author = {Holmes, John Henry Rev.}, pages = {124-42}, publisher = {Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.}, @@ -32216,14 +32388,14 @@ @book{bib3608 year = {1913} } -@book{bib3609, +@book{bib3628, author = {Holmes, Ruth Bradley and Smith, Betty Sharp}, publisher = {University of Oklahoma Press}, title = {Beginning Cherokee}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib3610, +@book{bib3629, author = {Holst, Jan Henrik}, address = {Hamburg}, pages = {280}, @@ -32232,7 +32404,7 @@ @book{bib3610 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3611, +@book{bib3630, author = {Holt, Dennis}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -32242,13 +32414,13 @@ @book{bib3611 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib3612, +@misc{bib3631, author = {Holt, Dennis}, title = {The development of the Paya sound system}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib3613, +@book{bib3632, author = {Holt, D.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -32258,7 +32430,7 @@ @book{bib3613 year = {1999} } -@book{bib3614, +@book{bib3633, author = {Holton, Jim}, address = {San Leandro, California}, publisher = {Wawa Press}, @@ -32266,7 +32438,7 @@ @book{bib3614 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3615, +@incollection{bib3634, author = {Holton, Gary}, editor = {Mark, David M. and Turk, Andrew G. and Burenhult, Niclas and Stea, David}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -32277,26 +32449,26 @@ @incollection{bib3615 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib3616, +@misc{bib3635, author = {Holton, Gary}, title = {Personal Communication on Nedebang}, year = {2016} } -@misc{bib3617, +@misc{bib3636, author = {Holton, Gary}, local_ids = {99329}, title = {Preliminary notes on the Nedebang language}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib3618, +@misc{bib3637, author = {Holton, Gary}, title = {Pronouns and pronominal prefixes in Alor-Pantar}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib3619, +@article{bib3638, author = {Holton, Gary}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, number = {2}, @@ -32306,7 +32478,7 @@ @article{bib3619 year = {2009} } -@book{bib3620, +@book{bib3639, author = {Arnold, Irene and Thoman, Richard and Holton, Gary}, editor = {Holton, Gary}, address = {Fairbanks}, @@ -32316,14 +32488,14 @@ @book{bib3620 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib3621, +@misc{bib3640, author = {Holton, Gary}, title = {The Phonology and Morphology of the Tanacross Athabaskan Language}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/11122/6806}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib3622, +@book{bib3641, author = {Holton, Gary}, address = {Munich}, local_ids = {99525}, @@ -32332,7 +32504,7 @@ @book{bib3622 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3623, +@incollection{bib3642, author = {Holton, Gary}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {Sketch Grammars of Alor-Pantar Languages}, @@ -32340,7 +32512,7 @@ @incollection{bib3623 year = {2014} } -@article{bib3624, +@article{bib3643, author = {Holub, Emil}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {2-20}, @@ -32349,7 +32521,7 @@ @article{bib3624 year = {1881} } -@book{bib3625, +@book{bib3644, author = {Holzinger, Daniel}, publisher = {Verlag des Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck}, series = {Innsbruscker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft Sonderheft}, @@ -32358,7 +32530,7 @@ @book{bib3625 year = {1993} } -@book{bib3626, +@book{bib3645, author = {Holzinger, Daniel}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -32368,7 +32540,7 @@ @book{bib3626 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib3627, +@incollection{bib3646, author = {Holzknecht, Susanne}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 24 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -32379,7 +32551,7 @@ @incollection{bib3627 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib3628, +@incollection{bib3647, author = {Holzknecht, Suzanne}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -32391,7 +32563,7 @@ @incollection{bib3628 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3629, +@incollection{bib3648, author = {Holzknecht, Suzanne}, editor = {Dutton, Tom and Tryon, Darrell T.}, booktitle = {Language contact and change in the Austronesian world Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs}, @@ -32402,7 +32574,7 @@ @incollection{bib3629 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib3630, +@incollection{bib3649, author = {Holzknecht, K. G.}, editor = {Holzknecht, K. G. and Phillips, D. J.}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 17 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, @@ -32413,7 +32585,7 @@ @incollection{bib3630 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib3631, +@incollection{bib3650, author = {Honda, Isao}, editor = {Kansakar, Tej Ratna and Turin, Mark}, booktitle = {Themes in Himalayan Languages and Linguistics}, @@ -32422,7 +32594,7 @@ @incollection{bib3631 year = {2003} } -@article{bib3632, +@article{bib3651, author = {Honda, Isao}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, pages = {191-210}, @@ -32431,7 +32603,7 @@ @article{bib3632 year = {2002} } -@article{bib3633, +@article{bib3652, author = {Honda, Isao}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98205}, @@ -32442,7 +32614,7 @@ @article{bib3633 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3634, +@misc{bib3653, author = {Honeyman, Tom}, local_ids = {24623}, title = {"Documentation and Description of the Fas language of Papua New Guinea" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -32450,13 +32622,13 @@ @misc{bib3634 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib3635, +@misc{bib3654, author = {Hong, Mei 紅梅}, title = {An experimental research on Khamnigan Mongolian speech 哈姆尼堪人所使用的蒙古語語音實驗研究}, year = {2012} } -@article{bib3636, +@article{bib3655, author = {Hongkai, Sun}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, pages = {27-63}, @@ -32465,21 +32637,21 @@ @article{bib3636 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3637, +@book{bib3656, author = {Hongkai, Sun}, publisher = {Minzu Chubanshe}, title = {Qiangyu Jianzhi [A brief description of the Qiang language]}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib3638, +@book{bib3657, author = {Hongkai, Sun}, publisher = {Minzu Chubanshe}, title = {Tu-lung Yu Jianzhi [A brief description of the Trung language]}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib3639, +@incollection{bib3658, author = {Honken, Henry}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer}, booktitle = {New perspectives on the study of Khoisan Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung, #7}, @@ -32489,7 +32661,7 @@ @incollection{bib3639 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3640, +@book{bib3659, author = {Hooper, Robin}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -32499,7 +32671,7 @@ @book{bib3640 year = {1996} } -@article{bib3641, +@article{bib3660, author = {Boerger, Brenda H. and Næss, Åshild and Vaa, Anders and Emerine, Rachel and Hoover, Angela}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {97820}, @@ -32509,7 +32681,7 @@ @article{bib3641 year = {2012} } -@article{bib3642, +@article{bib3661, author = {Hopkins, Simon}, journal = {Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam}, local_ids = {93240}, @@ -32519,7 +32691,7 @@ @article{bib3642 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib3643, +@incollection{bib3662, author = {Hopkins, T.}, editor = {Brown, Keith and Ogilvie, Sarah}, booktitle = {Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World}, @@ -32532,7 +32704,7 @@ @incollection{bib3643 year = {2006} } -@article{bib3644, +@article{bib3663, author = {Hore, Edward Coode}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Inst. of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {2-21, 1 plate}, @@ -32541,7 +32713,7 @@ @article{bib3644 year = {1883} } -@article{bib3645, +@article{bib3664, author = {Horner, Anton}, journal = {Bull. de la Soc. de Géographie}, pages = {125-139}, @@ -32550,7 +32722,7 @@ @article{bib3645 year = {1873} } -@article{bib3646, +@article{bib3665, author = {Horner, Anton}, journal = {Les missions catholiques}, pages = {584-586, 596-598, 614-615, 622-624}, @@ -32559,7 +32731,7 @@ @article{bib3646 year = {1873} } -@article{bib3647, +@article{bib3666, author = {Horner, Anton}, journal = {Les missions catholiques}, pages = {5-8, 20-21, 33-34, 44-45}, @@ -32568,7 +32740,7 @@ @article{bib3647 year = {1874} } -@article{bib3648, +@article{bib3667, author = {Horton, Robin}, journal = {Africa}, pages = {197-220}, @@ -32577,7 +32749,7 @@ @article{bib3648 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib3649, +@incollection{bib3668, author = {Horton, Donald}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -32589,13 +32761,13 @@ @incollection{bib3649 year = {1948} } -@misc{bib3650, +@misc{bib3669, author = {Hosokawa, Komei}, title = {The Yawuru Language of West Kimberley: a meaning-based description}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3651, +@article{bib3670, author = {Houghton, Bernard}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, N.S.}, pages = {111-138}, @@ -32604,7 +32776,7 @@ @article{bib3651 year = {1897} } -@article{bib3652, +@article{bib3671, author = {Houis, Maurice}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire: Série B, Sciences Humaines}, pages = {391-401}, @@ -32613,14 +32785,14 @@ @article{bib3652 year = {1956} } -@book{bib3653, +@book{bib3672, author = {Houwald, Götz von}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación}, title = {Diccionario Español-Sumo, Sumo-Español}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib3654, +@article{bib3673, author = {Houïs, Maurice}, journal = {Etudes guinéennes}, pages = {25-48}, @@ -32629,7 +32801,7 @@ @article{bib3654 year = {1950} } -@book{bib3655, +@book{bib3674, author = {Næss, Åshild and Hovdhaugen, Even}, isbn = {3110238268}, local_ids = {98020}, @@ -32638,7 +32810,7 @@ @book{bib3655 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3656, +@incollection{bib3675, author = {Howard, Linda}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola G.}, booktitle = {Phonemic systems of Colombian languages Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -32649,7 +32821,7 @@ @incollection{bib3656 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib3657, +@incollection{bib3676, author = {Howard, Linda}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola G.}, booktitle = {no booktitle Sistemas fonológicos de idiomas colombianos}, @@ -32660,7 +32832,7 @@ @incollection{bib3657 year = {1972} } -@phdthesis{bib3658, +@phdthesis{bib3677, author = {Howe, Darin}, local_ids = {89620}, school = {University of British Columbia}, @@ -32668,7 +32840,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3658 year = {2000} } -@article{bib3659, +@article{bib3678, author = {Howitt, A. W.}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {30-104}, @@ -32677,7 +32849,7 @@ @article{bib3659 year = {1891} } -@misc{bib3660, +@misc{bib3679, author = {Widlok, Thomas and Rapold, Christian and Hoymann, Gertie}, institution = {Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen}, local_ids = {88638}, @@ -32687,7 +32859,7 @@ @misc{bib3660 year = {2006} } -@book{bib3661, +@book{bib3680, author = {Hoyos, M.}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Instituto Caro y Cuervo}, @@ -32695,7 +32867,7 @@ @book{bib3661 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib3662, +@incollection{bib3681, author = {Hu, Zengyi 胡增益}, editor = {孫宏開、胡增益、黃行}, booktitle = {中國的語言 [Languages of China]}, @@ -32704,14 +32876,14 @@ @incollection{bib3662 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3663, +@book{bib3682, author = {Hu, Zhenhua 胡振華}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press (中央民族大學出版社)}, title = {Zhongya Dongganxue Yanjiu (中亞東干學研究) [On Dungan studies]}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib3664, +@article{bib3683, author = {Huang and 黃布凡, Bufan and and 尹蔚彬, Weibin Yin}, journal = {漢藏語學報}, pages = {58-87}, @@ -32720,7 +32892,7 @@ @article{bib3664 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3665, +@book{bib3684, author = {LaPolla, Randy J. and Huang, Chenglong}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8954}, @@ -32731,42 +32903,42 @@ @book{bib3665 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3666, +@book{bib3685, author = {Huang, 黃美金 Lilian M.}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {卑南語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Puyuma]}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib3667, +@book{bib3686, author = {Huang, 黃美金 Lilian M.}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {邵語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Thao]}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib3668, +@book{bib3687, author = {Huang, Lilian M.}, publisher = {Eleventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics (11-ICAL).}, title = {Hanxi: A Case Study of Creolization in Taiwan}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib3669, +@book{bib3688, author = {Huang and 黃澤, Ze and and 劉金明, Jinming Liu}, publisher = {The Yunnan University Press}, title = {赫哲族：黑龍江同江市街津口鄉調查 [The Nanai]}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib3670, +@book{bib3689, author = {Huber, Randall Q. and Reed, Robert B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Comparative Vocabulary: Selected Words in Indigenous Languages of Colombia}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3671, +@incollection{bib3690, author = {Hudson, G.}, editor = {Bender, M. L.}, booktitle = {The Non-Semitic languages of Ethiopia}, @@ -32775,7 +32947,7 @@ @incollection{bib3671 year = {1976} } -@book{bib3672, +@book{bib3691, author = {Hudson, Joyce}, address = {Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey}, pages = {115}, @@ -32784,7 +32956,7 @@ @book{bib3672 year = {1978} } -@article{bib3673, +@article{bib3692, author = {Hudson, Joyce and Richards, Eirlys}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {171-189}, @@ -32793,7 +32965,7 @@ @article{bib3673 year = {1969} } -@book{bib3674, +@book{bib3693, author = {Eckert, Paul and Hudson, Joyce}, address = {Underdale, Australia}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -32803,7 +32975,7 @@ @book{bib3674 year = {1994} } -@article{bib3675, +@article{bib3694, author = {Huestis, George}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {230-238}, @@ -32812,14 +32984,14 @@ @article{bib3675 year = {1963} } -@book{bib3676, +@book{bib3695, author = {Hueting, Anton}, publisher = {Nijhoff}, title = {Tobeloreesch-Hollandsch woordenboek met Hollandsch-Tobeloreesch inhoudsopgave}, year = {1908} } -@book{bib3677, +@book{bib3696, author = {Hughes, Earl J. and Healy, Alan}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, series = {Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals, Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -32828,7 +33000,7 @@ @book{bib3677 year = {1971} } -@article{bib3678, +@article{bib3697, author = {Hughes, E. J. and Leeding, V. J.}, journal = {Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals, Australian Aboriginal Studies}, pages = {72-81}, @@ -32837,7 +33009,7 @@ @article{bib3678 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib3679, +@misc{bib3698, author = {Hughes, Jock}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -32847,7 +33019,7 @@ @misc{bib3679 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib3680, +@incollection{bib3699, author = {Hugjiltu, Wu}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -32861,7 +33033,7 @@ @incollection{bib3680 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3681, +@book{bib3700, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, address = {Dili}, pages = {viii+43}, @@ -32872,7 +33044,7 @@ @book{bib3681 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3682, +@book{bib3701, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, address = {Dili}, pages = {viii+45}, @@ -32883,13 +33055,13 @@ @book{bib3682 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib3683, +@misc{bib3702, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, title = {The Languages of East Timor}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3684, +@incollection{bib3703, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, booktitle = {Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor Academy of East Timor Studies, University of Western Sydney Macarthur}, pages = {1-38}, @@ -32897,7 +33069,7 @@ @incollection{bib3684 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3685, +@article{bib3704, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, journal = {Estudos de Línguas e Culturas de Timor Leste / Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor}, pages = {23-99}, @@ -32906,7 +33078,7 @@ @article{bib3685 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3686, +@incollection{bib3705, author = {Hull, Geoffrey}, editor = {Hull, Geoffrey and Eccles, Lance}, booktitle = {Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor}, @@ -32915,7 +33087,7 @@ @incollection{bib3686 year = {1999} } -@article{bib3687, +@article{bib3706, author = {Hulstaert, G.}, journal = {Annales Æquatoria}, pages = {205-287}, @@ -32924,14 +33096,14 @@ @article{bib3687 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib3688, +@misc{bib3707, author = {Humnick, Linda Anne}, pages = {xii+112}, title = {The phonology-morphology interface in Paya: a lexical phonology approach}, year = {1991} } -@book{bib3689, +@book{bib3708, author = {Hunt, Geoffrey R.}, pages = {47}, publisher = {Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ghana}, @@ -32940,14 +33112,14 @@ @book{bib3689 year = {1981} } -@book{bib3690, +@book{bib3709, author = {Hunt, Richard J.}, publisher = {Henry Young & Sons, Limited}, title = {El Choroti o Yófuaha}, year = {1915} } -@article{bib3691, +@article{bib3710, author = {Hunt, Archibald E.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {5-19}, @@ -32956,7 +33128,7 @@ @article{bib3691 year = {1899} } -@incollection{bib3692, +@incollection{bib3711, author = {Hunt, Geoffrey R. and Hunt, Rosemary H.}, editor = {Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther}, booktitle = {West African language data sheets}, @@ -32965,7 +33137,7 @@ @incollection{bib3692 year = {1980} } -@book{bib3693, +@book{bib3712, author = {Hunt, Richard J.}, publisher = {Instituto de Anthropologia}, series = {Universidad Nacional de Tuccuran Publicacion}, @@ -32974,7 +33146,7 @@ @book{bib3693 year = {1940} } -@incollection{bib3694, +@incollection{bib3713, author = {Hunt, Geoffrey R.}, editor = {Grimes, Joseph E.}, booktitle = {Papers on discourse Publ. in linguistics and related fields, #51}, @@ -32984,7 +33156,7 @@ @incollection{bib3694 year = {1978} } -@article{bib3695, +@article{bib3714, author = {Hunter, G.}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {93}, @@ -32993,7 +33165,7 @@ @article{bib3695 year = {1952} } -@incollection{bib3696, +@incollection{bib3715, author = {Huntingford, George Wynn Brereton}, editor = {Hamilton, R.A.}, booktitle = {History and archaeology in Africa}, @@ -33002,7 +33174,7 @@ @incollection{bib3696 year = {1955} } -@article{bib3697, +@article{bib3716, author = {Huntingford, G. W. B.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {333-378}, @@ -33011,7 +33183,7 @@ @article{bib3697 year = {1929} } -@article{bib3698, +@article{bib3717, author = {Huntingford, G. W. B.}, journal = {Bibliotheca Africana}, pages = {35-50, 146-60, 317-326}, @@ -33020,7 +33192,7 @@ @article{bib3698 year = {1929-1930} } -@book{bib3699, +@book{bib3718, author = {Hunziker, Daniel and Hunziker, Elisabeth and Eaton, Helen Catherine}, address = {Dallas}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -33031,7 +33203,7 @@ @book{bib3699 year = {2008} } -@article{bib3700, +@article{bib3719, author = {Eaton, Helen and Hunziker, Daniel and Hunziker, Elisabeth}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -33042,7 +33214,7 @@ @article{bib3700 year = {2007} } -@article{bib3701, +@article{bib3720, author = {Hupfeld, Fr. von}, journal = {Mitt. von Forschungsreisenden und Gelehrten aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten: mit Benutzung amtlicher Quellen}, pages = {175-194}, @@ -33051,7 +33223,7 @@ @article{bib3701 year = {1899} } -@article{bib3702, +@article{bib3721, author = {Hupfeld, Fr. von}, journal = {Beiträge zur Kolonialpolitik und Kolonialwirtschaft}, pages = {161-176}, @@ -33060,13 +33232,13 @@ @article{bib3702 year = {1899/1900} } -@misc{bib3703, +@misc{bib3722, author = {Huppenbauer, Hans}, title = {Basari (Ntjam): Grammatik; Wörterverzeichnis Ntjam-Deutsch, Deutsch-Ntjam}, year = {1916} } -@article{bib3704, +@article{bib3723, author = {Hurault, J.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, number = {1}, @@ -33076,7 +33248,7 @@ @article{bib3704 year = {1961} } -@book{bib3705, +@book{bib3724, author = {Hurault, Jean}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Éditions de l'Orstom}, @@ -33086,7 +33258,7 @@ @book{bib3705 year = {1985 [1968]} } -@article{bib3706, +@article{bib3725, author = {Hurley, H. J.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, pages = {829-832}, @@ -33095,7 +33267,7 @@ @article{bib3706 year = {1932} } -@article{bib3707, +@article{bib3726, author = {Hurley, Jorge}, journal = {Revista do Instituto Historico e Geographico do Pará}, number = {7}, @@ -33105,7 +33277,7 @@ @article{bib3707 year = {1932} } -@article{bib3708, +@article{bib3727, author = {Shinohara, Shigeko and Hussain, Qandeel}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -33119,7 +33291,7 @@ @article{bib3708 year = {2020} } -@book{bib3709, +@book{bib3728, author = {Hutchinson, Ian}, institution = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, local_ids = {98949}, @@ -33130,7 +33302,7 @@ @book{bib3709 title = {A sociolinguistic survey of Heyo, Pahi, and Mayo-Pasi} } -@book{bib3710, +@book{bib3729, author = {Hutchinson, Noelle and Johnson, Eric}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {52198}, @@ -33142,7 +33314,7 @@ @book{bib3710 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib3711, +@incollection{bib3730, author = {Huttar, George L. and Kirton, Jean F.}, editor = {Gonzalez, Andrew and Thomas, David}, booktitle = {Linguistics Across Continents: Studies in Honor of Richard S. Pittman Linguistic Society of the Philippines Monograph}, @@ -33153,7 +33325,7 @@ @incollection{bib3711 year = {1981} } -@article{bib3712, +@article{bib3731, author = {Huzioka, Yosinaru}, journal = {Kyoto Univ. papers}, pages = {187-204}, @@ -33162,7 +33334,7 @@ @article{bib3712 year = {1973} } -@article{bib3713, +@article{bib3732, author = {Huzioka, Yosinaru}, journal = {Kyoto Univ. African studies}, pages = {147-267}, @@ -33171,14 +33343,14 @@ @article{bib3713 year = {1967} } -@book{bib3714, +@book{bib3733, author = {Hyde, Villiana}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {An Introduction to the Luiseño Language}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib3715, +@book{bib3734, author = {Hyde, Sylvia}, pages = {154}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -33189,7 +33361,7 @@ @book{bib3715 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib3716, +@incollection{bib3735, author = {Hyman, Larry Michael}, editor = {Sauzet, Patrick and Zribi-Hertz, Anne}, booktitle = {Typologie des langues d’Afrique et universaux de la grammaire}, @@ -33198,13 +33370,13 @@ @incollection{bib3716 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib3717, +@misc{bib3736, author = {Hymes, Dell Hathaway}, title = {The Language of the Kathlamet Chinook}, year = {1955} } -@phdthesis{bib3718, +@phdthesis{bib3737, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn}, local_ids = {98081}, school = {University of Oregon}, @@ -33212,7 +33384,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3718 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3719, +@incollection{bib3738, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn}, editor = {Owen-Smith, Thomas and Hill, Nathan W.}, booktitle = {Trans-Himalayan linguistics: historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area. Trends in Linguistics}, @@ -33222,7 +33394,7 @@ @incollection{bib3719 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib3720, +@misc{bib3739, author = {Hyslop, Catriona}, local_ids = {24706}, title = {"Documentation of the Vurës Language, Vanua Lava, Vanuatu" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -33230,7 +33402,7 @@ @misc{bib3720 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3721, +@incollection{bib3740, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn}, editor = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn and Morey, Stephen and and Post, Mark}, booktitle = {North East Indian linguistics}, @@ -33239,7 +33411,7 @@ @incollection{bib3721 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib3722, +@incollection{bib3741, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn and Tshering, Karma}, editor = {Morey, Stephen and Post, Mark W.}, booktitle = {North East Indian Linguistics}, @@ -33251,7 +33423,7 @@ @incollection{bib3722 year = {2010} } -@book{bib3723, +@book{bib3742, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn}, publisher = {International Conference on Language Documentation and Conservation (ICLDC)}, title = {Worlds of knowledge in Central Bhutan: Documentation of ’Olekha}, @@ -33259,7 +33431,7 @@ @book{bib3723 year = {2013} } -@article{bib3724, +@article{bib3743, author = {Hyslop, Gwendolyn}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {99170}, @@ -33270,28 +33442,28 @@ @article{bib3724 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib3725, +@misc{bib3744, author = {Häberl, Charles}, local_ids = {93161}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2013} } -@misc{bib3726, +@misc{bib3745, author = {Häberl, Charles G.}, local_ids = {99212}, title = {Personal communication on Northern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic}, year = {2016} } -@misc{bib3727, +@misc{bib3746, author = {Häberl, Charles G.}, local_ids = {99211}, title = {Personal communication on Urmia Northeastern Neo-Aramaic}, year = {2016} } -@incollection{bib3728, +@incollection{bib3747, author = {Häberl, Charles G.}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages}, @@ -33301,7 +33473,7 @@ @incollection{bib3728 year = {In press} } -@article{bib3729, +@article{bib3748, author = {Höltker, G.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {279-282}, @@ -33310,13 +33482,13 @@ @article{bib3729 year = {1938} } -@misc{bib3730, +@misc{bib3749, author = {Hörner, Elisabeth}, title = {Ninzam: Untersuchengen zu einer Klassensprache des zentralnigerianischen Plateau}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib3731, +@incollection{bib3750, author = {I., Kovedjaeva J.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. et al.}, booktitle = {Osnovy finno-ugorskogo jazykoznanija: Marijskij, permskie i ugorskie jazyki}, @@ -33325,7 +33497,7 @@ @incollection{bib3731 year = {1976} } -@book{bib3732, +@book{bib3751, author = {Lopez, Manuel Antonio and Iboy, Juliana Sis}, address = {La Antigua Guatemala, Guatemala}, publisher = {Proyecto Lingüístico Francisco Marroquín}, @@ -33333,14 +33505,14 @@ @book{bib3732 year = {1992} } -@book{bib3733, +@book{bib3752, author = {Ibragimov, Garun K.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Caxurskij jazyk}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib3734, +@book{bib3753, author = {Ibragimov, G. X.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -33348,13 +33520,13 @@ @book{bib3734 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib3735, +@misc{bib3754, author = {Ibrahim, Yahia Al-Rahman}, title = {Contribution to some aspects of the description of the Masalit language}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib3736, +@book{bib3755, author = {Ichikawa, Mitsuo and Kimura, Daiji}, publisher = {Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto Univ.}, series = {African study monographs: supplementary issue, #28}, @@ -33362,7 +33534,7 @@ @book{bib3736 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3737, +@book{bib3756, author = {Idiata-Mayombo, Daniel Franck and Leitch, Myles Francis and Ondo-Mébiame, Pierre and Rekanga, Jean-Paul}, pages = {169}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -33371,7 +33543,7 @@ @book{bib3737 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3738, +@book{bib3757, author = {Idiata-Mayombo, Daniel Franck}, pages = {159}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -33380,7 +33552,7 @@ @book{bib3738 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3739, +@book{bib3758, author = {Ido, Shinji}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -33392,7 +33564,7 @@ @book{bib3739 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3740, +@book{bib3759, author = {Igla, Birgit}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, series = {Osteuropa-Institut der Freien Universität Berlin, Balkanologische Veröffentlichungen}, @@ -33401,7 +33573,7 @@ @book{bib3740 year = {1989} } -@book{bib3741, +@book{bib3760, author = {Igla, Birgit}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -33411,7 +33583,7 @@ @book{bib3741 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib3742, +@misc{bib3761, author = {Ignace, Marianne}, local_ids = {24838}, title = {"Northern (Massett) Haida Toponymy and Geographic Knowledge" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -33419,7 +33591,7 @@ @misc{bib3742 year = {2006} } -@article{bib3743, +@article{bib3762, author = {Ikeda, Takumi}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, pages = {27-45}, @@ -33428,7 +33600,7 @@ @article{bib3743 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib3744, +@incollection{bib3763, author = {Ikeda, Jiro}, editor = {Kato, T. and Nakao, S. and Umesao, Tadao}, booktitle = {Physical anthropology}, @@ -33437,7 +33609,7 @@ @incollection{bib3744 year = {1977} } -@article{bib3745, +@article{bib3764, author = {Ikeda, Jiro and Sugio, Hayama}, journal = {African study monographs}, pages = {1-26}, @@ -33446,7 +33618,7 @@ @article{bib3745 year = {1982} } -@article{bib3746, +@article{bib3765, author = {Ikegami, J.}, journal = {Bulletin of the Institute for the Study of North Eurasian Cultures / Hokkaido University}, pages = {61-92}, @@ -33455,7 +33627,7 @@ @article{bib3746 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib3747, +@incollection{bib3766, author = {Ikeya, Kazunobu}, editor = {Bank, Andrew and Heese, Hans and Loff, Chris}, booktitle = {The proceedings of the Khoisan identities and cultural heritage conference, held at the South African Museum, Cape Town, 12-16 July 1997}, @@ -33464,7 +33636,7 @@ @incollection{bib3747 year = {1998} } -@article{bib3748, +@article{bib3767, author = {Ikeya, Kazunobu}, journal = {Hokkaido daigaku bungakubu kiyo}, number = {2}, @@ -33474,7 +33646,7 @@ @article{bib3748 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib3749, +@incollection{bib3768, author = {Ilgin, Ali}, address = {Tomsk}, booktitle = {Sravnitel'no - istoriceskie i tipologiceskie issledovanija jazyka i kul'tury: problemy i perspektivy}, @@ -33486,13 +33658,13 @@ @incollection{bib3749 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3750, +@misc{bib3769, author = {Im, Youn-Shim}, title = {Draft Survey Report on the Tebi Language of Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib3751, +@book{bib3770, author = {India, Research Department North East Frontier Agency}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Philology Section, Research Dept., N.E.F. Agency}, @@ -33500,7 +33672,7 @@ @book{bib3751 year = {1963} } -@article{bib3752, +@article{bib3771, author = {of the West Indies, The University}, howpublished = {online}, institution = {The Jamaican Language Unit}, @@ -33513,7 +33685,7 @@ @article{bib3752 year = {2013} } -@phdthesis{bib3753, +@phdthesis{bib3772, author = {Indjieva, Elena}, local_ids = {99102}, school = {University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa}, @@ -33521,7 +33693,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3753 year = {2009} } -@book{bib3754, +@book{bib3773, author = {Sebeok, Thomas A. and Ingemann, Francis J.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Indian University Publications: Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -33530,14 +33702,14 @@ @book{bib3754 year = {1961} } -@book{bib3755, +@book{bib3774, author = {Ingham, Bruce}, publisher = {Curzon}, title = {English-Lakota Dictionary}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib3756, +@article{bib3775, author = {Inglis, Douglas}, journal = {Studies in Language}, local_ids = {99660}, @@ -33551,7 +33723,7 @@ @article{bib3756 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib3757, +@incollection{bib3776, author = {Innes, G.}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, address = {Paris}, @@ -33563,7 +33735,7 @@ @incollection{bib3757 year = {1981} } -@article{bib3758, +@article{bib3777, author = {Institut, Burjat-Mongol'skij Gosudarstvennyj Nauchno-Issledovatel'skij}, journal = {Gosudarstvennoe Izdat}, title = {Russko-Burjat-Mongol'skij slovar'}, @@ -33571,7 +33743,7 @@ @article{bib3758 year = {1954} } -@article{bib3759, +@article{bib3778, author = {Institut, Karacaevo-Cerkesskij Naucno-Issledovatel'skij}, journal = {Gosudarstvennoe Izdat}, title = {Russko-nogajskij slovar'}, @@ -33579,7 +33751,7 @@ @article{bib3759 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib3760, +@misc{bib3779, author = {Institute, Tsuut'ina Gunaha}, local_ids = {98043}, title = {Tsuut'ina}, @@ -33587,7 +33759,7 @@ @misc{bib3760 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib3761, +@misc{bib3780, author = {King, Alan R. and Ward, Monica and the IRIN Institution}, howpublished = {online}, institution = {Iniciativa para la Recuperación del Idioma Náhuat (IRIN) Internacional}, @@ -33598,7 +33770,7 @@ @misc{bib3761 year = {2004} } -@book{bib3762, +@book{bib3781, author = {Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática INEGI}, address = {Aguascalientes}, local_ids = {92801}, @@ -33607,7 +33779,7 @@ @book{bib3762 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3763, +@incollection{bib3782, author = {Ioxel'son, V. I.}, address = {Moskva}, booktitle = {Jazyki i Pismennost' Paleoaziatskix Narodov Jazyki i Pismennost' Narodov Severa}, @@ -33618,7 +33790,7 @@ @incollection{bib3763 year = {1934} } -@incollection{bib3764, +@incollection{bib3783, author = {Isaksson, Bo}, editor = {Csató, Éva Ágnes and Isaksson, Bo and Jahani, Carina}, booktitle = {Linguistic convergence and areal diffusion: case studies from Iranian, Semitic, and Turkic}, @@ -33627,7 +33799,7 @@ @incollection{bib3764 year = {2004} } -@article{bib3765, +@article{bib3784, author = {Isara, Choosri}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {55-70}, @@ -33636,7 +33808,7 @@ @article{bib3765 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3766, +@book{bib3785, author = {Israel, M.}, publisher = {Dravidian Linguistics Association}, series = {Dravidian Linguistics Association Publication}, @@ -33645,20 +33817,20 @@ @book{bib3766 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib3767, +@misc{bib3786, author = {Issae, W.A.}, title = {Tenses in Gweno}, year = {1975?} } -@book{bib3768, +@book{bib3787, author = {Isxakov, F. G. and Pal'mbach, A. A.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo vostochnoj literatury}, title = {Grammatika tuvinskogo jazyka: Fonetika i Morfologia}, year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib3769, +@incollection{bib3788, author = {Itkine, I.B. and Soumbatova, N.R.}, editor = {Vassiliev, A.}, booktitle = {... = Afrique: problèmes du passage à la société civile (actes du VI colloque des africanistes russes, tenu à Moscou 16-18 novembre 1994)}, @@ -33667,7 +33839,7 @@ @incollection{bib3769 year = {1994} } -@book{bib3770, +@book{bib3789, author = {Itkonen, Erkki}, publisher = {Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura}, series = {Hilfsmittel für das Studium der Finnisch-Ugrischen Sprachen}, @@ -33676,7 +33848,7 @@ @book{bib3770 year = {1969} } -@article{bib3771, +@article{bib3790, author = {Itkonen, Erkki}, journal = {Acta Linguistica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae}, pages = {21-34}, @@ -33685,7 +33857,7 @@ @article{bib3771 year = {1955} } -@article{bib3772, +@article{bib3791, author = {Ittmann, Johannes}, journal = {Zeits. für Eingeborenen-Sprachen}, pages = {81-108}, @@ -33694,7 +33866,7 @@ @article{bib3772 year = {1926/27} } -@book{bib3773, +@book{bib3792, author = {Ivanoff, Jacques}, address = {Bangkok, Thailand}, publisher = {White Lotus Press}, @@ -33702,7 +33874,7 @@ @book{bib3773 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3774, +@book{bib3793, author = {Ivanoff, Jacques}, address = {Bangkok, Thailand}, publisher = {White Lotus Press}, @@ -33710,7 +33882,7 @@ @book{bib3774 year = {1997} } -@article{bib3775, +@article{bib3794, author = {Ivens, W. G.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -33720,7 +33892,7 @@ @article{bib3775 year = {1934} } -@article{bib3776, +@article{bib3795, author = {Ivens, W. G.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -33730,7 +33902,7 @@ @article{bib3776 year = {1929} } -@article{bib3777, +@article{bib3796, author = {Ivens, W. G.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -33740,7 +33912,7 @@ @article{bib3777 year = {1927} } -@article{bib3778, +@article{bib3797, author = {Iwasaki, Shoichi}, journal = {Studies in Language}, number = {3}, @@ -33750,14 +33922,14 @@ @article{bib3778 year = {2015} } -@book{bib3779, +@book{bib3798, author = {Ixcoy, Candelaria Dominga López}, publisher = {Iximuleew, Guatemala}, title = {Ri Ukemiik Ra K'ichee' Chii': Gramática K'ichee'}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib3780, +@article{bib3799, author = {Iyalla-Amadi, Priye E.}, journal = {The Journal of Pan African Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -33767,7 +33939,7 @@ @article{bib3780 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib3781, +@incollection{bib3800, author = {Izuyama, Atsuko}, editor = {Tranter, Nicolas}, booktitle = {The Languages of Japan and Korea}, @@ -33776,7 +33948,7 @@ @incollection{bib3781 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib3782, +@incollection{bib3801, author = {Jackson, Walter S.}, editor = {Grimes, Joseph E.}, booktitle = {Languages of the Guianas Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -33787,14 +33959,14 @@ @incollection{bib3782 year = {1972} } -@book{bib3783, +@book{bib3802, author = {Jackson, Frederick H. and Marck, Jeffrey C.}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Carolinian-English Dictionary}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3784, +@article{bib3803, author = {Jackson, C.H.N.}, journal = {Transactions of the Royal Entomological Soc. of London}, pages = {547-552}, @@ -33803,7 +33975,7 @@ @article{bib3784 year = {1936} } -@incollection{bib3785, +@incollection{bib3804, author = {Jackson, Jason Baird}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -33815,7 +33987,7 @@ @incollection{bib3785 year = {2004} } -@article{bib3786, +@article{bib3805, author = {Jacobs, Melville}, journal = {University of Washington Publications in Anthropology}, number = {2}, @@ -33825,7 +33997,7 @@ @article{bib3786 year = {1931} } -@incollection{bib3787, +@incollection{bib3806, author = {Jacobs, Peter}, editor = {Guentchéva, Zlatka}, booktitle = {L'Enonciation médiatisée}, @@ -33834,13 +34006,13 @@ @incollection{bib3787 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib3788, +@misc{bib3807, author = {Jacobsen and Jr. and H., William}, title = {A Grammar of the Washo Language}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib3789, +@book{bib3808, author = {Jacobsen and Jr. and W.}, address = {Carson City}, publisher = {Nevada State Museum}, @@ -33850,21 +34022,21 @@ @book{bib3789 year = {1996} } -@book{bib3790, +@book{bib3809, author = {Jacobsen, William H.}, publisher = {Makah Cultural and Research Center}, title = {First Lessons in Makah}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib3791, +@book{bib3810, author = {Jacobsen, William H.}, publisher = {Makah Cultural and Research Center}, title = {First lessons in Makah. Makah Language Program}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib3792, +@incollection{bib3811, author = {Jacobsen, William H.}, editor = {Chafe, Wallace and Nichols, Johanna}, booktitle = {Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology}, @@ -33873,7 +34045,7 @@ @incollection{bib3792 year = {1986} } -@book{bib3793, +@book{bib3812, author = {Jacobsohn, Margaret and Pickford, Peter and Pickford, Beverly}, pages = {144}, publisher = {Cornelis Struik Publ.}, @@ -33881,13 +34053,13 @@ @book{bib3793 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib3794, +@misc{bib3813, author = {Jacobsohn, Margaret}, title = {Himba space in Kaokoland}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib3795, +@book{bib3814, author = {Jacobson, R.}, series = {Aleutian Manuscript Collection. New York Public Library Bulletin}, title = {A note on Aleut speech sounds}, @@ -33895,7 +34067,7 @@ @book{bib3795 year = {1944} } -@book{bib3796, +@book{bib3815, author = {Jacobson, Steven A.}, address = {Fairbanks}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska}, @@ -33903,14 +34075,14 @@ @book{bib3796 year = {1995} } -@book{bib3797, +@book{bib3816, author = {Jacobson, Steven A.}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {A Practical Grammar of the St. Lawrence Islands Siberian Yupik Eskimo Language}, year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib3798, +@incollection{bib3817, author = {Jacobson, Steven A.}, editor = {Krauss, M.}, booktitle = {Yupik Eskimo Prosodic Systems: Descriptive and Comparative Studies}, @@ -33919,7 +34091,7 @@ @incollection{bib3798 year = {1985} } -@article{bib3799, +@article{bib3818, author = {Jacobson, Steven A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -33929,14 +34101,14 @@ @article{bib3799 year = {1984} } -@book{bib3800, +@book{bib3819, author = {Jacobson, Steven A.}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Yup'ik Eskimo Dictionary}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib3801, +@book{bib3820, author = {Jacottet, Edouard}, pages = {xxxvii, 134}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -33944,7 +34116,7 @@ @book{bib3801 year = {1896} } -@book{bib3802, +@book{bib3821, author = {Jacottet, Edouard}, pages = {x, 182}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -33952,7 +34124,7 @@ @book{bib3802 year = {1901} } -@book{bib3803, +@book{bib3822, author = {Jacottet, E.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, @@ -33961,7 +34133,7 @@ @book{bib3803 year = {1896} } -@book{bib3804, +@book{bib3823, author = {Jacques, Guillaume}, editor = {Dickson, Billy and Haspelmath, Martin}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -33975,7 +34147,7 @@ @book{bib3804 year = {2021} } -@article{bib3805, +@article{bib3824, author = {Jacques, Guillaume}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {1518-38}, @@ -33984,7 +34156,7 @@ @article{bib3805 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3806, +@incollection{bib3825, author = {Jacques, Guillaume}, editor = {Sun, Jackson T.-S.}, booktitle = {Phonological profiles of little-studied Tibetic varieties}, @@ -33993,7 +34165,7 @@ @incollection{bib3806 year = {2014} } -@article{bib3807, +@article{bib3826, author = {Jacques, Guillaume}, journal = {Language and Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -34003,7 +34175,7 @@ @article{bib3807 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3808, +@book{bib3827, author = {Jacquesson, François}, publisher = {Peeters}, series = {Collection linguistique}, @@ -34012,7 +34184,7 @@ @book{bib3808 year = {2005} } -@article{bib3809, +@article{bib3828, author = {Jacquot, A.}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut d'Études Centrafricaines}, pages = {35-42}, @@ -34021,7 +34193,7 @@ @article{bib3809 year = {1959} } -@book{bib3810, +@book{bib3829, author = {Jacquot, André}, pages = {360}, publisher = {Travaux et documents de l’ORSTOM (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d’Outre-Mer), #157}, @@ -34029,19 +34201,19 @@ @book{bib3810 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib3811, +@misc{bib3830, author = {Jaffar, Ahmend Ben Saïd}, title = {Le shindzuwani, parler bantou de l’Île d’Anjouan, Comores: éléments de description du système accentual}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib3812, +@misc{bib3831, author = {Jaffar, Ahmend Ben Saïd}, title = {Le shindzuwani, parler bantou de l’Île d’Anjouan, Comores: éléments de phonologie et relevé lexical}, year = {1991} } -@article{bib3813, +@article{bib3832, author = {Jaggar, Philip J.}, address = {London}, journal = {African Languages and Cultures}, @@ -34056,7 +34228,7 @@ @article{bib3813 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3814, +@article{bib3833, author = {Jahn, A.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {267-283}, @@ -34065,14 +34237,14 @@ @article{bib3814 year = {1914} } -@book{bib3815, +@book{bib3834, author = {Jaken, Dajao and Thomas, David}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Chrau Conversation Lessons}, year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib3816, +@incollection{bib3835, author = {Rottland, Franz and Jakobi, Angelika}, editor = {Mendel, Daniela and Claudi, Ulrike}, booktitle = {Ägypten im Afro-orientalischen Kontext. Aufsätze zur Archäologie, Geschichte und Sprache eines unbegrenzten Raumes: Gedenkschrift Peter Behrens}, @@ -34085,7 +34257,7 @@ @incollection{bib3816 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib3817, +@incollection{bib3836, author = {Comfort, Jade and Jakobi, Angelika}, editor = {Kramer, Raija and Tröbs, Holger and Kastenholz, Raimund}, address = {Köln}, @@ -34097,7 +34269,7 @@ @incollection{bib3817 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3818, +@book{bib3837, author = {Jakway, Martha A. and Antunce S., Alejandro Paati and Wipio D., Gerardo}, pages = {296}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -34108,7 +34280,7 @@ @book{bib3818 year = {1996} } -@book{bib3819, +@book{bib3838, author = {Jakway, Martha}, pages = {226}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -34119,7 +34291,7 @@ @book{bib3819 year = {1987} } -@article{bib3820, +@article{bib3839, author = {James, Wendy R.}, journal = {Anthropology today}, number = {2}, @@ -34129,7 +34301,7 @@ @article{bib3820 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3821, +@incollection{bib3840, author = {Bowern, Claire and James, Bentley}, booktitle = {Re-Awakening Languages}, chapter = {30}, @@ -34140,7 +34312,7 @@ @incollection{bib3821 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib3822, +@incollection{bib3841, author = {Woodward, James and Bradford, Anastasia and Chea, Sokchea and and Heang, Samath}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -34154,7 +34326,7 @@ @incollection{bib3822 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib3823, +@incollection{bib3842, author = {Jamieson, Allan R.}, editor = {Merrifield, W. R.}, booktitle = {Studies in Otomanguean Phonology}, @@ -34163,7 +34335,7 @@ @incollection{bib3823 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3824, +@incollection{bib3843, author = {Jamieson, Allan R.}, editor = {Merrifield, W. R.}, booktitle = {Studies in Otomanguean Phonology}, @@ -34172,7 +34344,7 @@ @incollection{bib3824 year = {1976} } -@book{bib3825, +@book{bib3844, author = {Jamieson, Carole}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, series = {Gramáticas de Lenguas Indıgenas de México}, @@ -34181,7 +34353,7 @@ @book{bib3825 year = {1988} } -@book{bib3826, +@book{bib3845, author = {Jamieson, Allan R. and Tejeda, Ernesto}, pages = {151}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social}, @@ -34191,14 +34363,14 @@ @book{bib3826 year = {1978} } -@book{bib3827, +@book{bib3846, author = {Janas, Petr}, publisher = {Domowina}, title = {Niedersorbische Grammatik}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib3828, +@incollection{bib3847, author = {Levinsohn, S. and Janasoy, F. Tandioy}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -34207,7 +34379,7 @@ @incollection{bib3828 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib3829, +@misc{bib3848, author = {Swenson, Janel and Eichentopf, Stephanie and and Mitchell, Jessica}, institution = {SIL International & Linguistic Survey of Nepal, SIL Nepal & Tribhuvan University}, local_ids = {99082}, @@ -34216,14 +34388,14 @@ @misc{bib3829 year = {2015} } -@book{bib3830, +@book{bib3849, author = {Jang, Taeho 張泰鎬}, publisher = {雲南民族出版社 The Nationalities Publishing House of Yunnan}, title = {錫伯語語法研究 Sibe grammar}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib3831, +@incollection{bib3850, author = {Janhunen, Juha}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -34234,7 +34406,7 @@ @incollection{bib3831 year = {2003} } -@book{bib3832, +@book{bib3851, author = {Janhunen, Juha}, address = {Helsinki}, publisher = {Castrenianum}, @@ -34244,7 +34416,7 @@ @book{bib3832 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib3833, +@misc{bib3852, author = {Janhunen, Juha}, local_ids = {98641}, month = {March}, @@ -34252,7 +34424,7 @@ @misc{bib3833 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib3834, +@misc{bib3853, author = {Janhunen, Juha}, local_ids = {98638}, month = {March}, @@ -34260,7 +34432,7 @@ @misc{bib3834 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib3835, +@misc{bib3854, author = {Janhunen, Juha}, local_ids = {98640}, month = {March}, @@ -34268,7 +34440,7 @@ @misc{bib3835 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib3836, +@misc{bib3855, author = {Janse, Mark}, local_ids = {24586}, title = {"Documentation and Description of Cappadocian (Asia Minor Greek)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -34276,7 +34448,7 @@ @misc{bib3836 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib3837, +@incollection{bib3856, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Janson, Tore}, address = {Gaborone}, booktitle = {Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa}, @@ -34289,14 +34461,14 @@ @incollection{bib3837 year = {1997} } -@book{bib3838, +@book{bib3857, author = {Andersson, Lars-Gunnar and Janson, Tore}, publisher = {Longman Botswana}, title = {Languages in Botswana: Language Ecology in Southern Africa}, year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3839, +@incollection{bib3858, author = {Janson, Tore}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, booktitle = {Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft, #40}, @@ -34306,7 +34478,7 @@ @incollection{bib3839 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib3840, +@incollection{bib3859, author = {Janson, Tore}, editor = {Traill, Anthony and Vossen, Rainer and Biesele, Megan}, booktitle = {The complete linguist: papers in memory of Patrick J. Dickens Afrikanische Sprachen und Kulturen}, @@ -34316,7 +34488,7 @@ @incollection{bib3840 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib3841, +@incollection{bib3860, author = {Jaroslava Obrtelova, Raihon Sohibnazarbekova}, editor = {Gholami, Saloumeh}, booktitle = {Endangered Iranian Languages}, @@ -34328,7 +34500,7 @@ @incollection{bib3841 year = {2018} } -@article{bib3842, +@article{bib3861, author = {Jarosz, Aleksandra}, journal = {JournaLIPP}, local_ids = {98723}, @@ -34339,7 +34511,7 @@ @article{bib3842 year = {2014} } -@book{bib3843, +@book{bib3862, author = {Jastrow, Otto}, address = {Wiesbaden}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -34352,7 +34524,7 @@ @book{bib3843 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3844, +@article{bib3863, author = {Jastrow, Otto}, address = {Wiesbaden}, journal = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -34363,7 +34535,7 @@ @article{bib3844 year = {1994} } -@book{bib3845, +@book{bib3864, author = {Jastrow, Otto}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -34373,7 +34545,7 @@ @book{bib3845 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib3846, +@incollection{bib3865, author = {Jastrow, Otto}, editor = {Hetzron, Robert}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -34384,7 +34556,7 @@ @incollection{bib3846 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib3847, +@incollection{bib3866, author = {Jastrow, Otto}, editor = {Weninger, Stefan}, booktitle = {Semitic Languages: An International Handbook}, @@ -34396,7 +34568,7 @@ @incollection{bib3847 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib3848, +@incollection{bib3867, author = {Jauncey, Dorothy}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -34407,7 +34579,7 @@ @incollection{bib3848 year = {2002} } -@book{bib3849, +@book{bib3868, author = {Jauncey, D.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -34417,7 +34589,7 @@ @book{bib3849 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3850, +@book{bib3869, author = {Lebeuf, Jean-Paul and Immo Kirsch, Johannes Hermann}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations}, @@ -34427,13 +34599,13 @@ @book{bib3850 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib3851, +@misc{bib3870, author = {Jeanne, L. M.}, title = {Aspects of Hopi Grammar}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib3852, +@article{bib3871, author = {Jeffreys, Merwyn David Waldegrave}, journal = {African studies}, number = {4}, @@ -34443,7 +34615,7 @@ @article{bib3852 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib3853, +@incollection{bib3872, author = {Jelinek, Eloise}, editor = {Butt, Miriam and Geuder, Wilhelm}, booktitle = {The Projection of Arguments: Lexical and Compositional Factors}, @@ -34452,14 +34624,14 @@ @incollection{bib3853 year = {1998} } -@book{bib3854, +@book{bib3873, author = {Jellicoe, Marguerite}, publisher = {East African Publ. House}, title = {The long path: a case study of social change in Wahi, Singida District, Tanzania}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib3855, +@article{bib3874, author = {Jelliffe, D.B. and Woodburn, James C. and Bennett, F.J. and Jelliffe, E.F.P.}, journal = {Journal of pediatrics}, pages = {907-913}, @@ -34469,7 +34641,7 @@ @article{bib3855 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib3856, +@incollection{bib3875, author = {Jen-Kuei Li, Paul}, editor = {Adelaar, K. Alexander and Pawley, Andrew}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -34481,7 +34653,7 @@ @incollection{bib3856 year = {2009} } -@book{bib3857, +@book{bib3876, author = {Jendraschek, Gerd}, institution = {Fakultät für Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaften}, local_ids = {98998}, @@ -34492,13 +34664,13 @@ @book{bib3857 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib3858, +@misc{bib3877, author = {Jenewari, Charles E.W.}, title = {A linguistic guide to spoken Kalabari}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib3859, +@incollection{bib3878, author = {Jenewari, Charles E. W.}, editor = {Dirhoff, Ivan R.}, booktitle = {Current Approaches to African Linguistics 1 Publications in African Languages and Linguistics}, @@ -34510,7 +34682,7 @@ @incollection{bib3859 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib3860, +@incollection{bib3879, author = {Jenewari, Charles E.W.}, editor = {Banjo, Ayo}, booktitle = {Orthographies of Nigerian languages}, @@ -34519,13 +34691,13 @@ @incollection{bib3860 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib3861, +@misc{bib3880, author = {Jenewari, Charles E.W.}, title = {Studies in Kalabari syntax}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib3862, +@article{bib3881, author = {Jenewari, Charles E.W.}, journal = {Journal of Niger Delta studies}, number = {1}, @@ -34535,7 +34707,7 @@ @article{bib3862 year = {1976} } -@article{bib3863, +@article{bib3882, author = {Jenewari, Charles E.W.}, journal = {Research notes from the Dept. of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, Univ. of Ibadan}, pages = {59-78}, @@ -34544,7 +34716,7 @@ @article{bib3863 year = {1973} } -@article{bib3864, +@article{bib3883, author = {Jenison, Priscilla B. and Jenison, D. Scott}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {69-90}, @@ -34553,7 +34725,7 @@ @article{bib3864 year = {1991} } -@article{bib3865, +@article{bib3884, author = {Jenkins, Trefor and Speirs, J. and Dunn, David S. and Nurse, George Trevor}, journal = {Annals of human biology}, number = {2}, @@ -34563,7 +34735,7 @@ @article{bib3865 year = {1987} } -@article{bib3866, +@article{bib3885, author = {Jenks, Peter and Rose, Sharon}, journal = {Natural language and linguistic theory}, number = {1}, @@ -34573,14 +34745,23 @@ @article{bib3866 year = {2011} } -@book{bib3867, +@book{bib3886, author = {Jenner, Henry}, publisher = {D. Nutt}, title = {A Handbook of the Cornish Language}, year = {1904} } -@incollection{bib3868, +@incollection{bib3887, + author = {Jennings, Francis}, + editor = {Trigger, Bruce G.}, + booktitle = {Handbook of North American Indians: Northeast}, + pages = {362-367}, + title = {Susquehannock}, + year = {1978} +} + +@incollection{bib3888, author = {Jensen, Cheryl}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -34589,7 +34770,7 @@ @incollection{bib3868 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib3869, +@incollection{bib3889, author = {Jensen, Adolf}, editor = {Jensen, Adolf}, booktitle = {Altvölker Süd-Äthiopiens Völker Süd-Äthiopiens: Ergebnisse der Frobenius-Expeditionen 1950-52 und 1954-56, #1}, @@ -34599,7 +34780,7 @@ @incollection{bib3869 year = {1959} } -@book{bib3870, +@book{bib3890, author = {Jensen, Cheryl Joyce S.}, address = {Campinas, Brasil}, pages = {193}, @@ -34608,7 +34789,7 @@ @book{bib3870 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib3871, +@incollection{bib3891, author = {Jensen, Allen A.}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation Benjamins}, pages = {343-364}, @@ -34616,7 +34797,7 @@ @incollection{bib3871 year = {1994} } -@article{bib3872, +@article{bib3892, author = {Jette, J.}, journal = {Man}, pages = {51-56, 72-74, 21-25}, @@ -34625,7 +34806,7 @@ @article{bib3872 year = {1907, 1908, 1909} } -@book{bib3873, +@book{bib3893, author = {Jeyapaul, V. Y.}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, series = {CIIL Grammar Series}, @@ -34634,7 +34815,7 @@ @book{bib3873 year = {1987} } -@article{bib3874, +@article{bib3894, author = {Jiang, Ying 蔣穎}, journal = {漢藏語學報}, pages = {54-90}, @@ -34643,28 +34824,28 @@ @article{bib3874 year = {2013} } -@book{bib3875, +@book{bib3895, author = {Jiang, Guangyou 蔣光友}, publisher = {China Social Sciences Press 中國社會科學出版社}, title = {基諾語參考語法 A reference grammar of Jinuo}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib3876, +@book{bib3896, author = {Jiang, Di 江荻}, publisher = {The Nationalities Press}, title = {義都語研究 [On Yidu language]}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib3877, +@book{bib3897, author = {江荻, Jiang Di and 李大勤, Li Daqin and and 孫宏開, Sun Hongkai}, publisher = {Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {A study of Taraon [達讓語研究]}, year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib3878, +@incollection{bib3898, author = {Lin, Shi and Jianxin, Cui}, editor = {Edmondson, J. A. and Solnit, D. B.}, booktitle = {Comparative Kadai: Linguistic Studies Beyond Tai Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -34675,7 +34856,7 @@ @incollection{bib3878 year = {1988} } -@article{bib3879, +@article{bib3899, author = {Jimenez Seminario, Augusto}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {83-93}, @@ -34684,7 +34865,7 @@ @article{bib3879 year = {1924} } -@incollection{bib3880, +@incollection{bib3900, author = {Li, Jinfang and Luo, Yongxian}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, booktitle = {The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages}, @@ -34693,7 +34874,7 @@ @incollection{bib3880 year = {2015} } -@book{bib3881, +@book{bib3901, author = {Jochelson, Waldemar}, pages = {96-104}, publisher = {XVIIIth Session London: Harrison & Sons}, @@ -34701,13 +34882,13 @@ @book{bib3881 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib3882, +@misc{bib3902, author = {Joel, Dina Judith}, title = {Paipai phonology and morphology}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib3883, +@book{bib3903, author = {Johansen, Bruce E.}, address = {Westport}, local_ids = {98826}, @@ -34718,7 +34899,7 @@ @book{bib3883 year = {2007} } -@book{bib3884, +@book{bib3904, author = {John, Matthews}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8818}, @@ -34729,13 +34910,13 @@ @book{bib3884 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib3885, +@misc{bib3905, author = {Johnson, Heidi Anna}, title = {A Grammar of San Miguel Chimalapa Zoque}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib3886, +@book{bib3906, author = {Johnson, Jean B.}, publisher = {Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia}, series = {Departamento de Investigaciones Antropologicas, Publicaciones}, @@ -34744,7 +34925,7 @@ @book{bib3886 year = {1962} } -@book{bib3887, +@book{bib3907, author = {Johnson, Eric}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, howpublished = {Electronic Report}, @@ -34755,7 +34936,7 @@ @book{bib3887 year = {2005} } -@book{bib3888, +@book{bib3908, author = {Johnson, Allen}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -34763,14 +34944,14 @@ @book{bib3888 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib3889, +@misc{bib3909, author = {Johnson, Eric C.}, title = {ISO 639-3 Language Code Request For Akeu}, url = {http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/cr_files/2007-015_aeu.pdf}, year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib3890, +@incollection{bib3910, author = {Smith, Iam and Johnson, Steve}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -34783,7 +34964,7 @@ @incollection{bib3890 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib3891, +@incollection{bib3911, author = {Johnson, Patti J.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -34794,7 +34975,7 @@ @incollection{bib3891 year = {1978} } -@phdthesis{bib3892, +@phdthesis{bib3912, author = {Johnson, Kay}, local_ids = {98226}, school = {SOAS, University of London}, @@ -34802,7 +34983,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib3892 year = {2014} } -@article{bib3893, +@article{bib3913, author = {Johnson, Kirk}, journal = {New York Times}, local_ids = {91200}, @@ -34811,7 +34992,7 @@ @article{bib3893 year = {2012} } -@book{bib3894, +@book{bib3914, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {xi, 819, map; xii, 544}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, @@ -34819,7 +35000,7 @@ @book{bib3894 year = {1919/22} } -@article{bib3895, +@article{bib3915, author = {Johnston, H. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {375-421}, @@ -34828,7 +35009,7 @@ @article{bib3895 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib3896, +@misc{bib3916, author = {Johnston, Trevor}, local_ids = {89520}, school = {Macquarie University}, @@ -34837,210 +35018,210 @@ @misc{bib3896 year = {2009} } -@book{bib3897, +@book{bib3917, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group A (Nyanza), language 7: Kiguzii (Igizii, Kisiñgiri) or Kisuba (Kosova)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3898, +@book{bib3918, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group C (British East Africa), language 11: Kikuyu dialects, incl. Kiambu, Nyeri (North-West Kikuyu), Ndia (South-West Kikuyu), Embu (Cuka, Mwimbe, Emberre, Theraka, Igoji, East and South-East Kikuyu), Meru (North-East Kikuyu)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3899, +@book{bib3919, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group C (British East Africa), language 14: Taita (Kidabida, Kisagala)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3900, +@book{bib3920, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group D (Kilimanjaro), language 18: Pare-Gweno}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3901, +@book{bib3921, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group E (Usambara), language 20b: Kidoe}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3902, +@book{bib3922, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group FF (Elila-Lowa-Lualaba), language 142: Mbañgobañgo (or North-West Kilega), perhaps the ‘Kilega’ of German writers}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3903, +@book{bib3923, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group FF (Elila-Lowa-Lualaba), language 144: North-East Kilega, Griffiths’s ‘Regga’, ‘Balega’ of Belgian and German travellers}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3904, +@book{bib3924, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group G (Usagara-Ugogo), language 23a: Kami}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3905, +@book{bib3925, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group G (Usagara-Ugogo), language 23: Dzalamo}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3906, +@book{bib3926, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group G (Usagara-Ugogo), language 24f: Ndunda (Southern Sagara)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3907, +@book{bib3927, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group II (Ababua or Wele-Aruwimi), language 151b: Bañgbinda}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3908, +@book{bib3928, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group KK (North-Central Coñgoland), language 165: Sañga dialects of Lower Sañga, incl. Babiñga (Yadiñga), Bambû, Basinde, Basañga, Bamponde (Banpondo, Bampondo), Boñga, Mboshi, Bantomi}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3909, +@book{bib3929, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group L (Tañganyika-Bañgweulu), language 40: Guha}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3910, +@book{bib3930, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group L (Tañganyika-Bañgweulu), language 45: Fipa and Kipimbwe}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3911, +@book{bib3931, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group MM (Central Ogowe), language 183: Western Kota (Bakota, Okota, etc.), Moshebo, Oshebo, Yalimboñgo}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3912, +@book{bib3932, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group MM (Central Ogowe), language 185: Kota or Eastern Bakota (Cake, Lishake), Koelle’s ‘Undaza’, Avelot’s ‘Ndassa’}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3913, +@book{bib3933, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group MM (Central Ogowe), language 187: Okande-Ishogo (Pinji, Ivea, Shibe and other Lower Ogowe dialects), incl. Micogo, Bafubi or Bopovi, Aduañgi}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3914, +@book{bib3934, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group MM (Central Ogowe), language 188: Baboñgo (Akwa, Waka)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3915, +@book{bib3935, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group M (North-West Nyasa), language 49: Ishinyixa (Ishiwanda, Ishiwiwa)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3916, +@book{bib3936, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group OO (Spanish Guinea-West Cameroons), language 194: Sheke-Bulu (Shekiani), Seke, Koelle’s ‘Baseke’}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3917, +@book{bib3937, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group OO (Spanish Guinea-West Cameroons), language 205: Isubu (Bimbia)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3918, +@book{bib3938, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group OO (Spanish Guinea-West Cameroons), language 210: Barombi-Mboñge}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3919, +@book{bib3939, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group OO (Spanish Guinea-West Cameroons), language 212: Abo or Abô}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3920, +@book{bib3940, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group SS (Kadei-Sañga-Lobai), language 224: Bayañga or Bayaka (of Niumba), Pygmies’ dialects of Upper Sañga and Lobai}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3921, +@book{bib3941, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group T (Zulu-Kafir), language 75: Cosa (‘Kafir’ dialects), incl. Feñgu, Baca, Pondo, and the woman’s speech Hlonipha}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3922, +@book{bib3942, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group U (West-Central Zambezia), language 80: Subia (Shubia, Shubea)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3923, +@book{bib3943, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group V (West Zambezia), language 81: Yeye (Makoba, Bakhoba)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3924, +@book{bib3944, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group V (West Zambezia), language 83b: Sikoma}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3925, +@book{bib3945, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Bantu group X (South-West Africa), language 89: Ociherero, ‘Damara’, incl. Ocicimba (North-East Herero), Ocikaoko (North-West Herero)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3926, +@book{bib3946, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {xix, 544}, publisher = {Methuen & Co.}, @@ -35048,7 +35229,7 @@ @book{bib3926 year = {1899} } -@book{bib3927, +@book{bib3947, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {xix, 544}, publisher = {Methuen & Co.}, @@ -35056,7 +35237,7 @@ @book{bib3927 year = {1897} } -@misc{bib3928, +@misc{bib3948, author = {Johnston, Trevor}, local_ids = {24855}, title = {"Corpus of grammar and discourse strategies of deaf native users of Auslan (Australian Sign Language)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -35064,84 +35245,84 @@ @misc{bib3928 year = {2004} } -@book{bib3929, +@book{bib3949, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu group A. Cameroons-Cross River, languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group A (Cameroons-Cross River), language 243: Uyañga}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3930, +@book{bib3950, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu group A. Cameroons-Cross River, languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group A (Cameroons-Cross River), language 244a: Ôkôyoñ or Ôkônyoñ}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3931, +@book{bib3951, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu group A. Cameroons-Cross River, languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group A (Cameroons-Cross River), language 244: Kôrôp or Ododôp}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3932, +@book{bib3952, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and Semi-Bantu group A. Cameroons-Cross River, languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group A (Cameroons-Cross River), language 246: Uwet}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3933, +@book{bib3953, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group H (Central Nigeria, Kaduna Basin), language 254: Gurmana}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3934, +@book{bib3954, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group I (Togoland), language 258: Santrokofi or Balé}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3935, +@book{bib3955, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group K (North-West Sierra Leone), language 265: Landoma (Landuma)}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3936, +@book{bib3956, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group L (Nalu), language 266: Nalu}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3937, +@book{bib3957, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group M (North Guinea), language 267: Biafada}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3938, +@book{bib3958, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group M (North Guinea), language 268: Pajade}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3939, +@book{bib3959, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {In A comparative study of the Bantu and semi-Bantu languages Clarendon Press}, title = {Semi-Bantu group N (Upper Gambia), language 274: Kônyâgi}, year = {1919/22} } -@book{bib3940, +@book{bib3960, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {478-534}, publisher = {a record of scientific exploration in eastern equatorial Africa, and a general description of the natural history, languages, and commerce of the Kilima-Njaro District Kegan Paul & Trench}, @@ -35149,7 +35330,7 @@ @book{bib3940 year = {1885} } -@book{bib3941, +@book{bib3961, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {xv, 572}, publisher = {Kegan Paul & Trench}, @@ -35157,7 +35338,7 @@ @book{bib3941 year = {1885} } -@book{bib3942, +@book{bib3962, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, pages = {1018}, publisher = {Hutchinson & Co.}, @@ -35165,21 +35346,21 @@ @book{bib3942 year = {1902} } -@book{bib3943, +@book{bib3963, author = {Johnston, Harry Hamilton}, publisher = {Hutchinson & Co.}, title = {The Uganda Protectorate}, year = {1904} } -@book{bib3944, +@book{bib3964, author = {Johnstone, T. R.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Harsusi Lexicon and English-Harsusi Word-List}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib3945, +@article{bib3965, author = {Johnstone, T. M.}, journal = {Afroasiatic Linguistics}, pages = {93-121}, @@ -35188,7 +35369,7 @@ @article{bib3945 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib3946, +@incollection{bib3966, author = {Joiris, Daou V.}, editor = {Kent, Susan}, booktitle = {Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: an African perspective}, @@ -35197,7 +35378,7 @@ @incollection{bib3946 year = {1996} } -@article{bib3947, +@article{bib3967, author = {Joiris, Daou V.}, journal = {African study monographs}, number = {2}, @@ -35207,7 +35388,7 @@ @article{bib3947 year = {1994} } -@book{bib3948, +@book{bib3968, author = {Joki, Aulis J.}, address = {Helsinki}, publisher = {Suomalais-ugrilainen seura}, @@ -35217,7 +35398,7 @@ @book{bib3948 year = {1944} } -@misc{bib3949, +@misc{bib3969, author = {Jones, Hywel M.}, institution = {Welsh Language Board}, local_ids = {98244}, @@ -35226,7 +35407,7 @@ @misc{bib3949 year = {2011} } -@article{bib3950, +@article{bib3970, author = {Jones, Alex I.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -35236,7 +35417,7 @@ @article{bib3950 year = {1989} } -@book{bib3951, +@book{bib3971, author = {Jones, Wendell and Jones, Paula}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -35245,7 +35426,7 @@ @book{bib3951 year = {1991} } -@book{bib3952, +@book{bib3972, author = {Jones, Peggy}, pages = {iii, 60}, publisher = {Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ghana}, @@ -35254,7 +35435,7 @@ @book{bib3952 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib3953, +@incollection{bib3973, author = {Jones, William and Michelson, Truman}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian languages 1}, @@ -35263,7 +35444,7 @@ @incollection{bib3953 year = {1911} } -@incollection{bib3954, +@incollection{bib3974, author = {Jones, Nicholas G. Blurton}, editor = {Miller, Marc S.}, booktitle = {State of the Peoples: A Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger}, @@ -35272,7 +35453,7 @@ @incollection{bib3954 year = {1993} } -@book{bib3955, +@book{bib3975, author = {Jetté, Jules and Jones, Eliza}, address = {Fairbanks}, local_ids = {99334}, @@ -35281,7 +35462,7 @@ @book{bib3955 year = {2000} } -@article{bib3956, +@article{bib3976, author = {Jones, 'Ōiwi Parker}, editor = {Martin Haspelmath, Uri Tadmor}, journal = {Loanwords in the World's Languages}, @@ -35293,7 +35474,7 @@ @article{bib3956 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib3957, +@incollection{bib3977, author = {Jones, Michael}, editor = {Harris, Martin and Vincent, Nigel}, booktitle = {The Romance Languages}, @@ -35302,7 +35483,7 @@ @incollection{bib3957 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib3958, +@incollection{bib3978, author = {Evans, Nicholas and Jones, Rhys}, editor = {McConvell, Patrick and Evans, Nicholas}, booktitle = {Archaeology and Linguistics: Aboriginal Australia in Global Perspective}, @@ -35311,19 +35492,19 @@ @incollection{bib3958 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib3959, +@misc{bib3979, author = {Jones, Larry B.}, title = {The linguistic situation in the East Cenderawasih Bay, Irian Jaya: A preliminary survey}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib3960, +@misc{bib3980, author = {Jones, A.}, title = {Unpublished Guha vocabulary}, year = {1889} } -@article{bib3961, +@article{bib3981, author = {Jong, Nicky de}, journal = {Occasional papers in the study of Sudanese languages}, pages = {145-164}, @@ -35332,7 +35513,7 @@ @article{bib3961 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib3962, +@incollection{bib3982, author = {Jong, Nicky de}, editor = {Voeltz, Erhard Friedrich Karl and Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, booktitle = {Ideophones Typological studies in language, #44}, @@ -35342,13 +35523,13 @@ @incollection{bib3962 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib3963, +@misc{bib3983, author = {Jordan, Archibald Campbell}, title = {Some features on the phonetic and grammatical structure of Baca}, year = {1953} } -@article{bib3964, +@article{bib3984, author = {Labrada, Jorge Emilio Roses and Chacon, Thiago and Medina, Francia}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISNN: 1740-6234}, @@ -35362,7 +35543,7 @@ @article{bib3964 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib3965, +@incollection{bib3985, author = {Jorge Emilio Roses Labrada, Hortensia Estrada Ramirez}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -35377,7 +35558,7 @@ @incollection{bib3965 year = {2020} } -@article{bib3966, +@article{bib3986, author = {Jorge Emilio Roses Labrada, Francia Medina}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -35392,7 +35573,7 @@ @article{bib3966 year = {2019} } -@book{bib3967, +@book{bib3987, author = {Jorgensen, Joseph G.}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University}, @@ -35402,7 +35583,7 @@ @book{bib3967 year = {1969} } -@book{bib3968, +@book{bib3988, author = {Joseph, U. V.}, address = {Leiden}, pages = {xxxi+858}, @@ -35413,7 +35594,7 @@ @book{bib3968 year = {2007} } -@article{bib3969, +@article{bib3989, author = {Joseph, Brian}, journal = {Journal of Greek Linguistics}, pages = {187–194}, @@ -35422,7 +35603,7 @@ @article{bib3969 year = {2009} } -@article{bib3970, +@article{bib3990, author = {Joseph Koni Muluwa, Koen Bostoen}, journal = {Göteborg africana informal series}, local_ids = {99463}, @@ -35431,7 +35612,7 @@ @article{bib3970 year = {2008} } -@article{bib3971, +@article{bib3991, author = {Joset, Paul E.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {369-387, 909-946}, @@ -35440,7 +35621,7 @@ @article{bib3971 year = {1952} } -@book{bib3972, +@book{bib3992, author = {Josselin de Jong, Jan Petrus Benjamin de}, address = {Dordrecht}, pages = {ix+335}, @@ -35451,7 +35632,7 @@ @book{bib3972 year = {1987} } -@book{bib3973, +@book{bib3993, author = {Josserand, Judy Kathryn}, local_ids = {98925}, publisher = {New Orleans}, @@ -35460,7 +35641,7 @@ @book{bib3973 year = {1983} } -@article{bib3974, +@article{bib3994, author = {Dahmen, Josua and Possemato, Francesco and Blythe, Joe}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -35474,7 +35655,7 @@ @article{bib3974 year = {2020} } -@book{bib3975, +@book{bib3995, author = {Jouannet, Francis}, pages = {156}, publisher = {Univ. de Provence (Aix-Marseille 1)}, @@ -35482,12 +35663,12 @@ @book{bib3975 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib3976, +@misc{bib3996, author = {Jouannet, Francis and Lafon, Michel}, title = {Etude sur la phonologie du shingazidja} } -@book{bib3977, +@book{bib3997, author = {Jouannet, Francis}, pages = {463}, publisher = {Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT); Soc. des Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, @@ -35496,7 +35677,7 @@ @book{bib3977 year = {1985} } -@article{bib3978, +@article{bib3998, author = {Juajibioy Chindoy, Alberto}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto de Antropología [Universidad de Antioquia]}, number = {8}, @@ -35506,14 +35687,14 @@ @article{bib3978 year = {1962} } -@book{bib3979, +@book{bib3999, author = {Juarez, Miguel Sam and Cao, Ernesto Chen and Tec, Crisanto Xal and Chen, Domingo Cuc and Pop, Pedro Tiul}, publisher = {Proyecto Lingüıstico Francisco Marroquın}, title = {Diccionario del idioma Q'eqchi'}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib3980, +@article{bib4000, author = {Judd, A. S.}, journal = {Journal of the African Society}, number = {89}, @@ -35523,7 +35704,7 @@ @article{bib3980 year = {1923} } -@book{bib3981, +@book{bib4001, author = {Judy, Robert A. and Judy, Judith}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, series = {Notas Lingüısticas de Bolivia}, @@ -35532,7 +35713,7 @@ @book{bib3981 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib3982, +@incollection{bib4002, author = {Judy, Robert A. and Judy, Judith}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 2}, @@ -35541,7 +35722,7 @@ @incollection{bib3982 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib3983, +@incollection{bib4003, author = {Judy, Robert A. and Judy, Judith E.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian grammars 2 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -35552,7 +35733,7 @@ @incollection{bib3983 year = {1967} } -@book{bib3984, +@book{bib4004, author = {Judy, Robert A. and Judy, Judith}, pages = {154}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -35562,7 +35743,7 @@ @book{bib3984 year = {1962} } -@misc{bib3985, +@misc{bib4005, author = {Jukes, Anthony}, local_ids = {24860}, title = {"Documentation of Ratahan, an endangered Austronesian language of North Sulawesi" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -35570,7 +35751,7 @@ @misc{bib3985 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib3986, +@incollection{bib4006, author = {Barbour, Julie and Wessels, Kanauhea and McCarter, Joe}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -35585,7 +35766,7 @@ @incollection{bib3986 year = {2018} } -@article{bib3987, +@article{bib4007, author = {Julou, Roman}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Études Andines}, number = {2}, @@ -35595,7 +35776,7 @@ @article{bib3987 year = {2000} } -@book{bib3988, +@book{bib4008, author = {Jun, Akamine}, address = {Osaka Gakuin University, Japan}, publisher = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim, Faculty of Informatics}, @@ -35604,7 +35785,7 @@ @book{bib3988 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib3989, +@incollection{bib4009, author = {Jung, Dagmar}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas and Sasse, Hans-Jürgen}, booktitle = {Problems of Polysynthesis}, @@ -35613,7 +35794,7 @@ @incollection{bib3989 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib3990, +@incollection{bib4010, author = {Jung, Ingrid}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -35622,13 +35803,13 @@ @incollection{bib3990 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib3991, +@misc{bib4011, author = {Jung, Ingrid}, title = {Grammatik des Paez: Ein Abriss}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib3992, +@article{bib4012, author = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Funck, Angelica von}, journal = {Africana marburgensia}, number = {1}, @@ -35638,7 +35819,7 @@ @article{bib3992 year = {1975} } -@article{bib3993, +@article{bib4013, author = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann}, journal = {Africana marburgensia}, number = {2}, @@ -35648,7 +35829,7 @@ @article{bib3993 year = {1971} } -@book{bib3994, +@book{bib4014, author = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Möhlig, Wilhelm Johann Georg}, address = {Berlin}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -35661,7 +35842,7 @@ @book{bib3994 year = {1983} } -@book{bib3995, +@book{bib4015, author = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann}, pages = {194-205}, publisher = {AuU. L}, @@ -35669,7 +35850,7 @@ @book{bib3995 year = {1965/1966} } -@article{bib3996, +@article{bib4016, author = {Jungraithmayr, Hermann}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, local_ids = {98440}, @@ -35679,7 +35860,7 @@ @article{bib3996 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib3997, +@incollection{bib4017, author = {Jungraithmayr, H.}, editor = {Hofmann, Inge}, address = {Vienna}, @@ -35691,7 +35872,7 @@ @incollection{bib3997 year = {1981} } -@article{bib3998, +@article{bib4018, author = {Junker, Wilhelm Johann}, journal = {Zeits. für afrikanische Sprachen}, pages = {35-108}, @@ -35700,28 +35881,28 @@ @article{bib3998 year = {1888/89} } -@book{bib3999, +@book{bib4019, author = {Jusayú, Miguel Angel}, publisher = {Universidad Católica Andrés Bello}, title = {Diccionario de la lengua guajira. Volume 1: Guajiro-Castellano}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib4000, +@book{bib4020, author = {Jusayú, Miguel Angel and Olza Zubiri, Jesús}, publisher = {Universidad Católica Andrés Bello}, title = {Diccionario de la lengua guajira. Volume 2: Castellano-Guajiro}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib4001, +@book{bib4021, author = {Jusayú, Miguel Angel}, publisher = {Universidad Católica Andres Bello}, title = {Morfologıa guajira}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib4002, +@article{bib4022, author = {KC, Durgalal}, journal = {The Kathmandu Post}, local_ids = {99602}, @@ -35731,7 +35912,7 @@ @article{bib4002 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib4003, +@incollection{bib4023, author = {Kaare, Bwire T.M. and Woodburn, James C.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of hunters and gatherers}, @@ -35740,7 +35921,7 @@ @incollection{bib4003 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib4004, +@incollection{bib4024, author = {Kaare, Bwire T.M.}, editor = {Burch jnr, Ernest S. and Ellana, Linda J.}, booktitle = {Key issues in hunter-gatherer research Explorations in anthropology}, @@ -35750,7 +35931,7 @@ @incollection{bib4004 year = {1994} } -@article{bib4005, +@article{bib4025, author = {Kadenge, Maxwell}, journal = {The Journal of Pan African Studies}, local_ids = {93640}, @@ -35762,7 +35943,7 @@ @article{bib4005 year = {2010} } -@article{bib4006, +@article{bib4026, author = {Kagaya, Ryohei}, journal = {Journal of Asian and African studies / Ajia Afuriku gengo bunka kenkyu}, pages = {1-12}, @@ -35771,7 +35952,7 @@ @article{bib4006 year = {1990} } -@article{bib4007, +@article{bib4027, author = {Kagaya, Ryohei}, journal = {Journal of Asian and African studies / Ajia Afuriku gengo bunka kenkyu}, pages = {175-187}, @@ -35780,14 +35961,14 @@ @article{bib4007 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4008, +@book{bib4028, author = {Kahigi, Kulikoyela Kanalwanda and Kihore, Yared Magori and Mous, Maarten}, publisher = {CNWS (Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies) publ., #89}, title = {Lugha za Tanzania / Languages of Tanzania: studies dedicated to the memory of Prof. Clement Maganga}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4009, +@incollection{bib4029, author = {Kahunen, Marjo}, editor = {Sneddon, James N.}, address = {Jakarta}, @@ -35799,7 +35980,7 @@ @incollection{bib4009 year = {1994} } -@article{bib4010, +@article{bib4030, author = {Kairi, Thomas and Kolia, John}, journal = {Oral History}, pages = {2-89}, @@ -35808,7 +35989,7 @@ @article{bib4010 year = {1977} } -@article{bib4011, +@article{bib4031, author = {Kakkoth, Seetha}, journal = {Anthropologist}, local_ids = {97980}, @@ -35819,7 +36000,7 @@ @article{bib4011 year = {2004} } -@article{bib4012, +@article{bib4032, author = {Kakoty, Deepmoni}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -35834,14 +36015,14 @@ @article{bib4012 year = {2020} } -@book{bib4013, +@book{bib4033, author = {Kakumasu, James Y. and Kakumasu, Kiyoko}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {dictionário por Tópicos Urubu-Kaapor-Portugues}, year = {1988} } -@article{bib4014, +@article{bib4034, author = {Kakumasu, James Y.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {171-197}, @@ -35850,7 +36031,7 @@ @article{bib4014 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib4015, +@incollection{bib4035, author = {Kakumasu, James}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 1}, @@ -35859,7 +36040,7 @@ @incollection{bib4015 year = {1986} } -@article{bib4016, +@article{bib4036, author = {Kakumasu, James}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -35869,14 +36050,14 @@ @article{bib4016 year = {1966} } -@book{bib4017, +@book{bib4037, author = {Kalectaca, Milo}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, title = {Lessons in Hopi}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib4018, +@article{bib4038, author = {wa Kalema, Ebanda}, journal = {Annales Æquatoria}, pages = {321-330}, @@ -35885,21 +36066,21 @@ @article{bib4018 year = {1991} } -@book{bib4019, +@book{bib4039, author = {Kaliai, M.H.J.}, publisher = {Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ibadan}, title = {English-Nembe dictionary}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib4020, +@book{bib4040, author = {Kaliai, M.H.J.}, publisher = {Inst. of African Studies (IAS), Univ. of Ibadan}, title = {Nembe-English dictionary}, year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4021, +@incollection{bib4041, author = {Kamana, K. and Wilson., W.H.}, editor = {Tedick, Diane J. and Christian, Donna and and Fortune, Tara Williams}, booktitle = {Immersion Education: Practices, Policies, Possibilities}, @@ -35911,7 +36092,7 @@ @incollection{bib4021 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4022, +@article{bib4042, author = {Kamba-Muzenga, Jean-Georges}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Annales Aequatoria}, @@ -35922,7 +36103,7 @@ @article{bib4022 year = {1987} } -@article{bib4023, +@article{bib4043, author = {Kamei, Nobutaka}, journal = {African study monographs: supplementary issue}, pages = {185-195}, @@ -35931,7 +36112,7 @@ @article{bib4023 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4024, +@misc{bib4044, author = {Kamholz, David}, local_ids = {24666}, title = {"Documentation of Moor, an Austronesian language of Cenderawasih Bay, Indonesia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -35939,7 +36120,7 @@ @misc{bib4024 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib4025, +@misc{bib4045, author = {Kamholz, David}, local_ids = {99676}, month = {December}, @@ -35947,7 +36128,7 @@ @misc{bib4025 year = {2021} } -@book{bib4026, +@book{bib4046, author = {Kaminsky, Jonathan}, howpublished = {REuters news service}, local_ids = {98431}, @@ -35959,20 +36140,20 @@ @book{bib4026 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4027, +@book{bib4047, author = {Kampfe, Hans-Rainer and Volodin, Aleksandr P.}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Abriss der tschuktschischen Grammatik auf der Basis der Schriftsprache}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib4028, +@misc{bib4048, author = {Kamprath, C.}, title = {Supra-segmental Structures in a Rhaeto-Romance Dialect: A Case Study in Metrical and Lexical Phonology}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib4029, +@book{bib4049, author = {Kane, Joe}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Vintage}, @@ -35980,7 +36161,7 @@ @book{bib4029 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib4030, +@incollection{bib4050, author = {Kangasmaa-Minn, Eeva}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Uralic Languages}, @@ -35989,7 +36170,7 @@ @incollection{bib4030 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4031, +@book{bib4051, author = {Kani, Padi and Kani, Mihin}, address = {Itanagar}, publisher = {M/S Frontier Publisher & Distributor}, @@ -35997,7 +36178,7 @@ @book{bib4031 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4032, +@book{bib4052, author = {Kannenberg, Carl [Hauptmann]}, pages = {144-172}, publisher = {Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn}, @@ -36005,7 +36186,7 @@ @book{bib4032 year = {1900} } -@article{bib4033, +@article{bib4053, author = {Kansakar, Tej Ratna et al.}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Journal}, @@ -36017,7 +36198,7 @@ @article{bib4033 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4034, +@book{bib4054, author = {Kapfo, Kedutso}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, series = {Central Institute of Indian Languages publications, 571}, @@ -36025,14 +36206,14 @@ @book{bib4034 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib4035, +@incollection{bib4055, author = {Kapfo, Kedutso}, booktitle = {The Ethnology of the Khezhas and the Khezha Grammar Central Institute of Indian Languages}, title = {The Ethnology of the Khezhas and the Khezha Grammar}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4036, +@incollection{bib4056, author = {Overing, Joanna and Kaplan, M. R.}, editor = {Coppens, W.}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -36044,7 +36225,7 @@ @incollection{bib4036 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib4037, +@incollection{bib4057, author = {Kaplan, Lawrence D.}, editor = {Collis, Dirmid R. F.}, booktitle = {Arctic Languages: An Awakening}, @@ -36053,14 +36234,14 @@ @incollection{bib4037 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib4038, +@misc{bib4058, author = {Kaplan, Joanna Overing}, pages = {421}, title = {The Piaroa: a people of the Orinoco basin: a study in kinship and marriage}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib4039, +@book{bib4059, author = {Kaplan, Joanna Overing}, address = {Oxford}, publisher = {Clarendon Press}, @@ -36068,7 +36249,7 @@ @book{bib4039 year = {1975} } -@book{bib4040, +@book{bib4060, author = {Kapteijns, Lidwien}, pages = {366}, publisher = {Kegan Paul International}, @@ -36076,7 +36257,7 @@ @book{bib4040 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib4041, +@incollection{bib4061, author = {Kapteijns, Lidwien}, booktitle = {Papers presented to the international oral history conference, 24-26 October 1980}, pages = {209-249}, @@ -36084,7 +36265,7 @@ @incollection{bib4041 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib4042, +@misc{bib4062, author = {Karaś, Haliny}, local_ids = {90283}, note = {http://www.dialektologia.uw.edu.pl/index.php?l1=opis-dialektow&l2=dialekt-slaski&l3=dialekt-slaski-zasieg-mwr}, @@ -36092,7 +36273,7 @@ @misc{bib4042 url = {http://www.dialektologia.uw.edu.pl/index.php?l1=opis-dialektow} } -@incollection{bib4043, +@incollection{bib4063, author = {Karhunen, Marjo and Vuorinen, Paula}, booktitle = {UMBAS-SIL South Sulawesi Sociolinguistic Surveys 1987-1991 Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {35-53}, @@ -36101,7 +36282,7 @@ @incollection{bib4043 year = {1991} } -@article{bib4044, +@article{bib4064, author = {Karhunen, Mario}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Culture}, title = {Phonology of Padoe}, @@ -36109,7 +36290,7 @@ @article{bib4044 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib4045, +@incollection{bib4065, author = {Karhunen, Marjo}, editor = {den Berg, René Van}, booktitle = {no booktitle Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics}, @@ -36120,21 +36301,21 @@ @incollection{bib4045 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4046, +@book{bib4066, author = {Kari, James}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Ahtna Athapaskan Dictionary}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib4047, +@book{bib4067, author = {Kari, James}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Ingalik Noun Dictionary}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib4048, +@book{bib4068, author = {Karjalainen, Heini; Ulriikka Puura; Riho Grünthal; and Kovaleva, Svetlana}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -36144,7 +36325,7 @@ @book{bib4048 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib4049, +@misc{bib4069, author = {Karpov, V. G.}, pages = {428-445}, title = {Xakasskij jazyk}, @@ -36152,7 +36333,7 @@ @misc{bib4049 year = {1966} } -@article{bib4050, +@article{bib4070, author = {Karsten, Rafael}, journal = {Översikt av Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar Bd. LXIV}, title = {La Lengua de los Indios Jíbaros (Shuāra) del Oriente del Ecuador}, @@ -36160,7 +36341,7 @@ @article{bib4050 year = {1921} } -@incollection{bib4051, +@incollection{bib4071, author = {Karsten, Rafael}, address = {Helsingfors}, booktitle = {Indian Tribes of the Argentine and Bolivian Chaco Commentationes humanarum litterarum}, @@ -36171,7 +36352,7 @@ @incollection{bib4051 year = {1932} } -@article{bib4052, +@article{bib4072, author = {Kassam, Aneesa and Bashuna, Ali Balla}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Africa}, @@ -36183,7 +36364,7 @@ @article{bib4052 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib4053, +@incollection{bib4073, author = {Kastenholz, Raimund}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Köln}, @@ -36196,7 +36377,7 @@ @incollection{bib4053 year = {1998} } -@article{bib4054, +@article{bib4074, author = {Chirkova, Katia and Chen, Yiya and and Antolik, Tanja Kocjančič}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, number = {3}, @@ -36206,7 +36387,7 @@ @article{bib4054 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib4055, +@misc{bib4075, author = {Blench, Roger and Kato, Barau}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Manuscript}, @@ -36216,14 +36397,14 @@ @misc{bib4055 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4056, +@book{bib4076, author = {Katz, Dovid}, publisher = {Duckworth}, title = {Grammar of the Yiddish Language}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib4057, +@book{bib4077, author = {Kauczor, D.}, address = {Wien}, publisher = {Akademie der Wissenschaften}, @@ -36233,7 +36414,7 @@ @book{bib4057 year = {1920} } -@article{bib4058, +@article{bib4078, author = {Drexel, A. and Kauczor, D.}, journal = {Biblioteca Africana}, pages = {67-78, 29-53}, @@ -36242,7 +36423,7 @@ @article{bib4058 year = {1930-1931} } -@book{bib4059, +@book{bib4079, author = {Kaufman, Terrence}, editor = {Delancey, Scott}, pages = {50-168}, @@ -36253,7 +36434,7 @@ @book{bib4059 year = {1989} } -@article{bib4060, +@article{bib4080, author = {Kaufman, Habib Borjian; Daniel}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99387}, @@ -36264,7 +36445,7 @@ @article{bib4060 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib4061, +@misc{bib4081, author = {Kaufman, Daniel}, local_ids = {92381}, month = {July 21}, @@ -36272,14 +36453,14 @@ @misc{bib4061 year = {2012} } -@book{bib4062, +@book{bib4082, author = {Kaul, P. K.}, publisher = {Eastern Book Linkers}, title = {Pahāṛi and other tribal dialects of Jammu Volume I}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib4063, +@article{bib4083, author = {Kavakli, Nurdan}, editor = {BOZKURT, Yazgülü}, address = {Kuleli Sokak, 49/24, Çankaya/Ankara TÜRKİYE}, @@ -36293,7 +36474,7 @@ @article{bib4063 year = {2015} } -@article{bib4064, +@article{bib4084, author = {Kavari, Jekura Uaurika}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Logos}, @@ -36304,7 +36485,7 @@ @article{bib4064 year = {1993} } -@article{bib4065, +@article{bib4085, author = {Kavari, Jekura Uaurika}, journal = {Logos}, pages = {115-120}, @@ -36313,14 +36494,14 @@ @article{bib4065 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib4066, +@misc{bib4086, author = {Kavtaradze, Alexander}, local_ids = {99475}, title = {Personal Communication on Udi}, year = {2019} } -@book{bib4067, +@book{bib4087, author = {Zeitoun, Elizabeth and Chu, Tai-hwa and a Tahesh Kaybaybaw., Lalo}, isbn = {978-0-8248-5042-5}, local_ids = {97160}, @@ -36329,7 +36510,7 @@ @book{bib4067 year = {2015} } -@article{bib4068, +@article{bib4088, author = {Kaye, Alan S. and Tosco, Mauro}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika (SUGIA)}, pages = {269-305}, @@ -36338,7 +36519,7 @@ @article{bib4068 year = {1993} } -@article{bib4069, +@article{bib4089, author = {Kaye, Alan S.}, journal = {Journal of African languages and linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -36348,7 +36529,7 @@ @article{bib4069 year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib4070, +@incollection{bib4090, author = {Kaye, Alan S.}, editor = {Rottland, Franz and Omondi, Lucia Ndong’a}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Nilo-Saharan linguistics colloquium, Kisumu, Kenya, August 4-9, 1986 Nilo-Saharan: linguistic analyses and documentation (NISA), #6}, @@ -36358,7 +36539,7 @@ @incollection{bib4070 year = {1991} } -@book{bib4071, +@book{bib4091, author = {Kaye, Alan S. and Tosco, Mauro}, pages = {c.130}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -36367,7 +36548,7 @@ @book{bib4071 year = {2001?} } -@article{bib4072, +@article{bib4092, author = {Kaye, Alan S.}, journal = {Forum}, number = {5}, @@ -36377,20 +36558,20 @@ @article{bib4072 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib4073, +@misc{bib4093, author = {Kaye, Alan S.}, title = {The history and development of Juba and Ki-Nubi Arabic}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib4074, +@book{bib4094, author = {Kayser, MSC}, publisher = {Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany}, title = {Nauru grammar}, year = {1993} } -@misc{bib4075, +@misc{bib4095, author = {Kazakevich, O.A.}, institution = {Endangered Languages of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia}, local_ids = {98424}, @@ -36400,7 +36581,7 @@ @misc{bib4075 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4076, +@book{bib4096, author = {Kazama, Shinjiro 風間伸次郎}, publisher = {ELPR}, series = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim Publications Series}, @@ -36409,7 +36590,7 @@ @book{bib4076 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib4077, +@incollection{bib4097, author = {Kazenin, Konstantin I.}, editor = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, booktitle = {Godoberi's noun phrase EUROTYP Working Papers}, @@ -36420,7 +36601,7 @@ @incollection{bib4077 year = {1994} } -@article{bib4078, +@article{bib4098, author = {Keane, A. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {91-113}, @@ -36429,7 +36610,7 @@ @article{bib4078 year = {1885} } -@article{bib4079, +@article{bib4099, author = {Keane, A. H.}, journal = {The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {199-213}, @@ -36438,25 +36619,25 @@ @article{bib4079 year = {1884} } -@misc{bib4080, +@misc{bib4100, author = {Kedrebéogo, Gérard [Tiendrebéogo] and Yago, Zakaria}, title = {Langues du Burkina Faso: les langues gurunsi}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib4081, +@misc{bib4101, author = {Keen, S.}, title = {A Description of the Yukulta Language}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib4082, +@misc{bib4102, author = {Keen, Sandra}, title = {[No title]}, year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib4083, +@incollection{bib4103, author = {Keen, Sandra}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 3}, @@ -36465,7 +36646,7 @@ @incollection{bib4083 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib4084, +@incollection{bib4104, author = {Kehoe, Alice B.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -36474,7 +36655,7 @@ @incollection{bib4084 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4085, +@article{bib4105, author = {Keifenheim, Barbara}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {141-158}, @@ -36483,7 +36664,7 @@ @article{bib4085 year = {1997} } -@article{bib4086, +@article{bib4106, author = {Kejonen, Olle}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -36498,7 +36679,7 @@ @article{bib4086 year = {2020} } -@book{bib4087, +@book{bib4107, author = {Keller, Charles E.}, publisher = {University of North Dakota, Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Work Papers}, @@ -36507,7 +36688,7 @@ @book{bib4087 year = {1976} } -@article{bib4088, +@article{bib4108, author = {Keller, I.}, journal = {Zeits. für afrikanische, ozeanische und ostasiatische Sprachen}, pages = {(?}, @@ -36516,7 +36697,7 @@ @article{bib4088 year = {1902} } -@article{bib4089, +@article{bib4109, author = {Keller, Charles E.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {1-13}, @@ -36525,14 +36706,14 @@ @article{bib4089 year = {2001} } -@book{bib4090, +@book{bib4110, author = {Keller, Kathryn and G, Plácido Luciano}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Diccionario Chontal de Tabasco}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib4091, +@article{bib4111, author = {Keller, I. and Huber, M.}, journal = {Journal of the African Soc.}, number = {9}, @@ -36542,7 +36723,7 @@ @article{bib4091 year = {1903} } -@article{bib4092, +@article{bib4112, author = {Keller, Kathryn C.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -36552,7 +36733,7 @@ @article{bib4092 year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib4093, +@incollection{bib4113, author = {Kelly, Barbara}, editor = {Genetti, Carol}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -36564,14 +36745,14 @@ @incollection{bib4093 year = {2004} } -@book{bib4094, +@book{bib4114, author = {Kelly, William A. and Willard, Frances. H.}, publisher = {Bureau of Education}, title = {Grammar and Vocabulary of the Hlingit, Language of Southeastern Alaska. Report of the Commissioner of Education for 1903-1904}, year = {1904} } -@article{bib4095, +@article{bib4115, author = {Kelly, John}, journal = {African language studies}, pages = {97-110}, @@ -36580,7 +36761,7 @@ @article{bib4095 year = {1974} } -@article{bib4096, +@article{bib4116, author = {Kelm, H.}, journal = {Tribus}, pages = {129-246}, @@ -36589,7 +36770,7 @@ @article{bib4096 year = {1972} } -@article{bib4097, +@article{bib4117, author = {Kelm, Heinz}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {457-516, 770-842}, @@ -36598,20 +36779,20 @@ @article{bib4097 year = {1964} } -@book{bib4098, +@book{bib4118, author = {Kendall, Martha B.}, publisher = {Garland}, title = {Selected Problems in Yavapai Syntax: The Verde Valley Dialect}, year = {1976} } -@misc{bib4099, +@misc{bib4119, author = {Kenfac, Lucy Nganganu}, title = {The phonology of Ambele}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib4100, +@article{bib4120, author = {Kennard, E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -36621,7 +36802,7 @@ @article{bib4100 year = {1936} } -@incollection{bib4101, +@incollection{bib4121, author = {Kennedy, Rodney J.}, editor = {Ray, Sandra K.}, booktitle = {Aboriginal and Islander grammars: Collected papers}, @@ -36630,7 +36811,7 @@ @incollection{bib4101 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib4102, +@misc{bib4122, author = {Kennedy, Elizabeth}, local_ids = {2304}, title = {"Collaborative Research: Documenting Wounmeu (NOA)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -36638,7 +36819,7 @@ @misc{bib4102 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4103, +@book{bib4123, author = {Kennedy, Rod J.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Work Papers of SIL-AAB, Series A}, @@ -36647,19 +36828,19 @@ @book{bib4103 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib4104, +@misc{bib4124, author = {Kennedy, Robert}, title = {Stress and Reduplication in the Ponapeic languages}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib4105, +@misc{bib4125, author = {Kenny, Michael G.}, title = {Basuba historical narratives}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib4106, +@article{bib4126, author = {Kenny, Michael G.}, journal = {Africa}, number = {3}, @@ -36669,7 +36850,7 @@ @article{bib4106 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib4107, +@incollection{bib4127, author = {Kensinger, Kenneth M.}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -36678,14 +36859,14 @@ @incollection{bib4107 year = {1985} } -@book{bib4108, +@book{bib4128, author = {Kent, Susan}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, title = {Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: an African perspective}, year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4109, +@incollection{bib4129, author = {Kent, Susan}, editor = {Kent, Susan}, booktitle = {Cultural diversity among twentieth-century foragers: an African perspective}, @@ -36694,7 +36875,7 @@ @incollection{bib4109 year = {1996} } -@article{bib4110, +@article{bib4130, author = {Kern, H.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van. Nederlandsch Indië: 6e volg}, pages = {139-157}, @@ -36703,7 +36884,7 @@ @article{bib4110 year = {1900} } -@book{bib4111, +@book{bib4131, author = {Everett, Daniel L. and Kern, Barbara}, address = {London & New York}, publisher = {Routledge}, @@ -36712,14 +36893,14 @@ @book{bib4111 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib4112, +@misc{bib4132, author = {Kerr, Harland B.}, pages = {150}, title = {A preliminary statement of Witu grammar}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib4113, +@book{bib4133, author = {Kerr, Isabel J.}, pages = {x+429}, publisher = {Asociación Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -36727,7 +36908,7 @@ @book{bib4113 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib4114, +@incollection{bib4134, author = {Kerr, H. B.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -36739,14 +36920,14 @@ @incollection{bib4114 year = {1975} } -@book{bib4115, +@book{bib4135, author = {Kert, G. M.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Saamskij jazyk (kil'dinskij dialekt): fonetika, Morfologia, sintaksis}, year = {1971} } -@article{bib4116, +@article{bib4136, author = {Key, Mary Ritchie}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -36756,34 +36937,34 @@ @article{bib4116 year = {1978} } -@book{bib4117, +@book{bib4137, author = {Key, Harold and Key, Mary}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Bolivian Indian Tribes}, year = {1967} } -@book{bib4118, +@book{bib4138, author = {Key, Mary Ritchie de}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Cavineña y Castellano}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib4119, +@book{bib4139, author = {Key, Mary R.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Comparative Tacanan Phonology}, year = {1968} } -@misc{bib4120, +@misc{bib4140, author = {Key, Harold}, title = {Morphology of Cayuvava}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib4121, +@book{bib4141, author = {Key, Harold H.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -36792,7 +36973,7 @@ @book{bib4121 year = {1967} } -@article{bib4122, +@article{bib4142, author = {Key, Harold}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -36802,20 +36983,20 @@ @article{bib4122 year = {1961} } -@book{bib4123, +@book{bib4143, author = {Key, Harold and de Key, Mary Ritchie}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Mejicana de la Sierra de Zacapoaxtla, Puebla}, year = {1953} } -@misc{bib4124, +@misc{bib4144, author = {Khadka, Bir Bahadur}, title = {A sketch grammar of Bot̪o Boli}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4125, +@incollection{bib4145, author = {Khalilova, Zaira}, booktitle = {A Grammar of Khwarshi}, howpublished = {online and in print}, @@ -36830,7 +37011,7 @@ @incollection{bib4125 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4126, +@book{bib4146, author = {Khamis, Cornelia}, pages = {308}, publisher = {Lit Verlag}, @@ -36839,7 +37020,7 @@ @book{bib4126 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4127, +@book{bib4147, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, address = {Leiden / Boston}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -36851,7 +37032,7 @@ @book{bib4127 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4128, +@book{bib4148, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, local_ids = {93266}, @@ -36860,7 +37041,7 @@ @book{bib4128 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4129, +@book{bib4149, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, address = {Leiden}, local_ids = {93264}, @@ -36869,7 +37050,7 @@ @book{bib4129 year = {2004} } -@book{bib4130, +@book{bib4150, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, local_ids = {93241}, @@ -36878,7 +37059,7 @@ @book{bib4130 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4131, +@incollection{bib4151, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, address = {Leiden, Boston}, booktitle = {Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics}, @@ -36889,7 +37070,7 @@ @incollection{bib4131 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4132, +@article{bib4152, author = {Khan, Geoffrey}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, local_ids = {97383}, @@ -36900,7 +37081,7 @@ @article{bib4132 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4133, +@incollection{bib4153, author = {Khanittanan, Wilaiwan}, editor = {Gething, T. W. and Liem, Nguyen Dang}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -36912,7 +37093,7 @@ @incollection{bib4133 year = {1979} } -@article{bib4134, +@article{bib4154, author = {Salman, Amel and Kharusi, Nafla S.}, journal = {Journal of Academic and Applied Studies}, local_ids = {98107}, @@ -36923,7 +37104,7 @@ @article{bib4134 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4135, +@article{bib4155, author = {Khatri, Ramesh}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {82-84}, @@ -36932,13 +37113,13 @@ @article{bib4135 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib4136, +@misc{bib4156, author = {Khatri, Ramesh}, title = {The structure of verbs and sentences of Raji}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib4137, +@book{bib4157, author = {Kholar, V. Len}, address = {Guwahati}, pages = {372}, @@ -36947,14 +37128,14 @@ @book{bib4137 year = {2004} } -@book{bib4138, +@book{bib4158, author = {Khonji, L.}, publisher = {Ilaf Press}, title = {Negaresh Tafsili bar zabane Larestani va guyeshe Khonji [Comprehensive study of the Larestani language and the Khonji dialect].}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib4139, +@misc{bib4159, author = {Khvtisiashvili, Tamrika}, local_ids = {88318}, school = {University of Utah}, @@ -36962,7 +37143,7 @@ @misc{bib4139 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4140, +@book{bib4160, author = {Kiango, John G.}, publisher = {Dept. of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, Univ. of Dar es Salaam}, series = {LoT (Languages of Tanzania) publications}, @@ -36970,7 +37151,7 @@ @book{bib4140 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4141, +@incollection{bib4161, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4}, @@ -36979,7 +37160,7 @@ @incollection{bib4141 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib4142, +@incollection{bib4162, author = {Kibrik, Andrej}, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin}, booktitle = {Coordinating Constructions}, @@ -36988,7 +37169,7 @@ @incollection{bib4142 year = {2004} } -@book{bib4143, +@book{bib4163, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -36998,14 +37179,14 @@ @book{bib4143 year = {1996} } -@book{bib4144, +@book{bib4164, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E. and Kodzasov, S. V. and Murav'eva, I. A.}, publisher = {IMLI RAN, Nasledie}, title = {Jazyk i fol'klor aljutorcev}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4145, +@incollection{bib4165, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4}, @@ -37014,28 +37195,28 @@ @incollection{bib4145 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4146, +@book{bib4166, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, publisher = {Institut russkogo jazyka AN SSSR}, title = {Materialy k tipologii èrgativnosti: Bezhtinskij jazyk}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib4147, +@incollection{bib4167, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E.}, booktitle = {Issledovanija po strukturnoj i prikladnoj lingvistike Nauka}, title = {Nominativnaja/èrgativnaja konstrukcii i logicheskoe udarenie v archinskom jazyke}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib4148, +@book{bib4168, author = {Kibrik, Aleksandr E. and Kodzasov, S. V. and Olovjannikova, I. P. and Samedov, D. S.}, publisher = {Izdatelstvo Moskovskogo Universiteta}, title = {Opyt strukturnogo opisanija archinskogo jazyka. Volume 1-4}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib4149, +@book{bib4169, author = {Kidder, F.}, address = {Portland}, publisher = {Brown Thrurston}, @@ -37043,7 +37224,7 @@ @book{bib4149 year = {1859} } -@incollection{bib4150, +@incollection{bib4170, author = {Galloway, Patricia and Kidwell, Clara Sue}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -37055,7 +37236,7 @@ @incollection{bib4150 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib4151, +@incollection{bib4171, author = {Kidwell, Clara Sue}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -37067,7 +37248,7 @@ @incollection{bib4151 year = {2004} } -@article{bib4152, +@article{bib4172, author = {Kieffer, Charles M.}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95860}, @@ -37076,7 +37257,7 @@ @article{bib4152 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib4153, +@incollection{bib4173, author = {Kieffer, C.}, editor = {de Grancy, Roger Senarclens and Kostka, Robert}, booktitle = {Grosser Pamir: Österreichisches Forschungsunternehmen 1975 in den Wakhan-Pamir/Afghanistan}, @@ -37085,7 +37266,7 @@ @incollection{bib4153 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib4154, +@incollection{bib4174, author = {Kieffer, Charles M.}, editor = {Windfuhr, Gernot}, booktitle = {The Iranian Languages}, @@ -37098,7 +37279,7 @@ @incollection{bib4154 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4155, +@book{bib4175, author = {Kiessling, Roland}, publisher = {Research and Progress Verlag}, series = {Afrikanistische Forschungen}, @@ -37107,7 +37288,7 @@ @book{bib4155 year = {1994} } -@article{bib4156, +@article{bib4176, author = {Kietzman, Dale W.}, journal = {Revista de Antropologia}, number = {1}, @@ -37117,7 +37298,7 @@ @article{bib4156 year = {1958} } -@article{bib4157, +@article{bib4177, author = {Kihm, Alain}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, number = {79}, @@ -37127,14 +37308,14 @@ @article{bib4157 year = {1980} } -@book{bib4158, +@book{bib4178, author = {Kilham, Christine and Pamulkan, Mabel and Pootchemunka, Jennifer and Wolmby, Topsy}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Dictionary and Source-book of the Wik-Mungkan Language}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib4159, +@book{bib4179, author = {Kilham, Hannah}, pages = {xi, 1, 47, 1, 12, 12}, publisher = {P. White; Committee of the Soc. of Friends}, @@ -37142,7 +37323,7 @@ @book{bib4159 year = {1828} } -@book{bib4160, +@book{bib4180, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe Verlag}, series = {Wortkunst und Dokumentartexte in afrikanischen Sprachen, #16}, @@ -37150,7 +37331,7 @@ @book{bib4160 year = {2002} } -@book{bib4161, +@book{bib4181, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, pages = {438}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, @@ -37159,7 +37340,7 @@ @book{bib4161 year = {2008} } -@book{bib4162, +@book{bib4182, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, pages = {xxxiv, 261}, publisher = {Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique}, @@ -37168,13 +37349,13 @@ @book{bib4162 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib4163, +@misc{bib4183, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, title = {Das Baka -- ein morphosyntaktischer überblick aus der Grammatikalisierungsperspektive}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib4164, +@book{bib4184, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, publisher = {Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität zu Köln}, series = {Afrikanistische Monografien (AMO)}, @@ -37183,13 +37364,13 @@ @book{bib4164 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib4165, +@misc{bib4185, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, title = {Der Komitativ im Baka: eine Fallstudie zur Grammatikalisierung}, year = {1992} } -@article{bib4166, +@article{bib4186, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP)}, pages = {123-167}, @@ -37198,7 +37379,7 @@ @article{bib4166 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib4167, +@incollection{bib4187, author = {Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, editor = {Voeltz, Erhard Friedrich Karl and Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, booktitle = {Ideophones Typological studies in language, #44}, @@ -37208,13 +37389,13 @@ @incollection{bib4167 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4168, +@misc{bib4188, author = {Kilpatrick, Eileen}, title = {Preliminary phonology of the Bongo language}, year = {1979} } -@misc{bib4169, +@misc{bib4189, author = {Kim, Amy and Kim, Seung}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -37226,7 +37407,7 @@ @misc{bib4169 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4170, +@incollection{bib4190, author = {Kim, Stephen S.}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -37237,7 +37418,7 @@ @incollection{bib4170 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4171, +@book{bib4191, author = {Kim, Amy and Roy, Palash and Sangma, Mridul}, howpublished = {online}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -37248,7 +37429,7 @@ @book{bib4171 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib4172, +@misc{bib4192, author = {Kim, Yuni}, local_ids = {98484}, school = {University of California at Berkeley}, @@ -37257,14 +37438,14 @@ @misc{bib4172 year = {2008} } -@book{bib4173, +@book{bib4193, author = {Kimball, Geoffrey D.}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, title = {Koasati Dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib4174, +@book{bib4194, author = {Kimball, Geoffrey D.}, address = {Lincoln}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, @@ -37273,7 +37454,7 @@ @book{bib4174 year = {1991} } -@book{bib4175, +@book{bib4195, author = {Kimmenade, Martin van de}, pages = {120}, publisher = {Anthropos-Inst.}, @@ -37282,7 +37463,7 @@ @book{bib4175 year = {1954} } -@article{bib4176, +@article{bib4196, author = {Kimmenade, Martin van de}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {395-416}, @@ -37291,7 +37472,7 @@ @article{bib4176 year = {1936} } -@article{bib4177, +@article{bib4197, author = {Kimura, Daiji}, journal = {African study monographs: supplementary issue}, pages = {103-121}, @@ -37300,7 +37481,7 @@ @article{bib4177 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4178, +@incollection{bib4198, author = {Kinch, Rodney and Kinch, Pamela}, editor = {de Pérez, María Stella González and de Montes, María Luisa Rodríguez}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -37309,14 +37490,14 @@ @incollection{bib4178 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4179, +@book{bib4199, author = {Kindberg, Lee}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Ashaninca}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib4180, +@book{bib4200, author = {Kindberg, Lee D.}, pages = {466}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüítico de Verano}, @@ -37326,14 +37507,14 @@ @book{bib4180 year = {1980} } -@book{bib4181, +@book{bib4201, author = {Kindell, G.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Kaingang phonemics. Appendix to U. Wiesemann, Die phonologische und grammatische Struktur der Kaingang-Sprache}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib4182, +@incollection{bib4202, author = {King, John T.}, booktitle = {A Grammar of Dhimal Languages of the Greater Himalayan Region}, publisher = {Brill}, @@ -37342,7 +37523,7 @@ @incollection{bib4182 year = {2009} } -@phdthesis{bib4183, +@phdthesis{bib4203, author = {King, John Timothy}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {98033}, @@ -37352,7 +37533,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4183 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4184, +@incollection{bib4204, author = {King, Jeanette}, editor = {Campbell, Kenneth Rehg; Lyle}, booktitle = {Handbook of Endangered Languages}, @@ -37362,14 +37543,14 @@ @incollection{bib4184 year = {2018} } -@misc{bib4185, +@misc{bib4205, author = {King, Deborah}, title = {Voice and valence-altering operations in Falam Chin: A Role and Reference Grammar approach}, url = {http://linguistics.buffalo.edu/people/faculty/vanvalin/rrg/FalamChinDissertationFinal.pdf}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib4186, +@book{bib4206, author = {Kingsley, Mary Henrietta}, pages = {xvii, 743}, publisher = {Macmillan & Co.}, @@ -37377,7 +37558,7 @@ @book{bib4186 year = {1897} } -@book{bib4187, +@book{bib4207, author = {Kingsley, Mary Henrietta}, pages = {xx, 541}, publisher = {Macmillan & Co.}, @@ -37385,7 +37566,7 @@ @book{bib4187 year = {1900} } -@article{bib4188, +@article{bib4208, author = {Kingston, Peter K. E.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, number = {5}, @@ -37395,7 +37576,7 @@ @article{bib4188 year = {1976} } -@article{bib4189, +@article{bib4209, author = {Kinkade, Dale}, journal = {American Linguistics}, pages = {66-72}, @@ -37404,7 +37585,7 @@ @article{bib4189 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib4190, +@incollection{bib4210, author = {Kinslow Harris, J.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics No.~4 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -37415,7 +37596,7 @@ @incollection{bib4190 year = {1969} } -@misc{bib4191, +@misc{bib4211, author = {Kiplangat, Cheruiyot}, howpublished = {Endangered Language Fund grant abstract}, local_ids = {88203}, @@ -37424,7 +37605,7 @@ @misc{bib4191 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib4192, +@misc{bib4212, author = {Kiplangat, Cheruiyot}, local_ids = {98631}, title = {Endangered Languages Fund Abstract: "Working to Save Ogiek and Sengwer of Kenya"}, @@ -37432,7 +37613,7 @@ @misc{bib4192 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4193, +@book{bib4213, author = {Kipper, Anna}, pages = {335-357}, publisher = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes. LIV}, @@ -37440,7 +37621,7 @@ @book{bib4193 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib4194, +@incollection{bib4214, author = {Kirchhoff, Paul}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -37452,7 +37633,7 @@ @incollection{bib4194 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib4195, +@incollection{bib4215, author = {Kirchhoff, Paul}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -37464,7 +37645,7 @@ @incollection{bib4195 year = {1948} } -@article{bib4196, +@article{bib4216, author = {Kirschstein, E.}, journal = {Tanganyika notes and records}, pages = {82-83}, @@ -37473,7 +37654,7 @@ @article{bib4196 year = {1937} } -@incollection{bib4197, +@incollection{bib4217, author = {Kirton, Jean F.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 1 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {15-28}, @@ -37483,7 +37664,7 @@ @incollection{bib4197 year = {1967} } -@book{bib4198, +@book{bib4218, author = {Kirton, Jean F.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, @@ -37492,7 +37673,7 @@ @book{bib4198 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib4199, +@incollection{bib4219, author = {Kirton, Jean F.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 5 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {15-66}, @@ -37502,7 +37683,7 @@ @incollection{bib4199 year = {1971} } -@book{bib4200, +@book{bib4220, author = {Kirton, Jean and Charlie, Bella}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -37511,7 +37692,7 @@ @book{bib4200 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4201, +@incollection{bib4221, author = {Kirton, Jean F. and Charlie, Bella}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 11 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {179-197}, @@ -37521,7 +37702,7 @@ @incollection{bib4201 year = {1978} } -@article{bib4202, +@article{bib4222, author = {Kirton, Jean F.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 25 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -37532,7 +37713,7 @@ @article{bib4202 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib4203, +@incollection{bib4223, author = {Kirton, Jean F.}, editor = {Ray, Michael J.}, booktitle = {Aboriginal language use in the Northern Territory: 5 reports}, @@ -37541,7 +37722,7 @@ @incollection{bib4203 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib4204, +@incollection{bib4224, author = {Kisch, Shifra}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -37553,7 +37734,7 @@ @incollection{bib4204 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4205, +@article{bib4225, author = {Kissenberth, Wilhelm}, journal = {Baessler Archiv}, pages = {45-54}, @@ -37562,31 +37743,31 @@ @article{bib4205 year = {1912} } -@misc{bib4206, +@misc{bib4226, author = {of Suyá Kisêdhê, Phonological Aspects}, title = {A. Foresti}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib4207, +@misc{bib4227, author = {Kite, S.}, title = {A Grammar of Duungidjawu: a Waga dialect from south-east Queensland}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib4208, +@misc{bib4228, author = {Kiwasila, Hildegarda L.}, title = {Traditional practices affecting women’s health: the case of female circumcision among the Wavidunda of Kidoli in Kilosa District, Morogoro Region}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib4209, +@misc{bib4229, author = {Kiyosawa, Kaoru}, title = {Applicatives in Salish languages}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4210, +@incollection{bib4230, author = {Kiziria, A}, booktitle = {Языки мира}, pages = {63}, @@ -37594,7 +37775,7 @@ @incollection{bib4210 year = {1967} } -@book{bib4211, +@book{bib4231, author = {Klamer, Marian}, address = {New York}, local_ids = {95540}, @@ -37603,7 +37784,7 @@ @book{bib4211 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4212, +@book{bib4232, author = {Klamer, Marian}, address = {Berlin}, local_ids = {96260}, @@ -37612,7 +37793,7 @@ @book{bib4212 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib4213, +@incollection{bib4233, author = {Klamer, Marian}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, @@ -37623,13 +37804,13 @@ @incollection{bib4213 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib4214, +@misc{bib4234, author = {Klamer, Marian}, title = {Kambera: A Language of Eastern Indonesia}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib4215, +@incollection{bib4235, author = {Klamer, Marian}, editor = {Ewing, Michael and Klamer, Marian}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -37641,7 +37822,7 @@ @incollection{bib4215 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib4216, +@incollection{bib4236, author = {Holton, Gary and Klamer, Marian}, editor = {Palmer, Bill}, booktitle = {The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide}, @@ -37649,7 +37830,7 @@ @incollection{bib4216 year = {2016} } -@article{bib4217, +@article{bib4237, author = {Klamroth, Martin}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, number = {3}, @@ -37659,7 +37840,7 @@ @article{bib4217 year = {1912/13} } -@article{bib4218, +@article{bib4238, author = {Klamroth, Martin}, journal = {Zeits. für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {36-70, 118-153, 189-223}, @@ -37668,7 +37849,7 @@ @article{bib4218 year = {1910/11} } -@article{bib4219, +@article{bib4239, author = {Klava, Ina Druviete; Gunta}, journal = {ESUKA – JEFUL}, local_ids = {99567}, @@ -37679,7 +37860,7 @@ @article{bib4219 year = {2018} } -@article{bib4220, +@article{bib4240, author = {Kleian, E. F.}, journal = {Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (TBG)}, pages = {209-284}, @@ -37688,13 +37869,13 @@ @article{bib4220 year = {1894} } -@misc{bib4221, +@misc{bib4241, author = {Klein, H. E. Manelis}, title = {A Grammar of Argentine Toba: Verbal and Nominal Morphology}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib4222, +@book{bib4242, author = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -37704,7 +37885,7 @@ @book{bib4222 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4223, +@incollection{bib4243, author = {Klein-Arendt, Reinhardt}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm Johann Georg}, booktitle = {Afrikanistische Beiträge zum XXIV. deutschen Orientalistentag 1988 Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere (AAP), Sondernummer 1988}, @@ -37714,7 +37895,7 @@ @incollection{bib4223 year = {1988} } -@article{bib4224, +@article{bib4244, author = {Adelberger, Jörg and Kleinewillighöfer, Ulrich}, journal = {The Nigerian Field}, pages = {35-48}, @@ -37723,7 +37904,7 @@ @article{bib4224 year = {1992} } -@article{bib4225, +@article{bib4245, author = {Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich}, editor = {Nurse, Derek}, address = {Köln}, @@ -37736,7 +37917,7 @@ @article{bib4225 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4226, +@misc{bib4246, author = {Kastenholz, Raimund and Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich}, local_ids = {91722}, month = {May}, @@ -37745,7 +37926,7 @@ @misc{bib4226 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4227, +@article{bib4247, author = {Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich}, journal = {Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers}, pages = {(?}, @@ -37754,7 +37935,7 @@ @article{bib4227 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4228, +@book{bib4248, author = {Klementyev, Yevgeniy; Svetlana Kovaleva; and Zamyatin, Konstantin}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -37764,7 +37945,7 @@ @book{bib4228 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib4229, +@incollection{bib4249, author = {Klieman, Kairn Anne}, editor = {Biesbrouck, Karen and Elders, Stefan and Rossel, Gerda}, booktitle = {Central African hunter-gatherers in a multidisciplinary perspective: challenging elusiveness}, @@ -37773,13 +37954,13 @@ @incollection{bib4229 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib4230, +@misc{bib4250, author = {Klieman, Kairn Anne}, title = {People of the western equatorial rainforest: a history of society and economy, from c.3000 BC to 1890}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib4231, +@book{bib4251, author = {Klieman, Kairn Anne}, pages = {xxxiv, 253}, publisher = {Heinemann}, @@ -37788,7 +37969,7 @@ @book{bib4231 year = {2003} } -@article{bib4232, +@article{bib4252, author = {Klimburg, Max}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95883}, @@ -37797,7 +37978,7 @@ @article{bib4232 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib4233, +@incollection{bib4253, author = {Klimov, Georgij A.}, editor = {van den Berg, Helma}, booktitle = {Studies in Caucasian Linguistics: Selected Papers of the Eighth Caucasian Colloquium}, @@ -37806,7 +37987,7 @@ @incollection{bib4233 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib4234, +@incollection{bib4254, author = {Klinger, Thomas A. and Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -37819,7 +38000,7 @@ @incollection{bib4234 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4235, +@book{bib4255, author = {Klingler, Thomas A.}, address = {Batton Rouge}, local_ids = {98126}, @@ -37828,7 +38009,7 @@ @book{bib4235 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4236, +@book{bib4256, author = {Klokeid, Terry J.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -37838,13 +38019,13 @@ @book{bib4236 year = {1969} } -@misc{bib4237, +@misc{bib4257, author = {Klokeid, T. J.}, title = {Topics in Lardil Grammar}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib4238, +@article{bib4258, author = {Klose, Heinrich}, journal = {Globus}, pages = {309-315, 341-345}, @@ -37853,7 +38034,7 @@ @article{bib4238 year = {1903} } -@article{bib4239, +@article{bib4259, author = {Kluckhohn, Clyde. and MacLeish, Kenneth}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {150-156}, @@ -37862,7 +38043,7 @@ @article{bib4239 year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib4240, +@incollection{bib4260, author = {Lomatidze, K. and Klychev, Rauf}, editor = {Hewitt, George B.}, address = {New York}, @@ -37874,7 +38055,7 @@ @incollection{bib4240 year = {1989} } -@article{bib4241, +@article{bib4261, author = {Knoche, Walter}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {394-399}, @@ -37883,13 +38064,13 @@ @article{bib4241 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib4242, +@misc{bib4262, author = {Knowles, Susan M.}, title = {A Descriptive Grammar of Chontal Maya (San Carlos dialect)}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib4243, +@book{bib4263, author = {Knudson, L.}, address = {D. F.}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social, México}, @@ -37898,7 +38079,7 @@ @book{bib4243 year = {1980} } -@article{bib4244, +@article{bib4264, author = {Knüppel, Michael}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95880}, @@ -37907,7 +38088,7 @@ @article{bib4244 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib4245, +@misc{bib4265, author = {Ko and Edwin and Paquette, Elodie and Rimdzius, Ethan and Grillo, Elizabeth and and O’Connor., Catherine}, local_ids = {99313}, note = {Conference presentation: 4th International Conference of Language Documentation and Conservation (ICLDC), Honolulu, Hawai’i.}, @@ -37916,7 +38097,7 @@ @misc{bib4245 year = {2015} } -@article{bib4246, +@article{bib4266, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {429-462, 944-977, 151-195, 569-589, 812-832, 114-158, 421-449}, @@ -37925,7 +38106,7 @@ @article{bib4246 year = {1912, 1913, 1914, 1914, 1915-1916, 1915-1916} } -@article{bib4247, +@article{bib4267, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {83-124, 297-333, 952-982}, @@ -37934,7 +38115,7 @@ @article{bib4247 year = {1908} } -@article{bib4248, +@article{bib4268, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {877-906}, @@ -37943,7 +38124,7 @@ @article{bib4248 year = {1906} } -@article{bib4249, +@article{bib4269, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {61-84}, @@ -37952,7 +38133,7 @@ @article{bib4249 year = {1910} } -@article{bib4250, +@article{bib4270, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {57-96}, @@ -37961,7 +38142,7 @@ @article{bib4250 year = {1919} } -@article{bib4251, +@article{bib4271, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, title = {Les Indiens Ouitotos, étude linguistique}, @@ -37969,7 +38150,7 @@ @article{bib4251 year = {1906} } -@book{bib4252, +@book{bib4272, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, address = {Stuttgart}, publisher = {Strecker und Schröder}, @@ -37979,7 +38160,7 @@ @book{bib4252 year = {1928} } -@article{bib4253, +@article{bib4273, author = {Koch-Grünberg, Theodor}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {31-50}, @@ -37988,7 +38169,7 @@ @article{bib4253 year = {1932} } -@incollection{bib4254, +@incollection{bib4274, author = {Kodzasov, S. V.}, editor = {Kibrik, A.E. and Kodzasov, S.V. and Olovjannikova, I.P. and Samedov, D.S.}, booktitle = {Opyt Strukturnogo Opisanija Archinskogo Jazyka 1}, @@ -37997,7 +38178,7 @@ @incollection{bib4254 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib4255, +@incollection{bib4275, author = {Kodzasov, Sandro}, editor = {Kibrik, A. E. and Kodzasov, S. V.}, booktitle = {Sopostavitel'noe izuchenie dagenstanskix jazykov}, @@ -38006,7 +38187,7 @@ @incollection{bib4255 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib4256, +@incollection{bib4276, author = {Koehn, Edward and Koehn, Sally}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 1}, @@ -38015,7 +38196,7 @@ @incollection{bib4256 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib4257, +@incollection{bib4277, author = {Koehn, E. and Koehn, S.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -38024,14 +38205,14 @@ @incollection{bib4257 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib4258, +@misc{bib4278, author = {Koehn, Edward H. and Koehn, Sally S.}, pages = {163}, title = {Vocabulário básico Apalaí-Português: dictionário da língua Apalaí}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib4259, +@book{bib4279, author = {Koelle, Sigismund W.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Church Missionary House}, @@ -38039,14 +38220,14 @@ @book{bib4259 year = {1854} } -@book{bib4260, +@book{bib4280, author = {Bolt, J. E. and Hoddinott, W. G. and Kofod, F. M.}, publisher = {Canberra, Mimeographed, AIAS}, title = {An elementary grammar of the Ngaliwuru Language of the Northern Territory}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib4261, +@book{bib4281, author = {Bolt, J. E. and Hoddinott, W. G. and Kofod, F. M.}, address = {Armidale}, publisher = {Mimeographed}, @@ -38054,21 +38235,21 @@ @book{bib4261 year = {1971} } -@book{bib4262, +@book{bib4282, author = {Kofod, Frances}, publisher = {Turkey Creek School and the Kija Community}, title = {Kija-English Dictionary}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib4263, +@misc{bib4283, author = {Kofod, Frances}, pages = {ii+373}, title = {The Miriwung language (East Kimberley): a phonological and morphological study}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib4264, +@book{bib4284, author = {Hoddinott, W. G. and Kofod, F. M.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -38078,14 +38259,14 @@ @book{bib4264 year = {1988} } -@book{bib4265, +@book{bib4285, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig}, publisher = {Strecker & Schröder}, title = {Auf den Spuren des Vormenschen: Forschungen, Fahrten und Erlebnisse ind Deutsch-Ostafrika (Deutsche Afrika-Expedition 1934-1936 und 1937-1939)}, year = {1943} } -@article{bib4266, +@article{bib4286, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig}, journal = {Zeits. für Ethnologie}, pages = {417-424}, @@ -38094,14 +38275,14 @@ @article{bib4266 year = {1939} } -@book{bib4267, +@book{bib4287, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig}, publisher = {Erich Röth Verlag}, title = {Das Elefantenspiel: Mythen, Riesen- und Stammessagen, Völkerzählungen der Tindiga}, year = {1956} } -@book{bib4268, +@book{bib4288, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig}, pages = {102}, publisher = {Erich Röth Verlag}, @@ -38109,14 +38290,14 @@ @book{bib4268 year = {1956} } -@book{bib4269, +@book{bib4289, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig and Kohl-Larsen, Margit}, publisher = {Strecker & Schröder}, title = {Felsmalereien in Innerafrika (Ein Bilderwerk geschichtlicher und vorgeschichtlicher Kunst)}, year = {1938} } -@book{bib4270, +@book{bib4290, author = {Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -38124,13 +38305,13 @@ @book{bib4270 year = {1958} } -@misc{bib4271, +@misc{bib4291, author = {Kohler, Anna}, title = {Dialect intelligibility testing of the Bassar and Konkomba languages in Togo}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib4272, +@book{bib4292, author = {Kohn, Alison}, publisher = {Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre}, title = {Ngarluma - A Morphological Description}, @@ -38138,7 +38319,7 @@ @book{bib4272 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4273, +@incollection{bib4293, author = {Kojima, Y.}, editor = {Tsunoda, T.}, booktitle = {Basic Materials in Minority Languages ICHEL Linguistic Studies}, @@ -38149,7 +38330,7 @@ @incollection{bib4273 year = {2000} } -@article{bib4274, +@article{bib4294, author = {Kok, S. M. M.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {838-865}, @@ -38158,7 +38339,7 @@ @article{bib4274 year = {1921/1922} } -@incollection{bib4275, +@incollection{bib4295, author = {Kolesnikova, V. D. and Konstantinova, O. A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -38167,7 +38348,7 @@ @incollection{bib4275 year = {1968} } -@article{bib4276, +@article{bib4296, author = {Kairi, T. and Kolia, John}, journal = {Oral History}, pages = {1-90}, @@ -38176,13 +38357,13 @@ @article{bib4276 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib4277, +@misc{bib4297, author = {Koljadenkov, M. N.}, title = {Struktura prostogo predlozhenija v mordovskix jazykax}, year = {1959} } -@book{bib4278, +@book{bib4298, author = {Holton, Gary and Koly, Mahalalel Lamma}, address = {Kupang, Indonesia}, local_ids = {99330}, @@ -38191,7 +38372,7 @@ @book{bib4278 year = {2008} } -@phdthesis{bib4279, +@phdthesis{bib4299, author = {Kom, Karung Tarun}, local_ids = {98466}, school = {North-Eastern Hill University}, @@ -38200,7 +38381,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4279 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4280, +@book{bib4300, author = {Kondakov, Alexander}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2011-033}, @@ -38209,7 +38390,15 @@ @book{bib4280 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib4281, +@misc{bib4301, + author = {Kondic, Ana}, + local_ids = {24858}, + title = {"Documentation and Description of the South Eastern Huastec, a Mayan Language from Veracruz, Mexico" HRELP Abstract}, + url = {http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=164}, + year = {2007} +} + +@incollection{bib4302, author = {Kondo, Victor F. and Kondo, Riena W.}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola}, booktitle = {Phonemic systems of Colombian languages SIL Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -38220,7 +38409,7 @@ @incollection{bib4281 year = {1967} } -@article{bib4282, +@article{bib4303, author = {Kondo, Riena W.}, journal = {Artículos en Lingüística y Campos Afines}, pages = {37-75}, @@ -38229,7 +38418,7 @@ @article{bib4282 year = {1982} } -@article{bib4283, +@article{bib4304, author = {Kong, Cuihua 孔翠花}, journal = {Journal of Yili Normal University (Social Science Edition) 伊犁師範學院學報（社會科學版）}, number = {4}, @@ -38239,7 +38428,7 @@ @article{bib4283 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4284, +@book{bib4305, author = {Kongren, Ramjee}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {Kendriya Samiti}, @@ -38247,7 +38436,7 @@ @book{bib4284 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4285, +@book{bib4306, author = {Konnerth, Linda}, local_ids = {98726}, publisher = {Eugene}, @@ -38256,7 +38445,7 @@ @book{bib4285 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4286, +@book{bib4307, author = {Konow, Sten}, editor = {Grierson, G. A.}, pages = {185-189}, @@ -38267,7 +38456,7 @@ @book{bib4286 year = {1906} } -@article{bib4287, +@article{bib4308, author = {Konow, Sten}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, N.S.}, pages = {423-437}, @@ -38276,7 +38465,7 @@ @article{bib4287 year = {1904} } -@article{bib4288, +@article{bib4309, author = {Konow, Sten}, journal = {Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, pages = {486-517}, @@ -38285,7 +38474,7 @@ @article{bib4288 year = {1902} } -@incollection{bib4289, +@incollection{bib4310, author = {Konstantinova, O. A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. J. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -38294,7 +38483,7 @@ @incollection{bib4289 year = {1968} } -@article{bib4290, +@article{bib4311, author = {Konwar, Arpana}, journal = {International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics}, pages = {153-164}, @@ -38303,14 +38492,14 @@ @article{bib4290 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4291, +@misc{bib4312, author = {Ham, Patricia and Waller, Helen E. and Koopman, Linda}, pages = {58}, title = {Aspectos de língua apinayé}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib4292, +@book{bib4313, author = {Koops, Robert George}, editor = {Blench, Roger}, address = {Köln}, @@ -38322,7 +38511,7 @@ @book{bib4292 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4293, +@book{bib4314, author = {Koreinik, Kadri}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -38332,7 +38521,7 @@ @book{bib4293 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4294, +@book{bib4315, author = {Koreinik, Kadri}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -38342,7 +38531,7 @@ @book{bib4294 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4295, +@book{bib4316, author = {Koreinik, Kadri}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -38352,7 +38541,7 @@ @book{bib4295 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4296, +@book{bib4317, author = {Koreinik, Kadri}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, address = {Mainz}, @@ -38366,13 +38555,13 @@ @book{bib4296 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib4297, +@misc{bib4318, author = {Kosaka, R.}, title = {A descriptive study of the Lachi Language: Syntactic Description, Historical Reconstruction and Genetic Relation}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib4298, +@book{bib4319, author = {Koshal, Sanyukta}, address = {Delhi}, publisher = {Motilal Banarsidass}, @@ -38380,7 +38569,7 @@ @book{bib4298 year = {1979} } -@article{bib4299, +@article{bib4320, author = {Kosonen, Kimmo}, journal = {Journal of Southeast Asian Education}, pages = {104-135}, @@ -38389,7 +38578,7 @@ @article{bib4299 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4300, +@book{bib4321, author = {Kossmann, Maarten G.}, address = {Paris}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -38400,7 +38589,7 @@ @book{bib4300 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib4301, +@incollection{bib4322, author = {Kossmann, Maarten G.}, editor = {Matras, Yaron and Sakel, Jeanette}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -38413,34 +38602,34 @@ @incollection{bib4301 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4302, +@book{bib4323, author = {Kotapish, Carl and Kotapish, Sharon}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University}, title = {A Darai-English, English-Darai Glossary}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib4303, +@book{bib4324, author = {Kotapish, Carl and Kotapish, Sharon}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University}, title = {Darai Phonemic Summary}, year = {1973} } -@misc{bib4304, +@misc{bib4325, author = {Kotarska, Anna}, title = {A sociolinguistic survey of the Tongwe language community, Kigoma district, Kigoma region, Tanzania}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib4305, +@book{bib4326, author = {Kouwenberg, Silvia}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {A Grammar of Berbice Dutch Creole}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib4306, +@incollection{bib4327, author = {Kouwenberg, Silvia}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, booktitle = {The Survey of Pidgin and Creole Languages - Volume I: English-based and Dutch-based Languages}, @@ -38449,7 +38638,7 @@ @incollection{bib4306 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4307, +@book{bib4328, author = {Kouwenberg, S.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -38458,13 +38647,13 @@ @book{bib4307 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib4308, +@misc{bib4329, author = {Kouwenberg, Silvia}, title = {Berbice Dutch Creole: grammar, texts, and vocabulary}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib4309, +@incollection{bib4330, author = {Kovedjaeva, E. I.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-ugorskie i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -38473,7 +38662,7 @@ @incollection{bib4309 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4310, +@incollection{bib4331, author = {Kovedjaeva, E. I.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-ugorskie i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -38482,20 +38671,20 @@ @incollection{bib4310 year = {1966} } -@book{bib4311, +@book{bib4332, author = {Kowalski, Tadeusz}, publisher = {Nakladem Polskiej Akademji Umiejetnosci}, title = {Karaimische Texte im Dialekt von Troki: eingeleitet, erläutert und mit einem karaimisch-polnisch-deutschen Glossar versehen}, year = {1929} } -@misc{bib4312, +@misc{bib4333, author = {Kozelka, Paul Robert}, title = {The development of national languages: a case study of language planning in Togo}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib4313, +@incollection{bib4334, author = {Kozinsky, Isaac and Nedjalkov, Vladimir and Polinskaja, Maria}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {Passive and Voice}, @@ -38504,26 +38693,26 @@ @incollection{bib4313 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib4314, +@misc{bib4335, author = {Kozlowski, E. L.}, pages = {129}, title = {Havasupai Simple Sentences}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib4315, +@misc{bib4336, author = {Kraal, Peter}, title = {On adjuncts in Shingazidja}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib4316, +@misc{bib4337, author = {Krajinović Rodrigues, Ana}, title = {O sistema verbal dos crioulos indo-portugueses do Malabar}, year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib4317, +@incollection{bib4338, author = {Kratochvíl, František}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, @@ -38534,7 +38723,7 @@ @incollection{bib4317 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4318, +@book{bib4339, author = {Kratochvíl, František}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {12994}, @@ -38545,7 +38734,7 @@ @book{bib4318 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4319, +@book{bib4340, author = {Kratz, Corinne A.}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution Press}, @@ -38553,7 +38742,7 @@ @book{bib4319 year = {1994} } -@article{bib4320, +@article{bib4341, author = {Kratz, Corinne}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, number = {79}, @@ -38563,7 +38752,7 @@ @article{bib4320 year = {1980} } -@article{bib4321, +@article{bib4342, author = {Kratz, Corinne A.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -38573,7 +38762,7 @@ @article{bib4321 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib4322, +@incollection{bib4343, author = {Kratz, Corinne}, editor = {Karp, Ivan and Masolo, Dismas A.}, booktitle = {African philosophy as cultural inquiry}, @@ -38581,7 +38770,7 @@ @incollection{bib4322 year = {2000} } -@article{bib4323, +@article{bib4344, author = {Kratz, Corinne}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, pages = {51-79}, @@ -38590,7 +38779,7 @@ @article{bib4323 year = {1996} } -@article{bib4324, +@article{bib4345, author = {Krause, Gottlob Adolf}, journal = {Zeits. für afrikanische und oceanische Sprachen}, pages = {363-372}, @@ -38599,7 +38788,7 @@ @article{bib4324 year = {1895} } -@article{bib4325, +@article{bib4346, author = {Krause, Fritz}, journal = {Baessler-Archiv: Beiträge zur Völkerkunde}, pages = {32-44}, @@ -38608,13 +38797,13 @@ @article{bib4325 year = {1936} } -@misc{bib4326, +@misc{bib4347, author = {Krause, Scott Russell}, title = {Topics in Chukchee phonology and morphology}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib4327, +@article{bib4348, author = {Krauss, M. E.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Arctic Anthropology}, @@ -38625,7 +38814,7 @@ @article{bib4327 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4328, +@incollection{bib4349, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, editor = {Sebeok, Thomas A.}, booktitle = {Native Languages of the Americas: Volume 1}, @@ -38634,7 +38823,7 @@ @incollection{bib4328 year = {1976} } -@article{bib4329, +@article{bib4350, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue Canadienne de Linguistique}, pages = {167-187}, @@ -38643,14 +38832,14 @@ @article{bib4329 year = {1965} } -@book{bib4330, +@book{bib4351, author = {Krauss, Michael}, publisher = {University of Alaska}, title = {Eyak Dictionary}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib4331, +@book{bib4352, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, local_ids = {2286}, publisher = {National Science Foundation}, @@ -38659,13 +38848,13 @@ @book{bib4331 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib4332, +@misc{bib4353, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, title = {Minto Nenana Athabaskan Noun Dictionary}, year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib4333, +@incollection{bib4354, author = {Krauss, Michael}, editor = {Sebeok, Thomas A.}, booktitle = {Linguistics in North America Current Trends in Linguistics}, @@ -38676,7 +38865,7 @@ @incollection{bib4333 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib4334, +@incollection{bib4355, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, editor = {Sebeok, Thomas A.}, booktitle = {Native Languages of the Americas: Volume 1}, @@ -38685,7 +38874,7 @@ @incollection{bib4334 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib4335, +@incollection{bib4356, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne}, booktitle = {The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment}, @@ -38694,7 +38883,7 @@ @incollection{bib4335 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib4336, +@incollection{bib4357, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, editor = {Miyaoko, Osahito and Sakiyama, Osamu and Krauss, Michel E.}, booktitle = {The Vanishing Voices of the Pacific Rim}, @@ -38705,7 +38894,7 @@ @incollection{bib4336 year = {2007} } -@article{bib4337, +@article{bib4358, author = {Krauss, Michael E.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {39-72}, @@ -38714,13 +38903,13 @@ @article{bib4337 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib4338, +@misc{bib4359, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, title = {Fonetika Nivkhskogo Jazyka}, year = {1937} } -@article{bib4339, +@article{bib4360, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, journal = {Voprosy Jazykoznanija}, pages = {106-116}, @@ -38729,14 +38918,14 @@ @article{bib4339 year = {1961} } -@book{bib4340, +@book{bib4361, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, publisher = {Academy of Sciences of the USSR}, title = {Jukagirskij jazyk}, year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib4341, +@incollection{bib4362, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -38745,7 +38934,7 @@ @incollection{bib4341 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib4342, +@incollection{bib4363, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -38754,7 +38943,7 @@ @incollection{bib4342 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib4343, +@incollection{bib4364, author = {Krejnovich, E. A.}, editor = {Ivanov, V. V. and Toporov, V. N. and Uspenskij, B. A.}, booktitle = {Studia Ketica: Linguistics}, @@ -38763,7 +38952,7 @@ @incollection{bib4343 year = {1968} } -@book{bib4344, +@book{bib4365, author = {Krell, Amy}, local_ids = {90740}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -38773,7 +38962,7 @@ @book{bib4344 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4345, +@book{bib4366, author = {Krell, Amy}, local_ids = {91740}, publisher = {SIL}, @@ -38782,7 +38971,7 @@ @book{bib4345 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4346, +@article{bib4367, author = {Krelle, H.}, journal = {Archiv für Anthropologie}, pages = {223-235}, @@ -38791,7 +38980,7 @@ @article{bib4346 year = {1935} } -@article{bib4347, +@article{bib4368, author = {Krelle, H.}, journal = {Der Njassa-Bote (Berliner Mission in Deutsch-Ostafrika)}, pages = {59ff}, @@ -38800,25 +38989,25 @@ @article{bib4347 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib4348, +@misc{bib4369, author = {Krelle, H.}, title = {Grammatik der Dzalamosprache}, year = {19xx} } -@book{bib4349, +@book{bib4370, author = {Krelle, H.}, publisher = {Usambara Agentur}, title = {Habari za Wazaramo = About the Zaramo people}, year = {1935} } -@misc{bib4350, +@misc{bib4371, author = {Krelle, H.}, title = {Wörterverzeichnis der Zaramo-Sprache} } -@article{bib4351, +@article{bib4372, author = {Kretsinger, Anna L. and Hardin, Rebecca}, journal = {African study monographs: supplementary issue}, pages = {123-141}, @@ -38827,7 +39016,7 @@ @article{bib4351 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4352, +@book{bib4373, author = {Lebold;, Myo-Sook Sohn; Randy and Kriens, Ron}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98686}, @@ -38838,7 +39027,7 @@ @book{bib4352 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib4353, +@incollection{bib4374, author = {Krishan, Shree}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {New Research on Zhangzhung and Related Himalayan Languages Bon Studies}, @@ -38848,7 +39037,7 @@ @incollection{bib4353 year = {2001} } -@article{bib4354, +@article{bib4375, author = {Krishan, Shree}, journal = {New Research on Zhangzhung and Related Himalayan Languages}, pages = {449-497}, @@ -38857,7 +39046,7 @@ @article{bib4354 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4355, +@incollection{bib4376, author = {Krishan, Shree}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -38869,7 +39058,7 @@ @incollection{bib4355 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4356, +@incollection{bib4377, author = {Krishnamurti, Bh. and Benham, B. A.}, editor = {Steever, Stanford B.}, booktitle = {The Dravidian Languages}, @@ -38878,14 +39067,14 @@ @incollection{bib4356 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4357, +@book{bib4378, author = {Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju}, publisher = {Government of Andhra Pradesh, Tribal Cultural Research and Training Institute}, title = {Konda or Kubi. A Dravidian language}, year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib4358, +@incollection{bib4379, author = {Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju}, booktitle = {The Dravidian Languages}, local_ids = {98056}, @@ -38895,7 +39084,7 @@ @incollection{bib4358 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4359, +@book{bib4380, author = {Krishnan, Shree}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -38903,7 +39092,7 @@ @book{bib4359 year = {1980} } -@book{bib4360, +@book{bib4381, author = {Krisólogo B., Pedro Juan}, address = {Delta Amacuro, Venezuela}, pages = {107}, @@ -38912,7 +39101,7 @@ @book{bib4360 year = {2002} } -@book{bib4361, +@book{bib4382, author = {Krisólogo B., Pedro J.}, publisher = {Centro de Lenguas Indıgenas, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Católica "Andres Bello"}, series = {Lenguas indıgenas de Venezuela}, @@ -38921,7 +39110,7 @@ @book{bib4361 year = {1976} } -@book{bib4362, +@book{bib4383, author = {Krivoruchko, Julia G.}, editor = {Benor, Sarah Bunin}, local_ids = {97283}, @@ -38931,7 +39120,7 @@ @book{bib4362 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4363, +@article{bib4384, author = {Kroch, A. and Gessain, Monique}, journal = {Bull. et mémoires de la Soc. d’Anthropologie de Paris}, pages = {97-114}, @@ -38940,7 +39129,7 @@ @article{bib4363 year = {1967} } -@article{bib4364, +@article{bib4385, author = {Kroeber, A. L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -38950,7 +39139,7 @@ @article{bib4364 year = {1958} } -@article{bib4365, +@article{bib4386, author = {Kroeber, A. L.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {1}, @@ -38960,7 +39149,7 @@ @article{bib4365 year = {1908} } -@article{bib4366, +@article{bib4387, author = {Kroeber, Alfred L.}, journal = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology}, number = {4}, @@ -38970,7 +39159,7 @@ @article{bib4366 year = {1915} } -@article{bib4367, +@article{bib4388, author = {Kroeber, Alfred L.}, journal = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology}, number = {2}, @@ -38980,7 +39169,7 @@ @article{bib4367 year = {1910} } -@book{bib4368, +@book{bib4389, author = {Kroeber, A. L.}, pages = {29-80}, series = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology}, @@ -38989,7 +39178,7 @@ @book{bib4368 year = {1000} } -@book{bib4369, +@book{bib4390, author = {Kroeber, A. L. and Grace, George William}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -38998,7 +39187,7 @@ @book{bib4369 year = {1960} } -@article{bib4370, +@article{bib4391, author = {Kroeber, A. L.}, journal = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology}, number = {5}, @@ -39010,7 +39199,7 @@ @article{bib4370 year = {1907} } -@book{bib4371, +@book{bib4392, author = {Kroeber, A. L.}, pages = {64-79}, publisher = {Anthropological Papers in Honor of Franz Boas New York: G. E. Steichert}, @@ -39018,7 +39207,7 @@ @book{bib4371 year = {1906} } -@book{bib4372, +@book{bib4393, author = {Kroeber, Alfred L.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {165-393}, @@ -39029,7 +39218,7 @@ @book{bib4372 year = {1907} } -@book{bib4373, +@book{bib4394, author = {Kronenberg, Andreas}, pages = {xiii, 160}, publisher = {Ferdinand Berger}, @@ -39038,7 +39227,7 @@ @book{bib4373 year = {1958} } -@article{bib4374, +@article{bib4395, author = {Kronenberg, Andreas}, journal = {Paideuma: Mitt. zur Kulturkunde}, pages = {122-129}, @@ -39047,14 +39236,14 @@ @article{bib4374 year = {1967} } -@book{bib4375, +@book{bib4396, author = {Kronenberg, Andreas}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, title = {Logik und Leben: kulturelle Relevanz der Didinga und Longarim}, year = {1972} } -@article{bib4376, +@article{bib4397, author = {Kronenberg, Andreas}, journal = {Kush}, pages = {258-277}, @@ -39063,28 +39252,28 @@ @article{bib4376 year = {1961} } -@book{bib4377, +@book{bib4398, author = {Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther}, publisher = {West African Linguistic Soc. (WALS); African Studies Centre (ASC)}, title = {West African language data sheets}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib4378, +@book{bib4399, author = {Kropp Dakubu, Mary Esther}, publisher = {West African Linguistic Soc. (WALS); Afrika-Studiecentrum (ASC)}, title = {West African language data sheets}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib4379, +@book{bib4400, author = {Kroskrity, Paul}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, title = {Language, history, and Identity: Ethnologic studies of the Arizona Tewa}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib4380, +@book{bib4401, author = {Krotkoff, Georg}, address = {New Haven}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -39096,7 +39285,7 @@ @book{bib4380 year = {1982} } -@article{bib4381, +@article{bib4402, author = {Krueger, John R.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -39106,14 +39295,14 @@ @article{bib4381 year = {1967} } -@book{bib4382, +@book{bib4403, author = {Krueger, John R.}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, title = {Tuvan Manual}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib4383, +@book{bib4404, author = {Krupa, Viktor}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -39122,7 +39311,7 @@ @book{bib4383 year = {1967} } -@article{bib4384, +@article{bib4405, author = {Krupnik, Igor}, journal = {Inuit Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -39132,7 +39321,7 @@ @article{bib4384 year = {1991} } -@book{bib4385, +@book{bib4406, author = {Kruppa, V.}, publisher = {Slovak Academy of Sciences}, series = {Asian and African Studies}, @@ -39141,7 +39330,7 @@ @book{bib4385 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4386, +@book{bib4407, author = {Kruspe, Nicole}, address = {Honolulu}, local_ids = {95400}, @@ -39151,13 +39340,13 @@ @book{bib4386 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib4387, +@misc{bib4408, author = {Kruspe, Nicole}, title = {A Grammar of Semelai}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib4388, +@book{bib4409, author = {Kruspe, Nicole D.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8932}, @@ -39167,7 +39356,7 @@ @book{bib4388 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib4389, +@incollection{bib4410, author = {Kruspe, Nicole}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, booktitle = {The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages}, @@ -39176,26 +39365,26 @@ @incollection{bib4389 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib4390, +@misc{bib4411, author = {Kruspe, Nicole D.}, title = {Semelai}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib4391, +@misc{bib4412, author = {Krute, Laurence Dana}, pages = {vii+323}, title = {Piaroa nominal morphosemantics}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib4392, +@misc{bib4413, author = {Krute, Laurence Dana}, title = {Piaroa Nominal Morphosemantics}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib4393, +@book{bib4414, author = {Krüger, Casper J.H. and Plessis, J.A. du}, address = {Wetenskaplike bydraes van die Potchefstroomse Univ. vir Christelike Hoër Onderwys, reeks A}, pages = {vii, 61}, @@ -39204,7 +39393,7 @@ @book{bib4393 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib4394, +@incollection{bib4415, author = {Kuhn, Hanna}, booktitle = {Discourse phonology Research papers of the Texas SIL at Dallas, #10}, pages = {29-52}, @@ -39213,7 +39402,7 @@ @incollection{bib4394 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib4395, +@incollection{bib4416, author = {Kuhn, Ernst}, booktitle = {Festschrift für Adolf Bastian zu seinem 70.~Geburtstage 26.~Juni 1896.~Gewidmet von seinen Freuden und Verehrern Berlin}, pages = {355-360}, @@ -39221,7 +39410,7 @@ @incollection{bib4395 year = {1896} } -@book{bib4396, +@book{bib4417, author = {Kuiper, F. B. J.}, address = {Amsterdam}, pages = {239-352}, @@ -39231,7 +39420,7 @@ @book{bib4396 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib4397, +@incollection{bib4418, author = {Kuiper, F. B. J.}, editor = {Zide, Norman H.}, booktitle = {Studies in Comparative Austroasiatic Linguistics}, @@ -39240,14 +39429,14 @@ @incollection{bib4397 year = {1966} } -@book{bib4398, +@book{bib4419, author = {Kuipers, Aert H.}, publisher = {The Peter De Ridder Press}, title = {A Classified English-Shuswap Word-list}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib4399, +@book{bib4420, author = {Kuipers, Aert H.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -39256,7 +39445,7 @@ @book{bib4399 year = {1974} } -@book{bib4400, +@book{bib4421, author = {Kuki, H.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -39265,7 +39454,7 @@ @book{bib4400 year = {1970} } -@misc{bib4401, +@misc{bib4422, author = {Kula, Nancy}, local_ids = {24548}, title = {"A preliminary documentation of Siluyana: comparing Mbowe and Mwenyi" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -39273,7 +39462,7 @@ @misc{bib4401 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib4402, +@incollection{bib4423, author = {Kulick, Don and Stroud, Christopher}, editor = {Tom Dutton, Malcolm Ross and Tryon, Darrell}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -39288,13 +39477,13 @@ @incollection{bib4402 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib4403, +@misc{bib4424, author = {Kum, Julius Nang}, title = {A sketch-phonology and step towards the standardization of Naki}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib4404, +@misc{bib4425, author = {Kumar, Pramod}, copied_from = {WALS}, institution = {Jawaharlal Nehru University}, @@ -39305,7 +39494,7 @@ @misc{bib4404 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib4405, +@incollection{bib4426, author = {Kumar, Satinder}, editor = {Kumar, Satinder}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia of South-Asian tribes}, @@ -39314,7 +39503,7 @@ @incollection{bib4405 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4406, +@incollection{bib4427, author = {Kumar, Satinder}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia of South-Asian tribes Anmol Publications}, pages = {3163-3165}, @@ -39322,7 +39511,7 @@ @incollection{bib4406 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4407, +@incollection{bib4428, author = {Kumar Nath, Palash}, editor = {Morey, Stephen and Post, Mark}, booktitle = {North East Indian linguistics}, @@ -39331,14 +39520,14 @@ @incollection{bib4407 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib4408, +@misc{bib4429, author = {Kung, Susan Smythe}, pages = {751}, title = {A descriptive grammar of Huehuetla Tepehua}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib4409, +@article{bib4430, author = {Kunkel, Janet and Cameron, Barbara}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -39349,7 +39538,7 @@ @article{bib4409 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4410, +@article{bib4431, author = {Räisänen, Anna-Kaisa and Kunnas, Niina}, journal = {Working Papers in European Language Diversity}, local_ids = {98651}, @@ -39359,7 +39548,7 @@ @article{bib4410 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4411, +@article{bib4432, author = {Kuntz, Lucía Iglesias}, journal = {The UNESCO Courier}, local_ids = {98846}, @@ -39370,7 +39559,7 @@ @article{bib4411 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4412, +@book{bib4433, author = {Kuper, Adam J.}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, series = {Studies in social and cultural anthropology, #2}, @@ -39378,7 +39567,7 @@ @book{bib4412 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib4413, +@incollection{bib4434, author = {Kuper, Adam J.}, editor = {Hitchcock, R. Renée and Smith, Mary R.}, booktitle = {Settlement in Botswana}, @@ -39387,7 +39576,7 @@ @incollection{bib4413 year = {1982} } -@article{bib4414, +@article{bib4435, author = {Kuper, Adam J.}, journal = {Botswana notes and records}, pages = {45ff}, @@ -39396,7 +39585,7 @@ @article{bib4414 year = {1970} } -@article{bib4415, +@article{bib4436, author = {Kuper, Adam J.}, journal = {Cahiers d’études africaines}, number = {34}, @@ -39406,7 +39595,7 @@ @article{bib4415 year = {1969} } -@book{bib4416, +@book{bib4437, author = {Kurath, William and Spicer, Edward H.}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, series = {University of Arizona Bulletin}, @@ -39415,7 +39604,7 @@ @book{bib4416 year = {1947} } -@article{bib4417, +@article{bib4438, author = {Kurylowicz, J.}, journal = {Slavia Orientalis}, pages = {71-77}, @@ -39424,7 +39613,7 @@ @article{bib4417 year = {1960} } -@book{bib4418, +@book{bib4439, author = {Kuschel, Rolf}, local_ids = {92100}, publisher = {Copenhagen}, @@ -39433,7 +39622,7 @@ @book{bib4418 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib4419, +@incollection{bib4440, author = {Kusters, Annelies}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -39445,19 +39634,19 @@ @incollection{bib4419 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib4420, +@misc{bib4441, author = {Kutsch Lojenga, Connie}, title = {Depressor consonants and rising tones in Yaka (C10)}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib4421, +@misc{bib4442, author = {Kutsch Lojenga, Connie}, title = {The noun class system of Yaka (C.10)}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib4422, +@book{bib4443, author = {Kutscher, Silvia and Mattissen, Johanna and Wodarg, Anke}, publisher = {Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität zu Köln}, series = {Arbeitspapiere}, @@ -39466,7 +39655,7 @@ @book{bib4422 year = {1995} } -@book{bib4423, +@book{bib4444, author = {Kutscher, Silvia}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in Caucasian Linguistics}, @@ -39475,7 +39664,7 @@ @book{bib4423 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4424, +@incollection{bib4445, author = {Kuular, Klara B.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -39484,7 +39673,7 @@ @incollection{bib4424 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib4425, +@incollection{bib4446, author = {Kuvare, Silas}, editor = {Sundermeier, Theo}, booktitle = {Die Mbanderu}, @@ -39493,13 +39682,13 @@ @incollection{bib4425 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib4426, +@misc{bib4447, author = {Kuwae, Kunio}, title = {Phonologie et morpho-syntaxe de la langue de Shuri (Okinawa)}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib4427, +@incollection{bib4448, author = {Kuz'menkov, E. A.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, tunguso-man'chzhurskie jazyki, japonskij jazyk, korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -39508,7 +39697,7 @@ @incollection{bib4427 year = {1997} } -@article{bib4428, +@article{bib4449, author = {Kyankenge, M. Kita}, journal = {Muntu: revue scientifique et culturelle du CICIBA (Centre International des Civilisations Bantu)}, pages = {85-100}, @@ -39517,7 +39706,7 @@ @article{bib4428 year = {1985} } -@article{bib4429, +@article{bib4450, author = {Kysela, Vladimiro}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {1}, @@ -39527,7 +39716,7 @@ @article{bib4429 year = {1931} } -@article{bib4430, +@article{bib4451, author = {Kähler, Hans}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {81-117, 182-210, 296-320}, @@ -39536,7 +39725,7 @@ @article{bib4430 year = {1940} } -@article{bib4431, +@article{bib4452, author = {Kähler, H.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {81-117, 182-210, 296-310}, @@ -39545,7 +39734,7 @@ @article{bib4431 year = {1940-1941} } -@book{bib4432, +@book{bib4453, author = {Kähler, Hans}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -39555,7 +39744,7 @@ @book{bib4432 year = {1960} } -@article{bib4433, +@article{bib4454, author = {Kähler-Meyer, Emmi}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {290-294}, @@ -39564,7 +39753,7 @@ @article{bib4433 year = {1954} } -@incollection{bib4434, +@incollection{bib4455, author = {Köhler, Oswin}, address = {Wiesbaden}, booktitle = {Forschungen zur allgemeinen und regionalen Geographie: Festschrift für Kurt Kayser zur Vollendung des 65. Lebensjahres Kölner Geographische Arbeiten}, @@ -39574,7 +39763,7 @@ @incollection{bib4434 year = {1971} } -@article{bib4435, +@article{bib4456, author = {Köhler, H.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {81-117}, @@ -39583,7 +39772,7 @@ @article{bib4435 year = {1939} } -@incollection{bib4436, +@incollection{bib4457, author = {Köhler, O.}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, address = {Paris}, @@ -39595,7 +39784,7 @@ @incollection{bib4436 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib4437, +@incollection{bib4458, author = {Köhler, Oswin}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, booktitle = {Les langues dans le monde anciennes et moderne, premiere partie: Les langues de l'Afrique Subsaharienne Les Langues dans le monde anciennes et monderne}, @@ -39606,7 +39795,7 @@ @incollection{bib4437 year = {1981} } -@article{bib4438, +@article{bib4459, author = {Köhler, Oswin Reinhold Albin}, journal = {Paideuma: Mitt. zur Kulturkunde}, pages = {162-199}, @@ -39615,7 +39804,7 @@ @article{bib4438 year = {1973/74} } -@article{bib4439, +@article{bib4460, author = {Köhler, O.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, number = {3}, @@ -39625,7 +39814,7 @@ @article{bib4439 year = {1963} } -@article{bib4440, +@article{bib4461, author = {Köhler, Axel}, journal = {Conservation and society}, number = {2}, @@ -39635,7 +39824,7 @@ @article{bib4440 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4441, +@book{bib4462, author = {Köler, Hermann}, pages = {iv, 182}, publisher = {Dietrische Univ.-Buchdruckerei}, @@ -39643,7 +39832,7 @@ @book{bib4441 year = {1848} } -@article{bib4442, +@article{bib4463, author = {Köler, Hermann}, journal = {Monatsbericht der Geographischen Gesellschaft der Berlin}, pages = {(?}, @@ -39652,7 +39841,7 @@ @article{bib4442 year = {1843} } -@incollection{bib4443, +@incollection{bib4464, author = {König, Christa}, editor = {Hieda, Osamu and König, Christa and Nakagawa, Hirosi}, address = {Amsterdam & Philadelphia}, @@ -39666,7 +39855,7 @@ @incollection{bib4443 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4444, +@article{bib4465, author = {König, Christa}, journal = {Studies in language}, number = {4}, @@ -39676,7 +39865,7 @@ @article{bib4444 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4445, +@book{bib4466, author = {Jakobi, Angelika and Kümmerle, Tanja}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -39686,7 +39875,7 @@ @book{bib4445 year = {1993} } -@book{bib4446, +@book{bib4467, author = {Künnap, Ago}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -39696,7 +39885,7 @@ @book{bib4446 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4447, +@article{bib4468, author = {Künne, Karl}, journal = {Globus}, pages = {219-220}, @@ -39705,7 +39894,7 @@ @article{bib4447 year = {1893} } -@phdthesis{bib4448, +@phdthesis{bib4469, author = {Kẽdrebéogo, Gérard}, local_ids = {93860}, school = {University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign}, @@ -39713,7 +39902,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4448 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib4449, +@incollection{bib4470, author = {L-Thongkum, Theraphan}, editor = {Tingsabadh, M.R. Kalaya and Abramson, Arthur S.}, booktitle = {Essays in Tai linguistics}, @@ -39722,7 +39911,7 @@ @incollection{bib4449 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4450, +@incollection{bib4471, author = {L.N. Kharitonov, et al.}, booktitle = {Grammatika sovremennogo yakutskogo literaturnogo yazyka}, local_ids = {99473}, @@ -39732,21 +39921,21 @@ @incollection{bib4450 year = {1982} } -@book{bib4451, +@book{bib4472, author = {La Flesche, Francis}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, title = {A Dictionary of the Osage Language}, year = {1932} } -@book{bib4452, +@book{bib4473, author = {Tourneux, Henry and Seignobos, Christian and LaFarge, Francine}, publisher = {Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France}, title = {Les Mbara et leur langue (Tchad)}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib4453, +@incollection{bib4474, author = {LaPena, Frank R.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -39757,7 +39946,7 @@ @incollection{bib4453 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib4454, +@incollection{bib4475, author = {LaPolla, Randy J.}, editor = {Thurgood, G. and LaPolla, R. J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -39766,7 +39955,7 @@ @incollection{bib4454 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib4455, +@incollection{bib4476, author = {LaPolla, Randy J.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -39775,14 +39964,14 @@ @incollection{bib4455 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4456, +@book{bib4477, author = {Laanest, Arvo}, publisher = {Buske}, title = {Einführung in die ostseefinnischen Sprachen}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib4457, +@book{bib4478, author = {Labaka, Alejandro}, address = {Vicariato Apostolico de Aguarico, Ecuador}, publisher = {CICAME}, @@ -39790,7 +39979,7 @@ @book{bib4457 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib4458, +@misc{bib4479, author = {Labrada, Jorge E. Rosés}, local_ids = {99155}, school = {University of Western Ontario}, @@ -39799,13 +39988,13 @@ @misc{bib4458 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib4459, +@misc{bib4480, author = {Lachler, Jordan}, title = {A Grammar of Laguna Keres}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib4460, +@article{bib4481, author = {Lacroix, P. F.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, number = {2}, @@ -39815,7 +40004,7 @@ @article{bib4460 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib4461, +@incollection{bib4482, author = {Lacroix, René}, editor = {Khan, Geoffrey Haig; Geoffrey}, booktitle = {The Languages and Linguistics of Western Asia: An Areal Perspective}, @@ -39829,7 +40018,7 @@ @incollection{bib4461 year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib4462, +@incollection{bib4483, author = {Ladd, Edmund J.}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -39840,7 +40029,7 @@ @incollection{bib4462 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib4463, +@incollection{bib4484, author = {Ladd, Edmund J.}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -39851,7 +40040,7 @@ @incollection{bib4463 year = {1979} } -@article{bib4464, +@article{bib4485, author = {Ladefoged, Peter and Traill, Anthony}, journal = {Language}, pages = {1-20}, @@ -39860,7 +40049,7 @@ @article{bib4464 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4465, +@article{bib4486, author = {Duitsman, J. and Bertkau, J. and Laesch, J.}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -39870,7 +40059,7 @@ @article{bib4465 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib4466, +@incollection{bib4487, author = {Lafage, P.}, editor = {Barreteau, Daniel}, booktitle = {Inventaire des études linguistiques sur les pays d'Afrique noire d'expression française et sur Madagascar}, @@ -39879,13 +40068,13 @@ @incollection{bib4466 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib4467, +@misc{bib4488, author = {Lafarge, F.}, title = {Étude phonologique des parlers kosop (Kim) et gerep (Djouman): Groupe Kim (Adamawa) -- Mayo Kebbi -- Tchad}, year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib4468, +@incollection{bib4489, author = {Lafarge, F.}, editor = {Caprile, J.-P.}, booktitle = {Études phonologiques tchadiennes}, @@ -39894,7 +40083,7 @@ @incollection{bib4468 year = {1977} } -@book{bib4469, +@book{bib4490, author = {Lafon, Michel}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Éditions l'Harmattan}, @@ -39902,7 +40091,7 @@ @book{bib4469 year = {1991} } -@article{bib4470, +@article{bib4491, author = {Lafone Quevedo, Samuel A.}, journal = {Revista Museo de la Plata}, pages = {369-432}, @@ -39911,7 +40100,7 @@ @article{bib4470 year = {1892} } -@book{bib4471, +@book{bib4492, author = {Lafone Quevedo, S. A.}, pages = {331-337}, publisher = {Érnest Leroux}, @@ -39919,7 +40108,7 @@ @book{bib4471 year = {1902} } -@article{bib4472, +@article{bib4493, author = {Lafone Quevedo, Samuel A.}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto Geográfico Argentino}, pages = {121-176}, @@ -39928,7 +40117,7 @@ @article{bib4472 year = {1896} } -@article{bib4473, +@article{bib4494, author = {Lafone Quevedo, Samuel A.}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto Geográfico Argentino}, pages = {331-362}, @@ -39937,7 +40126,7 @@ @article{bib4473 year = {1896} } -@phdthesis{bib4474, +@phdthesis{bib4495, author = {Lahaussois, Aimée}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8137}, @@ -39947,7 +40136,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4474 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4475, +@article{bib4496, author = {Lahaussois, Aimée}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Archive}, @@ -39959,7 +40148,7 @@ @article{bib4475 year = {2009} } -@article{bib4476, +@article{bib4497, author = {Lahaussois, A.}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Archive 1}, pages = {1-25}, @@ -39968,7 +40157,7 @@ @article{bib4476 year = {2003} } -@article{bib4477, +@article{bib4498, author = {Lahiri, Bornini}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99693}, @@ -39979,13 +40168,13 @@ @article{bib4477 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib4478, +@misc{bib4499, author = {Lai, I-Wen}, title = {Time in the Iquito Language}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib4479, +@article{bib4500, author = {Lal, Parmanand}, journal = {Bulletin of the anthropological survey of India}, pages = {247-254}, @@ -39994,7 +40183,7 @@ @article{bib4479 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib4480, +@incollection{bib4501, author = {Lalremzani., C.}, editor = {War and J. and Singh, S. K. and Lyngdoh, S. A. and and Khyriem, B.}, booktitle = {Tibeto-Burman Linguistics of North-East India}, @@ -40002,7 +40191,7 @@ @incollection{bib4480 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4481, +@book{bib4502, author = {Hari, Anna Maria and Lama, Chhegu}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {Central Department of Linguistics, Tribhuvan University}, @@ -40011,7 +40200,7 @@ @book{bib4481 year = {2004} } -@book{bib4482, +@book{bib4503, author = {Lamal, F.}, address = {Belgique}, publisher = {Tervuren}, @@ -40021,7 +40210,7 @@ @book{bib4482 year = {1965} } -@book{bib4483, +@book{bib4504, author = {Lamb, William}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -40031,7 +40220,7 @@ @book{bib4483 year = {2001} } -@book{bib4484, +@book{bib4505, author = {Lamberti, Marcello}, address = {Heidelberg}, publisher = {Universitätsverlag C. Winter}, @@ -40041,7 +40230,7 @@ @book{bib4484 year = {1993} } -@article{bib4485, +@article{bib4506, author = {Lamberti, Marcello}, journal = {Studi Italiani di Linguistica Teorica e Applicata}, pages = {39-87}, @@ -40050,7 +40239,7 @@ @article{bib4485 year = {1993} } -@book{bib4486, +@book{bib4507, author = {Lamberty, Melinda}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {58316}, @@ -40061,20 +40250,20 @@ @book{bib4486 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib4487, +@misc{bib4508, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, title = {La langue des Andoke}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib4488, +@book{bib4509, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, publisher = {Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France}, title = {La langue des andoke (Amazonie colombienne) Grammaire}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib4489, +@book{bib4510, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, @@ -40084,7 +40273,7 @@ @book{bib4489 year = {1979} } -@article{bib4490, +@article{bib4511, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {1-30}, @@ -40093,7 +40282,7 @@ @article{bib4490 year = {1992} } -@article{bib4491, +@article{bib4512, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {1-27}, @@ -40102,7 +40291,7 @@ @article{bib4491 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4492, +@incollection{bib4513, author = {Landaburu, J.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -40111,7 +40300,7 @@ @incollection{bib4492 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4493, +@incollection{bib4514, author = {Landaburu, Jon}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -40120,7 +40309,7 @@ @incollection{bib4493 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4494, +@book{bib4515, author = {Landar, Herbert Jay}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, series = {Language Dissertation}, @@ -40129,14 +40318,14 @@ @book{bib4494 year = {1963} } -@book{bib4495, +@book{bib4516, author = {Landi, Victor}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {The Meyors and their language}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4496, +@incollection{bib4517, author = {Glover, Warren W. and Landon, John K.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in South-East Asian linguistics No.~7 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -40147,7 +40336,7 @@ @incollection{bib4496 year = {1980} } -@article{bib4497, +@article{bib4518, author = {Landweer, M. Lynn}, editor = {Ostler, Nicholas}, address = {Bath}, @@ -40161,7 +40350,7 @@ @article{bib4497 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib4498, +@incollection{bib4519, author = {Landweer, M. Lynn}, editor = {Kenneth A. McElhanon, Ger Reesink}, address = {Dallas, TX}, @@ -40176,7 +40365,7 @@ @incollection{bib4498 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib4499, +@incollection{bib4520, author = {Lane, Karen}, editor = {Hobson, John; Kevin Lowe; Susan Poetsch; and Walsh, Michael}, address = {Sydney}, @@ -40189,7 +40378,7 @@ @incollection{bib4499 year = {2010} } -@article{bib4500, +@article{bib4521, author = {Lane, Sari Pietikäinen; Leena Huss; Sirkka Laihiala-Kankainen; Ulla Aikio- Puoskari; Pia}, isbn = {ISSN: 0800-3831}, journal = {Acta Borealia}, @@ -40203,14 +40392,14 @@ @article{bib4500 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4501, +@book{bib4522, author = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Non-distinct arguments in Uto-Aztecan}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib4502, +@book{bib4523, author = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {An overview of Uto-Aztecan grammar}, @@ -40219,7 +40408,7 @@ @book{bib4502 year = {1977} } -@book{bib4503, +@book{bib4524, author = {Langdon, Margaret}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -40229,7 +40418,7 @@ @book{bib4503 year = {1970} } -@book{bib4504, +@book{bib4525, author = {Couro, Ted and Langdon, Margaret}, address = {Ramona, California}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press, Morongo Indian Reservation, Banning, California/Ballena Press}, @@ -40237,20 +40426,20 @@ @book{bib4504 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib4505, +@misc{bib4526, author = {Langdon, Esther Jean}, local_ids = {99544}, title = {Personal communication regarding Bain Coca}, year = {2021} } -@misc{bib4506, +@misc{bib4527, author = {Lange, Ron A.}, title = {Grammaticalization in Nawuri}, year = {1996} } -@misc{bib4507, +@misc{bib4528, author = {Langley, Linda}, local_ids = {2285}, title = {"Kowasa:ton il:halas -- Let Us Hear Koasati: A Filmic Documentation Project of Koasati" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -40258,7 +40447,7 @@ @misc{bib4507 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4508, +@book{bib4529, author = {Langlois, Annie}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xiv+253}, @@ -40269,14 +40458,14 @@ @book{bib4508 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib4509, +@misc{bib4530, author = {for Japanese Language, National Institute and Linguistics}, title = {A Topical Dictionary of Conversational Ainu.}, url = {http://ainutopic.ninjal.ac.jp/}, year = {2015} } -@misc{bib4510, +@misc{bib4531, author = {for Endangered Languages, Living Tongues Institute}, institution = {Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages}, local_ids = {98098}, @@ -40285,7 +40474,7 @@ @misc{bib4510 year = {2014} } -@article{bib4511, +@article{bib4532, author = {Lansing, J. Stephen}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, local_ids = {95520}, @@ -40295,7 +40484,7 @@ @article{bib4511 volume = {104} } -@article{bib4512, +@article{bib4533, author = {Lanyon-Orgill, Peter A.}, journal = {Journal of Austronesian Studies}, pages = {5-32}, @@ -40304,7 +40493,7 @@ @article{bib4512 year = {1961} } -@book{bib4513, +@book{bib4534, author = {Laoust, Émile}, publisher = {Ernest Laroux}, series = {Publications de l'Institut des Hautes-Études Marocaines}, @@ -40313,7 +40502,7 @@ @book{bib4513 year = {1931} } -@book{bib4514, +@book{bib4535, author = {Lapenda, G.}, address = {Recife}, publisher = {Editora Universitária da UFPE}, @@ -40321,7 +40510,7 @@ @book{bib4514 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4515, +@book{bib4536, author = {Lapenda, Geraldo}, address = {Recife}, publisher = {Universidade Federal de Pernambuco}, @@ -40329,7 +40518,7 @@ @book{bib4515 year = {1968} } -@article{bib4516, +@article{bib4537, author = {Lapenda, Geraldo Calábria}, journal = {Arquivos}, pages = {54-72}, @@ -40338,7 +40527,7 @@ @article{bib4516 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib4517, +@incollection{bib4538, author = {Mosonyi, Emilio Esteban and Mosonyi, Jorge C. and Largo, Águeda}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -40349,7 +40538,7 @@ @incollection{bib4517 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib4518, +@incollection{bib4539, author = {Larish, Michael D.}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -40360,14 +40549,14 @@ @incollection{bib4518 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib4519, +@misc{bib4540, author = {Larish, Michael David}, pages = {1199}, title = {The Position of Moken and Moklen Within the Austronesian Language Family (Thailand)}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib4520, +@incollection{bib4541, author = {Larsen, Thomas W.}, address = {Berkeley}, booktitle = {Studies in Mesoamerican linguistics Survey of California and other Indian Languages}, @@ -40378,7 +40567,7 @@ @incollection{bib4520 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib4521, +@incollection{bib4542, author = {Larsen, Mildred L.}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola G.}, booktitle = {Studies in Peruvian Indian languages 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -40389,7 +40578,7 @@ @incollection{bib4521 year = {1963} } -@article{bib4522, +@article{bib4543, author = {Larson, Gordon F. and Larson, Milfred O.}, journal = {Irian}, number = {3}, @@ -40399,20 +40588,20 @@ @article{bib4522 year = {1972} } -@book{bib4523, +@book{bib4544, author = {Larson, Mildred}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Aguaruna de Amazonas}, year = {1966} } -@misc{bib4524, +@misc{bib4545, author = {Laskowske, Tom}, title = {The Seko Languages of South Sulawesi: a Reconstruction}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4525, +@incollection{bib4546, author = {Last, Marco and Lucassen, Deborah}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and Last, Marco}, booktitle = {Surmic Languages and Cultures}, @@ -40421,14 +40610,14 @@ @incollection{bib4525 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4526, +@book{bib4547, author = {Lastra, Yolanda}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Cochabamba Quechua Syntax}, year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib4527, +@incollection{bib4548, author = {Cuarón, Beatriz Garza and Lastra, Yolanda}, editor = {Robins, R. H. and Uhlenbeck, E. M.}, address = {New York}, @@ -40441,7 +40630,7 @@ @incollection{bib4527 year = {1991} } -@book{bib4528, +@book{bib4549, author = {Lastra, Yolanda}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -40450,7 +40639,7 @@ @book{bib4528 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4529, +@book{bib4550, author = {Lastra, Yolanda}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -40459,7 +40648,7 @@ @book{bib4529 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4530, +@book{bib4551, author = {Sola, Donald F. and Lastra, Yolanda}, address = {Ithaca, New York}, pages = {112}, @@ -40468,7 +40657,7 @@ @book{bib4530 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib4531, +@incollection{bib4552, author = {Lastra de Suarez, Yolanda}, editor = {Edmonson, Munro S.}, booktitle = {Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Languages: Linguistics}, @@ -40477,7 +40666,7 @@ @incollection{bib4531 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4532, +@article{bib4553, author = {Latham, R. G.}, journal = {Journal of the Ethnological Society of London}, pages = {154-166}, @@ -40486,7 +40675,7 @@ @article{bib4532 year = {1848} } -@article{bib4533, +@article{bib4554, author = {Laufer, Carl}, journal = {Jahrbuch des Museums für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig}, pages = {7-25}, @@ -40495,7 +40684,7 @@ @article{bib4533 year = {1966} } -@article{bib4534, +@article{bib4555, author = {Laufer, Carl P.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {627-640}, @@ -40504,7 +40693,7 @@ @article{bib4534 year = {1951} } -@book{bib4535, +@book{bib4556, author = {Launey, Michael}, publisher = {IRD}, series = {Didactiques}, @@ -40512,14 +40701,14 @@ @book{bib4535 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4536, +@book{bib4557, author = {Lausberg, Heinrich}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, title = {Romanische Sprachwissenschaft 3}, year = {1972} } -@article{bib4537, +@article{bib4558, author = {Lawa, Yulha}, journal = {Language Documentation & Description}, local_ids = {99704}, @@ -40530,7 +40719,7 @@ @article{bib4537 year = {2021} } -@incollection{bib4538, +@incollection{bib4559, author = {Lawrence, Wayne P.}, editor = {Tranter, Nicolas}, booktitle = {The Languages of Japan and Korea}, @@ -40539,7 +40728,7 @@ @incollection{bib4538 year = {2012} } -@book{bib4539, +@book{bib4560, author = {Reid, Lawrence A and with Isinay speakers from Dupax del Sur, Analyn V. Salvador-Amores and Aritao and and Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya}, address = {Baguio}, local_ids = {99068}, @@ -40548,14 +40737,14 @@ @book{bib4539 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib4540, +@misc{bib4561, author = {Lawyer, Lewis C.}, title = {Bibliography for the Patwin language}, url = {http://linguistics.ucdavis.edu/People/lclawyer/patwin-bibliography.pdf}, year = {2015} } -@article{bib4541, +@article{bib4562, author = {Lawyer, Lewis C}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -40565,7 +40754,7 @@ @article{bib4541 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib4542, +@incollection{bib4563, author = {Laycock, Don}, editor = {Wurm, S. A. and Carrington, Lois}, booktitle = {Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings. Fascicle 1: Western Austronesian Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -40576,7 +40765,7 @@ @incollection{bib4542 year = {1978} } -@article{bib4543, +@article{bib4564, author = {Laycock, Donald C.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {98993}, @@ -40586,7 +40775,7 @@ @article{bib4543 year = {1968} } -@article{bib4544, +@article{bib4565, author = {Laycock, Don}, journal = {Irian}, number = {2}, @@ -40596,7 +40785,7 @@ @article{bib4544 year = {1972} } -@book{bib4545, +@book{bib4566, author = {Laycock, Donald C.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -40608,7 +40797,7 @@ @book{bib4545 year = {1973} } -@article{bib4546, +@article{bib4567, author = {Laycock, Don}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {245-277}, @@ -40617,7 +40806,7 @@ @article{bib4546 year = {1974} } -@book{bib4547, +@book{bib4568, author = {Laycock, Donald C.}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xi+224}, @@ -40628,7 +40817,7 @@ @book{bib4547 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib4548, +@incollection{bib4569, author = {Laycock, D. C. and Z'graggen, John A.}, editor = {Wurm, S.A.}, booktitle = {Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1}, @@ -40642,7 +40831,7 @@ @incollection{bib4548 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib4549, +@incollection{bib4570, author = {Laycock, D.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 4 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {71-97}, @@ -40652,7 +40841,7 @@ @incollection{bib4549 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib4550, +@incollection{bib4571, author = {Lazard, Gilbert}, editor = {Amin, D. and Kasheff, M. and Shahbazi, A. Sh.}, booktitle = {Iranica varia: papers in honor of Professor Ehsan Yarshater}, @@ -40663,7 +40852,7 @@ @incollection{bib4550 year = {1990} } -@article{bib4551, +@article{bib4572, author = {Le Nevez, Adam}, journal = {Linguistic Minorities in Europe Online. De Gruyter Mouton}, title = {The social practice of Breton: an epistemological challenge}, @@ -40672,7 +40861,7 @@ @article{bib4551 year = {2020} } -@book{bib4552, +@book{bib4573, author = {Roux, C. C. F. M. Le}, pages = {776-913}, publisher = {E. J. Brill}, @@ -40680,27 +40869,27 @@ @book{bib4552 year = {1950} } -@book{bib4553, +@book{bib4574, author = {LeSourd, Philip S.}, publisher = {Garland}, title = {Accent and Syllable Structure in Passamaquoddy}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib4554, +@book{bib4575, author = {Leach, Ilo M.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Ocaina}, year = {1969} } -@misc{bib4555, +@misc{bib4576, author = {Leap, W. L.}, title = {The language of Isleta, New Mexico}, year = {1970} } -@article{bib4556, +@article{bib4577, author = {Leap, William L.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {7}, @@ -40710,7 +40899,7 @@ @article{bib4556 year = {1971} } -@book{bib4557, +@book{bib4578, author = {Leavitt, Robert M.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -40720,14 +40909,14 @@ @book{bib4557 year = {1996} } -@book{bib4558, +@book{bib4579, author = {Leavitt, Robert M. and Francis, David A.}, publisher = {Passamaquoddy-Maliseet Bilingual Program}, title = {Philip S. LeSourd's English and Passamaquoddy-Maliseet Dictionary}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib4559, +@article{bib4580, author = {Lebeuf, Jean-Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Africanistes}, pages = {33-60}, @@ -40736,7 +40925,7 @@ @article{bib4559 year = {1941} } -@article{bib4560, +@article{bib4581, author = {Lebeuf, Jean-Peal}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire}, pages = {160-174}, @@ -40745,13 +40934,13 @@ @article{bib4560 year = {1942} } -@misc{bib4561, +@misc{bib4582, author = {Im, Youn-Shim and Lebold, Randy}, title = {Draft Survey Report on the Usku Language of Papua}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib4562, +@book{bib4583, author = {Lebold, Randy; Ron Kriens; and de Vries, Peter Jan}, local_ids = {98687}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -40761,7 +40950,7 @@ @book{bib4562 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4563, +@book{bib4584, author = {Adam, Lucien and Leclerc, C.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -40771,7 +40960,7 @@ @book{bib4563 year = {1880} } -@book{bib4564, +@book{bib4585, author = {Lecoq, P.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -40783,7 +40972,7 @@ @book{bib4564 year = {1979} } -@phdthesis{bib4565, +@phdthesis{bib4586, author = {Lee, Nala Huiying}, institution = {Department of Linguistics}, local_ids = {96340}, @@ -40792,26 +40981,26 @@ @phdthesis{bib4565 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib4566, +@misc{bib4587, author = {Lee, Jennifer R.}, title = {Changes in the roundedness feature in Tiwi}, year = {1984} } -@misc{bib4567, +@misc{bib4588, author = {Lee, Myung Young}, title = {Draft Survey Report on the Namla Language of Papua}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib4568, +@book{bib4589, author = {Lee, Kee-dong}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Kusaiean-English Dictionary}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib4569, +@book{bib4590, author = {Lee, Kee-Dong}, address = {Honolulu}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, @@ -40820,20 +41009,20 @@ @book{bib4569 year = {1975} } -@book{bib4570, +@book{bib4591, author = {Lee, Jennifer R.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Ngawurranungurumagi Ngininingawila Ngapangiraga. Tiwi-English Dictionary}, year = {1993} } -@misc{bib4571, +@misc{bib4592, author = {Lee, Richard Henry Crispin}, title = {The Phonology of Orowé: A New Caledonian Language}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib4572, +@incollection{bib4593, author = {Lee, Jennifer R.}, editor = {Ray, Michael J.}, booktitle = {Aboriginal language use in the Northern Territory: 5 reports}, @@ -40842,14 +41031,14 @@ @incollection{bib4572 year = {1988} } -@book{bib4573, +@book{bib4594, author = {Lee, Jennifer R.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, title = {Tiwi Today: a study of language change in a contact situation}, year = {1983} } -@article{bib4574, +@article{bib4595, author = {Lee, Jennifer}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics: Series C}, title = {Tiwi Today: A Study of Language Change in a Contact Situation}, @@ -40857,7 +41046,7 @@ @article{bib4574 year = {1987} } -@phdthesis{bib4575, +@phdthesis{bib4596, author = {Leeding, Velma J}, copied_from = {WALS}, local_ids = {19700}, @@ -40866,7 +41055,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4575 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib4576, +@incollection{bib4597, author = {Leeds, Anthony}, booktitle = {Actas y Memorias del XXXV Congreso Internacional de Americanistas México}, pages = {157-175}, @@ -40874,7 +41063,7 @@ @incollection{bib4576 year = {1964} } -@book{bib4577, +@book{bib4598, author = {Leer, Jeff}, address = {Fairbanks}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska}, @@ -40882,20 +41071,20 @@ @book{bib4577 year = {1990} } -@book{bib4578, +@book{bib4599, author = {Leer, Jeff}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Conversational Alutiiq Dictionary Kenai Peninsula Alutiiq}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib4579, +@misc{bib4600, author = {Leer, Jeff}, title = {Issues in Tanacross orthography}, url = {http://www.uaf.edu/anla/item.xml?id=TC974L1982b} } -@incollection{bib4580, +@incollection{bib4601, author = {Leer, Jeff}, editor = {Krauss, Michael}, booktitle = {Yupik Eskimo Prosodic systems: Descriptive and Comparative Studies}, @@ -40904,13 +41093,13 @@ @incollection{bib4580 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib4581, +@misc{bib4602, author = {Leer, Jeffry A.}, title = {The schetic categories of the Tlingit verb}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib4582, +@incollection{bib4603, author = {Leer, Jeff}, editor = {Baldi, Philip}, booktitle = {Linguistic change and reconstruction methodology Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs}, @@ -40921,7 +41110,7 @@ @incollection{bib4582 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib4583, +@incollection{bib4604, author = {Leer, Jeff}, editor = {Krauss, Michael}, booktitle = {Yupik Eskimo Prosodic systems: Descriptive and Comparative Studies}, @@ -40930,7 +41119,7 @@ @incollection{bib4583 year = {1985} } -@book{bib4584, +@book{bib4605, author = {Legoff, Laurent}, address = {Montreal}, publisher = {[No Publisher]}, @@ -40938,7 +41127,7 @@ @book{bib4584 year = {1889} } -@article{bib4585, +@article{bib4606, author = {Legère, Karsten}, editor = {Payne, Doris L. and Peña, Jaime}, address = {Somerville}, @@ -40951,7 +41140,7 @@ @article{bib4585 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4586, +@book{bib4607, author = {Lehman, F. K.}, address = {University of Illinois}, publisher = {Publications of the Department of Linguistic}, @@ -40960,14 +41149,14 @@ @book{bib4586 year = {1970} } -@book{bib4587, +@book{bib4608, author = {Lehmann, W.}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, title = {Zentral Amerika. Teil 1: Die Sprachen Zentral-Amerikas}, year = {1920} } -@book{bib4588, +@book{bib4609, author = {Lehmann-Nitsche, R.}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Imprenta y Casa Editora guillemotleftConiguillemotright}, @@ -40975,7 +41164,7 @@ @book{bib4588 year = {1922} } -@article{bib4589, +@article{bib4610, author = {Lehmann-Nitsche, Robert}, journal = {Revista del Museo de La Plata}, pages = {10-85}, @@ -40984,14 +41173,14 @@ @article{bib4589 year = {1922} } -@book{bib4590, +@book{bib4611, author = {Lehr-Splawinski, T.}, publisher = {Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci}, title = {Ze studiów nad akcentem slowianskim}, year = {1917} } -@incollection{bib4591, +@incollection{bib4612, author = {Leitch, Miles}, editor = {Kahrel, Peter and Berg, René Van Den}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation}, @@ -41000,7 +41189,7 @@ @incollection{bib4591 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib4592, +@incollection{bib4613, author = {Leitch, Myles}, editor = {Nurse, Derek and Philippson, Gérard}, booktitle = {The Bantu Languages}, @@ -41012,7 +41201,7 @@ @incollection{bib4592 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib4593, +@incollection{bib4614, author = {Leite, França}, editor = {Moraes Filho, Mello}, booktitle = {Revista da exposição anthropologica Brazileira}, @@ -41021,7 +41210,7 @@ @incollection{bib4593 year = {1882} } -@incollection{bib4594, +@incollection{bib4615, author = {Lemle, Miriam}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, David}, booktitle = {Tupi studies I Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -41032,7 +41221,7 @@ @incollection{bib4594 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib4595, +@misc{bib4616, author = {Sell, Lena and Terhart, Lena and Danielsen, Swintha}, howpublished = {Website: http://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/events/2016/06/ethnobiology-and-classifying-in-bolivian-endangered-languages}, institution = {University of Leipzig, GIZAC documentation project}, @@ -41041,34 +41230,34 @@ @misc{bib4595 url = {http://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/events/2016/06/ethnobiology-and-classifying-in-bolivian-endangered-languages} } -@book{bib4596, +@book{bib4617, author = {Lenkersdorf, Carlos}, publisher = {Distribución por Editorial Nuestro Tiempo}, title = {B'omak'umal Kastiya-Tojol Ab'al. Volume 2: Diccionario español - tojolabal}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib4597, +@book{bib4618, author = {Lenkersdorf, Carlos}, publisher = {Distribución por Editorial Nuestro Tiempo}, title = {B'omak'umal Tojol Ab'al - Kastiya. Volume 1: Diccionario tojolabal -español}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib4598, +@book{bib4619, author = {Lenkersdorf, Larlos}, publisher = {Centro de Reflexión Teológica}, title = {Tojolabal para principiantes}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib4599, +@misc{bib4620, author = {Leonhardt, A.}, title = {The Culture of Development in Bakaland; The Apparatus of Development in Relation to Baka Hunter Gatherers}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib4600, +@incollection{bib4621, author = {Leshchiner, Dmitry}, editor = {Shevoroshkin, Vitaly}, booktitle = {Nostratic, Dene-Caucasian, Austric and Amerind materials from the First Internatianal Interdisciplinary Symposium on Language and Prehistory, Ann Arbor, 8-12 November, 1988}, @@ -41077,7 +41266,7 @@ @incollection{bib4600 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib4601, +@incollection{bib4622, author = {Leskinen, H.}, editor = {Hajdú, P. and Honti, L.}, booktitle = {Studien zur phonologischen Beschreibung uralischer Sprachen}, @@ -41086,14 +41275,14 @@ @incollection{bib4601 year = {1984} } -@book{bib4602, +@book{bib4623, author = {Leslau, Wolf}, publisher = {C. Klincksieck}, title = {Lexique soqotri (sudarabique moderne) avec comparaisons et explications étymologiques}, year = {1938} } -@article{bib4603, +@article{bib4624, author = {Leslau, Wolf}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, number = {1}, @@ -41103,7 +41292,7 @@ @article{bib4603 year = {1943} } -@article{bib4604, +@article{bib4625, author = {Leslau, Wolf}, journal = {Ethiopia observer}, pages = {116-121}, @@ -41112,7 +41301,7 @@ @article{bib4604 year = {1959} } -@book{bib4605, +@book{bib4626, author = {Leslau, Wolf}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -41122,7 +41311,7 @@ @book{bib4605 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4606, +@article{bib4627, author = {Lesson, P.-A.}, journal = {Revue d'Anthropologie}, pages = {252-272}, @@ -41131,7 +41320,7 @@ @article{bib4606 year = {1876} } -@book{bib4607, +@book{bib4628, author = {Letouzey, R.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Centre National de la Récherche Sciéntifique}, @@ -41141,13 +41330,13 @@ @book{bib4607 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib4608, +@misc{bib4629, author = {Levin, Norman Balfour}, title = {The Assiniboine Language}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib4609, +@book{bib4630, author = {Levin, Norman Balfour}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, series = {Publications Indiana University Research Center in Anthropology, FOlklore and Linguistics}, @@ -41156,7 +41345,16 @@ @book{bib4609 year = {1964} } -@book{bib4610, +@incollection{bib4631, + author = {Levine, Robert D.}, + editor = {Cook, Eung-Do and Gerdts, Donna B.}, + booktitle = {The syntax of Native American languages}, + pages = {215-245}, + title = {Empty categories, rules of grammar, and Kwakwala complementation}, + year = {1984} +} + +@book{bib4632, author = {Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, publisher = {Mouton}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -41165,14 +41363,14 @@ @book{bib4610 year = {1976} } -@book{bib4611, +@book{bib4633, author = {Levy, Catherine}, publisher = {Univ. libre de Bruxelles}, title = {A tentative description of Awar phonology and morphology: lower Ramu family, Papua-New Guinea}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib4612, +@incollection{bib4634, author = {Levy, Richard}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -41183,7 +41381,7 @@ @incollection{bib4612 year = {1978} } -@book{bib4613, +@book{bib4635, author = {Levy, Paulette}, pages = {170}, publisher = {El Colégio de México}, @@ -41192,7 +41390,7 @@ @book{bib4613 year = {1990} } -@book{bib4614, +@book{bib4636, author = {Levy Podolsky, Paulette}, publisher = {El Colégio de Mexico}, series = {Archivo de lenguas indıgenas de Mexico}, @@ -41201,14 +41399,14 @@ @book{bib4614 year = {1990} } -@book{bib4615, +@book{bib4637, author = {Lewis, Henry and Pedersen, Holger}, publisher = {Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht}, title = {A concise comparative Celtic grammar}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib4616, +@book{bib4638, author = {Lewis, Scott}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {59752}, @@ -41221,7 +41419,7 @@ @book{bib4616 year = {2003} } -@article{bib4617, +@article{bib4639, author = {Fleming, Harold and Lewis, Herbert}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, pages = {1133-1134}, @@ -41230,7 +41428,7 @@ @article{bib4617 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib4618, +@misc{bib4640, author = {Leyew, Zelealem}, howpublished = {Endangered Language Fund grant abstract}, local_ids = {88201}, @@ -41239,7 +41437,7 @@ @misc{bib4618 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4619, +@book{bib4641, author = {Leyew, Zelealem}, address = {Köln}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -41251,7 +41449,7 @@ @book{bib4619 year = {2003} } -@article{bib4620, +@article{bib4642, author = {Li, Jinfang 李錦芳 and 艾杰瑞, Jerold A. Edmondson}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {3}, @@ -41261,14 +41459,14 @@ @article{bib4620 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4621, +@book{bib4643, author = {Li and 李霞, Xia and 李錦芳, Jinfang Li and and 羅永現, Yongxian Luo}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, title = {A grammar of Zoulei, Southwest China}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib4622, +@article{bib4644, author = {Li, Fang-kuei}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {122-151}, @@ -41277,7 +41475,7 @@ @article{bib4622 year = {1932} } -@article{bib4623, +@article{bib4645, author = {Li and 李大勤, Daqin and and 江荻, Jiang Di}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {6}, @@ -41287,7 +41485,7 @@ @article{bib4623 year = {2001} } -@book{bib4624, +@book{bib4646, author = {Thompson, Sandra A. and Park, Joseph Sung-Yul and Li, Charles N.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -41297,7 +41495,7 @@ @book{bib4624 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4625, +@book{bib4647, author = {Li, Fang-kuei 李方桂}, editor = {王啟龍, Qilong Wang}, publisher = {Tsing Hua University Press}, @@ -41307,28 +41505,28 @@ @book{bib4625 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4626, +@book{bib4648, author = {Li, Daqin 李大勤}, publisher = {民族出版社}, title = {格曼語研究 [A study of Geman Deng]}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib4627, +@book{bib4649, author = {Li, Yongsui 李永燧}, publisher = {The Nationalities Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {桑孔語研究 [A study of Sangkong]}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib4628, +@book{bib4650, author = {Li, Daqin 李大勤}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {蘇龍語研究 A study of Sulung}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib4629, +@article{bib4651, author = {Li, Jinfang}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, @@ -41339,7 +41537,7 @@ @article{bib4629 year = {1996} } -@book{bib4630, +@book{bib4652, author = {Li, Yunbing 李云兵}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {7105068132}, @@ -41349,7 +41547,7 @@ @book{bib4630 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4631, +@incollection{bib4653, author = {Li, Fang-kuei}, editor = {Hoijer, H.}, booktitle = {Linguistic Structures of native America}, @@ -41358,7 +41556,7 @@ @incollection{bib4631 year = {1946} } -@article{bib4632, +@article{bib4654, author = {Li, Fang-kuei}, journal = {Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica Ts'ai Yuan P'ei Anniversary Volume}, pages = {429-467}, @@ -41367,7 +41565,7 @@ @article{bib4632 year = {1933} } -@misc{bib4633, +@misc{bib4655, author = {Li, Jinfang}, local_ids = {24709}, title = {"Documentation of Two Gelao Varieties: Zou Lei and A Hou, South West China" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -41375,7 +41573,7 @@ @misc{bib4633 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4634, +@incollection{bib4656, author = {Thurgood, Graham and Li, Fengxiang "Frank"}, editor = {Wayland, R. and Hartmann, J. and Sidwell, P.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -41387,7 +41585,7 @@ @incollection{bib4634 year = {2007} } -@article{bib4635, +@article{bib4657, author = {Li and 李錦芳, Jinfang and and 韓林林, Linlin Han}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {6}, @@ -41397,14 +41595,14 @@ @article{bib4635 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4636, +@book{bib4658, author = {Li, Paul Jen-kuei and Tsuchida, Shigeru}, publisher = {Academia Sinica}, title = {Kavalan Dictionary}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib4637, +@article{bib4659, author = {Li and 李錦芳, Jinfang and 韓林林, Linlin Han and and 韋名, Mingying Wei}, journal = {廣西民族大學學報(哲學社會科學版) Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Science Edition)}, pages = {2}, @@ -41413,7 +41611,7 @@ @article{bib4637 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4638, +@book{bib4660, author = {Li, Paul and Tsuchida, Shigeru}, address = {Taipei}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -41423,14 +41621,14 @@ @book{bib4638 year = {2001} } -@book{bib4639, +@book{bib4661, author = {Li, Paul Jen-kuei and Tsuchida, Shigeru}, publisher = {Academia Sinica}, title = {Pazih Texts and Songs《巴宰族傳說歌謠集》}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib4640, +@article{bib4662, author = {Li, Charles N. and Thompson, Sandra A.}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}, pages = {106-113}, @@ -41439,7 +41637,7 @@ @article{bib4640 year = {1978} } -@article{bib4641, +@article{bib4663, author = {Li and 李錦芳, Jinfang and 曾寶芬, Baofen Zeng and 劉曉念, Xiaonian Liu}, journal = {廣西民族大學學報(哲學社會科學版) Journal of Guangxi Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)}, pages = {6}, @@ -41448,21 +41646,21 @@ @article{bib4641 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4642, +@book{bib4664, author = {Li, Xulian 李旭練}, publisher = {The Nationalities Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {倈語研究 [Research on Bolyu]}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib4643, +@book{bib4665, author = {Li, Jinfang 李錦芳}, publisher = {Central University for Nationalities Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {布央語研究 Studies in the Buyang Language}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib4644, +@book{bib4666, author = {Li, Jinfang 李錦芳}, local_ids = {98227}, publisher = {The Central University of Nationalities Press (中央民族大學出版社)}, @@ -41470,7 +41668,7 @@ @book{bib4644 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4645, +@book{bib4667, author = {Li, Paul Jen-kuei 李壬癸}, publisher = {Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica}, series = {Language and Linguistics Monograph Series}, @@ -41479,7 +41677,7 @@ @book{bib4645 year = {2010} } -@article{bib4646, +@article{bib4668, author = {Li, Charles N. and Thompson, Sandra A. and Sawyer, Jesse O.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {85-100}, @@ -41488,14 +41686,14 @@ @article{bib4646 year = {1977} } -@book{bib4647, +@book{bib4669, author = {Li, Jinfang 李錦芳 and Luo, Yongxian 羅永現}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, title = {The Buyang language of South China: Grammatical notes, glossary, texts and translations}, year = {2010} } -@article{bib4648, +@article{bib4670, author = {Li, Charles N. and Thompson, Sandra A.}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}, pages = {175-181}, @@ -41504,20 +41702,20 @@ @article{bib4648 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib4649, +@misc{bib4671, author = {Li, Paul}, title = {The Internal Relationships of Formosan Languages}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib4650, +@book{bib4672, author = {Liang and 梁敏, Min and 張均如, Junru Zhang and and 李云兵, Yunbing Li}, publisher = {Minorities Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {普標語研究 A study of Pubiao}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib4651, +@article{bib4673, author = {Liccardi, M. and Grimes, J.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {36-41}, @@ -41526,7 +41724,7 @@ @article{bib4651 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib4652, +@incollection{bib4674, author = {Lie, Hui}, editor = {Doerfer, Gerhard and Weiers, Michael}, booktitle = {Beiträge zur Nordasiatischen Kulturgeschichte}, @@ -41535,27 +41733,27 @@ @incollection{bib4652 year = {1978} } -@book{bib4653, +@book{bib4675, author = {Lieber, Michael D. and Dikepa, Kalio H.}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Kapingamarangi Lexicon}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib4654, +@book{bib4676, author = {Lieberherr, Ismael.}, publisher = {Brill}, title = {A Grammar of Puroik}, year = {forthcoming} } -@misc{bib4655, +@misc{bib4677, author = {Lienhard, Ruth}, title = {Daba Grammar: Phrase Level Sorting, Clause Level Sorting}, year = {1976, 1978} } -@book{bib4656, +@book{bib4678, author = {Giger, Marti and Lienhard, Ruth}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, local_ids = {90200}, @@ -41565,21 +41763,21 @@ @book{bib4656 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4657, +@book{bib4679, author = {Lilipaly, et al.}, publisher = {Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan}, title = {Stuktur Bahasa Tidore}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib4658, +@book{bib4680, author = {Liljegren, Henrik and Haider, Naseem}, publisher = {Forum for Language Initiatives}, title = {Palula Texts}, year = {2015} } -@phdthesis{bib4659, +@phdthesis{bib4681, author = {Liljegren, Henrik}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {8992}, @@ -41589,7 +41787,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4659 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4660, +@incollection{bib4682, author = {Lim, Sonny}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in Western Austronesian linguistics No.~3 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -41600,14 +41798,14 @@ @incollection{bib4660 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib4661, +@misc{bib4683, author = {Lim, Nicole}, local_ids = {2303}, title = {"Conversational Pomo Documentation Project" NSF DEL Abstract}, url = {http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0966026&WT.z_pims_id=12816} } -@article{bib4662, +@article{bib4684, author = {Lim, Lisa and Ansaldo, Umberto}, journal = {ACLC Working Papers}, local_ids = {98074}, @@ -41618,7 +41816,7 @@ @article{bib4662 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4663, +@incollection{bib4685, author = {Lima, Suzi}, booktitle = {Collaborative Approaches to the Challenge of Language Documentation and Conservation: Selected papers from the 2018 Symposium on American Indian Languages (SAIL)}, isbn = {978-0-9973295-8-2}, @@ -41631,7 +41829,7 @@ @incollection{bib4663 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib4664, +@misc{bib4686, author = {Limbu, Man Kumari}, howpublished = {online}, institution = {Social Inclusion Research Fund (SIRF) SNV Nepal}, @@ -41641,7 +41839,7 @@ @misc{bib4664 year = {2007} } -@article{bib4665, +@article{bib4687, author = {Limbu, Man Kumari}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {85-88}, @@ -41650,7 +41848,7 @@ @article{bib4665 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib4666, +@misc{bib4688, author = {Lin, Melissa Shih-hui}, local_ids = {98210}, month = {October 13}, @@ -41658,7 +41856,7 @@ @misc{bib4666 year = {2014} } -@article{bib4667, +@article{bib4689, author = {Lin, Shih-hui}, journal = {Asian Culture and History}, number = {1}, @@ -41668,21 +41866,21 @@ @article{bib4667 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4668, +@book{bib4690, author = {Lin, Lianyun 林蓮雲}, publisher = {National Minorities Publisher 民族出版社}, title = {Salayu jianzhi 撒拉語簡志 [Description of the Salar language]}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib4669, +@misc{bib4691, author = {Lincoln, Piet}, local_ids = {99182}, title = {Personal Communication on Uruava}, year = {2016} } -@book{bib4670, +@book{bib4692, author = {Lind, Amanda}, address = {Stockholm}, institution = {Ministry of Culture}, @@ -41693,7 +41891,7 @@ @book{bib4670 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib4671, +@incollection{bib4693, author = {Howard, Linda and D., Lino Ramiro Pabon and B., Alonso Maffla}, editor = {Heinze, Carol}, booktitle = {Estudios en camsá y catío Serie Sintáctica}, @@ -41704,7 +41902,7 @@ @incollection{bib4671 year = {1977} } -@book{bib4672, +@book{bib4694, author = {Lindenfeld, Jacqueline}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -41714,7 +41912,7 @@ @book{bib4672 year = {1973} } -@book{bib4673, +@book{bib4695, author = {Lindfors, Anna-Lena and Woodward, Mark and Nagler, Louise}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {59946}, @@ -41726,7 +41924,7 @@ @book{bib4673 year = {2009} } -@article{bib4674, +@article{bib4696, author = {Lindsey, G. and Scancarelli, J.}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkely Linguistic Society}, pages = {207-215}, @@ -41735,7 +41933,7 @@ @article{bib4674 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib4675, +@incollection{bib4697, author = {Lindskoog, J. N. and Brend, R. M.}, editor = {Elson, Benjamin F.}, booktitle = {Studies in Ecuadorian Indian Languages 1}, @@ -41744,7 +41942,7 @@ @incollection{bib4675 year = {1962} } -@book{bib4676, +@book{bib4698, author = {Lindskoog, John N. and Lindskoog, Carrie A.}, address = {Quito, Ecuador}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -41754,33 +41952,33 @@ @book{bib4676 year = {1964} } -@book{bib4677, +@book{bib4699, author = {Lindström, Eva}, publisher = {Stockholm University}, title = {Topics in the Grammar of Kuot, a Non-Austronesian Language of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib4678, +@book{bib4700, author = {Linguistics-langwa, Groote Eylandt}, publisher = {Groote Eylandt Linguistics}, title = {Eningerribirra-langwa jurra. Picture dictonary}, year = {1993} } -@misc{bib4679, +@misc{bib4701, author = {Linn, Mary Sarah}, title = {A grammar of Euchee (Yuchi)}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib4680, +@misc{bib4702, author = {Linn, Mary Sarah}, title = {A Grammar of Euchee (Yuchi)}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4681, +@misc{bib4703, author = {Linn, Mary}, local_ids = {2307}, title = {"Doctoral Dissertation Research: Speaking Kiowa Today" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -41788,7 +41986,7 @@ @misc{bib4681 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4682, +@article{bib4704, author = {Lionnet, Florian}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -41802,7 +42000,7 @@ @article{bib4682 year = {2020} } -@book{bib4683, +@book{bib4705, author = {Lionnet, Andres}, address = {México}, publisher = {Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, @@ -41812,7 +42010,7 @@ @book{bib4683 year = {1977} } -@book{bib4684, +@book{bib4706, author = {Lionnet, Andrés}, address = {México}, publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, @@ -41822,7 +42020,7 @@ @book{bib4684 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib4685, +@incollection{bib4707, author = {Lipkind, William}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, booktitle = {The Tropical Forest Tribes Handbook of South American Indians}, @@ -41833,7 +42031,7 @@ @incollection{bib4685 year = {1948} } -@article{bib4686, +@article{bib4708, author = {Lipset, David M.}, journal = {Research in economic anthropology}, pages = {67-94}, @@ -41842,7 +42040,7 @@ @article{bib4686 year = {1985} } -@article{bib4687, +@article{bib4709, author = {Lipski, John M.}, editor = {File-Muriel, Richard J. and Orozco, Rafael}, booktitle = {Colombian Varieties of Spanish}, @@ -41856,7 +42054,7 @@ @article{bib4687 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib4688, +@misc{bib4710, author = {Lissarrugue, Amanda}, local_ids = {96180}, note = {Personal communication}, @@ -41864,7 +42062,7 @@ @misc{bib4688 year = {2014} } -@article{bib4689, +@article{bib4711, author = {Lista, Ramón}, journal = {Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina}, pages = {35-43}, @@ -41873,7 +42071,7 @@ @article{bib4689 year = {1896} } -@book{bib4690, +@book{bib4712, author = {Lista, Ramón}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Martin Biedma}, @@ -41881,7 +42079,7 @@ @book{bib4690 year = {1879} } -@book{bib4691, +@book{bib4713, author = {Litteral, Robert Lee}, local_ids = {99033}, publisher = {Philadelphia}, @@ -41890,7 +42088,7 @@ @book{bib4691 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib4692, +@incollection{bib4714, author = {Littig, Sabine}, editor = {Kramer, Raija and Tröbs, Holder and Kastenholz, Raimund}, address = {Köln}, @@ -41902,14 +42100,14 @@ @incollection{bib4692 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib4693, +@misc{bib4715, author = {Little, Christopher A. J. L.}, pages = {181}, title = {Becoming an Asabano: The socialization of Asabano children, Duranmin, West Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib4694, +@book{bib4716, author = {Sun, Hongkai and Liu, Guangkun}, address = {Boston}, isbn = {978-9004176867}, @@ -41921,14 +42119,14 @@ @book{bib4694 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4695, +@book{bib4717, author = {Liu, Zhaoxiong 劉照雄}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House}, title = {東鄉語簡志 A sketch grammar of Dongxiang}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib4696, +@incollection{bib4718, author = {Liu, Hsin-Yun}, editor = {Kutscher and Silvia and et al.}, booktitle = {Das Mutafi-Lazische}, @@ -41937,7 +42135,7 @@ @incollection{bib4696 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib4697, +@misc{bib4719, author = {Livingston, Andrew}, local_ids = {99708}, school = {Unversity of Washington}, @@ -41946,7 +42144,7 @@ @misc{bib4697 year = {2016} } -@incollection{bib4698, +@incollection{bib4720, author = {Ljutikova, Ekaterina and Bonch-Osmolovskaja, Anastasija}, editor = {Kibrik, Aleksandr}, booktitle = {Èlementy caxurskogo jazyka v tipologicheskom osveshchenii}, @@ -41955,7 +42153,7 @@ @incollection{bib4698 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4699, +@article{bib4721, author = {Llaras Samitier, [Manuel]}, journal = {Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre}, pages = {123-194}, @@ -41964,7 +42162,7 @@ @article{bib4699 year = {1967} } -@article{bib4700, +@article{bib4722, author = {Lobel, Jason}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {95160}, @@ -41975,7 +42173,7 @@ @article{bib4700 year = {2010} } -@phdthesis{bib4701, +@phdthesis{bib4723, author = {Lobel, Jason}, institution = {University of Hawai'i}, local_ids = {95060}, @@ -41984,7 +42182,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4701 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4702, +@book{bib4724, author = {Lock, Arnold Arjen Hugo}, address = {Ukarumpa}, local_ids = {98987}, @@ -41996,7 +42194,7 @@ @book{bib4702 year = {2011} } -@book{bib4703, +@book{bib4725, author = {Gould, Drusilla and Loether, Christopher}, address = {Salt Lake City}, pages = {272}, @@ -42005,7 +42203,7 @@ @book{bib4703 year = {2003} } -@article{bib4704, +@article{bib4726, author = {Loeweke, Eunice and May, Jean}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {17-33}, @@ -42014,7 +42212,7 @@ @article{bib4704 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4705, +@incollection{bib4727, author = {Loeweke, Eunice and May, Jean}, editor = {Hutchisson, Don}, booktitle = {Grammatical studies in Fasu and Mt. Koiali}, @@ -42023,13 +42221,13 @@ @incollection{bib4705 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib4706, +@misc{bib4728, author = {Loewen, Jacob A.}, title = {An Introduction to Epera Speech: Sambu Dialect}, year = {1958} } -@article{bib4707, +@article{bib4729, author = {Loewen, Jacob A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -42039,13 +42237,13 @@ @article{bib4707 year = {1963} } -@misc{bib4708, +@misc{bib4730, author = {Loewen, Jacob A.}, title = {Waunana Grammar: A Descriptive Analysis}, year = {1954} } -@book{bib4709, +@book{bib4731, author = {Lommel, Andreas}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Museum für Völkerkunde}, @@ -42055,7 +42253,7 @@ @book{bib4709 year = {1952} } -@incollection{bib4710, +@incollection{bib4732, author = {Lomtatidze, Ketevan and Klychev, Rauf}, editor = {Hewitt, Brian George}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 1}, @@ -42064,7 +42262,7 @@ @incollection{bib4710 year = {1989} } -@article{bib4711, +@article{bib4733, author = {Long, Violet}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -42074,7 +42272,7 @@ @article{bib4711 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4712, +@article{bib4734, author = {Longacre, Robert E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -42084,7 +42282,7 @@ @article{bib4712 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4713, +@incollection{bib4735, author = {Lonnet, Antoine and Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude}, editor = {Kaye, Alan S.}, booktitle = {Phonologies of Asia and Africa 1}, @@ -42093,7 +42291,7 @@ @incollection{bib4713 year = {1997} } -@book{bib4714, +@book{bib4736, author = {Faust, Norma and Loos, Eugene E.}, pages = {174}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -42104,33 +42302,33 @@ @book{bib4714 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib4715, +@misc{bib4737, author = {Lopes, Mário Alexandre García}, title = {Aspectos gramaticais da língua Ka'apor}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib4716, +@misc{bib4738, author = {Lopis, Jeanne}, title = {Phonologie et Morphologie Nominale du Noon (parler de ngente)}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib4717, +@book{bib4739, author = {Lorentz, F.}, publisher = {Gerstenberg}, title = {Kaschubische Grammatik}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib4718, +@book{bib4740, author = {Lorentz, F.}, publisher = {Otdelenija Imperator'skoj Akademii Nauk}, title = {Slovinzische Grammatik}, year = {1903} } -@book{bib4719, +@book{bib4741, author = {Lorenzino, Gerardo A.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -42140,7 +42338,7 @@ @book{bib4719 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4720, +@book{bib4742, author = {Lorimer, D. L. R}, publisher = {Harvard University Press / Aschehoug}, series = {Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning, Serie B}, @@ -42149,7 +42347,7 @@ @book{bib4720 year = {1935} } -@book{bib4721, +@book{bib4743, author = {Lorimer, D. L. R.}, publisher = {Dekker and van de Vegt N. V.}, series = {Publications de la Commission d'Enquete Linguistique}, @@ -42157,7 +42355,7 @@ @book{bib4721 year = {1939} } -@book{bib4722, +@book{bib4744, author = {Lorimer, D. L. R.}, address = {Nijmegen}, publisher = {Dekker & van de Vegt N. V.}, @@ -42167,14 +42365,14 @@ @book{bib4722 year = {1939} } -@book{bib4723, +@book{bib4745, author = {Lorimer, D. L. R.}, publisher = {School of African and Oriental Studies, University of London}, title = {The Wakhi Language}, year = {1958} } -@book{bib4724, +@book{bib4746, author = {Loriot, James and Lauriault, Erwin and Day, Dwight}, pages = {554}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educacion and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -42185,7 +42383,7 @@ @book{bib4724 year = {1993} } -@book{bib4725, +@book{bib4747, author = {Lorrain, Reginald Arthur}, address = {Assam}, publisher = {Government of Assam in the Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies, Gauhati}, @@ -42193,14 +42391,14 @@ @book{bib4725 year = {1951} } -@book{bib4726, +@book{bib4748, author = {Louali-Reynal, Nadine Decourt and Elghamis, Ramada}, publisher = {L'Harmattan}, title = {Littérature orale tourègue: Contes et proverbes}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib4727, +@book{bib4749, author = {Loughnane, Robyn}, local_ids = {99047}, publisher = {Melbourne}, @@ -42209,7 +42407,7 @@ @book{bib4727 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4728, +@book{bib4750, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, address = {Los Angeles}, publisher = {Latin American Center, University of California}, @@ -42219,7 +42417,7 @@ @book{bib4728 year = {1968} } -@book{bib4729, +@book{bib4751, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, pages = {7-60}, publisher = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes. LII}, @@ -42227,7 +42425,7 @@ @book{bib4729 year = {1963} } -@article{bib4730, +@article{bib4752, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {1-69}, @@ -42236,7 +42434,7 @@ @article{bib4730 year = {1942} } -@article{bib4731, +@article{bib4753, author = {Loukotka, Č.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {157-214}, @@ -42245,7 +42443,7 @@ @article{bib4731 year = {1937} } -@article{bib4732, +@article{bib4754, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {123-144}, @@ -42254,7 +42452,7 @@ @article{bib4732 year = {1950} } -@article{bib4733, +@article{bib4755, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {123-144}, @@ -42263,7 +42461,7 @@ @article{bib4733 year = {1950} } -@article{bib4734, +@article{bib4756, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {373-398}, @@ -42272,7 +42470,7 @@ @article{bib4734 year = {1929} } -@article{bib4735, +@article{bib4757, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {112-135}, @@ -42281,7 +42479,7 @@ @article{bib4735 year = {1955} } -@article{bib4736, +@article{bib4758, author = {Loukotka, Chestmir}, journal = {Idearium}, pages = {15-17}, @@ -42290,7 +42488,7 @@ @article{bib4736 year = {1939} } -@article{bib4737, +@article{bib4759, author = {Loukotka, Čestmír}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {53-82}, @@ -42299,7 +42497,7 @@ @article{bib4737 year = {1949} } -@book{bib4738, +@book{bib4760, author = {Lounsbury, Floyd}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, Yale University}, series = {Yale University publications in anthropology}, @@ -42308,13 +42506,13 @@ @book{bib4738 year = {1953} } -@misc{bib4739, +@misc{bib4761, author = {Loustaunau, Joaquín}, title = {[Vocabulario seri]}, year = {1885} } -@incollection{bib4740, +@incollection{bib4762, author = {Love, J. R. B.}, editor = {Elkin, A. P.}, booktitle = {Studies in Australian linguistics Oceania monograph}, @@ -42325,7 +42523,7 @@ @incollection{bib4740 year = {1937-1938} } -@book{bib4741, +@book{bib4763, author = {Love, J. R. B.}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, address = {München}, @@ -42336,7 +42534,7 @@ @book{bib4741 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib4742, +@misc{bib4764, author = {Lovegren, Jesse}, local_ids = {98256}, pages = {585}, @@ -42346,7 +42544,7 @@ @misc{bib4742 year = {2013} } -@article{bib4743, +@article{bib4765, author = {Lovestrand, Joseph}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -42360,7 +42558,7 @@ @article{bib4743 year = {2020} } -@article{bib4744, +@article{bib4766, author = {Lovestrand, Joseph}, journal = {SIL Electronic Working Papers 2011}, local_ids = {88578}, @@ -42371,7 +42569,7 @@ @article{bib4744 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib4745, +@incollection{bib4767, author = {Lowie, Robert H.}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -42383,7 +42581,7 @@ @incollection{bib4745 year = {1946} } -@book{bib4746, +@book{bib4768, author = {Lowie, Robert Harry}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {141}, @@ -42394,7 +42592,7 @@ @book{bib4746 year = {1941} } -@article{bib4747, +@article{bib4769, author = {Lowie, Robert H.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {6}, @@ -42404,7 +42602,7 @@ @article{bib4747 year = {1963} } -@incollection{bib4748, +@incollection{bib4770, author = {Lozano, Miguel Ángel Meléndez}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -42413,7 +42611,7 @@ @incollection{bib4748 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4749, +@book{bib4771, author = {Lozano, Elena}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Instituto de Lingüística, Universidad de Buenos Aires}, @@ -42421,7 +42619,7 @@ @book{bib4749 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4750, +@book{bib4772, author = {Lu, Tian Qiao}, local_ids = {95120}, publisher = {Universal Publishers}, @@ -42429,21 +42627,21 @@ @book{bib4750 year = {2008} } -@book{bib4751, +@book{bib4773, author = {Lu, Shaozun 陸紹尊}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House (民族出版社)}, title = {普米語方言研究 [A study of the Pumi dialects]}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib4752, +@book{bib4774, author = {Lu, Shaozun}, publisher = {Minzu Chubanshe}, title = {P'u-mi yu chien chih}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib4753, +@book{bib4775, author = {Lubeck, John E. and Cowie, Diane L.}, pages = {358}, publisher = {Instituto Linguistico de Verano}, @@ -42451,7 +42649,7 @@ @book{bib4753 year = {1989} } -@book{bib4754, +@book{bib4776, author = {Lucas, Leslie W.}, publisher = {Queen's University of Belfast-Institute of Irish Studies-Dept. of Celtic}, series = {Studies in Irish Language and Literature}, @@ -42460,7 +42658,7 @@ @book{bib4754 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib4755, +@incollection{bib4777, author = {Last, Marco and Lucassen, Deborah}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, booktitle = {Surmic Languages and Cultures}, @@ -42469,7 +42667,7 @@ @incollection{bib4755 year = {1998} } -@article{bib4756, +@article{bib4778, author = {Luce, G. H.}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {98-129}, @@ -42478,14 +42676,14 @@ @article{bib4756 year = {1965} } -@misc{bib4757, +@misc{bib4779, author = {Clifton, John and Tiessen, Calvin and Deckinga, Gabriela and Lucht, Laura}, title = {Sociolinguistic Situation of the Talysh in Azerbaijan}, url = {http://www-01.sil.org/silesr/2005/silesr2005-009.pdf}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib4758, +@article{bib4780, author = {Clifton, John M. and Tiessen, Calvin and Deckinga, Gabriela and Lucht, Laura}, institution = {SIL International}, journal = {Journal of Language Survey Reports}, @@ -42497,14 +42695,14 @@ @article{bib4758 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4759, +@book{bib4781, author = {Ludewig, Hermann Ernst}, publisher = {Trübner}, title = {literature of American aboriginal languages}, year = {1858} } -@incollection{bib4760, +@incollection{bib4782, author = {Ludwig, Paul}, editor = {Windfuhr, Gernot}, booktitle = {The Iranian Languages}, @@ -42517,7 +42715,7 @@ @incollection{bib4760 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib4761, +@misc{bib4783, author = {Luepke, Friederike}, local_ids = {24545}, title = {"A first appraisal of Bainouk and its main contact language Mandinka" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -42525,7 +42723,7 @@ @misc{bib4761 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib4762, +@incollection{bib4784, author = {Luffin, Xavier}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -42538,14 +42736,14 @@ @incollection{bib4762 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib4763, +@misc{bib4785, author = {Luffin, Xavier}, pages = {610+386}, title = {Un créole arabe: le kinubi de Mombasa: Étude Descriptive}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib4764, +@book{bib4786, author = {Luffin, Xavier}, address = {München}, pages = {470}, @@ -42556,7 +42754,7 @@ @book{bib4764 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4765, +@book{bib4787, author = {Lukas, Renate}, pages = {91-116, 198-224}, publisher = {AuU. LI}, @@ -42564,7 +42762,7 @@ @book{bib4765 year = {1967/1968} } -@book{bib4766, +@book{bib4788, author = {Lukas, Johannes}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft}, @@ -42574,7 +42772,7 @@ @book{bib4766 year = {1939} } -@book{bib4767, +@book{bib4789, author = {Lukas, Johannes}, publisher = {Akademie-Verlag}, series = {Deutsche Akadmie der Wissenschaften Institut Orientforschung}, @@ -42583,7 +42781,7 @@ @book{bib4767 year = {1953} } -@book{bib4768, +@book{bib4790, author = {Lukusa, Stephen T. M.}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, @@ -42591,7 +42789,7 @@ @book{bib4768 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib4769, +@incollection{bib4791, author = {Lukusa, Stephen T. M.}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt-am-Main}, @@ -42603,7 +42801,7 @@ @incollection{bib4769 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4770, +@book{bib4792, author = {Lunsford, Wayne A.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {9014}, @@ -42614,7 +42812,7 @@ @book{bib4770 year = {2001} } -@book{bib4771, +@book{bib4793, author = {Lunt, Roberto M.}, address = {Salta}, pages = {151}, @@ -42623,13 +42821,13 @@ @book{bib4771 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib4772, +@misc{bib4794, author = {Lupardus, Karen Jacque}, title = {The Language of the Alabama Indians}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib4773, +@article{bib4795, author = {Lussagnet, Suzanne}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {185-243, 35-64}, @@ -42638,7 +42836,7 @@ @article{bib4773 year = {1961, 1962} } -@phdthesis{bib4774, +@phdthesis{bib4796, author = {Lux, Cecile}, local_ids = {90841}, school = {Université Lumière Lyon 2}, @@ -42647,7 +42845,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4774 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4775, +@article{bib4797, author = {Lyall, C. J.}, journal = {Indian Antiquary}, pages = {101-111, 205-212}, @@ -42656,7 +42854,7 @@ @article{bib4775 year = {1903} } -@incollection{bib4776, +@incollection{bib4798, author = {Lydall, Jean}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {East Lansing, Michigan}, @@ -42668,7 +42866,7 @@ @incollection{bib4776 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib4777, +@incollection{bib4799, author = {Lynch, John}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -42679,14 +42877,14 @@ @incollection{bib4777 year = {2002} } -@book{bib4778, +@book{bib4800, author = {Lynch, John}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i Press}, title = {Pacific Languages}, year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib4779, +@incollection{bib4801, author = {Lynch, John}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -42697,7 +42895,7 @@ @incollection{bib4779 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4780, +@article{bib4802, author = {Lynch, John}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, local_ids = {93680}, @@ -42708,7 +42906,7 @@ @article{bib4780 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4781, +@incollection{bib4803, author = {Lynch, John}, editor = {Carle, Rainer and Heinschke, Martine and Pink, Peter W. and Rost, Christel and Stadtlander, Karen}, booktitle = {GAVA': Studies in Austronesian languages and cultures dedicated to Hans Kähler}, @@ -42717,7 +42915,7 @@ @incollection{bib4781 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib4782, +@incollection{bib4804, author = {Lynch, John}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -42728,7 +42926,7 @@ @incollection{bib4782 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib4783, +@incollection{bib4805, author = {Lynch, John}, editor = {Lynch, John}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -42740,7 +42938,7 @@ @incollection{bib4783 year = {1983} } -@article{bib4784, +@article{bib4806, author = {Lyon, Don D.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {34-45}, @@ -42749,7 +42947,7 @@ @article{bib4784 year = {1967} } -@book{bib4785, +@book{bib4807, author = {Lyth, R. E.}, publisher = {Sudan Research Unit, University of Khartoum}, series = {Linguistic Monograph Papers}, @@ -42758,7 +42956,7 @@ @book{bib4785 year = {1971} } -@article{bib4786, +@article{bib4808, author = {Lyth, R. E.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {106-114}, @@ -42767,14 +42965,14 @@ @article{bib4786 year = {1947} } -@book{bib4787, +@book{bib4809, author = {Lytkin, V. I.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo akademii nauk, SSSR}, title = {Komi-iazvinskii dialekt}, year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib4788, +@incollection{bib4810, author = {Lytkin, V. I.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-ugorskie jazyki i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -42783,7 +42981,7 @@ @incollection{bib4788 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4789, +@incollection{bib4811, author = {L´eglise and Isabelle and Renault-Lescure, Odile and Launey, Michel and and Migge., Bettina}, editor = {Kremnitz, Georg}, booktitle = {Histoire sociale des langues de France}, @@ -42796,7 +42994,7 @@ @incollection{bib4789 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4790, +@book{bib4812, author = {Léonard, Yves}, institution = {SIL Cameroon}, local_ids = {90220}, @@ -42806,7 +43004,7 @@ @book{bib4790 year = {2009} } -@article{bib4791, +@article{bib4813, author = {Lévi-Strauss, Claude}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, number = {1}, @@ -42816,7 +43014,7 @@ @article{bib4791 year = {1950} } -@incollection{bib4792, +@incollection{bib4814, author = {Lévi-Strauss, Claude}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -42828,7 +43026,7 @@ @incollection{bib4792 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib4793, +@incollection{bib4815, author = {Lévi-Strauss, Claude}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -42840,7 +43038,7 @@ @incollection{bib4793 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib4794, +@incollection{bib4816, author = {Lévi-Strauss, Claude}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -42852,14 +43050,14 @@ @incollection{bib4794 year = {1948} } -@book{bib4795, +@book{bib4817, author = {López, Manuel Antonio and Iboy, Juliana Sis}, publisher = {Proyecto Linguistico Francisco Marroquin}, title = {Gramática del idioma achi}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib4796, +@incollection{bib4818, author = {López L., Emilio}, editor = {Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, booktitle = {Estudios en cacua, jupda y saliba Serie Sintáctica}, @@ -42870,7 +43068,7 @@ @incollection{bib4796 year = {1976} } -@article{bib4797, +@article{bib4819, author = {Löffler, Lorenz G.}, journal = {Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft}, number = {1}, @@ -42880,7 +43078,7 @@ @article{bib4797 year = {1966} } -@article{bib4798, +@article{bib4820, author = {Lüpke, Friederike}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Journal of language contact}, @@ -42893,7 +43091,7 @@ @article{bib4798 year = {2010} } -@article{bib4799, +@article{bib4821, author = {MONGUSH, M.V.}, journal = {International Journal of Central Asian Studies}, pages = {225–243}, @@ -42902,7 +43100,7 @@ @article{bib4799 year = {1996} } -@article{bib4800, +@article{bib4822, author = {Ma, Wei 馬偉}, journal = {Journal of Qinghai Nationalities Insitute (青海民族學院學報)}, pages = {29-35}, @@ -42911,20 +43109,20 @@ @article{bib4800 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4801, +@book{bib4823, author = {Ma, Guozhong 馬國忠 and 陳元龍, Yuanlong Chen}, publisher = {Gansu Mizhu Publishing House}, title = {Dongxiang-Chinese Dictionary 東鄉語漢語辭典}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib4802, +@misc{bib4824, author = {Ma, Xin-Min}, title = {Le Parler de Nanzhauang (Guanzhong, Shaanxi)}, year = {1990} } -@article{bib4803, +@article{bib4825, author = {Ma, Wei 馬偉}, journal = {Nationalities Research in Qinghai (青海民族研究)}, local_ids = {98626}, @@ -42934,13 +43132,13 @@ @article{bib4803 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib4804, +@misc{bib4826, author = {Maas, Utz}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Phonologie und Phonetik der Mundart von Couzou (Lot)}, year = {1969} } -@book{bib4805, +@book{bib4827, author = {Maass, Antje and Prinz, Angela and Grant, Caroline}, pages = {6}, publisher = {Association SIL}, @@ -42948,7 +43146,7 @@ @book{bib4805 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4806, +@incollection{bib4828, author = {MacAulay, Donald}, editor = {MacAulay, Donald}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -42957,13 +43155,13 @@ @incollection{bib4806 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib4807, +@misc{bib4829, author = {MacDonell, Ronald Beaton}, title = {La phonologie du Makuxi, langue caribe: une analyse fonctionnelle}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib4808, +@article{bib4830, author = {MacEachern, B. R. and Kern, B. and Ladefoged, P.}, journal = {Journal of Amazonian Languages}, pages = {3-28}, @@ -42972,7 +43170,7 @@ @article{bib4808 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib4809, +@incollection{bib4831, author = {MacEoin, Gearóid}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Fife, James}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -42981,20 +43179,20 @@ @incollection{bib4809 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib4810, +@misc{bib4832, author = {MacKay, Carolyn Joyce}, title = {A Grammar of Misantla Totanac}, year = {1991} } -@book{bib4811, +@book{bib4833, author = {MacKay, Carolyn Joyce}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, title = {A Grammar of Misantla Totanac}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib4812, +@book{bib4834, author = {MacKay, Carolyn J.}, address = {Salt Lake City}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, @@ -43003,14 +43201,14 @@ @book{bib4812 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4813, +@book{bib4835, author = {MacKenzie, D. N.}, publisher = {Munksgaard}, title = {The dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-i Luhon) Grammatical sketch, texts, and vocabulary}, year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib4814, +@incollection{bib4836, author = {MacKinnon, K.}, editor = {Brown, Keith}, address = {Boston}, @@ -43024,7 +43222,7 @@ @incollection{bib4814 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4815, +@incollection{bib4837, author = {MacKinnon, Ken}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -43033,7 +43231,7 @@ @incollection{bib4815 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4816, +@book{bib4838, author = {MacLaughlin, John Earls}, address = {München}, pages = {65}, @@ -43044,7 +43242,7 @@ @book{bib4816 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4817, +@book{bib4839, author = {MacLean, Edna Ahgeak}, address = {Fairbanks}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska}, @@ -43052,14 +43250,14 @@ @book{bib4817 year = {1986} } -@book{bib4818, +@book{bib4840, author = {Macalister, R.A. Stewart}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press (reissued by Craobh Rua Books, Armagh, 1997)}, title = {The Secret Languages of Ireland: with special reference to the origin and nature of the Shelta language, partly based upon collections and manuscripts of the late John Sampson}, year = {1937} } -@article{bib4819, +@article{bib4841, author = {Macaulay, Monica}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -43069,14 +43267,14 @@ @article{bib4819 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib4820, +@misc{bib4842, author = {Macaulay, Monica}, local_ids = {90820}, title = {Personal Communication Regarding Menominee}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib4821, +@incollection{bib4843, author = {Machal, M.}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -43087,7 +43285,7 @@ @incollection{bib4821 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib4822, +@misc{bib4844, author = {Maciel de Caravalho, Mateus Cruz}, local_ids = {99286}, school = {Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara}, @@ -43096,28 +43294,28 @@ @misc{bib4822 year = {2013} } -@book{bib4823, +@book{bib4845, author = {Mackey, James L. and Nassau, R. H.}, publisher = {American Tract Society}, title = {Grammar of the Benga-Bantu Language}, year = {1892} } -@book{bib4824, +@book{bib4846, author = {Mackinnon, Roderick}, publisher = {Hodder and Stoughton}, title = {Gaelic}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib4825, +@book{bib4847, author = {Mackinnon, Roderick}, publisher = {Hodder and Stoughton}, title = {Teach yourself Gaelic}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib4826, +@article{bib4848, author = {Mackinolty, Chips}, address = {Sydney}, journal = {Sydney Morning Herald}, @@ -43128,7 +43326,7 @@ @article{bib4826 year = {2002} } -@article{bib4827, +@article{bib4849, author = {Maclean, J.}, journal = {Transactions of the Canadian Institute}, pages = {128-165}, @@ -43137,20 +43335,20 @@ @article{bib4827 year = {1895-1896} } -@book{bib4828, +@book{bib4850, author = {Maclennan, Malcolm}, publisher = {The University Press Aberdeen}, title = {A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language}, year = {1979} } -@misc{bib4829, +@misc{bib4851, author = {Macri, Martha J.}, title = {A Descriptive Grammar of Palenque Mayan}, year = {1988} } -@article{bib4830, +@article{bib4852, author = {Maddieson, Ian and Smith, C. L. and Bessell, N.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {135-176}, @@ -43159,7 +43357,7 @@ @article{bib4830 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4831, +@incollection{bib4853, author = {Maddieson, Ian and Sands, Bonny and Ladefoged, Peter}, editor = {Finlayson, R.}, booktitle = {African Mosaic: Festschrift for J. A. Louw}, @@ -43168,7 +43366,7 @@ @incollection{bib4831 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4832, +@article{bib4854, author = {Maddieson, Ian and Spajic, Sinisa and Sands, Bonny and Ladefoged, Peter}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {5-53}, @@ -43177,20 +43375,20 @@ @article{bib4832 year = {1993} } -@book{bib4833, +@book{bib4855, author = {Madieva, G. I.}, publisher = {Dagestanskij gosudarstvennyj universitet}, title = {Grammaticheskij ocherk bezhtinskogo jazyka: po dannym govora s Bezhta}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib4834, +@misc{bib4856, author = {Magalhães, Marina Maria Silva}, title = {Aspectos fonológicos e morfossintáticos da língua Guajá}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib4835, +@article{bib4857, author = {Magalhães, Antonio Carlos}, journal = {Boletim do MPEG, Antropologia}, number = {2}, @@ -43200,13 +43398,13 @@ @article{bib4835 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib4836, +@misc{bib4858, author = {Magalhães, Marina Maria Silva}, title = {Sobre a morfologia e a sintaxe da língua Guajá (Família Tupí-Guaraní)}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib4837, +@book{bib4859, author = {Magaspag, Chitse E.}, institution = {SIL}, local_ids = {99089}, @@ -43217,20 +43415,20 @@ @book{bib4837 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib4838, +@misc{bib4860, author = {Magnetti-Barsel, Linda-Anna}, title = {Verb morphology in Mori, an Austronesian language spoken in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia (Malayo-Polynesian)}, year = {1984} } -@book{bib4839, +@book{bib4861, author = {Magomedbekova, Zagidat M.}, publisher = {Metsniereba}, title = {Karatinskij jazyk: grammaticheskij analiz, teksty, slovar'}, year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib4840, +@incollection{bib4862, author = {Magomedova, P. T.}, editor = {K.Sh., Mikailov}, booktitle = {Kategorija chisla v dagestanskix jazykax}, @@ -43239,21 +43437,21 @@ @incollection{bib4840 year = {1985} } -@book{bib4841, +@book{bib4863, author = {Magometov, Aleksandr Amarovich}, publisher = {Metsniereba}, title = {Agul'skij jazyk: issledovanie i teksty}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib4842, +@book{bib4864, author = {Magometov, Aleksandr Amarovich}, publisher = {Metsniereba}, title = {Tabasaranskij jazyk: issledovanie i teksty}, year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib4843, +@incollection{bib4865, author = {Mahdi, Waruno}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -43264,7 +43462,7 @@ @incollection{bib4843 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4844, +@incollection{bib4866, author = {Mahecha Rubio, Dany}, editor = {Wetzels, Leo W.}, booktitle = {The Linguistics of Endangered Languages: Contributions to Morphology and Morphosyntax}, @@ -43273,7 +43471,7 @@ @incollection{bib4844 year = {2009} } -@book{bib4845, +@book{bib4867, author = {Mahecha Rubio, Dany and Franky Calvo, Carlos Eduardo and Fajardo M., Carmen R. and Cabrera Becerra, Gabriel}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Fundación Gaia Amazonas}, @@ -43283,14 +43481,14 @@ @book{bib4845 year = {1998} } -@book{bib4846, +@book{bib4868, author = {Mahmoodian, S.}, publisher = {Brandylane Publishers, Inc.}, title = {Encyclopedia Larestanica.}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib4847, +@book{bib4869, author = {Maho, Jouni F.}, address = {Windhoek, Namibia}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -43301,7 +43499,7 @@ @book{bib4847 year = {1998} } -@article{bib4848, +@article{bib4870, author = {Maho, J. F.}, journal = {Africa & Asia}, pages = {147-154}, @@ -43310,7 +43508,7 @@ @article{bib4848 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib4849, +@incollection{bib4871, author = {Mahuta, R.T.}, editor = {Miller, Marc S.}, address = {Boston}, @@ -43322,13 +43520,13 @@ @incollection{bib4849 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib4850, +@misc{bib4872, author = {Maia, Marcus Antonio Rezende}, title = {Aspectos Tipológicos da Língua Javaé}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib4851, +@book{bib4873, author = {Maia, Marcus Antonio Rezende}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in Native American Linguistics}, @@ -43337,7 +43535,7 @@ @book{bib4851 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib4852, +@misc{bib4874, author = {Mailhammer, Robert}, local_ids = {24631}, title = {"Documentation of Amurdak, an endangered language from Northern Arnhem Land (Australia)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -43345,7 +43543,7 @@ @misc{bib4852 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4853, +@article{bib4875, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -43355,7 +43553,7 @@ @article{bib4853 year = {1963} } -@article{bib4854, +@article{bib4876, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {Bantu Studies}, pages = {110-165}, @@ -43364,14 +43562,14 @@ @article{bib4854 year = {1931} } -@book{bib4855, +@book{bib4877, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, publisher = {Witwatersrand University Press}, title = {Korana folktales: grammar and texts}, year = {1962} } -@article{bib4856, +@article{bib4878, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -43381,7 +43579,7 @@ @article{bib4856 year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib4857, +@incollection{bib4879, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, editor = {Jones, J. D. R.}, booktitle = {Bushmen of the Southern Kalahari}, @@ -43390,7 +43588,7 @@ @incollection{bib4857 year = {1937} } -@article{bib4858, +@article{bib4880, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -43400,7 +43598,7 @@ @article{bib4858 year = {1964} } -@article{bib4859, +@article{bib4881, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {South African Journal of Science}, pages = {487-504}, @@ -43409,7 +43607,7 @@ @article{bib4859 year = {1931} } -@article{bib4860, +@article{bib4882, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -43419,7 +43617,7 @@ @article{bib4860 year = {1957} } -@article{bib4861, +@article{bib4883, author = {Maingard, L. F.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -43429,7 +43627,7 @@ @article{bib4861 year = {1958} } -@book{bib4862, +@book{bib4884, author = {Mainwaring, George Byres}, publisher = {Manjusri Publishing House}, series = {Bibliotheca Himalayica, Series II}, @@ -43438,7 +43636,7 @@ @book{bib4862 year = {1971} } -@book{bib4863, +@book{bib4885, author = {Mainwaring, G. B.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Baptist Mission Press}, @@ -43446,21 +43644,21 @@ @book{bib4863 year = {1876} } -@book{bib4864, +@book{bib4886, author = {Mainwaring, George Byres}, publisher = {Unger Bros}, title = {Dictionary of the Lepcha language}, year = {1898} } -@book{bib4865, +@book{bib4887, author = {Makaruku, et al.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Kamus Masyarakat. Indonesia-Alune Alune-Indonesia}, year = {1997} } -@phdthesis{bib4866, +@phdthesis{bib4888, author = {Makhashen, Khaled Awadh Omer}, local_ids = {95040}, pages = {xxvii+485}, @@ -43470,7 +43668,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib4866 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib4867, +@incollection{bib4889, author = {Makihara, Miki}, editor = {Miki Makihara, Bambi Schieffelin}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -43482,7 +43680,7 @@ @incollection{bib4867 year = {2007} } -@article{bib4868, +@article{bib4890, author = {Malan, Johannes Stefanus}, institution = {State Museum, Windhoek}, journal = {Cimbebasia}, @@ -43495,7 +43693,7 @@ @article{bib4868 year = {1973} } -@article{bib4869, +@article{bib4891, author = {Malan, Johannes Stefanus}, institution = {State Museum, Windhoek}, journal = {Cimbebasia}, @@ -43508,7 +43706,7 @@ @article{bib4869 year = {1974} } -@book{bib4870, +@book{bib4892, author = {Malau, Catriona}, publisher = {De Gruyter Mouton}, title = {A Grammar of Vurës, Vanuatu}, @@ -43516,7 +43714,7 @@ @book{bib4870 year = {2016} } -@book{bib4871, +@book{bib4893, author = {Malchukov, Andrei L.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Languages of the World/Materials}, @@ -43525,7 +43723,7 @@ @book{bib4871 year = {1995} } -@book{bib4872, +@book{bib4894, author = {Malchukov, Andrei L.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -43535,7 +43733,7 @@ @book{bib4872 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4873, +@incollection{bib4895, author = {Malchukov, Andrei L.}, editor = {Xrakovskij, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -43544,7 +43742,7 @@ @incollection{bib4873 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib4874, +@incollection{bib4896, author = {Malchukov, Andrej L.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -43553,7 +43751,7 @@ @incollection{bib4874 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4875, +@book{bib4897, author = {Maldonado, R. Z.}, address = {D. F.}, publisher = {El Colégio de México}, @@ -43562,7 +43760,7 @@ @book{bib4875 year = {1992} } -@article{bib4876, +@article{bib4898, author = {Malecot, Andre}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {89-95, 196-210, 14-31, 243-250}, @@ -43571,7 +43769,7 @@ @article{bib4876 year = {1963, 1963, 1964, 1964} } -@article{bib4877, +@article{bib4899, author = {Malone, Terrell A.}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {173-218}, @@ -43580,7 +43778,7 @@ @article{bib4877 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4878, +@incollection{bib4900, author = {Barnes, Janet and Malone, Terrell}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -43589,7 +43787,7 @@ @incollection{bib4878 year = {2000} } -@article{bib4879, +@article{bib4901, author = {Malone, Dennis L. and Premsrirat, Suwilai}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {101-120}, @@ -43598,7 +43796,7 @@ @article{bib4879 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4880, +@incollection{bib4902, author = {Malone, Joseph L.}, editor = {Kaye, Alan S.}, booktitle = {Phonologies of Asia and Africa 1}, @@ -43607,7 +43805,7 @@ @incollection{bib4880 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib4881, +@incollection{bib4903, author = {Malone, Dennis L.}, booktitle = {Collected papers on language and culture for rural development on the occasion of 60 years celebration for Professor Kunying Suriya Ratanakul and Professor Doctor Suwilai Premsrirat Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development}, pages = {202-220}, @@ -43615,14 +43813,14 @@ @incollection{bib4881 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4882, +@book{bib4904, author = {Malotki, Ekkehardt}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Hopi Time: A Linguistic Analysis of the Temporal Concepts in the Hopi Language}, year = {1983} } -@article{bib4883, +@article{bib4905, author = {Malvern, Jack}, howpublished = {Newspaper article}, journal = {The Australian}, @@ -43633,7 +43831,7 @@ @article{bib4883 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4884, +@article{bib4906, author = {Man, E. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {428-451}, @@ -43642,7 +43840,7 @@ @article{bib4884 year = {1886} } -@article{bib4885, +@article{bib4907, author = {Man, E. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {354-394}, @@ -43651,7 +43849,7 @@ @article{bib4885 year = {1889} } -@article{bib4886, +@article{bib4908, author = {Manan and A., Syed and Channa, Liaqat Ali and Tul-Kubra, Khadija and David, Maya Khemlani}, journal = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics}, local_ids = {99698}, @@ -43661,7 +43859,7 @@ @article{bib4886 year = {2021} } -@article{bib4887, +@article{bib4909, author = {Manaster-Ramer, Alexis}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -43671,7 +43869,7 @@ @article{bib4887 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4888, +@incollection{bib4910, author = {Mandala, Halus}, editor = {Astra, I Gde Semadi and Mbete, Aron Meko and Astawa, Ida Bagus Puja and Putra, I Nyoman Darma}, booktitle = {Guratan budaya dalam perspektif multikultural: Katurang ri kalaning purnabakti Prof.~Dr.~I Gusti Ngurah Bagus}, @@ -43680,14 +43878,14 @@ @incollection{bib4888 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4889, +@book{bib4911, author = {Wakidi and Tarno and Hayon, Yosep and Mandaru, A. M.}, publisher = {Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan}, title = {Morfo-Sintakis Bahasa Blagar}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib4890, +@book{bib4912, author = {Manelis Klein, Harriet E.}, address = {Montevideo}, pages = {v+185}, @@ -43696,7 +43894,7 @@ @book{bib4890 year = {1978} } -@article{bib4891, +@article{bib4913, author = {Manessy, G.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {95-164}, @@ -43705,7 +43903,7 @@ @article{bib4891 year = {1982} } -@article{bib4892, +@article{bib4914, author = {Mangulu, M.}, journal = {Annales Æquatoria}, pages = {285-328}, @@ -43714,7 +43912,7 @@ @article{bib4892 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib4893, +@incollection{bib4915, author = {Mannheim, Bruce}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -43723,7 +43921,7 @@ @incollection{bib4893 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib4894, +@incollection{bib4916, author = {Manning, Margaret and Saggers, Naomi}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -43735,7 +43933,7 @@ @incollection{bib4894 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib4895, +@incollection{bib4917, author = {Mansen, Richard A.}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola}, booktitle = {Phonemic systems of Colombian languages Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -43746,13 +43944,13 @@ @incollection{bib4895 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib4896, +@misc{bib4918, author = {Mansfield, John Basil}, title = {Polysynthetic Sociolinguistics: The Language and Culture of Murrinh Patha Youth}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib4897, +@book{bib4919, author = {Jordan, Linda and Manuel, Isata}, local_ids = {99683}, month = {December}, @@ -43764,7 +43962,7 @@ @book{bib4897 year = {2016} } -@incollection{bib4898, +@incollection{bib4920, author = {Mao, Tsung-wu and Tsu-yao, Chou}, editor = {Purnell, Herbert C.}, booktitle = {Miao and Yao Linguistic Studies: Selected Articles in Chinese Southeast Asia Program Data Paper}, @@ -43775,56 +43973,56 @@ @incollection{bib4898 year = {1972} } -@book{bib4899, +@book{bib4921, author = {Mao, Zongwu 毛宗武 and Meng, Chaoji 蒙朝吉 and Zheng, Zongze 鄭宗澤}, publisher = {National Minorities Publishing}, title = {瑤族語言簡志 A sketch grammar of Mien}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib4900, +@book{bib4922, author = {Mao and 毛宗武, Zongwu and and 蒙朝吉, Chaoji Meng}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {畬語簡志 [A sketch grammar of She]}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib4901, +@book{bib4923, author = {Mao, Zongwu 毛宗武 and 李云兵, Yunbing Li}, publisher = {Central Nationalities University Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {炯奈語研究 [A study of Jiongnai]}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib4902, +@book{bib4924, author = {Mao, Zongwu 毛宗武}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {優諾語研究 [A Study of Younuo]}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib4903, +@book{bib4925, author = {Mao and 毛豔, Yan and and 毅松, Song Yi}, publisher = {The Yunnan University Press}, title = {達斡爾族：內蒙古莫力達瓦旗哈力村調查 [The Dagur]}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib4904, +@book{bib4926, author = {Maracle, David Kanatawakhon}, publisher = {Audio-Forum}, title = {One Thousand Useful Mohawk Words}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib4905, +@book{bib4927, author = {Marangozis, John}, publisher = {LINCOM}, title = {An Introduction to Vlach Grammar}, year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib4906, +@incollection{bib4928, author = {Marchese, Lynell}, editor = {Bendor-Samuel, John}, booktitle = {The Niger-Congo Languages: A Classification and Description of Africa's Largest Language Family}, @@ -43833,12 +44031,12 @@ @incollection{bib4906 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib4907, +@misc{bib4929, author = {Marcos Jiménez de la Espalda Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y Museos.}, title = {Vocabulario de la lengua general de los Índios del Putumayo y Cáquetá} } -@book{bib4908, +@book{bib4930, author = {Marcoy, Paul}, address = {London}, publisher = {Blackie & Son}, @@ -43846,21 +44044,21 @@ @book{bib4908 year = {1875} } -@book{bib4909, +@book{bib4931, author = {Margery Peña, Enrique}, publisher = {Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica}, title = {Diccionario cabécar-español, español-cabécar}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib4910, +@book{bib4932, author = {Margery Peña, Enrique}, publisher = {Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica}, title = {Diccionario fraseológico Bribri-Español, Español-Bribri}, year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib4911, +@incollection{bib4933, author = {Margery Peña, Enrique}, editor = {Margery Peña, Enrique}, booktitle = {Diccionario bribri-español, español-bribri}, @@ -43868,7 +44066,7 @@ @incollection{bib4911 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib4912, +@incollection{bib4934, author = {Margetts, Anna}, editor = {Mosel, U. and Hovdhaugen, E.}, booktitle = {Negation in Oceanic languages - typological studies}, @@ -43877,7 +44075,7 @@ @incollection{bib4912 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4913, +@book{bib4935, author = {Margetts, Anna}, publisher = {Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics}, series = {Max Planck Institute Series in Psycholinguistics Nijmegen}, @@ -43886,7 +44084,7 @@ @book{bib4913 year = {1999} } -@article{bib4914, +@article{bib4936, author = {Mari'a, E and Kolia}, journal = {Oral History}, pages = {2-36}, @@ -43895,7 +44093,7 @@ @article{bib4914 year = {1977} } -@article{bib4915, +@article{bib4937, author = {Maria, Antonio}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {233-240}, @@ -43904,19 +44102,19 @@ @article{bib4915 year = {1914} } -@misc{bib4916, +@misc{bib4938, author = {Maring, Joel M.}, title = {Grammar of Acoma Keresan}, year = {1967} } -@misc{bib4917, +@misc{bib4939, author = {Marino, Mary Carolyn}, title = {A Dictionary of Winnebago: An Analysis and Reference Grammar of the Radin Lexical File}, year = {1968} } -@book{bib4918, +@book{bib4940, author = {Marjomaa, Marko}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, address = {Mainz}, @@ -43929,7 +44127,7 @@ @book{bib4918 year = {2012} } -@book{bib4919, +@book{bib4941, author = {Marjomaa, Marko}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -43940,7 +44138,7 @@ @book{bib4919 year = {2014} } -@book{bib4920, +@book{bib4942, author = {Marks, Aaron; Desirae Harp; and Torres, Joanne}, local_ids = {98851}, publisher = {ScholarSpace}, @@ -43951,12 +44149,12 @@ @book{bib4920 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib4921, +@misc{bib4943, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {A grammar of Seri} } -@article{bib4922, +@article{bib4944, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Revue Roumaine de Linguistique}, number = {2}, @@ -43966,7 +44164,7 @@ @article{bib4922 year = {2010} } -@article{bib4923, +@article{bib4945, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Linguistic Discovery}, number = {1}, @@ -43976,7 +44174,7 @@ @article{bib4923 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib4924, +@incollection{bib4946, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Bond, Oliver and Nathan, David}, booktitle = {Proceedings of conference on language documentation and linguistic theory}, @@ -43985,21 +44183,21 @@ @incollection{bib4924 year = {2007} } -@book{bib4925, +@book{bib4947, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, publisher = {Plaza y Valdés Editores and Universidad de Sonora}, title = {Comcáac quih yaza quih hant ihíip hac: Diccionario seri-español-inglés}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib4926, +@book{bib4948, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, publisher = {Plaza y Valdés Editores and Universidad de Sonora}, title = {Comcáac quih yaza quih hant ihíip hac: Diccionario seri- español-inglés [y con gramática]}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib4927, +@article{bib4949, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Anales de Antropología}, pages = {257-279}, @@ -44008,7 +44206,7 @@ @article{bib4927 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4928, +@article{bib4950, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, pages = {1-9}, @@ -44017,7 +44215,7 @@ @article{bib4928 year = {2011} } -@article{bib4929, +@article{bib4951, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -44027,14 +44225,14 @@ @article{bib4929 year = {2008} } -@book{bib4930, +@book{bib4952, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, publisher = {libro de actas}, title = {El acento, extrametricalidad y la palabra mínima en seri}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4931, +@incollection{bib4953, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {del Carmen Morúa, María}, booktitle = {Octavo Encuentro Internacional de Lingüística en el Noroeste}, @@ -44043,13 +44241,13 @@ @incollection{bib4931 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib4932, +@misc{bib4954, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {La forma escrita de la lengua seri}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib4933, +@incollection{bib4955, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, address = {Lima}, @@ -44061,7 +44259,7 @@ @incollection{bib4933 year = {2006} } -@book{bib4934, +@book{bib4956, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, pages = {165-192}, publisher = {Memorias del III Coloquio Internacional de Lingüística Mauricio Swadesh. edited by Cristina Buenrostro}, @@ -44070,13 +44268,13 @@ @book{bib4934 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib4935, +@misc{bib4957, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {Loanwords in Seri: the data}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib4936, +@article{bib4958, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Cuadernos del Sur}, number = {28}, @@ -44086,7 +44284,7 @@ @article{bib4936 year = {2009} } -@article{bib4937, +@article{bib4959, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, pages = {57-58}, @@ -44095,7 +44293,7 @@ @article{bib4937 year = {1994} } -@book{bib4938, +@book{bib4960, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, pages = {217-239}, publisher = {In Studies in relational grammar 2 University of Chicago Press}, @@ -44103,7 +44301,7 @@ @book{bib4938 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4939, +@article{bib4961, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {503-541}, @@ -44112,7 +44310,7 @@ @article{bib4939 year = {1990} } -@article{bib4940, +@article{bib4962, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, title = {Quantification with 'all' in Seri}, @@ -44120,7 +44318,7 @@ @article{bib4940 year = {2000} } -@article{bib4941, +@article{bib4963, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Linguistic Discovery}, title = {Reanalysis of passive and negative prefixes in Seri}, @@ -44128,7 +44326,7 @@ @article{bib4941 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib4942, +@incollection{bib4964, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Félix, Andrés Acosta and Fernández, Zarina Estrada}, booktitle = {Lexicografía y escritura en lenguas mexicanas}, @@ -44137,7 +44335,7 @@ @incollection{bib4942 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib4943, +@incollection{bib4965, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Comrie, Bernard and Estrada-Fernández, Zarina}, booktitle = {Relative clauses in languages of the Americas: A typological overview}, @@ -44146,7 +44344,7 @@ @incollection{bib4943 year = {2012} } -@article{bib4944, +@article{bib4966, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Round vowel and dorsal consonant epenthesis in Seri}, @@ -44154,7 +44352,7 @@ @article{bib4944 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib4945, +@incollection{bib4967, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Gerdts, Donna B. and Moore, John C. and Polinsky, Maria}, booktitle = {Hypothesis A / Hypothesis B: Linguistic explorations in honor of David M. Perlmutter}, @@ -44163,7 +44361,7 @@ @incollection{bib4945 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4946, +@book{bib4968, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Key, Mary Ritchie}, publisher = {Intercontinental Dictionary Series}, @@ -44171,7 +44369,7 @@ @book{bib4946 year = {2001} } -@article{bib4947, +@article{bib4969, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, pages = {21-35}, @@ -44180,7 +44378,7 @@ @article{bib4947 year = {1993} } -@article{bib4948, +@article{bib4970, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {SIL Electronic Working Papers}, title = {Seri kinship terminology}, @@ -44188,12 +44386,12 @@ @article{bib4948 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib4949, +@misc{bib4971, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {Sinopsis del idioma seri} } -@article{bib4950, +@article{bib4972, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Linguistic Discovery}, number = {1}, @@ -44203,13 +44401,13 @@ @article{bib4950 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib4951, +@misc{bib4973, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {Surface contrast without phonemic contrast: theoretical and practical implications}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib4952, +@incollection{bib4974, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Cook, E. D. and Gerdts, D.}, booktitle = {Syntax and semantics 16: The syntax of Native American Languages}, @@ -44218,7 +44416,7 @@ @incollection{bib4952 year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib4953, +@incollection{bib4975, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, editor = {Cook, Eung-Do and Gerdts, Donna B.}, booktitle = {The syntax of Native American languages}, @@ -44227,7 +44425,7 @@ @incollection{bib4953 year = {1984} } -@article{bib4954, +@article{bib4976, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -44237,7 +44435,7 @@ @article{bib4954 year = {2008} } -@article{bib4955, +@article{bib4977, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {The implications of language documentation for an endangered but vibrant language community: A historical perspective}, @@ -44245,7 +44443,7 @@ @article{bib4955 year = {2008} } -@article{bib4956, +@article{bib4978, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {SIL-Mexico Branch Electronic Working Papers}, title = {The nineteenth century Seri word lists: Comparison and analysis}, @@ -44253,14 +44451,14 @@ @article{bib4956 year = {2010} } -@book{bib4957, +@book{bib4979, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, publisher = {Proceedings of the Conference on Indigenous Languages of Latin America-III (25-27 October 2007). University of Texas}, title = {The phasal verb construction in Seri}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib4958, +@article{bib4980, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -44270,7 +44468,7 @@ @article{bib4958 year = {2008} } -@article{bib4959, +@article{bib4981, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session}, pages = {1-20}, @@ -44279,13 +44477,13 @@ @article{bib4959 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib4960, +@misc{bib4982, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, title = {The Structure of Seri}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib4961, +@article{bib4983, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -44295,7 +44493,7 @@ @article{bib4961 year = {1988} } -@article{bib4962, +@article{bib4984, author = {Marlett, Stephen A.}, journal = {Journal of the Southwest}, number = {3}, @@ -44305,14 +44503,14 @@ @article{bib4962 year = {2000} } -@book{bib4963, +@book{bib4985, author = {Vallois, H. V. and Marquer, P.}, publisher = {Paris}, title = {Les Pygmées Baká du Cameroun: Anthropologie et Ethnographie avec une annexe Démographique}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib4964, +@article{bib4986, author = {Marques, J. Basso}, journal = {Boletim Cultural da Guiné Portuguesa}, pages = {875-914}, @@ -44321,13 +44519,13 @@ @article{bib4964 year = {1947} } -@misc{bib4965, +@misc{bib4987, author = {Marrison, Geoffrey E.}, title = {The classification of the Naga languages of North East India}, year = {1967} } -@article{bib4966, +@article{bib4988, author = {Marsh, J.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {131-152}, @@ -44336,7 +44534,7 @@ @article{bib4966 year = {1969} } -@book{bib4967, +@book{bib4989, author = {Martel, Philippe}, address = {Langues et cité}, pages = {3}, @@ -44346,7 +44544,7 @@ @book{bib4967 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib4968, +@incollection{bib4990, author = {Martens, Michael P.}, editor = {Sneddon, James N.}, booktitle = {Studies in Sulawesi languages, part 1 NUSA: Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and Other Languages in Indonesia}, @@ -44357,14 +44555,14 @@ @incollection{bib4968 year = {1989} } -@book{bib4969, +@book{bib4991, author = {Martin, Jack B. and Mauldin, Margaret McKane}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, title = {A Dictionary of Creek/Muskogee}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib4970, +@book{bib4992, author = {Martin, Samuel E.}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -44373,7 +44571,7 @@ @book{bib4970 year = {1961} } -@book{bib4971, +@book{bib4993, author = {Martin, Samuel E.}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University}, @@ -44383,7 +44581,7 @@ @book{bib4971 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib4972, +@misc{bib4994, author = {Gaenszle, Martin and Bickel, Balthasar and Banjade, Goma and Lieven, Elena and Paudyal, Netra P. and Rai, Arjun and Rai, Iccha P. and Rai, Manoj and Rai, Novel K. and Rai, Vishnu S. and Sharma, Narayan P. and and Stoll, Sabine}, institution = {University of Leipzig; Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig}, local_ids = {98179}, @@ -44392,20 +44590,20 @@ @misc{bib4972 year = {2004-2008} } -@misc{bib4973, +@misc{bib4995, author = {Martines, George Vergés}, title = {Aspectos Semânticos dos nomes Clasificadores em Munduruku}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib4974, +@book{bib4996, author = {Martinez, Esther}, publisher = {Bishop Publishing Co}, title = {San Juan Pueblo Téwa Dictionary}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib4975, +@incollection{bib4997, author = {Martins, Valteir and Martins, Silvana A.}, editor = {Pessoa, João}, booktitle = {Anais - VI Congresso Internacional da Abralin}, @@ -44414,31 +44612,31 @@ @incollection{bib4975 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib4976, +@misc{bib4998, author = {Martins, Silvana Andrade}, title = {Analise da Morfossintaxe da Língua Dâw (Makú-Kamã) e sua classificação Tipológica}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib4977, +@misc{bib4999, author = {Martins, Silvana}, title = {Analise da morphosintaxe da língua Dâw (Kamã) e sua classificaçao tipológica}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib4978, +@misc{bib5000, author = {Martins, Marci Fileti}, title = {Descrição e Análise de Aspectos da Gramática do Guarani Mbyá}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib4979, +@misc{bib5001, author = {Martins, Cosme Romero}, title = {Fonologia da língua Terena}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib4980, +@book{bib5002, author = {Martins, Silvana Andrade}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {Fonologua e Gramática Dâw}, @@ -44446,7 +44644,7 @@ @book{bib4980 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib4981, +@incollection{bib5003, author = {Martins, Silvana and Martins, Valteir}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -44456,7 +44654,7 @@ @incollection{bib4981 year = {1999} } -@book{bib4982, +@book{bib5004, author = {Martins, Valteir}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {13207}, @@ -44467,7 +44665,7 @@ @book{bib4982 year = {2005} } -@book{bib4983, +@book{bib5005, author = {Martius, C. F. P.}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {Friedrich Fleischer}, @@ -44475,14 +44673,14 @@ @book{bib4983 year = {1867} } -@book{bib4984, +@book{bib5006, author = {Martius, Karl Friedrich Philipp von}, publisher = {Druck von Junge & Sohn}, title = {Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Brasiliens}, year = {1863} } -@book{bib4985, +@book{bib5007, author = {Martın, Eusebia Herminia}, publisher = {Universidad de Buenos Aires}, series = {Colección de Estudios Indigenistas}, @@ -44490,7 +44688,7 @@ @book{bib4985 year = {1969} } -@article{bib4986, +@article{bib5008, author = {Marín Silva, Pedro}, journal = {Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica}, local_ids = {98310}, @@ -44501,7 +44699,7 @@ @article{bib4986 year = {2013} } -@article{bib4987, +@article{bib5009, author = {Masin, Inés}, journal = {Revista de etnologia, arqueologia y linguistica}, pages = {259-264}, @@ -44510,7 +44708,7 @@ @article{bib4987 year = {1926} } -@book{bib4988, +@book{bib5010, author = {Maslov, Elena}, editor = {Bossong, Georg and Comrie, Bernard and Dryer, Matthew}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -44520,7 +44718,7 @@ @book{bib4988 year = {2003} } -@book{bib4989, +@book{bib5011, author = {Mason, J. Alden}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {195-214}, @@ -44531,7 +44729,7 @@ @book{bib4989 year = {1923} } -@incollection{bib4990, +@incollection{bib5012, author = {Mason, J. Alden}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -44542,7 +44740,7 @@ @incollection{bib4990 year = {1950} } -@article{bib4991, +@article{bib5013, author = {Mason, J. Alden}, journal = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology}, number = {7}, @@ -44551,7 +44749,7 @@ @article{bib4991 year = {1916} } -@article{bib4992, +@article{bib5014, author = {Mathews, R. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {259-283}, @@ -44560,7 +44758,7 @@ @article{bib4992 year = {1903} } -@article{bib4993, +@article{bib5015, author = {Mathews, R. H.}, journal = {Queensland Geographical Journal}, pages = {49-74}, @@ -44569,21 +44767,21 @@ @article{bib4993 year = {1902} } -@book{bib4994, +@book{bib5016, author = {Matras, Y.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Romani: A Linguistic Introduction}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib4995, +@misc{bib5017, author = {Matras, Y. et al.}, title = {Romlex, a Comprehensive Romani Lexicon}, url = {http://romani.uni-graz.at/romlex/}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib4996, +@book{bib5018, author = {Matras, Yaron}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -44593,18 +44791,18 @@ @book{bib4996 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib4997, +@misc{bib5019, author = {Matson, Dan M.}, title = {A Grammatical Sketch of Juang: A Munda Language}, year = {1964} } -@misc{bib4998, +@misc{bib5020, author = {Mattei-Müller, Marie-Claude}, year = {n.d.} } -@book{bib4999, +@book{bib5021, author = {Mattei-Müller, Marie-Claude}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Consejo Nacional de la Cultura}, @@ -44612,14 +44810,14 @@ @book{bib4999 year = {2007} } -@book{bib5000, +@book{bib5022, author = {Matteson, Esther}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {The Piro (Arawakan) Language}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib5001, +@book{bib5023, author = {Matthews, W.}, address = {United States Geological and Geographical Survey, Washington}, publisher = {Department of the Interior}, @@ -44629,35 +44827,35 @@ @book{bib5001 year = {1877} } -@book{bib5002, +@book{bib5024, author = {Matthews, Washington}, publisher = {Cramoisy Press}, title = {Hidatsa (Minnetaree) English}, year = {1874} } -@book{bib5003, +@book{bib5025, author = {Matthews, G. H.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Hidatsa Syntax}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib5004, +@book{bib5026, author = {Matthewson, Lisa}, publisher = {Holland Academic Graphics}, title = {Determiner Systems and Quantificational Strategies: Evidence from Salish}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib5005, +@book{bib5027, author = {Mattina, Anthony}, publisher = {University of Montana}, title = {Colville-Okanagan Dictionary}, year = {1987} } -@article{bib5006, +@article{bib5028, author = {Mattina, Anthony}, journal = {Glossa}, pages = {212-232}, @@ -44666,7 +44864,7 @@ @article{bib5006 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib5007, +@incollection{bib5029, author = {Mattina, Anthony}, editor = {Mattina, Anthony and Montler, Timothy}, booktitle = {American Indian Linguistics and Ethnography in Honor of Laurence C. Thompson University of Montana Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -44677,7 +44875,7 @@ @incollection{bib5007 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib5008, +@incollection{bib5030, author = {Mattissen, Johanna}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Facts About the World's Languages, An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present}, @@ -44686,7 +44884,7 @@ @incollection{bib5008 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5009, +@incollection{bib5031, author = {Mattissen, Johanna}, editor = {Kutscher and Silvia and et al.}, booktitle = {Das Mutafi-Lazische}, @@ -44695,14 +44893,14 @@ @incollection{bib5009 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib5010, +@misc{bib5032, author = {Maung, Maung Tun}, title = {A sociolinguistic survey of selected Bisoid varieties: Pyen, Laomian and Laopin}, url = {http://ic.payap.ac.th/wp-content/uploads/linguistics_students/Maung_Maung_Tun_Thesis.pdf}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib5011, +@book{bib5033, author = {Maunsell, R.}, address = {Auckland}, publisher = {W. C. Wilson}, @@ -44710,27 +44908,27 @@ @book{bib5011 year = {1894} } -@book{bib5012, +@book{bib5034, author = {Maurand, G.}, publisher = {Cercle Occitane}, title = {Phonétique et phonologie du parler occitane d'Ambialet (Tarn)}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib5013, +@misc{bib5035, author = {Mawkanuli, Talant}, title = {The Phonology and Morphology of Jungar Tuva}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5014, +@book{bib5036, author = {Maxmudova, S. B.}, publisher = {RAN}, title = {Morfologija rutul'skogo jazyka}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib5015, +@book{bib5037, author = {Morse, Nancy L. and Maxwell, Michael B.}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -44739,7 +44937,7 @@ @book{bib5015 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5016, +@book{bib5038, author = {Maxwell, Michael B. and Pakky, Clementina and Walton, James W. and Walton, Janice P.}, address = {Bogotá}, pages = {v+219}, @@ -44749,7 +44947,7 @@ @book{bib5016 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5017, +@incollection{bib5039, author = {Walton, J. and Hensarling, G. and Maxwell, M. R.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -44758,7 +44956,7 @@ @incollection{bib5017 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5018, +@incollection{bib5040, author = {May, Stephanie A.}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -44770,7 +44968,7 @@ @incollection{bib5018 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib5019, +@incollection{bib5041, author = {Rudes, Blair A. and Blumer, Thomas J. and May, Alan J.}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -44782,7 +44980,7 @@ @incollection{bib5019 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5020, +@article{bib5042, author = {Mayer, R.}, journal = {Pholia}, pages = {111-124}, @@ -44791,7 +44989,7 @@ @article{bib5020 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib5021, +@misc{bib5043, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina and Mayer, Thomas}, local_ids = {99658}, title = {Online Documentation of Kolyma Yukaghir}, @@ -44799,7 +44997,7 @@ @misc{bib5021 year = {2004} } -@book{bib5022, +@book{bib5044, author = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -44808,7 +45006,7 @@ @book{bib5022 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5023, +@incollection{bib5045, author = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -44817,7 +45015,7 @@ @incollection{bib5023 year = {1966} } -@article{bib5024, +@article{bib5046, author = {Mayntzhusen, F. C.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {2-22}, @@ -44826,7 +45024,7 @@ @article{bib5024 year = {1919-1920} } -@incollection{bib5025, +@incollection{bib5047, author = {Adone, Dany and Bauer, Anastasia and Cumberbatch, Keren and Maypilama, Elaine L.}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -44837,7 +45035,7 @@ @incollection{bib5025 year = {2012} } -@phdthesis{bib5026, +@phdthesis{bib5048, author = {Mayuree, Thawornpat}, local_ids = {97080}, school = {Mahidol University, Thailand}, @@ -44845,7 +45043,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib5026 year = {2006} } -@article{bib5027, +@article{bib5049, author = {Michailovsky, Boyd and Mazaudon, Martine}, journal = {Kailash -- A Journal of Himalayan Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -44855,7 +45053,7 @@ @article{bib5027 year = {1973} } -@article{bib5028, +@article{bib5050, author = {Mazumdar, B. C.}, journal = {Man in India}, number = {4}, @@ -44865,7 +45063,7 @@ @article{bib5028 year = {1932} } -@article{bib5029, +@article{bib5051, author = {Mazzitelli, Lidia Federica}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {99533}, @@ -44876,7 +45074,7 @@ @article{bib5029 year = {2020} } -@book{bib5030, +@book{bib5052, author = {Mbanza, Ama Geangozo and Huttar, Lars and Kuntz, Judy and Liedtke, Marjorie and Olson, Kenneth S. and Olson, Roger E. and Schrag, Barbara and Schrag, Brian E. and Tembenekuzo, Kilio}, address = {Dallas}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -44888,7 +45086,7 @@ @book{bib5030 year = {2010} } -@article{bib5031, +@article{bib5053, author = {McAllister, Lawrence and McAllister, Kay}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {121-142}, @@ -44897,7 +45095,7 @@ @article{bib5031 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib5032, +@incollection{bib5054, author = {McArthur, Harry S. and McArthur, Lucille E.}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -44906,7 +45104,7 @@ @incollection{bib5032 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5033, +@incollection{bib5055, author = {McArthur, Harry and McArthur, Lucille}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Guatemala}, @@ -44915,7 +45113,7 @@ @incollection{bib5033 year = {1966} } -@article{bib5034, +@article{bib5056, author = {McArthur, Harry and McArthur, Lucille}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {72-76}, @@ -44924,7 +45122,7 @@ @article{bib5034 year = {1956} } -@incollection{bib5035, +@incollection{bib5057, author = {McCloskey, James}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Facts About the World's Languages, An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present}, @@ -44933,14 +45131,14 @@ @incollection{bib5035 year = {2001} } -@book{bib5036, +@book{bib5058, author = {McCloskey, James}, publisher = {Reidel}, title = {Transformational Syntax and Model Theoretic Semantics}, year = {1979} } -@article{bib5037, +@article{bib5059, author = {McConnel, U. H.}, journal = {Oceania}, number = {4}, @@ -44950,7 +45148,7 @@ @article{bib5037 year = {1945} } -@article{bib5038, +@article{bib5060, author = {McConvell, Patrick}, journal = {Archaeology in Oceania}, pages = {125-144}, @@ -44959,7 +45157,7 @@ @article{bib5038 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib5039, +@incollection{bib5061, author = {McConvell, Patrick}, editor = {McConvell, Patrick and Evans, Nicholas}, booktitle = {Archaeology and Linguistics: Aboriginal Australia in Global Perspective}, @@ -44968,7 +45166,7 @@ @incollection{bib5039 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5040, +@incollection{bib5062, author = {Evans, Nicholas and McConvell, Patrick}, editor = {Blench, Roger M. and Spriggs, Matthew}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -44980,7 +45178,7 @@ @incollection{bib5040 year = {1998} } -@book{bib5041, +@book{bib5063, author = {McCracken, Chelsea Leigh}, institution = {Rice University}, isbn = {978-3-11-055843-2}, @@ -44994,7 +45192,7 @@ @book{bib5041 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5042, +@book{bib5064, author = {McDonald, M. and Wurm, S. A.}, publisher = {Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University.}, series = {Pacific Llinguistics, Series B}, @@ -45003,7 +45201,7 @@ @book{bib5042 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib5043, +@misc{bib5065, author = {McGill, Stuart}, local_ids = {24578}, title = {"Cicipu documentation: five festivals of the Acipu people" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -45011,13 +45209,13 @@ @misc{bib5043 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5044, +@misc{bib5066, author = {McGill, Stuart John}, title = {Gender and person agreement in Cicipu discourse}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib5045, +@book{bib5067, author = {McGill, Stuart}, address = {London}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -45028,7 +45226,7 @@ @book{bib5045 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5046, +@book{bib5068, author = {McGregor, William}, address = {Amsterdam}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -45041,7 +45239,7 @@ @book{bib5046 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib5047, +@incollection{bib5069, author = {McGregor, William B.}, editor = {Desmet, Piet}, address = {Leuven}, @@ -45053,7 +45251,7 @@ @incollection{bib5047 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5048, +@article{bib5070, author = {McGregor, William}, journal = {Language Sciences}, pages = {355-384}, @@ -45062,7 +45260,7 @@ @article{bib5048 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5049, +@incollection{bib5071, author = {McGregor, William}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -45071,7 +45269,7 @@ @incollection{bib5049 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5050, +@book{bib5072, author = {McGregor, William}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -45083,7 +45281,7 @@ @book{bib5050 year = {1993} } -@book{bib5051, +@book{bib5073, author = {McGregor, William}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -45093,14 +45291,14 @@ @book{bib5051 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5052, +@book{bib5074, author = {McGregor, William}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Semiotic Grammar}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib5053, +@book{bib5075, author = {McGregor, William}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -45110,7 +45308,7 @@ @book{bib5053 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib5054, +@incollection{bib5076, author = {Loving, R. and McKaughan, H.}, editor = {McKaughan, Howard}, address = {Seattle}, @@ -45122,7 +45320,7 @@ @incollection{bib5054 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib5055, +@incollection{bib5077, author = {McKay, G.R.}, editor = {Austin, Peter}, booktitle = {Australian Aboriginal Lexicography}, @@ -45138,7 +45336,7 @@ @incollection{bib5055 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib5056, +@incollection{bib5078, author = {McKay, Graham}, editor = {Dixon, R.M.W. and Blake, Barry}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -45147,7 +45345,7 @@ @incollection{bib5056 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5057, +@article{bib5079, author = {McKay, G. R.}, journal = {Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, pages = {119-151}, @@ -45156,20 +45354,20 @@ @article{bib5057 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib5058, +@misc{bib5080, author = {McKay, G. R.}, title = {Rembarnga: A Language of Central Arnhem Land}, year = {1975} } -@misc{bib5059, +@misc{bib5081, author = {McKay-Cody, Melanie Raylene}, title = {Plains Indian Sign Language: A comparative study of alternate and primary signers}, url = {http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/278590}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib5060, +@book{bib5082, author = {McKenna, Michael}, local_ids = {99381}, month = {August}, @@ -45179,7 +45377,7 @@ @book{bib5060 year = {2016} } -@book{bib5061, +@book{bib5083, author = {McKenzie, Parker and Harrington, John P.}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, series = {Monographs of the school of American Research}, @@ -45188,7 +45386,7 @@ @book{bib5061 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5062, +@incollection{bib5084, author = {McKenzie, Robin}, booktitle = {UMBAS-SIL South Sulawesi Sociolinguistic Surveys 1987-1991 Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {19-34}, @@ -45197,7 +45395,7 @@ @incollection{bib5062 year = {1991} } -@book{bib5063, +@book{bib5085, author = {McLendon, Sally}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -45207,7 +45405,7 @@ @book{bib5063 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib5064, +@incollection{bib5086, author = {McLendon, Sally}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -45216,14 +45414,14 @@ @incollection{bib5064 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5065, +@book{bib5087, author = {McLeod, Ruth and Mitchell, Valerie}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Aspectos da língua xavante}, year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib5066, +@incollection{bib5088, author = {McPhetres, Samuel F.}, editor = {Miller, Marc S.}, address = {Boston}, @@ -45235,7 +45433,7 @@ @incollection{bib5066 year = {1993} } -@book{bib5067, +@book{bib5089, author = {McQuarrie, Peter}, address = {Wellington}, local_ids = {98128}, @@ -45244,7 +45442,7 @@ @book{bib5067 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5068, +@article{bib5090, author = {Mead, David}, editor = {Laidig, In Wyn D.}, address = {Jakarta, Indonesia}, @@ -45258,7 +45456,7 @@ @article{bib5068 year = {2001} } -@book{bib5069, +@book{bib5091, author = {Meader, R. E.}, publisher = {Museu Nacional}, series = {Publicacoes serie diversos linguistica}, @@ -45267,7 +45465,7 @@ @book{bib5069 year = {1967} } -@book{bib5070, +@book{bib5092, author = {Meader, Robert E.}, address = {Brasil}, publisher = {Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro}, @@ -45276,7 +45474,7 @@ @book{bib5070 year = {1967} } -@article{bib5071, +@article{bib5093, author = {McConvell, Patrick and Meakins, Felicity}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -45286,14 +45484,14 @@ @article{bib5071 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5072, +@book{bib5094, author = {Means, Nathalie and Means, Paul B.}, publisher = {Pelanduk Publications}, title = {Senoi-English, English-Senoi Dictionary}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib5073, +@misc{bib5095, author = {Mecklenberg, Frank}, local_ids = {99056}, title = {Organised Phonology Data: Faiwol Language [FAI]: Olsobip – Western Province}, @@ -45301,7 +45499,7 @@ @misc{bib5073 year = {1992} } -@article{bib5074, +@article{bib5096, author = {Meggitt, M. J.}, journal = {Oceania}, number = {2}, @@ -45311,7 +45509,7 @@ @article{bib5074 year = {1956} } -@book{bib5075, +@book{bib5097, author = {Megu, Shri Arak}, address = {Itanagar}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Govt.~of Arunachal Pradesh}, @@ -45319,14 +45517,14 @@ @book{bib5075 year = {1990} } -@book{bib5076, +@book{bib5098, author = {Megu, Arak}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {Bori Phrase Book}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib5077, +@book{bib5099, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Verlag von Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, @@ -45336,7 +45534,7 @@ @book{bib5077 year = {1930} } -@article{bib5078, +@article{bib5100, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {ZAOS}, pages = {138-163}, @@ -45345,7 +45543,7 @@ @article{bib5078 year = {1895} } -@article{bib5079, +@article{bib5101, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {107-109}, @@ -45354,7 +45552,7 @@ @article{bib5079 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5080, +@article{bib5102, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {236-242}, @@ -45363,7 +45561,7 @@ @article{bib5080 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5081, +@article{bib5103, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {330-333}, @@ -45372,7 +45570,7 @@ @article{bib5081 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5082, +@article{bib5104, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {164-181}, @@ -45381,7 +45579,7 @@ @article{bib5082 year = {1915-1916} } -@article{bib5083, +@article{bib5105, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {46-47}, @@ -45390,7 +45588,7 @@ @article{bib5083 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5084, +@article{bib5106, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {47-47}, @@ -45399,7 +45597,7 @@ @article{bib5084 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5085, +@article{bib5107, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {48-49}, @@ -45408,7 +45606,7 @@ @article{bib5085 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5086, +@article{bib5108, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {110-117}, @@ -45417,7 +45615,7 @@ @article{bib5086 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5087, +@article{bib5109, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {182-205}, @@ -45426,7 +45624,7 @@ @article{bib5087 year = {1915-1916} } -@article{bib5088, +@article{bib5110, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {258-264}, @@ -45435,7 +45633,7 @@ @article{bib5088 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5089, +@article{bib5111, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {264-267}, @@ -45444,7 +45642,7 @@ @article{bib5089 year = {1917-1918} } -@article{bib5090, +@article{bib5112, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {43-45}, @@ -45453,7 +45651,7 @@ @article{bib5090 year = {1918-1919} } -@article{bib5091, +@article{bib5113, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {46-55}, @@ -45462,7 +45660,7 @@ @article{bib5091 year = {1918-1919} } -@article{bib5092, +@article{bib5114, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {55-64}, @@ -45471,7 +45669,7 @@ @article{bib5092 year = {1918-1919} } -@article{bib5093, +@article{bib5115, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {89-90}, @@ -45480,7 +45678,7 @@ @article{bib5093 year = {1918-1919} } -@article{bib5094, +@article{bib5116, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {264-284}, @@ -45489,7 +45687,7 @@ @article{bib5094 year = {1915-1916} } -@article{bib5095, +@article{bib5117, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {36-50}, @@ -45498,7 +45696,7 @@ @article{bib5095 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5096, +@article{bib5118, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {51-56}, @@ -45507,7 +45705,7 @@ @article{bib5096 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5097, +@article{bib5119, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {57-63}, @@ -45516,7 +45714,7 @@ @article{bib5097 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5098, +@article{bib5120, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {72-80}, @@ -45525,7 +45723,7 @@ @article{bib5098 year = {1916-1917} } -@article{bib5099, +@article{bib5121, author = {Meinhof, Carl}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {105-106}, @@ -45534,7 +45732,7 @@ @article{bib5099 year = {1916-1917} } -@book{bib5100, +@book{bib5122, author = {Meiorg, Marianne}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -45544,7 +45742,7 @@ @book{bib5100 year = {2012} } -@article{bib5101, +@article{bib5123, author = {Meira, Sérgio}, journal = {Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas}, pages = {157-174}, @@ -45553,13 +45751,13 @@ @article{bib5101 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5102, +@misc{bib5124, author = {Meira, Sérgio}, title = {A Grammar of Tiriyo}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5103, +@book{bib5125, author = {Meira, Sérgio}, address = {München}, pages = {276}, @@ -45570,7 +45768,7 @@ @book{bib5103 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5104, +@article{bib5126, author = {Meira, S.}, journal = {CILLA Papers on Latin American Indigenous Languages}, title = {Primeras observaciones sobre la lengua yukpa}, @@ -45578,13 +45776,13 @@ @article{bib5104 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5105, +@misc{bib5127, author = {Meira, S.}, title = {Reconstructing Pre-Bakairi Phonology}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib5106, +@article{bib5128, author = {Meira, Sérgio}, journal = {Anthropological linguistics}, local_ids = {98216}, @@ -45595,7 +45793,7 @@ @article{bib5106 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5107, +@incollection{bib5129, author = {Mejía, G.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -45604,7 +45802,7 @@ @incollection{bib5107 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5108, +@book{bib5130, author = {Mekacha, Rugatiri D.K.}, copied_from = {EBALL}, isbn = {3-927510-25-4}, @@ -45617,7 +45815,7 @@ @book{bib5108 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib5109, +@incollection{bib5131, author = {Melchert, C.}, editor = {Sasson, Jack M.}, booktitle = {Civilizations of the Ancient Near East}, @@ -45626,7 +45824,7 @@ @incollection{bib5109 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib5110, +@incollection{bib5132, author = {Melliger, Markus}, editor = {Brownie, John}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -45641,13 +45839,13 @@ @incollection{bib5110 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib5111, +@misc{bib5133, author = {Melnar, Lynette R.}, title = {Caddo Verb Morphology}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib5112, +@book{bib5134, author = {Meléndez Lozano, Miguel Angel}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {CESO-CCELA, Universidad de los Andes}, @@ -45657,19 +45855,19 @@ @book{bib5112 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib5113, +@misc{bib5135, author = {Menanti, Jackie}, title = {Laporan Sosiolinguistik Bahasa Viid di Kampung Senggi, Kabupaten Keerom, Papua - Indonesia}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5114, +@misc{bib5136, author = {Junior, Djalma Gomes Mendes}, title = {Comparação Fonológica do Kuruáya com o Mundurukú}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib5115, +@article{bib5137, author = {Meng-ching, Hua and Pan, Jason}, journal = {Taipei Times}, local_ids = {98858}, @@ -45679,7 +45877,7 @@ @article{bib5115 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib5116, +@incollection{bib5138, author = {Menges, K. H.}, editor = {Fuchs, W. et al.}, booktitle = {Tungusologie}, @@ -45688,7 +45886,7 @@ @incollection{bib5116 year = {1968} } -@misc{bib5117, +@misc{bib5139, author = {Mengistu, Girma}, howpublished = {Web page}, institution = {Endangered Language Fund}, @@ -45698,7 +45896,7 @@ @misc{bib5117 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5118, +@incollection{bib5140, author = {Menick, Raymond}, editor = {Reesink, G. P.}, address = {Jakarta}, @@ -45710,7 +45908,7 @@ @incollection{bib5118 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5119, +@book{bib5141, author = {Mennecier, Philippe}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Klincksieck}, @@ -45718,7 +45916,7 @@ @book{bib5119 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib5120, +@incollection{bib5142, author = {Menovshchikov, G. A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -45727,7 +45925,7 @@ @incollection{bib5120 year = {1968} } -@book{bib5121, +@book{bib5143, author = {Menovshchikov, G.A.}, address = {Leningrad}, publisher = {Nauka}, @@ -45735,7 +45933,7 @@ @book{bib5121 year = {1964} } -@book{bib5122, +@book{bib5144, author = {Menovshchikov, G. A.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -45743,7 +45941,7 @@ @book{bib5122 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib5123, +@misc{bib5145, author = {Mensah, Eyo}, local_ids = {92060}, title = {HRELP Abstract: "Documenting libation rituals in Kiong, South-Eastern Nigeria"}, @@ -45751,7 +45949,7 @@ @misc{bib5123 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5124, +@incollection{bib5146, author = {Menz, Astrid}, editor = {Janse, Mark and Tols, Sijmen}, booktitle = {Language Death and Language Maintenance: Theoretical, practical and descriptive approaches}, @@ -45759,7 +45957,7 @@ @incollection{bib5124 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5125, +@incollection{bib5147, author = {Menz, Astrid}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Utas, Bo}, booktitle = {Evidentials: Turkic, Iranian and neighbouring languages Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, @@ -45770,7 +45968,7 @@ @incollection{bib5125 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5126, +@incollection{bib5148, author = {Merchán, Hna. Ana Joaquina}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -45779,7 +45977,7 @@ @incollection{bib5126 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5127, +@incollection{bib5149, author = {Merdanova, S. and Daniel', M.}, editor = {Narin'jani, A. S.}, booktitle = {Trudy mezhdunarodnogo seminara Dialog'2001 po komp'juternoj lingvistike i ee prilozhenijam 1}, @@ -45788,7 +45986,7 @@ @incollection{bib5127 year = {2001} } -@book{bib5128, +@book{bib5150, author = {Merker, M.}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -45796,7 +45994,7 @@ @book{bib5128 year = {1904} } -@book{bib5129, +@book{bib5151, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, address = {Berlin, New York}, isbn = {9783110129427}, @@ -45808,7 +46006,7 @@ @book{bib5129 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib5130, +@misc{bib5152, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, local_ids = {24821}, title = {"Jawoyn Cultural Texts, Dictionary and Grammar (southern Arnhem Land)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -45816,7 +46014,7 @@ @misc{bib5130 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5131, +@book{bib5153, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {North-Holland, Amsterdam}, @@ -45826,20 +46024,20 @@ @book{bib5131 year = {1982} } -@book{bib5132, +@book{bib5154, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, publisher = {Routledge}, title = {Mangarayi}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib5133, +@misc{bib5155, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, title = {Noun-Verb relationships in Arikara syntax}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib5134, +@incollection{bib5156, author = {Merlan, Francesca}, editor = {Evans, Nicholas}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -45851,7 +46049,7 @@ @incollection{bib5134 year = {2003} } -@article{bib5135, +@article{bib5157, author = {Merriam, C. Hart}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {1}, @@ -45861,7 +46059,7 @@ @article{bib5135 year = {1929} } -@article{bib5136, +@article{bib5158, author = {Merrick, G.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal African Soicety}, number = {17}, @@ -45871,7 +46069,7 @@ @article{bib5136 year = {1905} } -@article{bib5137, +@article{bib5159, author = {Merrick, G.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal African Soicety}, number = {17}, @@ -45881,13 +46079,13 @@ @article{bib5137 year = {1905} } -@misc{bib5138, +@misc{bib5160, author = {Mersol, Stanley Alfonse}, title = {A Sociolinguistic-Conceptual-Cultural- Ethnographic Jicarilla Apache-English Dictionary: The Dulce Springs Dialect}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib5139, +@book{bib5161, author = {Messineo, C.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -45897,7 +46095,7 @@ @book{bib5139 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5140, +@book{bib5162, author = {Metcalfe, C. D.}, pages = {82-92}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS)}, @@ -45907,7 +46105,7 @@ @book{bib5140 year = {1971} } -@book{bib5141, +@book{bib5163, author = {Metcalfe, C. D.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -45917,7 +46115,7 @@ @book{bib5141 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib5142, +@misc{bib5164, author = {Mettouchi, Amina}, institution = {Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes}, local_ids = {99543}, @@ -45925,7 +46123,7 @@ @misc{bib5142 year = {2021} } -@book{bib5143, +@book{bib5165, author = {Metzger, Ronald G.}, address = {Bogotá, Colombia}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico del Verano}, @@ -45933,7 +46131,7 @@ @book{bib5143 year = {1981} } -@book{bib5144, +@book{bib5166, author = {Metzger, Ronald G.}, pages = {v+157}, publisher = {Editorial Alberta Lleras Camargo}, @@ -45941,7 +46139,7 @@ @book{bib5144 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5145, +@book{bib5167, author = {Meyer, Ronny}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -45951,7 +46149,7 @@ @book{bib5145 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5146, +@incollection{bib5168, author = {Miceli, Luisa}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Koch, Harold}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -45963,7 +46161,7 @@ @incollection{bib5146 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5147, +@article{bib5169, author = {Michael and Lev and Farmer, Stephanie and Finley, Gregory and Beier, Christine and and Acosta., Karina Sullón}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {98396}, @@ -45974,20 +46172,20 @@ @article{bib5147 year = {2013} } -@book{bib5148, +@book{bib5170, author = {Michael, Weiers}, publisher = {Westdeutscher Verlag}, title = {Die Sprache der Moghol der Provinz Herat in Afghanistan (Sprachmaterial, Grammatik, Wortliste)}, year = {1971} } -@misc{bib5149, +@misc{bib5171, author = {Michael, Lev David}, title = {Nanti evidential practice: Language, knowledge, and social action in an Amazonian society}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5150, +@incollection{bib5172, author = {Michael, Lev}, booktitle = {Negation in Arawak Languages}, chapter = {Negation in Nanti}, @@ -45999,21 +46197,21 @@ @incollection{bib5150 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5151, +@misc{bib5173, author = {Michael, Lev}, local_ids = {98416}, title = {Personal communication about Iquito}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5152, +@misc{bib5174, author = {Michael, Lev}, local_ids = {98403}, title = {Personal communication about Taushiro}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5153, +@misc{bib5175, author = {Michael, Lev}, local_ids = {2444}, title = {"The Maihiki Project [ISO-639: ore]: Documenting, describing, and revitalizing a Western Tukanoan language" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -46021,7 +46219,7 @@ @misc{bib5153 year = {2011} } -@article{bib5154, +@article{bib5176, author = {Dunn, Michael and Burenhult, Niclas and Kruspe, Nicole and Tufvesson, Sylvia and and Becker, Neele}, journal = {Diachronica}, pages = {291-323}, @@ -46030,13 +46228,13 @@ @article{bib5154 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5155, +@misc{bib5177, author = {Michailovsky, Boyd}, title = {Grammaire de la Langue Hayu (Népal)}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib5156, +@incollection{bib5178, author = {Michailovsky, Boyd}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -46050,14 +46248,14 @@ @incollection{bib5156 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5157, +@book{bib5179, author = {Michailovsky, Boyd}, publisher = {Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, title = {La Langue Hayu}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib5158, +@misc{bib5180, author = {Michels, Marc}, local_ids = {98266}, school = {Leiden University}, @@ -46066,14 +46264,14 @@ @misc{bib5158 year = {2014} } -@book{bib5159, +@book{bib5181, author = {Michelson, Karen}, publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}, title = {A comparative study of Lake-Iroquoian Accent}, year = {1988} } -@article{bib5160, +@article{bib5182, author = {Michl, Wolf-Dieter}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {83-91}, @@ -46082,7 +46280,7 @@ @article{bib5160 year = {1972} } -@article{bib5161, +@article{bib5183, author = {Middelkoop, P.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, pages = {375-517}, @@ -46093,7 +46291,7 @@ @article{bib5161 year = {1950} } -@incollection{bib5162, +@incollection{bib5184, author = {Miehe, Gudrun}, editor = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Miehe, Gudrun}, address = {Köln}, @@ -46108,7 +46306,7 @@ @incollection{bib5162 year = {1994} } -@article{bib5163, +@article{bib5185, author = {Hussain, Qandeel and Mielke, Jeff}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN 1740-6234}, @@ -46123,7 +46321,7 @@ @article{bib5163 year = {2020} } -@article{bib5164, +@article{bib5186, author = {Migeod, F. W. H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {230-241}, @@ -46132,7 +46330,7 @@ @article{bib5164 year = {1922} } -@book{bib5165, +@book{bib5187, author = {Migeod, F. W. H.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co}, @@ -46140,7 +46338,7 @@ @book{bib5165 year = {1911} } -@incollection{bib5166, +@incollection{bib5188, author = {Migliazza, Ernesto C.}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -46149,7 +46347,7 @@ @incollection{bib5166 year = {1985} } -@article{bib5167, +@article{bib5189, author = {Migliazza, Ernesto C.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -46159,7 +46357,7 @@ @article{bib5167 year = {1978} } -@article{bib5168, +@article{bib5190, author = {Migliazza, Ernest and Grimes, Joseph E.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {6}, @@ -46169,20 +46367,20 @@ @article{bib5168 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib5169, +@misc{bib5191, author = {Migliazza, Ernest}, title = {Yanomama grammar and intelligibility}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib5170, +@misc{bib5192, author = {Mihas, Elena}, local_ids = {24581}, title = {"Description and documentation of Ashéninka Perené (Arawak)" HRELP Abstract}, url = {http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=193} } -@incollection{bib5171, +@incollection{bib5193, author = {Mikami, Naomitsu}, editor = {Ueda, Hiromi}, booktitle = {Reports on Minority Languages in Mainland Southeast Asia Osaka, Japan: Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim}, @@ -46193,7 +46391,7 @@ @incollection{bib5171 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5172, +@book{bib5194, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {259}, @@ -46204,7 +46402,7 @@ @book{bib5172 year = {1965} } -@book{bib5173, +@book{bib5195, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -46213,13 +46411,13 @@ @book{bib5173 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib5174, +@misc{bib5196, author = {Miller, Amy W.}, title = {A grammar of Jamul Diegueño}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib5175, +@book{bib5197, author = {Miller, Amy}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -46228,20 +46426,20 @@ @book{bib5175 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib5176, +@misc{bib5198, author = {Miller, Vera Grace}, title = {An Overview of Stieng Grammar}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib5177, +@book{bib5199, author = {Miller, Carolyn and Nuan}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Bru Language Lessons}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib5178, +@misc{bib5200, author = {Miller, Kirk}, howpublished = {Endangered Language Fund grant abstract}, local_ids = {88202}, @@ -46250,7 +46448,7 @@ @misc{bib5178 year = {2004} } -@book{bib5179, +@book{bib5201, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, address = {México}, pages = {162}, @@ -46260,7 +46458,7 @@ @book{bib5179 year = {1993} } -@book{bib5180, +@book{bib5202, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, address = {México}, publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, @@ -46268,21 +46466,21 @@ @book{bib5180 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5181, +@book{bib5203, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, publisher = {El Colegio de México}, title = {Guarijıo de Arechuyvo, Chihuahua}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib5182, +@book{bib5204, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, publisher = {Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, title = {Guarijó: gramática, textos, y vocabulario}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib5183, +@article{bib5205, author = {Miller, John and Miller, Carolyn}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {255-290}, @@ -46291,14 +46489,14 @@ @article{bib5183 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5184, +@book{bib5206, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, title = {Newe Natekwinappeh: Shoshoni Stories and Dictionary}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib5185, +@incollection{bib5207, author = {Miller, Wick R.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -46310,7 +46508,7 @@ @incollection{bib5185 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5186, +@book{bib5208, author = {Miller, B. V.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -46318,7 +46516,7 @@ @book{bib5186 year = {1953} } -@incollection{bib5187, +@incollection{bib5209, author = {Miller, Roy A.}, editor = {Aronson, Howard I.}, booktitle = {Non-Slavic Languages of the USSR: Papers from the fourth conference}, @@ -46327,7 +46525,7 @@ @incollection{bib5187 year = {1994} } -@article{bib5188, +@article{bib5210, author = {Min, Chunfang 敏春芳}, journal = {Northwestern Journal of Ethnology}, number = {4}, @@ -46337,7 +46535,7 @@ @article{bib5188 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib5189, +@incollection{bib5211, author = {Minahan, James}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations}, local_ids = {99513}, @@ -46347,7 +46545,7 @@ @incollection{bib5189 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5190, +@incollection{bib5212, author = {Minch, Andrew}, editor = {Roberts, John R.}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -46361,14 +46559,14 @@ @incollection{bib5190 year = {1992} } -@book{bib5191, +@book{bib5213, author = {Miner, Ken}, publisher = {Wisconsin Native American Languages Project}, title = {An English-Menominee and Menominee-English Word List}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib5192, +@article{bib5214, author = {Miner, K. L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {25-33}, @@ -46377,7 +46575,7 @@ @article{bib5192 year = {1979} } -@article{bib5193, +@article{bib5215, author = {Miner, K. L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {340-342}, @@ -46386,7 +46584,7 @@ @article{bib5193 year = {1981} } -@article{bib5194, +@article{bib5216, author = {Miner, K. L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {242-254}, @@ -46395,7 +46593,7 @@ @article{bib5194 year = {1986} } -@book{bib5195, +@book{bib5217, author = {Minor, Eugene E. and Minor, Dorothy A. and Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, pages = {130}, publisher = {Ministerio de Gobierno}, @@ -46403,14 +46601,14 @@ @book{bib5195 year = {1982} } -@book{bib5196, +@book{bib5218, author = {Minor, Eugene E. and Minor, Dorothy A. and Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Gramática pedagógica Huıtoto}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib5197, +@book{bib5219, author = {Minor, Eugene E. and de Minor, Dorothy Hendrich}, pages = {141}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -46421,7 +46619,7 @@ @book{bib5197 year = {1971} } -@article{bib5198, +@article{bib5220, author = {Minor, E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {131-137}, @@ -46430,7 +46628,7 @@ @article{bib5198 year = {1956} } -@article{bib5199, +@article{bib5221, author = {Mir, Farooq Ahmad}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99691}, @@ -46441,7 +46639,7 @@ @article{bib5199 year = {2017} } -@book{bib5200, +@book{bib5222, author = {McLeod, Ruth and Mitchell, Valerie}, address = {Brasília}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -46449,7 +46647,7 @@ @book{bib5200 year = {1977} } -@book{bib5201, +@book{bib5223, author = {McLeod, Ruth and Mitchell, Valerie}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, @@ -46457,7 +46655,7 @@ @book{bib5201 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5202, +@incollection{bib5224, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Chafe, Wallace and Nichols, Johanna}, booktitle = {Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology}, @@ -46466,7 +46664,7 @@ @incollection{bib5202 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib5203, +@incollection{bib5225, author = {Mithun, M.}, editor = {Maurais, Jacques}, address = {Québec}, @@ -46478,7 +46676,7 @@ @incollection{bib5203 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5204, +@incollection{bib5226, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Shipley, William}, booktitle = {In honor of Mary Haas}, @@ -46487,7 +46685,7 @@ @incollection{bib5204 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib5205, +@misc{bib5227, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {99314}, @@ -46495,7 +46693,19 @@ @misc{bib5205 year = {2016} } -@article{bib5206, +@article{bib5228, + author = {Mithun, Marianne}, + journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, + local_ids = {99564}, + num = {1}, + number = {1}, + pages = {1-26}, + title = {Stalking the Susquehannocks}, + volume = {47}, + year = {1981} +} + +@article{bib5229, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {119-136}, @@ -46504,7 +46714,7 @@ @article{bib5206 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib5207, +@incollection{bib5230, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, editor = {Haiman, John and Thompson, Sandra A.}, booktitle = {Clause Combining in Grammar and Discourse}, @@ -46513,7 +46723,7 @@ @incollection{bib5207 year = {1988} } -@article{bib5208, +@article{bib5231, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}, pages = {184-194}, @@ -46522,7 +46732,7 @@ @article{bib5208 year = {1987} } -@book{bib5209, +@book{bib5232, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -46530,7 +46740,7 @@ @book{bib5209 year = {1999} } -@article{bib5210, +@article{bib5233, author = {Mithun, Marianne}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {361-376}, @@ -46539,7 +46749,7 @@ @article{bib5210 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib5211, +@incollection{bib5234, author = {Mitrani, P.}, editor = {Coppens, W.}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -46551,7 +46761,7 @@ @incollection{bib5211 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib5212, +@misc{bib5235, author = {Mitterhofer, Bernadette}, institution = {SIL Uganda-Tanzania}, local_ids = {98140}, @@ -46560,7 +46770,7 @@ @misc{bib5212 year = {2014} } -@book{bib5213, +@book{bib5236, author = {Mixco, Mauricio J.}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -46572,20 +46782,20 @@ @book{bib5213 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5214, +@book{bib5237, author = {Mixco, Mauricio Jésus}, publisher = {University of Utah Anthropological Papers}, title = {Kiliwa Dictionary}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5215, +@misc{bib5238, author = {Mixco, Mauricio J.}, title = {Kiliwa Grammar}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib5216, +@book{bib5239, author = {Mixco, Mauricio J.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -46595,7 +46805,7 @@ @book{bib5216 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5217, +@incollection{bib5240, author = {Golla, Victor and Goddard, Ives and Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne and Mixco, Mauricio}, editor = {Moseley, Chris and Asher, Ron}, address = {London}, @@ -46607,7 +46817,7 @@ @incollection{bib5217 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5218, +@incollection{bib5241, author = {Miyaoka, O.}, editor = {Krauss, M.}, booktitle = {Yupik Eskimo Prosodic Systems: descriptive and comparative studies}, @@ -46616,7 +46826,7 @@ @incollection{bib5218 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib5219, +@incollection{bib5242, author = {Miyaoka, Osahito}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -46625,7 +46835,7 @@ @incollection{bib5219 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib5220, +@incollection{bib5243, author = {Miyara, Shinsho}, editor = {Heinrich and P. and Miyara and S. and and Shimoji, M.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -46636,7 +46846,7 @@ @incollection{bib5220 url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/9781614511151} } -@misc{bib5221, +@misc{bib5244, author = {Miyashita and Mizuki and and Fish., Naatosi}, howpublished = {Paper presented at the 4th International Conference of Language Documentation and Conservation (ICLDC), Honolulu, Hawai’i.}, local_ids = {99310}, @@ -46646,7 +46856,7 @@ @misc{bib5221 year = {2015} } -@book{bib5222, +@book{bib5245, author = {Mo and Chao and Ma, Shiren and and 莫超、馬世仁、馬玉鳳, Yufeng Ma}, pages = {77-82}, publisher = {Journal of Northwest University for Nationalities (西北民族大學學報).}, @@ -46654,7 +46864,7 @@ @book{bib5222 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5223, +@book{bib5246, author = {Mock, Carol}, pages = {175}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social}, @@ -46664,7 +46874,7 @@ @book{bib5223 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib5224, +@misc{bib5247, author = {Modi, Yankee}, local_ids = {24627}, title = {"Documentation and establishment of a local archive for Milang, an endangered Tibeto-Burman language of North East India" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -46672,7 +46882,7 @@ @misc{bib5224 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5225, +@incollection{bib5248, author = {Moeckel, Barry and Moeckel, Bonnie}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -46684,27 +46894,27 @@ @incollection{bib5225 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib5226, +@misc{bib5249, author = {Mofu, Suriel Semuel}, title = {Biak Morphosyntax}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5227, +@misc{bib5250, author = {Jordan, Linda and Netzley, Jillian and Mohammed, Hussein}, title = {A Sociolinguistic Survey Report of the Zay People in Ethiopia}, url = {http://www-01.sil.org/SILESR/2011/silesr2011-046.pdf}, year = {2011} } -@book{bib5228, +@book{bib5251, author = {Moisio, A.}, publisher = {Turun yliopiston suomalaisen ja yleisen kielitieteen laitos}, title = {Marilais-suomalainen sanakirja}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5229, +@incollection{bib5252, author = {Molta, H. G. Amos}, editor = {Mishra, Awadesh K. and Wallang, Melissa G. and Devi, Ch. Sarajubala}, booktitle = {Studies in linguistics of the North-Eastern languages}, @@ -46713,7 +46923,7 @@ @incollection{bib5229 year = {2013} } -@article{bib5230, +@article{bib5253, author = {Longmailai, Monali and Langthasa, Anita and Saikia, Udipta and Boruah, Rinky and Basanta, Tanti}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -46728,28 +46938,28 @@ @article{bib5230 year = {2020} } -@book{bib5231, +@book{bib5254, author = {Mongui Sánchez, José Raúl}, publisher = {Publicaciones del Instituto Caro y Cuervo LIX}, title = {La lengua kamentzá: fonética-fonologıa-fextos}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib5232, +@book{bib5255, author = {Mongus, D. A.}, publisher = {Russkij jazyk}, title = {Russko-tuvinskij slovar: 32 000 slov = Orus-tyva slovar: 32 000 sfstug}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib5233, +@book{bib5256, author = {Monod-Becquelin, Aurore}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, title = {La pratique linguistique des indiens trumai (Haut-Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brésil)}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib5234, +@book{bib5257, author = {Monod-Bequelin, Aurore}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique}, series = {Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale}, @@ -46758,13 +46968,13 @@ @book{bib5234 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib5235, +@misc{bib5258, author = {Monserrat, Ruth Maria Fonini}, title = {A língua do povo Mỹky}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5236, +@incollection{bib5259, author = {Monserrat, Ruth Maria Fonini}, editor = {Rodrigues, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabra; Aryon Dall’Igna}, booktitle = {Novos Estudos sobre Línguas Indígenas}, @@ -46773,7 +46983,7 @@ @incollection{bib5236 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5237, +@book{bib5260, author = {Montag, Susan}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, series = {Serie Lingüística Peruana}, @@ -46783,7 +46993,7 @@ @book{bib5237 year = {1981} } -@book{bib5238, +@book{bib5261, author = {Montag, Susan}, pages = {165}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -46794,7 +47004,7 @@ @book{bib5238 year = {1979} } -@book{bib5239, +@book{bib5262, author = {Montag, Susan}, pages = {143}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -46805,7 +47015,7 @@ @book{bib5239 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5240, +@article{bib5263, author = {Castaño;, Tulio R. Curieux; Geny G. and Montenegro, Esteban D.}, institution = {The Kellogg Institute for International Studies}, journal = {Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Teaching and Learning Indigenous Languages of Latin America}, @@ -46817,7 +47027,7 @@ @article{bib5240 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5241, +@book{bib5264, author = {Montes Rodríguez, María Emilia}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Universidad de los Andes}, @@ -46827,7 +47037,7 @@ @book{bib5241 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5242, +@book{bib5265, author = {Montes Rodrıguez, Marıa Emilia}, publisher = {Universidad de Los Andes}, series = {Lenguas aborıgenes de Colombia: Descripciones}, @@ -46836,7 +47046,7 @@ @book{bib5242 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5243, +@article{bib5266, author = {Montgomery, Michael}, journal = {English World-Wide}, number = {3}, @@ -46846,13 +47056,13 @@ @article{bib5243 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5244, +@misc{bib5267, author = {Montgomery-Anderson, Brad}, title = {A Reference Grammar of Oklahoma Cherokee}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib5245, +@book{bib5268, author = {Montler, Timothy}, address = {Seatle}, local_ids = {96320}, @@ -46861,7 +47071,7 @@ @book{bib5245 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5246, +@book{bib5269, author = {Montler, Timothy}, address = {Hull}, publisher = {Canadian Museum of Civilization}, @@ -46871,14 +47081,14 @@ @book{bib5246 year = {1991} } -@book{bib5247, +@book{bib5270, author = {Moore, Barbara J. and Franklin, Gail L.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Breves notıcias da língua makú-hupda}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib5248, +@book{bib5271, author = {Moore, Barbara J. and Franklin, Gail L.}, pages = {31}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -46888,7 +47098,7 @@ @book{bib5248 year = {1979} } -@article{bib5249, +@article{bib5272, author = {Moore, Denny}, journal = {Estudos Lingüísticos}, pages = {515-520}, @@ -46897,7 +47107,7 @@ @article{bib5249 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5250, +@book{bib5273, author = {Moore, Bruce R.}, pages = {71}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -46907,13 +47117,13 @@ @book{bib5250 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib5251, +@misc{bib5274, author = {Moore, Denny}, title = {Syntax of the Language of the Gavião Indians of Rondônia, Brazil}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib5252, +@article{bib5275, author = {Moore, Denny and Meyer, Julien}, journal = {Language Documentation and Conservation}, local_ids = {99291}, @@ -46924,7 +47134,7 @@ @article{bib5252 year = {2014} } -@book{bib5253, +@book{bib5276, author = {Umaña, A. Costenla and Figueroa, F. Elizondo and Mora, F. Pereira}, address = {San José, Costa Rica}, publisher = {Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica}, @@ -46932,13 +47142,13 @@ @book{bib5253 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib5254, +@misc{bib5277, author = {Morales Romero, V.}, title = {Regularidades morfológicas y sintácticas de la lengua Kari'ña}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib5255, +@article{bib5278, author = {Moran, Paul and Moran, Dorothy}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {29-71}, @@ -46947,21 +47157,21 @@ @article{bib5255 year = {1977} } -@book{bib5256, +@book{bib5279, author = {Morelli, Steve}, publisher = {Muurrbay Language and Culture Centre}, title = {Gumbaynggir Dictionary and Learner's Grammar}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib5257, +@book{bib5280, author = {Morelli, Steve}, publisher = {Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative}, title = {Yaygirr dictionary and grammar}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5258, +@incollection{bib5281, author = {Moreno, Camilo Alberto Robayo}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -46970,7 +47180,7 @@ @incollection{bib5258 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5259, +@article{bib5282, author = {Moreno, Federico Rivas}, journal = {El Pais}, local_ids = {99700}, @@ -46980,7 +47190,7 @@ @article{bib5259 year = {2022} } -@incollection{bib5260, +@incollection{bib5283, author = {Moreno, Camilo Alberto Robayo}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -46989,7 +47199,7 @@ @incollection{bib5260 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5261, +@book{bib5284, author = {Morev, L. N.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -46998,7 +47208,7 @@ @book{bib5261 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib5262, +@misc{bib5285, author = {Morey, Stephen}, local_ids = {2448}, title = {"A comprehensive comparative grammar of the Turung and Singpho languages of Assam" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -47006,7 +47216,7 @@ @misc{bib5262 year = {2005} } -@article{bib5263, +@article{bib5286, author = {Morey, Robert V.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -47016,7 +47226,7 @@ @article{bib5263 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib5264, +@incollection{bib5287, author = {Morey, Stephen}, editor = {Elangaiyan, R. and Brown, R. McKenna and Ostler, N. D. M. and and Verma, M. K.}, booktitle = {Vital voices: Endangered languages and multilingualism}, @@ -47025,7 +47235,7 @@ @incollection{bib5264 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib5265, +@incollection{bib5288, author = {Morey, Stephen}, booktitle = {The Tai languages of Assam: A grammar and texts}, local_ids = {98067}, @@ -47034,7 +47244,7 @@ @incollection{bib5265 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5266, +@book{bib5289, author = {Morey, Stephen}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {700}, @@ -47045,7 +47255,7 @@ @book{bib5266 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5267, +@incollection{bib5290, author = {Morey, Stephen}, editor = {Morey, Stephen and Post, Mark}, booktitle = {North East Indian Linguistics}, @@ -47054,13 +47264,13 @@ @incollection{bib5267 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib5268, +@misc{bib5291, author = {Morgan, L.}, title = {A Description of the Kutenai Language}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib5269, +@misc{bib5292, author = {Morgan, Juliet Liane}, institution = {University of Oklahoma}, local_ids = {98430}, @@ -47070,13 +47280,13 @@ @misc{bib5269 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib5270, +@misc{bib5293, author = {Morgan, Daniel R.}, title = {Overview of Grammatical Structures of Ndut: A Cangin Language of Senegal}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib5271, +@article{bib5294, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95900}, @@ -47086,7 +47296,7 @@ @article{bib5271 year = {1983} } -@article{bib5272, +@article{bib5295, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Acta Orientalia}, pages = {206-257}, @@ -47095,7 +47305,7 @@ @article{bib5272 year = {1940} } -@article{bib5273, +@article{bib5296, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap}, pages = {61-95}, @@ -47104,7 +47314,7 @@ @article{bib5273 year = {1945} } -@article{bib5274, +@article{bib5297, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Det norske videnskabs-akademi. Skrifter}, pages = {1-62}, @@ -47113,7 +47323,7 @@ @article{bib5274 year = {1950} } -@article{bib5275, +@article{bib5298, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap (Norwegian Journal of Linguistics)}, pages = {91-117, 162-170}, @@ -47122,7 +47332,7 @@ @article{bib5275 year = {1958} } -@article{bib5276, +@article{bib5299, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Acta Orientalia}, @@ -47133,7 +47343,7 @@ @article{bib5276 year = {1934} } -@book{bib5277, +@book{bib5300, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, address = {Oslo}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -47146,7 +47356,7 @@ @book{bib5277 year = {1973} } -@article{bib5278, +@article{bib5301, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap (Norwegian Journal of Linguistics)}, pages = {72-140}, @@ -47155,7 +47365,7 @@ @article{bib5278 year = {1960} } -@article{bib5279, +@article{bib5302, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap}, pages = {186-334}, @@ -47164,7 +47374,7 @@ @article{bib5279 year = {1949} } -@article{bib5280, +@article{bib5303, author = {Morgenstierne, Georg}, journal = {Norsk Tidskrift for Sprogvidenskap}, pages = {146-324}, @@ -47173,7 +47383,7 @@ @article{bib5280 year = {1954} } -@book{bib5281, +@book{bib5304, author = {Mori, Ángel Corbera}, address = {Lima}, pages = {98}, @@ -47182,7 +47392,7 @@ @book{bib5281 year = {1984} } -@book{bib5282, +@book{bib5305, author = {Mori, Ángel Corbera}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {CILA, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos}, @@ -47190,7 +47400,7 @@ @book{bib5282 year = {1992} } -@book{bib5283, +@book{bib5306, author = {Mori, Ángel Corbera}, address = {Lima}, pages = {85}, @@ -47199,7 +47409,7 @@ @book{bib5283 year = {1981} } -@article{bib5284, +@article{bib5307, author = {Mori, Ángel Corbera}, journal = {Panorama Amazónica}, pages = {67-71}, @@ -47208,7 +47418,7 @@ @article{bib5284 year = {1980} } -@article{bib5285, +@article{bib5308, author = {Mori, Angel Corbera}, journal = {ESTUDOS LINGUÍSTICOS}, local_ids = {98267}, @@ -47220,7 +47430,7 @@ @article{bib5285 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5286, +@book{bib5309, author = {Morice, A. G.}, address = {Österreich}, publisher = {Anthropos}, @@ -47228,14 +47438,14 @@ @book{bib5286 year = {1932} } -@book{bib5287, +@book{bib5310, author = {Moridi and B. and and Ourang, M.}, publisher = {Sobhe Entezar Publication.}, title = {Amouzeshe Zabane Farsi be Lari zabanan:Molahezate zabanshenasiye karbordi [Teaching Persian to Lari speakers: Applied linguistics considerations]}, year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib5288, +@incollection{bib5311, author = {Morin, Yves-Charles and Tiffou, Etienne}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {Passive and Voice}, @@ -47244,7 +47454,7 @@ @incollection{bib5288 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib5289, +@misc{bib5312, author = {Moro, Francesca Romana}, local_ids = {99657}, month = {February}, @@ -47254,7 +47464,7 @@ @misc{bib5289 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5290, +@incollection{bib5313, author = {Morphy, Frances}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 3}, @@ -47263,7 +47473,7 @@ @incollection{bib5290 year = {1983} } -@article{bib5291, +@article{bib5314, author = {Morrison, Dan}, journal = {National Geographic}, local_ids = {89581}, @@ -47274,7 +47484,7 @@ @article{bib5291 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5292, +@book{bib5315, author = {Morse, Nancey L. and Maxwell, Michael B.}, publisher = {University of Texas and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Studies in the Languages of Colombia}, @@ -47283,7 +47493,7 @@ @book{bib5292 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib5293, +@incollection{bib5316, author = {Ferguson, J. and Hollinger, C. and Criswell, L. and Morse, N. L.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -47292,7 +47502,7 @@ @incollection{bib5293 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5294, +@incollection{bib5317, author = {Morse, Stephen A.}, editor = {Bradley, David and Henderson, Eugénie J. A. and Mazaudon, Martine}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -47304,14 +47514,14 @@ @incollection{bib5294 year = {1988} } -@book{bib5295, +@book{bib5318, author = {Morse, Nancy L. and Maxwell, Michael B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Gramática del cubeo}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5296, +@book{bib5319, author = {Mortensen, Charles Arthur}, publisher = {SIL International and University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Studies in the Languages of Colombia}, @@ -47320,7 +47530,7 @@ @book{bib5296 year = {1999} } -@article{bib5297, +@article{bib5320, author = {Mortier, Rodolf}, journal = {Aequatoria}, pages = {1-8}, @@ -47329,7 +47539,7 @@ @article{bib5297 year = {1941} } -@article{bib5298, +@article{bib5321, author = {Mortier, Rudolf}, journal = {Kongo-Overzee}, pages = {245-251}, @@ -47338,13 +47548,13 @@ @article{bib5298 year = {1936-1937} } -@misc{bib5299, +@misc{bib5322, author = {Morton, Thomas Barry}, title = {Sociolinguistic variation and language change in el Palenque de San Basílio (Colombia)}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5300, +@misc{bib5323, author = {Morton, Deborah C.}, howpublished = {Manuscript}, local_ids = {92680}, @@ -47354,13 +47564,13 @@ @misc{bib5300 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib5301, +@misc{bib5324, author = {Morton, Deborah C.}, title = {The Temporal and Aspectual Semantics and Verbal Tonology of Gisida Anii}, year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib5302, +@incollection{bib5325, author = {Batibo, Herman M. and Mosaka, Naledi}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Düsseldorf, Germany}, @@ -47373,20 +47583,20 @@ @incollection{bib5302 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5303, +@book{bib5326, author = {Mosel, Ulrike and Spriggs, Ruth}, publisher = {Department of Linguistics, Australian National University. Unpublished}, title = {A sketch grammar of Teop}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib5304, +@misc{bib5327, author = {Mosel, Ulrike}, title = {Draft Forthcoming Teop Grammar}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5305, +@incollection{bib5328, author = {Mosel, Ulrike and Spriggs, Ruth}, editor = {Hovdhaugen, Even and Mosel, Ulrike}, booktitle = {Negation in Oceanic Languages}, @@ -47395,7 +47605,7 @@ @incollection{bib5305 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5306, +@book{bib5329, author = {Mosel, Ulrike}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -47405,7 +47615,7 @@ @book{bib5306 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5307, +@book{bib5330, author = {ed., Christopher Moseley}, address = {Paris}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, @@ -47417,7 +47627,7 @@ @book{bib5307 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5308, +@book{bib5331, author = {Moseley, Christopher}, howpublished = {E-book}, isbn = {203645659}, @@ -47427,7 +47637,7 @@ @book{bib5308 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5309, +@book{bib5332, author = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {Abingdon}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, @@ -47440,7 +47650,7 @@ @book{bib5309 year = {2007} } -@book{bib5310, +@book{bib5333, author = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -47450,7 +47660,7 @@ @book{bib5310 year = {2002} } -@article{bib5311, +@article{bib5334, author = {Moseley, Christopher}, journal = {Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri (Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics)}, local_ids = {98828}, @@ -47462,20 +47672,20 @@ @article{bib5311 year = {2014} } -@book{bib5312, +@book{bib5335, author = {Moser, Edward and Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Abecedario seri}, year = {1955} } -@misc{bib5313, +@misc{bib5336, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, title = {Aclaraciones sobre la ortografía seri}, year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib5314, +@incollection{bib5337, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, editor = {Golla, Victor}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Hokan-Penutian Workshop Survey of California and other Indian languages, Report 9}, @@ -47484,7 +47694,7 @@ @incollection{bib5314 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib5315, +@incollection{bib5338, author = {Moser, Mary B.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1977 Hokan-Yuman Languages Workshop Occasional Papers on Linguistics}, pages = {67-89}, @@ -47494,14 +47704,14 @@ @incollection{bib5315 year = {1978} } -@book{bib5316, +@book{bib5339, author = {Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Cartilla seri}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib5317, +@article{bib5340, author = {Moser, Edward W. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {50-67}, @@ -47510,7 +47720,7 @@ @article{bib5317 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib5318, +@incollection{bib5341, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, editor = {Cruz, Gerardo López and Zamarrón, José Luis Moctezuma}, booktitle = {Estudios de Lingüística y SociolingüísticaUniversidad de Sonora & Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia}, @@ -47519,21 +47729,21 @@ @incollection{bib5318 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5319, +@book{bib5342, author = {Moser, Edward and Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Hablemos español (Cocsar íitong quih cöscóoza)}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib5320, +@book{bib5343, author = {Moser, Edward and Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Los números en seri}, year = {1956} } -@incollection{bib5321, +@incollection{bib5344, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, editor = {Fernández, Zarina Estrada}, booktitle = {Encuentro de lingüística en el noroeste, memorias}, @@ -47542,7 +47752,7 @@ @incollection{bib5321 year = {1994} } -@article{bib5322, +@article{bib5345, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {SIL Electronic Working Papers}, title = {Los números en seri}, @@ -47550,13 +47760,13 @@ @article{bib5322 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5323, +@misc{bib5346, author = {Moser, Edward W.}, title = {Number in Seri verbs}, year = {1961} } -@article{bib5324, +@article{bib5347, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, pages = {1-9}, @@ -47565,7 +47775,7 @@ @article{bib5324 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5325, +@book{bib5348, author = {Moser, Edward and Moser, Mary B.}, address = {D. F.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, México}, @@ -47575,14 +47785,14 @@ @book{bib5325 year = {1961} } -@book{bib5326, +@book{bib5349, author = {Moser, Mary B. and Marlett, Stephen A.}, publisher = {Archivo de Lenguas Indígenas de México}, title = {Seri de Sonora}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib5327, +@article{bib5350, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, title = {Seri dictionary: body parts, bodily processes, sickness and medicine}, @@ -47590,14 +47800,14 @@ @article{bib5327 year = {1998} } -@book{bib5328, +@book{bib5351, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota.}, title = {Seri dictionary: colors}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib5329, +@article{bib5352, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session}, title = {Seri dictionary: earth, sea, sky, time and weather}, @@ -47605,7 +47815,7 @@ @article{bib5329 year = {1998} } -@article{bib5330, +@article{bib5353, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, title = {Seri dictionary: mammals}, @@ -47613,7 +47823,7 @@ @article{bib5330 year = {1998} } -@article{bib5331, +@article{bib5354, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session}, title = {Seri dictionary: people and kinship terms}, @@ -47621,7 +47831,7 @@ @article{bib5331 year = {1997} } -@article{bib5332, +@article{bib5355, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota}, title = {Seri dictionary: plants}, @@ -47629,7 +47839,7 @@ @article{bib5332 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib5333, +@incollection{bib5356, author = {Moser, Edward W. and Moser, Mary B.}, editor = {Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {Hokan Studies}, @@ -47638,7 +47848,7 @@ @incollection{bib5333 year = {1976} } -@book{bib5334, +@book{bib5357, author = {Moser, Mary B.}, editor = {Redden, James E.}, pages = {79-92}, @@ -47648,7 +47858,7 @@ @book{bib5334 year = {1976} } -@article{bib5335, +@article{bib5358, author = {Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {113-120}, @@ -47657,7 +47867,7 @@ @article{bib5335 year = {1978} } -@article{bib5336, +@article{bib5359, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Moser, Mary B.}, journal = {Anales de Antropología}, pages = {367-88}, @@ -47666,14 +47876,14 @@ @article{bib5336 year = {1989} } -@book{bib5337, +@book{bib5360, author = {Moser, Edward W. and Moser, Mary B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario seri: seri-castellano, castellano-seri}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib5338, +@book{bib5361, author = {Moshinsky, Julius}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -47683,7 +47893,7 @@ @book{bib5338 year = {1972} } -@book{bib5339, +@book{bib5362, author = {Moshinsky, Julius}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -47692,7 +47902,7 @@ @book{bib5339 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib5340, +@incollection{bib5363, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, editor = {de Montes, María Luisa Rodríguez}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, @@ -47704,7 +47914,7 @@ @incollection{bib5340 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib5341, +@incollection{bib5364, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos and Camico, H.}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -47715,7 +47925,7 @@ @incollection{bib5341 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5342, +@incollection{bib5365, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -47724,7 +47934,7 @@ @incollection{bib5342 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5343, +@incollection{bib5366, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos and Machal, Marcelo}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, booktitle = {Manual de lenguas indıgenas de Venezuela 1}, @@ -47733,7 +47943,7 @@ @incollection{bib5343 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5344, +@article{bib5367, author = {Mosonyi, E. E.}, journal = {Boletín de Lingüística}, pages = {71-103}, @@ -47742,7 +47952,7 @@ @article{bib5344 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5345, +@incollection{bib5368, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -47751,7 +47961,7 @@ @incollection{bib5345 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5346, +@incollection{bib5369, author = {Mosonyi, J. C.}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -47762,7 +47972,7 @@ @incollection{bib5346 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5347, +@incollection{bib5370, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge C. and Uriana, Jorge González and Ipuana, Ramón Paz}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -47773,7 +47983,7 @@ @incollection{bib5347 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5348, +@incollection{bib5371, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -47782,7 +47992,7 @@ @incollection{bib5348 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5349, +@incollection{bib5372, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos and Tamanaico, Pedro J. Medina}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, booktitle = {Manual de lenguas indıgenas de Venezuela 2}, @@ -47791,7 +48001,7 @@ @incollection{bib5349 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5350, +@incollection{bib5373, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, editor = {Pottier, B.}, booktitle = {América Latina en sus Lenguas Indígenas Colección Especial Temas Venezolanos}, @@ -47801,7 +48011,7 @@ @incollection{bib5350 year = {1983} } -@book{bib5351, +@book{bib5374, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Universidad Central de Venezuela}, @@ -47809,7 +48019,7 @@ @book{bib5351 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5352, +@incollection{bib5375, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Benavides, Basilio}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -47820,7 +48030,7 @@ @incollection{bib5352 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5353, +@incollection{bib5376, author = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and García, Jorge Ramón}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -47831,7 +48041,7 @@ @incollection{bib5353 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5354, +@incollection{bib5377, author = {Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos Mosonyi and Garcıa, Jorge Ramón}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilio and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, booktitle = {Manual de lenguas indıgenas de Venezuela 2}, @@ -47840,7 +48050,7 @@ @incollection{bib5354 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5355, +@book{bib5378, author = {Mouchet, J.}, series = {Recherches et études Camerounaises}, title = {Le parler daba: esquisse grammaticale précédé d'une note sur l'ethnie daba, suivie de lexiques daba-français et français-daba}, @@ -47848,14 +48058,14 @@ @book{bib5355 year = {1966} } -@book{bib5356, +@book{bib5379, author = {Mourigh, Khalid}, publisher = {Leiden University Centre for Linguistics (LUCL)}, title = {A grammar of Ghomara Berber}, year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib5357, +@incollection{bib5380, author = {Mous, Maarten}, editor = {Zaborski, Andrzej}, address = {Wiesbaden}, @@ -47868,7 +48078,7 @@ @incollection{bib5357 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5358, +@incollection{bib5381, author = {Mous, Maarten}, editor = {Janse, Mark and Tol, Sjimen}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -47883,7 +48093,7 @@ @incollection{bib5358 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5359, +@incollection{bib5382, author = {Mous, M.}, editor = {Bakker, P. and Mous, M.}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -47895,7 +48105,7 @@ @incollection{bib5359 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib5360, +@incollection{bib5383, author = {Mous, Maarten}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -47908,7 +48118,7 @@ @incollection{bib5360 year = {2013} } -@article{bib5361, +@article{bib5384, author = {Petrollino, Sara and Mous, Maarten}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, local_ids = {89940}, @@ -47920,7 +48130,7 @@ @article{bib5361 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5362, +@incollection{bib5385, author = {Mous, Maarten}, editor = {Crawhall, Nigel and Ostler, Nicholas}, address = {Bath}, @@ -47933,27 +48143,27 @@ @incollection{bib5362 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5363, +@misc{bib5386, author = {Moye, J. F.}, title = {Reduplication in Kom: A Morphosyntactic Study}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib5364, +@misc{bib5387, author = {Mpamei, Caleb}, pages = {122pp}, title = {A phonetic study on Rongmei}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib5365, +@book{bib5388, author = {Mu, Shihua 木仕華}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House (民族出版社)}, title = {Kazhuo yu yan jiu (卡卓語研究) [A study of Kazhuo]}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib5366, +@misc{bib5389, author = {Mubarak, Susan Alamin}, local_ids = {24549}, title = {"A preliminary linguistic survey of the Tagoi language, Nuba Mountains, Sudan" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -47961,14 +48171,14 @@ @misc{bib5366 year = {2011} } -@book{bib5367, +@book{bib5390, author = {Mucke, K. E.}, publisher = {Zentral-Antiquariat der DDR}, title = {Laut- und Formlehre der Niedersorbischen Sprache}, year = {1965} } -@article{bib5368, +@article{bib5391, author = {Mugaddam, Abdel Rahim Hamid}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development}, @@ -47981,7 +48191,7 @@ @article{bib5368 year = {2006} } -@article{bib5369, +@article{bib5392, author = {Mukarovsky, Hans G.}, journal = {Archiv für Völkerkunde}, pages = {75-88}, @@ -47990,7 +48200,7 @@ @article{bib5369 year = {1966} } -@book{bib5370, +@book{bib5393, author = {Mukarovsky, Hans G.}, pages = {187-226}, publisher = {AuU. LXIV}, @@ -47998,20 +48208,20 @@ @book{bib5370 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib5371, +@misc{bib5394, author = {Mulder, Jean Gail}, title = {Ergativity in Coast Tsimshian (Sm'algyax)}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib5372, +@book{bib5395, author = {Mulder, Jean Gail}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Ergativity in Coast Tsimshian (Sm'algyax)}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib5373, +@misc{bib5396, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and Mugaddam, Abdel Rahim and Bashir, Abeer and Alamin, Suzan and Schneider-Blum, Gertrud and Mumin, Meikal}, institution = {Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen}, local_ids = {88643}, @@ -48021,7 +48231,7 @@ @misc{bib5373 year = {2006} } -@article{bib5374, +@article{bib5397, author = {Mundlay, Asha}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {17-48}, @@ -48030,7 +48240,7 @@ @article{bib5374 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5375, +@book{bib5398, author = {Munnings, Mary Jane and Munnings, Peter}, pages = {45}, publisher = {Cenderawasih University and Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -48038,14 +48248,14 @@ @book{bib5375 year = {1990} } -@book{bib5376, +@book{bib5399, author = {Munro, Pamela and Brown, Nellie}, publisher = {Colorado River Tribes Adult Education}, title = {A Mojave Dictionary}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib5377, +@article{bib5400, author = {Munro, Pamela and Gordon, Matthew and Ladefoged, Peter}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, pages = {287-290}, @@ -48054,7 +48264,7 @@ @article{bib5377 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5378, +@incollection{bib5401, author = {Munro, Pamela}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -48065,27 +48275,27 @@ @incollection{bib5378 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5379, +@book{bib5402, author = {Munro, Pamela and Willmond, Catherine}, publisher = {University of Oklahoma Press}, title = {Chickasaw: An Analytical Dictionary}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib5380, +@misc{bib5403, author = {Munro, Pamela}, title = {Luiseño}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib5381, +@book{bib5404, author = {Munro, Pamela}, publisher = {Garland}, title = {Mojave Syntax}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib5382, +@article{bib5405, author = {Munro, Pamela}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -48095,7 +48305,7 @@ @article{bib5382 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib5383, +@incollection{bib5406, author = {Munro, Pamela and Ulrich, Charles H.}, editor = {Cobler and Mark and et al.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Third Annual West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics}, @@ -48104,13 +48314,13 @@ @incollection{bib5383 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib5384, +@misc{bib5407, author = {Munshi, Sadaf}, title = {Jammu and Kashmir Burushaski: language, language contact, and change}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5385, +@misc{bib5408, author = {Munshi, Sadaf}, institution = {University of North Texas}, local_ids = {98026}, @@ -48119,13 +48329,13 @@ @misc{bib5385 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5386, +@misc{bib5409, author = {Muntzel, Martha C.}, title = {The Structure of Ocuilteco}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib5387, +@misc{bib5410, author = {Heidemann, Frank and Demmer, Ulrich and Pilot-Raichoor, Christiane and Ravindranath, B. K. and Nai, N. R. Rajashekharan and Muralidharan, R.}, local_ids = {88099}, title = {"Kurumba" DoBES Project}, @@ -48133,7 +48343,7 @@ @misc{bib5387 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib5388, +@incollection{bib5411, author = {Muratov, S. N.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -48142,7 +48352,7 @@ @incollection{bib5388 year = {1997} } -@article{bib5389, +@article{bib5412, author = {Murdock, George Peter}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {3}, @@ -48152,7 +48362,7 @@ @article{bib5389 year = {1936} } -@article{bib5390, +@article{bib5413, author = {Murillo Miranda, José Manuel}, journal = {Letras}, local_ids = {98334}, @@ -48163,7 +48373,7 @@ @article{bib5390 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5391, +@incollection{bib5414, author = {Murra, John}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48175,7 +48385,7 @@ @incollection{bib5391 year = {1948} } -@article{bib5392, +@article{bib5415, author = {Musa, Mahani}, journal = {Kajian Malaysia, Journal of Malaysian Studies}, local_ids = {96100}, @@ -48185,7 +48395,7 @@ @article{bib5392 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5393, +@incollection{bib5416, author = {Musaev, K. M.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -48194,7 +48404,7 @@ @incollection{bib5393 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5394, +@incollection{bib5417, author = {Musaev, K. M.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -48203,7 +48413,7 @@ @incollection{bib5394 year = {1997} } -@book{bib5395, +@book{bib5418, author = {Musgrave, Jill}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {98296}, @@ -48212,7 +48422,7 @@ @book{bib5395 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5396, +@article{bib5419, author = {Donohue, Mark and Musgrave, Simon}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -48222,7 +48432,7 @@ @article{bib5396 year = {2007} } -@book{bib5397, +@book{bib5420, author = {Mushin, Ilana}, address = {Boston, MA}, isbn = {9781614513063}, @@ -48232,7 +48442,7 @@ @book{bib5397 year = {2012} } -@article{bib5398, +@article{bib5421, author = {Mushin, Ilana}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {1-31}, @@ -48241,7 +48451,7 @@ @article{bib5398 year = {1995} } -@book{bib5399, +@book{bib5422, author = {Mushin, Ilana}, address = {Borroloola}, publisher = {Garrwa Language Project}, @@ -48249,7 +48459,7 @@ @book{bib5399 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5400, +@article{bib5423, author = {Mushin, Ilana}, address = {Amsterdam}, institution = {University of Sydney}, @@ -48263,7 +48473,7 @@ @article{bib5400 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5401, +@incollection{bib5424, author = {Kuznetsova, Natalia and Markus, Elena and Muslimov, Mehmet}, editor = {Marten, H. and Riessler, M. and Saarikivi, J. and Toivanen, R.}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -48278,13 +48488,13 @@ @incollection{bib5401 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib5402, +@misc{bib5425, author = {Mutu, M.}, title = {Aspects of the structure of the 'Ua Pou Dialects of the Marquesan Language}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib5403, +@book{bib5426, author = {Mutu, Margaret and Teikitutoua, Ben}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xv+115}, @@ -48295,7 +48505,7 @@ @book{bib5403 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5404, +@book{bib5427, author = {Mutzafi, Hezy}, address = {Wiesbaden}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -48307,7 +48517,7 @@ @book{bib5404 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5405, +@article{bib5428, author = {Mutzafi, Hezy}, journal = {Bulletin of SOAS}, local_ids = {93282}, @@ -48317,7 +48527,7 @@ @article{bib5405 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib5406, +@incollection{bib5429, author = {Muysken, P.}, editor = {Thomason, Sarah Grey}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -48329,7 +48539,7 @@ @incollection{bib5406 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5407, +@incollection{bib5430, author = {Muysken, Pieter}, editor = {van der Voort, Hein and van de Kerke, Simon}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -48341,7 +48551,7 @@ @incollection{bib5407 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5408, +@article{bib5431, author = {Muysken, Pieter}, journal = {International Journal on Multicultural Societies}, number = {2}, @@ -48351,7 +48561,7 @@ @article{bib5408 year = {2002} } -@book{bib5409, +@book{bib5432, author = {Myar, Naw Shay}, institution = {ISO 639-3 Registration Authority}, local_ids = {99562}, @@ -48364,13 +48574,13 @@ @book{bib5409 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib5410, +@misc{bib5433, author = {Méndez, Rodgrigo Moreno}, title = {Animalitos del desierto y del mar}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib5411, +@article{bib5434, author = {Méndez-Arocha, Alberto}, journal = {Antropológica}, pages = {65-84}, @@ -48379,7 +48589,7 @@ @article{bib5411 year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib5412, +@incollection{bib5435, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48391,7 +48601,7 @@ @incollection{bib5412 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib5413, +@incollection{bib5436, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48403,7 +48613,7 @@ @incollection{bib5413 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib5414, +@incollection{bib5437, author = {Armstrong, John M. and Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48415,7 +48625,7 @@ @incollection{bib5414 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5415, +@incollection{bib5438, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, booktitle = {The Marginal Tribes Handbook of South American Indians}, @@ -48426,7 +48636,7 @@ @incollection{bib5415 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib5416, +@incollection{bib5439, author = {Métraux, Alfrex}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48438,7 +48648,7 @@ @incollection{bib5416 year = {1948} } -@book{bib5417, +@book{bib5440, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution}, @@ -48448,7 +48658,7 @@ @book{bib5417 year = {1942} } -@incollection{bib5418, +@incollection{bib5441, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48460,7 +48670,7 @@ @incollection{bib5418 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5419, +@incollection{bib5442, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48472,7 +48682,7 @@ @incollection{bib5419 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib5420, +@incollection{bib5443, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48484,7 +48694,7 @@ @incollection{bib5420 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5421, +@incollection{bib5444, author = {Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48496,7 +48706,7 @@ @incollection{bib5421 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5422, +@incollection{bib5445, author = {Steward, Julian H. and Métraux, Alfred}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -48508,7 +48718,7 @@ @incollection{bib5422 year = {1948} } -@article{bib5423, +@article{bib5446, author = {Möhlig, W. J. G.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {1}, @@ -48518,7 +48728,7 @@ @article{bib5423 year = {1986} } -@book{bib5424, +@book{bib5447, author = {Múgica, C.}, address = {Barranquilla}, publisher = {Gráficas Mora y Escofet}, @@ -48526,7 +48736,7 @@ @book{bib5424 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib5425, +@incollection{bib5448, author = {Mühlhäusler, Peter}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -48539,7 +48749,7 @@ @incollection{bib5425 year = {2013} } -@article{bib5426, +@article{bib5449, author = {Münzel, M.}, journal = {Revista de Antropologiía}, pages = {137-181}, @@ -48548,7 +48758,7 @@ @article{bib5426 year = {1969-1972} } -@incollection{bib5427, +@incollection{bib5450, author = {N., Zhukova A.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongolskie jazyki i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -48556,7 +48766,7 @@ @incollection{bib5427 year = {1968} } -@article{bib5428, +@article{bib5451, author = {NONAKA, ANGELA M.}, journal = {Language in Society}, number = {5}, @@ -48566,7 +48776,7 @@ @article{bib5428 year = {2004} } -@book{bib5429, +@book{bib5452, author = {Nadel, Siegfried Frederick}, address = {London}, pages = {527}, @@ -48575,7 +48785,7 @@ @book{bib5429 year = {1947} } -@article{bib5430, +@article{bib5453, author = {Naden, Tony}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, @@ -48585,7 +48795,7 @@ @article{bib5430 year = {1986} } -@article{bib5431, +@article{bib5454, author = {Naessan, Petter}, howpublished = {Print and Online}, isbn = {0726-8602 (Print), 1469-2996 (Online)}, @@ -48602,7 +48812,7 @@ @article{bib5431 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5432, +@incollection{bib5455, author = {Nag, Moni}, editor = {LeBar, Frank M.}, address = {New Haven}, @@ -48614,21 +48824,21 @@ @incollection{bib5432 year = {1972} } -@book{bib5433, +@book{bib5456, author = {Nagaraja, K. S.}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, title = {Konyak Grammar}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib5434, +@book{bib5457, author = {Nagaraja, K. S.}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, title = {Korku Language: Grammar, Texts and Vocabulary}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib5435, +@article{bib5458, author = {Nagaraja, K. S.}, journal = {Indian Linguistics}, pages = {259-265}, @@ -48637,14 +48847,14 @@ @article{bib5435 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5436, +@book{bib5459, author = {Nagaraja, K. S.}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, title = {The Nihali Language (Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary)}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib5437, +@book{bib5460, author = {Nagy, Naomi}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -48654,7 +48864,7 @@ @book{bib5437 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5438, +@article{bib5461, author = {Nagy, Naomi}, journal = {Journal of Sociolinguistics}, local_ids = {94920}, @@ -48665,26 +48875,26 @@ @article{bib5438 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5439, +@misc{bib5462, author = {Nahayama, Toshihido}, title = {Discourse-pragmatic dynamism in Nootka morphosyntax}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5440, +@misc{bib5463, author = {Nahhas, Ramzi W.}, title = {Sociolinguistic Survey of Mpi in Thailand}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib5441, +@book{bib5464, author = {Haywood, J. A. and Nahmad, H. M.}, publisher = {Harvard University Press}, title = {New Arabic Grammar of the Written Language}, year = {1962} } -@book{bib5442, +@book{bib5465, author = {Naish, Constance M.}, pages = {176}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -48694,7 +48904,7 @@ @book{bib5442 year = {1979} } -@book{bib5443, +@book{bib5466, author = {Najlis, Elena L.}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Instituto de Filología y Lingüística, Universidad del Salvador}, @@ -48704,7 +48914,7 @@ @book{bib5443 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib5444, +@incollection{bib5467, author = {Traill, Anthony and Nakagawa, H.}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Tsonope, J.}, booktitle = {The State of Khoesan Languages in Botswana}, @@ -48713,7 +48923,7 @@ @incollection{bib5444 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5445, +@article{bib5468, author = {Nakagawa, H.}, journal = {African Study Monographs: Supplement}, pages = {101-124}, @@ -48722,7 +48932,7 @@ @article{bib5445 year = {1996} } -@phdthesis{bib5446, +@phdthesis{bib5469, author = {Nakagawa, Hirosi}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {67057}, @@ -48733,7 +48943,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib5446 year = {2006} } -@book{bib5447, +@book{bib5470, author = {Nakayama, Toshihide}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -48743,7 +48953,7 @@ @book{bib5447 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5448, +@incollection{bib5471, author = {Haacke, Wilfrid and Eiseb, Eliphas and Namaseb, Levi}, editor = {Haacke, W. H. G. and Elderkin, E. D.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -48755,7 +48965,7 @@ @incollection{bib5448 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5449, +@incollection{bib5472, author = {Namaseb, Levi}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Tsonope, Joseph}, address = {Mogoditshane (Botswana) & Gaborone}, @@ -48768,14 +48978,14 @@ @incollection{bib5449 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5450, +@book{bib5473, author = {Nance, R. Morton}, publisher = {Cornish Language Board}, title = {An English-Cornish and Cornish-English Dictionary}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib5451, +@book{bib5474, author = {Nangoloh, Phil ya and Trumper, W. and Mnakapa, Zen-Asser}, address = {Windhoek}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -48785,7 +48995,7 @@ @book{bib5451 year = {1996} } -@article{bib5452, +@article{bib5475, author = {Wiedemann, Sabine and Nannyombi, Prossy}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -48796,7 +49006,7 @@ @article{bib5452 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5453, +@article{bib5476, author = {Napu, Ben}, journal = {Journal of Austronesian Studies}, pages = {139-144}, @@ -48805,7 +49015,7 @@ @article{bib5453 year = {1953} } -@book{bib5454, +@book{bib5477, author = {Nara, Tsuyoshi and Bhasukararao, Peri}, address = {Osaka}, publisher = {ELPR}, @@ -48815,13 +49025,13 @@ @book{bib5454 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib5455, +@misc{bib5478, author = {Nascimento, Ana Paula Lion Mamede}, title = {Estudo fonético e fonológico da língua Guajá}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5456, +@incollection{bib5479, author = {Nash, Joan Cottle Poole}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World: A Comparative Handbook}, @@ -48834,27 +49044,27 @@ @incollection{bib5456 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib5457, +@misc{bib5480, author = {Nash, Palash}, local_ids = {99465}, title = {Personal Communication on Khamyang}, year = {2018} } -@misc{bib5458, +@misc{bib5481, author = {Nash, David G.}, title = {Topics in Warlpiri grammar}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib5459, +@book{bib5482, author = {Nash, David}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, title = {Topics in Warlpiri Grammar}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib5460, +@incollection{bib5483, author = {Nash, David}, editor = {Battistella, E.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ninth annual meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, CUNY Forum 7-8}, @@ -48863,7 +49073,7 @@ @incollection{bib5460 year = {1979} } -@book{bib5461, +@book{bib5484, author = {Nassau, R. H.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {American Tract Society}, @@ -48871,14 +49081,14 @@ @book{bib5461 year = {1892} } -@misc{bib5462, +@misc{bib5485, author = {Natarov, Aleksandr}, local_ids = {99486}, title = {Personal communication on Quechua languages}, year = {2019} } -@book{bib5463, +@book{bib5486, author = {Nater, H. F.}, publisher = {National Museums of Canada}, series = {National Museum of Man Mercury Series, Canadian Ethnology Service Paper}, @@ -48887,7 +49097,7 @@ @book{bib5463 year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib5464, +@incollection{bib5487, author = {Nath, Arup Kumar}, editor = {Mishra, Awadesh K. and Wallang, Melissa G. and Devi, Ch. Sarajubala}, booktitle = {Studies in linguistics of the North-Eastern languages}, @@ -48898,13 +49108,13 @@ @incollection{bib5464 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib5465, +@misc{bib5488, author = {Nathan, Michele}, title = {Grammatical description of the Florida Seminole Dialect of Creek}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib5466, +@article{bib5489, author = {Nathan, Geoffrey S.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {479-501}, @@ -48913,7 +49123,7 @@ @article{bib5466 year = {1974} } -@book{bib5467, +@book{bib5490, author = {Nation, Catawba Indian}, local_ids = {98819}, publisher = {Rock Hill}, @@ -48921,7 +49131,7 @@ @book{bib5467 url = {http://catawbaindian.net/about-us/our-culture/catawba-cultural-center/} } -@book{bib5468, +@book{bib5491, author = {Nation, The Osage}, local_ids = {98855}, publisher = {Pawhuska}, @@ -48929,7 +49139,7 @@ @book{bib5468 url = {https://www.osagenation-nsn.gov/who-we-are/language-department} } -@article{bib5469, +@article{bib5492, author = {Nawata, Tetsuo}, journal = {Asian and African Grammatical Manual No}, title = {Shugni}, @@ -48937,13 +49147,13 @@ @article{bib5469 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib5470, +@misc{bib5493, author = {Blench, Roger M. and Ndamsai, Anthony}, title = {A DICTIONARY OF FALI OF KIRYA NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5471, +@misc{bib5494, author = {Akinlabi, Akinbiyi and Connell, Bruce and Ndimele, Ozo-Mekuri}, local_ids = {89300}, title = {Defaka & Nkoroo Description & Documentation}, @@ -48951,7 +49161,7 @@ @misc{bib5471 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5472, +@misc{bib5495, author = {NeSmith, Keao}, institution = {County of Kauaʻi}, local_ids = {99174}, @@ -48960,7 +49170,7 @@ @misc{bib5472 year = {2016} } -@misc{bib5473, +@misc{bib5496, author = {NeSmith, Keao}, local_ids = {99125}, school = {University of Waikato}, @@ -48969,7 +49179,7 @@ @misc{bib5473 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5474, +@incollection{bib5497, author = {Nedjalkov, Igor}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation Benjamins}, pages = {1-34}, @@ -48977,7 +49187,7 @@ @incollection{bib5474 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5475, +@book{bib5498, author = {Nedjalkov, Igor}, address = {London & New York}, publisher = {Routledge}, @@ -48986,7 +49196,7 @@ @book{bib5475 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5476, +@incollection{bib5499, author = {Nedjalkov, Igor V. and Nedjalkov, Vladimir P.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -48995,7 +49205,7 @@ @incollection{bib5476 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib5477, +@incollection{bib5500, author = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir P.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -49004,7 +49214,7 @@ @incollection{bib5477 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5478, +@article{bib5501, author = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir}, journal = {Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung}, pages = {278-354}, @@ -49013,7 +49223,7 @@ @article{bib5478 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5479, +@book{bib5502, author = {Needham, J.F.}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Press}, @@ -49021,7 +49231,7 @@ @book{bib5479 year = {1886} } -@article{bib5480, +@article{bib5503, author = {Needham, Rodney}, journal = {Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society}, pages = {24-36}, @@ -49030,7 +49240,7 @@ @article{bib5480 year = {1955} } -@misc{bib5481, +@misc{bib5504, author = {Neely, Justin}, howpublished = {ELP User Suggestion}, institution = {Citizen Potawatomi Nation}, @@ -49041,7 +49251,7 @@ @misc{bib5481 year = {2015} } -@article{bib5482, +@article{bib5505, author = {Negi, Harvinder Kumar}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98069}, @@ -49052,7 +49262,7 @@ @article{bib5482 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib5483, +@misc{bib5506, author = {Negi, Harvinder}, local_ids = {99529}, school = {University of Delhi}, @@ -49060,7 +49270,7 @@ @misc{bib5483 year = {2020} } -@book{bib5484, +@book{bib5507, author = {Nehlil, M.}, publisher = {Leroux}, series = {Publications de l'école des lettres, Bulletin de correspondance africaine}, @@ -49069,7 +49279,7 @@ @book{bib5484 year = {1909} } -@article{bib5485, +@article{bib5508, author = {Blench, Roger and Nengel, John Garah}, journal = {Ogmios Newsletter}, local_ids = {2081}, @@ -49081,7 +49291,7 @@ @article{bib5485 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib5486, +@misc{bib5509, author = {Blench, Roger M. and Nengel, John Garah}, copied_from = {EBALL}, institution = {Mallam Dendo}, @@ -49092,7 +49302,7 @@ @misc{bib5486 year = {2004} } -@book{bib5487, +@book{bib5510, author = {Nengel, J. G.}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, @@ -49102,7 +49312,7 @@ @book{bib5487 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5488, +@book{bib5511, author = {Nessiel Nodjibogoto and Wagner, Stephen}, institution = {SIL Cameroun}, local_ids = {98289}, @@ -49113,7 +49323,7 @@ @book{bib5488 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib5489, +@misc{bib5512, author = {Neterer, Michael S.}, local_ids = {99711}, school = {Dallas International University}, @@ -49121,7 +49331,7 @@ @misc{bib5489 year = {2021} } -@book{bib5490, +@book{bib5513, author = {Nettle, Daniel}, address = {München}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -49133,7 +49343,7 @@ @book{bib5490 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib5491, +@misc{bib5514, author = {Neumann, Christfriend}, local_ids = {90620}, month = {June}, @@ -49141,7 +49351,7 @@ @misc{bib5491 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5492, +@book{bib5515, author = {Nevermann, Hans}, pages = {146-159}, publisher = {Reisen durch die unerforschte Inselwelt und die Südküste von Niederländisch-Neuguinea Stuttgart}, @@ -49149,7 +49359,7 @@ @book{bib5492 year = {1935} } -@book{bib5493, +@book{bib5516, author = {Nevskij, N. A.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -49157,7 +49367,7 @@ @book{bib5493 year = {1981} } -@article{bib5494, +@article{bib5517, author = {Newman, Paul}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -49167,7 +49377,7 @@ @article{bib5494 year = {1965} } -@article{bib5495, +@article{bib5518, author = {Newman, Stanley}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {175-179}, @@ -49176,7 +49386,7 @@ @article{bib5495 year = {1969} } -@article{bib5496, +@article{bib5519, author = {Newman, S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -49186,7 +49396,7 @@ @article{bib5496 year = {1947} } -@article{bib5497, +@article{bib5520, author = {Newman, Stanley}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {34-38}, @@ -49195,7 +49405,17 @@ @article{bib5497 year = {1933} } -@incollection{bib5498, +@article{bib5521, + author = {Newman, S.}, + journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, + number = {2}, + pages = {99-101}, + title = {Review of Boas' Kwakiutl Grammar}, + volume = {16}, + year = {1950} +} + +@incollection{bib5522, author = {Newman, Stanley}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -49204,7 +49424,7 @@ @incollection{bib5498 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib5499, +@incollection{bib5523, author = {Newman, Stanley}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -49216,7 +49436,7 @@ @incollection{bib5499 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5500, +@book{bib5524, author = {Newman, James L.}, address = {Washington D. C.}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, @@ -49224,7 +49444,7 @@ @book{bib5500 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib5501, +@incollection{bib5525, author = {Newman, S. S.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -49236,14 +49456,14 @@ @incollection{bib5501 year = {1946} } -@book{bib5502, +@book{bib5526, author = {Newman, Stanley}, publisher = {The Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology}, title = {The Yokuts Language of California}, year = {1944} } -@book{bib5503, +@book{bib5527, author = {Newman, Stanley}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Johnson}, @@ -49253,14 +49473,14 @@ @book{bib5503 year = {1944} } -@book{bib5504, +@book{bib5528, author = {Newman, Stanley}, publisher = {Indiana University Research Center in Anthropology, Folklore, and Linguistics}, title = {Zuni Dictionary}, year = {1958} } -@book{bib5505, +@book{bib5529, author = {Newman, Stanley}, address = {Albuquerque}, publisher = {The University of New Mexico Press}, @@ -49270,19 +49490,19 @@ @book{bib5505 year = {1965} } -@misc{bib5506, +@misc{bib5530, author = {Ng, Eve Chuen}, title = {Demonstrative words in the Algonquian language Passamaquoddy: a descriptive and grammaticalization analysis}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib5507, +@misc{bib5531, author = {Ng, Eve}, title = {When words with the same forms have different functions: Demonstratives and their derivatives in Maliseet-Passamaquoddy}, year = {1999} } -@phdthesis{bib5508, +@phdthesis{bib5532, author = {Ngang, David}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {67614}, @@ -49292,14 +49512,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib5508 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5509, +@book{bib5533, author = {Ngata, A.}, publisher = {Whitcombe and Tombs}, title = {Maori Grammar and Conversation}, year = {1000} } -@misc{bib5510, +@misc{bib5534, author = {Nguyen, Tam Thi Minh}, local_ids = {98887}, month = {March}, @@ -49308,7 +49528,7 @@ @misc{bib5510 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib5511, +@incollection{bib5535, author = {Nicholas, Sally Akevai}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Gawne, Lauren}, address = {London}, @@ -49323,21 +49543,21 @@ @incollection{bib5511 year = {2018} } -@book{bib5512, +@book{bib5536, author = {Nichols, J. and Nyholm, E.}, publisher = {University of Minnesota Press}, title = {A concise dictionary of Minnesota Ojibwe}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib5513, +@book{bib5537, author = {Nichols, John}, publisher = {Center for Research and Teaching of Canadian Native Languages}, title = {An Ojibwe Text Anthology}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib5514, +@incollection{bib5538, author = {Nichols, Lynn}, editor = {Agbayani, Brian and Tang, Sze-Wing}, booktitle = {The Proceedings of the Fifteenth West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics}, @@ -49346,7 +49566,7 @@ @incollection{bib5514 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5515, +@incollection{bib5539, author = {Nichols, Lynn}, editor = {David Adger, Susan Pintzuk and Plunkett, Bernadette and Tsoulas, George}, booktitle = {Specifiers: Minimalist Approaches}, @@ -49355,13 +49575,13 @@ @incollection{bib5515 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib5516, +@misc{bib5540, author = {Nichols, L.}, title = {Topics in Zuni syntax}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib5517, +@book{bib5541, author = {Teeter, Karl V. and Nichols, J.}, address = {Winnipeg}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, @@ -49371,7 +49591,7 @@ @book{bib5517 year = {1991} } -@book{bib5518, +@book{bib5542, author = {Nicholson, Velda}, pages = {85}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -49381,7 +49601,7 @@ @book{bib5518 year = {1982} } -@book{bib5519, +@book{bib5543, author = {Nickel, Klaus Peter}, address = {Karasjok}, publisher = {Girji}, @@ -49389,7 +49609,7 @@ @book{bib5519 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib5520, +@incollection{bib5544, author = {Nicklas, T. Dale}, editor = {Crawford, J. M.}, booktitle = {Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages}, @@ -49398,26 +49618,26 @@ @incollection{bib5520 year = {1975} } -@book{bib5521, +@book{bib5545, author = {Nicklas, T. Dale}, publisher = {Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University}, title = {Reference Grammar to the Choctaw Language}, year = {1979} } -@misc{bib5522, +@misc{bib5546, author = {Nicklas, T. Dale}, title = {The elements of Choctaw}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib5523, +@misc{bib5547, author = {Nicolas, E.}, title = {Étude du Système Verbal du Bardi, Langue du Nord-Ouest Australien, avec une Présentation Contrastive du Système Bunuba}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib5524, +@book{bib5548, author = {Nicolas, Francis}, address = {Dakar}, publisher = {Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, Université de Dakar}, @@ -49427,14 +49647,14 @@ @book{bib5524 year = {1953} } -@book{bib5525, +@book{bib5549, author = {Tournadre, Nicolas and Sherpa, Lhakpa Norbu and Chodrak, Gyurme and Oisel, Guillaume}, publisher = {Vajra}, title = {Sherpa-English and English Sherpa Dictionary: with Literary Tibetan and Nepali Equivalents}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib5526, +@article{bib5550, author = {Nienaber, G. S.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -49444,7 +49664,7 @@ @article{bib5526 year = {1962} } -@article{bib5527, +@article{bib5551, author = {Nienaber, G. S.}, journal = {African Studies}, number = {3}, @@ -49454,14 +49674,14 @@ @article{bib5527 year = {1960} } -@book{bib5528, +@book{bib5552, author = {Nies, Joyce}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Piro}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib5529, +@article{bib5553, author = {Niggemeyer, H.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {50-69, 288-300, 116-132, 238-250}, @@ -49470,7 +49690,7 @@ @article{bib5529 year = {1951, 1951, 1952, 1952} } -@article{bib5530, +@article{bib5554, author = {Niggemeyer, H.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Ethnologie}, pages = {50-69}, @@ -49479,7 +49699,7 @@ @article{bib5530 year = {1000} } -@incollection{bib5531, +@incollection{bib5555, author = {Niinaga, Yuto}, editor = {Heinrich and Patrick and Miyara and Shinsho and and Shimoji, Michinori.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -49491,7 +49711,7 @@ @incollection{bib5531 year = {2015} } -@book{bib5532, +@book{bib5556, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina}, address = {Berlin}, local_ids = {98730}, @@ -49502,19 +49722,19 @@ @book{bib5532 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5533, +@misc{bib5557, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina and Tolskaja, Maria}, title = {A grammar of Udihe}, year = {1000} } -@misc{bib5534, +@misc{bib5558, author = {Nikolaeva, I.}, title = {A Grammar of Udihe}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5535, +@book{bib5559, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina and Tolskaya, Maria}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -49523,7 +49743,7 @@ @book{bib5535 year = {2001} } -@book{bib5536, +@book{bib5560, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Trends in Linguistics: Documentation}, @@ -49532,7 +49752,7 @@ @book{bib5536 year = {2006} } -@book{bib5537, +@book{bib5561, author = {Nikolaeva, I. A. and Xelimskij, E. A.}, pages = {155-168}, publisher = {paleoaziatskie jazyki Indrik}, @@ -49540,7 +49760,7 @@ @book{bib5537 year = {1997} } -@article{bib5538, +@article{bib5562, author = {Hitotuzi, Nilton and de Lima Silva, Wilson and de Castro, Onesimo Martins}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -49555,7 +49775,7 @@ @article{bib5538 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib5539, +@incollection{bib5563, author = {Nimuendaju, Curt}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -49567,7 +49787,7 @@ @incollection{bib5539 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5540, +@incollection{bib5564, author = {Nimuendaju, Curt}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -49579,7 +49799,7 @@ @incollection{bib5540 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib5541, +@incollection{bib5565, author = {Nimuendajú, Curt}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, booktitle = {The Tropical Forest Tribes Handbook of South American Indians}, @@ -49590,7 +49810,7 @@ @incollection{bib5541 year = {1948} } -@article{bib5542, +@article{bib5566, author = {Nimuendajú-Unkel, C.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {615-618}, @@ -49599,13 +49819,13 @@ @article{bib5542 year = {1914} } -@misc{bib5543, +@misc{bib5567, author = {Ningomba, M. S.}, title = {Anal phonology: a brief description analysis}, year = {1971} } -@article{bib5544, +@article{bib5568, author = {Nishida, Fuminobu}, journal = {The Journal of Humanities (Chiba University)}, pages = {63-74}, @@ -49614,7 +49834,7 @@ @article{bib5544 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib5545, +@incollection{bib5569, author = {Nishida, Tatsuo}, booktitle = {Papers in South East Asian Linguistics 3 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, publisher = {Australian National University}, @@ -49623,7 +49843,7 @@ @incollection{bib5545 year = {1973} } -@article{bib5546, +@article{bib5570, author = {Nishida, Fuminobu}, journal = {Annual research report on general education, Akita University (秋田大学教養基礎教育研究年報)}, local_ids = {98088}, @@ -49634,7 +49854,7 @@ @article{bib5546 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5547, +@incollection{bib5571, author = {Nishida, Tatsuo}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and Matisoff, James A. and Bradley, David}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -49646,7 +49866,7 @@ @incollection{bib5547 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib5548, +@incollection{bib5572, author = {Nishida, Tatsuo}, editor = {Bradley, David and Henderson, Eugénie J. A. and Mazaudon, Martine}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -49658,7 +49878,7 @@ @incollection{bib5548 year = {1988} } -@book{bib5549, +@book{bib5573, author = {Nitsch, Wilhelm}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Language and Culture Documentation and Description}, @@ -49667,7 +49887,7 @@ @book{bib5549 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib5550, +@incollection{bib5574, author = {Nivens, R.}, editor = {Barquest, D. A. and Laidig, W. D.}, booktitle = {Phonological Studies in four languages of Maluku Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -49678,7 +49898,7 @@ @incollection{bib5550 year = {1992} } -@book{bib5551, +@book{bib5575, author = {Nivens, Richard}, address = {Dallas}, local_ids = {96060}, @@ -49687,7 +49907,7 @@ @book{bib5551 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5552, +@incollection{bib5576, author = {Nonaka, Angela M.}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -49699,20 +49919,20 @@ @incollection{bib5552 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib5553, +@misc{bib5577, author = {Nonaka, Angela}, local_ids = {93840}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2013} } -@misc{bib5554, +@misc{bib5578, author = {Nonato, Rafael Bezerra}, title = {Ainore Boe egore: um estudo descritivo da língua bororo e conseqüências para a teoria de caso e concordância}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5555, +@incollection{bib5579, author = {Noonan, Michael}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -49721,14 +49941,14 @@ @incollection{bib5555 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5556, +@book{bib5580, author = {Noonan, Michael and Bhulanja, R. P.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Chantyal dictionary and texts}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5557, +@book{bib5581, author = {Noonan, Michael and Bhulanja, Ram Prasad}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {98158}, @@ -49739,7 +49959,7 @@ @book{bib5557 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5558, +@incollection{bib5582, author = {Noonan, Michael}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -49748,7 +49968,7 @@ @incollection{bib5558 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5559, +@incollection{bib5583, author = {Noonan, Michael}, editor = {et al., David Bradley}, booktitle = {Language Variation: Papers on Variation and Change in the Sinosphere and in the Indosphere in Honour of James A. Matisoff}, @@ -49757,7 +49977,7 @@ @incollection{bib5559 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5560, +@book{bib5584, author = {Nordenskiöld, Erland}, address = {Stockholm}, publisher = {Bonnier}, @@ -49765,7 +49985,7 @@ @book{bib5560 year = {1915} } -@book{bib5561, +@book{bib5585, author = {Nordenskiöld, Erland}, address = {Göteborg}, publisher = {Elanders}, @@ -49775,7 +49995,7 @@ @book{bib5561 year = {1924} } -@book{bib5562, +@book{bib5586, author = {Nordlinger, Rachel}, local_ids = {98806}, month = {August}, @@ -49786,7 +50006,7 @@ @book{bib5562 year = {1993} } -@book{bib5563, +@book{bib5587, author = {Nordlinger, Rachel}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -49796,13 +50016,13 @@ @book{bib5563 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib5564, +@misc{bib5588, author = {Nordlinger, Rachel}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Bilinara}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib5565, +@book{bib5589, author = {Klinken, Catharina Williams-van and Hajek, John and Nordlinger, Rachel}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -49812,7 +50032,7 @@ @book{bib5565 year = {2001} } -@article{bib5566, +@article{bib5590, author = {Nordlinger, Rachel}, address = {Amsterdam}, institution = {University of Melbourne}, @@ -49826,7 +50046,7 @@ @article{bib5566 year = {2011} } -@phdthesis{bib5567, +@phdthesis{bib5591, author = {Norquest, Peter}, local_ids = {99177}, school = {The university of Arizona}, @@ -49834,13 +50054,13 @@ @phdthesis{bib5567 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib5568, +@misc{bib5592, author = {Norris, Evan J.}, title = {A Grammar Sketch and Comparative Study of Eastern Mono}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib5569, +@article{bib5593, author = {Norton, Russell J.}, journal = {Occasional papers in the study of Sudanese languages}, pages = {23-56}, @@ -49849,7 +50069,7 @@ @article{bib5569 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5570, +@article{bib5594, author = {Norwood, Susan}, journal = {Wani}, local_ids = {98382}, @@ -49860,7 +50080,7 @@ @article{bib5570 year = {2014} } -@article{bib5571, +@article{bib5595, author = {Norwood, S.}, journal = {Boletín de Antropología Americana}, pages = {85-92}, @@ -49869,20 +50089,20 @@ @article{bib5571 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib5572, +@misc{bib5596, author = {Nourse, Jennifer Williams}, title = {We are the womb of the world: Birth spirits and the Laujé of Central Sulawesi}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib5573, +@book{bib5597, author = {Nouvel, Alain}, publisher = {Assimil}, title = {L'occitan sans peine}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib5574, +@incollection{bib5598, author = {Novikova, K. A.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-manczurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -49891,7 +50111,7 @@ @incollection{bib5574 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5575, +@incollection{bib5599, author = {Novikova, K. A}, editor = {Alpatov and M., V. and et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Mira: Mongol'skie jazyki, tunguso-man'chzhurskie jazyki, japonskij jazyk, korejskij jazyk}, @@ -49900,14 +50120,14 @@ @incollection{bib5575 year = {1997} } -@book{bib5576, +@book{bib5600, author = {Novikova, K. A.}, publisher = {Academy of Sciences of the USSR}, title = {Ocherki Dialektov Evenskogo Jazyka: Ol'skij Govor 1}, year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib5577, +@incollection{bib5601, author = {Novikova, K. A. and Sem, L. I.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -49916,14 +50136,14 @@ @incollection{bib5577 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5578, +@misc{bib5602, author = {Nugteren, Hans}, title = {Mongolic Phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu Languages}, url = {http://www.lotpublications.nl/Documents/289_fulltext.pdf}, year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5579, +@incollection{bib5603, author = {Nugteren, Hans}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -49934,7 +50154,7 @@ @incollection{bib5579 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5580, +@incollection{bib5604, author = {Nurse, Derek and Walsh, Martin T.}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin & New York}, @@ -49949,7 +50169,7 @@ @incollection{bib5580 year = {1992} } -@article{bib5581, +@article{bib5605, author = {Ehret, C. and Elderkin, E. D. and Nurse, D.}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {5-49}, @@ -49958,7 +50178,7 @@ @article{bib5581 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib5582, +@incollection{bib5606, author = {Philippson, Gerard and Nurse, Derek}, editor = {Kahigi, K. K. and Kihore, Y. M. and Mous, M.}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -49973,7 +50193,7 @@ @incollection{bib5582 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5583, +@article{bib5607, author = {Nurse, Derek}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {2}, @@ -49983,7 +50203,7 @@ @article{bib5583 year = {1986} } -@article{bib5584, +@article{bib5608, author = {Nurse, Derek}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {History in Africa}, @@ -49995,7 +50215,7 @@ @article{bib5584 year = {1982} } -@article{bib5585, +@article{bib5609, author = {Nurse, Derek}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, title = {The Diachronic Background to the Language Communities of Southwestern Tanzania}, @@ -50003,7 +50223,7 @@ @article{bib5585 year = {1988} } -@phdthesis{bib5586, +@phdthesis{bib5610, author = {Nusi, Jean}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {68688}, @@ -50013,7 +50233,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib5586 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib5587, +@incollection{bib5611, author = {Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt-am-Main}, @@ -50028,7 +50248,7 @@ @incollection{bib5587 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5588, +@book{bib5612, author = {Nyst, Victoria Anna Sophie}, address = {Utrecht}, isbn = {978-90-78328-22-3}, @@ -50040,7 +50260,7 @@ @book{bib5588 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5589, +@article{bib5613, author = {Nyst, Victoria}, journal = {Sign Language Studies}, local_ids = {99236}, @@ -50051,7 +50271,7 @@ @article{bib5589 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib5590, +@misc{bib5614, author = {Nyst, Victoria}, howpublished = {P.C.}, local_ids = {89340}, @@ -50059,7 +50279,7 @@ @misc{bib5590 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5591, +@book{bib5615, author = {Nı? Chasaide, Ailbh}, pages = {111-116}, publisher = {In Handbook of the International Phonetic Organisation Cambridge University Press}, @@ -50067,14 +50287,14 @@ @book{bib5591 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5592, +@book{bib5616, author = {O'Brien, D. J. T.}, publisher = {Civil and Military Gazette Press}, title = {Grammar and Vocabulary of the sublineKhowâr Dialect (Chitrâli)}, year = {1895} } -@book{bib5593, +@book{bib5617, author = {O'Connell, F. W.}, address = {Belfast}, publisher = {Mayne, Boyd & Son}, @@ -50082,7 +50302,7 @@ @book{bib5593 year = {1912} } -@book{bib5594, +@book{bib5618, author = {O'Connor, Loretta}, address = {Oaxaca, Mexico}, publisher = {Instituto Nacional Indigenista}, @@ -50090,13 +50310,13 @@ @book{bib5594 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib5595, +@misc{bib5619, author = {O'Connor, Loretta}, title = {Motion, transfer, and transformation: The grammar of change in Lowland Chontal}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib5596, +@misc{bib5620, author = {O'Connor, Catherine}, institution = {Boston University}, local_ids = {98490}, @@ -50104,14 +50324,14 @@ @misc{bib5596 year = {2015} } -@book{bib5597, +@book{bib5621, author = {O'Connor, Mary Catherine}, publisher = {Garland}, title = {Topics in Northern Pomo Grammar}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib5598, +@book{bib5622, author = {O'Connor, Mary Catherine}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, @@ -50120,13 +50340,13 @@ @book{bib5598 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib5599, +@misc{bib5623, author = {O'Donnaile, Caoimhin P.}, title = {no title}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib5600, +@book{bib5624, author = {O'Donovan, J.}, address = {Dublin}, publisher = {Hodges and Smith}, @@ -50134,7 +50354,7 @@ @book{bib5600 year = {1845} } -@incollection{bib5601, +@incollection{bib5625, author = {Tryon, Darrell T. and O'Grady, G. N.}, editor = {O'Grady, G. N. and Tryon, Darrell T.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -50146,7 +50366,7 @@ @incollection{bib5601 year = {1990} } -@book{bib5602, +@book{bib5626, author = {O'Grady, Geoffrey N.}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, series = {Oceania Linguistic Monographs}, @@ -50155,7 +50375,7 @@ @book{bib5602 year = {1964} } -@article{bib5603, +@article{bib5627, author = {O'Grady, G. N.}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {7-109, 131-132}, @@ -50164,7 +50384,7 @@ @article{bib5603 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5604, +@article{bib5628, author = {O'Grady, Geoff N.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -50174,7 +50394,7 @@ @article{bib5604 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib5605, +@incollection{bib5629, author = {Tryon, Darrell T. and O'Grady, G. N.}, editor = {O'Grady, G. N.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -50186,7 +50406,7 @@ @incollection{bib5605 year = {1990} } -@article{bib5606, +@article{bib5630, author = {O'Herin, Brian}, journal = {Language}, pages = {477-493}, @@ -50195,7 +50415,7 @@ @article{bib5606 year = {2001} } -@article{bib5607, +@article{bib5631, author = {O'Meara, Carolyn}, journal = {Memorias del IX Encuentro Internacional de Lingüística en el Noroeste}, pages = {253-269}, @@ -50204,14 +50424,14 @@ @article{bib5607 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5608, +@book{bib5632, author = {O'Meara, John}, publisher = {University of Toronto Press}, title = {Delaware-English/English-Delaware Dictionary}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib5609, +@article{bib5633, author = {O'Shannessy, Carmel}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -50221,7 +50441,7 @@ @article{bib5609 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5610, +@misc{bib5634, author = {Oakes, Perry J.}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {94940}, @@ -50231,7 +50451,7 @@ @misc{bib5610 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5611, +@incollection{bib5635, author = {Oakley, Helen}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -50240,7 +50460,7 @@ @incollection{bib5611 year = {1966} } -@book{bib5612, +@book{bib5636, author = {Coate, H. H. J. and Oates, Lynette}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -50249,7 +50469,7 @@ @book{bib5612 year = {1970} } -@book{bib5613, +@book{bib5637, author = {Oates, Lynette Francis}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, series = {Oceania Linguistic Monographs}, @@ -50258,7 +50478,7 @@ @book{bib5613 year = {1964} } -@article{bib5614, +@article{bib5638, author = {Oates, Lynette Francis}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -50268,7 +50488,7 @@ @article{bib5614 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib5615, +@incollection{bib5639, author = {Oates, William J. and Oates, Lynette F.}, editor = {et al., William Oates}, booktitle = {Gugu-Yalanji and Wik Munkan Language Studies Occasional Papers in Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -50279,7 +50499,7 @@ @incollection{bib5615 year = {1964} } -@book{bib5616, +@book{bib5640, author = {Oates, Lynette F.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -50289,7 +50509,7 @@ @book{bib5616 year = {1988} } -@book{bib5617, +@book{bib5641, author = {Henriksen, L. and Obando, Pedro Vicente}, address = {Pasto}, publisher = {Universidad de Nariño}, @@ -50297,13 +50517,13 @@ @book{bib5617 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5618, +@misc{bib5642, author = {Obando Ordonez, P.}, title = {Awa-Kwaiker: an outline grammar of a Colombian/Ecuadorian language}, year = {1992} } -@article{bib5619, +@article{bib5643, author = {Obiero, John Ogone}, journal = {Journal of Third World Studies}, local_ids = {93900}, @@ -50315,7 +50535,7 @@ @article{bib5619 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5620, +@incollection{bib5644, author = {Obst, E.}, editor = {Obst, E.}, booktitle = {Von Mkalama ins Land der Wakindiga (Deutsch-Ostafrika)}, @@ -50324,14 +50544,14 @@ @incollection{bib5620 year = {1912} } -@book{bib5621, +@book{bib5645, author = {Ocasio, Michelle}, publisher = {Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala.}, title = {Old Garífuna: The Emergence of an African Community and the Creation of a New Language on St. Vincent}, year = {2016} } -@book{bib5622, +@book{bib5646, author = {Ocasio, Michelle}, pages = {51-65}, publisher = {Publication of the Afro-Latin/American Research Association.}, @@ -50339,7 +50559,7 @@ @book{bib5622 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5623, +@incollection{bib5647, author = {Odden, D.}, editor = {Bender, Marvin Lionel}, address = {East Lansing}, @@ -50351,7 +50571,7 @@ @incollection{bib5623 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib5624, +@misc{bib5648, author = {Odden, David}, local_ids = {88820}, title = {Doctoral Dissertation Research: A description of Anii, an underdocumented language of West Africa (NSF DEL Abstract)}, @@ -50359,7 +50579,7 @@ @misc{bib5624 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5625, +@misc{bib5649, author = {Holmberg, Anders and Odden, David}, local_ids = {96900}, school = {Ohio State University}, @@ -50368,7 +50588,7 @@ @misc{bib5625 year = {2008} } -@article{bib5626, +@article{bib5650, author = {Odisho, Edward}, address = {Wiesbaden}, journal = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -50379,7 +50599,7 @@ @article{bib5626 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib5627, +@incollection{bib5651, author = {Odé, Cecilia}, editor = {Reesink, Ger P.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -50391,7 +50611,7 @@ @incollection{bib5627 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5628, +@incollection{bib5652, author = {Odé, Cecilia}, editor = {Reesink, Ger P.}, booktitle = {Studies in Irian Languages: Part II}, @@ -50400,21 +50620,21 @@ @incollection{bib5628 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5629, +@book{bib5653, author = {Odé, Cecilia}, publisher = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim}, title = {Mpur prosody: an experimental-phonetic analysis with examples from two versions of the Fentora myth}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib5630, +@book{bib5654, author = {Odé, Cecilia}, publisher = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim}, title = {Mpur vocabulary = Daftar Kata Mpur}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib5631, +@incollection{bib5655, author = {Odé, Cecilia}, editor = {Dicky Gilbers, John Nerbonne and Schaeken, Jos}, booktitle = {Languages in Contact}, @@ -50423,7 +50643,7 @@ @incollection{bib5631 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5632, +@book{bib5656, author = {Oetomo, Dédé}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -50433,20 +50653,20 @@ @book{bib5632 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib5633, +@misc{bib5657, author = {Office, CAPRO Research}, local_ids = {98495}, title = {Unmask the giant (an ethnic survey of Bauchi State)}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib5634, +@misc{bib5658, author = {Ogilvie, Sarah}, title = {The Morrobalama (Umbuygamu) language of Cape York peninsula, Australia}, year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib5635, +@incollection{bib5659, author = {Oguri, Hiroko}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No.~25 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -50457,7 +50677,7 @@ @incollection{bib5635 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib5636, +@incollection{bib5660, author = {Oguri, Hioko}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 22 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -50468,7 +50688,7 @@ @incollection{bib5636 year = {1985} } -@article{bib5637, +@article{bib5661, author = {Erickson, Carol and Oguri, Hiroko}, journal = {Irian}, pages = {38-66, 85-106, 65-94}, @@ -50477,7 +50697,7 @@ @article{bib5637 year = {1975, 1976, 1981} } -@article{bib5638, +@article{bib5662, author = {Ohly, Rajmund}, journal = {Studies of the Department of African Languages and Cultures, Warsaw University}, local_ids = {98292}, @@ -50488,7 +50708,7 @@ @article{bib5638 year = {1995} } -@article{bib5639, +@article{bib5663, author = {Ohly, Rajmund}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {105-127}, @@ -50497,7 +50717,7 @@ @article{bib5639 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib5640, +@misc{bib5664, author = {Ojwang, Benson Oduor}, institution = {Endangered Language Fund}, local_ids = {88199}, @@ -50506,7 +50726,7 @@ @misc{bib5640 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5641, +@book{bib5665, author = {Olawsky, Knut}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -50515,7 +50735,7 @@ @book{bib5641 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5642, +@misc{bib5666, author = {Olawsky, Knut}, local_ids = {24823}, title = {"Language and Culture of the Urarina People" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -50523,7 +50743,7 @@ @misc{bib5642 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5643, +@incollection{bib5667, author = {Olawsky, Knut}, booktitle = {Re-Awakening Languages}, chapter = {12}, @@ -50534,14 +50754,14 @@ @incollection{bib5643 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5644, +@book{bib5668, author = {Olawsky, Knut J.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Urarina texts}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib5645, +@misc{bib5669, author = {Oliveira, Mileide}, local_ids = {98297}, note = {Personal communication; dissertation in preparation on Rikbaktsá.}, @@ -50549,13 +50769,13 @@ @misc{bib5645 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5646, +@misc{bib5670, author = {Oliveira de Lima, Suzi}, title = {A estrutura argumental dos verbos na língua Juruna (Yudja)}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib5647, +@article{bib5671, author = {Ollikainen, Rob}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Peninsula Daily News}, @@ -50567,21 +50787,21 @@ @article{bib5647 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5648, +@book{bib5672, author = {Olmsted, David L.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Achumawi Dictionary}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib5649, +@book{bib5673, author = {Olmsted, David L.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {A History of Palaihnihan Phonology}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib5650, +@book{bib5674, author = {Olmsted, David L.}, publisher = {Survey of California and Other Indian Languages}, series = {Reports from the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages, Report}, @@ -50590,7 +50810,7 @@ @book{bib5650 year = {1984} } -@article{bib5651, +@article{bib5675, author = {Olmsted, David L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -50600,7 +50820,7 @@ @article{bib5651 year = {1958} } -@article{bib5652, +@article{bib5676, author = {Olmsted, David L.}, editor = {Golla, Victor and Silver, Shirley}, address = {Chicago}, @@ -50614,7 +50834,7 @@ @article{bib5652 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib5653, +@incollection{bib5677, author = {Olmsted, D. L.}, editor = {Vogt, Evon Z.}, address = {Austin}, @@ -50626,7 +50846,7 @@ @incollection{bib5653 year = {1969} } -@article{bib5654, +@article{bib5678, author = {Olson, Ronald D.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {313-324, 29-38}, @@ -50635,7 +50855,7 @@ @article{bib5654 year = {1964, 1965} } -@article{bib5655, +@article{bib5679, author = {Olson, Kenneth S.}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, local_ids = {91721}, @@ -50647,7 +50867,7 @@ @article{bib5655 year = {2004} } -@book{bib5656, +@book{bib5680, author = {Olson, Kenneth S.}, address = {Dallas}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -50659,14 +50879,14 @@ @book{bib5656 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5657, +@misc{bib5681, author = {Oltrogge, David F.}, pages = {73}, title = {Proto Jicaque-Subtiaba-Tequistlateco: a comparative reconstruction}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib5658, +@incollection{bib5682, author = {Oltrogge, David F.}, booktitle = {Two studies in Middle American comparative linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics}, pages = {1-52}, @@ -50676,7 +50896,7 @@ @incollection{bib5658 year = {1977} } -@article{bib5659, +@article{bib5683, author = {Campbell, Lyle and Oltrogge, David}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -50686,21 +50906,21 @@ @article{bib5659 year = {1980} } -@book{bib5660, +@book{bib5684, author = {Olza Zubiri, Jesús and Jusayú, Miguel Angel}, publisher = {Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, Centro de Lenguas Indıgenas}, title = {Gramática de la lengua goajiro}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib5661, +@book{bib5685, author = {Olza Zubiri, Jesús and Jusayú, Miguel Angel}, publisher = {Universidad Católica de Tachira}, title = {Gramática de la lengua guajira}, year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib5662, +@incollection{bib5686, author = {Nakayama, Toshihide and Ono, Tsuyoshi}, editor = {Mihas, Elena and Perley, Bernard and Rei-Doval, Gabriel and Wheatley, Kathleen}, booktitle = {Responses to Language Endangerment: In Honor of Mickey Noonan. New Directions in language documentation and language revitilization}, @@ -50709,7 +50929,7 @@ @incollection{bib5662 year = {2013} } -@article{bib5663, +@article{bib5687, author = {Iwasaki, Shoichi and Ono, Tsuyoshi}, journal = {Japanese/Korean Linguistics}, title = {Ikema Ryukyuan: Investigation Past Experience and the Current State through Life Narratives}, @@ -50717,7 +50937,7 @@ @article{bib5663 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5664, +@incollection{bib5688, author = {Iwasaki, Shoichi and Ono, Tsuyoshi}, editor = {Takubo, Yukinori}, booktitle = {Ryuukyuu-retoo no gengo to bunka: sono kiroku to keeshoo}, @@ -50726,7 +50946,7 @@ @incollection{bib5664 year = {2013} } -@book{bib5665, +@book{bib5689, author = {Opgenort, Jean Robert}, isbn = {9004145052}, local_ids = {98202}, @@ -50736,7 +50956,7 @@ @book{bib5665 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5666, +@book{bib5690, author = {Opgenort, Jean Robert}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Brill's Tibetan studies library}, @@ -50745,7 +50965,7 @@ @book{bib5666 year = {2004} } -@article{bib5667, +@article{bib5691, author = {Opgenort, Jean Robert}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -50755,20 +50975,20 @@ @article{bib5667 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5668, +@misc{bib5692, author = {Opgenort, Jean R.}, title = {The Wāmbule Language}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib5669, +@book{bib5693, author = {Oramas, Luis R.}, publisher = {Caracas}, title = {Contribución al estudio de la lengua Goajira}, year = {1913} } -@article{bib5670, +@article{bib5694, author = {Oramas, Luis}, journal = {Gaceta de los Museos Nacionales}, pages = {20-27}, @@ -50777,7 +50997,7 @@ @article{bib5670 year = {1912-1913} } -@article{bib5671, +@article{bib5695, author = {Oramas, Luis Ramón}, journal = {De Re Indica}, number = {1}, @@ -50787,7 +51007,7 @@ @article{bib5671 year = {1918} } -@article{bib5672, +@article{bib5696, author = {Oramas, Luis Ramón}, journal = {De Re Indica}, number = {1}, @@ -50797,7 +51017,7 @@ @article{bib5672 year = {1918} } -@book{bib5673, +@book{bib5697, author = {Oranskij, I. M.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -50805,13 +51025,13 @@ @book{bib5673 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib5674, +@misc{bib5698, author = {Ordonez, Pedro Obando}, title = {Awa-Kwaiker: An Outline Grammar of a Colombian/Ecuadorian Language, with a cultural sketch}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib5675, +@book{bib5699, author = {del Castillo i Orosco, Eujenio}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -50821,13 +51041,13 @@ @book{bib5675 year = {1877} } -@misc{bib5676, +@misc{bib5700, author = {Ortega Mujica, Mitzila Isabel}, title = {Aspectos Fonológicos e Grammaticais da Língua Yawalapiti (Aruak)}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5677, +@incollection{bib5701, author = {Ortiz, Nubia Tobar}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -50836,7 +51056,7 @@ @incollection{bib5677 year = {2000} } -@book{bib5678, +@book{bib5702, author = {Ortiz, Sergio Elias}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Kelly}, @@ -50845,7 +51065,7 @@ @book{bib5678 year = {1954} } -@article{bib5679, +@article{bib5703, author = {Ortiz, M.}, journal = {Forma y Función}, pages = {55-75}, @@ -50854,7 +51074,7 @@ @article{bib5679 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib5680, +@incollection{bib5704, author = {Ortiz, Nubia Tobar}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -50863,7 +51083,7 @@ @incollection{bib5680 year = {2000} } -@article{bib5681, +@article{bib5705, author = {Ortiz, Sergio Elias}, journal = {Idearium}, pages = {247-248}, @@ -50872,7 +51092,7 @@ @article{bib5681 year = {1939} } -@incollection{bib5682, +@incollection{bib5706, author = {Ortiz G., Francisco}, editor = {Pachon, Ximena and Correa, François}, booktitle = {Lenguas Amerindias: Condiciones Sociolingüísticas en Colombia}, @@ -50881,7 +51101,7 @@ @incollection{bib5682 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5683, +@misc{bib5707, author = {Orwenjo, Daniel Ochieng}, institution = {Endangered Language Fund}, local_ids = {90224}, @@ -50890,7 +51110,7 @@ @misc{bib5683 year = {2010} } -@article{bib5684, +@article{bib5708, author = {Osborn, A.}, journal = {Revista de Antropologiía}, pages = {209-316}, @@ -50899,7 +51119,7 @@ @article{bib5684 year = {1969-1972} } -@article{bib5685, +@article{bib5709, author = {Osborn, Henry A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {188-190}, @@ -50908,7 +51128,7 @@ @article{bib5685 year = {1948} } -@article{bib5686, +@article{bib5710, author = {Osborn, Henry and Smalley, William A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {93-99}, @@ -50917,7 +51137,7 @@ @article{bib5686 year = {1949} } -@article{bib5687, +@article{bib5711, author = {H. A. Osborn, Jr.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {108-123, 253-261, 46-64}, @@ -50926,7 +51146,7 @@ @article{bib5687 year = {1966, 1966, 1967} } -@article{bib5688, +@article{bib5712, author = {Osborn, Henry A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {46-64}, @@ -50935,7 +51155,7 @@ @article{bib5688 year = {1967} } -@article{bib5689, +@article{bib5713, author = {Osborn, Henry A. Jr}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {108-123}, @@ -50944,7 +51164,7 @@ @article{bib5689 year = {1966} } -@book{bib5690, +@book{bib5714, author = {Osborne, C. R.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -50954,19 +51174,19 @@ @book{bib5690 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib5691, +@misc{bib5715, author = {Oshika, Beatrice T.}, title = {The Kam-Sui-Mak and Northern Tai languages}, year = {1973} } -@misc{bib5692, +@misc{bib5716, author = {Oskol'skaya, Sofia A.}, title = {Aspekt v nanaiskom yazyke [Aspect in the Nanai language]}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib5693, +@article{bib5717, author = {Ossa V., Peregrino}, journal = {Idearium}, pages = {537-538}, @@ -50975,7 +51195,7 @@ @article{bib5693 year = {1937} } -@article{bib5694, +@article{bib5718, author = {Ostapirat, Weera}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, pages = {1-251}, @@ -50984,7 +51204,7 @@ @article{bib5694 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5695, +@incollection{bib5719, author = {Ostapirat, Weera}, editor = {Diller, Anthony V. N. and Edmondson, Jerold A. and and Luo, Yongxian}, booktitle = {The Tai-Kadai languages}, @@ -50993,13 +51213,13 @@ @incollection{bib5695 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib5696, +@misc{bib5720, author = {Oswalt, Robert L.}, title = {A Kashaya Grammar (Southwestern Pomo)}, year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib5697, +@incollection{bib5721, author = {Oswalt, Robert L.}, editor = {Chafe, Wallace and Nichols, Johanna}, booktitle = {Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology}, @@ -51008,7 +51228,7 @@ @incollection{bib5697 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib5698, +@incollection{bib5722, author = {Oswalt, Robert L.}, editor = {Shipley, W.}, booktitle = {In Honor of Mary Haas}, @@ -51017,7 +51237,7 @@ @incollection{bib5698 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib5699, +@incollection{bib5723, author = {Otaina, Galina A. and Nedjalkov, Vladimir P.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir P. (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentchéva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -51026,7 +51246,7 @@ @incollection{bib5699 year = {2007} } -@book{bib5700, +@book{bib5724, author = {Ott, Willis and Ott, Rebecca B.}, pages = {644}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -51034,7 +51254,7 @@ @book{bib5700 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib5701, +@incollection{bib5725, author = {Ott, Willis and Ott, Rebecca B.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 3}, @@ -51043,7 +51263,7 @@ @incollection{bib5701 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib5702, +@incollection{bib5726, author = {Ott, Willis and Ott, Rebecca B.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian grammars 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -51054,7 +51274,7 @@ @incollection{bib5702 year = {1967} } -@article{bib5703, +@article{bib5727, author = {Ott, Willis and Ott, Rebecca}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {56-60}, @@ -51063,7 +51283,7 @@ @article{bib5703 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib5704, +@incollection{bib5728, author = {Ottaviano, John and Ottaviano, Ida}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 3}, @@ -51072,7 +51292,7 @@ @incollection{bib5704 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib5705, +@incollection{bib5729, author = {Ottaviano, John and Ottaviano, Ida}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian grammars 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -51083,14 +51303,14 @@ @incollection{bib5705 year = {1967} } -@book{bib5706, +@book{bib5730, author = {Ottaviano, Ida de}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Textos tacana}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib5707, +@article{bib5731, author = {Ottoni, Teófilo B.}, journal = {Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro}, pages = {1-48}, @@ -51099,7 +51319,7 @@ @article{bib5707 year = {1858} } -@article{bib5708, +@article{bib5732, author = {Oudemans, J. A. C.}, journal = {Tijdschrift voor Indische de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, pages = {484-488}, @@ -51108,7 +51328,7 @@ @article{bib5708 year = {1879} } -@misc{bib5709, +@misc{bib5733, author = {Ourang, Muhammed}, local_ids = {99495}, note = {Personal communication}, @@ -51116,7 +51336,7 @@ @misc{bib5709 title = {Personal communication on Lari} } -@article{bib5710, +@article{bib5734, author = {Outes, Félix F.}, journal = {Revista del Museo de la Plata}, pages = {371-380}, @@ -51125,7 +51345,7 @@ @article{bib5710 year = {1928} } -@article{bib5711, +@article{bib5735, author = {Outes, Félix F.}, journal = {Revista de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Año XI}, pages = {68-73}, @@ -51134,7 +51354,7 @@ @article{bib5711 year = {1914} } -@article{bib5712, +@article{bib5736, author = {Outes, Félix F.}, journal = {Revista del Museo de La Plata}, pages = {261-297}, @@ -51143,21 +51363,21 @@ @article{bib5712 year = {1928} } -@book{bib5713, +@book{bib5737, author = {Ouyang, Jueya 歐陽覺亞}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {珞巴族語言簡志：崩尼-博嘎爾語 [A sketch grammar of Bengni-Boga'er]}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5714, +@misc{bib5738, author = {Overall, Simon}, pages = {611}, title = {A Grammar of Aguaruna}, year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib5715, +@incollection{bib5739, author = {Overall, Simon E.}, booktitle = {Information Structure and Reference Tracking in Complex Sentences}, chapter = {Clause chaining, switch reference and nominalisations in Aguaruna (Jivaroan)}, @@ -51168,7 +51388,7 @@ @incollection{bib5715 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib5716, +@incollection{bib5740, author = {Owens, Jonathan}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Language Diversity Endangered}, @@ -51179,7 +51399,7 @@ @incollection{bib5716 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5717, +@article{bib5741, author = {Owens, J.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {1-30}, @@ -51188,7 +51408,7 @@ @article{bib5717 year = {1991} } -@article{bib5718, +@article{bib5742, author = {Owens, J.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -51198,41 +51418,41 @@ @article{bib5718 year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5719, +@misc{bib5743, author = {O’Meara, Carolyn}, title = {Seri landscape classification and spatial reference}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib5720, +@book{bib5744, author = {F., Oscar E. Aguilera and P., José S. Tonko}, publisher = {CONADI}, title = {Diccionario Conciso: Español-Kawésqar}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib5721, +@book{bib5745, author = {F., Oscar E. Aguilera and P., José S. Tonko}, publisher = {CONADI}, title = {Manual para la Enseñanza de la Lengua Kawésqar}, year = {2005-2006} } -@book{bib5722, +@book{bib5746, author = {Paasonen, H.}, publisher = {Finnisch-Ugrische Gesellschaft}, title = {Mordwinische Chrestomathie mit Glossar und grammatikalischem Abriss}, year = {1909} } -@misc{bib5723, +@misc{bib5747, author = {Paauw, Scott H.}, pages = {741}, title = {The Malay contact varieties of eastern Indonesia: A typological comparison}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib5724, +@incollection{bib5748, author = {Pabón Triana, Marta}, editor = {Pabón Triana, M.}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -51244,7 +51464,7 @@ @incollection{bib5724 year = {1995} } -@book{bib5725, +@book{bib5749, author = {Pacheco, Miguel Ángel Quesada}, howpublished = {paperback book}, local_ids = {95620}, @@ -51255,7 +51475,7 @@ @book{bib5725 year = {2008} } -@article{bib5726, +@article{bib5750, author = {Pacheco, Miguel Ángel Quesada}, journal = {América Indígena}, pages = {295-313}, @@ -51264,21 +51484,21 @@ @article{bib5726 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5727, +@misc{bib5751, author = {Pachêco, Frantomé Bezerra}, pages = {145}, title = {Aspectos da gramática Ikpeng (Karíb)}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5728, +@misc{bib5752, author = {Pachêco, Frantomé Bezerra}, pages = {290}, title = {Morfossintaxe do verbo Ikpeng (Karíb)}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib5729, +@book{bib5753, author = {Pakendorf, Brigitte}, isbn = {9789078328421}, local_ids = {98616}, @@ -51288,20 +51508,20 @@ @book{bib5729 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib5730, +@misc{bib5754, author = {Pakir, Anne Geok-In Sim}, title = {A Linguistic Investigation of Baba Malay}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib5731, +@misc{bib5755, author = {Palancar, Enrique L.}, local_ids = {92800}, title = {Personal communication}, year = {2013} } -@book{bib5732, +@book{bib5756, author = {Palayer, P.}, address = {Lyon}, publisher = {Afrique et Langage}, @@ -51311,7 +51531,7 @@ @book{bib5732 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib5733, +@incollection{bib5757, author = {Palayer, Pierre}, address = {N'Djamena}, booktitle = {Les langues du groupe Boua Études et documents tchadiens: Série C (Linguistique)}, @@ -51322,13 +51542,13 @@ @incollection{bib5733 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib5734, +@misc{bib5758, author = {Palmer, Bill}, title = {A Grammar of the Kokota Language, Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib5735, +@article{bib5759, author = {Palmer, F. R.}, journal = {African Language Studies}, pages = {101-111}, @@ -51337,7 +51557,7 @@ @article{bib5735 year = {1965} } -@misc{bib5736, +@misc{bib5760, author = {Palmer, Bill}, local_ids = {24719}, title = {"Documenting Ririo and Papapana: the two most highly endangered Northwest Solomonic languages" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -51345,7 +51565,7 @@ @misc{bib5736 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib5737, +@incollection{bib5761, author = {Palmer, Bill}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -51356,7 +51576,7 @@ @incollection{bib5737 year = {2002} } -@book{bib5738, +@book{bib5762, author = {Palmer, Bill}, address = {Honolulu}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -51368,21 +51588,21 @@ @book{bib5738 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib5739, +@misc{bib5763, author = {Palmer, Bill}, local_ids = {97380}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5740, +@misc{bib5764, author = {Palmer, Bill}, local_ids = {97800}, school = {University of Newcastle}, title = {Personal Communication on Ratsua} } -@misc{bib5741, +@misc{bib5765, author = {Palmer, Bill}, institution = {The University of Newcastle}, local_ids = {99553}, @@ -51390,7 +51610,7 @@ @misc{bib5741 year = {2021} } -@article{bib5742, +@article{bib5766, author = {Palmer, F. R.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, pages = {376-391}, @@ -51399,7 +51619,7 @@ @article{bib5742 year = {1958} } -@phdthesis{bib5743, +@phdthesis{bib5767, author = {Palosaari, Naomi Elizabeth}, local_ids = {88780 88781}, school = {University of Utah}, @@ -51407,7 +51627,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib5743 year = {2011} } -@book{bib5744, +@book{bib5768, author = {Paluku, André Mbula}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -51417,7 +51637,7 @@ @book{bib5744 year = {1998} } -@article{bib5745, +@article{bib5769, author = {Palácio, Adair P}, journal = {LIAMES}, pages = {163-170}, @@ -51426,7 +51646,7 @@ @article{bib5745 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib5746, +@incollection{bib5770, author = {Palácio, Adair Pimentel}, editor = {Elson, Benjamin F.}, booktitle = {Language in a Global Perspective: Papers in Honor of the 50th Anniversary of the Summer Institute of Linguistics 1935-1985}, @@ -51435,13 +51655,13 @@ @incollection{bib5746 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib5747, +@misc{bib5771, author = {Palácio, Adair P.}, title = {Guató: a língua dos índios canoeiros do rio Paraguai}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib5748, +@article{bib5772, author = {Pampus, Karl-Heinz}, journal = {Paideuma}, pages = {127-56}, @@ -51450,7 +51670,7 @@ @article{bib5748 year = {2006} } -@phdthesis{bib5749, +@phdthesis{bib5773, author = {Pan, Chia-jung}, institution = {School of Arts and Social Sciences}, local_ids = {94880}, @@ -51459,7 +51679,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib5749 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5750, +@incollection{bib5774, author = {Panda, Sibaji}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and De Vox, Connie}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -51473,7 +51693,7 @@ @incollection{bib5750 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5751, +@incollection{bib5775, author = {Sarkar, J. K. and Pandit, T. N.}, editor = {Pandit, T. N. and Sarkar, B. N.}, booktitle = {Andaman and Nicobar Islands People of India}, @@ -51484,14 +51704,14 @@ @incollection{bib5751 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5752, +@book{bib5776, author = {Panfilov, V. Z.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Grammatika nivxskogo jazyka}, year = {1962} } -@book{bib5753, +@book{bib5777, author = {Panfilov, Vladimir Zinov'evic}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -51499,7 +51719,7 @@ @book{bib5753 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib5754, +@incollection{bib5778, author = {Panfilov, V. Z.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tungusko-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -51508,7 +51728,7 @@ @incollection{bib5754 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib5755, +@incollection{bib5779, author = {Freeman, Dena and Pankhurst, Alula}, editor = {Freeman, Dena and Pankhurst, Alula}, booktitle = {Living on the Edge: Marginalised Minorities of Craftworkers and Hunters in Southern Ethiopia}, @@ -51517,7 +51737,7 @@ @incollection{bib5755 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5756, +@incollection{bib5780, author = {Freeman, Dena and Pankhurst, Alula}, editor = {Freeman, Dena and Pankhurst, Alula}, booktitle = {Living on the Edge: Marginalised Minorities of Craftworkers and Hunters in Southern Ethiopia}, @@ -51526,7 +51746,7 @@ @incollection{bib5756 year = {2001} } -@article{bib5757, +@article{bib5781, author = {Panoussi, E.}, editor = {Heinrichs, W.}, address = {Atlanta}, @@ -51538,7 +51758,7 @@ @article{bib5757 year = {1990} } -@article{bib5758, +@article{bib5782, author = {Papen, Robert A.}, journal = {Journal of Language Contact}, pages = {154-183}, @@ -51547,7 +51767,7 @@ @article{bib5758 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib5759, +@incollection{bib5783, author = {Bakker, P. and Papen, R. A.}, editor = {Thomason, Sarah Grey}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -51559,19 +51779,19 @@ @incollection{bib5759 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5760, +@misc{bib5784, author = {Papp, Christine}, title = {Die Tehuelche: Ein Ethnohistorischer Betrag zu einer jahrhundertelangen Nicht-Begegnung}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib5761, +@misc{bib5785, author = {Parajuli, K. P.}, title = {A grammar of Kumal: as spoken in Arghakhanchi}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib5762, +@misc{bib5786, author = {Carter, John and Carter, Katie and MacKenzie, Bonnie and Paris, Hannah and Paris, Brian}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {92980}, @@ -51580,7 +51800,7 @@ @misc{bib5762 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5763, +@book{bib5787, author = {Paris, Brian}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99016}, @@ -51591,13 +51811,13 @@ @book{bib5763 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib5764, +@misc{bib5788, author = {Parish, Lucy}, title = {Some Aspects of Kungarakany Verb Morphology}, year = {1983} } -@misc{bib5765, +@misc{bib5789, author = {Park, Indrek}, howpublished = {PhD dissertation}, institution = {Indiana University}, @@ -51608,7 +51828,7 @@ @misc{bib5765 year = {2012} } -@book{bib5766, +@book{bib5790, author = {Park, Marinell and Wyss, Elisabeth}, pages = {48+63+77}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -51618,7 +51838,7 @@ @book{bib5766 year = {1995} } -@book{bib5767, +@book{bib5791, author = {Park, Andy}, address = {Sydney}, local_ids = {98875}, @@ -51628,7 +51848,7 @@ @book{bib5767 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib5768, +@incollection{bib5792, author = {Parker, Jim and Parker, Diana}, booktitle = {Phonologies of Four Papua New Guinea Languages Workpapers in Papua New Guinea Languages}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -51637,7 +51857,7 @@ @incollection{bib5768 year = {1974} } -@book{bib5769, +@book{bib5793, author = {Parker, G. J.}, publisher = {Mouton}, series = {Janua linguarum. Series practica}, @@ -51646,7 +51866,7 @@ @book{bib5769 year = {1969} } -@article{bib5770, +@article{bib5794, author = {Parker, William H.}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -51659,7 +51879,7 @@ @article{bib5770 year = {2019} } -@book{bib5771, +@book{bib5795, author = {Parker, Stephen G.}, pages = {105}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -51669,7 +51889,7 @@ @book{bib5771 year = {1994} } -@book{bib5772, +@book{bib5796, author = {Parker, Stephen G.}, address = {Perú}, pages = {208}, @@ -51680,7 +51900,7 @@ @book{bib5772 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib5773, +@incollection{bib5797, author = {Parks, Douglas Richard and Pratt, Lula Nora}, address = {Nebraska}, booktitle = {A dictionary of Skiri Pawnee}, @@ -51692,21 +51912,21 @@ @incollection{bib5773 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5774, +@book{bib5798, author = {Parks, Douglas R.}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, title = {A Grammar of Pawnee}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib5775, +@book{bib5799, author = {Parks, Douglas R.}, publisher = {White Shield School District}, title = {An English-Arikara Student Dictionary}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib5776, +@misc{bib5800, author = {Parks, Elizabeth and Williams, Holly and Parks, Jason}, local_ids = {99227}, title = {A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Deaf People of Panama}, @@ -51714,7 +51934,7 @@ @misc{bib5776 year = {2011} } -@book{bib5777, +@book{bib5801, author = {Parks, Elizabeth and Epley, Christina and Parks, Jason}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {95800}, @@ -51725,7 +51945,7 @@ @book{bib5777 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5778, +@misc{bib5802, author = {Parks, Elizabeth and Parks, Jason}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99222}, @@ -51734,7 +51954,7 @@ @misc{bib5778 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib5779, +@misc{bib5803, author = {Parks, Elizabeth and Parks, Jason}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99215}, @@ -51743,7 +51963,7 @@ @misc{bib5779 year = {2009} } -@article{bib5780, +@article{bib5804, author = {Parks, Roger}, journal = {Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -51753,14 +51973,14 @@ @article{bib5780 year = {1990} } -@book{bib5781, +@book{bib5805, author = {Pashkov, B. K.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Vostochnoj Literatury}, title = {Man'chzhurskij jazyk}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib5782, +@book{bib5806, author = {Passarge, S.}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, @@ -51768,7 +51988,7 @@ @book{bib5782 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib5783, +@incollection{bib5807, author = {Passi, Gamalai Ken and Piper, Nick}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -51777,13 +51997,13 @@ @incollection{bib5783 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib5784, +@misc{bib5808, author = {Good, Jeff and McFarland, Teresa and Paster, Mary}, title = {Reconstructing Achumawi and Atsugewi: Proto-Palaihnihan revisited}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib5785, +@incollection{bib5809, author = {Patnaik, Manideepa and Subbarao, K. V.}, editor = {Lust, B. C. and Wali, Kashi and Gair, J. W. and Subbarao, K. V.}, booktitle = {Lexical anaphors and pronouns in selected South Asian Languages. A Principled Typology Empirical Approaches to Language Typology}, @@ -51794,7 +52014,7 @@ @incollection{bib5785 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib5786, +@incollection{bib5810, author = {Patnaik, Manideepa}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -51806,14 +52026,14 @@ @incollection{bib5786 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5787, +@book{bib5811, author = {Paton, W. F.}, publisher = {The Australian National University}, title = {Ambrym (Lonwolwol) dictionary}, year = {1973} } -@book{bib5788, +@book{bib5812, author = {Paton, W. F.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -51823,7 +52043,7 @@ @book{bib5788 year = {1971} } -@book{bib5789, +@book{bib5813, author = {Paton, Doris}, address = {Churchill}, local_ids = {98861}, @@ -51832,7 +52052,7 @@ @book{bib5789 url = {http://www.vaclang.org.au/languages/yirruk-tinnor-gunnai-kurnai-language-program.html} } -@book{bib5790, +@book{bib5814, author = {Patrie, James}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i Press}, series = {Oceanic Linguistics Special Publication}, @@ -51841,7 +52061,7 @@ @book{bib5790 year = {1982} } -@book{bib5791, +@book{bib5815, author = {Patte, Marie-France}, address = {San Cristóbal}, publisher = {Universidad Católica del Táchira}, @@ -51849,7 +52069,7 @@ @book{bib5791 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib5792, +@incollection{bib5816, author = {Patte, Marie-France}, editor = {Carlin, Eithne and Arends, Jacques}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -51861,13 +52081,13 @@ @incollection{bib5792 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib5793, +@misc{bib5817, author = {Patz, E.}, title = {A Grammar of the Kuku-Yalanji Language of North Queensland}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib5794, +@book{bib5818, author = {Patz, Elisabeth}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -51877,13 +52097,13 @@ @book{bib5794 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib5795, +@misc{bib5819, author = {Patz, E.}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Dyabugay}, year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib5796, +@incollection{bib5820, author = {Patz, Elisabeth}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {The Aboriginal Language of Melbourne and Other Sketches Handbook of Australian Languages}, @@ -51894,7 +52114,7 @@ @incollection{bib5796 year = {1991} } -@article{bib5797, +@article{bib5821, author = {Paudel, Krishna}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98282}, @@ -51905,7 +52125,7 @@ @article{bib5797 year = {2008} } -@article{bib5798, +@article{bib5822, author = {Paudel, Krishna}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98283}, @@ -51916,7 +52136,7 @@ @article{bib5798 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib5799, +@misc{bib5823, author = {Paudyal, Netra Prasad}, local_ids = {98168}, school = {Kirtipur: Tribhuvan University}, @@ -51924,7 +52144,7 @@ @misc{bib5799 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib5800, +@misc{bib5824, author = {Paul, Daniel}, local_ids = {98117}, school = {University of Manchester}, @@ -51933,7 +52153,7 @@ @misc{bib5800 year = {2011} } -@article{bib5801, +@article{bib5825, author = {Paul, A.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {223-245}, @@ -51942,7 +52162,7 @@ @article{bib5801 year = {1950} } -@book{bib5802, +@book{bib5826, author = {Paul, Ludwig}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Dr. Ludwig Reichert}, @@ -51950,7 +52170,7 @@ @book{bib5802 year = {1998} } -@book{bib5803, +@book{bib5827, author = {Paulin, Pascale}, local_ids = {91780}, publisher = {Sorosoro}, @@ -51959,7 +52179,7 @@ @book{bib5803 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib5804, +@incollection{bib5828, author = {Paulin, Pascale}, editor = {David, Maya Khemlani and Ostler, Nicholas and Dealwis, Caesar}, booktitle = {Proceedings of FEL XI, Working Together for Endangered Languages: Research Challenges and Social Impacts}, @@ -51971,7 +52191,7 @@ @incollection{bib5804 year = {2007} } -@article{bib5805, +@article{bib5829, author = {Payne, David L.}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, local_ids = {98417}, @@ -51981,20 +52201,20 @@ @article{bib5805 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib5806, +@misc{bib5830, author = {Payne, Doris}, title = {Aspects of the Grammar of Yagua: A Typological Approach}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5807, +@misc{bib5831, author = {Payne, Doris Lander}, pages = {441}, title = {Aspects of the Grammar of Yagua: A Typological Perspective (Peru)}, year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib5808, +@incollection{bib5832, author = {Payne and E., Thomas and and Payne., Doris L.}, booktitle = {A Typological Grammar of Panare: A Cariban Language of Venezuela}, local_ids = {98407}, @@ -52003,7 +52223,7 @@ @incollection{bib5808 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib5809, +@incollection{bib5833, author = {Payne, Doris L.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -52012,14 +52232,14 @@ @incollection{bib5809 year = {1986} } -@book{bib5810, +@book{bib5834, author = {Payne, Thomas Edward}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Describing morphosyntax: A guide for field linguists}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib5811, +@article{bib5835, author = {Payne, Doris}, journal = {Language}, pages = {783-804}, @@ -52028,7 +52248,7 @@ @article{bib5811 year = {1987} } -@book{bib5812, +@book{bib5836, author = {Payne, Judith K.}, pages = {502}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -52039,7 +52259,7 @@ @book{bib5812 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib5813, +@incollection{bib5837, author = {Payne, John}, editor = {Schmitt, Rüdiger}, booktitle = {Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum}, @@ -52048,7 +52268,7 @@ @incollection{bib5813 year = {1989} } -@article{bib5814, +@article{bib5838, author = {Payne, David L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -52058,7 +52278,7 @@ @article{bib5814 year = {1985} } -@book{bib5815, +@book{bib5839, author = {Payne, David L.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -52067,21 +52287,21 @@ @book{bib5815 year = {1981} } -@book{bib5816, +@book{bib5840, author = {Payne, Doris L.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {The Pragmatics of Word Order: Typological Dimensions of Verb Initial Languages}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib5817, +@book{bib5841, author = {Payne, Thomas Edward}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {The Twins Stories: Participant Coding in Yagua Narrative}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib5818, +@book{bib5842, author = {Payne, Stephen}, address = {Dakar}, publisher = {SIL}, @@ -52089,7 +52309,7 @@ @book{bib5818 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5819, +@incollection{bib5843, author = {Payne, Doris L. and Payne, Thomas E.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages}, @@ -52098,7 +52318,7 @@ @incollection{bib5819 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib5820, +@incollection{bib5844, author = {Paz, Domingo}, editor = {Ruz, Mario Humberto}, booktitle = {Las lenguas del Chiapas Colonial: Manuscritos en la Biblioteca Nacional de París}, @@ -52107,7 +52327,7 @@ @incollection{bib5820 year = {1989 [1775]} } -@article{bib5821, +@article{bib5845, author = {y Miño, Luis T. Paz}, journal = {Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia}, number = {57}, @@ -52117,7 +52337,7 @@ @article{bib5821 year = {1941} } -@book{bib5822, +@book{bib5846, author = {Pearce, Elizabeth}, isbn = {978-1614517658}, local_ids = {99283}, @@ -52127,7 +52347,7 @@ @book{bib5822 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib5823, +@incollection{bib5847, author = {Pearce, Elizabeth}, editor = {François, Alexandre and Lacrampe, Sebastien and Franjieh, Michael and and Schnell, Stefan}, booktitle = {The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia}, @@ -52138,13 +52358,13 @@ @incollection{bib5823 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib5824, +@misc{bib5848, author = {Ahland, Michael and Pearce, Mary}, title = {Tonal Behaviour in the Northern Mao possessive construction: Downstep or double downstep?}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib5825, +@incollection{bib5849, author = {Pearce, Elizabeth}, editor = {Moyse-Faurie, Claire and Sabel, Joachim}, booktitle = {Topics in Oceanic Morphosyntax}, @@ -52153,13 +52373,13 @@ @incollection{bib5825 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5826, +@misc{bib5850, author = {Pease, Helen}, title = {Parintintin Grammar}, year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib5827, +@incollection{bib5851, author = {Peasgood, E. T.}, editor = {Grimes, J. E.}, booktitle = {Languages of the Guianas}, @@ -52168,7 +52388,7 @@ @incollection{bib5827 year = {1972} } -@article{bib5828, +@article{bib5852, author = {Peck, Naomi}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -52182,7 +52402,7 @@ @article{bib5828 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib5829, +@incollection{bib5853, author = {Peck, H. Dudley and Peck, Dorothy M.}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -52191,7 +52411,7 @@ @incollection{bib5829 year = {1966} } -@article{bib5830, +@article{bib5854, author = {Peckham, Lloyd}, journal = {Workpapers in Indonesian Languages and Cultures}, pages = {147-185}, @@ -52200,7 +52420,7 @@ @article{bib5830 year = {1991} } -@article{bib5831, +@article{bib5855, author = {Pecoraro, Ferdinando}, journal = {S.E.C.M}, title = {Essai de dictionnaire taroko-français}, @@ -52208,7 +52428,7 @@ @article{bib5831 year = {1977} } -@article{bib5832, +@article{bib5856, author = {Peeke, M. Catherine}, journal = {SIL Electronic Working Papers}, title = {A bibliography of the Waorani of Ecuador}, @@ -52216,7 +52436,7 @@ @article{bib5832 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5833, +@book{bib5857, author = {Peeke, M. Catherine}, pages = {72}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -52226,14 +52446,14 @@ @book{bib5833 year = {1991} } -@book{bib5834, +@book{bib5858, author = {Peeke, M. Catherine}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {El idioma huao, gramática pedagógica 1}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib5835, +@book{bib5859, author = {Peeke, M. Catherine}, pages = {126}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -52243,7 +52463,7 @@ @book{bib5835 year = {1979} } -@book{bib5836, +@book{bib5860, author = {Wamöñe, Camilo Tademö and Peeke, Catherine}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Language and Culture Documentation and Description}, @@ -52252,7 +52472,7 @@ @book{bib5836 year = {2009} } -@book{bib5837, +@book{bib5861, author = {Peeke, Catherine}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -52261,7 +52481,7 @@ @book{bib5837 year = {1973} } -@article{bib5838, +@article{bib5862, author = {Peeke, C. M.}, journal = {Peru Indígena}, pages = {170-178}, @@ -52270,7 +52490,7 @@ @article{bib5838 year = {1954} } -@incollection{bib5839, +@incollection{bib5863, author = {Peeke, M. Catherine}, editor = {Elson, Benjamin F.}, booktitle = {Studies in Ecuadorian Indian languages 1 Linguistic Series}, @@ -52281,7 +52501,7 @@ @incollection{bib5839 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib5840, +@incollection{bib5864, author = {Peeke, Catherine}, editor = {Kahrel, Peter and Berg, René Van Den}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation}, @@ -52290,7 +52510,7 @@ @incollection{bib5840 year = {1994} } -@article{bib5841, +@article{bib5865, author = {Peekel, P. G.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {10-34, 92-120}, @@ -52299,13 +52519,13 @@ @article{bib5841 year = {1929-1930} } -@misc{bib5842, +@misc{bib5866, author = {Peile, Anthony Rex}, title = {Introduction to Gugadja}, year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib5843, +@incollection{bib5867, author = {Peiros, Ilia}, editor = {Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia and Blench, Roger and Ross, Malcolm D. and Peiros, Ilia and Lin, Marie}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -52317,7 +52537,7 @@ @incollection{bib5843 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5844, +@incollection{bib5868, author = {Pelkey, Jamin}, booktitle = {Dialectology as dialectic: interpreting Phula variation.}, isbn = {978-3-11-024584-4}, @@ -52327,13 +52547,13 @@ @incollection{bib5844 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib5845, +@misc{bib5869, author = {Pelkey, Jamin R.}, title = {The Phula languages in synchronic and diachronic perspective}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5846, +@incollection{bib5870, author = {Pellard, Thomas}, editor = {Shimoji, Michinori and Pellard, Thomas}, booktitle = {An Introduction to Ryukyuan Languages}, @@ -52342,7 +52562,7 @@ @incollection{bib5846 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5847, +@book{bib5871, author = {Pelleprat, Pierre}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {S & G Cramoisy}, @@ -52350,7 +52570,7 @@ @book{bib5847 year = {1655} } -@article{bib5848, +@article{bib5872, author = {Pelleschi, Juan}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto Geográfico Argentino}, pages = {559-622, 173-350}, @@ -52359,7 +52579,7 @@ @article{bib5848 year = {1896, 1897} } -@article{bib5849, +@article{bib5873, author = {Pellicer, Liliana}, howpublished = {data republished in several locations}, journal = {Revista D}, @@ -52371,21 +52591,21 @@ @article{bib5849 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5850, +@book{bib5874, author = {Pellizzaro, Siro M.}, publisher = {Offsetec}, title = {Shuar: Apuntes de gramática}, year = {1969} } -@book{bib5851, +@book{bib5875, author = {Penayo, Jeremías}, publisher = {Centrum för Multietnisk Forskning, Uppsala Universitet}, title = {Guarani Grammatik}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib5852, +@book{bib5876, author = {Penchoen, Thomas G.}, publisher = {Undena Publishing}, series = {Afroasiatic Dialects}, @@ -52394,21 +52614,21 @@ @book{bib5852 year = {1973} } -@book{bib5853, +@book{bib5877, author = {Pengitov, N. T. and Galkin, I. S. and Isakbaev, N. I.}, publisher = {s.n.}, title = {Sovremennyj marijskij jazyk: Morfologija}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib5854, +@book{bib5878, author = {Pennington, Campbell W.}, publisher = {Universidad Nactional Autónoma de México}, title = {Arte y Vocabulario de la Lengua Dohema, Heve, o Eudeve}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib5855, +@article{bib5879, author = {Pennoyer, F. D.}, journal = {Philippine Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {1-36}, @@ -52417,7 +52637,7 @@ @article{bib5855 year = {1986/1987} } -@misc{bib5856, +@misc{bib5880, author = {Pensalfini, Rob}, howpublished = {Endangered Language Fund grant abstract}, local_ids = {88204}, @@ -52426,13 +52646,13 @@ @misc{bib5856 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib5857, +@misc{bib5881, author = {Pensalfini, R.}, title = {Jingulu Grammar, Dictionary and Texts}, year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib5858, +@incollection{bib5882, author = {Pensalfini, Rob}, editor = {Simpson, Jane and Nash, David and Laughren, Mary and Austin, Peter and Alpher, Barry}, booktitle = {Forty Years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages}, @@ -52441,7 +52661,7 @@ @incollection{bib5858 year = {2001} } -@article{bib5859, +@article{bib5883, author = {Pentangelo, Joseph}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -52455,14 +52675,14 @@ @article{bib5859 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib5860, +@misc{bib5884, author = {People, Eyak}, local_ids = {98814}, title = {The dAXunhyuuga' eLearning Place}, url = {http://www.eyakpeople.com/} } -@misc{bib5861, +@misc{bib5885, author = {of Indigenous Peoples, Council}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {96420}, @@ -52472,13 +52692,13 @@ @misc{bib5861 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib5862, +@misc{bib5886, author = {Pepandze, N. J.}, title = {The Morpho-syntax of Baba 1}, year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5863, +@incollection{bib5887, author = {Perder, Emil}, booktitle = {A Grammatical Description of Dameli}, howpublished = {online}, @@ -52489,26 +52709,26 @@ @incollection{bib5863 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib5864, +@misc{bib5888, author = {Pereira, Deuscreide Gonçalves}, title = {Alguns aspectos gramaticais da língua Maxakali}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib5865, +@misc{bib5889, author = {Pereira Lima, Stella Telles}, title = {A Língua Umutína: "um sopro de vida"}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib5866, +@book{bib5890, author = {Perez Martinez, Vitalino}, publisher = {Proyecto Linguıstico Francisco Marroquın}, title = {Gramática del idioma ch'orti'}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib5867, +@book{bib5891, author = {Perialwar, R.}, address = {Annamalai}, publisher = {Annamalai University}, @@ -52516,7 +52736,7 @@ @book{bib5867 year = {1978} } -@article{bib5868, +@article{bib5892, author = {Pericliev, Vladimir}, journal = {Journal of Universal Language}, pages = {39-59}, @@ -52525,7 +52745,7 @@ @article{bib5868 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib5869, +@misc{bib5893, author = {Perlin, Ross}, local_ids = {24598}, title = {"Documentation and description of Dulong" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -52533,7 +52753,7 @@ @misc{bib5869 year = {2008} } -@article{bib5870, +@article{bib5894, author = {Perlin, Ross}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, local_ids = {98917}, @@ -52546,7 +52766,7 @@ @article{bib5870 year = {2009} } -@article{bib5871, +@article{bib5895, author = {Farrell, Patrick and Marlett, Stepehen A. and Perlmutter, David M.}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, pages = {431-56}, @@ -52555,7 +52775,7 @@ @article{bib5871 year = {1991} } -@article{bib5872, +@article{bib5896, author = {Perret, Jacques}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {65-98}, @@ -52564,7 +52784,7 @@ @article{bib5872 year = {1933} } -@article{bib5873, +@article{bib5897, author = {Hildebrandt, Kristine A. and Perry, J. Joseph}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics}, @@ -52576,14 +52796,14 @@ @article{bib5873 year = {2011} } -@book{bib5874, +@book{bib5898, author = {Perry, Edgar and Quintero, Canyon Z. Sr. and Davenport, Catherine D. and Perry, Corrine B.}, publisher = {White Mountain Apache Culture Center}, title = {Western Apache Dictionary}, year = {1000} } -@article{bib5875, +@article{bib5899, author = {Person, Kirk R}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, pages = {117-141}, @@ -52592,7 +52812,7 @@ @article{bib5875 year = {2005} } -@article{bib5876, +@article{bib5900, author = {Person, Yves}, journal = {Études Dahoméennes}, pages = {21-45}, @@ -52601,7 +52821,7 @@ @article{bib5876 year = {1956} } -@book{bib5877, +@book{bib5901, author = {Person, Kirk R.}, publisher = {SIL International}, series = {SIL Technical Paper}, @@ -52610,7 +52830,7 @@ @book{bib5877 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib5878, +@incollection{bib5902, author = {Person, Kirk R.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham W.}, booktitle = {Papers from The Ninth Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society}, @@ -52619,13 +52839,13 @@ @incollection{bib5878 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib5879, +@misc{bib5903, author = {Peréz, Mercedes}, title = {Word Order in Kawesqar}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib5880, +@incollection{bib5904, author = {Pesetsky, David}, editor = {Safir, K.}, booktitle = {no booktitle MIT Working papers in Linguistics}, @@ -52636,7 +52856,7 @@ @incollection{bib5880 year = {1979} } -@book{bib5881, +@book{bib5905, author = {Tiffou, É. and Pesot, J.}, address = {Paris}, pages = {170}, @@ -52647,7 +52867,7 @@ @book{bib5881 year = {1989} } -@article{bib5882, +@article{bib5906, author = {Pessoa, Katia Nepomuceno}, journal = {Anais do SETA}, pages = {389-394}, @@ -52656,7 +52876,7 @@ @article{bib5882 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib5883, +@incollection{bib5907, author = {Pessoa, Katia Nepomuceno}, editor = {Pessoa, João}, booktitle = {Anais - VI Congresso Internacional da Abralin}, @@ -52665,13 +52885,13 @@ @incollection{bib5883 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib5884, +@misc{bib5908, author = {Pessoa, Katia Nepomuceno}, title = {Fonologia Taurepang e comparação preliminar da fonologia de línguas do grupo Pemóng (Família Caribe)}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib5885, +@article{bib5909, author = {Pet, W. J. A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -52681,13 +52901,13 @@ @article{bib5885 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib5886, +@misc{bib5910, author = {Pet, Willem J. A.}, title = {Lokono Dian, the Arawak Language of Suriname: A Sketch of its Grammatical Structure and Lexicon}, year = {1987} } -@article{bib5887, +@article{bib5911, author = {Herrick, Dylan and Berardo, Marcellino and Feeling, Durbin and Hirata-Edds, Tracy and Peter, Lizette}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, title = {Collaborative Documentation and Revitalization of Cherokee Tone}, @@ -52695,7 +52915,7 @@ @article{bib5887 year = {2015} } -@book{bib5888, +@book{bib5912, author = {Peters, John F.}, address = {Peterborough, Ontario}, publisher = {Broadview}, @@ -52703,27 +52923,27 @@ @book{bib5888 year = {1998} } -@book{bib5889, +@book{bib5913, author = {Early, John D. and Peters, John F.}, publisher = {University Press of Florida}, title = {The Xilixana Yanomami of the Amazon: history, social structure, and population dynamics}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib5890, +@misc{bib5914, author = {Petersen, Jan Heegård}, title = {Local case-marking in Kalasha}, url = {http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/faces/viewItemFullPage.jsp?itemId=escidoc:405224:5}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5891, +@misc{bib5915, author = {Petersen de Piñeros, Gabriele}, title = {La lengua Uitoto en la obra de K. Th. Preuss: aspectos fonológicos y morfosintácticos}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib5892, +@book{bib5916, author = {Peterson, John}, address = {Leiden}, isbn = {9789004187207}, @@ -52733,7 +52953,7 @@ @book{bib5892 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib5893, +@incollection{bib5917, author = {Peterson, David and VanBik, Kenneth}, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin}, booktitle = {Coordinating Constructions}, @@ -52742,13 +52962,13 @@ @incollection{bib5893 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib5894, +@misc{bib5918, author = {Peterson, David A}, title = {Discourse-functional, Historical, and Typological Aspects of Applicative Constructions}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib5895, +@incollection{bib5919, author = {Peterson, David A.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -52759,7 +52979,7 @@ @incollection{bib5895 year = {2003} } -@article{bib5896, +@article{bib5920, author = {Bishop, Nancy M. and Peterson, Mary M.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {163-195}, @@ -52768,7 +52988,7 @@ @article{bib5896 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib5897, +@incollection{bib5921, author = {Peterson, John}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -52777,21 +52997,21 @@ @incollection{bib5897 year = {2008} } -@book{bib5898, +@book{bib5922, author = {Peterson, John}, publisher = {Habilitationsschrift, Universität Osnabrück}, title = {Kharia: A South Munda Language}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib5899, +@book{bib5923, author = {Petitot, E.}, publisher = {Ernest Leroux}, title = {Dictionnaire de la Langue Dènè-Dindjiè}, year = {1876} } -@book{bib5900, +@book{bib5924, author = {Petrova, Taisija Ivanovna}, address = {Leningrad}, publisher = {Nauka, Leningradskoe Otdelenie}, @@ -52799,14 +53019,14 @@ @book{bib5900 year = {1967} } -@book{bib5901, +@book{bib5925, author = {Petrova, Taisija Ivanovna}, publisher = {Gosudarstvennoe Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoe Izdatel'stvo}, title = {Nanajsko-Russkij slovar'}, year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib5902, +@incollection{bib5926, author = {Petrova, Taisija Ivanovna}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -52815,7 +53035,7 @@ @incollection{bib5902 year = {1968} } -@article{bib5903, +@article{bib5927, author = {Petrullo, V.}, journal = {Anthropological Papers}, number = {11}, @@ -52825,21 +53045,21 @@ @article{bib5903 year = {1939} } -@book{bib5904, +@book{bib5928, author = {Petter, Rodolphe}, publisher = {Mennonite Mission}, title = {English-Cheyenne Dictionary}, year = {1915} } -@book{bib5905, +@book{bib5929, author = {Pettigrew, William}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Printing Office}, title = {Tangkhul Naga Grammar and Dictionary}, year = {1918} } -@article{bib5906, +@article{bib5930, author = {Petzell, Malin and Aunio, Lotta}, editor = {de Velde, Mark Van and Bostoen, Koen and Nurse, Derek and and Philippson, Gérard}, booktitle = {The Bantu Languages}, @@ -52852,7 +53072,7 @@ @article{bib5906 year = {2019} } -@book{bib5907, +@book{bib5931, author = {Pfizmaier, A.}, address = {Wien}, pages = {801-880}, @@ -52863,7 +53083,7 @@ @book{bib5907 year = {1884} } -@article{bib5908, +@article{bib5932, author = {Phaiboon, Duangchan}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {207-224}, @@ -52872,14 +53092,14 @@ @article{bib5908 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib5909, +@misc{bib5933, author = {Philippson, Gerard}, title = {Tons et Accent dans les Langues Bantu d'Afrique Orientale: Étude Comparative Typologique et Diachronique}, url = {https://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H011}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib5910, +@incollection{bib5934, author = {Philips Leuque, Enrique}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -52889,7 +53109,7 @@ @incollection{bib5910 year = {2002 [1927]} } -@article{bib5911, +@article{bib5935, author = {Burling, Robbins and Phom, L. Amon}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {2}, @@ -52899,7 +53119,7 @@ @article{bib5911 year = {1998} } -@article{bib5912, +@article{bib5936, author = {Phong, Nguyen Phy}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {179-190}, @@ -52908,7 +53128,7 @@ @article{bib5912 year = {1996} } -@book{bib5913, +@book{bib5937, author = {Pichl, Walter J.}, address = {Pittsburgh}, publisher = {Duquesne University Press}, @@ -52916,7 +53136,7 @@ @book{bib5913 year = {1971} } -@book{bib5914, +@book{bib5938, author = {Pick, Andrew}, local_ids = {99680}, month = {December}, @@ -52927,7 +53147,7 @@ @book{bib5914 year = {2020} } -@book{bib5915, +@book{bib5939, author = {Pickering, Wilbur N.}, address = {Brasilia, D.F.}, publisher = {SIL}, @@ -52937,7 +53157,7 @@ @book{bib5915 year = {1971} } -@article{bib5916, +@article{bib5940, author = {Pickering, Wilbur N.}, journal = {Serie Linguistica}, pages = {127-140}, @@ -52946,7 +53166,7 @@ @article{bib5916 year = {1977} } -@article{bib5917, +@article{bib5941, author = {Pickering, Wilbur}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, pages = {63-66}, @@ -52955,14 +53175,14 @@ @article{bib5917 year = {1973} } -@book{bib5918, +@book{bib5942, author = {Pickett, Velma B. and Black, Cheryl and Cerqueda, Vicente Marcial}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación y Desarrolle Binnizá A. C. and Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano A. C.}, title = {Gramatica Popular del Zapoteco Del Istmo}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib5919, +@article{bib5943, author = {Pickett, V. B.}, journal = {Language}, number = {1}, @@ -52973,14 +53193,14 @@ @article{bib5919 year = {1960} } -@book{bib5920, +@book{bib5944, author = {Pickett, Velma}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Zapoteco del Istmo}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib5921, +@book{bib5945, author = {Pickett, Velma B. and Embrey, Virginia}, pages = {139}, publisher = {Instituto de Investigación e Integración Social del Estado de Oaxaca}, @@ -52990,7 +53210,7 @@ @book{bib5921 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib5922, +@incollection{bib5946, author = {Piedrahíta, Uribe}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -53002,7 +53222,7 @@ @incollection{bib5922 year = {1996} } -@article{bib5923, +@article{bib5947, author = {Pierce, Joe S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -53012,7 +53232,7 @@ @article{bib5923 year = {1965} } -@article{bib5924, +@article{bib5948, author = {Pierce, Joe E.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {31-42}, @@ -53021,7 +53241,7 @@ @article{bib5924 year = {1971} } -@article{bib5925, +@article{bib5949, author = {Pierce, Joe E.}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {120-128}, @@ -53030,7 +53250,7 @@ @article{bib5925 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib5926, +@incollection{bib5950, author = {Pike, K.}, editor = {Abercrombie, D.}, booktitle = {In honour of Daniel Jones: Papers contributed on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, 12 September 1961}, @@ -53039,7 +53259,7 @@ @incollection{bib5926 year = {1964} } -@book{bib5927, +@book{bib5951, author = {Pillai, V. Chidambaranatha}, address = {Annamalainagar}, publisher = {Annamalai University}, @@ -53047,7 +53267,7 @@ @book{bib5927 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib5928, +@misc{bib5952, author = {Pillai, Stefanie}, local_ids = {24665}, title = {"Documentation of Malaccan Portuguese Creole" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -53055,7 +53275,7 @@ @misc{bib5928 year = {2011} } -@book{bib5929, +@book{bib5953, author = {Hart, C.W.M. and Pilling, Arnold R.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Holt, Reinhart and Winston}, @@ -53064,7 +53284,7 @@ @book{bib5929 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib5930, +@incollection{bib5954, author = {Pilling, Arnold R.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -53075,21 +53295,21 @@ @incollection{bib5930 year = {1978} } -@book{bib5931, +@book{bib5955, author = {Pilsudski, Bronislaw}, publisher = {Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu}, title = {Materials for the Study of the Orok (Uilta) Language and Folklore 2}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib5932, +@book{bib5956, author = {Pimentel, Franciso}, publisher = {Isidoro Epstein}, title = {Cuadro descriptivo y comparativo de las lenguas indígenas de México: o Tratado de filología mexicana. [vol. II]}, year = {1875} } -@incollection{bib5933, +@incollection{bib5957, author = {Pimentel, D. Francisco}, booktitle = {Obras completas de D. Francisco Pimentel Tipografía Económica}, pages = {ch. 28}, @@ -53097,7 +53317,7 @@ @incollection{bib5933 year = {1903} } -@article{bib5934, +@article{bib5958, author = {Pinart, Alphonse L.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {907-913}, @@ -53106,7 +53326,7 @@ @article{bib5934 year = {1906} } -@incollection{bib5935, +@incollection{bib5959, author = {Pinart, Alphonse}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -53118,7 +53338,7 @@ @incollection{bib5935 year = {1999} } -@book{bib5936, +@book{bib5960, author = {Pinart, A. L.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Érnest Leroux}, @@ -53128,7 +53348,7 @@ @book{bib5936 year = {1892} } -@book{bib5937, +@book{bib5961, author = {Pinart, A. L.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Érnest Leroux}, @@ -53138,13 +53358,13 @@ @book{bib5937 year = {1897} } -@misc{bib5938, +@misc{bib5962, author = {Pinart, Alphonse}, title = {[Vocabulary of the Seri]}, year = {1879} } -@incollection{bib5939, +@incollection{bib5963, author = {Pineda, Baron}, editor = {Strazny, Philipp}, address = {270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016}, @@ -53156,7 +53376,7 @@ @incollection{bib5939 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5940, +@incollection{bib5964, author = {Pineda Camacho, Roberto}, booktitle = {Introducción a la Colombia amerindia ICAN}, pages = {151-164}, @@ -53164,14 +53384,14 @@ @incollection{bib5940 year = {1985} } -@book{bib5941, +@book{bib5965, author = {Pinnow, Heinz-Jürgen}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Kharia-Texte}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib5942, +@book{bib5966, author = {Pinto, E.}, address = {São Paulo}, publisher = {Editora Nacional}, @@ -53179,25 +53399,25 @@ @book{bib5942 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib5943, +@misc{bib5967, author = {Piper, N.}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Meryam Mer}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib5944, +@misc{bib5968, author = {Piper, Nick}, title = {A Sketch Grammar of Meryam Mir}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib5945, +@misc{bib5969, author = {Pires, Nádia N.}, title = {Estudo da gramática da língua Jeoromitxi (Jabuti)}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib5946, +@incollection{bib5970, author = {Moore, Denny and Facundes, Sidney and Pires, Nádia}, address = {Berkeley}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the meeting of the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas and the Hokan-Penutian workshop Survey of California and other Indian Languages, Report}, @@ -53208,19 +53428,19 @@ @incollection{bib5946 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib5947, +@misc{bib5971, author = {Piron, Pascale}, title = {Éléments du description du Kota, langue bantoue du Gabon, B.25}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib5948, +@misc{bib5972, author = {Pisanço, Gessiane Lobato}, title = {Mundurukú: Phonetics, Phonology, Diachrony, Synchrony}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib5949, +@article{bib5973, author = {Pitkin, H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -53230,7 +53450,7 @@ @article{bib5949 year = {1962} } -@article{bib5950, +@article{bib5974, author = {Pitkin, Harvey}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics, Native American Text Series}, number = {2}, @@ -53240,20 +53460,20 @@ @article{bib5950 year = {1977} } -@book{bib5951, +@book{bib5975, author = {Pitkin, Harvey}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Wintu Dictionary}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib5952, +@misc{bib5976, author = {Pitkin, Harvey}, title = {Wintu Grammar}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib5953, +@book{bib5977, author = {Pitkin, Harvey}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {xvii+306}, @@ -53264,7 +53484,7 @@ @book{bib5953 year = {1984} } -@book{bib5954, +@book{bib5978, author = {Pitman, Donald}, address = {Riberalta, Bolivia}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüística del Verano}, @@ -53274,7 +53494,7 @@ @book{bib5954 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib5955, +@incollection{bib5979, author = {Pittayaporn, Pittayawat}, editor = {Grant, Anthony and Sidwell, Paul}, booktitle = {Chamic and Beyond}, @@ -53283,7 +53503,7 @@ @incollection{bib5955 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5956, +@incollection{bib5980, author = {Pittayaporn, Pittayawat}, booktitle = {The 10th International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics}, title = {When words erode: Proto-Austronesian trisyllabic syncopation in Moken}, @@ -53291,21 +53511,21 @@ @incollection{bib5956 year = {2006} } -@book{bib5957, +@book{bib5981, author = {Pittier de Fabrega, Henri}, publisher = {Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften}, title = {Die Sprache der Bribri-Indianer in Costa Rica}, year = {1898} } -@misc{bib5958, +@misc{bib5982, author = {Plaisier, Heleen}, title = {A Grammar of Lepcha}, url = {https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/4379/Thesis.pdf?sequence=1}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib5959, +@book{bib5983, author = {Plaisier, Heleen}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Languages of the Greater Himalayan Region}, @@ -53314,7 +53534,7 @@ @book{bib5959 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib5960, +@incollection{bib5984, author = {Plaisir, Helen}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -53325,7 +53545,7 @@ @incollection{bib5960 year = {2003} } -@article{bib5961, +@article{bib5985, author = {Planert, W.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {551-557}, @@ -53334,7 +53554,7 @@ @article{bib5961 year = {1907} } -@article{bib5962, +@article{bib5986, author = {Planert, W.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {685-691}, @@ -53343,7 +53563,7 @@ @article{bib5962 year = {1908} } -@article{bib5963, +@article{bib5987, author = {Planert, W.}, journal = {Bibliotheca Africana}, pages = {296-315}, @@ -53352,7 +53572,7 @@ @article{bib5963 year = {1926} } -@article{bib5964, +@article{bib5988, author = {Planert, W.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, number = {3}, @@ -53362,13 +53582,13 @@ @article{bib5964 year = {1905} } -@misc{bib5965, +@misc{bib5989, author = {Plassais, Françoise}, title = {Étude linguistique et éthnolinguistique de la langue Tiwi (Australie)}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib5966, +@article{bib5990, author = {Platero, P. R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -53378,7 +53598,7 @@ @article{bib5966 year = {1974} } -@article{bib5967, +@article{bib5991, author = {Platiel, Suzy}, journal = {Mandenkan}, local_ids = {93825}, @@ -53388,7 +53608,7 @@ @article{bib5967 year = {1982} } -@book{bib5968, +@book{bib5992, author = {Platt, John T.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -53397,7 +53617,7 @@ @book{bib5968 year = {1972} } -@book{bib5969, +@book{bib5993, author = {Plisnier-Ladame, Francine}, address = {Bruxelles}, publisher = {Centre de documentation économique et sociale Africaine}, @@ -53407,7 +53627,7 @@ @book{bib5969 year = {1970} } -@article{bib5970, +@article{bib5994, author = {Ploeg, Anton}, journal = {Journal of Pacific History}, number = {2}, @@ -53417,14 +53637,14 @@ @article{bib5970 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib5971, +@misc{bib5995, author = {Ploykaew, Pornsawan}, pages = {xx+350}, title = {Samre Grammar}, year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib5972, +@incollection{bib5996, author = {Pokharel, Madhav P.}, editor = {Yadava, Yogendra P. and Bhattarai, Govinda and Lohani, Ram Raj and Prasain, Balaram and Parajuli, Krishna}, booktitle = {Contemporary issues in Nepalese linguistics}, @@ -53433,7 +53653,7 @@ @incollection{bib5972 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5973, +@incollection{bib5997, author = {Pokrovskaja, Ljudmila A.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -53442,7 +53662,7 @@ @incollection{bib5973 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib5974, +@incollection{bib5998, author = {Pokrovskaja, Ljudmila A.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -53451,21 +53671,21 @@ @incollection{bib5974 year = {1997} } -@book{bib5975, +@book{bib5999, author = {Pokrovskaja, Ljudmila A.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Grammatika gagauzskogo jazyka. Fonetika i Morfologia}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib5976, +@book{bib6000, author = {Pokrovskaja, Ljudmila A.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Sintaksis gagauzskogo jazyka v sravnitel'nom osveshchenii}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib5977, +@book{bib6001, author = {Polak, J. E. R.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.}, @@ -53475,28 +53695,28 @@ @book{bib5977 year = {1894} } -@book{bib5978, +@book{bib6002, author = {Poldevaart, Arie}, publisher = {Yerington Paiute Tribe}, title = {Paiute-English English-Paiute Dictionary}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib5979, +@book{bib6003, author = {Polinskaja, Maria S.}, publisher = {s.n.}, title = {Jazyk Niue}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib5980, +@book{bib6004, author = {Polinskaya, Maria C.}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, title = {Jazyk Niuè}, year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib5981, +@incollection{bib6005, author = {Polinsky, Maria S.}, editor = {Xrakovski, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -53505,7 +53725,7 @@ @incollection{bib5981 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib5982, +@misc{bib6006, author = {Ponsonnet, Maïa}, local_ids = {24539}, title = {"A Culturally Informed Corpus of Dalabon: Descriptions of the Person as a Body and as Kin" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -53513,7 +53733,7 @@ @misc{bib5982 year = {2010} } -@article{bib5983, +@article{bib6007, author = {Ponsonnet, Maia}, editor = {Macintyre, Martha}, institution = {Australian Anthropological Society}, @@ -53525,21 +53745,21 @@ @article{bib5983 year = {2010} } -@book{bib5984, +@book{bib6008, author = {Pontious, David Henne}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Quiche-Español}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib5985, +@book{bib6009, author = {Pool, Peter A. S.}, publisher = {Cornish Language Board, the author}, title = {Cornish for beginners}, year = {1958} } -@book{bib5986, +@book{bib6010, author = {Poolaw, Rhiannon}, local_ids = {99382}, month = {August}, @@ -53549,7 +53769,7 @@ @book{bib5986 year = {2016} } -@incollection{bib5987, +@incollection{bib6011, author = {Popjes, Jack and Popjes, Jo}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrfey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian Languages 1}, @@ -53558,20 +53778,20 @@ @incollection{bib5987 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib5988, +@misc{bib6012, author = {Popky, Donna}, title = {Oro Win: A Descriptive and Comparative Outlook of an Endangered Language}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib5989, +@book{bib6013, author = {Popovich, Harold A. and Popovich, Frances B.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Lingusitics}, title = {Maxakalı - English dictionary. English-Maxakalı, glossary}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib5990, +@book{bib6014, author = {Popovich, Harold A. and Popovich, Frances B.}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, @@ -53579,7 +53799,7 @@ @book{bib5990 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib5991, +@incollection{bib6015, author = {Popovich, Harold}, editor = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, booktitle = {Pronominal Systems}, @@ -53588,7 +53808,7 @@ @incollection{bib5991 year = {1986} } -@book{bib5992, +@book{bib6016, author = {Poppe, Nicholas}, publisher = {Indiana University}, series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -53597,7 +53817,7 @@ @book{bib5992 year = {1960} } -@book{bib5993, +@book{bib6017, author = {Poppe, N. N.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -53605,7 +53825,7 @@ @book{bib5993 year = {1930} } -@article{bib5994, +@article{bib6018, author = {Pornsawan, Ploykaew}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {15-27}, @@ -53614,7 +53834,7 @@ @article{bib5994 year = {2001} } -@article{bib5995, +@article{bib6019, author = {Pornsawan, Ploykaew}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, local_ids = {99091}, @@ -53625,14 +53845,14 @@ @article{bib5995 year = {2005} } -@book{bib5996, +@book{bib6020, author = {Porru, V. R.}, publisher = {Liberia Editrice Dess}, title = {Saggio di grammatica sul dialetto sardo meridionale}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib5997, +@article{bib6021, author = {Porterie-Gutierrez, Liliane}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {156-191}, @@ -53641,7 +53861,7 @@ @article{bib5997 year = {1990} } -@book{bib5998, +@book{bib6022, author = {Poser, William J.}, address = {British Columbia, Canada}, publisher = {Yinka Dene Institute, Vanderhoof}, @@ -53651,7 +53871,7 @@ @book{bib5998 year = {2003} } -@book{bib5999, +@book{bib6023, author = {Posnansky, Arthur}, pages = {1-27}, publisher = {I Entrega La Paz}, @@ -53659,7 +53879,7 @@ @book{bib5999 year = {1915} } -@book{bib6000, +@book{bib6024, author = {Posnansky, Arthur}, pages = {235-300}, publisher = {Coni}, @@ -53667,7 +53887,7 @@ @book{bib6000 year = {1934} } -@misc{bib6001, +@misc{bib6025, author = {Post, Mark}, local_ids = {24544}, title = {"A documentation of the Upper Belt variety of Minyong (Adi), Arunachal Pradesh, North East India" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -53675,7 +53895,7 @@ @misc{bib6001 year = {2010} } -@phdthesis{bib6002, +@phdthesis{bib6026, author = {Post, Mark}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {9313}, @@ -53684,7 +53904,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib6002 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib6003, +@misc{bib6027, author = {Blench, Roger and Post, Mark}, local_ids = {98024}, title = {(De)classifying Arunchal Languages: Reconsidering the evidence}, @@ -53692,7 +53912,7 @@ @misc{bib6003 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6004, +@article{bib6028, author = {Post, Mark and Modi, Yankee}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, local_ids = {98095}, @@ -53705,7 +53925,7 @@ @article{bib6004 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib6005, +@misc{bib6029, author = {Post, Mark W.}, local_ids = {98351}, title = {The Tangam language of Kugɨŋ Təəraŋ}, @@ -53713,19 +53933,19 @@ @misc{bib6005 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6006, +@misc{bib6030, author = {Postal, Paul}, title = {Some Syntactic Rules in Mohawk}, year = {1963} } -@misc{bib6007, +@misc{bib6031, author = {Postigo, Adriana Viana}, title = {Fonologia da língua Guató}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib6008, +@book{bib6032, author = {Potter, Margaret; Philip Lambrecht; Laura Alemán; and Janzen, Correna}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99015}, @@ -53735,7 +53955,7 @@ @book{bib6008 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6009, +@article{bib6033, author = {Poudel, Kamal}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {68-76}, @@ -53744,7 +53964,7 @@ @article{bib6009 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6010, +@book{bib6034, author = {Powell, J. V.}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, series = {Working Papers in Linguistics, University of Hawaii}, @@ -53753,21 +53973,21 @@ @book{bib6010 year = {1975} } -@book{bib6011, +@book{bib6035, author = {Powell, J. V. and Fred Woodruff, Sr.}, publisher = {University of Idaho Press}, title = {Quileute Dictionary}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6012, +@book{bib6036, author = {Powell, John Wesley}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, title = {Seventh annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution}, year = {1891} } -@book{bib6013, +@book{bib6037, author = {Powlison, Paul S.}, pages = {771}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -53778,7 +53998,7 @@ @book{bib6013 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6014, +@incollection{bib6038, author = {Pozdnyakov, K. I.}, editor = {Brauner, Siegmund and Wolff, Ekkehard}, booktitle = {Progressive traditions in African and Oriental studies}, @@ -53787,7 +54007,7 @@ @incollection{bib6014 year = {1988} } -@book{bib6015, +@book{bib6039, author = {Prasad, Bal Ram}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -53797,20 +54017,20 @@ @book{bib6015 year = {1991} } -@book{bib6016, +@book{bib6040, author = {Prasse, K.-G.}, publisher = {Akademisk Forlag}, title = {Manuel de grammaire touarègue (tahaggart). Part 1-3: Phonétique, écriture, pronon}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib6017, +@misc{bib6041, author = {Praça, Wilkíria Neiva}, title = {Morfossintaxe da Língua Tapirapé (Família Tupí-Guaraní)}, year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6018, +@incollection{bib6042, author = {Premsrirat, Suwilai and Rojanakul, Nattamon}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, address = {Leiden}, @@ -53822,7 +54042,7 @@ @incollection{bib6018 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6019, +@book{bib6043, author = {Prentice, David J.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -53832,13 +54052,13 @@ @book{bib6019 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib6020, +@misc{bib6044, author = {Press, Margaret Lauritsen}, title = {A grammar of Chemehuevi}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib6021, +@book{bib6045, author = {Press, Ian}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -53847,7 +54067,7 @@ @book{bib6021 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6022, +@book{bib6046, author = {Press, Margaret L.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -53857,14 +54077,14 @@ @book{bib6022 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6023, +@book{bib6047, author = {Preuss, Konrad Theodor}, publisher = {Anthropos}, title = {Forschungsreise zu den Kágaba}, year = {1926} } -@article{bib6024, +@article{bib6048, author = {Preuss, Karl Theodor}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {314-404, 1040-1079, 459-480, 737-764, 125-154, 890-950, 77-119, 461-495, 881-928, 192-224, 386-418, 777-796}, @@ -53873,7 +54093,7 @@ @article{bib6024 year = {1919/1920, 1919/1920, 1921/1922, 1921/1922, 1923/1924, 1925, 1925, 1925, 1926, 1926, 1926} } -@incollection{bib6025, +@incollection{bib6049, author = {Price, Dorothy}, editor = {Clifton, John M.}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -53888,26 +54108,26 @@ @incollection{bib6025 year = {1987} } -@book{bib6026, +@book{bib6050, author = {Pride, Kitty}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Chatino Syntax}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib6027, +@misc{bib6051, author = {Priego Montfort de Mostaghimi, Maria Eugenia}, title = {Gramatica del Otomi (Hnyähnyu) del Mezquital, Mexico}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib6028, +@book{bib6052, author = {Priest, Perry and Priest, Anne}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, year = {1980} } -@article{bib6029, +@article{bib6053, author = {Priest, Perry N.}, journal = {Language Sciences}, pages = {17-20}, @@ -53916,7 +54136,7 @@ @article{bib6029 year = {1987} } -@article{bib6030, +@article{bib6054, author = {Priest, Perry N. and Priest, Anne M. and Grimes, Joseph E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {335-344}, @@ -53925,7 +54145,7 @@ @article{bib6030 year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib6031, +@incollection{bib6055, author = {Priest, Perry N. and Priest, Anne}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 1}, @@ -53934,7 +54154,7 @@ @incollection{bib6031 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib6032, +@incollection{bib6056, author = {Priest, Perry N. and Priest, Anne M.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian Grammars 2}, @@ -53943,7 +54163,7 @@ @incollection{bib6032 year = {1967} } -@book{bib6033, +@book{bib6057, author = {Priest, Perry N. and Priest, Anne}, pages = {42}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -53953,7 +54173,7 @@ @book{bib6033 year = {1980} } -@book{bib6034, +@book{bib6058, author = {Prins, Samantha Leigh}, local_ids = {99557}, publisher = {Missoula, Montana, USA}, @@ -53963,7 +54183,7 @@ @book{bib6034 year = {2019} } -@article{bib6035, +@article{bib6059, author = {Prins, A. H. J.}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {25-27}, @@ -53972,7 +54192,7 @@ @article{bib6035 year = {1960} } -@book{bib6036, +@book{bib6060, author = {Project, The Chinuk Wawa Dictionary}, local_ids = {92640}, publisher = {University of Washington Press}, @@ -53980,7 +54200,7 @@ @book{bib6036 year = {2012} } -@book{bib6037, +@book{bib6061, author = {Project, The Limu}, local_ids = {98821}, publisher = {Banning}, @@ -53988,14 +54208,14 @@ @book{bib6037 url = {http://www.limuproject.org/language/cupeno} } -@book{bib6038, +@book{bib6062, author = {Project, The Hopi Dictionary}, publisher = {The University of Arizona Press}, title = {Hopi Dictionary}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib6039, +@book{bib6063, author = {Project, The Limu}, local_ids = {98822}, publisher = {Banning}, @@ -54003,7 +54223,7 @@ @book{bib6039 url = {http://www.limuproject.org/language/serrano} } -@incollection{bib6040, +@incollection{bib6064, author = {Prokhorov, Kirill}, editor = {Kramer, Raija and Tröbs, Holger and Kastenholz, Raimund}, address = {Köln}, @@ -54015,7 +54235,7 @@ @incollection{bib6040 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6041, +@incollection{bib6065, author = {Prost, Gilbert R.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 2}, @@ -54024,7 +54244,7 @@ @incollection{bib6041 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib6042, +@incollection{bib6066, author = {Prost, Gilbert R.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian Grammars 1}, @@ -54033,7 +54253,7 @@ @incollection{bib6042 year = {1967} } -@book{bib6043, +@book{bib6067, author = {Prost, A.}, address = {Dakar}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -54044,7 +54264,7 @@ @book{bib6043 year = {1968} } -@article{bib6044, +@article{bib6068, author = {Prost, A.}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire: Série B, Sciences Humaines}, number = {2}, @@ -54054,7 +54274,7 @@ @article{bib6044 year = {1973} } -@article{bib6045, +@article{bib6069, author = {Prost, A.}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire: Série B, Sciences Humaines}, number = {3}, @@ -54064,7 +54284,7 @@ @article{bib6045 year = {1974} } -@article{bib6046, +@article{bib6070, author = {Melançon, L. and Coutu, E. and Prost, A.}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire: Série B, Sciences Humaines}, number = {2}, @@ -54074,7 +54294,7 @@ @article{bib6046 year = {1974} } -@article{bib6047, +@article{bib6071, author = {Prost, A.}, journal = {Annales de l'Université d'Abidjan Série H. Linguistique}, number = {1}, @@ -54084,7 +54304,7 @@ @article{bib6047 year = {1974} } -@article{bib6048, +@article{bib6072, author = {Prost, Gilbert R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -54094,7 +54314,7 @@ @article{bib6048 year = {1962} } -@article{bib6049, +@article{bib6073, author = {Prost, Gilbert R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -54104,7 +54324,7 @@ @article{bib6049 year = {1962} } -@article{bib6050, +@article{bib6074, author = {Proulx, P.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -54114,7 +54334,7 @@ @article{bib6050 year = {1984} } -@article{bib6051, +@article{bib6075, author = {Pryor, Bonita and Farr, Cynthia J.}, journal = {Language and Linguistics in Melanesia}, local_ids = {99014}, @@ -54124,7 +54344,7 @@ @article{bib6051 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib6052, +@incollection{bib6076, author = {Pryor, David and Clifton, John M.}, editor = {Clifton, John M.}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -54136,7 +54356,7 @@ @incollection{bib6052 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib6053, +@misc{bib6077, author = {Pucilowski, Anna}, local_ids = {99573}, school = {University of Oregon}, @@ -54145,27 +54365,27 @@ @misc{bib6053 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6054, +@misc{bib6078, author = {Puig, Manuel Maria P.}, title = {Diccionario de la Lengua Caribe Cuna}, year = {1944} } -@book{bib6055, +@book{bib6079, author = {Pukui, Mary Kawena and Elbert, Samuel H.}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Hawaiian Dictionary}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib6056, +@book{bib6080, author = {Pukui, Mary Kawena and Elbert, Samuel H.}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Hawaiian-English Dictionary}, year = {1965} } -@article{bib6057, +@article{bib6081, author = {Derbyshire, D. C. and Pullum, G. K.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -54175,21 +54395,21 @@ @article{bib6057 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6058, +@book{bib6082, author = {Pulu, Jimi}, publisher = {Dept. of Cultural Affairs, Directorate of Research, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {A hand book on Idu Mishmi language}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib6059, +@book{bib6083, author = {Pulu, Jatan}, publisher = {Directorate of Information and Public Relations, Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {Idu Phrase Book}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib6060, +@book{bib6084, author = {Puura, Ulriikka}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, institution = {ELDIA}, @@ -54202,7 +54422,7 @@ @book{bib6060 year = {2012} } -@article{bib6061, +@article{bib6085, author = {Puxon, Peter}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -54217,19 +54437,19 @@ @article{bib6061 year = {2019} } -@misc{bib6062, +@misc{bib6086, author = {Pádua, Alexandre Jorge}, title = {Contribuição para a fonologia da língua Apiaká (Tupí-Guarani)}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib6063, +@misc{bib6087, author = {Pätzold, Klaus}, title = {Die Palau-Sprache und ihre stellung zu anderen indonesisischen Sprachen}, year = {1968} } -@article{bib6064, +@article{bib6088, author = {Pérez, María Stella González de}, journal = {Revista de Lenguas Indígenas y Universos Culturales}, local_ids = {98303}, @@ -54240,7 +54460,7 @@ @article{bib6064 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6065, +@book{bib6089, author = {Pérez Martínez, Vitalino}, pages = {160p.}, publisher = {Proyecto Linuistico Francisco Marroquin}, @@ -54248,7 +54468,7 @@ @book{bib6065 year = {1994} } -@book{bib6066, +@book{bib6090, author = {Pérez Tejedor, Juana Pabla}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Universidad de los Andes}, @@ -54258,7 +54478,7 @@ @book{bib6066 year = {2004} } -@article{bib6067, +@article{bib6091, author = {Pöch, Rudolf}, journal = {Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten}, pages = {223-231}, @@ -54267,7 +54487,7 @@ @article{bib6067 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib6068, +@incollection{bib6092, author = {Pürbeev, G. T.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -54276,14 +54496,14 @@ @incollection{bib6068 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib6069, +@misc{bib6093, author = {Qiu, Peng}, title = {A Preliminary Investigation of Yilan Creole in Taiwan: Discussing predicate position in Yilan Creole}, url = {https://era.library.ualberta.ca/downloads/02870z43h}, year = {2015} } -@article{bib6070, +@article{bib6094, author = {Quain, Buell}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -54293,7 +54513,7 @@ @article{bib6070 year = {1952} } -@incollection{bib6071, +@incollection{bib6095, author = {Queixalós, F.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -54302,7 +54522,7 @@ @incollection{bib6071 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6072, +@book{bib6096, author = {Queixalós, Francisco}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Peeters}, @@ -54312,7 +54532,7 @@ @book{bib6072 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6073, +@book{bib6097, author = {Queixalós, Francisco}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Peeters}, @@ -54322,14 +54542,14 @@ @book{bib6073 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6074, +@book{bib6098, author = {Queixalós, Francisco}, publisher = {Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France}, title = {Syntaxe sikuani (Columbie)}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib6075, +@book{bib6099, author = {Quesada, J. Diego}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -54339,7 +54559,7 @@ @book{bib6075 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6076, +@incollection{bib6100, author = {Quesada, Félix}, address = {Lima}, booktitle = {Gramática quechua, Cajamarca-Cañaris}, @@ -54349,7 +54569,7 @@ @incollection{bib6076 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib6077, +@incollection{bib6101, author = {Adelaar, William and Quesada, J. Diego}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {London and New York}, @@ -54361,7 +54581,7 @@ @incollection{bib6077 year = {2007} } -@article{bib6078, +@article{bib6102, author = {Quesada, Diego J.}, journal = {Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung}, number = {4}, @@ -54371,14 +54591,14 @@ @article{bib6078 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6079, +@book{bib6103, author = {Quesada C., Felix}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación}, title = {Diccionario Quechua: Cajamarca-Cañaris}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6080, +@book{bib6104, author = {Quevedo, S. A. Lafone}, address = {La Plata}, publisher = {Museo de la Plata}, @@ -54387,7 +54607,7 @@ @book{bib6080 year = {1893} } -@article{bib6081, +@article{bib6105, author = {Quevedo, Samuel A. Lafone}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto Geográfico Argentino}, pages = {37-124}, @@ -54396,7 +54616,7 @@ @article{bib6081 year = {1895} } -@book{bib6082, +@book{bib6106, author = {Quevedo, S. A. Lafone}, address = {La Plata}, publisher = {Museo de la Plata}, @@ -54406,7 +54626,7 @@ @book{bib6082 year = {1893} } -@book{bib6083, +@book{bib6107, author = {Quick, Phil}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -54419,7 +54639,7 @@ @book{bib6083 year = {2007} } -@book{bib6084, +@book{bib6108, author = {Quijano Otero, J. M.}, pages = {297-309}, publisher = {Fortanet}, @@ -54427,19 +54647,19 @@ @book{bib6084 year = {1882} } -@misc{bib6085, +@misc{bib6109, author = {Quintero, C. F.}, title = {Osage Phonology and Verbal Morphology}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib6086, +@misc{bib6110, author = {Quintino, Wellington Pedrosa}, title = {Aspectos da fonología da Xavante}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6087, +@incollection{bib6111, author = {Purba, Theodorus T. and R., Yulini}, editor = {Flassy, Don A.L. and Nekitel, Otto I.M.S.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of an international conference on New Guinea languages and linguistics}, @@ -54448,20 +54668,20 @@ @incollection{bib6087 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6088, +@misc{bib6112, author = {Radhakrishnan, R.}, title = {A Preliminary Descriptive Analysis of Nancowry}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib6089, +@book{bib6113, author = {Radhakrishnan, R.}, publisher = {Linguistic Research}, title = {The Nancowry Word. Phonology, Affixal Morphology, and Roots of a Nicobarese Language}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib6090, +@book{bib6114, author = {Radin, Paul}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {1-194}, @@ -54472,7 +54692,7 @@ @book{bib6090 year = {1929} } -@article{bib6091, +@article{bib6115, author = {Ragagnin, Elisabetta}, journal = {Turkic Languages}, pages = {225-245}, @@ -54481,7 +54701,7 @@ @article{bib6091 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6092, +@book{bib6116, author = {Ragagnin, Elisabetta}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-447-05907-7}, @@ -54492,7 +54712,7 @@ @book{bib6092 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6093, +@book{bib6117, author = {Kamioka, Koji and Hamidi, Ali A and Rahbar, Ataollah}, publisher = {Insitute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa}, series = {Lārestānī studies}, @@ -54500,7 +54720,7 @@ @book{bib6093 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6094, +@incollection{bib6118, author = {Rahman, Tariq}, editor = {Saxena, Anju and Borin, Lars}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -54512,13 +54732,13 @@ @incollection{bib6094 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6095, +@misc{bib6119, author = {Rai, Novel Kishore}, title = {A descriptive study of Bantawa}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib6096, +@article{bib6120, author = {Rai, Vishnu S}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, @@ -54530,7 +54750,7 @@ @article{bib6096 year = {2012} } -@article{bib6097, +@article{bib6121, author = {Rai, Purna Prasad}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98269}, @@ -54541,7 +54761,7 @@ @article{bib6097 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6098, +@article{bib6122, author = {Rai, Ichchha Purna}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98278}, @@ -54552,7 +54772,7 @@ @article{bib6098 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6099, +@book{bib6123, author = {Rai and S., V. and Rai, S. P. and Sharma, N. P. Gautam and Rai, A. and Cintan, G.P. and Günther, S. and Schackow, D. and Gaenszle, M. and Pettigrew, J. and and Bickel, B.}, address = {Lalitpur}, publisher = {Kirāt Pumā Rāī Tupkhābāṅkhālā}, @@ -54560,13 +54780,13 @@ @book{bib6099 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6100, +@misc{bib6124, author = {Rai, Purna Prasad}, title = {Sketch grammar of Raji}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib6101, +@article{bib6125, author = {Raimondy, Antonio}, journal = {Anthropological Review}, pages = {35-43}, @@ -54575,14 +54795,14 @@ @article{bib6101 year = {1863} } -@book{bib6102, +@book{bib6126, author = {Raimy, Eric}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {The phonology and morphology of reduplication}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib6103, +@article{bib6127, author = {Raja Ram, M. G.}, journal = {Bulletin of the anthropological survey of India}, pages = {74-80}, @@ -54591,7 +54811,7 @@ @article{bib6103 year = {1960} } -@article{bib6104, +@article{bib6128, author = {Raja’i Zefra’i, Mohammad-Hasan and Borjian, Habib}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {96061}, @@ -54600,7 +54820,7 @@ @article{bib6104 year = {2013} } -@article{bib6105, +@article{bib6129, author = {Rajyashree, K.S.}, journal = {Language in India}, local_ids = {98071}, @@ -54612,28 +54832,28 @@ @article{bib6105 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6106, +@book{bib6130, author = {Ramamurti, Rao Sahib G. V.}, publisher = {The Superintendent, Government Press}, title = {A Manual of the So:ra: (or Savara) Language}, year = {1931} } -@book{bib6107, +@book{bib6131, author = {Ramamurti, G. V.}, publisher = {Madras}, title = {English-Sora Dictionary}, year = {1933} } -@book{bib6108, +@book{bib6132, author = {Ramamurti, G. V.}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, title = {Sora-English Dictionary}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib6109, +@book{bib6133, author = {Ramaswami, N.}, address = {Mysore}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -54646,7 +54866,7 @@ @book{bib6109 year = {1982} } -@book{bib6110, +@book{bib6134, author = {Ramirez, Henri}, address = {Manaus}, publisher = {Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia, CEDEM}, @@ -54654,7 +54874,7 @@ @book{bib6110 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6111, +@book{bib6135, author = {Ramirez, H.}, address = {Brasil}, publisher = {Diocese do Roraima, Boa Vista}, @@ -54662,13 +54882,13 @@ @book{bib6111 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib6112, +@misc{bib6136, author = {Ramirez, H.}, title = {Le Parler Yanomam-i des Xamatauteri}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib6113, +@book{bib6137, author = {Ramirez, H.}, address = {Manaus}, pages = {745}, @@ -54677,27 +54897,27 @@ @book{bib6113 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6114, +@book{bib6138, author = {Ramirez, H.}, publisher = {Universidade Federal do Amazonas}, title = {Uma gramática do Baniwa do Içana}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib6115, +@misc{bib6139, author = {Ramos, Alcida Rita}, title = {The Social System of the Sanuma of Northern Brazil}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib6116, +@book{bib6140, author = {Ramstedt, G. J.}, publisher = {Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura}, title = {Kalmückisches Wörterbuch}, year = {1935} } -@incollection{bib6117, +@incollection{bib6141, author = {Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -54706,7 +54926,7 @@ @incollection{bib6117 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6118, +@book{bib6142, author = {Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, publisher = {Tercer Mundo Editores}, @@ -54715,7 +54935,7 @@ @book{bib6118 year = {1996} } -@article{bib6119, +@article{bib6143, author = {Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada}, journal = {Revista de UniverSOS (Lenguas Indígenas y Universos Culturales)}, local_ids = {98408}, @@ -54726,7 +54946,7 @@ @article{bib6119 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6120, +@incollection{bib6144, author = {Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -54738,7 +54958,7 @@ @incollection{bib6120 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6121, +@article{bib6145, author = {Ramírez, José F.}, journal = {Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Geografía y Estadística de la República Mexicana}, number = {1}, @@ -54748,7 +54968,7 @@ @article{bib6121 year = {1861} } -@book{bib6122, +@book{bib6146, author = {Ramírez, Hortensia Estrada}, address = {Revista lenguas en contacto y bilingüismo}, pages = {11-55}, @@ -54757,20 +54977,20 @@ @book{bib6122 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6123, +@misc{bib6147, author = {Rana, B. K.}, title = {New Materials on the Kusunda Language}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib6124, +@book{bib6148, author = {Ranby, Peter}, publisher = {The Australian National University}, title = {A Nanumea Lexicon}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib6125, +@book{bib6149, author = {Rand, Silas Tertius}, address = {Halifax}, publisher = {Nova Scotia Printing Company}, @@ -54778,7 +54998,7 @@ @book{bib6125 year = {1875} } -@article{bib6126, +@article{bib6150, author = {Rand, Earl}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {94-103}, @@ -54787,7 +55007,7 @@ @article{bib6126 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib6127, +@incollection{bib6151, author = {Randall, Scott}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -54800,13 +55020,13 @@ @incollection{bib6127 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib6128, +@misc{bib6152, author = {Randoja, Tiina}, title = {The Phonology and Morphology of Halfway River Beaver}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib6129, +@book{bib6153, author = {Rangan, K.}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -54816,7 +55036,7 @@ @book{bib6129 year = {1979} } -@article{bib6130, +@article{bib6154, author = {Rangel, Jhonnatan}, journal = {Language Documentation and Description. Proceedings of the FEL24: Teaching and Learning Resources for Endangered Languages}, local_ids = {99696}, @@ -54824,13 +55044,13 @@ @article{bib6130 year = {In press} } -@misc{bib6131, +@misc{bib6155, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir}, title = {Community initiatives for literacy material design as a function of institutional support for vernacular education: Experiences from Ahamb (Vanuatu)}, year = {2020} } -@misc{bib6132, +@misc{bib6156, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir}, institution = {Endangered Languages Archive}, local_ids = {99516}, @@ -54840,13 +55060,13 @@ @misc{bib6132 year = {2017} } -@misc{bib6133, +@misc{bib6157, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir}, title = {The bilabial trills of Ahamb (South Malekula)}, year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib6134, +@incollection{bib6158, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir}, editor = {Calhoun, Sasha and Escudero, Paola and Tabain, Marija and Warren, Paul}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, @@ -54854,7 +55074,7 @@ @incollection{bib6134 year = {2019} } -@article{bib6135, +@article{bib6159, author = {Rankin, Robert L.}, journal = {Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -54864,7 +55084,7 @@ @article{bib6135 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib6136, +@incollection{bib6160, author = {Rankin, Robert L.}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -54875,7 +55095,7 @@ @incollection{bib6136 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib6137, +@incollection{bib6161, author = {Rankin, R. L.}, editor = {Shipley, William}, booktitle = {In Honor of Mary Haas: From the Haas Festival Conference on Native American Linguistics}, @@ -54884,13 +55104,13 @@ @incollection{bib6137 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib6138, +@misc{bib6162, author = {Rapacha, Lal B.}, title = {A descriptive grammar of Kirānti-Kõits}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib6139, +@misc{bib6163, author = {Rapacha, Lal-Shyakarelu}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {98144}, @@ -54899,13 +55119,13 @@ @misc{bib6139 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6140, +@misc{bib6164, author = {Rasch, Jeffrey Walter}, title = {The basic morpho-syntax of Yaitepec Chatino}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib6141, +@article{bib6165, author = {Rascher, Matthäus}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, number = {1}, @@ -54915,7 +55135,7 @@ @article{bib6141 year = {1904} } -@article{bib6142, +@article{bib6166, author = {Rasmussen, Torkel and Shaun Nolan, John}, journal = {Linguistic Minorities in Europe Online. De Gruyter Mouton}, local_ids = {99656}, @@ -54926,14 +55146,14 @@ @article{bib6142 year = {2020} } -@book{bib6143, +@book{bib6167, author = {Rassadin, V. I.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Morfologija tofalarskogo jazyka v sravnitel'nom osveshchenii}, year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib6144, +@incollection{bib6168, author = {Rassadin, V. I.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -54942,7 +55162,7 @@ @incollection{bib6144 year = {1997} } -@article{bib6145, +@article{bib6169, author = {Rastogi, Kavita and Fortier, Jana}, journal = {Indian Linguistics}, pages = {105-115}, @@ -54951,7 +55171,7 @@ @article{bib6145 year = {2005} } -@article{bib6146, +@article{bib6170, author = {Rastogi, Kavita}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99688}, @@ -54962,7 +55182,7 @@ @article{bib6146 year = {2018} } -@article{bib6147, +@article{bib6171, author = {Rastogi and Shukla, Kavita; and Singh, Sumedha; and Kumar, Ajay}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99690}, @@ -54973,7 +55193,7 @@ @article{bib6147 year = {2017} } -@book{bib6148, +@book{bib6172, author = {Rath, John C.}, address = {Ottawa}, publisher = {National Museums of Canada}, @@ -54983,7 +55203,7 @@ @book{bib6148 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib6149, +@incollection{bib6173, author = {Braem, Penny Boyes and Rathmann, Christian}, editor = {Brentari, Diane}, booktitle = {Cambridge Language Surveys: Sign Languages}, @@ -54994,7 +55214,7 @@ @incollection{bib6149 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6150, +@incollection{bib6174, author = {Rau, D. Victoria and Yang, Meng-Chien}, editor = {Rau, D. Victoria and Florey, Margaret}, address = {Honolulu}, @@ -55008,7 +55228,7 @@ @incollection{bib6150 year = {2007} } -@book{bib6151, +@book{bib6175, author = {Rau and Victoria, D. and Yang, Meng-Chien and and Dong, Maa-Neu}, pages = {53-76}, publisher = {Journal of National Council of Less Commonly Taught Languages (NCOLCTL).}, @@ -55016,7 +55236,7 @@ @book{bib6151 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6152, +@incollection{bib6176, author = {Anderson, Gregory D. S. and Rau, Felix}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -55025,21 +55245,21 @@ @incollection{bib6152 year = {2008} } -@book{bib6153, +@book{bib6177, author = {Rau and Victoria, D. and Dong, Maa-Neu and and with Daniel E. Rau, Ann Hui-Huan Chang and Rau, Gerald A.}, publisher = {National Taiwan University Press}, title = {Yami (Tao) Dictionary (達悟語詞典)}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib6154, +@book{bib6178, author = {Rau, D. Victoria and Dong, Maa-Neu}, publisher = {Academia Sinica}, title = {Yami Texts with Reference Grammar and Vocabulary}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib6155, +@book{bib6179, author = {Raun, A.}, publisher = {Bell and Howell}, series = {Research and Studies in Uralic and Altaic Languages}, @@ -55048,7 +55268,7 @@ @book{bib6155 year = {1964} } -@book{bib6156, +@book{bib6180, author = {Raun, A.}, publisher = {Bell and Howell}, series = {Research and Studies in Uralic and Altaic Languages}, @@ -55057,7 +55277,7 @@ @book{bib6156 year = {1964} } -@article{bib6157, +@article{bib6181, author = {Ravindranath, Maya}, journal = {Working Papers in Educational Linguistics (WPEL)}, local_ids = {94600}, @@ -55070,7 +55290,7 @@ @article{bib6157 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib6158, +@incollection{bib6182, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55081,7 +55301,7 @@ @incollection{bib6158 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib6159, +@incollection{bib6183, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55092,7 +55312,7 @@ @incollection{bib6159 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib6160, +@incollection{bib6184, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55103,7 +55323,7 @@ @incollection{bib6160 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib6161, +@incollection{bib6185, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55114,7 +55334,7 @@ @incollection{bib6161 year = {1907} } -@incollection{bib6162, +@incollection{bib6186, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55125,7 +55345,7 @@ @incollection{bib6162 year = {1907} } -@article{bib6163, +@article{bib6187, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, journal = {Man}, number = {42}, @@ -55135,7 +55355,7 @@ @article{bib6163 year = {1902} } -@article{bib6164, +@article{bib6188, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {295-304}, @@ -55144,7 +55364,7 @@ @article{bib6164 year = {1889} } -@incollection{bib6165, +@incollection{bib6189, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, editor = {Ray, Sidney H.}, booktitle = {Linguistics Reports of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits}, @@ -55155,7 +55375,7 @@ @incollection{bib6165 year = {1907} } -@article{bib6166, +@article{bib6190, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {317-341}, @@ -55164,7 +55384,7 @@ @article{bib6166 year = {1919} } -@article{bib6167, +@article{bib6191, author = {Ray, Sidney H.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {137-141}, @@ -55173,7 +55393,7 @@ @article{bib6167 year = {1909} } -@incollection{bib6168, +@incollection{bib6192, author = {Raz, Shlomo}, editor = {Hetzron, Robert}, address = {London}, @@ -55187,7 +55407,7 @@ @incollection{bib6168 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6169, +@book{bib6193, author = {Read, A. F. C.}, address = {London}, publisher = {The Royal Asiatic Society}, @@ -55197,7 +55417,7 @@ @book{bib6169 year = {1934} } -@incollection{bib6170, +@incollection{bib6194, author = {Read, Zachary}, booktitle = {A Guide to Okinawan}, local_ids = {94002}, @@ -55207,7 +55427,7 @@ @incollection{bib6170 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6171, +@incollection{bib6195, author = {Reche, O.}, address = {Hamburg}, booktitle = {Zur ethnographie des abflusslosen gebietes Deutsch-ostafrikas Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstituts}, @@ -55218,7 +55438,7 @@ @incollection{bib6171 year = {1914} } -@misc{bib6172, +@misc{bib6196, author = {Rechebei, Elizabeth}, local_ids = {2287}, title = {"Collaborative Research: Chamorro (SIL code: CHA)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -55226,7 +55446,7 @@ @misc{bib6172 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6173, +@article{bib6197, author = {Redden, James E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-16, 141-163}, @@ -55235,7 +55455,7 @@ @article{bib6173 year = {1966} } -@article{bib6174, +@article{bib6198, author = {Redden, James E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -55245,7 +55465,7 @@ @article{bib6174 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib6175, +@incollection{bib6199, author = {Redden, James}, editor = {Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {Hokan Studies: Papers from the First Conference on Hokan Language}, @@ -55254,7 +55474,7 @@ @incollection{bib6175 year = {1976} } -@article{bib6176, +@article{bib6200, author = {Reddy, B. Ramakrishna}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99692}, @@ -55265,7 +55485,7 @@ @article{bib6176 year = {2016} } -@book{bib6177, +@book{bib6201, author = {Reddy, Joy}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -55275,21 +55495,21 @@ @book{bib6177 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6178, +@book{bib6202, author = {Reddy, B. Ramakrishna}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, title = {Manda-English Dictionary}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib6179, +@book{bib6203, author = {Reddy, B. Ramakrishna}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, title = {Manda Oral Literature}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib6180, +@article{bib6204, author = {Redinha, José}, journal = {Luanda: C}, title = {Distribuição Étnica de Angola}, @@ -55297,21 +55517,21 @@ @article{bib6180 year = {1962} } -@book{bib6181, +@book{bib6205, author = {Reece, Laurie}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, title = {Dictionary of the Wailbri (Walpiri) Language of Central Austraila. Volume 1: Wailbri-English}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib6182, +@book{bib6206, author = {Reece, Laurie}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, title = {Dictionary of the Wailbri (Warlpiri, Walpiri), Language of Central Austraila. Volume 2: English-Wailbri}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib6183, +@book{bib6207, author = {Reece, Laurie}, publisher = {University of Sydney, Australia}, series = {Oceania Linguistic Monographs}, @@ -55320,13 +55540,13 @@ @book{bib6183 year = {1970} } -@misc{bib6184, +@misc{bib6208, author = {Reeck, Roger}, title = {A Trilingual Dictionary in Zapotec, English and Spanish}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib6185, +@incollection{bib6209, author = {Reed, Judy and Payne, David L.}, editor = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, booktitle = {Pronominal Systems}, @@ -55335,13 +55555,13 @@ @incollection{bib6185 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib6186, +@misc{bib6210, author = {Reed Jr., George}, title = {Dictionary of the Crow Language}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib6187, +@book{bib6211, author = {Huber, R. Q. and Reed, R. B.}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá}, publisher = {ILV}, @@ -55349,14 +55569,14 @@ @book{bib6187 year = {1992} } -@book{bib6188, +@book{bib6212, author = {Reed, Irene and Miyaoka, Osahito and Jacobson, Steven and Afcan, Paschal and Krauss, Michael}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska.}, title = {Yup'ik Eskimo Grammar}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib6189, +@book{bib6213, author = {Rees, Margo}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, local_ids = {93480}, @@ -55365,7 +55585,7 @@ @book{bib6189 year = {2008} } -@book{bib6190, +@book{bib6214, author = {Reesink, G. P.}, address = {Canberra Australia}, local_ids = {94660}, @@ -55376,7 +55596,7 @@ @book{bib6190 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib6191, +@incollection{bib6215, author = {Reesink, Ger}, editor = {Baak, C. and Bakker, M. and Meij, D. van der}, booktitle = {Tales from a concave world: Liber amicorum Bert Voorhoeve}, @@ -55385,7 +55605,7 @@ @incollection{bib6191 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6192, +@incollection{bib6216, author = {Reesink, Ger P.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 19 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -55396,7 +55616,7 @@ @incollection{bib6192 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib6193, +@incollection{bib6217, author = {Reesink, Ger P.}, editor = {Reesink, Ger P.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -55408,7 +55628,7 @@ @incollection{bib6193 year = {2002} } -@article{bib6194, +@article{bib6218, author = {Reesink, Ger}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -55417,13 +55637,13 @@ @article{bib6194 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib6195, +@misc{bib6219, author = {Reesink, Ger P.}, title = {The "death" of Borai and the "life" of Hatam}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib6196, +@book{bib6220, author = {Refsing, Kirsten}, address = {Aarhus}, publisher = {Aarhus University Press}, @@ -55431,7 +55651,7 @@ @book{bib6196 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6197, +@book{bib6221, author = {Regan, J.}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {CAAAP}, @@ -55439,7 +55659,7 @@ @book{bib6197 year = {1991} } -@book{bib6198, +@book{bib6222, author = {Regmi, Ambika}, address = {München}, isbn = {9783862884933}, @@ -55451,7 +55671,7 @@ @book{bib6198 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib6199, +@incollection{bib6223, author = {Regni Cassinis, G.}, editor = {Cerulli, Ernesta and Ragione, Gilda Della}, address = {Genoa}, @@ -55463,7 +55683,7 @@ @incollection{bib6199 year = {1975} } -@article{bib6200, +@article{bib6224, author = {Reh, Mechthild}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {197-261}, @@ -55472,7 +55692,7 @@ @article{bib6200 year = {1994} } -@book{bib6201, +@book{bib6225, author = {Reh, Mechthild}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer}, @@ -55482,14 +55702,14 @@ @book{bib6201 year = {1985} } -@book{bib6202, +@book{bib6226, author = {Reh, Mechthild}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer Verlag}, title = {Die Krongo-Sprache (N`ıinò Mó-D`ı)}, year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib6203, +@incollection{bib6227, author = {Reichard, G. A.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian languages 3}, @@ -55498,7 +55718,7 @@ @incollection{bib6203 year = {1933} } -@book{bib6204, +@book{bib6228, author = {Reichard, Gladys A.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {J. J. Augustin Publisher}, @@ -55508,7 +55728,7 @@ @book{bib6204 year = {1951} } -@book{bib6205, +@book{bib6229, author = {Reichard, Gladys Amanda}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {1-215}, @@ -55519,7 +55739,7 @@ @book{bib6205 year = {1925} } -@article{bib6206, +@article{bib6230, author = {Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gérard}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {15-50}, @@ -55528,7 +55748,7 @@ @article{bib6206 year = {1947} } -@book{bib6207, +@book{bib6231, author = {Reichle, Verena}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, @@ -55538,7 +55758,7 @@ @book{bib6207 year = {1981} } -@article{bib6208, +@article{bib6232, author = {Reid, Lawrence A.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -55548,7 +55768,7 @@ @article{bib6208 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib6209, +@incollection{bib6233, author = {Reid, Nicholas}, editor = {Harvey, Mark and Reid, Nicholas}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -55560,14 +55780,14 @@ @incollection{bib6209 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6210, +@book{bib6234, author = {Reid, Aileen A. and Bishop, Ruth G.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Diccionario totonaco de Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla}, year = {1974} } -@misc{bib6211, +@misc{bib6235, author = {Reid, Tatiana}, local_ids = {24626}, title = {Documentation and description of Thok Reel – a fieldwork trip to Southern Sudan" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -55575,20 +55795,20 @@ @misc{bib6211 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6212, +@book{bib6236, author = {Reid, Aileen}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Gramática totonaca de Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib6213, +@misc{bib6237, author = {Reid, Nicholas J.}, title = {Ngan'gityemerri: A Language of the Daly River Region, Northern territory of Australia}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib6214, +@book{bib6238, author = {Reid, Nicholas}, address = {Munich}, isbn = {9783862881000}, @@ -55600,7 +55820,7 @@ @book{bib6214 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6215, +@incollection{bib6239, author = {Reid, Julie}, editor = {Hobson, John; Kevin Lowe; Susan Poetsch; and Walsh, Michael}, booktitle = {Re-awakening languages: theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia’s Indigenous languages}, @@ -55612,14 +55832,14 @@ @incollection{bib6215 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6216, +@book{bib6240, author = {Reid, Aileen A. and Bishop, Ruth G. and Button, Ella M. and Longacre, Robert E.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Totonac: From Clause to Discourse}, year = {1968} } -@article{bib6217, +@article{bib6241, author = {Reimer, Martha}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No.~25 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -55631,7 +55851,7 @@ @article{bib6217 year = {1986} } -@article{bib6218, +@article{bib6242, author = {Rivet, Paul and Reinburg, P.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {91-118}, @@ -55640,7 +55860,7 @@ @article{bib6218 year = {1921} } -@article{bib6219, +@article{bib6243, author = {Reinhard, J.}, journal = {Objets et Mondes}, pages = {89-106}, @@ -55649,7 +55869,7 @@ @article{bib6219 year = {1969} } -@book{bib6220, +@book{bib6244, author = {Reinhard, Johan and Toba, Sueyoshi}, address = {Kathmandu}, pages = {31}, @@ -55658,7 +55878,7 @@ @book{bib6220 year = {1970} } -@article{bib6221, +@article{bib6245, author = {Reinhard, Johan}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {33-34}, @@ -55667,7 +55887,7 @@ @article{bib6221 year = {1969} } -@article{bib6222, +@article{bib6246, author = {Reinhard, Johan}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {95-110}, @@ -55676,7 +55896,7 @@ @article{bib6222 year = {1968} } -@article{bib6223, +@article{bib6247, author = {Reinhard, J.}, journal = {Kailash -- A Journal of Himalayan Studies}, pages = {233-271}, @@ -55685,13 +55905,13 @@ @article{bib6223 year = {1974} } -@misc{bib6224, +@misc{bib6248, author = {Reinig, Jessika}, title = {Der Verbalcomplex im Teop}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib6225, +@book{bib6249, author = {Reinisch, Leo}, address = {Wien}, pages = {583-718}, @@ -55702,14 +55922,14 @@ @book{bib6225 year = {1882} } -@book{bib6226, +@book{bib6250, author = {Reinoso Galindo, Andrés Eduardo}, publisher = {Ministerio de Cultura}, title = {Elementos para una gramática de la lengua piapoco}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib6227, +@article{bib6251, author = {Remedi, Joaquın}, journal = {Boletın del Instituto Geográfico Argentino}, pages = {331-362}, @@ -55718,13 +55938,13 @@ @article{bib6227 year = {1896} } -@misc{bib6228, +@misc{bib6252, author = {Renault-Lescure, O.}, title = {Evolution Lexicale du Galibi: Langue Caribe du Guyane Française}, year = {1981} } -@misc{bib6229, +@misc{bib6253, author = {Rendina, Sophie}, local_ids = {24621}, title = {"Documentation and Description of Numèè, an endangered language of Southernmost New Caledonia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -55732,7 +55952,7 @@ @misc{bib6229 year = {2007} } -@article{bib6230, +@article{bib6254, author = {Sayers, Dave and Renkó-Michelsén, Zsuzsanna}, journal = {Sociolinguistica}, local_ids = {99312}, @@ -55743,7 +55963,7 @@ @article{bib6230 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib6231, +@incollection{bib6255, author = {Dürr, Michael and Renner, Egon}, editor = {Dürr, Michael and Renner, Egon and Oleschinski, Wolfgang}, address = {München}, @@ -55755,7 +55975,7 @@ @incollection{bib6231 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6232, +@incollection{bib6256, author = {Rensch, Calvin R.}, editor = {Oltrogge, David and Rensch, Calvin R.}, booktitle = {Two studies in Middle American and comparative linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -55766,14 +55986,14 @@ @incollection{bib6232 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib6233, +@misc{bib6257, author = {Rensch, Calvin R}, title = {Melanau and the Languages of Central Sarawak}, url = {http://www.sil.org/resources/publications/entry/47763}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib6234, +@incollection{bib6258, author = {Rensch, Calvin R.}, editor = {Rensch, Calvin R. and Decker, Sandra J. and Hallberg, Daniel G.}, booktitle = {Languages of Kohistan Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan}, @@ -55784,14 +56004,14 @@ @incollection{bib6234 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib6235, +@misc{bib6259, author = {Rentz, Bradley}, local_ids = {98151}, title = {Personal Communication on Ngatikese}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib6236, +@misc{bib6260, author = {Rentz, Bradley}, local_ids = {98141}, month = {September}, @@ -55800,7 +56020,7 @@ @misc{bib6236 year = {2014} } -@article{bib6237, +@article{bib6261, author = {Reporter, The Siberian Times}, journal = {The Siberian Times}, local_ids = {99595}, @@ -55811,14 +56031,14 @@ @article{bib6237 year = {2021} } -@book{bib6238, +@book{bib6262, author = {Rere, Taira}, publisher = {Islands Education Division}, title = {Maori lessons for the Cook Islands}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib6239, +@misc{bib6263, author = {Restrepo, Juan Alvaro Echeverri}, howpublished = {Personal communication.}, local_ids = {98436}, @@ -55826,7 +56046,7 @@ @misc{bib6239 year = {2014} } -@book{bib6240, +@book{bib6264, author = {Retsema, Thom; Margaret Potter; and Gray, Rachel}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98691}, @@ -55836,14 +56056,14 @@ @book{bib6240 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6241, +@book{bib6265, author = {Reuse, Willem Joseph de}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, title = {Siberian Yupik Eskimo: the Language and its Contacts with Chukchi}, year = {1994} } -@article{bib6242, +@article{bib6266, author = {Reyburn, William D.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {44-64}, @@ -55852,14 +56072,14 @@ @article{bib6242 year = {1954} } -@book{bib6243, +@book{bib6267, author = {Rhodes, Richard A.}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, title = {Eastern Ojibwa-Chippewa-Ottawa Dictionary}, year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib6244, +@incollection{bib6268, author = {Rhodes, Richard}, editor = {Katarzyna Dziwirek, Patrcik Farrell and Mejıas-Bikandi, Errapel}, booktitle = {Grammatical Relations: A Cross Theoretical Perspective}, @@ -55868,25 +56088,25 @@ @incollection{bib6244 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib6245, +@misc{bib6269, author = {Rhodes, Richard A.}, title = {Ojibwe Language Shift: 1600-present}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6246, +@misc{bib6270, author = {Rhodes, Richard A.}, title = {Ottawa Word Order}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib6247, +@misc{bib6271, author = {Ribeiro, Michela Araújo}, title = {dictionário Djeoromitxi-Português: registro da língua do povo Jabuti}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6248, +@misc{bib6272, author = {Ribeiro, Eduardo}, local_ids = {24701}, title = {"Documentation of the Ofayé Language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -55894,7 +56114,7 @@ @misc{bib6248 year = {2003} } -@article{bib6249, +@article{bib6273, author = {Ribeiro, Adelina Vilma Marques and Labiak, Araci Maria and Neves, Lino João de Oliveira and Silva, Marcio}, journal = {Campinas: Cadernos de Estudos Língüísticos}, pages = {123-141}, @@ -55903,7 +56123,7 @@ @article{bib6249 year = {1989} } -@article{bib6250, +@article{bib6274, author = {Ribeiro, Darcy}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista, N.S.}, pages = {105-136}, @@ -55912,7 +56132,7 @@ @article{bib6250 year = {1951} } -@article{bib6251, +@article{bib6275, author = {Ribeiro, Eduardo Rivail}, journal = {Cadernos de Etnolingüística: Série Notas}, pages = {1-5}, @@ -55921,7 +56141,7 @@ @article{bib6251 year = {2009} } -@article{bib6252, +@article{bib6276, author = {Ribeiro, Lincoln Almir Amarante}, journal = {Liames}, pages = {135-147}, @@ -55930,7 +56150,7 @@ @article{bib6252 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6253, +@incollection{bib6277, author = {Ricaurte, Carolina Ortiz}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -55939,20 +56159,20 @@ @incollection{bib6253 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6254, +@book{bib6278, author = {Rice, Keren}, publisher = {Northern Social Research Division, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs}, title = {Hare Dictionary}, year = {1978} } -@misc{bib6255, +@misc{bib6279, author = {Rice, Keren}, title = {Hare Phonology}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib6256, +@article{bib6280, author = {Rice, F. J. D.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {109-180}, @@ -55961,7 +56181,7 @@ @article{bib6256 year = {1934} } -@article{bib6257, +@article{bib6281, author = {Rice, F. J. D.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {115-120}, @@ -55970,7 +56190,7 @@ @article{bib6257 year = {1931} } -@article{bib6258, +@article{bib6282, author = {Rice, A. Hamilton}, journal = {Geographical Journal}, pages = {113-143, 209-223, 345-357}, @@ -55979,7 +56199,7 @@ @article{bib6258 year = {1928} } -@article{bib6259, +@article{bib6283, author = {Rich, Furne}, journal = {Studies in Peruvian Indian Languages}, title = {Arabela phonemes and high-level phonology}, @@ -55987,7 +56207,7 @@ @article{bib6259 year = {1963} } -@book{bib6260, +@book{bib6284, author = {Rich, Rolland}, pages = {643}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, @@ -55998,7 +56218,7 @@ @book{bib6260 year = {1999} } -@book{bib6261, +@book{bib6285, author = {Rich, Rolland}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, series = {Datos Etno-Lingüísticos}, @@ -56008,7 +56228,7 @@ @book{bib6261 year = {1975} } -@book{bib6262, +@book{bib6286, author = {Richards, Michael}, local_ids = {98365}, publisher = {Editorial Serviprensa, Guatemala}, @@ -56017,7 +56237,7 @@ @book{bib6262 year = {2003} } -@article{bib6263, +@article{bib6287, author = {Richards, Norvin}, journal = {MIT Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, local_ids = {88198}, @@ -56027,7 +56247,7 @@ @article{bib6263 year = {1997} } -@article{bib6264, +@article{bib6288, author = {Richards, Mafalda Bertoglia}, journal = {Estudios de Lingüística Chibcha}, pages = {3-13}, @@ -56036,14 +56256,14 @@ @article{bib6264 year = {1983} } -@book{bib6265, +@book{bib6289, author = {Richardson, Murray}, publisher = {Northern Canada Evangelical Mission}, title = {Chipewyan Grammar}, year = {1968} } -@book{bib6266, +@book{bib6290, author = {Richardson, Dan and Tupper, Ian}, institution = {SIL Internationa}, local_ids = {99001}, @@ -56053,7 +56273,7 @@ @book{bib6266 year = {2013} } -@mastersthesis{bib6267, +@mastersthesis{bib6291, author = {Ricquier, Birgit}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {5876}, @@ -56062,7 +56282,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib6267 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib6268, +@incollection{bib6292, author = {Riddell, Francis A.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -56073,7 +56293,7 @@ @incollection{bib6268 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib6269, +@incollection{bib6293, author = {Ridge, Eleanor}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Gawne, Lauren}, address = {London}, @@ -56088,7 +56308,7 @@ @incollection{bib6269 year = {2018} } -@article{bib6270, +@article{bib6294, author = {Ridley, William}, journal = {Journal of the Ethnological Society of London}, pages = {285-293}, @@ -56097,14 +56317,14 @@ @article{bib6270 year = {1856} } -@book{bib6271, +@book{bib6295, author = {Riefenstahl, Leni}, publisher = {Ullstein Sachbuch}, title = {Die Nuba von Kau}, year = {1991} } -@misc{bib6272, +@misc{bib6296, author = {Riehl, Anastasia}, local_ids = {24818}, title = {"Initial Documentation of Na'ahai, a language of Malakula, Vanuatu" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -56112,7 +56332,7 @@ @misc{bib6272 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib6273, +@incollection{bib6297, author = {Riese, Timothy}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Uralic Languages}, @@ -56121,14 +56341,14 @@ @incollection{bib6273 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6274, +@book{bib6298, author = {Rigby, Nora and Schneider, Robin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer Verlag}, title = {Dictionary of the Rama Language}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib6275, +@article{bib6299, author = {Riggs, Venda}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {229-231}, @@ -56137,7 +56357,7 @@ @article{bib6275 year = {1949} } -@book{bib6276, +@book{bib6300, author = {Riggs, Stephen Return}, address = {Washington}, publisher = {U.S. Government Printing Office}, @@ -56147,7 +56367,7 @@ @book{bib6276 year = {1893} } -@incollection{bib6277, +@incollection{bib6301, author = {Rigsby, Bruce}, editor = {Key, Mary Ritchie and Hoenigswald, Henry M.}, booktitle = {General and Amerindian ethnolinguistics: in remembrance of Stanley Newman Contributions to the sociology of language}, @@ -56158,13 +56378,13 @@ @incollection{bib6277 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib6278, +@misc{bib6302, author = {Rigsby, Bruce}, title = {Gitksan Grammar}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6279, +@incollection{bib6303, author = {Rigsby, Bruce}, editor = {Sutton, Peter}, booktitle = {The Languages of Cape York Australian Aboriginal Studies, Regional and Research Studies}, @@ -56175,7 +56395,7 @@ @incollection{bib6279 year = {1976} } -@article{bib6280, +@article{bib6304, author = {Rimsky-Korsakoff, S.}, journal = {Monumenta Serica}, pages = {352-421}, @@ -56184,7 +56404,7 @@ @article{bib6280 year = {1967} } -@article{bib6281, +@article{bib6305, author = {Ringe, Don}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -56194,7 +56414,7 @@ @article{bib6281 year = {1995} } -@article{bib6282, +@article{bib6306, author = {Rischel, J.}, journal = {Acta Orientalia}, pages = {49-78}, @@ -56203,21 +56423,21 @@ @article{bib6282 year = {1989} } -@book{bib6283, +@book{bib6307, author = {Rischel, Jørgen}, publisher = {Museum Tusculanum Press, University of Copenhagen}, title = {Minor Mlabri: A Hunter-Gatherer Language of Northern Indochina}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib6284, +@book{bib6308, author = {Rischel, Jørgen}, publisher = {Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab}, title = {Mlabri and Mon-Khmer: tracing the history of a hunter-gatherer language}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib6285, +@article{bib6309, author = {Rischel, J.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {115-122}, @@ -56226,21 +56446,21 @@ @article{bib6285 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6286, +@book{bib6310, author = {Rischel, Jorgen}, publisher = {Akademisk Forlag}, title = {Topics in West Greenlandic Phonology}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib6287, +@book{bib6311, author = {Rising, David P.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, title = {Switch Reference in Koasati Discource}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib6288, +@book{bib6312, author = {Ristinen, E. K.}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, series = {Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -56249,21 +56469,21 @@ @book{bib6288 year = {1960} } -@book{bib6289, +@book{bib6313, author = {Ritter, John}, publisher = {The Queen's Printer for the Yukon}, title = {Gwich'in (Loucheux) Athapaskan Noun Dictionary, Port McPherson Dialect}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6290, +@book{bib6314, author = {Ritter, John and McGinty, Tommy and Edwards, Johnson}, publisher = {Yukon Native Languages Project}, title = {The Selkirk Indian Language Noun Dictionary}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib6291, +@book{bib6315, author = {Ritter, Hellmut}, local_ids = {93267}, publisher = {Beirut}, @@ -56271,7 +56491,7 @@ @book{bib6291 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib6292, +@incollection{bib6316, author = {Rival, Laura M.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -56280,7 +56500,7 @@ @incollection{bib6292 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib6293, +@incollection{bib6317, author = {Rivera, Fernando Antonio García}, editor = {Queixalós, F. and Renault-Lescure, O.}, booktitle = {As Línguas Amazônicas Hoje/Las Lenguas Amazonicas Hoy/Les Langues d'Amazonie aujourd'hui/The Amazonian Languages Today}, @@ -56289,7 +56509,7 @@ @incollection{bib6293 year = {2000} } -@article{bib6294, +@article{bib6318, author = {Beuchat, H. and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Le Muséon, N. S.}, pages = {33-68, 141-198}, @@ -56298,7 +56518,7 @@ @article{bib6294 year = {1910} } -@article{bib6295, +@article{bib6319, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {11-20}, @@ -56307,7 +56527,7 @@ @article{bib6295 year = {1920} } -@article{bib6296, +@article{bib6320, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {83-110}, @@ -56316,7 +56536,7 @@ @article{bib6296 year = {1912} } -@article{bib6297, +@article{bib6321, author = {Beuchat, Henri and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, number = {2}, @@ -56326,7 +56546,7 @@ @article{bib6297 year = {1907} } -@article{bib6298, +@article{bib6322, author = {Beuchat, Henri and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris}, pages = {117-136, 162-190}, @@ -56335,7 +56555,7 @@ @article{bib6298 year = {1911-1912} } -@article{bib6299, +@article{bib6323, author = {Beuchat, H. and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {616-634}, @@ -56344,7 +56564,7 @@ @article{bib6299 year = {1909} } -@article{bib6300, +@article{bib6324, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {191-240}, @@ -56353,7 +56573,7 @@ @article{bib6300 year = {1948} } -@article{bib6301, +@article{bib6325, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {173-206}, @@ -56362,7 +56582,7 @@ @article{bib6301 year = {1911} } -@article{bib6302, +@article{bib6326, author = {Beuchat, Henri and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {235-249}, @@ -56371,7 +56591,7 @@ @article{bib6302 year = {1908} } -@article{bib6303, +@article{bib6327, author = {Beuchat, H. and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {805-822, 1053-1064, 1109-1124}, @@ -56380,7 +56600,7 @@ @article{bib6303 year = {1909, 1909, 1910} } -@article{bib6304, +@article{bib6328, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {1-61}, @@ -56389,7 +56609,7 @@ @article{bib6304 year = {1941} } -@article{bib6305, +@article{bib6329, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {169-182}, @@ -56398,7 +56618,7 @@ @article{bib6305 year = {1924} } -@article{bib6306, +@article{bib6330, author = {Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {173-195}, @@ -56407,7 +56627,7 @@ @article{bib6306 year = {1921} } -@book{bib6307, +@book{bib6331, author = {Rivierre, Jean-Claude}, address = {Paris}, local_ids = {97260}, @@ -56416,7 +56636,7 @@ @book{bib6307 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6308, +@incollection{bib6332, author = {Rjagoev, V. D.}, editor = {Jarceva, V. N.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Ural'skie jazyki}, @@ -56425,7 +56645,7 @@ @incollection{bib6308 year = {1993} } -@article{bib6309, +@article{bib6333, author = {Robayo, Camilo}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {189-199}, @@ -56434,14 +56654,14 @@ @article{bib6309 year = {1989} } -@book{bib6310, +@book{bib6334, author = {Robbe, Pierre and Dorais, Louis-Jacque}, publisher = {Université Laval}, title = {The East Greenlandic Inuit Language}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6311, +@incollection{bib6335, author = {Robbins, S.}, editor = {Mester, A. and Robbins, S.}, booktitle = {Phonology at Santa Cruz 2}, @@ -56450,7 +56670,7 @@ @incollection{bib6311 year = {1991} } -@book{bib6312, +@book{bib6336, author = {Roberts, John R.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Croom Helm}, @@ -56459,7 +56679,7 @@ @book{bib6312 year = {1987} } -@article{bib6313, +@article{bib6337, author = {Roberts, D. F.}, journal = {Rivista di Antropologia}, pages = {317-324}, @@ -56468,7 +56688,7 @@ @article{bib6313 year = {1957} } -@misc{bib6314, +@misc{bib6338, author = {Roberts, James}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {6th World Congress of African Linguistics, 17-21 August 20009, Cologne}, @@ -56478,7 +56698,7 @@ @misc{bib6314 year = {2009} } -@article{bib6315, +@article{bib6339, author = {Robinett, Florence M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-7, 160-177, 210-216}, @@ -56487,7 +56707,7 @@ @article{bib6315 year = {1955} } -@article{bib6316, +@article{bib6340, author = {Robinett, Florence M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {211-216}, @@ -56496,14 +56716,14 @@ @article{bib6316 year = {1955} } -@book{bib6317, +@book{bib6341, author = {Robinne, François}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)}, title = {Fils et maîtres du lac: relations interethniques dans l’ État Shan de Birmanie}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib6318, +@book{bib6342, author = {Robins, Robert H.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -56513,7 +56733,7 @@ @book{bib6318 year = {1958} } -@book{bib6319, +@book{bib6343, author = {Robins, R. H.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -56522,7 +56742,7 @@ @book{bib6319 year = {1958} } -@article{bib6320, +@article{bib6344, author = {Robinson, Laura C.}, journal = {Working Papers in Linguistics / Department of Linguistics, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa}, number = {5}, @@ -56531,7 +56751,7 @@ @article{bib6320 year = {2005} } -@book{bib6321, +@book{bib6345, author = {Robinson, Dow Frederick}, publisher = {University of Oklahoma}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -56539,7 +56759,7 @@ @book{bib6321 year = {1966} } -@book{bib6322, +@book{bib6346, author = {Robinson, Lila Wistrand and Armagost, James}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas}, series = {SIL and The University of Texas at Arlington Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -56548,7 +56768,7 @@ @book{bib6322 year = {1990} } -@misc{bib6323, +@misc{bib6347, author = {Robinson, Laura C.}, isbn = {9780549641391}, local_ids = {2361}, @@ -56558,7 +56778,7 @@ @misc{bib6323 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6324, +@article{bib6348, author = {Griffiths, Sascha Sebastian and Robson, Laura}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, local_ids = {90660}, @@ -56570,7 +56790,7 @@ @article{bib6324 year = {2010} } -@article{bib6325, +@article{bib6349, author = {Rocha, Joaquín}, journal = {Idearium}, pages = {244-259}, @@ -56579,7 +56799,7 @@ @article{bib6325 year = {1937} } -@mastersthesis{bib6326, +@mastersthesis{bib6350, author = {Roddy, Kevin M.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {13622}, @@ -56588,7 +56808,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib6326 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6327, +@incollection{bib6351, author = {Rodionova], А. П. Родионова [A. P.}, editor = {Kuleshov], В. Г. Кулешов [V. G.}, booktitle = {Актуальные нормативно-правовые вопросы профсоюзной деятельности}, @@ -56600,7 +56820,7 @@ @incollection{bib6327 year = {2015} } -@article{bib6328, +@article{bib6352, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon Dall'Igna}, journal = {Cadernos de Estudos Lingüísticos}, pages = {7-11}, @@ -56609,7 +56829,7 @@ @article{bib6328 year = {1978} } -@article{bib6329, +@article{bib6353, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon D.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -56619,7 +56839,7 @@ @article{bib6329 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib6330, +@incollection{bib6354, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon D.}, editor = {Klein, Harriet E. Manelis and Stark, Louisa}, booktitle = {South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect}, @@ -56628,7 +56848,7 @@ @incollection{bib6330 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib6331, +@incollection{bib6355, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon D.}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, Alexandra}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -56638,7 +56858,7 @@ @incollection{bib6331 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib6332, +@incollection{bib6356, author = {Hanke, Wanda and Swadesh, Morris and [sic!] D. Rodrigues, Arion}, booktitle = {Miscellanea Paul Rivet Octogenario Dicata XXXI Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, pages = {187-217}, @@ -56646,7 +56866,7 @@ @incollection{bib6332 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib6333, +@incollection{bib6357, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon D.}, editor = {Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and Dixon, R. M. W.}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages}, @@ -56655,7 +56875,7 @@ @incollection{bib6333 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib6334, +@incollection{bib6358, author = {Rodrigues, Aryon Dall’Igna and Cabral, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara}, editor = {Campbell, Lyle and Grondona, Verónica}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide}, @@ -56667,7 +56887,7 @@ @incollection{bib6334 year = {2012} } -@article{bib6335, +@article{bib6359, author = {Rodrigues Gomes, Maria}, journal = {Revista Antropos}, number = {1}, @@ -56677,7 +56897,7 @@ @article{bib6335 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6336, +@article{bib6360, author = {Politis, Gustavo G. and Martinez, Gustavo A. and Rodriguez, Julián}, journal = {Revista Española de Antropología Americana}, pages = {167-197}, @@ -56686,20 +56906,20 @@ @article{bib6336 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib6337, +@misc{bib6361, author = {Rodriguez, Antonio Torres}, local_ids = {91320}, title = {Centzuntli: Kanjobal}, url = {http://centzuntli.blogspot.com/2010/01/kanjobales.html} } -@misc{bib6338, +@misc{bib6362, author = {Rodriguez, Clara Rivera}, local_ids = {89840}, title = {Personal communication} } -@incollection{bib6339, +@incollection{bib6363, author = {Rodríguez, Maria Emilia Fontes}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -56708,7 +56928,7 @@ @incollection{bib6339 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6340, +@incollection{bib6364, author = {Rodríguez Alzza, Ana Carolina}, booktitle = {Prefijos de partes del cuerpo en la lengua iskonawa (Pano, Perú): una descripción sincrónica}, institution = {Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú}, @@ -56718,7 +56938,7 @@ @incollection{bib6340 url = {http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/6428} } -@article{bib6341, +@article{bib6365, author = {Rodríguez Delgado, Rafael}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {113-161}, @@ -56727,7 +56947,7 @@ @article{bib6341 year = {1958} } -@book{bib6342, +@book{bib6366, author = {Rodríguez Mir, Javier}, address = {Quito}, publisher = {Abya-Yala}, @@ -56735,7 +56955,7 @@ @book{bib6342 year = {2006} } -@book{bib6343, +@book{bib6367, author = {Roennfeldt, David}, local_ids = {90640}, publisher = {IAD Press}, @@ -56743,7 +56963,7 @@ @book{bib6343 url = {http://iadpress.com/shop/western-arranta-picture-dictionary/} } -@misc{bib6344, +@misc{bib6368, author = {Rogers, Christopher}, local_ids = {88786}, school = {University of Utah}, @@ -56751,7 +56971,7 @@ @misc{bib6344 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6345, +@article{bib6369, author = {Rogers, Chris}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -56765,13 +56985,13 @@ @article{bib6345 year = {2020} } -@misc{bib6346, +@misc{bib6370, author = {Rogers, Henry E.}, title = {The Phonology and Morphology of Sherbro}, year = {1967} } -@article{bib6347, +@article{bib6371, author = {Rogers, Chris}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {98357}, @@ -56782,7 +57002,7 @@ @article{bib6347 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib6348, +@incollection{bib6372, author = {Rogers, Daniel J. and Sabo and III and George}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -56794,13 +57014,13 @@ @incollection{bib6348 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib6349, +@misc{bib6373, author = {Rojanakul, Nattamon}, title = {Chong Syntax}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib6350, +@book{bib6374, author = {Rojas, Mauricio Pardo}, address = {Medellín}, publisher = {Secretaría de Educación de Antioquia}, @@ -56808,21 +57028,21 @@ @book{bib6350 year = {1987} } -@book{bib6351, +@book{bib6375, author = {Rojas, Mauricio Pardo}, publisher = {Segunda Expedición Botánica}, title = {Gramática del Idioma Emberá, Dialecto del Alto Baudó}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib6352, +@book{bib6376, author = {Rojas, Espíritu Santo Maroto}, publisher = {Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica}, title = {Lengua o Dialecto Boruca o Brúnkajk}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib6353, +@book{bib6377, author = {Rojas Curieux, Tulio and Nieves Oviedo, Rocío and Yule Yatacué, Marcos}, address = {Bogotá}, pages = {190}, @@ -56833,7 +57053,7 @@ @book{bib6353 year = {1991} } -@book{bib6354, +@book{bib6378, author = {Rombi, Marie-Françoise}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {SELAF}, @@ -56843,7 +57063,7 @@ @book{bib6354 year = {1983} } -@book{bib6355, +@book{bib6379, author = {Romero, Ezequiel and Shell, Olive A.}, pages = {212}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -56854,19 +57074,19 @@ @book{bib6355 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib6356, +@misc{bib6380, author = {Romero, Guillermo}, local_ids = {98127}, title = {Personal Communication} } -@misc{bib6357, +@misc{bib6381, author = {Romero, Fanny Longa}, title = {Relações entre língua e identidade em uma comunidade bilíngüe do grupo etnolingüistico Taurepang}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib6358, +@book{bib6382, author = {Romero Cruz, Isabel Victoria}, local_ids = {98854}, publisher = {Bogotá}, @@ -56875,7 +57095,7 @@ @book{bib6358 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6359, +@book{bib6383, author = {Romero-Figeroa, Andrés}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -56885,7 +57105,7 @@ @book{bib6359 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6360, +@book{bib6384, author = {Romero-Figueroa, A.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Lincom Studies in Native American Linguistics}, @@ -56894,7 +57114,7 @@ @book{bib6360 year = {1997} } -@article{bib6361, +@article{bib6385, author = {Romero-Figueroa, A.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {105-121}, @@ -56903,7 +57123,7 @@ @article{bib6361 year = {1985} } -@article{bib6362, +@article{bib6386, author = {Romero-Figueroa, A.}, journal = {Studies in Language}, pages = {97-108}, @@ -56912,7 +57132,7 @@ @article{bib6362 year = {1986} } -@article{bib6363, +@article{bib6387, author = {Romero-Méndez, Rodrigo}, journal = {ProQuest}, local_ids = {97880}, @@ -56923,7 +57143,7 @@ @article{bib6363 year = {2008} } -@book{bib6364, +@book{bib6388, author = {Romney, Lee}, howpublished = {Newspaper}, local_ids = {98489}, @@ -56935,7 +57155,7 @@ @book{bib6364 year = {2013} } -@article{bib6365, +@article{bib6389, author = {Roncero, Kristian}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, isbn = {ISSN: 1740-6234}, @@ -56949,7 +57169,7 @@ @article{bib6365 year = {2021} } -@incollection{bib6366, +@incollection{bib6390, author = {Rood, David S.}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Facts About the World's Languages. An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present}, @@ -56958,7 +57178,7 @@ @incollection{bib6366 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6367, +@book{bib6391, author = {Rood, N.}, address = {Tervuren}, publisher = {Comissie voor Afrikaanse Taalkunde/Commission de Linguistique Africaine}, @@ -56968,7 +57188,7 @@ @book{bib6367 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib6368, +@incollection{bib6392, author = {Rood, David S. and Taylor, Allan R.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of North American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -56977,7 +57197,7 @@ @incollection{bib6368 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib6369, +@incollection{bib6393, author = {Rood, David S.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, @@ -56989,7 +57209,7 @@ @incollection{bib6369 year = {1996} } -@book{bib6370, +@book{bib6394, author = {Rood, David S.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Garland}, @@ -56997,7 +57217,7 @@ @book{bib6370 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib6371, +@incollection{bib6395, author = {Roos, Martina Erica}, booktitle = {The Western Yugur (Yellow Yugur) Language: Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary}, howpublished = {online}, @@ -57008,7 +57228,7 @@ @incollection{bib6371 year = {2000} } -@article{bib6372, +@article{bib6396, author = {Roosman, Raden S.}, journal = {The Indonesian quarterly}, number = {2}, @@ -57018,19 +57238,19 @@ @article{bib6372 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib6373, +@misc{bib6397, author = {Rose, Suzanne Maria}, title = {Kyuquot Grammar}, year = {1981} } -@misc{bib6374, +@misc{bib6398, author = {Rose, Françoise}, title = {Morphosyntaxe de l'Emerillon: langue tupi-guarani de Guyane française}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib6375, +@book{bib6399, author = {Rose, David}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xvi+482}, @@ -57041,14 +57261,14 @@ @book{bib6375 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6376, +@book{bib6400, author = {Rose, P. et al.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, title = {Yolngu Sounds (tape and listening exercise)}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib6377, +@article{bib6401, author = {Rosen, Joan M.}, journal = {NUSA}, pages = {50-69}, @@ -57057,7 +57277,7 @@ @article{bib6377 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib6378, +@incollection{bib6402, author = {Rosengren, Dan}, editor = {Barclay, Frederica and Santos, Fernando}, address = {Balboa, Panamá}, @@ -57069,7 +57289,7 @@ @incollection{bib6378 year = {2004} } -@article{bib6379, +@article{bib6403, author = {Teng, Stacy F. and Ross, Malcolm}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {543-558}, @@ -57078,7 +57298,7 @@ @article{bib6379 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6380, +@incollection{bib6404, author = {Ross, Malcolm}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -57089,7 +57309,7 @@ @incollection{bib6380 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib6381, +@incollection{bib6405, author = {Ross, Malcolm D.}, editor = {Pawley, Andrew and Attenborough, Robert and Golson, Jack and and Hide, Robin}, booktitle = {Papuan Pasts: Studies in the Cultural, Linguistic and Biological History of the Papuan-speaking Peoples Pacific Linguistics 572}, @@ -57099,7 +57319,7 @@ @incollection{bib6381 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib6382, +@incollection{bib6406, author = {Sterner, Joyce and Ross, Malcolm}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -57110,7 +57330,7 @@ @incollection{bib6382 year = {2002} } -@article{bib6383, +@article{bib6407, author = {Ross, Malcolm D.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -57120,14 +57340,14 @@ @article{bib6383 year = {1992} } -@book{bib6384, +@book{bib6408, author = {Roth Li, Gertrude}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i Press}, title = {Manchu: A Textbook for Reading Documents}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6385, +@incollection{bib6409, author = {Rottland, Franz}, editor = {Hayward, Richard J.}, booktitle = {Omotic Language Studies}, @@ -57136,7 +57356,7 @@ @incollection{bib6385 year = {1990} } -@book{bib6386, +@book{bib6410, author = {Rottland, Franz}, address = {Berlin}, copied_from = {EBALL}, @@ -57148,7 +57368,7 @@ @book{bib6386 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6387, +@incollection{bib6411, author = {Rottland, Franz and Okoth Okombo, Duncan}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin & New York}, @@ -57163,14 +57383,14 @@ @incollection{bib6387 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib6388, +@misc{bib6412, author = {Round, Erich Ross}, pages = {798}, title = {Kayardild morphology, phonology and morphosyntax}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6389, +@misc{bib6413, author = {Round, Erich}, local_ids = {24828}, title = {"Linguistic and Ethnographic documentation of Kayardild" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57178,20 +57398,20 @@ @misc{bib6389 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6390, +@misc{bib6414, author = {Routamaa, Iska and Routamaa, Judy}, title = {Dialect survey report of the Kamula language, Western province}, year = {2008 [1996-07]} } -@misc{bib6391, +@misc{bib6415, author = {Routamaa, Judy}, title = {Kamula grammar essentials}, url = {http://www-01.sil.org/pacific/png/pubs/928474531163/Kamula_gram_essent.pdf}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib6392, +@book{bib6416, author = {Rowan, Orland}, pages = {122}, publisher = {Sociedade Internacional de Lingüística}, @@ -57199,7 +57419,7 @@ @book{bib6392 year = {2001} } -@article{bib6393, +@article{bib6417, author = {Rowe, John Howland}, journal = {Tribus}, pages = {139-156}, @@ -57208,7 +57428,7 @@ @article{bib6393 year = {1954} } -@article{bib6394, +@article{bib6418, author = {Rowlands, E. C.}, journal = {African Language Studies}, pages = {71-83}, @@ -57217,7 +57437,7 @@ @article{bib6394 year = {1962} } -@article{bib6395, +@article{bib6419, author = {Rozelle, Lorna}, journal = {UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics}, pages = {91-101}, @@ -57226,7 +57446,7 @@ @article{bib6395 year = {1997} } -@article{bib6396, +@article{bib6420, author = {Markus, Elena and Rozhanskiy, Fedor}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {98469}, @@ -57239,7 +57459,7 @@ @article{bib6396 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6397, +@misc{bib6421, author = {Rozhanskiy, Fedor}, local_ids = {24663}, title = {"Documentation of Ingrian: collecting and analyzing fieldwork data and digitizing legacy materials" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57247,7 +57467,7 @@ @misc{bib6397 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6398, +@incollection{bib6422, author = {Rubin, Aaron}, editor = {Eades, Domenyk}, booktitle = {Grammaticalization in Semitic}, @@ -57262,7 +57482,7 @@ @incollection{bib6398 year = {2012} } -@book{bib6399, +@book{bib6423, author = {Rubin, Aaron D.}, publisher = {Brill}, series = {Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics}, @@ -57270,7 +57490,7 @@ @book{bib6399 year = {2014} } -@book{bib6400, +@book{bib6424, author = {Rubin, Aaron}, address = {Leiden}, local_ids = {93271}, @@ -57279,7 +57499,7 @@ @book{bib6400 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6401, +@incollection{bib6425, author = {Rude, Noel}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {Passive and Voice}, @@ -57288,7 +57508,7 @@ @incollection{bib6401 year = {1988} } -@article{bib6402, +@article{bib6426, author = {Rude, Noel}, journal = {Berkely Linguistic Society}, pages = {463-483}, @@ -57297,7 +57517,7 @@ @article{bib6402 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6403, +@incollection{bib6427, author = {Rude, Noel}, editor = {Shipley, William}, booktitle = {In honor of Mary Haas}, @@ -57306,13 +57526,13 @@ @incollection{bib6403 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib6404, +@misc{bib6428, author = {Rude, Noel E.}, title = {Studies in Nez Perce Grammar and Discourse}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib6405, +@article{bib6429, author = {Rude, Noel}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {124-153}, @@ -57321,14 +57541,14 @@ @article{bib6405 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6406, +@book{bib6430, author = {Rudes, Blair A.}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, title = {Tuscarora Roots, Stems, and Particles: Towards a Dictionary of Tuscarora}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib6407, +@book{bib6431, author = {Rudolph, Bruno}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Fr.~W.~Thaden}, @@ -57336,7 +57556,7 @@ @book{bib6407 year = {1909} } -@book{bib6408, +@book{bib6432, author = {Rueck, Michael J. and Christiansen, Niels}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {75134}, @@ -57348,7 +57568,7 @@ @book{bib6408 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6409, +@book{bib6433, author = {Rueter, Jack}, address = {Helsinki}, isbn = {9789525667240}, @@ -57361,7 +57581,7 @@ @book{bib6409 year = {2010} } -@phdthesis{bib6410, +@phdthesis{bib6434, author = {Ruff, Joy Naomi}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {75167}, @@ -57371,32 +57591,32 @@ @phdthesis{bib6410 year = {2005} } -@book{bib6411, +@book{bib6435, author = {Ruiz de Bravo Ahuja, Gloria}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social}, title = {Chocho: Santa Catarina Ocotlán, Oaxaca}, year = {1977} } -@misc{bib6412, +@misc{bib6436, author = {Rumaropen, Benny}, title = {Draft Survei Sosiolinguistik pada ragam Bahasa Kimki di Bagian Tenggara Gunung Ji, Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib6413, +@misc{bib6437, author = {Rumaropen, Benny}, title = {Draft Survey Report on the Kapauri Language of Papua}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6414, +@misc{bib6438, author = {Rumsey, Alan Lee}, title = {A Grammar of Ungarinjin With Special Reference To the Structure of Discourse.}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib6415, +@book{bib6439, author = {Rumsey, Alan}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xii+179+19}, @@ -57407,7 +57627,7 @@ @book{bib6415 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6416, +@incollection{bib6440, author = {Rumsey, Alan}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Blake, Barry J.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Australian Languages 5}, @@ -57416,7 +57636,7 @@ @incollection{bib6416 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6417, +@book{bib6441, author = {Merlan, Francesca and Rumsey, Alan}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language}, @@ -57425,7 +57645,7 @@ @book{bib6417 year = {1991} } -@book{bib6418, +@book{bib6442, author = {McGregor, William B. and Rumsey, Alan}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -57435,19 +57655,19 @@ @book{bib6418 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6419, +@misc{bib6443, author = {Rupp, S.}, title = {I, You, We, They: Forests of Identity in Southeastern Cameroon}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib6420, +@misc{bib6444, author = {Russell, R. L.}, title = {A Transformational Grammar of Amahuaca (Pano)}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib6421, +@book{bib6445, author = {Russell, Robert}, pages = {108}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -57458,7 +57678,7 @@ @book{bib6421 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib6422, +@incollection{bib6446, author = {Russell, Kevin}, editor = {Hall, Alan T. and Kleinhenz, Ursula}, booktitle = {Studies on the Phonological Word}, @@ -57467,14 +57687,14 @@ @incollection{bib6422 year = {1999} } -@book{bib6423, +@book{bib6447, author = {Rust, F.}, publisher = {Balkema}, title = {Praktische Namagrammatik}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib6424, +@book{bib6448, author = {Rutgers, Roland}, address = {Netherlands}, publisher = {Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden}, @@ -57484,7 +57704,7 @@ @book{bib6424 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib6425, +@misc{bib6449, author = {McPherson, Laura and Ryan, Kevin}, institution = {American Indian Seminar}, local_ids = {96360}, @@ -57495,7 +57715,7 @@ @misc{bib6425 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6426, +@article{bib6450, author = {Rybka, Konrad}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {98753}, @@ -57506,7 +57726,7 @@ @article{bib6426 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6427, +@book{bib6451, author = {Rydén, Stig}, address = {Göteborg}, publisher = {Gumpert}, @@ -57514,7 +57734,7 @@ @book{bib6427 year = {1941} } -@book{bib6428, +@book{bib6452, author = {Rydén, Stig}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación}, series = {Colección de Etnografía y Folklore}, @@ -57523,7 +57743,7 @@ @book{bib6428 year = {1958} } -@book{bib6429, +@book{bib6453, author = {Rákos, Attila}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -57533,13 +57753,13 @@ @book{bib6429 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6430, +@misc{bib6454, author = {Rénaud, P.}, title = {Description phonologique et éléments du morphologie nominale d'une langue Pygmée du Sud-Cameroun: les Bajex͡tepsilonle (Bipindi)}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib6431, +@article{bib6455, author = {SHIRAI, Satoko}, journal = {Gengo kenkyu}, pages = {1-22}, @@ -57548,7 +57768,7 @@ @article{bib6431 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6432, +@article{bib6456, author = {SHIRAI, Satoko}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {2}, @@ -57558,7 +57778,7 @@ @article{bib6432 year = {2007} } -@article{bib6433, +@article{bib6457, author = {SHIRAI, Satoko}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -57568,7 +57788,7 @@ @article{bib6433 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6434, +@misc{bib6458, author = {SIMEONE-SENELLE, Marie-Claude}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, howpublished = {Second Scientific Symposium on "The Developing Strategy of Soqotra Archipelago and the other Yemeni Islands", 14-16, Dec. 2003, University of Aden.}, @@ -57577,7 +57797,7 @@ @misc{bib6434 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6435, +@incollection{bib6459, author = {Saadiev, S. M.}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4}, @@ -57586,7 +57806,7 @@ @incollection{bib6435 year = {1994} } -@book{bib6436, +@book{bib6460, author = {Sabar, Yona}, address = {Weisbaden}, local_ids = {93263}, @@ -57597,13 +57817,13 @@ @book{bib6436 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6437, +@misc{bib6461, author = {Sachs, April E.}, title = {Motion events in Seri: Applying Talmy’s typologies}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib6438, +@book{bib6462, author = {Sadock, Jerrold M.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -57613,27 +57833,27 @@ @book{bib6438 year = {2003} } -@book{bib6439, +@book{bib6463, author = {Safford, William Edwin}, publisher = {W.H. owdermilk & Co}, title = {The Chamorro language of Guam}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib6440, +@book{bib6464, author = {Safford, William E.}, publisher = {Reprinted from American Anthropologist}, title = {The Chamorro Language of Guam: A Grammar of the Idiom Spoken by the Inhabitants of the Marianne or Ladrones, Islands}, year = {1903-1905} } -@misc{bib6441, +@misc{bib6465, author = {Baart, Joan L. G. and Sagar, Muhammad Zaman}, title = {The Gawri Language of Kalam and Dir Kohistan}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib6442, +@article{bib6466, author = {Sagart, Laurent}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, pages = {194-204}, @@ -57642,7 +57862,7 @@ @article{bib6442 year = {2010} } -@article{bib6443, +@article{bib6467, author = {Sah, Krishna Kumar}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, pages = {197-207}, @@ -57651,14 +57871,14 @@ @article{bib6443 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6444, +@book{bib6468, author = {Saidova, Patimat Abduaevna}, publisher = {Dagestaiskij filial akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Godoberinskij jazyk: grammaticheskij ocherk, teksty, slovar'}, year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib6445, +@incollection{bib6469, author = {Saint, R. and Pike, K. L.}, editor = {Elson, B.}, booktitle = {no booktitle Studies in Ecuadorian Indian Languages}, @@ -57669,7 +57889,7 @@ @incollection{bib6445 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib6446, +@incollection{bib6470, author = {Saito, Hisafumi}, editor = {Yoshida, Shuji and Toyoda, Yukio}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -57681,13 +57901,13 @@ @incollection{bib6446 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib6447, +@misc{bib6471, author = {Sakel, Jeanette}, title = {A Grammar of Mosetén}, year = {2002} } -@book{bib6448, +@book{bib6472, author = {Sakel, Jeanette}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -57696,7 +57916,7 @@ @book{bib6448 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6449, +@book{bib6473, author = {Sakel, Jeanette}, editor = {Crevels and Mily and et al.}, pages = {287-305}, @@ -57707,7 +57927,7 @@ @book{bib6449 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib6450, +@incollection{bib6474, author = {Sakel, Jeannette}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 1: Ámbito Andino}, @@ -57720,7 +57940,7 @@ @incollection{bib6450 year = {2009} } -@article{bib6451, +@article{bib6475, author = {Sakiyama, Osamu}, journal = {Gekkan Gengo}, local_ids = {91380}, @@ -57733,7 +57953,7 @@ @article{bib6451 volume = {28} } -@book{bib6452, +@book{bib6476, author = {Sakthivel, S.}, address = {Annamalainagar}, publisher = {Annamalai University}, @@ -57741,7 +57961,7 @@ @book{bib6452 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib6453, +@incollection{bib6477, author = {Sala, Gabriel}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -57751,7 +57971,7 @@ @incollection{bib6453 year = {2002 [1929]} } -@incollection{bib6454, +@incollection{bib6478, author = {Sala, Gabriel}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -57761,7 +57981,7 @@ @incollection{bib6454 year = {2002 [1929]} } -@incollection{bib6455, +@incollection{bib6479, author = {Sala, Gabriel}, editor = {Izaguirre, Bernardino}, booktitle = {Producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros tomos XIII, XIV Historia de las misiones franciscanas y narración de los progresos de la geografía en el oriente del Perú: relatos originales y producciones en lenguas indígenas de varios misioneros}, @@ -57771,7 +57991,7 @@ @incollection{bib6455 year = {2002 [1929]} } -@article{bib6456, +@article{bib6480, author = {Sala, Antonio Maria}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, pages = {393-429}, @@ -57780,13 +58000,13 @@ @article{bib6456 year = {1920} } -@misc{bib6457, +@misc{bib6481, author = {Salamanca, D.}, title = {Elementos de Gramática del Miskito}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib6458, +@incollection{bib6482, author = {Hale, Ken and Salamanca, Danilo}, editor = {Frawley, Hill and Munro}, booktitle = {Making Dictionaries: Preserving indigenous Languages of the Americas}, @@ -57796,20 +58016,20 @@ @incollection{bib6458 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6459, +@book{bib6483, author = {Salami, A.}, publisher = {Iranian Academy of Persian Language and Literature.}, title = {Ganjineye guyeshshenasiye Fars [The treasury of the dialectology of Fars]}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6460, +@misc{bib6484, author = {Salanova, Andrés Pablo}, title = {A nasalidade me Mebengokre e Apinayé: o limite do vozeamento soante}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib6461, +@book{bib6485, author = {Salas, Adalberto}, publisher = {Editorial MAPFRE}, series = {Colección Lenguas y Literaturas Indıgenas}, @@ -57818,7 +58038,7 @@ @book{bib6461 year = {1992} } -@article{bib6462, +@article{bib6486, author = {Salas, A.}, journal = {Revista Andina}, number = {2}, @@ -57828,14 +58048,14 @@ @article{bib6462 year = {1992} } -@book{bib6463, +@book{bib6487, author = {Salas, Adalberto}, publisher = {Editorial de la Universidad de Concepción}, title = {Textos orales en mapuche o araucano del centro-sur de Chile}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib6464, +@incollection{bib6488, author = {Salas, Adalberto}, editor = {Kay, Mary Ritchie}, booktitle = {Language Change In South American Indian Languages}, @@ -57844,7 +58064,7 @@ @incollection{bib6464 year = {1991} } -@article{bib6465, +@article{bib6489, author = {Salathé, Georges}, journal = {Revista del Instituto de Etnología de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán}, pages = {297-316}, @@ -57853,14 +58073,14 @@ @article{bib6465 year = {1932} } -@book{bib6466, +@book{bib6490, author = {Saleh, Ali}, publisher = {Buske}, title = {Einführung in die komorische Sprache}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib6467, +@book{bib6491, author = {Salesiana, Missão}, address = {Cuiabá}, publisher = {Escolas Profissionaes Salesianas}, @@ -57868,7 +58088,7 @@ @book{bib6467 year = {1908} } -@misc{bib6468, +@misc{bib6492, author = {Salido, Gabriela Garcia}, local_ids = {99393}, school = {The University of Texas at Austin}, @@ -57876,7 +58096,7 @@ @misc{bib6468 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib6469, +@misc{bib6493, author = {Lüpke, Friederike and Gueye, Mathieu and Sall, Moustapha}, institution = {Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen}, local_ids = {88639}, @@ -57886,7 +58106,7 @@ @misc{bib6469 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6470, +@misc{bib6494, author = {Sall, Adjaratou}, local_ids = {24633}, title = {"Documentation of Bedik" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57894,7 +58114,7 @@ @misc{bib6470 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6471, +@misc{bib6495, author = {Sall, Adjaratou}, institution = {Institut Dondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN)}, local_ids = {89280}, @@ -57904,7 +58124,7 @@ @misc{bib6471 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6472, +@misc{bib6496, author = {Sallabank, Julia}, local_ids = {24744}, title = {"Indigenous language documentation in Guernsey, Channel Islands" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57912,7 +58132,7 @@ @misc{bib6472 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib6473, +@incollection{bib6497, author = {Salminen, Tapani}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Language Diversity Endangered}, @@ -57925,7 +58145,7 @@ @incollection{bib6473 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6474, +@incollection{bib6498, author = {Salminen, Tapani}, editor = {Moseley, C.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -57938,7 +58158,7 @@ @incollection{bib6474 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib6475, +@misc{bib6499, author = {Salminen, Juha Janhunen; Tapani}, institution = {UNESCO}, local_ids = {90360}, @@ -57947,7 +58167,7 @@ @misc{bib6475 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib6476, +@misc{bib6500, author = {Salminen, Tapani}, local_ids = {24850}, title = {Tundra Nenets Grammar - HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57955,7 +58175,7 @@ @misc{bib6476 year = {2003} } -@article{bib6477, +@article{bib6501, author = {Salser, J. K.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {74-79}, @@ -57964,7 +58184,7 @@ @article{bib6477 year = {1971} } -@book{bib6478, +@book{bib6502, author = {Salser, Neva and Morse, Nancy L. and Salser, J. K.}, address = {Bogotá}, pages = {v+495}, @@ -57973,7 +58193,7 @@ @book{bib6478 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib6479, +@misc{bib6503, author = {Saltanaviciute, Jurgita}, local_ids = {24840}, title = {"Preservation of Lakota Language: Translation of Songs and Speeches" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -57981,7 +58201,7 @@ @misc{bib6479 year = {2005} } -@article{bib6480, +@article{bib6504, author = {Salvador-Amores, Analyn V.}, journal = {Journal of History}, pages = {97-122}, @@ -57990,14 +58210,14 @@ @article{bib6480 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6481, +@book{bib6505, author = {Salzmann, Zdeněk}, publisher = {International Journal of American Linguistics.}, title = {Arapaho}, year = {1956-1967} } -@article{bib6482, +@article{bib6506, author = {Salzmann, Zdenek}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -58007,7 +58227,7 @@ @article{bib6482 year = {1956} } -@article{bib6483, +@article{bib6507, author = {Salzmann, Zdenek}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {209-223}, @@ -58016,7 +58236,7 @@ @article{bib6483 year = {1967} } -@book{bib6484, +@book{bib6508, author = {Samanez Flórez, David I.}, address = {Cusco}, pages = {235}, @@ -58025,7 +58245,7 @@ @book{bib6484 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib6485, +@incollection{bib6509, author = {Sammallahti, Pekka}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Uralic Languages}, @@ -58034,7 +58254,7 @@ @incollection{bib6485 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6486, +@book{bib6510, author = {Sammallahti, Pekka}, address = {Kárášjohka}, publisher = {Davvi Girji}, @@ -58042,7 +58262,7 @@ @book{bib6486 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6487, +@article{bib6511, author = {Sammons, Olivia}, journal = {Endangered Languages Documen-tation Programme abstract}, local_ids = {24717}, @@ -58051,14 +58271,14 @@ @article{bib6487 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib6488, +@misc{bib6512, author = {Sampaio, Wany Bernadete de Araujo}, pages = {94}, title = {Estudo comparativo sincrônico entre o Parintintin (Tenharim) e o Uru-eu-uau-uau (Amondava): contribuições para uma revisão na classificação das línguas Tupi-Kawahib}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib6489, +@article{bib6513, author = {Harris, Alice C. and Samuel, Arthur G.}, howpublished = {journal}, journal = {Language}, @@ -58073,7 +58293,7 @@ @article{bib6489 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6490, +@book{bib6514, author = {Sanchez A., Olga Castro G. and Binder, Reinaldo}, publisher = {Instituto Nacional de Cultura, Dirección del Patrimonio Histórico; Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, series = {Lenguas de Panama}, @@ -58082,7 +58302,7 @@ @book{bib6490 year = {1977} } -@book{bib6491, +@book{bib6515, author = {Sandalo, Filomena}, publisher = {Massachusetts Institute of TechnoIogy Press}, series = {MIT Working Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -58091,7 +58311,7 @@ @book{bib6491 year = {1997} } -@article{bib6492, +@article{bib6516, author = {Nonato, Rafael and Sandalo, Filomena}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi: Ciências Humanas}, number = {2}, @@ -58101,7 +58321,7 @@ @article{bib6492 year = {2007} } -@article{bib6493, +@article{bib6517, author = {Sandberg, Clive D.}, journal = {Série Lingüística}, number = {2}, @@ -58111,7 +58331,7 @@ @article{bib6493 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib6494, +@incollection{bib6518, author = {Sandefur, John R. and Jentian, David N.}, editor = {Hudson, Joyce}, booktitle = {Five papers in Australian phonologies Work Papers of SIL-AAB, Series A}, @@ -58122,7 +58342,7 @@ @incollection{bib6494 year = {1977} } -@misc{bib6495, +@misc{bib6519, author = {Sanders, Arden G. and Sanders, Joy}, local_ids = {98954}, title = {Kamasau (Wand Tuan) Grammar: Morpheme to Sentence}, @@ -58130,7 +58350,7 @@ @misc{bib6495 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib6496, +@incollection{bib6520, author = {Sandonato, Marie}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation Benjamins}, pages = {125-142}, @@ -58138,19 +58358,19 @@ @incollection{bib6496 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib6497, +@misc{bib6521, author = {Sands, Anna K.}, title = {A Grammar of Garadjari, Western Australia}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib6498, +@misc{bib6522, author = {Sands, Bonny}, title = {Evaluating Claims of Distant Relationship}, year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6499, +@incollection{bib6523, author = {Sands, Bonny}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer}, booktitle = {The Khoesan Languages}, @@ -58159,7 +58379,7 @@ @incollection{bib6499 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib6500, +@incollection{bib6524, author = {Sands, Bonny}, editor = {Brenzinger, M. and König, C.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -58171,7 +58391,7 @@ @incollection{bib6500 year = {2005} } -@book{bib6501, +@book{bib6525, author = {Maho, Jouni F. and Sands, Bonny}, address = {Göteborg}, publisher = {Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis}, @@ -58181,7 +58401,7 @@ @book{bib6501 year = {2003} } -@article{bib6502, +@article{bib6526, author = {Sands, Bonny and Maddieson, Ian and Ladefoged, Peter}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, pages = {171-204}, @@ -58190,7 +58410,7 @@ @article{bib6502 year = {1996} } -@phdthesis{bib6503, +@phdthesis{bib6527, author = {Sangdong, David}, local_ids = {96200}, month = {February}, @@ -58200,7 +58420,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib6503 year = {2012} } -@book{bib6504, +@book{bib6528, author = {Seung, Seung Kim and Kim, Amy and Ahmad, Sayed and Sangma, Mridul}, publisher = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, title = {The Santali Cluster in Bangladesh: A Sociolinguistic Survey}, @@ -58208,7 +58428,7 @@ @book{bib6504 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6505, +@misc{bib6529, author = {Sans, Pierric}, local_ids = {24658}, title = {"Documentation of Bésiro, the endangered language of the Chiquitano people of Lowland Bolivia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -58216,25 +58436,25 @@ @misc{bib6505 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6506, +@misc{bib6530, author = {Santacruz, Maria Alfonsa Larios}, title = {Sistema de alineamiento en construcciones bitransitivas de la lengua de los Comcáac de Punta Chueca, Sonora}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6507, +@misc{bib6531, author = {Santana, Guillermo Hernández}, title = {Ox ctpacáama he ... Hant tiix comcáac (Así empezó ...): Propuesta de revitalización del comcáac}, year = {2011} } -@misc{bib6508, +@misc{bib6532, author = {Santana, Áurea Cavalcante}, title = {Transnacionalidade lingüística: a língua Chiquitano no Brasil}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib6509, +@article{bib6533, author = {Santandrea, S.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {103-112}, @@ -58243,7 +58463,7 @@ @article{bib6509 year = {1964} } -@article{bib6510, +@article{bib6534, author = {Santandrea, S.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, number = {2}, @@ -58253,7 +58473,7 @@ @article{bib6510 year = {1953} } -@book{bib6511, +@book{bib6535, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Roma}, publisher = {Sodality of St.~Peter}, @@ -58261,7 +58481,7 @@ @book{bib6511 year = {1963} } -@book{bib6512, +@book{bib6536, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Bologna}, chapter = {VII. Binga Kara Yulu}, @@ -58272,7 +58492,7 @@ @book{bib6512 year = {1964} } -@book{bib6513, +@book{bib6537, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Verona}, publisher = {Missioni Africane}, @@ -58282,7 +58502,7 @@ @book{bib6513 year = {1948} } -@book{bib6514, +@book{bib6538, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Rome}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -58294,7 +58514,7 @@ @book{bib6514 year = {1970} } -@article{bib6515, +@article{bib6539, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, pages = {25-38}, @@ -58303,7 +58523,7 @@ @article{bib6515 year = {1956} } -@book{bib6516, +@book{bib6540, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Verona}, publisher = {Missioni Africane}, @@ -58313,7 +58533,7 @@ @book{bib6516 year = {1950} } -@article{bib6517, +@article{bib6541, author = {Santandrea, S.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {61-78}, @@ -58322,7 +58542,7 @@ @article{bib6517 year = {1958} } -@article{bib6518, +@article{bib6542, author = {Santandrea, S.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {161-179}, @@ -58331,7 +58551,7 @@ @article{bib6518 year = {1933} } -@article{bib6519, +@article{bib6543, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, pages = {196-234}, @@ -58340,7 +58560,7 @@ @article{bib6519 year = {1966} } -@book{bib6520, +@book{bib6544, author = {Santandrea, Stefano}, address = {Verona}, publisher = {Missioni Africane}, @@ -58350,7 +58570,7 @@ @book{bib6520 year = {1950} } -@article{bib6521, +@article{bib6545, author = {Santandrea, S.}, journal = {Sudan Notes and Records}, pages = {147-152}, @@ -58359,7 +58579,7 @@ @article{bib6521 year = {1962} } -@book{bib6522, +@book{bib6546, author = {Santos, R.}, publisher = {Centre de Linguistique Appliquée de Dakar}, series = {Les Langues Africaines au Senegal}, @@ -58368,14 +58588,14 @@ @book{bib6522 year = {1977} } -@book{bib6523, +@book{bib6547, author = {Sanzheev, G. D. et al.}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo vostochnoj literatury}, title = {Grammatika burjatskogo jazyka: Fonetika i Morfologia}, year = {1962} } -@book{bib6524, +@book{bib6548, author = {Sanzheev, G. D.}, address = {Moskva}, publisher = {Izdatel'stvo Vostochnoj Literatury}, @@ -58383,7 +58603,7 @@ @book{bib6524 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib6525, +@incollection{bib6549, author = {Sapir, Edward and Golla, Victor}, editor = {Golla, Victor and O'Neill, Sean}, booktitle = {The Collected Works of Edward Sapir. Volume 14: Northwest California Linguistics}, @@ -58391,14 +58611,14 @@ @incollection{bib6525 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6526, +@book{bib6550, author = {Sapir, Edward and Swadesh, Morris}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, title = {Nootka Texts: Tales and Ethnological Narratives, with Grammatical Notes and Lexical Materials}, year = {1939} } -@book{bib6527, +@book{bib6551, author = {Sapir, Edward}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {The Collected Works of Edward Sapir}, @@ -58407,7 +58627,7 @@ @book{bib6527 year = {1992} } -@article{bib6528, +@article{bib6552, author = {Sapir, Edward}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Society of Arts and Sciences}, pages = {1-3}, @@ -58416,7 +58636,7 @@ @article{bib6528 year = {1930} } -@article{bib6529, +@article{bib6553, author = {Sapir, Edward}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -58426,7 +58646,7 @@ @article{bib6529 year = {1920} } -@article{bib6530, +@article{bib6554, author = {Sapir, Edward}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {3}, @@ -58436,7 +58656,7 @@ @article{bib6530 year = {1915} } -@book{bib6531, +@book{bib6555, author = {Sapir, Edward and Hoijer, Harry}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -58445,7 +58665,7 @@ @book{bib6531 year = {1967} } -@article{bib6532, +@article{bib6556, author = {Sapir, Edward}, journal = {University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology}, pages = {1-34}, @@ -58454,13 +58674,13 @@ @article{bib6532 year = {1917} } -@misc{bib6533, +@misc{bib6557, author = {Sapkota, Suren}, title = {A sketch grammar of Jhangar}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib6534, +@article{bib6558, author = {Sapkota, Suren}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98249}, @@ -58471,7 +58691,7 @@ @article{bib6534 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6535, +@article{bib6559, author = {Sara Shneiderman and Turin, Mark}, journal = {Studies in Nepali History and Society}, title = {Revisiting Ethnography, Recognizing a Forgotten People: The Thangmi of Nepal and India}, @@ -58479,7 +58699,7 @@ @article{bib6535 year = {2006} } -@book{bib6536, +@book{bib6560, author = {Saratchandra Singh, Naorem}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -58487,7 +58707,7 @@ @book{bib6536 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6537, +@incollection{bib6561, author = {Sarawit, Mary}, editor = {Gething, T.W. and Liem, Nguyen Dang}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -58499,7 +58719,7 @@ @incollection{bib6537 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6538, +@book{bib6562, author = {Sarhimaa, Anneli}, editor = {Laakso, Johanna}, publisher = {Research consortium ELDIA}, @@ -58509,7 +58729,7 @@ @book{bib6538 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6539, +@incollection{bib6563, author = {Basu, B. K. and Sarkar, B. N.}, editor = {Pandit, T. N. and Sarkar, B. N.}, booktitle = {Andaman and Nicobar Islands People of India}, @@ -58520,7 +58740,7 @@ @incollection{bib6539 year = {1994} } -@article{bib6540, +@article{bib6564, author = {Sarkar, S. S.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {670-677}, @@ -58529,7 +58749,7 @@ @article{bib6540 year = {1963} } -@phdthesis{bib6541, +@phdthesis{bib6565, author = {Sarmah, Priyankoo}, local_ids = {98315}, pages = {158}, @@ -58539,14 +58759,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib6541 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6542, +@book{bib6566, author = {Sasse, H.-J.}, publisher = {Buske}, title = {An etymological dictionary of Burji}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6543, +@incollection{bib6567, author = {Sasse, Hans-Jürgen}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {East Lansing, Michigan}, @@ -58558,7 +58778,7 @@ @incollection{bib6543 year = {1976} } -@article{bib6544, +@article{bib6568, author = {Sasse, Hans-Jürgen}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {2}, @@ -58568,7 +58788,7 @@ @article{bib6544 year = {1974} } -@book{bib6545, +@book{bib6569, author = {Sastry, G. Devi Prasada}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -58578,7 +58798,7 @@ @book{bib6545 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib6546, +@incollection{bib6570, author = {Sat, S. C.}, editor = {Baskakov, N. A.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 2: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -58587,14 +58807,14 @@ @incollection{bib6546 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib6547, +@misc{bib6571, author = {Sato, Hiro}, title = {Bebeli Documentation}, url = {https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/34526}, year = {2015} } -@book{bib6548, +@book{bib6572, author = {Sato, Hiroko}, local_ids = {99679}, month = {December}, @@ -58605,7 +58825,7 @@ @book{bib6548 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6549, +@misc{bib6573, author = {Sato, Hiroko}, local_ids = {99198}, month = {May 6}, @@ -58614,7 +58834,7 @@ @misc{bib6549 year = {2016} } -@book{bib6550, +@book{bib6574, author = {Davis, P. W. and Saunders, R.}, publisher = {University of Montana}, series = {University of Montana Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -58623,14 +58843,14 @@ @book{bib6550 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6551, +@book{bib6575, author = {Sauvel, Katherine Siva and Munro, Pamela}, publisher = {American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles}, title = {Chem'ivillu' (Let's Speak Cahuilla)}, year = {1981} } -@article{bib6552, +@article{bib6576, author = {Sauzey, M.}, journal = {La Géographie}, pages = {24-32}, @@ -58639,20 +58859,20 @@ @article{bib6552 year = {1926} } -@book{bib6553, +@book{bib6577, author = {Savidge, Fred W.}, publisher = {Pioneer Press}, title = {A grammar and dictionary of the Lakher language}, year = {1908} } -@misc{bib6554, +@misc{bib6578, author = {Savolainen, Leena}, title = {Interrogatives and Negatives in Finnish Sign Language: An overview}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib6555, +@article{bib6579, author = {Savà, Graziano and Tosco, Mauro}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Studies in African linguistics}, @@ -58664,7 +58884,7 @@ @article{bib6555 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6556, +@incollection{bib6580, author = {Savà, Graziano}, editor = {Busetto, Luca and Sottile, Roberto and Tonelli, Livia and Tosco, Mauro}, address = {Milan}, @@ -58676,7 +58896,7 @@ @incollection{bib6556 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6557, +@incollection{bib6581, author = {Savà, Graziano}, editor = {Janse, Mark and Tol, Sijmen}, address = {Amsterdam & Philadelphia}, @@ -58690,7 +58910,7 @@ @incollection{bib6557 year = {2003} } -@book{bib6558, +@book{bib6582, author = {Sawadogo, Tasséré}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {76123}, @@ -58703,14 +58923,14 @@ @book{bib6558 year = {2003} } -@book{bib6559, +@book{bib6583, author = {Sawyer, Jesse O.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {English-Wappo Vocabulary}, year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib6560, +@incollection{bib6584, author = {Sawyer, Jesse O.}, editor = {Klar, Kathryn and Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {American Indian and Indoeuropean Studies: Papers in Honor of Madison S.~Beeler}, @@ -58719,7 +58939,7 @@ @incollection{bib6560 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib6561, +@incollection{bib6585, author = {Sawyer, Jesse O.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -58730,7 +58950,7 @@ @incollection{bib6561 year = {1978} } -@article{bib6562, +@article{bib6586, author = {Saxena, Rajeev and Walling, Alemmenla}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99689}, @@ -58741,7 +58961,7 @@ @article{bib6562 year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib6563, +@incollection{bib6587, author = {Saxena, Anju}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Bond, Oliver and Nathan, David and Marten, Lutz}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Conference on Language Documentation & Linguistic Theory 3}, @@ -58750,14 +58970,14 @@ @incollection{bib6563 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6564, +@book{bib6588, author = {Saxton, Dean and Saxton, Lucille compilers}, publisher = {The University of Arizona Press}, title = {Dictionary Papago and Pima to English, English to Papago and Pima}, year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib6565, +@incollection{bib6589, author = {Saxton, Dean}, editor = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, booktitle = {Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 3: Uto-Aztecan grammatical sketches}, @@ -58768,7 +58988,7 @@ @incollection{bib6565 year = {1982} } -@article{bib6566, +@article{bib6590, author = {Saxton, Dean}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {29-35}, @@ -58777,7 +58997,7 @@ @article{bib6566 year = {1963} } -@incollection{bib6567, +@incollection{bib6591, author = {Sayers, Barbara J. and Godfrey, Marie}, editor = {Oates, W. J.}, booktitle = {Gugu-Yalanji and Wik-Munkan Language Studies}, @@ -58786,7 +59006,7 @@ @incollection{bib6567 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib6568, +@incollection{bib6592, author = {Scancarelli, Janine}, editor = {Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine}, address = {Lincoln}, @@ -58797,13 +59017,13 @@ @incollection{bib6568 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib6569, +@misc{bib6593, author = {Scancarelli, Janine}, title = {Grammatical Relations and Verb Agreement in Cherokee}, year = {1987} } -@article{bib6570, +@article{bib6594, author = {Scancarelli, Janine}, journal = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society}, pages = {224-234}, @@ -58812,7 +59032,7 @@ @article{bib6570 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6571, +@book{bib6595, author = {Scebold, Robert A.}, address = {Manila}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -58825,13 +59045,13 @@ @book{bib6571 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib6572, +@misc{bib6596, author = {Schackow, Diana}, title = {A grammar of Yakkha}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib6573, +@book{bib6597, author = {Schackow, Diana}, publisher = {Language Science Press}, series = {Studies in Diversity Linguistics}, @@ -58841,14 +59061,14 @@ @book{bib6573 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6574, +@book{bib6598, author = {Schackow, Diana}, publisher = {Working paper, Universität Leipzig.}, title = {Aspects of Yakkha Grammar}, year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6575, +@misc{bib6599, author = {Schackow, Diana}, local_ids = {24629}, title = {"Documentation and grammatical description of Yakkha, Nepal" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -58856,7 +59076,7 @@ @misc{bib6575 year = {2012} } -@book{bib6576, +@book{bib6600, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, address = {Hamburg}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -58869,7 +59089,7 @@ @book{bib6576 year = {1981} } -@book{bib6577, +@book{bib6601, author = {Schadeberg, Thilo C.}, address = {Hamburg}, copied_from = {WALS}, @@ -58879,7 +59099,7 @@ @book{bib6577 year = {1981} } -@article{bib6578, +@article{bib6602, author = {Schaden, Francisco S. G.}, journal = {Revista de Antropologia (São Paulo)}, number = {2}, @@ -58889,14 +59109,14 @@ @article{bib6578 year = {1958} } -@book{bib6579, +@book{bib6603, author = {Schapansky, Nathalie S. M.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Negation, referentiality and boundedness in Gwenenedeg Breton}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib6580, +@article{bib6604, author = {Schapera, I.}, journal = {South African Journal of Science}, pages = {833-866}, @@ -58905,14 +59125,14 @@ @article{bib6580 year = {1926} } -@book{bib6581, +@book{bib6605, author = {Eilers, Wilhelm and Schapka, Ulrich}, publisher = {F. Steiner}, title = {Westiranische Mundarten aus der Sammlung Wilhelm Eilers II: Die Mundart von Gäz}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib6582, +@incollection{bib6606, author = {Schapper, Antoinette}, editor = {McWilliam, Andrew and Traube, Elizabeth G.}, booktitle = {Land and Life in Timor-Leste: Ethnographic Essays}, @@ -58924,7 +59144,7 @@ @incollection{bib6582 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6583, +@incollection{bib6607, author = {Schapper, Antoinette}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, @@ -58935,14 +59155,14 @@ @incollection{bib6583 year = {2014} } -@book{bib6584, +@book{bib6608, author = {Schauber, Ellen}, publisher = {Garland Publishing}, title = {The Syntax and Semantics of Questions in Navajo}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib6585, +@incollection{bib6609, author = {Schauer, S. and Schauer, J.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -58951,7 +59171,7 @@ @incollection{bib6585 year = {2000} } -@article{bib6586, +@article{bib6610, author = {Schauer, Stanley and Schauer, Junia G.}, journal = {Artıculos en Lingüıstica y Campos Afines}, pages = {1-52}, @@ -58960,7 +59180,7 @@ @article{bib6586 year = {1958} } -@article{bib6587, +@article{bib6611, author = {Schauer, Stanley and Schauer, Junia G.}, journal = {Artículos en Lingüística y Campos Afines}, pages = {1-52}, @@ -58969,7 +59189,7 @@ @article{bib6587 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib6588, +@incollection{bib6612, author = {Schauer, Stanley and Schauer, Junia G.}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola}, booktitle = {Phonemic systems of Colombian languages Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -58980,7 +59200,7 @@ @incollection{bib6588 year = {1967} } -@book{bib6589, +@book{bib6613, author = {Schebeck, Bernhard}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series D}, @@ -58989,7 +59209,7 @@ @book{bib6589 year = {1974} } -@article{bib6590, +@article{bib6614, author = {Schebesta, Paul}, journal = {Wiener Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik}, pages = {426-451}, @@ -58998,7 +59218,7 @@ @article{bib6590 year = {1952} } -@article{bib6591, +@article{bib6615, author = {Schebesta, P.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {4}, @@ -59008,7 +59228,7 @@ @article{bib6591 year = {1928} } -@article{bib6592, +@article{bib6616, author = {Schebesta, P.}, journal = {Zaïre}, number = {2}, @@ -59018,7 +59238,7 @@ @article{bib6592 year = {1949} } -@misc{bib6593, +@misc{bib6617, author = {Kusmenko, Jurij and Rießler, Michael and Scheller, Elisabeth}, local_ids = {88098}, title = {"Kola Sámi" DoBES Project}, @@ -59026,7 +59246,7 @@ @misc{bib6593 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6594, +@incollection{bib6618, author = {Scheller, Elisabeth}, editor = {Andersson, Kajsa}, booktitle = {L’Image du Sápmi II: études comparées / textes réunis par Kajsa Andersson. Humanistica Oerebroensia}, @@ -59039,13 +59259,13 @@ @incollection{bib6594 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6595, +@misc{bib6619, author = {Schermair, Anselmo}, title = {Gramática de la Lengua Sirionó}, year = {1949} } -@book{bib6596, +@book{bib6620, author = {Schils, G. H.}, address = {Louvain}, publisher = {Imprimerie Lefever Frères & Sœur}, @@ -59053,7 +59273,7 @@ @book{bib6596 year = {1891} } -@article{bib6597, +@article{bib6621, author = {Schlabach, Raymond A. and Levinsohn, Stephen H.}, journal = {America Indigena}, pages = {155-169}, @@ -59062,13 +59282,13 @@ @article{bib6597 year = {1983} } -@misc{bib6598, +@misc{bib6622, author = {Schleicher, C. O.}, title = {Comparative and Internal Reconstruction of the Tupi-Guarani Languages Family}, year = {1998} } -@book{bib6599, +@book{bib6623, author = {Schlichter, Alice}, address = {Berkeley}, publisher = {University of California}, @@ -59078,14 +59298,14 @@ @book{bib6599 year = {1981} } -@book{bib6600, +@book{bib6624, author = {Schliesinger, Joachim}, publisher = {White Lotus Press}, title = {Profile of Austro-Asiatic-Speaking Peoples}, year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6601, +@incollection{bib6625, author = {Schmaling, Constanze}, editor = {Dively, Valerie L.}, address = {Washington DC}, @@ -59098,7 +59318,7 @@ @incollection{bib6601 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6602, +@book{bib6626, author = {Schmaling, Constanze}, isbn = {3927731706}, local_ids = {98470}, @@ -59107,7 +59327,7 @@ @book{bib6602 year = {2001} } -@article{bib6603, +@article{bib6627, author = {Schmid, Randolph E.}, journal = {The Christian Science Monitor}, local_ids = {89580}, @@ -59117,14 +59337,14 @@ @article{bib6603 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6604, +@book{bib6628, author = {Schmid, Theophilus}, publisher = {Coni Bros}, title = {Two Linguistic Treatises on the Patagonian or Tehuelche Language}, year = {1910} } -@incollection{bib6605, +@incollection{bib6629, author = {Schmid, Theophilus}, editor = {Lehmann-Nitsche, Robert}, booktitle = {Actas des XVIIo congreso internacional de americanistas: Sesión de Buenos Aires 17-23 de mayo 1910}, @@ -59133,7 +59353,7 @@ @incollection{bib6605 year = {1912} } -@article{bib6606, +@article{bib6630, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Baessler-Archiv}, pages = {251-283}, @@ -59142,7 +59362,7 @@ @article{bib6606 year = {1914} } -@article{bib6607, +@article{bib6631, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Baessler Archiv: Beiträge zur Völkerkunde}, pages = {167-250}, @@ -59151,7 +59371,7 @@ @article{bib6607 year = {1914} } -@misc{bib6608, +@misc{bib6632, author = {Schmidt, Hans}, local_ids = {24703}, title = {Documentation of the Qatareu language, Lakona Bay, Gaua Island, Vanuatu" HLREP Abstract}, @@ -59159,7 +59379,7 @@ @misc{bib6608 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6609, +@book{bib6633, author = {Schmidt, Max}, address = {São Paulo}, publisher = {Companhia Editora Nacional}, @@ -59169,7 +59389,7 @@ @book{bib6609 year = {1942} } -@article{bib6610, +@article{bib6634, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Ethnologie}, number = {4}, @@ -59179,7 +59399,7 @@ @article{bib6610 year = {1903} } -@article{bib6611, +@article{bib6635, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {4}, @@ -59189,7 +59409,7 @@ @article{bib6611 year = {1941} } -@article{bib6612, +@article{bib6636, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, pages = {158-190}, @@ -59198,7 +59418,7 @@ @article{bib6612 year = {1936} } -@article{bib6613, +@article{bib6637, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {6}, @@ -59208,7 +59428,7 @@ @article{bib6613 year = {1942} } -@article{bib6614, +@article{bib6638, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {6}, @@ -59218,7 +59438,7 @@ @article{bib6614 year = {1942} } -@article{bib6615, +@article{bib6639, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, number = {6}, @@ -59228,7 +59448,7 @@ @article{bib6615 year = {1942} } -@incollection{bib6616, +@incollection{bib6640, author = {Schmidt, Karl Horst}, editor = {Harris, Alice C.}, address = {New York}, @@ -59240,7 +59460,7 @@ @incollection{bib6616 year = {1991} } -@article{bib6617, +@article{bib6641, author = {Schmidt, Max}, journal = {Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay}, pages = {73-97}, @@ -59249,7 +59469,7 @@ @article{bib6617 year = {1940} } -@book{bib6618, +@book{bib6642, author = {Schmidt, Joseph}, pages = {307}, publisher = {Anthropos Institut}, @@ -59259,7 +59479,7 @@ @book{bib6618 year = {1953} } -@article{bib6619, +@article{bib6643, author = {Schmidt, Wilhelm}, journal = {WZKM}, pages = {330-343}, @@ -59268,7 +59488,7 @@ @article{bib6619 year = {1899} } -@article{bib6620, +@article{bib6644, author = {Schmitz, Carl A.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {27-56}, @@ -59277,7 +59497,7 @@ @article{bib6620 year = {1959} } -@misc{bib6621, +@misc{bib6645, author = {Schneeberg, Nan}, local_ids = {98327}, school = {University of Indiana}, @@ -59285,33 +59505,33 @@ @misc{bib6621 year = {1974} } -@book{bib6622, +@book{bib6646, author = {Schneider, Lucien}, publisher = {Les Presses de l'Université Laval}, title = {An Inuktitut-English Dictionary of Northern Quebec, Labrador and Eastern Arctic Dialects}, year = {1985} } -@misc{bib6623, +@misc{bib6647, author = {Schoebelen, Tyler}, title = {Classifying Shabo}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6624, +@misc{bib6648, author = {Schoebelen, Tyler}, title = {(Un)classifying Shabo}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib6625, +@book{bib6649, author = {Schoenhals, Alvin and Schoenhals, Louise C.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Mixe de Totontepec}, year = {1965} } -@misc{bib6626, +@misc{bib6650, author = {Schokkin, Gerda Hendrike}, local_ids = {99453}, school = {James Cook University}, @@ -59320,7 +59540,7 @@ @misc{bib6626 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib6627, +@incollection{bib6651, author = {Schokkin, Dineke}, editor = {Austin, Peter K. and Gawne, Lauren}, address = {London}, @@ -59335,7 +59555,7 @@ @incollection{bib6627 year = {2018} } -@book{bib6628, +@book{bib6652, author = {School, One Arm Point}, address = {Broome, WA}, local_ids = {89160}, @@ -59346,7 +59566,7 @@ @book{bib6628 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6629, +@incollection{bib6653, author = {Schottelndreyer, Burkhard and Schottelndreyer, Heiderose}, editor = {Hale, Austin}, booktitle = {Clause, Sentence, and Discourse Patterns in Selected Languages of Nepal 3: Texts}, @@ -59355,7 +59575,7 @@ @incollection{bib6629 year = {1973} } -@article{bib6630, +@article{bib6654, author = {Schubert, J.}, journal = {Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung}, pages = {295-350}, @@ -59364,7 +59584,7 @@ @article{bib6630 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib6631, +@misc{bib6655, author = {Schuelke, Peter}, local_ids = {99702}, school = {University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa}, @@ -59373,7 +59593,7 @@ @misc{bib6631 year = {2020} } -@book{bib6632, +@book{bib6656, author = {Schuh, Russell}, local_ids = {98374}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -59382,7 +59602,7 @@ @book{bib6632 year = {1981} } -@article{bib6633, +@article{bib6657, author = {Schuh, Russell G.}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, number = {2}, @@ -59392,7 +59612,7 @@ @article{bib6633 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib6634, +@misc{bib6658, author = {Schuh, Russell}, local_ids = {98376}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, @@ -59401,7 +59621,7 @@ @misc{bib6634 year = {1972} } -@article{bib6635, +@article{bib6659, author = {Schuh, Russell}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, local_ids = {98377}, @@ -59412,7 +59632,7 @@ @article{bib6635 year = {1978} } -@article{bib6636, +@article{bib6660, author = {Schuh, Russell Galen}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {UCLA (Univ. of California, Los Angeles) working papers in linguistics}, @@ -59423,7 +59643,7 @@ @article{bib6636 year = {2005} } -@article{bib6637, +@article{bib6661, author = {Schuh, Russell}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, local_ids = {98379}, @@ -59434,7 +59654,7 @@ @article{bib6637 year = {2001} } -@article{bib6638, +@article{bib6662, author = {Schuh, Russell G.}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, number = {1}, @@ -59444,7 +59664,7 @@ @article{bib6638 year = {1974} } -@article{bib6639, +@article{bib6663, author = {Schuh, Russell}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, local_ids = {98378}, @@ -59455,7 +59675,7 @@ @article{bib6639 year = {1981} } -@article{bib6640, +@article{bib6664, author = {Schuh, Russell}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, local_ids = {98375}, @@ -59466,7 +59686,7 @@ @article{bib6640 year = {1971} } -@misc{bib6641, +@misc{bib6665, author = {Schuh, Russell}, institution = {University of California at Los Angeles}, local_ids = {98373}, @@ -59475,7 +59695,7 @@ @misc{bib6641 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6642, +@misc{bib6666, author = {Schuh, Russell}, local_ids = {98385}, school = {University of California at Los Angeles}, @@ -59484,7 +59704,7 @@ @misc{bib6642 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib6643, +@incollection{bib6667, author = {Schuit, Joke}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World: A Comparative Handbook}, @@ -59497,7 +59717,7 @@ @incollection{bib6643 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib6644, +@incollection{bib6668, author = {Schuit, Joke}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -59509,13 +59729,13 @@ @incollection{bib6644 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib6645, +@misc{bib6669, author = {Schuit, Joke}, title = {Signs of the Arctic: Typological aspects of Inuit Sign Language}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib6646, +@misc{bib6670, author = {Schuit, Joke}, local_ids = {24851}, title = {"Typological aspects of Inuit Sign Language (Canada)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -59523,7 +59743,7 @@ @misc{bib6646 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6647, +@book{bib6671, author = {Schuller, R. R.}, address = {Santiago de Chile}, pages = {64}, @@ -59532,7 +59752,7 @@ @book{bib6647 year = {1907} } -@article{bib6648, +@article{bib6672, author = {Schuller, R.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {99-116, 463-484}, @@ -59541,7 +59761,7 @@ @article{bib6648 year = {1933} } -@article{bib6649, +@article{bib6673, author = {Schultz, H. and Chiara, Vilma}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista (Nova Série)}, pages = {181-202}, @@ -59550,7 +59770,7 @@ @article{bib6649 year = {1955} } -@article{bib6650, +@article{bib6674, author = {Schultz, H.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista, N. S.}, pages = {315-332}, @@ -59559,7 +59779,7 @@ @article{bib6650 year = {1961} } -@article{bib6651, +@article{bib6675, author = {Schultz, H.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista, N. S.}, pages = {75-314}, @@ -59568,7 +59788,7 @@ @article{bib6651 year = {1961} } -@article{bib6652, +@article{bib6676, author = {Schultz, Harald}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista, N.S.}, pages = {109-132}, @@ -59577,7 +59797,7 @@ @article{bib6652 year = {1959} } -@article{bib6653, +@article{bib6677, author = {Schultz, Harald}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {81-137}, @@ -59586,7 +59806,7 @@ @article{bib6653 year = {1952} } -@article{bib6654, +@article{bib6678, author = {Schultz, Harold}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {81-97}, @@ -59595,21 +59815,21 @@ @article{bib6654 year = {1955} } -@book{bib6655, +@book{bib6679, author = {Schultz-Lorentzen, C.}, publisher = {C. A. Reitzels}, title = {A Grammar of the West Greenlandic Language}, year = {1945} } -@book{bib6656, +@book{bib6680, author = {Schultze, Leonhard}, publisher = {Gustav Fischer}, title = {Zur Kenntnis der melanesischen Sprache von der Insel Tumleo}, year = {1911} } -@incollection{bib6657, +@incollection{bib6681, author = {Schultze-Berndt, Eva}, editor = {Voeltz, F.K. Erhard and Kilian-Hatz, Christa}, address = {Amsterdam & Philadelphia}, @@ -59623,19 +59843,19 @@ @incollection{bib6657 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib6658, +@misc{bib6682, author = {Schultze-Berndt, Eva}, title = {Simple and complex verbs in Jaminjung: A study of event categorisation in an Australian language}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib6659, +@misc{bib6683, author = {Schulze, Wolfgang}, title = {A Functional Grammar of Udi}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6660, +@misc{bib6684, author = {Schulze, Wolfgang}, pages = {1 - 34}, title = {Caucasian Albanian and the Question of Language and Ethnicity}, @@ -59643,14 +59863,14 @@ @misc{bib6660 year = {2017} } -@book{bib6661, +@book{bib6685, author = {Schulze, Wolfgang}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Die Sprache der Uden in Nord-Azerbajdzan}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib6662, +@book{bib6686, author = {Schulze, Wolfgang}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -59660,7 +59880,7 @@ @book{bib6662 year = {2000} } -@book{bib6663, +@book{bib6687, author = {Schulze, Wolfgang}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -59670,7 +59890,7 @@ @book{bib6663 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib6664, +@incollection{bib6688, author = {Schulze-Fürhoff, Wolfgang}, editor = {Smeets, Rieks}, booktitle = {The Indigenous Languages of the Caucasus 4 (part 2)}, @@ -59679,13 +59899,13 @@ @incollection{bib6664 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib6665, +@misc{bib6689, author = {Schuster, Ronald J.}, title = {Chippewa Language Dictionary: Red Lake and Pillager Bands Dialect}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib6666, +@book{bib6690, author = {Schuster, Meinhard}, address = {München}, publisher = {Klaus Renner}, @@ -59695,7 +59915,7 @@ @book{bib6666 year = {1976} } -@book{bib6667, +@book{bib6691, author = {Schuster-Sewc, H.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {LINCOM Studies in Slavic Linguistics}, @@ -59704,7 +59924,7 @@ @book{bib6667 year = {1996} } -@article{bib6668, +@article{bib6692, author = {Schutz, Albert J.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -59714,7 +59934,7 @@ @article{bib6668 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib6669, +@incollection{bib6693, author = {Schwartz, Linda and Dunnigan, Timothy}, editor = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, booktitle = {Pronominal Systems}, @@ -59723,7 +59943,7 @@ @incollection{bib6669 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6670, +@incollection{bib6694, author = {Schwegler, Armin}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -59736,13 +59956,13 @@ @incollection{bib6670 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib6671, +@misc{bib6695, author = {Schweitzer, Marjorie M.}, title = {A provisional analysis of Seri, a native language of Sonora, Mexico}, year = {1953} } -@incollection{bib6672, +@incollection{bib6696, author = {Schönig, Claus}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Csató, Éva Á.}, booktitle = {The Turkic Languages}, @@ -59751,7 +59971,7 @@ @incollection{bib6672 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6673, +@book{bib6697, author = {Schürle and Georg and Karl}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {L.~Friederichsen}, @@ -59761,28 +59981,28 @@ @book{bib6673 year = {1912} } -@book{bib6674, +@book{bib6698, author = {Schürmann, C. W.}, publisher = {George Dehane}, title = {A Vocabulary of the Parnkala Language}, year = {1844} } -@misc{bib6675, +@misc{bib6699, author = {Scorza, David}, local_ids = {98942}, title = {Au dialect survey report}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib6676, +@book{bib6700, author = {Seaman, P. David}, publisher = {Northern Arizona University}, title = {Hopi Dictionary}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib6677, +@book{bib6701, author = {Seaman, P. David}, address = {Flagstaff, Arizona}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University}, @@ -59792,14 +60012,14 @@ @book{bib6677 year = {1996} } -@book{bib6678, +@book{bib6702, author = {Seaman, P. David}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University}, title = {Hopi dictionary: Hopi-English, English-Hopi with grammatical appendix}, year = {1996} } -@book{bib6679, +@book{bib6703, author = {Sebeok, Thomas A. and Ingemann, Frances J.}, publisher = {Indiana University and Mouton}, series = {Uralic and Altaic Series}, @@ -59808,7 +60028,7 @@ @book{bib6679 year = {1961} } -@book{bib6680, +@book{bib6704, author = {Sechidou, Irene}, isbn = {3862880311}, local_ids = {98109}, @@ -59817,7 +60037,7 @@ @book{bib6680 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6681, +@book{bib6705, author = {Seelwische, José}, address = {Asunción}, publisher = {"El Gráfico" S.~R.~L.}, @@ -59825,7 +60045,7 @@ @book{bib6681 year = {1975} } -@article{bib6682, +@article{bib6706, author = {Junker, P. and Wilkskamp, J. and Seelwische, J.}, journal = {Supplemento Antropológico}, pages = {159-248}, @@ -59834,13 +60054,13 @@ @article{bib6682 year = {1968} } -@misc{bib6683, +@misc{bib6707, author = {Seelwische, José}, title = {Manual de la lengua Nivaclé}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6684, +@incollection{bib6708, author = {Seglenmej, S. F.}, editor = {Nadeljaev, V. M.}, booktitle = {Fonetika Sibirskikh Jazykov}, @@ -59849,7 +60069,7 @@ @incollection{bib6684 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib6685, +@misc{bib6709, author = {Seguin, Lawrence}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, institution = {Ministry of Scientific and Technical Research and SIL, B.P.~1299, Yaoundé, Republic of Cameroon}, @@ -59858,7 +60078,7 @@ @misc{bib6685 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6686, +@article{bib6710, author = {Seid, Samson}, journal = {Leiden University 42nd Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics}, local_ids = {96880}, @@ -59867,13 +60087,13 @@ @article{bib6686 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib6687, +@misc{bib6711, author = {Seidel, Frank}, title = {A Yeyi Grammar (R.41)}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib6688, +@article{bib6712, author = {Seidel, A.}, journal = {ZAOS}, pages = {3-32}, @@ -59882,7 +60102,7 @@ @article{bib6688 year = {1896} } -@misc{bib6689, +@misc{bib6713, author = {Seidel, Frank}, local_ids = {24669}, title = {"Documentation of Nalu, Tristão islands, Guinea (Atlantic, Niger-Congo)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -59890,7 +60110,7 @@ @misc{bib6689 year = {2010} } -@article{bib6690, +@article{bib6714, author = {Seiden, W.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -59900,7 +60120,7 @@ @article{bib6690 year = {1960} } -@article{bib6691, +@article{bib6715, author = {Seifart, Frank}, journal = {nternational Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {98402}, @@ -59910,7 +60130,7 @@ @article{bib6691 year = {2012} } -@article{bib6692, +@article{bib6716, author = {Seifart, Frank and Echeverri, Juan Alvaro}, journal = {PloS}, local_ids = {98277}, @@ -59921,7 +60141,7 @@ @article{bib6692 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib6693, +@misc{bib6717, author = {Seifart, Frank}, local_ids = {99383}, month = {January}, @@ -59929,7 +60149,7 @@ @misc{bib6693 year = {2017} } -@article{bib6694, +@article{bib6718, author = {Fagua, Doris and Seifart, Frank}, journal = {Mundo Amazónico}, pages = {215-241}, @@ -59938,7 +60158,7 @@ @article{bib6694 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib6695, +@incollection{bib6719, author = {Boyeldieu, P. and Seignobos, C.}, editor = {Cabot, Jean and Caprile, Jean-Pierre}, address = {N'Djaména}, @@ -59950,7 +60170,7 @@ @incollection{bib6695 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib6696, +@incollection{bib6720, author = {Caprile, Jean-Pierre and Seignobos, C.}, address = {N'Djaména}, booktitle = {L'Homme et le milieu: Aspects du développement au Tchad I.~Rapports d'enquête 1973-1975 Annales de l'Université du Tchad Série I: Lettres, Langues Vivantes et Sciences Humaines}, @@ -59961,7 +60181,7 @@ @incollection{bib6696 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib6697, +@incollection{bib6721, author = {Lafarge, Francine and Seignobos, C.}, address = {N'Djaména}, booktitle = {L'Homme et le milieu: Aspects du développement au Tchad I.~Rapports d'enquête 1973-1975 Annales de l'Université du Tchad Série I: Lettres, Langues Vivantes et Sciences Humaines}, @@ -59972,7 +60192,7 @@ @incollection{bib6697 year = {1975} } -@article{bib6698, +@article{bib6722, author = {Durbin, M. and Seijas, H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -59982,7 +60202,7 @@ @article{bib6698 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib6699, +@incollection{bib6723, author = {Durbin, Marshall and Seijas, Haydée}, editor = {Cerulli, Ernesta and Della Ragione, Gilda}, address = {Genoa}, @@ -59994,7 +60214,7 @@ @incollection{bib6699 year = {1975} } -@article{bib6700, +@article{bib6724, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -60004,35 +60224,35 @@ @article{bib6700 year = {1965} } -@book{bib6701, +@book{bib6725, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob and Hioki, Kojiro}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {Cahuilla Dictionary}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib6702, +@book{bib6726, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {Cahuilla Grammar}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib6703, +@book{bib6727, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {Cahuilla Grammar}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib6704, +@book{bib6728, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, publisher = {Malki Museum Press}, title = {Cahuilla Grammar}, year = {1997} } -@article{bib6705, +@article{bib6729, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Phonetik und Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft}, pages = {204-223}, @@ -60041,7 +60261,7 @@ @article{bib6705 year = {1957} } -@book{bib6706, +@book{bib6730, author = {Seiler, Walter}, address = {Canberra}, institution = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies}, @@ -60054,7 +60274,7 @@ @book{bib6706 year = {1985} } -@article{bib6707, +@article{bib6731, author = {Seiler, Hansjakob}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -60064,13 +60284,13 @@ @article{bib6707 year = {1967} } -@misc{bib6708, +@misc{bib6732, author = {Seiler, Walter M.}, title = {The Imonda language, West Sepik Province, P.N.G.}, year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib6709, +@incollection{bib6733, author = {Seiler, W.}, editor = {Collins, James T.}, booktitle = {Studies in Malay dialects: Part II NUSA}, @@ -60081,7 +60301,7 @@ @incollection{bib6709 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib6710, +@incollection{bib6734, author = {Seiler, Walter}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in pidgin and creole linguistics No.~4 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -60092,7 +60312,7 @@ @incollection{bib6710 year = {1985} } -@book{bib6711, +@book{bib6735, author = {Seiner, Franz}, pages = {225-316}, publisher = {Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn}, @@ -60100,7 +60320,7 @@ @book{bib6711 year = {1913} } -@book{bib6712, +@book{bib6736, author = {Seiner, Franz}, pages = {1-111}, publisher = {Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn}, @@ -60108,14 +60328,14 @@ @book{bib6712 year = {1909} } -@book{bib6713, +@book{bib6737, author = {Seiter, William J.}, publisher = {Garland Publishing Company}, title = {Studies in Niuean Syntax}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib6714, +@book{bib6738, author = {Seitz, Stefan}, address = {Paris}, pages = {356}, @@ -60126,7 +60346,7 @@ @book{bib6714 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib6715, +@incollection{bib6739, author = {Seki, Lucy}, editor = {dos Santos, Ludoviko and Pontes, Ismael}, booktitle = {Línguas Jê: Estudos Vários}, @@ -60135,7 +60355,7 @@ @incollection{bib6715 year = {2002} } -@article{bib6716, +@article{bib6740, author = {Seki, Lucy}, journal = {LIAMES}, pages = {131-148}, @@ -60144,14 +60364,14 @@ @article{bib6716 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6717, +@book{bib6741, author = {Seki, Lucy}, publisher = {Editora da Unicamp}, title = {Gramatica do Kamaiurá: Lıngua Tupi-Guarani do Alto Xingu}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib6718, +@book{bib6742, author = {Seki, L.}, address = {Campinas}, publisher = {Editora Unicamp}, @@ -60159,7 +60379,7 @@ @book{bib6718 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6719, +@incollection{bib6743, author = {Seki, Lucy}, editor = {Payne, Doris L.}, booktitle = {Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages}, @@ -60168,7 +60388,7 @@ @incollection{bib6719 year = {1990} } -@article{bib6720, +@article{bib6744, author = {Seki, Lucy}, journal = {Boletim da ABRALIN}, pages = {109-118}, @@ -60177,7 +60397,7 @@ @article{bib6720 year = {1984} } -@book{bib6721, +@book{bib6745, author = {Selcan, Zülfü}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Wissenschaft und Technik Verlag}, @@ -60185,7 +60405,7 @@ @book{bib6721 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6722, +@book{bib6746, author = {Seler, Eduard}, pages = {18-48}, publisher = {A. Asher}, @@ -60193,7 +60413,7 @@ @book{bib6722 year = {1902} } -@article{bib6723, +@article{bib6747, author = {Seligmann, Brenda Z.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen}, pages = {167-188}, @@ -60202,14 +60422,14 @@ @article{bib6723 year = {1910-1911} } -@book{bib6724, +@book{bib6748, author = {Seligmann and Gabriel, Charles and and Seligmann, Brenda Zara}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {The Veddas}, year = {1911} } -@incollection{bib6725, +@incollection{bib6749, author = {Sellato, Bernard}, editor = {Martin, Peter W. and Sercombe, Peter G.}, booktitle = {Languages in Borneo: Diachronic and Synchronic Perspectives}, @@ -60218,14 +60438,14 @@ @incollection{bib6725 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6726, +@book{bib6750, author = {Sem, L. I.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Ocherki dialektov nanajsogo jazyka: Bikinskij (ussurijskij) dialekt}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib6727, +@book{bib6751, author = {Senkuttuvan, R.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -60233,7 +60453,7 @@ @book{bib6727 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib6728, +@misc{bib6752, author = {Sercombe, Peter}, local_ids = {24540}, title = {"A dictionary of Eastern Penan" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -60241,7 +60461,7 @@ @misc{bib6728 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6729, +@incollection{bib6753, author = {Sellato, Bernard and Sercombe, Peter}, editor = {Sercombe, Peter and Sellato, Bernard}, address = {Copenhagen}, @@ -60252,7 +60472,7 @@ @incollection{bib6729 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6730, +@incollection{bib6754, author = {Sercombe, Peter}, editor = {Florey, Margaret}, booktitle = {Endangered Languages of Austronesia}, @@ -60266,21 +60486,21 @@ @incollection{bib6730 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6731, +@book{bib6755, author = {Serdjuchenko, G. P.}, publisher = {Karachaevo-Cherkesskoe Khizhnoe Izdatel'stvo}, title = {Abaza Byzshwala Grammatika}, year = {1957} } -@misc{bib6732, +@misc{bib6756, author = {Serratos, Angelina Eduardovna}, pages = {295}, title = {Topics in Chemehuevi morphosyntax: Lexical categories, predication and causation}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib6733, +@book{bib6757, author = {Serto, Manilei}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Akansha Publishing House}, @@ -60288,14 +60508,14 @@ @book{bib6733 year = {2007} } -@book{bib6734, +@book{bib6758, author = {Serzisko, Fritz}, publisher = {Niemeyer}, title = {Sprechhandlungen und Pausen: Diskursorientierte Sprachbeschreibung am Beispiel des Ik}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib6735, +@incollection{bib6759, author = {Serzisko, Fritz}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, booktitle = {Topics in Nilo-Saharan Linguistics}, @@ -60304,7 +60524,7 @@ @incollection{bib6735 year = {1989} } -@book{bib6736, +@book{bib6760, author = {Seseray, Oyang}, address = {Irian Jaya}, local_ids = {98201}, @@ -60313,7 +60533,7 @@ @book{bib6736 year = {1993} } -@article{bib6737, +@article{bib6761, author = {Shafer, Robert}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -60323,7 +60543,7 @@ @article{bib6737 year = {1962} } -@article{bib6738, +@article{bib6762, author = {Shafer, Robert}, journal = {Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies}, pages = {346-371}, @@ -60332,7 +60552,7 @@ @article{bib6738 year = {1940} } -@article{bib6739, +@article{bib6763, author = {Shafer, Robert}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {6}, @@ -60342,7 +60562,7 @@ @article{bib6739 year = {1961} } -@book{bib6740, +@book{bib6764, author = {Bitkeeva, A.N. and Gusev, V.Y. and Povoroznyuk, O.A. and Funk, D.A. and Kholkhov, N.V. and Shakhovtsov, K.G.}, local_ids = {98633}, publisher = {Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences}, @@ -60351,7 +60571,7 @@ @book{bib6740 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib6741, +@misc{bib6765, author = {Sharma, Narayan}, local_ids = {24538}, title = {A Corpus-based Reference Account of the Morphology of Puma (HRELP Abstract)}, @@ -60359,7 +60579,7 @@ @misc{bib6741 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6742, +@book{bib6766, author = {Sharma, Devidatta}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, series = {Studies in Tibeto-Himalayan Languages}, @@ -60368,7 +60588,7 @@ @book{bib6742 year = {1988} } -@book{bib6743, +@book{bib6767, author = {Dasgupta, D. and Sharma, S. R.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India}, @@ -60376,7 +60596,7 @@ @book{bib6743 year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6744, +@incollection{bib6768, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -60389,7 +60609,7 @@ @incollection{bib6744 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib6745, +@incollection{bib6769, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -60401,7 +60621,7 @@ @incollection{bib6745 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6746, +@book{bib6770, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, howpublished = {Departmental Bulletin Paper}, institution = {National Museum of Ethnology (Minpaku)}, @@ -60412,19 +60632,19 @@ @book{bib6746 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib6747, +@misc{bib6771, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, title = {Manchad word order}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib6748, +@misc{bib6772, author = {Sharma, Narayan Prasad}, title = {Morphosyntax of Puma, a Tibeto-Burman language of Nepal}, year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib6749, +@incollection{bib6773, author = {Sharma, Devi?datta D.}, editor = {Sharma, Devi?datta D.}, booktitle = {Tribal languages of Uttarakhand 2}, @@ -60433,14 +60653,14 @@ @incollection{bib6749 year = {1990} } -@book{bib6750, +@book{bib6774, author = {Sharma, Devidatta}, publisher = {Vishveshvaranand Vishva Bandhu Institute of Sanskrit and Indological Studies, Panjab University}, title = {Studies in Tibeto-Himalayan linguistics: a descriptive analysis of Pattani, a dialect of Lahaul}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib6751, +@incollection{bib6775, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, editor = {Bielmeier, Roland and Haller, Felix}, booktitle = {Linguistics of the Himalayas and beyond Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs}, @@ -60451,7 +60671,7 @@ @incollection{bib6751 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6752, +@incollection{bib6776, author = {Sharma, Suhnu Ram}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -60466,14 +60686,14 @@ @incollection{bib6752 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6753, +@book{bib6777, author = {Sharma, Devidatta}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, title = {Tibeto-Himalayan languages of Uttarakhand 1}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib6754, +@book{bib6778, author = {Sharma, Devidatta}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, series = {Studies in Tibeto-Himalayan Languages}, @@ -60482,7 +60702,7 @@ @book{bib6754 year = {1989} } -@book{bib6755, +@book{bib6779, author = {Sharma, D. D.}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -60491,7 +60711,7 @@ @book{bib6755 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6756, +@book{bib6780, author = {Sharma, D. D.}, address = {New Delhi, India}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -60501,7 +60721,7 @@ @book{bib6756 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib6757, +@incollection{bib6781, author = {Sharpe, Margaret}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Evans, Bethwyn and Miceli, Luisa}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -60513,7 +60733,7 @@ @incollection{bib6757 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib6758, +@incollection{bib6782, author = {Sharpe, Margaret}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -60522,7 +60742,7 @@ @incollection{bib6758 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib6759, +@incollection{bib6783, author = {Sharpe, Margaret}, editor = {Walsh, Michael and Yallop, Colin}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -60537,7 +60757,7 @@ @incollection{bib6759 year = {1993} } -@book{bib6760, +@book{bib6784, author = {Sharpe, Margaret}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -60547,7 +60767,7 @@ @book{bib6760 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6761, +@book{bib6785, author = {Sharpe, Margareth C.}, address = {München}, pages = {vii+180}, @@ -60558,13 +60778,13 @@ @book{bib6761 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib6762, +@misc{bib6786, author = {Sharples, Peter R.}, title = {Tokelauan Syntax}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6763, +@book{bib6787, author = {Shashi, P. and Shri, S. S.}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Anmol Publications}, @@ -60572,19 +60792,19 @@ @book{bib6763 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib6764, +@misc{bib6788, author = {Shaterian, Alan William}, title = {Phonology and Dictionary of Yavapai}, year = {1983} } -@misc{bib6765, +@misc{bib6789, author = {Shaul, David Leedom}, title = {A Grammar of Nevome}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib6766, +@article{bib6790, author = {Shaul, David Leedom}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -60594,7 +60814,7 @@ @article{bib6766 year = {1994} } -@article{bib6767, +@article{bib6791, author = {Shaul, D. L.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -60604,7 +60824,7 @@ @article{bib6767 year = {1991} } -@article{bib6768, +@article{bib6792, author = {Shaul, D. L.}, journal = {Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -60614,7 +60834,7 @@ @article{bib6768 year = {1983} } -@book{bib6769, +@book{bib6793, author = {Shaul, David Leedom}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -60624,14 +60844,14 @@ @book{bib6769 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6770, +@book{bib6794, author = {Shaul, David Leedom}, publisher = {Hippocrene Books}, title = {Yoeme-English, English-Yoeme Standard Dictionary (Yaqui)}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib6771, +@book{bib6795, author = {Shaver, Harold}, pages = {327}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -60642,7 +60862,7 @@ @book{bib6771 year = {1996} } -@book{bib6772, +@book{bib6796, author = {Shaver, Harold and Dodds, Lois}, pages = {134}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -60653,7 +60873,7 @@ @book{bib6772 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib6773, +@incollection{bib6797, author = {Shaw, Daniel R.}, editor = {Franklin, Karl J.}, booktitle = {The linguistic situation in the Gulf District and Adjacent areas, Papua New Guinea Pacific Linguistics Series}, @@ -60664,7 +60884,7 @@ @incollection{bib6773 year = {1973} } -@article{bib6774, +@article{bib6798, author = {Shaw, P. A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -60674,7 +60894,7 @@ @article{bib6774 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib6775, +@incollection{bib6799, author = {Shaw, Mary and Neuenswander, Helen L.}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala Janua Linguarum, series practica}, @@ -60685,7 +60905,7 @@ @incollection{bib6775 year = {1966} } -@article{bib6776, +@article{bib6800, author = {Shaw, P. A.}, journal = {Phonology}, pages = {173-202}, @@ -60694,7 +60914,7 @@ @article{bib6776 year = {1985} } -@book{bib6777, +@book{bib6801, author = {Shaw, Daniel}, publisher = {Australian National University.}, series = {Pacific Linguistics A-70}, @@ -60702,13 +60922,13 @@ @book{bib6777 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib6778, +@misc{bib6802, author = {Shea, Kathleen}, title = {A Catawba Lexicon}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib6779, +@article{bib6803, author = {Shell, Olive A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {198-202, 179-218}, @@ -60717,7 +60937,7 @@ @article{bib6779 year = {1950, 1957} } -@article{bib6780, +@article{bib6804, author = {Shell, Olive}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -60727,7 +60947,7 @@ @article{bib6780 year = {1950} } -@article{bib6781, +@article{bib6805, author = {Shell, Olive}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -60737,7 +60957,7 @@ @article{bib6781 year = {1952} } -@book{bib6782, +@book{bib6806, author = {Shell, Olive A.}, pages = {105}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -60748,7 +60968,7 @@ @book{bib6782 year = {1987} } -@book{bib6783, +@book{bib6807, author = {Shepherd, Alice}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -60758,7 +60978,7 @@ @book{bib6783 year = {2005} } -@book{bib6784, +@book{bib6808, author = {Shepherd, Alice}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -60767,7 +60987,7 @@ @book{bib6784 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib6785, +@incollection{bib6809, author = {Sherman, Grace and Wrisley, Betsy and Spenst, Henry and Spenst, Ila}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 1}, @@ -60776,7 +60996,7 @@ @incollection{bib6785 year = {1965} } -@article{bib6786, +@article{bib6810, author = {Sherpa, Gelu}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98281}, @@ -60788,7 +61008,7 @@ @article{bib6786 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6787, +@book{bib6811, author = {Sherwood, David Fairchild}, address = {Ottawa}, pages = {xix+325}, @@ -60799,7 +61019,7 @@ @book{bib6787 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6788, +@book{bib6812, author = {Shibata, Norio}, local_ids = {98155}, publisher = {ELPR Publications}, @@ -60807,7 +61027,7 @@ @book{bib6788 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6789, +@incollection{bib6813, author = {Shibatani, M.}, editor = {Shibatani, M.}, booktitle = {The Languages of Japan Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -60816,7 +61036,7 @@ @incollection{bib6789 year = {1990} } -@book{bib6790, +@book{bib6814, author = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -60824,7 +61044,7 @@ @book{bib6790 year = {1990} } -@article{bib6791, +@article{bib6815, author = {Shimelman, Aviva}, journal = {Studies in Diversity Linguistics}, local_ids = {99396}, @@ -60835,7 +61055,7 @@ @article{bib6791 year = {2017} } -@misc{bib6792, +@misc{bib6816, author = {Shimizu, Kiyoshi}, institution = {Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages}, local_ids = {98329}, @@ -60844,7 +61064,7 @@ @misc{bib6792 year = {1975} } -@book{bib6793, +@book{bib6817, author = {Shimizu, Kiyoshi}, address = {Vienna}, chapter = {One. The Inhabitants and a Brief History of the Benue Valley. 2.1. The Yukuben}, @@ -60859,7 +61079,7 @@ @book{bib6793 year = {1980} } -@article{bib6794, +@article{bib6818, author = {Shimizu, Kiyoshi}, journal = {Afrika und Übersee}, local_ids = {98259}, @@ -60869,14 +61089,14 @@ @article{bib6794 year = {1982} } -@book{bib6795, +@book{bib6819, author = {Shimizu, Kiyoshi}, publisher = {Africana Marburgensia.}, title = {The Southern Bauchi group of Chadic languages: a survey report}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib6796, +@article{bib6820, author = {Shimkin, D. B.}, journal = {Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR}, pages = {175-188, 203-212}, @@ -60885,14 +61105,14 @@ @article{bib6796 year = {1949} } -@misc{bib6797, +@misc{bib6821, author = {Shimmin, Charlie}, local_ids = {91240}, title = {Personal communication}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib6798, +@incollection{bib6822, author = {Shimoji, Michinori}, editor = {Tranter, Nicolas}, booktitle = {The Languages of Japan and Korea}, @@ -60901,35 +61121,35 @@ @incollection{bib6798 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib6799, +@misc{bib6823, author = {Shimunek, Andrew}, title = {Manchu-English Online Dictionary}, url = {http://home.talkcity.com/IvyHall/anzhu/manchu_dictionary.htm}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib6800, +@book{bib6824, author = {Shipley, William F.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Maidu Grammar}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib6801, +@book{bib6825, author = {Shipley, William}, publisher = {Californian Indian Library Collections Project}, title = {Maidu Grammar}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib6802, +@book{bib6826, author = {Shipley, William F.}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Maidu Texts and Dictionary}, year = {1963} } -@article{bib6803, +@article{bib6827, author = {Shipley, William F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {233-237}, @@ -60938,7 +61158,7 @@ @article{bib6803 year = {1956} } -@book{bib6804, +@book{bib6828, author = {Shiraishi, Hidetoshi}, series = {Groningen Dissertations in Linguistics}, title = {Topics in Nivkh Phonology}, @@ -60946,7 +61166,7 @@ @book{bib6804 year = {2006} } -@book{bib6805, +@book{bib6829, author = {Shixuan, Xu}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -60956,14 +61176,14 @@ @book{bib6805 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6806, +@book{bib6830, author = {Shllitoe, Paul}, publisher = {University of Sydney}, title = {The Bogaia of the Muller ranges, Papua New Guinea}, year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib6807, +@incollection{bib6831, author = {Shoemaker, Jack and Shoemaker, Nola}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 3}, @@ -60972,7 +61192,7 @@ @incollection{bib6807 year = {1965} } -@incollection{bib6808, +@incollection{bib6832, author = {Shoemaker, Jack S. and Shoemaker, Nola K.}, editor = {Matteson, Esther}, booktitle = {Bolivian Indian grammars 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields}, @@ -60983,7 +61203,7 @@ @incollection{bib6808 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib6809, +@incollection{bib6833, author = {Bavin, Edith and Shopen, Tim}, editor = {Romaine, Suzanne}, address = {Cambridge}, @@ -60998,7 +61218,7 @@ @incollection{bib6809 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib6810, +@misc{bib6834, author = {Shore, Susan}, local_ids = {99663}, month = {December}, @@ -61007,7 +61227,7 @@ @misc{bib6810 year = {2021} } -@book{bib6811, +@book{bib6835, author = {Shorto., H. L.}, publisher = {Asia-Pacific Linguistics}, series = {Asia-Pacific Linguistics}, @@ -61015,7 +61235,7 @@ @book{bib6811 year = {2013} } -@book{bib6812, +@book{bib6836, author = {Showalter, Stuart}, isbn = {1556710925}, local_ids = {91761}, @@ -61026,7 +61246,7 @@ @book{bib6812 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6813, +@incollection{bib6837, author = {Shree, Krishan}, editor = {Lapolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Tibeto-Burman Languages of Uttar Pradesh}, @@ -61037,7 +61257,7 @@ @incollection{bib6813 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib6814, +@incollection{bib6838, author = {Si, Aung}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, booktitle = {The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages}, @@ -61046,7 +61266,7 @@ @incollection{bib6814 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib6815, +@misc{bib6839, author = {Si, Aung}, local_ids = {24849}, title = {"Traditional biological and ecological information encoded in the Sholaga language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -61054,21 +61274,21 @@ @misc{bib6815 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6816, +@book{bib6840, author = {Siadhail, Mícheál Ó}, publisher = {Yale University Press}, title = {Learning Irish: an introductory self-tutor}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib6817, +@book{bib6841, author = {Sidwell, Paul and Jacq, Pascale}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, title = {A handbook of comparative Bahnaric}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib6818, +@article{bib6842, author = {Sidwell, P.}, journal = {La Trobe University Working Papers in Linguistics}, pages = {121-133.}, @@ -61077,7 +61297,7 @@ @article{bib6818 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6819, +@incollection{bib6843, author = {Sidwell, Paul}, editor = {Sidwell, Paul and Jenny, Mathias}, booktitle = {The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages}, @@ -61086,7 +61306,7 @@ @incollection{bib6819 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6820, +@book{bib6844, author = {Sidwell, Paul}, address = {München}, pages = {iii+306}, @@ -61097,7 +61317,7 @@ @book{bib6820 year = {2005} } -@article{bib6821, +@article{bib6845, author = {Siebert and Jr. and T., Frank}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -61107,7 +61327,7 @@ @article{bib6821 year = {1989} } -@article{bib6822, +@article{bib6846, author = {Siebert and Jr. and T., Frank}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {100-104, 211-218}, @@ -61116,7 +61336,7 @@ @article{bib6822 year = {1945} } -@book{bib6823, +@book{bib6847, author = {Leyew, Zelealem and Siebert, Ralph}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {87527}, @@ -61128,7 +61348,7 @@ @book{bib6823 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6824, +@book{bib6848, author = {Siebert, Ralph and Hoeft, Lydia}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {78122}, @@ -61141,7 +61361,7 @@ @book{bib6824 year = {2001} } -@book{bib6825, +@book{bib6849, author = {Siebert, Ralph and Caudwell, Simon}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {78121}, @@ -61153,7 +61373,7 @@ @book{bib6825 year = {2002} } -@book{bib6826, +@book{bib6850, author = {Siebert, Ralph}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {78117}, @@ -61165,7 +61385,7 @@ @book{bib6826 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib6827, +@incollection{bib6851, author = {Siegel, Jeff}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 23 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -61176,7 +61396,7 @@ @incollection{bib6827 year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib6828, +@incollection{bib6852, author = {Siegel, Jeff}, editor = {Geraghty, Paul and Carrington, Lois and Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -61188,7 +61408,7 @@ @incollection{bib6828 year = {1986} } -@book{bib6829, +@book{bib6853, author = {Siegl, Florian}, local_ids = {98871}, publisher = {Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus}, @@ -61198,13 +61418,13 @@ @book{bib6829 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib6830, +@misc{bib6854, author = {Sika, Levi}, title = {Okrika Dictionary}, year = {2005} } -@phdthesis{bib6831, +@phdthesis{bib6855, author = {Silva, Wilson de Lima}, local_ids = {98251}, school = {University of Utah}, @@ -61212,13 +61432,13 @@ @phdthesis{bib6831 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib6832, +@misc{bib6856, author = {Silva, Leia de Jesus}, title = {Aspectos da fonologia e a morfologia da língua Rikbaktsa}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib6833, +@book{bib6857, author = {Silva, Léia de Jesus}, institution = {Museu do Indio/UNESCO}, local_ids = {98367}, @@ -61227,7 +61447,7 @@ @book{bib6833 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6834, +@misc{bib6858, author = {Silva, Wilson}, local_ids = {24661}, title = {"Documentation of Desano - Eastern Tukanoan" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -61235,7 +61455,7 @@ @misc{bib6834 year = {2008} } -@article{bib6835, +@article{bib6859, author = {Silverstein, Michael}, journal = {Chicago Linguistic Society}, pages = {238-253}, @@ -61244,7 +61464,7 @@ @article{bib6835 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib6836, +@incollection{bib6860, author = {Silverstein, Michael}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W.}, booktitle = {Grammatical Categories in Australian Languages}, @@ -61253,20 +61473,20 @@ @incollection{bib6836 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib6837, +@misc{bib6861, author = {Silverwood-Cope, Peter}, title = {A contribution to the ethnography of the Colombian Maku}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib6838, +@incollection{bib6862, author = {Sima, Alexander}, booktitle = {Semitica Viva 47 Harrassowitz}, title = {Mehri-Texte aus der jemenitisches Sarqiyah}, year = {2009} } -@article{bib6839, +@article{bib6863, author = {Simeon, G.}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, pages = {751-757}, @@ -61275,7 +61495,7 @@ @article{bib6839 year = {1969} } -@misc{bib6840, +@misc{bib6864, author = {Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, local_ids = {1362}, @@ -61285,7 +61505,7 @@ @misc{bib6840 year = {2005} } -@article{bib6841, +@article{bib6865, author = {Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude}, editor = {Weninger, Stefan}, address = {Berlin}, @@ -61297,7 +61517,7 @@ @article{bib6841 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib6842, +@incollection{bib6866, author = {Simeone-Simelle, Marie-Claude}, editor = {Hetzron, Robert}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -61311,7 +61531,7 @@ @incollection{bib6842 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6843, +@book{bib6867, author = {Simon, I. M.}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Shri T.~P.~Khaund, Director of Information and Public Relations of Arunachadal Pradesh}, @@ -61319,14 +61539,14 @@ @book{bib6843 year = {1972} } -@book{bib6844, +@book{bib6868, author = {Simon, I. M.}, publisher = {Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {Hill Miri Language Guide}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6845, +@book{bib6869, author = {Simon, I.M.}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, @@ -61334,7 +61554,7 @@ @book{bib6845 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6846, +@book{bib6870, author = {Simpson, J.}, address = {Alice Springs}, publisher = {IAD Press}, @@ -61342,13 +61562,13 @@ @book{bib6846 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6847, +@misc{bib6871, author = {Simpson, Jane H.}, title = {Aspects of Warlpiri Morphology and Syntax}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib6848, +@incollection{bib6872, author = {Simpson, Jane}, editor = {Bowern, Claire and Evans, Bethwyn and Miceli, Luisa}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -61360,7 +61580,7 @@ @incollection{bib6848 year = {2008} } -@book{bib6849, +@book{bib6873, author = {Simpson, Jane H.}, publisher = {Kluwer}, series = {Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory}, @@ -61368,7 +61588,7 @@ @book{bib6849 year = {1991} } -@article{bib6850, +@article{bib6874, author = {Simson, A.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {223-227}, @@ -61377,7 +61597,7 @@ @article{bib6850 year = {1879} } -@article{bib6851, +@article{bib6875, author = {Galvão, E. and Simões, M. F.}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emılio Goeldi, Série Antropologia}, pages = {1-23}, @@ -61386,7 +61606,7 @@ @article{bib6851 year = {1965} } -@article{bib6852, +@article{bib6876, author = {Sinclair, Donald E. and Pike, Kenneth}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {91-98}, @@ -61395,7 +61615,7 @@ @article{bib6852 year = {1948} } -@phdthesis{bib6853, +@phdthesis{bib6877, author = {Singer, Ruth}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {7527}, @@ -61404,7 +61624,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib6853 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6854, +@incollection{bib6878, author = {Singh, Chungkham Yasawanta}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, booktitle = {Linguistic Ecology: Manipur}, @@ -61413,7 +61633,7 @@ @incollection{bib6854 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6855, +@article{bib6879, author = {Bano, Atiqua and Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, journal = {South Asian Language Review}, number = {2}, @@ -61423,7 +61643,7 @@ @article{bib6855 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib6856, +@incollection{bib6880, author = {Singh, Chungkham Yasawanta}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, booktitle = {Linguistic Ecology: Manipur}, @@ -61432,7 +61652,7 @@ @incollection{bib6856 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6857, +@article{bib6881, author = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar and Bano, Atiqua}, journal = {International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics}, pages = {148-170}, @@ -61441,13 +61661,13 @@ @article{bib6857 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib6858, +@misc{bib6882, author = {Singh, N. Brojen}, title = {Simte grammar}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib6859, +@incollection{bib6883, author = {Singh, N. Brojen}, editor = {Mishra, Awadesh K. and Wallang, Melissa G. and Devi, Ch. Sarajubala}, booktitle = {Studies in linguistics of the North-Eastern languages}, @@ -61456,7 +61676,7 @@ @incollection{bib6859 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib6860, +@incollection{bib6884, author = {Singh, Ch. Yashwanta}, editor = {Mishra, Awadesh K. and Wallang, Melissa G. and Devi, Ch. Sarajubala}, booktitle = {Studies in linguistics of the North-Eastern languages}, @@ -61467,7 +61687,7 @@ @incollection{bib6860 year = {2013} } -@book{bib6861, +@book{bib6885, author = {Singh, Chunghkham Yashwanta}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Akansha Publishing House}, @@ -61475,7 +61695,7 @@ @book{bib6861 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6862, +@misc{bib6886, author = {Chanu, Sapam Sangita and Singha, Kh Dhiren}, local_ids = {99649}, school = {Assam University, Silchar}, @@ -61484,7 +61704,7 @@ @misc{bib6862 year = {2017} } -@article{bib6863, +@article{bib6887, author = {Sinha, Kali Prasad}, journal = {Indian Linguistics}, pages = {185-199}, @@ -61493,7 +61713,7 @@ @article{bib6863 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib6864, +@incollection{bib6888, author = {Sinha, Jasmin}, address = {Wiesbaden}, booktitle = {Eine grammatische Darstellung}, @@ -61505,7 +61725,7 @@ @incollection{bib6864 year = {2000} } -@article{bib6865, +@article{bib6889, author = {Sinha, Nupur and Barbora, Madhumita}, journal = {SEL Journal}, local_ids = {99685}, @@ -61516,7 +61736,7 @@ @article{bib6865 year = {2021} } -@book{bib6866, +@book{bib6890, author = {Sinha, Kali Prasad}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Firma KLM Private Limited}, @@ -61524,14 +61744,14 @@ @book{bib6866 year = {1981} } -@book{bib6867, +@book{bib6891, author = {Sinha., Harendra}, publisher = {Mittal}, title = {The Bishnupriya Manipuris in North East India – Society, Economy and Development}, year = {2015} } -@book{bib6868, +@book{bib6892, author = {Sinn, Adele}, address = {Innsbruck}, publisher = {Universität Innsbruck}, @@ -61540,14 +61760,14 @@ @book{bib6868 year = {2006} } -@book{bib6869, +@book{bib6893, author = {Siochfhradha, Michael}, publisher = {Comhlacht Oideachais Na Héireann, Tta.}, title = {Learner's English-Irish, Irish-English Dictionary}, year = {1958} } -@mastersthesis{bib6870, +@mastersthesis{bib6894, author = {Sitna, C. L. Bouh Ma}, local_ids = {91940}, school = {The University of Yaoundé I}, @@ -61556,7 +61776,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib6870 year = {2004} } -@article{bib6871, +@article{bib6895, author = {Sivertsen, Eva}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {117-130}, @@ -61565,27 +61785,27 @@ @article{bib6871 year = {1956} } -@book{bib6872, +@book{bib6896, author = {Sjogren, J. A.}, publisher = {Commisionare der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften}, title = {Livische Grammatik nebst Sprachproben}, year = {1861} } -@book{bib6873, +@book{bib6897, author = {Sjwela, B.}, publisher = {VEB Domowina-Verlag}, title = {Grammatik der Niedersorbischen Sprache}, year = {1952} } -@misc{bib6874, +@misc{bib6898, author = {Skilton, St John}, title = {The Survey of Scottish Gaelic in Australia and New Zealand}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib6875, +@misc{bib6899, author = {Skinner, Margaret Gardner}, local_ids = {98441}, school = {University of Wisconsin}, @@ -61593,14 +61813,14 @@ @misc{bib6875 year = {1979} } -@book{bib6876, +@book{bib6900, author = {Skinner, Leonard E. and Skinner, Marlene B.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Chinanteco de San Felipe Usila, Oaxaca}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib6877, +@incollection{bib6901, author = {Skinner, Margaret Gardner}, editor = {Newman, Paul and Newman, Roxana Ma}, booktitle = {Papers in Chadic Linguistics: Papers from the Leiden Colloquium on the Chadic Language Family}, @@ -61610,7 +61830,7 @@ @incollection{bib6877 year = {1977} } -@article{bib6878, +@article{bib6902, author = {Skinner, A. Neil}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {Afroasiatic linguistics}, @@ -61622,7 +61842,7 @@ @article{bib6878 year = {1977} } -@article{bib6879, +@article{bib6903, author = {Skinner, Margaret Gardner}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, local_ids = {98439}, @@ -61632,7 +61852,7 @@ @article{bib6879 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib6880, +@incollection{bib6904, author = {Skjærvø, Prods O.}, editor = {Schmitt, Rüdiger}, booktitle = {Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum}, @@ -61641,7 +61861,7 @@ @incollection{bib6880 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib6881, +@incollection{bib6905, author = {Skjærvœ, Prods O.}, editor = {Schmitt, Rüdiger}, booktitle = {Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum}, @@ -61650,7 +61870,7 @@ @incollection{bib6881 year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib6882, +@incollection{bib6906, author = {Skorik, P. I.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziaskie jazyki}, @@ -61659,21 +61879,21 @@ @incollection{bib6882 year = {1968} } -@book{bib6883, +@book{bib6907, author = {Skorik, P. J.}, publisher = {Akademija Nauk SSSR}, title = {Grammatika chukotskogo jazyka. Chast' pervaja}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib6884, +@book{bib6908, author = {Skorik, P.}, publisher = {Izd-vo Akademii nauk SSSR}, title = {Grammatika chukotskogo jazyka. Volume 1 and 2}, year = {1000} } -@incollection{bib6885, +@incollection{bib6909, author = {Skorik, P. Ya}, booktitle = {Paleoaziatskie jazyki Nauka}, pages = {76-111}, @@ -61681,7 +61901,7 @@ @incollection{bib6885 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6886, +@incollection{bib6910, author = {Skorik, P. I.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongolskie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -61690,7 +61910,7 @@ @incollection{bib6886 year = {1968} } -@article{bib6887, +@article{bib6911, author = {Skottsberg, Carl}, journal = {American Anthropologist, N.S.}, number = {4}, @@ -61700,7 +61920,7 @@ @article{bib6887 year = {1913} } -@incollection{bib6888, +@incollection{bib6912, author = {Skribnik, Elena}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -61711,14 +61931,14 @@ @incollection{bib6888 year = {2003} } -@book{bib6889, +@book{bib6913, author = {Skribnik, Elena K.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Polipredikativnye sinteticheskie predlozhenija v burjatskom jazyke}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib6890, +@book{bib6914, author = {Skurzewski, Joe}, local_ids = {99373}, month = {December}, @@ -61728,7 +61948,7 @@ @book{bib6890 year = {2016} } -@book{bib6891, +@book{bib6915, author = {Slater, Keith W.}, address = {London & New York}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -61739,7 +61959,7 @@ @book{bib6891 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6892, +@incollection{bib6916, author = {Slater, Keith W.}, editor = {Janhunen, Juha}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -61752,7 +61972,7 @@ @incollection{bib6892 year = {2003} } -@book{bib6893, +@book{bib6917, author = {Slocum, Marianna C.}, pages = {96}, publisher = {Ministerio de Gobierno}, @@ -61760,14 +61980,14 @@ @book{bib6893 year = {1972} } -@book{bib6894, +@book{bib6918, author = {Slocum, Marianna C. and Gerdel, Florence L.}, publisher = {Editorial Townsend}, title = {Diccionario Páez-Español, Español-Páez}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib6895, +@book{bib6919, author = {Slocum, Marianna C.}, pages = {vii+171}, publisher = {Editorial Townsend}, @@ -61775,7 +61995,7 @@ @book{bib6895 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib6896, +@incollection{bib6920, author = {Slomanson, Peter}, editor = {Michaelis and Maria, Susanne and Maurer, Philippe and Haspelmath, Martin and and Huber, Magnus}, address = {Oxford}, @@ -61788,7 +62008,7 @@ @incollection{bib6896 year = {2013} } -@book{bib6897, +@book{bib6921, author = {Smeets, Ineke}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -61797,13 +62017,13 @@ @book{bib6897 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6898, +@misc{bib6922, author = {Smeets, Ineke}, title = {A Mapuche Grammar}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib6899, +@book{bib6923, author = {Smeltzer, Brad}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {78577}, @@ -61814,7 +62034,7 @@ @book{bib6899 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib6900, +@misc{bib6924, author = {Blench, Roger and Aviwaï, Philippe and Smith, Tony}, institution = {Kay Williamson Educational Foundation}, local_ids = {91500}, @@ -61823,7 +62043,7 @@ @misc{bib6900 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6901, +@book{bib6925, author = {Holmes, Ruth Bradley and Smith, Betty Sharp}, address = {Norman}, publisher = {University of Oklahoma Press}, @@ -61831,7 +62051,7 @@ @book{bib6901 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib6902, +@incollection{bib6926, author = {Smith, B.}, editor = {Beach, W. W.}, booktitle = {The Indian Miscellany}, @@ -61840,7 +62060,7 @@ @incollection{bib6902 year = {1877} } -@book{bib6903, +@book{bib6927, author = {Smith, R.}, address = {Quito, Ecuador}, publisher = {Abya-Yala}, @@ -61848,7 +62068,7 @@ @book{bib6903 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib6904, +@misc{bib6928, author = {Smith, Wikaliler}, local_ids = {24619}, title = {"Documentation and description of Kuna: a community-based approach to documentation and grammar-writing" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -61856,7 +62076,7 @@ @misc{bib6904 year = {2009} } -@book{bib6905, +@book{bib6929, author = {Smith, H. Allen}, publisher = {Center for Northwest Anthropology, Washington State University}, series = {Project Report}, @@ -61865,7 +62085,7 @@ @book{bib6905 year = {1984} } -@article{bib6906, +@article{bib6930, author = {Smith, L. R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -61875,7 +62095,7 @@ @article{bib6906 year = {1975} } -@book{bib6907, +@book{bib6931, author = {Smith, Geoffrey P.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99053}, @@ -61888,7 +62108,7 @@ @book{bib6907 year = {1988} } -@article{bib6908, +@article{bib6932, author = {Smith, Alexander D.}, journal = {Oceanic Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -61898,14 +62118,14 @@ @article{bib6908 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib6909, +@misc{bib6933, author = {Smith, Alexander D.}, local_ids = {99350}, title = {Personal Communication on Kanowit}, year = {2016} } -@misc{bib6910, +@misc{bib6934, author = {Smith, Ellen}, local_ids = {98041}, month = {July}, @@ -61914,7 +62134,7 @@ @misc{bib6910 year = {2014} } -@book{bib6911, +@book{bib6935, author = {Smith, L. R.}, address = {Mercury Series}, publisher = {National Museum of Man}, @@ -61924,7 +62144,7 @@ @book{bib6911 year = {1977} } -@article{bib6912, +@article{bib6936, author = {Smith, Kenneth D.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {297-307}, @@ -61933,7 +62153,7 @@ @article{bib6912 year = {1978} } -@book{bib6913, +@book{bib6937, author = {Smith, Richard D.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Language Data, Amerindian Series}, @@ -61942,7 +62162,7 @@ @book{bib6913 year = {1973} } -@article{bib6914, +@article{bib6938, author = {Smith, Richard and Smith, Connie}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {80-85}, @@ -61951,7 +62171,7 @@ @article{bib6914 year = {1971} } -@book{bib6915, +@book{bib6939, author = {Smith, Donaldson A.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Edward Arnold}, @@ -61959,7 +62179,7 @@ @book{bib6915 year = {1897} } -@article{bib6916, +@article{bib6940, author = {Smith, Diane}, journal = {The Seattle Times}, local_ids = {99406}, @@ -61968,7 +62188,7 @@ @article{bib6916 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6917, +@book{bib6941, author = {Smits, L. and Voorhoeve, C. L.}, address = {Leiden-Jakarta}, publisher = {DSALCUL/IRIS}, @@ -61978,7 +62198,7 @@ @book{bib6917 year = {1994} } -@book{bib6918, +@book{bib6942, author = {Smits, L. and Voorhoeve, C. L.}, address = {Leiden-Jakarta}, publisher = {DSALCUL/IRIS}, @@ -61988,7 +62208,7 @@ @book{bib6918 year = {1998} } -@book{bib6919, +@book{bib6943, author = {Smothermon, Josephine and Frank, Paul S. and Smothermon, Jeffrey}, pages = {77}, publisher = {Associación [sic] Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -61996,7 +62216,7 @@ @book{bib6919 year = {1995} } -@book{bib6920, +@book{bib6944, author = {Smothermon, Jeffrey R. and Smothermon, Josephine H.}, address = {Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -62004,7 +62224,7 @@ @book{bib6920 year = {1993} } -@book{bib6921, +@book{bib6945, author = {Smyth, Patrick}, address = {Auckland}, publisher = {Whitcombe & Tombs, Christchurch}, @@ -62012,14 +62232,14 @@ @book{bib6921 year = {1943} } -@book{bib6922, +@book{bib6946, author = {Smythe, W. E.}, publisher = {Australian Medical Publishing Company}, title = {Elementary grammar of the Gumbainggir language}, year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib6923, +@incollection{bib6947, author = {Snapp, Allen and Anderson, Joy and Anderson, John L.}, editor = {Langacker, Ronald W.}, booktitle = {Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar 3: Uto-Aztecan grammatical sketches, part 2}, @@ -62030,7 +62250,7 @@ @incollection{bib6923 year = {1982} } -@book{bib6924, +@book{bib6948, author = {Snell, Betty}, address = {Pucallpa}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico del Verano}, @@ -62040,14 +62260,14 @@ @book{bib6924 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib6925, +@incollection{bib6949, author = {Snell, Betty A. and Wise, Ruth Mary}, booktitle = {Peruvian Indian Languages 1 Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Noncontingent declarative clauses in Machiguenga}, year = {1963} } -@book{bib6926, +@book{bib6950, author = {Snell, Betty E.}, pages = {412}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -62057,7 +62277,7 @@ @book{bib6926 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6927, +@article{bib6951, author = {Snethlage, E.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {65-93}, @@ -62066,14 +62286,14 @@ @article{bib6927 year = {1932} } -@book{bib6928, +@book{bib6952, author = {Snyman, Jannie W.}, publisher = {Department of African Languages, School of African Studies, University of Cape Town}, title = {An Introduction to the !Xũ (!Kung) Language}, year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib6929, +@incollection{bib6953, author = {Snyman, Jan W.}, editor = {Haacke, W. H. G. and Elderkin, E. D.}, address = {Köln}, @@ -62085,7 +62305,7 @@ @incollection{bib6929 year = {1997} } -@book{bib6930, +@book{bib6954, author = {Snyman, J. W.}, address = {Limi}, pages = {28-44}, @@ -62094,20 +62314,20 @@ @book{bib6930 year = {1974} } -@book{bib6931, +@book{bib6955, author = {Snyman, J. W.}, publisher = {Balkema}, title = {Zu|'hoasi fonologie en Woordeboek}, year = {1975} } -@misc{bib6932, +@misc{bib6956, author = {Soares, Narília Facó}, title = {O Suprasegmental em Tikuna e a Teoria Fonológica}, year = {1992} } -@article{bib6933, +@article{bib6957, author = {Soderberg, Craig D.}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, local_ids = {99674}, @@ -62122,7 +62342,7 @@ @article{bib6933 year = {2014} } -@book{bib6934, +@book{bib6958, author = {Sohn, Ho-min and Bender, B. W.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -62131,14 +62351,14 @@ @book{bib6934 year = {1973} } -@book{bib6935, +@book{bib6959, author = {Sohn, Ho-min and Tawerilmang, Anthony F.}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Woleaian-English Dictionary}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib6936, +@book{bib6960, author = {Sohn, Ho-Min}, address = {Honolulu}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, @@ -62147,7 +62367,7 @@ @book{bib6936 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib6937, +@incollection{bib6961, author = {Soido, Claudio}, editor = {Moraes Filho, Mello}, booktitle = {Revista da exposição anthropologica Brazileira}, @@ -62156,7 +62376,7 @@ @incollection{bib6937 year = {1882} } -@book{bib6938, +@book{bib6962, author = {Soja, Rai}, publisher = {Living Word Communicators}, title = {English-Puroik Dictionary}, @@ -62164,14 +62384,14 @@ @book{bib6938 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib6939, +@misc{bib6963, author = {Solnit, David}, local_ids = {91900}, title = {Personal Communication on Ainu (Japan)}, year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib6940, +@incollection{bib6964, author = {Solnit, David B.}, editor = {J.A. Edmondson and Solnit, D.B.}, booktitle = {Comparative Kadai: Linguistic Studies Beyond Tai}, @@ -62180,7 +62400,7 @@ @incollection{bib6940 year = {1988} } -@article{bib6941, +@article{bib6965, author = {Solntsev, V.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {29-32}, @@ -62189,14 +62409,14 @@ @article{bib6941 year = {1996} } -@book{bib6942, +@book{bib6966, author = {Solntseva, N. V. and Xoang, Van Ma}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Jazyk Lakha}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib6943, +@book{bib6967, author = {Solèr, Clau and Ebneter, Theodor}, publisher = {Phonogrammarchiv der Universität Zürich}, series = {Schweizer Dialekte in Text und Ton. Begleittexte zu den Sprachplatten und Kassetten des Phonogrammarchivs der Universität Zürich}, @@ -62205,7 +62425,7 @@ @book{bib6943 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib6944, +@incollection{bib6968, author = {Sommer, Gabriele}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin & New York}, @@ -62219,7 +62439,7 @@ @incollection{bib6944 year = {1992} } -@book{bib6945, +@book{bib6969, author = {Sommer, Bruce A.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -62228,7 +62448,7 @@ @book{bib6945 year = {1969} } -@book{bib6946, +@book{bib6970, author = {Sommer, Bruce A.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -62237,7 +62457,7 @@ @book{bib6946 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib6947, +@incollection{bib6971, author = {Sommer, Gabi [Gabriele] and Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Traill, Anthony and Vossen, Rainer and Biesele, Megan}, address = {Köln}, @@ -62248,7 +62468,7 @@ @incollection{bib6947 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib6948, +@incollection{bib6972, author = {Sommer, Bruce A.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics No.~10 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -62259,7 +62479,7 @@ @incollection{bib6948 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib6949, +@incollection{bib6973, author = {Fessler, Frank and Sommer, Gabriele}, editor = {Kramer, Raija and Tröbs, Holger and Kastenholz, Raimund}, address = {Köln}, @@ -62271,14 +62491,14 @@ @incollection{bib6949 year = {2011} } -@book{bib6950, +@book{bib6974, author = {Song, Lingli 宋伶俐}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {貴瓊語研究 [A study of Guiqiong]}, year = {2011} } -@article{bib6951, +@article{bib6975, author = {Song, Zhengchun}, journal = {Minzu Yuwen}, pages = {58-65}, @@ -62287,14 +62507,14 @@ @article{bib6951 year = {1982} } -@book{bib6952, +@book{bib6976, author = {Soppitt, C. A.}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Press}, title = {A short account of the Kachcha Naga (Empeo) tribe in the North Cachar Hills: with an outline grammar, vocabulary and illustrative sentence}, year = {1885} } -@book{bib6953, +@book{bib6977, author = {Soppitt, C. A.}, address = {Shillong}, publisher = {Assam Secretariat Press}, @@ -62302,7 +62522,7 @@ @book{bib6953 year = {1887} } -@article{bib6954, +@article{bib6978, author = {Soravia, G.}, journal = {Annali / Istituto orientale di Napoli}, pages = {377-399}, @@ -62311,25 +62531,25 @@ @article{bib6954 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib6955, +@misc{bib6979, author = {Sorensen, Jamed D.}, title = {A Comparison of Yuma and Keres}, year = {1976} } -@misc{bib6956, +@misc{bib6980, author = {Sorensen Jr, A. P.}, title = {The morphology of Tucáno}, year = {1969} } -@misc{bib6957, +@misc{bib6981, author = {Sorensen and Jr. and P., Arthur}, title = {The Morphology of Tukano}, year = {1969} } -@book{bib6958, +@book{bib6982, author = {Soriente, Antonia}, address = {Jakarta}, local_ids = {95320}, @@ -62338,7 +62558,7 @@ @book{bib6958 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib6959, +@incollection{bib6983, author = {Soriente, Antonia}, editor = {Alas, Chong Shin; Karim Harun; Yabit}, address = {Pontianak}, @@ -62350,7 +62570,7 @@ @incollection{bib6959 year = {2006} } -@article{bib6960, +@article{bib6984, author = {Soriente, Antonia}, journal = {Linguistik Indonesia}, pages = {71-81}, @@ -62359,13 +62579,13 @@ @article{bib6960 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib6961, +@misc{bib6985, author = {Soto, Jorge Armando Martínez}, title = {Seguimiento de la referencia en el cuento seri}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib6962, +@incollection{bib6986, author = {Soto Ruiz, Clodoaldo}, address = {Lima}, booktitle = {Gramática quechua: Ayacucho-Chanca}, @@ -62375,7 +62595,7 @@ @incollection{bib6962 year = {1976} } -@book{bib6963, +@book{bib6987, author = {Souag, Lameen}, publisher = {Köppe}, series = {Berber Studies}, @@ -62383,7 +62603,7 @@ @book{bib6963 year = {2014} } -@phdthesis{bib6964, +@phdthesis{bib6988, author = {Souag, Lameen}, institution = {School of Oriental and African Studies}, local_ids = {90761}, @@ -62392,7 +62612,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib6964 year = {2010} } -@book{bib6965, +@book{bib6989, author = {Souag, Lameen}, local_ids = {90760}, publisher = {Sorosoro}, @@ -62401,21 +62621,21 @@ @book{bib6965 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib6966, +@misc{bib6990, author = {Souag, Lameen}, local_ids = {90860}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib6967, +@book{bib6991, author = {Sousa Filho, Sinval Martins de}, publisher = {Programa de pos-graduacao em letras e lingüıstica}, title = {Aspectos Morfossintáticos da Lıngua Akwe-Xerente (Jê)}, year = {2007} } -@article{bib6968, +@article{bib6992, author = {Souza, Ilda de}, journal = {Sociodialeto}, local_ids = {99287}, @@ -62429,7 +62649,7 @@ @article{bib6968 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib6969, +@misc{bib6993, author = {Souza, Erick Marcelo Lima de}, institution = {Unicamp}, local_ids = {98309}, @@ -62439,7 +62659,7 @@ @misc{bib6969 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib6970, +@incollection{bib6994, author = {Sparing-Chávez, Margarethe W.}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian languages 4}, @@ -62448,7 +62668,7 @@ @incollection{bib6970 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6971, +@article{bib6995, author = {Sparkman, P. S.}, journal = {American Anthropologist}, number = {4}, @@ -62458,7 +62678,7 @@ @article{bib6971 year = {1905} } -@book{bib6972, +@book{bib6996, author = {Speas, Margaret J.}, publisher = {Kluwer Academic}, series = {Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory}, @@ -62466,7 +62686,7 @@ @book{bib6972 year = {1990} } -@book{bib6973, +@book{bib6997, author = {Speck, Brenda J.}, publisher = {University of Montana, Linguistics Program}, series = {University of Montana Occasianal Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -62475,19 +62695,19 @@ @book{bib6973 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib6974, +@misc{bib6998, author = {Speck, Frank G.}, title = {Ethnology of the Yuchi Indians}, year = {1909} } -@misc{bib6975, +@misc{bib6999, author = {Speirs, Randall H.}, title = {Some aspects of the structure of Rio Grande Tewa}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib6976, +@book{bib7000, author = {Spellenberg, Friedrich}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Verlag von Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, @@ -62497,14 +62717,14 @@ @book{bib6976 year = {1922} } -@book{bib6977, +@book{bib7001, author = {Spellenberg, Friedrich}, publisher = {Reimer}, title = {Die Sprache der Bo oder Bankon in Kamerun}, year = {1969} } -@article{bib6978, +@article{bib7002, author = {Spencer, Robert}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {229-236}, @@ -62513,7 +62733,7 @@ @article{bib6978 year = {1946} } -@book{bib6979, +@book{bib7003, author = {Spicer, Edward H.}, pages = {37-41}, publisher = {Yan.}, @@ -62521,7 +62741,7 @@ @book{bib6979 year = {1953} } -@book{bib6980, +@book{bib7004, author = {Spicer, Edward H.}, pages = {ch. 4}, publisher = {the impact of Spain, Mexico, and the United States on the Indians of the Southwest, 1533-1960 University of Arizona Press}, @@ -62529,7 +62749,7 @@ @book{bib6980 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib6981, +@incollection{bib7005, author = {Spier, Robert F. G.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -62540,7 +62760,7 @@ @incollection{bib6981 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib6982, +@misc{bib7006, author = {Spotted Bear, Alyce}, local_ids = {2305}, title = {"Mandan Language: Documentation, Description and Training (mhq)" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -62548,7 +62768,7 @@ @misc{bib6982 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib6983, +@misc{bib7007, author = {Sprachen, Dokumentation Bedrohter}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, local_ids = {946}, @@ -62556,14 +62776,14 @@ @misc{bib6983 url = {http://lux09.mpi.nl:8186/DOBES/} } -@book{bib6984, +@book{bib7008, author = {Sprigg, R. K.}, publisher = {Routledge Curzon}, title = {Balti-English, English-Balti Dictionary}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib6985, +@misc{bib7009, author = {Spronck, Steffen}, local_ids = {24620}, title = {"Documentation and description of Ngarinyin, a language of the Kimberley region of Western Australia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -62571,7 +62791,7 @@ @misc{bib6985 year = {2011} } -@article{bib6986, +@article{bib7010, author = {Spronk, Tanya}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Occasional Papers in the Study of Sudanese Languages}, @@ -62582,7 +62802,7 @@ @article{bib6986 year = {2004} } -@book{bib6987, +@book{bib7011, author = {Sreedhar, M. V.}, address = {Mysore}, publisher = {Central Institute of Indian Languages}, @@ -62592,7 +62812,7 @@ @book{bib6987 year = {1980} } -@book{bib6988, +@book{bib7012, author = {Sridhar, Braj B. Kachru; Yamuna Kachru; S. N.}, isbn = {0521786533}, local_ids = {89060}, @@ -62601,13 +62821,13 @@ @book{bib6988 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib6989, +@misc{bib7013, author = {Srisakorn, Preedaporn}, title = {So (Thavung) grammar}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib6990, +@book{bib7014, author = {Mambrasar, Benny and Monim, Uslina and Mambraku, Nommensen St.}, address = {Abepura}, publisher = {Irian Jaya Development Information Service Center}, @@ -62615,7 +62835,7 @@ @book{bib6990 year = {1984} } -@article{bib6991, +@article{bib7015, author = {Staalsen, Philip}, journal = {Anthropos}, local_ids = {99000}, @@ -62625,7 +62845,7 @@ @article{bib6991 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib6992, +@incollection{bib7016, author = {Stachowski, Marek and Menz, Astrid}, editor = {Johanson, Lars and Csató, Éva Á.}, booktitle = {The Turkic Languages}, @@ -62634,7 +62854,7 @@ @incollection{bib6992 year = {1998} } -@article{bib6993, +@article{bib7017, author = {Staff, ICTMN}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Indian Country Today Media Network}, @@ -62645,7 +62865,7 @@ @article{bib6993 year = {2012} } -@book{bib6994, +@book{bib7018, author = {Staff, DFWatch}, local_ids = {99392}, month = {June}, @@ -62655,7 +62875,7 @@ @book{bib6994 year = {2015} } -@book{bib6995, +@book{bib7019, author = {Staley, William E.}, isbn = {13: 978-1-55671-185-5}, local_ids = {98940}, @@ -62665,7 +62885,7 @@ @book{bib6995 year = {2007} } -@book{bib6996, +@book{bib7020, author = {Staly, Alicia and Davis, Patricia M. and Kneeland, Harriet}, pages = {250}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -62675,7 +62895,7 @@ @book{bib6996 year = {1979} } -@article{bib6997, +@article{bib7021, author = {Standen, Susan}, journal = {ABC News}, local_ids = {99537}, @@ -62685,7 +62905,7 @@ @article{bib6997 year = {2021} } -@book{bib6998, +@book{bib7022, author = {Stanhope, John M.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -62698,7 +62918,7 @@ @book{bib6998 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib6999, +@incollection{bib7023, author = {Stanislawski, Michael B.}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -62709,20 +62929,20 @@ @incollection{bib6999 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib7000, +@misc{bib7024, author = {Stanton, Lee}, pages = {183}, title = {Topics in Ura phonology and Morphophonology, with lexicographic application}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7001, +@misc{bib7025, author = {Starosta, Stanley}, title = {Sora syntax: A generative approach to a Munda language}, year = {1967} } -@book{bib7002, +@book{bib7026, author = {Stated, No Author}, address = {Port Moresby}, pages = {1062}, @@ -62731,7 +62951,7 @@ @book{bib7002 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7003, +@book{bib7027, author = {Stated, No Author}, address = {Port Moresby}, pages = {1062}, @@ -62740,14 +62960,14 @@ @book{bib7003 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7004, +@book{bib7028, author = {Stated, No Author}, publisher = {La Liga Bíblica}, title = {Isosoa, Apallia Vip kamankiya: El Nuevo Testamento de nuestro Señor Jesucristo en el idioma Candoshi}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib7005, +@book{bib7029, author = {Stated, No Author}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Escuela de Sociología y Antropología, Universidad Central de Venezuela}, @@ -62755,13 +62975,13 @@ @book{bib7005 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib7006, +@misc{bib7030, author = {Stebbins, Tonya}, title = {Noun Class Markers in Mali-Baining}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib7007, +@article{bib7031, author = {Steblin-Kamensky, I. M.}, journal = {Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition}, local_ids = {95920}, @@ -62770,7 +62990,7 @@ @article{bib7007 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib7008, +@incollection{bib7032, author = {Steever, S. B.}, editor = {Steever, Sanford B.}, booktitle = {The Dravidian Languages}, @@ -62779,7 +62999,7 @@ @incollection{bib7008 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib7009, +@incollection{bib7033, author = {Stefanowitsch, Anatol}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation}, @@ -62788,7 +63008,7 @@ @incollection{bib7009 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib7010, +@incollection{bib7034, author = {Stegnij, Viktor A.}, editor = {Xrakovskij, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -62797,7 +63017,7 @@ @incollection{bib7010 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib7011, +@incollection{bib7035, author = {Steinhauer, Hein}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -62808,7 +63028,7 @@ @incollection{bib7011 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib7012, +@incollection{bib7036, author = {Steinhauer, Hein}, editor = {Schapper, Antoinette}, booktitle = {The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1}, @@ -62818,7 +63038,7 @@ @incollection{bib7012 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib7013, +@incollection{bib7037, author = {Steinhauer, Hein}, editor = {Collins, James T.}, booktitle = {Studies in Malay dialects: Part II NUSA}, @@ -62829,7 +63049,7 @@ @incollection{bib7013 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib7014, +@incollection{bib7038, author = {Steinhauer, Hein}, editor = {Baak, C. and Bakker, M. and Meij, D. van der}, booktitle = {Tales from a concave world: Liber amicorum Bert Voorhoeve}, @@ -62838,7 +63058,7 @@ @incollection{bib7014 year = {1995} } -@book{bib7015, +@book{bib7039, author = {Stell, N. N.}, publisher = {Centro de Estudios Linguisticos, University of Buenos Aires}, series = {Cuadernos de Linguistica Indigena}, @@ -62847,7 +63067,7 @@ @book{bib7015 year = {1972} } -@article{bib7016, +@article{bib7040, author = {Marlett, Stephen A. and Stemberger, Joseph P.}, journal = {Linguistic Inquiry}, pages = {617-639}, @@ -62856,14 +63076,14 @@ @article{bib7016 year = {1983} } -@book{bib7017, +@book{bib7041, author = {Stenson, Nancy}, publisher = {Gunter Narr Verlag}, title = {Studies in Irish Syntax}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7018, +@incollection{bib7042, author = {Stenzel, Kristine}, booktitle = {A Reference Grammar of Kotiria (Wanano)}, local_ids = {98291}, @@ -62873,13 +63093,13 @@ @incollection{bib7018 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib7019, +@misc{bib7043, author = {Stenzel, Kristine}, title = {A Reference Grammar of Wanano}, year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib7020, +@incollection{bib7044, author = {Stephens, Janig}, editor = {Ball, M. J.}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -62888,7 +63108,7 @@ @incollection{bib7020 year = {1993} } -@article{bib7021, +@article{bib7045, author = {Steriade, D.}, journal = {Phonology}, pages = {73-155}, @@ -62897,7 +63117,7 @@ @article{bib7021 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7022, +@incollection{bib7046, author = {Sterner, Joyce K.}, editor = {Suharno, Ignatius and Pike, Kenneth L.}, booktitle = {From Baudi to Indonesian}, @@ -62906,7 +63126,7 @@ @incollection{bib7022 year = {1976} } -@article{bib7023, +@article{bib7047, author = {Stevens, Alan M.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -62916,7 +63136,7 @@ @article{bib7023 year = {1967} } -@book{bib7024, +@book{bib7048, author = {Stevenson, Paul S.}, pages = {xix+163}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -62924,7 +63144,7 @@ @book{bib7024 year = {1987} } -@article{bib7025, +@article{bib7049, author = {Stevenson, Roland C.}, journal = {Sudan Society}, pages = {45-58}, @@ -62933,7 +63153,7 @@ @article{bib7025 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib7026, +@incollection{bib7050, author = {Stevenson, Roland C.}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, address = {Hamburg}, @@ -62945,7 +63165,7 @@ @incollection{bib7026 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib7027, +@incollection{bib7051, author = {Olmsted, D. L. and Stewart, Omer C.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -62956,7 +63176,7 @@ @incollection{bib7027 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7028, +@incollection{bib7052, author = {Strathern, Andrew J. and Stewart, Pamela J.}, editor = {McElhanon, Kenneth A. and Reesink, Ger}, booktitle = {A mosaic of languages and cultures: studies celebrating the career of Karl J. Franklin}, @@ -62965,7 +63185,7 @@ @incollection{bib7028 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7029, +@book{bib7053, author = {Stewart-Muir, Fay}, address = {Fitzroy}, local_ids = {98816}, @@ -62974,7 +63194,7 @@ @book{bib7029 url = {www.vaclang.org.au/languages/boonwurrung-language-program.html} } -@incollection{bib7030, +@incollection{bib7054, author = {Stifter, David}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -62985,7 +63205,7 @@ @incollection{bib7030 year = {2010} } -@article{bib7031, +@article{bib7055, author = {Stiles, D.}, journal = {Africa}, pages = {848-862}, @@ -62994,7 +63214,7 @@ @article{bib7031 year = {1981} } -@article{bib7032, +@article{bib7056, author = {Stiles, Daniel}, journal = {Kenya Past and Present}, pages = {39-44}, @@ -63003,7 +63223,7 @@ @article{bib7032 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib7033, +@incollection{bib7057, author = {Stilo, Donald}, editor = {Haspelmath, M.}, booktitle = {Coordinating Constructions}, @@ -63012,7 +63232,7 @@ @incollection{bib7033 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib7034, +@incollection{bib7058, author = {Stilo, Donald}, editor = {Malchukov, Andrej and Haspelmath, Martin and Comrie, Bernard}, booktitle = {Studies in Ditransitive Constructions: A Comparative Handbook}, @@ -63024,7 +63244,7 @@ @incollection{bib7034 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7035, +@incollection{bib7059, author = {Stilo, Donal}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Iranica}, pages = {623-627}, @@ -63033,7 +63253,7 @@ @incollection{bib7035 year = {2012 [2003]} } -@book{bib7036, +@book{bib7060, author = {Stilo, Donald L.}, pages = {35-63}, publisher = {Case Studies in Iranian, Semitic and Turkic Routledge Curzon}, @@ -63041,7 +63261,7 @@ @book{bib7036 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7037, +@book{bib7061, author = {Marzolph, Ulrich and Stilo, Donald}, isbn = {978 3 89500 423 0}, local_ids = {97240}, @@ -63052,14 +63272,14 @@ @book{bib7037 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7038, +@book{bib7062, author = {Stimson, J. Frank}, publisher = {Martinus Nijhoff}, title = {A Dictionary of Some Tuamotuan Dialects of the Polynesian Language}, year = {1964} } -@article{bib7039, +@article{bib7063, author = {Stirtz, Timothy M.}, journal = {SIL Electronic Working Papers}, local_ids = {93660}, @@ -63069,7 +63289,7 @@ @article{bib7039 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7040, +@book{bib7064, author = {Stirtz, Timothy M.}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {92322}, @@ -63081,7 +63301,7 @@ @book{bib7040 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib7041, +@incollection{bib7065, author = {Stockley, Trevor}, editor = {Hobson, John; Kevin Lowe; Susan Poetsch; and Walsh, Michael}, address = {Sydney}, @@ -63094,13 +63314,13 @@ @incollection{bib7041 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7042, +@misc{bib7066, author = {Stokes, Bronwyn}, title = {A Description of Nyigina, A Language of West Kimberley, Western Australia}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib7043, +@article{bib7067, author = {Stokhof, W.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, number = {1}, @@ -63110,7 +63330,7 @@ @article{bib7043 year = {1984} } -@book{bib7044, +@book{bib7068, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -63120,7 +63340,7 @@ @book{bib7044 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7045, +@book{bib7069, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -63129,7 +63349,7 @@ @book{bib7045 year = {1979} } -@book{bib7046, +@book{bib7070, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -63139,7 +63359,7 @@ @book{bib7046 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7047, +@book{bib7071, author = {Stokhof, W. A. L.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series D}, @@ -63148,7 +63368,7 @@ @book{bib7047 year = {1982} } -@article{bib7048, +@article{bib7072, author = {Stolte, Joel and Stolte, Nancy}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {86-92}, @@ -63157,7 +63377,7 @@ @article{bib7048 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib7049, +@incollection{bib7073, author = {Stone, Gerald}, editor = {Comrie, Bernard and Corbett, Greville G.}, booktitle = {The Slavonic Languages}, @@ -63166,7 +63386,7 @@ @incollection{bib7049 year = {1993} } -@article{bib7050, +@article{bib7074, author = {Stone, Roger}, journal = {Studies in Philippine Languages and Cultures}, local_ids = {94900}, @@ -63176,14 +63396,14 @@ @article{bib7050 year = {2008} } -@book{bib7051, +@book{bib7075, author = {Stonham, John}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Aspects of Tsishaath Nootka Phonetics and Phonology}, year = {1999} } -@article{bib7052, +@article{bib7076, author = {Stonor, C. R.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {947-962}, @@ -63192,7 +63412,7 @@ @article{bib7052 year = {1952} } -@misc{bib7053, +@misc{bib7077, author = {Atindogbé, Gratien and Kemmermann, Doris Richter Genannt and Nyindem, Nancy and Storch, Anne}, institution = {Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen}, local_ids = {88641}, @@ -63202,7 +63422,7 @@ @misc{bib7053 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7054, +@book{bib7078, author = {Storch, Anne}, address = {Köln}, local_ids = {98224}, @@ -63213,7 +63433,7 @@ @book{bib7054 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7055, +@incollection{bib7079, author = {Storch, Anne}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -63225,7 +63445,7 @@ @incollection{bib7055 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7056, +@book{bib7080, author = {Dinslage, Sabine and Storch, Anne}, address = {Köln}, isbn = {3-89645-108-1}, @@ -63235,7 +63455,7 @@ @book{bib7056 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib7057, +@incollection{bib7081, author = {Storch, Anne}, editor = {Cyffer, Norbert Ebermann and Erwin Ziegelmeyer, Georg}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -63248,7 +63468,7 @@ @incollection{bib7057 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7058, +@book{bib7082, author = {Lüpke, Friederike and Storch, Anne}, address = {Boston}, local_ids = {99203}, @@ -63258,7 +63478,7 @@ @book{bib7058 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib7059, +@incollection{bib7083, author = {Storch, Anne}, editor = {Akinlabí, Akinbiyi M. and Adesola, Oluseye}, address = {Köln}, @@ -63271,13 +63491,13 @@ @incollection{bib7059 year = {2004} } -@misc{bib7060, +@misc{bib7084, author = {Storto, L.}, title = {Aspects of a Karitiana Grammar}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7061, +@incollection{bib7085, author = {Storto, Luciana R.}, address = {Berkeley}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the meeting of the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas and the Hokan-Penutian workshop Survey of California and other Indian Languages}, @@ -63288,7 +63508,7 @@ @incollection{bib7061 year = {1994} } -@book{bib7062, +@book{bib7086, author = {Story, Gillian L.}, pages = {214}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -63298,7 +63518,7 @@ @book{bib7062 year = {1979} } -@book{bib7063, +@book{bib7087, author = {Stradelli, Ermanno}, address = {Rio de Janeiro}, publisher = {J.~Leite}, @@ -63306,28 +63526,28 @@ @book{bib7063 year = {1929} } -@book{bib7064, +@book{bib7088, author = {Maibaum, Anita and Strahm, Esther}, publisher = {Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University}, title = {Jirela-Nepaālī-Aṅgrejī sábdakośa = Jirel - Nepali - English dictionary}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib7065, +@book{bib7089, author = {Maibaum, Anita and Strahm, Esther}, publisher = {Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies}, title = {Jirela-Nepālī-Aṅgrejī śabdakośa = Jirel - Nepali - English dictionary}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib7066, +@book{bib7090, author = {Straight, H. S.}, publisher = {Garland Publishing, Inc.}, title = {The Acquisition of Maya Phonology, Variation in Yucatec Child Language}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib7067, +@article{bib7091, author = {Strand, R. F.}, journal = {Journal of the American Oriental Society}, number = {3}, @@ -63337,7 +63557,7 @@ @article{bib7067 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7068, +@incollection{bib7092, author = {und Helmut Straube, Hans-Jürgen Sasse}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Rottland, Franz and Heine, Bernd}, booktitle = {Zur Sprachgeschichte und Ethnohistorie in Afrika: neue Beiträge afrikanistischer Forschungen}, @@ -63346,7 +63566,7 @@ @incollection{bib7068 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7069, +@book{bib7093, author = {Lydall, Jean and Strecker, Ivo}, publisher = {Klaus Renner Verlag}, series = {Arbeiten aus dem Institut für Völkerkunde der Universität zu Göttingen}, @@ -63355,14 +63575,14 @@ @book{bib7069 year = {1979} } -@book{bib7070, +@book{bib7094, author = {Street, Chester S.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {An Introduction to the Language and Culture of the Murrinh-patha}, year = {1987} } -@book{bib7071, +@book{bib7095, author = {Street, John C.}, series = {American Council of Learned Societies Research and Studies in Uralic and Altaic Languages Project}, title = {Structure of Kalmyk}, @@ -63370,7 +63590,7 @@ @book{bib7071 year = {1959} } -@incollection{bib7072, +@incollection{bib7096, author = {Street, Chester S. and Mollinjin, G. P.}, editor = {Waters, Bruce}, booktitle = {Australian phonologies: Collected papers Work Papers of SIL-AAB, Series A}, @@ -63381,7 +63601,7 @@ @incollection{bib7072 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7073, +@incollection{bib7097, author = {Street, Chester S.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 12 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, publisher = {Australian National University}, @@ -63390,7 +63610,7 @@ @incollection{bib7073 year = {1980} } -@article{bib7074, +@article{bib7098, author = {Strehlow, T. G. H.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {71-103, 177-200, 310-361, 68-90, 159-181, 250-256}, @@ -63399,7 +63619,7 @@ @article{bib7074 year = {1942-1943, 1942-1943, 1942-1943, 1943-1944, 1943-1944, 1943-1944} } -@book{bib7075, +@book{bib7099, author = {Strehlow, T. G. H.}, address = {Sydney}, publisher = {Australian National Research Council}, @@ -63409,7 +63629,7 @@ @book{bib7075 year = {1944} } -@article{bib7076, +@article{bib7100, author = {Strehlow, T. G. H.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {255-302}, @@ -63418,7 +63638,7 @@ @article{bib7076 year = {1942} } -@book{bib7077, +@book{bib7101, author = {Strehlow, Carl}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, publisher = {Joseph Baer}, @@ -63428,14 +63648,14 @@ @book{bib7077 year = {1915} } -@book{bib7078, +@book{bib7102, author = {Stresemann, Erwin}, publisher = {Martinus Nijhoff}, title = {Die Paulohi Sprache}, year = {1918} } -@book{bib7079, +@book{bib7103, author = {Strom, Clay}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Studies in the Languages of Colombia}, @@ -63444,7 +63664,7 @@ @book{bib7079 year = {1992} } -@article{bib7080, +@article{bib7104, author = {Strong, Marsh W.}, journal = {Man}, number = {101}, @@ -63454,7 +63674,7 @@ @article{bib7080 year = {1911} } -@book{bib7081, +@book{bib7105, author = {Stroomer, Harry}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {9783447050975}, @@ -63466,7 +63686,7 @@ @book{bib7081 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7082, +@book{bib7106, author = {Stroomer, Harry}, address = {Wiesbaden}, local_ids = {93273}, @@ -63477,7 +63697,7 @@ @book{bib7082 year = {1999} } -@article{bib7083, +@article{bib7107, author = {Struck, Bernhard}, journal = {Journal of the Royal African Soicety}, number = {32}, @@ -63487,7 +63707,7 @@ @article{bib7083 year = {1909} } -@article{bib7084, +@article{bib7108, author = {Struck, B.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {53-82}, @@ -63496,7 +63716,7 @@ @article{bib7084 year = {1930} } -@article{bib7085, +@article{bib7109, author = {Struck, B.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal African Society}, pages = {47-61, 213-230}, @@ -63505,7 +63725,7 @@ @article{bib7085 year = {1911} } -@article{bib7086, +@article{bib7110, author = {Strömer, C.}, journal = {Anthropos}, title = {Die Sprache der Munduruku Worterbuch, Grammatik und Texte Eines Indianeridioms am Oberen Tapajoz, Amazonasgebiet}, @@ -63513,7 +63733,7 @@ @article{bib7086 year = {1932} } -@article{bib7087, +@article{bib7111, author = {Lakhi, Libu and Hefright, Brook and Stuart, Kevin}, journal = {Asian Folklore Studies}, local_ids = {95000}, @@ -63524,7 +63744,7 @@ @article{bib7087 year = {2007} } -@book{bib7088, +@book{bib7112, author = {Grünberg, A. L. and Stéblin-Kamensky, I. M.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme}, @@ -63534,7 +63754,7 @@ @book{bib7088 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7089, +@incollection{bib7113, author = {Suantak, Khawlsonkim}, editor = {Singh, Shailendra Kumar}, address = {Guwahati}, @@ -63546,14 +63766,14 @@ @incollection{bib7089 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7090, +@book{bib7114, author = {Suarez, Maria Matilde}, publisher = {Centro de lenguas indıgenas, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello}, title = {La lengua saliva}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib7091, +@article{bib7115, author = {Suarez, Jorge A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -63563,7 +63783,7 @@ @article{bib7091 year = {1973} } -@book{bib7092, +@book{bib7116, author = {Suazo, Salvador}, address = {Tegucigalpa, Honduras}, publisher = {Editorial Guaymuras}, @@ -63572,7 +63792,7 @@ @book{bib7092 year = {2002} } -@book{bib7093, +@book{bib7117, author = {Weidert, A. and Subba, B.}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {Lobster Publications}, @@ -63580,20 +63800,20 @@ @book{bib7093 year = {1985} } -@book{bib7094, +@book{bib7118, author = {Subba Rao, Vavilala and Patnaik, Radha Krishna}, publisher = {Soumya Sushama Publications}, title = {Gadaba: The Language and the People}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib7095, +@misc{bib7119, author = {Subbarao, K. V. and Devi, Th. Sarju and Achumi, Rose Mary}, title = {Word order in Himalayan languages}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib7096, +@book{bib7120, author = {Sudlow, David}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -63603,26 +63823,26 @@ @book{bib7096 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7097, +@book{bib7121, author = {Sugathapala de Silva, M. W.}, publisher = {R. Kitzinger}, title = {Vedda Language of Ceylon}, year = {1972} } -@misc{bib7098, +@misc{bib7122, author = {Sulaisfraim, Mery Sartina}, title = {Personal pronouns in Hatam Language}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7099, +@misc{bib7123, author = {Sumbuk, Kenneth Memson}, title = {Morphosyntax of Sare}, year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7100, +@incollection{bib7124, author = {Sumbuk, Kenneth M.}, editor = {Cunningham, Denis; D. E. Ingram; and Sumbuk, Kenneth}, address = {Clevedon}, @@ -63635,7 +63855,7 @@ @incollection{bib7100 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7101, +@book{bib7125, author = {Summerfield, J.}, address = {N. Y.}, publisher = {J. F. Fairchild & Son, Cazenovia}, @@ -63643,7 +63863,7 @@ @book{bib7101 year = {1834} } -@book{bib7102, +@book{bib7126, author = {Sumner, A. T.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Government of Sierra Leone/The Crown Agents for the Colonies}, @@ -63651,7 +63871,7 @@ @book{bib7102 year = {1921} } -@book{bib7103, +@book{bib7127, author = {Sun and 孫宏開, Hongkai and 黃成龍, Chenglong Huang and and 周毛草, Maocou Zhou}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {7810565923}, @@ -63661,28 +63881,28 @@ @book{bib7103 year = {2002} } -@book{bib7104, +@book{bib7128, author = {Sun and 孫宏開, Hongkai and 徐丹, Dan Xu and 劉光坤, Guangkun Liu and and Duoding, Lurong}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {史興語研究 [A study of Shixing]}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib7105, +@book{bib7129, author = {Sun, Hongkai 孫宏開 and Qi, Kajia 齊卡佳 Katia Chirkova and Liu, Guangkun 劉光坤}, publisher = {Minzu Chubanshe 民族出版社}, title = {Baimayu Yanjiu 白馬語研究 [A study of Baima]}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib7106, +@book{bib7130, author = {Sun, Dongfang 孫東方}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press}, title = {文化變遷與雙語教育與演變：中國東北地區達斡爾族民族教育田野個案研究 [Cultural change and bilingual education: a case study of Dagur in Northeastern China]}, year = {2010} } -@article{bib7107, +@article{bib7131, author = {Sun, Jackson T.-S}, journal = {Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica}, number = {4}, @@ -63692,7 +63912,7 @@ @article{bib7107 year = {1993} } -@article{bib7108, +@article{bib7132, author = {Sun, Jackson T.-S.}, journal = {Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics}, local_ids = {95080}, @@ -63702,7 +63922,7 @@ @article{bib7108 year = {2007} } -@article{bib7109, +@article{bib7133, author = {Sun, Hongkai}, journal = {Language and Linguistics}, local_ids = {98927}, @@ -63716,7 +63936,7 @@ @article{bib7109 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7110, +@book{bib7134, author = {Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai}, isbn = {0773473068}, local_ids = {98926}, @@ -63725,7 +63945,7 @@ @book{bib7110 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib7111, +@incollection{bib7135, author = {Sun, Jackson T.-S.}, editor = {Thurgood, Graham and LaPolla, Randy J.}, booktitle = {The Sino-Tibetan Languages}, @@ -63734,7 +63954,7 @@ @incollection{bib7111 year = {2003} } -@article{bib7112, +@article{bib7136, author = {Sunee, Kamnuansin}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {167-182}, @@ -63743,14 +63963,14 @@ @article{bib7112 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7113, +@book{bib7137, author = {Sunik, O. P.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Sushchestvitel'noe v tunguso-man'chzhurskix jazykax}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib7114, +@article{bib7138, author = {Sunik, O. P.}, journal = {Jazyki Azii i Afriki}, pages = {43-97}, @@ -63759,7 +63979,7 @@ @article{bib7114 year = {1993} } -@book{bib7115, +@book{bib7139, author = {Sunuvār, Lokpriya}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {Sunuvār Sevā Samāj}, @@ -63767,7 +63987,7 @@ @book{bib7115 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7116, +@book{bib7140, author = {Arka, I Wayan and Kosmas, Jeladu and Suparsa, I Nyoman}, address = {Jakarta}, publisher = {Penerbit Universitas Atma Jaya (PUAJ)}, @@ -63775,21 +63995,21 @@ @book{bib7116 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7117, +@misc{bib7141, author = {Suslak, Daniel}, local_ids = {98619}, title = {Personal Communication on Ayapanec Zoque}, year = {2015} } -@book{bib7118, +@book{bib7142, author = {Susnik, B.}, publisher = {Asunción}, title = {Chulupí: Esbozo gramatical analt́ico}, year = {1968} } -@book{bib7119, +@book{bib7143, author = {Susnik, Branislava}, address = {Asuncíon}, publisher = {Boletín de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay y del Museo Andrés Barbero}, @@ -63799,7 +64019,7 @@ @book{bib7119 year = {1957} } -@book{bib7120, +@book{bib7144, author = {Susnik, Branislava}, address = {Asunción del Paraguay}, publisher = {Muséo Etnográfico "Andrés Barbero"}, @@ -63807,7 +64027,7 @@ @book{bib7120 year = {1974} } -@book{bib7121, +@book{bib7145, author = {Susnik, Branislava}, address = {Asunción del Paraguay}, publisher = {Muséo Etnográfico "Andrés Barbero"}, @@ -63817,7 +64037,7 @@ @book{bib7121 year = {1972} } -@book{bib7122, +@book{bib7146, author = {Susnik, Branka J.}, address = {Asunción del Paraguay}, publisher = {Muséo Etnográfico "Andrés Barbero"}, @@ -63827,7 +64047,7 @@ @book{bib7122 year = {1963} } -@book{bib7123, +@book{bib7147, author = {Susnik, Branka}, address = {Asunción del Paraguay}, publisher = {Museo Etnografico}, @@ -63837,7 +64057,7 @@ @book{bib7123 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7124, +@book{bib7148, author = {Susnik, Branislava}, address = {Asunción del Paraguay}, publisher = {Muséo Etnográfico "Andrés Barbero"}, @@ -63847,14 +64067,14 @@ @book{bib7124 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7125, +@book{bib7149, author = {Sussy, Orozco G. and Concha D., Vilma Lucıa}, publisher = {Editorial Townsend}, title = {Libro de Frases, Conjugaciones y Vocabulario en Español y Cubeo}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib7126, +@book{bib7150, author = {Suttles, Wayne}, address = {Vancouver}, publisher = {University of British Columbia Press}, @@ -63863,7 +64083,7 @@ @book{bib7126 year = {2004} } -@mastersthesis{bib7127, +@mastersthesis{bib7151, author = {Sutton, Peter John}, local_ids = {89523}, school = {Macquarie University}, @@ -63872,7 +64092,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib7127 year = {1973} } -@article{bib7128, +@article{bib7152, author = {Sutton, John E.G}, journal = {Kenya Past and Present}, pages = {35-40}, @@ -63881,13 +64101,13 @@ @article{bib7128 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7129, +@misc{bib7153, author = {Sutton, Peter John}, title = {Wik: Aboriginal Society, Territory and Language at Cape Keerweer, Cape York Peninsula, Australia}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib7130, +@article{bib7154, author = {Suwilai, P.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {189-218, 107-132}, @@ -63896,7 +64116,7 @@ @article{bib7130 year = {1998, 1999} } -@article{bib7131, +@article{bib7155, author = {Suzuki, Hiroyuki}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, local_ids = {90480}, @@ -63906,7 +64126,7 @@ @article{bib7131 year = {2008} } -@book{bib7132, +@book{bib7156, author = {Roche, Gerald and Suzuki, Hiroyuki}, publisher = {Modern Asian Studies.}, title = {Tibet's minority languages: Diversity and endangerment}, @@ -63914,7 +64134,7 @@ @book{bib7132 year = {2017} } -@article{bib7133, +@article{bib7157, author = {Suárez, Jorge A.}, journal = {Anales del Instituto de Lingüística}, pages = {29-59}, @@ -63923,7 +64143,7 @@ @article{bib7133 year = {1970} } -@book{bib7134, +@book{bib7158, author = {Suárez, María Matilde}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Centro de Lenguas Indigenas, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello}, @@ -63931,7 +64151,7 @@ @book{bib7134 year = {1977} } -@article{bib7135, +@article{bib7159, author = {Suárez, Jorge A.}, journal = {Anales de antropología}, pages = {243-255}, @@ -63940,7 +64160,7 @@ @article{bib7135 year = {1977} } -@article{bib7136, +@article{bib7160, author = {Suárez, Jorge A.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {9}, @@ -63950,7 +64170,7 @@ @article{bib7136 year = {1969} } -@article{bib7137, +@article{bib7161, author = {Suárez, Jorge A.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {177-181}, @@ -63959,7 +64179,7 @@ @article{bib7137 year = {1959} } -@book{bib7138, +@book{bib7162, author = {Svelmoe, Thelma and Svelmoe, Gordon}, address = {Huntington Beach, California}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -63969,7 +64189,7 @@ @book{bib7138 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib7139, +@incollection{bib7163, author = {Svensson, Tom G.}, editor = {Lee, Richard B. and Daly, Richard}, booktitle = {The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers}, @@ -63978,7 +64198,7 @@ @incollection{bib7139 year = {1999} } -@article{bib7140, +@article{bib7164, author = {Swadesh, Morris}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -63988,7 +64208,7 @@ @article{bib7140 year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib7141, +@incollection{bib7165, author = {Swadesh, Morris}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -64000,7 +64220,7 @@ @incollection{bib7141 year = {1946} } -@article{bib7142, +@article{bib7166, author = {Swadesh, Morris}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {77-102}, @@ -64009,7 +64229,7 @@ @article{bib7142 year = {1939} } -@incollection{bib7143, +@incollection{bib7167, author = {Swadesh, M.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -64021,7 +64241,7 @@ @incollection{bib7143 year = {1946} } -@article{bib7144, +@article{bib7168, author = {Swadesh, Morris}, journal = {Language}, pages = {345-362}, @@ -64030,14 +64250,14 @@ @article{bib7144 year = {1934} } -@book{bib7145, +@book{bib7169, author = {Swanton, John R.}, publisher = {Bureau of American Ethnology}, title = {A Structural and Lexical Comparison of the Tunica, Chitimacha, and Atakapa Languages}, year = {1919} } -@article{bib7146, +@article{bib7170, author = {Swanton, John R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-39}, @@ -64046,7 +64266,7 @@ @article{bib7146 year = {1921} } -@incollection{bib7147, +@incollection{bib7171, author = {Swanton, John R.}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, address = {Washington}, @@ -64058,7 +64278,7 @@ @incollection{bib7147 year = {1911} } -@book{bib7148, +@book{bib7172, author = {Swanton, John R.}, publisher = {U. S. Government Printing Office}, series = {Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin}, @@ -64067,7 +64287,7 @@ @book{bib7148 year = {1909} } -@incollection{bib7149, +@incollection{bib7173, author = {Swartz, Stephen M.}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 17 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {151-166}, @@ -64077,14 +64297,14 @@ @incollection{bib7149 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib7150, +@misc{bib7174, author = {Swift, Kenneth E.}, pages = {xiv+216}, title = {Morphology of Caquinte (Preandine Arawakan)}, year = {1985} } -@article{bib7151, +@article{bib7175, author = {Walsh, Martin T. and Swilla, Imani N.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Journal of Asian and African Studies}, @@ -64095,7 +64315,7 @@ @article{bib7151 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib7152, +@incollection{bib7176, author = {Switzler, Valeri and Haynes, Erin Flynn}, editor = {Wiley, Terrence G. and Peyton, Joy Kreeft and Christian, Donna and Moore, Sarah Catherine K. and and Liu, Na}, booktitle = {Handbook of heritage, community, and Native American languages in the United States: Research, policy, and educational practice}, @@ -64106,21 +64326,21 @@ @incollection{bib7152 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib7153, +@misc{bib7177, author = {Sylestine, Cora and Hardy, Heather K. and Montler, Timothy}, title = {Alabama-English Dictionary}, url = {http://www.ling.unt.edu/%%7Emontler/Alabama/Dictionary/}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib7154, +@book{bib7178, author = {Sylestine, Cora and Hardy, Heather K. and Montler, Timothy}, publisher = {University of Texas Press}, title = {Dictionary of the Alabama Language}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib7155, +@article{bib7179, author = {Roberts, F. J. and Symes, S. P.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {209-248}, @@ -64129,7 +64349,7 @@ @article{bib7155 year = {1936} } -@incollection{bib7156, +@incollection{bib7180, author = {Sywulka, Edward}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -64138,13 +64358,13 @@ @incollection{bib7156 year = {1966} } -@misc{bib7157, +@misc{bib7181, author = {Szakos, József}, title = {Die Sprache der Cou: Untersuchungen zur Synchronie einer austronesischen Sprache auf Taiwan}, year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7158, +@misc{bib7182, author = {Szakos, Jozsef}, local_ids = {98632}, month = {March 24}, @@ -64152,7 +64372,7 @@ @misc{bib7158 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7159, +@misc{bib7183, author = {Szekely, Gabor}, local_ids = {24742}, title = {"Endangered Language Situation of the Upper-Lozva Voguls in Ivdel, North-West Siberia, Russia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -64160,7 +64380,7 @@ @misc{bib7159 year = {2005} } -@article{bib7160, +@article{bib7184, author = {Sá, Sheila}, journal = {Museu ao Vivo: Jornal do Museu do Índio}, number = {5}, @@ -64170,13 +64390,13 @@ @article{bib7160 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib7161, +@misc{bib7185, author = {Sáenz, Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar}, title = {The Andean Uru-Chipaya Languages (Bibliography, December 2002)}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib7162, +@book{bib7186, author = {Sánchez, José Raúl Monguí}, address = {Bogotá}, publisher = {Instituto Caro y Cuervo}, @@ -64186,33 +64406,33 @@ @book{bib7162 year = {1981} } -@misc{bib7163, +@misc{bib7187, author = {Sánchez, Julia Elisa Hermosilla}, title = {Las lenguas que me enredan: rumo a um planejamento bilíngüe mapudungun e espanhol}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib7164, +@book{bib7188, author = {Sándalo, Filomena}, publisher = {MIT Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, title = {A Grammar of Kadiwéu with special reference to the Polysynthesis Parameter}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib7165, +@misc{bib7189, author = {Taalatlas, De Fryske}, title = {Friese taal in beeld}, url = {http://www.fryslan.frl/taalatlas}, year = {2011} } -@misc{bib7166, +@misc{bib7190, author = {Tacelosky, Kathleen Ann}, title = {A Sociolinguistic Survey of Bilingual Education among the Shipibo of Amazonian Peru}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib7167, +@misc{bib7191, author = {Taff, Alice}, local_ids = {24551}, title = {"Aleut Conversation Corpus" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -64220,7 +64440,7 @@ @misc{bib7167 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7168, +@book{bib7192, author = {Tagliavini, Carlo}, pages = {539-549}, publisher = {R.~Garroni}, @@ -64228,7 +64448,7 @@ @book{bib7168 year = {1928} } -@article{bib7169, +@article{bib7193, author = {Taguchi, Y. and Taguchi, T.}, journal = {Workpaper in Indonesian Languages and Culture}, pages = {95-127}, @@ -64237,7 +64457,7 @@ @article{bib7169 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib7170, +@incollection{bib7194, author = {Taid, Tabu}, editor = {Miri, Mrinal}, booktitle = {Linguistic Situation in North-East India}, @@ -64246,7 +64466,7 @@ @incollection{bib7170 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7171, +@book{bib7195, author = {Tailfeathers, E.}, address = {Edmonton}, publisher = {Alberta Department for Education}, @@ -64254,7 +64474,7 @@ @book{bib7171 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib7172, +@incollection{bib7196, author = {Taine-Cheikh, Catherine}, booktitle = {Encyclopédie Berbère}, local_ids = {99706}, @@ -64264,7 +64484,7 @@ @incollection{bib7172 year = {2023} } -@incollection{bib7173, +@incollection{bib7197, author = {Takahashi, Yoshiharu}, editor = {Nagano, Yasuhiko and Lapolla, Randy J.}, address = {Osaka}, @@ -64276,7 +64496,7 @@ @incollection{bib7173 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib7174, +@incollection{bib7198, author = {Takassi, Issa}, editor = {Lébikaza, Kézié K.}, booktitle = {Actes du 3e congrès mondial de linguistique africaine, Lomé 2000}, @@ -64285,7 +64505,7 @@ @incollection{bib7174 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7175, +@incollection{bib7199, author = {Takata, Yuko}, editor = {Burquest, Donald A. and Laidig, Wyn D.}, address = {Jakarta}, @@ -64297,7 +64517,7 @@ @incollection{bib7175 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib7176, +@misc{bib7200, author = {Takau, Lana}, local_ids = {24859}, title = {"Documentation of Matanvat (Nese): A highly endangered Northern Vanuatu language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -64305,7 +64525,7 @@ @misc{bib7176 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib7177, +@misc{bib7201, author = {Takau, Lana}, local_ids = {96780}, note = {Personal Communication}, @@ -64313,7 +64533,7 @@ @misc{bib7177 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib7178, +@incollection{bib7202, author = {Takumi, Ikeda}, editor = {Lin, Ying-chin and Hsu, Fang-min and Lee, Chun-chih and Sun, Jackson T.-S. and Yang, Hsiu-fang and Ho, Dah-an}, booktitle = {Studies on Sino-Tibetan Languages: Papers in Honor of Professor Hwang-Cherng Gong on his Seventieth Birthday}, @@ -64322,7 +64542,7 @@ @incollection{bib7178 year = {2004} } -@article{bib7179, +@article{bib7203, author = {Takács, G.}, journal = {Lingua Posnaniensis}, pages = {131-144}, @@ -64331,7 +64551,7 @@ @article{bib7179 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib7180, +@incollection{bib7204, author = {Talay, Shabo}, address = {Wiesbaden}, booktitle = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -64342,7 +64562,7 @@ @incollection{bib7180 year = {2008} } -@article{bib7181, +@article{bib7205, author = {Talay, Shabo}, journal = {Mediterranean Language Review}, local_ids = {93305}, @@ -64353,7 +64573,7 @@ @article{bib7181 year = {2002} } -@article{bib7182, +@article{bib7206, author = {Talbot, P. A.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {245-259}, @@ -64362,7 +64582,7 @@ @article{bib7182 year = {1911} } -@misc{bib7183, +@misc{bib7207, author = {Tallman, Adam J.}, local_ids = {99581}, month = {August}, @@ -64371,7 +64591,7 @@ @misc{bib7183 year = {2018} } -@incollection{bib7184, +@incollection{bib7208, author = {Mosonyi, Emilio E. and Mosonyi, Jorge C. and Tamanaico, Pedro J. Medina}, editor = {Mosonyi, Esteban Emilo and Mosonyi, Jorge Carlos}, address = {Caracas}, @@ -64382,14 +64602,14 @@ @incollection{bib7184 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7185, +@book{bib7209, author = {Tamura, Suzuko}, publisher = {Sanseido}, title = {The Ainu Language}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib7186, +@book{bib7210, author = {Tamura, Suzuko}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Sanseido}, @@ -64399,7 +64619,7 @@ @book{bib7186 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7187, +@book{bib7211, author = {Tanaka, Jiro}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa}, @@ -64409,7 +64629,7 @@ @book{bib7187 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib7188, +@misc{bib7212, author = {Gippert, Jost and Schultze, Wolfgang and Tandashvili, Manana}, local_ids = {88119}, title = {"Svan/Udi/Tsova-Tush" DoBES Project}, @@ -64417,7 +64637,7 @@ @misc{bib7188 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7189, +@book{bib7213, author = {Tang, Ge 唐戈}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105095650}, @@ -64427,7 +64647,7 @@ @book{bib7189 year = {2008} } -@phdthesis{bib7190, +@phdthesis{bib7214, author = {Tang, Apay Ai-yu 湯愛玉）}, local_ids = {98496}, month = {December}, @@ -64437,7 +64657,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7190 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7191, +@book{bib7215, author = {Taplin, George}, pages = {1-156}, publisher = {E.~S.~Wigg}, @@ -64445,26 +64665,26 @@ @book{bib7191 year = {1879} } -@incollection{bib7192, +@incollection{bib7216, author = {Taro, Sarklim}, booktitle = {Karbi-English Dictionary Assam Institute of Research for Tribals and Scheduled Castes}, title = {Karbi-English Dictionary}, year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7193, +@misc{bib7217, author = {Tarpent, Marie-Lucie}, title = {A Grammar of the Nisgha Language}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib7194, +@misc{bib7218, author = {Tarpent, Marie-Lucie}, title = {A Grammar of the Nisgha Language}, year = {1989} } -@article{bib7195, +@article{bib7219, author = {Rivet, Paul and Tastevin, C.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {69-82}, @@ -64473,7 +64693,7 @@ @article{bib7195 year = {1920} } -@incollection{bib7196, +@incollection{bib7220, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64485,7 +64705,7 @@ @incollection{bib7196 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7197, +@incollection{bib7221, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64497,7 +64717,7 @@ @incollection{bib7197 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7198, +@article{bib7222, author = {Tastevin, Constant}, journal = {Les Missions Catholiques}, pages = {65-67, 78-80, 90-93}, @@ -64506,7 +64726,7 @@ @article{bib7198 year = {1924} } -@article{bib7199, +@article{bib7223, author = {Rivet, Paul and Tastevin, Constant}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {811-827}, @@ -64515,7 +64735,7 @@ @article{bib7199 year = {1927} } -@article{bib7200, +@article{bib7224, author = {Tastevin, C.}, journal = {L'Anthropologie}, pages = {122-125}, @@ -64524,7 +64744,7 @@ @article{bib7200 year = {1934} } -@article{bib7201, +@article{bib7225, author = {Tastevin, Pere Constant}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {99-108}, @@ -64533,7 +64753,7 @@ @article{bib7201 year = {1923} } -@incollection{bib7202, +@incollection{bib7226, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64545,7 +64765,7 @@ @incollection{bib7202 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7203, +@incollection{bib7227, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64557,7 +64777,7 @@ @incollection{bib7203 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7204, +@incollection{bib7228, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64569,7 +64789,7 @@ @incollection{bib7204 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7205, +@incollection{bib7229, author = {Tastevin, C.}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -64581,7 +64801,7 @@ @incollection{bib7205 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7206, +@article{bib7230, author = {Tauern, Odo D.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {529-538}, @@ -64590,7 +64810,7 @@ @article{bib7206 year = {1914} } -@article{bib7207, +@article{bib7231, author = {Taunay, A.}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, pages = {569-628}, @@ -64599,13 +64819,13 @@ @article{bib7207 year = {1918} } -@misc{bib7208, +@misc{bib7232, author = {Tavares, Petronila da Silva}, title = {A grammar of Wayana (Brazil)}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib7209, +@book{bib7233, author = {Tavera-Acosta, B.}, address = {Ciudad-Bolivar, Venezuela}, publisher = {Imprenta y Encuadernación de Benito Jimeno Castro}, @@ -64613,27 +64833,27 @@ @book{bib7209 year = {1907} } -@book{bib7210, +@book{bib7234, author = {Tayeng, Aduk}, publisher = {Directorate of Information and Public Relations, Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {Milang Phrase-Book}, year = {1976} } -@book{bib7211, +@book{bib7235, author = {Tayeng, Aduk}, publisher = {Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh}, title = {Sulung Language Guide}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib7212, +@misc{bib7236, author = {Taylor, A. R.}, title = {A grammar of Blackfoot}, year = {1969} } -@article{bib7213, +@article{bib7237, author = {Taylor, G.}, journal = {Amerindia}, pages = {5-24}, @@ -64642,7 +64862,7 @@ @article{bib7213 year = {1985} } -@article{bib7214, +@article{bib7238, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -64652,7 +64872,7 @@ @article{bib7214 year = {1969} } -@article{bib7215, +@article{bib7239, author = {Taylor, Suzi}, journal = {774 ABC Melbourne}, local_ids = {98850}, @@ -64662,7 +64882,7 @@ @article{bib7215 year = {2012} } -@article{bib7216, +@article{bib7240, author = {Taylor, Anne-Christine and Descola, Philippe}, journal = {Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Études Andines}, pages = {7-54}, @@ -64671,7 +64891,7 @@ @article{bib7216 year = {1981} } -@book{bib7217, +@book{bib7241, author = {Taylor, G.}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Editorial de la UNMSM}, @@ -64679,14 +64899,14 @@ @book{bib7217 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7218, +@book{bib7242, author = {Taylor, Gerald}, publisher = {Editora da Unicamp}, title = {Introdução à língua Baniwa do Içana}, year = {1990} } -@article{bib7219, +@article{bib7243, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {1-44}, @@ -64695,7 +64915,7 @@ @article{bib7219 year = {1956} } -@article{bib7220, +@article{bib7244, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {36-60}, @@ -64704,7 +64924,7 @@ @article{bib7220 year = {1958} } -@article{bib7221, +@article{bib7245, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {138-150}, @@ -64713,14 +64933,14 @@ @article{bib7221 year = {1956} } -@book{bib7222, +@book{bib7246, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, publisher = {John Hopkins University Press}, title = {Languages of the West Indies}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib7223, +@book{bib7247, author = {Taylor, G.}, publisher = {Centre National de la Recherche Sciéntifique}, series = {Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale}, @@ -64729,7 +64949,7 @@ @book{bib7223 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib7224, +@incollection{bib7248, author = {Taylor, Allan R.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of North American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -64738,7 +64958,7 @@ @incollection{bib7224 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7225, +@article{bib7249, author = {Taylor, Matthew A.}, address = {Ukarumpa, Papua New Guinea}, isbn = {9980 0 3990 6}, @@ -64751,7 +64971,7 @@ @article{bib7225 year = {2015} } -@article{bib7226, +@article{bib7250, author = {Taylor, Douglas}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -64761,7 +64981,7 @@ @article{bib7226 year = {1955} } -@incollection{bib7227, +@incollection{bib7251, author = {Rood, David S. and Taylor, Allan R.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -64773,7 +64993,7 @@ @incollection{bib7227 year = {1996} } -@book{bib7228, +@book{bib7252, author = {Taylor, John Michael and Taylor, Audrey Helen}, address = {Brasília, DF}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -64783,7 +65003,7 @@ @book{bib7228 year = {1966} } -@article{bib7229, +@article{bib7253, author = {Taylor, Douglas M.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde}, number = {3}, @@ -64793,7 +65013,7 @@ @article{bib7229 year = {1962} } -@book{bib7230, +@book{bib7254, author = {Taylor, Douglas M.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research}, @@ -64803,14 +65023,14 @@ @book{bib7230 year = {1951} } -@book{bib7231, +@book{bib7255, author = {Taylor, Paul Michael}, publisher = {Smithsonian}, title = {The Folk Biology of the Tobelo People: A Study in Folk Classification}, year = {1990} } -@article{bib7232, +@article{bib7256, author = {Mattina, Anthony and Taylor, Allan}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -64820,14 +65040,14 @@ @article{bib7232 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib7233, +@misc{bib7257, author = {Team, The Nepali National Languages Preservation Institute NNLPI Survey}, title = {Literacy Survey on Ghale Language.}, url = {http://www.ghale.org/docs/Literacy-Survey-On-Ghale-Language.pdf}, year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib7234, +@incollection{bib7258, author = {Teeter, Karl V.}, editor = {Sawyer, Jesse}, booktitle = {Studies in American Indian Languages University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -64838,7 +65058,7 @@ @incollection{bib7234 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7235, +@book{bib7259, author = {Teeter, Karl V.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, publisher = {University of California Press}, @@ -64848,7 +65068,7 @@ @book{bib7235 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib7236, +@incollection{bib7260, author = {Teeter, Karl V. and LeSourd, Philip}, editor = {Cowen, William}, booktitle = {Actes du quatorzieme congres des algonquinistes}, @@ -64857,14 +65077,14 @@ @incollection{bib7236 year = {1983} } -@book{bib7237, +@book{bib7261, author = {Teeter, Karl and Nichols, John}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, title = {Wiyot Handbook}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib7238, +@article{bib7262, author = {Tempesta, Giovana Acacia}, journal = {evista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica}, local_ids = {98211}, @@ -64875,7 +65095,7 @@ @article{bib7238 year = {2013} } -@book{bib7239, +@book{bib7263, author = {Temple, O. and Temple, C.L.}, publisher = {The Argus Printing & Publishing Company, Limited.}, title = {Notes on the tribes, provinces, emirates, and states of the northern provinces of Nigeria.}, @@ -64883,26 +65103,26 @@ @book{bib7239 year = {1919} } -@misc{bib7240, +@misc{bib7264, author = {Tempski, Edwino Donato}, title = {Caingângues - Gente do Mato}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib7241, +@misc{bib7265, author = {Tenenbaum, J.}, title = {Morphology and Semantics of the Tanaina Verb}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib7242, +@book{bib7266, author = {Tenenbaum, Joan Marsha}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Nondalton Tanaina Noun Dictionary}, year = {1975} } -@phdthesis{bib7243, +@phdthesis{bib7267, author = {Teng, Stacy}, local_ids = {94780}, school = {Australian National University}, @@ -64910,7 +65130,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7243 year = {2007} } -@book{bib7244, +@book{bib7268, author = {Tengah, BPS Sumba}, local_ids = {95440}, note = {Source provided by Dr. I Wayan Arka}, @@ -64919,7 +65139,7 @@ @book{bib7244 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib7245, +@incollection{bib7269, author = {Tenishev, È. R.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira, Mongol'skie jazyki, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie jazyki, Japonskij jazyk, Korejskij Jazyk}, @@ -64928,7 +65148,7 @@ @incollection{bib7245 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7246, +@incollection{bib7270, author = {Tenishev, È. R.}, editor = {Tenishev, E. R.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Tjurkskie jazyki}, @@ -64937,7 +65157,7 @@ @incollection{bib7246 year = {1997} } -@book{bib7247, +@book{bib7271, author = {Tenser, A.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -64947,13 +65167,13 @@ @book{bib7247 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib7248, +@misc{bib7272, author = {Teo, Amos}, title = {Breaking up is hard to do: Teasing apart morphological complexity in Iwaidja and Maung}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7249, +@misc{bib7273, author = {Teo, Amos}, local_ids = {24741}, title = {"Documenting traditional agricultural songs and stories of the Sumi Nagas" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -64961,7 +65181,7 @@ @misc{bib7249 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib7250, +@incollection{bib7274, author = {Tepljashina, T. I.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-Ugorskie jazyki i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -64970,7 +65190,7 @@ @incollection{bib7250 year = {1966} } -@article{bib7251, +@article{bib7275, author = {Tepowa, A.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal African Society}, number = {13}, @@ -64980,7 +65200,7 @@ @article{bib7251 year = {1904} } -@incollection{bib7252, +@incollection{bib7276, author = {Tereshchenko, N. M.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-Ugorskie jazyki i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -64989,7 +65209,7 @@ @incollection{bib7252 year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib7253, +@incollection{bib7277, author = {Tereshchenko, N. M.}, editor = {Lytkin, V. I. and Majtinskaja, K. E.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Finno-Ugorskie jazyki i samodijskie jazyki}, @@ -64998,14 +65218,14 @@ @incollection{bib7253 year = {1966} } -@book{bib7254, +@book{bib7278, author = {Tereshchenko, N. M.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Nganasanskij jazyk}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib7255, +@incollection{bib7279, author = {Tereshchenko, N. M.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki Narodov SSSR. Volume 3: Ural'skie jazyki}, @@ -65014,7 +65234,7 @@ @incollection{bib7255 year = {1966} } -@book{bib7256, +@book{bib7280, author = {Tereščenko, Natal'ya Mitrofanovna}, pages = {323 S.}, publisher = {Nauka}, @@ -65022,14 +65242,14 @@ @book{bib7256 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib7257, +@misc{bib7281, author = {Terhart, Lena}, local_ids = {90980}, title = {Endangered Languages Project website user suggestion}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib7258, +@book{bib7282, author = {Ternes, Elmar}, address = {Heidelberg}, publisher = {Carl Winter}, @@ -65037,7 +65257,7 @@ @book{bib7258 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib7259, +@incollection{bib7283, author = {Ternes, Elmer}, editor = {MacAulay, D.}, booktitle = {The Celtic languages}, @@ -65046,7 +65266,7 @@ @incollection{bib7259 year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib7260, +@incollection{bib7284, author = {Terraza, Jimena}, editor = {Garay, Ana Fernández and Golluscio, Lucía}, booktitle = {Temas de Lingüística Aborígen II Archivo de lenguas Indoamericanas}, @@ -65056,13 +65276,13 @@ @incollection{bib7260 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7261, +@misc{bib7285, author = {Terraza, Jimena}, title = {Grammaire du Wichí: Phonologie et Morphosyntaxe}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib7262, +@book{bib7286, author = {Terrill, Angela}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {13911}, @@ -65073,13 +65293,13 @@ @book{bib7262 year = {2003} } -@misc{bib7263, +@misc{bib7287, author = {Terrill, Angela}, title = {Biri: A Salvage Study of a Queensland Language}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib7264, +@book{bib7288, author = {Terrill, Angela}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -65089,7 +65309,7 @@ @book{bib7264 year = {2002} } -@article{bib7265, +@article{bib7289, author = {Terrill, Angela}, journal = {Australian Journal of Linguistics}, pages = {71-88}, @@ -65098,7 +65318,7 @@ @article{bib7265 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7266, +@incollection{bib7290, author = {Terrill, Angela}, editor = {Garry, Jane and Rubino, Carl}, booktitle = {Facts About the World's Languages. An Encyclopedia of the World's Languages: Past and Present}, @@ -65107,7 +65327,7 @@ @incollection{bib7266 year = {2001} } -@mastersthesis{bib7267, +@mastersthesis{bib7291, author = {Tesfu, Mahder}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {6405}, @@ -65116,7 +65336,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib7267 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7268, +@book{bib7292, author = {Tessmann, Günter}, publisher = {Hamburg}, series = {Veröffentlichung der Harvey-Bassler-Stiftung}, @@ -65125,7 +65345,7 @@ @book{bib7268 year = {1930} } -@article{bib7269, +@article{bib7293, author = {Tessmann, G.}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {241-271}, @@ -65134,7 +65354,7 @@ @article{bib7269 year = {1929} } -@incollection{bib7270, +@incollection{bib7294, author = {Kazenin, Konstantin I. and Testelets, Yakov G.}, editor = {Haspelmath, Martin}, address = {John Benjamins North America, P.O. Box 27519, Philadelphia, PA 19118}, @@ -65150,14 +65370,14 @@ @incollection{bib7270 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7271, +@book{bib7295, author = {Thaeler, M. D. and Thaeler, A. O.}, publisher = {Board of Christian Education in Nicaragua}, title = {Miskito grammar}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib7272, +@book{bib7296, author = {Turin, Mark and Thami, Bir Bahadur}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {Martin Chautari, Nepal}, @@ -65166,7 +65386,7 @@ @book{bib7272 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7273, +@book{bib7297, author = {Thangmi, Chand Anth}, address = {New Delhi}, publisher = {Mittal Publications}, @@ -65174,7 +65394,7 @@ @book{bib7273 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib7274, +@incollection{bib7298, author = {Tharp, Doug}, booktitle = {Two Non-Austronesian Grammars from the Islands Summer Institute of Linguistics}, pages = {77-179}, @@ -65182,14 +65402,14 @@ @incollection{bib7274 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7275, +@incollection{bib7299, author = {Theil, Rolf}, booktitle = {David Dwyer Retirement Symposium [to appear]}, title = {Is Omotic Afroasiatic? A Critical Discussion}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib7276, +@book{bib7300, author = {Theis, Joachim}, address = {München}, pages = {243}, @@ -65200,7 +65420,7 @@ @book{bib7276 year = {1995} } -@article{bib7277, +@article{bib7301, author = {Therapan, L.-Thongkum}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {57-90}, @@ -65209,7 +65429,7 @@ @article{bib7277 year = {1992} } -@book{bib7278, +@book{bib7302, author = {Thieberger, Nicholas}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, local_ids = {1692}, @@ -65219,7 +65439,7 @@ @book{bib7278 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7279, +@article{bib7303, author = {Thiel, B. A.}, journal = {Archiv für Anthropologie}, pages = {591-622}, @@ -65228,7 +65448,7 @@ @article{bib7279 year = {1886} } -@book{bib7280, +@book{bib7304, author = {Thien Thuat, Doan}, address = {Tokyo}, publisher = {ILCAA, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, @@ -65236,7 +65456,7 @@ @book{bib7280 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7281, +@incollection{bib7305, author = {Thiesen and Wesley and and Weber, David}, booktitle = {A grammar of Bora with special attention to tone}, local_ids = {98246}, @@ -65245,7 +65465,7 @@ @incollection{bib7281 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7282, +@book{bib7306, author = {Thiesen, Wesley}, address = {Perú}, pages = {132}, @@ -65257,14 +65477,14 @@ @book{bib7282 year = {1996} } -@book{bib7283, +@book{bib7307, author = {Arnold, Irene and Holton, Gary and Thoman, Richard}, publisher = {Alaska Native Language Center}, title = {Tanacross Phrase and Conversation Lessons}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib7284, +@book{bib7308, author = {Thomas, Michael F.}, local_ids = {98736}, publisher = {Boulder}, @@ -65273,7 +65493,7 @@ @book{bib7284 year = {2014} } -@article{bib7285, +@article{bib7309, author = {Thomas, D.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -65283,7 +65503,7 @@ @article{bib7285 year = {1960} } -@book{bib7286, +@book{bib7310, author = {Thomas, David D.}, address = {Honolulu}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, @@ -65293,14 +65513,14 @@ @book{bib7286 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7287, +@book{bib7311, author = {Thomas, David}, publisher = {USOM and the Bureau of Textbooks, Department of Education of the Republic of Vietnam}, title = {Chrau Vocabulary}, year = {1966} } -@book{bib7288, +@book{bib7312, author = {Thomas, Northcote W.}, address = {London}, publisher = {Harrison and Sons}, @@ -65308,7 +65528,7 @@ @book{bib7288 year = {1916} } -@incollection{bib7289, +@incollection{bib7313, author = {Thomas, Alan R.}, editor = {MacAulay, Donald}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -65317,13 +65537,13 @@ @incollection{bib7289 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib7290, +@misc{bib7314, author = {Thomason, L. C.}, title = {The Proximate and Obviative Contrast in Meskwaki}, year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7291, +@incollection{bib7315, author = {Thomason, Sarah and Everett, Daniel}, editor = {Seaburg, William}, booktitle = {Papers for the 28th International Conference on Salish and Neighboring Languages, August 19-21, 1993}, @@ -65332,7 +65552,7 @@ @incollection{bib7291 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib7292, +@incollection{bib7316, author = {Thompson, D. A.}, editor = {Sutton, P.}, booktitle = {Languages of Cape York}, @@ -65341,7 +65561,7 @@ @incollection{bib7292 year = {1976} } -@article{bib7293, +@article{bib7317, author = {Thompson, Laurence and Thompson, M. Terry}, journal = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, pages = {251-294}, @@ -65350,7 +65570,7 @@ @article{bib7293 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib7294, +@incollection{bib7318, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, Terry M.}, editor = {Sawyer, Jesse}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, @@ -65362,7 +65582,7 @@ @incollection{bib7294 year = {1973} } -@book{bib7295, +@book{bib7319, author = {Thompson, David}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, series = {Work Papers of SIL-AAIB, Series A}, @@ -65371,7 +65591,7 @@ @book{bib7295 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7296, +@incollection{bib7320, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, M. Terry and Egesdal, Steven M.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indians. Volume 17: Languages}, @@ -65380,7 +65600,7 @@ @incollection{bib7296 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7297, +@article{bib7321, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, M. Terry and Efrat, Barbara S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -65390,7 +65610,7 @@ @article{bib7297 year = {1974} } -@book{bib7298, +@book{bib7322, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, M. Terry}, publisher = {Linguistics Laboratory, University of Montana}, series = {University of Montana Occasional Papers in Linguistics}, @@ -65399,14 +65619,14 @@ @book{bib7298 year = {1992} } -@book{bib7299, +@book{bib7323, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, M. Terry}, publisher = {UMOPL - Linguistics Laboratory}, title = {Thompson River Salish Dictionary}, year = {1996} } -@article{bib7300, +@article{bib7324, author = {Thompson, Laurence C. and Thompson, M. Terry}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {27-32}, @@ -65415,13 +65635,13 @@ @article{bib7300 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib7301, +@misc{bib7325, author = {Thompson, Chad}, title = {Voice and obviation in Athabaskan and other languages}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib7302, +@book{bib7326, author = {Thomson, Ruth and Stout, Mickey}, series = {Série Lingüıstica}, title = {Modalidade em Kayapó}, @@ -65429,7 +65649,7 @@ @book{bib7302 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib7303, +@incollection{bib7327, author = {Thomson, R. L.}, editor = {MacAulay, D.}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -65438,14 +65658,14 @@ @incollection{bib7303 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib7304, +@misc{bib7328, author = {Thongkham, Noppawan}, title = {The phonology of Kasong at Khlong Saeng Village, Danchumphon Sub-District, Bo Rai District, Trat Province}, url = {http://www.sealang.net/archives/mahidol/Noppawan_Kasong_2003.pdf}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib7305, +@book{bib7329, author = {Thongkum, Therapan L.}, publisher = {Chulalongkorn University, Linguistic Research Unit, Faculty of Arts}, series = {Monic Language Studies}, @@ -65454,13 +65674,13 @@ @book{bib7305 year = {1984} } -@misc{bib7306, +@misc{bib7330, author = {Thongkum, Therapan L.}, title = {Register without tongue-root in Nyah Kur (Chao Bon)}, year = {1982} } -@article{bib7307, +@article{bib7331, author = {Thongkum, Therapan L.}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies}, pages = {221-293}, @@ -65469,32 +65689,32 @@ @article{bib7307 year = {1979} } -@misc{bib7308, +@misc{bib7332, author = {Thornes, T. J.}, title = {A Northern Paiute Grammar and Texts}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib7309, +@misc{bib7333, author = {Thounaojam, Harimohon and Chelliah, Shobhana L.}, title = {The Lamkang Language: Grammatical Sketch, Texts and Lexicon}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7310, +@misc{bib7334, author = {Thuan, Khar}, title = {A phonological description of Falam}, url = {http://ic.payap.ac.th/wp-content/uploads/linguistics_students/A_Phonological_Description_Of_Falam.pdf}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib7311, +@misc{bib7335, author = {Thurgood, Elzbieta A.}, title = {A Description of Nineteenth Century Baba Malay: A Malay Variety Influenced by Language Shift}, year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib7312, +@incollection{bib7336, author = {Thurgood, Graham and Li, Fengxiang}, editor = {Bradley, David and Michaelovsky, Boyd and LaPolla, Randy and Thurgood, Graham}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -65506,7 +65726,7 @@ @incollection{bib7312 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7313, +@book{bib7337, author = {Thurgood, Graham}, address = {Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications, No. 28. Honolulu}, local_ids = {95980}, @@ -65515,7 +65735,7 @@ @book{bib7313 year = {1999} } -@article{bib7314, +@article{bib7338, author = {Thurgood, Graham}, journal = {Journal of Language Contact}, number = {2}, @@ -65525,7 +65745,7 @@ @article{bib7314 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7315, +@incollection{bib7339, author = {Thurgood, Graham}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -65536,7 +65756,7 @@ @incollection{bib7315 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7316, +@book{bib7340, author = {Thurgood, Graham}, publisher = {The Tenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics (ICAL-10).}, title = {Sociolinguistics and contact-induced language change: Hainan Cham, Anong, and Phan Rang Cham}, @@ -65544,7 +65764,7 @@ @book{bib7316 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib7317, +@incollection{bib7341, author = {Thurgood, Graham}, editor = {Bradley, David and Henderson, Eugénie J. A. and Mazaudon, Martine}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -65556,7 +65776,7 @@ @incollection{bib7317 year = {1988} } -@book{bib7318, +@book{bib7342, author = {Thurneysen, Rudolf}, address = {Dublin Institute for Advances Studies}, publisher = {School of Celtic Studies}, @@ -65564,7 +65784,7 @@ @book{bib7318 year = {1975 [1909]} } -@article{bib7319, +@article{bib7343, author = {Thurnwald, Richard}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {512-532}, @@ -65573,7 +65793,7 @@ @article{bib7319 year = {1909} } -@incollection{bib7320, +@incollection{bib7344, author = {Thurston, William R.}, editor = {Ross, Malcolm D.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -65585,7 +65805,7 @@ @incollection{bib7320 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7321, +@incollection{bib7345, author = {Thurston, William R.}, editor = {Ross, Malcolm D.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -65597,7 +65817,7 @@ @incollection{bib7321 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib7322, +@misc{bib7346, author = {Tickle, Alex}, local_ids = {99308}, school = {University of Pennsylvania}, @@ -65606,7 +65826,7 @@ @misc{bib7322 year = {2013} } -@book{bib7323, +@book{bib7347, author = {Tideman, J.}, pages = {514-524}, publisher = {Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Aardrijkskundig Genootschap. LVI}, @@ -65614,7 +65834,7 @@ @book{bib7323 year = {1939} } -@misc{bib7324, +@misc{bib7348, author = {Paul, Daniel and Abbess, Elisabeth and Müller, Katja and Tiessen, Calvin and Tiessen, Gabriela}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {97000}, @@ -65623,7 +65843,7 @@ @misc{bib7324 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7325, +@misc{bib7349, author = {Abbess, Elisabeth and Müller, Katja and Paul, Daniel and Tiessen, Calvin and Tiessen, Gabriela}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98108}, @@ -65633,7 +65853,7 @@ @misc{bib7325 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7326, +@misc{bib7350, author = {Abbess, Elisabeth and Müller, Katja and Paul, Daniel and Tiessen, Calvin and Tiessen, Gabriela}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {97200}, @@ -65642,7 +65862,7 @@ @misc{bib7326 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7327, +@misc{bib7351, author = {Paul, Daniel and Abbess, Elisabeth and Müller, Katja and Tiessen, Calvin and Tiessen, Gabriela}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {96384}, @@ -65651,7 +65871,7 @@ @misc{bib7327 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7328, +@incollection{bib7352, author = {Clifton, John M. and Mak, Janfer and Deckinga, Gabriela and Lucht, Laura and Tiessen, Calvin}, booktitle = {Studies in languages of Azerbaijan, vol. 1}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -65663,14 +65883,14 @@ @incollection{bib7328 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7329, +@book{bib7353, author = {Tiffou, Etienne and Pesot, Jurgen}, publisher = {Peeters and Société d'Études Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF)}, title = {Contes du Yassin: Introduction au bourouchaski du Yasin avec grammaire analytique}, year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib7330, +@incollection{bib7354, author = {Rangelov, Tihomir and Bratrud, Tom and Barbour, Julie}, editor = {Austin, Peter K.}, address = {London}, @@ -65685,7 +65905,7 @@ @incollection{bib7330 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib7331, +@incollection{bib7355, author = {Tilmatine, Mohand}, editor = {Mendel, Daniela and Claudi, Ulrike}, booktitle = {Ägypten im Afro-orientalischen Kontext. Aufsätze zur Archäologie, Geschichte und Sprache eines unbegrenzten Raumes: Gedenkschrift Peter Behrens}, @@ -65698,7 +65918,7 @@ @incollection{bib7331 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib7332, +@incollection{bib7356, author = {Timm, Lenora A.}, editor = {Fife, James and Poppe, Erich}, booktitle = {Studies in Brythonic Word Order}, @@ -65707,7 +65927,7 @@ @incollection{bib7332 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib7333, +@incollection{bib7357, author = {Timm, Lenora A.}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, address = {London}, @@ -65721,14 +65941,14 @@ @incollection{bib7333 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7334, +@book{bib7358, author = {Timofeeva, V. T.}, publisher = {s.n.}, title = {Sovremennyi marijskij jazyk: sintaksis slozhnogo predlozhenija}, year = {1961} } -@book{bib7335, +@book{bib7359, author = {Tindale, Norman B.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99318}, @@ -65738,7 +65958,7 @@ @book{bib7335 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib7336, +@incollection{bib7360, author = {Tindale, Norman B.}, editor = {Allen, Jim}, booktitle = {Sunda and Sahul: prehistoric studies in Southeast Asia, Melanesia and Australia}, @@ -65747,7 +65967,7 @@ @incollection{bib7336 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7337, +@book{bib7361, author = {Tindall, H.}, address = {Cape Town}, publisher = {A.~S.~Robertson}, @@ -65755,7 +65975,7 @@ @book{bib7337 year = {1857} } -@article{bib7338, +@article{bib7362, author = {Tismeer, C. M. J.}, journal = {Bijdragen tot de taal-, land-en volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia}, pages = {111-122}, @@ -65764,14 +65984,14 @@ @article{bib7338 year = {1913} } -@book{bib7339, +@book{bib7363, author = {Toba, Sueyoshi and Toba, Ingrid}, publisher = {Tribhuvan University}, title = {A Khaling-English and English-Khaling Glossary}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib7340, +@book{bib7364, author = {Toba, Sueyoshi}, publisher = {Institute fo the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies}, series = {Asian and African Grammatical Manual}, @@ -65780,7 +66000,7 @@ @book{bib7340 year = {1984} } -@article{bib7341, +@article{bib7365, author = {Tobal, Juan Pablo}, journal = {Revista Semana}, local_ids = {98333}, @@ -65792,7 +66012,7 @@ @article{bib7341 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib7342, +@incollection{bib7366, author = {Tobar G., María Elena}, editor = {Esquerre, L. Miranda}, booktitle = {Actas del I Congreso de Lenguas Indígenas de Sudamérica}, @@ -65801,20 +66021,20 @@ @incollection{bib7342 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib7343, +@misc{bib7367, author = {Tobar Gutiérrez, María Elena}, title = {Modo, aspecto y tiempo en Cofán}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib7344, +@book{bib7368, author = {Todaeva, B. X.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Dagurskij jazyk}, year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7345, +@incollection{bib7369, author = {Todaeva, B. X.}, editor = {Alpatov, V. M. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: Mongol'skie jazyki, tunguso-man'chzhurskie jazyki, japonskij jazyk, korejskij jazyk}, @@ -65823,7 +66043,7 @@ @incollection{bib7345 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7346, +@incollection{bib7370, author = {Todaeva, B. X.}, editor = {Skorik, P. Ja.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, tunguso-man'chzhurskie i paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -65832,13 +66052,13 @@ @incollection{bib7346 year = {1968} } -@misc{bib7347, +@misc{bib7371, author = {Todd, Terry Lynn}, title = {A Grammar of Dimili}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib7348, +@book{bib7372, author = {Todd, Terry Lynn}, address = {Stockholm}, publisher = {Iremet}, @@ -65847,13 +66067,13 @@ @book{bib7348 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib7349, +@misc{bib7373, author = {Todd, Evelyn M.}, title = {A grammar of the Ojibwa language: the Severn dialect}, year = {1970} } -@book{bib7350, +@book{bib7374, author = {Todd, Evelyn M.}, address = {Ontario, Canada}, pages = {51}, @@ -65862,7 +66082,7 @@ @book{bib7350 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7351, +@incollection{bib7375, author = {Todd, Evelyn M.}, editor = {Wurm, S.A.}, booktitle = {Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1 Pacific Linguistics, Series C}, @@ -65873,7 +66093,7 @@ @incollection{bib7351 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7352, +@book{bib7376, author = {Nikolaeva, Irina and Tolskaya, Maria}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -65882,13 +66102,13 @@ @book{bib7352 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7353, +@misc{bib7377, author = {Tolsma, Gerard J.}, title = {A Grammar of Kulung}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib7354, +@book{bib7378, author = {Tolsma, Gerard J.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, isbn = {9789004153301}, @@ -65900,7 +66120,7 @@ @book{bib7354 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7355, +@book{bib7379, author = {Tompkins, Barbara and Kluge, Angela}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {82012}, @@ -65911,7 +66131,7 @@ @book{bib7355 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7356, +@book{bib7380, author = {Tompkins, Barbara and Kluge, Angela}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {82011}, @@ -65922,7 +66142,7 @@ @book{bib7356 year = {2002} } -@book{bib7357, +@book{bib7381, author = {Tonelli, Antonio}, pages = {569-585}, publisher = {R.~Garroni}, @@ -65930,7 +66150,7 @@ @book{bib7357 year = {1928} } -@book{bib7358, +@book{bib7382, author = {Tonelli, Antonio}, address = {Torino}, pages = {iv+145}, @@ -65941,13 +66161,13 @@ @book{bib7358 year = {1926} } -@misc{bib7359, +@misc{bib7383, author = {Dakouli, Padeu and Maass, Antje and Toomey, David}, title = {Sociolinguistic Survey Report: Rapid Appraisal of the Saba Language of the Guera, Chad, November 25-26, 1995}, year = {1996} } -@misc{bib7360, +@misc{bib7384, author = {Farudi, Annahita and Toosarvandani, Maziar}, institution = {UC Berkeley}, local_ids = {96623}, @@ -65956,14 +66176,14 @@ @misc{bib7360 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7361, +@book{bib7385, author = {Topping, Donald M. and Ogo, Pedro M. and Dungca, Bernadita C.}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Chamorro-English Dictionary}, year = {1975} } -@book{bib7362, +@book{bib7386, author = {Topping, Donald M.}, address = {Honolulu}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, @@ -65972,21 +66192,21 @@ @book{bib7362 year = {1973} } -@book{bib7363, +@book{bib7387, author = {Topping, Donald M. with the assistance of Bernadita C. Dungca}, publisher = {University of Hawaii Press}, title = {Chamorro Reference Grammar}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7364, +@book{bib7388, author = {Topping, Donald M.}, publisher = {The University Press of Hawaii}, title = {Spoken Chamorro}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7365, +@book{bib7389, author = {Torero, Alfredo}, address = {Lima}, pages = {240}, @@ -65995,7 +66215,7 @@ @book{bib7365 year = {1974} } -@article{bib7366, +@article{bib7390, author = {Torero, Alfredo}, journal = {Anales Científicos de la Universidad Agraria}, local_ids = {99404}, @@ -66006,7 +66226,7 @@ @article{bib7366 year = {1964} } -@book{bib7367, +@book{bib7391, author = {Tormo, Jesús Galeote}, address = {Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia}, publisher = {Los Huérfanos}, @@ -66014,7 +66234,7 @@ @book{bib7367 year = {1993} } -@article{bib7368, +@article{bib7392, author = {Tornay, S.}, journal = {L'Ethnographie}, number = {1}, @@ -66024,7 +66244,7 @@ @article{bib7368 year = {1978} } -@article{bib7369, +@article{bib7393, author = {Torres Carvajal, William}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropología}, pages = {195-236}, @@ -66033,7 +66253,7 @@ @article{bib7369 year = {1994} } -@incollection{bib7370, +@incollection{bib7394, author = {Torwali, Zubair}, editor = {Sherris, Ari and Peyton, Joy Kreeft}, booktitle = {Teaching Writing to Children in Indigenous Languages}, @@ -66041,7 +66261,7 @@ @incollection{bib7370 year = {2019} } -@book{bib7371, +@book{bib7395, author = {Tosco, Mauro}, address = {Köln}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -66053,7 +66273,7 @@ @book{bib7371 year = {1997} } -@book{bib7372, +@book{bib7396, author = {Tosco, Mauro}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {Helmut Buske Verlag}, @@ -66062,7 +66282,7 @@ @book{bib7372 year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib7373, +@incollection{bib7397, author = {Tosco, Mauro}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel and Takács, Gábor and Appleyard, David L.}, address = {München}, @@ -66074,7 +66294,7 @@ @incollection{bib7373 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7374, +@incollection{bib7398, author = {Tosco, Mauro}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, address = {Berlin & New York}, @@ -66088,7 +66308,7 @@ @incollection{bib7374 year = {1992} } -@article{bib7375, +@article{bib7399, author = {Kaye, A. and Tosco, M.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, pages = {269-305}, @@ -66097,7 +66317,7 @@ @article{bib7375 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib7376, +@incollection{bib7400, author = {Savà, Graziano and Tosco, Mauro}, editor = {Machalík, Tomáš and Záhorřík, Jan}, booktitle = {VIVA Africa 2007. Proceedings of the IInd International Conference on African Studies, Pilsen, 27-28 April}, @@ -66106,7 +66326,7 @@ @incollection{bib7376 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7377, +@incollection{bib7401, author = {Tosco, Mauro}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IV Meeting on Comparative Semitics}, isbn = {9788447711635}, @@ -66116,7 +66336,7 @@ @incollection{bib7377 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7378, +@book{bib7402, author = {Toshihiro, Nobuta}, address = {Kyoto}, local_ids = {96140}, @@ -66125,7 +66345,7 @@ @book{bib7378 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib7379, +@incollection{bib7403, author = {Tournay, Serge}, editor = {Bender, Lionel M.}, address = {East Lansing}, @@ -66137,7 +66357,7 @@ @incollection{bib7379 year = {1981} } -@article{bib7380, +@article{bib7404, author = {Seignobos, Christian and Tourneux, Henry}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, number = {1}, @@ -66147,7 +66367,7 @@ @article{bib7380 year = {1984} } -@article{bib7381, +@article{bib7405, author = {Tourneux, H.}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, number = {2}, @@ -66157,7 +66377,7 @@ @article{bib7381 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7382, +@incollection{bib7406, author = {Tovar, Antonio}, address = {México, D.F.}, booktitle = {Actas y Memorias XXXV Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Mexico 1962}, @@ -66168,7 +66388,7 @@ @incollection{bib7382 year = {1964} } -@book{bib7383, +@book{bib7407, author = {Tovar, Antonio}, address = {Madrid}, publisher = {Instituto de Cooperacion Iberoamericana}, @@ -66176,7 +66396,7 @@ @book{bib7383 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7384, +@incollection{bib7408, author = {Tovar, Antonio}, address = {Lima}, booktitle = {XXXIX Congreso Internacional de Americanistas (Lima, 1970) Folklore Americano}, @@ -66187,7 +66407,7 @@ @incollection{bib7384 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7385, +@incollection{bib7409, author = {Wilson, Norman L. and Towne, Arlean H.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -66198,7 +66418,7 @@ @incollection{bib7385 year = {1978} } -@book{bib7386, +@book{bib7410, author = {Townsend, Elaine M. and Ballena D., Marlene and Swift, Kenneth E.}, pages = {216}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -66209,7 +66429,7 @@ @book{bib7386 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7387, +@incollection{bib7411, author = {Townsley, G.}, editor = {Santos, F. and Barclay, F.}, address = {Lima}, @@ -66221,7 +66441,7 @@ @incollection{bib7387 year = {1994} } -@book{bib7388, +@book{bib7412, author = {Tozzer, Alfred M.}, address = {Mass.}, pages = {334}, @@ -66232,14 +66452,14 @@ @book{bib7388 year = {1921} } -@book{bib7389, +@book{bib7413, author = {Tracy, Hubert P. and Tracy, Martha}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Fonemas del ica. Sistemas fonológicos de idiomas colombianbos}, year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7390, +@incollection{bib7414, author = {Tracy, F. V.}, editor = {Grimes, J. E.}, booktitle = {Languages of the Guianas}, @@ -66248,7 +66468,7 @@ @incollection{bib7390 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7391, +@incollection{bib7415, author = {Trager, G. L.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -66260,7 +66480,7 @@ @incollection{bib7391 year = {1946} } -@article{bib7392, +@article{bib7416, author = {Trager, Felicia Harben}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -66270,7 +66490,7 @@ @article{bib7392 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7393, +@book{bib7417, author = {Traill, Anthony}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -66280,7 +66500,7 @@ @book{bib7393 year = {1994} } -@article{bib7394, +@article{bib7418, author = {Traill, A.}, journal = {Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, number = {1}, @@ -66290,7 +66510,7 @@ @article{bib7394 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7395, +@incollection{bib7419, author = {Traill, Anthony}, editor = {Schladt, Mathias}, address = {Köln}, @@ -66302,7 +66522,7 @@ @incollection{bib7395 year = {1998} } -@book{bib7396, +@book{bib7420, author = {Traill, Anthony}, publisher = {Helmut Buske}, series = {Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung}, @@ -66311,7 +66531,7 @@ @book{bib7396 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib7397, +@incollection{bib7421, author = {Traill, Anthony}, editor = {Lanham, L. W. and Prinsloo, K. P.}, booktitle = {Language and communication studies in South Africa: current issues and directions in research and inquiry}, @@ -66320,7 +66540,7 @@ @incollection{bib7397 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7398, +@incollection{bib7422, author = {Traill, Anthony}, editor = {Nurse, Derek}, booktitle = {Historical Language Contact in Africa Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika}, @@ -66331,7 +66551,7 @@ @incollection{bib7398 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7399, +@book{bib7423, author = {Trefry, David}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics: Series B, 13}, @@ -66339,7 +66559,7 @@ @book{bib7399 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib7400, +@incollection{bib7424, author = {Trefry, D}, booktitle = {Oceania Linguistic Monographs 15}, pages = {106-13}, @@ -66347,7 +66567,7 @@ @incollection{bib7400 year = {1972} } -@book{bib7401, +@book{bib7425, author = {Trefry, Judy}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, series = {Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals, Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -66356,14 +66576,14 @@ @book{bib7401 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7402, +@book{bib7426, author = {Tregear, Edward and Smith, S. Percy}, publisher = {John Mackay, Government Printers}, title = {Vocabulary and Grammar of the Niué Dialect of the Polynesian Language}, year = {1907} } -@misc{bib7403, +@misc{bib7427, author = {Treis, Yvonne}, local_ids = {24632}, title = {"Documentation of Baskeet song, verbal art and ceremonial language" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -66371,14 +66591,14 @@ @misc{bib7403 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7404, +@book{bib7428, author = {Tribe, Southern Ute}, publisher = {Ute Press, The Southern Ute Tribe}, title = {Ute Reference Grammar}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7405, +@book{bib7429, author = {Tribe, Wiyot}, local_ids = {98849}, publisher = {Loleta}, @@ -66386,7 +66606,7 @@ @book{bib7405 url = {http://www.wiyot.us/language} } -@book{bib7406, +@book{bib7430, author = {of Louisiana, The Chitimacha Tribe}, address = {Charenton}, local_ids = {98820}, @@ -66395,7 +66615,7 @@ @book{bib7406 url = {http://chitimacha.gov/history-culture/language} } -@book{bib7407, +@book{bib7431, author = {of Oklahoma, Quapaw Tribe}, local_ids = {98857}, publisher = {Quapaw}, @@ -66403,7 +66623,7 @@ @book{bib7407 url = {https://www.quapawtribe.com/index.aspx?nid=89} } -@book{bib7408, +@book{bib7432, author = {Trillos Amaya, Maria}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, series = {Language of the World/Materials}, @@ -66412,7 +66632,7 @@ @book{bib7408 year = {1999} } -@book{bib7409, +@book{bib7433, author = {Tripp, Martha D.}, pages = {283}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -66423,13 +66643,13 @@ @book{bib7409 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib7410, +@misc{bib7434, author = {Triulzi, Alessandro}, title = {Prelude to the history of a no-man's land: Belā Shangul, Wallaggā, Ethiopia (ca.~1800-1898)}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7411, +@book{bib7435, author = {Triulzi, Alessandro}, address = {Napoli}, publisher = {Istituto universitario orientale, Seminario di studi africani}, @@ -66437,7 +66657,7 @@ @book{bib7411 year = {1981} } -@book{bib7412, +@book{bib7436, author = {Trivedi, G. M.}, address = {Calcutta}, pages = {233}, @@ -66446,7 +66666,7 @@ @book{bib7412 year = {1991} } -@book{bib7413, +@book{bib7437, author = {Trombetti, Alfredo}, address = {Bologna}, pages = {755}, @@ -66456,7 +66676,7 @@ @book{bib7413 year = {1923} } -@book{bib7414, +@book{bib7438, author = {Trombetti, Alfredo}, address = {Torino}, publisher = {Societè Editrice Internazionale}, @@ -66464,7 +66684,7 @@ @book{bib7414 year = {1925} } -@book{bib7415, +@book{bib7439, author = {Trost, Franz}, address = {Berlin}, local_ids = {98193}, @@ -66473,7 +66693,7 @@ @book{bib7415 year = {2002} } -@book{bib7416, +@book{bib7440, author = {Marmion, Doug and Obata, Kazuko and Troy, Jakelin}, institution = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS)}, isbn = {978192210224}, @@ -66483,7 +66703,7 @@ @book{bib7416 year = {2014} } -@article{bib7417, +@article{bib7441, author = {Trudinger, Ronald M.}, journal = {Oceania}, pages = {205-223}, @@ -66492,14 +66712,14 @@ @article{bib7417 year = {1942-1943} } -@book{bib7418, +@book{bib7442, author = {Trumbull, James Hammond}, publisher = {Government Printing Office}, title = {Natick Dictionary}, year = {1903} } -@misc{bib7419, +@misc{bib7443, author = {Truong, Vu}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {92120}, @@ -66509,7 +66729,7 @@ @misc{bib7419 year = {2012} } -@article{bib7420, +@article{bib7444, author = {Trupp, Fritz}, journal = {Wiener Völkerkundliche Mitteilungen}, pages = {93-94}, @@ -66518,7 +66738,7 @@ @article{bib7420 year = {1972} } -@book{bib7421, +@book{bib7445, author = {Tryon, Darrell T.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -66530,7 +66750,7 @@ @book{bib7421 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib7422, +@incollection{bib7446, author = {Tryon, Darrell}, editor = {Asher, R. E. and Moseley, Christopher}, booktitle = {Atlas of the World's Languages}, @@ -66542,7 +66762,7 @@ @incollection{bib7422 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7423, +@incollection{bib7447, author = {Tryon, Darrell}, editor = {Lynch, John and Ross, Malcolm and Crowley, Terry}, address = {Richmond}, @@ -66553,7 +66773,7 @@ @incollection{bib7423 year = {2002} } -@book{bib7424, +@book{bib7448, author = {Tryon, Darrell T.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -66563,7 +66783,7 @@ @book{bib7424 year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib7425, +@incollection{bib7449, author = {Tryon, Darrell T.}, editor = {Rigsby, Bruce and Sutton, Peter}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -66575,7 +66795,7 @@ @incollection{bib7425 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib7426, +@incollection{bib7450, author = {Tryon, Darrell}, editor = {Senft, Gunter}, booktitle = {Endangered Austronesian and Australian Aboriginal languages: essays on language documentation, archiving, and revitalization}, @@ -66586,7 +66806,7 @@ @incollection{bib7426 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7427, +@incollection{bib7451, author = {Tryon, Darrell}, editor = {Bowden, John and Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. and and Ross, Malcolm}, booktitle = {A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley}, @@ -66595,7 +66815,7 @@ @incollection{bib7427 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7428, +@incollection{bib7452, author = {Tryon, Darrell T.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals Australian Aboriginal Studies 38, Linguistic Series 16}, @@ -66605,7 +66825,7 @@ @incollection{bib7428 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7429, +@book{bib7453, author = {Tröbs, Holger}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -66613,7 +66833,7 @@ @book{bib7429 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib7430, +@misc{bib7454, author = {Tsehay, Kibebe}, local_ids = {24628}, title = {"Documentation and Grammatical Description of the Shabo Language: A Very Endangered Isolate Language of Southwestern Ethiopia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -66621,7 +66841,7 @@ @misc{bib7430 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7431, +@book{bib7455, author = {Tshiangale, Mupemba Wa}, address = {Antananarivo}, publisher = {Peace Corps}, @@ -66629,7 +66849,7 @@ @book{bib7431 year = {1996} } -@book{bib7432, +@book{bib7456, author = {Tsiapera, Maria}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -66638,7 +66858,7 @@ @book{bib7432 year = {1969} } -@article{bib7433, +@article{bib7457, author = {Nakano, Aki'o and Tsuge, Yoichi}, journal = {African Languages and Ethnography}, title = {A Vocabulary of Beni Amer Dialect of Tigre}, @@ -66646,7 +66866,7 @@ @article{bib7433 year = {1982} } -@article{bib7434, +@article{bib7458, author = {Tsuge, Yoichi}, journal = {Senri Ethnological Studies}, pages = {163-188}, @@ -66655,7 +66875,7 @@ @article{bib7434 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7435, +@incollection{bib7459, author = {Tsuge, Yoichi}, editor = {Fukui, Katsuyoshi and Kurimoto, Eisei and Shigeta, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {Ethiopia in broader perspective: papers of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Kyoto, 12-17 December 1997}, @@ -66664,7 +66884,7 @@ @incollection{bib7435 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7436, +@incollection{bib7460, author = {Tsukida, Naomi}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -66678,7 +66898,7 @@ @incollection{bib7436 year = {2005} } -@article{bib7437, +@article{bib7461, author = {Tsumagari, Toshiro}, journal = {Journal of the Graduate School of Letters}, local_ids = {98784}, @@ -66689,7 +66909,7 @@ @article{bib7437 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib7438, +@incollection{bib7462, author = {Tsumagari, Toshiro}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -66700,7 +66920,7 @@ @incollection{bib7438 year = {2003} } -@article{bib7439, +@article{bib7463, author = {Tsumagari, Toshiro}, journal = {Journal of the Graduate School of Letters}, local_ids = {98775}, @@ -66711,7 +66931,7 @@ @article{bib7439 year = {2009} } -@article{bib7440, +@article{bib7464, author = {Tsung, Linda and Dai, Qingxia}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {99027}, @@ -66723,7 +66943,7 @@ @article{bib7440 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7441, +@book{bib7465, author = {Tsunoda, Tasaku}, pages = {1-71}, series = {Nagoya Daigaku Bungakubu Kenkyuu Ronshuu [The Journal of the Faculty of Letters Nagoya University]}, @@ -66732,7 +66952,7 @@ @book{bib7441 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7442, +@incollection{bib7466, author = {Tsunoda, Tasaku}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -66741,7 +66961,7 @@ @incollection{bib7442 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7443, +@incollection{bib7467, author = {Tsunoda, Tasaku}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -66750,7 +66970,7 @@ @incollection{bib7443 year = {1000} } -@book{bib7444, +@book{bib7468, author = {Tsunoda, Tasaku}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -66760,14 +66980,14 @@ @book{bib7444 year = {1981} } -@book{bib7445, +@book{bib7469, author = {Tsunoda, Tasaku}, publisher = {Australian National University}, title = {The Djaru language of Kimberley, Western Australia}, year = {1995} } -@article{bib7446, +@article{bib7470, author = {Vaux, Bert and LaPorta, Sergio and Tucker, Emily}, journal = {Annual of Armenian Linguistics}, title = {Ethnographic Materials from the Muslim Hemshinli}, @@ -66775,14 +66995,14 @@ @article{bib7446 year = {1996} } -@book{bib7447, +@book{bib7471, author = {Tucker, A. N. and Bryan, M. A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Linguistic Analyses: the Non-Bantu Languages of North-Eastern Africa}, year = {1966} } -@article{bib7448, +@article{bib7472, author = {Tucker, A. N.}, journal = {African Studies}, pages = {341-354, 183-201, 33-48}, @@ -66791,7 +67011,7 @@ @article{bib7448 year = {1971, 1972, 1973} } -@article{bib7449, +@article{bib7473, author = {Tucker, Archibald N.}, journal = {African Studies}, pages = {341-354}, @@ -66800,7 +67020,7 @@ @article{bib7449 year = {1971} } -@article{bib7450, +@article{bib7474, author = {Tucker, Archibald N.}, journal = {African Studies}, pages = {183-201}, @@ -66809,7 +67029,7 @@ @article{bib7450 year = {1972} } -@article{bib7451, +@article{bib7475, author = {Tucker, Archibald N.}, journal = {African Studies}, pages = {33-48}, @@ -66818,7 +67038,7 @@ @article{bib7451 year = {1973} } -@article{bib7452, +@article{bib7476, author = {Tucker, A. N.}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {99-114}, @@ -66827,7 +67047,7 @@ @article{bib7452 year = {1951/1952} } -@incollection{bib7453, +@incollection{bib7477, author = {Tucker, A. N.}, editor = {und Herrmann Jungraithmayr, Hans-Jürgen Greschat}, booktitle = {Wort und Religion: Kalima na Dini: Studien zur Afrikanistik, Missionswissenschaft, Religionswissenschaft Ernst Dammann zum 65.~Geburtstag}, @@ -66836,7 +67056,7 @@ @incollection{bib7453 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib7454, +@incollection{bib7478, author = {Tucker, Archibald Norman and Bryan, Margaret and Woodburn, James}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Rottland, Franz and Heine, Bernd}, booktitle = {Zur Sprachgeschichte und Ethnohistorie in Afrika Neue Beiträge afrikanistischer Forschungen}, @@ -66846,7 +67066,7 @@ @incollection{bib7454 year = {1977} } -@article{bib7455, +@article{bib7479, author = {Tucker, A. N.}, journal = {Africa}, number = {1}, @@ -66856,14 +67076,14 @@ @article{bib7455 year = {1934} } -@book{bib7456, +@book{bib7480, author = {Tucker, A. N. and Bryan, M. A.}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {The Non-Bantu languages of North-Eastern Africa}, year = {1956} } -@book{bib7457, +@book{bib7481, author = {Tuggy, John C.}, pages = {258}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -66874,7 +67094,7 @@ @book{bib7457 year = {1966} } -@book{bib7458, +@book{bib7482, author = {Tuite, Kevin}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -66884,14 +67104,14 @@ @book{bib7458 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib7459, +@misc{bib7483, author = {Tumbahang, Govinda Bahadur}, title = {A descriptive grammar of Chhatthare Limbu}, url = {http://www.socialinclusion.org.np/new/files/Govinda%20Bahadur%20Tumbahang-Desciptive%20Grammar%20of%20Chhatthare%20L_1336391853c2dZ.pdf}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib7460, +@book{bib7484, author = {Tung, T'ung-Ho}, publisher = {Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica}, series = {Special Publications}, @@ -66900,14 +67120,14 @@ @book{bib7460 year = {1964} } -@misc{bib7461, +@misc{bib7485, author = {Tupper, Ian}, title = {Endangered Languages Listing: TURUMSA [tqm]}, url = {http://www.pnglanguages.org/pacific/png/show_lang_entry.asp?id=tqm}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib7462, +@book{bib7486, author = {Honsberger;, Murray Honsberger; Carol and Tupper, Ian}, address = {Ukarumpa}, local_ids = {99022}, @@ -66918,7 +67138,7 @@ @book{bib7462 year = {2008} } -@book{bib7463, +@book{bib7487, author = {Turin, Mark}, isbn = {9789004223745}, local_ids = {98175}, @@ -66928,19 +67148,19 @@ @book{bib7463 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7464, +@misc{bib7488, author = {Turin, Mark}, title = {A grammar of the Thangmi language with an ethnolinguistic introduction to the speakers and their culture}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib7465, +@misc{bib7489, author = {Turin, Mark}, title = {Certain Thangmi time adverbials}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib7466, +@article{bib7490, author = {Turin, Mark}, journal = {Journal of Asian and African Studies}, pages = {97-120}, @@ -66949,7 +67169,7 @@ @article{bib7466 year = {2004} } -@article{bib7467, +@article{bib7491, author = {Turnbull, Colin M.}, journal = {Uganda Journal}, number = {1}, @@ -66959,14 +67179,14 @@ @article{bib7467 year = {1967} } -@book{bib7468, +@book{bib7492, author = {Turner, Lorenzo}, publisher = {University of Chicago Press}, title = {Africanisms in the Gullah dialect}, year = {1949} } -@article{bib7469, +@article{bib7493, author = {Turner, Glen D.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -66976,7 +67196,7 @@ @article{bib7469 year = {1958} } -@book{bib7470, +@book{bib7494, author = {Turner, Blaine}, address = {Ukarampa}, local_ids = {98941}, @@ -66987,21 +67207,21 @@ @book{bib7470 year = {1986} } -@book{bib7471, +@book{bib7495, author = {Turner, Paul and Turner, Shirley}, publisher = {The University of Arizona Press}, title = {Chontal to Spanish-English Spanish to Chontal Dictionary}, year = {1971} } -@misc{bib7472, +@misc{bib7496, author = {Turner, Paul Raymond}, pages = {vi+335}, title = {Highland Chontal grammar}, year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib7473, +@incollection{bib7497, author = {Turner, Paul R.}, editor = {Langdon, Margaret and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {Hokan Studies}, @@ -67010,7 +67230,7 @@ @incollection{bib7473 year = {1976} } -@article{bib7474, +@article{bib7498, author = {Turner, Paul R.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -67020,7 +67240,7 @@ @article{bib7474 year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib7475, +@incollection{bib7499, author = {Turton, David}, editor = {Donham, Donald and James, Wendy}, booktitle = {The Southern marches of Imperial Ethiopia: Essays in history and social anthropology African studies series}, @@ -67031,7 +67251,7 @@ @incollection{bib7475 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7476, +@incollection{bib7500, author = {Turton, D.}, editor = {Perrot, Jean}, address = {Paris}, @@ -67043,7 +67263,7 @@ @incollection{bib7476 year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7477, +@incollection{bib7501, author = {Turton, David and Bender, M. Lionel}, editor = {Bender, M. Lionel}, booktitle = {The Non-Semitic Languages of Ethiopia}, @@ -67052,14 +67272,14 @@ @incollection{bib7477 year = {1976} } -@book{bib7478, +@book{bib7502, author = {Tzul, Julio Alberto and Cacao, Alfonso Tzimaj}, publisher = {Proyecto Linguistico Francisco Marroquin}, title = {Gramática del idioma q'eqchi'}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib7479, +@book{bib7503, author = {Tzul, Julio Alberto and Tzimaj Cacao, Alfonso}, pages = {127}, publisher = {Proyecto Lingüístico Francisco Marroquín, Guatemala}, @@ -67067,7 +67287,7 @@ @book{bib7479 year = {2002} } -@article{bib7480, +@article{bib7504, author = {Tài, Nguyẽ̂n Văn}, journal = {Mon-Khmer Studies: A Journal of Southeast Asian Linguistics and Languages}, pages = {231-264}, @@ -67076,21 +67296,21 @@ @article{bib7480 year = {1993} } -@book{bib7481, +@book{bib7505, author = {Ubrjatova, E. I}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Jazyk noril'skikh dolgan}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib7482, +@book{bib7506, author = {Uhlenbeck, Christianus Cornelius}, publisher = {Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers-Maatschappij}, title = {A Concise Blackfoot Grammar}, year = {1938} } -@book{bib7483, +@book{bib7507, author = {Uhlenbeck, C. C.}, address = {Amsterdam}, publisher = {Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen}, @@ -67100,27 +67320,27 @@ @book{bib7483 year = {1914} } -@book{bib7484, +@book{bib7508, author = {Uldall, Hans Jürgen and Shipley, William}, publisher = {University of California Press}, title = {Nisenan Texts and Dictionary}, year = {1966} } -@misc{bib7485, +@misc{bib7509, author = {Ulrich, C.}, title = {Chocktaw morphoponology}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib7486, +@book{bib7510, author = {Ulrich, Mateo and de Ulrich, Rosemary}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Bilingüe Maya Mopán y Español, Español y Maya Mopán}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7487, +@incollection{bib7511, author = {Ulrich, Matthew and Ulrich, Rosemary}, editor = {Mayers, Marvin K.}, booktitle = {Languages of Guatemala}, @@ -67129,26 +67349,26 @@ @incollection{bib7487 year = {1966} } -@book{bib7488, +@book{bib7512, author = {Ulrich, Matthew et al.}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Mopan Maya Verbs}, year = {1986} } -@misc{bib7489, +@misc{bib7513, author = {Ultan, R.}, title = {Konkow Grammar}, year = {1967} } -@misc{bib7490, +@misc{bib7514, author = {Underriner, Janne L.}, title = {Intonation and Syntax in Klamath}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib7491, +@misc{bib7515, author = {Underriner, Janne}, local_ids = {2295}, title = {"The Tolowa (TOL) Athabaskan Lexicon and Text Collection Project: Recording the Last Speakers of the Tolowa Dee-ni' Language" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -67156,7 +67376,7 @@ @misc{bib7491 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7492, +@book{bib7516, author = {Unruh, Ernesto and Kalisch, Hannes}, address = {Ya'alve-Saanga}, pages = {82}, @@ -67165,7 +67385,7 @@ @book{bib7492 year = {1999} } -@article{bib7493, +@article{bib7517, author = {Unseth, Peter}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {135-143}, @@ -67174,7 +67394,7 @@ @article{bib7493 year = {1986} } -@article{bib7494, +@article{bib7518, author = {Upson, B. W. and Longacre, R. E.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -67184,7 +67404,7 @@ @article{bib7494 year = {1965} } -@article{bib7495, +@article{bib7519, author = {Uranw, Ram Kisun and Yadav, Dev Narayan}, journal = {Nepalese Linguistics}, local_ids = {98194}, @@ -67196,7 +67416,7 @@ @article{bib7495 year = {2009} } -@article{bib7496, +@article{bib7520, author = {Urban, Greg}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {164-187}, @@ -67205,7 +67425,7 @@ @article{bib7496 year = {1985} } -@incollection{bib7497, +@incollection{bib7521, author = {Uribe, César}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -67217,7 +67437,7 @@ @incollection{bib7497 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7498, +@incollection{bib7522, author = {Uribe Piedrahíta, César}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -67229,7 +67449,7 @@ @incollection{bib7498 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7499, +@article{bib7523, author = {V. Gnanasundaram, R. Perialwar and Rangan, K.}, journal = {International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics}, local_ids = {98023}, @@ -67239,14 +67459,14 @@ @article{bib7499 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7500, +@book{bib7524, author = {Vajda, Edward J.}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Ket Prosodic Phonology}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib7501, +@book{bib7525, author = {Vajda, E.}, pages = {322-341}, publisher = {Tomskij gosudarstvennyj pedagogicheskij universitet}, @@ -67254,7 +67474,7 @@ @book{bib7501 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib7502, +@incollection{bib7526, author = {Vakhtin, Nikolai}, editor = {Kasten, Erich}, address = {Münster}, @@ -67267,7 +67487,7 @@ @incollection{bib7502 year = {1998} } -@article{bib7503, +@article{bib7527, author = {Vakhtin, Nikolay}, journal = {Linguistic and Oriental Studies from Ponzan}, pages = {47-82}, @@ -67276,7 +67496,14 @@ @article{bib7503 year = {1992} } -@book{bib7504, +@misc{bib7528, + author = {Valencia-H, Jorge}, + local_ids = {93340}, + title = {User suggestion}, + year = {2013} +} + +@book{bib7529, author = {Valentine, J. Randolph}, address = {Toronto}, publisher = {University of Toronto Press}, @@ -67284,19 +67511,19 @@ @book{bib7504 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7505, +@misc{bib7530, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar M.}, title = {Basic Verb Types and Argument Structures in Shibipo-Conibo}, year = {1997} } -@misc{bib7506, +@misc{bib7531, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar M.}, title = {Basic Verb Types and Argument Structures in Shipibo-Conibo}, year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7507, +@incollection{bib7532, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi}, booktitle = {The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation}, @@ -67305,7 +67532,7 @@ @incollection{bib7507 year = {2002} } -@article{bib7508, +@article{bib7533, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {209-239}, @@ -67314,7 +67541,7 @@ @article{bib7508 year = {1991} } -@article{bib7509, +@article{bib7534, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar M.}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, pages = {117-130}, @@ -67323,7 +67550,7 @@ @article{bib7509 year = {2010} } -@article{bib7510, +@article{bib7535, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar and Piñedo, L. M. and Maddieson, I.}, journal = {Journal of the International Phonetic Association}, pages = {287-290}, @@ -67332,13 +67559,13 @@ @article{bib7510 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7511, +@misc{bib7536, author = {Valenzuela, Pilar M.}, title = {Transitivity in Shipibo-Konibo grammar: a typologically oriented study}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib7512, +@book{bib7537, author = {Valiente-Noailles, Carlos}, address = {Rotterdam}, publisher = {A.~A.~Balkema}, @@ -67346,21 +67573,21 @@ @book{bib7512 year = {1993} } -@book{bib7513, +@book{bib7538, author = {Vall, M. N. and Kanakin, I. A.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Kategorija imeni v ketskom jazyke}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib7514, +@book{bib7539, author = {Vall, M. N. and Kanakin, I. A.}, publisher = {Nauka, Sibirskoe otdelenie}, title = {Kategorrii glagola v ketskom jazyke}, year = {1988} } -@book{bib7515, +@book{bib7540, author = {Vall, Margarita Nikolaevna and Kanakin, I. A.}, address = {NAUKA}, pages = {98, [6] S.}, @@ -67369,20 +67596,20 @@ @book{bib7515 year = {1990} } -@book{bib7516, +@book{bib7541, author = {Vall, M. N. and Kanakin, I. A.}, publisher = {Nauka Sibirskoe otdelenie / Nauka}, title = {Ocherk fonologii i grammatiki ketskogo jazyka}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib7517, +@misc{bib7542, author = {Vallejos, Rosa}, title = {Basic Clauses in Kokama-Kokamilla}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib7518, +@misc{bib7543, author = {Vallejos, Rosa}, local_ids = {2302}, title = {"Collaborative Research: Kokama-Kokamilla and Omagua: Documentation, Description and (Non-)Genetic Relationships" NSF DEL Abstract}, @@ -67390,7 +67617,7 @@ @misc{bib7518 year = {2010} } -@article{bib7519, +@article{bib7544, author = {Vallejos, Rosa}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {98755}, @@ -67400,7 +67627,7 @@ @article{bib7519 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7520, +@misc{bib7545, author = {Vallejos, Rosa}, local_ids = {24822}, title = {"Kokama-Kokamilla: texts, grammar and lexicon" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -67408,7 +67635,7 @@ @misc{bib7520 year = {2006} } -@article{bib7521, +@article{bib7546, author = {Vallejos, Rosa}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, local_ids = {99555}, @@ -67417,7 +67644,7 @@ @article{bib7521 year = {2021} } -@book{bib7522, +@book{bib7547, author = {Cott, Sara Van and Spencer, Juliann}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {98694}, @@ -67427,7 +67654,7 @@ @book{bib7522 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7523, +@incollection{bib7548, author = {Driem, George Van}, booktitle = {Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region (vol. 1)}, chapter = {4}, @@ -67440,13 +67667,13 @@ @incollection{bib7523 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7524, +@misc{bib7549, author = {Driem, George Van}, title = {Himalayan Languages Project: Gongduk}, url = {http://www.himalayanlanguages.org/?q=languages/gongduk} } -@incollection{bib7525, +@incollection{bib7550, author = {Driem, George Van}, editor = {Mosely, Christopher}, address = {London and NewYork}, @@ -67459,7 +67686,7 @@ @incollection{bib7525 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7526, +@incollection{bib7551, author = {Driem, George Van}, booktitle = {Languages of the Himalayas II}, chapter = {7}, @@ -67470,7 +67697,7 @@ @incollection{bib7526 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7527, +@misc{bib7552, author = {Egmond, Marie Van}, local_ids = {24819}, title = {"Investigation and documentation of the morpho-syntax of Anindilyakwa" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -67478,7 +67705,7 @@ @misc{bib7527 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib7528, +@incollection{bib7553, author = {Van Gysel, Jens L.}, booktitle = {Temporal Predicative Particles in Sanapaná and the Enlhet-Enenlhet Language Family (Paraguay): a Descriptive and Comparative Study.}, howpublished = {MA thesis}, @@ -67490,14 +67717,14 @@ @incollection{bib7528 year = {2017} } -@book{bib7529, +@book{bib7554, author = {Van Haitsma, Julia Dieterman and Haitsma, Willard Van}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {A Hierarchical Sketch of Mixe, as Spoken in San José El Paraiso}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7530, +@incollection{bib7555, author = {Linden, An Van}, editor = {Fleck, Roberto Zariquiey; Masayoshi Shibatani; David W.}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -67513,7 +67740,7 @@ @incollection{bib7530 year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib7531, +@incollection{bib7556, author = {Van Ness, Silke}, editor = {König, Ekkehard and van der Auwera, Johan}, booktitle = {The Germanic Languages}, @@ -67522,20 +67749,20 @@ @incollection{bib7531 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7532, +@misc{bib7557, author = {Van Valin, Robert D.}, title = {Aspects of Lakhota Syntax}, year = {1977} } -@misc{bib7533, +@misc{bib7558, author = {Way, John Van}, local_ids = {90481}, title = {Field notes on Nyagrong Minyag}, year = {2012} } -@article{bib7534, +@article{bib7559, author = {Way, Van and John and and Bzangpo, Bkrashis}, journal = {Linguistics Of The Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {2}, @@ -67545,7 +67772,7 @@ @article{bib7534 year = {2015} } -@book{bib7535, +@book{bib7560, author = {Van Wynen, Donald and de Van Wynen, Mabel Garrard}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, series = {Vocabularios Bolivianos}, @@ -67554,7 +67781,7 @@ @book{bib7535 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib7536, +@incollection{bib7561, author = {Van de Kerke, Simon}, editor = {by Mily Crevels and Muysken, Pieter}, booktitle = {Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 1: Ámbito Andino}, @@ -67566,7 +67793,7 @@ @incollection{bib7536 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib7537, +@incollection{bib7562, author = {Van der Lubbe, Gijs and Tokunaga, Akiko}, editor = {Heinrich and Patrick and Miyara and Shinsho and and Shimoji, Michinori.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -67578,7 +67805,7 @@ @incollection{bib7537 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7538, +@misc{bib7563, author = {der Veen, Lolke Van}, institution = {Sorosoro}, local_ids = {92300}, @@ -67587,7 +67814,7 @@ @misc{bib7538 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7539, +@misc{bib7564, author = {der Veen, Lolke Van}, howpublished = {Personal communication}, local_ids = {92280}, @@ -67596,13 +67823,13 @@ @misc{bib7539 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7540, +@misc{bib7565, author = {VanBik, Kenneth}, title = {Proto-Kuki-Chin}, year = {2006} } -@book{bib7541, +@book{bib7566, author = {VanBik, Kenneth}, publisher = {University of California at Berkeley}, series = {STEDT Monograph #8 (Burma, Myanmar, India, Bangladesh)}, @@ -67611,14 +67838,14 @@ @book{bib7541 year = {2009} } -@book{bib7542, +@book{bib7567, author = {Vaquero, P. Antonio}, publisher = {Estudios Venezolanos Indıgenas}, title = {Idioma Warao. Morfologıa, sintaxis, literatura (Warao language. Morphology, syntax, literature)}, year = {1965} } -@book{bib7543, +@book{bib7568, author = {Varma, Siddheshwar}, address = {Hoshiarpur}, publisher = {Vishveshvarand Institute, Panjab University}, @@ -67628,7 +67855,7 @@ @book{bib7543 year = {1989} } -@book{bib7544, +@book{bib7569, author = {Varol, Marie-Christine}, publisher = {Langues & Mondes L'asiatheque}, series = {Langues Inalco}, @@ -67637,19 +67864,19 @@ @book{bib7544 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib7545, +@misc{bib7570, author = {Vasconcelos, Ione P.}, title = {Aspectos da fonologia e morfologia da língua Aikanã}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib7546, +@misc{bib7571, author = {Vasconcelos, Eduardo Alves}, title = {Aspectos fonológicos da língua Xetá}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib7547, +@misc{bib7572, author = {Vaux, Bert}, title = {Hemshinli: The Forgotten Black Sea Armenians}, url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10}, @@ -67657,7 +67884,7 @@ @misc{bib7547 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib7548, +@incollection{bib7573, author = {Vaux, Bert}, editor = {Simonian, Hovann H}, address = {London}, @@ -67671,14 +67898,14 @@ @incollection{bib7548 year = {2007} } -@book{bib7549, +@book{bib7574, author = {Vaxrushev, Vasilij M.}, publisher = {s.n.}, title = {Udmurt-dzux slovar: 35 000 ëros kyles}, year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib7550, +@incollection{bib7575, author = {Vaxtin, N. B.}, editor = {Volodin and P., A. and et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -67687,7 +67914,7 @@ @incollection{bib7550 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7551, +@incollection{bib7576, author = {Vaxtin, Nikolaj B.}, editor = {Xrakovskij, Victor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -67696,7 +67923,7 @@ @incollection{bib7551 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7552, +@book{bib7577, author = {Veerman-Leichsenring, Annette}, address = {Netherlands}, publisher = {Research School CNWS}, @@ -67704,13 +67931,13 @@ @book{bib7552 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib7553, +@misc{bib7578, author = {Veinberg, Silvana}, title = {Interrogation in Argentine Sign Language: Non-manual Markers}, year = {1000} } -@article{bib7554, +@article{bib7579, author = {Veinberg, Silvana}, journal = {Sign Language Studies}, pages = {95-112}, @@ -67719,7 +67946,7 @@ @article{bib7554 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib7555, +@incollection{bib7580, author = {Huttar, G. L. and Velantie, F. J.}, editor = {Thomason, Sarah Grey}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -67731,7 +67958,7 @@ @incollection{bib7555 year = {1997} } -@article{bib7556, +@article{bib7581, author = {Velder, Christian}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {10-23}, @@ -67740,7 +67967,7 @@ @article{bib7556 year = {1963} } -@book{bib7557, +@book{bib7582, author = {Velie, Daniel}, pages = {32}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -67751,21 +67978,21 @@ @book{bib7557 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7558, +@book{bib7583, author = {Velie, Daniel and Velie, Virginia}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Orejon}, year = {1981} } -@book{bib7559, +@book{bib7584, author = {Vellard, Jehan A.}, publisher = {Universidad de Buenos Aires}, title = {Contribución al estudio de la Lengua Uru}, year = {1967} } -@article{bib7560, +@article{bib7585, author = {Vellard, Jehan A.}, journal = {Travaux de l'Institut Français d'Études Andines}, pages = {145-209, 51-89, 3-39}, @@ -67774,7 +68001,7 @@ @article{bib7560 year = {1949, 1950, 1951} } -@book{bib7561, +@book{bib7586, author = {Vellard, Jean-Albert}, publisher = {Toulouse}, series = {Monographies du Centre d'Hémotypologie}, @@ -67782,7 +68009,7 @@ @book{bib7561 year = {1973} } -@article{bib7562, +@article{bib7587, author = {Vellard, Jehan}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {223-292}, @@ -67791,20 +68018,20 @@ @article{bib7562 year = {1934} } -@book{bib7563, +@book{bib7588, author = {Vellard, Jehan A.}, publisher = {Universidad de Buenos Aires}, title = {Vocabulario Toba}, year = {1969} } -@misc{bib7564, +@misc{bib7589, author = {Velten, Carl}, title = {Kikami, die Sprache der Wakami in Deutsch-Ostafrika}, year = {1899} } -@incollection{bib7565, +@incollection{bib7590, author = {Venkatesan, D.}, editor = {Hladik, C. M. and Hladik, A. and Linares, O. F. and Pagezy, H. and Semple, A. and Hadle, M.}, address = {Paris}, @@ -67816,7 +68043,7 @@ @incollection{bib7565 year = {1993} } -@book{bib7566, +@book{bib7591, author = {Ventzel, T. V.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -67825,7 +68052,7 @@ @book{bib7566 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib7567, +@incollection{bib7592, author = {Verner, G. K.}, editor = {Volodin, A. P. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -67834,7 +68061,7 @@ @incollection{bib7567 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7568, +@incollection{bib7593, author = {Verner, G. K.}, editor = {Volodin, A. P. et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -67843,14 +68070,14 @@ @incollection{bib7568 year = {1999} } -@book{bib7569, +@book{bib7594, author = {Jonkman, R.J. and Versloot, A.P.}, publisher = {Afuk}, title = {Tusken talen: It ferhaal fan de Fryske taal}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib7570, +@article{bib7595, author = {Versteegh, Kees}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, pages = {177-187}, @@ -67859,7 +68086,7 @@ @article{bib7570 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7571, +@book{bib7596, author = {Versteegh, C. H. M Versteegh; Kees}, local_ids = {99389}, pages = {213-215}, @@ -67868,7 +68095,7 @@ @book{bib7571 year = {1997} } -@article{bib7572, +@article{bib7597, author = {Verstraete, Jean-Christophe}, journal = {Language Sciences}, local_ids = {88679}, @@ -67880,14 +68107,14 @@ @article{bib7572 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib7573, +@misc{bib7598, author = {Vesalainen, Olavi}, title = {A grammar sketch of Lhomi}, url = {http://www.sil.org/resources/archives/59176}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib7574, +@book{bib7599, author = {Vesalainen, O. and Vesalainen, M.}, publisher = {Australian National University}, series = {Pacific Linguistics, Series B}, @@ -67896,7 +68123,7 @@ @book{bib7574 year = {1980} } -@book{bib7575, +@book{bib7600, author = {Granberry, Julian and Vescelius, Gary S.}, address = {Tuscaloosa}, publisher = {The University of Alabama Press}, @@ -67904,7 +68131,7 @@ @book{bib7575 year = {2004} } -@article{bib7576, +@article{bib7601, author = {Vetter, Eva}, journal = {Linguistic Minorities in Europe Online}, local_ids = {99653}, @@ -67914,7 +68141,7 @@ @article{bib7576 year = {2020} } -@book{bib7577, +@book{bib7602, author = {Viana, Adriana M. S.}, pages = {42-48}, publisher = {Integração Lingüística, Étnica e Social, Goiânia -- 8 a 10 de outubro de 2003 Brasilia}, @@ -67922,7 +68149,7 @@ @book{bib7577 year = {2004} } -@phdthesis{bib7578, +@phdthesis{bib7603, author = {Victor, Ahum}, local_ids = {98099}, school = {Jawaharlal Nehru University}, @@ -67930,7 +68157,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7578 year = {1997} } -@article{bib7579, +@article{bib7604, author = {Victoria, Romero Cruz. Isabel}, journal = {Mundo Amazónico}, local_ids = {99302}, @@ -67942,7 +68169,7 @@ @article{bib7579 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7580, +@incollection{bib7605, author = {Vidal, Alejandra}, editor = {Comrie, Bernard and Golluscio, Lucía}, booktitle = {Language Contact and Documentation/Contacto lingüístico y documentación,}, @@ -67954,13 +68181,13 @@ @incollection{bib7580 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7581, +@misc{bib7606, author = {Vidal, Alejandra}, title = {Pilagá grammar (Guaykuruan family, Argentina)}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib7582, +@article{bib7607, author = {Vidal y Pinell, Ramón}, journal = {Amazonía Colombiana Americanista}, pages = {95-109}, @@ -67969,7 +68196,7 @@ @article{bib7582 year = {1969-1970} } -@incollection{bib7583, +@incollection{bib7608, author = {Vidyarthi, L. P.}, editor = {Wallace, Anthony F. C.}, booktitle = {Men and cultures: selected papers of the Fifth International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Philadelphia, September 1-9, 1956}, @@ -67978,7 +68205,7 @@ @incollection{bib7583 year = {1960} } -@article{bib7584, +@article{bib7609, author = {Viegas Barros, Pedro}, journal = {Cuadernos del Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano}, pages = {167-184}, @@ -67987,7 +68214,7 @@ @article{bib7584 year = {1994} } -@article{bib7585, +@article{bib7610, author = {Vieira Gomes, Jussara}, journal = {Boletim do Museu do Indio (Documentação)}, pages = {1-37}, @@ -67996,7 +68223,7 @@ @article{bib7585 year = {1997} } -@book{bib7586, +@book{bib7611, author = {Vielman, Julio and Mayers, Marvin K.}, pages = {438}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación}, @@ -68006,7 +68233,7 @@ @book{bib7586 year = {1966} } -@article{bib7587, +@article{bib7612, author = {Vignati, Milcíades A.}, journal = {Boletín de la Academia Argentina de Letras}, number = {32}, @@ -68016,7 +68243,7 @@ @article{bib7587 year = {1940} } -@article{bib7588, +@article{bib7613, author = {Vignati, Milcíades A.}, journal = {Boletín de la Academia Argentina de Letras}, number = {30}, @@ -68026,13 +68253,13 @@ @article{bib7588 year = {1940} } -@misc{bib7589, +@misc{bib7614, author = {Vilacy Galucio, Ana}, title = {The Morphosyntax of Mekens (Tupi)}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib7590, +@article{bib7615, author = {Vilera, Diana}, journal = {Boletín de lingüística}, pages = {79-99}, @@ -68041,13 +68268,13 @@ @article{bib7590 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib7591, +@misc{bib7616, author = {Villafañe, Lucrecia}, title = {Descripción de la lengua yuki}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib7592, +@misc{bib7617, author = {Villard, Stéphanie}, local_ids = {24711}, title = {"Documentation of Zacatepec Chatino language and culture" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -68055,7 +68282,7 @@ @misc{bib7592 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7593, +@book{bib7618, author = {Villarejo, A.}, address = {Lima}, publisher = {Compñía de Impresiones y Publicidad}, @@ -68063,7 +68290,7 @@ @book{bib7593 year = {1943} } -@book{bib7594, +@book{bib7619, author = {Villas Boas, Orlando and Villas Boas, Claudio}, address = {Rio de Janeiro}, publisher = {Zahar Ed}, @@ -68071,7 +68298,7 @@ @book{bib7594 year = {1972} } -@book{bib7595, +@book{bib7620, author = {Villegas V., Betty and Walton, Janice P. and Walton, James W.}, pages = {84}, publisher = {Ministerio de Gobierno}, @@ -68079,7 +68306,7 @@ @book{bib7595 year = {1975} } -@misc{bib7596, +@misc{bib7621, author = {Vincent, Audra Mona Marie}, howpublished = {M.A. thesis}, institution = {University of British Columbia}, @@ -68089,7 +68316,7 @@ @misc{bib7596 year = {2014} } -@book{bib7597, +@book{bib7622, author = {Vinci, Alfonso}, address = {Bari}, publisher = {Leonardo da Vinci}, @@ -68097,7 +68324,7 @@ @book{bib7597 year = {1956} } -@article{bib7598, +@article{bib7623, author = {Vinson, Julien}, journal = {L'Année Linguistique}, pages = {105-115}, @@ -68106,21 +68333,21 @@ @article{bib7598 year = {1911} } -@misc{bib7599, +@misc{bib7624, author = {Vinson, Michael A.}, title = {The struggle for recognition: a critical ethnographic study of the Zay}, url = {https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/24136/ASC-075287668-3432-01.pdf?sequence=2}, year = {2012} } -@book{bib7600, +@book{bib7625, author = {Virdis, M.}, publisher = {Edizione della Torre}, title = {Fonetica del dialetto sardo campidanese}, year = {1978} } -@book{bib7601, +@book{bib7626, author = {Visser, Eline}, institution = {Centre for Languages and Literature}, local_ids = {99640}, @@ -68131,7 +68358,7 @@ @book{bib7601 year = {2020} } -@incollection{bib7602, +@incollection{bib7627, author = {Visser, Hessel}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt-am-Main}, @@ -68146,7 +68373,7 @@ @incollection{bib7602 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7603, +@book{bib7628, author = {Visser, Hessel and Visser, Coby}, address = {Gantsi, Botswana}, pages = {55}, @@ -68155,14 +68382,14 @@ @book{bib7603 year = {2001} } -@misc{bib7604, +@misc{bib7629, author = {Visser, Eline}, local_ids = {99479}, title = {Personal Communication on Karas}, year = {2019} } -@incollection{bib7605, +@incollection{bib7630, author = {Visser, Hessel}, editor = {Schladt, Mathias}, address = {Köln}, @@ -68177,7 +68404,7 @@ @incollection{bib7605 year = {1998} } -@article{bib7606, +@article{bib7631, author = {Vital, Ericksen}, journal = {globo.com}, local_ids = {98852}, @@ -68186,7 +68413,7 @@ @article{bib7606 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7607, +@book{bib7632, author = {Vittadello, P. Alberto}, address = {Guayaquil}, publisher = {Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Sede de Esmeraldas, Museo del Banco Central del Ecuador}, @@ -68196,7 +68423,7 @@ @book{bib7607 year = {1988} } -@article{bib7608, +@article{bib7633, author = {Viñas Urquiza, Marıa Teresa}, journal = {Cuadernos de Lingüıstica Indıgena}, pages = {1-82}, @@ -68205,14 +68432,14 @@ @article{bib7608 year = {1970} } -@book{bib7609, +@book{bib7634, author = {Viñas Urquiza, Marıa Teresa}, publisher = {Centro de Estudios Lingüısticos}, title = {Lengua mataca}, year = {1974} } -@incollection{bib7610, +@incollection{bib7635, author = {Voegelin, C. F.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -68224,7 +68451,7 @@ @incollection{bib7610 year = {1946} } -@article{bib7611, +@article{bib7636, author = {Voegelin, Charles F.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {116-135}, @@ -68233,14 +68460,14 @@ @article{bib7611 year = {1956} } -@book{bib7612, +@book{bib7637, author = {Voegelin, Charles F.}, publisher = {Indiana Historical Society}, title = {Shawnee stems and the Jacob P. Dunn Miami dictionary. Part 1-5}, year = {1000} } -@book{bib7613, +@book{bib7638, author = {Voegelin, Charles F.}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, pages = {55-189}, @@ -68251,7 +68478,7 @@ @book{bib7613 year = {1935} } -@article{bib7614, +@article{bib7639, author = {Voegelin, Charles F.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {3}, @@ -68261,7 +68488,7 @@ @article{bib7614 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib7615, +@incollection{bib7640, author = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and Voeltz, F. K. Erhard}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -68276,19 +68503,19 @@ @incollection{bib7615 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7616, +@misc{bib7641, author = {Vogel, Alan}, title = {Gender and Gender Agreement in Jarawara (Arawa)}, year = {1989} } -@misc{bib7617, +@misc{bib7642, author = {Vogel, Alan}, title = {Jarawara Verb Classes}, year = {2003} } -@article{bib7618, +@article{bib7643, author = {Vogt, Friedrich}, journal = {Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien}, pages = {200-221, 352-377}, @@ -68297,7 +68524,7 @@ @article{bib7618 year = {1904} } -@article{bib7619, +@article{bib7644, author = {Vogt, P.}, journal = {ZfE}, pages = {30-45, 849-874}, @@ -68306,7 +68533,7 @@ @article{bib7619 year = {1902, 1903} } -@book{bib7620, +@book{bib7645, author = {Vogt, Hans}, address = {Oslo}, publisher = {Norwegian Academy of Sciences / Jacob Dybwad}, @@ -68314,14 +68541,14 @@ @book{bib7620 year = {1940} } -@book{bib7621, +@book{bib7646, author = {Vogt-Svendsen, Marit}, publisher = {UNIPUB (Akademika AS)}, title = {Interrogative strukturer i Norsk tegnsprak}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib7622, +@misc{bib7647, author = {Voica, Radu}, local_ids = {24660}, title = {"Documentation of Blablanga, Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -68329,21 +68556,21 @@ @misc{bib7622 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7623, +@misc{bib7648, author = {Voica, Rados}, local_ids = {97400}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib7624, +@book{bib7649, author = {Voigtlander, Katherine and Echegoyen, Artemisa}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Luces Contemporaneas del Otomı: Gramática del Otomı de la Sierra}, year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib7625, +@incollection{bib7650, author = {Vollrath, Paul W.}, editor = {Clifton, John M.}, address = {Ukarumpa}, @@ -68355,7 +68582,7 @@ @incollection{bib7625 year = {1985} } -@book{bib7626, +@book{bib7651, author = {Kämpfe, Hans-Rainer and Volodin, Alexander P.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -68365,7 +68592,7 @@ @book{bib7626 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib7627, +@incollection{bib7652, author = {Volodin, Aleksandr P. and Skorik, P.}, editor = {Volodin and P., A. and et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -68374,7 +68601,7 @@ @incollection{bib7627 year = {1996} } -@book{bib7628, +@book{bib7653, author = {Georg, S. and Volodin, A. P.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -68384,7 +68611,7 @@ @book{bib7628 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7629, +@incollection{bib7654, author = {Volodin, Aleksandr P.}, editor = {Xrakovskij, Viktor S.}, booktitle = {Typology of Imperative Constructions}, @@ -68393,7 +68620,7 @@ @incollection{bib7629 year = {2001} } -@incollection{bib7630, +@incollection{bib7655, author = {Volodin, A. P.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A. and Mühlhäusler, Peter and Tryon, Darrell T.}, booktitle = {Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas}, @@ -68402,7 +68629,7 @@ @incollection{bib7630 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7631, +@incollection{bib7656, author = {Volodin, A. P. and Zhukova, A. N.}, editor = {Vinogradov, V. V.}, booktitle = {Jazyki narodov SSSR. Volume 5: Mongol'skie, Tunguso-Man'chzhurskie i Paleoaziatskie Jazyki}, @@ -68411,7 +68638,7 @@ @incollection{bib7631 year = {1968} } -@book{bib7632, +@book{bib7657, author = {Volodin, A. P.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -68419,7 +68646,7 @@ @book{bib7632 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7633, +@incollection{bib7658, author = {Volodin, Aleksandr P.}, editor = {Volodin and P., A. and et al.}, booktitle = {Jazyki mira: paleoaziatskie jazyki}, @@ -68428,7 +68655,7 @@ @incollection{bib7633 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7634, +@incollection{bib7659, author = {Volodin, Aleksandr P.}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentcheva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -68437,7 +68664,7 @@ @incollection{bib7634 year = {2007} } -@book{bib7635, +@book{bib7660, author = {Hovdhaugen, E. and Hoëm, I. and Iosefo, C. Mahina and Vonen, A. Muruvik}, address = {Oslo}, publisher = {Norwegian University Press}, @@ -68447,7 +68674,7 @@ @book{bib7635 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7636, +@incollection{bib7661, author = {Vonen, Arnfinn Muruvik}, editor = {Hovdhaugen, Even and Mosel, Ulrike}, booktitle = {Negation in Oceanic Languages}, @@ -68456,7 +68683,7 @@ @incollection{bib7636 year = {1999} } -@book{bib7637, +@book{bib7662, author = {Voorhis, Paul H.}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana University}, @@ -68466,14 +68693,14 @@ @book{bib7637 year = {1974} } -@book{bib7638, +@book{bib7663, author = {Voorhis, Paul H.}, publisher = {Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics}, title = {Kickapoo Vocabulary}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7639, +@incollection{bib7664, author = {Voorhis, Paul}, editor = {Rudes, Blair A. and Costa, David J.}, booktitle = {Essays in Algonquian, Catawban, and Siouan Linguistics, Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics Memoir}, @@ -68484,7 +68711,7 @@ @incollection{bib7639 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7640, +@incollection{bib7665, author = {Voorhoeve, C. L.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -68496,7 +68723,7 @@ @incollection{bib7640 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7641, +@book{bib7666, author = {Voorhoeve, C. L.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -68508,7 +68735,7 @@ @book{bib7641 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib7642, +@incollection{bib7667, author = {Voorhoeve, C. L.}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 14 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -68519,7 +68746,7 @@ @incollection{bib7642 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib7643, +@incollection{bib7668, author = {Voorhoeve, C. L.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -68531,7 +68758,7 @@ @incollection{bib7643 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7644, +@book{bib7669, author = {Voorhoeve, C.L.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99335}, @@ -68540,13 +68767,13 @@ @book{bib7644 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib7645, +@misc{bib7670, author = {Voorhoeve, C.L.}, title = {The Tidorese language: A linguistic appraisal}, year = {1994} } -@book{bib7646, +@book{bib7671, author = {Vossen, Rainer}, address = {Köln}, publisher = {Rüdiger Köppe}, @@ -68556,7 +68783,7 @@ @book{bib7646 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7647, +@incollection{bib7672, author = {Rottland, Franz and Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Rottland, Franz and Heine, Bernd}, booktitle = {Zur Sprachgeschichte und Ethnohistorie in Afrika: neue Beiträge afrikanistischer Forschungen}, @@ -68565,7 +68792,7 @@ @incollection{bib7647 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib7648, +@incollection{bib7673, author = {Güldemann, Tom and Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek}, booktitle = {African Languages: An Introduction}, @@ -68574,7 +68801,7 @@ @incollection{bib7648 year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib7649, +@incollection{bib7674, author = {Sommer, Gabi and Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Batibo, Herman M. and Smieja, Birgit}, address = {Frankfurt-am-Main}, @@ -68589,7 +68816,7 @@ @incollection{bib7649 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7650, +@book{bib7675, author = {Vossen, Rainer}, address = {Beyreuth}, pages = {83}, @@ -68600,7 +68827,7 @@ @book{bib7650 year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7651, +@incollection{bib7676, author = {Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Hieda, Osamu and König, Christa and Nakagawa, Hirosi}, address = {Amsterdam & Philadelphia}, @@ -68614,7 +68841,7 @@ @incollection{bib7651 year = {2011} } -@article{bib7652, +@article{bib7677, author = {Sommer, G. and Vossen, Rainer}, journal = {AuU}, pages = {1-42}, @@ -68623,7 +68850,7 @@ @article{bib7652 year = {1992} } -@article{bib7653, +@article{bib7678, author = {Vossen, Rainer}, journal = {Botswana Notes and Records}, pages = {19-35}, @@ -68632,7 +68859,7 @@ @article{bib7653 year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib7654, +@incollection{bib7679, author = {Vossen, Rainer}, editor = {Vossen, Rainer and Keuthmann, Klaus}, address = {Hamburg}, @@ -68647,7 +68874,7 @@ @incollection{bib7654 year = {1986} } -@book{bib7655, +@book{bib7680, author = {Heine, Bernd and Vossen, Rainer}, pages = {81-104}, publisher = {AuU. LIX}, @@ -68655,20 +68882,20 @@ @book{bib7655 year = {1976} } -@misc{bib7656, +@misc{bib7681, author = {Vovin, Dr. Alexander "Sasha"}, local_ids = {91280}, title = {Personal Communication} } -@book{bib7657, +@book{bib7682, author = {Vroklage, Bernardus A. G.}, publisher = {Leiden}, title = {Ethnographie der Belu in Zentral-Timor}, year = {1952} } -@misc{bib7658, +@misc{bib7683, author = {Vuillermet, Marine}, local_ids = {99599}, school = {Université Lumière Lyon 2}, @@ -68676,7 +68903,7 @@ @misc{bib7658 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7659, +@misc{bib7684, author = {Vuillermet, Marine}, local_ids = {24671}, title = {"Documentation of the Ese Ejja language of the Amazonian region of Bolivia" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -68684,13 +68911,13 @@ @misc{bib7659 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7660, +@misc{bib7685, author = {Vycichl, Werner}, title = {Jlan n Isiwan: Sketch of the Berber Language of the Oasis of Siwa (Egypt)}, year = {1991} } -@book{bib7661, +@book{bib7686, author = {Lissarrague, Amanda and Wafer, Jim}, address = {Nambucca Heads, NSW}, copied_from = {ll_pub}, @@ -68702,21 +68929,21 @@ @book{bib7661 year = {2008} } -@book{bib7662, +@book{bib7687, author = {Wagley, Charles}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Welcome of Tears: The Tapirapé Indians of Central Brazil}, year = {1977} } -@book{bib7663, +@book{bib7688, author = {Wagner, M. L.}, publisher = {Trois}, title = {Fonetica storica del sardo}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib7664, +@article{bib7689, author = {Wagner, Ewald}, journal = {Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften}, title = {Syntax der Mehri-Sprache: Unter Berücksichtigung auch der anderen neusüdarabischen Sprachen}, @@ -68724,20 +68951,20 @@ @article{bib7664 year = {1953} } -@book{bib7665, +@book{bib7690, author = {Wagner, Ewald}, publisher = {Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften}, title = {Syntax der Mehri-Sprache unter Berücksicktigung auch der anderen neusüdarabischen Sprachen}, year = {1953} } -@misc{bib7666, +@misc{bib7691, author = {Wagner, Joachim}, title = {Undersuchungen zur Grammatik des Hadza}, year = {1988} } -@incollection{bib7667, +@incollection{bib7692, author = {Wagner, Günter}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Handbook of American Indian Languages 3 Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin}, @@ -68748,14 +68975,14 @@ @incollection{bib7667 year = {1933} } -@book{bib7668, +@book{bib7693, author = {Wagner, Günter}, publisher = {Columbia University Press}, title = {Yuchi}, year = {1934} } -@incollection{bib7669, +@incollection{bib7694, author = {Wagner, Günter}, editor = {Boas, Franz}, booktitle = {Publications of the American Ethnological Society 13}, @@ -68763,7 +68990,7 @@ @incollection{bib7669 year = {1931} } -@phdthesis{bib7670, +@phdthesis{bib7695, author = {Walker, Neil Alexander}, institution = {University of California Santa Barbara}, local_ids = {98428}, @@ -68773,7 +69000,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7670 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib7671, +@incollection{bib7696, author = {Walker, Willard}, editor = {Crawford, James M.}, booktitle = {Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages}, @@ -68782,7 +69009,7 @@ @incollection{bib7671 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7672, +@book{bib7697, author = {Walker, Alan T.}, editor = {Verhaar, Amran Halim; Bambang Kaswanti Purwo; Soenjono Dardjowidjojo; Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo; I. Suharno; John W.M.}, local_ids = {99455}, @@ -68791,7 +69018,7 @@ @book{bib7672 volume = {13} } -@book{bib7673, +@book{bib7698, author = {Walker, Alan T.}, address = {Jakarta}, publisher = {Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya}, @@ -68801,7 +69028,7 @@ @book{bib7673 year = {1982} } -@misc{bib7674, +@misc{bib7699, author = {Walker, Roland W.}, pages = {79-94}, title = {Language use at Namatota: a sociolinguistic profile}, @@ -68809,7 +69036,7 @@ @misc{bib7674 year = {1982} } -@article{bib7675, +@article{bib7700, author = {Walker, Willard}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -68819,7 +69046,7 @@ @article{bib7675 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7676, +@incollection{bib7701, author = {Brightman, Robert A. and Wallace, Pamela S.}, editor = {Fogelson, Raymond D.}, address = {Washinton, D. C.}, @@ -68831,7 +69058,7 @@ @incollection{bib7676 year = {2004} } -@incollection{bib7677, +@incollection{bib7702, author = {Wallace, William J.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -68842,7 +69069,7 @@ @incollection{bib7677 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7678, +@incollection{bib7703, author = {Wallace, William J.}, editor = {Heizer, Robert F.}, booktitle = {California Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -68853,14 +69080,14 @@ @incollection{bib7678 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7679, +@incollection{bib7704, author = {Wallin, Ruth and Baptista, Priscilla M.}, booktitle = {Gramáticas estructurales de lenguas bolivianas 3 Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, title = {Baure}, year = {1965} } -@article{bib7680, +@article{bib7705, author = {Wallis, Ethel E.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {75-82}, @@ -68869,7 +69096,7 @@ @article{bib7680 year = {1964} } -@article{bib7681, +@article{bib7706, author = {Wallis, Ethel E.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {453-459}, @@ -68878,7 +69105,7 @@ @article{bib7681 year = {1956} } -@article{bib7682, +@article{bib7707, author = {Wallis, Ethel E.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {76-90}, @@ -68887,7 +69114,7 @@ @article{bib7682 year = {1968} } -@incollection{bib7683, +@incollection{bib7708, author = {Walsh, Michae}, editor = {Walsh, Michael and Yallop, Colin}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -68902,7 +69129,7 @@ @incollection{bib7683 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib7684, +@incollection{bib7709, author = {Walsh, Michael}, editor = {Thieberger, Nick and McGregor, William}, booktitle = {Macquarie Aboriginal Words: A Dictionary of Words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages}, @@ -68911,7 +69138,7 @@ @incollection{bib7684 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7685, +@incollection{bib7710, author = {Walsh, M.}, editor = {Romaine, S.}, booktitle = {Language in Australia}, @@ -68923,13 +69150,13 @@ @incollection{bib7685 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib7686, +@misc{bib7711, author = {Walsh, Michael J.}, title = {The Murinypata Language of North-West Australia}, year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7687, +@incollection{bib7712, author = {Walters, Diane}, editor = {Golla, Victor and Silver, Shirley}, booktitle = {no booktitle Northern California Texts, International Journal of American Linguistics, Native American Text Series}, @@ -68940,7 +69167,7 @@ @incollection{bib7687 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7688, +@book{bib7713, author = {Walton, James W. and Walton, Janice P. and Pakky, Clementina}, address = {Bogotá}, pages = {v+219}, @@ -68949,7 +69176,7 @@ @book{bib7688 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7689, +@incollection{bib7714, author = {Walton, James and Walton, Janice}, editor = {Waterhouse, Viola G.}, booktitle = {Phonemic Systems of Colombian Languages}, @@ -68958,14 +69185,14 @@ @incollection{bib7689 year = {1967} } -@book{bib7690, +@book{bib7715, author = {Walton, James W. and Walton, Janice P.}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Una Grammatica de la Lengua Muinane}, year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib7691, +@incollection{bib7716, author = {Waltz, Nathan E.}, editor = {Longacre, Robert E.}, booktitle = {Discourse Grammar: studies in indigeneous languages of Colombia. Panama and Ecuador}, @@ -68974,7 +69201,7 @@ @incollection{bib7691 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7692, +@incollection{bib7717, author = {Waltz, N. and Waltz, C.}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -68983,7 +69210,7 @@ @incollection{bib7692 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7693, +@book{bib7718, author = {Waltz, Nathan E.}, pages = {139}, publisher = {Ministerio de Gobierno}, @@ -68991,7 +69218,7 @@ @book{bib7693 year = {1976} } -@article{bib7694, +@article{bib7719, author = {Hancock-Teed, J. Drew and Walworth, Mary}, isbn = {2756-1224}, journal = {Language Documentation & Description}, @@ -69003,31 +69230,31 @@ @article{bib7694 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib7695, +@misc{bib7720, author = {Wambaliau, Theresia}, title = {Draft Laporan Survei pada Bahasa Kosare di Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib7696, +@misc{bib7721, author = {Wambaliau, Theresia}, title = {Draft Laporan Survei pada Bahasa Mawes di Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib7697, +@misc{bib7722, author = {Wambaliau, Theresia}, title = {Draft Laporan Survei pada Bahasa Tofanma di Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib7698, +@misc{bib7723, author = {Wambaliau, Theresia}, title = {Draft Laporan Survei pada Bahasa Towe di Papua, Indonesia}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib7699, +@article{bib7724, author = {Burling, R. and Wancho, M.}, journal = {LTBA}, pages = {43-71}, @@ -69036,7 +69263,7 @@ @article{bib7699 year = {1999} } -@article{bib7700, +@article{bib7725, author = {Wande, Jarmo Lainio; Erling}, isbn = {DOI: 10.1515/soci-2015-0009}, journal = {Sociolinguistica}, @@ -69048,7 +69275,7 @@ @article{bib7700 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7701, +@misc{bib7726, author = {Wane, Hamine}, local_ids = {24716}, title = {"Documenting cultural events in Cangin, a Noon language of Senegal" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -69056,21 +69283,21 @@ @misc{bib7701 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7702, +@book{bib7727, author = {Wang and 王均, Jun and and 鄭國喬, Guoqiao Zheng}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {仫佬語簡志 [A sketch grammar of Mulao]}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7703, +@book{bib7728, author = {Wang, Yuqin 王玉琴}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House}, title = {雅礱江中下游地區的族群互動與認同: 以九龍"里汝"藏族為中心的考察 [Ethnic Groups in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yalong River: Interaction and Identity, A Case Study of the Lizu Tibetans of Jiulong County]}, year = {2012} } -@article{bib7704, +@article{bib7729, author = {Wang, Feng}, journal = {Cahiers de Linguistique - Asie Orientale}, number = {1}, @@ -69080,14 +69307,14 @@ @article{bib7704 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7705, +@book{bib7730, author = {Wang, Dehe 王德和}, publisher = {Sichuan University Press}, title = {爾蘇藏族文化研究 [Study of Ersu Tibetan culture]}, year = {2010} } -@article{bib7706, +@article{bib7731, author = {Wang and 王軼之, Yizhi and and 符昌忠, Changzhong Fu}, journal = {民族語文 Minority Languages of China}, number = {6}, @@ -69097,14 +69324,14 @@ @article{bib7706 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7707, +@book{bib7732, author = {WarCloud, Paul}, publisher = {Tekakwitha Fine Arts Center}, title = {Dakotah Sioux Indian Dictionary}, year = {1971} } -@book{bib7708, +@book{bib7733, author = {Warren, C. P.}, address = {Lisse}, publisher = {The Peter de Ridder Press}, @@ -69114,7 +69341,7 @@ @book{bib7708 year = {1975} } -@article{bib7709, +@article{bib7734, author = {Wasserstrom and Robert and Reider, Susan and and Lara, Rommel}, journal = {Ethnohistory}, local_ids = {98352}, @@ -69125,14 +69352,14 @@ @article{bib7709 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7710, +@book{bib7735, author = {Watahomigie, Lucille J. and Berder, Foriqire and Yamimoto, Akira Y. and Mapatis, Elnora and Manakaja, Fosie and Powskey, Malinda}, publisher = {American Indian Studies Center, UCLA}, title = {Hualapai Reference Grammar}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib7711, +@book{bib7736, author = {Watahomigie, L. and Bender, J. and Watahomigie, P. and A. Y. Yamamoto with E. Mapatis, M. Powskey and Steele, J.}, publisher = {ELPR Publication, Gakuin University}, series = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim Project}, @@ -69141,7 +69368,7 @@ @book{bib7711 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7712, +@book{bib7737, author = {Watanabe, Honoré}, address = {Osaka}, publisher = {ELPR}, @@ -69151,7 +69378,7 @@ @book{bib7712 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7713, +@incollection{bib7738, author = {Waterhouse, V. G.}, editor = {Langdon, M. and Silver, S.}, booktitle = {Hokan Studies: Papers from the first Conference of Hokan Languages held in San Diego, California April 23-25, 1970}, @@ -69160,7 +69387,7 @@ @incollection{bib7713 year = {1976} } -@book{bib7714, +@book{bib7739, author = {Waterhouse, V.}, address = {D. F.}, publisher = {Centro de Investigación para la Integración Social, México}, @@ -69169,7 +69396,7 @@ @book{bib7714 year = {1980} } -@incollection{bib7715, +@incollection{bib7740, author = {Waterhouse, Viola}, editor = {Wauchope, Robert}, booktitle = {Handbook of Middle American Indians}, @@ -69178,7 +69405,7 @@ @incollection{bib7715 year = {1967} } -@article{bib7716, +@article{bib7741, author = {Waterhouse, Viola}, journal = {México Antiguo}, pages = {229-314}, @@ -69187,7 +69414,7 @@ @article{bib7716 year = {1949} } -@book{bib7717, +@book{bib7742, author = {Waterhouse, V.}, address = {Bloomington}, publisher = {Indiana university}, @@ -69197,7 +69424,7 @@ @book{bib7717 year = {1962} } -@book{bib7718, +@book{bib7743, author = {Waters, Bruce E.}, pages = {231+xii}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -69207,7 +69434,7 @@ @book{bib7718 year = {1983} } -@book{bib7719, +@book{bib7744, author = {Waters, Bruce E.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -69219,13 +69446,13 @@ @book{bib7719 year = {1989} } -@misc{bib7720, +@misc{bib7745, author = {Watkins, Laurel J.}, title = {A grammar of Kiowa}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7721, +@book{bib7746, author = {Watkins, Laurel J.}, address = {Lincoln}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, @@ -69234,21 +69461,21 @@ @book{bib7721 year = {1984} } -@book{bib7722, +@book{bib7747, author = {Watkins, Justin}, publisher = {Brill}, title = {Dictionary of Wa (2 vols)}, year = {2013} } -@book{bib7723, +@book{bib7748, author = {Watkins, Justin}, publisher = {Pacific Linguistics}, title = {The phonetics of Wa: experimental phonetics, phonology, orthography and sociolinguistics}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib7724, +@misc{bib7749, author = {Watson, Rachel}, local_ids = {24918}, title = {"A documentation of Kujireray and research into its nominal and verbal derivational morphology" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -69256,7 +69483,7 @@ @misc{bib7724 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7725, +@book{bib7750, author = {Watson, Janet C. E.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -69266,7 +69493,7 @@ @book{bib7725 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib7726, +@misc{bib7751, author = {Boone, Douglas and Watson, Richard L.}, pages = {260}, title = {Moru - Ma'di Survey Report}, @@ -69274,7 +69501,7 @@ @misc{bib7726 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7727, +@incollection{bib7752, author = {Watson and Glover-Stalls and Al-razihi and and Weir}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies}, local_ids = {99620}, @@ -69284,7 +69511,7 @@ @incollection{bib7727 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7728, +@book{bib7753, author = {Watson, Janet C.E.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {3447067365}, @@ -69296,14 +69523,14 @@ @book{bib7728 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7729, +@book{bib7754, author = {Watters, David E.}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {A Grammar of Kham}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib7730, +@incollection{bib7755, author = {Watters, Stephen}, editor = {Kansakar, Tej Ratna and Turin, Mark}, booktitle = {Themes in Himalayan languages and linguistics}, @@ -69312,14 +69539,14 @@ @incollection{bib7730 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7731, +@book{bib7756, author = {Watters, David and Watters, Nancy}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {An English-Kham Kham-English Glossary}, year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7732, +@incollection{bib7757, author = {Watters, David E.}, editor = {Hale, Austin}, booktitle = {Clause, sentence, and discourse patterns in selected languages of Nepal. Volume 1: General approach}, @@ -69328,7 +69555,7 @@ @incollection{bib7732 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7733, +@incollection{bib7758, author = {Watters, David E.}, editor = {Yadava, Yogendra P. and Bhattarai, Govinda and Lohani, Ram Raj and Prasain, Balaram and Parajuli, Krishna}, booktitle = {Contemporary issues in Nepalese linguistics}, @@ -69337,7 +69564,7 @@ @incollection{bib7733 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7734, +@book{bib7759, author = {Watters, David E.}, publisher = {National Foundation for the Development of Indigenous Nationalities}, title = {Notes on Kusunda grammar: A language isolate of Nepal}, @@ -69345,7 +69572,7 @@ @book{bib7734 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib7735, +@incollection{bib7760, author = {Watters, James K.}, editor = {Shibatani, Masayoshi and Thompson, Sandra A.}, booktitle = {Grammatical Constructions. Their Form and Meaning}, @@ -69354,19 +69581,19 @@ @incollection{bib7735 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib7736, +@misc{bib7761, author = {Watters, David E.}, title = {The Kham Language of West-Central Nepal (Takale Dialect)}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib7737, +@misc{bib7762, author = {Watters, James K.}, title = {Topics in Tepehua Grammar}, year = {1988} } -@article{bib7738, +@article{bib7763, author = {Watuseke, F.S.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, pages = {274-285}, @@ -69375,7 +69602,7 @@ @article{bib7738 year = {1976} } -@incollection{bib7739, +@incollection{bib7764, author = {Zeb, Khan and Wazir, Abdullah}, editor = {Makki, Muhammad and Azam, Aizah and Akash, Syed Ali and Khan, Faryal}, booktitle = {Forced Migration and Conflict-Induced Displacement: Impacts and Prospective Responses}, @@ -69388,7 +69615,7 @@ @incollection{bib7739 year = {2020} } -@book{bib7740, +@book{bib7765, author = {Weber, David John}, address = {Berkeley and Los Angeles}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -69400,7 +69627,7 @@ @book{bib7740 year = {1989} } -@article{bib7741, +@article{bib7766, author = {Webster, Jeffrey D.}, journal = {Journal of Nepalese Literature, Art and Culture}, local_ids = {98085}, @@ -69410,7 +69637,7 @@ @article{bib7741 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7742, +@book{bib7767, author = {Wedekind, Klaus and Wedekind, Charlotte}, copied_from = {EBALL}, local_ids = {85125}, @@ -69422,7 +69649,7 @@ @book{bib7742 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib7743, +@incollection{bib7768, author = {Wedekind, Klaus}, address = {Wiesbaden}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia Aethiopica}, @@ -69434,7 +69661,7 @@ @incollection{bib7743 year = {2010} } -@article{bib7744, +@article{bib7769, author = {Wedekind, Klaus}, journal = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, title = {Sociolinguistic survey report of the languages of the Gawwada, Tsamay and Diraasha areas with excursions to Birayle (Ongota) and Arbore (Irbore) part II}, @@ -69442,7 +69669,7 @@ @article{bib7744 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib7745, +@misc{bib7770, author = {Siebert, Ralph and Siebert, Kati and Wedekind, Klaus}, howpublished = {Online report}, institution = {SIL International}, @@ -69452,7 +69679,7 @@ @misc{bib7745 year = {2002} } -@misc{bib7746, +@misc{bib7771, author = {Wedekind, Charlotte and Wedekind, Klaus and Siebert, Ralph}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, institution = {SIL Electronic Survey Reports}, @@ -69463,7 +69690,7 @@ @misc{bib7746 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib7747, +@incollection{bib7772, author = {Weerasekara, R.A.D. Priyanka}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the First International Conference on Linguistics in Sri Lanka}, pages = {72}, @@ -69472,7 +69699,7 @@ @incollection{bib7747 year = {2015} } -@book{bib7748, +@book{bib7773, author = {Wegener, Claudia .U.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {14097}, @@ -69486,7 +69713,7 @@ @book{bib7748 year = {2008} } -@article{bib7749, +@article{bib7774, author = {Wegener, Claudia}, journal = {Grazer Linguistische Studien}, pages = {29-52}, @@ -69495,7 +69722,7 @@ @article{bib7749 year = {2005} } -@article{bib7750, +@article{bib7775, author = {Wehrli, H. J.}, journal = {Archives internationales d'ethnographie: Supplement}, title = {Ethnologie der Chingpaw (Kachin) von Ober-Burma}, @@ -69503,14 +69730,14 @@ @article{bib7750 year = {1904} } -@book{bib7751, +@book{bib7776, author = {Weiers, Michael}, publisher = {Westdeutscher Verlag}, title = {Die Sprache der Moghol der Provinz Herat in Afghanistan}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7752, +@incollection{bib7777, author = {Weiers, Michael}, editor = {Juha Janhunen}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -69521,14 +69748,14 @@ @incollection{bib7752 year = {2003} } -@book{bib7753, +@book{bib7778, author = {Weiers, Michael}, publisher = {Westdeutscher Verlag}, title = {Schriftliche Quellen in Mogoli}, year = {1975} } -@article{bib7754, +@article{bib7779, author = {Weinreich, Matthia}, journal = {Iran & the Caucasus}, local_ids = {98040}, @@ -69538,13 +69765,13 @@ @article{bib7754 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7755, +@misc{bib7780, author = {Weir, E. M. Helen}, title = {A negaçao e outros topicos da gramática Nadëb}, year = {1984} } -@article{bib7756, +@article{bib7781, author = {Weir, E. M. Helen}, journal = {Lingua}, pages = {291-316}, @@ -69553,7 +69780,7 @@ @article{bib7756 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7757, +@incollection{bib7782, author = {Weir, E. M. Helen}, booktitle = {Typological Studies in Negation John Benjamins}, pages = {291-323}, @@ -69561,13 +69788,13 @@ @incollection{bib7757 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7758, +@misc{bib7783, author = {Weisshar, Emmerich}, title = {Die Stellung des Warao und Yanomama in Beziehung zu den Indigenen Sprachen Südamerikas Nördlich des Amazonas: Studien zur genetischen und areal-typologischen Klassifikation}, year = {1982} } -@incollection{bib7759, +@incollection{bib7784, author = {Weisshar, E. and Illius, B.}, editor = {Illius, B. and Laubscher, M.}, booktitle = {Circumpacifica. Festschrift für T.S. Barthel. Volume 1: Mittel- und Südamerica}, @@ -69576,7 +69803,7 @@ @incollection{bib7759 year = {1990} } -@article{bib7760, +@article{bib7785, author = {Weisshar, Emmerich}, journal = {Revista Española de Antropología Americana}, pages = {109-135}, @@ -69585,7 +69812,7 @@ @article{bib7760 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7761, +@incollection{bib7786, author = {Weldon, Tracey L.}, editor = {Montgomery, Michael and Johnson, Ellen}, booktitle = {The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture}, @@ -69599,7 +69826,7 @@ @incollection{bib7761 year = {2006} } -@phdthesis{bib7762, +@phdthesis{bib7787, author = {Wellens, Inneke}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {6719}, @@ -69609,7 +69836,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7762 year = {2003} } -@incollection{bib7763, +@incollection{bib7788, author = {Welmers, W. E.}, editor = {Kotey, Paul F. A. and Der-Houssikian, Haig}, booktitle = {Language and linguistic problems in Africa: proceedings of the VII conference on African linguistics, Gainesville, April 23-25, 1976}, @@ -69618,14 +69845,14 @@ @incollection{bib7763 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7764, +@book{bib7789, author = {Weltfish, Gene}, publisher = {G. E. Stechert and Company}, title = {Caddoan Texts}, year = {1937} } -@article{bib7765, +@article{bib7790, author = {Weltfish, Gene}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {44-75}, @@ -69634,14 +69861,14 @@ @article{bib7765 year = {1936} } -@book{bib7766, +@book{bib7791, author = {Werner, Heinrich}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Abriss der kottischen Grammatik}, year = {1997} } -@book{bib7767, +@book{bib7792, author = {Werner, Heinrich}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -69651,7 +69878,7 @@ @book{bib7767 year = {1997} } -@book{bib7768, +@book{bib7793, author = {Werner, Heinrich}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -69661,7 +69888,7 @@ @book{bib7768 year = {1997} } -@incollection{bib7769, +@incollection{bib7794, author = {Werner, Brigitte}, editor = {Gholami, Saloumeh}, booktitle = {Endangered Iranian Languages}, @@ -69671,20 +69898,20 @@ @incollection{bib7769 year = {2018} } -@book{bib7770, +@book{bib7795, author = {Werner, Heinrich}, publisher = {Harrassowitz}, title = {Zur Typologie der Jenissej-Sprachen}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib7771, +@misc{bib7796, author = {Wessels, Kanauhea Janion}, title = {Malua Bay: A description of the Malua Bay language (Malekula, Vanuatu)}, year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib7772, +@incollection{bib7797, author = {Welch, Betty and West, Birdie}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -69693,20 +69920,20 @@ @incollection{bib7772 year = {2000} } -@book{bib7773, +@book{bib7798, author = {West, Birdie}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, title = {Gramática Popular del Tucano}, year = {1980} } -@misc{bib7774, +@misc{bib7799, author = {Westerlund, Torbjörn}, title = {A grammatical sketch of Ngarla: A language of Western Australia}, year = {2007} } -@book{bib7775, +@book{bib7800, author = {Westermann, Diedrich}, address = {Hamburg}, publisher = {L. Friederichsen & Co.}, @@ -69716,7 +69943,7 @@ @book{bib7775 year = {1921} } -@book{bib7776, +@book{bib7801, author = {Westermann, Diedrich}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen)}, @@ -69724,7 +69951,7 @@ @book{bib7776 year = {1922} } -@article{bib7777, +@article{bib7802, author = {Westermann, D.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {7-33}, @@ -69733,7 +69960,7 @@ @article{bib7777 year = {1933} } -@article{bib7778, +@article{bib7803, author = {Westermann, D.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {1-52}, @@ -69742,7 +69969,7 @@ @article{bib7778 year = {1935} } -@article{bib7779, +@article{bib7804, author = {Westermann, D.}, journal = {Mittheilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen}, pages = {1-59}, @@ -69751,7 +69978,7 @@ @article{bib7779 year = {1922} } -@article{bib7780, +@article{bib7805, author = {Westphal, E. O. J.}, journal = {Journal of African Languages}, pages = {1-11}, @@ -69760,7 +69987,7 @@ @article{bib7780 year = {1962} } -@article{bib7781, +@article{bib7806, author = {Westphal, E. O. J.}, journal = {African language studies}, pages = {30-48}, @@ -69769,7 +69996,7 @@ @article{bib7781 year = {1962} } -@incollection{bib7782, +@incollection{bib7807, author = {Westphal, E.O.J.}, editor = {Snyman, J.W.}, booktitle = {Bushman and Hottentot linguistic studies (Papers of seminar held on 27 July 1979)}, @@ -69778,14 +70005,14 @@ @incollection{bib7782 year = {1980} } -@book{bib7783, +@book{bib7808, author = {Wexler, P.}, publisher = {Peace Corps Training Programs, University of Washington}, title = {Beginning Aymara. A Course for English Speakers}, year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib7784, +@incollection{bib7809, author = {Whaley, Lindsay J.}, editor = {Terrell, John Edward}, booktitle = {Archaeology, language, and history: essays on culture and ethnicity}, @@ -69794,7 +70021,7 @@ @incollection{bib7784 year = {2001} } -@article{bib7785, +@article{bib7810, author = {Wheatley, J.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {80-100}, @@ -69803,7 +70030,7 @@ @article{bib7785 year = {1969} } -@article{bib7786, +@article{bib7811, author = {Wheatley, J.}, journal = {Linguistics}, pages = {105-115}, @@ -69812,7 +70039,7 @@ @article{bib7786 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7787, +@incollection{bib7812, author = {Wheeler, Max}, editor = {Harris, M. and Vincent, N.}, booktitle = {The Romance Languages}, @@ -69821,7 +70048,7 @@ @incollection{bib7787 year = {1988} } -@book{bib7788, +@book{bib7813, author = {Waltz, Nathan E. and Wheeler, Alva}, pages = {119-149}, publisher = {In Comparative Studies in Amerindian Languages Mouton de Gruyter}, @@ -69829,7 +70056,7 @@ @book{bib7788 year = {1972} } -@book{bib7789, +@book{bib7814, author = {Whistler, Kenneth W.}, pages = {42–94}, publisher = {Survey of California and Other Indian Languages}, @@ -69837,7 +70064,7 @@ @book{bib7789 year = {1981} } -@article{bib7790, +@article{bib7815, author = {Whistler, Kenneth W.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -69847,7 +70074,7 @@ @article{bib7790 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib7791, +@incollection{bib7816, author = {Whistler, Kenneth W.}, editor = {Chafe, W. and Nichols, J.}, booktitle = {Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology}, @@ -69856,7 +70083,7 @@ @incollection{bib7791 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7792, +@incollection{bib7817, author = {Whistler, Kenneth}, editor = {Nichols, J. and Woodbury, A. C.}, booktitle = {Grammar Inside and Outside the Clause}, @@ -69865,7 +70092,7 @@ @incollection{bib7792 year = {1986} } -@incollection{bib7793, +@incollection{bib7818, author = {Whistler, Kenneth W.}, editor = {Bright, William}, booktitle = {Coyote Stories International Journal of American Linguistics Native American Texts Series}, @@ -69876,13 +70103,13 @@ @incollection{bib7793 year = {1978} } -@misc{bib7794, +@misc{bib7819, author = {Whistler, Kenneth W.}, title = {Patwin Folk-taxonomic Structures}, year = {1976} } -@article{bib7795, +@article{bib7820, author = {White, Steve}, howpublished = {online}, journal = {Mirror News}, @@ -69893,7 +70120,7 @@ @article{bib7795 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7796, +@book{bib7821, author = {White, Walter Grainge}, address = {London}, publisher = {Seeley, Service & Co.}, @@ -69901,20 +70128,20 @@ @book{bib7796 year = {1922} } -@book{bib7797, +@book{bib7822, author = {White, John K. and White, Ellanor P.}, publisher = {Ancient Lifeways Institute}, title = {The Wea Interpreter: a Compilation of the Vocabulary Words}, year = {1990} } -@misc{bib7798, +@misc{bib7823, author = {Whitehead, Carl R.}, title = {Tense, aspect, mood and modality verbal morphology in Menya}, year = {1986} } -@article{bib7799, +@article{bib7824, author = {Whitehouse, Paul}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {262-274}, @@ -69923,20 +70150,20 @@ @article{bib7799 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib7800, +@misc{bib7825, author = {Whitehouse, Paul}, title = {Type-up of anonymous Kehu wordlist from SIL Indonesia}, year = {n.d.} } -@misc{bib7801, +@misc{bib7826, author = {Whiteley, Johanna}, local_ids = {97300}, title = {Personal Communication}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib7802, +@article{bib7827, author = {Whitman, W.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -69946,7 +70173,7 @@ @article{bib7802 year = {1947} } -@misc{bib7803, +@misc{bib7828, author = {Whitney, Henry and Whitney, Virginia}, institution = {SIL PNG}, local_ids = {92905}, @@ -69955,7 +70182,7 @@ @misc{bib7803 year = {1991} } -@book{bib7804, +@book{bib7829, author = {Whorf, Benjamin Lee}, publisher = {University of Chicago Library}, series = {Microfilm Collection of Manuscripts on Middle American Cultural Anthropology}, @@ -69964,7 +70191,7 @@ @book{bib7804 year = {1935} } -@incollection{bib7805, +@incollection{bib7830, author = {Whorf, B. L.}, editor = {Hoijer, Harry}, address = {New York}, @@ -69976,7 +70203,7 @@ @incollection{bib7805 year = {1946} } -@incollection{bib7806, +@incollection{bib7831, author = {Rapold, Christian J. and Widlok, Thomas}, address = {Pietermaritzburg, South Africa}, booktitle = {Khoekhoe and the origins of herding in southern Africa Southern African Humanities}, @@ -69987,7 +70214,7 @@ @incollection{bib7806 year = {2008} } -@phdthesis{bib7807, +@phdthesis{bib7832, author = {Widmer, Manuel}, local_ids = {98923}, school = {University of Bern}, @@ -69996,14 +70223,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib7807 year = {2014} } -@book{bib7808, +@book{bib7833, author = {Wiedemann, F. J.}, publisher = {Eggers}, title = {Grammatik der ersa-mordwinischen Sprache}, year = {1865} } -@book{bib7809, +@book{bib7834, author = {Wielenga, D. K.}, address = {Batavia}, publisher = {Landsdrukkerij}, @@ -70013,7 +70240,7 @@ @book{bib7809 year = {1910} } -@book{bib7810, +@book{bib7835, author = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Janua Linguarum: Series Practica}, @@ -70022,7 +70249,7 @@ @book{bib7810 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7811, +@incollection{bib7836, author = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, editor = {Wiesemann, Ursula}, booktitle = {Pronominal Systems}, @@ -70031,7 +70258,7 @@ @incollection{bib7811 year = {1986} } -@book{bib7812, +@book{bib7837, author = {Wiklund, K. B.}, address = {Helsinki}, publisher = {Soumalais-Ugrilainen Seura}, @@ -70041,7 +70268,7 @@ @book{bib7812 year = {1890} } -@article{bib7813, +@article{bib7838, author = {Wilbert, J.}, journal = {Memoria de la Sociedad de ciencias naturales La Salle}, pages = {5-27}, @@ -70050,7 +70277,7 @@ @article{bib7813 year = {1961} } -@incollection{bib7814, +@incollection{bib7839, author = {Wilbert, Johannes}, editor = {Fröhlich, W.}, booktitle = {Völkerkundliche Forschungen Ethnologica, N.F.}, @@ -70061,7 +70288,7 @@ @incollection{bib7814 year = {1960} } -@book{bib7815, +@book{bib7840, author = {Wilbert, J.}, pages = {83-101}, publisher = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes. LI}, @@ -70069,7 +70296,7 @@ @book{bib7815 year = {1962} } -@book{bib7816, +@book{bib7841, author = {Wilbur, Joshua Karl}, address = {Berline}, local_ids = {98742}, @@ -70080,7 +70307,7 @@ @book{bib7816 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib7817, +@incollection{bib7842, author = {Riessler, Michael and Wilbur, Joshua}, editor = {Bull, Tove and Kusmenko, Jurij and Rießler, Michael}, booktitle = {Språk og språkforhold i Sápmi}, @@ -70094,7 +70321,7 @@ @incollection{bib7817 year = {2007} } -@article{bib7818, +@article{bib7843, author = {Wilbur, Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi; Joshua}, journal = {Nordic Journal of Linguistics}, local_ids = {92660}, @@ -70104,7 +70331,7 @@ @article{bib7818 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib7819, +@misc{bib7844, author = {Wilbur, Joshua}, local_ids = {24848}, title = {"The Pite Saami Documentation Project" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -70112,7 +70339,7 @@ @misc{bib7819 year = {2008} } -@article{bib7820, +@article{bib7845, author = {Wilde, Christopher P.}, journal = {Himalayan Linguistics Journal}, local_ids = {98180}, @@ -70123,7 +70350,7 @@ @article{bib7820 year = {2011} } -@article{bib7821, +@article{bib7846, author = {Wilhelm, J. H.}, journal = {Jahrbuch des Museums für Völkerkunde}, pages = {8-44}, @@ -70132,7 +70359,7 @@ @article{bib7821 year = {1955} } -@article{bib7822, +@article{bib7847, author = {Wilhelm, J. H.}, journal = {Jahrbuch des Museums für Völkerkunde}, pages = {91-189}, @@ -70141,7 +70368,7 @@ @article{bib7822 year = {1953} } -@incollection{bib7823, +@incollection{bib7848, author = {Wilkendorf, Patricia}, editor = {Pike, E. G. and Saint, R.}, booktitle = {Workpapers Concerning Waorani Discourse Features}, @@ -70150,13 +70377,13 @@ @incollection{bib7823 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib7824, +@misc{bib7849, author = {Wilkins, David P.}, title = {Mparntwe Arrernte (Aranda): Studies in the Structure and Semantics of Grammar}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib7825, +@book{bib7850, author = {Williams, Herbert W.}, address = {Wellington}, publisher = {GP Books}, @@ -70164,7 +70391,7 @@ @book{bib7825 year = {1971} } -@book{bib7826, +@book{bib7851, author = {Williams, M.}, address = {New York}, publisher = {Garland}, @@ -70172,7 +70399,7 @@ @book{bib7826 year = {1976} } -@book{bib7827, +@book{bib7852, author = {Williams, Corinne J.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -70182,7 +70409,7 @@ @book{bib7827 year = {1980} } -@misc{bib7828, +@misc{bib7853, author = {Williams, Cindy}, pages = {xv+167}, title = {A grammar sketch of Dex͡tschwamex͡tschwana}, @@ -70190,7 +70417,7 @@ @misc{bib7828 year = {1993} } -@misc{bib7829, +@misc{bib7854, author = {Williams, Holly}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99224}, @@ -70198,13 +70425,13 @@ @misc{bib7829 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7830, +@misc{bib7855, author = {Barbour, Julie and Rangelov, Tihomir and Dodd, Royce and Moore, Alice and Williams, Claudia}, title = {Common, local and personal noun formation in the languages of Malekula}, year = {2019} } -@book{bib7831, +@book{bib7856, author = {Williams, James}, pages = {2 p. l., [3]-413 S.}, publisher = {Verlag der Internationalen Zeitschrift "Anthropos"}, @@ -70214,7 +70441,7 @@ @book{bib7831 year = {1932} } -@article{bib7832, +@article{bib7857, author = {Williams, G.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, @@ -70226,14 +70453,14 @@ @article{bib7832 year = {1994} } -@book{bib7833, +@book{bib7858, author = {Williams, Reverend James}, publisher = {Anthropos}, title = {Languages of the Makuchi Indians}, year = {1932} } -@article{bib7834, +@article{bib7859, author = {Williams, James}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {193-252, 201-261}, @@ -70242,7 +70469,7 @@ @article{bib7834 year = {1928, 1929} } -@article{bib7835, +@article{bib7860, author = {Williams, Jeffrey P.}, journal = {Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages}, number = {1}, @@ -70252,13 +70479,13 @@ @article{bib7835 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib7836, +@misc{bib7861, author = {Williamson, Kay}, title = {A Grammar of the Kolokuma Dialect of Ijo}, year = {1964} } -@book{bib7837, +@book{bib7862, author = {Williamson, Kay}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, series = {West African Language Monographs}, @@ -70267,7 +70494,7 @@ @book{bib7837 year = {1965} } -@book{bib7838, +@book{bib7863, author = {Williamson, Kay}, address = {University of Ibadan, Nigeria}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -70278,13 +70505,13 @@ @book{bib7838 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib7839, +@misc{bib7864, author = {Willie, MaryAnn}, title = {Navajo Pronouns and Obviation}, year = {1991} } -@incollection{bib7840, +@incollection{bib7865, author = {Willie, MaryAnn}, editor = {Eloise Jelinek, Sally Midgette and Rice, Keren and Saxon, Leslie}, booktitle = {Athabaskan Language Studies, Essays in honor of Robert W. Young}, @@ -70293,7 +70520,7 @@ @incollection{bib7840 year = {1996} } -@phdthesis{bib7841, +@phdthesis{bib7866, author = {Willis, Christina M.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {9908}, @@ -70303,7 +70530,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7841 year = {2007} } -@book{bib7842, +@book{bib7867, author = {Haag, Marcia and Willis, Henry}, address = {Norman}, publisher = {University of Oklahoma Press}, @@ -70311,7 +70538,7 @@ @book{bib7842 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7843, +@book{bib7868, author = {Wilson, Patricia R.}, institution = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, local_ids = {98996}, @@ -70323,7 +70550,7 @@ @book{bib7843 year = {1980} } -@article{bib7844, +@article{bib7869, author = {Wilson, W. A. A.}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, @@ -70335,7 +70562,7 @@ @article{bib7844 year = {1993} } -@article{bib7845, +@article{bib7870, author = {Wilson, W. A. A.}, journal = {Journal of West African Languages}, number = {2}, @@ -70345,7 +70572,7 @@ @article{bib7845 year = {1984} } -@book{bib7846, +@book{bib7871, author = {Wilson, Stephen}, address = {Stanford}, pages = {x+179}, @@ -70355,14 +70582,14 @@ @book{bib7846 year = {1999} } -@book{bib7847, +@book{bib7872, author = {Wilson, Jack et al.}, publisher = {Editorial de Universidad de Costa Rica}, title = {Diccionario Bribri-Espanol Espanol-Bribri}, year = {1982} } -@misc{bib7848, +@misc{bib7873, author = {Wilson, Jennifer}, local_ids = {97900}, month = {June}, @@ -70371,7 +70598,7 @@ @misc{bib7848 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib7849, +@incollection{bib7874, author = {Bickerton, Derek and Wilson, William H.}, editor = {Gilbert, Glenn G.}, booktitle = {Pidgin and Creole languages: essays in memory of John E.~Reinecke}, @@ -70380,7 +70607,7 @@ @incollection{bib7849 year = {1987} } -@book{bib7850, +@book{bib7875, author = {Wilson, Darryl}, pages = {169}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics}, @@ -70390,7 +70617,7 @@ @book{bib7850 year = {1974} } -@book{bib7851, +@book{bib7876, author = {Wilson, Darryl}, pages = {87-93}, publisher = {Australian National University}, @@ -70400,7 +70627,7 @@ @book{bib7851 year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib7852, +@incollection{bib7877, author = {Wilson, Darryl}, address = {Canberra}, booktitle = {Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No.~9 Pacific Linguistics: Series A}, @@ -70411,7 +70638,7 @@ @incollection{bib7852 year = {1969} } -@book{bib7853, +@book{bib7878, author = {Wilson, Peter J.}, address = {Riberalta, Bolivia}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüística del Verano}, @@ -70419,14 +70646,14 @@ @book{bib7853 year = {1992} } -@book{bib7854, +@book{bib7879, author = {Wilts, Ommo}, publisher = {Mattiesen}, title = {Üüs Sölring Liirbok}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib7855, +@book{bib7880, author = {Winckel, E. F.}, address = {South Pasadena, California}, publisher = {P. D. and Ione Perkins}, @@ -70434,7 +70661,7 @@ @book{bib7855 year = {1944} } -@book{bib7856, +@book{bib7881, author = {Azami, Čeraq Ali and Windfuhr, Gernot}, local_ids = {96362}, publisher = {Franklin Book Programs}, @@ -70442,7 +70669,7 @@ @book{bib7856 year = {1972} } -@article{bib7857, +@article{bib7882, author = {Windfuhr, G. L.}, journal = {Anthropological Linguistics}, number = {7}, @@ -70452,7 +70679,7 @@ @article{bib7857 year = {1970} } -@book{bib7858, +@book{bib7883, author = {Winfield, W. W.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Asiatic Society of Bengal}, @@ -70462,7 +70689,7 @@ @book{bib7858 year = {1928} } -@book{bib7859, +@book{bib7884, author = {Winkelmann, Kerstin}, pages = {ix+269}, series = {Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268 "Kulturentwicklung und Sprachgeschichte im Naturraum Westafrikanische Savanne"}, @@ -70471,7 +70698,7 @@ @book{bib7859 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib7860, +@incollection{bib7885, author = {Winkelmann, Kerstin}, editor = {Miehe, Gudrun and Winkelmann, Kerstin}, address = {Köln}, @@ -70485,7 +70712,7 @@ @incollection{bib7860 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7861, +@incollection{bib7886, author = {Winkelmann, Kerstin}, editor = {Miehe, Gudrun and Winkelmann, Kerstin}, address = {Köln}, @@ -70499,7 +70726,7 @@ @incollection{bib7861 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7862, +@incollection{bib7887, author = {Winkelmann, Kerstin}, editor = {Jungraithmayr, Herrmann and Miehe, Gudrun}, booktitle = {Mitteilungen des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268: Burkina Faso und Nordostnigeria}, @@ -70511,7 +70738,7 @@ @incollection{bib7862 year = {1994} } -@book{bib7863, +@book{bib7888, author = {Winkler, Eberhard}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -70521,7 +70748,7 @@ @book{bib7863 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7864, +@book{bib7889, author = {Winsa, Laura Arola; Niina Kunnas; Birger}, editor = {(Wien), Johanna Laakso}, address = {Mainz, Germany}, @@ -70535,7 +70762,7 @@ @book{bib7864 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7865, +@book{bib7890, author = {Winter, Werner}, publisher = {Mouton de Gryuter}, series = {Trends in Linguistics Documentation 20}, @@ -70543,7 +70770,7 @@ @book{bib7865 year = {2003} } -@article{bib7866, +@article{bib7891, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, journal = {Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Etnolingüísticos}, pages = {51-69}, @@ -70552,7 +70779,7 @@ @article{bib7866 year = {2005} } -@article{bib7867, +@article{bib7892, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, journal = {Miscellanea Phonetica}, pages = {15-21}, @@ -70561,7 +70788,7 @@ @article{bib7867 year = {1958} } -@incollection{bib7868, +@incollection{bib7893, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, editor = {Derbyshire, Desmond C. and Pullum, Geoffrey K.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Amazonian languages 1}, @@ -70570,7 +70797,7 @@ @incollection{bib7868 year = {1986} } -@book{bib7869, +@book{bib7894, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, publisher = {The Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington}, series = {Summer Institute of Linguistics: Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -70579,7 +70806,7 @@ @book{bib7869 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib7870, +@incollection{bib7895, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, editor = {Dixon, R. M. W. and Aikhenvald, A.}, booktitle = {The Amazonian Languages Cambridge Language Surveys}, @@ -70589,7 +70816,7 @@ @incollection{bib7870 year = {1999} } -@incollection{bib7871, +@incollection{bib7896, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, editor = {Payne, Doris}, booktitle = {Amazonian Linguistics. Studies in Lowland South American Languages}, @@ -70598,14 +70825,14 @@ @incollection{bib7871 year = {1990} } -@book{bib7872, +@book{bib7897, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocablos y expresiones medicos mas usuales en veinte idiomas vernaculos peruanos}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib7873, +@article{bib7898, author = {Wise, Mary Ruth and Duff, Martha}, journal = {Tradición}, pages = {75-89}, @@ -70614,7 +70841,7 @@ @article{bib7873 year = {1958} } -@book{bib7874, +@book{bib7899, author = {Wistrand, Lila}, pages = {104}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -70624,14 +70851,14 @@ @book{bib7874 year = {1984} } -@book{bib7875, +@book{bib7900, author = {Wistrand-Robinson, Lila and Armagost, James}, publisher = {Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington}, title = {Comanche Dictionary and Grammar}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib7876, +@book{bib7901, author = {Wistrand-Robinson, Lila}, address = {VA}, publisher = {Christian Children's Fund, Richmond}, @@ -70639,7 +70866,7 @@ @book{bib7876 year = {1977-1978} } -@book{bib7877, +@book{bib7902, author = {Witter, W. E.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Superintendent of Government Printing}, @@ -70647,7 +70874,7 @@ @book{bib7877 year = {1888} } -@incollection{bib7878, +@incollection{bib7903, author = {Witucki, Jeannette}, booktitle = {Papers in Philippine Linguistics 6 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {55-73}, @@ -70657,7 +70884,7 @@ @incollection{bib7878 year = {1974} } -@book{bib7879, +@book{bib7904, author = {Wivell, Richard}, local_ids = {98921}, publisher = {Auckland}, @@ -70666,7 +70893,7 @@ @book{bib7879 year = {1981} } -@book{bib7880, +@book{bib7905, author = {Wmffre, Iwan}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -70676,7 +70903,7 @@ @book{bib7880 year = {1998} } -@book{bib7881, +@book{bib7906, author = {Wmffre, Iwan}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -70686,7 +70913,7 @@ @book{bib7881 year = {1998} } -@article{bib7882, +@article{bib7907, author = {Wnuk, Ewelina and Burenhult, Niclas}, journal = {Studies in Language}, local_ids = {98722}, @@ -70697,7 +70924,7 @@ @article{bib7882 year = {2014} } -@book{bib7883, +@book{bib7908, author = {Conrad, Robert J. and Wogiga, Kepas}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -70707,14 +70934,14 @@ @book{bib7883 year = {1991} } -@misc{bib7884, +@misc{bib7909, author = {Wohlgemuth, Jan}, local_ids = {2381}, title = {Dyirbal in assimilation}, year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib7885, +@incollection{bib7910, author = {Woitylak, Katarzyna I.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society. University of California at Berkeley}, title = {Fruits for Animals: Hunting Avoidance Speech Style in Murui (Witoto, Northwest Amazonia)}, @@ -70722,26 +70949,26 @@ @incollection{bib7885 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7886, +@misc{bib7911, author = {Wojtylak, Katarzyna I.}, title = {A reference grammar of Murui (Witoto) of Northwest Amazonia}, year = {forthcoming} } -@misc{bib7887, +@misc{bib7912, author = {Wojtylak, Kasia}, local_ids = {97440}, title = {Personal communication}, year = {2014} } -@misc{bib7888, +@misc{bib7913, author = {Woldemariam, Hirut}, title = {Revisiting Gamo: Towards a better internal classification of the Ometo group}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib7889, +@book{bib7914, author = {Wolf, Katharina}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {88718}, @@ -70753,7 +70980,7 @@ @book{bib7889 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7890, +@incollection{bib7915, author = {Wolfart, H. C.}, editor = {Goddard, Ives}, address = {Washinton, D.C.}, @@ -70765,7 +70992,7 @@ @incollection{bib7890 year = {1996} } -@article{bib7891, +@article{bib7916, author = {Wolfenden, S.}, journal = {Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland}, pages = {629-653}, @@ -70774,7 +71001,7 @@ @article{bib7891 year = {1935} } -@article{bib7892, +@article{bib7917, author = {Wolff, H.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {63-68, 231-237}, @@ -70783,7 +71010,7 @@ @article{bib7892 year = {1952} } -@article{bib7893, +@article{bib7918, author = {Wolff, Hans}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -70793,7 +71020,7 @@ @article{bib7893 year = {1953} } -@book{bib7894, +@book{bib7919, author = {Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. and Wolff, John U.}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -70803,14 +71030,14 @@ @book{bib7894 year = {1999} } -@misc{bib7895, +@misc{bib7920, author = {Wolfram, Walt}, local_ids = {99545}, title = {Personal communication regarding Geechee-Gullah}, year = {2021} } -@phdthesis{bib7896, +@phdthesis{bib7921, author = {Wolvengrey, Arok}, local_ids = {97700}, school = {LOT Utrecht}, @@ -70819,14 +71046,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib7896 year = {2011} } -@book{bib7897, +@book{bib7922, author = {Wong, Y. L.}, publisher = {Nepali National Languages Preservation Institut}, title = {sampang rai shəbdəkosh (sampang-nepali-ãngreji)}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib7898, +@misc{bib7923, author = {Wongchai, James Woodward; Thanu}, local_ids = {92080}, note = {under review in Hansen, W. McGregor, G. De Clerck and S.LutaloKlingi (eds.) The World’s Sign Languages. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Ishara Press.}, @@ -70834,14 +71061,14 @@ @misc{bib7898 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib7899, +@misc{bib7924, author = {Wood, Daniel Cody}, pages = {155}, title = {An initial reconstruction of Proto-Boro-Garo}, year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib7900, +@incollection{bib7925, author = {Wood, Raymond}, booktitle = {Papers in Australian Linguistics 11 Pacific Linguistics, Series A}, pages = {53-118}, @@ -70851,7 +71078,7 @@ @incollection{bib7900 year = {1978} } -@incollection{bib7901, +@incollection{bib7926, author = {Tucker, A. N. and Bryan, M. A. and Woodburn, James}, editor = {Möhlig, Wilhelm J. G. and Rottland, Franz and Heine, Bernd}, booktitle = {Zur Sprachgeschichte und Ethnohistorie in Afrika: neue Beiträge afrikanistischer Forschungen (Herrn Prof.~Dr.~Oswin Köhler zur Vollendung des 65.~lebensjahres gewidmet von seinen Schülern, Freunden und Kollegen}, @@ -70860,7 +71087,7 @@ @incollection{bib7901 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib7902, +@incollection{bib7927, author = {Woodbury, Anthony}, editor = {Cole, Peter and Sadock, Jerrold M.}, booktitle = {Grammatical Relations, Syntax and Semantics 8}, @@ -70869,7 +71096,7 @@ @incollection{bib7902 year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib7903, +@incollection{bib7928, author = {Woodbury, Anthony}, editor = {Chafe, Wallace and Nichols, Johanna}, booktitle = {Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology}, @@ -70878,7 +71105,7 @@ @incollection{bib7903 year = {1986} } -@article{bib7904, +@article{bib7929, author = {Woodbury, A. C.}, journal = {Language}, pages = {685-740}, @@ -70887,13 +71114,13 @@ @article{bib7904 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib7905, +@misc{bib7930, author = {Woodbury, Anthony}, title = {Study of the Chevak Dialect of Central Yup'ik Eskimo}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7906, +@incollection{bib7931, author = {Woodbury, Richard B.}, editor = {Ortiz, Alfonso}, booktitle = {Southwest Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -70904,7 +71131,7 @@ @incollection{bib7906 year = {1979} } -@article{bib7907, +@article{bib7932, author = {Woodward, H. W.}, journal = {Bantu Studies}, pages = {269-326}, @@ -70913,7 +71140,7 @@ @article{bib7907 year = {1923-1926} } -@incollection{bib7908, +@incollection{bib7933, author = {Woodward, James}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World}, @@ -70926,7 +71153,7 @@ @incollection{bib7908 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7909, +@incollection{bib7934, author = {Woodward and James and Hoa, Nguyen Thi and Lam, Nguyen Hoang and Linh, Nguyen Tuan and Nhut, Nguyen Ming and and Tien, Nguyen Tran Thuy}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World}, @@ -70939,7 +71166,7 @@ @incollection{bib7909 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7910, +@incollection{bib7935, author = {Woodward and James and Hoa, Nguyen Thi and Tu, Luu Ngoc and and Van, Ho Thu}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World}, @@ -70952,7 +71179,7 @@ @incollection{bib7910 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7911, +@incollection{bib7936, author = {Woodward, M. F.}, editor = {Bright, W.}, booktitle = {Studies in California Linguistics}, @@ -70961,7 +71188,7 @@ @incollection{bib7911 year = {1964} } -@incollection{bib7912, +@incollection{bib7937, author = {Woodward, Lance B.}, editor = {Healey, Alan}, booktitle = {Three studies in sentence structure Workpapers in Papua New Guinea Languages}, @@ -70972,7 +71199,7 @@ @incollection{bib7912 year = {1973} } -@incollection{bib7913, +@incollection{bib7938, author = {Woodward and James and and Suwanarat, Kampol}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World}, @@ -70985,7 +71212,7 @@ @incollection{bib7913 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7914, +@incollection{bib7939, author = {Woodward and James and and Wanchai, Thanu}, editor = {Jepsen, Julie Bakken and Clerck, Goedele De and Lutalo-Kiingi, Sam and and McGregor, William B.}, booktitle = {Sign Languages of the World}, @@ -70998,14 +71225,14 @@ @incollection{bib7914 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib7915, +@misc{bib7940, author = {Woodward, James}, local_ids = {89320}, title = {Personal Communication on sign languages}, year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7916, +@misc{bib7941, author = {Woodward, James "Woody"}, howpublished = {email}, institution = {University of Hawai'i at Manoa}, @@ -71015,14 +71242,14 @@ @misc{bib7916 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib7917, +@misc{bib7942, author = {Woodward., James}, local_ids = {99116}, title = {Personal Communication on Laos Sign Languages}, year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib7918, +@incollection{bib7943, author = {Woollams, Geoff}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -71036,7 +71263,7 @@ @incollection{bib7918 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7919, +@book{bib7944, author = {Wordick, F. J. F.}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University}, @@ -71046,7 +71273,7 @@ @book{bib7919 year = {1982} } -@article{bib7920, +@article{bib7945, author = {Worms, A.}, journal = {ZAOS}, pages = {298-310}, @@ -71055,7 +71282,7 @@ @article{bib7920 year = {1897} } -@article{bib7921, +@article{bib7946, author = {Wortelboer, Wilco}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {155-200}, @@ -71064,7 +71291,7 @@ @article{bib7921 year = {1955} } -@article{bib7922, +@article{bib7947, author = {Worth, D. S.}, journal = {Orbis}, pages = {579-599}, @@ -71073,20 +71300,20 @@ @article{bib7922 year = {1961} } -@misc{bib7923, +@misc{bib7948, author = {Wouk, F.}, title = {The Impact of Discourse on Grammar: Verb Morphology in Spoken Jakarta Indonesian}, year = {1989} } -@book{bib7924, +@book{bib7949, author = {Wowcerk, P.}, publisher = {Volk und Wissen Verlag}, title = {Obersorbische Grammatik}, year = {1951} } -@book{bib7925, +@book{bib7950, author = {Wray, J. Alfred}, address = {London}, publisher = {Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge}, @@ -71094,7 +71321,7 @@ @book{bib7925 year = {1894} } -@book{bib7926, +@book{bib7951, author = {Wright, W.}, address = {Beirut}, publisher = {Librairie du Liban}, @@ -71102,7 +71329,7 @@ @book{bib7926 year = {1874} } -@article{bib7927, +@article{bib7952, author = {Wright, Richard and Ladefoged, Peter}, journal = {UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics}, pages = {67-89}, @@ -71111,13 +71338,13 @@ @article{bib7927 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib7928, +@misc{bib7953, author = {Wright, Robin Michael}, title = {History and religion of the Baniwa peoples of the Upper Rio Negro Valley}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib7929, +@incollection{bib7954, author = {Wright, P. S.}, editor = {Bickfield, Albert J.}, address = {Grand Forks, North Dakota}, @@ -71129,7 +71356,7 @@ @incollection{bib7929 year = {1995} } -@article{bib7930, +@article{bib7955, author = {Wu, Zili 武自立}, journal = {民族語文/Minzu Yuwen}, title = {A preliminary study of the Mo'ang language of Funing County, Yunnan Province [雲南富寧末昂話初探]}, @@ -71137,14 +71364,14 @@ @article{bib7930 year = {1993} } -@book{bib7931, +@book{bib7956, author = {Wu and Wonsoo and Kwon, Jae-Il and Choi, Moon-Jeong and Shin, Yong-Kwon and Borjigin, Bayarmend and and Bold, Luvsandorj}, publisher = {Seoul National University Press}, title = {A study of the Tacheng dialect of the Dagur language}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib7932, +@book{bib7957, author = {Wu, Chaolu}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom}, @@ -71154,13 +71381,13 @@ @book{bib7932 year = {1996} } -@misc{bib7933, +@misc{bib7958, author = {Wu, Chong-chieh 吳中杰}, title = {畲族語言研究 Languages of She Minority}, year = {2004} } -@article{bib7934, +@article{bib7959, author = {Wu, Fang 吳芳}, journal = {文化遺產 Legacy}, number = {2}, @@ -71170,7 +71397,7 @@ @article{bib7934 year = {2014} } -@article{bib7935, +@article{bib7960, author = {Wuethrich, Bernice}, journal = {Science}, local_ids = {88800}, @@ -71183,7 +71410,7 @@ @article{bib7935 year = {2000} } -@article{bib7936, +@article{bib7961, author = {Wuras, C. F.}, journal = {Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen}, pages = {81-87}, @@ -71192,7 +71419,7 @@ @article{bib7936 year = {1919-20} } -@incollection{bib7937, +@incollection{bib7962, author = {Wurm, Stephen}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {London and New York}, @@ -71205,7 +71432,7 @@ @incollection{bib7937 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7938, +@incollection{bib7963, author = {Wurm, Stephen A}, address = {Abingdon}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages}, @@ -71220,7 +71447,7 @@ @incollection{bib7938 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib7939, +@incollection{bib7964, author = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, booktitle = {Papuan Languages and the New Guinea linguistic scene New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study}, @@ -71231,14 +71458,14 @@ @incollection{bib7939 year = {1975} } -@book{bib7940, +@book{bib7965, author = {Wurm, S. A.}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {Languages of Australia and Tasmania}, year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib7941, +@incollection{bib7966, author = {Lee-Smith, Mei W. and Wurm, Stephen A.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A. and Mühlhäusler, Peter and Tryon, Darrell T.}, booktitle = {Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas}, @@ -71247,7 +71474,7 @@ @incollection{bib7941 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib7942, +@incollection{bib7967, author = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Language Diversity Endangered}, @@ -71260,7 +71487,7 @@ @incollection{bib7942 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib7943, +@misc{bib7968, author = {Wärnlöf, Christofer}, local_ids = {98394}, school = {Göteborg University, Department of Social Anthropology}, @@ -71268,14 +71495,14 @@ @misc{bib7943 year = {1998} } -@misc{bib7944, +@misc{bib7969, author = {Xu, Xianming and Bai, Bibo and Yang, Yan}, title = {ELDP Grant Abstract: Linguistic and cultural documentation of Sadu}, url = {http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0069}, year = {2010} } -@misc{bib7945, +@misc{bib7970, author = {Aristar, Anthony and Aristar-Dry, Helen and Xie, Yichun}, institution = {Institute for Language Information and Technology}, local_ids = {89360}, @@ -71285,21 +71512,21 @@ @misc{bib7945 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7946, +@book{bib7971, author = {Xingzhi, Gai}, publisher = {Minzu Chubanshe}, title = {Jinoyu Jianzhi [A brief description of the Jinuo language]}, year = {1986} } -@book{bib7947, +@book{bib7972, author = {Xromov, A. L.}, publisher = {Vostochnaja Gruppa Nauka}, title = {Jagnobskij jazyk. Osnovy iranskogo jazykoznanija, novoiranskije jazyki}, year = {1987} } -@misc{bib7948, +@misc{bib7973, author = {Xu, Shixuan}, local_ids = {24705}, title = {"Documentation of the Southern Tujia Language of China" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -71307,7 +71534,7 @@ @misc{bib7948 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7949, +@book{bib7974, author = {Xu and 許鮮明, Xianmin and and 白碧波, Bibo Bai}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105131006}, @@ -71318,7 +71545,7 @@ @book{bib7949 year = {2013} } -@article{bib7950, +@article{bib7975, author = {Xu, Shixuan}, journal = {International Journal of the Sociology of Language}, local_ids = {98962}, @@ -71329,14 +71556,14 @@ @article{bib7950 year = {2005} } -@book{bib7951, +@book{bib7976, author = {Yabu, Shirō}, publisher = {Osaka University of Foreign Studies}, title = {The Hpun language endangered in Myanmar}, year = {2003} } -@book{bib7952, +@book{bib7977, author = {Yadava, Yogendra P.}, address = {Lalitpura}, publisher = {Adivāsī Janajāti Utthāna Rāsṭriya Pratishṭhāna}, @@ -71344,14 +71571,14 @@ @book{bib7952 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7953, +@book{bib7978, author = {Yadava, Y. P.}, publisher = {The Endangered Languages Fund, Yale University}, title = {A Study of the Dhangar Language}, year = {2001} } -@book{bib7954, +@book{bib7979, author = {Yadava, Y. P.}, address = {Kathmandu}, publisher = {The National Foundation for Development of Indigenous Nationalities}, @@ -71359,7 +71586,7 @@ @book{bib7954 year = {2004} } -@book{bib7955, +@book{bib7980, author = {Yallop, Colin}, address = {Canberra}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -71369,14 +71596,14 @@ @book{bib7955 year = {1977} } -@book{bib7956, +@book{bib7981, author = {Yallop, Colin}, publisher = {André Deutsch}, title = {Australian Aboriginal Languages}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib7957, +@incollection{bib7982, author = {Yallop, Colin}, editor = {Taplin, George}, booktitle = {Narinjari: An Outline of the Language Oceanic Linguistic Monographs}, @@ -71387,7 +71614,7 @@ @incollection{bib7957 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib7958, +@incollection{bib7983, author = {Yalungcha, Bagdevi}, editor = {Yadava, Yogendra P. and Bhattarai, Govinda and Lohani, Ram Raj and Prasain, Balaram and Parajuli, Krishna}, booktitle = {Contemporary issues in Nepalese linguistics}, @@ -71396,7 +71623,7 @@ @incollection{bib7958 year = {2005} } -@article{bib7959, +@article{bib7984, author = {Yamada, Yoshiko}, journal = {Journal of the Center for Northern Humanities}, local_ids = {98776}, @@ -71407,7 +71634,7 @@ @article{bib7959 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib7960, +@incollection{bib7985, author = {Yamada and Masahiro and Pellard and Thomas and and Shimoji, Michinori}, editor = {Heinrich and Patrick and Miyara and Shinsho and and Shimoji, Michinori.}, booktitle = {Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use}, @@ -71419,7 +71646,7 @@ @incollection{bib7960 year = {2015} } -@article{bib7961, +@article{bib7986, author = {Yamada, Racquel-Maria}, journal = {Language Documentation & Conservation}, local_ids = {98757}, @@ -71429,7 +71656,7 @@ @article{bib7961 year = {2014} } -@book{bib7962, +@book{bib7987, author = {Watahomigie, Lucille J. and Bender, Jorigine and Sr., Philbert Watahomigie and Yamamoto, Akira Y.}, publisher = {Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim, Faculty of Informatics, Osaka Gakuin University}, series = {Osaka, Japan: Endangered Languages of the Pacific Rim}, @@ -71438,21 +71665,21 @@ @book{bib7962 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7963, +@book{bib7988, author = {Yan, Qixiang 顏其香 and 周植志, Zhizhi Zhou}, publisher = {Minzu University of China Press (中央民族大學出版社)}, title = {中國孟高棉語族語言與南亞語系 [The Mon-Khmer languages in China and Austro-Asiatic languages]}, year = {1995} } -@book{bib7964, +@book{bib7989, author = {Yang, Tongyin 楊通銀}, publisher = {Central Nationalities University Press 中央民族大學出版社}, title = {莫語研究 A study of Mak}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib7965, +@article{bib7990, author = {Yang, Cathryn}, journal = {Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area}, number = {2}, @@ -71462,7 +71689,7 @@ @article{bib7965 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7966, +@misc{bib7991, author = {O'Grady, William and Yang, Changyong and Yang, Sejung}, institution = {University of Hawaii and Jeju National University}, local_ids = {97940}, @@ -71472,7 +71699,7 @@ @misc{bib7966 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib7967, +@misc{bib7992, author = {Yang, Cathryn}, institution = {SIL EAG}, local_ids = {98974}, @@ -71481,7 +71708,7 @@ @misc{bib7967 year = {2011} } -@phdthesis{bib7968, +@phdthesis{bib7993, author = {Yang, Cathryn}, local_ids = {94740}, school = {LaTrobe University}, @@ -71489,7 +71716,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7968 year = {2010} } -@article{bib7969, +@article{bib7994, author = {Yang, Shu 楊姝}, journal = {Journal of Hanshan Normal University 韓山師院學院學報}, number = {1}, @@ -71499,14 +71726,14 @@ @article{bib7969 year = {2010} } -@book{bib7970, +@book{bib7995, author = {Yar-Shater, Ehsan}, publisher = {Mouton}, title = {A Grammar of Southern Tati Dialects}, year = {1969} } -@incollection{bib7971, +@incollection{bib7996, author = {Yarshater, E.}, booktitle = {Encyclopaedia Iranica}, local_ids = {99205}, @@ -71515,7 +71742,7 @@ @incollection{bib7971 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib7972, +@incollection{bib7997, author = {Yarshater, Ehsan}, editor = {Macuch, Maria and Maggi, Mauro and Sundermann, Werner}, address = {Wiesbaden}, @@ -71529,7 +71756,7 @@ @incollection{bib7972 year = {2007} } -@article{bib7973, +@article{bib7998, author = {Yarshater, E.}, journal = {Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies}, number = {1}, @@ -71539,7 +71766,7 @@ @article{bib7973 year = {1959} } -@article{bib7974, +@article{bib7999, author = {Yarshater, Ehsan}, journal = {Persica}, local_ids = {98114}, @@ -71549,7 +71776,7 @@ @article{bib7974 year = {2002} } -@article{bib7975, +@article{bib8000, author = {Yashawanta, Ch. and Singh, Naor}, journal = {International Journal of Dravidian Linguistics}, pages = {155-185}, @@ -71558,7 +71785,7 @@ @article{bib7975 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib7976, +@misc{bib8001, author = {Yawalapíti, Tapi}, local_ids = {99598}, school = {Univeridade de Brasília}, @@ -71566,7 +71793,7 @@ @misc{bib7976 year = {2021} } -@article{bib7977, +@article{bib8002, author = {Yegerlehner, John}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {1}, @@ -71576,7 +71803,7 @@ @article{bib7977 year = {1959} } -@article{bib7978, +@article{bib8003, author = {Yegerlehner, John and Voegelin, Florence M.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -71586,7 +71813,7 @@ @article{bib7978 year = {1957} } -@article{bib7979, +@article{bib8004, author = {Yigezu, Moges and Yehualashet, Yeshuma}, journal = {Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere}, pages = {97-123}, @@ -71595,7 +71822,7 @@ @article{bib7979 year = {1995} } -@incollection{bib7980, +@incollection{bib8005, author = {Yeou, Mohamed}, booktitle = {4ème atelier international sur l'amazighe et les TICs}, institution = {Institut Royal de la Culture Amazighe}, @@ -71606,7 +71833,7 @@ @incollection{bib7980 year = {2011} } -@article{bib7981, +@article{bib8006, author = {Margaryan, Ashot and Harutyunyan, Ashot and Khachatryan, Zaruhi and Khudoyan, Armine and Yepiskoposyan, Levon}, journal = {Human Biology}, local_ids = {97241}, @@ -71617,14 +71844,14 @@ @article{bib7981 year = {2012} } -@book{bib7982, +@book{bib8007, author = {Yetman, David A.}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, title = {The Ópatas: In Search of a Sonoran People}, year = {2010} } -@phdthesis{bib7983, +@phdthesis{bib8008, author = {Yigezu, Moges}, copied_from = {WALS}, local_ids = {18116}, @@ -71633,7 +71860,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7983 year = {2001} } -@article{bib7984, +@article{bib8009, author = {Yigezu, Moges}, address = {Köln}, journal = {Annual Publication in African Linguistics}, @@ -71645,7 +71872,7 @@ @article{bib7984 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib7985, +@incollection{bib8010, author = {Yigezu and Moges and and Dimmendaal, Gerrit J.}, editor = {Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and Last, Marco}, address = {Köln}, @@ -71661,7 +71888,7 @@ @incollection{bib7985 year = {1998} } -@article{bib7986, +@article{bib8011, author = {Yimam, Baye}, journal = {Ethiopian Languages Research Centre (ELRC) Working Papers}, number = {2}, @@ -71671,28 +71898,28 @@ @article{bib7986 year = {2006} } -@book{bib7987, +@book{bib8012, author = {Yin, Shage 銀莎格}, publisher = {China Social Sciences Press 中國社會科學出版社}, title = {銀村仫佬語參考語法 A reference grammar of Yincun Mulam}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib7988, +@book{bib8013, author = {Yintiso, Gebre}, publisher = {Dept. of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Administration, Addis Ababa University}, title = {The Ari of southwestern Ethiopia: an exploratory study of production practices}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib7989, +@misc{bib8014, author = {Ylikoski, Jussi and Ylikoski, Ali}, title = {Sámi Gielladieða Online (Saami Linguistics Online)}, url = {https://saamilinguistics.wordpress.com/}, year = {2016} } -@phdthesis{bib7990, +@phdthesis{bib8015, author = {Yoel, Judith}, local_ids = {89240}, school = {University of Manitoba}, @@ -71700,7 +71927,7 @@ @phdthesis{bib7990 year = {2009} } -@article{bib7991, +@article{bib8016, author = {Yonjan-Tamang, Sangmo}, journal = {The Kathmandu Post}, local_ids = {99601}, @@ -71710,7 +71937,7 @@ @article{bib7991 year = {2021} } -@incollection{bib7992, +@incollection{bib8017, author = {Yoshio, Nishi}, booktitle = {Tibeto-Burman Studies I Monumenta Serindica}, pages = {75-104}, @@ -71720,7 +71947,7 @@ @incollection{bib7992 year = {1979} } -@incollection{bib7993, +@incollection{bib8018, author = {Yost, James A.}, editor = {Whitten and Jr. and E., Norman}, booktitle = {Cultural transformations and ethnicity in modern Ecuador}, @@ -71729,7 +71956,7 @@ @incollection{bib7993 year = {1981} } -@article{bib7994, +@article{bib8019, author = {Younansardaroud, Helen}, address = {Wiesbaden}, journal = {Semitica Viva}, @@ -71740,35 +71967,35 @@ @article{bib7994 year = {2001} } -@book{bib7995, +@book{bib8020, author = {Young, Robert W.}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, title = {Analytical Lexicon of the Navajo Language}, year = {1992} } -@book{bib7996, +@book{bib8021, author = {Young, Robert W. and Morgan, William}, publisher = {Deseret Book Company}, title = {The Navaho Language}, year = {1972} } -@book{bib7997, +@book{bib8022, author = {Young, Robert W. and Morgan, William}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, title = {The Navajo Language: A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib7998, +@book{bib8023, author = {Young, Robert W. and Morgan, William}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, title = {The Navajo Language: A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary}, year = {1987} } -@incollection{bib7999, +@incollection{bib8024, author = {Young, Philip D. and Givón, T.}, editor = {Croft, William et al.}, booktitle = {Studies in typology and diachrony for Joseph H. Greenberg}, @@ -71777,7 +72004,7 @@ @incollection{bib7999 year = {1990} } -@book{bib8000, +@book{bib8025, author = {Young, Robert W. and Morgan and Sr. and William}, address = {Albuquerque}, publisher = {University of New Mexico Press}, @@ -71785,7 +72012,7 @@ @book{bib8000 year = {1987} } -@book{bib8001, +@book{bib8026, author = {Anonby, Erik and Yousefian, Pakzad}, address = {Uppsala}, isbn = {9789155481254}, @@ -71797,7 +72024,7 @@ @book{bib8001 year = {2011} } -@article{bib8002, +@article{bib8027, author = {Ytsma, J.}, journal = {Multilingual Matters}, pages = {144-163}, @@ -71806,14 +72033,14 @@ @article{bib8002 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8003, +@misc{bib8028, author = {Yu, Dominic}, title = {Proto-Ersuic}, url = {http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8r87b3b8}, year = {2012} } -@article{bib8004, +@article{bib8029, author = {Yuehchen Chien 簡月真 and 真田信治, Shinji Sanada}, journal = {Taiwan Journal of Indigenous Studies 臺灣原著民族研究季刊}, number = {3}, @@ -71823,7 +72050,7 @@ @article{bib8004 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib8005, +@incollection{bib8030, author = {Yuko, Abe}, editor = {Hieda, Osamu and König, Christa and Nakagawa, Hirosi}, booktitle = {Geographical Typlogoy and Linguistic Areas: With Special Reference to Africa}, @@ -71834,13 +72061,13 @@ @incollection{bib8005 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib8006, +@misc{bib8031, author = {Yumitani, Y.}, title = {A phonology and morphology of Jemez Towa}, year = {1998} } -@article{bib8007, +@article{bib8032, author = {Yupanqui, Margarita Jara and Valenzuela, Pilar M.}, journal = {Lexis}, local_ids = {98392}, @@ -71851,7 +72078,7 @@ @article{bib8007 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib8008, +@incollection{bib8033, author = {Laycock, Donald C. and Z'Graggen, J.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -71863,7 +72090,7 @@ @incollection{bib8008 year = {1975} } -@book{bib8009, +@book{bib8034, author = {Z'graggen, J. A.}, address = {Canberra}, pages = {xv+181}, @@ -71874,7 +72101,7 @@ @book{bib8009 year = {1980} } -@book{bib8010, +@book{bib8035, author = {Z'graggen, John A.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99020}, @@ -71886,7 +72113,7 @@ @book{bib8010 year = {1971} } -@incollection{bib8011, +@incollection{bib8036, author = {Z'graggen, John}, editor = {Loving, Richard}, booktitle = {Comparative wordlists I}, @@ -71895,7 +72122,7 @@ @incollection{bib8011 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib8012, +@incollection{bib8037, author = {Z'graggen, John A.}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A. and Laycock, Donald C.}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -71907,7 +72134,7 @@ @incollection{bib8012 year = {1970} } -@book{bib8013, +@book{bib8038, author = {Z'graggen, John A.}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {99021}, @@ -71919,7 +72146,7 @@ @book{bib8013 year = {1975} } -@incollection{bib8014, +@incollection{bib8039, author = {Zachrisson, Inger}, editor = {Winsa, Birger}, booktitle = {Finno-Ugric People in the Nordic Countries: ROOTS V: The Roots of Peoples and Languages of Northern Eurasia}, @@ -71928,13 +72155,13 @@ @incollection{bib8014 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib8015, +@misc{bib8040, author = {Zaharlick, Ann Marie}, title = {Picurıs Syntax}, year = {1977} } -@incollection{bib8016, +@incollection{bib8041, author = {Zaicz, Gábor}, editor = {Abondolo, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Uralic Languages}, @@ -71943,7 +72170,7 @@ @incollection{bib8016 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib8017, +@incollection{bib8042, author = {Zamarrón, José Luis Moctezuma}, editor = {Rodríguez, Juan Luis Sariego}, booktitle = {I Coloquio Carl Lumholtz en el 15 aniversario de la ENAH Chihuahua}, @@ -71952,7 +72179,7 @@ @incollection{bib8017 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib8018, +@incollection{bib8043, author = {Zamarrón, José Luis Moctezuma}, editor = {Gutiérrez, Donaciano and Tripp, Josefina Gutiérrez}, booktitle = {El Noroeste de México y sus culturas étnicas: Seminario de etnografía “Fernando Cámara Barbachano”}, @@ -71961,7 +72188,7 @@ @incollection{bib8018 year = {1991} } -@article{bib8019, +@article{bib8044, author = {Zambrano, Carlos Vladimir}, journal = {Revista Colombiana de Antropología}, pages = {177-194}, @@ -71970,7 +72197,7 @@ @article{bib8019 year = {1994} } -@article{bib8020, +@article{bib8045, author = {Zanardelli, M.}, journal = {Langues et dialectes}, pages = {193-279}, @@ -71979,7 +72206,7 @@ @article{bib8020 year = {1891} } -@incollection{bib8021, +@incollection{bib8046, author = {Zand, Michael}, editor = {Tolmas, Ḣano}, booktitle = {Bukharan Jews: History, Language, Literature, Culture}, @@ -71988,7 +72215,7 @@ @incollection{bib8021 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib8022, +@incollection{bib8047, author = {Zand, Michael}, editor = {Tolmas, Ḣano}, address = {Tel Aviv}, @@ -72001,13 +72228,13 @@ @incollection{bib8022 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib8023, +@misc{bib8048, author = {Zandvoort, F. B.}, title = {A grammar of Matngele}, year = {1999} } -@book{bib8024, +@book{bib8049, author = {Zariquiey Biondi, Roberto}, local_ids = {98790}, publisher = {Melbourne}, @@ -72016,7 +72243,7 @@ @book{bib8024 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8025, +@book{bib8050, author = {Zavala, Roberto}, publisher = {Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Seminario de Lenguas Indıgenas}, series = {Colección Lingüıstica Indıgena}, @@ -72025,13 +72252,13 @@ @book{bib8025 year = {1992} } -@misc{bib8026, +@misc{bib8051, author = {Zavala, R.}, title = {Inversion and other topics in the grammar of Olutec (Mixean)}, year = {2000} } -@incollection{bib8027, +@incollection{bib8052, author = {Zavala, Roberto}, editor = {Levy, Paulette}, booktitle = {Del cora al maya yucateco: estudios lingüısticos sobre algunas lenguas indıgenas mexicanas Estudios sobre lenguas indıgenas}, @@ -72042,14 +72269,14 @@ @incollection{bib8027 year = {2002} } -@book{bib8028, +@book{bib8053, author = {Zavodova, R. A. and Koljadenkov, M. N.}, publisher = {Saransk}, title = {Grammatika Mordovskix (Mokshanskogo i Erzjanskogo) jazykov}, year = {1964} } -@misc{bib8029, +@misc{bib8054, author = {Zealand, Statistics New}, institution = {New Zealand Government}, local_ids = {99352}, @@ -72058,21 +72285,21 @@ @misc{bib8029 year = {2013} } -@misc{bib8030, +@misc{bib8055, author = {Zeisberger, D.}, pages = {442-453, 65-75, 233-239, 325-340}, title = {Essay of an Onondaga grammar}, year = {1888} } -@book{bib8031, +@book{bib8056, author = {Zeisberger, David}, publisher = {John Wilson and Son}, title = {Zeisberger's Indian Dictionary}, year = {1887} } -@incollection{bib8032, +@incollection{bib8057, author = {Zeisler, Bettina}, editor = {Saxena, Anju and Borin, Lars}, booktitle = {Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia. Status and Policies, Case Studies and Applications of Information Technology}, @@ -72083,7 +72310,7 @@ @incollection{bib8032 year = {2006} } -@article{bib8033, +@article{bib8058, author = {Connell, Bruce A. and Zeitlyn, David}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, journal = {Studies in African Linguistics}, @@ -72096,7 +72323,7 @@ @article{bib8033 year = {2000} } -@book{bib8034, +@book{bib8059, author = {Zeitoun, Elizabeth}, address = {Taipei}, publisher = {Yuanliu Press}, @@ -72105,7 +72332,7 @@ @book{bib8034 year = {2000} } -@misc{bib8035, +@misc{bib8060, author = {Zeitoun, Elizabeth}, local_ids = {97020}, month = {March}, @@ -72113,7 +72340,7 @@ @misc{bib8035 year = {2014} } -@incollection{bib8036, +@incollection{bib8061, author = {Zeitoun, Elizabeth}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander and Himmelmann, Nikolaus}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -72124,7 +72351,7 @@ @incollection{bib8036 year = {2005} } -@article{bib8037, +@article{bib8062, author = {Zelealem, [Mollaligne] Leyew}, copied_from = {EBALL}, journal = {SLLE (Survey of little-known languages of Ethiopia) linguistic reports}, @@ -72136,7 +72363,7 @@ @article{bib8037 year = {1994} } -@book{bib8038, +@book{bib8063, author = {Zelealem, [Mollaligne] Leyew}, copied_from = {EBALL}, edition = {Revised version}, @@ -72149,7 +72376,7 @@ @book{bib8038 year = {2002} } -@article{bib8039, +@article{bib8064, author = {Zelený, Mnislav}, journal = {Amazonía Peruana}, pages = {79-98}, @@ -72158,7 +72385,7 @@ @article{bib8039 year = {1988} } -@misc{bib8040, +@misc{bib8065, author = {Zemba, Mercy}, local_ids = {99552}, school = {University of Zambia}, @@ -72167,13 +72394,13 @@ @misc{bib8040 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib8041, +@misc{bib8066, author = {Zemp, Marius}, title = {Synchronic and diachronic phonology of the Tibetan dialect of Kargil}, year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib8042, +@incollection{bib8067, author = {Zenk, Henry B.}, editor = {Suttles, Wayne}, booktitle = {Northwest Coast Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -72184,7 +72411,7 @@ @incollection{bib8042 year = {1990} } -@incollection{bib8043, +@incollection{bib8068, author = {y Stanford Zent, Germán Freire}, editor = {Freire, G. and Tillett, A.}, booktitle = {El estado de la salud indígena en Venezuela}, @@ -72193,7 +72420,7 @@ @incollection{bib8043 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8044, +@book{bib8069, author = {Zepeda, Ofelia}, address = {Tucson}, publisher = {University of Arizona Press}, @@ -72201,14 +72428,14 @@ @book{bib8044 year = {1982} } -@book{bib8045, +@book{bib8070, author = {Zepeda, Ofelia}, publisher = {The University of Arizona Press}, title = {A Papago Grammar}, year = {1983} } -@article{bib8046, +@article{bib8071, author = {Zerries, Otto}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {29-37}, @@ -72217,7 +72444,7 @@ @article{bib8046 year = {1964-1965} } -@incollection{bib8047, +@incollection{bib8072, author = {Zerries, Otto}, booktitle = {Miscellanea Paul Rivet Octogenario Dicata XXXI Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México}, pages = {583-598}, @@ -72225,7 +72452,7 @@ @incollection{bib8047 year = {1958} } -@article{bib8048, +@article{bib8073, author = {Zerries, Otto}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {61-76}, @@ -72234,7 +72461,7 @@ @article{bib8048 year = {1956} } -@misc{bib8049, +@misc{bib8074, author = {Zeshan, Ulrike}, local_ids = {24841}, title = {"Signing in a " HRELP Abstract}, @@ -72242,14 +72469,14 @@ @misc{bib8049 year = {2010} } -@misc{bib8050, +@misc{bib8075, author = {Zhang, Sihong 張四紅}, title = {A reference grammar of Ersu: a Tibeto-Burman language of China}, url = {http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/31252/}, year = {2013} } -@book{bib8051, +@book{bib8076, author = {Zhang, Sihong 張四紅}, pages = {883-915}, publisher = {Language and linguistics.}, @@ -72258,7 +72485,7 @@ @book{bib8051 year = {2014} } -@book{bib8052, +@book{bib8077, author = {Zhang, Ronglan 張蓉蘭}, pages = {408-449}, publisher = {In 雲南特殊語言研究 [Studies on selected languages of Yunnan] The Nationalities Publishing House of Yunnan 雲南民族出版社}, @@ -72266,14 +72493,14 @@ @book{bib8052 year = {2004} } -@book{bib8053, +@book{bib8078, author = {Zhang, Weiquan 張偉權}, publisher = {Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House 貴州民族出版社}, title = {土家語漢語詞典 [Tujia-Chinese Dictionary]}, year = {2002} } -@article{bib8054, +@article{bib8079, author = {Zhao, Feng 趙峰}, journal = {Journal of West Anhui University}, number = {4}, @@ -72283,7 +72510,7 @@ @article{bib8054 year = {2009} } -@article{bib8055, +@article{bib8080, author = {Zhao, Feng 趙峰}, journal = {Journal of Changchun Institute of Technology (Social Science Edition)}, number = {1}, @@ -72293,14 +72520,14 @@ @article{bib8055 year = {2009} } -@book{bib8056, +@book{bib8081, author = {Zhao and 趙阿平, Aping and 郭孟秀, Mengxiu Guo and and 何學娟, Xuejuan He}, publisher = {Social Science Academic Press 社會科學文獻出版社}, title = {瀕危語言：滿語、赫哲語共時研究 [Endangered languages a synchronic study of the Manchu and Hezhe languages]}, year = {2013} } -@article{bib8057, +@article{bib8082, author = {Zhao, Feng 趙峰}, journal = {Journal of Changchun Institute of Technology (Social Science Edition)}, local_ids = {98895}, @@ -72312,35 +72539,35 @@ @article{bib8057 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8058, +@book{bib8083, author = {Zhong, Jinwen 鍾進文}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {西部裕固語描寫與研究 [A description of Yellow Uyghur]}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib8059, +@book{bib8084, author = {Zhong, Suchun 仲素纯}, publisher = {The Ethnic Publishing House 民族出版社}, title = {Dawo'er yu jian zhi 達斡爾語簡志 [A sketch grammar of Dagur]}, year = {1982} } -@book{bib8060, +@book{bib8085, author = {Zhou, Decai 周德才}, publisher = {Ethnic Publishing House [民族出版社]}, title = {A study of Mo'ang [末昂语研究]}, year = {2014} } -@book{bib8061, +@book{bib8086, author = {Zhou, Decai 周德才}, publisher = {雲南民族出版社}, title = {A study of the Taliu language [他留話研究]}, year = {2004} } -@book{bib8062, +@book{bib8087, author = {Zhukova, A. N.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -72348,21 +72575,21 @@ @book{bib8062 year = {1972} } -@book{bib8063, +@book{bib8088, author = {Zhukova, A. N.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Jazyk Palanskikh Korjakov}, year = {1980} } -@book{bib8064, +@book{bib8089, author = {Zhukova, A. N.}, publisher = {Izdat, Sovetskaja enciklopedija}, title = {Russian-Koryak Dictionary}, year = {1967} } -@incollection{bib8065, +@incollection{bib8090, author = {Zhāoyánɡ, Shào 邵朝陽 and Yì, Huánɡ 黃翊.}, editor = {Yuming, Li 李宇明 and Wei, Li 李巍}, booktitle = {The Language Situation in China}, @@ -72371,7 +72598,7 @@ @incollection{bib8065 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib8066, +@incollection{bib8091, author = {Zide, Norman H.}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, booktitle = {The Munda Languages}, @@ -72383,7 +72610,7 @@ @incollection{bib8066 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib8067, +@incollection{bib8092, author = {Zide, Norman H.}, editor = {Anderson, Gregory D. S.}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -72394,7 +72621,7 @@ @incollection{bib8067 year = {2008} } -@book{bib8068, +@book{bib8093, author = {Zigmond, Maurice L. and Booth, Curtis G. and Munro, Pamela}, publisher = {University of California Press}, series = {University of California Publications in Linguistics}, @@ -72403,7 +72630,7 @@ @book{bib8068 year = {1000} } -@article{bib8069, +@article{bib8094, author = {Grubric, Mira and Zimmermann, Malte}, address = {Saarbrücken, Germany}, journal = {Proceedings of Sinn & Bedeutung}, @@ -72416,14 +72643,14 @@ @article{bib8069 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8070, +@book{bib8095, author = {Zograf, G. A.}, publisher = {Nauka}, title = {Jazyki juzhnoj azii}, year = {1990} } -@book{bib8071, +@book{bib8096, author = {Zoller, Claus Peter}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter}, series = {Trends in Linguistics: Documentation}, @@ -72432,7 +72659,7 @@ @book{bib8071 year = {2005} } -@book{bib8072, +@book{bib8097, author = {Zoller, Claus Peter}, address = {Wiesbaden}, publisher = {Otto Harrassowitz}, @@ -72442,21 +72669,21 @@ @book{bib8072 year = {1983} } -@book{bib8073, +@book{bib8098, author = {Zukova, A. N.}, publisher = {Izdat. sovetskaja enciklopedija}, title = {Russko-korjakskij slovar'}, year = {1967} } -@book{bib8074, +@book{bib8099, author = {Zwick, Heinrich August}, publisher = {Heineman}, title = {Handbuch der westmongolischen Sprache. Gesammelt und verdeutscht durch H. A. Zwick}, year = {1854} } -@incollection{bib8075, +@incollection{bib8100, author = {Záhorřík, Jan}, editor = {Machalík, Tomáš and Záhorřík, Jan}, booktitle = {VIVA Africa 2007. Proceedings of the IInd International Conference on African Studies, Pilsen, 27-28 April}, @@ -72465,7 +72692,7 @@ @incollection{bib8075 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib8076, +@incollection{bib8101, author = {Zìqún, Luó}, editor = {Yuming, Li and Wei, Li}, booktitle = {The Language Situation in China}, @@ -72474,14 +72701,14 @@ @incollection{bib8076 year = {2013} } -@book{bib8077, +@book{bib8102, author = {Zúñiga, Fernando}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, title = {Mapudungun}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib8078, +@book{bib8103, author = {Zúñiga, Fernando}, address = {München}, pages = {87}, @@ -72492,7 +72719,7 @@ @book{bib8078 year = {2006} } -@book{bib8079, +@book{bib8104, author = {Zúñiga, Fernando}, address = {Santiago de Chile}, publisher = {Centro de Estudios Públicos}, @@ -72500,19 +72727,19 @@ @book{bib8079 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib8080, +@misc{bib8105, author = {[Seki], Lucy S. Ferreira}, title = {Yazyk Kamaiura: Fonètika, Fonologia, Kratkie Svedeniya o grammatike}, year = {1973} } -@misc{bib8081, +@misc{bib8106, author = {d'Alton, Paula A.}, title = {Esquisse phonologique et grammaticale du Palor, langue cangin (Sénégal)}, year = {1983} } -@book{bib8082, +@book{bib8107, author = {d'Ans, André-Marcel}, address = {Lima}, pages = {22}, @@ -72521,7 +72748,7 @@ @book{bib8082 year = {1972} } -@incollection{bib8083, +@incollection{bib8108, author = {d'Azevedo, Warren L.}, editor = {d'Azevedo, Warren L.}, booktitle = {Great Basin Handbook of North American Indians}, @@ -72532,26 +72759,26 @@ @incollection{bib8083 year = {1986} } -@misc{bib8084, +@misc{bib8109, author = {da Costa, Lucivaldo Silva}, title = {Flexao Relacional, Marcas Pessoais e Tipos de Predicados em Xikrin: Contribuicao Para os Estudos Sobre Ergatividade em Linguas Je}, url = {http://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/tese%3Acosta-2003a/costa_2003.pdf}, year = {2003} } -@misc{bib8085, +@misc{bib8110, author = {da Costa, Januacele}, title = {Ya:thê, a última língua nativa no Nordeste do Brasil: aspectos morfofonológicos y morfo-sintáticos}, year = {1999} } -@misc{bib8086, +@misc{bib8111, author = {e Morfossintático da Língua Juruna, Estudo Fonológico}, title = {Cristina Martins Fargetti}, year = {2001} } -@article{bib8087, +@article{bib8112, author = {da Silva, A. Brüzzi Alves}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {304-310}, @@ -72560,19 +72787,19 @@ @article{bib8087 year = {1973} } -@misc{bib8088, +@misc{bib8113, author = {da Silva, Márcio Ferreira}, title = {A Fonologia Segmental Kamayura}, year = {1981} } -@misc{bib8089, +@misc{bib8114, author = {da Silva, Cristhian Teófilo}, title = {Cativando Maira: A sobrevivência Avá-Canoeiro no alto Rio Tocantins}, year = {2005} } -@article{bib8090, +@article{bib8115, author = {da Silva, Raynice Geraldine Pereira}, journal = {Tellus}, pages = {73-101}, @@ -72581,32 +72808,32 @@ @article{bib8090 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8091, +@misc{bib8116, author = {da Silva, Raynice Geraldine Pereira}, pages = {131}, title = {Estudo fonológico da Língua Sateré-Mawé}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib8092, +@misc{bib8117, author = {da Silva, Glauber Romling da}, title = {Fonologia da língua Paresi-Haliti (Arawak)}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib8093, +@misc{bib8118, author = {da Silva Facundes, Sidney}, title = {The Language of the Apurinã People of Brazil (Maipure/Arawak)}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib8094, +@misc{bib8119, author = {da língua Juruna, Análise Fonológica}, title = {Cristina Martins Fargetti}, year = {1992} } -@incollection{bib8095, +@incollection{bib8120, author = {de Alba, Gregorio Hernández}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -72618,7 +72845,7 @@ @incollection{bib8095 year = {1948} } -@incollection{bib8096, +@incollection{bib8121, author = {de Alba, Gregorio Hernández}, editor = {Steward, Julian H.}, address = {Smithsonian Institution, Washington}, @@ -72630,7 +72857,7 @@ @incollection{bib8096 year = {1946} } -@article{bib8097, +@article{bib8122, author = {de Almeida, Rita Heloísa}, journal = {Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas}, pages = {9-39}, @@ -72639,14 +72866,14 @@ @article{bib8097 year = {2006} } -@book{bib8098, +@book{bib8123, author = {de Alviano, Fidelis}, publisher = {Imprensa Nacional}, title = {Gramática, dictionário, verbos e frases e vocabulário prático da léngua dos ındios ticunas}, year = {1944} } -@book{bib8099, +@book{bib8124, author = {de Alviano, Frei Fidelis}, pages = {3-194}, publisher = {Revista do Instituto Geográfico da Bahía. CLXXX}, @@ -72654,7 +72881,7 @@ @book{bib8099 year = {1944} } -@article{bib8100, +@article{bib8125, author = {de Angulo, Jaime and Freeland, L. S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -72664,7 +72891,7 @@ @article{bib8100 year = {1931} } -@article{bib8101, +@article{bib8126, author = {de Angulo, Jaime}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {152-192}, @@ -72673,7 +72900,7 @@ @article{bib8101 year = {1932} } -@article{bib8102, +@article{bib8127, author = {de Angulo, Jaime}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, pages = {152-194}, @@ -72682,7 +72909,7 @@ @article{bib8102 year = {1933} } -@article{bib8103, +@article{bib8128, author = {de Angulo, Jaime and Freeland, L. S.}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -72692,7 +72919,7 @@ @article{bib8103 year = {1930} } -@book{bib8104, +@book{bib8129, author = {de Araujo, Gabriel Antunes}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {A Grammar of Sabanê: A Nambikwaran Language}, @@ -72700,7 +72927,7 @@ @book{bib8104 year = {2004} } -@book{bib8105, +@book{bib8130, author = {de Araújo, Gabriel Antunes}, pages = {5-21}, publisher = {Cadernos de Estudos Lingüísticos.}, @@ -72708,7 +72935,7 @@ @book{bib8105 year = {2000} } -@article{bib8106, +@article{bib8131, author = {de Argumosa, Jose A.}, journal = {Boletín Indigenista Venezolano}, pages = {69-130}, @@ -72717,14 +72944,14 @@ @article{bib8106 year = {1964-1965} } -@book{bib8107, +@book{bib8132, author = {de Armellada, Cesareo}, publisher = {C. A. Artes Graficas}, title = {Gramática y Diccionario de la Lengua Pemon (Arekuna, Taurepan, Kamarakoto)}, year = {1944} } -@book{bib8108, +@book{bib8133, author = {de Armellada, R. P. Cesareo}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {C. A. Artes Gráficas}, @@ -72732,21 +72959,21 @@ @book{bib8108 year = {1948} } -@book{bib8109, +@book{bib8134, author = {de Armellada, Cesáreo and Salazar, Mariano Gutiérrez}, publisher = {Carácas}, title = {Diccionario pemón: pemón-castellano, castellano-pemón}, year = {1981 [1943]} } -@book{bib8110, +@book{bib8135, author = {de Augusta, Fray Felix Jose}, publisher = {Imprenta Central, J. Lampert}, title = {Gramática Araucana}, year = {1903} } -@book{bib8111, +@book{bib8136, author = {de Barral, Basilio Maria}, publisher = {Universidad Catolica Andres Bello}, series = {Lenguas indıgenas de Venezuela}, @@ -72755,7 +72982,7 @@ @book{bib8111 year = {1979} } -@article{bib8112, +@article{bib8137, author = {de Beauclair, Inez}, journal = {Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological Ethnological Research}, pages = {9-12}, @@ -72764,7 +72991,7 @@ @article{bib8112 year = {1969} } -@book{bib8113, +@book{bib8138, author = {de Bianchetti, Juan}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Aristides Quillet S. A.}, @@ -72772,7 +72999,7 @@ @book{bib8113 year = {1944} } -@incollection{bib8114, +@incollection{bib8139, author = {de Booy, Theodoor and Robayo, Camilo}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -72784,7 +73011,7 @@ @incollection{bib8114 year = {1998} } -@article{bib8115, +@article{bib8140, author = {de Carvalho, Braulino}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Nacional}, pages = {53-74}, @@ -72793,13 +73020,13 @@ @article{bib8115 year = {1936} } -@misc{bib8116, +@misc{bib8141, author = {de Carvalho Couto, Valéria Guimarães}, title = {A Língua Kinikinau: Estudo do Vocabulário e conceitos Gramaticais}, year = {2005} } -@book{bib8117, +@book{bib8142, author = {de Castellvi, Marcelino}, pages = {79-104}, publisher = {2 Washington, D.C.}, @@ -72807,7 +73034,7 @@ @book{bib8117 year = {1939} } -@book{bib8118, +@book{bib8143, author = {de Castro Alves, Flávia}, pages = {3-23}, publisher = {Uma Contribução aos Estudos da Morfossintaxe de uma Língua Jê}, @@ -72815,7 +73042,7 @@ @book{bib8118 year = {2004} } -@article{bib8119, +@article{bib8144, author = {de Créqui-Montfort, Georges and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {91-102, 281-302, 141-182, 121-167}, @@ -72824,7 +73051,7 @@ @article{bib8119 year = {1921, 1921, 1922, 1923} } -@article{bib8120, +@article{bib8145, author = {de Créqui-Montfort, Georges and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris}, pages = {301-322, 26-57}, @@ -72833,7 +73060,7 @@ @article{bib8120 year = {1916, 1918} } -@article{bib8121, +@article{bib8146, author = {de Créqui-Montfort, G. and Rivet, P.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {121-168}, @@ -72842,7 +73069,7 @@ @article{bib8121 year = {1923} } -@article{bib8122, +@article{bib8147, author = {de Créqui-Montfort, G. and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris}, pages = {354-377}, @@ -72851,7 +73078,7 @@ @article{bib8122 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib8123, +@misc{bib8148, author = {de Cultura, Ministerio}, institution = {Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE)}, local_ids = {98301}, @@ -72859,7 +73086,7 @@ @misc{bib8123 year = {2009} } -@book{bib8124, +@book{bib8149, author = {de Cultura, Ministerio}, local_ids = {98789}, publisher = {Lima, Peru}, @@ -72867,13 +73094,13 @@ @book{bib8124 url = {http://bdpi.cultura.gob.pe/} } -@misc{bib8125, +@misc{bib8150, author = {de Cássia Borella, Cristina}, title = {Aspectos Morfossintáticos da Língua Aweti (tupi)}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib8126, +@book{bib8151, author = {de Educación, Ministerio}, pages = {126}, publisher = {Ministerio de Educación and Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -72881,7 +73108,7 @@ @book{bib8126 year = {1989} } -@article{bib8127, +@article{bib8152, author = {de Escoriaza, Damián}, journal = {Antropológica}, pages = {7-18}, @@ -72890,7 +73117,7 @@ @article{bib8127 year = {1959} } -@book{bib8128, +@book{bib8153, author = {de Estrella, Margaret Levengood and Larsen, Helen}, pages = {46}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüístico de Verano}, @@ -72901,7 +73128,7 @@ @book{bib8128 year = {1982} } -@book{bib8129, +@book{bib8154, author = {de Faria, Francisco Raimundo Correia}, address = {Para}, publisher = {Typ.~de Santos & Filhos}, @@ -72909,7 +73136,7 @@ @book{bib8129 year = {1858} } -@article{bib8130, +@article{bib8155, author = {de Freitas, José Garcia}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {67-74}, @@ -72918,7 +73145,7 @@ @article{bib8130 year = {1923} } -@book{bib8131, +@book{bib8156, author = {de Fábrega, H. Pittier}, pages = {1-150}, publisher = {Wien}, @@ -72928,7 +73155,7 @@ @book{bib8131 year = {1897} } -@book{bib8132, +@book{bib8157, author = {de Geografia e Estatística IBGE, Instituto Brasilerio}, isbn = {09104-3145}, local_ids = {98298}, @@ -72937,7 +73164,7 @@ @book{bib8132 year = {2010} } -@book{bib8133, +@book{bib8158, author = {de Goeje, Claudius H.}, publisher = {n.p.}, series = {Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, afdeeling letterkunde}, @@ -72946,7 +73173,7 @@ @book{bib8133 year = {1946} } -@article{bib8134, +@article{bib8159, author = {de Goeje, C. H.}, journal = {West-Indische Gids}, pages = {99-123}, @@ -72955,7 +73182,7 @@ @article{bib8134 year = {1930-1931} } -@book{bib8135, +@book{bib8160, author = {de Goeje, C. H.}, pages = {63-67}, publisher = {R.~Garroni}, @@ -72963,7 +73190,7 @@ @book{bib8135 year = {1928} } -@book{bib8136, +@book{bib8161, author = {de Goeje, C. H.}, publisher = {De Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam}, series = {Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam: Afdeeling Letterkunde: Nieuwe Reeks: Deel XXVIII, N}, @@ -72971,7 +73198,7 @@ @book{bib8136 year = {1928} } -@article{bib8137, +@article{bib8162, author = {de Goeje, H. C.}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {33-72}, @@ -72980,7 +73207,7 @@ @article{bib8137 year = {1930} } -@misc{bib8138, +@misc{bib8163, author = {de Graaf, Tjeerd}, local_ids = {98131}, pages = {30-52}, @@ -72990,7 +73217,7 @@ @misc{bib8138 year = {2014} } -@article{bib8139, +@article{bib8164, author = {de Jesus Gomes, Graziela}, journal = {Anais do SETA}, local_ids = {98192}, @@ -73001,7 +73228,7 @@ @article{bib8139 year = {2009} } -@book{bib8140, +@book{bib8165, author = {de Jong, Josselin}, publisher = {Foris}, series = {Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal, Land en Volkenkunde}, @@ -73010,14 +73237,14 @@ @book{bib8140 year = {1987} } -@book{bib8141, +@book{bib8166, author = {de Klumpp, Deloris A. Pharris}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Vocabulario Piapoco-Español}, year = {1995} } -@misc{bib8142, +@misc{bib8167, author = {de Lima Kaxinawá, Joaquim Paulo}, local_ids = {99285}, school = {Universidade de Brasília}, @@ -73026,7 +73253,7 @@ @misc{bib8142 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8143, +@book{bib8168, author = {de Llamas, A.}, address = {Corrientes}, publisher = {Tip.~y Enc.~de Teodoro Heinecke}, @@ -73034,14 +73261,14 @@ @book{bib8143 year = {1910} } -@book{bib8144, +@book{bib8169, author = {de Lucca D., Manuel}, publisher = {Comisión de Alfabetización y Literatura en Aymara}, title = {Diccionario Aymara-Castellano, Castellano-Aymara}, year = {1983} } -@article{bib8145, +@article{bib8170, author = {de Matallana, B. and de Armellada, Cesareo}, journal = {Boletín de la Sociedad Venezolana de ciencias naturales}, number = {53}, @@ -73051,7 +73278,7 @@ @article{bib8145 year = {1943} } -@incollection{bib8146, +@incollection{bib8171, author = {de Melgaço, Barão}, editor = {Moraes Filho, Mello}, booktitle = {Revista da exposição anthropologica Brazileira}, @@ -73060,7 +73287,7 @@ @incollection{bib8146 year = {1882} } -@article{bib8147, +@article{bib8172, author = {de Melo Carvalho, José Cândido}, journal = {Publicações Avulsas}, title = {Notas de Viagem ao Rio Paru de Leste}, @@ -73068,14 +73295,14 @@ @article{bib8147 year = {1955} } -@book{bib8148, +@book{bib8173, author = {de Moesbach, Ernesto}, publisher = {s.n.}, title = {Idioma mapuche}, year = {1962} } -@book{bib8149, +@book{bib8174, author = {de Moesbach, Ernesto Wilhelm}, address = {Padre Las Casas, Chile}, publisher = {Imprenta y Editorial "San Francisco"}, @@ -73083,7 +73310,7 @@ @book{bib8149 year = {1963} } -@book{bib8150, +@book{bib8175, author = {de Moura, José}, address = {Brasil}, publisher = {Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas, Porto Alegre}, @@ -73091,7 +73318,7 @@ @book{bib8150 year = {1960} } -@book{bib8151, +@book{bib8176, author = {de Moura e Silva, José}, address = {Porto Alegre}, publisher = {Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas}, @@ -73101,7 +73328,7 @@ @book{bib8151 year = {1960} } -@book{bib8152, +@book{bib8177, author = {de Moura e Silva, José}, address = {Porto Alegre}, publisher = {Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas}, @@ -73111,7 +73338,7 @@ @book{bib8152 year = {1960} } -@incollection{bib8153, +@incollection{bib8178, author = {de Neira, Alonso and Ribero, Juan}, address = {Caracas}, booktitle = {Aportes Jesuiticos a la Filología Colonial Venezolana: Tomo II Documentos Lenguas Indǵenas de Venezuela}, @@ -73121,7 +73348,7 @@ @incollection{bib8153 year = {1971} } -@book{bib8154, +@book{bib8179, author = {de Olea, Bonifacio María}, address = {Caracas}, publisher = {Emp.~Gutenberg}, @@ -73129,25 +73356,25 @@ @book{bib8154 year = {1928} } -@misc{bib8155, +@misc{bib8180, author = {de Oliveira, Rosana Costa}, title = {Morfologia e Sintaxe da língua Xavante}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8156, +@misc{bib8181, author = {de Oliveira, Renata Lopes Gomes}, title = {Natureza e direções das mudanças lexicais ocorridas na língua geral Amazônica do século XVII}, year = {2008} } -@misc{bib8157, +@misc{bib8182, author = {das Dores de Oliveira, Maria}, title = {Ofayé, a língua do povo do mel: Fonologia e Gramática}, year = {2006} } -@article{bib8158, +@article{bib8183, author = {de Oliveira, Adélia Engrácia}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emılio Goeldi, Série Antropologia}, pages = {1-25}, @@ -73156,7 +73383,7 @@ @article{bib8158 year = {1968} } -@book{bib8159, +@book{bib8184, author = {de Oliveira, J. F.}, pages = {391-396, 539-566}, publisher = {Proceedings of the XVIII session, London, 1912 London: Harrison & Sons}, @@ -73164,38 +73391,38 @@ @book{bib8159 year = {1913} } -@misc{bib8160, +@misc{bib8185, author = {de Oliveira Borges e Souza, Patrícia}, title = {Estudos de Aspectos da Língua Kaiabi (Tupi)}, year = {2004} } -@misc{bib8161, +@misc{bib8186, author = {de Oliveira Braga, Alzerinda}, title = {A Fonologia Segmental e Aspectos Morfofonológicos da Língua Makurap (Tupi)}, year = {1992} } -@misc{bib8162, +@misc{bib8187, author = {de Oliveira Campos, Carlo Sandro}, title = {Morfofonemica e morfossintaxe do Maxakali}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib8163, +@misc{bib8188, author = {de Paiva, A. Firmino}, title = {Die Ethnosyntaktische Struktur der Achê-Guayakí-Sprache}, year = {1979} } -@book{bib8164, +@book{bib8189, author = {de Pitman, Mary}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Diccionario Araona-Castellano}, year = {1981} } -@incollection{bib8165, +@incollection{bib8190, author = {de Pérez, María Stella González}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -73204,7 +73431,7 @@ @incollection{bib8165 year = {2000} } -@article{bib8166, +@article{bib8191, author = {de Quatrefages, A.}, journal = {Journal des Savants}, pages = {694-712}, @@ -73213,7 +73440,7 @@ @article{bib8166 year = {1882} } -@book{bib8167, +@book{bib8192, author = {de Quatrefages, A.}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie J.-B.~Baillière et Fils}, @@ -73221,7 +73448,7 @@ @book{bib8167 year = {1887} } -@article{bib8168, +@article{bib8193, author = {de Reuse, Willem J.}, journal = {Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics}, number = {2}, @@ -73231,7 +73458,7 @@ @article{bib8168 year = {1990} } -@book{bib8169, +@book{bib8194, author = {de Reuse, Willem Joseph}, address = {Salt Lake City}, publisher = {University of Utah Press}, @@ -73240,13 +73467,13 @@ @book{bib8169 year = {1994} } -@misc{bib8170, +@misc{bib8195, author = {de Reuse, William J.}, title = {Studies in Siberian Yup'ik Eskimo Morphology and Syntax}, year = {1988} } -@misc{bib8171, +@misc{bib8196, author = {de Rezende, Ubiray Nogueira}, local_ids = {24842}, title = {"Sketch grammar, texts and dictionary of Enawene-Nawe (Arawak, Brazil)" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -73254,7 +73481,7 @@ @misc{bib8171 year = {2005} } -@book{bib8172, +@book{bib8197, author = {de Rosas, Juan Manuel}, address = {Buenos Aires}, publisher = {Ediciones Theoría}, @@ -73263,7 +73490,7 @@ @book{bib8172 year = {1995 [1947]} } -@incollection{bib8173, +@incollection{bib8198, author = {de Ruiz, B. Vázquez}, editor = {González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa}, booktitle = {Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva}, @@ -73272,14 +73499,14 @@ @incollection{bib8173 year = {2000} } -@book{bib8174, +@book{bib8199, author = {de Sanctísimo Sacramento, Pablo}, publisher = {Medellín}, title = {El Idioma Katío (Ensayo Gramatical)}, year = {1936} } -@book{bib8175, +@book{bib8200, author = {Baxter, Alan and de Silvia, Patric}, address = {Canberra}, local_ids = {95380}, @@ -73288,14 +73515,14 @@ @book{bib8175 year = {2004} } -@book{bib8176, +@book{bib8201, author = {de Snell, Betty Elkins}, publisher = {Instituto Lingüıstico de Verano}, title = {Machiguenga: fonologia y vocabulario breve}, year = {1974} } -@book{bib8177, +@book{bib8202, author = {de Sousa, Hilário}, local_ids = {99034}, publisher = {Sydney}, @@ -73304,19 +73531,19 @@ @book{bib8177 year = {2006} } -@misc{bib8178, +@misc{bib8203, author = {de Sousa Filho, Sinval Martins}, title = {Aspectos Morfossintáaticos da Língua Akwẽ-Xerente (Jê)}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8179, +@misc{bib8204, author = {de Souza, Shelton Lima}, title = {Descrição fonético-fonológica da língua Akwen-Xerente}, year = {2008} } -@article{bib8180, +@article{bib8205, author = {de Souza, Ilda}, journal = {Tellus}, number = {13}, @@ -73326,7 +73553,7 @@ @article{bib8180 year = {2007} } -@article{bib8181, +@article{bib8206, author = {de Souza, Ilda}, journal = {Guavira}, number = {13}, @@ -73336,13 +73563,13 @@ @article{bib8181 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib8182, +@misc{bib8207, author = {de Souza, Ilda}, title = {Koenukunoe emo'u: A língua dos índios Kinikinau}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8183, +@misc{bib8208, author = {de Souza Nogueira, Antonia Fernanda}, local_ids = {99301}, school = {Universidade de São Paulo}, @@ -73351,14 +73578,14 @@ @misc{bib8183 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8184, +@book{bib8209, author = {de Vegamian, Felix M.}, publisher = {Formateca C.A}, title = {Diccionario ilustrado Yupa-Español, Español-Yupa}, year = {1978} } -@article{bib8185, +@article{bib8210, author = {de Voogt, Alex}, address = {Amsterdam}, institution = {American Museum of Natural History}, @@ -73372,7 +73599,7 @@ @article{bib8185 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib8186, +@misc{bib8211, author = {de Vos, Connie}, local_ids = {24830}, title = {"Longitudinal Documentation of Sign Language Acquisition in a Deaf Village in Bali" HRELP Abstract}, @@ -73380,7 +73607,7 @@ @misc{bib8186 year = {2011} } -@phdthesis{bib8187, +@phdthesis{bib8212, author = {de Vos, Conny Leonie Gabriella}, local_ids = {92460}, school = {Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen}, @@ -73389,14 +73616,14 @@ @phdthesis{bib8187 year = {2012} } -@book{bib8188, +@book{bib8213, author = {Gorter, D. and Jelsma, G.H. and van der Plank, P.H. and de Vos, K.}, publisher = {Leeuwarden}, title = {Taal yn Fryslân}, year = {1984} } -@incollection{bib8189, +@incollection{bib8214, author = {de Vos, Connie}, editor = {Zeshan, Ulrike and de Vos, Connie}, address = {Nijmegen}, @@ -73408,7 +73635,7 @@ @incollection{bib8189 year = {2012} } -@incollection{bib8190, +@incollection{bib8215, author = {de Vries, Lourens}, editor = {Adelaar, Alexander K. and Blust, Robert}, address = {Canberra}, @@ -73420,7 +73647,7 @@ @incollection{bib8190 year = {2002} } -@book{bib8191, +@book{bib8216, author = {de Vries, Lourens J.}, address = {Canberra}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -73432,7 +73659,7 @@ @book{bib8191 year = {2006} } -@incollection{bib8192, +@incollection{bib8217, author = {de Vries, Lourens J.}, editor = {Reesink, Ger P.}, address = {Jakarta}, @@ -73444,7 +73671,7 @@ @incollection{bib8192 year = {1996} } -@book{bib8193, +@book{bib8218, author = {Hilton, N.H. and Ybema, Jan and de Vries, Nienke Jet}, local_ids = {98751}, month = {July 7}, @@ -73453,7 +73680,7 @@ @book{bib8193 year = {2015} } -@incollection{bib8194, +@incollection{bib8219, author = {de Vries, Lourens}, editor = {Dam, Rien A. C. and Odé, C. and Miedema, J.}, booktitle = {Perspectives on the Bird's Head of Irian Jaya, Indonesia}, @@ -73462,7 +73689,7 @@ @incollection{bib8194 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib8195, +@incollection{bib8220, author = {Riemersma, Alex and de Vries, Sieta}, editor = {Björklund, Siv and Bangma, Idske}, booktitle = {Trilingual Primary Education in Europe}, @@ -73471,7 +73698,7 @@ @incollection{bib8195 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib8196, +@incollection{bib8221, author = {de Wavrin, Robert}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -73483,7 +73710,7 @@ @incollection{bib8196 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib8197, +@incollection{bib8222, author = {de Wavrin, Robert}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -73495,7 +73722,7 @@ @incollection{bib8197 year = {1996} } -@incollection{bib8198, +@incollection{bib8223, author = {de Wavrin, Robert}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -73507,7 +73734,7 @@ @incollection{bib8198 year = {1996} } -@article{bib8199, +@article{bib8224, author = {Rivet, Paul and de Wavrin, Robert}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {221-233}, @@ -73516,7 +73743,7 @@ @article{bib8199 year = {1952} } -@article{bib8200, +@article{bib8225, author = {Rivet, Paul and de Wavrin, Robert}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {235-238}, @@ -73525,7 +73752,7 @@ @article{bib8200 year = {1952} } -@article{bib8201, +@article{bib8226, author = {Rivet, Paul and de Wavrin, Robert}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {203-238}, @@ -73534,7 +73761,7 @@ @article{bib8201 year = {1951} } -@incollection{bib8202, +@incollection{bib8227, author = {de Wavrin, Robert and Aguirre Licht, Daniel}, editor = {Landaburu, Jon}, address = {Bogotá}, @@ -73546,7 +73773,7 @@ @incollection{bib8202 year = {1999} } -@article{bib8203, +@article{bib8228, author = {de Wavrin, Robert and Rivet, Paul}, journal = {Journal de la Société des Américanistes}, pages = {333-390}, @@ -73555,7 +73782,7 @@ @article{bib8203 year = {1953} } -@book{bib8204, +@book{bib8229, author = {de Zwaan, Jan D.}, publisher = {Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies}, series = {Australian Aboriginal Studies}, @@ -73564,7 +73791,7 @@ @book{bib8204 year = {1969} } -@book{bib8205, +@book{bib8230, author = {de la Grasserie, Raoul}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -73574,7 +73801,7 @@ @book{bib8205 year = {1902} } -@book{bib8206, +@book{bib8231, author = {de la Grasserie, Raoul}, pages = {339-354}, publisher = {Érnest Leroux}, @@ -73582,7 +73809,7 @@ @book{bib8206 year = {1902} } -@book{bib8207, +@book{bib8232, author = {de la Grasserie, Raoul}, pages = {611-647}, publisher = {Vierzehnte Tagung, Stuttgart 1904 Stuttgart: W.~Kohlhammer}, @@ -73590,7 +73817,7 @@ @book{bib8207 year = {1906} } -@book{bib8208, +@book{bib8233, author = {de la Grasserie, Raoul}, pages = {490-499}, publisher = {Actas de la undécima reunión México}, @@ -73598,7 +73825,7 @@ @book{bib8208 year = {1897} } -@book{bib8209, +@book{bib8234, author = {de la Grasserie, Raoul}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -73608,7 +73835,7 @@ @book{bib8209 year = {1898} } -@misc{bib8210, +@misc{bib8235, author = {de la statistique de la Polynésie française, Institut}, local_ids = {98148}, title = {Recensements de la population}, @@ -73616,13 +73843,13 @@ @misc{bib8210 year = {2012} } -@misc{bib8211, +@misc{bib8236, author = {de la Rosa, Francisco Javier Ullán}, title = {Los indios Ticuna del amazonas: procesos de cambio social y aculturación}, year = {1998} } -@misc{bib8212, +@misc{bib8237, author = {de las Lenguas Indígena INALI, Instituto Nacional}, local_ids = {95580}, title = {Catálogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales: Variantes lingüísticas de México con sus autodenominaciones y referencias geoestadísticas}, @@ -73630,27 +73857,27 @@ @misc{bib8212 year = {2009} } -@misc{bib8213, +@misc{bib8238, author = {de la Documentación del Idioma Baure, Proyecto}, local_ids = {94020}, title = {Los Hablantes del Idioma Baure}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib8214, +@book{bib8239, author = {de Documentación del Idioma Muniche, Proyecto}, publisher = {Cabeceras Aid Project}, title = {Una Breve Descripción del Idioma Muniche}, year = {2009} } -@misc{bib8215, +@misc{bib8240, author = {da Língua Arara Pano do Acre, A Morfossintaxe}, title = {Carla Maria Cunha}, year = {1993} } -@article{bib8216, +@article{bib8241, author = {Queixalós, Francesc and dos Anjos, Zoraide G. S.}, journal = {LIAMES}, pages = {29-60}, @@ -73659,7 +73886,7 @@ @article{bib8216 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8217, +@book{bib8242, author = {dos Anjos, Zoraide}, isbn = {978-94-6093-06-45}, local_ids = {99253}, @@ -73668,43 +73895,43 @@ @book{bib8217 year = {2011} } -@misc{bib8218, +@misc{bib8243, author = {dos Anjos, Zoraide}, title = {Fonologia Katukina (Dialeto Katukina do Biá)}, year = {2005} } -@misc{bib8219, +@misc{bib8244, author = {dos Santos, Gélsama Mara Ferreira}, title = {Morfologia Kuikuro: as categorias 'nome' e 'verbo' e os processos de transitivização e intransitivização}, year = {2002} } -@misc{bib8220, +@misc{bib8245, author = {dos Santos, Gélsama Mara Ferreira}, title = {Morfologia Kuikuro: Gerando nome e verbos}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8221, +@misc{bib8246, author = {dos Santos, Gélsama Mara Ferreira}, title = {Morfologia Kuikuro: Gerando Nomes e Verbos}, year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8222, +@misc{bib8247, author = {dos Santos, Manoel Gomes}, title = {Uma Gramática do Wapixana (Aruák) -- Aspectos da Fonologia, da Morfologia e da Sintaxe}, year = {2006} } -@misc{bib8223, +@misc{bib8248, author = {dos Santos Gomes, Nataniel}, title = {Clíticos, redobro e variação da Ordem Oracional em Kayabí (Tupi-Guarani)}, year = {2007} } -@mastersthesis{bib8224, +@mastersthesis{bib8249, author = {dos Santos Silva, Edineida}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, local_ids = {16924}, @@ -73713,7 +73940,7 @@ @mastersthesis{bib8224 year = {2008} } -@book{bib8225, +@book{bib8250, author = {de Linguistique du Bénin C.N.L.B, Commission Nationale}, address = {Côte d'Ivoire}, copied_from = {HHOLD}, @@ -73724,7 +73951,7 @@ @book{bib8225 year = {1983} } -@incollection{bib8226, +@incollection{bib8251, author = {Danielsen, Swintha and eds., Lena Sell}, address = {Kipus}, booktitle = {Diccionario Flora Y Fauna Guarasu}, @@ -73735,7 +73962,7 @@ @incollection{bib8226 year = {2015} } -@book{bib8227, +@book{bib8252, author = {ex͡tsubdotEfex͡tsubdoteex͡tsubdotbex͡tsubdoto, Awex͡tsubdototex͡tsubdotua L.}, address = {University of Ibadan, Nigeria}, publisher = {Institute of African Studies}, @@ -73744,7 +73971,7 @@ @book{bib8227 year = {1967} } -@book{bib8228, +@book{bib8253, author = {la Cueva, Père}, address = {Paris}, publisher = {Librairie-Éditeur J. Maisonneuve}, @@ -73754,7 +73981,7 @@ @book{bib8228 year = {1893} } -@incollection{bib8229, +@incollection{bib8254, author = {Naude, Soldier David and le Roux, Willemien}, editor = {Crawhall, Nigel and Ostler, Nicholas}, address = {Bath}, @@ -73766,7 +73993,7 @@ @incollection{bib8229 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib8230, +@misc{bib8255, author = {m'Cheux, Sunn}, local_ids = {99607}, month = {September}, @@ -73775,13 +74002,13 @@ @misc{bib8230 year = {2021} } -@misc{bib8231, +@misc{bib8256, author = {dga' dBang mo, Kun}, title = {道孚藏族的語言文化研究}, year = {2010} } -@book{bib8232, +@book{bib8257, author = {people, Damal and CMA}, address = {Jakarta}, pages = {1099}, @@ -73790,7 +74017,7 @@ @book{bib8232 year = {1988} } -@book{bib8233, +@book{bib8258, author = {van Breugel, Seino}, local_ids = {97960}, publisher = {Brill}, @@ -73798,7 +74025,7 @@ @book{bib8233 year = {2014} } -@article{bib8234, +@article{bib8259, author = {van Bulck, Vaast}, journal = {Wiener Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik}, pages = {365-396}, @@ -73807,7 +74034,7 @@ @article{bib8234 year = {1952} } -@book{bib8235, +@book{bib8260, author = {Spencer, Julian and van Cott, Sara and Maclenzie, Bonnie}, local_ids = {95300}, publisher = {SIL International}, @@ -73815,7 +74042,7 @@ @book{bib8235 year = {2013} } -@book{bib8236, +@book{bib8261, author = {van Driem, George}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -73824,7 +74051,7 @@ @book{bib8236 year = {1993} } -@book{bib8237, +@book{bib8262, author = {van Driem, George}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -73833,7 +74060,7 @@ @book{bib8237 year = {1987} } -@misc{bib8238, +@misc{bib8263, author = {van Driem, George}, pages = {826-993 ch. 6}, title = {A wave laps against the northern flank}, @@ -73841,7 +74068,7 @@ @misc{bib8238 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib8239, +@incollection{bib8264, author = {van Driem, George}, editor = {Ura, Karma and Kinga, Sonam}, booktitle = {The Spider and the Piglet: Proceedings of the First International Seminar on Bhutan Studies}, @@ -73850,7 +74077,7 @@ @incollection{bib8239 year = {2004} } -@book{bib8240, +@book{bib8265, author = {van Driem, George}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -73859,7 +74086,7 @@ @book{bib8240 year = {1993} } -@incollection{bib8241, +@incollection{bib8266, author = {van Driem, George}, editor = {Bielmeier, Roland and Haller, Felix}, booktitle = {Linguistics of the Himalayas and beyond Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs}, @@ -73870,7 +74097,7 @@ @incollection{bib8241 year = {2007} } -@incollection{bib8242, +@incollection{bib8267, author = {van Driem, George}, editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias}, booktitle = {Language Diversity Endangered}, @@ -73883,13 +74110,13 @@ @incollection{bib8242 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8243, +@misc{bib8268, author = {van Driem, George}, title = {Himalayan Languages Project: Lhokpu}, url = {http://www.himalayanlanguages.org/languages/lhokpu} } -@misc{bib8244, +@misc{bib8269, author = {van Driem, George}, pages = {204-332 ch. 2}, title = {Kings of the forest and distant horizons}, @@ -73897,14 +74124,14 @@ @misc{bib8244 year = {2001} } -@book{bib8245, +@book{bib8270, author = {van Driem, George}, publisher = {Brill Academic Publisher}, title = {Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region}, year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib8246, +@incollection{bib8271, author = {van Driem, George}, editor = {Moseley, Christopher}, address = {London & New York}, @@ -73917,7 +74144,7 @@ @incollection{bib8246 year = {2007} } -@article{bib8247, +@article{bib8272, author = {van Driem, George}, journal = {Mother Tongue}, pages = {227-247}, @@ -73926,19 +74153,19 @@ @article{bib8247 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib8248, +@misc{bib8273, author = {van Eijk, Jan P.}, title = {An Annotated Bibliography of Salish Linguistics}, year = {2001} } -@misc{bib8249, +@misc{bib8274, author = {van Eijk, J.}, title = {The Lillooet language}, year = {1985} } -@book{bib8250, +@book{bib8275, author = {van Eijk, Jan}, address = {Vancouver}, publisher = {University of British Columbia Press}, @@ -73948,7 +74175,7 @@ @book{bib8250 year = {1997} } -@article{bib8251, +@article{bib8276, author = {van Engelenhoven, Aone and Hajek, John}, journal = {Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor}, pages = {107-124}, @@ -73957,7 +74184,7 @@ @article{bib8251 year = {2000} } -@book{bib8252, +@book{bib8277, author = {van Enk, Gerrit J. and de Vries, Lourens}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, series = {Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics}, @@ -73966,7 +74193,7 @@ @book{bib8252 year = {1997} } -@misc{bib8253, +@misc{bib8278, author = {van Gijn, Erik}, editor = {Muysken, Pieter and Crevels, Mily}, local_ids = {99278}, @@ -73976,14 +74203,14 @@ @misc{bib8253 year = {2006} } -@book{bib8254, +@book{bib8279, author = {van Hasselt, F. J.}, publisher = {Nijhoff}, title = {Spraakkunst der Nufoorsche taal}, year = {1905} } -@article{bib8255, +@article{bib8280, author = {van Koolwijk, A. J.}, journal = {Tijdschrift van het Aardrijkskundig Genootschap}, pages = {222-229}, @@ -73992,7 +74219,7 @@ @article{bib8255 year = {1882} } -@article{bib8256, +@article{bib8281, author = {van Nouhuys, J. W.}, journal = {Nova Guinea}, pages = {1-36}, @@ -74001,7 +74228,7 @@ @article{bib8256 year = {1915} } -@incollection{bib8257, +@incollection{bib8282, author = {van Oosterhout, Dianne}, editor = {Dam, Rien A. C. and Odé, C. and Miedema, J.}, booktitle = {Perspectives on the Bird's Head of Irian Jaya. Indonesia}, @@ -74010,7 +74237,7 @@ @incollection{bib8257 year = {1998} } -@incollection{bib8258, +@incollection{bib8283, author = {van Reenen, Pieter}, editor = {Salmons, Joseph C. and Dubenion-Smith, Shannon}, address = {Amsterdam}, @@ -74022,7 +74249,7 @@ @incollection{bib8258 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8259, +@book{bib8284, author = {van Staden, Miriam}, local_ids = {99522}, publisher = {Mouton}, @@ -74030,7 +74257,7 @@ @book{bib8259 year = {2010} } -@incollection{bib8260, +@incollection{bib8285, author = {Evans, Nicholas and Arka, Wayan and Carroll, Matthew and Choi, Yun Jung and Döhler, Christian and Gast, Volker and Kashima, Eri and Mittag, Emil and Olsson, Bruno and Quinn, Kyla and Schokkin, Dineke and Tama, Philip and van Tongeren, Charlotte and Siegel, Jeff}, editor = {Palmer, Bill}, booktitle = {The Languages and Linguistics of New Guinea: A Comprehensive Guide}, @@ -74042,13 +74269,13 @@ @incollection{bib8260 year = {2017} } -@misc{bib8261, +@misc{bib8286, author = {van Valin, Robert}, title = {Aspects of Lakhota Syntax: A Study of Lakhota (Teton Dakota) Syntax and its Implications for Universal Grammar}, year = {1977} } -@article{bib8262, +@article{bib8287, author = {van de Broek, A. J. P.}, journal = {Nova Guinea}, pages = {233-276}, @@ -74057,7 +74284,7 @@ @article{bib8262 year = {1915} } -@incollection{bib8263, +@incollection{bib8288, author = {van de Kerke, S.}, editor = {Crevels, Mily and van de Kerke, Simon and Meira, Sérgio and van der Voort, Hein}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -74069,7 +74296,7 @@ @incollection{bib8263 year = {2002} } -@incollection{bib8264, +@incollection{bib8289, author = {van de Kerke, Simon}, editor = {Muysken, Pieter and Crevels, Mily}, address = {La Paz}, @@ -74081,7 +74308,7 @@ @incollection{bib8264 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib8265, +@incollection{bib8290, author = {van de Kerke, Simon}, editor = {Nedjalkov, Vladimir P. (with the assistance of Emma Geniusiene and Guentchéva), Zlatka}, booktitle = {Typology of reciprocal constructions}, @@ -74090,7 +74317,7 @@ @incollection{bib8265 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8266, +@book{bib8291, author = {van de Kimmenade, Martin}, address = {Posieux}, publisher = {Anthropos Institut}, @@ -74100,7 +74327,7 @@ @book{bib8266 year = {1954} } -@article{bib8267, +@article{bib8292, author = {van de Kimmenade, Martin}, journal = {Anthropos}, pages = {395-416}, @@ -74109,7 +74336,7 @@ @article{bib8267 year = {1936} } -@book{bib8268, +@book{bib8293, author = {van de Koppel, Jan M.H.}, address = {Lisse}, publisher = {Swets & Zeitlinger}, @@ -74117,7 +74344,7 @@ @book{bib8268 year = {1983} } -@book{bib8269, +@book{bib8294, author = {van den Berg, Helma}, address = {München}, publisher = {Lincom Europa}, @@ -74127,13 +74354,13 @@ @book{bib8269 year = {1995} } -@misc{bib8270, +@misc{bib8295, author = {van den Berg, Helma}, title = {Antipassive in Bezhta}, year = {2000} } -@book{bib8271, +@book{bib8296, author = {van den Berg, René}, institution = {SIL International}, local_ids = {99531}, @@ -74144,7 +74371,7 @@ @book{bib8271 year = {2020} } -@book{bib8272, +@book{bib8297, author = {van den Eynde, Karel}, publisher = {Publications Universitaires, Université Lovanium}, series = {Publications de l'Université de Lovanium}, @@ -74153,7 +74380,7 @@ @book{bib8272 year = {1968} } -@book{bib8273, +@book{bib8298, author = {van den Heuvel, Wilco}, series = {LOT Dissertation Series}, title = {Biak: Description of an Austronesian language of Papua}, @@ -74161,7 +74388,7 @@ @book{bib8273 year = {2006} } -@book{bib8274, +@book{bib8299, author = {d'Ans, André-Marcel and van der Eynde, Els}, address = {Lima}, pages = {43}, @@ -74170,13 +74397,13 @@ @book{bib8274 year = {1972} } -@misc{bib8275, +@misc{bib8300, author = {van der Stap, Petrus A. M.}, title = {Outline of Dani Morphology}, year = {1966} } -@incollection{bib8276, +@incollection{bib8301, author = {Alewijnse, Bart and Nerbonne, John and van der Veen, Lolke J. and Manni, Franz}, editor = {Osenova, Petya and others}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the RANLP (Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing) workshop on computational phonology}, @@ -74185,7 +74412,7 @@ @incollection{bib8276 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8277, +@book{bib8302, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, publisher = {Mouton de Gruyter}, series = {Mouton Grammar Library}, @@ -74194,14 +74421,14 @@ @book{bib8277 year = {2004} } -@book{bib8278, +@book{bib8303, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, publisher = {Leiden University}, title = {A Grammar of Kwaza: A description of an endangered and unclassified indigenous language of Southern Rondônia}, year = {2000} } -@article{bib8279, +@article{bib8304, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Ciências Humanas}, local_ids = {98197 98261}, @@ -74214,7 +74441,7 @@ @article{bib8279 year = {2013} } -@incollection{bib8280, +@incollection{bib8305, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, editor = {Wurm, Stephen A. and Mühlhäusler, Peter and Tryon, Darrell T.}, booktitle = {Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas}, @@ -74223,7 +74450,7 @@ @incollection{bib8280 year = {1996} } -@article{bib8281, +@article{bib8306, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, journal = {International Journal of American Linguistics}, number = {4}, @@ -74233,7 +74460,7 @@ @article{bib8281 year = {2005} } -@incollection{bib8282, +@incollection{bib8307, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, editor = {van der Voort, Hein and van de Kerke, Simon}, address = {Netherlands}, @@ -74245,7 +74472,7 @@ @incollection{bib8282 year = {2000} } -@article{bib8283, +@article{bib8308, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, journal = {Boletim do Museu Paraense Emılio Goeldi: Ciências Humanas}, pages = {133-168}, @@ -74254,7 +74481,7 @@ @article{bib8283 year = {2007} } -@article{bib8284, +@article{bib8309, author = {van der Voort, Hein}, journal = {Cadernos de Etnolingüística}, local_ids = {98213}, @@ -74266,21 +74493,21 @@ @article{bib8284 year = {2012} } -@book{bib8285, +@book{bib8310, author = {von Buchwald, Otto}, publisher = {Tipografá y Encuadernaciones Salesianas.}, title = {El Sebondoy: Vocabulario y Notas}, year = {1920} } -@book{bib8286, +@book{bib8311, author = {von Erckert, R.}, publisher = {Hölder}, title = {Die Sprachen des kaukasischen Stammes}, year = {1895} } -@article{bib8287, +@article{bib8312, author = {Jungraithmayr, H. and von Funck, Angelika}, journal = {Africana Marburgensia}, pages = {56-67, 30-42}, @@ -74289,7 +74516,7 @@ @article{bib8287 year = {1975} } -@article{bib8288, +@article{bib8313, author = {von Ihering, Hermann}, journal = {Revista do Museu Paulista}, pages = {38-51}, @@ -74298,7 +74525,7 @@ @article{bib8288 year = {1911} } -@book{bib8289, +@book{bib8314, author = {von Kinder, Leopold}, address = {Pasto}, publisher = {Imprenta del Departamento}, @@ -74308,7 +74535,7 @@ @book{bib8289 year = {1936} } -@article{bib8290, +@article{bib8315, author = {von Koenigswald, Gustav}, journal = {Globus}, pages = {27-32, 45-49}, @@ -74317,7 +74544,7 @@ @article{bib8290 year = {1908} } -@book{bib8291, +@book{bib8316, author = {von Leitner, G. W.}, address = {Calcutta}, publisher = {Superintendent of Government Printing}, @@ -74325,14 +74552,14 @@ @book{bib8291 year = {1889} } -@book{bib8292, +@book{bib8317, author = {von Preissig, Edward R.}, publisher = {Government Printing Office, Washington}, title = {Dictionary and Grammar of the Chamorro Language of the Island of Guam}, year = {1918} } -@book{bib8293, +@book{bib8318, author = {von Tschudi, J. J.}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {F. A. Brockhaus}, @@ -74340,7 +74567,7 @@ @book{bib8293 year = {1884} } -@book{bib8294, +@book{bib8319, author = {von den Steinen, Karl}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {K. F. Koehler's Antiquarium}, @@ -74349,7 +74576,7 @@ @book{bib8294 year = {1892} } -@book{bib8295, +@book{bib8320, author = {von der Gabelentz, H. C.}, address = {Leipzig}, publisher = {F.~A.~Brockhaus}, @@ -74359,7 +74586,7 @@ @book{bib8295 year = {1852} } -@book{bib8296, +@book{bib8321, author = {von der Schulenberg, A. C. Graf}, address = {Braunschweig}, publisher = {Richard Sattler}, @@ -74367,7 +74594,7 @@ @book{bib8296 year = {1894} } -@book{bib8297, +@book{bib8322, author = {{Sharma, Suhnu Ram}}, address = {Pune, India}, local_ids = {97502}, @@ -74376,7 +74603,7 @@ @book{bib8297 year = {2007} } -@article{bib8298, +@article{bib8323, author = {Álvarez, José}, journal = {Lingüística}, local_ids = {99309}, @@ -74387,7 +74614,7 @@ @article{bib8298 year = {2009} } -@incollection{bib8299, +@incollection{bib8324, author = {Álvarez, José}, booktitle = {Memorias del congreso de idiomas indígenas de latinoamérica-II}, chapter = {Oraciones condicionales en baniva y yavitero (arahuacas)}, @@ -74397,7 +74624,7 @@ @incollection{bib8299 year = {2005} } -@misc{bib8300, +@misc{bib8325, author = {Årsjö, Britten}, local_ids = {99024}, title = {Words in Ama}, @@ -74405,7 +74632,7 @@ @misc{bib8300 year = {1999} } -@book{bib8301, +@book{bib8326, author = {Klimov, G. A. and Èdel'man, D. I.}, address = {Moscow}, publisher = {Akademia Nauk SSSR}, @@ -74414,7 +74641,7 @@ @book{bib8301 year = {1970} } -@book{bib8302, +@book{bib8327, author = {Èdel’man, Dzˇoy}, isbn = {5-86759-085-X}, local_ids = {89040}, @@ -74423,7 +74650,7 @@ @book{bib8302 year = {1999} } -@article{bib8303, +@article{bib8328, author = {Ñáñez, Omar González}, journal = {Boletín bibliográfico de antropología americana}, pages = {137-165}, @@ -74432,7 +74659,7 @@ @article{bib8303 year = {1974-1975} } -@incollection{bib8304, +@incollection{bib8329, author = {Ó Dochartaigh, C.}, editor = {MacAulay, D.}, booktitle = {The Celtic languages}, @@ -74441,14 +74668,14 @@ @incollection{bib8304 year = {1992} } -@book{bib8305, +@book{bib8330, author = {Ó Siadhail, Mıcheál}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {Modern Irish: grammatical structure and dialectal variation}, year = {1989} } -@incollection{bib8306, +@incollection{bib8331, author = {Ó hIfearnáin, Tadhg}, editor = {Ball, Martin J. and Müller, Nicole}, booktitle = {The Celtic Languages}, @@ -74457,7 +74684,7 @@ @incollection{bib8306 year = {2009} } -@book{bib8307, +@book{bib8332, author = {Murrell, Martin and Ştefănescu-Drăgăneşti, Virgiliu}, publisher = {English Universities Press}, series = {Teach Yourself Books}, @@ -74465,7 +74692,7 @@ @book{bib8307 year = {1970} } -@incollection{bib8308, +@incollection{bib8333, author = {Д. С. Ганенков, Ю. А. Ландер и Т. А. Майсак}, editor = {Кибрик, А. Е.}, booktitle = {Малые языки и традиции: Существование на грани}, @@ -74479,14 +74706,14 @@ @incollection{bib8308 year = {2008} } -@misc{bib8309, +@misc{bib8334, author = {Рассадин, Valentin I. Rassadin Валентин}, local_ids = {98652}, title = {Personal Communication on Soyot}, year = {2015} } -@book{bib8310, +@book{bib8335, author = {刀潔, Jie Dao}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105089956}, @@ -74497,7 +74724,7 @@ @book{bib8310 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8311, +@misc{bib8336, author = {a ahan 噶哈巫語全球資訊網, Tatauan Kaxabu}, local_ids = {99108}, note = {in Chinese}, @@ -74506,7 +74733,7 @@ @misc{bib8311 year = {n.d.} } -@book{bib8312, +@book{bib8337, author = {姜儷, Jiang Li}, address = {Leiden}, isbn = {9789004292093}, @@ -74518,7 +74745,7 @@ @book{bib8312 year = {2015} } -@book{bib8313, +@book{bib8338, author = {戴慶廈, Dai Qingxia and 蔣穎, Jiang Ying and 孔志恩, Kong Zhi'en}, address = {Beijing}, isbn = {9787105089932}, @@ -74529,13 +74756,13 @@ @book{bib8313 year = {2007} } -@misc{bib8314, +@misc{bib8339, author = {孫天心, Tianshin Jackson Sun}, title = {A historical-comparative study of the Tani (Mirish) branch in Tibeto-Burman}, year = {1993} } -@book{bib8315, +@book{bib8340, author = {斯欽朝克圖, {Sechenchogt}}, isbn = {7806135340}, local_ids = {97740}, @@ -74545,21 +74772,21 @@ @book{bib8315 year = {1999} } -@book{bib8316, +@book{bib8341, author = {朝克, Dular Osor Chog}, publisher = {China Social Sciences Press 中國社會科學出版社}, title = {鄂溫克語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Evenki]}, year = {2009} } -@book{bib8317, +@book{bib8342, author = {朝克, Dular Osor Chog}, publisher = {China Social Sciences Press 中國社會科學出版社}, title = {滿通古斯語族語言研究史論 [Research history of manchu tungusic language]}, year = {2014} } -@article{bib8318, +@article{bib8343, author = {木本幸憲, Yukinori Kimoto}, journal = {KLS}, local_ids = {98759}, @@ -74571,7 +74798,7 @@ @article{bib8318 year = {2014} } -@book{bib8319, +@book{bib8344, author = {趙敏, Min Zhao and 朱茂云, Maoyun Zhu}, address = {Beijing}, local_ids = {96800}, @@ -74581,21 +74808,21 @@ @book{bib8319 year = {2011} } -@book{bib8320, +@book{bib8345, author = {林英津 Lin, Ying-jing}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {巴則海語 [On Pazeh]}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib8321, +@misc{bib8346, author = {林鴻瑞 Lim, Hong-sui}, title = {《噶哈巫語音韻研究》 A Study of Kaxabu Phonology}, url = {https://www.dropbox.com/s/7bbgoktall2ff3a/%E6%9E%97%E9%B4%BB%E7%91%9E.%202016.%E3%80%8A%E5%99%B6%E5%93%88%E5%B7%AB%E8%AA%9E%E9%9F%B3%E9%9F%BB%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B%20.pdf?dl=0}, year = {2016} } -@book{bib8322, +@book{bib8347, author = {栗林均, Hitoshi Kuribayashi and Enhebatu}, publisher = {Tōhoku Daigaku Tōhoku Ajia Kenkyū Sentā 東北大学東北アジア研究センター}, series = {東北アジア研究センター叢書}, @@ -74604,7 +74831,7 @@ @book{bib8322 year = {2011} } -@incollection{bib8323, +@incollection{bib8348, author = {田口善久, Yoshihisa Taguchi}, editor = {Matsumura, K.}, booktitle = {Studies in Minority Languages}, @@ -74613,7 +74840,7 @@ @incollection{bib8323 year = {2000} } -@article{bib8324, +@article{bib8349, author = {西仁庫爾班, Xiren Kurban and 莊淑萍, Shuping Zhuang}, journal = {語言與翻譯 Language and Translation}, number = {1}, @@ -74623,28 +74850,28 @@ @article{bib8324 year = {2008} } -@book{bib8325, +@book{bib8350, author = {Mo, Chao and 莫超、張建軍, Jianjun Zhang}, publisher = {Gansu min zu chu ban she (甘肅民族出版社)}, title = {Baoanyu changyongci hanying cidian (保安語常用詞漢英詞典) [A Bonan-Chinese-English Dictionary]}, year = {2008} } -@book{bib8326, +@book{bib8351, author = {葉美利 Yeh, Mei-li}, publisher = {遠流出版社 (Yuan-Liou Publishing Co., Ltd.)}, title = {賽夏語參考語法 [A reference grammar of Saisiyat]}, year = {2000} } -@misc{bib8327, +@misc{bib8352, author = {of Indigenous Peoples 行政院原住民族委員會, Council}, title = {The Tribes in Taiwan (Hla’alua)}, url = {http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=786B260E9D63A127&type=D553881BB72C42C9D0636733C6861689}, year = {2015} } -@misc{bib8328, +@misc{bib8353, author = {of Indigenous Peoples 行政院原住民族委員會, Council}, local_ids = {98760}, month = {May}, @@ -74654,7 +74881,7 @@ @misc{bib8328 year = {2015} } -@misc{bib8329, +@misc{bib8354, author = {of Indigenous Peoples 行政院原住民族委員會, Council}, local_ids = {96400}, month = {January}, @@ -74664,7 +74891,7 @@ @misc{bib8329 year = {2014} } -@misc{bib8330, +@misc{bib8355, author = {of Indigenous Peoples 行政院原住民族委員會, Council}, howpublished = {online}, local_ids = {97040}, @@ -74675,7 +74902,7 @@ @misc{bib8330 year = {2014} } -@article{bib8331, +@article{bib8356, author = {西田文信, Nishida Fuminobu}, journal = {Chinese Studies}, pages = {77-85}, @@ -74684,7 +74911,7 @@ @article{bib8331 year = {2008} } -@incollection{bib8332, +@incollection{bib8357, author = {Hsieh, Fuhui and 謝富惠、黃宣範, Shuanfan Huang}, editor = {Rau, D. Victoria and Florey, Margaret}, booktitle = {Documenting and Revitalizing Austronesian Languages LD&C Special Publication}, @@ -74696,7 +74923,7 @@ @incollection{bib8332 year = {2007} } -@book{bib8333, +@book{bib8358, author = {趙相如, Zhao Xiangru and 阿西木, Aximu}, address = {Beijing}, local_ids = {97382}, diff --git a/cldf/values.csv b/cldf/values.csv index b3474f2..fa13d3c 100644 --- a/cldf/values.csv +++ b/cldf/values.csv @@ -2,17 +2,17 @@ ID,Language_ID,Parameter_ID,Value,Code_ID,Comment,Source,preferred 10009-context-1,10009,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib69,no 10009-location-1,10009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.702591, -73.319119]]}",,,bib75,no 10009-location-2,10009,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Massachusetts.""}",,,bib69,no -10009-speakers-1,10009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib2599,yes +10009-speakers-1,10009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib2612,yes 10009-speakers-2,10009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"No known L1 speakers."" ""Language Reclamation Committee offers language classes (2009).",bib69,no -10009-LEI-1,10009,LEI,Awakening (),,"The language is undergoing revitalization, thanks to the effort of the Wopanaak Language Reclamation Project.",bib2599,yes -10009-vitality-1,10009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"The language is undergoing revitalization, thanks to the effort of the Wopanaak Language Reclamation Project.",bib2599,yes +10009-LEI-1,10009,LEI,Awakening (),,"The language is undergoing revitalization, thanks to the effort of the Wopanaak Language Reclamation Project.",bib2612,yes +10009-vitality-1,10009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"The language is undergoing revitalization, thanks to the effort of the Wopanaak Language Reclamation Project.",bib2612,yes 10009-LEI-2,10009,LEI,Awakening (),,Language Reclamation Committee offers language classes (2009).,bib69,no 10009-vitality-2,10009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Language Reclamation Committee offers language classes (2009).,bib69,no 1001-location-1,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Pará State, lower Xingú River.",bib67,no 1001-location-2,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib169,yes -1001-location-3,1001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3902, -53.9648]]}",,,bib5307,no -1001-location-4,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state, Altamira""], ""Description"": ""on the left bank of the Iriri River, Terra Ind\u0131gena Xipaia, in the village of\nTukama, and in the town of Altamira""}",,,bib1903,no -1001-location-5,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +1001-location-3,1001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3902, -53.9648]]}",,,bib5330,no +1001-location-4,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state, Altamira""], ""Description"": ""on the left bank of the Iriri River, Terra Ind\u0131gena Xipaia, in the village of\nTukama, and in the town of Altamira""}",,,bib1915,no +1001-location-5,1001,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 1001-speaker_number-1,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number (SIL 2000). Ethnic population (ISA 2002) 1 (2011 SIL). Ethnic population: 600 (2002 ISA). The ethnic population probably includes Kuruaya [kyr] as they are sometimes considered a single ethnic group. There were 8 elders of Kuruaya and Xipaya descendance in Altamira reported to speak the native language in 2007 (Crevels 2007) (2016).",bib67,no @@ -22,310 +22,310 @@ ID,Language_ID,Parameter_ID,Value,Code_ID,Comment,Source,preferred 1001-speakers-2,1001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No fully competent speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"Grande parte dos Xipaya hoje fala o português, sendo que alguns velhos na cidade de Altamira ainda sabem a língua, mas não a falam cotidianamente. [The large parte of the Xipaya today speak Portuguese, there being some elders in the city of Altamira also know the language, but not speak it daily.]",bib169,yes -1001-speaker_number-3,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1001-speakers-3,1001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1001-speaker_number-4,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1001-speakers-4,1001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""595"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""8""}",,,bib1903,no +1001-speaker_number-3,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1001-speakers-3,1001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1001-speaker_number-4,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1001-speakers-4,1001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""595"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""8""}",,,bib1915,no 1001-speaker_number-5,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1001-speakers-5,1001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1001-speaker_number-6,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1001-speakers-6,1001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""595"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2003), ethnic population (2002)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +1001-speaker_number-6,1001,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1001-speakers-6,1001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""595"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2003), ethnic population (2002)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 1001-LEI-1,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1001-vitality-1,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1001-LEI-2,1001,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib169,yes 1001-vitality-2,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib169,yes -1001-LEI-3,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1001-vitality-3,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1001-LEI-4,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1001-vitality-4,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1001-LEI-3,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1001-vitality-3,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1001-LEI-4,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1001-vitality-4,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1001-LEI-5,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1001-vitality-5,1001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1001-LEI-6,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1001-transmission-6,1001,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,no -1001-speaker_number_trends-6,1001,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,no -1001-vitality-6,1001,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,no -1002-context-1,1002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +1001-LEI-6,1001,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1001-transmission-6,1001,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,no +1001-speaker_number_trends-6,1001,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,no +1001-vitality-6,1001,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,no +1002-context-1,1002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 1002-location-1,1002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.75, -86.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1002-location-2,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""East central Oklahoma among Creek people, near Sapulpa, Hectorsville, and Bristow.""}",,,bib67,no -1002-location-3,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib606,no -1002-location-4,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0009, -96.0988]]}",,,bib5307,no -1002-location-5,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Yuchis have been politically associated with the Muscogee Creeks since the early 19th century; most live among the Creeks in northeastern Oklahoma, near Sapulpa, Hectorsville, and Bristow.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1002-location-6,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0009, -96.0988]]}",,,bib1709,no +1002-location-3,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib609,no +1002-location-4,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0009, -96.0988]]}",,,bib5330,no +1002-location-5,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Yuchis have been politically associated with the Muscogee Creeks since the early 19th century; most live among the Creeks in northeastern Oklahoma, near Sapulpa, Hectorsville, and Bristow.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1002-location-6,1002,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0009, -96.0988]]}",,,bib1721,no 1002-speaker_number-1,1002,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 1,500 (1977 SIL). (4 speakers, 2016.)",bib67,no 1002-speakers-1,1002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 1,500 (1977 SIL). (4 speakers, 2016.)",bib67,no -1002-speaker_number-2,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib606,no -1002-speakers-2,1002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib606,no -1002-speaker_number-3,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1002-speakers-3,1002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1002-speaker_number-4,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language is still spoken fluently by 5 to 7 elderly people, only one younger than 75.",bib5217,yes -1002-speakers-4,1002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""The youngest is 75""}",,"The language is still spoken fluently by 5 to 7 elderly people, only one younger than 75.",bib5217,yes +1002-speaker_number-2,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib609,no +1002-speakers-2,1002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib609,no +1002-speaker_number-3,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1002-speakers-3,1002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1002-speaker_number-4,1002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language is still spoken fluently by 5 to 7 elderly people, only one younger than 75.",bib5240,yes +1002-speakers-4,1002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""The youngest is 75""}",,"The language is still spoken fluently by 5 to 7 elderly people, only one younger than 75.",bib5240,yes 1002-speaker_number-5,1002,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1002-speakers-5,1002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1002-LEI-1,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1002-transmission-1,1002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1002-vitality-1,1002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -1002-LEI-2,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -1002-transmission-2,1002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib606,no -1002-vitality-2,1002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib606,no -1002-LEI-3,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1002-vitality-3,1002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1002-LEI-4,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1002-transmission-4,1002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -1002-speaker_number_trends-4,1002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1002-vitality-4,1002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1002-LEI-2,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +1002-transmission-2,1002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib609,no +1002-vitality-2,1002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib609,no +1002-LEI-3,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1002-vitality-3,1002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1002-LEI-4,1002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1002-transmission-4,1002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +1002-speaker_number_trends-4,1002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1002-vitality-4,1002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1002-LEI-5,1002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1002-vitality-5,1002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -10029-context-1,10029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are apathetic abou the loss of the language. Malay is seen as more important."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Malay""}",,Malay is the most important means of communication both inside and outside the community.,bib8191,yes +10029-context-1,10029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are apathetic abou the loss of the language. Malay is seen as more important."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Malay""}",,Malay is the most important means of communication both inside and outside the community.,bib8216,yes 10029-location-1,10029,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, south Bird\u2019s Head along Maccluer bay. 15 villages.""}",,,bib68,no -10029-location-2,10029,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua province. South Coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula in the village of Inanwatan, South Sorong."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.1, 132.197]]}",,,bib8191,yes +10029-location-2,10029,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua province. South Coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula in the village of Inanwatan, South Sorong."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.1, 132.197]]}",,,bib8216,yes 10029-speaker_number-1,10029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib68,no 10029-speakers-1,10029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib68,no -10029-speaker_number-2,10029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8191,yes -10029-speakers-2,10029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8191,yes +10029-speaker_number-2,10029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8216,yes +10029-speakers-2,10029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8216,yes 10029-LEI-1,10029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 10029-vitality-1,10029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -10029-LEI-2,10029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8191,yes -10029-transmission-2,10029,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8191,yes -10029-domains_of_use-2,10029,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8191,yes -10029-speaker_number_trends-2,10029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8191,yes -10029-vitality-2,10029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8191,yes -1003-context-1,1003,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1003-location-1,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2984,no +10029-LEI-2,10029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8216,yes +10029-transmission-2,10029,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8216,yes +10029-domains_of_use-2,10029,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8216,yes +10029-speaker_number_trends-2,10029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8216,yes +10029-vitality-2,10029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only people age 50 and above generally speak the language. Younger community members speak Malay,bib8216,yes +1003-context-1,1003,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1003-location-1,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2998,no 1003-location-2,1003,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.3333333333, -97.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1003-location-3,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""West central Oklahoma, Caddo county, Anadarko.""}",,,bib67,no -1003-location-4,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0647, -98.2788]]}",,,bib5307,no -1003-location-5,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Caddo County in central Oklahoma, primarily in and around the town of Anadarko.""}",,,bib5217,no -1003-location-6,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0647, -98.2788]]}",,,bib1709,no -1003-speaker_number-1,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1003-speakers-1,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no -1003-speakers-2,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"It was reported on August 31, 2016 by ABC news that Doris McLemore, the last native speaker of Wichita has passed away.",bib5986,yes +1003-location-4,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0647, -98.2788]]}",,,bib5330,no +1003-location-5,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Caddo County in central Oklahoma, primarily in and around the town of Anadarko.""}",,,bib5240,no +1003-location-6,1003,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0647, -98.2788]]}",,,bib1721,no +1003-speaker_number-1,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1003-speakers-1,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no +1003-speakers-2,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"It was reported on August 31, 2016 by ABC news that Doris McLemore, the last native speaker of Wichita has passed away.",bib6010,yes 1003-speaker_number-3,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (2008). Ethnic population data (D. Rood 2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1003-speakers-3,1003,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number data: (2008). Ethnic population data (D. Rood 2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1003-speaker_number-4,1003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1003-speakers-4,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1003-speaker_number-5,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are fewer than 10 elderly speakers of the language in a total tribal population of approximately 2,100.",bib5217,no -1003-speakers-5,1003,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,"There are fewer than 10 elderly speakers of the language in a total tribal population of approximately 2,100.",bib5217,no +1003-speaker_number-4,1003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1003-speakers-4,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1003-speaker_number-5,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are fewer than 10 elderly speakers of the language in a total tribal population of approximately 2,100.",bib5240,no +1003-speakers-5,1003,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,"There are fewer than 10 elderly speakers of the language in a total tribal population of approximately 2,100.",bib5240,no 1003-speaker_number-6,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Doris McLemore is reported to be the last surviving native speaker of Wichita.,bib204,no 1003-speakers-6,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Doris McLemore is reported to be the last surviving native speaker of Wichita.,bib204,no 1003-speaker_number-7,1003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1003-speakers-7,1003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1003-LEI-1,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1003-transmission-1,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1003-speaker_number_trends-1,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1003-vitality-1,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no -1003-LEI-2,1003,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5986,yes -1003-vitality-2,1003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5986,yes +1003-LEI-1,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1003-transmission-1,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1003-speaker_number_trends-1,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1003-vitality-1,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no +1003-LEI-2,1003,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6010,yes +1003-vitality-2,1003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6010,yes 1003-LEI-3,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1003-transmission-3,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1003-speaker_number_trends-3,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1003-vitality-3,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1003-LEI-4,1003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1003-vitality-4,1003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1003-LEI-5,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1003-transmission-5,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1003-speaker_number_trends-5,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1003-vitality-5,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1003-LEI-4,1003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1003-vitality-4,1003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1003-LEI-5,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1003-transmission-5,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1003-speaker_number_trends-5,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1003-vitality-5,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1003-LEI-6,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib204,no 1003-transmission-6,1003,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib204,no 1003-speaker_number_trends-6,1003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib204,no 1003-vitality-6,1003,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib204,no 1003-LEI-7,1003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1003-vitality-7,1003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1004-location-1,1004,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.8816, -122.6715]]}",,,bib1709,no -1004-location-2,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""northeastern California; traditional territory along the Pit River."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.253032, -120.833954]]}",,,bib2984,no -1004-location-3,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Along the Pitt River."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.320107, -121.129761]]}",,,bib2981,yes +1004-location-1,1004,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.8816, -122.6715]]}",,,bib1721,no +1004-location-2,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""northeastern California; traditional territory along the Pit River."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.253032, -120.833954]]}",,,bib2998,no +1004-location-3,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Along the Pitt River."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.320107, -121.129761]]}",,,bib2995,yes 1004-location-4,1004,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5, -121.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1004-location-5,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Pit River Tribe, northeastern California""}",,,bib5217,no -1004-speaker_number-1,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Achumawi, the language of nine of these [Pit RIver Tribe] bands, is spoken by fewer than ten elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers. There are noticeable differences among local varieties.",bib2984,no -1004-speakers-1,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Achumawi, the language of nine of these [Pit RIver Tribe] bands, is spoken by fewer than ten elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers. There are noticeable differences among local varieties.",bib2984,no -1004-speaker_number-2,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2981,yes -1004-speakers-2,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2981,yes -1004-speaker_number-3,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers.",bib5217,no -1004-speakers-3,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,"Spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers.",bib5217,no -1004-LEI-1,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2984,no -1004-transmission-1,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2984,no -1004-domains_of_use-1,1004,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2984,no -1004-speaker_number_trends-1,1004,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2984,no -1004-vitality-1,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2984,no -1004-LEI-2,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2981,yes -1004-transmission-2,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2981,yes -1004-vitality-2,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2981,yes -1004-LEI-3,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1004-transmission-3,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1004-vitality-3,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no -10069-location-1,10069,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.36, 53.7]]}",,,bib1131,yes -10069-speaker_number-1,10069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1131,yes -10069-speakers-1,10069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1131,yes -10069-LEI-1,10069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1131,yes -10069-vitality-1,10069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1131,yes +1004-location-5,1004,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Pit River Tribe, northeastern California""}",,,bib5240,no +1004-speaker_number-1,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Achumawi, the language of nine of these [Pit RIver Tribe] bands, is spoken by fewer than ten elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers. There are noticeable differences among local varieties.",bib2998,no +1004-speakers-1,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Achumawi, the language of nine of these [Pit RIver Tribe] bands, is spoken by fewer than ten elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers. There are noticeable differences among local varieties.",bib2998,no +1004-speaker_number-2,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2995,yes +1004-speakers-2,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2995,yes +1004-speaker_number-3,1004,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers.",bib5240,no +1004-speakers-3,1004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,"Spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semi-speakers or passive speakers.",bib5240,no +1004-LEI-1,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2998,no +1004-transmission-1,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2998,no +1004-domains_of_use-1,1004,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2998,no +1004-speaker_number_trends-1,1004,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2998,no +1004-vitality-1,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Instructional materials were prepared for a language program in the 1980s but this program is apparently no longer in operation.,bib2998,no +1004-LEI-2,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2995,yes +1004-transmission-2,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2995,yes +1004-vitality-2,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Achumawi is spoken by fewer than 10 elderly people, most of them semispeakers or passive speakers"" (p. 98).",bib2995,yes +1004-LEI-3,1004,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1004-transmission-3,1004,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1004-vitality-3,1004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no +10069-location-1,10069,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.36, 53.7]]}",,,bib1140,yes +10069-speaker_number-1,10069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1140,yes +10069-speakers-1,10069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1140,yes +10069-LEI-1,10069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1140,yes +10069-vitality-1,10069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1140,yes 10070-context-1,10070,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambonese Malay [abs], Indonesian [ind]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10070-context-2,10070,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dobo Malay is used along side Western Tarangan in most domains except the most reserved and traditional ones.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dobo Malay, Standard Indonesian Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community regularly speaks Dobo Malay""}",,,bib5551,yes +10070-context-2,10070,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dobo Malay is used along side Western Tarangan in most domains except the most reserved and traditional ones.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dobo Malay, Standard Indonesian Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community regularly speaks Dobo Malay""}",,,bib5575,yes 10070-location-1,10070,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province, southeastern area, south Aru islands, Tarangan island west coast.""}",,,bib69,no -10070-location-2,10070,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Western Tarangan is spoken throughout the western half of Trangan (Tarangan) Island in the Aru Islands in western Maluku.The area is about 50 miles south of Dobo Town. It is spoken in 18 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.573, 134.147]]}",,,bib5551,yes +10070-location-2,10070,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Western Tarangan is spoken throughout the western half of Trangan (Tarangan) Island in the Aru Islands in western Maluku.The area is about 50 miles south of Dobo Town. It is spoken in 18 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.573, 134.147]]}",,,bib5575,yes 10070-speaker_number-1,10070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10070-speakers-1,10070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,910"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10070-speaker_number-2,10070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5551,yes -10070-speakers-2,10070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5551,yes +10070-speaker_number-2,10070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5575,yes +10070-speakers-2,10070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5575,yes 10070-LEI-1,10070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10070-vitality-1,10070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10070-LEI-2,10070,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5551,yes -10070-transmission-2,10070,transmission,0,transmission-0,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5551,yes -10070-domains_of_use-2,10070,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5551,yes -10070-speaker_number_trends-2,10070,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5551,yes -10070-vitality-2,10070,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5551,yes -10071-location-1,10071,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.572274, 53.39691]]}",,,bib1125,no -10071-location-2,10071,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the township of Meyma (Meymeh) in central Iran."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.34, 53.24]]}",,,bib1124,yes -10071-speaker_number-1,10071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1125,no -10071-speakers-1,10071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1125,no -10071-speaker_number-2,10071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1124,yes -10071-speakers-2,10071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1124,yes -10071-LEI-1,10071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1125,no -10071-vitality-1,10071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1125,no -10071-LEI-2,10071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1124,yes -10071-vitality-2,10071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1124,yes -10072-location-1,10072,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""District of Zefra, 70 km northeast of Isfahan"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.805918, 52.116672]]}",,,bib6104,yes -10072-speaker_number-1,10072,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2013, Zefra had a permanent population of roughly 2,000 individuals, with an influx of about 1,000 over the weekends by the younger people, who drove from Isfahan to visit their families (author’s field notes).",bib6104,yes -10072-speakers-1,10072,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2013, Zefra had a permanent population of roughly 2,000 individuals, with an influx of about 1,000 over the weekends by the younger people, who drove from Isfahan to visit their families (author’s field notes).",bib6104,yes -10072-LEI-1,10072,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6104,yes -10072-vitality-1,10072,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6104,yes -10073-context-1,10073,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,,bib1123,no -10073-location-1,10073,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the township of Kup\u0101 and dozens of its piedmont villages; Kuhp\u0101ya district"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.7, 52.45]]}",,,bib1123,no -10073-speaker_number-1,10073,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1128,yes -10073-speakers-1,10073,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1128,yes -10073-LEI-1,10073,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1128,yes -10073-transmission-1,10073,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1128,yes -10073-domains_of_use-1,10073,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1128,yes -10073-speaker_number_trends-1,10073,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1128,yes -10073-vitality-1,10073,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1128,yes -10074-location-1,10074,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Jarquya district: the villages of Ganj\u0101b\u0101d, Si\u0101n, Yang\u0101b\u0101d, Peyk\u0101n, Mazra\u02bfa-\u02bfArab, and \u1e24aydar\u0101b\u0101d in Lower Jarquya (north), and Dastgerd, Kam\u0101l\u0101b\u0101d, \u1e24asan\u0101b\u0101d, \u1e34\u0101r\u0101, and Ya\u1e35\u010d\u0101l in Upper Jarquya."", ""Coordinates"": [[32.261704, 52.198023]]}",,,bib1119,yes -10074-speaker_number-1,10074,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population of the district decreased from 30,300 in the early 1950s (Razmārā, p. 55) to nearly 27,900 in 1996 (Sāzmān-e barnāma, pp. 2, 6), in contrast to the high national growth ... Only about half of the villages of the district have retained their idioms.",bib1119,yes -10074-speakers-1,10074,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""27,900?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population of the district decreased from 30,300 in the early 1950s (Razmārā, p. 55) to nearly 27,900 in 1996 (Sāzmān-e barnāma, pp. 2, 6), in contrast to the high national growth ... Only about half of the villages of the district have retained their idioms.",bib1119,yes -10074-LEI-1,10074,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1119,yes -10074-vitality-1,10074,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1119,yes -10089-context-1,10089,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6503,yes +10070-LEI-2,10070,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5575,yes +10070-transmission-2,10070,transmission,0,transmission-0,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5575,yes +10070-domains_of_use-2,10070,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5575,yes +10070-speaker_number_trends-2,10070,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5575,yes +10070-vitality-2,10070,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Doba Malay is the language of wider communication. It has replaced Tarangan as a regional lingua franca. The language is spoken in 18 villages and it is spoken by children in all but one. It is used along with Malay in daily interactions within the community.,bib5575,yes +10071-location-1,10071,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.572274, 53.39691]]}",,,bib1134,no +10071-location-2,10071,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the township of Meyma (Meymeh) in central Iran."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.34, 53.24]]}",,,bib1133,yes +10071-speaker_number-1,10071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1134,no +10071-speakers-1,10071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1134,no +10071-speaker_number-2,10071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1133,yes +10071-speakers-2,10071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1133,yes +10071-LEI-1,10071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1134,no +10071-vitality-1,10071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1134,no +10071-LEI-2,10071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1133,yes +10071-vitality-2,10071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1133,yes +10072-location-1,10072,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""District of Zefra, 70 km northeast of Isfahan"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.805918, 52.116672]]}",,,bib6128,yes +10072-speaker_number-1,10072,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2013, Zefra had a permanent population of roughly 2,000 individuals, with an influx of about 1,000 over the weekends by the younger people, who drove from Isfahan to visit their families (author’s field notes).",bib6128,yes +10072-speakers-1,10072,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2013, Zefra had a permanent population of roughly 2,000 individuals, with an influx of about 1,000 over the weekends by the younger people, who drove from Isfahan to visit their families (author’s field notes).",bib6128,yes +10072-LEI-1,10072,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6128,yes +10072-vitality-1,10072,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6128,yes +10073-context-1,10073,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,,bib1132,no +10073-location-1,10073,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the township of Kup\u0101 and dozens of its piedmont villages; Kuhp\u0101ya district"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.7, 52.45]]}",,,bib1132,no +10073-speaker_number-1,10073,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1137,yes +10073-speakers-1,10073,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1137,yes +10073-LEI-1,10073,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1137,yes +10073-transmission-1,10073,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1137,yes +10073-domains_of_use-1,10073,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1137,yes +10073-speaker_number_trends-1,10073,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1137,yes +10073-vitality-1,10073,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1137,yes +10074-location-1,10074,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Jarquya district: the villages of Ganj\u0101b\u0101d, Si\u0101n, Yang\u0101b\u0101d, Peyk\u0101n, Mazra\u02bfa-\u02bfArab, and \u1e24aydar\u0101b\u0101d in Lower Jarquya (north), and Dastgerd, Kam\u0101l\u0101b\u0101d, \u1e24asan\u0101b\u0101d, \u1e34\u0101r\u0101, and Ya\u1e35\u010d\u0101l in Upper Jarquya."", ""Coordinates"": [[32.261704, 52.198023]]}",,,bib1128,yes +10074-speaker_number-1,10074,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population of the district decreased from 30,300 in the early 1950s (Razmārā, p. 55) to nearly 27,900 in 1996 (Sāzmān-e barnāma, pp. 2, 6), in contrast to the high national growth ... Only about half of the villages of the district have retained their idioms.",bib1128,yes +10074-speakers-1,10074,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""27,900?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population of the district decreased from 30,300 in the early 1950s (Razmārā, p. 55) to nearly 27,900 in 1996 (Sāzmān-e barnāma, pp. 2, 6), in contrast to the high national growth ... Only about half of the villages of the district have retained their idioms.",bib1128,yes +10074-LEI-1,10074,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1128,yes +10074-vitality-1,10074,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1128,yes +10089-context-1,10089,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6527,yes 10089-context-2,10089,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Strong desire to maintain language and identity,bib67,no -10089-location-1,10089,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Banmauk Township (where the Sttaw and Mawkhwin dialects are spoken) within Katha District in Sagaing Division. Additional coordinates are for Rajapalong, Maungdaw, and Paletwa."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.419, 95.85], [21.259722, 92.117778], [21.233333, 94.083333], [21.3, 92.85]]}",,The Kadu dialects used in Indaw and Pinlebu Towships are nearly extinct.,bib6503,yes -10089-location-2,10089,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.2042, 95.6332]]}",,,bib5307,no +10089-location-1,10089,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Banmauk Township (where the Sttaw and Mawkhwin dialects are spoken) within Katha District in Sagaing Division. Additional coordinates are for Rajapalong, Maungdaw, and Paletwa."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.419, 95.85], [21.259722, 92.117778], [21.233333, 94.083333], [21.3, 92.85]]}",,The Kadu dialects used in Indaw and Pinlebu Towships are nearly extinct.,bib6527,yes +10089-location-2,10089,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.2042, 95.6332]]}",,,bib5330,no 10089-location-3,10089,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""]}",,,bib67,no -10089-speaker_number-1,10089,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6503,yes -10089-speakers-1,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6503,yes -10089-speakers-2,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))""}",,,bib5307,no +10089-speaker_number-1,10089,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6527,yes +10089-speakers-1,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6527,yes +10089-speakers-2,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))""}",,,bib5330,no 10089-speaker_number-3,10089,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 10089-speakers-3,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""228,725 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 10089-speaker_number-4,10089,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 Kanan.",bib67,no 10089-speakers-4,10089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,000 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 Kanan.",bib67,no -10089-LEI-1,10089,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6503,yes -10089-transmission-1,10089,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6503,yes -10089-domains_of_use-1,10089,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6503,yes -10089-speaker_number_trends-1,10089,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6503,yes -10089-vitality-1,10089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6503,yes +10089-LEI-1,10089,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6527,yes +10089-transmission-1,10089,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6527,yes +10089-domains_of_use-1,10089,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6527,yes +10089-speaker_number_trends-1,10089,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6527,yes +10089-vitality-1,10089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The vitality is based on Kadu used in Banmauk Township.,bib6527,yes 10089-LEI-2,10089,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 10089-vitality-2,10089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 10089-LEI-3,10089,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 10089-vitality-3,10089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -101-context-1,101,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sar, Chadian Arabic, French"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kulaawe in Tile Nougar don't have a negative attitude toward Kulaale, but they favor cultural assimilation to modern Chadian society.""}",,Massive emigration has caused language shift.,bib4682,yes -101-location-1,101,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.0581, 18.3993]]}",,,bib5307,no -101-location-2,101,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the southernmost part of the Gu\u00e9ra region of Chad in a dozen villages including Manakundju, Ataway, Tile Nougar, Timan, Sisi, Rim, Kani, Komi, Karo""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.176552, 18.56671]]}",,,bib4682,yes -101-speaker_number-1,101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -101-speakers-1,101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -101-speaker_number-2,101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The speech community is scattered in small, distant villages in a severely underdeveloped region of Chad (Lionnet, 2020).",bib4682,yes -101-speakers-2,101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100 (Eberhard et al., 1997), and 'severely endangered' (Moseley, 2010)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The speech community is scattered in small, distant villages in a severely underdeveloped region of Chad (Lionnet, 2020).",bib4682,yes -101-LEI-1,101,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -101-vitality-1,101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -101-LEI-2,101,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4682,yes -101-transmission-2,101,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4682,yes -101-domains_of_use-2,101,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4682,yes -101-speaker_number_trends-2,101,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4682,yes -101-vitality-2,101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4682,yes -10109-location-1,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""North-eastern Turkey; earlier also adjacent Georgia, from where deported to Central Asia; an outlying dialect of (Western) Armenian not listed separately by the SIL."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.468, 41.558]]}",,,bib5307,no -10109-location-2,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Georgia"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""[Eastern Hemshinli/Homshetsik] live in the province of Artvin (with smaller numbers dispersed elsewhere in Turkey, Central Asia and Europe)... Northern Homshentsik, the descendants of non-Islamicized Hamshen Armenians formerly of the provinces of Samsun, Ordu, Giresun and Trabzon, [now] live in Georgia and Russia.""}",,,bib7548,yes -10109-location-3,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Georgia"", ""Russia"", ""Armenia""]}",,,bib7981,no -10109-speaker_number-1,10109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The western Hemshinli speak only Turkish, though they preserve a fair number of Homshetsma words, toponyms and family names ... [T]he eastern Hemshinli and northern Homshentsik ... continue to speak Homshetsma in relatively large numbers up to the present day.",bib7548,yes -10109-speakers-1,10109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""relatively large numbers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The western Hemshinli speak only Turkish, though they preserve a fair number of Homshetsma words, toponyms and family names ... [T]he eastern Hemshinli and northern Homshentsik ... continue to speak Homshetsma in relatively large numbers up to the present day.",bib7548,yes -10109-speakers-2,10109,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150,000""}",,"Presently [Hamshenis] mainly inhabit the Black Sea coastal areas of Turkey, Russia, and Georgia and also have smaller communities in Armenia and Central Asia (the latter being the consequence of forced migration from Soviet Georgia in 1944). Together the Russian and Georgian populations consist of approximately 150,000 individuals (Kuznetsov 1995).",bib7981,no -10109-LEI-1,10109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7548,yes -10109-vitality-1,10109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7548,yes -10129-context-1,10129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""modiefied American Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""The Cambodian government does not yet officially recognize CBDSL""}",,"No formal schools for Deaf people in Cambodian use CBDSL. Formal schools for Deaf people use a modified version of ASL that follows Khmer word order. Only one organization providing informal education in Cambodia currently uses CBDSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users (and as CBDSL is described in this article). This organization, The Maryknoll Deaf Development Programme, offers informal education to Deaf adults in Phnom Penh and some other provinces in Cambodia.",bib3822,yes -10129-location-1,10129,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Used in Phnom Penh and the areas surrounding Phnom Penh, possibly throughout Cambodia."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.558, 104.917]]}",,,bib3822,yes -10129-speaker_number-1,10129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The website at www.citypopulation.de/Cambodia.html lists the population of Cambodia at 13,388,910 for 2009. Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 13,389 deaf people living in Cambodia. Assuming that most Cambodian deaf people attended school and assuming that they had opportunities of interacting frequently with other deaf people, a reasonable estimate of users of CBDSL would be up to 13,000 users. The situation in Cambodia, however, is one in which many deaf people are isolated. The Deaf Development Programme in Cambodia estimates that 1,500 deaf people in Cambodia may use CBDSL.",bib3822,yes -10129-speakers-1,10129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The website at www.citypopulation.de/Cambodia.html lists the population of Cambodia at 13,388,910 for 2009. Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 13,389 deaf people living in Cambodia. Assuming that most Cambodian deaf people attended school and assuming that they had opportunities of interacting frequently with other deaf people, a reasonable estimate of users of CBDSL would be up to 13,000 users. The situation in Cambodia, however, is one in which many deaf people are isolated. The Deaf Development Programme in Cambodia estimates that 1,500 deaf people in Cambodia may use CBDSL.",bib3822,yes -10129-LEI-1,10129,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3822,yes -10129-domains_of_use-1,10129,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3822,yes -10129-vitality-1,10129,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3822,yes -10149-context-1,10149,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All the official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib1209,yes +101-context-1,101,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sar, Chadian Arabic, French"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kulaawe in Tile Nougar don't have a negative attitude toward Kulaale, but they favor cultural assimilation to modern Chadian society.""}",,Massive emigration has caused language shift.,bib4704,yes +101-location-1,101,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.0581, 18.3993]]}",,,bib5330,no +101-location-2,101,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the southernmost part of the Gu\u00e9ra region of Chad in a dozen villages including Manakundju, Ataway, Tile Nougar, Timan, Sisi, Rim, Kani, Komi, Karo""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.176552, 18.56671]]}",,,bib4704,yes +101-speaker_number-1,101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +101-speakers-1,101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +101-speaker_number-2,101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The speech community is scattered in small, distant villages in a severely underdeveloped region of Chad (Lionnet, 2020).",bib4704,yes +101-speakers-2,101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100 (Eberhard et al., 1997), and 'severely endangered' (Moseley, 2010)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The speech community is scattered in small, distant villages in a severely underdeveloped region of Chad (Lionnet, 2020).",bib4704,yes +101-LEI-1,101,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +101-vitality-1,101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +101-LEI-2,101,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4704,yes +101-transmission-2,101,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4704,yes +101-domains_of_use-2,101,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4704,yes +101-speaker_number_trends-2,101,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4704,yes +101-vitality-2,101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Intergenerational transmission occurs in villages, but not in urban areas where the majority of Kulaawe live.",bib4704,yes +10109-location-1,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""North-eastern Turkey; earlier also adjacent Georgia, from where deported to Central Asia; an outlying dialect of (Western) Armenian not listed separately by the SIL."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.468, 41.558]]}",,,bib5330,no +10109-location-2,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Georgia"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""[Eastern Hemshinli/Homshetsik] live in the province of Artvin (with smaller numbers dispersed elsewhere in Turkey, Central Asia and Europe)... Northern Homshentsik, the descendants of non-Islamicized Hamshen Armenians formerly of the provinces of Samsun, Ordu, Giresun and Trabzon, [now] live in Georgia and Russia.""}",,,bib7573,yes +10109-location-3,10109,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Georgia"", ""Russia"", ""Armenia""]}",,,bib8006,no +10109-speaker_number-1,10109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The western Hemshinli speak only Turkish, though they preserve a fair number of Homshetsma words, toponyms and family names ... [T]he eastern Hemshinli and northern Homshentsik ... continue to speak Homshetsma in relatively large numbers up to the present day.",bib7573,yes +10109-speakers-1,10109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""relatively large numbers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The western Hemshinli speak only Turkish, though they preserve a fair number of Homshetsma words, toponyms and family names ... [T]he eastern Hemshinli and northern Homshentsik ... continue to speak Homshetsma in relatively large numbers up to the present day.",bib7573,yes +10109-speakers-2,10109,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150,000""}",,"Presently [Hamshenis] mainly inhabit the Black Sea coastal areas of Turkey, Russia, and Georgia and also have smaller communities in Armenia and Central Asia (the latter being the consequence of forced migration from Soviet Georgia in 1944). Together the Russian and Georgian populations consist of approximately 150,000 individuals (Kuznetsov 1995).",bib8006,no +10109-LEI-1,10109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7573,yes +10109-vitality-1,10109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7573,yes +10129-context-1,10129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""modiefied American Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""The Cambodian government does not yet officially recognize CBDSL""}",,"No formal schools for Deaf people in Cambodian use CBDSL. Formal schools for Deaf people use a modified version of ASL that follows Khmer word order. Only one organization providing informal education in Cambodia currently uses CBDSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users (and as CBDSL is described in this article). This organization, The Maryknoll Deaf Development Programme, offers informal education to Deaf adults in Phnom Penh and some other provinces in Cambodia.",bib3841,yes +10129-location-1,10129,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Used in Phnom Penh and the areas surrounding Phnom Penh, possibly throughout Cambodia."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.558, 104.917]]}",,,bib3841,yes +10129-speaker_number-1,10129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The website at www.citypopulation.de/Cambodia.html lists the population of Cambodia at 13,388,910 for 2009. Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 13,389 deaf people living in Cambodia. Assuming that most Cambodian deaf people attended school and assuming that they had opportunities of interacting frequently with other deaf people, a reasonable estimate of users of CBDSL would be up to 13,000 users. The situation in Cambodia, however, is one in which many deaf people are isolated. The Deaf Development Programme in Cambodia estimates that 1,500 deaf people in Cambodia may use CBDSL.",bib3841,yes +10129-speakers-1,10129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The website at www.citypopulation.de/Cambodia.html lists the population of Cambodia at 13,388,910 for 2009. Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 13,389 deaf people living in Cambodia. Assuming that most Cambodian deaf people attended school and assuming that they had opportunities of interacting frequently with other deaf people, a reasonable estimate of users of CBDSL would be up to 13,000 users. The situation in Cambodia, however, is one in which many deaf people are isolated. The Deaf Development Programme in Cambodia estimates that 1,500 deaf people in Cambodia may use CBDSL.",bib3841,yes +10129-LEI-1,10129,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3841,yes +10129-domains_of_use-1,10129,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3841,yes +10129-vitality-1,10129,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3841,yes +10149-context-1,10149,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All the official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib1218,yes 10149-context-2,10149,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official ones""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,Strong desire to maintain language and identity,bib67,no -10149-location-1,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""The Kanan live along the Mu River (southwestern Banmauk Township within Katha District in Sagaing Division), and their region within Banmauk Township made up of 24 villages.""}",,The Kanan live to the southwest of the Kadu villages in Banmauk Township.They live particularly close to the Mawkhwin Kadu speakers.,bib6503,no -10149-location-2,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""All live in Southwest Banmauk Towship.""}",,,bib1209,yes -10149-location-3,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.2042, 95.6332]]}",,,bib5307,no +10149-location-1,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""The Kanan live along the Mu River (southwestern Banmauk Township within Katha District in Sagaing Division), and their region within Banmauk Township made up of 24 villages.""}",,The Kanan live to the southwest of the Kadu villages in Banmauk Township.They live particularly close to the Mawkhwin Kadu speakers.,bib6527,no +10149-location-2,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""All live in Southwest Banmauk Towship.""}",,,bib1218,yes +10149-location-3,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.2042, 95.6332]]}",,,bib5330,no 10149-location-4,10149,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Banmauk Township, Katha District, Sagaing Division, Myanmar""}",,,bib67,no -10149-speaker_number-2,10149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Kanan do not intermingled with Kadu and consider themselves a separate ethnic group. Kadu and Kanan may be mutually intelligible, which remains untested.",bib1209,yes -10149-speakers-2,10149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003/2004 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Kanan do not intermingled with Kadu and consider themselves a separate ethnic group. Kadu and Kanan may be mutually intelligible, which remains untested.",bib1209,yes -10149-speaker_number-3,10149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -10149-speakers-3,10149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +10149-speaker_number-2,10149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Kanan do not intermingled with Kadu and consider themselves a separate ethnic group. Kadu and Kanan may be mutually intelligible, which remains untested.",bib1218,yes +10149-speakers-2,10149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003/2004 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Kanan do not intermingled with Kadu and consider themselves a separate ethnic group. Kadu and Kanan may be mutually intelligible, which remains untested.",bib1218,yes +10149-speaker_number-3,10149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +10149-speakers-3,10149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 10149-speaker_number-4,10149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 10149-speakers-4,10149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""228,725 (including both Kadu (zkd) and Kanan (zkn))"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 10149-speaker_number-5,10149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 10149-speakers-5,10149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -10149-LEI-1,10149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1209,yes -10149-vitality-1,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1209,yes -10149-LEI-2,10149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10149-vitality-2,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +10149-LEI-1,10149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1218,yes +10149-vitality-1,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1218,yes +10149-LEI-2,10149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10149-vitality-2,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 10149-LEI-3,10149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 10149-vitality-3,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 10149-LEI-4,10149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 10149-vitality-4,10149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -10169-location-1,10169,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Chad"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken in the] Logone-et-Chari department of the Far North province of Cameroon. Lagwan is the name of the language spoken by the Kotoko in Logone-Birni and the area north of Waza National Park, from the banks of the Logone River to the Nigerian border (Dieu et al 1983:93). Consequently, as well as being the language of a number of villages in Cameroon, the language area extends to a number of villages in Chad and one in Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.664593, 15.073328]]}",,,bib6410,yes -10169-speaker_number-1,10169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6410,yes -10169-speakers-1,10169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6410,yes +10169-location-1,10169,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Chad"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken in the] Logone-et-Chari department of the Far North province of Cameroon. Lagwan is the name of the language spoken by the Kotoko in Logone-Birni and the area north of Waza National Park, from the banks of the Logone River to the Nigerian border (Dieu et al 1983:93). Consequently, as well as being the language of a number of villages in Cameroon, the language area extends to a number of villages in Chad and one in Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.664593, 15.073328]]}",,,bib6434,yes +10169-speaker_number-1,10169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6434,yes +10169-speakers-1,10169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6434,yes 10169-speaker_number-2,10169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 10169-speakers-2,10169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -10169-LEI-1,10169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6410,yes -10169-vitality-1,10169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6410,yes +10169-LEI-1,10169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6434,yes +10169-vitality-1,10169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6434,yes 10169-LEI-2,10169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 10169-vitality-2,10169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -10189-location-1,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula island""}",,,bib2728,yes +10189-location-1,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula island""}",,,bib2742,yes 10189-location-2,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malampa Province, South Malekula.""}",,,bib69,no -10189-location-3,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southern Malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.562, 167.49]]}",,,bib1913,no -10189-location-4,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.557359, 167.505623]]}",,,bib395,no -10189-speaker_number-1,10189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,yes -10189-speakers-1,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,yes +10189-location-3,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southern Malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.562, 167.49]]}",,,bib1925,no +10189-location-4,10189,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.557359, 167.505623]]}",,,bib396,no +10189-speaker_number-1,10189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,yes +10189-speakers-1,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,yes 10189-speaker_number-2,10189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10189-speakers-2,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10189-speaker_number-3,10189,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Estimates for speaker numbers varies greatly. Ethnologue lists 600 with data gathered in 1983.,bib1913,no -10189-speakers-3,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Estimates for speaker numbers varies greatly. Ethnologue lists 600 with data gathered in 1983.,bib1913,no -10189-speaker_number-4,10189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -10189-speakers-4,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -10189-LEI-1,10189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,yes -10189-vitality-1,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,yes +10189-speaker_number-3,10189,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Estimates for speaker numbers varies greatly. Ethnologue lists 600 with data gathered in 1983.,bib1925,no +10189-speakers-3,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Estimates for speaker numbers varies greatly. Ethnologue lists 600 with data gathered in 1983.,bib1925,no +10189-speaker_number-4,10189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +10189-speakers-4,10189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +10189-LEI-1,10189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,yes +10189-vitality-1,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,yes 10189-LEI-2,10189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10189-vitality-2,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10189-LEI-3,10189,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,no -10189-vitality-3,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,no -10189-LEI-4,10189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10189-vitality-4,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -10209-context-1,10209,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama is used with all non-Avava speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community also uses Bislama and the younger generation is fluent.""}",,"Bislama and Avava are now simultaneously learned by children, who grow up speaking both in everyday life. Education is in English, but proficiency is low.",bib1918,yes -10209-location-1,10209,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central Malakula. Spoken in the villages of Tisvel, Khatbol (Katbol), Taremp, and Tembimbi. Tisvel is located some distance from the other three villages, separated by untamed jungle on the opposite shore of central malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.184, 167.477]]}",,,bib1918,yes -10209-location-2,10209,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.233418, 167.470106]]}",,,bib395,no +10189-LEI-3,10189,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,no +10189-vitality-3,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,no +10189-LEI-4,10189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10189-vitality-4,10189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +10209-context-1,10209,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama is used with all non-Avava speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community also uses Bislama and the younger generation is fluent.""}",,"Bislama and Avava are now simultaneously learned by children, who grow up speaking both in everyday life. Education is in English, but proficiency is low.",bib1930,yes +10209-location-1,10209,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central Malakula. Spoken in the villages of Tisvel, Khatbol (Katbol), Taremp, and Tembimbi. Tisvel is located some distance from the other three villages, separated by untamed jungle on the opposite shore of central malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.184, 167.477]]}",,,bib1930,yes +10209-location-2,10209,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.233418, 167.470106]]}",,,bib396,no 10209-speakers-1,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450""}",,,bib233,no -10209-speaker_number-2,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of the four Avava speaking villages is 427. Some of the population is composed of speakers of other languages. Additionally, a number of Avava speakers live in urban centers.",bib1918,yes -10209-speakers-2,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of the four Avava speaking villages is 427. Some of the population is composed of speakers of other languages. Additionally, a number of Avava speakers live in urban centers.",bib1918,yes -10209-speaker_number-3,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -10209-speakers-3,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no -10209-speaker_number-4,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -10209-speakers-4,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -10209-LEI-1,10209,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1918,yes -10209-transmission-1,10209,transmission,0,transmission-0,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1918,yes -10209-domains_of_use-1,10209,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1918,yes -10209-speaker_number_trends-1,10209,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1918,yes -10209-vitality-1,10209,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1918,yes -10209-LEI-2,10209,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -10209-vitality-2,10209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -10209-LEI-3,10209,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10209-vitality-3,10209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +10209-speaker_number-2,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of the four Avava speaking villages is 427. Some of the population is composed of speakers of other languages. Additionally, a number of Avava speakers live in urban centers.",bib1930,yes +10209-speakers-2,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of the four Avava speaking villages is 427. Some of the population is composed of speakers of other languages. Additionally, a number of Avava speakers live in urban centers.",bib1930,yes +10209-speaker_number-3,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +10209-speakers-3,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no +10209-speaker_number-4,10209,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +10209-speakers-4,10209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +10209-LEI-1,10209,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1930,yes +10209-transmission-1,10209,transmission,0,transmission-0,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1930,yes +10209-domains_of_use-1,10209,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1930,yes +10209-speaker_number_trends-1,10209,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1930,yes +10209-vitality-1,10209,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Avava is still learned by children and remains the primary language within the community.,bib1930,yes +10209-LEI-2,10209,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +10209-vitality-2,10209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +10209-LEI-3,10209,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10209-vitality-3,10209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 1021-location-1,1021,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Bauchi LGA, Kuka and Talan Kasa villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.221004, 9.906132]]}",,,bib67,yes 1021-speaker_number-1,1021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1021-speakers-1,1021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -335,201 +335,201 @@ ID,Language_ID,Parameter_ID,Value,Code_ID,Comment,Source,preferred 1021-vitality-1,1021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1021-LEI-2,1021,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1021-vitality-2,1021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -10229-context-1,10229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muyang, Mandara, Fulfulde, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Baka speakers are fluent in Muyang... Apart from Muyang, Baka speakers are typical familiar with the two main vehicular languages of the region, Mandara and Fulfulde. Some French is known to a few individuals, as well as to schoolchildren who by and large do not speak Baka, however.",bib6900,yes -10229-location-1,10229,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Far North Province, Mayo-Sava Division, northeast of Tokombere, Muyang, Mougouba, Gouadagouada, and Palbarar massifs... By some irony, the Baka language is no longer spoken in the village of that name except by a few older speakers in Muyang households. The main settlements where some Baka speakers live are H\u0259mas\u0259k, Kablagaka, Akormagara, Koselbey, Demsa, Baka, Dakazlala, Makil\u014bgay, Yam Agda and Po\u014b. Settlement is very dispersed in this region and these are in reality hamlets with a just a few compounds."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.881522, 14.193724]]}",,,bib6900,yes -10229-speaker_number-1,10229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A sociolinguistic survey was conducted of all households in the Baka-speaking settlements... There are some 115 households which at least claim part Baka ethnicity, or in which there is at least one competent speaker. These households contain some 652 individuals. There are 10 households where all members are Baka speakers, but 9 of these contain only one person, usually an aging widow, and the tenth only two people. In these households there are 140 Baka speakers.",bib6900,yes -10229-speakers-1,10229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""652"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A sociolinguistic survey was conducted of all households in the Baka-speaking settlements... There are some 115 households which at least claim part Baka ethnicity, or in which there is at least one competent speaker. These households contain some 652 individuals. There are 10 households where all members are Baka speakers, but 9 of these contain only one person, usually an aging widow, and the tenth only two people. In these households there are 140 Baka speakers.",bib6900,yes -10229-LEI-1,10229,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6900,yes -10229-transmission-1,10229,transmission,3,transmission-3,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6900,yes -10229-speaker_number_trends-1,10229,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6900,yes -10229-vitality-1,10229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6900,yes -10249-context-1,10249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; White Tai (twh); Miao/Hmong"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"People who are educated or intermarry with Han Chinese or other ethnicity also speak Mandarin besides Bumang and White Tai, but their children probably speak only Mandarin. People who are above 40s are all bilingual in Bumang and White Tai.",bib8310,yes -10249-location-1,10249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mengla Xiazhai and Mengla Shangzhai, Jinping County, Yunnan, China (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23\u82d7\u65cf\u7476\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf\u52d0\u62c9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0a\u5be8\u548c\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0b\u5be8)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.661, 103.085]]}",,,bib2405,no -10249-location-2,10249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Bumang is a Austroasiatic language spoken in Yunnan, specifically Mengla Xiazhai and Mengla Shangzhai, Jinping County, Yunnan, China (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23\u82d7\u65cf\u7464\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23\u52d0\u62c9\u5730\u5340\u7684\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0a\u5be8\u548c\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0b\u5be8)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.661, 103.085]]}",,,bib8310,yes +10229-context-1,10229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muyang, Mandara, Fulfulde, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Baka speakers are fluent in Muyang... Apart from Muyang, Baka speakers are typical familiar with the two main vehicular languages of the region, Mandara and Fulfulde. Some French is known to a few individuals, as well as to schoolchildren who by and large do not speak Baka, however.",bib6924,yes +10229-location-1,10229,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Far North Province, Mayo-Sava Division, northeast of Tokombere, Muyang, Mougouba, Gouadagouada, and Palbarar massifs... By some irony, the Baka language is no longer spoken in the village of that name except by a few older speakers in Muyang households. The main settlements where some Baka speakers live are H\u0259mas\u0259k, Kablagaka, Akormagara, Koselbey, Demsa, Baka, Dakazlala, Makil\u014bgay, Yam Agda and Po\u014b. Settlement is very dispersed in this region and these are in reality hamlets with a just a few compounds."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.881522, 14.193724]]}",,,bib6924,yes +10229-speaker_number-1,10229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A sociolinguistic survey was conducted of all households in the Baka-speaking settlements... There are some 115 households which at least claim part Baka ethnicity, or in which there is at least one competent speaker. These households contain some 652 individuals. There are 10 households where all members are Baka speakers, but 9 of these contain only one person, usually an aging widow, and the tenth only two people. In these households there are 140 Baka speakers.",bib6924,yes +10229-speakers-1,10229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""652"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A sociolinguistic survey was conducted of all households in the Baka-speaking settlements... There are some 115 households which at least claim part Baka ethnicity, or in which there is at least one competent speaker. These households contain some 652 individuals. There are 10 households where all members are Baka speakers, but 9 of these contain only one person, usually an aging widow, and the tenth only two people. In these households there are 140 Baka speakers.",bib6924,yes +10229-LEI-1,10229,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6924,yes +10229-transmission-1,10229,transmission,3,transmission-3,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6924,yes +10229-speaker_number_trends-1,10229,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6924,yes +10229-vitality-1,10229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The age range of Baka speakers is 15-90; with a significant bias towards the upper end of the age range. Estimations of the age of speakers above sixty must be taken as approximate. The mean age of speakers is 39.7 years but there are no speakers at all aged 14 and below... [Baka is] in imminent danger of disappearing.,bib6924,yes +10249-context-1,10249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; White Tai (twh); Miao/Hmong"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"People who are educated or intermarry with Han Chinese or other ethnicity also speak Mandarin besides Bumang and White Tai, but their children probably speak only Mandarin. People who are above 40s are all bilingual in Bumang and White Tai.",bib8335,yes +10249-location-1,10249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mengla Xiazhai and Mengla Shangzhai, Jinping County, Yunnan, China (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23\u82d7\u65cf\u7476\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u53bf\u52d0\u62c9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0a\u5be8\u548c\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0b\u5be8)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.661, 103.085]]}",,,bib2418,no +10249-location-2,10249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Bumang is a Austroasiatic language spoken in Yunnan, specifically Mengla Xiazhai and Mengla Shangzhai, Jinping County, Yunnan, China (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23\u82d7\u65cf\u7464\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23\u52d0\u62c9\u5730\u5340\u7684\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0a\u5be8\u548c\u66fc\u4ed7\u4e0b\u5be8)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.661, 103.085]]}",,,bib8335,yes 10249-speaker_number-1,10249,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"officially regarded as Tai in China. -Based on DAO Jie (2006, 2007), Edmondson states that ""[T]he Bumang [is] a group that is descended of 19th century Kháng immigrants from Vietnam now residing in Jingping County just over the international frontier in China.""",bib2405,no +Based on DAO Jie (2006, 2007), Edmondson states that ""[T]he Bumang [is] a group that is descended of 19th century Kháng immigrants from Vietnam now residing in Jingping County just over the international frontier in China.""",bib2418,no 10249-speakers-1,10249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"officially regarded as Tai in China. -Based on DAO Jie (2006, 2007), Edmondson states that ""[T]he Bumang [is] a group that is descended of 19th century Kháng immigrants from Vietnam now residing in Jingping County just over the international frontier in China.""",bib2405,no -10249-speaker_number-2,10249,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,is classified under Dai 傣 nationality in China.,bib8310,yes -10249-speakers-2,10249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,is classified under Dai 傣 nationality in China.,bib8310,yes -10249-LEI-1,10249,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2405,no -10249-vitality-1,10249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2405,no -10249-LEI-2,10249,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8310,yes -10249-transmission-2,10249,transmission,1,transmission-1,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8310,yes -10249-domains_of_use-2,10249,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8310,yes -10249-speaker_number_trends-2,10249,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8310,yes -10249-vitality-2,10249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8310,yes -10269-context-1,10269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pijin, English"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community is fluent in Pijin""}",,,bib7262,yes -10269-location-1,10269,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Russell Islands""}",,,bib3265,no -10269-location-2,10269,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Russell Islands"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.079, 159.22]]}",,,bib7262,yes -10269-speaker_number-1,10269,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,no -10269-speakers-1,10269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,no -10269-speaker_number-2,10269,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7262,yes -10269-speakers-2,10269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7262,yes -10269-LEI-1,10269,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -10269-vitality-1,10269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no -10269-LEI-2,10269,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7262,yes -10269-transmission-2,10269,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7262,yes -10269-domains_of_use-2,10269,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7262,yes -10269-speaker_number_trends-2,10269,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7262,yes -10269-vitality-2,10269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7262,yes -10289-context-1,10289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalaw Kawaw Ya, Meriam Mir""}",,"Many Torres Strait Islander people are multilingual and the reported frequency of use, ‘often’ rather than ‘always’, suggests speakers switch between Yumplatok and other languages.",bib7416,yes +Based on DAO Jie (2006, 2007), Edmondson states that ""[T]he Bumang [is] a group that is descended of 19th century Kháng immigrants from Vietnam now residing in Jingping County just over the international frontier in China.""",bib2418,no +10249-speaker_number-2,10249,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,is classified under Dai 傣 nationality in China.,bib8335,yes +10249-speakers-2,10249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,is classified under Dai 傣 nationality in China.,bib8335,yes +10249-LEI-1,10249,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2418,no +10249-vitality-1,10249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2418,no +10249-LEI-2,10249,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8335,yes +10249-transmission-2,10249,transmission,1,transmission-1,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8335,yes +10249-domains_of_use-2,10249,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8335,yes +10249-speaker_number_trends-2,10249,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8335,yes +10249-vitality-2,10249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,All of them are bilingual/multilingual. But only a few elders possess the knowledge of Bumang oral traditions or songs.,bib8335,yes +10269-context-1,10269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pijin, English"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community is fluent in Pijin""}",,,bib7286,yes +10269-location-1,10269,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Russell Islands""}",,,bib3281,no +10269-location-2,10269,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Russell Islands"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.079, 159.22]]}",,,bib7286,yes +10269-speaker_number-1,10269,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,no +10269-speakers-1,10269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,no +10269-speaker_number-2,10269,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7286,yes +10269-speakers-2,10269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7286,yes +10269-LEI-1,10269,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +10269-vitality-1,10269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no +10269-LEI-2,10269,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7286,yes +10269-transmission-2,10269,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7286,yes +10269-domains_of_use-2,10269,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7286,yes +10269-speaker_number_trends-2,10269,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7286,yes +10269-vitality-2,10269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the West Russells, people live a traditional lifestyle and grow up learning Lavukaleve as their first language. In the East Russells however, Pijin is more widespread, and many parents speak only Pijin to their children. As Pijin's influence becomes more widespread, Lavukaleve becomes more threatened.",bib7286,yes +10289-context-1,10289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalaw Kawaw Ya, Meriam Mir""}",,"Many Torres Strait Islander people are multilingual and the reported frequency of use, ‘often’ rather than ‘always’, suggests speakers switch between Yumplatok and other languages.",bib7440,yes 10289-location-1,10289,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Torres Strait Islands, towns on upper Cape York, some towns on north Queensland east coast.""}",,,bib68,no -10289-location-2,10289,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Torres Strait Islands, Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.544521, 142.253666]]}",,,bib7416,yes +10289-location-2,10289,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Torres Strait Islands, Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.544521, 142.253666]]}",,,bib7440,yes 10289-speaker_number-1,10289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib68,no 10289-speakers-1,10289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,040"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib68,no -10289-speaker_number-2,10289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,A [respondent] for Yumplatok reported that it is used by all age groups and has thousands of full speakers in each age group. It also has part-speakers and people who are able to say several words and simple sentences.,bib7416,yes -10289-speakers-2,10289,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""4000"", ""Young Adults"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""3000""}",,A [respondent] for Yumplatok reported that it is used by all age groups and has thousands of full speakers in each age group. It also has part-speakers and people who are able to say several words and simple sentences.,bib7416,yes +10289-speaker_number-2,10289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,A [respondent] for Yumplatok reported that it is used by all age groups and has thousands of full speakers in each age group. It also has part-speakers and people who are able to say several words and simple sentences.,bib7440,yes +10289-speakers-2,10289,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""4000"", ""Young Adults"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""3000""}",,A [respondent] for Yumplatok reported that it is used by all age groups and has thousands of full speakers in each age group. It also has part-speakers and people who are able to say several words and simple sentences.,bib7440,yes 10289-LEI-1,10289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 10289-vitality-1,10289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -10289-LEI-2,10289,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7416,yes -10289-transmission-2,10289,transmission,0,transmission-0,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7416,yes -10289-speaker_number_trends-2,10289,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7416,yes -10289-vitality-2,10289,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7416,yes -10309-context-1,10309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Selau""}",,"Intermarriage has brought many speakers of other languages into the community, particularly speakers of Selau and Tok Pisin. Ratsua speakers will use Selau when interacting with speakers of that language. Although Hahon and Ratsua are very closely related, speakers of these languages were observed to interact in Tok Pisin. However, the presence of the researcher may have influenced this choice.",bib5740,yes -10309-location-1,10309,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ratsua is spoken in 9 small settlements with 4 to 5 families per settlement. Bougainville Island, Bougainville Province, Papua New Guinea."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.5245, 154.8006]]}",,,bib5740,yes -10309-speaker_number-1,10309,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5740,yes -10309-speakers-1,10309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5740,yes -10309-LEI-1,10309,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5740,yes -10309-transmission-1,10309,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5740,yes -10309-domains_of_use-1,10309,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5740,yes -10309-speaker_number_trends-1,10309,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5740,yes -10309-vitality-1,10309,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5740,yes -10310-context-1,10310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Catholic church, law, community events""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is used at home, in some traditional ceremonies and in some community contexts. It has been mostly replaced by Tok Pisin in Catholic religious ceremonies, local law courts, and larger community events. Local leaders have stated that it is necessary to use Tok Pisin in these contexts due to the presence of people who have married into the community but have not learned the language. That said, some people who have married into the community have learned the language very well. It is not known what language is preferred during the celebration of the ceremonies of other Christian denominations.",bib5739,yes -10310-location-1,10310,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the following groups of villages in Bougainville Province: Porpor and Matatsura, located on the coast at the northern extreme of the Hahon area, and Aravia, located inland in mountainous terrain close to the border of the Tinputz-speaking region; Savon, Benmat and Puto, located further south along the west coast of Bougainville; and Doaso (coastal) and Petspets (inland), located further south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.342585, 154.559549]]}",,,bib5739,yes -10310-speaker_number-1,10310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5739,yes -10310-speakers-1,10310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5739,yes -10310-LEI-1,10310,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5739,yes -10310-transmission-1,10310,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5739,yes -10310-domains_of_use-1,10310,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5739,yes -10310-speaker_number_trends-1,10310,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5739,yes -10310-vitality-1,10310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5739,yes -10329-location-1,10329,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.98, 145.22]]}",,,bib3264,no -10329-speaker_number-1,10329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most speakers are adults over 30. I suspect few children are growing up as competent speakers, but I am not sure.",bib1976,yes -10329-speakers-1,10329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most speakers are adults over 30. I suspect few children are growing up as competent speakers, but I am not sure.",bib1976,yes +10289-LEI-2,10289,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7440,yes +10289-transmission-2,10289,transmission,0,transmission-0,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7440,yes +10289-speaker_number_trends-2,10289,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7440,yes +10289-vitality-2,10289,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Yumplatok speakers in all age groups use the language ‘often’.,bib7440,yes +10309-context-1,10309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Selau""}",,"Intermarriage has brought many speakers of other languages into the community, particularly speakers of Selau and Tok Pisin. Ratsua speakers will use Selau when interacting with speakers of that language. Although Hahon and Ratsua are very closely related, speakers of these languages were observed to interact in Tok Pisin. However, the presence of the researcher may have influenced this choice.",bib5764,yes +10309-location-1,10309,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ratsua is spoken in 9 small settlements with 4 to 5 families per settlement. Bougainville Island, Bougainville Province, Papua New Guinea."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.5245, 154.8006]]}",,,bib5764,yes +10309-speaker_number-1,10309,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5764,yes +10309-speakers-1,10309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5764,yes +10309-LEI-1,10309,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5764,yes +10309-transmission-1,10309,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5764,yes +10309-domains_of_use-1,10309,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5764,yes +10309-speaker_number_trends-1,10309,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5764,yes +10309-vitality-1,10309,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Assumed to be similar to the situation of neighboring Hahon, where all age groups use the language, but the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence from Tok Pisin. Speaker numbers may not be declining, but the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin. Consultant felt that the language is not strong.",bib5764,yes +10310-context-1,10310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Catholic church, law, community events""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is used at home, in some traditional ceremonies and in some community contexts. It has been mostly replaced by Tok Pisin in Catholic religious ceremonies, local law courts, and larger community events. Local leaders have stated that it is necessary to use Tok Pisin in these contexts due to the presence of people who have married into the community but have not learned the language. That said, some people who have married into the community have learned the language very well. It is not known what language is preferred during the celebration of the ceremonies of other Christian denominations.",bib5763,yes +10310-location-1,10310,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the following groups of villages in Bougainville Province: Porpor and Matatsura, located on the coast at the northern extreme of the Hahon area, and Aravia, located inland in mountainous terrain close to the border of the Tinputz-speaking region; Savon, Benmat and Puto, located further south along the west coast of Bougainville; and Doaso (coastal) and Petspets (inland), located further south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.342585, 154.559549]]}",,,bib5763,yes +10310-speaker_number-1,10310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5763,yes +10310-speakers-1,10310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5763,yes +10310-LEI-1,10310,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10310-transmission-1,10310,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10310-domains_of_use-1,10310,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10310-speaker_number_trends-1,10310,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10310-vitality-1,10310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All age groups use the language, although the knowledge of the language of younger generations shows greater influence of Tok Pisin. The language is being passed on to most children, although in a minority of families this is not the case. Probably 85%% of the new born population learn Hahon as a first language. Speaker numbers are probably not declining, although the language is undergoing marked change due to contact with Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10329-location-1,10329,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.98, 145.22]]}",,,bib3280,no +10329-speaker_number-1,10329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most speakers are adults over 30. I suspect few children are growing up as competent speakers, but I am not sure.",bib1988,yes +10329-speakers-1,10329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most speakers are adults over 30. I suspect few children are growing up as competent speakers, but I am not sure.",bib1988,yes 10329-speakers-2,10329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""259""}",,,bib233,no -10329-LEI-1,10329,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1976,yes -10329-transmission-1,10329,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1976,yes -10329-vitality-1,10329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1976,yes +10329-LEI-1,10329,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1988,yes +10329-transmission-1,10329,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1988,yes +10329-vitality-1,10329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1988,yes 10330-location-1,10330,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Ramu River west of Astrolabe Bay."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.405093, 145.175755]]}",,,bib67,no -10330-speaker_number-1,10330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most speakers are adults. Children who grow up in the village instead of going to school sometimes become fluent speakers, but Tok Pisin is more common even in villages than Aisi, so this may change soon.",bib1976,yes -10330-speakers-1,10330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most speakers are adults. Children who grow up in the village instead of going to school sometimes become fluent speakers, but Tok Pisin is more common even in villages than Aisi, so this may change soon.",bib1976,yes +10330-speaker_number-1,10330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most speakers are adults. Children who grow up in the village instead of going to school sometimes become fluent speakers, but Tok Pisin is more common even in villages than Aisi, so this may change soon.",bib1988,yes +10330-speakers-1,10330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most speakers are adults. Children who grow up in the village instead of going to school sometimes become fluent speakers, but Tok Pisin is more common even in villages than Aisi, so this may change soon.",bib1988,yes 10330-speakers-2,10330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""355""}",,,bib233,no 10330-speaker_number-3,10330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 10330-speakers-3,10330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -10330-LEI-1,10330,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1976,yes -10330-transmission-1,10330,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1976,yes -10330-vitality-1,10330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1976,yes +10330-LEI-1,10330,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1988,yes +10330-transmission-1,10330,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1988,yes +10330-vitality-1,10330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1988,yes 10330-LEI-2,10330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 10330-vitality-2,10330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 10349-context-1,10349,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Pijin [pis], Vaeakau-Taumako [piv]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10349-context-2,10349,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English and Pijin in church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin, Vaeakau-Taumako"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most know some Pijin at least""}",,"At present, many of the male Äiwoo speakers, middle-aged or above, with whom we have worked claim to have some knowledge of the Vaeakau-Taumako language... we have observed interactions where both languages appear to be used, with frequent code-switching on both sides. Pijin is also used, but we do not know what determines the choice of language in such situations... Village level meetings and gatherings are held mainly in Äiwoo.",bib3641,yes +10349-context-2,10349,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English and Pijin in church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin, Vaeakau-Taumako"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most know some Pijin at least""}",,"At present, many of the male Äiwoo speakers, middle-aged or above, with whom we have worked claim to have some knowledge of the Vaeakau-Taumako language... we have observed interactions where both languages appear to be used, with frequent code-switching on both sides. Pijin is also used, but we do not know what determines the choice of language in such situations... Village level meetings and gatherings are held mainly in Äiwoo.",bib3660,yes 10349-location-1,10349,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""\""Temotu Province, Santa Cruz Islands, primarily the Reef islands: Lomlom Fenualoa, Nibanga Nede, and Nibanga Temaa. Many villages scattered along the north coast of Santa Cruz, and Honiara.'""}",,,bib69,no -10349-location-2,10349,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Primarily spoken in Fenua Loa and Lomlom; there are also communities of \u00c4iwoo speakers in settlements in the northeastern and eastern parts of Santa Cruz."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.43895, -171.205463], [-10.303377, 166.306967]]}",,,bib3641,yes +10349-location-2,10349,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Primarily spoken in Fenua Loa and Lomlom; there are also communities of \u00c4iwoo speakers in settlements in the northeastern and eastern parts of Santa Cruz."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.43895, -171.205463], [-10.303377, 166.306967]]}",,,bib3660,yes 10349-speaker_number-1,10349,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10349-speakers-1,10349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10349-speaker_number-2,10349,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib3641,yes -10349-speakers-2,10349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,926"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib3641,yes +10349-speaker_number-2,10349,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib3660,yes +10349-speakers-2,10349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,926"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib3660,yes 10349-LEI-1,10349,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10349-vitality-1,10349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10349-LEI-2,10349,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3641,yes -10349-transmission-2,10349,transmission,0,transmission-0,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3641,yes -10349-domains_of_use-2,10349,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3641,yes -10349-speaker_number_trends-2,10349,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3641,yes -10349-vitality-2,10349,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3641,yes +10349-LEI-2,10349,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3660,yes +10349-transmission-2,10349,transmission,0,transmission-0,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3660,yes +10349-domains_of_use-2,10349,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3660,yes +10349-speaker_number_trends-2,10349,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3660,yes +10349-vitality-2,10349,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[Äiwoo] is the home language for nearly all households in the main Reef Islands... [it] is reportedly expanding at the expense of other local languages, and as such it appears to be in no immediate danger of extinction.",bib3660,yes 10369-context-1,10369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""\u00c4iwoo [nfl], Pijin [pis]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10369-context-2,10369,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, church, media, with speakers of other languages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin""}",,"Firstly, schooling takes place entirely in Pijin and English... Secondly, church service and worship, an important feature of daily life on the islands, is carried out in a mixture of English, Pijin, and Vaeakau-Taumako, with the former clearly dominant... The national media are all in English or Pijin.",bib3655,yes +10369-context-2,10369,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, church, media, with speakers of other languages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin""}",,"Firstly, schooling takes place entirely in Pijin and English... Secondly, church service and worship, an important feature of daily life on the islands, is carried out in a mixture of English, Pijin, and Vaeakau-Taumako, with the former clearly dominant... The national media are all in English or Pijin.",bib3674,yes 10369-location-1,10369,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Temotu Province, widespread throughout Duff and Reef islands, including on Matema, Taumako, Nupani, Nukapu, Pileni, and Nifiloli.""}",,,bib69,no -10369-location-2,10369,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Reef and Duff Islands in Temotu Province... the Vaeakau-Taumako language is spoken on these small and marginal western islands... only Nifiloli, the largest of the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands in the Reefs, is numbered among the Main Reef Islands. In addition to Nifiloli, there are Vaeakau-Taumako speakers living more or less permanently on Pileni, Makalumu, Matema, Nukapu, Nupani, and the active volcano Tinakula... Only three of the Duff Islands - Haiava, Taumako, and the artificial islet Tahua - are currently inhabited... In addition to the speakers living in the Reefs and Duffs, there are several settlements of Vaeakau-Taumako speakers on Santa Cruz Island, and in the White River area on the outskirts of the national capital Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.18746, 166.300435], [-10.173293, 166.24736], [-9.875764, 167.178998], [-10.168731, 166.200271]]}",,,bib3655,yes +10369-location-2,10369,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Reef and Duff Islands in Temotu Province... the Vaeakau-Taumako language is spoken on these small and marginal western islands... only Nifiloli, the largest of the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands in the Reefs, is numbered among the Main Reef Islands. In addition to Nifiloli, there are Vaeakau-Taumako speakers living more or less permanently on Pileni, Makalumu, Matema, Nukapu, Nupani, and the active volcano Tinakula... Only three of the Duff Islands - Haiava, Taumako, and the artificial islet Tahua - are currently inhabited... In addition to the speakers living in the Reefs and Duffs, there are several settlements of Vaeakau-Taumako speakers on Santa Cruz Island, and in the White River area on the outskirts of the national capital Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.18746, 166.300435], [-10.173293, 166.24736], [-9.875764, 167.178998], [-10.168731, 166.200271]]}",,,bib3674,yes 10369-speaker_number-1,10369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10369-speakers-1,10369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,660"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10369-speaker_number-2,10369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There is a lot of mobility between the islands in each group, and so it is difficult to pinpoint the number of speakers on each island, but at the time of writing there were approximately 200 people living on Nifiloli, 120 on Pileni, 70 on Nukapu, 60 on Nupani, 50 on Matema, 20 on Tinakula, and 10 on Makalumu... Surveys give the number of inhabitants in the Duffs around 4-500 but our personal experience suggests that this number is too low - the actual number may be as high as 800.... The 1999 census reported a total of 1,662 people giving either ""Pileni"" or ""Taumako"" as their first language (1142 for Pileni, 520 for Taumako).",bib3655,yes -10369-speakers-2,10369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,662"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There is a lot of mobility between the islands in each group, and so it is difficult to pinpoint the number of speakers on each island, but at the time of writing there were approximately 200 people living on Nifiloli, 120 on Pileni, 70 on Nukapu, 60 on Nupani, 50 on Matema, 20 on Tinakula, and 10 on Makalumu... Surveys give the number of inhabitants in the Duffs around 4-500 but our personal experience suggests that this number is too low - the actual number may be as high as 800.... The 1999 census reported a total of 1,662 people giving either ""Pileni"" or ""Taumako"" as their first language (1142 for Pileni, 520 for Taumako).",bib3655,yes +10369-speaker_number-2,10369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There is a lot of mobility between the islands in each group, and so it is difficult to pinpoint the number of speakers on each island, but at the time of writing there were approximately 200 people living on Nifiloli, 120 on Pileni, 70 on Nukapu, 60 on Nupani, 50 on Matema, 20 on Tinakula, and 10 on Makalumu... Surveys give the number of inhabitants in the Duffs around 4-500 but our personal experience suggests that this number is too low - the actual number may be as high as 800.... The 1999 census reported a total of 1,662 people giving either ""Pileni"" or ""Taumako"" as their first language (1142 for Pileni, 520 for Taumako).",bib3674,yes +10369-speakers-2,10369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,662"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There is a lot of mobility between the islands in each group, and so it is difficult to pinpoint the number of speakers on each island, but at the time of writing there were approximately 200 people living on Nifiloli, 120 on Pileni, 70 on Nukapu, 60 on Nupani, 50 on Matema, 20 on Tinakula, and 10 on Makalumu... Surveys give the number of inhabitants in the Duffs around 4-500 but our personal experience suggests that this number is too low - the actual number may be as high as 800.... The 1999 census reported a total of 1,662 people giving either ""Pileni"" or ""Taumako"" as their first language (1142 for Pileni, 520 for Taumako).",bib3674,yes 10369-LEI-1,10369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10369-vitality-1,10369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10369-LEI-2,10369,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3655,yes -10369-transmission-2,10369,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3655,yes -10369-domains_of_use-2,10369,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3655,yes -10369-speaker_number_trends-2,10369,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3655,yes -10369-vitality-2,10369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3655,yes +10369-LEI-2,10369,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3674,yes +10369-transmission-2,10369,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3674,yes +10369-domains_of_use-2,10369,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3674,yes +10369-speaker_number_trends-2,10369,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3674,yes +10369-vitality-2,10369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although a very small language in terms of number of speakers, Vaeakau-Tamako is not likely to have ever had more, and is not immediately endangered in the strict sense of the term. It is still learned by children, and is the main language in most homes and in everyday life on all the Vaeakau-Taumako-speaking islands... there are, however, a number of domains in which Vaeakau-Taumako is losing ground to other languages, primarily English and the national lingua franca Solomon Islands Pijin.",bib3674,yes 10374-location-1,10374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Little Nicobar Island and Great Nicobar Island""}",,,bib68,yes -10374-location-2,10374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3134, 93.6968], [6.85, 93.8726]]}",,,bib5307,no +10374-location-2,10374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3134, 93.6968], [6.85, 93.8726]]}",,,bib5330,no 10374-speaker_number-1,10374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"350 speakers on Little Nicobar Island, 7,170 on Great Nicobar Island",bib68,yes 10374-speakers-1,10374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"350 speakers on Little Nicobar Island, 7,170 on Great Nicobar Island",bib68,yes -10374-speaker_number-2,10374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Exact number of speakers for the Nicobar languages is difficult to determine since census figures usually indicate speakers on a specific island, not all of whom speak local languages.",bib5307,no -10374-speakers-2,10374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991-2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Exact number of speakers for the Nicobar languages is difficult to determine since census figures usually indicate speakers on a specific island, not all of whom speak local languages.",bib5307,no +10374-speaker_number-2,10374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Exact number of speakers for the Nicobar languages is difficult to determine since census figures usually indicate speakers on a specific island, not all of whom speak local languages.",bib5330,no +10374-speakers-2,10374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991-2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Exact number of speakers for the Nicobar languages is difficult to determine since census figures usually indicate speakers on a specific island, not all of whom speak local languages.",bib5330,no 10374-LEI-1,10374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 10374-vitality-1,10374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -10374-LEI-2,10374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10374-vitality-2,10374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -10377-context-1,10377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,"Hara and Heinrich (2015)'s chapter in the Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages discusses The Society for Okinawan Dialect Revitalization, est. 2000, which established an Uchinaaguchi kana orthography, published teaching materials, has conducted training for prospective Uchinaaguchi teachers, and has established a quarterly newspaper written only in Uchinaaguchi. Uchinaaguchi is taught as part of club activities in many elementary and high schools in Okinawa.",bib5531,yes -10377-context-2,10377,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2270,no -10377-location-1,10377,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131], [28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131], [28.3672, 129.4958], [28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131]]}",,,bib5307,no +10374-LEI-2,10374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10374-vitality-2,10374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +10377-context-1,10377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,"Hara and Heinrich (2015)'s chapter in the Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages discusses The Society for Okinawan Dialect Revitalization, est. 2000, which established an Uchinaaguchi kana orthography, published teaching materials, has conducted training for prospective Uchinaaguchi teachers, and has established a quarterly newspaper written only in Uchinaaguchi. Uchinaaguchi is taught as part of club activities in many elementary and high schools in Okinawa.",bib5555,yes +10377-context-2,10377,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2283,no +10377-location-1,10377,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131], [28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131], [28.3672, 129.4958], [28.3672, 129.4958], [26.7186, 128.2131]]}",,,bib5330,no 10377-location-2,10377,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.31, 129.982], [27.3738, 128.619], [28.1955, 129.285], [27.7736, 128.961], [27.0407, 128.428]]}",,Note that the coordinates of Okinawa have been removed from this source as it does not reflect Pellard (2015)'s classification.,bib75,no -10377-location-3,10377,location,"{""Description"": ""The Amami Islands are located between Kyushu and the Okinawa Islands in the southwest of Japan. The Amami Islands include Amami \u014cshima, Kikai, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron. These islands stretch over a distance of 200 kilometres from north to south. The southern part of Amami \u014cshima can be divided into Kakeroma, Yoro, and Uke. Each island in the Amami Archipelago has its own dialects.""}",,,bib5531,yes -10377-location-4,10377,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Okinawa; Kikai island; Toku-no-shima Island; Yoron Island""}",,,bib2270,no +10377-location-3,10377,location,"{""Description"": ""The Amami Islands are located between Kyushu and the Okinawa Islands in the southwest of Japan. The Amami Islands include Amami \u014cshima, Kikai, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron. These islands stretch over a distance of 200 kilometres from north to south. The southern part of Amami \u014cshima can be divided into Kakeroma, Yoro, and Uke. Each island in the Amami Archipelago has its own dialects.""}",,,bib5555,yes +10377-location-4,10377,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Okinawa; Kikai island; Toku-no-shima Island; Yoron Island""}",,,bib2283,no 10377-speaker_number-1,10377,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There are about 14,000 people living in Okinoerabu Island, but the number of local language speakers is decreasing rapidly. Based on our fieldwork experience, we can say that people in their late 50s are fluent in the Okinoerabu language. Middle-aged people between 40 to 50 are usually passive bilinguals (see Anderson, this volume). People under 30 years of age are monolingual in Japanese. Considering the ratio of people older than 55 years, the number of speakers is assessed to be around 6,500 people, or of 45% of the total population."" -Note that Van der Lubbe & Tokunaga (2015) consider Okinoerabu to be a distinct language.",bib7537,no +Note that Van der Lubbe & Tokunaga (2015) consider Okinoerabu to be a distinct language.",bib7562,no 10377-speakers-1,10377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There are about 14,000 people living in Okinoerabu Island, but the number of local language speakers is decreasing rapidly. Based on our fieldwork experience, we can say that people in their late 50s are fluent in the Okinoerabu language. Middle-aged people between 40 to 50 are usually passive bilinguals (see Anderson, this volume). People under 30 years of age are monolingual in Japanese. Considering the ratio of people older than 55 years, the number of speakers is assessed to be around 6,500 people, or of 45% of the total population."" -Note that Van der Lubbe & Tokunaga (2015) consider Okinoerabu to be a distinct language.",bib7537,no -10377-speaker_number-2,10377,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"From Niinaga's fieldwork experience, adults over 65 in the Amami islands could speak the local Amami dialect fairly well. The estimate of 37,000 speakers of Amami comes from multiplying the population of the Amami islands as of 2010, which was 130,000 people, by the ratio of residents over 65, 29%.",bib5531,yes -10377-speakers-2,10377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~37,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"From Niinaga's fieldwork experience, adults over 65 in the Amami islands could speak the local Amami dialect fairly well. The estimate of 37,000 speakers of Amami comes from multiplying the population of the Amami islands as of 2010, which was 130,000 people, by the ratio of residents over 65, 29%.",bib5531,yes +Note that Van der Lubbe & Tokunaga (2015) consider Okinoerabu to be a distinct language.",bib7562,no +10377-speaker_number-2,10377,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"From Niinaga's fieldwork experience, adults over 65 in the Amami islands could speak the local Amami dialect fairly well. The estimate of 37,000 speakers of Amami comes from multiplying the population of the Amami islands as of 2010, which was 130,000 people, by the ratio of residents over 65, 29%.",bib5555,yes +10377-speakers-2,10377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~37,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"From Niinaga's fieldwork experience, adults over 65 in the Amami islands could speak the local Amami dialect fairly well. The estimate of 37,000 speakers of Amami comes from multiplying the population of the Amami islands as of 2010, which was 130,000 people, by the ratio of residents over 65, 29%.",bib5555,yes 10377-speaker_number-3,10377,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000. Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Amami-North Okinawan and Japanese. -Please note that this estimate is given for all Amami and North Okinawan speakers, not only Amami speakers.",bib2270,no +Please note that this estimate is given for all Amami and North Okinawan speakers, not only Amami speakers.",bib2283,no 10377-speakers-3,10377,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000. Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Amami-North Okinawan and Japanese. -Please note that this estimate is given for all Amami and North Okinawan speakers, not only Amami speakers.",bib2270,no -10377-LEI-1,10377,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Classified as ""definitely endangered"" by UNESCO",bib7537,no -10377-vitality-1,10377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Classified as ""definitely endangered"" by UNESCO",bib7537,no +Please note that this estimate is given for all Amami and North Okinawan speakers, not only Amami speakers.",bib2283,no +10377-LEI-1,10377,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Classified as ""definitely endangered"" by UNESCO",bib7562,no +10377-vitality-1,10377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Classified as ""definitely endangered"" by UNESCO",bib7562,no 10377-LEI-2,10377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All dialects in the Amami Islands are endangered today. In other words, the younger generation does not speak these dialects. Depending on the situation, they speak a local variety of Japanese or Standard Japanese instead. -Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5531,yes +Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5555,yes 10377-transmission-2,10377,transmission,4,transmission-4,"All dialects in the Amami Islands are endangered today. In other words, the younger generation does not speak these dialects. Depending on the situation, they speak a local variety of Japanese or Standard Japanese instead. -Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5531,yes +Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5555,yes 10377-domains_of_use-2,10377,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"All dialects in the Amami Islands are endangered today. In other words, the younger generation does not speak these dialects. Depending on the situation, they speak a local variety of Japanese or Standard Japanese instead. -Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5531,yes +Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5555,yes 10377-speaker_number_trends-2,10377,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"All dialects in the Amami Islands are endangered today. In other words, the younger generation does not speak these dialects. Depending on the situation, they speak a local variety of Japanese or Standard Japanese instead. -Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5531,yes +Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5555,yes 10377-vitality-2,10377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All dialects in the Amami Islands are endangered today. In other words, the younger generation does not speak these dialects. Depending on the situation, they speak a local variety of Japanese or Standard Japanese instead. -Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5531,yes -10377-LEI-3,10377,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -10377-transmission-3,10377,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -10377-domains_of_use-3,10377,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -10377-speaker_number_trends-3,10377,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -10377-vitality-3,10377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -10378-context-1,10378,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral or positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Speakers generally neutral or positive about the language, though many consider it to be ""just a dialect"". All speakers are bilingual in Hachijo and Japanese.",bib2270,yes -10378-location-1,10378,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""spoken on Hachijo-jima and Aogashima, approximately 300 km south of Toyko."", ""Coordinates"": [[33.063, 139.472], [32.274, 139.459]]}",,,bib2270,yes -10378-speaker_number-1,10378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2270,yes -10378-speakers-1,10378,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2270,yes -10378-LEI-1,10378,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2270,yes -10378-transmission-1,10378,transmission,3,transmission-3,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2270,yes -10378-domains_of_use-1,10378,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2270,yes -10378-speaker_number_trends-1,10378,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2270,yes -10378-vitality-1,10378,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2270,yes +Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has more political, economical, and cultural power. If such imbalance of power continues, it will continue to be difficult, and unlikely, for younger people to choose to speak these dialects, which are not their first language.",bib5555,yes +10377-LEI-3,10377,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +10377-transmission-3,10377,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +10377-domains_of_use-3,10377,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +10377-speaker_number_trends-3,10377,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +10377-vitality-3,10377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Amami-North Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Amami-North Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +10378-context-1,10378,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral or positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Speakers generally neutral or positive about the language, though many consider it to be ""just a dialect"". All speakers are bilingual in Hachijo and Japanese.",bib2283,yes +10378-location-1,10378,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""spoken on Hachijo-jima and Aogashima, approximately 300 km south of Toyko."", ""Coordinates"": [[33.063, 139.472], [32.274, 139.459]]}",,,bib2283,yes +10378-speaker_number-1,10378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2283,yes +10378-speakers-1,10378,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2283,yes +10378-LEI-1,10378,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2283,yes +10378-transmission-1,10378,transmission,3,transmission-3,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2283,yes +10378-domains_of_use-1,10378,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2283,yes +10378-speaker_number_trends-1,10378,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2283,yes +10378-vitality-1,10378,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,It's unknown if children are learning it. Most native speakers are middle age and older speakers.,bib2283,yes 1041-location-1,1041,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.3333333333, -124.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1041-location-2,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Northwest California""}",,,bib67,no -1041-location-3,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.0607, -124.1413]]}",,,bib5307,no -1041-location-4,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Yurok is the traditional language of the Yurok Tribe of northwestern California and of three nearby independent rancherias of Yurok heritage, Reseghini, Big Lagoon, and Trinidad (Cher-Ae).""}",,,bib5217,no -1041-location-5,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.0607, -124.1413]]}",,,bib1709,no +1041-location-3,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.0607, -124.1413]]}",,,bib5330,no +1041-location-4,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Yurok is the traditional language of the Yurok Tribe of northwestern California and of three nearby independent rancherias of Yurok heritage, Reseghini, Big Lagoon, and Trinidad (Cher-Ae).""}",,,bib5240,no +1041-location-5,1041,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.0607, -124.1413]]}",,,bib1721,no 1041-speaker_number-1,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"US Census (2000) lists 279 who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 3,000 to 4,500 possibly (SIL 1982). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1041-speakers-1,1041,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000-4500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"US Census (2000) lists 279 who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 3,000 to 4,500 possibly (SIL 1982). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1041-speaker_number-2,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1041-speakers-2,1041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1041-speaker_number-3,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Only a dozen or fewer elderly people have full first-language fluency in a combined tribal enrollment of well over 4,000, although there are perhaps three times as many semi-speakers and passive speakers, all middle aged or older",bib5217,no -1041-speakers-3,1041,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Only a dozen or fewer elderly people have full first-language fluency in a combined tribal enrollment of well over 4,000, although there are perhaps three times as many semi-speakers and passive speakers, all middle aged or older",bib5217,no -1041-speakers-4,1041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Achie Thompson, the oldest living member of California's Yurok tribe and the last known active speaker raised in the tribal language, has died. He was 93.",bib6364,yes +1041-speaker_number-2,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1041-speakers-2,1041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1041-speaker_number-3,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Only a dozen or fewer elderly people have full first-language fluency in a combined tribal enrollment of well over 4,000, although there are perhaps three times as many semi-speakers and passive speakers, all middle aged or older",bib5240,no +1041-speakers-3,1041,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Only a dozen or fewer elderly people have full first-language fluency in a combined tribal enrollment of well over 4,000, although there are perhaps three times as many semi-speakers and passive speakers, all middle aged or older",bib5240,no +1041-speakers-4,1041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Achie Thompson, the oldest living member of California's Yurok tribe and the last known active speaker raised in the tribal language, has died. He was 93.",bib6388,yes 1041-speaker_number-5,1041,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1041-speakers-5,1041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1041-LEI-1,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1041-vitality-1,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1041-LEI-2,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1041-vitality-2,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1041-LEI-3,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1041-vitality-3,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -1041-LEI-4,1041,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6364,yes -1041-vitality-4,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6364,yes +1041-LEI-2,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1041-vitality-2,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1041-LEI-3,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1041-vitality-3,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +1041-LEI-4,1041,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6388,yes +1041-vitality-4,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6388,yes 1041-LEI-5,1041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1041-vitality-5,1041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 10413-context-1,10413,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except home and rituals""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; English; Nyamwezi; Fipa; Ha;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Bende people have relatively negative attitude towards their language, since any people evaluate themselves more negatively than other neighboring ethnic groups."", ""Institutional Support"": ""\""SIL-International Katavi branch has launched the Bende project since 2011.\"""", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Swahili""}",,"Bende as many other Tanzanian Bantu is highly threatened by the National language, Swahili. Moreover, Bende is used exclusively by Bende people, while other neighboring languages like Nyamwezi, Fipa and Ha are also used (although not so much) as a common language by non-native speakers. It means Bende has the lower status in their indigenous area. Not popular in larger cities at all.",bib276,yes @@ -541,101 +541,101 @@ Every dialect in the Amami Islands is endangered because Standard Japanese has m 10413-domains_of_use-1,10413,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib276,yes 10413-speaker_number_trends-1,10413,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib276,yes 10413-vitality-1,10413,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib276,yes -10414-location-1,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, mostly Lakhimpur, Sonitpur and Dhemaji districts; some speakers also live across the border in Arunachal Pradesh."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.9612, 94.0539]]}",,,bib5307,no -10414-location-2,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the hilly area of central Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib4510,yes -10414-location-3,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken just east of the Apatani Area""}",,,bib7525,no -10414-speaker_number-1,10414,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -10414-speakers-1,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000 (fieldwork estimate)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -10414-speaker_number-2,10414,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4510,yes -10414-speakers-2,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4510,yes -10414-speaker_number-3,10414,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -10414-speakers-3,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no -10414-LEI-1,10414,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10414-vitality-1,10414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -10414-LEI-2,10414,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4510,yes -10414-transmission-2,10414,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4510,yes -10414-vitality-2,10414,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4510,yes -10414-LEI-3,10414,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -10414-vitality-3,10414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -10415-context-1,10415,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib707,yes +10414-location-1,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, mostly Lakhimpur, Sonitpur and Dhemaji districts; some speakers also live across the border in Arunachal Pradesh."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.9612, 94.0539]]}",,,bib5330,no +10414-location-2,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the hilly area of central Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib4531,yes +10414-location-3,10414,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken just east of the Apatani Area""}",,,bib7550,no +10414-speaker_number-1,10414,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +10414-speakers-1,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000 (fieldwork estimate)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +10414-speaker_number-2,10414,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4531,yes +10414-speakers-2,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4531,yes +10414-speaker_number-3,10414,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +10414-speakers-3,10414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no +10414-LEI-1,10414,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10414-vitality-1,10414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +10414-LEI-2,10414,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4531,yes +10414-transmission-2,10414,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4531,yes +10414-vitality-2,10414,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Hill Miri [mrg] is widely spoken by all but the school-age generation of children, who appear to have abandoned the language in at least some villages.",bib4531,yes +10414-LEI-3,10414,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +10414-vitality-3,10414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +10415-context-1,10415,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib711,yes 10415-context-2,10415,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib67,no -10415-location-1,10415,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Jejara is spoken in 7 villages in the Layshi township.""}",,,bib707,yes -10415-location-2,10415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.21, 95.16]]}",,,bib3264,no +10415-location-1,10415,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Jejara is spoken in 7 villages in the Layshi township.""}",,,bib711,yes +10415-location-2,10415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.21, 95.16]]}",,,bib3280,no 10415-location-3,10415,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Myanmar, Sagaing Division, Khamti District, Layshi Township and Homalin Township""}",,,bib67,no -10415-speaker_number-1,10415,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib707,yes -10415-speakers-1,10415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib707,yes +10415-speaker_number-1,10415,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib711,yes +10415-speakers-1,10415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib711,yes 10415-speaker_number-2,10415,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 10415-speakers-2,10415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -10415-LEI-1,10415,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib707,yes -10415-transmission-1,10415,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib707,yes -10415-domains_of_use-1,10415,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib707,yes -10415-vitality-1,10415,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib707,yes +10415-LEI-1,10415,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib711,yes +10415-transmission-1,10415,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib711,yes +10415-domains_of_use-1,10415,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib711,yes +10415-vitality-1,10415,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Jejaras use their mother tongue almost exclusively, the exceptions being at school, in the district center, and during Bible reading.",bib711,yes 10415-LEI-2,10415,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Home, village, market. All ages.",bib67,no 10415-transmission-2,10415,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Home, village, market. All ages.",bib67,no 10415-domains_of_use-2,10415,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Home, village, market. All ages.",bib67,no 10415-vitality-2,10415,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Home, village, market. All ages.",bib67,no -10417-context-1,10417,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Louisiana Creole has long occupied the lowest position on the hierarchy of prestige among language varieties in Louisiana: it was traditionally stigmatized in relation to Louisiana Regional French, which in turn was considered to be deficient or corrupted in relation to Standard French, though such attitudes are changing as these varieties take on growing importance as symbols of Louisiana's distinct francophone heritage.""}",,"Most [speakers] are elderly, and nearly all are also fluent in English.",bib4234,yes -10417-context-2,10417,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French, Cajun French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a history of discrimination against Creole speakers and many are hesitant to identify themselves as Creole users."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community speaks English""}",,,bib4235,no -10417-location-1,10417,location,"{""Places"": [""United States""], ""Description"": ""Louisiana""}",,,bib4234,yes -10417-location-2,10417,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana""], ""Description"": ""St. James Parish, St. John the Baptist Parish, Pointe Coupee Parish, St Martin Parish, Lafayette Parish, and St. Landry Parish Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.652, -91.422], [30.01, -90.795], [30.587, -92.076]]}",,,bib4235,no -10417-speaker_number-1,10417,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4234,yes -10417-speakers-1,10417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4234,yes -10417-speaker_number-2,10417,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Census figures that put the number of Louisiana Creole French at just over 6,000 are severely inaccurate. Many speakers of Creole identify themselves as simply French speakers on the census. There has also been a history of discrimination against speakers of Creole, and many are hesitant to identify themselves as speakers of Creole.",bib4235,no -10417-speakers-2,10417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Census figures that put the number of Louisiana Creole French at just over 6,000 are severely inaccurate. Many speakers of Creole identify themselves as simply French speakers on the census. There has also been a history of discrimination against speakers of Creole, and many are hesitant to identify themselves as speakers of Creole.",bib4235,no -10417-LEI-1,10417,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4234,yes -10417-transmission-1,10417,transmission,4,transmission-4,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4234,yes -10417-speaker_number_trends-1,10417,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4234,yes -10417-vitality-1,10417,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4234,yes -10417-LEI-2,10417,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4235,no -10417-transmission-2,10417,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4235,no -10417-domains_of_use-2,10417,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4235,no -10417-speaker_number_trends-2,10417,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4235,no -10417-vitality-2,10417,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4235,no -10421-context-1,10421,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""in public domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali and Gurung"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all are multiligual in Nepali and Gurung""}",,"The documentation project is funded by the National Science Foundation. Universities participating include Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Tribhuvan University (Kathmandu, Nepal), University of Surrey (United Kingdom), and the University of Virginia.",bib3525,yes -10421-location-1,10421,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the lower Manang District of Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.59, 84.22]]}",,,bib5873,no -10421-location-2,10421,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Manang District""], ""Description"": ""concentrated in three villages: Bagarchhap-Danakyu, Thonce, and Chame"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.59, 84.22]]}",,,bib3525,yes -10421-speaker_number-1,10421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5873,no -10421-speakers-1,10421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5873,no -10421-speaker_number-2,10421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers are speculative and based on interviews with residents conducted in 2012,bib3525,yes -10421-speakers-2,10421,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~200"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Young Adults"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012-2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Unknown but interviews suggest many children are semi-speakers"", ""Elders"": ""~100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""N/A""}",,Numbers are speculative and based on interviews with residents conducted in 2012,bib3525,yes -10421-LEI-1,10421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no -10421-vitality-1,10421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no -10421-LEI-2,10421,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3525,yes -10421-transmission-2,10421,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3525,yes -10421-domains_of_use-2,10421,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3525,yes -10421-speaker_number_trends-2,10421,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3525,yes -10421-vitality-2,10421,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3525,yes -10423-location-1,10423,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""Turkey"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Romania"", ""Russia"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Lithuania""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the Crimea, but most speakers were deported from there mainly to Central Asia after the Second World War. There are also Crimean Tatar speakers in the southern parts of the Dobruja region in northeastern Bulgaria and adjacent Romania. Crimean Tatar was spoken across the central parts of the Crimea, while speakers of Nogay in the northern steppe area and those of Crimean Turkish in the southern coastal region have been officially subsumed under the Crimean Tatar."", ""Coordinates"": [[45.393467, 34.268737], [46.643574, 32.605978], [45.068652, 38.979133], [41.399761, 69.933785]]}",,,bib6474,yes -10423-speaker_number-1,10423,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Comrie writes in the Atlas of the world’s languages (1994) that ‘Maria S. Polinsky advises me that the number of solid first language speakers of Crimean Tatar may not exceed 100,000’.",bib6474,yes -10423-speakers-1,10423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Comrie writes in the Atlas of the world’s languages (1994) that ‘Maria S. Polinsky advises me that the number of solid first language speakers of Crimean Tatar may not exceed 100,000’.",bib6474,yes -10423-LEI-1,10423,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -10423-transmission-1,10423,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -10423-vitality-1,10423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -10424-context-1,10424,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Pohnpeian (education, trade, and religion), English (education, government, trade)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pohnpeian, English, Ngatik Men's Creole"", ""Government Support"": ""Local/municipal government only"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive, some neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most adults speak Pohnpeian and English; young children tend to be monolingual""}",,The language is used by everyone on Sapwuahfik and in local government. There is no official support of the language by the state and national governments. Speakers of Ngatikese on Pohnpei often speak Pohnpeian and slightly less frequently English when interacting with non-Ngatikese. There are little to no written materials in Ngatikese and education on Ngatik is conducted in Ngatikese for young children and English for the older children (up to 8th grade). All children must attend high school on Pohnpei where it is conducted officially in English but often unofficially in Pohnpeian. A few older men speak Ngatik Men's Creole.,bib6235,yes -10424-location-1,10424,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Sapwuahfik atoll, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia; Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia; Guam (few speakers), Hawai`I (few speakers)"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.789276, 157.159653]]}",,"On Pohnpei where there is a significant Ngatikese community, Ngatikese is only used among other Ngatikese. Most daily interactions on Pohnpei are done in Pohnpeian.",bib6235,yes -10424-speaker_number-1,10424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Roughly 450 speakers on Sapwuahfik, around 200 on Pohnpei, and some elsewhere (e.g. USA)",bib6235,yes -10424-speakers-1,10424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Roughly 450 speakers on Sapwuahfik, around 200 on Pohnpei, and some elsewhere (e.g. USA)",bib6235,yes -10424-LEI-1,10424,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6235,yes -10424-transmission-1,10424,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6235,yes -10424-domains_of_use-1,10424,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6235,yes -10424-speaker_number_trends-1,10424,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6235,yes -10424-vitality-1,10424,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6235,yes -10425-context-1,10425,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dutch in economic, political, and religious life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language of province of Friesland"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""General attitudes towards Frisian have become more positive."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fryske Akademy, Af\u00fbk (Algemiene Fryske \u00dbnderrjocht Kommisje)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The provincial government and the councils of several municipalities have started a language policy that – in principle - gives Frisian equal rights to Dutch. In the last decades the name of the province (Fryslân) and many local place names have officially been converted to Frisian... Its spelling has been standardised and Frisian is used in several domains of Frisian society, thereby breaking through the dominance of Dutch. Apart from domains such as the judiciary, public administration, radio and television, the Frisian language can also be used within the province for education. However, Dutch continues to dominate in economic, political and religious life... Since 1980 Frisian has been taught in all primary schools, both public and private. In many of these schools, Frisian is also used to varying degrees as a teaching medium, alongside Dutch. There is no provision for primary education entirely through Frisian, although some preschool groups are conducted exclusively in Frisian.",bib8138,no -10425-context-3,10425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch, English, Stadsfries, Bildts, Stellingwerfs"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language in Friesland"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fryske Akademy, Af\u00fbk (Algemiene Fryske \u00dbnderrjocht Kommisje), OmropFrysl\u00e2n (provincial television broadcast), Taalsintrum Frysk (provincial department of CEDIN), Tresoar (Centre for Frisian history and literature), SFBO (Stifting Frysktalige Berne-Opfang;""}",,"Frisian is covered in the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages, signed by the Netherlands in 1992, entered into force in 1998. Articles applied to Frisian are: Part II, Article 7; and Part III, Articles 8-14.",bib8193,yes -10425-location-1,10425,location,"{""Places"": [""Netherlands""], ""Description"": ""Frisian is spoken in the province of Friesland, and in a few border villages in the neighbouring province of Groningen."", ""Coordinates"": [[53.219359, 5.78621]]}",,,bib8138,no -10425-location-2,10425,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the northwestern part of the Netherlands, in the province of Frysl\u00e2n, as well as in some neighbouring villages of the province of Groningen""}",,,bib825,no -10425-location-3,10425,location,"{""Places"": [""Netherlands"", ""diaspora in the New World""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, especially in the centre and the northeast of the province. The share of Frisian speakers is a (small) minority in the towns and cities (where Dutch is dominant, next to dialects of Stadsfries), on the Frisian Isles (where Dutch and several island dialects are more prominent), and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province).""}",,,bib8193,yes -10425-speaker_number-1,10425,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The province of Friesland has about 600,000 inhabitants and about half of these can be considered first-language speakers of Frisian. A sociolinguistic study in 1994 revealed that 94% of the population of Friesland can understand the language, 74% can speak it, 65% are able to read Frisian (however, most of them read Dutch more easily) and 17% write Frisian. Frisian is spoken in 55% of the homes. Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, and a (small) minority in the towns and citites, on the Frisian Isles and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province). Practically all Frisian speakers are bilingual in Dutch.",bib8138,no -10425-speakers-1,10425,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~264,000""}",,"The province of Friesland has about 600,000 inhabitants and about half of these can be considered first-language speakers of Frisian. A sociolinguistic study in 1994 revealed that 94% of the population of Friesland can understand the language, 74% can speak it, 65% are able to read Frisian (however, most of them read Dutch more easily) and 17% write Frisian. Frisian is spoken in 55% of the homes. Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, and a (small) minority in the towns and citites, on the Frisian Isles and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province). Practically all Frisian speakers are bilingual in Dutch.",bib8138,no -10425-speaker_number-2,10425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"27% of the estimated 480,000 West Frisian speakers are new speakers (adult learners.)",bib825,no -10425-speakers-2,10425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""129,600""}",,"27% of the estimated 480,000 West Frisian speakers are new speakers (adult learners.)",bib825,no -10425-speaker_number-3,10425,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"415,000 within Friesland; 350,000 mother tongue speakers. No reliable source is available for native speakers worldwide. Good or very good Frisian language proficiency in the province of Friesland is at 85% for understanding the language, 64% for speaking, 48% for reading, and 12% for writing. 45% of the population speak Frisian with their partner, 48% speak Frisian with their children [Taalatlas 2011]. Between 1980 and 2014, the percentage of parents speaking Frisian with their children decreased from 58% to 48%. The ability to speak Frisian well or very well fell from 85% to 64% between 1967 and 2014 [Taalatlas 2011].",bib8193,yes -10425-speakers-3,10425,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""647,280"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"415,000 within Friesland; 350,000 mother tongue speakers. No reliable source is available for native speakers worldwide. Good or very good Frisian language proficiency in the province of Friesland is at 85% for understanding the language, 64% for speaking, 48% for reading, and 12% for writing. 45% of the population speak Frisian with their partner, 48% speak Frisian with their children [Taalatlas 2011]. Between 1980 and 2014, the percentage of parents speaking Frisian with their children decreased from 58% to 48%. The ability to speak Frisian well or very well fell from 85% to 64% between 1967 and 2014 [Taalatlas 2011].",bib8193,yes -10425-LEI-1,10425,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8138,no -10425-domains_of_use-1,10425,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8138,no -10425-vitality-1,10425,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8138,no -10425-LEI-2,10425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib825,no -10425-vitality-2,10425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib825,no +10417-context-1,10417,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Louisiana Creole has long occupied the lowest position on the hierarchy of prestige among language varieties in Louisiana: it was traditionally stigmatized in relation to Louisiana Regional French, which in turn was considered to be deficient or corrupted in relation to Standard French, though such attitudes are changing as these varieties take on growing importance as symbols of Louisiana's distinct francophone heritage.""}",,"Most [speakers] are elderly, and nearly all are also fluent in English.",bib4254,yes +10417-context-2,10417,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French, Cajun French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a history of discrimination against Creole speakers and many are hesitant to identify themselves as Creole users."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community speaks English""}",,,bib4255,no +10417-location-1,10417,location,"{""Places"": [""United States""], ""Description"": ""Louisiana""}",,,bib4254,yes +10417-location-2,10417,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana""], ""Description"": ""St. James Parish, St. John the Baptist Parish, Pointe Coupee Parish, St Martin Parish, Lafayette Parish, and St. Landry Parish Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.652, -91.422], [30.01, -90.795], [30.587, -92.076]]}",,,bib4255,no +10417-speaker_number-1,10417,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4254,yes +10417-speakers-1,10417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4254,yes +10417-speaker_number-2,10417,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Census figures that put the number of Louisiana Creole French at just over 6,000 are severely inaccurate. Many speakers of Creole identify themselves as simply French speakers on the census. There has also been a history of discrimination against speakers of Creole, and many are hesitant to identify themselves as speakers of Creole.",bib4255,no +10417-speakers-2,10417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Census figures that put the number of Louisiana Creole French at just over 6,000 are severely inaccurate. Many speakers of Creole identify themselves as simply French speakers on the census. There has also been a history of discrimination against speakers of Creole, and many are hesitant to identify themselves as speakers of Creole.",bib4255,no +10417-LEI-1,10417,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4254,yes +10417-transmission-1,10417,transmission,4,transmission-4,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4254,yes +10417-speaker_number_trends-1,10417,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4254,yes +10417-vitality-1,10417,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is not being passed on to children.,bib4254,yes +10417-LEI-2,10417,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4255,no +10417-transmission-2,10417,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4255,no +10417-domains_of_use-2,10417,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4255,no +10417-speaker_number_trends-2,10417,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4255,no +10417-vitality-2,10417,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Speakers under 60 years of age are rare. The community is small and fragmented and children almost never learn Creole.,bib4255,no +10421-context-1,10421,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""in public domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali and Gurung"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all are multiligual in Nepali and Gurung""}",,"The documentation project is funded by the National Science Foundation. Universities participating include Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Tribhuvan University (Kathmandu, Nepal), University of Surrey (United Kingdom), and the University of Virginia.",bib3543,yes +10421-location-1,10421,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the lower Manang District of Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.59, 84.22]]}",,,bib5897,no +10421-location-2,10421,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Manang District""], ""Description"": ""concentrated in three villages: Bagarchhap-Danakyu, Thonce, and Chame"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.59, 84.22]]}",,,bib3543,yes +10421-speaker_number-1,10421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5897,no +10421-speakers-1,10421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5897,no +10421-speaker_number-2,10421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers are speculative and based on interviews with residents conducted in 2012,bib3543,yes +10421-speakers-2,10421,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~200"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Young Adults"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012-2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Unknown but interviews suggest many children are semi-speakers"", ""Elders"": ""~100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""N/A""}",,Numbers are speculative and based on interviews with residents conducted in 2012,bib3543,yes +10421-LEI-1,10421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5897,no +10421-vitality-1,10421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5897,no +10421-LEI-2,10421,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3543,yes +10421-transmission-2,10421,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3543,yes +10421-domains_of_use-2,10421,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3543,yes +10421-speaker_number_trends-2,10421,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3543,yes +10421-vitality-2,10421,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Gyalsumdo is used restricted to three villages: Thonce, Bagarchhap-Danakyu, and Chame",bib3543,yes +10423-location-1,10423,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""Turkey"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Romania"", ""Russia"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Lithuania""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the Crimea, but most speakers were deported from there mainly to Central Asia after the Second World War. There are also Crimean Tatar speakers in the southern parts of the Dobruja region in northeastern Bulgaria and adjacent Romania. Crimean Tatar was spoken across the central parts of the Crimea, while speakers of Nogay in the northern steppe area and those of Crimean Turkish in the southern coastal region have been officially subsumed under the Crimean Tatar."", ""Coordinates"": [[45.393467, 34.268737], [46.643574, 32.605978], [45.068652, 38.979133], [41.399761, 69.933785]]}",,,bib6498,yes +10423-speaker_number-1,10423,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Comrie writes in the Atlas of the world’s languages (1994) that ‘Maria S. Polinsky advises me that the number of solid first language speakers of Crimean Tatar may not exceed 100,000’.",bib6498,yes +10423-speakers-1,10423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Comrie writes in the Atlas of the world’s languages (1994) that ‘Maria S. Polinsky advises me that the number of solid first language speakers of Crimean Tatar may not exceed 100,000’.",bib6498,yes +10423-LEI-1,10423,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +10423-transmission-1,10423,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +10423-vitality-1,10423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In some communities, children learn the language, but many stop using it in adulthood. Probably all speakers exhibit strong influence of related Turkic languages, Russian or Bulgarian, and younger people may be less competent in Crimean Tatar. Definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +10424-context-1,10424,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Pohnpeian (education, trade, and religion), English (education, government, trade)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pohnpeian, English, Ngatik Men's Creole"", ""Government Support"": ""Local/municipal government only"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive, some neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most adults speak Pohnpeian and English; young children tend to be monolingual""}",,The language is used by everyone on Sapwuahfik and in local government. There is no official support of the language by the state and national governments. Speakers of Ngatikese on Pohnpei often speak Pohnpeian and slightly less frequently English when interacting with non-Ngatikese. There are little to no written materials in Ngatikese and education on Ngatik is conducted in Ngatikese for young children and English for the older children (up to 8th grade). All children must attend high school on Pohnpei where it is conducted officially in English but often unofficially in Pohnpeian. A few older men speak Ngatik Men's Creole.,bib6259,yes +10424-location-1,10424,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Sapwuahfik atoll, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia; Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia; Guam (few speakers), Hawai`I (few speakers)"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.789276, 157.159653]]}",,"On Pohnpei where there is a significant Ngatikese community, Ngatikese is only used among other Ngatikese. Most daily interactions on Pohnpei are done in Pohnpeian.",bib6259,yes +10424-speaker_number-1,10424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Roughly 450 speakers on Sapwuahfik, around 200 on Pohnpei, and some elsewhere (e.g. USA)",bib6259,yes +10424-speakers-1,10424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Roughly 450 speakers on Sapwuahfik, around 200 on Pohnpei, and some elsewhere (e.g. USA)",bib6259,yes +10424-LEI-1,10424,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6259,yes +10424-transmission-1,10424,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6259,yes +10424-domains_of_use-1,10424,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6259,yes +10424-speaker_number_trends-1,10424,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6259,yes +10424-vitality-1,10424,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6259,yes +10425-context-1,10425,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dutch in economic, political, and religious life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language of province of Friesland"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""General attitudes towards Frisian have become more positive."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fryske Akademy, Af\u00fbk (Algemiene Fryske \u00dbnderrjocht Kommisje)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The provincial government and the councils of several municipalities have started a language policy that – in principle - gives Frisian equal rights to Dutch. In the last decades the name of the province (Fryslân) and many local place names have officially been converted to Frisian... Its spelling has been standardised and Frisian is used in several domains of Frisian society, thereby breaking through the dominance of Dutch. Apart from domains such as the judiciary, public administration, radio and television, the Frisian language can also be used within the province for education. However, Dutch continues to dominate in economic, political and religious life... Since 1980 Frisian has been taught in all primary schools, both public and private. In many of these schools, Frisian is also used to varying degrees as a teaching medium, alongside Dutch. There is no provision for primary education entirely through Frisian, although some preschool groups are conducted exclusively in Frisian.",bib8163,no +10425-context-3,10425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch, English, Stadsfries, Bildts, Stellingwerfs"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language in Friesland"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fryske Akademy, Af\u00fbk (Algemiene Fryske \u00dbnderrjocht Kommisje), OmropFrysl\u00e2n (provincial television broadcast), Taalsintrum Frysk (provincial department of CEDIN), Tresoar (Centre for Frisian history and literature), SFBO (Stifting Frysktalige Berne-Opfang;""}",,"Frisian is covered in the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages, signed by the Netherlands in 1992, entered into force in 1998. Articles applied to Frisian are: Part II, Article 7; and Part III, Articles 8-14.",bib8218,yes +10425-location-1,10425,location,"{""Places"": [""Netherlands""], ""Description"": ""Frisian is spoken in the province of Friesland, and in a few border villages in the neighbouring province of Groningen."", ""Coordinates"": [[53.219359, 5.78621]]}",,,bib8163,no +10425-location-2,10425,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the northwestern part of the Netherlands, in the province of Frysl\u00e2n, as well as in some neighbouring villages of the province of Groningen""}",,,bib829,no +10425-location-3,10425,location,"{""Places"": [""Netherlands"", ""diaspora in the New World""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, especially in the centre and the northeast of the province. The share of Frisian speakers is a (small) minority in the towns and cities (where Dutch is dominant, next to dialects of Stadsfries), on the Frisian Isles (where Dutch and several island dialects are more prominent), and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province).""}",,,bib8218,yes +10425-speaker_number-1,10425,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The province of Friesland has about 600,000 inhabitants and about half of these can be considered first-language speakers of Frisian. A sociolinguistic study in 1994 revealed that 94% of the population of Friesland can understand the language, 74% can speak it, 65% are able to read Frisian (however, most of them read Dutch more easily) and 17% write Frisian. Frisian is spoken in 55% of the homes. Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, and a (small) minority in the towns and citites, on the Frisian Isles and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province). Practically all Frisian speakers are bilingual in Dutch.",bib8163,no +10425-speakers-1,10425,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~264,000""}",,"The province of Friesland has about 600,000 inhabitants and about half of these can be considered first-language speakers of Frisian. A sociolinguistic study in 1994 revealed that 94% of the population of Friesland can understand the language, 74% can speak it, 65% are able to read Frisian (however, most of them read Dutch more easily) and 17% write Frisian. Frisian is spoken in 55% of the homes. Speakers of Frisian form a (great) majority in most rural areas, and a (small) minority in the towns and citites, on the Frisian Isles and in the Stellingwerven (two Low-Saxon municipalities in the southeastern part of the province). Practically all Frisian speakers are bilingual in Dutch.",bib8163,no +10425-speaker_number-2,10425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"27% of the estimated 480,000 West Frisian speakers are new speakers (adult learners.)",bib829,no +10425-speakers-2,10425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""129,600""}",,"27% of the estimated 480,000 West Frisian speakers are new speakers (adult learners.)",bib829,no +10425-speaker_number-3,10425,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"415,000 within Friesland; 350,000 mother tongue speakers. No reliable source is available for native speakers worldwide. Good or very good Frisian language proficiency in the province of Friesland is at 85% for understanding the language, 64% for speaking, 48% for reading, and 12% for writing. 45% of the population speak Frisian with their partner, 48% speak Frisian with their children [Taalatlas 2011]. Between 1980 and 2014, the percentage of parents speaking Frisian with their children decreased from 58% to 48%. The ability to speak Frisian well or very well fell from 85% to 64% between 1967 and 2014 [Taalatlas 2011].",bib8218,yes +10425-speakers-3,10425,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""647,280"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"415,000 within Friesland; 350,000 mother tongue speakers. No reliable source is available for native speakers worldwide. Good or very good Frisian language proficiency in the province of Friesland is at 85% for understanding the language, 64% for speaking, 48% for reading, and 12% for writing. 45% of the population speak Frisian with their partner, 48% speak Frisian with their children [Taalatlas 2011]. Between 1980 and 2014, the percentage of parents speaking Frisian with their children decreased from 58% to 48%. The ability to speak Frisian well or very well fell from 85% to 64% between 1967 and 2014 [Taalatlas 2011].",bib8218,yes +10425-LEI-1,10425,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8163,no +10425-domains_of_use-1,10425,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8163,no +10425-vitality-1,10425,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"It can be stated that the Frisian language is mainly spoken in the homes of Frisian people, in the countryside and in informal situations. In more formal surroundings, such as shops in town and government offices, many people shift to Dutch even if Frisian is their first language. In larger groups of people the presence of one Dutch speaking-person may suffice to trigger language shift of the whole group from Frisian to Dutch. Because of the fact that most Frisians (in particular the older ones) got their school education only in Dutch, many of them are not able to use the Frisian language in writing and prefer reading in Dutch... The provincial government of Friesland and a number of municipalities make frequent use of both written and spoken Frisian. The regional broadcasting company Omrop Fryslân does radio and television broadcasts.",bib8163,no +10425-LEI-2,10425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib829,no +10425-vitality-2,10425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib829,no 10425-LEI-3,10425,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Preschools are mainly in Dutch, but Frisian is allowed as well. Some 20% of the preschools are joined in the SFBO, the Association of Frisian-language Childcare. These preschools are usually bilingual Dutch and Frisian. In primary education Frisian has been a mandatory subject in all school years since 1980. Attainment targets for proficiency, vocabulary and language attitude have been prescribed by the government. However, inspections have shown that primary schools generally do not meet these targets, even after they were lowered in 2006. Official regulations do not specify how much time per week ought to be dedicated to Frisian. On average, primary schools spend some 40 minutes a week on Frisian, either by using the provincially sponsored learning method, using own materials, or by watching Frisian television. 55% of all primary school teachers are qualified to teach Frisian and in 40% of the primary schools Frisian is taught by unqualified teachers. @@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ According to law, Frisian is compulsory as a subject in the first half of second At the university level a Frisian programme is offered within the bachelor programme of Minorities and Multilingualism at the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. The programme teaches Frisian writing proficiency as well as Frisian linguistics, literature, cultural history and Old Frisian. The University of Amsterdam offers a smaller programme (minor) in Frisian language. A teaching education programme for Frisian is provided for as an optional trajectory at the Stenden University for Applied Sciences in Leeuwarden. -The AFUK provides adult education in Frisian language for native speakers and beginners at different levels.",bib8193,yes +The AFUK provides adult education in Frisian language for native speakers and beginners at different levels.",bib8218,yes 10425-vitality-3,10425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Preschools are mainly in Dutch, but Frisian is allowed as well. Some 20% of the preschools are joined in the SFBO, the Association of Frisian-language Childcare. These preschools are usually bilingual Dutch and Frisian. In primary education Frisian has been a mandatory subject in all school years since 1980. Attainment targets for proficiency, vocabulary and language attitude have been prescribed by the government. However, inspections have shown that primary schools generally do not meet these targets, even after they were lowered in 2006. Official regulations do not specify how much time per week ought to be dedicated to Frisian. On average, primary schools spend some 40 minutes a week on Frisian, either by using the provincially sponsored learning method, using own materials, or by watching Frisian television. 55% of all primary school teachers are qualified to teach Frisian and in 40% of the primary schools Frisian is taught by unqualified teachers. @@ -657,352 +657,352 @@ According to law, Frisian is compulsory as a subject in the first half of second At the university level a Frisian programme is offered within the bachelor programme of Minorities and Multilingualism at the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. The programme teaches Frisian writing proficiency as well as Frisian linguistics, literature, cultural history and Old Frisian. The University of Amsterdam offers a smaller programme (minor) in Frisian language. A teaching education programme for Frisian is provided for as an optional trajectory at the Stenden University for Applied Sciences in Leeuwarden. -The AFUK provides adult education in Frisian language for native speakers and beginners at different levels.",bib8193,yes +The AFUK provides adult education in Frisian language for native speakers and beginners at different levels.",bib8218,yes 10427-location-1,10427,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Acre State, northwest, Juru\u00e1, from the upper M\u00f5a to the Rio Sungar\u00fa.""}",,,bib68,no -10427-location-2,10427,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Os falantes dessa l\u00edngua distribuem-se ao longo dos igarap\u00e9s Timba\u00faba, Meia D\u00fazia, Rep\u00fablica, Capanawa e na margem esquerda do rio M\u00f4a. Em sua maioria, encontram-se no interior da Terra Ind\u00edgena (TI) Nukini, no Munic\u00edpio de M\u00e2ncio Lima, no Estado do Acre. Em 2003, nessa TI habitavam aproximadamente 553 Nukini. \u00c9 tamb\u00e9m poss\u00edvel localizar alguns integrantes desse povo em outros munic\u00edpios do Estado do Acre, como Cruzeiro do Sul, Rodrigues Alves e Rio Branco. (p. 416) \n[The speakers of this language are distributed along the igarap\u00e9s Timba\u00faba, Meia D\u00fazia, Rep\u00fablica, Capanawa and the left bank of the M\u00f4a River. Mostly they are found inside the Nukini Indigenous Land, in the Municipality of M\u00e2ncio Lima, in the state of Acre. In 2003, in this TI approximately 553 Nukini lived. It is also possible to locate some members of this people in other municipalities in the state of Acre, such as Cruzeiro do Sul, Rio Branco and Rodrigues Alves.""}",,,bib8139,no -10427-location-3,10427,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2647,yes -10427-location-4,10427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.34, -73.5]]}",,,bib3264,no +10427-location-2,10427,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Os falantes dessa l\u00edngua distribuem-se ao longo dos igarap\u00e9s Timba\u00faba, Meia D\u00fazia, Rep\u00fablica, Capanawa e na margem esquerda do rio M\u00f4a. Em sua maioria, encontram-se no interior da Terra Ind\u00edgena (TI) Nukini, no Munic\u00edpio de M\u00e2ncio Lima, no Estado do Acre. Em 2003, nessa TI habitavam aproximadamente 553 Nukini. \u00c9 tamb\u00e9m poss\u00edvel localizar alguns integrantes desse povo em outros munic\u00edpios do Estado do Acre, como Cruzeiro do Sul, Rodrigues Alves e Rio Branco. (p. 416) \n[The speakers of this language are distributed along the igarap\u00e9s Timba\u00faba, Meia D\u00fazia, Rep\u00fablica, Capanawa and the left bank of the M\u00f4a River. Mostly they are found inside the Nukini Indigenous Land, in the Municipality of M\u00e2ncio Lima, in the state of Acre. In 2003, in this TI approximately 553 Nukini lived. It is also possible to locate some members of this people in other municipalities in the state of Acre, such as Cruzeiro do Sul, Rio Branco and Rodrigues Alves.""}",,,bib8164,no +10427-location-3,10427,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2660,yes +10427-location-4,10427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.34, -73.5]]}",,,bib3280,no 10427-speakers-1,10427,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""460"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,no -10427-speakers-2,10427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Obsolescent (no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).""}",,,bib2647,yes +10427-speakers-2,10427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Obsolescent (no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).""}",,,bib2660,yes 10427-LEI-1,10427,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 10427-vitality-1,10427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -10427-LEI-2,10427,LEI,Dormant (),,A few remember it.,bib2647,yes -10427-vitality-2,10427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,A few remember it.,bib2647,yes +10427-LEI-2,10427,LEI,Dormant (),,A few remember it.,bib2660,yes +10427-vitality-2,10427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,A few remember it.,bib2660,yes 10429-location-1,10429,location,"{""Places"": [""Wales, UK"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Editors' note: While Welsh speakers are found in many places in Wales, the broader UK, and parts of Argentina, we have chosen to place three map points near the main centers for the three areas in Wales with the largest numbers of Welsh speakers: Caernarfon, Gwynedd; Llangefni, Anglesey; and Aberystwyth, Ceredigion."", ""Coordinates"": [[53.14, -4.27], [53.256, -4.314], [52.411722, -4.082667]]}",,,bib211,yes -10429-speaker_number-1,10429,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to the Welsh Language Use Surveys of 2004–06, 58% (317 thousand) of those who could speak Welsh considered themselves fluent.",bib3949,no -10429-speakers-1,10429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""317,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~229,550""}",,"According to the Welsh Language Use Surveys of 2004–06, 58% (317 thousand) of those who could speak Welsh considered themselves fluent.",bib3949,no +10429-speaker_number-1,10429,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to the Welsh Language Use Surveys of 2004–06, 58% (317 thousand) of those who could speak Welsh considered themselves fluent.",bib3969,no +10429-speakers-1,10429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""317,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~229,550""}",,"According to the Welsh Language Use Surveys of 2004–06, 58% (317 thousand) of those who could speak Welsh considered themselves fluent.",bib3969,no 10429-speaker_number-2,10429,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib211,yes 10429-speakers-2,10429,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""136,970"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""2,955,841 residents of Wales"", ""Young Adults"": ""180,226"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""562,016 in Wales"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Elders"": ""90,932""}",,,bib211,yes -10429-LEI-1,10429,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3949,no -10429-domains_of_use-1,10429,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3949,no -10429-speaker_number_trends-1,10429,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3949,no -10429-vitality-1,10429,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3949,no +10429-LEI-1,10429,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3969,no +10429-domains_of_use-1,10429,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3969,no +10429-speaker_number_trends-1,10429,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3969,no +10429-vitality-1,10429,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The trends from 1891 to 1971 can be described fairly simply: with a few exceptions, the percentage of Welsh speakers in every age group declined from one census to the next.",bib3969,no 10429-LEI-2,10429,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib211,yes 10429-domains_of_use-2,10429,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib211,yes 10429-speaker_number_trends-2,10429,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib211,yes 10429-vitality-2,10429,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib211,yes -1043-context-1,1043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A'ingae is a cornerstone of Cof\u00e1n ethnic identity, and has helped them withstand assimilation and preserve their traditional way of life. They play a prominent role in the Indigenous political movement of Ecuador. A'ingae-based education is available in elementary schools, though these lack teacher and materials, so many children attend Kichwa or Spanish schools instead. Ecological and economic pressures are endangering their way of life and language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Alianza Ceibo (Ecuador)""}",,,bib1958,yes +1043-context-1,1043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A'ingae is a cornerstone of Cof\u00e1n ethnic identity, and has helped them withstand assimilation and preserve their traditional way of life. They play a prominent role in the Indigenous political movement of Ecuador. A'ingae-based education is available in elementary schools, though these lack teacher and materials, so many children attend Kichwa or Spanish schools instead. Ecological and economic pressures are endangering their way of life and language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Alianza Ceibo (Ecuador)""}",,,bib1970,yes 1043-location-1,1043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.166666666667, -77.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1043-location-2,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador"", ""Colombia""]}",,"Colombia and Ecuador border areas, Napo Province near Santa Rosa de Sucumbios, and down the Aguarico River 130 km; Sucumbios Province. 5 main centers.",bib67,no 1043-location-3,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador""]}",,"In Colombia: Nariño department; Putumayo department: Orito, San Miguel, and Valle del Gamuéz. Colombia-Ecuador border area. In Ecuador: Napo province: near Santa Rosa de Sucumbíos, and down Aguarico River 130 km; Sucumbíos province; 5 centers in Colombia and Ecuador border areas.",bib70,no -1043-location-4,1043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0659, -76.7065]]}",,,bib5307,no -1043-location-5,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: southeast Colombia, Department of Putumayo, on the border with Ecuador, along the rivers Guamues, Aguarico, and Churuyaco. Ecuador: Province of Sucumbios, along the Aguarico River in the settlements of Sinangue, Dorino, and Dureno and along the Bermejo River in the Ecuadorian Amazon""}",,,bib1903,no -1043-location-6,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Originating in the Eastern Andean Cordilleras, the Cofan people migrated through the Ecuadorian and Colombian Amazon. They now inhabit the communities of Sinangoe, Rio Cofanes, Dovuno, Dureno, and Zabalo in the northeast Ecuadorian province of Sucumbios, and communities in the southern Colombian department of Putumayo, with different dialects in each country.""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.054639, -77.409417]]}",,,bib1958,yes +1043-location-4,1043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0659, -76.7065]]}",,,bib5330,no +1043-location-5,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: southeast Colombia, Department of Putumayo, on the border with Ecuador, along the rivers Guamues, Aguarico, and Churuyaco. Ecuador: Province of Sucumbios, along the Aguarico River in the settlements of Sinangue, Dorino, and Dureno and along the Bermejo River in the Ecuadorian Amazon""}",,,bib1915,no +1043-location-6,1043,location,"{""Places"": [""Originating in the Eastern Andean Cordilleras, the Cofan people migrated through the Ecuadorian and Colombian Amazon. They now inhabit the communities of Sinangoe, Rio Cofanes, Dovuno, Dureno, and Zabalo in the northeast Ecuadorian province of Sucumbios, and communities in the southern Colombian department of Putumayo, with different dialects in each country.""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.054639, -77.409417]]}",,,bib1970,yes 1043-speaker_number-1,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 800 speakers in Ecuador (2000 Juncosa). 800 speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no 1043-speakers-1,1043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 800 speakers in Ecuador (2000 Juncosa). 800 speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no 1043-speaker_number-2,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 in Colombia; 1,080 in Ecuador",bib70,no 1043-speakers-2,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia); 2012 (Ecuador)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 in Colombia; 1,080 in Ecuador",bib70,no -1043-speaker_number-3,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1043-speakers-3,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,079"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1043-speakers-4,1043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2250""}",,"There are 800 speakers in Ecuador; there are 1,450 Cofan in the ethnic group in Colombia but the speaker number is unknown.",bib1903,no +1043-speaker_number-3,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1043-speakers-3,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,079"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1043-speakers-4,1043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2250""}",,"There are 800 speakers in Ecuador; there are 1,450 Cofan in the ethnic group in Colombia but the speaker number is unknown.",bib1915,no 1043-speaker_number-5,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1043-speakers-5,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1043-speaker_number-6,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1958,yes -1043-speakers-6,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1958,yes +1043-speaker_number-6,1043,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1970,yes +1043-speakers-6,1043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1970,yes 1043-LEI-1,1043,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1043-vitality-1,1043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1043-LEI-2,1043,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Colombia: Some children don’t speak Cofán.,bib70,no 1043-vitality-2,1043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,In Colombia: Some children don’t speak Cofán.,bib70,no -1043-LEI-3,1043,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1043-vitality-3,1043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1043-LEI-3,1043,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1043-vitality-3,1043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1043-LEI-5,1043,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1043-vitality-5,1043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1043-LEI-6,1043,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1958,yes -1043-transmission-6,1043,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1958,yes -1043-domains_of_use-6,1043,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1958,yes -1043-speaker_number_trends-6,1043,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1958,yes -1043-vitality-6,1043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1958,yes -10430-location-1,10430,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchad""], ""Description"": ""Bon, Ibir""}",,"Le groupe [des langues] Boua représente ainsi, au centre de la partie méridionale de la République de Tchad, un ensemble relativement compact qui s'étend de la rive gauche du Chari dans les environs de Sarh jusqu'au massif du Guéra.",bib1197,yes -10430-location-2,10430,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchad""]}",,,bib5488,no -10430-speaker_number-1,10430,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Les populations qui parlent ces [langues du groupe Boua] sont essentiellement minoritaires, clairsemées et isolées.",bib1197,yes -10430-speakers-1,10430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Les populations qui parlent ces [langues du groupe Boua] sont essentiellement minoritaires, clairsemées et isolées.",bib1197,yes -10430-LEI-1,10430,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1197,yes -10430-vitality-1,10430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1197,yes -10431-context-2,10431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many seem not to value the language too highly, except in traditional contexts, believing in the educational and economic advantages of now English, but formerly Afrikaans""}",,,bib2444,no -10431-context-3,10431,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Otjiherero Subject Committee""}",,"Some of the Ovaherero who moved southwards, went back to Kaokoland and they are called Ovandamuranda which means they came from the land of Damaras. There is a group of Ovaherero known as Ovatjimbahuro. This is a group in Kaokoland who originally came from Ovamboland. They are literally Ovatjimba from Otjihuro (Otjihuro = Ovamboland). There is another group of Ovaherero in Kaokoland known as Ovatjimbatjimba. They are proper Ovatjimba... All these Ovaherero speak a language well known as Otjiherero... Presently Otjiherero in school books is regarded as a standard dialect. It tends to be closer to the Hereroland West dialect, because over the past years all members of the Otjiherero Subject Committee (responsible for prescribing school books) were speakers of this dialect.",bib4064,yes -10431-location-1,10431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.02, 20.57]]}",,,bib3264,no -10431-location-2,10431,location,"{""Description"": ""Namibia""}",,,bib4847,no -10431-location-3,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Angola"", ""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Otjiherero as a language is spoken in rural areas, such as Kaokoland, Hereroland West, Hereroland East, Omaruru and the Aminuis reserve. Outside the Namibian borders Otjiherero speakers live in Angola and Botswana.""}",,"According to oral traditions relating to Bantu migrations, the Ovaherero group, as a member of the South-Western Bantu groups, migrated into Namibia many years ago from the Great Lakes, after having lived in Angola for about 100 years. In their own oral narrations, the Ovaherero call the place of their origin Ombandwa. They crossed the Kunene river into Namibia at Okarundu kaMbeti. They stayed in Kaokoland for many years as nomads then moved southwards in hope of better grazing, until they reached Omaruru, Otjomuise (well known as Windhoek today), Hereroland West and East and other places in Namibia where they find themselves today.",bib4064,yes -10431-location-4,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Angola""]}",,"The ethnic image of the Herero-speaking group is a rather fragmentary one. Considerable cultural differences resulted from diverging historical, social, and environmental factors, as may be observed from the peoples’ dispersion over vast areas in South West Africa, Botswana and Angola. The four major geographic divisions are Hereroland and adjacent areas (Vedder, 1938), Kaokoland (van Warmelo, 1951), Ngamiland (Gibson, 1956), and portions of Southwestern Angola (Estermann, 1961).",bib4869,no -10431-location-5,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Kaokoland, northwestern Namibia""}",,"Located mainly in Namibia, but also found in southern Angola and western Botsawana.",bib7943,no -10431-speaker_number-1,10431,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The 1991 census counted some 113 000 speakers of Otjiherero, which constitutes approximately eight percent of the total population of Namibia... The entire Ovaherero population can be subdivided into four main groups, namely, the central Ovaherero in central Namibia, the Kaokolanders (or western Ovaherero) in Kaokoland, the Ovambanderu (or eastern Ovaherero) in eastern Namibia and the Botswana Ovaherero. The dialect spoken by the central Ovaherero is called Central Otjiherero, or just Otjiherero as it is the basis for standardisation (that is, the norm variety). The dialect spoken by the Ovambanderu, Otjimbanderu, is assumed to have been more divergent from Central Otjiherero in the past. Partly owing to the influence of the standardisation of Central Otjiherero, the two dialects have largely converged, or rather, the distinctiveness of Otjimbanderu has suffered under the influence of the standardised Central Otjiherero... In Kaokoland there are also several Angolan immigrant groups, many of which are either Ovaherero or at least closely related to the Ovaherero, andJ they speak mutually intelligible languages or even Otjiherero dialects, including Otjitwa, Otjihakaona, Otjikuvare, Oluthimba, Olungambwe, and Otjingumbi.",bib4847,no -10431-speakers-1,10431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""113,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The 1991 census counted some 113 000 speakers of Otjiherero, which constitutes approximately eight percent of the total population of Namibia... The entire Ovaherero population can be subdivided into four main groups, namely, the central Ovaherero in central Namibia, the Kaokolanders (or western Ovaherero) in Kaokoland, the Ovambanderu (or eastern Ovaherero) in eastern Namibia and the Botswana Ovaherero. The dialect spoken by the central Ovaherero is called Central Otjiherero, or just Otjiherero as it is the basis for standardisation (that is, the norm variety). The dialect spoken by the Ovambanderu, Otjimbanderu, is assumed to have been more divergent from Central Otjiherero in the past. Partly owing to the influence of the standardisation of Central Otjiherero, the two dialects have largely converged, or rather, the distinctiveness of Otjimbanderu has suffered under the influence of the standardised Central Otjiherero... In Kaokoland there are also several Angolan immigrant groups, many of which are either Ovaherero or at least closely related to the Ovaherero, andJ they speak mutually intelligible languages or even Otjiherero dialects, including Otjitwa, Otjihakaona, Otjikuvare, Oluthimba, Olungambwe, and Otjingumbi.",bib4847,no -10431-speaker_number-3,10431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 1991 population census, Kaokoland is a district with an area of 58.190 km2 inhabited by a population of 26.313 people that is 1,88% of the total population of Namibia. Kaokoland is a multilingual district, where Otjiherero, Oshiwambo, Oluzimba, Olunkambwe, Otjingumbi, Otjitwa, Otjihakaona and Otjikuvare are spoken. Otjiherero is spoken by approximately 24.500 people that is 93,1% of the total population in Kaokoland.",bib4064,yes -10431-speakers-3,10431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the 1991 population census, Kaokoland is a district with an area of 58.190 km2 inhabited by a population of 26.313 people that is 1,88% of the total population of Namibia. Kaokoland is a multilingual district, where Otjiherero, Oshiwambo, Oluzimba, Olunkambwe, Otjingumbi, Otjitwa, Otjihakaona and Otjikuvare are spoken. Otjiherero is spoken by approximately 24.500 people that is 93,1% of the total population in Kaokoland.",bib4064,yes -10431-speaker_number-5,10431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The inhabitants here from a subgroup of the Herero, a pastoral people with a membership of about 100,000... The population of Otjiherero speaking people in Kaokoland is given as 19-20 000 people (Els 1984:47), where half of these... as designated as Ovahimba. Kaokoland is inhabited by people who speak Otjiherero - some 95% of the population use this language.",bib7943,no -10431-speakers-5,10431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000-20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The inhabitants here from a subgroup of the Herero, a pastoral people with a membership of about 100,000... The population of Otjiherero speaking people in Kaokoland is given as 19-20 000 people (Els 1984:47), where half of these... as designated as Ovahimba. Kaokoland is inhabited by people who speak Otjiherero - some 95% of the population use this language.",bib7943,no -10431-LEI-1,10431,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4847,no -10431-vitality-1,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4847,no -10431-LEI-3,10431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4064,yes -10431-vitality-3,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4064,yes -10431-LEI-4,10431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7943,no -10431-vitality-4,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7943,no -10434-context-1,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Most Zaar people of the younger generation are bilingual in Hausa-Zaar. They are schooled in Hausa in primary school, before learning English… The older generation are not sure of themselves in Hausa, whereas the younger educated elite, who often hold positions in the administration, police and education, switch comfortably between Zaar, Hausa and English.",bib1520,yes -10434-context-2,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"All of them [Za:r speakers] are bilingual, using Za:r locally and Hausa regionally. English is a prerequisite in the Nigerian system of Education.",bib1522,no -10434-context-4,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Most Sayawa are fluent in Hausa, a Chadic language which serves as a lingua franca in Northern Nigeria.",bib6621,no -10434-location-1,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"The Zaar live in the South of Bauchi State (Nigeria), in the Tafawa Balewa and Bogoro Local Government Areas",bib1520,yes -10434-location-2,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.756303, 9.555917]]}",,"the South of Bauchi State, Nigeria, and mainly in the Bogoro Local Government Area",bib1522,no -10434-location-3,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zaar, also known as Saya, is spoken by about 150 000 speakers in the South of Bauchi State (Nigeria), in the Tafawa Ɓalewa and Ɓogoro Local Government Areas",bib1511,no -10434-location-4,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Province, Nigeria""]}",,"Sayanci, the language of the Sayawa (spelled Seiyawa in Greenberg 1966),1 is the principal language of Lere District in Bauchi Province, North Eastern State, Nigeria.",bib6621,no +1043-LEI-6,1043,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1970,yes +1043-transmission-6,1043,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1970,yes +1043-domains_of_use-6,1043,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1970,yes +1043-speaker_number_trends-6,1043,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1970,yes +1043-vitality-6,1043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Ecuador, the language is learned by children and robustly spoken in all domains. It is severly endangered in Colombia. A'ingae is influenced by Kichwa, Spanish, and Siona-Secoya.",bib1970,yes +10430-location-1,10430,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchad""], ""Description"": ""Bon, Ibir""}",,"Le groupe [des langues] Boua représente ainsi, au centre de la partie méridionale de la République de Tchad, un ensemble relativement compact qui s'étend de la rive gauche du Chari dans les environs de Sarh jusqu'au massif du Guéra.",bib1206,yes +10430-location-2,10430,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchad""]}",,,bib5511,no +10430-speaker_number-1,10430,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Les populations qui parlent ces [langues du groupe Boua] sont essentiellement minoritaires, clairsemées et isolées.",bib1206,yes +10430-speakers-1,10430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Les populations qui parlent ces [langues du groupe Boua] sont essentiellement minoritaires, clairsemées et isolées.",bib1206,yes +10430-LEI-1,10430,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1206,yes +10430-vitality-1,10430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1206,yes +10431-context-2,10431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many seem not to value the language too highly, except in traditional contexts, believing in the educational and economic advantages of now English, but formerly Afrikaans""}",,,bib2457,no +10431-context-3,10431,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Otjiherero Subject Committee""}",,"Some of the Ovaherero who moved southwards, went back to Kaokoland and they are called Ovandamuranda which means they came from the land of Damaras. There is a group of Ovaherero known as Ovatjimbahuro. This is a group in Kaokoland who originally came from Ovamboland. They are literally Ovatjimba from Otjihuro (Otjihuro = Ovamboland). There is another group of Ovaherero in Kaokoland known as Ovatjimbatjimba. They are proper Ovatjimba... All these Ovaherero speak a language well known as Otjiherero... Presently Otjiherero in school books is regarded as a standard dialect. It tends to be closer to the Hereroland West dialect, because over the past years all members of the Otjiherero Subject Committee (responsible for prescribing school books) were speakers of this dialect.",bib4084,yes +10431-location-1,10431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.02, 20.57]]}",,,bib3280,no +10431-location-2,10431,location,"{""Description"": ""Namibia""}",,,bib4869,no +10431-location-3,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Angola"", ""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Otjiherero as a language is spoken in rural areas, such as Kaokoland, Hereroland West, Hereroland East, Omaruru and the Aminuis reserve. Outside the Namibian borders Otjiherero speakers live in Angola and Botswana.""}",,"According to oral traditions relating to Bantu migrations, the Ovaherero group, as a member of the South-Western Bantu groups, migrated into Namibia many years ago from the Great Lakes, after having lived in Angola for about 100 years. In their own oral narrations, the Ovaherero call the place of their origin Ombandwa. They crossed the Kunene river into Namibia at Okarundu kaMbeti. They stayed in Kaokoland for many years as nomads then moved southwards in hope of better grazing, until they reached Omaruru, Otjomuise (well known as Windhoek today), Hereroland West and East and other places in Namibia where they find themselves today.",bib4084,yes +10431-location-4,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Angola""]}",,"The ethnic image of the Herero-speaking group is a rather fragmentary one. Considerable cultural differences resulted from diverging historical, social, and environmental factors, as may be observed from the peoples’ dispersion over vast areas in South West Africa, Botswana and Angola. The four major geographic divisions are Hereroland and adjacent areas (Vedder, 1938), Kaokoland (van Warmelo, 1951), Ngamiland (Gibson, 1956), and portions of Southwestern Angola (Estermann, 1961).",bib4891,no +10431-location-5,10431,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Kaokoland, northwestern Namibia""}",,"Located mainly in Namibia, but also found in southern Angola and western Botsawana.",bib7968,no +10431-speaker_number-1,10431,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The 1991 census counted some 113 000 speakers of Otjiherero, which constitutes approximately eight percent of the total population of Namibia... The entire Ovaherero population can be subdivided into four main groups, namely, the central Ovaherero in central Namibia, the Kaokolanders (or western Ovaherero) in Kaokoland, the Ovambanderu (or eastern Ovaherero) in eastern Namibia and the Botswana Ovaherero. The dialect spoken by the central Ovaherero is called Central Otjiherero, or just Otjiherero as it is the basis for standardisation (that is, the norm variety). The dialect spoken by the Ovambanderu, Otjimbanderu, is assumed to have been more divergent from Central Otjiherero in the past. Partly owing to the influence of the standardisation of Central Otjiherero, the two dialects have largely converged, or rather, the distinctiveness of Otjimbanderu has suffered under the influence of the standardised Central Otjiherero... In Kaokoland there are also several Angolan immigrant groups, many of which are either Ovaherero or at least closely related to the Ovaherero, andJ they speak mutually intelligible languages or even Otjiherero dialects, including Otjitwa, Otjihakaona, Otjikuvare, Oluthimba, Olungambwe, and Otjingumbi.",bib4869,no +10431-speakers-1,10431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""113,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The 1991 census counted some 113 000 speakers of Otjiherero, which constitutes approximately eight percent of the total population of Namibia... The entire Ovaherero population can be subdivided into four main groups, namely, the central Ovaherero in central Namibia, the Kaokolanders (or western Ovaherero) in Kaokoland, the Ovambanderu (or eastern Ovaherero) in eastern Namibia and the Botswana Ovaherero. The dialect spoken by the central Ovaherero is called Central Otjiherero, or just Otjiherero as it is the basis for standardisation (that is, the norm variety). The dialect spoken by the Ovambanderu, Otjimbanderu, is assumed to have been more divergent from Central Otjiherero in the past. Partly owing to the influence of the standardisation of Central Otjiherero, the two dialects have largely converged, or rather, the distinctiveness of Otjimbanderu has suffered under the influence of the standardised Central Otjiherero... In Kaokoland there are also several Angolan immigrant groups, many of which are either Ovaherero or at least closely related to the Ovaherero, andJ they speak mutually intelligible languages or even Otjiherero dialects, including Otjitwa, Otjihakaona, Otjikuvare, Oluthimba, Olungambwe, and Otjingumbi.",bib4869,no +10431-speaker_number-3,10431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 1991 population census, Kaokoland is a district with an area of 58.190 km2 inhabited by a population of 26.313 people that is 1,88% of the total population of Namibia. Kaokoland is a multilingual district, where Otjiherero, Oshiwambo, Oluzimba, Olunkambwe, Otjingumbi, Otjitwa, Otjihakaona and Otjikuvare are spoken. Otjiherero is spoken by approximately 24.500 people that is 93,1% of the total population in Kaokoland.",bib4084,yes +10431-speakers-3,10431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the 1991 population census, Kaokoland is a district with an area of 58.190 km2 inhabited by a population of 26.313 people that is 1,88% of the total population of Namibia. Kaokoland is a multilingual district, where Otjiherero, Oshiwambo, Oluzimba, Olunkambwe, Otjingumbi, Otjitwa, Otjihakaona and Otjikuvare are spoken. Otjiherero is spoken by approximately 24.500 people that is 93,1% of the total population in Kaokoland.",bib4084,yes +10431-speaker_number-5,10431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The inhabitants here from a subgroup of the Herero, a pastoral people with a membership of about 100,000... The population of Otjiherero speaking people in Kaokoland is given as 19-20 000 people (Els 1984:47), where half of these... as designated as Ovahimba. Kaokoland is inhabited by people who speak Otjiherero - some 95% of the population use this language.",bib7968,no +10431-speakers-5,10431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000-20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The inhabitants here from a subgroup of the Herero, a pastoral people with a membership of about 100,000... The population of Otjiherero speaking people in Kaokoland is given as 19-20 000 people (Els 1984:47), where half of these... as designated as Ovahimba. Kaokoland is inhabited by people who speak Otjiherero - some 95% of the population use this language.",bib7968,no +10431-LEI-1,10431,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4869,no +10431-vitality-1,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4869,no +10431-LEI-3,10431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4084,yes +10431-vitality-3,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4084,yes +10431-LEI-4,10431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7968,no +10431-vitality-4,10431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7968,no +10434-context-1,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Most Zaar people of the younger generation are bilingual in Hausa-Zaar. They are schooled in Hausa in primary school, before learning English… The older generation are not sure of themselves in Hausa, whereas the younger educated elite, who often hold positions in the administration, police and education, switch comfortably between Zaar, Hausa and English.",bib1532,yes +10434-context-2,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"All of them [Za:r speakers] are bilingual, using Za:r locally and Hausa regionally. English is a prerequisite in the Nigerian system of Education.",bib1534,no +10434-context-4,10434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Most Sayawa are fluent in Hausa, a Chadic language which serves as a lingua franca in Northern Nigeria.",bib6645,no +10434-location-1,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"The Zaar live in the South of Bauchi State (Nigeria), in the Tafawa Balewa and Bogoro Local Government Areas",bib1532,yes +10434-location-2,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.756303, 9.555917]]}",,"the South of Bauchi State, Nigeria, and mainly in the Bogoro Local Government Area",bib1534,no +10434-location-3,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zaar, also known as Saya, is spoken by about 150 000 speakers in the South of Bauchi State (Nigeria), in the Tafawa Ɓalewa and Ɓogoro Local Government Areas",bib1523,no +10434-location-4,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Province, Nigeria""]}",,"Sayanci, the language of the Sayawa (spelled Seiyawa in Greenberg 1966),1 is the principal language of Lere District in Bauchi Province, North Eastern State, Nigeria.",bib6645,no 10434-location-5,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Tafawa Balewa LGA",bib100,no -10434-location-6,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.5, 9.5]]}",,"Villages of Kal, Lusa, Tafawa Balewa, Mwari, Bogoro, Lere, Sigidi",bib6792,no -10434-speaker_number-1,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1520,yes -10434-speakers-1,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1520,yes -10434-speaker_number-2,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1522,no -10434-speakers-2,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1522,no -10434-speaker_number-3,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1511,no -10434-speakers-3,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1511,no -10434-speaker_number-4,10434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6621,no -10434-speakers-4,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6621,no +10434-location-6,10434,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.5, 9.5]]}",,"Villages of Kal, Lusa, Tafawa Balewa, Mwari, Bogoro, Lere, Sigidi",bib6816,no +10434-speaker_number-1,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1532,yes +10434-speakers-1,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1532,yes +10434-speaker_number-2,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1534,no +10434-speakers-2,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1534,no +10434-speaker_number-3,10434,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1523,no +10434-speakers-3,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1523,no +10434-speaker_number-4,10434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6645,no +10434-speakers-4,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6645,no 10434-speaker_number-5,10434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib100,no 10434-speakers-5,10434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib100,no -10434-LEI-1,10434,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1520,yes -10434-transmission-1,10434,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1520,yes -10434-domains_of_use-1,10434,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1520,yes -10434-speaker_number_trends-1,10434,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1520,yes -10434-vitality-1,10434,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1520,yes -10434-LEI-2,10434,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1522,no -10434-vitality-2,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1522,no -10434-LEI-3,10434,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1511,no -10434-vitality-3,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1511,no -10434-LEI-4,10434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6621,no -10434-vitality-4,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6621,no +10434-LEI-1,10434,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1532,yes +10434-transmission-1,10434,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1532,yes +10434-domains_of_use-1,10434,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1532,yes +10434-speaker_number_trends-1,10434,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1532,yes +10434-vitality-1,10434,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1532,yes +10434-LEI-2,10434,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1534,no +10434-vitality-2,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1534,no +10434-LEI-3,10434,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1523,no +10434-vitality-3,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1523,no +10434-LEI-4,10434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6645,no +10434-vitality-4,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6645,no 10434-LEI-5,10434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib100,no 10434-vitality-5,10434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib100,no -10437-context-2,10437,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A large majority of those that were interviewed favor literacy in Wapan over any other language. Again and again the reason given is 'It's my language,' or 'I'll understand it better,' or both of these. The occasional person who favors Hausa over Wapan is a person who knows Hausa well; he values Hausa because it reaches beyond his area... This, however, is decidedly not the view of the average Wukari Jukun person. He sees Wapan as the language of his people and 'his compound, and he believes he will be able to read and understand best in Wapan...""}",,"We shall use the term Wapan to refer to the language itself. This is the term the Wukari Jukun themselves use for their language... Though many subjects use Hausa when speaking to non-Jukun, none interviewed use Hausa in their home compounds. For the Jukun people generally, Wapan is the only language which encompasses all aspects of their daily lives... Very few people know Hausa completely, and that less Hausa is known in those areas furthest from Wukari and off main roads... Further into the bush the level drops appreciably, so that complete communication by means of Hausa becomes very unlikely indeed.",bib2523,no -10437-location-1,10437,location,"{""Places"": [""Wukari, Awe und Ibi, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Das Wapan wird im Kemland der Jukun in Wukari und seiner Umgebung sowie in Awe und Ibi gesprochen...""}",,,bib7054,no +10437-context-2,10437,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A large majority of those that were interviewed favor literacy in Wapan over any other language. Again and again the reason given is 'It's my language,' or 'I'll understand it better,' or both of these. The occasional person who favors Hausa over Wapan is a person who knows Hausa well; he values Hausa because it reaches beyond his area... This, however, is decidedly not the view of the average Wukari Jukun person. He sees Wapan as the language of his people and 'his compound, and he believes he will be able to read and understand best in Wapan...""}",,"We shall use the term Wapan to refer to the language itself. This is the term the Wukari Jukun themselves use for their language... Though many subjects use Hausa when speaking to non-Jukun, none interviewed use Hausa in their home compounds. For the Jukun people generally, Wapan is the only language which encompasses all aspects of their daily lives... Very few people know Hausa completely, and that less Hausa is known in those areas furthest from Wukari and off main roads... Further into the bush the level drops appreciably, so that complete communication by means of Hausa becomes very unlikely indeed.",bib2536,no +10437-location-1,10437,location,"{""Places"": [""Wukari, Awe und Ibi, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Das Wapan wird im Kemland der Jukun in Wukari und seiner Umgebung sowie in Awe und Ibi gesprochen...""}",,,bib7078,no 10437-location-2,10437,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba state: Wukari and Gassol LGAs; Nassarawa state: Lafia and Awe LGAs; Plateau state: Shendam and Langtang South LGAs; Benue state: Guma LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.0, 9.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 10437-speaker_number-1,10437,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(UBS),bib69,yes 10437-speakers-1,10437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(UBS),bib69,yes 10437-speaker_number-2,10437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population of Wapan-speaking people in Wukari District: -Wukari Town 21 ,410; Ibi Town 9,087; Santaje 495; Gidan Dorowa 559; Nyankwala 244; Tunare 452; Nwonko 306; Dampar 2,171; Jibu 4,238; Chinkai 2,968; Akwana 603; Unufo 200; Arufu 1,925; Pyayi 634; Kente 626; Riti 388; Sondi 206; Sarkin Kudu 3,141; Tsokundi 394; Gidan Idi 449; Tafare Takarda 200; Gidan Waya 240; Rafin Kada 2,762; Zebu Katse 223; Kwatan Tsufa 234; Gidan Yaku 200; Gidan Ikwe 300; Chonku 139; Byepyi 1,500; Gidan Adakenjo 1,000.",bib2523,no +Wukari Town 21 ,410; Ibi Town 9,087; Santaje 495; Gidan Dorowa 559; Nyankwala 244; Tunare 452; Nwonko 306; Dampar 2,171; Jibu 4,238; Chinkai 2,968; Akwana 603; Unufo 200; Arufu 1,925; Pyayi 634; Kente 626; Riti 388; Sondi 206; Sarkin Kudu 3,141; Tsokundi 394; Gidan Idi 449; Tafare Takarda 200; Gidan Waya 240; Rafin Kada 2,762; Zebu Katse 223; Kwatan Tsufa 234; Gidan Yaku 200; Gidan Ikwe 300; Chonku 139; Byepyi 1,500; Gidan Adakenjo 1,000.",bib2536,no 10437-speakers-2,10437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~57,354"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population of Wapan-speaking people in Wukari District: -Wukari Town 21 ,410; Ibi Town 9,087; Santaje 495; Gidan Dorowa 559; Nyankwala 244; Tunare 452; Nwonko 306; Dampar 2,171; Jibu 4,238; Chinkai 2,968; Akwana 603; Unufo 200; Arufu 1,925; Pyayi 634; Kente 626; Riti 388; Sondi 206; Sarkin Kudu 3,141; Tsokundi 394; Gidan Idi 449; Tafare Takarda 200; Gidan Waya 240; Rafin Kada 2,762; Zebu Katse 223; Kwatan Tsufa 234; Gidan Yaku 200; Gidan Ikwe 300; Chonku 139; Byepyi 1,500; Gidan Adakenjo 1,000.",bib2523,no +Wukari Town 21 ,410; Ibi Town 9,087; Santaje 495; Gidan Dorowa 559; Nyankwala 244; Tunare 452; Nwonko 306; Dampar 2,171; Jibu 4,238; Chinkai 2,968; Akwana 603; Unufo 200; Arufu 1,925; Pyayi 634; Kente 626; Riti 388; Sondi 206; Sarkin Kudu 3,141; Tsokundi 394; Gidan Idi 449; Tafare Takarda 200; Gidan Waya 240; Rafin Kada 2,762; Zebu Katse 223; Kwatan Tsufa 234; Gidan Yaku 200; Gidan Ikwe 300; Chonku 139; Byepyi 1,500; Gidan Adakenjo 1,000.",bib2536,no 10437-LEI-1,10437,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10437-vitality-1,10437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10437-LEI-2,10437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2523,no -10437-vitality-2,10437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2523,no -10439-context-1,10439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib981,no -10439-context-2,10439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Karekare""}",,"Ngizim men typically would have at least one Karekare wife, and Karekare seems to have been the preferred common language in such households, at least before Hausa became dominant. Ngizims—at least Ngizim men—all seemed to speak Karekare when I first went to Potiskum in 1969, whereas few Karekares spoke Ngizim. Children in such households would grow up with Ngizim as the dominant language, inasmuch as the head of the household was Ngizim, he probably had at least one Ngizim wife, and the household was probably in a predominantly Ngizim village or neighborhood. These children, especially those with Karekare mothers, would be competent speakers of Karekare as well. The result would be children speaking Karekare but code-switching with Ngizim, the dominant language of the household and the neighborhood, much like speakers of Yobe language code- switch with Hausa today.",bib6642,no -10439-location-1,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Yobe State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.710652, 11.082443]]}",,"Ngizim is spoken in Yobe State, Nigeria, in the area to the east and south of Potiskum, the largest city in Yobe State, as well as in Potiskum, which was originally an Ngizim town.",bib6641,yes -10439-location-2,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,“Ngizim is spoken... in northeastern Nigeria.”,bib6632,no -10439-location-3,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast State, Nigeria""]}",,"“[Ngizim] is spoken by about 25,000 people in the Northeast State of Nigeria in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum.”",bib6640,no -10439-location-4,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast State, Nigeria""]}",,Ngizim is spoken in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum in the Northeast State of Nigeria.,bib6634,no -10439-location-5,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,"“Ngizim is spoken in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum""",bib6635,no -10439-location-6,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,"“The Duwai and Bade areas center along the Yo river (a major affluent of Lake Chad) and its tributaries. Ngizim is separated from the other languages of the group, lying some 80-100 km. to the south, in the area of Potiskum.""",bib6639,no -10439-location-7,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Potiskum, Nigeria""]}",,"“It seems more likely that the ancestors of all the people called ""Ngizim"" occupied an area to the south of and contiguous to what is now Bade country. The Ngizim of Potiskum either moved south, or were cut off linguistically from the origiinal contiguous Bade-Ngizim homeland by incursions of Kanuri and/or Hausa. Separation left Bade and Ngizim of Potiskum to evolve in different ways.""",bib6637,no -10439-location-8,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Borno State, Nigeria""]}",,"Borno State, Damaturu LGA",bib981,no +10437-LEI-2,10437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2536,no +10437-vitality-2,10437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2536,no +10439-context-1,10439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib985,no +10439-context-2,10439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Karekare""}",,"Ngizim men typically would have at least one Karekare wife, and Karekare seems to have been the preferred common language in such households, at least before Hausa became dominant. Ngizims—at least Ngizim men—all seemed to speak Karekare when I first went to Potiskum in 1969, whereas few Karekares spoke Ngizim. Children in such households would grow up with Ngizim as the dominant language, inasmuch as the head of the household was Ngizim, he probably had at least one Ngizim wife, and the household was probably in a predominantly Ngizim village or neighborhood. These children, especially those with Karekare mothers, would be competent speakers of Karekare as well. The result would be children speaking Karekare but code-switching with Ngizim, the dominant language of the household and the neighborhood, much like speakers of Yobe language code- switch with Hausa today.",bib6666,no +10439-location-1,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Yobe State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.710652, 11.082443]]}",,"Ngizim is spoken in Yobe State, Nigeria, in the area to the east and south of Potiskum, the largest city in Yobe State, as well as in Potiskum, which was originally an Ngizim town.",bib6665,yes +10439-location-2,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,“Ngizim is spoken... in northeastern Nigeria.”,bib6656,no +10439-location-3,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast State, Nigeria""]}",,"“[Ngizim] is spoken by about 25,000 people in the Northeast State of Nigeria in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum.”",bib6664,no +10439-location-4,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast State, Nigeria""]}",,Ngizim is spoken in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum in the Northeast State of Nigeria.,bib6658,no +10439-location-5,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,"“Ngizim is spoken in an area fanning out to the east from Potiskum""",bib6659,no +10439-location-6,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,"“The Duwai and Bade areas center along the Yo river (a major affluent of Lake Chad) and its tributaries. Ngizim is separated from the other languages of the group, lying some 80-100 km. to the south, in the area of Potiskum.""",bib6663,no +10439-location-7,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Potiskum, Nigeria""]}",,"“It seems more likely that the ancestors of all the people called ""Ngizim"" occupied an area to the south of and contiguous to what is now Bade country. The Ngizim of Potiskum either moved south, or were cut off linguistically from the origiinal contiguous Bade-Ngizim homeland by incursions of Kanuri and/or Hausa. Separation left Bade and Ngizim of Potiskum to evolve in different ways.""",bib6661,no +10439-location-8,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Borno State, Nigeria""]}",,"Borno State, Damaturu LGA",bib985,no 10439-location-9,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Yobe State, Nigeria""]}",,"Yobe State, Damaturu LGA",bib100,no -10439-location-10,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Potiskum, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6642,no -10439-speaker_number-1,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6641,yes -10439-speakers-1,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6641,yes -10439-speaker_number-2,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“Ngizim is spoken by perhaps 25,000 people...”",bib6632,no -10439-speakers-2,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“Ngizim is spoken by perhaps 25,000 people...”",bib6632,no -10439-speaker_number-3,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6640,no -10439-speakers-3,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6640,no -10439-speaker_number-4,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Based on records seen at the Roman Catholic mission in Potiskum, Ngizim is estimated to be spoken by about 25,000 people.",bib6634,no -10439-speakers-4,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Based on records seen at the Roman Catholic mission in Potiskum, Ngizim is estimated to be spoken by about 25,000 people.",bib6634,no -10439-speaker_number-5,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"39,200 includes Bade and Ɗuwai (1952 W&B); 25,000 Schuh (1971)",bib981,no -10439-speakers-5,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"39,200 includes Bade and Ɗuwai (1952 W&B); 25,000 Schuh (1971)",bib981,no +10439-location-10,10439,location,"{""Places"": [""Potiskum, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6666,no +10439-speaker_number-1,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6665,yes +10439-speakers-1,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6665,yes +10439-speaker_number-2,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“Ngizim is spoken by perhaps 25,000 people...”",bib6656,no +10439-speakers-2,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“Ngizim is spoken by perhaps 25,000 people...”",bib6656,no +10439-speaker_number-3,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6664,no +10439-speakers-3,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6664,no +10439-speaker_number-4,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Based on records seen at the Roman Catholic mission in Potiskum, Ngizim is estimated to be spoken by about 25,000 people.",bib6658,no +10439-speakers-4,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Based on records seen at the Roman Catholic mission in Potiskum, Ngizim is estimated to be spoken by about 25,000 people.",bib6658,no +10439-speaker_number-5,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"39,200 includes Bade and Ɗuwai (1952 W&B); 25,000 Schuh (1971)",bib985,no +10439-speakers-5,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"39,200 includes Bade and Ɗuwai (1952 W&B); 25,000 Schuh (1971)",bib985,no 10439-speaker_number-6,10439,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib100,no 10439-speakers-6,10439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib100,no -10439-LEI-1,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6641,yes -10439-vitality-1,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6641,yes -10439-LEI-2,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6632,no -10439-vitality-2,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6632,no -10439-LEI-3,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6640,no -10439-vitality-3,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6640,no -10439-LEI-4,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6634,no -10439-vitality-4,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6634,no -10439-LEI-5,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10439-vitality-5,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no +10439-LEI-1,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6665,yes +10439-vitality-1,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6665,yes +10439-LEI-2,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6656,no +10439-vitality-2,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6656,no +10439-LEI-3,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6664,no +10439-vitality-3,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6664,no +10439-LEI-4,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6658,no +10439-vitality-4,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6658,no +10439-LEI-5,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10439-vitality-5,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no 10439-LEI-6,10439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib100,no 10439-vitality-6,10439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib100,no -10441-location-1,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Kutep are found in Wukan division of [former] Benue-Plateau state. The territory occupied almost entirely by the Kutep can conventiently be defined by the River Gamana to the south, the boundary with Katsina Ala division to the west, the boundary with the North-Eastern State to the east, and the road connecting Katsina Ala, Takum and Gaiama to the north. There are at least three Kutep settlements in the Yukuben territory beyond the River Gamana, and one beyond the North-Eastern State boundary.""}",,,bib6793,no -10441-location-2,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Takum LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[Kuteb] live mainly in what is now Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. There are two or three hamlets of Kuteb speakers in Cameroun. Their area covers a rough triangle with its apex at Takum, the major commercial center (10\u00b0 E, 7\u00b0 N)... The Gamana River cuts through the southern part of the area, and the Donga runs north and south across the east side. Bordering the Cameroun mountains, the Kuteb area is typical savannah (lots of grass and small trees) dotted with hills, which, incidentally, have provided protection in recent history during inter-ethnic warfare. The nickname ande ti rikwen (\u2018mountain people\u2019) perhaps developed during this period."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.0, 10.0]]}",,Local tradition says that the people scattered to their present villages from Usa Mountain on the east side of the area.,bib4292,yes -10441-location-3,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Takum LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Furu Awa subdivision, Cameroon""]}",,,bib981,no -10441-speaker_number-1,10441,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The people known as Kuteb (or 'Kutep', or 'Kutev' in the literature) number more than 100,000... Extrapolated from the Nigerian Government Census of 1952, district government records and U.N. birth-rate statistics.",bib4292,yes -10441-speakers-1,10441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1952"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The people known as Kuteb (or 'Kutep', or 'Kutev' in the literature) number more than 100,000... Extrapolated from the Nigerian Government Census of 1952, district government records and U.N. birth-rate statistics.",bib4292,yes -10441-speaker_number-2,10441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,592 (1952 W&B); 30,000 (1986 UBS); 1400 in Cameroun (1976).",bib981,no -10441-speakers-2,10441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,592 (1952 W&B); 30,000 (1986 UBS); 1400 in Cameroun (1976).",bib981,no -10441-LEI-1,10441,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4292,yes -10441-vitality-1,10441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4292,yes -10441-LEI-2,10441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10441-vitality-2,10441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10442-location-1,10442,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Sardauna and Gashaka LGAs; and in Cameroon (1 village only)""}",,,bib981,no +10441-location-1,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Kutep are found in Wukan division of [former] Benue-Plateau state. The territory occupied almost entirely by the Kutep can conventiently be defined by the River Gamana to the south, the boundary with Katsina Ala division to the west, the boundary with the North-Eastern State to the east, and the road connecting Katsina Ala, Takum and Gaiama to the north. There are at least three Kutep settlements in the Yukuben territory beyond the River Gamana, and one beyond the North-Eastern State boundary.""}",,,bib6817,no +10441-location-2,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Takum LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[Kuteb] live mainly in what is now Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. There are two or three hamlets of Kuteb speakers in Cameroun. Their area covers a rough triangle with its apex at Takum, the major commercial center (10\u00b0 E, 7\u00b0 N)... The Gamana River cuts through the southern part of the area, and the Donga runs north and south across the east side. Bordering the Cameroun mountains, the Kuteb area is typical savannah (lots of grass and small trees) dotted with hills, which, incidentally, have provided protection in recent history during inter-ethnic warfare. The nickname ande ti rikwen (\u2018mountain people\u2019) perhaps developed during this period."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.0, 10.0]]}",,Local tradition says that the people scattered to their present villages from Usa Mountain on the east side of the area.,bib4313,yes +10441-location-3,10441,location,"{""Places"": [""Takum LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Furu Awa subdivision, Cameroon""]}",,,bib985,no +10441-speaker_number-1,10441,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The people known as Kuteb (or 'Kutep', or 'Kutev' in the literature) number more than 100,000... Extrapolated from the Nigerian Government Census of 1952, district government records and U.N. birth-rate statistics.",bib4313,yes +10441-speakers-1,10441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1952"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The people known as Kuteb (or 'Kutep', or 'Kutev' in the literature) number more than 100,000... Extrapolated from the Nigerian Government Census of 1952, district government records and U.N. birth-rate statistics.",bib4313,yes +10441-speaker_number-2,10441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,592 (1952 W&B); 30,000 (1986 UBS); 1400 in Cameroun (1976).",bib985,no +10441-speakers-2,10441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,592 (1952 W&B); 30,000 (1986 UBS); 1400 in Cameroun (1976).",bib985,no +10441-LEI-1,10441,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4313,yes +10441-vitality-1,10441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4313,yes +10441-LEI-2,10441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10441-vitality-2,10441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10442-location-1,10442,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Sardauna and Gashaka LGAs; and in Cameroon (1 village only)""}",,,bib985,no 10442-location-2,10442,location,"{""Places"": [""Sardauna and Gashaka LGAs, Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Sardauna and Gashaka LGAs, Taraba State; Njoyame spoken in one village (Dodeo) in Cameroon... also spoken in Bali LGA.""}",,"According to Meek, found in villages of Galea, Ndahoro, Bente, Binam, Tawan, Sewa, Yakuba, Dombo, -Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bib984,yes -10442-location-3,10442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.29, 11.31]]}",,,bib3264,no -10442-speaker_number-1,10442,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib981,no -10442-speakers-1,10442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib981,no -10442-speaker_number-2,10442,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib984,yes -10442-speakers-2,10442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib984,yes -10442-LEI-1,10442,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10442-vitality-1,10442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10442-LEI-2,10442,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes -10442-vitality-2,10442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes -10444-context-1,10444,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1512,yes -10444-context-2,10444,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde""}",,,bib1510,no -10444-location-1,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no -10444-location-2,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The South of the Bauchi State (Nigeria).,bib1518,no -10444-location-3,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1512,yes -10444-location-4,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Zaranda, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria... Zaranda, à 15 km au nord-ouest de Bauchi",bib1515,no -10444-location-5,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Zaranda Ha\u0253e, The South of Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.57, 10.28]]}",,"Most of the Bu: population has migrated from the original location of the Zaranda village (Zaranda Haɓe, longitude 9,57; latitude 10,28) to the present Zaranda (longitude 9,52 ; latitude 10,23).",bib1510,no -10444-speaker_number-1,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"750 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2002)",bib981,no -10444-speakers-1,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"750 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2002)",bib981,no -10444-speaker_number-2,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Their population... [is] less than 600.,bib1518,no -10444-speakers-2,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Their population... [is] less than 600.,bib1518,no -10444-speaker_number-3,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 600 speakers,bib1512,yes -10444-speakers-3,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 600 speakers,bib1512,yes -10444-speaker_number-4,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,no -10444-speakers-4,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,no -10444-LEI-1,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10444-vitality-1,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10444-LEI-2,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1518,no -10444-vitality-2,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1518,no -10444-LEI-3,10444,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1512,yes -10444-transmission-3,10444,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1512,yes -10444-speaker_number_trends-3,10444,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1512,yes -10444-vitality-3,10444,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1512,yes -10444-LEI-4,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,no -10444-vitality-4,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,no +Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bib988,yes +10442-location-3,10442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.29, 11.31]]}",,,bib3280,no +10442-speaker_number-1,10442,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib985,no +10442-speakers-1,10442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib985,no +10442-speaker_number-2,10442,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib988,yes +10442-speakers-2,10442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib988,yes +10442-LEI-1,10442,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10442-vitality-1,10442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10442-LEI-2,10442,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib988,yes +10442-vitality-2,10442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib988,yes +10444-context-1,10444,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1524,yes +10444-context-2,10444,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde""}",,,bib1522,no +10444-location-1,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no +10444-location-2,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The South of the Bauchi State (Nigeria).,bib1530,no +10444-location-3,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1524,yes +10444-location-4,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Zaranda, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria... Zaranda, à 15 km au nord-ouest de Bauchi",bib1527,no +10444-location-5,10444,location,"{""Places"": [""Zaranda Ha\u0253e, The South of Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.57, 10.28]]}",,"Most of the Bu: population has migrated from the original location of the Zaranda village (Zaranda Haɓe, longitude 9,57; latitude 10,28) to the present Zaranda (longitude 9,52 ; latitude 10,23).",bib1522,no +10444-speaker_number-1,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"750 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2002)",bib985,no +10444-speakers-1,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"750 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2002)",bib985,no +10444-speaker_number-2,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Their population... [is] less than 600.,bib1530,no +10444-speakers-2,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Their population... [is] less than 600.,bib1530,no +10444-speaker_number-3,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 600 speakers,bib1524,yes +10444-speakers-3,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 600 speakers,bib1524,yes +10444-speaker_number-4,10444,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,no +10444-speakers-4,10444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,no +10444-LEI-1,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10444-vitality-1,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10444-LEI-2,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1530,no +10444-vitality-2,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1530,no +10444-LEI-3,10444,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1524,yes +10444-transmission-3,10444,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1524,yes +10444-speaker_number_trends-3,10444,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1524,yes +10444-vitality-3,10444,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Two of those languages (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an 'old' village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the 'old' language and a 'new' village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1524,yes +10444-LEI-4,10444,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,no +10444-vitality-4,10444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,no 10445-context-1,10445,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,Shifting to Hausa.,bib68,no 10445-context-2,10445,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Speakers are shifting to Hausa.,bib100,yes -10445-location-1,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6877,no -10445-location-2,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""North East State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6879,no -10445-location-3,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Province, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Pa’awa are among the major tribes. They occupy the villages of Tiffi, Guda, Ari, and some parts of Kafin Zaki and Kwalangwadi.”",bib3996,no -10445-location-4,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.066391, 9.62617]]}",,"“Pa'anci is a Chadic (Afro-Asiatic) language spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians living in an area south and west of Ningi in the present Bauchi State of Nigeria. The largest of the Pa'a villages is Tiffi, immediately southwest of Ningi, but the villages of Guda, Ari, Tabala and Rabina are predominantly inhabited by Pa'anci speak­ers, with others in Kwarangwacci, Kafin Zaki, Kalasu, Zakara, Wushi, Zida, Njaken, Kuoera, Kici, Bunga, Gada, and Ningi itself.""",bib6875,no +10445-location-1,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6901,no +10445-location-2,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""North East State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib6903,no +10445-location-3,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Province, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Pa’awa are among the major tribes. They occupy the villages of Tiffi, Guda, Ari, and some parts of Kafin Zaki and Kwalangwadi.”",bib4016,no +10445-location-4,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.066391, 9.62617]]}",,"“Pa'anci is a Chadic (Afro-Asiatic) language spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians living in an area south and west of Ningi in the present Bauchi State of Nigeria. The largest of the Pa'a villages is Tiffi, immediately southwest of Ningi, but the villages of Guda, Ari, Tabala and Rabina are predominantly inhabited by Pa'anci speak­ers, with others in Kwarangwacci, Kafin Zaki, Kalasu, Zakara, Wushi, Zida, Njaken, Kuoera, Kici, Bunga, Gada, and Ningi itself.""",bib6899,no 10445-location-5,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningi and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib68,no -10445-location-6,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningi and Darazo Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no +10445-location-6,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningi and Darazo Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no 10445-location-7,10445,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningi and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.066538, 9.567203], [10.315676, 9.844522]]}",,,bib100,yes -10445-speaker_number-1,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“Pa’a, called fuucəka by speakers of the language, is spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians concentrated in eight villages southeast of Ningi, Bauchi State.""",bib6877,no -10445-speakers-1,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“Pa’a, called fuucəka by speakers of the language, is spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians concentrated in eight villages southeast of Ningi, Bauchi State.""",bib6877,no -10445-speaker_number-2,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“The Pa’a language is a member of the North Bauchi Chadic group spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians in about eight villages to the south, east and west of Ningi, North East State.""",bib6879,no -10445-speakers-2,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“The Pa’a language is a member of the North Bauchi Chadic group spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians in about eight villages to the south, east and west of Ningi, North East State.""",bib6879,no -10445-speaker_number-3,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“There is some non-linguistic, ethnographic material on the Pa'a to be found in Gunn and Temple…Their population estimates are at some variance with my own, indicating a decline from Temple's 1915 estimate of 10,010 to the Native Authority Tribal Census (Bauchi Division) of 1949- 50, which showed a Pa'a population of merely 2,236, though Gunn later admits that census to be highly inac­curate, probably limited to tax-paying adult males.”",bib6875,no -10445-speakers-3,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“There is some non-linguistic, ethnographic material on the Pa'a to be found in Gunn and Temple…Their population estimates are at some variance with my own, indicating a decline from Temple's 1915 estimate of 10,010 to the Native Authority Tribal Census (Bauchi Division) of 1949- 50, which showed a Pa'a population of merely 2,236, though Gunn later admits that census to be highly inac­curate, probably limited to tax-paying adult males.”",bib6875,no +10445-speaker_number-1,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“Pa’a, called fuucəka by speakers of the language, is spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians concentrated in eight villages southeast of Ningi, Bauchi State.""",bib6901,no +10445-speakers-1,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“Pa’a, called fuucəka by speakers of the language, is spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians concentrated in eight villages southeast of Ningi, Bauchi State.""",bib6901,no +10445-speaker_number-2,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“The Pa’a language is a member of the North Bauchi Chadic group spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians in about eight villages to the south, east and west of Ningi, North East State.""",bib6903,no +10445-speakers-2,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“The Pa’a language is a member of the North Bauchi Chadic group spoken by some 20,000 Nigerians in about eight villages to the south, east and west of Ningi, North East State.""",bib6903,no +10445-speaker_number-3,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"“There is some non-linguistic, ethnographic material on the Pa'a to be found in Gunn and Temple…Their population estimates are at some variance with my own, indicating a decline from Temple's 1915 estimate of 10,010 to the Native Authority Tribal Census (Bauchi Division) of 1949- 50, which showed a Pa'a population of merely 2,236, though Gunn later admits that census to be highly inac­curate, probably limited to tax-paying adult males.”",bib6899,no +10445-speakers-3,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"“There is some non-linguistic, ethnographic material on the Pa'a to be found in Gunn and Temple…Their population estimates are at some variance with my own, indicating a decline from Temple's 1915 estimate of 10,010 to the Native Authority Tribal Census (Bauchi Division) of 1949- 50, which showed a Pa'a population of merely 2,236, though Gunn later admits that census to be highly inac­curate, probably limited to tax-paying adult males.”",bib6899,no 10445-speaker_number-4,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,no 10445-speakers-4,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,no -10445-speaker_number-5,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,500 (LA 1971); 20,000 (Skinner, 1977)",bib981,no -10445-speakers-5,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"8,500 (LA 1971); 20,000 (Skinner, 1977)",bib981,no +10445-speaker_number-5,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,500 (LA 1971); 20,000 (Skinner, 1977)",bib985,no +10445-speakers-5,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"8,500 (LA 1971); 20,000 (Skinner, 1977)",bib985,no 10445-speaker_number-6,10445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib100,yes 10445-speakers-6,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib100,yes -10445-speaker_number-7,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6878,no -10445-speakers-7,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6878,no -10445-LEI-1,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6877,no -10445-vitality-1,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6877,no -10445-LEI-2,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6879,no -10445-vitality-2,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6879,no -10445-LEI-3,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6875,no -10445-vitality-3,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6875,no +10445-speaker_number-7,10445,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6902,no +10445-speakers-7,10445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6902,no +10445-LEI-1,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6901,no +10445-vitality-1,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6901,no +10445-LEI-2,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6903,no +10445-vitality-2,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6903,no +10445-LEI-3,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6899,no +10445-vitality-3,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6899,no 10445-LEI-4,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 10445-vitality-4,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -10445-LEI-5,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10445-vitality-5,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no +10445-LEI-5,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10445-vitality-5,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no 10445-LEI-6,10445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib100,yes 10445-vitality-6,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib100,yes -10445-LEI-7,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6878,no -10445-vitality-7,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6878,no -10450-context-1,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1019,no -10450-context-2,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"“Locally, Dyarim is considered to be a language that has ‘nearly gone’. Hausaisation is proceeding apace and some households now do not speak the language at all.""",bib1018,yes -10450-context-3,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Giving way to Hausa.,bib994,no -10450-context-4,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, Izere, Tunzu, Loro""}",,Threatened by switch to Hausa.,bib981,no -10450-location-1,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"On the edge of Izere land, squeezed between the Izere (Plateau) and the Tunzu (Eastern Kainji) are an isolated group of people locally known as the Kaiwari... Their settlements are about 7 km. south of Toro town in Toro LGA with a map reference of N10° 02, E 9° 04.",bib1019,no -10450-location-2,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"“The settlements of the Dyarim are about 6 km. south of Toro town, in Toro LGA, and the map reference of their main settlement, Fadagoshi is N 10° 02, E 9° 04.”",bib1018,yes -10450-location-3,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib994,no -10450-location-4,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"Their main settlement is about 7 km. south of Toro town in Toro LGA (N10 ̊ 02, E 9 ̊ 04).",bib981,no -10450-speakers-1,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,I estimated that there are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarum and of those only a limited number speak the language well.,bib1019,no -10450-speaker_number-2,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarim and of those only a limited number (? 100) speak the language well.,bib1018,yes -10450-speakers-2,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarim and of those only a limited number (? 100) speak the language well.,bib1018,yes -10450-speaker_number-3,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Ca. 100 fluent speakers.,bib994,no -10450-speakers-3,10450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Ca. 100 fluent speakers.,bib994,no -10450-speaker_number-4,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"ca. 2000 ethnic Dyarim with a fraction speaking the language well, i.e. ca. 100.",bib981,no -10450-speakers-4,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"ca. 2000 ethnic Dyarim with a fraction speaking the language well, i.e. ca. 100.",bib981,no -10450-LEI-1,10450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1019,no -10450-transmission-1,10450,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1019,no -10450-speaker_number_trends-1,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1019,no -10450-vitality-1,10450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1019,no -10450-LEI-2,10450,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1018,yes -10450-transmission-2,10450,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1018,yes -10450-speaker_number_trends-2,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1018,yes -10450-vitality-2,10450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1018,yes -10450-LEI-3,10450,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,no -10450-vitality-3,10450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,no -10450-LEI-4,10450,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10450-speaker_number_trends-4,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib981,no -10450-vitality-4,10450,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib981,no +10445-LEI-7,10445,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6902,no +10445-vitality-7,10445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6902,no +10450-context-1,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1023,no +10450-context-2,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"“Locally, Dyarim is considered to be a language that has ‘nearly gone’. Hausaisation is proceeding apace and some households now do not speak the language at all.""",bib1022,yes +10450-context-3,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Giving way to Hausa.,bib998,no +10450-context-4,10450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, Izere, Tunzu, Loro""}",,Threatened by switch to Hausa.,bib985,no +10450-location-1,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"On the edge of Izere land, squeezed between the Izere (Plateau) and the Tunzu (Eastern Kainji) are an isolated group of people locally known as the Kaiwari... Their settlements are about 7 km. south of Toro town in Toro LGA with a map reference of N10° 02, E 9° 04.",bib1023,no +10450-location-2,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"“The settlements of the Dyarim are about 6 km. south of Toro town, in Toro LGA, and the map reference of their main settlement, Fadagoshi is N 10° 02, E 9° 04.”",bib1022,yes +10450-location-3,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib998,no +10450-location-4,10450,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.066667]]}",,"Their main settlement is about 7 km. south of Toro town in Toro LGA (N10 ̊ 02, E 9 ̊ 04).",bib985,no +10450-speakers-1,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,I estimated that there are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarum and of those only a limited number speak the language well.,bib1023,no +10450-speaker_number-2,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarim and of those only a limited number (? 100) speak the language well.,bib1022,yes +10450-speakers-2,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are probably 2000 ethnic Dyarim and of those only a limited number (? 100) speak the language well.,bib1022,yes +10450-speaker_number-3,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Ca. 100 fluent speakers.,bib998,no +10450-speakers-3,10450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Ca. 100 fluent speakers.,bib998,no +10450-speaker_number-4,10450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"ca. 2000 ethnic Dyarim with a fraction speaking the language well, i.e. ca. 100.",bib985,no +10450-speakers-4,10450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"ca. 2000 ethnic Dyarim with a fraction speaking the language well, i.e. ca. 100.",bib985,no +10450-LEI-1,10450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1023,no +10450-transmission-1,10450,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1023,no +10450-speaker_number_trends-1,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1023,no +10450-vitality-1,10450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1023,no +10450-LEI-2,10450,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1022,yes +10450-transmission-2,10450,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1022,yes +10450-speaker_number_trends-2,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1022,yes +10450-vitality-2,10450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""The chief himself does not have a fluent command of Dyàrìm Tə́ and none of the young people present at the meeting could speak it. Nonetheless, the older informants have remained fluent and perhaps the language is still commonly spoken in isolated hamlets. But there is no doubt that it is very endangered.”",bib1022,yes +10450-LEI-3,10450,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no +10450-vitality-3,10450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,no +10450-LEI-4,10450,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10450-speaker_number_trends-4,10450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib985,no +10450-vitality-4,10450,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib985,no 10451-context-1,10451,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Formal situation, daily use""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""almost none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers perceive their language as less prestigious, so they often switch to Indonesian to create their identity such as being educated or come from the city."", ""Institutional Support"": ""almost none""}",,Indonesian is the national language and has been strongly imposed in many of the domains,bib108,no -10451-location-1,10451,location,"{""Places"": [""Lombok Island, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.583333, 116.116667]]}",,,bib1061,yes -10451-speaker_number-1,10451,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1061,yes -10451-speakers-1,10451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1061,yes +10451-location-1,10451,location,"{""Places"": [""Lombok Island, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.583333, 116.116667]]}",,,bib1065,yes +10451-speaker_number-1,10451,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1065,yes +10451-speakers-1,10451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1065,yes 10451-speaker_number-2,10451,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib108,no 10451-speakers-2,10451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""The recent earthquakes (2018) killed approximately 400 speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib108,no -10451-LEI-1,10451,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1061,yes -10451-vitality-1,10451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1061,yes +10451-LEI-1,10451,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1065,yes +10451-vitality-1,10451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1065,yes 10451-LEI-2,10451,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Sasak does not use in office or school as well as media,bib108,no 10451-transmission-2,10451,transmission,1,transmission-1,Sasak does not use in office or school as well as media,bib108,no 10451-domains_of_use-2,10451,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Sasak does not use in office or school as well as media,bib108,no 10451-speaker_number_trends-2,10451,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Sasak does not use in office or school as well as media,bib108,no 10451-vitality-2,10451,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Sasak does not use in office or school as well as media,bib108,no -10452-context-1,10452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1515,yes -10452-location-1,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Dyarim say that their language is closest to Danshe, which would be logical, as the Danshe are another Chadic group on the edge of Izere territory…”",bib1018,no -10452-location-2,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no -10452-location-3,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,yes -10452-location-4,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1518,no -10452-location-5,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.05, 9.283333]]}",,,bib1519,no +10452-context-1,10452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1527,yes +10452-location-1,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Dyarim say that their language is closest to Danshe, which would be logical, as the Danshe are another Chadic group on the edge of Izere territory…”",bib1022,no +10452-location-2,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no +10452-location-3,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,yes +10452-location-4,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1530,no +10452-location-5,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.05, 9.283333]]}",,,bib1531,no 10452-location-6,10452,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Spoken in Bauchi State, Toro LGA",bib100,no -10452-speaker_number-1,10452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Danshe
 [is] extinct (Caron 2005); Chaari [has a] ‘few hundred’ speakers (Caron 2005).,bib981,no -10452-speakers-1,10452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Danshe
 [is] extinct (Caron 2005); Chaari [has a] ‘few hundred’ speakers (Caron 2005).,bib981,no -10452-speaker_number-2,10452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari), moins de dix pour certaines langues moribondes (Luri, Zumbul), alors que les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.",bib1515,yes -10452-speakers-2,10452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari), moins de dix pour certaines langues moribondes (Luri, Zumbul), alors que les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.",bib1515,yes -10452-LEI-1,10452,LEI,Dormant (),,Zeem/Tule/Danshe - These languages are probably extinct (Caron p.c. 2005),bib994,no -10452-vitality-1,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Zeem/Tule/Danshe - These languages are probably extinct (Caron p.c. 2005),bib994,no -10452-LEI-2,10452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10452-vitality-2,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10452-LEI-3,10452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,yes -10452-vitality-3,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,yes -10453-location-1,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib994,no -10453-location-2,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,yes -10453-location-3,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,no -10453-location-4,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,spoken in the south of the Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1518,no +10452-speaker_number-1,10452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Danshe
 [is] extinct (Caron 2005); Chaari [has a] ‘few hundred’ speakers (Caron 2005).,bib985,no +10452-speakers-1,10452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Danshe
 [is] extinct (Caron 2005); Chaari [has a] ‘few hundred’ speakers (Caron 2005).,bib985,no +10452-speaker_number-2,10452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari), moins de dix pour certaines langues moribondes (Luri, Zumbul), alors que les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.",bib1527,yes +10452-speakers-2,10452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari), moins de dix pour certaines langues moribondes (Luri, Zumbul), alors que les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.",bib1527,yes +10452-LEI-1,10452,LEI,Dormant (),,Zeem/Tule/Danshe - These languages are probably extinct (Caron p.c. 2005),bib998,no +10452-vitality-1,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Zeem/Tule/Danshe - These languages are probably extinct (Caron p.c. 2005),bib998,no +10452-LEI-2,10452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10452-vitality-2,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10452-LEI-3,10452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes +10452-vitality-3,10452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes +10453-location-1,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib998,no +10453-location-2,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,yes +10453-location-3,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,no +10453-location-4,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,spoken in the south of the Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1530,no 10453-location-5,10453,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib100,no -10453-speakers-1,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib994,no -10453-speakers-2,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,,bib981,yes -10453-speakers-3,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1515,no -10453-speakers-5,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1516,no -10453-LEI-1,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Zeem/Tule/Danshe: These languages are probably extint (Caron p.c. 2005),bib994,no -10453-vitality-1,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Zeem/Tule/Danshe: These languages are probably extint (Caron p.c. 2005),bib994,no -10453-LEI-2,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct (Caron 2005).,bib981,yes -10453-vitality-2,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct (Caron 2005).,bib981,yes -10453-LEI-3,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1515,no -10453-vitality-3,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1515,no -10453-LEI-5,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1516,no -10453-vitality-5,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1516,no -10454-context-1,10454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"""Language retention among the Sakha is high – according to the 2002 population census, approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language, and only approximately 87% know Russian; among the rural population this figure is even lower, with only approximately 83% of the Sakha claiming a knowledge of Russian (Federal’naja služba gosudarstvennoj statistiki 2004: 19, 24, 113, 130).... In Sakha rural settlements, older people are sometimes still monolingual Sakha speakers, as are children under school age, notwithstanding the fact that often the only television channels that can be received in such settlements are Russian (personal observation)."" (p.2)",bib5729,yes -10454-location-1,10454,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.3496, 130.8691]]}",,,bib5307,no -10454-location-2,10454,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian""], ""Description"": ""the autonomous Republic Sakha (Yakutia)""}",,,bib5729,yes -10454-speaker_number-1,10454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -10454-speakers-1,10454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""456288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +10453-speakers-1,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib998,no +10453-speakers-2,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,,bib985,yes +10453-speakers-3,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1527,no +10453-speakers-5,10453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1528,no +10453-LEI-1,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Zeem/Tule/Danshe: These languages are probably extint (Caron p.c. 2005),bib998,no +10453-vitality-1,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Zeem/Tule/Danshe: These languages are probably extint (Caron p.c. 2005),bib998,no +10453-LEI-2,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct (Caron 2005).,bib985,yes +10453-vitality-2,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct (Caron 2005).,bib985,yes +10453-LEI-3,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1527,no +10453-vitality-3,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1527,no +10453-LEI-5,10453,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1528,no +10453-vitality-5,10453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1528,no +10454-context-1,10454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"""Language retention among the Sakha is high – according to the 2002 population census, approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language, and only approximately 87% know Russian; among the rural population this figure is even lower, with only approximately 83% of the Sakha claiming a knowledge of Russian (Federal’naja služba gosudarstvennoj statistiki 2004: 19, 24, 113, 130).... In Sakha rural settlements, older people are sometimes still monolingual Sakha speakers, as are children under school age, notwithstanding the fact that often the only television channels that can be received in such settlements are Russian (personal observation)."" (p.2)",bib5753,yes +10454-location-1,10454,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.3496, 130.8691]]}",,,bib5330,no +10454-location-2,10454,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian""], ""Description"": ""the autonomous Republic Sakha (Yakutia)""}",,,bib5753,yes +10454-speaker_number-1,10454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +10454-speakers-1,10454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""456288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 10454-speakers-2,10454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""406126"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,,bib179,no -10454-speaker_number-3,10454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5729,yes -10454-speakers-3,10454,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""443,852"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""456288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5729,yes -10454-LEI-1,10454,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10454-vitality-1,10454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -10454-LEI-2,10454,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5729,yes -10454-transmission-2,10454,transmission,1,transmission-1,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5729,yes -10454-vitality-2,10454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5729,yes -10455-context-1,10455,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Uyghur; Tibetan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive (the Salar are Muslims)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Only a few old monolinguals in the Salar-speaking villages; For middle-aged Salar speakers, those who live in Xinjiang also speak Uyghur and those who live in Gansu also speak Tibetan. Given the increasing importance of Mandarin and the high literacy rate, younger Salar speakers are predominantly bilingual in (local) Mandarin and Salar, and their Salar is heavily influenced by local Mandarin.",bib4803,yes -10455-location-1,10455,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Hualong Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province, and Dongxiang Salar Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District of Gansu Province; an old \u00e9migr\u00e9 community in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Sinkiang (Xinjiang)"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.2752, 102.4584]]}",,,bib5307,no -10455-location-2,10455,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gansu and Xinjiang provinces""}",,"Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Hualong Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province (青海省循化撒拉族自治縣、化隆縣), and Dongxiang Salar Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District of Gansu Province (甘肅省積石山保安族東鄉族撒拉族自治縣); the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang (新疆伊寧縣)",bib4803,yes -10455-speakers-1,10455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""104503"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census""}",,,bib5307,no -10455-speaker_number-2,10455,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4803,yes -10455-speakers-2,10455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""104500 (2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""95000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4803,yes -10455-LEI-1,10455,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4803,yes -10455-transmission-1,10455,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4803,yes -10455-domains_of_use-1,10455,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4803,yes -10455-speaker_number_trends-1,10455,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4803,yes -10455-vitality-1,10455,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4803,yes +10454-speaker_number-3,10454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5753,yes +10454-speakers-3,10454,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""443,852"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""456288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5753,yes +10454-LEI-1,10454,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10454-vitality-1,10454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +10454-LEI-2,10454,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5753,yes +10454-transmission-2,10454,transmission,1,transmission-1,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5753,yes +10454-vitality-2,10454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,approximately 93% of Sakha know their heritage language,bib5753,yes +10455-context-1,10455,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Uyghur; Tibetan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive (the Salar are Muslims)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Only a few old monolinguals in the Salar-speaking villages; For middle-aged Salar speakers, those who live in Xinjiang also speak Uyghur and those who live in Gansu also speak Tibetan. Given the increasing importance of Mandarin and the high literacy rate, younger Salar speakers are predominantly bilingual in (local) Mandarin and Salar, and their Salar is heavily influenced by local Mandarin.",bib4825,yes +10455-location-1,10455,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Hualong Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province, and Dongxiang Salar Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District of Gansu Province; an old \u00e9migr\u00e9 community in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Sinkiang (Xinjiang)"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.2752, 102.4584]]}",,,bib5330,no +10455-location-2,10455,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gansu and Xinjiang provinces""}",,"Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Hualong Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province (青海省循化撒拉族自治縣、化隆縣), and Dongxiang Salar Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District of Gansu Province (甘肅省積石山保安族東鄉族撒拉族自治縣); the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang (新疆伊寧縣)",bib4825,yes +10455-speakers-1,10455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""104503"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census""}",,,bib5330,no +10455-speaker_number-2,10455,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4825,yes +10455-speakers-2,10455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""104500 (2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""95000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4825,yes +10455-LEI-1,10455,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4825,yes +10455-transmission-1,10455,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4825,yes +10455-domains_of_use-1,10455,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4825,yes +10455-speaker_number_trends-1,10455,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4825,yes +10455-vitality-1,10455,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Salar who live in metropolitan areas don't speak Salar, and their children acquire Chinese languages (either Mandarin or local lingua franca) as their first/native language. Most Salar speakers living in villages are educated in Mandarin; hence they are bilingual in Salar and Chinese languages. They also code-switch a lot between Salar and Chinese.",bib4825,yes 10457-context-1,10457,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Filipino [fil]""}",,Many also use Filipino [fil] in the home.,bib69,yes 10457-location-1,10457,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""North Mindoro island, Mindoro Occidental Province, Paluan, Abra de Ilog, northern Mamburao, and Santa Cruz municipalities; Mindoro Oriental Province, Puerto Galera and San Teadoro municipalities."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.3, 120.9]]}",,,bib69,yes 10457-speaker_number-1,10457,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(OMF),bib69,yes @@ -1010,121 +1010,121 @@ Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bi 10457-LEI-1,10457,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10457-vitality-1,10457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10458-context-1,10458,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilocano""}",,Basic proficiency in Ilocano [ilo].,bib69,no -10458-context-2,10458,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog, Ilocano"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Language and culture revitalization is being carried out by different Isinay associations in Nueva Vizcaya as a primary means to avert disen-franchisement of the Isinay. Some of these organizations are the Uhmun si Tribun Isinai(Aritao), Bona si Isinai (Dupax del Sur), and the Bambang Isinay Tribe. These form the Isinai Federation of Nueva Vizcaya formed in late 2008 (Cruz 2010: 3–4). Recently, the Isinay Advocates, a group of volunteers formed in 2012 also helps in the revitalization of language and culture of the Isinay.",bib4539,yes +10458-context-2,10458,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog, Ilocano"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Language and culture revitalization is being carried out by different Isinay associations in Nueva Vizcaya as a primary means to avert disen-franchisement of the Isinay. Some of these organizations are the Uhmun si Tribun Isinai(Aritao), Bona si Isinai (Dupax del Sur), and the Bambang Isinay Tribe. These form the Isinai Federation of Nueva Vizcaya formed in late 2008 (Cruz 2010: 3–4). Recently, the Isinay Advocates, a group of volunteers formed in 2012 also helps in the revitalization of language and culture of the Isinay.",bib4560,yes 10458-location-1,10458,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Luzon, Nueva Vizcaya Province, Bambang, Dupax, and Aritao municipalities."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.3, 121.1]]}",,,bib69,no -10458-location-2,10458,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""the municipalities of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax de Sur, Aritao and Bambang""}",,,bib4539,yes +10458-location-2,10458,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""the municipalities of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax de Sur, Aritao and Bambang""}",,,bib4560,yes 10458-speaker_number-1,10458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10458-speakers-1,10458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10458-speakers-2,10458,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12528"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012 (Ancestral Domain Areas Census Report)""}",,"Currently, Isinay is not only considered as “threatened” (Lewis et al. 2015), but as “severely endangered” (Cruz 2010) with only a small percentage of the current population still speaking the language. These are concentrated in the three towns of Dupax del Sur (8,988 individuals), Bambang (2,098 individuals), and Aritao (1,442 individuals), data from the 2012 Ancestral Domain Areas Census Report.",bib4539,yes +10458-speakers-2,10458,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12528"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012 (Ancestral Domain Areas Census Report)""}",,"Currently, Isinay is not only considered as “threatened” (Lewis et al. 2015), but as “severely endangered” (Cruz 2010) with only a small percentage of the current population still speaking the language. These are concentrated in the three towns of Dupax del Sur (8,988 individuals), Bambang (2,098 individuals), and Aritao (1,442 individuals), data from the 2012 Ancestral Domain Areas Census Report.",bib4560,yes 10458-LEI-1,10458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10458-vitality-1,10458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10458-LEI-2,10458,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4539,yes -10458-transmission-2,10458,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4539,yes -10458-domains_of_use-2,10458,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4539,yes -10458-speaker_number_trends-2,10458,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4539,yes -10458-vitality-2,10458,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4539,yes -10461-location-1,10461,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Departments of Corr\u00e9ze, Haute-Vienne, and Creuse in the Limousin region; department of Dordogne in the Aquitaine region; department of Charente in the Poitou-Charentes region."", ""Coordinates"": [[46.0579, 1.8017]]}",,,bib5307,yes -10461-speaker_number-1,10461,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Rough estimate based on various sources, perhaps grossly inflated; the Ethnologue figure of 10,000 does not seem possible though."" (Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version: http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas)",bib5307,yes -10461-speakers-1,10461,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Rough estimate based on various sources, perhaps grossly inflated; the Ethnologue figure of 10,000 does not seem possible though."" (Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version: http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas)",bib5307,yes -10461-LEI-1,10461,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -10461-vitality-1,10461,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +10458-LEI-2,10458,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4560,yes +10458-transmission-2,10458,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4560,yes +10458-domains_of_use-2,10458,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4560,yes +10458-speaker_number_trends-2,10458,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4560,yes +10458-vitality-2,10458,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Dupax, for example, it has been reported that most of the young generation Isinay no longer speak the language and often utter sentences in Tagalog or Ilokano, the dominant languages in Dupax del Sur and Bambang respectively, interspersed only with a few Isinay words (Castro 2013: 2, Cruz 2010: 2). In Aritao, not more than 100 mostly old Isinay speak the language (Cruz 2010: 2), mostly living in barangays Payao and Uruddu (Gatan 1997: 110).",bib4560,yes +10461-location-1,10461,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Departments of Corr\u00e9ze, Haute-Vienne, and Creuse in the Limousin region; department of Dordogne in the Aquitaine region; department of Charente in the Poitou-Charentes region."", ""Coordinates"": [[46.0579, 1.8017]]}",,,bib5330,yes +10461-speaker_number-1,10461,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Rough estimate based on various sources, perhaps grossly inflated; the Ethnologue figure of 10,000 does not seem possible though."" (Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version: http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas)",bib5330,yes +10461-speakers-1,10461,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Rough estimate based on various sources, perhaps grossly inflated; the Ethnologue figure of 10,000 does not seem possible though."" (Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. Paris, UNESCO Publishing. Online version: http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas)",bib5330,yes +10461-LEI-1,10461,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +10461-vitality-1,10461,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 10462-location-1,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib100,no -10462-location-2,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.059639, 9.07063]]}",,,bib981,no -10462-location-3,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,“the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria)”,bib1516,yes -10462-location-4,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1518,no -10462-speakers-1,10462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1516,yes -10462-LEI-1,10462,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1516,yes -10462-vitality-1,10462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1516,yes -10463-context-1,10463,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dir, Hausa""}",,"""They communicate in Lang’as and Dir, with Hausa as their trade language.”",bib5633,no -10463-location-1,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,yes -10463-location-2,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1516,no -10463-location-3,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1518,no -10463-location-4,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Langas village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.17, 9.83]]}",,,bib1514,no -10463-location-5,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Lang'as village, Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The Lang’as people live in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State. Their only village is Lang’as.,bib5633,no -10463-speaker_number-1,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib981,yes -10463-speakers-1,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib981,yes -10463-speaker_number-2,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Severely endangered with less than 1000 speakers.,bib1516,no -10463-speakers-2,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Severely endangered with less than 1000 speakers.,bib1516,no -10463-speaker_number-3,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1518,no -10463-speakers-3,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1518,no -10463-speaker_number-4,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All together they are about 400.,bib5633,no -10463-speakers-4,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All together they are about 400.,bib5633,no -10463-LEI-1,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,yes -10463-vitality-1,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,yes -10463-LEI-2,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1516,no -10463-vitality-2,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1516,no -10463-LEI-3,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1518,no -10463-vitality-3,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1518,no -10463-LEI-4,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5633,no -10463-vitality-4,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5633,no -10464-context-1,10464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"There is, obviously, an issue with younger speakers switching to Hausa, but the language seems to be surprisingly free of Hausa loanwords.",bib982,yes -10464-context-2,10464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"""Hausa is their trade language and a few speak English.”",bib5633,no -10464-location-1,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Zul village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zul is... mainly spoken in Zul village near Zaranda Mountain in Nigeria. The language is also spoken in four Zulawa settlement areas (houses) around Tashan-Durmi, Zaranda, Tintin and Wom villages in Toro Local Government Area of Bauchi State in Nigeria.",bib2941,no -10464-location-2,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs [...] 15 villages (2007)",bib981,no -10464-location-3,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zul is spoken in some fifteen villages in Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs [:] Zul
, Zulgami
, Dafasu, 
Nasira
, Tudun Wada Baraya, Vum, 
Kadage, Nahuda Tintin, Tintin, Unguwar Rogo, Hakayashi, Bimiya
, Balkeri
, Kobonka, Ungwan Wombai",bib982,yes -10464-location-4,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.2, 9.566667]]}",,,bib1519,no -10464-location-5,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Zull village, Toro Local Government Area, Nigeria""]}",,"""[The Zull people] have only one town called Zull, and other scattered compounds called Kummi, grouped by family or clan lineages... Zull is on the Jos-Bauchi road.”",bib5633,no -10464-speaker_number-1,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,400 (LA 1971)",bib981,no -10464-speakers-1,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,400 (LA 1971)",bib981,no -10464-speaker_number-2,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Zul was reported in older sources to be dying out and to have very few speakers. However, this appears to be wrong. There are both more speakers and the language more lively than previously thought. The number of speakers varies considerably from one source to another, but is probably about 4000.",bib982,yes -10464-speakers-2,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Zul was reported in older sources to be dying out and to have very few speakers. However, this appears to be wrong. There are both more speakers and the language more lively than previously thought. The number of speakers varies considerably from one source to another, but is probably about 4000.",bib982,yes -10464-speaker_number-3,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The about 2,000 Zull people live in Toro LGA.",bib5633,no -10464-speakers-3,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The about 2,000 Zull people live in Toro LGA.",bib5633,no -10464-LEI-1,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10464-vitality-1,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10464-LEI-2,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite earlier reports that [Zul] was declining, it seems to be thriving.",bib982,yes -10464-vitality-2,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Despite earlier reports that [Zul] was declining, it seems to be thriving.",bib982,yes -10464-LEI-3,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5633,no -10464-vitality-3,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5633,no -10465-context-1,10465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1515,yes -10465-context-2,10465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Hausa is used as the trade language.,bib5633,no -10465-location-1,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs",bib981,no -10465-location-2,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,yes -10465-location-4,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.208333, 9.708333]]}",,,bib1519,no -10465-location-5,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1516,no -10465-location-6,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Dir and Baram Dutse villages, Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“Dir is a small tribe of about 800 people found in Bauchi Local Government of Bauchi State... No Dir person is living outside the village... The entire village migrated to the present site of Dir village because water was even scarcer in the former place... The Baram-Dutse live in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State. All of them (about 250), live in their village.""",bib5633,no -10465-speaker_number-1,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,a few hundred (Caron 2005),bib981,no -10465-speakers-1,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,a few hundred (Caron 2005),bib981,no -10465-speaker_number-2,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10465-speakers-2,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10465-speaker_number-3,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,[Their population is] less than 600.,bib1518,no -10465-speakers-3,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,[Their population is] less than 600.,bib1518,no -10465-speaker_number-4,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"less than 1,000 speakers",bib1516,no -10465-speakers-4,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"less than 1,000 speakers",bib1516,no -10465-speaker_number-5,10465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Dir - about 800; Baram Dutse - about 250,bib5633,no -10465-speakers-5,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Dir - about 800; Baram Dutse - about 250,bib5633,no -10465-LEI-1,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10465-vitality-1,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10465-LEI-2,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,yes -10465-vitality-2,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,yes -10465-LEI-3,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1518,no -10465-vitality-3,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1518,no -10465-LEI-4,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,severely endangered,bib1516,no -10465-vitality-4,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,severely endangered,bib1516,no -10465-LEI-5,10465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5633,no -10465-vitality-5,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5633,no -10466-context-1,10466,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Zaar""}",,"""They speak Buli and use Hausa as a trade language. A few speak Sayanchi.”",bib5633,no -10466-location-1,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,yes -10466-location-2,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeri""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1516,no -10466-location-3,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1518,no -10466-location-4,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.233333, 9.783333]]}",,,bib1519,no -10466-location-5,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Dass Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The approximately 4,000 Buli live in Bauchi and Dass LGAs of Bauchi State.""",bib5633,no -10466-speaker_number-1,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib981,yes -10466-speakers-1,10466,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"600 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib981,yes -10466-speaker_number-2,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"severely endangered with less than 1,000 speakers",bib1516,no -10466-speakers-2,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"severely endangered with less than 1,000 speakers",bib1516,no -10466-speaker_number-3,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,less than 600,bib1518,no -10466-speakers-3,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,less than 600,bib1518,no -10466-speaker_number-4,10466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"approximately 4,000",bib5633,no -10466-speakers-4,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"approximately 4,000",bib5633,no -10466-LEI-1,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,yes -10466-vitality-1,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,yes -10466-LEI-2,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1516,no -10466-vitality-2,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1516,no -10466-LEI-3,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1518,no -10466-vitality-3,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1518,no -10466-LEI-4,10466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5633,no -10466-vitality-4,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5633,no +10462-location-2,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.059639, 9.07063]]}",,,bib985,no +10462-location-3,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,“the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria)”,bib1528,yes +10462-location-4,10462,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1530,no +10462-speakers-1,10462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1528,yes +10462-LEI-1,10462,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1528,yes +10462-vitality-1,10462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1528,yes +10463-context-1,10463,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dir, Hausa""}",,"""They communicate in Lang’as and Dir, with Hausa as their trade language.”",bib5657,no +10463-location-1,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,yes +10463-location-2,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1528,no +10463-location-3,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1530,no +10463-location-4,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Langas village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.17, 9.83]]}",,,bib1526,no +10463-location-5,10463,location,"{""Places"": [""Lang'as village, Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,The Lang’as people live in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State. Their only village is Lang’as.,bib5657,no +10463-speaker_number-1,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib985,yes +10463-speakers-1,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib985,yes +10463-speaker_number-2,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Severely endangered with less than 1000 speakers.,bib1528,no +10463-speakers-2,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Severely endangered with less than 1000 speakers.,bib1528,no +10463-speaker_number-3,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1530,no +10463-speakers-3,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1530,no +10463-speaker_number-4,10463,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All together they are about 400.,bib5657,no +10463-speakers-4,10463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All together they are about 400.,bib5657,no +10463-LEI-1,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,yes +10463-vitality-1,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,yes +10463-LEI-2,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1528,no +10463-vitality-2,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1528,no +10463-LEI-3,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1530,no +10463-vitality-3,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1530,no +10463-LEI-4,10463,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5657,no +10463-vitality-4,10463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5657,no +10464-context-1,10464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"There is, obviously, an issue with younger speakers switching to Hausa, but the language seems to be surprisingly free of Hausa loanwords.",bib986,yes +10464-context-2,10464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"""Hausa is their trade language and a few speak English.”",bib5657,no +10464-location-1,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Zul village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zul is... mainly spoken in Zul village near Zaranda Mountain in Nigeria. The language is also spoken in four Zulawa settlement areas (houses) around Tashan-Durmi, Zaranda, Tintin and Wom villages in Toro Local Government Area of Bauchi State in Nigeria.",bib2955,no +10464-location-2,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs [...] 15 villages (2007)",bib985,no +10464-location-3,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Zul is spoken in some fifteen villages in Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs [:] Zul
, Zulgami
, Dafasu, 
Nasira
, Tudun Wada Baraya, Vum, 
Kadage, Nahuda Tintin, Tintin, Unguwar Rogo, Hakayashi, Bimiya
, Balkeri
, Kobonka, Ungwan Wombai",bib986,yes +10464-location-4,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.2, 9.566667]]}",,,bib1531,no +10464-location-5,10464,location,"{""Places"": [""Zull village, Toro Local Government Area, Nigeria""]}",,"""[The Zull people] have only one town called Zull, and other scattered compounds called Kummi, grouped by family or clan lineages... Zull is on the Jos-Bauchi road.”",bib5657,no +10464-speaker_number-1,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,400 (LA 1971)",bib985,no +10464-speakers-1,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,400 (LA 1971)",bib985,no +10464-speaker_number-2,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Zul was reported in older sources to be dying out and to have very few speakers. However, this appears to be wrong. There are both more speakers and the language more lively than previously thought. The number of speakers varies considerably from one source to another, but is probably about 4000.",bib986,yes +10464-speakers-2,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Zul was reported in older sources to be dying out and to have very few speakers. However, this appears to be wrong. There are both more speakers and the language more lively than previously thought. The number of speakers varies considerably from one source to another, but is probably about 4000.",bib986,yes +10464-speaker_number-3,10464,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The about 2,000 Zull people live in Toro LGA.",bib5657,no +10464-speakers-3,10464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The about 2,000 Zull people live in Toro LGA.",bib5657,no +10464-LEI-1,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10464-vitality-1,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10464-LEI-2,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite earlier reports that [Zul] was declining, it seems to be thriving.",bib986,yes +10464-vitality-2,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Despite earlier reports that [Zul] was declining, it seems to be thriving.",bib986,yes +10464-LEI-3,10464,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5657,no +10464-vitality-3,10464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5657,no +10465-context-1,10465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1527,yes +10465-context-2,10465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Hausa is used as the trade language.,bib5657,no +10465-location-1,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Bauchi and Toro LGAs",bib985,no +10465-location-2,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,yes +10465-location-4,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.208333, 9.708333]]}",,,bib1531,no +10465-location-5,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1528,no +10465-location-6,10465,location,"{""Places"": [""Dir and Baram Dutse villages, Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“Dir is a small tribe of about 800 people found in Bauchi Local Government of Bauchi State... No Dir person is living outside the village... The entire village migrated to the present site of Dir village because water was even scarcer in the former place... The Baram-Dutse live in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State. All of them (about 250), live in their village.""",bib5657,no +10465-speaker_number-1,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,a few hundred (Caron 2005),bib985,no +10465-speakers-1,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,a few hundred (Caron 2005),bib985,no +10465-speaker_number-2,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10465-speakers-2,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10465-speaker_number-3,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,[Their population is] less than 600.,bib1530,no +10465-speakers-3,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,[Their population is] less than 600.,bib1530,no +10465-speaker_number-4,10465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"less than 1,000 speakers",bib1528,no +10465-speakers-4,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"less than 1,000 speakers",bib1528,no +10465-speaker_number-5,10465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Dir - about 800; Baram Dutse - about 250,bib5657,no +10465-speakers-5,10465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Dir - about 800; Baram Dutse - about 250,bib5657,no +10465-LEI-1,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10465-vitality-1,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10465-LEI-2,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes +10465-vitality-2,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes +10465-LEI-3,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1530,no +10465-vitality-3,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1530,no +10465-LEI-4,10465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,severely endangered,bib1528,no +10465-vitality-4,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,severely endangered,bib1528,no +10465-LEI-5,10465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5657,no +10465-vitality-5,10465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5657,no +10466-context-1,10466,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Zaar""}",,"""They speak Buli and use Hausa as a trade language. A few speak Sayanchi.”",bib5657,no +10466-location-1,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,yes +10466-location-2,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeri""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1528,no +10466-location-3,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1530,no +10466-location-4,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.233333, 9.783333]]}",,,bib1531,no +10466-location-5,10466,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Dass Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The approximately 4,000 Buli live in Bauchi and Dass LGAs of Bauchi State.""",bib5657,no +10466-speaker_number-1,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib985,yes +10466-speakers-1,10466,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"600 (LA 1971), ‘a few hundred’ (Caron 2005)",bib985,yes +10466-speaker_number-2,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"severely endangered with less than 1,000 speakers",bib1528,no +10466-speakers-2,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"severely endangered with less than 1,000 speakers",bib1528,no +10466-speaker_number-3,10466,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,less than 600,bib1530,no +10466-speakers-3,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,less than 600,bib1530,no +10466-speaker_number-4,10466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"approximately 4,000",bib5657,no +10466-speakers-4,10466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"approximately 4,000",bib5657,no +10466-LEI-1,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,yes +10466-vitality-1,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,yes +10466-LEI-2,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1528,no +10466-vitality-2,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1528,no +10466-LEI-3,10466,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1530,no +10466-vitality-3,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1530,no +10466-LEI-4,10466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5657,no +10466-vitality-4,10466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5657,no 10467-location-1,10467,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname"", ""Guyana(?)""], ""Description"": ""Tunayana is also known as Katuena. Some Tunayana speakers live within the Trio community of Kwamalasemutu in southern Suriname. There should be more in the Waiwai communities in Guyana"", ""Coordinates"": [[2.356611, -56.79421]]}",,,bib299,yes 10467-speaker_number-1,10467,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib299,yes 10467-speakers-1,10467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Some"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib299,yes @@ -1132,74 +1132,74 @@ Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bi 10467-transmission-1,10467,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib299,yes 10467-speaker_number_trends-1,10467,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib299,yes 10467-vitality-1,10467,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib299,yes -10470-context-1,10470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety)""}",,,bib3835,yes -10470-location-1,10470,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the Ordos (\u9102\u723e\u591a\u65af) region of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous region"", ""Coordinates"": [[39.612, 109.781]]}",,,bib3835,yes -10470-location-2,10470,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""... in the southernmost part of Inner Mongolia, south of the Yellow River and north of the Great Wall. Its territory borders on the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the south and Shaanxi province in the southeast.""}",,,bib2886,no -10470-speaker_number-1,10470,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A relatively recent estimate of the number of Ordos speakers was 100,000, but I would assume that most of these already speak a language mixed with regular Mongolian.",bib3835,yes -10470-speakers-1,10470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A relatively recent estimate of the number of Ordos speakers was 100,000, but I would assume that most of these already speak a language mixed with regular Mongolian.",bib3835,yes -10470-LEI-1,10470,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the younger generation is, in any case, going over to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety).",bib3835,yes -10470-vitality-1,10470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"the younger generation is, in any case, going over to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety).",bib3835,yes -10471-context-1,10471,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghai Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""[M]ost Mangghuer speakers have at least some proficiency in the local Mandarin dialect, which is the language of much commerce and social interaction, as well as that of education."" (p.207)",bib6892,no -10471-location-1,10471,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, at the extreme eastern edge of China's Qinghai Province, just north of the Yellow River""}",,,bib6892,no -10471-location-2,10471,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, at the extreme eastern edge of Qinghai"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.4919, 102.6452]]}",,,bib6891,yes -10471-speaker_number-1,10471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6892,no -10471-speakers-1,10471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6892,no -10471-speaker_number-2,10471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6891,yes -10471-speakers-2,10471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6891,yes -10471-LEI-1,10471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6892,no -10471-vitality-1,10471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6892,no -10471-LEI-2,10471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6891,yes -10471-vitality-2,10471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6891,yes -10472-location-1,10472,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the region of the Kur and Urmi rivers in Khabarovsk Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.8068, 134.121]]}",,,bib5307,yes -10472-speaker_number-1,10472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -10472-speakers-1,10472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -10472-LEI-1,10472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -10472-vitality-1,10472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -10473-location-1,10473,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Raohe County in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, China; possibly also Pozharskoye County in Maritime (Primor\u2019ye) Region, the Russian Federation"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.4689, 133.8574]]}",,,bib5307,yes -10473-speaker_number-1,10473,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,possibly more speakers on the Russian side,bib5307,yes -10473-speakers-1,10473,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20 in China"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,possibly more speakers on the Russian side,bib5307,yes -10473-LEI-1,10473,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -10473-vitality-1,10473,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -10474-location-1,10474,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""formerly spoken in the eastern part of the Minusinsk region, in modern Krasnoyarsk Region; the area became gradually restricted to the Kan and Mana river basins and their sources on the northwesternmost slopes of the Eastern Sayan mountains; the last Kamas-speaking community lived in the village of Abalakovo"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.9964, 92.8784]]}",,,bib5307,yes -10474-speakers-1,10474,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last speaker, Klavdia Plotnikova, died in 1989.",bib5307,yes -10474-LEI-1,10474,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5307,yes -10474-vitality-1,10474,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5307,yes -10475-context-1,10475,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Altai"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized as minority indigenous language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Association of the Kumandin People Revival"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Almost all the Kumandin have command of the Russian language, for some of them it is their mother tongue.",bib6740,yes -10475-location-1,10475,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kumandin... live densely in Solton and Krasnogorsk regions and the city of Biysk of the Altai district, Turachak region and Gorno-Altaisk city of the Republic of Altai. Furthermore they live scattered in Altai district and the Republic of Altai as well as outside their borders."", ""Coordinates"": [[52.884889, 86.323299]]}",,,bib6740,yes -10475-speaker_number-1,10475,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Since the Kumandin became part of Russia till the 1926 census the Kumandin were registered in all official papers as a separate ethnic group. But afterwards they were registered as Altai or Tatar and were not distinguished in censuses, which did not allow to determine their number. Nowadays the Kumandin are considered a separate ethnic group.",bib6740,yes -10475-speakers-1,10475,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3114"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1044"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Since the Kumandin became part of Russia till the 1926 census the Kumandin were registered in all official papers as a separate ethnic group. But afterwards they were registered as Altai or Tatar and were not distinguished in censuses, which did not allow to determine their number. Nowadays the Kumandin are considered a separate ethnic group.",bib6740,yes -10475-LEI-1,10475,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6740,yes -10475-transmission-1,10475,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6740,yes -10475-vitality-1,10475,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6740,yes -10479-context-1,10479,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""at home or amongst friends and relatives""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khalkha"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Khalkha is now the dominant language regionally due to recent migration to the region. Tuha is no longer transmitted from mother to child. Since the Soviet period it is no longer taught in school."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""It is still spoken by a few passive bilingual speakers, \""rememberers\"", in their 50s with native-like comprehension.""}",,During the Soviet era Tuha was taught in the village school and was investigated by Mongolian linguist Luvsandorjiyn Bold in the 1970s.,bib2493,yes -10479-location-1,10479,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""to the east of Lake Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l in Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l League in the northernmost region of Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.9722, 101.3159]]}",,,bib5307,no +10470-context-1,10470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety)""}",,,bib3854,yes +10470-location-1,10470,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the Ordos (\u9102\u723e\u591a\u65af) region of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous region"", ""Coordinates"": [[39.612, 109.781]]}",,,bib3854,yes +10470-location-2,10470,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""... in the southernmost part of Inner Mongolia, south of the Yellow River and north of the Great Wall. Its territory borders on the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the south and Shaanxi province in the southeast.""}",,,bib2900,no +10470-speaker_number-1,10470,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A relatively recent estimate of the number of Ordos speakers was 100,000, but I would assume that most of these already speak a language mixed with regular Mongolian.",bib3854,yes +10470-speakers-1,10470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A relatively recent estimate of the number of Ordos speakers was 100,000, but I would assume that most of these already speak a language mixed with regular Mongolian.",bib3854,yes +10470-LEI-1,10470,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the younger generation is, in any case, going over to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety).",bib3854,yes +10470-vitality-1,10470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"the younger generation is, in any case, going over to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard variety).",bib3854,yes +10471-context-1,10471,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghai Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""[M]ost Mangghuer speakers have at least some proficiency in the local Mandarin dialect, which is the language of much commerce and social interaction, as well as that of education."" (p.207)",bib6916,no +10471-location-1,10471,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, at the extreme eastern edge of China's Qinghai Province, just north of the Yellow River""}",,,bib6916,no +10471-location-2,10471,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, at the extreme eastern edge of Qinghai"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.4919, 102.6452]]}",,,bib6915,yes +10471-speaker_number-1,10471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6916,no +10471-speakers-1,10471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6916,no +10471-speaker_number-2,10471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6915,yes +10471-speakers-2,10471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6915,yes +10471-LEI-1,10471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6916,no +10471-vitality-1,10471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6916,no +10471-LEI-2,10471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6915,yes +10471-vitality-2,10471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6915,yes +10472-location-1,10472,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the region of the Kur and Urmi rivers in Khabarovsk Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.8068, 134.121]]}",,,bib5330,yes +10472-speaker_number-1,10472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +10472-speakers-1,10472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +10472-LEI-1,10472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +10472-vitality-1,10472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +10473-location-1,10473,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Raohe County in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, China; possibly also Pozharskoye County in Maritime (Primor\u2019ye) Region, the Russian Federation"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.4689, 133.8574]]}",,,bib5330,yes +10473-speaker_number-1,10473,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,possibly more speakers on the Russian side,bib5330,yes +10473-speakers-1,10473,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20 in China"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,possibly more speakers on the Russian side,bib5330,yes +10473-LEI-1,10473,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +10473-vitality-1,10473,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +10474-location-1,10474,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""formerly spoken in the eastern part of the Minusinsk region, in modern Krasnoyarsk Region; the area became gradually restricted to the Kan and Mana river basins and their sources on the northwesternmost slopes of the Eastern Sayan mountains; the last Kamas-speaking community lived in the village of Abalakovo"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.9964, 92.8784]]}",,,bib5330,yes +10474-speakers-1,10474,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last speaker, Klavdia Plotnikova, died in 1989.",bib5330,yes +10474-LEI-1,10474,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5330,yes +10474-vitality-1,10474,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5330,yes +10475-context-1,10475,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Altai"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized as minority indigenous language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Association of the Kumandin People Revival"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Almost all the Kumandin have command of the Russian language, for some of them it is their mother tongue.",bib6764,yes +10475-location-1,10475,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kumandin... live densely in Solton and Krasnogorsk regions and the city of Biysk of the Altai district, Turachak region and Gorno-Altaisk city of the Republic of Altai. Furthermore they live scattered in Altai district and the Republic of Altai as well as outside their borders."", ""Coordinates"": [[52.884889, 86.323299]]}",,,bib6764,yes +10475-speaker_number-1,10475,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Since the Kumandin became part of Russia till the 1926 census the Kumandin were registered in all official papers as a separate ethnic group. But afterwards they were registered as Altai or Tatar and were not distinguished in censuses, which did not allow to determine their number. Nowadays the Kumandin are considered a separate ethnic group.",bib6764,yes +10475-speakers-1,10475,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3114"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1044"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Since the Kumandin became part of Russia till the 1926 census the Kumandin were registered in all official papers as a separate ethnic group. But afterwards they were registered as Altai or Tatar and were not distinguished in censuses, which did not allow to determine their number. Nowadays the Kumandin are considered a separate ethnic group.",bib6764,yes +10475-LEI-1,10475,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6764,yes +10475-transmission-1,10475,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6764,yes +10475-vitality-1,10475,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Nowadays representatives of middle and elder generations of the Kumandin prefer the native language in everyday speech, whereas the youth prefers Russian.",bib6764,yes +10479-context-1,10479,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""at home or amongst friends and relatives""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khalkha"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Khalkha is now the dominant language regionally due to recent migration to the region. Tuha is no longer transmitted from mother to child. Since the Soviet period it is no longer taught in school."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""It is still spoken by a few passive bilingual speakers, \""rememberers\"", in their 50s with native-like comprehension.""}",,During the Soviet era Tuha was taught in the village school and was investigated by Mongolian linguist Luvsandorjiyn Bold in the 1970s.,bib2506,yes +10479-location-1,10479,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""to the east of Lake Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l in Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l League in the northernmost region of Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.9722, 101.3159]]}",,,bib5330,no 10479-location-2,10479,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""the region east of Lake Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l in the Tsagaan-\u00dc\u00fcr, Chandmani-\u00d6nd\u00f6r, and Khankh Districts of Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l Province of Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.95334449, 101.64276123], [50.55527045, 101.58782959], [50.77479702, 100.80343366], [50.61994765, 101.85587883]]}",,"There are five known Tuha languages and ethnonyms, alongside Tofa synonymous with the Taiga-Sayan linguistic area. Tuha dyl (language) is spoken by the Uighur Uryangkhai to the east of Lake Khövsgöl. Their apparent endonym is Soyot Uryangkhai but also Tuhalyr, Tuha kishiler and they have also been referred to as the Khövsgöl or Üüriin Uryangkhai. Both ethnonyms have been used by the Dukha whose language and ethnonym is Tuha. Tuha and Dukha are orthographical representations of the same word, the latter a Roman adaptation of Mongolian Dukhaa. Tuha is spoken among some of the elderly Soyot Uryangkhai (from Written Mongol vUrijavgqai, modern 'ouryaangxai') in Tsagaan-Üür (Tuha: Högshin-Tsagaan), in their summer settlement Burgaltai just east of the Üür (Tuha: Högshin) River, and their winter settlement up the Üür River in Ireenok. Another smaller group lives in Uylgan to the east of Burgaltai but both groups migrated in living memory from the original settlement in Üürin-Tsagaan, further north up the Üür River where there are several more elderly speakers. They refer to Mongolians as Haruul 'sentry'. Tuha speakers in Chandmani-Öndör are yet to be located among the Daagain 'Colt' Uryangkhai (also Aryg, an exonym?). Soyot is probably folk etymology from the Mongolic plural *soyo-d with the same root as the name of the Sayan mountains that was used for the Tuvinians in the 19th century. Even earlier the ethnonym referred to a Mator Samoyedic-speaking group in the region, perhaps indicating that the Soyot Uryangkhai were once Samoyedic speakers. - Tuha is perhaps spoken in several other scattered settlements in the region east of Lake Khövsgöl in the Tsagaan-Üür, Chandmani-Öndör, and Khankh Districts of Khövsgöl Province of Mongolia. One dialect, apparently just west of Chandmani-Öndör, is spoken by the Chulan ('Snake?') Uryangkhai. (It was transcribed to me as 'ǰylyn'.) Another settlement was at the Bulnain Arshaan hot spring just north of Chandmani-Öndör where the last two elderly speakers have recently died. The Övör Shirkheten 'Southern Sirkid' ('South Flea') Uryangkhai and The Görööchin 'Hunter' Uryangkhai are western Mongolic speakers. The Dukha were called the Ar Shirkheten Uryangkhai 'Northern Sirkid' ('North Flea') in the Qing era. There were three other Tuha languages and ethnonyms to the west of Lake Khövsgöl spoken by the Dukha (Tsaatan), the Toja in the North-East of Tuva Republic until as late as 1974, according to Z.B. Chadamba, and the Tere Khöl of the Steppe Sayan linguistic area in the South-East of the Tuva Republic. The Tere Khöl also claim Uighur descent. According to M.A. Castrén, the reindeer herding Soyot of the Okinsky District in Buryatia still spoke a Turkic language as late as the 1840s, assimilating to Buryat. G. Sanjeev wrote in 1930 that they were ""completely Buryatized and had forgotten their own Soyot language"" though it was heard as late as the early 1990s by Prof. Valentin Rassadin and expedition. Their revived language is now called 'Soyot Tyl'.",bib2493,yes -10479-speaker_number-1,10479,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -10479-speakers-1,10479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,,bib5307,no -10479-speaker_number-2,10479,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2493,yes -10479-speakers-2,10479,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib2493,yes -10479-LEI-1,10479,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10479-transmission-1,10479,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5307,no -10479-vitality-1,10479,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5307,no -10479-LEI-2,10479,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2493,yes -10479-transmission-2,10479,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2493,yes -10479-domains_of_use-2,10479,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2493,yes -10479-speaker_number_trends-2,10479,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2493,yes -10479-vitality-2,10479,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2493,yes -10480-context-1,10480,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Buryat"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Soyot have been assimilated by the Buryat. However, Soyot is now being taught in some elementary schools in the Oka area of ​​Buryatia.",bib8309,yes -10480-location-1,10480,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Oka County of the Republic of Buryatia"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.0406, 101.0659]]}",,,bib5307,no -10480-location-2,10480,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Oka area of \u200b\u200bthe Republic of Buryatia""}",,,bib8309,yes -10480-speakers-1,10480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5307,no -10480-speakers-2,10480,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,608 (2010 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The revitalization project is on its way.,bib8309,yes -10480-LEI-1,10480,LEI,Dormant (),,Became extinct in the second half of the twentieth century,bib5307,no -10480-vitality-1,10480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Became extinct in the second half of the twentieth century,bib5307,no -10480-LEI-2,10480,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib8309,yes -10480-vitality-2,10480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib8309,yes -10481-context-1,10481,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Uighur"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,no attempts at revitalizing their heritage language,bib3834,no + Tuha is perhaps spoken in several other scattered settlements in the region east of Lake Khövsgöl in the Tsagaan-Üür, Chandmani-Öndör, and Khankh Districts of Khövsgöl Province of Mongolia. One dialect, apparently just west of Chandmani-Öndör, is spoken by the Chulan ('Snake?') Uryangkhai. (It was transcribed to me as 'ǰylyn'.) Another settlement was at the Bulnain Arshaan hot spring just north of Chandmani-Öndör where the last two elderly speakers have recently died. The Övör Shirkheten 'Southern Sirkid' ('South Flea') Uryangkhai and The Görööchin 'Hunter' Uryangkhai are western Mongolic speakers. The Dukha were called the Ar Shirkheten Uryangkhai 'Northern Sirkid' ('North Flea') in the Qing era. There were three other Tuha languages and ethnonyms to the west of Lake Khövsgöl spoken by the Dukha (Tsaatan), the Toja in the North-East of Tuva Republic until as late as 1974, according to Z.B. Chadamba, and the Tere Khöl of the Steppe Sayan linguistic area in the South-East of the Tuva Republic. The Tere Khöl also claim Uighur descent. According to M.A. Castrén, the reindeer herding Soyot of the Okinsky District in Buryatia still spoke a Turkic language as late as the 1840s, assimilating to Buryat. G. Sanjeev wrote in 1930 that they were ""completely Buryatized and had forgotten their own Soyot language"" though it was heard as late as the early 1990s by Prof. Valentin Rassadin and expedition. Their revived language is now called 'Soyot Tyl'.",bib2506,yes +10479-speaker_number-1,10479,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +10479-speakers-1,10479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,,bib5330,no +10479-speaker_number-2,10479,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2506,yes +10479-speakers-2,10479,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib2506,yes +10479-LEI-1,10479,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10479-transmission-1,10479,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5330,no +10479-vitality-1,10479,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5330,no +10479-LEI-2,10479,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2506,yes +10479-transmission-2,10479,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2506,yes +10479-domains_of_use-2,10479,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2506,yes +10479-speaker_number_trends-2,10479,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2506,yes +10479-vitality-2,10479,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is not widely transmitted from parents to children.,bib2506,yes +10480-context-1,10480,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Buryat"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Soyot have been assimilated by the Buryat. However, Soyot is now being taught in some elementary schools in the Oka area of ​​Buryatia.",bib8334,yes +10480-location-1,10480,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Oka County of the Republic of Buryatia"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.0406, 101.0659]]}",,,bib5330,no +10480-location-2,10480,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Oka area of \u200b\u200bthe Republic of Buryatia""}",,,bib8334,yes +10480-speakers-1,10480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5330,no +10480-speakers-2,10480,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,608 (2010 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The revitalization project is on its way.,bib8334,yes +10480-LEI-1,10480,LEI,Dormant (),,Became extinct in the second half of the twentieth century,bib5330,no +10480-vitality-1,10480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Became extinct in the second half of the twentieth century,bib5330,no +10480-LEI-2,10480,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib8334,yes +10480-vitality-2,10480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib8334,yes +10481-context-1,10481,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Uighur"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,no attempts at revitalizing their heritage language,bib3853,no 10481-context-2,10481,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Standard Uyghur; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""only a limited number of people in the community believe that the Lopnor dialect is a practical and more expressive way of speaking."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""Based on the recent fieldwork, it is estimated that only a few speakers over 80 years of age have a good command of the dialect and are dialect-dominant. Individuals over the age of 50 speak in both the Lopnor dialect and Standard Uyghur. Speakers under 30 are multilingual (typically Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese) and they have kept only some traces of the Lopnor dialect. The transfer of the Lopnor dialect to the next generation has already essentially stopped. Today's children grow up using Standard Uyghur or Mandarin Chinese."" (p.33)",bib273,yes -10481-location-1,10481,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""East Turkestan/Xinjiang""}",,"Lop Nor Uighur was spoken in the Lop Nor region (around lake Lop Nor), but due to China's nuclear experiments in the region the population was moved in the 1950s to other parts of East Turkestan, where they have become assimilated by speakers of regular Uighur.",bib3834,no +10481-location-1,10481,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""East Turkestan/Xinjiang""}",,"Lop Nor Uighur was spoken in the Lop Nor region (around lake Lop Nor), but due to China's nuclear experiments in the region the population was moved in the 1950s to other parts of East Turkestan, where they have become assimilated by speakers of regular Uighur.",bib3853,no 10481-location-2,10481,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the villages in Tarim, Dongqotan, Gulbagh and Aqsupi"", ""Coordinates"": [[40.983, 84.224]]}",,,bib273,yes 10481-speaker_number-1,10481,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""I assume that the number of the Lopnor dialect speakers in 1982 must have been less than 24,000 as this is the number of Uyghur people in the entire Lopnor region. Therefore, this number may include some speakers of the central dialect and migrant Uyghur people from other parts of Xinjiang."" (p.19)",bib273,yes 10481-speakers-1,10481,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""I assume that the number of the Lopnor dialect speakers in 1982 must have been less than 24,000 as this is the number of Uyghur people in the entire Lopnor region. Therefore, this number may include some speakers of the central dialect and migrant Uyghur people from other parts of Xinjiang."" (p.19)",bib273,yes @@ -1208,64 +1208,64 @@ Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bi 10481-domains_of_use-1,10481,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib273,yes 10481-speaker_number_trends-1,10481,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib273,yes 10481-vitality-1,10481,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib273,yes -10482-context-1,10482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol is the community language."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""no monolingual""}",,with a strong interference of Khamnigan Mongol at all levels of linguistic structure,bib6475,yes -10482-context-2,10482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol""}",,Khamnigan Mongol used to be the community language.,bib3833,no -10482-location-1,10482,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China"", ""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""the Onon-Argun region of Transbaikalia""}",,"three main groups of speakers identifiable by regional adherence as the Siberian (Russian), Manchurian (Chinese), and Mongolian Khamnigan",bib6475,yes -10482-location-2,10482,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.296, 119.797]]}",,,bib3833,no -10482-speaker_number-1,10482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -10482-speakers-1,10482,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes -10482-speakers-2,10482,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000-4,000""}",,The Khamnigan ethnic group arrived in China and Mongolia as emigrants after the Russian revolution of 1917.,bib3833,no -10482-LEI-1,10482,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6475,yes -10482-transmission-1,10482,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6475,yes -10482-domains_of_use-1,10482,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6475,yes -10482-vitality-1,10482,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6475,yes -10484-location-1,10484,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Israel""], ""Description"": ""Baghdad and Nineveh governorates.""}",,"Even before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Iraqi Jews had begun to leave the country in increasing numbers as a response to sectarian persecution. From 1950–52, the overwhelming majority of the Iraqi Jewish community (120,000–130,000) were transported to Israel",bib3728,yes -10484-location-2,10484,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Israel""]}",,,bib3202,no -10484-speaker_number-1,10484,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Mostly in Israel,bib3728,yes -10484-speakers-1,10484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""151,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Mostly in Israel,bib3728,yes -10484-speaker_number-2,10484,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3202,no -10484-speakers-2,10484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""151,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3202,no -10484-LEI-1,10484,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -10484-vitality-1,10484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -10484-LEI-2,10484,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,no -10484-vitality-2,10484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,no -10485-context-1,10485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zaar, Sanga, Hausa""}",,"""They speak Zarinci, Sayanci and Sanganci as well as Hausa.”",bib5633,no -10485-location-1,10485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas in Bauchi State and Jos Local Government Area in Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib981,no +10482-context-1,10482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol is the community language."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""no monolingual""}",,with a strong interference of Khamnigan Mongol at all levels of linguistic structure,bib6499,yes +10482-context-2,10482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol""}",,Khamnigan Mongol used to be the community language.,bib3852,no +10482-location-1,10482,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China"", ""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""the Onon-Argun region of Transbaikalia""}",,"three main groups of speakers identifiable by regional adherence as the Siberian (Russian), Manchurian (Chinese), and Mongolian Khamnigan",bib6499,yes +10482-location-2,10482,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.296, 119.797]]}",,,bib3852,no +10482-speaker_number-1,10482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +10482-speakers-1,10482,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes +10482-speakers-2,10482,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000-4,000""}",,The Khamnigan ethnic group arrived in China and Mongolia as emigrants after the Russian revolution of 1917.,bib3852,no +10482-LEI-1,10482,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6499,yes +10482-transmission-1,10482,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6499,yes +10482-domains_of_use-1,10482,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6499,yes +10482-vitality-1,10482,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The above estimation is for the Manchurian group of speakers before the mid 1990s; ""POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia""",bib6499,yes +10484-location-1,10484,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Israel""], ""Description"": ""Baghdad and Nineveh governorates.""}",,"Even before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Iraqi Jews had begun to leave the country in increasing numbers as a response to sectarian persecution. From 1950–52, the overwhelming majority of the Iraqi Jewish community (120,000–130,000) were transported to Israel",bib3747,yes +10484-location-2,10484,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Israel""]}",,,bib3217,no +10484-speaker_number-1,10484,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Mostly in Israel,bib3747,yes +10484-speakers-1,10484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""151,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Mostly in Israel,bib3747,yes +10484-speaker_number-2,10484,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3217,no +10484-speakers-2,10484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""151,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3217,no +10484-LEI-1,10484,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +10484-vitality-1,10484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +10484-LEI-2,10484,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,no +10484-vitality-2,10484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,no +10485-context-1,10485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zaar, Sanga, Hausa""}",,"""They speak Zarinci, Sayanci and Sanganci as well as Hausa.”",bib5657,no +10485-location-1,10485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas in Bauchi State and Jos Local Government Area in Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib985,no 10485-location-2,10485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state: Toro, Dass, and Tafawa Balewa LGAs.""}",,,bib69,yes -10485-location-3,10485,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.71, 9.4]]}",,,bib3264,no -10485-location-4,10485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Toro, Dass, and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""}",,"“The Zari are found in Toro, Dass and Tafawa Balewa LGAs of Bauchi State. A few also live in Plateau State.""",bib5633,no +10485-location-3,10485,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.71, 9.4]]}",,,bib3280,no +10485-location-4,10485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Toro, Dass, and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""}",,"“The Zari are found in Toro, Dass and Tafawa Balewa LGAs of Bauchi State. A few also live in Plateau State.""",bib5657,no 10485-speakers-1,10485,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 20,700 (2000 CAPRO).",bib69,yes 10485-LEI-1,10485,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 10485-vitality-1,10485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes 10488-context-1,10488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Sanga, Saya""}",,,bib69,no -10488-context-2,10488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1515,yes -10488-location-1,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State and Jos Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no +10488-context-2,10488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1527,yes +10488-location-1,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State and Jos Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no 10488-location-2,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro, Dass, and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib69,no -10488-location-3,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,yes -10488-location-4,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.733333, 9.233333]]}",,,bib1519,no -10488-speaker_number-1,10488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 (1950 HDG)",bib981,no -10488-speakers-1,10488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 (1950 HDG)",bib981,no -10488-speaker_number-2,10488,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10488-speakers-2,10488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10488-LEI-1,10488,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10488-vitality-1,10488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10488-LEI-2,10488,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,yes -10488-vitality-2,10488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,yes -10489-context-1,10489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1515,yes -10489-context-2,10489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"""They also speak Hausa as a trade language.”",bib5633,no -10489-location-1,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, and Jos Local Government Area, Plateau State""]}",,,bib981,no -10489-location-2,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,yes -10489-location-3,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.733333, 9.233333]]}",,,bib1519,no -10489-location-4,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Tafawa Balewa and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib5633,no -10489-speaker_number-1,10489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,950 (1950 HDG)",bib981,no -10489-speakers-1,10489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,950 (1950 HDG)",bib981,no -10489-speaker_number-2,10489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10489-speakers-2,10489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,yes -10489-speakers-3,10489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000""}",,"This people’s population may be about 20,000.",bib5633,no -10489-LEI-2,10489,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -10489-vitality-2,10489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -10489-LEI-3,10489,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,yes -10489-vitality-3,10489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,yes +10488-location-3,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,yes +10488-location-4,10488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.733333, 9.233333]]}",,,bib1531,no +10488-speaker_number-1,10488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 (1950 HDG)",bib985,no +10488-speakers-1,10488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 (1950 HDG)",bib985,no +10488-speaker_number-2,10488,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10488-speakers-2,10488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10488-LEI-1,10488,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10488-vitality-1,10488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10488-LEI-2,10488,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes +10488-vitality-2,10488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes +10489-context-1,10489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1527,yes +10489-context-2,10489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"""They also speak Hausa as a trade language.”",bib5657,no +10489-location-1,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Tafawa Balewa Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, and Jos Local Government Area, Plateau State""]}",,,bib985,no +10489-location-2,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,yes +10489-location-3,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.733333, 9.233333]]}",,,bib1531,no +10489-location-4,10489,location,"{""Places"": [""Tafawa Balewa and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib5657,no +10489-speaker_number-1,10489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,950 (1950 HDG)",bib985,no +10489-speakers-1,10489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,950 (1950 HDG)",bib985,no +10489-speaker_number-2,10489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10489-speakers-2,10489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,yes +10489-speakers-3,10489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000""}",,"This people’s population may be about 20,000.",bib5657,no +10489-LEI-2,10489,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +10489-vitality-2,10489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +10489-LEI-3,10489,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes +10489-vitality-3,10489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes 10493-location-1,10493,location,"{""Description"": ""Bauchi state: Akleri, Toro, and Dass LGAs; Plateau state: Shendam LGA""}",,,bib70,yes 10493-speaker_number-1,10493,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,yes 10493-speakers-1,10493,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,yes @@ -1276,1769 +1276,1769 @@ Nyakwe, Angbashi, and Dodeo [Cameroon]. Also at Rai Buba in French Cameroon.",bi 10495-speakers-1,10495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,yes 10495-LEI-1,10495,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 10495-vitality-1,10495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -10499-location-1,10499,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Isfahan, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.6333, 51.65]]}",,,bib1121,yes -10500-location-1,10500,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kashan, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.9889, 51.4772]]}",,,bib1121,yes -10501-location-1,10501,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kerman, Kerman Province; Yazd, Yazd Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[31.8972, 54.3678], [30.2833, 57.0833]]}",,,bib1121,yes -10502-location-1,10502,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Hamadan, Tuyserkan, Malayer, and Nehavand counties in Hamadan Province; Borujerd county, in Lorestan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.8, 48.5167]]}",,,bib1121,yes -10502-speaker_number-1,10502,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All these vernaculars [of Judeo-Median] are on the verge of disappearing, and no reliable data exist on the number of speakers.",bib1121,yes -10502-speakers-1,10502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All these vernaculars [of Judeo-Median] are on the verge of disappearing, and no reliable data exist on the number of speakers.",bib1121,yes -10502-LEI-1,10502,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1121,yes -10502-vitality-1,10502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1121,yes -10503-location-1,10503,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Shiraz, Fars Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[29.6167, 52.5333]]}",,,bib1121,yes -10509-context-1,10509,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church, school, government, community announcments, trade with other villages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Ap Ma (Botin) [kbx], Biwat (Munduguma) [bwm]"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers view the language positively. There is a growing concern for its preservation and revitalization, as many are disappointed by the decline in use among children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Tok Pisin.""}",,"There are no monolingual Ulwa-speakers, as everyone also speaks Tok Pisin. A few speakers (especially in Manu village) also know Ap Ma, and a few speakers (especially in Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul villages) also know Biwat.",bib708,yes +10499-location-1,10499,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Isfahan, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.6333, 51.65]]}",,,bib1130,yes +10500-location-1,10500,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kashan, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.9889, 51.4772]]}",,,bib1130,yes +10501-location-1,10501,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kerman, Kerman Province; Yazd, Yazd Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[31.8972, 54.3678], [30.2833, 57.0833]]}",,,bib1130,yes +10502-location-1,10502,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Hamadan, Tuyserkan, Malayer, and Nehavand counties in Hamadan Province; Borujerd county, in Lorestan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.8, 48.5167]]}",,,bib1130,yes +10502-speaker_number-1,10502,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All these vernaculars [of Judeo-Median] are on the verge of disappearing, and no reliable data exist on the number of speakers.",bib1130,yes +10502-speakers-1,10502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All these vernaculars [of Judeo-Median] are on the verge of disappearing, and no reliable data exist on the number of speakers.",bib1130,yes +10502-LEI-1,10502,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1130,yes +10502-vitality-1,10502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1130,yes +10503-location-1,10503,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Shiraz, Fars Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[29.6167, 52.5333]]}",,,bib1130,yes +10509-context-1,10509,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church, school, government, community announcments, trade with other villages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Ap Ma (Botin) [kbx], Biwat (Munduguma) [bwm]"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers view the language positively. There is a growing concern for its preservation and revitalization, as many are disappointed by the decline in use among children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Tok Pisin.""}",,"There are no monolingual Ulwa-speakers, as everyone also speaks Tok Pisin. A few speakers (especially in Manu village) also know Ap Ma, and a few speakers (especially in Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul villages) also know Biwat.",bib712,yes 10509-location-1,10509,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, 35 km south of Angoram.""}",,,bib69,no -10509-location-2,10509,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Dimiri, Manu, Marawat, and Yaul villages""}",,,bib4545,no -10509-location-3,10509,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Four villages in Angoram District, East Sepik Province: Manu, Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.483, 144.015], [-4.423, 143.912], [-4.415, 143.908], [-4.416, 143.936]]}",,"The village of Manu is located along a small tributary of the Keram River, itself a tributary of the Sepik River. When water levels are high, the village is about four hours by boat (outboard motor) from Angoram town. The three villages of Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul are located close to one another, about a four-hour walk northwest from Manu, in the direction of the Yuat River. (Travel is much more difficult in the wet season, however, when the path is much swampier.)",bib708,yes +10509-location-2,10509,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Dimiri, Manu, Marawat, and Yaul villages""}",,,bib4566,no +10509-location-3,10509,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Four villages in Angoram District, East Sepik Province: Manu, Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.483, 144.015], [-4.423, 143.912], [-4.415, 143.908], [-4.416, 143.936]]}",,"The village of Manu is located along a small tributary of the Keram River, itself a tributary of the Sepik River. When water levels are high, the village is about four hours by boat (outboard motor) from Angoram town. The three villages of Maruat, Dimiri, and Yaul are located close to one another, about a four-hour walk northwest from Manu, in the direction of the Yuat River. (Travel is much more difficult in the wet season, however, when the path is much swampier.)",bib712,yes 10509-speaker_number-1,10509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 10509-speakers-1,10509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -10509-speaker_number-2,10509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10509-speakers-2,10509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""814"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10509-speaker_number-3,10509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The figure of 600 is a rough estimate. It is based on an estimated total population of 1,800 for the four villages where Ulwa is spoken. It is assumed that only about 35% of this population is fluent in the language, since it is generally only used by people over 30 years of age, and the 0-30 year-old demographic represents about 65% of the rural populations in PNG (according to the 2011 PNG census). Of course, some people younger than 30 are also fluent, but this figure should be offset by those people older than 30 who are not speakers (mostly immigrants from other language communities).",bib708,yes -10509-speakers-3,10509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""300""}",,"The figure of 600 is a rough estimate. It is based on an estimated total population of 1,800 for the four villages where Ulwa is spoken. It is assumed that only about 35% of this population is fluent in the language, since it is generally only used by people over 30 years of age, and the 0-30 year-old demographic represents about 65% of the rural populations in PNG (according to the 2011 PNG census). Of course, some people younger than 30 are also fluent, but this figure should be offset by those people older than 30 who are not speakers (mostly immigrants from other language communities).",bib708,yes +10509-speaker_number-2,10509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10509-speakers-2,10509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""814"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10509-speaker_number-3,10509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The figure of 600 is a rough estimate. It is based on an estimated total population of 1,800 for the four villages where Ulwa is spoken. It is assumed that only about 35% of this population is fluent in the language, since it is generally only used by people over 30 years of age, and the 0-30 year-old demographic represents about 65% of the rural populations in PNG (according to the 2011 PNG census). Of course, some people younger than 30 are also fluent, but this figure should be offset by those people older than 30 who are not speakers (mostly immigrants from other language communities).",bib712,yes +10509-speakers-3,10509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""300""}",,"The figure of 600 is a rough estimate. It is based on an estimated total population of 1,800 for the four villages where Ulwa is spoken. It is assumed that only about 35% of this population is fluent in the language, since it is generally only used by people over 30 years of age, and the 0-30 year-old demographic represents about 65% of the rural populations in PNG (according to the 2011 PNG census). Of course, some people younger than 30 are also fluent, but this figure should be offset by those people older than 30 who are not speakers (mostly immigrants from other language communities).",bib712,yes 10509-LEI-1,10509,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10509-vitality-1,10509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10509-LEI-2,10509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10509-vitality-2,10509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10509-LEI-3,10509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib708,yes -10509-transmission-3,10509,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib708,yes -10509-domains_of_use-3,10509,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib708,yes -10509-speaker_number_trends-3,10509,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib708,yes -10509-vitality-3,10509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib708,yes +10509-LEI-2,10509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10509-vitality-2,10509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10509-LEI-3,10509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib712,yes +10509-transmission-3,10509,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib712,yes +10509-domains_of_use-3,10509,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib712,yes +10509-speaker_number_trends-3,10509,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib712,yes +10509-vitality-3,10509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is not being transmitted to children. Most people older than 30 are fluent in the language, but nevertheless mostly use Tok Pisin in all domains. Some elders regularly use Ulwa, but even among this demographic there are no monolinguals, and elders rely heavily on Tok Pisin as well. People in their 20s tend to understand the language, but are unable to speak it. People younger than 20 may understand a few words, but cannot comprehend or produce even basic sentences.",bib712,yes 10517-location-1,10517,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10517-location-2,10517,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Langam village"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.3, 143.88]]}",,,bib4545,yes +10517-location-2,10517,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Langam village"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.3, 143.88]]}",,,bib4566,yes 10517-speaker_number-1,10517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10517-speakers-1,10517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10517-speaker_number-2,10517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10517-speakers-2,10517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""254"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10517-speaker_number-2,10517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10517-speakers-2,10517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""254"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10517-LEI-1,10517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10517-vitality-1,10517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10517-LEI-2,10517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10517-vitality-2,10517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10517-LEI-2,10517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10517-vitality-2,10517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10518-location-1,10518,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10518-location-2,10518,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Mongol and Kaimba villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.26, 143.92], [-4.28, 143.96]]}",,,bib4545,yes +10518-location-2,10518,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Mongol and Kaimba villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.26, 143.92], [-4.28, 143.96]]}",,,bib4566,yes 10518-speaker_number-1,10518,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10518-speakers-1,10518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10518-speaker_number-2,10518,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10518-speakers-2,10518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""338"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10518-speaker_number-2,10518,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10518-speakers-2,10518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""338"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10518-LEI-1,10518,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10518-vitality-1,10518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10518-LEI-2,10518,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10518-vitality-2,10518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10518-LEI-2,10518,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10518-vitality-2,10518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10519-context-1,10519,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""K\u00e2te [kmg]""}",,Shifted to Kâte [kmg].,bib69,no -10519-location-1,10519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.34, 147.79]]}",,,bib3264,no +10519-location-1,10519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.34, 147.79]]}",,,bib3280,no 10519-location-2,10519,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, north of Masaweng river.""}",,,bib69,no -10519-location-3,10519,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province: \""two villages in the Masaweng River area north of Finschhafen.\""""}",,,bib6907,yes +10519-location-3,10519,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province: \""two villages in the Masaweng River area north of Finschhafen.\""""}",,,bib6931,yes 10519-speaker_number-1,10519,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib69,no 10519-speakers-1,10519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib69,no -10519-speaker_number-2,10519,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6907,yes -10519-speakers-2,10519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""374"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969-1976?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6907,yes +10519-speaker_number-2,10519,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6931,yes +10519-speakers-2,10519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""374"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969-1976?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6931,yes 10519-LEI-1,10519,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not used in daily life.,bib69,no 10519-domains_of_use-1,10519,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Not used in daily life.,bib69,no 10519-vitality-1,10519,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Not used in daily life.,bib69,no -10519-LEI-2,10519,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6907,yes -10519-vitality-2,10519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6907,yes -10520-location-1,10520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.42, 141.03]]}",,,bib3264,no +10519-LEI-2,10519,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6931,yes +10519-vitality-2,10519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6931,yes +10520-location-1,10520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.42, 141.03]]}",,,bib3280,no 10520-location-2,10520,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, Morehead district, Wereavere village.""}",,,bib69,no -10520-location-3,10520,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wereavere village""}",,,bib3106,yes +10520-location-3,10520,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wereavere village""}",,,bib3121,yes 10520-speaker_number-1,10520,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib69,no 10520-speakers-1,10520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib69,no -10520-speaker_number-2,10520,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Despite [Paul} O’Rear’s report mentioning the limited use of Rema [bow] (alt. name Bothar) in Wereavere, at the time of our survey, Ethnologue listed it as extinct (Lewis, 2009, p. 633). Although this turned out to be erroneous and we met many adults who still used it, our reliance on the Ethnologue classification meant that we did not expect to encounter it.",bib3106,yes -10520-speakers-2,10520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Despite [Paul} O’Rear’s report mentioning the limited use of Rema [bow] (alt. name Bothar) in Wereavere, at the time of our survey, Ethnologue listed it as extinct (Lewis, 2009, p. 633). Although this turned out to be erroneous and we met many adults who still used it, our reliance on the Ethnologue classification meant that we did not expect to encounter it.",bib3106,yes +10520-speaker_number-2,10520,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Despite [Paul} O’Rear’s report mentioning the limited use of Rema [bow] (alt. name Bothar) in Wereavere, at the time of our survey, Ethnologue listed it as extinct (Lewis, 2009, p. 633). Although this turned out to be erroneous and we met many adults who still used it, our reliance on the Ethnologue classification meant that we did not expect to encounter it.",bib3121,yes +10520-speakers-2,10520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Despite [Paul} O’Rear’s report mentioning the limited use of Rema [bow] (alt. name Bothar) in Wereavere, at the time of our survey, Ethnologue listed it as extinct (Lewis, 2009, p. 633). Although this turned out to be erroneous and we met many adults who still used it, our reliance on the Ethnologue classification meant that we did not expect to encounter it.",bib3121,yes 10520-LEI-1,10520,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10520-vitality-1,10520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10520-LEI-2,10520,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3106,yes -10520-vitality-2,10520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3106,yes +10520-LEI-2,10520,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3121,yes +10520-vitality-2,10520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3121,yes 10521-location-1,10521,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Tumleo island, Aitape coast area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.12, 142.4]]}",,,bib69,no -10521-location-2,10521,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Tumleo, Raiyu, and Yakoi villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10521-location-2,10521,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Tumleo, Raiyu, and Yakoi villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10521-speaker_number-1,10521,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10521-speakers-1,10521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10521-speaker_number-2,10521,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10521-speakers-2,10521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10521-speaker_number-2,10521,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10521-speakers-2,10521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10521-LEI-1,10521,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10521-vitality-1,10521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10521-LEI-2,10521,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10521-vitality-2,10521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10521-LEI-2,10521,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10521-vitality-2,10521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10522-location-1,10522,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, between Paup and Yakamul coast; Ali, Seleo, and Angel islands."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.13, 142.47]]}",,,bib69,no -10522-location-2,10522,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Three islands: Ali, Angel, and Seleo; and three coastal villages: Paup, Yakamul No. 1, and Yakamul No. 2""}",,,bib4545,yes +10522-location-2,10522,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Three islands: Ali, Angel, and Seleo; and three coastal villages: Paup, Yakamul No. 1, and Yakamul No. 2""}",,,bib4566,yes 10522-speaker_number-1,10522,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10522-speakers-1,10522,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10522-speaker_number-2,10522,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10522-speakers-2,10522,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,079"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10522-speaker_number-2,10522,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10522-speakers-2,10522,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,079"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10522-LEI-1,10522,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10522-vitality-1,10522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10522-LEI-2,10522,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10522-vitality-2,10522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10522-LEI-2,10522,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10522-vitality-2,10522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10523-location-1,10523,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Ulau 1, Ulau 2, Suain coastal area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.35, 142.9]]}",,,bib69,no -10523-location-2,10523,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Suain No. 1, Suain No. 2, and Ulau No. 2 villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10523-location-2,10523,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Suain No. 1, Suain No. 2, and Ulau No. 2 villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10523-speaker_number-1,10523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10523-speakers-1,10523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10523-speaker_number-2,10523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10523-speakers-2,10523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10523-speaker_number-2,10523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10523-speakers-2,10523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10523-LEI-1,10523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10523-vitality-1,10523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10523-LEI-2,10523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10523-vitality-2,10523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10523-LEI-2,10523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10523-vitality-2,10523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10524-context-1,10524,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10524-location-1,10524,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Kairiru language area is situated north-west of Ivewak in the East Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea. Kairiru is spoken on the islands of Kairiru (previously known as D'Urville) (3\""20'S 143\""33'E), Karesau (Paris) (3\""23'S 143\""26'E), and Yuo (Guap) (3\""24'S 143\""29'E), and in several coastal villages situated on the mainland between Cape Karawop and Cape Samein. It is also spoken in the northern and western parts of Mushu Island (Gressien) (3\""25'S 143\""35'E)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.33, 143.55]]}",,,bib7879,yes +10524-location-1,10524,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Kairiru language area is situated north-west of Ivewak in the East Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea. Kairiru is spoken on the islands of Kairiru (previously known as D'Urville) (3\""20'S 143\""33'E), Karesau (Paris) (3\""23'S 143\""26'E), and Yuo (Guap) (3\""24'S 143\""29'E), and in several coastal villages situated on the mainland between Cape Karawop and Cape Samein. It is also spoken in the northern and western parts of Mushu Island (Gressien) (3\""25'S 143\""35'E)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.33, 143.55]]}",,,bib7904,yes 10524-location-2,10524,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Wewak district, Kairiru, Yuo, and Karesau islands; mainland coastal villages between Cape Karawop and Cape Samein; north and west Mushu island.""}",,,bib69,no -10524-location-3,10524,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The island of Yuo; nine villages on the island of Kairuru (Brauniak, Koragul, Rumlal, Sham, Shagur, Silisang, Surai, Yauik, and Yuwun); three villages on the island of Muschu (Marai, Small Muschu, and Sup; and two coastal towns (Wewak and Wom).""}",,"Schmidt (1907, 1909) claims Karesau Island also as containing speakers of a dialect of Kairiru, but my data suggests that the present population is mainly Boiken-speaking.",bib4545,no -10524-speaker_number-1,10524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the 1977 Kiap Census there were 3,507 Kairiru language speakers living in the area or domiciled elsewhere.",bib7879,yes -10524-speakers-1,10524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,507"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the 1977 Kiap Census there were 3,507 Kairiru language speakers living in the area or domiciled elsewhere.",bib7879,yes +10524-location-3,10524,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The island of Yuo; nine villages on the island of Kairuru (Brauniak, Koragul, Rumlal, Sham, Shagur, Silisang, Surai, Yauik, and Yuwun); three villages on the island of Muschu (Marai, Small Muschu, and Sup; and two coastal towns (Wewak and Wom).""}",,"Schmidt (1907, 1909) claims Karesau Island also as containing speakers of a dialect of Kairiru, but my data suggests that the present population is mainly Boiken-speaking.",bib4566,no +10524-speaker_number-1,10524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the 1977 Kiap Census there were 3,507 Kairiru language speakers living in the area or domiciled elsewhere.",bib7904,yes +10524-speakers-1,10524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,507"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the 1977 Kiap Census there were 3,507 Kairiru language speakers living in the area or domiciled elsewhere.",bib7904,yes 10524-speaker_number-2,10524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10524-speakers-2,10524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10524-speaker_number-3,10524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10524-speakers-3,10524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,552"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10524-LEI-1,10524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7879,yes -10524-vitality-1,10524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7879,yes +10524-speaker_number-3,10524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10524-speakers-3,10524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,552"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10524-LEI-1,10524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7904,yes +10524-vitality-1,10524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7904,yes 10524-LEI-2,10524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10524-vitality-2,10524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10524-LEI-3,10524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10524-vitality-3,10524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10524-LEI-3,10524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10524-vitality-3,10524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10525-context-1,10525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10525-context-2,10525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Even the oldest speakers are fluent in Tok Pisin as well.,bib2538,yes +10525-context-2,10525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Even the oldest speakers are fluent in Tok Pisin as well.,bib2551,yes 10525-location-1,10525,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Vokeo and Koil islands.""}",,,bib69,no -10525-location-2,10525,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Vokeo (Oageva) and Koil (Koailo) islands"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.22, 144.1]]}",,,bib2538,yes -10525-location-3,10525,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blupblup island; Bam island; Kadovar island; Wei island; four villages on Wokeo island (Baijor, Begiauwa, Takur, and Uniwaro); and four villages on Koil island (Malowa, Sitila, Unwalu, and Woal)""}",,,bib4545,no +10525-location-2,10525,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Vokeo (Oageva) and Koil (Koailo) islands"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.22, 144.1]]}",,,bib2551,yes +10525-location-3,10525,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blupblup island; Bam island; Kadovar island; Wei island; four villages on Wokeo island (Baijor, Begiauwa, Takur, and Uniwaro); and four villages on Koil island (Malowa, Sitila, Unwalu, and Woal)""}",,,bib4566,no 10525-speaker_number-1,10525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10525-speakers-1,10525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10525-speaker_number-2,10525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2538,yes -10525-speakers-2,10525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2538,yes -10525-speaker_number-3,10525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10525-speakers-3,10525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,459"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10525-speaker_number-2,10525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2551,yes +10525-speakers-2,10525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2551,yes +10525-speaker_number-3,10525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10525-speakers-3,10525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,459"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10525-LEI-1,10525,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10525-vitality-1,10525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10525-LEI-2,10525,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2538,yes -10525-transmission-2,10525,transmission,2,transmission-2,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2538,yes -10525-vitality-2,10525,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2538,yes -10525-LEI-3,10525,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10525-vitality-3,10525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10525-LEI-2,10525,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2551,yes +10525-transmission-2,10525,transmission,2,transmission-2,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2551,yes +10525-vitality-2,10525,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Only people older than 30 use the language in daily conversation.,bib2551,yes +10525-LEI-3,10525,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10525-vitality-3,10525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10526-location-1,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, Manam and Boesa islands, Sepa and Wanami on adjacent mainland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.07, 145.03]]}",,,bib69,no -10526-location-2,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken on all of Manam Island.\""""}",,,bib8010,no -10526-location-3,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province: Manam Island, about 10 miles off the coast of Bogia.""}",,,bib7470,yes -10526-location-4,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Boisa island and 15 villages on Manam island (Abaria, Baliau, Borda, Budua, Bukure, Dangale, Dugulaba No. 1, Dugulaba No. 2, Iassa, Jogari, Kolang, Kuluguma, Madauri, Waia, and Waris)""}",,,bib4545,no +10526-location-2,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken on all of Manam Island.\""""}",,,bib8035,no +10526-location-3,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province: Manam Island, about 10 miles off the coast of Bogia.""}",,,bib7494,yes +10526-location-4,10526,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Boisa island and 15 villages on Manam island (Abaria, Baliau, Borda, Budua, Bukure, Dangale, Dugulaba No. 1, Dugulaba No. 2, Iassa, Jogari, Kolang, Kuluguma, Madauri, Waia, and Waris)""}",,,bib4566,no 10526-speaker_number-1,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10526-speakers-1,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10526-speaker_number-2,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8010,no -10526-speakers-2,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8010,no -10526-speaker_number-3,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by about 6000 people,bib7470,yes -10526-speakers-3,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by about 6000 people,bib7470,yes -10526-speaker_number-4,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -10526-speakers-4,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +10526-speaker_number-2,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8035,no +10526-speakers-2,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8035,no +10526-speaker_number-3,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by about 6000 people,bib7494,yes +10526-speakers-3,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by about 6000 people,bib7494,yes +10526-speaker_number-4,10526,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +10526-speakers-4,10526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 10526-LEI-1,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10526-vitality-1,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10526-LEI-2,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,no -10526-vitality-2,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,no -10526-LEI-3,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7470,yes -10526-vitality-3,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7470,yes -10526-LEI-4,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10526-vitality-4,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10526-LEI-2,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,no +10526-vitality-2,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,no +10526-LEI-3,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7494,yes +10526-vitality-3,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7494,yes +10526-LEI-4,10526,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10526-vitality-4,10526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10527-context-1,10527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10527-location-1,10527,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Silacayoapan Mixtec"" [mks] is spoken in the towns of Santo Domingo Tonala, San Jorge Nuchita, and Tijuana; ""Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"" [mxa] is spoken in the towns of Santos Reyes Yucuná, Guadalupe Portezuelo, and San Simón Zahuatlán.",bib69,yes -10527-location-2,10527,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Miguel Amatitl\u00e1n, San Francisco de las Flores, Guadalupe Portezuelo/Villahermosa, San Lu\u00eds Morelia, San Sebasti\u00e1n del Monte, San Jorge Nuchita, and San Agust\u00edn Atenango"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.77, -98.08]]}",,Zapotitlán Palmas may be either Central Baja- or Northern Baja-speaking.,bib3973,no +10527-location-2,10527,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Miguel Amatitl\u00e1n, San Francisco de las Flores, Guadalupe Portezuelo/Villahermosa, San Lu\u00eds Morelia, San Sebasti\u00e1n del Monte, San Jorge Nuchita, and San Agust\u00edn Atenango"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.77, -98.08]]}",,Zapotitlán Palmas may be either Central Baja- or Northern Baja-speaking.,bib3993,no 10527-speaker_number-1,10527,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Silacayoapan Mixtec"" [mks] is cited as having 18,700 speakers in Mexico (2000), 1,500 of whom are monolinguals (1990 census); ""Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"" [mxa] is cited as having 5,430 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10527-speakers-1,10527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Silacayoapan Mixtec"" [mks] is cited as having 18,700 speakers in Mexico (2000), 1,500 of whom are monolinguals (1990 census); ""Northwest Oaxaca Mixtec"" [mxa] is cited as having 5,430 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10527-LEI-1,10527,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10527-vitality-1,10527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10528-context-1,10528,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa], English [eng]""}",,,bib69,yes 10528-location-1,10528,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Amoltepec Mixtec"" [mbz] is spoken in Las Cuevas, La Mesilla, El Armadillo, El Mamey, El Zapote, Colonia de Jesús, Barranca Oscura, Llano Tigre, Llano Conejo, El Cocal, El Laurel, and La Tortuga; ""Chayuco Mixtec"" [mih] is spoken in San Agustín Chayuco and Saint Catarina Mechoacán municipalities; ""Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"" [mio] is spoken in the towns of Pinotepa de Don Luis, San Antonio Tepetlapa, San Francisco Sayultepec, San Juan Atoyac, San Juan Atoyac, San Juan Jicayán, San Pedro Tulixtlahuaca, Santa Cruz Itacuán, Santa María Jicaltepec, San Antonio Tepetlapa, San Juan Cacahuatepec, San Miguel Tlacamama, San Pedro Jicayán, San Sebastian Ixcapa, Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, and Tulixtlahuaca; ""San Juan Colorado Mixtec"" [mjc] is spoken in the towns of San Juan Colorado and San Pedro Atoyac; ""Tututepec Mixtec"" [mtu] is spoken in the towns of San Pedro Tututepec, Santa María Acatepec, and Santa Cruz Tututepec, and in other towns; ""Jamiltepec Mixtec"" [mxt] is spoken in the towns of Santiago Jamiltepec, San Andrés Huaxtaltepec, Santa María Huazolotitlán, Santiago Tetepec, and Santa Elena Comaltepec; ""Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"" [mza] is spoken in the towns of Tapanco, Nejapa, Atotonilco, San Miguel, San Juan Viejo, Rancho de la Virgen, and Las Palmas; ""Ixtayutla Mixtec"" [vmj] is spoken in the towns of Santiago Ixtayutla, Ixtayutla, El Carasol, El Huamuche, La Humedad, Llano Escondido, Llano Verde, El Mosco, Pueblo Viejo, San Lucas, Xiniyuba, Yucuyá, Las Limas, Macahuite, Nuyuku, Olintepec, Yomuche, Carasul, and Frutillo.",bib69,yes -10528-location-2,10528,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santa Mar\u00eda Acatepec, Santiago Ixtayutla, Santa Mar\u00eda Nut\u00edo, San Juan Colorado, San Agust\u00edn Chayuco, San Lorenzo, Santa Catarina Mechoac\u00e1n, Santa Mar\u00eda Huazolotitl\u00e1n, Santiago Jamiltepec, San Pedro Tututepec, San Crist\u00f3bal, Santa Mar\u00eda Zacatepec, San Francisco de As\u00eds Sayultepec, San Antonio Tepetlapa, San Pedro Atoyac, San Pedro Jicay\u00e1n, Pinotepa de Don Lu\u00eds, Santa Mar\u00eda Jicaltepec, and Santiago Pinotepa Nacional"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.41, -97.84]]}",,,bib3973,no +10528-location-2,10528,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santa Mar\u00eda Acatepec, Santiago Ixtayutla, Santa Mar\u00eda Nut\u00edo, San Juan Colorado, San Agust\u00edn Chayuco, San Lorenzo, Santa Catarina Mechoac\u00e1n, Santa Mar\u00eda Huazolotitl\u00e1n, Santiago Jamiltepec, San Pedro Tututepec, San Crist\u00f3bal, Santa Mar\u00eda Zacatepec, San Francisco de As\u00eds Sayultepec, San Antonio Tepetlapa, San Pedro Atoyac, San Pedro Jicay\u00e1n, Pinotepa de Don Lu\u00eds, Santa Mar\u00eda Jicaltepec, and Santiago Pinotepa Nacional"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.41, -97.84]]}",,,bib3993,no 10528-speaker_number-1,10528,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Amoltepec Mixtec"" [mbz] is cited as having 5,630 speakers (2000 INALI), 500 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census), out of an ethnic population of 12,000; ""Chayuco Mixtec"" [mih] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1990 SIL), 950 of whom are monolinguals; ""Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"" [mio] is cited as having 20,000 speakers (1990 census), 2,200 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Juan Colorado Mixtec"" [mjc] is cited has having 7,820 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,890 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tututepec Mixtec"" [mtu] is cited as having 1,020 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 30,000 (1990 census); ""Jamiltepec Mixtec"" [mxt] is cited as having 9,760 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,300 of whom are monolinguals; ""Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"" [mza] is cited as having 2,570 speakers (2005 census), 510 of whom are monolinguals; ""Ixtayutla Mixtec"" [vmj] is cited has having 6,380 speakers (2000 INALI), 3,800 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census).",bib69,yes 10528-speakers-1,10528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2000, 2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Amoltepec Mixtec"" [mbz] is cited as having 5,630 speakers (2000 INALI), 500 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census), out of an ethnic population of 12,000; ""Chayuco Mixtec"" [mih] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1990 SIL), 950 of whom are monolinguals; ""Pinotepa Nacional Mixtec"" [mio] is cited as having 20,000 speakers (1990 census), 2,200 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Juan Colorado Mixtec"" [mjc] is cited has having 7,820 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,890 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tututepec Mixtec"" [mtu] is cited as having 1,020 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 30,000 (1990 census); ""Jamiltepec Mixtec"" [mxt] is cited as having 9,760 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,300 of whom are monolinguals; ""Santa María Zacatepec Mixtec"" [mza] is cited as having 2,570 speakers (2005 census), 510 of whom are monolinguals; ""Ixtayutla Mixtec"" [vmj] is cited has having 6,380 speakers (2000 INALI), 3,800 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census).",bib69,yes 10528-LEI-1,10528,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10528-vitality-1,10528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10529-context-1,10529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10529-location-1,10529,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Yutanduchi Mixtec"" [mab] is spoken in Yutanduchi de Guerrero; ""Peñoles Mixtec"" [mil] is spoken in the agencias of Monteflor, Cholula, and Huazolotipac; ""Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"" [mqh] is spoken in Santiago Tlazoyaltepec municipality and the Maneadero area of Baja California; ""Tidaá Mixtec"" [mtx] is spoken (somewhere) in Oaxaca; ""Huitepec Mixtec"" [mxs] is spoken in the towns of San Antonio Huitepec, Santiago Huajolotipac, and San Francisco Yucucundo, and there are some speakers near Ensenada in Baja California; ""Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"" [mxy] is spoken in Santo Domingo Nuxaá, San Andrés Nuxiño, Santa Inés de Zaragoza, Ojo de Agua Nuxaá, El Oro, La Herradura, La Unión Zaragoza, Reforma, and La Paz; ""Mitlatongo Mixtec"" [vmm] is spoken in Santiago Mitlatongo and Santa Cruz Mitlatongo; ""Tamazola Mixtec"" [vmx] is spoken in San Juan Tamazola; ""Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"" [xtd] is spoken in 20 towns or villages in the Diuxi and Tilantongo Area, Oaxaca City, Puebla City, and Mexico City; ""San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"" [xtp] is spoken in Nochixtlán district; ""Sindihui Mixtec"" [xts] is spoken in Sindihui municipality.",bib69,yes -10529-location-2,10529,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Andr\u00e9s Nuxi\u00f1o, Santo Domingo Nuxaa, Santa Mar\u00eda Pe\u00f1oles, Santa Catarina Estetla, Santiago Tlazoyaltepec, Santiago Tilantongo, San Juan Diuxi, San Pedro Tidaa, San Miguel Piedras, San Mateo Sindihui, San Antonio Huitepec, San Juan Tamazola, San Juan Yuta, and Yutanduchi de Guerrero"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.15, -97.23]]}",,San Pedro Yucunama and San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula may be either Eastern Alta- or Northern Alta-speaking; Santa María Tataltepec and San Juan Teita may be either Eastern Alta- or Western Alta-speaking; Santo Domingo Nundó may be either Eastern Alta- or Tezoatlan-speaking.,bib3973,no +10529-location-2,10529,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Andr\u00e9s Nuxi\u00f1o, Santo Domingo Nuxaa, Santa Mar\u00eda Pe\u00f1oles, Santa Catarina Estetla, Santiago Tlazoyaltepec, Santiago Tilantongo, San Juan Diuxi, San Pedro Tidaa, San Miguel Piedras, San Mateo Sindihui, San Antonio Huitepec, San Juan Tamazola, San Juan Yuta, and Yutanduchi de Guerrero"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.15, -97.23]]}",,San Pedro Yucunama and San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula may be either Eastern Alta- or Northern Alta-speaking; Santa María Tataltepec and San Juan Teita may be either Eastern Alta- or Western Alta-speaking; Santo Domingo Nundó may be either Eastern Alta- or Tezoatlan-speaking.,bib3993,no 10529-speaker_number-1,10529,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Yutanduchi Mixtec"" [mab] is cited as having 960 speakers (2000 INALI), 8 of whom are monolinguals; ""Peñoles Mixtec"" [mil] is cited as having 5,500 speakers in Mexico (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"" [mqh] is cited as having 3,700 (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tidaá Mixtec"" [mtx] is cited as having 380 speakers (2000 INALI), none of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 900 (1990 census); ""Huitepec Mixtec"" [mxs] is cited as having 2,400 speakers (2000 INALI), 200 of whom are monolinguals; ""Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"" [mxy] is cited as having 4,200 speakers (2000 INALI), 180 of whom are monolinguals; ""Mitlatongo Mixtec"" [vmm] is cited as having 1,800 speakers (2011 SIL); ""Tamazola Mixtec"" [vmx] is cited as having 1,400 speakers, (2000 INALI), 30 of whom are monolinguals; ""Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"" [xtd] is cited as having 3,410 speakers (2000 INALI), 150 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"" [xtp] is cited as having 460 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 1,120 (1990 census); ""Sindihui Mixtec"" [xts] is cited as having 34 speakers (2005 census).",bib69,yes 10529-speakers-1,10529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,244"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2000, 2005, 2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Yutanduchi Mixtec"" [mab] is cited as having 960 speakers (2000 INALI), 8 of whom are monolinguals; ""Peñoles Mixtec"" [mil] is cited as having 5,500 speakers in Mexico (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tlazoyaltepec Mixtec"" [mqh] is cited as having 3,700 (2000 INALI), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tidaá Mixtec"" [mtx] is cited as having 380 speakers (2000 INALI), none of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 900 (1990 census); ""Huitepec Mixtec"" [mxs] is cited as having 2,400 speakers (2000 INALI), 200 of whom are monolinguals; ""Southeastern Nochixtlán Mixtec"" [mxy] is cited as having 4,200 speakers (2000 INALI), 180 of whom are monolinguals; ""Mitlatongo Mixtec"" [vmm] is cited as having 1,800 speakers (2011 SIL); ""Tamazola Mixtec"" [vmx] is cited as having 1,400 speakers, (2000 INALI), 30 of whom are monolinguals; ""Diuxi-Tilantongo Mixtec"" [xtd] is cited as having 3,410 speakers (2000 INALI), 150 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Miguel Piedras Mixtec"" [xtp] is cited as having 460 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 1,120 (1990 census); ""Sindihui Mixtec"" [xts] is cited as having 34 speakers (2005 census).",bib69,yes 10529-LEI-1,10529,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10529-vitality-1,10529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10530-context-1,10530,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10530-location-1,10530,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Guerrero; Oaxaca""}",,"""Alacatlatzala Mixtec"" [mim] is spoken in the towns of Alacatlatzala, Cahuatache, Tenaztalcingo, Jilotepec, Zacatipa, Tototepec, Cuba Libre, San Isidro Labrador, Quiahuitlatlatzala, Xonacatlán, Tepecocatlán, Cuautipa, and Ocuapa, and in Oaxaca; ""Metlatónoc Mixtec"" [mxv] is spoken in Tlacoachistlahuaca and Cochoapa municipalities in East Guerrero; ""Alcozauca Mixtec"" [xta] is spoken in 14 villages near Metlatónoc, and south of San Mateo Neyapan in Oaxaca; ""Yoloxóchitl Mixtec"" [xty] is spoken in San Luís Acatlán municipality, Yoloxóchitl, and Cuanacastitlán.",bib69,yes -10530-location-2,10530,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Alcozauca de Guerrero, Santa Cruz de Bravo (?), Cahuatachi/Cahuatache, Cuatzoquitengo, Alacatlazala, and Yoloxochitl"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.39, -98.42]]}",,,bib3973,no +10530-location-2,10530,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Alcozauca de Guerrero, Santa Cruz de Bravo (?), Cahuatachi/Cahuatache, Cuatzoquitengo, Alacatlazala, and Yoloxochitl"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.39, -98.42]]}",,,bib3993,no 10530-speaker_number-1,10530,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Alacatlatzala Mixtec"" [mim] is cited as having 30,000 speakers in Mexico (2011 SIL), 18,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Metlatónoc Mixtec"" [mxv] is cited as having 46,600 speakers (2000), many of whom are monolinguals; ""Alcozauca Mixtec"" [xta] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1994 SIL), 4,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yoloxóchitl Mixtec"" [xty] is cited as having 10,600 speakers (2000 INALI).",bib69,yes 10530-speakers-1,10530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994, 2000, 2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Alacatlatzala Mixtec"" [mim] is cited as having 30,000 speakers in Mexico (2011 SIL), 18,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Metlatónoc Mixtec"" [mxv] is cited as having 46,600 speakers (2000), many of whom are monolinguals; ""Alcozauca Mixtec"" [xta] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1994 SIL), 4,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yoloxóchitl Mixtec"" [xty] is cited as having 10,600 speakers (2000 INALI).",bib69,yes 10530-LEI-1,10530,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10530-vitality-1,10530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10531-context-1,10531,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10531-location-1,10531,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"San Juan Mixtepec, Tlaxiaco (district head); San Quintín valley, Baja California.",bib69,yes -10531-location-2,10531,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Los Tejocotes, San Juan Mixtepec, and Santa Mar\u00eda Yucunicoco"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.31, -97.89]]}",,"(Note: Ethnologue includes Santa María Yucunicoco as a town speaking ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc], otherwise associated with Southern Baja.)",bib3973,no +10531-location-2,10531,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Los Tejocotes, San Juan Mixtepec, and Santa Mar\u00eda Yucunicoco"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.31, -97.89]]}",,"(Note: Ethnologue includes Santa María Yucunicoco as a town speaking ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc], otherwise associated with Southern Baja.)",bib3993,no 10531-speaker_number-1,10531,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,170 in Mexico (2000 INALI). 2,500–3,000 located in Tlaxiaco (district head). 2,600 monolinguals (1990 census).",bib69,yes 10531-speakers-1,10531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9,170 in Mexico (2000 INALI). 2,500–3,000 located in Tlaxiaco (district head). 2,600 monolinguals (1990 census).",bib69,yes 10531-LEI-1,10531,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10531-vitality-1,10531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10532-context-1,10532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10532-location-1,10532,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"" [mip] is spoken in the towns of San Miguel Chicahua, Jocotipac, Santa María Apasco, San Miguel Huautla, and Nduayaco, among others; ""Soyaltepec Mixtec"" [vmq] is spoken in the villages of San Bartolo Soyaltepec and Guadalupe Gabilera.",bib69,yes -10532-location-2,10532,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Pedro Jocotipac, San Antonio Nduayaco, Santiago Apoala, Santa Mar\u00eda Apasco, Santiago Ixtaltepec, San Miguel Chicahua, San Bartolo Soyaltepec, San Agust\u00edn Montelobos, San Pedro Coxcaltepec C\u00e1ntaros, Santa Catarina Ad\u00e9quez, San Jer\u00f3nimo Sosola, San Francisco Jatapetongo, and Santiago Cuilapan de Guerrero"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.46, -97.06]]}",,,bib3973,no +10532-location-2,10532,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Pedro Jocotipac, San Antonio Nduayaco, Santiago Apoala, Santa Mar\u00eda Apasco, Santiago Ixtaltepec, San Miguel Chicahua, San Bartolo Soyaltepec, San Agust\u00edn Montelobos, San Pedro Coxcaltepec C\u00e1ntaros, Santa Catarina Ad\u00e9quez, San Jer\u00f3nimo Sosola, San Francisco Jatapetongo, and Santiago Cuilapan de Guerrero"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.46, -97.06]]}",,,bib3993,no 10532-speaker_number-1,10532,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"" [mip] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1990 SIL), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals (1990); ""Soyaltepec Mixtec"" [vmq] is cited as having 220 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 930 (1990 census).",bib69,yes 10532-speakers-1,10532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Apasco-Apoala Mixtec"" [mip] is cited as having 10,000 speakers (1990 SIL), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals (1990); ""Soyaltepec Mixtec"" [vmq] is cited as having 220 speakers (2000 INALI), out of an ethnic population of 930 (1990 census).",bib69,yes 10532-LEI-1,10532,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10532-vitality-1,10532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10533-context-1,10533,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10533-location-1,10533,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Coatzospan Mixtec"" [miz] is spoken in San Juan Coatzóspan; ""Cuyamecalco Mixtec"" [xtu] is spoken in Cuyamecalco, San Miguel Santa Flor, and Santa Ana Cuauhtémoc.",bib69,yes -10533-location-2,10533,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Juan Coatzospan, Santa Ana Cuauht\u00e9moc, and Cuyamecalco Villa de Zaragoza"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.98, -96.8]]}",,San Pedro Yucunama and San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula may be either Northern Alta- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3973,no +10533-location-2,10533,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Juan Coatzospan, Santa Ana Cuauht\u00e9moc, and Cuyamecalco Villa de Zaragoza"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.98, -96.8]]}",,San Pedro Yucunama and San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula may be either Northern Alta- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3993,no 10533-speaker_number-1,10533,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Coatzospan Mixtec"" [miz] is cited as having 2,090 speakers (2000 INALI), 300 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census); ""Cuyamecalco Mixtec"" [xtu] is cited as having 1,880 speakers (2000 INALI), 70 of whom are monolinguals in San Miguel.",bib69,yes 10533-speakers-1,10533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,970"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Coatzospan Mixtec"" [miz] is cited as having 2,090 speakers (2000 INALI), 300 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census); ""Cuyamecalco Mixtec"" [xtu] is cited as having 1,880 speakers (2000 INALI), 70 of whom are monolinguals in San Miguel.",bib69,yes 10533-LEI-1,10533,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10533-vitality-1,10533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10534-context-1,10534,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10534-location-1,10534,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Puebla; Oaxaca""}",,"""Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"" [mii] is spoken in Santa Catarina Tlaltempan and Santa María Chigmecatitlán in Puebla; ""Southern Puebla Mixtec"" [mit] is spoken in the municipalities of Acatlán, Xayacatlán de Bravo, San Jerónimo Xayacatlán, and Petlalcingo in Puebla, and in Zapotitlán Palmas municipality in Oaxaca; ""Chazumba Mixtec"" [xtb] is spoken in the villages of Zapotitlán, Santa Gertrudis Cosoltepec, Petlalcingo, and Totoltepec de Guerrero in Puebla, and in Santiago Chazumba and San Pedro y San Pablo Tequixtepec in Oaxaca.",bib69,yes -10534-location-2,10534,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santa Mar\u00eda Chigmecatitl\u00e1n, Xayacatl\u00e1n de Bravo, San Jer\u00f3nimo Xayacatl\u00e1n, Santa Mar\u00eda Totoltepec de Guerrero, San Jer\u00f3nimo Tonahuixtla, Cosoltepec, Santiago Chazumba, San Miguel Ixtapan, Tepejillo, Rosario Micaltepec, and Santa Catarina Tlaltempan"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.17, -97.83]]}",,Zapotitlán Palmas may be either Northen Baja- or Central Baja-speaking.,bib3973,no +10534-location-2,10534,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santa Mar\u00eda Chigmecatitl\u00e1n, Xayacatl\u00e1n de Bravo, San Jer\u00f3nimo Xayacatl\u00e1n, Santa Mar\u00eda Totoltepec de Guerrero, San Jer\u00f3nimo Tonahuixtla, Cosoltepec, Santiago Chazumba, San Miguel Ixtapan, Tepejillo, Rosario Micaltepec, and Santa Catarina Tlaltempan"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.17, -97.83]]}",,Zapotitlán Palmas may be either Northen Baja- or Central Baja-speaking.,bib3993,no 10534-speaker_number-1,10534,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"" [mii] is cited as having 1,350 speakers (2010 INEGI), of whom 160 are monolinguals (2010 INEGI); ""Southern Puebla Mixtec"" [mit] is cited as having 3,180 speakers (2010 INEGI), 150 of whom are monolinguals (2010); ""Chazumba Mixtec"" [xtb] is cited as having 3,790 speakers (2000 INALI), 30 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10534-speakers-1,10534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Chigmecatitlán Mixtec"" [mii] is cited as having 1,350 speakers (2010 INEGI), of whom 160 are monolinguals (2010 INEGI); ""Southern Puebla Mixtec"" [mit] is cited as having 3,180 speakers (2010 INEGI), 150 of whom are monolinguals (2010); ""Chazumba Mixtec"" [xtb] is cited as having 3,790 speakers (2000 INALI), 30 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10534-LEI-1,10534,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10534-vitality-1,10534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10535-context-1,10535,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,yes 10535-location-1,10535,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Guerrero; Oaxaca""}",,"""Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [jmx] is spoken in Santa Cruz Yucucani and San José Yoxocaño municipalities in Guerrero, and in San Martín Peras and Río Frijol in Oaxaca; ""Ayutla Mixtec"" [miy] is spoken in about 30 mountain towns in Guerrero, and in Ayutla; ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc] is spoken in the towns of San Sebastián Tecomaxtlahuaca, San Miguel Tlacotepec, Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Santa María Tindú, San Martin Duraznos, and Santa María Yucunicoco in Oaxaca, and in San Quintín valley, Baja California.",bib69,yes -10535-location-2,10535,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Coicoy\u00e1n de las Flores, Metlat\u00f3noc, Nieves Ixpantepec/Ixpantepec Nieves, San Jer\u00f3nimo Progreso, San Miguel Tlacotepec, Santos Reyes Tepejillo, San Sebasti\u00e1n Tecomaxtlahuaca, San Mart\u00edn Peras, Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Mart\u00edn Duraznos, San Pedro Chayuco, Tepango, and Santiago Cacaloxtepec"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.31, -98.13]]}",,"(Note: Ethnologue includes Santa María Yucunicoco as a town speaking ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc], otherwise associated with Southern Baja.)",bib3973,no +10535-location-2,10535,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Coicoy\u00e1n de las Flores, Metlat\u00f3noc, Nieves Ixpantepec/Ixpantepec Nieves, San Jer\u00f3nimo Progreso, San Miguel Tlacotepec, Santos Reyes Tepejillo, San Sebasti\u00e1n Tecomaxtlahuaca, San Mart\u00edn Peras, Santiago Juxtlahuaca, San Mart\u00edn Duraznos, San Pedro Chayuco, Tepango, and Santiago Cacaloxtepec"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.31, -98.13]]}",,"(Note: Ethnologue includes Santa María Yucunicoco as a town speaking ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc], otherwise associated with Southern Baja.)",bib3993,no 10535-speaker_number-1,10535,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [jmx] is cited as having 20,000 speakers in Mexico (2005 census), 9,000 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census);""Ayutla Mixtec"" [miy] is cited as having 11,500 speakers (2000 INALI), 3,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc] is cited as having 16,000 speakers (1990 census), 5,500 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10535-speakers-1,10535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 2005, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Western Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [jmx] is cited as having 20,000 speakers in Mexico (2005 census), 9,000 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census);""Ayutla Mixtec"" [miy] is cited as having 11,500 speakers (2000 INALI), 3,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Juxtlahuaca Mixtec"" [vmc] is cited as having 16,000 speakers (1990 census), 5,500 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10535-LEI-1,10535,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10535-vitality-1,10535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10536-context-1,10536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa], English [eng]""}",,,bib69,yes 10536-location-1,10536,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"" [miu] is spoken in Santiago Cacaloxtepec town; ""Tezoatlán Mixtec"" [mxb] is spoken in the towns of Yucuquimi de Ocampo, San Andrés Yutatío, Yucuñuti de Benito Juárez, San Juan Diquiyú, San Marcos de Garzón, San Martín del Río, Santa Catarina Yotandú, San Isidro de Zaragoza, and San Valentín de Gomez.",bib69,yes -10536-location-2,10536,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santiago Cacaloxtepec, Santa Mar\u00eda Yucu\u00f1uti de Benito Ju\u00e1rez, and Santa Mar\u00eda Yucuquimi de Ocampo."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.64, -97.81]]}",,Santo Domingo Nundó may be either Tezoatlan- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3973,no +10536-location-2,10536,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santiago Cacaloxtepec, Santa Mar\u00eda Yucu\u00f1uti de Benito Ju\u00e1rez, and Santa Mar\u00eda Yucuquimi de Ocampo."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.64, -97.81]]}",,Santo Domingo Nundó may be either Tezoatlan- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3993,no 10536-speaker_number-1,10536,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"" [miu] is cited as having 460 speakers (2005 census), 100 of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 1,250; ""Tezoatlán Mixtec"" [mxb] is cited as having 5,080 speakers (2005 census), 670 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10536-speakers-1,10536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,540"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Cacaloxtepec Mixtec"" [miu] is cited as having 460 speakers (2005 census), 100 of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 1,250; ""Tezoatlán Mixtec"" [mxb] is cited as having 5,080 speakers (2005 census), 670 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10536-LEI-1,10536,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10536-vitality-1,10536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10537-context-1,10537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib3973,no +10537-context-1,10537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib3993,no 10537-location-1,10537,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca""}",,"""Itundujia Mixtec"" [mce] is spoken in Morelos and Guerrero villages; ""Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"" [mdv] is spoken in Agua del Toro and Ocotlán; ""Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [meh] is spoken (somewhere) in Oaxaca; ""Atatláhuca Mixtec"" [mib] is spoken in San Esteban Atatláhuca and Santa Catarina Yosonotú towns; ""Ocotepec Mixtec"" [mie] is spoken in west central Oaxaca; ""San Miguel el Grande Mixtec"" [mig] is spoken in Chalcatongo; ""Yosondúa Mixtec"" [mpm] is spoken (somewhere); ""Yucuañe Mixtec"" [mvg] is spoken in San Bartolomé Yucuañe; ""Sinicahua Mixtec"" [xti] is spoken in Sinicahua, San Antonio Sinicahua, and Siniyucu; ""San Juan Teita Mixtec"" [xtj] is spoken in San Juan Teita town; ""Tijaltepec Mixtec"" [xtl] is spoken in San Pablo Tijaltepec Santa María Yosoyúa town; ""Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"" [xtm] is spoken in the municipalities of Santa María Magdalena Peñasco, San Cristobal Amoltepec, San Mateo Peñasco, and San Agustín Tlacotepec; ""Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [xtn] is spoken in the municipalities of San Juan Ñumí, Santiago Nundichi, San Antonino Monte Verde, and San Sebastián Nicananduta; ""Tacahua Mixtec"" [xtt] is spoken in Tlaxiaco district.",bib69,yes -10537-location-2,10537,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Miguel Progreso, San Miguel el Grande, Chalcatongo de Hidalgo, Santiago Yosondua, Santa Mar\u00eda Yolotepec, Santa Mar\u00eda Yucuhiti, Santiago Nuyoo, Santa Luc\u00eda Monteverde, Santa Cruz Itundujia, San Juan \u00d1um\u00ed, Santiago Nundichi, San Miguel Achiutla, San Bartolom\u00e9 Yucua\u00f1e, San Mateo Pe\u00f1asco, San Agust\u00edn Tlacotepec, Santa Cruz Nundaco, San Jos\u00e9 Sinicahua, San Pedro Molinos, Santo Tom\u00e1s Ocotepec, and San Esteban Atatlahuca"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.12, -97.55]]}",,Santa María Tataltepec and San Juan Teita may be either Western Alta- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3973,no +10537-location-2,10537,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of San Miguel Progreso, San Miguel el Grande, Chalcatongo de Hidalgo, Santiago Yosondua, Santa Mar\u00eda Yolotepec, Santa Mar\u00eda Yucuhiti, Santiago Nuyoo, Santa Luc\u00eda Monteverde, Santa Cruz Itundujia, San Juan \u00d1um\u00ed, Santiago Nundichi, San Miguel Achiutla, San Bartolom\u00e9 Yucua\u00f1e, San Mateo Pe\u00f1asco, San Agust\u00edn Tlacotepec, Santa Cruz Nundaco, San Jos\u00e9 Sinicahua, San Pedro Molinos, Santo Tom\u00e1s Ocotepec, and San Esteban Atatlahuca"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.12, -97.55]]}",,Santa María Tataltepec and San Juan Teita may be either Western Alta- or Eastern Alta-speaking.,bib3993,no 10537-speaker_number-1,10537,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Itundujia Mixtec"" [mce] is cited as having 850 speakers (2000 INALI), 17 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census); ""Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"" [mdv] is cited as having 5,430 speakers (2000 INALI), 480 of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 6,000 (1995 census); ""Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [meh] is cited as having 7,340 speakers (2000 census), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Atatláhuca Mixtec"" [mib] is cited as having 8,300 speakers (1995 census), 440 of whom are monolinguals; ""Ocotepec Mixtec"" [mie] is cited as having 6,170 (2000 INALI) speakers, 600 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Miguel el Grande Mixtec"" [mig] is cited as having 6,000 speakers (2005 census), 330 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yosondúa Mixtec"" [mpm] is cited as having 2,000 speakers (2010 SIL), 60 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yucuañe Mixtec"" [mvg] is cited as having 710 speakers (2000 INALI), 90 of whom are monolinguals; ""Sinicahua Mixtec"" [xti] is cited as having 1,110 speakers (2005 census), 150 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Juan Teita Mixtec"" [xtj] is cited as having 330 speakers (2000 INALI), 35 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tijaltepec Mixtec"" [xtl] is cited as having 3,250 speakers (2005 census), 420 of whom are monolinguals; ""Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"" [xtm] is cited as having 7,350 speakers (2005 census), 1,170 of whom are monolinguals (2000 census); ""Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [xtn] is cited as having 12,300 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,600 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tacahua Mixtec"" [xtt] is cited as having 390 speakers (2005 census), 60 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10537-speakers-1,10537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,530"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995, 2000, 2005, 2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Itundujia Mixtec"" [mce] is cited as having 850 speakers (2000 INALI), 17 of whom are monolinguals (2005 census); ""Santa Lucía Monteverde Mixtec"" [mdv] is cited as having 5,430 speakers (2000 INALI), 480 of whom are monolinguals, out of an ethnic population of 6,000 (1995 census); ""Southwestern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [meh] is cited as having 7,340 speakers (2000 census), 1,000 of whom are monolinguals; ""Atatláhuca Mixtec"" [mib] is cited as having 8,300 speakers (1995 census), 440 of whom are monolinguals; ""Ocotepec Mixtec"" [mie] is cited as having 6,170 (2000 INALI) speakers, 600 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Miguel el Grande Mixtec"" [mig] is cited as having 6,000 speakers (2005 census), 330 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yosondúa Mixtec"" [mpm] is cited as having 2,000 speakers (2010 SIL), 60 of whom are monolinguals; ""Yucuañe Mixtec"" [mvg] is cited as having 710 speakers (2000 INALI), 90 of whom are monolinguals; ""Sinicahua Mixtec"" [xti] is cited as having 1,110 speakers (2005 census), 150 of whom are monolinguals; ""San Juan Teita Mixtec"" [xtj] is cited as having 330 speakers (2000 INALI), 35 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tijaltepec Mixtec"" [xtl] is cited as having 3,250 speakers (2005 census), 420 of whom are monolinguals; ""Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec"" [xtm] is cited as having 7,350 speakers (2005 census), 1,170 of whom are monolinguals (2000 census); ""Northern Tlaxiaco Mixtec"" [xtn] is cited as having 12,300 speakers (2000 INALI), 1,600 of whom are monolinguals; ""Tacahua Mixtec"" [xtt] is cited as having 390 speakers (2005 census), 60 of whom are monolinguals.",bib69,yes 10537-LEI-1,10537,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10537-vitality-1,10537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10538-location-1,10538,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santiago Tamazola, San Miguel Ahuehuetitl\u00e1n, and San Mart\u00edn del Estado"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.63, -98.22]]}",,,bib3973,yes +10538-location-1,10538,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""The villages of Santiago Tamazola, San Miguel Ahuehuetitl\u00e1n, and San Mart\u00edn del Estado"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.63, -98.22]]}",,,bib3993,yes 10539-context-1,10539,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,yes 10539-location-1,10539,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Lumi district, West Waipei division"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.3, 141.9]]}",,"Molmo One: Molmo, Wisoli, Anononti, Laurela, and Pusa villages; Inebu One: Inebu, Kalema, Windiple, and Alkula villages; Kwamtim One: Kuamtim village; Kabore One: Abore, Sapin, Kara, and Wamtip villages, Kabore Station; Northern One: Romei, Parara, Wolwale, Koiniri, and Karantu villages; Southern One: Romei, Parara, Wolwale, Koiniri, and Karantu villages.",bib69,yes -10539-location-2,10539,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""17 villages: Amsuku, Barira, Drome, Goiniri, Kaiye, Karandu, Mafoka, Walwali, Alkula, Gara, Inebu, Kabori No. 1, Kabori No. 2, Molmo, Piako, Siama, and Wugubli.""}",,"The village of Nengian contains both Olo and One speakers, and many villagers are bilingual.",bib4545,no +10539-location-2,10539,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""17 villages: Amsuku, Barira, Drome, Goiniri, Kaiye, Karandu, Mafoka, Walwali, Alkula, Gara, Inebu, Kabori No. 1, Kabori No. 2, Molmo, Piako, Siama, and Wugubli.""}",,"The village of Nengian contains both Olo and One speakers, and many villagers are bilingual.",bib4566,no 10539-speaker_number-1,10539,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Molmo One: 500 speakers; Inebu One: 1,300 speakers; Kwamtim One: 150 speakers; Kabore One: 300 speakers; Northern One: 2,000 speakers; Southern One: 200 speakers (2000 M. Crowther).",bib69,yes 10539-speakers-1,10539,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Molmo One: 500 speakers; Inebu One: 1,300 speakers; Kwamtim One: 150 speakers; Kabore One: 300 speakers; Northern One: 2,000 speakers; Southern One: 200 speakers (2000 M. Crowther).",bib69,yes -10539-speaker_number-2,10539,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10539-speakers-2,10539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10539-speaker_number-2,10539,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10539-speakers-2,10539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10539-LEI-1,10539,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10539-vitality-1,10539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10539-LEI-2,10539,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10539-vitality-2,10539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10539-LEI-2,10539,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10539-vitality-2,10539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10540-location-1,10540,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Lumi district. 55 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.4, 142.1]]}",,,bib69,no 10540-location-2,10540,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"The Olo speakers live in a pear-shaped area extending up to Aitape Township in the north and some -thirty miles south ... The speakers are spread out among fifty-four villages and the Poro Resettlement Scheme. There are also numerous speakers spread throughout other cities and rural areas of Papua New Guinea. The majority of the population live south of the Torrecelli Mountains, with roughly 1,200 residing in coastal villages.",bib6995,yes -10540-location-3,10540,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""73 villages: Aiterap, Bes, Kapoam, Karaite, Lupai, Morok, Nengian, Paiawa, Pultalul, Seiyum, Siaute, Wauningi, Yongiti, Kakoi, Kuatim, Urutei, Yebil, Yokoma, Amaitem, Eretei No. 1, Flobum, Kalau, Karaitei, Karaitem, Kumnatei, Kupoam, Maiwetem, Mimbitei, Minatei No. 1, Minatei No. 2, Miwautei, Mokai, Pai, Rauwetei, Sarbotei, Siboitei, Sigaitei, Sugoitei, Tauwitei, Tofungu, Tolgeti, Wabutei, Wagoitei, Wai'eli, Wantipi, Wigoitei, Wilbitel, Wilium, Yongitei, Ali, Buru'um, Eretei No. 2, Karatei, Keibam, Klelbuf, Lau'um, Lumi, Maui, Miliom, Mareitei, Orutei, Otei, Otemgi, Sabtei, Saindei, Sibitei, Talbipi, Tauwetei, Telotei, Twaitei, Wabuf, Wilikli.""}",,"The village of Nengian contains both Olo and One speakers, and many villagers are bilingual.",bib4545,no +thirty miles south ... The speakers are spread out among fifty-four villages and the Poro Resettlement Scheme. There are also numerous speakers spread throughout other cities and rural areas of Papua New Guinea. The majority of the population live south of the Torrecelli Mountains, with roughly 1,200 residing in coastal villages.",bib7019,yes +10540-location-3,10540,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""73 villages: Aiterap, Bes, Kapoam, Karaite, Lupai, Morok, Nengian, Paiawa, Pultalul, Seiyum, Siaute, Wauningi, Yongiti, Kakoi, Kuatim, Urutei, Yebil, Yokoma, Amaitem, Eretei No. 1, Flobum, Kalau, Karaitei, Karaitem, Kumnatei, Kupoam, Maiwetem, Mimbitei, Minatei No. 1, Minatei No. 2, Miwautei, Mokai, Pai, Rauwetei, Sarbotei, Siboitei, Sigaitei, Sugoitei, Tauwitei, Tofungu, Tolgeti, Wabutei, Wagoitei, Wai'eli, Wantipi, Wigoitei, Wilbitel, Wilium, Yongitei, Ali, Buru'um, Eretei No. 2, Karatei, Keibam, Klelbuf, Lau'um, Lumi, Maui, Miliom, Mareitei, Orutei, Otei, Otemgi, Sabtei, Saindei, Sibitei, Talbipi, Tauwetei, Telotei, Twaitei, Wabuf, Wilikli.""}",,"The village of Nengian contains both Olo and One speakers, and many villagers are bilingual.",bib4566,no 10540-speaker_number-1,10540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(SIL),bib69,no 10540-speakers-1,10540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10540-speaker_number-2,10540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Olo is a non-Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea and is spoken by approximately 13,000 speakers.",bib6995,yes -10540-speakers-2,10540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Olo is a non-Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea and is spoken by approximately 13,000 speakers.",bib6995,yes -10540-speaker_number-3,10540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4545,no -10540-speakers-3,10540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,821"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4545,no +10540-speaker_number-2,10540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Olo is a non-Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea and is spoken by approximately 13,000 speakers.",bib7019,yes +10540-speakers-2,10540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Olo is a non-Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea and is spoken by approximately 13,000 speakers.",bib7019,yes +10540-speaker_number-3,10540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4566,no +10540-speakers-3,10540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,821"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4566,no 10540-LEI-1,10540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10540-vitality-1,10540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10540-LEI-2,10540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6995,yes -10540-vitality-2,10540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6995,yes -10540-LEI-3,10540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10540-vitality-3,10540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10540-LEI-2,10540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7019,yes +10540-vitality-2,10540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7019,yes +10540-LEI-3,10540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10540-vitality-3,10540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10541-location-1,10541,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, 142.1]]}",,,bib69,yes -10541-location-2,10541,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Bin, Lingi, Mabul, Tangei, Tebali, Hapseim, Yamoum, and Yili.""}",,,bib4545,no +10541-location-2,10541,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Bin, Lingi, Mabul, Tangei, Tebali, Hapseim, Yamoum, and Yili.""}",,,bib4566,no 10541-speaker_number-1,10541,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,yes 10541-speakers-1,10541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,yes -10541-speaker_number-2,10541,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10541-speakers-2,10541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,427"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10541-speaker_number-2,10541,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10541-speakers-2,10541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,427"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10541-LEI-1,10541,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10541-vitality-1,10541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10541-LEI-2,10541,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10541-vitality-2,10541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10541-LEI-2,10541,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10541-vitality-2,10541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10542-location-1,10542,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, west of Lumi. 5 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, 141.9]]}",,,bib69,no -10542-location-2,10542,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Kalingum, Kwatum, Timeni, Kernam, and Parisko.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10542-location-2,10542,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Kalingum, Kwatum, Timeni, Kernam, and Parisko.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10542-speaker_number-1,10542,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10542-speakers-1,10542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10542-speaker_number-2,10542,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10542-speakers-2,10542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""489"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10542-speaker_number-2,10542,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10542-speakers-2,10542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""489"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10542-LEI-1,10542,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10542-vitality-1,10542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10542-LEI-2,10542,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10542-vitality-2,10542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10542-LEI-2,10542,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10542-vitality-2,10542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10544-context-1,10544,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no 10544-location-1,10544,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Lumi district, Torricelli mountain foothills. 19 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.1]]}",,,bib69,no -10544-location-2,10544,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Lumi District: Au East and Au West census division.""}",,"The language area is bounded by the Yelbu River to the West, the Kikɨr River to the North, the Sepik swamps to the South, and the Anguganak Mountain Bluff to the East.",bib6675,yes -10544-location-3,10544,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Lipoam, Nakil, Piem, Pinkil, Puang, Tumentonik, Warin, Weteili, Weisin, Wititai, Witikin, Witweis, Yemnu, Yutabi, Anguganak, Brugap, Winaluk, Wulukum, and Yankok.""}",,,bib4545,no +10544-location-2,10544,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Lumi District: Au East and Au West census division.""}",,"The language area is bounded by the Yelbu River to the West, the Kikɨr River to the North, the Sepik swamps to the South, and the Anguganak Mountain Bluff to the East.",bib6699,yes +10544-location-3,10544,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Lipoam, Nakil, Piem, Pinkil, Puang, Tumentonik, Warin, Weteili, Weisin, Wititai, Witikin, Witweis, Yemnu, Yutabi, Anguganak, Brugap, Winaluk, Wulukum, and Yankok.""}",,,bib4566,no 10544-speaker_number-1,10544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2000 census). 1,600 monolinguals.",bib69,no 10544-speakers-1,10544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2000 census). 1,600 monolinguals.",bib69,no -10544-speaker_number-2,10544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"... there are some 4,200 Au speakers living in 19 villages, with some 600 of these absent, living in towns or in various squatter settlements in the East and West Sepik Provinces [now, East Sepik and Sandaun Provinces, respectively].",bib6675,yes -10544-speakers-2,10544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"... there are some 4,200 Au speakers living in 19 villages, with some 600 of these absent, living in towns or in various squatter settlements in the East and West Sepik Provinces [now, East Sepik and Sandaun Provinces, respectively].",bib6675,yes -10544-speaker_number-3,10544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10544-speakers-3,10544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,007"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10544-speaker_number-2,10544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"... there are some 4,200 Au speakers living in 19 villages, with some 600 of these absent, living in towns or in various squatter settlements in the East and West Sepik Provinces [now, East Sepik and Sandaun Provinces, respectively].",bib6699,yes +10544-speakers-2,10544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"... there are some 4,200 Au speakers living in 19 villages, with some 600 of these absent, living in towns or in various squatter settlements in the East and West Sepik Provinces [now, East Sepik and Sandaun Provinces, respectively].",bib6699,yes +10544-speaker_number-3,10544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10544-speakers-3,10544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,007"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10544-LEI-1,10544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10544-vitality-1,10544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10544-LEI-2,10544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6675,yes -10544-vitality-2,10544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6675,yes -10544-LEI-3,10544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10544-vitality-3,10544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10545-location-1,10545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.47, 142.18]]}",,,bib3264,no +10544-LEI-2,10544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6699,yes +10544-vitality-2,10544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6699,yes +10544-LEI-3,10544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10544-vitality-3,10544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10545-location-1,10545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.47, 142.18]]}",,,bib3280,no 10545-location-2,10545,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, northwest of Au [avt] language area. 16 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, 142.2]]}",,,bib69,no -10545-location-3,10545,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Ausini, Eikil, Lalwi, Lilal, Mambel, Pimon, Laiangim No. 1, Laiangim No. 2, Mupun, Musu, Soloku, and Wublagil.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10545-location-3,10545,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Ausini, Eikil, Lalwi, Lilal, Mambel, Pimon, Laiangim No. 1, Laiangim No. 2, Mupun, Musu, Soloku, and Wublagil.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10545-speaker_number-1,10545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10545-speakers-1,10545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,470"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10545-speaker_number-2,10545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10545-speakers-2,10545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10545-speaker_number-2,10545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10545-speakers-2,10545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10545-LEI-1,10545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10545-vitality-1,10545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10545-LEI-2,10545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10545-vitality-2,10545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10546-location-1,10546,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yabiru, Nucamp, Sepik, and Ningil.""}",,,bib4894,yes +10545-LEI-2,10545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10545-vitality-2,10545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10546-location-1,10546,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yabiru, Nucamp, Sepik, and Ningil.""}",,,bib4916,yes 10546-location-2,10546,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.54, 142.27]]}",,,bib69,no -10546-location-3,10546,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ningil village""}",,,bib4545,no -10546-speaker_number-1,10546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are approximately 500 speakers ...,bib4894,yes -10546-speakers-1,10546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are approximately 500 speakers ...,bib4894,yes +10546-location-3,10546,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ningil village""}",,,bib4566,no +10546-speaker_number-1,10546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are approximately 500 speakers ...,bib4916,yes +10546-speakers-1,10546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are approximately 500 speakers ...,bib4916,yes 10546-speaker_number-2,10546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10546-speakers-2,10546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10546-speaker_number-3,10546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10546-speakers-3,10546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10546-LEI-1,10546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4894,yes -10546-vitality-1,10546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4894,yes +10546-speaker_number-3,10546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10546-speakers-3,10546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10546-LEI-1,10546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4916,yes +10546-vitality-1,10546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4916,yes 10546-LEI-2,10546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10546-vitality-2,10546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10546-LEI-3,10546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10546-vitality-3,10546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10547-location-1,10547,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 142.25]]}",,,bib3264,no +10546-LEI-3,10546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10546-vitality-3,10546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10547-location-1,10547,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 142.25]]}",,,bib3280,no 10547-location-2,10547,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,,bib69,no -10547-location-3,10547,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Kara-Ausi, Auang, Nunsi, Sikel, Weigin, Yemlu, Yuwil, Muku, Winbe, Wowil, and Yerisi.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10547-location-3,10547,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Kara-Ausi, Auang, Nunsi, Sikel, Weigin, Yemlu, Yuwil, Muku, Winbe, Wowil, and Yerisi.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10547-speaker_number-1,10547,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10547-speakers-1,10547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10547-speaker_number-2,10547,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10547-speakers-2,10547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10547-speaker_number-2,10547,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10547-speakers-2,10547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10547-LEI-1,10547,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10547-vitality-1,10547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10547-LEI-2,10547,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10547-vitality-2,10547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10548-location-1,10548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.42, 142.37]]}",,,bib3264,no +10547-LEI-2,10547,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10547-vitality-2,10547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10548-location-1,10548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.42, 142.37]]}",,,bib3280,no 10548-location-2,10548,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, 30 km south of Aitape.""}",,,bib69,no -10548-location-3,10548,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wara and Weiki villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10548-location-3,10548,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wara and Weiki villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10548-speaker_number-1,10548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10548-speakers-1,10548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10548-speaker_number-2,10548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10548-speakers-2,10548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10548-speaker_number-2,10548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10548-speakers-2,10548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10548-LEI-1,10548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10548-vitality-1,10548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10548-LEI-2,10548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10548-vitality-2,10548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10549-location-1,10549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.59, 142.2]]}",,,bib3264,no +10548-LEI-2,10548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10548-vitality-2,10548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10549-location-1,10549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.59, 142.2]]}",,,bib3280,no 10549-location-2,10549,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Namblo census division, northwest of Maimai.""}",,,bib69,no -10549-location-3,10549,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bogasip, Maimbel, and Rauit villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10549-location-3,10549,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bogasip, Maimbel, and Rauit villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10549-speaker_number-1,10549,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10549-speakers-1,10549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10549-speaker_number-2,10549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10549-speakers-2,10549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10549-speaker_number-2,10549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10549-speakers-2,10549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10549-LEI-1,10549,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10549-vitality-1,10549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10549-LEI-2,10549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10549-vitality-2,10549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10550-location-1,10550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, 142.5]]}",,,bib3264,no +10549-LEI-2,10549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10549-vitality-2,10549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10550-location-1,10550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, 142.5]]}",,,bib3280,no 10550-location-2,10550,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, east of Aitape.""}",,,bib69,yes -10550-location-3,10550,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Chinapelli, Lemieng, Pro, and Vokau.""}",,,bib4545,no +10550-location-3,10550,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Chinapelli, Lemieng, Pro, and Vokau.""}",,,bib4566,no 10550-speaker_number-1,10550,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,yes 10550-speakers-1,10550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes -10550-speaker_number-2,10550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10550-speakers-2,10550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10550-speaker_number-2,10550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10550-speakers-2,10550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10550-LEI-1,10550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Home. Mostly speakers over the age of 60, though a few women between 40 and 60 are fairly fluent. Most adults over the age of 30 understand the language; most children under the age of 20 do not (2014 M. Dryer).",bib69,yes 10550-transmission-1,10550,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Home. Mostly speakers over the age of 60, though a few women between 40 and 60 are fairly fluent. Most adults over the age of 30 understand the language; most children under the age of 20 do not (2014 M. Dryer).",bib69,yes 10550-domains_of_use-1,10550,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Home. Mostly speakers over the age of 60, though a few women between 40 and 60 are fairly fluent. Most adults over the age of 30 understand the language; most children under the age of 20 do not (2014 M. Dryer).",bib69,yes 10550-speaker_number_trends-1,10550,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Home. Mostly speakers over the age of 60, though a few women between 40 and 60 are fairly fluent. Most adults over the age of 30 understand the language; most children under the age of 20 do not (2014 M. Dryer).",bib69,yes 10550-vitality-1,10550,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Home. Mostly speakers over the age of 60, though a few women between 40 and 60 are fairly fluent. Most adults over the age of 30 understand the language; most children under the age of 20 do not (2014 M. Dryer).",bib69,yes -10550-LEI-2,10550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10550-vitality-2,10550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10551-location-1,10551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.46, 142.48]]}",,,bib3264,no +10550-LEI-2,10550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10550-vitality-2,10550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10551-location-1,10551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.46, 142.48]]}",,,bib3280,no 10551-location-2,10551,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. 6 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes -10551-location-3,10551,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Asier, Makumba, and Yinungen villages""}",,,bib4545,no +10551-location-3,10551,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Asier, Makumba, and Yinungen villages""}",,,bib4566,no 10551-speaker_number-1,10551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,yes 10551-speakers-1,10551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes -10551-speaker_number-2,10551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10551-speakers-2,10551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10551-speaker_number-2,10551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10551-speakers-2,10551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10551-LEI-1,10551,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes 10551-transmission-1,10551,transmission,2,transmission-2,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes 10551-vitality-1,10551,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes -10551-LEI-2,10551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10551-vitality-2,10551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10552-location-1,10552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 142.46]]}",,,bib3264,no +10551-LEI-2,10551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10551-vitality-2,10551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10552-location-1,10552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 142.46]]}",,,bib3280,no 10552-location-2,10552,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku district.""}",,,bib69,no -10552-location-3,10552,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Monandin, Sengi, Suau, Wumerau, and Yirkin.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10552-location-3,10552,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Monandin, Sengi, Suau, Wumerau, and Yirkin.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10552-speaker_number-1,10552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10552-speakers-1,10552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""730"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10552-speaker_number-2,10552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10552-speakers-2,10552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""819"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10552-speaker_number-2,10552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10552-speakers-2,10552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""819"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10552-LEI-1,10552,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10552-vitality-1,10552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10552-LEI-2,10552,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10552-vitality-2,10552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10553-location-1,10553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.5]]}",,,bib3264,no +10552-LEI-2,10552,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10552-vitality-2,10552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10553-location-1,10553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.5]]}",,,bib3280,no 10553-location-2,10553,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, north of Mehek, northeast of Siliput.""}",,,bib69,no -10553-location-3,10553,location,"{""Places"": [""6 villages: Mai, Wanali, Yambil, Kuwalvu, Weranyuwok, and Yiliwambil.""]}",,,bib4545,yes +10553-location-3,10553,location,"{""Places"": [""6 villages: Mai, Wanali, Yambil, Kuwalvu, Weranyuwok, and Yiliwambil.""]}",,,bib4566,yes 10553-speaker_number-1,10553,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10553-speakers-1,10553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10553-speaker_number-2,10553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10553-speakers-2,10553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""769"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10553-speaker_number-2,10553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10553-speakers-2,10553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""769"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10553-LEI-1,10553,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10553-vitality-1,10553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10553-LEI-2,10553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10553-vitality-2,10553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10554-location-1,10554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.49, 142.39]]}",,,bib3264,no +10553-LEI-2,10553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10553-vitality-2,10553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10554-location-1,10554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.49, 142.39]]}",,,bib3280,no 10554-location-2,10554,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,,bib69,no -10554-location-3,10554,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Boini, Ori, Wuro, and Yuolpa.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10554-location-3,10554,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Boini, Ori, Wuro, and Yuolpa.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10554-speaker_number-1,10554,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10554-speakers-1,10554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10554-speaker_number-2,10554,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10554-speakers-2,10554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""670"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10554-speaker_number-2,10554,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10554-speakers-2,10554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""670"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10554-LEI-1,10554,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10554-vitality-1,10554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10554-LEI-2,10554,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10554-vitality-2,10554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10555-location-1,10555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.49, 142.5]]}",,,bib3264,no +10554-LEI-2,10554,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10554-vitality-2,10554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10555-location-1,10555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.49, 142.5]]}",,,bib3280,no 10555-location-2,10555,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. 4 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10555-location-3,10555,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sundun and Yauan villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10555-location-3,10555,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sundun and Yauan villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10555-speaker_number-1,10555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10555-speakers-1,10555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10555-speaker_number-2,10555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10555-speakers-2,10555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10555-speaker_number-2,10555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10555-speakers-2,10555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10555-LEI-1,10555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10555-vitality-1,10555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10555-LEI-2,10555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10555-vitality-2,10555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10555-LEI-2,10555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10555-vitality-2,10555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10556-context-1,10556,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral attitudes."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""6,000""}",,,bib69,yes -10556-location-1,10556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.79]]}",,,bib3264,no +10556-location-1,10556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.79]]}",,,bib3280,no 10556-location-2,10556,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Dreikikir district, southwest of Wom, south of Kombio. 20 villages, several hamlets.""}",,,bib69,yes -10556-location-3,10556,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""21 villages: Asiling, Daihungai, Emul, Meiwhak, Misim, Musenau, Musimbelim, Musimblem, Musingwik, Musingwa, Musilo, Mulengai, Musengi, Musendai, Namaisum, Nanaha, Nyambolei, Pelnandu, Perembil, Tuman, and Yermain.""}",,,bib4545,no +10556-location-3,10556,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""21 villages: Asiling, Daihungai, Emul, Meiwhak, Misim, Musenau, Musimbelim, Musimblem, Musingwik, Musingwa, Musilo, Mulengai, Musengi, Musendai, Namaisum, Nanaha, Nyambolei, Pelnandu, Perembil, Tuman, and Yermain.""}",,,bib4566,no 10556-speaker_number-1,10556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,480 in Wasep Ngau, 2,060 in Wusyep Yihre, 1,210 in Wasep Yam, and 550 in Wusyep Tep (SIL)",bib69,yes 10556-speakers-1,10556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,480 in Wasep Ngau, 2,060 in Wusyep Yihre, 1,210 in Wasep Yam, and 550 in Wusyep Tep (SIL)",bib69,yes -10556-speaker_number-2,10556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10556-speakers-2,10556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10556-speaker_number-2,10556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10556-speakers-2,10556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10556-LEI-1,10556,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children understand; youth rarely speak Urat. All domains for the elderly. All age groups: to hide comments from outsiders, e.g. in disputes or accusations. Mainly adults.",bib69,yes 10556-transmission-1,10556,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children understand; youth rarely speak Urat. All domains for the elderly. All age groups: to hide comments from outsiders, e.g. in disputes or accusations. Mainly adults.",bib69,yes 10556-vitality-1,10556,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Children understand; youth rarely speak Urat. All domains for the elderly. All age groups: to hide comments from outsiders, e.g. in disputes or accusations. Mainly adults.",bib69,yes -10556-LEI-2,10556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10556-vitality-2,10556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10557-context-1,10557,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""children's play, government, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib1816,yes -10557-location-1,10557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 142.4]]}",,,bib3264,no -10557-location-2,10557,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Engiep, Imbiyip, Kalem, Maimai, Teremes, an Wombiu.""}",,,bib4545,no +10556-LEI-2,10556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10556-vitality-2,10556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10557-context-1,10557,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""children's play, government, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib1828,yes +10557-location-1,10557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 142.4]]}",,,bib3280,no +10557-location-2,10557,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Engiep, Imbiyip, Kalem, Maimai, Teremes, an Wombiu.""}",,,bib4566,no 10557-speaker_number-1,10557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""1,120 in area, 66 outside."" (SIL)",bib69,no 10557-speakers-1,10557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""1,120 in area, 66 outside."" (SIL)",bib69,no -10557-speaker_number-2,10557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population of eight villages Yahang-speaking villages: 1,116 + 66 absentees.",bib1816,yes -10557-speakers-2,10557,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,182"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 1,182?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population of eight villages Yahang-speaking villages: 1,116 + 66 absentees.",bib1816,yes -10557-speaker_number-3,10557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10557-speakers-3,10557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10557-speaker_number-2,10557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population of eight villages Yahang-speaking villages: 1,116 + 66 absentees.",bib1828,yes +10557-speakers-2,10557,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,182"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 1,182?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population of eight villages Yahang-speaking villages: 1,116 + 66 absentees.",bib1828,yes +10557-speaker_number-3,10557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10557-speakers-3,10557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10557-LEI-1,10557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10557-vitality-1,10557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10557-LEI-2,10557,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1816,yes -10557-domains_of_use-2,10557,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1816,yes -10557-vitality-2,10557,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1816,yes -10557-LEI-3,10557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10557-vitality-3,10557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10557-LEI-2,10557,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1828,yes +10557-domains_of_use-2,10557,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1828,yes +10557-vitality-2,10557,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1828,yes +10557-LEI-3,10557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10557-vitality-3,10557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10558-context-1,10558,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10558-context-2,10558,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, communication with other tribes""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3709,yes -10558-location-1,10558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.83, 142.47]]}",,,bib3264,no +10558-context-2,10558,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, communication with other tribes""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3728,yes +10558-location-1,10558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.83, 142.47]]}",,,bib3280,no 10558-location-2,10558,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku district; East Sepik Province, Aumbunti Dreikker district.""}",,,bib69,no -10558-location-3,10558,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Gamo, Semengla, Tuginaro, Ulap, Vei, Wulbowe, and Yimut.""}",,,bib3709,yes -10558-location-4,10558,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Gamo, Semengla, Tuginaro, Ulap, Undu, Vei'i, Wulbowe. and Yimit.""}",,,bib4545,no +10558-location-3,10558,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Gamo, Semengla, Tuginaro, Ulap, Vei, Wulbowe, and Yimut.""}",,,bib3728,yes +10558-location-4,10558,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Gamo, Semengla, Tuginaro, Ulap, Undu, Vei'i, Wulbowe. and Yimit.""}",,,bib4566,no 10558-speaker_number-1,10558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,2000 census). 270 monolinguals.,bib69,no 10558-speakers-1,10558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,710"", ""Date Of Info"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,2000 census). 270 monolinguals.,bib69,no -10558-speaker_number-2,10558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Population of seven villages: 1711 + 113 absentees.,bib3709,yes -10558-speakers-2,10558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,824"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 1,824"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Population of seven villages: 1711 + 113 absentees.,bib3709,yes -10558-speaker_number-3,10558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10558-speakers-3,10558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,872"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10558-speaker_number-2,10558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Population of seven villages: 1711 + 113 absentees.,bib3728,yes +10558-speakers-2,10558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,824"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 1,824"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Population of seven villages: 1711 + 113 absentees.,bib3728,yes +10558-speaker_number-3,10558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10558-speakers-3,10558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,872"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10558-LEI-1,10558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10558-vitality-1,10558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10558-LEI-2,10558,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3709,yes -10558-domains_of_use-2,10558,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3709,yes -10558-vitality-2,10558,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3709,yes -10558-LEI-3,10558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10558-vitality-3,10558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10559-location-1,10559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.61, 142.4]]}",,,bib3264,no +10558-LEI-2,10558,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes +10558-domains_of_use-2,10558,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3728,yes +10558-vitality-2,10558,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3728,yes +10558-LEI-3,10558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10558-vitality-3,10558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10559-location-1,10559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.61, 142.4]]}",,,bib3280,no 10559-location-2,10559,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Makru-Klaplei division, Nuku district, north of Mehek, Seleput village.""}",,,bib69,no -10559-location-3,10559,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seleput village""}",,,bib4545,no -10559-location-4,10559,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seleput village, eight kilometers northwest of Nuku""}",,,bib1341,yes +10559-location-3,10559,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seleput village""}",,,bib4566,no +10559-location-4,10559,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seleput village, eight kilometers northwest of Nuku""}",,,bib1350,yes 10559-speaker_number-1,10559,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10559-speakers-1,10559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10559-speaker_number-2,10559,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10559-speakers-2,10559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""222"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10559-speaker_number-3,10559,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,242 residents of Seleput village + 21 absentees,bib1341,yes -10559-speakers-3,10559,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""263"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<263"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,242 residents of Seleput village + 21 absentees,bib1341,yes +10559-speaker_number-2,10559,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10559-speakers-2,10559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""222"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10559-speaker_number-3,10559,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,242 residents of Seleput village + 21 absentees,bib1350,yes +10559-speakers-3,10559,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""263"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<263"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,242 residents of Seleput village + 21 absentees,bib1350,yes 10559-LEI-1,10559,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10559-vitality-1,10559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10559-LEI-2,10559,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10559-vitality-2,10559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10559-LEI-3,10559,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1341,yes -10559-domains_of_use-3,10559,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1341,yes -10559-vitality-3,10559,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1341,yes -10560-context-1,10560,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib1816,yes -10560-location-1,10560,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7, 142.24]]}",,,bib3264,no +10559-LEI-2,10559,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10559-vitality-2,10559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10559-LEI-3,10559,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1350,yes +10559-domains_of_use-3,10559,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1350,yes +10559-vitality-3,10559,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1350,yes +10560-context-1,10560,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib1828,yes +10560-location-1,10560,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7, 142.24]]}",,,bib3280,no 10560-location-2,10560,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Torricelli mountains, west of Mehek.""}",,,bib69,no -10560-location-3,10560,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Two villages in the Maimai Namblo Census Division of the Nuku District of the West Sepik Province: Laeko and Libuat""}",,,bib1816,yes -10560-location-4,10560,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Laeko and Libuat villages""}",,,bib4545,no +10560-location-3,10560,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Two villages in the Maimai Namblo Census Division of the Nuku District of the West Sepik Province: Laeko and Libuat""}",,,bib1828,yes +10560-location-4,10560,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Laeko and Libuat villages""}",,,bib4566,no 10560-speaker_number-1,10560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,520 in area; 200 outside. (SIL),bib69,no 10560-speakers-1,10560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,520 in area; 200 outside. (SIL),bib69,no -10560-speaker_number-2,10560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Population of two villages = 518 + 20 absentees,bib1816,yes -10560-speakers-2,10560,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""538"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<538"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Population of two villages = 518 + 20 absentees,bib1816,yes -10560-speaker_number-3,10560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10560-speakers-3,10560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10560-speaker_number-2,10560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Population of two villages = 518 + 20 absentees,bib1828,yes +10560-speakers-2,10560,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""538"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<538"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Population of two villages = 518 + 20 absentees,bib1828,yes +10560-speaker_number-3,10560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10560-speakers-3,10560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10560-LEI-1,10560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10560-vitality-1,10560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10560-LEI-2,10560,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1816,yes -10560-domains_of_use-2,10560,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1816,yes -10560-vitality-2,10560,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1816,yes -10560-LEI-3,10560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10560-vitality-3,10560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10561-location-1,10561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.45, 142.62]]}",,,bib3264,no +10560-LEI-2,10560,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1828,yes +10560-domains_of_use-2,10560,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1828,yes +10560-vitality-2,10560,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1828,yes +10560-LEI-3,10560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10560-vitality-3,10560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10561-location-1,10561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.45, 142.62]]}",,,bib3280,no 10561-location-2,10561,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik district; Sandaun Province, west of Kombio. 5 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10561-location-3,10561,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: King, Kuamala, Koupem, Mup, and Yakumbum.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10561-location-3,10561,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: King, Kuamala, Koupem, Mup, and Yakumbum.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10561-speaker_number-1,10561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10561-speakers-1,10561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10561-speaker_number-2,10561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10561-speakers-2,10561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""953"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10561-speaker_number-2,10561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10561-speakers-2,10561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""953"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10561-LEI-1,10561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10561-vitality-1,10561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10561-LEI-2,10561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10561-vitality-2,10561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10561-LEI-2,10561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10561-vitality-2,10561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10563-context-1,10563,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,yes -10563-location-1,10563,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.48, 142.69]]}",,,bib3264,no +10563-location-1,10563,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.48, 142.69]]}",,,bib3280,no 10563-location-2,10563,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Dreikikir district, Torricelli mountains. 31 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes -10563-location-3,10563,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages: Ben, Cherpmel, Kasim, Kumbum, Meringe, Muyem, Nialu, Nyumatil, Pabneip, Ringin, Sakangel, Samark, Sambu, Sangaien, Soaief, Tong, Wum, Yakio, Yalangel, Yase, Yasile, Yasum, Yasumboret, Yaunimbum. Yaurang, Yetnyam, and Yetnimbum.""}",,,bib4545,no +10563-location-3,10563,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages: Ben, Cherpmel, Kasim, Kumbum, Meringe, Muyem, Nialu, Nyumatil, Pabneip, Ringin, Sakangel, Samark, Sambu, Sangaien, Soaief, Tong, Wum, Yakio, Yalangel, Yase, Yasile, Yasum, Yasumboret, Yaunimbum. Yaurang, Yetnyam, and Yetnimbum.""}",,,bib4566,no 10563-speaker_number-1,10563,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""About 2,400 live in Kombio area. Very few monolinguals."" (SIL)",bib69,yes 10563-speakers-1,10563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,970"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""About 2,400 live in Kombio area. Very few monolinguals."" (SIL)",bib69,yes -10563-speaker_number-2,10563,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10563-speakers-2,10563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,146"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10563-speaker_number-2,10563,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10563-speakers-2,10563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,146"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10563-LEI-1,10563,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]; much mixing with L1. Kombio used by adults, but only used occasionally by those under 18.",bib69,yes 10563-transmission-1,10563,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]; much mixing with L1. Kombio used by adults, but only used occasionally by those under 18.",bib69,yes 10563-speaker_number_trends-1,10563,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]; much mixing with L1. Kombio used by adults, but only used occasionally by those under 18.",bib69,yes 10563-vitality-1,10563,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]; much mixing with L1. Kombio used by adults, but only used occasionally by those under 18.",bib69,yes -10563-LEI-2,10563,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10563-vitality-2,10563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10563-LEI-2,10563,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10563-vitality-2,10563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10564-context-1,10564,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Language loss concerns adults."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""90% also use Tok Pisin [tpi].""}",,,bib69,no -10564-location-1,10564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 142.76]]}",,,bib3264,no +10564-location-1,10564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 142.76]]}",,,bib3280,no 10564-location-2,10564,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Dreikikkir district, northwest of Wom, east and southeast of Kombio. 4 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10564-location-3,10564,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yambes, Sahik, Sumul, and Wahlen.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10564-location-3,10564,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yambes, Sahik, Sumul, and Wahlen.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10564-speaker_number-1,10564,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,0 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no 10564-speakers-1,10564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,0 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no -10564-speaker_number-2,10564,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10564-speakers-2,10564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10564-speaker_number-2,10564,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10564-speakers-2,10564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10564-LEI-1,10564,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no 10564-transmission-1,10564,transmission,2,transmission-2,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no 10564-vitality-1,10564,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no -10564-LEI-2,10564,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10564-vitality-2,10564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10565-context-1,10565,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib5225,yes +10564-LEI-2,10564,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10564-vitality-2,10564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10565-context-1,10565,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib5248,yes 10565-context-2,10565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10565-location-1,10565,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Wom language group is located about 22 kilometres (13 miles) WNW of Maprik in the Dreikikir Sub-District of the Maprik District of the East Sepik Province.""}",,,bib5225,yes -10565-location-2,10565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.53, 142.87]]}",,,bib3264,no +10565-location-1,10565,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Wom language group is located about 22 kilometres (13 miles) WNW of Maprik in the Dreikikir Sub-District of the Maprik District of the East Sepik Province.""}",,,bib5248,yes +10565-location-2,10565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.53, 142.87]]}",,,bib3280,no 10565-location-3,10565,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik district, east of Wara Sikau; Dreikikir district, west of Maprik, 12 villages. Torricelli mountain foothills.""}",,,bib69,no -10565-location-4,10565,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Arisili, Bana, Bengil, Hambini, Luwaite, Selnau, Selni, Tumamba, and Waringambi.""}",,,bib4545,no -10565-speaker_number-1,10565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Franklin 1975: 14),bib5225,yes -10565-speakers-1,10565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Franklin 1975: 14),bib5225,yes +10565-location-4,10565,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Arisili, Bana, Bengil, Hambini, Luwaite, Selnau, Selni, Tumamba, and Waringambi.""}",,,bib4566,no +10565-speaker_number-1,10565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Franklin 1975: 14),bib5248,yes +10565-speakers-1,10565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Franklin 1975: 14),bib5248,yes 10565-speaker_number-2,10565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10565-speakers-2,10565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10565-speaker_number-3,10565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10565-speakers-3,10565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,885"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10565-LEI-1,10565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5225,yes -10565-vitality-1,10565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5225,yes +10565-speaker_number-3,10565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10565-speakers-3,10565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,885"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10565-LEI-1,10565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5248,yes +10565-vitality-1,10565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5248,yes 10565-LEI-2,10565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10565-vitality-2,10565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10565-LEI-3,10565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10565-vitality-3,10565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10566-location-1,10566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.38, 142.72]]}",,,bib3264,no +10565-LEI-3,10565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10565-vitality-3,10565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10566-location-1,10566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.38, 142.72]]}",,,bib3280,no 10566-location-2,10566,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, north of Yessip Mission; also East Sepik Province.""}",,,bib69,no -10566-location-3,10566,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Afua, Charok, Deia, Mihet, and Labuain.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10566-location-3,10566,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Afua, Charok, Deia, Mihet, and Labuain.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10566-speaker_number-1,10566,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10566-speakers-1,10566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10566-speaker_number-2,10566,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10566-speakers-2,10566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""614"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10566-speaker_number-2,10566,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10566-speakers-2,10566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""614"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10566-LEI-1,10566,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10566-vitality-1,10566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10566-LEI-2,10566,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10566-vitality-2,10566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10567-location-1,10567,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.58, 142.96]]}",,,bib3264,no +10566-LEI-2,10566,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10566-vitality-2,10566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10567-location-1,10567,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.58, 142.96]]}",,,bib3280,no 10567-location-2,10567,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik district, Torricelli mountains, west of Maprik. 36 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10567-location-3,10567,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""43 villages: Aperinga, Lehinga No. 1, Lehinga No. 2, Ningilimbi No. 1, Ningilimbi No. 2, Amahop, Ami, Amam, Aunyelim, Butika, Dahabiga, Higiabin, Kulange, Nilu, Ningalimbi, Nungalim, Sahali, Supari, Supa, Walahuta, Wamsak No. 1, Wamsak No.2, Albiname No. 1, Albinama No. 2, Albinama No. 3, Auwi, Balangabadangal, Balif, Bil, Bulamita, Hauingalif, Ilahita, Ilahop, Ilifwalum, Ingambus, Malahun, Moi No. 1, Moi No. 2, Namango, Utamup, Tatumba, and Wareli.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10567-location-3,10567,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""43 villages: Aperinga, Lehinga No. 1, Lehinga No. 2, Ningilimbi No. 1, Ningilimbi No. 2, Amahop, Ami, Amam, Aunyelim, Butika, Dahabiga, Higiabin, Kulange, Nilu, Ningalimbi, Nungalim, Sahali, Supari, Supa, Walahuta, Wamsak No. 1, Wamsak No.2, Albiname No. 1, Albinama No. 2, Albinama No. 3, Auwi, Balangabadangal, Balif, Bil, Bulamita, Hauingalif, Ilahita, Ilahop, Ilifwalum, Ingambus, Malahun, Moi No. 1, Moi No. 2, Namango, Utamup, Tatumba, and Wareli.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10567-speaker_number-1,10567,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,000 (1998 SIL). 6,000 Filifita (1999 SIL).",bib69,no 10567-speakers-1,10567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,000 (1998 SIL). 6,000 Filifita (1999 SIL).",bib69,no -10567-speaker_number-2,10567,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4545,yes -10567-speakers-2,10567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,646"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10567-speaker_number-2,10567,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4566,yes +10567-speakers-2,10567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,646"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10567-LEI-1,10567,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10567-vitality-1,10567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10567-LEI-2,10567,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10567-vitality-2,10567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10567-LEI-2,10567,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10567-vitality-2,10567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10568-context-1,10568,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""98%""}",,"98% also use Tok Pisin [tpi]. In language border areas many are trilingual (neighboring language, Tok Pisin, and Urim).",bib69,no -10568-location-1,10568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.79]]}",,,bib3264,no +10568-location-1,10568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 142.79]]}",,,bib3280,no 10568-location-2,10568,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik subdistrict, into Sandaun Province, Nuku subdistrict, southwest of Kombio. 16 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10568-location-3,10568,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Albulum, Kilmanglen, Kurungunam, Laninguap, Mimbiok, Nangen, Pagilo, Pineng, Wingamon, Womgrir, Yagrumbok No. 1, Yagrumbok No. 2, and Yauatong.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10568-location-3,10568,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Albulum, Kilmanglen, Kurungunam, Laninguap, Mimbiok, Nangen, Pagilo, Pineng, Wingamon, Womgrir, Yagrumbok No. 1, Yagrumbok No. 2, and Yauatong.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10568-speaker_number-1,10568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,40 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no 10568-speakers-1,10568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,40 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no -10568-speaker_number-2,10568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10568-speakers-2,10568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,538"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10568-speaker_number-2,10568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10568-speakers-2,10568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,538"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10568-LEI-1,10568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10568-vitality-1,10568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10568-LEI-2,10568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10568-vitality-2,10568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10568-LEI-2,10568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10568-vitality-2,10568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10569-speaker_number-1,10569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10569-speakers-1,10569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,560"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10570-location-1,10570,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.96, 144.12]]}",,,bib3264,no +10570-location-1,10570,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.96, 144.12]]}",,,bib3280,no 10570-location-2,10570,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram district.""}",,,bib69,no -10570-location-3,10570,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Ariapan, Boig, Bonam, Gavien, Kasiman, Mambel, Mangen, Mansep, Masan, Suk, and Waskurin.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10570-location-3,10570,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Ariapan, Boig, Bonam, Gavien, Kasiman, Mambel, Mangen, Mansep, Masan, Suk, and Waskurin.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10570-speaker_number-1,10570,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10570-speakers-1,10570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10570-speaker_number-2,10570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10570-speakers-2,10570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,259"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10570-speaker_number-2,10570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10570-speakers-2,10570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,259"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10570-LEI-1,10570,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10570-vitality-1,10570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10570-LEI-2,10570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10570-vitality-2,10570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10571-context-1,10571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""90%""}",,"At least 90% of the population are bilingual in Wand Tuan and Tok Pisin, and about 40-50% speak and understand English to some extent.",bib6495,yes -10571-location-1,10571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.85, 143.84]]}",,,bib3264,no -10571-location-2,10571,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""between Wewak and Angoram along the Angoram highway\"" in six villages: Wandomi, Yibab, Tring, Wau, Kamasau, and Kenyari.""}",,,bib6495,yes +10570-LEI-2,10570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10570-vitality-2,10570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10571-context-1,10571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""90%""}",,"At least 90% of the population are bilingual in Wand Tuan and Tok Pisin, and about 40-50% speak and understand English to some extent.",bib6519,yes +10571-location-1,10571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.85, 143.84]]}",,,bib3280,no +10571-location-2,10571,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""between Wewak and Angoram along the Angoram highway\"" in six villages: Wandomi, Yibab, Tring, Wau, Kamasau, and Kenyari.""}",,,bib6519,yes 10571-location-3,10571,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Wewak district. Segi dialect: Kamasau, Tring, and Wau villages; Hagi dialect: Kenyari; Ghini: Yibab, Wandomi, and Wobu.""}",,,bib69,no -10571-location-4,10571,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Hereng, Kamasau, Kenyari, Tring, Wandomi, Wau, and Yibab.""}",,,bib4545,no -10571-speaker_number-1,10571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6495,yes -10571-speakers-1,10571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6495,yes +10571-location-4,10571,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Hereng, Kamasau, Kenyari, Tring, Wandomi, Wau, and Yibab.""}",,,bib4566,no +10571-speaker_number-1,10571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6519,yes +10571-speakers-1,10571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6519,yes 10571-speaker_number-2,10571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10571-speakers-2,10571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10571-speaker_number-3,10571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10571-speakers-3,10571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""787"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10571-LEI-1,10571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6495,yes -10571-vitality-1,10571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6495,yes +10571-speaker_number-3,10571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10571-speakers-3,10571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""787"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10571-LEI-1,10571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6519,yes +10571-vitality-1,10571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6519,yes 10571-LEI-2,10571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10571-vitality-2,10571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10571-LEI-3,10571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10571-vitality-3,10571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10572-location-1,10572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.75, 143.93]]}",,,bib3264,no +10571-LEI-3,10571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10571-vitality-3,10571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10572-location-1,10572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.75, 143.93]]}",,,bib3280,no 10572-location-2,10572,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Samap coast area.""}",,,bib69,no -10572-location-3,10572,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Samap village""}",,,bib4545,yes +10572-location-3,10572,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Samap village""}",,,bib4566,yes 10572-speaker_number-1,10572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10572-speakers-1,10572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10572-speaker_number-2,10572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10572-speakers-2,10572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10572-speaker_number-2,10572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10572-speakers-2,10572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10572-LEI-1,10572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10572-vitality-1,10572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10572-LEI-2,10572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10572-vitality-2,10572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10574-location-1,10574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.79, 143.68]]}",,,bib3264,no +10572-LEI-2,10572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10572-vitality-2,10572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10574-location-1,10574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.79, 143.68]]}",,,bib3280,no 10574-location-2,10574,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, south southeast of Wewak.""}",,,bib69,no -10574-location-3,10574,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Mambe, Palpul, Patanda, Timaru, Yambem, and Muniwara.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10574-location-3,10574,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Mambe, Palpul, Patanda, Timaru, Yambem, and Muniwara.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10574-speakers-1,10574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,440"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,census,bib69,no -10574-speaker_number-2,10574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10574-speakers-2,10574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""826"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes -10574-LEI-1,10574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10574-vitality-1,10574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10575-location-1,10575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.86, 143.7]]}",,,bib3264,no +10574-speaker_number-2,10574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10574-speakers-2,10574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""826"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes +10574-LEI-1,10574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10574-vitality-1,10574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10575-location-1,10575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.86, 143.7]]}",,,bib3280,no 10575-location-2,10575,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, 35 km south of Wewak.""}",,,bib69,no -10575-location-3,10575,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Kowiro, Kumburrage, Paruwa, Samowia, Wamangu, Wambe, and Yari.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10575-location-3,10575,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Kowiro, Kumburrage, Paruwa, Samowia, Wamangu, Wambe, and Yari.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10575-speaker_number-1,10575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10575-speakers-1,10575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10575-speaker_number-2,10575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10575-speakers-2,10575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""835"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10575-speaker_number-2,10575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10575-speakers-2,10575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""835"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10575-LEI-1,10575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10575-vitality-1,10575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10575-LEI-2,10575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10575-vitality-2,10575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10576-location-1,10576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7, 143.8]]}",,,bib3264,no +10575-LEI-2,10575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10575-vitality-2,10575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10576-location-1,10576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7, 143.8]]}",,,bib3280,no 10576-location-2,10576,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Yaugiba is 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -10576-location-3,10576,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Bungain, Dagawat, Forok No. 1, Forok No. 2, Haregin, Kandai, Mundungai, Munjun, Musangun, Namareb, Sil/Sigan, Sinambila, Suanum, Taul, Terebu, Waibab, Wawat No. 1, Wawat No. 2, and Yaugiba.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10576-location-3,10576,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Bungain, Dagawat, Forok No. 1, Forok No. 2, Haregin, Kandai, Mundungai, Munjun, Musangun, Namareb, Sil/Sigan, Sinambila, Suanum, Taul, Terebu, Waibab, Wawat No. 1, Wawat No. 2, and Yaugiba.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10576-speaker_number-1,10576,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10576-speakers-1,10576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10576-speaker_number-2,10576,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10576-speakers-2,10576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,451"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10576-speaker_number-2,10576,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10576-speakers-2,10576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,451"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10576-LEI-1,10576,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10576-vitality-1,10576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10576-LEI-2,10576,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10576-vitality-2,10576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10577-location-1,10577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 144.95]]}",,,bib3264,no +10576-LEI-2,10576,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10576-vitality-2,10576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10577-location-1,10577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 144.95]]}",,,bib3280,no 10577-location-2,10577,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia District.""}",,,bib69,no -10577-location-3,10577,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Buaikulu, Kamasina, and Kosakosa villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10577-location-3,10577,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Buaikulu, Kamasina, and Kosakosa villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10577-speaker_number-1,10577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10577-speakers-1,10577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10577-speaker_number-2,10577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4545,yes -10577-speakers-2,10577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4545,yes +10577-speaker_number-2,10577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4566,yes +10577-speakers-2,10577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4566,yes 10577-LEI-1,10577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10577-vitality-1,10577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10577-LEI-2,10577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10577-vitality-2,10577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10578-location-1,10578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.35, 144.99]]}",,,bib3264,no +10577-LEI-2,10577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10577-vitality-2,10577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10578-location-1,10578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.35, 144.99]]}",,,bib3280,no 10578-location-2,10578,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district.""}",,,bib69,no -10578-location-3,10578,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Ambana, Babangauna, Dalua, Kwongam, and Lilau.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10578-location-3,10578,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Ambana, Babangauna, Dalua, Kwongam, and Lilau.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10578-speaker_number-1,10578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 10578-speakers-1,10578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -10578-speaker_number-2,10578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4545,yes -10578-speakers-2,10578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4545,yes +10578-speaker_number-2,10578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4566,yes +10578-speakers-2,10578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data from Z'graggen (1971),bib4566,yes 10578-LEI-1,10578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10578-vitality-1,10578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10578-LEI-2,10578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10578-vitality-2,10578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10579-location-1,10579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.06, 140.65]]}",,,bib3264,no +10578-LEI-2,10578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10578-vitality-2,10578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10579-location-1,10579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.06, 140.65]]}",,,bib3280,no 10579-location-2,10579,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Pegunungan Bintang regency, Okbibab subdistrict, border area east and north of Sobger river, south of Ji mountain.""}",,,bib69,yes -10579-location-3,10579,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sobger River""}",,Spoken by two ethnic groups totalling some 1000 L1 speakers in the border area east and north of the Sobger river.,bib3265,no -10579-location-4,10579,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Afene, Kwutiye, Rapre, and Raru.""}",,,bib4545,no +10579-location-3,10579,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sobger River""}",,Spoken by two ethnic groups totalling some 1000 L1 speakers in the border area east and north of the Sobger river.,bib3281,no +10579-location-4,10579,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Afene, Kwutiye, Rapre, and Raru.""}",,,bib4566,no 10579-speaker_number-1,10579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,yes 10579-speakers-1,10579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""400 (2013 M. Donohue)""}",,,bib69,yes -10579-speaker_number-2,10579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Despite only having some 1,000 native speakers, the language is spoken as an L2 by even smaller neighbouring ethnic groups.",bib3265,no -10579-speakers-2,10579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Despite only having some 1,000 native speakers, the language is spoken as an L2 by even smaller neighbouring ethnic groups.",bib3265,no -10579-speaker_number-3,10579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10579-speakers-3,10579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10579-LEI-1,10579,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3264,no -10579-transmission-1,10579,transmission,0,transmission-0,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3264,no -10579-vitality-1,10579,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3264,no +10579-speaker_number-2,10579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Despite only having some 1,000 native speakers, the language is spoken as an L2 by even smaller neighbouring ethnic groups.",bib3281,no +10579-speakers-2,10579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Despite only having some 1,000 native speakers, the language is spoken as an L2 by even smaller neighbouring ethnic groups.",bib3281,no +10579-speaker_number-3,10579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10579-speakers-3,10579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10579-LEI-1,10579,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3280,no +10579-transmission-1,10579,transmission,0,transmission-0,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3280,no +10579-vitality-1,10579,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Yetfa is being transmitted to children.,bib3280,no 10579-LEI-2,10579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10579-vitality-2,10579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10579-LEI-3,10579,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -10579-transmission-3,10579,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3265,no -10579-vitality-3,10579,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3265,no -10579-LEI-4,10579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10579-vitality-4,10579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10580-location-1,10580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 141.82]]}",,,bib3264,no +10579-LEI-3,10579,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +10579-transmission-3,10579,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3281,no +10579-vitality-3,10579,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3281,no +10579-LEI-4,10579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10579-vitality-4,10579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10580-location-1,10580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 141.82]]}",,,bib3280,no 10580-location-2,10580,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Sepik river, Mowi and Iyomempwi villages; May river villages and surrounding lakes and tributaries to Premai village.""}",,,bib69,yes 10580-speaker_number-1,10580,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(NTM),bib69,yes 10580-speakers-1,10580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(NTM),bib69,yes 10580-LEI-1,10580,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10580-vitality-1,10580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10581-location-1,10581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.31, 142.12]]}",,,bib3264,no +10581-location-1,10581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.31, 142.12]]}",,,bib3280,no 10581-location-2,10581,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Sepik river villages, lagoons north and south, Iniok village downstream to Leonard Schultze river.""}",,,bib69,yes 10581-speaker_number-1,10581,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,yes 10581-speakers-1,10581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,yes 10581-LEI-1,10581,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10581-vitality-1,10581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10582-location-1,10582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.05, 142.0]]}",,,bib3264,no +10582-location-1,10582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.05, 142.0]]}",,,bib3280,no 10582-location-2,10582,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik and Sandaun provinces, on Wagana river, near confluence with Wanibe creek.""}",,,bib69,no -10582-location-3,10582,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Magaleri village""}",,,bib4545,yes +10582-location-3,10582,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Magaleri village""}",,,bib4566,yes 10582-speaker_number-1,10582,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10582-speakers-1,10582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10582-speaker_number-2,10582,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10582-speakers-2,10582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""388"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10582-speaker_number-2,10582,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10582-speakers-2,10582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""388"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10582-LEI-1,10582,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10582-vitality-1,10582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10582-LEI-2,10582,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10582-vitality-2,10582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10582-LEI-2,10582,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10582-vitality-2,10582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10583-context-1,10583,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10583-location-1,10583,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.23, 142.4]]}",,,bib3264,no +10583-location-1,10583,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.23, 142.4]]}",,,bib3280,no 10583-location-2,10583,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, juncture of Niksek (April) and Sepik rivers. 4 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10583-location-3,10583,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Biaga, Kubkain, Waskuk (on Sepik), and Yambunumbu.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10583-location-3,10583,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Biaga, Kubkain, Waskuk (on Sepik), and Yambunumbu.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10583-speaker_number-1,10583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10583-speakers-1,10583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10583-speaker_number-2,10583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10583-speakers-2,10583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""368"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10583-speaker_number-2,10583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10583-speakers-2,10583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""368"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10583-LEI-1,10583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10583-vitality-1,10583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10583-LEI-2,10583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10583-vitality-2,10583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10584-context-1,10584,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a definite sense of endangerment in Krisa, with older people in particular expressing distress at the perceived loss of the I'saka language.""}",,,bib2240,yes -10584-location-1,10584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8, 141.3]]}",,,bib3264,no -10584-location-2,10584,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Krisa village, the offshoot settlement of Pasi, and numerous bush camps near Mt. Asowa.""}",,,bib2240,yes +10583-LEI-2,10583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10583-vitality-2,10583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10584-context-1,10584,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a definite sense of endangerment in Krisa, with older people in particular expressing distress at the perceived loss of the I'saka language.""}",,,bib2253,yes +10584-location-1,10584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8, 141.3]]}",,,bib3280,no +10584-location-2,10584,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Krisa village, the offshoot settlement of Pasi, and numerous bush camps near Mt. Asowa.""}",,,bib2253,yes 10584-location-3,10584,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province near coast.""}",,,bib69,no -10584-location-4,10584,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Krisa and Waterstone villages""}",,,bib4545,no -10584-speaker_number-1,10584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Laycock 1971),bib2240,yes -10584-speakers-1,10584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Laycock 1971),bib2240,yes +10584-location-4,10584,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Krisa and Waterstone villages""}",,,bib4566,no +10584-speaker_number-1,10584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Laycock 1971),bib2253,yes +10584-speakers-1,10584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Laycock 1971),bib2253,yes 10584-speaker_number-2,10584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10584-speakers-2,10584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10584-speaker_number-3,10584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10584-speakers-3,10584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10584-LEI-1,10584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2240,yes -10584-transmission-1,10584,transmission,3,transmission-3,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2240,yes -10584-domains_of_use-1,10584,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2240,yes -10584-vitality-1,10584,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2240,yes +10584-speaker_number-3,10584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10584-speakers-3,10584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10584-LEI-1,10584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2253,yes +10584-transmission-1,10584,transmission,3,transmission-3,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2253,yes +10584-domains_of_use-1,10584,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2253,yes +10584-vitality-1,10584,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"I'saka is no longer being widely learnt as a first language, although the extent of this decline, as opposed to diglossia, is difficult to ascertain, as it seems that children’s passive knowledge of the language greatly exceeds their active capabilities.",bib2253,yes 10584-LEI-2,10584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10584-vitality-2,10584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10584-LEI-3,10584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10584-vitality-3,10584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10585-location-1,10585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.84, 141.6]]}",,,bib3264,no +10584-LEI-3,10584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10584-vitality-3,10584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10585-location-1,10585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.84, 141.6]]}",,,bib3280,no 10585-location-2,10585,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province coast, 35 km east of Vanimo, Rawo and Leitre area.""}",,,bib69,no -10585-location-3,10585,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Howage, Rawo, and Taris villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10585-location-3,10585,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Howage, Rawo, and Taris villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10585-speaker_number-1,10585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10585-speakers-1,10585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10585-speaker_number-2,10585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10585-speakers-2,10585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""506"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10585-speaker_number-2,10585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10585-speakers-2,10585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""506"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10585-LEI-1,10585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10585-vitality-1,10585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10585-LEI-2,10585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10585-vitality-2,10585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10586-context-1,10586,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mulao are classified as belonging to the Gelao nationality, but Mulao do not understand other Gelao languages. There are only a few elderly speakers (possibly already dead) in Longli (龍里), Majiang (麻江), Guizhou, China.",bib7967,yes -10586-context-2,10586,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese or other minority languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""mostly in the ‘unclassified nationality’ group but a few classified in Mulao, the Mulam Kam-Sui nationality of northern Guangxi... Much of the group speaks only Chinese or other minority languages"" (p.406)",bib1205,no -10586-location-1,10586,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Longli (\u9f8d\u91cc), Majiang (\u9ebb\u6c5f), Guizhou Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.519, 106.984], [26.525, 107.59]]}",,,bib7967,yes -10586-location-2,10586,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Guizhou Province, Majiang County and surrounding areas""}",,,bib1205,no -10586-speakers-1,10586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""only a few elderly speakers""}",,,bib7967,yes -10586-speakers-2,10586,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000""}",,language uninvestigated and severely endangered,bib1205,no -10586-LEI-1,10586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7967,yes -10586-transmission-1,10586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7967,yes -10586-speaker_number_trends-1,10586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7967,yes -10586-vitality-1,10586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7967,yes -10586-LEI-2,10586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -10586-transmission-2,10586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -10586-speaker_number_trends-2,10586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -10586-vitality-2,10586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,no -10587-context-1,10587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian/Papuan Malay""}",,"[I]t is unlikely that a casual visitor will hear any Skou spoken: almost all members of the villages, the only exceptions being some particularly old men and especially women, are competently bilingual.",bib2234,yes +10585-LEI-2,10585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10585-vitality-2,10585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10586-context-1,10586,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mulao are classified as belonging to the Gelao nationality, but Mulao do not understand other Gelao languages. There are only a few elderly speakers (possibly already dead) in Longli (龍里), Majiang (麻江), Guizhou, China.",bib7992,yes +10586-context-2,10586,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese or other minority languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""mostly in the ‘unclassified nationality’ group but a few classified in Mulao, the Mulam Kam-Sui nationality of northern Guangxi... Much of the group speaks only Chinese or other minority languages"" (p.406)",bib1214,no +10586-location-1,10586,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Longli (\u9f8d\u91cc), Majiang (\u9ebb\u6c5f), Guizhou Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.519, 106.984], [26.525, 107.59]]}",,,bib7992,yes +10586-location-2,10586,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Guizhou Province, Majiang County and surrounding areas""}",,,bib1214,no +10586-speakers-1,10586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""only a few elderly speakers""}",,,bib7992,yes +10586-speakers-2,10586,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000""}",,language uninvestigated and severely endangered,bib1214,no +10586-LEI-1,10586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7992,yes +10586-transmission-1,10586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7992,yes +10586-speaker_number_trends-1,10586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7992,yes +10586-vitality-1,10586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7992,yes +10586-LEI-2,10586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +10586-transmission-2,10586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +10586-speaker_number_trends-2,10586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +10586-vitality-2,10586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,no +10587-context-1,10587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian/Papuan Malay""}",,"[I]t is unlikely that a casual visitor will hear any Skou spoken: almost all members of the villages, the only exceptions being some particularly old men and especially women, are competently bilingual.",bib2247,yes 10587-context-2,10587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy], Vanimo [vam], Wutung [wut]""}",,,bib69,no -10587-location-1,10587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.64, 140.9]]}",,,bib3264,no -10587-location-2,10587,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: \""The language is spoken with minimal dialectal variation by the inhabitants of three villages, Skou Yambe, Skou Mabo and Skou Sai, in the centre of the north coast of New Guinea...\""""}",,,bib2234,yes +10587-location-1,10587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.64, 140.9]]}",,,bib3280,no +10587-location-2,10587,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: \""The language is spoken with minimal dialectal variation by the inhabitants of three villages, Skou Yambe, Skou Mabo and Skou Sai, in the centre of the north coast of New Guinea...\""""}",,,bib2247,yes 10587-location-3,10587,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, east of Jayapura, north coast border area, Tami river mouth, Sko-Yambe, Sko-Mabu, and Sko-Sai villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10587-location-4,10587,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sko-Jambo, Sko-Mabo, and Sko-Sai villages""}",,,bib4545,no -10587-speaker_number-1,10587,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are approximately 700 members of the ethnic group that speaks the language...,bib2234,yes -10587-speakers-1,10587,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are approximately 700 members of the ethnic group that speaks the language...,bib2234,yes +10587-location-4,10587,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sko-Jambo, Sko-Mabo, and Sko-Sai villages""}",,,bib4566,no +10587-speaker_number-1,10587,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are approximately 700 members of the ethnic group that speaks the language...,bib2247,yes +10587-speakers-1,10587,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are approximately 700 members of the ethnic group that speaks the language...,bib2247,yes 10587-speaker_number-2,10587,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(M. Donohue),bib69,no 10587-speakers-2,10587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(M. Donohue),bib69,no -10587-speaker_number-3,10587,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,population estimate from Galis (1955),bib4545,no -10587-speakers-3,10587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,population estimate from Galis (1955),bib4545,no -10587-LEI-1,10587,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2234,yes -10587-transmission-1,10587,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2234,yes -10587-domains_of_use-1,10587,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2234,yes -10587-vitality-1,10587,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2234,yes +10587-speaker_number-3,10587,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,population estimate from Galis (1955),bib4566,no +10587-speakers-3,10587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,population estimate from Galis (1955),bib4566,no +10587-LEI-1,10587,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2247,yes +10587-transmission-1,10587,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2247,yes +10587-domains_of_use-1,10587,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2247,yes +10587-vitality-1,10587,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Although children attending school do not speak the language, it is apparent that they do understand it, as they are frequently addressed in it by their parents and other elders.",bib2247,yes 10587-LEI-2,10587,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10587-transmission-2,10587,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib69,no 10587-vitality-2,10587,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib69,no -10587-LEI-3,10587,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10587-vitality-3,10587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10588-context-1,10588,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, commerce (Tok Pisin)"", ""education (English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""To Vanimo speakers, Vanimo has a great deal of internal prestige.""}",,,bib4497,yes -10588-location-1,10588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.69, 141.26]]}",,,bib3264,no +10587-LEI-3,10587,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10587-vitality-3,10587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10588-context-1,10588,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, commerce (Tok Pisin)"", ""education (English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""To Vanimo speakers, Vanimo has a great deal of internal prestige.""}",,,bib4518,yes +10588-location-1,10588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.69, 141.26]]}",,,bib3280,no 10588-location-2,10588,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Vanimo district. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10588-location-3,10588,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province: three villages along the coast: Lido (Vanimo), Warimo, and Yako.""}",,,bib4497,yes -10588-location-4,10588,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Isi, Vanimo, Warimo, and Yako.""}",,,bib4545,no +10588-location-3,10588,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province: three villages along the coast: Lido (Vanimo), Warimo, and Yako.""}",,,bib4518,yes +10588-location-4,10588,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Isi, Vanimo, Warimo, and Yako.""}",,,bib4566,no 10588-speaker_number-1,10588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10588-speakers-1,10588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,670"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10588-speaker_number-2,10588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,approximately 1660 speakers,bib4497,yes -10588-speakers-2,10588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,660"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,approximately 1660 speakers,bib4497,yes -10588-speaker_number-3,10588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10588-speakers-3,10588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,395"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970P"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10588-speaker_number-2,10588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,approximately 1660 speakers,bib4518,yes +10588-speakers-2,10588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,660"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,approximately 1660 speakers,bib4518,yes +10588-speaker_number-3,10588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10588-speakers-3,10588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,395"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970P"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10588-LEI-1,10588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10588-vitality-1,10588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10588-LEI-2,10588,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4497,yes -10588-transmission-2,10588,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4497,yes -10588-vitality-2,10588,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4497,yes -10588-LEI-3,10588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10588-vitality-3,10588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10588-LEI-2,10588,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4518,yes +10588-transmission-2,10588,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4518,yes +10588-vitality-2,10588,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4518,yes +10588-LEI-3,10588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10588-vitality-3,10588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10589-context-1,10589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Skou [sko]""}",,,bib69,no -10589-location-1,10589,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.65, 141.1]]}",,,bib3264,no +10589-location-1,10589,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.65, 141.1]]}",,,bib3280,no 10589-location-2,10589,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Musu and Wutung villages""}",,"Laycock includes a separate languages ""Sangke"", which, based on data from Galis (1955), he writes is spoken in three villages in West Irian (modern day Papua Province), Indonesia: Njao-Nemo, Sangke, and Kofo. But apparently these populations have moved across the border into the present-day Papua New Guinean village of Nyao (Donohue 2004).",bib69,no 10589-speaker_number-1,10589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10589-speakers-1,10589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10589-speaker_number-2,10589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This estimate is a combination of the speaker numbers for Sangke (200, as cited in Galis 1955) and Wutung (410).",bib4545,yes -10589-speakers-2,10589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955, 1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This estimate is a combination of the speaker numbers for Sangke (200, as cited in Galis 1955) and Wutung (410).",bib4545,yes +10589-speaker_number-2,10589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This estimate is a combination of the speaker numbers for Sangke (200, as cited in Galis 1955) and Wutung (410).",bib4566,yes +10589-speakers-2,10589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955, 1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This estimate is a combination of the speaker numbers for Sangke (200, as cited in Galis 1955) and Wutung (410).",bib4566,yes 10589-LEI-1,10589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10589-vitality-1,10589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10589-LEI-2,10589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10589-vitality-2,10589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10589-LEI-2,10589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10589-vitality-2,10589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10590-context-1,10590,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""90% also use Tok Pisin [tpi].""}",,,bib69,no -10590-context-2,10590,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""For children: \""There is a strong appreciation of their own language and culture, but on the other hand there is no real shame involved in admitting to have poor mother tongue language skills.\""""}",,,bib4702,yes -10590-location-1,10590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.97, 141.32]]}",,,bib3264,no +10590-context-2,10590,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""For children: \""There is a strong appreciation of their own language and culture, but on the other hand there is no real shame involved in admitting to have poor mother tongue language skills.\""""}",,,bib4724,yes +10590-location-1,10590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.97, 141.32]]}",,,bib3280,no 10590-location-2,10590,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Green River district, Sepik and Green rivers.""}",,,bib69,no -10590-location-3,10590,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: \""The language area consists of the villages to the immediate east and west of the Green River Station, as well as the villages along the Sepik River and its tributaries, starting at the border with Indonesian Papua (the Indonesian province of Papua, formerly Irian Jaya) all the way down to the border with the East Sepik.\""""}",,,bib4702,yes -10590-location-4,10590,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""30 villages in Papua New Guinea: Abaru, Dieru, Iburu, Minaburu, Ogru, Simia, Baiuwai, Baio, Biake No. 1, Biake No. 2, Buna, Hifi, Iaburu, Idam No. 1, Idam No. 2, Ileis, Imnai, Isu, Kaseiru, Kobararu, Maha, Mahani, Musuasi, Sereian, Waiar, Wauru, Yaseiru, Beimap, Wagu No. 1, and Weidoru. 8? villages in Indonesia: Buriap, Yabal, and 6 more?""}",,,bib4545,no +10590-location-3,10590,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: \""The language area consists of the villages to the immediate east and west of the Green River Station, as well as the villages along the Sepik River and its tributaries, starting at the border with Indonesian Papua (the Indonesian province of Papua, formerly Irian Jaya) all the way down to the border with the East Sepik.\""""}",,,bib4724,yes +10590-location-4,10590,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""30 villages in Papua New Guinea: Abaru, Dieru, Iburu, Minaburu, Ogru, Simia, Baiuwai, Baio, Biake No. 1, Biake No. 2, Buna, Hifi, Iaburu, Idam No. 1, Idam No. 2, Ileis, Imnai, Isu, Kaseiru, Kobararu, Maha, Mahani, Musuasi, Sereian, Waiar, Wauru, Yaseiru, Beimap, Wagu No. 1, and Weidoru. 8? villages in Indonesia: Buriap, Yabal, and 6 more?""}",,,bib4566,no 10590-speaker_number-1,10590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2000 census) 0 monolinguals.,bib69,no 10590-speakers-1,10590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2000 census) 0 monolinguals.,bib69,no -10590-speaker_number-2,10590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4702,yes -10590-speakers-2,10590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4702,yes -10590-speaker_number-3,10590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10590-speakers-3,10590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,545"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10590-speaker_number-2,10590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4724,yes +10590-speakers-2,10590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4724,yes +10590-speaker_number-3,10590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10590-speakers-3,10590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,545"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10590-LEI-1,10590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10590-vitality-1,10590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10590-LEI-2,10590,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4702,yes -10590-domains_of_use-2,10590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4702,yes -10590-speaker_number_trends-2,10590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib4702,yes -10590-vitality-2,10590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4702,yes -10590-LEI-3,10590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10590-vitality-3,10590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10590-LEI-2,10590,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4724,yes +10590-domains_of_use-2,10590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4724,yes +10590-speaker_number_trends-2,10590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib4724,yes +10590-vitality-2,10590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4724,yes +10590-LEI-3,10590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10590-vitality-3,10590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10591-context-1,10591,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10591-context-2,10591,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The general attitude of the people toward their language is very positive. However, they also want their children to know Tok Pisin to be able to communicate with people from other languages and to get employment in towns.""}",,The monolingual speakers are mostly children under age five and women of varied ages. We know of no male over the age of five who is not at least partially bilingual in Tok Pisin. ,bib2616,yes -10591-location-1,10591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 141.86]]}",,,bib3264,no +10591-context-2,10591,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The general attitude of the people toward their language is very positive. However, they also want their children to know Tok Pisin to be able to communicate with people from other languages and to get employment in towns.""}",,The monolingual speakers are mostly children under age five and women of varied ages. We know of no male over the age of five who is not at least partially bilingual in Tok Pisin. ,bib2629,yes +10591-location-1,10591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 141.86]]}",,,bib3280,no 10591-location-2,10591,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Lumi, East and West Wapei districts. 7 villages: Yukilau, Komtin, Wulme, Wokien, Kiliauto, Maurom, Bulawa.""}",,,bib69,no -10591-location-3,10591,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lumi District, Sandaun Province: 7 villages: Maurom, Yukilau, Wokien, Kiliauto, Motilau, Pulwa (Makol/Yotale), and T\u0268mkailau""}",,,bib2616,yes -10591-location-4,10591,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Giliato, Maurom, Wokien, and Yukilo.""}",,,bib4545,no +10591-location-3,10591,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lumi District, Sandaun Province: 7 villages: Maurom, Yukilau, Wokien, Kiliauto, Motilau, Pulwa (Makol/Yotale), and T\u0268mkailau""}",,,bib2629,yes +10591-location-4,10591,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Giliato, Maurom, Wokien, and Yukilo.""}",,,bib4566,no 10591-speaker_number-1,10591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10591-speakers-1,10591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10591-speaker_number-2,10591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population figures are from a person census taken of the seven Pouye-speaking villages (800 people, 1991) and those living outside the village (17 people, 1993).",bib2616,yes -10591-speakers-2,10591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<817"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991, 1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population figures are from a person census taken of the seven Pouye-speaking villages (800 people, 1991) and those living outside the village (17 people, 1993).",bib2616,yes -10591-speaker_number-3,10591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10591-speakers-3,10591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10591-speaker_number-2,10591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population figures are from a person census taken of the seven Pouye-speaking villages (800 people, 1991) and those living outside the village (17 people, 1993).",bib2629,yes +10591-speakers-2,10591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<817"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991, 1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population figures are from a person census taken of the seven Pouye-speaking villages (800 people, 1991) and those living outside the village (17 people, 1993).",bib2629,yes +10591-speaker_number-3,10591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10591-speakers-3,10591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10591-LEI-1,10591,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10591-vitality-1,10591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10591-LEI-2,10591,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2616,yes -10591-transmission-2,10591,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2616,yes -10591-domains_of_use-2,10591,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2616,yes -10591-vitality-2,10591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2616,yes -10591-LEI-3,10591,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10591-vitality-3,10591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10592-context-1,10592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib2588,yes +10591-LEI-2,10591,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2629,yes +10591-transmission-2,10591,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2629,yes +10591-domains_of_use-2,10591,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2629,yes +10591-vitality-2,10591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Overall, the vernacular is used much more than Tok Pisin is.",bib2629,yes +10591-LEI-3,10591,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10591-vitality-3,10591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10592-context-1,10592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib2601,yes 10592-location-1,10592,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,,bib69,no -10592-location-2,10592,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""South-west Wapei Census Division of the Lumi District, Sandaun Province: 5 villages: Kamnum, Gutaiye, Wiup, Tubum, and Galgatu."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.58, 142.5]]}",,,bib2588,yes -10592-location-3,10592,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Galgatu, Gutaiya, Kamnun, Tubum, and Wiup.""}",,,bib4545,no +10592-location-2,10592,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""South-west Wapei Census Division of the Lumi District, Sandaun Province: 5 villages: Kamnum, Gutaiye, Wiup, Tubum, and Galgatu."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.58, 142.5]]}",,,bib2601,yes +10592-location-3,10592,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Galgatu, Gutaiya, Kamnun, Tubum, and Wiup.""}",,,bib4566,no 10592-speakers-1,10592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10592-speaker_number-2,10592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Awtuw is the first language of about 400 people living in five villages...,bib2588,yes -10592-speakers-2,10592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Awtuw is the first language of about 400 people living in five villages...,bib2588,yes -10592-speaker_number-3,10592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10592-speakers-3,10592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""377"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10592-LEI-1,10592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2588,yes -10592-vitality-1,10592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2588,yes -10592-LEI-2,10592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10592-vitality-2,10592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10593-location-1,10593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.16, 142.57]]}",,,bib3264,no +10592-speaker_number-2,10592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Awtuw is the first language of about 400 people living in five villages...,bib2601,yes +10592-speakers-2,10592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Awtuw is the first language of about 400 people living in five villages...,bib2601,yes +10592-speaker_number-3,10592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10592-speakers-3,10592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""377"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10592-LEI-1,10592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2601,yes +10592-vitality-1,10592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2601,yes +10592-LEI-2,10592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10592-vitality-2,10592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10593-location-1,10593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.16, 142.57]]}",,,bib3280,no 10593-location-2,10593,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district; Sandaun Province, Wan Wan district, south of Mehek. 10 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10593-location-3,10593,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Maio, Yessan, Asawur, Nau'ali, Yaunget, Warasai, and Alikai.""}",,,bib4545,no -10593-location-4,10593,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ambunti Sub-district, East Sepik Province""}",,,bib2686,yes +10593-location-3,10593,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Maio, Yessan, Asawur, Nau'ali, Yaunget, Warasai, and Alikai.""}",,,bib4566,no +10593-location-4,10593,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ambunti Sub-district, East Sepik Province""}",,,bib2699,yes 10593-speaker_number-1,10593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2000 census). 993 Yawu dialect (2000 census).,bib69,no 10593-speakers-1,10593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,990"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2000 census). 993 Yawu dialect (2000 census).,bib69,no -10593-speaker_number-2,10593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10593-speakers-2,10593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""599"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10593-speaker_number-3,10593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The major dialect is spoken by more than 500 people...,bib2686,yes -10593-speakers-3,10593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The major dialect is spoken by more than 500 people...,bib2686,yes +10593-speaker_number-2,10593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10593-speakers-2,10593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""599"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10593-speaker_number-3,10593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The major dialect is spoken by more than 500 people...,bib2699,yes +10593-speakers-3,10593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The major dialect is spoken by more than 500 people...,bib2699,yes 10593-LEI-1,10593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10593-vitality-1,10593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10593-LEI-2,10593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10593-vitality-2,10593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10593-LEI-3,10593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2686,yes -10593-vitality-3,10593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2686,yes -10594-context-1,10594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib3709,yes -10594-location-1,10594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.95, 142.31]]}",,,bib3264,no +10593-LEI-2,10593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10593-vitality-2,10593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10593-LEI-3,10593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2699,yes +10593-vitality-3,10593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2699,yes +10594-context-1,10594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib3728,yes +10594-location-1,10594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.95, 142.31]]}",,,bib3280,no 10594-location-2,10594,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, southeast corner, Wan Wan division. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10594-location-3,10594,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wan Wan Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib3709,yes -10594-location-4,10594,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yimin village.""}",,,bib4545,no +10594-location-3,10594,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wan Wan Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib3728,yes +10594-location-4,10594,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yimin village.""}",,,bib4566,no 10594-speaker_number-1,10594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10594-speakers-1,10594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10594-speaker_number-2,10594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The population of Yimi village (153) plus one (1) absentee speaker.,bib3709,yes -10594-speakers-2,10594,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""154"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<154"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The population of Yimi village (153) plus one (1) absentee speaker.,bib3709,yes -10594-speaker_number-3,10594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10594-speakers-3,10594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""161"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10594-speaker_number-2,10594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The population of Yimi village (153) plus one (1) absentee speaker.,bib3728,yes +10594-speakers-2,10594,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""154"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<154"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The population of Yimi village (153) plus one (1) absentee speaker.,bib3728,yes +10594-speaker_number-3,10594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10594-speakers-3,10594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""161"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10594-LEI-1,10594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10594-vitality-1,10594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10594-LEI-2,10594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3709,yes -10594-vitality-2,10594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3709,yes -10594-LEI-3,10594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10594-vitality-3,10594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10595-context-1,10595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib3709,yes -10595-location-1,10595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 142.3]]}",,,bib3264,no +10594-LEI-2,10594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes +10594-vitality-2,10594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes +10594-LEI-3,10594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10594-vitality-3,10594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10595-context-1,10595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib3728,yes +10595-location-1,10595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 142.3]]}",,,bib3280,no 10595-location-2,10595,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, north into Maimai Namblo division.""}",,,bib69,no -10595-location-3,10595,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wan Wan Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib3709,yes -10595-location-4,10595,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Wosapom, Yauaw, Yimauwi, and Maimai No. 3.""}",,,bib4545,no +10595-location-3,10595,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wan Wan Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib3728,yes +10595-location-4,10595,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Wosapom, Yauaw, Yimauwi, and Maimai No. 3.""}",,,bib4566,no 10595-speaker_number-1,10595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10595-speakers-1,10595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10595-speaker_number-2,10595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The population of Wosapom (168) + Yauwa (135) + Yimauwi (263) + 12 absentee speakers + 20 Pahi speakers in Maimai No. 3.,bib3709,yes -10595-speakers-2,10595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""598"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<598"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The population of Wosapom (168) + Yauwa (135) + Yimauwi (263) + 12 absentee speakers + 20 Pahi speakers in Maimai No. 3.,bib3709,yes -10595-speaker_number-3,10595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10595-speakers-3,10595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""544"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +10595-speaker_number-2,10595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The population of Wosapom (168) + Yauwa (135) + Yimauwi (263) + 12 absentee speakers + 20 Pahi speakers in Maimai No. 3.,bib3728,yes +10595-speakers-2,10595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""598"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<598"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The population of Wosapom (168) + Yauwa (135) + Yimauwi (263) + 12 absentee speakers + 20 Pahi speakers in Maimai No. 3.,bib3728,yes +10595-speaker_number-3,10595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10595-speakers-3,10595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""544"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 10595-LEI-1,10595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10595-vitality-1,10595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10595-LEI-2,10595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3709,yes -10595-vitality-2,10595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3709,yes -10595-LEI-3,10595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10595-vitality-3,10595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10595-LEI-2,10595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes +10595-vitality-2,10595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes +10595-LEI-3,10595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10595-vitality-3,10595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10597-context-1,10597,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10597-context-2,10597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive""}",,,bib1341,yes -10597-location-1,10597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.71, 142.5]]}",,,bib3264,no +10597-context-2,10597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive""}",,,bib1350,yes +10597-location-1,10597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.71, 142.5]]}",,,bib3280,no 10597-location-2,10597,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku district, Makru-Klaplei area, Torricelli mountains lower foothills, southeast of Siliput. 9 large villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10597-location-3,10597,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Ifkindu, Klaplei No. 1, Klaplei No. 2, Klaplei No. 3, Mantsuku, Nuku, Wilwil, and Yiminim.""}",,,bib4545,no -10597-location-4,10597,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Makru-Klaplei Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province: 9 villages: Akosamei 2, Klaplei 1, Klaplei 2, Klaplei 3, Wilwil, Ifkindu, Yiminum, Mantsuku, and Nuku.""}",,,bib1341,yes +10597-location-3,10597,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Ifkindu, Klaplei No. 1, Klaplei No. 2, Klaplei No. 3, Mantsuku, Nuku, Wilwil, and Yiminim.""}",,,bib4566,no +10597-location-4,10597,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Makru-Klaplei Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province: 9 villages: Akosamei 2, Klaplei 1, Klaplei 2, Klaplei 3, Wilwil, Ifkindu, Yiminum, Mantsuku, and Nuku.""}",,,bib1350,yes 10597-speaker_number-1,10597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,SIL,bib69,no 10597-speakers-1,10597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,SIL,bib69,no -10597-speaker_number-2,10597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10597-speakers-2,10597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,336"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10597-speaker_number-3,10597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"census data on the population of 9 villages (3,591) + absentee residents (436)",bib1341,yes -10597-speakers-3,10597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,027"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"census data on the population of 9 villages (3,591) + absentee residents (436)",bib1341,yes +10597-speaker_number-2,10597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10597-speakers-2,10597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,336"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10597-speaker_number-3,10597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"census data on the population of 9 villages (3,591) + absentee residents (436)",bib1350,yes +10597-speakers-3,10597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,027"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"census data on the population of 9 villages (3,591) + absentee residents (436)",bib1350,yes 10597-LEI-1,10597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10597-vitality-1,10597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10597-LEI-2,10597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10597-vitality-2,10597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10597-LEI-3,10597,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1341,yes -10597-domains_of_use-3,10597,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1341,yes -10597-vitality-3,10597,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1341,yes -10598-location-1,10598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.93985, 142.217]]}",,,bib3264,no +10597-LEI-2,10597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10597-vitality-2,10597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10597-LEI-3,10597,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1350,yes +10597-domains_of_use-3,10597,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1350,yes +10597-vitality-3,10597,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1350,yes +10598-location-1,10598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.93985, 142.217]]}",,,bib3280,no 10598-location-2,10598,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Sepik Iwam area, northwest of Hauna.""}",,,bib69,no -10598-location-3,10598,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yawa and Yilui villages.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10598-location-3,10598,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yawa and Yilui villages.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10598-speaker_number-1,10598,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10598-speakers-1,10598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10598-speaker_number-2,10598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10598-speakers-2,10598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""820"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10598-speaker_number-2,10598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10598-speakers-2,10598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""820"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10598-LEI-1,10598,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10598-vitality-1,10598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10598-LEI-2,10598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10598-vitality-2,10598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10600-context-1,10600,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""school""}",,,bib2589,yes +10598-LEI-2,10598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10598-vitality-2,10598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10600-context-1,10600,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""school""}",,,bib2602,yes 10600-context-2,10600,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib69,no -10600-location-1,10600,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lumi sub-district of the West Sepik Province: 21 villages and one government station: Aiendami, Mokwidami, Mantopai, and Yawari in the northwest (Lawo) area; Yegarapi, Yaru, Norambalip, and the Edwaki (Yellow River) station in the central (Edwaki) area; Alai, Naum, Akwom, Warkori (Worukori), Makme, and Nami in the southwest (Wiyari) area; Iwani, Wakou, and Aukwom (Augam) in the southwest (Ewane) area; and Tipas (Ameni), Elmoli (Panewai 2), Pabei 1, Pabei 2, and Panewai in the southern (Ameni or Pabei) area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.863, 141.801]]}",,,bib2589,yes +10600-location-1,10600,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lumi sub-district of the West Sepik Province: 21 villages and one government station: Aiendami, Mokwidami, Mantopai, and Yawari in the northwest (Lawo) area; Yegarapi, Yaru, Norambalip, and the Edwaki (Yellow River) station in the central (Edwaki) area; Alai, Naum, Akwom, Warkori (Worukori), Makme, and Nami in the southwest (Wiyari) area; Iwani, Wakou, and Aukwom (Augam) in the southwest (Ewane) area; and Tipas (Ameni), Elmoli (Panewai 2), Pabei 1, Pabei 2, and Panewai in the southern (Ameni or Pabei) area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.863, 141.801]]}",,,bib2602,yes 10600-location-2,10600,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Yellow River district, 19 villages; East Sepik Province, Panewai village, Edwaki, Ameni, Wiyari, Lawo, Pabei, Iwane areas.""}",,,bib69,no -10600-location-3,10600,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""16 villages: Aiendami, Akwom, Alai, Ameni, Gwidami, Iwani, Manitpai, Nami, Naum, Norambalip, Pabei, Worikori, Yawari, Yegarapi, Panewai, and Tipas.""}",,,bib4545,no -10600-speaker_number-1,10600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by approximately 3500 people,bib2589,yes -10600-speakers-1,10600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by approximately 3500 people,bib2589,yes +10600-location-3,10600,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""16 villages: Aiendami, Akwom, Alai, Ameni, Gwidami, Iwani, Manitpai, Nami, Naum, Norambalip, Pabei, Worikori, Yawari, Yegarapi, Panewai, and Tipas.""}",,,bib4566,no +10600-speaker_number-1,10600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by approximately 3500 people,bib2602,yes +10600-speakers-1,10600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by approximately 3500 people,bib2602,yes 10600-speaker_number-2,10600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,300 monolinguals. (2007 SIL),bib69,no 10600-speakers-2,10600,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,300 monolinguals. (2007 SIL),bib69,no -10600-speaker_number-3,10600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10600-speakers-3,10600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,012"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10600-LEI-1,10600,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2589,yes -10600-transmission-1,10600,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2589,yes -10600-domains_of_use-1,10600,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib2589,yes -10600-vitality-1,10600,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2589,yes +10600-speaker_number-3,10600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10600-speakers-3,10600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,012"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10600-LEI-1,10600,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2602,yes +10600-transmission-1,10600,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2602,yes +10600-domains_of_use-1,10600,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib2602,yes +10600-vitality-1,10600,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2602,yes 10600-LEI-2,10600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10600-vitality-2,10600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10600-LEI-3,10600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10600-vitality-3,10600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10601-location-1,10601,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 142.0]]}",,,bib3264,no +10600-LEI-3,10600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10600-vitality-3,10600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10601-location-1,10601,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 142.0]]}",,,bib3280,no 10601-location-2,10601,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, east of Namia, Yakeltim village.""}",,,bib69,no -10601-location-3,10601,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Abrau and Yakaltim villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10601-location-3,10601,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Abrau and Yakaltim villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10601-speaker_number-1,10601,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10601-speakers-1,10601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10601-speaker_number-2,10601,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10601-speakers-2,10601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""384"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10601-speaker_number-2,10601,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10601-speakers-2,10601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""384"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10601-LEI-1,10601,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10601-vitality-1,10601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10601-LEI-2,10601,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10601-vitality-2,10601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10602-location-1,10602,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.29, 142.95]]}",,,bib3264,no +10601-LEI-2,10601,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10601-vitality-2,10601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10602-location-1,10602,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.29, 142.95]]}",,,bib3280,no 10602-location-2,10602,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, southeast near government station. 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10602-location-3,10602,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Garamambu and Yerikai villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10602-location-3,10602,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Garamambu and Yerikai villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10602-speaker_number-1,10602,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10602-speakers-1,10602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10602-speaker_number-2,10602,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10602-speakers-2,10602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10602-speaker_number-2,10602,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10602-speakers-2,10602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10602-LEI-1,10602,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10602-vitality-1,10602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10602-LEI-2,10602,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10602-vitality-2,10602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10603-location-1,10603,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.09, 142.66]]}",,,bib3264,no +10602-LEI-2,10602,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10602-vitality-2,10602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10603-location-1,10603,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.09, 142.66]]}",,,bib3280,no 10603-location-2,10603,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Sepik and Sanchi river areas. 12 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10603-location-3,10603,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Bangwis, Beglam, Melawei, Saseriman, Tongwinjamb, Urambanj, Waskuk, Ablatak, Amaki, Ambuken, Kawaka, Kwakauru, and Nageri.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10603-location-3,10603,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Bangwis, Beglam, Melawei, Saseriman, Tongwinjamb, Urambanj, Waskuk, Ablatak, Amaki, Ambuken, Kawaka, Kwakauru, and Nageri.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10603-speaker_number-1,10603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10603-speakers-1,10603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10603-speaker_number-2,10603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10603-speakers-2,10603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,925"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10603-speaker_number-2,10603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10603-speakers-2,10603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,925"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10603-LEI-1,10603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10603-vitality-1,10603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10603-LEI-2,10603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10603-vitality-2,10603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10604-location-1,10604,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages in Gawanga census division, Lumi subdistrict, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib4543,yes +10603-LEI-2,10603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10603-vitality-2,10603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10604-location-1,10604,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages in Gawanga census division, Lumi subdistrict, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib4564,yes 10604-location-2,10604,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik district, beyond west boundary; Makru-Klaplei division, Nuku district; Sandaun Province, east of Mehek. 40 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10604-location-3,10604,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.74, 142.71]]}",,,bib3264,no -10604-speaker_number-1,10604,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""all details are from Glasgow and Loving (1964)."" Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4543,yes -10604-speakers-1,10604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""all details are from Glasgow and Loving (1964)."" Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4543,yes +10604-location-3,10604,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.74, 142.71]]}",,,bib3280,no +10604-speaker_number-1,10604,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""all details are from Glasgow and Loving (1964)."" Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4564,yes +10604-speakers-1,10604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""all details are from Glasgow and Loving (1964)."" Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4564,yes 10604-speaker_number-2,10604,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(SIL),bib69,no 10604-speakers-2,10604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10604-LEI-1,10604,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4543,yes -10604-vitality-1,10604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4543,yes +10604-LEI-1,10604,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4564,yes +10604-vitality-1,10604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4564,yes 10604-LEI-2,10604,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10604-vitality-2,10604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10605-location-1,10605,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""15 villages in Seim census division, Lumi subdistrict, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib4543,no -10605-location-2,10605,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku District east of the Mehek language group"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.75, 142.75]]}",,,bib3567,yes +10605-location-1,10605,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""15 villages in Seim census division, Lumi subdistrict, West Sepik Province""}",,,bib4564,no +10605-location-2,10605,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku District east of the Mehek language group"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.75, 142.75]]}",,,bib3585,yes 10605-location-3,10605,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku district, Torricelli range hills sloping south toward Sepik river plains. 15 villages east of Mehek.""}",,,bib69,no -10605-speaker_number-1,10605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4543,no -10605-speakers-1,10605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4543,no -10605-speaker_number-2,10605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,According to the 1980 census the population of the Seim area is 5057 and the people live in 15 different villages. Newer population figures have not been released. ,bib3567,yes -10605-speakers-2,10605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,057"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,057"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,According to the 1980 census the population of the Seim area is 5057 and the people live in 15 different villages. Newer population figures have not been released. ,bib3567,yes +10605-speaker_number-1,10605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4564,no +10605-speakers-1,10605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Laycock (1973) later treats Kwanga and Mende (Seim) as a single language, but the two appear to be distinct (Hoel, Ikäheimonen, and Nozawa 1997).",bib4564,no +10605-speaker_number-2,10605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,According to the 1980 census the population of the Seim area is 5057 and the people live in 15 different villages. Newer population figures have not been released. ,bib3585,yes +10605-speakers-2,10605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,057"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,057"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,According to the 1980 census the population of the Seim area is 5057 and the people live in 15 different villages. Newer population figures have not been released. ,bib3585,yes 10605-speaker_number-3,10605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10605-speakers-3,10605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10605-LEI-1,10605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4543,no -10605-vitality-1,10605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4543,no -10605-LEI-2,10605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3567,yes -10605-vitality-2,10605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3567,yes +10605-LEI-1,10605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4564,no +10605-vitality-1,10605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4564,no +10605-LEI-2,10605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3585,yes +10605-vitality-2,10605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3585,yes 10605-LEI-3,10605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10605-vitality-3,10605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10606-location-1,10606,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.78, 143.06]]}",,,bib3264,no +10606-location-1,10606,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.78, 143.06]]}",,,bib3280,no 10606-location-2,10606,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""Ambulas\"" is spoken in Maprik district; \""Hanga Hundi\"" is spoken in Pagwi district.""}",,,bib69,no -10606-location-3,10606,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""...located mainly in the Maprik District of the East Sepik Province, in the foothills of the Prince Alexander Mountains and extending south towards the Sepik Plains\""""}",,,bib7843,yes -10606-location-4,10606,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""more than 150 villages""}",,,bib4545,no +10606-location-3,10606,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""...located mainly in the Maprik District of the East Sepik Province, in the foothills of the Prince Alexander Mountains and extending south towards the Sepik Plains\""""}",,,bib7868,yes +10606-location-4,10606,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""more than 150 villages""}",,,bib4566,no 10606-speaker_number-1,10606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Ambulas"" has 44,000 speakers (27,000 in Wosera, 9,000 in Maprik, and 8,000 in Wingei) (1991 SIL); ""Hanga Hundi has 7,200 speakers (2000 census).",bib69,no 10606-speakers-1,10606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Ambulas"" has 44,000 speakers (27,000 in Wosera, 9,000 in Maprik, and 8,000 in Wingei) (1991 SIL); ""Hanga Hundi has 7,200 speakers (2000 census).",bib69,no -10606-speaker_number-2,10606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"approximately 33,000 speakers",bib7843,yes -10606-speakers-2,10606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"approximately 33,000 speakers",bib7843,yes -10606-speaker_number-3,10606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4545,no -10606-speakers-3,10606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4545,no +10606-speaker_number-2,10606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"approximately 33,000 speakers",bib7868,yes +10606-speakers-2,10606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"approximately 33,000 speakers",bib7868,yes +10606-speaker_number-3,10606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4566,no +10606-speakers-3,10606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4566,no 10606-LEI-1,10606,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10606-vitality-1,10606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10606-LEI-2,10606,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7843,yes -10606-vitality-2,10606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7843,yes -10606-LEI-3,10606,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10606-vitality-3,10606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10606-LEI-2,10606,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7868,yes +10606-vitality-2,10606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7868,yes +10606-LEI-3,10606,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10606-vitality-3,10606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10607-context-1,10607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no 10607-location-1,10607,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Yangoru district.""}",,,bib69,no -10607-location-2,10607,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: 128 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, 143.25]]}",,,bib2760,yes -10607-location-3,10607,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""more than 140 villages""}",,,bib4545,no +10607-location-2,10607,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: 128 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, 143.25]]}",,,bib2774,yes +10607-location-3,10607,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""more than 140 villages""}",,,bib4566,no 10607-speakers-1,10607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"9,400 monolinguals (SIL)",bib69,no -10607-speaker_number-2,10607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2760,yes -10607-speakers-2,10607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,204"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2760,yes -10607-speaker_number-3,10607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4545,no -10607-speakers-3,10607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,528"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4545,no -10607-LEI-1,10607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2760,yes -10607-vitality-1,10607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2760,yes -10607-LEI-2,10607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10607-vitality-2,10607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10608-context-1,10608,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""[T]he traditionally high status of Iatmul culture could explain why there has been a recent reversal among adult Iatmul, who, at least in their rhetoric, are opposed to language shift, and criticize children speaking Tok Pisin.""}",,"Today, Tok Pisin is the language best known in the Iatmul villages, as all generations are fluent in it and it is the first language of children.",bib3857,yes -10608-location-1,10608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3, 143.32]]}",,,bib3264,no +10607-speaker_number-2,10607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2774,yes +10607-speakers-2,10607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,204"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2774,yes +10607-speaker_number-3,10607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4566,no +10607-speakers-3,10607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,528"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4566,no +10607-LEI-1,10607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2774,yes +10607-vitality-1,10607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2774,yes +10607-LEI-2,10607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10607-vitality-2,10607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10608-context-1,10608,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""[T]he traditionally high status of Iatmul culture could explain why there has been a recent reversal among adult Iatmul, who, at least in their rhetoric, are opposed to language shift, and criticize children speaking Tok Pisin.""}",,"Today, Tok Pisin is the language best known in the Iatmul villages, as all generations are fluent in it and it is the first language of children.",bib3876,yes +10608-location-1,10608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3, 143.32]]}",,,bib3280,no 10608-location-2,10608,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti and Angoram districts, Sepik river, Tambunum to Japandai, Kundungay area villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10608-location-3,10608,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages: Angriman, Kaminimbit, Kararau, Mindimbit, Tambanum, Timbunke, Wombun, Mumeri, Indabu, Japanaut, Japandai, Kandingai, Kanganaman, Korogo, Malingai, Nyaurengai, Parambei, Suapmeri, Tegoi, Yamanumbu, Yentchanmangua, Yentchan, Aibom, Arinjone, Lukluk, Timbunmeri, and Brugnowi.""}",,,bib4545,no -10608-location-4,10608,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""along and close to a stretch of the Sepik River about 80 kilometres south-west of Wewak\""""}",,,bib3857,yes +10608-location-3,10608,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""27 villages: Angriman, Kaminimbit, Kararau, Mindimbit, Tambanum, Timbunke, Wombun, Mumeri, Indabu, Japanaut, Japandai, Kandingai, Kanganaman, Korogo, Malingai, Nyaurengai, Parambei, Suapmeri, Tegoi, Yamanumbu, Yentchanmangua, Yentchan, Aibom, Arinjone, Lukluk, Timbunmeri, and Brugnowi.""}",,,bib4566,no +10608-location-4,10608,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""along and close to a stretch of the Sepik River about 80 kilometres south-west of Wewak\""""}",,,bib3876,yes 10608-speaker_number-1,10608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10608-speakers-1,10608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,440"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10608-speaker_number-2,10608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10608-speakers-2,10608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,842"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10608-speaker_number-3,10608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,000 speakers in 9 villages in the Western (Nyaula) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Central (Pali'bei) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Eastern (Waliakwi) area; 7,000 speakers in ~10 villages in the Northern (Maligwat) area; 23,000 diaspora speakers.",bib3857,yes -10608-speakers-3,10608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 speakers in 9 villages in the Western (Nyaula) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Central (Pali'bei) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Eastern (Waliakwi) area; 7,000 speakers in ~10 villages in the Northern (Maligwat) area; 23,000 diaspora speakers.",bib3857,yes +10608-speaker_number-2,10608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10608-speakers-2,10608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,842"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10608-speaker_number-3,10608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,000 speakers in 9 villages in the Western (Nyaula) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Central (Pali'bei) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Eastern (Waliakwi) area; 7,000 speakers in ~10 villages in the Northern (Maligwat) area; 23,000 diaspora speakers.",bib3876,yes +10608-speakers-3,10608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 speakers in 9 villages in the Western (Nyaula) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Central (Pali'bei) area; 5,000 speakers in 7 villages in the Eastern (Waliakwi) area; 7,000 speakers in ~10 villages in the Northern (Maligwat) area; 23,000 diaspora speakers.",bib3876,yes 10608-LEI-1,10608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10608-vitality-1,10608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10608-LEI-2,10608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10608-vitality-2,10608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10608-LEI-3,10608,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3857,yes -10608-transmission-3,10608,transmission,1,transmission-1,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3857,yes -10608-domains_of_use-3,10608,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3857,yes -10608-speaker_number_trends-3,10608,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3857,yes -10608-vitality-3,10608,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3857,yes +10608-LEI-2,10608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10608-vitality-2,10608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10608-LEI-3,10608,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3876,yes +10608-transmission-3,10608,transmission,1,transmission-1,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3876,yes +10608-domains_of_use-3,10608,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3876,yes +10608-speaker_number_trends-3,10608,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3876,yes +10608-vitality-3,10608,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It is the native language of almost all adults, but relegated to second-language status among children, who could be labelled semi-speakers.",bib3876,yes 10609-context-1,10609,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Obsolescence of the true Manambu language is an object of concern for most senior people in the village, and also a few younger people in their thirties and forties.""}",,,bib353,yes -10609-location-1,10609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.19, 142.86]]}",,,bib3264,no +10609-location-1,10609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.19, 142.86]]}",,,bib3280,no 10609-location-2,10609,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti subprovince, Sepik river area. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10609-location-3,10609,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Avatip, Malu, Yambon, and Yau'umbak.""}",,"Sengo is also listed, but with a question mark following it, as it was unclear whether the village spoke Manambu. Sengo is treated as a separate language in the Catalogue of Endangered Languages.",bib4545,no +10609-location-3,10609,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Avatip, Malu, Yambon, and Yau'umbak.""}",,"Sengo is also listed, but with a question mark following it, as it was unclear whether the village spoke Manambu. Sengo is treated as a separate language in the Catalogue of Endangered Languages.",bib4566,no 10609-location-4,10609,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district: 5 villages: Avatip, Yawabak, Malu, Apa:n, and Yambon (Yuanab).""}",,,bib353,yes 10609-speaker_number-1,10609,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10609-speakers-1,10609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10609-speaker_number-2,10609,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10609-speakers-2,10609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,058"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10609-speaker_number-2,10609,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10609-speakers-2,10609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,058"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10609-speaker_number-3,10609,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"spoken by about 2,500 people in five villages ... About 200– 400 speakers live in the cities of Port Moresby, Wewak, Lae, and Madang; a few people live in Kokopo and Mount Hagen.",bib353,yes 10609-speakers-3,10609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"spoken by about 2,500 people in five villages ... About 200– 400 speakers live in the cities of Port Moresby, Wewak, Lae, and Madang; a few people live in Kokopo and Mount Hagen.",bib353,yes 10609-LEI-1,10609,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10609-vitality-1,10609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10609-LEI-2,10609,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10609-vitality-2,10609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10609-LEI-2,10609,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10609-vitality-2,10609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10609-LEI-3,10609,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most parents in the villages speak to their children in Manambu as well as Tok Pisin; however, Tok Pisin is the preferred means of communication between children of all ages.",bib353,yes 10609-transmission-3,10609,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Most parents in the villages speak to their children in Manambu as well as Tok Pisin; however, Tok Pisin is the preferred means of communication between children of all ages.",bib353,yes 10609-domains_of_use-3,10609,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Most parents in the villages speak to their children in Manambu as well as Tok Pisin; however, Tok Pisin is the preferred means of communication between children of all ages.",bib353,yes 10609-vitality-3,10609,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most parents in the villages speak to their children in Manambu as well as Tok Pisin; however, Tok Pisin is the preferred means of communication between children of all ages.",bib353,yes -1061-context-1,1061,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib3061,yes -1061-location-1,1061,location,"{""Places"": [""Oaxaca, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Juchit\u00b7n de Zaragoza, in southern Oaxaca""}",,,bib3061,yes +1061-context-1,1061,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib3075,yes +1061-location-1,1061,location,"{""Places"": [""Oaxaca, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Juchit\u00b7n de Zaragoza, in southern Oaxaca""}",,,bib3075,yes 1061-location-2,1061,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.416667, -95.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1061-speaker_number-1,1061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3061,yes -1061-speakers-1,1061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3061,yes +1061-speaker_number-1,1061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3075,yes +1061-speakers-1,1061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3075,yes 1061-speaker_number-2,1061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,no 1061-speakers-2,1061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,no -1061-LEI-1,1061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3061,yes -1061-vitality-1,1061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3061,yes +1061-LEI-1,1061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3075,yes +1061-vitality-1,1061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3075,yes 1061-LEI-2,1061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1061-vitality-2,1061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -10610-location-1,10610,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: two Burui villages""}",,,bib6991,yes -10610-location-2,10610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.04, 143.01]]}",,,bib3264,no +10610-location-1,10610,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: two Burui villages""}",,,bib7015,yes +10610-location-2,10610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.04, 143.01]]}",,,bib3280,no 10610-location-3,10610,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Sepik plains south of Maprik, Burui village, north of Pagwi.""}",,,bib69,no -10610-speaker_number-1,10610,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6991,yes -10610-speakers-1,10610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6991,yes +10610-speaker_number-1,10610,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7015,yes +10610-speakers-1,10610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7015,yes 10610-speaker_number-2,10610,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10610-speakers-2,10610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10610-LEI-1,10610,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6991,yes -10610-vitality-1,10610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6991,yes +10610-LEI-1,10610,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7015,yes +10610-vitality-1,10610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7015,yes 10610-LEI-2,10610,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10610-vitality-2,10610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10611-location-1,10611,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Wereman, Yanget, and Vagipu villages.""}",,,bib6991,yes -10611-location-2,10611,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.02, 143.14]]}",,,bib3264,no +10611-location-1,10611,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Wereman, Yanget, and Vagipu villages.""}",,,bib7015,yes +10611-location-2,10611,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.02, 143.14]]}",,,bib3280,no 10611-location-3,10611,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti District, Sepik Plains south of Maprik, east of Pagwi.""}",,,bib69,no -10611-speaker_number-1,10611,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6991,yes -10611-speakers-1,10611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6991,yes +10611-speaker_number-1,10611,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7015,yes +10611-speakers-1,10611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7015,yes 10611-speaker_number-2,10611,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 10611-speakers-2,10611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -10611-LEI-1,10611,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6991,yes -10611-vitality-1,10611,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6991,yes +10611-LEI-1,10611,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7015,yes +10611-vitality-1,10611,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7015,yes 10611-LEI-2,10611,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10611-vitality-2,10611,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10612-location-1,10612,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Koiwat, Kamangaui, Seraba, and Paiambi villages""}",,,bib6991,yes -10612-location-2,10612,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.03, 143.62]]}",,,bib3264,no +10612-location-1,10612,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Koiwat, Kamangaui, Seraba, and Paiambi villages""}",,,bib7015,yes +10612-location-2,10612,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.03, 143.62]]}",,,bib3280,no 10612-location-3,10612,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, between Munguma and Nagam rivers, Koiwat, Kamangaui, Seraba, and Paiambit villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10612-speaker_number-1,10612,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6991,yes -10612-speakers-1,10612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6991,yes +10612-speaker_number-1,10612,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7015,yes +10612-speakers-1,10612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7015,yes 10612-speaker_number-2,10612,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10612-speakers-2,10612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10612-LEI-1,10612,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6991,yes -10612-vitality-1,10612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6991,yes +10612-LEI-1,10612,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7015,yes +10612-vitality-1,10612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7015,yes 10612-LEI-2,10612,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10612-vitality-2,10612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10613-location-1,10613,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: the villages of Makambu, Pangeimbit, Balmo, Wairaman, Sotangei or Sota, Kwaliangwa, Timbunangua, Chuinimbu, Mangaui, Yindigum, Manganjangut, Tinboli, Jiginimbut, Malimbo and Suimbo.""}",,,bib6991,no -10613-location-2,10613,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: the villages of Makambu, Pangeimbit, Kamatogu, Weiman, Belmo, Mangem, Sotange, Timbunangua, Simbangu, Chuinumbu, Kwaliangua, Kingaui, Simange, Nindikum, Mangijangut, Timboli, Chikinumbu, Marimbo, and Suimbo.""}",,Residents of Nangutimbit village are bilingual in Sos Kundi and Keak but identify more with the Keak language group ...,bib6266,yes +10613-location-1,10613,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: the villages of Makambu, Pangeimbit, Balmo, Wairaman, Sotangei or Sota, Kwaliangwa, Timbunangua, Chuinimbu, Mangaui, Yindigum, Manganjangut, Tinboli, Jiginimbut, Malimbo and Suimbo.""}",,,bib7015,no +10613-location-2,10613,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: the villages of Makambu, Pangeimbit, Kamatogu, Weiman, Belmo, Mangem, Sotange, Timbunangua, Simbangu, Chuinumbu, Kwaliangua, Kingaui, Simange, Nindikum, Mangijangut, Timboli, Chikinumbu, Marimbo, and Suimbo.""}",,Residents of Nangutimbit village are bilingual in Sos Kundi and Keak but identify more with the Keak language group ...,bib6290,yes 10613-location-3,10613,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. The location of \""Sos Kundi: is given as: \""Angoram, Yangoru Saussia, and Wosera Gawi district villages. Center is Kwaliangua village.\"" The specific location of \""Keak\"" is not given.""}",,,bib69,no -10613-location-4,10613,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.99, 143.4]]}",,,bib3264,no -10613-speaker_number-1,10613,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6991,no -10613-speakers-1,10613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6991,no -10613-speaker_number-2,10613,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(Note that this figure does not include speakers of ""Keak"", which is considered a separate language by Richardson and Tupper, but whose speaker numbers are unknown.)",bib6266,yes -10613-speakers-2,10613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(Note that this figure does not include speakers of ""Keak"", which is considered a separate language by Richardson and Tupper, but whose speaker numbers are unknown.)",bib6266,yes +10613-location-4,10613,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.99, 143.4]]}",,,bib3280,no +10613-speaker_number-1,10613,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7015,no +10613-speakers-1,10613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7015,no +10613-speaker_number-2,10613,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(Note that this figure does not include speakers of ""Keak"", which is considered a separate language by Richardson and Tupper, but whose speaker numbers are unknown.)",bib6290,yes +10613-speakers-2,10613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(Note that this figure does not include speakers of ""Keak"", which is considered a separate language by Richardson and Tupper, but whose speaker numbers are unknown.)",bib6290,yes 10613-speaker_number-3,10613,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker numbers for ""Sos Kundi"" are given as 2,850 (2000 census); no speaker numbers are given for ""Keak"".",bib69,no 10613-speakers-3,10613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker numbers for ""Sos Kundi"" are given as 2,850 (2000 census); no speaker numbers are given for ""Keak"".",bib69,no -10613-LEI-1,10613,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6991,no -10613-vitality-1,10613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6991,no -10613-LEI-2,10613,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6266,yes -10613-vitality-2,10613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6266,yes +10613-LEI-1,10613,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7015,no +10613-vitality-1,10613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7015,no +10613-LEI-2,10613,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6290,yes +10613-vitality-2,10613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6290,yes 10613-LEI-3,10613,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10613-vitality-3,10613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10614-location-1,10614,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Sengo village (also called Nimbung)""}",,,bib6991,yes -10614-location-2,10614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.02, 142.96]]}",,,bib3264,no +10614-location-1,10614,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sawos region: Sengo village (also called Nimbung)""}",,,bib7015,yes +10614-location-2,10614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.02, 142.96]]}",,,bib3280,no 10614-location-3,10614,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, west-northwest of Pagwi, Sengo village.""}",,,bib69,no -10614-speaker_number-1,10614,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6991,yes -10614-speakers-1,10614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6991,yes +10614-speaker_number-1,10614,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7015,yes +10614-speakers-1,10614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7015,yes 10614-speaker_number-2,10614,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10614-speakers-2,10614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10614-LEI-1,10614,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6991,yes -10614-vitality-1,10614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6991,yes +10614-LEI-1,10614,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7015,yes +10614-vitality-1,10614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7015,yes 10614-LEI-2,10614,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10614-vitality-2,10614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10615-context-1,10615,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Kwoma""}",,,bib4545,no -10615-location-1,10615,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.1, 142.81]]}",,,bib3264,no +10615-context-1,10615,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Kwoma""}",,,bib4566,no +10615-location-1,10615,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.1, 142.81]]}",,,bib3280,no 10615-location-2,10615,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district: Yalaku (Yalakuhambura), Kumajuwi, and Hambukaini villages.""}",,,bib345,yes 10615-location-3,10615,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -10615-location-4,10615,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yelogu village. (Note: \""Buiamanambu\"", which is likely not distinct from Yelogu is said to be spoken in Biamanambu and (perhaps) Yamanumbu (Kayukw) villages.""}",,,bib4545,no +10615-location-4,10615,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yelogu village. (Note: \""Buiamanambu\"", which is likely not distinct from Yelogu is said to be spoken in Biamanambu and (perhaps) Yamanumbu (Kayukw) villages.""}",,,bib4566,no 10615-speaker_number-1,10615,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"about 300 people in the village of Yalaku (or Yalakuhambura)"" and ""a couple of hundred in each of Kumajuwi and Hambukaini",bib345,yes 10615-speakers-1,10615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"about 300 people in the village of Yalaku (or Yalakuhambura)"" and ""a couple of hundred in each of Kumajuwi and Hambukaini",bib345,yes 10615-speaker_number-2,10615,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10615-speakers-2,10615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10615-speaker_number-3,10615,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,This number reflects the combination of two entries in Laycock (1973): Buiamanambu (Bwiamanambu) has 100 speakers; Yelogu has 70 speakers.,bib4545,no -10615-speakers-3,10615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,This number reflects the combination of two entries in Laycock (1973): Buiamanambu (Bwiamanambu) has 100 speakers; Yelogu has 70 speakers.,bib4545,no +10615-speaker_number-3,10615,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,This number reflects the combination of two entries in Laycock (1973): Buiamanambu (Bwiamanambu) has 100 speakers; Yelogu has 70 speakers.,bib4566,no +10615-speakers-3,10615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,This number reflects the combination of two entries in Laycock (1973): Buiamanambu (Bwiamanambu) has 100 speakers; Yelogu has 70 speakers.,bib4566,no 10615-LEI-1,10615,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib345,yes 10615-vitality-1,10615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib345,yes 10615-LEI-2,10615,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10615-vitality-2,10615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10615-LEI-3,10615,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10615-vitality-3,10615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10616-location-1,10616,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.66, 143.32]]}",,,bib3264,no +10615-LEI-3,10615,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10615-vitality-3,10615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10616-location-1,10616,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.66, 143.32]]}",,,bib3280,no 10616-location-2,10616,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram district. 9 villages on Middle Karawari and Wagupmeri rivers. Another dialect has 4 villages near Kuvanmas lake.""}",,,bib69,no -10616-location-3,10616,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""the easternmost of the Sepik Hill languages.\""""}",,,bib1308,yes -10616-location-4,10616,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Amongabi, Barapidjin, Chimbut, Danyig, Maranba, Marianmei, Meingenda, Sikaium, Yenitabak, Anganmei, Sevenbuk, and Tarakai.""}",,,bib4545,no +10616-location-3,10616,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: \""the easternmost of the Sepik Hill languages.\""""}",,,bib1317,yes +10616-location-4,10616,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Amongabi, Barapidjin, Chimbut, Danyig, Maranba, Marianmei, Meingenda, Sikaium, Yenitabak, Anganmei, Sevenbuk, and Tarakai.""}",,,bib4566,no 10616-speaker_number-1,10616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10616-speakers-1,10616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,530"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10616-speaker_number-2,10616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"spoken by approximately 1,200 people",bib1308,yes -10616-speakers-2,10616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"spoken by approximately 1,200 people",bib1308,yes -10616-speaker_number-3,10616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10616-speakers-3,10616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,107"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10616-speaker_number-2,10616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"spoken by approximately 1,200 people",bib1317,yes +10616-speakers-2,10616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"spoken by approximately 1,200 people",bib1317,yes +10616-speaker_number-3,10616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10616-speakers-3,10616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,107"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10616-LEI-1,10616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10616-vitality-1,10616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10616-LEI-2,10616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1308,yes -10616-vitality-2,10616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1308,yes -10616-LEI-3,10616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10616-vitality-3,10616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10617-context-1,10617,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7100,yes -10617-location-1,10617,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51, 143.24]]}",,,bib3264,no +10616-LEI-2,10616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1317,yes +10616-vitality-2,10616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1317,yes +10616-LEI-3,10616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10616-vitality-3,10616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10617-context-1,10617,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7124,yes +10617-location-1,10617,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51, 143.24]]}",,,bib3280,no 10617-location-2,10617,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Blackwater and Korosameri rivers. 6 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10617-location-3,10617,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: 7 villages.""}",,,bib7100,yes -10617-location-4,10617,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Bugumute, Kabriman, Kraimbit, Kuvenmas, Sangriman, Tungambit, and Yesimbit.""}",,,bib4545,no +10617-location-3,10617,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: 7 villages.""}",,,bib7124,yes +10617-location-4,10617,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Bugumute, Kabriman, Kraimbit, Kuvenmas, Sangriman, Tungambit, and Yesimbit.""}",,,bib4566,no 10617-speaker_number-1,10617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10617-speakers-1,10617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10617-speaker_number-2,10617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7100,yes -10617-speakers-2,10617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,339"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7100,yes -10617-speaker_number-3,10617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10617-speakers-3,10617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,439"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10617-speaker_number-2,10617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7124,yes +10617-speakers-2,10617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,339"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7124,yes +10617-speaker_number-3,10617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10617-speakers-3,10617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,439"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10617-LEI-1,10617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10617-vitality-1,10617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10617-LEI-2,10617,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7100,yes -10617-transmission-2,10617,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7100,yes -10617-domains_of_use-2,10617,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7100,yes -10617-vitality-2,10617,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7100,yes -10617-LEI-3,10617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10617-vitality-3,10617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10617-LEI-2,10617,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7124,yes +10617-transmission-2,10617,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7124,yes +10617-domains_of_use-2,10617,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7124,yes +10617-vitality-2,10617,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7124,yes +10617-LEI-3,10617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10617-vitality-3,10617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10618-context-1,10618,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10618-location-1,10618,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.59, 143.0]]}",,,bib3264,no +10618-location-1,10618,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.59, 143.0]]}",,,bib3280,no 10618-location-2,10618,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, middle Korosameri river branch. 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10618-location-3,10618,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Watakataui village""}",,,bib4545,yes +10618-location-3,10618,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Watakataui village""}",,,bib4566,yes 10618-speaker_number-1,10618,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10618-speakers-1,10618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10618-speaker_number-2,10618,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10618-speakers-2,10618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10618-speaker_number-2,10618,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10618-speakers-2,10618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10618-LEI-1,10618,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10618-vitality-1,10618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10618-LEI-2,10618,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10618-vitality-2,10618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10618-LEI-2,10618,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10618-vitality-2,10618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10619-context-1,10619,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10619-location-1,10619,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.46, 143.06]]}",,,bib3264,no +10619-location-1,10619,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.46, 143.06]]}",,,bib3280,no 10619-location-2,10619,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Hunstein range, Ambunti district, next to the Bahinemo, between Lower Salumei river and Chambri lake. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10619-location-3,10619,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Changriman, Mensuat, and Yambi Yambi villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10619-location-3,10619,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Changriman, Mensuat, and Yambi Yambi villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10619-speaker_number-1,10619,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10619-speakers-1,10619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10619-speaker_number-2,10619,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10619-speakers-2,10619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""395"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10619-speaker_number-2,10619,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10619-speakers-2,10619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""395"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10619-LEI-1,10619,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10619-vitality-1,10619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10619-LEI-2,10619,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10619-vitality-2,10619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -1062-context-1,1062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian, the second language of all the last speakers; also areal influence of Koryak",bib6475,no +10619-LEI-2,10619,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10619-vitality-2,10619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +1062-context-1,1062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian, the second language of all the last speakers; also areal influence of Koryak",bib6499,no 1062-context-2,1062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All Iltelmen speakers are bilingual and speak Russian as their second language""}",,,bib213,no -1062-location-1,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Kamchatka""], ""Description"": ""Spoke in the villages of Korvan and Upper khayryuzovo.""}",,,bib6474,no +1062-location-1,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Kamchatka""], ""Description"": ""Spoke in the villages of Korvan and Upper khayryuzovo.""}",,,bib6498,no 1062-location-2,1062,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.0, 157.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1062-location-3,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1062-location-4,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Kamchatka, Russia""]}",,,bib1075,yes -1062-location-5,1062,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.1496, 156.9012]]}",,,bib5307,no -1062-location-6,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in a small pocket on the western coast of central Kamchatka, in the southern part of the Koryak Autonomous District""}",,,bib6475,no +1062-location-4,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Kamchatka, Russia""]}",,,bib1084,yes +1062-location-5,1062,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.1496, 156.9012]]}",,,bib5330,no +1062-location-6,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in a small pocket on the western coast of central Kamchatka, in the southern part of the Koryak Autonomous District""}",,,bib6499,no 1062-location-7,1062,location,"{""Places"": [""Koryak Territory, Russian Federation""]}",,,bib213,no -1062-speaker_number-1,1062,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,no -1062-speakers-1,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6474,no +1062-speaker_number-1,1062,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,no +1062-speakers-1,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6498,no 1062-speaker_number-2,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1062-speakers-2,1062,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1062-speaker_number-3,1062,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1075,yes -1062-speakers-3,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1075,yes -1062-speaker_number-4,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1062-speakers-4,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1062-speaker_number-5,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,no -1062-speakers-5,1062,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,no +1062-speaker_number-3,1062,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1084,yes +1062-speakers-3,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1084,yes +1062-speaker_number-4,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1062-speakers-4,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1062-speaker_number-5,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,no +1062-speakers-5,1062,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,no 1062-speaker_number-6,1062,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1062-speakers-6,1062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1062-speaker_number-7,1062,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,19.6%% of population are native speakers,bib213,no 1062-speakers-7,1062,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2480"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""486"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,19.6%% of population are native speakers,bib213,no -1062-LEI-1,1062,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -1062-transmission-1,1062,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,no -1062-vitality-1,1062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +1062-LEI-1,1062,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +1062-transmission-1,1062,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,no +1062-vitality-1,1062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 1062-LEI-2,1062,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1062-vitality-2,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1062-LEI-3,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1075,yes -1062-vitality-3,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1075,yes -1062-LEI-4,1062,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1062-vitality-4,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1062-LEI-5,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -1062-transmission-5,1062,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,no -1062-speaker_number_trends-5,1062,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,no -1062-vitality-5,1062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no +1062-LEI-3,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1084,yes +1062-vitality-3,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1084,yes +1062-LEI-4,1062,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1062-vitality-4,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1062-LEI-5,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +1062-transmission-5,1062,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,no +1062-speaker_number_trends-5,1062,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,no +1062-vitality-5,1062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no 1062-LEI-6,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1062-vitality-6,1062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1062-LEI-7,1062,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1062-domains_of_use-7,1062,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 1062-speaker_number_trends-7,1062,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib213,no 1062-vitality-7,1062,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib213,no -10620-context-1,10620,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib2351,yes +10620-context-1,10620,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib2364,yes 10620-context-2,10620,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10620-location-1,10620,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ambunti District, East Sepik Province: 4 villages, including Wagu.""}",,,bib2351,yes +10620-location-1,10620,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ambunti District, East Sepik Province: 4 villages, including Wagu.""}",,,bib2364,yes 10620-location-2,10620,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Hunstein range, south of Sepik river. 4 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10620-location-3,10620,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Bugiaui, Inaro, Moli, Gahom, Namu, Wagu No. 2, and Yigei.""}",,Newton (1971) also gives Mediya and Kenesuwa as additional village (?hamlet) names.,bib4545,no -10620-location-4,10620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.56, 142.83]]}",,,bib3264,no -10620-speaker_number-1,10620,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The total population of Bahinemo speakers has increased from 308 in 1967 to around 700 in 2007,bib2351,yes -10620-speakers-1,10620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The total population of Bahinemo speakers has increased from 308 in 1967 to around 700 in 2007,bib2351,yes +10620-location-3,10620,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Bugiaui, Inaro, Moli, Gahom, Namu, Wagu No. 2, and Yigei.""}",,Newton (1971) also gives Mediya and Kenesuwa as additional village (?hamlet) names.,bib4566,no +10620-location-4,10620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.56, 142.83]]}",,,bib3280,no +10620-speaker_number-1,10620,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The total population of Bahinemo speakers has increased from 308 in 1967 to around 700 in 2007,bib2364,yes +10620-speakers-1,10620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The total population of Bahinemo speakers has increased from 308 in 1967 to around 700 in 2007,bib2364,yes 10620-speaker_number-2,10620,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(NTM),bib69,no 10620-speakers-2,10620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(NTM),bib69,no -10620-speaker_number-3,10620,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10620-speakers-3,10620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""433"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10620-LEI-1,10620,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2351,yes -10620-transmission-1,10620,transmission,0,transmission-0,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2351,yes -10620-vitality-1,10620,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2351,yes +10620-speaker_number-3,10620,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10620-speakers-3,10620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""433"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10620-LEI-1,10620,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2364,yes +10620-transmission-1,10620,transmission,0,transmission-0,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2364,yes +10620-vitality-1,10620,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,In Wagu those couples with two home languages and those with a special interest in the developed world have children who speak more Tok Pisin than the norm.,bib2364,yes 10620-LEI-2,10620,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10620-vitality-2,10620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10620-LEI-3,10620,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10620-vitality-3,10620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10620-LEI-3,10620,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10620-vitality-3,10620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10621-context-1,10621,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10621-location-1,10621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.42, 142.46]]}",,,bib3264,no +10621-location-1,10621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.42, 142.46]]}",,,bib3280,no 10621-location-2,10621,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, April river, Bitara and Kagiru villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10621-location-3,10621,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Bayamo, Bitara, Kagiru, Pegi, Pisi, and Yanaut.""}",,"The village list is probably not complete, but no other villages in the area had been censused at the time of writing this paper.",bib4545,yes +10621-location-3,10621,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Bayamo, Bitara, Kagiru, Pegi, Pisi, and Yanaut.""}",,"The village list is probably not complete, but no other villages in the area had been censused at the time of writing this paper.",bib4566,yes 10621-speaker_number-1,10621,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10621-speakers-1,10621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10621-speaker_number-2,10621,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10621-speakers-2,10621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10621-speaker_number-2,10621,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10621-speakers-2,10621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10621-LEI-1,10621,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10621-vitality-1,10621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10621-LEI-2,10621,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10621-vitality-2,10621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10622-location-1,10622,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.44, 142.37]]}",,,bib3264,no +10621-LEI-2,10621,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10621-vitality-2,10621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10622-location-1,10622,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.44, 142.37]]}",,,bib3280,no 10622-location-2,10622,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Wogamus river basin foothills; Saniyo dialect: Pukapuki, Sio, Hanasi, Salunapi, and Malapute\u2019e villages; Hiyowe dialect: Maposi village; Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, southeast of Wano river.""}",,,bib69,no -10622-location-3,10622,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Begapuki, Lariaso, Nabisi, Nekek, Nekiei, Saurinapi, Sio, Sowano, Tauanapi, Waurinapi, and Yabatauwe.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10622-location-3,10622,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Begapuki, Lariaso, Nabisi, Nekek, Nekiei, Saurinapi, Sio, Sowano, Tauanapi, Waurinapi, and Yabatauwe.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10622-speaker_number-1,10622,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10622-speakers-1,10622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10622-speaker_number-2,10622,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10622-speakers-2,10622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""644"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10622-speaker_number-2,10622,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10622-speakers-2,10622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""644"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10622-LEI-1,10622,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10622-vitality-1,10622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10622-LEI-2,10622,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10622-vitality-2,10622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10623-location-1,10623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.83, 142.45]]}",,,bib3264,no +10622-LEI-2,10622,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10622-vitality-2,10622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10623-location-1,10623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.83, 142.45]]}",,,bib3280,no 10623-location-2,10623,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik and Sandaun provinces, upper Niksek and east branch of Leonhard Schultze rivers\u2019 headwaters; Sumwari.""}",,,bib69,no -10623-location-3,10623,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Setiali\"" may be spoken in Maifa, Wilialife-Wiaru, and Setiali-Kautifafi villages; \""Paka\"" may be spoken in Sumwari, Yaramui No. 1. Yaramui No. 2, and Paka villages; \""Gabiano\"" may be spoken in Kabian village.""}",,,bib4545,no -10623-location-4,10623,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Near the April (Niksek) River: Niksek village, \""along with the people who speak the Tuwari language. All the former residents of Setiali have moved to Sumwari or Niksek, and their old site is deserted. A very small number of Gabiano people remain at a village called Kabiano. A few also remain at Meiyari.\""""}",,,bib1794,yes +10623-location-3,10623,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Setiali\"" may be spoken in Maifa, Wilialife-Wiaru, and Setiali-Kautifafi villages; \""Paka\"" may be spoken in Sumwari, Yaramui No. 1. Yaramui No. 2, and Paka villages; \""Gabiano\"" may be spoken in Kabian village.""}",,,bib4566,no +10623-location-4,10623,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Near the April (Niksek) River: Niksek village, \""along with the people who speak the Tuwari language. All the former residents of Setiali have moved to Sumwari or Niksek, and their old site is deserted. A very small number of Gabiano people remain at a village called Kabiano. A few also remain at Meiyari.\""""}",,,bib1806,yes 10623-speaker_number-1,10623,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10623-speakers-1,10623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10623-speaker_number-2,10623,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker numbers are only given for ""Setialia (200) and for ""Gabiano"" (98), taken from Dye and Townsends (1969). No figures are given for ""Paka"".",bib4545,no -10623-speakers-2,10623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">298?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker numbers are only given for ""Setialia (200) and for ""Gabiano"" (98), taken from Dye and Townsends (1969). No figures are given for ""Paka"".",bib4545,no -10623-speaker_number-3,10623,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,approximately 300 speakers,bib1794,yes -10623-speakers-3,10623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,approximately 300 speakers,bib1794,yes +10623-speaker_number-2,10623,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker numbers are only given for ""Setialia (200) and for ""Gabiano"" (98), taken from Dye and Townsends (1969). No figures are given for ""Paka"".",bib4566,no +10623-speakers-2,10623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">298?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker numbers are only given for ""Setialia (200) and for ""Gabiano"" (98), taken from Dye and Townsends (1969). No figures are given for ""Paka"".",bib4566,no +10623-speaker_number-3,10623,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,approximately 300 speakers,bib1806,yes +10623-speakers-3,10623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,approximately 300 speakers,bib1806,yes 10623-LEI-1,10623,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10623-vitality-1,10623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10623-LEI-2,10623,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10623-vitality-2,10623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10623-LEI-3,10623,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -10623-vitality-3,10623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes -10624-context-1,10624,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains and in daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwest Mandarin; Kham Tibetan; Pumi; Namuzi; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative to neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mandarin (Southwest Mandarin), Tibetan (Kham Tibetan), Pumi (Prinmi, 普米), Namuzi (納木兹), Nuosu (Ngwi or Yi 彞). Older speakers (typically over the age of sixty) are mostly trilingual (Lizu, Mandarin, Pumi). Occasionally, some even have a good command of the local variety of (Kham) Tibetan. Over the last three decades, most Lizu speakers have been bilingual using (Southwest) Mandarin in daily life. The current trend for the school-going generation is to become practically monolingual in Mandarin.",bib1695,yes -10624-location-1,10624,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Lizu reside along the banks of the Yalong (\u96c5\u7931) or Nyag chu River in three counties in Sichuan Province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701) in the People\u2019s Republic of China: (1) Muli Tibetan Autonomous County \u6728\u91cc\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23 (WT, smi li rang skyong rdzong), (2) Jiulong county (\u4e5d\u9f8d\u7e23 brgyad zur), (iii) Mianning county (\u5195\u5be7\u7e23)."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.330373, 101.36055]]}",,,bib1695,yes -10624-speaker_number-1,10624,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1695,yes -10624-speakers-1,10624,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010-2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1695,yes -10624-LEI-1,10624,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1695,yes -10624-transmission-1,10624,transmission,2,transmission-2,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1695,yes -10624-domains_of_use-1,10624,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1695,yes -10624-speaker_number_trends-1,10624,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1695,yes -10624-vitality-1,10624,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1695,yes -10625-context-1,10625,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwest Mandarin; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Duoxu is not used in any domain.,bib1693,yes -10625-location-1,10625,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mianning county (\u5195\u5be7\u7e23), Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (\u6dbc\u5c71\u5f5e\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde) in Sichuan province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701)"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.549809, 102.177082]]}",,,bib1693,yes -10625-speaker_number-1,10625,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"All remaining speakers are semi-speakers. All are in their 70s and 80s and bilingual in the local variety of Southwest Mandarin, which is their dominant daily language. None of the speakers has regular conversation partners in Duoxu.",bib1693,yes -10625-speakers-1,10625,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""2000 (Duoxu Tibetans of Mianning County)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Elders"": ""9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,"All remaining speakers are semi-speakers. All are in their 70s and 80s and bilingual in the local variety of Southwest Mandarin, which is their dominant daily language. None of the speakers has regular conversation partners in Duoxu.",bib1693,yes -10625-LEI-1,10625,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1693,yes -10625-transmission-1,10625,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1693,yes -10625-speaker_number_trends-1,10625,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1693,yes -10625-vitality-1,10625,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1693,yes +10623-LEI-2,10623,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10623-vitality-2,10623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10623-LEI-3,10623,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +10623-vitality-3,10623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes +10624-context-1,10624,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains and in daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwest Mandarin; Kham Tibetan; Pumi; Namuzi; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative to neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mandarin (Southwest Mandarin), Tibetan (Kham Tibetan), Pumi (Prinmi, 普米), Namuzi (納木兹), Nuosu (Ngwi or Yi 彞). Older speakers (typically over the age of sixty) are mostly trilingual (Lizu, Mandarin, Pumi). Occasionally, some even have a good command of the local variety of (Kham) Tibetan. Over the last three decades, most Lizu speakers have been bilingual using (Southwest) Mandarin in daily life. The current trend for the school-going generation is to become practically monolingual in Mandarin.",bib1707,yes +10624-location-1,10624,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Lizu reside along the banks of the Yalong (\u96c5\u7931) or Nyag chu River in three counties in Sichuan Province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701) in the People\u2019s Republic of China: (1) Muli Tibetan Autonomous County \u6728\u91cc\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23 (WT, smi li rang skyong rdzong), (2) Jiulong county (\u4e5d\u9f8d\u7e23 brgyad zur), (iii) Mianning county (\u5195\u5be7\u7e23)."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.330373, 101.36055]]}",,,bib1707,yes +10624-speaker_number-1,10624,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1707,yes +10624-speakers-1,10624,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010-2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1707,yes +10624-LEI-1,10624,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1707,yes +10624-transmission-1,10624,transmission,2,transmission-2,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1707,yes +10624-domains_of_use-1,10624,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1707,yes +10624-speaker_number_trends-1,10624,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1707,yes +10624-vitality-1,10624,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; in rural areas children still learn the language at home,bib1707,yes +10625-context-1,10625,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwest Mandarin; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Duoxu is not used in any domain.,bib1705,yes +10625-location-1,10625,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mianning county (\u5195\u5be7\u7e23), Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (\u6dbc\u5c71\u5f5e\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde) in Sichuan province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701)"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.549809, 102.177082]]}",,,bib1705,yes +10625-speaker_number-1,10625,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"All remaining speakers are semi-speakers. All are in their 70s and 80s and bilingual in the local variety of Southwest Mandarin, which is their dominant daily language. None of the speakers has regular conversation partners in Duoxu.",bib1705,yes +10625-speakers-1,10625,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""2000 (Duoxu Tibetans of Mianning County)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Elders"": ""9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,"All remaining speakers are semi-speakers. All are in their 70s and 80s and bilingual in the local variety of Southwest Mandarin, which is their dominant daily language. None of the speakers has regular conversation partners in Duoxu.",bib1705,yes +10625-LEI-1,10625,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1705,yes +10625-transmission-1,10625,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1705,yes +10625-speaker_number_trends-1,10625,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1705,yes +10625-vitality-1,10625,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1705,yes 10626-context-1,10626,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""una [duc], English [eng], Ipili [ipi], Oksapmin [opm], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10626-location-1,10626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.04, 142.55]]}",,,bib3264,no +10626-location-1,10626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.04, 142.55]]}",,,bib3280,no 10626-location-2,10626,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southern Highlands Province, Koroba district; Enga Province, Lagaip district; Sandaun Province, Telefomin district; Lagaip river area, mountains north of Duna [duc] and Ipili [ipi] language areas; south of Lagaip river northward to Central range high peaks (political and physical boundary between Sepik region and the highlands).""}",,,bib69,no -10626-location-3,10626,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""south of the Central Ranges in an east-west band along the last 100 kilometres of the Lagaip RIver and its tributaries""}",,,bib7625,yes -10626-location-4,10626,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobanmin, Remban, and Yoliapi villages, and in \""other settlements in Western Highlands District\""""}",,,bib4545,no +10626-location-3,10626,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""south of the Central Ranges in an east-west band along the last 100 kilometres of the Lagaip RIver and its tributaries""}",,,bib7650,yes +10626-location-4,10626,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobanmin, Remban, and Yoliapi villages, and in \""other settlements in Western Highlands District\""""}",,,bib4566,no 10626-speaker_number-1,10626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"290 in Yoliapi (1982 SIL). 1,600 monolinguals.",bib69,no 10626-speakers-1,10626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"290 in Yoliapi (1982 SIL). 1,600 monolinguals.",bib69,no -10626-speaker_number-2,10626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7625,yes -10626-speakers-2,10626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7625,yes -10626-speaker_number-3,10626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Population estimate from Steadman (1971).,bib4545,no -10626-speakers-3,10626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Population estimate from Steadman (1971).,bib4545,no +10626-speaker_number-2,10626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7650,yes +10626-speakers-2,10626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7650,yes +10626-speaker_number-3,10626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Population estimate from Steadman (1971).,bib4566,no +10626-speakers-3,10626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Population estimate from Steadman (1971).,bib4566,no 10626-LEI-1,10626,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Use of Hewa is the norm. All domains. All ages.,bib69,no 10626-transmission-1,10626,transmission,0,transmission-0,Use of Hewa is the norm. All domains. All ages.,bib69,no 10626-domains_of_use-1,10626,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Use of Hewa is the norm. All domains. All ages.,bib69,no 10626-vitality-1,10626,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Use of Hewa is the norm. All domains. All ages.,bib69,no -10626-LEI-2,10626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7625,yes -10626-vitality-2,10626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7625,yes -10626-LEI-3,10626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10626-vitality-3,10626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10628-location-1,10628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.78, 143.21]]}",,,bib3264,no +10626-LEI-2,10626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7650,yes +10626-vitality-2,10626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7650,yes +10626-LEI-3,10626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10626-vitality-3,10626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10628-location-1,10628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.78, 143.21]]}",,,bib3280,no 10628-location-2,10628,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province; Karawari, Wagupmeri, and Korosameri rivers\u2019 headwaters; Bisorio, Iniai, and Gadio villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10628-location-3,10628,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Gadio, Towi, Bisorio, and Iniai.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10628-location-3,10628,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Gadio, Towi, Bisorio, and Iniai.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10628-speaker_number-1,10628,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,50–100 Pikaru (SIL).,bib69,no 10628-speakers-1,10628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,50–100 Pikaru (SIL).,bib69,no -10628-speaker_number-2,10628,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10628-speakers-2,10628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10628-speaker_number-2,10628,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10628-speakers-2,10628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10628-LEI-1,10628,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10628-vitality-1,10628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10628-LEI-2,10628,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10628-vitality-2,10628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10628-LEI-2,10628,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10628-vitality-2,10628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10629-context-1,10629,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib72,yes 10629-location-1,10629,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, lower Sepik river area, Angoram district.""}",,,bib72,yes -10629-location-2,10629,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""22 villages: Angoram, Kambrindo, Kambrok, Kanduanum, Krinjambi, Magendo, Moim, Mundomundo, Pinang, Tambali, Yueriman, Agrumara, Andua, Arangunam, Kausimbi, Kundima, Maramba, Sapalu, Chuimondo, Bien, Imbuando, and Marbuk""}",,,bib4545,no -10629-location-3,10629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.08, 144.03]]}",,,bib3264,no +10629-location-2,10629,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""22 villages: Angoram, Kambrindo, Kambrok, Kanduanum, Krinjambi, Magendo, Moim, Mundomundo, Pinang, Tambali, Yueriman, Agrumara, Andua, Arangunam, Kausimbi, Kundima, Maramba, Sapalu, Chuimondo, Bien, Imbuando, and Marbuk""}",,,bib4566,no +10629-location-3,10629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.08, 144.03]]}",,,bib3280,no 10629-speaker_number-1,10629,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This number is a combination of that given for Angoram (8,220, cited as ""2003 SIL"") and that given for Maramba (840, cited as ""2000 census"").",bib72,yes 10629-speakers-1,10629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This number is a combination of that given for Angoram (8,220, cited as ""2003 SIL"") and that given for Maramba (840, cited as ""2000 census"").",bib72,yes 10629-speaker_number-2,10629,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib71,no 10629-speakers-2,10629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,514"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib71,no 10629-LEI-1,10629,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib72,yes 10629-vitality-1,10629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib72,yes -10629-LEI-2,10629,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10629-vitality-2,10629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10630-context-1,10630,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib4545,yes -10630-location-1,10630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.49, 143.59]]}",,,bib3264,no +10629-LEI-2,10629,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10629-vitality-2,10629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10630-context-1,10630,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib4566,yes +10630-location-1,10630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.49, 143.59]]}",,,bib3280,no 10630-location-2,10630,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, near Chambri, lower Karawari river. 9 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10630-location-3,10630,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Ambonwari, Kaiwaria, Konmei, Kundiman, Kungriambun, Manjamai, Marinyam, Masandenai, and Meikerobi.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10630-location-3,10630,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Ambonwari, Kaiwaria, Konmei, Kundiman, Kungriambun, Manjamai, Marinyam, Masandenai, and Meikerobi.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10630-speaker_number-1,10630,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10630-speakers-1,10630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10630-speaker_number-2,10630,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10630-speakers-2,10630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10630-speaker_number-2,10630,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10630-speakers-2,10630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10630-LEI-1,10630,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10630-vitality-1,10630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10630-LEI-2,10630,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10630-vitality-2,10630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10630-LEI-2,10630,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10630-vitality-2,10630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10631-context-1,10631,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10631-location-1,10631,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.28, 143.1]]}",,,bib3264,no +10631-location-1,10631,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.28, 143.1]]}",,,bib3280,no 10631-location-2,10631,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, marsh dwellers east and north of Sepik Hill area, southeast shore and a Chambri lake island. 4 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10631-location-3,10631,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Indingai, Kilimbit, and Wombun villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10631-location-3,10631,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Indingai, Kilimbit, and Wombun villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10631-speaker_number-1,10631,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 10631-speakers-1,10631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -10631-speaker_number-2,10631,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10631-speakers-2,10631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10631-speaker_number-2,10631,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10631-speakers-2,10631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10631-LEI-1,10631,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10631-vitality-1,10631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10631-LEI-2,10631,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10631-vitality-2,10631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10632-location-1,10632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.39, 143.87]]}",,,bib3264,no +10631-LEI-2,10631,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10631-vitality-2,10631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10632-location-1,10632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.39, 143.87]]}",,,bib3280,no 10632-location-2,10632,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, lower and middle Yuat river.""}",,,bib69,no -10632-location-3,10632,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Akuran, Andafugan, Biwat, Branda, Dowaning, and Kinakaten.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10632-location-3,10632,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Akuran, Andafugan, Biwat, Branda, Dowaning, and Kinakaten.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10632-speaker_number-1,10632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10632-speakers-1,10632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,040"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10632-speaker_number-2,10632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10632-speakers-2,10632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,642"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10632-speaker_number-2,10632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10632-speakers-2,10632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,642"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10632-LEI-1,10632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10632-vitality-1,10632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10632-LEI-2,10632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10632-vitality-2,10632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10633-location-1,10633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.67, 143.85]]}",,,bib3264,no +10632-LEI-2,10632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10632-vitality-2,10632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10633-location-1,10633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.67, 143.85]]}",,,bib3280,no 10633-location-2,10633,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Yuat river, Giling village.""}",,,bib69,no -10633-location-3,10633,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Asangamut, Avangumba, Giring, Mundamba, and Sipisipi.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10633-location-3,10633,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Asangamut, Avangumba, Giring, Mundamba, and Sipisipi.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10633-speaker_number-1,10633,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10633-speakers-1,10633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10633-speaker_number-2,10633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10633-speakers-2,10633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""548"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10633-speaker_number-2,10633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10633-speakers-2,10633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""548"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10633-LEI-1,10633,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10633-vitality-1,10633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10633-LEI-2,10633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10633-vitality-2,10633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10634-location-1,10634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.47, 143.75]]}",,,bib3264,no +10633-LEI-2,10633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10633-vitality-2,10633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10634-location-1,10634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.47, 143.75]]}",,,bib3280,no 10634-location-2,10634,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10634-location-3,10634,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Araining, Fundugwa, Kangunbo, Karinying, Mensuat, Nadveri, and Yaminbot.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10634-location-3,10634,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Araining, Fundugwa, Kangunbo, Karinying, Mensuat, Nadveri, and Yaminbot.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10634-speaker_number-1,10634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10634-speakers-1,10634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10634-speaker_number-2,10634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10634-speakers-2,10634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,036"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10634-speaker_number-2,10634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10634-speakers-2,10634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,036"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10634-LEI-1,10634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10634-vitality-1,10634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10634-LEI-2,10634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10634-vitality-2,10634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10635-location-1,10635,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.28, 143.7]]}",,,bib3264,no +10634-LEI-2,10634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10634-vitality-2,10634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10635-location-1,10635,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.28, 143.7]]}",,,bib3280,no 10635-location-2,10635,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10635-location-3,10635,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Changriwa village""}",,"The informant claimed that the language was formerly spoken also in the villages Wolin, Yanggenra, Maranggumeli, and Pundukang, but that these villages has [sic] been abandoned (because of raiding?) prior to the arrival of the first Europeans in the Sepik.",bib4545,yes +10635-location-3,10635,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Changriwa village""}",,"The informant claimed that the language was formerly spoken also in the villages Wolin, Yanggenra, Maranggumeli, and Pundukang, but that these villages has [sic] been abandoned (because of raiding?) prior to the arrival of the first Europeans in the Sepik.",bib4566,yes 10635-speaker_number-1,10635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10635-speakers-1,10635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10635-speaker_number-2,10635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10635-speakers-2,10635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""498"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10635-speaker_number-2,10635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10635-speakers-2,10635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""498"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10635-LEI-1,10635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10635-vitality-1,10635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10635-LEI-2,10635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10635-vitality-2,10635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10636-location-1,10636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.52, 143.89]]}",,,bib3264,no +10635-LEI-2,10635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10635-vitality-2,10635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10636-location-1,10636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.52, 143.89]]}",,,bib3280,no 10636-location-2,10636,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10636-location-3,10636,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bun village""}",,,bib4545,yes +10636-location-3,10636,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bun village""}",,,bib4566,yes 10636-speaker_number-1,10636,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10636-speakers-1,10636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10636-speaker_number-2,10636,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10636-speakers-2,10636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""194"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10636-speaker_number-2,10636,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10636-speakers-2,10636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""194"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10636-LEI-1,10636,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10636-vitality-1,10636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10636-LEI-2,10636,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10636-vitality-2,10636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10637-location-1,10637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.35, 144.09]]}",,,bib3264,no +10636-LEI-2,10636,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10636-vitality-2,10636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10637-location-1,10637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.35, 144.09]]}",,,bib3280,no 10637-location-2,10637,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram district.""}",,,bib69,no -10637-location-3,10637,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""15 villages: Bobaten, Bobten, Kambaramba, Kambot, Kambuku, Korogopa, Lol, Pamban, Panyaten, Pataka, Raten, Simbiri, Wori, Wom, and Yamen.""}",,,bib4545,no -10637-location-4,10637,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Angoram District""}",,,bib6051,yes +10637-location-3,10637,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""15 villages: Bobaten, Bobten, Kambaramba, Kambot, Kambuku, Korogopa, Lol, Pamban, Panyaten, Pataka, Raten, Simbiri, Wori, Wom, and Yamen.""}",,,bib4566,no +10637-location-4,10637,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Angoram District""}",,,bib6075,yes 10637-speaker_number-1,10637,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 PBT),bib69,no 10637-speakers-1,10637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 PBT),bib69,no -10637-speaker_number-2,10637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10637-speakers-2,10637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,738"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10637-speaker_number-3,10637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6051,yes -10637-speakers-3,10637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6051,yes +10637-speaker_number-2,10637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10637-speakers-2,10637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,738"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10637-speaker_number-3,10637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6075,yes +10637-speakers-3,10637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6075,yes 10637-LEI-1,10637,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10637-vitality-1,10637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10637-LEI-2,10637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10637-vitality-2,10637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10637-LEI-3,10637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6051,yes -10637-vitality-3,10637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6051,yes +10637-LEI-2,10637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10637-vitality-2,10637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10637-LEI-3,10637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6075,yes +10637-vitality-3,10637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6075,yes 10638-context-1,10638,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,Educated young and middle-age adults speak some English [eng]. Also use Tok Pisin [tpi].,bib69,no -10638-location-1,10638,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.24, 144.47]]}",,,bib3264,no +10638-location-1,10638,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.24, 144.47]]}",,,bib3280,no 10638-location-2,10638,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang and East Sepik provinces; between Ramu, Sepik, and Angoram rivers; northwest of Madang. 22 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10638-location-3,10638,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""21 villages: Lembum, Adjora, Asau, Dwaia, Duwar, Eronen, Gwaia, Jangit, Jeta, Kitchikan, Kirop, Mangum, Manmong, Muruk, Nauruk, Ogomania, Pinam, Pokoran, Tarangai, Unkenang, and Senae.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10638-location-3,10638,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""21 villages: Lembum, Adjora, Asau, Dwaia, Duwar, Eronen, Gwaia, Jangit, Jeta, Kitchikan, Kirop, Mangum, Manmong, Muruk, Nauruk, Ogomania, Pinam, Pokoran, Tarangai, Unkenang, and Senae.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10638-speaker_number-1,10638,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2000 census). 820 Sabu, 3,380 Abu.",bib69,no 10638-speakers-1,10638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2000 census). 820 Sabu, 3,380 Abu.",bib69,no -10638-speaker_number-2,10638,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10638-speakers-2,10638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10638-speaker_number-2,10638,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10638-speakers-2,10638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,347"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10638-LEI-1,10638,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10638-vitality-1,10638,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10638-LEI-2,10638,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10638-vitality-2,10638,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10638-LEI-2,10638,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10638-vitality-2,10638,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10639-context-1,10639,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10639-context-2,10639,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Overall, Ambakich speakers reported positive attitudes toward their language. They value it as a part of their heritage.""}",,"The most widely spoken language in Aion territory is Tok Pisin. People in all villages surveyed reported that everyone is able to speak Tok Pisin. Most adults are also able to speak Ambakich, but proficiency among the children is limited.",bib6008,yes +10639-context-2,10639,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Overall, Ambakich speakers reported positive attitudes toward their language. They value it as a part of their heritage.""}",,"The most widely spoken language in Aion territory is Tok Pisin. People in all villages surveyed reported that everyone is able to speak Tok Pisin. Most adults are also able to speak Ambakich, but proficiency among the children is limited.",bib6032,yes 10639-location-1,10639,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -10639-location-2,10639,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Agrant, Akaian, Angang, Arango, Ombos, Oremai, and Pankin.""}",,,bib4545,no -10639-location-3,10639,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Angoram District. \""Their villages are primarily located along the Porapora (Bien) River, a tributary of the Sepik River southeast of Marienberg.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.2, 144.25]]}",,,bib6008,yes +10639-location-2,10639,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Agrant, Akaian, Angang, Arango, Ombos, Oremai, and Pankin.""}",,,bib4566,no +10639-location-3,10639,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Angoram District. \""Their villages are primarily located along the Porapora (Bien) River, a tributary of the Sepik River southeast of Marienberg.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.2, 144.25]]}",,,bib6032,yes 10639-speaker_number-1,10639,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10639-speakers-1,10639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,970"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10639-speaker_number-2,10639,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10639-speakers-2,10639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""774"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10639-speaker_number-3,10639,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6008,yes -10639-speakers-3,10639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,964"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6008,yes +10639-speaker_number-2,10639,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10639-speakers-2,10639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""774"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10639-speaker_number-3,10639,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6032,yes +10639-speakers-3,10639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,964"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6032,yes 10639-LEI-1,10639,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10639-transmission-1,10639,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib69,no 10639-domains_of_use-1,10639,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib69,no 10639-vitality-1,10639,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib69,no -10639-LEI-2,10639,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10639-vitality-2,10639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10639-LEI-3,10639,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6008,yes -10639-transmission-3,10639,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6008,yes -10639-domains_of_use-3,10639,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6008,yes -10639-vitality-3,10639,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6008,yes +10639-LEI-2,10639,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10639-vitality-2,10639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10639-LEI-3,10639,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6032,yes +10639-transmission-3,10639,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6032,yes +10639-domains_of_use-3,10639,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6032,yes +10639-vitality-3,10639,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6032,yes 1064-context-1,1064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007). Also use Spanish""}",,,bib67,no 1064-context-2,1064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -1064-context-3,1064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5153,yes -1064-location-1,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Napo and Apayacu rivers, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1064-context-3,1064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5175,yes +1064-location-1,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Napo and Apayacu rivers, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1064-location-2,1064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.83333333333, -72.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1064-location-3,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto region, Yanayacu, Sucusari, Algod\u00f3n, and Putumayo rivers.""}",,"Loreto region, Yanayacu, Sucusari, Algodón, and Putumayo rivers.",bib67,no 1064-location-4,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Loreto region: Algodón, Putumayo, Sucusari, and Yanayacu rivers.",bib70,no -1064-location-5,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peruvian Amazonia""}",,northern Peruvian Amazonia,bib5153,yes -1064-location-6,1064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7674, -72.9492]]}",,,bib5307,no -1064-location-7,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, along the Yanayacu, Sucusari, Putumayo, and Algodon rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -1064-location-8,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +1064-location-5,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peruvian Amazonia""}",,northern Peruvian Amazonia,bib5175,yes +1064-location-6,1064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7674, -72.9492]]}",,,bib5330,no +1064-location-7,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, along the Yanayacu, Sucusari, Putumayo, and Algodon rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +1064-location-8,1064,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 1064-speaker_number-1,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1064-speakers-1,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""405"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""190"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 1064-speaker_number-2,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 1064-speakers-2,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -1064-speaker_number-3,1064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5153,yes -1064-speakers-3,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5153,yes -1064-speaker_number-4,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1064-speakers-4,1064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1064-speaker_number-5,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture.,bib1903,no -1064-speakers-5,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture.,bib1903,no +1064-speaker_number-3,1064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5175,yes +1064-speakers-3,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5175,yes +1064-speaker_number-4,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1064-speakers-4,1064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1064-speaker_number-5,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture.,bib1915,no +1064-speakers-5,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture.,bib1915,no 1064-speaker_number-6,1064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1064-speakers-6,1064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""190"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1064-speaker_number-7,1064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -1064-speakers-7,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +1064-speaker_number-7,1064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +1064-speakers-7,1064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 1064-LEI-1,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007). Also use Spanish,bib67,no 1064-vitality-1,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007). Also use Spanish,bib67,no 1064-LEI-2,1064,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no 1064-transmission-2,1064,transmission,3,transmission-3,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no 1064-speaker_number_trends-2,1064,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no 1064-vitality-2,1064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Younger generation has abandoned the language and most of the Orejon culture (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no -1064-LEI-3,1064,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered.,bib5153,yes -1064-transmission-3,1064,transmission,4,transmission-4,Highly endangered.,bib5153,yes -1064-domains_of_use-3,1064,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Highly endangered.,bib5153,yes -1064-speaker_number_trends-3,1064,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Highly endangered.,bib5153,yes -1064-vitality-3,1064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Highly endangered.,bib5153,yes -1064-LEI-4,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1064-vitality-4,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1064-LEI-5,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1064-vitality-5,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1064-LEI-3,1064,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered.,bib5175,yes +1064-transmission-3,1064,transmission,4,transmission-4,Highly endangered.,bib5175,yes +1064-domains_of_use-3,1064,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Highly endangered.,bib5175,yes +1064-speaker_number_trends-3,1064,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Highly endangered.,bib5175,yes +1064-vitality-3,1064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Highly endangered.,bib5175,yes +1064-LEI-4,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1064-vitality-4,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1064-LEI-5,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1064-vitality-5,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1064-LEI-6,1064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1064-vitality-6,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1064-LEI-7,1064,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1064-vitality-7,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -10640-location-1,10640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.57, 144.33]]}",,,bib3264,no +1064-LEI-7,1064,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1064-vitality-7,1064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +10640-location-1,10640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.57, 144.33]]}",,,bib3280,no 10640-location-2,10640,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang and East Sepik provinces. 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10640-location-3,10640,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Buten, Kekten, Munyiten, Pushyten, Angisi, Bugaram, Jabis, Kendai, Kevim, Komting, Kongrum, Megas (Togo), Mogum, Mongitok, Ninias, Rongwik, Ramo, Yar, and Bangapella.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10640-location-3,10640,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Buten, Kekten, Munyiten, Pushyten, Angisi, Bugaram, Jabis, Kendai, Kevim, Komting, Kongrum, Megas (Togo), Mogum, Mongitok, Ninias, Rongwik, Ramo, Yar, and Bangapella.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10640-speaker_number-1,10640,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10640-speakers-1,10640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10640-speaker_number-2,10640,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10640-speakers-2,10640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10640-speaker_number-2,10640,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10640-speakers-2,10640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10640-LEI-1,10640,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10640-vitality-1,10640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10640-LEI-2,10640,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10640-vitality-2,10640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10640-LEI-2,10640,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10640-vitality-2,10640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10641-context-1,10641,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10641-location-1,10641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.96, 143.64]]}",,,bib3264,no +10641-location-1,10641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.96, 143.64]]}",,,bib3280,no 10641-location-2,10641,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Karawari rural district. Mountain villages, Arafundi and Wagupman rivers\u2019 head, Kaiyam, Kupini, Awarem, Namata, Andambit, and Imboin villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10641-location-3,10641,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 or more villages?: Avieme, Isangan?, Pundugum, Tungum, and \""uncensused villages at the head of the Arafundi River\"".""}",,,bib4545,yes +10641-location-3,10641,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 or more villages?: Avieme, Isangan?, Pundugum, Tungum, and \""uncensused villages at the head of the Arafundi River\"".""}",,,bib4566,yes 10641-speaker_number-1,10641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10641-speakers-1,10641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10641-speaker_number-2,10641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10641-speakers-2,10641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10641-speaker_number-2,10641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10641-speakers-2,10641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10641-LEI-1,10641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10641-vitality-1,10641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10641-LEI-2,10641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10641-vitality-2,10641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10641-LEI-2,10641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10641-vitality-2,10641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10642-context-1,10642,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10642-location-1,10642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.75, 143.64]]}",,,bib3264,no +10642-location-1,10642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.75, 143.64]]}",,,bib3280,no 10642-location-2,10642,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Karawari rural district""}",,"""Nanubae"" [afk] is spoken in Imanmeri, Wambrumas, and Yamandim villages; ""Tapei"" [afp] is spoken in Awim and Imboin villages.",bib69,no -10642-location-3,10642,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Auwin, Imanmeri, Imboin, Warlamas, and Yamandim.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10642-location-3,10642,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Auwin, Imanmeri, Imboin, Warlamas, and Yamandim.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10642-speaker_number-1,10642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Nanubae"" [afk] is listed as having 1,270 speakers (2005 SIL); ""Tapei"" [afp] is listed as having 290 speakers (2005 SIL).",bib69,no 10642-speakers-1,10642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,560"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Nanubae"" [afk] is listed as having 1,270 speakers (2005 SIL); ""Tapei"" [afp] is listed as having 290 speakers (2005 SIL).",bib69,no -10642-speaker_number-2,10642,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10642-speakers-2,10642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""633"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10642-speaker_number-2,10642,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10642-speakers-2,10642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""633"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10642-LEI-1,10642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10642-vitality-1,10642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10642-LEI-2,10642,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10642-vitality-2,10642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10643-location-1,10643,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.98, 144.8]]}",,,bib3264,no +10642-LEI-2,10642,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10642-vitality-2,10642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10643-location-1,10643,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.98, 144.8]]}",,,bib3280,no 10643-location-2,10643,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib69,no -10643-location-3,10643,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Iwam, Diugumbi, Asapi, Atsuvatapi, Ivagripi, Uliangupi, Ivarapi, and Vavapi.""}",,,bib8010,yes -10643-location-4,10643,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Asapi, Atsuvatapi, Diugumbi, Ivagripi, Ivarapi, Iwam, Uliangupi, and Vavapi.""}",,,bib4545,no +10643-location-3,10643,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Iwam, Diugumbi, Asapi, Atsuvatapi, Ivagripi, Uliangupi, Ivarapi, and Vavapi.""}",,,bib8035,yes +10643-location-4,10643,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Asapi, Atsuvatapi, Diugumbi, Ivagripi, Ivarapi, Iwam, Uliangupi, and Vavapi.""}",,,bib4566,no 10643-speaker_number-1,10643,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 10643-speakers-1,10643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -10643-speaker_number-2,10643,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10643-speakers-2,10643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes -10643-speaker_number-3,10643,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -10643-speakers-3,10643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +10643-speaker_number-2,10643,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10643-speakers-2,10643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes +10643-speaker_number-3,10643,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +10643-speakers-3,10643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 10643-LEI-1,10643,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10643-vitality-1,10643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10643-LEI-2,10643,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10643-vitality-2,10643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10643-LEI-3,10643,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10643-vitality-3,10643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10644-location-1,10644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 144.76]]}",,,bib3264,no +10643-LEI-2,10643,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10643-vitality-2,10643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10643-LEI-3,10643,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10643-vitality-3,10643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10644-location-1,10644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 144.76]]}",,,bib3280,no 10644-location-2,10644,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, west of Madang town, scattered.""}",,,bib69,no -10644-location-3,10644,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Ambaiat, Irigrat, Ipirait, Jamenke, and Kurakem.""}",,,bib8010,yes -10644-location-4,10644,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Ambai-Ati, Ipirait, Irigrat, Jamenke, and Kurakem.""}",,,bib4545,no +10644-location-3,10644,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Ambaiat, Irigrat, Ipirait, Jamenke, and Kurakem.""}",,,bib8035,yes +10644-location-4,10644,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Ambai-Ati, Ipirait, Irigrat, Jamenke, and Kurakem.""}",,,bib4566,no 10644-speaker_number-1,10644,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 10644-speakers-1,10644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -10644-speaker_number-2,10644,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10644-speakers-2,10644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes -10644-speaker_number-3,10644,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -10644-speakers-3,10644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +10644-speaker_number-2,10644,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10644-speakers-2,10644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes +10644-speaker_number-3,10644,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +10644-speakers-3,10644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 10644-LEI-1,10644,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10644-vitality-1,10644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10644-LEI-2,10644,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10644-vitality-2,10644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10644-LEI-3,10644,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10644-vitality-3,10644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10645-context-1,10645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Both communities expressed a desire for their children to learn and use the Marangis language.""}",,"The people of Marangis report speaking only Marangis, while the people of Watam report using some Tok Pisin.",bib5763,yes +10644-LEI-2,10644,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10644-vitality-2,10644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10644-LEI-3,10644,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10644-vitality-3,10644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10645-context-1,10645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Both communities expressed a desire for their children to learn and use the Marangis language.""}",,"The people of Marangis report speaking only Marangis, while the people of Watam report using some Tok Pisin.",bib5787,yes 10645-context-2,10645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10645-location-1,10645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast, near the border of the Madang and East Sepik Provinces and the Ramu River: Marangis and Watam villages.""}",,,bib5763,yes -10645-location-2,10645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.03, 144.58]]}",,,bib3264,no +10645-location-1,10645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast, near the border of the Madang and East Sepik Provinces and the Ramu River: Marangis and Watam villages.""}",,,bib5787,yes +10645-location-2,10645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.03, 144.58]]}",,,bib3280,no 10645-location-3,10645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang and East Sepik provinces, 3 coastal villages between Ramu and Sepik rivers, near Ramu mouth.""}",,,bib69,no -10645-location-4,10645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Watam and Marangis villages""}",,,bib4545,no -10645-speaker_number-1,10645,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The estimated population of Marangis village is 775, the estimated population of Watam village is 311 (not including immigrants from other villages).",bib5763,yes -10645-speakers-1,10645,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,086"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,086"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The estimated population of Marangis village is 775, the estimated population of Watam village is 311 (not including immigrants from other villages).",bib5763,yes +10645-location-4,10645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Watam and Marangis villages""}",,,bib4566,no +10645-speaker_number-1,10645,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The estimated population of Marangis village is 775, the estimated population of Watam village is 311 (not including immigrants from other villages).",bib5787,yes +10645-speakers-1,10645,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,086"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,086"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The estimated population of Marangis village is 775, the estimated population of Watam village is 311 (not including immigrants from other villages).",bib5787,yes 10645-speaker_number-2,10645,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10645-speakers-2,10645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10645-speaker_number-3,10645,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10645-speakers-3,10645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""367"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10645-LEI-1,10645,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5763,yes -10645-transmission-1,10645,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5763,yes -10645-domains_of_use-1,10645,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5763,yes -10645-speaker_number_trends-1,10645,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5763,yes -10645-vitality-1,10645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5763,yes +10645-speaker_number-3,10645,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10645-speakers-3,10645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""367"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10645-LEI-1,10645,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5787,yes +10645-transmission-1,10645,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5787,yes +10645-domains_of_use-1,10645,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5787,yes +10645-speaker_number_trends-1,10645,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5787,yes +10645-vitality-1,10645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Marangis is used to some extent in all the churches in the area. It is also used in the elementary schools that are functioning, not as the official language of instruction, but as the language used when something needs to be explained.",bib5787,yes 10645-LEI-2,10645,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10645-vitality-2,10645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10645-LEI-3,10645,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10645-vitality-3,10645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10646-context-1,10646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kayan are very proud of their language and actively teach outsiders, including teachers and immigrant mothers.""}",,"The local Roman Catholic church does use some Kayan—but not much, as they wish to accommodate speakers of other languages.",bib5763,yes -10646-location-1,10646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""On the north coast near the border of Madang and East Sepik Provinces and the Ramu River: Kayan village.""}",,,bib5763,yes -10646-location-2,10646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.07, 144.76]]}",,,bib3264,no +10645-LEI-3,10645,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10645-vitality-3,10645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10646-context-1,10646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kayan are very proud of their language and actively teach outsiders, including teachers and immigrant mothers.""}",,"The local Roman Catholic church does use some Kayan—but not much, as they wish to accommodate speakers of other languages.",bib5787,yes +10646-location-1,10646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""On the north coast near the border of Madang and East Sepik Provinces and the Ramu River: Kayan village.""}",,,bib5787,yes +10646-location-2,10646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.07, 144.76]]}",,,bib3280,no 10646-location-3,10646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, coast east of Ramu river. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -10646-location-4,10646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaian village""}",,,bib4545,no -10646-speaker_number-1,10646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The estimated population of Kayan village is 792 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes -10646-speakers-1,10646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""792"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<792"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The estimated population of Kayan village is 792 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes +10646-location-4,10646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaian village""}",,,bib4566,no +10646-speaker_number-1,10646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The estimated population of Kayan village is 792 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes +10646-speakers-1,10646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""792"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<792"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The estimated population of Kayan village is 792 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes 10646-speaker_number-2,10646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2004 PBT),bib69,no 10646-speakers-2,10646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2004 PBT),bib69,no -10646-speaker_number-3,10646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10646-speakers-3,10646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10646-LEI-1,10646,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5763,yes -10646-transmission-1,10646,transmission,0,transmission-0,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5763,yes -10646-domains_of_use-1,10646,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5763,yes -10646-vitality-1,10646,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5763,yes +10646-speaker_number-3,10646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10646-speakers-3,10646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10646-LEI-1,10646,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5787,yes +10646-transmission-1,10646,transmission,0,transmission-0,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5787,yes +10646-domains_of_use-1,10646,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5787,yes +10646-vitality-1,10646,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All the children in Kayan learn the Kayan language first and use it actively with all members of society including other children.,bib5787,yes 10646-LEI-2,10646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10646-vitality-2,10646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10646-LEI-3,10646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10646-vitality-3,10646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10647-location-1,10647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.09, 144.72]]}",,,bib3264,no +10646-LEI-3,10646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10646-vitality-3,10646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10647-location-1,10647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.09, 144.72]]}",,,bib3280,no 10647-location-2,10647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, Ramu river area and east. 8 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10647-location-3,10647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Bak, Boroi, Botbot, Bulira, Damur, Gabun, Galek, Gamei, and Kabuk.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10647-location-3,10647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""9 villages: Bak, Boroi, Botbot, Bulira, Damur, Gabun, Galek, Gamei, and Kabuk.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10647-speaker_number-1,10647,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10647-speakers-1,10647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10647-speaker_number-2,10647,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,yes -10647-speakers-2,10647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,202"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10647-speaker_number-2,10647,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,yes +10647-speakers-2,10647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,202"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10647-LEI-1,10647,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10647-vitality-1,10647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10647-LEI-2,10647,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10647-vitality-2,10647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10648-context-1,10648,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Awar in all three villages recognize that their language is in an endangered position. Most of them speak only of trying to record their language so it is not lost entirely. Only a few spoke of trying to revitalize it.""}",,,bib5763,yes -10648-location-1,10648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""On the north coast near the border of Madang and East Speik Provinces and the Ramu River: Awar, Nubia, and Sisimagum villages.""}",,,bib5763,yes -10648-location-2,10648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.14, 144.84]]}",,,bib3264,no +10647-LEI-2,10647,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10647-vitality-2,10647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10648-context-1,10648,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Awar in all three villages recognize that their language is in an endangered position. Most of them speak only of trying to record their language so it is not lost entirely. Only a few spoke of trying to revitalize it.""}",,,bib5787,yes +10648-location-1,10648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""On the north coast near the border of Madang and East Speik Provinces and the Ramu River: Awar, Nubia, and Sisimagum villages.""}",,,bib5787,yes +10648-location-2,10648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.14, 144.84]]}",,,bib3280,no 10648-location-3,10648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, Hansa bay coast. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10648-location-4,10648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Awar, Nubia, and Sisinangan villages""}",,,bib4545,no -10648-speaker_number-1,10648,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The estimated population for Awar village is 601; the estimated population for Nubia village is 317; and the estimated population for Sisimagum village is 235 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes -10648-speakers-1,10648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,153"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,153"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The estimated population for Awar village is 601; the estimated population for Nubia village is 317; and the estimated population for Sisimagum village is 235 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes +10648-location-4,10648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Awar, Nubia, and Sisinangan villages""}",,,bib4566,no +10648-speaker_number-1,10648,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The estimated population for Awar village is 601; the estimated population for Nubia village is 317; and the estimated population for Sisimagum village is 235 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes +10648-speakers-1,10648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,153"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,153"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The estimated population for Awar village is 601; the estimated population for Nubia village is 317; and the estimated population for Sisimagum village is 235 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes 10648-speaker_number-2,10648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10648-speakers-2,10648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10648-speaker_number-3,10648,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10648-speakers-3,10648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""529"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10648-LEI-1,10648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5763,yes -10648-transmission-1,10648,transmission,3,transmission-3,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5763,yes -10648-domains_of_use-1,10648,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5763,yes -10648-speaker_number_trends-1,10648,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5763,yes -10648-vitality-1,10648,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5763,yes +10648-speaker_number-3,10648,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10648-speakers-3,10648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""529"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10648-LEI-1,10648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5787,yes +10648-transmission-1,10648,transmission,3,transmission-3,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5787,yes +10648-domains_of_use-1,10648,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5787,yes +10648-speaker_number_trends-1,10648,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5787,yes +10648-vitality-1,10648,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[A]ll interactions the people have with their children are exclusively in Tok Pisin. ... [t]he community at large rarely uses Awar in any domain. The ability to hear and speak the language still resides in most of the grandparent generation and some of the parent generation, but regular use of the language has died out.",bib5787,yes 10648-LEI-2,10648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10648-vitality-2,10648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10648-LEI-3,10648,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10648-vitality-3,10648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10649-context-1,10649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""All five communities reported the Bosmun language as the first language their children should know well. They also included Tok Pisin, English, or both on the list. All the communities reported some kind of negative emotion at the thought of their children losing their vernacular.""}",,,bib5763,yes +10648-LEI-3,10648,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10648-vitality-3,10648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10649-context-1,10649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""All five communities reported the Bosmun language as the first language their children should know well. They also included Tok Pisin, English, or both on the list. All the communities reported some kind of negative emotion at the thought of their children losing their vernacular.""}",,,bib5787,yes 10649-context-2,10649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10649-location-1,10649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Inland near the Ramu River: 5 villages: Daiden, Nemnem, Dogan, Wamtac, and Goingbang 2; it is also spoken at a \""Base Camp\"".""}",,,bib5763,yes -10649-location-2,10649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.16, 144.65]]}",,,bib3264,no +10649-location-1,10649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Inland near the Ramu River: 5 villages: Daiden, Nemnem, Dogan, Wamtac, and Goingbang 2; it is also spoken at a \""Base Camp\"".""}",,,bib5787,yes +10649-location-2,10649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.16, 144.65]]}",,,bib3280,no 10649-location-3,10649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, lower Ramu river, 5 villages; some in East Sepik Province.""}",,,bib69,no -10649-location-4,10649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Daidem, Dongon, Goingbang, and Mangai.""}",,,bib4545,no -10649-speaker_number-1,10649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The estimated population of Daiden village is 191; the estimated population of Nemnem village is 371; the estimated population of Dogan village is 546; the estimated population of Wamtac village is 229; and the estimated population of Goingbang 2 village is 431 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes -10649-speakers-1,10649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,768"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The estimated population of Daiden village is 191; the estimated population of Nemnem village is 371; the estimated population of Dogan village is 546; the estimated population of Wamtac village is 229; and the estimated population of Goingbang 2 village is 431 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5763,yes +10649-location-4,10649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Daidem, Dongon, Goingbang, and Mangai.""}",,,bib4566,no +10649-speaker_number-1,10649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The estimated population of Daiden village is 191; the estimated population of Nemnem village is 371; the estimated population of Dogan village is 546; the estimated population of Wamtac village is 229; and the estimated population of Goingbang 2 village is 431 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes +10649-speakers-1,10649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,768"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The estimated population of Daiden village is 191; the estimated population of Nemnem village is 371; the estimated population of Dogan village is 546; the estimated population of Wamtac village is 229; and the estimated population of Goingbang 2 village is 431 (not including immigrants from other villages).,bib5787,yes 10649-speaker_number-2,10649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2004 PBT). 260 monolinguals.,bib69,no 10649-speakers-2,10649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2004 PBT). 260 monolinguals.,bib69,no -10649-speaker_number-3,10649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10649-speakers-3,10649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""761"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10649-LEI-1,10649,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5763,yes -10649-transmission-1,10649,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5763,yes -10649-domains_of_use-1,10649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5763,yes -10649-speaker_number_trends-1,10649,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5763,yes -10649-vitality-1,10649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5763,yes +10649-speaker_number-3,10649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10649-speakers-3,10649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""761"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10649-LEI-1,10649,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5787,yes +10649-transmission-1,10649,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5787,yes +10649-domains_of_use-1,10649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5787,yes +10649-speaker_number_trends-1,10649,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5787,yes +10649-vitality-1,10649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Currently only a few children actively use the Bosmun language. This is probably because parents seem to use more and more Tok Pisin with their children in the home. In fact, Bosmun is losing ground to Tok Pisin in every domain and age group in the Bosmun communities.",bib5787,yes 10649-LEI-2,10649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10649-vitality-2,10649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10649-LEI-3,10649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10649-vitality-3,10649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10649-LEI-3,10649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10649-vitality-3,10649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 1065-location-1,1065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.0, -57.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1065-location-2,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Western Mato Grosso, on the Jubá, Guaporé, Verde, Papagaio, Burití, and Juruena rivers, in 15–20 villages.",bib67,no 1065-location-3,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia, Mato Grosso,",bib169,no -1065-location-4,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Mato Grosso State, Brazil""]}",,,bib2485,yes -1065-location-5,1065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.3525, -58.0174]]}",,,bib5307,no -1065-location-6,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western Mato Grosso State, on the Juba, Guapore, Verde, Papagaio, Burit\u0131 and Juruena rivers, Terra Ind\u0131gena Est. Parecis, Terra Ind\u0131gena Estivadinho, Terra Ind\u0131gena Figueiras, Terra Ind\u0131gena Juininha, Terra\nInd\u0131gena Pareci, Terra Ind\u0131gena Rio Formoso, Terra Ind\u0131gena Umutina, and Terra Ind\u0131gena Utiariti.""}",,,bib1903,no +1065-location-4,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Mato Grosso State, Brazil""]}",,,bib2498,yes +1065-location-5,1065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.3525, -58.0174]]}",,,bib5330,no +1065-location-6,1065,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western Mato Grosso State, on the Juba, Guapore, Verde, Papagaio, Burit\u0131 and Juruena rivers, Terra Ind\u0131gena Est. Parecis, Terra Ind\u0131gena Estivadinho, Terra Ind\u0131gena Figueiras, Terra Ind\u0131gena Juininha, Terra\nInd\u0131gena Pareci, Terra Ind\u0131gena Rio Formoso, Terra Ind\u0131gena Umutina, and Terra Ind\u0131gena Utiariti.""}",,,bib1915,no 1065-speaker_number-1,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (1999). 2,000 (2008 Administração Executiva Regional Tangara da Serra) (2016).",bib67,no @@ -3051,669 +3051,669 @@ thirty miles south ... The speakers are spread out among fifty-four villages and 1065-speakers-2,1065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,995"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Em 2008, os Paresí contavam com cerca de 2.005 indivíduos que se distribuíam em aldeias nas diversas Terras Indígenas. [In 2008, the Paresí had about 2,005 individuals who were distributed en villages in different Indigenous Territories.]",bib169,no -1065-speaker_number-3,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2485,yes -1065-speakers-3,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2485,yes -1065-speaker_number-4,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1216,no -1065-speakers-4,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1216,no -1065-speaker_number-5,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1065-speakers-5,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1065-speakers-6,1065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,293"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unclear"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,The Parei are closely related to the Saraveca of Bolivia.,bib1903,no +1065-speaker_number-3,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2498,yes +1065-speakers-3,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2498,yes +1065-speaker_number-4,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1225,no +1065-speakers-4,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1225,no +1065-speaker_number-5,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1065-speakers-5,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1065-speakers-6,1065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,293"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unclear"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,The Parei are closely related to the Saraveca of Bolivia.,bib1915,no 1065-speaker_number-7,1065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1065-speakers-7,1065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1065-LEI-1,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1065-vitality-1,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1065-LEI-2,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib169,no 1065-vitality-2,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib169,no -1065-LEI-3,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2485,yes -1065-vitality-3,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2485,yes +1065-LEI-3,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2498,yes +1065-vitality-3,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2498,yes 1065-LEI-4,1065,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are some situations in which the Paresi need to use the dominant language, such as when they have to go to the city to request health services, to receive payments or in other situations. One example of this is that Portuguese has been used in the schools as the language of oral instruction; before only the written Portuguese materials were used. -The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1216,no +The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1225,no 1065-domains_of_use-4,1065,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There are some situations in which the Paresi need to use the dominant language, such as when they have to go to the city to request health services, to receive payments or in other situations. One example of this is that Portuguese has been used in the schools as the language of oral instruction; before only the written Portuguese materials were used. -The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1216,no +The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1225,no 1065-vitality-4,1065,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are some situations in which the Paresi need to use the dominant language, such as when they have to go to the city to request health services, to receive payments or in other situations. One example of this is that Portuguese has been used in the schools as the language of oral instruction; before only the written Portuguese materials were used. -The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1216,no -1065-LEI-5,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1065-vitality-5,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last generation has led to extreme changes in their culture and in linguistic styles and registers, which may be considered as a stage preceding a more profound language endangerment. For example, certain genres of ritual languages such as the shamanic offerings to their deities are known only by a few elders.",bib1225,no +1065-LEI-5,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1065-vitality-5,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1065-LEI-6,1065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1065-vitality-6,1065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -10650-location-1,10650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.29, 144.84]]}",,,bib3264,no +10650-location-1,10650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.29, 144.84]]}",,,bib3280,no 10650-location-2,10650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, between Ramu river and Bogia town.""}",,,bib69,no -10650-location-3,10650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 34 villages: Iku, Niapak, Masawara, Naupi, Waremis, Apingan, Sirin, Dimuk, Puk, Ariangon, Mari, Rugusak, Nauri, Ariap, Sangan, Tiab, Tongbur, Wasangabang, Mekera, Wakima, Banang, Igos, Iruari, Mikarew, Ikemin, Abegani, Warekam, Adui, Dinam, Gorak, Gun, Aringen, Bekun, and Isung.""}",,,bib8010,yes -10650-location-4,10650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""36 villages: Banang, Iku, Mekera, Rugusak No. 1, Sangan, Tiap, Tongbur, Wakima, Abegani, Adui, Apingan No. 1, Apingan No. 2, Ariangon, Ariap, Aringen, Bekun, Dimuk, Dinam, Gorak, Gun No. 1, Gun No. 2, Igos, Ikemin, Iruari, Makarup, Mari, Masawara, Naupi No. 1, Naupi No. 2, Niapak, Puk, Rugusak No. 2, Warekam, Waremis, Wasangabang, and Sirin.""}",,,bib4545,no +10650-location-3,10650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 34 villages: Iku, Niapak, Masawara, Naupi, Waremis, Apingan, Sirin, Dimuk, Puk, Ariangon, Mari, Rugusak, Nauri, Ariap, Sangan, Tiab, Tongbur, Wasangabang, Mekera, Wakima, Banang, Igos, Iruari, Mikarew, Ikemin, Abegani, Warekam, Adui, Dinam, Gorak, Gun, Aringen, Bekun, and Isung.""}",,,bib8035,yes +10650-location-4,10650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""36 villages: Banang, Iku, Mekera, Rugusak No. 1, Sangan, Tiap, Tongbur, Wakima, Abegani, Adui, Apingan No. 1, Apingan No. 2, Ariangon, Ariap, Aringen, Bekun, Dimuk, Dinam, Gorak, Gun No. 1, Gun No. 2, Igos, Ikemin, Iruari, Makarup, Mari, Masawara, Naupi No. 1, Naupi No. 2, Niapak, Puk, Rugusak No. 2, Warekam, Waremis, Wasangabang, and Sirin.""}",,,bib4566,no 10650-speaker_number-1,10650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1990 UBS),bib69,no 10650-speakers-1,10650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1990 UBS),bib69,no -10650-speaker_number-2,10650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8010,yes -10650-speakers-2,10650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8010,yes -10650-speaker_number-3,10650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -10650-speakers-3,10650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +10650-speaker_number-2,10650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8035,yes +10650-speakers-2,10650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8035,yes +10650-speaker_number-3,10650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +10650-speakers-3,10650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 10650-LEI-1,10650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10650-vitality-1,10650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10650-LEI-2,10650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10650-vitality-2,10650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10650-LEI-3,10650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10650-vitality-3,10650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10651-location-1,10651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.23, 144.81]]}",,,bib3264,no +10650-LEI-2,10650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10650-vitality-2,10650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10650-LEI-3,10650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10650-vitality-3,10650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10651-location-1,10651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.23, 144.81]]}",,,bib3280,no 10651-location-2,10651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district, mountains east of lower Ramu river.""}",,,bib69,no -10651-location-3,10651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Akukum, Sepen No. 1, and Sepen No. 2 villages.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10651-location-3,10651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Akukum, Sepen No. 1, and Sepen No. 2 villages.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10651-speaker_number-1,10651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10651-speakers-1,10651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10651-speaker_number-2,10651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10651-speakers-2,10651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10651-speaker_number-2,10651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10651-speakers-2,10651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10651-LEI-1,10651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10651-vitality-1,10651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10651-LEI-2,10651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10651-vitality-2,10651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10652-location-1,10652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.26, 144.71]]}",,,bib3264,no +10651-LEI-2,10651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10651-vitality-2,10651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10652-location-1,10652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.26, 144.71]]}",,,bib3280,no 10652-location-2,10652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, lower Ramu, Garati village area.""}",,,bib69,no -10652-location-3,10652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib6052,yes -10652-location-4,10652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""10 villages: Birap, Giri No. 1, Giri No. 2, Kominung, Minu, Pir No. 1, Pir No. 2, Temnu, Tung, and Warinung.""}",,,bib4545,no +10652-location-3,10652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib6076,yes +10652-location-4,10652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""10 villages: Birap, Giri No. 1, Giri No. 2, Kominung, Minu, Pir No. 1, Pir No. 2, Temnu, Tung, and Warinung.""}",,,bib4566,no 10652-speaker_number-1,10652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10652-speakers-1,10652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10652-speaker_number-2,10652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by approximately 1900 people,bib6052,yes -10652-speakers-2,10652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by approximately 1900 people,bib6052,yes -10652-speaker_number-3,10652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10652-speakers-3,10652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,652"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10652-speaker_number-2,10652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by approximately 1900 people,bib6076,yes +10652-speakers-2,10652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by approximately 1900 people,bib6076,yes +10652-speaker_number-3,10652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10652-speakers-3,10652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,652"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10652-LEI-1,10652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10652-vitality-1,10652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10652-LEI-2,10652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6052,yes -10652-vitality-2,10652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6052,yes -10652-LEI-3,10652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10652-vitality-3,10652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10653-location-1,10653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.46, 144.92]]}",,,bib3264,no +10652-LEI-2,10652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6076,yes +10652-vitality-2,10652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6076,yes +10652-LEI-3,10652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10652-vitality-3,10652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10653-location-1,10653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.46, 144.92]]}",,,bib3280,no 10653-location-2,10653,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Bogia district.""}",,,bib69,no -10653-location-3,10653,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Wasamb, Beiamp, Giar, Amuk, Andeamarup, Duapmang, Sirikin, and Mangigim.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10653-location-3,10653,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Wasamb, Beiamp, Giar, Amuk, Andeamarup, Duapmang, Sirikin, and Mangigim.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10653-speaker_number-1,10653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10653-speakers-1,10653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10653-speaker_number-2,10653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8010,yes -10653-speakers-2,10653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10653-speaker_number-2,10653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8035,yes +10653-speakers-2,10653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10653-LEI-1,10653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10653-vitality-1,10653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10653-LEI-2,10653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10653-vitality-2,10653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10654-location-1,10654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.42, 144.82]]}",,,bib3264,no +10653-LEI-2,10653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10653-vitality-2,10653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10654-location-1,10654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.42, 144.82]]}",,,bib3280,no 10654-location-2,10654,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, west of Tanggu.""}",,,bib69,no -10654-location-3,10654,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Arep, Aber, Igamuk, Isingin, and Reng.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10654-location-3,10654,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Arep, Aber, Igamuk, Isingin, and Reng.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10654-speaker_number-1,10654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 10654-speakers-1,10654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -10654-speaker_number-2,10654,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10654-speakers-2,10654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10654-speaker_number-2,10654,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10654-speakers-2,10654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10654-LEI-1,10654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10654-vitality-1,10654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10654-LEI-2,10654,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10654-vitality-2,10654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10655-location-1,10655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.57, 144.93]]}",,,bib3264,no +10654-LEI-2,10654,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10654-vitality-2,10654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10655-location-1,10655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.57, 144.93]]}",,,bib3280,no 10655-location-2,10655,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, south of Tanggu [tgu] language area.""}",,,bib69,no -10655-location-3,10655,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Tanguat, Gutepek, and Ambok villages.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10655-location-3,10655,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Tanguat, Gutepek, and Ambok villages.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10655-speaker_number-1,10655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10655-speakers-1,10655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10655-speaker_number-2,10655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10655-speakers-2,10655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10655-speaker_number-2,10655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10655-speakers-2,10655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10655-LEI-1,10655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10655-vitality-1,10655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10655-LEI-2,10655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10655-vitality-2,10655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10656-location-1,10656,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.49, 144.77]]}",,,bib3264,no +10655-LEI-2,10655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10655-vitality-2,10655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10656-location-1,10656,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.49, 144.77]]}",,,bib3280,no 10656-location-2,10656,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib69,no -10656-location-3,10656,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Barit, Andarum, Sokumu, Umbo, Dakit, Avunkum, Zukin, and Laptu.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10656-location-3,10656,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 8 villages: Barit, Andarum, Sokumu, Umbo, Dakit, Avunkum, Zukin, and Laptu.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10656-speaker_number-1,10656,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 10656-speakers-1,10656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -10656-speaker_number-2,10656,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10656-speakers-2,10656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10656-speaker_number-2,10656,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10656-speakers-2,10656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10656-LEI-1,10656,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10656-vitality-1,10656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10656-LEI-2,10656,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10656-vitality-2,10656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10657-location-1,10657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.68, 144.9]]}",,,bib3264,no +10656-LEI-2,10656,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10656-vitality-2,10656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10657-location-1,10657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.68, 144.9]]}",,,bib3280,no 10657-location-2,10657,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province; Madang Province, Josephstaal subdistrict.""}",,,bib69,no -10657-location-3,10657,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Itutang\"" is spoken in Itutang, Iangere, and Isarikan villages; \""Midsivindi\"" is spoken in Matanga, Midsivindi, Ingavaia, Olumkun, Bugei, Ungei, Porpor, and Uvorai villages.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10657-location-3,10657,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Itutang\"" is spoken in Itutang, Iangere, and Isarikan villages; \""Midsivindi\"" is spoken in Matanga, Midsivindi, Ingavaia, Olumkun, Bugei, Ungei, Porpor, and Uvorai villages.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10657-speaker_number-1,10657,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 10657-speakers-1,10657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -10657-speaker_number-2,10657,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Itutang"" is listed as having 300 speakers; ""Midsivindi"" is listed as having 990 speakers.",bib8010,yes -10657-speakers-2,10657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Itutang"" is listed as having 300 speakers; ""Midsivindi"" is listed as having 990 speakers.",bib8010,yes +10657-speaker_number-2,10657,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Itutang"" is listed as having 300 speakers; ""Midsivindi"" is listed as having 990 speakers.",bib8035,yes +10657-speakers-2,10657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Itutang"" is listed as having 300 speakers; ""Midsivindi"" is listed as having 990 speakers.",bib8035,yes 10657-LEI-1,10657,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10657-vitality-1,10657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10657-LEI-2,10657,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10657-vitality-2,10657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10658-location-1,10658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.73, 144.71]]}",,,bib3264,no +10657-LEI-2,10657,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10657-vitality-2,10657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10658-location-1,10658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.73, 144.71]]}",,,bib3280,no 10658-location-2,10658,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, lower Ramu valley, west of Madang town.""}",,,bib69,no -10658-location-3,10658,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Misinki, Korbunka, Sutubu, Wengabu, and Limbubu.""}",,,bib8010,yes +10658-location-3,10658,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: 5 villages: Misinki, Korbunka, Sutubu, Wengabu, and Limbubu.""}",,,bib8035,yes 10658-speaker_number-1,10658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1986 PBT),bib69,no 10658-speakers-1,10658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1986 PBT),bib69,no -10658-speaker_number-2,10658,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10658-speakers-2,10658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10658-speaker_number-2,10658,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10658-speakers-2,10658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10658-LEI-1,10658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10658-vitality-1,10658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10658-LEI-2,10658,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10658-vitality-2,10658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -10659-location-1,10659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.59, 144.69]]}",,,bib3264,no +10658-LEI-2,10658,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10658-vitality-2,10658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +10659-location-1,10659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.59, 144.69]]}",,,bib3280,no 10659-location-2,10659,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib69,no -10659-location-3,10659,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken in Romkun and other small hamlets.\""""}",,,bib8010,yes +10659-location-3,10659,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken in Romkun and other small hamlets.\""""}",,,bib8035,yes 10659-speaker_number-1,10659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10659-speakers-1,10659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10659-speaker_number-2,10659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,yes -10659-speakers-2,10659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,yes +10659-speaker_number-2,10659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,yes +10659-speakers-2,10659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,yes 10659-LEI-1,10659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10659-vitality-1,10659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10659-LEI-2,10659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,yes -10659-vitality-2,10659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,yes -1066-context-1,1066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese, Spanish""}",,,bib1612,yes -1066-context-2,1066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese, Spanish""}",,,bib1442,no -1066-location-1,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1612,yes +10659-LEI-2,10659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes +10659-vitality-2,10659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes +1066-context-1,1066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese, Spanish""}",,,bib1624,yes +1066-context-2,1066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese, Spanish""}",,,bib1454,no +1066-location-1,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1624,yes 1066-location-2,1066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.33333333333, -70.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1066-location-3,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Vaupes Department, Vaup\u00e9s, Cuduyari, Querar\u00ed rivers and tributaries; possibly some in Guain\u00eda Department.""}",,"Vaupés Department, Vaupés, Cuduyari, Querarí rivers and tributaries; possibly some in Guainía Department.",bib67,no -1066-location-4,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""on the Uaupes (Vaup\u00e9s) River and its tributaries along the border of Brazil and Colombia""}",,,bib1442,no -1066-location-5,1066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5, -70.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -1066-location-6,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colobmia: southeast, Department of Vaupes, northwestern Vaupes River area, on the Vaupes, Cuduyari and Querari rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -1066-location-7,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no -1066-speaker_number-1,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Brazil about 400 people and in Colombia about 7,500 people speak Kubeo.",bib1612,yes -1066-speakers-1,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Brazil about 400 people and in Colombia about 7,500 people speak Kubeo.",bib1612,yes +1066-location-4,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""on the Uaupes (Vaup\u00e9s) River and its tributaries along the border of Brazil and Colombia""}",,,bib1454,no +1066-location-5,1066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5, -70.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +1066-location-6,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colobmia: southeast, Department of Vaupes, northwestern Vaupes River area, on the Vaupes, Cuduyari and Querari rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +1066-location-7,1066,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no +1066-speaker_number-1,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Brazil about 400 people and in Colombia about 7,500 people speak Kubeo.",bib1624,yes +1066-speakers-1,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Brazil about 400 people and in Colombia about 7,500 people speak Kubeo.",bib1624,yes 1066-speaker_number-2,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""6,650 in Colombia (2001). 10% monolinguals."" 6,100 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), increasing. Population total all countries: 6,260. 610 monolinguals (2103).",bib67,no 1066-speakers-2,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""6,650 in Colombia (2001). 10% monolinguals."" 6,100 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), increasing. Population total all countries: 6,260. 610 monolinguals (2103).",bib67,no -1066-speaker_number-3,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1442,no -1066-speakers-3,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1442,no -1066-speaker_number-4,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1066-speakers-4,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1066-speaker_number-5,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1066-speakers-5,1066,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~6,035"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1066-speaker_number-3,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1454,no +1066-speakers-3,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1454,no +1066-speaker_number-4,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1066-speakers-4,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1066-speaker_number-5,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1066-speakers-5,1066,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~6,035"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1066-speaker_number-6,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1066-speakers-6,1066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1066-speaker_number-7,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 150- 200 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 381 people in Brazil (2005) and 6647 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1902,no -1066-speakers-7,1066,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7028"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,797-6,847"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 150- 200 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 381 people in Brazil (2005) and 6647 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1902,no -1066-LEI-1,1066,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1612,yes -1066-transmission-1,1066,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1612,yes -1066-domains_of_use-1,1066,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1612,yes -1066-speaker_number_trends-1,1066,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1612,yes -1066-vitality-1,1066,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1612,yes +1066-speaker_number-7,1066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 150- 200 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 381 people in Brazil (2005) and 6647 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1914,no +1066-speakers-7,1066,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7028"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,797-6,847"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 150- 200 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 381 people in Brazil (2005) and 6647 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1914,no +1066-LEI-1,1066,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1624,yes +1066-transmission-1,1066,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1624,yes +1066-domains_of_use-1,1066,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1624,yes +1066-speaker_number_trends-1,1066,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1624,yes +1066-vitality-1,1066,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1624,yes 1066-LEI-2,1066,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1066-transmission-2,1066,transmission,1,transmission-1,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1066-speaker_number_trends-2,1066,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1066-vitality-2,1066,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -1066-LEI-3,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1442,no -1066-vitality-3,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1442,no -1066-LEI-4,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1066-vitality-4,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1066-LEI-5,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1066-vitality-5,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1066-LEI-3,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1454,no +1066-vitality-3,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1454,no +1066-LEI-4,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1066-vitality-4,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1066-LEI-5,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1066-vitality-5,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1066-LEI-6,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1066-vitality-6,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1066-LEI-7,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1066-vitality-7,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1066-LEI-7,1066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1066-vitality-7,1066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 10660-context-1,10660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10660-context-2,10660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The people think highly of their language.""}",,,bib7462,yes -10660-location-1,10660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 141.49]]}",,,bib3264,no +10660-context-2,10660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The people think highly of their language.""}",,,bib7486,yes +10660-location-1,10660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.51, 141.49]]}",,,bib3280,no 10660-location-2,10660,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, north of Namia. 6 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10660-location-3,10660,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Kwomtari, Mango, Baiberi, Ekas, Guriaso, Maragin, Mufuara, Wurabai, Yau'uri, Yenabi, and Wagroni.""}",,,bib4545,no -10660-location-4,10660,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun (West Sepik) Province: 6 villages: Kwomtari, Mango, Baifeni, Yanebi, Yaur; and Wagreni; and the Moitari camp settlement.""}",,,bib7462,yes +10660-location-3,10660,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""11 villages: Kwomtari, Mango, Baiberi, Ekas, Guriaso, Maragin, Mufuara, Wurabai, Yau'uri, Yenabi, and Wagroni.""}",,,bib4566,no +10660-location-4,10660,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun (West Sepik) Province: 6 villages: Kwomtari, Mango, Baifeni, Yanebi, Yaur; and Wagreni; and the Moitari camp settlement.""}",,,bib7486,yes 10660-speaker_number-1,10660,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10660-speakers-1,10660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10660-speaker_number-2,10660,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10660-speakers-2,10660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""824"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10660-speaker_number-3,10660,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Total population [of the six Kwomtari-speaking villages] was 606 at the time of the 2000 census, but is now closer to 800 given the recorded annual births by the SIL team.",bib7462,yes -10660-speakers-3,10660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Total population [of the six Kwomtari-speaking villages] was 606 at the time of the 2000 census, but is now closer to 800 given the recorded annual births by the SIL team.",bib7462,yes +10660-speaker_number-2,10660,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10660-speakers-2,10660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""824"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10660-speaker_number-3,10660,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Total population [of the six Kwomtari-speaking villages] was 606 at the time of the 2000 census, but is now closer to 800 given the recorded annual births by the SIL team.",bib7486,yes +10660-speakers-3,10660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Total population [of the six Kwomtari-speaking villages] was 606 at the time of the 2000 census, but is now closer to 800 given the recorded annual births by the SIL team.",bib7486,yes 10660-LEI-1,10660,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10660-vitality-1,10660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10660-LEI-2,10660,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10660-vitality-2,10660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10660-LEI-3,10660,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7462,yes -10660-domains_of_use-3,10660,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7462,yes -10660-vitality-3,10660,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7462,yes +10660-LEI-2,10660,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10660-vitality-2,10660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10660-LEI-3,10660,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7486,yes +10660-domains_of_use-3,10660,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7486,yes +10660-vitality-3,10660,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Although Tok Pisin is becoming stronger in the area, Kwomtari is still the predominant language in almost every social situation, except when speaking to outsiders.",bib7486,yes 10661-context-1,10661,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10661-location-1,10661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 141.27]]}",,,bib3264,no +10661-location-1,10661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.73, 141.27]]}",,,bib3280,no 10661-location-2,10661,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, southeast of Angor [agg] language area. 3 large villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10661-location-3,10661,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Biaka, Konabai, and Amini villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10661-location-3,10661,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Biaka, Konabai, and Amini villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10661-speaker_number-1,10661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10661-speakers-1,10661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10661-speaker_number-2,10661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10661-speakers-2,10661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""454"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10661-speaker_number-2,10661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10661-speakers-2,10661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""454"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10661-LEI-1,10661,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10661-vitality-1,10661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10661-LEI-2,10661,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10661-vitality-2,10661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10662-context-1,10662,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,"Especially the boys also learn to understand Tok Pisin, one of the national languages. As they grow older they learn to speak it. Women do not usually speak Tok Pisin though some understand it .",bib8300,yes -10662-location-1,10662,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Ambunti district""}",,The people are semi-nomadic hunters and gatherers.,bib8300,yes -10662-location-2,10662,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.2, 141.66]]}",,,bib3264,no +10661-LEI-2,10661,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10661-vitality-2,10661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10662-context-1,10662,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,"Especially the boys also learn to understand Tok Pisin, one of the national languages. As they grow older they learn to speak it. Women do not usually speak Tok Pisin though some understand it .",bib8325,yes +10662-location-1,10662,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province: Ambunti district""}",,The people are semi-nomadic hunters and gatherers.,bib8325,yes +10662-location-2,10662,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.2, 141.66]]}",,,bib3280,no 10662-location-3,10662,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district, Waniap creek, south of Sepik river, south of Namia, Ama (Wopolu I), Wopolu II (Nokonufa), Kauvia (Kawiya), and Yonuwai villages; all on hills rising from the swamp.""}",,,bib69,no -10662-location-4,10662,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Boropa, Kauvia, Tigi, and Wobaru.""}",,"The villages of Abi-aboa, Apaka, Asowir, and Nasiap ""have apparently been abandoned since 1965.""",bib4545,no -10662-speaker_number-1,10662,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are about 450 speakers of this language group.,bib8300,yes -10662-speakers-1,10662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are about 450 speakers of this language group.,bib8300,yes +10662-location-4,10662,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Boropa, Kauvia, Tigi, and Wobaru.""}",,"The villages of Abi-aboa, Apaka, Asowir, and Nasiap ""have apparently been abandoned since 1965.""",bib4566,no +10662-speaker_number-1,10662,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are about 450 speakers of this language group.,bib8325,yes +10662-speakers-1,10662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are about 450 speakers of this language group.,bib8325,yes 10662-speaker_number-2,10662,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10662-speakers-2,10662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10662-speaker_number-3,10662,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10662-speakers-3,10662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10662-LEI-1,10662,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8300,yes -10662-transmission-1,10662,transmission,0,transmission-0,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8300,yes -10662-vitality-1,10662,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8300,yes +10662-speaker_number-3,10662,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10662-speakers-3,10662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10662-LEI-1,10662,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8325,yes +10662-transmission-1,10662,transmission,0,transmission-0,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8325,yes +10662-vitality-1,10662,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children grow up learning to speak the language.,bib8325,yes 10662-LEI-2,10662,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10662-vitality-2,10662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10662-LEI-3,10662,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10662-vitality-3,10662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10663-location-1,10663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.47, 141.7]]}",,,bib3264,no +10662-LEI-3,10662,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10662-vitality-3,10662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10663-location-1,10663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.47, 141.7]]}",,,bib3280,no 10663-location-2,10663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, southeast of Nimo [niw] language area, Yei, Amu, Inagri, Samo villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10663-location-3,10663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Amu, Inagri, Samo, and Yei?""}",,"Merapa and Oto ... may be additional hamlets; Yei should speak the same language, but this has not been definitely established.",bib4545,yes +10663-location-3,10663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Amu, Inagri, Samo, and Yei?""}",,"Merapa and Oto ... may be additional hamlets; Yei should speak the same language, but this has not been definitely established.",bib4566,yes 10663-speaker_number-1,10663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1998 NTM),bib69,no 10663-speakers-1,10663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1998 NTM),bib69,no -10663-speaker_number-2,10663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10663-speakers-2,10663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10663-speaker_number-2,10663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10663-speakers-2,10663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10663-LEI-1,10663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10663-vitality-1,10663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10663-LEI-2,10663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10663-vitality-2,10663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10664-location-1,10664,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 141.6]]}",,,bib3264,no +10663-LEI-2,10663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10663-vitality-2,10663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10664-location-1,10664,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 141.6]]}",,,bib3280,no 10664-location-2,10664,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Nakwi-Amasu, Augot, Tiki, and Uwau villages south of Ama [amm] language area.""}",,Village locations change frequently.,bib69,no -10664-location-3,10664,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Augot, Didipas, Mumupra, and Naukwi-Amasu.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10664-location-3,10664,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Augot, Didipas, Mumupra, and Naukwi-Amasu.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10664-speaker_number-1,10664,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10664-speakers-1,10664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10664-speaker_number-2,10664,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10664-speakers-2,10664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10664-speaker_number-2,10664,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10664-speakers-2,10664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10664-LEI-1,10664,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10664-vitality-1,10664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10664-LEI-2,10664,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10664-vitality-2,10664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10665-location-1,10665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.36, 141.58]]}",,,bib3264,no +10664-LEI-2,10664,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10664-vitality-2,10664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10665-location-1,10665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.36, 141.58]]}",,,bib3280,no 10665-location-2,10665,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Nimo, Wasuai, Didipas, Uburu, Yuwaitri, Fowiom, Uwawi, Wamwiu, Binuto, and Arakau villages. Southeast of Ama [amm] language area.""}",,,bib69,no -10665-location-3,10665,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Aimi, Nimo-Aboyemo, Unani, Wasuai, and Yuwaitiri.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10665-location-3,10665,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Aimi, Nimo-Aboyemo, Unani, Wasuai, and Yuwaitiri.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10665-speaker_number-1,10665,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1998 NTM),bib69,no 10665-speakers-1,10665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1998 NTM),bib69,no -10665-speaker_number-2,10665,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10665-speakers-2,10665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10665-speaker_number-2,10665,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10665-speakers-2,10665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10665-LEI-1,10665,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10665-vitality-1,10665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10665-LEI-2,10665,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10665-vitality-2,10665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10665-LEI-2,10665,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10665-vitality-2,10665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10666-context-1,10666,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Bahasa Indonesia [ind]""}",,,bib69,no -10666-context-2,10666,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waris""}",,"Three villages listed under Waris (Ampas, Komieti, and Major) are apparently bilingual in Waris and Manem (Voorhoeve 1971).",bib4545,yes -10666-location-1,10666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.99, 141.02]]}",,,bib3264,no +10666-context-2,10666,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waris""}",,"Three villages listed under Waris (Ampas, Komieti, and Major) are apparently bilingual in Waris and Manem (Voorhoeve 1971).",bib4566,yes +10666-location-1,10666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.99, 141.02]]}",,,bib3280,no 10666-location-2,10666,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Skotiau.""}",,,bib69,no -10666-location-3,10666,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""6 (of an earlier 7) villages in Papua Province, Indonesia: Jeti, Kibae, Kriku, Skofro, (Skotiaho), Uskwar, and Wembi.""}",,The village of Skotiaho has now moved across the border into Australian New Guinea [Papua New Guinea]. where it is now spelt Sekotchiau.,bib4545,yes +10666-location-3,10666,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""6 (of an earlier 7) villages in Papua Province, Indonesia: Jeti, Kibae, Kriku, Skofro, (Skotiaho), Uskwar, and Wembi.""}",,The village of Skotiaho has now moved across the border into Australian New Guinea [Papua New Guinea]. where it is now spelt Sekotchiau.,bib4566,yes 10666-speaker_number-1,10666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 in Papua New Guinea (1993 SIL). Population total all countries: 900.,bib69,no 10666-speakers-1,10666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 in Papua New Guinea (1993 SIL). Population total all countries: 900.,bib69,no -10666-speaker_number-2,10666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Voorhoeve 1971),bib4545,yes -10666-speakers-2,10666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Voorhoeve 1971),bib4545,yes +10666-speaker_number-2,10666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Voorhoeve 1971),bib4566,yes +10666-speakers-2,10666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Voorhoeve 1971),bib4566,yes 10666-LEI-1,10666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10666-vitality-1,10666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10666-LEI-2,10666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10666-vitality-2,10666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10666-LEI-2,10666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10666-vitality-2,10666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10667-context-1,10667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,Almost all also use Tok Pisin [tpi].,bib69,no -10667-location-1,10667,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, Imonda sub-district: 24 villages. Kecamatan Waris in Papua Province, Indonesia.""}",,,bib1304,yes +10667-location-1,10667,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, Imonda sub-district: 24 villages. Kecamatan Waris in Papua Province, Indonesia.""}",,,bib1313,yes 10667-location-2,10667,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, Wasengla area.""}",,,bib69,no -10667-location-3,10667,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""15 villages in Papua New Guinea: Dauchendi, Daundi, Doponendi, Epmi, Imonda, Kolosa, Machendi, Mindepoke, Namola, Omol, Sainendi, Swach-Ketjil, Tokonendi, Wainda, and Yuwetla; 10 villages in Papua Province, Indonesia: Ampas, Kok, Komieti, Major, Mingk, Oum, Pendesi, Sach, Senck, and Swach.""}",,,bib4545,no -10667-location-4,10667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.14, 140.93]]}",,,bib3264,no -10667-speaker_number-1,10667,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 3,000 speakers in Papua New Guinea; perhaps as many as 1,400 speakers in Indonesia.",bib1304,yes -10667-speakers-1,10667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 3,000 speakers in Papua New Guinea; perhaps as many as 1,400 speakers in Indonesia.",bib1304,yes +10667-location-3,10667,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""15 villages in Papua New Guinea: Dauchendi, Daundi, Doponendi, Epmi, Imonda, Kolosa, Machendi, Mindepoke, Namola, Omol, Sainendi, Swach-Ketjil, Tokonendi, Wainda, and Yuwetla; 10 villages in Papua Province, Indonesia: Ampas, Kok, Komieti, Major, Mingk, Oum, Pendesi, Sach, Senck, and Swach.""}",,,bib4566,no +10667-location-4,10667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.14, 140.93]]}",,,bib3280,no +10667-speaker_number-1,10667,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 3,000 speakers in Papua New Guinea; perhaps as many as 1,400 speakers in Indonesia.",bib1313,yes +10667-speakers-1,10667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 3,000 speakers in Papua New Guinea; perhaps as many as 1,400 speakers in Indonesia.",bib1313,yes 10667-speaker_number-2,10667,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,500 in Papua New Guinea, increasing. Population total all countries: 4,000.",bib69,no 10667-speakers-2,10667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,500 in Papua New Guinea, increasing. Population total all countries: 4,000.",bib69,no -10667-speaker_number-3,10667,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This figure includes estimates for Imonda, which is treated as a dialect of Waris by Laycock (1973), but, following Seiler (1985) is included as a separate language in the Catalogue. Indeed, Laycock writes: ""The dialect spoken at Imonda is very distinct, and is regarded by Imonda villagers as a separate language.""",bib4545,no -10667-speakers-3,10667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This figure includes estimates for Imonda, which is treated as a dialect of Waris by Laycock (1973), but, following Seiler (1985) is included as a separate language in the Catalogue. Indeed, Laycock writes: ""The dialect spoken at Imonda is very distinct, and is regarded by Imonda villagers as a separate language.""",bib4545,no -10667-LEI-1,10667,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1304,yes -10667-vitality-1,10667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1304,yes +10667-speaker_number-3,10667,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This figure includes estimates for Imonda, which is treated as a dialect of Waris by Laycock (1973), but, following Seiler (1985) is included as a separate language in the Catalogue. Indeed, Laycock writes: ""The dialect spoken at Imonda is very distinct, and is regarded by Imonda villagers as a separate language.""",bib4566,no +10667-speakers-3,10667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This figure includes estimates for Imonda, which is treated as a dialect of Waris by Laycock (1973), but, following Seiler (1985) is included as a separate language in the Catalogue. Indeed, Laycock writes: ""The dialect spoken at Imonda is very distinct, and is regarded by Imonda villagers as a separate language.""",bib4566,no +10667-LEI-1,10667,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1313,yes +10667-vitality-1,10667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1313,yes 10667-LEI-2,10667,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10667-vitality-2,10667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10667-LEI-3,10667,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10667-vitality-3,10667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10667-LEI-3,10667,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10667-vitality-3,10667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10668-context-1,10668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10668-location-1,10668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.28, 140.92]]}",,,bib3264,no +10668-location-1,10668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.28, 140.92]]}",,,bib3280,no 10668-location-2,10668,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district.""}",,,bib69,no -10668-location-3,10668,location,"{""Places"": [""6 villages in Papua New Guinea: Punda, Sowanda No. 1, Sowanda No. 2, Umeda, Waina, and Wiala"", ""5 villages in Indonesia: Arombawai, Ibela, Jabae, Jabanda, and Makrabo.""]}",,,bib4545,yes +10668-location-3,10668,location,"{""Places"": [""6 villages in Papua New Guinea: Punda, Sowanda No. 1, Sowanda No. 2, Umeda, Waina, and Wiala"", ""5 villages in Indonesia: Arombawai, Ibela, Jabae, Jabanda, and Makrabo.""]}",,,bib4566,yes 10668-speaker_number-1,10668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,970 in Papua New Guinea (2000 census).,bib69,no 10668-speakers-1,10668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,970 in Papua New Guinea (2000 census).,bib69,no -10668-speaker_number-2,10668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population is calculated from the censused villages in the Amanab subdistrict, plus 130 for the West Irian [Papua Province] villages (in 1959).",bib4545,yes -10668-speakers-2,10668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population is calculated from the censused villages in the Amanab subdistrict, plus 130 for the West Irian [Papua Province] villages (in 1959).",bib4545,yes +10668-speaker_number-2,10668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population is calculated from the censused villages in the Amanab subdistrict, plus 130 for the West Irian [Papua Province] villages (in 1959).",bib4566,yes +10668-speakers-2,10668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population is calculated from the censused villages in the Amanab subdistrict, plus 130 for the West Irian [Papua Province] villages (in 1959).",bib4566,yes 10668-LEI-1,10668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10668-vitality-1,10668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10668-LEI-2,10668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10668-vitality-2,10668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10669-location-1,10669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.34, 141.25]]}",,,bib3264,no +10668-LEI-2,10668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10668-vitality-2,10668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10669-location-1,10669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.34, 141.25]]}",,,bib3280,no 10669-location-2,10669,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, Simog and Watape villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10669-location-3,10669,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Simog and Watape villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10669-location-3,10669,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Simog and Watape villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10669-speaker_number-1,10669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10669-speakers-1,10669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10669-speaker_number-2,10669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10669-speakers-2,10669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10669-speaker_number-2,10669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10669-speakers-2,10669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10669-LEI-1,10669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10669-vitality-1,10669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10669-LEI-2,10669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10669-vitality-2,10669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -1067-context-1,1067,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib5262,yes -1067-location-1,1067,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5569, 96.7456]]}",,,bib5307,no +10669-LEI-2,10669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10669-vitality-2,10669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +1067-context-1,1067,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib5285,yes +1067-location-1,1067,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5569, 96.7456]]}",,,bib5330,no 1067-location-2,1067,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Tinsukia District, Margherita Subdivision, Dibrugarh, Sibsagar districts; Arunachal Pradesh, Lohit, and Changlang districts""}",,,bib67,no -1067-speaker_number-1,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5262,yes -1067-speakers-1,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5262,yes -1067-speaker_number-2,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1067-speakers-2,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1067-speaker_number-1,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5285,yes +1067-speakers-1,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5285,yes +1067-speaker_number-2,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1067-speakers-2,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1067-speaker_number-3,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1067-speakers-3,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1067-speaker_number-4,1067,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Morey 2006),bib67,no 1067-speakers-4,1067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Morey 2006),bib67,no -1067-LEI-1,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5262,yes -1067-vitality-1,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5262,yes -1067-LEI-2,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1067-vitality-2,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1067-LEI-1,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5285,yes +1067-vitality-1,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5285,yes +1067-LEI-2,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1067-vitality-2,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1067-LEI-3,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1067-vitality-3,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1067-LEI-4,1067,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1067-vitality-4,1067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 10670-location-1,10670,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district.""}",,,bib69,no -10670-location-2,10670,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""32 villages in Papua New Guinea: Bambol, Aheri, Akraminag, Aurump, Bipan, Einokneri, Iafar No. 1, Iafar No. 2, Iafar No.3, Ibagum, Ifigeri, Iframinag, Ivieg, Kabaineri, Kworinau, Masineri, Mouri, Muwaineri, Nai No.2, Naineri, Namgaineri, Oweniak, Petaineri No. 1, Petaineri No. 2, Seraminag, Wineri, Wamaru, Wofneri, Wogineri, Yumor No. 1, and Yumor No. 2; Yuwero village in Indonesia.""}",,,bib4545,no -10670-location-3,10670,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""about 33 villages in the Amanab sub-district of the Sandaun (West Sepik) Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.55, 141.18]]}",,,bib5190,yes +10670-location-2,10670,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""32 villages in Papua New Guinea: Bambol, Aheri, Akraminag, Aurump, Bipan, Einokneri, Iafar No. 1, Iafar No. 2, Iafar No.3, Ibagum, Ifigeri, Iframinag, Ivieg, Kabaineri, Kworinau, Masineri, Mouri, Muwaineri, Nai No.2, Naineri, Namgaineri, Oweniak, Petaineri No. 1, Petaineri No. 2, Seraminag, Wineri, Wamaru, Wofneri, Wogineri, Yumor No. 1, and Yumor No. 2; Yuwero village in Indonesia.""}",,,bib4566,no +10670-location-3,10670,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""about 33 villages in the Amanab sub-district of the Sandaun (West Sepik) Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.55, 141.18]]}",,,bib5212,yes 10670-speaker_number-1,10670,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10670-speakers-1,10670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10670-speaker_number-2,10670,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10670-speakers-2,10670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,354"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10670-speaker_number-3,10670,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5190,yes -10670-speakers-3,10670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5190,yes +10670-speaker_number-2,10670,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10670-speakers-2,10670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,354"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10670-speaker_number-3,10670,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5212,yes +10670-speakers-3,10670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5212,yes 10670-LEI-1,10670,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10670-vitality-1,10670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10670-LEI-2,10670,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10670-vitality-2,10670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10670-LEI-3,10670,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5190,yes -10670-vitality-3,10670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5190,yes -10671-context-1,10671,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1296,yes -10671-location-1,10671,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 8 villages: Amoi, Apwambo, Idoli, Nambes, Somboi, Imbinis, Imbio 1, and Imbio 2.""}",,,bib1296,yes -10671-location-2,10671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 141.25]]}",,,bib3264,no +10670-LEI-2,10670,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10670-vitality-2,10670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10670-LEI-3,10670,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5212,yes +10670-vitality-3,10670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5212,yes +10671-context-1,10671,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1305,yes +10671-location-1,10671,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 8 villages: Amoi, Apwambo, Idoli, Nambes, Somboi, Imbinis, Imbio 1, and Imbio 2.""}",,,bib1305,yes +10671-location-2,10671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 141.25]]}",,,bib3280,no 10671-location-3,10671,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Vanimo district, Bewani subdistrict, east and southeast of Kilmeri [kih] language area. 5 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10671-location-4,10671,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""10 villages: Ainbai, Amoi, Apwambo, Elis, Idoli, Nambes, Sonbui, Imbio No. 1, Imbio No. 2, Imbio No. 3, and Imbrinis.""}",,,bib4545,no -10671-speaker_number-1,10671,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of eight villages, plus and additional 118 people absent from their village.",bib1296,yes -10671-speakers-1,10671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,224"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of eight villages, plus and additional 118 people absent from their village.",bib1296,yes +10671-location-4,10671,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""10 villages: Ainbai, Amoi, Apwambo, Elis, Idoli, Nambes, Sonbui, Imbio No. 1, Imbio No. 2, Imbio No. 3, and Imbrinis.""}",,,bib4566,no +10671-speaker_number-1,10671,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of eight villages, plus and additional 118 people absent from their village.",bib1305,yes +10671-speakers-1,10671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,224"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of eight villages, plus and additional 118 people absent from their village.",bib1305,yes 10671-speaker_number-2,10671,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10671-speakers-2,10671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10671-speaker_number-3,10671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This figure includes speakers residing in Ainbai and Elis villages, which, according to Brown (1981), speak a distinct language, Ainbai [aic].",bib4545,no -10671-speakers-3,10671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""989"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This figure includes speakers residing in Ainbai and Elis villages, which, according to Brown (1981), speak a distinct language, Ainbai [aic].",bib4545,no -10671-LEI-1,10671,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1296,yes -10671-domains_of_use-1,10671,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1296,yes -10671-vitality-1,10671,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1296,yes +10671-speaker_number-3,10671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This figure includes speakers residing in Ainbai and Elis villages, which, according to Brown (1981), speak a distinct language, Ainbai [aic].",bib4566,no +10671-speakers-3,10671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""989"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This figure includes speakers residing in Ainbai and Elis villages, which, according to Brown (1981), speak a distinct language, Ainbai [aic].",bib4566,no +10671-LEI-1,10671,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1305,yes +10671-domains_of_use-1,10671,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1305,yes +10671-vitality-1,10671,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1305,yes 10671-LEI-2,10671,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10671-vitality-2,10671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10671-LEI-3,10671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10671-vitality-3,10671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10672-context-1,10672,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1296,yes +10671-LEI-3,10671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10671-vitality-3,10671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10672-context-1,10672,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1305,yes 10672-context-2,10672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10672-location-1,10672,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 14 villages: Airu, Awol, Omula, Ossima, Aiyawo, Auli, Elau, Ilup, Isi 1, Isi 2, Kilipau, Kiliwis, osol, and Sosi.""}",,,bib1296,yes -10672-location-2,10672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.89, 141.19]]}",,,bib3264,no +10672-location-1,10672,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 14 villages: Airu, Awol, Omula, Ossima, Aiyawo, Auli, Elau, Ilup, Isi 1, Isi 2, Kilipau, Kiliwis, osol, and Sosi.""}",,,bib1305,yes +10672-location-2,10672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.89, 141.19]]}",,,bib3280,no 10672-location-3,10672,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Vanimo district near Ossima. 15 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10672-location-4,10672,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""14 villages: Aiyawou, Airu, Auli, Awol, Elau, Ilup, Isi No. 1, Isi No. 2, Kilipau, Kiliwis, Omula, Osol, Ossima, and Sosi.""}",,,bib4545,no -10672-speaker_number-1,10672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of fourteen villages, plus and additional 375 people absent from their village.",bib1296,yes -10672-speakers-1,10672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,589"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of fourteen villages, plus and additional 375 people absent from their village.",bib1296,yes +10672-location-4,10672,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""14 villages: Aiyawou, Airu, Auli, Awol, Elau, Ilup, Isi No. 1, Isi No. 2, Kilipau, Kiliwis, Omula, Osol, Ossima, and Sosi.""}",,,bib4566,no +10672-speaker_number-1,10672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of fourteen villages, plus and additional 375 people absent from their village.",bib1305,yes +10672-speakers-1,10672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,589"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population figure is taken from a 1979 census of fourteen villages, plus and additional 375 people absent from their village.",bib1305,yes 10672-speaker_number-2,10672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10672-speakers-2,10672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,970"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10672-speaker_number-3,10672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10672-speakers-3,10672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10672-LEI-1,10672,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1296,yes -10672-domains_of_use-1,10672,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1296,yes -10672-vitality-1,10672,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1296,yes +10672-speaker_number-3,10672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10672-speakers-3,10672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10672-LEI-1,10672,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1305,yes +10672-domains_of_use-1,10672,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1305,yes +10672-vitality-1,10672,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1305,yes 10672-LEI-2,10672,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No users under age 10.,bib69,no 10672-transmission-2,10672,transmission,2,transmission-2,No users under age 10.,bib69,no 10672-vitality-2,10672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,No users under age 10.,bib69,no -10672-LEI-3,10672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10672-vitality-3,10672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10673-location-1,10673,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik [Sandaun] Province: Amanab district: \""13 scattered villages\""""}",,,bib4691,yes +10672-LEI-3,10672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10672-vitality-3,10672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10673-location-1,10673,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik [Sandaun] Province: Amanab district: \""13 scattered villages\""""}",,,bib4713,yes 10673-location-2,10673,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district. 11 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10673-location-3,10673,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""17 villages: Mongo, Pananggau, Tengirabu, Terauwi, Akrani, Amandan, Baribari, Bibriari, Fisi, Kwaramun, Merewe, Nai No. 1, Purumun, Senagi, Unupai, Wamu, and Samanai.""}",,,bib4545,no -10673-location-4,10673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.72, 141.2]]}",,,bib3264,no -10673-speaker_number-1,10673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figure of 1,250 given by S. Litteral (1972) and Loving and Bass (1964) is thought to be more accurate than that given by Laycock (1973) (2,565), since ""he has included three Yuri language villages in his Angor population figures.""",bib4691,yes -10673-speakers-1,10673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figure of 1,250 given by S. Litteral (1972) and Loving and Bass (1964) is thought to be more accurate than that given by Laycock (1973) (2,565), since ""he has included three Yuri language villages in his Angor population figures.""",bib4691,yes +10673-location-3,10673,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""17 villages: Mongo, Pananggau, Tengirabu, Terauwi, Akrani, Amandan, Baribari, Bibriari, Fisi, Kwaramun, Merewe, Nai No. 1, Purumun, Senagi, Unupai, Wamu, and Samanai.""}",,,bib4566,no +10673-location-4,10673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.72, 141.2]]}",,,bib3280,no +10673-speaker_number-1,10673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figure of 1,250 given by S. Litteral (1972) and Loving and Bass (1964) is thought to be more accurate than that given by Laycock (1973) (2,565), since ""he has included three Yuri language villages in his Angor population figures.""",bib4713,yes +10673-speakers-1,10673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figure of 1,250 given by S. Litteral (1972) and Loving and Bass (1964) is thought to be more accurate than that given by Laycock (1973) (2,565), since ""he has included three Yuri language villages in his Angor population figures.""",bib4713,yes 10673-speaker_number-2,10673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(1990 census). 840 in Nai, 430 in Samanai.",bib69,no 10673-speakers-2,10673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(1990 census). 840 in Nai, 430 in Samanai.",bib69,no -10673-speaker_number-3,10673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The population estimate of S. Litteral (1972) as 1250 seems a gross underestimate.,bib4545,no -10673-speakers-3,10673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,565"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The population estimate of S. Litteral (1972) as 1250 seems a gross underestimate.,bib4545,no -10673-LEI-1,10673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4691,yes -10673-vitality-1,10673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4691,yes +10673-speaker_number-3,10673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The population estimate of S. Litteral (1972) as 1250 seems a gross underestimate.,bib4566,no +10673-speakers-3,10673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,565"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The population estimate of S. Litteral (1972) as 1250 seems a gross underestimate.,bib4566,no +10673-LEI-1,10673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4713,yes +10673-vitality-1,10673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4713,yes 10673-LEI-2,10673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10673-vitality-2,10673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10673-LEI-3,10673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10673-vitality-3,10673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10674-context-1,10674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib8177,yes -10674-location-1,10674,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the border of Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. The three major localities within the Dla territory are Kamberatoro Mission in Papua New Guinea and Amgotro Mission and Komando village in West Papua, Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 141.0]]}",,,bib8177,yes +10673-LEI-3,10673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10673-vitality-3,10673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10674-context-1,10674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib8202,yes +10674-location-1,10674,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the border of Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. The three major localities within the Dla territory are Kamberatoro Mission in Papua New Guinea and Amgotro Mission and Komando village in West Papua, Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.6, 141.0]]}",,,bib8202,yes 10674-location-2,10674,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Papua Province, 13 villages. South of Jayapura town, near Waris.""}",,,bib69,no -10674-location-3,10674,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""\""Dera\"" is spoken in Akimari, Kamberatoro, Lihen, Mamambra, Mangwar, Menggau, Mongorovei, Nindebai, Orkwanda, Tamarbek, and Yamamainda villages in Papua New Guinea, and in Amgotro, Komanda, Menggwari, and Yiforo villages in Indonesia; \""Duka-Ekor\"" is spoken in Monggowar (and perhaps other villages) in Indonesia.""}",,,bib4545,no -10674-speaker_number-1,10674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are around 300 Dla people on the West Papuan side, including around 60 Menggwa Dla people, and around 900 people on the Papua New Guinean side, including around 140 Menggwa Dla people.",bib8177,yes -10674-speakers-1,10674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are around 300 Dla people on the West Papuan side, including around 60 Menggwa Dla people, and around 900 people on the Papua New Guinean side, including around 140 Menggwa Dla people.",bib8177,yes +10674-location-3,10674,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""\""Dera\"" is spoken in Akimari, Kamberatoro, Lihen, Mamambra, Mangwar, Menggau, Mongorovei, Nindebai, Orkwanda, Tamarbek, and Yamamainda villages in Papua New Guinea, and in Amgotro, Komanda, Menggwari, and Yiforo villages in Indonesia; \""Duka-Ekor\"" is spoken in Monggowar (and perhaps other villages) in Indonesia.""}",,,bib4566,no +10674-speaker_number-1,10674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are around 300 Dla people on the West Papuan side, including around 60 Menggwa Dla people, and around 900 people on the Papua New Guinean side, including around 140 Menggwa Dla people.",bib8202,yes +10674-speakers-1,10674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are around 300 Dla people on the West Papuan side, including around 60 Menggwa Dla people, and around 900 people on the Papua New Guinean side, including around 140 Menggwa Dla people.",bib8202,yes 10674-speaker_number-2,10674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Indonesia (1987 SIL)",bib69,no 10674-speakers-2,10674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Indonesia (1987 SIL)",bib69,no -10674-speaker_number-3,10674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Dera"" is listed as having 1,474 speakers; ""Duka-Ekor"" is cited as having 230 speakers (Voorhoeve 1971, citing Galis 1956).",bib4545,no -10674-speakers-3,10674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,704"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1956, 1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Dera"" is listed as having 1,474 speakers; ""Duka-Ekor"" is cited as having 230 speakers (Voorhoeve 1971, citing Galis 1956).",bib4545,no -10674-LEI-1,10674,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8177,yes -10674-transmission-1,10674,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib8177,yes -10674-vitality-1,10674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8177,yes +10674-speaker_number-3,10674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Dera"" is listed as having 1,474 speakers; ""Duka-Ekor"" is cited as having 230 speakers (Voorhoeve 1971, citing Galis 1956).",bib4566,no +10674-speakers-3,10674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,704"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1956, 1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Dera"" is listed as having 1,474 speakers; ""Duka-Ekor"" is cited as having 230 speakers (Voorhoeve 1971, citing Galis 1956).",bib4566,no +10674-LEI-1,10674,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8202,yes +10674-transmission-1,10674,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib8202,yes +10674-vitality-1,10674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8202,yes 10674-LEI-2,10674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10674-vitality-2,10674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10674-LEI-3,10674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10674-vitality-3,10674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10675-location-1,10675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.07, 141.73]]}",,,bib3264,no +10674-LEI-3,10674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10674-vitality-3,10674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10675-location-1,10675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.07, 141.73]]}",,,bib3280,no 10675-location-2,10675,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, large central area; Western Province, North Fly district, Star Mountains and Olsobip RLLGs.""}",,,bib69,no -10675-location-3,10675,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""in the vicinity of Telefomin, West Sepik [Sandaun] Province""}",,,bib3405,yes -10675-location-4,10675,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""28 villages: Abunkamin, Afogavip, Agumtavip, Biltavip, Bolvil, Inantigin, Iuatigin, Kobramin, Komdavip, Misinmin No. 2, Nenatuman, Ofekmin, Tagatemtigan, Terapdavip, Utemtigin, Atemkiakmin, Bogalmin, Kialikmin No. 1, Kialikmin No. 2, Korborenmin No. 1, Misinmin No. 1, Oksimin, Sepkialikmin, Telefolip, Timkamin, Tumsengan, Unamo, and Wabadiang.""}",,,bib4545,no +10675-location-3,10675,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""in the vicinity of Telefomin, West Sepik [Sandaun] Province""}",,,bib3423,yes +10675-location-4,10675,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""28 villages: Abunkamin, Afogavip, Agumtavip, Biltavip, Bolvil, Inantigin, Iuatigin, Kobramin, Komdavip, Misinmin No. 2, Nenatuman, Ofekmin, Tagatemtigan, Terapdavip, Utemtigin, Atemkiakmin, Bogalmin, Kialikmin No. 1, Kialikmin No. 2, Korborenmin No. 1, Misinmin No. 1, Oksimin, Sepkialikmin, Telefolip, Timkamin, Tumsengan, Unamo, and Wabadiang.""}",,,bib4566,no 10675-speaker_number-1,10675,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10675-speakers-1,10675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10675-speaker_number-2,10675,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3405,yes -10675-speakers-2,10675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3405,yes -10675-speaker_number-3,10675,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10675-speakers-3,10675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3.132"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +10675-speaker_number-2,10675,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3423,yes +10675-speakers-2,10675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3423,yes +10675-speaker_number-3,10675,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10675-speakers-3,10675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3.132"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 10675-LEI-1,10675,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10675-vitality-1,10675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10675-LEI-2,10675,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3405,yes -10675-vitality-2,10675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3405,yes -10675-LEI-3,10675,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10675-vitality-3,10675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10676-location-1,10676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51, 141.2]]}",,,bib3264,no +10675-LEI-2,10675,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3423,yes +10675-vitality-2,10675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3423,yes +10675-LEI-3,10675,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10675-vitality-3,10675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10676-location-1,10676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51, 141.2]]}",,,bib3280,no 10676-location-2,10676,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, east of Sepik river; western East Sepik Province, Ambunti-Dreikikir district.""}",,,bib69,no -10676-location-3,10676,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Agweisa, Baita, Barubi, Kaumifi, Kwin, Namauwe, Rafin No. 1, Rafin No. 2, Suganga, Ura, Watrabenebie, Wau, and Wokumo.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10676-location-3,10676,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Agweisa, Baita, Barubi, Kaumifi, Kwin, Namauwe, Rafin No. 1, Rafin No. 2, Suganga, Ura, Watrabenebie, Wau, and Wokumo.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10676-speaker_number-1,10676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 10676-speakers-1,10676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -10676-speaker_number-2,10676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10676-speakers-2,10676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10676-speaker_number-2,10676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10676-speakers-2,10676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10676-LEI-1,10676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10676-vitality-1,10676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10676-LEI-2,10676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10676-vitality-2,10676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10676-LEI-2,10676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10676-vitality-2,10676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10677-context-1,10677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Faiwol [fai], Telefol [tlf], Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10677-location-1,10677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.04, 141.29]]}",,,bib3264,no +10677-location-1,10677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.04, 141.29]]}",,,bib3280,no 10677-location-2,10677,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, south of Sepik river; Western Province, North Fly district, Star Mountains RLLG.""}",,,bib69,no -10677-location-3,10677,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""24+ villages: Amtamin, Arimin No. 1, Arimin No. 2, Arimin No. 3, Aremkisim, Busilmin No. 1, Busilmin No. 2, Iumdelmin No. 1, Iumdelmin No. 2, Kaidagoyin, Kubienmin, Siktamin, Tipmunnumin, Umfokmin, Unanklimin No. 1, Unanklimin No. 2, Unanklimin No. 3, Unanklimin No. 4, Wimurapmin No. 1, Wimurapmin No. 2, Wimurapmin No. 3, Wimurapmin No. 4, Tifalmin No. 1, and Tifalmin No. 2; Upper Tifalmin Villages, Urapmin.""}",,,bib4545,no +10677-location-3,10677,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""24+ villages: Amtamin, Arimin No. 1, Arimin No. 2, Arimin No. 3, Aremkisim, Busilmin No. 1, Busilmin No. 2, Iumdelmin No. 1, Iumdelmin No. 2, Kaidagoyin, Kubienmin, Siktamin, Tipmunnumin, Umfokmin, Unanklimin No. 1, Unanklimin No. 2, Unanklimin No. 3, Unanklimin No. 4, Wimurapmin No. 1, Wimurapmin No. 2, Wimurapmin No. 3, Wimurapmin No. 4, Tifalmin No. 1, and Tifalmin No. 2; Upper Tifalmin Villages, Urapmin.""}",,,bib4566,no 10677-location-4,10677,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik [Sandaun] Province, west of Telefomin""}",,,bib221,yes 10677-speaker_number-1,10677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10677-speakers-1,10677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10677-speaker_number-2,10677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Healey 1964),bib4545,no -10677-speakers-2,10677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,329"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Healey 1964),bib4545,no +10677-speaker_number-2,10677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Healey 1964),bib4566,no +10677-speakers-2,10677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,329"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Healey 1964),bib4566,no 10677-speaker_number-3,10677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib221,yes 10677-speakers-3,10677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib221,yes 10677-LEI-1,10677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10677-vitality-1,10677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10677-LEI-2,10677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10677-vitality-2,10677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10677-LEI-2,10677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10677-vitality-2,10677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10677-LEI-3,10677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib221,yes 10677-vitality-3,10677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib221,yes -10678-context-1,10678,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib4727,yes -10678-location-1,10678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.21, 142.18]]}",,,bib3264,no +10678-context-1,10678,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib4749,yes +10678-location-1,10678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.21, 142.18]]}",,,bib3280,no 10678-location-2,10678,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, southwest Sepik Hill languages border; Southern Highlands Province, area between north bank, Strickland river, and Sandaun border; Western Province, Olsobip RLLG.""}",,,bib69,no -10678-location-3,10678,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""36(?) villages: Aramkea, Aranim, Bak, Bakana, Betiana, Daburaba, Disana, Divana, Divana-Siremti, Divana-Woitapa, Duban, Gaugutian, Gautagan, Iua, Kasanbak, Kunana, Kusana, Kusdoban, Kweptana, Lindana, Menma, Nianong, Sanaptianmin, Sembati, Tavea, Teka, Teranmin, Tomiana, Waula, Yendana, Duranmin, Emiapmin, Kamagoiana, Khakna, Kutik, and Suarmin.""}",,Some of the villages listed may be Hewa- or Bimin-speaking.,bib4545,no -10678-location-4,10678,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Telefomin district: Oksapmin subdistrict: most \""live in villages dotted in and around the Tekin, Bak and Oksapmin stations in the Tekin Valley ... There are an additional few hundred speakers living in Tabubil, Western Province, and smaller numbers living in other major centres in PNG.\""""}",,,bib4727,yes +10678-location-3,10678,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""36(?) villages: Aramkea, Aranim, Bak, Bakana, Betiana, Daburaba, Disana, Divana, Divana-Siremti, Divana-Woitapa, Duban, Gaugutian, Gautagan, Iua, Kasanbak, Kunana, Kusana, Kusdoban, Kweptana, Lindana, Menma, Nianong, Sanaptianmin, Sembati, Tavea, Teka, Teranmin, Tomiana, Waula, Yendana, Duranmin, Emiapmin, Kamagoiana, Khakna, Kutik, and Suarmin.""}",,Some of the villages listed may be Hewa- or Bimin-speaking.,bib4566,no +10678-location-4,10678,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: Telefomin district: Oksapmin subdistrict: most \""live in villages dotted in and around the Tekin, Bak and Oksapmin stations in the Tekin Valley ... There are an additional few hundred speakers living in Tabubil, Western Province, and smaller numbers living in other major centres in PNG.\""""}",,,bib4749,yes 10678-speaker_number-1,10678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10678-speakers-1,10678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10678-speaker_number-2,10678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -10678-speakers-2,10678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,700?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -10678-speaker_number-3,10678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"spoken by approximately 8000 people (Lawrence, M. 1993)",bib4727,yes -10678-speakers-3,10678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"spoken by approximately 8000 people (Lawrence, M. 1993)",bib4727,yes +10678-speaker_number-2,10678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +10678-speakers-2,10678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,700?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +10678-speaker_number-3,10678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"spoken by approximately 8000 people (Lawrence, M. 1993)",bib4749,yes +10678-speakers-3,10678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"spoken by approximately 8000 people (Lawrence, M. 1993)",bib4749,yes 10678-LEI-1,10678,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10678-vitality-1,10678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10678-LEI-2,10678,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10678-vitality-2,10678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -10678-LEI-3,10678,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4727,yes -10678-transmission-3,10678,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4727,yes -10678-vitality-3,10678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4727,yes +10678-LEI-2,10678,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10678-vitality-2,10678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +10678-LEI-3,10678,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4749,yes +10678-transmission-3,10678,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4749,yes +10678-vitality-3,10678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Oksapmin is the main language of communication in the Tekin Valley and is still the first language that the vast majority of children in the area learn. Tok Pisin and English are, however, becoming more prominent.",bib4749,yes 10679-context-1,10679,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,Minimal ability in Indonesian [ind].,bib69,no -10679-location-1,10679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 140.42]]}",,,bib3264,no +10679-location-1,10679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 140.42]]}",,,bib3280,no 10679-location-2,10679,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayapura and Keerom regencies, Arso, Abepura, Kemtuk Gresi, and Senggi subdistricts. South of Jayapura city; Lake Sentani area, south, southwest.""}",,,bib69,no -10679-location-3,10679,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Jamas, Kasso, Koja?, Penemon, Samsai, and Sawa.""}",,,bib4545,yes +10679-location-3,10679,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""6 villages: Jamas, Kasso, Koja?, Penemon, Samsai, and Sawa.""}",,,bib4566,yes 10679-speaker_number-1,10679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10679-speakers-1,10679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10679-speaker_number-2,10679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10679-speakers-2,10679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10679-speaker_number-2,10679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10679-speakers-2,10679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10679-LEI-1,10679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10679-vitality-1,10679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10679-LEI-2,10679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10679-vitality-2,10679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -10680-speaker_number-1,10680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by over 1000 Yuri people,bib6025,yes -10680-speakers-1,10680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by over 1000 Yuri people,bib6025,yes -10680-LEI-1,10680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6025,yes -10680-vitality-1,10680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6025,yes -10681-context-1,10681,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,Both Mian dialects are under strong influence from English and Tok Pisin,bib2581,yes -10681-location-1,10681,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Between the August River in the west, the May River in the east, and the Hindenburg Range in the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.9, 141.6]]}",,"West Mian is spoken in and around Yapsiei station; East Mian is spoken in the villages around Mianmin airstrip (Timeilmin, Temsakmin, and Sokamin), and the villages of Gubil, Fiak, and Hotmin.",bib2581,yes +10679-LEI-2,10679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10679-vitality-2,10679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +10680-speaker_number-1,10680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,spoken by over 1000 Yuri people,bib6049,yes +10680-speakers-1,10680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,spoken by over 1000 Yuri people,bib6049,yes +10680-LEI-1,10680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6049,yes +10680-vitality-1,10680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6049,yes +10681-context-1,10681,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,Both Mian dialects are under strong influence from English and Tok Pisin,bib2594,yes +10681-location-1,10681,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Between the August River in the west, the May River in the east, and the Hindenburg Range in the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.9, 141.6]]}",,"West Mian is spoken in and around Yapsiei station; East Mian is spoken in the villages around Mianmin airstrip (Timeilmin, Temsakmin, and Sokamin), and the villages of Gubil, Fiak, and Hotmin.",bib2594,yes 10681-location-2,10681,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, north Fak and Aki river valleys, August river headwaters; East Sepik Province, Ambunti-Dreikikir district, upper May river, Nenebil, Suganga, Blimo, and Wagarabai.""}",,,bib69,no -10681-location-3,10681,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""18 villages: Amaromin, Bovaripmin, Kusarenmin, Mawaimin, Sogamin, Temsapmin, Timelmin, Wameimin, Avaromin-Aki, Ivikmin-Tabu, Ivikmin-Sepik, Karenmin, Kimiasomin, Sanman, Someikmin-Aki, Someimin-Tabu, Urapmin, and Usage.""}",,Some of these villages may speak Wagarabai [Suganga].,bib4545,no -10681-speaker_number-1,10681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Census data: West Mian has about 350 speakers; East Mian has about 1,400 speakers.",bib2581,yes -10681-speakers-1,10681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Census data: West Mian has about 350 speakers; East Mian has about 1,400 speakers.",bib2581,yes +10681-location-3,10681,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""18 villages: Amaromin, Bovaripmin, Kusarenmin, Mawaimin, Sogamin, Temsapmin, Timelmin, Wameimin, Avaromin-Aki, Ivikmin-Tabu, Ivikmin-Sepik, Karenmin, Kimiasomin, Sanman, Someikmin-Aki, Someimin-Tabu, Urapmin, and Usage.""}",,Some of these villages may speak Wagarabai [Suganga].,bib4566,no +10681-speaker_number-1,10681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Census data: West Mian has about 350 speakers; East Mian has about 1,400 speakers.",bib2594,yes +10681-speakers-1,10681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Census data: West Mian has about 350 speakers; East Mian has about 1,400 speakers.",bib2594,yes 10681-speaker_number-2,10681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 10681-speakers-2,10681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -10681-speaker_number-3,10681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Healey 1964),bib4545,no -10681-speakers-3,10681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Healey 1964),bib4545,no -10681-LEI-1,10681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2581,yes -10681-vitality-1,10681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2581,yes +10681-speaker_number-3,10681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Healey 1964),bib4566,no +10681-speakers-3,10681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Healey 1964),bib4566,no +10681-LEI-1,10681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2594,yes +10681-vitality-1,10681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2594,yes 10681-LEI-2,10681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10681-vitality-2,10681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10681-LEI-3,10681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10681-vitality-3,10681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10681-LEI-3,10681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10681-vitality-3,10681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10682-context-1,10682,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,Most younger men also use Tok Pisin [tpi].,bib69,no -10682-location-1,10682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 141.57]]}",,,bib3264,no -10682-location-2,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik [Sandaun] Province: 8 villages in the lowland rainforest.""}",,,bib1460,yes -10682-location-3,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In six villages south of the Kwomtari in the Upper Sepik area of Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3265,no +10682-location-1,10682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8, 141.57]]}",,,bib3280,no +10682-location-2,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik [Sandaun] Province: 8 villages in the lowland rainforest.""}",,,bib1472,yes +10682-location-3,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In six villages south of the Kwomtari in the Upper Sepik area of Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3281,no 10682-location-4,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, west of Namia. 6 villages. Kwomtari [kwo] language area is north; Abau [aau] is south; Busa [bhf] is southwest; Biaka [bio] is west; Anggor [agg] and Amanab [amn] are northwest.""}",,,bib69,no -10682-location-5,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Dila, Hila, Karboni, Marakwini, Nagatman, Tera, Tila, and Weitera.""}",,,bib4545,no -10682-speaker_number-1,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1460,yes -10682-speakers-1,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1460,yes -10682-speaker_number-2,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,no -10682-speakers-2,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,no +10682-location-5,10682,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""8 villages: Dila, Hila, Karboni, Marakwini, Nagatman, Tera, Tila, and Weitera.""}",,,bib4566,no +10682-speaker_number-1,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1472,yes +10682-speakers-1,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1472,yes +10682-speaker_number-2,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,no +10682-speakers-2,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,no 10682-speaker_number-3,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1991 SIL). 30 monolinguals.,bib69,no 10682-speakers-3,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1991 SIL). 30 monolinguals.,bib69,no -10682-speaker_number-4,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -10682-speakers-4,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -10682-LEI-1,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1460,yes -10682-vitality-1,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1460,yes -10682-LEI-2,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -10682-vitality-2,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no +10682-speaker_number-4,10682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +10682-speakers-4,10682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +10682-LEI-1,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1472,yes +10682-vitality-1,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1472,yes +10682-LEI-2,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +10682-vitality-2,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no 10682-LEI-3,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10682-vitality-3,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10682-LEI-4,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10682-vitality-4,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10682-LEI-4,10682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10682-vitality-4,10682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10683-context-1,10683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amto [amt], Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10683-location-1,10683,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.05, 141.42]]}",,,bib3264,no +10683-location-1,10683,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.05, 141.42]]}",,,bib3280,no 10683-location-2,10683,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, south of Sepik river, between Amto and Ama. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -10683-location-3,10683,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seiawi (Siapri, Popru) village""}",,,bib4545,yes +10683-location-3,10683,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seiawi (Siapri, Popru) village""}",,,bib4566,yes 10683-speaker_number-1,10683,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2007 NTM),bib69,no 10683-speakers-1,10683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2007 NTM),bib69,no -10683-speaker_number-2,10683,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,yes -10683-speakers-2,10683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,yes +10683-speaker_number-2,10683,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,yes +10683-speakers-2,10683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,yes 10683-LEI-1,10683,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10683-vitality-1,10683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10683-LEI-2,10683,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10683-vitality-2,10683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10683-LEI-2,10683,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10683-vitality-2,10683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10684-context-1,10684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Enga [enq], Haruai [tmd], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10684-context-2,10684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Enga [enq], Haruai [tmd], Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Pinai-Hagahai ultimately holds the most prestige among the people.""}",,Knowledge of Tok Pisin is increasing while Enga is on the decline.,bib5110,yes -10684-location-1,10684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 144.14]]}",,,bib3264,no +10684-context-2,10684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Enga [enq], Haruai [tmd], Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Pinai-Hagahai ultimately holds the most prestige among the people.""}",,Knowledge of Tok Pisin is increasing while Enga is on the decline.,bib5132,yes +10684-location-1,10684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 144.14]]}",,,bib3280,no 10684-location-2,10684,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Enga, Madang, Western Highlands and East Sepik provinces border area.""}",,,bib69,no -10684-location-3,10684,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Pinai-Hagahai language group is located in an area along both sides of the Yuat River in the Enga and Madang Provinces. The area stretches approximately ten kilometers south and ten kilometers north of the Yuat. It has the Lai River and Aram e River as its eastern border and the area of the East Sepik provincial boundary as its western border.""}",,"The most significant population centers are Megamanau, Ilu, and Mamusi.",bib5110,yes -10684-location-4,10684,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Aramaue\"" is spoken \""'on the boundary' between the Western Highlands and the East Sepik District\""; \""Pinai\"" is spoken \""in the Upper Yuat gorge, to the north of the river\""; \""Erem\"" is spoken in a village of the same name \""on the Upper Yuat river.""}",,"Pella village may speak ""Aramaue"".",bib4545,no +10684-location-3,10684,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Pinai-Hagahai language group is located in an area along both sides of the Yuat River in the Enga and Madang Provinces. The area stretches approximately ten kilometers south and ten kilometers north of the Yuat. It has the Lai River and Aram e River as its eastern border and the area of the East Sepik provincial boundary as its western border.""}",,"The most significant population centers are Megamanau, Ilu, and Mamusi.",bib5132,yes +10684-location-4,10684,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Aramaue\"" is spoken \""'on the boundary' between the Western Highlands and the East Sepik District\""; \""Pinai\"" is spoken \""in the Upper Yuat gorge, to the north of the river\""; \""Erem\"" is spoken in a village of the same name \""on the Upper Yuat river.""}",,"Pella village may speak ""Aramaue"".",bib4566,no 10684-speaker_number-1,10684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10684-speakers-1,10684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10684-speaker_number-2,10684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5110,yes -10684-speakers-2,10684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5110,yes -10684-speaker_number-3,10684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Aramaue"" is listed as having 83 speakers; ""Pinai"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers; ""Erem"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers.",bib4545,no -10684-speakers-3,10684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">83?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Aramaue"" is listed as having 83 speakers; ""Pinai"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers; ""Erem"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers.",bib4545,no +10684-speaker_number-2,10684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5132,yes +10684-speakers-2,10684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5132,yes +10684-speaker_number-3,10684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Aramaue"" is listed as having 83 speakers; ""Pinai"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers; ""Erem"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers.",bib4566,no +10684-speakers-3,10684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">83?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Aramaue"" is listed as having 83 speakers; ""Pinai"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers; ""Erem"" is listed as having an unknown number of speakers.",bib4566,no 10684-LEI-1,10684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10684-vitality-1,10684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10684-LEI-2,10684,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5110,yes -10684-transmission-2,10684,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5110,yes -10684-vitality-2,10684,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5110,yes -10684-LEI-3,10684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -10684-vitality-3,10684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +10684-LEI-2,10684,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5132,yes +10684-transmission-2,10684,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5132,yes +10684-vitality-2,10684,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5132,yes +10684-LEI-3,10684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +10684-vitality-3,10684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 10685-context-1,10685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kobon [kpw], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -10685-location-1,10685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1, 144.34]]}",,,bib3264,no +10685-location-1,10685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1, 144.34]]}",,,bib3280,no 10685-location-2,10685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province southwest, southwest Mid-Ramu district, west Schrader range, west of the Kobon [kpw] language area.""}",,,bib69,no -10685-location-3,10685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province: southwest corner, in the Schrader Ranges""}",,,bib1777,yes -10685-location-4,10685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Sanggapi valley, in the Schrader Ranger [sic], northwest of the Kaironk Valley.""}",,,bib4545,no +10685-location-3,10685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province: southwest corner, in the Schrader Ranges""}",,,bib1789,yes +10685-location-4,10685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Sanggapi valley, in the Schrader Ranger [sic], northwest of the Kaironk Valley.""}",,,bib4566,no 10685-speaker_number-1,10685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2000 SIL). Many monolinguals.,bib69,no 10685-speakers-1,10685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2000 SIL). Many monolinguals.,bib69,no -10685-speaker_number-2,10685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The Haruai language is spoken by about 100 people,bib1777,yes -10685-speakers-2,10685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The Haruai language is spoken by about 100 people,bib1777,yes -10685-speakers-3,10685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,,bib4545,no +10685-speaker_number-2,10685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The Haruai language is spoken by about 100 people,bib1789,yes +10685-speakers-2,10685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The Haruai language is spoken by about 100 people,bib1789,yes +10685-speakers-3,10685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,,bib4566,no 10685-LEI-1,10685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10685-vitality-1,10685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10685-LEI-2,10685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1777,yes -10685-vitality-2,10685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1777,yes -10686-location-1,10686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.91, 139.93]]}",,,bib3264,no +10685-LEI-2,10685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1789,yes +10685-vitality-2,10685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1789,yes +10686-location-1,10686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.91, 139.93]]}",,,bib3280,no 10686-location-2,10686,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayawijaya regency, Kurima subdistrict, Siradala, and Burungmakok villages. In lowlands south of the main ranges; headwaters area, several tributaries of upper Sirac river.""}",,,bib69,yes 10686-speaker_number-1,10686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2002 SIL). 400 monolinguals.,bib69,yes 10686-speakers-1,10686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2002 SIL). 400 monolinguals.,bib69,yes 10686-LEI-1,10686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10686-vitality-1,10686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10687-location-1,10687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.11, 140.82]]}",,,bib3264,no +10687-location-1,10687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.11, 140.82]]}",,,bib3280,no 10687-location-2,10687,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Iwur river valley border area, Ok Iwur, east to Ok Denom. Dintere dialect: 22 villages; Dinmane dialect: Dewok; Upper Dintere dialect: Aurarin hamlet.""}",,,bib69,no -10687-location-3,10687,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province""}",,,bib7641,yes +10687-location-3,10687,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province""}",,,bib7666,yes 10687-speaker_number-1,10687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2011 J. Elliot),bib69,no 10687-speakers-1,10687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2011 J. Elliot),bib69,no -10687-speaker_number-2,10687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,yes -10687-speakers-2,10687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,yes +10687-speaker_number-2,10687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,yes +10687-speakers-2,10687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,yes 10687-LEI-1,10687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10687-vitality-1,10687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10687-LEI-2,10687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -10687-vitality-2,10687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes -10688-location-1,10688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.55, 140.84]]}",,,bib3264,no +10687-LEI-2,10687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +10687-vitality-2,10687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes +10688-location-1,10688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.55, 140.84]]}",,,bib3280,no 10688-location-2,10688,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, south coast border area, north of South Muyu [kts] and east of Wambon [wms] language areas.""}",,,bib69,no -10688-location-3,10688,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Yiptem, Kanggim, Kawangtet, Onokbitan, Yeteram, Ketetput, Metemko, Ninati, Kunam, Kimki, Yibi, Tembutkim, Konontetput, Anggutbin, Komera, Mokpit, Mangkubun, Tawanokpit, TOme, Warumgi, Tumutu, Wamko, Arimko, and Kopko villages.""}",,,bib7641,yes +10688-location-3,10688,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Yiptem, Kanggim, Kawangtet, Onokbitan, Yeteram, Ketetput, Metemko, Ninati, Kunam, Kimki, Yibi, Tembutkim, Konontetput, Anggutbin, Komera, Mokpit, Mangkubun, Tawanokpit, TOme, Warumgi, Tumutu, Wamko, Arimko, and Kopko villages.""}",,,bib7666,yes 10688-speaker_number-1,10688,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10688-speakers-1,10688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10688-speaker_number-2,10688,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,yes -10688-speakers-2,10688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,yes +10688-speaker_number-2,10688,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,yes +10688-speakers-2,10688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,yes 10688-LEI-1,10688,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10688-vitality-1,10688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10688-LEI-2,10688,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -10688-vitality-2,10688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes -10689-location-1,10689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.01, 140.81]]}",,,bib3264,no +10688-LEI-2,10688,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +10688-vitality-2,10688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes +10689-location-1,10689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.01, 140.81]]}",,,bib3280,no 10689-location-2,10689,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, south coast, just north of Fly river border with Papua New Guinea.""}",,,bib69,no -10689-location-3,10689,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Toge, Amburan, Anggamburan, Imko, Jomkondo, Kanggup, Metomka, Amupdipun, Mindiptana, Kukuna, Wambiran, Woman, Tinimbit, Mokbiran, Jumka, Yetemot, Namas, Jononggo, Wombaki?, Kanggewot?, Yabiman?, Mana?, Upecetko?, Amupkim?, Woropko?, Katanam?, Amten?, Amkomkit?, Katumbon?, and Walikubun? villages.""}",,,bib7641,yes +10689-location-3,10689,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Toge, Amburan, Anggamburan, Imko, Jomkondo, Kanggup, Metomka, Amupdipun, Mindiptana, Kukuna, Wambiran, Woman, Tinimbit, Mokbiran, Jumka, Yetemot, Namas, Jononggo, Wombaki?, Kanggewot?, Yabiman?, Mana?, Upecetko?, Amupkim?, Woropko?, Katanam?, Amten?, Amkomkit?, Katumbon?, and Walikubun? villages.""}",,,bib7666,yes 10689-speaker_number-1,10689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10689-speakers-1,10689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10689-speaker_number-2,10689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,yes -10689-speakers-2,10689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,yes +10689-speaker_number-2,10689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,yes +10689-speakers-2,10689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,yes 10689-LEI-1,10689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10689-vitality-1,10689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10689-LEI-2,10689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -10689-vitality-2,10689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes +10689-LEI-2,10689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +10689-vitality-2,10689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes 10690-context-1,10690,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Hiri Motu [hmo], Tok Pisin [tpi], Faiwol [fai], Telefol [tlf], Yongkom [yon]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10690-location-1,10690,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Indonesia: Papua province, unknown villages. In Papua New Guinea: Ninggirum proper is spoken in Garandimok, Tamaro, Tikam, Wombon, BIkim, Tengkim, Minipon, Hukim, Tiongtau, Bwakim, Tarakbits, Detau, Bankim, Wogman, Wuwungo, Kwakwi, Iongtau, Twinkwi, Kolebon, Bumbin, Ogun, and Butipkawok villages; Kasuwa dialect is spoken in Irimkwi, Savakbon, Ambare, Deikwi, Sawanam, Kaiumguin, Tundenghiatkwi, Kumguit, Derongo, Bankim No. 1, Duombonkim, Mongolavuram, Wurimkawatgo, Haidauwogam, Ogun, and Butipkawok villages; Daupka dialect is spoken in Boliwogam, Oktidetau, and Nioksikwi villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.43, 141.16]]}",,,bib3264,no +10690-location-1,10690,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Indonesia: Papua province, unknown villages. In Papua New Guinea: Ninggirum proper is spoken in Garandimok, Tamaro, Tikam, Wombon, BIkim, Tengkim, Minipon, Hukim, Tiongtau, Bwakim, Tarakbits, Detau, Bankim, Wogman, Wuwungo, Kwakwi, Iongtau, Twinkwi, Kolebon, Bumbin, Ogun, and Butipkawok villages; Kasuwa dialect is spoken in Irimkwi, Savakbon, Ambare, Deikwi, Sawanam, Kaiumguin, Tundenghiatkwi, Kumguit, Derongo, Bankim No. 1, Duombonkim, Mongolavuram, Wurimkawatgo, Haidauwogam, Ogun, and Butipkawok villages; Daupka dialect is spoken in Boliwogam, Oktidetau, and Nioksikwi villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.43, 141.16]]}",,,bib3280,no 10690-location-2,10690,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""In Papua New Guinea: \""Western Province between Ok Birim and Ok Tedi rivers, east of Ok Tedi to main road linking Kiunga and Tabubil, and north to the main mountain range.\"" In Indonesia: \""Papua Province, border area.\""""}",,,bib69,no 10690-speaker_number-1,10690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,150 in Papua New Guinea (2000 census). 2,060 monolinguals; 1,000 in Indonesia.",bib69,no 10690-speakers-1,10690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,150 in Papua New Guinea (2000 census). 2,060 monolinguals; 1,000 in Indonesia.",bib69,no -10690-speaker_number-2,10690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,yes -10690-speakers-2,10690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,yes +10690-speaker_number-2,10690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,yes +10690-speakers-2,10690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,yes 10690-LEI-1,10690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10690-vitality-1,10690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10690-LEI-2,10690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -10690-vitality-2,10690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes -10691-location-1,10691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.43, 141.21]]}",,,bib3264,no +10690-LEI-2,10690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +10690-vitality-2,10690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes +10691-location-1,10691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.43, 141.21]]}",,,bib3280,no 10691-location-2,10691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province along Fly and Tedi (Alice) rivers and toward Lake Murray.""}",,,bib69,no -10691-location-3,10691,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Indonesia: Papua Province, unknown villages. In Papua New Guinea; Western Province: Kungim, Opka, Garandimok, Kungembit, Birimkamba, Ambaga 2, Kundubiran, Marapka, Timin, Kweman, Ot, Atkamba, Aran, Kokonda, Kawok, Erekta, Nago, and Buseki.""}",,The list is probably not complete.,bib7641,no -10691-location-4,10691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province: \""Major villages: Ambaga, Atkamba, Buseki, Dome, Erekta, Karemgu, Kawok, Komokpin, Kungim, Membok, Moian, Nago, Yeran, Yogi, Yulawas\""""}",,,bib1707,yes +10691-location-3,10691,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Indonesia: Papua Province, unknown villages. In Papua New Guinea; Western Province: Kungim, Opka, Garandimok, Kungembit, Birimkamba, Ambaga 2, Kundubiran, Marapka, Timin, Kweman, Ot, Atkamba, Aran, Kokonda, Kawok, Erekta, Nago, and Buseki.""}",,The list is probably not complete.,bib7666,no +10691-location-4,10691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province: \""Major villages: Ambaga, Atkamba, Buseki, Dome, Erekta, Karemgu, Kawok, Komokpin, Kungim, Membok, Moian, Nago, Yeran, Yogi, Yulawas\""""}",,,bib1719,yes 10691-speaker_number-1,10691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1999 SIL),bib69,no 10691-speakers-1,10691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1999 SIL),bib69,no -10691-speaker_number-2,10691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,no -10691-speakers-2,10691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,no -10691-speaker_number-3,10691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"approximately 1,500 in West Papua",bib1707,yes -10691-speakers-3,10691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"approximately 1,500 in West Papua",bib1707,yes +10691-speaker_number-2,10691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,no +10691-speakers-2,10691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,no +10691-speaker_number-3,10691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"approximately 1,500 in West Papua",bib1719,yes +10691-speakers-3,10691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"approximately 1,500 in West Papua",bib1719,yes 10691-LEI-1,10691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10691-vitality-1,10691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10691-LEI-2,10691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,no -10691-vitality-2,10691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,no -10691-LEI-3,10691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1707,yes -10691-vitality-3,10691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1707,yes +10691-LEI-2,10691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,no +10691-vitality-2,10691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,no +10691-LEI-3,10691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1719,yes +10691-vitality-3,10691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1719,yes 10692-context-1,10692,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,"Tok Pisin is growing in popularity, though there are still a significant number of people, of both sexes and all age groups, who cannot speak Pisin",bib41,yes -10692-location-1,10692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.39, 142.04]]}",,,bib3264,no +10692-location-1,10692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.39, 142.04]]}",,,bib3280,no 10692-location-2,10692,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, large area west of Strickland river; Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, Oksapmin RLLG; small border area, Southern Highlands Province, south of Umanapi.""}",,,bib69,no 10692-location-3,10692,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Bimin language area transverses the borders of Sandaun and Western Province. It is situated in the extreme south easterly section of Sandaun Province and the eastern corner of the northwest extension of Western Province.""}",,The main village of the Bim Weng dialect is Akalu; the main village of the Nimtew Weng dialect is Sengen.,bib41,yes 10692-speaker_number-1,10692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2003 SIL),bib69,no @@ -3725,135 +3725,135 @@ The exposure to Brazilian culture that Paresi have experienced within the last g 10692-LEI-2,10692,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib41,yes 10692-transmission-2,10692,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib41,yes 10692-vitality-2,10692,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib41,yes -10693-location-1,10693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province: \""Major villages: Imigabip, Golgabip, Bolangkon, Loubip, Mikalsimbip\""""}",,,bib5073,yes -10693-location-2,10693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5, 141.66]]}",,,bib3264,no +10693-location-1,10693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province: \""Major villages: Imigabip, Golgabip, Bolangkon, Loubip, Mikalsimbip\""""}",,,bib5095,yes +10693-location-2,10693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5, 141.66]]}",,,bib3280,no 10693-location-3,10693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, Tabubil district, Fly and Palmer rivers\u2019 headwaters; Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, Yapsie RLLG.""}",,,bib69,no -10693-speaker_number-1,10693,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5073,yes -10693-speakers-1,10693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5073,yes +10693-speaker_number-1,10693,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5095,yes +10693-speakers-1,10693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5095,yes 10693-speaker_number-2,10693,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10693-speakers-2,10693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10693-LEI-1,10693,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5073,yes -10693-vitality-1,10693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5073,yes +10693-LEI-1,10693,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5095,yes +10693-vitality-1,10693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5095,yes 10693-LEI-2,10693,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10693-vitality-2,10693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10694-location-1,10694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.09, 141.54]]}",,,bib3264,no +10694-location-1,10694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.09, 141.54]]}",,,bib3280,no 10694-location-2,10694,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, southern headwaters, Sepik river; Western Province, North Fly district, Olsobip RLLG, Dumidubi area.""}",,,bib69,yes 10694-speaker_number-1,10694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2003 SIL),bib69,yes 10694-speakers-1,10694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2003 SIL),bib69,yes 10694-LEI-1,10694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10694-vitality-1,10694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 10695-context-1,10695,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""ndonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]""}",,,bib69,no -10695-context-2,10695,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,"The people reported that they used Nakai for all domestic uses, and although they said they use Indonesian for church, they also said they do not have a church. This is perhaps what they think would be spoken if they did have services.",bib3679,yes -10695-location-1,10695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.19, 140.51]]}",,,bib3264,no +10695-context-2,10695,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,"The people reported that they used Nakai for all domestic uses, and although they said they use Indonesian for church, they also said they do not have a church. This is perhaps what they think would be spoken if they did have services.",bib3698,yes +10695-location-1,10695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.19, 140.51]]}",,,bib3280,no 10695-location-2,10695,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, east of upper Digul river, Awimbom village in the center of 5 other villages extending toward Ok Sibil northeast, and southwest toward Iwur [iwo].""}",,,bib69,no 10695-location-3,10695,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The upper Digul River area in Merauke Regency, in southern Papua Province: Burunggop village""}",,"Two conflicting lists are also given of other villages that speak Nakai: 1) Kurlopka, Anipka, Oropa, Aitawop, and -Kumeka; 2) Tarkop (Awinbon?), Kawor, Mirop, and Migir.",bib3679,yes +Kumeka; 2) Tarkop (Awinbon?), Kawor, Mirop, and Migir.",bib3698,yes 10695-speaker_number-1,10695,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1999 M. Donohue),bib69,no 10695-speakers-1,10695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1999 M. Donohue),bib69,no -10695-speaker_number-2,10695,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Burunggop village was reported to have 306 inhabitants; there are, however, other (smaller?) villages that speak this language as well.",bib3679,yes -10695-speakers-2,10695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Burunggop village was reported to have 306 inhabitants; there are, however, other (smaller?) villages that speak this language as well.",bib3679,yes +10695-speaker_number-2,10695,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Burunggop village was reported to have 306 inhabitants; there are, however, other (smaller?) villages that speak this language as well.",bib3698,yes +10695-speakers-2,10695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Burunggop village was reported to have 306 inhabitants; there are, however, other (smaller?) villages that speak this language as well.",bib3698,yes 10695-LEI-1,10695,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10695-vitality-1,10695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10695-LEI-2,10695,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3679,yes -10695-domains_of_use-2,10695,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3679,yes -10695-vitality-2,10695,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3679,yes -10696-location-1,10696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.68, 141.03]]}",,,bib3264,no +10695-LEI-2,10695,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3698,yes +10695-domains_of_use-2,10695,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3698,yes +10695-vitality-2,10695,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3698,yes +10696-location-1,10696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.68, 141.03]]}",,,bib3280,no 10696-location-2,10696,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Indonesia: \""Papua Province, northeast of Nakai [nkj] language area, Ok Sibil, Ok Tsop, and perhaps Ok Bon valleys, main range border area north of Muyu [kts] (Yongkom) and Morop [iwo] language areas.\"" In Papua New Guinea: \""Sandaun Province.\""""}",,,bib69,yes -10696-location-3,10696,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Ngalum dialect is spoken in the Nanggul River valley; Sibil dialect is spoken in the Ok Sibil Valley; Apmisibil dialect is spoken near the Apmisibil Mission station.""}",,,bib7641,no +10696-location-3,10696,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Ngalum dialect is spoken in the Nanggul River valley; Sibil dialect is spoken in the Ok Sibil Valley; Apmisibil dialect is spoken near the Apmisibil Mission station.""}",,,bib7666,no 10696-speaker_number-1,10696,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 in Indonesia (1987 SIL); 8,000 in Papua New Guinea (1981).",bib69,yes 10696-speakers-1,10696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981, 1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 in Indonesia (1987 SIL); 8,000 in Papua New Guinea (1981).",bib69,yes -10696-speakers-2,10696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib7641,no +10696-speakers-2,10696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib7666,no 10696-LEI-1,10696,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10696-vitality-1,10696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10697-location-1,10697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.69, 144.78]]}",,,bib3264,no +10697-location-1,10697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.69, 144.78]]}",,,bib3280,no 10697-location-2,10697,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib69,no -10697-location-3,10697,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Askunka and Kominimung villages""}",,,bib8013,yes +10697-location-3,10697,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Askunka and Kominimung villages""}",,,bib8038,yes 10697-speakers-1,10697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10697-speaker_number-2,10697,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8013,yes -10697-speakers-2,10697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8013,yes -10697-LEI-1,10697,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8013,yes -10697-vitality-1,10697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8013,yes +10697-speaker_number-2,10697,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8038,yes +10697-speakers-2,10697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8038,yes +10697-LEI-1,10697,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8038,yes +10697-vitality-1,10697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8038,yes 10698-context-1,10698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,Men also use Tok Pisin [tpi].,bib69,yes -10698-location-1,10698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.96, 142.41]]}",,,bib3264,no +10698-location-1,10698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.96, 142.41]]}",,,bib3280,no 10698-location-2,10698,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province southeast corner, Wan Wan division. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes 10698-speaker_number-1,10698,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,yes 10698-speakers-1,10698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,yes 10698-LEI-1,10698,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 10698-vitality-1,10698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -10699-location-1,10699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.53, 142.33]]}",,,bib3264,no +10699-location-1,10699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.53, 142.33]]}",,,bib3280,no 10699-location-2,10699,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -10699-location-3,10699,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Munumbual, Sabig, and Simbap villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +10699-location-3,10699,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Munumbual, Sabig, and Simbap villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 10699-speaker_number-1,10699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 10699-speakers-1,10699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10699-speaker_number-2,10699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -10699-speakers-2,10699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""484"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +10699-speaker_number-2,10699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +10699-speakers-2,10699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""484"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 10699-LEI-1,10699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10699-vitality-1,10699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10699-LEI-2,10699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -10699-vitality-2,10699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +10699-LEI-2,10699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +10699-vitality-2,10699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 10700-context-1,10700,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -10700-location-1,10700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.74, 140.9]]}",,,bib3264,no +10700-location-1,10700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.74, 140.9]]}",,,bib3280,no 10700-location-2,10700,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province. Border area south of Jayapura city.""}",,,bib69,no -10700-location-3,10700,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""20 villages: Ubrub, Yuruf, Mofon, Amurwi, Wandabrub, Iriabu, Tokop, Yarfi, Yambrab, Wunbrab, Ubrab, Wembinembu, Eniarep, Andobrub, Ondabrub, Fanembu, Ininggambu, Sinabrab, Mokobi, and Ji-Fangri.""}",,,bib7641,yes +10700-location-3,10700,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""20 villages: Ubrub, Yuruf, Mofon, Amurwi, Wandabrub, Iriabu, Tokop, Yarfi, Yambrab, Wunbrab, Ubrab, Wembinembu, Eniarep, Andobrub, Ondabrub, Fanembu, Ininggambu, Sinabrab, Mokobi, and Ji-Fangri.""}",,,bib7666,yes 10700-speaker_number-1,10700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 10700-speakers-1,10700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -10700-speaker_number-2,10700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7641,yes -10700-speakers-2,10700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7641,yes +10700-speaker_number-2,10700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7666,yes +10700-speakers-2,10700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7666,yes 10700-LEI-1,10700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 10700-vitality-1,10700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -10700-LEI-2,10700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -10700-vitality-2,10700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes -10705-context-1,10705,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English, Mato, Timbe, Pano, K\u00e2te"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Literacy books, partial Bible""}",,"Tok Pisin is spoken by virtually all men, but there are many women, especially among the older generation, who do not speak or understand it. Young children do not know Tok Pisin until they begin attending school. All members of the younger generation who have attended school know Tok Pisin well.",bib7225,yes -10705-location-1,10705,location,"{""Places"": [""Morobe province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""in the valleys of the Kerame, Sari, and lower Timbe rivers, in Kabwum District on the north side of the Saruwaged Mountains of northern Morobe Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.007053, 146.980984], [-6.011041, 146.904643], [-6.108637, 146.982552]]}",,,bib7225,yes -10705-speaker_number-1,10705,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7225,yes -10705-speakers-1,10705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7225,yes -10705-LEI-1,10705,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7225,yes -10705-transmission-1,10705,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7225,yes -10705-domains_of_use-1,10705,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7225,yes -10705-vitality-1,10705,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7225,yes -10708-context-1,10708,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Nisu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Sadu is used at home and within the community. Everyone can speak SW Mandarin due to schooling and socio-economic pressures. SW Mandarin is used in marketplaces and with non-community members. Nisu is used when speaking to the Yi group.,bib659,yes -10708-location-1,10708,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""3 villages in Yuxi \u7389\u6eaa City, Yunnan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.083, 102.1732]]}",,紅塔區北城鎮椒園村、春和鎮新村、大水塘村,bib659,yes -10708-speaker_number-1,10708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib659,yes -10708-speakers-1,10708,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1505"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib659,yes +10700-LEI-2,10700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +10700-vitality-2,10700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes +10705-context-1,10705,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English, Mato, Timbe, Pano, K\u00e2te"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Literacy books, partial Bible""}",,"Tok Pisin is spoken by virtually all men, but there are many women, especially among the older generation, who do not speak or understand it. Young children do not know Tok Pisin until they begin attending school. All members of the younger generation who have attended school know Tok Pisin well.",bib7249,yes +10705-location-1,10705,location,"{""Places"": [""Morobe province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""in the valleys of the Kerame, Sari, and lower Timbe rivers, in Kabwum District on the north side of the Saruwaged Mountains of northern Morobe Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.007053, 146.980984], [-6.011041, 146.904643], [-6.108637, 146.982552]]}",,,bib7249,yes +10705-speaker_number-1,10705,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7249,yes +10705-speakers-1,10705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7249,yes +10705-LEI-1,10705,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7249,yes +10705-transmission-1,10705,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7249,yes +10705-domains_of_use-1,10705,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7249,yes +10705-vitality-1,10705,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Nukna is used extensively in everyday life, including in the home, in social situations, at village gatherings, during interaction with other Nukna villages, and in any cultural event, such as feasts, marriage arrangements, funeral rites, etc. Nukna remains a vital language and at present shows no signs of decline.",bib7249,yes +10708-context-1,10708,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Nisu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Sadu is used at home and within the community. Everyone can speak SW Mandarin due to schooling and socio-economic pressures. SW Mandarin is used in marketplaces and with non-community members. Nisu is used when speaking to the Yi group.,bib663,yes +10708-location-1,10708,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""3 villages in Yuxi \u7389\u6eaa City, Yunnan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.083, 102.1732]]}",,紅塔區北城鎮椒園村、春和鎮新村、大水塘村,bib663,yes +10708-speaker_number-1,10708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib663,yes +10708-speakers-1,10708,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1505"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib663,yes 10708-LEI-1,10708,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Those who are above 26 can all speak Sadu, but this language is generally not passed down to the next generation. Speaker number trend: above age 26: 100% age 16-25: 45.1% age 6-15: 23.4% -age 3-5: 5.9%",bib659,yes +age 3-5: 5.9%",bib663,yes 10708-transmission-1,10708,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Those who are above 26 can all speak Sadu, but this language is generally not passed down to the next generation. Speaker number trend: above age 26: 100% age 16-25: 45.1% age 6-15: 23.4% -age 3-5: 5.9%",bib659,yes +age 3-5: 5.9%",bib663,yes 10708-domains_of_use-1,10708,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Those who are above 26 can all speak Sadu, but this language is generally not passed down to the next generation. Speaker number trend: above age 26: 100% age 16-25: 45.1% age 6-15: 23.4% -age 3-5: 5.9%",bib659,yes +age 3-5: 5.9%",bib663,yes 10708-speaker_number_trends-1,10708,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Those who are above 26 can all speak Sadu, but this language is generally not passed down to the next generation. Speaker number trend: above age 26: 100% age 16-25: 45.1% age 6-15: 23.4% -age 3-5: 5.9%",bib659,yes +age 3-5: 5.9%",bib663,yes 10708-vitality-1,10708,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Those who are above 26 can all speak Sadu, but this language is generally not passed down to the next generation. Speaker number trend: above age 26: 100% age 16-25: 45.1% age 6-15: 23.4% -age 3-5: 5.9%",bib659,yes -10709-context-1,10709,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Dai; Yao/Mien; Akha"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,They only speak Cosao among themselves. Exogamy is very common due to the low population number of the Cosao.,bib658,yes -10709-location-1,10709,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern part of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, and the neighboring Ph\u00f4ngsali (\u0e9c\u0ebb\u0ec9\u0e87\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb5) Province in Laos"", ""Coordinates"": [[21.4515, 102.1121]]}",,"There is only one Cosao speaking village in China, located in 中國雲南省西雙版納傣族自治州勐臘縣勐伴鎮勐伴村委會曼岡村",bib658,yes -10709-speaker_number-1,10709,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"~400 in Laos (as of 2014), and 149 in China (as of 2013)",bib658,yes -10709-speakers-1,10709,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"~400 in Laos (as of 2014), and 149 in China (as of 2013)",bib658,yes +age 3-5: 5.9%",bib663,yes +10709-context-1,10709,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Dai; Yao/Mien; Akha"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,They only speak Cosao among themselves. Exogamy is very common due to the low population number of the Cosao.,bib662,yes +10709-location-1,10709,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern part of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, and the neighboring Ph\u00f4ngsali (\u0e9c\u0ebb\u0ec9\u0e87\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb5) Province in Laos"", ""Coordinates"": [[21.4515, 102.1121]]}",,"There is only one Cosao speaking village in China, located in 中國雲南省西雙版納傣族自治州勐臘縣勐伴鎮勐伴村委會曼岡村",bib662,yes +10709-speaker_number-1,10709,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"~400 in Laos (as of 2014), and 149 in China (as of 2013)",bib662,yes +10709-speakers-1,10709,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"~400 in Laos (as of 2014), and 149 in China (as of 2013)",bib662,yes 10709-LEI-1,10709,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"66 fluent speakers in China. No vitality info are available on those living in Laos. The percentage of people who CANNOT speak Cosao: @@ -3861,7 +3861,7 @@ age 0-5: 100% age 6-15: 26.3% age 16-25: 4.7％ age 26-50: 5% -age 51 and above: 0%",bib658,yes +age 51 and above: 0%",bib662,yes 10709-transmission-1,10709,transmission,2,transmission-2,"66 fluent speakers in China. No vitality info are available on those living in Laos. The percentage of people who CANNOT speak Cosao: @@ -3869,7 +3869,7 @@ age 0-5: 100% age 6-15: 26.3% age 16-25: 4.7％ age 26-50: 5% -age 51 and above: 0%",bib658,yes +age 51 and above: 0%",bib662,yes 10709-speaker_number_trends-1,10709,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"66 fluent speakers in China. No vitality info are available on those living in Laos. The percentage of people who CANNOT speak Cosao: @@ -3877,7 +3877,7 @@ age 0-5: 100% age 6-15: 26.3% age 16-25: 4.7％ age 26-50: 5% -age 51 and above: 0%",bib658,yes +age 51 and above: 0%",bib662,yes 10709-vitality-1,10709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"66 fluent speakers in China. No vitality info are available on those living in Laos. The percentage of people who CANNOT speak Cosao: @@ -3885,21 +3885,21 @@ age 0-5: 100% age 6-15: 26.3% age 16-25: 4.7％ age 26-50: 5% -age 51 and above: 0%",bib658,yes +age 51 and above: 0%",bib662,yes 10715-location-1,10715,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken on North Andaman, but all speakers were forcibly relocated first to a reservation on Bluff Island in 1949, and then to Port Blair in 1969."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.270513, 92.837538]]}",,,bib256,yes 10715-LEI-1,10715,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib256,yes 10715-vitality-1,10715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib256,yes 10716-location-1,10716,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken on North Andaman, but all speakers were forcibly relocated first to a reservation on Bluff Island in 1949, and then to Port Blair in 1969."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.390518, 93.040969]]}",,,bib256,yes 10716-LEI-1,10716,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib256,yes 10716-vitality-1,10716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib256,yes -10717-context-1,10717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Japanese (elders)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""[I]n 2006, inhabitants of Hanhsi village petitioned and succeeded in getting Yilan Creole on the test. As a result, their language variety was named Hanhsi Atayal and classified as a dialect of the Atayal language. But due to strong opposition from people who speak traditional Atayal, the government has decided to exclude Hanhsi Atayal starting in 2011."" (p.351)",bib1681,yes -10717-location-1,10717,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""4 villages of Yilan \u5b9c\u862d County: Tungyueh \u6771\u5cb3 village, Chinyang \u91d1\u6d0b village, Aohua \u6fb3\u82b1 village, and Hanhsi \u5bd2\u6eaa village."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.61, 121.687], [24.559, 121.8], [24.417, 121.559], [24.362, 121.731]]}",,,bib1681,yes -10717-speaker_number-1,10717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Taiwan was colonized by Japan from 1895-1945. In order to completely control the indigenous people, the government's policy was to move residents from the heart of the mountains to the plains... As a consequence of emigration, Atayal and Sediq people from different villages were forced to live together and constitute new communities... The mutually unintelligible groups, Atayal and Sediq, needed a lingua franca for inter-group communication..."" (p.353)",bib1681,yes -10717-speakers-1,10717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3407 (as of 2010)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Taiwan was colonized by Japan from 1895-1945. In order to completely control the indigenous people, the government's policy was to move residents from the heart of the mountains to the plains... As a consequence of emigration, Atayal and Sediq people from different villages were forced to live together and constitute new communities... The mutually unintelligible groups, Atayal and Sediq, needed a lingua franca for inter-group communication..."" (p.353)",bib1681,yes -10717-LEI-1,10717,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1681,yes -10717-transmission-1,10717,transmission,2,transmission-2,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1681,yes -10717-domains_of_use-1,10717,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1681,yes -10717-vitality-1,10717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1681,yes +10717-context-1,10717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Japanese (elders)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""[I]n 2006, inhabitants of Hanhsi village petitioned and succeeded in getting Yilan Creole on the test. As a result, their language variety was named Hanhsi Atayal and classified as a dialect of the Atayal language. But due to strong opposition from people who speak traditional Atayal, the government has decided to exclude Hanhsi Atayal starting in 2011."" (p.351)",bib1693,yes +10717-location-1,10717,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""4 villages of Yilan \u5b9c\u862d County: Tungyueh \u6771\u5cb3 village, Chinyang \u91d1\u6d0b village, Aohua \u6fb3\u82b1 village, and Hanhsi \u5bd2\u6eaa village."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.61, 121.687], [24.559, 121.8], [24.417, 121.559], [24.362, 121.731]]}",,,bib1693,yes +10717-speaker_number-1,10717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Taiwan was colonized by Japan from 1895-1945. In order to completely control the indigenous people, the government's policy was to move residents from the heart of the mountains to the plains... As a consequence of emigration, Atayal and Sediq people from different villages were forced to live together and constitute new communities... The mutually unintelligible groups, Atayal and Sediq, needed a lingua franca for inter-group communication..."" (p.353)",bib1693,yes +10717-speakers-1,10717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3407 (as of 2010)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Taiwan was colonized by Japan from 1895-1945. In order to completely control the indigenous people, the government's policy was to move residents from the heart of the mountains to the plains... As a consequence of emigration, Atayal and Sediq people from different villages were forced to live together and constitute new communities... The mutually unintelligible groups, Atayal and Sediq, needed a lingua franca for inter-group communication..."" (p.353)",bib1693,yes +10717-LEI-1,10717,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1693,yes +10717-transmission-1,10717,transmission,2,transmission-2,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1693,yes +10717-domains_of_use-1,10717,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1693,yes +10717-vitality-1,10717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Those born after 1980s don't speak Yilan Creole.,bib1693,yes 10718-context-1,10718,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay (Semende and Kaur); Standard Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""100%""}",,,bib165,yes 10718-location-1,10718,location,"{""Places"": [""Bengkulu province, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nasal is spoken in three villages in the Kaur regency in Bengkulu province: Tanjung Baru, Tanjung Betuah, Gedung Menung."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.85985, 103.482911], [-4.86845, 103.509652], [-4.864696, 103.507224]]}",,,bib165,yes 10718-speaker_number-1,10718,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib165,yes @@ -3909,217 +3909,217 @@ age 51 and above: 0%",bib658,yes 10718-domains_of_use-1,10718,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The Nasal language community of 3,000 speakers is tiny compared to its neighbors, which include large populations of speakers of Malayic and Lampungic languages, each of which is spoken by more than a million speakers. Fortunately, my own findings from a fieldtrip in November 2014 in conjunction with a recent survey reveals that Nasal is still actively spoken and learned by children in all three Nasal villages. However, the sheer number of speakers, the influx of Malayic speakers into Nasal villages, and the polyglossic nature of the community mean that Nasal is definitely endangered.",bib165,yes 10718-speaker_number_trends-1,10718,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Nasal language community of 3,000 speakers is tiny compared to its neighbors, which include large populations of speakers of Malayic and Lampungic languages, each of which is spoken by more than a million speakers. Fortunately, my own findings from a fieldtrip in November 2014 in conjunction with a recent survey reveals that Nasal is still actively spoken and learned by children in all three Nasal villages. However, the sheer number of speakers, the influx of Malayic speakers into Nasal villages, and the polyglossic nature of the community mean that Nasal is definitely endangered.",bib165,yes 10718-vitality-1,10718,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Nasal language community of 3,000 speakers is tiny compared to its neighbors, which include large populations of speakers of Malayic and Lampungic languages, each of which is spoken by more than a million speakers. Fortunately, my own findings from a fieldtrip in November 2014 in conjunction with a recent survey reveals that Nasal is still actively spoken and learned by children in all three Nasal villages. However, the sheer number of speakers, the influx of Malayic speakers into Nasal villages, and the polyglossic nature of the community mean that Nasal is definitely endangered.",bib165,yes -10720-context-1,10720,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5567,yes -10720-context-2,10720,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Junhua varieties; Hainanese; Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib2774,no -10720-location-1,10720,location,"{""Places"": [""Hainan, China""], ""Description"": ""\u6d77\u5357\u7701\u6771\u65b9\u5e02\u65b0\u9f8d\u93ae\u90a3\u6597\u6751\u3001\u516b\u6240\u93ae\u6708\u6751"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.013, 108.678], [19.022, 108.67]]}",,,bib2774,no -10720-speakers-1,10720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500""}",,,bib5567,yes -10720-speaker_number-2,10720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2774,no -10720-speakers-2,10720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2774,no -10720-LEI-1,10720,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5567,yes -10720-transmission-1,10720,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5567,yes -10720-vitality-1,10720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5567,yes -10720-LEI-2,10720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2774,no -10720-vitality-2,10720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2774,no -10721-location-1,10721,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Before World War I, it was spoken in one or more villages on the east coast of Bougainville. (Rausch 1912)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.225209, 155.573703]]}",,,bib4669,yes -10721-speakers-1,10721,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1975""}",,"Before World War II, Douglas Oliver (then at Harvard) collected a word list of several hundred words in Arawa village. He told me that men, women, & children spoke the language then (1938-9). In 1973, I went to Arawa and located a speaker who knew the language partially. In 1975, I got a letter from that village asking me to send the language back. The writer said his uncle had died before the writer of the letter could learn the language.",bib4669,yes -10721-LEI-1,10721,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4669,yes -10721-vitality-1,10721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4669,yes -10722-context-1,10722,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Persian is the primary means of communication.,bib1133,no -10722-context-2,10722,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1127,yes -10722-location-1,10722,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""central Iran"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.99, 51.4]]}",,"the township of Jowshaqan, Jowshaqan district, Isfahan Province",bib1133,no -10722-location-2,10722,location,"{""Places"": [""central Iran""], ""Description"": ""the township of Jowshaqan, Jowshaqan district, Isfahan Province""}",,,bib1127,yes -10722-speakers-1,10722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"""It would be unrealistic to calculate the number of speakers because the users of the dialects are ever more shrinking to older generations."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-speaker_number-2,10722,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There is circa 400 fluent speakers left.,bib1127,yes -10722-speakers-2,10722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There is circa 400 fluent speakers left.,bib1127,yes -10722-LEI-1,10722,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-transmission-1,10722,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-domains_of_use-1,10722,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-speaker_number_trends-1,10722,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-vitality-1,10722,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1133,no -10722-LEI-2,10722,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1127,yes -10722-transmission-2,10722,transmission,3,transmission-3,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1127,yes -10722-domains_of_use-2,10722,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1127,yes -10722-speaker_number_trends-2,10722,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1127,yes -10722-vitality-2,10722,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1127,yes -10724-context-1,10724,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tehrani Persian""}",,"The speakers' perceived self-worth is not high; many feel no harm in abandoning the inherited dialect in favor of spoken Tehrani Persian, which is regard as having greater prestige and utility. There is, however, one apparent value agreed upon by many speakers, viz., the utilization of their obscure dialect as a secret language outside of the region, especially in the urban centers to which most of the former villagers have moved.",bib1122,yes -10724-location-1,10724,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""the T\u0323arqrud district, Nat\u0323anz Sub-province, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.23, 51.47]]}",,,bib1122,yes -10724-speaker_number-1,10724,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Keša'i owes its survival to its virtual seclusion in the upper end of the mountainous valley to which it belongs, which lay away from the communication routes for many centuries. The communicational isolation, however, has been breached in modern times through introduction of modern education and mass media and, more recently, by construction of roads and massive real estate developments. These effects as well as massive migration of the villagers to urban centers have led to a gradual language shift and marked decrease in speakers of Keša'i.",bib1122,yes -10724-speakers-1,10724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""675 (as of 2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Keša'i owes its survival to its virtual seclusion in the upper end of the mountainous valley to which it belongs, which lay away from the communication routes for many centuries. The communicational isolation, however, has been breached in modern times through introduction of modern education and mass media and, more recently, by construction of roads and massive real estate developments. These effects as well as massive migration of the villagers to urban centers have led to a gradual language shift and marked decrease in speakers of Keša'i.",bib1122,yes -10724-LEI-1,10724,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1122,yes -10724-transmission-1,10724,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1122,yes -10724-domains_of_use-1,10724,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1122,yes -10724-speaker_number_trends-1,10724,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1122,yes -10724-vitality-1,10724,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1122,yes -10725-context-1,10725,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Moluccan Malay, Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib7644,yes -10725-location-1,10725,location,"{""Places"": [""Makian Island, North Maluku Province, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in seven villages on the western half of Makian Island: Sabale (Sebelewi , Sebelei) , Talapao (Talapaun), Tafasoho (Mateketen), Tagono, Ngofabobawa, Bobawa, and Malapa. Also spoken on four is lands in the Kayoa\ngroup south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage , and Gafi."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.3891447, 127.3244647]]}",,,bib7644,yes -10725-speaker_number-1,10725,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""The West Makian language is spoken by an estimated 12,000 people , 7000 of whom live on the western half of Makian Island and the remainder on four islands in the Kayoa group south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage, and Gafi."" This number has likely declined drastically in recent years.",bib7644,yes -10725-speakers-1,10725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""The West Makian language is spoken by an estimated 12,000 people , 7000 of whom live on the western half of Makian Island and the remainder on four islands in the Kayoa group south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage, and Gafi."" This number has likely declined drastically in recent years.",bib7644,yes -10725-LEI-1,10725,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Little is known about current levels of vitality.,bib7644,yes -10725-vitality-1,10725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Little is known about current levels of vitality.,bib7644,yes -10726-location-1,10726,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Farro\u1e35i, a township in the sub-province of \u1e34ur o Bi\u0101b\u0101nak on the edge of the Great Persian Desert"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.47, 55.05]]}",,,bib1118,yes -10726-speaker_number-1,10726,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Notwithstanding Farroḵi’s population that surpasses two thousands, its vernacular is moribund. During the decades of expansion of modern education and media, Farvi has been thinning, and its number of speakers shrinking, to the extent that Farvi should be considered an endangered language.",bib1118,yes -10726-speakers-1,10726,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Notwithstanding Farroḵi’s population that surpasses two thousands, its vernacular is moribund. During the decades of expansion of modern education and media, Farvi has been thinning, and its number of speakers shrinking, to the extent that Farvi should be considered an endangered language.",bib1118,yes -10726-LEI-1,10726,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1118,yes -10726-vitality-1,10726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1118,yes -10730-context-1,10730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Biak; Indonesian""}",,"""The influence of surrounding languages on Abun has been significant. It is particularly easy to see the influence of Biak and Indonesian, as will be demonstrated below, but less so the influence of the three neighbouring languages of Moi, Mpur and Mai Brat (Mare). This is no doubt because the contact with Biak and Indonesian has been closer and more continuous."" (p.5)",bib882,yes -10730-location-1,10730,location,"{""Places"": [""Irian Jaya, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the northern area of the Bird's Head Peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.52, 132.19], [-0.66, 131.91]]}",,the subdistricts of Sausapor and Mega,bib882,yes -10730-speaker_number-1,10730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib882,yes -10730-speakers-1,10730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib882,yes -10730-LEI-1,10730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib882,yes -10730-vitality-1,10730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib882,yes -10731-location-1,10731,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the north-central area of the Bird's Head of Indonesian Papua""}",,,bib5627,yes -10731-location-2,10731,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Papua"", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.75, 133.17]]}",,,bib3264,no -10731-speaker_number-1,10731,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5627,yes -10731-speakers-1,10731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5627,yes -10731-LEI-1,10731,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5627,yes -10731-vitality-1,10731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5627,yes -10732-location-1,10732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Papua"", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.55, 133.18]]}",,,bib3264,no -10732-location-2,10732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""East Nusantara""}",,Tanahmerah along the Gondu and Bapai rivers of the northeast of the Bomberai peninsula,bib3265,yes -10732-speaker_number-1,10732,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The language is typically listed as having around 500 speakers but no researcher is recorded to have surveyed the speech community in situ.,bib3265,yes -10732-speakers-1,10732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The language is typically listed as having around 500 speakers but no researcher is recorded to have surveyed the speech community in situ.,bib3265,yes -10732-LEI-1,10732,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10732-vitality-1,10732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes +10720-context-1,10720,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5591,yes +10720-context-2,10720,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Junhua varieties; Hainanese; Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib2788,no +10720-location-1,10720,location,"{""Places"": [""Hainan, China""], ""Description"": ""\u6d77\u5357\u7701\u6771\u65b9\u5e02\u65b0\u9f8d\u93ae\u90a3\u6597\u6751\u3001\u516b\u6240\u93ae\u6708\u6751"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.013, 108.678], [19.022, 108.67]]}",,,bib2788,no +10720-speakers-1,10720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500""}",,,bib5591,yes +10720-speaker_number-2,10720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2788,no +10720-speakers-2,10720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2788,no +10720-LEI-1,10720,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5591,yes +10720-transmission-1,10720,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5591,yes +10720-vitality-1,10720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""there is little evidence that the children of Nadouhua speakers are learning the language from their parents, many of whom are only semi-fluent themselves."" (p.18)",bib5591,yes +10720-LEI-2,10720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2788,no +10720-vitality-2,10720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2788,no +10721-location-1,10721,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Before World War I, it was spoken in one or more villages on the east coast of Bougainville. (Rausch 1912)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.225209, 155.573703]]}",,,bib4691,yes +10721-speakers-1,10721,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1975""}",,"Before World War II, Douglas Oliver (then at Harvard) collected a word list of several hundred words in Arawa village. He told me that men, women, & children spoke the language then (1938-9). In 1973, I went to Arawa and located a speaker who knew the language partially. In 1975, I got a letter from that village asking me to send the language back. The writer said his uncle had died before the writer of the letter could learn the language.",bib4691,yes +10721-LEI-1,10721,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4691,yes +10721-vitality-1,10721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4691,yes +10722-context-1,10722,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Persian is the primary means of communication.,bib1142,no +10722-context-2,10722,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1136,yes +10722-location-1,10722,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""central Iran"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.99, 51.4]]}",,"the township of Jowshaqan, Jowshaqan district, Isfahan Province",bib1142,no +10722-location-2,10722,location,"{""Places"": [""central Iran""], ""Description"": ""the township of Jowshaqan, Jowshaqan district, Isfahan Province""}",,,bib1136,yes +10722-speakers-1,10722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"""It would be unrealistic to calculate the number of speakers because the users of the dialects are ever more shrinking to older generations."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-speaker_number-2,10722,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There is circa 400 fluent speakers left.,bib1136,yes +10722-speakers-2,10722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There is circa 400 fluent speakers left.,bib1136,yes +10722-LEI-1,10722,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-transmission-1,10722,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-domains_of_use-1,10722,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-speaker_number_trends-1,10722,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-vitality-1,10722,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""In the Kashan area there is a high degree of use of Persian in all but the most intimate communication (cf. Majidi, 1975, passim). In the past few decades, rural Kashan has rapidly been shifting to Persian. Most villages have already been partly or entirely persianized, and practically all the native speakers are bilingual (see Borjian, 2009)."" (p.7)",bib1142,no +10722-LEI-2,10722,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1136,yes +10722-transmission-2,10722,transmission,3,transmission-3,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1136,yes +10722-domains_of_use-2,10722,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1136,yes +10722-speaker_number_trends-2,10722,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1136,yes +10722-vitality-2,10722,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The intergenerational transmission is extremely poor.,bib1136,yes +10724-context-1,10724,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tehrani Persian""}",,"The speakers' perceived self-worth is not high; many feel no harm in abandoning the inherited dialect in favor of spoken Tehrani Persian, which is regard as having greater prestige and utility. There is, however, one apparent value agreed upon by many speakers, viz., the utilization of their obscure dialect as a secret language outside of the region, especially in the urban centers to which most of the former villagers have moved.",bib1131,yes +10724-location-1,10724,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""the T\u0323arqrud district, Nat\u0323anz Sub-province, Isfahan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.23, 51.47]]}",,,bib1131,yes +10724-speaker_number-1,10724,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Keša'i owes its survival to its virtual seclusion in the upper end of the mountainous valley to which it belongs, which lay away from the communication routes for many centuries. The communicational isolation, however, has been breached in modern times through introduction of modern education and mass media and, more recently, by construction of roads and massive real estate developments. These effects as well as massive migration of the villagers to urban centers have led to a gradual language shift and marked decrease in speakers of Keša'i.",bib1131,yes +10724-speakers-1,10724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""675 (as of 2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Keša'i owes its survival to its virtual seclusion in the upper end of the mountainous valley to which it belongs, which lay away from the communication routes for many centuries. The communicational isolation, however, has been breached in modern times through introduction of modern education and mass media and, more recently, by construction of roads and massive real estate developments. These effects as well as massive migration of the villagers to urban centers have led to a gradual language shift and marked decrease in speakers of Keša'i.",bib1131,yes +10724-LEI-1,10724,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1131,yes +10724-transmission-1,10724,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1131,yes +10724-domains_of_use-1,10724,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib1131,yes +10724-speaker_number_trends-1,10724,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1131,yes +10724-vitality-1,10724,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1131,yes +10725-context-1,10725,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Moluccan Malay, Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib7669,yes +10725-location-1,10725,location,"{""Places"": [""Makian Island, North Maluku Province, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in seven villages on the western half of Makian Island: Sabale (Sebelewi , Sebelei) , Talapao (Talapaun), Tafasoho (Mateketen), Tagono, Ngofabobawa, Bobawa, and Malapa. Also spoken on four is lands in the Kayoa\ngroup south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage , and Gafi."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.3891447, 127.3244647]]}",,,bib7669,yes +10725-speaker_number-1,10725,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""The West Makian language is spoken by an estimated 12,000 people , 7000 of whom live on the western half of Makian Island and the remainder on four islands in the Kayoa group south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage, and Gafi."" This number has likely declined drastically in recent years.",bib7669,yes +10725-speakers-1,10725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""The West Makian language is spoken by an estimated 12,000 people , 7000 of whom live on the western half of Makian Island and the remainder on four islands in the Kayoa group south of Makian: Moari , Lelei , Gunage, and Gafi."" This number has likely declined drastically in recent years.",bib7669,yes +10725-LEI-1,10725,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Little is known about current levels of vitality.,bib7669,yes +10725-vitality-1,10725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Little is known about current levels of vitality.,bib7669,yes +10726-location-1,10726,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Farro\u1e35i, a township in the sub-province of \u1e34ur o Bi\u0101b\u0101nak on the edge of the Great Persian Desert"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.47, 55.05]]}",,,bib1127,yes +10726-speaker_number-1,10726,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Notwithstanding Farroḵi’s population that surpasses two thousands, its vernacular is moribund. During the decades of expansion of modern education and media, Farvi has been thinning, and its number of speakers shrinking, to the extent that Farvi should be considered an endangered language.",bib1127,yes +10726-speakers-1,10726,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Notwithstanding Farroḵi’s population that surpasses two thousands, its vernacular is moribund. During the decades of expansion of modern education and media, Farvi has been thinning, and its number of speakers shrinking, to the extent that Farvi should be considered an endangered language.",bib1127,yes +10726-LEI-1,10726,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1127,yes +10726-vitality-1,10726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1127,yes +10730-context-1,10730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Biak; Indonesian""}",,"""The influence of surrounding languages on Abun has been significant. It is particularly easy to see the influence of Biak and Indonesian, as will be demonstrated below, but less so the influence of the three neighbouring languages of Moi, Mpur and Mai Brat (Mare). This is no doubt because the contact with Biak and Indonesian has been closer and more continuous."" (p.5)",bib886,yes +10730-location-1,10730,location,"{""Places"": [""Irian Jaya, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the northern area of the Bird's Head Peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.52, 132.19], [-0.66, 131.91]]}",,the subdistricts of Sausapor and Mega,bib886,yes +10730-speaker_number-1,10730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib886,yes +10730-speakers-1,10730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib886,yes +10730-LEI-1,10730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib886,yes +10730-vitality-1,10730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib886,yes +10731-location-1,10731,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the north-central area of the Bird's Head of Indonesian Papua""}",,,bib5651,yes +10731-location-2,10731,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Papua"", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.75, 133.17]]}",,,bib3280,no +10731-speaker_number-1,10731,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5651,yes +10731-speakers-1,10731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5651,yes +10731-LEI-1,10731,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5651,yes +10731-vitality-1,10731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5651,yes +10732-location-1,10732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Papua"", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.55, 133.18]]}",,,bib3280,no +10732-location-2,10732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""East Nusantara""}",,Tanahmerah along the Gondu and Bapai rivers of the northeast of the Bomberai peninsula,bib3281,yes +10732-speaker_number-1,10732,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The language is typically listed as having around 500 speakers but no researcher is recorded to have surveyed the speech community in situ.,bib3281,yes +10732-speakers-1,10732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The language is typically listed as having around 500 speakers but no researcher is recorded to have surveyed the speech community in situ.,bib3281,yes +10732-LEI-1,10732,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10732-vitality-1,10732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes 10733-context-1,10733,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Panamanian Sign Language, American Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Little"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some deaf instruction, deaf interpreters in schools""}",,"Currently, two sign languages appear to be in use in Panama: Lengua de Señas de Chiriqui (LSCH) in the Chiriqui province and Lengua de Señas Panameñas (LSP) in other urban areas where sign language is used. Deaf Panamanians indicate that they learn sign language from their deaf friends, rather than at home or in school, as the vast majority of deaf students are mainstreamed into hearing schools without interpreters. Although the government has made important moves toward increasing social access for people identified as being disabled, few deaf people are employed or live independently, regardless of their educational level. Although deaf associations are not yet unified in community and language development efforts, recent years have seen a movement toward creation of sign language dictionaries in both Chiriqui and Panama deaf communities. Deaf Panamanians are increasingly discussing how best to collaborate toward improvement of their deaf communities."" -""In most situations, deaf Panamanians feel free to sign in public, although new acquirers of sign may feel some concern that better deaf signers may make fun of them.",bib5776,yes -10733-location-1,10733,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Chiriqui province"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.409086, -82.429146]]}",,The main social hubs for deaf Panamanians are Panama City and David; deaf people congregate most weekends at the central park in David or Albrook mall in Panama City.,bib5776,yes -10733-speakers-1,10733,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000""}",,"There are an estimated six thousand deaf people in Panama, with as many as two-thirds of that number living in rural areas that have no deaf community or sign-language access.",bib5776,yes -10733-LEI-1,10733,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -10733-transmission-1,10733,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -10733-domains_of_use-1,10733,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -10733-vitality-1,10733,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -10734-location-1,10734,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.63, 143.28]]}",,,bib3264,no -10734-location-2,10734,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""to the west of Lake Kutubu near the border between the Southern Highlands and Western Provinces of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3265,yes -10734-speaker_number-1,10734,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10734-speakers-1,10734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10734-LEI-1,10734,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10734-vitality-1,10734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10735-location-1,10735,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.82, 142.78]]}",,,bib3264,no -10735-location-2,10735,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the vicinity of the Upper Bamu river in Western Province of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3265,yes -10735-speaker_number-1,10735,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10735-speakers-1,10735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10735-LEI-1,10735,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10735-vitality-1,10735,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10740-location-1,10740,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.88, 145.08]]}",,,bib3264,no -10740-location-2,10740,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""around the Purari and Pio Rivers in Karimui District, Sumbu Province, overlapping into Gulf and Southern Highlands Provinces""}",,,bib3265,yes -10740-speaker_number-1,10740,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10740-speakers-1,10740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10740-LEI-1,10740,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10740-vitality-1,10740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10741-location-1,10741,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.45, 144.3]]}",,,bib3264,no -10741-location-2,10741,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Some tributaries of the Kikori river in Gulf District""}",,,bib3265,yes -10741-speaker_number-1,10741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10741-speakers-1,10741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10741-LEI-1,10741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10741-vitality-1,10741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10742-context-1,10742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English; Motu""}",,"Speakers of Purari also genearlly speak Tok Pisin, English, and Motu. Competence in these latter three languages varies depending on age group. Purari-speaking individuals may also know one or more languages of the surrounding ethnic groups (Elema, Kaura, Pawaiian, Era, Gope, and Urama)",bib821,yes -10742-context-2,10742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""a Motu-base pidgin""}",,,bib3265,no -10742-location-1,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.59, 145.04]]}",,,bib3264,no -10742-location-2,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Purari is primarily spoken by inhabitants in the Purari Delta. It is also spoken in Port Moresby.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.746167, 145.088916], [-9.449204, 147.179273]]}",,,bib821,yes -10742-location-3,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""around the mouth of the Purari river in Gulf Province""}",,,bib3265,no -10742-speaker_number-1,10742,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib821,yes -10742-speakers-1,10742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib821,yes -10742-speaker_number-2,10742,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,no -10742-speakers-2,10742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,no -10742-LEI-1,10742,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib821,yes -10742-vitality-1,10742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib821,yes -10742-LEI-2,10742,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -10742-vitality-2,10742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no -10743-location-1,10743,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.54, 142.25]]}",,,bib3264,no -10743-location-2,10743,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the Strickland river valley and Muller Ranges of the Southern Highlands""}",,,bib3265,yes -10743-speaker_number-1,10743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,yes -10743-speakers-1,10743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10743-LEI-1,10743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10743-vitality-1,10743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10744-location-1,10744,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.29, 142.64]]}",,,bib3264,no -10744-location-2,10744,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the area around Wawoi falls in Western Province, Papua New Guinea, south of the Bosavi family languages""}",,,bib3265,yes -10744-speaker_number-1,10744,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,yes -10744-speakers-1,10744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10744-LEI-1,10744,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10744-vitality-1,10744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes +""In most situations, deaf Panamanians feel free to sign in public, although new acquirers of sign may feel some concern that better deaf signers may make fun of them.",bib5800,yes +10733-location-1,10733,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Chiriqui province"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.409086, -82.429146]]}",,The main social hubs for deaf Panamanians are Panama City and David; deaf people congregate most weekends at the central park in David or Albrook mall in Panama City.,bib5800,yes +10733-speakers-1,10733,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000""}",,"There are an estimated six thousand deaf people in Panama, with as many as two-thirds of that number living in rural areas that have no deaf community or sign-language access.",bib5800,yes +10733-LEI-1,10733,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +10733-transmission-1,10733,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +10733-domains_of_use-1,10733,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +10733-vitality-1,10733,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +10734-location-1,10734,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.63, 143.28]]}",,,bib3280,no +10734-location-2,10734,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""to the west of Lake Kutubu near the border between the Southern Highlands and Western Provinces of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3281,yes +10734-speaker_number-1,10734,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10734-speakers-1,10734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10734-LEI-1,10734,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10734-vitality-1,10734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10735-location-1,10735,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.82, 142.78]]}",,,bib3280,no +10735-location-2,10735,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the vicinity of the Upper Bamu river in Western Province of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3281,yes +10735-speaker_number-1,10735,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10735-speakers-1,10735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10735-LEI-1,10735,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10735-vitality-1,10735,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10740-location-1,10740,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.88, 145.08]]}",,,bib3280,no +10740-location-2,10740,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""around the Purari and Pio Rivers in Karimui District, Sumbu Province, overlapping into Gulf and Southern Highlands Provinces""}",,,bib3281,yes +10740-speaker_number-1,10740,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10740-speakers-1,10740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10740-LEI-1,10740,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10740-vitality-1,10740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10741-location-1,10741,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.45, 144.3]]}",,,bib3280,no +10741-location-2,10741,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Some tributaries of the Kikori river in Gulf District""}",,,bib3281,yes +10741-speaker_number-1,10741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10741-speakers-1,10741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10741-LEI-1,10741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10741-vitality-1,10741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10742-context-1,10742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English; Motu""}",,"Speakers of Purari also genearlly speak Tok Pisin, English, and Motu. Competence in these latter three languages varies depending on age group. Purari-speaking individuals may also know one or more languages of the surrounding ethnic groups (Elema, Kaura, Pawaiian, Era, Gope, and Urama)",bib825,yes +10742-context-2,10742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""a Motu-base pidgin""}",,,bib3281,no +10742-location-1,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.59, 145.04]]}",,,bib3280,no +10742-location-2,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Purari is primarily spoken by inhabitants in the Purari Delta. It is also spoken in Port Moresby.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.746167, 145.088916], [-9.449204, 147.179273]]}",,,bib825,yes +10742-location-3,10742,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""around the mouth of the Purari river in Gulf Province""}",,,bib3281,no +10742-speaker_number-1,10742,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib825,yes +10742-speakers-1,10742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib825,yes +10742-speaker_number-2,10742,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,no +10742-speakers-2,10742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,no +10742-LEI-1,10742,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib825,yes +10742-vitality-1,10742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib825,yes +10742-LEI-2,10742,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +10742-vitality-2,10742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no +10743-location-1,10743,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.54, 142.25]]}",,,bib3280,no +10743-location-2,10743,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the Strickland river valley and Muller Ranges of the Southern Highlands""}",,,bib3281,yes +10743-speaker_number-1,10743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,yes +10743-speakers-1,10743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10743-LEI-1,10743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10743-vitality-1,10743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10744-location-1,10744,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.29, 142.64]]}",,,bib3280,no +10744-location-2,10744,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""the area around Wawoi falls in Western Province, Papua New Guinea, south of the Bosavi family languages""}",,,bib3281,yes +10744-speaker_number-1,10744,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,yes +10744-speakers-1,10744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10744-LEI-1,10744,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10744-vitality-1,10744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes 10745-context-1,10745,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Bible portions.""}",,,bib70,yes 10745-location-1,10745,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.347215, 139.812557]]}",,"Papua Province, southwest of Lake Sentani, Nawa River, Lereh, Harna, Wes, Masta, Aurina villages.",bib70,yes 10745-speaker_number-1,10745,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,yes 10745-speakers-1,10745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,yes 10745-LEI-1,10745,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Moribund,bib70,yes 10745-vitality-1,10745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Moribund,bib70,yes -10746-context-1,10746,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With non-Phuthi speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sotho, Xhosa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Politically, Phuthi has no institutional status at all, in either Lesotho or South Africa. It is not recognized as a language of any sort (official, national, regional, local) in either country's national census... In conversational exchanges between Phuthi and non-Phuthi speakers, the non-Phuthi language always dominates: broadly this is Sotho in Lesotho and Xhosa in Sinxondo and the Transkei... On the more hopeful side, I observed that Phuthi speakers in Sinxondo and Mpapa use the language with each other in most situations, regardless of age.",bib2232,yes -10746-location-1,10746,location,"{""Places"": [""Lesotho, South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southern Lesotho, and sparsely in the northern Transkei."", ""Coordinates"": [[-30.572829, 27.732915]]}",,"Observations in this paper come primarily from work in in Mpapa and Sinxondo, southern Lesotho.",bib2232,yes -10746-speaker_number-1,10746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"At present we do not know how many speakers of Phuthi there are. There appears to be no systematic record anywhere of where speakers live, or who claims to speak the language. I estimate--conservatively, and only very roughly--that there may be 20,000 native Phuthi speakers spread across the five main Phuthi regions of southern Lesotho.",bib2232,yes -10746-speakers-1,10746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"At present we do not know how many speakers of Phuthi there are. There appears to be no systematic record anywhere of where speakers live, or who claims to speak the language. I estimate--conservatively, and only very roughly--that there may be 20,000 native Phuthi speakers spread across the five main Phuthi regions of southern Lesotho.",bib2232,yes -10746-LEI-1,10746,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2232,yes -10746-transmission-1,10746,transmission,0,transmission-0,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2232,yes -10746-domains_of_use-1,10746,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2232,yes -10746-vitality-1,10746,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2232,yes +10746-context-1,10746,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With non-Phuthi speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sotho, Xhosa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Politically, Phuthi has no institutional status at all, in either Lesotho or South Africa. It is not recognized as a language of any sort (official, national, regional, local) in either country's national census... In conversational exchanges between Phuthi and non-Phuthi speakers, the non-Phuthi language always dominates: broadly this is Sotho in Lesotho and Xhosa in Sinxondo and the Transkei... On the more hopeful side, I observed that Phuthi speakers in Sinxondo and Mpapa use the language with each other in most situations, regardless of age.",bib2245,yes +10746-location-1,10746,location,"{""Places"": [""Lesotho, South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southern Lesotho, and sparsely in the northern Transkei."", ""Coordinates"": [[-30.572829, 27.732915]]}",,"Observations in this paper come primarily from work in in Mpapa and Sinxondo, southern Lesotho.",bib2245,yes +10746-speaker_number-1,10746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"At present we do not know how many speakers of Phuthi there are. There appears to be no systematic record anywhere of where speakers live, or who claims to speak the language. I estimate--conservatively, and only very roughly--that there may be 20,000 native Phuthi speakers spread across the five main Phuthi regions of southern Lesotho.",bib2245,yes +10746-speakers-1,10746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"At present we do not know how many speakers of Phuthi there are. There appears to be no systematic record anywhere of where speakers live, or who claims to speak the language. I estimate--conservatively, and only very roughly--that there may be 20,000 native Phuthi speakers spread across the five main Phuthi regions of southern Lesotho.",bib2245,yes +10746-LEI-1,10746,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2245,yes +10746-transmission-1,10746,transmission,0,transmission-0,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2245,yes +10746-domains_of_use-1,10746,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2245,yes +10746-vitality-1,10746,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While preconditions exist for the language to begin the slide towards obsolescence and death, Phuthi has not yet begun to do this in a significant way... Children playing outside speak almost exclusively Phuthi with one another... children acquire Phuthi first and often do not command Sotho and Xhosa until they begin going to school.",bib2245,yes 10747-context-1,10747,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Yami people above 60 years of age are mostly monolingual in Yami, whereas those below 20 consider Mandarin Chinese their L1 and Yami their L2 (Chen 1998). Young adults code-switch between Yami and Chinese in communication. Iraralay is the only community of the six villages on the island where children still use Yami for daily interaction (Lin 2007)... Although Yami has been offered as an elective in elementary school since 1998, Yami is gradually being replaced by Mandarin Chinese in daily use. Among the junior high school students on Orchid Island, 60% either believed Yami would die eventually or were uncertain about the fate of the language (Rau, 1995b). -Adult speakers use both Chinese and Yami in daily communication. The medium of education in schools is exclusively Chinese. Yami is used primarily in Christian church services and traditional ceremonies. Translation of the New Testament of the Bible into Yami was completed in 1995. There is a locally run radio station on the island, managed by a Christian organization, broadcasting programs in Chinese and Yami."" (p.115)",bib6150,yes -10747-location-1,10747,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Orchid Island (\u862d\u5dbc)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.045, 121.544]]}",,6 villages,bib6150,yes -10747-speaker_number-1,10747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Yami constitute 93% of the 3007 residents on Orchid Island. Almost half of the population on the island is either above 50 or below 20 years old. Young adults usually seek employment in Taiwan."" (p.115)",bib6150,yes -10747-speakers-1,10747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Yami constitute 93% of the 3007 residents on Orchid Island. Almost half of the population on the island is either above 50 or below 20 years old. Young adults usually seek employment in Taiwan."" (p.115)",bib6150,yes -10747-LEI-1,10747,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6150,yes -10747-transmission-1,10747,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6150,yes -10747-domains_of_use-1,10747,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6150,yes -10747-speaker_number_trends-1,10747,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6150,yes -10747-vitality-1,10747,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6150,yes -10748-location-1,10748,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rouku village, Morehead district."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.702164, 141.587799]]}",,,bib2363,yes -10748-speaker_number-1,10748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2363,yes -10748-speakers-1,10748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2363,yes -10748-LEI-1,10748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2363,yes -10748-vitality-1,10748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2363,yes -10749-context-1,10749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama; English; French""}",,,bib395,yes -10749-location-1,10749,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.36, 167.7]]}",,,bib3264,no -10749-location-2,10749,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib395,yes -10749-speaker_number-1,10749,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10749-speakers-1,10749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10749-LEI-1,10749,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10749-vitality-1,10749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10750-context-1,10750,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, French, English""}",,,bib395,yes -10750-location-1,10750,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.42, 167.73]]}",,,bib3264,no -10750-location-2,10750,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib395,yes -10750-speaker_number-1,10750,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10750-speakers-1,10750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10750-LEI-1,10750,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10750-vitality-1,10750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10751-context-1,10751,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, French, English""}",,,bib395,yes -10751-location-1,10751,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.43, 167.57]]}",,,bib3264,no -10751-location-2,10751,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib395,yes -10751-speaker_number-1,10751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10751-speakers-1,10751,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10751-LEI-1,10751,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10751-vitality-1,10751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10752-context-1,10752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib395,no -10752-context-2,10752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Vernacular language is the vehicle for expressing indigenous knowledge and social ties, and as such it is seen as having intrinsic value and worth knowing. Bislama is seen as encroaching on Malua, and as erasing traditional knowledge about kinship, places, the ecosystem, and skills. There is support for Malua-medium primary education.""}",,"One of 25 active languages spoken on Malekula Island. Bislama-medium education is common through Grade 2, then education continues in English. Bislama is also the language of spiritual practice (Seventh Day Adventism), and is spoken in the home by wives from other communities.",bib3986,yes -10752-location-1,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.98, 167.21]]}",,,bib3264,no -10752-location-2,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib395,no -10752-location-3,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Malua Bay and Espiegles Bay, northwestern coast of Malekula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.0, 167.18]]}",,,bib3986,yes -10752-speaker_number-1,10752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -10752-speakers-1,10752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -10752-speaker_number-2,10752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3986,yes -10752-speakers-2,10752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3986,yes -10752-LEI-1,10752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10752-vitality-1,10752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -10752-LEI-2,10752,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6b-7,bib3986,yes -10752-transmission-2,10752,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 6b-7,bib3986,yes -10752-domains_of_use-2,10752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,EGIDS 6b-7,bib3986,yes -10752-speaker_number_trends-2,10752,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 6b-7,bib3986,yes -10752-vitality-2,10752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6b-7,bib3986,yes -10753-context-1,10753,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib395,no -10753-context-2,10753,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains"", ""intragroup communications""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Bislama""}",,"""Interactions between speakers of different vernacular languages are conducted in Bislama. Although schooling in Vanuatu is traditionally conducted in English or French, for adults, only the small numbers who have had some secondary school education have maintained degrees of fluency in either one of these languages, of which there would be only a handful in the Unua area with competency in French."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes -10753-location-1,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.26, 167.6]]}",,,bib3264,no -10753-location-2,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib395,no -10753-location-3,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""five villages strung out beside the north-south road which connects the centres of Norsup/Lakatoro in the centre-north and Lamap to the south""}",,"the villages names are: Batabbu, Batabong, Penamor, Ruxbo and Black Sands",bib5822,yes -10753-speaker_number-1,10753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -10753-speakers-1,10753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -10753-speakers-2,10753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""710 (as of 1999 The Vanuatu National Population and Housing Census)""}",,,bib5822,yes -10753-LEI-1,10753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10753-vitality-1,10753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -10753-LEI-2,10753,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes -10753-transmission-2,10753,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes -10753-domains_of_use-2,10753,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes -10753-speaker_number_trends-2,10753,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes -10753-vitality-2,10753,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5822,yes +Adult speakers use both Chinese and Yami in daily communication. The medium of education in schools is exclusively Chinese. Yami is used primarily in Christian church services and traditional ceremonies. Translation of the New Testament of the Bible into Yami was completed in 1995. There is a locally run radio station on the island, managed by a Christian organization, broadcasting programs in Chinese and Yami."" (p.115)",bib6174,yes +10747-location-1,10747,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Orchid Island (\u862d\u5dbc)"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.045, 121.544]]}",,6 villages,bib6174,yes +10747-speaker_number-1,10747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Yami constitute 93% of the 3007 residents on Orchid Island. Almost half of the population on the island is either above 50 or below 20 years old. Young adults usually seek employment in Taiwan."" (p.115)",bib6174,yes +10747-speakers-1,10747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Yami constitute 93% of the 3007 residents on Orchid Island. Almost half of the population on the island is either above 50 or below 20 years old. Young adults usually seek employment in Taiwan."" (p.115)",bib6174,yes +10747-LEI-1,10747,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6174,yes +10747-transmission-1,10747,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6174,yes +10747-domains_of_use-1,10747,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6174,yes +10747-speaker_number_trends-1,10747,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6174,yes +10747-vitality-1,10747,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6174,yes +10748-location-1,10748,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rouku village, Morehead district."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.702164, 141.587799]]}",,,bib2376,yes +10748-speaker_number-1,10748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2376,yes +10748-speakers-1,10748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2376,yes +10748-LEI-1,10748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2376,yes +10748-vitality-1,10748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2376,yes +10749-context-1,10749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama; English; French""}",,,bib396,yes +10749-location-1,10749,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.36, 167.7]]}",,,bib3280,no +10749-location-2,10749,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib396,yes +10749-speaker_number-1,10749,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10749-speakers-1,10749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10749-LEI-1,10749,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10749-vitality-1,10749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10750-context-1,10750,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, French, English""}",,,bib396,yes +10750-location-1,10750,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.42, 167.73]]}",,,bib3280,no +10750-location-2,10750,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib396,yes +10750-speaker_number-1,10750,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10750-speakers-1,10750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10750-LEI-1,10750,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10750-vitality-1,10750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10751-context-1,10751,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, French, English""}",,,bib396,yes +10751-location-1,10751,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.43, 167.57]]}",,,bib3280,no +10751-location-2,10751,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib396,yes +10751-speaker_number-1,10751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10751-speakers-1,10751,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10751-LEI-1,10751,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10751-vitality-1,10751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10752-context-1,10752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib396,no +10752-context-2,10752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Vernacular language is the vehicle for expressing indigenous knowledge and social ties, and as such it is seen as having intrinsic value and worth knowing. Bislama is seen as encroaching on Malua, and as erasing traditional knowledge about kinship, places, the ecosystem, and skills. There is support for Malua-medium primary education.""}",,"One of 25 active languages spoken on Malekula Island. Bislama-medium education is common through Grade 2, then education continues in English. Bislama is also the language of spiritual practice (Seventh Day Adventism), and is spoken in the home by wives from other communities.",bib4006,yes +10752-location-1,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.98, 167.21]]}",,,bib3280,no +10752-location-2,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib396,no +10752-location-3,10752,location,"{""Places"": [""Malua Bay and Espiegles Bay, northwestern coast of Malekula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.0, 167.18]]}",,,bib4006,yes +10752-speaker_number-1,10752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +10752-speakers-1,10752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +10752-speaker_number-2,10752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4006,yes +10752-speakers-2,10752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4006,yes +10752-LEI-1,10752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10752-vitality-1,10752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +10752-LEI-2,10752,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6b-7,bib4006,yes +10752-transmission-2,10752,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 6b-7,bib4006,yes +10752-domains_of_use-2,10752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,EGIDS 6b-7,bib4006,yes +10752-speaker_number_trends-2,10752,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 6b-7,bib4006,yes +10752-vitality-2,10752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6b-7,bib4006,yes +10753-context-1,10753,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib396,no +10753-context-2,10753,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains"", ""intragroup communications""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Bislama""}",,"""Interactions between speakers of different vernacular languages are conducted in Bislama. Although schooling in Vanuatu is traditionally conducted in English or French, for adults, only the small numbers who have had some secondary school education have maintained degrees of fluency in either one of these languages, of which there would be only a handful in the Unua area with competency in French."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes +10753-location-1,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.26, 167.6]]}",,,bib3280,no +10753-location-2,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib396,no +10753-location-3,10753,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""five villages strung out beside the north-south road which connects the centres of Norsup/Lakatoro in the centre-north and Lamap to the south""}",,"the villages names are: Batabbu, Batabong, Penamor, Ruxbo and Black Sands",bib5846,yes +10753-speaker_number-1,10753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +10753-speakers-1,10753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +10753-speakers-2,10753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""710 (as of 1999 The Vanuatu National Population and Housing Census)""}",,,bib5846,yes +10753-LEI-1,10753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10753-vitality-1,10753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +10753-LEI-2,10753,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes +10753-transmission-2,10753,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes +10753-domains_of_use-2,10753,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes +10753-speaker_number_trends-2,10753,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes +10753-vitality-2,10753,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households."" (p.2)",bib5846,yes 10754-location-1,10754,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.887711, 141.717248]]}",,,bib34,no 10754-location-2,10754,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland""]}",,,bib70,yes 10754-speakers-1,10754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,,bib70,yes @@ -4131,7 +4131,7 @@ Adult speakers use both Chinese and Yami in daily communication. The medium of e 10755-LEI-1,10755,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,yes 10755-vitality-1,10755,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,yes 10756-location-1,10756,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales""}",,,bib70,yes -10756-location-2,10756,location,"{""Places"": [""New South Wales, Australia""], ""Description"": ""East of Nindigully, Qld., on Weir and Moonie rivers, north to Tara; at Talwood, Qld.; on MacIntyre River from east of Boomi to Texas; at Yetman, Boggabilla, and Middle Creek, N.S.W."", ""Coordinates"": [[-28.166667, 150.166667]]}",,,bib7335,no +10756-location-2,10756,location,"{""Places"": [""New South Wales, Australia""], ""Description"": ""East of Nindigully, Qld., on Weir and Moonie rivers, north to Tara; at Talwood, Qld.; on MacIntyre River from east of Boomi to Texas; at Yetman, Boggabilla, and Middle Creek, N.S.W."", ""Coordinates"": [[-28.166667, 150.166667]]}",,,bib7359,no 10756-speakers-1,10756,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,,bib70,yes 10756-LEI-1,10756,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,yes 10756-vitality-1,10756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,yes @@ -4170,435 +4170,435 @@ Adult speakers use both Chinese and Yami in daily communication. The medium of e 10764-vitality-1,10764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Baker (2008:5) reports that children have apparently not acquired Ngalakgan fully since the 1930s.,bib34,no 10764-LEI-2,10764,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,yes 10764-vitality-2,10764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,yes -10765-location-1,10765,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Motalava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.65, 167.713]]}",,,bib395,yes -10765-speaker_number-1,10765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10765-speakers-1,10765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10765-LEI-1,10765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10765-transmission-1,10765,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib395,yes -10765-vitality-1,10765,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib395,yes -10766-context-1,10766,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vur\u00ebs""}",,"Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.",bib2751,yes -10766-location-1,10766,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.898, 167.538]]}",,,bib395,no -10766-location-2,10766,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)""}",,,bib2751,yes -10766-speaker_number-1,10766,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -10766-speakers-1,10766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no -10766-speaker_number-2,10766,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2751,yes -10766-speakers-2,10766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2751,yes -10766-LEI-1,10766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10766-transmission-1,10766,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib395,no -10766-vitality-1,10766,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib395,no -10766-LEI-2,10766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2751,yes -10766-transmission-2,10766,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2751,yes -10766-speaker_number_trends-2,10766,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2751,yes -10766-vitality-2,10766,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2751,yes -10767-location-1,10767,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.313, 167.433]]}",,,bib395,yes -10767-speaker_number-1,10767,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10767-speakers-1,10767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10767-LEI-1,10767,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10767-transmission-1,10767,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib395,yes -10767-vitality-1,10767,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib395,yes -10768-location-1,10768,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.834, 166.741]]}",,,bib395,yes -10768-speaker_number-1,10768,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10768-speakers-1,10768,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10768-LEI-1,10768,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10768-vitality-1,10768,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10769-location-1,10769,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.883, 166.577]]}",,,bib395,yes -10769-speaker_number-1,10769,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10769-speakers-1,10769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10769-LEI-1,10769,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10769-vitality-1,10769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10773-location-1,10773,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.403194, 166.675312]]}",,,bib395,yes -10773-speaker_number-1,10773,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10773-speakers-1,10773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10773-LEI-1,10773,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10773-vitality-1,10773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10774-location-1,10774,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.442909, 166.859333]]}",,,bib395,yes -10774-speaker_number-1,10774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10774-speakers-1,10774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10774-LEI-1,10774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10774-vitality-1,10774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10775-location-1,10775,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.49585, 166.754963]]}",,,bib395,yes -10775-speaker_number-1,10775,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10775-speakers-1,10775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10775-LEI-1,10775,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10775-vitality-1,10775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10776-location-1,10776,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Sando"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.616242, 166.785161]]}",,,bib395,yes -10776-speaker_number-1,10776,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10776-speakers-1,10776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10776-LEI-1,10776,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10776-vitality-1,10776,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10777-location-1,10777,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.470705, 166.936238]]}",,,bib395,yes -10777-speaker_number-1,10777,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10777-speakers-1,10777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10777-LEI-1,10777,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10777-vitality-1,10777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10778-location-1,10778,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.629468, 166.834614]]}",,,bib395,yes -10778-speaker_number-1,10778,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10778-speakers-1,10778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10778-LEI-1,10778,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10778-vitality-1,10778,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10780-context-1,10780,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tolomako, Sakao""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Tolomako and Sakao languages.,bib7938,no -10780-location-1,10780,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2656, 166.9104]]}",,,bib5307,no -10780-location-2,10780,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.51173, 166.888172]]}",,,bib395,yes -10780-location-3,10780,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northern central Espiritu Santo Island, on the middle Jordan River""}",,,bib7938,no +10765-location-1,10765,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Motalava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.65, 167.713]]}",,,bib396,yes +10765-speaker_number-1,10765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10765-speakers-1,10765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10765-LEI-1,10765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10765-transmission-1,10765,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib396,yes +10765-vitality-1,10765,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib396,yes +10766-context-1,10766,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vur\u00ebs""}",,"Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.",bib2765,yes +10766-location-1,10766,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.898, 167.538]]}",,,bib396,no +10766-location-2,10766,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)""}",,,bib2765,yes +10766-speaker_number-1,10766,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +10766-speakers-1,10766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no +10766-speaker_number-2,10766,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2765,yes +10766-speakers-2,10766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2765,yes +10766-LEI-1,10766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10766-transmission-1,10766,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib396,no +10766-vitality-1,10766,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib396,no +10766-LEI-2,10766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2765,yes +10766-transmission-2,10766,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2765,yes +10766-speaker_number_trends-2,10766,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2765,yes +10766-vitality-2,10766,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2765,yes +10767-location-1,10767,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.313, 167.433]]}",,,bib396,yes +10767-speaker_number-1,10767,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10767-speakers-1,10767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10767-LEI-1,10767,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10767-transmission-1,10767,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib396,yes +10767-vitality-1,10767,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib396,yes +10768-location-1,10768,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.834, 166.741]]}",,,bib396,yes +10768-speaker_number-1,10768,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10768-speakers-1,10768,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10768-LEI-1,10768,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10768-vitality-1,10768,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10769-location-1,10769,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.883, 166.577]]}",,,bib396,yes +10769-speaker_number-1,10769,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10769-speakers-1,10769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10769-LEI-1,10769,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10769-vitality-1,10769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10773-location-1,10773,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.403194, 166.675312]]}",,,bib396,yes +10773-speaker_number-1,10773,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10773-speakers-1,10773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10773-LEI-1,10773,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10773-vitality-1,10773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10774-location-1,10774,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.442909, 166.859333]]}",,,bib396,yes +10774-speaker_number-1,10774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10774-speakers-1,10774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10774-LEI-1,10774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10774-vitality-1,10774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10775-location-1,10775,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.49585, 166.754963]]}",,,bib396,yes +10775-speaker_number-1,10775,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10775-speakers-1,10775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10775-LEI-1,10775,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10775-vitality-1,10775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10776-location-1,10776,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Sando"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.616242, 166.785161]]}",,,bib396,yes +10776-speaker_number-1,10776,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10776-speakers-1,10776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10776-LEI-1,10776,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10776-vitality-1,10776,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10777-location-1,10777,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.470705, 166.936238]]}",,,bib396,yes +10777-speaker_number-1,10777,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10777-speakers-1,10777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10777-LEI-1,10777,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10777-vitality-1,10777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10778-location-1,10778,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.629468, 166.834614]]}",,,bib396,yes +10778-speaker_number-1,10778,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10778-speakers-1,10778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10778-LEI-1,10778,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10778-vitality-1,10778,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10780-context-1,10780,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tolomako, Sakao""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Tolomako and Sakao languages.,bib7963,no +10780-location-1,10780,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2656, 166.9104]]}",,,bib5330,no +10780-location-2,10780,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.51173, 166.888172]]}",,,bib396,yes +10780-location-3,10780,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northern central Espiritu Santo Island, on the middle Jordan River""}",,,bib7963,no 10780-location-4,10780,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""North central Santo""}",,,bib67,no -10780-speaker_number-1,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -10780-speakers-1,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -10780-speaker_number-2,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10780-speakers-2,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10780-speaker_number-3,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Mean age of child speakers is 8.,bib7938,no -10780-speakers-3,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Mean age of child speakers is 8.,bib7938,no +10780-speaker_number-1,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +10780-speakers-1,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +10780-speaker_number-2,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10780-speakers-2,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10780-speaker_number-3,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Mean age of child speakers is 8.,bib7963,no +10780-speakers-3,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Mean age of child speakers is 8.,bib7963,no 10780-speaker_number-4,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 10780-speakers-4,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 10780-speaker_number-5,10780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 10780-speakers-5,10780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -10780-LEI-1,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -10780-vitality-1,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -10780-LEI-2,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10780-vitality-2,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10780-LEI-3,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -10780-vitality-3,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +10780-LEI-1,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +10780-vitality-1,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +10780-LEI-2,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10780-vitality-2,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10780-LEI-3,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +10780-vitality-3,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 10780-LEI-4,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 10780-vitality-4,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 10780-LEI-5,10780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used by 60% of children,bib67,no 10780-vitality-5,10780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Used by 60% of children,bib67,no -10781-location-1,10781,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.441585, 166.980183]]}",,,bib395,yes -10781-speaker_number-1,10781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10781-speakers-1,10781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10781-LEI-1,10781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10781-vitality-1,10781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10782-location-1,10782,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.393926, 166.96645]]}",,,bib395,yes -10782-speaker_number-1,10782,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10782-speakers-1,10782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10782-LEI-1,10782,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10782-vitality-1,10782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10783-location-1,10783,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.370092, 166.96645]]}",,,bib395,yes -10783-speaker_number-1,10783,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10783-speakers-1,10783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10783-LEI-1,10783,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10783-vitality-1,10783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10784-location-1,10784,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.383333, 166.999409]]}",,,bib395,yes -10784-speaker_number-1,10784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10784-speakers-1,10784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10784-LEI-1,10784,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10784-vitality-1,10784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10785-location-1,10785,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.309171, 166.801655]]}",,,bib395,yes -10785-speaker_number-1,10785,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10785-speakers-1,10785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10785-LEI-1,10785,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10785-vitality-1,10785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10786-location-1,10786,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.338309, 167.106526]]}",,,bib395,yes -10786-speaker_number-1,10786,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10786-speakers-1,10786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10786-LEI-1,10786,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10786-vitality-1,10786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10787-context-1,10787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Moluccan Malay, Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are shifting to use of North Moluccan Malay"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib3381,yes -10787-location-1,10787,location,"{""Places"": [""Ternate Island, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.783333, 127.366667]]}",,,bib3381,yes -10787-speaker_number-1,10787,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker numbers drawn from Ethnologue (1992).,bib3381,yes -10787-speakers-1,10787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker numbers drawn from Ethnologue (1992).,bib3381,yes -10787-LEI-1,10787,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3381,yes -10787-transmission-1,10787,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3381,yes -10787-domains_of_use-1,10787,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3381,yes -10787-speaker_number_trends-1,10787,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3381,yes -10787-vitality-1,10787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3381,yes -10788-location-1,10788,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Tangoa"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.592599, 166.991513]]}",,,bib395,yes -10788-speaker_number-1,10788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10788-speakers-1,10788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10788-LEI-1,10788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10788-vitality-1,10788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10789-location-1,10789,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.456484, 167.664426]]}",,,bib395,yes -10789-speaker_number-1,10789,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10789-speakers-1,10789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10789-LEI-1,10789,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10789-vitality-1,10789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10790-location-1,10790,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula, Avok"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.501248, 167.730344]]}",,,bib395,yes -10790-speaker_number-1,10790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10790-speakers-1,10790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10790-LEI-1,10790,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10790-vitality-1,10790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10791-location-1,10791,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.431448, 167.715238]]}",,,bib395,yes -10791-speaker_number-1,10791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10791-speakers-1,10791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10791-LEI-1,10791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10791-vitality-1,10791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10792-location-1,10792,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.348447, 167.737211]]}",,,bib395,yes -10792-speaker_number-1,10792,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10792-speakers-1,10792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10792-LEI-1,10792,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10792-vitality-1,10792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10793-location-1,10793,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.277265, 167.663053]]}",,,bib395,yes -10793-speaker_number-1,10793,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10793-speakers-1,10793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10793-LEI-1,10793,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10793-vitality-1,10793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10794-location-1,10794,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.250234, 167.531217]]}",,,bib395,yes -10794-speaker_number-1,10794,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10794-speakers-1,10794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10794-LEI-1,10794,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10794-vitality-1,10794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10795-location-1,10795,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.214958, 167.518171]]}",,,bib395,yes -10795-speaker_number-1,10795,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10795-speakers-1,10795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10795-LEI-1,10795,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10795-vitality-1,10795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10797-location-1,10797,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.898421, 167.202132]]}",,,bib395,yes -10797-speaker_number-1,10797,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10797-speakers-1,10797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10797-LEI-1,10797,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10797-vitality-1,10797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10798-location-1,10798,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.954546, 167.198012]]}",,,bib395,yes -10798-speaker_number-1,10798,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10798-speakers-1,10798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10798-LEI-1,10798,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10798-vitality-1,10798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10799-location-1,10799,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.975671, 167.258437]]}",,,bib395,yes -10799-speaker_number-1,10799,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10799-speakers-1,10799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10799-LEI-1,10799,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10799-vitality-1,10799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10800-location-1,10800,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.271847, 167.451384]]}",,,bib395,yes -10800-speaker_number-1,10800,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,yes -10800-speakers-1,10800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,yes -10800-LEI-1,10800,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10800-vitality-1,10800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10801-location-1,10801,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.242462, 168.218976]]}",,,bib395,yes -10801-speaker_number-1,10801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,yes -10801-speakers-1,10801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,yes -10801-LEI-1,10801,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10801-vitality-1,10801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10802-location-1,10802,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Efate, Lelepa"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.597085, 168.20924]]}",,,bib395,yes -10802-speaker_number-1,10802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10802-speakers-1,10802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10802-LEI-1,10802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10802-vitality-1,10802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10803-location-1,10803,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Efate"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.753446, 168.559429]]}",,,bib395,yes -10803-speaker_number-1,10803,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10803-speakers-1,10803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10803-LEI-1,10803,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10803-vitality-1,10803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10804-location-1,10804,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.24301, 167.134045]]}",,,bib395,yes -10804-speakers-1,10804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib395,yes -10804-LEI-1,10804,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib395,yes -10804-vitality-1,10804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib395,yes -10806-speaker_number-1,10806,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,yes -10806-speakers-1,10806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""843"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10806-LEI-1,10806,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...'Vital despite the highly multilingual nature of the Anem people and the addition of Tok Pisin to domains that used to be the sole territory of Anem' (Carteret al. 2012:3),bib3265,yes -10806-vitality-1,10806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,...'Vital despite the highly multilingual nature of the Anem people and the addition of Tok Pisin to domains that used to be the sole territory of Anem' (Carteret al. 2012:3),bib3265,yes -10807-context-1,10807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Pele-Ata is still being learned by children but all speakers are (at least) bilingual in Tok Pisin and younger speakers' Pele-Ata shows reduced morphology and lexical influences (Yanagida 2004:87-88).,bib3265,yes -10807-speaker_number-1,10807,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10807-speakers-1,10807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10807-LEI-1,10807,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10807-vitality-1,10807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10808-location-1,10808,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Vella Lavella Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.748003, 156.660565]]}",,,bib3265,yes -10808-speaker_number-1,10808,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10808-speakers-1,10808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10808-LEI-1,10808,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10808-vitality-1,10808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10809-location-1,10809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain""}",,,bib3265,yes -10809-speaker_number-1,10809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10809-speakers-1,10809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10809-LEI-1,10809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10809-vitality-1,10809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -1081-location-1,1081,location,"{""Description"": ""Bade is spoken in the northern part of Yobe State, Nigeria, in an area fanning out east and south of Gashua, the current location of the court of the Emir of Bade (Bedde)... [Western Bade is] spoken over the western half to two-thirds of the Bade area, some of the larger Western Bade speaking towns being Amshi, Dagona, Tagali, and, Madamuwa; Southern Bade, spoken to the southeast of the Western area and south of Gashua, with some of the main Southern Bade-speaking towns being Katamma, Katangana, and Gorgoram; and Gashua Bade, spoken in the city of Gashua, by far the largest town in the Bade-speaking area, and villages fanning out around Gashua.""}",,,bib6641,yes +10781-location-1,10781,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.441585, 166.980183]]}",,,bib396,yes +10781-speaker_number-1,10781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10781-speakers-1,10781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10781-LEI-1,10781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10781-vitality-1,10781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10782-location-1,10782,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.393926, 166.96645]]}",,,bib396,yes +10782-speaker_number-1,10782,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10782-speakers-1,10782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10782-LEI-1,10782,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10782-vitality-1,10782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10783-location-1,10783,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.370092, 166.96645]]}",,,bib396,yes +10783-speaker_number-1,10783,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10783-speakers-1,10783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10783-LEI-1,10783,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10783-vitality-1,10783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10784-location-1,10784,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.383333, 166.999409]]}",,,bib396,yes +10784-speaker_number-1,10784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10784-speakers-1,10784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10784-LEI-1,10784,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10784-vitality-1,10784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10785-location-1,10785,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.309171, 166.801655]]}",,,bib396,yes +10785-speaker_number-1,10785,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10785-speakers-1,10785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10785-LEI-1,10785,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10785-vitality-1,10785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10786-location-1,10786,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.338309, 167.106526]]}",,,bib396,yes +10786-speaker_number-1,10786,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10786-speakers-1,10786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10786-LEI-1,10786,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10786-vitality-1,10786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10787-context-1,10787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Moluccan Malay, Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are shifting to use of North Moluccan Malay"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib3399,yes +10787-location-1,10787,location,"{""Places"": [""Ternate Island, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.783333, 127.366667]]}",,,bib3399,yes +10787-speaker_number-1,10787,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker numbers drawn from Ethnologue (1992).,bib3399,yes +10787-speakers-1,10787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker numbers drawn from Ethnologue (1992).,bib3399,yes +10787-LEI-1,10787,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3399,yes +10787-transmission-1,10787,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3399,yes +10787-domains_of_use-1,10787,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3399,yes +10787-speaker_number_trends-1,10787,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3399,yes +10787-vitality-1,10787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Tematean language is rapidly changing and even disappearing in many parts of the island, especially among the younger generation. Instead, North Moluccan Malay is becoming the first language of a large portion of the Tematean population. It seems that Tematean is in better shape on Halmahera.",bib3399,yes +10788-location-1,10788,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Tangoa"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.592599, 166.991513]]}",,,bib396,yes +10788-speaker_number-1,10788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10788-speakers-1,10788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10788-LEI-1,10788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10788-vitality-1,10788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10789-location-1,10789,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.456484, 167.664426]]}",,,bib396,yes +10789-speaker_number-1,10789,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10789-speakers-1,10789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10789-LEI-1,10789,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10789-vitality-1,10789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10790-location-1,10790,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula, Avok"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.501248, 167.730344]]}",,,bib396,yes +10790-speaker_number-1,10790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10790-speakers-1,10790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10790-LEI-1,10790,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10790-vitality-1,10790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10791-location-1,10791,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.431448, 167.715238]]}",,,bib396,yes +10791-speaker_number-1,10791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10791-speakers-1,10791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10791-LEI-1,10791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10791-vitality-1,10791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10792-location-1,10792,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.348447, 167.737211]]}",,,bib396,yes +10792-speaker_number-1,10792,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10792-speakers-1,10792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10792-LEI-1,10792,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10792-vitality-1,10792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10793-location-1,10793,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.277265, 167.663053]]}",,,bib396,yes +10793-speaker_number-1,10793,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10793-speakers-1,10793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10793-LEI-1,10793,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10793-vitality-1,10793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10794-location-1,10794,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.250234, 167.531217]]}",,,bib396,yes +10794-speaker_number-1,10794,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10794-speakers-1,10794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10794-LEI-1,10794,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10794-vitality-1,10794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10795-location-1,10795,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.214958, 167.518171]]}",,,bib396,yes +10795-speaker_number-1,10795,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10795-speakers-1,10795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10795-LEI-1,10795,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10795-vitality-1,10795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10797-location-1,10797,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.898421, 167.202132]]}",,,bib396,yes +10797-speaker_number-1,10797,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10797-speakers-1,10797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10797-LEI-1,10797,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10797-vitality-1,10797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10798-location-1,10798,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.954546, 167.198012]]}",,,bib396,yes +10798-speaker_number-1,10798,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10798-speakers-1,10798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10798-LEI-1,10798,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10798-vitality-1,10798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10799-location-1,10799,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.975671, 167.258437]]}",,,bib396,yes +10799-speaker_number-1,10799,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10799-speakers-1,10799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10799-LEI-1,10799,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10799-vitality-1,10799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10800-location-1,10800,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.271847, 167.451384]]}",,,bib396,yes +10800-speaker_number-1,10800,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,yes +10800-speakers-1,10800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,yes +10800-LEI-1,10800,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10800-vitality-1,10800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10801-location-1,10801,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.242462, 168.218976]]}",,,bib396,yes +10801-speaker_number-1,10801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,yes +10801-speakers-1,10801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,yes +10801-LEI-1,10801,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10801-vitality-1,10801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10802-location-1,10802,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Efate, Lelepa"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.597085, 168.20924]]}",,,bib396,yes +10802-speaker_number-1,10802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10802-speakers-1,10802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10802-LEI-1,10802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10802-vitality-1,10802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10803-location-1,10803,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Efate"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.753446, 168.559429]]}",,,bib396,yes +10803-speaker_number-1,10803,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10803-speakers-1,10803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10803-LEI-1,10803,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10803-vitality-1,10803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10804-location-1,10804,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.24301, 167.134045]]}",,,bib396,yes +10804-speakers-1,10804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib396,yes +10804-LEI-1,10804,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib396,yes +10804-vitality-1,10804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib396,yes +10806-speaker_number-1,10806,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,yes +10806-speakers-1,10806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""843"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10806-LEI-1,10806,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...'Vital despite the highly multilingual nature of the Anem people and the addition of Tok Pisin to domains that used to be the sole territory of Anem' (Carteret al. 2012:3),bib3281,yes +10806-vitality-1,10806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,...'Vital despite the highly multilingual nature of the Anem people and the addition of Tok Pisin to domains that used to be the sole territory of Anem' (Carteret al. 2012:3),bib3281,yes +10807-context-1,10807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Pele-Ata is still being learned by children but all speakers are (at least) bilingual in Tok Pisin and younger speakers' Pele-Ata shows reduced morphology and lexical influences (Yanagida 2004:87-88).,bib3281,yes +10807-speaker_number-1,10807,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10807-speakers-1,10807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10807-LEI-1,10807,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10807-vitality-1,10807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10808-location-1,10808,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Vella Lavella Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.748003, 156.660565]]}",,,bib3281,yes +10808-speaker_number-1,10808,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10808-speakers-1,10808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10808-LEI-1,10808,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10808-vitality-1,10808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10809-location-1,10809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain""}",,,bib3281,yes +10809-speaker_number-1,10809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10809-speakers-1,10809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10809-LEI-1,10809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10809-vitality-1,10809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +1081-location-1,1081,location,"{""Description"": ""Bade is spoken in the northern part of Yobe State, Nigeria, in an area fanning out east and south of Gashua, the current location of the court of the Emir of Bade (Bedde)... [Western Bade is] spoken over the western half to two-thirds of the Bade area, some of the larger Western Bade speaking towns being Amshi, Dagona, Tagali, and, Madamuwa; Southern Bade, spoken to the southeast of the Western area and south of Gashua, with some of the main Southern Bade-speaking towns being Katamma, Katangana, and Gorgoram; and Gashua Bade, spoken in the city of Gashua, by far the largest town in the Bade-speaking area, and villages fanning out around Gashua.""}",,,bib6665,yes 1081-location-2,1081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.8333333333, 10.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1081-location-3,1081,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -1081-location-4,1081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.801, 11.1181]]}",,,bib5307,no -1081-speaker_number-1,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The Ethnologue gives a population figure of 250,000, which seems not unreasonable, since it probably includes all Bade dialects as well as Duwai.",bib6641,yes -1081-speakers-1,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The Ethnologue gives a population figure of 250,000, which seems not unreasonable, since it probably includes all Bade dialects as well as Duwai.",bib6641,yes +1081-location-4,1081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.801, 11.1181]]}",,,bib5330,no +1081-speaker_number-1,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The Ethnologue gives a population figure of 250,000, which seems not unreasonable, since it probably includes all Bade dialects as well as Duwai.",bib6665,yes +1081-speakers-1,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The Ethnologue gives a population figure of 250,000, which seems not unreasonable, since it probably includes all Bade dialects as well as Duwai.",bib6665,yes 1081-speaker_number-2,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 1081-speakers-2,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -1081-speaker_number-4,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1081-speakers-4,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1081-speaker_number-4,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1081-speakers-4,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1081-speaker_number-5,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1081-speakers-5,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1081-speaker_number-6,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Speaker number: ""31,933 (1952 W&B) includes Duwai and Ngizim; 100,000 (1973 SIL)""",bib980,no -1081-speakers-6,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Speaker number: ""31,933 (1952 W&B) includes Duwai and Ngizim; 100,000 (1973 SIL)""",bib980,no -1081-LEI-1,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6641,yes -1081-vitality-1,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6641,yes +1081-speaker_number-6,1081,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Speaker number: ""31,933 (1952 W&B) includes Duwai and Ngizim; 100,000 (1973 SIL)""",bib984,no +1081-speakers-6,1081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Speaker number: ""31,933 (1952 W&B) includes Duwai and Ngizim; 100,000 (1973 SIL)""",bib984,no +1081-LEI-1,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6665,yes +1081-vitality-1,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6665,yes 1081-LEI-2,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1081-vitality-2,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1081-LEI-3,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1081-vitality-3,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1081-LEI-3,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1081-vitality-3,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1081-LEI-4,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1081-vitality-4,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1081-LEI-5,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -1081-vitality-5,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -10810-location-1,10810,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Along the Wide Bay coast of East New Britain""}",,,bib3265,yes -10810-speaker_number-1,10810,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10810-speakers-1,10810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10810-LEI-1,10810,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10810-vitality-1,10810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10811-location-1,10811,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""south Rendova island""}",,,bib3265,yes -10811-speaker_number-1,10811,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10811-speakers-1,10811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10811-LEI-1,10811,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10811-vitality-1,10811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10812-location-1,10812,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rossell Island""}",,Off the southeastern tip of Papua New Guinea... 250 reef-ridden nautical miles from the Papua New Guinea mainland.,bib3265,yes -10812-speaker_number-1,10812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -10812-speakers-1,10812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes -10812-LEI-1,10812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -10812-vitality-1,10812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -10814-context-1,10814,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Lepo variety Kenyah, Kayan, Iban, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,,bib6909,yes -10814-location-1,10814,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Long San, Long Selaan, and Long Ikang""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.2974, 114.7831]]}",,,bib6909,yes -10814-speaker_number-1,10814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"It is difficult to measure precisely the number of Lebo' Vo' speakers. The communities of Long San, Long Ikang, and Long Selaan have 100-200 residents each, with a number of speakers living permanently in the coastal town of Miri. In all, however, there are certainly fewer than 1,000 speakers.",bib6909,yes -10814-speakers-1,10814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"It is difficult to measure precisely the number of Lebo' Vo' speakers. The communities of Long San, Long Ikang, and Long Selaan have 100-200 residents each, with a number of speakers living permanently in the coastal town of Miri. In all, however, there are certainly fewer than 1,000 speakers.",bib6909,yes -10814-LEI-1,10814,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6909,yes -10814-transmission-1,10814,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6909,yes -10814-domains_of_use-1,10814,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6909,yes -10814-speaker_number_trends-1,10814,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6909,yes -10814-vitality-1,10814,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6909,yes -10816-context-1,10816,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Vanuatu National Language Policy (2012)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is some enthusiasm for teaching Ahamb via formal education. Elders are seen as real speakers, while younger people lack confidence and so are less likely to use and pass on the language. Bislama is used in religious services, partially to avoid alienating non-Ahamb speakers, though a Bible translation could be well-received. Literacy in Bislama, English and French is seen as a key to employment""}",,"Migration for work and to avoid environmental risks, and proximity to other ethnicities in neighboring villages, promotes multilingualism. Bislama is used on social media and texting. Marriage partners from other regions tend to communicate in Bislama. There is an Ahamb-medium preschool, but continuing education is in Bislama and sometimes English or French. Ahamb-language materials are mainly religious or educational. Indigenous language-medium schooling is permitted for first three years of schooling, but Ahamb has not been supported among the numerous other indigenous languages due to a relatively small population.",bib7330,yes -10816-context-2,10816,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade, government, education, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Virtually all speakers of Ahamb are bilingual in Ahamb and Bislama (a dialect of Melanesian Creole), the national language of Vanuatu. Some Ahamb speakers also speak English. French is not commonly spoken. Bislama is the more prestigious language and the language of choice for trade and communication with the authorities and people from other language areas. It is also the more common language for church services. Bislama and English are used in teaching at the local primary and secondary schools. Ahamb is mostly used at home and for everyday purposes and sometimes for custom ceremonies. Ahamb borrows heavily from Bislama and code switching is common.",bib6132,no -10816-location-1,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.487266, 167.664068]]}",,,bib395,no -10816-location-2,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Ahamb Island, Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.517, 167.652]]}",,,bib7330,yes -10816-location-3,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken \""primarily on the small low-lying Ahamb island (covering only 0.3 sq km) off the south coast of Malekula.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.516381, 167.649982]]}",,,bib6132,no -10816-speaker_number-1,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -10816-speakers-1,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -10816-speaker_number-2,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7330,yes -10816-speakers-2,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""968"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7330,yes -10816-speaker_number-3,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6132,no -10816-speakers-3,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6132,no -10816-LEI-1,10816,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -10816-vitality-1,10816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -10816-LEI-2,10816,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7330,yes -10816-transmission-2,10816,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7330,yes -10816-domains_of_use-2,10816,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7330,yes -10816-speaker_number_trends-2,10816,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7330,yes -10816-vitality-2,10816,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7330,yes -10816-LEI-3,10816,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6132,no -10816-transmission-3,10816,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6132,no -10816-vitality-3,10816,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6132,no -10817-location-1,10817,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.011314, 167.26444]]}",,,bib395,yes -10817-speaker_number-1,10817,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10817-speakers-1,10817,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10817-LEI-1,10817,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10817-vitality-1,10817,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -1082-location-1,1082,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3644, 8.2397]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1082-location-2,1082,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Akamkpa LGA""}",,,bib980,no +1081-LEI-5,1081,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +1081-vitality-5,1081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +10810-location-1,10810,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Along the Wide Bay coast of East New Britain""}",,,bib3281,yes +10810-speaker_number-1,10810,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10810-speakers-1,10810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10810-LEI-1,10810,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10810-vitality-1,10810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10811-location-1,10811,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""south Rendova island""}",,,bib3281,yes +10811-speaker_number-1,10811,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10811-speakers-1,10811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10811-LEI-1,10811,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10811-vitality-1,10811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10812-location-1,10812,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rossell Island""}",,Off the southeastern tip of Papua New Guinea... 250 reef-ridden nautical miles from the Papua New Guinea mainland.,bib3281,yes +10812-speaker_number-1,10812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +10812-speakers-1,10812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes +10812-LEI-1,10812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +10812-vitality-1,10812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +10814-context-1,10814,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Lepo variety Kenyah, Kayan, Iban, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,,bib6933,yes +10814-location-1,10814,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Long San, Long Selaan, and Long Ikang""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.2974, 114.7831]]}",,,bib6933,yes +10814-speaker_number-1,10814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"It is difficult to measure precisely the number of Lebo' Vo' speakers. The communities of Long San, Long Ikang, and Long Selaan have 100-200 residents each, with a number of speakers living permanently in the coastal town of Miri. In all, however, there are certainly fewer than 1,000 speakers.",bib6933,yes +10814-speakers-1,10814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"It is difficult to measure precisely the number of Lebo' Vo' speakers. The communities of Long San, Long Ikang, and Long Selaan have 100-200 residents each, with a number of speakers living permanently in the coastal town of Miri. In all, however, there are certainly fewer than 1,000 speakers.",bib6933,yes +10814-LEI-1,10814,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6933,yes +10814-transmission-1,10814,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6933,yes +10814-domains_of_use-1,10814,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6933,yes +10814-speaker_number_trends-1,10814,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6933,yes +10814-vitality-1,10814,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Vitality signs vary greatly between families who live in the community and families who have moved to Miri. In Long San itself, children are still learning the language, but it is important to note that there are far fewer children overall living in the community than there once were. Most children being born to Kenyah parents are being raised in the city, where Malay is ultimately the language of wider communication.",bib6933,yes +10816-context-1,10816,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Vanuatu National Language Policy (2012)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is some enthusiasm for teaching Ahamb via formal education. Elders are seen as real speakers, while younger people lack confidence and so are less likely to use and pass on the language. Bislama is used in religious services, partially to avoid alienating non-Ahamb speakers, though a Bible translation could be well-received. Literacy in Bislama, English and French is seen as a key to employment""}",,"Migration for work and to avoid environmental risks, and proximity to other ethnicities in neighboring villages, promotes multilingualism. Bislama is used on social media and texting. Marriage partners from other regions tend to communicate in Bislama. There is an Ahamb-medium preschool, but continuing education is in Bislama and sometimes English or French. Ahamb-language materials are mainly religious or educational. Indigenous language-medium schooling is permitted for first three years of schooling, but Ahamb has not been supported among the numerous other indigenous languages due to a relatively small population.",bib7354,yes +10816-context-2,10816,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade, government, education, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Virtually all speakers of Ahamb are bilingual in Ahamb and Bislama (a dialect of Melanesian Creole), the national language of Vanuatu. Some Ahamb speakers also speak English. French is not commonly spoken. Bislama is the more prestigious language and the language of choice for trade and communication with the authorities and people from other language areas. It is also the more common language for church services. Bislama and English are used in teaching at the local primary and secondary schools. Ahamb is mostly used at home and for everyday purposes and sometimes for custom ceremonies. Ahamb borrows heavily from Bislama and code switching is common.",bib6156,no +10816-location-1,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.487266, 167.664068]]}",,,bib396,no +10816-location-2,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Ahamb Island, Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.517, 167.652]]}",,,bib7354,yes +10816-location-3,10816,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken \""primarily on the small low-lying Ahamb island (covering only 0.3 sq km) off the south coast of Malekula.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.516381, 167.649982]]}",,,bib6156,no +10816-speaker_number-1,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +10816-speakers-1,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +10816-speaker_number-2,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7354,yes +10816-speakers-2,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""968"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7354,yes +10816-speaker_number-3,10816,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6156,no +10816-speakers-3,10816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6156,no +10816-LEI-1,10816,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +10816-vitality-1,10816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +10816-LEI-2,10816,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7354,yes +10816-transmission-2,10816,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7354,yes +10816-domains_of_use-2,10816,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7354,yes +10816-speaker_number_trends-2,10816,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7354,yes +10816-vitality-2,10816,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 5-6a,bib7354,yes +10816-LEI-3,10816,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6156,no +10816-transmission-3,10816,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6156,no +10816-vitality-3,10816,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although it is passed to virtually all children living on Ahamb island, the language is considered endangered due to Bislama being the dominant and more prestigious language and the limited domains, in which Ahamb is used. Other socioeconomic factors that contribute to Ahamb’s endangerment status include migration due to climate change (more frequent and severe storms and cyclones and the resulting erosion), overpopulation and the general effects of globalisation.",bib6156,no +10817-location-1,10817,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.011314, 167.26444]]}",,,bib396,yes +10817-speaker_number-1,10817,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10817-speakers-1,10817,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10817-LEI-1,10817,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10817-vitality-1,10817,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +1082-location-1,1082,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3644, 8.2397]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1082-location-2,1082,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Akamkpa LGA""}",,,bib984,no 1082-location-3,1082,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -1082-speaker_number-1,1082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1082-speakers-1,1082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,416"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +1082-speaker_number-1,1082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1082-speakers-1,1082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,416"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 1082-speaker_number-3,1082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1082-speakers-3,1082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1082-LEI-1,1082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1082-vitality-1,1082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +1082-LEI-1,1082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1082-vitality-1,1082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 1082-LEI-2,1082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1082-vitality-2,1082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -10820-location-1,10820,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi, Lamen"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.583371, 168.133733]]}",,,bib395,yes -10820-speaker_number-1,10820,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10820-speakers-1,10820,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10820-LEI-1,10820,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10820-vitality-1,10820,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10821-location-1,10821,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Aneityum"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.176517, 169.813967]]}",,,bib395,yes -10821-speaker_number-1,10821,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10821-speakers-1,10821,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10821-LEI-1,10821,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10821-vitality-1,10821,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10822-location-1,10822,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Torres Islands (Lo, Toga, Tegua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.348755, 166.641462]]}",,,bib395,yes -10822-speaker_number-1,10822,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10822-speakers-1,10822,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10822-LEI-1,10822,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10822-vitality-1,10822,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10824-location-1,10824,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.214274, 167.563977]]}",,,bib395,yes -10824-speaker_number-1,10824,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -10824-speakers-1,10824,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -10824-LEI-1,10824,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -10824-vitality-1,10824,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -10829-context-1,10829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian; Siberian Yupik""}",,Speakers shifted to Siberian Yupik in the mid-20th century but still maintain a distinct identity as Sirenikski.,bib7502,yes -10829-location-1,10829,location,"{""Places"": [""Sirenik, Imtuk, and several smaller villages along southeastern coast of Chukotka""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.416667, -173.95]]}",,,bib7502,yes -10829-LEI-1,10829,LEI,Dormant (),,The language is no longer spoken.,bib7502,yes -10829-vitality-1,10829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,The language is no longer spoken.,bib7502,yes -10832-location-1,10832,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Tripolitania region.""}",,"...formerly resident in the cities of Tripoli and Benghazi as well as the surrounding villages. ...Today, the entire Libyan Jewish community has migrated from Libya.",bib3728,yes -10832-location-2,10832,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya, Israel""]}",,,bib3202,no -10832-speaker_number-1,10832,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 67,400",bib3728,yes -10832-speakers-1,10832,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""67,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 67,400",bib3728,yes -10832-speaker_number-2,10832,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3202,no -10832-speakers-2,10832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3202,no -10832-LEI-1,10832,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -10832-vitality-1,10832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -10832-LEI-2,10832,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,no -10832-vitality-2,10832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,no -10833-location-1,10833,location,"{""Places"": [""Afganistan, Iran, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan""], ""Description"": ""Balkh, Khorasan, Khatlon, Bukhara, Qashqadarya, Samarqand, and Surkhandarya regions.""}",,"The largest single community of Central Arabic speakers, 5,159 out of a total ethnic population of 14,450, resides mainly in the south of Tajikistan, in the villages of Ayvaj, Shaartuz, Beshkent, Sayod, Kabodiyon, Hushadi, Panj, and Farhor. Smaller numbers have migrated to the cities of Dushanbe, Gissar, and Tursunzoda. ... there are reportedly still a few hundred elderly speakers of Arabic in Uzbekistan, in the villages of Jogari and ʿArabkhona near Bukhara, and in the village of Jeinau in the Qashqa Darya region, which are not mutually intelligible.",bib3728,no -10833-location-2,10833,location,"{""Description"": ""Uzbekistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[38.833333, 66.083333]]}",,,bib3202,yes -10833-speaker_number-1,10833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3202,yes -10833-speakers-1,10833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3202,yes -10833-LEI-2,10833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,yes -10833-vitality-2,10833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,yes -10834-location-1,10834,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""]}",,,bib3728,no -10834-location-2,10834,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco, Israel""]}",,,bib3202,yes -10834-speakers-1,10834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,180,000""}",,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,180,000, of which perhaps 2,500 reside in Morocco.",bib3728,no -10834-speaker_number-2,10834,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3202,yes -10834-speakers-2,10834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""258,930"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3202,yes -10834-LEI-1,10834,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,yes -10834-vitality-1,10834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,yes -10835-location-1,10835,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""Sad'dah and 'Amran governorates (16.985833,43.764444;15.646,43.929)"", ""Coordinates"": [[15.646, 43.929]]}",,"Between 1949 and 1950, the overwhelming majority of Yemen’s Jewish population, including the Jewish population of the cities of Sanaʿa, Radaʿa, and ʿAden, was transported to Israel. Until 2009, the remainder resided in various villages in the far northern part of Yemen, in Saʿdah and ʿAmran governorates. As a consequence of the deteriorating security situation in North Yemen due to the Houthi Rebellion (from 2004) and the Yemen Crisis (2011–present), the Yemeni government relocated the remaining Jews of Saʿdah to the neighbourhood of “Tourist City” in the capital, adjacent to the American embassy; these have subsequently emigrated to Israel and upstate New York.",bib3728,yes -10835-location-2,10835,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Israel""]}",,,bib3202,no -10835-speaker_number-1,10835,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are perhaps 51,000 speakers of Judeo-Yemeni Arabic remaining in all countries.",bib3728,yes -10835-speakers-1,10835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are perhaps 51,000 speakers of Judeo-Yemeni Arabic remaining in all countries.",bib3728,yes -10835-speaker_number-2,10835,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3202,no -10835-speakers-2,10835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3202,no -10835-LEI-1,10835,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -10835-vitality-1,10835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -10835-LEI-2,10835,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,no -10835-vitality-2,10835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,no -10836-location-1,10836,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.113056, 15.049167]]}",,,bib3202,no -10836-speaker_number-1,10836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"With only 3,940 speakers, the Babalia Creole Arabic of Chad is nearly extinct.",bib3728,yes -10836-speakers-1,10836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"With only 3,940 speakers, the Babalia Creole Arabic of Chad is nearly extinct.",bib3728,yes -10836-speaker_number-2,10836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3202,no -10836-speakers-2,10836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3202,no -10836-LEI-1,10836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -10836-vitality-1,10836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -10836-LEI-2,10836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3202,no -10836-vitality-2,10836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3202,no -10837-context-1,10837,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Israeli Hebrew""}",,,bib3728,no -10837-location-1,10837,location,"{""Places"": [""Egypt""]}",,,bib3728,no -10838-context-1,10838,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Syrian""}",,,bib3728,no -10838-location-1,10838,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""\u015e\u0131rnak, Mardin, and Siirt provinces.""}",,,bib3728,no -10838-location-2,10838,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""]}",,,bib7571,yes -10838-speaker_number-2,10838,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7571,yes -10838-speakers-2,10838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7571,yes -10838-LEI-1,10838,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7571,yes -10838-vitality-1,10838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7571,yes -10839-location-1,10839,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""Sad'dah governorate""}",,"ten small tribes in the mountains fifty kilometers west of Saʿdah, in the heart of the region where the language traditionally designated as “Ḥimyaritic” was formerly spoken.",bib3728,yes -10839-location-2,10839,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""]}",,,bib3202,no -10839-location-3,10839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.911667, 43.281111]]}",,,bib7727,no -10839-speaker_number-1,10839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There were 24,000 inhabitants in Razih according to the 1975 census, the first and likely most accurate national census (Weir 2009).",bib3728,yes -10839-speakers-1,10839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There were 24,000 inhabitants in Razih according to the 1975 census, the first and likely most accurate national census (Weir 2009).",bib3728,yes -10839-LEI-1,10839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -10839-vitality-1,10839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -10840-location-1,10840,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Iran""]}",,,bib1126,yes -10840-speaker_number-1,10840,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Garma'i dialect has 2 speakers in their twenties and 8 in their thirties. Only two families speak the Garma'i dialect at home. The Iraji dialect has about 6 individuals who remember the language but do not speak it.,bib1126,yes -10840-speakers-1,10840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The Garma'i dialect has 2 speakers in their twenties and 8 in their thirties. Only two families speak the Garma'i dialect at home. The Iraji dialect has about 6 individuals who remember the language but do not speak it.,bib1126,yes -10840-LEI-1,10840,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1126,yes -10840-transmission-1,10840,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1126,yes -10840-speaker_number_trends-1,10840,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1126,yes -10840-vitality-1,10840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1126,yes -10844-context-1,10844,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""Government agencies and public schools promote Spanish over Southern Tepehuan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Description and documentation is ongoing to train students and community members in linguistic & anthropological research methods, software, technology, and a growing corpus.""}",,Southeastern Tepehuan is the most documented including a limited reference grammar; Audam has very little published grammatical descriptions; Central Tepehuan lacks any published documentation.,bib2525,yes -10844-context-2,10844,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Almost all speakers of Tepehuan speak Spanish, but with different degrees of competence. This has resulted in a diglossic situation, where Spanish is the high prestige language and [STP] is the low one.""}",,"[STP] is spoken in different contexts within the community such as family, religious ritual, and traditional government events... [it] is commonly spoken in informal (i.e., family) and formal contexts (i.e., ceremonies and traditional government events).",bib6468,no -10844-location-1,10844,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.26, -104.69], [23.16, -103.98], [19.23, -101.73]]}",,,bib3264,no -10844-location-2,10844,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Tepehuan is spoken primarily in Durango and Nayarit States in Mexico. Most speakers live in Mezquital and Pueblo Nuevo, in the Gran Nayar of Sierra Madre Occidental, in Durango State. The Southeastern variety is spoken in Santa Mar\u00eda de Ocot\u00e1n (Jukt\u0268r), Santiago Teneraca (Chianarkam), San Francisco de Ocot\u00e1n (Koxbilhim), Xoconoxtle (Nakaabtam), and their associated anexos. The Central variety is spoken in Santa Mar\u00eda Magdalena de Taxicaringa and its anexos. The Southwestern variety is spoken in San Bernardino Milpillas Chico, San Francisco de Lajas (Aicham) and San Andr\u00e9s Milpillas Grande, and their\nanexos.""], ""Coordinates"": [[22.921014, -104.609572]]}",,,bib2525,yes -10844-location-3,10844,location,"{""Places"": [""Durango""], ""Description"": ""Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.4120847, -100.9430248]]}",,"[STP] is spoken in the region of Durango, Mexico (22°59' N Latitude, 104°31' W Longitude), principally in the towns of Santa María Ocotán, Xonocostle, and Mezquital.",bib6468,no -10844-speaker_number-1,10844,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers.,bib2525,yes -10844-speakers-1,10844,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,543"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers.,bib2525,yes -10844-speaker_number-2,10844,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states.",bib6468,no -10844-speakers-2,10844,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,917"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states.",bib6468,no -10844-LEI-1,10844,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2525,yes -10844-transmission-1,10844,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2525,yes -10844-domains_of_use-1,10844,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2525,yes -10844-speaker_number_trends-1,10844,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2525,yes -10844-vitality-1,10844,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2525,yes -10844-LEI-2,10844,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6468,no -10844-vitality-2,10844,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6468,no -10845-location-1,10845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.43, -107.38]]}",,,bib3264,no -10845-location-2,10845,location,"{""Places"": [""Chihuahua""], ""Description"": ""Northern Mexico""}",,The Tepehuan live scattered around a large area of the Sierra Madre Occidental where Chihuahua borders Sinaloa and Durango.,bib739,yes -10845-speaker_number-1,10845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib739,yes -10845-speakers-1,10845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib739,yes -10845-LEI-1,10845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib739,yes -10845-vitality-1,10845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib739,yes -10847-location-1,10847,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Isfahan Province""}",,"Together with Gazi (q.v.), Judeo-Isfahani (q.v.), and Segzi, Sedehi belongs to the southwestern or Isfahani sub-group within the Central Plateau dialects.",bib3728,yes -10847-speaker_number-1,10847,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 2006, Khomeinishahr had 218,737; the number of speakers of Sedehi is unknown.",bib3728,yes -10847-speakers-1,10847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 2006, Khomeinishahr had 218,737; the number of speakers of Sedehi is unknown.",bib3728,yes -10847-LEI-1,10847,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Threatened.,bib3728,yes -10847-vitality-1,10847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Threatened.,bib3728,yes +10820-location-1,10820,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi, Lamen"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.583371, 168.133733]]}",,,bib396,yes +10820-speaker_number-1,10820,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10820-speakers-1,10820,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10820-LEI-1,10820,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10820-vitality-1,10820,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10821-location-1,10821,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Aneityum"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.176517, 169.813967]]}",,,bib396,yes +10821-speaker_number-1,10821,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10821-speakers-1,10821,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10821-LEI-1,10821,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10821-vitality-1,10821,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10822-location-1,10822,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Torres Islands (Lo, Toga, Tegua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.348755, 166.641462]]}",,,bib396,yes +10822-speaker_number-1,10822,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10822-speakers-1,10822,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10822-LEI-1,10822,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10822-vitality-1,10822,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10824-location-1,10824,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.214274, 167.563977]]}",,,bib396,yes +10824-speaker_number-1,10824,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +10824-speakers-1,10824,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +10824-LEI-1,10824,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +10824-vitality-1,10824,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +10829-context-1,10829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian; Siberian Yupik""}",,Speakers shifted to Siberian Yupik in the mid-20th century but still maintain a distinct identity as Sirenikski.,bib7526,yes +10829-location-1,10829,location,"{""Places"": [""Sirenik, Imtuk, and several smaller villages along southeastern coast of Chukotka""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.416667, -173.95]]}",,,bib7526,yes +10829-LEI-1,10829,LEI,Dormant (),,The language is no longer spoken.,bib7526,yes +10829-vitality-1,10829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,The language is no longer spoken.,bib7526,yes +10832-location-1,10832,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Tripolitania region.""}",,"...formerly resident in the cities of Tripoli and Benghazi as well as the surrounding villages. ...Today, the entire Libyan Jewish community has migrated from Libya.",bib3747,yes +10832-location-2,10832,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya, Israel""]}",,,bib3217,no +10832-speaker_number-1,10832,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 67,400",bib3747,yes +10832-speakers-1,10832,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""67,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 67,400",bib3747,yes +10832-speaker_number-2,10832,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3217,no +10832-speakers-2,10832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3217,no +10832-LEI-1,10832,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +10832-vitality-1,10832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +10832-LEI-2,10832,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,no +10832-vitality-2,10832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,no +10833-location-1,10833,location,"{""Places"": [""Afganistan, Iran, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan""], ""Description"": ""Balkh, Khorasan, Khatlon, Bukhara, Qashqadarya, Samarqand, and Surkhandarya regions.""}",,"The largest single community of Central Arabic speakers, 5,159 out of a total ethnic population of 14,450, resides mainly in the south of Tajikistan, in the villages of Ayvaj, Shaartuz, Beshkent, Sayod, Kabodiyon, Hushadi, Panj, and Farhor. Smaller numbers have migrated to the cities of Dushanbe, Gissar, and Tursunzoda. ... there are reportedly still a few hundred elderly speakers of Arabic in Uzbekistan, in the villages of Jogari and ʿArabkhona near Bukhara, and in the village of Jeinau in the Qashqa Darya region, which are not mutually intelligible.",bib3747,no +10833-location-2,10833,location,"{""Description"": ""Uzbekistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[38.833333, 66.083333]]}",,,bib3217,yes +10833-speaker_number-1,10833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3217,yes +10833-speakers-1,10833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3217,yes +10833-LEI-2,10833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,yes +10833-vitality-2,10833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,yes +10834-location-1,10834,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""]}",,,bib3747,no +10834-location-2,10834,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco, Israel""]}",,,bib3217,yes +10834-speakers-1,10834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,180,000""}",,"Unknown number of speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,180,000, of which perhaps 2,500 reside in Morocco.",bib3747,no +10834-speaker_number-2,10834,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3217,yes +10834-speakers-2,10834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""258,930"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3217,yes +10834-LEI-1,10834,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,yes +10834-vitality-1,10834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,yes +10835-location-1,10835,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""Sad'dah and 'Amran governorates (16.985833,43.764444;15.646,43.929)"", ""Coordinates"": [[15.646, 43.929]]}",,"Between 1949 and 1950, the overwhelming majority of Yemen’s Jewish population, including the Jewish population of the cities of Sanaʿa, Radaʿa, and ʿAden, was transported to Israel. Until 2009, the remainder resided in various villages in the far northern part of Yemen, in Saʿdah and ʿAmran governorates. As a consequence of the deteriorating security situation in North Yemen due to the Houthi Rebellion (from 2004) and the Yemen Crisis (2011–present), the Yemeni government relocated the remaining Jews of Saʿdah to the neighbourhood of “Tourist City” in the capital, adjacent to the American embassy; these have subsequently emigrated to Israel and upstate New York.",bib3747,yes +10835-location-2,10835,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Israel""]}",,,bib3217,no +10835-speaker_number-1,10835,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are perhaps 51,000 speakers of Judeo-Yemeni Arabic remaining in all countries.",bib3747,yes +10835-speakers-1,10835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are perhaps 51,000 speakers of Judeo-Yemeni Arabic remaining in all countries.",bib3747,yes +10835-speaker_number-2,10835,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3217,no +10835-speakers-2,10835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3217,no +10835-LEI-1,10835,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +10835-vitality-1,10835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +10835-LEI-2,10835,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,no +10835-vitality-2,10835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,no +10836-location-1,10836,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.113056, 15.049167]]}",,,bib3217,no +10836-speaker_number-1,10836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"With only 3,940 speakers, the Babalia Creole Arabic of Chad is nearly extinct.",bib3747,yes +10836-speakers-1,10836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"With only 3,940 speakers, the Babalia Creole Arabic of Chad is nearly extinct.",bib3747,yes +10836-speaker_number-2,10836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3217,no +10836-speakers-2,10836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3217,no +10836-LEI-1,10836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +10836-vitality-1,10836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +10836-LEI-2,10836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3217,no +10836-vitality-2,10836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3217,no +10837-context-1,10837,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Israeli Hebrew""}",,,bib3747,no +10837-location-1,10837,location,"{""Places"": [""Egypt""]}",,,bib3747,no +10838-context-1,10838,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Syrian""}",,,bib3747,no +10838-location-1,10838,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""\u015e\u0131rnak, Mardin, and Siirt provinces.""}",,,bib3747,no +10838-location-2,10838,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""]}",,,bib7596,yes +10838-speaker_number-2,10838,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7596,yes +10838-speakers-2,10838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7596,yes +10838-LEI-1,10838,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7596,yes +10838-vitality-1,10838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7596,yes +10839-location-1,10839,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""Sad'dah governorate""}",,"ten small tribes in the mountains fifty kilometers west of Saʿdah, in the heart of the region where the language traditionally designated as “Ḥimyaritic” was formerly spoken.",bib3747,yes +10839-location-2,10839,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen""]}",,,bib3217,no +10839-location-3,10839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.911667, 43.281111]]}",,,bib7752,no +10839-speaker_number-1,10839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There were 24,000 inhabitants in Razih according to the 1975 census, the first and likely most accurate national census (Weir 2009).",bib3747,yes +10839-speakers-1,10839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There were 24,000 inhabitants in Razih according to the 1975 census, the first and likely most accurate national census (Weir 2009).",bib3747,yes +10839-LEI-1,10839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +10839-vitality-1,10839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +10840-location-1,10840,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Iran""]}",,,bib1135,yes +10840-speaker_number-1,10840,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Garma'i dialect has 2 speakers in their twenties and 8 in their thirties. Only two families speak the Garma'i dialect at home. The Iraji dialect has about 6 individuals who remember the language but do not speak it.,bib1135,yes +10840-speakers-1,10840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The Garma'i dialect has 2 speakers in their twenties and 8 in their thirties. Only two families speak the Garma'i dialect at home. The Iraji dialect has about 6 individuals who remember the language but do not speak it.,bib1135,yes +10840-LEI-1,10840,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1135,yes +10840-transmission-1,10840,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1135,yes +10840-speaker_number_trends-1,10840,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1135,yes +10840-vitality-1,10840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1135,yes +10844-context-1,10844,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""Government agencies and public schools promote Spanish over Southern Tepehuan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Description and documentation is ongoing to train students and community members in linguistic & anthropological research methods, software, technology, and a growing corpus.""}",,Southeastern Tepehuan is the most documented including a limited reference grammar; Audam has very little published grammatical descriptions; Central Tepehuan lacks any published documentation.,bib2538,yes +10844-context-2,10844,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Almost all speakers of Tepehuan speak Spanish, but with different degrees of competence. This has resulted in a diglossic situation, where Spanish is the high prestige language and [STP] is the low one.""}",,"[STP] is spoken in different contexts within the community such as family, religious ritual, and traditional government events... [it] is commonly spoken in informal (i.e., family) and formal contexts (i.e., ceremonies and traditional government events).",bib6492,no +10844-location-1,10844,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.26, -104.69], [23.16, -103.98], [19.23, -101.73]]}",,,bib3280,no +10844-location-2,10844,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Tepehuan is spoken primarily in Durango and Nayarit States in Mexico. Most speakers live in Mezquital and Pueblo Nuevo, in the Gran Nayar of Sierra Madre Occidental, in Durango State. The Southeastern variety is spoken in Santa Mar\u00eda de Ocot\u00e1n (Jukt\u0268r), Santiago Teneraca (Chianarkam), San Francisco de Ocot\u00e1n (Koxbilhim), Xoconoxtle (Nakaabtam), and their associated anexos. The Central variety is spoken in Santa Mar\u00eda Magdalena de Taxicaringa and its anexos. The Southwestern variety is spoken in San Bernardino Milpillas Chico, San Francisco de Lajas (Aicham) and San Andr\u00e9s Milpillas Grande, and their\nanexos.""], ""Coordinates"": [[22.921014, -104.609572]]}",,,bib2538,yes +10844-location-3,10844,location,"{""Places"": [""Durango""], ""Description"": ""Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.4120847, -100.9430248]]}",,"[STP] is spoken in the region of Durango, Mexico (22°59' N Latitude, 104°31' W Longitude), principally in the towns of Santa María Ocotán, Xonocostle, and Mezquital.",bib6492,no +10844-speaker_number-1,10844,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers.,bib2538,yes +10844-speakers-1,10844,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,543"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers.,bib2538,yes +10844-speaker_number-2,10844,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states.",bib6492,no +10844-speakers-2,10844,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,917"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states.",bib6492,no +10844-LEI-1,10844,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2538,yes +10844-transmission-1,10844,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2538,yes +10844-domains_of_use-1,10844,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2538,yes +10844-speaker_number_trends-1,10844,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2538,yes +10844-vitality-1,10844,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.",bib2538,yes +10844-LEI-2,10844,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6492,no +10844-vitality-2,10844,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6492,no +10845-location-1,10845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.43, -107.38]]}",,,bib3280,no +10845-location-2,10845,location,"{""Places"": [""Chihuahua""], ""Description"": ""Northern Mexico""}",,The Tepehuan live scattered around a large area of the Sierra Madre Occidental where Chihuahua borders Sinaloa and Durango.,bib743,yes +10845-speaker_number-1,10845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib743,yes +10845-speakers-1,10845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib743,yes +10845-LEI-1,10845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib743,yes +10845-vitality-1,10845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib743,yes +10847-location-1,10847,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Isfahan Province""}",,"Together with Gazi (q.v.), Judeo-Isfahani (q.v.), and Segzi, Sedehi belongs to the southwestern or Isfahani sub-group within the Central Plateau dialects.",bib3747,yes +10847-speaker_number-1,10847,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 2006, Khomeinishahr had 218,737; the number of speakers of Sedehi is unknown.",bib3747,yes +10847-speakers-1,10847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 2006, Khomeinishahr had 218,737; the number of speakers of Sedehi is unknown.",bib3747,yes +10847-LEI-1,10847,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Threatened.,bib3747,yes +10847-vitality-1,10847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Threatened.,bib3747,yes 10851-context-1,10851,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive in most places; negative in others.""}",,,bib71,yes 10851-location-1,10851,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador, Colombia, Peru""]}",,,bib71,yes 10851-speaker_number-1,10851,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguishes several entities that are varieties of Highland Ecuadorian Quichua: @@ -4692,101 +4692,122 @@ Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua [qvm]: ""developing""; vigorous",bib71,yes 10853-speakers-1,10853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0 ?""}",,Probably dormant (no known native speakers)?,bib307,yes 10853-LEI-1,10853,LEI,Dormant (),,Probably no native speakers (dormant).,bib307,yes 10853-vitality-1,10853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Probably no native speakers (dormant).,bib307,yes -10854-context-1,10854,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6791,yes -10854-location-1,10854,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Apurí, Madeán, and Viñac; Azángaro, Chocos, and Huangáscar; Lincha and Tana; Cacra and Hongos; and San Pedro",bib6791,yes -10854-speaker_number-1,10854,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65",bib6791,yes -10854-speakers-1,10854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65",bib6791,yes -10854-LEI-1,10854,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6791,yes -10854-transmission-1,10854,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6791,yes -10854-domains_of_use-1,10854,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6791,yes -10854-speaker_number_trends-1,10854,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6791,yes -10854-vitality-1,10854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6791,yes -10855-context-1,10855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6791,yes -10855-location-1,10855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Alis, Vitis, Tomas, Huancaya",bib6791,yes -10855-speakers-1,10855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib6791,yes -10855-LEI-1,10855,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6791,yes -10855-vitality-1,10855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6791,yes -10856-context-1,10856,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7366,no +10854-context-1,10854,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6815,yes +10854-location-1,10854,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Apurí, Madeán, and Viñac; Azángaro, Chocos, and Huangáscar; Lincha and Tana; Cacra and Hongos; and San Pedro",bib6815,yes +10854-speaker_number-1,10854,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65",bib6815,yes +10854-speakers-1,10854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65",bib6815,yes +10854-LEI-1,10854,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6815,yes +10854-transmission-1,10854,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6815,yes +10854-domains_of_use-1,10854,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6815,yes +10854-speaker_number_trends-1,10854,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6815,yes +10854-vitality-1,10854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65. Currently, there are a few children – those who live with their grandmothers or great-grandmothers in the most isolated hamlets – with a passive knowledge of the language. The youngest speakers, however, are in their late thirties.",bib6815,yes +10855-context-1,10855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6815,yes +10855-location-1,10855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Alis, Vitis, Tomas, Huancaya",bib6815,yes +10855-speakers-1,10855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib6815,yes +10855-LEI-1,10855,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6815,yes +10855-vitality-1,10855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6815,yes +10856-context-1,10856,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7390,no 10856-context-2,10856,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib306,yes -10856-location-1,10856,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"It comprises (part of) the Upper Huallaga Valley, the area of the city of the Huánuco (close to the tropical lowlands), Ambo and Pachitea (capital Panao).",bib7366,no +10856-location-1,10856,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"It comprises (part of) the Upper Huallaga Valley, the area of the city of the Huánuco (close to the tropical lowlands), Ambo and Pachitea (capital Panao).",bib7390,no 10856-location-2,10856,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Alto Huallaga comprises (part of) the Upper Huallaga Valley, the area of the city of the Huánuco (close to the tropical lowlands), Ambo and Pachitea (capital Panao). Alto Huallaga is the Quechua studied by David Weber. Note that the uppermost section of the Huallaga valley is situated in the department of Pasco, which corresponds to the northern Yaru dialects and thus does not belong to the Alto Huallaga variety of Quechua.",bib306,yes -10858-location-1,10858,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,,bib6916,yes -10858-speakers-1,10858,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,"The last fluent speakers of Natchez passed away in the 1960s, but the Natchez Nation is now working to revive the language.",bib6916,yes -10858-LEI-1,10858,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6916,yes -10858-vitality-1,10858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6916,yes -10860-context-1,10860,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malayalam; English""}",,All speakers are also fluent in both Malayalam and in English.,bib1493,yes -10860-location-1,10860,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.864854, 75.369846]]}",,,bib1493,yes -10860-speaker_number-1,10860,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are four speakers of the Cannanore variety and one speaker of the Calicut variety. The last speaker of Cochin passed away in 2010.,bib1493,yes -10860-speakers-1,10860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,There are four speakers of the Cannanore variety and one speaker of the Calicut variety. The last speaker of Cochin passed away in 2010.,bib1493,yes -10860-LEI-1,10860,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1493,yes -10860-transmission-1,10860,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1493,yes -10860-domains_of_use-1,10860,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1493,yes -10860-speaker_number_trends-1,10860,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1493,yes -10860-vitality-1,10860,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1493,yes +10858-location-1,10858,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,,bib6940,yes +10858-speakers-1,10858,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,"The last fluent speakers of Natchez passed away in the 1960s, but the Natchez Nation is now working to revive the language.",bib6940,yes +10858-LEI-1,10858,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6940,yes +10858-vitality-1,10858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6940,yes +10859-context-1,10859,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2723,yes +10859-location-1,10859,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.043946, -118.916536]]}",,,bib2723,yes +10859-speakers-1,10859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"With the Opening of the Šmuwič Language School in the Spring of 2010 at Wishtoyo’s Chumash Village, Chumash Elders Johnny Moreno and Deborah Sanchez have dedicated their lives to “reawakening our memory” by keeping the sounds of the Šmuwič language present. Under their leadership and guidance current and future generations of Chumash will learn the Šmuwič/Barbareño language. The primary goal of Wishtoyo's Šmuwič Language School is to provide an avenue of practice and preservation of the Šmuwič language through songs and stories that can be shared with all Chumash tribal groups.",bib2723,yes +10859-LEI-1,10859,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2723,yes +10859-vitality-1,10859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2723,yes +10860-context-1,10860,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malayalam; English""}",,All speakers are also fluent in both Malayalam and in English.,bib1505,yes +10860-location-1,10860,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.864854, 75.369846]]}",,,bib1505,yes +10860-speaker_number-1,10860,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are four speakers of the Cannanore variety and one speaker of the Calicut variety. The last speaker of Cochin passed away in 2010.,bib1505,yes +10860-speakers-1,10860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,There are four speakers of the Cannanore variety and one speaker of the Calicut variety. The last speaker of Cochin passed away in 2010.,bib1505,yes +10860-LEI-1,10860,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1505,yes +10860-transmission-1,10860,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1505,yes +10860-domains_of_use-1,10860,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1505,yes +10860-speaker_number_trends-1,10860,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1505,yes +10860-vitality-1,10860,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Because of the limited number of speakers, Malabar Creole is not used in daily life except between two sisters who both speak the language and who live together. All other speakers are the sole speakers of Malabar Creole in their households and are therefore unable to use it. Interviews conducted with speakers since 2006 reveal great nostalgia for the loss of the language and for a period in their young age in which it was still vital in the family.",bib1505,yes 10861-LEI-1,10861,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib334,yes 10861-vitality-1,10861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib334,yes -10869-context-1,10869,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Revitalization efforts initiated in 2009.""}",,,bib2622,yes -10869-location-1,10869,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.517, -8.683]]}",,,bib2622,yes -10869-speaker_number-1,10869,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Approximately 1000 passive speakers. ""Minderico is now actively spoken by 150 speakers, but only 23 of them are fluent speakers. More than half of the fluent speakers are new speakers of the language.""",bib2622,yes -10869-speakers-1,10869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1000""}",,"Approximately 1000 passive speakers. ""Minderico is now actively spoken by 150 speakers, but only 23 of them are fluent speakers. More than half of the fluent speakers are new speakers of the language.""",bib2622,yes -10869-LEI-1,10869,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2622,yes -10869-transmission-1,10869,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2622,yes -10869-domains_of_use-1,10869,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2622,yes -10869-speaker_number_trends-1,10869,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2622,yes -10869-vitality-1,10869,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2622,yes -10872-location-1,10872,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Sierra Madre""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca, Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.53, -97.5]]}",,,bib1443,yes -10872-speaker_number-1,10872,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1443,yes -10872-speakers-1,10872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1443,yes -10872-LEI-1,10872,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1443,yes -10872-vitality-1,10872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1443,yes +10869-context-1,10869,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Revitalization efforts initiated in 2009.""}",,,bib2635,yes +10869-location-1,10869,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.517, -8.683]]}",,,bib2635,yes +10869-speaker_number-1,10869,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Approximately 1000 passive speakers. ""Minderico is now actively spoken by 150 speakers, but only 23 of them are fluent speakers. More than half of the fluent speakers are new speakers of the language.""",bib2635,yes +10869-speakers-1,10869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1000""}",,"Approximately 1000 passive speakers. ""Minderico is now actively spoken by 150 speakers, but only 23 of them are fluent speakers. More than half of the fluent speakers are new speakers of the language.""",bib2635,yes +10869-LEI-1,10869,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2635,yes +10869-transmission-1,10869,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2635,yes +10869-domains_of_use-1,10869,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2635,yes +10869-speaker_number_trends-1,10869,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2635,yes +10869-vitality-1,10869,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2635,yes +10872-location-1,10872,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Sierra Madre""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca, Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.53, -97.5]]}",,,bib1455,yes +10872-speaker_number-1,10872,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1455,yes +10872-speakers-1,10872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1455,yes +10872-LEI-1,10872,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1455,yes +10872-vitality-1,10872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1455,yes 10880-location-1,10880,location,"{""Places"": [""Tasmania""], ""Description"": ""Australia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-42.8788412, 147.3217322]]}",,"Location is set to the Tasmanian Aboriginal Corporation location in Hobart, Tasmania.",bib159,yes 10880-speakers-1,10880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"As a reclaimed language, there are no native speakers.",bib159,yes 10880-LEI-1,10880,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib159,yes 10880-vitality-1,10880,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib159,yes -10888-location-1,10888,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.46, 118.726667]]}",,,bib1061,yes -10888-speaker_number-1,10888,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1061,yes -10888-speakers-1,10888,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000 (1989)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1061,yes -10888-LEI-1,10888,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1061,yes -10888-vitality-1,10888,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1061,yes -10889-context-1,10889,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""'the language is less subject to external influences, and kinship ties and\ntraditional life are still strongly maintained'""}",,,bib7918,yes -10889-location-1,10889,location,"{""Places"": [""the north-west of Lake Toba"", ""Karo regency, Kabupatens Langkat and Deli-Serdang, North Sumtra, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.141907, 98.227524], [3.341581, 98.337405], [3.170928, 98.699262]]}",,,bib7918,yes -10889-speaker_number-1,10889,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7918,yes -10889-speakers-1,10889,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""570, 000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""570,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7918,yes -10889-LEI-1,10889,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7918,yes -10889-vitality-1,10889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7918,yes -10890-context-1,10890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are proud that their children still learn Paluai.""}",,"There are two languages spoken on Baluan Island: Paluai and Titan. Titan is spoken in Mouk village. Tok Pisin is acquired by Paluai speakers from birth, and they are introduced to English in primary school. There are also populations of expatriate Paluai speakers. For these speakers, there is more pressure to speaker Tok Pisin and English. Older members of the Paluai-speaking community may have at least a passive command of Titan, Lou, or both.",bib6626,no -10890-context-2,10890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Children grow up with bilingual acquisition of Paluai and Tok Pisin; both children and adults codeswitch and borrow frequently.""}",,"Education is carried out in Tok Pisin through Grade 2, then in English thereafter. Christian activities are carried out in Tok Pisin and sometimes Paluai. Traditional knowledge such as particular chants and kinship connections are beginning to be lost as elders pass on without imparting full knowledge to younger speakers.",bib6627,yes -10890-location-1,10890,location,"{""Description"": ""Paluai is spoken on Baluan Island in the Manus Province of Papua New Guinea. Baluan Island is located north-east of the PNG mainland and just south-east of Manus Island, the main island of Manus Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.559112, 147.281946], [-2.49597, 147.338803]]}",,"Baluan is a small, low island only 5km in diameter. It's highest point is 230 m, which is the rim of an inactive volcanic crater. Some areas of the island have been cleared for farming, but much of it remains densely forested. There are many reefs and small, uninhabited islets surrounding the island. There are no sources of freshwater.",bib6626,no -10890-speaker_number-1,10890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6626,no -10890-speakers-1,10890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000 - 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6626,no -10890-speaker_number-2,10890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6627,yes -10890-speakers-2,10890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6627,yes -10890-LEI-1,10890,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6626,no -10890-transmission-1,10890,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6626,no -10890-domains_of_use-1,10890,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6626,no -10890-speaker_number_trends-1,10890,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6626,no -10890-vitality-1,10890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6626,no -10890-LEI-2,10890,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6627,yes -10890-transmission-2,10890,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6627,yes -10890-domains_of_use-2,10890,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6627,yes -10890-speaker_number_trends-2,10890,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6627,yes -10890-vitality-2,10890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6627,yes -10891-location-1,10891,location,"{""Places"": [""The islands of Bonerate , Karompa , and the eastern part of the Kalao\nIslands in Kabupaten Selayar .""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.322884, 121.09935], [-7.312572, 121.046704]]}",,,bib3067,yes -10891-speaker_number-1,10891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The source only mentions the number of speakers of Muna-Buton stock as a whole which is about 3,000 - 5,000 speakers. It does not mention the number of speakers of Bonerate specifically.",bib3067,yes -10891-speakers-1,10891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The source only mentions the number of speakers of Muna-Buton stock as a whole which is about 3,000 - 5,000 speakers. It does not mention the number of speakers of Bonerate specifically.",bib3067,yes -10891-LEI-1,10891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3067,yes -10891-vitality-1,10891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3067,yes +10888-location-1,10888,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.46, 118.726667]]}",,,bib1065,yes +10888-speaker_number-1,10888,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1065,yes +10888-speakers-1,10888,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000 (1989)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1065,yes +10888-LEI-1,10888,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1065,yes +10888-vitality-1,10888,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1065,yes +10889-context-1,10889,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""'the language is less subject to external influences, and kinship ties and\ntraditional life are still strongly maintained'""}",,,bib7943,yes +10889-location-1,10889,location,"{""Places"": [""the north-west of Lake Toba"", ""Karo regency, Kabupatens Langkat and Deli-Serdang, North Sumtra, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.141907, 98.227524], [3.341581, 98.337405], [3.170928, 98.699262]]}",,,bib7943,yes +10889-speaker_number-1,10889,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7943,yes +10889-speakers-1,10889,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""570, 000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""570,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7943,yes +10889-LEI-1,10889,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7943,yes +10889-vitality-1,10889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7943,yes +10890-context-1,10890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers are proud that their children still learn Paluai.""}",,"There are two languages spoken on Baluan Island: Paluai and Titan. Titan is spoken in Mouk village. Tok Pisin is acquired by Paluai speakers from birth, and they are introduced to English in primary school. There are also populations of expatriate Paluai speakers. For these speakers, there is more pressure to speaker Tok Pisin and English. Older members of the Paluai-speaking community may have at least a passive command of Titan, Lou, or both.",bib6650,no +10890-context-2,10890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Children grow up with bilingual acquisition of Paluai and Tok Pisin; both children and adults codeswitch and borrow frequently.""}",,"Education is carried out in Tok Pisin through Grade 2, then in English thereafter. Christian activities are carried out in Tok Pisin and sometimes Paluai. Traditional knowledge such as particular chants and kinship connections are beginning to be lost as elders pass on without imparting full knowledge to younger speakers.",bib6651,yes +10890-location-1,10890,location,"{""Description"": ""Paluai is spoken on Baluan Island in the Manus Province of Papua New Guinea. Baluan Island is located north-east of the PNG mainland and just south-east of Manus Island, the main island of Manus Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.559112, 147.281946], [-2.49597, 147.338803]]}",,"Baluan is a small, low island only 5km in diameter. It's highest point is 230 m, which is the rim of an inactive volcanic crater. Some areas of the island have been cleared for farming, but much of it remains densely forested. There are many reefs and small, uninhabited islets surrounding the island. There are no sources of freshwater.",bib6650,no +10890-speaker_number-1,10890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6650,no +10890-speakers-1,10890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000 - 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6650,no +10890-speaker_number-2,10890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6651,yes +10890-speakers-2,10890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6651,yes +10890-LEI-1,10890,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6650,no +10890-transmission-1,10890,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6650,no +10890-domains_of_use-1,10890,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6650,no +10890-speaker_number_trends-1,10890,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6650,no +10890-vitality-1,10890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is extensive cultural pressure to speak Tok Pisin and, to a lesser extent, English. While Tok Pisin is primarily a lingua franca between language groups in PNG, the language is entering into more domains. Often speakers of Paluai use Tok Pisin with each other and may use extensive code-switching and borrowing between the two languages. Specialized registers, such as traditional song genres, are being lost in Paluai. In school, while use of Paluai is encouraged, Tok Pisin is often the primary language used. English is introduced after grade 3.",bib6650,no +10890-LEI-2,10890,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6651,yes +10890-transmission-2,10890,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6651,yes +10890-domains_of_use-2,10890,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6651,yes +10890-speaker_number_trends-2,10890,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6651,yes +10890-vitality-2,10890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The lingua franca Tok Pisin is becoming more frequently spoken due to intergroup contact, education, and travel for work.",bib6651,yes +10891-location-1,10891,location,"{""Places"": [""The islands of Bonerate , Karompa , and the eastern part of the Kalao\nIslands in Kabupaten Selayar .""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.322884, 121.09935], [-7.312572, 121.046704]]}",,,bib3081,yes +10891-speaker_number-1,10891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The source only mentions the number of speakers of Muna-Buton stock as a whole which is about 3,000 - 5,000 speakers. It does not mention the number of speakers of Bonerate specifically.",bib3081,yes +10891-speakers-1,10891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The source only mentions the number of speakers of Muna-Buton stock as a whole which is about 3,000 - 5,000 speakers. It does not mention the number of speakers of Bonerate specifically.",bib3081,yes +10891-LEI-1,10891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3081,yes +10891-vitality-1,10891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3081,yes 10893-location-1,10893,location,"{""Places"": [""Ireland"", ""United Kingdom""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.178583, -7.556409], [55.290105, -4.26558]]}",,,bib66,yes 10893-speaker_number-1,10893,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib66,yes 10893-speakers-1,10893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib66,yes 10893-LEI-1,10893,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib66,yes 10893-vitality-1,10893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib66,yes -10900-location-1,10900,location,"{""Places"": [""Kikwit"", ""Bulumbu"", ""Mbelo"", ""Kisumba"", ""Kiyaka"", ""Mbushi"", ""Kabamba"", ""Kisala-Kafumba"", ""Kafumba in the Kipuka sector of Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""The climate of this region is wet tropical according to the K\u00f6ppen classification. It has a rainy season and a try season, the latter of which lasts about three months from about mid-May to mid-August. These are also the hottest months. The landscape has many hills and plateaus. There are forests as well as savannahs."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.054521, 18.781299]]}",,,bib3970,yes -10900-speaker_number-1,10900,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3970,yes -10900-speakers-1,10900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3970,yes -10900-LEI-1,10900,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nsong scores low on all nine UNESCO criteria for assessing language vitality and can therefore be considered severely endangered.,bib3970,yes -10900-vitality-1,10900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Nsong scores low on all nine UNESCO criteria for assessing language vitality and can therefore be considered severely endangered.,bib3970,yes +10894-context-1,10894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Development group""}",,Scots had a development group. There are some literature and periodicals in the languages. There is also a dictionary,bib66,yes +10894-location-1,10894,location,"{""Places"": [""Aberdeen City"", ""Aberdeenshire"", ""Angus, Argyll and Bute"", ""Scottish Borders, The county: Doric (northeast Scotland dialect)"", ""Clackmannanshire"", ""Dumfries and Galloway"", ""East Ayrshire"", ""East Dunbartonshire"", ""East Lothian"", ""East Renfrewshire"", ""Edinburgh, City of"", ""Falkirk"", ""Fife"", ""Glasgow City"", ""Highland"", ""Inverclyde"", ""Midlothian"", ""Moray"", ""North Ayrshire"", ""North Lanarkshire"", ""Orkney Islands"", ""Perth and Kinross"", ""Renfrewshire"", ""Shetland Islands"", ""South Ayrshire"", ""South Lanarkshire"", ""Stirling"", ""West Dunbartonshire"", ""West Lothian"", ""Lallans (south and central Scotland dialect)"", ""Northern Ireland (Ulster dialect): Antrim and Newtownabbey"", ""Ards and North Down"", ""Causeway Coast and Glens"", ""Derry City and Strabane"", ""Mid and East Antrim"", ""Mid-Ulster"", ""Newry, Mourne and Down""], ""Coordinates"": [[57.149, -2.094]]}",,,bib66,yes +10894-speaker_number-1,10894,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib66,yes +10894-speakers-1,10894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""89,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,500,000""}",,,bib66,yes +10894-LEI-1,10894,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib66,yes +10894-domains_of_use-1,10894,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib66,yes +10894-vitality-1,10894,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib66,yes +10899-context-1,10899,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Cameroon Pidgin English is used in all domains while English is used in Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin English, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speakers possess a wide range of attitudes toward Babanki. Some people have positive feelings, others are neutral and others have negative attitudes. Not many people think the language should be developed and/or preserved since it\u2019s not an essential language of trade or education."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some support from the Ga'a Kejom Development Committee"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Above 35,000""}",,Nearly everyone speaks Cameroon Pidgin English. It is common even between parents and children at home and English is the language of instruction in schools in the community. French is also used by a few people.,bib375,yes +10899-location-1,10899,location,"{""Places"": [""Kejom Ketinguh and Kejom Keku villages, Tubah Subdivision, Northwest Region, Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.973611, 10.323333], [6.130833, 10.260833]]}",,,bib375,yes +10899-speaker_number-1,10899,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Only about 50% of the total population understand and speak Babanki.,bib375,yes +10899-speakers-1,10899,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""7,000"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""39,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Elders"": ""3,000""}",,Only about 50% of the total population understand and speak Babanki.,bib375,yes +10899-LEI-1,10899,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib375,yes +10899-transmission-1,10899,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib375,yes +10899-domains_of_use-1,10899,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib375,yes +10899-speaker_number_trends-1,10899,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib375,yes +10899-vitality-1,10899,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib375,yes +10900-location-1,10900,location,"{""Places"": [""Kikwit"", ""Bulumbu"", ""Mbelo"", ""Kisumba"", ""Kiyaka"", ""Mbushi"", ""Kabamba"", ""Kisala-Kafumba"", ""Kafumba in the Kipuka sector of Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""The climate of this region is wet tropical according to the K\u00f6ppen classification. It has a rainy season and a try season, the latter of which lasts about three months from about mid-May to mid-August. These are also the hottest months. The landscape has many hills and plateaus. There are forests as well as savannahs."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.054521, 18.781299]]}",,,bib3990,yes +10900-speaker_number-1,10900,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3990,yes +10900-speakers-1,10900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3990,yes +10900-LEI-1,10900,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nsong scores low on all nine UNESCO criteria for assessing language vitality and can therefore be considered severely endangered.,bib3990,yes +10900-vitality-1,10900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Nsong scores low on all nine UNESCO criteria for assessing language vitality and can therefore be considered severely endangered.,bib3990,yes 10901-location-1,10901,location,"{""Places"": [""Littoral region: Nkam division"", ""West region: Mifi and Nd\u00e9 divisions straddling Upper Nkam east of Bana.""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.60509, 10.19952]]}",,,bib71,yes 10901-speaker_number-1,10901,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib71,yes 10901-speakers-1,10901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000 (1990 SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib71,yes @@ -4797,504 +4818,545 @@ Note that the uppermost section of the Huallaga valley is situated in the depart 10906-speakers-1,10906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""344,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib72,yes 10906-LEI-1,10906,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib72,yes 10906-vitality-1,10906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib72,yes -10911-context-1,10911,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Cultural committee""}",,"No orthography, no media, no government support. There is a cultural committee.",bib2231,yes -10911-location-1,10911,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xingmeng Township, Tonghai County, Yunnan, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.148024, 102.664922]]}",,,bib2231,yes -10911-speaker_number-1,10911,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Roughly 5,600 Khatso people (2010 Chinese census); about 97% of these are speakers at some level.",bib2231,yes -10911-speakers-1,10911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Roughly 5,600 Khatso people (2010 Chinese census); about 97% of these are speakers at some level.",bib2231,yes -10911-LEI-1,10911,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2231,yes -10911-transmission-1,10911,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2231,yes -10911-domains_of_use-1,10911,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2231,yes -10911-speaker_number_trends-1,10911,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2231,yes -10911-vitality-1,10911,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2231,yes -10924-location-1,10924,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.75, 163.6667]]}",,,bib5041,yes +10911-context-1,10911,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Cultural committee""}",,"No orthography, no media, no government support. There is a cultural committee.",bib2244,yes +10911-location-1,10911,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xingmeng Township, Tonghai County, Yunnan, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.148024, 102.664922]]}",,,bib2244,yes +10911-speaker_number-1,10911,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Roughly 5,600 Khatso people (2010 Chinese census); about 97% of these are speakers at some level.",bib2244,yes +10911-speakers-1,10911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Roughly 5,600 Khatso people (2010 Chinese census); about 97% of these are speakers at some level.",bib2244,yes +10911-LEI-1,10911,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2244,yes +10911-transmission-1,10911,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2244,yes +10911-domains_of_use-1,10911,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2244,yes +10911-speaker_number_trends-1,10911,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2244,yes +10911-vitality-1,10911,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Intergenerational transmission is occurring, but imperfectly. Downward trend in speaker numbers. Language is used daily in the village, but children are taught Mandarin first so they can integrate into education system; as a result, their language skills are more and more influenced by Mandarin.",bib2244,yes +10919-location-1,10919,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.052478, 9.241267]]}",,"""Nteng is spoken in a group of eight villages, west of Gorom. These villages are Nteng itself, Gyeer, Ɗoop, Kelaghan, Loon, Kwakii, Zhep Morop and Gorom (though this is predominantly Bwal-speaking). None of these villages except Gorom are identified in any cartographic source."" (2)",bib1353,yes +10919-speaker_number-1,10919,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Exact number of speakers is unsure, but researchers estimate there may be as many as 2000.",bib1353,yes +10919-speakers-1,10919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Exact number of speakers is unsure, but researchers estimate there may be as many as 2000.",bib1353,yes +10919-LEI-1,10919,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""As far as could be gathered, the Nteng language remains vigorous and is still spoken by children on a regular basis."" (3)",bib1353,yes +10919-transmission-1,10919,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""As far as could be gathered, the Nteng language remains vigorous and is still spoken by children on a regular basis."" (3)",bib1353,yes +10919-domains_of_use-1,10919,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""As far as could be gathered, the Nteng language remains vigorous and is still spoken by children on a regular basis."" (3)",bib1353,yes +10919-speaker_number_trends-1,10919,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""As far as could be gathered, the Nteng language remains vigorous and is still spoken by children on a regular basis."" (3)",bib1353,yes +10919-vitality-1,10919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""As far as could be gathered, the Nteng language remains vigorous and is still spoken by children on a regular basis."" (3)",bib1353,yes +10920-location-1,10920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.068604, 9.364322]]}",,"""The Jakato people are centered on the market town of Dokan Tofa, some 50 km north of Shendam in southernPlateau state."" (1)",bib1351,yes +10920-speaker_number-1,10920,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Despite its mixed urban context, Jakato is apparently still commonly spoken, but it is hard to assess how many speakers there are. Based on the size of the village, there could be as few as 500."" (1)",bib1351,yes +10920-speakers-1,10920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Despite its mixed urban context, Jakato is apparently still commonly spoken, but it is hard to assess how many speakers there are. Based on the size of the village, there could be as few as 500."" (1)",bib1351,yes +10920-LEI-1,10920,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1351,yes +10920-transmission-1,10920,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1351,yes +10920-domains_of_use-1,10920,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1351,yes +10920-speaker_number_trends-1,10920,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1351,yes +10920-vitality-1,10920,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1351,yes +10921-location-1,10921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.060199, 9.183607]]}",,,bib1352,yes +10921-speaker_number-1,10921,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Jibyal language is apparently flourishing and it was easy to hear children speaking the language. Nonetheless, given the small number of villages, it is unlikely there are more than 2-3000 speakers. To this extent, Jibyal is undoubtedly a threatened language. Although a simplified Hausa is used for communication in the area, many Jibyal also speak and understand neighboring languages."" (2)",bib1352,yes +10921-speakers-1,10921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Jibyal language is apparently flourishing and it was easy to hear children speaking the language. Nonetheless, given the small number of villages, it is unlikely there are more than 2-3000 speakers. To this extent, Jibyal is undoubtedly a threatened language. Although a simplified Hausa is used for communication in the area, many Jibyal also speak and understand neighboring languages."" (2)",bib1352,yes +10921-LEI-1,10921,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1352,yes +10921-transmission-1,10921,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1352,yes +10921-domains_of_use-1,10921,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1352,yes +10921-speaker_number_trends-1,10921,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1352,yes +10921-vitality-1,10921,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1352,yes +10922-location-1,10922,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.248817, 18.283177]]}",,,bib2051,yes +10922-speaker_number-1,10922,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Most Griko speakers are elderly people, pointing to a language in strong regression, which has in fact already died out in Melpignano and Soleto"" (187)",bib2051,yes +10922-speakers-1,10922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Most Griko speakers are elderly people, pointing to a language in strong regression, which has in fact already died out in Melpignano and Soleto"" (187)",bib2051,yes +10922-LEI-1,10922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2051,yes +10922-transmission-1,10922,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2051,yes +10922-domains_of_use-1,10922,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2051,yes +10922-speaker_number_trends-1,10922,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib2051,yes +10922-vitality-1,10922,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2051,yes +10924-location-1,10924,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.75, 163.6667]]}",,,bib5063,yes 10924-speaker_number-1,10924,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""...Belep, Yalayu, or Nyelâyu of Belep ([yly]), ... is spoken by approximately 1600 -people in New Caledonia (Kanaky), primarily on the island of Art."" -McCracken (2012)",bib5041,yes +people in New Caledonia (Kanaky), primarily on the island of Art."" -McCracken (2012)",bib5063,yes 10924-speakers-1,10924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1676"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""...Belep, Yalayu, or Nyelâyu of Belep ([yly]), ... is spoken by approximately 1600 -people in New Caledonia (Kanaky), primarily on the island of Art."" -McCracken (2012)",bib5041,yes -10924-LEI-1,10924,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5041,yes -10924-vitality-1,10924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5041,yes -10931-speaker_number-1,10931,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"This is for home use in 2010, speaker numbers have likely continued to decrease since then.",bib3345,yes -10931-speakers-1,10931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""136,701"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"This is for home use in 2010, speaker numbers have likely continued to decrease since then.",bib3345,yes -10931-speakers-2,10931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib5189,no -10931-LEI-1,10931,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3345,yes -10931-transmission-1,10931,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib3345,yes -10931-domains_of_use-1,10931,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3345,yes -10931-speaker_number_trends-1,10931,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3345,yes -10931-vitality-1,10931,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3345,yes -10935-context-1,10935,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""All (non-religious) reading material available on Tidore is in Standard Indonesian, and all letters and documents are written in Standard Indonesian. Television and national radio are likewise in Indonesian.""}",,,bib8259,yes -10935-location-1,10935,location,"{""Places"": [""Tidore Island, North Maluku, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.683333, 127.4]]}",,,bib8259,yes -10935-speaker_number-1,10935,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Though learned as a second language most children develop fluency by the time they reach adulthood.,bib8259,yes -10935-speakers-1,10935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Though learned as a second language most children develop fluency by the time they reach adulthood.,bib8259,yes -10935-LEI-1,10935,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8259,yes -10935-transmission-1,10935,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib8259,yes -10935-domains_of_use-1,10935,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8259,yes -10935-speaker_number_trends-1,10935,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib8259,yes -10935-vitality-1,10935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8259,yes -10936-context-1,10936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Indonesia."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes toward language.""}",,Taught in middle school in Tobelo town.,bib2380,no -10936-context-2,10936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Indonesian""}",,All speakers are fluent in local Malay.,bib3622,yes -10936-location-1,10936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.731944, 128.007778]]}",,,bib2380,no -10936-location-2,10936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.731944, 128.007778]]}",,"Many Tobelo have emigrated and settled elsewhere on Halmahera and the surrounding islands. Hence, significant Tobelo populations are found on Morotai, Bacan, Obi and the Raja Ampat Islands.",bib3622,yes -10936-speaker_number-1,10936,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2380,no -10936-speakers-1,10936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2380,no -10936-speakers-2,10936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"According to Holton (2003), ""Outside of the regional center of Tobelo town, Tobelo is still learned as a first language and still spoken as the language of every-day communication. Indeed, in many villages school teachers who do not speak Tobelo are frustrated by the lack of fluency in Malay among school-age children. However, in Tobelo town itself the situation is rapidly changing.",bib3622,yes -10936-LEI-1,10936,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2380,no -10936-vitality-1,10936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2380,no -10936-LEI-2,10936,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3622,yes -10936-transmission-2,10936,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3622,yes -10936-domains_of_use-2,10936,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3622,yes -10936-speaker_number_trends-2,10936,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3622,yes -10936-vitality-2,10936,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3622,yes +people in New Caledonia (Kanaky), primarily on the island of Art."" -McCracken (2012)",bib5063,yes +10924-LEI-1,10924,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5063,yes +10924-vitality-1,10924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5063,yes +10931-speaker_number-1,10931,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"This is for home use in 2010, speaker numbers have likely continued to decrease since then.",bib3362,yes +10931-speakers-1,10931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""136,701"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"This is for home use in 2010, speaker numbers have likely continued to decrease since then.",bib3362,yes +10931-speakers-2,10931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib5211,no +10931-LEI-1,10931,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3362,yes +10931-transmission-1,10931,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib3362,yes +10931-domains_of_use-1,10931,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3362,yes +10931-speaker_number_trends-1,10931,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3362,yes +10931-vitality-1,10931,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3362,yes +10935-context-1,10935,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""All (non-religious) reading material available on Tidore is in Standard Indonesian, and all letters and documents are written in Standard Indonesian. Television and national radio are likewise in Indonesian.""}",,,bib8284,yes +10935-location-1,10935,location,"{""Places"": [""Tidore Island, North Maluku, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.683333, 127.4]]}",,,bib8284,yes +10935-speaker_number-1,10935,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Though learned as a second language most children develop fluency by the time they reach adulthood.,bib8284,yes +10935-speakers-1,10935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Though learned as a second language most children develop fluency by the time they reach adulthood.,bib8284,yes +10935-LEI-1,10935,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8284,yes +10935-transmission-1,10935,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib8284,yes +10935-domains_of_use-1,10935,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8284,yes +10935-speaker_number_trends-1,10935,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib8284,yes +10935-vitality-1,10935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8284,yes +10936-context-1,10936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Indonesia."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes toward language.""}",,Taught in middle school in Tobelo town.,bib2393,no +10936-context-2,10936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Indonesian""}",,All speakers are fluent in local Malay.,bib3641,yes +10936-location-1,10936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.731944, 128.007778]]}",,,bib2393,no +10936-location-2,10936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.731944, 128.007778]]}",,"Many Tobelo have emigrated and settled elsewhere on Halmahera and the surrounding islands. Hence, significant Tobelo populations are found on Morotai, Bacan, Obi and the Raja Ampat Islands.",bib3641,yes +10936-speaker_number-1,10936,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2393,no +10936-speakers-1,10936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2393,no +10936-speakers-2,10936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"According to Holton (2003), ""Outside of the regional center of Tobelo town, Tobelo is still learned as a first language and still spoken as the language of every-day communication. Indeed, in many villages school teachers who do not speak Tobelo are frustrated by the lack of fluency in Malay among school-age children. However, in Tobelo town itself the situation is rapidly changing.",bib3641,yes +10936-LEI-1,10936,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2393,no +10936-vitality-1,10936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2393,no +10936-LEI-2,10936,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3641,yes +10936-transmission-2,10936,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3641,yes +10936-domains_of_use-2,10936,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3641,yes +10936-speaker_number_trends-2,10936,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3641,yes +10936-vitality-2,10936,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3641,yes 10939-context-1,10939,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"Lakurumau has so far been a mostly oral language. It has been taught in the village elementary school for the past few years. Some years ago, Mrs. Dinah Gurumang, a local teacher and Lakurumau language activist, wrote a booklet with some Lakurumau texts and wordlists to be used in school lessons, using the orthography established by the Summer Institute of Linguistics translators for Kara. Unfortunately, all copies of this booklet have seemingly been lost, and I have not been able to recover any of them. In order to foster literacy in Lakurumau, Mrs. Gurumang and I have written three other booklets (see §2.3), which can be used in the village elementary school as well as in the pre-school course Early Childhood run by Mrs. Gurumang -and other community members.",bib5029,yes -10939-location-1,10939,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lakurumau is spoken in the eponymous village of Lakurumau, on the East Coast of New Ireland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.883, 151.25]]}",,,bib5029,yes -10939-speaker_number-1,10939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,I estimate roughly ca. 800 speakers.,bib5029,yes -10939-speakers-1,10939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,I estimate roughly ca. 800 speakers.,bib5029,yes -10939-LEI-1,10939,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5029,yes -10939-transmission-1,10939,transmission,2,transmission-2,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5029,yes -10939-domains_of_use-1,10939,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5029,yes -10939-vitality-1,10939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5029,yes -10943-context-1,10943,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Gullah-Geechee is a living language with an expanding sphere of use in the arts (Ranky Tanky won a Grammy), education (established curriculum at Harvard University), and social media (strong following on Twitter & TikTok). Native speakers now have access to drive the narrative of Gullah-Geechee rather than being described by outsiders. Local schools are incorporating the language and culture more, especially for cultural mediation."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Harvard University""}",,,bib8230,no -10943-context-2,10943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor Commission (U.S. National Park Service)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Past negative stereotypes and misconceptions discouraged some older speakers from passing Gullah on to their descendants, for fear outsiders would ridicule them. Now Gullah functions as a significant marker of culture, history, and identity in the communities where it is spoken. There is a concerted effort to preserve and promote the language and culture through storytelling, Bible translation, heritage tours, music festivals, and other initiatives. (Weldon, 2006)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Penn Center""}",,,bib7761,no -10943-context-3,10943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor Commission (U.S. National Park Service)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Proud of their language and culture, willing to share it in community activities and public festivals; enthusiastically pressing on from reading to speaking; economically capitalizing on artistic, culinary, historical, and linguistic aspects of the culture (Campbell, 2011)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Penn Center""}",,,bib1446,no -10943-location-1,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the Atlantic coast from southeast North Carolina to northern Florida, but concentrated on the Sea Islands and in the cities of Savannah and Charleston (Wolfram, 2021)""]}",,,bib7895,yes -10943-location-2,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the U.S. Atlantic low country from North Carolina to to northern Florida, in Texas, and in Mexico.""], ""Description"": ""Components of this language came from the Guinea Coast and Sierra Leone, colonial American English, and Indigenous communities of the region. It is mutually intelligible with Bahamian Creole, due to shared ancestry, particularly of European and African resettlement from South Carolina to the Bahamas in the late 18th century.""}",,,bib8230,no -10943-location-3,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullahs live along the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coastline, from the northern tip of North Carolina to Jacksonville, Florida"", ""especially in the Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia and the bordering mainland low country areas. Some Gullah-speaking black Seminoles were forced out of northern Florida in the 1830s and relocated to central Oklahoma, western Texas, and northern Mexico. (Hopkins, 2006)""]}",,,bib3643,no -10943-location-4,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullah is spoken along the U.S. south Atlantic coastline from Sandy Island near Georgetown, South Caroline to St. Simmons and St. Marys, Georgia"", ""possibly from North Carolina to upper Florida. The Afro-Seminole dialect is spoken by the descendants of those who fled South Carolina and Georgia to Florida, then were exiled to Oklahoma in the 1830s. (Weldon, 2006)""]}",,,bib7761,no -10943-location-5,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullah Geechee communities are found along the U.S. Atlantic low country from North Carolina to to northern Florida, and in Northeastern U.S. cities. Afro-Seminole Creole is spoken by Black Seminole communities are found in Oklahoma (Seminole Freedmen), Texas (Scouts), northern Mexico (Mascogos), the Bahamas, and Cuba. (Campbell, 2011)""]}",,,bib1446,no -10943-speaker_number-1,10943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7895,yes -10943-speakers-1,10943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""5,000""}",,,bib7895,yes -10943-LEI-1,10943,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7895,yes -10943-vitality-1,10943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7895,yes -10943-LEI-2,10943,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8230,no -10943-transmission-2,10943,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib8230,no -10943-domains_of_use-2,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib8230,no -10943-speaker_number_trends-2,10943,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8230,no -10943-vitality-2,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8230,no -10943-LEI-3,10943,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7761,no -10943-transmission-3,10943,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7761,no -10943-domains_of_use-3,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7761,no -10943-speaker_number_trends-3,10943,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7761,no -10943-vitality-3,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7761,no -10943-LEI-4,10943,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1446,no -10943-transmission-4,10943,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1446,no -10943-domains_of_use-4,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1446,no -10943-speaker_number_trends-4,10943,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1446,no -10943-vitality-4,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1446,no -10944-location-1,10944,location,"{""Description"": ""Kunda is spoken in Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. In Zambia, Kunda is spoken in the Eastern part of the country and in particular, Mambwe district."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.015901, 30.583386]]}",,,bib8040,yes -10944-speaker_number-1,10944,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to 2010 Census of Population and Housing in Zambia, there were about 6,760 Native speakers of Kunda (Central Statistical Office, 2010). However, due to CSO‟s limitation in the collection of linguistic data, the number of speakers could either be higher or lower. The linguistic data collected by CSO does not capture the actual language practices of a group of speakers as is the case with sociolinguistic studies.",bib8040,yes -10944-speakers-1,10944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,760"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to 2010 Census of Population and Housing in Zambia, there were about 6,760 Native speakers of Kunda (Central Statistical Office, 2010). However, due to CSO‟s limitation in the collection of linguistic data, the number of speakers could either be higher or lower. The linguistic data collected by CSO does not capture the actual language practices of a group of speakers as is the case with sociolinguistic studies.",bib8040,yes -10944-LEI-1,10944,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8040,yes -10944-vitality-1,10944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8040,yes -10950-location-1,10950,location,"{""Places"": [""San Pedro Totomachapam""]}",,,bib788,yes -10951-location-1,10951,location,"{""Places"": [""San Vicente Coatl\u00e1n (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib788,yes -10951-LEI-1,10951,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib788,yes -10951-transmission-1,10951,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib788,yes -10951-vitality-1,10951,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib788,yes -10952-location-1,10952,location,"{""Places"": [""San Lorenzo Texmelucan (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib788,yes -10953-location-1,10953,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Zaniza, Recibimiento de Cuauht\u00e9moc and Santiago Textitlan (Mexico)""]}",,,bib788,yes -10954-location-1,10954,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Coatl\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Coatl\u00e1n, San Jer\u00f3nimo Coatl\u00e1n (also Santo Domingo and San Francisco Coatl\u00e1n, which are subsidiaries of these other towns), San Baltazar Loxicha and Santa Catarina Loxicha.""]}",,,bib788,yes -10954-LEI-1,10954,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib788,yes -10954-transmission-1,10954,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib788,yes -10954-vitality-1,10954,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib788,yes -10955-location-1,10955,location,"{""Places"": [""Coatecas Altas, San Cristobal Amatl\u00e1n and San Francisco Logueche, (perhaps one or two other towns).""]}",,,bib788,yes -10958-context-1,10958,context,"{""Government Support"": ""official announcements on the news"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Used in schools, textbooks, Deaf/HH clubs, and a Bible translation"", ""Institutional Support"": ""taught in primary schools""}",,,bib5409,yes +and other community members.",bib5051,yes +10939-location-1,10939,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lakurumau is spoken in the eponymous village of Lakurumau, on the East Coast of New Ireland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.883, 151.25]]}",,,bib5051,yes +10939-speaker_number-1,10939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,I estimate roughly ca. 800 speakers.,bib5051,yes +10939-speakers-1,10939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,I estimate roughly ca. 800 speakers.,bib5051,yes +10939-LEI-1,10939,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5051,yes +10939-transmission-1,10939,transmission,2,transmission-2,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5051,yes +10939-domains_of_use-1,10939,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5051,yes +10939-vitality-1,10939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At present, Lakurumau is still vital and widely used by the older generations (age ca. 40+) in their daily life, but is not always passed on to children. In a few households, Lakurumau is still the primary language, spoken on a daily basis by elderly family members as well as by children. In most families, however, and especially in mixed households, the intergenerational language is Tok Pisin, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. In general, children and teenagers still have a fairly good passive knowledge of Lakurumau but many of them have limited active competence and some children have almost no active competence at all.",bib5051,yes +10943-context-1,10943,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Gullah-Geechee is a living language with an expanding sphere of use in the arts (Ranky Tanky won a Grammy), education (established curriculum at Harvard University), and social media (strong following on Twitter & TikTok). Native speakers now have access to drive the narrative of Gullah-Geechee rather than being described by outsiders. Local schools are incorporating the language and culture more, especially for cultural mediation."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Harvard University""}",,,bib8255,no +10943-context-2,10943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor Commission (U.S. National Park Service)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Past negative stereotypes and misconceptions discouraged some older speakers from passing Gullah on to their descendants, for fear outsiders would ridicule them. Now Gullah functions as a significant marker of culture, history, and identity in the communities where it is spoken. There is a concerted effort to preserve and promote the language and culture through storytelling, Bible translation, heritage tours, music festivals, and other initiatives. (Weldon, 2006)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Penn Center""}",,,bib7786,no +10943-context-3,10943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor Commission (U.S. National Park Service)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Proud of their language and culture, willing to share it in community activities and public festivals; enthusiastically pressing on from reading to speaking; economically capitalizing on artistic, culinary, historical, and linguistic aspects of the culture (Campbell, 2011)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Penn Center""}",,,bib1458,no +10943-location-1,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the Atlantic coast from southeast North Carolina to northern Florida, but concentrated on the Sea Islands and in the cities of Savannah and Charleston (Wolfram, 2021)""]}",,,bib7920,yes +10943-location-2,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the U.S. Atlantic low country from North Carolina to to northern Florida, in Texas, and in Mexico.""], ""Description"": ""Components of this language came from the Guinea Coast and Sierra Leone, colonial American English, and Indigenous communities of the region. It is mutually intelligible with Bahamian Creole, due to shared ancestry, particularly of European and African resettlement from South Carolina to the Bahamas in the late 18th century.""}",,,bib8255,no +10943-location-3,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullahs live along the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coastline, from the northern tip of North Carolina to Jacksonville, Florida"", ""especially in the Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina and Georgia and the bordering mainland low country areas. Some Gullah-speaking black Seminoles were forced out of northern Florida in the 1830s and relocated to central Oklahoma, western Texas, and northern Mexico. (Hopkins, 2006)""]}",,,bib3662,no +10943-location-4,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullah is spoken along the U.S. south Atlantic coastline from Sandy Island near Georgetown, South Caroline to St. Simmons and St. Marys, Georgia"", ""possibly from North Carolina to upper Florida. The Afro-Seminole dialect is spoken by the descendants of those who fled South Carolina and Georgia to Florida, then were exiled to Oklahoma in the 1830s. (Weldon, 2006)""]}",,,bib7786,no +10943-location-5,10943,location,"{""Places"": [""Gullah Geechee communities are found along the U.S. Atlantic low country from North Carolina to to northern Florida, and in Northeastern U.S. cities. Afro-Seminole Creole is spoken by Black Seminole communities are found in Oklahoma (Seminole Freedmen), Texas (Scouts), northern Mexico (Mascogos), the Bahamas, and Cuba. (Campbell, 2011)""]}",,,bib1458,no +10943-speaker_number-1,10943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7920,yes +10943-speakers-1,10943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""5,000""}",,,bib7920,yes +10943-LEI-1,10943,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7920,yes +10943-vitality-1,10943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7920,yes +10943-LEI-2,10943,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8255,no +10943-transmission-2,10943,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib8255,no +10943-domains_of_use-2,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib8255,no +10943-speaker_number_trends-2,10943,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8255,no +10943-vitality-2,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8255,no +10943-LEI-3,10943,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7786,no +10943-transmission-3,10943,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7786,no +10943-domains_of_use-3,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7786,no +10943-speaker_number_trends-3,10943,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7786,no +10943-vitality-3,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7786,no +10943-LEI-4,10943,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1458,no +10943-transmission-4,10943,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1458,no +10943-domains_of_use-4,10943,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1458,no +10943-speaker_number_trends-4,10943,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1458,no +10943-vitality-4,10943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1458,no +10944-location-1,10944,location,"{""Description"": ""Kunda is spoken in Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. In Zambia, Kunda is spoken in the Eastern part of the country and in particular, Mambwe district."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.015901, 30.583386]]}",,,bib8065,yes +10944-speaker_number-1,10944,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to 2010 Census of Population and Housing in Zambia, there were about 6,760 Native speakers of Kunda (Central Statistical Office, 2010). However, due to CSO‟s limitation in the collection of linguistic data, the number of speakers could either be higher or lower. The linguistic data collected by CSO does not capture the actual language practices of a group of speakers as is the case with sociolinguistic studies.",bib8065,yes +10944-speakers-1,10944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,760"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to 2010 Census of Population and Housing in Zambia, there were about 6,760 Native speakers of Kunda (Central Statistical Office, 2010). However, due to CSO‟s limitation in the collection of linguistic data, the number of speakers could either be higher or lower. The linguistic data collected by CSO does not capture the actual language practices of a group of speakers as is the case with sociolinguistic studies.",bib8065,yes +10944-LEI-1,10944,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8065,yes +10944-vitality-1,10944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8065,yes +10950-location-1,10950,location,"{""Places"": [""San Pedro Totomachapam""]}",,,bib792,yes +10951-location-1,10951,location,"{""Places"": [""San Vicente Coatl\u00e1n (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib792,yes +10951-LEI-1,10951,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib792,yes +10951-transmission-1,10951,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib792,yes +10951-vitality-1,10951,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Among Zapotec languages, this is one of the healthier ones still being acquired by children as a first language.",bib792,yes +10952-location-1,10952,location,"{""Places"": [""San Lorenzo Texmelucan (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib792,yes +10953-location-1,10953,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Zaniza, Recibimiento de Cuauht\u00e9moc and Santiago Textitlan (Mexico)""]}",,,bib792,yes +10954-location-1,10954,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Coatl\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Coatl\u00e1n, San Jer\u00f3nimo Coatl\u00e1n (also Santo Domingo and San Francisco Coatl\u00e1n, which are subsidiaries of these other towns), San Baltazar Loxicha and Santa Catarina Loxicha.""]}",,,bib792,yes +10954-LEI-1,10954,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib792,yes +10954-transmission-1,10954,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib792,yes +10954-vitality-1,10954,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is endangered in all of the towns where it is spoken, but more so in the Coatlanes than in the Loxichas. In the Coatlanes speakers are in their seventies and older but in the Loxichas there may be speakers in their fifties.",bib792,yes +10955-location-1,10955,location,"{""Places"": [""Coatecas Altas, San Cristobal Amatl\u00e1n and San Francisco Logueche, (perhaps one or two other towns).""]}",,,bib792,yes +10956-location-1,10956,location,"{""Places"": [""Susquehanna River""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.17, -76.21]]}",,"Smith (1608) reports the location as being ""several days journey from the head of Chesapeake Bay.""",bib5228,yes +10956-LEI-1,10956,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5228,yes +10956-vitality-1,10956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5228,yes +10958-context-1,10958,context,"{""Government Support"": ""official announcements on the news"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Used in schools, textbooks, Deaf/HH clubs, and a Bible translation"", ""Institutional Support"": ""taught in primary schools""}",,,bib5432,yes 10958-context-2,10958,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""The Yangon Sign Language Production Team""}",,,bib236,no -10958-location-1,10958,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar regions of Yangon, Mandalay, and Chin""]}",,,bib5409,yes -10958-location-2,10958,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar regions of Yangon and Mandalay""]}",,,bib7916,no +10958-location-1,10958,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar regions of Yangon, Mandalay, and Chin""]}",,,bib5432,yes +10958-location-2,10958,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar regions of Yangon and Mandalay""]}",,,bib7941,no 10958-location-3,10958,location,"{""Places"": [""Yangon, Myanmar""]}",,,bib236,no -10958-speaker_number-1,10958,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5409,yes -10958-speakers-1,10958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Estimated 50,000-250,000 deaf signers - based on 0.1-0.5% of overall population"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5409,yes -10958-LEI-1,10958,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5409,yes -10958-transmission-1,10958,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5409,yes -10958-domains_of_use-1,10958,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5409,yes -10958-vitality-1,10958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5409,yes -10959-location-1,10959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.796597, -96.653301], [17.0, -96.82]]}",,,bib788,yes +10958-speaker_number-1,10958,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5432,yes +10958-speakers-1,10958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Estimated 50,000-250,000 deaf signers - based on 0.1-0.5% of overall population"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5432,yes +10958-LEI-1,10958,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5432,yes +10958-transmission-1,10958,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5432,yes +10958-domains_of_use-1,10958,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5432,yes +10958-vitality-1,10958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5432,yes +10959-location-1,10959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.796597, -96.653301], [17.0, -96.82]]}",,,bib792,yes 10964-location-1,10964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1666666667, -109.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 10964-speakers-1,10964,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. Last speakers previously reportedly died about 1930. Considered extinct but 1990 census lists 12 speakers (Adelaar 2007).,bib69,yes 10964-LEI-1,10964,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 10964-vitality-1,10964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -10965-location-1,10965,location,"{""Places"": [""Mandalay, Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.96, 96.09]]}",,,bib7916,yes -10965-speakers-1,10965,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2021""}",,,bib7916,yes -10965-LEI-1,10965,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7916,yes -10965-transmission-1,10965,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7916,yes -10965-vitality-1,10965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7916,yes +10965-location-1,10965,location,"{""Places"": [""Mandalay, Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.96, 96.09]]}",,,bib7941,yes +10965-speakers-1,10965,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2021""}",,,bib7941,yes +10965-LEI-1,10965,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7941,yes +10965-transmission-1,10965,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7941,yes +10965-vitality-1,10965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7941,yes 10966-context-1,10966,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Chinese University for Hong Kong: Centre for Sign Linguistics and Deaf Studies""}",,,bib236,no -10966-location-1,10966,location,"{""Places"": [""Yangon, Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[16.84, 96.17]]}",,,bib7916,yes +10966-location-1,10966,location,"{""Places"": [""Yangon, Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[16.84, 96.17]]}",,,bib7941,yes 10966-location-2,10966,location,"{""Places"": [""Yangon, Myanmar""]}",,,bib236,no -10966-speakers-1,10966,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2021""}",,,bib7916,yes -10966-LEI-1,10966,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7916,yes -10966-transmission-1,10966,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7916,yes -10966-vitality-1,10966,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7916,yes +10966-speakers-1,10966,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2021""}",,,bib7941,yes +10966-LEI-1,10966,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7941,yes +10966-transmission-1,10966,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7941,yes +10966-vitality-1,10966,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7941,yes 10966-LEI-2,10966,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib236,no 10966-transmission-2,10966,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib236,no 10966-vitality-2,10966,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib236,no -10967-context-1,10967,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""national majority language""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Svenska (Swedish), Suomi (Finnish)"", ""Government Support"": ""national minority language in Sweden"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Tornedalian is a regional rather than ethnic identity, with young people considering the language important but not necessary to use.\n\nSince 2005, interest in learning Me\u00e4nkieli has fallen (based on course enrollment), and has less prestige than Swedish and other major European languages. \n\nSwedish people tend to value monolingualism highly and consider bilingualism as mixed or bastard speaking. Some (though fewer) Finnish people feel the same."", ""Institutional Support"": ""STR-\u00ad\u2010T (Svenska Tornedalingars Riksf\u00f6rbund \u2013 Tornionlaaksolaiset)""}",,,bib7864,yes +10967-context-1,10967,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""national majority language""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Svenska (Swedish), Suomi (Finnish)"", ""Government Support"": ""national minority language in Sweden"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Tornedalian is a regional rather than ethnic identity, with young people considering the language important but not necessary to use.\n\nSince 2005, interest in learning Me\u00e4nkieli has fallen (based on course enrollment), and has less prestige than Swedish and other major European languages. \n\nSwedish people tend to value monolingualism highly and consider bilingualism as mixed or bastard speaking. Some (though fewer) Finnish people feel the same."", ""Institutional Support"": ""STR-\u00ad\u2010T (Svenska Tornedalingars Riksf\u00f6rbund \u2013 Tornionlaaksolaiset)""}",,,bib7889,yes 10967-context-2,10967,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish"", ""Government Support"": ""national minority language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Institute for Language and Folklore (ISOF)""}",,"Individuals have the right to use their minority language in certain administrative districts when dealing with administrative authorities, in preschool education, and in elder care. The government has begun an initiative to establish bilingual education in Meänkieli and Swedish, including increased teacher training, and a language centre. A full-time language advisor has been hired by the government to set up an advisory group. There is a need for additional, formally-trained interpreters and translators. Umeå University offer elementary level courses in Meänkieli. -9,061 (+100 more forthcoming) place names in Meänkieli have been added to the Lantmäteriet basic map database.",bib4670,no -10967-context-3,10967,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish; Finnish"", ""Government Support"": ""national minority language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Older generations were severely stigmatized for using Me\u00e4nkieli, so few have taught it to their children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Nordkalottens Kultur-och Forskningscentrum""}",,,bib4500,no -10967-context-4,10967,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish; Sweden Finnish"", ""Government Support"": ""recognized national minority language of Sweden"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Requests for access to governmental services in Me\u00e4nkieli is generally perceived as negative. \n\nLacking a functioning model of how to increase and elaborate informal registers, especially for youth. \n\nOlder generations were shamed for not knowing Swedish and prohibited from using Finnish, which impacts their attitude toward Me\u00e4nkieli today and hesitation to use it even in the home (with the exception of traditional practices).\n\nDiglossia between Me\u00e4nkieli and Finnish is misunderstood, so families often opt to use Finnish at home and Swedish or English in public. Me\u00e4nkieli is seen as unfit for modern contexts and less prestigious."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Me\u00e4n Akateemi""}",,"Swedish municipalities have been hiring staff with competence in Meänkieli. However, there is a clear imbalance between oral and literate proficiency among young adults.",bib7700,no -10967-location-1,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Border of Finland & Sweden around the Torne Valley""], ""Description"": ""Official minority language in the Swedish provinces of Haparanda, Kiruna, Pajala, \u00d6vertorne\u00e5, and Kalix"", ""Coordinates"": [[66.53, 24.41]]}",,,bib7864,yes -10967-location-2,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Eight municipalities in northern Sweden near the border with Finland""]}",,,bib4670,no -10967-location-3,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Torneadalen region around the river Tornio (Torne a\u00a8lv) in Sweden on the border with Finland""]}",,,bib4500,no -10967-location-4,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""County Norrbotten, Sweden on the border with Finland"", ""in the cities of Lule\u00e5, Ume\u00e5, and Stockholm""], ""Description"": ""Official minority language in Sweden"", ""Coordinates"": [[66.83, 20.4]]}",,,bib7700,no -10967-speaker_number-1,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7864,yes -10967-speakers-1,10967,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000-70,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20,000""}",,,bib7864,yes -10967-speaker_number-2,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4500,no -10967-speakers-2,10967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4500,no -10967-speaker_number-3,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7700,no -10967-speakers-3,10967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Estimated 30,000-75,000. \nApproximately 100 pre-school students enrolled in Me\u00e4nkieli-medium instruction."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7700,no +9,061 (+100 more forthcoming) place names in Meänkieli have been added to the Lantmäteriet basic map database.",bib4692,no +10967-context-3,10967,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish; Finnish"", ""Government Support"": ""national minority language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Older generations were severely stigmatized for using Me\u00e4nkieli, so few have taught it to their children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Nordkalottens Kultur-och Forskningscentrum""}",,,bib4521,no +10967-context-4,10967,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish; Sweden Finnish"", ""Government Support"": ""recognized national minority language of Sweden"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Requests for access to governmental services in Me\u00e4nkieli is generally perceived as negative. \n\nLacking a functioning model of how to increase and elaborate informal registers, especially for youth. \n\nOlder generations were shamed for not knowing Swedish and prohibited from using Finnish, which impacts their attitude toward Me\u00e4nkieli today and hesitation to use it even in the home (with the exception of traditional practices).\n\nDiglossia between Me\u00e4nkieli and Finnish is misunderstood, so families often opt to use Finnish at home and Swedish or English in public. Me\u00e4nkieli is seen as unfit for modern contexts and less prestigious."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Me\u00e4n Akateemi""}",,"Swedish municipalities have been hiring staff with competence in Meänkieli. However, there is a clear imbalance between oral and literate proficiency among young adults.",bib7725,no +10967-location-1,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Border of Finland & Sweden around the Torne Valley""], ""Description"": ""Official minority language in the Swedish provinces of Haparanda, Kiruna, Pajala, \u00d6vertorne\u00e5, and Kalix"", ""Coordinates"": [[66.53, 24.41]]}",,,bib7889,yes +10967-location-2,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Eight municipalities in northern Sweden near the border with Finland""]}",,,bib4692,no +10967-location-3,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""Torneadalen region around the river Tornio (Torne a\u00a8lv) in Sweden on the border with Finland""]}",,,bib4521,no +10967-location-4,10967,location,"{""Places"": [""County Norrbotten, Sweden on the border with Finland"", ""in the cities of Lule\u00e5, Ume\u00e5, and Stockholm""], ""Description"": ""Official minority language in Sweden"", ""Coordinates"": [[66.83, 20.4]]}",,,bib7725,no +10967-speaker_number-1,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7889,yes +10967-speakers-1,10967,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000-70,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20,000""}",,,bib7889,yes +10967-speaker_number-2,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4521,no +10967-speakers-2,10967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4521,no +10967-speaker_number-3,10967,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7725,no +10967-speakers-3,10967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Estimated 30,000-75,000. \nApproximately 100 pre-school students enrolled in Me\u00e4nkieli-medium instruction."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7725,no 10967-LEI-1,10967,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Right to education, medical care, legal proceedings, minimum hours of radio broadcasting in the language The Meänakateemi/Academia Tornedaliensis foundation is carrying out ongoing scientific projects including bilingual Meänkieli/Swedish dictionary, vocabulary & place names, digital corpus, history book about the community. -There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7864,yes +There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7889,yes 10967-transmission-1,10967,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Right to education, medical care, legal proceedings, minimum hours of radio broadcasting in the language The Meänakateemi/Academia Tornedaliensis foundation is carrying out ongoing scientific projects including bilingual Meänkieli/Swedish dictionary, vocabulary & place names, digital corpus, history book about the community. -There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7864,yes +There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7889,yes 10967-domains_of_use-1,10967,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Right to education, medical care, legal proceedings, minimum hours of radio broadcasting in the language The Meänakateemi/Academia Tornedaliensis foundation is carrying out ongoing scientific projects including bilingual Meänkieli/Swedish dictionary, vocabulary & place names, digital corpus, history book about the community. -There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7864,yes +There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7889,yes 10967-speaker_number_trends-1,10967,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Right to education, medical care, legal proceedings, minimum hours of radio broadcasting in the language The Meänakateemi/Academia Tornedaliensis foundation is carrying out ongoing scientific projects including bilingual Meänkieli/Swedish dictionary, vocabulary & place names, digital corpus, history book about the community. -There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7864,yes +There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7889,yes 10967-vitality-1,10967,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Right to education, medical care, legal proceedings, minimum hours of radio broadcasting in the language The Meänakateemi/Academia Tornedaliensis foundation is carrying out ongoing scientific projects including bilingual Meänkieli/Swedish dictionary, vocabulary & place names, digital corpus, history book about the community. -There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7864,yes +There are several theater troups, musical bands, literary authors and local festivals that showcase creative works in Meänkieli. Language is the single clear cultural symbol.",bib7889,yes 10967-LEI-3,10967,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Meäinkieli is the focus of several cultural festivals and a few novels. National minorities have the right to learn, develop and use their languages. -There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4500,no +There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4521,no 10967-transmission-3,10967,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Meäinkieli is the focus of several cultural festivals and a few novels. National minorities have the right to learn, develop and use their languages. -There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4500,no +There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4521,no 10967-domains_of_use-3,10967,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Meäinkieli is the focus of several cultural festivals and a few novels. National minorities have the right to learn, develop and use their languages. -There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4500,no +There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4521,no 10967-speaker_number_trends-3,10967,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Meäinkieli is the focus of several cultural festivals and a few novels. National minorities have the right to learn, develop and use their languages. -There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4500,no +There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4521,no 10967-vitality-3,10967,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Meäinkieli is the focus of several cultural festivals and a few novels. National minorities have the right to learn, develop and use their languages. -There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4500,no +There is a preschool language reclamation project in Pajala.",bib4521,no 10967-LEI-4,10967,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Local and national governmental authorities must provide information and services, education, and elder care in Meäinkieli upon request. -All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7700,no +All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7725,no 10967-transmission-4,10967,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Local and national governmental authorities must provide information and services, education, and elder care in Meäinkieli upon request. -All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7700,no +All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7725,no 10967-domains_of_use-4,10967,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Local and national governmental authorities must provide information and services, education, and elder care in Meäinkieli upon request. -All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7700,no +All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7725,no 10967-speaker_number_trends-4,10967,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Local and national governmental authorities must provide information and services, education, and elder care in Meäinkieli upon request. -All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7700,no +All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7725,no 10967-vitality-4,10967,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Local and national governmental authorities must provide information and services, education, and elder care in Meäinkieli upon request. -All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7700,no -10969-context-1,10969,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Odia; English;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"All educated Ho speakers, as well as many less well educated speakers, are at least bilingual with Hindi, and in Orissa with Oriya. Schooling is generally conducted in Hindi in Jharkhand. As the most widely spoken national language, Hindi carries a lot of prestige and there is pressure on children to learn Hindi from a young age. Additionally, English is taught at all educational levels in many places. The result of this multilingualism is a lot of borrowing and code-switching between Ho and other regional languages, but especially Hindi.",bib6053,yes -10969-location-1,10969,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the East Singhbum district of Jharkhand and the Mayurbhanj and Keonjhar districts of the state of Orissa, India."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.798050012850936, 86.20181126752678], [21.938184305846328, 86.70394522829906], [21.627422601836376, 85.5916493701696]]}",,,bib6053,yes -10969-speaker_number-1,10969,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The number of speakers of Ho is estimated at around 1 million (from the 2001 census of India).,bib6053,yes -10969-speakers-1,10969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The number of speakers of Ho is estimated at around 1 million (from the 2001 census of India).,bib6053,yes -10969-LEI-1,10969,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6053,yes -10969-vitality-1,10969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6053,yes -10971-context-1,10971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sichuan Chinese, Mandarin Chinese""}",,,bib3804,yes -10971-location-1,10971,location,"{""Places"": [""\u4e61 \u2018townships\u2019 of \u0281d\u026fr\u025f\u0264t (\u0f42\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56????\u0f51\u0f0b gdo\u014b.-brg\u02b2ad, \u9f99\u5c14\u7532l\u00f3ng\u2019\u011brji\u01ce), sarndzu (\u0f42\u0f66\u0f62\u0f0b????\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b gsar.rdzo\u014b, \u6c99\u5c14\u5b97sh\u0101\u011brz\u014dng) and tats\u02b0i (\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f44\u0f0b da.ts\u02b0a\u014b, \u5927\u85cfd\u00e0z\u00e0ng), collectively called t\u0255\u0264p\u02b0\u026f or t\u0255\u02b0\u0264p\u02b0\u026f, Mbarkham County (Maerkang \u9a6c\u5c14\u5eb7), Rngaba District, Sichuan Province, PR China""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.21194444444445, 101.96166666666667]]}",,,bib3804,yes -10971-speaker_number-1,10971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3804,yes -10971-speakers-1,10971,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""Tibetan \u85cf\u65cf z\u00e0ngz\u00fa"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3804,yes -10971-LEI-1,10971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3804,yes -10971-vitality-1,10971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3804,yes -10972-context-1,10972,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Small group of second language learners in Nikolskoye (Bering Island) are using manuals and recordings to teach community and extra-curricular school classes to anyone who wants to learn. They are in permanent contact via social media with Atkan Aleut speakers in Alaska, who dialect diverged when they moved away in the 19th century.""}",,,bib2989,yes -10972-context-2,10972,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""She left behind translated novels and poems, and national songs and stories.""}",,,bib6237,no -10972-location-1,10972,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib2989,yes -10972-location-2,10972,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib6237,no -10972-speakers-1,10972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""7-10""}",,,bib2989,yes -10972-speakers-2,10972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""333"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib6237,no -10972-LEI-1,10972,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2989,yes -10972-domains_of_use-1,10972,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2989,yes -10972-vitality-1,10972,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2989,yes -10972-LEI-2,10972,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6237,no -10972-vitality-2,10972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6237,no -10973-context-1,10973,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English"", ""Government Support"": ""banned from use in public domains"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Older Gorwaa in rural areas tend to be enthusiastic about their language, while younger Gorwaa in urban areas view it as less useful and may be embarrassed to speak it. Some young Gorwaa use the exonym Mbulu (from a large Iraqw settlement) and say they speak Kimbulu; however, it is still the Gorwaa language. \nElderly Gorwaa consultants have contributed to a large body of data including songs, traditional justic, uncommon vocabulary, etc. Young speakers involved in documentation of Gorwaa have become researchers and assumed ownership of the project.""}",,"Used frequently in rural areas but being replaced by Swahili for everyday use, especially in larger towns; code-switching is ubiquitous. Speakers are highly mobile; they often marry into a family, seek medical treatment, attend school, or seek work in a distant village.",bib3351,yes -10973-location-1,10973,location,"{""Places"": [""Dodoma and Manyara Regions of north-central Tanzania""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.22, 35.75]]}",,,bib3351,yes -10973-speaker_number-1,10973,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3351,yes -10973-speakers-1,10973,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,748 likely total speakers; 79,751 likely daily speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3351,yes +All levels of instruction lack widespread education of and in the language. Few formally trained users of the language.",bib7725,no +10969-context-1,10969,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Odia; English;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"All educated Ho speakers, as well as many less well educated speakers, are at least bilingual with Hindi, and in Orissa with Oriya. Schooling is generally conducted in Hindi in Jharkhand. As the most widely spoken national language, Hindi carries a lot of prestige and there is pressure on children to learn Hindi from a young age. Additionally, English is taught at all educational levels in many places. The result of this multilingualism is a lot of borrowing and code-switching between Ho and other regional languages, but especially Hindi.",bib6077,yes +10969-location-1,10969,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the East Singhbum district of Jharkhand and the Mayurbhanj and Keonjhar districts of the state of Orissa, India."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.798050012850936, 86.20181126752678], [21.938184305846328, 86.70394522829906], [21.627422601836376, 85.5916493701696]]}",,,bib6077,yes +10969-speaker_number-1,10969,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The number of speakers of Ho is estimated at around 1 million (from the 2001 census of India).,bib6077,yes +10969-speakers-1,10969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The number of speakers of Ho is estimated at around 1 million (from the 2001 census of India).,bib6077,yes +10969-LEI-1,10969,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,yes +10969-vitality-1,10969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,yes +10971-context-1,10971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sichuan Chinese, Mandarin Chinese""}",,,bib3823,yes +10971-location-1,10971,location,"{""Places"": [""\u4e61 \u2018townships\u2019 of \u0281d\u026fr\u025f\u0264t (\u0f42\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56????\u0f51\u0f0b gdo\u014b.-brg\u02b2ad, \u9f99\u5c14\u7532l\u00f3ng\u2019\u011brji\u01ce), sarndzu (\u0f42\u0f66\u0f62\u0f0b????\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b gsar.rdzo\u014b, \u6c99\u5c14\u5b97sh\u0101\u011brz\u014dng) and tats\u02b0i (\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f44\u0f0b da.ts\u02b0a\u014b, \u5927\u85cfd\u00e0z\u00e0ng), collectively called t\u0255\u0264p\u02b0\u026f or t\u0255\u02b0\u0264p\u02b0\u026f, Mbarkham County (Maerkang \u9a6c\u5c14\u5eb7), Rngaba District, Sichuan Province, PR China""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.21194444444445, 101.96166666666667]]}",,,bib3823,yes +10971-speaker_number-1,10971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3823,yes +10971-speakers-1,10971,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""Tibetan \u85cf\u65cf z\u00e0ngz\u00fa"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3823,yes +10971-LEI-1,10971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3823,yes +10971-vitality-1,10971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3823,yes +10972-context-1,10972,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Small group of second language learners in Nikolskoye (Bering Island) are using manuals and recordings to teach community and extra-curricular school classes to anyone who wants to learn. They are in permanent contact via social media with Atkan Aleut speakers in Alaska, who dialect diverged when they moved away in the 19th century.""}",,,bib3003,yes +10972-context-2,10972,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""She left behind translated novels and poems, and national songs and stories.""}",,,bib6261,no +10972-location-1,10972,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib3003,yes +10972-location-2,10972,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib6261,no +10972-speakers-1,10972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""7-10""}",,,bib3003,yes +10972-speakers-2,10972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""333"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib6261,no +10972-LEI-1,10972,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3003,yes +10972-domains_of_use-1,10972,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3003,yes +10972-vitality-1,10972,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3003,yes +10972-LEI-2,10972,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6261,no +10972-vitality-2,10972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6261,no +10973-context-1,10973,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English"", ""Government Support"": ""banned from use in public domains"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Older Gorwaa in rural areas tend to be enthusiastic about their language, while younger Gorwaa in urban areas view it as less useful and may be embarrassed to speak it. Some young Gorwaa use the exonym Mbulu (from a large Iraqw settlement) and say they speak Kimbulu; however, it is still the Gorwaa language. \nElderly Gorwaa consultants have contributed to a large body of data including songs, traditional justic, uncommon vocabulary, etc. Young speakers involved in documentation of Gorwaa have become researchers and assumed ownership of the project.""}",,"Used frequently in rural areas but being replaced by Swahili for everyday use, especially in larger towns; code-switching is ubiquitous. Speakers are highly mobile; they often marry into a family, seek medical treatment, attend school, or seek work in a distant village.",bib3368,yes +10973-location-1,10973,location,"{""Places"": [""Dodoma and Manyara Regions of north-central Tanzania""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.22, 35.75]]}",,,bib3368,yes +10973-speaker_number-1,10973,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3368,yes +10973-speakers-1,10973,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,748 likely total speakers; 79,751 likely daily speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3368,yes 10973-LEI-1,10973,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Likely 60% of the ethnic population speak it actively -EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3351,yes +EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3368,yes 10973-transmission-1,10973,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Likely 60% of the ethnic population speak it actively -EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3351,yes +EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3368,yes 10973-domains_of_use-1,10973,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Likely 60% of the ethnic population speak it actively -EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3351,yes +EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3368,yes 10973-speaker_number_trends-1,10973,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Likely 60% of the ethnic population speak it actively -EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3351,yes +EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3368,yes 10973-vitality-1,10973,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Likely 60% of the ethnic population speak it actively -EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3351,yes +EGIDS vitality 6b-7",bib3368,yes 10974-context-1,10974,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilokano, Filipino"", ""Government Support"": ""2007 Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""More vigorous use of Ibatan began in the 1980s. \n\nChildren speak to each parent in their respective language. Whether first or second language speakers, communities in Laod are shifting to Ilokano even at home, while communities in Daya are less accepting of codeswitching and tend to maintain Ibatan at home. Those who have moved to other islands rarely use Ibatan, even when visiting back home. It ultimately depends on who they talk to and their attitude toward Ibatan, and language dominance is not static.\n\nDespite marginalization, some use Ibatan as a secret language for private communication when away from Babuyan Claro."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kakpekpeh no Mangalkem (KAKMA), Ibatan CADT Holders' Organization (ICHO), Apong Malkem chieftain"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""3,000""}",,"Ibatan occupies a less privileged position vis-à-vis the larger languages of the region, namely Ilokano, the trade language and regional lingua franca for the Babuyan Islands as well as the northern region of the major island Luzon, and Filipino, the national language of the Philippines, which is the lingua franca for the capital city Manila and other regional centres, and the main language of print and broadcast media in the Philippines. The three languages are all in daily use in Babuyan Claro and form a complex patchwork of community and individual patterns of multilingual language use. -Ibatan-medium education through Grade 3, but instructors speak and read Ilokano.",bib2819,yes -10974-location-1,10974,location,"{""Places"": [""Babuyan Claro island in the northern Philippines""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.48, 121.96]]}",,,bib2819,yes -10974-speaker_number-1,10974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2819,yes -10974-speakers-1,10974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,000 (first and second language speakers)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,500-3,000""}",,,bib2819,yes -10974-LEI-1,10974,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6b,bib2819,yes -10974-transmission-1,10974,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 6b,bib2819,yes -10974-domains_of_use-1,10974,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,EGIDS 6b,bib2819,yes -10974-speaker_number_trends-1,10974,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 6b,bib2819,yes -10974-vitality-1,10974,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6b,bib2819,yes -10976-context-1,10976,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French"", ""Government Support"": ""Vanuatu Education Sector Programme"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Despite dominance of Bislama, there is still prestige in learning indigenous languages of Vanuatu for self-identity, privacy, or integration with kin and neighboring communities. Vatlongos was ranked higher than Bislama, English, and French though there is some concern that it is less useful practically. There is also concern that Vatlongos has been too corrupted to learn now. Vatlongos is learned later in life by urban-dwellers, and maintained as an identity marker and unifier in the diaspora.""}",,"91% of the population speak 3+ languages (VNSO 2013). Globalism, tourism, and travel for work are increasing linguistic contacts. The Endu community have connections to North Ambrym communities. A 2015 Bible translation, a 2017 primary education curriculum, and a 2018 proposed orthography being circulated via smartphone should help Vatlongos literacy efforts. Vatlongos is one of the most robust indigenous language in Vanuatu.",bib6269,yes -10976-location-1,10976,location,"{""Places"": [""Ambrym Island, Efate Island""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.3, 168.21]]}",,,bib6269,yes -10976-speaker_number-1,10976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6269,yes -10976-speakers-1,10976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6269,yes -10976-LEI-1,10976,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6269,yes -10976-transmission-1,10976,transmission,1,transmission-1,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6269,yes -10976-domains_of_use-1,10976,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6269,yes -10976-speaker_number_trends-1,10976,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6269,yes -10976-vitality-1,10976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6269,yes -10979-context-1,10979,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Tibetan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lhawa & Lai (2017) reports on a sociolinguistic survey of language attitudes among Khroskyabs speakers, based on 88 responses to a Chinese - language online survey. These suggested a positive attitude overall. Linguistic diversity in the Tibetan regions: a set of Language Snapshots 289. However, the survey was followed up with face-to-face interviews with eight participants, conducted in Khroskyabs, and here the responses contradicted the on-line survey. All interviewees expressed negative attitudes towards Khroskyabs, especially in comparison to the dominant national language, Mandarin, and the local prestige language, Tibetan.""}",,,bib4537,yes -10979-location-1,10979,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Khroskyabs (IPA is [\u0288\u0282hosc\u00e6\u0302 v]) is spoken in Rnagba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, in Western Sichuan, China. There are approximately 10,000 speakers in Jinchuan, Rangtang, and Maerkang Counties... In this part of modern Sichuan Province, people who live in the valleys are farmers, and speak Khroskyabs or other languages, while people who live higher up in the mountains are nomadic yak herders, and mostly speak Amdo Tibetan. The language in the valley is called rongskad which signifies \u2018farmer\u2019s language\u2019, or \u2018valley language\u2019, as opposed to the \u2018nomadic language\u2019, Amdo Tibetan, spoken in the mountains."", ""Coordinates"": [[31.91350804468802, 102.25131830958067], [31.416101742902367, 102.04777721069814], [32.264913228595084, 100.9746113202885]]}",,,bib4537,yes -10979-speaker_number-1,10979,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4537,yes -10979-speakers-1,10979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4537,yes -10979-LEI-1,10979,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4537,yes -10979-vitality-1,10979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4537,yes -10988-context-1,10988,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, commerce, government, media, inter-group marriages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Although the people have a positive language attitude and are proud of speaking their own language, Russian is considered to be not only more prestigious, but extremely necessary for the future of their children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""\""Mother-tongue education\"" available, but in Standard Dargwa, which is not mutually intelligible with Sanzhi Dargwa."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Women of the oldest generation (60 years and older) are the only group for whom Sanzhi is the dominant language. Men of the oldest generation as well as many members of the middle generation (age 30 to 60) are more or less balanced bilinguals, and use the two languages in accordance with the different functional domains (public/official vs. private/speech community).Russian becomes the dominant language at the latest when children start attending kindergarten. Therefore, they generally have a limited and mostly passive command of Sanzhi and prefer to speak only Russian. Sanzhi people of the young generation, including small children, speak predominantly Russian with each other.",bib2689,yes -10988-location-1,10988,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""More than 40 years ago, all Sanzhi speakers left the village of Sanzhi, their village of origin, in the Caucasian Mountains. Sanzhi is located in the Dakhadayevskiy rayon in central Dagestan (today part of the Russian Federation), which is predominantly inhabited by speakers of Dargwa languages... Today, the majority of Sanzhi speakers live in the village of Druzhba in the Dagestanian lowlands (Kayakentskiy Rayon) and to a lesser extent in other settlements in Dagestan and other parts of Russia."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9779562670328, 47.56669789363135], [42.24099262711256, 48.00302379826936]]}",,,bib2689,yes -10988-speaker_number-1,10988,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2689,yes -10988-speakers-1,10988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2689,yes -10988-LEI-1,10988,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2689,yes -10988-transmission-1,10988,transmission,1,transmission-1,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2689,yes -10988-domains_of_use-1,10988,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2689,yes -10988-vitality-1,10988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2689,yes -10989-context-1,10989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Ma'ya, Biak, Seget, Javanese""}",,There is significant language shift to Papuan Malay by the generations born after 1990. The villages are multiethnic and multilingual.,bib558,yes -10989-location-1,10989,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the Raja Ampat archipelago, off the western tip of Bird's Head peninsula of New Guinea, West Papua province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-1.116457, 130.8666]]}",,,bib558,yes -10989-speaker_number-1,10989,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population of the 13 villages is 3,391 (as of the 2017 government census). Those villages include many people who speak their own mother tongues, not Salawati, as well as Salawati children who are not learning their parents' language.",bib558,yes -10989-speakers-1,10989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""fewer than 3,391"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population of the 13 villages is 3,391 (as of the 2017 government census). Those villages include many people who speak their own mother tongues, not Salawati, as well as Salawati children who are not learning their parents' language.",bib558,yes -10989-LEI-1,10989,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib558,yes -10989-transmission-1,10989,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib558,yes -10989-domains_of_use-1,10989,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib558,yes -10989-speaker_number_trends-1,10989,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib558,yes -10989-vitality-1,10989,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib558,yes -10990-context-1,10990,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Biak"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Batta speakers are enthusiastic about collaborating on documentation of their language. No one alive knows how to sing the traditional Batta 'wor' songs anymore.""}",,About half of their neighbors speak Biak due to migration and intermarriage.,bib558,yes -10990-location-1,10990,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Yenenas, Weyman, and Wailebet on the south coast of Batanta Island off the western tip of Bird's Head Island, West Papua Province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.872323, 130.770766]]}",,,bib558,yes -10990-speaker_number-1,10990,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib558,yes -10990-speakers-1,10990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib558,yes -10990-LEI-1,10990,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib558,yes -10990-transmission-1,10990,transmission,3,transmission-3,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib558,yes -10990-domains_of_use-1,10990,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib558,yes -10990-speaker_number_trends-1,10990,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib558,yes -10990-vitality-1,10990,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib558,yes -11007-context-1,11007,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""75% express negative attitude towards the language""}",,,bib5199,yes -11007-speaker_number-1,11007,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5199,yes -11007-speakers-1,11007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""625 first language speakers, all within Himachal Pradesh."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5199,yes -11007-LEI-1,11007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5199,yes -11007-transmission-1,11007,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5199,yes -11007-domains_of_use-1,11007,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5199,yes -11007-speaker_number_trends-1,11007,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5199,yes -11007-vitality-1,11007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5199,yes -1101-context-1,1101,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Government Support"": ""Community languages are discouraged."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The major factor that shapes language use among the children is the complete L2 immersion in school as the result of the language policy implementation in primary education. In government schools L2 is the sole medium of instruction throughout grade one to grade seven.,bib4585,yes -1101-location-1,1101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8664, 37.304]]}",,,bib5307,no +Ibatan-medium education through Grade 3, but instructors speak and read Ilokano.",bib2833,yes +10974-location-1,10974,location,"{""Places"": [""Babuyan Claro island in the northern Philippines""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.48, 121.96]]}",,,bib2833,yes +10974-speaker_number-1,10974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2833,yes +10974-speakers-1,10974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,000 (first and second language speakers)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,500-3,000""}",,,bib2833,yes +10974-LEI-1,10974,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6b,bib2833,yes +10974-transmission-1,10974,transmission,1,transmission-1,EGIDS 6b,bib2833,yes +10974-domains_of_use-1,10974,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,EGIDS 6b,bib2833,yes +10974-speaker_number_trends-1,10974,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,EGIDS 6b,bib2833,yes +10974-vitality-1,10974,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6b,bib2833,yes +10976-context-1,10976,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French"", ""Government Support"": ""Vanuatu Education Sector Programme"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Despite dominance of Bislama, there is still prestige in learning indigenous languages of Vanuatu for self-identity, privacy, or integration with kin and neighboring communities. Vatlongos was ranked higher than Bislama, English, and French though there is some concern that it is less useful practically. There is also concern that Vatlongos has been too corrupted to learn now. Vatlongos is learned later in life by urban-dwellers, and maintained as an identity marker and unifier in the diaspora.""}",,"91% of the population speak 3+ languages (VNSO 2013). Globalism, tourism, and travel for work are increasing linguistic contacts. The Endu community have connections to North Ambrym communities. A 2015 Bible translation, a 2017 primary education curriculum, and a 2018 proposed orthography being circulated via smartphone should help Vatlongos literacy efforts. Vatlongos is one of the most robust indigenous language in Vanuatu.",bib6293,yes +10976-location-1,10976,location,"{""Places"": [""Ambrym Island, Efate Island""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.3, 168.21]]}",,,bib6293,yes +10976-speaker_number-1,10976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6293,yes +10976-speakers-1,10976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6293,yes +10976-LEI-1,10976,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6293,yes +10976-transmission-1,10976,transmission,1,transmission-1,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6293,yes +10976-domains_of_use-1,10976,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6293,yes +10976-speaker_number_trends-1,10976,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6293,yes +10976-vitality-1,10976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"EGIDs 6b-5; Polyglossia relegates particular languages to particular domains-: Vatlongos in oral and intimate settings and in some churches, Bislama in official services and emerging technologies, English in education and religion, and codeswitching in digital communication",bib6293,yes +10979-context-1,10979,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Tibetan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lhawa & Lai (2017) reports on a sociolinguistic survey of language attitudes among Khroskyabs speakers, based on 88 responses to a Chinese - language online survey. These suggested a positive attitude overall. Linguistic diversity in the Tibetan regions: a set of Language Snapshots 289. However, the survey was followed up with face-to-face interviews with eight participants, conducted in Khroskyabs, and here the responses contradicted the on-line survey. All interviewees expressed negative attitudes towards Khroskyabs, especially in comparison to the dominant national language, Mandarin, and the local prestige language, Tibetan.""}",,,bib4558,yes +10979-location-1,10979,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Khroskyabs (IPA is [\u0288\u0282hosc\u00e6\u0302 v]) is spoken in Rnagba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, in Western Sichuan, China. There are approximately 10,000 speakers in Jinchuan, Rangtang, and Maerkang Counties... In this part of modern Sichuan Province, people who live in the valleys are farmers, and speak Khroskyabs or other languages, while people who live higher up in the mountains are nomadic yak herders, and mostly speak Amdo Tibetan. The language in the valley is called rongskad which signifies \u2018farmer\u2019s language\u2019, or \u2018valley language\u2019, as opposed to the \u2018nomadic language\u2019, Amdo Tibetan, spoken in the mountains."", ""Coordinates"": [[31.91350804468802, 102.25131830958067], [31.416101742902367, 102.04777721069814], [32.264913228595084, 100.9746113202885]]}",,,bib4558,yes +10979-speaker_number-1,10979,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4558,yes +10979-speakers-1,10979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4558,yes +10979-LEI-1,10979,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4558,yes +10979-vitality-1,10979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4558,yes +10988-context-1,10988,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, commerce, government, media, inter-group marriages""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Although the people have a positive language attitude and are proud of speaking their own language, Russian is considered to be not only more prestigious, but extremely necessary for the future of their children."", ""Institutional Support"": ""\""Mother-tongue education\"" available, but in Standard Dargwa, which is not mutually intelligible with Sanzhi Dargwa."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Women of the oldest generation (60 years and older) are the only group for whom Sanzhi is the dominant language. Men of the oldest generation as well as many members of the middle generation (age 30 to 60) are more or less balanced bilinguals, and use the two languages in accordance with the different functional domains (public/official vs. private/speech community).Russian becomes the dominant language at the latest when children start attending kindergarten. Therefore, they generally have a limited and mostly passive command of Sanzhi and prefer to speak only Russian. Sanzhi people of the young generation, including small children, speak predominantly Russian with each other.",bib2702,yes +10988-location-1,10988,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""More than 40 years ago, all Sanzhi speakers left the village of Sanzhi, their village of origin, in the Caucasian Mountains. Sanzhi is located in the Dakhadayevskiy rayon in central Dagestan (today part of the Russian Federation), which is predominantly inhabited by speakers of Dargwa languages... Today, the majority of Sanzhi speakers live in the village of Druzhba in the Dagestanian lowlands (Kayakentskiy Rayon) and to a lesser extent in other settlements in Dagestan and other parts of Russia."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9779562670328, 47.56669789363135], [42.24099262711256, 48.00302379826936]]}",,,bib2702,yes +10988-speaker_number-1,10988,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2702,yes +10988-speakers-1,10988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2702,yes +10988-LEI-1,10988,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2702,yes +10988-transmission-1,10988,transmission,1,transmission-1,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2702,yes +10988-domains_of_use-1,10988,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2702,yes +10988-vitality-1,10988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All members of the youngest generation are dominant in Russian, but everybody has at least a passive command of Sanzhi and is able to use a simplified form of the language in communication with members of the oldest generation, e.g. in interaction between grandchildren and grandparents.... Among the youngest generation language shift is observable, and it is reasonable to assume that members of the youngest generation in particular who are still children today will not pass on Sanzhi to their children. Since Sanzhi Dargwa is not employed in the public domain (e.g. administration, education, media, court) the language is unwritten and used only for oral communication within the Sanzhi community.",bib2702,yes +10989-context-1,10989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Ma'ya, Biak, Seget, Javanese""}",,There is significant language shift to Papuan Malay by the generations born after 1990. The villages are multiethnic and multilingual.,bib561,yes +10989-location-1,10989,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the Raja Ampat archipelago, off the western tip of Bird's Head peninsula of New Guinea, West Papua province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-1.116457, 130.8666]]}",,,bib561,yes +10989-speaker_number-1,10989,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The population of the 13 villages is 3,391 (as of the 2017 government census). Those villages include many people who speak their own mother tongues, not Salawati, as well as Salawati children who are not learning their parents' language.",bib561,yes +10989-speakers-1,10989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""fewer than 3,391"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The population of the 13 villages is 3,391 (as of the 2017 government census). Those villages include many people who speak their own mother tongues, not Salawati, as well as Salawati children who are not learning their parents' language.",bib561,yes +10989-LEI-1,10989,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib561,yes +10989-transmission-1,10989,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib561,yes +10989-domains_of_use-1,10989,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib561,yes +10989-speaker_number_trends-1,10989,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib561,yes +10989-vitality-1,10989,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib561,yes +10990-context-1,10990,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Biak"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Batta speakers are enthusiastic about collaborating on documentation of their language. No one alive knows how to sing the traditional Batta 'wor' songs anymore.""}",,About half of their neighbors speak Biak due to migration and intermarriage.,bib561,yes +10990-location-1,10990,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Yenenas, Weyman, and Wailebet on the south coast of Batanta Island off the western tip of Bird's Head Island, West Papua Province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.872323, 130.770766]]}",,,bib561,yes +10990-speaker_number-1,10990,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib561,yes +10990-speakers-1,10990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib561,yes +10990-LEI-1,10990,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib561,yes +10990-transmission-1,10990,transmission,3,transmission-3,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib561,yes +10990-domains_of_use-1,10990,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib561,yes +10990-speaker_number_trends-1,10990,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib561,yes +10990-vitality-1,10990,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Batta is used on a daily basis by those born before 1980.,bib561,yes +11007-context-1,11007,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""75% express negative attitude towards the language""}",,,bib5221,yes +11007-speaker_number-1,11007,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5221,yes +11007-speakers-1,11007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""625 first language speakers, all within Himachal Pradesh."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5221,yes +11007-LEI-1,11007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5221,yes +11007-transmission-1,11007,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5221,yes +11007-domains_of_use-1,11007,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5221,yes +11007-speaker_number_trends-1,11007,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5221,yes +11007-vitality-1,11007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mainly used in the home, rarely outside of this domain. Children do not use the language at all, with only 25% of non-Old adults speaking it. Multilingual in Lahuli, Kulvi, Hindi, and English.",bib5221,yes +1101-context-1,1101,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Government Support"": ""Community languages are discouraged."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The major factor that shapes language use among the children is the complete L2 immersion in school as the result of the language policy implementation in primary education. In government schools L2 is the sole medium of instruction throughout grade one to grade seven.,bib4606,yes +1101-location-1,1101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8664, 37.304]]}",,,bib5330,no 1101-location-2,1101,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Morogoro region: east of Hehe [heh] language area; south of Mikumi town, Kidodi mountains west, west of Kutu.""}",,,bib69,no -1101-location-3,1101,location,"{""Description"": ""Vidunda Ward of Kilosa District/Morogoro Region in Central Tanzania.""}",,,bib4585,yes -1101-speaker_number-1,1101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1101-speakers-1,1101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1101-location-3,1101,location,"{""Description"": ""Vidunda Ward of Kilosa District/Morogoro Region in Central Tanzania.""}",,,bib4606,yes +1101-speaker_number-1,1101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1101-speakers-1,1101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1101-speaker_number-2,1101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,no 1101-speakers-2,1101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,no -1101-speaker_number-3,1101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4585,yes -1101-speakers-3,1101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,794"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4585,yes +1101-speaker_number-3,1101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4606,yes +1101-speakers-3,1101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,794"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4606,yes 1101-speaker_number-4,1101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1101-speakers-4,1101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1101-LEI-1,1101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1101-vitality-1,1101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1101-LEI-1,1101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1101-vitality-1,1101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1101-LEI-2,1101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1101-vitality-2,1101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1101-LEI-3,1101,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4585,yes -1101-transmission-3,1101,transmission,0,transmission-0,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4585,yes -1101-domains_of_use-3,1101,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4585,yes -1101-speaker_number_trends-3,1101,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4585,yes -1101-vitality-3,1101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4585,yes +1101-LEI-3,1101,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4606,yes +1101-transmission-3,1101,transmission,0,transmission-0,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4606,yes +1101-domains_of_use-3,1101,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4606,yes +1101-speaker_number_trends-3,1101,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4606,yes +1101-vitality-3,1101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"With regard to language acquisition in early childhood all Vidunda interviewees stated that their mother tongue (MT) was Vidunda. This implies that the current parent generation mainly speaks to their children in L1 [Vidunda] and that the latter enjoy a far-reaching exposure to L1 in the homestead. [...] Standard 1 children had no linguistic alternative, as they were almost all only L1 speaking. By standard 7 the situation has drastically changed: 93 percent declared that they communicate in L2 [Swahili] with peers, and only a small group claimed that they speak L1 to each other. [...] In a rather bilingual environment, the future parent generation (the current primary school learners) displays L2 competence and proficiency as well as L2 use that, by and large, exceed that of L1. [...] Coupled with strong formal and moral L2 support, the chances of L1 to be transmitted in the future to another young generation diminish drastically.",bib4606,yes 1101-LEI-4,1101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1101-vitality-4,1101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -11012-speaker_number-1,11012,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2380,yes -11012-speakers-1,11012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,000 according to 2011 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2380,yes -11013-context-1,11013,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally positive attitude.""}",,,bib6562,yes -11013-speaker_number-1,11013,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6562,yes -11013-speakers-1,11013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~84,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6562,yes -11013-LEI-1,11013,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6562,yes -11013-transmission-1,11013,transmission,0,transmission-0,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6562,yes -11013-domains_of_use-1,11013,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6562,yes -11013-speaker_number_trends-1,11013,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6562,yes -11013-vitality-1,11013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6562,yes -11023-context-1,11023,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education in French"", ""Tahitian with people from other islands""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tahitian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Reo Ra’ivavae is the autochthonous language of Ra’ivavae, however French is official on the island and is used in governmental and educational domains... Education is conducted mostly in French, with a few hours per week dedicated to Reo Ra’ivavae. Tahitian, as the lingua franca of French-occupied Polynesia, is also spoken, particularly between immigrants from other islands. For the Ra’ivavae diaspora on Tahiti, almost all are multilingual in both Tahitian and French.",bib7694,yes -11023-location-1,11023,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the island of Ra\u2019ivavae in the Austral Island archipelago of French-occupied Polynesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.86742446282182, -147.65510405689076]]}",,,bib7694,yes -11023-speaker_number-1,11023,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The vitality of Reo Ra’ivavae is undeterminable with the currently available data. The most recent census reports 524 out of 703 people over fifteen years of age in Ra’ivavae speak the language at home (Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie française 2017), however it is unclear whether this represents people speaking a local variety of Tahitian or traditional Reo Ra’ivavae.",bib7694,yes -11023-speakers-1,11023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~524"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The vitality of Reo Ra’ivavae is undeterminable with the currently available data. The most recent census reports 524 out of 703 people over fifteen years of age in Ra’ivavae speak the language at home (Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie française 2017), however it is unclear whether this represents people speaking a local variety of Tahitian or traditional Reo Ra’ivavae.",bib7694,yes -11023-LEI-1,11023,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7694,yes -11023-transmission-1,11023,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7694,yes -11023-vitality-1,11023,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7694,yes -11025-context-1,11025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomons Pijin""}",,,bib6631,yes -11025-speaker_number-1,11025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"It is difficult to state the total number of Roviana speakers with certainty. Most estimates rely on census data collected decades ago... Based on the current estimates, it seems likely that there are from 5,000 to 10,000 native speakers of Roviana.",bib6631,yes -11025-speakers-1,11025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"It is difficult to state the total number of Roviana speakers with certainty. Most estimates rely on census data collected decades ago... Based on the current estimates, it seems likely that there are from 5,000 to 10,000 native speakers of Roviana.",bib6631,yes -11025-LEI-1,11025,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6631,yes -11025-transmission-1,11025,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6631,yes -11025-vitality-1,11025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6631,yes +11012-speaker_number-1,11012,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2393,yes +11012-speakers-1,11012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,000 according to 2011 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2393,yes +11013-context-1,11013,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally positive attitude.""}",,,bib6586,yes +11013-speaker_number-1,11013,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6586,yes +11013-speakers-1,11013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~84,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6586,yes +11013-LEI-1,11013,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6586,yes +11013-transmission-1,11013,transmission,0,transmission-0,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6586,yes +11013-domains_of_use-1,11013,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6586,yes +11013-speaker_number_trends-1,11013,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6586,yes +11013-vitality-1,11013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language is used in most domains except marketplace & education. Multilingual in English.,bib6586,yes +11023-context-1,11023,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education in French"", ""Tahitian with people from other islands""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tahitian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Reo Ra’ivavae is the autochthonous language of Ra’ivavae, however French is official on the island and is used in governmental and educational domains... Education is conducted mostly in French, with a few hours per week dedicated to Reo Ra’ivavae. Tahitian, as the lingua franca of French-occupied Polynesia, is also spoken, particularly between immigrants from other islands. For the Ra’ivavae diaspora on Tahiti, almost all are multilingual in both Tahitian and French.",bib7719,yes +11023-location-1,11023,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the island of Ra\u2019ivavae in the Austral Island archipelago of French-occupied Polynesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.86742446282182, -147.65510405689076]]}",,,bib7719,yes +11023-speaker_number-1,11023,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The vitality of Reo Ra’ivavae is undeterminable with the currently available data. The most recent census reports 524 out of 703 people over fifteen years of age in Ra’ivavae speak the language at home (Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie française 2017), however it is unclear whether this represents people speaking a local variety of Tahitian or traditional Reo Ra’ivavae.",bib7719,yes +11023-speakers-1,11023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~524"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The vitality of Reo Ra’ivavae is undeterminable with the currently available data. The most recent census reports 524 out of 703 people over fifteen years of age in Ra’ivavae speak the language at home (Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie française 2017), however it is unclear whether this represents people speaking a local variety of Tahitian or traditional Reo Ra’ivavae.",bib7719,yes +11023-LEI-1,11023,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7719,yes +11023-transmission-1,11023,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7719,yes +11023-vitality-1,11023,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Ra’ivavae population is undergoing language shift to Tahitian and there exists some degree of multilingualism on the island with French as well. While the exact degree of endangerment is unclear, the language is under threat and urgently requires significant study as there is as of yet very little documentation or description of the language... No formal language-use survey has been conducted yet, but based on the authors’ firsthand observations, the majority of children are no longer learning Reo Ra’ivavae at home... there is clear language shift ongoing in all districts.",bib7719,yes +11025-context-1,11025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomons Pijin""}",,,bib6655,yes +11025-speaker_number-1,11025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"It is difficult to state the total number of Roviana speakers with certainty. Most estimates rely on census data collected decades ago... Based on the current estimates, it seems likely that there are from 5,000 to 10,000 native speakers of Roviana.",bib6655,yes +11025-speakers-1,11025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"It is difficult to state the total number of Roviana speakers with certainty. Most estimates rely on census data collected decades ago... Based on the current estimates, it seems likely that there are from 5,000 to 10,000 native speakers of Roviana.",bib6655,yes +11025-LEI-1,11025,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6655,yes +11025-transmission-1,11025,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6655,yes +11025-vitality-1,11025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are no published data on the rate of intergenerational transmission of the Roviana language. However, I can provide some insights based on my own visits to Roviana communities. In my experience there were children speaking Roviana to each other in every town or village I visited... However, in both Tolavae and Munda I observed an asymmetry in how children use Roviana: boys use it when speaking with each other, while girls tend to speak to each other in Solo Pijin. It is not clear what conditions this pattern, or even the rate of prevalence; nonetheless it is an important concern for Roviana language conservation.",bib6655,yes 11026-speaker_number-1,11026,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,yes 11026-speakers-1,11026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,yes 11026-LEI-1,11026,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 11026-vitality-1,11026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -11029-speaker_number-1,11029,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1463,yes -11029-speakers-1,11029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,495"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1463,yes -11029-LEI-1,11029,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1463,yes -11029-speaker_number_trends-1,11029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1463,yes -11029-vitality-1,11029,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1463,yes -11041-location-1,11041,location,"{""Places"": [""Wallis Island""], ""Description"": ""Mainly spoken on Wallis island (French overseas territory of Wallis and Futuna), with a sizeable group in New Caledonia that relocated there in the 1950s."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.16, 176.12]]}",,,bib4697,yes -11041-speaker_number-1,11041,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4697,yes -11041-speakers-1,11041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4697,yes -11041-LEI-1,11041,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4697,yes -11041-transmission-1,11041,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4697,yes -11041-domains_of_use-1,11041,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4697,yes -11041-speaker_number_trends-1,11041,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4697,yes -11041-vitality-1,11041,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4697,yes -11042-location-1,11042,location,"{""Places"": [""Ouve\u0301a""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.44288, 166.617239]]}",,,bib2202,yes -11042-speaker_number-1,11042,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many who live along the language border also speak Iaai fluently.,bib2202,yes -11042-speakers-1,11042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many who live along the language border also speak Iaai fluently.,bib2202,yes -11042-LEI-1,11042,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2202,yes -11042-transmission-1,11042,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2202,yes -11042-domains_of_use-1,11042,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2202,yes -11042-speaker_number_trends-1,11042,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2202,yes -11042-vitality-1,11042,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2202,yes -11043-speaker_number-1,11043,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2380,yes -11043-speakers-1,11043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2380,yes -11043-LEI-1,11043,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2380,yes -11043-vitality-1,11043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2380,yes -11043-LEI-2,11043,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5489,no -11043-transmission-2,11043,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5489,no -11043-domains_of_use-2,11043,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5489,no -11043-speaker_number_trends-2,11043,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5489,no -11043-vitality-2,11043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5489,no -1122-context-1,1122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib5308,yes +11029-speaker_number-1,11029,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1475,yes +11029-speakers-1,11029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,495"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1475,yes +11029-LEI-1,11029,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1475,yes +11029-speaker_number_trends-1,11029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1475,yes +11029-vitality-1,11029,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1475,yes +11041-location-1,11041,location,"{""Places"": [""Wallis Island""], ""Description"": ""Mainly spoken on Wallis island (French overseas territory of Wallis and Futuna), with a sizeable group in New Caledonia that relocated there in the 1950s."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.16, 176.12]]}",,,bib4719,yes +11041-speaker_number-1,11041,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4719,yes +11041-speakers-1,11041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4719,yes +11041-LEI-1,11041,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4719,yes +11041-transmission-1,11041,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4719,yes +11041-domains_of_use-1,11041,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4719,yes +11041-speaker_number_trends-1,11041,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4719,yes +11041-vitality-1,11041,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In 2008, of speakers over age 14 living on Wallis Islands, 86.1% reported speaking primarily East Uvean in the home, while 12.1% reported speaking primarily French in the home. French is the official language of administration, government, and education, and the only (or dominant) language of contact with neighboring communities in Melanesian New Caledonia, French Polynesia and parts of Vanuatu.",bib4719,yes +11042-location-1,11042,location,"{""Places"": [""Ouve\u0301a""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.44288, 166.617239]]}",,,bib2215,yes +11042-speaker_number-1,11042,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many who live along the language border also speak Iaai fluently.,bib2215,yes +11042-speakers-1,11042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many who live along the language border also speak Iaai fluently.,bib2215,yes +11042-LEI-1,11042,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2215,yes +11042-transmission-1,11042,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2215,yes +11042-domains_of_use-1,11042,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2215,yes +11042-speaker_number_trends-1,11042,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2215,yes +11042-vitality-1,11042,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Fagauvea is spoken in the districts of Saint-Joseph, Imone and Takeji in the north of the island and the district Muli in the south. In Saint-Joseph it is the principal language of the Teuta, Takeji and Heo people, while in the southern part it is mainly spoken by the Muli and Lekin people.",bib2215,yes +11043-speaker_number-1,11043,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2393,yes +11043-speakers-1,11043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2393,yes +11043-LEI-1,11043,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2393,yes +11043-vitality-1,11043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2393,yes +11043-LEI-2,11043,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5512,no +11043-transmission-2,11043,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5512,no +11043-domains_of_use-2,11043,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5512,no +11043-speaker_number_trends-2,11043,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5512,no +11043-vitality-2,11043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5512,no +11047-location-1,11047,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.374817551896571, 76.75558292454049]]}",,,bib469,yes +11047-speaker_number-1,11047,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib469,yes +11047-speakers-1,11047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""134,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib469,yes +11047-LEI-1,11047,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many communities are seeing shift start now among the rising generation and certainly among school age children.,bib469,yes +11047-transmission-1,11047,transmission,2,transmission-2,Many communities are seeing shift start now among the rising generation and certainly among school age children.,bib469,yes +11047-vitality-1,11047,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Many communities are seeing shift start now among the rising generation and certainly among school age children.,bib469,yes +1122-context-1,1122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib5331,yes 1122-context-2,1122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,"In the present-day Bagulal society the mother tongue plays a secondary role, being only spoken at home. ",bib213,no -1122-location-1,1122,location,"{""Places"": [""Khushtada"", ""Tlondoda"", ""Kvanda"", ""Gemerso, Tsumanda County"", ""Tlissi"", ""Tlibisho, Akhvakh County""]}",,,bib5308,yes +1122-location-1,1122,location,"{""Places"": [""Khushtada"", ""Tlondoda"", ""Kvanda"", ""Gemerso, Tsumanda County"", ""Tlissi"", ""Tlibisho, Akhvakh County""]}",,,bib5331,yes 1122-location-2,1122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5833333333, 46.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1122-location-3,1122,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1122-location-4,1122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5247, 46.192]]}",,,bib5307,no -1122-speaker_number-1,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5308,yes -1122-speakers-1,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5308,yes +1122-location-4,1122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5247, 46.192]]}",,,bib5330,no +1122-speaker_number-1,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5331,yes +1122-speakers-1,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5331,yes 1122-speaker_number-2,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no 1122-speakers-2,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no -1122-speaker_number-3,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1122-speakers-3,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1122-speaker_number-3,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1122-speakers-3,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1122-speaker_number-4,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1122-speakers-4,1122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1122-speaker_number-5,1122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1122-speakers-5,1122,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1122-LEI-1,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -1122-vitality-1,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5308,yes +1122-LEI-1,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +1122-vitality-1,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5331,yes 1122-LEI-2,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1122-vitality-2,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1122-LEI-3,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1122-vitality-3,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1122-LEI-3,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1122-vitality-3,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1122-LEI-4,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1122-vitality-4,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1122-LEI-5,1122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1122-vitality-5,1122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1123-context-1,1123,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tatar, Russian""}",,,bib5308,yes -1123-location-1,1123,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Baraba Steppes, Novosibirsk"", ""Coordinates"": [[55.149606, 78.330788]]}",,,bib5308,yes -1123-speakers-1,1123,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000""}",,,bib5308,yes +1123-context-1,1123,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tatar, Russian""}",,,bib5331,yes +1123-location-1,1123,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Baraba Steppes, Novosibirsk"", ""Coordinates"": [[55.149606, 78.330788]]}",,,bib5331,yes +1123-speakers-1,1123,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000""}",,,bib5331,yes 1123-speaker_number-2,1123,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1123-speakers-2,1123,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1123-LEI-1,1123,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5308,yes -1123-transmission-1,1123,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5308,yes -1123-vitality-1,1123,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5308,yes +1123-LEI-1,1123,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5331,yes +1123-transmission-1,1123,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5331,yes +1123-vitality-1,1123,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are 8,000 members of the ethnic group, but only the elderly speak Baraba Tatar, while the younger generations use Tatar and Russian.",bib5331,yes 1123-LEI-2,1123,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1123-vitality-2,1123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1124-context-1,1124,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,"For centuries, Batsbi served the community as a spoken language, while Georgian was used for writing and higher domains such as religion. The situation of stable bilingualism began to change with Georgian slowly replacing Batsbi as the spoken language. ... One of the factors is the high degree of intermarriages between Tsova Tush men and women from different villages, making Georgian a natural choice for a language of communication between family members.",bib6994,yes -1124-context-2,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,,bib5308,no -1124-context-3,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Georgian is used in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian; Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Batsbi people speak Georgian, and many also speak Russian; none of these three languages is related to the others. For several generations Batsbi people have attended schools taught in Georgian.",bib6489,no -1124-context-4,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7188,no +1124-context-1,1124,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,"For centuries, Batsbi served the community as a spoken language, while Georgian was used for writing and higher domains such as religion. The situation of stable bilingualism began to change with Georgian slowly replacing Batsbi as the spoken language. ... One of the factors is the high degree of intermarriages between Tsova Tush men and women from different villages, making Georgian a natural choice for a language of communication between family members.",bib7018,yes +1124-context-2,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,,bib5331,no +1124-context-3,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Georgian is used in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian; Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Batsbi people speak Georgian, and many also speak Russian; none of these three languages is related to the others. For several generations Batsbi people have attended schools taught in Georgian.",bib6513,no +1124-context-4,1124,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7212,no 1124-context-6,1124,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,,bib213,no -1124-location-1,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""In the Zemo Alvani village in the Akhmeta region of Kakheti""}",,,bib6994,yes -1124-location-2,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Zemo-Alvani, Akhmeta County, Georgia""]}",,,bib5308,no +1124-location-1,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""In the Zemo Alvani village in the Akhmeta region of Kakheti""}",,,bib7018,yes +1124-location-2,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Zemo-Alvani, Akhmeta County, Georgia""]}",,,bib5331,no 1124-location-3,1124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5, 45.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1124-location-4,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""]}",,,bib67,no -1124-location-5,1124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0982, 45.0878]]}",,,bib5307,no -1124-location-6,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.045117, 45.302274]]}",,Batsbi is spoken in the village of Zemo Alvani (Upper Alvani) in the Kakheti region of the Republic of Georgia.,bib6489,no -1124-location-7,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Within one village of northeast Georgia""}",,,bib7188,no -1124-speaker_number-1,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Different linguistic studies put the number of speakers at approximately 3,000, yet [Revaz Orbetishvili] estimates that active speakers may be as few as 800.",bib6994,yes -1124-speakers-1,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Different linguistic studies put the number of speakers at approximately 3,000, yet [Revaz Orbetishvili] estimates that active speakers may be as few as 800.",bib6994,yes -1124-speaker_number-2,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5308,no -1124-speakers-2,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5308,no +1124-location-5,1124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0982, 45.0878]]}",,,bib5330,no +1124-location-6,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.045117, 45.302274]]}",,Batsbi is spoken in the village of Zemo Alvani (Upper Alvani) in the Kakheti region of the Republic of Georgia.,bib6513,no +1124-location-7,1124,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Within one village of northeast Georgia""}",,,bib7212,no +1124-speaker_number-1,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Different linguistic studies put the number of speakers at approximately 3,000, yet [Revaz Orbetishvili] estimates that active speakers may be as few as 800.",bib7018,yes +1124-speakers-1,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Different linguistic studies put the number of speakers at approximately 3,000, yet [Revaz Orbetishvili] estimates that active speakers may be as few as 800.",bib7018,yes +1124-speaker_number-2,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5331,no +1124-speakers-2,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5331,no 1124-speaker_number-3,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1124-speakers-3,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1124-speaker_number-4,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1124-speakers-4,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1124-speaker_number-5,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Batsbi, an endangered language of the Nakh-Daghestanian family [...] is now spoken by perhaps only two or three hundred individuals.",bib6489,no -1124-speakers-5,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Batsbi, an endangered language of the Nakh-Daghestanian family [...] is now spoken by perhaps only two or three hundred individuals.",bib6489,no -1124-speaker_number-6,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Number in 1953 given as over 3,000.",bib7188,no -1124-speakers-6,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Number in 1953 given as over 3,000.",bib7188,no -1124-speaker_number-7,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1327,no -1124-speakers-7,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1327,no +1124-speaker_number-4,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1124-speakers-4,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1124-speaker_number-5,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Batsbi, an endangered language of the Nakh-Daghestanian family [...] is now spoken by perhaps only two or three hundred individuals.",bib6513,no +1124-speakers-5,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Batsbi, an endangered language of the Nakh-Daghestanian family [...] is now spoken by perhaps only two or three hundred individuals.",bib6513,no +1124-speaker_number-6,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Number in 1953 given as over 3,000.",bib7212,no +1124-speakers-6,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Number in 1953 given as over 3,000.",bib7212,no +1124-speaker_number-7,1124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1336,no +1124-speakers-7,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1336,no 1124-speaker_number-8,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1124-speakers-8,1124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1124-speaker_number-9,1124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1124-speakers-9,1124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500-3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1124-LEI-1,1124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib6994,yes -1124-transmission-1,1124,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib6994,yes -1124-domains_of_use-1,1124,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib6994,yes -1124-vitality-1,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib6994,yes -1124-LEI-2,1124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,no -1124-transmission-2,1124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5308,no -1124-vitality-2,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,no +1124-LEI-1,1124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib7018,yes +1124-transmission-1,1124,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib7018,yes +1124-domains_of_use-1,1124,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib7018,yes +1124-vitality-1,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’",bib7018,yes +1124-LEI-2,1124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,no +1124-transmission-2,1124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5331,no +1124-vitality-2,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,no 1124-LEI-3,1124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1124-vitality-3,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1124-LEI-4,1124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1124-vitality-4,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1124-LEI-5,1124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Batsbi (also known as Bats or Tsova-Tush) is a severely endangered language of the Nakh branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family.,bib6489,no -1124-vitality-5,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Batsbi (also known as Bats or Tsova-Tush) is a severely endangered language of the Nakh branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family.,bib6489,no -1124-LEI-6,1124,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7188,no -1124-domains_of_use-6,1124,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7188,no -1124-vitality-6,1124,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7188,no -1124-LEI-7,1124,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1327,no -1124-transmission-7,1124,transmission,2,transmission-2,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1327,no -1124-vitality-7,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1327,no +1124-LEI-4,1124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1124-vitality-4,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1124-LEI-5,1124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Batsbi (also known as Bats or Tsova-Tush) is a severely endangered language of the Nakh branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family.,bib6513,no +1124-vitality-5,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Batsbi (also known as Bats or Tsova-Tush) is a severely endangered language of the Nakh branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family.,bib6513,no +1124-LEI-6,1124,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7212,no +1124-domains_of_use-6,1124,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7212,no +1124-vitality-6,1124,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing,bib7212,no +1124-LEI-7,1124,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1336,no +1124-transmission-7,1124,transmission,2,transmission-2,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1336,no +1124-vitality-7,1124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.,bib1336,no 1124-LEI-8,1124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1124-vitality-8,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1124-LEI-9,1124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1124-vitality-9,1124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1125-location-1,1125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9692, 86.9004]]}",,,bib5307,no -1125-location-2,1125,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotang district in eastern Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.0167, 86.85]]}",,,bib6741,yes +1125-location-1,1125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9692, 86.9004]]}",,,bib5330,no +1125-location-2,1125,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotang district in eastern Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.0167, 86.85]]}",,,bib6765,yes 1125-location-3,1125,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no 1125-location-4,1125,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1125-speaker_number-1,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1125-speakers-1,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1125-speaker_number-2,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6741,yes -1125-speakers-2,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6741,yes +1125-speaker_number-1,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1125-speakers-1,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1125-speaker_number-2,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6765,yes +1125-speakers-2,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6765,yes 1125-speaker_number-3,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib140,no 1125-speakers-3,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6686"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib140,no 1125-speaker_number-4,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1125-speakers-4,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1125-speaker_number-5,1125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 1125-speakers-5,1125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -1125-LEI-1,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1125-vitality-1,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1125-LEI-2,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6741,yes -1125-vitality-2,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6741,yes +1125-LEI-1,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1125-vitality-1,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1125-LEI-2,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6765,yes +1125-vitality-2,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6765,yes 1125-LEI-3,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 1125-vitality-3,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no 1125-LEI-4,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -5302,522 +5364,522 @@ Ibatan-medium education through Grade 3, but instructors speak and read Ilokano. 1125-LEI-5,1125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1125-vitality-5,1125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1126-location-1,1126,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1126-location-2,1126,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.673658, 133.885725]]}",,,bib7945,no -1126-location-3,1126,location,"{""Places"": [""Arnhem Land, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Arnhem Land""}",,,bib5982,yes -1126-location-4,1126,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Territory, southeastern Arnhem Land, north of Roper River""]}",,,bib5309,no -1126-speaker_number-1,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1126-speakers-1,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1126-location-2,1126,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.673658, 133.885725]]}",,,bib7970,no +1126-location-3,1126,location,"{""Places"": [""Arnhem Land, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Arnhem Land""}",,,bib6006,yes +1126-location-4,1126,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Territory, southeastern Arnhem Land, north of Roper River""]}",,,bib5332,no +1126-speaker_number-1,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1126-speakers-1,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1126-speaker_number-2,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 1126-speakers-2,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 1126-speaker_number-3,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1126-speakers-3,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -1126-speaker_number-4,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1126-speakers-4,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1126-speaker_number-4,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1126-speakers-4,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1126-speaker_number-5,1126,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1126-speakers-5,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1126-speaker_number-6,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 master speakers,bib5982,yes -1126-speakers-6,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 master speakers,bib5982,yes -1126-speaker_number-7,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1981, possibly ten speakers were reported. Now several speakers still remain.",bib5309,no -1126-speakers-7,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1981, possibly ten speakers were reported. Now several speakers still remain.",bib5309,no -1126-speaker_number-8,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5983,no -1126-speakers-8,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5983,no -1126-LEI-1,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1126-vitality-1,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1126-speaker_number-6,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 master speakers,bib6006,yes +1126-speakers-6,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 master speakers,bib6006,yes +1126-speaker_number-7,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1981, possibly ten speakers were reported. Now several speakers still remain.",bib5332,no +1126-speakers-7,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1981, possibly ten speakers were reported. Now several speakers still remain.",bib5332,no +1126-speaker_number-8,1126,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6007,no +1126-speakers-8,1126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6007,no +1126-LEI-1,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1126-vitality-1,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1126-LEI-2,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1126-vitality-2,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1126-LEI-3,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1126-vitality-3,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1126-LEI-4,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1126-vitality-4,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1126-LEI-4,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1126-vitality-4,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1126-LEI-5,1126,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1126-vitality-5,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1126-LEI-6,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5982,yes -1126-vitality-6,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5982,yes -1126-LEI-7,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,no -1126-transmission-7,1126,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,no -1126-domains_of_use-7,1126,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,no -1126-speaker_number_trends-7,1126,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,no -1126-vitality-7,1126,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,no -1126-LEI-8,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5983,no -1126-vitality-8,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5983,no -1127-context-1,1127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib6728,no +1126-LEI-6,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6006,yes +1126-vitality-6,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6006,yes +1126-LEI-7,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,no +1126-transmission-7,1126,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,no +1126-domains_of_use-7,1126,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,no +1126-speaker_number_trends-7,1126,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,no +1126-vitality-7,1126,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,no +1126-LEI-8,1126,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6007,no +1126-vitality-8,1126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6007,no +1127-context-1,1127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib6752,no 1127-context-2,1127,context,"{""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Penan contact with other groups means they are generally exposed to a minimum of three languages beyond their own in their daily lives, and these include one or more of the following in Sarawak: Kayan, Kelabit, Kenyah, or Sa'ban (the ethnolinguistic groups located nearest to Penan); in Brunei, neighbouring groups include Dusun and Iban, with a recorded high degree of affiliation to local Iban (Sercombe 2003). Penan are inevitably primary bilinguals through acquiring a neighbouring language via informal exposure; and they are balanced bilinguals by often having a high level of second language competence. This second local language is also additive in that it is acquired without pressure and generally functions, in areas where Penan live, as a means of wider communication within the larger sub‐district speech community... -When Penan children enter primary education, they are submerged in language education that takes place in either a second or foreign language(s). As stated earlier, (p.196) Penan children are taught in Malay medium in Sarawak throughout their school years. In Brunei, primary education is through Malay until year three, following which it shifts to English medium (theoretically at least, for the aforementioned subjects— Geography, History, Maths, and Science). Children are thus under pressure to be multilingual in Malay (the national language of Malaysia and Brunei) and English if they are to progress in education. Minority groups with a different first language from the national code are obliged to acquire a sufficient level of the selected medium in order to benefit from the formal education to which they are exposed, a form of transitional bilingualism which (whether deliberate or not) aims at language shift (cf. Gunn 1997; Martin 2002; and Wellen 2006).",bib6730,yes +When Penan children enter primary education, they are submerged in language education that takes place in either a second or foreign language(s). As stated earlier, (p.196) Penan children are taught in Malay medium in Sarawak throughout their school years. In Brunei, primary education is through Malay until year three, following which it shifts to English medium (theoretically at least, for the aforementioned subjects— Geography, History, Maths, and Science). Children are thus under pressure to be multilingual in Malay (the national language of Malaysia and Brunei) and English if they are to progress in education. Minority groups with a different first language from the national code are obliged to acquire a sufficient level of the selected medium in order to benefit from the formal education to which they are exposed, a form of transitional bilingualism which (whether deliberate or not) aims at language shift (cf. Gunn 1997; Martin 2002; and Wellen 2006).",bib6754,yes 1127-location-1,1127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.59, 114.58]]}",,,bib75,no 1127-location-2,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""In Malaysia: \""Sarawak, Apoh river district, east of Baram river.\"" In Brunei: \""Belait District, west of the Baram river.\""""}",,,bib69,no -1127-location-3,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""Sarawak in Malaysia""}",,,bib6728,no -1127-location-4,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Indonesian"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""traditionally inhabit hilly areas in the interior of northeast Borneo""}",,"the middle part of the Baram River, and east towards the Limbang River watershed in Sarawak, as well as northwards into the southern part of Brunei's western divide",bib6730,yes -1127-location-5,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""The Easter Penan inhabit north eastern Sarawak and the south of Brunei Darussalam. Until the early part of the 20th century they were hunter-gatherers, but most have now settled and become rice farmers. They are located in the upper reaches of the Baram river.""}",,,bib6729,no +1127-location-3,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""Sarawak in Malaysia""}",,,bib6752,no +1127-location-4,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Indonesian"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""traditionally inhabit hilly areas in the interior of northeast Borneo""}",,"the middle part of the Baram River, and east towards the Limbang River watershed in Sarawak, as well as northwards into the southern part of Brunei's western divide",bib6754,yes +1127-location-5,1127,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""The Easter Penan inhabit north eastern Sarawak and the south of Brunei Darussalam. Until the early part of the 20th century they were hunter-gatherers, but most have now settled and become rice farmers. They are located in the upper reaches of the Baram river.""}",,,bib6753,no 1127-speaker_number-1,1127,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 in Malaysia (2011 SIL). 55 in Brunei (2003 P. Sercombe).",bib69,no 1127-speakers-1,1127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,055"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 in Malaysia (2011 SIL). 55 in Brunei (2003 P. Sercombe).",bib69,no -1127-speaker_number-2,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6728,no -1127-speakers-2,1127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6728,no -1127-speaker_number-3,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6730,yes -1127-speakers-3,1127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Krauss 1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6730,yes -1127-speaker_number-4,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data gathered by Sellato and Sercombe show ethnic populations numbers and not necessarily numbers of native speakers. A significant portion of the younger population may be speaking only Malay, so ethnic population numbers are approximate at best when referring to number of speakers.",bib6729,no -1127-speakers-4,1127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data gathered by Sellato and Sercombe show ethnic populations numbers and not necessarily numbers of native speakers. A significant portion of the younger population may be speaking only Malay, so ethnic population numbers are approximate at best when referring to number of speakers.",bib6729,no +1127-speaker_number-2,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6752,no +1127-speakers-2,1127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6752,no +1127-speaker_number-3,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6754,yes +1127-speakers-3,1127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Krauss 1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6754,yes +1127-speaker_number-4,1127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data gathered by Sellato and Sercombe show ethnic populations numbers and not necessarily numbers of native speakers. A significant portion of the younger population may be speaking only Malay, so ethnic population numbers are approximate at best when referring to number of speakers.",bib6753,no +1127-speakers-4,1127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data gathered by Sellato and Sercombe show ethnic populations numbers and not necessarily numbers of native speakers. A significant portion of the younger population may be speaking only Malay, so ethnic population numbers are approximate at best when referring to number of speakers.",bib6753,no 1127-LEI-1,1127,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1127-vitality-1,1127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1127-LEI-2,1127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6728,no -1127-vitality-2,1127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6728,no -1127-LEI-3,1127,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6730,yes -1127-transmission-3,1127,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6730,yes -1127-domains_of_use-3,1127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6730,yes -1127-vitality-3,1127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6730,yes -1127-LEI-4,1127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6729,no -1127-vitality-4,1127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6729,no -1128-context-1,1128,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education and media""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib6983,no -1128-location-1,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Northern Ambrym Island""}",,,bib1913,yes -1128-location-2,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.121601, 168.161198]]}",,,bib395,no -1128-location-3,1128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.186489, 168.137208]]}",,,bib7945,no -1128-location-4,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Ambrym Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""coastal and inland areas of northern Ambrym Island""}",,,bib2729,no +1127-LEI-2,1127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6752,no +1127-vitality-2,1127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6752,no +1127-LEI-3,1127,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6754,yes +1127-transmission-3,1127,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6754,yes +1127-domains_of_use-3,1127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6754,yes +1127-vitality-3,1127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While the Penan are not currently declining in number—in fact their total population is increasing (Sercombe 2002b)—the domains of use for the language are shrinking as their hunting and gathering way of life becomes unsustainable. Essentially, foraging has become more of a supplementary socio‐economic activity than a means of basic subsistence (cf. Harrison 2007). Formal education and literacy training, in Malay and English, have also usurped some aspects of socialization and informal education in Penan.",bib6754,yes +1127-LEI-4,1127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6753,no +1127-vitality-4,1127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6753,no +1128-context-1,1128,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education and media""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English, French""}",,,bib7007,no +1128-location-1,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Northern Ambrym Island""}",,,bib1925,yes +1128-location-2,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.121601, 168.161198]]}",,,bib396,no +1128-location-3,1128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.186489, 168.137208]]}",,,bib7970,no +1128-location-4,1128,location,"{""Places"": [""Ambrym Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""coastal and inland areas of northern Ambrym Island""}",,,bib2743,no 1128-speaker_number-1,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 1128-speakers-1,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -1128-speaker_number-2,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There is almost no information available on North Ambrym. It has a relatively high number of speakers, but the linguistic situation remains unknown.",bib1913,yes -1128-speakers-2,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There is almost no information available on North Ambrym. It has a relatively high number of speakers, but the linguistic situation remains unknown.",bib1913,yes -1128-speaker_number-3,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib395,no -1128-speakers-3,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib395,no -1128-speaker_number-4,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Each major language varieties, Daakiye, Daakaka and Dal kalaen- has 1000 to 2000 speakers",bib6983,no -1128-speakers-4,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Each major language varieties, Daakiye, Daakaka and Dal kalaen- has 1000 to 2000 speakers",bib6983,no -1128-speaker_number-5,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2729,no -1128-speakers-5,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2729,no +1128-speaker_number-2,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There is almost no information available on North Ambrym. It has a relatively high number of speakers, but the linguistic situation remains unknown.",bib1925,yes +1128-speakers-2,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There is almost no information available on North Ambrym. It has a relatively high number of speakers, but the linguistic situation remains unknown.",bib1925,yes +1128-speaker_number-3,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib396,no +1128-speakers-3,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib396,no +1128-speaker_number-4,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Each major language varieties, Daakiye, Daakaka and Dal kalaen- has 1000 to 2000 speakers",bib7007,no +1128-speakers-4,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Each major language varieties, Daakiye, Daakaka and Dal kalaen- has 1000 to 2000 speakers",bib7007,no +1128-speaker_number-5,1128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2743,no +1128-speakers-5,1128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2743,no 1128-LEI-1,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1128-vitality-1,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1128-LEI-2,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -1128-vitality-2,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes -1128-LEI-3,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -1128-vitality-3,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -1128-LEI-4,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1128-vitality-4,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -1128-LEI-5,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2729,no -1128-vitality-5,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2729,no +1128-LEI-2,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +1128-vitality-2,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes +1128-LEI-3,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +1128-vitality-3,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +1128-LEI-4,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1128-vitality-4,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +1128-LEI-5,1128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2743,no +1128-vitality-5,1128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2743,no 1129-location-1,1129,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Alto Paraguay Department (Ybytoso), Karchabalut, Misión Santa Teresita, Puerto Caballo, Puerto Diana, Puerto Esperanza, and Inihta; Alto Paraguay Department (Tomárãho), Puerto María Elena, and Pitiantuta.",bib67,no -1129-location-2,1129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.0595, -55.6127]]}",,,bib5307,no +1129-location-2,1129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.0595, -55.6127]]}",,,bib5330,no 1129-location-3,1129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.59, -58.2]]}",,,bib75,no -1129-location-4,1129,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Paraguay: Department of Alto Paraguay, District of Fuerte Olimpo; Dept. of Ventral, District of Luque.""}",,,bib1903,no -1129-location-5,1129,location,"{""Places"": [""Alto Paraguay department, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1527,yes +1129-location-4,1129,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Paraguay: Department of Alto Paraguay, District of Fuerte Olimpo; Dept. of Ventral, District of Luque.""}",,,bib1915,no +1129-location-5,1129,location,"{""Places"": [""Alto Paraguay department, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1539,yes 1129-speaker_number-1,1129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,600 (Fabre 2007). Ethnic population: 1,800 (Unchanged 2006.)",bib67,no 1129-speakers-1,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,600 (Fabre 2007). Ethnic population: 1,800 (Unchanged 2006.)",bib67,no -1129-speaker_number-2,1129,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1129-speakers-2,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1129-speaker_number-3,1129,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1129-speakers-3,1129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""910"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +1129-speaker_number-2,1129,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1129-speakers-2,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1129-speaker_number-3,1129,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1129-speakers-3,1129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""910"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 1129-speaker_number-4,1129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1129-speakers-4,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1129-speaker_number-5,1129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1527,yes -1129-speakers-5,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1527,yes +1129-speaker_number-5,1129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1539,yes +1129-speakers-5,1129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1539,yes 1129-LEI-1,1129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1129-vitality-1,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1129-LEI-2,1129,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1129-vitality-2,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1129-LEI-3,1129,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1129-vitality-3,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1129-LEI-2,1129,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1129-vitality-2,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1129-LEI-3,1129,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1129-vitality-3,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1129-LEI-4,1129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1129-vitality-4,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1129-LEI-5,1129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes -1129-vitality-5,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes +1129-LEI-5,1129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1539,yes +1129-vitality-5,1129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1539,yes 1130-context-1,1130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Assamese, Nepali""}",,,bib68,yes -1130-location-1,1130,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib6001,no +1130-location-1,1130,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib6025,no 1130-location-2,1130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5, 95.25]]}",,,bib216,no -1130-location-3,1130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.526319, 93.115814]]}",,,bib7945,no -1130-location-4,1130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1473, 94.5538]]}",,,bib5307,no -1130-speaker_number-2,1130,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1130-speakers-2,1130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1130-location-3,1130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.526319, 93.115814]]}",,,bib7970,no +1130-location-4,1130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1473, 94.5538]]}",,,bib5330,no +1130-speaker_number-2,1130,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1130-speakers-2,1130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1130-speaker_number-3,1130,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"97,000 speakers in India. 100,190 speakers worldwide.",bib68,yes 1130-speakers-3,1130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,190"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census of India)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"97,000 speakers in India. 100,190 speakers worldwide.",bib68,yes 1130-speaker_number-4,1130,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1130-speakers-4,1130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""111,088"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1130-LEI-1,1130,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1130-vitality-1,1130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1130-LEI-1,1130,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1130-vitality-1,1130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1130-LEI-2,1130,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 1130-vitality-2,1130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes 1130-LEI-3,1130,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1130-vitality-3,1130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1131-context-1,1131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka""}",,"Speakers of Bainouk have been bilingual in Mandinka for such a long time that bilingualism is an integral part of their identity. Following economic and linguistic pressure on the Bainouk, they are giving up their established bilingualism and shift to Mandinka and regionally and nationally dominant languages.",bib4761,yes -1131-location-1,1131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7421, -16.1141]]}",,,bib5307,no -1131-location-2,1131,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal, Gambia""], ""Description"": ""Upper Casamance region of Senegal and Gambia""}",,,bib4761,yes +1131-context-1,1131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka""}",,"Speakers of Bainouk have been bilingual in Mandinka for such a long time that bilingualism is an integral part of their identity. Following economic and linguistic pressure on the Bainouk, they are giving up their established bilingualism and shift to Mandinka and regionally and nationally dominant languages.",bib4783,yes +1131-location-1,1131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7421, -16.1141]]}",,,bib5330,no +1131-location-2,1131,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal, Gambia""], ""Description"": ""Upper Casamance region of Senegal and Gambia""}",,,bib4783,yes 1131-location-3,1131,location,"{""Places"": [""Gambia"", ""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,no -1131-speaker_number-1,1131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1131-speakers-1,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,635"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1131-speaker_number-2,1131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4761,yes -1131-speakers-2,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4761,yes +1131-speaker_number-1,1131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1131-speakers-1,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,635"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1131-speaker_number-2,1131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4783,yes +1131-speakers-2,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4783,yes 1131-speaker_number-3,1131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1131-speakers-3,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,635"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1131-speaker_number-4,1131,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1131-speakers-4,1131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1131-LEI-1,1131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1131-vitality-1,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1131-LEI-2,1131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4761,yes -1131-vitality-2,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4761,yes +1131-LEI-1,1131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1131-vitality-1,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1131-LEI-2,1131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4783,yes +1131-vitality-2,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4783,yes 1131-LEI-3,1131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1131-vitality-3,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1131-LEI-4,1131,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1131-vitality-4,1131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1132-context-1,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Varieties of English have taken over within 40 years of significant white contact. The variety of English will depend on the speaker's age, sex and background (in terms of education, work experience, etc.) as well as situation.",bib7685,no -1132-context-2,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6389,no -1132-context-3,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"In 1981, about fifty speakers were reported. There has been a rapid shift to English by the speakers since they were taken from Bentinck Island and brought to Mornington Island Mission in 1940, with children prevented from seeing their parents and kept in dormitories.",bib5309,yes -1132-location-1,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Mornington Island, Gulf of Carpentaria"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.497982, 139.406097]]}",,,bib7685,no -1132-location-2,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Mornington and Bentinck Islands, Australia""]}",,,bib2980,no +1132-context-1,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Varieties of English have taken over within 40 years of significant white contact. The variety of English will depend on the speaker's age, sex and background (in terms of education, work experience, etc.) as well as situation.",bib7710,no +1132-context-2,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6413,no +1132-context-3,1132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"In 1981, about fifty speakers were reported. There has been a rapid shift to English by the speakers since they were taken from Bentinck Island and brought to Mornington Island Mission in 1940, with children prevented from seeing their parents and kept in dormitories.",bib5332,yes +1132-location-1,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Mornington Island, Gulf of Carpentaria"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.497982, 139.406097]]}",,,bib7710,no +1132-location-2,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Mornington and Bentinck Islands, Australia""]}",,,bib2994,no 1132-location-3,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1132-location-4,1132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.08808051, 139.4873823]]}",,,bib1182,no -1132-location-5,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""]}",,,bib6389,no -1132-location-6,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Queensland, on Bentinck Island in the southeastern corner of the Gulf of Carpentaria.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1132-speaker_number-1,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7935,no -1132-speakers-1,1132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4-6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7935,no -1132-speaker_number-3,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2980,no -1132-speakers-3,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2980,no +1132-location-4,1132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.08808051, 139.4873823]]}",,,bib1191,no +1132-location-5,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""]}",,,bib6413,no +1132-location-6,1132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Queensland, on Bentinck Island in the southeastern corner of the Gulf of Carpentaria.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1132-speaker_number-1,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7960,no +1132-speakers-1,1132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4-6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7960,no +1132-speaker_number-3,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2994,no +1132-speakers-3,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2994,no 1132-speakers-4,1132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Nearly extinct"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Elders"": ""Shifted to English. Only older adults.""}",,Ethnic population: 150 (2000 N. Evans),bib67,no 1132-speaker_number-5,1132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1132-speakers-5,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -1132-speaker_number-6,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -1132-speakers-6,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -1132-speaker_number-7,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2511,no -1132-speakers-7,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2511,no -1132-speaker_number-8,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1132-speakers-8,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +1132-speaker_number-6,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +1132-speakers-6,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +1132-speaker_number-7,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2524,no +1132-speakers-7,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2524,no +1132-speaker_number-8,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1132-speakers-8,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 1132-speaker_number-9,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1132-speakers-9,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1132-speaker_number-10,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6389,no -1132-speakers-10,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,,bib6389,no -1132-speaker_number-11,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only five full speakers left.,bib5309,yes -1132-speakers-11,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,There are only five full speakers left.,bib5309,yes -1132-LEI-1,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -1132-vitality-1,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no -1132-LEI-2,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2980,no -1132-transmission-2,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2980,no -1132-vitality-2,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2980,no +1132-speaker_number-10,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6413,no +1132-speakers-10,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,,bib6413,no +1132-speaker_number-11,1132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only five full speakers left.,bib5332,yes +1132-speakers-11,1132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,There are only five full speakers left.,bib5332,yes +1132-LEI-1,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +1132-vitality-1,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no +1132-LEI-2,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2994,no +1132-transmission-2,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2994,no +1132-vitality-2,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2994,no 1132-LEI-4,1132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1132-vitality-4,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1132-LEI-5,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1132-vitality-5,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -1132-LEI-6,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -1132-transmission-6,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2511,no -1132-vitality-6,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2511,no -1132-LEI-7,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1132-vitality-7,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1132-LEI-5,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1132-vitality-5,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +1132-LEI-6,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +1132-transmission-6,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2524,no +1132-vitality-6,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2524,no +1132-LEI-7,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1132-vitality-7,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1132-LEI-8,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1132-vitality-8,1132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1132-LEI-9,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6389,no -1132-transmission-9,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6389,no -1132-vitality-9,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6389,no -1132-LEI-10,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5309,yes -1132-transmission-10,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5309,yes -1132-domains_of_use-10,1132,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5309,yes -1132-speaker_number_trends-10,1132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5309,yes -1132-vitality-10,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5309,yes -1133-context-1,1133,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Wik-Mungkan""}",,,bib576,yes -1133-context-2,1133,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Mungkan""}",,There is pressure from the large neighbouring closely related lingua franca Wik-Munkan.,bib7937,no -1133-location-1,1133,location,"{""Places"": [""Cape York Peninsula, Australia""], ""Description"": ""West coast of Cape York Peninsula""}",,,bib576,yes +1132-LEI-9,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6413,no +1132-transmission-9,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6413,no +1132-vitality-9,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6413,no +1132-LEI-10,1132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5332,yes +1132-transmission-10,1132,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5332,yes +1132-domains_of_use-10,1132,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5332,yes +1132-speaker_number_trends-10,1132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5332,yes +1132-vitality-10,1132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There are limited materials prepared for school.,bib5332,yes +1133-context-1,1133,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Wik-Mungkan""}",,,bib579,yes +1133-context-2,1133,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Mungkan""}",,There is pressure from the large neighbouring closely related lingua franca Wik-Munkan.,bib7962,no +1133-location-1,1133,location,"{""Places"": [""Cape York Peninsula, Australia""], ""Description"": ""West coast of Cape York Peninsula""}",,,bib579,yes 1133-location-2,1133,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1133-location-3,1133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.754717, 142.173939]]}",,,bib7945,no -1133-speaker_number-1,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -1133-speakers-1,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -1133-speaker_number-2,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib576,yes -1133-speakers-2,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib576,yes +1133-location-3,1133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.754717, 142.173939]]}",,,bib7970,no +1133-speaker_number-1,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +1133-speakers-1,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +1133-speaker_number-2,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib579,yes +1133-speakers-2,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib579,yes 1133-speaker_number-3,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 1133-speakers-3,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 1133-speaker_number-4,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 1133-speakers-4,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -1133-speaker_number-5,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1133-speakers-5,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1133-speaker_number-5,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1133-speakers-5,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1133-speaker_number-6,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1133-speakers-6,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""126"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1133-speaker_number-7,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 126 speakers were reported. The number of speakers is less now.",bib7937,no -1133-speakers-7,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<126"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 126 speakers were reported. The number of speakers is less now.",bib7937,no -1133-LEI-1,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1133-vitality-1,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -1133-LEI-2,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib576,yes -1133-vitality-2,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib576,yes +1133-speaker_number-7,1133,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 126 speakers were reported. The number of speakers is less now.",bib7962,no +1133-speakers-7,1133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<126"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 126 speakers were reported. The number of speakers is less now.",bib7962,no +1133-LEI-1,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1133-vitality-1,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +1133-LEI-2,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib579,yes +1133-vitality-2,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib579,yes 1133-LEI-3,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1133-vitality-3,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1133-LEI-4,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1133-vitality-4,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1133-LEI-5,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1133-vitality-5,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1133-LEI-5,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1133-vitality-5,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1133-LEI-6,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1133-vitality-6,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1133-LEI-7,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -1133-vitality-7,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -1134-location-1,1134,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Province, Zambia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.154511, 22.017453]]}",,,bib4401,yes -1134-speaker_number-1,1134,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4401,yes -1134-speakers-1,1134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4401,yes +1133-LEI-7,1133,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +1133-vitality-7,1133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +1134-location-1,1134,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Province, Zambia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.154511, 22.017453]]}",,,bib4422,yes +1134-speaker_number-1,1134,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4422,yes +1134-speakers-1,1134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4422,yes 1134-speaker_number-2,1134,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1969 census.,bib67,no 1134-speakers-2,1134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1969 census.,bib67,no -1134-LEI-1,1134,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4401,yes -1134-vitality-1,1134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4401,yes +1134-LEI-1,1134,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4422,yes +1134-vitality-1,1134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4422,yes 1134-LEI-2,1134,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1134-vitality-2,1134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1135-location-1,1135,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.733789, 22.450461]]}",,,bib7945,no -1135-location-2,1135,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Province, Zambia""]}",,,bib4401,yes -1135-speaker_number-1,1135,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4401,yes -1135-speakers-1,1135,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4401,yes -1135-LEI-1,1135,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4401,yes -1135-vitality-1,1135,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4401,yes -1136-location-1,1136,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8252, 30.1657]]}",,,bib5307,no -1136-location-2,1136,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains""}",,,bib5366,yes +1135-location-1,1135,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.733789, 22.450461]]}",,,bib7970,no +1135-location-2,1135,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Province, Zambia""]}",,,bib4422,yes +1135-speaker_number-1,1135,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4422,yes +1135-speakers-1,1135,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4422,yes +1135-LEI-1,1135,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4422,yes +1135-vitality-1,1135,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4422,yes +1136-location-1,1136,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8252, 30.1657]]}",,,bib5330,no +1136-location-2,1136,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains""}",,,bib5389,yes 1136-location-3,1136,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Kordofan Province.""}",,,bib67,no -1136-speaker_number-1,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1136-speakers-1,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1136-speaker_number-2,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5366,yes -1136-speakers-2,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5366,yes +1136-speaker_number-1,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1136-speakers-1,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1136-speaker_number-2,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5389,yes +1136-speakers-2,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5389,yes 1136-speaker_number-3,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1136-speakers-3,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1136-speaker_number-4,1136,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 (1982 SIL). 2,000 Tagoi, 552 Moreb, 1,100 Tumale (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977).",bib67,no 1136-speakers-4,1136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 (1982 SIL). 2,000 Tagoi, 552 Moreb, 1,100 Tumale (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977).",bib67,no -1136-LEI-1,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1136-vitality-1,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1136-LEI-2,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5366,yes -1136-vitality-2,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5366,yes +1136-LEI-1,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1136-vitality-1,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1136-LEI-2,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5389,yes +1136-vitality-2,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5389,yes 1136-LEI-3,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1136-vitality-3,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1136-LEI-4,1136,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1136-vitality-4,1136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1145-context-1,1145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1145-context-2,1145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2981,yes -1145-location-1,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Sacramento Valley; Trinity-Hayfork""}",,,bib2984,no +1145-context-2,1145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2995,yes +1145-location-1,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Sacramento Valley; Trinity-Hayfork""}",,,bib2998,no 1145-location-2,1145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.0, -122.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1145-location-3,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Northern California, at the northern end of the Sacramento valley, north of Cottonwood creek, and into the mountains as far north as the headwaters of the Trinity river. Cities and towns: Redding, Hayfork, Weaverville, Trinity Center.""}",,,bib67,no 1145-location-4,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,"California: Hayfork, Redding, Trinity Center, Weaverville in north Sacramento valley, north of Cottonwood creek, into mountains to Trinity river headwaters.",bib70,no -1145-location-5,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Claifornia""], ""Description"": ""was spoken in the upper end of the Sacramento Valley north of Cottonwood Creek, in the mountainous region to the north on the upper Sacramento River and its tributaries and to the west in the upper drainage of the Trinity River. Nomlaki to the south in the Sacramento Valley.""}",,,bib2981,yes -1145-location-6,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.8637, -122.0822]]}",,,bib5307,no -1145-location-7,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Wintu-Nomlaki was originally spoken in the northern half of the Sacramento Valley, on the upper Sacramento River below Mt. Shasta, and in the upper drainage of the Trinity River and on Hayfork Creek in Trinity County. There were two major dialects, Nomlaki, spoken along the Sacramento River south of Red Bluff, and Wintu, spoken elsewhere in the territory. There appears to have been no significant difference between the variety of Wintu spoken in the Trinity-Hayfork area and the Sacramento Valley variety.""}",,,bib5217,no -1145-location-8,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.8637, -122.0822]]}",,,bib1709,no -1145-speaker_number-1,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are three master-apprentice partnerships,bib2984,no -1145-speakers-1,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""\""several\""""}",,There are three master-apprentice partnerships,bib2984,no +1145-location-5,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Claifornia""], ""Description"": ""was spoken in the upper end of the Sacramento Valley north of Cottonwood Creek, in the mountainous region to the north on the upper Sacramento River and its tributaries and to the west in the upper drainage of the Trinity River. Nomlaki to the south in the Sacramento Valley.""}",,,bib2995,yes +1145-location-6,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.8637, -122.0822]]}",,,bib5330,no +1145-location-7,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Wintu-Nomlaki was originally spoken in the northern half of the Sacramento Valley, on the upper Sacramento River below Mt. Shasta, and in the upper drainage of the Trinity River and on Hayfork Creek in Trinity County. There were two major dialects, Nomlaki, spoken along the Sacramento River south of Red Bluff, and Wintu, spoken elsewhere in the territory. There appears to have been no significant difference between the variety of Wintu spoken in the Trinity-Hayfork area and the Sacramento Valley variety.""}",,,bib5240,no +1145-location-8,1145,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.8637, -122.0822]]}",,,bib1721,no +1145-speaker_number-1,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are three master-apprentice partnerships,bib2998,no +1145-speakers-1,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""\""several\""""}",,There are three master-apprentice partnerships,bib2998,no 1145-speaker_number-2,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (A. Shepherd 1997). 30 Nomlaki and 15 Wintun use it in the home (2000 census). Ethnic population data: (A. Shepherd 1997).,bib67,no 1145-speakers-2,1145,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2444"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (A. Shepherd 1997). 30 Nomlaki and 15 Wintun use it in the home (2000 census). Ethnic population data: (A. Shepherd 1997).,bib67,no 1145-speakers-3,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib70,no -1145-speakers-4,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Wintu, the Winnemem shaman Flora Jones, passed away in 2003. One partial speaker of Nomlaki is said to remain. (p. 143.)",bib2981,yes -1145-speaker_number-5,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1145-speakers-5,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1145-speaker_number-6,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"At least one fluent, traditional speaker of the Wintu dialect remains, although elderly, as well as several semi-speakers.",bib5217,no -1145-speakers-6,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""several""}",,"At least one fluent, traditional speaker of the Wintu dialect remains, although elderly, as well as several semi-speakers.",bib5217,no +1145-speakers-4,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Wintu, the Winnemem shaman Flora Jones, passed away in 2003. One partial speaker of Nomlaki is said to remain. (p. 143.)",bib2995,yes +1145-speaker_number-5,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1145-speakers-5,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1145-speaker_number-6,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"At least one fluent, traditional speaker of the Wintu dialect remains, although elderly, as well as several semi-speakers.",bib5240,no +1145-speakers-6,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""several""}",,"At least one fluent, traditional speaker of the Wintu dialect remains, although elderly, as well as several semi-speakers.",bib5240,no 1145-speaker_number-7,1145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1145-speakers-7,1145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1145-LEI-1,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1145-transmission-1,1145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1145-vitality-1,1145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1145-LEI-1,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1145-transmission-1,1145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1145-vitality-1,1145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1145-LEI-2,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1145-transmission-2,1145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1145-vitality-2,1145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no 1145-LEI-3,1145,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,no 1145-vitality-3,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no -1145-LEI-4,1145,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2981,yes -1145-vitality-4,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2981,yes -1145-LEI-5,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1145-vitality-5,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1145-LEI-6,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1145-transmission-6,1145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1145-speaker_number_trends-6,1145,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1145-vitality-6,1145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1145-LEI-4,1145,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2995,yes +1145-vitality-4,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2995,yes +1145-LEI-5,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1145-vitality-5,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1145-LEI-6,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1145-transmission-6,1145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1145-speaker_number_trends-6,1145,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1145-vitality-6,1145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1145-LEI-7,1145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1145-vitality-7,1145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1146-location-1,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa""]}",,,bib2984,no +1146-location-1,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa""]}",,,bib2998,no 1146-location-2,1146,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.5, -88.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1146-location-3,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa""], ""Description"": ""Central Wisconsin scattered; eastern Nebraska, Winnebago Reservation; in Iowa, south of Sioux City, east bank, Missouri River.""}",,,bib67,no -1146-location-4,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.2986, -90.8508]]}",,,bib5307,no -1146-location-5,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska""], ""Description"": ""Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1146-location-6,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.2475, -96.4722], [44.2986, -90.8508]]}",,,bib1709,no -1146-speaker_number-1,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1146-speakers-1,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1146-location-4,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Iowa""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.2986, -90.8508]]}",,,bib5330,no +1146-location-5,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska""], ""Description"": ""Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1146-location-6,1146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin, Nebraska""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.2475, -96.4722], [44.2986, -90.8508]]}",,,bib1721,no +1146-speaker_number-1,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1146-speakers-1,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1146-speaker_number-2,1146,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (2004). 230 reported in 1997 (V. Zeps 1997). Ethnic population: data: (V. Zeps 1995). 822 enrolled in Nebraska (1968 BIA 1968). (250 (Golla 2007) [2016.)",bib67,no 1146-speakers-2,1146,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (2004). 230 reported in 1997 (V. Zeps 1997). Ethnic population: data: (V. Zeps 1995). 822 enrolled in Nebraska (1968 BIA 1968). (250 (Golla 2007) [2016.)",bib67,no -1146-speaker_number-3,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1146-speakers-3,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1146-speaker_number-4,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Winnebago has over 250 fluent first-language speakers, divided between the Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin. The number may be higher; 2,000 speakers were reported by reliable sources in 1980.",bib5217,yes -1146-speakers-4,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Winnebago has over 250 fluent first-language speakers, divided between the Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin. The number may be higher; 2,000 speakers were reported by reliable sources in 1980.",bib5217,yes +1146-speaker_number-3,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1146-speakers-3,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1146-speaker_number-4,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Winnebago has over 250 fluent first-language speakers, divided between the Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin. The number may be higher; 2,000 speakers were reported by reliable sources in 1980.",bib5240,yes +1146-speakers-4,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Winnebago has over 250 fluent first-language speakers, divided between the Winnebago Tribe of northeastern Nebraska and the Ho-Chunk Nation of central Wisconsin. The number may be higher; 2,000 speakers were reported by reliable sources in 1980.",bib5240,yes 1146-speaker_number-5,1146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1146-speakers-5,1146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1146-LEI-1,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1146-vitality-1,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1146-LEI-1,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1146-vitality-1,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1146-LEI-2,1146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1146-transmission-2,1146,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1146-speaker_number_trends-2,1146,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1146-vitality-2,1146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1146-LEI-3,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1146-vitality-3,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1146-LEI-4,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1146-vitality-4,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1146-LEI-3,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1146-vitality-3,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1146-LEI-4,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1146-vitality-4,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1146-LEI-5,1146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1146-vitality-5,1146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1147-location-1,1147,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.9166666667, -122.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1147-location-2,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,Clear Lake basin.,bib67,yes -1147-location-3,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6426, -122.3849]]}",,,bib5307,no -1147-location-4,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Middletown Rancheria, on ancestral Lake Miwok territory to the southeast of Clear Lake.""}",,,bib5217,no -1147-location-5,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6426, -122.3849]]}",,,bib1709,no +1147-location-3,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6426, -122.3849]]}",,,bib5330,no +1147-location-4,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Middletown Rancheria, on ancestral Lake Miwok territory to the southeast of Clear Lake.""}",,,bib5240,no +1147-location-5,1147,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6426, -122.3849]]}",,,bib1721,no 1147-speaker_number-1,1147,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Hinton (1994). 1 (1994 L. Hinton), 2–3 semispeakers only (Golla 2007) (2016).",bib67,yes 1147-speakers-1,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Hinton (1994). 1 (1994 L. Hinton), 2–3 semispeakers only (Golla 2007) (2016).",bib67,yes -1147-speaker_number-2,1147,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1147-speakers-2,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1147-speakers-3,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2-3""}",,"Lake Miwok has two or three semi-speakers, none of them actively using the language, who live at the Middletown Rancheria, on ancestral Lake Miwok territory to the southeast of Clear Lake.",bib5217,no +1147-speaker_number-2,1147,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1147-speakers-2,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1147-speakers-3,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2-3""}",,"Lake Miwok has two or three semi-speakers, none of them actively using the language, who live at the Middletown Rancheria, on ancestral Lake Miwok territory to the southeast of Clear Lake.",bib5240,no 1147-speaker_number-4,1147,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1147-speakers-4,1147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 1147-LEI-1,1147,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1147-vitality-1,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -1147-LEI-2,1147,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1147-vitality-2,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1147-LEI-3,1147,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1147-vitality-3,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +1147-LEI-2,1147,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1147-vitality-2,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1147-LEI-3,1147,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1147-vitality-3,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 1147-LEI-4,1147,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1147-vitality-4,1147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1148-context-1,1148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1148-context-2,1148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1148-location-1,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""]}",,,bib2984,no +1148-context-2,1148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1148-location-1,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""]}",,,bib2998,no 1148-location-2,1148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.75, -110.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1148-location-3,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""East central Arizona, several reservations.""}",,,bib67,no 1148-location-4,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Arizona""]}",,Arizona: several reservations east central.,bib70,no -1148-location-5,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.2563, -110.4637]]}",,,bib5307,no -1148-location-6,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Arizona: the San Carlos Reservation, Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1148-location-7,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.2563, -110.4637]]}",,,bib1709,no -1148-speaker_number-1,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2984,no -1148-speakers-1,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""several dozen""}",,,bib2984,no +1148-location-5,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.2563, -110.4637]]}",,,bib5330,no +1148-location-6,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Arizona: the San Carlos Reservation, Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1148-location-7,1148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.2563, -110.4637]]}",,,bib1721,no +1148-speaker_number-1,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2998,no +1148-speakers-1,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""several dozen""}",,,bib2998,no 1148-speaker_number-2,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: 1990 census. 303 in San Carlos.,bib67,no 1148-speakers-2,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: 1990 census. 303 in San Carlos.,bib67,no 1148-speaker_number-3,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000 (Golla 2007). 6,000 on San Carlos, 7,000 on Fort Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe); smaller numbers at Tonto, Camp Verde, and Fort McDowell reservations (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 20,200 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007).",bib70,no 1148-speakers-3,1148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000 (Golla 2007). 6,000 on San Carlos, 7,000 on Fort Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe); smaller numbers at Tonto, Camp Verde, and Fort McDowell reservations (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 20,200 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007).",bib70,no -1148-speaker_number-4,1148,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1148-speakers-4,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1148-speaker_number-5,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Spoken as a first language by up to 14,000 people in several reservation communities in southeastern Arizona. Of these, about 6,000 live on the San Carlos Reservation and 7,000 on the Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), making up about 65%% of the population of those two tribes. Much smaller numbers of speakers are found at the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale. A few children at San Carlos and Ft. Apache speak Western Apache as their first language, but most children and young adults are passive speakers or semi-speakers.",bib5217,yes -1148-speakers-5,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Spoken as a first language by up to 14,000 people in several reservation communities in southeastern Arizona. Of these, about 6,000 live on the San Carlos Reservation and 7,000 on the Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), making up about 65%% of the population of those two tribes. Much smaller numbers of speakers are found at the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale. A few children at San Carlos and Ft. Apache speak Western Apache as their first language, but most children and young adults are passive speakers or semi-speakers.",bib5217,yes +1148-speaker_number-4,1148,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1148-speakers-4,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1148-speaker_number-5,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Spoken as a first language by up to 14,000 people in several reservation communities in southeastern Arizona. Of these, about 6,000 live on the San Carlos Reservation and 7,000 on the Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), making up about 65%% of the population of those two tribes. Much smaller numbers of speakers are found at the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale. A few children at San Carlos and Ft. Apache speak Western Apache as their first language, but most children and young adults are passive speakers or semi-speakers.",bib5240,yes +1148-speakers-5,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Spoken as a first language by up to 14,000 people in several reservation communities in southeastern Arizona. Of these, about 6,000 live on the San Carlos Reservation and 7,000 on the Ft. Apache Reservation (White Mountain Apache Tribe), making up about 65%% of the population of those two tribes. Much smaller numbers of speakers are found at the Tonto Reservation at Payson, at the Camp Verde Reservation, and at the Ft. McDowell Reservation near Scottsdale. A few children at San Carlos and Ft. Apache speak Western Apache as their first language, but most children and young adults are passive speakers or semi-speakers.",bib5240,yes 1148-speaker_number-6,1148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1148-speakers-6,1148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,693"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1148-LEI-1,1148,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1148-transmission-1,1148,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2984,no -1148-vitality-1,1148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1148-LEI-1,1148,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1148-transmission-1,1148,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2998,no +1148-vitality-1,1148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1148-LEI-2,1148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1148-vitality-2,1148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1148-LEI-3,1148,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. A few children at San Carlos and Fort Apache are L1 speakers but most younger people are passive or semi-passive (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 1148-transmission-3,1148,transmission,2,transmission-2,Vigorous. A few children at San Carlos and Fort Apache are L1 speakers but most younger people are passive or semi-passive (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 1148-speaker_number_trends-3,1148,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Vigorous. A few children at San Carlos and Fort Apache are L1 speakers but most younger people are passive or semi-passive (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 1148-vitality-3,1148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Vigorous. A few children at San Carlos and Fort Apache are L1 speakers but most younger people are passive or semi-passive (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -1148-LEI-4,1148,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1148-vitality-4,1148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1148-LEI-5,1148,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1148-transmission-5,1148,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -1148-speaker_number_trends-5,1148,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5217,yes -1148-vitality-5,1148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1148-LEI-4,1148,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1148-vitality-4,1148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1148-LEI-5,1148,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1148-transmission-5,1148,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +1148-speaker_number_trends-5,1148,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5240,yes +1148-vitality-5,1148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1148-LEI-6,1148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1148-vitality-6,1148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1149-location-1,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Nevada, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[38.9226, -119.7256]]}",,,bib1709,no -1149-location-2,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Nevada, California""}",,,bib2984,no +1149-location-1,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Nevada, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[38.9226, -119.7256]]}",,,bib1721,no +1149-location-2,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Nevada, California""}",,,bib2998,no 1149-location-3,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California-Nevada border southeast of Lake Tahoe.""}",,,bib69,yes 1149-location-4,1149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.25, -120.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1149-location-5,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by members of the Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California, whose traditional homeland centers on Lake Tahoe in the High Sierra.""}",,,bib5217,no -1149-speaker_number-1,1149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Many adults and children have become second-language speakers or semi-speakers. (Golla 2007:90),bib2984,no -1149-speakers-1,1149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Many adults and children have become second-language speakers or semi-speakers. (Golla 2007:90),bib2984,no +1149-location-5,1149,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by members of the Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California, whose traditional homeland centers on Lake Tahoe in the High Sierra.""}",,,bib5240,no +1149-speaker_number-1,1149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Many adults and children have become second-language speakers or semi-speakers. (Golla 2007:90),bib2998,no +1149-speakers-1,1149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Many adults and children have become second-language speakers or semi-speakers. (Golla 2007:90),bib2998,no 1149-speaker_number-2,1149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"(1998 J. Brook). ""Several dozen fully fluent speakers"" (Golla 2007).",bib69,yes 1149-speakers-2,1149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10\n(Unchanged 2016.)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A number of children and young adults have acquired moderate L2 fluency.""}",,"(1998 J. Brook). ""Several dozen fully fluent speakers"" (Golla 2007).",bib69,yes -1149-speaker_number-3,1149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Several dozen fluent first-language speakers, all middle-aged or elderly, in a total population of over 1,500, divided among four small reservations in both Nevada and California.",bib5217,no -1149-speakers-3,1149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Several dozen fluent first-language speakers, all middle-aged or elderly, in a total population of over 1,500, divided among four small reservations in both Nevada and California.",bib5217,no -1149-LEI-1,1149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1149-vitality-1,1149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1149-speaker_number-3,1149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Several dozen fluent first-language speakers, all middle-aged or elderly, in a total population of over 1,500, divided among four small reservations in both Nevada and California.",bib5240,no +1149-speakers-3,1149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Several dozen fluent first-language speakers, all middle-aged or elderly, in a total population of over 1,500, divided among four small reservations in both Nevada and California.",bib5240,no +1149-LEI-1,1149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1149-vitality-1,1149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1149-LEI-2,1149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 1149-vitality-2,1149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -1149-LEI-3,1149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1149-vitality-3,1149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -1150-context-1,1150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2981,no -1150-context-2,1150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1149-LEI-3,1149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1149-vitality-3,1149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +1150-context-1,1150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2995,no +1150-context-2,1150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1150-context-3,1150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng]""}",,Shifting to English [eng].,bib69,no -1150-location-1,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib2984,no +1150-location-1,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib2998,no 1150-location-2,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[38.5, -122.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1150-location-3,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: The Wappo occupied Alexander Valley, most of Napa Valley, and the northern portion of Sonoma Valley.""}",,,bib2981,no -1150-location-4,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Originally spoken from Napa Valley to Clear Lake. During the 19th century most of the surviving Wappos joined surrounding groups.""}",,,bib5217,no +1150-location-3,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: The Wappo occupied Alexander Valley, most of Napa Valley, and the northern portion of Sonoma Valley.""}",,,bib2995,no +1150-location-4,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Originally spoken from Napa Valley to Clear Lake. During the 19th century most of the surviving Wappos joined surrounding groups.""}",,,bib5240,no 1150-location-5,1150,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California, north of San Francisco Bay.""}",,,bib69,no -1150-speaker_number-1,1150,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1150-speakers-1,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no -1150-speakers-2,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib4920,yes -1150-speakers-3,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2981,no -1150-speakers-4,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Originally spoken from Napa Valley to Clear Lake. During the 19th century most of the surviving Wappos joined surrounding groups. Wappo appears recently to have become extinct.,bib5217,no +1150-speaker_number-1,1150,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1150-speakers-1,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no +1150-speakers-2,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib4942,yes +1150-speakers-3,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2995,no +1150-speakers-4,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Originally spoken from Napa Valley to Clear Lake. During the 19th century most of the surviving Wappos joined surrounding groups. Wappo appears recently to have become extinct.,bib5240,no 1150-speakers-5,1150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"""All speakers are elderly and none fully fluent"" (Golla 2007).",bib69,no -1150-LEI-1,1150,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1150-transmission-1,1150,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1150-domains_of_use-1,1150,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -1150-speaker_number_trends-1,1150,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1150-vitality-1,1150,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2984,no -1150-LEI-2,1150,LEI,Awakening (),,"With the support of the Tribal chairman, we [Aaron Marks, Desirae Harp, and Christi Gabaldon] initiated the Wappo language classes in November 2012 ... In the long term, once a critical mass of competent speakers is created, full - immersion classes and groups are planned.",bib4920,yes -1150-vitality-2,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"With the support of the Tribal chairman, we [Aaron Marks, Desirae Harp, and Christi Gabaldon] initiated the Wappo language classes in November 2012 ... In the long term, once a critical mass of competent speakers is created, full - immersion classes and groups are planned.",bib4920,yes -1150-LEI-3,1150,LEI,Dormant (),,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2981,no -1150-vitality-3,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2981,no -1150-LEI-4,1150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1150-vitality-4,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +1150-LEI-1,1150,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1150-transmission-1,1150,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1150-domains_of_use-1,1150,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +1150-speaker_number_trends-1,1150,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1150-vitality-1,1150,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2998,no +1150-LEI-2,1150,LEI,Awakening (),,"With the support of the Tribal chairman, we [Aaron Marks, Desirae Harp, and Christi Gabaldon] initiated the Wappo language classes in November 2012 ... In the long term, once a critical mass of competent speakers is created, full - immersion classes and groups are planned.",bib4942,yes +1150-vitality-2,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"With the support of the Tribal chairman, we [Aaron Marks, Desirae Harp, and Christi Gabaldon] initiated the Wappo language classes in November 2012 ... In the long term, once a critical mass of competent speakers is created, full - immersion classes and groups are planned.",bib4942,yes +1150-LEI-3,1150,LEI,Dormant (),,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2995,no +1150-vitality-3,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Although a few elderly individuals retain some knowledge of the language, none has speaking knowledge (p. 191).",bib2995,no +1150-LEI-4,1150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1150-vitality-4,1150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 1150-LEI-5,1150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 1150-transmission-5,1150,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib69,no 1150-vitality-5,1150,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 1165-context-1,1165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Used as L2 by Tanacross.,bib70,no -1165-context-2,1165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""No governmental support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Language classes are sometimes offered through the Tok Campus Center of the University of Alaska Fairbanks."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib1574,yes -1165-location-1,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaskan villages: Northway, Tetlin, and Tok\nYukon: Beaver Creek""}",,,bib2984,no +1165-context-2,1165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""No governmental support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Language classes are sometimes offered through the Tok Campus Center of the University of Alaska Fairbanks."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib1586,yes +1165-location-1,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaskan villages: Northway, Tetlin, and Tok\nYukon: Beaver Creek""}",,,bib2998,no 1165-location-2,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""USA: East central Alaska, upper Tanana River area. Canada: Southwest Yukon Territory, Beaver Creek.\n\nEast central Alaska, upper Tanana River area, Northway, Tetlin, and Tot villages.""}",,,bib67,no 1165-location-3,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""]}",,"US: Alaska: upper Tanana river area, Northway, Tetlin, and Tot villages. Canada: Yukon territory: Beaver Creek.",bib70,no -1165-location-4,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.6867, -141.2182]]}",,,bib5307,no -1165-location-5,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the Alaska villages of Northway, Tetlin, and Tok, but also in the Beaver Creek area of the Yukon.""}",,,bib5217,no -1165-location-6,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA"", ""Yukon Territory, Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northway, Tetlin, Scottie Creek (Alaska); Beaver Creek (Canada)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.969167, -141.905], [63.137778, -142.524444], [62.385278, -140.893056], [62.6836111, -141.2547222]]}",,,bib1574,yes -1165-location-7,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.6867, -141.2182], [62.3824, -140.8984]]}",,,bib1709,no -1165-speaker_number-1,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1165-speakers-1,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1165-location-4,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.6867, -141.2182]]}",,,bib5330,no +1165-location-5,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the Alaska villages of Northway, Tetlin, and Tok, but also in the Beaver Creek area of the Yukon.""}",,,bib5240,no +1165-location-6,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA"", ""Yukon Territory, Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northway, Tetlin, Scottie Creek (Alaska); Beaver Creek (Canada)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.969167, -141.905], [63.137778, -142.524444], [62.385278, -140.893056], [62.6836111, -141.2547222]]}",,,bib1586,yes +1165-location-7,1165,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.6867, -141.2182], [62.3824, -140.8984]]}",,,bib1721,no +1165-speaker_number-1,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1165-speakers-1,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1165-speaker_number-2,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,14 in United States (2000 census). Ethnic population: 300 in the USA (1995). 10 in Canada (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 40 (M. Krauss 1995).,bib67,no 1165-speakers-2,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,14 in United States (2000 census). Ethnic population: 300 in the USA (1995). 10 in Canada (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 40 (M. Krauss 1995).,bib67,no 1165-speaker_number-3,1165,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"US: 100 in United States (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 300 (Golla 2007). Total users in all countries: 110. Canada: 10 in Canada (Krauss 1997). Ethnic population: 40 (Krauss 1997).",bib70,no 1165-speakers-3,1165,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (US), 1997 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"US: 100 in United States (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 300 (Golla 2007). Total users in all countries: 110. Canada: 10 in Canada (Krauss 1997). Ethnic population: 40 (Krauss 1997).",bib70,no -1165-speaker_number-4,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1165-speakers-4,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1165-speakers-5,1165,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100""}",,"The Alaskan population is about 300, of whom at most 100 speak the language.",bib5217,no -1165-speaker_number-6,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1574,yes -1165-speakers-6,1165,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1574,yes +1165-speaker_number-4,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1165-speakers-4,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1165-speakers-5,1165,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100""}",,"The Alaskan population is about 300, of whom at most 100 speak the language.",bib5240,no +1165-speaker_number-6,1165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1586,yes +1165-speakers-6,1165,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1586,yes 1165-speaker_number-7,1165,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1165-speakers-7,1165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1165-LEI-1,1165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1165-vitality-1,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1165-LEI-1,1165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1165-vitality-1,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1165-LEI-2,1165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1165-vitality-2,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1165-LEI-3,1165,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1165-transmission-3,1165,transmission,2,transmission-2,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1165-speaker_number_trends-3,1165,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1165-vitality-3,1165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mainly adults.,bib70,no -1165-LEI-4,1165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1165-vitality-4,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1165-LEI-5,1165,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1165-transmission-5,1165,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1165-vitality-5,1165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5217,no -1165-LEI-6,1165,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -1165-transmission-6,1165,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,yes -1165-domains_of_use-6,1165,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1574,yes -1165-speaker_number_trends-6,1165,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,yes -1165-vitality-6,1165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1574,yes +1165-LEI-4,1165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1165-vitality-4,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1165-LEI-5,1165,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1165-transmission-5,1165,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1165-vitality-5,1165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5240,no +1165-LEI-6,1165,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +1165-transmission-6,1165,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,yes +1165-domains_of_use-6,1165,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1586,yes +1165-speaker_number_trends-6,1165,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,yes +1165-vitality-6,1165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1586,yes 1165-LEI-7,1165,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1165-vitality-7,1165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1166-context-1,1166,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1166-location-1,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""]}",,,bib2984,no +1166-context-1,1166,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1166-location-1,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""]}",,,bib2998,no 1166-location-2,1166,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0, -112.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1166-location-3,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""South central Arizona. 60 villages on 7 reservations.""}",,,bib67,no 1166-location-4,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Arizona""]}",,Arizona: south central. 60 villages on 7 reservations.,bib70,no -1166-location-5,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.9186, -111.8798]]}",,,bib5307,no -1166-location-6,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Between 14,000 and 15,000 fluent speakers of all ages in Arizona, and many additional speakers in Mexico. Most Akimel O\u2019odham speakers live on the Gila River, Salt River, and Ak Chin Reservations, in the vicinity of Phoenix. Most Tohono O\u2019odham speakers in the United States live on the Papago Reservation in southern Arizona west of Tucson; there are also speakers on the San Xavier and Gila Bend Reservations.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1166-location-7,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.059, -112.0479], [31.9186, -111.8798]]}",,,bib1709,no -1166-speaker_number-1,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2984,no -1166-speakers-1,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2984,no +1166-location-5,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.9186, -111.8798]]}",,,bib5330,no +1166-location-6,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Between 14,000 and 15,000 fluent speakers of all ages in Arizona, and many additional speakers in Mexico. Most Akimel O\u2019odham speakers live on the Gila River, Salt River, and Ak Chin Reservations, in the vicinity of Phoenix. Most Tohono O\u2019odham speakers in the United States live on the Papago Reservation in southern Arizona west of Tucson; there are also speakers on the San Xavier and Gila Bend Reservations.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1166-location-7,1166,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona"", ""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.059, -112.0479], [31.9186, -111.8798]]}",,,bib1721,no +1166-speaker_number-1,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2998,no +1166-speakers-1,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2998,no 1166-speaker_number-2,1166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,600 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. 181 monolinguals (1990 census). Ethnic population data: (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 1166-speakers-2,1166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">9,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9,600 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. 181 monolinguals (1990 census). Ethnic population data: (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 1166-speaker_number-3,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 33,000 (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004). Including 20,000 Papago, 13,000 Pima (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004).",bib70,no 1166-speakers-3,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,094"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 33,000 (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004). Including 20,000 Papago, 13,000 Pima (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004).",bib70,no -1166-speaker_number-4,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1166-speakers-4,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,094"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1166-speaker_number-5,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000-15,000 in Arizona; many additional speakers in Mexico.",bib5217,yes -1166-speakers-5,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000-15,000 in Arizona; many additional speakers in Mexico.",bib5217,yes +1166-speaker_number-4,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1166-speakers-4,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,094"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1166-speaker_number-5,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000-15,000 in Arizona; many additional speakers in Mexico.",bib5240,yes +1166-speakers-5,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000-15,000 in Arizona; many additional speakers in Mexico.",bib5240,yes 1166-speaker_number-6,1166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1166-speakers-6,1166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,819"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1166-LEI-1,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1166-vitality-1,1166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1166-LEI-1,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1166-vitality-1,1166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1166-LEI-2,1166,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1166-transmission-2,1166,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib67,no 1166-speaker_number_trends-2,1166,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib67,no @@ -5825,678 +5887,678 @@ Canada: 10 in Canada (Krauss 1997). Ethnic population: 40 (Krauss 1997).",bib70, 1166-LEI-3,1166,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1166-speaker_number_trends-3,1166,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib70,no 1166-vitality-3,1166,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib70,no -1166-LEI-4,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1166-vitality-4,1166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1166-LEI-5,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1166-transmission-5,1166,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,yes -1166-speaker_number_trends-5,1166,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5217,yes -1166-vitality-5,1166,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1166-LEI-4,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1166-vitality-4,1166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1166-LEI-5,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1166-transmission-5,1166,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,yes +1166-speaker_number_trends-5,1166,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5240,yes +1166-vitality-5,1166,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1166-LEI-6,1166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1166-vitality-6,1166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1167-context-1,1167,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1574,yes -1167-location-1,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib2984,no +1167-context-1,1167,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1586,yes +1167-location-1,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib2998,no 1167-location-2,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0, -157.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1167-location-3,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Central Alaska, Nikolai, Telida, McGrath, Upper Kuskokwim River.""}",,,bib67,no -1167-location-4,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0091, -154.3889]]}",,,bib5307,no -1167-location-5,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia. Spoken in the villages of Nikolai, Telida, and McGrath in the Upper Kuskokwim River drainage of central Alaska.""}",,,bib5217,no -1167-location-6,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1574,yes -1167-location-7,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0091, -154.3889]]}",,,bib1709,no -1167-speaker_number-1,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1167-speakers-1,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160 (Golla 2007:89)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1167-location-4,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0091, -154.3889]]}",,,bib5330,no +1167-location-5,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia. Spoken in the villages of Nikolai, Telida, and McGrath in the Upper Kuskokwim River drainage of central Alaska.""}",,,bib5240,no +1167-location-6,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1586,yes +1167-location-7,1167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0091, -154.3889]]}",,,bib1721,no +1167-speaker_number-1,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1167-speakers-1,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160 (Golla 2007:89)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1167-speaker_number-2,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data (M. Krauss 1995), decreasing. 3 households (1997). Ethnic population: 160 (M. Krauss 1995). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1167-speakers-2,1167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data (M. Krauss 1995), decreasing. 3 households (1997). Ethnic population: 160 (M. Krauss 1995). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1167-speaker_number-3,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1167-speakers-3,1167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1167-speaker_number-4,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1167-speakers-4,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,no -1167-speaker_number-5,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1574,yes -1167-speakers-5,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1574,yes +1167-speaker_number-3,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1167-speakers-3,1167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1167-speaker_number-4,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1167-speakers-4,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,no +1167-speaker_number-5,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1586,yes +1167-speakers-5,1167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1586,yes 1167-speaker_number-6,1167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1167-speakers-6,1167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1167-LEI-1,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1167-transmission-1,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1167-vitality-1,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1167-LEI-1,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1167-transmission-1,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1167-vitality-1,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1167-LEI-2,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1167-transmission-2,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1167-vitality-2,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -1167-LEI-3,1167,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1167-vitality-3,1167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1167-LEI-4,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1167-transmission-4,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1167-speaker_number_trends-4,1167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1167-vitality-4,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1167-LEI-5,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -1167-transmission-5,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,yes -1167-speaker_number_trends-5,1167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,yes -1167-vitality-5,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1574,yes +1167-LEI-3,1167,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1167-vitality-3,1167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1167-LEI-4,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1167-transmission-4,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1167-speaker_number_trends-4,1167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1167-vitality-4,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1167-LEI-5,1167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +1167-transmission-5,1167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,yes +1167-speaker_number_trends-5,1167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,yes +1167-vitality-5,1167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1586,yes 1167-LEI-6,1167,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1167-vitality-6,1167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1168-context-1,1168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +1168-context-1,1168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 1168-location-1,1168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, -77.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1168-location-2,1168,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Canada: Ontario, Six Nations Reserve; USA: Tuscarora Reservation near Niagara Falls, New York, eastern North Carolina.""}",,,bib67,no -1168-location-3,1168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0877, -79.0627]]}",,,bib5307,no -1168-location-4,1168,location,"{""Places"": [""New York, Ontario""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1168-location-5,1168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0877, -79.0627], [43.072, -80.015]]}",,,bib1709,no -1168-speaker_number-1,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1168-speakers-1,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no +1168-location-3,1168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0877, -79.0627]]}",,,bib5330,no +1168-location-4,1168,location,"{""Places"": [""New York, Ontario""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1168-location-5,1168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0877, -79.0627], [43.072, -80.015]]}",,,bib1721,no +1168-speaker_number-1,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1168-speakers-1,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no 1168-speaker_number-2,1168,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"7 in Canada (Kinkade 1991). 4 in United States; ethnic population 1,200 in the USA (M. Mithun 1997). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1168-speakers-2,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"7 in Canada (Kinkade 1991). 4 in United States; ethnic population 1,200 in the USA (M. Mithun 1997). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1168-speaker_number-3,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1168-speakers-3,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1168-speaker_number-4,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only two or three speakers of Tuscarora remain, all over 80.",bib5217,yes -1168-speakers-4,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all over 80""}",,"Only two or three speakers of Tuscarora remain, all over 80.",bib5217,yes +1168-speaker_number-3,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1168-speakers-3,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1168-speaker_number-4,1168,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only two or three speakers of Tuscarora remain, all over 80.",bib5240,yes +1168-speakers-4,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all over 80""}",,"Only two or three speakers of Tuscarora remain, all over 80.",bib5240,yes 1168-speaker_number-5,1168,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1168-speakers-5,1168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1168-LEI-1,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1168-transmission-1,1168,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1168-vitality-1,1168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1168-LEI-1,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1168-transmission-1,1168,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1168-vitality-1,1168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1168-LEI-2,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1168-transmission-2,1168,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1168-speaker_number_trends-2,1168,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1168-vitality-2,1168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1168-LEI-3,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1168-vitality-3,1168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1168-LEI-4,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1168-transmission-4,1168,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -1168-speaker_number_trends-4,1168,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1168-vitality-4,1168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1168-LEI-3,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1168-vitality-3,1168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1168-LEI-4,1168,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1168-transmission-4,1168,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +1168-speaker_number_trends-4,1168,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1168-vitality-4,1168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1168-LEI-5,1168,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1168-vitality-5,1168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1185-context-1,1185,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: apparently mainly fluent, but with interference from Written Manchu, which is used as the literary language",bib6475,no -1185-location-1,1185,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""in the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region""}",,,bib6475,no -1185-location-2,1185,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.6599, 81.3427]]}",,,bib5307,no -1185-location-3,1185,location,"{""Places"": [""Qapqal County, Xinjiang Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Qapqal County and various urban areas of Xinjiang Province in Northwest China.""}",,Divergent variety of Manchu spoken by the descendants of a Manchu army sent to Xinjiang in 1764.,bib5309,yes +1185-context-1,1185,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: apparently mainly fluent, but with interference from Written Manchu, which is used as the literary language",bib6499,no +1185-location-1,1185,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""in the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region""}",,,bib6499,no +1185-location-2,1185,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.6599, 81.3427]]}",,,bib5330,no +1185-location-3,1185,location,"{""Places"": [""Qapqal County, Xinjiang Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Qapqal County and various urban areas of Xinjiang Province in Northwest China.""}",,Divergent variety of Manchu spoken by the descendants of a Manchu army sent to Xinjiang in 1764.,bib5332,yes 1185-location-4,1185,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1185-speaker_number-1,1185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are also groups and individuals in Manchuria identifying themselves with the Sibe, rather than the Manchu nationality, raising the number of the total Sibe population in China close to 80,000; the linguistic background and geographical dimensions of this figure remain unclarified.",bib6475,no -1185-speakers-1,1185,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are also groups and individuals in Manchuria identifying themselves with the Sibe, rather than the Manchu nationality, raising the number of the total Sibe population in China close to 80,000; the linguistic background and geographical dimensions of this figure remain unclarified.",bib6475,no -1185-speaker_number-2,1185,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1185-speakers-2,1185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1185-speaker_number-3,1185,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Information here refers to members of Xibo nationality in Xinjiang Province (Northwest China). There are also members of the same nationality in Liaoning Province (Northeast China) for whom the language is long extinct.,bib5309,yes -1185-speakers-3,1185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~27,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Information here refers to members of Xibo nationality in Xinjiang Province (Northwest China). There are also members of the same nationality in Liaoning Province (Northeast China) for whom the language is long extinct.,bib5309,yes +1185-speaker_number-1,1185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are also groups and individuals in Manchuria identifying themselves with the Sibe, rather than the Manchu nationality, raising the number of the total Sibe population in China close to 80,000; the linguistic background and geographical dimensions of this figure remain unclarified.",bib6499,no +1185-speakers-1,1185,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are also groups and individuals in Manchuria identifying themselves with the Sibe, rather than the Manchu nationality, raising the number of the total Sibe population in China close to 80,000; the linguistic background and geographical dimensions of this figure remain unclarified.",bib6499,no +1185-speaker_number-2,1185,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1185-speakers-2,1185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1185-speaker_number-3,1185,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Information here refers to members of Xibo nationality in Xinjiang Province (Northwest China). There are also members of the same nationality in Liaoning Province (Northeast China) for whom the language is long extinct.,bib5332,yes +1185-speakers-3,1185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~27,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Information here refers to members of Xibo nationality in Xinjiang Province (Northwest China). There are also members of the same nationality in Liaoning Province (Northeast China) for whom the language is long extinct.,bib5332,yes 1185-speaker_number-4,1185,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (J. An 2000). Few monolinguals. Ethnic population data: 2000 census.,bib67,no 1185-speakers-4,1185,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""188,824"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (J. An 2000). Few monolinguals. Ethnic population data: 2000 census.,bib67,no -1185-LEI-1,1185,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6475,no -1185-transmission-1,1185,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6475,no -1185-speaker_number_trends-1,1185,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6475,no -1185-vitality-1,1185,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6475,no -1185-LEI-2,1185,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1185-vitality-2,1185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1185-LEI-3,1185,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -1185-transmission-3,1185,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5309,yes -1185-domains_of_use-3,1185,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5309,yes -1185-speaker_number_trends-3,1185,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5309,yes -1185-vitality-3,1185,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,yes +1185-LEI-1,1185,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6499,no +1185-transmission-1,1185,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6499,no +1185-speaker_number_trends-1,1185,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6499,no +1185-vitality-1,1185,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are reports that the language is still being learnt by children, though apparently not in all families.",bib6499,no +1185-LEI-2,1185,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1185-vitality-2,1185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1185-LEI-3,1185,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +1185-transmission-3,1185,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5332,yes +1185-domains_of_use-3,1185,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5332,yes +1185-speaker_number_trends-3,1185,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5332,yes +1185-vitality-3,1185,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,yes 1185-LEI-4,1185,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1185-vitality-4,1185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1186-context-1,1186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Daur Mongol, Chinese""}",,,bib1205,no -1186-context-2,1186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib6475,yes +1186-context-1,1186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Daur Mongol, Chinese""}",,,bib1214,no +1186-context-2,1186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib6499,yes 1186-context-3,1186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""75.2 % of the Evenk were fluent in Russian""}",,,bib213,no 1186-location-1,1186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.0, 120.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1186-location-2,1186,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1186-location-3,1186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5307,no -1186-location-4,1186,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Inner Mongolia""}",,,bib1205,no -1186-location-5,1186,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""The widest-spread language of Siberia, spoken by a population sparsely covering the whole taiga zone from the Yenisei in the west to the lower Amur and Sakhalin in the east, and from Taimyr and the lower Lena in the north to Baikal and the upper Amur in the south; a small group of speakers, known as the Manchurian Reindeer Tungus (often erroneously called \""Yakut\""), live on the Chinese side of the upper Amur.""}",,,bib6475,yes +1186-location-3,1186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5330,no +1186-location-4,1186,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Inner Mongolia""}",,,bib1214,no +1186-location-5,1186,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""The widest-spread language of Siberia, spoken by a population sparsely covering the whole taiga zone from the Yenisei in the west to the lower Amur and Sakhalin in the east, and from Taimyr and the lower Lena in the north to Baikal and the upper Amur in the south; a small group of speakers, known as the Manchurian Reindeer Tungus (often erroneously called \""Yakut\""), live on the Chinese side of the upper Amur.""}",,,bib6499,yes 1186-speaker_number-1,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,000 in China (1999 D. Chaoke). 3,000 monolinguals. Huihe 14,300, Aoluguya 150, Chenba’erhu 1,600. Population total all countries: 27,615. Ethnic population: 30,500 (2000 census)",bib67,no 1186-speakers-1,1186,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,615"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 speakers, population 2000 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,000 in China (1999 D. Chaoke). 3,000 monolinguals. Huihe 14,300, Aoluguya 150, Chenba’erhu 1,600. Population total all countries: 27,615. Ethnic population: 30,500 (2000 census)",bib67,no -1186-speaker_number-2,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1186-speakers-2,1186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,584"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1186-speaker_number-3,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Evenki has the following speakers per dialect: Ewenk <1,000; Solon <10,000; Oroqen <2,500.",bib1205,no -1186-speakers-3,1186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Evenki has the following speakers per dialect: Ewenk <1,000; Solon <10,000; Oroqen <2,500.",bib1205,no -1186-speaker_number-4,1186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -1186-speakers-4,1186,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes +1186-speaker_number-2,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1186-speakers-2,1186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,584"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1186-speaker_number-3,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Evenki has the following speakers per dialect: Ewenk <1,000; Solon <10,000; Oroqen <2,500.",bib1214,no +1186-speakers-3,1186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Evenki has the following speakers per dialect: Ewenk <1,000; Solon <10,000; Oroqen <2,500.",bib1214,no +1186-speaker_number-4,1186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +1186-speakers-4,1186,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes 1186-speaker_number-5,1186,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1186-speakers-5,1186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1186-speaker_number-6,1186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1186-speakers-6,1186,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,233"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,093"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no 1186-LEI-1,1186,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1186-vitality-1,1186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1186-LEI-2,1186,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1186-vitality-2,1186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1186-LEI-3,1186,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1205,no -1186-transmission-3,1186,transmission,4,transmission-4,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1205,no -1186-speaker_number_trends-3,1186,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1205,no -1186-vitality-3,1186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1205,no -1186-LEI-4,1186,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6475,yes -1186-transmission-4,1186,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6475,yes -1186-speaker_number_trends-4,1186,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6475,yes -1186-vitality-4,1186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6475,yes +1186-LEI-2,1186,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1186-vitality-2,1186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1186-LEI-3,1186,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1214,no +1186-transmission-3,1186,transmission,4,transmission-4,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1214,no +1186-speaker_number_trends-3,1186,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1214,no +1186-vitality-3,1186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most speakers of Oroqen and Solon are over 50.,bib1214,no +1186-LEI-4,1186,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6499,yes +1186-transmission-4,1186,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6499,yes +1186-speaker_number_trends-4,1186,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6499,yes +1186-vitality-4,1186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Still learnt by part of the children in some localities, notably in the Tunguska region (within the Evenki Autonomous District) and in the middle Amur region",bib6499,yes 1186-LEI-5,1186,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1186-vitality-5,1186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1186-LEI-6,1186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1186-vitality-6,1186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1187-context-1,1187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese""}",,"on a tentative basis and with poor results, the language has been taught at a few elementary schools (in IPA transcription); Chinese (Mandarin) is becoming the main language within both monoethnic and multiethnic families",bib6475,no +1187-context-1,1187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese""}",,"on a tentative basis and with poor results, the language has been taught at a few elementary schools (in IPA transcription); Chinese (Mandarin) is becoming the main language within both monoethnic and multiethnic families",bib6499,no 1187-location-1,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1187-location-2,1187,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5307,no -1187-location-3,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province""}",,"administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (Orochen proper: esp. in the Orochen Autonomous Banner), and the province of Heilongjiang (subgroups along the Amur basin: Birarchen, Selpechen, and Kumarchen)",bib6475,no -1187-location-4,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Inner Mongolia and Northwestern Heilongjiang Province""}",,,bib5309,yes +1187-location-2,1187,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5330,no +1187-location-3,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province""}",,"administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (Orochen proper: esp. in the Orochen Autonomous Banner), and the province of Heilongjiang (subgroups along the Amur basin: Birarchen, Selpechen, and Kumarchen)",bib6499,no +1187-location-4,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Inner Mongolia and Northwestern Heilongjiang Province""}",,,bib5332,yes 1187-location-5,1187,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The Udeghes are scattered over an extensive area in the Khabarovsk region and in the Ussuri taiga, in the northern part of the Primorye region. They have no compact settled area. They live in the neighbourhood of the Nanais and the Nivkhs and in places are mixed with them.""}",,,bib213,no 1187-speakers-1,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,196"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2002, population 2000 (census)""}",,"1,200 (2002 L. Whaley). 800 are monolingual. Ethnic population: 8,196 (2000 census).",bib67,no -1187-speaker_number-2,1187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,no -1187-speakers-2,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~ 5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""before 1990s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,no +1187-speaker_number-2,1187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,no +1187-speakers-2,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~ 5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""before 1990s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,no 1187-speaker_number-3,1187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1187-speakers-3,1187,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1187-speaker_number-4,1187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,yes -1187-speakers-4,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,196"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,yes +1187-speaker_number-4,1187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,yes +1187-speakers-4,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,196"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,yes 1187-speaker_number-5,1187,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979 31% of the ethnic population of 1,551, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 480.",bib213,no 1187-speakers-5,1187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,551"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979 31% of the ethnic population of 1,551, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 480.",bib213,no -1187-LEI-1,1187,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6475,no -1187-transmission-1,1187,transmission,2,transmission-2,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6475,no -1187-vitality-1,1187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6475,no +1187-LEI-1,1187,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6499,no +1187-transmission-1,1187,transmission,2,transmission-2,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6499,no +1187-vitality-1,1187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40,bib6499,no 1187-LEI-2,1187,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1187-vitality-2,1187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1187-LEI-3,1187,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -1187-transmission-3,1187,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5309,yes -1187-speaker_number_trends-3,1187,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,yes -1187-vitality-3,1187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,yes +1187-LEI-3,1187,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +1187-transmission-3,1187,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5332,yes +1187-speaker_number_trends-3,1187,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,yes +1187-vitality-3,1187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,yes 1187-LEI-4,1187,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1187-vitality-4,1187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1205-context-1,1205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with some non-fluent individuals still preserving a passive knowledge of the language; the knowledge of Written Manchu is somewhat more common among educated individuals, but Chinese is the sole everyday language used for both oral and literary purposes.",bib6475,yes -1205-location-1,1205,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Originally scattered all over historical Manchuria, China, with small remnant groups of speakers today preserved in the Aihui region (in the middle Amur basin) and Fuyu county (in the Nonni basin) of the province of Heilongjiang, as well as, possibly, in some localities within the province of Liaoning; linguistically assimilated groups and individuals identifying themselves with the Manchu nationality are registered in all parts of China.""}",,,bib6475,yes +1205-context-1,1205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with some non-fluent individuals still preserving a passive knowledge of the language; the knowledge of Written Manchu is somewhat more common among educated individuals, but Chinese is the sole everyday language used for both oral and literary purposes.",bib6499,yes +1205-location-1,1205,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Originally scattered all over historical Manchuria, China, with small remnant groups of speakers today preserved in the Aihui region (in the middle Amur basin) and Fuyu county (in the Nonni basin) of the province of Heilongjiang, as well as, possibly, in some localities within the province of Liaoning; linguistically assimilated groups and individuals identifying themselves with the Manchu nationality are registered in all parts of China.""}",,,bib6499,yes 1205-location-2,1205,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.5, 127.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1205-location-3,1205,location,"{""Places"": [""Heilongjiang Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Three remote villages in the northwest of Heilongjiang \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f Province: two south of Heihe \u9ed1\u6cb3 and one north of Qiqihar \u9f4a\u9f4a\u54c8\u723e""}",,,bib5309,no +1205-location-3,1205,location,"{""Places"": [""Heilongjiang Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Three remote villages in the northwest of Heilongjiang \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f Province: two south of Heihe \u9ed1\u6cb3 and one north of Qiqihar \u9f4a\u9f4a\u54c8\u723e""}",,,bib5332,no 1205-location-4,1205,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1205-speaker_number-1,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The official number [of the ethnic population] has fluctuated greatly depending on the ethnopolitical circumstances in the country.,bib6475,yes -1205-speakers-1,1205,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The official number [of the ethnic population] has fluctuated greatly depending on the ethnopolitical circumstances in the country.,bib6475,yes +1205-speaker_number-1,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The official number [of the ethnic population] has fluctuated greatly depending on the ethnopolitical circumstances in the country.,bib6499,yes +1205-speakers-1,1205,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The official number [of the ethnic population] has fluctuated greatly depending on the ethnopolitical circumstances in the country.,bib6499,yes 1205-speaker_number-2,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1205-speakers-2,1205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1205-speaker_number-3,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -1205-speakers-3,1205,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,682,262"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,,bib5309,no +1205-speaker_number-3,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +1205-speakers-3,1205,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,682,262"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,,bib5332,no 1205-speaker_number-4,1205,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Zhao (1999). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 1205-speakers-4,1205,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,682,262"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Zhao (1999). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,no -1205-LEI-1,1205,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -1205-transmission-1,1205,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -1205-domains_of_use-1,1205,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6475,yes -1205-speaker_number_trends-1,1205,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -1205-vitality-1,1205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6475,yes +1205-LEI-1,1205,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +1205-transmission-1,1205,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +1205-domains_of_use-1,1205,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6499,yes +1205-speaker_number_trends-1,1205,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +1205-vitality-1,1205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6499,yes 1205-LEI-2,1205,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1205-vitality-2,1205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1205-LEI-3,1205,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5309,no -1205-transmission-3,1205,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5309,no -1205-domains_of_use-3,1205,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5309,no -1205-speaker_number_trends-3,1205,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5309,no -1205-vitality-3,1205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5309,no +1205-LEI-3,1205,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5332,no +1205-transmission-3,1205,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5332,no +1205-domains_of_use-3,1205,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5332,no +1205-speaker_number_trends-3,1205,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5332,no +1205-vitality-3,1205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Among the urbanized Manchus, the language is no longer spoken but it is still studied in an ongoing literary tradition.",bib5332,no 1205-LEI-4,1205,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1205-vitality-4,1205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1206-context-1,1206,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Due to the socio-economic pressure, the Nanai don't feel the need to pass down their language. No monolingual Nanai speakers. Intermarriage with other linguistic groups is not uncommon.",bib7189,yes +1206-context-1,1206,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Due to the socio-economic pressure, the Nanai don't feel the need to pass down their language. No monolingual Nanai speakers. Intermarriage with other linguistic groups is not uncommon.",bib7213,yes 1206-context-3,1206,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib213,no -1206-location-1,1206,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Heilongjian Province \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f\u7701, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.935, 132.847], [48.217, 133.897], [46.96, 134.059]]}",,"China: Jiejingkou (街津口), and Bacha (八岔) in Tongjian County (同江縣), and Sipai (四排) in Xilinzi Township (西林子鄉) of Rouhe County (饒河縣)",bib7189,yes +1206-location-1,1206,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Heilongjian Province \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f\u7701, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.935, 132.847], [48.217, 133.897], [46.96, 134.059]]}",,"China: Jiejingkou (街津口), and Bacha (八岔) in Tongjian County (同江縣), and Sipai (四排) in Xilinzi Township (西林子鄉) of Rouhe County (饒河縣)",bib7213,yes 1206-location-2,1206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.5, 137.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1206-location-3,1206,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1206-location-4,1206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.3537, 136.5243]]}",,,bib5307,no -1206-location-5,1206,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the middle and lower Amur basin, within the Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6475,no -1206-speaker_number-1,1206,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only around 3-4% of the entire population speak the language.,bib7189,yes -1206-speakers-1,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4640 (as of 2000)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only around 3-4% of the entire population speak the language.,bib7189,yes +1206-location-4,1206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.3537, 136.5243]]}",,,bib5330,no +1206-location-5,1206,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the middle and lower Amur basin, within the Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6499,no +1206-speaker_number-1,1206,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only around 3-4% of the entire population speak the language.,bib7213,yes +1206-speakers-1,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4640 (as of 2000)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only around 3-4% of the entire population speak the language.,bib7213,yes 1206-speaker_number-2,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,890 in Russian Federation. Population total all countries: 3,902. Ethnic population: 12,160.",bib67,no 1206-speakers-2,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,902"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,890 in Russian Federation. Population total all countries: 3,902. Ethnic population: 12,160.",bib67,no -1206-speaker_number-3,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1206-speakers-3,1206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1206-speaker_number-4,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,no -1206-speakers-4,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~12,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""possibly none"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,no +1206-speaker_number-3,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1206-speakers-3,1206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1206-speaker_number-4,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,no +1206-speakers-4,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~12,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""possibly none"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,no 1206-speaker_number-5,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1206-speakers-5,1206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,772"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1206-speaker_number-6,1206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1206-speakers-6,1206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,516"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,860"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1206-LEI-1,1206,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7189,yes -1206-transmission-1,1206,transmission,4,transmission-4,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7189,yes -1206-domains_of_use-1,1206,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7189,yes -1206-speaker_number_trends-1,1206,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7189,yes -1206-vitality-1,1206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7189,yes +1206-LEI-1,1206,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7213,yes +1206-transmission-1,1206,transmission,4,transmission-4,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7213,yes +1206-domains_of_use-1,1206,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7213,yes +1206-speaker_number_trends-1,1206,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7213,yes +1206-vitality-1,1206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This language is not passing down to children. People who are above 60 may be able to speak it, whereas people between 40-60 only have passive knowledge about Nanai. Nanai is used only in the home domains between active speakers, and is not the major language for communication even among them.",bib7213,yes 1206-LEI-2,1206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1206-vitality-2,1206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1206-LEI-3,1206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1206-vitality-3,1206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1206-LEI-4,1206,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -1206-transmission-4,1206,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,no -1206-speaker_number_trends-4,1206,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,no -1206-vitality-4,1206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no +1206-LEI-3,1206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1206-vitality-3,1206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1206-LEI-4,1206,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +1206-transmission-4,1206,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,no +1206-speaker_number_trends-4,1206,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,no +1206-vitality-4,1206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no 1206-LEI-5,1206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1206-vitality-5,1206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1206-LEI-6,1206,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The linguistic situation does not augur well for the future of Nanai culture. Nowadays, all the Nanais are bilingual. In 1979, 93.2% spoke Russian fluently, and 43.9% even gave Russian as their mother tongue. Only 63% spoke fluent Nanai and it was regarded as the mother tongue by 55.8%. From 1959 to 1979, the number of Nanais who regarded Russian as their mother tongue increased from 13.3% to 43.9%. Research projects in recent years have shown that it is mostly the older generation (as their first language) and the middle-aged (as their second language) who speak fluent Nanai. The younger generation has only a passive command of the language, or they do not speak it at all.",bib213,no 1206-speaker_number_trends-6,1206,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The linguistic situation does not augur well for the future of Nanai culture. Nowadays, all the Nanais are bilingual. In 1979, 93.2% spoke Russian fluently, and 43.9% even gave Russian as their mother tongue. Only 63% spoke fluent Nanai and it was regarded as the mother tongue by 55.8%. From 1959 to 1979, the number of Nanais who regarded Russian as their mother tongue increased from 13.3% to 43.9%. Research projects in recent years have shown that it is mostly the older generation (as their first language) and the middle-aged (as their second language) who speak fluent Nanai. The younger generation has only a passive command of the language, or they do not speak it at all.",bib213,no 1206-vitality-6,1206,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The linguistic situation does not augur well for the future of Nanai culture. Nowadays, all the Nanais are bilingual. In 1979, 93.2% spoke Russian fluently, and 43.9% even gave Russian as their mother tongue. Only 63% spoke fluent Nanai and it was regarded as the mother tongue by 55.8%. From 1959 to 1979, the number of Nanais who regarded Russian as their mother tongue increased from 13.3% to 43.9%. Research projects in recent years have shown that it is mostly the older generation (as their first language) and the middle-aged (as their second language) who speak fluent Nanai. The younger generation has only a passive command of the language, or they do not speak it at all.",bib213,no -1207-context-1,1207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Chinese for official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Tibetan; Eastern Yugur""}",,"A limited number of the Yugur living in Dahe District (大河區) of the western part of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (肅南裕固族自治縣) in Gansu (甘肅) Province are bilingual in both Western and Eastern Yugur. Most of the Yugur shift to Chinese which serves as a lingua franca as well as medium for school instruction. But in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Western Yugur functions as the language of daily communication and is acquired by children as L1.",bib6371,yes -1207-location-1,1207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.2747, 98.8439]]}",,,bib5307,no -1207-location-2,1207,location,"{""Places"": [""Gansu Province, China""], ""Description"": ""spoken in Dahe (\u5927\u6cb3\u5340) and Minghua (\u660e\u82b1\u5340) Districts of the western Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (\u8085\u5357\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) , Gansu Province (\u7518\u8085\u7701), China."", ""Coordinates"": [[39.002, 99.502], [38.838, 99.618]]}",,,bib6371,yes +1207-context-1,1207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Chinese for official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Tibetan; Eastern Yugur""}",,"A limited number of the Yugur living in Dahe District (大河區) of the western part of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (肅南裕固族自治縣) in Gansu (甘肅) Province are bilingual in both Western and Eastern Yugur. Most of the Yugur shift to Chinese which serves as a lingua franca as well as medium for school instruction. But in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Western Yugur functions as the language of daily communication and is acquired by children as L1.",bib6395,yes +1207-location-1,1207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.2747, 98.8439]]}",,,bib5330,no +1207-location-2,1207,location,"{""Places"": [""Gansu Province, China""], ""Description"": ""spoken in Dahe (\u5927\u6cb3\u5340) and Minghua (\u660e\u82b1\u5340) Districts of the western Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (\u8085\u5357\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) , Gansu Province (\u7518\u8085\u7701), China."", ""Coordinates"": [[39.002, 99.502], [38.838, 99.618]]}",,,bib6395,yes 1207-location-3,1207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.75, 99.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1207-location-4,1207,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1207-speaker_number-1,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1207-speakers-1,1207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1207-speaker_number-2,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Western Yugurs and the Eastern Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6371,yes -1207-speakers-2,1207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600 (as of Chen & Lei 1985)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Western Yugurs and the Eastern Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6371,yes +1207-speaker_number-1,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1207-speakers-1,1207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1207-speaker_number-2,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Western Yugurs and the Eastern Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6395,yes +1207-speakers-2,1207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600 (as of Chen & Lei 1985)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Western Yugurs and the Eastern Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6395,yes 1207-speaker_number-3,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1207-speakers-3,1207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1207-speaker_number-4,1207,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number (J. Zhong 1999). Ethnic population (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no 1207-speakers-4,1207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number (J. Zhong 1999). Ethnic population (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no -1207-LEI-1,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1207-vitality-1,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1207-LEI-2,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The vitality varies from place to place. In short, only in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Yellow Yugur is the language used for daily communication, and is learned by children at home as L1 before school education.",bib6371,yes -1207-vitality-2,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The vitality varies from place to place. In short, only in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Yellow Yugur is the language used for daily communication, and is learned by children at home as L1 before school education.",bib6371,yes +1207-LEI-1,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1207-vitality-1,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1207-LEI-2,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The vitality varies from place to place. In short, only in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Yellow Yugur is the language used for daily communication, and is learned by children at home as L1 before school education.",bib6395,yes +1207-vitality-2,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The vitality varies from place to place. In short, only in Minghai and Lianhua Townships of Minghua District (明花區), Yellow Yugur is the language used for daily communication, and is learned by children at home as L1 before school education.",bib6395,yes 1207-LEI-3,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1207-vitality-3,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1207-LEI-4,1207,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1207-vitality-4,1207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1208-context-1,1208,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Chinese in official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Tibetan""}",,A limited number of the Yugur living in Huangcheng are bilingual in both Western and Eastern Yugur. A small number of Tibetans married into the Yugur community in Huangcheng District speak Tibetan and Eastern Yugur. Most of the Yugur shift to Chinese which serves as a lingua franca.,bib6371,no +1208-context-1,1208,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Chinese in official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Tibetan""}",,A limited number of the Yugur living in Huangcheng are bilingual in both Western and Eastern Yugur. A small number of Tibetans married into the Yugur community in Huangcheng District speak Tibetan and Eastern Yugur. Most of the Yugur shift to Chinese which serves as a lingua franca.,bib6395,no 1208-location-1,1208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.0, 99.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1208-location-2,1208,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1208-location-3,1208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.1002, 99.2065]]}",,,bib5307,no -1208-location-4,1208,location,"{""Places"": [""Gansu Province, China""], ""Description"": ""the eastern part of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (\u8085\u5357\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), specifically Hongshiwo (\u7d05\u77f3\u7aa9) and Qinglong (\u9752\u9f8d) Townships of Kangle District (\u5eb7\u6a02\u5340), and Beitan (\u5317\u7058) and Dongtan (\u6771\u7058) Townships of Huangcheng District (\u7687\u57ce\u5340), Gansu Province, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.78, 99.987], [38.859, 99.701], [39.277, 97.524], [38.999, 99.412]]}",,,bib6371,no -1208-location-5,1208,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gansu (\u7518\u8085) Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1208-location-3,1208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.1002, 99.2065]]}",,,bib5330,no +1208-location-4,1208,location,"{""Places"": [""Gansu Province, China""], ""Description"": ""the eastern part of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County (\u8085\u5357\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), specifically Hongshiwo (\u7d05\u77f3\u7aa9) and Qinglong (\u9752\u9f8d) Townships of Kangle District (\u5eb7\u6a02\u5340), and Beitan (\u5317\u7058) and Dongtan (\u6771\u7058) Townships of Huangcheng District (\u7687\u57ce\u5340), Gansu Province, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.78, 99.987], [38.859, 99.701], [39.277, 97.524], [38.999, 99.412]]}",,,bib6395,no +1208-location-5,1208,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gansu (\u7518\u8085) Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1208-speaker_number-1,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number (1999 Junast). Ethnic population (2000 D. Bradley).,bib67,no 1208-speakers-1,1208,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number (1999 Junast). Ethnic population (2000 D. Bradley).,bib67,no -1208-speaker_number-2,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1208-speakers-2,1208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1208-speaker_number-3,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Eastern Yugurs and the Western Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6371,no -1208-speakers-3,1208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800 (as of Chen & Lei 1985)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Eastern Yugurs and the Western Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6371,no -1208-speaker_number-4,1208,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Though East Yugur is Monglic, it is ""officially linked with the Turkic-speaking Western Yugur in the Yugur nationality.""",bib1205,yes -1208-speakers-4,1208,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""> 6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Though East Yugur is Monglic, it is ""officially linked with the Turkic-speaking Western Yugur in the Yugur nationality.""",bib1205,yes +1208-speaker_number-2,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1208-speakers-2,1208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1208-speaker_number-3,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Eastern Yugurs and the Western Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6395,no +1208-speakers-3,1208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800 (as of Chen & Lei 1985)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Eastern Yugurs and the Western Yugurs are both covered under the Yugurs nationality in China.,bib6395,no +1208-speaker_number-4,1208,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Though East Yugur is Monglic, it is ""officially linked with the Turkic-speaking Western Yugur in the Yugur nationality.""",bib1214,yes +1208-speakers-4,1208,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""> 6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Though East Yugur is Monglic, it is ""officially linked with the Turkic-speaking Western Yugur in the Yugur nationality.""",bib1214,yes 1208-speaker_number-5,1208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1208-speakers-5,1208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1208-LEI-1,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1208-vitality-1,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1208-LEI-2,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1208-vitality-2,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1208-LEI-3,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6371,no -1208-vitality-3,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6371,no -1208-LEI-4,1208,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1208-vitality-4,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1208-LEI-2,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1208-vitality-2,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1208-LEI-3,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6395,no +1208-vitality-3,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6395,no +1208-LEI-4,1208,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1208-vitality-4,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1208-LEI-5,1208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1208-vitality-5,1208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1209-context-1,1209,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin""}",,This language is losing ground to Chinese more rapidly than nearby Monguor (Tu). Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -1209-location-1,1209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5411, 102.7935]]}",,,bib5307,no -1209-location-2,1209,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Gansu (\u7518\u8085)""}",,,bib1205,yes +1209-context-1,1209,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin""}",,This language is losing ground to Chinese more rapidly than nearby Monguor (Tu). Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +1209-location-1,1209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5411, 102.7935]]}",,,bib5330,no +1209-location-2,1209,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Gansu (\u7518\u8085)""}",,,bib1214,yes 1209-location-3,1209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.5, 107.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1209-location-4,1209,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1209-speaker_number-1,1209,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1209-speakers-1,1209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -1209-speaker_number-2,1209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1209-speakers-2,1209,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""513,805"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1209-speaker_number-1,1209,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1209-speakers-1,1209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +1209-speaker_number-2,1209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1209-speakers-2,1209,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""513,805"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1209-speaker_number-3,1209,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1209-speakers-3,1209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1209-speaker_number-4,1209,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Junast (1999). ""80,000 monolinguals. Half in the Suonanba dialect."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.",bib67,no 1209-speakers-4,1209,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""373,872"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Junast (1999). ""80,000 monolinguals. Half in the Suonanba dialect."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.",bib67,no -1209-LEI-1,1209,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1209-vitality-1,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1209-LEI-2,1209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1209-vitality-2,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1209-LEI-1,1209,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1209-vitality-1,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1209-LEI-2,1209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1209-vitality-2,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1209-LEI-3,1209,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1209-vitality-3,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1209-LEI-4,1209,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1209-vitality-4,1209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 121-location-1,121,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.5, -85.0]]}",,,bib216,no -121-location-3,121,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.3251, -95.8495], [45.0269, -84.1992], [35.3135, -96.9255], [45.5601, -88.83]]}",,,bib1709,no -121-speaker_number-1,121,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -121-speakers-1,121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~250""}",,,bib2984,no +121-location-3,121,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.3251, -95.8495], [45.0269, -84.1992], [35.3135, -96.9255], [45.5601, -88.83]]}",,,bib1721,no +121-speaker_number-1,121,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +121-speakers-1,121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~250""}",,,bib2998,no 121-speaker_number-2,121,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Potawatomi has about 50 first-language speakers in several widely separated communities in the US and Canada. These include the Hannahville Indian Community (Upper Peninsula of Michigan), the Pokagon and Huron Bands (southern Michigan), the Forest County Band (northern Wisconsin), the Prairie Band (eastern Kansas), and the Citizen Potawatomi Nation of Oklahoma. A few Potawatomi speakers also live among the Eastern Ojibwe in Ontario, particularly at the Walpole Island Reserve. The largest speech communities are in the Forest County and Prairie Bands, each -with about 20 speakers, several conservatively fluent.",bib5217,no +with about 20 speakers, several conservatively fluent.",bib5240,no 121-speakers-2,121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Potawatomi has about 50 first-language speakers in several widely separated communities in the US and Canada. These include the Hannahville Indian Community (Upper Peninsula of Michigan), the Pokagon and Huron Bands (southern Michigan), the Forest County Band (northern Wisconsin), the Prairie Band (eastern Kansas), and the Citizen Potawatomi Nation of Oklahoma. A few Potawatomi speakers also live among the Eastern Ojibwe in Ontario, particularly at the Walpole Island Reserve. The largest speech communities are in the Forest County and Prairie Bands, each -with about 20 speakers, several conservatively fluent.",bib5217,no -121-speaker_number-3,121,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5481,yes -121-speakers-3,121,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib5481,yes -121-LEI-1,121,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -121-vitality-1,121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -121-LEI-2,121,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -121-vitality-2,121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -121-LEI-3,121,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5481,yes -121-transmission-3,121,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5481,yes -121-vitality-3,121,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5481,yes -1210-context-1,1210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Tibetan and Arabic"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,Almost all speak Mandarin. A few elder people are able to speak Tibetan as well. Akhoonds are able to speak Arabic.,bib8315,yes -1210-location-1,1210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0757, 102.2991]]}",,,bib5307,no -1210-location-2,1210,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""in the Kangyang area of Tongren (\u540c\u4ec1) County in Qinghai (\u9752\u6d77), China""}",,,bib1205,no -1210-location-3,1210,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Kangyang Township, Qinghai Province, China (\u9752\u6d77\u7701\u5c16\u624e\u7e23\u5eb7\u694a\u93ae); specifically Shalimu (\u6c99\u529b\u6728), Zongzila (\u5b97\u5b50\u62c9) and Xiangdao (\u5df7\u9053) villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.959, 101.978]]}",,,bib8315,yes +with about 20 speakers, several conservatively fluent.",bib5240,no +121-speaker_number-3,121,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5504,yes +121-speakers-3,121,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib5504,yes +121-LEI-1,121,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +121-vitality-1,121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +121-LEI-2,121,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +121-vitality-2,121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +121-LEI-3,121,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5504,yes +121-transmission-3,121,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5504,yes +121-vitality-3,121,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5504,yes +1210-context-1,1210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Tibetan and Arabic"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,Almost all speak Mandarin. A few elder people are able to speak Tibetan as well. Akhoonds are able to speak Arabic.,bib8340,yes +1210-location-1,1210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0757, 102.2991]]}",,,bib5330,no +1210-location-2,1210,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""in the Kangyang area of Tongren (\u540c\u4ec1) County in Qinghai (\u9752\u6d77), China""}",,,bib1214,no +1210-location-3,1210,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Kangyang Township, Qinghai Province, China (\u9752\u6d77\u7701\u5c16\u624e\u7e23\u5eb7\u694a\u93ae); specifically Shalimu (\u6c99\u529b\u6728), Zongzila (\u5b97\u5b50\u62c9) and Xiangdao (\u5df7\u9053) villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.959, 101.978]]}",,,bib8340,yes 1210-location-4,1210,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1210-speaker_number-1,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1210-speakers-1,1210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1210-speaker_number-2,1210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,belongs to the Hui (Moslem) nationality in Qinghai. The Kangjia is also known as Tongren Turen 'original inhabitants of Tongren' (同仁土人).,bib1205,no -1210-speakers-2,1210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,belongs to the Hui (Moslem) nationality in Qinghai. The Kangjia is also known as Tongren Turen 'original inhabitants of Tongren' (同仁土人).,bib1205,no -1210-speaker_number-3,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"a total of 487 speakers, including both native speakers (377) and semi-speakers (110). The Kangjia are Muslims.",bib8315,yes -1210-speakers-3,1210,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""256 (above 46)"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""> 2000"", ""Young Adults"": ""231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""377"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""110""}",,"a total of 487 speakers, including both native speakers (377) and semi-speakers (110). The Kangjia are Muslims.",bib8315,yes +1210-speaker_number-1,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1210-speakers-1,1210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1210-speaker_number-2,1210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,belongs to the Hui (Moslem) nationality in Qinghai. The Kangjia is also known as Tongren Turen 'original inhabitants of Tongren' (同仁土人).,bib1214,no +1210-speakers-2,1210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,belongs to the Hui (Moslem) nationality in Qinghai. The Kangjia is also known as Tongren Turen 'original inhabitants of Tongren' (同仁土人).,bib1214,no +1210-speaker_number-3,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"a total of 487 speakers, including both native speakers (377) and semi-speakers (110). The Kangjia are Muslims.",bib8340,yes +1210-speakers-3,1210,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""256 (above 46)"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""> 2000"", ""Young Adults"": ""231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""377"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""110""}",,"a total of 487 speakers, including both native speakers (377) and semi-speakers (110). The Kangjia are Muslims.",bib8340,yes 1210-speaker_number-4,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1210-speakers-4,1210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1210-speaker_number-5,1210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,430 (1999 Sechenchogt). Ethnic population: 487.,bib67,no 1210-speakers-5,1210,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""487"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,430 (1999 Sechenchogt). Ethnic population: 487.,bib67,no -1210-LEI-1,1210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1210-vitality-1,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1210-LEI-2,1210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1210-vitality-2,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -1210-LEI-3,1210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8315,yes -1210-transmission-3,1210,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8315,yes -1210-speaker_number_trends-3,1210,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8315,yes -1210-vitality-3,1210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8315,yes +1210-LEI-1,1210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1210-vitality-1,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1210-LEI-2,1210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1210-vitality-2,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +1210-LEI-3,1210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8340,yes +1210-transmission-3,1210,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8340,yes +1210-speaker_number_trends-3,1210,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8340,yes +1210-vitality-3,1210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Though Kangjia is now used in restricted domains, the Kangjia still sense the solidarity when hearing the language, especially at home or in the markets.",bib8340,yes 1210-LEI-4,1210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1210-vitality-4,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1210-LEI-5,1210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1210-vitality-5,1210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1212-location-1,1212,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0, 143.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1212-location-2,1212,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kuril Islands (Tsishima), Hokkaido.""}",,,bib67,no -1212-location-3,1212,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib7656,yes -1212-location-4,1212,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.3983, 142.2949]]}",,,bib5307,no -1212-location-5,1212,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib6939,no +1212-location-3,1212,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib7681,yes +1212-location-4,1212,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.3983, 142.2949]]}",,,bib5330,no +1212-location-5,1212,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib6963,no 1212-speaker_number-1,1212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"15 native speakers in Japan (1996 A. Vovin). Ethnic population: 15,000 in Japan.",bib67,no 1212-speakers-1,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"15 native speakers in Japan (1996 A. Vovin). Ethnic population: 15,000 in Japan.",bib67,no -1212-speaker_number-2,1212,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Few people in Nibutani area know isolated words and phrases,bib7656,yes -1212-speakers-2,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Few people in Nibutani area know isolated words and phrases,bib7656,yes -1212-speaker_number-3,1212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1212-speakers-3,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1212-speaker_number-2,1212,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Few people in Nibutani area know isolated words and phrases,bib7681,yes +1212-speakers-2,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Few people in Nibutani area know isolated words and phrases,bib7681,yes +1212-speaker_number-3,1212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1212-speakers-3,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1212-speaker_number-4,1212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1212-speakers-4,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1212-speaker_number-5,1212,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are several hundred heritage language learners of Ainu.,bib6939,no -1212-speakers-5,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,There are several hundred heritage language learners of Ainu.,bib6939,no +1212-speaker_number-5,1212,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are several hundred heritage language learners of Ainu.,bib6963,no +1212-speakers-5,1212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,There are several hundred heritage language learners of Ainu.,bib6963,no 1212-LEI-1,1212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1212-vitality-1,1212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1212-LEI-2,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib606,no -1212-transmission-2,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib606,no -1212-speaker_number_trends-2,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib606,no -1212-vitality-2,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib606,no -1212-LEI-3,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7656,yes -1212-transmission-3,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7656,yes -1212-speaker_number_trends-3,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7656,yes -1212-vitality-3,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7656,yes -1212-LEI-4,1212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1212-vitality-4,1212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1212-LEI-2,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib609,no +1212-transmission-2,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib609,no +1212-speaker_number_trends-2,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib609,no +1212-vitality-2,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Spoken by a small number of old people,bib609,no +1212-LEI-3,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7681,yes +1212-transmission-3,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7681,yes +1212-speaker_number_trends-3,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7681,yes +1212-vitality-3,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7681,yes +1212-LEI-4,1212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1212-vitality-4,1212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1212-LEI-5,1212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1212-vitality-5,1212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1212-LEI-6,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6939,no -1212-transmission-6,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6939,no -1212-speaker_number_trends-6,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6939,no -1212-vitality-6,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6939,no -1213-location-1,1213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3333, 105.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -1213-location-2,1213,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Western Thanh Hoa Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1212-LEI-6,1212,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6963,no +1212-transmission-6,1212,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6963,no +1212-speaker_number_trends-6,1212,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6963,no +1212-vitality-6,1212,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6963,no +1213-location-1,1213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3333, 105.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +1213-location-2,1213,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Western Thanh Hoa Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1213-location-3,1213,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no -1213-speaker_number-1,1213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1213-speakers-1,1213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1213-speaker_number-2,1213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 1,000 group members, about half able to speak.",bib1205,yes -1213-speakers-2,1213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 1,000 group members, about half able to speak.",bib1205,yes +1213-speaker_number-1,1213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1213-speakers-1,1213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1213-speaker_number-2,1213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 1,000 group members, about half able to speak.",bib1214,yes +1213-speakers-2,1213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 1,000 group members, about half able to speak.",bib1214,yes 1213-speaker_number-3,1213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1213-speakers-3,1213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1213-speaker_number-4,1213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 in Laos (Ferlus 1996). Population total all countries: 2,700.",bib67,no 1213-speakers-4,1213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 in Laos (Ferlus 1996). Population total all countries: 2,700.",bib67,no -1213-LEI-1,1213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1213-vitality-1,1213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1213-LEI-2,1213,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1213-speaker_number_trends-2,1213,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1213-vitality-2,1213,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1213-LEI-1,1213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1213-vitality-1,1213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1213-LEI-2,1213,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1213-speaker_number_trends-2,1213,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1213-vitality-2,1213,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1213-LEI-3,1213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1213-vitality-3,1213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1213-LEI-4,1213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1213-vitality-4,1213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1214-location-1,1214,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Laos""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.3168, 103.5142]]}",,,bib5307,no -1214-location-2,1214,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Laos: southeastern Borikhan Province; Thailand: Sakorn Nakorn Province, Pathum-wapi Subdistrict, 3 villages.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1214-location-1,1214,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Laos""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.3168, 103.5142]]}",,,bib5330,no +1214-location-2,1214,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Laos: southeastern Borikhan Province; Thailand: Sakorn Nakorn Province, Pathum-wapi Subdistrict, 3 villages.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1214-location-3,1214,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.77, 104.23]]}",,,bib75,no 1214-location-4,1214,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: Thavung in Sakon Nakhon Province, Song Daw District, 3 villages; Phon Soung live about 100 km south of the Thavung. Laos: Pak Sane Province, Khamkeut District, near Lak Sao""}",,,bib67,no -1214-speaker_number-1,1214,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1214-speakers-1,1214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1214-speaker_number-2,1214,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1214-speakers-2,1214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1214-speaker_number-1,1214,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1214-speakers-1,1214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1214-speaker_number-2,1214,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1214-speakers-2,1214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1214-speaker_number-3,1214,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1214-speakers-3,1214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1214-speaker_number-4,1214,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,770 in Laos (2000). 750 in Thailand (Ferlus 1996).",bib67,no 1214-speakers-4,1214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,770 in Laos (2000). 750 in Thailand (Ferlus 1996).",bib67,no -1214-LEI-1,1214,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1214-vitality-1,1214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1214-LEI-2,1214,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1205,yes -1214-speaker_number_trends-2,1214,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1205,yes -1214-vitality-2,1214,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1205,yes +1214-LEI-1,1214,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1214-vitality-1,1214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1214-LEI-2,1214,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1214,yes +1214-speaker_number_trends-2,1214,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1214,yes +1214-vitality-2,1214,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Severely endangered in Thailand, where they are locally called So (the name of a much larger Katuic group); also endangered in Laos.",bib1214,yes 1214-LEI-3,1214,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1214-vitality-3,1214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1214-LEI-4,1214,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1214-vitality-4,1214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1215-location-1,1215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.78, 105.7666]]}",,,bib5307,no -1215-location-2,1215,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Quang Binh Province in Vietnam and adjacent areas of Laos.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1215-location-1,1215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.78, 105.7666]]}",,,bib5330,no +1215-location-2,1215,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Quang Binh Province in Vietnam and adjacent areas of Laos.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1215-location-3,1215,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no -1215-speaker_number-1,1215,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1215-speakers-1,1215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1215-speaker_number-2,1215,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1215-speakers-2,1215,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1215-speaker_number-1,1215,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1215-speakers-1,1215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1215-speaker_number-2,1215,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1215-speakers-2,1215,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1215-speaker_number-3,1215,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1215-speakers-3,1215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,279"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1215-speaker_number-4,1215,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,830 in Viet Nam (1999 census).",bib67,no 1215-speakers-4,1215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,830 in Viet Nam (1999 census).",bib67,no -1215-LEI-1,1215,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1215-vitality-1,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1215-LEI-2,1215,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1215-vitality-2,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1215-LEI-1,1215,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1215-vitality-1,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1215-LEI-2,1215,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1215-vitality-2,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1215-LEI-3,1215,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1215-vitality-3,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1215-LEI-4,1215,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1215-vitality-4,1215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1217-location-1,1217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.5333, 105.3833]]}",,,bib5307,no -1217-location-2,1217,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: southeastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1217-location-1,1217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.5333, 105.3833]]}",,,bib5330,no +1217-location-2,1217,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: southeastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1217-location-3,1217,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -1217-speaker_number-1,1217,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1217-speakers-1,1217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1217-speaker_number-2,1217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1217-speakers-2,1217,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1217-speaker_number-1,1217,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1217-speakers-1,1217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1217-speaker_number-2,1217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1217-speakers-2,1217,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1217-speaker_number-3,1217,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1217-speakers-3,1217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1217-speaker_number-4,1217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Nguyen (1997).,bib67,no 1217-speakers-4,1217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Nguyen (1997).,bib67,no -1217-LEI-1,1217,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1217-vitality-1,1217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1217-LEI-2,1217,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1217-speaker_number_trends-2,1217,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1217-vitality-2,1217,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1217-LEI-1,1217,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1217-vitality-1,1217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1217-LEI-2,1217,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1217-speaker_number_trends-2,1217,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1217-vitality-2,1217,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1217-LEI-3,1217,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1217-vitality-3,1217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1217-LEI-4,1217,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1217-vitality-4,1217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1219-context-1,1219,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese; Kh\u00f9a; Lao"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""The Arem language is not homogeneous, the pressure of neighboring languages is exerted on the individuals rather than on the group. The speakers are at least bilingual with Vietnamese, standard as well as dialectal, and some people can also speak Khùa or Lao."" (p.1)",bib2598,no -1219-location-1,1219,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh province, B\u1ed1-tr\u1ea1ch district, T\u00e2ntr\u1ea1ch commune, C\u00e0 R\u00f2ong hamlet""}",,,bib2598,no -1219-location-2,1219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.1771, 105.3369]]}",,,bib5307,no -1219-location-3,1219,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1219-context-1,1219,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese; Kh\u00f9a; Lao"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""The Arem language is not homogeneous, the pressure of neighboring languages is exerted on the individuals rather than on the group. The speakers are at least bilingual with Vietnamese, standard as well as dialectal, and some people can also speak Khùa or Lao."" (p.1)",bib2611,no +1219-location-1,1219,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh province, B\u1ed1-tr\u1ea1ch district, T\u00e2ntr\u1ea1ch commune, C\u00e0 R\u00f2ong hamlet""}",,,bib2611,no +1219-location-2,1219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.1771, 105.3369]]}",,,bib5330,no +1219-location-3,1219,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1219-location-4,1219,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no -1219-speaker_number-1,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""The need to find marital partners outside the group has the consequence that only a minority of Arem, about a quarter, regularly speak their language. The Arem language is in great danger of extinction."" (p.1)",bib2598,no -1219-speakers-1,1219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00ed D\u00f5i 1999: 110)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""The need to find marital partners outside the group has the consequence that only a minority of Arem, about a quarter, regularly speak their language. The Arem language is in great danger of extinction."" (p.1)",bib2598,no -1219-speaker_number-2,1219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1219-speakers-2,1219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1219-speaker_number-3,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1205,yes -1219-speakers-3,1219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1205,yes +1219-speaker_number-1,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""The need to find marital partners outside the group has the consequence that only a minority of Arem, about a quarter, regularly speak their language. The Arem language is in great danger of extinction."" (p.1)",bib2611,no +1219-speakers-1,1219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00ed D\u00f5i 1999: 110)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""The need to find marital partners outside the group has the consequence that only a minority of Arem, about a quarter, regularly speak their language. The Arem language is in great danger of extinction."" (p.1)",bib2611,no +1219-speaker_number-2,1219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1219-speakers-2,1219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1219-speaker_number-3,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1214,yes +1219-speakers-3,1219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1214,yes 1219-speaker_number-4,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1219-speakers-4,1219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1219-speaker_number-5,1219,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are 20 speakers in Viet Nam (Ferlus 1996). The ethnic population in Viet Nam is 100 (Ferlus 1996).,bib67,no 1219-speakers-5,1219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are 20 speakers in Viet Nam (Ferlus 1996). The ethnic population in Viet Nam is 100 (Ferlus 1996).,bib67,no -1219-LEI-1,1219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2598,no -1219-speaker_number_trends-1,1219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2598,no -1219-vitality-1,1219,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2598,no -1219-LEI-2,1219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1219-vitality-2,1219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1219-LEI-3,1219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1219-speaker_number_trends-3,1219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1219-vitality-3,1219,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1219-LEI-1,1219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2611,no +1219-speaker_number_trends-1,1219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2611,no +1219-vitality-1,1219,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2611,no +1219-LEI-2,1219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1219-vitality-2,1219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1219-LEI-3,1219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1219-speaker_number_trends-3,1219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1219-vitality-3,1219,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1219-LEI-4,1219,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1219-vitality-4,1219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1219-LEI-5,1219,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1219-vitality-5,1219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1220-context-1,1220,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,yes -1220-location-1,1220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.564, 102.529]]}",,,bib5307,no -1220-location-2,1220,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Kompong Speu Province""}",,Most relocated from Phnom Aural nearer to Kompong Speu in the 1990s.,bib1205,yes +1220-context-1,1220,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,yes +1220-location-1,1220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.564, 102.529]]}",,,bib5330,no +1220-location-2,1220,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Kompong Speu Province""}",,Most relocated from Phnom Aural nearer to Kompong Speu in the 1990s.,bib1214,yes 1220-location-3,1220,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Central Cambodia, northwest of Phnom Penh""}",,,bib67,no -1220-speaker_number-1,1220,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1220-speakers-1,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1220-speaker_number-2,1220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 500 in group, many non-speakers.",bib1205,yes -1220-speakers-2,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 500 in group, many non-speakers.",bib1205,yes +1220-speaker_number-1,1220,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1220-speakers-1,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1220-speaker_number-2,1220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 500 in group, many non-speakers.",bib1214,yes +1220-speakers-2,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 500 in group, many non-speakers.",bib1214,yes 1220-speaker_number-3,1220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1220-speakers-3,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1220-speaker_number-4,1220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number decreasing,bib67,no 1220-speakers-4,1220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number decreasing,bib67,no -1220-LEI-1,1220,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1220-vitality-1,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1220-LEI-2,1220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1220-vitality-2,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1220-LEI-1,1220,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1220-vitality-1,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1220-LEI-2,1220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1220-vitality-2,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1220-LEI-3,1220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1220-vitality-3,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1220-LEI-4,1220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1220-vitality-4,1220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1222-location-1,1222,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.228214, 99.852433]]}",,,bib7945,yes +1222-location-1,1222,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.228214, 99.852433]]}",,,bib7970,yes 1222-location-2,1222,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Kanchanaburi, Phetburi, Pitsanulok, Nakorn Sawaan, Nakorn Pathom, Suphanburi""}",,,bib67,no 1222-speaker_number-1,1222,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1222-speakers-1,1222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 1222-LEI-1,1222,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1222-vitality-1,1222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1223-context-1,1223,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5995,yes -1223-location-1,1223,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Cambodia""]}",,,bib5995,yes -1223-location-2,1223,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1166, 103.0833]]}",,,bib5307,no -1223-location-3,1223,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Cambodia: Pursat Province.""}",,,bib1205,no +1223-context-1,1223,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6019,yes +1223-location-1,1223,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Cambodia""]}",,,bib6019,yes +1223-location-2,1223,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1166, 103.0833]]}",,,bib5330,no +1223-location-3,1223,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Cambodia: Pursat Province.""}",,,bib1214,no 1223-location-4,1223,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,no -1223-speaker_number-1,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All the fluent speakers are above 55 years old.,bib5995,yes -1223-speakers-1,1223,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0 in Thailand"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All the fluent speakers are above 55 years old.,bib5995,yes -1223-speaker_number-2,1223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1223-speakers-2,1223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1223-speaker_number-3,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 200 group members, half post-1975 refugees in Thailand. Of those in Thailand, fewer than 20 speak the language, and the youngest are approaching 50.",bib1205,no -1223-speakers-3,1223,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200 (100 in Thailand and 100 in Cambodia)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0 (Thailand)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"About 200 group members, half post-1975 refugees in Thailand. Of those in Thailand, fewer than 20 speak the language, and the youngest are approaching 50.",bib1205,no +1223-speaker_number-1,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All the fluent speakers are above 55 years old.,bib6019,yes +1223-speakers-1,1223,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0 in Thailand"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All the fluent speakers are above 55 years old.,bib6019,yes +1223-speaker_number-2,1223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1223-speakers-2,1223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1223-speaker_number-3,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 200 group members, half post-1975 refugees in Thailand. Of those in Thailand, fewer than 20 speak the language, and the youngest are approaching 50.",bib1214,no +1223-speakers-3,1223,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200 (100 in Thailand and 100 in Cambodia)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0 (Thailand)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"About 200 group members, half post-1975 refugees in Thailand. Of those in Thailand, fewer than 20 speak the language, and the youngest are approaching 50.",bib1214,no 1223-speaker_number-4,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1223-speakers-4,1223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1223-speaker_number-5,1223,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no 1223-speakers-5,1223,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no -1223-LEI-1,1223,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib5995,yes -1223-transmission-1,1223,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib5995,yes -1223-domains_of_use-1,1223,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib5995,yes -1223-speaker_number_trends-1,1223,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib5995,yes -1223-vitality-1,1223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib5995,yes -1223-LEI-2,1223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1223-vitality-2,1223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1223-LEI-3,1223,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1223-transmission-3,1223,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -1223-speaker_number_trends-3,1223,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -1223-vitality-3,1223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,no +1223-LEI-1,1223,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib6019,yes +1223-transmission-1,1223,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib6019,yes +1223-domains_of_use-1,1223,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib6019,yes +1223-speaker_number_trends-1,1223,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib6019,yes +1223-vitality-1,1223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""There are only 20-30 Samre speakers left at present. All of them are over 55 years old. The older Samre people generally speak Thai and they use the Samre language only among their group. The middle-aged and younger members refuse to speak their mother tongue because their ethnic language has no script. This leads to the prediction that this ethnic language in Thailand will be lost in about twenty years."" (p.171)",bib6019,yes +1223-LEI-2,1223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1223-vitality-2,1223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1223-LEI-3,1223,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1223-transmission-3,1223,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +1223-speaker_number_trends-3,1223,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +1223-vitality-3,1223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,no 1223-LEI-4,1223,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1223-vitality-4,1223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1223-LEI-5,1223,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1223-vitality-5,1223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1224-location-1,1224,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4666, 102.65]]}",,,bib5307,no -1224-location-2,1224,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Preah Vihar Province, Rovieng District""}",,,bib1205,yes +1224-location-1,1224,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4666, 102.65]]}",,,bib5330,no +1224-location-2,1224,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Preah Vihar Province, Rovieng District""}",,,bib1214,yes 1224-location-3,1224,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,no -1224-speaker_number-1,1224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1224-speakers-1,1224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1224-speaker_number-2,1224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Three or four villages, population reduced from about 1,000 people pre-1975 to perhaps 250 now.",bib1205,yes -1224-speakers-2,1224,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Three or four villages, population reduced from about 1,000 people pre-1975 to perhaps 250 now.",bib1205,yes +1224-speaker_number-1,1224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1224-speakers-1,1224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1224-speaker_number-2,1224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Three or four villages, population reduced from about 1,000 people pre-1975 to perhaps 250 now.",bib1214,yes +1224-speakers-2,1224,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Three or four villages, population reduced from about 1,000 people pre-1975 to perhaps 250 now.",bib1214,yes 1224-speaker_number-3,1224,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1224-speakers-3,1224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1224-speaker_number-4,1224,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Helmers and Wallgren (2002).,bib67,no 1224-speakers-4,1224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,670"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Helmers and Wallgren (2002).,bib67,no -1224-LEI-1,1224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1224-vitality-1,1224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1224-LEI-2,1224,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1224-speaker_number_trends-2,1224,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1224-vitality-2,1224,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1224-LEI-1,1224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1224-vitality-1,1224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1224-LEI-2,1224,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1224-speaker_number_trends-2,1224,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1224-vitality-2,1224,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1224-LEI-3,1224,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1224-vitality-3,1224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1224-LEI-4,1224,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1224-vitality-4,1224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1226-context-1,1226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer, Thai"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Known as Chu’ung, Sa-ong or Khamen Padong (‘Padong Khmer’) in Thailand; the Khmer name Sa-och is a kind of skin disease in Khmer, and is greatly resented by the group. The speakers in Thailand were transported as war captives in 1833, but some escaped the Thais and remained behind or later returned. All speakers in Cambodia are bilingual in Khmer, and all in Thailand speak Thai.",bib1205,yes -1226-location-1,1226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.4897, 99.1661]]}",,,bib5307,no -1226-location-2,1226,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Cambodia: Kompong Som Province, near Veal Rinh; Thailand: Kanchanaburi Province, Srisawat District, Tha Thungna village.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1226-context-1,1226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer, Thai"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Known as Chu’ung, Sa-ong or Khamen Padong (‘Padong Khmer’) in Thailand; the Khmer name Sa-och is a kind of skin disease in Khmer, and is greatly resented by the group. The speakers in Thailand were transported as war captives in 1833, but some escaped the Thais and remained behind or later returned. All speakers in Cambodia are bilingual in Khmer, and all in Thailand speak Thai.",bib1214,yes +1226-location-1,1226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.4897, 99.1661]]}",,,bib5330,no +1226-location-2,1226,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Cambodia: Kompong Som Province, near Veal Rinh; Thailand: Kanchanaburi Province, Srisawat District, Tha Thungna village.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1226-location-3,1226,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1226-speaker_number-1,1226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1226-speakers-1,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1226-speaker_number-2,1226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"43 speakers in Cambodia in the early 1880s, 17 speakers (three families) in the 1990s; also 150 in Thailand, including 20 speakers, about half fluent, with the youngest semispeakers now approaching 40.",bib1205,yes -1226-speakers-2,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""20""}",,"43 speakers in Cambodia in the early 1880s, 17 speakers (three families) in the 1990s; also 150 in Thailand, including 20 speakers, about half fluent, with the youngest semispeakers now approaching 40.",bib1205,yes +1226-speaker_number-1,1226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1226-speakers-1,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1226-speaker_number-2,1226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"43 speakers in Cambodia in the early 1880s, 17 speakers (three families) in the 1990s; also 150 in Thailand, including 20 speakers, about half fluent, with the youngest semispeakers now approaching 40.",bib1214,yes +1226-speakers-2,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""20""}",,"43 speakers in Cambodia in the early 1880s, 17 speakers (three families) in the 1990s; also 150 in Thailand, including 20 speakers, about half fluent, with the youngest semispeakers now approaching 40.",bib1214,yes 1226-speaker_number-3,1226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1226-speakers-3,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1226-speaker_number-4,1226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CAS (1996).,bib67,no 1226-speakers-4,1226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CAS (1996).,bib67,no -1226-LEI-1,1226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1226-vitality-1,1226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1226-LEI-2,1226,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1205,yes -1226-transmission-2,1226,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1205,yes -1226-vitality-2,1226,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1205,yes +1226-LEI-1,1226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1226-vitality-1,1226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1226-LEI-2,1226,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1214,yes +1226-transmission-2,1226,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1214,yes +1226-vitality-2,1226,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Despite the very small speaker population, the language is still transmitted to children and used as an in-group language in Cambodia and is only potentially endangered, while in Thailand it is moribund.",bib1214,yes 1226-LEI-3,1226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1226-vitality-3,1226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1226-LEI-4,1226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1226-vitality-4,1226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1227-context-1,1227,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,yes -1227-location-1,1227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.9506, 102.0374]]}",,,bib5307,no -1227-location-2,1227,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Khao Khitchakut district of Chanthaburi province""}",,,bib6018,no -1227-location-3,1227,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chantaburi Province, Makham and Phongnamrawn districts""}",,,bib1205,yes +1227-context-1,1227,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,yes +1227-location-1,1227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.9506, 102.0374]]}",,,bib5330,no +1227-location-2,1227,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Khao Khitchakut district of Chanthaburi province""}",,,bib6042,no +1227-location-3,1227,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chantaburi Province, Makham and Phongnamrawn districts""}",,,bib1214,yes 1227-location-4,1227,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1227-speaker_number-1,1227,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1227-speakers-1,1227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1227-speakers-2,1227,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0""}",,"""Due to the rapid decrease in mother tongue transmission, now it is difficult to determine the exact number of Chong speakers. Different studies present different numbers of Chong speakers in Thailand, ranging from merely 500 (Grimes 2000) to about 4000 (Premsrirat et al. 2007)... The younger generation, especially those under 30 years old, cannot speak Chong."" (p.603)",bib6018,no -1227-speaker_number-3,1227,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1227-speakers-3,1227,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1227-speaker_number-1,1227,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1227-speakers-1,1227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1227-speakers-2,1227,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0""}",,"""Due to the rapid decrease in mother tongue transmission, now it is difficult to determine the exact number of Chong speakers. Different studies present different numbers of Chong speakers in Thailand, ranging from merely 500 (Grimes 2000) to about 4000 (Premsrirat et al. 2007)... The younger generation, especially those under 30 years old, cannot speak Chong."" (p.603)",bib6042,no +1227-speaker_number-3,1227,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1227-speakers-3,1227,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1227-speaker_number-4,1227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1227-speakers-4,1227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1227-speaker_number-5,1227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 5,000 speakers in Cambodia.",bib67,no 1227-speakers-5,1227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 5,000 speakers in Cambodia.",bib67,no -1227-LEI-1,1227,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1227-vitality-1,1227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1227-LEI-2,1227,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6018,no -1227-transmission-2,1227,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6018,no -1227-vitality-2,1227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6018,no -1227-LEI-3,1227,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1227-transmission-3,1227,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,yes -1227-speaker_number_trends-3,1227,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1227-vitality-3,1227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +1227-LEI-1,1227,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1227-vitality-1,1227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1227-LEI-2,1227,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6042,no +1227-transmission-2,1227,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6042,no +1227-vitality-2,1227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6042,no +1227-LEI-3,1227,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1227-transmission-3,1227,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,yes +1227-speaker_number_trends-3,1227,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1227-vitality-3,1227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 1227-LEI-4,1227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1227-vitality-4,1227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1227-LEI-5,1227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1227-vitality-5,1227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1228-context-4,1228,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib5309,no +1228-context-4,1228,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib5332,no 1228-location-1,1228,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.0, -3.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1228-location-2,1228,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""France""]}",,,bib67,no -1228-location-3,1228,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.2246, -3.9331]]}",,,bib5307,no -1228-location-4,1228,location,"{""Places"": [""Brittany, France""]}",,,bib5309,no +1228-location-3,1228,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.2246, -3.9331]]}",,,bib5330,no +1228-location-4,1228,location,"{""Places"": [""Brittany, France""]}",,,bib5332,no 1228-speaker_number-2,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 500,000 speakers in France (1989 International Committee for the Defense of the Breton Language). There are ""1,200,000 [speakers who] know Breton [but] who do not regularly use it.""",bib67,no 1228-speakers-2,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,045"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 500,000 speakers in France (1989 International Committee for the Defense of the Breton Language). There are ""1,200,000 [speakers who] know Breton [but] who do not regularly use it.""",bib67,no -1228-speaker_number-3,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"INSEE survey: 257,000 Breton adults report using Breton sometimes to converse with intimates; 111,600 report using English in such situations.",bib7333,no -1228-speakers-3,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""257,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"INSEE survey: 257,000 Breton adults report using Breton sometimes to converse with intimates; 111,600 report using English in such situations.",bib7333,no -1228-speaker_number-4,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1228-speakers-4,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1228-speaker_number-3,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"INSEE survey: 257,000 Breton adults report using Breton sometimes to converse with intimates; 111,600 report using English in such situations.",bib7357,no +1228-speakers-3,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""257,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"INSEE survey: 257,000 Breton adults report using Breton sometimes to converse with intimates; 111,600 report using English in such situations.",bib7357,no +1228-speaker_number-4,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1228-speakers-4,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1228-speaker_number-5,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib56,yes 1228-speakers-5,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""206,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Elders"": ""61%%""}",,,bib56,yes 1228-speaker_number-6,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1228-speakers-6,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""532,722"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1228-speaker_number-7,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5309,no -1228-speakers-7,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5309,no +1228-speaker_number-7,1228,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5332,no +1228-speakers-7,1228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5332,no 1228-LEI-1,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1228-vitality-1,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1228-LEI-2,1228,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7333,no -1228-transmission-2,1228,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7333,no -1228-vitality-2,1228,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7333,no -1228-LEI-3,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1228-vitality-3,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1228-LEI-2,1228,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7357,no +1228-transmission-2,1228,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7357,no +1228-vitality-2,1228,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7357,no +1228-LEI-3,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1228-vitality-3,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1228-LEI-4,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib56,yes 1228-vitality-4,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib56,yes 1228-LEI-5,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1228-vitality-5,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1228-LEI-6,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1228-vitality-6,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no -1229-context-1,1229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,"While the current policy of the Azerbaijani Republic encourages the development of less-widely used languages, there has not been a sustained effort to develop an official alphabet, publish materials in the vernacular, or institute Budukh literacy classes.",bib1743,yes -1229-context-2,1229,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib5309,no +1228-LEI-6,1228,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1228-vitality-6,1228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no +1229-context-1,1229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,"While the current policy of the Azerbaijani Republic encourages the development of less-widely used languages, there has not been a sustained effort to develop an official alphabet, publish materials in the vernacular, or institute Budukh literacy classes.",bib1755,yes +1229-context-2,1229,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib5332,no 1229-context-3,1229,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except domestic""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib213,no -1229-location-1,1229,location,"{""Description"": ""North-eastern Azerbaijan""}",,,bib612,no +1229-location-1,1229,location,"{""Description"": ""North-eastern Azerbaijan""}",,,bib615,no 1229-location-2,1229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1666666667, 48.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1229-location-3,1229,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib67,no -1229-location-4,1229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1207, 48.3233]]}",,,bib5307,no -1229-location-5,1229,location,"{""Description"": ""Ethnic Budukh make up a majority in two clusters of villages: the mountain cluster of Buduq, Piru\u00a8 stu\u00a8 , and Qab Qazma in Quba district, and the plains cluster of Yergu\u00a8c\u00b8 and Suxtekele in Xacmaz district. They also live in a number of ethnically mixed plains villages in Quba and Xac\u00b8maz districts. Other ethnicities represented in these mixed villages include Azerbaijani, Lezgi, and Kryz.""}",,,bib1743,yes -1229-location-6,1229,location,"{""Places"": [""Budukh village""]}",,,bib5309,no -1229-speaker_number-1,1229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Today it [Budukh] is spoken as a first language by at most 200 speakers, all inhabitants of a single village of north-eastern Azerbaijan...it [Budukh] preserves typically Daghestanian, and most specifically Proto-Lezgic features.",bib612,no -1229-speakers-1,1229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Today it [Budukh] is spoken as a first language by at most 200 speakers, all inhabitants of a single village of north-eastern Azerbaijan...it [Budukh] preserves typically Daghestanian, and most specifically Proto-Lezgic features.",bib612,no +1229-location-4,1229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1207, 48.3233]]}",,,bib5330,no +1229-location-5,1229,location,"{""Description"": ""Ethnic Budukh make up a majority in two clusters of villages: the mountain cluster of Buduq, Piru\u00a8 stu\u00a8 , and Qab Qazma in Quba district, and the plains cluster of Yergu\u00a8c\u00b8 and Suxtekele in Xacmaz district. They also live in a number of ethnically mixed plains villages in Quba and Xac\u00b8maz districts. Other ethnicities represented in these mixed villages include Azerbaijani, Lezgi, and Kryz.""}",,,bib1755,yes +1229-location-6,1229,location,"{""Places"": [""Budukh village""]}",,,bib5332,no +1229-speaker_number-1,1229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Today it [Budukh] is spoken as a first language by at most 200 speakers, all inhabitants of a single village of north-eastern Azerbaijan...it [Budukh] preserves typically Daghestanian, and most specifically Proto-Lezgic features.",bib615,no +1229-speakers-1,1229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Today it [Budukh] is spoken as a first language by at most 200 speakers, all inhabitants of a single village of north-eastern Azerbaijan...it [Budukh] preserves typically Daghestanian, and most specifically Proto-Lezgic features.",bib615,no 1229-speaker_number-2,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data comes from A. Kibrik (1990).,bib67,no 1229-speakers-2,1229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data comes from A. Kibrik (1990).,bib67,no -1229-speaker_number-3,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1229-speakers-3,1229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1229-speaker_number-4,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1743,yes -1229-speakers-4,1229,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1743,yes +1229-speaker_number-3,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1229-speakers-3,1229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1229-speaker_number-4,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1755,yes +1229-speakers-4,1229,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1755,yes 1229-speaker_number-5,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1229-speakers-5,1229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1229-speaker_number-6,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1229-speakers-6,1229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1229-speaker_number-6,1229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1229-speakers-6,1229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1229-speaker_number-7,1229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib213,no 1229-speakers-7,1229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib213,no -1229-LEI-1,1229,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib612,no -1229-vitality-1,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib612,no +1229-LEI-1,1229,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib615,no +1229-vitality-1,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib615,no 1229-LEI-2,1229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1229-vitality-2,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1229-LEI-3,1229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1229-vitality-3,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1229-LEI-3,1229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1229-vitality-3,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1229-LEI-4,1229,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Our findings indicate that the Budukh language is under enormous pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in the core village of Buduq. While only a small percentage of families do not use Budukh within the family, at least half are said to use both Azerbaijani and Budukh within the family. This could indicate a gradual shift from Budukh to Azerbaijani, though it is not definitive since a significant percentage of the children do learn to speak Budukh. School officials in Buduq village claim that 40%% of children do not understand or use Azerbaijani upon entering school, indicating that Budukh is still the primary language in a significant number of homes in the mountain communities."" @@ -6504,7 +6566,7 @@ pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in plains indicate a loss of the vernacular among the younger generation there. It is clear that for Budukhs who move down to the plains, Budukh is no longer an important language of daily interaction. Instead, Azerbaijani has become the main language of interpersonal communication and family life. Adults over 30 years of age know how to speak Budukh well, and may speak it sometimes with one another, but Azerbaijani is the main language of daily interaction."" ""Perhaps the lack of effort among the Budukh community to develop -and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1743,yes +and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1755,yes 1229-transmission-4,1229,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Our findings indicate that the Budukh language is under enormous pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in the core village of Buduq. While only a small percentage of families do not use Budukh within the family, at least half are said to use both Azerbaijani and Budukh within the family. This could indicate a gradual shift from Budukh to Azerbaijani, though it is not definitive since a significant percentage of the children do learn to speak Budukh. School officials in Buduq village claim that 40%% of children do not understand or use Azerbaijani upon entering school, indicating that Budukh is still the primary language in a significant number of homes in the mountain communities."" @@ -6512,7 +6574,7 @@ pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in plains indicate a loss of the vernacular among the younger generation there. It is clear that for Budukhs who move down to the plains, Budukh is no longer an important language of daily interaction. Instead, Azerbaijani has become the main language of interpersonal communication and family life. Adults over 30 years of age know how to speak Budukh well, and may speak it sometimes with one another, but Azerbaijani is the main language of daily interaction."" ""Perhaps the lack of effort among the Budukh community to develop -and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1743,yes +and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1755,yes 1229-domains_of_use-4,1229,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Our findings indicate that the Budukh language is under enormous pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in the core village of Buduq. While only a small percentage of families do not use Budukh within the family, at least half are said to use both Azerbaijani and Budukh within the family. This could indicate a gradual shift from Budukh to Azerbaijani, though it is not definitive since a significant percentage of the children do learn to speak Budukh. School officials in Buduq village claim that 40%% of children do not understand or use Azerbaijani upon entering school, indicating that Budukh is still the primary language in a significant number of homes in the mountain communities."" @@ -6520,7 +6582,7 @@ pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in plains indicate a loss of the vernacular among the younger generation there. It is clear that for Budukhs who move down to the plains, Budukh is no longer an important language of daily interaction. Instead, Azerbaijani has become the main language of interpersonal communication and family life. Adults over 30 years of age know how to speak Budukh well, and may speak it sometimes with one another, but Azerbaijani is the main language of daily interaction."" ""Perhaps the lack of effort among the Budukh community to develop -and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1743,yes +and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1755,yes 1229-speaker_number_trends-4,1229,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Our findings indicate that the Budukh language is under enormous pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in the core village of Buduq. While only a small percentage of families do not use Budukh within the family, at least half are said to use both Azerbaijani and Budukh within the family. This could indicate a gradual shift from Budukh to Azerbaijani, though it is not definitive since a significant percentage of the children do learn to speak Budukh. School officials in Buduq village claim that 40%% of children do not understand or use Azerbaijani upon entering school, indicating that Budukh is still the primary language in a significant number of homes in the mountain communities."" @@ -6528,7 +6590,7 @@ pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in plains indicate a loss of the vernacular among the younger generation there. It is clear that for Budukhs who move down to the plains, Budukh is no longer an important language of daily interaction. Instead, Azerbaijani has become the main language of interpersonal communication and family life. Adults over 30 years of age know how to speak Budukh well, and may speak it sometimes with one another, but Azerbaijani is the main language of daily interaction."" ""Perhaps the lack of effort among the Budukh community to develop -and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1743,yes +and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1755,yes 1229-vitality-4,1229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Our findings indicate that the Budukh language is under enormous pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in the core village of Buduq. While only a small percentage of families do not use Budukh within the family, at least half are said to use both Azerbaijani and Budukh within the family. This could indicate a gradual shift from Budukh to Azerbaijani, though it is not definitive since a significant percentage of the children do learn to speak Budukh. School officials in Buduq village claim that 40%% of children do not understand or use Azerbaijani upon entering school, indicating that Budukh is still the primary language in a significant number of homes in the mountain communities."" @@ -6536,860 +6598,860 @@ pressure. Both Budukh and Azerbaijani are used in the domain of the home even in plains indicate a loss of the vernacular among the younger generation there. It is clear that for Budukhs who move down to the plains, Budukh is no longer an important language of daily interaction. Instead, Azerbaijani has become the main language of interpersonal communication and family life. Adults over 30 years of age know how to speak Budukh well, and may speak it sometimes with one another, but Azerbaijani is the main language of daily interaction."" ""Perhaps the lack of effort among the Budukh community to develop -and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1743,yes +and encourage the study of the Budukh language in the schools could be a sign that, generally speaking, Budukhs do not consider proficiency in the vernacular to be an integral part of Budukh ethnic identity. Our research indicates that the self-identity of the Budukh is tied less to their language and more to their history. A number of Budukh we interviewed readily identified themselves as Budukh, even though they do not speak the vernacular as their first language.",bib1755,yes 1229-LEI-5,1229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1229-vitality-5,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1229-LEI-6,1229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1229-transmission-6,1229,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,no -1229-vitality-6,1229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5309,no +1229-LEI-6,1229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1229-transmission-6,1229,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,no +1229-vitality-6,1229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5332,no 1229-LEI-7,1229,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1229-vitality-7,1229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1230-location-1,1230,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.8435, 16.5179]]}",,,bib5307,no -1230-location-2,1230,location,"{""Places"": [""Burgenland, Austria""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1230-speaker_number-1,1230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5309,yes -1230-speakers-1,1230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5309,yes -1230-LEI-1,1230,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -1230-speaker_number_trends-1,1230,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5309,yes -1230-vitality-1,1230,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5309,yes -1231-location-1,1231,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.2991, 8.9868]]}",,,bib5307,no +1230-location-1,1230,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.8435, 16.5179]]}",,,bib5330,no +1230-location-2,1230,location,"{""Places"": [""Burgenland, Austria""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1230-speaker_number-1,1230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5332,yes +1230-speakers-1,1230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5332,yes +1230-LEI-1,1230,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +1230-speaker_number_trends-1,1230,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5332,yes +1230-vitality-1,1230,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5332,yes +1231-location-1,1231,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.2991, 8.9868]]}",,,bib5330,no 1231-location-2,1231,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.0, 9.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1231-location-3,1231,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -1231-speaker_number-1,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1231-speakers-1,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -1231-speaker_number-2,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5309,yes -1231-speakers-2,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5309,yes +1231-speaker_number-1,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1231-speakers-1,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +1231-speaker_number-2,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5332,yes +1231-speakers-2,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5332,yes 1231-speaker_number-3,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1231-speakers-3,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""345,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1231-speaker_number-4,1231,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 1231-speakers-4,1231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""345,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -1231-LEI-1,1231,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1231-vitality-1,1231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1231-LEI-2,1231,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -1231-transmission-2,1231,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,yes -1231-vitality-2,1231,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5309,yes +1231-LEI-1,1231,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1231-vitality-1,1231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1231-LEI-2,1231,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +1231-transmission-2,1231,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,yes +1231-vitality-2,1231,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5332,yes 1231-LEI-3,1231,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1231-vitality-3,1231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1231-LEI-4,1231,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1231-vitality-4,1231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1232-location-1,1232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.048, 32.6953]]}",,,bib5307,no -1232-location-2,1232,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""], ""Description"": ""three villages near Thessaloniki (Northern Greece) and Larissa (Central Greece)""}",,,bib3836,yes -1232-speaker_number-1,1232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3836,yes -1232-speakers-1,1232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""several hundred""}",,,bib3836,yes -1232-LEI-1,1232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3836,yes -1232-vitality-1,1232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3836,yes -1234-context-1,1234,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib1244,no -1234-context-2,1234,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, media, education, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian, neighboring languages, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Dagestan region is multilingual, so Chamalal is not stigmatised. Wives from other regions acquire the language. Education takes place in Russian, and Avar is taught marginally as a mother tongue.""}",,,bib6365,yes -1234-context-3,1234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib5309,no +1232-location-1,1232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.048, 32.6953]]}",,,bib5330,no +1232-location-2,1232,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""], ""Description"": ""three villages near Thessaloniki (Northern Greece) and Larissa (Central Greece)""}",,,bib3855,yes +1232-speaker_number-1,1232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3855,yes +1232-speakers-1,1232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""several hundred""}",,,bib3855,yes +1232-LEI-1,1232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3855,yes +1232-vitality-1,1232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3855,yes +1234-context-1,1234,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib1253,no +1234-context-2,1234,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, media, education, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian, neighboring languages, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Dagestan region is multilingual, so Chamalal is not stigmatised. Wives from other regions acquire the language. Education takes place in Russian, and Avar is taught marginally as a mother tongue.""}",,,bib6389,yes +1234-context-3,1234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib5332,no 1234-context-4,1234,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -1234-location-1,1234,location,"{""Description"": ""The Chamalals are a numerically small people who occupy a few dozen villages in the Tsumada district of Dagestan. Their settlements are located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Andi-Koisu river. The major Chamalal villages are Lower-Gaquar, Agual, Tsumada, Urukh, Gachitl, Quenkh, Gigatl and Gad\u00f3r.""}",,,bib1244,no +1234-location-1,1234,location,"{""Description"": ""The Chamalals are a numerically small people who occupy a few dozen villages in the Tsumada district of Dagestan. Their settlements are located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Andi-Koisu river. The major Chamalal villages are Lower-Gaquar, Agual, Tsumada, Urukh, Gachitl, Quenkh, Gigatl and Gad\u00f3r.""}",,,bib1253,no 1234-location-2,1234,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.55, 46.05]]}",,,bib216,no 1234-location-3,1234,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1234-location-4,1234,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5712, 46.0739]]}",,,bib5307,no -1234-location-5,1234,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken in Tsumada District of Dagestan and \u0160arojskij District of Chechnya in Russia, with migration to the plains and larger cities""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3928, 45.5626]]}",,,bib6365,yes -1234-location-6,1234,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Gakvari, Lower Gakvari, Agvali, Tsumada, Richagnik, Gadyri, Gigatl', Kvankhi""]}",,,bib5309,no -1234-speakers-1,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib1244,no +1234-location-4,1234,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5712, 46.0739]]}",,,bib5330,no +1234-location-5,1234,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken in Tsumada District of Dagestan and \u0160arojskij District of Chechnya in Russia, with migration to the plains and larger cities""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3928, 45.5626]]}",,,bib6389,yes +1234-location-6,1234,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Gakvari, Lower Gakvari, Agvali, Tsumada, Richagnik, Gadyri, Gigatl', Kvankhi""]}",,,bib5332,no +1234-speakers-1,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib1253,no 1234-speaker_number-2,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kibrik (1990).,bib67,no 1234-speakers-2,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kibrik (1990).,bib67,no -1234-speaker_number-3,1234,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1234-speakers-3,1234,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1234-speaker_number-3,1234,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1234-speakers-3,1234,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1234-speaker_number-4,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1234-speakers-4,1234,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1234-speaker_number-5,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses,bib6365,yes -1234-speakers-5,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,000 (Alieva)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses,bib6365,yes -1234-speaker_number-6,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1234-speakers-6,1234,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1234-speaker_number-5,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses,bib6389,yes +1234-speakers-5,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,000 (Alieva)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses,bib6389,yes +1234-speaker_number-6,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1234-speakers-6,1234,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1234-speaker_number-7,1234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1234-speakers-7,1234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no 1234-LEI-1,1234,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1234-vitality-1,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1234-LEI-2,1234,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1234-vitality-2,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1234-LEI-2,1234,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1234-vitality-2,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1234-LEI-3,1234,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1234-vitality-3,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1234-LEI-4,1234,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6365,yes -1234-transmission-4,1234,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6365,yes -1234-domains_of_use-4,1234,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6365,yes -1234-speaker_number_trends-4,1234,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6365,yes -1234-vitality-4,1234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6365,yes -1234-LEI-5,1234,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1234-vitality-5,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +1234-LEI-4,1234,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6389,yes +1234-transmission-4,1234,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6389,yes +1234-domains_of_use-4,1234,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6389,yes +1234-speaker_number_trends-4,1234,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6389,yes +1234-vitality-4,1234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.",bib6389,yes +1234-LEI-5,1234,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1234-vitality-5,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 1234-LEI-6,1234,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1234-vitality-6,1234,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 1235-location-1,1235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6666666667, 101.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1235-location-2,1235,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1235-location-3,1235,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand: Petchabun, Chaiyaphum, and Korat Provinces""]}",,,bib6797,no -1235-location-4,1235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6587, 101.5068]]}",,,bib5307,no -1235-location-5,1235,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern, southern Phetchabun, western Chaiyaphum and northwestern Korat provinces.""}",,"Ethnic group of about 20,000, very widely dispersed in the low hills between the central plain and the northeastern plateau of Thailand; remnant of the Mon of the Dvaravati kingdom.",bib1205,yes +1235-location-3,1235,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand: Petchabun, Chaiyaphum, and Korat Provinces""]}",,,bib6821,no +1235-location-4,1235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6587, 101.5068]]}",,,bib5330,no +1235-location-5,1235,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern, southern Phetchabun, western Chaiyaphum and northwestern Korat provinces.""}",,"Ethnic group of about 20,000, very widely dispersed in the low hills between the central plain and the northeastern plateau of Thailand; remnant of the Mon of the Dvaravati kingdom.",bib1214,yes 1235-speaker_number-1,1235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""No monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from C. Shimmin (2006). Data for the ethnic population is from Theraphan (1984).",bib67,no 1235-speakers-1,1235,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""No monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from C. Shimmin (2006). Data for the ethnic population is from Theraphan (1984).",bib67,no -1235-speaker_number-2,1235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4 dialects, 3 of which are very closely related. In Korat province, only the older people still speak the language. In Chaiyaphum province, there are still children who speak the language, but not nearly as many as there were 30 years ago in Nyah Kur village. There are perhaps a couple hundred Nyah Kur in Petchabun province, but that dialect is the one which is very different from the other three dialects.",bib6797,no -1235-speakers-2,1235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4 dialects, 3 of which are very closely related. In Korat province, only the older people still speak the language. In Chaiyaphum province, there are still children who speak the language, but not nearly as many as there were 30 years ago in Nyah Kur village. There are perhaps a couple hundred Nyah Kur in Petchabun province, but that dialect is the one which is very different from the other three dialects.",bib6797,no -1235-speaker_number-3,1235,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1235-speakers-3,1235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1235-speaker_number-4,1235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by about 10,000 of the ethnic group, including a few children, especially in Chaiyaphum Province; but most of the young are semispeakers at best.",bib1205,yes -1235-speakers-4,1235,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by about 10,000 of the ethnic group, including a few children, especially in Chaiyaphum Province; but most of the young are semispeakers at best.",bib1205,yes +1235-speaker_number-2,1235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4 dialects, 3 of which are very closely related. In Korat province, only the older people still speak the language. In Chaiyaphum province, there are still children who speak the language, but not nearly as many as there were 30 years ago in Nyah Kur village. There are perhaps a couple hundred Nyah Kur in Petchabun province, but that dialect is the one which is very different from the other three dialects.",bib6821,no +1235-speakers-2,1235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4 dialects, 3 of which are very closely related. In Korat province, only the older people still speak the language. In Chaiyaphum province, there are still children who speak the language, but not nearly as many as there were 30 years ago in Nyah Kur village. There are perhaps a couple hundred Nyah Kur in Petchabun province, but that dialect is the one which is very different from the other three dialects.",bib6821,no +1235-speaker_number-3,1235,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1235-speakers-3,1235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1235-speaker_number-4,1235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by about 10,000 of the ethnic group, including a few children, especially in Chaiyaphum Province; but most of the young are semispeakers at best.",bib1214,yes +1235-speakers-4,1235,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by about 10,000 of the ethnic group, including a few children, especially in Chaiyaphum Province; but most of the young are semispeakers at best.",bib1214,yes 1235-speaker_number-5,1235,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1235-speakers-5,1235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1235-LEI-1,1235,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1235-vitality-1,1235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1235-LEI-2,1235,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6797,no -1235-transmission-2,1235,transmission,2,transmission-2,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6797,no -1235-speaker_number_trends-2,1235,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6797,no -1235-vitality-2,1235,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6797,no -1235-LEI-3,1235,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1235-vitality-3,1235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1235-LEI-4,1235,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1235-transmission-4,1235,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1205,yes -1235-speaker_number_trends-4,1235,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1235-vitality-4,1235,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +1235-LEI-2,1235,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6821,no +1235-transmission-2,1235,transmission,2,transmission-2,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6821,no +1235-speaker_number_trends-2,1235,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6821,no +1235-vitality-2,1235,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers of the language is definitely decreasing.,bib6821,no +1235-LEI-3,1235,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1235-vitality-3,1235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1235-LEI-4,1235,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1235-transmission-4,1235,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1214,yes +1235-speaker_number_trends-4,1235,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1235-vitality-4,1235,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 1235-LEI-5,1235,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1235-vitality-5,1235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1236-location-1,1236,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.35, 102.9666]]}",,,bib5307,no -1236-location-2,1236,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: northern Lai Chau Province; China: Yunnan Province, Jinping County, southern Mengla Township.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1236-location-1,1236,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.35, 102.9666]]}",,,bib5330,no +1236-location-2,1236,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: northern Lai Chau Province; China: Yunnan Province, Jinping County, southern Mengla Township.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1236-location-3,1236,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1236-speaker_number-1,1236,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1236-speakers-1,1236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1236-speakers-2,1236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,516"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,750""}",,"Group population 2,300 in Vietnam, 1,216 in China, but less than half are speakers.",bib1205,yes +1236-speaker_number-1,1236,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1236-speakers-1,1236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1236-speakers-2,1236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,516"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,750""}",,"Group population 2,300 in Vietnam, 1,216 in China, but less than half are speakers.",bib1214,yes 1236-speaker_number-3,1236,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1236-speakers-3,1236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,168"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1236-speaker_number-4,1236,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 2,660 speakers in Viet Nam (1999 census). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 1236-speakers-4,1236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,165"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 2,660 speakers in Viet Nam (1999 census). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no -1236-LEI-1,1236,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1236-vitality-1,1236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1236-LEI-2,1236,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1236-speaker_number_trends-2,1236,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1236-vitality-2,1236,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1236-LEI-1,1236,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1236-vitality-1,1236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1236-LEI-2,1236,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1236-speaker_number_trends-2,1236,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1236-vitality-2,1236,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1236-LEI-3,1236,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1236-vitality-3,1236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1236-LEI-4,1236,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1236-vitality-4,1236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1237-context-1,1237,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin""}",,bilingual in Bolyu and Southwestern Mandarin,bib4644,no -1237-location-1,1237,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4871, 105.216]]}",,,bib5307,no -1237-location-2,1237,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Guangxi Province, north central Longlin County""}",,,bib1205,yes -1237-location-3,1237,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Longlin (\u9686\u6797) and Xinlin (\u897f\u6797) counties in Guangxi (\u5ee3\u897f)""}",,,bib4644,no +1237-context-1,1237,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin""}",,bilingual in Bolyu and Southwestern Mandarin,bib4666,no +1237-location-1,1237,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4871, 105.216]]}",,,bib5330,no +1237-location-2,1237,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Guangxi Province, north central Longlin County""}",,,bib1214,yes +1237-location-3,1237,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Longlin (\u9686\u6797) and Xinlin (\u897f\u6797) counties in Guangxi (\u5ee3\u897f)""}",,,bib4666,no 1237-location-4,1237,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1237-speaker_number-1,1237,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1237-speakers-1,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1237-speaker_number-2,1237,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1237-speakers-2,1237,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,771"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes -1237-speaker_number-3,1237,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4644,no -1237-speakers-3,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4644,no +1237-speaker_number-1,1237,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1237-speakers-1,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1237-speaker_number-2,1237,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1237-speakers-2,1237,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,771"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes +1237-speaker_number-3,1237,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4666,no +1237-speakers-3,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4666,no 1237-speaker_number-4,1237,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1237-speakers-4,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1237-speaker_number-5,1237,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1237-speakers-5,1237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1237-LEI-1,1237,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1237-vitality-1,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1237-LEI-2,1237,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1237-speaker_number_trends-2,1237,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1237-vitality-2,1237,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -1237-LEI-3,1237,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4644,no -1237-vitality-3,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4644,no +1237-LEI-1,1237,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1237-vitality-1,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1237-LEI-2,1237,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1237-speaker_number_trends-2,1237,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1237-vitality-2,1237,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +1237-LEI-3,1237,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4666,no +1237-vitality-3,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4666,no 1237-LEI-4,1237,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1237-vitality-4,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1237-LEI-5,1237,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1237-vitality-5,1237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1238-context-1,1238,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,All the Bugan speak Bugan. Some middle-aged or older people can't understand Southwestern Mandarin. Illiterate children or teenagers don't understand Southwestern Mandarin well either.,bib4630,yes -1238-context-2,1238,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin""}",,bilingual in Bugan and Southwestern Mandarin,bib4644,no -1238-context-3,1238,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4629,no -1238-location-1,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province""}",,,bib4630,yes +1238-context-1,1238,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,All the Bugan speak Bugan. Some middle-aged or older people can't understand Southwestern Mandarin. Illiterate children or teenagers don't understand Southwestern Mandarin well either.,bib4652,yes +1238-context-2,1238,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin""}",,bilingual in Bugan and Southwestern Mandarin,bib4666,no +1238-context-3,1238,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4651,no +1238-location-1,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province""}",,,bib4652,yes 1238-location-2,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1238-location-3,1238,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7447, 105.2235]]}",,,bib5307,no -1238-location-4,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""south Guangnan (\u5ee3\u5357), and north Xichou (\u897f\u7587) of Yunnan (\u96f2\u5357).""}",,,bib4644,no -1238-location-5,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Yunnan, south Guangnan and north Xichou counties""}",,,bib1205,no -1238-location-6,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Yunnan Province, Wenshan Prefecture, Guangnan \u5e7f\u5357 and Xichou \u897f\u7574 counties in seven villages: Laowalong \u8001\u6316\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075lu\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Xinwalong \u65b0\u6316\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075tsu\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Jiuping \u4e5d\u5e73 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075tsia\u014b\u00b3\u00b9], Shibeipo \u77f3\u5317\u5761 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075\u0255e\u00b9\u00b3], Xinzhai \u65b0\u5be8 [li\u00b3\u00b9la\u0320\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Malong \u9a6c\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075\u0263u\u00b3\u00b9], and Nala \u90a3\u5566\u3002"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.045941, 105.054981], [23.437782, 104.672597]]}",,"The Han and the Bugan live together in the villages Jiuping, Xinzhai, and Nala.",bib4629,no -1238-speaker_number-1,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4630,yes -1238-speakers-1,1238,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4630,yes +1238-location-3,1238,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7447, 105.2235]]}",,,bib5330,no +1238-location-4,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""south Guangnan (\u5ee3\u5357), and north Xichou (\u897f\u7587) of Yunnan (\u96f2\u5357).""}",,,bib4666,no +1238-location-5,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Yunnan, south Guangnan and north Xichou counties""}",,,bib1214,no +1238-location-6,1238,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Yunnan Province, Wenshan Prefecture, Guangnan \u5e7f\u5357 and Xichou \u897f\u7574 counties in seven villages: Laowalong \u8001\u6316\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075lu\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Xinwalong \u65b0\u6316\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075tsu\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Jiuping \u4e5d\u5e73 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075tsia\u014b\u00b3\u00b9], Shibeipo \u77f3\u5317\u5761 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075\u0255e\u00b9\u00b3], Xinzhai \u65b0\u5be8 [li\u00b3\u00b9la\u0320\u014b\u00b9\u00b3], Malong \u9a6c\u9f99 [p\u0259\u2075\u2075\u0263u\u00b3\u00b9], and Nala \u90a3\u5566\u3002"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.045941, 105.054981], [23.437782, 104.672597]]}",,"The Han and the Bugan live together in the villages Jiuping, Xinzhai, and Nala.",bib4651,no +1238-speaker_number-1,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4652,yes +1238-speakers-1,1238,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4652,yes 1238-speaker_number-2,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Jinfang (2002).,bib67,no 1238-speakers-2,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Jinfang (2002).,bib67,no -1238-speaker_number-3,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1238-speakers-3,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1238-speaker_number-4,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4644,no -1238-speakers-4,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4644,no -1238-speaker_number-5,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Recently located language, seven villages with a group population of 3,000.",bib1205,no -1238-speakers-5,1238,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Recently located language, seven villages with a group population of 3,000.",bib1205,no +1238-speaker_number-3,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1238-speakers-3,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1238-speaker_number-4,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4666,no +1238-speakers-4,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4666,no +1238-speaker_number-5,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Recently located language, seven villages with a group population of 3,000.",bib1214,no +1238-speakers-5,1238,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Recently located language, seven villages with a group population of 3,000.",bib1214,no 1238-speaker_number-6,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1238-speakers-6,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1238-speaker_number-7,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4629,no -1238-speakers-7,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4629,no -1238-LEI-1,1238,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4630,yes -1238-transmission-1,1238,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4630,yes -1238-domains_of_use-1,1238,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4630,yes -1238-speaker_number_trends-1,1238,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4630,yes -1238-vitality-1,1238,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4630,yes +1238-speaker_number-7,1238,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4651,no +1238-speakers-7,1238,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4651,no +1238-LEI-1,1238,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4652,yes +1238-transmission-1,1238,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4652,yes +1238-domains_of_use-1,1238,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4652,yes +1238-speaker_number_trends-1,1238,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4652,yes +1238-vitality-1,1238,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4652,yes 1238-LEI-2,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1238-vitality-2,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1238-LEI-3,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1238-vitality-3,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1238-LEI-4,1238,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4644,no -1238-transmission-4,1238,transmission,0,transmission-0,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4644,no -1238-vitality-4,1238,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4644,no -1238-LEI-5,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1238-vitality-5,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +1238-LEI-3,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1238-vitality-3,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1238-LEI-4,1238,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4666,no +1238-transmission-4,1238,transmission,0,transmission-0,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4666,no +1238-vitality-4,1238,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children speak only Bugan before schooling.,bib4666,no +1238-LEI-5,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1238-vitality-5,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 1238-LEI-6,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1238-vitality-6,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1238-LEI-7,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4629,no -1238-vitality-7,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4629,no -1239-location-1,1239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.1254, 101.4697]]}",,,bib5307,no -1239-location-2,1239,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and China""], ""Description"": ""Laos: one small area in northeastern Luang Namtha Province and one in south central Phongsaly Province; also an even smaller cluster in southeastern Mengla County of Yunnan in China.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1238-LEI-7,1238,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4651,no +1238-vitality-7,1238,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4651,no +1239-location-1,1239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.1254, 101.4697]]}",,,bib5330,no +1239-location-2,1239,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and China""], ""Description"": ""Laos: one small area in northeastern Luang Namtha Province and one in south central Phongsaly Province; also an even smaller cluster in southeastern Mengla County of Yunnan in China.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1239-location-3,1239,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no -1239-speaker_number-1,1239,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1239-speakers-1,1239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,232"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1239-speaker_number-2,1239,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Group total population 1,732 in Laos and about 500 more in China.",bib1205,yes -1239-speakers-2,1239,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,232"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Group total population 1,732 in Laos and about 500 more in China.",bib1205,yes +1239-speaker_number-1,1239,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1239-speakers-1,1239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,232"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1239-speaker_number-2,1239,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Group total population 1,732 in Laos and about 500 more in China.",bib1214,yes +1239-speakers-2,1239,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,232"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Group total population 1,732 in Laos and about 500 more in China.",bib1214,yes 1239-speaker_number-3,1239,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1239-speakers-3,1239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1239-speaker_number-4,1239,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 1,530 speakers in Laos (1985 F. Proschan).",bib67,no 1239-speakers-4,1239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 1,530 speakers in Laos (1985 F. Proschan).",bib67,no -1239-LEI-1,1239,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1239-vitality-1,1239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1239-LEI-2,1239,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1239-speaker_number_trends-2,1239,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1239-vitality-2,1239,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1239-LEI-1,1239,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1239-vitality-1,1239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1239-LEI-2,1239,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1239-speaker_number_trends-2,1239,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1239-vitality-2,1239,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1239-LEI-3,1239,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1239-vitality-3,1239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1239-LEI-4,1239,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1239-vitality-4,1239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1240-context-2,1240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nothern Thai; Standard Thai; White Hmong; Mien dialects"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Educated people learn Standard Thai in school.,bib1370,yes +1240-context-2,1240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nothern Thai; Standard Thai; White Hmong; Mien dialects"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Educated people learn Standard Thai in school.,bib1382,yes 1240-location-1,1240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.5, 101.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1240-location-2,1240,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1240-location-3,1240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.4796, 101.0961]]}",,,bib5307,no -1240-location-4,1240,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Laos: western Saignabouri Province; Thailand: northeastern Nan Province.""}",,,bib1205,no -1240-location-5,1240,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""5 villages in Nan and Phrae provinces of Thailand; Sayabouli Province of Laos.""}",,"Most ethnic Mlabri live in northern Thailand, and some live in Laos.",bib1370,yes +1240-location-3,1240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.4796, 101.0961]]}",,,bib5330,no +1240-location-4,1240,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Laos: western Saignabouri Province; Thailand: northeastern Nan Province.""}",,,bib1214,no +1240-location-5,1240,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""5 villages in Nan and Phrae provinces of Thailand; Sayabouli Province of Laos.""}",,"Most ethnic Mlabri live in northern Thailand, and some live in Laos.",bib1382,yes 1240-speaker_number-1,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 in Thailand (E. Long 1982).,bib67,no 1240-speakers-1,1240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""324"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 in Thailand (E. Long 1982).,bib67,no -1240-speaker_number-2,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1240-speakers-2,1240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1240-speaker_number-3,1240,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A group of about 150 speakers, disrupted by conflict along the Thai/Lao border where they lived. Some have now settled down; and are assimilating into nearby Hmong/Meo and Thai/Lao groups. Only about 100 still speak the language, with two lexically-distinct dialects, one much more endangered than the other, and some extinct dialects.",bib1205,no -1240-speakers-3,1240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A group of about 150 speakers, disrupted by conflict along the Thai/Lao border where they lived. Some have now settled down; and are assimilating into nearby Hmong/Meo and Thai/Lao groups. Only about 100 still speak the language, with two lexically-distinct dialects, one much more endangered than the other, and some extinct dialects.",bib1205,no +1240-speaker_number-2,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1240-speakers-2,1240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1240-speaker_number-3,1240,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A group of about 150 speakers, disrupted by conflict along the Thai/Lao border where they lived. Some have now settled down; and are assimilating into nearby Hmong/Meo and Thai/Lao groups. Only about 100 still speak the language, with two lexically-distinct dialects, one much more endangered than the other, and some extinct dialects.",bib1214,no +1240-speakers-3,1240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A group of about 150 speakers, disrupted by conflict along the Thai/Lao border where they lived. Some have now settled down; and are assimilating into nearby Hmong/Meo and Thai/Lao groups. Only about 100 still speak the language, with two lexically-distinct dialects, one much more endangered than the other, and some extinct dialects.",bib1214,no 1240-speaker_number-4,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1240-speakers-4,1240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""324"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1240-speaker_number-5,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,migration from Laos to Thailand in the second half of the 20th century,bib1370,yes -1240-speakers-5,1240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,migration from Laos to Thailand in the second half of the 20th century,bib1370,yes +1240-speaker_number-5,1240,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,migration from Laos to Thailand in the second half of the 20th century,bib1382,yes +1240-speakers-5,1240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,migration from Laos to Thailand in the second half of the 20th century,bib1382,yes 1240-LEI-1,1240,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1240-vitality-1,1240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1240-LEI-2,1240,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1240-vitality-2,1240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1240-LEI-3,1240,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1240-speaker_number_trends-3,1240,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,no -1240-vitality-3,1240,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +1240-LEI-2,1240,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1240-vitality-2,1240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1240-LEI-3,1240,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1240-speaker_number_trends-3,1240,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,no +1240-vitality-3,1240,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 1240-LEI-4,1240,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1240-vitality-4,1240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1240-LEI-5,1240,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1370,yes -1240-transmission-5,1240,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1370,yes -1240-domains_of_use-5,1240,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1370,yes -1240-speaker_number_trends-5,1240,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1370,yes -1240-vitality-5,1240,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1370,yes -1242-context-1,1242,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All are bilingual in Northern Thai, with most also having knowledge of Central Thai.",bib1205,yes -1242-location-1,1242,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.4483, 98.1848]]}",,,bib5307,no -1242-location-2,1242,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Mae Sariang and Hot districts of southwestern Chiangmai Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1240-LEI-5,1240,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1382,yes +1240-transmission-5,1240,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1382,yes +1240-domains_of_use-5,1240,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1382,yes +1240-speaker_number_trends-5,1240,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1382,yes +1240-vitality-5,1240,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The Mlabri marry other Mlbari and speak the language to their children. But their society is changing very rapidly (from hunting-gathering to farming) which might affect the survival of the Mlabri languages given their low population.,bib1382,yes +1242-context-1,1242,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All are bilingual in Northern Thai, with most also having knowledge of Central Thai.",bib1214,yes +1242-location-1,1242,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.4483, 98.1848]]}",,,bib5330,no +1242-location-2,1242,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Mae Sariang and Hot districts of southwestern Chiangmai Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1242-location-3,1242,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1242-speaker_number-1,1242,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1242-speakers-1,1242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1242-speaker_number-2,1242,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Roughly 20,000 group members, but many do not speak the language.",bib1205,yes -1242-speakers-2,1242,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Roughly 20,000 group members, but many do not speak the language.",bib1205,yes +1242-speaker_number-1,1242,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1242-speakers-1,1242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1242-speaker_number-2,1242,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Roughly 20,000 group members, but many do not speak the language.",bib1214,yes +1242-speakers-2,1242,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Roughly 20,000 group members, but many do not speak the language.",bib1214,yes 1242-speaker_number-3,1242,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1242-speakers-3,1242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1242-speaker_number-4,1242,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Nahhas (2007).,bib67,no 1242-speakers-4,1242,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Nahhas (2007).,bib67,no -1242-LEI-1,1242,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1242-vitality-1,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1242-LEI-2,1242,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1242-vitality-2,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1242-LEI-1,1242,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1242-vitality-1,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1242-LEI-2,1242,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1242-vitality-2,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1242-LEI-3,1242,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1242-vitality-3,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1242-LEI-4,1242,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1242-vitality-4,1242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1244-location-1,1244,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.192, 97.3937]]}",,,bib5307,no -1244-location-2,1244,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Shan State, to the northwest of Inle Lake.""}",,"Three villages: Taungpawhla just northwest of Inle Lake, Esaya on the road from the lake north to Taunggyi, and Kunpawagyi further west, also a few families in other villages such as Nyaungkun near Heho further west.",bib1205,yes +1244-location-1,1244,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.192, 97.3937]]}",,,bib5330,no +1244-location-2,1244,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Shan State, to the northwest of Inle Lake.""}",,"Three villages: Taungpawhla just northwest of Inle Lake, Esaya on the road from the lake north to Taunggyi, and Kunpawagyi further west, also a few families in other villages such as Nyaungkun near Heho further west.",bib1214,yes 1244-location-3,1244,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""]}",,,bib67,no -1244-speaker_number-1,1244,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1244-speakers-1,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1244-speaker_number-2,1244,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Reported as moribund forty years ago, but still spoken by a few thousand.",bib1205,yes -1244-speakers-2,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Reported as moribund forty years ago, but still spoken by a few thousand.",bib1205,yes +1244-speaker_number-1,1244,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1244-speakers-1,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1244-speaker_number-2,1244,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Reported as moribund forty years ago, but still spoken by a few thousand.",bib1214,yes +1244-speakers-2,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Reported as moribund forty years ago, but still spoken by a few thousand.",bib1214,yes 1244-speaker_number-3,1244,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1244-speakers-3,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1244-speaker_number-4,1244,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1244-speakers-4,1244,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1244-LEI-1,1244,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1244-vitality-1,1244,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1244-LEI-2,1244,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1205,yes -1244-transmission-2,1244,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1205,yes -1244-speaker_number_trends-2,1244,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1205,yes -1244-vitality-2,1244,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1205,yes +1244-LEI-1,1244,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1244-vitality-1,1244,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1244-LEI-2,1244,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1214,yes +1244-transmission-2,1244,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1214,yes +1244-speaker_number_trends-2,1244,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1214,yes +1244-vitality-2,1244,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Surrounded, influenced and being replaced by various Tibeto-Burman languages.",bib1214,yes 1244-LEI-3,1244,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1244-vitality-3,1244,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1244-LEI-4,1244,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1244-vitality-4,1244,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1245-context-1,1245,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tai Lue; Burmese; Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Burmese is the language for education and official domains so people attending school are able to use Burmese. For those who live in the Chinese border, they have exposure to Chinese. Tai Lue is the Tai-Kadai language that most Tai Loi speakers use as the second language. Tai Loi has long be in close contact with Tai Lue.",bib3243,yes -1245-location-1,1245,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""Laos"", ""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.427, 100.747], [21.733, 99.766], [20.73, 101.419], [21.515, 100.221]]}",,,bib5307,no -1245-location-2,1245,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of Tai Loi live primarily in the eastern part of Shan state of Myanmar, especially in Mong Yawng Township. Some live close to Mong Yawng or near the Chinese border."", ""Coordinates"": [[21.178, 100.356]]}",,"The data used in this thesis is gathered in Wan Fai village (Shan State, Myanmar) which is very close to China.",bib3243,yes +1245-context-1,1245,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tai Lue; Burmese; Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Burmese is the language for education and official domains so people attending school are able to use Burmese. For those who live in the Chinese border, they have exposure to Chinese. Tai Lue is the Tai-Kadai language that most Tai Loi speakers use as the second language. Tai Loi has long be in close contact with Tai Lue.",bib3259,yes +1245-location-1,1245,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""Laos"", ""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.427, 100.747], [21.733, 99.766], [20.73, 101.419], [21.515, 100.221]]}",,,bib5330,no +1245-location-2,1245,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of Tai Loi live primarily in the eastern part of Shan state of Myanmar, especially in Mong Yawng Township. Some live close to Mong Yawng or near the Chinese border."", ""Coordinates"": [[21.178, 100.356]]}",,"The data used in this thesis is gathered in Wan Fai village (Shan State, Myanmar) which is very close to China.",bib3259,yes 1245-location-3,1245,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""Laos"", ""China"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1245-speaker_number-1,1245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1245-speakers-1,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,700 (including Tai Loi, Mok and Samtao)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1245-speaker_number-2,1245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The speaker number cited in this thesis is based on Hopple (2007, unpublished)",bib3243,yes -1245-speakers-2,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,460 (in Myanmar and China)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The speaker number cited in this thesis is based on Hopple (2007, unpublished)",bib3243,yes +1245-speaker_number-1,1245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1245-speakers-1,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,700 (including Tai Loi, Mok and Samtao)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1245-speaker_number-2,1245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The speaker number cited in this thesis is based on Hopple (2007, unpublished)",bib3259,yes +1245-speakers-2,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,460 (in Myanmar and China)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The speaker number cited in this thesis is based on Hopple (2007, unpublished)",bib3259,yes 1245-speaker_number-3,1245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1245-speakers-3,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,932"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1245-speaker_number-4,1245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,460 in Myanmar (2008).",bib67,no 1245-speakers-4,1245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,460 in Myanmar (2008).",bib67,no -1245-LEI-1,1245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1245-vitality-1,1245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1245-LEI-2,1245,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3243,yes -1245-transmission-2,1245,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3243,yes -1245-domains_of_use-2,1245,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3243,yes -1245-speaker_number_trends-2,1245,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3243,yes -1245-vitality-2,1245,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3243,yes +1245-LEI-1,1245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1245-vitality-1,1245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1245-LEI-2,1245,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3259,yes +1245-transmission-2,1245,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3259,yes +1245-domains_of_use-2,1245,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3259,yes +1245-speaker_number_trends-2,1245,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3259,yes +1245-vitality-2,1245,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3259,yes 1245-LEI-3,1245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1245-vitality-3,1245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1245-LEI-4,1245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1245-vitality-4,1245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1246-context-1,1246,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains"", ""school"", ""religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In Bangladesh, the Bishnupriya use Bishnupriya within their villages on a daily basis whereas Bangla is used for education and for religion (Bangla and Bishnupriya are both used in the domain of religion). In Assam state (India), Bishnupriya is being taught in government primary schools.",bib4169,yes -1246-location-1,1246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.297, 92.4499]]}",,,bib5307,no -1246-location-2,1246,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bangladesh"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""\""Currently, Bishnupriya is spoken in Manipur, Tripura, and Assam states in India, in some parts of Myanmar, and in Sylhet division in Bangladesh. There are only a small number of Bishnupriya remaining in Manipur state (in the Jiribam subdistrict) since most Bishnupriya fled Manipur to neighboring lands and countries in the eighteenth century. For those who remained, it was difficult to keep and promote their mother tongue due to the dominant influence of the Meitei people, culture, and language.\"" (p. 11)""}",,,bib4169,yes +1246-context-1,1246,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains"", ""school"", ""religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In Bangladesh, the Bishnupriya use Bishnupriya within their villages on a daily basis whereas Bangla is used for education and for religion (Bangla and Bishnupriya are both used in the domain of religion). In Assam state (India), Bishnupriya is being taught in government primary schools.",bib4189,yes +1246-location-1,1246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.297, 92.4499]]}",,,bib5330,no +1246-location-2,1246,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bangladesh"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""\""Currently, Bishnupriya is spoken in Manipur, Tripura, and Assam states in India, in some parts of Myanmar, and in Sylhet division in Bangladesh. There are only a small number of Bishnupriya remaining in Manipur state (in the Jiribam subdistrict) since most Bishnupriya fled Manipur to neighboring lands and countries in the eighteenth century. For those who remained, it was difficult to keep and promote their mother tongue due to the dominant influence of the Meitei people, culture, and language.\"" (p. 11)""}",,,bib4189,yes 1246-location-3,1246,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bangladesh""]}",,,bib67,no -1246-speaker_number-1,1246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1246-speakers-1,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""72,899"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1246-speaker_number-2,1246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7525,no -1246-speakers-2,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7525,no +1246-speaker_number-1,1246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1246-speakers-1,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""72,899"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1246-speaker_number-2,1246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7550,no +1246-speakers-2,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7550,no 1246-speaker_number-3,1246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1246-speakers-3,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1246-speaker_number-4,1246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 75,000 speakers in India (1997).",bib67,no 1246-speakers-4,1246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 75,000 speakers in India (1997).",bib67,no -1246-LEI-1,1246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1246-vitality-1,1246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1246-LEI-2,1246,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4169,yes -1246-transmission-2,1246,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4169,yes -1246-domains_of_use-2,1246,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4169,yes -1246-speaker_number_trends-2,1246,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4169,yes -1246-vitality-2,1246,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4169,yes -1246-LEI-3,1246,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -1246-transmission-3,1246,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7525,no -1246-vitality-3,1246,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7525,no +1246-LEI-1,1246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1246-vitality-1,1246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1246-LEI-2,1246,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4189,yes +1246-transmission-2,1246,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4189,yes +1246-domains_of_use-2,1246,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4189,yes +1246-speaker_number_trends-2,1246,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4189,yes +1246-vitality-2,1246,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""As nearly all Bishnupriya children attend Bangla-medium schools, the current trend appears to be that Bangla will become increasingly prevalent and important in their daily lives. Although Bishnupriya is reportedly being used fluently by children today, it is very possible that as they become more fluent in Bangla, that will be less apt to use Bishnupriya widely [...] While Bishnupriya speakers concede the need for Bangla, they also demonstrate a pride in their own language."" (p. 12-13)",bib4189,yes +1246-LEI-3,1246,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +1246-transmission-3,1246,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7550,no +1246-vitality-3,1246,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7550,no 1246-LEI-4,1246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1246-vitality-4,1246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1246-LEI-5,1246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1246-vitality-5,1246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1247-location-1,1247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1743, 100.9264]]}",,,bib5307,no -1247-location-2,1247,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, Shuangjiang County, Shahe Township""}",,"Classified as Bulang nationality, but far from the main concentration of Bulang in Menghai County on the Burmese border further south.",bib1205,yes -1247-location-3,1247,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mengyang Township, Jinghong City, Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u52d0\u990a\u93ae)""}",,,bib4644,no +1247-location-1,1247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1743, 100.9264]]}",,,bib5330,no +1247-location-2,1247,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, Shuangjiang County, Shahe Township""}",,"Classified as Bulang nationality, but far from the main concentration of Bulang in Menghai County on the Burmese border further south.",bib1214,yes +1247-location-3,1247,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Mengyang Township, Jinghong City, Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u52d0\u990a\u93ae)""}",,,bib4666,no 1247-location-4,1247,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1247-speaker_number-1,1247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1247-speakers-1,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1247-speaker_number-2,1247,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 700 speakers in two villages with about 1,400 people.",bib1205,yes -1247-speakers-2,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 700 speakers in two villages with about 1,400 people.",bib1205,yes -1247-speaker_number-3,1247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4644,no -1247-speakers-3,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4644,no +1247-speaker_number-1,1247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1247-speakers-1,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1247-speaker_number-2,1247,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 700 speakers in two villages with about 1,400 people.",bib1214,yes +1247-speakers-2,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 700 speakers in two villages with about 1,400 people.",bib1214,yes +1247-speaker_number-3,1247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4666,no +1247-speakers-3,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4666,no 1247-speaker_number-4,1247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1247-speakers-4,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1247-speaker_number-5,1247,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1247-speakers-5,1247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (LI Jinfang)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1247-LEI-1,1247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1247-vitality-1,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1247-LEI-2,1247,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1247-speaker_number_trends-2,1247,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1247-vitality-2,1247,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -1247-LEI-3,1247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4644,no -1247-vitality-3,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4644,no +1247-LEI-1,1247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1247-vitality-1,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1247-LEI-2,1247,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1247-speaker_number_trends-2,1247,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1247-vitality-2,1247,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +1247-LEI-3,1247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4666,no +1247-vitality-3,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4666,no 1247-LEI-4,1247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1247-vitality-4,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1247-LEI-5,1247,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1247-vitality-5,1247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1248-context-1,1248,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer; Jarai; Tampuan; Kreung; Kavet; Brao; Lao"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,Men are more likely to be able to speak neighboring languages than women.,bib4837,yes -1248-location-1,1248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.934, 107.4222]]}",,,bib5307,no -1248-location-2,1248,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Virochey Province""}",,,bib1205,no -1248-location-3,1248,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""the Andoung Meas (\u17a2\u178e\u17bc\u1784\u1798\u179f) district and the Veun Sai (\u179c\u1793\u17c2\u179f\u17ba ) district""}",,"""All Kachok villages are situated in the Andoung Meas (អណូងមស) district relatively close to one another, with the exception of Kaoh Peak village that is in the Veun Sai (វនែសឺ ) district."" (p.11)",bib4837,yes +1248-context-1,1248,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer; Jarai; Tampuan; Kreung; Kavet; Brao; Lao"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,Men are more likely to be able to speak neighboring languages than women.,bib4859,yes +1248-location-1,1248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.934, 107.4222]]}",,,bib5330,no +1248-location-2,1248,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Virochey Province""}",,,bib1214,no +1248-location-3,1248,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""the Andoung Meas (\u17a2\u178e\u17bc\u1784\u1798\u179f) district and the Veun Sai (\u179c\u1793\u17c2\u179f\u17ba ) district""}",,"""All Kachok villages are situated in the Andoung Meas (អណូងមស) district relatively close to one another, with the exception of Kaoh Peak village that is in the Veun Sai (វនែសឺ ) district."" (p.11)",bib4859,yes 1248-location-4,1248,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,no -1248-speaker_number-1,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1248-speakers-1,1248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1248-speaker_number-2,1248,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 1,000 group members located by Gerard Diffloth; formerly misidentified as Lamam, a clan name among this and some surrounding groups.",bib1205,no -1248-speakers-2,1248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 1,000 group members located by Gerard Diffloth; formerly misidentified as Lamam, a clan name among this and some surrounding groups.",bib1205,no -1248-speaker_number-3,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4837,yes -1248-speakers-3,1248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,365"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,365"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4837,yes +1248-speaker_number-1,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1248-speakers-1,1248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1248-speaker_number-2,1248,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 1,000 group members located by Gerard Diffloth; formerly misidentified as Lamam, a clan name among this and some surrounding groups.",bib1214,no +1248-speakers-2,1248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 1,000 group members located by Gerard Diffloth; formerly misidentified as Lamam, a clan name among this and some surrounding groups.",bib1214,no +1248-speaker_number-3,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4859,yes +1248-speakers-3,1248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,365"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,365"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4859,yes 1248-speaker_number-4,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1248-speakers-4,1248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1248-speaker_number-5,1248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1248-speakers-5,1248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1248-LEI-1,1248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1248-vitality-1,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1248-LEI-2,1248,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1248-vitality-2,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -1248-LEI-3,1248,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4837,yes -1248-transmission-3,1248,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4837,yes -1248-domains_of_use-3,1248,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4837,yes -1248-speaker_number_trends-3,1248,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4837,yes -1248-vitality-3,1248,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4837,yes +1248-LEI-1,1248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1248-vitality-1,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1248-LEI-2,1248,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1248-vitality-2,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +1248-LEI-3,1248,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4859,yes +1248-transmission-3,1248,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4859,yes +1248-domains_of_use-3,1248,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4859,yes +1248-speaker_number_trends-3,1248,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4859,yes +1248-vitality-3,1248,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4859,yes 1248-LEI-4,1248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1248-vitality-4,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1248-LEI-5,1248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1248-vitality-5,1248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1249-location-1,1249,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Burma""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.06, 93.93]]}",,,bib75,no -1249-location-2,1249,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Manipur state.""}",,,bib7525,yes +1249-location-2,1249,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Manipur state.""}",,,bib7550,yes 1249-location-3,1249,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar, India""], ""Description"": ""Primarily Chin state: Tonzang, Hakha, and Teddim townships; Sagaing Division: Kalay, Khampat, and Tamu townships (Myanmar); Manipur, Chandel District, Singngat Subdivision, Sugnu area; Churachandpur District; Assam (India)""}",,,bib67,no -1249-speaker_number-1,1249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -1249-speakers-1,1249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes +1249-speaker_number-1,1249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +1249-speakers-1,1249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes 1249-speaker_number-2,1249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 in Myanmar, 20,600 in India Data on India speaker number: (2001 census)",bib67,no 1249-speakers-2,1249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 in Myanmar, 20,600 in India Data on India speaker number: (2001 census)",bib67,no -1249-LEI-2,1249,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1249-vitality-2,1249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes +1249-LEI-2,1249,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1249-vitality-2,1249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes 1249-LEI-3,1249,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1249-vitality-3,1249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -125-context-1,125,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Hawai\u02bbi Creole English (\""Pidgin\"")"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language of Hawai\u02bbi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A stigma persisted in the 20th century in which government and society looked down upon the Hawaiian language, its speakers, its value, and its contribution to Hawai\u2018i\u2019s unique culture. The result was the decimation of Hawaiian speaking communities coupled with low self esteem among Hawaiian speakers and the end of the transmittal of cultural and esoteric knowledge embedded in the language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Numerous language immersion programs"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,,bib5472,yes -125-context-2,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pidgin""}",,,bib3956,no +125-context-1,125,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Hawai\u02bbi Creole English (\""Pidgin\"")"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language of Hawai\u02bbi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A stigma persisted in the 20th century in which government and society looked down upon the Hawaiian language, its speakers, its value, and its contribution to Hawai\u2018i\u2019s unique culture. The result was the decimation of Hawaiian speaking communities coupled with low self esteem among Hawaiian speakers and the end of the transmittal of cultural and esoteric knowledge embedded in the language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Numerous language immersion programs"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,,bib5495,yes +125-context-2,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pidgin""}",,,bib3976,no 125-context-3,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pidgin, English""}",,,bib1,no -125-context-4,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pidgin""}",,"A considerable number of young speakers are being trained in the language through immersion courses. There are elderly speakers in addition to these young speakers, but relatively few middle-aged speakers, which results in a lack of communication situations for active language use.",bib7937,no -125-context-5,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Hawai\u02bbi Creole English (\""Pidgin\"")"", ""Government Support"": ""Co-official language of State of Hawaii (with English)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Numerous language immersion programs; support from University of Hawaii system"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,"In 1978, the US-backed State of Hawai‘i convened a constitutional convention in which its constitution was amended to designate both Hawaiian and English as the official languages of that government entity. However, although there have been some significant gains in support since 1978, this endorsement has largely carried little meaning.",bib5473,no -125-location-1,125,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""There no longer exists a Kaua\u2018i native speaker community, but Ni\u2018ihau still has a viable, albeit fragile, native speaker community."", ""Coordinates"": [[21.894103, -160.161856]]}",,,bib5472,yes +125-context-4,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pidgin""}",,"A considerable number of young speakers are being trained in the language through immersion courses. There are elderly speakers in addition to these young speakers, but relatively few middle-aged speakers, which results in a lack of communication situations for active language use.",bib7962,no +125-context-5,125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Hawai\u02bbi Creole English (\""Pidgin\"")"", ""Government Support"": ""Co-official language of State of Hawaii (with English)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Numerous language immersion programs; support from University of Hawaii system"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,"In 1978, the US-backed State of Hawai‘i convened a constitutional convention in which its constitution was amended to designate both Hawaiian and English as the official languages of that government entity. However, although there have been some significant gains in support since 1978, this endorsement has largely carried little meaning.",bib5496,no +125-location-1,125,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""There no longer exists a Kaua\u2018i native speaker community, but Ni\u2018ihau still has a viable, albeit fragile, native speaker community."", ""Coordinates"": [[21.894103, -160.161856]]}",,,bib5495,yes 125-location-2,125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.5833333333, -155.5], [19.7333, -155.1]]}",,,bib216,no 125-location-3,125,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawai'i""]}",,,bib67,no -125-location-4,125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.9226, -160.1147]]}",,,bib1709,no -125-location-5,125,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Hawai'i""]}",,,bib4021,no -125-location-6,125,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawaiian Islands""]}",,,bib7937,no -125-location-7,125,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawaii, particularly Ni\u02bbihau and Kauai.""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.894103, -160.161856]]}",,"Privately owned Ni‘ihau Island is the only place left in the Hawaiian Islands today where, owing to restricted access to non-residents and the tight-knit, rural lifestyle of residents, a small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains. Hawaiian-speaking families who are relatives of those living on Ni‘ihau live primarily on the west side of neighboring Kaua‘i Island.",bib5473,no -125-speaker_number-1,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains... possibly numbering just over 300 in total – inclusive of those residing on Ni‘ihau and Kaua‘i... by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... the average proficiency level of L2s is at the lower end of the spectrum and therefore L2s in general are not as competent or fluent in the language as L1s.",bib5472,yes -125-speakers-1,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,000-3,000""}",,"A small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains... possibly numbering just over 300 in total – inclusive of those residing on Ni‘ihau and Kaua‘i... by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... the average proficiency level of L2s is at the lower end of the spectrum and therefore L2s in general are not as competent or fluent in the language as L1s.",bib5472,yes +125-location-4,125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.9226, -160.1147]]}",,,bib1721,no +125-location-5,125,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Hawai'i""]}",,,bib4041,no +125-location-6,125,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawaiian Islands""]}",,,bib7962,no +125-location-7,125,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawaii, particularly Ni\u02bbihau and Kauai.""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.894103, -160.161856]]}",,"Privately owned Ni‘ihau Island is the only place left in the Hawaiian Islands today where, owing to restricted access to non-residents and the tight-knit, rural lifestyle of residents, a small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains. Hawaiian-speaking families who are relatives of those living on Ni‘ihau live primarily on the west side of neighboring Kaua‘i Island.",bib5496,no +125-speaker_number-1,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains... possibly numbering just over 300 in total – inclusive of those residing on Ni‘ihau and Kaua‘i... by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... the average proficiency level of L2s is at the lower end of the spectrum and therefore L2s in general are not as competent or fluent in the language as L1s.",bib5495,yes +125-speakers-1,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,000-3,000""}",,"A small community of native speakers of Hawaiian remains... possibly numbering just over 300 in total – inclusive of those residing on Ni‘ihau and Kaua‘i... by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... the average proficiency level of L2s is at the lower end of the spectrum and therefore L2s in general are not as competent or fluent in the language as L1s.",bib5495,yes 125-speaker_number-2,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,000. 500 with Ni’ihau Island connections, another 500 in their 70s or 80s (1995 L. Wong). 8,000 can speak and understand it (1993 K. Haugen). In 1900 there were 37,000 L1 speakers (1995 Honolulu Advertiser). Census (2000) lists 27,160. Ethnic population: 237,128 in Hawaii (1996 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), 18.8%% of the population (1990 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), and 99,269 ethnic Hawaiians on the USA mainland (1990 census), including 24,245 in California. Ethnic Hawaiians include 8,244 pure Hawaiian, 72,809 between 50%% and 99%% Hawaiian, 127,523 less than 50%% Hawaiian in Hawaii (1984 Office of Hawaiian Affairs). In 1778 there were believed to have been more than 500,000 pure Hawaiians (1995 W. Harada). 2,000 (Wurm 2007). 500 with Ni’ihau Island connections, another 500 in their 70s or 80s (1995 L. Wong). 8,000 can speak and understand it (1993 K. Haugen). In 1900 there were 37,000 L1 speakers (1995 Honolulu Advertiser). 2000 census lists 27,200. Ethnic population: 336,000. 237,000 in Hawaii (1996 Hawaii State Department of Health), 19% of the population (1990 Hawaii State Department of Health), and 99,000 ethnic Hawaiians on the United States mainland (1990 census), including 24,300 in California. Ethnic Hawaiians include 8,300 pure Hawaiian, 72,800 between 50% and 99% Hawaiian, 127,500 fewer than 50% Hawaiian in Hawaii (1984 Office of Hawaiian Affairs). In 1778 there were believed to have been more than 500,000 pure Hawaiians (1995 W. Harada). (2013.)",bib67,no 125-speakers-2,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,000. 500 with Ni’ihau Island connections, another 500 in their 70s or 80s (1995 L. Wong). 8,000 can speak and understand it (1993 K. Haugen). In 1900 there were 37,000 L1 speakers (1995 Honolulu Advertiser). Census (2000) lists 27,160. Ethnic population: 237,128 in Hawaii (1996 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), 18.8%% of the population (1990 Hawaii State Dept. of Health), and 99,269 ethnic Hawaiians on the USA mainland (1990 census), including 24,245 in California. Ethnic Hawaiians include 8,244 pure Hawaiian, 72,809 between 50%% and 99%% Hawaiian, 127,523 less than 50%% Hawaiian in Hawaii (1984 Office of Hawaiian Affairs). In 1778 there were believed to have been more than 500,000 pure Hawaiians (1995 W. Harada). 2,000 (Wurm 2007). 500 with Ni’ihau Island connections, another 500 in their 70s or 80s (1995 L. Wong). 8,000 can speak and understand it (1993 K. Haugen). In 1900 there were 37,000 L1 speakers (1995 Honolulu Advertiser). 2000 census lists 27,200. Ethnic population: 336,000. 237,000 in Hawaii (1996 Hawaii State Department of Health), 19% of the population (1990 Hawaii State Department of Health), and 99,000 ethnic Hawaiians on the United States mainland (1990 census), including 24,300 in California. Ethnic Hawaiians include 8,300 pure Hawaiian, 72,800 between 50% and 99% Hawaiian, 127,500 fewer than 50% Hawaiian in Hawaii (1984 Office of Hawaiian Affairs). In 1778 there were believed to have been more than 500,000 pure Hawaiians (1995 W. Harada). (2013.)",bib67,no -125-speaker_number-3,125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3956,no -125-speakers-3,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3,000""}",,,bib3956,no -125-speaker_number-4,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"By the end of the 20th century fewer than 700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers remained out of a Native Hawaiian population of 401,162 (US Census Bureau 2000) (p. 37).",bib4021,no -125-speakers-4,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"By the end of the 20th century fewer than 700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers remained out of a Native Hawaiian population of 401,162 (US Census Bureau 2000) (p. 37).",bib4021,no -125-speaker_number-5,125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 mother tongue speakers, and 8,000 can speak and understand Hawaiian.",bib7937,no -125-speakers-5,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 mother tongue speakers, and 8,000 can speak and understand Hawaiian.",bib7937,no -125-speaker_number-6,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"By the end of the 20th century, it is likely that there were significantly fewer than 1,000 native speakers of Hawaiian. Indeed, among Hawaiian language teachers today, it is regularly postulated that there are fewer than 500 native speakers left. However, by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... Apart from the Ni‘ihau community, there are very few native-speakers. Most of them are aged 60 or over and many of them have not had the opportunity to use the language for day-to-day purposes in decades and therefore have forgotten how to express many thoughts in Hawaiian.",bib5473,no -125-speakers-6,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,000-3,000""}",,"By the end of the 20th century, it is likely that there were significantly fewer than 1,000 native speakers of Hawaiian. Indeed, among Hawaiian language teachers today, it is regularly postulated that there are fewer than 500 native speakers left. However, by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... Apart from the Ni‘ihau community, there are very few native-speakers. Most of them are aged 60 or over and many of them have not had the opportunity to use the language for day-to-day purposes in decades and therefore have forgotten how to express many thoughts in Hawaiian.",bib5473,no -125-LEI-1,125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5472,yes -125-transmission-1,125,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5472,yes -125-domains_of_use-1,125,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5472,yes -125-speaker_number_trends-1,125,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5472,yes -125-vitality-1,125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5472,yes +125-speaker_number-3,125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3976,no +125-speakers-3,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3,000""}",,,bib3976,no +125-speaker_number-4,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"By the end of the 20th century fewer than 700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers remained out of a Native Hawaiian population of 401,162 (US Census Bureau 2000) (p. 37).",bib4041,no +125-speakers-4,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"By the end of the 20th century fewer than 700 Hawaiian-dominant native speakers remained out of a Native Hawaiian population of 401,162 (US Census Bureau 2000) (p. 37).",bib4041,no +125-speaker_number-5,125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 mother tongue speakers, and 8,000 can speak and understand Hawaiian.",bib7962,no +125-speakers-5,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 mother tongue speakers, and 8,000 can speak and understand Hawaiian.",bib7962,no +125-speaker_number-6,125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"By the end of the 20th century, it is likely that there were significantly fewer than 1,000 native speakers of Hawaiian. Indeed, among Hawaiian language teachers today, it is regularly postulated that there are fewer than 500 native speakers left. However, by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... Apart from the Ni‘ihau community, there are very few native-speakers. Most of them are aged 60 or over and many of them have not had the opportunity to use the language for day-to-day purposes in decades and therefore have forgotten how to express many thoughts in Hawaiian.",bib5496,no +125-speakers-6,125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2,000-3,000""}",,"By the end of the 20th century, it is likely that there were significantly fewer than 1,000 native speakers of Hawaiian. Indeed, among Hawaiian language teachers today, it is regularly postulated that there are fewer than 500 native speakers left. However, by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, there may have been as many as two or three thousand native speakers of English (including Kānaka Maoli) who had learned Hawaiian as an additional language, to varying levels of proficiency, in educational institutions... Apart from the Ni‘ihau community, there are very few native-speakers. Most of them are aged 60 or over and many of them have not had the opportunity to use the language for day-to-day purposes in decades and therefore have forgotten how to express many thoughts in Hawaiian.",bib5496,no +125-LEI-1,125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5495,yes +125-transmission-1,125,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5495,yes +125-domains_of_use-1,125,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5495,yes +125-speaker_number_trends-1,125,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5495,yes +125-vitality-1,125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Hawaiian known among native speakers is extremely endangered and under pressure from the overwhelming English-speaking communities of Kaua‘i County to conform to English and Pidgin... Although the churches and schools that serve the Ni‘ihau community have become the only venues left where Ni‘ihau speakers gather, families still speak the language at home, especially on Ni‘ihau. However, a significant number of children and young adults in the community are preferring to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian, and as these people grow up and become parents, they often prefer to speak English to their children, thus severing the linguistic ties that they were privileged to grow up with. Each choice to speak Pidgin or English over Hawaiian contributes to the destruction of the community of native speakers. This is how Kaua‘i residents ended up becoming English/Pidgin monoglots in the 20th century, as opposed to being multilingual, and the same thing is happening among the Ni‘ihau community today.",bib5495,yes 125-LEI-2,125,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 125-vitality-2,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -125-LEI-3,125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there is no accurate census or survey, Kapono (1998:199) estimates that there were about 5,000 Hawaiian speakers in 1995. Of these, 1,000 were mānaleo (i.e., ""heritage speakers"" or ""native-speaking elders""), 400 of whom had connections to the island of Ni'ihau .... We may identify another 1,000 of the estimate to be young native Hawaiian speakers, who acquired the language naturally, during the critical period, and without formal instruction .... The remaining 3,000 speakers in Kapono's estimate were second language speakers, who learned the language (often fluently) through formal instruction.",bib3956,no -125-vitality-3,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although there is no accurate census or survey, Kapono (1998:199) estimates that there were about 5,000 Hawaiian speakers in 1995. Of these, 1,000 were mānaleo (i.e., ""heritage speakers"" or ""native-speaking elders""), 400 of whom had connections to the island of Ni'ihau .... We may identify another 1,000 of the estimate to be young native Hawaiian speakers, who acquired the language naturally, during the critical period, and without formal instruction .... The remaining 3,000 speakers in Kapono's estimate were second language speakers, who learned the language (often fluently) through formal instruction.",bib3956,no -125-LEI-4,125,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4021,no -125-vitality-4,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4021,no -125-LEI-5,125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -125-vitality-5,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -125-LEI-6,125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5473,no -125-transmission-6,125,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5473,no -125-domains_of_use-6,125,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5473,no -125-speaker_number_trends-6,125,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5473,no -125-vitality-6,125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5473,no -1250-location-1,1250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5634, 107.1496]]}",,,bib5307,no -1250-location-2,1250,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Southern Vietnam""}",,,bib1205,yes +125-LEI-3,125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there is no accurate census or survey, Kapono (1998:199) estimates that there were about 5,000 Hawaiian speakers in 1995. Of these, 1,000 were mānaleo (i.e., ""heritage speakers"" or ""native-speaking elders""), 400 of whom had connections to the island of Ni'ihau .... We may identify another 1,000 of the estimate to be young native Hawaiian speakers, who acquired the language naturally, during the critical period, and without formal instruction .... The remaining 3,000 speakers in Kapono's estimate were second language speakers, who learned the language (often fluently) through formal instruction.",bib3976,no +125-vitality-3,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although there is no accurate census or survey, Kapono (1998:199) estimates that there were about 5,000 Hawaiian speakers in 1995. Of these, 1,000 were mānaleo (i.e., ""heritage speakers"" or ""native-speaking elders""), 400 of whom had connections to the island of Ni'ihau .... We may identify another 1,000 of the estimate to be young native Hawaiian speakers, who acquired the language naturally, during the critical period, and without formal instruction .... The remaining 3,000 speakers in Kapono's estimate were second language speakers, who learned the language (often fluently) through formal instruction.",bib3976,no +125-LEI-4,125,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4041,no +125-vitality-4,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4041,no +125-LEI-5,125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +125-vitality-5,125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +125-LEI-6,125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5496,no +125-transmission-6,125,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5496,no +125-domains_of_use-6,125,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5496,no +125-speaker_number_trends-6,125,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5496,no +125-vitality-6,125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5496,no +1250-location-1,1250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5634, 107.1496]]}",,,bib5330,no +1250-location-2,1250,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Southern Vietnam""}",,,bib1214,yes 1250-location-3,1250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.75, 107.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1250-location-4,1250,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -1250-speaker_number-1,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1250-speakers-1,1250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1250-speaker_number-2,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 15,000 members of this officially recognized ethnic group, the southernmost Bahnaric language, but far fewer speakers because of its location just to the east of Saigon.",bib1205,yes -1250-speakers-2,1250,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 15,000 members of this officially recognized ethnic group, the southernmost Bahnaric language, but far fewer speakers because of its location just to the east of Saigon.",bib1205,yes +1250-speaker_number-1,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1250-speakers-1,1250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1250-speaker_number-2,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 15,000 members of this officially recognized ethnic group, the southernmost Bahnaric language, but far fewer speakers because of its location just to the east of Saigon.",bib1214,yes +1250-speakers-2,1250,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 15,000 members of this officially recognized ethnic group, the southernmost Bahnaric language, but far fewer speakers because of its location just to the east of Saigon.",bib1214,yes 1250-speaker_number-3,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1250-speakers-3,1250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,567"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1250-speaker_number-4,1250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 1999 census. Few speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no 1250-speakers-4,1250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 1999 census. Few speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no -1250-LEI-1,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1250-vitality-1,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1250-LEI-2,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1250-vitality-2,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1250-LEI-1,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1250-vitality-1,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1250-LEI-2,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1250-vitality-2,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1250-LEI-3,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1250-vitality-3,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1250-LEI-4,1250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1250-vitality-4,1250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1251-location-1,1251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6833, 107.2]]}",,,bib5307,no -1251-location-2,1251,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Nine villages in Dakchueng Distrinct, Xekong Province, Laos""}",,,bib1205,yes -1251-speaker_number-1,1251,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1251-speakers-1,1251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1328"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1251-LEI-1,1251,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1251-vitality-1,1251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1252-location-1,1252,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6333, 107.25]]}",,,bib5307,no -1252-location-2,1252,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Eight villages in Dakchueng District, Xekong Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -1252-speaker_number-1,1252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of this group can speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1252-speakers-1,1252,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,198"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of this group can speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1252-LEI-1,1252,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1252-vitality-1,1252,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1253-location-1,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.945, 70.954]]}",,,bib8302,yes -1253-location-2,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2396,no -1253-location-3,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar province."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.945, 70.954]]}",,,bib7525,no -1253-speaker_number-1,1253,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken in Zemiaki village by 400-500 people, who call their language Jamlám basa. Some consider it a dialect of Waigali.",bib8302,yes -1253-speakers-1,1253,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken in Zemiaki village by 400-500 people, who call their language Jamlám basa. Some consider it a dialect of Waigali.",bib8302,yes -1253-speakers-2,1253,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,Identified as a distinct Nuristani language only in 1999. Number of speakers unknown; endangered.,bib7525,no -1253-LEI-1,1253,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8302,yes -1253-vitality-1,1253,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8302,yes -1254-location-1,1254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.65, 107.1166]]}",,,bib5307,no -1254-location-2,1254,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Four villages in Kaluem District, Xekong Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -1254-speaker_number-1,1254,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1254-speakers-1,1254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1254-LEI-1,1254,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1254-vitality-1,1254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1255-context-1,1255,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,no -1255-context-2,1255,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in contact with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib4388,yes -1255-location-1,1255,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""South central peninsular, southeast of Temerloh""}",,No longer spoken in some southern and southwestern areas of former traditional territory.,bib1205,no -1255-location-2,1255,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Around the shores of Tasek Bera (lake Bera), along the banks of the Bera, Teriang and Serting rivers in south-west Pahang and north-west Negri Sembilan states, and the Muar River in north-west Johore"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.099, 102.622]]}",,,bib4388,yes +1251-location-1,1251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6833, 107.2]]}",,,bib5330,no +1251-location-2,1251,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Nine villages in Dakchueng Distrinct, Xekong Province, Laos""}",,,bib1214,yes +1251-speaker_number-1,1251,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1251-speakers-1,1251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1328"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1251-LEI-1,1251,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1251-vitality-1,1251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1252-location-1,1252,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6333, 107.25]]}",,,bib5330,no +1252-location-2,1252,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Eight villages in Dakchueng District, Xekong Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +1252-speaker_number-1,1252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of this group can speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1252-speakers-1,1252,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,198"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of this group can speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1252-LEI-1,1252,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1252-vitality-1,1252,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1253-location-1,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.945, 70.954]]}",,,bib8327,yes +1253-location-2,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2409,no +1253-location-3,1253,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar province."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.945, 70.954]]}",,,bib7550,no +1253-speaker_number-1,1253,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken in Zemiaki village by 400-500 people, who call their language Jamlám basa. Some consider it a dialect of Waigali.",bib8327,yes +1253-speakers-1,1253,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken in Zemiaki village by 400-500 people, who call their language Jamlám basa. Some consider it a dialect of Waigali.",bib8327,yes +1253-speakers-2,1253,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,Identified as a distinct Nuristani language only in 1999. Number of speakers unknown; endangered.,bib7550,no +1253-LEI-1,1253,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8327,yes +1253-vitality-1,1253,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8327,yes +1254-location-1,1254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.65, 107.1166]]}",,,bib5330,no +1254-location-2,1254,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Four villages in Kaluem District, Xekong Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +1254-speaker_number-1,1254,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1254-speakers-1,1254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most members of this group speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1254-LEI-1,1254,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1254-vitality-1,1254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1255-context-1,1255,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,no +1255-context-2,1255,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in contact with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib4409,yes +1255-location-1,1255,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""South central peninsular, southeast of Temerloh""}",,No longer spoken in some southern and southwestern areas of former traditional territory.,bib1214,no +1255-location-2,1255,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Around the shores of Tasek Bera (lake Bera), along the banks of the Bera, Teriang and Serting rivers in south-west Pahang and north-west Negri Sembilan states, and the Muar River in north-west Johore"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.099, 102.622]]}",,,bib4409,yes 1255-location-3,1255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.0, 103.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1255-location-4,1255,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no 1255-speaker_number-1,1255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1255-speakers-1,1255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,932"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1255-speaker_number-2,1255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Apart from Semelai proper which has most of the remaining speakers, the Temoq dialect has a few hundred.",bib1205,no -1255-speakers-2,1255,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,103"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Apart from Semelai proper which has most of the remaining speakers, the Temoq dialect has a few hundred.",bib1205,no -1255-speaker_number-3,1255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4388,yes -1255-speakers-3,1255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4388,yes +1255-speaker_number-2,1255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Apart from Semelai proper which has most of the remaining speakers, the Temoq dialect has a few hundred.",bib1214,no +1255-speakers-2,1255,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,103"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Apart from Semelai proper which has most of the remaining speakers, the Temoq dialect has a few hundred.",bib1214,no +1255-speaker_number-3,1255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4409,yes +1255-speakers-3,1255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4409,yes 1255-speakers-4,1255,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,418""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from COAC (2003).,bib67,no 1255-LEI-1,1255,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1255-vitality-1,1255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1255-LEI-2,1255,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1255-vitality-2,1255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -1255-LEI-3,1255,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4388,yes -1255-transmission-3,1255,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4388,yes -1255-domains_of_use-3,1255,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4388,yes -1255-speaker_number_trends-3,1255,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4388,yes -1255-vitality-3,1255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4388,yes -1256-context-1,1256,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,yes -1256-location-1,1256,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0012, 102.8443]]}",,,bib5307,no -1256-location-2,1256,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Malay Peninsula""}",,,bib6983,no -1256-location-3,1256,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Eastern highlands, west of Kuantan""}",,"In contact with Northern Aslian Batek and Chewong to its northwest, and with Central Aslian Jah Het to its southwest. It covers a large territory, as large as that of Semai, but has less dialect differentiation.",bib1205,yes +1255-LEI-2,1255,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1255-vitality-2,1255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +1255-LEI-3,1255,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4409,yes +1255-transmission-3,1255,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4409,yes +1255-domains_of_use-3,1255,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4409,yes +1255-speaker_number_trends-3,1255,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4409,yes +1255-vitality-3,1255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Unlike most other Aslian language, Semelai is relatively healthy and has not changed much in recent times. Children generally speak the language and are monolingual until schooling in Malay begins. It is inevitable that the use of Semelai will decline as the Semelai take part in wider Malaysian society. Nearby ethnic groups show much greater level of attrition.",bib4409,yes +1256-context-1,1256,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,yes +1256-location-1,1256,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0012, 102.8443]]}",,,bib5330,no +1256-location-2,1256,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Malay Peninsula""}",,,bib7007,no +1256-location-3,1256,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Eastern highlands, west of Kuantan""}",,"In contact with Northern Aslian Batek and Chewong to its northwest, and with Central Aslian Jah Het to its southwest. It covers a large territory, as large as that of Semai, but has less dialect differentiation.",bib1214,yes 1256-location-4,1256,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -1256-speaker_number-1,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1256-speakers-1,1256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1256-speaker_number-2,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Until recently mobile hunter-gatherers.,bib6983,no -1256-speakers-2,1256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Until recently mobile hunter-gatherers.,bib6983,no -1256-speaker_number-3,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1256-speakers-3,1256,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,488"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,488"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1256-speaker_number-1,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1256-speakers-1,1256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1256-speaker_number-2,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Until recently mobile hunter-gatherers.,bib7007,no +1256-speakers-2,1256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Until recently mobile hunter-gatherers.,bib7007,no +1256-speaker_number-3,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1256-speakers-3,1256,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,488"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,488"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1256-speaker_number-4,1256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1256-speakers-4,1256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,078"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1256-speakers-5,1256,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,545""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from COAC (2003).,bib67,no -1256-LEI-1,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1256-vitality-1,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1256-LEI-2,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1256-vitality-2,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -1256-LEI-3,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1256-vitality-3,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1256-LEI-1,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1256-vitality-1,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1256-LEI-2,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1256-vitality-2,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +1256-LEI-3,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1256-vitality-3,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1256-LEI-4,1256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1256-vitality-4,1256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1257-context-1,1257,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Cameron Highlands dialect is used on the radio and is a school language, as well as being the lingua franca of the Aslian military unit in the Malaysian armed forces.",bib1205,yes -1257-location-1,1257,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central peninsular, near and south of Cameron Highlands.""}",,"Has a very large number of small localised dialects, most with fewer than a thousand speakers, and many extinct dialects further west and south.",bib1205,yes +1257-context-1,1257,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Cameron Highlands dialect is used on the radio and is a school language, as well as being the lingua franca of the Aslian military unit in the Malaysian armed forces.",bib1214,yes +1257-location-1,1257,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central peninsular, near and south of Cameron Highlands.""}",,"Has a very large number of small localised dialects, most with fewer than a thousand speakers, and many extinct dialects further west and south.",bib1214,yes 1257-location-2,1257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.33333333333, 101.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1257-location-3,1257,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no 1257-speaker_number-1,1257,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1257-speakers-1,1257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1257-speaker_number-2,1257,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nearly 29,000 group members, over 26,000 in traditional areas.",bib1205,yes -1257-speakers-2,1257,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<29,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nearly 29,000 group members, over 26,000 in traditional areas.",bib1205,yes +1257-speaker_number-2,1257,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nearly 29,000 group members, over 26,000 in traditional areas.",bib1214,yes +1257-speakers-2,1257,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<29,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nearly 29,000 group members, over 26,000 in traditional areas.",bib1214,yes 1257-speaker_number-3,1257,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""2,000 monolinguals."" Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 2000.",bib67,no 1257-speakers-3,1257,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""43,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""2,000 monolinguals."" Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 2000.",bib67,no 1257-LEI-1,1257,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1257-vitality-1,1257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1257-LEI-2,1257,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1257-domains_of_use-2,1257,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib1205,yes -1257-vitality-2,1257,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1257-LEI-2,1257,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1257-domains_of_use-2,1257,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib1214,yes +1257-vitality-2,1257,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1257-LEI-3,1257,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1257-vitality-3,1257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1258-context-1,1258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Jehai, Batek, and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects. All speakers also speak Malay, and many use Temiar as a lingua franca.",bib1205,yes -1258-location-1,1258,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast peninsular, Bertam area""}",,,bib1205,yes +1258-context-1,1258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Jehai, Batek, and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects. All speakers also speak Malay, and many use Temiar as a lingua franca.",bib1214,yes +1258-location-1,1258,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast peninsular, Bertam area""}",,,bib1214,yes 1258-location-2,1258,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.01, 102.05]]}",,,bib75,no 1258-location-3,1258,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no 1258-speaker_number-1,1258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1258-speakers-1,1258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1258-speaker_number-2,1258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1258-speakers-2,1258,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~145"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1258-speaker_number-2,1258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1258-speakers-2,1258,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~145"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1258-speaker_number-3,1258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003).,bib67,no 1258-speakers-3,1258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003).,bib67,no 1258-LEI-1,1258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1258-vitality-1,1258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1258-LEI-2,1258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1258-vitality-2,1258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1258-LEI-2,1258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1258-vitality-2,1258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1258-LEI-3,1258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1258-vitality-3,1258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1259-context-1,1259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri (Meiteilon), English, Rongmei, Liangmei, Hindi, Nagamese, Assamese"", ""Government Support"": ""Zeme is one of 34 recognized scheduled tribes of Manipur"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Most Zeme people are multilingual, but prefer to speak Zeme in order to maintain their language and identity.""}",,No formal education in Zeme is available.,bib6862,yes -1259-location-1,1259,location,"{""Places"": [""Zeme speakers are settled in the Indian states of Manipur (Tamenglong District and Senapati District), Assam (Dima Hasao District), and Nagaland (Peren District). \nThe Zeme Naga are one of the sub-tribes of Zeliangrong along with the Liangmei and Rongmei.""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.5911, 93.2946], [25.2318, 93.0109], [25.3044, 93.4416]]}",,,bib6862,yes -1259-location-2,1259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5027, 93.5595]]}",,,bib5307,no +1259-context-1,1259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri (Meiteilon), English, Rongmei, Liangmei, Hindi, Nagamese, Assamese"", ""Government Support"": ""Zeme is one of 34 recognized scheduled tribes of Manipur"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Most Zeme people are multilingual, but prefer to speak Zeme in order to maintain their language and identity.""}",,No formal education in Zeme is available.,bib6886,yes +1259-location-1,1259,location,"{""Places"": [""Zeme speakers are settled in the Indian states of Manipur (Tamenglong District and Senapati District), Assam (Dima Hasao District), and Nagaland (Peren District). \nThe Zeme Naga are one of the sub-tribes of Zeliangrong along with the Liangmei and Rongmei.""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.5911, 93.2946], [25.2318, 93.0109], [25.3044, 93.4416]]}",,,bib6886,yes +1259-location-2,1259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5027, 93.5595]]}",,,bib5330,no 1259-location-3,1259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.1666666667, 93.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1259-location-4,1259,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Manipur and southwestern Nagaland states.""}",,,bib7525,no -1259-speaker_number-1,1259,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6862,yes -1259-speakers-1,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 Indian census report"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6862,yes -1259-speaker_number-2,1259,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1259-speakers-2,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1259-speakers-3,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,No reliable census information.,bib7525,no +1259-location-4,1259,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Manipur and southwestern Nagaland states.""}",,,bib7550,no +1259-speaker_number-1,1259,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6886,yes +1259-speakers-1,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 Indian census report"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6886,yes +1259-speaker_number-2,1259,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1259-speakers-2,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1259-speakers-3,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,No reliable census information.,bib7550,no 1259-speaker_number-4,1259,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1259-speakers-4,1259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1259-LEI-1,1259,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6862,yes -1259-transmission-1,1259,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6862,yes -1259-domains_of_use-1,1259,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6862,yes -1259-vitality-1,1259,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6862,yes -1259-LEI-2,1259,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1259-vitality-2,1259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1259-LEI-1,1259,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6886,yes +1259-transmission-1,1259,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6886,yes +1259-domains_of_use-1,1259,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6886,yes +1259-vitality-1,1259,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6886,yes +1259-LEI-2,1259,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1259-vitality-2,1259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1259-LEI-4,1259,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1259-vitality-4,1259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1260-context-1,1260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southern Thai""}",,"Almost all Maniq speakers are fluent in Southern Thai, which they use in contact situations with Thai villagers and forestry officials.",bib7882,no -1260-context-2,1260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Southern Thai, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Jehai, Lanoh and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1205,yes -1260-location-1,1260,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Banthad mountain range of southern Thailand""}",,"at the intersection of Trang, Satun, and Phatthalung provinces"" ""... speakers are hunter-gatherers traditionally leading a nomadic or a semi-nomadic lifestyle ...",bib7882,no +1260-context-1,1260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southern Thai""}",,"Almost all Maniq speakers are fluent in Southern Thai, which they use in contact situations with Thai villagers and forestry officials.",bib7907,no +1260-context-2,1260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Southern Thai, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Jehai, Lanoh and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1214,yes +1260-location-1,1260,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Banthad mountain range of southern Thailand""}",,"at the intersection of Trang, Satun, and Phatthalung provinces"" ""... speakers are hunter-gatherers traditionally leading a nomadic or a semi-nomadic lifestyle ...",bib7907,no 1260-location-2,1260,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Thailand"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1260-location-3,1260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.1712, 99.7915]]}",,,bib5307,no -1260-location-4,1260,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand and Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: southern, Betong; Malaysia: northwest peninsular, near Baling.""}",,"About 500 group members, about half each in Thailand and Malaysia, four distinct dialects (Batuq, Siong, Nakil, Bong) of hunter-gatherer bands. Numerous other extinct dialects further west, formerly extending to the coast across from Penang.",bib1205,yes -1260-speaker_number-1,1260,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7882,no -1260-speakers-1,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7882,no +1260-location-3,1260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.1712, 99.7915]]}",,,bib5330,no +1260-location-4,1260,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand and Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: southern, Betong; Malaysia: northwest peninsular, near Baling.""}",,"About 500 group members, about half each in Thailand and Malaysia, four distinct dialects (Batuq, Siong, Nakil, Bong) of hunter-gatherer bands. Numerous other extinct dialects further west, formerly extending to the coast across from Penang.",bib1214,yes +1260-speaker_number-1,1260,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7907,no +1260-speakers-1,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7907,no 1260-speaker_number-2,1260,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Population total all countries: 300. Ethnic population: 232 (2003),bib67,no 1260-speakers-2,1260,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""232"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Population total all countries: 300. Ethnic population: 232 (2003),bib67,no -1260-speaker_number-3,1260,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1260-speakers-3,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1260-speaker_number-4,1260,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers of each language ranges between around 150 (Menriq) and 1,000 (Jahai). Some dialect varieties (especially of Lanoh) are close to extinction.",bib6983,no -1260-speakers-4,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers of each language ranges between around 150 (Menriq) and 1,000 (Jahai). Some dialect varieties (especially of Lanoh) are close to extinction.",bib6983,no -1260-speaker_number-5,1260,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1260-speakers-5,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1260-speaker_number-3,1260,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1260-speakers-3,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1260-speaker_number-4,1260,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers of each language ranges between around 150 (Menriq) and 1,000 (Jahai). Some dialect varieties (especially of Lanoh) are close to extinction.",bib7007,no +1260-speakers-4,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers of each language ranges between around 150 (Menriq) and 1,000 (Jahai). Some dialect varieties (especially of Lanoh) are close to extinction.",bib7007,no +1260-speaker_number-5,1260,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1260-speakers-5,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1260-speaker_number-6,1260,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1260-speakers-6,1260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1260-LEI-1,1260,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7882,no -1260-transmission-1,1260,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7882,no -1260-vitality-1,1260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7882,no +1260-LEI-1,1260,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7907,no +1260-transmission-1,1260,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7907,no +1260-vitality-1,1260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7907,no 1260-LEI-2,1260,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1260-vitality-2,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1260-LEI-3,1260,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1260-vitality-3,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1260-LEI-4,1260,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1260-vitality-4,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -1260-LEI-5,1260,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1260-vitality-5,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1260-LEI-3,1260,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1260-vitality-3,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1260-LEI-4,1260,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1260-vitality-4,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +1260-LEI-5,1260,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1260-vitality-5,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1260-LEI-6,1260,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1260-vitality-6,1260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1261-context-1,1261,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Kensiu, Jehai and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages. All speakers also speak Malay, and many use Temiar as a lingua franca.",bib1205,yes -1261-location-1,1261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2509, 101.0206]]}",,,bib5307,no -1261-location-2,1261,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest peninsular, north of Kota Tampin""}",,,bib1205,yes +1261-context-1,1261,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Kensiu, Jehai and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages. All speakers also speak Malay, and many use Temiar as a lingua franca.",bib1214,yes +1261-location-1,1261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2509, 101.0206]]}",,,bib5330,no +1261-location-2,1261,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest peninsular, north of Kota Tampin""}",,,bib1214,yes 1261-location-3,1261,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -1261-speaker_number-1,1261,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1261-speakers-1,1261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1261-speaker_number-2,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1261-speakers-2,1261,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes -1261-speaker_number-3,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number estimates are based off of population numbers and may not represent actual speaker numbers.,bib7378,no -1261-speakers-3,1261,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""359"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~359"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number estimates are based off of population numbers and may not represent actual speaker numbers.,bib7378,no +1261-speaker_number-1,1261,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1261-speakers-1,1261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1261-speaker_number-2,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1261-speakers-2,1261,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes +1261-speaker_number-3,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number estimates are based off of population numbers and may not represent actual speaker numbers.,bib7402,no +1261-speakers-3,1261,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""359"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~359"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number estimates are based off of population numbers and may not represent actual speaker numbers.,bib7402,no 1261-speaker_number-4,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1261-speakers-4,1261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""224"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1261-speaker_number-5,1261,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no 1261-speakers-5,1261,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""224"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no -1261-LEI-1,1261,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1261-vitality-1,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1261-LEI-2,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1261-vitality-2,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1261-LEI-3,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7378,no -1261-vitality-3,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7378,no +1261-LEI-1,1261,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1261-vitality-1,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1261-LEI-2,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1261-vitality-2,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1261-LEI-3,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7402,no +1261-vitality-3,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7402,no 1261-LEI-4,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1261-vitality-4,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1261-LEI-5,1261,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1261-vitality-5,1261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1262-context-1,1262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Kensiu, Jehai, Lanoh and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects. All speakers also speak Malay.",bib1205,yes -1262-location-1,1262,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest peninsular, around Baling.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1262-context-1,1262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage with adjacent Kensiu, Jehai, Lanoh and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects. All speakers also speak Malay.",bib1214,yes +1262-location-1,1262,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest peninsular, around Baling.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1262-location-2,1262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.75, 101.28]]}",,,bib75,no 1262-location-3,1262,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Kedah-Perak border area, Thai border. Overlaps into South Yala Province, Thailand. Also in Thailand.""}",,,bib67,no 1262-speaker_number-1,1262,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1262-speakers-1,1262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1262-speaker_number-2,1262,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 235 group members, in close contact with Kensiu of which it is sometimes considered a dialect.",bib1205,yes -1262-speakers-2,1262,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~235"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 235 group members, in close contact with Kensiu of which it is sometimes considered a dialect.",bib1205,yes +1262-speaker_number-2,1262,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 235 group members, in close contact with Kensiu of which it is sometimes considered a dialect.",bib1214,yes +1262-speakers-2,1262,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~235"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 235 group members, in close contact with Kensiu of which it is sometimes considered a dialect.",bib1214,yes 1262-LEI-1,1262,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1262-vitality-1,1262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1262-LEI-2,1262,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1262-vitality-2,1262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1263-context-1,1263,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Kensiu, Mendriq and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1205,yes -1263-location-1,1263,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand and Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Thailand, SW Narathiwat Province; Malaysia, northeastern peninsular, around Belum.""}",,Includes southeastern Batek Teh dialect which is more similar to the rest of Jehai than to the rest of Batek.,bib1205,yes +1262-LEI-2,1262,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1262-vitality-2,1262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1263-context-1,1263,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Kensiu, Mendriq and Temiar; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1214,yes +1263-location-1,1263,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand and Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Thailand, SW Narathiwat Province; Malaysia, northeastern peninsular, around Belum.""}",,Includes southeastern Batek Teh dialect which is more similar to the rest of Jehai than to the rest of Batek.,bib1214,yes 1263-location-2,1263,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.75, 101.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1263-location-3,1263,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no 1263-speaker_number-1,1263,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1263-speakers-1,1263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1263-speaker_number-2,1263,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 1200 group members, including 1049 in Malaysia.",bib1205,yes -1263-speakers-2,1263,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 1200 group members, including 1049 in Malaysia.",bib1205,yes +1263-speaker_number-2,1263,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 1200 group members, including 1049 in Malaysia.",bib1214,yes +1263-speakers-2,1263,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 1200 group members, including 1049 in Malaysia.",bib1214,yes 1263-speaker_number-3,1263,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The ethnic population is from 2003.,bib67,no 1263-speakers-3,1263,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,843"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The ethnic population is from 2003.,bib67,no 1263-LEI-1,1263,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1263-vitality-1,1263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1263-LEI-2,1263,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1263-vitality-2,1263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1263-LEI-2,1263,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1263-vitality-2,1263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1263-LEI-3,1263,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1263-vitality-3,1263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -1264-context-1,1264,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,yes -1264-location-1,1264,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6452, 102.3065]]}",,,bib5307,no -1264-location-2,1264,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Malaysia: central peninsular, near Temerloh and Jerantut. Group members live to the east of the Batek Nong and Chewong, west of the Semaq Beri and north of the Semelai.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1264-context-1,1264,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,yes +1264-location-1,1264,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6452, 102.3065]]}",,,bib5330,no +1264-location-2,1264,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Malaysia: central peninsular, near Temerloh and Jerantut. Group members live to the east of the Batek Nong and Chewong, west of the Semaq Beri and north of the Semelai.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1264-location-3,1264,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -1264-speaker_number-1,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1264-speakers-1,1264,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1264-speaker_number-2,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1264-speakers-2,1264,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,193"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1264-speaker_number-1,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1264-speakers-1,1264,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1264-speaker_number-2,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1264-speakers-2,1264,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,193"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1264-speaker_number-3,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1264-speakers-3,1264,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,442"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1264-speaker_number-4,1264,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no 1264-speakers-4,1264,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,442"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no -1264-LEI-1,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1264-vitality-1,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1264-LEI-2,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1264-vitality-2,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1264-LEI-1,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1264-vitality-1,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1264-LEI-2,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1264-vitality-2,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1264-LEI-3,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1264-vitality-3,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1264-LEI-4,1264,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1264-vitality-4,1264,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -1266-context-1,1266,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Some contact with adjacent Jah Het, Batek and Semaq Beri.",bib1205,yes -1266-location-1,1266,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6271, 102.1907]]}",,,bib5307,no -1266-location-2,1266,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central peninsular Malaysia, east of Raub.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1266-context-1,1266,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Some contact with adjacent Jah Het, Batek and Semaq Beri.",bib1214,yes +1266-location-1,1266,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6271, 102.1907]]}",,,bib5330,no +1266-location-2,1266,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central peninsular Malaysia, east of Raub.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1266-location-3,1266,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -1266-speaker_number-1,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1266-speakers-1,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1266-speaker_number-2,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 400 group members, two dialects, western Kled and eastern Chewong.",bib1205,yes -1266-speakers-2,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 400 group members, two dialects, western Kled and eastern Chewong.",bib1205,yes +1266-speaker_number-1,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1266-speakers-1,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1266-speaker_number-2,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 400 group members, two dialects, western Kled and eastern Chewong.",bib1214,yes +1266-speakers-2,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 400 group members, two dialects, western Kled and eastern Chewong.",bib1214,yes 1266-speaker_number-3,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1266-speakers-3,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1266-speaker_number-4,1266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003).,bib67,no 1266-speakers-4,1266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""660"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from COAC (2003).,bib67,no -1266-LEI-1,1266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1266-vitality-1,1266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1266-LEI-2,1266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1266-speaker_number_trends-2,1266,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1266-vitality-2,1266,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1266-LEI-1,1266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1266-vitality-1,1266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1266-LEI-2,1266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1266-speaker_number_trends-2,1266,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1266-vitality-2,1266,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1266-LEI-3,1266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1266-vitality-3,1266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1266-LEI-4,1266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1266-vitality-4,1266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -1267-context-1,1267,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in all domains except between speakers of Mah Meri, within the community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Speakers are all bilingual in Malay."", ""Government Support"": ""No support""}",,,bib4386,yes -1267-context-2,1267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Swamped by Malay, all speakers are bilingual and the language is severely endangered; several dialects are already extinct.",bib1205,no -1267-location-1,1267,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Kuala Langat and Sepang areas of Selangor (Peninsular Malaysia). Mah Meri villages include, Sungai Judah, Sungai Mata, Sungai Rambai, Kepau Laut, Pulan Banting, Tongkah, Tanjung Sepat, Bukit Bangkong."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.659, 101.675], [2.66, 101.556], [2.849, 101.375]]}",,"Mah Meri is spoken in isolated pockets dispersed along an eighty kilometer stretch of Selangor, from Kelang south to Sepang river (near Port Dickson).",bib4386,yes -1267-location-2,1267,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southwest peninsular Malaysia, along coast of Selangor and formerly as far south as Melaka and as far inland as Kuala Lumpur.""}",,,bib1205,no -1267-speaker_number-1,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4386,yes -1267-speakers-1,1267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2896"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4386,yes -1267-speaker_number-2,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1267-speakers-2,1267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1267-speaker_number-3,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many members of the group do not speak the language.,bib1205,no -1267-speakers-3,1267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,185"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,185"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many members of the group do not speak the language.,bib1205,no +1267-context-1,1267,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in all domains except between speakers of Mah Meri, within the community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Speakers are all bilingual in Malay."", ""Government Support"": ""No support""}",,,bib4407,yes +1267-context-2,1267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Swamped by Malay, all speakers are bilingual and the language is severely endangered; several dialects are already extinct.",bib1214,no +1267-location-1,1267,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Kuala Langat and Sepang areas of Selangor (Peninsular Malaysia). Mah Meri villages include, Sungai Judah, Sungai Mata, Sungai Rambai, Kepau Laut, Pulan Banting, Tongkah, Tanjung Sepat, Bukit Bangkong."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.659, 101.675], [2.66, 101.556], [2.849, 101.375]]}",,"Mah Meri is spoken in isolated pockets dispersed along an eighty kilometer stretch of Selangor, from Kelang south to Sepang river (near Port Dickson).",bib4407,yes +1267-location-2,1267,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southwest peninsular Malaysia, along coast of Selangor and formerly as far south as Melaka and as far inland as Kuala Lumpur.""}",,,bib1214,no +1267-speaker_number-1,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4407,yes +1267-speakers-1,1267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2896"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4407,yes +1267-speaker_number-2,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1267-speakers-2,1267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1267-speaker_number-3,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many members of the group do not speak the language.,bib1214,no +1267-speakers-3,1267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,185"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,185"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many members of the group do not speak the language.,bib1214,no 1267-speaker_number-4,1267,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1267-speakers-4,1267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,356"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1267-LEI-1,1267,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4386,yes -1267-transmission-1,1267,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4386,yes -1267-domains_of_use-1,1267,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4386,yes -1267-speaker_number_trends-1,1267,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4386,yes -1267-vitality-1,1267,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4386,yes -1267-LEI-2,1267,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1267-vitality-2,1267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1267-LEI-3,1267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1267-speaker_number_trends-3,1267,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,no -1267-vitality-3,1267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +1267-LEI-1,1267,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4407,yes +1267-transmission-1,1267,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4407,yes +1267-domains_of_use-1,1267,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4407,yes +1267-speaker_number_trends-1,1267,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4407,yes +1267-vitality-1,1267,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mah Meri is still the first language acquired by children, and most are monolingual when they enter pre-school. Commonly, Young men speak Malay with their peers.",bib4407,yes +1267-LEI-2,1267,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1267-vitality-2,1267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1267-LEI-3,1267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1267-speaker_number_trends-3,1267,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,no +1267-vitality-3,1267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 1267-LEI-4,1267,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1267-vitality-4,1267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1268-context-1,1268,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Mendriq, Temiar, Semai, Semaq Beri and so on; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1205,yes -1268-location-1,1268,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6695, 102.5051]]}",,,bib5307,no -1268-location-2,1268,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""W. Trengganu, northeast peninsular Malaysia""}",,,bib1205,yes +1268-context-1,1268,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Temiar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Close contact and intermarriage between dialects and with adjacent Mendriq, Temiar, Semai, Semaq Beri and so on; speakers accommodate readily to other Aslian languages and dialects.",bib1214,yes +1268-location-1,1268,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6695, 102.5051]]}",,,bib5330,no +1268-location-2,1268,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""W. Trengganu, northeast peninsular Malaysia""}",,,bib1214,yes 1268-location-3,1268,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -1268-speaker_number-1,1268,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1268-speakers-1,1268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1268-speaker_number-3,1268,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1268-speakers-3,1268,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~960"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1268-speaker_number-1,1268,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1268-speakers-1,1268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1268-speaker_number-3,1268,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1268-speakers-3,1268,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~960"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1268-speaker_number-4,1268,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1268-speakers-4,1268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1268-speaker_number-5,1268,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1268-speakers-5,1268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1268-LEI-1,1268,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1268-vitality-1,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1268-LEI-2,1268,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1268-vitality-2,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1268-LEI-1,1268,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1268-vitality-1,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1268-LEI-2,1268,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1268-vitality-2,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1268-LEI-3,1268,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1268-vitality-3,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1268-LEI-4,1268,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1268-vitality-4,1268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1269-context-1,1269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -1269-context-2,1269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Namie, Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is under heavy pressure from neighbouring larger languages of the same group such as Namie, and the children beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -1269-location-1,1269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6093, 141.6604]]}",,,bib5307,no +1269-context-2,1269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Namie, Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is under heavy pressure from neighbouring larger languages of the same group such as Namie, and the children beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +1269-location-1,1269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6093, 141.6604]]}",,,bib5330,no 1269-location-2,1269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Kwieftim village.""}",,,bib69,no -1269-location-3,1269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kwieftim village""}",,,bib4545,no -1269-location-4,1269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. About 40km north of Yellow River ownship, to the east of the Upper Sand River, a northern tributary of the Sepik River, northeast of Yawari.""}",,,bib7937,yes -1269-speaker_number-1,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1269-speakers-1,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1269-location-3,1269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kwieftim village""}",,,bib4566,no +1269-location-4,1269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. About 40km north of Yellow River ownship, to the east of the Upper Sand River, a northern tributary of the Sepik River, northeast of Yawari.""}",,,bib7962,yes +1269-speaker_number-1,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1269-speakers-1,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1269-speaker_number-2,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm),bib69,no 1269-speakers-2,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm),bib69,no -1269-speaker_number-3,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,no -1269-speakers-3,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,no -1269-speaker_number-4,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -1269-speakers-4,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes +1269-speaker_number-3,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,no +1269-speakers-3,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,no +1269-speaker_number-4,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +1269-speakers-4,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes 1269-speaker_number-5,1269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1269-speakers-5,1269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1269-LEI-1,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1269-vitality-1,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1269-LEI-1,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1269-vitality-1,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1269-LEI-2,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1269-vitality-2,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1269-LEI-3,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -1269-vitality-3,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -1269-LEI-4,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -1269-transmission-4,1269,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7937,yes -1269-speaker_number_trends-4,1269,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7937,yes -1269-vitality-4,1269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,yes +1269-LEI-3,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +1269-vitality-3,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +1269-LEI-4,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +1269-transmission-4,1269,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7962,yes +1269-speaker_number_trends-4,1269,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7962,yes +1269-vitality-4,1269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,yes 1269-LEI-5,1269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1269-vitality-5,1269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -127-context-1,127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1459,yes -127-context-2,127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1449,no -127-location-1,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argetina, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1459,yes -127-location-2,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1449,no +127-context-1,127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1471,yes +127-context-2,127,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1461,no +127-location-1,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argetina, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1471,yes +127-location-2,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1461,no 127-location-3,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.5, -60.5]]}",,,bib216,no -127-location-4,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina and Paraguay""]}",,,bib1902,no -127-location-5,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Argentina, Province of Salta,\ndepartments of Rivadavia and San Mart\u0131n, on the outskirts of Tartagal, and in Mision La Paz.\n\nParaguay, department of Boquero, Pedro P. Pena, Mariscal Estigarribia, Menno, Fernheim (Filadelfia), and Neuland (Cayin\u2019o Clim) districts, Department of Presidente Hayes, Pozo Colorado\nand Villa Hayes districts.""}",,,bib1903,no -127-speaker_number-1,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1459,yes -127-speakers-1,127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1459,yes -127-speaker_number-2,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1449,no -127-speakers-2,127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1449,no -127-speaker_number-3,127,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 224 speakers of Nivacle out of a population of 553 people in Argentina; and 10,109 speakers among a population of 12,169 people in Paraguay.",bib1902,no -127-speakers-3,127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12722"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,333"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 224 speakers of Nivacle out of a population of 553 people in Argentina; and 10,109 speakers among a population of 12,169 people in Paraguay.",bib1902,no -127-speaker_number-4,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -127-speakers-4,127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~8,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,925"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no -127-LEI-1,127,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1459,yes -127-transmission-1,127,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1459,yes -127-domains_of_use-1,127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1459,yes -127-speaker_number_trends-1,127,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1459,yes -127-vitality-1,127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1459,yes -127-LEI-2,127,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1449,no -127-transmission-2,127,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1449,no -127-domains_of_use-2,127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1449,no -127-speaker_number_trends-2,127,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1449,no -127-vitality-2,127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1449,no -127-LEI-3,127,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -127-vitality-3,127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -127-LEI-4,127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -127-vitality-4,127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1305-location-1,1305,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.0, 5.6]]}",,,bib5043,yes -1305-location-2,1305,location,"{""Places"": [""Kebbi State, Nigeria"", ""Niger State, Nigeria"", ""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kebbi State, Sakaba LGA; Niger State, Mariga and Rafi LGA, Kaduna State Birnin Gwari LGA""}",,,bib980,no -1305-speaker_number-1,1305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5043,yes -1305-speakers-1,1305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5043,yes -1305-speaker_number-2,1305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""3,600 (1949 G&C)""",bib980,no -1305-speakers-2,1305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""3,600 (1949 G&C)""",bib980,no +127-location-4,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina and Paraguay""]}",,,bib1914,no +127-location-5,127,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Argentina, Province of Salta,\ndepartments of Rivadavia and San Mart\u0131n, on the outskirts of Tartagal, and in Mision La Paz.\n\nParaguay, department of Boquero, Pedro P. Pena, Mariscal Estigarribia, Menno, Fernheim (Filadelfia), and Neuland (Cayin\u2019o Clim) districts, Department of Presidente Hayes, Pozo Colorado\nand Villa Hayes districts.""}",,,bib1915,no +127-speaker_number-1,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1471,yes +127-speakers-1,127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1471,yes +127-speaker_number-2,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1461,no +127-speakers-2,127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nivaclé has about 250 speakers in Argentina and 8,400 in Paraguay. The Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas of the Censo Nacional Argentina, 2004-2005, estimates 250 to 400 for Argentina; the Atlas de las Comunidades Indígenas en el Paraguay, Dirección General de Estadísticas, Encuestas y Censos, (Asunción Paraguay, 2004 [http://www.dgeec.gov.py/]) lists 8,400, for a total in both countries of c.8,750 speakers.",bib1461,no +127-speaker_number-3,127,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 224 speakers of Nivacle out of a population of 553 people in Argentina; and 10,109 speakers among a population of 12,169 people in Paraguay.",bib1914,no +127-speakers-3,127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12722"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,333"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 224 speakers of Nivacle out of a population of 553 people in Argentina; and 10,109 speakers among a population of 12,169 people in Paraguay.",bib1914,no +127-speaker_number-4,127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +127-speakers-4,127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~8,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,925"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no +127-LEI-1,127,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1471,yes +127-transmission-1,127,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1471,yes +127-domains_of_use-1,127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1471,yes +127-speaker_number_trends-1,127,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1471,yes +127-vitality-1,127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1471,yes +127-LEI-2,127,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1461,no +127-transmission-2,127,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1461,no +127-domains_of_use-2,127,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1461,no +127-speaker_number_trends-2,127,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1461,no +127-vitality-2,127,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1461,no +127-LEI-3,127,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +127-vitality-3,127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +127-LEI-4,127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +127-vitality-4,127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1305-location-1,1305,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.0, 5.6]]}",,,bib5065,yes +1305-location-2,1305,location,"{""Places"": [""Kebbi State, Nigeria"", ""Niger State, Nigeria"", ""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kebbi State, Sakaba LGA; Niger State, Mariga and Rafi LGA, Kaduna State Birnin Gwari LGA""}",,,bib984,no +1305-speaker_number-1,1305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5065,yes +1305-speakers-1,1305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5065,yes +1305-speaker_number-2,1305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""3,600 (1949 G&C)""",bib984,no +1305-speakers-2,1305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""3,600 (1949 G&C)""",bib984,no 1305-speaker_number-3,1305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1305-speakers-3,1305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1305-LEI-1,1305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5043,yes -1305-vitality-1,1305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5043,yes -1305-LEI-2,1305,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -1305-vitality-2,1305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +1305-LEI-1,1305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5065,yes +1305-vitality-1,1305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5065,yes +1305-LEI-2,1305,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +1305-vitality-2,1305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 1305-LEI-3,1305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1305-vitality-3,1305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1306-location-1,1306,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Around Bloemfontein and Kimberley""}",,,bib2302,no +1306-location-1,1306,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Around Bloemfontein and Kimberley""}",,,bib2315,no 1306-location-2,1306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.5, 20.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1306-location-3,1306,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""]}",,,bib67,no -1306-location-4,1306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.9352, 24.1254]]}",,,bib5307,no -1306-speaker_number-1,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,It was believed extinct until the recent discovery of four elderly speakers around Bloemfontein and Kimberley.,bib2302,no -1306-speakers-1,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,It was believed extinct until the recent discovery of four elderly speakers around Bloemfontein and Kimberley.,bib2302,no +1306-location-4,1306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.9352, 24.1254]]}",,,bib5330,no +1306-speaker_number-1,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,It was believed extinct until the recent discovery of four elderly speakers around Bloemfontein and Kimberley.,bib2315,no +1306-speakers-1,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,It was believed extinct until the recent discovery of four elderly speakers around Bloemfontein and Kimberley.,bib2315,no 1306-speakers-2,1306,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972""}",,"No known speakers. Ethnic population: 10,000 in South Africa (1972 Barrett)",bib67,no -1306-speaker_number-3,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"One potential speaker, but she refuses to speak. It therefore cannot be verified whether any Korana speakers remain.",bib1240,yes -1306-speakers-3,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"One potential speaker, but she refuses to speak. It therefore cannot be verified whether any Korana speakers remain.",bib1240,yes -1306-speaker_number-4,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1306-speakers-4,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1306-speaker_number-5,1306,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -1306-speakers-5,1306,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -1306-speaker_number-6,1306,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,no -1306-speakers-6,1306,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,no -1306-LEI-1,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2302,no -1306-transmission-1,1306,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2302,no -1306-vitality-1,1306,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2302,no +1306-speaker_number-3,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"One potential speaker, but she refuses to speak. It therefore cannot be verified whether any Korana speakers remain.",bib1249,yes +1306-speakers-3,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"One potential speaker, but she refuses to speak. It therefore cannot be verified whether any Korana speakers remain.",bib1249,yes +1306-speaker_number-4,1306,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1306-speakers-4,1306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1306-speaker_number-5,1306,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +1306-speakers-5,1306,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +1306-speaker_number-6,1306,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,no +1306-speakers-6,1306,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,no +1306-LEI-1,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2315,no +1306-transmission-1,1306,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2315,no +1306-vitality-1,1306,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2315,no 1306-LEI-2,1306,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 1306-vitality-2,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -1306-LEI-3,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1240,yes -1306-vitality-3,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1240,yes -1306-LEI-4,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1306-vitality-4,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1306-LEI-5,1306,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -1306-vitality-5,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -1306-LEI-6,1306,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -1306-vitality-6,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +1306-LEI-3,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1249,yes +1306-vitality-3,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1249,yes +1306-LEI-4,1306,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1306-vitality-4,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1306-LEI-5,1306,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +1306-vitality-5,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +1306-LEI-6,1306,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +1306-vitality-6,1306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 1308-location-1,1308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Ashéninka Perené [prq]: Junin Region, upper Perené River. Ajyíninka Apurucayali [cpc]: Pasco, Ucayali, and Huanuco regions, Pachitea River, Apurucayali tributary. @@ -7401,7 +7463,7 @@ Pichis Ashéninka [cpu]: Pasco, Ucayali, and Junin regions; Pichis and tributari South Ucayali Ashéninka [cpy]: South Ucayali Region, upper Ucayali River and tributaries. Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka [cpb]: Ucayali and Huanuco regions; Ucayali River tributaries of Pachitea, Arruya, Shahuaya, Sheshea, Cohengua, Inuya; Yurúa River.",bib68,yes -1308-location-2,1308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Junin Province""], ""Description"": ""Peren\u00e9 valley"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.933333, -75.266667]]}",,,bib5170,no +1308-location-2,1308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Junin Province""], ""Description"": ""Peren\u00e9 valley"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.933333, -75.266667]]}",,,bib5192,no 1308-speaker_number-1,1308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ashéninka Perené [prq]: 5,500 (2001 SIL) Ajyíninka Apurucayali [cpc]: 4,000 (2000 SIL). Ashéninka Pajonal [cjo]: 12,000 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 12,000 (2002 SIL). @@ -7418,701 +7480,701 @@ Ucayali-Yurúa Ashéninka [cpb]: 7,000 in Peru (2001 SIL). Population total all (Ethnologue 2016 gives only population figures, not speaker numbers.)",bib68,yes 1308-speaker_number-2,1308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1308-speakers-2,1308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1308-speaker_number-3,1308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5170,no -1308-speakers-3,1308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5170,no +1308-speaker_number-3,1308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5192,no +1308-speakers-3,1308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5192,no 1308-LEI-1,1308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 1308-vitality-1,1308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes 1308-LEI-2,1308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1308-vitality-2,1308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1308-LEI-3,1308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5170,no -1308-vitality-3,1308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5170,no -1309-context-1,1309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe, English, French, Lelemi, Ahlo, Siwu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""S\u025bkp\u025bl\u00e9 is normally the first language children acquire before they are in contact with other languages.""}",,"English is the official language for administration, formal setting, and education.",bib2063,yes -1309-context-2,1309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekwa, Sekpele, Ewe""}",,"It is losing ground in favour of the dominant language in the area, Ewe, which is becoming more and more of a primary language for the Likpe people.",bib5309,no -1309-location-1,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, north of Hohoe""}",,,bib997,no -1309-location-2,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the Akwapim Range in the Central Volta region on the Ghana side of the Togo border. Most speakers live in the Likpe communities northeast of Hohoe: Bakwa, Nkwanta, Mate, Bala, Todome, Abrani, Koforidua, Agbozume, Avedzime, and Kukurantumi.""], ""Coordinates"": [[7.106, 0.36]]}",,,bib2063,yes -1309-location-3,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in southeastern Ghana.""}",,,bib5309,no -1309-location-4,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Volta region, Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily by ten Likpe communities north-east of Hohoe (the district capital which is an Ewe community) in the central Volta Region of Ghana""}",,,bib2062,no -1309-speaker_number-1,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib997,no -1309-speakers-1,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib997,no -1309-speaker_number-2,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Updated numbers from the 2010 census are not readily available. Over 1,000 native speakers live in the diaspora.",bib2063,yes -1309-speakers-2,1309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000, a majority of whom are S\u025bkp\u025bl\u00e9 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Updated numbers from the 2010 census are not readily available. Over 1,000 native speakers live in the diaspora.",bib2063,yes -1309-speaker_number-3,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The names Sekwa and Sekpele refer to dialects of the same language for the approximately 15,000 ethnic Likpe.",bib5309,no -1309-speakers-3,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The names Sekwa and Sekpele refer to dialects of the same language for the approximately 15,000 ethnic Likpe.",bib5309,no -1309-speaker_number-4,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2062,no -1309-speakers-4,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2062,no -1309-LEI-1,1309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib997,no -1309-vitality-1,1309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib997,no -1309-LEI-2,1309,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2063,yes -1309-transmission-2,1309,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib2063,yes -1309-domains_of_use-2,1309,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2063,yes -1309-speaker_number_trends-2,1309,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib2063,yes -1309-vitality-2,1309,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2063,yes -1309-LEI-3,1309,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1309-speaker_number_trends-3,1309,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5309,no -1309-vitality-3,1309,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5309,no -1309-LEI-4,1309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2062,no -1309-vitality-4,1309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2062,no -1310-context-1,1310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Apathetic with regard to language loss"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Bislama""}",,There are no schools where Mavea is the the language of instruction.,bib3125,yes -1310-location-1,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Mafea Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northern Vanuatu""}",,,bib3170,no +1308-LEI-3,1308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5192,no +1308-vitality-3,1308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5192,no +1309-context-1,1309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe, English, French, Lelemi, Ahlo, Siwu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""S\u025bkp\u025bl\u00e9 is normally the first language children acquire before they are in contact with other languages.""}",,"English is the official language for administration, formal setting, and education.",bib2076,yes +1309-context-2,1309,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekwa, Sekpele, Ewe""}",,"It is losing ground in favour of the dominant language in the area, Ewe, which is becoming more and more of a primary language for the Likpe people.",bib5332,no +1309-location-1,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, north of Hohoe""}",,,bib1001,no +1309-location-2,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the Akwapim Range in the Central Volta region on the Ghana side of the Togo border. Most speakers live in the Likpe communities northeast of Hohoe: Bakwa, Nkwanta, Mate, Bala, Todome, Abrani, Koforidua, Agbozume, Avedzime, and Kukurantumi.""], ""Coordinates"": [[7.106, 0.36]]}",,,bib2076,yes +1309-location-3,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in southeastern Ghana.""}",,,bib5332,no +1309-location-4,1309,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Volta region, Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily by ten Likpe communities north-east of Hohoe (the district capital which is an Ewe community) in the central Volta Region of Ghana""}",,,bib2075,no +1309-speaker_number-1,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1001,no +1309-speakers-1,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1001,no +1309-speaker_number-2,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Updated numbers from the 2010 census are not readily available. Over 1,000 native speakers live in the diaspora.",bib2076,yes +1309-speakers-2,1309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000, a majority of whom are S\u025bkp\u025bl\u00e9 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Updated numbers from the 2010 census are not readily available. Over 1,000 native speakers live in the diaspora.",bib2076,yes +1309-speaker_number-3,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The names Sekwa and Sekpele refer to dialects of the same language for the approximately 15,000 ethnic Likpe.",bib5332,no +1309-speakers-3,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The names Sekwa and Sekpele refer to dialects of the same language for the approximately 15,000 ethnic Likpe.",bib5332,no +1309-speaker_number-4,1309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2075,no +1309-speakers-4,1309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2075,no +1309-LEI-1,1309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,no +1309-vitality-1,1309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1001,no +1309-LEI-2,1309,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2076,yes +1309-transmission-2,1309,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib2076,yes +1309-domains_of_use-2,1309,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2076,yes +1309-speaker_number_trends-2,1309,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib2076,yes +1309-vitality-2,1309,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2076,yes +1309-LEI-3,1309,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1309-speaker_number_trends-3,1309,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5332,no +1309-vitality-3,1309,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5332,no +1309-LEI-4,1309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2075,no +1309-vitality-4,1309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2075,no +1310-context-1,1310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Apathetic with regard to language loss"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Bislama""}",,There are no schools where Mavea is the the language of instruction.,bib3140,yes +1310-location-1,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Mafea Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northern Vanuatu""}",,,bib3185,no 1310-location-2,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -1310-location-3,1310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4219, 167.2366]]}",,,bib5307,no -1310-location-4,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Mavea"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.383995, 167.229435], [-15.431657, 167.252781]]}",,,bib395,no -1310-location-5,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Mavea Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.384, 167.23]]}",,,bib3125,yes -1310-location-6,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""East Espiritu Santo Island, on Mafea and Ais Islands off the southeastern coast of Santo Island""}",,,bib7938,no -1310-speaker_number-1,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2728,no -1310-speakers-1,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2728,no -1310-speaker_number-2,1310,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3170,no -1310-speakers-2,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3170,no +1310-location-3,1310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4219, 167.2366]]}",,,bib5330,no +1310-location-4,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Mavea"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.383995, 167.229435], [-15.431657, 167.252781]]}",,,bib396,no +1310-location-5,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Mavea Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.384, 167.23]]}",,,bib3140,yes +1310-location-6,1310,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""East Espiritu Santo Island, on Mafea and Ais Islands off the southeastern coast of Santo Island""}",,,bib7963,no +1310-speaker_number-1,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2742,no +1310-speakers-1,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2742,no +1310-speaker_number-2,1310,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3185,no +1310-speakers-2,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3185,no 1310-speaker_number-3,1310,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 1310-speakers-3,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -1310-speaker_number-4,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1310-speakers-4,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1310-speaker_number-5,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -1310-speakers-5,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no -1310-speaker_number-6,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Most of the grammatical descriptions derive from a corpus of texts of various genres (conversations, traditional stories, personal histories, etc.) gathered during the author’s fieldwork, conducted for eleven months between 2005 and 2007.",bib3125,yes -1310-speakers-6,1310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Most of the grammatical descriptions derive from a corpus of texts of various genres (conversations, traditional stories, personal histories, etc.) gathered during the author’s fieldwork, conducted for eleven months between 2005 and 2007.",bib3125,yes -1310-speaker_number-7,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7938,no -1310-speakers-7,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7938,no +1310-speaker_number-4,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1310-speakers-4,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1310-speaker_number-5,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +1310-speakers-5,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no +1310-speaker_number-6,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Most of the grammatical descriptions derive from a corpus of texts of various genres (conversations, traditional stories, personal histories, etc.) gathered during the author’s fieldwork, conducted for eleven months between 2005 and 2007.",bib3140,yes +1310-speakers-6,1310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Most of the grammatical descriptions derive from a corpus of texts of various genres (conversations, traditional stories, personal histories, etc.) gathered during the author’s fieldwork, conducted for eleven months between 2005 and 2007.",bib3140,yes +1310-speaker_number-7,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7963,no +1310-speakers-7,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7963,no 1310-speaker_number-8,1310,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1310-speakers-8,1310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1310-LEI-1,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -1310-vitality-1,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -1310-LEI-2,1310,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3170,no -1310-vitality-2,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3170,no +1310-LEI-1,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +1310-vitality-1,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +1310-LEI-2,1310,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3185,no +1310-vitality-2,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3185,no 1310-LEI-3,1310,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1310-vitality-3,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1310-LEI-4,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1310-vitality-4,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1310-LEI-5,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -1310-vitality-5,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -1310-LEI-6,1310,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3125,yes -1310-transmission-6,1310,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3125,yes -1310-domains_of_use-6,1310,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3125,yes -1310-speaker_number_trends-6,1310,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3125,yes -1310-vitality-6,1310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3125,yes -1310-LEI-7,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1310-vitality-7,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +1310-LEI-4,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1310-vitality-4,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1310-LEI-5,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +1310-vitality-5,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +1310-LEI-6,1310,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3140,yes +1310-transmission-6,1310,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3140,yes +1310-domains_of_use-6,1310,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3140,yes +1310-speaker_number_trends-6,1310,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3140,yes +1310-vitality-6,1310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are no fluent speakers younger than age 20. Most community members younger than 20 speak Bislama as their first language. Mavea is used mostly at home, but even in the home Bislama is often used.",bib3140,yes +1310-LEI-7,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1310-vitality-7,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 1310-LEI-8,1310,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1310-vitality-8,1310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1311-context-1,1311,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tibetan in lower-grade schools and local government"", ""Mandarin in other schools, and with Chinese traders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amdo Tibetan; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""because of dominant role of Tibetan culture, many Wutun speakers consider their language a local dialect of Tibetan"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none""}",,"The Rekong dialect of Amdo Tibetan is the local lingua franca. Children acquire some knowledge of Tibetan early in childhood, strengthened over the years through everyday contact and formal studies.",bib2229,yes +1311-context-1,1311,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tibetan in lower-grade schools and local government"", ""Mandarin in other schools, and with Chinese traders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amdo Tibetan; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""because of dominant role of Tibetan culture, many Wutun speakers consider their language a local dialect of Tibetan"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none""}",,"The Rekong dialect of Amdo Tibetan is the local lingua franca. Children acquire some knowledge of Tibetan early in childhood, strengthened over the years through everyday contact and formal studies.",bib2242,yes 1311-location-1,1311,location,"{""Places"": [""northeastern Tibet""]}",,,bib289,no -1311-location-2,1311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.791, 102.4365]]}",,,bib5307,no -1311-location-3,1311,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib2229,yes +1311-location-2,1311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.791, 102.4365]]}",,,bib5330,no +1311-location-3,1311,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib2242,yes 1311-location-4,1311,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no 1311-speaker_number-1,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib289,no 1311-speakers-1,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib289,no -1311-speaker_number-2,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1311-speakers-2,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1311-speaker_number-3,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speakers are classified in the Tu Nationality. The Wutun-speaking villages are linguistically vigorous, so the village population number corresponds closely with the number of speakers.",bib2229,yes -1311-speakers-3,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speakers are classified in the Tu Nationality. The Wutun-speaking villages are linguistically vigorous, so the village population number corresponds closely with the number of speakers.",bib2229,yes +1311-speaker_number-2,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1311-speakers-2,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1311-speaker_number-3,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speakers are classified in the Tu Nationality. The Wutun-speaking villages are linguistically vigorous, so the village population number corresponds closely with the number of speakers.",bib2242,yes +1311-speakers-3,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speakers are classified in the Tu Nationality. The Wutun-speaking villages are linguistically vigorous, so the village population number corresponds closely with the number of speakers.",bib2242,yes 1311-speaker_number-4,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1311-speakers-4,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1311-speaker_number-5,1311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1311-speakers-5,1311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 1311-LEI-1,1311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib289,no 1311-vitality-1,1311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib289,no -1311-LEI-2,1311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1311-vitality-2,1311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1311-LEI-3,1311,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2229,yes -1311-domains_of_use-3,1311,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib2229,yes -1311-vitality-3,1311,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2229,yes +1311-LEI-2,1311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1311-vitality-2,1311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1311-LEI-3,1311,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2242,yes +1311-domains_of_use-3,1311,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib2242,yes +1311-vitality-3,1311,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2242,yes 1311-LEI-4,1311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1311-vitality-4,1311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1311-LEI-5,1311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1311-vitality-5,1311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1312-context-1,1312,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church, education, with non-Bierebo speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,"Bierebo is used in the home and in the village e.g. including in chiefs’ meetings, church meetings, traditional ceremonies, local court cases. Bislama used as a regional lingua franca, in church services, and in home/village by non-Bierebo speakers. English/French used in education.",bib1333,yes -1312-context-2,1312,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Baki""}",,Many speakers bilingual in Baki,bib7937,no +1312-context-1,1312,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church, education, with non-Bierebo speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,"Bierebo is used in the home and in the village e.g. including in chiefs’ meetings, church meetings, traditional ceremonies, local court cases. Bislama used as a regional lingua franca, in church services, and in home/village by non-Bierebo speakers. English/French used in education.",bib1342,yes +1312-context-2,1312,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Baki""}",,Many speakers bilingual in Baki,bib7962,no 1312-location-1,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -1312-location-2,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Epi Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""several villages mainly on the west coast""}",,,bib1332,no -1312-location-3,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""The Bonkovio variety is spoken in the following villages: Bonkovio, also known as Bonga Bay or Pasis; Chavinu, also known as Point or Paen; Foreland; Brisbane, also known as Komerana; and Chumasumwe and Kundute. The Ruwo variety is spoken in Brisbane and Ruwo, also known as Burupika or Niuples. The Yopuna variety is spoken in Yopuna village, and the Malvasi variety is spoken in Malvasi village. Yana, Yakana, and Yaningi are spoken in Lokopui, also known as Tavio."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.6539, 168.1539]]}",,,bib1333,yes -1312-location-4,1312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6539, 168.1539]]}",,,bib5307,no -1312-location-5,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.621305, 168.160694]]}",,,bib395,no -1312-location-6,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""western Epi Island""}",,,bib7937,no +1312-location-2,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Epi Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""several villages mainly on the west coast""}",,,bib1341,no +1312-location-3,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""The Bonkovio variety is spoken in the following villages: Bonkovio, also known as Bonga Bay or Pasis; Chavinu, also known as Point or Paen; Foreland; Brisbane, also known as Komerana; and Chumasumwe and Kundute. The Ruwo variety is spoken in Brisbane and Ruwo, also known as Burupika or Niuples. The Yopuna variety is spoken in Yopuna village, and the Malvasi variety is spoken in Malvasi village. Yana, Yakana, and Yaningi are spoken in Lokopui, also known as Tavio."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.6539, 168.1539]]}",,,bib1342,yes +1312-location-4,1312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6539, 168.1539]]}",,,bib5330,no +1312-location-5,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.621305, 168.160694]]}",,,bib396,no +1312-location-6,1312,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""western Epi Island""}",,,bib7962,no 1312-speaker_number-1,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 1312-speakers-1,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -1312-speaker_number-2,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1332,no -1312-speakers-2,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1332,no -1312-speaker_number-3,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Estimated 900 – 1000 people speak Bierebo as a first language. There are a handful of language learners – e.g. some women marrying into Bierebo-speaking communities. There are 26 speakers of the Yakana variety, and only 2 elderly speakers of the Yana variety. All speakers of Yakana and Yana also speak Yaningi. The Bonkovio variety has roughly 465 speakers; Ruwo, about 90 speakers; Yopuna, 61 speakers; Yaningi, 121 speakers (including speakers of Yana and Yakana); and Malvasi, about 170 speakers.",bib1333,yes -1312-speakers-3,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900-1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A handful""}",,"Estimated 900 – 1000 people speak Bierebo as a first language. There are a handful of language learners – e.g. some women marrying into Bierebo-speaking communities. There are 26 speakers of the Yakana variety, and only 2 elderly speakers of the Yana variety. All speakers of Yakana and Yana also speak Yaningi. The Bonkovio variety has roughly 465 speakers; Ruwo, about 90 speakers; Yopuna, 61 speakers; Yaningi, 121 speakers (including speakers of Yana and Yakana); and Malvasi, about 170 speakers.",bib1333,yes -1312-speaker_number-4,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1312-speakers-4,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1312-speaker_number-5,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -1312-speakers-5,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +1312-speaker_number-2,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1341,no +1312-speakers-2,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1341,no +1312-speaker_number-3,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Estimated 900 – 1000 people speak Bierebo as a first language. There are a handful of language learners – e.g. some women marrying into Bierebo-speaking communities. There are 26 speakers of the Yakana variety, and only 2 elderly speakers of the Yana variety. All speakers of Yakana and Yana also speak Yaningi. The Bonkovio variety has roughly 465 speakers; Ruwo, about 90 speakers; Yopuna, 61 speakers; Yaningi, 121 speakers (including speakers of Yana and Yakana); and Malvasi, about 170 speakers.",bib1342,yes +1312-speakers-3,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900-1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A handful""}",,"Estimated 900 – 1000 people speak Bierebo as a first language. There are a handful of language learners – e.g. some women marrying into Bierebo-speaking communities. There are 26 speakers of the Yakana variety, and only 2 elderly speakers of the Yana variety. All speakers of Yakana and Yana also speak Yaningi. The Bonkovio variety has roughly 465 speakers; Ruwo, about 90 speakers; Yopuna, 61 speakers; Yaningi, 121 speakers (including speakers of Yana and Yakana); and Malvasi, about 170 speakers.",bib1342,yes +1312-speaker_number-4,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1312-speakers-4,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1312-speaker_number-5,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +1312-speakers-5,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 1312-speaker_number-6,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1312-speakers-6,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1312-speaker_number-7,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,483 speakers reported in 1983. Today there may be under 350.,bib7937,no -1312-speakers-7,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""483"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,483 speakers reported in 1983. Today there may be under 350.,bib7937,no +1312-speaker_number-7,1312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,483 speakers reported in 1983. Today there may be under 350.,bib7962,no +1312-speakers-7,1312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""483"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,483 speakers reported in 1983. Today there may be under 350.,bib7962,no 1312-LEI-1,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1312-vitality-1,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1312-LEI-2,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1332,no -1312-vitality-2,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1332,no -1312-LEI-3,1312,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1333,yes -1312-transmission-3,1312,transmission,1,transmission-1,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1333,yes -1312-domains_of_use-3,1312,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1333,yes -1312-speaker_number_trends-3,1312,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1333,yes -1312-vitality-3,1312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1333,yes -1312-LEI-4,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1312-vitality-4,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1312-LEI-5,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -1312-vitality-5,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +1312-LEI-2,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1341,no +1312-vitality-2,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1341,no +1312-LEI-3,1312,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1342,yes +1312-transmission-3,1312,transmission,1,transmission-1,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1342,yes +1312-domains_of_use-3,1312,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1342,yes +1312-speaker_number_trends-3,1312,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1342,yes +1312-vitality-3,1312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"A wide range of age groups use the language, with the exception of the moribund varieties Yakana (youngest speaker in mid-thirties in 2006) and Yana. Speaker numbers probably not in decline overall and perhaps even a very slow increase. The picture varies village to village according to demographics. Exogamous marriage is practised and non-Bierebo-speaking women marrying into communities often raise children in Bislama. In smaller villages whose populations are made up of, say, three or four main families this can have a significant impact. This situation is probably counterbalanced by the high birth rate and rising populations in the larger communities where most children continue to learn Bierebo as their first language. 80-90%% of children learn Bierebo as a mother tongue in the home and village.",bib1342,yes +1312-LEI-4,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1312-vitality-4,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1312-LEI-5,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +1312-vitality-5,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 1312-LEI-6,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1312-vitality-6,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1312-LEI-7,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is losing child speakers,bib7937,no -1312-vitality-7,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is losing child speakers,bib7937,no -1325-location-1,1325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.1463, 106.5405]]}",,,bib5307,no -1325-location-2,1325,location,"{""Places"": [""Longsheng and Xing'an Counties, Guangxi Province, China""]}",,,bib1205,yes +1312-LEI-7,1312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is losing child speakers,bib7962,no +1312-vitality-7,1312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is losing child speakers,bib7962,no +1325-location-1,1325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.1463, 106.5405]]}",,,bib5330,no +1325-location-2,1325,location,"{""Places"": [""Longsheng and Xing'an Counties, Guangxi Province, China""]}",,,bib1214,yes 1325-location-3,1325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0, 107.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1325-location-4,1325,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1325-speaker_number-1,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1325-speakers-1,1325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1325-speaker_number-2,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of the ethnic population speak this language.,bib1205,yes -1325-speakers-2,1325,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of the ethnic population speak this language.,bib1205,yes +1325-speaker_number-1,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1325-speakers-1,1325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1325-speaker_number-2,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of the ethnic population speak this language.,bib1214,yes +1325-speakers-2,1325,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of the ethnic population speak this language.,bib1214,yes 1325-speaker_number-3,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1325-speakers-3,1325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,716"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1325-speaker_number-4,1325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from McConnell (1995).,bib67,no 1325-speakers-4,1325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,720"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from McConnell (1995).,bib67,no -1325-LEI-1,1325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1325-vitality-1,1325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1325-LEI-2,1325,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1325-transmission-2,1325,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1205,yes -1325-speaker_number_trends-2,1325,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1205,yes -1325-vitality-2,1325,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +1325-LEI-1,1325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1325-vitality-1,1325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1325-LEI-2,1325,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1325-transmission-2,1325,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1214,yes +1325-speaker_number_trends-2,1325,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1214,yes +1325-vitality-2,1325,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 1325-LEI-3,1325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1325-vitality-3,1325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1325-LEI-4,1325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1325-vitality-4,1325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1326-context-1,1326,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka; Mandarin; Min"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All of the middle-age and older generations are bilingual in She and Hakka. Some also speak Min or Mandarin. Younger generations are Mandarin-dominant, even if they have certain proficiency in She.",bib8057,no -1326-context-2,1326,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka and other Chinese languages""}",,,bib1205,yes +1326-context-1,1326,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka; Mandarin; Min"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All of the middle-age and older generations are bilingual in She and Hakka. Some also speak Min or Mandarin. Younger generations are Mandarin-dominant, even if they have certain proficiency in She.",bib8082,no +1326-context-2,1326,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka and other Chinese languages""}",,,bib1214,yes 1326-context-3,1326,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka [hak], Mandarin [cmn]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral attitudes toward language loss"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""nearly all""}",,"Most ethnic She use Hakka Chinese [hak] as L1 and other Chinese as well, such as Min [nan] and Mandarin [cmn] (2007). Written Chinese is in common use.",bib67,no -1326-location-1,1326,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.3333, 115.2459]]}",,,bib5307,no -1326-location-2,1326,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""eastern Fujian Province \uff08\u95a9\u6771\uff09""}",,Ningde city （寧德市）,bib8057,no -1326-location-3,1326,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangdong Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Speakers concentrated in Boluo, Zengcheng, Huidong and Haifeng counties, all within 100 km north or northeast of Hong Kong.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1326-location-1,1326,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.3333, 115.2459]]}",,,bib5330,no +1326-location-2,1326,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""eastern Fujian Province \uff08\u95a9\u6771\uff09""}",,Ningde city （寧德市）,bib8082,no +1326-location-3,1326,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangdong Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Speakers concentrated in Boluo, Zengcheng, Huidong and Haifeng counties, all within 100 km north or northeast of Hong Kong.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1326-location-4,1326,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Guangdong Province. Luofu: Boluo and Zengcheng counties; Lianhua: Haifeng and Huidong counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.173161, 114.289706], [23.261141, 113.81086], [22.966617, 115.32353], [22.984975, 114.720079]]}",,More than 10 villages.,bib67,no -1326-speaker_number-1,1326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1326-speakers-1,1326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1326-speaker_number-2,1326,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,30% of the population still speak She.,bib8057,no -1326-speakers-2,1326,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""203452"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""57000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,30% of the population still speak She.,bib8057,no -1326-speaker_number-3,1326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1326-speakers-3,1326,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""709,592"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1326-speaker_number-1,1326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1326-speakers-1,1326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1326-speaker_number-2,1326,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,30% of the population still speak She.,bib8082,no +1326-speakers-2,1326,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""203452"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""57000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,30% of the population still speak She.,bib8082,no +1326-speaker_number-3,1326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1326-speakers-3,1326,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""709,592"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1326-speaker_number-4,1326,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1326-speakers-4,1326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""911"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1326-speaker_number-5,1326,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"910 (1999 Mao Zongwu). 1,200 monolinguals. 580 Luofu, 390 Lianhua (McConnell 1995). Ethnic population: 710,000 (2000 census) including 375,000 in Fujian Province, 171,000 in Zhejiang Province 78,000 in Jiangxi Province, 45,000 in Guizhou Province, and 28,000 in Guangdong.",bib67,no 1326-speakers-5,1326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"910 (1999 Mao Zongwu). 1,200 monolinguals. 580 Luofu, 390 Lianhua (McConnell 1995). Ethnic population: 710,000 (2000 census) including 375,000 in Fujian Province, 171,000 in Zhejiang Province 78,000 in Jiangxi Province, 45,000 in Guizhou Province, and 28,000 in Guangdong.",bib67,no -1326-LEI-1,1326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1326-vitality-1,1326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1326-LEI-2,1326,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8057,no -1326-transmission-2,1326,transmission,4,transmission-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8057,no -1326-domains_of_use-2,1326,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8057,no -1326-speaker_number_trends-2,1326,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8057,no -1326-vitality-2,1326,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8057,no -1326-LEI-3,1326,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1326-speaker_number_trends-3,1326,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1326-vitality-3,1326,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1326-LEI-1,1326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1326-vitality-1,1326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1326-LEI-2,1326,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8082,no +1326-transmission-2,1326,transmission,4,transmission-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8082,no +1326-domains_of_use-2,1326,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8082,no +1326-speaker_number_trends-2,1326,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8082,no +1326-vitality-2,1326,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"A few monolinguals in She, all of them are elders. Young people tend to be monolingual in Mandarin.",bib8082,no +1326-LEI-3,1326,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1326-speaker_number_trends-3,1326,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1326-vitality-3,1326,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1326-LEI-4,1326,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1326-vitality-4,1326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1326-LEI-5,1326,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly adults speak She. Neutral attitudes.,bib67,no 1326-transmission-5,1326,transmission,3,transmission-3,Mainly adults speak She. Neutral attitudes.,bib67,no 1326-vitality-5,1326,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mainly adults speak She. Neutral attitudes.,bib67,no -1327-location-1,1327,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4146, 107.8378]]}",,,bib5307,no -1327-location-2,1327,location,"{""Places"": [""Hunan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Scattered over six counties.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1327-location-1,1327,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4146, 107.8378]]}",,,bib5330,no +1327-location-2,1327,location,"{""Places"": [""Hunan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Scattered over six counties.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1327-location-3,1327,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1327-speaker_number-1,1327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1327-speakers-1,1327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1327-speaker_number-2,1327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of the group can speak the language.,bib1205,yes -1327-speakers-2,1327,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of the group can speak the language.,bib1205,yes +1327-speaker_number-1,1327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1327-speakers-1,1327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1327-speaker_number-2,1327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of the group can speak the language.,bib1214,yes +1327-speakers-2,1327,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of the group can speak the language.,bib1214,yes 1327-speaker_number-3,1327,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1327-speakers-3,1327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,442"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1327-speaker_number-4,1327,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from McConnell (1995).,bib67,no 1327-speakers-4,1327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from McConnell (1995).,bib67,no -1327-LEI-1,1327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1327-vitality-1,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1327-LEI-2,1327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1327-vitality-2,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1327-LEI-1,1327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1327-vitality-1,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1327-LEI-2,1327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1327-vitality-2,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1327-LEI-3,1327,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1327-vitality-3,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1327-LEI-4,1327,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1327-vitality-4,1327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1328-location-1,1328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.3902, 108.5135]]}",,,bib5307,no -1328-location-2,1328,location,"{""Places"": [""Jinxiu County, Guangxi Province, China""]}",,,bib1205,yes +1328-location-1,1328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.3902, 108.5135]]}",,,bib5330,no +1328-location-2,1328,location,"{""Places"": [""Jinxiu County, Guangxi Province, China""]}",,,bib1214,yes 1328-location-3,1328,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1328-speaker_number-1,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1328-speakers-1,1328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1328-speaker_number-2,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of ethnic group are speakers of this language.,bib1205,yes -1328-speakers-2,1328,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of ethnic group are speakers of this language.,bib1205,yes +1328-speaker_number-1,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1328-speakers-1,1328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1328-speaker_number-2,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most members of ethnic group are speakers of this language.,bib1214,yes +1328-speakers-2,1328,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most members of ethnic group are speakers of this language.,bib1214,yes 1328-speaker_number-3,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1328-speakers-3,1328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,078"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1328-speaker_number-4,1328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Zongwu (1999). There are 269 monolinguals.,bib67,no 1328-speakers-4,1328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Zongwu (1999). There are 269 monolinguals.,bib67,no -1328-LEI-1,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1328-vitality-1,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1328-LEI-2,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1328-vitality-2,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1328-LEI-1,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1328-vitality-1,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1328-LEI-2,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1328-vitality-2,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1328-LEI-3,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1328-vitality-3,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1328-LEI-4,1328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1328-vitality-4,1328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1329-context-1,1329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no +1329-context-1,1329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no 1329-location-1,1329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 128.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1329-location-2,1329,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1329-location-3,1329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0637, 128.3752]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1329-location-4,1329,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland and on the northern, northwestern and southwestern coasts of West Seram Island. The largest language in West Seram.""}",,,bib7938,no +1329-location-3,1329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0637, 128.3752]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1329-location-4,1329,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland and on the northern, northwestern and southwestern coasts of West Seram Island. The largest language in West Seram.""}",,,bib7963,no 1329-speaker_number-1,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1329-speakers-1,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1329-speaker_number-2,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -1329-speakers-2,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1329-speaker_number-3,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,no -1329-speakers-3,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7938,no +1329-speaker_number-2,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +1329-speakers-2,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1329-speaker_number-3,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,no +1329-speakers-3,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7963,no 1329-speaker_number-4,1329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1329-speakers-4,1329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,243"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1329-LEI-2,1329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1329-vitality-2,1329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1329-LEI-3,1329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1329-vitality-3,1329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1329-LEI-4,1329,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7938,no -1329-speaker_number_trends-4,1329,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7938,no -1329-vitality-4,1329,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7938,no +1329-LEI-3,1329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1329-vitality-3,1329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1329-LEI-4,1329,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7963,no +1329-speaker_number_trends-4,1329,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7963,no +1329-vitality-4,1329,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers in the interior who are the majority, use the language daily. In the coastal areas, usage is not vigorous.",bib7963,no 1329-LEI-5,1329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1329-vitality-5,1329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1330-location-1,1330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3352, 128.9314]]}",,,bib5307,no +1330-location-1,1330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3352, 128.9314]]}",,,bib5330,no 1330-location-2,1330,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1330-speaker_number-1,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1330-speakers-1,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1330-speaker_number-2,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,yes -1330-speakers-2,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,yes +1330-speaker_number-1,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1330-speakers-1,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1330-speaker_number-2,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,yes +1330-speakers-2,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,yes 1330-speaker_number-3,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1330-speakers-3,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1330-speaker_number-4,1330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 1330-speakers-4,1330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no -1330-LEI-1,1330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1330-vitality-1,1330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1330-LEI-2,1330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1330-speaker_number_trends-2,1330,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -1330-vitality-2,1330,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1330-LEI-1,1330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1330-vitality-1,1330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1330-LEI-2,1330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1330-speaker_number_trends-2,1330,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +1330-vitality-2,1330,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1330-LEI-3,1330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1330-vitality-3,1330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1330-LEI-4,1330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1330-vitality-4,1330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1332-context-1,1332,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3543,no -1332-context-2,1332,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Only the children who receive their primary school instructions in Indonesian constitute a possible threat to the language, which may therefore be potentially endangered.",bib7938,yes -1332-location-1,1332,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Sipayo and Tinombo."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.184, 120.101], [0.415, 120.204]]}",,,bib3543,no +1332-context-1,1332,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3561,no +1332-context-2,1332,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Only the children who receive their primary school instructions in Indonesian constitute a possible threat to the language, which may therefore be potentially endangered.",bib7963,yes +1332-location-1,1332,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Sipayo and Tinombo."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.184, 120.101], [0.415, 120.204]]}",,,bib3561,no 1332-location-2,1332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5, 120.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1332-location-3,1332,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""The northern third of the narrow neck linking the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi to the bulk of Sulawesi, in the area around Tinombo on the eastern coast.""}",,"The Lauje live on the coast, in the middle hills, and the inner hills. The coastal villages are overcrowded and relatively poor. Steep mountains are very close to the coast, leaving little land for rice fields and gardens, and no incentive for immigrants. In Tinombo, 60 per cent of the population is Lauje, with strong Kaili and Gorontalo communities. Coastal Lauje interact regularly with middle hill Lauje among whom they have rela- tives, speaking only Lauje on these occasions. There is no space for the resettlement projects close to the coast for the inner hill Lauje which also contributes to the maintenance of Lauje.",bib7938,yes +1332-location-3,1332,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""The northern third of the narrow neck linking the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi to the bulk of Sulawesi, in the area around Tinombo on the eastern coast.""}",,"The Lauje live on the coast, in the middle hills, and the inner hills. The coastal villages are overcrowded and relatively poor. Steep mountains are very close to the coast, leaving little land for rice fields and gardens, and no incentive for immigrants. In Tinombo, 60 per cent of the population is Lauje, with strong Kaili and Gorontalo communities. Coastal Lauje interact regularly with middle hill Lauje among whom they have rela- tives, speaking only Lauje on these occasions. There is no space for the resettlement projects close to the coast for the inner hill Lauje which also contributes to the maintenance of Lauje.",bib7963,yes 1332-location-4,1332,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1332-speaker_number-1,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1332-speakers-1,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1332-speaker_number-2,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3543,no -1332-speakers-2,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3543,no -1332-speaker_number-3,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,yes -1332-speakers-3,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1332-speaker_number-2,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3561,no +1332-speakers-2,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3561,no +1332-speaker_number-3,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,yes +1332-speakers-3,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1332-speaker_number-4,1332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1332-speakers-4,1332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1332-LEI-1,1332,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1332-vitality-1,1332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1332-LEI-2,1332,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,no -1332-transmission-2,1332,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,no -1332-domains_of_use-2,1332,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,no -1332-speaker_number_trends-2,1332,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3543,no -1332-vitality-2,1332,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,no -1332-LEI-3,1332,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7938,yes -1332-speaker_number_trends-3,1332,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7938,yes -1332-vitality-3,1332,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7938,yes +1332-LEI-2,1332,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,no +1332-transmission-2,1332,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,no +1332-domains_of_use-2,1332,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,no +1332-speaker_number_trends-2,1332,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3561,no +1332-vitality-2,1332,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,no +1332-LEI-3,1332,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7963,yes +1332-speaker_number_trends-3,1332,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7963,yes +1332-vitality-3,1332,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,There is less tendency to language shift than in other provincial capitals.,bib7963,yes 1332-LEI-4,1332,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1332-vitality-4,1332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1333-context-1,1333,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3543,no -1333-context-2,1333,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ledo""}",,"There is a strong inclination of Ampibabo Lauje speakers to reside temporarily outside their area for wage work, but there are few opportunities for that at present.",bib7938,yes -1333-location-1,1333,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Ampibabo."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.474, 119.997]]}",,,bib3543,no -1333-location-2,1333,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""A form of the large Lauje language (see Lauje) which is spoken on the east coast of the southern third of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. Near Ampibabo. Its general area is heavily populated by speakers of other large languages, such as the Ledo language."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.5, 120.0]]}",,,bib7938,yes -1333-speaker_number-1,1333,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3543,no -1333-speakers-1,1333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3543,no -1333-speaker_number-2,1333,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -1333-speakers-2,1333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes -1333-LEI-1,1333,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,no -1333-transmission-1,1333,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib3543,no -1333-domains_of_use-1,1333,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3543,no -1333-speaker_number_trends-1,1333,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3543,no -1333-vitality-1,1333,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,no -1333-LEI-2,1333,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1333-speaker_number_trends-2,1333,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -1333-vitality-2,1333,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes -1334-context-1,1334,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saluan, Balantak, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1334-location-1,1334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.8514, 123.1457]]}",,,bib5307,no -1334-location-2,1334,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern coast near the eastern head of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1333-context-1,1333,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3561,no +1333-context-2,1333,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ledo""}",,"There is a strong inclination of Ampibabo Lauje speakers to reside temporarily outside their area for wage work, but there are few opportunities for that at present.",bib7963,yes +1333-location-1,1333,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Ampibabo."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.474, 119.997]]}",,,bib3561,no +1333-location-2,1333,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""A form of the large Lauje language (see Lauje) which is spoken on the east coast of the southern third of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. Near Ampibabo. Its general area is heavily populated by speakers of other large languages, such as the Ledo language."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.5, 120.0]]}",,,bib7963,yes +1333-speaker_number-1,1333,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3561,no +1333-speakers-1,1333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3561,no +1333-speaker_number-2,1333,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +1333-speakers-2,1333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes +1333-LEI-1,1333,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,no +1333-transmission-1,1333,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib3561,no +1333-domains_of_use-1,1333,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3561,no +1333-speaker_number_trends-1,1333,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3561,no +1333-vitality-1,1333,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,no +1333-LEI-2,1333,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1333-speaker_number_trends-2,1333,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +1333-vitality-2,1333,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes +1334-context-1,1334,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saluan, Balantak, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1334-location-1,1334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.8514, 123.1457]]}",,,bib5330,no +1334-location-2,1334,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern coast near the eastern head of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1334-location-3,1334,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1334-speaker_number-1,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1334-speakers-1,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1334-speaker_number-2,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -1334-speakers-2,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1334-speaker_number-1,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1334-speakers-1,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1334-speaker_number-2,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +1334-speakers-2,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1334-speaker_number-3,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1334-speakers-3,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1334-speaker_number-4,1334,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1991 SIL),bib67,no 1334-speakers-4,1334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1991 SIL),bib67,no -1334-LEI-1,1334,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1334-vitality-1,1334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1334-LEI-2,1334,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1334-speaker_number_trends-2,1334,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7938,yes -1334-vitality-2,1334,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1334-LEI-1,1334,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1334-vitality-1,1334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1334-LEI-2,1334,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1334-speaker_number_trends-2,1334,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7963,yes +1334-vitality-2,1334,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1334-LEI-3,1334,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1334-vitality-3,1334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1334-LEI-4,1334,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1334-vitality-4,1334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1335-context-1,1335,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwesten, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1335-location-1,1335,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1268, 139.5126]]}",,,bib5307,no +1335-context-1,1335,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwesten, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1335-location-1,1335,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1268, 139.5126]]}",,,bib5330,no 1335-location-2,1335,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayapura regency, Bonggo subdistrict. Podena islands off north coast; coastal area east of Biri river.""}",,,bib69,yes -1335-location-3,1335,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya [Papua Province]: spoken on one of the Podena islands off the northeast coast of Irian Jaya, northeast of Ahus, east of the Tor River.""}",,,bib7938,no -1335-speaker_number-1,1335,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1335-speakers-1,1335,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1335-location-3,1335,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya [Papua Province]: spoken on one of the Podena islands off the northeast coast of Irian Jaya, northeast of Ahus, east of the Tor River.""}",,,bib7963,no +1335-speaker_number-1,1335,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1335-speakers-1,1335,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1335-speaker_number-2,1335,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,yes 1335-speakers-2,1335,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 1335-speaker_number-3,1335,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1335-speakers-3,1335,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1335-LEI-1,1335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1335-vitality-1,1335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1335-LEI-1,1335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1335-vitality-1,1335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1335-LEI-2,1335,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 1335-vitality-2,1335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -1335-LEI-3,1335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1335-speaker_number_trends-3,1335,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1335-vitality-3,1335,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +1335-LEI-3,1335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1335-speaker_number_trends-3,1335,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1335-vitality-3,1335,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 1335-LEI-4,1335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1335-vitality-4,1335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1347-context-1,1347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Galolen [gal], Indonesian [ind], Galolen [gal], Ambonese Malay [abs]""}",,,bib69,no -1347-context-2,1347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Talur, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1347-location-1,1347,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6511, 126.4086]]}",,,bib5307,no +1347-context-2,1347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Talur, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1347-location-1,1347,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6511, 126.4086]]}",,,bib5330,no 1347-location-2,1347,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Maluku Province, 2 villages. North central Wetar island, Banda Sea coast, Ilputih village; south central Wetar, Wetar strait coast, Lurang village.""}",,,bib69,no -1347-location-3,1347,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province: spoken on the north central and south central coasts of Wetar Island, north of northeast Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,yes -1347-speaker_number-1,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1347-speakers-1,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1347-location-3,1347,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province: spoken on the north central and south central coasts of Wetar Island, north of northeast Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,yes +1347-speaker_number-1,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1347-speakers-1,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1347-speaker_number-2,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Hinton 2000),bib69,no 1347-speakers-2,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Hinton 2000),bib69,no -1347-speaker_number-3,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1347-speakers-3,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1347-speaker_number-3,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1347-speakers-3,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1347-speaker_number-4,1347,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1347-speakers-4,1347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1347-LEI-1,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1347-vitality-1,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1347-LEI-1,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1347-vitality-1,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1347-LEI-2,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1347-vitality-2,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1347-LEI-3,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,One of its dialects is extinct.,bib7938,yes -1347-vitality-3,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,One of its dialects is extinct.,bib7938,yes +1347-LEI-3,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,One of its dialects is extinct.,bib7963,yes +1347-vitality-3,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,One of its dialects is extinct.,bib7963,yes 1347-LEI-4,1347,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1347-vitality-4,1347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1349-context-1,1349,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bedoanas, Sekar, Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1349-location-1,1349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6632, 132.5418]]}",,,bib5307,no +1349-context-1,1349,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bedoanas, Sekar, Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1349-location-1,1349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6632, 132.5418]]}",,,bib5330,no 1349-location-2,1349,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Barat Province, Fak-Fak district; Arguni island in Maccluer gulf, off northwest coast, Bomberai peninsula.""}",,,bib69,yes -1349-location-3,1349,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya [Papua Barat Province]: spoken on an island in the Maccluer Gulf off the northwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula.""}",,,bib7938,no -1349-speaker_number-1,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1349-speakers-1,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1349-location-3,1349,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya [Papua Barat Province]: spoken on an island in the Maccluer Gulf off the northwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula.""}",,,bib7963,no +1349-speaker_number-1,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1349-speakers-1,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1349-speaker_number-2,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm 2000),bib69,yes 1349-speakers-2,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,yes -1349-speaker_number-3,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1349-speakers-3,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1349-speaker_number-3,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1349-speakers-3,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1349-speaker_number-4,1349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1349-speakers-4,1349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1349-LEI-1,1349,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1349-vitality-1,1349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1349-LEI-1,1349,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1349-vitality-1,1349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1349-LEI-2,1349,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 1349-vitality-2,1349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -1349-LEI-3,1349,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1349-speaker_number_trends-3,1349,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1349-vitality-3,1349,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1349-LEI-3,1349,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1349-speaker_number_trends-3,1349,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1349-vitality-3,1349,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1349-LEI-4,1349,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1349-vitality-4,1349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1350-context-1,1350,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Klin variety of Moi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Papuan Malay is the dominant language of the community. The middle-aged generation keenly want to produce legacy materials of their language, including a dictionary, before it becomes extinct.""}",,,bib558,yes -1350-context-2,1350,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abun, Moi, Indonesia""}",,,bib7938,no -1350-location-1,1350,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.736, 131.7727]]}",,,bib5307,no -1350-location-2,1350,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken on the north coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula, New Guinea, Indonesia.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.742007, 131.683156]]}",,,bib558,yes -1350-location-3,1350,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast of the Western Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula.""}",,,bib7938,no -1350-speaker_number-1,1350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1350-speakers-1,1350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1350-speaker_number-2,1350,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib558,yes -1350-speakers-2,1350,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib558,yes -1350-speaker_number-3,1350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1350-speakers-3,1350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1350-context-1,1350,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Klin variety of Moi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Papuan Malay is the dominant language of the community. The middle-aged generation keenly want to produce legacy materials of their language, including a dictionary, before it becomes extinct.""}",,,bib561,yes +1350-context-2,1350,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abun, Moi, Indonesia""}",,,bib7963,no +1350-location-1,1350,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.736, 131.7727]]}",,,bib5330,no +1350-location-2,1350,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken on the north coast of the Bird's Head Peninsula, New Guinea, Indonesia.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.742007, 131.683156]]}",,,bib561,yes +1350-location-3,1350,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast of the Western Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula.""}",,,bib7963,no +1350-speaker_number-1,1350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1350-speakers-1,1350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1350-speaker_number-2,1350,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib561,yes +1350-speakers-2,1350,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib561,yes +1350-speaker_number-3,1350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1350-speakers-3,1350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1350-speaker_number-4,1350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1350-speakers-4,1350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1350-LEI-1,1350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1350-vitality-1,1350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1350-LEI-2,1350,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,As is now moribund.,bib558,yes -1350-transmission-2,1350,transmission,5,transmission-5,As is now moribund.,bib558,yes -1350-domains_of_use-2,1350,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,As is now moribund.,bib558,yes -1350-speaker_number_trends-2,1350,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,As is now moribund.,bib558,yes -1350-vitality-2,1350,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,As is now moribund.,bib558,yes -1350-LEI-3,1350,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1350-speaker_number_trends-3,1350,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1350-vitality-3,1350,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1350-LEI-1,1350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1350-vitality-1,1350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1350-LEI-2,1350,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,As is now moribund.,bib561,yes +1350-transmission-2,1350,transmission,5,transmission-5,As is now moribund.,bib561,yes +1350-domains_of_use-2,1350,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,As is now moribund.,bib561,yes +1350-speaker_number_trends-2,1350,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,As is now moribund.,bib561,yes +1350-vitality-2,1350,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,As is now moribund.,bib561,yes +1350-LEI-3,1350,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1350-speaker_number_trends-3,1350,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1350-vitality-3,1350,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1350-LEI-4,1350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1350-vitality-4,1350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1351-context-1,1351,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ekari, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1351-location-1,1351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province. spoken along the Siriwo River.""}",,,bib6736,yes -1351-location-2,1351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5627, 135.9915]]}",,,bib5307,no -1351-location-3,1351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northwestern part of the Central Highlands, in the mountains southeast of Cenderawasih Bay, on a mountain slope, on the Siriwo River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1351-context-1,1351,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ekari, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1351-location-1,1351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province. spoken along the Siriwo River.""}",,,bib6760,yes +1351-location-2,1351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5627, 135.9915]]}",,,bib5330,no +1351-location-3,1351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northwestern part of the Central Highlands, in the mountains southeast of Cenderawasih Bay, on a mountain slope, on the Siriwo River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1351-location-4,1351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1351-speaker_number-1,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Information on this language is out of date and scarce. Much more work is needed for an accurate assessment.,bib6736,yes -1351-speakers-1,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Information on this language is out of date and scarce. Much more work is needed for an accurate assessment.,bib6736,yes -1351-speaker_number-2,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1351-speakers-2,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1351-speaker_number-3,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 speakers reported in 1992.,bib7938,no -1351-speakers-3,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 speakers reported in 1992.,bib7938,no +1351-speaker_number-1,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Information on this language is out of date and scarce. Much more work is needed for an accurate assessment.,bib6760,yes +1351-speakers-1,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Information on this language is out of date and scarce. Much more work is needed for an accurate assessment.,bib6760,yes +1351-speaker_number-2,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1351-speakers-2,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1351-speaker_number-3,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 speakers reported in 1992.,bib7963,no +1351-speakers-3,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 speakers reported in 1992.,bib7963,no 1351-speaker_number-4,1351,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1351-speakers-4,1351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1351-speakers-5,1351,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350""}",,Data comes from SIL for the number of native speakers comes (1995) and for the ethnic population (2000).,bib67,no -1351-LEI-1,1351,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6736,yes -1351-vitality-1,1351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6736,yes -1351-LEI-2,1351,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1351-vitality-2,1351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1351-LEI-3,1351,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1351-speaker_number_trends-3,1351,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1351-vitality-3,1351,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1351-LEI-1,1351,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6760,yes +1351-vitality-1,1351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6760,yes +1351-LEI-2,1351,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1351-vitality-2,1351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1351-LEI-3,1351,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1351-speaker_number_trends-3,1351,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1351-vitality-3,1351,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1351-LEI-4,1351,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1351-vitality-4,1351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1352-context-1,1352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ansus, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1352-location-1,1352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7084, 136.0395]]}",,,bib5307,no -1352-location-2,1352,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Wapoga River, south-west of the centre of the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay in western Irian Jaya [Indonesian Papua].""}",,,bib7938,yes +1352-context-1,1352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ansus, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1352-location-1,1352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7084, 136.0395]]}",,,bib5330,no +1352-location-2,1352,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Wapoga River, south-west of the centre of the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay in western Irian Jaya [Indonesian Papua].""}",,,bib7963,yes 1352-location-3,1352,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1352-speaker_number-1,1352,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1352-speakers-1,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1352-speaker_number-2,1352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1352-speakers-2,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1352-speaker_number-1,1352,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1352-speakers-1,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1352-speaker_number-2,1352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1352-speakers-2,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1352-speaker_number-3,1352,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1352-speakers-3,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1352-speaker_number-4,1352,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(S. Wurm 2000),bib67,no 1352-speakers-4,1352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(S. Wurm 2000),bib67,no -1352-LEI-1,1352,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1352-vitality-1,1352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1352-LEI-2,1352,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7938,yes -1352-transmission-2,1352,transmission,3,transmission-3,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7938,yes -1352-speaker_number_trends-2,1352,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7938,yes -1352-vitality-2,1352,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7938,yes +1352-LEI-1,1352,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1352-vitality-1,1352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1352-LEI-2,1352,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7963,yes +1352-transmission-2,1352,transmission,3,transmission-3,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7963,yes +1352-speaker_number_trends-2,1352,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7963,yes +1352-vitality-2,1352,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children prefer Indonesian.,bib7963,yes 1352-LEI-3,1352,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1352-vitality-3,1352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1352-LEI-4,1352,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1352-vitality-4,1352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1353-context-1,1353,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1353-location-1,1353,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken near the northeastern Irian Jaya [Papua Province]-Papua New Guinea border, about 50km south of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1353-context-1,1353,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1353-location-1,1353,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken near the northeastern Irian Jaya [Papua Province]-Papua New Guinea border, about 50km south of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1353-location-2,1353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.91666666667, 140.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no -1353-location-3,1353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.943, 140.6359]]}",,,bib5307,no -1353-location-4,1353,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Bukisom, Josko, Njao, and Sowjo.""}",,,bib4545,no +1353-location-3,1353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.943, 140.6359]]}",,,bib5330,no +1353-location-4,1353,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Bukisom, Josko, Njao, and Sowjo.""}",,,bib4566,no 1353-location-5,1353,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayapura regency, Arso subdistrict. Northeast, highland enclave near Papua New Guinea border, south of Jayapura town.""}",,,bib69,no -1353-speaker_number-1,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1353-speakers-1,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes -1353-speaker_number-2,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1353-speakers-2,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1353-speaker_number-3,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -1353-speakers-3,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""211"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1961"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +1353-speaker_number-1,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1353-speakers-1,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes +1353-speaker_number-2,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1353-speakers-2,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1353-speaker_number-3,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +1353-speakers-3,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""211"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1961"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 1353-speaker_number-4,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1353-speakers-4,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1353-speaker_number-5,1353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 1353-speakers-5,1353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -1353-LEI-1,1353,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1353-speaker_number_trends-1,1353,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -1353-vitality-1,1353,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes -1353-LEI-2,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1353-vitality-2,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1353-LEI-3,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -1353-vitality-3,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +1353-LEI-1,1353,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1353-speaker_number_trends-1,1353,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +1353-vitality-1,1353,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes +1353-LEI-2,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1353-vitality-2,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1353-LEI-3,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +1353-vitality-3,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 1353-LEI-4,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1353-vitality-4,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1353-LEI-5,1353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1353-vitality-5,1353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1354-location-1,1354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, 121.6845]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1354-location-2,1354,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southeastern Sulawesi, on the north- eastern coast of its eastern peninsula-like part extending southward from the central portion of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +1354-location-1,1354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, 121.6845]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1354-location-2,1354,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southeastern Sulawesi, on the north- eastern coast of its eastern peninsula-like part extending southward from the central portion of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 1354-location-3,1354,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1354-speaker_number-1,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1354-speakers-1,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1354-speaker_number-2,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1354-speakers-2,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1354-speaker_number-1,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1354-speakers-1,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1354-speaker_number-2,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1354-speakers-2,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1354-speaker_number-3,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1354-speakers-3,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1354-speaker_number-4,1354,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,no 1354-speakers-4,1354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,no -1354-LEI-1,1354,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1354-vitality-1,1354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1354-LEI-2,1354,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1354-speaker_number_trends-2,1354,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1354-vitality-2,1354,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1354-LEI-1,1354,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1354-vitality-1,1354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1354-LEI-2,1354,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1354-speaker_number_trends-2,1354,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1354-vitality-2,1354,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1354-LEI-3,1354,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1354-vitality-3,1354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1354-LEI-4,1354,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1354-vitality-4,1354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1356-context-1,1356,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""All speak Indonesian. Most speak Kaili. Some speak Bajau."", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community is multilingual.""}",,,bib3543,yes -1356-context-2,1356,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""15-30 year olds""}",,,bib7938,no -1356-location-1,1356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Island of Sulawesi. Balaesang Peninsula. Villages of Kamonji, Ketang, and Rano."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.1, 119.7]]}",,,bib3543,yes -1356-location-2,1356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""]}",,Spoken on Marimbayu Penin- sula on the southern third of the west coast of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Central Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.,bib7938,no +1356-context-1,1356,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""All speak Indonesian. Most speak Kaili. Some speak Bajau."", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community is multilingual.""}",,,bib3561,yes +1356-context-2,1356,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""15-30 year olds""}",,,bib7963,no +1356-location-1,1356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Island of Sulawesi. Balaesang Peninsula. Villages of Kamonji, Ketang, and Rano."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.1, 119.7]]}",,,bib3561,yes +1356-location-2,1356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""]}",,Spoken on Marimbayu Penin- sula on the southern third of the west coast of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Central Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.,bib7963,no 1356-location-3,1356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1356-speaker_number-1,1356,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1356-speakers-1,1356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1356-speaker_number-2,1356,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3543,yes -1356-speakers-2,1356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3543,yes -1356-speaker_number-3,1356,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1356-speakers-3,1356,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""200""}",,,bib7938,no +1356-speaker_number-2,1356,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3561,yes +1356-speakers-2,1356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3561,yes +1356-speaker_number-3,1356,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1356-speakers-3,1356,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""200""}",,,bib7963,no 1356-speakers-4,1356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1356-LEI-1,1356,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1356-vitality-1,1356,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1356-LEI-2,1356,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -1356-transmission-2,1356,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,yes -1356-domains_of_use-2,1356,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,yes -1356-speaker_number_trends-2,1356,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3543,yes -1356-vitality-2,1356,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes -1356-LEI-3,1356,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1356-transmission-3,1356,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,no -1356-speaker_number_trends-3,1356,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1356-vitality-3,1356,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no -1357-context-1,1357,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaili, Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""some negative""}",,,bib7938,no -1357-location-1,1357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8838, 119.3774]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1357-location-2,1357,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, near the northwestern coast of the main geographical bulk of Sulawesi, between the Lariang and Budong-Budong Rivers.""}",,,bib7938,no +1356-LEI-2,1356,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +1356-transmission-2,1356,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,yes +1356-domains_of_use-2,1356,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,yes +1356-speaker_number_trends-2,1356,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3561,yes +1356-vitality-2,1356,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes +1356-LEI-3,1356,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1356-transmission-3,1356,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,no +1356-speaker_number_trends-3,1356,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1356-vitality-3,1356,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no +1357-context-1,1357,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaili, Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""some negative""}",,,bib7963,no +1357-location-1,1357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8838, 119.3774]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1357-location-2,1357,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, near the northwestern coast of the main geographical bulk of Sulawesi, between the Lariang and Budong-Budong Rivers.""}",,,bib7963,no 1357-location-3,1357,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1357-speaker_number-1,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1357-speakers-1,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1357-speaker_number-2,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1357-speakers-2,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1357-speaker_number-1,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1357-speakers-1,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1357-speaker_number-2,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1357-speakers-2,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1357-speaker_number-3,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1357-speakers-3,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1357-speaker_number-4,1357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987). The language is spoken in ""50 households.""",bib67,no 1357-speakers-4,1357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987). The language is spoken in ""50 households.""",bib67,no -1357-LEI-1,1357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1357-vitality-1,1357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1357-LEI-2,1357,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7938,no -1357-speaker_number_trends-2,1357,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7938,no -1357-vitality-2,1357,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7938,no +1357-LEI-1,1357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1357-vitality-1,1357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1357-LEI-2,1357,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7963,no +1357-speaker_number_trends-2,1357,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7963,no +1357-vitality-2,1357,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Some of its speakers think that the language will die out.,bib7963,no 1357-LEI-3,1357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1357-vitality-3,1357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1357-LEI-4,1357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1357-vitality-4,1357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1358-context-1,1358,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekar, Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1358-location-1,1358,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7263, 132.5582]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1358-location-2,1358,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7938,no +1358-context-1,1358,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekar, Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1358-location-1,1358,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7263, 132.5582]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1358-location-2,1358,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7963,no 1358-location-3,1358,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1358-speaker_number-1,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1358-speakers-1,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1358-speaker_number-2,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1358-speakers-2,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1358-speaker_number-1,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1358-speakers-1,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1358-speaker_number-2,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1358-speakers-2,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1358-speaker_number-3,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1358-speakers-3,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1358-speaker_number-4,1358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1358-speakers-4,1358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1358-LEI-1,1358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1358-vitality-1,1358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1358-LEI-2,1358,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1358-transmission-2,1358,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,no -1358-speaker_number_trends-2,1358,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1358-vitality-2,1358,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1358-LEI-1,1358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1358-vitality-1,1358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1358-LEI-2,1358,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1358-transmission-2,1358,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,no +1358-speaker_number_trends-2,1358,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1358-vitality-2,1358,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1358-LEI-3,1358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1358-vitality-3,1358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1358-LEI-4,1358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1358-vitality-4,1358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1359-context-1,1359,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu; (Southwestern) Mandarin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Broadly speaking, the T’rung see their language as closely bound up with their ethnic identity, but they are grappling with a growing awareness of how severely limited its use is beyond their own villages. The region’s recent development and increasing communication with the wider world have opened up differing viewpoints in the community, especially on the basis of age and gender. Current patterns suggest that language shift will take place if outsiders continue entering and altering the community at the current rate, and that even entirely T’rung villages are starting to use a language variety under heavier and heavier Chinese and Lisu influence."" (p. 92)",bib5870,yes -1359-location-1,1359,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gongshan Nu and Dulong Autonomous County of Yunnan Province""}",,,bib5870,yes +1359-context-1,1359,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu; (Southwestern) Mandarin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Broadly speaking, the T’rung see their language as closely bound up with their ethnic identity, but they are grappling with a growing awareness of how severely limited its use is beyond their own villages. The region’s recent development and increasing communication with the wider world have opened up differing viewpoints in the community, especially on the basis of age and gender. Current patterns suggest that language shift will take place if outsiders continue entering and altering the community at the current rate, and that even entirely T’rung villages are starting to use a language variety under heavier and heavier Chinese and Lisu influence."" (p. 92)",bib5894,yes +1359-location-1,1359,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Gongshan Nu and Dulong Autonomous County of Yunnan Province""}",,,bib5894,yes 1359-location-2,1359,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0, 98.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -1359-location-3,1359,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Gongshan Nu and Dulong Autonomous County, along Nu and Dulong Rivers""}",,,bib5869,no -1359-speaker_number-1,1359,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,almost all ethnic T’rung speak the language to some degree,bib5870,yes -1359-speakers-1,1359,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,426 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,almost all ethnic T’rung speak the language to some degree,bib5870,yes -1359-speaker_number-2,1359,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5869,no -1359-speakers-2,1359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5869,no +1359-location-3,1359,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Gongshan Nu and Dulong Autonomous County, along Nu and Dulong Rivers""}",,,bib5893,no +1359-speaker_number-1,1359,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,almost all ethnic T’rung speak the language to some degree,bib5894,yes +1359-speakers-1,1359,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,426 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,almost all ethnic T’rung speak the language to some degree,bib5894,yes +1359-speaker_number-2,1359,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5893,no +1359-speakers-2,1359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5893,no 1359-speaker_number-3,1359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"95% monolingual. 8,500 in Nu River dialect, 5,500 in Dulong River dialect.",bib67,no 1359-speakers-3,1359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"95% monolingual. 8,500 in Nu River dialect, 5,500 in Dulong River dialect.",bib67,no -1359-LEI-1,1359,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5870,yes -1359-transmission-1,1359,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5870,yes -1359-domains_of_use-1,1359,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5870,yes -1359-speaker_number_trends-1,1359,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5870,yes -1359-vitality-1,1359,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5870,yes -1359-LEI-2,1359,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5869,no -1359-vitality-2,1359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5869,no +1359-LEI-1,1359,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5894,yes +1359-transmission-1,1359,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5894,yes +1359-domains_of_use-1,1359,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5894,yes +1359-speaker_number_trends-1,1359,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5894,yes +1359-vitality-1,1359,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5894,yes +1359-LEI-2,1359,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5893,no +1359-vitality-2,1359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5893,no 1359-LEI-3,1359,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1359-vitality-3,1359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1360-context-1,1360,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1360-location-1,1360,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0748, 130.0918]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1360-location-2,1360,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast of East Seram Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +1360-context-1,1360,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1360-location-1,1360,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0748, 130.0918]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1360-location-2,1360,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the north coast of East Seram Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 1360-location-3,1360,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1360-speaker_number-1,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1360-speakers-1,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1360-speaker_number-2,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1360-speakers-2,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1360-speaker_number-1,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1360-speakers-1,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1360-speaker_number-2,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1360-speakers-2,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1360-speaker_number-3,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1360-speakers-3,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1360-speaker_number-4,1360,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,no 1360-speakers-4,1360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,no -1360-LEI-1,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1360-vitality-1,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1360-LEI-2,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1360-vitality-2,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +1360-LEI-1,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1360-vitality-1,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1360-LEI-2,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1360-vitality-2,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 1360-LEI-3,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1360-vitality-3,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1360-LEI-4,1360,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1360-vitality-4,1360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1361-context-1,1361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Twenty years ago, Behoa was not used in public; now, adults speak it among themselves in public. Behoa became more proud of their language once foreigner linguists started learning it. However, few pass it to their children who they think will do better using the national language. Occasionally some teenagers want to learn Behoa, but this is difficult if they belong to an inter-ethnic family. A monthly church service is hosted in Behoa, where people are also encouraged to wear traditional clothing. It is also used for traditional wedding ceremonies, where cultural leaders gather.""}",,,bib6810,yes -1361-context-2,1361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7938,no -1361-location-1,1361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7163, 120.4211]]}",,,bib5307,no -1361-location-2,1361,location,"{""Places"": [""Sulawesi Province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-1.7163, 120.4211]]}",,,bib6810,yes -1361-location-3,1361,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken somewhat to the east of the centre of the bulk of Sulawesi, near Watutau, to the northwest of Lake Poso.""}",,,bib7938,no +1361-context-1,1361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Twenty years ago, Behoa was not used in public; now, adults speak it among themselves in public. Behoa became more proud of their language once foreigner linguists started learning it. However, few pass it to their children who they think will do better using the national language. Occasionally some teenagers want to learn Behoa, but this is difficult if they belong to an inter-ethnic family. A monthly church service is hosted in Behoa, where people are also encouraged to wear traditional clothing. It is also used for traditional wedding ceremonies, where cultural leaders gather.""}",,,bib6834,yes +1361-context-2,1361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7963,no +1361-location-1,1361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7163, 120.4211]]}",,,bib5330,no +1361-location-2,1361,location,"{""Places"": [""Sulawesi Province, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-1.7163, 120.4211]]}",,,bib6834,yes +1361-location-3,1361,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken somewhat to the east of the centre of the bulk of Sulawesi, near Watutau, to the northwest of Lake Poso.""}",,,bib7963,no 1361-location-4,1361,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1361-speaker_number-1,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1361-speakers-1,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1361-speaker_number-2,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6810,yes -1361-speakers-2,1361,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000 speakers, 5,000 of whom live in the language area"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6810,yes -1361-speaker_number-3,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1361-speakers-3,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1361-speaker_number-1,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1361-speakers-1,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1361-speaker_number-2,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6834,yes +1361-speakers-2,1361,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000 speakers, 5,000 of whom live in the language area"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6834,yes +1361-speaker_number-3,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1361-speakers-3,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1361-speaker_number-4,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1361-speakers-4,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1361-speaker_number-5,1361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no 1361-speakers-5,1361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no -1361-LEI-1,1361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1361-vitality-1,1361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1361-LEI-1,1361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1361-vitality-1,1361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1361-LEI-2,1361,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Percentage of people by age using Behoa: 70-100yo 100%, 50-69yo 100%, 30-49yo 100%, 20-29yo, 75% (most have receptive knowledge), 10-19yo 25% (many understand but reply in Indonesian), 0-9yo 10%. -Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6810,yes +Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6834,yes 1361-transmission-2,1361,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Percentage of people by age using Behoa: 70-100yo 100%, 50-69yo 100%, 30-49yo 100%, 20-29yo, 75% (most have receptive knowledge), 10-19yo 25% (many understand but reply in Indonesian), 0-9yo 10%. -Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6810,yes +Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6834,yes 1361-domains_of_use-2,1361,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Percentage of people by age using Behoa: 70-100yo 100%, 50-69yo 100%, 30-49yo 100%, 20-29yo, 75% (most have receptive knowledge), 10-19yo 25% (many understand but reply in Indonesian), 0-9yo 10%. -Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6810,yes +Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6834,yes 1361-speaker_number_trends-2,1361,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Percentage of people by age using Behoa: 70-100yo 100%, 50-69yo 100%, 30-49yo 100%, 20-29yo, 75% (most have receptive knowledge), 10-19yo 25% (many understand but reply in Indonesian), 0-9yo 10%. -Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6810,yes +Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6834,yes 1361-vitality-2,1361,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Percentage of people by age using Behoa: 70-100yo 100%, 50-69yo 100%, 30-49yo 100%, 20-29yo, 75% (most have receptive knowledge), 10-19yo 25% (many understand but reply in Indonesian), 0-9yo 10%. -Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6810,yes -1361-LEI-3,1361,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1361-transmission-3,1361,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,no -1361-speaker_number_trends-3,1361,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1361-vitality-3,1361,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +Children receive some formal education in Behoa at school, but few parents teach it to their children.",bib6834,yes +1361-LEI-3,1361,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1361-transmission-3,1361,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,no +1361-speaker_number_trends-3,1361,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1361-vitality-3,1361,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1361-LEI-4,1361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1361-vitality-4,1361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1361-LEI-5,1361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1361-vitality-5,1361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1363-context-1,1363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support.""}",,"Indonesian (Malay) is used in church service, in daily life, and most domains. Biak is only used by older generations and generally only at home. There are discussions of Biak schools and Biak church services, but nothing substantial has been done.",bib3499,yes -1363-context-2,1363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7938,no -1363-location-1,1363,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoke in Papua province, on the islands of, Biak (Superiori), Numfor, and along the coast of Yapen. The language is also spoken in various locations (mainly large cities) along the eastern coast of Bird's Head Peninsula."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.036, 136.01], [-0.731, 135.558], [-1.041, 134.892], [-1.765, 136.164], [-0.861, 134.062]]}",,,bib3499,yes +1363-context-1,1363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support.""}",,"Indonesian (Malay) is used in church service, in daily life, and most domains. Biak is only used by older generations and generally only at home. There are discussions of Biak schools and Biak church services, but nothing substantial has been done.",bib3517,yes +1363-context-2,1363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7963,no +1363-location-1,1363,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoke in Papua province, on the islands of, Biak (Superiori), Numfor, and along the coast of Yapen. The language is also spoken in various locations (mainly large cities) along the eastern coast of Bird's Head Peninsula."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.036, 136.01], [-0.731, 135.558], [-1.041, 134.892], [-1.765, 136.164], [-0.861, 134.062]]}",,,bib3517,yes 1363-location-2,1363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, 136.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1363-location-3,1363,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1363-location-4,1363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.3076, 131.2207]]}",,,bib5307,no -1363-location-5,1363,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Biak and Numfor to the north of Cenderawasih Bay and east of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula, and also on numerous small islands east and west of the Bird\u2019s Head, including Mapia Island to the north of the eastern Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7938,no -1363-speaker_number-1,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3499,yes -1363-speakers-1,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3499,yes +1363-location-4,1363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.3076, 131.2207]]}",,,bib5330,no +1363-location-5,1363,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Biak and Numfor to the north of Cenderawasih Bay and east of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula, and also on numerous small islands east and west of the Bird\u2019s Head, including Mapia Island to the north of the eastern Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7963,no +1363-speaker_number-1,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3517,yes +1363-speakers-1,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3517,yes 1363-speaker_number-2,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1363-speakers-2,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1363-speaker_number-3,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1363-speakers-3,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1363-speaker_number-4,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,no -1363-speakers-4,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981, 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100000""}",,,bib7938,no +1363-speaker_number-3,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1363-speakers-3,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1363-speaker_number-4,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,no +1363-speakers-4,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981, 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100000""}",,,bib7963,no 1363-speaker_number-5,1363,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1363-speakers-5,1363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1363-LEI-1,1363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3499,yes -1363-transmission-1,1363,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3499,yes -1363-domains_of_use-1,1363,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3499,yes -1363-speaker_number_trends-1,1363,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3499,yes -1363-vitality-1,1363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3499,yes +1363-LEI-1,1363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3517,yes +1363-transmission-1,1363,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3517,yes +1363-domains_of_use-1,1363,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3517,yes +1363-speaker_number_trends-1,1363,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3517,yes +1363-vitality-1,1363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Biak town, the language is actively used by the generation of 50 years old and older, and even this generation frequently code switches to Malay. The generation of 20-50 has passive knowledge of the language, and hardly ever uses the language actively. Younger people do not have even a passive knowledge of the language.",bib3517,yes 1363-LEI-2,1363,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1363-vitality-2,1363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1363-LEI-3,1363,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1363-vitality-3,1363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1363-LEI-4,1363,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1363-transmission-4,1363,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,no -1363-speaker_number_trends-4,1363,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1363-vitality-4,1363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1363-LEI-3,1363,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1363-vitality-3,1363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1363-LEI-4,1363,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1363-transmission-4,1363,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,no +1363-speaker_number_trends-4,1363,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1363-vitality-4,1363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1363-LEI-5,1363,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1363-vitality-5,1363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1364-context-1,1364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Language preservation efforts not strong although Nlakapmx Tribal Council in Lytton started a language education program and is developing a teaching curriculum.,bib70,no -1364-context-2,1364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +1364-context-2,1364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 1364-location-1,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.36, -121.1]]}",,,bib73,yes -1364-location-2,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2984,no +1364-location-2,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2998,no 1364-location-3,1364,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.75, -121.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1364-location-4,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, south central, Fraser River north of Yale, lower Thompson River and tributaries.""}",,,bib70,no -1364-location-5,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.1909, -120.8431]]}",,,bib5307,no +1364-location-5,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.1909, -120.8431]]}",,,bib5330,no 1364-location-6,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia, in 15 communities: Ashcroft Indian Band Boothroyd Band @@ -8129,120 +8191,120 @@ Shackan Indian Band Siska Indian Band Skuppah Indian Band Spuzzum First Nation -Urban areas, especially Merritt",bib2541,no +Urban areas, especially Merritt",bib2554,no 1364-location-7,1364,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Thompson is spoken along the Fraser River Canyon in southwest British Columbia and along the adjacent Thompson and Nicola Rivers. The principal modern settlements are at Lytton on the -Fraser River and at Lower Nicola and Merritt in Nicola Valley.",bib5217,no +Fraser River and at Lower Nicola and Merritt in Nicola Valley.",bib5240,no 1364-speaker_number-1,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nlakapamux,bib73,yes 1364-speakers-1,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,958"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""154"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,015""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nlakapamux,bib73,yes -1364-speaker_number-2,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1364-speakers-2,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1364-speaker_number-2,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1364-speakers-2,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1364-speaker_number-3,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 1364-speakers-3,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""340""}",,,bib70,no -1364-speaker_number-4,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1364-speakers-4,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1364-speaker_number-5,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -1364-speakers-5,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,349"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""133"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""184""}",,,bib1282,no -1364-speaker_number-6,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1364-speakers-6,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""127"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""339""}",,,bib2541,no -1364-speakers-7,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150""}",,,bib5217,no +1364-speaker_number-4,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1364-speakers-4,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1364-speaker_number-5,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +1364-speakers-5,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,349"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""133"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""184""}",,,bib1291,no +1364-speaker_number-6,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1364-speakers-6,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""127"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""339""}",,,bib2554,no +1364-speakers-7,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150""}",,,bib5240,no 1364-speaker_number-8,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1364-speakers-8,1364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""595"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1364-speaker_number-9,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1364-speakers-9,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""105 fluent and 312 semi-speakers. 517 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""312"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""517""}",,,bib2905,no +1364-speaker_number-9,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1364-speakers-9,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""105 fluent and 312 semi-speakers. 517 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""312"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""517""}",,,bib2919,no 1364-speaker_number-10,1364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,,no 1364-speakers-10,1364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""105 fluent and 312 semi-speakers. 517 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""312"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""517""}",,,,no 1364-LEI-1,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1364-transmission-1,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib73,yes 1364-vitality-1,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib73,yes -1364-LEI-2,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1364-transmission-2,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2984,no -1364-vitality-2,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1364-LEI-2,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1364-transmission-2,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2998,no +1364-vitality-2,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1364-LEI-3,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults. Also use English.,bib70,no 1364-transmission-3,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,Older adults. Also use English.,bib70,no 1364-vitality-3,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults. Also use English.,bib70,no -1364-LEI-4,1364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1364-vitality-4,1364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1364-LEI-5,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1282,no -1364-transmission-5,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1282,no -1364-speaker_number_trends-5,1364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1282,no -1364-vitality-5,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1282,no -1364-LEI-6,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2541,no -1364-transmission-6,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2541,no -1364-speaker_number_trends-6,1364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2541,no -1364-vitality-6,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2541,no -1364-LEI-7,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1364-transmission-7,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,no -1364-vitality-7,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5217,no +1364-LEI-4,1364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1364-vitality-4,1364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1364-LEI-5,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1291,no +1364-transmission-5,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1291,no +1364-speaker_number_trends-5,1364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1291,no +1364-vitality-5,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% Fluent speakers, 2.9% semispeakers, 6.9% active learners",bib1291,no +1364-LEI-6,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2554,no +1364-transmission-6,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2554,no +1364-speaker_number_trends-6,1364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2554,no +1364-vitality-6,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 5.5% semispeakers, 6.6% leaners",bib2554,no +1364-LEI-7,1364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1364-transmission-7,1364,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,no +1364-vitality-7,1364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5240,no 1364-LEI-8,1364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1364-vitality-8,1364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1365-context-1,1365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3543,no -1365-context-2,1365,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1365-location-1,1365,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Sulawesi, in and around Bolano."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.44, 120.954]]}",,,bib3543,no -1365-location-2,1365,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the south coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, in its extreme western part where it joins the narrow neck which links the peninsula to the bulk of Sulawesi, in a single village with about 2,700 inha- bitants, near Borneo.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1365-context-1,1365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3561,no +1365-context-2,1365,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1365-location-1,1365,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Sulawesi, in and around Bolano."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.44, 120.954]]}",,,bib3561,no +1365-location-2,1365,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the south coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, in its extreme western part where it joins the narrow neck which links the peninsula to the bulk of Sulawesi, in a single village with about 2,700 inha- bitants, near Borneo.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1365-location-3,1365,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1365-speaker_number-1,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1365-speakers-1,1365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1365-speaker_number-2,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3543,no -1365-speakers-2,1365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3543,no -1365-speaker_number-3,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -1365-speakers-3,1365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1365-speaker_number-2,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3561,no +1365-speakers-2,1365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3561,no +1365-speaker_number-3,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +1365-speakers-3,1365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1365-speaker_number-4,1365,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1365-speakers-4,1365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1365-LEI-1,1365,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1365-vitality-1,1365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1365-LEI-2,1365,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,no -1365-transmission-2,1365,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,no -1365-domains_of_use-2,1365,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,no -1365-speaker_number_trends-2,1365,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3543,no -1365-vitality-2,1365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,no -1365-LEI-3,1365,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -1365-transmission-3,1365,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -1365-domains_of_use-3,1365,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -1365-speaker_number_trends-3,1365,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -1365-vitality-3,1365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7938,yes +1365-LEI-2,1365,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,no +1365-transmission-2,1365,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,no +1365-domains_of_use-2,1365,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,no +1365-speaker_number_trends-2,1365,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3561,no +1365-vitality-2,1365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,no +1365-LEI-3,1365,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +1365-transmission-3,1365,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +1365-domains_of_use-3,1365,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +1365-speaker_number_trends-3,1365,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +1365-vitality-3,1365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Language of daily use in the village where it is spoken, but children receive their primary education in Indonesian.",bib7963,yes 1365-LEI-4,1365,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1365-vitality-4,1365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1368-context-1,1368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Portuguese is learned as a second language and only used in contact situations.,bib1903,no +1368-context-1,1368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Portuguese is learned as a second language and only used in contact situations.,bib1915,no 1368-context-2,1368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 1368-location-1,1368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.3333333333, -62.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1368-location-2,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Brazil""]}",,,bib2801,no -1368-location-3,1368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5749, -61.5893]]}",,,bib5307,no -1368-location-4,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""eastern Rondonia State, in the\nsouthern part of the Terra Indigena Igarape de Lourdes, in the villages Iterap and Paygap""}",,,bib1903,no +1368-location-2,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Brazil""]}",,,bib2815,no +1368-location-3,1368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5749, -61.5893]]}",,,bib5330,no +1368-location-4,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""eastern Rondonia State, in the\nsouthern part of the Terra Indigena Igarape de Lourdes, in the villages Iterap and Paygap""}",,,bib1915,no 1368-location-5,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib68,no -1368-location-6,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1368-speaker_number-1,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2801,no -1368-speakers-1,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2801,no -1368-speaker_number-2,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1368-speakers-2,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1368-speaker_number-3,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1368-speakers-3,1368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +1368-location-6,1368,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1368-speaker_number-1,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2815,no +1368-speakers-1,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2815,no +1368-speaker_number-2,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1368-speakers-2,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1368-speaker_number-3,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1368-speakers-3,1368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 1368-speaker_number-4,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 1368-speakers-4,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 1368-speaker_number-5,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1368-speakers-5,1368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1368-speaker_number-6,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1368-speakers-6,1368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -1368-LEI-1,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2801,no -1368-vitality-1,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2801,no -1368-LEI-2,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1368-vitality-2,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1368-LEI-3,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1368-vitality-3,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1368-speaker_number-6,1368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1368-speakers-6,1368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +1368-LEI-1,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2815,no +1368-vitality-1,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2815,no +1368-LEI-2,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1368-vitality-2,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1368-LEI-3,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1368-vitality-3,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1368-LEI-4,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken by almost everyone in the two villages,bib68,no 1368-vitality-4,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Spoken by almost everyone in the two villages,bib68,no 1368-LEI-5,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1368-vitality-5,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1368-LEI-6,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1368-vitality-6,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1368-LEI-6,1368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1368-vitality-6,1368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1369-context-1,1369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, English""}",,,bib70,no 1369-location-1,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""In Colombia, Border Cuna: North coast region near Panama isthmus; also in Panama. In Panama, San Blas Cuna: San Blas Islands and on the mainland.""}",,"Kuna, San Blas [cuk]: San Blas islands and on the mainland. Kuna, Border [kvn]: North coast region near Panama isthmus, Antioquia Department, along east and west banks of the Gulf of Uraba; Choco Department, Arquía.",bib67,no 1369-location-2,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Panama""]}",,"For [cuk]: in Panama: Colón province: Guna Yala comarca, Metro Colón; Panama province: Metro Panama City. For [kvn]: in Colombia: Antioquia department: north coast region near Panama isthmus, east and west banks of Gulf of Uraba; Chocó department: Arquía; in Panama: Darien province: Paya and Pucuro villages.",bib70,no -1369-location-3,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""mostly Panama-Colombian border area"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.4, -78.316667]]}",,,bib6904,yes -1369-location-4,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""\""San Blas Islands and on the mainland. Some 10,000 have moved to Panama City, port of Col\u00f3n...The language is also spoken by some 1,000 speakers around the Gulf of Urab\u00e1 in Colombia\"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199-200).""}",,,bib6077,no -1369-location-5,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, along the east and west banks of the Gulf of Urub\u00e1, Dari\u00e9n region, Department of Antioquia: Caiman Nuevo, Neocl\u00ed; Department of Choc\u00f3: Arqu\u00eda.""}",,,bib1903,no +1369-location-3,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""mostly Panama-Colombian border area"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.4, -78.316667]]}",,,bib6928,yes +1369-location-4,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""\""San Blas Islands and on the mainland. Some 10,000 have moved to Panama City, port of Col\u00f3n...The language is also spoken by some 1,000 speakers around the Gulf of Urab\u00e1 in Colombia\"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199-200).""}",,,bib6101,no +1369-location-5,1369,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, along the east and west banks of the Gulf of Urub\u00e1, Dari\u00e9n region, Department of Antioquia: Caiman Nuevo, Neocl\u00ed; Department of Choc\u00f3: Arqu\u00eda.""}",,,bib1915,no 1369-speaker_number-1,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Kuna languages, which others do not. They are: Kuna, Border [kvn] 1,200 (500 in Panama) (1990). Kuna, San Blas [cuk] 57,100 (2000)",bib67,no @@ -8252,594 +8314,594 @@ Kuna, San Blas [cuk] 57,100 (2000)",bib67,no 1369-speakers-2,1369,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2000 ([cuk]), 2012 ([kvn])""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Cuna languages: Kuna, San Blas [cuk] 57,100, ethnic population 80,500. Kuna, Border [kvn] 3500 (2600 in Colombia, 900 in Panama)",bib70,no -1369-speaker_number-3,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6904,yes -1369-speakers-3,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6904,yes -1369-speaker_number-4,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6077,no -1369-speakers-4,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6077,no -1369-speakers-5,1369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,170""}",,"1,170 Cuna in Colombia, more in Panama.",bib1903,no +1369-speaker_number-3,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6928,yes +1369-speakers-3,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6928,yes +1369-speaker_number-4,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6101,no +1369-speakers-4,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6101,no +1369-speakers-5,1369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,170""}",,"1,170 Cuna in Colombia, more in Panama.",bib1915,no 1369-speaker_number-6,1369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1369-speakers-6,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,114"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1369-speaker_number-7,1369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib314,no 1369-speakers-7,1369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib314,no 1369-LEI-1,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1369-vitality-1,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1369-LEI-2,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6904,yes -1369-vitality-2,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6904,yes -1369-LEI-3,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -1369-vitality-3,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no +1369-LEI-2,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6928,yes +1369-vitality-2,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6928,yes +1369-LEI-3,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +1369-vitality-3,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no 1369-LEI-4,1369,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1369-vitality-4,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1369-LEI-5,1369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib314,no 1369-vitality-5,1369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib314,no -1370-context-1,1370,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The number of speakers is lessening, with Kriol taking over.",bib7937,no +1370-context-1,1370,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The number of speakers is lessening, with Kriol taking over.",bib7962,no 1370-location-1,1370,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1370-location-2,1370,location,"{""Places"": [""Kimberley Region, western Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern central Kimberley Region""}",,,bib6985,yes -1370-location-3,1370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.601517, 125.536117]]}",,,bib7945,no -1370-speaker_number-1,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1370-speakers-1,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1370-location-2,1370,location,"{""Places"": [""Kimberley Region, western Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern central Kimberley Region""}",,,bib7009,yes +1370-location-3,1370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.601517, 125.536117]]}",,,bib7970,no +1370-speaker_number-1,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1370-speakers-1,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1370-speaker_number-2,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,82 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 1370-speakers-2,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,82 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 1370-speaker_number-3,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1370-speakers-3,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -1370-speaker_number-4,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Nowadays, however, only about a dozen of elderly speakers use it as their preferred language and Ngarinyin is no longer passed on to children.",bib6985,yes -1370-speakers-4,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Nowadays, however, only about a dozen of elderly speakers use it as their preferred language and Ngarinyin is no longer passed on to children.",bib6985,yes -1370-speaker_number-5,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1370-speakers-5,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1370-speaker_number-4,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Nowadays, however, only about a dozen of elderly speakers use it as their preferred language and Ngarinyin is no longer passed on to children.",bib7009,yes +1370-speakers-4,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Nowadays, however, only about a dozen of elderly speakers use it as their preferred language and Ngarinyin is no longer passed on to children.",bib7009,yes +1370-speaker_number-5,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1370-speakers-5,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1370-speaker_number-6,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1370-speakers-6,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1370-speaker_number-7,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -1370-speakers-7,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<82"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -1370-LEI-1,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1370-vitality-1,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1370-speaker_number-7,1370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +1370-speakers-7,1370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<82"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +1370-LEI-1,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1370-vitality-1,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1370-LEI-2,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1370-vitality-2,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1370-LEI-3,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1370-vitality-3,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1370-LEI-4,1370,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6985,yes -1370-transmission-4,1370,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6985,yes -1370-vitality-4,1370,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6985,yes -1370-LEI-5,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1370-vitality-5,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1370-LEI-4,1370,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7009,yes +1370-transmission-4,1370,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7009,yes +1370-vitality-4,1370,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7009,yes +1370-LEI-5,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1370-vitality-5,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1370-LEI-6,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1370-vitality-6,1370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1370-LEI-7,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -1370-speaker_number_trends-7,1370,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7937,no -1370-vitality-7,1370,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,no -1371-context-1,1371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tayo (Creole)""}",,,bib6229,no -1371-location-1,1371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.249569, 166.821594]]}",,,bib7945,no +1370-LEI-7,1370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +1370-speaker_number_trends-7,1370,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7962,no +1370-vitality-7,1370,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,no +1371-context-1,1371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tayo (Creole)""}",,,bib6253,no +1371-location-1,1371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.249569, 166.821594]]}",,,bib7970,no 1371-location-2,1371,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the south of Grande Terre.""}",,,bib20,yes -1371-location-3,1371,location,"{""Places"": [""southernmost New Caledonia""]}",,,bib6229,no +1371-location-3,1371,location,"{""Places"": [""southernmost New Caledonia""]}",,,bib6253,no 1371-speaker_number-1,1371,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib20,yes 1371-speakers-1,1371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,814"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib20,yes -1371-speaker_number-2,1371,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6229,no -1371-speakers-2,1371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,814"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6229,no +1371-speaker_number-2,1371,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6253,no +1371-speakers-2,1371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,814"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6253,no 1371-speaker_number-3,1371,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 1371-speakers-3,1371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 1371-LEI-1,1371,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,yes 1371-vitality-1,1371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,yes -1371-LEI-2,1371,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6229,no -1371-vitality-2,1371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6229,no +1371-LEI-2,1371,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6253,no +1371-vitality-2,1371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6253,no 1371-LEI-3,1371,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1371-vitality-3,1371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1372-location-1,1372,location,"{""Places"": [""Manus Island, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Island is approx. 200 miles off the north coast of Papua New Guinea mainland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.05, 147.4]]}",,,bib1738,yes +1372-location-1,1372,location,"{""Places"": [""Manus Island, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Island is approx. 200 miles off the north coast of Papua New Guinea mainland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.05, 147.4]]}",,,bib1750,yes 1372-location-2,1372,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no 1372-speaker_number-1,1372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1372-speakers-1,1372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1372-speaker_number-2,1372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1738,yes -1372-speakers-2,1372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1738,yes +1372-speaker_number-2,1372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1750,yes +1372-speakers-2,1372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1750,yes 1372-speaker_number-3,1372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lincoln (1977).,bib67,no 1372-speakers-3,1372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lincoln (1977).,bib67,no 1372-LEI-1,1372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1372-vitality-1,1372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1372-LEI-2,1372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1738,yes -1372-vitality-2,1372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1738,yes +1372-LEI-2,1372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1750,yes +1372-vitality-2,1372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1750,yes 1372-LEI-3,1372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1372-vitality-3,1372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1373-location-1,1373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab and Aitape districts, Fas, Fugumui, Kilifas, Utai, and Wara Mayu villages.""}",,,bib69,no -1373-location-2,1373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Samararu, Sumumini, Yo, Onei, Fas No. 2, Fas No. 3, Fugari, Fugumui, Kilifas (Fas No. 1), Nebike, Tamina No. 1, Tamina No. 2, Aiamina, Finamoi, Utai, Mori No. 1, Mumuru, Nebike, and Savamui.""}",,,bib4545,no +1373-location-2,1373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""19 villages: Samararu, Sumumini, Yo, Onei, Fas No. 2, Fas No. 3, Fugari, Fugumui, Kilifas (Fas No. 1), Nebike, Tamina No. 1, Tamina No. 2, Aiamina, Finamoi, Utai, Mori No. 1, Mumuru, Nebike, and Savamui.""}",,,bib4566,no 1373-location-3,1373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 141.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no -1373-location-4,1373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: speakers are \""spread across 19 villages\""."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.197, 141.373]]}",,,bib3634,yes +1373-location-4,1373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province: speakers are \""spread across 19 villages\""."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.197, 141.373]]}",,,bib3653,yes 1373-speaker_number-1,1373,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 1373-speakers-1,1373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -1373-speaker_number-2,1373,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -1373-speakers-2,1373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,597"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -1373-speaker_number-3,1373,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3634,yes -1373-speakers-3,1373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3634,yes +1373-speaker_number-2,1373,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +1373-speakers-2,1373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,597"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +1373-speaker_number-3,1373,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3653,yes +1373-speakers-3,1373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3653,yes 1373-LEI-1,1373,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1373-vitality-1,1373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1373-LEI-2,1373,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -1373-vitality-2,1373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -1373-LEI-3,1373,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3634,yes -1373-vitality-3,1373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3634,yes -1374-context-1,1374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malfaxal (Naha\u2019ai), Bislama""}",,Language is under pressure from Malfaxal (Naha’ai) and Bislama,bib7938,no -1374-location-1,1374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.498397, 167.471161]]}",,,bib7945,no +1373-LEI-2,1373,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +1373-vitality-2,1373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +1373-LEI-3,1373,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3653,yes +1373-vitality-3,1373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3653,yes +1374-context-1,1374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malfaxal (Naha\u2019ai), Bislama""}",,Language is under pressure from Malfaxal (Naha’ai) and Bislama,bib7963,no +1374-location-1,1374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.498397, 167.471161]]}",,,bib7970,no 1374-location-2,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Malekula Island""}",,,bib67,no -1374-location-3,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""South West Bay area of Malakula, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2167,yes -1374-location-4,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.523057, 167.452727]]}",,,bib395,no -1374-location-5,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2168,no -1374-location-6,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwest coast""}",,,bib6272,no -1374-location-7,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7938,no +1374-location-3,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""South West Bay area of Malakula, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2180,yes +1374-location-4,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.523057, 167.452727]]}",,,bib396,no +1374-location-5,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2181,no +1374-location-6,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwest coast""}",,,bib6296,no +1374-location-7,1374,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7963,no 1374-speaker_number-1,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 1374-speakers-1,1374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""355"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -1374-speaker_number-2,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2167,yes -1374-speakers-2,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2167,yes -1374-speaker_number-3,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -1374-speakers-3,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -1374-speaker_number-4,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2168,no -1374-speakers-4,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2168,no -1374-speaker_number-5,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6272,no -1374-speakers-5,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6272,no -1374-speaker_number-6,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1374-speakers-6,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1374-speaker_number-2,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2180,yes +1374-speakers-2,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2180,yes +1374-speaker_number-3,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +1374-speakers-3,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +1374-speaker_number-4,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2181,no +1374-speakers-4,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2181,no +1374-speaker_number-5,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6296,no +1374-speakers-5,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6296,no +1374-speaker_number-6,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1374-speakers-6,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1374-speaker_number-7,1374,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1374-speakers-7,1374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1374-LEI-1,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1374-vitality-1,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1374-LEI-2,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2167,yes -1374-vitality-2,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2167,yes -1374-LEI-3,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -1374-vitality-3,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -1374-LEI-4,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2168,no -1374-vitality-4,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2168,no -1374-LEI-5,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6272,no -1374-vitality-5,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6272,no -1374-LEI-6,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1374-vitality-6,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +1374-LEI-2,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2180,yes +1374-vitality-2,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2180,yes +1374-LEI-3,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +1374-vitality-3,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +1374-LEI-4,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2181,no +1374-vitality-4,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2181,no +1374-LEI-5,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6296,no +1374-vitality-5,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6296,no +1374-LEI-6,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1374-vitality-6,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 1374-LEI-7,1374,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1374-vitality-7,1374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1375-location-1,1375,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.33333333333, -63.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1375-location-2,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Papiu, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.650011, -63.15385]]}",,,bib2618,no +1375-location-2,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Papiu, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.650011, -63.15385]]}",,,bib2631,no 1375-location-3,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Roraima, Waicá post, Uraricuera river; Amazonas, Toototobi post; Roraima, Catrimani River",bib67,no -1375-location-4,1375,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3818, -63.8085]]}",,,bib5307,no -1375-location-5,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Venezuela, Amazonas State, headwaters of the Upper Parima and\nOrinoco rivers area.\n\nBrazil, Roraima State and northern Amazonas State, Terra Indigena\nYanomami.""}",,,bib1903,no -1375-location-6,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1375-speaker_number-1,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2618,no -1375-speakers-1,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2618,no +1375-location-4,1375,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3818, -63.8085]]}",,,bib5330,no +1375-location-5,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Venezuela, Amazonas State, headwaters of the Upper Parima and\nOrinoco rivers area.\n\nBrazil, Roraima State and northern Amazonas State, Terra Indigena\nYanomami.""}",,,bib1915,no +1375-location-6,1375,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1375-speaker_number-1,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2631,no +1375-speakers-1,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2631,no 1375-speaker_number-2,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (SIL 1994). ISA (2000) gives 11,700 for all Yanomam groups in Brazil 6,000 (Moore 2006). (2016.)",bib67,no 1375-speakers-2,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (SIL 1994). ISA (2000) gives 11,700 for all Yanomam groups in Brazil 6,000 (Moore 2006). (2016.)",bib67,no -1375-speaker_number-3,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1375-speakers-3,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1375-speaker_number-4,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1375-speakers-4,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1375-speaker_number-3,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1375-speakers-3,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1375-speaker_number-4,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1375-speakers-4,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1375-speaker_number-5,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1375-speakers-5,1375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1375-speaker_number-6,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela, where it is known as Yanomae.",bib1902,yes -1375-speakers-6,1375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela, where it is known as Yanomae.",bib1902,yes -1375-LEI-1,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2618,no -1375-vitality-1,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2618,no +1375-speaker_number-6,1375,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela, where it is known as Yanomae.",bib1914,yes +1375-speakers-6,1375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela, where it is known as Yanomae.",bib1914,yes +1375-LEI-1,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2631,no +1375-vitality-1,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2631,no 1375-LEI-2,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1375-vitality-2,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1375-LEI-3,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1375-vitality-3,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1375-LEI-4,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1375-vitality-4,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1375-LEI-3,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1375-vitality-3,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1375-LEI-4,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1375-vitality-4,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1375-LEI-5,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1375-vitality-5,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1375-LEI-6,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1375-vitality-6,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1376-context-1,1376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dinka""}",,"Thok Reel is under threat from increasing use of Dinka, a language spoken by approximately 1.5 million people.",bib6211,yes -1376-location-1,1376,location,"{""Places"": [""southern Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Lakes State, Yirol West"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.557, 30.504]]}",,,bib6211,yes -1376-speaker_number-1,1376,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6211,yes -1376-speakers-1,1376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6211,yes +1375-LEI-6,1375,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1375-vitality-6,1375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1376-context-1,1376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dinka""}",,"Thok Reel is under threat from increasing use of Dinka, a language spoken by approximately 1.5 million people.",bib6235,yes +1376-location-1,1376,location,"{""Places"": [""southern Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Lakes State, Yirol West"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.557, 30.504]]}",,,bib6235,yes +1376-speaker_number-1,1376,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6235,yes +1376-speakers-1,1376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6235,yes 1376-speaker_number-2,1376,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1376-speakers-2,1376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1376-LEI-1,1376,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6211,yes -1376-vitality-1,1376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6211,yes +1376-LEI-1,1376,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6235,yes +1376-vitality-1,1376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6235,yes 1376-LEI-2,1376,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1376-vitality-2,1376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1377-context-1,1377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are bilingual in Kriol, the English-based pidgin lingua franca. ",bib5309,no +1377-context-1,1377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are bilingual in Kriol, the English-based pidgin lingua franca. ",bib5332,no 1377-location-1,1377,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1377-location-2,1377,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.69568213, 130.0045992]]}",,"-17.1156473,129.2243998 for the Malngin variety.",bib1182,no -1377-location-3,1377,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Northern Territory, Australia. Victoria River and Wave Hill, Kalkaringi.""]}",,,bib5309,no -1377-speaker_number-1,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -1377-speakers-1,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +1377-location-2,1377,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.69568213, 130.0045992]]}",,"-17.1156473,129.2243998 for the Malngin variety.",bib1191,no +1377-location-3,1377,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Northern Territory, Australia. Victoria River and Wave Hill, Kalkaringi.""]}",,,bib5332,no +1377-speaker_number-1,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +1377-speakers-1,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 1377-speaker_number-2,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1377-speakers-2,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""540"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,,bib67,no 1377-speaker_number-3,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,12 speakers of the Malngin variety.,bib34,no 1377-speakers-3,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""592"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,12 speakers of the Malngin variety.,bib34,no -1377-speaker_number-4,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1377-speakers-4,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes +1377-speaker_number-4,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1377-speakers-4,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes 1377-speaker_number-5,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1377-speakers-5,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1377-speaker_number-6,1377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib16,no 1377-speakers-6,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib16,no -1377-speaker_number-7,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 250 fluent first language speakers were reported, with a total of 400 including partial speakers.",bib5309,no -1377-speakers-7,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<150""}",,"In 1983, 250 fluent first language speakers were reported, with a total of 400 including partial speakers.",bib5309,no -1377-LEI-1,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1377-vitality-1,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1377-speaker_number-7,1377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 250 fluent first language speakers were reported, with a total of 400 including partial speakers.",bib5332,no +1377-speakers-7,1377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<150""}",,"In 1983, 250 fluent first language speakers were reported, with a total of 400 including partial speakers.",bib5332,no +1377-LEI-1,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1377-vitality-1,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1377-LEI-2,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1377-vitality-2,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1377-LEI-3,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1377-vitality-3,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1377-LEI-4,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1377-vitality-4,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +1377-LEI-4,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1377-vitality-4,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 1377-LEI-5,1377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1377-vitality-5,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1377-LEI-6,1377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib16,no 1377-vitality-6,1377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib16,no -1377-LEI-7,1377,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -1377-transmission-7,1377,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -1377-domains_of_use-7,1377,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -1377-speaker_number_trends-7,1377,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -1377-vitality-7,1377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -1378-context-1,1378,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Milang rituals and songs are generally conducted in Padam""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Padam;""}",,"A majority of contemporary Milang are fully bilingual in Padam, and those who emigrate from the Milang area typically adopt Padam in preference to Milang. Significant numbers of Milang speak no second language other than Padam (i.e. they do not speak Hindi, Assamese, or English). (pg. 9)",bib6004,yes -1378-location-1,1378,location,"{""Places"": [""Arunachal Pradesh, India""], ""Description"": ""far north-east of Arunachal Pradesh"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.431389, 95.041667]]}",,,bib5224,no -1378-location-2,1378,location,"{""Description"": ""There are 3 traditional Milang villages in Aranuchal Pradesh today. \""Milang\"" is the largest of the three, and is the only village connected to the outside world via a vehicle track. \""Dalbuing\"" is the second largest of the Milang villages, situated to the northwest of Milang village, and connected to it via a footpath. The smallest of the Milang villages is \""Peki Modi\"", situated to the Northeast of Milang. Peki Modi is connected to Milang (but not to Dalbuing) only via a challenging mountain footpath. In addition to theses three traditional Milang villages, there are approximately 500 Milang emigrants living primarily in and around Pasighat and Roing, outside of the Milang area. (pg. 4)""}",,,bib6004,yes -1378-speaker_number-1,1378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5224,no -1378-speakers-1,1378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5224,no -1378-speaker_number-2,1378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Roughly 1,000 speakers in Milang village, 500 in Dalbuing village, and 150 in Peki Modi village. In addition, there are roughly 500 Milang emigrants found outside of the Milang area, primarily in and around Pasighat (Capital of East Siang district) and Roing (capital of Lower Dibang Valley district). (pg. 4)",bib6004,yes -1378-speakers-2,1378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Roughly 1,000 speakers in Milang village, 500 in Dalbuing village, and 150 in Peki Modi village. In addition, there are roughly 500 Milang emigrants found outside of the Milang area, primarily in and around Pasighat (Capital of East Siang district) and Roing (capital of Lower Dibang Valley district). (pg. 4)",bib6004,yes -1378-LEI-1,1378,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5224,no -1378-vitality-1,1378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5224,no -1378-LEI-2,1378,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6004,yes -1378-transmission-2,1378,transmission,0,transmission-0,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6004,yes -1378-domains_of_use-2,1378,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6004,yes -1378-vitality-2,1378,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6004,yes -1379-context-1,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All the Shabo speak Majang while only a few of the Majang speak Shabo,bib6944,no -1379-context-2,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang, Shekinnono, Kaffinono Amharic, Oromifa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib2874,no -1379-context-3,1379,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Since the Shabos are scattered amongst the Majangir and Shekkacho people, almost all of them are multilingual with the languages spoken by these groups.",bib7430,yes -1379-context-4,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang, Shakacho""}",,,bib7615,no -1379-location-1,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia, southwestern part. The Shabo live scattered among the Majang""}",,,bib6944,no -1379-location-2,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""The Shabu live between Shekicho zone of Southern Nations and Nationalities and Peoples Region and Mejang zone of Gambela Regional government.""}",,,bib2872,no +1377-LEI-7,1377,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +1377-transmission-7,1377,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +1377-domains_of_use-7,1377,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +1377-speaker_number_trends-7,1377,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +1377-vitality-7,1377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Today the speaker numbers are lower, especially because the children only use Kriol. However, language maintenance activities are being undertake. The language is potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +1378-context-1,1378,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Milang rituals and songs are generally conducted in Padam""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Padam;""}",,"A majority of contemporary Milang are fully bilingual in Padam, and those who emigrate from the Milang area typically adopt Padam in preference to Milang. Significant numbers of Milang speak no second language other than Padam (i.e. they do not speak Hindi, Assamese, or English). (pg. 9)",bib6028,yes +1378-location-1,1378,location,"{""Places"": [""Arunachal Pradesh, India""], ""Description"": ""far north-east of Arunachal Pradesh"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.431389, 95.041667]]}",,,bib5247,no +1378-location-2,1378,location,"{""Description"": ""There are 3 traditional Milang villages in Aranuchal Pradesh today. \""Milang\"" is the largest of the three, and is the only village connected to the outside world via a vehicle track. \""Dalbuing\"" is the second largest of the Milang villages, situated to the northwest of Milang village, and connected to it via a footpath. The smallest of the Milang villages is \""Peki Modi\"", situated to the Northeast of Milang. Peki Modi is connected to Milang (but not to Dalbuing) only via a challenging mountain footpath. In addition to theses three traditional Milang villages, there are approximately 500 Milang emigrants living primarily in and around Pasighat and Roing, outside of the Milang area. (pg. 4)""}",,,bib6028,yes +1378-speaker_number-1,1378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5247,no +1378-speakers-1,1378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5247,no +1378-speaker_number-2,1378,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Roughly 1,000 speakers in Milang village, 500 in Dalbuing village, and 150 in Peki Modi village. In addition, there are roughly 500 Milang emigrants found outside of the Milang area, primarily in and around Pasighat (Capital of East Siang district) and Roing (capital of Lower Dibang Valley district). (pg. 4)",bib6028,yes +1378-speakers-2,1378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Roughly 1,000 speakers in Milang village, 500 in Dalbuing village, and 150 in Peki Modi village. In addition, there are roughly 500 Milang emigrants found outside of the Milang area, primarily in and around Pasighat (Capital of East Siang district) and Roing (capital of Lower Dibang Valley district). (pg. 4)",bib6028,yes +1378-LEI-1,1378,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5247,no +1378-vitality-1,1378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5247,no +1378-LEI-2,1378,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6028,yes +1378-transmission-2,1378,transmission,0,transmission-0,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6028,yes +1378-domains_of_use-2,1378,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6028,yes +1378-vitality-2,1378,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Milang is learned as a first language by a majority of Milang children. (pg. 8),bib6028,yes +1379-context-1,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All the Shabo speak Majang while only a few of the Majang speak Shabo,bib6968,no +1379-context-2,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang, Shekinnono, Kaffinono Amharic, Oromifa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib2888,no +1379-context-3,1379,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Since the Shabos are scattered amongst the Majangir and Shekkacho people, almost all of them are multilingual with the languages spoken by these groups.",bib7454,yes +1379-context-4,1379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Majang, Shakacho""}",,,bib7640,no +1379-location-1,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia, southwestern part. The Shabo live scattered among the Majang""}",,,bib6968,no +1379-location-2,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""The Shabu live between Shekicho zone of Southern Nations and Nationalities and Peoples Region and Mejang zone of Gambela Regional government.""}",,,bib2886,no 1379-location-3,1379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.58333333333, 35.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1379-location-4,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -1379-location-5,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""The Chabu inhabit in southwestern highlands of Ethiopia. In a recent administrative reform, they have been placed between the Sheka Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Regional State (SNNPR) and Majang zone of Gambella regional state."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.15, 35.3255]]}",,,bib2874,no -1379-location-6,1379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.327, 35.2935]]}",,,bib5307,no -1379-location-7,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwestern Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Around the Sheka Forest in Southwestern Ethiopia""}",,,bib7430,yes -1379-location-8,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwestern Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7615,no -1379-speakers-1,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Some""}",,Unseth (1984) was able to interview some younger Shabo-speaking people (approximately 20 years old). These people had some remnant knowledge of Shabo. Whether there were still (older) people who had or have a good command of the language is not clear.,bib6944,no -1379-speaker_number-2,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The total population of the Shabu, like many of the indigenous people of the region, is not clearly known. It varies from 400 (2000 M. Brenzinger) to 1867 (2007 census); out of a large ethnic population, it is constantly decreasing.",bib2872,no -1379-speakers-2,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,867"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The total population of the Shabu, like many of the indigenous people of the region, is not clearly known. It varies from 400 (2000 M. Brenzinger) to 1867 (2007 census); out of a large ethnic population, it is constantly decreasing.",bib2872,no +1379-location-5,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""The Chabu inhabit in southwestern highlands of Ethiopia. In a recent administrative reform, they have been placed between the Sheka Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Regional State (SNNPR) and Majang zone of Gambella regional state."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.15, 35.3255]]}",,,bib2888,no +1379-location-6,1379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.327, 35.2935]]}",,,bib5330,no +1379-location-7,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwestern Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Around the Sheka Forest in Southwestern Ethiopia""}",,,bib7454,yes +1379-location-8,1379,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwestern Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7640,no +1379-speakers-1,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Some""}",,Unseth (1984) was able to interview some younger Shabo-speaking people (approximately 20 years old). These people had some remnant knowledge of Shabo. Whether there were still (older) people who had or have a good command of the language is not clear.,bib6968,no +1379-speaker_number-2,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The total population of the Shabu, like many of the indigenous people of the region, is not clearly known. It varies from 400 (2000 M. Brenzinger) to 1867 (2007 census); out of a large ethnic population, it is constantly decreasing.",bib2886,no +1379-speakers-2,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,867"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The total population of the Shabu, like many of the indigenous people of the region, is not clearly known. It varies from 400 (2000 M. Brenzinger) to 1867 (2007 census); out of a large ethnic population, it is constantly decreasing.",bib2886,no 1379-speaker_number-3,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Ethnic population: 600 or more (2000)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Brenzinger (2000).",bib67,no 1379-speakers-3,1379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Ethnic population: 600 or more (2000)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Brenzinger (2000).",bib67,no -1379-speaker_number-4,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2874,no -1379-speakers-4,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2874,no -1379-speaker_number-5,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1379-speakers-5,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1379-speaker_number-6,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken by about 600 (probably less) people.,bib7430,yes -1379-speakers-6,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken by about 600 (probably less) people.,bib7430,yes +1379-speaker_number-4,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2888,no +1379-speakers-4,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2888,no +1379-speaker_number-5,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1379-speakers-5,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1379-speaker_number-6,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken by about 600 (probably less) people.,bib7454,yes +1379-speakers-6,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken by about 600 (probably less) people.,bib7454,yes 1379-speaker_number-7,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1379-speakers-7,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1379-speaker_number-8,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5358,no -1379-speakers-8,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5358,no -1379-speaker_number-9,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -1379-speakers-9,1379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -1379-LEI-1,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2872,no -1379-vitality-1,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2872,no +1379-speaker_number-8,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5381,no +1379-speakers-8,1379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5381,no +1379-speaker_number-9,1379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +1379-speakers-9,1379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +1379-LEI-1,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2886,no +1379-vitality-1,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2886,no 1379-LEI-2,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1379-vitality-2,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1379-LEI-3,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2874,no -1379-vitality-3,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2874,no -1379-LEI-4,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1379-vitality-4,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1379-LEI-5,1379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7430,yes -1379-transmission-5,1379,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7430,yes -1379-domains_of_use-5,1379,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7430,yes -1379-vitality-5,1379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7430,yes +1379-LEI-3,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2888,no +1379-vitality-3,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2888,no +1379-LEI-4,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1379-vitality-4,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1379-LEI-5,1379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7454,yes +1379-transmission-5,1379,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7454,yes +1379-domains_of_use-5,1379,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7454,yes +1379-vitality-5,1379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is still used in some of the daily life domains, but only a few children of the ethnic group are acquiring it as their mother tongue.",bib7454,yes 1379-LEI-6,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1379-vitality-6,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1379-LEI-7,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5358,no -1379-vitality-7,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5358,no -1379-LEI-8,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -1379-vitality-8,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -1380-context-2,1380,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib6575,yes -1380-location-1,1380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1908, 87.3358]]}",,,bib5307,no -1380-location-2,1380,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasawa District""}",,,bib6575,yes +1379-LEI-7,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5381,no +1379-vitality-7,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5381,no +1379-LEI-8,1379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +1379-vitality-8,1379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +1380-context-2,1380,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib6599,yes +1380-location-1,1380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1908, 87.3358]]}",,,bib5330,no +1380-location-2,1380,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasawa District""}",,,bib6599,yes 1380-location-3,1380,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1380-speaker_number-1,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1380-speakers-1,1380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,648"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1380-speaker_number-2,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6575,yes -1380-speakers-2,1380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6575,yes +1380-speaker_number-1,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1380-speakers-1,1380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,648"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1380-speaker_number-2,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6599,yes +1380-speakers-2,1380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6599,yes 1380-speaker_number-3,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1380-speakers-3,1380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,648"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1380-speaker_number-4,1380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,600 in Nepal (2001 census)",bib67,no 1380-speakers-4,1380,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,003"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,410"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,600 in Nepal (2001 census)",bib67,no -1380-LEI-1,1380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1380-vitality-1,1380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1380-LEI-2,1380,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6575,yes -1380-transmission-2,1380,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6575,yes -1380-vitality-2,1380,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6575,yes +1380-LEI-1,1380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1380-vitality-1,1380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1380-LEI-2,1380,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6599,yes +1380-transmission-2,1380,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6599,yes +1380-vitality-2,1380,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6599,yes 1380-LEI-3,1380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1380-vitality-3,1380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1380-LEI-4,1380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1380-vitality-4,1380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1381-context-1,1381,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Abui is banned in schools. Here, the language of instruction is strictly Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-context-2,1381,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local variety of Malay""}",,,bib662,no -1381-location-1,1381,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Alor island""}",,,bib4318,yes +1381-context-1,1381,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Abui is banned in schools. Here, the language of instruction is strictly Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-context-2,1381,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local variety of Malay""}",,,bib666,no +1381-location-1,1381,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Alor island""}",,,bib4339,yes 1381-location-2,1381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.25, 124.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1381-location-3,1381,location,"{""Places"": [""Alor island, southeastern Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""central Alor""}",,,bib662,no -1381-speaker_number-1,1381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4318,yes -1381-speakers-1,1381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4318,yes -1381-speaker_number-2,1381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib662,no -1381-speakers-2,1381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib662,no +1381-location-3,1381,location,"{""Places"": [""Alor island, southeastern Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""central Alor""}",,,bib666,no +1381-speaker_number-1,1381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4339,yes +1381-speakers-1,1381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4339,yes +1381-speaker_number-2,1381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib666,no +1381-speakers-2,1381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib666,no 1381-speaker_number-3,1381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 1381-speakers-3,1381,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no -1381-LEI-1,1381,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-transmission-1,1381,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-domains_of_use-1,1381,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-speaker_number_trends-1,1381,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-vitality-1,1381,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4318,yes -1381-LEI-2,1381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib662,no -1381-vitality-2,1381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib662,no +1381-LEI-1,1381,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-transmission-1,1381,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-domains_of_use-1,1381,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-speaker_number_trends-1,1381,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-vitality-1,1381,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The linguistic situation varies from village to village. Those that reside closer to the shore and coastal markets use Malay with much greater frequency than those that reside further inland. In coastal areas, Abui children are brought up speaking Malay, and they do not learn Abui until they are older. The opposite is true in inland communities, where children are often monolingual in Abui until about age five, when they learn Malay.",bib4339,yes +1381-LEI-2,1381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib666,no +1381-vitality-2,1381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib666,no 1381-LEI-3,1381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1381-vitality-3,1381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1382-location-1,1382,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1382-location-2,1382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.003433, 133.072831]]}",,,bib7945,no -1382-location-3,1382,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Arnhem Land, Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""The community Minjilang on Croker Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-11.149603, 132.576973]]}",,,bib4852,yes +1382-location-2,1382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.003433, 133.072831]]}",,,bib7970,no +1382-location-3,1382,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Arnhem Land, Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""The community Minjilang on Croker Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-11.149603, 132.576973]]}",,,bib4874,yes 1382-speaker_number-1,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 1382-speakers-1,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no 1382-speaker_number-2,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 1382-speakers-2,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -1382-speaker_number-3,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3333,no -1382-speakers-3,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<5""}",,,bib3333,no -1382-speaker_number-4,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4852,yes -1382-speakers-4,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4852,yes +1382-speaker_number-3,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3350,no +1382-speakers-3,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<5""}",,,bib3350,no +1382-speaker_number-4,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4874,yes +1382-speakers-4,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4874,yes 1382-speaker_number-5,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1382-speakers-5,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1382-speaker_number-6,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -1382-speakers-6,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no +1382-speaker_number-6,1382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +1382-speakers-6,1382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no 1382-LEI-1,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1382-vitality-1,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1382-LEI-2,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1382-vitality-2,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1382-LEI-3,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,no -1382-vitality-3,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3333,no -1382-LEI-4,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4852,yes -1382-vitality-4,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4852,yes +1382-LEI-3,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,no +1382-vitality-3,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3350,no +1382-LEI-4,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4874,yes +1382-vitality-4,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4874,yes 1382-LEI-5,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1382-vitality-5,1382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1382-LEI-6,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -1382-transmission-6,1382,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -1382-vitality-6,1382,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,no -1383-location-1,1383,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""...fringes of the Ethiopian highlands in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia (6.34N 36.61 E)"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.566667, 36.266667]]}",,,bib7403,yes -1383-speaker_number-1,1383,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7403,yes -1383-speakers-1,1383,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7403,yes +1382-LEI-6,1382,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +1382-transmission-6,1382,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +1382-vitality-6,1382,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,no +1383-location-1,1383,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""...fringes of the Ethiopian highlands in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia (6.34N 36.61 E)"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.566667, 36.266667]]}",,,bib7427,yes +1383-speaker_number-1,1383,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7427,yes +1383-speakers-1,1383,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7427,yes 1383-speaker_number-2,1383,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1383-speakers-2,1383,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""51,097"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1383-LEI-1,1383,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...endangered literary genres, namely songs, poems, prayers and ceremonial speech, which are being abandoned in the course of rapid socio-cultural changes.",bib7403,yes -1383-vitality-1,1383,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"...endangered literary genres, namely songs, poems, prayers and ceremonial speech, which are being abandoned in the course of rapid socio-cultural changes.",bib7403,yes +1383-LEI-1,1383,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...endangered literary genres, namely songs, poems, prayers and ceremonial speech, which are being abandoned in the course of rapid socio-cultural changes.",bib7427,yes +1383-vitality-1,1383,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"...endangered literary genres, namely songs, poems, prayers and ceremonial speech, which are being abandoned in the course of rapid socio-cultural changes.",bib7427,yes 1383-LEI-2,1383,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1383-vitality-2,1383,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1384-context-1,1384,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pulaar, French""}",,,bib6471,no -1384-location-1,1384,location,"{""Description"": ""Mainly in the region of Kedougou, Senegal Oriental and another community living in the neighboring region of Tambacounda. However, it is worth noting the presence of some B\u00e9diks in the city of Mbour and Dakar.""}",,,bib6471,no +1384-context-1,1384,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pulaar, French""}",,,bib6495,no +1384-location-1,1384,location,"{""Description"": ""Mainly in the region of Kedougou, Senegal Oriental and another community living in the neighboring region of Tambacounda. However, it is worth noting the presence of some B\u00e9diks in the city of Mbour and Dakar.""}",,,bib6495,no 1384-location-2,1384,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,no -1384-location-3,1384,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7528, -12.2717]]}",,,bib5307,no -1384-location-4,1384,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Mountains of eastern Senegal""}",,,bib6470,yes -1384-location-5,1384,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Senegal""}",,,bib6944,no -1384-speakers-1,1384,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000""}",,,bib6471,no -1384-speaker_number-2,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib442,no -1384-speakers-2,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib442,no +1384-location-3,1384,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7528, -12.2717]]}",,,bib5330,no +1384-location-4,1384,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Mountains of eastern Senegal""}",,,bib6494,yes +1384-location-5,1384,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Senegal""}",,,bib6968,no +1384-speakers-1,1384,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000""}",,,bib6495,no +1384-speaker_number-2,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib443,no +1384-speakers-2,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib443,no 1384-speaker_number-3,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1384-speakers-3,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1384-speaker_number-4,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1384-speakers-4,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1384-speaker_number-4,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1384-speakers-4,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1384-speaker_number-5,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1384-speakers-5,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1384-speaker_number-6,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6470,yes -1384-speakers-6,1384,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6470,yes -1384-speaker_number-7,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6944,no -1384-speakers-7,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6944,no -1384-speaker_number-8,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,no -1384-speakers-8,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,no -1384-LEI-2,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib442,no -1384-vitality-2,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib442,no +1384-speaker_number-6,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6494,yes +1384-speakers-6,1384,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6494,yes +1384-speaker_number-7,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6968,no +1384-speakers-7,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6968,no +1384-speaker_number-8,1384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no +1384-speakers-8,1384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no +1384-LEI-2,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib443,no +1384-vitality-2,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib443,no 1384-LEI-3,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1384-vitality-3,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1384-LEI-4,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1384-vitality-4,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1384-LEI-4,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1384-vitality-4,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1384-LEI-5,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1384-vitality-5,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1384-LEI-6,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6470,yes -1384-vitality-6,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6470,yes -1384-LEI-7,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -1384-vitality-7,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -1384-LEI-8,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -1384-vitality-8,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -1405-context-1,1405,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berik""}",,,bib7938,no -1405-location-1,1405,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1088, 139.2352]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1405-location-2,1405,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya, in the inland central north coast area, east of the Upper Tor River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1384-LEI-6,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6494,yes +1384-vitality-6,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6494,yes +1384-LEI-7,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +1384-vitality-7,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +1384-LEI-8,1384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +1384-vitality-8,1384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +1405-context-1,1405,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berik""}",,,bib7963,no +1405-location-1,1405,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1088, 139.2352]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1405-location-2,1405,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya, in the inland central north coast area, east of the Upper Tor River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1405-location-3,1405,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1405-speaker_number-1,1405,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,yes -1405-speakers-1,1405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,yes -1405-speaker_number-2,1405,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -1405-speakers-2,1405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +1405-speaker_number-1,1405,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,yes +1405-speakers-1,1405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,yes +1405-speaker_number-2,1405,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +1405-speakers-2,1405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 1405-speaker_number-3,1405,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1405-speakers-3,1405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 1405-speaker_number-4,1405,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,no 1405-speakers-4,1405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,no -1405-LEI-1,1405,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1405-vitality-1,1405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1405-LEI-2,1405,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1405-transmission-2,1405,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7938,no -1405-speaker_number_trends-2,1405,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1405-vitality-2,1405,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1405-LEI-1,1405,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1405-vitality-1,1405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1405-LEI-2,1405,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1405-transmission-2,1405,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7963,no +1405-speaker_number_trends-2,1405,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1405-vitality-2,1405,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1405-LEI-3,1405,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1405-vitality-3,1405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1405-LEI-4,1405,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1405-vitality-4,1405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1407-context-1,1407,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many, especially children.""}",,,bib7938,yes -1407-location-1,1407,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2461, 139.5208]]}",,,bib5307,no -1407-location-2,1407,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northeast coast east of Sarmi and west of Demta""}",,,bib7938,yes +1407-context-1,1407,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many, especially children.""}",,,bib7963,yes +1407-location-1,1407,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2461, 139.5208]]}",,,bib5330,no +1407-location-2,1407,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northeast coast east of Sarmi and west of Demta""}",,,bib7963,yes 1407-location-3,1407,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1407-speaker_number-1,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1407-speakers-1,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1407-speaker_number-2,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Estimated to be closer to 200 speakers now.,bib7938,yes -1407-speakers-2,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Estimated to be closer to 200 speakers now.,bib7938,yes +1407-speaker_number-1,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1407-speakers-1,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1407-speaker_number-2,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Estimated to be closer to 200 speakers now.,bib7963,yes +1407-speakers-2,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Estimated to be closer to 200 speakers now.,bib7963,yes 1407-speaker_number-3,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1407-speakers-3,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1407-speaker_number-4,1407,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,no 1407-speakers-4,1407,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,no -1407-LEI-1,1407,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1407-vitality-1,1407,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1407-LEI-2,1407,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1407-transmission-2,1407,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,yes -1407-speaker_number_trends-2,1407,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,yes -1407-vitality-2,1407,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +1407-LEI-1,1407,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1407-vitality-1,1407,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1407-LEI-2,1407,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1407-transmission-2,1407,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,yes +1407-speaker_number_trends-2,1407,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,yes +1407-vitality-2,1407,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 1407-LEI-3,1407,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1407-vitality-3,1407,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1407-LEI-4,1407,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1407-vitality-4,1407,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1408-context-1,1408,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Topoiyo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7938,no -1408-location-1,1408,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0601, 119.3074]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1408-location-2,1408,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken near to the central- western coast of the bulk of Sulawesi, on the lower Budung-Budung River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1408-context-1,1408,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Topoiyo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7963,no +1408-location-1,1408,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0601, 119.3074]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1408-location-2,1408,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken near to the central- western coast of the bulk of Sulawesi, on the lower Budung-Budung River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1408-location-3,1408,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1408-speaker_number-1,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1408-speakers-1,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1408-speaker_number-2,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -1408-speakers-2,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +1408-speaker_number-1,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1408-speakers-1,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1408-speaker_number-2,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +1408-speakers-2,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 1408-speaker_number-3,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1408-speakers-3,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1408-speaker_number-4,1408,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1408-speakers-4,1408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -1408-LEI-1,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1408-vitality-1,1408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1408-LEI-2,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1408-speaker_number_trends-2,1408,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1408-vitality-2,1408,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1408-LEI-1,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1408-vitality-1,1408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1408-LEI-2,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1408-speaker_number_trends-2,1408,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1408-vitality-2,1408,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1408-LEI-3,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1408-vitality-3,1408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1408-LEI-4,1408,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1408-vitality-4,1408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1409-location-1,1409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7811, 135.9915]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1409-location-2,1409,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Wapoga River, east coast of Cenderawasih Bay, near Awera.""}",,,bib7938,no +1409-location-1,1409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7811, 135.9915]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1409-location-2,1409,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Wapoga River, east coast of Cenderawasih Bay, near Awera.""}",,,bib7963,no 1409-location-3,1409,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1409-speaker_number-1,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1409-speakers-1,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1409-speaker_number-2,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The speakers are semi-nomadic.,bib7938,no -1409-speakers-2,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The speakers are semi-nomadic.,bib7938,no +1409-speaker_number-1,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1409-speakers-1,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1409-speaker_number-2,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The speakers are semi-nomadic.,bib7963,no +1409-speakers-2,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The speakers are semi-nomadic.,bib7963,no 1409-speaker_number-3,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1409-speakers-3,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1409-speaker_number-4,1409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1409-speakers-4,1409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1409-LEI-1,1409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1409-vitality-1,1409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1409-LEI-2,1409,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1409-speaker_number_trends-2,1409,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1409-vitality-2,1409,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1409-LEI-1,1409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1409-vitality-1,1409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1409-LEI-2,1409,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1409-speaker_number_trends-2,1409,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1409-vitality-2,1409,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1409-LEI-3,1409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1409-vitality-3,1409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1409-LEI-4,1409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1409-vitality-4,1409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -141-context-1,141,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers are bilingual in Spanish""}",,,bib5743,no -141-location-1,141,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3709, -92.2484]]}",,,bib5307,no -141-location-2,141,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""In Chiapas, near the border of Guatemala."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.324053, -92.234756]]}",,,bib5743,yes -141-location-3,141,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas""}",,,bib5743,no +141-context-1,141,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers are bilingual in Spanish""}",,,bib5767,no +141-location-1,141,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3709, -92.2484]]}",,,bib5330,no +141-location-2,141,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""In Chiapas, near the border of Guatemala."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.324053, -92.234756]]}",,,bib5767,yes +141-location-3,141,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas""}",,,bib5767,no 141-location-4,141,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas, on Guatemala Mexico border, Tuzant\u00e1n and Motozintla.""}",,,bib67,no -141-speaker_number-1,141,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. Fewer than 5 speakers of the Tuzanteco variety.",bib5743,yes -141-speakers-1,141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. Fewer than 5 speakers of the Tuzanteco variety.",bib5743,yes -141-speaker_number-2,141,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"It is moribund, with fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. (Palosaari 2011:iii)",bib5743,no -141-speakers-2,141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""30""}",,"It is moribund, with fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. (Palosaari 2011:iii)",bib5743,no +141-speaker_number-1,141,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. Fewer than 5 speakers of the Tuzanteco variety.",bib5767,yes +141-speakers-1,141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. Fewer than 5 speakers of the Tuzanteco variety.",bib5767,yes +141-speaker_number-2,141,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"It is moribund, with fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. (Palosaari 2011:iii)",bib5767,no +141-speakers-2,141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""30""}",,"It is moribund, with fewer than 30 remaining speakers, all over the age of 70. (Palosaari 2011:iii)",bib5767,no 141-speaker_number-3,141,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 141-speakers-3,141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -141-LEI-1,141,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5743,yes -141-transmission-1,141,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5743,yes -141-vitality-1,141,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5743,yes -141-LEI-2,141,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5743,no -141-vitality-2,141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5743,no +141-LEI-1,141,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5767,yes +141-transmission-1,141,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5767,yes +141-vitality-1,141,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5767,yes +141-LEI-2,141,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5767,no +141-vitality-2,141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5767,no 141-LEI-3,141,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 141-vitality-3,141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1410-context-1,1410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolio; Indonesian; Cia-Cia; Muna;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The village of Busoa is multilingual. Most adults speak the following two languages fluently in addition to their native Busoa: 1) Wolio (the court language of the sultanate of Wolio and a former lingua franca on the island of Buton), 2) Indonesian, the national language. Additionally many adults have at least a passive, and sometimes an active command of an additional two languages: 3) Cia-Cia, a large language spoken throughout the southern half of the island of Buton; and 4) Muna, more specifically, one of the southern Muna subdialects... I was told that there were no monolingual speakers of Busoa... The attitude of native speakers towards their own language appears to be one of indifference. Busoa has no prestige, is limited to a single village (now two villages), offers no economic advantages and there is no reason for anyone to learn it.",bib8271,yes -1410-context-2,1410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cia-Cia, Wolio, Indonesia""}",,,bib7938,no -1410-location-1,1410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5722, 122.6074]]}",,,bib5307,no -1410-location-2,1410,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Busoa [bup] is spoken on the island of Buton, one of the four large islands off the coast of Southeast Sulawesi, in central Indonesia. More specifically, Busoa is spoken in just two villages: the villages of Busoa and Lakambau\n(kelurahan Busoa, kelurahan Lakambau), located about 22 km south of the city of Baubau in the South Buton regency (kabupaten Buton Selatan), Batauga district (kecamatan Batauga)... The village of Busoa consists of two rows of houses on either side of the road extending for some 2-3 kilometers from north to south, a few hundred meters from the sea to the west. There are two side roads leading to the sea."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.551441, 122.604769]]}",,,bib8271,yes -1410-location-3,1410,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the extreme southwest coast of Buton Island which is southeast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi near Masiri.""}",,,bib7938,no +1410-context-1,1410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolio; Indonesian; Cia-Cia; Muna;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The village of Busoa is multilingual. Most adults speak the following two languages fluently in addition to their native Busoa: 1) Wolio (the court language of the sultanate of Wolio and a former lingua franca on the island of Buton), 2) Indonesian, the national language. Additionally many adults have at least a passive, and sometimes an active command of an additional two languages: 3) Cia-Cia, a large language spoken throughout the southern half of the island of Buton; and 4) Muna, more specifically, one of the southern Muna subdialects... I was told that there were no monolingual speakers of Busoa... The attitude of native speakers towards their own language appears to be one of indifference. Busoa has no prestige, is limited to a single village (now two villages), offers no economic advantages and there is no reason for anyone to learn it.",bib8296,yes +1410-context-2,1410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cia-Cia, Wolio, Indonesia""}",,,bib7963,no +1410-location-1,1410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5722, 122.6074]]}",,,bib5330,no +1410-location-2,1410,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Busoa [bup] is spoken on the island of Buton, one of the four large islands off the coast of Southeast Sulawesi, in central Indonesia. More specifically, Busoa is spoken in just two villages: the villages of Busoa and Lakambau\n(kelurahan Busoa, kelurahan Lakambau), located about 22 km south of the city of Baubau in the South Buton regency (kabupaten Buton Selatan), Batauga district (kecamatan Batauga)... The village of Busoa consists of two rows of houses on either side of the road extending for some 2-3 kilometers from north to south, a few hundred meters from the sea to the west. There are two side roads leading to the sea."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.551441, 122.604769]]}",,,bib8296,yes +1410-location-3,1410,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the extreme southwest coast of Buton Island which is southeast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi near Masiri.""}",,,bib7963,no 1410-location-4,1410,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1410-speaker_number-1,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1410-speakers-1,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1410-speaker_number-2,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"It is not easy to give an accurate statement about the number of speakers of Busoa. In 1986 I was told there were about 2,300 speakers. This number now seems much too high, as it was probably based on the total number of households in the village of Busoa at the time (somewhere around 400), including all the non-Busoa speakers. In 2008 I discussed the question of the number of speakers with several village elders. At that time lingkungan Busoa had 169 households, and lingkungan Wuragana 115 households, a total of 284. Considering the number of newcomers, as well as the number of children no longer able to speak Busoa, we arrived at an estimated total of around 1,000 speakers. At the moment of writing (2020), this number has almost certainly diminished (see §1.5), and the best current estimate is around 800 to 900 speakers. Even that could be too high.",bib8271,yes -1410-speakers-2,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"It is not easy to give an accurate statement about the number of speakers of Busoa. In 1986 I was told there were about 2,300 speakers. This number now seems much too high, as it was probably based on the total number of households in the village of Busoa at the time (somewhere around 400), including all the non-Busoa speakers. In 2008 I discussed the question of the number of speakers with several village elders. At that time lingkungan Busoa had 169 households, and lingkungan Wuragana 115 households, a total of 284. Considering the number of newcomers, as well as the number of children no longer able to speak Busoa, we arrived at an estimated total of around 1,000 speakers. At the moment of writing (2020), this number has almost certainly diminished (see §1.5), and the best current estimate is around 800 to 900 speakers. Even that could be too high.",bib8271,yes -1410-speaker_number-3,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1410-speakers-3,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1410-speaker_number-1,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1410-speakers-1,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1410-speaker_number-2,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"It is not easy to give an accurate statement about the number of speakers of Busoa. In 1986 I was told there were about 2,300 speakers. This number now seems much too high, as it was probably based on the total number of households in the village of Busoa at the time (somewhere around 400), including all the non-Busoa speakers. In 2008 I discussed the question of the number of speakers with several village elders. At that time lingkungan Busoa had 169 households, and lingkungan Wuragana 115 households, a total of 284. Considering the number of newcomers, as well as the number of children no longer able to speak Busoa, we arrived at an estimated total of around 1,000 speakers. At the moment of writing (2020), this number has almost certainly diminished (see §1.5), and the best current estimate is around 800 to 900 speakers. Even that could be too high.",bib8296,yes +1410-speakers-2,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"It is not easy to give an accurate statement about the number of speakers of Busoa. In 1986 I was told there were about 2,300 speakers. This number now seems much too high, as it was probably based on the total number of households in the village of Busoa at the time (somewhere around 400), including all the non-Busoa speakers. In 2008 I discussed the question of the number of speakers with several village elders. At that time lingkungan Busoa had 169 households, and lingkungan Wuragana 115 households, a total of 284. Considering the number of newcomers, as well as the number of children no longer able to speak Busoa, we arrived at an estimated total of around 1,000 speakers. At the moment of writing (2020), this number has almost certainly diminished (see §1.5), and the best current estimate is around 800 to 900 speakers. Even that could be too high.",bib8296,yes +1410-speaker_number-3,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1410-speakers-3,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1410-speaker_number-4,1410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1410-speakers-4,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1410-speaker_number-5,1410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no 1410-speakers-5,1410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no -1410-LEI-1,1410,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1410-vitality-1,1410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1410-LEI-2,1410,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8271,yes -1410-transmission-2,1410,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8271,yes -1410-vitality-2,1410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8271,yes -1410-LEI-3,1410,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1410-speaker_number_trends-3,1410,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1410-vitality-3,1410,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1410-LEI-1,1410,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1410-vitality-1,1410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1410-LEI-2,1410,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8296,yes +1410-transmission-2,1410,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8296,yes +1410-vitality-2,1410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It appears that Busoa is not really passed on to the next generation. Parents typically speak to their children in Indonesian... The number of children who are fluent in Busoa was said to be minimal. I overheard Busoa children mostly playing in Indonesian, and Busoa teenagers chatting in Indonesian... with Indonesian being the language of administration and government, the road towards further decline of Busoa now seems irreversible.",bib8296,yes +1410-LEI-3,1410,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1410-speaker_number_trends-3,1410,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1410-vitality-3,1410,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1410-LEI-4,1410,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1410-vitality-4,1410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1410-LEI-5,1410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1410-vitality-5,1410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1411-context-1,1411,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1411-location-1,1411,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2776, 138.7902]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1411-location-2,1411,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the south side of the lower Idenburg River, east of Taive, in the western central part of non-peninsular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +1411-context-1,1411,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1411-location-1,1411,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2776, 138.7902]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1411-location-2,1411,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the south side of the lower Idenburg River, east of Taive, in the western central part of non-peninsular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 1411-location-3,1411,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sarmi Regency, Mamberamo Hulu subdistrict, Lakes Plain area south of Idenburg River east of Taiyeve""}",,,bib67,no -1411-speaker_number-1,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1411-speakers-1,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1411-speaker_number-2,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1411-speakers-2,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1411-speaker_number-1,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1411-speakers-1,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1411-speaker_number-2,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1411-speakers-2,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1411-speaker_number-3,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1411-speakers-3,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1411-speaker_number-4,1411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,no 1411-speakers-4,1411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,no -1411-LEI-1,1411,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1411-vitality-1,1411,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1411-LEI-2,1411,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1411-speaker_number_trends-2,1411,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1411-vitality-2,1411,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1411-LEI-1,1411,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1411-vitality-1,1411,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1411-LEI-2,1411,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1411-speaker_number_trends-2,1411,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1411-vitality-2,1411,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1411-LEI-3,1411,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1411-vitality-3,1411,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1411-LEI-4,1411,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1411-vitality-4,1411,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1412-context-1,1412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Significant immigration of other people groups is affecting public language use. There are very few people left who are monolingual in Dampelas.,bib5289,yes -1412-context-2,1412,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, everyday public language is Indonesian.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7938,no -1412-location-1,1412,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Talaga, Sabang, Sioyang, Rerang, and Kembayang in the western coastal area of Central Sulawesi Province, approx. 200km north of Palu City on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia.""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.2, 120.0]]}",,,bib5289,yes -1412-location-2,1412,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.2005, 119.8965]]}",,,bib5307,no -1412-location-3,1412,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the northwestern coast of the northern part of the narrow neck connecting the central bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula, near Bangkir.""}",,,bib7938,no +1412-context-1,1412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Significant immigration of other people groups is affecting public language use. There are very few people left who are monolingual in Dampelas.,bib5312,yes +1412-context-2,1412,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, everyday public language is Indonesian.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7963,no +1412-location-1,1412,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Talaga, Sabang, Sioyang, Rerang, and Kembayang in the western coastal area of Central Sulawesi Province, approx. 200km north of Palu City on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia.""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.2, 120.0]]}",,,bib5312,yes +1412-location-2,1412,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.2005, 119.8965]]}",,,bib5330,no +1412-location-3,1412,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the northwestern coast of the northern part of the narrow neck connecting the central bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula, near Bangkir.""}",,,bib7963,no 1412-location-4,1412,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1412-speaker_number-1,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5289,yes -1412-speakers-1,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""approx. 9,500 across all the villages; 2,635 in Talaga, 1,451 in Sabang, 3,206 in Sioyang"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5289,yes -1412-speaker_number-2,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1412-speakers-2,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1412-speaker_number-3,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1412-speakers-3,1412,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1412-speaker_number-1,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5312,yes +1412-speakers-1,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""approx. 9,500 across all the villages; 2,635 in Talaga, 1,451 in Sabang, 3,206 in Sioyang"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5312,yes +1412-speaker_number-2,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1412-speakers-2,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1412-speaker_number-3,1412,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1412-speakers-3,1412,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1412-speaker_number-4,1412,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1412-speakers-4,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1412-speaker_number-5,1412,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1412-speakers-5,1412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no -1412-LEI-1,1412,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5289,yes -1412-transmission-1,1412,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5289,yes -1412-domains_of_use-1,1412,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5289,yes -1412-speaker_number_trends-1,1412,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5289,yes -1412-vitality-1,1412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5289,yes -1412-LEI-2,1412,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1412-vitality-2,1412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1412-LEI-3,1412,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1412-transmission-3,1412,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,no -1412-domains_of_use-3,1412,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7938,no -1412-speaker_number_trends-3,1412,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1412-vitality-3,1412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7938,no +1412-LEI-1,1412,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5312,yes +1412-transmission-1,1412,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5312,yes +1412-domains_of_use-1,1412,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5312,yes +1412-speaker_number_trends-1,1412,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5312,yes +1412-vitality-1,1412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Dampelas is used in daily life, but less so in public with newcomers and not at all in primary schools. Families are commonly bilingual, but even Dampelas speaking parents tend to speak Indonesian to their children in hopes of improving their opportunities for the future. Dampelas men in their 30s, living in Palu, have only passive understanding of Dampelas.",bib5312,yes +1412-LEI-2,1412,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1412-vitality-2,1412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1412-LEI-3,1412,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1412-transmission-3,1412,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,no +1412-domains_of_use-3,1412,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7963,no +1412-speaker_number_trends-3,1412,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1412-vitality-3,1412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7963,no 1412-LEI-4,1412,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1412-vitality-4,1412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1412-LEI-5,1412,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1412-vitality-5,1412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1414-context-1,1414,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waropen, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1414-location-1,1414,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7016, 136.6699]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1414-location-2,1414,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay and inland.""}",,,bib7938,no +1414-context-1,1414,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waropen, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1414-location-1,1414,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7016, 136.6699]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1414-location-2,1414,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay and inland.""}",,,bib7963,no 1414-location-3,1414,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1414-speaker_number-1,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1414-speakers-1,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1414-speaker_number-2,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1414-speakers-2,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1414-speaker_number-1,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1414-speakers-1,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1414-speaker_number-2,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1414-speakers-2,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1414-speaker_number-3,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1414-speakers-3,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1414-speaker_number-4,1414,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1414-speakers-4,1414,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1414-LEI-1,1414,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1414-vitality-1,1414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1414-LEI-2,1414,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1414-speaker_number_trends-2,1414,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1414-vitality-2,1414,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1414-LEI-1,1414,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1414-vitality-1,1414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1414-LEI-2,1414,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1414-speaker_number_trends-2,1414,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1414-vitality-2,1414,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1414-LEI-3,1414,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1414-vitality-3,1414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1414-LEI-4,1414,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -8847,432 +8909,432 @@ Kuna, Border [kvn] 3500 (2600 in Colombia, 900 in Panama)",bib70,no 1415-context-1,1415,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Turkish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Newspapers. Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""70% also use Russian""}",,L1 for about 95%.,bib68,yes 1415-context-2,1415,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no 1415-location-1,1415,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Karachayevo-Cherkesiya and Stavropol\u2019skiy Kray, Russia""}",,,bib68,yes -1415-location-2,1415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.1556, 41.9368]]}",,,bib5307,no +1415-location-2,1415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.1556, 41.9368]]}",,,bib5330,no 1415-location-3,1415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.0, 42.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1415-speaker_number-1,1415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"37,800 in Russian Federation. 10,000 in Turkey. Population total all countries: 47,880. Ethnic population: 43,300",bib68,yes 1415-speakers-1,1415,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""43,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (Russia); 1995 (Turkey)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"37,800 in Russian Federation. 10,000 in Turkey. Population total all countries: 47,880. Ethnic population: 43,300",bib68,yes -1415-speaker_number-2,1415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1415-speakers-2,1415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1415-speaker_number-2,1415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1415-speakers-2,1415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1415-speaker_number-3,1415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 1415-speakers-3,1415,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""33613"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~31,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no 1415-LEI-1,1415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,More vigorous in the Russian Federation than Turkey.,bib68,yes 1415-vitality-1,1415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,More vigorous in the Russian Federation than Turkey.,bib68,yes -1415-LEI-2,1415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1415-vitality-2,1415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1415-LEI-2,1415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1415-vitality-2,1415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1415-LEI-3,1415,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1415-speaker_number_trends-3,1415,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib213,no 1415-vitality-3,1415,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -1418-context-1,1418,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Joola Fogny, Joola Kasa, Mandinka, Wolof, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Baïnounk language area is characterised by a complex multilingual situation, and the different varieties are partly in contact with different languages. Depending on their location, rural speakers use two distinct varieties of the Atlantic language cluster Joola (Joola Fogny and Joola Kasa), sometimes additional Joola languages, and/or the Mande language Mandinka. All of them are also fluent to some extent in the national lingua franca Wolof, an Atlantic language, and many speak the official language French. In addition, a Portuguese-based Creole has left traces in the language. As a consequence, the Baïnounk communities exhibit extensive multilingualism as a systematic trait not just of individuals, but of entire speech communities... Interestingly though, speakers of Baïnounk are not generally multilingual in more than one Baïnounk variety.",bib4798,no +1418-context-1,1418,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Joola Fogny, Joola Kasa, Mandinka, Wolof, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Baïnounk language area is characterised by a complex multilingual situation, and the different varieties are partly in contact with different languages. Depending on their location, rural speakers use two distinct varieties of the Atlantic language cluster Joola (Joola Fogny and Joola Kasa), sometimes additional Joola languages, and/or the Mande language Mandinka. All of them are also fluent to some extent in the national lingua franca Wolof, an Atlantic language, and many speak the official language French. In addition, a Portuguese-based Creole has left traces in the language. As a consequence, the Baïnounk communities exhibit extensive multilingualism as a systematic trait not just of individuals, but of entire speech communities... Interestingly though, speakers of Baïnounk are not generally multilingual in more than one Baïnounk variety.",bib4820,no 1418-context-2,1418,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Joola Banjal; Joola Kujirerai; Bayot; French; Wolof"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"In Djibonker, but probably also elsewhere among Baïnounk speakers, it is normal for children to master four languages, and a repertoire of six to ten languages is nothing unusual for an adult person... French and Wolof are increasingly spoken and understood everywhere in Senegal... three of the languages spoken by the inhabitants of Djibonker are themselves only poorly described minority languages: Joola -Banjal (Sagna 2008; Tendeng 2007; Bassène 2006), Joola Kujirerai (no sources found) and Bayot (Diagne 2009).""",bib1754,no -1418-location-1,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken in the village of Djibonker, 13km to the west of the regional capital Ziguinchor, on the road to Cape Skirring.""}",,,bib6469,yes -1418-location-2,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.524402, -16.350798]]}",,,bib4798,no -1418-location-3,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and... diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.531272, -16.353248]]}",,,bib1754,no -1418-location-4,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Senegal""], ""Description"": ""one village in Casamance region""}",,,bib1371,no -1418-speaker_number-1,1418,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6469,yes -1418-speakers-1,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6469,yes -1418-speaker_number-3,1418,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Baïnounk Gubaher is spoken by approximately 1,000 people in the village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and by several hundred people of the diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor... The number of migrants from Djibonker and their descendants residing in Dakar has been given as around 400. Especially the first generation, who were born and raised in the village, still speak Gubaher, whereas in the subsequent generations it is often the case that the language is neither understood nor spoken.",bib1754,no -1418-speakers-3,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009-2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Baïnounk Gubaher is spoken by approximately 1,000 people in the village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and by several hundred people of the diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor... The number of migrants from Djibonker and their descendants residing in Dakar has been given as around 400. Especially the first generation, who were born and raised in the village, still speak Gubaher, whereas in the subsequent generations it is often the case that the language is neither understood nor spoken.",bib1754,no -1418-speaker_number-4,1418,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1371,no -1418-speakers-4,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1371,no -1418-LEI-1,1418,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6469,yes -1418-vitality-1,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6469,yes -1418-LEI-2,1418,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4798,no -1418-transmission-2,1418,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4798,no -1418-vitality-2,1418,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4798,no -1418-LEI-3,1418,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1754,no -1418-vitality-3,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1754,no -1418-LEI-4,1418,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1371,no -1418-vitality-4,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1371,no -1419-context-1,1419,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Creole"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Weekly radio broadcast""}",,"The weekly radio broadcast is ""widely followed in the Gujaher language area.""",bib7058,yes -1419-location-1,1419,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.579, -16.283]]}",,"Its speakers occupy a large territory to the east of Ziguinchor, stretching southwards into neighbouring Guinea Bissau. This area was deeply affected by the longstanding civil war, during which a number of villages were abandoned, and in consequence, many speakers of Gujaher live in Ziguinchor and Dakar today.",bib6983,no -1419-LEI-1,1419,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7058,yes -1419-transmission-1,1419,transmission,1,transmission-1,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7058,yes -1419-vitality-1,1419,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7058,yes -1420-location-1,1420,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9438, 36.6503]]}",,,bib5307,no -1420-location-2,1420,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Gofa Zuria Woreda of the South Nations, Nationalities and People\u2019s Regional State""}",,,bib2151,yes +Banjal (Sagna 2008; Tendeng 2007; Bassène 2006), Joola Kujirerai (no sources found) and Bayot (Diagne 2009).""",bib1766,no +1418-location-1,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken in the village of Djibonker, 13km to the west of the regional capital Ziguinchor, on the road to Cape Skirring.""}",,,bib6493,yes +1418-location-2,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.524402, -16.350798]]}",,,bib4820,no +1418-location-3,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and... diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.531272, -16.353248]]}",,,bib1766,no +1418-location-4,1418,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Senegal""], ""Description"": ""one village in Casamance region""}",,,bib1383,no +1418-speaker_number-1,1418,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6493,yes +1418-speakers-1,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6493,yes +1418-speaker_number-3,1418,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Baïnounk Gubaher is spoken by approximately 1,000 people in the village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and by several hundred people of the diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor... The number of migrants from Djibonker and their descendants residing in Dakar has been given as around 400. Especially the first generation, who were born and raised in the village, still speak Gubaher, whereas in the subsequent generations it is often the case that the language is neither understood nor spoken.",bib1766,no +1418-speakers-3,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009-2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Baïnounk Gubaher is spoken by approximately 1,000 people in the village of Djibonker, just south of Ziguinchor, and by several hundred people of the diaspora communities in Dakar and Ziguinchor... The number of migrants from Djibonker and their descendants residing in Dakar has been given as around 400. Especially the first generation, who were born and raised in the village, still speak Gubaher, whereas in the subsequent generations it is often the case that the language is neither understood nor spoken.",bib1766,no +1418-speaker_number-4,1418,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1383,no +1418-speakers-4,1418,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1383,no +1418-LEI-1,1418,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6493,yes +1418-vitality-1,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6493,yes +1418-LEI-2,1418,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4820,no +1418-transmission-2,1418,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4820,no +1418-vitality-2,1418,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4820,no +1418-LEI-3,1418,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1766,no +1418-vitality-3,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1766,no +1418-LEI-4,1418,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1383,no +1418-vitality-4,1418,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1383,no +1419-context-1,1419,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Creole"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Weekly radio broadcast""}",,"The weekly radio broadcast is ""widely followed in the Gujaher language area.""",bib7082,yes +1419-location-1,1419,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.579, -16.283]]}",,"Its speakers occupy a large territory to the east of Ziguinchor, stretching southwards into neighbouring Guinea Bissau. This area was deeply affected by the longstanding civil war, during which a number of villages were abandoned, and in consequence, many speakers of Gujaher live in Ziguinchor and Dakar today.",bib7007,no +1419-LEI-1,1419,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7082,yes +1419-transmission-1,1419,transmission,1,transmission-1,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7082,yes +1419-vitality-1,1419,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"... it is often the case that those children who grow up in Baïnounk-Gujaher speaking households come from outside the language area and very often have not spoken Gujaher prior to coming to live in Agnack, where they were fostered. Children whose identity is Baïnounk-Gujaher often grow up in Creole-speaking families in Ziguinchor or Wolof-dominant households in Dakar. Second-generation immigrant children whose parents originate from Joola Susaana communities in Guinea Bissau grow up speaking Baïnounk Gujaher as one of their languages. Who is shifting to what language in these contexts depends crucially on the assumed point of departure.",bib7082,yes +1420-location-1,1420,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9438, 36.6503]]}",,,bib5330,no +1420-location-2,1420,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Gofa Zuria Woreda of the South Nations, Nationalities and People\u2019s Regional State""}",,,bib2164,yes 1420-location-3,1420,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -1420-speaker_number-1,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1420-speakers-1,1420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1420-speaker_number-1,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1420-speakers-1,1420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1420-speaker_number-2,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 1420-speakers-2,1420,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14059"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,597"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no -1420-speaker_number-3,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2151,yes -1420-speakers-3,1420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2151,yes +1420-speaker_number-3,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2164,yes +1420-speakers-3,1420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2164,yes 1420-speaker_number-4,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1420-speakers-4,1420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1420-speaker_number-5,1420,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,244 monolinguals.",bib67,no 1420-speakers-5,1420,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,075"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,244 monolinguals.",bib67,no -1420-LEI-1,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1420-vitality-1,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1420-LEI-1,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1420-vitality-1,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1420-LEI-2,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 1420-vitality-2,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no -1420-LEI-3,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2151,yes -1420-vitality-3,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2151,yes +1420-LEI-3,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2164,yes +1420-vitality-3,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2164,yes 1420-LEI-4,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1420-vitality-4,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1420-LEI-5,1420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1420-vitality-5,1420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1422-context-1,1422,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,There is a flowering of activity focused on the numerous Phake traditional manuscripts.,bib1205,yes -1422-location-1,1422,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 9 villages in Assam and 2 villages in Arunachal Pradesh. Assam villages: Namphake, Tipam Phake, Borphake, Nigam Phake, Faneng, Mounglang, Man Mau, Man Long, and Nonglai. Arunachal Pradesh Villages: Wagun and Lung Kung.""}",,,bib5265,no -1422-location-2,1422,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5033, 95.2185]]}",,,bib5307,no -1422-location-3,1422,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Eleven villages in Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts, Assam, and Tirap District, Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib1205,yes -1422-speaker_number-1,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5265,no -1422-speakers-1,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""> 2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5265,no -1422-speaker_number-2,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1422-speakers-2,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1422-speaker_number-3,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are children learning the language.,bib1205,yes -1422-speakers-3,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are children learning the language.,bib1205,yes +1422-context-1,1422,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,There is a flowering of activity focused on the numerous Phake traditional manuscripts.,bib1214,yes +1422-location-1,1422,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 9 villages in Assam and 2 villages in Arunachal Pradesh. Assam villages: Namphake, Tipam Phake, Borphake, Nigam Phake, Faneng, Mounglang, Man Mau, Man Long, and Nonglai. Arunachal Pradesh Villages: Wagun and Lung Kung.""}",,,bib5288,no +1422-location-2,1422,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5033, 95.2185]]}",,,bib5330,no +1422-location-3,1422,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Eleven villages in Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts, Assam, and Tirap District, Arunachal Pradesh""}",,,bib1214,yes +1422-speaker_number-1,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5288,no +1422-speakers-1,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""> 2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5288,no +1422-speaker_number-2,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1422-speakers-2,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1422-speaker_number-3,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are children learning the language.,bib1214,yes +1422-speakers-3,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are children learning the language.,bib1214,yes 1422-speaker_number-4,1422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1422-speakers-4,1422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1422-LEI-1,1422,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5265,no -1422-transmission-1,1422,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5265,no -1422-vitality-1,1422,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5265,no -1422-LEI-2,1422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1422-vitality-2,1422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1422-LEI-3,1422,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1422-transmission-3,1422,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1205,yes -1422-vitality-3,1422,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,yes +1422-LEI-1,1422,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5288,no +1422-transmission-1,1422,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5288,no +1422-vitality-1,1422,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5288,no +1422-LEI-2,1422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1422-vitality-2,1422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1422-LEI-3,1422,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1422-transmission-3,1422,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1214,yes +1422-vitality-3,1422,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,yes 1422-LEI-4,1422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1422-vitality-4,1422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1424-context-1,1424,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some younger speakers are interested in learning the language, but such efforts require support.""}",,Efforts undertaken by young people to learn the language generally result in festivals or occasions that showcase their cultural heritage. These efforts require constant support to stay alive.,bib5457,no -1424-context-2,1424,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,All speakers of Khamyang are bilingual in Assamese.,bib1205,yes +1424-context-1,1424,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some younger speakers are interested in learning the language, but such efforts require support.""}",,Efforts undertaken by young people to learn the language generally result in festivals or occasions that showcase their cultural heritage. These efforts require constant support to stay alive.,bib5480,no +1424-context-2,1424,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,All speakers of Khamyang are bilingual in Assamese.,bib1214,yes 1424-context-3,1424,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib67,no -1424-location-1,1424,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Paiwamukh village, Tinsukia District, Assam""}",,,bib1205,yes +1424-location-1,1424,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Paiwamukh village, Tinsukia District, Assam""}",,,bib1214,yes 1424-location-2,1424,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.89, 93.99]]}",,,bib75,no 1424-location-3,1424,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Tinsukia District, Pawaimukh village""}",,,bib67,no 1424-speaker_number-2,1424,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1424-speakers-2,1424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1424-speaker_number-3,1424,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 40 years of age,bib1205,yes -1424-speakers-3,1424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 40 years of age,bib1205,yes +1424-speaker_number-3,1424,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 40 years of age,bib1214,yes +1424-speakers-3,1424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 40 years of age,bib1214,yes 1424-speaker_number-4,1424,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1424-speakers-4,1424,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003 (S. Morley)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 1424-LEI-1,1424,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1424-vitality-1,1424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1424-LEI-2,1424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1424-transmission-2,1424,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,yes -1424-speaker_number_trends-2,1424,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1424-vitality-2,1424,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +1424-LEI-2,1424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1424-transmission-2,1424,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,yes +1424-speaker_number_trends-2,1424,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1424-vitality-2,1424,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 1424-LEI-3,1424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to Assamese,bib67,no 1424-transmission-3,1424,transmission,5,transmission-5,Shifting to Assamese,bib67,no 1424-vitality-3,1424,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to Assamese,bib67,no 1425-context-1,1425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese; Jingpho; Assamese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,All speakers of Khamti are bilingual.,bib68,no -1425-context-2,1425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai, Lao"", ""Institutional Support"": ""nonprofit organizations""}",,,bib3756,yes -1425-context-3,1425,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Language name means 'gold place.',bib1205,no +1425-context-2,1425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai, Lao"", ""Institutional Support"": ""nonprofit organizations""}",,,bib3775,yes +1425-context-3,1425,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Language name means 'gold place.',bib1214,no 1425-location-1,1425,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar and India""], ""Description"": ""Myanmar: Kachin State, Putao district and Myitkyina area; north Sagaing Region. India: Assam, Lakimpur district, Barkhamti, Barigaon, Deotola, Tunijan, Sribhuyan, Barpathar, and Tipling villages, Dibrugarh District; Arunachal Pradesh, Siang and Lohit districts, Chakham, Memong, Barpathar, Mime, Kheram, M. Pong, and Man Khao villages in Namsai subdivision, and Ningro, Nanam, Inten, Nathaw, Mamareng, Mahang villages in Lohit.""}",,,bib68,no -1425-location-2,1425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.452372, 96.573531]]}",,,bib7945,no -1425-location-3,1425,location,"{""Places"": [""Khamti Shan live in Kachin State of northwest Myanmar (Burma), and Tai Khamti live in the Assam region of Northeast India""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.0522, 97.1739], [26.0312, 92.5127]]}",,,bib3756,yes -1425-location-4,1425,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Burma"", ""Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India""], ""Description"": ""Speakers in India located mainly in the southwest of Lohit District near Tezu but south of the Lohit River, and extending into adjacent areas of Tirap District; also at least eight villages in Lakhimpur District of Assam, including one mixed with Phake.""}",,,bib1205,no +1425-location-2,1425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.452372, 96.573531]]}",,,bib7970,no +1425-location-3,1425,location,"{""Places"": [""Khamti Shan live in Kachin State of northwest Myanmar (Burma), and Tai Khamti live in the Assam region of Northeast India""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.0522, 97.1739], [26.0312, 92.5127]]}",,,bib3775,yes +1425-location-4,1425,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Burma"", ""Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India""], ""Description"": ""Speakers in India located mainly in the southwest of Lohit District near Tezu but south of the Lohit River, and extending into adjacent areas of Tirap District; also at least eight villages in Lakhimpur District of Assam, including one mixed with Phake.""}",,,bib1214,no 1425-speaker_number-1,1425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,000 in Myanmar and 5000 in India. Population total all countries: 13,000.",bib68,no 1425-speakers-1,1425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"8,000 in Myanmar and 5000 in India. Population total all countries: 13,000.",bib68,no -1425-speaker_number-2,1425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3756,yes -1425-speakers-2,1425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000 speakers total: 8,000 in Northwest Myanmar (Burma) and 6,000 in Assam in Northeast India"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3756,yes -1425-speaker_number-4,1425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 25,000 speakers in Burma and 5,000 speakers in India",bib1205,no -1425-speakers-4,1425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 25,000 speakers in Burma and 5,000 speakers in India",bib1205,no +1425-speaker_number-2,1425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3775,yes +1425-speakers-2,1425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000 speakers total: 8,000 in Northwest Myanmar (Burma) and 6,000 in Assam in Northeast India"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3775,yes +1425-speaker_number-4,1425,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 25,000 speakers in Burma and 5,000 speakers in India",bib1214,no +1425-speakers-4,1425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 25,000 speakers in Burma and 5,000 speakers in India",bib1214,no 1425-LEI-1,1425,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1425-transmission-1,1425,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,no 1425-domains_of_use-1,1425,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib68,no 1425-speaker_number_trends-1,1425,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib68,no 1425-vitality-1,1425,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib68,no -1425-LEI-2,1425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3756,yes -1425-vitality-2,1425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3756,yes -1425-LEI-3,1425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1425-vitality-3,1425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -1426-context-2,1426,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tai, Assamese, English, Hindi"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized by the Indian government as a Scheduled Tribe (Hill), and as Man-Tai speaking by the Assam government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Aiton speak their language with family and community members, and generally Assamese with others. They are very conscious about their language, culture, and traditions which they try to pass on to the younger generations. Few Tai monks know the language anymore, so they can no longer teach it to young monks.""}",,,bib4012,yes +1425-LEI-2,1425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3775,yes +1425-vitality-2,1425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3775,yes +1425-LEI-3,1425,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1425-vitality-3,1425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +1426-context-2,1426,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tai, Assamese, English, Hindi"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized by the Indian government as a Scheduled Tribe (Hill), and as Man-Tai speaking by the Assam government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Aiton speak their language with family and community members, and generally Assamese with others. They are very conscious about their language, culture, and traditions which they try to pass on to the younger generations. Few Tai monks know the language anymore, so they can no longer teach it to young monks.""}",,,bib4032,yes 1426-location-1,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Jorhat, Karbi Anglong districts, Doboroni, Banlung, Ahomoni, Balipathar, Kaliyani, Chakihula, Tengani, Barhula villages.""}",,,bib67,no -1426-location-2,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam state, Lakhimpur and Sibsagar, Naga Hills""}",,This Shan ethnic group settled there to flee persecution in the nineteenth century from Burma.,bib7525,no -1426-location-3,1426,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6523, 94.2901]]}",,,bib5307,no -1426-location-4,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""Assam, India""], ""Description"": ""Eight villages in Golaghat and Karbi Anglong districts along Dhonsiri River""}",,,bib1205,no -1426-location-5,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""The original homeland of the Aiton was the Aiton district of the Upper Chindwin Valley of Myanmar, and they migrated to Assam sometime in the 16th-17th century. The Tai Aiton presently live in the villages of Golaghat and Karbi Anglong districts in the Upper Assam, along with the Turung people.""]}",,,bib4012,yes +1426-location-2,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam state, Lakhimpur and Sibsagar, Naga Hills""}",,This Shan ethnic group settled there to flee persecution in the nineteenth century from Burma.,bib7550,no +1426-location-3,1426,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6523, 94.2901]]}",,,bib5330,no +1426-location-4,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""Assam, India""], ""Description"": ""Eight villages in Golaghat and Karbi Anglong districts along Dhonsiri River""}",,,bib1214,no +1426-location-5,1426,location,"{""Places"": [""The original homeland of the Aiton was the Aiton district of the Upper Chindwin Valley of Myanmar, and they migrated to Assam sometime in the 16th-17th century. The Tai Aiton presently live in the villages of Golaghat and Karbi Anglong districts in the Upper Assam, along with the Turung people.""]}",,,bib4032,yes 1426-speaker_number-1,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Morey (2006).,bib67,no 1426-speakers-1,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Morey (2006).,bib67,no -1426-speaker_number-3,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1426-speakers-3,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1426-speaker_number-4,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Children are learning the language.,bib1205,no -1426-speakers-4,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Children are learning the language.,bib1205,no +1426-speaker_number-3,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1426-speakers-3,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1426-speaker_number-4,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Children are learning the language.,bib1214,no +1426-speakers-4,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Children are learning the language.,bib1214,no 1426-speaker_number-5,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1426-speakers-5,1426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1426-speaker_number-6,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4012,yes -1426-speakers-6,1426,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4012,yes +1426-speaker_number-6,1426,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4032,yes +1426-speakers-6,1426,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4032,yes 1426-LEI-1,1426,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1426-vitality-1,1426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1426-LEI-2,1426,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -1426-speaker_number_trends-2,1426,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7525,no -1426-vitality-2,1426,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -1426-LEI-3,1426,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1426-vitality-3,1426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1426-LEI-4,1426,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1426-transmission-4,1426,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1205,no -1426-vitality-4,1426,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,no +1426-LEI-2,1426,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +1426-speaker_number_trends-2,1426,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7550,no +1426-vitality-2,1426,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +1426-LEI-3,1426,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1426-vitality-3,1426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1426-LEI-4,1426,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1426-transmission-4,1426,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1214,no +1426-vitality-4,1426,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,no 1426-LEI-5,1426,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1426-vitality-5,1426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1426-LEI-6,1426,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4012,yes -1426-transmission-6,1426,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4012,yes -1426-domains_of_use-6,1426,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4012,yes -1426-speaker_number_trends-6,1426,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4012,yes -1426-vitality-6,1426,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4012,yes -1427-context-1,1427,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lao""}",,Strongly influenced by Lao language,bib1205,yes -1427-location-1,1427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5166, 104.3166]]}",,,bib5307,no -1427-location-2,1427,location,"{""Places"": [""Houaphan Province, Laos""], ""Description"": ""Also scattered to the southwest across central Laos and mixed with related groups within the amalgamated but diverse Phu Tai group in southern Laos.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1426-LEI-6,1426,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4032,yes +1426-transmission-6,1426,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4032,yes +1426-domains_of_use-6,1426,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4032,yes +1426-speaker_number_trends-6,1426,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4032,yes +1426-vitality-6,1426,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is used at home and in community social gatherings and religious ceremonies.,bib4032,yes +1427-context-1,1427,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lao""}",,Strongly influenced by Lao language,bib1214,yes +1427-location-1,1427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5166, 104.3166]]}",,,bib5330,no +1427-location-2,1427,location,"{""Places"": [""Houaphan Province, Laos""], ""Description"": ""Also scattered to the southwest across central Laos and mixed with related groups within the amalgamated but diverse Phu Tai group in southern Laos.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1427-location-3,1427,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""France"", ""China"", ""Laos"", ""Thailand"", ""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""China: South central Yunnan, Dehong Prefecture, southwest of Dali near Lancang (Mekong) River. Northwest Laos.""}",,,bib67,no -1427-speaker_number-1,1427,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1427-speakers-1,1427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1427-speaker_number-2,1427,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1427-speakers-2,1427,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1427-speaker_number-1,1427,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1427-speakers-1,1427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1427-speaker_number-2,1427,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1427-speakers-2,1427,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1427-speaker_number-3,1427,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1427-speakers-3,1427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""357,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1427-speaker_number-4,1427,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"540,000 in China (Zhou and Luo 2001). Ethnic population: 610,000. 35,000 in Laos (1995 L. Chazee). 72,400 in Myanmar (1983)",bib67,no 1427-speakers-4,1427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""647,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"540,000 in China (Zhou and Luo 2001). Ethnic population: 610,000. 35,000 in Laos (1995 L. Chazee). 72,400 in Myanmar (1983)",bib67,no -1427-LEI-1,1427,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1427-vitality-1,1427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1427-LEI-2,1427,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1427-speaker_number_trends-2,1427,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1427-vitality-2,1427,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1427-LEI-1,1427,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1427-vitality-1,1427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1427-LEI-2,1427,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1427-speaker_number_trends-2,1427,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1427-vitality-2,1427,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1427-LEI-3,1427,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1427-vitality-3,1427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1427-LEI-4,1427,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1427-vitality-4,1427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1428-location-1,1428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.8833, 104.6166]]}",,,bib5307,no -1428-location-2,1428,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Western Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam; Southeastern Houaphan Province, Laos""}",,"Potentially endangered in traditional territory, endangered elsewhere.",bib1205,yes +1428-location-1,1428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.8833, 104.6166]]}",,,bib5330,no +1428-location-2,1428,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Western Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam; Southeastern Houaphan Province, Laos""}",,"Potentially endangered in traditional territory, endangered elsewhere.",bib1214,yes 1428-location-3,1428,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Vietnam"", ""Laos"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Viet Nam: North central, Thanh Hoa Province, south of Sam Nuea. Northeast Laos.""}",,,bib67,no -1428-speaker_number-1,1428,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1428-speakers-1,1428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1428-speaker_number-2,1428,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1428-speakers-2,1428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1428-speaker_number-1,1428,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1428-speakers-1,1428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1428-speaker_number-2,1428,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1428-speakers-2,1428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1428-speaker_number-3,1428,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1428-speakers-3,1428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""165,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1428-speaker_number-4,1428,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"140,000 in Viet Nam (2002).",bib67,no 1428-speakers-4,1428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""165,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"140,000 in Viet Nam (2002).",bib67,no -1428-LEI-1,1428,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1428-vitality-1,1428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1428-LEI-2,1428,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1428-speaker_number_trends-2,1428,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1428-vitality-2,1428,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1428-LEI-1,1428,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1428-vitality-1,1428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1428-LEI-2,1428,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1428-speaker_number_trends-2,1428,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1428-vitality-2,1428,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1428-LEI-3,1428,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1428-vitality-3,1428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1428-LEI-4,1428,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1428-vitality-4,1428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1429-location-1,1429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.3166, 104.7833]]}",,,bib5307,no -1429-location-2,1429,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos, Thailand and perhaps China""], ""Description"": ""Laos: northwestern areas of Khammouane Province; Thailand: 5 villages in the northeast of Nakorn Phanom Province; perhaps also in China.""}",,"Uncertain whether the language survives in China, severely endangered in Thailand, endangered in Laos.",bib1205,yes +1429-location-1,1429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.3166, 104.7833]]}",,,bib5330,no +1429-location-2,1429,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos, Thailand and perhaps China""], ""Description"": ""Laos: northwestern areas of Khammouane Province; Thailand: 5 villages in the northeast of Nakorn Phanom Province; perhaps also in China.""}",,"Uncertain whether the language survives in China, severely endangered in Thailand, endangered in Laos.",bib1214,yes 1429-location-3,1429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.4166666667, 104.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1429-location-4,1429,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1429-speaker_number-1,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1429-speakers-1,1429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1429-speaker_number-2,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1429-speakers-2,1429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1429-speaker_number-1,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1429-speakers-1,1429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1429-speaker_number-2,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1429-speakers-2,1429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1429-speaker_number-3,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1429-speakers-3,1429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1429-speaker_number-4,1429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000 in Laos (Diller 1990).",bib67,no 1429-speakers-4,1429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000 in Laos (Diller 1990).",bib67,no -1429-LEI-1,1429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1429-vitality-1,1429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1429-LEI-2,1429,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1429-speaker_number_trends-2,1429,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1429-vitality-2,1429,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1429-LEI-1,1429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1429-vitality-1,1429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1429-LEI-2,1429,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1429-speaker_number_trends-2,1429,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1429-vitality-2,1429,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1429-LEI-3,1429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1429-vitality-3,1429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1429-LEI-4,1429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1429-vitality-4,1429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1430-context-1,1430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Bouyei""}",,Classified within the Bouyei nationality.,bib1205,yes -1430-location-1,1430,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.871, 107.0476]]}",,,bib5307,no -1430-location-2,1430,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Pingtang County, as well as some speakers in Huishui and Dushan counties""}",,,bib1205,yes +1430-context-1,1430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Bouyei""}",,Classified within the Bouyei nationality.,bib1214,yes +1430-location-1,1430,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.871, 107.0476]]}",,,bib5330,no +1430-location-2,1430,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Pingtang County, as well as some speakers in Huishui and Dushan counties""}",,,bib1214,yes 1430-location-3,1430,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Guizhou Province, east Pingtang County; Dushan County; Huishui, just south of Guiyang""}",,,bib67,no -1430-speaker_number-1,1430,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1430-speakers-1,1430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1430-speaker_number-2,1430,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1430-speakers-2,1430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1430-speaker_number-1,1430,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1430-speakers-1,1430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1430-speaker_number-2,1430,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1430-speakers-2,1430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1430-speaker_number-3,1430,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 (B. Wenze 1999), decreasing. Ethnic population: 25,000 (D. Bradley 2000)",bib67,no 1430-speakers-3,1430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 (B. Wenze 1999), decreasing. Ethnic population: 25,000 (D. Bradley 2000)",bib67,no -1430-LEI-1,1430,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1430-vitality-1,1430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1430-LEI-2,1430,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1430-speaker_number_trends-2,1430,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1430-vitality-2,1430,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1430-LEI-1,1430,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1430-vitality-1,1430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1430-LEI-2,1430,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1430-speaker_number_trends-2,1430,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1430-vitality-2,1430,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1430-LEI-3,1430,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1430-vitality-3,1430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1431-location-1,1431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.6341, 108.2895]]}",,,bib5307,no -1431-location-2,1431,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Mainly Luocheng County, north central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1431-location-1,1431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.6341, 108.2895]]}",,,bib5330,no +1431-location-2,1431,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Mainly Luocheng County, north central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1431-location-3,1431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1431-location-4,1431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1431-speaker_number-1,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1431-speakers-1,1431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1431-speaker_number-2,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1431-speakers-2,1431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""207,352"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1431-speaker_number-1,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1431-speakers-1,1431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1431-speaker_number-2,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1431-speakers-2,1431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""207,352"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1431-speaker_number-3,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1431-speakers-3,1431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1431-speaker_number-4,1431,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Fewer than 10,000 monolinguals (including women and preschool children)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Guangxi Language and Orthography Use Situation (2005). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.",bib67,no 1431-speakers-4,1431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""86,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Fewer than 10,000 monolinguals (including women and preschool children)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Guangxi Language and Orthography Use Situation (2005). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.",bib67,no -1431-LEI-1,1431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1431-vitality-1,1431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1431-LEI-2,1431,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1431-speaker_number_trends-2,1431,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1431-vitality-2,1431,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1431-LEI-1,1431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1431-vitality-1,1431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1431-LEI-2,1431,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1431-speaker_number_trends-2,1431,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1431-vitality-2,1431,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1431-LEI-3,1431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1431-vitality-3,1431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1431-LEI-4,1431,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1431-vitality-4,1431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1432-context-1,1432,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, business, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Zhuang; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""60%""}",,,bib4750,yes -1432-location-1,1432,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Guangxi Province: Huanjiang, Hechi, Nandan Tian'e, Du'an, Yishan, Luocheng and Rong'an. Huangjiang is the most concentrated area."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.825664, 108.258028]]}",,,bib4750,yes -1432-location-2,1432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.8341, 107.577]]}",,,bib5307,no -1432-location-3,1432,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Huanjiang County and surrounding areas, north central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1205,no +1432-context-1,1432,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, business, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Zhuang; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""60%""}",,,bib4772,yes +1432-location-1,1432,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Guangxi Province: Huanjiang, Hechi, Nandan Tian'e, Du'an, Yishan, Luocheng and Rong'an. Huangjiang is the most concentrated area."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.825664, 108.258028]]}",,,bib4772,yes +1432-location-2,1432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.8341, 107.577]]}",,,bib5330,no +1432-location-3,1432,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Huanjiang County and surrounding areas, north central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1214,no 1432-location-4,1432,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1432-speaker_number-1,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4750,yes -1432-speakers-1,1432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4750,yes -1432-speaker_number-2,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1432-speakers-2,1432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1432-speaker_number-3,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Very few speakers in the ethnic group,bib1205,no -1432-speakers-3,1432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""107,166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Very few speakers in the ethnic group,bib1205,no +1432-speaker_number-1,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4772,yes +1432-speakers-1,1432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4772,yes +1432-speaker_number-2,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1432-speakers-2,1432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1432-speaker_number-3,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Very few speakers in the ethnic group,bib1214,no +1432-speakers-3,1432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""107,166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Very few speakers in the ethnic group,bib1214,no 1432-speaker_number-4,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1432-speakers-4,1432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1432-speaker_number-5,1432,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""A few thousand women and children monolinguals."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.",bib67,no 1432-speakers-5,1432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""107,166"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""A few thousand women and children monolinguals."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.",bib67,no -1432-LEI-1,1432,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4750,yes -1432-transmission-1,1432,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4750,yes -1432-domains_of_use-1,1432,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4750,yes -1432-speaker_number_trends-1,1432,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4750,yes -1432-vitality-1,1432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4750,yes -1432-LEI-2,1432,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1432-vitality-2,1432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1432-LEI-3,1432,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1432-speaker_number_trends-3,1432,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,no -1432-vitality-3,1432,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +1432-LEI-1,1432,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4772,yes +1432-transmission-1,1432,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4772,yes +1432-domains_of_use-1,1432,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4772,yes +1432-speaker_number_trends-1,1432,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4772,yes +1432-vitality-1,1432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Male adults are fluent speakers of Maonan and Zhuang, while educated male adults can also speak local Chinese. In contrast, many children (before schooling) and elderly women are monolingual in Maonan. Many teachers in minority-concentrated areas also speak Maonan. Many Zhuang also can speak Maonan, but Zhuang is the more prestigious language of the two. Younger generations are showing greater language shift to Mandarin, especially because of modern technology and those growing up in urban/suburban areas.",bib4772,yes +1432-LEI-2,1432,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1432-vitality-2,1432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1432-LEI-3,1432,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1432-speaker_number_trends-3,1432,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,no +1432-vitality-3,1432,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 1432-LEI-4,1432,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1432-vitality-4,1432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1432-LEI-5,1432,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1432-vitality-5,1432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1433-context-1,1433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Bouyei""}",,Classified as part of the Bouyei nationality.,bib1205,yes -1433-location-1,1433,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5532, 107.3809]]}",,,bib5307,no -1433-location-2,1433,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern part of Libo County, south central Guizhou Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1433-context-1,1433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Bouyei""}",,Classified as part of the Bouyei nationality.,bib1214,yes +1433-location-1,1433,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5532, 107.3809]]}",,,bib5330,no +1433-location-2,1433,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern part of Libo County, south central Guizhou Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1433-location-3,1433,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1433-speaker_number-1,1433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1433-speakers-1,1433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1433-speaker_number-2,1433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1433-speakers-2,1433,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1433-speaker_number-1,1433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1433-speakers-1,1433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1433-speaker_number-2,1433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1433-speakers-2,1433,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1433-speaker_number-3,1433,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1433-speakers-3,1433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1433-speaker_number-4,1433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 (1982 census). Ethnic population: 10,000 (2000 D. Bradley).",bib67,no 1433-speakers-4,1433,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 (1982 census). Ethnic population: 10,000 (2000 D. Bradley).",bib67,no -1433-LEI-1,1433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1433-vitality-1,1433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1433-LEI-2,1433,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1433-speaker_number_trends-2,1433,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1433-vitality-2,1433,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1433-LEI-1,1433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1433-vitality-1,1433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1433-LEI-2,1433,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1433-speaker_number_trends-2,1433,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1433-vitality-2,1433,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1433-LEI-3,1433,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1433-vitality-3,1433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1433-LEI-4,1433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1433-vitality-4,1433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1434-context-1,1434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Members of this group are included in Yao nationality.,bib1205,yes -1434-location-1,1434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7439, 110.0526]]}",,,bib5307,no -1434-location-2,1434,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Jinxiu County, east central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +1434-context-1,1434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Members of this group are included in Yao nationality.,bib1214,yes +1434-location-1,1434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7439, 110.0526]]}",,,bib5330,no +1434-location-2,1434,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Jinxiu County, east central Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 1434-location-3,1434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0833333333, 110.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1434-location-4,1434,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1434-speaker_number-1,1434,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1434-speakers-1,1434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1434-speaker_number-2,1434,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1434-speakers-2,1434,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1434-speaker_number-1,1434,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1434-speakers-1,1434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1434-speaker_number-2,1434,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1434-speakers-2,1434,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1434-speaker_number-3,1434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1434-speakers-3,1434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1434-speaker_number-4,1434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""4,000 monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Baoyuan (1999).",bib67,no 1434-speakers-4,1434,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""4,000 monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Baoyuan (1999).",bib67,no -1434-LEI-1,1434,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1434-vitality-1,1434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1434-LEI-2,1434,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1434-speaker_number_trends-2,1434,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1434-vitality-2,1434,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1434-LEI-1,1434,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1434-vitality-1,1434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1434-LEI-2,1434,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1434-speaker_number_trends-2,1434,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1434-vitality-2,1434,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1434-LEI-3,1434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1434-vitality-3,1434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1434-LEI-4,1434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1434-vitality-4,1434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1435-location-1,1435,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.0732, 106.0789]]}",,,bib5307,no -1435-location-2,1435,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Napo County""}",,,bib1205,yes +1435-location-1,1435,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.0732, 106.0789]]}",,,bib5330,no +1435-location-2,1435,location,"{""Places"": [""Guangxi Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Napo County""}",,,bib1214,yes 1435-location-3,1435,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1435-speaker_number-1,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1435-speakers-1,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1435-speaker_number-2,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1435-speakers-2,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1435-speaker_number-1,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1435-speakers-1,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1435-speaker_number-2,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1435-speakers-2,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1435-speaker_number-3,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1435-speakers-3,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""378"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1435-speaker_number-4,1435,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1435-speakers-4,1435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1435-LEI-1,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1435-vitality-1,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1435-LEI-2,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1435-vitality-2,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1435-LEI-1,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1435-vitality-1,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1435-LEI-2,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1435-vitality-2,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1435-LEI-3,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1435-vitality-3,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1435-LEI-4,1435,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1435-vitality-4,1435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1436-context-2,1436,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin""}",,,bib4644,no -1436-location-1,1436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1666, 105.1]]}",,,bib5307,no -1436-location-2,1436,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Malipo County, Yunnan Province, China; Dong Van district, Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""}",,,bib1205,yes -1436-location-3,1436,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Malipuo (\u9ebb\u6817\u5761) county, Yunnan Province, China; Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""}",,,bib4644,no +1436-context-2,1436,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin""}",,,bib4666,no +1436-location-1,1436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1666, 105.1]]}",,,bib5330,no +1436-location-2,1436,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Malipo County, Yunnan Province, China; Dong Van district, Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""}",,,bib1214,yes +1436-location-3,1436,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Malipuo (\u9ebb\u6817\u5761) county, Yunnan Province, China; Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""}",,,bib4666,no 1436-location-4,1436,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1436-speaker_number-1,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1436-speakers-1,1436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1436-speaker_number-2,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Of 307 in China, about 50 speak the language. Of 382 in Vietnam, most can speak it.",bib1205,yes -1436-speakers-2,1436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Of 307 in China, about 50 speak the language. Of 382 in Vietnam, most can speak it.",bib1205,yes -1436-speakers-3,1436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900 (400 in China and 500 in Vietnam)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100 (only a few in China)""}",,,bib4644,no +1436-speaker_number-1,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1436-speakers-1,1436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1436-speaker_number-2,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Of 307 in China, about 50 speak the language. Of 382 in Vietnam, most can speak it.",bib1214,yes +1436-speakers-2,1436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Of 307 in China, about 50 speak the language. Of 382 in Vietnam, most can speak it.",bib1214,yes +1436-speakers-3,1436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900 (400 in China and 500 in Vietnam)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100 (only a few in China)""}",,,bib4666,no 1436-speaker_number-4,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1436-speakers-4,1436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""614"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1436-speaker_number-5,1436,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,307 in Viet Nam (2002 J. Edmondson).,bib67,no 1436-speakers-5,1436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,307 in Viet Nam (2002 J. Edmondson).,bib67,no -1436-LEI-1,1436,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1436-vitality-1,1436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1436-LEI-2,1436,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1436-speaker_number_trends-2,1436,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1436-vitality-2,1436,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1436-LEI-1,1436,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1436-vitality-1,1436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1436-LEI-2,1436,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1436-speaker_number_trends-2,1436,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1436-vitality-2,1436,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1436-LEI-3,1436,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1436-vitality-3,1436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1436-LEI-4,1436,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1436-vitality-4,1436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1437-location-1,1437,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.838831, 106.168025]]}",,,bib7945,no -1437-location-2,1437,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ha Giang Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -1437-location-3,1437,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Noi Thon and Ha Giang of Vietnam; Napuo (\u90a3\u5761) County of Guangxi, China.""}",,,bib4644,no +1437-location-1,1437,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.838831, 106.168025]]}",,,bib7970,no +1437-location-2,1437,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ha Giang Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +1437-location-3,1437,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Noi Thon and Ha Giang of Vietnam; Napuo (\u90a3\u5761) County of Guangxi, China.""}",,,bib4666,no 1437-location-4,1437,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no 1437-speaker_number-1,1437,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1437-speakers-1,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1437-speaker_number-2,1437,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1437-speakers-2,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes -1437-speaker_number-3,1437,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,close to the eastern dialects of Buyang,bib4644,no -1437-speakers-3,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,close to the eastern dialects of Buyang,bib4644,no +1437-speaker_number-2,1437,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1437-speakers-2,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes +1437-speaker_number-3,1437,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,close to the eastern dialects of Buyang,bib4666,no +1437-speakers-3,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,close to the eastern dialects of Buyang,bib4666,no 1437-speakers-4,1437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (Edmondson)""}",,,bib67,no 1437-LEI-1,1437,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1437-vitality-1,1437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1437-LEI-2,1437,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1437-vitality-2,1437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -1437-LEI-3,1437,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4644,no -1437-vitality-3,1437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4644,no -1439-context-1,1439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Katla; Tulishi; Nyimang; Arabic;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Arabic, which has become the dominant lingua franca also in the Nuba Mountains, is encroaching upon Tima and other languages in various domains of social interaction between people. Above all, this is due to the fact that today Arabic is the only language playing a role in the educational as well as the administrative system of the country.",bib5373,yes -1439-context-2,1439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic""}",,The Tima language is seriously endangered as a result of the encroaching role of Sudanese Arabic.,bib7615,no +1437-LEI-2,1437,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1437-vitality-2,1437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +1437-LEI-3,1437,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4666,no +1437-vitality-3,1437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4666,no +1439-context-1,1439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Katla; Tulishi; Nyimang; Arabic;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Arabic, which has become the dominant lingua franca also in the Nuba Mountains, is encroaching upon Tima and other languages in various domains of social interaction between people. Above all, this is due to the fact that today Arabic is the only language playing a role in the educational as well as the administrative system of the country.",bib5396,yes +1439-context-2,1439,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic""}",,The Tima language is seriously endangered as a result of the encroaching role of Sudanese Arabic.,bib7640,no 1439-location-1,1439,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6666666667, 29.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1439-location-2,1439,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -1439-location-3,1439,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7033, 29.1934]]}",,,bib5307,no -1439-location-4,1439,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains""}",,,bib7615,no -1439-speaker_number-1,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5373,yes -1439-speakers-1,1439,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5373,yes +1439-location-3,1439,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7033, 29.1934]]}",,,bib5330,no +1439-location-4,1439,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains""}",,,bib7640,no +1439-speaker_number-1,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5396,yes +1439-speakers-1,1439,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5396,yes 1439-speakers-2,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -1439-speaker_number-3,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1439-speakers-3,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,305"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1439-speaker_number-4,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6983,no -1439-speakers-4,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6983,no +1439-speaker_number-3,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1439-speakers-3,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,305"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1439-speaker_number-4,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7007,no +1439-speakers-4,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7007,no 1439-speaker_number-5,1439,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1439-speakers-5,1439,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,305"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1439-speakers-6,1439,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000""}",,,bib7615,no -1439-LEI-1,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5373,yes -1439-vitality-1,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5373,yes -1439-LEI-2,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1439-vitality-2,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1439-LEI-3,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1439-vitality-3,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no +1439-speakers-6,1439,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000""}",,,bib7640,no +1439-LEI-1,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5396,yes +1439-vitality-1,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5396,yes +1439-LEI-2,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1439-vitality-2,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1439-LEI-3,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1439-vitality-3,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no 1439-LEI-4,1439,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1439-vitality-4,1439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1440-context-1,1440,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1440-context-2,1440,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no +1440-context-2,1440,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no 1440-location-1,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.15, -122.0]]}",,,bib73,yes 1440-location-2,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northeast British Columbia and northwest Alberta, Chateh (Assumption) on Hay river, and Prophet river south of Fort Nelson.""}",,,bib67,no 1440-location-3,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,"British Columbia and Alberta: Chateh (Assumption) on Hay River, and Prophet River south of Fort Nelson.",bib70,no -1440-location-4,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[56.481, -121.8831]]}",,,bib5307,no -1440-location-5,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib6983,no +1440-location-4,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[56.481, -121.8831]]}",,,bib5330,no +1440-location-5,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib7007,no 1440-location-6,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,"Spoken in northeastern B.C. and northwestern Alberta. B.C. communities: Blueberry River First Nation @@ -9280,31 +9342,31 @@ Doig River First Nation Halfway River First Nation Prophet River Band Saulteau First Nation -West Moberly First Nations",bib2541,no -1440-location-7,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Alberta. Eastern British Columbia (in the communities of Doig, Blueberry, Hudson Hope, and Prophet River) and in northwestern Alberta (in the communities of Horse Lakes, Clear Hills, Boyer River, and Rock Lane).""}",,,bib5217,no -1440-location-8,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Eastern British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta. Spoken in the communities of Doig, Blueberry, Hudson Hope, and Prophet River in British Columbia and in the communities of Horse Lakes, Clear Hills, Boyer River, and Rock Lane in Alberta.""}",,,bib5309,no +West Moberly First Nations",bib2554,no +1440-location-7,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Alberta. Eastern British Columbia (in the communities of Doig, Blueberry, Hudson Hope, and Prophet River) and in northwestern Alberta (in the communities of Horse Lakes, Clear Hills, Boyer River, and Rock Lane).""}",,,bib5240,no +1440-location-8,1440,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Eastern British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta. Spoken in the communities of Doig, Blueberry, Hudson Hope, and Prophet River in British Columbia and in the communities of Horse Lakes, Clear Hills, Boyer River, and Rock Lane in Alberta.""}",,,bib5332,no 1440-speaker_number-1,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1440-speakers-1,1440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4568"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""168"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""582""}",,,bib73,yes 1440-speaker_number-2,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Kinkade (1991). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 1440-speakers-2,1440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Kinkade (1991). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 1440-speaker_number-3,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"160 (FPCC 2014). 450 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 1,560 (FPCC 2014).",bib70,no 1440-speakers-3,1440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15560"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""450""}",,"160 (FPCC 2014). 450 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 1,560 (FPCC 2014).",bib70,no -1440-speaker_number-4,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1440-speakers-4,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1440-speaker_number-5,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6983,no -1440-speakers-5,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6983,no -1440-speaker_number-6,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib1282,no -1440-speakers-6,1440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1328"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""159"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""279""}",,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib1282,no -1440-speaker_number-7,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2541,no -1440-speakers-7,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""454""}",,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2541,no -1440-speaker_number-8,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 300 speakers. Although Beaver is partially intelligible to speakers of emergent languages in the Dene dialect complex, for political and geographical reasons it is not usually considered a Dene language.",bib5217,no -1440-speakers-8,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 300 speakers. Although Beaver is partially intelligible to speakers of emergent languages in the Dene dialect complex, for political and geographical reasons it is not usually considered a Dene language.",bib5217,no +1440-speaker_number-4,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1440-speakers-4,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1440-speaker_number-5,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7007,no +1440-speakers-5,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7007,no +1440-speaker_number-6,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib1291,no +1440-speakers-6,1440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1328"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""159"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""279""}",,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib1291,no +1440-speaker_number-7,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2554,no +1440-speakers-7,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""454""}",,Numbers for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2554,no +1440-speaker_number-8,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 300 speakers. Although Beaver is partially intelligible to speakers of emergent languages in the Dene dialect complex, for political and geographical reasons it is not usually considered a Dene language.",bib5240,no +1440-speakers-8,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 300 speakers. Although Beaver is partially intelligible to speakers of emergent languages in the Dene dialect complex, for political and geographical reasons it is not usually considered a Dene language.",bib5240,no 1440-speaker_number-9,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1440-speakers-9,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1440-speaker_number-10,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1440-speakers-10,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""201 fluent and 342 semi-speakers. Number for British Columbia only."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""287""}",,,bib2905,no -1440-speaker_number-11,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1440-speakers-11,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no +1440-speaker_number-10,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1440-speakers-10,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""201 fluent and 342 semi-speakers. Number for British Columbia only."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""287""}",,,bib2919,no +1440-speaker_number-11,1440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1440-speakers-11,1440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no 1440-LEI-1,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1440-vitality-1,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes 1440-LEI-2,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -9313,116 +9375,116 @@ West Moberly First Nations",bib2541,no 1440-transmission-3,1440,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 1440-speaker_number_trends-3,1440,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 1440-vitality-3,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1440-LEI-4,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1440-vitality-4,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1440-LEI-5,1440,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1440-transmission-5,1440,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6983,no -1440-vitality-5,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6983,no -1440-LEI-6,1440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1282,no -1440-transmission-6,1440,transmission,4,transmission-4,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1282,no -1440-speaker_number_trends-6,1440,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1282,no -1440-vitality-6,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1282,no -1440-LEI-7,1440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2541,no -1440-transmission-7,1440,transmission,4,transmission-4,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2541,no -1440-speaker_number_trends-7,1440,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2541,no -1440-vitality-7,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2541,no -1440-LEI-8,1440,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1440-transmission-8,1440,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,no -1440-vitality-8,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no +1440-LEI-4,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1440-vitality-4,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1440-LEI-5,1440,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1440-transmission-5,1440,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7007,no +1440-vitality-5,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7007,no +1440-LEI-6,1440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1291,no +1440-transmission-6,1440,transmission,4,transmission-4,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1291,no +1440-speaker_number_trends-6,1440,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1291,no +1440-vitality-6,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"12% fluent speakers, 21.6% semispeakers, 16.1% active learners (in British Columbia)",bib1291,no +1440-LEI-7,1440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2554,no +1440-transmission-7,1440,transmission,4,transmission-4,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2554,no +1440-speaker_number_trends-7,1440,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2554,no +1440-vitality-7,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"10% fluent speakers, 29.1% semispeakers, 4.7% learners (in British Columbia).",bib2554,no +1440-LEI-8,1440,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1440-transmission-8,1440,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,no +1440-vitality-8,1440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no 1440-LEI-9,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1440-vitality-9,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1440-LEI-10,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1440-vitality-10,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no -1441-context-1,1441,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6983,yes +1440-LEI-10,1440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1440-vitality-10,1440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no +1441-context-1,1441,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7007,yes 1441-location-1,1441,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.0, -95.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1441-location-2,1441,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no 1441-speaker_number-1,1441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1441-speakers-1,1441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1441-speaker_number-2,1441,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are perhaps some 100 fluent first-language speakers, all older than 70, and perhaps another 1000 semi-speakers, all older than 50 (DoBES 2006)",bib6983,yes -1441-speakers-2,1441,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1000""}",,"There are perhaps some 100 fluent first-language speakers, all older than 70, and perhaps another 1000 semi-speakers, all older than 50 (DoBES 2006)",bib6983,yes +1441-speaker_number-2,1441,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are perhaps some 100 fluent first-language speakers, all older than 70, and perhaps another 1000 semi-speakers, all older than 50 (DoBES 2006)",bib7007,yes +1441-speakers-2,1441,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1000""}",,"There are perhaps some 100 fluent first-language speakers, all older than 70, and perhaps another 1000 semi-speakers, all older than 50 (DoBES 2006)",bib7007,yes 1441-speaker_number-3,1441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,no 1441-speakers-3,1441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,no 1441-LEI-1,1441,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1441-vitality-1,1441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1441-LEI-2,1441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,yes -1441-transmission-2,1441,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6983,yes -1441-vitality-2,1441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6983,yes +1441-LEI-2,1441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,yes +1441-transmission-2,1441,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7007,yes +1441-vitality-2,1441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7007,yes 1441-LEI-3,1441,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1441-vitality-3,1441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1442-location-1,1442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.0, -91.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1442-location-2,1442,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -1442-location-3,1442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.706, -91.0641]]}",,,bib5307,yes +1442-location-3,1442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.706, -91.0641]]}",,,bib5330,yes 1442-location-4,1442,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.02, -91.42]]}",,,bib75,no -1442-location-5,1442,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""CHIAPAS: Ocosingo: Bethel, Bonampak, Lacanj\u00e1 Chansayab, Maeva, Nah\u00e1, Ojo de Agua [Ojo de Agua Chank\u00edn], Puerto Bello Metzabok [Metzabok], San Javier, San Quint\u00edn."", ""Coordinates"": [[20.055931, -89.58252]]}",,,bib8212,no +1442-location-5,1442,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""CHIAPAS: Ocosingo: Bethel, Bonampak, Lacanj\u00e1 Chansayab, Maeva, Nah\u00e1, Ojo de Agua [Ojo de Agua Chank\u00edn], Puerto Bello Metzabok [Metzabok], San Javier, San Quint\u00edn."", ""Coordinates"": [[20.055931, -89.58252]]}",,,bib8237,no 1442-speaker_number-1,1442,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,178 monolinguals (1942). Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no 1442-speakers-1,1442,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,178 monolinguals (1942). Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no -1442-speaker_number-2,1442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1442-speakers-2,1442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""563"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes +1442-speaker_number-2,1442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1442-speakers-2,1442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""563"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes 1442-speaker_number-3,1442,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1442-speakers-3,1442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1442-LEI-1,1442,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1442-vitality-1,1442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1442-LEI-2,1442,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1442-vitality-2,1442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +1442-LEI-2,1442,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1442-vitality-2,1442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 1442-LEI-3,1442,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1442-vitality-3,1442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1445-location-1,1445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.0, -150.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1445-location-2,1445,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""South Alaska around Cook Inlet and adjacent area""}",,,bib67,no -1445-location-3,1445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.3422, -148.8647]]}",,,bib5307,no -1445-location-4,1445,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska""]}",,"The Cook Inlet area of southern Alaska. Distinct local dialects are associated with the Kenai Peninsula, the Upper Inlet area above Anchorage, and coastal and inland areas of the west side of Cook Inlet.",bib5217,no -1445-location-5,1445,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib1574,yes -1445-location-6,1445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.3422, -148.8647]]}",,,bib1709,no +1445-location-3,1445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.3422, -148.8647]]}",,,bib5330,no +1445-location-4,1445,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska""]}",,"The Cook Inlet area of southern Alaska. Distinct local dialects are associated with the Kenai Peninsula, the Upper Inlet area above Anchorage, and coastal and inland areas of the west side of Cook Inlet.",bib5240,no +1445-location-5,1445,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib1586,yes +1445-location-6,1445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.3422, -148.8647]]}",,,bib1721,no 1445-speaker_number-1,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (Krauss 1997). Ethnic population: 900 (Krauss 1997); 40 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no 1445-speakers-1,1445,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (Krauss 1997). Ethnic population: 900 (Krauss 1997); 40 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no -1445-speaker_number-2,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1445-speakers-2,1445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1445-speaker_number-3,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1445-speakers-3,1445,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,no -1445-speaker_number-4,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1574,yes -1445-speakers-4,1445,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1574,yes +1445-speaker_number-2,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1445-speakers-2,1445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1445-speaker_number-3,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1445-speakers-3,1445,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,no +1445-speaker_number-4,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1586,yes +1445-speakers-4,1445,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1586,yes 1445-speaker_number-5,1445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1445-speakers-5,1445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1445-LEI-1,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1445-vitality-1,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1445-LEI-2,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1445-vitality-2,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1445-LEI-3,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1445-vitality-3,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -1445-LEI-4,1445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -1445-transmission-4,1445,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,yes -1445-domains_of_use-4,1445,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1574,yes -1445-speaker_number_trends-4,1445,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,yes -1445-vitality-4,1445,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1574,yes +1445-LEI-2,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1445-vitality-2,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1445-LEI-3,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1445-vitality-3,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +1445-LEI-4,1445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +1445-transmission-4,1445,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,yes +1445-domains_of_use-4,1445,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1586,yes +1445-speaker_number_trends-4,1445,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,yes +1445-vitality-4,1445,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1586,yes 1445-LEI-5,1445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1445-vitality-5,1445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1446-context-1,1446,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4336,yes +1446-context-1,1446,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4357,yes 1446-context-2,1446,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Upper Tanana [tau]""}",,,bib70,no -1446-location-1,1446,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Tanacross, Dot Lake, and Healy Lake."", ""Coordinates"": [[63.658611, -144.065833], [63.988889, -144.708056], [63.376111, -143.356944]]}",,,bib4336,yes +1446-location-1,1446,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Tanacross, Dot Lake, and Healy Lake."", ""Coordinates"": [[63.658611, -144.065833], [63.988889, -144.708056], [63.376111, -143.356944]]}",,,bib4357,yes 1446-location-2,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""East Alaska, near Upper Tanana, Tanacross, Healy Lake, Dot Lake, Tok""}",,,bib67,no 1446-location-3,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Dot Lake, Tanacross, Upper Tanana area, Healy Lake, and Tok.",bib70,no -1446-location-4,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.2159, -145.9643]]}",,,bib5307,no -1446-location-5,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,"Spoken at Healy Lake, Dot Lake, and Tanacross on the middle Tanana River of central Alaska.",bib5217,no -1446-location-6,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.2159, -145.9643]]}",,,bib1709,no -1446-location-7,1446,location,"{""Description"": ""The name Tanacross Athabascan refers to the Native Language spoken by people living in the upper Tanana valley in the area of present-day Tanacross village, extending from around the community of Tok downriver to Healy Lake. Tanacross is the ancestral language of the communities of Mansfield Lake, Joseph Village, and Ketchumstuk.""}",,,bib3620,no -1446-speaker_number-1,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4336,yes -1446-speakers-1,1446,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4336,yes +1446-location-4,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.2159, -145.9643]]}",,,bib5330,no +1446-location-5,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,"Spoken at Healy Lake, Dot Lake, and Tanacross on the middle Tanana River of central Alaska.",bib5240,no +1446-location-6,1446,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.2159, -145.9643]]}",,,bib1721,no +1446-location-7,1446,location,"{""Description"": ""The name Tanacross Athabascan refers to the Native Language spoken by people living in the upper Tanana valley in the area of present-day Tanacross village, extending from around the community of Tok downriver to Healy Lake. Tanacross is the ancestral language of the communities of Mansfield Lake, Joseph Village, and Ketchumstuk.""}",,,bib3639,no +1446-speaker_number-1,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4357,yes +1446-speakers-1,1446,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4357,yes 1446-speaker_number-2,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"3 in Healy Lake dialect, 32 in Mansfield-Ketchumstuck. Speaker number and ethnic population data: 120 (G. Holton 1997).",bib67,no 1446-speakers-2,1446,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"3 in Healy Lake dialect, 32 in Mansfield-Ketchumstuck. Speaker number and ethnic population data: 120 (G. Holton 1997).",bib67,no 1446-speaker_number-3,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,60 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 220 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 1446-speakers-3,1446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,60 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 220 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -1446-speaker_number-4,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1446-speakers-4,1446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1446-speaker_number-5,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The total population is about 220, of whom about 60 speak the language.",bib5217,no -1446-speakers-5,1446,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The total population is about 220, of whom about 60 speak the language.",bib5217,no -1446-speaker_number-6,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3620,no -1446-speakers-6,1446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3620,no -1446-LEI-1,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4336,yes -1446-transmission-1,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4336,yes -1446-domains_of_use-1,1446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4336,yes -1446-speaker_number_trends-1,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4336,yes -1446-vitality-1,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4336,yes +1446-speaker_number-4,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1446-speakers-4,1446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1446-speaker_number-5,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The total population is about 220, of whom about 60 speak the language.",bib5240,no +1446-speakers-5,1446,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The total population is about 220, of whom about 60 speak the language.",bib5240,no +1446-speaker_number-6,1446,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3639,no +1446-speakers-6,1446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3639,no +1446-LEI-1,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4357,yes +1446-transmission-1,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4357,yes +1446-domains_of_use-1,1446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4357,yes +1446-speaker_number_trends-1,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4357,yes +1446-vitality-1,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4357,yes 1446-LEI-2,1446,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1446-vitality-2,1446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1446-LEI-3,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only older adults in the home.,bib70,no @@ -9430,166 +9492,166 @@ West Moberly First Nations",bib2541,no 1446-domains_of_use-3,1446,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Only older adults in the home.,bib70,no 1446-speaker_number_trends-3,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only older adults in the home.,bib70,no 1446-vitality-3,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only older adults in the home.,bib70,no -1446-LEI-4,1446,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1446-vitality-4,1446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1446-LEI-5,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1446-transmission-5,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1446-speaker_number_trends-5,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1446-vitality-5,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1446-LEI-6,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -1446-transmission-6,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,no -1446-vitality-6,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1709,no -1446-LEI-7,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3620,no -1446-transmission-7,1446,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3620,no -1446-domains_of_use-7,1446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3620,no -1446-speaker_number_trends-7,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3620,no -1446-vitality-7,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3620,no +1446-LEI-4,1446,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1446-vitality-4,1446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1446-LEI-5,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1446-transmission-5,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1446-speaker_number_trends-5,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1446-vitality-5,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1446-LEI-6,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +1446-transmission-6,1446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,no +1446-vitality-6,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1721,no +1446-LEI-7,1446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3639,no +1446-transmission-7,1446,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3639,no +1446-domains_of_use-7,1446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3639,no +1446-speaker_number_trends-7,1446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3639,no +1446-vitality-7,1446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3639,no 1447-context-1,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1447-context-2,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no +1447-context-2,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no 1447-context-3,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Englishu""}",,,bib67,no -1447-context-4,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1447-context-5,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1447-context-4,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1447-context-5,1447,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1447-location-1,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.87, -130.04]]}",,,bib73,yes -1447-location-2,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2984,no +1447-location-2,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2998,no 1447-location-3,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwest British Columbia, Telegraph Creek.""}",,,bib67,no -1447-location-4,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.8451, -129.9745]]}",,,bib5307,no +1447-location-4,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.8451, -129.9745]]}",,,bib5330,no 1447-location-5,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Iskut First Nations Dease Lake -Tahltan Band (Telegraph Creek)",bib2541,no -1447-location-6,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern British Columbia. Telegraph Creek, on the upper Stikine River. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake.""}",,,bib5217,no +Tahltan Band (Telegraph Creek)",bib2554,no +1447-location-6,1447,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern British Columbia. Telegraph Creek, on the upper Stikine River. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake.""}",,,bib5240,no 1447-speaker_number-1,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/tahltan,bib73,yes 1447-speakers-1,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,212"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""99"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""440""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/tahltan,bib73,yes -1447-speaker_number-2,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1447-speakers-2,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""15""}",,,bib2984,no +1447-speaker_number-2,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1447-speakers-2,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""15""}",,,bib2998,no 1447-speaker_number-3,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (W. Poser 2002). Ethnic population: 750 (1977 SIL). 130 (2011 census) (2013).",bib67,no 1447-speakers-3,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (W. Poser 2002). Ethnic population: 750 (1977 SIL). 130 (2011 census) (2013).",bib67,no -1447-speaker_number-4,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1447-speakers-4,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1447-speaker_number-5,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fluent speakers 1.6%, semi-speakers 2%, Language learners 5.8%",bib1282,no -1447-speakers-5,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,695"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""43"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""54""}",,"Fluent speakers 1.6%, semi-speakers 2%, Language learners 5.8%",bib1282,no -1447-speaker_number-6,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2541,no -1447-speakers-6,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""60""}",,,bib2541,no -1447-speaker_number-7,1447,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Tahltan is closely related to Kaska (with which it is easily mutually intelligible) and to (nearly extinct) Tagish in the southern Yukon. It is principally the language of the remote community of Telegraph Creek, where there are five fluent speakers and perhaps 15 passive speakers out of a total population of 100. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake. No children are reported to speak or understand it.",bib5217,no -1447-speakers-7,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""15?""}",,"Tahltan is closely related to Kaska (with which it is easily mutually intelligible) and to (nearly extinct) Tagish in the southern Yukon. It is principally the language of the remote community of Telegraph Creek, where there are five fluent speakers and perhaps 15 passive speakers out of a total population of 100. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake. No children are reported to speak or understand it.",bib5217,no +1447-speaker_number-4,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1447-speakers-4,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1447-speaker_number-5,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fluent speakers 1.6%, semi-speakers 2%, Language learners 5.8%",bib1291,no +1447-speakers-5,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,695"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""43"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""54""}",,"Fluent speakers 1.6%, semi-speakers 2%, Language learners 5.8%",bib1291,no +1447-speaker_number-6,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2554,no +1447-speakers-6,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""60""}",,,bib2554,no +1447-speaker_number-7,1447,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Tahltan is closely related to Kaska (with which it is easily mutually intelligible) and to (nearly extinct) Tagish in the southern Yukon. It is principally the language of the remote community of Telegraph Creek, where there are five fluent speakers and perhaps 15 passive speakers out of a total population of 100. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake. No children are reported to speak or understand it.",bib5240,no +1447-speakers-7,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""15?""}",,"Tahltan is closely related to Kaska (with which it is easily mutually intelligible) and to (nearly extinct) Tagish in the southern Yukon. It is principally the language of the remote community of Telegraph Creek, where there are five fluent speakers and perhaps 15 passive speakers out of a total population of 100. It is also spoken in the mixed Sekani-Tahltan community of Iskut, at Kinaskan Lake. No children are reported to speak or understand it.",bib5240,no 1447-speaker_number-8,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1447-speakers-8,1447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1447-speaker_number-9,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -1447-speakers-9,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,733"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""37 fluent and 55 semi-speakers. 124 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""55"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""124""}",,,bib2905,no +1447-speaker_number-9,1447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +1447-speakers-9,1447,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,733"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""37 fluent and 55 semi-speakers. 124 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""55"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""124""}",,,bib2919,no 1447-LEI-1,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1447-transmission-1,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1447-speaker_number_trends-1,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 1447-vitality-1,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1447-LEI-2,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1447-transmission-2,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1447-speaker_number_trends-2,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1447-vitality-2,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no +1447-LEI-2,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1447-transmission-2,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1447-speaker_number_trends-2,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1447-vitality-2,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no 1447-LEI-3,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults; no children speak or understand it.,bib67,no 1447-transmission-3,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults; no children speak or understand it.,bib67,no 1447-speaker_number_trends-3,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Older adults; no children speak or understand it.,bib67,no 1447-vitality-3,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Older adults; no children speak or understand it.,bib67,no -1447-LEI-4,1447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1447-vitality-4,1447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1447-LEI-5,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -1447-transmission-5,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -1447-speaker_number_trends-5,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -1447-vitality-5,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -1447-LEI-6,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1447-transmission-6,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1447-speaker_number_trends-6,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1447-vitality-6,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1447-LEI-7,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1447-transmission-7,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1447-speaker_number_trends-7,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1447-vitality-7,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1447-LEI-4,1447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1447-vitality-4,1447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1447-LEI-5,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +1447-transmission-5,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +1447-speaker_number_trends-5,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +1447-vitality-5,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.6% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 5.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +1447-LEI-6,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1447-transmission-6,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1447-speaker_number_trends-6,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1447-vitality-6,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.8% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 4.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1447-LEI-7,1447,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1447-transmission-7,1447,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1447-speaker_number_trends-7,1447,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1447-vitality-7,1447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1447-LEI-8,1447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1447-vitality-8,1447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1448-context-1,1448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1448-location-1,1448,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[60.1601, -134.6842]]}",,,bib5307,no -1448-location-2,1448,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Was spoken until the mid 19th century around the lakes at the head of the Yukon River south of Whitehorse.""}",,,bib5217,yes +1448-context-1,1448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1448-location-1,1448,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[60.1601, -134.6842]]}",,,bib5330,no +1448-location-2,1448,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Was spoken until the mid 19th century around the lakes at the head of the Yukon River south of Whitehorse.""}",,,bib5240,yes 1448-location-3,1448,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South Yukon, west or west-northwest of the Tlingit; some at Carcross.""}",,,bib67,no 1448-speaker_number-1,1448,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1448-speakers-1,1448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1448-speaker_number-2,1448,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,yes -1448-speakers-2,1448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib5217,yes +1448-speaker_number-2,1448,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,yes +1448-speakers-2,1448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib5240,yes 1448-speaker_number-3,1448,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 400 possibly (Krauss 1995). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1448-speakers-3,1448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number data: (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 400 possibly (Krauss 1995). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1448-LEI-1,1448,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1448-vitality-1,1448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1448-LEI-2,1448,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1448-transmission-2,1448,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -1448-speaker_number_trends-2,1448,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1448-vitality-2,1448,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1448-LEI-2,1448,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1448-transmission-2,1448,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +1448-speaker_number_trends-2,1448,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1448-vitality-2,1448,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1448-LEI-3,1448,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1448-transmission-3,1448,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1448-speaker_number_trends-3,1448,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1448-vitality-3,1448,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no 1449-context-1,1449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1449-context-2,1449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1449-location-1,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta""}",,,bib2984,no +1449-context-2,1449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1449-location-1,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta""}",,,bib2998,no 1449-location-2,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[53.75, -116.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1449-location-3,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southern Alberta, west and northwest of Calgary, central Alberta, west of Edmonton, on Alexis, Paul, Bighorn, Morley, Eden Valley reserves.""}",,,bib67,no -1449-location-4,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.161, -114.8533]]}",,,bib5307,no -1449-location-5,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on five reserves in Alberta located along the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains west of Calgary and Edmonton: Alexis, Paul, Bighorn, Morley, and Eden Valley. The principal community is Morley, midway between Calgary and Banff.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1449-speaker_number-1,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -1449-speakers-1,1449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +1449-location-4,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.161, -114.8533]]}",,,bib5330,no +1449-location-5,1449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on five reserves in Alberta located along the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains west of Calgary and Edmonton: Alexis, Paul, Bighorn, Morley, and Eden Valley. The principal community is Morley, midway between Calgary and Banff.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1449-speaker_number-1,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +1449-speakers-1,1449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 1449-speaker_number-2,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (2001 SIL). Ethnic population: (1987 SIL). 3,160 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3,200 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 1449-speakers-2,1449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2001 SIL). Ethnic population: (1987 SIL). 3,160 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3,200 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1449-speaker_number-3,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1449-speakers-3,1449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1449-speaker_number-4,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Stoney is an emergent language in the Dakotan dialect complex of Siouan.,bib5217,yes -1449-speakers-4,1449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Stoney is an emergent language in the Dakotan dialect complex of Siouan.,bib5217,yes +1449-speaker_number-3,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1449-speakers-3,1449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1449-speaker_number-4,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Stoney is an emergent language in the Dakotan dialect complex of Siouan.,bib5240,yes +1449-speakers-4,1449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Stoney is an emergent language in the Dakotan dialect complex of Siouan.,bib5240,yes 1449-speaker_number-5,1449,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1449-speakers-5,1449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1449-LEI-1,1449,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1449-transmission-1,1449,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2984,no -1449-vitality-1,1449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1449-LEI-1,1449,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1449-transmission-1,1449,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2998,no +1449-vitality-1,1449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1449-LEI-2,1449,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no 1449-transmission-2,1449,transmission,3,transmission-3,Adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no 1449-vitality-2,1449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no -1449-LEI-3,1449,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1449-vitality-3,1449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1449-LEI-4,1449,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1449-transmission-4,1449,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5217,yes -1449-speaker_number_trends-4,1449,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,yes -1449-vitality-4,1449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1449-LEI-3,1449,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1449-vitality-3,1449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1449-LEI-4,1449,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1449-transmission-4,1449,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,yes +1449-speaker_number_trends-4,1449,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,yes +1449-vitality-4,1449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1449-LEI-5,1449,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1449-vitality-5,1449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1450-context-1,1450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes 1450-context-2,1450,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,Band-sponsored language program has offered K-12 classes in public schools for 25 years.,bib70,no -1450-context-3,1450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -1450-context-4,1450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +1450-context-3,1450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1450-context-4,1450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 1450-location-1,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North and northeast of North Vancouver, British Columbia.""}",,,bib73,yes 1450-location-2,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.667, -123.167]]}",,,bib216,no 1450-location-3,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southwest British Columbia, north of Vancouver.""}",,,bib70,no 1450-location-4,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Squamish Nation -Urban areas, especially in Squamish, North Vancouver and West Vancouver",bib2541,no -1450-location-5,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Squamish reserves on Howe Sound and Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, on the Strait of Georgia immediately north of the city of Vancouver.",bib5217,no +Urban areas, especially in Squamish, North Vancouver and West Vancouver",bib2554,no +1450-location-5,1450,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Squamish reserves on Howe Sound and Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, on the Strait of Georgia immediately north of the city of Vancouver.",bib5240,no 1450-speaker_number-1,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,7 fluent speakers; 34 understand or speak somewhat; 207 learning speakers.,bib73,yes 1450-speakers-1,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,080"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,7 fluent speakers; 34 understand or speak somewhat; 207 learning speakers.,bib73,yes 1450-speaker_number-2,1450,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib70,no 1450-speakers-2,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,080"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib70,no -1450-speaker_number-3,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1282,no -1450-speakers-3,1450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""26""}",,,bib1282,no -1450-speaker_number-4,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2541,no -1450-speakers-4,1450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib2541,no -1450-speaker_number-5,1450,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1450-speakers-5,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""the youngest in their late 60s""}",,,bib5217,no +1450-speaker_number-3,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1291,no +1450-speakers-3,1450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""26""}",,,bib1291,no +1450-speaker_number-4,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2554,no +1450-speakers-4,1450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib2554,no +1450-speaker_number-5,1450,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1450-speakers-5,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""the youngest in their late 60s""}",,,bib5240,no 1450-speaker_number-6,1450,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1450-speakers-6,1450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1450-speaker_number-7,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2905,no -1450-speakers-7,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 fluent and 38 semi-speakers. 349 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""38"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""349""}",,,bib2905,no +1450-speaker_number-7,1450,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2919,no +1450-speakers-7,1450,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 fluent and 38 semi-speakers. 349 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""38"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""349""}",,,bib2919,no 1450-LEI-1,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1450-transmission-1,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1450-speaker_number_trends-1,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes @@ -9597,128 +9659,128 @@ Urban areas, especially in Squamish, North Vancouver and West Vancouver",bib2541 1450-LEI-2,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Shifting to English. Ceremonial contexts, community gatherings. Older adults, 60 and older.",bib70,no 1450-transmission-2,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Shifting to English. Ceremonial contexts, community gatherings. Older adults, 60 and older.",bib70,no 1450-vitality-2,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Shifting to English. Ceremonial contexts, community gatherings. Older adults, 60 and older.",bib70,no -1450-LEI-3,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1282,no -1450-transmission-3,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1282,no -1450-speaker_number_trends-3,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1282,no -1450-vitality-3,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1282,no -1450-LEI-4,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2541,no -1450-transmission-4,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2541,no -1450-speaker_number_trends-4,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2541,no -1450-vitality-4,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2541,no -1450-LEI-5,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1450-transmission-5,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1450-speaker_number_trends-5,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1450-vitality-5,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1450-LEI-3,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1291,no +1450-transmission-3,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1291,no +1450-speaker_number_trends-3,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1291,no +1450-vitality-3,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 10.5% learners",bib1291,no +1450-LEI-4,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2554,no +1450-transmission-4,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2554,no +1450-speaker_number_trends-4,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2554,no +1450-vitality-4,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 5% learners.",bib2554,no +1450-LEI-5,1450,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1450-transmission-5,1450,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1450-speaker_number_trends-5,1450,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1450-vitality-5,1450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1450-LEI-6,1450,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1450-vitality-6,1450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1452-context-1,1452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6505,no +1452-context-1,1452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6529,no 1452-location-1,1452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.5, -60.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1452-location-2,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz Department, provinces of \u00d1uflo de Ch\u00e1vez, Velasco, Chiquitos, Angel Sandoval and Germ\u00e1n Busch, San Ignacio, San Miguel, San Rafael, Santa Rosa de la Roca, San Javier, San Ram\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n, Lomer\u00edo, Robor\u00e9, San Jos\u00e9, Florida.""}",,"Santa Cruz Department, provinces of Ñuflo de Chávez, Velasco, Chiquitos, Angel Sandoval and Germán Busch, San Ignacio, San Miguel, San Rafael, Santa Rosa de la Roca, San Javier, San Ramón, Concepción, Lomerío, Roboré, San José, Florida.",bib67,no -1452-location-3,1452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.4345, -58.0627]]}",,,bib5307,no -1452-location-4,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""lowlands of Bolivia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.7, -61.4]]}",,,bib6505,no -1452-location-5,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia: Department of Santa Cruz, provinces of Nuflo de Chavez, Velasco, Chiquitos, Angel Sandoval and German Busch. Brazil: Mato Grosso State, border area with Bolivia, municipalities of Vila Bela, Caceres, and Porto Espiridiao.""}",,,bib1903,no -1452-location-6,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1452-location-3,1452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.4345, -58.0627]]}",,,bib5330,no +1452-location-4,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""lowlands of Bolivia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.7, -61.4]]}",,,bib6529,no +1452-location-5,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia: Department of Santa Cruz, provinces of Nuflo de Chavez, Velasco, Chiquitos, Angel Sandoval and German Busch. Brazil: Mato Grosso State, border area with Bolivia, municipalities of Vila Bela, Caceres, and Porto Espiridiao.""}",,,bib1915,no +1452-location-6,1452,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1452-speaker_number-1,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). ""ISA (2000) lists 2,000 in Brazil."" 5,860 in Bolivia (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 47,100 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 1452-speakers-1,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47,086"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,860"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). ""ISA (2000) lists 2,000 in Brazil."" 5,860 in Bolivia (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 47,100 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -1452-speaker_number-2,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1452-speakers-2,1452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1452-speaker_number-3,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6505,no -1452-speakers-3,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6505,no -1452-speakers-4,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47,080""}",,"~5,880 speakers in Bolivia. There are more speakers in Brazil, but the number is unknown.",bib1903,no +1452-speaker_number-2,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1452-speakers-2,1452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1452-speaker_number-3,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6529,no +1452-speakers-3,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6529,no +1452-speakers-4,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47,080""}",,"~5,880 speakers in Bolivia. There are more speakers in Brazil, but the number is unknown.",bib1915,no 1452-speaker_number-5,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1452-speakers-5,1452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,855"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1452-speaker_number-6,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,615 speakers in Bolivia out of an ethnic population of 195,624, and 50 speakers out of 737 in Brazil.",bib1902,yes -1452-speakers-6,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""196,361"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,665"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,615 speakers in Bolivia out of an ethnic population of 195,624, and 50 speakers out of 737 in Brazil.",bib1902,yes +1452-speaker_number-6,1452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,615 speakers in Bolivia out of an ethnic population of 195,624, and 50 speakers out of 737 in Brazil.",bib1914,yes +1452-speakers-6,1452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""196,361"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,665"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,615 speakers in Bolivia out of an ethnic population of 195,624, and 50 speakers out of 737 in Brazil.",bib1914,yes 1452-LEI-1,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1452-vitality-1,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1452-LEI-2,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1452-vitality-2,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1452-LEI-3,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6505,no -1452-vitality-3,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6505,no +1452-LEI-2,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1452-vitality-2,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1452-LEI-3,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6529,no +1452-vitality-3,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6529,no 1452-LEI-5,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1452-vitality-5,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1452-LEI-6,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1452-vitality-6,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1453-location-1,1453,location,"{""Places"": [""Nilgiri-Wynaad region of southern India""]}",,,bib1757,yes +1452-LEI-6,1452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1452-vitality-6,1452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1453-location-1,1453,location,"{""Places"": [""Nilgiri-Wynaad region of southern India""]}",,,bib1769,yes 1453-location-2,1453,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.5, 76.75]]}",,,bib216,no -1453-speaker_number-1,1453,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1757,yes -1453-speakers-1,1453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1757,yes +1453-speaker_number-1,1453,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1769,yes +1453-speakers-1,1453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1769,yes 1453-speaker_number-2,1453,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"32,000 (2003), increasing",bib67,no 1453-speakers-2,1453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"32,000 (2003), increasing",bib67,no -1453-LEI-2,1453,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Betta Kurumba is under pressure from an influx of immigrants to the area speaking more politically dominant languages.,bib1757,yes -1453-vitality-2,1453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Betta Kurumba is under pressure from an influx of immigrants to the area speaking more politically dominant languages.,bib1757,yes +1453-LEI-2,1453,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Betta Kurumba is under pressure from an influx of immigrants to the area speaking more politically dominant languages.,bib1769,yes +1453-vitality-2,1453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Betta Kurumba is under pressure from an influx of immigrants to the area speaking more politically dominant languages.,bib1769,yes 1453-LEI-3,1453,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,increasing,bib67,no 1453-vitality-3,1453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,increasing,bib67,no -1454-context-1,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pijin: Solomon Islands variety of Melanesian Pidgin""}",,,bib7622,no -1454-context-2,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo, Pijin"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Blablanga speakers seem to be gradually shifting not to Pijin, but to another indigenous language, Cheke Holo, the major trade language of Santa Isabel, in which the majority of Blablanga speakers are reported to be bilingual. They use it for communication with neighbouring communities in most spheres of activity, except for education, where Pijin and English are imposed.",bib7623,yes -1454-context-3,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (Maringhe)""}",,"Speakers are bilingual in Cheke Holo (Maringhe), putting pressure on Blablanga.",bib7937,no +1454-context-1,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pijin: Solomon Islands variety of Melanesian Pidgin""}",,,bib7647,no +1454-context-2,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo, Pijin"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Blablanga speakers seem to be gradually shifting not to Pijin, but to another indigenous language, Cheke Holo, the major trade language of Santa Isabel, in which the majority of Blablanga speakers are reported to be bilingual. They use it for communication with neighbouring communities in most spheres of activity, except for education, where Pijin and English are imposed.",bib7648,yes +1454-context-3,1454,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (Maringhe)""}",,"Speakers are bilingual in Cheke Holo (Maringhe), putting pressure on Blablanga.",bib7962,no 1454-location-1,1454,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -1454-location-2,1454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.206, 159.4638]]}",,,bib5307,no -1454-location-3,1454,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib7622,no -1454-location-4,1454,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern and southwestern coast of the southern central part of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7937,no +1454-location-2,1454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.206, 159.4638]]}",,,bib5330,no +1454-location-3,1454,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib7647,no +1454-location-4,1454,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern and southwestern coast of the southern central part of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7962,no 1454-speaker_number-1,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 1454-speakers-1,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no -1454-speaker_number-2,1454,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1454-speakers-2,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1454-speaker_number-3,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7622,no -1454-speakers-3,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7622,no -1454-speaker_number-4,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7623,yes -1454-speakers-4,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7623,yes +1454-speaker_number-2,1454,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1454-speakers-2,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1454-speaker_number-3,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7647,no +1454-speakers-3,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7647,no +1454-speaker_number-4,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7648,yes +1454-speakers-4,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7648,yes 1454-speaker_number-5,1454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1454-speakers-5,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,772"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1454-speaker_number-6,1454,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -1454-speakers-6,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no +1454-speaker_number-6,1454,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +1454-speakers-6,1454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no 1454-LEI-1,1454,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1454-vitality-1,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1454-LEI-2,1454,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1454-vitality-2,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1454-LEI-3,1454,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7622,no -1454-vitality-3,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7622,no -1454-LEI-4,1454,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7623,yes -1454-transmission-4,1454,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7623,yes -1454-domains_of_use-4,1454,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7623,yes -1454-vitality-4,1454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7623,yes +1454-LEI-2,1454,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1454-vitality-2,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1454-LEI-3,1454,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7647,no +1454-vitality-3,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7647,no +1454-LEI-4,1454,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7648,yes +1454-transmission-4,1454,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7648,yes +1454-domains_of_use-4,1454,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7648,yes +1454-vitality-4,1454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7648,yes 1454-LEI-5,1454,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1454-vitality-5,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1454-LEI-6,1454,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -1454-vitality-6,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -1455-context-1,1455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tukano, Portuguese""}",,,bib6831,yes -1455-context-2,1455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tucano, other Tucanoan languages, Spanish""}",,The Desano practice linguistic exogamy and speak Tucano as well as another Tucanoan language spoken by their mothers. Many Desano in Colombia are bilingual in Spanish.,bib1903,no -1455-location-1,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"In 18 communiteis on the Papuri, Tiquié, and Vaupés rivers and their tributaries in Brazil and Colombia. The Brazilian communities on the Tiquié River (and its tributaries) are São João Batista, Santo Antônio, Cucura Manaus, Floresta, Sitio São Pedro, São Lourenço, Santa Rosa, São Sebastião, Urubu Lago, Tucandra, and Piracema. (Speakers of Tukano, Yuhup, and Hup are also found in most of these.) On the Papuri River, the communities are Turi São João, and San José de Viña in Colombia. On the Vaupés River, two communities are found in Colombia (Igarapé, Abiu). There are also some speakers who have moved to larger towns and urban centers, e.g. Manaus, Iauareté, São Gabriel Cachoeira.",bib6831,yes -1455-location-2,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""In Brazil, 50 communities spread along tributaries of the Papur\u00ed, Tiqui\u00e9, and Vaup\u00e9s rivers\n\nTiqui\u00e9 area (Brazil): 0.272789, -69.761979\nPapur\u00ed area (Brazil/Colombia): 0.620173, -69.749138\nPaca River area (Colombia): 0.719640, -70.181896"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.272789, -69.761979], [0.620173, -69.749138], [0.71964, -70.181896]]}",,,bib6834,no -1455-location-3,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, northwestern Amazonas State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Alto Rio Negro Rio Negro, region along the border with Colombia, sixty communities and sites along the margins of the Tiquie River and its tributaries; Colombia, Department of Vaupes, near to the Vaupes, Papur\u0131, Abiyu, Macu-Panara, and Vi\u00f1a rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +1454-LEI-6,1454,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +1454-vitality-6,1454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +1455-context-1,1455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tukano, Portuguese""}",,,bib6855,yes +1455-context-2,1455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tucano, other Tucanoan languages, Spanish""}",,The Desano practice linguistic exogamy and speak Tucano as well as another Tucanoan language spoken by their mothers. Many Desano in Colombia are bilingual in Spanish.,bib1915,no +1455-location-1,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"In 18 communiteis on the Papuri, Tiquié, and Vaupés rivers and their tributaries in Brazil and Colombia. The Brazilian communities on the Tiquié River (and its tributaries) are São João Batista, Santo Antônio, Cucura Manaus, Floresta, Sitio São Pedro, São Lourenço, Santa Rosa, São Sebastião, Urubu Lago, Tucandra, and Piracema. (Speakers of Tukano, Yuhup, and Hup are also found in most of these.) On the Papuri River, the communities are Turi São João, and San José de Viña in Colombia. On the Vaupés River, two communities are found in Colombia (Igarapé, Abiu). There are also some speakers who have moved to larger towns and urban centers, e.g. Manaus, Iauareté, São Gabriel Cachoeira.",bib6855,yes +1455-location-2,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""], ""Description"": ""In Brazil, 50 communities spread along tributaries of the Papur\u00ed, Tiqui\u00e9, and Vaup\u00e9s rivers\n\nTiqui\u00e9 area (Brazil): 0.272789, -69.761979\nPapur\u00ed area (Brazil/Colombia): 0.620173, -69.749138\nPaca River area (Colombia): 0.719640, -70.181896"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.272789, -69.761979], [0.620173, -69.749138], [0.71964, -70.181896]]}",,,bib6858,no +1455-location-3,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, northwestern Amazonas State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Alto Rio Negro Rio Negro, region along the border with Colombia, sixty communities and sites along the margins of the Tiquie River and its tributaries; Colombia, Department of Vaupes, near to the Vaupes, Papur\u0131, Abiyu, Macu-Panara, and Vi\u00f1a rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 1455-location-4,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: \""Northwestern Amazonas, Terra Ind\u00edgena Alto Rio Negro, region along the border with Colombia, sixty communities and sites along the margins of the Tiqui\u00e9 river and its tributaries.\"" Colombia: \""Vaupes Department, Vaup\u00e9s river tributaries, Papur\u00ed and Abiyu rivers; Papur\u00ed tributaries Pac\u00e1, Mac\u00fa Parana and others; Villa F\u00e1tima village and Montfort, Piracuara, Acaricuara, and Teresita missions.\""""}",,,bib68,no -1455-location-5,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no -1455-speaker_number-1,1455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 150 in Brazil, about 300 in Colombia.",bib6831,yes -1455-speakers-1,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 150 in Brazil, about 300 in Colombia.",bib6831,yes -1455-speaker_number-2,1455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1455-speakers-2,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1455-speaker_number-4,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1455-speakers-4,1455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,671"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,671"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1455-location-5,1455,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no +1455-speaker_number-1,1455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"About 150 in Brazil, about 300 in Colombia.",bib6855,yes +1455-speakers-1,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"About 150 in Brazil, about 300 in Colombia.",bib6855,yes +1455-speaker_number-2,1455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1455-speakers-2,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1455-speaker_number-4,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1455-speakers-4,1455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,671"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,671"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1455-speaker_number-5,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"960 in Brazil (1995 SIL). 2,460 in Colombia (2001 census). 900 Brazil, 2460 Colombia; total 3360 (2016).",bib68,no 1455-speakers-5,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995, 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"960 in Brazil (1995 SIL). 2,460 in Colombia (2001 census). 900 Brazil, 2460 Colombia; total 3360 (2016).",bib68,no 1455-speaker_number-6,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1455-speakers-6,1455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,760"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1455-speaker_number-7,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,157 total speakers: 700 in Brazil, 2,457 in Colombia; There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 2204 people in Brazil and 2457 speakers in Colombia. 2,204 Brazil (2005), 2,457 Colombia (2001)",bib1902,no -1455-speakers-7,1455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,661"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,157"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,157 total speakers: 700 in Brazil, 2,457 in Colombia; There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 2204 people in Brazil and 2457 speakers in Colombia. 2,204 Brazil (2005), 2,457 Colombia (2001)",bib1902,no -1455-LEI-1,1455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Brazil, the average age of the youngest speakers is ~45 year old. In Colombia, there are communities where young children speak the language fluently. Most Desano people in Brazil speak Tukano as the language of daily communication in their communities; they also speak Portuguese. In Colombia, in some communities, children speak the language and Desano is the language of daily use. On the Paca River, many Desano speakers do not speak Tukano.",bib6831,yes -1455-vitality-1,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In Brazil, the average age of the youngest speakers is ~45 year old. In Colombia, there are communities where young children speak the language fluently. Most Desano people in Brazil speak Tukano as the language of daily communication in their communities; they also speak Portuguese. In Colombia, in some communities, children speak the language and Desano is the language of daily use. On the Paca River, many Desano speakers do not speak Tukano.",bib6831,yes -1455-LEI-2,1455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1455-vitality-2,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1455-LEI-3,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,They use Desano almost exclusively in the villages.,bib1903,no -1455-vitality-3,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,They use Desano almost exclusively in the villages.,bib1903,no +1455-speaker_number-7,1455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,157 total speakers: 700 in Brazil, 2,457 in Colombia; There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 2204 people in Brazil and 2457 speakers in Colombia. 2,204 Brazil (2005), 2,457 Colombia (2001)",bib1914,no +1455-speakers-7,1455,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,661"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,157"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,157 total speakers: 700 in Brazil, 2,457 in Colombia; There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 2204 people in Brazil and 2457 speakers in Colombia. 2,204 Brazil (2005), 2,457 Colombia (2001)",bib1914,no +1455-LEI-1,1455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Brazil, the average age of the youngest speakers is ~45 year old. In Colombia, there are communities where young children speak the language fluently. Most Desano people in Brazil speak Tukano as the language of daily communication in their communities; they also speak Portuguese. In Colombia, in some communities, children speak the language and Desano is the language of daily use. On the Paca River, many Desano speakers do not speak Tukano.",bib6855,yes +1455-vitality-1,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In Brazil, the average age of the youngest speakers is ~45 year old. In Colombia, there are communities where young children speak the language fluently. Most Desano people in Brazil speak Tukano as the language of daily communication in their communities; they also speak Portuguese. In Colombia, in some communities, children speak the language and Desano is the language of daily use. On the Paca River, many Desano speakers do not speak Tukano.",bib6855,yes +1455-LEI-2,1455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1455-vitality-2,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1455-LEI-3,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,They use Desano almost exclusively in the villages.,bib1915,no +1455-vitality-3,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,They use Desano almost exclusively in the villages.,bib1915,no 1455-LEI-4,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1455-vitality-4,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1455-LEI-5,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1455-vitality-5,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1455-LEI-6,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1455-vitality-6,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1455-LEI-6,1455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1455-vitality-6,1455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1456-context-1,1456,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fante"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,96.4% of Winneba residents speak at least two languages; 93.6% of Winneba residents speak both Effutu and Fante.,bib371,yes 1456-location-1,1456,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Winneba is a small fishing town of Effutu-Awutu speakers in the Central Region of Ghana. The town, which is almost surrounded by Fante speaking towns, is currently the home of a major national university. During each school semester, the number of non-natives outnumbers the indigenes."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.346992, -0.62723]]}",,,bib371,yes 1456-location-2,1456,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Winneba, a coastal town in the Central Region of Ghana, and surrounding villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.343437, -0.621786]]}",,,bib332,no @@ -9733,227 +9795,227 @@ Urban areas, especially in Squamish, North Vancouver and West Vancouver",bib2541 1456-vitality-1,1456,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"95% of Winneba residents who responded to this survey spoke Effutu. 59.5% reported that Effutu was the primary language used in their home; however, the language used most often overall was Fante for 73.2% of respondents. Language use across generations varies; 88.9% of Winneba residents aged 51 or more learned Effutu as their first language, but only 58.3% of those 31-50, and 52.7% of those under 30. The pattern clearly indicates language loss through the generations. Clearly, Effutu is losing grounds to Fante. Winneba children are not using the Effutu language because some parents prefer speaking to their children in Fante rather than the indigenous language.",bib371,yes 1456-LEI-2,1456,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib332,no 1456-vitality-2,1456,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib332,no -1457-context-1,1457,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Finnish""}",,,bib6474,no -1457-context-2,1457,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Neither [Ingrian nor Votic] has ever had administrative status, and the social prestige of thelanguages has always been very low.",bib6396,yes -1457-location-1,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Gulf of Finland, St.Petersburg""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the cape of Kovashi, Sykin, and Kurkola.""}",,,bib6474,no -1457-location-2,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Western part of Leningrad oblast""}",,"The Soikkola dialect is spoken on the Soikkola peninsula, and the Lower Luga dialect is spoken in the Lower Luga area.",bib6396,yes +1457-context-1,1457,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Finnish""}",,,bib6498,no +1457-context-2,1457,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Neither [Ingrian nor Votic] has ever had administrative status, and the social prestige of thelanguages has always been very low.",bib6420,yes +1457-location-1,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Gulf of Finland, St.Petersburg""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the cape of Kovashi, Sykin, and Kurkola.""}",,,bib6498,no +1457-location-2,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Western part of Leningrad oblast""}",,"The Soikkola dialect is spoken on the Soikkola peninsula, and the Lower Luga dialect is spoken in the Lower Luga area.",bib6420,yes 1457-location-3,1457,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.0, 29.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1457-location-4,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1457-location-5,1457,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.7397, 28.7017]]}",,,bib5307,no -1457-location-6,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Leningrad district, Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.716667, 28.466667]]}",,,bib6397,no +1457-location-5,1457,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.7397, 28.7017]]}",,,bib5330,no +1457-location-6,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Leningrad district, Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.716667, 28.466667]]}",,,bib6421,no 1457-location-7,1457,location,"{""Places"": [""Ingermanland (Ingria), Russia""], ""Description"": ""Ingermanland is the descendant of ancient Ingria in the area of the Gulf of Finland, the river basin of Neva and Lake Ladoga that became a Swedish province (in Swedish: Ingermanland) after the battles during the years 1570--1595 and 1610--1617. It included Jaanilinna (\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434), Jaama (\u042f\u043c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433), Kaprio (\u041a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435) and P\u00e4hkin\u00e4linna (\u041e\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043a) county -- all together roughly 15,000 square kilometres. The area of Ingermanland extended 200 kilometres from the River Narva in the west to the River Lava in the east and from north to south 130 kilometres. From 1710 on, Ingermanland was part of St. Petersburg, from 1914 of Petrograd and from 1927 of the province of Leningrad.""}",,,bib213,no -1457-speaker_number-1,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -1457-speakers-1,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no -1457-speaker_number-2,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6396,yes -1457-speakers-2,1457,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (speaker numbers); 1989 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6396,yes +1457-speaker_number-1,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +1457-speakers-1,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no +1457-speaker_number-2,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6420,yes +1457-speakers-2,1457,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (speaker numbers); 1989 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6420,yes 1457-speaker_number-3,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,360 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 820 (1989 census),bib67,no 1457-speakers-3,1457,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2002 (census), populations 1989 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,360 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 820 (1989 census),bib67,no -1457-speaker_number-4,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1457-speakers-4,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1457-speaker_number-5,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6397,no -1457-speakers-5,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""most if not all""}",,,bib6397,no +1457-speaker_number-4,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1457-speakers-4,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1457-speaker_number-5,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6421,no +1457-speakers-5,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""most if not all""}",,,bib6421,no 1457-speaker_number-6,1457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1457-speakers-6,1457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""302"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1457-speaker_number-7,1457,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1457-speakers-7,1457,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,239"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,428"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1457-LEI-1,1457,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -1457-transmission-1,1457,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -1457-vitality-1,1457,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no -1457-LEI-2,1457,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6396,yes -1457-transmission-2,1457,transmission,4,transmission-4,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6396,yes -1457-speaker_number_trends-2,1457,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6396,yes -1457-vitality-2,1457,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6396,yes +1457-LEI-1,1457,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +1457-transmission-1,1457,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +1457-vitality-1,1457,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no +1457-LEI-2,1457,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6420,yes +1457-transmission-2,1457,transmission,4,transmission-4,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6420,yes +1457-speaker_number_trends-2,1457,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6420,yes +1457-vitality-2,1457,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards.,bib6420,yes 1457-LEI-3,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1457-vitality-3,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1457-LEI-4,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1457-vitality-4,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1457-LEI-5,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6397,no -1457-vitality-5,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6397,no +1457-LEI-4,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1457-vitality-4,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1457-LEI-5,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6421,no +1457-vitality-5,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6421,no 1457-LEI-6,1457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1457-vitality-6,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1457-LEI-7,1457,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1457-vitality-7,1457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1458-location-1,1458,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.058333, -69.691667]]}",,,bib2138,no +1458-location-1,1458,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.058333, -69.691667]]}",,,bib2151,no 1458-location-2,1458,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5, -68.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1458-location-3,1458,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -1458-speaker_number-1,1458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2138,no -1458-speakers-1,1458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2138,no +1458-speaker_number-1,1458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2151,no +1458-speakers-1,1458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2151,no 1458-speaker_number-2,1458,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1458-speakers-2,1458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""647"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1458-speaker_number-3,1458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most of the 1654 are speakers.,bib1902,yes -1458-speakers-3,1458,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1654"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most of the 1654 are speakers.,bib1902,yes +1458-speaker_number-3,1458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most of the 1654 are speakers.,bib1914,yes +1458-speakers-3,1458,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1654"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most of the 1654 are speakers.,bib1914,yes 1458-speaker_number-4,1458,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,330 (Moore 2006). 100 Tsohom-Djapa speakers (Crevels 2007); ethnic population: 2,750 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib67,no 1458-speakers-4,1458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (ISA)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,330 (Moore 2006). 100 Tsohom-Djapa speakers (Crevels 2007); ethnic population: 2,750 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib67,no -1458-LEI-1,1458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2138,no -1458-vitality-1,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2138,no +1458-LEI-1,1458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2151,no +1458-vitality-1,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2151,no 1458-LEI-2,1458,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1458-vitality-2,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1458-LEI-3,1458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1458-vitality-3,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1458-LEI-3,1458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1458-vitality-3,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1458-LEI-4,1458,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1458-vitality-4,1458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1459-context-1,1459,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malaysian English""}",,"Originally derived from Portuguese creole as spoken on the west coast of India, but with extensive local Malay lexical material; being replaced by Malaysian English. However, as a result of the new requirement for members of the group to speak the language in order to gain access to various benefits as bumiputra (indigenous) Malaysians, many non-speakers wish to learn it.",bib1205,yes +1459-context-1,1459,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malaysian English""}",,"Originally derived from Portuguese creole as spoken on the west coast of India, but with extensive local Malay lexical material; being replaced by Malaysian English. However, as a result of the new requirement for members of the group to speak the language in order to gain access to various benefits as bumiputra (indigenous) Malaysians, many non-speakers wish to learn it.",bib1214,yes 1459-location-1,1459,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.2, 102.25]]}",,,bib216,no -1459-location-2,1459,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1935, 102.256]]}",,,bib5307,no -1459-location-3,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Kristang is spoken spoken in the Hilir suburb of Malacca (Bandar Hilir), West Malaysia and by descendants of the Malacca community elsewhere in Malaysia and Singapore."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.1917093, 102.2512155]]}",,,bib8175,no -1459-location-4,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southwest peninsular, Melaka (Malacca)""}",,,bib1205,yes -1459-location-5,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Portuguese settlement in Melaka""}",,,bib5928,no +1459-location-2,1459,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1935, 102.256]]}",,,bib5330,no +1459-location-3,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Kristang is spoken spoken in the Hilir suburb of Malacca (Bandar Hilir), West Malaysia and by descendants of the Malacca community elsewhere in Malaysia and Singapore."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.1917093, 102.2512155]]}",,,bib8200,no +1459-location-4,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southwest peninsular, Melaka (Malacca)""}",,,bib1214,yes +1459-location-5,1459,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Portuguese settlement in Melaka""}",,,bib5952,no 1459-speaker_number-1,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1459-speakers-1,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1459-speaker_number-2,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1459-speakers-2,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1459-speaker_number-3,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker numbers refer to the Malacca area only and do not represent populations In other parts of Malaysia and Singapore.,bib8175,no -1459-speakers-3,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker numbers refer to the Malacca area only and do not represent populations In other parts of Malaysia and Singapore.,bib8175,no -1459-speaker_number-4,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1459-speakers-4,1459,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""About a third"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -1459-speaker_number-5,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5928,no -1459-speakers-5,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5928,no +1459-speaker_number-2,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1459-speakers-2,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1459-speaker_number-3,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker numbers refer to the Malacca area only and do not represent populations In other parts of Malaysia and Singapore.,bib8200,no +1459-speakers-3,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker numbers refer to the Malacca area only and do not represent populations In other parts of Malaysia and Singapore.,bib8200,no +1459-speaker_number-4,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1459-speakers-4,1459,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""About a third"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +1459-speaker_number-5,1459,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5952,no +1459-speakers-5,1459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5952,no 1459-LEI-1,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1459-vitality-1,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1459-LEI-2,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1459-vitality-2,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1459-LEI-3,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8175,no -1459-vitality-3,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8175,no -1459-LEI-4,1459,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1459-transmission-4,1459,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,yes -1459-speaker_number_trends-4,1459,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -1459-vitality-4,1459,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes -1459-LEI-5,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5928,no -1459-vitality-5,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5928,no -1460-context-1,1460,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib4024,yes -1460-location-1,1460,location,"{""Places"": [""Cenderawasih Bay, Indonesia""]}",,,bib4024,yes +1459-LEI-2,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1459-vitality-2,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1459-LEI-3,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8200,no +1459-vitality-3,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8200,no +1459-LEI-4,1459,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1459-transmission-4,1459,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,yes +1459-speaker_number_trends-4,1459,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +1459-vitality-4,1459,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes +1459-LEI-5,1459,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5952,no +1459-vitality-5,1459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5952,no +1460-context-1,1460,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib4044,yes +1460-location-1,1460,location,"{""Places"": [""Cenderawasih Bay, Indonesia""]}",,,bib4044,yes 1460-location-2,1460,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.95, 135.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1460-location-3,1460,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1460-speaker_number-1,1460,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1460-speakers-1,1460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1460-speaker_number-2,1460,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4024,yes -1460-speakers-2,1460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4024,yes +1460-speaker_number-2,1460,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4044,yes +1460-speakers-2,1460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4044,yes 1460-speaker_number-3,1460,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 1460-speakers-3,1460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 1460-LEI-1,1460,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1460-vitality-1,1460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1460-LEI-2,1460,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4024,yes -1460-vitality-2,1460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4024,yes +1460-LEI-2,1460,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4044,yes +1460-vitality-2,1460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4044,yes 1460-LEI-3,1460,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1460-vitality-3,1460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1463-location-1,1463,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.9523, -14.7629]]}",,,bib5307,no -1463-location-2,1463,location,"{""Places"": [""Kanfarand\u00e9 sub-prefecture, Bok\u00e9 prefecture, Guinea"", ""Tombali region, Guinea-Bissau""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the littorals of Guinea and Guinea-Bissau. In Guinea, most Nalu speakers live north of the river Nu\u00f1ez on the Trist\u00e3o islands, located in the sub-prefecture of Kanfarand\u00e9, prefecture of Bok\u00e9. Across the border in Guinea-Bissau, speakers of Nalu inhabit the Cacine estuary in the Tombali region.""}",,,bib6689,yes +1463-location-1,1463,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.9523, -14.7629]]}",,,bib5330,no +1463-location-2,1463,location,"{""Places"": [""Kanfarand\u00e9 sub-prefecture, Bok\u00e9 prefecture, Guinea"", ""Tombali region, Guinea-Bissau""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the littorals of Guinea and Guinea-Bissau. In Guinea, most Nalu speakers live north of the river Nu\u00f1ez on the Trist\u00e3o islands, located in the sub-prefecture of Kanfarand\u00e9, prefecture of Bok\u00e9. Across the border in Guinea-Bissau, speakers of Nalu inhabit the Cacine estuary in the Tombali region.""}",,,bib6713,yes 1463-location-3,1463,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea"", ""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -1463-speaker_number-1,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1463-speakers-1,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1463-speaker_number-2,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,no -1463-speakers-2,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,no -1463-speaker_number-3,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nalu is predominantly spoken by an adult population (>30 years) and counts significantly less than 22,000 speakers.",bib6689,yes -1463-speakers-3,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nalu is predominantly spoken by an adult population (>30 years) and counts significantly less than 22,000 speakers.",bib6689,yes +1463-speaker_number-1,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1463-speakers-1,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1463-speaker_number-2,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,no +1463-speakers-2,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,no +1463-speaker_number-3,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nalu is predominantly spoken by an adult population (>30 years) and counts significantly less than 22,000 speakers.",bib6713,yes +1463-speakers-3,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nalu is predominantly spoken by an adult population (>30 years) and counts significantly less than 22,000 speakers.",bib6713,yes 1463-speaker_number-4,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1463-speakers-4,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1463-speaker_number-5,1463,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 in Guinea (Johnstone 1993). Population total all countries: 21,830.",bib67,no 1463-speakers-5,1463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993 Guinea"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 in Guinea (Johnstone 1993). Population total all countries: 21,830.",bib67,no -1463-LEI-1,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1463-vitality-1,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1463-LEI-2,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -1463-vitality-2,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -1463-LEI-3,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6689,yes -1463-vitality-3,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6689,yes +1463-LEI-1,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1463-vitality-1,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1463-LEI-2,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +1463-vitality-2,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +1463-LEI-3,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6713,yes +1463-vitality-3,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6713,yes 1463-LEI-4,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1463-vitality-4,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1463-LEI-5,1463,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1463-vitality-5,1463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1464-context-2,1464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manado Malay, Bahasa Indonesia""}",,,bib3985,yes +1464-context-2,1464,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manado Malay, Bahasa Indonesia""}",,,bib4005,yes 1464-location-1,1464,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.08333333333, 124.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1464-location-2,1464,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1464-location-3,1464,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0354, 124.7985]]}",,,bib5307,no -1464-location-4,1464,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern section of the northern peninsula of Sulawesi, extending to the southern coast of the northern peninsula.""}",,,bib7938,no -1464-location-5,1464,location,"{""Places"": [""North Sulawesi, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""southern Minhasa""}",,,bib3985,yes +1464-location-3,1464,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0354, 124.7985]]}",,,bib5330,no +1464-location-4,1464,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern section of the northern peninsula of Sulawesi, extending to the southern coast of the northern peninsula.""}",,,bib7963,no +1464-location-5,1464,location,"{""Places"": [""North Sulawesi, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""southern Minhasa""}",,,bib4005,yes 1464-speaker_number-1,1464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1464-speakers-1,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1464-speaker_number-2,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1464-speakers-2,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1464-speaker_number-3,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1464-speakers-3,1464,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000 in 1989"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few thousand""}",,,bib7938,no +1464-speaker_number-2,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1464-speakers-2,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1464-speaker_number-3,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1464-speakers-3,1464,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000 in 1989"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few thousand""}",,,bib7963,no 1464-speaker_number-4,1464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1464-speakers-4,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1464-speaker_number-5,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3985,yes -1464-speakers-5,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3985,yes +1464-speaker_number-5,1464,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4005,yes +1464-speakers-5,1464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4005,yes 1464-LEI-1,1464,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1464-vitality-1,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1464-LEI-2,1464,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1464-vitality-2,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1464-LEI-3,1464,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1464-speaker_number_trends-3,1464,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1464-vitality-3,1464,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1464-LEI-2,1464,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1464-vitality-2,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1464-LEI-3,1464,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1464-speaker_number_trends-3,1464,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1464-vitality-3,1464,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1464-LEI-4,1464,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1464-vitality-4,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1464-LEI-5,1464,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3985,yes -1464-vitality-5,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3985,yes -1465-context-1,1465,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama is the lingua franca, used in most interractions with speakers of other languages. English is the language of education.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, Apma, Se, English"", ""Government Support"": ""No real government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Seke language kindergarten""}",,"Although a Kindergarten recently opened in the area with Seke as the language of instruction, instructers still find it necessary to use Bislama while teaching.",bib3892,yes -1465-context-2,1465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Apma""}",,Language under pressure from Apma,bib7938,no -1465-location-1,1465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.827544, 168.203125]]}",,,bib7945,no -1465-location-2,1465,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Pentecost Island. In the villages of Barawet and Lonoraore."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.825, 168.169]]}",,,bib3892,yes -1465-location-3,1465,location,"{""Places"": [""Pentecost Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central Pentecost (Raga) Island""}",,,bib7938,no +1464-LEI-5,1464,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4005,yes +1464-vitality-5,1464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4005,yes +1465-context-1,1465,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama is the lingua franca, used in most interractions with speakers of other languages. English is the language of education.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, Apma, Se, English"", ""Government Support"": ""No real government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Seke language kindergarten""}",,"Although a Kindergarten recently opened in the area with Seke as the language of instruction, instructers still find it necessary to use Bislama while teaching.",bib3912,yes +1465-context-2,1465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Apma""}",,Language under pressure from Apma,bib7963,no +1465-location-1,1465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.827544, 168.203125]]}",,,bib7970,no +1465-location-2,1465,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Pentecost Island. In the villages of Barawet and Lonoraore."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.825, 168.169]]}",,,bib3912,yes +1465-location-3,1465,location,"{""Places"": [""Pentecost Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central Pentecost (Raga) Island""}",,,bib7963,no 1465-location-4,1465,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 1465-speaker_number-1,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1465-speakers-1,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1465-speaker_number-2,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Based on Lynch and Crowley (2001),bib3892,yes -1465-speakers-2,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Based on Lynch and Crowley (2001),bib3892,yes -1465-speaker_number-3,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 300 speakers were reported. The speaker numbers may not be much less now, but children are beginning not to learn Seke.",bib7938,no -1465-speakers-3,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 300 speakers were reported. The speaker numbers may not be much less now, but children are beginning not to learn Seke.",bib7938,no +1465-speaker_number-2,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Based on Lynch and Crowley (2001),bib3912,yes +1465-speakers-2,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Based on Lynch and Crowley (2001),bib3912,yes +1465-speaker_number-3,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 300 speakers were reported. The speaker numbers may not be much less now, but children are beginning not to learn Seke.",bib7963,no +1465-speakers-3,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 300 speakers were reported. The speaker numbers may not be much less now, but children are beginning not to learn Seke.",bib7963,no 1465-speaker_number-4,1465,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 1465-speakers-4,1465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 1465-LEI-1,1465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1465-vitality-1,1465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1465-LEI-2,1465,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3892,yes -1465-transmission-2,1465,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3892,yes -1465-domains_of_use-2,1465,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3892,yes -1465-speaker_number_trends-2,1465,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3892,yes -1465-vitality-2,1465,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3892,yes -1465-LEI-3,1465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1465-vitality-3,1465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +1465-LEI-2,1465,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3912,yes +1465-transmission-2,1465,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3912,yes +1465-domains_of_use-2,1465,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3912,yes +1465-speaker_number_trends-2,1465,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3912,yes +1465-vitality-2,1465,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Language shift is occurring in the northern and southern extremes of Seke territory where speakers are switching to Bislama and either Apma or Sa. In the sparsely populated region at the heart of Seke territory, the language is still quite strong. Even in the northern and southern extremes, children often still learn Seke.",bib3912,yes +1465-LEI-3,1465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1465-vitality-3,1465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 1465-LEI-4,1465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1465-vitality-4,1465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1466-context-1,1466,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rampi, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1466-location-1,1466,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern part of the non-peninsular bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +1466-context-1,1466,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rampi, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1466-location-1,1466,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern part of the non-peninsular bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 1466-location-2,1466,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.34, 119.23]]}",,,bib67,yes 1466-speaker_number-1,1466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1466-speakers-1,1466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1466-speaker_number-2,1466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1466-speakers-2,1466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1466-speaker_number-2,1466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1466-speakers-2,1466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1466-speaker_number-3,1466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1986).,bib67,yes 1466-speakers-3,1466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1986).,bib67,yes 1466-LEI-1,1466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1466-vitality-1,1466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1466-LEI-2,1466,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1466-speaker_number_trends-2,1466,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1466-vitality-2,1466,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1466-LEI-2,1466,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1466-speaker_number_trends-2,1466,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1466-vitality-2,1466,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1466-LEI-3,1466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1466-vitality-3,1466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 1467-context-1,1467,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -1467-context-2,1467,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7658,yes -1467-location-1,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Madre de Dios River, near Puerto Maldonado in Peru, and around the Tambopata River and its tributaries (also in Peru), as well as in the basin of the Beni River, in the areas near the cities of Rurrenabaque and Riberalta in Bolivia.""}",,,bib8124,no +1467-context-2,1467,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7683,yes +1467-location-1,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Madre de Dios River, near Puerto Maldonado in Peru, and around the Tambopata River and its tributaries (also in Peru), as well as in the basin of the Beni River, in the areas near the cities of Rurrenabaque and Riberalta in Bolivia.""}",,,bib8149,no 1467-location-2,1467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.0, -66.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1467-location-3,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib67,no 1467-location-4,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Bolivia""]}",,"Bolivia: El Beni, La Paz, and Pando departments; Portachuelo Alto, Portachuelo Bajo, Portachuelo Medio; into foothills on Beni and Madre de Dios rivers. Peru: Madre de Dios region: Maldonado area on Heath and Tambopata rivers.",bib70,no -1467-location-5,1467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5867, -69.0161]]}",,,bib5307,no -1467-location-6,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, departments of La Paz, Beni and Pando, provinces of Iturralde, Ballivian, Vaca Diez and Madre de Dios, on the Beni and Madre de Dios rivers; Peru, along the rivers Madre de Dios and Tambopata and their headwaters in three settlements: Sonene, Palma Real and Infierno.""}",,,bib1903,no -1467-location-7,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Bolivia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Portachuelo is the \""Bolivian nucleus\"" of speaker population""}",,,bib7659,no +1467-location-5,1467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5867, -69.0161]]}",,,bib5330,no +1467-location-6,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, departments of La Paz, Beni and Pando, provinces of Iturralde, Ballivian, Vaca Diez and Madre de Dios, on the Beni and Madre de Dios rivers; Peru, along the rivers Madre de Dios and Tambopata and their headwaters in three settlements: Sonene, Palma Real and Infierno.""}",,,bib1915,no +1467-location-7,1467,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazon region, Bolivia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Portachuelo is the \""Bolivian nucleus\"" of speaker population""}",,,bib7684,no 1467-speaker_number-1,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,300 in Bolivia (2000 SIL). Population total all countries: 1,770. Ethnic population: 1,300 in Bolivia (2000 SIL).",bib67,no 1467-speakers-1,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,300 in Bolivia (2000 SIL). Population total all countries: 1,770. Ethnic population: 1,300 in Bolivia (2000 SIL).",bib67,no 1467-speaker_number-2,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"500 in Bolivia (Crevels 2007), ethnic population 940 (2006 PIB). Total users in all countries: 1,090. 590 in Peru (2007 census), ethnic population 1090 (2007 census).",bib70,no 1467-speakers-2,1467,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""940"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Bolivia), 2007 (Peru)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"500 in Bolivia (Crevels 2007), ethnic population 940 (2006 PIB). Total users in all countries: 1,090. 590 in Peru (2007 census), ethnic population 1090 (2007 census).",bib70,no -1467-speaker_number-3,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This number refers to the total population of Ese Ejja people, however the author notes that ""I never had the opportunity to meet an Ese Ejja who didn't speak Ese Ejja at all, although a few only reluctantly used it [[je n’ai jamais eu l’occasion de rencontrer un Ese Ejja qui ne parlait pas du tout ese ejja, même si quelques-uns ne l’utilisaient qu’avec réticence]"", implying that all self-identifying Ese Ejja people have some level of fluency in the language.",bib7658,yes -1467-speakers-3,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This number refers to the total population of Ese Ejja people, however the author notes that ""I never had the opportunity to meet an Ese Ejja who didn't speak Ese Ejja at all, although a few only reluctantly used it [[je n’ai jamais eu l’occasion de rencontrer un Ese Ejja qui ne parlait pas du tout ese ejja, même si quelques-uns ne l’utilisaient qu’avec réticence]"", implying that all self-identifying Ese Ejja people have some level of fluency in the language.",bib7658,yes -1467-speaker_number-4,1467,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1467-speakers-4,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""782"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1467-speaker_number-5,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Peru, there are 225 speakers out of an ethnic group of the same size; in Bolivia there are about 500 speakers out of an ethnic group of 580.",bib1903,no -1467-speakers-5,1467,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""805"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~725"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Peru, there are 225 speakers out of an ethnic group of the same size; in Bolivia there are about 500 speakers out of an ethnic group of 580.",bib1903,no +1467-speaker_number-3,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This number refers to the total population of Ese Ejja people, however the author notes that ""I never had the opportunity to meet an Ese Ejja who didn't speak Ese Ejja at all, although a few only reluctantly used it [[je n’ai jamais eu l’occasion de rencontrer un Ese Ejja qui ne parlait pas du tout ese ejja, même si quelques-uns ne l’utilisaient qu’avec réticence]"", implying that all self-identifying Ese Ejja people have some level of fluency in the language.",bib7683,yes +1467-speakers-3,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This number refers to the total population of Ese Ejja people, however the author notes that ""I never had the opportunity to meet an Ese Ejja who didn't speak Ese Ejja at all, although a few only reluctantly used it [[je n’ai jamais eu l’occasion de rencontrer un Ese Ejja qui ne parlait pas du tout ese ejja, même si quelques-uns ne l’utilisaient qu’avec réticence]"", implying that all self-identifying Ese Ejja people have some level of fluency in the language.",bib7683,yes +1467-speaker_number-4,1467,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1467-speakers-4,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""782"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1467-speaker_number-5,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Peru, there are 225 speakers out of an ethnic group of the same size; in Bolivia there are about 500 speakers out of an ethnic group of 580.",bib1915,no +1467-speakers-5,1467,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""805"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~725"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Peru, there are 225 speakers out of an ethnic group of the same size; in Bolivia there are about 500 speakers out of an ethnic group of 580.",bib1915,no 1467-speaker_number-6,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1467-speakers-6,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,772"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1467-speaker_number-7,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7659,no -1467-speakers-7,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7659,no +1467-speaker_number-7,1467,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7684,no +1467-speakers-7,1467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7684,no 1467-LEI-1,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1467-vitality-1,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1467-LEI-2,1467,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no @@ -9966,65 +10028,65 @@ Peru: Madre de Dios region: Maldonado area on Heath and Tambopata rivers.",bib70 ""The only areas of daily life where the ese ejja is not used seem to me to be mainly school and political speeches, in particular because of the vocabulary associated with these speeches (proyecto 'project (in Spanish)', dinero 'money (esp.)', gallinero 'henhouse (esp.)', etc .. "" -[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7658,yes +[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7683,yes 1467-transmission-3,1467,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Almost all of the two communities speak Ese Ejja fluently, apart from (at least) one adult who speaks Spanish by choice and a few children from mixed marriages (Ese Ejja - another ethnic group)"" [La quasi totalité des deux communautés parle ese ejja couramment, mis à part (au moins) un adulte qui parle espagnol par choix16 et quelques enfants issus de mariages mixtes (Ese Ejja – autre ethnie)] ""The only areas of daily life where the ese ejja is not used seem to me to be mainly school and political speeches, in particular because of the vocabulary associated with these speeches (proyecto 'project (in Spanish)', dinero 'money (esp.)', gallinero 'henhouse (esp.)', etc .. "" -[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7658,yes +[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7683,yes 1467-domains_of_use-3,1467,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Almost all of the two communities speak Ese Ejja fluently, apart from (at least) one adult who speaks Spanish by choice and a few children from mixed marriages (Ese Ejja - another ethnic group)"" [La quasi totalité des deux communautés parle ese ejja couramment, mis à part (au moins) un adulte qui parle espagnol par choix16 et quelques enfants issus de mariages mixtes (Ese Ejja – autre ethnie)] ""The only areas of daily life where the ese ejja is not used seem to me to be mainly school and political speeches, in particular because of the vocabulary associated with these speeches (proyecto 'project (in Spanish)', dinero 'money (esp.)', gallinero 'henhouse (esp.)', etc .. "" -[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7658,yes +[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7683,yes 1467-speaker_number_trends-3,1467,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Almost all of the two communities speak Ese Ejja fluently, apart from (at least) one adult who speaks Spanish by choice and a few children from mixed marriages (Ese Ejja - another ethnic group)"" [La quasi totalité des deux communautés parle ese ejja couramment, mis à part (au moins) un adulte qui parle espagnol par choix16 et quelques enfants issus de mariages mixtes (Ese Ejja – autre ethnie)] ""The only areas of daily life where the ese ejja is not used seem to me to be mainly school and political speeches, in particular because of the vocabulary associated with these speeches (proyecto 'project (in Spanish)', dinero 'money (esp.)', gallinero 'henhouse (esp.)', etc .. "" -[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7658,yes +[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7683,yes 1467-vitality-3,1467,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Almost all of the two communities speak Ese Ejja fluently, apart from (at least) one adult who speaks Spanish by choice and a few children from mixed marriages (Ese Ejja - another ethnic group)"" [La quasi totalité des deux communautés parle ese ejja couramment, mis à part (au moins) un adulte qui parle espagnol par choix16 et quelques enfants issus de mariages mixtes (Ese Ejja – autre ethnie)] ""The only areas of daily life where the ese ejja is not used seem to me to be mainly school and political speeches, in particular because of the vocabulary associated with these speeches (proyecto 'project (in Spanish)', dinero 'money (esp.)', gallinero 'henhouse (esp.)', etc .. "" -[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7658,yes -1467-LEI-4,1467,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1467-vitality-4,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1467-LEI-5,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all children acquire the language and it is maintained at a high level, but the ethnic group is small.",bib1903,no -1467-vitality-5,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Almost all children acquire the language and it is maintained at a high level, but the ethnic group is small.",bib1903,no +[Les seuls domaines de la vie quotidienne où l’ese ejja n’est pas utilisé me semblent être essentiellement l’école et les discours politiques, notamment à cause du vocabulaire associé à ces discours (proyecto ‘projet (en espagnol)’, dinero ‘argent (esp.)’, gallinero ‘poulailler (esp.)’, etc..]",bib7683,yes +1467-LEI-4,1467,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1467-vitality-4,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1467-LEI-5,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all children acquire the language and it is maintained at a high level, but the ethnic group is small.",bib1915,no +1467-vitality-5,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Almost all children acquire the language and it is maintained at a high level, but the ethnic group is small.",bib1915,no 1467-LEI-6,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1467-vitality-6,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1467-LEI-7,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7659,no -1467-vitality-7,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7659,no -1468-context-1,1468,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese""}",,,bib2043,no -1468-context-2,1468,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Ede; Vietnamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,No monolingual in Bih; all ethnic Bih speak Ede and/or Vietnamese. Bih grammar is heavily influenced by Ede due to language contact and shift.,bib5510,yes -1468-location-1,1468,location,"{""Places"": [""Buon Trap town, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""southern highlands of Vietnam"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.84, 108.045]]}",,,bib2043,no -1468-location-2,1468,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""\""in Buon Trap town in the district of Krong Ana, with a small population resident in the neighboring districts of Lak in the east, where Mnong people live, and in the district of C\u01b0 Kui\u00f1 in the north and in Bu\u00f4n Ma Thu\u1ed9t city in the northwest, and in the district of Kr\u00f4ng N\u00f4 in the south where Ede is the dominant language\"" (p. 5-6)""}",,,bib5510,yes -1468-speaker_number-1,1468,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2043,no -1468-speakers-1,1468,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2043,no -1468-speakers-2,1468,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2009""}",,,bib5510,yes -1468-LEI-1,1468,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2043,no -1468-vitality-1,1468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2043,no -1468-LEI-2,1468,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5510,yes -1468-transmission-2,1468,transmission,5,transmission-5,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5510,yes -1468-speaker_number_trends-2,1468,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5510,yes -1468-vitality-2,1468,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5510,yes -1470-location-1,1470,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[60.7796, -137.4983]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1470-location-2,1470,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern Yukon in settlements at Aishihik, Burwash Landing, Champagne, Haines Junction, Kloo Lake, Klukshu, and Lake Laberge, as well as in the city of Whitehorse.""}",,,bib5217,no +1467-LEI-7,1467,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7684,no +1467-vitality-7,1467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7684,no +1468-context-1,1468,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese""}",,,bib2056,no +1468-context-2,1468,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Ede; Vietnamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,No monolingual in Bih; all ethnic Bih speak Ede and/or Vietnamese. Bih grammar is heavily influenced by Ede due to language contact and shift.,bib5534,yes +1468-location-1,1468,location,"{""Places"": [""Buon Trap town, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""southern highlands of Vietnam"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.84, 108.045]]}",,,bib2056,no +1468-location-2,1468,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""\""in Buon Trap town in the district of Krong Ana, with a small population resident in the neighboring districts of Lak in the east, where Mnong people live, and in the district of C\u01b0 Kui\u00f1 in the north and in Bu\u00f4n Ma Thu\u1ed9t city in the northwest, and in the district of Kr\u00f4ng N\u00f4 in the south where Ede is the dominant language\"" (p. 5-6)""}",,,bib5534,yes +1468-speaker_number-1,1468,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2056,no +1468-speakers-1,1468,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2056,no +1468-speakers-2,1468,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2009""}",,,bib5534,yes +1468-LEI-1,1468,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2056,no +1468-vitality-1,1468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2056,no +1468-LEI-2,1468,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5534,yes +1468-transmission-2,1468,transmission,5,transmission-5,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5534,yes +1468-speaker_number_trends-2,1468,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5534,yes +1468-vitality-2,1468,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Bih is used only among Bih speakers,bib5534,yes +1470-location-1,1470,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon"", ""Coordinates"": [[60.7796, -137.4983]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1470-location-2,1470,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern Yukon in settlements at Aishihik, Burwash Landing, Champagne, Haines Junction, Kloo Lake, Klukshu, and Lake Laberge, as well as in the city of Whitehorse.""}",,,bib5240,no 1470-location-3,1470,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Yukon Territory, Whitehorse, Aishihik, Burwash Landing, Champagne, Haines Junction, Kloo Lake, Klukshu, Lake Laberge settlements.""}",,,bib67,no -1470-speaker_number-1,1470,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1470-speakers-1,1470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1470-speaker_number-2,1470,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -1470-speakers-2,1470,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,312"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9 fluent speakers and 84 semi-speakers. 140 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""84"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""140""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -1470-speaker_number-3,1470,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -1470-speakers-3,1470,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no +1470-speaker_number-1,1470,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1470-speakers-1,1470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1470-speaker_number-2,1470,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +1470-speakers-2,1470,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,312"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9 fluent speakers and 84 semi-speakers. 140 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""84"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""140""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +1470-speaker_number-3,1470,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +1470-speakers-3,1470,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no 1470-speaker_number-4,1470,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1470-speakers-4,1470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1470-speaker_number-5,1470,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number and ethnic population data: (Krauss 1995). @@ -10033,11 +10095,11 @@ Peru: Madre de Dios region: Maldonado area on Heath and Tambopata rivers.",bib70 1470-speakers-5,1470,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number and ethnic population data: (Krauss 1995). 140 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1,400 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1470-LEI-1,1470,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1470-vitality-1,1470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1470-LEI-2,1470,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1470-transmission-2,1470,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,no -1470-vitality-2,1470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no +1470-LEI-1,1470,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1470-vitality-1,1470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1470-LEI-2,1470,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1470-transmission-2,1470,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,no +1470-vitality-2,1470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no 1470-LEI-3,1470,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1470-vitality-3,1470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1470-LEI-4,1470,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -10045,92 +10107,92 @@ Peru: Madre de Dios region: Maldonado area on Heath and Tambopata rivers.",bib70 1470-vitality-4,1470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no 1471-location-1,1471,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0, -106.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1471-location-2,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, Isleta and Sandia pueblos, north and south of Albuquerque.""}",,,bib67,no -1471-location-3,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.2516, -106.565]]}",,,bib5307,no -1471-location-4,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""]}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, 15 miles north of Albuquerque, and at Isleta Pueblo, 15 miles south of Albuquerque.",bib5217,yes -1471-location-5,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.9057, -106.7066], [35.2516, -106.565]]}",,,bib1709,no +1471-location-3,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.2516, -106.565]]}",,,bib5330,no +1471-location-4,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""]}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, 15 miles north of Albuquerque, and at Isleta Pueblo, 15 miles south of Albuquerque.",bib5240,yes +1471-location-5,1471,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.9057, -106.7066], [35.2516, -106.565]]}",,,bib1721,no 1471-speaker_number-1,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,630 (1980 census), decreasing. 1,588 Isleta speakers (1980 US census). 43 Sandia (1990 US census) out of 220 population. US Census (2000) list 2,185 “Tiwa”. Ethnic population: 2,469 (1980 census) including 2,249 Isleta, 220 Sandia (1990 census). (1600 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no 1471-speakers-1,1471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,630 (1980 census), decreasing. 1,588 Isleta speakers (1980 US census). 43 Sandia (1990 US census) out of 220 population. US Census (2000) list 2,185 “Tiwa”. Ethnic population: 2,469 (1980 census) including 2,249 Isleta, 220 Sandia (1990 census). (1600 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no -1471-speaker_number-2,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1471-speakers-2,1471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1471-speaker_number-3,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5217,yes -1471-speakers-3,1471,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5217,yes +1471-speaker_number-2,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1471-speakers-2,1471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1471-speaker_number-3,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5240,yes +1471-speakers-3,1471,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5240,yes 1471-speaker_number-4,1471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1471-speakers-4,1471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1471-LEI-1,1471,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous in a few families. Diminishing vigor at Isleta except among older adults. Commerce on tribal land, traditional ceremonial life. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but some younger people use the language and at least a few children acquire it (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes.",bib67,no 1471-transmission-1,1471,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Vigorous in a few families. Diminishing vigor at Isleta except among older adults. Commerce on tribal land, traditional ceremonial life. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but some younger people use the language and at least a few children acquire it (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes.",bib67,no 1471-vitality-1,1471,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Vigorous in a few families. Diminishing vigor at Isleta except among older adults. Commerce on tribal land, traditional ceremonial life. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but some younger people use the language and at least a few children acquire it (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes.",bib67,no -1471-LEI-2,1471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1471-vitality-2,1471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1471-LEI-3,1471,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5217,yes -1471-transmission-3,1471,transmission,3,transmission-3,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5217,yes -1471-vitality-3,1471,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5217,yes +1471-LEI-2,1471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1471-vitality-2,1471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1471-LEI-3,1471,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5240,yes +1471-transmission-3,1471,transmission,3,transmission-3,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5240,yes +1471-vitality-3,1471,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"At Sandia Pueblo, only middle-aged and elderly people are fully fluent, although some younger people use the language and at least a few children still acquire it. In all there are about 100 speakers in a total population of about 500. At Isleta Pueblo, there are approximately 1,500 speakers in a membership of about 4,000.",bib5240,yes 1471-LEI-4,1471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1471-vitality-4,1471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1472-context-1,1472,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""New media. Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,"Secwepemc Cultural Education Society has made efforts to revitalize the language through classes at all levels, including an immersion program",bib70,no -1472-context-2,1472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The first language nest (preschool immersion program) and immersion school (T'selcéwtqen Clleqmél'ten, otherwise known as Chief Atahm School) to operate in B.C.",bib2541,no +1472-context-2,1472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The first language nest (preschool immersion program) and immersion school (T'selcéwtqen Clleqmél'ten, otherwise known as Chief Atahm School) to operate in B.C.",bib2554,no 1472-location-1,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.76, -119.96]]}",,,bib73,yes 1472-location-2,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.0, -120.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1472-location-3,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Washington: east central British Columbia.""}",,,bib70,no -1472-location-4,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[51.7886, -122.2286]]}",,,bib5307,no -1472-location-5,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,East-central British Columbia along the Fraser River and its tributaries.,bib5217,no +1472-location-4,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[51.7886, -122.2286]]}",,,bib5330,no +1472-location-5,1472,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,East-central British Columbia along the Fraser River and its tributaries.,bib5240,no 1472-speaker_number-1,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1472-speakers-1,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,461""}",,,bib73,yes -1472-speaker_number-2,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1472-speakers-2,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1472-speaker_number-2,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1472-speakers-2,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1472-speaker_number-3,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Increasing.,bib70,no 1472-speakers-3,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,860"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,190"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,Increasing.,bib70,no -1472-speaker_number-4,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1472-speakers-4,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1472-speaker_number-5,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -1472-speakers-5,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8968"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""691""}",,,bib1282,no -1472-speaker_number-6,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1472-speakers-6,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""197"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1187""}",,,bib2541,no -1472-speaker_number-7,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no -1472-speakers-7,1472,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most over 50."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no +1472-speaker_number-4,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1472-speakers-4,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1472-speaker_number-5,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +1472-speakers-5,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8968"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""691""}",,,bib1291,no +1472-speaker_number-6,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1472-speakers-6,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""197"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1187""}",,,bib2554,no +1472-speaker_number-7,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no +1472-speakers-7,1472,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most over 50."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no 1472-speaker_number-8,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1472-speakers-8,1472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1472-speaker_number-9,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1472-speakers-9,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""166 fluent and 570 semi-speakers. 1,601 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""570"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,601""}",,,bib2905,no +1472-speaker_number-9,1472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1472-speakers-9,1472,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""166 fluent and 570 semi-speakers. 1,601 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""570"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,601""}",,,bib2919,no 1472-LEI-1,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1472-vitality-1,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes -1472-LEI-2,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1472-vitality-2,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1472-LEI-2,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1472-vitality-2,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1472-LEI-3,1472,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English. Most speakers are 50 and older.,bib70,no 1472-transmission-3,1472,transmission,4,transmission-4,Shifting to English. Most speakers are 50 and older.,bib70,no 1472-vitality-3,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to English. Most speakers are 50 and older.,bib70,no -1472-LEI-4,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1472-vitality-4,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1472-LEI-5,1472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1282,no -1472-transmission-5,1472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1282,no -1472-speaker_number_trends-5,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1282,no -1472-vitality-5,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1282,no -1472-LEI-6,1472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1472-transmission-6,1472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1472-speaker_number_trends-6,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1472-vitality-6,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1472-LEI-7,1472,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no -1472-transmission-7,1472,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no -1472-speaker_number_trends-7,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no -1472-vitality-7,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5217,no +1472-LEI-4,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1472-vitality-4,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1472-LEI-5,1472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1291,no +1472-transmission-5,1472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1291,no +1472-speaker_number_trends-5,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1291,no +1472-vitality-5,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 7.7% semispeakers, 11% active learners.",bib1291,no +1472-LEI-6,1472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1472-transmission-6,1472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1472-speaker_number_trends-6,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1472-vitality-6,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2% fluent speakers, 12 semi-speakers, 11.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1472-LEI-7,1472,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no +1472-transmission-7,1472,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no +1472-speaker_number_trends-7,1472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no +1472-vitality-7,1472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are between 200 and 500 fluent first-language speakers, most of them over 50, in a total population of over 6,000.",bib5240,no 1472-LEI-8,1472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1472-vitality-8,1472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1473-context-1,1473,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Shoshoni Language Project at University of Utah""}",,The Shoshone language is spoken and taught at the SYLAP (Shoshone Youth Language Apprenticeship Program) in Salt Lake City Utah. More information on SYLAP can be found at http://shoshoniproject.utah.edu/sylap/,bib189,no -1473-context-2,1473,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +1473-context-2,1473,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 1473-location-1,1473,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.4166666667, -108.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1473-location-2,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Central to northeastern Nevada; Idaho, Fort Hall Reservation. Northern Shoshoni in Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Goshute in west Utah.""}",,,bib67,no 1473-location-3,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming""]}",,Idaho: Fort Hall Reservation; Nevada: central to northeast. Wyoming: Wind River Reservation (Northern Shoshoni dialect); Utah: west (Gosiute dialect).,bib70,no -1473-location-4,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.014, -108.8209]]}",,,bib5307,no -1473-location-5,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming""], ""Description"": ""Central to northeastern Nevada; Idaho, Fort Hall Reservation. Northern Shoshoni in Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Goshute in west Utah.""}",,"Although there are a few large reservations which are exclusively (or at least half) Shoshoni, there are dozens of smaller reservations and communities scattered throughout the region. Western Shoshoni includes the communities throughout Nevada except for the Gosiute and Duck Valley communities. Northern Shoshoni includes the Duck Valley and Fort Hall communities as well as the smaller communities of northern Utah and southern Idaho. Eastern Shoshoni includes the Wind River community in Wyoming. Gosiute includes the Gosiute and Skull Valley communities in Utah. The largest speech community is at Fort Hall.",bib5217,yes -1473-location-6,1473,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0438, -112.4629], [40.0358, -113.9835], [43.014, -108.8209]]}",,,bib1709,no +1473-location-4,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.014, -108.8209]]}",,,bib5330,no +1473-location-5,1473,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming""], ""Description"": ""Central to northeastern Nevada; Idaho, Fort Hall Reservation. Northern Shoshoni in Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; Goshute in west Utah.""}",,"Although there are a few large reservations which are exclusively (or at least half) Shoshoni, there are dozens of smaller reservations and communities scattered throughout the region. Western Shoshoni includes the communities throughout Nevada except for the Gosiute and Duck Valley communities. Northern Shoshoni includes the Duck Valley and Fort Hall communities as well as the smaller communities of northern Utah and southern Idaho. Eastern Shoshoni includes the Wind River community in Wyoming. Gosiute includes the Gosiute and Skull Valley communities in Utah. The largest speech community is at Fort Hall.",bib5240,yes +1473-location-6,1473,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0438, -112.4629], [40.0358, -113.9835], [43.014, -108.8209]]}",,,bib1721,no 1473-speaker_number-1,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 2000 census; Data for the number of ethnic population comes from SIL 1977.,bib67,no 1473-speakers-1,1473,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,910"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 2000 census; Data for the number of ethnic population comes from SIL 1977.,bib67,no 1473-speakers-2,1473,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (speakers), 1977 (ethnic population)"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1000""}",,"1,000 (Golla 2007). Also 1,000 speakers who are not fluent (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 7,000 (1977 SIL).",bib70,no -1473-speaker_number-3,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1473-speakers-3,1473,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1473-speaker_number-4,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Altogether, there are around 1000 actively fluent speakers of Shoshoni, and perhaps another 1000 with more restricted competence. While a few children still learn Shoshoni as a first language in the Duck Valley and Gosiute communities, the majority of speakers are over 50.",bib5217,yes -1473-speakers-4,1473,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""The majority of speakers are over 50."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~1,000""}",,"Altogether, there are around 1000 actively fluent speakers of Shoshoni, and perhaps another 1000 with more restricted competence. While a few children still learn Shoshoni as a first language in the Duck Valley and Gosiute communities, the majority of speakers are over 50.",bib5217,yes +1473-speaker_number-3,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1473-speakers-3,1473,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1473-speaker_number-4,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Altogether, there are around 1000 actively fluent speakers of Shoshoni, and perhaps another 1000 with more restricted competence. While a few children still learn Shoshoni as a first language in the Duck Valley and Gosiute communities, the majority of speakers are over 50.",bib5240,yes +1473-speakers-4,1473,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""The majority of speakers are over 50."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~1,000""}",,"Altogether, there are around 1000 actively fluent speakers of Shoshoni, and perhaps another 1000 with more restricted competence. While a few children still learn Shoshoni as a first language in the Duck Valley and Gosiute communities, the majority of speakers are over 50.",bib5240,yes 1473-speaker_number-5,1473,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1473-speakers-5,1473,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,284"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1473-LEI-1,1473,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib189,no @@ -10143,123 +10205,123 @@ Peru: Madre de Dios region: Maldonado area on Heath and Tambopata rivers.",bib70 1473-transmission-3,1473,transmission,4,transmission-4,Mostly adults 50 and older but a few children learn the language as L1 in Duck Valley and Gusiute communities,bib70,no 1473-speaker_number_trends-3,1473,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Mostly adults 50 and older but a few children learn the language as L1 in Duck Valley and Gusiute communities,bib70,no 1473-vitality-3,1473,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mostly adults 50 and older but a few children learn the language as L1 in Duck Valley and Gusiute communities,bib70,no -1473-LEI-4,1473,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1473-transmission-4,1473,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5307,no -1473-vitality-4,1473,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5307,no -1473-LEI-5,1473,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1473-transmission-5,1473,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5217,yes -1473-vitality-5,1473,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,yes +1473-LEI-4,1473,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1473-transmission-4,1473,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5330,no +1473-vitality-4,1473,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5330,no +1473-LEI-5,1473,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1473-transmission-5,1473,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,yes +1473-vitality-5,1473,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,yes 1473-LEI-6,1473,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1473-vitality-6,1473,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1485-context-1,1485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schooling is in Indonesian.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili, Bajau"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all speak Indonesian. Most also Speak Kaili, a lingua franca. Some might also speak Bajau""}",,,bib3543,yes -1485-context-2,1485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Children""}",,,bib7938,no -1485-location-1,1485,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.777, 120.529], [1.243, 121.09]]}",,,bib3543,yes -1485-location-2,1485,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by both a west coastal and a middle hill population of a total of about 13,000 (reported in 1991 as 15,000 or fewer) in the extreme western part of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, where it joins the narrow neck which links it to the bulk of Sulawesi. Today the middle hill people all live in resettlement projects and small hamlets near the coast.""}",,,bib7938,no +1485-context-1,1485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schooling is in Indonesian.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili, Bajau"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all speak Indonesian. Most also Speak Kaili, a lingua franca. Some might also speak Bajau""}",,,bib3561,yes +1485-context-2,1485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Children""}",,,bib7963,no +1485-location-1,1485,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.777, 120.529], [1.243, 121.09]]}",,,bib3561,yes +1485-location-2,1485,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by both a west coastal and a middle hill population of a total of about 13,000 (reported in 1991 as 15,000 or fewer) in the extreme western part of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, where it joins the narrow neck which links it to the bulk of Sulawesi. Today the middle hill people all live in resettlement projects and small hamlets near the coast.""}",,,bib7963,no 1485-location-3,1485,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1485-speaker_number-1,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1485-speakers-1,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1485-speaker_number-2,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3543,yes -1485-speakers-2,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3543,yes -1485-speaker_number-3,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,no -1485-speakers-3,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7938,no +1485-speaker_number-2,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3561,yes +1485-speakers-2,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3561,yes +1485-speaker_number-3,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,no +1485-speakers-3,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7963,no 1485-speaker_number-4,1485,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1485-speakers-4,1485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Himmelmann (2001).,bib67,no 1485-LEI-1,1485,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1485-vitality-1,1485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1485-LEI-2,1485,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -1485-domains_of_use-2,1485,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,yes -1485-vitality-2,1485,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3543,yes -1485-LEI-3,1485,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1485-transmission-3,1485,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7938,no -1485-speaker_number_trends-3,1485,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7938,no -1485-vitality-3,1485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1485-LEI-2,1485,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +1485-domains_of_use-2,1485,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,yes +1485-vitality-2,1485,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3561,yes +1485-LEI-3,1485,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1485-transmission-3,1485,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7963,no +1485-speaker_number_trends-3,1485,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7963,no +1485-vitality-3,1485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1485-LEI-4,1485,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1485-vitality-4,1485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1486-context-1,1486,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1486-location-1,1486,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2282, 138.2189]]}",,,bib5307,yes +1486-context-1,1486,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1486-location-1,1486,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2282, 138.2189]]}",,,bib5330,yes 1486-location-2,1486,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.33333333333, 138.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1486-location-3,1486,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""]}",,"Spoken at the confluence of the Dou (Tariku) and Fou (Muyabu) Rivers, tributaries of the upper Rouffaer River in the western central part of the eastern main bulk of Irian Jaya, west of Taiyeve.",bib7938,no +1486-location-3,1486,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""]}",,"Spoken at the confluence of the Dou (Tariku) and Fou (Muyabu) Rivers, tributaries of the upper Rouffaer River in the western central part of the eastern main bulk of Irian Jaya, west of Taiyeve.",bib7963,no 1486-location-4,1486,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1486-speaker_number-1,1486,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1486-speakers-1,1486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1486-speaker_number-2,1486,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The latest information from Irian Jaya puts their number at only seventy.,bib7938,no -1486-speakers-2,1486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""335"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The latest information from Irian Jaya puts their number at only seventy.,bib7938,no +1486-speaker_number-1,1486,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1486-speakers-1,1486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1486-speaker_number-2,1486,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The latest information from Irian Jaya puts their number at only seventy.,bib7963,no +1486-speakers-2,1486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""335"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The latest information from Irian Jaya puts their number at only seventy.,bib7963,no 1486-speaker_number-3,1486,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1486-speakers-3,1486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1486-speaker_number-4,1486,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from R. Doriot (1993).,bib67,no 1486-speakers-4,1486,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""335"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from R. Doriot (1993).,bib67,no -1486-LEI-1,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1486-vitality-1,1486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1486-LEI-2,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1486-speaker_number_trends-2,1486,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1486-vitality-2,1486,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1486-LEI-1,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1486-vitality-1,1486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1486-LEI-2,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1486-speaker_number_trends-2,1486,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1486-vitality-2,1486,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1486-LEI-3,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1486-vitality-3,1486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1486-LEI-4,1486,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1486-vitality-4,1486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1487-context-1,1487,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]""}",,,bib69,no -1487-context-2,1487,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1487-location-1,1487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5134, 140.8612]]}",,,bib5307,no +1487-context-2,1487,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1487-location-1,1487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5134, 140.8612]]}",,,bib5330,no 1487-location-2,1487,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, border area south of Jayapura, south of Zorop [wfg], east of Emem [enr], and north of Towei [ttn] language areas, Dubu, Jembatan Web, and Affi villages.""}",,,bib69,no -1487-location-3,1487,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Dubu, Wenk, Yambe, and Afi.""}",,,bib7641,no -1487-speaker_number-1,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1487-speakers-1,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1487-location-3,1487,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Dubu, Wenk, Yambe, and Afi.""}",,,bib7666,no +1487-speaker_number-1,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1487-speakers-1,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1487-speaker_number-2,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 1487-speakers-2,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -1487-speaker_number-3,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7641,no -1487-speakers-3,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7641,no -1487-speaker_number-4,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1487-speakers-4,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1487-speaker_number-3,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7666,no +1487-speakers-3,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7666,no +1487-speaker_number-4,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1487-speakers-4,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1487-speaker_number-5,1487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1487-speakers-5,1487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1487-LEI-1,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1487-vitality-1,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1487-LEI-1,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1487-vitality-1,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1487-LEI-2,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1487-vitality-2,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1487-LEI-3,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,no -1487-vitality-3,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,no -1487-LEI-4,1487,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1487-speaker_number_trends-4,1487,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -1487-vitality-4,1487,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1487-LEI-3,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,no +1487-vitality-3,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,no +1487-LEI-4,1487,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1487-speaker_number_trends-4,1487,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +1487-vitality-4,1487,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1487-LEI-5,1487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1487-vitality-5,1487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1488-context-1,1488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bird's Head Moi, Seget, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1488-location-1,1488,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.3896, 130.9247]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1488-location-2,1488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on a small island at the southern end of the strait between the western end of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula and Salawati Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +1488-context-1,1488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bird's Head Moi, Seget, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1488-location-1,1488,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.3896, 130.9247]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1488-location-2,1488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on a small island at the southern end of the strait between the western end of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula and Salawati Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 1488-location-3,1488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1488-speaker_number-1,1488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1488-speakers-1,1488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1488-speaker_number-2,1488,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1488-speakers-2,1488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1488-speaker_number-1,1488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1488-speakers-1,1488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1488-speaker_number-2,1488,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1488-speakers-2,1488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1488-speaker_number-3,1488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1488-speakers-3,1488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1488-speaker_number-4,1488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1488-speakers-4,1488,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -1488-LEI-1,1488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1488-vitality-1,1488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1488-LEI-2,1488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1488-transmission-2,1488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1488-speaker_number_trends-2,1488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1488-vitality-2,1488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1488-LEI-1,1488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1488-vitality-1,1488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1488-LEI-2,1488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1488-transmission-2,1488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1488-speaker_number_trends-2,1488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1488-vitality-2,1488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1488-LEI-3,1488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1488-vitality-3,1488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1488-LEI-4,1488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1488-vitality-4,1488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1505-location-1,1505,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Maguan \u99ac\u95dc County"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.021, 104.395]]}",,,bib1205,yes -1505-speaker_number-1,1505,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1505-speakers-1,1505,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,643"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes -1505-LEI-1,1505,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1505-transmission-1,1505,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,yes -1505-speaker_number_trends-1,1505,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1505-vitality-1,1505,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes -1506-location-1,1506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5304, 105.885]]}",,,bib5307,no -1506-location-2,1506,location,"{""Places"": [""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Concentrated in and around Phung village.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1505-location-1,1505,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Maguan \u99ac\u95dc County"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.021, 104.395]]}",,,bib1214,yes +1505-speaker_number-1,1505,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1505-speakers-1,1505,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,643"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes +1505-LEI-1,1505,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1505-transmission-1,1505,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,yes +1505-speaker_number_trends-1,1505,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1505-vitality-1,1505,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes +1506-location-1,1506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5304, 105.885]]}",,,bib5330,no +1506-location-2,1506,location,"{""Places"": [""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Concentrated in and around Phung village.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1506-location-3,1506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6666666667, 104.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1506-location-4,1506,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1506-speaker_number-1,1506,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1506-speakers-1,1506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1506-speaker_number-2,1506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1506-speakers-2,1506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,863"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1506-speaker_number-1,1506,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1506-speakers-1,1506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1506-speaker_number-2,1506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1506-speakers-2,1506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,863"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1506-speaker_number-3,1506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1506-speakers-3,1506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1506-speaker_number-4,1506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Other possible number of speakers: 9,016. @@ -10272,56 +10334,56 @@ Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no ""7,860 in Viet Nam (1990 census). 3,990 women, in 1,450 households (Liang Min 1990), including Black Lachi 2,500 in 550 households, Long-Haired Lachi 4,500 in 900 households. 10,765 for all La Chi in Viet Nam (1999 census)."" Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no -1506-LEI-1,1506,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1506-vitality-1,1506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1506-LEI-2,1506,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1506-speaker_number_trends-2,1506,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1506-vitality-2,1506,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1506-LEI-1,1506,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1506-vitality-1,1506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1506-LEI-2,1506,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1506-speaker_number_trends-2,1506,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1506-vitality-2,1506,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1506-LEI-3,1506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1506-vitality-3,1506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1506-LEI-4,1506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1506-vitality-4,1506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1507-location-1,1507,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.4666, 103.75]]}",,,bib5307,no -1507-location-2,1507,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""S\u01a1n La and L\u00e0 Cai provinces""}",,,bib1205,yes +1507-location-1,1507,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.4666, 103.75]]}",,,bib5330,no +1507-location-2,1507,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""S\u01a1n La and L\u00e0 Cai provinces""}",,,bib1214,yes 1507-location-3,1507,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.5833333333, 103.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1507-location-4,1507,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -1507-speaker_number-1,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1507-speakers-1,1507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1507-speaker_number-2,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1507-speakers-2,1507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1507-speaker_number-1,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1507-speakers-1,1507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1507-speaker_number-2,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1507-speakers-2,1507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1507-speaker_number-3,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1507-speakers-3,1507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,686"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1507-speaker_number-4,1507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1999 census.,bib67,no 1507-speakers-4,1507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1999 census.,bib67,no -1507-LEI-1,1507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1507-vitality-1,1507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1507-LEI-2,1507,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1205,yes -1507-transmission-2,1507,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1205,yes -1507-vitality-2,1507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1205,yes +1507-LEI-1,1507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1507-vitality-1,1507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1507-LEI-2,1507,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1214,yes +1507-transmission-2,1507,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1214,yes +1507-vitality-2,1507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"This language has two rather distinct varieties: in one village in Sơn La Province, it is moribund, spoken only by those over 50; while in several villages in Lào Cai it is still spoken but potentially endangered.",bib1214,yes 1507-LEI-3,1507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1507-vitality-3,1507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1507-LEI-4,1507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1507-vitality-4,1507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1508-context-2,1508,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin or other neighboring languages"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral ~ negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,Mandarin is the official language and the medium for education; Mandarin is also used in daily life with outsiders or with White Gelao speakers from other villages.,bib48,yes -1508-location-1,1508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.2, 105.3333]]}",,,bib5307,no -1508-location-2,1508,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces, China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province; Longlin County, Guangxi Province; Malipo County, Yunnan Province, and nearby in Vietnam.""}",,,bib1205,no +1508-location-1,1508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.2, 105.3333]]}",,,bib5330,no +1508-location-2,1508,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces, China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province; Longlin County, Guangxi Province; Malipo County, Yunnan Province, and nearby in Vietnam.""}",,,bib1214,no 1508-location-3,1508,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Liuzhi (\u516d\u679d), Puding (\u666e\u5b9a), Zhijin (\u7e54\u91d1), and Shuicheng (\u6c34\u57ce) counties of Guizhou, and Moji (\u6469\u57fa) of Longlin (\u9686\u6797) county in Guangxi Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.212, 105.478], [26.305, 105.743], [26.669, 105.768], [26.559, 104.96]]}",,,bib48,yes 1508-location-4,1508,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1508-speaker_number-1,1508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1508-speakers-1,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1508-speaker_number-2,1508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -1508-speakers-2,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no +1508-speaker_number-1,1508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1508-speakers-1,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1508-speaker_number-2,1508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +1508-speakers-2,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no 1508-speaker_number-3,1508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1508-speakers-3,1508,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""579,357 (as of 2000 census; including all the ethnic Gelao)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000 (including all the Gelao languages)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""mostly""}",,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1508-speaker_number-4,1508,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1508-speakers-4,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1508-speaker_number-5,1508,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1508-speakers-5,1508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (Edmondson)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -1508-LEI-1,1508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1508-vitality-1,1508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1508-LEI-2,1508,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1508-speaker_number_trends-2,1508,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,no -1508-vitality-2,1508,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +1508-LEI-1,1508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1508-vitality-1,1508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1508-LEI-2,1508,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1508-speaker_number_trends-2,1508,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,no +1508-vitality-2,1508,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 1508-LEI-3,1508,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib48,yes 1508-transmission-3,1508,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib48,yes 1508-domains_of_use-3,1508,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib48,yes @@ -10333,19 +10395,19 @@ Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 1508-vitality-5,1508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1509-context-1,1509,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin and other neighboring languages"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mandarin is the official language and the medium for education, and is used in both official and non-official domains",bib48,yes 1509-location-1,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Dafang (\u5927\u65b9), Qianxi (\u9ed4\u897f), and Zhenning (\u93ae\u5be7) counties of Guizhou"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.147, 105.614], [27.019, 106.029], [26.073, 105.776]]}",,,bib48,yes -1509-location-2,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China (Zou Lei and A Hou varieties)""], ""Description"": ""Zhenning and Dafang counties of Guizhou Province""}",,,bib4633,no +1509-location-2,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China (Zou Lei and A Hou varieties)""], ""Description"": ""Zhenning and Dafang counties of Guizhou Province""}",,,bib4655,no 1509-location-3,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1509-location-4,1509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1666, 105.25]]}",,,bib5307,no -1509-location-5,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Guizhou Province, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""]}",,"Only a few speakers remain in rural areas of Liuzhi City and Zhenning County; in Zhijin, Qianxi and Dafang counties, despite the presence of over 100,000 members of the Gelao nationality; the language has been replaced by Chinese. In Vietnam about 30 semispeakers who call themselves ‘Vanto’ live in one Kíolao community of 400.",bib1205,no +1509-location-4,1509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1666, 105.25]]}",,,bib5330,no +1509-location-5,1509,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Guizhou Province, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""]}",,"Only a few speakers remain in rural areas of Liuzhi City and Zhenning County; in Zhijin, Qianxi and Dafang counties, despite the presence of over 100,000 members of the Gelao nationality; the language has been replaced by Chinese. In Vietnam about 30 semispeakers who call themselves ‘Vanto’ live in one Kíolao community of 400.",bib1214,no 1509-speaker_number-1,1509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number includes speakers of all the Gelao languages. Only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1509-speakers-1,1509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""579,357 (as of 2000 census; including all the ethnic Gelao)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number includes speakers of all the Gelao languages. Only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes -1509-speaker_number-2,1509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,15-20 (Zou Lei 柔勒 and A Hou 阿歐 varieties),bib4633,no -1509-speakers-2,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,15-20 (Zou Lei 柔勒 and A Hou 阿歐 varieties),bib4633,no +1509-speaker_number-2,1509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,15-20 (Zou Lei 柔勒 and A Hou 阿歐 varieties),bib4655,no +1509-speakers-2,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,15-20 (Zou Lei 柔勒 and A Hou 阿歐 varieties),bib4655,no 1509-speakers-3,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20""}",,,bib67,no -1509-speaker_number-4,1509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1509-speakers-4,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1509-speaker_number-5,1509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1205,no -1509-speakers-5,1509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30""}",,,bib1205,no +1509-speaker_number-4,1509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1509-speakers-4,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1509-speaker_number-5,1509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1214,no +1509-speakers-5,1509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30""}",,,bib1214,no 1509-speaker_number-6,1509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1509-speakers-6,1509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1509-LEI-1,1509,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Red Gelao has the fewest speakers among the Gelao languages.,bib48,yes @@ -10353,36 +10415,36 @@ Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 1509-domains_of_use-1,1509,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Red Gelao has the fewest speakers among the Gelao languages.,bib48,yes 1509-speaker_number_trends-1,1509,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Red Gelao has the fewest speakers among the Gelao languages.,bib48,yes 1509-vitality-1,1509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Red Gelao has the fewest speakers among the Gelao languages.,bib48,yes -1509-LEI-2,1509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4633,no -1509-vitality-2,1509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4633,no -1509-LEI-3,1509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1509-vitality-3,1509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1509-LEI-4,1509,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1509-transmission-4,1509,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -1509-speaker_number_trends-4,1509,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -1509-vitality-4,1509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,no +1509-LEI-2,1509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4655,no +1509-vitality-2,1509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4655,no +1509-LEI-3,1509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1509-vitality-3,1509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1509-LEI-4,1509,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1509-transmission-4,1509,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +1509-speaker_number_trends-4,1509,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +1509-vitality-4,1509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,no 1509-LEI-5,1509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1509-vitality-5,1509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1510-context-2,1510,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official ones""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Everyone is able to speak Mandarin; in a few villages, Green Gelao remains the primary language in non-official domains and learned natively by preschool children; people who married into these villages also learn Green Gelao.",bib48,yes -1510-location-1,1510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1333, 105.25]]}",,,bib5307,no -1510-location-2,1510,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Central Guizhou Province from north to south - Guanling County, and others in Renhuan and Qinglong counties. There is one village with two elderly speakers in Longlin County, Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1205,no +1510-location-1,1510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.1333, 105.25]]}",,,bib5330,no +1510-location-2,1510,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, China"", ""Ha Giang Province, Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Central Guizhou Province from north to south - Guanling County, and others in Renhuan and Qinglong counties. There is one village with two elderly speakers in Longlin County, Guangxi Province""}",,,bib1214,no 1510-location-3,1510,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Zhenning (\u93ae\u5be7), Guanling (\u95dc\u5dba), Qinglong (\u6674\u9686) and Zhenfeng (\u8c9e\u8c50) of western Guizhou, and Zunyi (\u9075\u7fa9) and Huairen (\u61f7\u4ec1) counties of northern Guizhou; Sanchong (\u4e09\u6c96) in Longlin (\u9686\u6797) county of Guangxi"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.07, 105.777], [25.849, 105.209], [26.238, 105.967], [27.728, 106.927], [26.835, 106.745], [24.809, 105.325]]}",,,bib48,yes 1510-location-4,1510,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1510-speaker_number-1,1510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1510-speakers-1,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1510-speaker_number-2,1510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -1510-speakers-2,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no +1510-speaker_number-1,1510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1510-speakers-1,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1510-speaker_number-2,1510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +1510-speakers-2,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no 1510-speaker_number-3,1510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1510-speakers-3,1510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""579,357 (as of 2000 census; including all the ethnic Gelao)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000 (including speakers of all the Gelao languages)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1510-speaker_number-4,1510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1510-speakers-4,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1510-speaker_number-5,1510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1510-speakers-5,1510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (Edmondson)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1510-LEI-1,1510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1510-vitality-1,1510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1510-LEI-2,1510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1510-speaker_number_trends-2,1510,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -1510-vitality-2,1510,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +1510-LEI-1,1510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1510-vitality-1,1510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1510-LEI-2,1510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1510-speaker_number_trends-2,1510,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +1510-vitality-2,1510,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 1510-LEI-3,1510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Green Gelao has the most speakers among four Gelao languages.,bib48,yes 1510-transmission-3,1510,transmission,4,transmission-4,The Green Gelao has the most speakers among four Gelao languages.,bib48,yes 1510-domains_of_use-3,1510,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The Green Gelao has the most speakers among four Gelao languages.,bib48,yes @@ -10396,15 +10458,15 @@ Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 1511-location-1,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Anshun (\u5b89\u9806), Pingba (\u5e73\u57bb), Puding (\u666e\u5b9a), and Shuicheng (\u6c34\u57ce) counties of central and western Guizhou"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.254, 105.947], [26.409, 106.255], [26.304, 105.734], [26.548, 104.988]]}",,,bib48,yes 1511-location-2,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[22.9166666667, 105.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1511-location-3,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1511-location-4,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.7447, 106.0714]]}",,,bib5307,no -1511-location-5,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Various rural areas of Pingba and Puding counties, and formerly in Anshun, Zhijin and Shuicheng counties and Luzhi City.""}",,,bib1205,no +1511-location-4,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.7447, 106.0714]]}",,,bib5330,no +1511-location-5,1511,location,"{""Places"": [""Guizhou Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Various rural areas of Pingba and Puding counties, and formerly in Anshun, Zhijin and Shuicheng counties and Luzhi City.""}",,,bib1214,no 1511-speaker_number-1,1511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1511-speakers-1,1511,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""579,357 (as of 2000 census; including all the ethnic Gelao)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000 (including speakers of all the Gelao languages)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"only 1% of the entire Gelao population (White Gelao, Red Gelao, Green Gelao and Gao Gelao) speak their own Gelao languages.",bib48,yes 1511-speaker_number-2,1511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (1999 L. Jinfang). 500 monolinguals. Qau 2000, A’ou 1500, Hagei 1700, Duoluo 1200, Tu’lu 1500. Ethnic population: 579,357 (2000 census)",bib67,no 1511-speakers-2,1511,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""579,357"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 (including all the Gelao languages)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 speakers, 2000 (census) population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (1999 L. Jinfang). 500 monolinguals. Qau 2000, A’ou 1500, Hagei 1700, Duoluo 1200, Tu’lu 1500. Ethnic population: 579,357 (2000 census)",bib67,no -1511-speaker_number-3,1511,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1511-speakers-3,1511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1511-speakers-4,1511,speakers,"{""Elders"": ""All""}",,Gao is spoken only by a few elderly individuals.,bib1205,no +1511-speaker_number-3,1511,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1511-speakers-3,1511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1511-speakers-4,1511,speakers,"{""Elders"": ""All""}",,Gao is spoken only by a few elderly individuals.,bib1214,no 1511-speaker_number-5,1511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1511-speakers-5,1511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 (including all the Gelao languages)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1511-LEI-1,1511,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Gao Gelao is preserved very well and serves as the primary language in Dagouchang (大狗場) village of Huolong (活龍) township in Pingba (平垻), spoken by all villagers regardless their ethnicity.",bib48,yes @@ -10414,124 +10476,124 @@ Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 1511-vitality-1,1511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Gao Gelao is preserved very well and serves as the primary language in Dagouchang (大狗場) village of Huolong (活龍) township in Pingba (平垻), spoken by all villagers regardless their ethnicity.",bib48,yes 1511-LEI-2,1511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1511-vitality-2,1511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1511-LEI-3,1511,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1511-vitality-3,1511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1511-LEI-4,1511,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1511-transmission-4,1511,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -1511-speaker_number_trends-4,1511,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -1511-vitality-4,1511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,no +1511-LEI-3,1511,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1511-vitality-3,1511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1511-LEI-4,1511,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1511-transmission-4,1511,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +1511-speaker_number_trends-4,1511,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +1511-vitality-4,1511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,no 1511-LEI-5,1511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1511-vitality-5,1511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1512-location-1,1512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5307,no -1512-location-2,1512,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Langjia village, Wenshan Prefecture""}",,,bib1205,yes -1512-speaker_number-1,1512,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1512-speakers-1,1512,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1512-location-1,1512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5330,no +1512-location-2,1512,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Langjia village, Wenshan Prefecture""}",,,bib1214,yes +1512-speaker_number-1,1512,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1512-speakers-1,1512,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1512-speaker_number-2,1512,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1512-speakers-2,1512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1512-LEI-1,1512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1512-speaker_number_trends-1,1512,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1512-vitality-1,1512,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1512-LEI-1,1512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1512-speaker_number_trends-1,1512,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1512-vitality-1,1512,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1512-LEI-2,1512,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1512-vitality-2,1512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1513-context-1,1513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wandamen""}",,,bib7938,yes -1513-location-1,1513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7139, 134.3888]]}",,,bib5307,no -1513-location-2,1513,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Around Dusner town, west coast of Cenderawasih Bay, Wandamen Bay area.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1513-context-1,1513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wandamen""}",,,bib7963,yes +1513-location-1,1513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.7139, 134.3888]]}",,,bib5330,no +1513-location-2,1513,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Around Dusner town, west coast of Cenderawasih Bay, Wandamen Bay area.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1513-location-3,1513,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1513-speaker_number-1,1513,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1513-speakers-1,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1513-speaker_number-2,1513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4883,no -1513-speakers-2,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4883,no -1513-speaker_number-3,1513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,yes -1513-speakers-3,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,yes +1513-speaker_number-1,1513,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1513-speakers-1,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1513-speaker_number-2,1513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4905,no +1513-speakers-2,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4905,no +1513-speaker_number-3,1513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,yes +1513-speakers-3,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,yes 1513-speaker_number-4,1513,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1513-speakers-4,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1513-speaker_number-5,1513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 1513-speakers-5,1513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -1513-LEI-1,1513,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1513-vitality-1,1513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1513-LEI-2,1513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4883,no -1513-transmission-2,1513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4883,no -1513-vitality-2,1513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4883,no -1513-LEI-3,1513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1513-transmission-3,1513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -1513-speaker_number_trends-3,1513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -1513-vitality-3,1513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +1513-LEI-1,1513,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1513-vitality-1,1513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1513-LEI-2,1513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4905,no +1513-transmission-2,1513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4905,no +1513-vitality-2,1513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4905,no +1513-LEI-3,1513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1513-transmission-3,1513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +1513-speaker_number_trends-3,1513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +1513-vitality-3,1513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 1513-LEI-4,1513,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1513-vitality-4,1513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1513-LEI-5,1513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1513-vitality-5,1513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1514-location-1,1514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5307,no -1514-location-2,1514,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Wenshan Prefecture""}",,,bib1205,yes -1514-speaker_number-1,1514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -1514-speakers-1,1514,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1514-location-1,1514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5330,no +1514-location-2,1514,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Wenshan Prefecture""}",,,bib1214,yes +1514-speaker_number-1,1514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +1514-speakers-1,1514,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1514-speaker_number-2,1514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1514-speakers-2,1514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1514-LEI-1,1514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1514-speaker_number_trends-1,1514,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -1514-vitality-1,1514,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +1514-LEI-1,1514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1514-speaker_number_trends-1,1514,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +1514-vitality-1,1514,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 1514-LEI-2,1514,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1514-vitality-2,1514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1515-context-1,1515,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in all public domains. Taba is being resticted increasingly to private use.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, specifically North Moluccan Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community is fluent in Malay.""}",,,bib1175,yes -1515-context-2,1515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1515-location-1,1515,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern side of Makian Island, Kayoa Island, and the neighboring coast of Halmahera Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.364654, 127.423089]]}",,,bib1175,yes -1515-location-2,1515,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on East Makian Island, Mori Island, Kayoa Island, Ternate Island, Malifut on Halmahera, the west coast of South Halmahera, on Dacau and Obi Islands, etc., in north Maluku."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.335, 127.38]]}",,,bib7938,no -1515-speaker_number-1,1515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1175,yes -1515-speakers-1,1515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1175,yes -1515-speaker_number-2,1515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A volcanic eruption on Makian Island, transmigrations, the presence of speakers of several other languages in East Makian speaking areas, and the pressure from these and from Indonesian, have taken their toll. It is receding and falling into disuse in several of its areas, and generally undergoing marked structural changes.",bib7938,no -1515-speakers-2,1515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A volcanic eruption on Makian Island, transmigrations, the presence of speakers of several other languages in East Makian speaking areas, and the pressure from these and from Indonesian, have taken their toll. It is receding and falling into disuse in several of its areas, and generally undergoing marked structural changes.",bib7938,no -1515-LEI-1,1515,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1175,yes -1515-transmission-1,1515,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1175,yes -1515-domains_of_use-1,1515,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1175,yes -1515-speaker_number_trends-1,1515,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1175,yes -1515-vitality-1,1515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1175,yes -1515-LEI-2,1515,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1515-speaker_number_trends-2,1515,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1515-vitality-2,1515,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1515-context-1,1515,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used in all public domains. Taba is being resticted increasingly to private use.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, specifically North Moluccan Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community is fluent in Malay.""}",,,bib1184,yes +1515-context-2,1515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1515-location-1,1515,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern side of Makian Island, Kayoa Island, and the neighboring coast of Halmahera Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.364654, 127.423089]]}",,,bib1184,yes +1515-location-2,1515,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on East Makian Island, Mori Island, Kayoa Island, Ternate Island, Malifut on Halmahera, the west coast of South Halmahera, on Dacau and Obi Islands, etc., in north Maluku."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.335, 127.38]]}",,,bib7963,no +1515-speaker_number-1,1515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1184,yes +1515-speakers-1,1515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1184,yes +1515-speaker_number-2,1515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A volcanic eruption on Makian Island, transmigrations, the presence of speakers of several other languages in East Makian speaking areas, and the pressure from these and from Indonesian, have taken their toll. It is receding and falling into disuse in several of its areas, and generally undergoing marked structural changes.",bib7963,no +1515-speakers-2,1515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A volcanic eruption on Makian Island, transmigrations, the presence of speakers of several other languages in East Makian speaking areas, and the pressure from these and from Indonesian, have taken their toll. It is receding and falling into disuse in several of its areas, and generally undergoing marked structural changes.",bib7963,no +1515-LEI-1,1515,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1184,yes +1515-transmission-1,1515,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1184,yes +1515-domains_of_use-1,1515,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1184,yes +1515-speaker_number_trends-1,1515,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1184,yes +1515-vitality-1,1515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Taba is preferred for household use. Formal situations call for Malay, even if everyone present also speaks Taba. Functional domains for the use of Taba are decreasing. Local population is in decline, and as speakers more to population centers they switch to Malay. Children in this environment only speak Malay. Volcanic eruptions stimulate an accelerated pace of population dispersal.",bib1184,yes +1515-LEI-2,1515,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1515-speaker_number_trends-2,1515,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1515-vitality-2,1515,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1516-context-1,1516,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Inga, Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 1516-location-1,1516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.16666666667, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1516-location-2,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Putumayo Department, Sibundoy valley, near Ingas.",bib67,no 1516-location-3,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Putumayo department: Sibundoy valley, near Ingas",bib70,no -1516-location-4,1516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8788, -76.7724]]}",,,bib5307,no -1516-location-5,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1516-location-6,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +1516-location-4,1516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8788, -76.7724]]}",,,bib5330,no +1516-location-5,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1516-location-6,1516,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 1516-speaker_number-1,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1516-speakers-1,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 1516-speaker_number-2,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 4,020 (Crevels 2007).",bib70,no 1516-speakers-2,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 4,020 (Crevels 2007).",bib70,no -1516-speaker_number-3,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1516-speakers-3,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1516-speaker_number-3,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1516-speakers-3,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1516-speaker_number-4,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1516-speakers-4,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,022"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1516-speaker_number-5,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1516-speakers-5,1516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4773"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,773"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes -1516-speakers-6,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,773""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 4,736; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 4,773; Censo 2005: 4,879",bib6064,no +1516-speaker_number-5,1516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1516-speakers-5,1516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4773"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,773"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes +1516-speakers-6,1516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,773""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 4,736; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 4,773; Censo 2005: 4,879",bib6088,no 1516-LEI-1,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1516-vitality-1,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1516-LEI-2,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1516-vitality-2,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1516-LEI-3,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1516-vitality-3,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1516-LEI-3,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1516-vitality-3,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1516-LEI-4,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1516-vitality-4,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1516-LEI-5,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1516-vitality-5,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1517-context-1,1517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1516-LEI-5,1516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1516-vitality-5,1516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1517-context-1,1517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1517-location-1,1517,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.0, -83.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1517-location-2,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Central and northeast Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no -1517-location-3,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib713,yes -1517-location-4,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.359, -96.9298]]}",,,bib5307,no -1517-location-5,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, in and around the town of Shawnee; the Eastern Shawnee Tribe, in Ottawa County; the Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no -1517-location-6,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.359, -96.9298]]}",,,bib1709,no +1517-location-3,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib717,yes +1517-location-4,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.359, -96.9298]]}",,,bib5330,no +1517-location-5,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, in and around the town of Shawnee; the Eastern Shawnee Tribe, in Ottawa County; the Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no +1517-location-6,1517,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.359, -96.9298]]}",,,bib1721,no 1517-speaker_number-1,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Pearson (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1517-speakers-1,1517,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""490"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Pearson (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1517-speaker_number-2,1517,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib713,yes -1517-speakers-2,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib713,yes -1517-speaker_number-3,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1517-speakers-3,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1517-speaker_number-4,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no -1517-speakers-4,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no +1517-speaker_number-2,1517,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib717,yes +1517-speakers-2,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib717,yes +1517-speaker_number-3,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1517-speakers-3,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1517-speaker_number-4,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no +1517-speakers-4,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no 1517-speaker_number-5,1517,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1517-speakers-5,1517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1517-LEI-1,1517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of speakers is decreasing. @@ -10543,38 +10605,38 @@ Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.",bib67,no 1517-vitality-1,1517,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The number of speakers is decreasing. Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.",bib67,no -1517-LEI-2,1517,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib713,yes -1517-vitality-2,1517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib713,yes -1517-LEI-3,1517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1517-vitality-3,1517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1517-LEI-2,1517,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib717,yes +1517-vitality-2,1517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib717,yes +1517-LEI-3,1517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1517-vitality-3,1517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1517-LEI-4,1517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee -speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no +speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no 1517-transmission-4,1517,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee -speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no +speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no 1517-speaker_number_trends-4,1517,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee -speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no +speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no 1517-vitality-4,1517,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Absentee Shawnee Tribe, located in and around the town of Shawnee, near the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, has about 2,000 members. At least 100 Absentee Shawnees are fluent speakers of the language, constituting the largest Shawnee-speaking community. The language remains in use on ceremonial occasions, and informal language classes for adults are offered on an irregular schedule. The Eastern Shawnee Tribe, whose 1,500 members live in Ottawa County near the Oklahoma Seneca community, has only a few elderly Shawnee -speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5217,no +speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, reside in the Cherokee region of northeastern Oklahoma, mainly around Whiteoak.",bib5240,no 1517-LEI-5,1517,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1517-vitality-5,1517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1518-context-1,1518,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1518-location-1,1518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.5, -117.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1518-location-2,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,"California: south, San Bernardino and San Gorgonio Pass area.",bib70,no -1518-location-3,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Serrano descendants live mainly at the San Manuel Reservation near San Bernardino, also a number of Serranos have intermarried with the Cahuillas at the Morongo and Soboba Reservations.""}",,,bib5217,no -1518-location-4,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.1212, -117.2221]]}",,,bib1709,no +1518-location-3,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Serrano descendants live mainly at the San Manuel Reservation near San Bernardino, also a number of Serranos have intermarried with the Cahuillas at the Morongo and Soboba Reservations.""}",,,bib5240,no +1518-location-4,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.1212, -117.2221]]}",,,bib1721,no 1518-location-5,1518,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southern California, San Bernardino and San Gorgonio Pass area.""}",,,bib69,no -1518-speakers-1,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Limu is actively developing curriculum, classes, and media for many Serrano dialects.",bib6039,yes +1518-speakers-1,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Limu is actively developing curriculum, classes, and media for many Serrano dialects.",bib6063,yes 1518-speakers-2,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib70,no -1518-speakers-3,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Only a very few older people are speakers, none completely fluent.",bib5217,no +1518-speakers-3,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Only a very few older people are speakers, none completely fluent.",bib5240,no 1518-speaker_number-4,1518,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1518-speakers-4,1518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 1518-speakers-5,1518,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Only a very few older people are speakers, none completely fluent (Golla 2007).",bib69,no -1518-LEI-1,1518,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6039,yes -1518-vitality-1,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6039,yes +1518-LEI-1,1518,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6063,yes +1518-vitality-1,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6063,yes 1518-LEI-2,1518,LEI,Dormant (),,"Only a very few older people are speakers, none completely fluent",bib70,no 1518-vitality-2,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Only a very few older people are speakers, none completely fluent",bib70,no -1518-LEI-3,1518,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1518-vitality-3,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +1518-LEI-3,1518,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1518-vitality-3,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 1518-LEI-4,1518,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1518-vitality-4,1518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1518-LEI-5,1518,LEI,Awakening (),,Active language program at San Miguel.,bib69,no @@ -10585,8 +10647,8 @@ speakers. The Loyal Shawnee (or “Cherokee Shawnee”), a group of about 8,000, 1519-location-3,1519,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,"In Brazil: Pará and Roraima states. In Guyana: Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo region: southwest, headwaters of Essequibo River. In Suriname: Sipaliwini district: Kwamalasamutu area, Sipaliwini river, among Trio [tri] language speakers.",bib70,no -1519-location-4,1519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, -56.206]]}",,,bib5307,no -1519-location-5,1519,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Guyana""]}",,,bib1903,no +1519-location-4,1519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, -56.206]]}",,,bib5330,no +1519-location-5,1519,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Guyana""]}",,,bib1915,no 1519-speaker_number-1,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,910 in Brazil (ISA 2005). 200 in Guyana (Forte 1990).",bib67,no 1519-speakers-1,1519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 (Brazil), 1990 (Guyana)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,910 in Brazil (ISA 2005). 200 in Guyana (Forte 1990).",bib67,no 1519-speaker_number-2,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2020 in Brazil; ethnic population 2900 (2005). @@ -10597,35 +10659,35 @@ In Suriname: Sipaliwini district: Kwamalasamutu area, Sipaliwini river, among Tr 200 in Guyana; ethnic population 200 (2007). (Ethnologue lists 10 in Suriname (ethnic population 80, but these are Tunayana, listed in this catalogue as a separate language.)",bib70,no -1519-speaker_number-3,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1519-speakers-3,1519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,906"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1519-speaker_number-4,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people who are now called Waiwai by the outside world are remnants of various groups, such as the Mawayana, Hyxkaryana, Sikiana, and others. All of these tribe remnants have their own language or dialect. Nearly all that live among the Waiwai speak the Waiwai language fluently.",bib1903,no -1519-speakers-4,1519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,260"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,020"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people who are now called Waiwai by the outside world are remnants of various groups, such as the Mawayana, Hyxkaryana, Sikiana, and others. All of these tribe remnants have their own language or dialect. Nearly all that live among the Waiwai speak the Waiwai language fluently.",bib1903,no +1519-speaker_number-3,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1519-speakers-3,1519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,906"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1519-speaker_number-4,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people who are now called Waiwai by the outside world are remnants of various groups, such as the Mawayana, Hyxkaryana, Sikiana, and others. All of these tribe remnants have their own language or dialect. Nearly all that live among the Waiwai speak the Waiwai language fluently.",bib1915,no +1519-speakers-4,1519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,260"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,020"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people who are now called Waiwai by the outside world are remnants of various groups, such as the Mawayana, Hyxkaryana, Sikiana, and others. All of these tribe remnants have their own language or dialect. Nearly all that live among the Waiwai speak the Waiwai language fluently.",bib1915,no 1519-speaker_number-5,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1519-speakers-5,1519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1519-speaker_number-6,1519,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil: 2,914 speakers and population; Guyana 240 speakers and population. The Tunayana are mixed with Waiwai. In the 1960s, missionaries, who had been active among the Waiwai in neighbouring Guyana, came to evangelize the Surinamese American Indians of the interior. They brought with them a few Waiwai, as well as Mawayana and Tunayana who had been living among the Waiwai, and whose task it was to learn Trio in order to convert them. The Tunayana and Mawayana have remained in Suriname and now speak Trio as their first language. There are only about 10 elderly speakers of Tunayana out of an -ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1902,yes +ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1914,yes 1519-speakers-6,1519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,154"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,154"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 in Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil: 2,914 speakers and population; Guyana 240 speakers and population. The Tunayana are mixed with Waiwai. In the 1960s, missionaries, who had been active among the Waiwai in neighbouring Guyana, came to evangelize the Surinamese American Indians of the interior. They brought with them a few Waiwai, as well as Mawayana and Tunayana who had been living among the Waiwai, and whose task it was to learn Trio in order to convert them. The Tunayana and Mawayana have remained in Suriname and now speak Trio as their first language. There are only about 10 elderly speakers of Tunayana out of an -ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1902,yes +ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1914,yes 1519-LEI-1,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1519-vitality-1,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1519-LEI-2,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1519-vitality-2,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1519-LEI-3,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1519-vitality-3,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1519-LEI-4,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1519-vitality-4,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1519-LEI-3,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1519-vitality-3,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1519-LEI-4,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1519-vitality-4,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1519-LEI-5,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1519-vitality-5,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1519-LEI-6,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1519-vitality-6,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1520-location-1,1520,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Canindey\u00fa Department, Chupa Pou, Kontuwy, Kontuwywe, and Arroyo Bandera; Caaguaz\u00fa Department, Cerro Moroti; Alto Paran\u00e1 Department, Puerto Barra; Caazap\u00e1 Department, Ypetimi.""}",,,bib2290,yes +1519-LEI-6,1519,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1519-vitality-6,1519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1520-location-1,1520,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Canindey\u00fa Department, Chupa Pou, Kontuwy, Kontuwywe, and Arroyo Bandera; Caaguaz\u00fa Department, Cerro Moroti; Alto Paran\u00e1 Department, Puerto Barra; Caazap\u00e1 Department, Ypetimi.""}",,,bib2303,yes 1520-location-2,1520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.25, -55.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1520-speaker_number-1,1520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 (2006 census); 50 monolinguals; ethnic population: 1,420. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no @@ -10633,10 +10695,10 @@ ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1902,yes (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1520-speaker_number-2,1520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1520-speakers-2,1520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1520-speaker_number-3,1520,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2290,yes -1520-speakers-3,1520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,,bib2290,yes -1520-speaker_number-4,1520,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1520-speakers-4,1520,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""515"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +1520-speaker_number-3,1520,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2303,yes +1520-speakers-3,1520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,,bib2303,yes +1520-speaker_number-4,1520,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1520-speakers-4,1520,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""515"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 1520-LEI-1,1520,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Aché as: 5 (developing). It states that the language is used by speakers of all ages, and that attitudes towards Aché are generally positive.",bib68,no 1520-transmission-1,1520,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Aché as: 5 (developing). It states that the language is used by speakers of all ages, and that attitudes towards Aché are generally positive.",bib68,no 1520-domains_of_use-1,1520,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Aché as: 5 (developing). It states that the language is used by speakers of all ages, and that attitudes towards Aché are generally positive.",bib68,no @@ -10644,38 +10706,38 @@ ethnic group of about 80–90.",bib1902,yes 1520-vitality-1,1520,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Aché as: 5 (developing). It states that the language is used by speakers of all ages, and that attitudes towards Aché are generally positive.",bib68,no 1520-LEI-2,1520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1520-vitality-2,1520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1520-LEI-3,1520,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2290,yes -1520-transmission-3,1520,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2290,yes -1520-vitality-3,1520,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2290,yes -1520-LEI-4,1520,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1520-vitality-4,1520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1520-LEI-3,1520,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2303,yes +1520-transmission-3,1520,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2303,yes +1520-vitality-3,1520,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Intergenerational transmission is interrupted, as only older generations speak Aché fluently and in most speech domains. The younger generations have switched to the two national languages in Paraguay: (non-indigenous) Guarani and Paraguayan Spanish.",bib2303,yes +1520-LEI-4,1520,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1520-vitality-4,1520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1526-context-1,1526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1526-context-2,1526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1526-context-3,1526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1526-context-2,1526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1526-context-3,1526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1526-location-1,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[56.61, -125.28]]}",,,bib73,yes 1526-location-2,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North central British Columbia, Ware and Fort McLeod, some residents of the Beaver community of Prophet River and the Tahltan community of Iskut.""}",,,bib67,no -1526-location-3,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[58.0952, -122.7067]]}",,,bib5307,no +1526-location-3,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[58.0952, -122.7067]]}",,,bib5330,no 1526-location-4,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Spoken in northeastern B.C., in 3 communities: Kwadacha Band McLeod Lake Indian Band -Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2541,no -1526-location-5,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Spoken in two remote communities in north-central British Columbia, Ware and Fort McLeod, as well as by some residents of the Beaver community of Prophet River and the Tahltan community of Iskut. A fair degree of mutual intelligibility exits between Sekani and Beaver, Kaska, and Tahltan.",bib5217,no +Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2554,no +1526-location-5,1526,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Spoken in two remote communities in north-central British Columbia, Ware and Fort McLeod, as well as by some residents of the Beaver community of Prophet River and the Tahltan community of Iskut. A fair degree of mutual intelligibility exits between Sekani and Beaver, Kaska, and Tahltan.",bib5240,no 1526-speaker_number-1,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib73,yes 1526-speakers-1,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,307"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100""}",,,bib73,yes 1526-speaker_number-2,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Hargus (1997). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1982) and S. Hargus (1997).,bib67,no 1526-speakers-2,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Hargus (1997). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1982) and S. Hargus (1997).,bib67,no -1526-speaker_number-3,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1526-speakers-3,1526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1526-speaker_number-4,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -1526-speakers-4,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1503"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""59"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""234""}",,,bib1282,no -1526-speaker_number-5,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2541,no -1526-speakers-5,1526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""243""}",,,bib2541,no -1526-speaker_number-6,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are about 50 speakers. It is not spoken by children as a first language. There are few if any first-language speakers under 35.,bib5217,no -1526-speakers-6,1526,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""few if any under 35"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are about 50 speakers. It is not spoken by children as a first language. There are few if any first-language speakers under 35.,bib5217,no +1526-speaker_number-3,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1526-speakers-3,1526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1526-speaker_number-4,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +1526-speakers-4,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1503"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""59"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""234""}",,,bib1291,no +1526-speaker_number-5,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2554,no +1526-speakers-5,1526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""243""}",,,bib2554,no +1526-speaker_number-6,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are about 50 speakers. It is not spoken by children as a first language. There are few if any first-language speakers under 35.,bib5240,no +1526-speakers-6,1526,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""few if any under 35"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are about 50 speakers. It is not spoken by children as a first language. There are few if any first-language speakers under 35.,bib5240,no 1526-speaker_number-7,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1526-speakers-7,1526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1526-speaker_number-8,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -1526-speakers-8,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""66 fluent and 87 semi-speakers. 138 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""87"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""138""}",,,bib2905,no +1526-speaker_number-8,1526,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +1526-speakers-8,1526,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""66 fluent and 87 semi-speakers. 138 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""87"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""138""}",,,bib2919,no 1526-LEI-1,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1526-transmission-1,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1526-speaker_number_trends-1,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes @@ -10683,48 +10745,48 @@ Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2541,no 1526-LEI-2,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1526-transmission-2,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1526-vitality-2,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -1526-LEI-3,1526,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1526-vitality-3,1526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1526-LEI-4,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1282,no -1526-transmission-4,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1282,no -1526-speaker_number_trends-4,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1282,no -1526-vitality-4,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1282,no -1526-LEI-5,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1526-transmission-5,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1526-speaker_number_trends-5,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1526-vitality-5,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2541,no -1526-LEI-6,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1526-transmission-6,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1526-speaker_number_trends-6,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1526-vitality-6,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1526-LEI-3,1526,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1526-vitality-3,1526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1526-LEI-4,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1291,no +1526-transmission-4,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1291,no +1526-speaker_number_trends-4,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1291,no +1526-vitality-4,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"3.9% fluent speakers, 15.6% semispeakers, 17.4% active learners",bib1291,no +1526-LEI-5,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1526-transmission-5,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1526-speaker_number_trends-5,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1526-vitality-5,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 17.2% semispeakers, 11.6% learners.",bib2554,no +1526-LEI-6,1526,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1526-transmission-6,1526,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1526-speaker_number_trends-6,1526,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1526-vitality-6,1526,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1526-LEI-7,1526,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1526-vitality-7,1526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1527-context-1,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes 1527-context-2,1527,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,Taught in the local school.,bib70,no -1527-context-3,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -1527-context-4,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1527-context-5,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1527-context-3,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1527-context-4,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1527-context-5,1527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1527-location-1,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.34, -123.95]]}",,,bib73,yes 1527-location-2,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia coast north of Vancouver.""}",,,bib70,no -1527-location-3,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.0846, -123.7437]]}",,,bib5307,no -1527-location-4,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Spoken in the community of Sechelt Indian Band near Sechelt, B.C.",bib2541,no -1527-location-5,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Sechelt Band on the north coast of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia.",bib5217,no +1527-location-3,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.0846, -123.7437]]}",,,bib5330,no +1527-location-4,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Spoken in the community of Sechelt Indian Band near Sechelt, B.C.",bib2554,no +1527-location-5,1527,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,"Sechelt Band on the north coast of the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia.",bib5240,no 1527-speaker_number-1,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib73,yes 1527-speakers-1,1527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,155"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""233""}",,,bib73,yes 1527-speaker_number-2,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib70,no 1527-speakers-2,1527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib70,no -1527-speaker_number-3,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1527-speakers-3,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1527-speaker_number-4,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1282,no -1527-speakers-4,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib1282,no -1527-speaker_number-5,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2541,no -1527-speakers-5,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib2541,no -1527-speaker_number-6,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Out of a total population of over 700 there are up to 45 speakers of varying degrees of fluency (only 15 fully fluent), the youngest in his 50s, with an additional 10 to 15 who can carry on limited conversations.",bib5217,no -1527-speakers-6,1527,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""The youngest in his 50s."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30?""}",,"Out of a total population of over 700 there are up to 45 speakers of varying degrees of fluency (only 15 fully fluent), the youngest in his 50s, with an additional 10 to 15 who can carry on limited conversations.",bib5217,no +1527-speaker_number-3,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1527-speakers-3,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1527-speaker_number-4,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1291,no +1527-speakers-4,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib1291,no +1527-speaker_number-5,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2554,no +1527-speakers-5,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""34""}",,,bib2554,no +1527-speaker_number-6,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Out of a total population of over 700 there are up to 45 speakers of varying degrees of fluency (only 15 fully fluent), the youngest in his 50s, with an additional 10 to 15 who can carry on limited conversations.",bib5240,no +1527-speakers-6,1527,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""The youngest in his 50s."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30?""}",,"Out of a total population of over 700 there are up to 45 speakers of varying degrees of fluency (only 15 fully fluent), the youngest in his 50s, with an additional 10 to 15 who can carry on limited conversations.",bib5240,no 1527-speaker_number-7,1527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1527-speakers-7,1527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1527-speaker_number-8,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2905,no -1527-speakers-8,1527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,583"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2 fluent and 12 semi-speakers. 155 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""12"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""155""}",,,bib2905,no +1527-speaker_number-8,1527,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2919,no +1527-speakers-8,1527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,583"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2 fluent and 12 semi-speakers. 155 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""12"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""155""}",,,bib2919,no 1527-LEI-1,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1527-transmission-1,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1527-speaker_number_trends-1,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes @@ -10732,32 +10794,32 @@ Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2541,no 1527-LEI-2,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 50 and older. Shifting to English. Strong desire to revive the language.,bib70,no 1527-transmission-2,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 50 and older. Shifting to English. Strong desire to revive the language.,bib70,no 1527-vitality-2,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Speakers 50 and older. Shifting to English. Strong desire to revive the language.,bib70,no -1527-LEI-3,1527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1527-vitality-3,1527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1527-LEI-4,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1282,no -1527-transmission-4,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1282,no -1527-speaker_number_trends-4,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1282,no -1527-vitality-4,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1282,no -1527-LEI-5,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1527-transmission-5,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1527-speaker_number_trends-5,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1527-vitality-5,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1527-LEI-6,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1527-transmission-6,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1527-speaker_number_trends-6,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1527-vitality-6,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1527-LEI-3,1527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1527-vitality-3,1527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1527-LEI-4,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1291,no +1527-transmission-4,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1291,no +1527-speaker_number_trends-4,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1291,no +1527-vitality-4,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".3% fluent speakers, 2.4% semispeakers, 12.4% learners",bib1291,no +1527-LEI-5,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1527-transmission-5,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1527-speaker_number_trends-5,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1527-vitality-5,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1527-LEI-6,1527,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1527-transmission-6,1527,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1527-speaker_number_trends-6,1527,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1527-vitality-6,1527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1527-LEI-7,1527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1527-vitality-7,1527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1528-context-1,1528,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1528-location-1,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2984,no +1528-context-1,1528,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1528-location-1,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2998,no 1528-location-2,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0, -83.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1528-location-3,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Tama, Iowa. Mesquakie dialect: eastern Kansas-Nebraska border and central Oklahoma; Sac and Fox dialects: Sac and Fox Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no 1528-location-4,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Iowa, Oklahoma""]}",,Iowa: Tama. Kansas and Nebraska: eastern border area (Mesquakie dialect): Oklahoma: central (Mesquakie dialect); Fox and Sac Reservation (Fox and Sac dialects).,bib70,no -1528-location-5,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.9637, -92.5768]]}",,,bib5307,no -1528-location-6,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1528-location-7,1528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.9637, -92.5768]]}",,,bib1709,no -1528-speaker_number-1,1528,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number 1,100 reflects a combination of speakers of both Sauk-Fox and Kickapoo as the two are mutually intelligible. So although the two areas are distinct and separate, according to the definition used here if two spoken systems are mutually intelligible, they are considered the same language.",bib2984,no -1528-speakers-1,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number 1,100 reflects a combination of speakers of both Sauk-Fox and Kickapoo as the two are mutually intelligible. So although the two areas are distinct and separate, according to the definition used here if two spoken systems are mutually intelligible, they are considered the same language.",bib2984,no +1528-location-5,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.9637, -92.5768]]}",,,bib5330,no +1528-location-6,1528,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1528-location-7,1528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.9637, -92.5768]]}",,,bib1721,no +1528-speaker_number-1,1528,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number 1,100 reflects a combination of speakers of both Sauk-Fox and Kickapoo as the two are mutually intelligible. So although the two areas are distinct and separate, according to the definition used here if two spoken systems are mutually intelligible, they are considered the same language.",bib2998,no +1528-speakers-1,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number 1,100 reflects a combination of speakers of both Sauk-Fox and Kickapoo as the two are mutually intelligible. So although the two areas are distinct and separate, according to the definition used here if two spoken systems are mutually intelligible, they are considered the same language.",bib2998,no 1528-speaker_number-2,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""A handful of Sauk speakers (2000 I. Goddard)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from I. Goddard (2001). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. 200 (2001 I. Goddard). 200 Mesquakie in Iowa, more than 50 Sac and Fox in central Oklahoma, a few Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 760 Fox (2013).",bib67,no @@ -10766,15 +10828,15 @@ Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2541,no 200 (2001 I. Goddard). 200 Mesquakie in Iowa, more than 50 Sac and Fox in central Oklahoma, a few Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 760 Fox (2013).",bib67,no 1528-speaker_number-3,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (2001 I. Goddard). 200 Mesquakie in Iowa, more than 50 Sac and Fox in central Oklahoma, a few Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 760 Fox.",bib70,no 1528-speakers-3,1528,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""760"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200 or 250?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (2001 I. Goddard). 200 Mesquakie in Iowa, more than 50 Sac and Fox in central Oklahoma, a few Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 760 Fox.",bib70,no -1528-speaker_number-4,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1528-speakers-4,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1528-speaker_number-5,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Sauk-Fox (Meskwaki), spoken by about 200 members of the Meskwaki Tribe in Iowa. It was the heritage language also of the historically separate Sauk tribe, whose descendants today are the Sac and Fox Tribe of central Oklahoma and the Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border. The Meskwaki variety is also called “Fox”; it differs from Sauk in minor details of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, but the variation within Meskwaki alone is almost as great. Kickapoo was originally part of the same dialect complex, but for historical and social reasons it is treated as a separate language.",bib5217,yes -1528-speakers-5,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Sauk-Fox (Meskwaki), spoken by about 200 members of the Meskwaki Tribe in Iowa. It was the heritage language also of the historically separate Sauk tribe, whose descendants today are the Sac and Fox Tribe of central Oklahoma and the Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border. The Meskwaki variety is also called “Fox”; it differs from Sauk in minor details of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, but the variation within Meskwaki alone is almost as great. Kickapoo was originally part of the same dialect complex, but for historical and social reasons it is treated as a separate language.",bib5217,yes +1528-speaker_number-4,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1528-speakers-4,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1528-speaker_number-5,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Sauk-Fox (Meskwaki), spoken by about 200 members of the Meskwaki Tribe in Iowa. It was the heritage language also of the historically separate Sauk tribe, whose descendants today are the Sac and Fox Tribe of central Oklahoma and the Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border. The Meskwaki variety is also called “Fox”; it differs from Sauk in minor details of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, but the variation within Meskwaki alone is almost as great. Kickapoo was originally part of the same dialect complex, but for historical and social reasons it is treated as a separate language.",bib5240,yes +1528-speakers-5,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Sauk-Fox (Meskwaki), spoken by about 200 members of the Meskwaki Tribe in Iowa. It was the heritage language also of the historically separate Sauk tribe, whose descendants today are the Sac and Fox Tribe of central Oklahoma and the Nemaha Sauks on the Kansas-Nebraska border. The Meskwaki variety is also called “Fox”; it differs from Sauk in minor details of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, but the variation within Meskwaki alone is almost as great. Kickapoo was originally part of the same dialect complex, but for historical and social reasons it is treated as a separate language.",bib5240,yes 1528-speaker_number-6,1528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1528-speakers-6,1528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1528-LEI-1,1528,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1528-transmission-1,1528,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2984,no -1528-vitality-1,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1528-LEI-1,1528,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1528-transmission-1,1528,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2998,no +1528-vitality-1,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1528-LEI-2,1528,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English [eng]. Mostly older adults.,bib67,no 1528-transmission-2,1528,transmission,4,transmission-4,Shifting to English [eng]. Mostly older adults.,bib67,no 1528-vitality-2,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to English [eng]. Mostly older adults.,bib67,no @@ -10782,125 +10844,125 @@ Tsay Keh Dene Band",bib2541,no 1528-transmission-3,1528,transmission,5,transmission-5,Mostly older adults.,bib70,no 1528-speaker_number_trends-3,1528,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Mostly older adults.,bib70,no 1528-vitality-3,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mostly older adults.,bib70,no -1528-LEI-4,1528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1528-vitality-4,1528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1528-LEI-5,1528,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1528-transmission-5,1528,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,yes -1528-speaker_number_trends-5,1528,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1528-vitality-5,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1528-LEI-4,1528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1528-vitality-4,1528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1528-LEI-5,1528,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1528-transmission-5,1528,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,yes +1528-speaker_number_trends-5,1528,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1528-vitality-5,1528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1528-LEI-6,1528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1528-vitality-6,1528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1529-context-1,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no -1529-context-2,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1529-context-3,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Tsuut'ina Nation"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Tsuut'ina Gunaha Institute; University of Calgary""}",,"The Tsuut'ina Gunaha Institute is the language program of the Tsuut'ina Nation. As of 2011, they have partnered with the University of Calgary Faculty of Education to found the Tsuut’ina Specific Teachers Training program.",bib3760,yes -1529-location-1,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta""}",,,bib2984,no +1529-context-1,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no +1529-context-2,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1529-context-3,1529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Tsuut'ina Nation"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Tsuut'ina Gunaha Institute; University of Calgary""}",,"The Tsuut'ina Gunaha Institute is the language program of the Tsuut'ina Nation. As of 2011, they have partnered with the University of Calgary Faculty of Education to found the Tsuut’ina Specific Teachers Training program.",bib3779,yes +1529-location-1,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta""}",,,bib2998,no 1529-location-2,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.5, -116.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1529-location-3,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta, near Calgary.""}",,,bib67,no -1529-location-4,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.9682, -114.3851]]}",,,bib5307,no +1529-location-4,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.9682, -114.3851]]}",,,bib5330,no 1529-location-5,1529,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Sarcee Reserve, east of Calgary, Alberta""}",,"It is spoken fluently by fewer than 10 elderly people on or near the Sarcee Reserve, east of Calgary, -Alberta, along with a small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5217,no -1529-speaker_number-1,1529,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1529-speakers-1,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several""}",,,bib2984,no +Alberta, along with a small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5240,no +1529-speaker_number-1,1529,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1529-speakers-1,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several""}",,,bib2998,no 1529-speaker_number-2,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Kinkade (1991). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1977). 170 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 600 (1977 SIL). L2 users: A small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 1529-speakers-2,1529,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Kinkade (1991). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1977). 170 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 600 (1977 SIL). L2 users: A small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1529-speaker_number-3,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1529-speakers-3,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1529-speaker_number-4,1529,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -1529-speakers-4,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A small number""}",,,bib5217,no +1529-speaker_number-3,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1529-speakers-3,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1529-speaker_number-4,1529,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +1529-speakers-4,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A small number""}",,,bib5240,no 1529-speaker_number-5,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1529-speakers-5,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1529-speaker_number-6,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There is an estimated 47 fluent speakers of the Tsuut'ina language remaining, with another segment of the population who can understand fluently. Language revitalization efforts are contributing to improved health of the language.",bib3760,yes -1529-speakers-6,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several""}",,"There is an estimated 47 fluent speakers of the Tsuut'ina language remaining, with another segment of the population who can understand fluently. Language revitalization efforts are contributing to improved health of the language.",bib3760,yes -1529-LEI-1,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1529-transmission-1,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1529-speaker_number_trends-1,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1529-vitality-1,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no +1529-speaker_number-6,1529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There is an estimated 47 fluent speakers of the Tsuut'ina language remaining, with another segment of the population who can understand fluently. Language revitalization efforts are contributing to improved health of the language.",bib3779,yes +1529-speakers-6,1529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several""}",,"There is an estimated 47 fluent speakers of the Tsuut'ina language remaining, with another segment of the population who can understand fluently. Language revitalization efforts are contributing to improved health of the language.",bib3779,yes +1529-LEI-1,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1529-transmission-1,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1529-speaker_number_trends-1,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1529-vitality-1,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no 1529-LEI-2,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1529-transmission-2,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1529-speaker_number_trends-2,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1529-vitality-2,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1529-LEI-3,1529,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1529-vitality-3,1529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1529-LEI-4,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1529-transmission-4,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1529-speaker_number_trends-4,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1529-vitality-4,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1529-LEI-3,1529,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1529-vitality-3,1529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1529-LEI-4,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1529-transmission-4,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1529-speaker_number_trends-4,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1529-vitality-4,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1529-LEI-5,1529,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1529-vitality-5,1529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1529-LEI-6,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3760,yes -1529-transmission-6,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3760,yes -1529-speaker_number_trends-6,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3760,yes -1529-vitality-6,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3760,yes +1529-LEI-6,1529,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3779,yes +1529-transmission-6,1529,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3779,yes +1529-speaker_number_trends-6,1529,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3779,yes +1529-vitality-6,1529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3779,yes 1530-location-1,1530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8333333333, -114.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1530-location-2,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Ft. Yuma Reservation, southeast corner of California.""}",,,bib67,no -1530-location-3,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.7279, -114.7255]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1530-location-4,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.""}",,"Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5217,no -1530-location-5,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.7279, -114.7255]]}",,,bib1709,no +1530-location-3,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.7279, -114.7255]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1530-location-4,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.""}",,"Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5240,no +1530-location-5,1530,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.7279, -114.7255]]}",,,bib1721,no 1530-speaker_number-1,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 (1994 L. Hinton). 360 Delta River Yuman and 400 Yuma (2000 census). Ethnic population: 3,000 (2000 A. Yamamoto). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1530-speakers-1,1530,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994 speakers, 2000 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 (1994 L. Hinton). 360 Delta River Yuman and 400 Yuma (2000 census). Ethnic population: 3,000 (2000 A. Yamamoto). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1530-speaker_number-2,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1530-speakers-2,1530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1530-speaker_number-3,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by 150 to 200 of the 3,000 members of the Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5217,no -1530-speakers-3,1530,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by 150 to 200 of the 3,000 members of the Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5217,no +1530-speaker_number-2,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1530-speakers-2,1530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1530-speaker_number-3,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by 150 to 200 of the 3,000 members of the Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5240,no +1530-speakers-3,1530,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by 150 to 200 of the 3,000 members of the Quechan Indian Nation of southeastern California, adjacent to Yuma, Arizona.",bib5240,no 1530-speaker_number-4,1530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1530-speakers-4,1530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1530-LEI-1,1530,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English [eng]. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but there are a number of young semispeakers.,bib67,no 1530-transmission-1,1530,transmission,3,transmission-3,Shifting to English [eng]. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but there are a number of young semispeakers.,bib67,no 1530-vitality-1,1530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to English [eng]. Only middle-aged or elderly are fluent but there are a number of young semispeakers.,bib67,no -1530-LEI-2,1530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1530-vitality-2,1530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1530-LEI-3,1530,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1530-transmission-3,1530,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1530-vitality-3,1530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no +1530-LEI-2,1530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1530-vitality-2,1530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1530-LEI-3,1530,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1530-transmission-3,1530,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1530-vitality-3,1530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no 1530-LEI-4,1530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1530-vitality-4,1530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1531-context-1,1531,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4245,no +1531-context-1,1531,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4265,no 1531-location-1,1531,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.3333333333, -123.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1531-location-2,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,California: Northern California.,bib4245,no -1531-location-3,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[39.4143, -123.3502]]}",,,bib1709,no -1531-location-4,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.4143, -123.3502]]}",,,bib5307,no -1531-location-5,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Sherwood Rancheria near Willits, California""}",,,bib5217,no -1531-speakers-1,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,The language is no longer fluently spoken.,bib4245,no -1531-speaker_number-2,1531,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1531-speakers-2,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1531-speakers-3,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few known elderly speakers""}",,Has very few known elderly speakers.,bib5217,no +1531-location-2,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,California: Northern California.,bib4265,no +1531-location-3,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[39.4143, -123.3502]]}",,,bib1721,no +1531-location-4,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.4143, -123.3502]]}",,,bib5330,no +1531-location-5,1531,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Sherwood Rancheria near Willits, California""}",,,bib5240,no +1531-speakers-1,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,The language is no longer fluently spoken.,bib4265,no +1531-speaker_number-2,1531,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1531-speakers-2,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1531-speakers-3,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few known elderly speakers""}",,Has very few known elderly speakers.,bib5240,no 1531-speaker_number-4,1531,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"1 (Golla 2007). One elderly speaker at Sherwood Rancheria, near Willits (Golla 2007).",bib68,no 1531-speakers-4,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1\n(Unchanged 2016.)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"1 (Golla 2007). One elderly speaker at Sherwood Rancheria, near Willits (Golla 2007).",bib68,no -1531-speakers-5,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last speaker passed away in 2005.,bib5596,yes -1531-LEI-1,1531,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4245,no -1531-vitality-1,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4245,no -1531-LEI-2,1531,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1531-vitality-2,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1531-speakers-5,1531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last speaker passed away in 2005.,bib5620,yes +1531-LEI-1,1531,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4265,no +1531-vitality-1,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4265,no +1531-LEI-2,1531,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1531-vitality-2,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1531-LEI-3,1531,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1531-transmission-3,1531,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 1531-speaker_number_trends-3,1531,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib68,no 1531-vitality-3,1531,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no -1531-LEI-4,1531,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5596,yes -1531-vitality-4,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5596,yes +1531-LEI-4,1531,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5620,yes +1531-vitality-4,1531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5620,yes 1532-context-1,1532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1532-context-2,1532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5205,yes +1532-context-2,1532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5227,yes 1532-location-1,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.0, -123.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1532-location-2,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib67,no 1532-location-3,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,California: Clear Lake area.,bib70,no -1532-location-4,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.9704, -123.6893]]}",,,bib5307,no -1532-location-5,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,,bib5205,yes -1532-location-6,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""California coast at Point Arena-Manchester and about 40 miles inland in the Hopeland area.""}",,,bib5217,no -1532-location-7,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.9704, -123.6893]]}",,,bib1709,no +1532-location-4,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.9704, -123.6893]]}",,,bib5330,no +1532-location-5,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,,bib5227,yes +1532-location-6,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""California coast at Point Arena-Manchester and about 40 miles inland in the Hopeland area.""}",,,bib5240,no +1532-location-7,1532,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.9704, -123.6893]]}",,,bib1721,no 1532-speaker_number-1,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Mithun (1997). The data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. According to a different source, just a few years earlier the ethnic population was 4,766 (M. Mithun 1997).",bib67,no 1532-speakers-1,1532,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""255"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Mithun (1997). The data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. According to a different source, just a few years earlier the ethnic population was 4,766 (M. Mithun 1997).",bib67,no 1532-speaker_number-2,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"2 (1997 M. Mithun). Several speakers in the Hopland area and at Manchester and Point Areana on the coast (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 4,770 (1997 M. Mithun).",bib70,no 1532-speakers-2,1532,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4770"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"2 (1997 M. Mithun). Several speakers in the Hopland area and at Manchester and Point Areana on the coast (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 4,770 (1997 M. Mithun).",bib70,no -1532-speaker_number-3,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1532-speakers-3,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1532-speakers-4,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib5205,yes -1532-speaker_number-5,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -1532-speakers-5,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5217,no +1532-speaker_number-3,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1532-speakers-3,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1532-speakers-4,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib5227,yes +1532-speaker_number-5,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +1532-speakers-5,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5240,no 1532-speaker_number-6,1532,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1532-speakers-6,1532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 1532-LEI-1,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -10909,207 +10971,207 @@ Alberta, along with a small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib52 1532-transmission-2,1532,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1532-speaker_number_trends-2,1532,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1532-vitality-2,1532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1532-LEI-3,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1532-vitality-3,1532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1532-LEI-4,1532,LEI,Dormant (),,Revitalization efforts underway with a number of language learners.,bib5205,yes -1532-vitality-4,1532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Revitalization efforts underway with a number of language learners.,bib5205,yes -1532-LEI-5,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1532-transmission-5,1532,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1532-speaker_number_trends-5,1532,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1532-vitality-5,1532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1532-LEI-3,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1532-vitality-3,1532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1532-LEI-4,1532,LEI,Dormant (),,Revitalization efforts underway with a number of language learners.,bib5227,yes +1532-vitality-4,1532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Revitalization efforts underway with a number of language learners.,bib5227,yes +1532-LEI-5,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1532-transmission-5,1532,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1532-speaker_number_trends-5,1532,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1532-vitality-5,1532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1532-LEI-6,1532,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1532-vitality-6,1532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1533-context-1,1533,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7670,yes +1533-context-1,1533,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7695,yes 1533-location-1,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib67,no -1533-location-2,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.7048, -122.8971]]}",,,bib5307,no -1533-location-3,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.""}",,,bib5217,no -1533-location-4,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.7048, -122.8971]]}",,,bib1709,no -1533-location-5,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern Pomo speakers lived in villages from as far south as present-day Santa Rosa and Sebastopol north to the greater Cloverdale area. To the west of Cloverdale, speakers lived along Dry Creek, and a small number lived along the highlands west of the Russian River valley and in the redwood forests and coastal land along the Pacific between the Kashaya and the Central Pomo speakers.""}",,,bib7670,yes +1533-location-2,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.7048, -122.8971]]}",,,bib5330,no +1533-location-3,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.""}",,,bib5240,no +1533-location-4,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.7048, -122.8971]]}",,,bib1721,no +1533-location-5,1533,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern Pomo speakers lived in villages from as far south as present-day Santa Rosa and Sebastopol north to the greater Cloverdale area. To the west of Cloverdale, speakers lived along Dry Creek, and a small number lived along the highlands west of the Russian River valley and in the redwood forests and coastal land along the Pacific between the Kashaya and the Central Pomo speakers.""}",,,bib7695,yes 1533-speaker_number-1,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (L. Hinton 1994) (Speakers in the Cloverdale and Geyserville areas [2016].)",bib67,no 1533-speakers-1,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number data: (L. Hinton 1994) (Speakers in the Cloverdale and Geyserville areas [2016].)",bib67,no -1533-speaker_number-2,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1533-speakers-2,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1533-speaker_number-3,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Southern Pomo is spoken by very few elderly people along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.",bib5217,no -1533-speakers-3,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Southern Pomo is spoken by very few elderly people along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.",bib5217,no +1533-speaker_number-2,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1533-speakers-2,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1533-speaker_number-3,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Southern Pomo is spoken by very few elderly people along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.",bib5240,no +1533-speakers-3,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Southern Pomo is spoken by very few elderly people along the lower course of the Russian River in Sonoma County, California.",bib5240,no 1533-speaker_number-4,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1533-speakers-4,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1533-speaker_number-5,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Southern Pomo is moribund. No child born after 1920 has learned the language, and as of 2012 there is only one confirmed fluent speaker and another speaker who maintains native phonology and spoke the language as a young man. The remaining speakers do not know each other, and Southern Pomo has therefore not been used as a medium of communication for decades. Though no one under 90 is fluent, there are scores of tribal members who learned dozens of words as children, and a subset of these words have been passed down to subsequent generations. (pp. 28-29.)",bib7670,yes -1533-speakers-5,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Southern Pomo is moribund. No child born after 1920 has learned the language, and as of 2012 there is only one confirmed fluent speaker and another speaker who maintains native phonology and spoke the language as a young man. The remaining speakers do not know each other, and Southern Pomo has therefore not been used as a medium of communication for decades. Though no one under 90 is fluent, there are scores of tribal members who learned dozens of words as children, and a subset of these words have been passed down to subsequent generations. (pp. 28-29.)",bib7670,yes +1533-speaker_number-5,1533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Southern Pomo is moribund. No child born after 1920 has learned the language, and as of 2012 there is only one confirmed fluent speaker and another speaker who maintains native phonology and spoke the language as a young man. The remaining speakers do not know each other, and Southern Pomo has therefore not been used as a medium of communication for decades. Though no one under 90 is fluent, there are scores of tribal members who learned dozens of words as children, and a subset of these words have been passed down to subsequent generations. (pp. 28-29.)",bib7695,yes +1533-speakers-5,1533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Southern Pomo is moribund. No child born after 1920 has learned the language, and as of 2012 there is only one confirmed fluent speaker and another speaker who maintains native phonology and spoke the language as a young man. The remaining speakers do not know each other, and Southern Pomo has therefore not been used as a medium of communication for decades. Though no one under 90 is fluent, there are scores of tribal members who learned dozens of words as children, and a subset of these words have been passed down to subsequent generations. (pp. 28-29.)",bib7695,yes 1533-LEI-1,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1533-transmission-1,1533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1533-speaker_number_trends-1,1533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1533-vitality-1,1533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1533-LEI-2,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1533-vitality-2,1533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1533-LEI-3,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1533-transmission-3,1533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1533-speaker_number_trends-3,1533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1533-vitality-3,1533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1533-LEI-2,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1533-vitality-2,1533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1533-LEI-3,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1533-transmission-3,1533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1533-speaker_number_trends-3,1533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1533-vitality-3,1533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1533-LEI-4,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1533-vitality-4,1533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1533-LEI-5,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7670,yes -1533-transmission-5,1533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7670,yes -1533-speaker_number_trends-5,1533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7670,yes -1533-vitality-5,1533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7670,yes +1533-LEI-5,1533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7695,yes +1533-transmission-5,1533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7695,yes +1533-speaker_number_trends-5,1533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7695,yes +1533-vitality-5,1533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7695,yes 1534-location-1,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6666666667, -123.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1534-location-2,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib67,no -1534-location-3,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6603, -123.3045]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1534-location-4,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Along the California coast near the mouth of the Russian River.""}",,,bib5217,no -1534-location-5,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6603, -123.3045]]}",,,bib1709,no +1534-location-3,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6603, -123.3045]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1534-location-4,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Along the California coast near the mouth of the Russian River.""}",,,bib5240,no +1534-location-5,1534,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.6603, -123.3045]]}",,,bib1721,no 1534-speaker_number-1,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"45 (1994 L. Hinton), decreasing. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1534-speakers-1,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"45 (1994 L. Hinton), decreasing. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1534-speaker_number-2,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1534-speakers-2,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1534-speaker_number-3,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,spoken by several dozen people.,bib5217,no -1534-speakers-3,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,spoken by several dozen people.,bib5217,no +1534-speaker_number-2,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1534-speakers-2,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1534-speaker_number-3,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,spoken by several dozen people.,bib5240,no +1534-speakers-3,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""several dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,spoken by several dozen people.,bib5240,no 1534-speaker_number-4,1534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1534-speakers-4,1534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1534-LEI-1,1534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 1534-vitality-1,1534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no -1534-LEI-2,1534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1534-vitality-2,1534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1534-LEI-3,1534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1534-transmission-3,1534,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1534-speaker_number_trends-3,1534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1534-vitality-3,1534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1534-LEI-2,1534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1534-vitality-2,1534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1534-LEI-3,1534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1534-transmission-3,1534,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1534-speaker_number_trends-3,1534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1534-vitality-3,1534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1534-LEI-4,1534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1534-vitality-4,1534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1536-context-1,1536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5773,no -1536-location-1,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2984,no +1536-context-1,1536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5797,no +1536-location-1,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2998,no 1536-location-2,1536,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.0, -98.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1536-location-3,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""North central Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no -1536-location-4,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.3372, -96.8032]]}",,,bib5307,no -1536-location-5,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Pawnee County in north-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5217,yes -1536-location-6,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.3372, -96.8032]]}",,,bib1709,no -1536-speaker_number-1,1536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1536-speakers-1,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no +1536-location-4,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.3372, -96.8032]]}",,,bib5330,no +1536-location-5,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Pawnee County in north-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5240,yes +1536-location-6,1536,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.3372, -96.8032]]}",,,bib1721,no +1536-speaker_number-1,1536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1536-speakers-1,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no 1536-speaker_number-2,1536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Parks (1997). A few years earlier the ethnic population was 2,500 (J. Parks 1997). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. 10 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no 1536-speakers-2,1536,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""79"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Parks (1997). A few years earlier the ethnic population was 2,500 (J. Parks 1997). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. 10 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no -1536-speakers-3,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Today no fluent speakers of either Pawnne dialect remain, although there are still individuals who know some of their heritage language.",bib5773,no -1536-speaker_number-4,1536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1536-speakers-4,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1536-speaker_number-5,1536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are fewer than 10 speakers, all elderly and most speaking the South Band dialect, in a total tribal population of about 2,500.",bib5217,yes -1536-speakers-5,1536,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are fewer than 10 speakers, all elderly and most speaking the South Band dialect, in a total tribal population of about 2,500.",bib5217,yes +1536-speakers-3,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Today no fluent speakers of either Pawnne dialect remain, although there are still individuals who know some of their heritage language.",bib5797,no +1536-speaker_number-4,1536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1536-speakers-4,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1536-speaker_number-5,1536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are fewer than 10 speakers, all elderly and most speaking the South Band dialect, in a total tribal population of about 2,500.",bib5240,yes +1536-speakers-5,1536,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are fewer than 10 speakers, all elderly and most speaking the South Band dialect, in a total tribal population of about 2,500.",bib5240,yes 1536-speaker_number-6,1536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1536-speakers-6,1536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1536-LEI-1,1536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1536-transmission-1,1536,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1536-vitality-1,1536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1536-LEI-1,1536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1536-transmission-1,1536,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1536-vitality-1,1536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1536-LEI-2,1536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1536-transmission-2,1536,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1536-vitality-2,1536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -1536-LEI-3,1536,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5773,no -1536-vitality-3,1536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5773,no -1536-LEI-4,1536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1536-vitality-4,1536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1536-LEI-5,1536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1536-transmission-5,1536,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -1536-vitality-5,1536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,yes +1536-LEI-3,1536,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5797,no +1536-vitality-3,1536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5797,no +1536-LEI-4,1536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1536-vitality-4,1536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1536-LEI-5,1536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1536-transmission-5,1536,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +1536-vitality-5,1536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,yes 1536-LEI-6,1536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1536-vitality-6,1536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1537-location-1,1537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.7608, -122.0354]]}",,,bib1709,no -1537-location-2,1537,location,"{""Places"": [""California""]}",,"Originally spoken in two major dialects or dialect clusters along the Sacramento River from Colusa south to the Delta and in the foothills of the Coast Range to the west. Descendants live on small rancherias at Cortina and Colusa, and on the Rumsey (Cache Creek) Rancheria west of Woodland.",bib5217,yes -1537-speaker_number-1,1537,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1537-speakers-1,1537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no -1537-speaker_number-2,1537,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly one speaker.,bib5217,yes -1537-speakers-2,1537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly one speaker.,bib5217,yes -1537-LEI-1,1537,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1537-vitality-1,1537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -1537-LEI-2,1537,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1537-vitality-2,1537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -1538-context-1,1538,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As of 2015, 82.7% of the population in Santa Catarina are Indigenous, but primarily speak Spanish. Although the language is currently used primarily in conversation among the elderly, many members of the community support language maintenance through a recent bilingual primary school, and the children want to learn Paipai (S\u00e1nchez, 2016). The community believes that the language can only be transmitted effectively by trained teachers.""}",,"Documentation work includes some descriptions, wordlists, a translated traditional narratives, a pedagogical book, and some audio-visual materials.",bib2998,yes -1538-location-1,1538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.65, -115.1333]]}",,,bib5307,no -1538-location-2,1538,location,"{""Places"": [""Now spoken primarily in Santa Catarina and San Isodoro near Ensenada in the Baja California region of Mexico.""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.6568061, -115.8281493]]}",,,bib2998,yes +1537-location-1,1537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.7608, -122.0354]]}",,,bib1721,no +1537-location-2,1537,location,"{""Places"": [""California""]}",,"Originally spoken in two major dialects or dialect clusters along the Sacramento River from Colusa south to the Delta and in the foothills of the Coast Range to the west. Descendants live on small rancherias at Cortina and Colusa, and on the Rumsey (Cache Creek) Rancheria west of Woodland.",bib5240,yes +1537-speaker_number-1,1537,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1537-speakers-1,1537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no +1537-speaker_number-2,1537,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly one speaker.,bib5240,yes +1537-speakers-2,1537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly one speaker.,bib5240,yes +1537-LEI-1,1537,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1537-vitality-1,1537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +1537-LEI-2,1537,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1537-vitality-2,1537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +1538-context-1,1538,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As of 2015, 82.7% of the population in Santa Catarina are Indigenous, but primarily speak Spanish. Although the language is currently used primarily in conversation among the elderly, many members of the community support language maintenance through a recent bilingual primary school, and the children want to learn Paipai (S\u00e1nchez, 2016). The community believes that the language can only be transmitted effectively by trained teachers.""}",,"Documentation work includes some descriptions, wordlists, a translated traditional narratives, a pedagogical book, and some audio-visual materials.",bib3012,yes +1538-location-1,1538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.65, -115.1333]]}",,,bib5330,no +1538-location-2,1538,location,"{""Places"": [""Now spoken primarily in Santa Catarina and San Isodoro near Ensenada in the Baja California region of Mexico.""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.6568061, -115.8281493]]}",,,bib3012,yes 1538-location-4,1538,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -1538-speaker_number-1,1538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1538-speakers-1,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""226"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1538-speaker_number-2,1538,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Between the years 2000-2015, the population of Santa Catarina dropped from 201 to 101 inhabitants due to economic hardship driving relocation.",bib2998,yes -1538-speakers-2,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 50 total; 25 in Santa Katarina as of 2010 (G\u00f3mez & Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez), and 49 as of 2015 (Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Between the years 2000-2015, the population of Santa Catarina dropped from 201 to 101 inhabitants due to economic hardship driving relocation.",bib2998,yes -1538-speaker_number-3,1538,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1538-speakers-3,1538,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most of them over 50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,no +1538-speaker_number-1,1538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1538-speakers-1,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""226"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1538-speaker_number-2,1538,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Between the years 2000-2015, the population of Santa Catarina dropped from 201 to 101 inhabitants due to economic hardship driving relocation.",bib3012,yes +1538-speakers-2,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 50 total; 25 in Santa Katarina as of 2010 (G\u00f3mez & Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez), and 49 as of 2015 (Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Between the years 2000-2015, the population of Santa Catarina dropped from 201 to 101 inhabitants due to economic hardship driving relocation.",bib3012,yes +1538-speaker_number-3,1538,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1538-speakers-3,1538,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Most of them over 50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,no 1538-speaker_number-4,1538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1538-speakers-4,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1538-speaker_number-5,1538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 (1990 census),bib67,no 1538-speakers-5,1538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 (1990 census),bib67,no -1538-LEI-1,1538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1538-vitality-1,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1538-LEI-2,1538,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,yes -1538-transmission-2,1538,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2998,yes -1538-domains_of_use-2,1538,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,yes -1538-speaker_number_trends-2,1538,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib2998,yes -1538-vitality-2,1538,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2998,yes -1538-LEI-3,1538,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1538-vitality-3,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +1538-LEI-1,1538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1538-vitality-1,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1538-LEI-2,1538,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3012,yes +1538-transmission-2,1538,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3012,yes +1538-domains_of_use-2,1538,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3012,yes +1538-speaker_number_trends-2,1538,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3012,yes +1538-vitality-2,1538,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3012,yes +1538-LEI-3,1538,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1538-vitality-3,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 1538-LEI-4,1538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1538-vitality-4,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1538-LEI-5,1538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1538-vitality-5,1538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1565-context-2,1565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Used by Spanish and Quechua speakers in the area,bib70,no -1565-context-3,1565,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual education program""}",,,bib1903,no -1565-location-1,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Comaina, Potro, Nieva, Cenepa, and Morona rivers, in the regions of Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart\u00edn and Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1565-context-3,1565,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual education program""}",,,bib1915,no +1565-location-1,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Comaina, Potro, Nieva, Cenepa, and Morona rivers, in the regions of Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart\u00edn and Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1565-location-2,1565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, -78.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1565-location-3,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas, Loreto, Cajamarca, and San Martin regions; upper west Mara\u00f1on River area; Potro, Mayo, and Cahuapanas rivers.""}",,"Amazonas, Loreto, Cajamarca, and San Martin regions; upper west Marañon River area; Potro, Mayo, and Cahuapanas rivers.",bib67,no 1565-location-4,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, and San Martin regions: upper west Marañon River area; Cahuapanas, Mayo, and Potro rivers.",bib70,no -1565-location-5,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n River basin in Amazonas, northern Peru.""}",,,bib5715,yes -1565-location-6,1565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -77.8271]]}",,,bib5307,no -1565-location-7,1565,location,"{""Description"": ""Peru, the high jungle in the northern part of the spurs of the Andes, mostly along the Mara\u00f1on River and its tributaries.""}",,,bib1903,no +1565-location-5,1565,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n River basin in Amazonas, northern Peru.""}",,,bib5739,yes +1565-location-6,1565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -77.8271]]}",,,bib5330,no +1565-location-7,1565,location,"{""Description"": ""Peru, the high jungle in the northern part of the spurs of the Andes, mostly along the Mara\u00f1on River and its tributaries.""}",,,bib1915,no 1565-speaker_number-1,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker numbers increasing.,bib67,no 1565-speakers-1,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker numbers increasing.,bib67,no 1565-speaker_number-2,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no 1565-speakers-2,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib70,no -1565-speaker_number-3,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5715,yes -1565-speakers-3,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5715,yes -1565-speaker_number-4,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1565-speakers-4,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1565-speaker_number-5,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1903,no -1565-speakers-5,1565,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1903,no +1565-speaker_number-3,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5739,yes +1565-speakers-3,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5739,yes +1565-speaker_number-4,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1565-speakers-4,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1565-speaker_number-5,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1915,no +1565-speakers-5,1565,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1915,no 1565-speaker_number-6,1565,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1565-speakers-6,1565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,290"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1565-LEI-1,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1565-vitality-1,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1565-LEI-2,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1565-vitality-2,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1565-LEI-3,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5715,yes -1565-vitality-3,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5715,yes -1565-LEI-4,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1565-vitality-4,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1565-LEI-5,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are learning the language.,bib1903,no -1565-transmission-5,1565,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children are learning the language.,bib1903,no -1565-vitality-5,1565,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Most children are learning the language.,bib1903,no +1565-LEI-3,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5739,yes +1565-vitality-3,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5739,yes +1565-LEI-4,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1565-vitality-4,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1565-LEI-5,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are learning the language.,bib1915,no +1565-transmission-5,1565,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children are learning the language.,bib1915,no +1565-vitality-5,1565,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Most children are learning the language.,bib1915,no 1565-LEI-6,1565,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1565-vitality-6,1565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1566-context-1,1566,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib8183,yes -1566-location-1,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Terra indígena Rio Guaporé (município de Guajará-Mirim, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil) and Rolim de Moura do Guaporé (município de Alta Floresta d’Oeste, also in Rondônia).",bib8183,yes +1566-context-1,1566,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib8208,yes +1566-location-1,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Terra indígena Rio Guaporé (município de Guajará-Mirim, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil) and Rolim de Moura do Guaporé (município de Alta Floresta d’Oeste, also in Rondônia).",bib8208,yes 1566-location-2,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia, Pororoca Post, Guapore River""}",,"Rondônia, Pororoca Post, Guapore River.",bib67,no 1566-location-3,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia state: Pororoca post, Guapore River.",bib70,no -1566-location-4,1566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0178, -64.7534]]}",,,bib5307,no -1566-location-5,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,,bib1902,no +1566-location-4,1566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0178, -64.7534]]}",,,bib5330,no +1566-location-5,1566,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,,bib1914,no 1566-speaker_number-1,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"A língua Wayoro não mais é falada diariamente. Apenas cinco pessoas idosas dominam completamente a língua (falantes nativos) e não há criança ou adolescente que tenha aprendido a língua, recentemente. (p.17) -[The Wayoro language is no longer spoken daily. Only 5 elderly are fully proficient in the language (native speakers) and no child or adolescent who has learned the language recently.].",bib8183,yes +[The Wayoro language is no longer spoken daily. Only 5 elderly are fully proficient in the language (native speakers) and no child or adolescent who has learned the language recently.].",bib8208,yes 1566-speakers-1,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""215"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"A língua Wayoro não mais é falada diariamente. Apenas cinco pessoas idosas dominam completamente a língua (falantes nativos) e não há criança ou adolescente que tenha aprendido a língua, recentemente. (p.17) -[The Wayoro language is no longer spoken daily. Only 5 elderly are fully proficient in the language (native speakers) and no child or adolescent who has learned the language recently.].",bib8183,yes +[The Wayoro language is no longer spoken daily. Only 5 elderly are fully proficient in the language (native speakers) and no child or adolescent who has learned the language recently.].",bib8208,yes 1566-speaker_number-2,1566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (2000 SIL),bib67,no 1566-speakers-2,1566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (2000 SIL),bib67,no 1566-speaker_number-3,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 1566-speakers-3,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""77"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -1566-speaker_number-4,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,8 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 77 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib5307,no -1566-speakers-4,1566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,8 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 77 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib5307,no -1566-speaker_number-5,1566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -1566-speakers-5,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""77"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +1566-speaker_number-4,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,8 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 77 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib5330,no +1566-speakers-4,1566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,8 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 77 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib5330,no +1566-speaker_number-5,1566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +1566-speakers-5,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""77"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 1566-speaker_number-6,1566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1566-speakers-6,1566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1566-speaker_number-7,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1566-speakers-7,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -1566-LEI-1,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8183,yes -1566-transmission-1,1566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8183,yes -1566-speaker_number_trends-1,1566,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8183,yes -1566-vitality-1,1566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8183,yes +1566-speaker_number-7,1566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1566-speakers-7,1566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +1566-LEI-1,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8208,yes +1566-transmission-1,1566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8208,yes +1566-speaker_number_trends-1,1566,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8208,yes +1566-vitality-1,1566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8208,yes 1566-LEI-2,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1566-transmission-2,1566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1566-speaker_number_trends-2,1566,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no @@ -11118,65 +11180,65 @@ Alberta, along with a small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib52 1566-transmission-3,1566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1566-speaker_number_trends-3,1566,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1566-vitality-3,1566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1566-LEI-4,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1566-vitality-4,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1566-LEI-5,1566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1566-vitality-5,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1566-LEI-4,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1566-vitality-4,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1566-LEI-5,1566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1566-vitality-5,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1566-LEI-6,1566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1566-vitality-6,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1566-LEI-7,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1566-vitality-7,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1567-location-1,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Rio Omer\u00ea""}",,,bib525,no -1567-location-2,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State \nnear Rio Omer\u00ea""]}",,,bib524,no -1567-location-3,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""near the Omer\u00ea River"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.9, -63.6]]}",,,bib526,no -1567-location-4,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -1567-speaker_number-1,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1567-speakers-1,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no -1567-speaker_number-2,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Akuntsú people are survivors of a genocide promoted by the colonizers and settlers of the Southeastern region of Rondônia during the last three decades of the 20th century. They were first contacted by the National Foundation of Indians of Brazil (FUNAI) only in 1995,bib525,no -1567-speakers-2,1567,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Young Adults"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,The Akuntsú people are survivors of a genocide promoted by the colonizers and settlers of the Southeastern region of Rondônia during the last three decades of the 20th century. They were first contacted by the National Foundation of Indians of Brazil (FUNAI) only in 1995,bib525,no -1567-speaker_number-3,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Speaker count updated to 4 in 2017 to reflect the passing of Konibu in 2016.),bib524,no -1567-speakers-3,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Speaker count updated to 4 in 2017 to reflect the passing of Konibu in 2016.),bib524,no -1567-speaker_number-4,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib527,yes -1567-speakers-4,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib527,yes -1567-speaker_number-5,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib526,no -1567-speakers-5,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib526,no -1567-speaker_number-6,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1567-speakers-6,1567,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -1567-LEI-1,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1567-vitality-1,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1567-LEI-2,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib525,no -1567-vitality-2,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib525,no -1567-LEI-3,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib524,no -1567-transmission-3,1567,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib524,no -1567-speaker_number_trends-3,1567,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib524,no -1567-vitality-3,1567,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib524,no -1567-LEI-4,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib527,yes -1567-vitality-4,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib527,yes -1567-LEI-5,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib526,no -1567-vitality-5,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib526,no -1567-LEI-6,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1567-vitality-6,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1568-location-1,1568,location,"{""Places"": [""Villages of Tepu, Kwamalasamutu, Palumeu in Suriname""]}",,,bib1903,yes -1568-location-2,1568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8442, -55.7556]]}",,,bib5307,no +1566-LEI-7,1566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1566-vitality-7,1566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1567-location-1,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Rio Omer\u00ea""}",,,bib528,no +1567-location-2,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State \nnear Rio Omer\u00ea""]}",,,bib527,no +1567-location-3,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""near the Omer\u00ea River"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.9, -63.6]]}",,,bib529,no +1567-location-4,1567,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +1567-speaker_number-1,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1567-speakers-1,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no +1567-speaker_number-2,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Akuntsú people are survivors of a genocide promoted by the colonizers and settlers of the Southeastern region of Rondônia during the last three decades of the 20th century. They were first contacted by the National Foundation of Indians of Brazil (FUNAI) only in 1995,bib528,no +1567-speakers-2,1567,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Young Adults"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,The Akuntsú people are survivors of a genocide promoted by the colonizers and settlers of the Southeastern region of Rondônia during the last three decades of the 20th century. They were first contacted by the National Foundation of Indians of Brazil (FUNAI) only in 1995,bib528,no +1567-speaker_number-3,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Speaker count updated to 4 in 2017 to reflect the passing of Konibu in 2016.),bib527,no +1567-speakers-3,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Speaker count updated to 4 in 2017 to reflect the passing of Konibu in 2016.),bib527,no +1567-speaker_number-4,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib530,yes +1567-speakers-4,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib530,yes +1567-speaker_number-5,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib529,no +1567-speakers-5,1567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib529,no +1567-speaker_number-6,1567,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1567-speakers-6,1567,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +1567-LEI-1,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1567-vitality-1,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1567-LEI-2,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib528,no +1567-vitality-2,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib528,no +1567-LEI-3,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib527,no +1567-transmission-3,1567,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib527,no +1567-speaker_number_trends-3,1567,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib527,no +1567-vitality-3,1567,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib527,no +1567-LEI-4,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib530,yes +1567-vitality-4,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib530,yes +1567-LEI-5,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib529,no +1567-vitality-5,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib529,no +1567-LEI-6,1567,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1567-vitality-6,1567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1568-location-1,1568,location,"{""Places"": [""Villages of Tepu, Kwamalasamutu, Palumeu in Suriname""]}",,,bib1915,yes +1568-location-2,1568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8442, -55.7556]]}",,,bib5330,no 1568-location-3,1568,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname""], ""Description"": ""South and southwest areas, on Tapanahoni and Sipaliwini rivers, in Trio villages T\u00ebpu and Kwamalasamutu, and in Palumeu.""}",,"South and southwest areas, on Tapanahoni and Sipaliwini rivers, in Trio villages Tëpu and Kwamalasamutu, and in Palumeu.",bib67,no 1568-speaker_number-1,1568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1568-speakers-1,1568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1568-speaker_number-2,1568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,yes -1568-speakers-2,1568,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,yes +1568-speaker_number-2,1568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,yes +1568-speakers-2,1568,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,yes 1568-speaker_number-3,1568,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data comes from E. Carlin (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1568-speakers-3,1568,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data comes from E. Carlin (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1568-LEI-1,1568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1568-vitality-1,1568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1568-LEI-2,1568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -1568-vitality-2,1568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +1568-LEI-2,1568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +1568-vitality-2,1568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 1568-LEI-3,1568,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1568-vitality-3,1568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1570-location-1,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""To the east of the town of Mocajuba. West of the Moju river along a tributary."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.592, -49.483]]}",,"Para, Cairari River, tributary of Moju River.",bib67,no 1570-location-2,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Pará state; Cairari River (Moju River tributary),bib70,no -1570-location-3,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib6334,yes -1570-location-4,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +1570-location-3,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib6358,yes +1570-location-4,1570,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 1570-speaker_number-1,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991). Data for ethnic population from ISA (2000). 6 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 130 (2000 ISA) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -11185,1060 +11247,1060 @@ Alberta, along with a small number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib52 6 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 130 (2000 ISA) (2013).",bib67,no 1570-speaker_number-2,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 1570-speakers-2,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -1570-speaker_number-3,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1570-speakers-3,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1570-speakers-4,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib6334,yes +1570-speaker_number-3,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1570-speakers-3,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1570-speakers-4,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib6358,yes 1570-speaker_number-5,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1570-speakers-5,1570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1570-speaker_number-6,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1570-speakers-6,1570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""132"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +1570-speaker_number-6,1570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1570-speakers-6,1570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""132"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 1570-LEI-1,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1570-vitality-1,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1570-LEI-2,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1570-transmission-2,1570,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1570-speaker_number_trends-2,1570,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1570-vitality-2,1570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1570-LEI-3,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1570-vitality-3,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1570-LEI-4,1570,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6334,yes -1570-vitality-4,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6334,yes +1570-LEI-3,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1570-vitality-3,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1570-LEI-4,1570,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6358,yes +1570-vitality-4,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6358,yes 1570-LEI-5,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1570-vitality-5,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1570-LEI-6,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1570-vitality-6,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1571-context-1,1571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quechua""}",,,bib2307,no -1571-location-1,1571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6796, -76.2011]]}",,,bib5307,no -1571-location-2,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Kapawari community.,bib3177,yes -1571-location-3,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib2307,no -1571-location-4,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Loreto, Province of Alto Amazonas, Pastaza District, Santo Tomas de Andoa, near the border with Ecuador, on the Pastaza River""}",,,bib1903,no +1570-LEI-6,1570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1570-vitality-6,1570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1571-context-1,1571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quechua""}",,,bib2320,no +1571-location-1,1571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6796, -76.2011]]}",,,bib5330,no +1571-location-2,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Kapawari community.,bib3192,yes +1571-location-3,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib2320,no +1571-location-4,1571,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Loreto, Province of Alto Amazonas, Pastaza District, Santo Tomas de Andoa, near the border with Ecuador, on the Pastaza River""}",,,bib1915,no 1571-speakers-1,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"""No remaining speakers"". ""Last known speaker died in 1993"".",bib68,no -1571-speaker_number-2,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1571-speakers-2,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +1571-speaker_number-2,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1571-speakers-2,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 1571-speakers-3,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012""}",,"desde el año 2012 el andwa es una lengua extinta, luego del deceso de quien fuera su último hablante 106 en la comunidad de Kapawari, donde se encontró a quien fue el ultimo hablante de la lengua, Hipólito Arahuanaza (†), de 90 años de edad al momento ... (p.110). -[since 2012 Andwa has been an extinct language, after the death of its last speaker who (p.10). in the community of Kapawari where he who was the last speaker of the language was found, Hipólito Arahuanaza (†), 90 years of age at the time (p.110).]",bib3177,yes -1571-speaker_number-4,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,únicamente tres ancianos que hablan el idioma andoa (kandwash) (p.15).,bib2307,no -1571-speakers-4,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,únicamente tres ancianos que hablan el idioma andoa (kandwash) (p.15).,bib2307,no -1571-speaker_number-5,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The language is possibly extinct with five speakers reported by SIL in 1975 out of an ethnic group of 150 in the 1950s.,bib1903,no -1571-speakers-5,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The language is possibly extinct with five speakers reported by SIL in 1975 out of an ethnic group of 150 in the 1950s.,bib1903,no +[since 2012 Andwa has been an extinct language, after the death of its last speaker who (p.10). in the community of Kapawari where he who was the last speaker of the language was found, Hipólito Arahuanaza (†), 90 years of age at the time (p.110).]",bib3192,yes +1571-speaker_number-4,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,únicamente tres ancianos que hablan el idioma andoa (kandwash) (p.15).,bib2320,no +1571-speakers-4,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,únicamente tres ancianos que hablan el idioma andoa (kandwash) (p.15).,bib2320,no +1571-speaker_number-5,1571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The language is possibly extinct with five speakers reported by SIL in 1975 out of an ethnic group of 150 in the 1950s.,bib1915,no +1571-speakers-5,1571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The language is possibly extinct with five speakers reported by SIL in 1975 out of an ethnic group of 150 in the 1950s.,bib1915,no 1571-LEI-1,1571,LEI,Dormant (),,Shifted to Pastaza Quichua [qvz]. Some also use Spanish [spa].,bib68,no 1571-vitality-1,1571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Shifted to Pastaza Quichua [qvz]. Some also use Spanish [spa].,bib68,no -1571-LEI-2,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1571-transmission-2,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5307,no -1571-speaker_number_trends-2,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5307,no -1571-vitality-2,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5307,no -1571-LEI-3,1571,LEI,Dormant (),,"The last speaker, Hipólito Arahuanaza, died in 2012.",bib3177,yes -1571-vitality-3,1571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"The last speaker, Hipólito Arahuanaza, died in 2012.",bib3177,yes -1571-LEI-4,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2307,no -1571-transmission-4,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2307,no -1571-speaker_number_trends-4,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2307,no -1571-vitality-4,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2307,no -1571-LEI-5,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1571-transmission-5,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -1571-speaker_number_trends-5,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -1571-vitality-5,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,no -1572-context-1,1572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed paraguayo, Spanish""}",,,bib2545,yes +1571-LEI-2,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1571-transmission-2,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5330,no +1571-speaker_number_trends-2,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5330,no +1571-vitality-2,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5330,no +1571-LEI-3,1571,LEI,Dormant (),,"The last speaker, Hipólito Arahuanaza, died in 2012.",bib3192,yes +1571-vitality-3,1571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"The last speaker, Hipólito Arahuanaza, died in 2012.",bib3192,yes +1571-LEI-4,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2320,no +1571-transmission-4,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2320,no +1571-speaker_number_trends-4,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2320,no +1571-vitality-4,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2320,no +1571-LEI-5,1571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1571-transmission-5,1571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +1571-speaker_number_trends-5,1571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +1571-vitality-5,1571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,no +1572-context-1,1572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed paraguayo, Spanish""}",,,bib2558,yes 1572-location-1,1572,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Presidente Hayes Department, La Patria.""}",,,bib68,no -1572-location-2,1572,location,"{""Places"": [""Departamento Boquer\u00f3n, Depto. Presidente Hayes, Depto. Concepci\u00f3n, Depto. Alto Paraguay""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.937968, -59.958687], [-22.646335, -57.841694], [-25.448857, -57.361093], [-22.489086, -57.838408], [-22.128908, -57.945042]]}",,,bib2545,yes +1572-location-2,1572,location,"{""Places"": [""Departamento Boquer\u00f3n, Depto. Presidente Hayes, Depto. Concepci\u00f3n, Depto. Alto Paraguay""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.937968, -59.958687], [-22.646335, -57.841694], [-25.448857, -57.361093], [-22.489086, -57.838408], [-22.128908, -57.945042]]}",,,bib2558,yes 1572-speaker_number-1,1572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,030 speakers. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1572-speakers-1,1572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3690"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,030 speakers. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no -1572-speaker_number-2,1572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Based on 2002 Census,bib2545,yes -1572-speakers-2,1572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,694"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Based on 2002 Census,bib2545,yes -1572-speaker_number-3,1572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1572-speakers-3,1572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1650"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1572-speaker_number-2,1572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Based on 2002 Census,bib2558,yes +1572-speakers-2,1572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,694"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Based on 2002 Census,bib2558,yes +1572-speaker_number-3,1572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1572-speakers-3,1572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1650"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1572-LEI-1,1572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1572-vitality-1,1572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1572-LEI-2,1572,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Muchos angaité ya han abandonado su idioma ancestral, y hablan, por lo menos desde la dé- -cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2545,yes +cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2558,yes 1572-transmission-2,1572,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Muchos angaité ya han abandonado su idioma ancestral, y hablan, por lo menos desde la dé- -cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2545,yes +cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2558,yes 1572-domains_of_use-2,1572,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Muchos angaité ya han abandonado su idioma ancestral, y hablan, por lo menos desde la dé- -cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2545,yes +cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2558,yes 1572-speaker_number_trends-2,1572,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Muchos angaité ya han abandonado su idioma ancestral, y hablan, por lo menos desde la dé- -cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2545,yes +cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2558,yes 1572-vitality-2,1572,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Muchos angaité ya han abandonado su idioma ancestral, y hablan, por lo menos desde la dé- -cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2545,yes -1572-LEI-3,1572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1572-vitality-3,1572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1573-context-1,1573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib8298,yes -1573-context-2,1573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Guajiro""}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no +cada del 1970, una variedad del guaraní paraguayo.",bib2558,yes +1572-LEI-3,1572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1572-vitality-3,1572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1573-context-1,1573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib8323,yes +1573-context-2,1573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Guajiro""}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no 1573-location-1,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Zulia State, Lake Maracaibo, near Guajiro.""}",,"Zulia State, Lake Maracaibo, near Guajiro.",bib67,no 1573-location-2,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"Zulia state: Lake Maracaibo, near Guajiro.",bib70,no -1573-location-3,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"State of Zulia, West coast of Lake Maracaibo and nearby islands.",bib8298,yes -1573-location-4,1573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.022, -71.7352]]}",,,bib5307,no -1573-location-5,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Zulia State, between Maracaibo and the La Guajira Peninsula""]}",,,bib1903,no -1573-location-6,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no +1573-location-3,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"State of Zulia, West coast of Lake Maracaibo and nearby islands.",bib8323,yes +1573-location-4,1573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.022, -71.7352]]}",,,bib5330,no +1573-location-5,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Zulia State, between Maracaibo and the La Guajira Peninsula""]}",,,bib1915,no +1573-location-6,1573,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no 1573-speakers-1,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,306"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Gaceta Indigenista (1975).,bib67,no 1573-speaker_number-2,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 1573-speakers-2,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 1573-speaker_number-3,1573,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Aunque actualmente existen 20.000 persons de esta etnia, el añú ha cesado la transmission inter-generacional y, al paraecer, solo la recuerdan contadísimas personas de edad muy avanzada y es de presumir que, incluso estas personas, conozcan la lengua de modo muy fragmentario. La única excepción parece ser Jofris Márquez … que la aprendió de su finada abuela. (p.130.) -[Although there are currently 20,000 persons of this ethnic group, Añú has ceased inter-generational transmission and, it seems, only a few persons people of advanced age remember it and it is to be presumed that even these people know the language very fragmentarily. The only exception appears to be Jofris Marquez ... who learned it from his late grandmother. (p.130.)]",bib8298,yes +[Although there are currently 20,000 persons of this ethnic group, Añú has ceased inter-generational transmission and, it seems, only a few persons people of advanced age remember it and it is to be presumed that even these people know the language very fragmentarily. The only exception appears to be Jofris Marquez ... who learned it from his late grandmother. (p.130.)]",bib8323,yes 1573-speakers-3,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Aunque actualmente existen 20.000 persons de esta etnia, el añú ha cesado la transmission inter-generacional y, al paraecer, solo la recuerdan contadísimas personas de edad muy avanzada y es de presumir que, incluso estas personas, conozcan la lengua de modo muy fragmentario. La única excepción parece ser Jofris Márquez … que la aprendió de su finada abuela. (p.130.) -[Although there are currently 20,000 persons of this ethnic group, Añú has ceased inter-generational transmission and, it seems, only a few persons people of advanced age remember it and it is to be presumed that even these people know the language very fragmentarily. The only exception appears to be Jofris Marquez ... who learned it from his late grandmother. (p.130.)]",bib8298,yes -1573-speaker_number-4,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1573-speakers-4,1573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1573-speaker_number-5,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -1573-speakers-5,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,440"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no -1573-speaker_number-6,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no -1573-speakers-6,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,205"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no +[Although there are currently 20,000 persons of this ethnic group, Añú has ceased inter-generational transmission and, it seems, only a few persons people of advanced age remember it and it is to be presumed that even these people know the language very fragmentarily. The only exception appears to be Jofris Marquez ... who learned it from his late grandmother. (p.130.)]",bib8323,yes +1573-speaker_number-4,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1573-speakers-4,1573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1573-speaker_number-5,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +1573-speakers-5,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,440"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no +1573-speaker_number-6,1573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no +1573-speakers-6,1573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,205"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no 1573-LEI-1,1573,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 1573-vitality-1,1573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 1573-LEI-2,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1573-transmission-2,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1573-speaker_number_trends-2,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1573-vitality-2,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1573-LEI-3,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8298,yes -1573-transmission-3,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8298,yes -1573-speaker_number_trends-3,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8298,yes -1573-vitality-3,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8298,yes -1573-LEI-4,1573,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1573-vitality-4,1573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1573-LEI-5,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1573-transmission-5,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -1573-speaker_number_trends-5,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -1573-vitality-5,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,no -1573-LEI-6,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no -1573-transmission-6,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no -1573-speaker_number_trends-6,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no -1573-vitality-6,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1902,no -1574-location-1,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.606694, -67.909347]]}",,,bib7945,no -1574-location-2,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Apolobamba, La Paz Province.""}",,,bib5805,no -1574-location-3,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1454,yes -1574-location-4,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of La Paz, Province of Bautista Saavedra""}",,,bib1903,no -1574-speakers-1,1574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,5 known speakers in 1975; likely Dormant.,bib1454,yes -1574-speakers-2,1574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1903,no -1574-LEI-2,1574,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1454,yes -1574-vitality-2,1574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1454,yes -1574-LEI-3,1574,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1903,no -1574-vitality-3,1574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1903,no -1575-location-1,1575,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Western Nagaland State, Kohim District, Manipur""}",,,bib8246,yes -1575-location-2,1575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.8691, 94.7131]]}",,,bib5307,no +1573-LEI-3,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8323,yes +1573-transmission-3,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8323,yes +1573-speaker_number_trends-3,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8323,yes +1573-vitality-3,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only 1 speaker (2009).,bib8323,yes +1573-LEI-4,1573,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1573-vitality-4,1573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1573-LEI-5,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1573-transmission-5,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +1573-speaker_number_trends-5,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +1573-vitality-5,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,no +1573-LEI-6,1573,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no +1573-transmission-6,1573,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no +1573-speaker_number_trends-6,1573,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no +1573-vitality-6,1573,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Moribund with only approximately 20 speakers left, most of whom speak Spanish and Guajiro as well.",bib1914,no +1574-location-1,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.606694, -67.909347]]}",,,bib7970,no +1574-location-2,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Apolobamba, La Paz Province.""}",,,bib5829,no +1574-location-3,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1466,yes +1574-location-4,1574,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of La Paz, Province of Bautista Saavedra""}",,,bib1915,no +1574-speakers-1,1574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,5 known speakers in 1975; likely Dormant.,bib1466,yes +1574-speakers-2,1574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1915,no +1574-LEI-2,1574,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1466,yes +1574-vitality-2,1574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1466,yes +1574-LEI-3,1574,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1915,no +1574-vitality-3,1574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1915,no +1575-location-1,1575,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Western Nagaland State, Kohim District, Manipur""}",,,bib8271,yes +1575-location-2,1575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.8691, 94.7131]]}",,,bib5330,no 1575-location-3,1575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6666666667, 94.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1575-location-4,1575,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1575-speaker_number-1,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -1575-speakers-1,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Up to 20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1575-speaker_number-2,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1575-speakers-2,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1575-speaker_number-1,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +1575-speakers-1,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Up to 20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1575-speaker_number-2,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1575-speakers-2,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1575-speaker_number-3,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1575-speakers-3,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1575-speaker_number-4,1575,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1575-speakers-4,1575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1575-LEI-1,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1575-vitality-1,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1575-LEI-2,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1575-vitality-2,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1575-LEI-1,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1575-vitality-1,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1575-LEI-2,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1575-vitality-2,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1575-LEI-3,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1575-vitality-3,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1575-LEI-4,1575,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1575-vitality-4,1575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1577-location-1,1577,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, headwaters of Siyang river near Tibetan border."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.010278, 94.901944]]}",,,bib8246,no -1577-location-2,1577,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Northernmost headwaters of the Siang river near the Tibetan border, beginning from the village of Ramsing in the south and extending up as far as Tuting village in the north. Pango and Bomdo are the most numerous Ashing settlements.""}",,,bib8242,yes -1577-speaker_number-1,1577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nothing is known about it except its name.,bib8246,no -1577-speakers-1,1577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nothing is known about it except its name.,bib8246,no -1577-speaker_number-2,1577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nothing is known about the Ashing language except its name.,bib8242,yes -1577-speakers-2,1577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nothing is known about the Ashing language except its name.,bib8242,yes -1577-LEI-1,1577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -1577-vitality-1,1577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -1577-LEI-2,1577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Completely undocumented.,bib8242,yes -1577-vitality-2,1577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Completely undocumented.,bib8242,yes -1578-location-1,1578,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -1578-location-2,1578,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2052,no +1577-location-1,1577,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, headwaters of Siyang river near Tibetan border."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.010278, 94.901944]]}",,,bib8271,no +1577-location-2,1577,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Northernmost headwaters of the Siang river near the Tibetan border, beginning from the village of Ramsing in the south and extending up as far as Tuting village in the north. Pango and Bomdo are the most numerous Ashing settlements.""}",,,bib8267,yes +1577-speaker_number-1,1577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nothing is known about it except its name.,bib8271,no +1577-speakers-1,1577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nothing is known about it except its name.,bib8271,no +1577-speaker_number-2,1577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nothing is known about the Ashing language except its name.,bib8267,yes +1577-speakers-2,1577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nothing is known about the Ashing language except its name.,bib8267,yes +1577-LEI-1,1577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +1577-vitality-1,1577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +1577-LEI-2,1577,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Completely undocumented.,bib8267,yes +1577-vitality-2,1577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Completely undocumented.,bib8267,yes +1578-location-1,1578,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +1578-location-2,1578,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2065,no 1578-location-3,1578,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib67,no -1578-location-4,1578,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar province""}",,,bib8246,yes -1578-location-5,1578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9973, 71.0746]]}",,,bib5307,no +1578-location-4,1578,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kunar province""}",,,bib8271,yes +1578-location-5,1578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9973, 71.0746]]}",,,bib5330,no 1578-speaker_number-1,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1578-speakers-1,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1578-speaker_number-2,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -1578-speakers-2,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1578-speaker_number-3,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1578-speakers-3,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1578-speaker_number-2,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +1578-speakers-2,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1578-speaker_number-3,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1578-speakers-3,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1578-speaker_number-4,1578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1578-speakers-4,1578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1578-LEI-1,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1578-vitality-1,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1578-LEI-2,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1578-vitality-2,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1578-LEI-3,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1578-vitality-3,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1578-LEI-2,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1578-vitality-2,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1578-LEI-3,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1578-vitality-3,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1578-LEI-4,1578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1578-vitality-4,1578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1579-location-1,1579,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Bihar state, Netarhat Plateau, Palamu, Ranci and Gumla districts""}",,,bib8246,yes -1579-location-2,1579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.4719, 84.9023]]}",,,bib5307,no +1579-location-1,1579,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Bihar state, Netarhat Plateau, Palamu, Ranci and Gumla districts""}",,,bib8271,yes +1579-location-2,1579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.4719, 84.9023]]}",,,bib5330,no 1579-location-3,1579,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1579-speaker_number-1,1579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"A dialect continuum with a total of about 7,000 speakers",bib8246,yes -1579-speakers-1,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"A dialect continuum with a total of about 7,000 speakers",bib8246,yes -1579-speaker_number-2,1579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1579-speakers-2,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1579-speaker_number-1,1579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"A dialect continuum with a total of about 7,000 speakers",bib8271,yes +1579-speakers-1,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"A dialect continuum with a total of about 7,000 speakers",bib8271,yes +1579-speaker_number-2,1579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1579-speakers-2,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1579-speaker_number-3,1579,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1579-speakers-3,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,596"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1579-speaker_number-4,1579,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1579-speakers-4,1579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1579-LEI-1,1579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1579-vitality-1,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1579-LEI-2,1579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1579-vitality-2,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1579-LEI-1,1579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1579-vitality-1,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1579-LEI-2,1579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1579-vitality-2,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1579-LEI-4,1579,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1579-vitality-4,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1579-LEI-5,1579,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1579-vitality-5,1579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1580-context-1,1580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"'... Belhare discourse is rife with code-switching, borrowings, and stylistic calques.'",bib918,no +1580-context-1,1580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"'... Belhare discourse is rife with code-switching, borrowings, and stylistic calques.'",bib922,no 1580-location-1,1580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9666666667, 87.3]]}",,,bib216,no 1580-location-2,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1580-location-3,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dhankuta district""}",,,bib8246,yes -1580-location-4,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""Belhara (Belah\u0101r\u0101) hill, southern foothills of the Himalayas""], ""Description"": ""Ko\u015b\u012b zone, Dhanku\u1e6d\u0101 district, Eastern Nepal; c. 1150 m. altitude"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.95, 87.3]]}",,,bib918,no -1580-location-5,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""]}",,,bib919,no +1580-location-3,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dhankuta district""}",,,bib8271,yes +1580-location-4,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""Belhara (Belah\u0101r\u0101) hill, southern foothills of the Himalayas""], ""Description"": ""Ko\u015b\u012b zone, Dhanku\u1e6d\u0101 district, Eastern Nepal; c. 1150 m. altitude"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.95, 87.3]]}",,,bib922,no +1580-location-5,1580,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""]}",,,bib923,no 1580-speaker_number-1,1580,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Ebert (1995). The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1580-speakers-1,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Ebert (1995). The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1580-speaker_number-2,1580,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A continuum of dialects rather than a single language, and Belhare is one of these varieties.",bib8246,yes -1580-speakers-2,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""small number of speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A continuum of dialects rather than a single language, and Belhare is one of these varieties.",bib8246,yes -1580-speaker_number-3,1580,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib918,no -1580-speakers-3,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib918,no -1580-speaker_number-4,1580,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib919,no -1580-speakers-4,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib919,no +1580-speaker_number-2,1580,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A continuum of dialects rather than a single language, and Belhare is one of these varieties.",bib8271,yes +1580-speakers-2,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""small number of speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A continuum of dialects rather than a single language, and Belhare is one of these varieties.",bib8271,yes +1580-speaker_number-3,1580,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib922,no +1580-speakers-3,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib922,no +1580-speaker_number-4,1580,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib923,no +1580-speakers-4,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib923,no 1580-speaker_number-5,1580,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1580-speakers-5,1580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1580-LEI-1,1580,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1580-vitality-1,1580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1580-LEI-2,1580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8246,yes -1580-speaker_number_trends-2,1580,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8246,yes -1580-vitality-2,1580,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8246,yes -1580-LEI-3,1580,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib918,no -1580-transmission-3,1580,transmission,0,transmission-0,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib918,no -1580-vitality-3,1580,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib918,no -1580-LEI-4,1580,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib919,no -1580-vitality-4,1580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib919,no +1580-LEI-2,1580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8271,yes +1580-speaker_number_trends-2,1580,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8271,yes +1580-vitality-2,1580,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Number of speakers small and fast declining for all dialects.,bib8271,yes +1580-LEI-3,1580,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib922,no +1580-transmission-3,1580,transmission,0,transmission-0,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib922,no +1580-vitality-3,1580,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"'... language maintenance is relatively high, and most children still learn Belhare as their first language.'",bib922,no +1580-LEI-4,1580,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib923,no +1580-vitality-4,1580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib923,no 1580-LEI-5,1580,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1580-vitality-5,1580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1581-context-1,1581,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, Farm, Marketplace, Education, Council Meetings""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pidgin, English, Ngwo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Little"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"On one hand... the Atong language has a good chance of remaining an integral part of society. On the other hand, there may be difficulty finding potential personnel in the community to carry out a language project.",bib625,yes -1581-location-1,1581,location,"{""Places"": [""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.044967, 9.748787]]}",,,bib625,yes -1581-speaker_number-1,1581,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people of Atong refer to themselves and their language as 'Etoh.' Members of communities in surrounding language groups also call them by the name 'Etoh.' There is, however, one village among this group called Atong, which might explain why the first researchers chose the name Atong.",bib625,yes -1581-speakers-1,1581,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people of Atong refer to themselves and their language as 'Etoh.' Members of communities in surrounding language groups also call them by the name 'Etoh.' There is, however, one village among this group called Atong, which might explain why the first researchers chose the name Atong.",bib625,yes +1581-context-1,1581,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, Farm, Marketplace, Education, Council Meetings""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pidgin, English, Ngwo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Little"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"On one hand... the Atong language has a good chance of remaining an integral part of society. On the other hand, there may be difficulty finding potential personnel in the community to carry out a language project.",bib628,yes +1581-location-1,1581,location,"{""Places"": [""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.044967, 9.748787]]}",,,bib628,yes +1581-speaker_number-1,1581,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people of Atong refer to themselves and their language as 'Etoh.' Members of communities in surrounding language groups also call them by the name 'Etoh.' There is, however, one village among this group called Atong, which might explain why the first researchers chose the name Atong.",bib628,yes +1581-speakers-1,1581,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people of Atong refer to themselves and their language as 'Etoh.' Members of communities in surrounding language groups also call them by the name 'Etoh.' There is, however, one village among this group called Atong, which might explain why the first researchers chose the name Atong.",bib628,yes 1581-speaker_number-2,1581,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1581-speakers-2,1581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1581-LEI-1,1581,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib625,yes -1581-transmission-1,1581,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib625,yes -1581-domains_of_use-1,1581,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib625,yes -1581-speaker_number_trends-1,1581,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib625,yes -1581-vitality-1,1581,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib625,yes +1581-LEI-1,1581,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib628,yes +1581-transmission-1,1581,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib628,yes +1581-domains_of_use-1,1581,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib628,yes +1581-speaker_number_trends-1,1581,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib628,yes +1581-vitality-1,1581,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib628,yes 1581-LEI-2,1581,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1581-vitality-2,1581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1582-context-1,1582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib8246,no -1582-context-2,1582,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, religion, trade, communication with strangers and non-Atongs""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""The Atongs have a rather negative image of their own language and are not comfortable speaking in front of strangers and non-Atong speakers...\"" (pg. 17)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all Atong speakers are bilingual in Garo from an early age.""}",,,bib8233,yes -1582-location-1,1582,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Meghalaya state, southeastern Garo hills""}",,,bib8246,no -1582-location-2,1582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 91.1755]]}",,,bib5307,no -1582-location-3,1582,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the stream area of the Symsang river in the south Garo Hills District of Meghalaya in Northeast India, in adjacent areas in the West Khasi Hills, and reportedly in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh as well.""}",,,bib8233,yes +1582-context-1,1582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib8271,no +1582-context-2,1582,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, religion, trade, communication with strangers and non-Atongs""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""The Atongs have a rather negative image of their own language and are not comfortable speaking in front of strangers and non-Atong speakers...\"" (pg. 17)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all Atong speakers are bilingual in Garo from an early age.""}",,,bib8258,yes +1582-location-1,1582,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Meghalaya state, southeastern Garo hills""}",,,bib8271,no +1582-location-2,1582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 91.1755]]}",,,bib5330,no +1582-location-3,1582,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the stream area of the Symsang river in the south Garo Hills District of Meghalaya in Northeast India, in adjacent areas in the West Khasi Hills, and reportedly in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh as well.""}",,,bib8258,yes 1582-location-4,1582,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1582-speaker_number-1,1582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Several thousand speakers,bib8246,no -1582-speakers-1,1582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Several thousand speakers,bib8246,no -1582-speakers-2,1582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"""Even after more than twelve months of fieldwork in the area, it was impossible to estimate the number of speakers. New Atong-speaking villages are reportedly still being built, while at the same time Garo, a closely related and regionally important language, encroaches rapidly on a lot of existing Atong-speaking villages."" (pg. 2)",bib8233,yes +1582-speaker_number-1,1582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Several thousand speakers,bib8271,no +1582-speakers-1,1582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Several thousand speakers,bib8271,no +1582-speakers-2,1582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"""Even after more than twelve months of fieldwork in the area, it was impossible to estimate the number of speakers. New Atong-speaking villages are reportedly still being built, while at the same time Garo, a closely related and regionally important language, encroaches rapidly on a lot of existing Atong-speaking villages."" (pg. 2)",bib8258,yes 1582-speaker_number-3,1582,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"4,600 in India.",bib67,no 1582-speakers-3,1582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"4,600 in India.",bib67,no -1582-LEI-1,1582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -1582-vitality-1,1582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -1582-LEI-2,1582,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8233,yes -1582-transmission-2,1582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8233,yes -1582-domains_of_use-2,1582,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8233,yes -1582-speaker_number_trends-2,1582,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8233,yes -1582-vitality-2,1582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8233,yes +1582-LEI-1,1582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +1582-vitality-1,1582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +1582-LEI-2,1582,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8258,yes +1582-transmission-2,1582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8258,yes +1582-domains_of_use-2,1582,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8258,yes +1582-speaker_number_trends-2,1582,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8258,yes +1582-vitality-2,1582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Although Atong is under a lot of pressure from Garo, the language is still learnt by most children in villages where Atong is the dominant language and shows no signs of obsolescence. It is impossible for me to say objectively what the situation of Atong is at the moment. Given the enormous percentage of bilingual speakers and the prestige of Garo, the majority of the Atong language community could simply decide to abandon their language overnight."" (pg. 17-18)",bib8258,yes 1582-LEI-3,1582,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1582-vitality-3,1582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1584-location-1,1584,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Simla district""}",,,bib8246,yes -1584-location-2,1584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.194, 77.0471]]}",,,bib5307,no -1584-speaker_number-1,1584,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Little is known about this language.,bib8246,yes -1584-speakers-1,1584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Little is known about this language.,bib8246,yes -1584-LEI-1,1584,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1584-vitality-1,1584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1586-location-1,1586,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""], ""Description"": ""spoken in some Kiranti villages of Okhaldhunga and Solukhumbu districts""}",,,bib6139,no -1586-location-2,1586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3126, 86.5571]]}",,,bib5307,no -1586-location-3,1586,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Okhaldhunga and Solukhumbu districts""}",,,bib7525,yes +1584-location-1,1584,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Simla district""}",,,bib8271,yes +1584-location-2,1584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.194, 77.0471]]}",,,bib5330,no +1584-speaker_number-1,1584,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Little is known about this language.,bib8271,yes +1584-speakers-1,1584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Little is known about this language.,bib8271,yes +1584-LEI-1,1584,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1584-vitality-1,1584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1586-location-1,1586,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""], ""Description"": ""spoken in some Kiranti villages of Okhaldhunga and Solukhumbu districts""}",,,bib6163,no +1586-location-2,1586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3126, 86.5571]]}",,,bib5330,no +1586-location-3,1586,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Okhaldhunga and Solukhumbu districts""}",,,bib7550,yes 1586-location-4,1586,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1586-speaker_number-1,1586,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6139,no -1586-speakers-1,1586,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2765 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6139,no -1586-speaker_number-2,1586,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1586-speakers-2,1586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1586-speaker_number-3,1586,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few elderly speakers remain.,bib7525,yes -1586-speakers-3,1586,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few elderly speakers remain.,bib7525,yes +1586-speaker_number-1,1586,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6163,no +1586-speakers-1,1586,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2765 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6163,no +1586-speaker_number-2,1586,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1586-speakers-2,1586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1586-speaker_number-3,1586,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few elderly speakers remain.,bib7550,yes +1586-speakers-3,1586,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few elderly speakers remain.,bib7550,yes 1586-speaker_number-4,1586,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1586-speakers-4,1586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1586-speaker_number-5,1586,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lee et al. (2005).,bib67,no 1586-speakers-5,1586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lee et al. (2005).,bib67,no -1586-LEI-1,1586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6139,no -1586-transmission-1,1586,transmission,3,transmission-3,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6139,no -1586-speaker_number_trends-1,1586,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6139,no -1586-vitality-1,1586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6139,no -1586-LEI-2,1586,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1586-vitality-2,1586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1586-LEI-3,1586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1586-transmission-3,1586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7525,yes -1586-speaker_number_trends-3,1586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7525,yes -1586-vitality-3,1586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7525,yes +1586-LEI-1,1586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6163,no +1586-transmission-1,1586,transmission,3,transmission-3,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6163,no +1586-speaker_number_trends-1,1586,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6163,no +1586-vitality-1,1586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Kiranti-Bayung as one of the vanishing and minority languages of eastern Nepal is primarily spoken by about 900 adult and less young speakers.,bib6163,no +1586-LEI-2,1586,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1586-vitality-2,1586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1586-LEI-3,1586,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1586-transmission-3,1586,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7550,yes +1586-speaker_number_trends-3,1586,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7550,yes +1586-vitality-3,1586,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7550,yes 1586-LEI-4,1586,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1586-vitality-4,1586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1586-LEI-5,1586,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1586-vitality-5,1586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1588-location-1,1588,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Uttar Pradesh""]}",,,bib8246,no -1588-location-2,1588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.8692, 79.0686]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1588-speaker_number-2,1588,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -1588-speakers-2,1588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Prior to 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1588-LEI-1,1588,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1588-vitality-1,1588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1590-context-1,1590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,Nepali is the national language and serves as the medium for schooling.,bib2256,no -1590-context-2,1590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with village leaders, at market and sing songs""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Only 59% of the respondents states their children primarily use Bantawa when playing with their friends, with 30% stating their children mainly use Nepali. In addition, only 57% of the subjects said that they primarily speak with their own children in Bantawa. This may be an indication of language shift among the younger generation."" (p. 49)",bib2479,yes -1590-location-1,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Bhojpur district""}",,,bib2256,no -1590-location-2,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""eastern hills of Nepal, mostly in Bhojpur and adjacent areas""}",,,bib2479,yes +1588-location-1,1588,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Uttar Pradesh""]}",,,bib8271,no +1588-location-2,1588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.8692, 79.0686]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1588-speaker_number-2,1588,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +1588-speakers-2,1588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Prior to 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1588-LEI-1,1588,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1588-vitality-1,1588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1590-context-1,1590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,Nepali is the national language and serves as the medium for schooling.,bib2269,no +1590-context-2,1590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with village leaders, at market and sing songs""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Only 59% of the respondents states their children primarily use Bantawa when playing with their friends, with 30% stating their children mainly use Nepali. In addition, only 57% of the subjects said that they primarily speak with their own children in Bantawa. This may be an indication of language shift among the younger generation."" (p. 49)",bib2492,yes +1590-location-1,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Bhojpur district""}",,,bib2269,no +1590-location-2,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""eastern hills of Nepal, mostly in Bhojpur and adjacent areas""}",,,bib2492,yes 1590-location-3,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1590-location-4,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Bhojpur district""]}",,,bib8246,no -1590-location-5,1590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0994, 87.0048]]}",,,bib5307,no -1590-speakers-1,1590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""371,056 (2001 census)""}",,"""Not all speakers of Bantawa identify themselves as ethnic Bantawa Rai. Many speakers of Bantawa belong to another Kiranti group, e.g. Kulung or Chamling, who happen to have migrated to a Bantawa speaking area. Similarly, there are non-Kiranti inhabitants of Bhojpur of Indo-Aryan stock who speak Bantawa as a mother tongue. In Sindran, the last stronghold of Bantawa, the vast majority of the population identifies themselves as Kirawa `Kiranti' and speak Bantawa as a mother tongue."" (p.7)",bib2256,no -1590-speaker_number-2,1590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2479,yes -1590-speakers-2,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371,056"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (Central Bureau of Statistics)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2479,yes +1590-location-4,1590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Bhojpur district""]}",,,bib8271,no +1590-location-5,1590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0994, 87.0048]]}",,,bib5330,no +1590-speakers-1,1590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""371,056 (2001 census)""}",,"""Not all speakers of Bantawa identify themselves as ethnic Bantawa Rai. Many speakers of Bantawa belong to another Kiranti group, e.g. Kulung or Chamling, who happen to have migrated to a Bantawa speaking area. Similarly, there are non-Kiranti inhabitants of Bhojpur of Indo-Aryan stock who speak Bantawa as a mother tongue. In Sindran, the last stronghold of Bantawa, the vast majority of the population identifies themselves as Kirawa `Kiranti' and speak Bantawa as a mother tongue."" (p.7)",bib2269,no +1590-speaker_number-2,1590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2492,yes +1590-speakers-2,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371,056"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (Central Bureau of Statistics)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2492,yes 1590-speakers-3,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""390,200""}",,"371,000 in Nepal (2001 census). Less than 5% monolinguals.",bib67,no -1590-speaker_number-5,1590,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1590-speakers-5,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371,056"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1590-speaker_number-5,1590,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1590-speakers-5,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371,056"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1590-speaker_number-6,1590,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1590-speakers-6,1590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371,056"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1590-LEI-1,1590,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2256,no -1590-transmission-1,1590,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2256,no -1590-domains_of_use-1,1590,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2256,no -1590-speaker_number_trends-1,1590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2256,no -1590-vitality-1,1590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2256,no -1590-LEI-2,1590,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2479,yes -1590-transmission-2,1590,transmission,1,transmission-1,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2479,yes -1590-domains_of_use-2,1590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2479,yes -1590-speaker_number_trends-2,1590,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2479,yes -1590-vitality-2,1590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2479,yes -1590-LEI-3,1590,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1590-vitality-3,1590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1590-LEI-1,1590,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2269,no +1590-transmission-1,1590,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2269,no +1590-domains_of_use-1,1590,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2269,no +1590-speaker_number_trends-1,1590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2269,no +1590-vitality-1,1590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""[E]ven where Bantawa is quite vital and still passed on to the next generation, the pressure on the language from the national language Nepali is immense. Many Bantawa speakers switch code frequently and use many loans in everyday speech."" (p.6)",bib2269,no +1590-LEI-2,1590,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2492,yes +1590-transmission-2,1590,transmission,1,transmission-1,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2492,yes +1590-domains_of_use-2,1590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2492,yes +1590-speaker_number_trends-2,1590,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2492,yes +1590-vitality-2,1590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Eastern Bantawa has the strongest vitality whereas Northern Bantawa is endangered with speakers shifting to Nepali. Language shift to Nepali is caused mainly by low homogeneity and relative prestige.,bib2492,yes +1590-LEI-3,1590,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1590-vitality-3,1590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1590-LEI-4,1590,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1590-vitality-4,1590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1591-context-1,1591,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral to positive (previously negative)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"There are no monolingual speakers of Baram. -""[T]hey used to hesitate to speak their own language in front of speakers of other languages and to identify themselves as Barams... But at present, because of the democratic movements and growing awareness among the minority ethnic groups, Barams are happy to use their language and to identify themselves as Baram.... The Nepal Baram Association, a national-level organization, and the Gorkha Baram Associatino, at the district level, have been actively promoting the language, culture, and identity of the Baram people.""",bib4033,yes -1591-location-1,1591,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Predominantly in the central-southern part of the Gorkha district, along the Daraundi and Budhigandaki rivers and their tributaries.""}",,Dandagaun of the Gorkha district is the only place where the language is still spoken.,bib4033,yes +""[T]hey used to hesitate to speak their own language in front of speakers of other languages and to identify themselves as Barams... But at present, because of the democratic movements and growing awareness among the minority ethnic groups, Barams are happy to use their language and to identify themselves as Baram.... The Nepal Baram Association, a national-level organization, and the Gorkha Baram Associatino, at the district level, have been actively promoting the language, culture, and identity of the Baram people.""",bib4053,yes +1591-location-1,1591,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Predominantly in the central-southern part of the Gorkha district, along the Daraundi and Budhigandaki rivers and their tributaries.""}",,Dandagaun of the Gorkha district is the only place where the language is still spoken.,bib4053,yes 1591-location-2,1591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1591-location-3,1591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Gorkha district""], ""Description"": ""One village, Dandagau, near Pipal Danda in the Takukot area.""}",,"Outside of this village, a few elderly or isolated individuals have a fragmentary recollection of the language.",bib8246,no -1591-location-4,1591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.041, 84.629]]}",,,bib5307,no -1591-speaker_number-1,1591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"2 speakers in Takukot-5, Mailung, and 51 speakers in Takukot-8, Dandagaun. ""Most of the fluent speakers are above 60 years of age. The youngest fluent speakers we found is 48 years old.""",bib4033,yes -1591-speakers-1,1591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7383 (Central Bureau of Statistics)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007-2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""53""}",,"2 speakers in Takukot-5, Mailung, and 51 speakers in Takukot-8, Dandagaun. ""Most of the fluent speakers are above 60 years of age. The youngest fluent speakers we found is 48 years old.""",bib4033,yes +1591-location-3,1591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Gorkha district""], ""Description"": ""One village, Dandagau, near Pipal Danda in the Takukot area.""}",,"Outside of this village, a few elderly or isolated individuals have a fragmentary recollection of the language.",bib8271,no +1591-location-4,1591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.041, 84.629]]}",,,bib5330,no +1591-speaker_number-1,1591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"2 speakers in Takukot-5, Mailung, and 51 speakers in Takukot-8, Dandagaun. ""Most of the fluent speakers are above 60 years of age. The youngest fluent speakers we found is 48 years old.""",bib4053,yes +1591-speakers-1,1591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7383 (Central Bureau of Statistics)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007-2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""53""}",,"2 speakers in Takukot-5, Mailung, and 51 speakers in Takukot-8, Dandagaun. ""Most of the fluent speakers are above 60 years of age. The youngest fluent speakers we found is 48 years old.""",bib4053,yes 1591-speaker_number-2,1591,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 1591-speakers-2,1591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,383"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -1591-speaker_number-3,1591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2115,no -1591-speakers-3,1591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155 speakers according to 2011 census. Actual number may be lower."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2115,no +1591-speaker_number-3,1591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2128,no +1591-speakers-3,1591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155 speakers according to 2011 census. Actual number may be lower."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2128,no 1591-speaker_number-4,1591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A few hundred speakers, but fluent speakers are all middle-aged to elderly and together number far -less than a hundred.",bib8246,no +less than a hundred.",bib8271,no 1591-speakers-4,1591,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A few hundred speakers, but fluent speakers are all middle-aged to elderly and together number far -less than a hundred.",bib8246,no -1591-speaker_number-5,1591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1591-speakers-5,1591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +less than a hundred.",bib8271,no +1591-speaker_number-5,1591,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1591-speakers-5,1591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1591-speaker_number-6,1591,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1591-speakers-6,1591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1591-LEI-1,1591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4033,yes -1591-transmission-1,1591,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4033,yes -1591-speaker_number_trends-1,1591,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4033,yes -1591-vitality-1,1591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4033,yes +1591-LEI-1,1591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4053,yes +1591-transmission-1,1591,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4053,yes +1591-speaker_number_trends-1,1591,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4053,yes +1591-vitality-1,1591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The survey suggested that Baram is more likely to be used for activities such as thinking, scolding, cursing, and praying than for joking, dreaming, abusing, performing rituals, or playing. Speakers do not sing in Baram and there is not a single traditional native Baram song. It is equally interesting that Baram is not used in any Baram rituals; they use Nepali instead. This is likely due to the linguistic and cultural convergence that resulted from prolonged contact with Nepali-speaking people.",bib4053,yes 1591-LEI-2,1591,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1591-vitality-2,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1591-LEI-3,1591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2115,no -1591-transmission-3,1591,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2115,no -1591-domains_of_use-3,1591,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2115,no -1591-speaker_number_trends-3,1591,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2115,no -1591-vitality-3,1591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2115,no -1591-LEI-4,1591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -1591-vitality-4,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -1591-LEI-5,1591,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1591-vitality-5,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1591-LEI-3,1591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2128,no +1591-transmission-3,1591,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2128,no +1591-domains_of_use-3,1591,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2128,no +1591-speaker_number_trends-3,1591,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2128,no +1591-vitality-3,1591,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Nowadays, Baram is hardly used in everyday life."" Some elderly speakers (55+).",bib2128,no +1591-LEI-4,1591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +1591-vitality-4,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +1591-LEI-5,1591,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1591-vitality-5,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1591-LEI-6,1591,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1591-vitality-6,1591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1592-context-1,1592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Bartangi has no place anywhere but here’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7326,yes -1592-location-1,1592,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan: Badakhshan province""]}",,,bib8246,no -1592-location-2,1592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.219736, 72.11835]]}",,,bib7945,no -1592-location-3,1592,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Bartangi is spoken further up the Bartang River, starting from the village of Khijez, with the principal villages being Siponj (also called Bartang), Darzhomch, Razuj, and Basid. Bartangi is also spoken in the village of Ravmed, located on a tributary of the Bartang River."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.927045, 71.594603]]}",,,bib7326,yes -1592-speaker_number-1,1592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7326,yes -1592-speakers-1,1592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,425"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7326,yes +1592-context-1,1592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Bartangi has no place anywhere but here’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7350,yes +1592-location-1,1592,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan: Badakhshan province""]}",,,bib8271,no +1592-location-2,1592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.219736, 72.11835]]}",,,bib7970,no +1592-location-3,1592,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Bartangi is spoken further up the Bartang River, starting from the village of Khijez, with the principal villages being Siponj (also called Bartang), Darzhomch, Razuj, and Basid. Bartangi is also spoken in the village of Ravmed, located on a tributary of the Bartang River."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.927045, 71.594603]]}",,,bib7350,yes +1592-speaker_number-1,1592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7350,yes +1592-speakers-1,1592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,425"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7350,yes 1592-speaker_number-2,1592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1592-speakers-2,1592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1939"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1592-LEI-1,1592,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -1592-transmission-1,1592,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -1592-domains_of_use-1,1592,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -1592-speaker_number_trends-1,1592,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -1592-vitality-1,1592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes +1592-LEI-1,1592,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +1592-transmission-1,1592,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +1592-domains_of_use-1,1592,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +1592-speaker_number_trends-1,1592,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +1592-vitality-1,1592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes 1592-LEI-2,1592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1592-vitality-2,1592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1593-context-1,1593,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto""}",,,bib740,no -1593-location-1,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Swat Kohistan, Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib740,no +1593-context-1,1593,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto""}",,,bib744,no +1593-location-1,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Swat Kohistan, Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib744,no 1593-location-2,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -1593-location-3,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kalam (Swat) Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib6094,no -1593-location-4,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Swat river and Panjkora valley""}",,,bib8246,yes -1593-location-5,1593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2893, 72.6168]]}",,,bib5307,no +1593-location-3,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kalam (Swat) Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib6118,no +1593-location-4,1593,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Swat river and Panjkora valley""}",,,bib8271,yes +1593-location-5,1593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2893, 72.6168]]}",,,bib5330,no 1593-location-6,1593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.525178, 72.586697]]}",,,bib75,no -1593-speaker_number-1,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib740,no -1593-speakers-1,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib740,no +1593-speaker_number-1,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib744,no +1593-speakers-1,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib744,no 1593-speaker_number-2,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1593-speakers-2,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1593-speaker_number-3,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6094,no -1593-speakers-3,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6094,no -1593-speaker_number-4,1593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -1593-speakers-4,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1593-speaker_number-5,1593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1593-speakers-5,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1593-speaker_number-3,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6118,no +1593-speakers-3,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6118,no +1593-speaker_number-4,1593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +1593-speakers-4,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1593-speaker_number-5,1593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1593-speakers-5,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1593-speaker_number-6,1593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1593-speakers-6,1593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1593-LEI-1,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -1593-vitality-1,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +1593-LEI-1,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +1593-vitality-1,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 1593-LEI-2,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1593-vitality-2,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1593-LEI-3,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -1593-vitality-3,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -1593-LEI-4,1593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1593-vitality-4,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1593-LEI-5,1593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1593-vitality-5,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1593-LEI-3,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +1593-vitality-3,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +1593-LEI-4,1593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1593-vitality-4,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1593-LEI-5,1593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1593-vitality-5,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1593-LEI-6,1593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1593-vitality-6,1593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1595-context-1,1595,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, school, army""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army). Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related.",bib6842,no -1595-location-1,1595,location,"{""Description"": ""Bathari is the language of the Batahira who live on the south-western coast of Oman, in the Jazir area, between Hasik and Ras Sharbithat""}",,,bib6842,no +1595-context-1,1595,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, school, army""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army). Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related.",bib6866,no +1595-location-1,1595,location,"{""Description"": ""Bathari is the language of the Batahira who live on the south-western coast of Oman, in the Jazir area, between Hasik and Ras Sharbithat""}",,,bib6866,no 1595-location-2,1595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0, 56.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1595-location-3,1595,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen"", ""Oman""]}",,,bib67,no -1595-location-4,1595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8846, 55.5853]]}",,,bib5307,no +1595-location-4,1595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8846, 55.5853]]}",,,bib5330,no 1595-location-5,1595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.45, 53.12]]}",,,bib75,no -1595-location-6,1595,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a small region of Dhofar""}",,,bib7728,yes -1595-speaker_number-1,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 300 (per Morris 1983:130),bib6842,no -1595-speakers-1,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 300 (per Morris 1983:130),bib6842,no +1595-location-6,1595,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a small region of Dhofar""}",,,bib7753,yes +1595-speaker_number-1,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 300 (per Morris 1983:130),bib6866,no +1595-speakers-1,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 300 (per Morris 1983:130),bib6866,no 1595-speaker_number-2,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1595-speakers-2,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1595-speaker_number-3,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1595-speakers-3,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1595-speaker_number-4,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7081,no -1595-speakers-4,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7081,no +1595-speaker_number-3,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1595-speakers-3,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1595-speaker_number-4,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7105,no +1595-speakers-4,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7105,no 1595-speaker_number-5,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1595-speakers-5,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1595-speaker_number-6,1595,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7728,yes -1595-speakers-6,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7728,yes -1595-speaker_number-7,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -1595-speakers-7,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -1595-LEI-1,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,no -1595-vitality-1,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,no +1595-speaker_number-6,1595,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7753,yes +1595-speakers-6,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7753,yes +1595-speaker_number-7,1595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +1595-speakers-7,1595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +1595-LEI-1,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,no +1595-vitality-1,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,no 1595-LEI-2,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1595-vitality-2,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1595-LEI-3,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1595-vitality-3,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1595-LEI-4,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7081,no -1595-vitality-4,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7081,no +1595-LEI-3,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1595-vitality-3,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1595-LEI-4,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7105,no +1595-vitality-4,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7105,no 1595-LEI-5,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1595-vitality-5,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1595-LEI-6,1595,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered,bib7728,yes -1595-vitality-6,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Highly endangered,bib7728,yes -1595-LEI-7,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -1595-vitality-7,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -1596-context-1,1596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib7525,no -1596-context-2,1596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla; neighboring languages such as Marma and Lushai"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There is not very much institutional support for Bawn Chin in Bangladesh communities."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"In Bangladesh, the Bawm use Bawm Chin among themselves and switch to Bangla, the national language of Bangladesh, or other neighboring languages such as when talking to non-Bawm speakers. Bangla, the official language, is the medium for education. However, there is a Bawm language education program which ""is being run by their own efforts and is successful because of community members' cooperation. The result of this language education program is that Bawm children can freely read literature in their own language."" (p.29)",bib4171,yes +1595-LEI-6,1595,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered,bib7753,yes +1595-vitality-6,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Highly endangered,bib7753,yes +1595-LEI-7,1595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +1595-vitality-7,1595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +1596-context-1,1596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib7550,no +1596-context-2,1596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla; neighboring languages such as Marma and Lushai"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There is not very much institutional support for Bawn Chin in Bangladesh communities."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"In Bangladesh, the Bawm use Bawm Chin among themselves and switch to Bangla, the national language of Bangladesh, or other neighboring languages such as when talking to non-Bawm speakers. Bangla, the official language, is the medium for education. However, there is a Bawm language education program which ""is being run by their own efforts and is successful because of community members' cooperation. The result of this language education program is that Bawm children can freely read literature in their own language."" (p.29)",bib4191,yes 1596-location-1,1596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5, 92.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1596-location-2,1596,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar"", ""Bangladesh""]}",,,bib67,no -1596-location-3,1596,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Mizoram and Assam, Bangladesh and Burma""]}",,,bib7525,no -1596-location-4,1596,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh""], ""Description"": ""The Bawm live in both Rangamati and Bandarban districts, but most are in Bandarban district. (p.11)""}",,,bib4171,yes -1596-location-5,1596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1874, 92.6477]]}",,,bib5307,no +1596-location-3,1596,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Mizoram and Assam, Bangladesh and Burma""]}",,,bib7550,no +1596-location-4,1596,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh""], ""Description"": ""The Bawm live in both Rangamati and Bandarban districts, but most are in Bandarban district. (p.11)""}",,,bib4191,yes +1596-location-5,1596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1874, 92.6477]]}",,,bib5330,no 1596-speaker_number-1,1596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,440 speakers in India (2004).",bib67,no 1596-speakers-1,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,440 speakers in India (2004).",bib67,no -1596-speakers-2,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib7525,no -1596-speakers-3,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib4171,yes -1596-speaker_number-4,1596,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1596-speakers-4,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1596-speakers-2,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib7550,no +1596-speakers-3,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib4191,yes +1596-speaker_number-4,1596,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1596-speakers-4,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1596-speaker_number-5,1596,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1596-speakers-5,1596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,793"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1596-LEI-1,1596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1596-vitality-1,1596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1596-LEI-3,1596,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4171,yes -1596-transmission-3,1596,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4171,yes -1596-domains_of_use-3,1596,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4171,yes -1596-speaker_number_trends-3,1596,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4171,yes -1596-vitality-3,1596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4171,yes -1596-LEI-4,1596,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1596-vitality-4,1596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1596-LEI-3,1596,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4191,yes +1596-transmission-3,1596,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4191,yes +1596-domains_of_use-3,1596,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4191,yes +1596-speaker_number_trends-3,1596,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4191,yes +1596-vitality-3,1596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The vitality information is associated only with the Bawm in Bangladesh while Bawm Chin is also spoken in Indian and Myanmar.,bib4191,yes +1596-LEI-4,1596,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1596-vitality-4,1596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1596-LEI-5,1596,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1596-vitality-5,1596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1597-location-1,1597,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Karnataka state, South kanara district""]}",,,bib8246,yes -1597-location-2,1597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 76.4648]]}",,,bib5307,no +1597-location-1,1597,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Karnataka state, South kanara district""]}",,,bib8271,yes +1597-location-2,1597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 76.4648]]}",,,bib5330,no 1597-location-3,1597,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1597-speaker_number-1,1597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8246,yes -1597-speakers-1,1597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8246,yes +1597-speaker_number-1,1597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8271,yes +1597-speakers-1,1597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8271,yes 1597-speaker_number-2,1597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1597-speakers-2,1597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,352"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1597-speaker_number-3,1597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1981 census.,bib67,no 1597-speakers-3,1597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1981 census.,bib67,no -1597-LEI-1,1597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1597-vitality-1,1597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +1597-LEI-1,1597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1597-vitality-1,1597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 1597-LEI-2,1597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1597-vitality-2,1597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1597-LEI-3,1597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1597-vitality-3,1597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1598-location-1,1598,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8246,yes -1598-location-2,1598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8886, 76.3]]}",,,bib5307,no +1598-location-1,1598,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8271,yes +1598-location-2,1598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8886, 76.3]]}",,,bib5330,no 1598-location-3,1598,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -1598-speaker_number-1,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -1598-speakers-1,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<69,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1598-speaker_number-2,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1598-speakers-2,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66,918"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1598-speaker_number-1,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +1598-speakers-1,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<69,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1598-speaker_number-2,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1598-speakers-2,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66,918"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1598-speaker_number-3,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1598-speakers-3,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1598-speaker_number-4,1598,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1598-speakers-4,1598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1598-LEI-1,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1598-vitality-1,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1598-LEI-2,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1598-vitality-2,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1598-LEI-1,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1598-vitality-1,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1598-LEI-2,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1598-vitality-2,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1598-LEI-3,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1598-vitality-3,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1598-LEI-4,1598,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1598-vitality-4,1598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1599-location-1,1599,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8246,yes -1599-location-2,1599,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.3947, 76.1352]]}",,,bib5307,no -1601-context-1,1601,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,Widespread bilingualism,bib8246,no -1601-location-1,1601,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Scattered communities in Bihar, Orissa, and Madhya Pradesh""}",,,bib8246,no +1599-location-1,1599,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8271,yes +1599-location-2,1599,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.3947, 76.1352]]}",,,bib5330,no +1601-context-1,1601,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,Widespread bilingualism,bib8271,no +1601-location-1,1601,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Scattered communities in Bihar, Orissa, and Madhya Pradesh""}",,,bib8271,no 1601-location-2,1601,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.552, 85.804]]}",,,bib67,no -1601-speaker_number-1,1601,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -1601-speakers-1,1601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no +1601-speaker_number-1,1601,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +1601-speakers-1,1601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no 1601-speaker_number-2,1601,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Bhumij speakers still number perhaps over 100,000 but they are rapidly adopting Hinduism and abandoning their ancestral Kherwarian North Munda tongue in favor of a local Indo-Aryan variety."" The Bhumij are sometimes incorrectly united with the Mundari and the Munda, despite being ethnically and linguistically distinct.",bib138,yes 1601-speakers-2,1601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""over 100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Bhumij speakers still number perhaps over 100,000 but they are rapidly adopting Hinduism and abandoning their ancestral Kherwarian North Munda tongue in favor of a local Indo-Aryan variety."" The Bhumij are sometimes incorrectly united with the Mundari and the Munda, despite being ethnically and linguistically distinct.",bib138,yes -1601-LEI-1,1601,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -1601-vitality-1,1601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +1601-LEI-1,1601,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +1601-vitality-1,1601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 1601-LEI-2,1601,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib138,yes 1601-vitality-2,1601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib138,yes -1602-location-1,1602,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Bihar state, Simhabhum, Palamu, Hazaribag, Ranci""}",,,bib8246,yes -1602-location-2,1602,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.7594, 85.935]]}",,,bib5307,no +1602-location-1,1602,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Bihar state, Simhabhum, Palamu, Hazaribag, Ranci""}",,,bib8271,yes +1602-location-2,1602,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.7594, 85.935]]}",,,bib5330,no 1602-location-3,1602,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1602-speaker_number-1,1602,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -1602-speakers-1,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1602-speaker_number-2,1602,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1602-speakers-2,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1602-speaker_number-1,1602,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +1602-speakers-1,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1602-speaker_number-2,1602,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1602-speakers-2,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1602-speaker_number-3,1602,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1602-speakers-3,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1602-speaker_number-4,1602,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nomadic habits make assessment difficult. Some estimates as low as 1,000 (Parkin 1991).",bib67,no 1602-speakers-4,1602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nomadic habits make assessment difficult. Some estimates as low as 1,000 (Parkin 1991).",bib67,no -1602-LEI-1,1602,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Assimilating into the Bihari speech community.,bib8246,yes -1602-vitality-1,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Assimilating into the Bihari speech community.,bib8246,yes -1602-LEI-2,1602,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1602-vitality-2,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1602-LEI-1,1602,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Assimilating into the Bihari speech community.,bib8271,yes +1602-vitality-1,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Assimilating into the Bihari speech community.,bib8271,yes +1602-LEI-2,1602,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1602-vitality-2,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1602-LEI-3,1602,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1602-vitality-3,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1602-LEI-4,1602,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1602-vitality-4,1602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1604-location-1,1604,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang district""}",,,bib8246,yes -1604-location-2,1604,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.8735, 94.3807]]}",,,bib5307,no -1604-speaker_number-1,1604,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -1604-speakers-1,1604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1604-LEI-1,1604,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1604-vitality-1,1604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1607-location-1,1607,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.9889, 94.4439]]}",,,bib5307,no -1607-location-2,1607,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Siyom and Sike rivers""}",,,bib7525,yes -1607-speaker_number-1,1607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,yes -1607-speakers-1,1607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,yes -1607-LEI-1,1607,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1607-vitality-1,1607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -1609-location-1,1609,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang district, Dur village""}",,,bib8246,yes -1609-location-2,1609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5618, 90.6152]]}",,,bib5307,no +1604-location-1,1604,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang district""}",,,bib8271,yes +1604-location-2,1604,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.8735, 94.3807]]}",,,bib5330,no +1604-speaker_number-1,1604,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +1604-speakers-1,1604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1604-LEI-1,1604,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1604-vitality-1,1604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1607-location-1,1607,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.9889, 94.4439]]}",,,bib5330,no +1607-location-2,1607,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Siyom and Sike rivers""}",,,bib7550,yes +1607-speaker_number-1,1607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,yes +1607-speakers-1,1607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,yes +1607-LEI-1,1607,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1607-vitality-1,1607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +1609-location-1,1609,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang district, Dur village""}",,,bib8271,yes +1609-location-2,1609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5618, 90.6152]]}",,,bib5330,no 1609-location-3,1609,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -1609-speaker_number-1,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8246,yes -1609-speakers-1,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1609-speaker_number-2,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1609-speakers-2,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1609-speaker_number-1,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8271,yes +1609-speakers-1,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1609-speaker_number-2,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1609-speakers-2,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1609-speaker_number-3,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1609-speakers-3,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1609-speaker_number-4,1609,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no 1609-speakers-4,1609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no -1609-LEI-1,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1609-vitality-1,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1609-LEI-2,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1609-vitality-2,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1609-LEI-1,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1609-vitality-1,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1609-LEI-2,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1609-vitality-2,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1609-LEI-3,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1609-vitality-3,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1609-LEI-4,1609,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1609-vitality-4,1609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1610-location-1,1610,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang district""}",,,bib8246,yes -1610-location-2,1610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3766, 91.9981]]}",,,bib5307,no +1610-location-1,1610,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang district""}",,,bib8271,yes +1610-location-2,1610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3766, 91.9981]]}",,,bib5330,no 1610-location-3,1610,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -1610-speaker_number-1,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -1610-speakers-1,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1610-speaker_number-2,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1610-speakers-2,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1610-speaker_number-1,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +1610-speakers-1,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1610-speaker_number-2,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1610-speakers-2,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1610-speaker_number-3,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1610-speakers-3,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1610-speaker_number-4,1610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 2,000 speakers in the Mera area, and 3,000 in the Sagteng area.",bib67,no 1610-speakers-4,1610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 2,000 speakers in the Mera area, and 3,000 in the Sagteng area.",bib67,no -1610-LEI-1,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1610-vitality-1,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1610-LEI-2,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1610-vitality-2,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1610-LEI-1,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1610-vitality-1,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1610-LEI-2,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1610-vitality-2,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1610-LEI-3,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1610-vitality-3,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1610-LEI-4,1610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1610-vitality-4,1610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1612-context-1,1612,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains and/or with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Manchad; Tibetan; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Since the opening of the road over the Rohtang La in 1965, an increasing number of Bunan families have permanently migrated to Kullu Valley. Their descendants often speak Hindi as a primary language and only have an imperfect command of the language of their parents. Fortunately, such cases are rather exceptional. Bunan as a spoken language is thus not immediately threatened at present. The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan. Still, the rapid social and economic changes that are currently taking place in India are a challenge for both the traditional culture and the language of the Bunan speak-ing community (and for the cultural and linguistic diversity of South Asia in general). In the future, the steady emigration of Bunan speakers to other areas inside and outside of Hima-chal Pradesh combined with the increasing immigration of outsiders may well lead to the destabilization and disintegration of the Bunan speaking community in the foreseeable future. Great efforts will have to be made in order to preserve the cultural and linguistic diversity of Lahaul for future generations. However the indigenous inhabitants of Lahaul are increasingly becoming aware of the uniqueness of their cultural heritage. Manifestations of this growing awareness are publications such as the book Moravian missionaries in western Trans-Himalaya (Dorje & Tobdan 2008), which was authored by indigenous scholars. An ever-growing number of Lahauli music videos on YouTube likewise illustrate this development. I am thus confident that Bunan and the other indigenous languages of Lahaul at least stand a good chance of surviving as spoken languages in the near future. The transformation of modern India may indeed be a challenge for the countless linguistic minorities of India. How-ever, at least in the case of Lahaul, the process is also bringing along increased social awareness of the value of cultural and linguistic diversity, which may prove to be a powerful resource for the indigenous ethnolinguistic societies of Lahaul."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes +1612-context-1,1612,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains and/or with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Manchad; Tibetan; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Since the opening of the road over the Rohtang La in 1965, an increasing number of Bunan families have permanently migrated to Kullu Valley. Their descendants often speak Hindi as a primary language and only have an imperfect command of the language of their parents. Fortunately, such cases are rather exceptional. Bunan as a spoken language is thus not immediately threatened at present. The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan. Still, the rapid social and economic changes that are currently taking place in India are a challenge for both the traditional culture and the language of the Bunan speak-ing community (and for the cultural and linguistic diversity of South Asia in general). In the future, the steady emigration of Bunan speakers to other areas inside and outside of Hima-chal Pradesh combined with the increasing immigration of outsiders may well lead to the destabilization and disintegration of the Bunan speaking community in the foreseeable future. Great efforts will have to be made in order to preserve the cultural and linguistic diversity of Lahaul for future generations. However the indigenous inhabitants of Lahaul are increasingly becoming aware of the uniqueness of their cultural heritage. Manifestations of this growing awareness are publications such as the book Moravian missionaries in western Trans-Himalaya (Dorje & Tobdan 2008), which was authored by indigenous scholars. An ever-growing number of Lahauli music videos on YouTube likewise illustrate this development. I am thus confident that Bunan and the other indigenous languages of Lahaul at least stand a good chance of surviving as spoken languages in the near future. The transformation of modern India may indeed be a challenge for the countless linguistic minorities of India. How-ever, at least in the case of Lahaul, the process is also bringing along increased social awareness of the value of cultural and linguistic diversity, which may prove to be a powerful resource for the indigenous ethnolinguistic societies of Lahaul."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes 1612-location-1,1612,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.5, 77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1612-location-2,1612,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -1612-location-3,1612,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Lahaul, the northernmost region of the state Himachal Pradesh""}",,,bib7807,yes -1612-location-4,1612,location,"{""Places"": [""Himachal Pradesh, Lahul district""], ""Description"": ""Both banks of Bhaga River from Tandi to Kyelong""}",,,bib8246,no -1612-location-5,1612,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.7503, 76.2451]]}",,,bib5307,no +1612-location-3,1612,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Lahaul, the northernmost region of the state Himachal Pradesh""}",,,bib7832,yes +1612-location-4,1612,location,"{""Places"": [""Himachal Pradesh, Lahul district""], ""Description"": ""Both banks of Bhaga River from Tandi to Kyelong""}",,,bib8271,no +1612-location-5,1612,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.7503, 76.2451]]}",,,bib5330,no 1612-speaker_number-1,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1612-speakers-1,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1612-speaker_number-2,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7807,yes -1612-speakers-2,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500 ~ 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7807,yes -1612-speaker_number-3,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,no -1612-speakers-3,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,581"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,no -1612-speaker_number-4,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1612-speakers-4,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1612-speaker_number-2,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7832,yes +1612-speakers-2,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500 ~ 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7832,yes +1612-speaker_number-3,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,no +1612-speakers-3,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,581"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,no +1612-speaker_number-4,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1612-speakers-4,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1612-speaker_number-5,1612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1612-speakers-5,1612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1612-LEI-1,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1612-vitality-1,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1612-LEI-2,1612,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes -1612-transmission-2,1612,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes -1612-domains_of_use-2,1612,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes -1612-speaker_number_trends-2,1612,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes -1612-vitality-2,1612,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7807,yes -1612-LEI-3,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -1612-vitality-3,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -1612-LEI-4,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1612-vitality-4,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1612-LEI-2,1612,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes +1612-transmission-2,1612,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes +1612-domains_of_use-2,1612,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes +1612-speaker_number_trends-2,1612,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes +1612-vitality-2,1612,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The Bunan speaking community in Lahaul is still co-hesive and most parents still raise their children in the Gahr Valley, where they grow up speaking Bunan."" (p.22)",bib7832,yes +1612-LEI-3,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +1612-vitality-3,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +1612-LEI-4,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1612-vitality-4,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1612-LEI-5,1612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1612-vitality-5,1612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1613-location-1,1613,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kashmir, Kargil""}",,,bib8246,yes +1613-location-1,1613,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kashmir, Kargil""}",,,bib8271,yes 1613-location-2,1613,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6666666667, 76.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1613-location-3,1613,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -1613-speaker_number-1,1613,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -1613-speakers-1,1613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes +1613-speaker_number-1,1613,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +1613-speakers-1,1613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes 1613-speaker_number-2,1613,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1613-speakers-2,1613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1613-speaker_number-3,1613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 1613-speakers-3,1613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -1613-LEI-1,1613,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1613-vitality-1,1613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +1613-LEI-1,1613,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1613-vitality-1,1613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 1613-LEI-2,1613,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1613-vitality-2,1613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1613-LEI-3,1613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1613-vitality-3,1613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1614-context-1,1614,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu""}",,"""Lack of institutional support and cultural homogenization through education and media have also greatly contributed to a drive towards language shift.”",bib5385,yes +1614-context-1,1614,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu""}",,"""Lack of institutional support and cultural homogenization through education and media have also greatly contributed to a drive towards language shift.”",bib5408,yes 1614-location-1,1614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.5, 74.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1614-location-2,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -1614-location-3,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Hunza-Karakorum, North Pakistan""}",,,bib869,no -1614-location-4,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Hunza, Nagar, Yasin valleys (Northern areas)""}",,,bib6094,no -1614-location-5,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan: Hunza-Nager and Yasin valleys""], ""Description"": ""Some 50,000 Bur\u00fasho live in Hunza and Nager and some 30,000 live in Yasin. A considerable Bur\u00fasho population has also settled in Gilgit itself."", ""Coordinates"": [[36.3294753, 74.6605365], [36.3596633, 73.3384471]]}",,,bib8246,no -1614-location-6,1614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.3294753, 74.6605365]]}",,,bib5307,no +1614-location-3,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Hunza-Karakorum, North Pakistan""}",,,bib873,no +1614-location-4,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Hunza, Nagar, Yasin valleys (Northern areas)""}",,,bib6118,no +1614-location-5,1614,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan: Hunza-Nager and Yasin valleys""], ""Description"": ""Some 50,000 Bur\u00fasho live in Hunza and Nager and some 30,000 live in Yasin. A considerable Bur\u00fasho population has also settled in Gilgit itself."", ""Coordinates"": [[36.3294753, 74.6605365], [36.3596633, 73.3384471]]}",,,bib8271,no +1614-location-6,1614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.3294753, 74.6605365]]}",,,bib5330,no 1614-location-7,1614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.218067, 74.822003]]}",,,bib75,no 1614-speaker_number-1,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1614-speakers-1,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1614-speaker_number-2,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Nager dialect is perhaps spoken by as many as 80,000, and the Yasin dialect (northwest of Gilgit) is perhaps spoken by about 10,000.",bib869,no -1614-speakers-2,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<90,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Nager dialect is perhaps spoken by as many as 80,000, and the Yasin dialect (northwest of Gilgit) is perhaps spoken by about 10,000.",bib869,no -1614-speaker_number-3,1614,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"“There are no official records on the total number of Burushaski speakers. Based on personal communication with the native speakers of Burushaski in different regions, [The Burushaski language Documentation Project] estimates the total number of Burushos (speakers of the Burushaski language) in Pakistan to be around 100,000... About 300 speakers of Burushaski live in Srinagar.”",bib5385,yes -1614-speakers-3,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"“There are no official records on the total number of Burushaski speakers. Based on personal communication with the native speakers of Burushaski in different regions, [The Burushaski language Documentation Project] estimates the total number of Burushos (speakers of the Burushaski language) in Pakistan to be around 100,000... About 300 speakers of Burushaski live in Srinagar.”",bib5385,yes -1614-speaker_number-4,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6094,no -1614-speakers-4,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000-60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6094,no -1614-speaker_number-5,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -1614-speakers-5,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -1614-speaker_number-6,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1614-speakers-6,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1614-speaker_number-2,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Nager dialect is perhaps spoken by as many as 80,000, and the Yasin dialect (northwest of Gilgit) is perhaps spoken by about 10,000.",bib873,no +1614-speakers-2,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<90,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Nager dialect is perhaps spoken by as many as 80,000, and the Yasin dialect (northwest of Gilgit) is perhaps spoken by about 10,000.",bib873,no +1614-speaker_number-3,1614,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"“There are no official records on the total number of Burushaski speakers. Based on personal communication with the native speakers of Burushaski in different regions, [The Burushaski language Documentation Project] estimates the total number of Burushos (speakers of the Burushaski language) in Pakistan to be around 100,000... About 300 speakers of Burushaski live in Srinagar.”",bib5408,yes +1614-speakers-3,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"“There are no official records on the total number of Burushaski speakers. Based on personal communication with the native speakers of Burushaski in different regions, [The Burushaski language Documentation Project] estimates the total number of Burushos (speakers of the Burushaski language) in Pakistan to be around 100,000... About 300 speakers of Burushaski live in Srinagar.”",bib5408,yes +1614-speaker_number-4,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6118,no +1614-speakers-4,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000-60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6118,no +1614-speaker_number-5,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +1614-speakers-5,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +1614-speaker_number-6,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1614-speakers-6,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1614-speaker_number-7,1614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1614-speakers-7,1614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87,049"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1614-LEI-1,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1614-vitality-1,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1614-LEI-2,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib869,no -1614-vitality-2,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib869,no -1614-LEI-3,1614,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5385,yes -1614-transmission-3,1614,transmission,2,transmission-2,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5385,yes -1614-speaker_number_trends-3,1614,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5385,yes -1614-vitality-3,1614,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5385,yes -1614-LEI-4,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -1614-vitality-4,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -1614-LEI-5,1614,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8246,no -1614-speaker_number_trends-5,1614,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8246,no -1614-vitality-5,1614,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8246,no -1614-LEI-6,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1614-vitality-6,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1614-LEI-2,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib873,no +1614-vitality-2,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib873,no +1614-LEI-3,1614,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5408,yes +1614-transmission-3,1614,transmission,2,transmission-2,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5408,yes +1614-speaker_number_trends-3,1614,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5408,yes +1614-vitality-3,1614,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"“…dominance of Urdu has resulted in a strong push for a majority of Burushos to shift to Urdu. As a result, many younger generation Burushos only have a receptive proficiency in Burushaski. With greater means of mobility, more and more people have chosen to move to bigger cities for education and employment. As a result, they shift to using Urdu as their primary language. Thus, imperfect knowledge of the language is very common and fluency in Burushaski among the second and third generation is on a rapid decline.""",bib5408,yes +1614-LEI-4,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +1614-vitality-4,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +1614-LEI-5,1614,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8271,no +1614-speaker_number_trends-5,1614,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8271,no +1614-vitality-5,1614,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Believed to be dwindling fast.,bib8271,no +1614-LEI-6,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1614-vitality-6,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1614-LEI-7,1614,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1614-vitality-7,1614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1616-location-1,1616,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.1666666667, 80.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1616-location-2,1616,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1616-location-3,1616,location,"{""Places"": [""India/Nepal borders: Mahakali river valley""]}",,,bib7525,no -1616-location-4,1616,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0595, 80.7824]]}",,,bib5307,no +1616-location-3,1616,location,"{""Places"": [""India/Nepal borders: Mahakali river valley""]}",,,bib7550,no +1616-location-4,1616,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0595, 80.7824]]}",,,bib5330,no 1616-speaker_number-1,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,830 in India (2000). No monolinguals.",bib67,no 1616-speakers-1,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,830 in India (2000). No monolinguals.",bib67,no -1616-speaker_number-2,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1991 Nepal census,bib7525,no -1616-speakers-2,1616,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1314"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,314"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1991 Nepal census,bib7525,no -1616-speaker_number-3,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1616-speakers-3,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,734"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1616-speaker_number-2,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1991 Nepal census,bib7550,no +1616-speakers-2,1616,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1314"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,314"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1991 Nepal census,bib7550,no +1616-speaker_number-3,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1616-speakers-3,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,734"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1616-speaker_number-4,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1616-speakers-4,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,563"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1616-speaker_number-5,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8297,yes -1616-speakers-5,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8297,yes +1616-speaker_number-5,1616,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8322,yes +1616-speakers-5,1616,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8322,yes 1616-LEI-1,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1616-vitality-1,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1616-LEI-2,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -1616-vitality-2,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -1616-LEI-3,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1616-vitality-3,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1616-LEI-2,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +1616-vitality-2,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +1616-LEI-3,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1616-vitality-3,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1616-LEI-4,1616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1616-vitality-4,1616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1616-LEI-5,1616,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8297,yes -1616-domains_of_use-5,1616,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib8297,yes -1616-vitality-5,1616,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8297,yes +1616-LEI-5,1616,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8322,yes +1616-domains_of_use-5,1616,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib8322,yes +1616-vitality-5,1616,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8322,yes 1617-context-1,1617,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Panjabi; Hindi; Urdu""}",,,bib67,no -1617-location-1,1617,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.9072, 76.5307]]}",,,bib5307,no +1617-location-1,1617,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.9072, 76.5307]]}",,,bib5330,no 1617-location-2,1617,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba district, Chamba tahsil; Jammu and Kashmir.""}",,,bib67,no -1617-location-3,1617,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba district""}",,,bib7525,yes -1617-speaker_number-1,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1617-speakers-1,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""126,589"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1617-location-3,1617,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba district""}",,,bib7550,yes +1617-speaker_number-1,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1617-speakers-1,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""126,589"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1617-speaker_number-2,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 1617-speakers-2,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -1617-speaker_number-3,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7525,yes -1617-speakers-3,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""129,654"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7525,yes +1617-speaker_number-3,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7550,yes +1617-speakers-3,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""129,654"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7550,yes 1617-speaker_number-4,1617,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1617-speakers-4,1617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""129,654"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1617-LEI-1,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1617-vitality-1,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1617-LEI-1,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1617-vitality-1,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1617-LEI-2,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1617-vitality-2,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1617-LEI-3,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1617-vitality-3,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes +1617-LEI-3,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1617-vitality-3,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes 1617-LEI-4,1617,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1617-vitality-4,1617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1618-location-1,1618,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.301, 91.2991]]}",,,bib5307,no -1618-location-2,1618,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""north of Monggar area""}",,,bib7525,yes +1618-location-1,1618,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.301, 91.2991]]}",,,bib5330,no +1618-location-2,1618,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""north of Monggar area""}",,,bib7550,yes 1618-location-3,1618,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -1618-speaker_number-1,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1618-speakers-1,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1618-speaker_number-2,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,yes -1618-speakers-2,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,yes +1618-speaker_number-1,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1618-speakers-1,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1618-speaker_number-2,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,yes +1618-speakers-2,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,yes 1618-speaker_number-3,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1618-speakers-3,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1618-speaker_number-4,1618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1618-speakers-4,1618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1618-LEI-1,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1618-vitality-1,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1618-LEI-2,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1618-vitality-2,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes +1618-LEI-1,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1618-vitality-1,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1618-LEI-2,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1618-vitality-2,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes 1618-LEI-3,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1618-vitality-3,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1618-LEI-4,1618,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1618-vitality-4,1618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1619-location-1,1619,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0499, 86.7329]]}",,,bib5307,no +1619-location-1,1619,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0499, 86.7329]]}",,,bib5330,no 1619-location-2,1619,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0, 86.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1619-location-3,1619,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Bhojpur district""]}",,,bib7525,yes +1619-location-3,1619,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Bhojpur district""]}",,,bib7550,yes 1619-location-4,1619,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1619-speaker_number-1,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1619-speakers-1,1619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,093"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1619-speaker_number-2,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -1619-speakers-2,1619,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes +1619-speaker_number-1,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1619-speakers-1,1619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,093"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1619-speaker_number-2,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +1619-speakers-2,1619,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes 1619-speaker_number-3,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1619-speakers-3,1619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1619-speaker_number-4,1619,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1619-speakers-4,1619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1619-LEI-1,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1619-vitality-1,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1619-LEI-2,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,First language speakers dwindling; language retention poor in most areas.,bib7525,yes -1619-vitality-2,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,First language speakers dwindling; language retention poor in most areas.,bib7525,yes +1619-LEI-1,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1619-vitality-1,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1619-LEI-2,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,First language speakers dwindling; language retention poor in most areas.,bib7550,yes +1619-vitality-2,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,First language speakers dwindling; language retention poor in most areas.,bib7550,yes 1619-LEI-3,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1619-vitality-3,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1619-LEI-4,1619,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1619-vitality-4,1619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1620-location-1,1620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5833333333, 83.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1620-location-2,1620,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1620-location-3,1620,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""The Dhaulagiri zone of central Nepal""}",,,bib5557,yes -1620-location-4,1620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4493, 83.4054]]}",,,bib5307,no -1620-location-5,1620,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Myagdi and Baglun districts""]}",,,bib7525,no +1620-location-3,1620,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""The Dhaulagiri zone of central Nepal""}",,,bib5581,yes +1620-location-4,1620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4493, 83.4054]]}",,,bib5330,no +1620-location-5,1620,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Myagdi and Baglun districts""]}",,,bib7550,no 1620-speaker_number-1,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Noonan (1997). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 1620-speakers-1,1620,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,814"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Noonan (1997). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -1620-speaker_number-2,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Baglung Chantyal has already shifted to Nepali.,bib5557,yes -1620-speakers-2,1620,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""< 10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000 (Myagdi Chantyal)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Baglung Chantyal has already shifted to Nepali.,bib5557,yes -1620-speaker_number-3,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1620-speakers-3,1620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,912"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1620-speaker_number-4,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -1620-speakers-4,1620,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no +1620-speaker_number-2,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Baglung Chantyal has already shifted to Nepali.,bib5581,yes +1620-speakers-2,1620,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""< 10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000 (Myagdi Chantyal)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Baglung Chantyal has already shifted to Nepali.,bib5581,yes +1620-speaker_number-3,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1620-speakers-3,1620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,912"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1620-speaker_number-4,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +1620-speakers-4,1620,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no 1620-speaker_number-5,1620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1620-speakers-5,1620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1620-LEI-1,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1620-vitality-1,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1620-LEI-2,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5557,yes -1620-vitality-2,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5557,yes -1620-LEI-3,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1620-vitality-3,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1620-LEI-4,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -1620-vitality-4,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no +1620-LEI-2,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5581,yes +1620-vitality-2,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5581,yes +1620-LEI-3,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1620-vitality-3,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1620-LEI-4,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +1620-vitality-4,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no 1620-LEI-5,1620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1620-vitality-5,1620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1621-context-1,1621,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali (in Nepal)"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Limbu is passed down to children. In Nepal, Limbu is used in all sorts of non-official domains such as at home, in villages and in worship though Nepali is also used at home and in markets. Multilingual dictionaries, religious rituals and texts, radio programs, and newspaper written in Limbu are found. In Sikkim (India), Limbu is one of the official languages and is taught in school till class 12. -""Limbu vitality is still strong, but the Limbu spoken commonly today is showing the increasing influence of Nepali."" (p.66)",bib7741,no -1621-location-1,1621,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""The eastern hilly region of Nepal, and adjacent areas of Sikkim in north India.""}",,"Panthare: Panchthar, Ilam and Jhapa districts; Phedappe Limbu: to the west of the Tamar River, southwest to the Lubu River, Northwest to the high ridge separating the Tamar River from the Arun River; Taplejunge: the Taplejung ditrict; Chhatthare Limbu: in Tehrathum and Taplejunge distritcts; Chaubise: south of the Tamar River in Dhankuta district",bib7741,no +""Limbu vitality is still strong, but the Limbu spoken commonly today is showing the increasing influence of Nepali."" (p.66)",bib7766,no +1621-location-1,1621,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""The eastern hilly region of Nepal, and adjacent areas of Sikkim in north India.""}",,"Panthare: Panchthar, Ilam and Jhapa districts; Phedappe Limbu: to the west of the Tamar River, southwest to the Lubu River, Northwest to the high ridge separating the Tamar River from the Arun River; Taplejunge: the Taplejung ditrict; Chhatthare Limbu: in Tehrathum and Taplejunge distritcts; Chaubise: south of the Tamar River in Dhankuta district",bib7766,no 1621-location-2,1621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1666666667, 87.75]]}",,,bib216,no -1621-location-3,1621,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Nepal and Western Sikkim""}",,,bib7525,yes -1621-location-4,1621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.096, 87.7356]]}",,,bib5307,no -1621-speaker_number-1,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7741,no -1621-speakers-1,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7741,no -1621-speaker_number-2,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7525,yes -1621-speakers-2,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7525,yes -1621-speaker_number-3,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1621-speakers-3,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1621-location-3,1621,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Nepal and Western Sikkim""}",,,bib7550,yes +1621-location-4,1621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.096, 87.7356]]}",,,bib5330,no +1621-speaker_number-1,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7766,no +1621-speakers-1,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7766,no +1621-speaker_number-2,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7550,yes +1621-speakers-2,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7550,yes +1621-speaker_number-3,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1621-speakers-3,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1621-speaker_number-4,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1621-speakers-4,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""361,633"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1621-speaker_number-5,1621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib140,no 1621-speakers-5,1621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""343,543"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib140,no -1621-LEI-1,1621,LEI,"Safe (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7741,no -1621-transmission-1,1621,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7741,no -1621-domains_of_use-1,1621,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7741,no -1621-speaker_number_trends-1,1621,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7741,no -1621-vitality-1,1621,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7741,no -1621-LEI-2,1621,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7525,yes -1621-transmission-2,1621,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7525,yes -1621-vitality-2,1621,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7525,yes -1621-LEI-3,1621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1621-vitality-3,1621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1621-LEI-1,1621,LEI,"Safe (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7766,no +1621-transmission-1,1621,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7766,no +1621-domains_of_use-1,1621,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7766,no +1621-speaker_number_trends-1,1621,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7766,no +1621-vitality-1,1621,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""In Sikkim, Limbu is one of the official languages and is used in schools there up to class 12."" (p.52)",bib7766,no +1621-LEI-2,1621,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7550,yes +1621-transmission-2,1621,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7550,yes +1621-vitality-2,1621,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""It is sometimes claimed that language retention is as high as 80 percent, but these figures belie the dire situation of [Limbu]... Under the currently prevailing sociolinguistic conditions Limbu is likely to be completely extinct by the end of this century unless measures are taken to revitalize the language through the primary school system."" (pg. 305)",bib7550,yes +1621-LEI-3,1621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1621-vitality-3,1621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1621-LEI-4,1621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1621-vitality-4,1621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1621-LEI-5,1621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 1621-vitality-5,1621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -1622-context-2,1622,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib1558,no +1622-context-2,1622,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib1570,no 1622-location-1,1622,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6666666667, 84.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1622-location-2,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1622-location-3,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Makvanpur, Citvan, and Dhadin districts""}",,,bib7525,yes -1622-location-4,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Makwanpur, Chitwan and the southern parts of the Gorkha and Dhading districts of southwestern central Nepal""}",,,bib1558,no -1622-location-5,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.7552, 84.8144]]}",,,bib5307,no +1622-location-3,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Makvanpur, Citvan, and Dhadin districts""}",,,bib7550,yes +1622-location-4,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Makwanpur, Chitwan and the southern parts of the Gorkha and Dhading districts of southwestern central Nepal""}",,,bib1570,no +1622-location-5,1622,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.7552, 84.8144]]}",,,bib5330,no 1622-speaker_number-1,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 1622-speakers-1,1622,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""52,237"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -1622-speaker_number-2,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Census figure,bib7525,yes -1622-speakers-2,1622,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36656"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,097"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Census figure,bib7525,yes -1622-speaker_number-3,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1558,no -1622-speakers-3,1622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1558,no -1622-speaker_number-4,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1622-speakers-4,1622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,807"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1622-speaker_number-2,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Census figure,bib7550,yes +1622-speakers-2,1622,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36656"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,097"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Census figure,bib7550,yes +1622-speaker_number-3,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1570,no +1622-speakers-3,1622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1570,no +1622-speaker_number-4,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1622-speakers-4,1622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,807"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1622-speaker_number-5,1622,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1622-speakers-5,1622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,807"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1622-LEI-1,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1622-vitality-1,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -1622-LEI-2,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1622-vitality-2,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -1622-LEI-3,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1558,no -1622-vitality-3,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1558,no -1622-LEI-4,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1622-vitality-4,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1622-LEI-2,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1622-vitality-2,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +1622-LEI-3,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1570,no +1622-vitality-3,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1570,no +1622-LEI-4,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1622-vitality-4,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1622-LEI-5,1622,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1622-vitality-5,1622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1623-context-1,1623,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Bantawa is a neighboring dominant language, and Nepali is the national language.",bib2182,no -1623-context-2,1623,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4972,yes -1623-location-1,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Chintang VDC of Dhankuta district, Sgarmatha zone, Eastern Nepal region""}",,,bib2182,no -1623-location-2,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Chintang VDC (Village Development Committee) of Dhankuta district.""}",,,bib4972,yes +1623-context-1,1623,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Bantawa is a neighboring dominant language, and Nepali is the national language.",bib2195,no +1623-context-2,1623,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4994,yes +1623-location-1,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Chintang VDC of Dhankuta district, Sgarmatha zone, Eastern Nepal region""}",,,bib2195,no +1623-location-2,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Chintang VDC (Village Development Committee) of Dhankuta district.""}",,,bib4994,yes 1623-location-3,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -1623-location-4,1623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9367, 87.1991]]}",,,bib5307,no -1623-location-5,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Dhankuta district""], ""Description"": ""Two villages in district.""}",,,bib8242,no -1623-speaker_number-1,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2182,no -1623-speakers-1,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2182,no -1623-speaker_number-2,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4972,yes -1623-speakers-2,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""> 3000""}",,,bib4972,yes +1623-location-4,1623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9367, 87.1991]]}",,,bib5330,no +1623-location-5,1623,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Dhankuta district""], ""Description"": ""Two villages in district.""}",,,bib8267,no +1623-speaker_number-1,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2195,no +1623-speakers-1,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2195,no +1623-speaker_number-2,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4994,yes +1623-speakers-2,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""> 3000""}",,,bib4994,yes 1623-speaker_number-3,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1623-speakers-3,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1623-speaker_number-4,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1623-speakers-4,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1623-speaker_number-4,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1623-speakers-4,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1623-speaker_number-5,1623,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1623-speakers-5,1623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1623-LEI-1,1623,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2182,no -1623-speaker_number_trends-1,1623,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib2182,no -1623-vitality-1,1623,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2182,no -1623-LEI-2,1623,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4972,yes -1623-speaker_number_trends-2,1623,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib4972,yes -1623-vitality-2,1623,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4972,yes +1623-LEI-1,1623,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2195,no +1623-speaker_number_trends-1,1623,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib2195,no +1623-vitality-1,1623,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2195,no +1623-LEI-2,1623,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4994,yes +1623-speaker_number_trends-2,1623,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib4994,yes +1623-vitality-2,1623,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4994,yes 1623-LEI-3,1623,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1623-vitality-3,1623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1623-LEI-4,1623,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1623-vitality-4,1623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1623-LEI-4,1623,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1623-vitality-4,1623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1623-LEI-5,1623,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1623-vitality-5,1623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1624-context-1,1624,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Chiru people maintain their culture and traditional lifestyle, family structure, child-naming, marriage, clothing, etc.""}",,"Due to distances between the 12 Chiru villages, each community has more interaction with neighboring language communities than with each other.",bib620,yes +1624-context-1,1624,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Chiru people maintain their culture and traditional lifestyle, family structure, child-naming, marriage, clothing, etc.""}",,"Due to distances between the 12 Chiru villages, each community has more interaction with neighboring language communities than with each other.",bib623,yes 1624-context-3,1624,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Meitei"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognised tribal language of Manipur"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Educated youth are more interested in developing L1 and preserving culture than elders. Mixed attitudes among the community.""}",,,bib67,no -1624-location-1,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur district. Villages are located on hills overlooking the central plain of Manipur. Nungsai Chiru, a Chiru village, is located a few kilometers to the west of Bishenpur town, about 30 kilometers south-west of Imphal."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.636, 93.718]]}",,,bib510,no -1624-location-2,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""12 villages in Kangpokpi, Noney and Churachandpur districts of Manipur"", ""1 village in Cachar District of Assam, Northeast India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.0918, 93.5837], [24.2042, 93.4211], [24.4444, 92.5008]]}",,,bib620,yes -1624-location-3,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Manipur state""]}",,,bib7525,no +1624-location-1,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur district. Villages are located on hills overlooking the central plain of Manipur. Nungsai Chiru, a Chiru village, is located a few kilometers to the west of Bishenpur town, about 30 kilometers south-west of Imphal."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.636, 93.718]]}",,,bib513,no +1624-location-2,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""12 villages in Kangpokpi, Noney and Churachandpur districts of Manipur"", ""1 village in Cachar District of Assam, Northeast India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.0918, 93.5837], [24.2042, 93.4211], [24.4444, 92.5008]]}",,,bib623,yes +1624-location-3,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Manipur state""]}",,,bib7550,no 1624-location-4,1624,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.8, 93.6]]}",,,bib67,no -1624-speaker_number-1,1624,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib620,yes -1624-speakers-1,1624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,599"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 Indian census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib620,yes +1624-speaker_number-1,1624,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib623,yes +1624-speakers-1,1624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,599"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 Indian census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib623,yes 1624-speaker_number-2,1624,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Khorong (2000).,bib67,no 1624-speakers-2,1624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Khorong (2000).,bib67,no -1624-LEI-1,1624,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib620,yes -1624-domains_of_use-1,1624,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib620,yes -1624-speaker_number_trends-1,1624,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib620,yes -1624-vitality-1,1624,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib620,yes +1624-LEI-1,1624,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib623,yes +1624-domains_of_use-1,1624,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib623,yes +1624-speaker_number_trends-1,1624,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib623,yes +1624-vitality-1,1624,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib623,yes 1624-LEI-2,1624,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1624-vitality-2,1624,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1626-context-1,1626,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha""}",,Being assimilated to Dzongkha,bib8246,yes -1626-location-1,1626,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Monggar and Lhuntsi districts""}",,,bib8246,yes -1626-location-2,1626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4107, 91.2277]]}",,,bib5307,no +1626-context-1,1626,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha""}",,Being assimilated to Dzongkha,bib8271,yes +1626-location-1,1626,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Monggar and Lhuntsi districts""}",,,bib8271,yes +1626-location-2,1626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4107, 91.2277]]}",,,bib5330,no 1626-location-3,1626,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -1626-speaker_number-1,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -1626-speakers-1,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -1626-speaker_number-2,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1626-speakers-2,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1626-speaker_number-1,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +1626-speakers-1,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +1626-speaker_number-2,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1626-speakers-2,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1626-speaker_number-3,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1626-speakers-3,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1626-speaker_number-4,1626,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no 1626-speakers-4,1626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no -1626-LEI-1,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -1626-vitality-1,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -1626-LEI-2,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1626-vitality-2,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1626-LEI-1,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +1626-vitality-1,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +1626-LEI-2,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1626-vitality-2,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1626-LEI-3,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1626-vitality-3,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1626-LEI-4,1626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1626-vitality-4,1626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1627-context-1,1627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Bengali""}",,Shifting to Assamese and Bengali,bib7525,yes -1627-location-1,1627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur, Assam, and Tripura states"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 93.0]]}",,,bib7525,yes -1627-LEI-1,1627,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1627-speaker_number_trends-1,1627,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7525,yes -1627-vitality-1,1627,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -1628-location-1,1628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.1835, 76.5747]]}",,,bib5307,no -1628-location-2,1628,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Himachal Pradesh, Chamba districts""]}",,,bib7525,yes +1627-context-1,1627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Bengali""}",,Shifting to Assamese and Bengali,bib7550,yes +1627-location-1,1627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur, Assam, and Tripura states"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 93.0]]}",,,bib7550,yes +1627-LEI-1,1627,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1627-speaker_number_trends-1,1627,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7550,yes +1627-vitality-1,1627,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +1628-location-1,1628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.1835, 76.5747]]}",,,bib5330,no +1628-location-2,1628,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Himachal Pradesh, Chamba districts""]}",,,bib7550,yes 1628-location-3,1628,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1628-speaker_number-1,1628,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1628-speakers-1,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,199"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1628-speaker_number-2,1628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Census figure,bib7525,yes -1628-speakers-2,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,552"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Census figure,bib7525,yes +1628-speaker_number-1,1628,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1628-speakers-1,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,199"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1628-speaker_number-2,1628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Census figure,bib7550,yes +1628-speakers-2,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,552"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Census figure,bib7550,yes 1628-speaker_number-3,1628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1628-speakers-3,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,552"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1628-speaker_number-4,1628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1991 census.,bib67,no 1628-speakers-4,1628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""111,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1991 census.,bib67,no -1628-LEI-1,1628,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1628-vitality-1,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1628-LEI-2,1628,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -1628-vitality-2,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes +1628-LEI-1,1628,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1628-vitality-1,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1628-LEI-2,1628,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +1628-vitality-2,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes 1628-LEI-3,1628,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1628-vitality-3,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1628-LEI-4,1628,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1628-vitality-4,1628,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1629-location-1,1629,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas, Juruá, Jutaí and Purus rivers area.",bib68,no -1629-location-2,1629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8828, -66.9726]]}",,,bib5307,no -1629-location-3,1629,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas States""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Juru\u00e1, Juta\u00ed and Purus\nrivers area, Terra Ind\u00edgena Zuruaha""}",,,bib1903,no -1629-location-4,1629,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1629-location-2,1629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8828, -66.9726]]}",,,bib5330,no +1629-location-3,1629,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas States""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Juru\u00e1, Juta\u00ed and Purus\nrivers area, Terra Ind\u00edgena Zuruaha""}",,,bib1915,no +1629-location-4,1629,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1629-speaker_number-1,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"140 monolinguals (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1629-speakers-1,1629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"140 monolinguals (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no -1629-speaker_number-2,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1629-speakers-2,1629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1629-speaker_number-3,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,They are still monolinguals. Zuruahã were contacted in 1980,bib1903,no -1629-speakers-3,1629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""143"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""143"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,They are still monolinguals. Zuruahã were contacted in 1980,bib1903,no -1629-speaker_number-4,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1629-speakers-4,1629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""136"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1629-speaker_number-2,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1629-speakers-2,1629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1629-speaker_number-3,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,They are still monolinguals. Zuruahã were contacted in 1980,bib1915,no +1629-speakers-3,1629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""143"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""143"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,They are still monolinguals. Zuruahã were contacted in 1980,bib1915,no +1629-speaker_number-4,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1629-speakers-4,1629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""136"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1629-speaker_number-5,1629,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1629-speakers-5,1629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1629-LEI-1,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous,bib68,no 1629-vitality-1,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous,bib68,no -1629-LEI-2,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1629-vitality-2,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1629-LEI-3,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1629-vitality-3,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1629-LEI-4,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1629-vitality-4,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1629-LEI-2,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1629-vitality-2,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1629-LEI-3,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1629-vitality-3,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1629-LEI-4,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1629-vitality-4,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1629-LEI-5,1629,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1629-vitality-5,1629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1630-location-1,1630,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1630-location-2,1630,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Aripuan\u00e3 area. Terra Ind\u00edgena Zor\u00f3"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.173, -59.456]]}",,,bib1903,no -1630-speaker_number-1,1630,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1630-speakers-1,1630,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""599"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""599"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -1630-speaker_number-2,1630,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to Crevels (2007), although Zoró, Gavião and Cinta Larga are dialects of the same language (Cinta-Larga), each of these groups sees itself as distinct from the others.",bib1903,no -1630-speakers-2,1630,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""414"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""414"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to Crevels (2007), although Zoró, Gavião and Cinta Larga are dialects of the same language (Cinta-Larga), each of these groups sees itself as distinct from the others.",bib1903,no -1630-LEI-1,1630,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1630-vitality-1,1630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1630-LEI-2,1630,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1630-vitality-2,1630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1632-context-1,1632,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portguguese"", ""Government Support"": ""The Brazilian government has designated an area Terra Ind\u00edgena Zo\u2019\u00e9"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Zo\u2019\u00e9 people have a strong sense of identity""}",,The FUNAI (The National Indian Foundation) restricts access to the Zo’é people.,bib5538,yes +1630-location-1,1630,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1630-location-2,1630,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Aripuan\u00e3 area. Terra Ind\u00edgena Zor\u00f3"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.173, -59.456]]}",,,bib1915,no +1630-speaker_number-1,1630,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1630-speakers-1,1630,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""599"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""599"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +1630-speaker_number-2,1630,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to Crevels (2007), although Zoró, Gavião and Cinta Larga are dialects of the same language (Cinta-Larga), each of these groups sees itself as distinct from the others.",bib1915,no +1630-speakers-2,1630,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""414"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""414"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to Crevels (2007), although Zoró, Gavião and Cinta Larga are dialects of the same language (Cinta-Larga), each of these groups sees itself as distinct from the others.",bib1915,no +1630-LEI-1,1630,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1630-vitality-1,1630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1630-LEI-2,1630,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1630-vitality-2,1630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1632-context-1,1632,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portguguese"", ""Government Support"": ""The Brazilian government has designated an area Terra Ind\u00edgena Zo\u2019\u00e9"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Zo\u2019\u00e9 people have a strong sense of identity""}",,The FUNAI (The National Indian Foundation) restricts access to the Zo’é people.,bib5562,yes 1632-location-1,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Para State, Obidos municipality, Cuminapanema River.",bib67,no -1632-location-2,1632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.7909, -57.1289]]}",,,bib5307,no -1632-location-3,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state""], ""Description"": ""between the Cuminapanema and Erepecuru rivers, Oriximina Municipality, Terra Ind\u00edgena Cuminapanema/Urukuriana""}",,,bib1903,no -1632-location-4,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -1632-location-5,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Speakers live in the municipality of \u00d3bidos, State of Par\u00e1, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.089888, -55.785014]]}",,,bib5538,yes +1632-location-2,1632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.7909, -57.1289]]}",,,bib5330,no +1632-location-3,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state""], ""Description"": ""between the Cuminapanema and Erepecuru rivers, Oriximina Municipality, Terra Ind\u00edgena Cuminapanema/Urukuriana""}",,,bib1915,no +1632-location-4,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +1632-location-5,1632,location,"{""Places"": [""Speakers live in the municipality of \u00d3bidos, State of Par\u00e1, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-0.089888, -55.785014]]}",,,bib5562,yes 1632-speaker_number-1,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data on speaker number: (1998 ISA) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1632-speakers-1,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data on speaker number: (1998 ISA) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1632-speaker_number-2,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1632-speakers-2,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""177"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1632-speaker_number-3,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1997, all Zo’é were still monolingual speakers of their native language. Now that the Zo’é have definitively come out of isolation, the language is seriously endangered.",bib1903,no -1632-speakers-3,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""152"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""152"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1997, all Zo’é were still monolingual speakers of their native language. Now that the Zo’é have definitively come out of isolation, the language is seriously endangered.",bib1903,no +1632-speaker_number-2,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1632-speakers-2,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""177"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1632-speaker_number-3,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1997, all Zo’é were still monolingual speakers of their native language. Now that the Zo’é have definitively come out of isolation, the language is seriously endangered.",bib1915,no +1632-speakers-3,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""152"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""152"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1997, all Zo’é were still monolingual speakers of their native language. Now that the Zo’é have definitively come out of isolation, the language is seriously endangered.",bib1915,no 1632-speaker_number-4,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1632-speakers-4,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1632-speaker_number-5,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8132,no -1632-speakers-5,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""221"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8132,no -1632-speaker_number-6,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -1632-speakers-6,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""177"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""177"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -1632-speaker_number-7,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5538,yes -1632-speakers-7,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5538,yes +1632-speaker_number-5,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8157,no +1632-speakers-5,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""221"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8157,no +1632-speaker_number-6,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +1632-speakers-6,1632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""177"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""177"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +1632-speaker_number-7,1632,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5562,yes +1632-speakers-7,1632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5562,yes 1632-LEI-1,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1632-vitality-1,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1632-LEI-2,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1632-vitality-2,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1632-LEI-3,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1632-vitality-3,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1632-LEI-2,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1632-vitality-2,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1632-LEI-3,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1632-vitality-3,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1632-LEI-4,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1632-vitality-4,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1632-LEI-5,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1632-vitality-5,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1632-LEI-6,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1632-vitality-6,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1632-LEI-7,1632,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5538,yes -1632-speaker_number_trends-7,1632,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5538,yes -1632-vitality-7,1632,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5538,yes +1632-LEI-5,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1632-vitality-5,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1632-LEI-6,1632,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1632-vitality-6,1632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1632-LEI-7,1632,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5562,yes +1632-speaker_number_trends-7,1632,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5562,yes +1632-vitality-7,1632,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5562,yes 1634-location-1,1634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5833333333, -65.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1634-location-2,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Beni and Cochabamba departments, primarily along Chapare River""}",,,bib67,no -1634-location-3,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib8253,no -1634-location-4,1634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6888, -65.4345]]}",,,bib5307,no -1634-location-5,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Cochabamba, provinces of Chapare and Carrasco; Department of Beni, Province of Moxos; Department of Santa Cruz, Province of Ichilo""}",,,bib1903,no -1634-location-6,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia/ Oriente)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1634-location-3,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib8278,no +1634-location-4,1634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6888, -65.4345]]}",,,bib5330,no +1634-location-5,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Cochabamba, provinces of Chapare and Carrasco; Department of Beni, Province of Moxos; Department of Santa Cruz, Province of Ichilo""}",,,bib1915,no +1634-location-6,1634,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia/ Oriente)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1634-speaker_number-1,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data on speaker number: (Adelaar 2000). 2,680 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 3,300 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 1634-speakers-1,1634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,333"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data on speaker number: (Adelaar 2000). 2,680 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 3,300 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -1634-speaker_number-2,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8253,no -1634-speakers-2,1634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""The estimates of the number of Yukar\u00e9 Indians have varied considerably over the years. Estimates divers from 200 ... to 2751 ... Adelaar (1991:57) estimates 500-2500. The most recent data come from the census held in 2003 where the number of 1399 Yurakar\u00e9 is given. This number referss not to speakers, but to members, 15 years and older ... the total number is probably bigger, however, since the 2003 census did not reach all communities (Mily Crevels, p.c.) (p.1)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8253,no -1634-speaker_number-3,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1634-speakers-3,1634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1634-speaker_number-2,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8278,no +1634-speakers-2,1634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""The estimates of the number of Yukar\u00e9 Indians have varied considerably over the years. Estimates divers from 200 ... to 2751 ... Adelaar (1991:57) estimates 500-2500. The most recent data come from the census held in 2003 where the number of 1399 Yurakar\u00e9 is given. This number referss not to speakers, but to members, 15 years and older ... the total number is probably bigger, however, since the 2003 census did not reach all communities (Mily Crevels, p.c.) (p.1)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8278,no +1634-speaker_number-3,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1634-speakers-3,1634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1634-speaker_number-4,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The language is to be considered endangered, since most speakers are -over twenty-five years old.",bib1903,no +over twenty-five years old.",bib1915,no 1634-speakers-4,1634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,670"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The language is to be considered endangered, since most speakers are -over twenty-five years old.",bib1903,no +over twenty-five years old.",bib1915,no 1634-speaker_number-5,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1634-speakers-5,1634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1634-speaker_number-6,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1634-speakers-6,1634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,829"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,809"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1634-speaker_number-6,1634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1634-speakers-6,1634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,829"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,809"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1634-LEI-1,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1634-vitality-1,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1634-LEI-2,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8253,no -1634-vitality-2,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8253,no -1634-LEI-3,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1634-vitality-3,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1634-LEI-4,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1634-vitality-4,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1634-LEI-2,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8278,no +1634-vitality-2,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8278,no +1634-LEI-3,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1634-vitality-3,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1634-LEI-4,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1634-vitality-4,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1634-LEI-5,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1634-vitality-5,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1634-LEI-6,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1634-vitality-6,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1635-location-1,1635,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +1634-LEI-6,1634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1634-vitality-6,1634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1635-location-1,1635,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 1635-location-2,1635,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.75, -71.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1635-location-3,1635,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1635-location-3,1635,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1635-location-4,1635,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas Department, Puerto Santander municipality, 3 enclaves; Mirití-Paraná, La Pedrera on lower Caquetá, Ararcuara, Leticia; part of westernmost enclave in Caqueta Department.",bib67,no 1635-speaker_number-1,1635,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1635-speakers-1,1635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1635-speaker_number-2,1635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000-2,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 550; Censo 2005: 396.",bib6064,no -1635-speakers-2,1635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000-2,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 550; Censo 2005: 396.",bib6064,no -1635-speaker_number-3,1635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1635-speakers-3,1635,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""770"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1635-speaker_number-2,1635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000-2,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 550; Censo 2005: 396.",bib6088,no +1635-speakers-2,1635,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000-2,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 550; Censo 2005: 396.",bib6088,no +1635-speaker_number-3,1635,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1635-speakers-3,1635,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""770"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1635-speaker_number-4,1635,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (SIL 2001). 10 to 20 monolinguals. 1,800 (2001 SIL). 10 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,800 (2013, no change).",bib67,no @@ -12247,168 +12309,168 @@ over twenty-five years old.",bib1903,no 1,800 (2001 SIL). 10 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,800 (2013, no change).",bib67,no 1635-LEI-1,1635,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1635-vitality-1,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1635-LEI-2,1635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -1635-vitality-2,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -1635-LEI-3,1635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1635-vitality-3,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1635-LEI-2,1635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +1635-vitality-2,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +1635-LEI-3,1635,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1635-vitality-3,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1635-LEI-4,1635,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All domains.,bib67,no 1635-vitality-4,1635,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. All domains.,bib67,no 1636-context-1,1636,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ash\u00e1ninka [cni], Matsigenka [mcb], Spanish [spa]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib70,no -1636-location-1,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Unine, Las Piedras, Acre, Pur\u00fas, Manu, and Madre de Dios rivers, in the departments of Ucayali, Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1636-location-1,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Unine, Las Piedras, Acre, Pur\u00fas, Manu, and Madre de Dios rivers, in the departments of Ucayali, Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1636-location-2,1636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.0, -73.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1636-location-3,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.""}",,"Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.",bib67,no 1636-location-4,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Cuzco, Junin, and Ucayali regions; Conatmana and Pucallpa, Ucayali river, east central Urubamba River area.",bib70,no -1636-location-5,1636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4584, -73.0261]]}",,,bib5307,no -1636-location-6,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Southeast, Department of Ucayali:\non the mouth of the Cushabatay River (tributary of the Ucayali); departments of Ucayali and Cuzco: Urubamba River (especially the lower zone), Manu River (tributaries on the right), the Upper Madre de Dios in the area of the mouth of the Manu River; Department of Madre de Dios: Acre River.""}",,,bib1903,no -1636-location-7,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1636-location-5,1636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4584, -73.0261]]}",,,bib5330,no +1636-location-6,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Southeast, Department of Ucayali:\non the mouth of the Cushabatay River (tributary of the Ucayali); departments of Ucayali and Cuzco: Urubamba River (especially the lower zone), Manu River (tributaries on the right), the Upper Madre de Dios in the area of the mouth of the Manu River; Department of Madre de Dios: Acre River.""}",,,bib1915,no +1636-location-7,1636,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1636-speaker_number-1,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Yine [pib]: 4,000 (2000 SIL), increasing.",bib67,no 1636-speakers-1,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Yine [pib]: 4,000 (2000 SIL), increasing.",bib67,no 1636-speaker_number-2,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 1636-speakers-2,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -1636-speaker_number-3,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1636-speakers-3,1636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1636-speaker_number-4,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River.,bib1903,no -1636-speakers-4,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,150\u20133,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150-3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River.,bib1903,no +1636-speaker_number-3,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1636-speakers-3,1636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1636-speaker_number-4,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River.,bib1915,no +1636-speakers-4,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,150\u20133,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,150-3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River.,bib1915,no 1636-speaker_number-5,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1636-speakers-5,1636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1636-speaker_number-6,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).",bib1902,yes -1636-speakers-6,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,490"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).",bib1902,yes +1636-speaker_number-6,1636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).",bib1914,yes +1636-speakers-6,1636,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,490"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).",bib1914,yes 1636-LEI-1,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1636-vitality-1,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1636-LEI-2,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1636-vitality-2,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1636-LEI-3,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1636-vitality-3,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1636-LEI-4,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1636-vitality-4,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1636-LEI-3,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1636-vitality-3,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1636-LEI-4,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1636-vitality-4,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1636-LEI-5,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1636-vitality-5,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1636-LEI-6,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1636-vitality-6,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1636-LEI-6,1636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1636-vitality-6,1636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1637-location-1,1637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, -65.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1637-location-2,1637,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Bolivar and Amazonas states, Brazilian border area on mid-Paragua, Caura, Erebato, upper Ventuari, upper Auaris, Matacuni, Cuntinamo, Padamo, and Cunucunuma rivers.",bib67,no -1637-location-3,1637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8501, -64.5117]]}",,,bib5307,no -1637-location-4,1637,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1903,no -1637-location-5,1637,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1637-location-3,1637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8501, -64.5117]]}",,,bib5330,no +1637-location-4,1637,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1915,no +1637-location-5,1637,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1637-speaker_number-1,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,520 in Venezuela (2001 census). 5,950 (2016).",bib67,no 1637-speakers-1,1637,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,523"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,520 in Venezuela (2001 census). 5,950 (2016).",bib67,no -1637-speaker_number-2,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1637-speakers-2,1637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1637-speaker_number-3,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"~ 430 speakers in Brazil; ~4,470 in Venezuela",bib1903,no -1637-speakers-3,1637,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"~ 430 speakers in Brazil; ~4,470 in Venezuela",bib1903,no +1637-speaker_number-2,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1637-speakers-2,1637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1637-speaker_number-3,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"~ 430 speakers in Brazil; ~4,470 in Venezuela",bib1915,no +1637-speakers-3,1637,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"~ 430 speakers in Brazil; ~4,470 in Venezuela",bib1915,no 1637-speaker_number-4,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1637-speakers-4,1637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1637-speaker_number-5,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil: 430 speakers and population (2006). Venezuela: 6,200 speakers, 6,523 population (2001).",bib1902,yes -1637-speakers-5,1637,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil, 2001 for Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil: 430 speakers and population (2006). Venezuela: 6,200 speakers, 6,523 population (2001).",bib1902,yes +1637-speaker_number-5,1637,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil: 430 speakers and population (2006). Venezuela: 6,200 speakers, 6,523 population (2001).",bib1914,yes +1637-speakers-5,1637,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil, 2001 for Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil: 430 speakers and population (2006). Venezuela: 6,200 speakers, 6,523 population (2001).",bib1914,yes 1637-LEI-1,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1637-vitality-1,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1637-LEI-2,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1637-vitality-2,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1637-LEI-3,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1637-vitality-3,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1637-LEI-2,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1637-vitality-2,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1637-LEI-3,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1637-vitality-3,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1637-LEI-4,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1637-vitality-4,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1637-LEI-5,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1637-vitality-5,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1639-location-1,1639,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1702, -53.3365]]}",,,bib5307,no -1639-location-2,1639,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state""], ""Description"": ""Parque Indigena do Xingu, on the Tuatuari River, a few kilometres to the south of Posto Leonardo Villas Boas""}",,,bib1903,yes +1637-LEI-5,1637,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1637-vitality-5,1637,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1639-location-1,1639,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1702, -53.3365]]}",,,bib5330,no +1639-location-2,1639,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state""], ""Description"": ""Parque Indigena do Xingu, on the Tuatuari River, a few kilometres to the south of Posto Leonardo Villas Boas""}",,,bib1915,yes 1639-location-3,1639,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Xingu, Brazil""]}",,"""With the Mehinako and Waurá languages, the Yawalapíti language forms a small group of Aruák languages in the Upper Xingu region. The sister languages closest to this small group are the languages spoken by the Enawenê-Nawê and Pareci peoples, located to the northwest of the Xingu Indigenous Park, and by the Teréna and Kinikináw, located to the southwest of this indigenous park."" -""[A língua Yawalapíti forma com as línguas Mehináko e Waurá um pequeno conjunto de línguas Aruák na região do Alto Xingu. As línguas irmãs mais próximas desse pequeno conjunto são as línguas faladas pelos povos Enawenê-Nawê e Pareci, localizados ao noroeste do Parque Indígena do Xingu, e pelos Teréna e Kinikináw, localizados a sudoeste desse parque indígena.]",bib7976,no +""[A língua Yawalapíti forma com as línguas Mehináko e Waurá um pequeno conjunto de línguas Aruák na região do Alto Xingu. As línguas irmãs mais próximas desse pequeno conjunto são as línguas faladas pelos povos Enawenê-Nawê e Pareci, localizados ao noroeste do Parque Indígena do Xingu, e pelos Teréna e Kinikináw, localizados a sudoeste desse parque indígena.]",bib8001,no 1639-location-4,1639,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso, Xingú Park.",bib67,no -1639-speaker_number-1,1639,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1639-speakers-1,1639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1639-speaker_number-2,1639,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,yes -1639-speakers-2,1639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,yes +1639-speaker_number-1,1639,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1639-speakers-1,1639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1639-speaker_number-2,1639,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,yes +1639-speakers-2,1639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,yes 1639-speaker_number-3,1639,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Currently, the Yawalapíti language has only three full speakers [...]. The last women who speak the Yawalapíti language are Ñapirú, Arupy (Village Paluxaio), Sanain (Village Batuvi) and Ulé (Village Aturua), there are also two women who remember the Yawalapíti [...] and two men [...]. In addition to these people, three young women [...] have incipient knowledge of the language, and two men [...] are learning the language Yawalapíti with the elders. Only two children, one four years old and the other eight years old, are learning the Yawalapíti language."" -""[Atualmente, a língua Yawalapíti conta com apenas três falantes plenos, Waripirá (Aldeia Caramujo), Makawana e Makuku (Aldeia Yawalapíti). As últimas mulheres falantes da língua Yawalapíti são Ñapirú, Arupy (Aldeia Paluxaio), Sanain (Aldeia Batuvi) e Ulé (Aldeia Aturua), e há ainda duas mulheres lembradoras do Yawalapíti [...] e dois homens [...]. Além dessas pessoas, três jovens mulheres [...] têm conhecimento incipiente da língua, e dois homens [...] estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti com os mais velhos. Apenas duas crianças, uma de quatro anos e outra de oito anos, estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti.",bib7976,no +""[Atualmente, a língua Yawalapíti conta com apenas três falantes plenos, Waripirá (Aldeia Caramujo), Makawana e Makuku (Aldeia Yawalapíti). As últimas mulheres falantes da língua Yawalapíti são Ñapirú, Arupy (Aldeia Paluxaio), Sanain (Aldeia Batuvi) e Ulé (Aldeia Aturua), e há ainda duas mulheres lembradoras do Yawalapíti [...] e dois homens [...]. Além dessas pessoas, três jovens mulheres [...] têm conhecimento incipiente da língua, e dois homens [...] estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti com os mais velhos. Apenas duas crianças, uma de quatro anos e outra de oito anos, estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti.",bib8001,no 1639-speakers-3,1639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""9"", ""Elders"": ""3"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2""}",,"Currently, the Yawalapíti language has only three full speakers [...]. The last women who speak the Yawalapíti language are Ñapirú, Arupy (Village Paluxaio), Sanain (Village Batuvi) and Ulé (Village Aturua), there are also two women who remember the Yawalapíti [...] and two men [...]. In addition to these people, three young women [...] have incipient knowledge of the language, and two men [...] are learning the language Yawalapíti with the elders. Only two children, one four years old and the other eight years old, are learning the Yawalapíti language."" -""[Atualmente, a língua Yawalapíti conta com apenas três falantes plenos, Waripirá (Aldeia Caramujo), Makawana e Makuku (Aldeia Yawalapíti). As últimas mulheres falantes da língua Yawalapíti são Ñapirú, Arupy (Aldeia Paluxaio), Sanain (Aldeia Batuvi) e Ulé (Aldeia Aturua), e há ainda duas mulheres lembradoras do Yawalapíti [...] e dois homens [...]. Além dessas pessoas, três jovens mulheres [...] têm conhecimento incipiente da língua, e dois homens [...] estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti com os mais velhos. Apenas duas crianças, uma de quatro anos e outra de oito anos, estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti.",bib7976,no +""[Atualmente, a língua Yawalapíti conta com apenas três falantes plenos, Waripirá (Aldeia Caramujo), Makawana e Makuku (Aldeia Yawalapíti). As últimas mulheres falantes da língua Yawalapíti são Ñapirú, Arupy (Aldeia Paluxaio), Sanain (Aldeia Batuvi) e Ulé (Aldeia Aturua), e há ainda duas mulheres lembradoras do Yawalapíti [...] e dois homens [...]. Além dessas pessoas, três jovens mulheres [...] têm conhecimento incipiente da língua, e dois homens [...] estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti com os mais velhos. Apenas duas crianças, uma de quatro anos e outra de oito anos, estão aprendendo a língua Yawalapíti.",bib8001,no 1639-speaker_number-4,1639,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,8 (2016).,bib67,no 1639-speakers-4,1639,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,8 (2016).,bib67,no -1639-LEI-1,1639,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1639-vitality-1,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1639-LEI-2,1639,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -1639-vitality-2,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes -1639-LEI-3,1639,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7976,no -1639-vitality-3,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7976,no +1639-LEI-1,1639,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1639-vitality-1,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1639-LEI-2,1639,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +1639-vitality-2,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes +1639-LEI-3,1639,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8001,no +1639-vitality-3,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8001,no 1639-LEI-4,1639,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1639-vitality-4,1639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1640-context-1,1640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib8299,yes -1640-location-1,1640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.800281, -68.084219]]}",,,bib7945,no -1640-location-2,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Hablada anteriormente en peque\u00f1as poblaciones de la cuenca del r\u00edo Atabapo.\n\n[Formerly spoken in small towns in the Atabapo River Basin.]""}",,,bib8299,yes +1640-context-1,1640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib8324,yes +1640-location-1,1640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.800281, -68.084219]]}",,,bib7970,no +1640-location-2,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Hablada anteriormente en peque\u00f1as poblaciones de la cuenca del r\u00edo Atabapo.\n\n[Formerly spoken in small towns in the Atabapo River Basin.]""}",,,bib8324,yes 1640-location-3,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Yavita region.""}",,,bib69,no -1640-location-4,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no -1640-location-5,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Yavita region""]}",,,bib1903,no -1640-speakers-1,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Actualmente es una lengua extinta. [Currently it is an extinct language.],bib8299,yes +1640-location-4,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no +1640-location-5,1640,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Yavita region""]}",,,bib1915,no +1640-speakers-1,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Actualmente es una lengua extinta. [Currently it is an extinct language.],bib8324,yes 1640-speaker_number-2,1640,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Crevels),bib69,no 1640-speakers-2,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Crevels),bib69,no -1640-speaker_number-3,1640,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Yavitero is possibly extinct with only one known elderly female speaker earlier (Mosonyi and Mosonyi 2000). It is not clear how many persons are still left in the ethnic group, which suffered from violent extermination practices in the 1930s.",bib1902,no -1640-speakers-3,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Yavitero is possibly extinct with only one known elderly female speaker earlier (Mosonyi and Mosonyi 2000). It is not clear how many persons are still left in the ethnic group, which suffered from violent extermination practices in the 1930s.",bib1902,no -1640-speaker_number-4,1640,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Yavitero language is practically extinct with only one known elderly female speaker (Mosonyi & Mosonyi 2000).,bib1903,no -1640-speakers-4,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The Yavitero language is practically extinct with only one known elderly female speaker (Mosonyi & Mosonyi 2000).,bib1903,no -1640-LEI-1,1640,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct,bib8299,yes -1640-vitality-1,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct,bib8299,yes +1640-speaker_number-3,1640,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Yavitero is possibly extinct with only one known elderly female speaker earlier (Mosonyi and Mosonyi 2000). It is not clear how many persons are still left in the ethnic group, which suffered from violent extermination practices in the 1930s.",bib1914,no +1640-speakers-3,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Yavitero is possibly extinct with only one known elderly female speaker earlier (Mosonyi and Mosonyi 2000). It is not clear how many persons are still left in the ethnic group, which suffered from violent extermination practices in the 1930s.",bib1914,no +1640-speaker_number-4,1640,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The Yavitero language is practically extinct with only one known elderly female speaker (Mosonyi & Mosonyi 2000).,bib1915,no +1640-speakers-4,1640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The Yavitero language is practically extinct with only one known elderly female speaker (Mosonyi & Mosonyi 2000).,bib1915,no +1640-LEI-1,1640,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct,bib8324,yes +1640-vitality-1,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct,bib8324,yes 1640-LEI-2,1640,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,1 speaker,bib69,no 1640-transmission-2,1640,transmission,5,transmission-5,1 speaker,bib69,no 1640-speaker_number_trends-2,1640,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,1 speaker,bib69,no 1640-vitality-2,1640,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,1 speaker,bib69,no -1640-LEI-3,1640,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1640-vitality-3,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1640-LEI-4,1640,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1640-vitality-4,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1641-location-1,1641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.174089, -70.464358]]}",,,bib7945,no -1641-location-2,1641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib535,yes -1641-location-3,1641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +1640-LEI-3,1640,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1640-vitality-3,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1640-LEI-4,1640,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1640-vitality-4,1640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1641-location-1,1641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.174089, -70.464358]]}",,,bib7970,no +1641-location-2,1641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib538,yes +1641-location-3,1641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 1641-location-4,1641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas Department, on the Apaporis and Mirití rivers.",bib67,no -1641-speakers-1,1641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,Extinct during the 20th Century (p. 38 ).,bib535,yes -1641-speaker_number-2,1641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -1641-speakers-2,1641,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""103"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~103"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +1641-speakers-1,1641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,Extinct during the 20th Century (p. 38 ).,bib538,yes +1641-speaker_number-2,1641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +1641-speakers-2,1641,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""103"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~103"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 1641-speakers-3,1641,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<23"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"No known speakers. Fewer than 23 in ethnic group, fewer than 20 on Umana River, 3 on Apaporis River (1988). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 95 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1641-LEI-1,1641,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct,bib535,yes -1641-vitality-1,1641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct,bib535,yes -1641-LEI-2,1641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1641-vitality-2,1641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1641-LEI-1,1641,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct,bib538,yes +1641-vitality-1,1641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct,bib538,yes +1641-LEI-2,1641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1641-vitality-2,1641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1641-LEI-3,1641,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 1641-vitality-3,1641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 1642-location-1,1642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, -37.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1642-location-2,1642,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Pernambuco State, Sertão, Águas Belas municipality, 2 villages; some in Alagoas State.",bib67,no -1642-location-3,1642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0136, -37.0458]]}",,,bib5307,no -1642-location-4,1642,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no -1642-location-5,1642,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1642-location-3,1642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0136, -37.0458]]}",,,bib5330,no +1642-location-4,1642,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no +1642-location-5,1642,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1642-speaker_number-1,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2016, no change).",bib67,no 1642-speakers-1,1642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2016, no change).",bib67,no -1642-speaker_number-2,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1642-speakers-2,1642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1642-speaker_number-2,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1642-speakers-2,1642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1642-speaker_number-3,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1642-speakers-3,1642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,788"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1642-speaker_number-4,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8132,no -1642-speakers-4,1642,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,682"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,998"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8132,no -1642-speaker_number-5,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1642-speakers-5,1642,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1642-speaker_number-4,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8157,no +1642-speakers-4,1642,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,682"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,998"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8157,no +1642-speaker_number-5,1642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1642-speakers-5,1642,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1642-LEI-1,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Adult Fulniô still speak their mother tongue, Yatê children prefer to speak Portuguese [por] (Crevels 2007). All Fulniô also use Portuguese [por] (Crevels 2007).",bib67,no 1642-vitality-1,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Adult Fulniô still speak their mother tongue, Yatê children prefer to speak Portuguese [por] (Crevels 2007). All Fulniô also use Portuguese [por] (Crevels 2007).",bib67,no -1642-LEI-2,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1642-vitality-2,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1642-LEI-2,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1642-vitality-2,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1642-LEI-3,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1642-vitality-3,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1642-LEI-4,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1642-vitality-4,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1642-LEI-5,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1642-vitality-5,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1644-location-1,1644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.7518, -68.247]]}",,,bib5307,no +1642-LEI-4,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1642-vitality-4,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1642-LEI-5,1642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1642-vitality-5,1642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1644-location-1,1644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.7518, -68.247]]}",,,bib5330,no 1644-location-2,1644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0, -68.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1644-location-3,1644,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1644-location-3,1644,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1644-location-4,1644,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas and Apure states, Orinoco, Sinaruco, Meta, and Apure rivers.""}",,"Amazonas and Apure states, Orinoco, Sinaruco, Meta, and Apure rivers.",bib67,no -1644-speaker_number-1,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1644-speakers-1,1644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1644-speaker_number-2,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1644-speakers-2,1644,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,222"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1644-speaker_number-1,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1644-speakers-1,1644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1644-speaker_number-2,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1644-speakers-2,1644,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,222"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1644-speaker_number-3,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1644-speakers-3,1644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,396"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1644-speaker_number-4,1644,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: 2001 census. @@ -12417,164 +12479,164 @@ No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 95 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 1644-speakers-4,1644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: 2001 census. 7,900 (2001 census). 590 urban, 7,310 rural (2013).",bib67,no -1644-LEI-1,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1644-vitality-1,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1644-LEI-2,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1644-vitality-2,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1644-LEI-1,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1644-vitality-1,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1644-LEI-2,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1644-vitality-2,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1644-LEI-3,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1644-vitality-3,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1644-LEI-4,1644,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1644-vitality-4,1644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1646-location-1,1646,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Palcaz\u00fa, Calcaz\u00fa, and Pachitea rivers, in the provinces of Puerto Inca (Hu\u00e1nuco Region), Oxapampa (Pasco Region), and Chanchamayo (Jun\u00edn Region), in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1646-location-1,1646,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Palcaz\u00fa, Calcaz\u00fa, and Pachitea rivers, in the provinces of Puerto Inca (Hu\u00e1nuco Region), Oxapampa (Pasco Region), and Chanchamayo (Jun\u00edn Region), in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1646-location-2,1646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5, -75.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1646-location-3,1646,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib67,yes -1646-location-4,1646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.3743, -75.2343]]}",,,bib5307,no -1646-location-5,1646,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Eastern foothills of the Andes, departments of Pasco and Junyn, headwaters of the Pachitea and Perene rivers""}",,,bib1903,no +1646-location-4,1646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.3743, -75.2343]]}",,,bib5330,no +1646-location-5,1646,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Eastern foothills of the Andes, departments of Pasco and Junyn, headwaters of the Pachitea and Perene rivers""}",,,bib1915,no 1646-speaker_number-1,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data from W. Adelaar (2000).,bib67,yes 1646-speakers-1,1646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,830\n(Unchanged 2016.)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data from W. Adelaar (2000).,bib67,yes -1646-speaker_number-2,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1646-speakers-2,1646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1646-speaker_number-3,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1646-speakers-3,1646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1646-speaker_number-2,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1646-speakers-2,1646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1646-speaker_number-3,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1646-speakers-3,1646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1646-speaker_number-4,1646,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1646-speakers-4,1646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,831"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1646-LEI-2,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1646-vitality-2,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -1646-LEI-3,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1646-vitality-3,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1646-LEI-4,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1646-vitality-4,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1646-LEI-3,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1646-vitality-3,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1646-LEI-4,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1646-vitality-4,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1646-LEI-5,1646,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1646-vitality-5,1646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1647-location-1,1647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-55.0, -68.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1647-location-2,1647,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""]}",,"Patagonia, Isla Navarino, Puerto Williams, Ukika hamlet.",bib67,no -1647-location-3,1647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-55.0028, -67.4615]]}",,,bib5307,no -1647-location-4,1647,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""]}",,,bib1902,no +1647-location-3,1647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-55.0028, -67.4615]]}",,,bib5330,no +1647-location-4,1647,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""]}",,,bib1914,no 1647-speaker_number-1,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Ethnic population data: (W. Adelaar 2000) (unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,no 1647-speakers-1,1647,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Ethnic population data: (W. Adelaar 2000) (unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,no -1647-speaker_number-2,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1647-speakers-2,1647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1647-speakers-3,1647,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2022""}",,"Cristina Calderón, the last known fluent speaker of Yagan, passed on February 16, 2022.",bib5259,yes +1647-speaker_number-2,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1647-speakers-2,1647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1647-speakers-3,1647,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2022""}",,"Cristina Calderón, the last known fluent speaker of Yagan, passed on February 16, 2022.",bib5282,yes 1647-speaker_number-4,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1647-speakers-4,1647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1647-speaker_number-5,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Today only one elderly female speaker of Yahgan remains in Villa Ukika on Isla Navarino.,bib1902,no -1647-speakers-5,1647,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,685 / 70"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Today only one elderly female speaker of Yahgan remains in Villa Ukika on Isla Navarino.,bib1902,no +1647-speaker_number-5,1647,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Today only one elderly female speaker of Yahgan remains in Villa Ukika on Isla Navarino.,bib1914,no +1647-speakers-5,1647,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,685 / 70"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Today only one elderly female speaker of Yahgan remains in Villa Ukika on Isla Navarino.,bib1914,no 1647-LEI-1,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1647-vitality-1,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1647-LEI-2,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1647-vitality-2,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1647-LEI-3,1647,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5259,yes -1647-vitality-3,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5259,yes +1647-LEI-2,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1647-vitality-2,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1647-LEI-3,1647,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5282,yes +1647-vitality-3,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5282,yes 1647-LEI-4,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1647-vitality-4,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1647-LEI-5,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1647-vitality-5,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1648-location-1,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Colombia"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Putumayo River in Amazonas, Peru (on the border with Colombia) and the Ampiyacu River in the province of Mariscal Ram\u00f3n Castilla, in the department of Loreto, Peru; there are also speakers, to a lesser extent, in Colombia and Brazil.""}",,,bib8124,no +1647-LEI-5,1647,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1647-vitality-5,1647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1648-location-1,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Colombia"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Putumayo River in Amazonas, Peru (on the border with Colombia) and the Ampiyacu River in the province of Mariscal Ram\u00f3n Castilla, in the department of Loreto, Peru; there are also speakers, to a lesser extent, in Colombia and Brazil.""}",,,bib8149,no 1648-location-2,1648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, -72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1648-location-3,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Peru""]}",,"Northeast Amazon River area, Loreto Region, from Iquitos to the border with Brazil.",bib67,no -1648-location-4,1648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3598, -72.3779]]}",,,bib5307,no -1648-location-5,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Peru, northeast, along the headwaters of the Amazon River from Iquitos up to the Brazilian border\n\nColombia, Department of Amazonas, on the Tucuchira River near Leticia.""}",,,bib1903,no -1648-location-6,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1648-location-4,1648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3598, -72.3779]]}",,,bib5330,no +1648-location-5,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Peru, northeast, along the headwaters of the Amazon River from Iquitos up to the Brazilian border\n\nColombia, Department of Amazonas, on the Tucuchira River near Leticia.""}",,,bib1915,no +1648-location-6,1648,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1648-speaker_number-1,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1648-speakers-1,1648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1648-speaker_number-2,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1648-speakers-2,1648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1648-speaker_number-3,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 speakers in Peru",bib1903,no -1648-speakers-3,1648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,295"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 speakers in Peru",bib1903,no +1648-speaker_number-2,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1648-speakers-2,1648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1648-speaker_number-3,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 speakers in Peru",bib1915,no +1648-speakers-3,1648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,295"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 speakers in Peru",bib1915,no 1648-speaker_number-4,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1648-speakers-4,1648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,692"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1648-speaker_number-5,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,297 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); 4000 speakers among an ethnic population of 5000 people in Peru.,bib1902,yes -1648-speakers-5,1648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,297"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,297"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,297 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); 4000 speakers among an ethnic population of 5000 people in Peru.,bib1902,yes -1648-LEI-1,1648,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8124,no -1648-transmission-1,1648,transmission,2,transmission-2,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8124,no -1648-vitality-1,1648,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8124,no +1648-speaker_number-5,1648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,297 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); 4000 speakers among an ethnic population of 5000 people in Peru.,bib1914,yes +1648-speakers-5,1648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,297"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,297"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,297 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); 4000 speakers among an ethnic population of 5000 people in Peru.,bib1914,yes +1648-LEI-1,1648,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8149,no +1648-transmission-1,1648,transmission,2,transmission-2,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8149,no +1648-vitality-1,1648,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is spoken mainly by adults and has lost speakers from one generation to another.,bib8149,no 1648-LEI-2,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children who live near big mixed villages usually no longer acquire Yagua, but those that live in more isolated areas still do (Crevels 2007). Many monolingual speakers in isolated areas. All domains. Some use in religious ceremonies and services. Neutral to negative attitudes. Most along main rivers prefer children learn Spanish [spa]. Also use Spanish [spa] (2013).",bib67,no 1648-vitality-2,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Children who live near big mixed villages usually no longer acquire Yagua, but those that live in more isolated areas still do (Crevels 2007). Many monolingual speakers in isolated areas. All domains. Some use in religious ceremonies and services. Neutral to negative attitudes. Most along main rivers prefer children learn Spanish [spa]. Also use Spanish [spa] (2013).",bib67,no -1648-LEI-3,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1648-vitality-3,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1648-LEI-4,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1648-vitality-4,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1648-LEI-3,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1648-vitality-3,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1648-LEI-4,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1648-vitality-4,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1648-LEI-5,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1648-vitality-5,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1648-LEI-6,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1648-vitality-6,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1649-context-1,1649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib2922,yes -1649-location-1,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib2922,yes +1648-LEI-6,1648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1648-vitality-6,1648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1649-context-1,1649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib2936,yes +1649-location-1,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib2936,yes 1649-location-2,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas, Manapiare River basin, above San Juan de Manapiare.""}",,"Amazonas, Manapiare River basin, above San Juan de Manapiare.",bib67,no -1649-location-3,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.3863, -66.0058]]}",,,bib5307,no -1649-location-4,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1903,no -1649-location-5,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no -1649-speaker_number-1,1649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Nobody knows how many Yawarana speakers there are: Migliazza (1980) said 42, Mattéi Muller (2003) said about 50, and the latest census (2011) shows that, of the 300 who identified as ethnic Yawarana, about half (150) also designated themselves as speakers. Of course, what this designation means to these ""speakers"" is not known. I would guess we have less than 50, and perhaps less than 25 fluent speakers. Mattéi-Muller knows one couple who still uses the language every day in their home, so there is still a chance that we could do some real documentation if someone moves fast.",bib2922,yes -1649-speakers-1,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Nobody knows how many Yawarana speakers there are: Migliazza (1980) said 42, Mattéi Muller (2003) said about 50, and the latest census (2011) shows that, of the 300 who identified as ethnic Yawarana, about half (150) also designated themselves as speakers. Of course, what this designation means to these ""speakers"" is not known. I would guess we have less than 50, and perhaps less than 25 fluent speakers. Mattéi-Muller knows one couple who still uses the language every day in their home, so there is still a chance that we could do some real documentation if someone moves fast.",bib2922,yes +1649-location-3,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.3863, -66.0058]]}",,,bib5330,no +1649-location-4,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1915,no +1649-location-5,1649,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no +1649-speaker_number-1,1649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Nobody knows how many Yawarana speakers there are: Migliazza (1980) said 42, Mattéi Muller (2003) said about 50, and the latest census (2011) shows that, of the 300 who identified as ethnic Yawarana, about half (150) also designated themselves as speakers. Of course, what this designation means to these ""speakers"" is not known. I would guess we have less than 50, and perhaps less than 25 fluent speakers. Mattéi-Muller knows one couple who still uses the language every day in their home, so there is still a chance that we could do some real documentation if someone moves fast.",bib2936,yes +1649-speakers-1,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Nobody knows how many Yawarana speakers there are: Migliazza (1980) said 42, Mattéi Muller (2003) said about 50, and the latest census (2011) shows that, of the 300 who identified as ethnic Yawarana, about half (150) also designated themselves as speakers. Of course, what this designation means to these ""speakers"" is not known. I would guess we have less than 50, and perhaps less than 25 fluent speakers. Mattéi-Muller knows one couple who still uses the language every day in their home, so there is still a chance that we could do some real documentation if someone moves fast.",bib2936,yes 1649-speaker_number-2,1649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (E. Migliazza 1977). 20 (1977 E. Migliazza); ethnic population: 320 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 1649-speakers-2,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (E. Migliazza 1977). 20 (1977 E. Migliazza); ethnic population: 320 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1649-speaker_number-3,1649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1649-speakers-3,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1649-speakers-4,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Not known""}",,,bib1903,no +1649-speaker_number-3,1649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1649-speakers-3,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1649-speakers-4,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Not known""}",,,bib1915,no 1649-speaker_number-5,1649,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1649-speakers-5,1649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1649-speaker_number-6,1649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -1649-speakers-6,1649,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""292"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""151"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -1649-LEI-1,1649,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2922,yes -1649-transmission-1,1649,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2922,yes -1649-domains_of_use-1,1649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2922,yes -1649-speaker_number_trends-1,1649,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2922,yes -1649-vitality-1,1649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2922,yes +1649-speaker_number-6,1649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +1649-speakers-6,1649,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""292"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""151"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +1649-LEI-1,1649,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2936,yes +1649-transmission-1,1649,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2936,yes +1649-domains_of_use-1,1649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2936,yes +1649-speaker_number_trends-1,1649,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2936,yes +1649-vitality-1,1649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2936,yes 1649-LEI-2,1649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1649-vitality-2,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1649-LEI-3,1649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1649-vitality-3,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1649-LEI-3,1649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1649-vitality-3,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1649-LEI-4,1649,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1649-vitality-4,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1649-LEI-5,1649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1649-vitality-5,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1649-LEI-5,1649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1649-vitality-5,1649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1650-location-1,1650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.5, -50.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1650-location-2,1650,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Santa Catarina, along a tributary of the Itajaí River.",bib67,no -1650-location-3,1650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.5522, -49.0779]]}",,,bib5307,no -1650-location-4,1650,location,"{""Description"": ""Brazil""}",,,bib8132,no -1650-location-5,1650,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1650-location-3,1650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.5522, -49.0779]]}",,,bib5330,no +1650-location-4,1650,location,"{""Description"": ""Brazil""}",,,bib8157,no +1650-location-5,1650,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1650-speaker_number-1,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (ISA 1998). Ethnic population data: (WCD 2000) 720 (2016).",bib67,no 1650-speakers-1,1650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""784"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""760"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: (ISA 1998). Ethnic population data: (WCD 2000) 720 (2016).",bib67,no -1650-speaker_number-2,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1650-speakers-2,1650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1650-speaker_number-2,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1650-speakers-2,1650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1650-speaker_number-3,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1650-speakers-3,1650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1650-speaker_number-4,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8132,no -1650-speakers-4,1650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,559"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8132,no -1650-speaker_number-5,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1650-speakers-5,1650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""887"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1650-speaker_number-4,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8157,no +1650-speakers-4,1650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,559"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8157,no +1650-speaker_number-5,1650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1650-speakers-5,1650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""887"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1650-LEI-1,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1650-vitality-1,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1650-LEI-2,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1650-vitality-2,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1650-LEI-2,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1650-vitality-2,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1650-LEI-3,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1650-vitality-3,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1650-LEI-4,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1650-vitality-4,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1650-LEI-5,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1650-vitality-5,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1651-location-1,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1383,yes +1650-LEI-4,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1650-vitality-4,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1650-LEI-5,1650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1650-vitality-5,1650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1651-location-1,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1395,yes 1651-location-2,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Parana State, among Kaingang [kgp] group.",bib67,no 1651-location-3,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Paraná state: among Kaingang [kgp].,bib70,no -1651-location-4,1651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.2867, -53.3935]]}",,,bib5307,no -1651-location-5,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no -1651-location-6,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -1651-speaker_number-1,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The true speakers [of Xetá] were Tucanambá, Tikein. and Kwein. The first two died some years ago. Kuein is still alive but deaf. Aryon [Rodrigues] used to refer to a Xetá woman, Aan (also Ana), as a speaker of Xetá, but now she only speaks Mbya with her husband in her Mbyá community. She has not practiced her native language for a long time. Also, she could not speak with the last male speakers, for cultural reasons. These two ... are in fact the two last people who know the Xetá language.",bib1383,yes -1651-speakers-1,1651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The true speakers [of Xetá] were Tucanambá, Tikein. and Kwein. The first two died some years ago. Kuein is still alive but deaf. Aryon [Rodrigues] used to refer to a Xetá woman, Aan (also Ana), as a speaker of Xetá, but now she only speaks Mbya with her husband in her Mbyá community. She has not practiced her native language for a long time. Also, she could not speak with the last male speakers, for cultural reasons. These two ... are in fact the two last people who know the Xetá language.",bib1383,yes +1651-location-4,1651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.2867, -53.3935]]}",,,bib5330,no +1651-location-5,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no +1651-location-6,1651,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +1651-speaker_number-1,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The true speakers [of Xetá] were Tucanambá, Tikein. and Kwein. The first two died some years ago. Kuein is still alive but deaf. Aryon [Rodrigues] used to refer to a Xetá woman, Aan (also Ana), as a speaker of Xetá, but now she only speaks Mbya with her husband in her Mbyá community. She has not practiced her native language for a long time. Also, she could not speak with the last male speakers, for cultural reasons. These two ... are in fact the two last people who know the Xetá language.",bib1395,yes +1651-speakers-1,1651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The true speakers [of Xetá] were Tucanambá, Tikein. and Kwein. The first two died some years ago. Kuein is still alive but deaf. Aryon [Rodrigues] used to refer to a Xetá woman, Aan (also Ana), as a speaker of Xetá, but now she only speaks Mbya with her husband in her Mbyá community. She has not practiced her native language for a long time. Also, she could not speak with the last male speakers, for cultural reasons. These two ... are in fact the two last people who know the Xetá language.",bib1395,yes 1651-speaker_number-2,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (SIL 1990) No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 8 (1998) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -12582,139 +12644,139 @@ No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 8 (1998) (2013).",bib67,no No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 8 (1998) (2013).",bib67,no 1651-speakers-3,1651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,,bib70,no -1651-speaker_number-4,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1651-speakers-4,1651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +1651-speaker_number-4,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1651-speakers-4,1651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 1651-speaker_number-5,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1651-speakers-5,1651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1651-speaker_number-6,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib8132,no -1651-speakers-6,1651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""59"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib8132,no -1651-speaker_number-7,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1651-speakers-7,1651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -1651-LEI-1,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 2 speakers.,bib1383,yes -1651-transmission-1,1651,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 2 speakers.,bib1383,yes -1651-speaker_number_trends-1,1651,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 2 speakers.,bib1383,yes -1651-vitality-1,1651,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only 2 speakers.,bib1383,yes +1651-speaker_number-6,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib8157,no +1651-speakers-6,1651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""59"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib8157,no +1651-speaker_number-7,1651,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1651-speakers-7,1651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +1651-LEI-1,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 2 speakers.,bib1395,yes +1651-transmission-1,1651,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 2 speakers.,bib1395,yes +1651-speaker_number_trends-1,1651,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 2 speakers.,bib1395,yes +1651-vitality-1,1651,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only 2 speakers.,bib1395,yes 1651-LEI-2,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1651-vitality-2,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1651-LEI-3,1651,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,no 1651-vitality-3,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no -1651-LEI-4,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1651-vitality-4,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1651-LEI-4,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1651-vitality-4,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1651-LEI-5,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1651-vitality-5,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1651-LEI-6,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1651-vitality-6,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1651-LEI-7,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1651-vitality-7,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1651-LEI-6,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1651-vitality-6,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1651-LEI-7,1651,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1651-vitality-7,1651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1652-location-1,1652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0, -48.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1652-location-2,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Tocantins, between Rio do Sono and Rio Tocantins.",bib67,no -1652-location-3,1652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.3356, -48.2227]]}",,,bib5307,no -1652-location-4,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Tocantins state""], ""Description"": ""to the east of the Tocantins River, 70km to the north of the city of Palmas, Terra Indigena Xerente and Terra Indigena Funil, in thirty-three villages""}",,,bib1903,no -1652-location-5,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no -1652-location-6,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1652-location-3,1652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.3356, -48.2227]]}",,,bib5330,no +1652-location-4,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Tocantins state""], ""Description"": ""to the east of the Tocantins River, 70km to the north of the city of Palmas, Terra Indigena Xerente and Terra Indigena Funil, in thirty-three villages""}",,,bib1915,no +1652-location-5,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no +1652-location-6,1652,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1652-speaker_number-1,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (ISA 2000) 1,810 (2000 ISA). Ethnic population: 1,810 (Moore 2006) (2013).",bib67,no 1652-speakers-1,1652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,810\n(unchanged, 2016.)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (ISA 2000) 1,810 (2000 ISA). Ethnic population: 1,810 (Moore 2006) (2013).",bib67,no -1652-speaker_number-2,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1652-speakers-2,1652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1652-speaker_number-3,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"All Xerente speak their native language and children are monolingual up to five years of age. Although the Xerente are fluent in Portuguese, the Xerente language is used in all contexts of daily life in the villages.",bib1903,no -1652-speakers-3,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,814"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,814"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"All Xerente speak their native language and children are monolingual up to five years of age. Although the Xerente are fluent in Portuguese, the Xerente language is used in all contexts of daily life in the villages.",bib1903,no +1652-speaker_number-2,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1652-speakers-2,1652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1652-speaker_number-3,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"All Xerente speak their native language and children are monolingual up to five years of age. Although the Xerente are fluent in Portuguese, the Xerente language is used in all contexts of daily life in the villages.",bib1915,no +1652-speakers-3,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,814"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,814"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"All Xerente speak their native language and children are monolingual up to five years of age. Although the Xerente are fluent in Portuguese, the Xerente language is used in all contexts of daily life in the villages.",bib1915,no 1652-speaker_number-4,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1652-speakers-4,1652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,552"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1652-speaker_number-5,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8132,no -1652-speakers-5,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,589"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,269"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8132,no -1652-speaker_number-6,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1652-speakers-6,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,569"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1652-speaker_number-5,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8157,no +1652-speakers-5,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,589"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,269"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8157,no +1652-speaker_number-6,1652,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1652-speakers-6,1652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,569"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,569"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1652-LEI-1,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1652-vitality-1,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1652-LEI-2,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1652-vitality-2,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1652-LEI-3,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1652-vitality-3,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1652-LEI-2,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1652-vitality-2,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1652-LEI-3,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1652-vitality-3,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1652-LEI-4,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1652-vitality-4,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1652-LEI-5,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1652-vitality-5,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1652-LEI-6,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1652-vitality-6,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1652-LEI-5,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1652-vitality-5,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1652-LEI-6,1652,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1652-vitality-6,1652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1653-location-1,1653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.0, -52.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1653-location-2,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso. 6 noncontiguous reservations, 80 villages.",bib67,no -1653-location-3,1653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4832, -53.5305]]}",,,bib5307,no -1653-location-4,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state""], ""Description"": ""between the Serra do Roncador and the Mortes, Culuene, Couto de Magalh\u00e3es, Boti, and Gar\u00e7as river valleys, in more than seventy villages on eight Indigenous Lands""}",,,bib1903,no -1653-location-5,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no -1653-location-6,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1653-location-3,1653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4832, -53.5305]]}",,,bib5330,no +1653-location-4,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state""], ""Description"": ""between the Serra do Roncador and the Mortes, Culuene, Couto de Magalh\u00e3es, Boti, and Gar\u00e7as river valleys, in more than seventy villages on eight Indigenous Lands""}",,,bib1915,no +1653-location-5,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no +1653-location-6,1653,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1653-speaker_number-1,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data: (SIL 2000). 7,000 monolinguals. 9,600 (2016).",bib67,no 1653-speakers-1,1653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data: (SIL 2000). 7,000 monolinguals. 9,600 (2016).",bib67,no -1653-speaker_number-2,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1653-speakers-2,1653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,303"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1653-speaker_number-3,1653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1653-speakers-3,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,602"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,602"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1653-speaker_number-2,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1653-speakers-2,1653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,303"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1653-speaker_number-3,1653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1653-speakers-3,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,602"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,602"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1653-speaker_number-4,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1653-speakers-4,1653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1653-speaker_number-5,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8132,no -1653-speakers-5,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,382"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,758"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8132,no -1653-speaker_number-6,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -1653-speakers-6,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,303"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,303"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1653-speaker_number-5,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8157,no +1653-speakers-5,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,382"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,758"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8157,no +1653-speaker_number-6,1653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +1653-speakers-6,1653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,303"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,303"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1653-LEI-1,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1653-vitality-1,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1653-LEI-2,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1653-vitality-2,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1653-LEI-3,1653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1653-vitality-3,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1653-LEI-2,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1653-vitality-2,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1653-LEI-3,1653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1653-vitality-3,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1653-LEI-4,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1653-vitality-4,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1653-LEI-5,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1653-vitality-5,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1653-LEI-6,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1653-vitality-6,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1653-LEI-5,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1653-vitality-5,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1653-LEI-6,1653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1653-vitality-6,1653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1654-context-1,1654,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 1654-location-1,1654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0, -50.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -1654-location-2,1654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.983486, -50.284753]]}",,,bib7945,no -1654-location-3,1654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.1717, -49.1583]]}",,,bib5307,no -1654-location-4,1654,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Goias, Mato Grosso, Para, and Tocantins states, Araguaia River valley, including the Ilha do Bananal, twenty-nine villages divided over various indigenous lands close to the lakes and tributaries of the Araguaia and Javaes rivers, as well as in the interior of the Ilha do Bananal.""}",,,bib1903,no +1654-location-2,1654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.983486, -50.284753]]}",,,bib7970,no +1654-location-3,1654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.1717, -49.1583]]}",,,bib5330,no +1654-location-4,1654,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Goias, Mato Grosso, Para, and Tocantins states, Araguaia River valley, including the Ilha do Bananal, twenty-nine villages divided over various indigenous lands close to the lakes and tributaries of the Araguaia and Javaes rivers, as well as in the interior of the Ilha do Bananal.""}",,,bib1915,no 1654-location-5,1654,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib68,no -1654-location-6,1654,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1654-speaker_number-1,1654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1654-speakers-1,1654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1654-speakers-2,1654,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,,bib1903,no +1654-location-6,1654,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1654-speaker_number-1,1654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1654-speakers-1,1654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1654-speakers-2,1654,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,,bib1915,no 1654-speaker_number-3,1654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 1654-speakers-3,1654,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,610"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,670"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 1654-speaker_number-4,1654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1654-speakers-4,1654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1654-speaker_number-5,1654,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Javaé (Karajá): 800? speakers, 1,208 population (2006); Karajá (Carajá, Iny): 2,250 speakers, 2,532 population (2006); -Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu): 10 speakers, 269 population (2006).",bib1902,yes +Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu): 10 speakers, 269 population (2006).",bib1914,yes 1654-speakers-5,1654,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4009"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Javaé (Karajá): 800? speakers, 1,208 population (2006); Karajá (Carajá, Iny): 2,250 speakers, 2,532 population (2006); -Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu): 10 speakers, 269 population (2006).",bib1902,yes -1654-LEI-1,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1654-vitality-1,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu): 10 speakers, 269 population (2006).",bib1914,yes +1654-LEI-1,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1654-vitality-1,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1654-LEI-2,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1654-vitality-2,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1654-LEI-3,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1654-vitality-3,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1654-LEI-4,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1654-vitality-4,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1654-LEI-4,1654,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1654-vitality-4,1654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1666-context-1,1666,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Used as L2 by Muskogee [mus].,bib70,no 1666-location-1,1666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0, -85.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1666-location-2,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""The dominant language in 4 Seminole reservations: Big Cypress, Immokalee, Hollywood, Tampa in Florida.""}",,,bib67,no 1666-location-3,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Florida""]}",,"Florida: Big Cypress, Immokalee, Hollywood, and Tampa Seminole reservations.",bib70,no -1666-location-4,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.3202, -80.9877]]}",,,bib5307,no -1666-location-5,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""]}",,"It is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe. There are five Seminole reservation communities, with Mikasuki the dominant language at the Big Cypress, Immokalee, Hollywood, and Tampa reservations, while the Florida Seminole dialect of Creek is dominant at the Brighton Reservation.",bib5217,yes -1666-location-6,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.3202, -80.9877]]}",,,bib1709,no +1666-location-4,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.3202, -80.9877]]}",,,bib5330,no +1666-location-5,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""]}",,"It is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe. There are five Seminole reservation communities, with Mikasuki the dominant language at the Big Cypress, Immokalee, Hollywood, and Tampa reservations, while the Florida Seminole dialect of Creek is dominant at the Brighton Reservation.",bib5240,yes +1666-location-6,1666,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.3202, -80.9877]]}",,,bib1721,no 1666-speaker_number-1,1666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. 33 monolinguals. Data for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1977).,bib67,no 1666-speakers-1,1666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. 33 monolinguals. Data for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1977).,bib67,no 1666-speaker_number-2,1666,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"190 (2010 census). Spoken by most of the 400 members of the Miccosukee Tribe as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1666-speakers-2,1666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"190 (2010 census). Spoken by most of the 400 members of the Miccosukee Tribe as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1666-speaker_number-3,1666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1666-speakers-3,1666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1666-speaker_number-4,1666,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mikasuki is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe.",bib5217,yes -1666-speakers-4,1666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mikasuki is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe.",bib5217,yes +1666-speaker_number-3,1666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1666-speakers-3,1666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1666-speaker_number-4,1666,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mikasuki is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe.",bib5240,yes +1666-speakers-4,1666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mikasuki is spoken in Florida by most of the 400 enrolled members of the Miccosukee Tribe, as well as by many of the 2,700 members of the Seminole Tribe.",bib5240,yes 1666-speaker_number-5,1666,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1666-speakers-5,1666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1666-LEI-1,1666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -12723,120 +12785,120 @@ Xambioá (Karajá do Norte, Ixybiowa, Iraru Mahãdu): 10 speakers, 269 populati 1666-transmission-2,1666,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Full range of social functions, spoken by tribal leaders, in churches, and at ceremonial groups, as well as in some schools.",bib70,no 1666-speaker_number_trends-2,1666,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Full range of social functions, spoken by tribal leaders, in churches, and at ceremonial groups, as well as in some schools.",bib70,no 1666-vitality-2,1666,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Full range of social functions, spoken by tribal leaders, in churches, and at ceremonial groups, as well as in some schools.",bib70,no -1666-LEI-3,1666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1666-vitality-3,1666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1666-LEI-4,1666,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1666-vitality-4,1666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1666-LEI-3,1666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1666-vitality-3,1666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1666-LEI-4,1666,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1666-vitality-4,1666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1666-LEI-5,1666,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1666-vitality-5,1666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1667-context-1,1667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1667-location-1,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""]}",,,bib2984,no +1667-location-1,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""]}",,,bib2998,no 1667-location-2,1667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6666666667, -114.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1667-location-3,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Description"": ""Fort Mohave; Colorado River.\n\nCalifornia-Arizona border, Fort Mohave and Colorado River reservations.""}",,,bib67,yes 1667-location-4,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Arizona, California""]}",,Arizona-California border: Fort Mohave and Colorado River reservations.,bib70,no -1667-location-5,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.6905, -114.598]]}",,,bib5307,no -1667-location-6,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Description"": ""the heritage language of the Fort Mojave Tribe, near Needles, California, and of the Mohave members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes, near Parker, Arizona""}",,"The heritagelanguage of the Fort Mojave Tribe, near Needles, California, and of the Mohave members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes, near Parker, Arizona.",bib5217,no -1667-location-7,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.0231, -114.5045]]}",,,bib1709,no -1667-speaker_number-1,1667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1667-speakers-1,1667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1667-location-5,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.6905, -114.598]]}",,,bib5330,no +1667-location-6,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Description"": ""the heritage language of the Fort Mojave Tribe, near Needles, California, and of the Mohave members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes, near Parker, Arizona""}",,"The heritagelanguage of the Fort Mojave Tribe, near Needles, California, and of the Mohave members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes, near Parker, Arizona.",bib5240,no +1667-location-7,1667,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.0231, -114.5045]]}",,,bib1721,no +1667-speaker_number-1,1667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1667-speakers-1,1667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1667-speaker_number-2,1667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"75 (1994 L. Hinton). 30 to 35 at Fort Mohave, 35 to 50 at Colorado River. Ethnic population: 767 (2000 A. Yamamoto); 204 (2000 US census).",bib67,yes 1667-speakers-2,1667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""767"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"75 (1994 L. Hinton). 30 to 35 at Fort Mohave, 35 to 50 at Colorado River. Ethnic population: 767 (2000 A. Yamamoto); 204 (2000 US census).",bib67,yes 1667-speaker_number-3,1667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"100 (Golla 2007). 30–35 at Fort Mohave, 35–50 at Colorado River. Ethnic population: 2,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1667-speakers-3,1667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"100 (Golla 2007). 30–35 at Fort Mohave, 35–50 at Colorado River. Ethnic population: 2,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1667-speaker_number-4,1667,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1667-speakers-4,1667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1667-speaker_number-5,1667,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -1667-speakers-5,1667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no +1667-speaker_number-4,1667,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1667-speakers-4,1667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1667-speaker_number-5,1667,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +1667-speakers-5,1667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no 1667-speaker_number-6,1667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1667-speakers-6,1667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1667-LEI-1,1667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1667-vitality-1,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1667-LEI-1,1667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1667-vitality-1,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1667-LEI-2,1667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1667-vitality-2,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 1667-LEI-3,1667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1667-transmission-3,1667,transmission,5,transmission-5,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1667-speaker_number_trends-3,1667,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1667-vitality-3,1667,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no -1667-LEI-4,1667,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1667-vitality-4,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1667-LEI-5,1667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1667-transmission-5,1667,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1667-vitality-5,1667,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no +1667-LEI-4,1667,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1667-vitality-4,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1667-LEI-5,1667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1667-transmission-5,1667,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1667-vitality-5,1667,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no 1667-LEI-6,1667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1667-vitality-6,1667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1668-context-1,1668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1668-context-2,1668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North American English"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Robust language revitalisation efforts are ongoing, and the language is of great cultural importance to the Kanien\u2019keh\u00e1:ka people. Several immersion programs offer language classes. Websites and apps support digital learning and communication. \nCode-switching is frequent in conversations."", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes""}",,,bib5859,yes -1668-location-1,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib2984,no +1668-context-2,1668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North American English"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Robust language revitalisation efforts are ongoing, and the language is of great cultural importance to the Kanien\u2019keh\u00e1:ka people. Several immersion programs offer language classes. Websites and apps support digital learning and communication. \nCode-switching is frequent in conversations."", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes""}",,,bib5883,yes +1668-location-1,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib2998,no 1668-location-2,1668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.5, -74.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1668-location-3,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Ontario, the Six Nations Reserve, south, the Tyendinaga Reserve on the Bay of Quinte near Kingston, and a small settlement at Gibson east of Georgian Bay; Quebec, Caughnawaga and Oka in the vicinity of Montreal.""}",,,bib67,no 1668-location-4,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Ontario province: Six Nations Reserve, Tyendinaga Reserve on Bay of Quinte near Kingston, and a small settlement at Gibson east of Georgian Bay; Quebec province: Caughnawaga and Oka near Montreal. US: New York: Saint Regis Reservation.",bib70,no -1668-location-5,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Originally centered in the Mohawk Valley of New York State, USA, but as far as Pennsylvania, and Ontario and Quebec Provinces, Canada. Now used in eight communities: Akwesane, Kahnawake, Kanesatake, Six Nations, Wahta, Tyendinaga, Ganienkeh, and Kanatsiohareke. .""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.5929, -74.3249], [47.401, -69.3544]]}",,,bib5859,yes -1668-location-6,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.0333, -79.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -1668-location-7,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are six modern Mohawk communities, located primarily in Canada: Kahnawake and Kanehsatake in the vicinity of Montreal; Ahkwesahsne on the St. Lawrence River at the US-Canadian border; Ohsweken (Six Nations on the Grand River in southern Ontario; the Tyendinaga Reserve on the Bay of Quint\u00e9 near Kingston; and a small settlement at Gibson (Wahta) east of Georgian Bay.""}",,"There are six modern Mohawk communities, located primarily in Canada: Caughnawaga (Kahnawake) and Oka (Kanehsatake) in the vicinity of Montreal; St. Regis (Ahkwesahsne) on the St. Lawrence River at the US-Canadian border; the Six Nations Reserve (Grand River) in southern Ontario; the Tyendinaga Reserve on the Bay of Quinté near Kingston; and a small settlement at Gibson (Wahta) east of Georgian Bay.",bib5217,no -1668-location-8,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.9116, -74.5587], [45.0033, -74.6497], [44.189, -77.1494], [45.4013, -73.6677]]}",,,bib1709,no -1668-speaker_number-1,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -1668-speakers-1,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +1668-location-5,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Originally centered in the Mohawk Valley of New York State, USA, but as far as Pennsylvania, and Ontario and Quebec Provinces, Canada. Now used in eight communities: Akwesane, Kahnawake, Kanesatake, Six Nations, Wahta, Tyendinaga, Ganienkeh, and Kanatsiohareke. .""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.5929, -74.3249], [47.401, -69.3544]]}",,,bib5883,yes +1668-location-6,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.0333, -79.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +1668-location-7,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are six modern Mohawk communities, located primarily in Canada: Kahnawake and Kanehsatake in the vicinity of Montreal; Ahkwesahsne on the St. Lawrence River at the US-Canadian border; Ohsweken (Six Nations on the Grand River in southern Ontario; the Tyendinaga Reserve on the Bay of Quint\u00e9 near Kingston; and a small settlement at Gibson (Wahta) east of Georgian Bay.""}",,"There are six modern Mohawk communities, located primarily in Canada: Caughnawaga (Kahnawake) and Oka (Kanehsatake) in the vicinity of Montreal; St. Regis (Ahkwesahsne) on the St. Lawrence River at the US-Canadian border; the Six Nations Reserve (Grand River) in southern Ontario; the Tyendinaga Reserve on the Bay of Quinté near Kingston; and a small settlement at Gibson (Wahta) east of Georgian Bay.",bib5240,no +1668-location-8,1668,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.9116, -74.5587], [45.0033, -74.6497], [44.189, -77.1494], [45.4013, -73.6677]]}",,,bib1721,no +1668-speaker_number-1,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +1668-speakers-1,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 1668-speaker_number-2,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"760 in Canada (2001 census)...Ethnic population: 24,000 in Canada, 30,000 including USA (1999 SIL).",bib67,no 1668-speakers-2,1668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3760"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"760 in Canada (2001 census)...Ethnic population: 24,000 in Canada, 30,000 including USA (1999 SIL).",bib67,no 1668-speaker_number-3,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Canada: 540 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 24,000 (1999 SIL). US: 3000 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1999 SIL).",bib70,no 1668-speakers-3,1668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada), 2007 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100""}",,"Canada: 540 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 24,000 (1999 SIL). US: 3000 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1999 SIL).",bib70,no -1668-speaker_number-4,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5859,yes -1668-speakers-4,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 3,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 & 2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5859,yes -1668-speaker_number-5,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1668-speakers-5,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1668-speaker_number-6,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers.,bib5217,no -1668-speakers-6,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers.,bib5217,no +1668-speaker_number-4,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5883,yes +1668-speakers-4,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 3,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 & 2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5883,yes +1668-speaker_number-5,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1668-speakers-5,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1668-speaker_number-6,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers.,bib5240,no +1668-speakers-6,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers.,bib5240,no 1668-speaker_number-7,1668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1668-speakers-7,1668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1668-LEI-1,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1668-vitality-1,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1668-LEI-1,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1668-vitality-1,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1668-LEI-2,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1668-vitality-2,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1668-LEI-3,1668,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1668-transmission-3,1668,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 1668-speaker_number_trends-3,1668,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 1668-vitality-3,1668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1668-LEI-4,1668,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5859,yes -1668-transmission-4,1668,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5859,yes -1668-speaker_number_trends-4,1668,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5859,yes -1668-vitality-4,1668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5859,yes -1668-LEI-5,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1668-vitality-5,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1668-LEI-6,1668,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5217,no -1668-transmission-6,1668,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5217,no -1668-speaker_number_trends-6,1668,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5217,no -1668-vitality-6,1668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5217,no +1668-LEI-4,1668,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5883,yes +1668-transmission-4,1668,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5883,yes +1668-speaker_number_trends-4,1668,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5883,yes +1668-vitality-4,1668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The first-language speakers are aging, but sustained interest in cultural revitalisation, which grew precipitously in the 1970s, has led to a growing population of younger second-language speakers (Bonvillain, 1973).",bib5883,yes +1668-LEI-5,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1668-vitality-5,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1668-LEI-6,1668,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5240,no +1668-transmission-6,1668,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5240,no +1668-speaker_number_trends-6,1668,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5240,no +1668-vitality-6,1668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Of these, 600 are at Caughnawaga, 100 at Oka, 3,000 at St. Regis, 87 on the Six Nations Reserve, 2 on the Tyendinaga Reserve, and fewer than 50 at Gibson. A small number of children are native speakers. There are also several hundred second language speakers, produced by successful immersion schools in Caughnawaga, Oka, St. Regis, and on the Six Nations Reserve.",bib5240,no 1668-LEI-7,1668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1668-vitality-7,1668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1672-context-1,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1672-context-2,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1672-context-3,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1709,yes +1672-context-2,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1672-context-3,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1721,yes 1672-context-4,1672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Since the 1990s the American Indian Studies Research Institute at Indiana University has been developing printed and multimedia/interactive instructional materials at the elementary and secondary levels for -use in the White Shield School.",bib5309,no +use in the White Shield School.",bib5332,no 1672-location-1,1672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5, -100.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1672-location-2,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Fort Berthold Reservation, eastern segment, mostly White Shield and Parshall.""}",,,bib67,no 1672-location-3,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: North Dakota""]}",,"North Dakota: Fort Berthold Reservation, mostly Parshall and White Shield.",bib70,no -1672-location-4,1672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.648, -101.8327]]}",,,bib5307,no -1672-location-5,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""The modern Arikara, one of the Three Affiliated Tribes, share the Fort Berthold Reservation in\nNorth Dakota with the Mandan and Hidatsa. They now live in the Eastern Segment of the\nreservation, primarily in the communities of White Shield and Parshall.""}",,,bib5217,no -1672-location-6,1672,location,"{""Description"": ""North Dakota"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.648, -101.8327]]}",,,bib1709,yes -1672-location-7,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""North Dakota (Fort Berthold Reservation)""]}",,,bib5309,no +1672-location-4,1672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.648, -101.8327]]}",,,bib5330,no +1672-location-5,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""The modern Arikara, one of the Three Affiliated Tribes, share the Fort Berthold Reservation in\nNorth Dakota with the Mandan and Hidatsa. They now live in the Eastern Segment of the\nreservation, primarily in the communities of White Shield and Parshall.""}",,,bib5240,no +1672-location-6,1672,location,"{""Description"": ""North Dakota"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.648, -101.8327]]}",,,bib1721,yes +1672-location-7,1672,location,"{""Places"": [""North Dakota (Fort Berthold Reservation)""]}",,,bib5332,no 1672-speaker_number-1,1672,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Parks (1997). The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 1672-speakers-1,1672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Parks (1997). The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 1672-speaker_number-2,1672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"10 (Golla 2007), decreasing; ethnic population: 94 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1672-speakers-2,1672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"10 (Golla 2007), decreasing; ethnic population: 94 (2000 census).",bib70,no -1672-speaker_number-3,1672,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1672-speakers-3,1672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1672-speaker_number-4,1672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -1672-speakers-4,1672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,,bib5217,no +1672-speaker_number-3,1672,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1672-speakers-3,1672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1672-speaker_number-4,1672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +1672-speakers-4,1672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,,bib5240,no 1672-speaker_number-5,1672,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1672-speakers-5,1672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1672-speaker_number-6,1672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5309,no -1672-speakers-6,1672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5309,no +1672-speaker_number-6,1672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5332,no +1672-speakers-6,1672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5332,no 1672-LEI-1,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1672-transmission-1,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1672-speaker_number_trends-1,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no @@ -12845,63 +12907,63 @@ use in the White Shield School.",bib5309,no 1672-transmission-2,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1672-speaker_number_trends-2,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1672-vitality-2,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1672-LEI-3,1672,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1672-vitality-3,1672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1672-LEI-4,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1672-transmission-4,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1672-domains_of_use-4,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -1672-speaker_number_trends-4,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1672-vitality-4,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no -1672-LEI-5,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,yes -1672-transmission-5,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,yes -1672-domains_of_use-5,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1709,yes -1672-speaker_number_trends-5,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1709,yes -1672-vitality-5,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1709,yes +1672-LEI-3,1672,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1672-vitality-3,1672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1672-LEI-4,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1672-transmission-4,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1672-domains_of_use-4,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +1672-speaker_number_trends-4,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1672-vitality-4,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no +1672-LEI-5,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,yes +1672-transmission-5,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,yes +1672-domains_of_use-5,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1721,yes +1672-speaker_number_trends-5,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1721,yes +1672-vitality-5,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1721,yes 1672-LEI-6,1672,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1672-vitality-6,1672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1672-LEI-7,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1672-transmission-7,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1672-domains_of_use-7,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -1672-speaker_number_trends-7,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1672-vitality-7,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -1673-context-1,1673,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib5217,yes +1672-LEI-7,1672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1672-transmission-7,1672,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1672-domains_of_use-7,1672,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +1672-speaker_number_trends-7,1672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1672-vitality-7,1672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +1673-context-1,1673,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib5240,yes 1673-location-1,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1673-location-2,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South central Quebec, between La Tuque, Quebec, and Senneterre, Quebec, 200\u2013400 km north of Montreal, along the upper reaches of Saint Maurice river, 3 isolated communities on reservations of Manuane, Obedjiwan, and Weymontachie.""}",,,bib67,no -1673-location-3,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.2104, -74.3827]]}",,,bib5307,no -1673-location-4,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Attikamek (T\u00eate de Boule, Atikamekw) is the Cree dialect spoken on the Manouane/Manuan, Obedjiwan/Obidjewan, and Weymontachingue/Wemontachie Reserves, north of Trois-Rivi\u00e8res in south-central Quebec.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1673-location-5,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central Quebec. Spoken on the Manouane/Manuan, Obedjiwan/Obidjewan, and Weymontachingue/Wemontachie Reserves, north of Trois-Rivi\u00e8res.""}",,,bib5309,no +1673-location-3,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.2104, -74.3827]]}",,,bib5330,no +1673-location-4,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Attikamek (T\u00eate de Boule, Atikamekw) is the Cree dialect spoken on the Manouane/Manuan, Obedjiwan/Obidjewan, and Weymontachingue/Wemontachie Reserves, north of Trois-Rivi\u00e8res in south-central Quebec.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1673-location-5,1673,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central Quebec. Spoken on the Manouane/Manuan, Obedjiwan/Obidjewan, and Weymontachingue/Wemontachie Reserves, north of Trois-Rivi\u00e8res.""}",,,bib5332,no 1673-speaker_number-1,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,920 (2011 census) (2016).",bib67,no 1673-speakers-1,1673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,920 (2011 census) (2016).",bib67,no -1673-speaker_number-2,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1673-speakers-2,1673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,155"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1673-speaker_number-3,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The entire native population of about 3,000 is fluent in the language, and most children are monolingual before entering school.",bib5217,yes -1673-speakers-3,1673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The entire native population of about 3,000 is fluent in the language, and most children are monolingual before entering school.",bib5217,yes +1673-speaker_number-2,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1673-speakers-2,1673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,155"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1673-speaker_number-3,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The entire native population of about 3,000 is fluent in the language, and most children are monolingual before entering school.",bib5240,yes +1673-speakers-3,1673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The entire native population of about 3,000 is fluent in the language, and most children are monolingual before entering school.",bib5240,yes 1673-speaker_number-4,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1673-speakers-4,1673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1673-speaker_number-5,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1673-speakers-5,1673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1673-speaker_number-5,1673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1673-speakers-5,1673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1673-LEI-1,1673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1673-vitality-1,1673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1673-LEI-2,1673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1673-vitality-2,1673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1673-LEI-3,1673,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1673-transmission-3,1673,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5217,yes -1673-speaker_number_trends-3,1673,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5217,yes -1673-vitality-3,1673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1673-LEI-2,1673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1673-vitality-2,1673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1673-LEI-3,1673,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1673-transmission-3,1673,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5240,yes +1673-speaker_number_trends-3,1673,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5240,yes +1673-vitality-3,1673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1673-LEI-4,1673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1673-vitality-4,1673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1673-LEI-5,1673,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5309,no -1673-transmission-5,1673,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5309,no -1673-domains_of_use-5,1673,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5309,no -1673-speaker_number_trends-5,1673,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5309,no -1673-vitality-5,1673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5309,no +1673-LEI-5,1673,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5332,no +1673-transmission-5,1673,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5332,no +1673-domains_of_use-5,1673,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5332,no +1673-speaker_number_trends-5,1673,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5332,no +1673-vitality-5,1673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most children are monolingual in Attikamek before entering school. Schooling is carried out using Atikamekw as the language of instruction in the primary grades.,bib5332,no 1674-context-1,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes 1674-context-2,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1674-context-3,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1674-context-4,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5309,no +1674-context-3,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1674-context-4,1674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5332,no 1674-location-1,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[54.34, -126.72], [55.75, -126.9]]}",,,bib73,yes 1674-location-2,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Center north, British Columbia, scatted populations; Wetsuset\u2019en dialect: Bulkley River communities and bands at Burns Lake; Babine Proper dialect: Lake Babine and Takla Lake communities; some at Burns Lake.""}",,,bib67,no -1674-location-3,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[54.2395, -125.7621]]}",,,bib5307,no +1674-location-3,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[54.2395, -125.7621]]}",,,bib5330,no 1674-location-4,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: central interior B.C., in 9 communities: Cheslatta Carrier Nation Lake Babine Nation @@ -12911,9 +12973,9 @@ Moricetown Indian Band Nee-Tahi-Buhn Indian Band Skin Tyee Nation Tsil Kaz Koh (Burns Lake) -Wet'suwet'en Nation",bib2541,no -1674-location-5,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Bulkley River and in the Lake Babine area of central British Columbia, to the north and west of theCarrier dialect complex.\nThe western dialect (Wetsuwet\u2019en) includes the Bulkley River communities (Hagwilget, Moricetown, Smithers, Houston, and Broman Lake) and the Nee-Tahi-Buhn and Skin Tayi bands at Burns Lake. The eastern dialect (\u201cBabine proper\u201d) includes the Lake Babine and Takla Lake communities as well as former residents from Lake Babine who have settled in Burns Lake.""}",,,bib5217,no -1674-location-6,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia. Spoken on the Bulkley River and in the Lake Babine areas.""}",,,bib5309,no +Wet'suwet'en Nation",bib2554,no +1674-location-5,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Bulkley River and in the Lake Babine area of central British Columbia, to the north and west of theCarrier dialect complex.\nThe western dialect (Wetsuwet\u2019en) includes the Bulkley River communities (Hagwilget, Moricetown, Smithers, Houston, and Broman Lake) and the Nee-Tahi-Buhn and Skin Tayi bands at Burns Lake. The eastern dialect (\u201cBabine proper\u201d) includes the Lake Babine and Takla Lake communities as well as former residents from Lake Babine who have settled in Burns Lake.""}",,,bib5240,no +1674-location-6,1674,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia. Spoken on the Bulkley River and in the Lake Babine areas.""}",,,bib5332,no 1674-speaker_number-1,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Native speakers: Witsuwit'en 271; Nedut’en (Babine) 526; Semi-speakers: Witsuwit'en 94; Nedut’en 655; ethnic population: Witsuwit'en 4,355; Nedut’en4,085",bib73,yes @@ -12926,92 +12988,92 @@ ethnic population: Witsuwit'en 4,355; Nedut’en4,085",bib73,yes 1674-speakers-2,1674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Hargus (1997). ""[The] Canada Census does not separate Babine [bcr], Central Carrier [crx], and Southern Carrier L1 speakers in Canada 20,090 (1998 Statistics Canada)."" Data for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1982) and S. Hargus (1997). 200 (Golla 2007). 100 fluent speakers and 100 passive speakers of Wetsuwet’en. 200 speakers of all degrees of fluency of Babine Proper (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 250. In Babine Proper (2013).",bib67,no -1674-speaker_number-3,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1674-speakers-3,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""660"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1674-speaker_number-4,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -1674-speakers-4,1674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5404"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""292""}",,,bib1282,no -1674-speaker_number-5,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1674-speakers-5,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""434"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""295""}",,,bib2541,no -1674-speaker_number-6,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The western dialect (Wetsuwet’en) has about 100 fluent speakers, none of them children. An additional 100 or more are passive speakers, including a few children. The eastern dialect (“Babine proper”) has up to 200 speakers of all degrees of fluency out of a total population of 250. However, there are few speakers under 25, though some children have a passive knowledge none are active speakers.",bib5217,no -1674-speakers-6,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100+""}",,"The western dialect (Wetsuwet’en) has about 100 fluent speakers, none of them children. An additional 100 or more are passive speakers, including a few children. The eastern dialect (“Babine proper”) has up to 200 speakers of all degrees of fluency out of a total population of 250. However, there are few speakers under 25, though some children have a passive knowledge none are active speakers.",bib5217,no +1674-speaker_number-3,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1674-speakers-3,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""660"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1674-speaker_number-4,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +1674-speakers-4,1674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5404"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""292""}",,,bib1291,no +1674-speaker_number-5,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1674-speakers-5,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""434"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""295""}",,,bib2554,no +1674-speaker_number-6,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The western dialect (Wetsuwet’en) has about 100 fluent speakers, none of them children. An additional 100 or more are passive speakers, including a few children. The eastern dialect (“Babine proper”) has up to 200 speakers of all degrees of fluency out of a total population of 250. However, there are few speakers under 25, though some children have a passive knowledge none are active speakers.",bib5240,no +1674-speakers-6,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100+""}",,"The western dialect (Wetsuwet’en) has about 100 fluent speakers, none of them children. An additional 100 or more are passive speakers, including a few children. The eastern dialect (“Babine proper”) has up to 200 speakers of all degrees of fluency out of a total population of 250. However, there are few speakers under 25, though some children have a passive knowledge none are active speakers.",bib5240,no 1674-speaker_number-7,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1674-speakers-7,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1674-speaker_number-8,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1674-speakers-8,1674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,605"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""211 fluent and 207 semi-speakers. 329 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""207"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""329""}",,,bib2905,no -1674-speaker_number-9,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1674-speakers-9,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5309,no +1674-speaker_number-8,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1674-speakers-8,1674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,605"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""211 fluent and 207 semi-speakers. 329 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""207"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""329""}",,,bib2919,no +1674-speaker_number-9,1674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1674-speakers-9,1674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5332,no 1674-LEI-1,1674,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1674-transmission-1,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib73,yes 1674-vitality-1,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib73,yes 1674-LEI-2,1674,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Wetsuwet’en dialect: no children are fluent speakers, some children are passive speakers. Babine Proper: few speakers under 25. No children are active speakers. Also use English [eng].",bib67,no 1674-transmission-2,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Wetsuwet’en dialect: no children are fluent speakers, some children are passive speakers. Babine Proper: few speakers under 25. No children are active speakers. Also use English [eng].",bib67,no 1674-vitality-2,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Wetsuwet’en dialect: no children are fluent speakers, some children are passive speakers. Babine Proper: few speakers under 25. No children are active speakers. Also use English [eng].",bib67,no -1674-LEI-3,1674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1674-vitality-3,1674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1674-LEI-4,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1282,no -1674-transmission-4,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1282,no -1674-speaker_number_trends-4,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1282,no -1674-vitality-4,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1282,no -1674-LEI-5,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1674-transmission-5,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1674-speaker_number_trends-5,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1674-vitality-5,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1674-LEI-6,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1674-transmission-6,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5217,no -1674-speaker_number_trends-6,1674,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1674-vitality-6,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1674-LEI-3,1674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1674-vitality-3,1674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1674-LEI-4,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1291,no +1674-transmission-4,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1291,no +1674-speaker_number_trends-4,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1291,no +1674-vitality-4,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"9.7% fluent speakers, 5.4% semispeakers, 7.3% active learners",bib1291,no +1674-LEI-5,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1674-transmission-5,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1674-speaker_number_trends-5,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1674-vitality-5,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"12.7% fluent speakers, 8.7% semi-speakers, 11.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1674-LEI-6,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1674-transmission-6,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,no +1674-speaker_number_trends-6,1674,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1674-vitality-6,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1674-LEI-7,1674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1674-vitality-7,1674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1674-LEI-8,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1674-transmission-8,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1674-domains_of_use-8,1674,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -1674-speaker_number_trends-8,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1674-vitality-8,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -1675-context-1,1675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dogrib, Mountain""}",,,bib5309,no -1675-location-1,1675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.2161, -123.4362]]}",,,bib5307,no -1675-location-2,1675,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Two communities in the Northwest Territories, D\u00e9line, formerly Fort Franklin, and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1675-location-3,1675,location,"{""Places"": [""The Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at D\u00e9line (formerly Fort Franklin) and Tulita (formerly Fort Norman).""}",,,bib5309,no -1675-speaker_number-1,1675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Bearlake is an emergent Athabaskan language within the North Slavey group of Slavey dialects of the Dene complex. It is spoken as a first language by about 580 people (450 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Déline, formerly Fort Franklin (460 speakers out of a total population of 615), and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman (up to 120 speakers out of 450 total). At Déline, Bearlake is the lingua franca of a dialectally mixed community and many speakers are also fluent in Dogrib. At Tulita, an unknown number of the speakers of Bearlake are also fluent (or primarily fluent) in Mountain.",bib5217,yes -1675-speakers-1,1675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Bearlake is an emergent Athabaskan language within the North Slavey group of Slavey dialects of the Dene complex. It is spoken as a first language by about 580 people (450 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Déline, formerly Fort Franklin (460 speakers out of a total population of 615), and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman (up to 120 speakers out of 450 total). At Déline, Bearlake is the lingua franca of a dialectally mixed community and many speakers are also fluent in Dogrib. At Tulita, an unknown number of the speakers of Bearlake are also fluent (or primarily fluent) in Mountain.",bib5217,yes -1675-speaker_number-2,1675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1675-speakers-2,1675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no -1675-LEI-1,1675,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1675-transmission-1,1675,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -1675-speaker_number_trends-1,1675,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,yes -1675-vitality-1,1675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes -1675-LEI-2,1675,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1675-transmission-2,1675,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5309,no -1675-domains_of_use-2,1675,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5309,no -1675-speaker_number_trends-2,1675,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5309,no -1675-vitality-2,1675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1674-LEI-8,1674,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1674-transmission-8,1674,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1674-domains_of_use-8,1674,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +1674-speaker_number_trends-8,1674,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1674-vitality-8,1674,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +1675-context-1,1675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dogrib, Mountain""}",,,bib5332,no +1675-location-1,1675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.2161, -123.4362]]}",,,bib5330,no +1675-location-2,1675,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Two communities in the Northwest Territories, D\u00e9line, formerly Fort Franklin, and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1675-location-3,1675,location,"{""Places"": [""The Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at D\u00e9line (formerly Fort Franklin) and Tulita (formerly Fort Norman).""}",,,bib5332,no +1675-speaker_number-1,1675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Bearlake is an emergent Athabaskan language within the North Slavey group of Slavey dialects of the Dene complex. It is spoken as a first language by about 580 people (450 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Déline, formerly Fort Franklin (460 speakers out of a total population of 615), and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman (up to 120 speakers out of 450 total). At Déline, Bearlake is the lingua franca of a dialectally mixed community and many speakers are also fluent in Dogrib. At Tulita, an unknown number of the speakers of Bearlake are also fluent (or primarily fluent) in Mountain.",bib5240,yes +1675-speakers-1,1675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Bearlake is an emergent Athabaskan language within the North Slavey group of Slavey dialects of the Dene complex. It is spoken as a first language by about 580 people (450 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Déline, formerly Fort Franklin (460 speakers out of a total population of 615), and Tulita, formerly Fort Norman (up to 120 speakers out of 450 total). At Déline, Bearlake is the lingua franca of a dialectally mixed community and many speakers are also fluent in Dogrib. At Tulita, an unknown number of the speakers of Bearlake are also fluent (or primarily fluent) in Mountain.",bib5240,yes +1675-speaker_number-2,1675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1675-speakers-2,1675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no +1675-LEI-1,1675,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1675-transmission-1,1675,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +1675-speaker_number_trends-1,1675,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,yes +1675-vitality-1,1675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes +1675-LEI-2,1675,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1675-transmission-2,1675,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5332,no +1675-domains_of_use-2,1675,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5332,no +1675-speaker_number_trends-2,1675,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5332,no +1675-vitality-2,1675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1676-context-1,1676,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,Nuxalk College has occasional language classes. There are immersion camps and other revitalization programs.,bib70,no -1676-context-2,1676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -1676-context-3,1676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +1676-context-2,1676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1676-context-3,1676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 1676-location-1,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.49, -126.47]]}",,,bib73,yes 1676-location-2,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.5, -126.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1676-location-3,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Inlet on central British Columbia coast, head of Burke channel, North Bentinck arm, mouth of the Bella Coola River.""}",,,bib70,no -1676-location-4,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.3823, -126.7255]]}",,,bib5307,no -1676-location-5,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.49, -126.47]]}",,British Columbia: Nuxalk First Nation,bib2541,no -1676-location-6,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North-central coast of British Columbia.""}",,,bib5217,no -1676-location-7,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North-central coast of British Columbia""}",,,bib5309,no +1676-location-4,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.3823, -126.7255]]}",,,bib5330,no +1676-location-5,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.49, -126.47]]}",,British Columbia: Nuxalk First Nation,bib2554,no +1676-location-6,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North-central coast of British Columbia.""}",,,bib5240,no +1676-location-7,1676,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North-central coast of British Columbia""}",,,bib5332,no 1676-speaker_number-1,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib73,yes 1676-speakers-1,1676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,479"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""220""}",,,bib73,yes 1676-speaker_number-2,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib70,no 1676-speakers-2,1676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,660"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""510""}",,,bib70,no -1676-speaker_number-3,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1676-speakers-3,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1676-speaker_number-4,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -1676-speakers-4,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""17""}",,,bib1282,no -1676-speaker_number-5,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2541,no -1676-speakers-5,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""505""}",,,bib2541,no -1676-speaker_number-6,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1676-speakers-6,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""the youngest in their sixties""}",,,bib5217,no +1676-speaker_number-3,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1676-speakers-3,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1676-speaker_number-4,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +1676-speakers-4,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""17""}",,,bib1291,no +1676-speaker_number-5,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2554,no +1676-speakers-5,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""505""}",,,bib2554,no +1676-speaker_number-6,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1676-speakers-6,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""the youngest in their sixties""}",,,bib5240,no 1676-speaker_number-7,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1676-speakers-7,1676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1676-speaker_number-8,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -1676-speakers-8,1676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,762"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""21 fluent and 44 semi-speakers. 249 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""44"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""249""}",,,bib2905,no -1676-speaker_number-9,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -1676-speakers-9,1676,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,,bib5309,no +1676-speaker_number-8,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +1676-speakers-8,1676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,762"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""21 fluent and 44 semi-speakers. 249 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""44"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""249""}",,,bib2919,no +1676-speaker_number-9,1676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +1676-speakers-9,1676,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,,bib5332,no 1676-LEI-1,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1676-transmission-1,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1676-speaker_number_trends-1,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes @@ -13020,46 +13082,46 @@ ethnic population: Witsuwit'en 4,355; Nedut’en4,085",bib73,yes 1676-transmission-2,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers are 60 and older.,bib70,no 1676-speaker_number_trends-2,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers are 60 and older.,bib70,no 1676-vitality-2,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers are 60 and older.,bib70,no -1676-LEI-3,1676,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1676-vitality-3,1676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1676-LEI-4,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1282,no -1676-transmission-4,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1282,no -1676-speaker_number_trends-4,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1282,no -1676-vitality-4,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1282,no -1676-LEI-5,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2541,no -1676-transmission-5,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2541,no -1676-speaker_number_trends-5,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2541,no -1676-vitality-5,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2541,no -1676-LEI-6,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1676-transmission-6,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1676-domains_of_use-6,1676,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -1676-speaker_number_trends-6,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1676-vitality-6,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +1676-LEI-3,1676,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1676-vitality-3,1676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1676-LEI-4,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1291,no +1676-transmission-4,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1291,no +1676-speaker_number_trends-4,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1291,no +1676-vitality-4,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".7% fluent speakers, 1% semispeakers, 35.9% active learners.",bib1291,no +1676-LEI-5,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2554,no +1676-transmission-5,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2554,no +1676-speaker_number_trends-5,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2554,no +1676-vitality-5,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1% fluent speakers, 30.4% semispeakers, 15.7% learners.",bib2554,no +1676-LEI-6,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1676-transmission-6,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1676-domains_of_use-6,1676,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +1676-speaker_number_trends-6,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1676-vitality-6,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 1676-LEI-7,1676,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1676-vitality-7,1676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1676-LEI-8,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1676-transmission-8,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1676-domains_of_use-8,1676,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -1676-speaker_number_trends-8,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1676-vitality-8,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1676-LEI-8,1676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1676-transmission-8,1676,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1676-domains_of_use-8,1676,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +1676-speaker_number_trends-8,1676,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1676-vitality-8,1676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1677-context-1,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Plains Cree"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib70,no -1677-context-2,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5221,no -1677-context-3,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1677-context-4,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1709,no -1677-context-5,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"All of the schools on the three reserves in Canada have Blackfoot language classes, and the Blood Tribe has an extensive language program that includes immersion based instruction. In Montana, the Piegan Institute, a non-profit group, operates successful immersion schools on the Blackfeet Reservation.",bib5309,no -1677-context-6,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Piegan Institute; The Blackfeet Reservation (US)""}",,,bib6034,yes +1677-context-2,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5244,no +1677-context-3,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1677-context-4,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1721,no +1677-context-5,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"All of the schools on the three reserves in Canada have Blackfoot language classes, and the Blood Tribe has an extensive language program that includes immersion based instruction. In Montana, the Piegan Institute, a non-profit group, operates successful immersion schools on the Blackfeet Reservation.",bib5332,no +1677-context-6,1677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Piegan Institute; The Blackfeet Reservation (US)""}",,,bib6058,yes 1677-location-1,1677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.0, -112.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1677-location-2,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib67,no 1677-location-3,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, US""]}",,"Canada: Alberta: Blackfoot, Blood, and Piegan reserves. US: Montana: Blackfeet Reservation.",bib70,no -1677-location-4,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: Alberta.\nUS: Montana.\n\nSpoken by 4 bands.""]}",,,bib5221,no -1677-location-5,1677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.5699, -113.0918]]}",,,bib5307,no -1677-location-6,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Alberta, Montana""], ""Description"": ""Blackfoot, Peigan, and Blood Reserves in southern Alberta, and on the Blackfeet Reservation in\nnorthwestern Montana.""}",,,bib5217,no -1677-location-7,1677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.5699, -113.0918]]}",,,bib1709,no -1677-location-8,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Alberta and northwestern Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Blackfoot, Peigan and Blood Reserves in Alberta and on the Blackfeet Reservation in Montana.""}",,,bib5309,no -1677-location-9,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Most speakers live on one of the four federal reservations running along the east side of the Lewis Range of the Rocky Mountains from Gleichen, AB in the north to Heart Butte, MT in the south (Kevin McManigal as quoted in Prins, 2019)""]}",,,bib6034,yes -1677-speaker_number-1,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2740,no -1677-speakers-1,1677,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""no more than 1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2740,no +1677-location-4,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: Alberta.\nUS: Montana.\n\nSpoken by 4 bands.""]}",,,bib5244,no +1677-location-5,1677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.5699, -113.0918]]}",,,bib5330,no +1677-location-6,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Alberta, Montana""], ""Description"": ""Blackfoot, Peigan, and Blood Reserves in southern Alberta, and on the Blackfeet Reservation in\nnorthwestern Montana.""}",,,bib5240,no +1677-location-7,1677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.5699, -113.0918]]}",,,bib1721,no +1677-location-8,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Alberta and northwestern Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Blackfoot, Peigan and Blood Reserves in Alberta and on the Blackfeet Reservation in Montana.""}",,,bib5332,no +1677-location-9,1677,location,"{""Places"": [""Most speakers live on one of the four federal reservations running along the east side of the Lewis Range of the Rocky Mountains from Gleichen, AB in the north to Heart Butte, MT in the south (Kevin McManigal as quoted in Prins, 2019)""]}",,,bib6058,yes +1677-speaker_number-1,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2754,no +1677-speakers-1,1677,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""no more than 1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2754,no 1677-speaker_number-2,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 4,500 in Canada (2001 census). The number of speakers is decreasing. There are few monolinguals.",bib67,no 1677-speakers-2,1677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 4,500 in Canada (2001 census). The number of speakers is decreasing. There are few monolinguals.",bib67,no 1677-speaker_number-3,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Canada: 3250 (2011 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 15,000. @@ -13069,137 +13131,137 @@ US: 100 (2001 I. Goddard), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1,600 (2000 census). 5 US: 100 (2001 I. Goddard), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1,600 (2000 census). 5,000 (2001 I. Goddard).",bib70,no 1677-speaker_number-4,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3250 in Canada (Census 2011). -50 or less in US (p.c. Kipp 2009).",bib5221,no +50 or less in US (p.c. Kipp 2009).",bib5244,no 1677-speakers-4,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada), 2009 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3250 in Canada (Census 2011). -50 or less in US (p.c. Kipp 2009).",bib5221,no -1677-speaker_number-5,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1677-speakers-5,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1677-speaker_number-6,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Canada, 5,605 first-language speakers of Blackfoot were counted in the 1996 census, out of a total combined Band membership of over 15,000. In the United States the 1990 census counted 1,062 first-language speakers in a tribal enrollment of approximately 13,000.",bib5217,no -1677-speakers-6,1677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,667"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 Canada, 1990 US (census reports)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Canada, 5,605 first-language speakers of Blackfoot were counted in the 1996 census, out of a total combined Band membership of over 15,000. In the United States the 1990 census counted 1,062 first-language speakers in a tribal enrollment of approximately 13,000.",bib5217,no +50 or less in US (p.c. Kipp 2009).",bib5244,no +1677-speaker_number-5,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1677-speakers-5,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1677-speaker_number-6,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Canada, 5,605 first-language speakers of Blackfoot were counted in the 1996 census, out of a total combined Band membership of over 15,000. In the United States the 1990 census counted 1,062 first-language speakers in a tribal enrollment of approximately 13,000.",bib5240,no +1677-speakers-6,1677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,667"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 Canada, 1990 US (census reports)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Canada, 5,605 first-language speakers of Blackfoot were counted in the 1996 census, out of a total combined Band membership of over 15,000. In the United States the 1990 census counted 1,062 first-language speakers in a tribal enrollment of approximately 13,000.",bib5240,no 1677-speaker_number-7,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1677-speakers-7,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1677-speaker_number-8,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1677-speakers-8,1677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no -1677-speaker_number-9,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6034,yes -1677-speakers-9,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800 total: 2,750 in Canada and 50 in the US"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,350""}",,,bib6034,yes -1677-LEI-1,1677,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2740,no -1677-transmission-1,1677,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2740,no -1677-vitality-1,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2740,no +1677-speaker_number-8,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1677-speakers-8,1677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no +1677-speaker_number-9,1677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6058,yes +1677-speakers-9,1677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800 total: 2,750 in Canada and 50 in the US"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,350""}",,,bib6058,yes +1677-LEI-1,1677,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2754,no +1677-transmission-1,1677,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2754,no +1677-vitality-1,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""There are several efforts being made to promote use of the language. A number of schools in southern Alberta have classes at the elementary and middle school levels that meet once or twice per week. Mizuki Miyashita, a linguist at the University of Montana, is conducting several projects aimed at increasing use of the language on the Blackfeet reservation. Libraries, museums and friendship centres in community also offer language classes."" (Frantz, 2019)",bib2754,no 1677-LEI-2,1677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1677-vitality-2,1677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1677-LEI-3,1677,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1677-transmission-3,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1677-speaker_number_trends-3,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Mainly adults.,bib70,no 1677-vitality-3,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mainly adults.,bib70,no -1677-LEI-4,1677,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5221,no -1677-transmission-4,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5221,no -1677-speaker_number_trends-4,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5221,no -1677-vitality-4,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5221,no -1677-LEI-5,1677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1677-vitality-5,1677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1677-LEI-6,1677,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1677-transmission-6,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5217,no -1677-domains_of_use-6,1677,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5217,no -1677-speaker_number_trends-6,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,no -1677-vitality-6,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +1677-LEI-4,1677,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5244,no +1677-transmission-4,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5244,no +1677-speaker_number_trends-4,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5244,no +1677-vitality-4,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5244,no +1677-LEI-5,1677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1677-vitality-5,1677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1677-LEI-6,1677,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1677-transmission-6,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,no +1677-domains_of_use-6,1677,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5240,no +1677-speaker_number_trends-6,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,no +1677-vitality-6,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 1677-LEI-7,1677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1677-vitality-7,1677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1677-LEI-8,1677,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1677-transmission-8,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1677-domains_of_use-8,1677,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5309,no -1677-speaker_number_trends-8,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1677-vitality-8,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -1677-LEI-9,1677,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6034,yes -1677-transmission-9,1677,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6034,yes -1677-domains_of_use-9,1677,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6034,yes -1677-speaker_number_trends-9,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6034,yes -1677-vitality-9,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6034,yes +1677-LEI-8,1677,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1677-transmission-8,1677,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1677-domains_of_use-8,1677,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5332,no +1677-speaker_number_trends-8,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1677-vitality-8,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +1677-LEI-9,1677,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6058,yes +1677-transmission-9,1677,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6058,yes +1677-domains_of_use-9,1677,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6058,yes +1677-speaker_number_trends-9,1677,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6058,yes +1677-vitality-9,1677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Significant revitalization efforts are underway, including culture and language instruction at public schools and colleges: Cuts Wood School (Browning, MT), Blackfeet Community College, University of Montana, University of Lethbridge, Red Crow College. (Prins, 2019)",bib6058,yes 1678-context-1,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1678-context-2,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1678-context-3,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1709,no -1678-context-4,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Since the 1970s the Caddo Tribe has devoted significant resources to recording and archiving songs, oral history, and language, and recently the Tribe’s heritage department, the Kiwat Hasinay Foundation, has been concerned with the long-term archiving and preservation of this record.",bib5309,no +1678-context-2,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1678-context-3,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1721,no +1678-context-4,1678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Since the 1970s the Caddo Tribe has devoted significant resources to recording and archiving songs, oral history, and language, and recently the Tribe’s heritage department, the Kiwat Hasinay Foundation, has been concerned with the long-term archiving and preservation of this record.",bib5332,no 1678-location-1,1678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.3333333333, -93.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1678-location-2,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""]}",,,bib67,no -1678-location-3,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0985, -98.2603]]}",,,bib5307,no -1678-location-4,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Present Caddo County, Oklahoma, primarily in the vicinity of Anadarko and Binger.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1678-location-5,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.0985, -98.2603]]}",,,bib1709,no -1678-location-6,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Caddo County, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5309,no +1678-location-3,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0985, -98.2603]]}",,,bib5330,no +1678-location-4,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Present Caddo County, Oklahoma, primarily in the vicinity of Anadarko and Binger.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1678-location-5,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.0985, -98.2603]]}",,,bib1721,no +1678-location-6,1678,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Caddo County, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5332,no 1678-speaker_number-1,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"25 (1997 W. Chafe). No monolinguals (2000 Levy), ethnic population: 45 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no 1678-speakers-1,1678,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 speakers, 2000 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"25 (1997 W. Chafe). No monolinguals (2000 Levy), ethnic population: 45 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no -1678-speaker_number-2,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1678-speakers-2,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1678-speaker_number-3,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by fewer than 25 elderly members of the tribe.,bib5217,yes -1678-speakers-3,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by fewer than 25 elderly members of the tribe.,bib5217,yes +1678-speaker_number-2,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1678-speakers-2,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1678-speaker_number-3,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by fewer than 25 elderly members of the tribe.,bib5240,yes +1678-speakers-3,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by fewer than 25 elderly members of the tribe.,bib5240,yes 1678-speaker_number-4,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1678-speakers-4,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1678-speaker_number-5,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -1678-speakers-5,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,no +1678-speaker_number-5,1678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +1678-speakers-5,1678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,no 1678-LEI-1,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1678-transmission-1,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 1678-domains_of_use-1,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib67,no 1678-speaker_number_trends-1,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1678-vitality-1,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib67,no -1678-LEI-2,1678,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1678-vitality-2,1678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1678-LEI-3,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1678-transmission-3,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -1678-domains_of_use-3,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,yes -1678-speaker_number_trends-3,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1678-vitality-3,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,yes -1678-LEI-4,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -1678-transmission-4,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,no -1678-domains_of_use-4,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1709,no -1678-speaker_number_trends-4,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1709,no -1678-vitality-4,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1709,no +1678-LEI-2,1678,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1678-vitality-2,1678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1678-LEI-3,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1678-transmission-3,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +1678-domains_of_use-3,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,yes +1678-speaker_number_trends-3,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1678-vitality-3,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,yes +1678-LEI-4,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +1678-transmission-4,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,no +1678-domains_of_use-4,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1721,no +1678-speaker_number_trends-4,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1721,no +1678-vitality-4,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1721,no 1678-LEI-5,1678,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1678-vitality-5,1678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1678-LEI-6,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1678-transmission-6,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1678-domains_of_use-6,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -1678-speaker_number_trends-6,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1678-vitality-6,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1678-LEI-6,1678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1678-transmission-6,1678,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1678-domains_of_use-6,1678,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +1678-speaker_number_trends-6,1678,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1678-vitality-6,1678,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1679-context-1,1679,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1679-location-1,1679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5, -116.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1679-location-2,1679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California; Southern California, San Gorgonio Pass and Mohave Desert areas.""}",,,bib67,yes 1679-location-3,1679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: California""]}",,California: San Gorgonio Pass and Mohave Desert areas.,bib70,no -1679-location-4,1679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5404, -116.7436]]}",,,bib5307,no -1679-location-5,1679,location,"{""Description"": ""In the inland area of southern California, including people at Morongo, Agua Caliente\n(Palm Springs), Cabazon, Augustine, Torres-Martinez, Santa Rosa, Cahuilla, Ramona, and Los\nCoyotes.""}",,,bib5217,no -1679-location-6,1679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5404, -116.7436]]}",,,bib1709,no -1679-location-7,1679,location,"{""Places"": [""Inland area of southern California""]}",,,bib5309,no +1679-location-4,1679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5404, -116.7436]]}",,,bib5330,no +1679-location-5,1679,location,"{""Description"": ""In the inland area of southern California, including people at Morongo, Agua Caliente\n(Palm Springs), Cabazon, Augustine, Torres-Martinez, Santa Rosa, Cahuilla, Ramona, and Los\nCoyotes.""}",,,bib5240,no +1679-location-6,1679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5404, -116.7436]]}",,,bib1721,no +1679-location-7,1679,location,"{""Places"": [""Inland area of southern California""]}",,,bib5332,no 1679-speaker_number-1,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Hinton (1994). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,yes 1679-speakers-1,1679,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from L. Hinton (1994). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,yes 1679-speaker_number-2,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"35 (2009 SIL), ethnic population 800 (Hinton 2007).",bib70,no 1679-speakers-2,1679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"35 (2009 SIL), ethnic population 800 (Hinton 2007).",bib70,no -1679-speaker_number-3,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1679-speakers-3,1679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1679-speaker_number-4,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are approximately 30 fluent first-language speakers of Cahuilla in a combined reservation population of about 2,300.",bib5217,no -1679-speakers-4,1679,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are approximately 30 fluent first-language speakers of Cahuilla in a combined reservation population of about 2,300.",bib5217,no +1679-speaker_number-3,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1679-speakers-3,1679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1679-speaker_number-4,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are approximately 30 fluent first-language speakers of Cahuilla in a combined reservation population of about 2,300.",bib5240,no +1679-speakers-4,1679,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are approximately 30 fluent first-language speakers of Cahuilla in a combined reservation population of about 2,300.",bib5240,no 1679-speaker_number-5,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1679-speakers-5,1679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1679-speaker_number-6,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -1679-speakers-6,1679,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,no +1679-speaker_number-6,1679,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +1679-speakers-6,1679,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,no 1679-LEI-1,1679,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 1679-vitality-1,1679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 1679-LEI-2,1679,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1679-transmission-2,1679,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1679-speaker_number_trends-2,1679,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1679-vitality-2,1679,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1679-LEI-3,1679,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1679-vitality-3,1679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1679-LEI-4,1679,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1679-transmission-4,1679,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1679-domains_of_use-4,1679,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -1679-speaker_number_trends-4,1679,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1679-vitality-4,1679,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +1679-LEI-3,1679,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1679-vitality-3,1679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1679-LEI-4,1679,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1679-transmission-4,1679,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1679-domains_of_use-4,1679,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +1679-speaker_number_trends-4,1679,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1679-vitality-4,1679,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 1679-LEI-5,1679,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1679-vitality-5,1679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1679-LEI-6,1679,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1679-speaker_number_trends-6,1679,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1679-vitality-6,1679,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5309,no -1680-context-1,1680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -1680-context-2,1680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +1679-LEI-6,1679,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1679-speaker_number_trends-6,1679,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1679-vitality-6,1679,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5332,no +1680-context-1,1680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1680-context-2,1680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 1680-location-1,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[53.56, -122.89]]}",,,bib73,yes 1680-location-2,1680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.75, -123.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1680-location-3,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: spoken over a wide area of central interior B.C., in 14 communities: @@ -13216,112 +13278,112 @@ Tl'azt'en Nation 
 Tsil Kaz Koh (Burns Lake) 
 Ulkatchot'en First Nation 
 Yekooche First Nation 
 -Urban centres, especially Prince 
George and Quesnel",bib2541,no -1680-location-4,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Alberta. Carrier (locally called Dakelh) is spoken in a number of local varieties, traditionally divided into \u201cUpper Carrier\u201d (the communities to the north of Fort St. James, around Stuart and Trembleur Lakes) and \u201cLower Carrier\u201d in communities to the south. More recent research indicates that Lower Carrier should be split into a Fraser/Nechako dialect group (Prince George, Cheslatta, Stoney Creek, Nautley, and Stellakoh) and a Blackwater dialect group (Ulkatcho, Kluskus, Nazko, Red Bluff, and Anahim Lake).""}",,,bib5217,no -1680-location-5,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia""}",,,bib5309,no +Urban centres, especially Prince 
George and Quesnel",bib2554,no +1680-location-4,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Alberta. Carrier (locally called Dakelh) is spoken in a number of local varieties, traditionally divided into \u201cUpper Carrier\u201d (the communities to the north of Fort St. James, around Stuart and Trembleur Lakes) and \u201cLower Carrier\u201d in communities to the south. More recent research indicates that Lower Carrier should be split into a Fraser/Nechako dialect group (Prince George, Cheslatta, Stoney Creek, Nautley, and Stellakoh) and a Blackwater dialect group (Ulkatcho, Kluskus, Nazko, Red Bluff, and Anahim Lake).""}",,,bib5240,no +1680-location-5,1680,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia""}",,,bib5332,no 1680-speaker_number-1,1680,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1680-speakers-1,1680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,807"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""731"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,484""}",,,bib73,yes -1680-speaker_number-2,1680,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Of the ethnic population, 4.5% are fluent and 4.4% are semi-speakers. A further 20.6% of the population are active language learners, adding the semi-speaker and active learner portion of the population gets us the total amount of semi speakers: 2,265",bib1282,no -1680-speakers-2,1680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,956"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""399"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2,265""}",,"Of the ethnic population, 4.5% are fluent and 4.4% are semi-speakers. A further 20.6% of the population are active language learners, adding the semi-speaker and active learner portion of the population gets us the total amount of semi speakers: 2,265",bib1282,no -1680-speaker_number-3,1680,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1680-speakers-3,1680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1380""}",,,bib2541,no +1680-speaker_number-2,1680,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Of the ethnic population, 4.5% are fluent and 4.4% are semi-speakers. A further 20.6% of the population are active language learners, adding the semi-speaker and active learner portion of the population gets us the total amount of semi speakers: 2,265",bib1291,no +1680-speakers-2,1680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,956"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""399"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2,265""}",,"Of the ethnic population, 4.5% are fluent and 4.4% are semi-speakers. A further 20.6% of the population are active language learners, adding the semi-speaker and active learner portion of the population gets us the total amount of semi speakers: 2,265",bib1291,no +1680-speaker_number-3,1680,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1680-speakers-3,1680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1380""}",,,bib2554,no 1680-speaker_number-5,1680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1680-speakers-5,1680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1680-speaker_number-6,1680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2905,no -1680-speakers-6,1680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310 fluent and 729 semi-speakers in British Columbia. 698 (second) language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""729"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""698""}",,,bib2905,no -1680-speaker_number-7,1680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1680-speakers-7,1680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1680-speaker_number-6,1680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2919,no +1680-speakers-6,1680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310 fluent and 729 semi-speakers in British Columbia. 698 (second) language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""729"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""698""}",,,bib2919,no +1680-speaker_number-7,1680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1680-speakers-7,1680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1680-LEI-1,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1680-transmission-1,1680,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib73,yes 1680-speaker_number_trends-1,1680,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib73,yes 1680-vitality-1,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1680-LEI-2,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1282,no -1680-transmission-2,1680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1282,no -1680-speaker_number_trends-2,1680,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1282,no -1680-vitality-2,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1282,no -1680-LEI-3,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1680-transmission-3,1680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1680-speaker_number_trends-3,1680,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1680-vitality-3,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no +1680-LEI-2,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1291,no +1680-transmission-2,1680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1291,no +1680-speaker_number_trends-2,1680,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1291,no +1680-vitality-2,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.5% fluent speakers, 4.7% semispeakers, 20.7% active learners.",bib1291,no +1680-LEI-3,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1680-transmission-3,1680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1680-speaker_number_trends-3,1680,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1680-vitality-3,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"7.3% fluent speakers, 14.8% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no 1680-LEI-4,1680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1680-vitality-4,1680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1680-LEI-5,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1680-transmission-5,1680,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1680-domains_of_use-5,1680,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -1680-speaker_number_trends-5,1680,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1680-vitality-5,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1680-LEI-5,1680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1680-transmission-5,1680,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1680-domains_of_use-5,1680,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +1680-speaker_number_trends-5,1680,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1680-vitality-5,1680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1681-location-1,1681,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Near Rock Hill, South Carolina.""}",,,bib69,no 1681-location-2,1681,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""South Carolina"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.5, -80.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1681-location-3,1681,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Catawba Nation of York County, South Carolina""}",,,bib5217,no -1681-speakers-1,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib5467,yes +1681-location-3,1681,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Catawba Nation of York County, South Carolina""}",,,bib5240,no +1681-speakers-1,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib5490,yes 1681-speakers-2,1681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977 (for ethnic population figures)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"No known L1 speakers, but emerging L2 speakers."" ""The last speaker died before 1960.",bib69,no -1681-speakers-3,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Dormant. The language continued to be spoken through the mid-20th century.,bib5217,no -1681-speakers-4,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Last known fluent speaker passed away in 1959.,bib5309,no -1681-LEI-1,1681,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5467,yes -1681-vitality-1,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5467,yes +1681-speakers-3,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Dormant. The language continued to be spoken through the mid-20th century.,bib5240,no +1681-speakers-4,1681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Last known fluent speaker passed away in 1959.,bib5332,no +1681-LEI-1,1681,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5490,yes +1681-vitality-1,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5490,yes 1681-LEI-2,1681,LEI,Awakening (),,Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a language revitalization effort (Golla 2007).,bib69,no 1681-vitality-2,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a language revitalization effort (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -1681-LEI-3,1681,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1681-vitality-3,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -1681-LEI-4,1681,LEI,Awakening (),,"Catawba is well documented, and the Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a vigorous language revitalization effort.",bib5309,no -1681-vitality-4,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Catawba is well documented, and the Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a vigorous language revitalization effort.",bib5309,no +1681-LEI-3,1681,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1681-vitality-3,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +1681-LEI-4,1681,LEI,Awakening (),,"Catawba is well documented, and the Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a vigorous language revitalization effort.",bib5332,no +1681-vitality-4,1681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Catawba is well documented, and the Catawba Nation’s Cultural Preservation Program is engaged in a vigorous language revitalization effort.",bib5332,no 1682-context-1,1682,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1682-location-1,1682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.75, -76.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1682-location-2,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Grand River, Six Nations Reserve, Ontario.""}",,,bib67,no 1682-location-3,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Ontario: Grand River, Six Nations Reserve. US: New York: Cattaraugus Reservation.",bib70,no -1682-location-4,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""Ontario, Michigan""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1682-location-5,1682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.019, -80.1506]]}",,,bib1709,no -1682-location-6,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""Grand River, Ontario""]}",,,bib5309,no +1682-location-4,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""Ontario, Michigan""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1682-location-5,1682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.019, -80.1506]]}",,,bib1721,no +1682-location-6,1682,location,"{""Places"": [""Grand River, Ontario""]}",,,bib5332,no 1682-speaker_number-1,1682,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 in Canada.,bib67,no 1682-speakers-1,1682,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 in Canada.,bib67,no 1682-speaker_number-2,1682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Canada: 240 (2011 census), ethnic population 3000 (Yamamoto 2007). US: 10 (1991 M. Kinkade), decreasing; ethnic population 45 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1682-speakers-2,1682,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3045"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada), 1991 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Canada: 240 (2011 census), ethnic population 3000 (Yamamoto 2007). US: 10 (1991 M. Kinkade), decreasing; ethnic population 45 (2000 census).",bib70,no -1682-speaker_number-3,1682,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are about 100 first-language speakers of Cayuga in Ontario, the youngest around 40 years of age. A dialect of Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma as late as the 1980s but is now apparently extinct.",bib5217,yes -1682-speakers-3,1682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are about 100 first-language speakers of Cayuga in Ontario, the youngest around 40 years of age. A dialect of Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma as late as the 1980s but is now apparently extinct.",bib5217,yes +1682-speaker_number-3,1682,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are about 100 first-language speakers of Cayuga in Ontario, the youngest around 40 years of age. A dialect of Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma as late as the 1980s but is now apparently extinct.",bib5240,yes +1682-speakers-3,1682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are about 100 first-language speakers of Cayuga in Ontario, the youngest around 40 years of age. A dialect of Cayuga was spoken in Oklahoma as late as the 1980s but is now apparently extinct.",bib5240,yes 1682-speaker_number-4,1682,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1682-speakers-4,1682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1682-speaker_number-5,1682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The youngest [speakers] around 40 years of age (Golla 2007).,bib5309,no -1682-speakers-5,1682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The youngest [speakers] around 40 years of age (Golla 2007).,bib5309,no +1682-speaker_number-5,1682,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The youngest [speakers] around 40 years of age (Golla 2007).,bib5332,no +1682-speakers-5,1682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The youngest [speakers] around 40 years of age (Golla 2007).,bib5332,no 1682-LEI-1,1682,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1682-vitality-1,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1682-LEI-2,1682,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 40 years and older,bib70,no 1682-transmission-2,1682,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 40 years and older,bib70,no 1682-speaker_number_trends-2,1682,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 40 years and older,bib70,no 1682-vitality-2,1682,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 40 years and older,bib70,no -1682-LEI-3,1682,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1682-vitality-3,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1682-LEI-3,1682,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1682-vitality-3,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1682-LEI-4,1682,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1682-vitality-4,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1682-LEI-5,1682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1682-vitality-5,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +1682-LEI-5,1682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1682-vitality-5,1682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 1683-context-2,1683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Chukchi""}",,,bib213,yes 1683-location-1,1683,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.0, -173.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1683-location-2,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""USA: Alaska, St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savonga villages. Russia: Chukchi National Okrug, Bering Sea coast, Wrangel Island; Providenie region, Chaplino, Novo-Chaplino and Providenie villages.""}",,,bib67,no 1683-location-3,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Russia""]}",,"USA: Alaska: Gambell, Savoonga on Saint Lawrence Island. Russia: Chukotskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug, Bering Sea coast, Wrangel island; Providenie region, Chaplino, Novoe Chaplino, Provideniya, and Sireniki villages.",bib70,no -1683-location-4,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.7444, -171.7242], [64.546, -173.128]]}",,,bib5307,no -1683-location-5,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""St. Lawrence Island, Alaska; Chukotka Peninsula, Russia""}",,"In two villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga, others Nome and Anchorage. Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’.",bib5217,no -1683-location-6,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.7444, -171.7242]]}",,,bib1709,no -1683-location-7,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Alaska and the Chukotka Peninsula in Russia""}",,,bib5309,no +1683-location-4,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.7444, -171.7242], [64.546, -173.128]]}",,,bib5330,no +1683-location-5,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""St. Lawrence Island, Alaska; Chukotka Peninsula, Russia""}",,"In two villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga, others Nome and Anchorage. Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’.",bib5240,no +1683-location-6,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.7444, -171.7242]]}",,,bib1721,no +1683-location-7,1683,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Alaska and the Chukotka Peninsula in Russia""}",,,bib5332,no 1683-speaker_number-1,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,830 in United States (2000 census). US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 1050 in USA (Krauss 1995). 300 in Russian Federation (A. Kibrik 1991).,bib67,no 1683-speakers-1,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (US), 1991 (Russia)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,830 in United States (2000 census). US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 1050 in USA (Krauss 1995). 300 in Russian Federation (A. Kibrik 1991).,bib67,no 1683-speaker_number-2,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"US: 1,000 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 1400 (Dorais 2010). Russian Federation: 200 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 1200 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no 1683-speakers-2,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"US: 1,000 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 1400 (Dorais 2010). Russian Federation: 200 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 1200 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no -1683-speaker_number-3,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1683-speakers-3,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1683-speaker_number-4,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Central Siberian Yupik is spoken in Alaska in 2 villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga. Almost the entire adult population (1200 on the island, about 200 more in Nome and Anchorage) speaks the language, although a decreasing number of children acquire it as their first language. The St. Lawrence Island dialect is nearly identical to the Yupik spoken on the Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, largely concentrated in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’. There are about 300 Russian speakers of Central Siberian Yupik in a population of about 900, none under 30.",bib5217,no -1683-speakers-4,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Central Siberian Yupik is spoken in Alaska in 2 villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga. Almost the entire adult population (1200 on the island, about 200 more in Nome and Anchorage) speaks the language, although a decreasing number of children acquire it as their first language. The St. Lawrence Island dialect is nearly identical to the Yupik spoken on the Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, largely concentrated in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’. There are about 300 Russian speakers of Central Siberian Yupik in a population of about 900, none under 30.",bib5217,no -1683-speaker_number-5,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 Alaska, 300 Russia. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 900 Russia",bib1574,no -1683-speakers-5,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 Alaska, 300 Russia. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 900 Russia",bib1574,no +1683-speaker_number-3,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1683-speakers-3,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1683-speaker_number-4,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Central Siberian Yupik is spoken in Alaska in 2 villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga. Almost the entire adult population (1200 on the island, about 200 more in Nome and Anchorage) speaks the language, although a decreasing number of children acquire it as their first language. The St. Lawrence Island dialect is nearly identical to the Yupik spoken on the Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, largely concentrated in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’. There are about 300 Russian speakers of Central Siberian Yupik in a population of about 900, none under 30.",bib5240,no +1683-speakers-4,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Central Siberian Yupik is spoken in Alaska in 2 villages on St. Lawrence Island, Gambell and Savoonga. Almost the entire adult population (1200 on the island, about 200 more in Nome and Anchorage) speaks the language, although a decreasing number of children acquire it as their first language. The St. Lawrence Island dialect is nearly identical to the Yupik spoken on the Chukotka Peninsula on the Russian side of the Bering Strait, largely concentrated in the villages of Novoye Chaplino, Sireniki, Provideniya, and Uel’kal’. There are about 300 Russian speakers of Central Siberian Yupik in a population of about 900, none under 30.",bib5240,no +1683-speaker_number-5,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 Alaska, 300 Russia. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 900 Russia",bib1586,no +1683-speakers-5,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 Alaska, 300 Russia. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 900 Russia",bib1586,no 1683-speaker_number-6,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1683-speakers-6,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1683-speaker_number-7,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1683-speakers-7,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1683-speaker_number-7,1683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1683-speakers-7,1683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1683-speaker_number-8,1683,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib213,yes 1683-speakers-8,1683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1718"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""886"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib213,yes 1683-LEI-1,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -13334,20 +13396,20 @@ Russia: Speakers 30 years and older.",bib70,no Russia: Speakers 30 years and older.",bib70,no 1683-vitality-2,1683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"USA: Almost all adults speak the language. Decreasing number of children acquire it as L1. Russia: Speakers 30 years and older.",bib70,no -1683-LEI-3,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1683-vitality-3,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1683-LEI-4,1683,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1683-transmission-4,1683,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,no -1683-speaker_number_trends-4,1683,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5217,no -1683-vitality-4,1683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1683-LEI-5,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,no -1683-vitality-5,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1574,no +1683-LEI-3,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1683-vitality-3,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1683-LEI-4,1683,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1683-transmission-4,1683,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,no +1683-speaker_number_trends-4,1683,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib5240,no +1683-vitality-4,1683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1683-LEI-5,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,no +1683-vitality-5,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1586,no 1683-LEI-6,1683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1683-vitality-6,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1683-LEI-7,1683,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1683-transmission-7,1683,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5309,no -1683-speaker_number_trends-7,1683,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5309,no -1683-vitality-7,1683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,no +1683-LEI-7,1683,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1683-transmission-7,1683,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5332,no +1683-speaker_number_trends-7,1683,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5332,no +1683-vitality-7,1683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,no 1683-LEI-8,1683,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"By today a great number of the ethnic Eskimo have been assimilated either by Russians or the Chukchi, culturally as well as linguistically.",bib213,yes 1683-vitality-8,1683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"By today a great number of the ethnic Eskimo have been assimilated either by Russians or the Chukchi, culturally as well as linguistically.",bib213,yes 1684-context-1,1684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no @@ -13355,10 +13417,10 @@ Russia: Speakers 30 years and older.",bib70,no 1684-location-2,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib67,no 1684-location-3,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oklahoma, North Carolina""]}",,"Oklahoma: Cherokee Reservation. North Carolina: Great Smokey Mountains area.",bib70,no -1684-location-4,1684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.7544, -98.3569]]}",,,bib5307,no -1684-location-5,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""North Carolina, Oklahoma, Arkansas""]}",,,bib5217,no -1684-location-6,1684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.113, -84.0588], [36.7544, -98.3569]]}",,,bib1709,no -1684-location-8,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma and North Carolina""]}",,,bib5309,no +1684-location-4,1684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.7544, -98.3569]]}",,,bib5330,no +1684-location-5,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""North Carolina, Oklahoma, Arkansas""]}",,,bib5240,no +1684-location-6,1684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.113, -84.0588], [36.7544, -98.3569]]}",,,bib1721,no +1684-location-8,1684,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma and North Carolina""]}",,,bib5332,no 1684-speaker_number-1,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. There are 130 monolinguals. ""14,000 on Oklahoma rolls (1986 D. Feeling), 1,000 in North Carolina (1997 R. Sabino)."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census, and includes ""70,000 on Oklahoma rolls (1986 D. Feeling), 9,800 in Eastern Band (1997 R. Sabino).""",bib67,no 1684-speakers-1,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""308,132"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. There are 130 monolinguals. ""14,000 on Oklahoma rolls (1986 D. Feeling), 1,000 in North Carolina (1997 R. Sabino)."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census, and includes ""70,000 on Oklahoma rolls (1986 D. Feeling), 9,800 in Eastern Band (1997 R. Sabino).""",bib67,no 1684-speaker_number-2,1684,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma: 10,000 of the 122,000 member. @@ -13367,117 +13429,117 @@ United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas: by a high percentage of 7500 mem 1684-speakers-2,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""140,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(2010 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma: 10,000 of the 122,000 member. Eastern Band of Cherokees in North Carolina: 1000 of the 10,000. United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas: by a high percentage of 7500 members (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1684-speaker_number-3,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1684-speakers-3,1684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1684-speaker_number-4,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Spoken by up to 10,000 of the more than 122,000 members of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, by about 1,000 of the approximately 10,000 members of the Eastern Band of Cherokees in North Carolina, and by an undetermined — but relatively high — percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas.",bib5217,no -1684-speakers-4,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""139,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Spoken by up to 10,000 of the more than 122,000 members of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, by about 1,000 of the approximately 10,000 members of the Eastern Band of Cherokees in North Carolina, and by an undetermined — but relatively high — percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas.",bib5217,no +1684-speaker_number-3,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1684-speakers-3,1684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1684-speaker_number-4,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Spoken by up to 10,000 of the more than 122,000 members of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, by about 1,000 of the approximately 10,000 members of the Eastern Band of Cherokees in North Carolina, and by an undetermined — but relatively high — percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas.",bib5240,no +1684-speakers-4,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""139,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Spoken by up to 10,000 of the more than 122,000 members of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, by about 1,000 of the approximately 10,000 members of the Eastern Band of Cherokees in North Carolina, and by an undetermined — but relatively high — percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas.",bib5240,no 1684-speaker_number-5,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1684-speakers-5,1684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1684-speaker_number-6,1684,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For decades, there was not an accurate number of Cherokee speakers. The 16,000 estimate came from a survey done back in the 1960s, and for decades it was never updated. Back in the early 2000s, an informal phone survey was done by Cherokee Nation in which about 10,000 people self identified as Cherokee speakers, but there was no way to confirm level of fluency. So starting last year, the Cherokee Language Program at Cherokee Nation started a project to identify all of our first language Cherokee speakers. So far, we have identified around 2,100 first language speakers left at the moment, and all are verified as fluent first language Cherokee speakers. That includes all three federally recognized tribes: Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. This number is the most recent, and most accurate, count. We are continually losing speakers as they pass away.",bib1100,yes -1684-speakers-6,1684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For decades, there was not an accurate number of Cherokee speakers. The 16,000 estimate came from a survey done back in the 1960s, and for decades it was never updated. Back in the early 2000s, an informal phone survey was done by Cherokee Nation in which about 10,000 people self identified as Cherokee speakers, but there was no way to confirm level of fluency. So starting last year, the Cherokee Language Program at Cherokee Nation started a project to identify all of our first language Cherokee speakers. So far, we have identified around 2,100 first language speakers left at the moment, and all are verified as fluent first language Cherokee speakers. That includes all three federally recognized tribes: Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. This number is the most recent, and most accurate, count. We are continually losing speakers as they pass away.",bib1100,yes -1684-speaker_number-8,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In addition, an undetermined, but relatively high, percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas are speakers of the Oklahoma variety.",bib5309,no -1684-speakers-8,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In addition, an undetermined, but relatively high, percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas are speakers of the Oklahoma variety.",bib5309,no +1684-speaker_number-6,1684,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For decades, there was not an accurate number of Cherokee speakers. The 16,000 estimate came from a survey done back in the 1960s, and for decades it was never updated. Back in the early 2000s, an informal phone survey was done by Cherokee Nation in which about 10,000 people self identified as Cherokee speakers, but there was no way to confirm level of fluency. So starting last year, the Cherokee Language Program at Cherokee Nation started a project to identify all of our first language Cherokee speakers. So far, we have identified around 2,100 first language speakers left at the moment, and all are verified as fluent first language Cherokee speakers. That includes all three federally recognized tribes: Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. This number is the most recent, and most accurate, count. We are continually losing speakers as they pass away.",bib1109,yes +1684-speakers-6,1684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For decades, there was not an accurate number of Cherokee speakers. The 16,000 estimate came from a survey done back in the 1960s, and for decades it was never updated. Back in the early 2000s, an informal phone survey was done by Cherokee Nation in which about 10,000 people self identified as Cherokee speakers, but there was no way to confirm level of fluency. So starting last year, the Cherokee Language Program at Cherokee Nation started a project to identify all of our first language Cherokee speakers. So far, we have identified around 2,100 first language speakers left at the moment, and all are verified as fluent first language Cherokee speakers. That includes all three federally recognized tribes: Cherokee Nation, the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. This number is the most recent, and most accurate, count. We are continually losing speakers as they pass away.",bib1109,yes +1684-speaker_number-8,1684,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In addition, an undetermined, but relatively high, percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas are speakers of the Oklahoma variety.",bib5332,no +1684-speakers-8,1684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In addition, an undetermined, but relatively high, percentage of the 7500 members of the United Keetoowah Band of Oklahoma and Arkansas are speakers of the Oklahoma variety.",bib5332,no 1684-LEI-1,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1684-vitality-1,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1684-LEI-2,1684,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1684-transmission-2,1684,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 1684-speaker_number_trends-2,1684,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 1684-vitality-2,1684,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1684-LEI-3,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1684-vitality-3,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1684-LEI-4,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1684-vitality-4,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +1684-LEI-3,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1684-vitality-3,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1684-LEI-4,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1684-vitality-4,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 1684-LEI-5,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1684-vitality-5,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1684-LEI-6,1684,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1100,yes -1684-vitality-6,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1100,yes -1684-LEI-7,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1684-vitality-7,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +1684-LEI-6,1684,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1109,yes +1684-vitality-6,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1109,yes +1684-LEI-7,1684,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1684-vitality-7,1684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 1685-context-1,1685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1685-context-2,1685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +1685-context-2,1685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 1685-location-1,1685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.0, -95.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1685-location-2,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Northern Cheyenne Reservation, southeastern Montana; associated with Arapaho in western Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no 1685-location-3,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Montana, Oklahoma""]}",,Montana: Northern Cheyenne Reservation; associated with Arapaho [arp] in western Oklahoma.,bib70,no -1685-location-4,1685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.6022, -97.9766]]}",,,bib5307,no +1685-location-4,1685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.6022, -97.9766]]}",,,bib5330,no 1685-location-5,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, USA""], ""Description"": ""The Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, located in present-day southeastern Montana.""}",,,bib147,no -1685-location-6,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1685-location-7,1685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5495, -106.5263], [35.6022, -97.9766]]}",,,bib1709,no -1685-location-8,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""Southeastern Montana and central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5309,no +1685-location-6,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1685-location-7,1685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5495, -106.5263], [35.6022, -97.9766]]}",,,bib1721,no +1685-location-8,1685,location,"{""Places"": [""Southeastern Montana and central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5332,no 1685-speaker_number-1,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 1685-speakers-1,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 1685-speaker_number-2,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Montana: 1700, Oklahoma 400 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1685-speakers-2,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Montana: 1700, Oklahoma 400 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1685-speaker_number-3,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1685-speakers-3,1685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1685-speaker_number-3,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1685-speakers-3,1685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1685-speakers-4,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,050""}",,"Approximately 10,050 enrolled tribal members, with about 4,939 residing on the reservation.",bib147,no -1685-speaker_number-5,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation in southeastern Montana, and in scattered communities in central Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes -1685-speakers-5,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000 in Montana, ? Oklahoma"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation in southeastern Montana, and in scattered communities in central Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes +1685-speaker_number-5,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation in southeastern Montana, and in scattered communities in central Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes +1685-speakers-5,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000 in Montana, ? Oklahoma"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken on the Northern Cheyenne Reservation in southeastern Montana, and in scattered communities in central Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes 1685-speaker_number-6,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1685-speakers-6,1685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,721"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1685-speaker_number-7,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1685-speakers-7,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1685-speaker_number-7,1685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1685-speakers-7,1685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1685-LEI-1,1685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1685-vitality-1,1685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1685-LEI-2,1685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1685-vitality-2,1685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1685-LEI-3,1685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1685-vitality-3,1685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1685-LEI-5,1685,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5217,yes -1685-transmission-5,1685,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5217,yes -1685-domains_of_use-5,1685,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5217,yes -1685-speaker_number_trends-5,1685,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5217,yes -1685-vitality-5,1685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5217,yes +1685-LEI-3,1685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1685-vitality-3,1685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1685-LEI-5,1685,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5240,yes +1685-transmission-5,1685,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5240,yes +1685-domains_of_use-5,1685,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5240,yes +1685-speaker_number_trends-5,1685,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5240,yes +1685-vitality-5,1685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most speakers in Oklahoma are middle aged or older.,bib5240,yes 1685-LEI-6,1685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1685-vitality-6,1685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1685-LEI-7,1685,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1685-transmission-7,1685,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1685-speaker_number_trends-7,1685,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1685-vitality-7,1685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,no +1685-LEI-7,1685,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1685-transmission-7,1685,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1685-speaker_number_trends-7,1685,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1685-vitality-7,1685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,no 1686-context-1,1686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1686-context-2,1686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Choctaw""}",,,bib5309,no +1686-context-2,1686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Choctaw""}",,,bib5332,no 1686-location-1,1686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0, -88.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1686-location-2,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Mainly south central Oklahoma, from Byng or Happyland (near Ada) north, Davis or Ardmore west, to Fillmore and Wapanucka east. Some in Los Angeles, California.""}",,,bib67,no 1686-location-3,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oklahoma""]}",,"Oklahoma: Byng and Happyland (near Ada) north, Davis and Ardmore west, to Fillmore and Wapanucka east.",bib70,no -1686-location-4,1686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6, -96.8161]]}",,,bib5307,no -1686-location-5,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""South-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5217,yes -1686-location-6,1686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6, -96.8161]]}",,,bib1709,no -1686-location-7,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""South-central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5309,no +1686-location-4,1686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6, -96.8161]]}",,,bib5330,no +1686-location-5,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""South-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5240,yes +1686-location-6,1686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6, -96.8161]]}",,,bib1721,no +1686-location-7,1686,location,"{""Places"": [""South-central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5332,no 1686-speaker_number-1,1686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Munro and Willmond (1987). Data for the ethnic population is from the Chickasaw nation (1999).,bib67,no 1686-speakers-1,1686,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""35,000-37,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Munro and Willmond (1987). Data for the ethnic population is from the Chickasaw nation (1999).,bib67,no 1686-speaker_number-2,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 35,000 (1999 Chickasaw Nation).",bib70,no 1686-speakers-2,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"600 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 35,000 (1999 Chickasaw Nation).",bib70,no -1686-speaker_number-3,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1686-speakers-3,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1686-speaker_number-4,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by about 600 members of the Chickasaw Nation of south-central Oklahoma. The youngest speaker is in her mid 40s, though most are in their 50s or older. The language is in use among those who are middle-agedand elderly, and is not being learned by children or by second-language learners.",bib5217,yes -1686-speakers-4,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by about 600 members of the Chickasaw Nation of south-central Oklahoma. The youngest speaker is in her mid 40s, though most are in their 50s or older. The language is in use among those who are middle-agedand elderly, and is not being learned by children or by second-language learners.",bib5217,yes +1686-speaker_number-3,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1686-speakers-3,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1686-speaker_number-4,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by about 600 members of the Chickasaw Nation of south-central Oklahoma. The youngest speaker is in her mid 40s, though most are in their 50s or older. The language is in use among those who are middle-agedand elderly, and is not being learned by children or by second-language learners.",bib5240,yes +1686-speakers-4,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by about 600 members of the Chickasaw Nation of south-central Oklahoma. The youngest speaker is in her mid 40s, though most are in their 50s or older. The language is in use among those who are middle-agedand elderly, and is not being learned by children or by second-language learners.",bib5240,yes 1686-speaker_number-5,1686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1686-speakers-5,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1686-speaker_number-6,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1686-speakers-6,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no +1686-speaker_number-6,1686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1686-speakers-6,1686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no 1686-LEI-1,1686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1686-vitality-1,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1686-LEI-2,1686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not learned by children. Speakers 50 years and older.,bib70,no 1686-transmission-2,1686,transmission,4,transmission-4,Not learned by children. Speakers 50 years and older.,bib70,no 1686-speaker_number_trends-2,1686,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Not learned by children. Speakers 50 years and older.,bib70,no 1686-vitality-2,1686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Not learned by children. Speakers 50 years and older.,bib70,no -1686-LEI-3,1686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1686-vitality-3,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1686-LEI-4,1686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1686-vitality-4,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1686-LEI-3,1686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1686-vitality-3,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1686-LEI-4,1686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1686-vitality-4,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1686-LEI-5,1686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1686-vitality-5,1686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1686-LEI-6,1686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1686-transmission-6,1686,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5309,no -1686-domains_of_use-6,1686,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5309,no -1686-speaker_number_trends-6,1686,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1686-vitality-6,1686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1686-LEI-6,1686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1686-transmission-6,1686,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5332,no +1686-domains_of_use-6,1686,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5332,no +1686-speaker_number_trends-6,1686,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1686-vitality-6,1686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1687-context-1,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1687-context-2,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1687-context-3,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1687-context-4,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5309,no +1687-context-2,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1687-context-3,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1687-context-4,1687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5332,no 1687-location-1,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib73,yes 1687-location-2,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South central British Columbia, west of Williams Lake. 7 reserve communities: Alexandria, Toosey, Anahim, Stone, Nemiah, Redstone, Ulkatcho.""}",,,bib67,no -1687-location-3,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""British Columbia""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.031, -123.1678]]}",,,bib5307,no +1687-location-3,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""British Columbia""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.031, -123.1678]]}",,,bib5330,no 1687-location-4,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"In central interior B.C., in 7 communities: ʔEsdilagh First Nation Tl'esqox Indian Band
 @@ -13486,9 +13548,9 @@ Tsi Del Del First Nation
 Ulkatchot'en Firs tNation
 Xeni Gwet'in First Nations Government
 Yunesit' in Government -Urban areas, especially Williams Lake",bib2541,no -1687-location-5,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central British Columbia, spoken in several communities along the Chilco and Chilcotin Rivers in the vicinity of Williams Lake, including Alexis Creek, Anaham, Nemaiah Valley, Stone, and Toosey, as well as at Alexandria on the Fraser River.""}",,,bib5217,no -1687-location-6,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central British Comlumbia. Spoken in several communities along the Chilco and Chilcotin Rivers in the vicinity of Williams Lake.""}",,,bib5309,no +Urban areas, especially Williams Lake",bib2554,no +1687-location-5,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central British Columbia, spoken in several communities along the Chilco and Chilcotin Rivers in the vicinity of Williams Lake, including Alexis Creek, Anaham, Nemaiah Valley, Stone, and Toosey, as well as at Alexandria on the Fraser River.""}",,,bib5240,no +1687-location-6,1687,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South-central British Comlumbia. Spoken in several communities along the Chilco and Chilcotin Rivers in the vicinity of Williams Lake.""}",,,bib5332,no 1687-speaker_number-1,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1687-speakers-1,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""948"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,866""}",,,bib73,yes 1687-speaker_number-2,1687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. There are 100 monolinguals. @@ -13497,391 +13559,391 @@ Urban areas, especially Williams Lake",bib2541,no 1687-speakers-2,1687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. There are 100 monolinguals. 930 (2011 census). 100 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 2,500 (2013).",bib67,no -1687-speaker_number-3,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1687-speakers-3,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1687-speaker_number-4,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -1687-speakers-4,1687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,791"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""765"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""392""}",,,bib1282,no -1687-speaker_number-5,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1687-speakers-5,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""864"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""763""}",,,bib2541,no -1687-speaker_number-6,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -1687-speakers-6,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no +1687-speaker_number-3,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1687-speakers-3,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1687-speaker_number-4,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +1687-speakers-4,1687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,791"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""765"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""392""}",,,bib1291,no +1687-speaker_number-5,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1687-speakers-5,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""864"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""763""}",,,bib2554,no +1687-speaker_number-6,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +1687-speakers-6,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no 1687-speaker_number-7,1687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1687-speakers-7,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1687-speaker_number-8,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1687-speakers-8,1687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,564"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""472 fluent and 384 semi-speakers. 430 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""384"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""430""}",,,bib2905,no -1687-speaker_number-9,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1687-speakers-9,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5309,no +1687-speaker_number-8,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1687-speakers-8,1687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,564"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""472 fluent and 384 semi-speakers. 430 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""384"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""430""}",,,bib2919,no +1687-speaker_number-9,1687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1687-speakers-9,1687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5332,no 1687-LEI-1,1687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1687-transmission-1,1687,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib73,yes 1687-vitality-1,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib73,yes 1687-LEI-2,1687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Preferred by adults. Adolescents to elderly. Most children prefer English [eng]. Grandparents pass the language to some children.,bib67,no 1687-transmission-2,1687,transmission,2,transmission-2,Preferred by adults. Adolescents to elderly. Most children prefer English [eng]. Grandparents pass the language to some children.,bib67,no 1687-vitality-2,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Preferred by adults. Adolescents to elderly. Most children prefer English [eng]. Grandparents pass the language to some children.,bib67,no -1687-LEI-3,1687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1687-vitality-3,1687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1687-LEI-3,1687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1687-vitality-3,1687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1687-LEI-4,1687,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Tsilhqot'in has the largest number of speakers for languages contained in B.C. -16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1282,no +16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1291,no 1687-transmission-4,1687,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Tsilhqot'in has the largest number of speakers for languages contained in B.C. -16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1282,no +16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1291,no 1687-speaker_number_trends-4,1687,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Tsilhqot'in has the largest number of speakers for languages contained in B.C. -16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1282,no +16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1291,no 1687-vitality-4,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Tsilhqot'in has the largest number of speakers for languages contained in B.C. -16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1282,no +16% are fluent speakers, 8.2% semispeakers, 16% learners",bib1291,no 1687-LEI-5,1687,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Compared to many other B.C. languages, Tsilhqot’in has a larger number of younger people fluent in the language. Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states), Tsilhqot’in has the largest number of speakers. -19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2541,no +19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2554,no 1687-transmission-5,1687,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Compared to many other B.C. languages, Tsilhqot’in has a larger number of younger people fluent in the language. Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states), Tsilhqot’in has the largest number of speakers. -19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2541,no +19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2554,no 1687-speaker_number_trends-5,1687,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Compared to many other B.C. languages, Tsilhqot’in has a larger number of younger people fluent in the language. Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states), Tsilhqot’in has the largest number of speakers. -19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2541,no +19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2554,no 1687-vitality-5,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Compared to many other B.C. languages, Tsilhqot’in has a larger number of younger people fluent in the language. Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states), Tsilhqot’in has the largest number of speakers. -19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1687-LEI-6,1687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5217,no -1687-transmission-6,1687,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5217,no -1687-vitality-6,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5217,no +19.9% are fluent speakers, 18.5% semispeakers, 13.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1687-LEI-6,1687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5240,no +1687-transmission-6,1687,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5240,no +1687-vitality-6,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Until the 1980s Chilcotin had been considered to be in a relatively healthy state, with many children acquiring it as their first language; in 1979 the language was estimated to have 1,725 speakers, a high percentage of the population. A survey conducted in 1988, however, showed that while a sizable proportion of Chilcotin children over 10 were speakers of the language, younger children spoke only English. Current estimates of the number of speakers range between 400 and 1,200, with the youngest in their mid-teens.",bib5240,no 1687-LEI-7,1687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1687-vitality-7,1687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1687-LEI-8,1687,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1687-transmission-8,1687,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,no -1687-speaker_number_trends-8,1687,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5309,no -1687-vitality-8,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,no +1687-LEI-8,1687,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1687-transmission-8,1687,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,no +1687-speaker_number_trends-8,1687,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5332,no +1687-vitality-8,1687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,no 1689-context-1,1689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1689-location-1,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southeastern Northwest Territories (Snowdrift and Fort Resolution), Fort Smith, Fort Chipewyan, Wolliston Post, Buffalo Narrows, Brochet, and some communities in Reindeer Lake.""}",,,bib67,no 1689-location-2,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,"Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southeastern Northwest Territories (Snowdrift and Fort Resolution), Fort Smith, Fort Chipewyan, Wolliston Post, Buffalo Narrows, Brochet, and some communities in Reindeer Lake.",bib70,no -1689-location-3,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[56.4807, -109.4127]]}",,,bib5307,no -1689-location-4,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories\nOf the Dene complex spoken in a number of communities scattered across a large area in the forest and tundra of northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories. Among the principal settlements are Cold Lake and Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, and Fort Resolution and Lutselk\u2019e, NWT.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1689-location-5,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories""}",,,bib5309,no +1689-location-3,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[56.4807, -109.4127]]}",,,bib5330,no +1689-location-4,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Northwest Territories\nOf the Dene complex spoken in a number of communities scattered across a large area in the forest and tundra of northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories. Among the principal settlements are Cold Lake and Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, and Fort Resolution and Lutselk\u2019e, NWT.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1689-location-5,1689,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and the eastern Northwest Territories""}",,,bib5332,no 1689-speaker_number-1,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the ethnic population comes from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 1689-speakers-1,1689,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the ethnic population comes from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 1689-speaker_number-2,1689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,900 (2011 census).",bib70,no 1689-speakers-2,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900 (2011 census)."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,900 (2011 census).",bib70,no -1689-speaker_number-3,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1689-speakers-3,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1689-speaker_number-4,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree. The Government of Canada estimates a total of 1,865 speakers, the majority in Alberta and Saskatchewan. A recent survey at Cold Lake found only 200 fluent speakers out 1,800-2,000 Band members, but the proportion is much higher in some remote communities such as Wollaston Lake, Saskatchewan, where most children are reported to be more fluent in Chipewyan than in English. In the Northwest Territories, where Chipewyan has official language status, there are 370 speakers (185 of whom use the language at home) in the communities of Lutselk’e, Ft. Smith, and Ft. Resolution.",bib5217,yes -1689-speakers-4,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2235?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree. The Government of Canada estimates a total of 1,865 speakers, the majority in Alberta and Saskatchewan. A recent survey at Cold Lake found only 200 fluent speakers out 1,800-2,000 Band members, but the proportion is much higher in some remote communities such as Wollaston Lake, Saskatchewan, where most children are reported to be more fluent in Chipewyan than in English. In the Northwest Territories, where Chipewyan has official language status, there are 370 speakers (185 of whom use the language at home) in the communities of Lutselk’e, Ft. Smith, and Ft. Resolution.",bib5217,yes +1689-speaker_number-3,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1689-speakers-3,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1689-speaker_number-4,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree. The Government of Canada estimates a total of 1,865 speakers, the majority in Alberta and Saskatchewan. A recent survey at Cold Lake found only 200 fluent speakers out 1,800-2,000 Band members, but the proportion is much higher in some remote communities such as Wollaston Lake, Saskatchewan, where most children are reported to be more fluent in Chipewyan than in English. In the Northwest Territories, where Chipewyan has official language status, there are 370 speakers (185 of whom use the language at home) in the communities of Lutselk’e, Ft. Smith, and Ft. Resolution.",bib5240,yes +1689-speakers-4,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2235?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree. The Government of Canada estimates a total of 1,865 speakers, the majority in Alberta and Saskatchewan. A recent survey at Cold Lake found only 200 fluent speakers out 1,800-2,000 Band members, but the proportion is much higher in some remote communities such as Wollaston Lake, Saskatchewan, where most children are reported to be more fluent in Chipewyan than in English. In the Northwest Territories, where Chipewyan has official language status, there are 370 speakers (185 of whom use the language at home) in the communities of Lutselk’e, Ft. Smith, and Ft. Resolution.",bib5240,yes 1689-speaker_number-5,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1689-speakers-5,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1689-speaker_number-6,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree.,bib5309,no -1689-speakers-6,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1865"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree.,bib5309,no +1689-speaker_number-6,1689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree.,bib5332,no +1689-speakers-6,1689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1865"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Making an accurate estimate of the number of first-language Chipewyan speakers is difficult because many are also speakers of Cree.,bib5332,no 1689-LEI-1,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1689-vitality-1,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1689-LEI-2,1689,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In La Loche some children still learn Dëne. Proportion of speakers much higher in some remote areas where some children are more fluent in Dëne than English.,bib70,no 1689-transmission-2,1689,transmission,1,transmission-1,In La Loche some children still learn Dëne. Proportion of speakers much higher in some remote areas where some children are more fluent in Dëne than English.,bib70,no 1689-speaker_number_trends-2,1689,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,In La Loche some children still learn Dëne. Proportion of speakers much higher in some remote areas where some children are more fluent in Dëne than English.,bib70,no 1689-vitality-2,1689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,In La Loche some children still learn Dëne. Proportion of speakers much higher in some remote areas where some children are more fluent in Dëne than English.,bib70,no -1689-LEI-3,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1689-vitality-3,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1689-LEI-4,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1689-vitality-4,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1689-LEI-3,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1689-vitality-3,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1689-LEI-4,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1689-vitality-4,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1689-LEI-5,1689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1689-vitality-5,1689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1689-LEI-6,1689,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1689-transmission-6,1689,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1689-domains_of_use-6,1689,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -1689-vitality-6,1689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,no +1689-LEI-6,1689,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1689-transmission-6,1689,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1689-domains_of_use-6,1689,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +1689-vitality-6,1689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,no 1691-location-1,1691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.5, -96.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1691-location-2,1691,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Central Oklahoma""}",,,bib69,no -1691-location-3,1691,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5309,no -1691-speakers-1,1691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Welcome to the official website of the Otoe-Missouria tribe’s Language Department. Our goal is to preserve and revitalize the Otoe-Missouria language.,bib1450,yes +1691-location-3,1691,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North-central Oklahoma""}",,,bib5332,no +1691-speakers-1,1691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Welcome to the official website of the Otoe-Missouria tribe’s Language Department. Our goal is to preserve and revitalize the Otoe-Missouria language.,bib1462,yes 1691-speakers-2,1691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997, 2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,"Last fluent speakers of Iowa and Oto died in 1996 (1997 J. GoodTracks)."" ""Ethnic population: 1,150 (Golla 2007).",bib69,no -1691-speakers-3,1691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,"Possibly extinct; Semi-speaker number (4) is also questionable; Chiwere dialects: Otoe-Missouria (Jiwere) is the dialect of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe. Iowa (Baxoje) is the dialect of the Iowa Tribe. The total Chiwere population is about 1,150, but in 1999 only four passive first-language speakers of the Otoe-Missouria dialect remained, none fluent.",bib5217,no -1691-speaker_number-4,1691,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5309,no -1691-speakers-4,1691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,,bib5309,no -1691-LEI-1,1691,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1450,yes -1691-vitality-1,1691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1450,yes +1691-speakers-3,1691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,"Possibly extinct; Semi-speaker number (4) is also questionable; Chiwere dialects: Otoe-Missouria (Jiwere) is the dialect of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe. Iowa (Baxoje) is the dialect of the Iowa Tribe. The total Chiwere population is about 1,150, but in 1999 only four passive first-language speakers of the Otoe-Missouria dialect remained, none fluent.",bib5240,no +1691-speaker_number-4,1691,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5332,no +1691-speakers-4,1691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,,bib5332,no +1691-LEI-1,1691,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1462,yes +1691-vitality-1,1691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1462,yes 1691-LEI-2,1691,LEI,Awakening (),,Language preservation activities taking place in Oklahoma.,bib69,no 1691-vitality-2,1691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Language preservation activities taking place in Oklahoma.,bib69,no -1691-LEI-3,1691,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1691-vitality-3,1691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -1691-LEI-4,1691,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1691-transmission-4,1691,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1691-domains_of_use-4,1691,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -1691-speaker_number_trends-4,1691,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1691-vitality-4,1691,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1691-LEI-3,1691,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1691-vitality-3,1691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +1691-LEI-4,1691,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1691-transmission-4,1691,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1691-domains_of_use-4,1691,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +1691-speaker_number_trends-4,1691,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1691-vitality-4,1691,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1692-location-1,1692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.25, -88.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1692-location-2,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,"Southeast Oklahoma, McCurtain county; east central Mississippi; some in Louisiana and Tennessee.",bib67,no 1692-location-3,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Louisiana"", ""Mississippi"", ""Oklahoma"", ""Tennessee.""]}",,Louisiana; Mississippi: east central; Oklahoma: McCurtain county; Tennessee.,bib70,no -1692-location-4,1692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.1472, -94.81]]}",,,bib5307,no -1692-location-5,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""Mississippi, Oklahoma, Louisiana""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1692-location-6,1692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6822, -92.1252], [32.7713, -89.1163], [34.1472, -94.81]]}",,,bib1709,no -1692-location-7,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Lousisiana""]}",,,bib5309,no +1692-location-4,1692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.1472, -94.81]]}",,,bib5330,no +1692-location-5,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""Mississippi, Oklahoma, Louisiana""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1692-location-6,1692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6822, -92.1252], [32.7713, -89.1163], [34.1472, -94.81]]}",,,bib1721,no +1692-location-7,1692,location,"{""Places"": [""Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Lousisiana""]}",,,bib5332,no 1692-speaker_number-1,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number for the ethnic population includes ""111,400 in Oklahoma (1998 Choctaw Language Department, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma).",bib67,no 1692-speakers-1,1692,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number for the ethnic population includes ""111,400 in Oklahoma (1998 Choctaw Language Department, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma).",bib67,no 1692-speaker_number-2,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,400 (2010 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 20,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1692-speakers-2,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,400 (2010 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 20,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1692-speaker_number-3,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1692-speakers-3,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1692-speaker_number-4,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Mississippi Band of Choctaws has around 5,000 fluent speakers in seven small communities scattered throughout the state (the tribal headquarters is in Philadelphia, Mississippi). The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma counts at least 4,000 speakers among its more than 20,000 members, most of them middle-aged or elderly.",bib5217,yes -1692-speakers-4,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000-11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Mississippi Band of Choctaws has around 5,000 fluent speakers in seven small communities scattered throughout the state (the tribal headquarters is in Philadelphia, Mississippi). The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma counts at least 4,000 speakers among its more than 20,000 members, most of them middle-aged or elderly.",bib5217,yes +1692-speaker_number-3,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1692-speakers-3,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1692-speaker_number-4,1692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Mississippi Band of Choctaws has around 5,000 fluent speakers in seven small communities scattered throughout the state (the tribal headquarters is in Philadelphia, Mississippi). The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma counts at least 4,000 speakers among its more than 20,000 members, most of them middle-aged or elderly.",bib5240,yes +1692-speakers-4,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000-11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Mississippi Band of Choctaws has around 5,000 fluent speakers in seven small communities scattered throughout the state (the tribal headquarters is in Philadelphia, Mississippi). The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma counts at least 4,000 speakers among its more than 20,000 members, most of them middle-aged or elderly.",bib5240,yes 1692-speaker_number-5,1692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1692-speakers-5,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,211"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1692-speaker_number-6,1692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -1692-speakers-6,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000-11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +1692-speaker_number-6,1692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +1692-speakers-6,1692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000-11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 1692-LEI-1,1692,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1692-vitality-1,1692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1692-LEI-2,1692,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1692-speaker_number_trends-2,1692,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib70,no 1692-vitality-2,1692,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib70,no -1692-LEI-3,1692,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1692-vitality-3,1692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1692-LEI-3,1692,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1692-vitality-3,1692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1692-LEI-4,1692,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The use of Mississippi Choctaw is vigorous at all ages, and many children are monolingual in Choctaw before attending -school.",bib5217,yes +school.",bib5240,yes 1692-vitality-4,1692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The use of Mississippi Choctaw is vigorous at all ages, and many children are monolingual in Choctaw before attending -school.",bib5217,yes +school.",bib5240,yes 1692-LEI-5,1692,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1692-vitality-5,1692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1692-LEI-6,1692,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1692-transmission-6,1692,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,no -1692-domains_of_use-6,1692,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5309,no -1692-speaker_number_trends-6,1692,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5309,no -1692-vitality-6,1692,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1692-LEI-6,1692,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1692-transmission-6,1692,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,no +1692-domains_of_use-6,1692,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5332,no +1692-speaker_number_trends-6,1692,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5332,no +1692-vitality-6,1692,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1693-location-1,1693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.3333333333, -123.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1693-location-2,1693,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Formerly spoken in Marin County and southern Sonoma County, California, immediately to the north of San Francisco.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1693-location-3,1693,location,"{""Places"": [""Formerly spoken in Marin and southern Sonoma Counties, California""]}",,,bib5309,no -1693-speakers-1,1693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known person to have direct knowledge of the language died in the 1970s.,bib5217,yes -1693-speakers-2,1693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5309,no -1693-LEI-1,1693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -1693-vitality-1,1693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes -1693-LEI-2,1693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5309,no -1693-vitality-2,1693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5309,no +1693-location-2,1693,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Formerly spoken in Marin County and southern Sonoma County, California, immediately to the north of San Francisco.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1693-location-3,1693,location,"{""Places"": [""Formerly spoken in Marin and southern Sonoma Counties, California""]}",,,bib5332,no +1693-speakers-1,1693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known person to have direct knowledge of the language died in the 1970s.,bib5240,yes +1693-speakers-2,1693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5332,no +1693-LEI-1,1693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +1693-vitality-1,1693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes +1693-LEI-2,1693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5332,no +1693-vitality-2,1693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5332,no 1694-location-1,1694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.3333333333, -115.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1694-location-2,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Baja California Norte (Mexicali)""}",,,bib4527,no +1694-location-2,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Baja California Norte (Mexicali)""}",,,bib4548,no 1694-location-3,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Baja California, El Mayor, San Poza de Aroiz\u00fa (south of R\u00edo San Luis Colorado).""}",,,bib67,no -1694-location-4,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona, Baja California, Sonora""], ""Description"": ""Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. Cocopah Tribe, reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and Mexican Cucap\u00e1s in communities in Baja California and Sonora.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1694-location-5,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona and Baja California""]}",,,bib5309,no -1694-speakers-1,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-600""}",,"Cocopá is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi-speakers, including at least some children.",bib2984,no -1694-speaker_number-2,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4527,no -1694-speakers-2,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4527,no +1694-location-4,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona, Baja California, Sonora""], ""Description"": ""Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. Cocopah Tribe, reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and Mexican Cucap\u00e1s in communities in Baja California and Sonora.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1694-location-5,1694,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona and Baja California""]}",,,bib5332,no +1694-speakers-1,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-600""}",,"Cocopá is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi-speakers, including at least some children.",bib2998,no +1694-speaker_number-2,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4548,no +1694-speakers-2,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4548,no 1694-speaker_number-3,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 200 speakers in Mexico (P. Larson 1998). The ethnic population in Mexico is 200 (1998). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1694-speakers-3,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 200 speakers in Mexico (P. Larson 1998). The ethnic population in Mexico is 200 (1998). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1694-speaker_number-4,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1694-speakers-4,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""481"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1694-speaker_number-5,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. It is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi speakers, including at least some children.",bib5217,yes -1694-speakers-5,1694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-600?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. It is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi speakers, including at least some children.",bib5217,yes +1694-speaker_number-4,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1694-speakers-4,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""481"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1694-speaker_number-5,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. It is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi speakers, including at least some children.",bib5240,yes +1694-speakers-5,1694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-600?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Cocopa was originally spoken by the people of the lowermost Colorado River and its delta. It is spoken today by between 150 and 300 of the approximately 700 members of the Cocopah Tribe, who have a reservation near Yuma, Arizona, and an equal or greater number of Mexican Cucapás in communities in Baja California and Sonora. In Arizona, most Cocopas over 50 are fluent, and a number of younger people are semi speakers, including at least some children.",bib5240,yes 1694-speaker_number-6,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1694-speakers-6,1694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1694-speaker_number-7,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -1694-speakers-7,1694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no -1694-LEI-1,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -1694-vitality-1,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +1694-speaker_number-7,1694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +1694-speakers-7,1694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no +1694-LEI-1,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +1694-vitality-1,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 1694-LEI-2,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1694-vitality-2,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1694-LEI-3,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1694-vitality-3,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1694-LEI-4,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1694-vitality-4,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1694-LEI-3,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1694-vitality-3,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1694-LEI-4,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1694-vitality-4,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1694-LEI-5,1694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1694-vitality-5,1694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1694-LEI-6,1694,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1694-transmission-6,1694,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5309,no -1694-domains_of_use-6,1694,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -1694-speaker_number_trends-6,1694,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -1694-vitality-6,1694,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -1695-context-1,1695,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7596,yes +1694-LEI-6,1694,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1694-transmission-6,1694,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5332,no +1694-domains_of_use-6,1694,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +1694-speaker_number_trends-6,1694,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +1694-vitality-6,1694,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +1695-context-1,1695,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7621,yes 1695-context-2,1695,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Grammar. Taught in the high school. The tribe has official language program.""}",,,bib68,no 1695-location-1,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Northern Idaho"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.25, -116.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1695-location-2,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Coordinates given are for the Coeur D'Alene Tribe HQ. Address: 850 A Street, Plummer ID 83851 (from official tribe website: http://www.cdatribe-nsn.gov/)"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.337601, -116.887883]]}",,,bib210,no -1695-location-3,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation, Northern Idaho."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.3433, -116.8873]]}",,,bib1709,no -1695-location-4,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.3433, -116.8873]]}",,,bib5307,no -1695-location-5,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Plummer, Idaho""}",,,bib7596,yes -1695-location-6,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d\u2019Alene Reservation in northern Idaho.""}",,,bib5217,no +1695-location-3,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation, Northern Idaho."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.3433, -116.8873]]}",,,bib1721,no +1695-location-4,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.3433, -116.8873]]}",,,bib5330,no +1695-location-5,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Plummer, Idaho""}",,,bib7621,yes +1695-location-6,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d\u2019Alene Reservation in northern Idaho.""}",,,bib5240,no 1695-location-7,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Northern Idaho, Coeur d\u2019Alene Reservation.""}",,,bib68,no -1695-location-8,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation, Northern Idaho.""}",,,bib5309,no -1695-speaker_number-1,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1695-speakers-1,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1695-speaker_number-2,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Spoken by two remaining fluent speakers in Northern Idaho.,bib7596,yes -1695-speakers-2,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Spoken by two remaining fluent speakers in Northern Idaho.,bib7596,yes -1695-speaker_number-3,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Ranging in age from the mid-70s to 101.,bib5217,no -1695-speakers-3,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,Ranging in age from the mid-70s to 101.,bib5217,no +1695-location-8,1695,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Idaho""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation, Northern Idaho.""}",,,bib5332,no +1695-speaker_number-1,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1695-speakers-1,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1695-speaker_number-2,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Spoken by two remaining fluent speakers in Northern Idaho.,bib7621,yes +1695-speakers-2,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Spoken by two remaining fluent speakers in Northern Idaho.,bib7621,yes +1695-speaker_number-3,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Ranging in age from the mid-70s to 101.,bib5240,no +1695-speakers-3,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,Ranging in age from the mid-70s to 101.,bib5240,no 1695-speaker_number-4,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""L2 users: Many L2 speakers of all ages, none fully fluent."" (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1695-speakers-4,1695,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (speaker numbers); 2000 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Many""}",,"""L2 users: Many L2 speakers of all ages, none fully fluent."" (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1695-speaker_number-5,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1695-speakers-5,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1695-speaker_number-6,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5309,no -1695-speakers-6,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5309,no -1695-LEI-1,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1695-vitality-1,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1695-LEI-2,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7596,yes -1695-transmission-2,1695,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7596,yes -1695-domains_of_use-2,1695,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib7596,yes -1695-speaker_number_trends-2,1695,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7596,yes -1695-vitality-2,1695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7596,yes -1695-LEI-3,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1695-vitality-3,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +1695-speaker_number-6,1695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5332,no +1695-speakers-6,1695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5332,no +1695-LEI-1,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1695-vitality-1,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1695-LEI-2,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7621,yes +1695-transmission-2,1695,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7621,yes +1695-domains_of_use-2,1695,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib7621,yes +1695-speaker_number_trends-2,1695,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7621,yes +1695-vitality-2,1695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7621,yes +1695-LEI-3,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1695-vitality-3,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 1695-LEI-4,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1695-vitality-4,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1695-LEI-5,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1695-vitality-5,1695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1695-LEI-6,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1695-transmission-6,1695,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1695-domains_of_use-6,1695,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -1695-speaker_number_trends-6,1695,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1695-vitality-6,1695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1695-LEI-6,1695,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1695-transmission-6,1695,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1695-domains_of_use-6,1695,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +1695-speaker_number_trends-6,1695,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1695-vitality-6,1695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1696-location-1,1696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.5, -120.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1696-location-2,1696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.1764, -119.0523]]}",,,bib1709,no -1696-location-3,1696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.1764, -119.0523]]}",,,bib5307,no +1696-location-2,1696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.1764, -119.0523]]}",,,bib1721,no +1696-location-3,1696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.1764, -119.0523]]}",,,bib5330,no 1696-location-4,1696,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central Washington, Colville Reservation.""}",,,bib68,no -1696-location-5,1696,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North-central Washington: along the Columbia River""}",,,bib5309,no -1696-speaker_number-1,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1696-speakers-1,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1696-speaker_number-2,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,A few other speakers elsewhere may represent other dialects.,bib5217,yes -1696-speakers-2,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,A few other speakers elsewhere may represent other dialects.,bib5217,yes +1696-location-5,1696,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North-central Washington: along the Columbia River""}",,,bib5332,no +1696-speaker_number-1,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1696-speakers-1,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1696-speaker_number-2,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,A few other speakers elsewhere may represent other dialects.,bib5240,yes +1696-speakers-2,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,A few other speakers elsewhere may represent other dialects.,bib5240,yes 1696-speaker_number-3,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"(Watanabe and Sasama 2007). 25 Columbia speakers (Golla 2007). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1696-speakers-3,1696,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230 (2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,"(Watanabe and Sasama 2007). 25 Columbia speakers (Golla 2007). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1696-speaker_number-4,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1696-speakers-4,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1696-speaker_number-5,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -1696-speakers-5,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5309,no -1696-LEI-1,1696,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1696-vitality-1,1696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1696-LEI-2,1696,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5217,yes -1696-transmission-2,1696,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5217,yes -1696-vitality-2,1696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5217,yes +1696-speaker_number-5,1696,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +1696-speakers-5,1696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib5332,no +1696-LEI-1,1696,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1696-vitality-1,1696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1696-LEI-2,1696,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5240,yes +1696-transmission-2,1696,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5240,yes +1696-vitality-2,1696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.",bib5240,yes 1696-LEI-3,1696,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1696-vitality-3,1696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1696-LEI-4,1696,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1696-vitality-4,1696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1696-LEI-5,1696,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1696-transmission-5,1696,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -1696-domains_of_use-5,1696,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -1696-speaker_number_trends-5,1696,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -1696-vitality-5,1696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +1696-LEI-5,1696,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1696-transmission-5,1696,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +1696-domains_of_use-5,1696,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +1696-speaker_number_trends-5,1696,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +1696-vitality-5,1696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 1705-location-1,1705,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, S\u00e3o Gabriel, Iauarete.""}",,,bib67,no -1705-location-2,1705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.008575, 66.002408]]}",,,bib7945,no -1705-location-3,1705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0, -66.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -1705-location-4,1705,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northwestern Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Upper RIo Negro fegion, Vale de Uaupes, Terra Indigena Alto Rio Negro and Terra Indigena Medio Rio Negro II.""}",,,bib1903,no +1705-location-2,1705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.008575, 66.002408]]}",,,bib7970,no +1705-location-3,1705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0, -66.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +1705-location-4,1705,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northwestern Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Upper RIo Negro fegion, Vale de Uaupes, Terra Indigena Alto Rio Negro and Terra Indigena Medio Rio Negro II.""}",,,bib1915,no 1705-speakers-1,1705,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""268"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,"Data for the ethnic population is from ALEM (1992). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 320 (Moore 2006) (2013).",bib67,no -1705-speakers-2,1705,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1903,no +1705-speakers-2,1705,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1915,no 1705-speaker_number-3,1705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1705-speakers-3,1705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""268"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1705-speakers-4,1705,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""569"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1902,yes +1705-speakers-4,1705,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""569"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1914,yes 1705-LEI-1,1705,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 1705-vitality-1,1705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 1705-LEI-3,1705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1705-vitality-3,1705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1705-LEI-4,1705,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -1705-vitality-4,1705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +1705-LEI-4,1705,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +1705-vitality-4,1705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 1708-context-1,1708,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Limited"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In the settlements themselves in all three countries, there is support for language revitalization, especially among the adult ethnic Lokono who do not speak the language anymore (including the expatriates in the Netherlands). However, not many Lokono actively participate in the attempts at revitalizing the language. The Lokono are not ashamed anymore of speaking their language publicly, although this hardly ever happens due to the limited number of fluent speakers.""}",,"Amerindian languages in Suriname do not have an official status. Lokono, together with other Amerindian -languages, is recognized as a regional language in Guyana. In French Guiana, Lokono, together with other Amerindian and Maroon languages, at least theoretically, has the status of a regional language of France. Despite clear differences between the three countries, in none of them is there an actual implemented language policy aimed at sustaining and developing the Lokono language.",bib6426,yes -1708-context-2,1708,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and English""}",,,bib1903,no -1708-location-1,1708,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Geographically, the Lokono people live in the pericoastal villages (indicated in red [on map in article]) as well as in the three capital cities of the Guianas: Cayenne, Paramaribo and Georgetown. According to an unpublished report by the Summer Institute of Linguistics (2002), there is also a small Lokono community in Venezuela, not far from the Guyanese border. Finally, there is also a sizable community of Lokono people living in the Netherlands who emigrated from Suriname in the last few decades for economic, educational, and political reasons. Patte (2014) also mentions an expatriate Lokono community in Great Britain."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.455394, -55.187788], [4.914673, -52.30136], [7.51197, -59.335657]]}",,,bib6426,yes +languages, is recognized as a regional language in Guyana. In French Guiana, Lokono, together with other Amerindian and Maroon languages, at least theoretically, has the status of a regional language of France. Despite clear differences between the three countries, in none of them is there an actual implemented language policy aimed at sustaining and developing the Lokono language.",bib6450,yes +1708-context-2,1708,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and English""}",,,bib1915,no +1708-location-1,1708,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Geographically, the Lokono people live in the pericoastal villages (indicated in red [on map in article]) as well as in the three capital cities of the Guianas: Cayenne, Paramaribo and Georgetown. According to an unpublished report by the Summer Institute of Linguistics (2002), there is also a small Lokono community in Venezuela, not far from the Guyanese border. Finally, there is also a sizable community of Lokono people living in the Netherlands who emigrated from Suriname in the last few decades for economic, educational, and political reasons. Patte (2014) also mentions an expatriate Lokono community in Great Britain."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.455394, -55.187788], [4.914673, -52.30136], [7.51197, -59.335657]]}",,,bib6450,yes 1708-location-2,1708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, -55.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1708-location-3,1708,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana"", ""Suriname"", ""Venezuela"", ""Guyana""]}",,"Coastal area, several villages between coast and about 30 km inland, mainly on the savanna.",bib67,no -1708-location-4,1708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.6487, -55.1074]]}",,,bib5307,no -1708-location-5,1708,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""French Guiana: Balate, Saint-Sabat, Larivot, and Sainte-Rose de Lima""}",,,bib1903,no -1708-speaker_number-1,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Both the number of ethnic Lokono (i.e., the total ethnic population), and the percentage of Lokono speakers in the three Guianas are hard to estimate... Based on long-term fieldwork and collaboration with Lokono organizations from the three Guianas since 2009, I conclude that the figures today are much lower [than the previously estimated speaker count of ~2,000]. The percentage of fluent speakers, that is, speakers who have an active knowledge of many linguistic domains, is around 5% of the ethnic population. There is a sizeable community of semispeakers possessing different degrees of passive knowledge, but very few people can actually speak Lokono.",bib6426,yes -1708-speakers-1,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A sizeable community""}",,"Both the number of ethnic Lokono (i.e., the total ethnic population), and the percentage of Lokono speakers in the three Guianas are hard to estimate... Based on long-term fieldwork and collaboration with Lokono organizations from the three Guianas since 2009, I conclude that the figures today are much lower [than the previously estimated speaker count of ~2,000]. The percentage of fluent speakers, that is, speakers who have an active knowledge of many linguistic domains, is around 5% of the ethnic population. There is a sizeable community of semispeakers possessing different degrees of passive knowledge, but very few people can actually speak Lokono.",bib6426,yes +1708-location-4,1708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.6487, -55.1074]]}",,,bib5330,no +1708-location-5,1708,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""French Guiana: Balate, Saint-Sabat, Larivot, and Sainte-Rose de Lima""}",,,bib1915,no +1708-speaker_number-1,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Both the number of ethnic Lokono (i.e., the total ethnic population), and the percentage of Lokono speakers in the three Guianas are hard to estimate... Based on long-term fieldwork and collaboration with Lokono organizations from the three Guianas since 2009, I conclude that the figures today are much lower [than the previously estimated speaker count of ~2,000]. The percentage of fluent speakers, that is, speakers who have an active knowledge of many linguistic domains, is around 5% of the ethnic population. There is a sizeable community of semispeakers possessing different degrees of passive knowledge, but very few people can actually speak Lokono.",bib6450,yes +1708-speakers-1,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A sizeable community""}",,"Both the number of ethnic Lokono (i.e., the total ethnic population), and the percentage of Lokono speakers in the three Guianas are hard to estimate... Based on long-term fieldwork and collaboration with Lokono organizations from the three Guianas since 2009, I conclude that the figures today are much lower [than the previously estimated speaker count of ~2,000]. The percentage of fluent speakers, that is, speakers who have an active knowledge of many linguistic domains, is around 5% of the ethnic population. There is a sizeable community of semispeakers possessing different degrees of passive knowledge, but very few people can actually speak Lokono.",bib6450,yes 1708-speaker_number-2,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"700 in Suriname (1980 census). The number of speakers is decreasing. The ethnic population in Suriname: 2,051 (1980 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1708-speakers-2,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"700 in Suriname (1980 census). The number of speakers is decreasing. The ethnic population in Suriname: 2,051 (1980 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1708-speaker_number-3,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1708-speakers-3,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1708-speaker_number-4,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1708-speakers-4,1708,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1708-speaker_number-3,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1708-speakers-3,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1708-speaker_number-4,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1708-speakers-4,1708,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1708-speaker_number-5,1708,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1708-speakers-5,1708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1708-LEI-1,1708,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Lokono language is not being transmitted to children anymore. Lokono children are raised speaking the official languages and the lingua francas. The break in transmission took place, more or less, two generations ago... The oldest generations of Lokono (70+) are fluent Lokono speakers, that is, they have active and passive knowledge of many domains.. Lokono language skills are decreasing with age. People between 50 and 70 are usually ‘advanced’ speakers of all three languages, but use Lokono sporadically... The generation of 30- to 50-year-olds has, at best, ‘intermediate’ (usually passive) knowledge of Lokono... The youngest generation has neither active nor passive knowledge of the Lokono language. The domains, in which Lokono is used today, are very limited, while the official languages dominate most of the formal, and the lingua francas -most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes +most of the informal, contexts.",bib6450,yes 1708-transmission-1,1708,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The Lokono language is not being transmitted to children anymore. Lokono children are raised speaking the official languages and the lingua francas. The break in transmission took place, more or less, two generations ago... The oldest generations of Lokono (70+) are fluent Lokono speakers, that is, they have active and passive knowledge of many domains.. Lokono language skills are decreasing with age. People between 50 and 70 are usually ‘advanced’ speakers of all three languages, but use Lokono sporadically... The generation of 30- to 50-year-olds has, at best, ‘intermediate’ (usually passive) knowledge of Lokono... The youngest generation has neither active nor passive knowledge of the Lokono language. The domains, in which Lokono is used today, are very limited, while the official languages dominate most of the formal, and the lingua francas -most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes +most of the informal, contexts.",bib6450,yes 1708-domains_of_use-1,1708,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Lokono language is not being transmitted to children anymore. Lokono children are raised speaking the official languages and the lingua francas. The break in transmission took place, more or less, two generations ago... The oldest generations of Lokono (70+) are fluent Lokono speakers, that is, they have active and passive knowledge of many domains.. Lokono language skills are decreasing with age. People between 50 and 70 are usually ‘advanced’ speakers of all three languages, but use Lokono sporadically... The generation of 30- to 50-year-olds has, at best, ‘intermediate’ (usually passive) knowledge of Lokono... The youngest generation has neither active nor passive knowledge of the Lokono language. The domains, in which Lokono is used today, are very limited, while the official languages dominate most of the formal, and the lingua francas -most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes +most of the informal, contexts.",bib6450,yes 1708-speaker_number_trends-1,1708,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Lokono language is not being transmitted to children anymore. Lokono children are raised speaking the official languages and the lingua francas. The break in transmission took place, more or less, two generations ago... The oldest generations of Lokono (70+) are fluent Lokono speakers, that is, they have active and passive knowledge of many domains.. Lokono language skills are decreasing with age. People between 50 and 70 are usually ‘advanced’ speakers of all three languages, but use Lokono sporadically... The generation of 30- to 50-year-olds has, at best, ‘intermediate’ (usually passive) knowledge of Lokono... The youngest generation has neither active nor passive knowledge of the Lokono language. The domains, in which Lokono is used today, are very limited, while the official languages dominate most of the formal, and the lingua francas -most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes +most of the informal, contexts.",bib6450,yes 1708-vitality-1,1708,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Lokono language is not being transmitted to children anymore. Lokono children are raised speaking the official languages and the lingua francas. The break in transmission took place, more or less, two generations ago... The oldest generations of Lokono (70+) are fluent Lokono speakers, that is, they have active and passive knowledge of many domains.. Lokono language skills are decreasing with age. People between 50 and 70 are usually ‘advanced’ speakers of all three languages, but use Lokono sporadically... The generation of 30- to 50-year-olds has, at best, ‘intermediate’ (usually passive) knowledge of Lokono... The youngest generation has neither active nor passive knowledge of the Lokono language. The domains, in which Lokono is used today, are very limited, while the official languages dominate most of the formal, and the lingua francas -most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes +most of the informal, contexts.",bib6450,yes 1708-LEI-2,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1708-vitality-2,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1708-LEI-3,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1708-vitality-3,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1708-LEI-4,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1708-vitality-4,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1708-LEI-3,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1708-vitality-3,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1708-LEI-4,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1708-vitality-4,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1708-LEI-5,1708,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1708-vitality-5,1708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1710-location-1,1710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.33333333333, -62.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1710-location-2,1710,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Guyana""]}",,"Bolivar State, Venezuela; Gran Sabana and adjacent areas.",bib67,no -1710-location-3,1710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.1347, -61.853]]}",,,bib5307,no +1710-location-3,1710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.1347, -61.853]]}",,,bib5330,no 1710-location-4,1710,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana""]}",,"Brazil: Taurepang 500 speakers, 582 populations (Brazil). Guyana: Arekuna (Pemon) 400-500 speakers, 400-500 population. Venezuela: Pemon (Arekuna, Taurepan(g), Kamarakoto) -23,083 speakers, 27,157 population.",bib1902,yes +23,083 speakers, 27,157 population.",bib1914,yes 1710-speaker_number-1,1710,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(6010 [2016].),bib67,no 1710-speakers-1,1710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,270"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(6010 [2016].),bib67,no -1710-speaker_number-2,1710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1710-speakers-2,1710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1710-speakers-3,1710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 20,000""}",,,bib1903,no +1710-speaker_number-2,1710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1710-speakers-2,1710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1710-speakers-3,1710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 20,000""}",,,bib1915,no 1710-speaker_number-4,1710,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1710-speakers-4,1710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,154"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1710-speaker_number-5,1710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -1710-speakers-5,1710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,057-28,157"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,983-24,083"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil 2002, Venezuela 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1710-speaker_number-5,1710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +1710-speakers-5,1710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,057-28,157"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,983-24,083"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil 2002, Venezuela 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1710-LEI-1,1710,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1710-vitality-1,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1710-LEI-2,1710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1710-vitality-2,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1710-LEI-2,1710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1710-vitality-2,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1710-LEI-3,1710,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1710-vitality-3,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1710-LEI-4,1710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1710-vitality-4,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1710-LEI-4,1710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1710-vitality-4,1710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1714-location-1,1714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.0, -172.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1714-location-2,1714,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1714-location-3,1714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.0166, -169.7166]]}",,,bib5307,no -1714-location-4,1714,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia (Siberia)""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the village of Naukan on the easternmost point of East Cape (Cape Dezhnev),\nChukchi Autonomous District, Russia, facing the Diomede Islands in Alaska, the community was\nforcibly relocated in 1958 to the nearby villages of Lorino and Lavrentiya.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1714-speaker_number-1,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1714-speakers-1,1714,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""60? (all over 40)"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1714-location-3,1714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.0166, -169.7166]]}",,,bib5330,no +1714-location-4,1714,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia (Siberia)""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the village of Naukan on the easternmost point of East Cape (Cape Dezhnev),\nChukchi Autonomous District, Russia, facing the Diomede Islands in Alaska, the community was\nforcibly relocated in 1958 to the nearby villages of Lorino and Lavrentiya.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1714-speaker_number-1,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1714-speakers-1,1714,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""60? (all over 40)"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1714-speaker_number-2,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1714-speakers-2,1714,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (Kaplan)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -1714-speaker_number-3,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1714-speakers-3,1714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1714-speaker_number-4,1714,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,yes -1714-speakers-4,1714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,yes +1714-speaker_number-3,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1714-speakers-3,1714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1714-speaker_number-4,1714,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,yes +1714-speakers-4,1714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,yes 1714-speaker_number-5,1714,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1714-speakers-5,1714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1714-LEI-1,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1714-vitality-1,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1714-LEI-1,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1714-vitality-1,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1714-LEI-2,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1714-vitality-2,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1714-LEI-3,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1714-vitality-3,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1714-LEI-4,1714,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A shift to Russian is proceeding rapidly.,bib5217,yes -1714-vitality-4,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,A shift to Russian is proceeding rapidly.,bib5217,yes +1714-LEI-3,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1714-vitality-3,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1714-LEI-4,1714,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A shift to Russian is proceeding rapidly.,bib5240,yes +1714-vitality-4,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,A shift to Russian is proceeding rapidly.,bib5240,yes 1714-LEI-5,1714,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1714-vitality-5,1714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1715-location-1,1715,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0, -116.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1715-location-2,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""], ""Description"": ""North Idaho.\nUpriver dialect: North central Idaho, Nez Perce Reservation, Kamiah and Lapwai; eastern Washington, Colville Reservation. Downriver dialect: Oregon, Umatilla Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no 1715-location-3,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Idaho""]}",,Idaho: Kamiah and Lapwai on Nez Perce Reservation; Washington: east on Colville Reservation (Upriver dialect). Oregon: Umatilla Reservation (Downriver dialect).,bib70,no -1715-location-4,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.4347, -116.8268]]}",,,bib5307,no -1715-location-5,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""]}",,,bib5217,yes -1715-location-6,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.4347, -116.8268]]}",,,bib1709,no +1715-location-4,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.4347, -116.8268]]}",,,bib5330,no +1715-location-5,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""]}",,,bib5240,yes +1715-location-6,1715,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.4347, -116.8268]]}",,,bib1721,no 1715-speaker_number-1,1715,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Ethnic population: 2,700 (1997 H. Aoki); 612 (2000 US census).",bib67,no 1715-speakers-1,1715,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Ethnic population: 2,700 (1997 H. Aoki); 612 (2000 US census).",bib67,no 1715-speaker_number-2,1715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"100 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Spoken fluently only by a handful of elders on Nez Perce and Colville Reservations. 30–40 semispeakers, mostly in Idaho (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 610 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1715-speakers-2,1715,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""610"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30-40""}",,"100 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Spoken fluently only by a handful of elders on Nez Perce and Colville Reservations. 30–40 semispeakers, mostly in Idaho (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 610 (2000 census).",bib70,no -1715-speaker_number-3,1715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1715-speakers-3,1715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1715-speaker_number-4,1715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes -1715-speakers-4,1715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes +1715-speaker_number-3,1715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1715-speakers-3,1715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1715-speaker_number-4,1715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes +1715-speakers-4,1715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes 1715-speaker_number-5,1715,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1715-speakers-5,1715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1715-LEI-1,1715,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -13890,66 +13952,66 @@ most of the informal, contexts.",bib6426,yes 1715-transmission-2,1715,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1715-speaker_number_trends-2,1715,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1715-vitality-2,1715,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1715-LEI-3,1715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1715-vitality-3,1715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1715-LEI-4,1715,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes -1715-transmission-4,1715,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes -1715-speaker_number_trends-4,1715,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes -1715-vitality-4,1715,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5217,yes +1715-LEI-3,1715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1715-vitality-3,1715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1715-LEI-4,1715,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes +1715-transmission-4,1715,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes +1715-speaker_number_trends-4,1715,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes +1715-vitality-4,1715,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.",bib5240,yes 1715-LEI-5,1715,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1715-vitality-5,1715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1716-context-1,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1716-context-2,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no -1716-context-3,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -1716-context-4,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Englsih""}",,,bib2541,no -1716-context-5,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1716-context-2,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no +1716-context-3,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1716-context-4,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Englsih""}",,,bib2554,no +1716-context-5,1716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1716-location-1,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.73, -124.75]]}",,,bib73,yes -1716-location-2,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Malachan Reserve, Nitinaht lake. Also previously used in Pacheedaht Territory in the vicinity of Port Renfrew, British Columbia.""}",,,bib2984,no +1716-location-2,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Malachan Reserve, Nitinaht lake. Also previously used in Pacheedaht Territory in the vicinity of Port Renfrew, British Columbia.""}",,,bib2998,no 1716-location-3,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Ditidaht First Nation -Pacheedaht First Nation",bib2541,no -1716-location-4,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib5217,no +Pacheedaht First Nation",bib2554,no +1716-location-4,1716,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib5240,no 1716-speaker_number-1,1716,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/ditidaht,bib73,yes 1716-speakers-1,1716,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""943"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""64"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""31""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/ditidaht,bib73,yes -1716-speaker_number-2,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,11 (2010 A. Werle). Ethnic population: 920 (2013).,bib2984,no -1716-speakers-2,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,11 (2010 A. Werle). Ethnic population: 920 (2013).,bib2984,no -1716-speaker_number-3,1716,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1282,no -1716-speakers-3,1716,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1354"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30""}",,,bib1282,no -1716-speaker_number-4,1716,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2541,no -1716-speakers-4,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib2541,no -1716-speaker_number-5,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are a dozen or so fluent speakers, all elderly.",bib5217,no -1716-speakers-5,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are a dozen or so fluent speakers, all elderly.",bib5217,no -1716-speaker_number-6,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -1716-speakers-6,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 fluent and 6 semi-speakers. 130 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""130""}",,,bib2905,no +1716-speaker_number-2,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,11 (2010 A. Werle). Ethnic population: 920 (2013).,bib2998,no +1716-speakers-2,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,11 (2010 A. Werle). Ethnic population: 920 (2013).,bib2998,no +1716-speaker_number-3,1716,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1291,no +1716-speakers-3,1716,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1354"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30""}",,,bib1291,no +1716-speaker_number-4,1716,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2554,no +1716-speakers-4,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib2554,no +1716-speaker_number-5,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are a dozen or so fluent speakers, all elderly.",bib5240,no +1716-speakers-5,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are a dozen or so fluent speakers, all elderly.",bib5240,no +1716-speaker_number-6,1716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +1716-speakers-6,1716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 fluent and 6 semi-speakers. 130 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""130""}",,,bib2919,no 1716-LEI-1,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1716-transmission-1,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1716-speaker_number_trends-1,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 1716-vitality-1,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1716-LEI-2,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1716-transmission-2,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1716-speaker_number_trends-2,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1716-vitality-2,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no -1716-LEI-3,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1282,no -1716-transmission-3,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1282,no -1716-speaker_number_trends-3,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1282,no -1716-vitality-3,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1282,no -1716-LEI-4,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1716-transmission-4,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1716-speaker_number_trends-4,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1716-vitality-4,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2541,no -1716-LEI-5,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1716-transmission-5,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1716-speaker_number_trends-5,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1716-vitality-5,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1716-LEI-2,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1716-transmission-2,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1716-speaker_number_trends-2,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1716-vitality-2,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no +1716-LEI-3,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1291,no +1716-transmission-3,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1291,no +1716-speaker_number_trends-3,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1291,no +1716-vitality-3,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.5% fluent speakers, 2.2% semispeakers, 6.1% learners",bib1291,no +1716-LEI-4,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1716-transmission-4,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1716-speaker_number_trends-4,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1716-vitality-4,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.8% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 5.9% learners.",bib2554,no +1716-LEI-5,1716,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1716-transmission-5,1716,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1716-speaker_number_trends-5,1716,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1716-vitality-5,1716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1717-context-1,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1717-context-2,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no -1717-context-3,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1717-context-4,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1717-context-2,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no +1717-context-3,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1717-context-4,1717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1717-location-1,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.61, -126.5]]}",,,bib73,yes -1717-location-2,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1717-location-2,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1717-location-3,1717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.6666666667, -126.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1717-location-4,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southwest British Columbia, Pacific Ocean coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib67,no -1717-location-5,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.2818, -126.0627]]}",,,bib5307,no +1717-location-5,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.2818, -126.0627]]}",,,bib5330,no 1717-location-6,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Vancouver Island, in 13 communities: Ahousaht First Nation Ehattesaht First Nation @@ -13964,228 +14026,228 @@ Toquaht Nation Tseshaht First Nation Uchucklesaht Tribe Ucluelet First Nation -Urban areas, especially Port Alberni",bib2541,no -1717-location-7,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia Vancouver Island""], ""Description"": ""The west coast of Vancouver\nIsland, from Cape Cook to Barkley Sound.""}",,,bib5217,no +Urban areas, especially Port Alberni",bib2554,no +1717-location-7,1717,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia Vancouver Island""], ""Description"": ""The west coast of Vancouver\nIsland, from Cape Cook to Barkley Sound.""}",,,bib5240,no 1717-speaker_number-1,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1717-speakers-1,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,391"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""172"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""537""}",,,bib73,yes -1717-speaker_number-2,1717,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1717-speakers-2,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1717-speaker_number-2,1717,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1717-speakers-2,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1717-speaker_number-3,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Includes 30 Nitinat (1991 M. Dale Kinkade). Canada Census (2001) lists 505."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Poser (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1977).",bib67,no 1717-speakers-3,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Includes 30 Nitinat (1991 M. Dale Kinkade). Canada Census (2001) lists 505."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Poser (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1977).",bib67,no -1717-speaker_number-4,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1717-speakers-4,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""185"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1717-speaker_number-5,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Nuučaan̓uɫ may be better understood as a dialect chain than a single language, speakers may consider ""dialects"" to be different languages.",bib1282,no -1717-speakers-5,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,895"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""108"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""497""}",,"Nuučaan̓uɫ may be better understood as a dialect chain than a single language, speakers may consider ""dialects"" to be different languages.",bib1282,no -1717-speaker_number-6,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1717-speakers-6,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""197""}",,,bib2541,no -1717-speaker_number-7,1717,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1717-speakers-7,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,no +1717-speaker_number-4,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1717-speakers-4,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""185"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1717-speaker_number-5,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Nuučaan̓uɫ may be better understood as a dialect chain than a single language, speakers may consider ""dialects"" to be different languages.",bib1291,no +1717-speakers-5,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,895"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""108"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""497""}",,"Nuučaan̓uɫ may be better understood as a dialect chain than a single language, speakers may consider ""dialects"" to be different languages.",bib1291,no +1717-speaker_number-6,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1717-speakers-6,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""197""}",,,bib2554,no +1717-speaker_number-7,1717,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1717-speakers-7,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,no 1717-speaker_number-8,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1717-speakers-8,1717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1717-speaker_number-9,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1717-speakers-9,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,033"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""73 fluent and 114 semi-speakers. 634 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""114"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""634""}",,,bib2905,no +1717-speaker_number-9,1717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1717-speakers-9,1717,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,033"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""73 fluent and 114 semi-speakers. 634 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""114"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""634""}",,,bib2919,no 1717-LEI-1,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1717-transmission-1,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1717-speaker_number_trends-1,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 1717-vitality-1,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1717-LEI-2,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1717-transmission-2,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1717-domains_of_use-2,1717,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -1717-speaker_number_trends-2,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1717-vitality-2,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2984,no +1717-LEI-2,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1717-transmission-2,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1717-domains_of_use-2,1717,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +1717-speaker_number_trends-2,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1717-vitality-2,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2998,no 1717-LEI-3,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is almost completely replaced by English in both formal and informal domains of use, though significant passive knowledge of the language survives. Ceremonial use.",bib67,no 1717-transmission-3,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is almost completely replaced by English in both formal and informal domains of use, though significant passive knowledge of the language survives. Ceremonial use.",bib67,no 1717-domains_of_use-3,1717,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language is almost completely replaced by English in both formal and informal domains of use, though significant passive knowledge of the language survives. Ceremonial use.",bib67,no 1717-speaker_number_trends-3,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is almost completely replaced by English in both formal and informal domains of use, though significant passive knowledge of the language survives. Ceremonial use.",bib67,no 1717-vitality-3,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is almost completely replaced by English in both formal and informal domains of use, though significant passive knowledge of the language survives. Ceremonial use.",bib67,no -1717-LEI-4,1717,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1717-vitality-4,1717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1717-LEI-5,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1282,no -1717-transmission-5,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1282,no -1717-speaker_number_trends-5,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1282,no -1717-vitality-5,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1282,no -1717-LEI-6,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1717-transmission-6,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1717-speaker_number_trends-6,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1717-vitality-6,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2541,no -1717-LEI-7,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1717-transmission-7,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1717-domains_of_use-7,1717,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -1717-speaker_number_trends-7,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1717-vitality-7,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +1717-LEI-4,1717,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1717-vitality-4,1717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1717-LEI-5,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1291,no +1717-transmission-5,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1291,no +1717-speaker_number_trends-5,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1291,no +1717-vitality-5,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.4% fluent speakers, 6.3% semispeakers, 10.1% active learners.",bib1291,no +1717-LEI-6,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1717-transmission-6,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1717-speaker_number_trends-6,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1717-vitality-6,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 5.5% learners.",bib2554,no +1717-LEI-7,1717,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1717-transmission-7,1717,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1717-domains_of_use-7,1717,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +1717-speaker_number_trends-7,1717,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1717-vitality-7,1717,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 1717-LEI-8,1717,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1717-vitality-8,1717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1718-context-1,1718,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""In Peru, there's a bilingual education program.""}",,,bib1903,yes -1718-location-1,1718,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""]}",,"There are 20,000 Ashaninca speakers in Peru and 800 in Brazil.",bib1903,yes -1718-location-2,1718,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ucayali, Tambo, Cohengua, Peren\u00e9, Pachitea, Yura, Chinchihuani, Ene, and Apurimac rivers, in the Jun\u00edn, Cusco, Lima, Ayacucho, Apur\u00edmac, Pasco, Ucayali and Huanuco Regions in Peru; also spoken in Brazil.""}",,,bib8124,no +1718-context-1,1718,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""In Peru, there's a bilingual education program.""}",,,bib1915,yes +1718-location-1,1718,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""]}",,"There are 20,000 Ashaninca speakers in Peru and 800 in Brazil.",bib1915,yes +1718-location-2,1718,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ucayali, Tambo, Cohengua, Peren\u00e9, Pachitea, Yura, Chinchihuani, Ene, and Apurimac rivers, in the Jun\u00edn, Cusco, Lima, Ayacucho, Apur\u00edmac, Pasco, Ucayali and Huanuco Regions in Peru; also spoken in Brazil.""}",,,bib8149,no 1718-location-3,1718,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Junin, Ayacucho, Cusco, Apurimac, and Ucayali regions; Apurimac, Ene, Perene, and Tambo rivers and tributaries."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.733, -73.75], [-11.142, -74.309], [-11.992, -74.04], [-13.35, -73.266]]}",,"Junin, Ayacucho, Cusco, Apurimac, and Ucayali regions; Apurimac, Ene, Perene, and Tambo rivers and tributaries.",bib67,no 1718-speaker_number-1,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1718-speakers-1,1718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1718-speaker_number-2,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1903,yes -1718-speakers-2,1718,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1903,yes -1718-speaker_number-3,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the Population and Housing Census (1993), the population exceeded 50,000 speakers (UNICEF, 2009). The Census II Native Communities (INEI, 2007) recorded more than 97,000 people identified as either Ashaninka and Asheninka (Ministry of Education, 2013).",bib8124,no -1718-speakers-3,1718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the Population and Housing Census (1993), the population exceeded 50,000 speakers (UNICEF, 2009). The Census II Native Communities (INEI, 2007) recorded more than 97,000 people identified as either Ashaninka and Asheninka (Ministry of Education, 2013).",bib8124,no +1718-speaker_number-2,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1915,yes +1718-speakers-2,1718,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1915,yes +1718-speaker_number-3,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the Population and Housing Census (1993), the population exceeded 50,000 speakers (UNICEF, 2009). The Census II Native Communities (INEI, 2007) recorded more than 97,000 people identified as either Ashaninka and Asheninka (Ministry of Education, 2013).",bib8149,no +1718-speakers-3,1718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the Population and Housing Census (1993), the population exceeded 50,000 speakers (UNICEF, 2009). The Census II Native Communities (INEI, 2007) recorded more than 97,000 people identified as either Ashaninka and Asheninka (Ministry of Education, 2013).",bib8149,no 1718-speaker_number-4,1718,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"26,000 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 26,000 (2000 SIL) (2013). Ethnologue 2016 gives only the population figure, 35,200 (from 2997).",bib67,no 1718-speakers-4,1718,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"26,000 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 26,000 (2000 SIL) (2013). Ethnologue 2016 gives only the population figure, 35,200 (from 2997).",bib67,no 1718-LEI-1,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1718-vitality-1,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1718-LEI-2,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -1718-vitality-2,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes -1718-LEI-3,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,no -1718-vitality-3,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8124,no +1718-LEI-2,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +1718-vitality-2,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes +1718-LEI-3,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,no +1718-vitality-3,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8149,no 1718-LEI-4,1718,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1718-vitality-4,1718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1720-location-1,1720,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Para State""], ""Description"": ""Municipality of Tucurui, Terra Indigena Trocara""}",,,bib1903,no -1720-location-2,1720,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1720-location-1,1720,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Para State""], ""Description"": ""Municipality of Tucurui, Terra Indigena Trocara""}",,,bib1915,no +1720-location-2,1720,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1720-location-3,1720,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Par\u00e1, on the Tocantins River, Trocar\u00e1 near Tucurui."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, -50.0]]}",,,bib67,no 1720-speaker_number-1,1720,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1720-speakers-1,1720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""191"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1720-speakers-2,1720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""303""}",,,bib1903,no -1720-speaker_number-3,1720,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1720-speakers-3,1720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""384"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""384"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1720-speakers-2,1720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""303""}",,,bib1915,no +1720-speaker_number-3,1720,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1720-speakers-3,1720,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""384"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""384"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1720-speaker_number-4,1720,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 (2001 ISA); ethnic population: 300 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib67,no 1720-speakers-4,1720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 (2001 ISA); ethnic population: 300 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib67,no 1720-LEI-1,1720,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1720-vitality-1,1720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1720-LEI-2,1720,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1903,no -1720-transmission-2,1720,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1903,no -1720-vitality-2,1720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1903,no -1720-LEI-3,1720,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1720-vitality-3,1720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1720-LEI-2,1720,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1915,no +1720-transmission-2,1720,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1915,no +1720-vitality-2,1720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most children use exclusively Portuguese.,bib1915,no +1720-LEI-3,1720,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1720-vitality-3,1720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1720-LEI-4,1720,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1720-vitality-4,1720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1721-context-1,1721,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""67 percent also speak a variety of Paraguayan Guarani""}",,,bib1903,yes -1721-location-1,1721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.1694, -63.8525]]}",,,bib5307,no -1721-location-2,1721,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Argentina: Provinces of Salta and Jujuy.""}",,,bib1903,yes +1721-context-1,1721,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""67 percent also speak a variety of Paraguayan Guarani""}",,,bib1915,yes +1721-location-1,1721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.1694, -63.8525]]}",,,bib5330,no +1721-location-2,1721,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Argentina: Provinces of Salta and Jujuy.""}",,,bib1915,yes 1721-location-3,1721,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Chuquisaca Department, south to Pilcomayo River, east to Cuevo, north to Monte Agudo.""}",,"Chuquisaca Department, south to Pilcomayo River, east to Cuevo, north to Monte Agudo.",bib67,no -1721-speaker_number-1,1721,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1721-speakers-1,1721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1721-speaker_number-2,1721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number of speakers is unknown.,bib1903,yes -1721-speakers-2,1721,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number of speakers is unknown.,bib1903,yes +1721-speaker_number-1,1721,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1721-speakers-1,1721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1721-speaker_number-2,1721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number of speakers is unknown.,bib1915,yes +1721-speakers-2,1721,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number of speakers is unknown.,bib1915,yes 1721-speaker_number-3,1721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1721-speakers-3,1721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1721-speaker_number-4,1721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 (2002 J. Russell) (2016 unchanged).",bib67,no 1721-speakers-4,1721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 (2002 J. Russell) (2016 unchanged).",bib67,no -1721-LEI-1,1721,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1721-vitality-1,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1721-LEI-2,1721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -1721-vitality-2,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +1721-LEI-1,1721,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1721-vitality-1,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1721-LEI-2,1721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +1721-vitality-2,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 1721-LEI-3,1721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1721-vitality-3,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1721-LEI-4,1721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1721-vitality-4,1721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1728-context-1,1728,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except domestic""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib213,no -1728-context-2,1728,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Some families are shifting to Russian. One reference grammar has been published in Georgian (Gudava, 1962), and two dictionaries (Alekseev & Azaev, 2019; Saidova & Abusov, 2012)",bib2889,yes +1728-context-2,1728,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Some families are shifting to Russian. One reference grammar has been published in Georgian (Gudava, 1962), and two dictionaries (Alekseev & Azaev, 2019; Saidova & Abusov, 2012)",bib2903,yes 1728-context-3,1728,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes""}",,,bib67,no -1728-location-1,1728,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.6602, 46.2222]]}",,,bib5307,no -1728-location-2,1728,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken primarily in the villages of Botlikh, Miarso, Ashino, and Ankho in northwestern Daghestan, Russian Federation""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3917, 46.1351]]}",,,bib2889,yes +1728-location-1,1728,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.6602, 46.2222]]}",,,bib5330,no +1728-location-2,1728,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken primarily in the villages of Botlikh, Miarso, Ashino, and Ankho in northwestern Daghestan, Russian Federation""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3917, 46.1351]]}",,,bib2903,yes 1728-location-3,1728,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1728-speaker_number-1,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1728-speakers-1,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1728-speaker_number-1,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1728-speakers-1,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1728-speaker_number-2,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 1728-speakers-2,1728,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -1728-speaker_number-3,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2889,yes -1728-speakers-3,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000-8,000 speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2889,yes +1728-speaker_number-3,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2903,yes +1728-speakers-3,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000-8,000 speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2903,yes 1728-speaker_number-4,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1728-speakers-4,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1728-speaker_number-5,1728,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no 1728-speakers-5,1728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no -1728-LEI-1,1728,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1728-vitality-1,1728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1728-LEI-1,1728,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1728-vitality-1,1728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1728-LEI-2,1728,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1728-vitality-2,1728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -1728-LEI-3,1728,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2889,yes -1728-transmission-3,1728,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2889,yes -1728-domains_of_use-3,1728,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib2889,yes -1728-speaker_number_trends-3,1728,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib2889,yes -1728-vitality-3,1728,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2889,yes +1728-LEI-3,1728,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2903,yes +1728-transmission-3,1728,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2903,yes +1728-domains_of_use-3,1728,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib2903,yes +1728-speaker_number_trends-3,1728,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib2903,yes +1728-vitality-3,1728,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2903,yes 1728-LEI-4,1728,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1728-vitality-4,1728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1728-LEI-5,1728,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1728-transmission-5,1728,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib67,no 1728-domains_of_use-5,1728,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib67,no 1728-vitality-5,1728,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -1730-context-1,1730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: getting rudimentary among the younger generation, which is completely bi- or monolingual in Russian",bib6475,yes +1730-context-1,1730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: getting rudimentary among the younger generation, which is completely bi- or monolingual in Russian",bib6499,yes 1730-location-1,1730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.0, -173.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1730-location-2,1730,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1730-location-3,1730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.6248, 176.1767]]}",,,bib5307,no -1730-location-4,1730,location,"{""Description"": ""all over Chukotka, from the Arctic coast to the Bering Sea region; within the Chukchee Autonomous District of Magadan Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes -1730-location-5,1730,location,"{""Places"": [""Chukchi District, Koryak District, Lower Kolyma, Republic of Sakha""]}",,,bib5309,no +1730-location-3,1730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.6248, 176.1767]]}",,,bib5330,no +1730-location-4,1730,location,"{""Description"": ""all over Chukotka, from the Arctic coast to the Bering Sea region; within the Chukchee Autonomous District of Magadan Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes +1730-location-5,1730,location,"{""Places"": [""Chukchi District, Koryak District, Lower Kolyma, Republic of Sakha""]}",,,bib5332,no 1730-speaker_number-1,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2,no 1730-speakers-1,1730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,223"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,095"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2,no 1730-speaker_number-2,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no 1730-speakers-2,1730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,767"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no -1730-speaker_number-3,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1730-speakers-3,1730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,742"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1730-speaker_number-4,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"total number of speakers: officially approx. 11,000, but quite possibly fewer",bib6475,yes -1730-speakers-4,1730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"total number of speakers: officially approx. 11,000, but quite possibly fewer",bib6475,yes +1730-speaker_number-3,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1730-speakers-3,1730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,742"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1730-speaker_number-4,1730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"total number of speakers: officially approx. 11,000, but quite possibly fewer",bib6499,yes +1730-speakers-4,1730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"total number of speakers: officially approx. 11,000, but quite possibly fewer",bib6499,yes 1730-speaker_number-5,1730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1730-speakers-5,1730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1730-speaker_number-6,1730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5309,no -1730-speakers-6,1730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5309,no +1730-speaker_number-6,1730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5332,no +1730-speakers-6,1730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5332,no 1730-speaker_number-7,1730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 1730-speakers-7,1730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,183"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,673"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no 1730-LEI-1,1730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2,no 1730-vitality-1,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2,no 1730-LEI-2,1730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1730-vitality-2,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1730-LEI-3,1730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1730-vitality-3,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1730-LEI-4,1730,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6475,yes -1730-transmission-4,1730,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6475,yes -1730-speaker_number_trends-4,1730,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6475,yes -1730-vitality-4,1730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6475,yes +1730-LEI-3,1730,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1730-vitality-3,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1730-LEI-4,1730,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6499,yes +1730-transmission-4,1730,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6499,yes +1730-speaker_number_trends-4,1730,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6499,yes +1730-vitality-4,1730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Chukchee is often thought to be safe, but there are actually very few children speaking the language",bib6499,yes 1730-LEI-5,1730,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1730-vitality-5,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1730-LEI-6,1730,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -1730-transmission-6,1730,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -1730-vitality-6,1730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5309,no +1730-LEI-6,1730,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +1730-transmission-6,1730,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +1730-vitality-6,1730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5332,no 1730-LEI-7,1730,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1730-vitality-7,1730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 1731-location-1,1731,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.41666666667, -70.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1731-location-2,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas, Javari Valley, Municipality of Atalaia do Norte, on the border with Peru.""}",,"Amazonas, Javari Valley, Municipality of Atalaia do Norte, on the border with Peru.",bib67,no -1731-location-3,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.1405, -70.664]]}",,,bib5307,no +1731-location-3,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.1405, -70.664]]}",,,bib5330,no 1731-location-4,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"The Matís live in two villages in the middle portion of the Itui River. These villages are located at the points where Igarape Beija-Flor and Igarape Aurelio (igarape means ‘stream’) meet the -Itui River. They live in close proximity to the Marúbo and interact with them and the Korubo. (p.11)",bib500,yes -1731-location-5,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +Itui River. They live in close proximity to the Marúbo and interact with them and the Korubo. (p.11)",bib503,yes +1731-location-5,1731,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 1731-speaker_number-1,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,320 (2008 ISA) (2014),bib67,no 1731-speakers-1,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,320 (2008 ISA) (2014),bib67,no -1731-speaker_number-2,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1731-speakers-2,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1731-speaker_number-3,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""The Ethnologue lists 120 speakers of Matís. The Socioambiental web site lists 239 for this group in 2000 (http://www.socioambiental.org/pib/epienglish/verbetinho/Matis.htm). According to FUNASA (Government Health Department), as reported by one of their employees, there are now 280 Matís (Emsheimer, personal communication, Feb. 1, 2007). The higher figure is likely more accurate since most of these groups appear to be increasing."" (pp.11-12)",bib500,yes -1731-speakers-3,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""The Ethnologue lists 120 speakers of Matís. The Socioambiental web site lists 239 for this group in 2000 (http://www.socioambiental.org/pib/epienglish/verbetinho/Matis.htm). According to FUNASA (Government Health Department), as reported by one of their employees, there are now 280 Matís (Emsheimer, personal communication, Feb. 1, 2007). The higher figure is likely more accurate since most of these groups appear to be increasing."" (pp.11-12)",bib500,yes +1731-speaker_number-2,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1731-speakers-2,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1731-speaker_number-3,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""The Ethnologue lists 120 speakers of Matís. The Socioambiental web site lists 239 for this group in 2000 (http://www.socioambiental.org/pib/epienglish/verbetinho/Matis.htm). According to FUNASA (Government Health Department), as reported by one of their employees, there are now 280 Matís (Emsheimer, personal communication, Feb. 1, 2007). The higher figure is likely more accurate since most of these groups appear to be increasing."" (pp.11-12)",bib503,yes +1731-speakers-3,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""The Ethnologue lists 120 speakers of Matís. The Socioambiental web site lists 239 for this group in 2000 (http://www.socioambiental.org/pib/epienglish/verbetinho/Matis.htm). According to FUNASA (Government Health Department), as reported by one of their employees, there are now 280 Matís (Emsheimer, personal communication, Feb. 1, 2007). The higher figure is likely more accurate since most of these groups appear to be increasing."" (pp.11-12)",bib503,yes 1731-speaker_number-4,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1731-speakers-4,1731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1731-speaker_number-5,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -1731-speakers-5,1731,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""322"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +1731-speaker_number-5,1731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +1731-speakers-5,1731,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""322"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 1731-LEI-1,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1731-vitality-1,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1731-LEI-2,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1731-vitality-2,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1731-LEI-3,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib500,yes -1731-vitality-3,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib500,yes +1731-LEI-2,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1731-vitality-2,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1731-LEI-3,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib503,yes +1731-vitality-3,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib503,yes 1731-LEI-4,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1731-vitality-4,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1731-LEI-5,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1731-vitality-5,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1732-location-1,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the G\u00e1lvez and Yaquirana rivers, and the A\u00f1ushiyacu ravine, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1731-LEI-5,1731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1731-vitality-5,1731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1732-location-1,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the G\u00e1lvez and Yaquirana rivers, and the A\u00f1ushiyacu ravine, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1732-location-2,1732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.41666666667, -73.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1732-location-3,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Yaquerana. Also in Brazil.""}",,"Loreto Region, along the lower Yaquerana River and its tributaries; lower Yavari; along Chobayacu and Gálvez rivers",bib67,no -1732-location-4,1732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5285, -73.4765]]}",,,bib5307,no +1732-location-4,1732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5285, -73.4765]]}",,,bib5330,no 1732-location-5,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"The Matsés live along both sides of the upper part of the Javari River. There are fourteen Matsés villages in Peru and three in Brazil. Most Matsés do not live in Brazil’s Javari Valley Indigenous Area, thus their villages are not off limits to outsiders. Their villages are along the Javari, Jaquirana, and Pardo Rivers in Brazil. They live along the Galvez River and along Igarape Chobayacu in Peru. Some Matsés have moved downriver and settled in Atalaia do Norte or Benjamim Constant. There are also at least two uncontacted Matsés groups in Brazil. The two groups live less than 50 kilometers east of the Javari River (Fleck 2003:2). One is located east and slightly south of Palmeiras. The other is located almost directly south of the first. It is east of Lobo and about 50 -kilometers upriver from Palmeiras. (p.13)",bib500,no -1732-location-6,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Peru, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2646,yes -1732-location-7,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +kilometers upriver from Palmeiras. (p.13)",bib503,no +1732-location-6,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Peru, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2659,yes +1732-location-7,1732,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 1732-speaker_number-1,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,400 in Peru (2006 SIL). Population total all countries: 2,200. (2230 [2016].)",bib67,no 1732-speakers-1,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Peru"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,400 in Peru (2006 SIL). Population total all countries: 2,200. (2230 [2016].)",bib67,no -1732-speaker_number-2,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1732-speakers-2,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1732-speaker_number-2,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1732-speakers-2,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1732-speaker_number-3,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are more speakers in Peru than Brazil. The Ethnologue lists 1,000 in Brazil and 2,000 in Peru. The Socioambiental web site puts the population at 829 in Brazil in the year 2000 ... Another web site estimates that there are currently 760 Matsés in Brazil (http://www.korubo.com/AMAZONDOC/ @@ -14193,7 +14255,7 @@ amazongallery.html). Perhaps one of the most accurate estimates comes from Fleck completed his Ph.D. dissertation on the Matsés in 2003. He bases his information on figures from another researcher who conducted a census in 1998, and on estimates of population increase. Fleck (2003:21) estimates that there was a total population of between 2,100 and 2,200 in 2003. -About 1,400 of those would be in Peru, with the remaining 800 in Brazil.",bib500,no +About 1,400 of those would be in Peru, with the remaining 800 in Brazil.",bib503,no 1732-speakers-3,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are more speakers in Peru than Brazil. The Ethnologue lists 1,000 in Brazil and 2,000 in Peru. The Socioambiental web site puts the population at 829 in Brazil in the year 2000 ... Another web site estimates that there are currently 760 Matsés in Brazil (http://www.korubo.com/AMAZONDOC/ @@ -14201,133 +14263,133 @@ amazongallery.html). Perhaps one of the most accurate estimates comes from Fleck completed his Ph.D. dissertation on the Matsés in 2003. He bases his information on figures from another researcher who conducted a census in 1998, and on estimates of population increase. Fleck (2003:21) estimates that there was a total population of between 2,100 and 2,200 in 2003. -About 1,400 of those would be in Peru, with the remaining 800 in Brazil.",bib500,no +About 1,400 of those would be in Peru, with the remaining 800 in Brazil.",bib503,no 1732-speaker_number-4,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1732-speakers-4,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1732-speaker_number-5,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2646,yes -1732-speakers-5,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2646,yes -1732-speaker_number-6,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1500 speakers in Brazil (out of an ethnic population of 1592 people) and 2500 speakers and population in Peru.,bib1902,no -1732-speakers-6,1732,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,592"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1500 speakers in Brazil (out of an ethnic population of 1592 people) and 2500 speakers and population in Peru.,bib1902,no +1732-speaker_number-5,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2659,yes +1732-speakers-5,1732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2659,yes +1732-speaker_number-6,1732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1500 speakers in Brazil (out of an ethnic population of 1592 people) and 2500 speakers and population in Peru.,bib1914,no +1732-speakers-6,1732,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,592"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1500 speakers in Brazil (out of an ethnic population of 1592 people) and 2500 speakers and population in Peru.,bib1914,no 1732-LEI-1,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1732-vitality-1,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1732-LEI-2,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1732-vitality-2,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1732-LEI-3,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib500,no -1732-vitality-3,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib500,no +1732-LEI-2,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1732-vitality-2,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1732-LEI-3,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib503,no +1732-vitality-3,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib503,no 1732-LEI-4,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1732-vitality-4,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1732-LEI-5,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2646,yes -1732-vitality-5,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2646,yes -1732-LEI-6,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1732-vitality-6,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1733-location-1,1733,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Curanja River and at the headwaters of the Pur\u00fas and Yur\u00faa rivers, in the province of Atalaya, Ucayali Region, Peru; and by the Alto Pur\u00fas, Alto Yur\u00faa, Bajo Yur\u00faa, Juta\u00ed, Itacoa\u00ed, and Curu\u00e7\u00e1 rivers in the states of Acre and Amazonas, Brazil""}",,,bib8124,yes +1732-LEI-5,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2659,yes +1732-vitality-5,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2659,yes +1732-LEI-6,1732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1732-vitality-6,1732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1733-location-1,1733,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the mouth of the Curanja River and at the headwaters of the Pur\u00fas and Yur\u00faa rivers, in the province of Atalaya, Ucayali Region, Peru; and by the Alto Pur\u00fas, Alto Yur\u00faa, Bajo Yur\u00faa, Juta\u00ed, Itacoa\u00ed, and Curu\u00e7\u00e1 rivers in the states of Acre and Amazonas, Brazil""}",,,bib8149,yes 1733-location-2,1733,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0, -70.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1733-location-3,1733,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas and Acre states, on Juru\u00e1 and Purus rivers.""}",,"Amazonas and Acre states, on Juruá and Purus rivers.",bib67,no -1733-location-4,1733,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6224, -70.7958]]}",,,bib5307,no -1733-location-5,1733,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the Upper Pur\u00fas River.""}",,,bib1903,no -1733-speaker_number-1,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 417 speakers in Peru (2007 Census) and 2,437 speakers in Brazil (Rodrigues 1986).",bib8124,yes -1733-speakers-1,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2854"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007, 1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 417 speakers in Peru (2007 Census) and 2,437 speakers in Brazil (Rodrigues 1986).",bib8124,yes +1733-location-4,1733,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6224, -70.7958]]}",,,bib5330,no +1733-location-5,1733,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the Upper Pur\u00fas River.""}",,,bib1915,no +1733-speaker_number-1,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 417 speakers in Peru (2007 Census) and 2,437 speakers in Brazil (Rodrigues 1986).",bib8149,yes +1733-speakers-1,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2854"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007, 1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 417 speakers in Peru (2007 Census) and 2,437 speakers in Brazil (Rodrigues 1986).",bib8149,yes 1733-speaker_number-2,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,500 in Brazil (2006 ISA). Population total all countries: 3,900 (2016).",bib67,no 1733-speakers-2,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 in Brazil (2006 ISA). Population total all countries: 3,900 (2016).",bib67,no -1733-speaker_number-3,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1733-speakers-3,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1733-speaker_number-4,1733,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 400 speakers in Peru, possibly more in Brazil.",bib1903,no -1733-speakers-4,1733,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 400 speakers in Peru, possibly more in Brazil.",bib1903,no +1733-speaker_number-3,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1733-speakers-3,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1733-speaker_number-4,1733,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 400 speakers in Peru, possibly more in Brazil.",bib1915,no +1733-speakers-4,1733,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 400 speakers in Peru, possibly more in Brazil.",bib1915,no 1733-speaker_number-5,1733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1733-speakers-5,1733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,303"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1733-LEI-1,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,yes -1733-vitality-1,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8124,yes +1733-LEI-1,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,yes +1733-vitality-1,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8149,yes 1733-LEI-2,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1733-vitality-2,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1733-LEI-3,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1733-vitality-3,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1733-LEI-4,1733,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1733-transmission-4,1733,transmission,0,transmission-0,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1733-speaker_number_trends-4,1733,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1733-vitality-4,1733,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no +1733-LEI-3,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1733-vitality-3,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1733-LEI-4,1733,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1733-transmission-4,1733,transmission,0,transmission-0,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1733-speaker_number_trends-4,1733,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1733-vitality-4,1733,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are 2 bilingual schools with 3 teachers. All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no 1733-LEI-5,1733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1733-vitality-5,1733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1734-location-1,1734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6597, -71.5429]]}",,,bib5307,no -1734-location-2,1734,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Peru, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2646,yes +1734-location-1,1734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6597, -71.5429]]}",,,bib5330,no +1734-location-2,1734,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Peru, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2659,yes 1734-location-3,1734,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -1734-speaker_number-1,1734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1734-speakers-1,1734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1734-speaker_number-2,1734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2646,yes -1734-speakers-2,1734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2646,yes -1734-speakers-3,1734,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,Only elders speak the language.,bib1902,no +1734-speaker_number-1,1734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1734-speakers-1,1734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1734-speaker_number-2,1734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2659,yes +1734-speakers-2,1734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2659,yes +1734-speakers-3,1734,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,Only elders speak the language.,bib1914,no 1734-speaker_number-4,1734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,32 (2007 SIL),bib67,no 1734-speakers-4,1734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,32 (2007 SIL),bib67,no -1734-LEI-1,1734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1734-vitality-1,1734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1734-LEI-2,1734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2646,yes -1734-vitality-2,1734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2646,yes +1734-LEI-1,1734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1734-vitality-1,1734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1734-LEI-2,1734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2659,yes +1734-vitality-2,1734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2659,yes 1734-LEI-3,1734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1734-vitality-3,1734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1735-location-1,1735,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2646,no -1735-location-2,1735,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""In or near Curu\u00e7\u00e1 River basin (right bank of the Javari River tributary), Brazil.""}",,,bib2647,yes -1735-speaker_number-1,1735,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2646,no -1735-speakers-1,1735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2646,no -1735-speakers-2,1735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib2647,yes -1735-LEI-1,1735,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2646,no -1735-transmission-1,1735,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2646,no -1735-domains_of_use-1,1735,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2646,no -1735-speaker_number_trends-1,1735,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2646,no -1735-vitality-1,1735,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2646,no -1735-LEI-2,1735,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2647,yes -1735-vitality-2,1735,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2647,yes +1735-location-1,1735,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.283333, -73.15]]}",,,bib2659,no +1735-location-2,1735,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""In or near Curu\u00e7\u00e1 River basin (right bank of the Javari River tributary), Brazil.""}",,,bib2660,yes +1735-speaker_number-1,1735,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2659,no +1735-speakers-1,1735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2659,no +1735-speakers-2,1735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib2660,yes +1735-LEI-1,1735,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2659,no +1735-transmission-1,1735,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2659,no +1735-domains_of_use-1,1735,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2659,no +1735-speaker_number_trends-1,1735,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2659,no +1735-vitality-1,1735,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2659,no +1735-LEI-2,1735,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2660,yes +1735-vitality-2,1735,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2660,yes 1736-context-1,1736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian [rus]""}",,,bib68,no 1736-context-2,1736,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Tatar""}",,,bib213,no 1736-location-1,1736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.3333333333, 89.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1736-location-2,1736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.3354, 88.1542]]}",,,bib5307,no +1736-location-2,1736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.3354, 88.1542]]}",,,bib5330,no 1736-location-3,1736,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Khakasiya, north of Altay mountains, Chulym river basin, Ob river tributary.""}",,,bib68,no -1736-location-4,1736,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Tegul'det County (Tyukhtet County)""}",,,bib5309,yes -1736-speaker_number-1,1736,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1736-speakers-1,1736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1736-location-4,1736,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Tegul'det County (Tyukhtet County)""}",,,bib5332,yes +1736-speaker_number-1,1736,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1736-speakers-1,1736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1736-speaker_number-2,1736,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib68,no 1736-speakers-2,1736,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib68,no 1736-speaker_number-3,1736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1736-speakers-3,1736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1736-speaker_number-4,1736,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,yes -1736-speakers-4,1736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,yes +1736-speaker_number-4,1736,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,yes +1736-speakers-4,1736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,yes 1736-speaker_number-5,1736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib213,no 1736-speakers-5,1736,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""639"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""639"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib213,no -1736-LEI-1,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1736-vitality-1,1736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1736-LEI-1,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1736-vitality-1,1736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1736-LEI-2,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1736-vitality-2,1736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1736-LEI-3,1736,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1736-vitality-3,1736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1736-LEI-4,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -1736-transmission-4,1736,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5309,yes -1736-vitality-4,1736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5309,yes +1736-LEI-4,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +1736-transmission-4,1736,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5332,yes +1736-vitality-4,1736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5332,yes 1736-LEI-5,1736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 1736-speaker_number_trends-5,1736,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib213,no 1736-vitality-5,1736,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no 1739-context-1,1739,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"""In 1989, 500 speakers were reported from the Soviet Union, including 100 in -the Crimea, but the figures seem meaningless, as only people born in the 1930s or earlier appear to retain fluency in Krimchak; they number perhaps 200, and even they use Krimchak rarely"" (Salminen, 2007)",bib6474,yes +the Crimea, but the figures seem meaningless, as only people born in the 1930s or earlier appear to retain fluency in Krimchak; they number perhaps 200, and even they use Krimchak rarely"" (Salminen, 2007)",bib6498,yes 1739-context-2,1739,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The majority Krymchaks speak Russian.""}",,"""Not long ago the Krymchaks used to speak a variant of Crimean Tatar which had some of the distinctive features of the Steppe dialect and has sometimes been referred to as its Krymchak ethnolect. The Crimean Tatar language was the universal means of communication in the Crimea from the 15th to the 19th centuries... Today the majority of Krymchaks speak Russian. Crimean Tatar is used only by those over 70. In most instances the younger generation lacks even a passive knowledge of Crimean Tatar. Intermarriages are the norm. The mass transition of the young to the Russian language occurred at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time the older Krymchak women were monolingual"" (The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire)",bib213,no -1739-location-1,1739,location,"{""Description"": ""\""Speakers lived originally among Crimean Tatar speakers, with Simferopol as the main centre. More than two thirds of the population were murdered by Germans during the Second World War. There are now 1,200 ethnic Krimchaks in the Crimea, and 600 elsewhere.\"" (Salminen, 2007)""}",,,bib6474,yes +1739-location-1,1739,location,"{""Description"": ""\""Speakers lived originally among Crimean Tatar speakers, with Simferopol as the main centre. More than two thirds of the population were murdered by Germans during the Second World War. There are now 1,200 ethnic Krimchaks in the Crimea, and 600 elsewhere.\"" (Salminen, 2007)""}",,,bib6498,yes 1739-location-2,1739,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0, 34.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1739-location-3,1739,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""USA"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Moldova"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Romania"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Turkey""]}",,,bib67,no -1739-location-4,1739,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.9414, 28.3062]]}",,,bib5307,no -1739-speaker_number-1,1739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -1739-speakers-1,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +1739-location-4,1739,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.9414, 28.3062]]}",,,bib5330,no +1739-speaker_number-1,1739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +1739-speakers-1,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 1739-speaker_number-2,1739,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"260,000 in Ukraine (2006 A. Goriainov).",bib67,no 1739-speakers-2,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""483,990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"260,000 in Ukraine (2006 A. Goriainov).",bib67,no -1739-speaker_number-3,1739,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1739-speakers-3,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1739-speaker_number-3,1739,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1739-speakers-3,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1739-speaker_number-4,1739,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1739-speakers-4,1739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""456,341"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 1739-speaker_number-5,1739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Crimean Tatar is used only by those over 70,bib213,no 1739-speakers-5,1739,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Crimean Tatar is used only by those over 70,bib213,no -1739-LEI-1,1739,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -1739-transmission-1,1739,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,yes -1739-speaker_number_trends-1,1739,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,yes -1739-vitality-1,1739,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes +1739-LEI-1,1739,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +1739-transmission-1,1739,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,yes +1739-speaker_number_trends-1,1739,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,yes +1739-vitality-1,1739,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes 1739-LEI-2,1739,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1739-vitality-2,1739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1739-LEI-3,1739,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1739-vitality-3,1739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1739-LEI-3,1739,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1739-vitality-3,1739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1739-LEI-4,1739,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1739-vitality-4,1739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1739-LEI-5,1739,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no @@ -14335,324 +14397,324 @@ the Crimea, but the figures seem meaningless, as only people born in the 1930s o 1739-speaker_number_trends-5,1739,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib213,no 1739-vitality-5,1739,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib213,no 1740-context-1,1740,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese [por], Kaiw\u00e1 [kgk], Kaiw\u00e1 [kgk]""}",,"Shifted to Portuguese [por] mainly or Kaiwá [kgk]. Also use Kaiwá [kgk], Portuguese [por].",bib69,no -1740-context-2,1740,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib6248,no -1740-location-1,1740,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.361, -52.0532]]}",,,bib5307,no -1740-location-2,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brasilandia Municipality, Terra Indigena Ofaie-Xavante.""}",,,bib1903,no +1740-context-2,1740,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib6272,no +1740-location-1,1740,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.361, -52.0532]]}",,,bib5330,no +1740-location-2,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brasilandia Municipality, Terra Indigena Ofaie-Xavante.""}",,,bib1915,no 1740-location-3,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul, along Verde, Vacaris, and Ivinhema rivers, around Brasil\u00e2ndia.""}",,"Mato Grosso do Sul, along the Verde, Vacaris, and Ivinhema rivers, around Brasilândia.",bib69,no -1740-location-4,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul""}",,,bib6248,no -1740-location-5,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1740-speaker_number-1,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1740-speakers-1,1740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1740-speaker_number-2,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -1740-speakers-2,1740,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +1740-location-4,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul""}",,,bib6272,no +1740-location-5,1740,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1740-speaker_number-1,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1740-speakers-1,1740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1740-speaker_number-2,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +1740-speakers-2,1740,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 1740-speaker_number-3,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1740-speakers-3,1740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1740-speaker_number-4,1740,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker numbers from (2005 S. Anonby); ethnic population from (2006 FUNASA). (2016 unchanged.)",bib69,no 1740-speakers-4,1740,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker numbers from (2005 S. Anonby); ethnic population from (2006 FUNASA). (2016 unchanged.)",bib69,no -1740-speaker_number-5,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6248,no -1740-speakers-5,1740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6248,no -1740-speaker_number-6,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -1740-speakers-6,1740,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes -1740-LEI-1,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1740-vitality-1,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1740-LEI-2,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1740-vitality-2,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1740-speaker_number-5,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6272,no +1740-speakers-5,1740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6272,no +1740-speaker_number-6,1740,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +1740-speakers-6,1740,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes +1740-LEI-1,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1740-vitality-1,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1740-LEI-2,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1740-vitality-2,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1740-LEI-3,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1740-vitality-3,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1740-LEI-4,1740,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language revival effort underway.,bib69,no 1740-vitality-4,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language revival effort underway.,bib69,no -1740-LEI-5,1740,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6248,no -1740-speaker_number_trends-5,1740,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6248,no -1740-vitality-5,1740,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6248,no -1740-LEI-6,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1740-vitality-6,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1740-LEI-5,1740,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6272,no +1740-speaker_number_trends-5,1740,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6272,no +1740-vitality-5,1740,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6272,no +1740-LEI-6,1740,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1740-vitality-6,1740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1741-location-1,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia State, the Pacaás-Novos River headwaters, a tributary of the Mamoré River.",bib67,no -1741-location-2,1741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6683, -65.1379]]}",,,bib5307,no -1741-location-3,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""along the headwaters of the Paca\u00e1s Novos River""}",,,bib933,no -1741-location-4,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no -1741-location-5,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1741-speaker_number-1,1741,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Olívia, an ORO WIN woman said yesterday, by Skype, with the help of my friend Edineia Isidoro, that there are 12 speakers of ORO WIN, and that they are trying to revitalize their native language. As for Olívia, the actual name of her group is Oro Towati. She also said that other Txapakura [Chapakuran groups] who spoke other languages very close to her own language have been exterminated, such as the Oro Masam, Oro Japraji', Oro Kitam, Oro An Am.",bib1382,no -1741-speakers-1,1741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Olívia, an ORO WIN woman said yesterday, by Skype, with the help of my friend Edineia Isidoro, that there are 12 speakers of ORO WIN, and that they are trying to revitalize their native language. As for Olívia, the actual name of her group is Oro Towati. She also said that other Txapakura [Chapakuran groups] who spoke other languages very close to her own language have been exterminated, such as the Oro Masam, Oro Japraji', Oro Kitam, Oro An Am.",bib1382,no +1741-location-2,1741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6683, -65.1379]]}",,,bib5330,no +1741-location-3,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""along the headwaters of the Paca\u00e1s Novos River""}",,,bib937,no +1741-location-4,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no +1741-location-5,1741,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1741-speaker_number-1,1741,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Olívia, an ORO WIN woman said yesterday, by Skype, with the help of my friend Edineia Isidoro, that there are 12 speakers of ORO WIN, and that they are trying to revitalize their native language. As for Olívia, the actual name of her group is Oro Towati. She also said that other Txapakura [Chapakuran groups] who spoke other languages very close to her own language have been exterminated, such as the Oro Masam, Oro Japraji', Oro Kitam, Oro An Am.",bib1394,no +1741-speakers-1,1741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Olívia, an ORO WIN woman said yesterday, by Skype, with the help of my friend Edineia Isidoro, that there are 12 speakers of ORO WIN, and that they are trying to revitalize their native language. As for Olívia, the actual name of her group is Oro Towati. She also said that other Txapakura [Chapakuran groups] who spoke other languages very close to her own language have been exterminated, such as the Oro Masam, Oro Japraji', Oro Kitam, Oro An Am.",bib1394,no 1741-speaker_number-2,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"5 (1996 SIL). Ethnic population: 55 (1998). 2 (2016) [from 2010].",bib67,no 1741-speakers-2,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 speakers, 1998 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"5 (1996 SIL). Ethnic population: 55 (1998). 2 (2016) [from 2010].",bib67,no -1741-speaker_number-3,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib606,no -1741-speakers-3,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib606,no -1741-speaker_number-4,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1741-speakers-4,1741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1741-speaker_number-5,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,all elders,bib933,no -1741-speakers-5,1741,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,all elders,bib933,no -1741-speaker_number-6,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1741-speakers-6,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +1741-speaker_number-3,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib609,no +1741-speakers-3,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib609,no +1741-speaker_number-4,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1741-speakers-4,1741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1741-speaker_number-5,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,all elders,bib937,no +1741-speakers-5,1741,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,all elders,bib937,no +1741-speaker_number-6,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1741-speakers-6,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 1741-speaker_number-7,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1741-speakers-7,1741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 1741-speaker_number-8,1741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Oro Win (Oro Towati) 5 speakers, 56 populations (2006). Wari’ (Pakaa Nova, Pacaás Novos) 2,721 speakers, 2,721 population -(2006).",bib1902,yes +(2006).",bib1914,yes 1741-speakers-8,1741,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Oro Win (Oro Towati) 5 speakers, 56 populations (2006). Wari’ (Pakaa Nova, Pacaás Novos) 2,721 speakers, 2,721 population -(2006).",bib1902,yes -1741-LEI-1,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1382,no -1741-transmission-1,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1382,no -1741-speaker_number_trends-1,1741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1382,no -1741-vitality-1,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1382,no +(2006).",bib1914,yes +1741-LEI-1,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1394,no +1741-transmission-1,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1394,no +1741-speaker_number_trends-1,1741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1394,no +1741-vitality-1,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1394,no 1741-LEI-2,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1741-vitality-2,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1741-LEI-3,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -1741-vitality-3,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib606,no -1741-LEI-4,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1741-vitality-4,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1741-LEI-5,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib933,no -1741-transmission-5,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib933,no -1741-vitality-5,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib933,no -1741-LEI-6,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1741-vitality-6,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1741-LEI-3,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +1741-vitality-3,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib609,no +1741-LEI-4,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1741-vitality-4,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1741-LEI-5,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib937,no +1741-transmission-5,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib937,no +1741-vitality-5,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib937,no +1741-LEI-6,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1741-vitality-6,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1741-LEI-7,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1741-vitality-7,1741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1741-LEI-8,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1741-transmission-8,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,yes -1741-speaker_number_trends-8,1741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,yes -1741-vitality-8,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,yes -1743-context-1,1743,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib6608,no -1743-location-1,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)""}",,,bib2728,yes +1741-LEI-8,1741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1741-transmission-8,1741,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,yes +1741-speaker_number_trends-8,1741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,yes +1741-vitality-8,1741,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,yes +1743-context-1,1743,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib6632,no +1743-location-1,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)""}",,,bib2742,yes 1743-location-2,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -1743-location-3,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Island""}",,,bib1913,no -1743-location-4,1743,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.251, 167.422]]}",,,bib5307,no -1743-location-5,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Gaua Island, North Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Lakona Bay""}",,,bib6608,no -1743-speaker_number-1,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,yes -1743-speakers-1,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,yes -1743-speaker_number-2,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -1743-speakers-2,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +1743-location-3,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Island""}",,,bib1925,no +1743-location-4,1743,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.251, 167.422]]}",,,bib5330,no +1743-location-5,1743,location,"{""Places"": [""Gaua Island, North Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Lakona Bay""}",,,bib6632,no +1743-speaker_number-1,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,yes +1743-speakers-1,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,yes +1743-speaker_number-2,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +1743-speakers-2,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 1743-speaker_number-3,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from (2003 A. Francois).,bib67,no 1743-speakers-3,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from (2003 A. Francois).,bib67,no -1743-speaker_number-4,1743,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Reports of speaker numbers vary greatly.,bib1913,no -1743-speakers-4,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Reports of speaker numbers vary greatly.,bib1913,no -1743-speaker_number-5,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1743-speakers-5,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1743-speaker_number-4,1743,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Reports of speaker numbers vary greatly.,bib1925,no +1743-speakers-4,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Reports of speaker numbers vary greatly.,bib1925,no +1743-speaker_number-5,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1743-speakers-5,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1743-speaker_number-6,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1743-speakers-6,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1743-speaker_number-7,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1 for Togla variety, 4 for Olrat variety",bib6608,no -1743-speakers-7,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1 for Togla variety, 4 for Olrat variety",bib6608,no -1743-LEI-1,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,yes -1743-vitality-1,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,yes -1743-LEI-2,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -1743-vitality-2,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +1743-speaker_number-7,1743,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1 for Togla variety, 4 for Olrat variety",bib6632,no +1743-speakers-7,1743,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1 for Togla variety, 4 for Olrat variety",bib6632,no +1743-LEI-1,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,yes +1743-vitality-1,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,yes +1743-LEI-2,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +1743-vitality-2,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 1743-LEI-3,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1743-vitality-3,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1743-LEI-4,1743,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,no -1743-vitality-4,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,no -1743-LEI-5,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1743-vitality-5,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1743-LEI-4,1743,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,no +1743-vitality-4,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,no +1743-LEI-5,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1743-vitality-5,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1743-LEI-6,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1743-vitality-6,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1743-LEI-7,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6608,no -1743-vitality-7,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6608,no -1744-context-1,1744,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib7948,no -1744-context-2,1744,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin or other Chinese languages such as Xiang"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In all of these villages, there is a steady shift to the use of Chinese. Only in Boluozhai, one of the remotest village clusters, are young children still speaking the dialect.",bib1219,yes -1744-context-3,1744,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1205,no -1744-location-1,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""central south China""], ""Description"": ""mountainous area""}",,,bib7948,no +1743-LEI-7,1743,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6632,no +1743-vitality-7,1743,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6632,no +1744-context-1,1744,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,,bib7973,no +1744-context-2,1744,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin or other Chinese languages such as Xiang"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In all of these villages, there is a steady shift to the use of Chinese. Only in Boluozhai, one of the remotest village clusters, are young children still speaking the dialect.",bib1228,yes +1744-context-3,1744,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1214,no +1744-location-1,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""central south China""], ""Description"": ""mountainous area""}",,,bib7973,no 1744-location-2,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Hunan Province, Luxi County. 3 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -1744-location-3,1744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.258, 109.9398]]}",,,bib5307,no -1744-location-4,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""Hunan, China""], ""Description"": ""a few villages within Tanxizhen Township in western Luxi County \u7018\u6eaa\u7e23""}",,,bib1219,yes -1744-location-5,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Hunan, Luxi County""}",,"Earlier reported as still spoken in ten villages in eastern Luxi county, but recently found only in three: Boluozhai where all including children speak the language; Puzhu, where some children can speak; and Xiaqieji, where only adults can speak; in some of the other villages old people still know the language.",bib1205,no -1744-speaker_number-1,1744,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7948,no -1744-speakers-1,1744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7948,no +1744-location-3,1744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.258, 109.9398]]}",,,bib5330,no +1744-location-4,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""Hunan, China""], ""Description"": ""a few villages within Tanxizhen Township in western Luxi County \u7018\u6eaa\u7e23""}",,,bib1228,yes +1744-location-5,1744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Hunan, Luxi County""}",,"Earlier reported as still spoken in ten villages in eastern Luxi county, but recently found only in three: Boluozhai where all including children speak the language; Puzhu, where some children can speak; and Xiaqieji, where only adults can speak; in some of the other villages old people still know the language.",bib1214,no +1744-speaker_number-1,1744,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7973,no +1744-speakers-1,1744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7973,no 1744-speaker_number-2,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Brassett and Brassett 2005).,bib67,no 1744-speakers-2,1744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Brassett and Brassett 2005).,bib67,no -1744-speaker_number-3,1744,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1744-speakers-3,1744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1744-speaker_number-4,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1219,yes -1744-speakers-4,1744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000000 (people listed under the Tujia nationality)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1219,yes -1744-speaker_number-5,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -1744-speakers-5,1744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133 members of the Tujia nationality"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no +1744-speaker_number-3,1744,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1744-speakers-3,1744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1744-speaker_number-4,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1228,yes +1744-speakers-4,1744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000000 (people listed under the Tujia nationality)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1228,yes +1744-speaker_number-5,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +1744-speakers-5,1744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133 members of the Tujia nationality"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no 1744-speaker_number-6,1744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1744-speakers-6,1744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1744-LEI-1,1744,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7948,no -1744-vitality-1,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7948,no +1744-LEI-1,1744,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7973,no +1744-vitality-1,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7973,no 1744-LEI-2,1744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Decreasing. Monolingual speakers are mainly women, children, and older adults.",bib67,no 1744-vitality-2,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Decreasing. Monolingual speakers are mainly women, children, and older adults.",bib67,no -1744-LEI-3,1744,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1744-vitality-3,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1744-LEI-4,1744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1219,yes -1744-transmission-4,1744,transmission,4,transmission-4,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1219,yes -1744-domains_of_use-4,1744,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1219,yes -1744-speaker_number_trends-4,1744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1219,yes -1744-vitality-4,1744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1219,yes -1744-LEI-5,1744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -1744-transmission-5,1744,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1205,no -1744-speaker_number_trends-5,1744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -1744-vitality-5,1744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,no +1744-LEI-3,1744,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1744-vitality-3,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1744-LEI-4,1744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1228,yes +1744-transmission-4,1744,transmission,4,transmission-4,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1228,yes +1744-domains_of_use-4,1744,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1228,yes +1744-speaker_number_trends-4,1744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1228,yes +1744-vitality-4,1744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Tujia is being discarded simply because Chinese is more practical for everyday life.,bib1228,yes +1744-LEI-5,1744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +1744-transmission-5,1744,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1214,no +1744-speaker_number_trends-5,1744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +1744-vitality-5,1744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,no 1744-LEI-6,1744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1744-vitality-6,1744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1745-location-1,1745,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava Island, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib3720,no -1745-location-2,1745,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vetumboso, Wasava, Mwesen""]}",,,bib7426,yes +1745-location-1,1745,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava Island, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib3739,no +1745-location-2,1745,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vetumboso, Wasava, Mwesen""]}",,,bib7450,yes 1745-location-3,1745,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Group, Vanua Lava""}",,,bib67,no -1745-location-4,1745,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.874, 167.5415]]}",,,bib5307,no -1745-speaker_number-1,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3720,no -1745-speakers-1,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3720,no -1745-speaker_number-2,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7426,yes -1745-speakers-2,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7426,yes -1745-speaker_number-3,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 speakers of Vurës variety; 10 speakers of Mwesen variety.",bib2753,no -1745-speakers-3,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 speakers of Vurës variety; 10 speakers of Mwesen variety.",bib2753,no -1745-speaker_number-4,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10 speakers of Mwesen variety, 2,000 speakers of Vurës variety. ""Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.""",bib2751,no -1745-speakers-4,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10 speakers of Mwesen variety, 2,000 speakers of Vurës variety. ""Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.""",bib2751,no +1745-location-4,1745,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.874, 167.5415]]}",,,bib5330,no +1745-speaker_number-1,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3739,no +1745-speakers-1,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3739,no +1745-speaker_number-2,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7450,yes +1745-speakers-2,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7450,yes +1745-speaker_number-3,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 speakers of Vurës variety; 10 speakers of Mwesen variety.",bib2767,no +1745-speakers-3,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 speakers of Vurës variety; 10 speakers of Mwesen variety.",bib2767,no +1745-speaker_number-4,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10 speakers of Mwesen variety, 2,000 speakers of Vurës variety. ""Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.""",bib2765,no +1745-speakers-4,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10 speakers of Mwesen variety, 2,000 speakers of Vurës variety. ""Mwesen, with about 10 speakers, is giving way to the locally dominant language Vurës.""",bib2765,no 1745-speaker_number-5,1745,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 1745-speakers-5,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -1745-speaker_number-6,1745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1745-speakers-6,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1745-speaker_number-6,1745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1745-speakers-6,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1745-speaker_number-7,1745,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1745-speakers-7,1745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1745-LEI-1,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3720,no -1745-vitality-1,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3720,no -1745-LEI-2,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,yes -1745-vitality-2,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,yes -1745-LEI-3,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -1745-vitality-3,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no -1745-LEI-4,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2751,no -1745-vitality-4,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2751,no +1745-LEI-1,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3739,no +1745-vitality-1,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3739,no +1745-LEI-2,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,yes +1745-vitality-2,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,yes +1745-LEI-3,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +1745-vitality-3,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no +1745-LEI-4,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2765,no +1745-vitality-4,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2765,no 1745-LEI-5,1745,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1745-vitality-5,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1745-LEI-6,1745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1745-vitality-6,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1745-LEI-6,1745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1745-vitality-6,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1745-LEI-7,1745,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1745-vitality-7,1745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1747-context-1,1747,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meto, Indonesian/Kupang Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Multilingualism is common, partially due to intermarriage with other ethnicities.""}",,,bib2407,yes -1747-context-2,1747,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kupang Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1747-location-1,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Kupang, eastern Indonesia""]}",,,bib1174,no +1747-context-1,1747,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meto, Indonesian/Kupang Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Multilingualism is common, partially due to intermarriage with other ethnicities.""}",,,bib2420,yes +1747-context-2,1747,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kupang Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1747-location-1,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Kupang, eastern Indonesia""]}",,,bib1183,no 1747-location-2,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1747-location-3,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Helong is spoken in the southwestern part of Timor island and Semau island in Indonesia. The Funai variety is spoken in and around Kupang City, western Timor., particularly the villages of Besmarak, Oeletsala, and Kolhua The Semau variety is spoken on Semau island. The Bolok variety is spoken in and around the port of Bolok and nearby villages.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-10.1414, 123.2801], [-10.1029, 123.3652], [-10.0958, 123.2658]]}",,,bib2407,yes -1747-location-4,1747,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.1905, 123.5247]]}",,,bib5307,no -1747-location-5,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Timor Island""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southwestern tip of Timor Island near the port of Tenau, and in the majority of the villages on the nearby coast of Semau Island.""}",,,bib7938,no -1747-speaker_number-1,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1174,no -1747-speakers-1,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1174,no +1747-location-3,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Helong is spoken in the southwestern part of Timor island and Semau island in Indonesia. The Funai variety is spoken in and around Kupang City, western Timor., particularly the villages of Besmarak, Oeletsala, and Kolhua The Semau variety is spoken on Semau island. The Bolok variety is spoken in and around the port of Bolok and nearby villages.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-10.1414, 123.2801], [-10.1029, 123.3652], [-10.0958, 123.2658]]}",,,bib2420,yes +1747-location-4,1747,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.1905, 123.5247]]}",,,bib5330,no +1747-location-5,1747,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Timor Island""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southwestern tip of Timor Island near the port of Tenau, and in the majority of the villages on the nearby coast of Semau Island.""}",,,bib7963,no +1747-speaker_number-1,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1183,no +1747-speakers-1,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1183,no 1747-speaker_number-2,1747,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1747-speakers-2,1747,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 (Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1747-speaker_number-3,1747,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2407,yes -1747-speakers-3,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(Grimes et al., 1997)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2407,yes -1747-speaker_number-4,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1747-speakers-4,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1747-speaker_number-5,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1747-speakers-5,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1747-speaker_number-3,1747,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2420,yes +1747-speakers-3,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(Grimes et al., 1997)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2420,yes +1747-speaker_number-4,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1747-speakers-4,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1747-speaker_number-5,1747,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1747-speakers-5,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1747-speaker_number-6,1747,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1747-speakers-6,1747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1747-LEI-1,1747,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1174,no -1747-vitality-1,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1174,no +1747-LEI-1,1747,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1183,no +1747-vitality-1,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1183,no 1747-LEI-2,1747,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1747-vitality-2,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1747-LEI-3,1747,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2407,yes -1747-transmission-3,1747,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2407,yes -1747-domains_of_use-3,1747,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2407,yes -1747-speaker_number_trends-3,1747,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2407,yes -1747-vitality-3,1747,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2407,yes -1747-LEI-4,1747,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1747-vitality-4,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1747-LEI-5,1747,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1747-speaker_number_trends-5,1747,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1747-vitality-5,1747,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1747-LEI-3,1747,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2420,yes +1747-transmission-3,1747,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2420,yes +1747-domains_of_use-3,1747,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2420,yes +1747-speaker_number_trends-3,1747,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2420,yes +1747-vitality-3,1747,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Funai variety of Helong seems to be stably multilingual, but becoming endangered due to being a minority language in the region, frequent contact with speakers of other languages, and modern intermarriage. Adult speakers use the language with each other, and younger people tend to be fluently bilingual. The regional lingua franca, Meto, is losing ground to Indonesian/Kupang Malay. (Edwards, 2018)",bib2420,yes +1747-LEI-4,1747,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1747-vitality-4,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1747-LEI-5,1747,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1747-speaker_number_trends-5,1747,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1747-vitality-5,1747,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1747-LEI-6,1747,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1747-vitality-6,1747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1748-context-1,1748,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2476,no +1748-context-1,1748,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2489,no 1748-context-2,1748,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive.""}",,,bib70,no 1748-location-1,1748,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1748-location-2,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""northern Maine, several communities along the US-Canada border""}",,,bib2476,no +1748-location-2,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""northern Maine, several communities along the US-Canada border""}",,,bib2489,no 1748-location-3,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""New Brunswick, villages along Saint John River. Malecite mainly in Canada, Passamaquoddy in Maine, United States.""}",,,bib67,no 1748-location-4,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: New Brunswick province: Saint John river villages. US: Maine: Indian Township and Pleasant Point.",bib70,no -1748-location-5,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9572, -67.0496]]}",,,bib5307,no -1748-location-6,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the St. Croix and St. John River valleys along the border between the state of Maine and the Canadian province of New Brunswick.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1748-location-7,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9572, -67.0496], [46.8023, -67.6686]]}",,,bib1709,no -1748-speaker_number-1,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2476,no -1748-speakers-1,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2476,no +1748-location-5,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9572, -67.0496]]}",,,bib5330,no +1748-location-6,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the St. Croix and St. John River valleys along the border between the state of Maine and the Canadian province of New Brunswick.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1748-location-7,1748,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9572, -67.0496], [46.8023, -67.6686]]}",,,bib1721,no +1748-speaker_number-1,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2489,no +1748-speakers-1,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2489,no 1748-speaker_number-2,1748,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1100 in Canada"" (2001 census); ethnic population from SIL (1998).",bib67,no 1748-speakers-2,1748,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000-4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1100 in Canada"" (2001 census); ethnic population from SIL (1998).",bib67,no 1748-speaker_number-3,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Canada: 490 (2011 census), ethnic population 3000 (1998 SIL). US: 100 i(Golla 2007), ethnic population: 2500 (1997 K. Teeter).",bib70,no 1748-speakers-3,1748,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5500?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Canada: 490 (2011 census), ethnic population 3000 (1998 SIL). US: 100 i(Golla 2007), ethnic population: 2500 (1997 K. Teeter).",bib70,no -1748-speaker_number-4,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1748-speakers-4,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1748-speaker_number-5,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 500 first-language speakers. Most of those in Maine are members of the Passamaquoddy tribe, while in Canada they identify themselves as Maliseet, but dialect differences between the two groups are minimal. The principal communities in Maine are Pleasant Point and Indian Township, with fewer than 100 fluent speakers between them. In New Brunswick there are 355 first-language speakers at Tobique, Woodstock, Kingsclear, St. Mary’s, and Oromocto; another 40 live elsewhere in Canada. There are also some speakers of both dialects residing with the Penobscots of Indian Island, at Old Town, Maine, and in an urban community in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Nearly all speakers are middle aged, with the most fluent in their 60s and older.",bib5217,yes -1748-speakers-5,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 500 first-language speakers. Most of those in Maine are members of the Passamaquoddy tribe, while in Canada they identify themselves as Maliseet, but dialect differences between the two groups are minimal. The principal communities in Maine are Pleasant Point and Indian Township, with fewer than 100 fluent speakers between them. In New Brunswick there are 355 first-language speakers at Tobique, Woodstock, Kingsclear, St. Mary’s, and Oromocto; another 40 live elsewhere in Canada. There are also some speakers of both dialects residing with the Penobscots of Indian Island, at Old Town, Maine, and in an urban community in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Nearly all speakers are middle aged, with the most fluent in their 60s and older.",bib5217,yes +1748-speaker_number-4,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1748-speakers-4,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1748-speaker_number-5,1748,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are about 500 first-language speakers. Most of those in Maine are members of the Passamaquoddy tribe, while in Canada they identify themselves as Maliseet, but dialect differences between the two groups are minimal. The principal communities in Maine are Pleasant Point and Indian Township, with fewer than 100 fluent speakers between them. In New Brunswick there are 355 first-language speakers at Tobique, Woodstock, Kingsclear, St. Mary’s, and Oromocto; another 40 live elsewhere in Canada. There are also some speakers of both dialects residing with the Penobscots of Indian Island, at Old Town, Maine, and in an urban community in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Nearly all speakers are middle aged, with the most fluent in their 60s and older.",bib5240,yes +1748-speakers-5,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are about 500 first-language speakers. Most of those in Maine are members of the Passamaquoddy tribe, while in Canada they identify themselves as Maliseet, but dialect differences between the two groups are minimal. The principal communities in Maine are Pleasant Point and Indian Township, with fewer than 100 fluent speakers between them. In New Brunswick there are 355 first-language speakers at Tobique, Woodstock, Kingsclear, St. Mary’s, and Oromocto; another 40 live elsewhere in Canada. There are also some speakers of both dialects residing with the Penobscots of Indian Island, at Old Town, Maine, and in an urban community in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Nearly all speakers are middle aged, with the most fluent in their 60s and older.",bib5240,yes 1748-speaker_number-6,1748,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1748-speakers-6,1748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,655"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1748-LEI-1,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2476,no -1748-vitality-1,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2476,no +1748-LEI-1,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2489,no +1748-vitality-1,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2489,no 1748-LEI-2,1748,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1748-vitality-2,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1748-LEI-3,1748,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Middle-aged or elderly.,bib70,no 1748-transmission-3,1748,transmission,3,transmission-3,Middle-aged or elderly.,bib70,no 1748-speaker_number_trends-3,1748,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Middle-aged or elderly.,bib70,no 1748-vitality-3,1748,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Middle-aged or elderly.,bib70,no -1748-LEI-4,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1748-vitality-4,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1748-LEI-5,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1748-vitality-5,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1748-LEI-4,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1748-vitality-4,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1748-LEI-5,1748,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1748-vitality-5,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1748-LEI-6,1748,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1748-vitality-6,1748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1749-context-1,1749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7592,yes -1749-location-1,1749,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.1333, -97.35]]}",,,bib5307,no -1749-location-2,1749,location,"{""Places"": [""San Marcos Zacatepec, Oaxaca, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""southern Sierra Madre of Oaxaca""}",,,bib7592,yes -1749-location-3,1749,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Catarina Juquila and Santiago Yaitepec""], ""Description"": ""Mexico""}",,,bib1455,no +1749-context-1,1749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7617,yes +1749-location-1,1749,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.1333, -97.35]]}",,,bib5330,no +1749-location-2,1749,location,"{""Places"": [""San Marcos Zacatepec, Oaxaca, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""southern Sierra Madre of Oaxaca""}",,,bib7617,yes +1749-location-3,1749,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Catarina Juquila and Santiago Yaitepec""], ""Description"": ""Mexico""}",,,bib1467,no 1749-location-4,1749,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Oaxaca, San Marcos Zacatepec and Juquila villages.""}",,,bib67,no -1749-speaker_number-1,1749,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1749-speakers-1,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""453"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1749-speaker_number-2,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7592,yes -1749-speakers-2,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7592,yes -1749-speaker_number-3,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1455,no -1749-speakers-3,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1455,no +1749-speaker_number-1,1749,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1749-speakers-1,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""453"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1749-speaker_number-2,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7617,yes +1749-speakers-2,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7617,yes +1749-speaker_number-3,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1467,no +1749-speakers-3,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1467,no 1749-speaker_number-4,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1749-speakers-4,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1749-speaker_number-5,1749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data on speaker number (1990 census). Ethnologue has 6 Chatino languages; [ctz] is Zacatepec Chatino.,bib67,no 1749-speakers-5,1749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data on speaker number (1990 census). Ethnologue has 6 Chatino languages; [ctz] is Zacatepec Chatino.,bib67,no -1749-LEI-1,1749,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1749-vitality-1,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1749-LEI-2,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7592,yes -1749-vitality-2,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7592,yes -1749-LEI-3,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1455,no -1749-vitality-3,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1455,no +1749-LEI-1,1749,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1749-vitality-1,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1749-LEI-2,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7617,yes +1749-vitality-2,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7617,yes +1749-LEI-3,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1467,no +1749-vitality-3,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1467,no 1749-LEI-4,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1749-vitality-4,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1749-LEI-5,1749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1749-vitality-5,1749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1751-location-1,1751,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the \u00d6s River"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.734218, 83.82431]]}",,,bib3328,yes -1751-speaker_number-1,1751,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3328,yes -1751-speakers-1,1751,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3328,yes -1751-LEI-1,1751,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3328,yes -1751-vitality-1,1751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3328,yes -1752-context-2,1752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Oil companies, international tourism, missionaries, migration, and intermarriage with other indigenous groups and with mestizos have increased the presence of Spanish in the Ecuadorian Siona villages. These contribute to the critical state of the language. However, people have realized the seriousness of the situation and are developing revitalization policies. (Bruil, 2014)""}",,,bib1313,no -1752-context-3,1752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a sense of loss and a strong will to keep Bain Coca [snn] alive. (Langdon, 2021)""}",,,bib4505,no +1751-location-1,1751,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the \u00d6s River"", ""Coordinates"": [[57.734218, 83.82431]]}",,,bib3345,yes +1751-speaker_number-1,1751,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3345,yes +1751-speakers-1,1751,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3345,yes +1751-LEI-1,1751,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3345,yes +1751-vitality-1,1751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3345,yes +1752-context-2,1752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Oil companies, international tourism, missionaries, migration, and intermarriage with other indigenous groups and with mestizos have increased the presence of Spanish in the Ecuadorian Siona villages. These contribute to the critical state of the language. However, people have realized the seriousness of the situation and are developing revitalization policies. (Bruil, 2014)""}",,,bib1322,no +1752-context-3,1752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a sense of loss and a strong will to keep Bain Coca [snn] alive. (Langdon, 2021)""}",,,bib4526,no 1752-context-4,1752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Used as L2 by Cofán in Ecuador.,bib70,no 1752-location-1,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""7 Secoya communities in Peru, located in Torres Causana District (Maynas Province), and Putamayo & Teniente Manuel Clavero Districts (Putamayo Province). (INEI, 2017)""]}",,,bib187,no -1752-location-2,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Airo Pa\u0303i (Peruvian Secoya) speakers live in 9 villages of the Loreto region near the Colombian border: 7 along the Yubineto, Angusilla, and Yaricaya tributaries of the Putumayo River"", ""1 along the Santa Mari\u0301a tributary of the Napo River"", ""1 within Gu\u0308eppi-Sekime National Park (Vallejos, 2021)""]}",,,bib7521,no -1752-location-3,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Yubineto, Angusilla, Curuya, and Putumayo rivers, in the region of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1752-location-2,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Airo Pa\u0303i (Peruvian Secoya) speakers live in 9 villages of the Loreto region near the Colombian border: 7 along the Yubineto, Angusilla, and Yaricaya tributaries of the Putumayo River"", ""1 along the Santa Mari\u0301a tributary of the Napo River"", ""1 within Gu\u0308eppi-Sekime National Park (Vallejos, 2021)""]}",,,bib7546,no +1752-location-3,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Yubineto, Angusilla, Curuya, and Putumayo rivers, in the region of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1752-location-4,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador"", ""Colombia"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Siona: Both sides of Putumayo River, Colombia and Ecuador. Secoya: in Ecuador in Northeastern jungle, Aguarico, Cuyabeno, and Eno rivers, near Colombian border. Also in Peru.""}",,"Siona: Putumayo Department, along the Putumayo River and its tributaries, between Poñuna Blanca and Poñuna Negra, in the Resguardo Buenavista, as well as in El Tablero. Secoya: Northeastern jungle, Aguarico, Cuyabeno, and Eno rivers, near the Colombian border.",bib67,no -1752-location-5,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""6 communities in the Cuyabeno reserve and on the banks of the Aguarico, the Eno and the Aguas Negras""}",,,bib1314,no -1752-location-6,1752,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5712, -74.8828]]}",,,bib5307,no -1752-location-7,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) is spoken by the Bai (Siona) people who live in the Sucumbios Province in eastern Ecuador. The speakers live among six small villages (Puerto Boli\u0301var and Tarabe\u0308aya on the Cuyabeno Rivera"", ""and Sototsiaya, Orahue\u0308aya, Aboque\u0308huira, and Bi'an\u0303a on the Aguarico River), and in the provincial capital Lago Agrio. (Bruil, 2014)""]}",,,bib1313,no -1752-location-8,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Buenavista, Nuevo Amanecer, and Mocoa in Colombia"", ""unknown in Ecuador. (Langdon 2021)""]}",,,bib4505,no +1752-location-5,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""eastern Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""6 communities in the Cuyabeno reserve and on the banks of the Aguarico, the Eno and the Aguas Negras""}",,,bib1323,no +1752-location-6,1752,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5712, -74.8828]]}",,,bib5330,no +1752-location-7,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) is spoken by the Bai (Siona) people who live in the Sucumbios Province in eastern Ecuador. The speakers live among six small villages (Puerto Boli\u0301var and Tarabe\u0308aya on the Cuyabeno Rivera"", ""and Sototsiaya, Orahue\u0308aya, Aboque\u0308huira, and Bi'an\u0303a on the Aguarico River), and in the provincial capital Lago Agrio. (Bruil, 2014)""]}",,,bib1322,no +1752-location-8,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Buenavista, Nuevo Amanecer, and Mocoa in Colombia"", ""unknown in Ecuador. (Langdon 2021)""]}",,,bib4526,no 1752-location-9,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador, Peru""]}",,,bib233,no 1752-location-10,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Siona [snn]: In Colombia: Putumayo department: El Tablero and Resguardo Buenavista, between Po\u00f1una Blanca and Po\u00f1una Negra on Putumayo River and tributaries. In Ecuador: Sucumb\u00edos province: Bia\u00f1a, Puerto Bol\u00edvar and Orawaya communities; Putamayo River south bank.\nSecoya [sey]: In Ecuador: Sucumb\u00edos province: Cuyabeno canton; Aguarico, Cuyabeno, and Eno rivers, near Colombian border. In Peru: Loreto region: Boca de Angusilla and Santa Marta, a small river off Napo River near Ecuador border.""}",,,bib70,no -1752-location-11,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1752-location-11,1752,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1752-speaker_number-1,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib187,no 1752-speakers-1,1752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""638"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib187,no -1752-speaker_number-2,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"638 Airo Pãi (Peruvian Secoya) speakers out of an ethnic population of 700 in Peru; unknown number of Secoya speakers out of an ethnic population of 300 who migrated to Ecuador between 1941-1973. (Vallejos, 2021)",bib7521,no -1752-speakers-2,1752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""638"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"638 Airo Pãi (Peruvian Secoya) speakers out of an ethnic population of 700 in Peru; unknown number of Secoya speakers out of an ethnic population of 300 who migrated to Ecuador between 1941-1973. (Vallejos, 2021)",bib7521,no +1752-speaker_number-2,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"638 Airo Pãi (Peruvian Secoya) speakers out of an ethnic population of 700 in Peru; unknown number of Secoya speakers out of an ethnic population of 300 who migrated to Ecuador between 1941-1973. (Vallejos, 2021)",bib7546,no +1752-speakers-2,1752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""638"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"638 Airo Pãi (Peruvian Secoya) speakers out of an ethnic population of 700 in Peru; unknown number of Secoya speakers out of an ethnic population of 300 who migrated to Ecuador between 1941-1973. (Vallejos, 2021)",bib7546,no 1752-speaker_number-3,1752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue distinguishes Secoya [sey], Siona [snn], and Macaguaje [mcl]. Others consider these variants of a single language. Siona: 550 speakers (1982), 737 population. Secoya: 690.",bib67,no 1752-speakers-3,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982 Siona"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes Secoya [sey], Siona [snn], and Macaguaje [mcl]. Others consider these variants of a single language. Siona: 550 speakers (1982), 737 population. Secoya: 690.",bib67,no -1752-speaker_number-4,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Less than 200 (Ecuadorian Siona),bib1314,no -1752-speakers-4,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Less than 200 (Ecuadorian Siona),bib1314,no -1752-speaker_number-5,1752,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"An estimated 20-25 fluent Bain Coca [snn] speakers in Colombia; an unknown number in Ecuador. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no -1752-speakers-5,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""25""}",,"An estimated 20-25 fluent Bain Coca [snn] speakers in Colombia; an unknown number in Ecuador. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no +1752-speaker_number-4,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Less than 200 (Ecuadorian Siona),bib1323,no +1752-speakers-4,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Less than 200 (Ecuadorian Siona),bib1323,no +1752-speaker_number-5,1752,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"An estimated 20-25 fluent Bain Coca [snn] speakers in Colombia; an unknown number in Ecuador. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no +1752-speakers-5,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""25""}",,"An estimated 20-25 fluent Bain Coca [snn] speakers in Colombia; an unknown number in Ecuador. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no 1752-speaker_number-6,1752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"As Ethnologue, WOLP distinguishes Siona and Secoya where others consider them variants of a single language. Siona 550. Secoya 434.",bib233,no 1752-speakers-6,1752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""934"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"As Ethnologue, WOLP distinguishes Siona and Secoya where others consider them variants of a single language. @@ -14662,106 +14724,106 @@ Secoya [sey]: 490 in Ecuador (2012); 680 in Peru (2007); ethnic population 680 ( 1752-speaker_number-8,1752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Crevels separates Siona from Secoya: Secoya: 414 speakers, 569 population. Siona: 760 speakers, 1,038 population. -Colombia: Siona 500 speakers, 734 populations. Ecuador: Secoya 85 speakers, 240 population; Siona 260 speakers, 304 population. Peru: Secoya 329 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +Colombia: Siona 500 speakers, 734 populations. Ecuador: Secoya 85 speakers, 240 population; Siona 260 speakers, 304 population. Peru: Secoya 329 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 1752-speakers-8,1752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,607"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,174"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Peru 1993 for Secoya; Ecuador 2003 speakers, 2001 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Crevels separates Siona from Secoya: Secoya: 414 speakers, 569 population. Siona: 760 speakers, 1,038 population. -Colombia: Siona 500 speakers, 734 populations. Ecuador: Secoya 85 speakers, 240 population; Siona 260 speakers, 304 population. Peru: Secoya 329 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +Colombia: Siona 500 speakers, 734 populations. Ecuador: Secoya 85 speakers, 240 population; Siona 260 speakers, 304 population. Peru: Secoya 329 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 1752-LEI-1,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib187,no 1752-vitality-1,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib187,no -1752-LEI-2,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7521,no -1752-vitality-2,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7521,no +1752-LEI-2,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7546,no +1752-vitality-2,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7546,no 1752-LEI-3,1752,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1752-vitality-3,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1752-LEI-4,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1314,no -1752-vitality-4,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1314,no -1752-LEI-5,1752,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1313,no -1752-transmission-5,1752,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1313,no -1752-domains_of_use-5,1752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1313,no -1752-speaker_number_trends-5,1752,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1313,no -1752-vitality-5,1752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1313,no -1752-LEI-6,1752,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no -1752-transmission-6,1752,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no -1752-domains_of_use-6,1752,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no -1752-vitality-6,1752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4505,no +1752-LEI-4,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1323,no +1752-vitality-4,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1323,no +1752-LEI-5,1752,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1322,no +1752-transmission-5,1752,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1322,no +1752-domains_of_use-5,1752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1322,no +1752-speaker_number_trends-5,1752,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1322,no +1752-vitality-5,1752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Transmission varies by community. In Sototsiaya, almost all children acquire Baicoca (Ecuadorian Siona) as their first language, then acquire Spanish in school and use that in public. In Puerto Bolívar, most children acquire Spanish at home, and only a few are raised in Baicoca. In Tarabëaya, only people above fifty years old still speak Baicoca. (Bruil, 2014)",bib1322,no +1752-LEI-6,1752,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no +1752-transmission-6,1752,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no +1752-domains_of_use-6,1752,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no +1752-vitality-6,1752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Bain Coca [snn] used in rituals by elders, and in songs by some in the community who have passive understanding. (Langdon, 2021)",bib4526,no 1752-LEI-7,1752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1752-vitality-7,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1752-LEI-8,1752,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1752-vitality-8,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1753-context-1,1753,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Government Support"": ""1998 Noumea Accords officialy recognized Caac as a language of culture and education"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Kanak peoples are typically multilingual. Mwelebeng adults often downplay their own language proficiency and disregard the way the youth speak the language. French, the lingua franca, is given precedence in education, work, media, public services, and more.""}",,"Children who attend school in the south speak French more easily than Caac. Children attending school in Pouebo in the 1980s-90s were able to study Caac in classes, but no longer.",bib1553,yes +1752-LEI-8,1752,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1752-vitality-8,1752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1753-context-1,1753,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Government Support"": ""1998 Noumea Accords officialy recognized Caac as a language of culture and education"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Kanak peoples are typically multilingual. Mwelebeng adults often downplay their own language proficiency and disregard the way the youth speak the language. French, the lingua franca, is given precedence in education, work, media, public services, and more.""}",,"Children who attend school in the south speak French more easily than Caac. Children attending school in Pouebo in the 1980s-90s were able to study Caac in classes, but no longer.",bib1565,yes 1753-location-1,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,no -1753-location-2,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""Hoot ma Waap, northern New Caledonia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.5, 165.5]]}",,,bib1554,no +1753-location-2,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""Hoot ma Waap, northern New Caledonia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.5, 165.5]]}",,,bib1566,no 1753-location-3,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Pou\u00e9bo: Saint Adolphe, Saint DenisPou\u00e9bo, Saint Gabriel, Saint Ferdinand, Saint Joseph, Saint Louis, and Sainte Marie."", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.396645, 164.567986]]}",,,bib20,no -1753-location-4,1753,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.3883, 164.5614]]}",,,bib5307,no -1753-location-5,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""Most Caac speakers live in Pweevo (Puebo) and Noumea, in the customary area of Hoot ma Waap, on the northeastern coast of New Caledonia. This area corresponds with the old Mwelebeng chiefdom.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.225, 164.3545]]}",,,bib1553,yes +1753-location-4,1753,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.3883, 164.5614]]}",,,bib5330,no +1753-location-5,1753,location,"{""Places"": [""Most Caac speakers live in Pweevo (Puebo) and Noumea, in the customary area of Hoot ma Waap, on the northeastern coast of New Caledonia. This area corresponds with the old Mwelebeng chiefdom.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.225, 164.3545]]}",,,bib1565,yes 1753-speaker_number-1,1753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 1753-speakers-1,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no -1753-speaker_number-2,1753,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1554,no -1753-speakers-2,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1554,no +1753-speaker_number-2,1753,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1566,no +1753-speakers-2,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1566,no 1753-speaker_number-3,1753,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 1753-speakers-3,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,165"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -1753-speaker_number-4,1753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1753-speakers-4,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1753-speaker_number-5,1753,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1553,yes -1753-speakers-5,1753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""99,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,215"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(INSEE, 2009), (Rivierre, 2003)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1553,yes +1753-speaker_number-4,1753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1753-speakers-4,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1753-speaker_number-5,1753,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1565,yes +1753-speakers-5,1753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""99,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,215"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(INSEE, 2009), (Rivierre, 2003)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1565,yes 1753-speaker_number-6,1753,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1753-speakers-6,1753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1753-LEI-1,1753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1753-vitality-1,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1753-LEI-2,1753,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1554,no -1753-vitality-2,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1554,no +1753-LEI-2,1753,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1566,no +1753-vitality-2,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1566,no 1753-LEI-3,1753,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 1753-vitality-3,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -1753-LEI-4,1753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1753-vitality-4,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1753-LEI-5,1753,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1553,yes -1753-transmission-5,1753,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1553,yes -1753-domains_of_use-5,1753,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1553,yes -1753-speaker_number_trends-5,1753,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1553,yes -1753-vitality-5,1753,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1553,yes +1753-LEI-4,1753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1753-vitality-4,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1753-LEI-5,1753,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1565,yes +1753-transmission-5,1753,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1565,yes +1753-domains_of_use-5,1753,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1565,yes +1753-speaker_number_trends-5,1753,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1565,yes +1753-vitality-5,1753,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Caac has very little representation in media and education. Caac is generally used in traditional and social contexts and within families. Some young Mwelebeng people only have passive knowledge of Caac, due to most adults downplaying their own ability to speak it and devaluing the way youth speak it.",bib1565,yes 1753-LEI-6,1753,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1753-vitality-6,1753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1754-location-1,1754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.8333333333, -16.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1754-location-2,1754,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,no -1754-location-3,1754,location,"{""Places"": [""Thi\u00e8s region of Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[14.8, -16.933]]}",,,bib7701,no -1754-location-4,1754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.8173, -16.5234]]}",,,bib5307,no +1754-location-3,1754,location,"{""Places"": [""Thi\u00e8s region of Senegal""], ""Coordinates"": [[14.8, -16.933]]}",,,bib7726,no +1754-location-4,1754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.8173, -16.5234]]}",,,bib5330,no 1754-speaker_number-1,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1754-speakers-1,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1754-speaker_number-3,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1754-speakers-3,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1754-speaker_number-3,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1754-speakers-3,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1754-speaker_number-4,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1754-speakers-4,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,825"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1754-speaker_number-5,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -1754-speakers-5,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +1754-speaker_number-5,1754,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +1754-speakers-5,1754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 1754-LEI-1,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1754-vitality-1,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1754-LEI-2,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1754-vitality-2,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1754-LEI-2,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1754-vitality-2,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1754-LEI-3,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1754-vitality-3,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1754-LEI-4,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -1754-vitality-4,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -1755-context-1,1755,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6487,no -1755-context-2,1755,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Today, English is the dominant language in all communities, and probably also at the individual level for the vast majority of Michif speakers.",bib671,yes +1754-LEI-4,1754,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +1754-vitality-4,1754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +1755-context-1,1755,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6511,no +1755-context-2,1755,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Today, English is the dominant language in all communities, and probably also at the individual level for the vast majority of Michif speakers.",bib675,yes 1755-location-1,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.0, -100.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1755-location-2,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Turtle Mountain Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no 1755-location-3,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Manitoba province: scattered, a short distance from the United States border. US: North Dakota: Turtle Mountain Reservation.",bib70,no -1755-location-4,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan in Canada; North Dakota, Montana in USA""}",,,bib6487,no -1755-location-5,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, Montana""}",,,bib671,yes -1755-location-6,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Several hundred thousand M\u00e9tis live in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and North Dakota, and Cree,\nOjibwe, French, and more recently English have been widely spoken in M\u00e9tis communities, which have typically been multilingual.""}",,,bib5217,no +1755-location-4,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan in Canada; North Dakota, Montana in USA""}",,,bib6511,no +1755-location-5,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba, Saskatchewan, North Dakota, Montana""}",,,bib675,yes +1755-location-6,1755,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Several hundred thousand M\u00e9tis live in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and North Dakota, and Cree,\nOjibwe, French, and more recently English have been widely spoken in M\u00e9tis communities, which have typically been multilingual.""}",,,bib5240,no 1755-speaker_number-1,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,230 in United States (2000 census).,bib67,no 1755-speakers-1,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,230 in United States (2000 census).,bib67,no 1755-speaker_number-2,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"US: 75 (2010 census). Canada: 650 (2011 census).",bib70,no 1755-speakers-2,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""725"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (US), 2011 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"US: 75 (2010 census). Canada: 650 (2011 census).",bib70,no -1755-speaker_number-3,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6487,no -1755-speakers-3,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6487,no -1755-speaker_number-4,1755,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of people who have knowledge of the language as they learned it in their youth is probably somewhere between 200 and 2,000.",bib671,yes -1755-speakers-4,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of people who have knowledge of the language as they learned it in their youth is probably somewhere between 200 and 2,000.",bib671,yes -1755-speaker_number-5,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Scattered as they are, it is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200. Nearly all are over 70 years old.",bib5217,no -1755-speakers-5,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""Nearly all over 70 years old.""}",,"Scattered as they are, it is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200. Nearly all are over 70 years old.",bib5217,no +1755-speaker_number-3,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6511,no +1755-speakers-3,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6511,no +1755-speaker_number-4,1755,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of people who have knowledge of the language as they learned it in their youth is probably somewhere between 200 and 2,000.",bib675,yes +1755-speakers-4,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of people who have knowledge of the language as they learned it in their youth is probably somewhere between 200 and 2,000.",bib675,yes +1755-speaker_number-5,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Scattered as they are, it is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200. Nearly all are over 70 years old.",bib5240,no +1755-speakers-5,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""Nearly all over 70 years old.""}",,"Scattered as they are, it is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200. Nearly all are over 70 years old.",bib5240,no 1755-speaker_number-6,1755,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1755-speakers-6,1755,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1755-LEI-1,1755,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no @@ -14770,314 +14832,314 @@ Canada: 650 (2011 census).",bib70,no 1755-transmission-2,1755,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 70 and older.,bib70,no 1755-speaker_number_trends-2,1755,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 70 and older.,bib70,no 1755-vitality-2,1755,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 70 and older.,bib70,no -1755-LEI-3,1755,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6487,no -1755-vitality-3,1755,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6487,no -1755-LEI-4,1755,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib671,yes -1755-transmission-4,1755,transmission,5,transmission-5,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib671,yes -1755-speaker_number_trends-4,1755,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib671,yes -1755-vitality-4,1755,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib671,yes -1755-LEI-5,1755,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5217,no -1755-transmission-5,1755,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5217,no -1755-speaker_number_trends-5,1755,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5217,no -1755-vitality-5,1755,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5217,no +1755-LEI-3,1755,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6511,no +1755-vitality-3,1755,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6511,no +1755-LEI-4,1755,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib675,yes +1755-transmission-4,1755,transmission,5,transmission-5,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib675,yes +1755-speaker_number_trends-4,1755,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib675,yes +1755-vitality-4,1755,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"No parents speak the language to their young children, but some grandparents use it with their grandchildren.",bib675,yes +1755-LEI-5,1755,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5240,no +1755-transmission-5,1755,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5240,no +1755-speaker_number_trends-5,1755,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5240,no +1755-vitality-5,1755,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is difficult to estimate the current number of speakers, but it is probably around 200, nearly all over 70 years old.",bib5240,no 1755-LEI-6,1755,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1755-vitality-6,1755,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1757-context-1,1757,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Babatana""}",,,bib7938,no -1757-location-1,1757,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.91, 156.9671]]}",,,bib5307,no -1757-location-2,1757,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib5736,yes -1757-location-3,1757,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northern third of the northeastern coast of central Choiseul Island""}",,,bib7938,no +1757-context-1,1757,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Babatana""}",,,bib7963,no +1757-location-1,1757,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.91, 156.9671]]}",,,bib5330,no +1757-location-2,1757,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib5760,yes +1757-location-3,1757,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northern third of the northeastern coast of central Choiseul Island""}",,,bib7963,no 1757-location-4,1757,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -1757-speaker_number-1,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1757-speakers-1,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1757-speaker_number-2,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5736,yes -1757-speakers-2,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""79"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5736,yes -1757-speaker_number-3,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -1757-speakers-3,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +1757-speaker_number-1,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1757-speakers-1,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1757-speaker_number-2,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5760,yes +1757-speakers-2,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""79"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5760,yes +1757-speaker_number-3,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +1757-speakers-3,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 1757-speaker_number-4,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1757-speakers-4,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""79"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1757-speaker_number-5,1757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 1757-speakers-5,1757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""79"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no -1757-LEI-1,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1757-vitality-1,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1757-LEI-2,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5736,yes -1757-vitality-2,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5736,yes -1757-LEI-3,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers shifting to Babatana,bib7938,no -1757-vitality-3,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers shifting to Babatana,bib7938,no +1757-LEI-1,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1757-vitality-1,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1757-LEI-2,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5760,yes +1757-vitality-2,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5760,yes +1757-LEI-3,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers shifting to Babatana,bib7963,no +1757-vitality-3,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers shifting to Babatana,bib7963,no 1757-LEI-4,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1757-vitality-4,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1757-LEI-5,1757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1757-vitality-5,1757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1758-context-1,1758,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"[Papapana is used] around the villages among Papapana speakers, or between Papapana speakers if they are out and about. In church very occasionally there are songs in Papapana. At school in year 1 only, Papapana is taught like a L2 (second language) for an hour a day. Sometimes also used for numbers and objects in maths or science classes in year 1.",bib6910,yes +1758-context-1,1758,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"[Papapana is used] around the villages among Papapana speakers, or between Papapana speakers if they are out and about. In church very occasionally there are songs in Papapana. At school in year 1 only, Papapana is taught like a L2 (second language) for an hour a day. Sometimes also used for numbers and objects in maths or science classes in year 1.",bib6934,yes 1758-location-1,1758,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -1758-location-2,1758,location,"{""Places"": [""Bougainville, Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib5736,no -1758-location-3,1758,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8974, 155.2505]]}",,,bib5307,no -1758-location-4,1758,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""North Solomons Province. Spoken on the northern part of the east coast of Bougainville Island.""}",,,bib7937,no +1758-location-2,1758,location,"{""Places"": [""Bougainville, Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib5760,no +1758-location-3,1758,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8974, 155.2505]]}",,,bib5330,no +1758-location-4,1758,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""North Solomons Province. Spoken on the northern part of the east coast of Bougainville Island.""}",,,bib7962,no 1758-speaker_number-1,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1758-speakers-1,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1758-speaker_number-2,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5736,no -1758-speakers-2,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5736,no -1758-speaker_number-3,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1758-speakers-3,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1758-speaker_number-2,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5760,no +1758-speakers-2,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5760,no +1758-speaker_number-3,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1758-speakers-3,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1758-speaker_number-4,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1758-speakers-4,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1758-speaker_number-5,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2013: 106 L1 (first-language) or fluent speakers; 55 L2 (second-language) or 'semi' speakers; 136 people who had some passive understanding of Papapana. Of the L2 speakers, 8 are children under 20, 46 are young adults between 20 and 40, and 1 is an older adult in their 40s. Of the passive speakers, 55 are children under 20, 78 are young adults 20-40, and 1 is an older adult in their 60s.",bib6910,yes -1758-speakers-5,1758,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""64"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""510"", ""Young Adults"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""136"", ""Elders"": ""13"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""55""}",,"In 2013: 106 L1 (first-language) or fluent speakers; 55 L2 (second-language) or 'semi' speakers; 136 people who had some passive understanding of Papapana. Of the L2 speakers, 8 are children under 20, 46 are young adults between 20 and 40, and 1 is an older adult in their 40s. Of the passive speakers, 55 are children under 20, 78 are young adults 20-40, and 1 is an older adult in their 60s.",bib6910,yes -1758-speaker_number-6,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -1758-speakers-6,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no +1758-speaker_number-5,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2013: 106 L1 (first-language) or fluent speakers; 55 L2 (second-language) or 'semi' speakers; 136 people who had some passive understanding of Papapana. Of the L2 speakers, 8 are children under 20, 46 are young adults between 20 and 40, and 1 is an older adult in their 40s. Of the passive speakers, 55 are children under 20, 78 are young adults 20-40, and 1 is an older adult in their 60s.",bib6934,yes +1758-speakers-5,1758,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""64"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""510"", ""Young Adults"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""136"", ""Elders"": ""13"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""55""}",,"In 2013: 106 L1 (first-language) or fluent speakers; 55 L2 (second-language) or 'semi' speakers; 136 people who had some passive understanding of Papapana. Of the L2 speakers, 8 are children under 20, 46 are young adults between 20 and 40, and 1 is an older adult in their 40s. Of the passive speakers, 55 are children under 20, 78 are young adults 20-40, and 1 is an older adult in their 60s.",bib6934,yes +1758-speaker_number-6,1758,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +1758-speakers-6,1758,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no 1758-LEI-1,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1758-vitality-1,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1758-LEI-2,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5736,no -1758-vitality-2,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5736,no -1758-LEI-3,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1758-vitality-3,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1758-LEI-2,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5760,no +1758-vitality-2,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5760,no +1758-LEI-3,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1758-vitality-3,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1758-LEI-4,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1758-vitality-4,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1758-LEI-5,1758,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6910,yes -1758-transmission-5,1758,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6910,yes -1758-domains_of_use-5,1758,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6910,yes -1758-speaker_number_trends-5,1758,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6910,yes -1758-vitality-5,1758,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6910,yes -1758-LEI-6,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is under pressure from large related languages such as Vasui (or Tinputz) and of Tok Pisin.,bib7937,no -1758-vitality-6,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is under pressure from large related languages such as Vasui (or Tinputz) and of Tok Pisin.,bib7937,no -1759-context-1,1759,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Babar, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1759-location-1,1759,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0374, 129.7375]]}",,,bib5307,no -1759-location-2,1759,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on southwest Babar Island in South Maluku, northeast from the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1758-LEI-5,1758,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6934,yes +1758-transmission-5,1758,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6934,yes +1758-domains_of_use-5,1758,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6934,yes +1758-speaker_number_trends-5,1758,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6934,yes +1758-vitality-5,1758,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Papapana is listed as having 100 speakers in 1963 (Oliver 1973: 188), 150 speakers in 1977 (Wurm 2012) and more recently 120 speakers (Lewis et al. 2014). I am not sure how accurate these figures are and whether they were taken from just one Papapana-speaking village, or from all the villages. Without accurate figures I cannot say whether there has been a decline or at what pace. Certainly from what community members tell me, the villages used to have larger populations and there used to be much less intermarriage, so presumably speaker numbers have decreased a lot. Papapana has always been a small minority language though compared with other languages in the area. Intergenerational transmission has ceased (except for one family where the two children speak Papapana as L1) so unless that changes, I would say speaker numbers will decline steadily over the next fifty years as the current adult population dies. Only one couple make a concerted effort to speak and teach Papapana to their two boys. Some parents might try to transmit but children respond in Tok Pisin.",bib6934,yes +1758-LEI-6,1758,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is under pressure from large related languages such as Vasui (or Tinputz) and of Tok Pisin.,bib7962,no +1758-vitality-6,1758,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is under pressure from large related languages such as Vasui (or Tinputz) and of Tok Pisin.,bib7962,no +1759-context-1,1759,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Babar, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1759-location-1,1759,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0374, 129.7375]]}",,,bib5330,no +1759-location-2,1759,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on southwest Babar Island in South Maluku, northeast from the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1759-location-3,1759,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1759-speaker_number-1,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1759-speakers-1,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1759-speaker_number-2,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1759-speakers-2,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1759-speaker_number-1,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1759-speakers-1,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1759-speaker_number-2,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1759-speakers-2,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1759-speaker_number-3,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1759-speakers-3,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1759-speaker_number-4,1759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1759-speakers-4,1759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1759-LEI-1,1759,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1759-vitality-1,1759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1759-LEI-2,1759,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1759-speaker_number_trends-2,1759,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -1759-vitality-2,1759,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1759-LEI-1,1759,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1759-vitality-1,1759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1759-LEI-2,1759,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1759-speaker_number_trends-2,1759,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +1759-vitality-2,1759,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1759-LEI-3,1759,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1759-vitality-3,1759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1759-LEI-4,1759,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1759-vitality-4,1759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1760-context-1,1760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sumatran Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1760-location-1,1760,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.4191, 102.2717]]}",,,bib5307,no +1760-context-1,1760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sumatran Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1760-location-1,1760,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.4191, 102.2717]]}",,,bib5330,no 1760-location-2,1760,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.41666666667, 102.25]]}",,,bib216,no -1760-location-3,1760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: West Sumatra Province""], ""Description"": ""Enggano Island, southwest of Sumatra and on four smaller nearby islands.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1760-location-3,1760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: West Sumatra Province""], ""Description"": ""Enggano Island, southwest of Sumatra and on four smaller nearby islands.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1760-location-4,1760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1760-speaker_number-1,1760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1760-speakers-1,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1760-speaker_number-2,1760,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -1760-speakers-2,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1760-speaker_number-1,1760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1760-speakers-1,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1760-speaker_number-2,1760,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +1760-speakers-2,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1760-speaker_number-3,1760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1760-speakers-3,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1760-speakers-4,1760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (census)""}",,decreasing,bib67,no -1760-LEI-1,1760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1760-vitality-1,1760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1760-LEI-2,1760,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1760-speaker_number_trends-2,1760,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -1760-vitality-2,1760,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1760-LEI-1,1760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1760-vitality-1,1760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1760-LEI-2,1760,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1760-speaker_number_trends-2,1760,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +1760-vitality-2,1760,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1760-LEI-3,1760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1760-vitality-3,1760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1761-context-1,1761,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""West Bomberai Baham, Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many, especially children.""}",,,bib7938,yes -1761-location-1,1761,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8113, 132.6708]]}",,,bib5307,no -1761-location-2,1761,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Northwest coast of Bomberai Peninsula""}",,,bib7938,yes +1761-context-1,1761,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""West Bomberai Baham, Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many, especially children.""}",,,bib7963,yes +1761-location-1,1761,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8113, 132.6708]]}",,,bib5330,no +1761-location-2,1761,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Northwest coast of Bomberai Peninsula""}",,,bib7963,yes 1761-location-3,1761,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1761-speaker_number-1,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1761-speakers-1,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1761-speaker_number-2,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There has been no recent work on this language. Speaker numbers given here are quite dated.,bib7938,yes -1761-speakers-2,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There has been no recent work on this language. Speaker numbers given here are quite dated.,bib7938,yes +1761-speaker_number-1,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1761-speakers-1,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1761-speaker_number-2,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There has been no recent work on this language. Speaker numbers given here are quite dated.,bib7963,yes +1761-speakers-2,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There has been no recent work on this language. Speaker numbers given here are quite dated.,bib7963,yes 1761-speaker_number-3,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1761-speakers-3,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1761-speaker_number-4,1761,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1761-speakers-4,1761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Wurm)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1761-LEI-1,1761,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1761-vitality-1,1761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1761-LEI-2,1761,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1761-transmission-2,1761,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,yes -1761-speaker_number_trends-2,1761,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -1761-vitality-2,1761,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +1761-LEI-1,1761,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1761-vitality-1,1761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1761-LEI-2,1761,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1761-transmission-2,1761,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,yes +1761-speaker_number_trends-2,1761,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +1761-vitality-2,1761,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 1761-LEI-3,1761,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1761-vitality-3,1761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1761-LEI-4,1761,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1761-vitality-4,1761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1762-context-1,1762,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Spoken by four nomadic groups, though children tend to prefer Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -1762-location-1,1762,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1, 136.8]]}",,,bib5307,no -1762-location-2,1762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken west of the confluence of the Tariku (Dou) and Muyabu (Fou) rivers in the western central part of the main bulk of Irian Jaya [Indonesian Papua]. Lingua franca of the Western Lakes Plain.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1762-context-1,1762,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Spoken by four nomadic groups, though children tend to prefer Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +1762-location-1,1762,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1, 136.8]]}",,,bib5330,no +1762-location-2,1762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken west of the confluence of the Tariku (Dou) and Muyabu (Fou) rivers in the western central part of the main bulk of Irian Jaya [Indonesian Papua]. Lingua franca of the Western Lakes Plain.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1762-location-3,1762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1762-speaker_number-1,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1762-speakers-1,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1762-speaker_number-2,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1762-speakers-2,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1762-speaker_number-1,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1762-speakers-1,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1762-speaker_number-2,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1762-speakers-2,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1762-speaker_number-3,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1762-speakers-3,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1762-speaker_number-4,1762,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1762-speakers-4,1762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Wurm)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1762-LEI-1,1762,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1762-vitality-1,1762,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1762-LEI-2,1762,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1762-transmission-2,1762,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7938,yes -1762-speaker_number_trends-2,1762,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -1762-vitality-2,1762,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +1762-LEI-1,1762,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1762-vitality-1,1762,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1762-LEI-2,1762,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1762-transmission-2,1762,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7963,yes +1762-speaker_number_trends-2,1762,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +1762-vitality-2,1762,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 1762-LEI-3,1762,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1762-vitality-3,1762,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1762-LEI-4,1762,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1762-vitality-4,1762,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1763-context-1,1763,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mander""}",,,bib7938,yes -1763-location-1,1763,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the upper Bu River, in the upper Tor River area, inland from the central north coast area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.92, 138.89]]}",,,bib7938,yes +1763-context-1,1763,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mander""}",,,bib7963,yes +1763-location-1,1763,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the upper Bu River, in the upper Tor River area, inland from the central north coast area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.92, 138.89]]}",,,bib7963,yes 1763-location-2,1763,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1763-speaker_number-1,1763,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1763-speakers-1,1763,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1763-speaker_number-2,1763,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,yes -1763-speakers-2,1763,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,yes +1763-speaker_number-2,1763,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,yes +1763-speakers-2,1763,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,yes 1763-speaker_number-3,1763,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(Clouse, Ma, and Donohue 2002)",bib67,no 1763-speakers-3,1763,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(Clouse, Ma, and Donohue 2002)",bib67,no 1763-LEI-1,1763,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1763-vitality-1,1763,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1763-LEI-2,1763,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7938,yes -1763-speaker_number_trends-2,1763,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7938,yes -1763-vitality-2,1763,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7938,yes +1763-LEI-2,1763,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7963,yes +1763-speaker_number_trends-2,1763,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7963,yes +1763-vitality-2,1763,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Speakers are shifting to the neighbouring Mander language, which also has few native speakers. The number of Foya speakers is likely to be considerably less than fifty. It has been seriously endangered before, but is now more likely to be moribund.",bib7963,yes 1763-LEI-3,1763,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1763-vitality-3,1763,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1764-context-1,1764,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Mining operations started in the lan- guage area which led to more schooling of the children and increasing use of Indo- nesian and bilingualism in it.,bib7938,no -1764-location-1,1764,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.1922, 129.5397]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1764-location-2,1764,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Gebe Island and the two nearby smaller islands of Yu (or Yoi\u2019umiyal) and Gag, lying between South Halmahera and Waigeo Island (which belongs to Irian Jaya).""}",,,bib7938,no +1764-context-1,1764,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Mining operations started in the lan- guage area which led to more schooling of the children and increasing use of Indo- nesian and bilingualism in it.,bib7963,no +1764-location-1,1764,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.1922, 129.5397]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1764-location-2,1764,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Gebe Island and the two nearby smaller islands of Yu (or Yoi\u2019umiyal) and Gag, lying between South Halmahera and Waigeo Island (which belongs to Irian Jaya).""}",,,bib7963,no 1764-location-3,1764,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1764-speaker_number-1,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1764-speakers-1,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1764-speaker_number-2,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1764-speakers-2,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1764-speaker_number-1,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1764-speakers-1,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1764-speaker_number-2,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1764-speakers-2,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1764-speaker_number-3,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1764-speakers-3,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1764-speaker_number-4,1764,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1764-speakers-4,1764,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1764-LEI-1,1764,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1764-vitality-1,1764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1764-LEI-2,1764,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1764-speaker_number_trends-2,1764,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1764-vitality-2,1764,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1764-LEI-1,1764,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1764-vitality-1,1764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1764-LEI-2,1764,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1764-speaker_number_trends-2,1764,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1764-vitality-2,1764,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1764-LEI-3,1764,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1764-vitality-3,1764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1764-LEI-4,1764,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1764-vitality-4,1764,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1765-context-1,1765,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ternate, Malay, Indonesian""}",,"Malayo-Polynesian creole, with a mixed vocabulary which also contains words from Malay, Indonesian and from the large West Papuan, North Halmahera lingua franca Ternate; under strong pressure from the languages from which the majority of its vocabulary seems to have originated",bib7938,yes -1765-location-1,1765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, 128.2516]]}",,,bib5307,no -1765-location-2,1765,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Morotai Island (the northernmost large island of North Halmahera) and on the southern coast and hinterland of Kau Bay in central eastern North Halmahera. The speakers are believed to have come from Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1765-context-1,1765,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ternate, Malay, Indonesian""}",,"Malayo-Polynesian creole, with a mixed vocabulary which also contains words from Malay, Indonesian and from the large West Papuan, North Halmahera lingua franca Ternate; under strong pressure from the languages from which the majority of its vocabulary seems to have originated",bib7963,yes +1765-location-1,1765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, 128.2516]]}",,,bib5330,no +1765-location-2,1765,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Morotai Island (the northernmost large island of North Halmahera) and on the southern coast and hinterland of Kau Bay in central eastern North Halmahera. The speakers are believed to have come from Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1765-location-3,1765,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1765-speaker_number-1,1765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1765-speakers-1,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1765-speaker_number-2,1765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -1765-speakers-2,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1765-speaker_number-1,1765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1765-speakers-1,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1765-speaker_number-2,1765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +1765-speakers-2,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1765-speaker_number-3,1765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1765-speakers-3,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1765-speaker_number-4,1765,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1765-speakers-4,1765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1765-LEI-1,1765,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1765-vitality-1,1765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1765-LEI-2,1765,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1765-speaker_number_trends-2,1765,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -1765-vitality-2,1765,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1765-LEI-1,1765,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1765-vitality-1,1765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1765-LEI-2,1765,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1765-speaker_number_trends-2,1765,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +1765-vitality-2,1765,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1765-LEI-3,1765,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1765-vitality-3,1765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1765-LEI-4,1765,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1765-vitality-4,1765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1766-location-1,1766,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7819, 126.0021]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1766-location-2,1766,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands southeast of Dili and southwest of Baucau on East Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +1766-location-1,1766,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7819, 126.0021]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1766-location-2,1766,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands southeast of Dili and southwest of Baucau on East Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 1766-location-3,1766,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""]}",,,bib67,no -1766-speaker_number-1,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1766-speakers-1,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1766-speaker_number-2,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1766-speakers-2,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1766-speaker_number-1,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1766-speakers-1,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1766-speaker_number-2,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1766-speakers-2,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1766-speaker_number-3,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1766-speakers-3,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1766-speaker_number-4,1766,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,2010 Census information,bib67,no 1766-speakers-4,1766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,2010 Census information,bib67,no -1766-LEI-1,1766,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1766-vitality-1,1766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1766-LEI-2,1766,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1766-speaker_number_trends-2,1766,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1766-vitality-2,1766,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1766-LEI-1,1766,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1766-vitality-1,1766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1766-LEI-2,1766,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1766-speaker_number_trends-2,1766,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1766-vitality-2,1766,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1766-LEI-3,1766,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1766-vitality-3,1766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1766-LEI-4,1766,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1766-vitality-4,1766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1786-location-1,1786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.0143, 130.3692]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1786-location-2,1786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Easy Seram Island""}",,,bib7938,no +1786-location-1,1786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.0143, 130.3692]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1786-location-2,1786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Easy Seram Island""}",,,bib7963,no 1786-location-3,1786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1786-speaker_number-1,1786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1786-speakers-1,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1786-speaker_number-2,1786,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -1786-speakers-2,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +1786-speaker_number-1,1786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1786-speakers-1,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1786-speaker_number-2,1786,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +1786-speakers-2,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 1786-speaker_number-3,1786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1786-speakers-3,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1786-speaker_number-4,1786,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 1786-speakers-4,1786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -1786-LEI-1,1786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1786-transmission-1,1786,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5307,yes -1786-domains_of_use-1,1786,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5307,yes -1786-speaker_number_trends-1,1786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5307,yes -1786-vitality-1,1786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5307,yes -1786-LEI-2,1786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1786-transmission-2,1786,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1786-speaker_number_trends-2,1786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1786-vitality-2,1786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1786-LEI-1,1786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1786-transmission-1,1786,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5330,yes +1786-domains_of_use-1,1786,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5330,yes +1786-speaker_number_trends-1,1786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5330,yes +1786-vitality-1,1786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5330,yes +1786-LEI-2,1786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1786-transmission-2,1786,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1786-speaker_number_trends-2,1786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1786-vitality-2,1786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1786-LEI-3,1786,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1786-vitality-3,1786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1786-LEI-4,1786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1786-vitality-4,1786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1787-location-1,1787,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""East Seram Island.""}",,,bib7938,yes -1787-location-2,1787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1514, 126.2713]]}",,,bib5307,no +1787-location-1,1787,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""East Seram Island.""}",,,bib7963,yes +1787-location-2,1787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1514, 126.2713]]}",,,bib5330,no 1787-speaker_number-1,1787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1787-speakers-1,1787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1787-speaker_number-2,1787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,yes -1787-speakers-2,1787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,yes +1787-speaker_number-2,1787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,yes +1787-speakers-2,1787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,yes 1787-LEI-1,1787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1787-vitality-1,1787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1787-LEI-2,1787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1787-transmission-2,1787,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -1787-speaker_number_trends-2,1787,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -1787-vitality-2,1787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes -1788-location-1,1788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8614, 128.5606]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1788-location-2,1788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7938,no +1787-LEI-2,1787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1787-transmission-2,1787,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +1787-speaker_number_trends-2,1787,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +1787-vitality-2,1787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes +1788-location-1,1788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8614, 128.5606]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1788-location-2,1788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7963,no 1788-location-3,1788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1788-speaker_number-1,1788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1788-speakers-1,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1788-speaker_number-2,1788,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -1788-speakers-2,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +1788-speaker_number-1,1788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1788-speakers-1,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1788-speaker_number-2,1788,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +1788-speakers-2,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 1788-speaker_number-3,1788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1788-speakers-3,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1788-speaker_number-4,1788,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 1788-speakers-4,1788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -1788-LEI-1,1788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1788-transmission-1,1788,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5307,yes -1788-domains_of_use-1,1788,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5307,yes -1788-speaker_number_trends-1,1788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5307,yes -1788-vitality-1,1788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5307,yes -1788-LEI-2,1788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1788-transmission-2,1788,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1788-speaker_number_trends-2,1788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1788-vitality-2,1788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1788-LEI-1,1788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1788-transmission-1,1788,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5330,yes +1788-domains_of_use-1,1788,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5330,yes +1788-speaker_number_trends-1,1788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5330,yes +1788-vitality-1,1788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5330,yes +1788-LEI-2,1788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1788-transmission-2,1788,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1788-speaker_number_trends-2,1788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1788-vitality-2,1788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1788-LEI-3,1788,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1788-vitality-3,1788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1788-LEI-4,1788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1788-vitality-4,1788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1789-location-1,1789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5269, 127.5265]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1789-location-2,1789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""the northern Halmahera Island, at the mouth of the Ibu River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1789-location-1,1789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5269, 127.5265]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1789-location-2,1789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""the northern Halmahera Island, at the mouth of the Ibu River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1789-location-3,1789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1789-speaker_number-1,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1789-speakers-1,1789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1789-speaker_number-2,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""A few.""",bib7938,no -1789-speakers-2,1789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""A few.""",bib7938,no +1789-speaker_number-1,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1789-speakers-1,1789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1789-speaker_number-2,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""A few.""",bib7963,no +1789-speakers-2,1789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""A few.""",bib7963,no 1789-speaker_number-3,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1789-speakers-3,1789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1789-speaker_number-4,1789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,35 (Voorhoeve and Visser 1987). Ethnic population: 50 to 200 (1984),bib67,no 1789-speakers-4,1789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50-200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 1987, population 1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,35 (Voorhoeve and Visser 1987). Ethnic population: 50 to 200 (1984),bib67,no -1789-LEI-1,1789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1789-vitality-1,1789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1789-LEI-2,1789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1789-transmission-2,1789,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1789-speaker_number_trends-2,1789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1789-vitality-2,1789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1789-LEI-1,1789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1789-vitality-1,1789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1789-LEI-2,1789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1789-transmission-2,1789,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1789-speaker_number_trends-2,1789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1789-vitality-2,1789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1789-LEI-3,1789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1789-vitality-3,1789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1789-LEI-4,1789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -15085,380 +15147,380 @@ Canada: 650 (2011 census).",bib70,no 1789-domains_of_use-4,1789,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib67,no 1789-speaker_number_trends-4,1789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 1789-vitality-4,1789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib67,no -1790-context-1,1790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1790-location-1,1790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6011, 135.1428]]}",,,bib5307,no -1790-location-2,1790,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the coast and inland in the southern- most Cenderawasih Bay area, in the eastern part of the neck portion of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula, as far inland as Yamur Lake.""}",,,bib7938,no +1790-context-1,1790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1790-location-1,1790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6011, 135.1428]]}",,,bib5330,no +1790-location-2,1790,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the coast and inland in the southern- most Cenderawasih Bay area, in the eastern part of the neck portion of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula, as far inland as Yamur Lake.""}",,,bib7963,no 1790-location-3,1790,location,"{""Places"": [""Irian Jaya, Indonesia""]}",,,bib233,no 1790-location-4,1790,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1790-speaker_number-1,1790,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1790-speakers-1,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1790-speaker_number-2,1790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4025,yes -1790-speakers-2,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Close to 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4025,yes -1790-speaker_number-3,1790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1790-speakers-3,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1790-speaker_number-1,1790,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1790-speakers-1,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1790-speaker_number-2,1790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4045,yes +1790-speakers-2,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Close to 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4045,yes +1790-speaker_number-3,1790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1790-speakers-3,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1790-speaker_number-4,1790,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1790-speakers-4,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1790-speaker_number-5,1790,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 1790-speakers-5,1790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Wurm)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -1790-LEI-1,1790,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1790-vitality-1,1790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1790-LEI-2,1790,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4025,yes -1790-transmission-2,1790,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib4025,yes -1790-vitality-2,1790,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4025,yes -1790-LEI-3,1790,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1790-transmission-3,1790,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,no -1790-speaker_number_trends-3,1790,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1790-vitality-3,1790,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1790-LEI-1,1790,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1790-vitality-1,1790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1790-LEI-2,1790,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4045,yes +1790-transmission-2,1790,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib4045,yes +1790-vitality-2,1790,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4045,yes +1790-LEI-3,1790,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1790-transmission-3,1790,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,no +1790-speaker_number_trends-3,1790,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1790-vitality-3,1790,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1790-LEI-4,1790,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1790-vitality-4,1790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1790-LEI-5,1790,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1790-vitality-5,1790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1791-context-1,1791,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All Bakairi speak Portuguese also.""}",,,bib1903,no +1791-context-1,1791,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All Bakairi speak Portuguese also.""}",,,bib1915,no 1791-location-1,1791,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.0, -55.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1791-location-2,1791,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Mato Grosso; 9 or 10 villages.,bib67,no -1791-location-3,1791,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"In the State of Mato Grosso, in Central Brazil. Eastern Bakairi is spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi is spoken in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres. The two reservations ... are approximately one hundred kilometers distant from each other.",bib5106,yes -1791-location-4,1791,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4213, -54.0305]]}",,,bib5307,no -1791-location-5,1791,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northern Mato Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Southwest to the Upper Xingu area, Terra Indigena Bakairi, Municipality of Nobres, and Terra Indigena Santana, Municipality of Paranatinga.""}",,,bib1903,no +1791-location-3,1791,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"In the State of Mato Grosso, in Central Brazil. Eastern Bakairi is spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi is spoken in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres. The two reservations ... are approximately one hundred kilometers distant from each other.",bib5128,yes +1791-location-4,1791,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4213, -54.0305]]}",,,bib5330,no +1791-location-5,1791,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northern Mato Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Southwest to the Upper Xingu area, Terra Indigena Bakairi, Municipality of Nobres, and Terra Indigena Santana, Municipality of Paranatinga.""}",,,bib1915,no 1791-speaker_number-1,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (1999). 950 (1999 ISA) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 1791-speakers-1,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (1999). 950 (1999 ISA) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -1791-speaker_number-2,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Bakairi is spoken by approximately 900 people ... This language has two rather divergent dialects: Eastern Bakairi, spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi, spoken by 200 people in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres.",bib5106,yes -1791-speakers-2,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Bakairi is spoken by approximately 900 people ... This language has two rather divergent dialects: Eastern Bakairi, spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi, spoken by 200 people in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres.",bib5106,yes -1791-speaker_number-3,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1791-speakers-3,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1791-speaker_number-4,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1791-speakers-4,1791,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +1791-speaker_number-2,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Bakairi is spoken by approximately 900 people ... This language has two rather divergent dialects: Eastern Bakairi, spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi, spoken by 200 people in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres.",bib5128,yes +1791-speakers-2,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Bakairi is spoken by approximately 900 people ... This language has two rather divergent dialects: Eastern Bakairi, spoken by seven hundred people in seven villages in the Bakairi Indigenous Reservation (Área Indígena Bakairi), near Paranatinga, and Western Bakairi, spoken by 200 people in two villages in the Santana Indigenous Reservation Área Indígena Santana), near Nobres.",bib5128,yes +1791-speaker_number-3,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1791-speakers-3,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1791-speaker_number-4,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1791-speakers-4,1791,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 1791-speaker_number-5,1791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1791-speakers-5,1791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1791-LEI-1,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1791-vitality-1,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1791-LEI-2,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5106,yes -1791-vitality-2,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5106,yes -1791-LEI-3,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1791-vitality-3,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1791-LEI-4,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1791-vitality-4,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1791-LEI-2,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5128,yes +1791-vitality-2,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5128,yes +1791-LEI-3,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1791-vitality-3,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1791-LEI-4,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1791-vitality-4,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1791-LEI-5,1791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1791-vitality-5,1791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1792-context-1,1792,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Banawa are monolingual.""}",,,bib1903,no +1792-context-1,1792,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Banawa are monolingual.""}",,,bib1915,no 1792-location-1,1792,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Jamamad\u00ed [jaa]: Amazonas in Jaruara, 7 villages in L\u00e1brea municipality; Banaw\u00e1 River area; the rest scattered over a large area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.628, -63.183], [-6.534, -64.383]]}",,"Amazonas in Jaruara, 7 villages in Lábrea municipality; Banawá River area; the rest scattered over a large area.",bib68,no -1792-location-2,1792,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Upriver from the Jamamadi, Terra Indigena Banawa/Rio Piranhas.""}",,,bib1903,no -1792-location-3,1792,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1792-location-2,1792,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Upriver from the Jamamadi, Terra Indigena Banawa/Rio Piranhas.""}",,,bib1915,no +1792-location-3,1792,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1792-speaker_number-1,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Mostly monolingual,bib68,no 1792-speakers-1,1792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Mostly monolingual,bib68,no -1792-speaker_number-2,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1792-speakers-2,1792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1792-speaker_number-3,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1792-speakers-3,1792,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""215"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""215"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no -1792-speaker_number-4,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1792-speakers-4,1792,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1792-speaker_number-2,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1792-speakers-2,1792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1792-speaker_number-3,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1792-speakers-3,1792,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""215"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""215"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no +1792-speaker_number-4,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1792-speakers-4,1792,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1792-speaker_number-5,1792,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1792-speakers-5,1792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1792-LEI-1,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1792-vitality-1,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -1792-LEI-2,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1792-vitality-2,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1792-LEI-3,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1792-vitality-3,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1792-LEI-4,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1792-vitality-4,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1792-LEI-2,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1792-vitality-2,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1792-LEI-3,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1792-vitality-3,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1792-LEI-4,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1792-vitality-4,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1792-LEI-5,1792,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1792-vitality-5,1792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1806-context-1,1806,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Language use is vigorous, but Isirawa is losing its lingua franca and trade language status to Indonesian, and the children are beginning to prefer Indonesian to it.",bib7938,no -1806-location-1,1806,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8783, 138.5485]]}",,,bib5307,yes +1806-context-1,1806,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Language use is vigorous, but Isirawa is losing its lingua franca and trade language status to Indonesian, and the children are beginning to prefer Indonesian to it.",bib7963,no +1806-location-1,1806,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8783, 138.5485]]}",,,bib5330,yes 1806-location-2,1806,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.83333333333, 138.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1806-location-3,1806,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western part of the north coast, and inland, west of Sarmi. Traditionally the lingua franca on the western central north coast.""}",,,bib7938,no +1806-location-3,1806,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western part of the north coast, and inland, west of Sarmi. Traditionally the lingua franca on the western central north coast.""}",,,bib7963,no 1806-location-4,1806,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1806-speaker_number-1,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1806-speakers-1,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1806-speaker_number-2,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1806-speakers-2,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1806-speaker_number-1,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1806-speakers-1,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1806-speaker_number-2,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1806-speakers-2,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1806-speaker_number-3,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1806-speakers-3,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1806-speaker_number-4,1806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1806-speakers-4,1806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1806-LEI-1,1806,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1806-vitality-1,1806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1806-LEI-2,1806,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1806-speaker_number_trends-2,1806,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1806-vitality-2,1806,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1806-LEI-1,1806,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1806-vitality-1,1806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1806-LEI-2,1806,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1806-speaker_number_trends-2,1806,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1806-vitality-2,1806,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1806-LEI-3,1806,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1806-vitality-3,1806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1806-LEI-4,1806,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1806-vitality-4,1806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1807-context-1,1807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1807-location-1,1807,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3181, 139.148]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1807-location-2,1807,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the north coast, east of the Tor River and west of the upper Biri River, at Itik.""}",,,bib7938,no +1807-context-1,1807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1807-location-1,1807,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3181, 139.148]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1807-location-2,1807,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the north coast, east of the Tor River and west of the upper Biri River, at Itik.""}",,,bib7963,no 1807-location-3,1807,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1807-speaker_number-1,1807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1807-speakers-1,1807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1807-speaker_number-2,1807,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1807-speakers-2,1807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1807-speaker_number-1,1807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1807-speakers-1,1807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1807-speaker_number-2,1807,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1807-speakers-2,1807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1807-speaker_number-3,1807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1807-speakers-3,1807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1807-speaker_number-4,1807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1807-speakers-4,1807,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1807-LEI-1,1807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1807-vitality-1,1807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1807-LEI-2,1807,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1807-speaker_number_trends-2,1807,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1807-vitality-2,1807,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1807-LEI-1,1807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1807-vitality-1,1807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1807-LEI-2,1807,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1807-speaker_number_trends-2,1807,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1807-vitality-2,1807,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1807-LEI-3,1807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1807-vitality-3,1807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1807-LEI-4,1807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1807-vitality-4,1807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1808-location-1,1808,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Java, Semarang""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.966, 110.4166]]}",,,bib7938,yes -1808-speaker_number-1,1808,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There may still be a few second-language speakers and even some very few first-language speakers of it.,bib7938,yes -1808-speakers-1,1808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There may still be a few second-language speakers and even some very few first-language speakers of it.,bib7938,yes -1808-LEI-1,1808,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1808-transmission-1,1808,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -1808-speaker_number_trends-1,1808,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -1808-vitality-1,1808,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes -1809-location-1,1809,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7465, 125.2606]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1809-location-2,1809,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku, Sula Islands, Taliabu Island.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the interior mountainous area of Taliabu Island and possibly also of Mangole (Sulabesi) Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +1808-location-1,1808,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Java, Semarang""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.966, 110.4166]]}",,,bib7963,yes +1808-speaker_number-1,1808,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There may still be a few second-language speakers and even some very few first-language speakers of it.,bib7963,yes +1808-speakers-1,1808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There may still be a few second-language speakers and even some very few first-language speakers of it.,bib7963,yes +1808-LEI-1,1808,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1808-transmission-1,1808,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +1808-speaker_number_trends-1,1808,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +1808-vitality-1,1808,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes +1809-location-1,1809,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7465, 125.2606]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1809-location-2,1809,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku, Sula Islands, Taliabu Island.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the interior mountainous area of Taliabu Island and possibly also of Mangole (Sulabesi) Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 1809-location-3,1809,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1809-speaker_number-1,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1809-speakers-1,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1809-speaker_number-2,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1809-speakers-2,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1809-speaker_number-1,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1809-speakers-1,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1809-speaker_number-2,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1809-speakers-2,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1809-speaker_number-3,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1809-speakers-3,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1809-speaker_number-4,1809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1809-speakers-4,1809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1809-LEI-1,1809,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1809-vitality-1,1809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1809-LEI-2,1809,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1809-speaker_number_trends-2,1809,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1809-vitality-2,1809,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1809-LEI-1,1809,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1809-vitality-1,1809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1809-LEI-2,1809,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1809-speaker_number_trends-2,1809,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1809-vitality-2,1809,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1809-LEI-3,1809,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1809-vitality-3,1809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1809-LEI-4,1809,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1809-vitality-4,1809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1810-context-1,1810,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,,bib7938,no -1810-location-1,1810,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1843, 128.1829]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1810-location-2,1810,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""]}",,"Spoken in West Seram Island, at Piru Bay.",bib7938,no +1810-context-1,1810,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,,bib7963,no +1810-location-1,1810,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1843, 128.1829]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1810-location-2,1810,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""]}",,"Spoken in West Seram Island, at Piru Bay.",bib7963,no 1810-location-3,1810,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1810-speaker_number-1,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1810-speakers-1,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1810-speaker_number-2,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1810-speakers-2,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1810-speaker_number-1,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1810-speakers-1,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1810-speaker_number-2,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1810-speakers-2,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1810-speaker_number-3,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1810-speakers-3,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1810-speaker_number-4,1810,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Collins (1983).,bib67,no 1810-speakers-4,1810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Collins (1983).,bib67,no -1810-LEI-1,1810,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1810-vitality-1,1810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1810-LEI-2,1810,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1810-speaker_number_trends-2,1810,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1810-vitality-2,1810,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1810-LEI-1,1810,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1810-vitality-1,1810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1810-LEI-2,1810,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1810-speaker_number_trends-2,1810,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1810-vitality-2,1810,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1810-LEI-3,1810,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1810-vitality-3,1810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1810-LEI-4,1810,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1810-vitality-4,1810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1811-context-1,1811,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manam [mva]""}",,,bib69,no -1811-context-2,1811,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manam""}",,,bib7938,yes -1811-location-1,1811,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6666, 143.8166]]}",,,bib5307,no +1811-context-2,1811,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manam""}",,,bib7963,yes +1811-location-1,1811,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6666, 143.8166]]}",,,bib5330,no 1811-location-2,1811,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Kep and Taul coast area.""}",,,bib69,no -1811-location-3,1811,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaiep village and part of Terebu village""}",,"Gehberger (1950) lists Kaiep, Terebu, and Samap as having the same language; however, Samap village now speaks the non-Melanesian language Elepi.",bib4545,no -1811-location-4,1811,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea: East Sepik Province.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central coast of the province around Taul.""}",,,bib7938,yes -1811-speaker_number-1,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1811-speakers-1,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1811-location-3,1811,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaiep village and part of Terebu village""}",,"Gehberger (1950) lists Kaiep, Terebu, and Samap as having the same language; however, Samap village now speaks the non-Melanesian language Elepi.",bib4566,no +1811-location-4,1811,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea: East Sepik Province.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central coast of the province around Taul.""}",,,bib7963,yes +1811-speaker_number-1,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1811-speakers-1,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1811-speaker_number-2,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm),bib69,no 1811-speakers-2,1811,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm),bib69,no -1811-speaker_number-3,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -1811-speakers-3,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""167"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -1811-speaker_number-4,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -1811-speakers-4,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +1811-speaker_number-3,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +1811-speakers-3,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""167"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +1811-speaker_number-4,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +1811-speakers-4,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 1811-speaker_number-5,1811,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1811-speakers-5,1811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1811-LEI-1,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1811-vitality-1,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1811-LEI-1,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1811-vitality-1,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1811-LEI-2,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1811-vitality-2,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1811-LEI-3,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -1811-vitality-3,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -1811-LEI-4,1811,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1811-speaker_number_trends-4,1811,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -1811-vitality-4,1811,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +1811-LEI-3,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +1811-vitality-3,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +1811-LEI-4,1811,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1811-speaker_number_trends-4,1811,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +1811-vitality-4,1811,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 1811-LEI-5,1811,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1811-vitality-5,1811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1812-location-1,1812,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7222, 126.2878]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1812-location-2,1812,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands of Timor Island, south and southwest of Baucau.""}",,,bib7938,no +1812-location-1,1812,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7222, 126.2878]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1812-location-2,1812,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands of Timor Island, south and southwest of Baucau.""}",,,bib7963,no 1812-location-3,1812,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""]}",,,bib67,no -1812-speaker_number-1,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1812-speakers-1,1812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1812-speaker_number-2,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -1812-speakers-2,1812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +1812-speaker_number-1,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1812-speakers-1,1812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1812-speaker_number-2,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +1812-speakers-2,1812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 1812-speaker_number-3,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1812-speakers-3,1812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1812-speaker_number-4,1812,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,2010 Census information,bib67,no 1812-speakers-4,1812,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,2010 Census information,bib67,no -1812-LEI-1,1812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1812-vitality-1,1812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1812-LEI-2,1812,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1812-speaker_number_trends-2,1812,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1812-vitality-2,1812,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1812-LEI-1,1812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1812-vitality-1,1812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1812-LEI-2,1812,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1812-speaker_number_trends-2,1812,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1812-vitality-2,1812,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1812-LEI-3,1812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1812-vitality-3,1812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1812-LEI-4,1812,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1812-vitality-4,1812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1813-context-1,1813,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1813-location-1,1813,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.943, 138.1777]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1813-location-2,1813,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the lower Rouffaer River, to the east of the confluence of the van Daalen River and the lower Rouffaer River, in the western central part of the eastern main bulk of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +1813-context-1,1813,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1813-location-1,1813,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.943, 138.1777]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1813-location-2,1813,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the lower Rouffaer River, to the east of the confluence of the van Daalen River and the lower Rouffaer River, in the western central part of the eastern main bulk of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 1813-location-3,1813,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1813-speaker_number-1,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1813-speakers-1,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1813-speaker_number-2,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1813-speakers-2,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1813-speaker_number-1,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1813-speakers-1,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1813-speaker_number-2,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1813-speakers-2,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1813-speaker_number-3,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1813-speakers-3,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1813-speaker_number-4,1813,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 1813-speakers-4,1813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -1813-LEI-1,1813,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1813-vitality-1,1813,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1813-LEI-2,1813,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1813-speaker_number_trends-2,1813,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1813-vitality-2,1813,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1813-LEI-1,1813,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1813-vitality-1,1813,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1813-LEI-2,1813,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1813-speaker_number_trends-2,1813,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1813-vitality-2,1813,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1813-LEI-3,1813,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1813-vitality-3,1813,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1813-LEI-4,1813,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1813-vitality-4,1813,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1814-context-1,1814,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bonerate, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1814-location-1,1814,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.3134, 121.0034]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1814-location-2,1814,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on eastern Kalao Island, south of Salayar Island which is located south of the southeastern tip of the southern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +1814-context-1,1814,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bonerate, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1814-location-1,1814,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.3134, 121.0034]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1814-location-2,1814,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on eastern Kalao Island, south of Salayar Island which is located south of the southeastern tip of the southern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 1814-location-3,1814,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1814-speaker_number-1,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1814-speakers-1,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1814-speaker_number-2,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1814-speakers-2,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1814-speaker_number-1,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1814-speakers-1,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1814-speaker_number-2,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1814-speakers-2,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1814-speaker_number-3,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1814-speakers-3,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1814-speaker_number-4,1814,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no 1814-speakers-4,1814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no -1814-LEI-1,1814,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1814-vitality-1,1814,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1814-LEI-2,1814,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1814-speaker_number_trends-2,1814,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1814-vitality-2,1814,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1814-LEI-1,1814,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1814-vitality-1,1814,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1814-LEI-2,1814,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1814-speaker_number_trends-2,1814,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1814-vitality-2,1814,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1814-LEI-3,1814,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1814-vitality-3,1814,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1814-LEI-4,1814,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1814-vitality-4,1814,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1815-location-1,1815,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4366, 128.5345]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1815-location-2,1815,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7938,no +1815-location-1,1815,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4366, 128.5345]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1815-location-2,1815,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7963,no 1815-location-3,1815,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1815-speaker_number-1,1815,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -1815-speakers-1,1815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -1815-speaker_number-2,1815,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -1815-speakers-2,1815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +1815-speaker_number-1,1815,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +1815-speakers-1,1815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +1815-speaker_number-2,1815,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +1815-speakers-2,1815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 1815-speaker_number-3,1815,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1815-speakers-3,1815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1815-speaker_number-4,1815,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"10 (1987 SIL). Ethnic population: 6,000 in the village (1987 SIL)",bib67,no 1815-speakers-4,1815,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"10 (1987 SIL). Ethnic population: 6,000 in the village (1987 SIL)",bib67,no -1815-LEI-1,1815,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1815-vitality-1,1815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1815-LEI-2,1815,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1815-transmission-2,1815,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1815-speaker_number_trends-2,1815,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1815-vitality-2,1815,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1815-LEI-1,1815,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1815-vitality-1,1815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1815-LEI-2,1815,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1815-transmission-2,1815,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1815-speaker_number_trends-2,1815,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1815-vitality-2,1815,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1815-LEI-3,1815,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1815-vitality-3,1815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1815-LEI-4,1815,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1815-vitality-4,1815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -182-location-1,182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.060869, 31.560233]]}",,,bib7945,no -182-location-2,182,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken on two mountain ranges to the north and north-west of Rashad.""}",,,bib2456,no +182-location-1,182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.060869, 31.560233]]}",,,bib7970,no +182-location-2,182,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken on two mountain ranges to the north and north-west of Rashad.""}",,,bib2469,no 182-location-3,182,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Kordofan Province, Nuba Mountains, Tegali Range, Rashad hills and Rashad town.""}",,,bib67,yes 182-speaker_number-1,182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 182-speakers-1,182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 182-LEI-1,182,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 182-vitality-1,182,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -1825-context-1,1825,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russsian""}",,Interference from Russian is generally stronger in Western Mari than in Eastern Mari.,bib6474,yes -1825-location-1,1825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[56.3317, 46.5545]]}",,,bib5307,no -1825-location-2,1825,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in westernmost parts of the Republic of Mariy-El and adjacent parts of Kirov (Vyatka) and Nizhniy Novgorod provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +1825-context-1,1825,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russsian""}",,Interference from Russian is generally stronger in Western Mari than in Eastern Mari.,bib6498,yes +1825-location-1,1825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[56.3317, 46.5545]]}",,,bib5330,no +1825-location-2,1825,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in westernmost parts of the Republic of Mariy-El and adjacent parts of Kirov (Vyatka) and Nizhniy Novgorod provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 1825-location-3,1825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.0, 58.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1825-location-4,1825,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -1825-speaker_number-1,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1825-speakers-1,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,822"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1825-speaker_number-2,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -1825-speakers-2,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +1825-speaker_number-1,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1825-speakers-1,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,822"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1825-speaker_number-2,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +1825-speakers-2,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 1825-speaker_number-3,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1825-speakers-3,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1825-speaker_number-4,1825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1825-speakers-4,1825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1825-LEI-1,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1825-vitality-1,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1825-LEI-2,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -1825-vitality-2,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6474,yes +1825-LEI-1,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1825-vitality-1,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1825-LEI-2,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +1825-vitality-2,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6498,yes 1825-LEI-3,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1825-vitality-3,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1825-LEI-4,1825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1825-vitality-4,1825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1845-context-1,1845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"There have been several attempts to develop a revitalization program, including language teaching in schools and language classes offered by the members of the Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure, which may result in an increase in the number of speakers in younger generations.",bib8213,yes +1845-context-1,1845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"There have been several attempts to develop a revitalization program, including language teaching in schools and language classes offered by the members of the Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure, which may result in an increase in the number of speakers in younger generations.",bib8238,yes 1845-location-1,1845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0833333333, -64.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1845-location-2,1845,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Beni Department, It\u00e9nez and Mamor\u00e9 provinces, between the It\u00e9nez and R\u00edo Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Pe\u00f1as, Pueblo Baure.""}",,"Beni Department, Iténez and Mamoré provinces, between the Iténez and Río Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Peñas, Pueblo Baure.",bib67,no -1845-location-3,1845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.1008, -64.5007]]}",,,bib5307,no -1845-location-4,1845,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia: villages of Baures and El Carmen""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, provinces of Itenez and Mamore, between the Itenez and Rio Blanco rivers, municipalities of Baures, Huacaraje and Magdalena, southeast of Magdalena, in the villages of Baures and El Carmen""}",,,bib1903,no -1845-speaker_number-1,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking ""very well."" a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.",bib8213,yes -1845-speakers-1,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""44""}",,"The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking ""very well."" a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.",bib8213,yes +1845-location-3,1845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.1008, -64.5007]]}",,,bib5330,no +1845-location-4,1845,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia: villages of Baures and El Carmen""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, provinces of Itenez and Mamore, between the Itenez and Rio Blanco rivers, municipalities of Baures, Huacaraje and Magdalena, southeast of Magdalena, in the villages of Baures and El Carmen""}",,,bib1915,no +1845-speaker_number-1,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking ""very well."" a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.",bib8238,yes +1845-speakers-1,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""44""}",,"The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking ""very well."" a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.",bib8238,yes 1845-speaker_number-2,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). 40 (Crevels 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 980 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no 1845-speakers-2,1845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""631"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). 40 (Crevels 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 980 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no -1845-speaker_number-3,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1845-speakers-3,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1845-speaker_number-4,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.,bib1903,no -1845-speakers-4,1845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""630"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.,bib1903,no +1845-speaker_number-3,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1845-speakers-3,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1845-speaker_number-4,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.,bib1915,no +1845-speakers-4,1845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""630"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.,bib1915,no 1845-speaker_number-5,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1845-speakers-5,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1845-speaker_number-6,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años."" (p. 295) ""En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano"" (p. 296). -[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1978,no +[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1990,no 1845-speakers-6,1845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años."" (p. 295) ""En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano"" (p. 296). -[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1978,no -1845-speaker_number-7,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -1845-speakers-7,1845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""886"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""67"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1990,no +1845-speaker_number-7,1845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +1845-speakers-7,1845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""886"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""67"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 1845-LEI-1,1845,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish -is the dominant language of the region.",bib8213,yes +is the dominant language of the region.",bib8238,yes 1845-transmission-1,1845,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish -is the dominant language of the region.",bib8213,yes +is the dominant language of the region.",bib8238,yes 1845-speaker_number_trends-1,1845,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish -is the dominant language of the region.",bib8213,yes +is the dominant language of the region.",bib8238,yes 1845-vitality-1,1845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish -is the dominant language of the region.",bib8213,yes +is the dominant language of the region.",bib8238,yes 1845-LEI-2,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1845-vitality-2,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1845-LEI-3,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1845-vitality-3,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1845-LEI-4,1845,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1845-transmission-4,1845,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -1845-speaker_number_trends-4,1845,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -1845-vitality-4,1845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,no +1845-LEI-3,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1845-vitality-3,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1845-LEI-4,1845,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1845-transmission-4,1845,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +1845-speaker_number_trends-4,1845,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +1845-vitality-4,1845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,no 1845-LEI-5,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1845-vitality-5,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1845-LEI-6,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años."" (p. 295) ""En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano"" (p. 296). -[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1978,no +[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1990,no 1845-vitality-6,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años."" (p. 295) ""En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano"" (p. 296). -[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1978,no -1845-LEI-7,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1845-vitality-7,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)"" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].",bib1990,no +1845-LEI-7,1845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1845-vitality-7,1845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1846-context-1,1846,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish in Peru, Portuguese in Brazil""}",,,bib70,no -1846-context-2,1846,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual schools, but sometimes the teachers are not native speakers of the language.""}",,,bib1903,no -1846-location-1,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Curanja and Pur\u00fas rivers in Pur\u00fas Province in Ucayali Region, Peru, as well as in the basin of the Santa Rosa river in the state of Acre, Brazil.""}",,,bib8124,no +1846-context-2,1846,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual schools, but sometimes the teachers are not native speakers of the language.""}",,,bib1915,no +1846-location-1,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Curanja and Pur\u00fas rivers in Pur\u00fas Province in Ucayali Region, Peru, as well as in the basin of the Santa Rosa river in the state of Acre, Brazil.""}",,,bib8149,no 1846-location-2,1846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5, -71.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1846-location-3,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Ucayali Region, Curanja and Purus rivers.""}",,"Ucayali Region, Curanja and Purus rivers.",bib67,no 1846-location-4,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,"Peru: Ucayali region: Curanja and Purus rivers. Brazil: Acre and Amazonas states.",bib70,no -1846-location-5,1846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.3581, -71.5869]]}",,,bib5307,no -1846-location-6,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib8142,yes -1846-location-7,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the rivers Curanja and Purus.""}",,,bib1903,no +1846-location-5,1846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.3581, -71.5869]]}",,,bib5330,no +1846-location-6,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib8167,yes +1846-location-7,1846,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the rivers Curanja and Purus.""}",,,bib1915,no 1846-speaker_number-1,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,600 [speakers] in Peru (2003).",bib67,no 1846-speakers-1,1846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,600 [speakers] in Peru (2003).",bib67,no 1846-speaker_number-2,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"750 in Peru (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 1,000 (Crevels 2007). @@ -15467,103 +15529,103 @@ Brazil: Acre and Amazonas states.",bib70,no 1846-speakers-2,1846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Peru), 2003 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"750 in Peru (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 1,000 (Crevels 2007). 400 in Brazil (2003). Ethnic population: 1,400 (2000 ISA).",bib70,no -1846-speaker_number-3,1846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1846-speakers-3,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1846-speaker_number-4,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8142,yes -1846-speakers-4,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5253"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8142,yes -1846-speaker_number-5,1846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"750-1,000 speakers in Peru (more in Brazil)",bib1903,no -1846-speakers-5,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"750-1,000 speakers in Peru (more in Brazil)",bib1903,no +1846-speaker_number-3,1846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1846-speakers-3,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1846-speaker_number-4,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8167,yes +1846-speakers-4,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5253"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8167,yes +1846-speaker_number-5,1846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"750-1,000 speakers in Peru (more in Brazil)",bib1915,no +1846-speakers-5,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"750-1,000 speakers in Peru (more in Brazil)",bib1915,no 1846-speaker_number-6,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1846-speakers-6,1846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1846-speaker_number-7,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,4500 speakers in Brazil and 957 speakers in Peru.,bib1902,no -1846-speakers-7,1846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5457"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,457"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,4500 speakers in Brazil and 957 speakers in Peru.,bib1902,no +1846-speaker_number-7,1846,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,4500 speakers in Brazil and 957 speakers in Peru.,bib1914,no +1846-speakers-7,1846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5457"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,457"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,4500 speakers in Brazil and 957 speakers in Peru.,bib1914,no 1846-LEI-1,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1846-vitality-1,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 1846-LEI-2,1846,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language. All ages.,bib70,no 1846-transmission-2,1846,transmission,0,transmission-0,All children acquire the language. All ages.,bib70,no 1846-speaker_number_trends-2,1846,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,All children acquire the language. All ages.,bib70,no 1846-vitality-2,1846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All children acquire the language. All ages.,bib70,no -1846-LEI-3,1846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1846-vitality-3,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1846-LEI-4,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8142,yes -1846-vitality-4,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8142,yes -1846-LEI-5,1846,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1846-transmission-5,1846,transmission,0,transmission-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1846-speaker_number_trends-5,1846,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -1846-vitality-5,1846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no +1846-LEI-3,1846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1846-vitality-3,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1846-LEI-4,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8167,yes +1846-vitality-4,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8167,yes +1846-LEI-5,1846,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1846-transmission-5,1846,transmission,0,transmission-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1846-speaker_number_trends-5,1846,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +1846-vitality-5,1846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no 1846-LEI-6,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1846-vitality-6,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1846-LEI-7,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1846-vitality-7,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1847-location-1,1847,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.6056, -59.7656]]}",,,bib5307,no +1846-LEI-7,1846,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1846-vitality-7,1846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1847-location-1,1847,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.6056, -59.7656]]}",,,bib5330,no 1847-location-2,1847,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.0, -60.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1847-location-3,1847,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1847-location-3,1847,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1847-location-4,1847,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Chaco and north central Santa Fe provinces.""}",,Southeastern Chaco and north central Santa Fe provinces.,bib67,no -1847-speaker_number-1,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1847-speakers-1,1847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1847-speaker_number-2,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1847-speakers-2,1847,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,837"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1847-speaker_number-1,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1847-speakers-1,1847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1847-speaker_number-2,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1847-speakers-2,1847,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,837"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1847-speaker_number-3,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1847-speakers-3,1847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,525"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1847-speaker_number-4,1847,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (2011 E. Zugasti). A few elderly monolinguals. Ethnic population: 12,100 (2004 INDEC) (2013).",bib67,no 1847-speakers-4,1847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,530"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (2011 E. Zugasti). A few elderly monolinguals. Ethnic population: 12,100 (2004 INDEC) (2013).",bib67,no -1847-LEI-1,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1847-vitality-1,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1847-LEI-2,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1847-vitality-2,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1847-LEI-1,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1847-vitality-1,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1847-LEI-2,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1847-vitality-2,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1847-LEI-3,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1847-vitality-3,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1847-LEI-4,1847,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1847-vitality-4,1847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1849-location-1,1849,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""East central Chaco Province; near Paraguay border, Resistencia.""}",,,bib69,no -1849-location-2,1849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.9808, -59.6777]]}",,,bib5307,no -1849-location-3,1849,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""The descendants of the last surviving Vilela group live in the eastern Chaco area, where they are mixed with the Toba and Mocov\u00fd""}",,,bib1903,no +1849-location-2,1849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.9808, -59.6777]]}",,,bib5330,no +1849-location-3,1849,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""The descendants of the last surviving Vilela group live in the eastern Chaco area, where they are mixed with the Toba and Mocov\u00fd""}",,,bib1915,no 1849-speaker_number-1,1849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1849-speakers-1,1849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1849-speakers-2,1849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011""}",,No known L1 speakers (2011 M. Del Pozzi).,bib69,no -1849-speakers-3,1849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib1902,yes -1849-speaker_number-4,1849,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1849-speakers-4,1849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib1903,no +1849-speakers-3,1849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib1914,yes +1849-speaker_number-4,1849,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1849-speakers-4,1849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib1915,no 1849-LEI-1,1849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1849-vitality-1,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1849-LEI-2,1849,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 1849-vitality-2,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -1849-LEI-3,1849,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -1849-vitality-3,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -1849-LEI-4,1849,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1849-vitality-4,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1849-LEI-3,1849,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +1849-vitality-3,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +1849-LEI-4,1849,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1849-vitality-4,1849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1850-location-1,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.5, -62.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1850-location-2,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""]}",,,bib67,no -1850-location-3,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Argentina: Chaco, Salta and Formosa; Bolivia: Tarija""}",,,bib6983,no -1850-location-4,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Argentina; southeastern Bolivia""}",,,bib3094,no -1850-location-5,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1850-location-3,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Argentina: Chaco, Salta and Formosa; Bolivia: Tarija""}",,,bib7007,no +1850-location-4,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Argentina; southeastern Bolivia""}",,,bib3108,no +1850-location-5,1850,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1850-speaker_number-1,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1850-speakers-1,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1850-speaker_number-2,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6983,no -1850-speakers-2,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6983,no -1850-speaker_number-3,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3094,no -1850-speakers-3,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3094,no +1850-speaker_number-2,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7007,no +1850-speakers-2,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7007,no +1850-speaker_number-3,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3108,no +1850-speakers-3,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3108,no 1850-speaker_number-4,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1850-speakers-4,1850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1850-speaker_number-5,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Bolivia: 1,929 speakers, 1,797 populations; Argentina: 28,631 speakers, 40,036 population.",bib1902,yes -1850-speakers-5,1850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41,833"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Bolivia: 1,929 speakers, 1,797 populations; Argentina: 28,631 speakers, 40,036 population.",bib1902,yes +1850-speaker_number-5,1850,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Bolivia: 1,929 speakers, 1,797 populations; Argentina: 28,631 speakers, 40,036 population.",bib1914,yes +1850-speakers-5,1850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41,833"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Bolivia: 1,929 speakers, 1,797 populations; Argentina: 28,631 speakers, 40,036 population.",bib1914,yes 1850-LEI-1,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1850-vitality-1,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1850-LEI-2,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1850-vitality-2,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -1850-LEI-3,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3094,no -1850-vitality-3,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3094,no +1850-LEI-2,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1850-vitality-2,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +1850-LEI-3,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3108,no +1850-vitality-3,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3108,no 1850-LEI-4,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1850-vitality-4,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1850-LEI-5,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1850-vitality-5,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1850-LEI-5,1850,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1850-vitality-5,1850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1851-location-1,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 1851-location-2,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Os Sateré-Mawé habitam a região do médio rio Amazonas, em duas Terras Indígenas uma no estado do Amazonas e outra na divisa deste com o Pará. [The Sateré-Mawé inhabit the region of the middle Amazon, in two Indigenous Lands, one in the state of Amazonas and another on the border between this and Pará.]",bib169,no -1851-location-3,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.8642, -56.7773]]}",,"Para and Amazonas states, Andirá, and Maués rivers, between lower Tapajós and lower Madeira rivers, more than 14 villages.",bib5307,no -1851-location-4,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Middle Amazon River, border area between Amazonas and Par\u00e1 states, municipalities of Maues, Barreirinha,\nParintins (Amazonas), and Itaiutuba (Par\u00e1), Terra Ind\u00edgena Sater\u00e9-Maw\u00e9/Andir\u00e1-Marau.""}",,,bib1903,no -1851-location-5,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1851-location-3,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.8642, -56.7773]]}",,"Para and Amazonas states, Andirá, and Maués rivers, between lower Tapajós and lower Madeira rivers, more than 14 villages.",bib5330,no +1851-location-4,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Middle Amazon River, border area between Amazonas and Par\u00e1 states, municipalities of Maues, Barreirinha,\nParintins (Amazonas), and Itaiutuba (Par\u00e1), Terra Ind\u00edgena Sater\u00e9-Maw\u00e9/Andir\u00e1-Marau.""}",,,bib1915,no +1851-location-5,1851,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1851-speaker_number-1,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2000). 9,160 (2008 FUNASA) (2014)",bib67,no @@ -15571,119 +15633,119 @@ Brazil: Acre and Amazonas states.",bib70,no 9,160 (2008 FUNASA) (2014)",bib67,no 1851-speakers-2,1851,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,761"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"Ethnic polulation 10,761 (Funasa, 2010)",bib169,no -1851-speaker_number-3,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1851-speakers-3,1851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1851-speaker_number-4,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The present state of the Sateré-Mawé language is very good, with speakers of both sexes and all ages.",bib1903,no -1851-speakers-4,1851,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,134"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The present state of the Sateré-Mawé language is very good, with speakers of both sexes and all ages.",bib1903,no +1851-speaker_number-3,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1851-speakers-3,1851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1851-speaker_number-4,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The present state of the Sateré-Mawé language is very good, with speakers of both sexes and all ages.",bib1915,no +1851-speakers-4,1851,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,134"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The present state of the Sateré-Mawé language is very good, with speakers of both sexes and all ages.",bib1915,no 1851-speaker_number-5,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1851-speakers-5,1851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1851-speaker_number-6,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1851-speakers-6,1851,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,156"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,219"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1851-speaker_number-6,1851,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1851-speakers-6,1851,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,156"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,219"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1851-LEI-1,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All ages. Bilingualism in Portuguese [por] varies greatly depending on the area (Crevels 2007) (2014),bib67,no 1851-vitality-1,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. All ages. Bilingualism in Portuguese [por] varies greatly depending on the area (Crevels 2007) (2014),bib67,no -1851-LEI-2,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1851-vitality-2,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1851-LEI-3,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1851-vitality-3,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1851-LEI-2,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1851-vitality-2,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1851-LEI-3,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1851-vitality-3,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1851-LEI-4,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1851-vitality-4,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1851-LEI-5,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1851-vitality-5,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1851-LEI-5,1851,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1851-vitality-5,1851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1852-context-1,1852,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib67,no 1852-location-1,1852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.4166666667, -53.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1852-location-2,1852,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 1852-location-3,1852,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Mato Grosso state: Xingú Park; 3 villages along Culuene river.,bib70,no -1852-location-4,1852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.35, -53.21]]}",,,bib5307,no -1852-location-5,1852,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Upper Xingu area, Upper Kuluene River area, Parque Indigena do Xingu, 75km to the southeast of Posto Leonardo Villas Boas. Cariban, Southern, Upper Xingu, Kalapalo.""}",,,bib1903,no +1852-location-4,1852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.35, -53.21]]}",,,bib5330,no +1852-location-5,1852,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Upper Xingu area, Upper Kuluene River area, Parque Indigena do Xingu, 75km to the southeast of Posto Leonardo Villas Boas. Cariban, Southern, Upper Xingu, Kalapalo.""}",,,bib1915,no 1852-speaker_number-1,1852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,870 (2002 ISA). 450 Kuikúro and 417 Kalapálo,bib67,no 1852-speakers-1,1852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,870 (2002 ISA). 450 Kuikúro and 417 Kalapálo,bib67,no 1852-speaker_number-2,1852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,010 Kuikúro and 500 Kalapálo [kui]; Matipuhy [mzo] no known L1 speakers",bib70,no 1852-speakers-2,1852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,010 Kuikúro and 500 Kalapálo [kui]; Matipuhy [mzo] no known L1 speakers",bib70,no -1852-speaker_number-3,1852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1852-speakers-3,1852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,106"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1852-speaker_number-4,1852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -1852-speakers-4,1852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""417"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~417"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +1852-speaker_number-3,1852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1852-speakers-3,1852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,106"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1852-speaker_number-4,1852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +1852-speakers-4,1852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""417"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~417"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 1852-speaker_number-5,1852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1852-speakers-5,1852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""526"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1852-speaker_number-6,1852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1852-speakers-6,1852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""506 Kalapalo, 509 Kuikuro"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1852-speaker_number-6,1852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1852-speakers-6,1852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""506 Kalapalo, 509 Kuikuro"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1852-LEI-1,1852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1852-vitality-1,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1852-LEI-2,1852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1852-vitality-2,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1852-LEI-3,1852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1852-vitality-3,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1852-LEI-4,1852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1852-vitality-4,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1852-LEI-3,1852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1852-vitality-3,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1852-LEI-4,1852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1852-vitality-4,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1852-LEI-5,1852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1852-vitality-5,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1852-LEI-6,1852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1852-vitality-6,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1853-context-1,1853,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6983,no +1852-LEI-6,1852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1852-vitality-6,1852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1853-context-1,1853,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7007,no 1853-location-1,1853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.8333333333, -65.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1853-location-2,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Central Beni Department, Santa Ana area on the Yacuma River, Santa Ana del Yacuma, Carnavales, Miraflores, San Lorenzo, Carmen de Iruya\u00f1ez, 20 de Enero, Buen D\u00eda, 18 de Noviembre, Bella Flor, Ipimo, Navidad.""}",,"Central Beni Department, Santa Ana area on the Yacuma River, Santa Ana del Yacuma, Carnavales, Miraflores, San Lorenzo, Carmen de Iruyañez, 20 de Enero, Buen Día, 18 de Noviembre, Bella Flor, Ipimo, Navidad.",bib67,no -1853-location-3,1853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.7954, -65.4345]]}",,,bib5307,no -1853-location-4,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Moxos, Bolivia Amazon""]}",,,bib6983,no -1853-location-5,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1903,no -1853-location-6,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia)""]}",,,bib1902,no -1853-location-7,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Yacuma province, Beni department; most speakers live in Santa Ana del Yacuma, some liv e in communities in Ballivián province.",bib3366,yes +1853-location-3,1853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.7954, -65.4345]]}",,,bib5330,no +1853-location-4,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Moxos, Bolivia Amazon""]}",,,bib7007,no +1853-location-5,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1915,no +1853-location-6,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia)""]}",,,bib1914,no +1853-location-7,1853,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Yacuma province, Beni department; most speakers live in Santa Ana del Yacuma, some liv e in communities in Ballivián province.",bib3384,yes 1853-speaker_number-1,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). 1,450 (Adelaar 2004); ethnic population: 6,530 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 1853-speakers-1,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,528"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). 1,450 (Adelaar 2004); ethnic population: 6,530 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -1853-speaker_number-2,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1853-speakers-2,1853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,452"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1853-speaker_number-3,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,all fluent speakers are significantly over fifty years old.,bib1903,no -1853-speakers-3,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,530"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,all fluent speakers are significantly over fifty years old.,bib1903,no +1853-speaker_number-2,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1853-speakers-2,1853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,452"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1853-speaker_number-3,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,all fluent speakers are significantly over fifty years old.,bib1915,no +1853-speakers-3,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,530"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,all fluent speakers are significantly over fifty years old.,bib1915,no 1853-speaker_number-4,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1853-speakers-4,1853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,452"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1853-speaker_number-5,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -1853-speakers-5,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,173"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +1853-speaker_number-5,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +1853-speakers-5,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,173"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 1853-speaker_number-6,1853,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Three quarters of the population are monolinguals in Spanish; less that one fourth are bilingual in Movima and Spanish. -The large part of Movima speakers are adults and elders, while nearly all the children are monolingual in Spanish. (p. 374)",bib3366,yes +The large part of Movima speakers are adults and elders, while nearly all the children are monolingual in Spanish. (p. 374)",bib3384,yes 1853-speakers-6,1853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,516"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,452"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers: 1994 census, ethnic population: 1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Three quarters of the population are monolinguals in Spanish; less that one fourth are bilingual in Movima and Spanish. -The large part of Movima speakers are adults and elders, while nearly all the children are monolingual in Spanish. (p. 374)",bib3366,yes +The large part of Movima speakers are adults and elders, while nearly all the children are monolingual in Spanish. (p. 374)",bib3384,yes 1853-LEI-1,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1853-vitality-1,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1853-LEI-2,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1853-vitality-2,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1853-LEI-3,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1853-vitality-3,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1853-LEI-2,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1853-vitality-2,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1853-LEI-3,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1853-vitality-3,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1853-LEI-4,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1853-vitality-4,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1853-LEI-5,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1853-vitality-5,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1853-LEI-6,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3366,yes -1853-vitality-6,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3366,yes -1854-context-1,1854,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't bo on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7281,yes -1854-context-2,1854,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Strong linguistic awareness"", ""Institutional Support"": ""In Peru, there are some bilingual primary and secondary schools but the classes are generally taught in Spanish""}",,,bib1903,no +1853-LEI-5,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1853-vitality-5,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1853-LEI-6,1853,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3384,yes +1853-vitality-6,1853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3384,yes +1854-context-1,1854,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't bo on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7305,yes +1854-context-2,1854,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Strong linguistic awareness"", ""Institutional Support"": ""In Peru, there are some bilingual primary and secondary schools but the classes are generally taught in Spanish""}",,,bib1915,no 1854-location-1,1854,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.16666666667, -72.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1854-location-2,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Colombia""]}",,"""spoken by between 2,000 and 3,000 people, about 1,000 of whom live in northern Peru"" (p. 1). -In Colombia, about 150 Bora people live on the Ígara-Paraná River and about 100 on the Caquetá River at Mariápolis, Remanso, Santa Isabel, Las Palmas and living in scattered houses"" (p. 1),",bib7281,yes +In Colombia, about 150 Bora people live on the Ígara-Paraná River and about 100 on the Caquetá River at Mariápolis, Remanso, Santa Isabel, Las Palmas and living in scattered houses"" (p. 1),",bib7305,yes 1854-location-3,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib67,no -1854-location-4,1854,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5818, -70.5651]]}",,,bib5307,no -1854-location-5,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: Department of Amazonas, near the mouth of the Cahuinari River, on the Caqueta and Igara-Panara rivers, La Providencia; Peru: northeast, along the Ampiyacu and Yaquasyacu rivers, some along the Maranon near Iquitos and partly along the Putumayo""}",,,bib1903,no -1854-location-6,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the Peruvian-Colombian border, in the basins of the Putumayo, Sum\u00f3n, and Ampiyacu rivers, in the provinces of Mariscal Ram\u00f3n Castilla, Maynas, and San Antonio del Estrecho, in the Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1854-location-4,1854,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5818, -70.5651]]}",,,bib5330,no +1854-location-5,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Peru""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: Department of Amazonas, near the mouth of the Cahuinari River, on the Caqueta and Igara-Panara rivers, La Providencia; Peru: northeast, along the Ampiyacu and Yaquasyacu rivers, some along the Maranon near Iquitos and partly along the Putumayo""}",,,bib1915,no +1854-location-6,1854,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the Peruvian-Colombian border, in the basins of the Putumayo, Sum\u00f3n, and Ampiyacu rivers, in the provinces of Mariscal Ram\u00f3n Castilla, Maynas, and San Antonio del Estrecho, in the Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1854-speaker_number-1,1854,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Spoken by between 2,000 and 3,000 people, about 1,000 of whom live in northern Peru"" (p. 1). ""In Colombia, about 150 Bora people live on the Ígara-Paraná River and about 100 on the Caquetá River at Mariápolis, Remanso, Santa Isabel, Las Palmas and living in scattered houses"" (p. 1). -""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't go on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7281,yes +""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't go on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7305,yes 1854-speakers-1,1854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Spoken by between 2,000 and 3,000 people, about 1,000 of whom live in northern Peru"" (p. 1). ""In Colombia, about 150 Bora people live on the Ígara-Paraná River and about 100 on the Caquetá River at Mariápolis, Remanso, Santa Isabel, Las Palmas and living in scattered houses"" (p. 1). -""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't go on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7281,yes +""Today there are few monolingual Bora speakers ... All those between 50 and 60 years of age are more or less flunet in Spanish for daily needs (although they still prefer to speak Bora). All those under 50 are quite fluent in Spanish."" ""All Bora children now learn Spanish. Some learn Spanish as their first language and don't go on to learn Bora as a second language, while other children do. Many Bora children still learn Bora as their first language and Spanish as a second language ... at present there are still many of all ages speaking it [Bora]."" (p. 5)",bib7305,yes 1854-speaker_number-2,1854,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 2,330 speakers in Peru (2000).",bib67,no 1854-speakers-2,1854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 2,330 speakers in Peru (2000).",bib67,no 1854-speaker_number-3,1854,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No known L1 speakers in Brazil; 100 in Colombia; 750 in Peru.,bib70,no 1854-speakers-3,1854,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,070"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Colombia), 2007 (Peru)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No known L1 speakers in Brazil; 100 in Colombia; 750 in Peru.,bib70,no -1854-speaker_number-4,1854,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1854-speakers-4,1854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1854-speakers-5,1854,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3650""}",,"The speaker number is Colombia isn't known and in Peru there are 2,000 speakers. In Peru, the mean age of the speakers is 20-30.",bib1903,no +1854-speaker_number-4,1854,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1854-speakers-4,1854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1854-speakers-5,1854,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3650""}",,"The speaker number is Colombia isn't known and in Peru there are 2,000 speakers. In Peru, the mean age of the speakers is 20-30.",bib1915,no 1854-speaker_number-6,1854,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1854-speakers-6,1854,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,828"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1854-LEI-1,1854,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7281,yes -1854-transmission-1,1854,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7281,yes -1854-vitality-1,1854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7281,yes +1854-LEI-1,1854,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7305,yes +1854-transmission-1,1854,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7305,yes +1854-vitality-1,1854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7305,yes 1854-LEI-2,1854,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1854-transmission-2,1854,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib67,no 1854-speaker_number_trends-2,1854,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib67,no @@ -15692,80 +15754,80 @@ In Colombia, about 150 Bora people live on the Ígara-Paraná River and about 10 1854-transmission-3,1854,transmission,2,transmission-2,Fewer than 10 children speak it in Colombia. Speakers 20 and older in Peru.,bib70,no 1854-speaker_number_trends-3,1854,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Fewer than 10 children speak it in Colombia. Speakers 20 and older in Peru.,bib70,no 1854-vitality-3,1854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Fewer than 10 children speak it in Colombia. Speakers 20 and older in Peru.,bib70,no -1854-LEI-4,1854,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1854-vitality-4,1854,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1854-LEI-4,1854,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1854-vitality-4,1854,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1854-LEI-5,1854,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1854-vitality-5,1854,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1854-LEI-6,1854,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8124,no -1854-transmission-6,1854,transmission,2,transmission-2,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8124,no -1854-vitality-6,1854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8124,no +1854-LEI-6,1854,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8149,no +1854-transmission-6,1854,transmission,2,transmission-2,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8149,no +1854-vitality-6,1854,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"According to the Ministry of Education (2013), Bora is an endangered language because it is not being transmitted to children.",bib8149,no 1855-context-2,1855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bora, Murui Huitito, Spanish""}",,"Also use Bora [boa], Murui Huitoto [huu], Spanish [spa]. Used as L2 by Resígaro [rgr].",bib70,no -1855-context-3,1855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bora, Witoto, Spanish""}",,,bib1902,no -1855-location-1,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ampiyacu and Putumayo rivers, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1855-context-3,1855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bora, Witoto, Spanish""}",,,bib1914,no +1855-location-1,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ampiyacu and Putumayo rivers, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1855-location-2,1855,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.75, -71.75]]}",,,bib216,no 1855-location-3,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast, Loreto region, Yaguasyacu, Ampuyacu, and Putumayo rivers.""}",,"Northeast, Loreto region, Yaguasyacu, Ampuyacu, and Putumayo rivers.",bib67,no 1855-location-4,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru""]}",,"In Colombia: Amazonas department: upper Igará-Paraná and tributaries. In Peru: Loreto region: Ampuyacu, Putumayo, and Yaguasyacu rivers.",bib70,no 1855-location-5,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"ubicadas principalmente en el interfluvio Caquetá-Putumayo y en la cuenca del río Ampiyacu, afluente del Amazonas, en Colombia y Perú, respectivamente. -[located mainly in the Caquetá-Putumayo interfluvial in Colombia and int the Ampiyacu River Basin in Peru.]",bib2553,yes -1855-location-6,1855,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8552, -71.9824]]}",,,bib5307,no -1855-location-7,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast, along the Yaguasyacu, Ampiyacu, Putumayo and\nAlgodon rivers.\nColombia, on the Igara-Panara and the Lower Putumayo rivers.\nWitotoan, Witoto, Ocaina.""}",,,bib1903,no -1855-location-8,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +[located mainly in the Caquetá-Putumayo interfluvial in Colombia and int the Ampiyacu River Basin in Peru.]",bib2566,yes +1855-location-6,1855,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8552, -71.9824]]}",,,bib5330,no +1855-location-7,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast, along the Yaguasyacu, Ampiyacu, Putumayo and\nAlgodon rivers.\nColombia, on the Igara-Panara and the Lower Putumayo rivers.\nWitotoan, Witoto, Ocaina.""}",,,bib1915,no +1855-location-8,1855,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 1855-speaker_number-1,1855,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,54 in Peru (2000). Population total all countries: 66. Ethnic population: 150 in Peru (2000 W. Adelaar).,bib67,no 1855-speakers-1,1855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,54 in Peru (2000). Population total all countries: 66. Ethnic population: 150 in Peru (2000 W. Adelaar).,bib67,no 1855-speaker_number-2,1855,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,54 in Peru; 140 in Colombia,bib70,no 1855-speakers-2,1855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""194"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (Colombia), 2000 (Peru)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,54 in Peru; 140 in Colombia,bib70,no 1855-speaker_number-3,1855,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"El ocaina es una lengua seriamente amenazada de extinción. Efectivamente, solo queda una cincuentena de hablantes fluidos de la generación de los abuelos y aproximadamente, otros cincuenta adultos entre los 35 y 45 años que poseen algún tipo de competencia para la comprensión y pasiva para la expresión. Por tal razón, esta lengua ya no es transmitida a los niños y ha sido desplazada por el castellano, que es hoy la lengua primera de las jóvenes generaciones. Uno de los últimos bastiones de esta lengua es el ámbito ritual y ceremonial (p.88). -[Ocaina is a seriously endangered language. Indeed, there is only fifty fluent speakers of the grandparents generation and about fifty adults between 35 and 45 who have some competence for passive understanding and for expression. For this reason, this language is no longer transmitted to children and has been displaced by the Spanish, which today is the first language of the younger generation. One of the last bastions of this language is the ritual and ceremonial area.]",bib2553,yes +[Ocaina is a seriously endangered language. Indeed, there is only fifty fluent speakers of the grandparents generation and about fifty adults between 35 and 45 who have some competence for passive understanding and for expression. For this reason, this language is no longer transmitted to children and has been displaced by the Spanish, which today is the first language of the younger generation. One of the last bastions of this language is the ritual and ceremonial area.]",bib2566,yes 1855-speakers-3,1855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~50""}",,"El ocaina es una lengua seriamente amenazada de extinción. Efectivamente, solo queda una cincuentena de hablantes fluidos de la generación de los abuelos y aproximadamente, otros cincuenta adultos entre los 35 y 45 años que poseen algún tipo de competencia para la comprensión y pasiva para la expresión. Por tal razón, esta lengua ya no es transmitida a los niños y ha sido desplazada por el castellano, que es hoy la lengua primera de las jóvenes generaciones. Uno de los últimos bastiones de esta lengua es el ámbito ritual y ceremonial (p.88). -[Ocaina is a seriously endangered language. Indeed, there is only fifty fluent speakers of the grandparents generation and about fifty adults between 35 and 45 who have some competence for passive understanding and for expression. For this reason, this language is no longer transmitted to children and has been displaced by the Spanish, which today is the first language of the younger generation. One of the last bastions of this language is the ritual and ceremonial area.]",bib2553,yes -1855-speaker_number-4,1855,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1855-speakers-4,1855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1855-speaker_number-5,1855,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Ocaina speakers have been switching to Bora, Witoto and Spanish.",bib1903,no -1855-speakers-5,1855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Ocaina speakers have been switching to Bora, Witoto and Spanish.",bib1903,no +[Ocaina is a seriously endangered language. Indeed, there is only fifty fluent speakers of the grandparents generation and about fifty adults between 35 and 45 who have some competence for passive understanding and for expression. For this reason, this language is no longer transmitted to children and has been displaced by the Spanish, which today is the first language of the younger generation. One of the last bastions of this language is the ritual and ceremonial area.]",bib2566,yes +1855-speaker_number-4,1855,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1855-speakers-4,1855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1855-speaker_number-5,1855,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Ocaina speakers have been switching to Bora, Witoto and Spanish.",bib1915,no +1855-speakers-5,1855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Ocaina speakers have been switching to Bora, Witoto and Spanish.",bib1915,no 1855-speaker_number-6,1855,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1855-speakers-6,1855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1855-speaker_number-7,1855,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The are 137 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia and 50 speakers out of an ethnic population of 150 people in Peru.,bib1902,no -1855-speakers-7,1855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""287"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The are 137 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia and 50 speakers out of an ethnic population of 150 people in Peru.,bib1902,no +1855-speaker_number-7,1855,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The are 137 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia and 50 speakers out of an ethnic population of 150 people in Peru.,bib1914,no +1855-speakers-7,1855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""287"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The are 137 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia and 50 speakers out of an ethnic population of 150 people in Peru.,bib1914,no 1855-LEI-1,1855,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1855-vitality-1,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1855-LEI-2,1855,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1855-vitality-2,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1855-LEI-3,1855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2553,yes -1855-transmission-3,1855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2553,yes -1855-domains_of_use-3,1855,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2553,yes -1855-speaker_number_trends-3,1855,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2553,yes -1855-vitality-3,1855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2553,yes -1855-LEI-4,1855,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1855-vitality-4,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1855-LEI-5,1855,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1855-vitality-5,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1855-LEI-3,1855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2566,yes +1855-transmission-3,1855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2566,yes +1855-domains_of_use-3,1855,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2566,yes +1855-speaker_number_trends-3,1855,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2566,yes +1855-vitality-3,1855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2566,yes +1855-LEI-4,1855,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1855-vitality-4,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1855-LEI-5,1855,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1855-vitality-5,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1855-LEI-6,1855,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1855-vitality-6,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1855-LEI-7,1855,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1855-vitality-7,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -1856-context-1,1856,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is the most prestegious language and is used as the language of wider communication. It is also used in church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Manggarai, other local languages"", ""Government Support"": ""No support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community generally speaks Indonesian and Manggarai""}",,Most Ronggan speaker are multilingual. Indonesian and Manggarai are used as the languages of instruction in schools.,bib548,no -1856-location-1,1856,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.819653, 120.748592]]}",,,bib7945,no -1856-location-2,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Flores Island, Indonesia""]}",,,bib547,no -1856-location-3,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages in the southern part of the East Manggarai Regency. Along the border between Manggarai and Ngadha on the Island of Flores"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.821, 120.797]]}",,,bib548,no -1856-location-4,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the eastern part ofthe Manggarai regency, between Manggarai and Ngadha, Flores island, Indonesia.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the villages of\nTanarata, Bamo, and Watunggene, Kota Komba sub-district, in the regency of West Flores or Manggarai.""}",,,bib546,yes -1856-speaker_number-1,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib547,no -1856-speakers-1,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib547,no -1856-speaker_number-2,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib548,no -1856-speakers-2,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib548,no -1856-speaker_number-3,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib546,yes -1856-speakers-3,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib546,yes +1855-LEI-7,1855,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1855-vitality-7,1855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +1856-context-1,1856,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is the most prestegious language and is used as the language of wider communication. It is also used in church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Manggarai, other local languages"", ""Government Support"": ""No support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community generally speaks Indonesian and Manggarai""}",,Most Ronggan speaker are multilingual. Indonesian and Manggarai are used as the languages of instruction in schools.,bib551,no +1856-location-1,1856,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.819653, 120.748592]]}",,,bib7970,no +1856-location-2,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Flores Island, Indonesia""]}",,,bib550,no +1856-location-3,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages in the southern part of the East Manggarai Regency. Along the border between Manggarai and Ngadha on the Island of Flores"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.821, 120.797]]}",,,bib551,no +1856-location-4,1856,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the eastern part ofthe Manggarai regency, between Manggarai and Ngadha, Flores island, Indonesia.""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the villages of\nTanarata, Bamo, and Watunggene, Kota Komba sub-district, in the regency of West Flores or Manggarai.""}",,,bib549,yes +1856-speaker_number-1,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib550,no +1856-speakers-1,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib550,no +1856-speaker_number-2,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib551,no +1856-speakers-2,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib551,no +1856-speaker_number-3,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib549,yes +1856-speakers-3,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib549,yes 1856-speaker_number-4,1856,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1856-speakers-4,1856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1856-LEI-1,1856,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib547,no -1856-vitality-1,1856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib547,no -1856-LEI-2,1856,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib548,no -1856-domains_of_use-2,1856,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib548,no -1856-vitality-2,1856,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib548,no +1856-LEI-1,1856,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib550,no +1856-vitality-1,1856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib550,no +1856-LEI-2,1856,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib551,no +1856-domains_of_use-2,1856,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib551,no +1856-vitality-2,1856,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib551,no 1856-LEI-3,1856,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Community-internal and community-external factors for language maintenance or loyalty disadvantage Rongga. The following combined factors impose heavy pressure on Rongga: a negative attitude towards their language, the small size of the population, unstable @@ -15776,7 +15838,7 @@ politics)."" interior territories, e.g. the southern part of the village of Bamo, but it is endangered in other parts,such asin Tanarata. The prospect of itssurvival appearsto be quite faintsince even Rongga in the interior parts is now under serious threat due to the opening of a big -new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib546,yes +new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib549,yes 1856-transmission-3,1856,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Community-internal and community-external factors for language maintenance or loyalty disadvantage Rongga. The following combined factors impose heavy pressure on Rongga: a negative attitude towards their language, the small size of the population, unstable @@ -15787,7 +15849,7 @@ politics)."" interior territories, e.g. the southern part of the village of Bamo, but it is endangered in other parts,such asin Tanarata. The prospect of itssurvival appearsto be quite faintsince even Rongga in the interior parts is now under serious threat due to the opening of a big -new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib546,yes +new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib549,yes 1856-speaker_number_trends-3,1856,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Community-internal and community-external factors for language maintenance or loyalty disadvantage Rongga. The following combined factors impose heavy pressure on Rongga: a negative attitude towards their language, the small size of the population, unstable @@ -15798,7 +15860,7 @@ politics)."" interior territories, e.g. the southern part of the village of Bamo, but it is endangered in other parts,such asin Tanarata. The prospect of itssurvival appearsto be quite faintsince even Rongga in the interior parts is now under serious threat due to the opening of a big -new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib546,yes +new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib549,yes 1856-vitality-3,1856,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Community-internal and community-external factors for language maintenance or loyalty disadvantage Rongga. The following combined factors impose heavy pressure on Rongga: a negative attitude towards their language, the small size of the population, unstable @@ -15809,139 +15871,139 @@ politics)."" interior territories, e.g. the southern part of the village of Bamo, but it is endangered in other parts,such asin Tanarata. The prospect of itssurvival appearsto be quite faintsince even Rongga in the interior parts is now under serious threat due to the opening of a big -new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib546,yes +new road and also an upgrade of the existing ones for a mining project.",bib549,yes 1856-LEI-4,1856,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1856-vitality-4,1856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1857-context-1,1857,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most; there are some older monolinguals""}",,"The Karko consider themselves to speak Arabic well, while the elders know Karko at a deeper level. Other than Arabic and Karko, they do not consider themselves able to speak any other language well. Some of them understand Ama and/or Mandal. There are older Karko people who do not speak any language other than Karko... The older people tend to use Karko as their only language of communication. Young people are reportedly proud of the Karko language, yet there are many Karko people who only understand the language without being able to speak it... When asked what language the future generation of children will be speaking, the respondents indicated that they think it will be Arabic, but an older lady said that she wants the children to use Karko. Another person commented that he thinks it is important -to continue speaking Karko 'because in years to come, they will forget their dialect and so it is good for them to know it.'",bib4345,yes -1857-location-1,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.055437, 29.409943]]}",,,bib3816,no -1857-location-2,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Nuba mountains, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.931389, 29.442778]]}",,,bib2156,no +to continue speaking Karko 'because in years to come, they will forget their dialect and so it is good for them to know it.'",bib4366,yes +1857-location-1,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.055437, 29.409943]]}",,,bib3835,no +1857-location-2,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Nuba mountains, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.931389, 29.442778]]}",,,bib2169,no 1857-location-3,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -1857-location-4,1857,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.964, 29.4186]]}",,,bib5307,no -1857-location-5,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Speakers live in the Karko Hills 20 miles west of Dilling, including Dulman...The term 'Karko' (when referring to a speech variety) will be used for the variety spoken in the village of Karko."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.860631, 29.504951]]}",,,bib4345,yes -1857-speakers-1,1857,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,986"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3816,no +1857-location-4,1857,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.964, 29.4186]]}",,,bib5330,no +1857-location-5,1857,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Speakers live in the Karko Hills 20 miles west of Dilling, including Dulman...The term 'Karko' (when referring to a speech variety) will be used for the variety spoken in the village of Karko."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.860631, 29.504951]]}",,,bib4366,yes +1857-speakers-1,1857,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,986"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3835,no 1857-speaker_number-3,1857,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,no 1857-speakers-3,1857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,no -1857-speaker_number-4,1857,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1857-speakers-4,1857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1857-speaker_number-4,1857,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1857-speakers-4,1857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1857-speaker_number-5,1857,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1857-speakers-5,1857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1857-speaker_number-6,1857,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are reportedly 8,000 people living in Karko. However, not all of these are speaking Karko. The Karko speakers call themselves either Karko or Kakenbi, but they may be called Karme by the Ama. In addition, some Katla people who understand some -of the Karko language are living in the village of Karko.",bib4345,yes +of the Karko language are living in the village of Karko.",bib4366,yes 1857-speakers-6,1857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are reportedly 8,000 people living in Karko. However, not all of these are speaking Karko. The Karko speakers call themselves either Karko or Kakenbi, but they may be called Karme by the Ama. In addition, some Katla people who understand some -of the Karko language are living in the village of Karko.",bib4345,yes +of the Karko language are living in the village of Karko.",bib4366,yes 1857-LEI-1,1857,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1857-vitality-1,1857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1857-LEI-2,1857,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1857-vitality-2,1857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1857-LEI-2,1857,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1857-vitality-2,1857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1857-LEI-3,1857,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1857-vitality-3,1857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1857-LEI-4,1857,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4345,yes -1857-transmission-4,1857,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4345,yes -1857-domains_of_use-4,1857,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4345,yes -1857-vitality-4,1857,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4345,yes -1858-location-1,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru,""]}",,,bib7887,yes -1858-location-2,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Putumayo, Napo, and Amazonas, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1857-LEI-4,1857,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4366,yes +1857-transmission-4,1857,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4366,yes +1857-domains_of_use-4,1857,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4366,yes +1857-vitality-4,1857,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The people in Karko are not using the Karko language in all domains. Children playing together, young people, and men mostly speak Arabic. Women and people working together use both Arabic and Karko. When people from Karko meet each other in a nearby town, they tend to use Arabic. Children first learn Arabic, although they hear Karko. During the surveyor’s visit, an adult asked a child in the group something in Karko, and she said she understood but could not repeat it. Karko is not heard on the radio. It is used in development meetings, but Arabic is also used. Both Arabic and Karko are used by the people of the village with their families, friends in the village, and at the market. Karko is used with village leaders, but it is not considered to be 'pure' because it is mixed with Arabic. Karko is used at funerals, social gatherings, and when singing traditional songs... Karko may be undergoing language shift to Arabic and may not remain a viable language.",bib4366,yes +1858-location-1,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru,""]}",,,bib7912,yes +1858-location-2,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Putumayo, Napo, and Amazonas, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1858-location-3,1858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -73.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1858-location-4,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Loreto Region, Ampiyacu, Putumayo, and Napo rivers; north of Amazon river between Iquitos, Peru and Leticia, Colombia south, Caquetá River north.",bib67,no -1858-location-5,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Peru, northeast, along the Napo, Ampiyacu, and Putumayo\nrivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +1858-location-5,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Peru, northeast, along the Napo, Ampiyacu, and Putumayo\nrivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 1858-location-6,1858,location,"{""Places"": [""Loreto Region, Ampiyacu, Putumayo, and Napo rivers"", ""north of Amazon river between Iquitos, Peru and Leticia, Colombia south, Caquet\u00e1 river north.""]}",,,bib233,no -1858-speaker_number-1,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7887,yes -1858-speakers-1,1858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7887,yes +1858-speaker_number-1,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7912,yes +1858-speakers-1,1858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7912,yes 1858-speaker_number-2,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Peru, decreasing. Very few monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1858-speakers-2,1858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Peru, decreasing. Very few monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1858-speaker_number-3,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1858-speakers-3,1858,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1858-speaker_number-3,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1858-speakers-3,1858,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1858-speaker_number-4,1858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1858-speakers-4,1858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1858-LEI-1,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7887,yes -1858-vitality-1,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7887,yes +1858-LEI-1,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7912,yes +1858-vitality-1,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7912,yes 1858-LEI-2,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1858-vitality-2,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1858-LEI-3,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is a bilingual program in two or three schools on the Ampiyacu River. Children do acquire the language but many don't use it.,bib1903,no -1858-vitality-3,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There is a bilingual program in two or three schools on the Ampiyacu River. Children do acquire the language but many don't use it.,bib1903,no +1858-LEI-3,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is a bilingual program in two or three schools on the Ampiyacu River. Children do acquire the language but many don't use it.,bib1915,no +1858-vitality-3,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There is a bilingual program in two or three schools on the Ampiyacu River. Children do acquire the language but many don't use it.,bib1915,no 1858-LEI-4,1858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1858-vitality-4,1858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1859-location-1,1859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.426389, -71.993611]]}",,,bib6691,no -1859-location-2,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1859-location-1,1859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.426389, -71.993611]]}",,,bib6715,no +1859-location-2,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1859-location-3,1859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.41666666667, -71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1859-location-4,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib67,no -1859-location-5,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the northeastern Bora and Ocaina communities Puerto Isago and Brillo Nuevo.""}",,,bib1903,no -1859-location-6,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru (formerly Colombia)""]}",,,bib1902,no -1859-speaker_number-1,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Resígaro is spoken today by only two fully fluent speakers who live in the Ocaina village of Nueva Esperanza, Ampiyacu River, Loreto, northeastern Peru, at 3 0 25'35 South and 71 0 59'37 West.",bib6691,no -1859-speakers-1,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Resígaro is spoken today by only two fully fluent speakers who live in the Ocaina village of Nueva Esperanza, Ampiyacu River, Loreto, northeastern Peru, at 3 0 25'35 South and 71 0 59'37 West.",bib6691,no +1859-location-5,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the northeastern Bora and Ocaina communities Puerto Isago and Brillo Nuevo.""}",,,bib1915,no +1859-location-6,1859,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru (formerly Colombia)""]}",,,bib1914,no +1859-speaker_number-1,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Resígaro is spoken today by only two fully fluent speakers who live in the Ocaina village of Nueva Esperanza, Ampiyacu River, Loreto, northeastern Peru, at 3 0 25'35 South and 71 0 59'37 West.",bib6715,no +1859-speakers-1,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Resígaro is spoken today by only two fully fluent speakers who live in the Ocaina village of Nueva Esperanza, Ampiyacu River, Loreto, northeastern Peru, at 3 0 25'35 South and 71 0 59'37 West.",bib6715,no 1859-speaker_number-2,1859,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 1859-speakers-2,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -1859-speaker_number-3,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In response to recent reports on the murder of the last woman speaker of Resígaro, Rosa Andrade, Dr. Seifart has confirmed that her brother, Pablo Andrade, is the last fully fluent speaker of Resígaro.",bib6693,yes -1859-speakers-3,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In response to recent reports on the murder of the last woman speaker of Resígaro, Rosa Andrade, Dr. Seifart has confirmed that her brother, Pablo Andrade, is the last fully fluent speaker of Resígaro.",bib6693,yes -1859-speaker_number-4,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6983,no -1859-speakers-4,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6983,no -1859-speaker_number-5,1859,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Resygaro group seems to have dissolved within the Bora and Ocaina communities in which they settled.,bib1903,no -1859-speakers-5,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Resygaro group seems to have dissolved within the Bora and Ocaina communities in which they settled.,bib1903,no +1859-speaker_number-3,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In response to recent reports on the murder of the last woman speaker of Resígaro, Rosa Andrade, Dr. Seifart has confirmed that her brother, Pablo Andrade, is the last fully fluent speaker of Resígaro.",bib6717,yes +1859-speakers-3,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In response to recent reports on the murder of the last woman speaker of Resígaro, Rosa Andrade, Dr. Seifart has confirmed that her brother, Pablo Andrade, is the last fully fluent speaker of Resígaro.",bib6717,yes +1859-speaker_number-4,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7007,no +1859-speakers-4,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7007,no +1859-speaker_number-5,1859,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Resygaro group seems to have dissolved within the Bora and Ocaina communities in which they settled.,bib1915,no +1859-speakers-5,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Resygaro group seems to have dissolved within the Bora and Ocaina communities in which they settled.,bib1915,no 1859-speaker_number-6,1859,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1859-speakers-6,1859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1859-speaker_number-7,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -1859-speakers-7,1859,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -1859-LEI-1,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6691,no -1859-vitality-1,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6691,no +1859-speaker_number-7,1859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +1859-speakers-7,1859,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +1859-LEI-1,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6715,no +1859-vitality-1,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6715,no 1859-LEI-2,1859,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1859-vitality-2,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1859-LEI-3,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6693,yes -1859-vitality-3,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6693,yes -1859-LEI-4,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -1859-vitality-4,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -1859-LEI-5,1859,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1859-vitality-5,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1859-LEI-3,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6717,yes +1859-vitality-3,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6717,yes +1859-LEI-4,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +1859-vitality-4,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +1859-LEI-5,1859,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1859-vitality-5,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1859-LEI-6,1859,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1859-vitality-6,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1859-LEI-7,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1859-vitality-7,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1859-LEI-7,1859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1859-vitality-7,1859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1860-location-1,1860,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.0, 94.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1860-location-2,1860,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -1860-location-3,1860,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9777, 94.5922]]}",,,bib5307,no -1860-location-4,1860,location,"{""Places"": [""Nagaland, India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 94.2025]]}",,,bib7249,yes +1860-location-3,1860,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9777, 94.5922]]}",,,bib5330,no +1860-location-4,1860,location,"{""Places"": [""Nagaland, India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 94.2025]]}",,,bib7273,yes 1860-speaker_number-1,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"242,000 (2001 census)",bib67,no 1860-speakers-1,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"242,000 (2001 census)",bib67,no -1860-speaker_number-2,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -1860-speakers-2,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""104,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +1860-speaker_number-2,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +1860-speakers-2,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""104,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 1860-speaker_number-3,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 1860-speakers-3,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -1860-speaker_number-4,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7249,yes -1860-speakers-4,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7249,yes +1860-speaker_number-4,1860,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7273,yes +1860-speakers-4,1860,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7273,yes 1860-LEI-2,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1860-vitality-2,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1860-LEI-3,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1860-vitality-3,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1860-LEI-3,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1860-vitality-3,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1860-LEI-4,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1860-vitality-4,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1860-LEI-5,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7249,yes -1860-vitality-5,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7249,yes -1862-context-1,1862,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1444,no +1860-LEI-5,1860,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7273,yes +1860-vitality-5,1860,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7273,yes +1862-context-1,1862,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1456,no 1862-location-1,1862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.0833333333, -123.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1862-location-2,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Hoopa Valley, northern California""}",,,bib1444,no +1862-location-2,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Hoopa Valley, northern California""}",,,bib1456,no 1862-location-3,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Northwest California, Hoopa Valley Reservation.""}",,,bib67,yes -1862-location-4,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7624, -123.7028]]}",,,bib5307,no +1862-location-4,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7624, -123.7028]]}",,,bib5330,no 1862-location-5,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.0982, -123.68]]}",,,bib75,no -1862-location-6,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5217,no -1862-location-7,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7624, -123.7028]]}",,,bib1709,no -1862-speaker_number-1,1862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1444,no -1862-speakers-1,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1444,no +1862-location-6,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5240,no +1862-location-7,1862,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7624, -123.7028]]}",,,bib1721,no +1862-speaker_number-1,1862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1456,no +1862-speakers-1,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1456,no 1862-speaker_number-2,1862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"8 (1998 J. Brook), decreasing. Ethnic population: 223 (2000 census). (Unchanaged 2016.)",bib67,yes 1862-speakers-2,1862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""223"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"8 (1998 J. Brook), decreasing. Ethnic population: 223 (2000 census). (Unchanaged 2016.)",bib67,yes -1862-speaker_number-3,1862,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1862-speakers-3,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1862-speaker_number-4,1862,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than 12 fluent first-language speakers, all elderly.",bib5217,no -1862-speakers-4,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than 12 fluent first-language speakers, all elderly.",bib5217,no +1862-speaker_number-3,1862,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1862-speakers-3,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1862-speaker_number-4,1862,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than 12 fluent first-language speakers, all elderly.",bib5240,no +1862-speakers-4,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than 12 fluent first-language speakers, all elderly.",bib5240,no 1862-speaker_number-5,1862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1862-speakers-5,1862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1862-LEI-1,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1444,no -1862-transmission-1,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1444,no -1862-speaker_number_trends-1,1862,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1444,no -1862-vitality-1,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1444,no +1862-LEI-1,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1456,no +1862-transmission-1,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1456,no +1862-speaker_number_trends-1,1862,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1456,no +1862-vitality-1,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1456,no 1862-LEI-2,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"decreasing. Older adults only.",bib67,yes @@ -15954,205 +16016,205 @@ Older adults only.",bib67,yes 1862-vitality-2,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"decreasing. Older adults only.",bib67,yes -1862-LEI-3,1862,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1862-vitality-3,1862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1862-LEI-4,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1862-transmission-4,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1862-speaker_number_trends-4,1862,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1862-vitality-4,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1862-LEI-5,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -1862-transmission-5,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,no -1862-vitality-5,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1709,no +1862-LEI-3,1862,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1862-vitality-3,1862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1862-LEI-4,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1862-transmission-4,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1862-speaker_number_trends-4,1862,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1862-vitality-4,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1862-LEI-5,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +1862-transmission-5,1862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,no +1862-vitality-5,1862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1721,no 1862-LEI-6,1862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1862-vitality-6,1862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1863-location-1,1863,location,"{""Places"": [""Guernsey, Channel Islands""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.433333, -2.583333]]}",,,bib6472,yes -1863-location-2,1863,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.4502, -2.5927]]}",,,bib5307,no -1863-speaker_number-1,1863,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6472,yes -1863-speakers-1,1863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6472,yes -1863-speaker_number-2,1863,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1863-speakers-2,1863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1327"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1863-LEI-1,1863,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6472,yes -1863-vitality-1,1863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6472,yes -1863-LEI-2,1863,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1863-vitality-2,1863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1864-context-1,1864,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nheengatu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1903,no +1863-location-1,1863,location,"{""Places"": [""Guernsey, Channel Islands""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.433333, -2.583333]]}",,,bib6496,yes +1863-location-2,1863,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.4502, -2.5927]]}",,,bib5330,no +1863-speaker_number-1,1863,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6496,yes +1863-speakers-1,1863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6496,yes +1863-speaker_number-2,1863,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1863-speakers-2,1863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1327"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1863-LEI-1,1863,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6496,yes +1863-vitality-1,1863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6496,yes +1863-LEI-2,1863,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1863-vitality-2,1863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1864-context-1,1864,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nheengatu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1915,no 1864-location-1,1864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1864-location-2,1864,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Extreme southwest at Colombia border, Amazonas, along the upper R\u00edo Negro from Brazil-Venezuela border to Casiquiare Canal, Maroa.""}",,"Extreme southwest at Colombia border, Amazonas, along the upper Río Negro from Brazil-Venezuela border to Casiquiare Canal, Maroa.",bib67,no 1864-location-3,1864,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""]}",,"In Venezuela: Amazonas state: Maroa town; upper Río Negro from Brazil-Venezuela border to Casiquiare Canal, extreme southwest at Colombia border. In Brazil: Amazonas state: Xié River area.",bib70,yes -1864-location-4,1864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.428, -66.9287]]}",,,bib5307,no -1864-location-5,1864,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Northwestern Amazonas State"", ""Venezuela Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: Northwestern Amazonas State, Xie river area, Terra Indigena Alto Rio NEgro, Terra Indigena Marabitanas/Cue Cue, Terra Indigena Medio Rio Negro I and II, Terra Indigena Rio Tea; Venezuela Amazonas State, in Carlos de Rio Negro and Santa Rosa de Amanadona along the Rio Negro, in Solano on the mouth of the Pasimoni River along the Cano Casiquiare""}",,,bib1903,no +1864-location-4,1864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.428, -66.9287]]}",,,bib5330,no +1864-location-5,1864,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Northwestern Amazonas State"", ""Venezuela Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: Northwestern Amazonas State, Xie river area, Terra Indigena Alto Rio NEgro, Terra Indigena Marabitanas/Cue Cue, Terra Indigena Medio Rio Negro I and II, Terra Indigena Rio Tea; Venezuela Amazonas State, in Carlos de Rio Negro and Santa Rosa de Amanadona along the Rio Negro, in Solano on the mouth of the Pasimoni River along the Cano Casiquiare""}",,,bib1915,no 1864-location-6,1864,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Extreme southwest at Colombia border, Amazonas, along the upper Río Negro from Brazil-Venezuela border to Casiquiare Canal, Maroa.",bib68,no 1864-speakers-1,1864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~238"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975""}",,"No known speakers. The ethnic population is ""perhaps 238"" (Gaceta Indigenista 1975). 240 in Venezuela (2011 W. Largo). Ethnic population: 2,790 (1998) (2013).",bib67,no 1864-speaker_number-2,1864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,yes 1864-speakers-2,1864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2790"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""249"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 speakers; 1998 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,yes -1864-speaker_number-3,1864,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1864-speakers-3,1864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1864-speaker_number-4,1864,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1864-speakers-4,1864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4010"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +1864-speaker_number-3,1864,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1864-speakers-3,1864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1864-speaker_number-4,1864,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1864-speakers-4,1864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4010"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 1864-speaker_number-5,1864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"240 in Venezuela (2011 W. Largo). Ethnic population: 2,790 (1998). Nearly extinct.",bib68,no 1864-speakers-5,1864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2790"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2011, ethnic population 1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"240 in Venezuela (2011 W. Largo). Ethnic population: 2,790 (1998). Nearly extinct.",bib68,no 1864-LEI-1,1864,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 1864-vitality-1,1864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 1864-LEI-2,1864,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 1864-vitality-2,1864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -1864-LEI-3,1864,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1864-vitality-3,1864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1864-LEI-4,1864,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1864-transmission-4,1864,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -1864-speaker_number_trends-4,1864,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -1864-vitality-4,1864,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,no +1864-LEI-3,1864,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1864-vitality-3,1864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1864-LEI-4,1864,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1864-transmission-4,1864,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +1864-speaker_number_trends-4,1864,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +1864-vitality-4,1864,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,no 1864-LEI-5,1864,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct.,bib68,no 1864-transmission-5,1864,transmission,5,transmission-5,Nearly extinct.,bib68,no 1864-speaker_number_trends-5,1864,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Nearly extinct.,bib68,no 1864-vitality-5,1864,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Nearly extinct.,bib68,no -1865-context-1,1865,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Catholic mission schools"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speak some English; few speak other languages""}",,The Catholic mission which provides education in the form of a primary school and a secondary school plays a very positive role in the maintenance of the language and culture of Kona. [...] Inhabitants are rather proud of their origin [and] consciousness of preserving and maintaining the language and cultural heritage is high and in many cases the means of doing so are available.,bib7056,no +1865-context-1,1865,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Catholic mission schools"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speak some English; few speak other languages""}",,The Catholic mission which provides education in the form of a primary school and a secondary school plays a very positive role in the maintenance of the language and culture of Kona. [...] Inhabitants are rather proud of their origin [and] consciousness of preserving and maintaining the language and cultural heritage is high and in many cases the means of doing so are available.,bib7080,no 1865-location-1,1865,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -1865-location-2,1865,location,"{""Places"": [""Kona, Andamin and Jukon""], ""Description"": ""\""Es wird in Kona, ca. 9 km n\u00f6rdlich von Jalingo, und den es umgebenen Weilern gesprochen, au\u00dferdem n\u00f6rdlich des Benue in Andamin und Jukon, wohin die Jib\u0259 nach der Zerst\u00f6rung Konas Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts zum Teil migriert sind.\u00c4""}",,,bib7054,no -1865-location-3,1865,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0587, 11.2829]]}",,,bib5307,no -1865-speaker_number-1,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7056,no -1865-speakers-1,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7056,no +1865-location-2,1865,location,"{""Places"": [""Kona, Andamin and Jukon""], ""Description"": ""\""Es wird in Kona, ca. 9 km n\u00f6rdlich von Jalingo, und den es umgebenen Weilern gesprochen, au\u00dferdem n\u00f6rdlich des Benue in Andamin und Jukon, wohin die Jib\u0259 nach der Zerst\u00f6rung Konas Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts zum Teil migriert sind.\u00c4""}",,,bib7078,no +1865-location-3,1865,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0587, 11.2829]]}",,,bib5330,no +1865-speaker_number-1,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7080,no +1865-speakers-1,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7080,no 1865-speaker_number-2,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,no 1865-speakers-2,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,no -1865-speaker_number-3,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1865-speakers-3,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1865-speaker_number-4,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7057,yes -1865-speakers-4,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7057,yes +1865-speaker_number-3,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1865-speakers-3,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1865-speaker_number-4,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7081,yes +1865-speakers-4,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7081,yes 1865-speaker_number-5,1865,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1865-speakers-5,1865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1865-LEI-1,1865,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7056,no -1865-transmission-1,1865,transmission,0,transmission-0,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7056,no -1865-speaker_number_trends-1,1865,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7056,no -1865-vitality-1,1865,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7056,no +1865-LEI-1,1865,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7080,no +1865-transmission-1,1865,transmission,0,transmission-0,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7080,no +1865-speaker_number_trends-1,1865,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7080,no +1865-vitality-1,1865,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"As even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline, the language does not seem to be threatened by extinction, at least not in Kona.",bib7080,no 1865-LEI-2,1865,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1865-vitality-2,1865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1865-LEI-3,1865,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1865-vitality-3,1865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1865-LEI-4,1865,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7057,yes -1865-speaker_number_trends-4,1865,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7057,yes -1865-vitality-4,1865,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7057,yes +1865-LEI-3,1865,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1865-vitality-3,1865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1865-LEI-4,1865,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7081,yes +1865-speaker_number_trends-4,1865,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7081,yes +1865-vitality-4,1865,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7081,yes 1865-LEI-5,1865,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1865-vitality-5,1865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1885-context-1,1885,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalanga"", ""Government Support"": ""Zimbabwe Education 1987 Act""}",,"Although the Zimbabwe Education 1987 Act (as amended in 199) in Section 55 of X1 has provisions for the teaching of minority languages in areas where they exist, very little is actually being done. Furthermore, in Zimbabwe, there is very limited electronic broadcasting and print media which is being done in Nambya.",bib4005,no -1885-context-2,1885,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, with children, by the chief, kgotla, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, prayer, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, Kalanga, English, Kgalagari, Mbukushu, Ndebele, Kuhane, Yeyi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Multilingualism is common in the Boteti region. Of those interviewed… less than one tenth said they spoke only one language.,bib3357,yes +1885-context-1,1885,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalanga"", ""Government Support"": ""Zimbabwe Education 1987 Act""}",,"Although the Zimbabwe Education 1987 Act (as amended in 199) in Section 55 of X1 has provisions for the teaching of minority languages in areas where they exist, very little is actually being done. Furthermore, in Zimbabwe, there is very limited electronic broadcasting and print media which is being done in Nambya.",bib4025,no +1885-context-2,1885,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, with children, by the chief, kgotla, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, prayer, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, Kalanga, English, Kgalagari, Mbukushu, Ndebele, Kuhane, Yeyi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Multilingualism is common in the Boteti region. Of those interviewed… less than one tenth said they spoke only one language.,bib3374,yes 1885-context-3,1885,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tonga, Ndebele, Lozi"", ""Government Support"": ""Official minority language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Liturgical booklets, dictionary""}",,"Although it was decreed that Nambya should be the language to be used as the medium of instruction in Hwange district, this decree met with immense difficulties regarding its implementation."" ""...[T]he language has very few published materials in it, whether it be literature- or language-related."" ""Although provision was made [in Zimbabwe] to broadcast Nambya on radio alongside the other official minority languages, this provision has not been utilised yet."" -""...Nambya is supposed to be an official minority language [in Zimbabwe].",bib3204,no +""...Nambya is supposed to be an official minority language [in Zimbabwe].",bib3219,no 1885-context-4,1885,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndebele, Dombe, Tonga, Shona, English""}",,"Also use Ndebele, Dombe [dov], Tonga [toi], Shona [sna], or English.",bib67,no -1885-location-1,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Matabeleland North, Hwange District""}",,,bib4005,no -1885-location-2,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Tutume, Boteti, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia; Zimbabwe""}",,Nambya is also spoken in Gweta of the Tutume Subdistrict and in a few villages of the Northwest District [of Botswana].,bib3357,yes -1885-location-3,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Hwange district, Matabeleland North Province, Zimbabwe. Villages of Nemananga, Chikandakubi, Mbizha, Jambezi, Nekabandama, Nekatambe, Makwandala, Silewu, Lupote, Mabale."", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.344098, 26.459713]]}",,,bib3204,no +1885-location-1,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Matabeleland North, Hwange District""}",,,bib4025,no +1885-location-2,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Tutume, Boteti, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia; Zimbabwe""}",,Nambya is also spoken in Gweta of the Tutume Subdistrict and in a few villages of the Northwest District [of Botswana].,bib3374,yes +1885-location-3,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Hwange district, Matabeleland North Province, Zimbabwe. Villages of Nemananga, Chikandakubi, Mbizha, Jambezi, Nekabandama, Nekatambe, Makwandala, Silewu, Lupote, Mabale."", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.344098, 26.459713]]}",,,bib3219,no 1885-location-4,1885,location,"{""Places"": [""Zimbabwe, Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Matabeleland North, primarily Hwange District; Lupane and Binga districts; Bulawayo. Also in Botswana."", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.363649, 26.502354], [-18.933405, 27.766865], [-17.622918, 27.341696], [-20.166027, 28.570951]]}",,,bib67,no -1885-speaker_number-1,1885,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4005,no -1885-speakers-1,1885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4005,no -1885-speakers-2,1885,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998""}",,"1,400 - 1,900 in Boteti Subdistrict, Botswana (calculated from 1991 census)",bib3357,yes -1885-speakers-3,1885,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1993-1995""}",,,bib3204,no +1885-speaker_number-1,1885,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4025,no +1885-speakers-1,1885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4025,no +1885-speakers-2,1885,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998""}",,"1,400 - 1,900 in Boteti Subdistrict, Botswana (calculated from 1991 census)",bib3374,yes +1885-speakers-3,1885,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1993-1995""}",,,bib3219,no 1885-speaker_number-4,1885,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"90,000 in Zimbabwe (Chebanne and Nthapelelang 2000). Population total all countries: 105,000.",bib67,no 1885-speakers-4,1885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"90,000 in Zimbabwe (Chebanne and Nthapelelang 2000). Population total all countries: 105,000.",bib67,no -1885-LEI-1,1885,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4005,no -1885-domains_of_use-1,1885,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4005,no -1885-vitality-1,1885,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4005,no +1885-LEI-1,1885,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4025,no +1885-domains_of_use-1,1885,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4025,no +1885-vitality-1,1885,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4025,no 1885-LEI-2,1885,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Over half of Nambya, Yeyi, and Other Khoesan respondents said they speak their own language best."" ""… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 1885-transmission-2,1885,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Over half of Nambya, Yeyi, and Other Khoesan respondents said they speak their own language best."" ""… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 1885-domains_of_use-2,1885,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Over half of Nambya, Yeyi, and Other Khoesan respondents said they speak their own language best."" ""… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 1885-speaker_number_trends-2,1885,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Over half of Nambya, Yeyi, and Other Khoesan respondents said they speak their own language best."" ""… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 1885-vitality-2,1885,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Over half of Nambya, Yeyi, and Other Khoesan respondents said they speak their own language best."" ""… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 1885-LEI-3,1885,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Since Nambya is rarely written and not taught in school, educated young people will often choose Ndebele [nde] as their mode of communication, unless speaking to other Nambya.",bib67,no 1885-domains_of_use-3,1885,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Since Nambya is rarely written and not taught in school, educated young people will often choose Ndebele [nde] as their mode of communication, unless speaking to other Nambya.",bib67,no 1885-vitality-3,1885,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Since Nambya is rarely written and not taught in school, educated young people will often choose Ndebele [nde] as their mode of communication, unless speaking to other Nambya.",bib67,no -1886-context-1,1886,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tswana often used by secondary school students outside the home and in the family""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,"It was thus discovered that in Shorobe, a village with a vast majority of Yeyi community members, Setswana was used almost exclusively not only in inter-ethnic conversations (e.g. communal beer-drinking with Tswana-speakers originating from outside Ngamiland) but also in family-internal everyday conversation in Yeyi households. Only elderly women, who still master the Yeyi language beside Setswana, occasionally made use of Yeyi insertions when casually discussing among themselves most recent events in the village.",bib7649,no -1886-context-2,1886,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, with children, among friends, at the lands or cattle post, by the chief, kgotla, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, prayer, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, Kalanga, English, Herero, Nambya, Ndebele, Khoesan, Kuhane, Deti"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Some Bible translation efforts were begun in the 1960's but no portions of the Bible were published. Recently the Kamanakao Association was formed by Yeyi speakers who are interested in developing and preserving their language.,bib3357,yes -1886-context-3,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,,bib6949,no -1886-context-4,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,It appears that around 80 percent of the Wayeyi school children speak Setswana as their first language.,bib486,no -1886-context-5,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,Yeyi is replaced by a dialect of Tswana.,bib6944,no -1886-location-1,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Seronga, Shobe, and Maun villages in Ngamiland""}",,,bib7649,no +1886-context-1,1886,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tswana often used by secondary school students outside the home and in the family""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,"It was thus discovered that in Shorobe, a village with a vast majority of Yeyi community members, Setswana was used almost exclusively not only in inter-ethnic conversations (e.g. communal beer-drinking with Tswana-speakers originating from outside Ngamiland) but also in family-internal everyday conversation in Yeyi households. Only elderly women, who still master the Yeyi language beside Setswana, occasionally made use of Yeyi insertions when casually discussing among themselves most recent events in the village.",bib7674,no +1886-context-2,1886,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, with children, among friends, at the lands or cattle post, by the chief, kgotla, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, prayer, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, Kalanga, English, Herero, Nambya, Ndebele, Khoesan, Kuhane, Deti"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Some Bible translation efforts were begun in the 1960's but no portions of the Bible were published. Recently the Kamanakao Association was formed by Yeyi speakers who are interested in developing and preserving their language.,bib3374,yes +1886-context-3,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,,bib6973,no +1886-context-4,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,It appears that around 80 percent of the Wayeyi school children speak Setswana as their first language.,bib489,no +1886-context-5,1886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana""}",,Yeyi is replaced by a dialect of Tswana.,bib6968,no +1886-location-1,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Seronga, Shobe, and Maun villages in Ngamiland""}",,,bib7674,no 1886-location-2,1886,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.0, 23.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1886-location-3,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""]}",,,bib67,no -1886-location-4,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest, Boteti, Ghanzi District, Botswana; Namibia; Zambia""}",,,bib3357,yes -1886-location-5,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Okavango Delta, Ngamiland District, Northwest, Botswana; south Caprivi region, Namibia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.458768, 22.650375]]}",,Yeyi wird rund um das Okavango Delta im Ngamiland-Bezirk in Nordwest-Botswana und im Süden der Caprivi Region in Namibia gesprochen.,bib6949,no -1886-location-6,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Okavango Delta in Botswana.""]}",,,bib4847,no -1886-location-7,1886,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.4562, 23.2031]]}",,,bib5307,no -1886-location-8,1886,location,"{""Description"": ""In and around the Okavongo delta in Ngamiland [Botswana], and in Caprivi in Namibia.""}",,,bib486,no -1886-location-9,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""North-West District, Botswana"", ""East Caprivi, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""...in and around the Okavango Delta, Ngamiland, North-West District, Botswana; also in East Caprivi, Namibia""}",,,bib6944,no -1886-speakers-1,1886,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1986-1987""}",,,bib7649,no +1886-location-4,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest, Boteti, Ghanzi District, Botswana; Namibia; Zambia""}",,,bib3374,yes +1886-location-5,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Okavango Delta, Ngamiland District, Northwest, Botswana; south Caprivi region, Namibia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.458768, 22.650375]]}",,Yeyi wird rund um das Okavango Delta im Ngamiland-Bezirk in Nordwest-Botswana und im Süden der Caprivi Region in Namibia gesprochen.,bib6973,no +1886-location-6,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""Okavango Delta in Botswana.""]}",,,bib4869,no +1886-location-7,1886,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.4562, 23.2031]]}",,,bib5330,no +1886-location-8,1886,location,"{""Description"": ""In and around the Okavongo delta in Ngamiland [Botswana], and in Caprivi in Namibia.""}",,,bib489,no +1886-location-9,1886,location,"{""Places"": [""North-West District, Botswana"", ""East Caprivi, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""...in and around the Okavango Delta, Ngamiland, North-West District, Botswana; also in East Caprivi, Namibia""}",,,bib6968,no +1886-speakers-1,1886,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1986-1987""}",,,bib7674,no 1886-speaker_number-2,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"20,000 in Botswana (R. Cook 2004). Ethnic population is 47,000 in Botswana.",bib67,no 1886-speakers-2,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"20,000 in Botswana (R. Cook 2004). Ethnic population is 47,000 in Botswana.",bib67,no -1886-speaker_number-3,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,1100-1500 in Boteti.,bib3357,yes -1886-speakers-3,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,1100-1500 in Boteti.,bib3357,yes -1886-speaker_number-4,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Während Sommer & Vossen (1992: 407) für das Jarh 1995 circa 25.000 bis 30.000 Yeyi-Sprecher in Ngamiland vermuteten...,bib6949,no -1886-speakers-4,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Während Sommer & Vossen (1992: 407) für das Jarh 1995 circa 25.000 bis 30.000 Yeyi-Sprecher in Ngamiland vermuteten...,bib6949,no -1886-speaker_number-5,1886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 7.9%% of the Bayeyi people used Shiyeyi as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 5,200 people.",bib4847,no -1886-speakers-5,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 7.9%% of the Bayeyi people used Shiyeyi as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 5,200 people.",bib4847,no -1886-speaker_number-6,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1886-speakers-6,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1886-speakers-7,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""94,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991""}",,"20,000 Wayeyi in Botswana who have maintained their identity",bib5587,no -1886-speakers-8,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000""}",,"The number of people considering themselves to be Wayeyi might be around 20,000, but might also be considerably lower or higher. Another open question is to what extent the Wayeyi speak Shiyeyi.",bib486,no +1886-speaker_number-3,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,1100-1500 in Boteti.,bib3374,yes +1886-speakers-3,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,1100-1500 in Boteti.,bib3374,yes +1886-speaker_number-4,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Während Sommer & Vossen (1992: 407) für das Jarh 1995 circa 25.000 bis 30.000 Yeyi-Sprecher in Ngamiland vermuteten...,bib6973,no +1886-speakers-4,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Während Sommer & Vossen (1992: 407) für das Jarh 1995 circa 25.000 bis 30.000 Yeyi-Sprecher in Ngamiland vermuteten...,bib6973,no +1886-speaker_number-5,1886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 7.9%% of the Bayeyi people used Shiyeyi as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 5,200 people.",bib4869,no +1886-speakers-5,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 7.9%% of the Bayeyi people used Shiyeyi as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 5,200 people.",bib4869,no +1886-speaker_number-6,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1886-speakers-6,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1886-speakers-7,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""94,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991""}",,"20,000 Wayeyi in Botswana who have maintained their identity",bib5611,no +1886-speakers-8,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000""}",,"The number of people considering themselves to be Wayeyi might be around 20,000, but might also be considerably lower or higher. Another open question is to what extent the Wayeyi speak Shiyeyi.",bib489,no 1886-speaker_number-9,1886,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1886-speakers-9,1886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -1886-speakers-10,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20000""}",,,bib6944,no +1886-speakers-10,1886,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20000""}",,,bib6968,no 1886-LEI-1,1886,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The evaluation of questionnaires concerning bilingualism among speakers with a non-Tswana background clearly showed that, especially in areas closer to the district capital Maun, bilingualism in an ethnic language (e.g. Shiyeyi) and Setswana is gradually being abandoned in favour of Tswana monolingualism."" -""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7649,no +""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7674,no 1886-transmission-1,1886,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The evaluation of questionnaires concerning bilingualism among speakers with a non-Tswana background clearly showed that, especially in areas closer to the district capital Maun, bilingualism in an ethnic language (e.g. Shiyeyi) and Setswana is gradually being abandoned in favour of Tswana monolingualism."" -""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7649,no +""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7674,no 1886-domains_of_use-1,1886,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The evaluation of questionnaires concerning bilingualism among speakers with a non-Tswana background clearly showed that, especially in areas closer to the district capital Maun, bilingualism in an ethnic language (e.g. Shiyeyi) and Setswana is gradually being abandoned in favour of Tswana monolingualism."" -""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7649,no +""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7674,no 1886-speaker_number_trends-1,1886,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The evaluation of questionnaires concerning bilingualism among speakers with a non-Tswana background clearly showed that, especially in areas closer to the district capital Maun, bilingualism in an ethnic language (e.g. Shiyeyi) and Setswana is gradually being abandoned in favour of Tswana monolingualism."" -""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7649,no +""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7674,no 1886-vitality-1,1886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The evaluation of questionnaires concerning bilingualism among speakers with a non-Tswana background clearly showed that, especially in areas closer to the district capital Maun, bilingualism in an ethnic language (e.g. Shiyeyi) and Setswana is gradually being abandoned in favour of Tswana monolingualism."" -""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7649,no +""...recordings of narrated Yeyi texts from places other than Shorobe indicate that there elderly people (especially women) still stuck to story-telling as a means of transmitting Yeyi knowledge to the younger Setswana-speaking generation.",bib7674,no 1886-LEI-2,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1886-vitality-2,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1886-LEI-3,1886,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3357,yes +""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3374,yes 1886-transmission-3,1886,transmission,4,transmission-4,"… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3357,yes +""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3374,yes 1886-domains_of_use-3,1886,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3357,yes +""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3374,yes 1886-vitality-3,1886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"… [A] greater percent of older respondents said they spoke their own languages best than did the younger generation. This was particularly true of the !Goro, Yeyi and Nambya. This indicates that these languages may be undergoing a rapid shift… to Tswana or other languages."" -""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3357,yes -1886-LEI-4,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6949,no -1886-vitality-4,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6949,no -1886-LEI-5,1886,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4847,no -1886-vitality-5,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4847,no -1886-LEI-6,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1886-vitality-6,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1886-LEI-7,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib486,no -1886-transmission-7,1886,transmission,1,transmission-1,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib486,no -1886-vitality-7,1886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib486,no +""Yeyi and Danisi show serious signs of losing vitality since children and young adults rarely speak them.",bib3374,yes +1886-LEI-4,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6973,no +1886-vitality-4,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6973,no +1886-LEI-5,1886,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4869,no +1886-vitality-5,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4869,no +1886-LEI-6,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1886-vitality-6,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1886-LEI-7,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib489,no +1886-transmission-7,1886,transmission,1,transmission-1,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib489,no +1886-vitality-7,1886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"It is quite possible that the Shiyeyi language may disappear altogether within a few generations if the present trends continue. It is possible, though, that the situation for the language may be somewhat better in Namibia than it is in Botswana.",bib489,no 1886-LEI-8,1886,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1886-vitality-8,1886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1887-context-1,1887,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With the chief, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""//Gana, \u2260Kx'au//'ein, Afrikaans, English, Herero, Kalanga, Naro, Tswana""}",,"Nothing has been published in Kgalagari, although a T-shirt with a Kgalagari proverb was recently printed and and sold in Kgalagari District."" @@ -16160,731 +16222,731 @@ Older adults only.",bib67,yes ""Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. ",,no 1887-context-2,1887,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive""}",,"It has been reported (Vossen 1988b) that young speakers in Ngamiland tend to abandon Sekgalagadi in favour of Setswana... it may not be advisable to assume that the trend is necessarily the same in the whole country.... Still, in view of the low social position of the speakers and considerable pressure from Setswana, the language is likely to lose many speakers as time goes by. -However, it is also true that the social situation, including how speakers perceive the situation of themselves and their language, may well change. This may actually be happening in this case. Solway (1994) reports that the Bakgalagadi in recent years assert themselves much more than before and show much pride in their language.",bib484,yes -1887-context-3,1887,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, government, church, news media""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Setswana, Naro, Sarwa, Afrikaans, Ndebele, Herero, Sotho, Xhosa, Kgothu, !X\u00f3\u00f5"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""88%% reported to be multilingual""}",,...the Kgalagadi population sample examined in this study still points to a very high rate of illiteracy of respondents in their own mother tongue.,bib4769,no +However, it is also true that the social situation, including how speakers perceive the situation of themselves and their language, may well change. This may actually be happening in this case. Solway (1994) reports that the Bakgalagadi in recent years assert themselves much more than before and show much pride in their language.",bib487,yes +1887-context-3,1887,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, government, church, news media""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Setswana, Naro, Sarwa, Afrikaans, Ndebele, Herero, Sotho, Xhosa, Kgothu, !X\u00f3\u00f5"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""88%% reported to be multilingual""}",,...the Kgalagadi population sample examined in this study still points to a very high rate of illiteracy of respondents in their own mother tongue.,bib4791,no 1887-location-1,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Southern, Kweneng, Ghanzi, Northwest, Botswana""}",,,,no -1887-location-2,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib3359,no -1887-location-3,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Bakgalagadi, who are widely spread over much of Botswana. They live mainly in the Kgalagadi desert or on its outskirts."", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.337087, 22.14679]]}",,,bib484,yes -1887-location-4,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Kgalagadi Desert, Botswana""]}",,,bib4769,no +1887-location-2,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib3376,no +1887-location-3,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Bakgalagadi, who are widely spread over much of Botswana. They live mainly in the Kgalagadi desert or on its outskirts."", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.337087, 22.14679]]}",,,bib487,yes +1887-location-4,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Kgalagadi Desert, Botswana""]}",,,bib4791,no 1887-location-5,1887,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""South and central, along South Africa border, north Kgalagadi District, west Kweneng and Southern districts; Ghanzi District, Ghanzi, Kanagas, Tsotsha, Kuke, Karakobis, Ncojane, Kule, Charles Hill, New Xade, Dekar, and Grootlaagte; Northwest District, Sehitwa and Maun. Also in Namibia.""}",,,bib67,no -1887-speaker_number-1,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,170-240 in Boteti,bib3357,no -1887-speakers-1,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,170-240 in Boteti,bib3357,no +1887-speaker_number-1,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,170-240 in Boteti,bib3374,no +1887-speakers-1,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,170-240 in Boteti,bib3374,no 1887-speakers-2,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1998""}",,Speaker number refers to the estimated population in Botswana only.,,no -1887-speakers-3,1887,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""34,000-43,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no -1887-speaker_number-4,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"We have arrived at a figure of between 10,000 and 15,000, but this estimate is highly uncertain.",bib484,yes -1887-speakers-4,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"We have arrived at a figure of between 10,000 and 15,000, but this estimate is highly uncertain.",bib484,yes -1887-speaker_number-5,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000-15,000 in Botswana",bib4769,no -1887-speakers-5,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000-15,000 in Botswana",bib4769,no +1887-speakers-3,1887,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""34,000-43,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no +1887-speaker_number-4,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"We have arrived at a figure of between 10,000 and 15,000, but this estimate is highly uncertain.",bib487,yes +1887-speakers-4,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"We have arrived at a figure of between 10,000 and 15,000, but this estimate is highly uncertain.",bib487,yes +1887-speaker_number-5,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000-15,000 in Botswana",bib4791,no +1887-speakers-5,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000-15,000 in Botswana",bib4791,no 1887-speaker_number-6,1887,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"40,000 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). Population total all countries: 40,100.",bib67,no 1887-speakers-6,1887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"40,000 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). Population total all countries: 40,100.",bib67,no -1887-LEI-1,1887,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3357,no -1887-vitality-1,1887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3357,no +1887-LEI-1,1887,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3374,no +1887-vitality-1,1887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3374,no 1887-LEI-2,1887,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 1887-domains_of_use-2,1887,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,,no 1887-vitality-2,1887,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no -1887-LEI-3,1887,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib484,yes -1887-vitality-3,1887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib484,yes -1887-LEI-4,1887,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4769,no -1887-transmission-4,1887,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4769,no -1887-domains_of_use-4,1887,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4769,no -1887-speaker_number_trends-4,1887,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4769,no -1887-vitality-4,1887,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4769,no +1887-LEI-3,1887,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib487,yes +1887-vitality-3,1887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib487,yes +1887-LEI-4,1887,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4791,no +1887-transmission-4,1887,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4791,no +1887-domains_of_use-4,1887,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4791,no +1887-speaker_number_trends-4,1887,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4791,no +1887-vitality-4,1887,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The majority of Shekgalagadi speakers are no longer monolingual... This multilingualism is the beginning of a slow but sure process of shift at the end of which originally monolingual native speakers acquire mother-tongue-like proficiency in Setswana, while losing by the same token competence in Shekgalagadi, the symbol of their ethnic identity.",bib4791,no 1887-LEI-5,1887,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1887-vitality-5,1887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1889-location-1,1889,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.1479, 127.8204]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1889-location-2,1889,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwestern coast of Kao Bay, North Halmahera, around the town of Kao, near the mouth of the Kao River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1889-location-1,1889,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.1479, 127.8204]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1889-location-2,1889,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: North Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwestern coast of Kao Bay, North Halmahera, around the town of Kao, near the mouth of the Kao River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1889-location-3,1889,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1889-speaker_number-1,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1889-speakers-1,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1889-speaker_number-2,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1889-speakers-2,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1889-speaker_number-1,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1889-speakers-1,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1889-speaker_number-2,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1889-speakers-2,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1889-speaker_number-3,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1889-speakers-3,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1889-speaker_number-4,1889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 1889-speakers-4,1889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -1889-LEI-1,1889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1889-vitality-1,1889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1889-LEI-2,1889,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1889-speaker_number_trends-2,1889,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1889-vitality-2,1889,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1889-LEI-1,1889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1889-vitality-1,1889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1889-LEI-2,1889,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1889-speaker_number_trends-2,1889,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1889-vitality-2,1889,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1889-LEI-3,1889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1889-vitality-3,1889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1889-LEI-4,1889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1889-vitality-4,1889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1890-context-1,1890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1890-location-1,1890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4, 139.7]]}",,,bib5307,no -1890-location-2,1890,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in one village on the upper Idenburg River, in the northeastern inland part of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +1890-context-1,1890,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1890-location-1,1890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4, 139.7]]}",,,bib5330,no +1890-location-2,1890,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in one village on the upper Idenburg River, in the northeastern inland part of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 1890-location-3,1890,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1890-speaker_number-1,1890,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1890-speakers-1,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1890-speaker_number-2,1890,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -1890-speakers-2,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes -1890-speaker_number-3,1890,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -1890-speakers-3,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +1890-speaker_number-1,1890,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1890-speakers-1,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1890-speaker_number-2,1890,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +1890-speakers-2,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes +1890-speaker_number-3,1890,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +1890-speakers-3,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 1890-speaker_number-4,1890,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1890-speakers-4,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1890-speaker_number-5,1890,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (2006 SIL),bib67,no 1890-speakers-5,1890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (2006 SIL),bib67,no -1890-LEI-1,1890,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1890-vitality-1,1890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1890-LEI-2,1890,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3266,yes -1890-transmission-2,1890,transmission,0,transmission-0,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3266,yes -1890-vitality-2,1890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3266,yes -1890-LEI-3,1890,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1890-speaker_number_trends-3,1890,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -1890-vitality-3,1890,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1890-LEI-1,1890,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1890-vitality-1,1890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1890-LEI-2,1890,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3282,yes +1890-transmission-2,1890,transmission,0,transmission-0,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3282,yes +1890-vitality-2,1890,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Transmission of the language from older generations to younger generations is regular.,bib3282,yes +1890-LEI-3,1890,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1890-speaker_number_trends-3,1890,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +1890-vitality-3,1890,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1890-LEI-4,1890,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1890-vitality-4,1890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1890-LEI-5,1890,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1890-vitality-5,1890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1891-context-1,1891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1891-context-2,1891,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian for all contact with outsiders, people from mixed families (from Goromese or Uruangnirin-speaking villages) speak that with part of their family""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Geser-Gorom, Uruangnirin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive or neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Iha is not used as a trade language by Kalamang speakers. Many people claim to speak/understand neighbouring Uruangnirin, but any extensive communication (e.g. marriage negotiations) will be in Indonesian.",bib7604,no -1891-context-3,1891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Bahasa Indonesia, Uruangnirin, Geser-Gorom, Muna, Javanese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is neither shame, taboo, nor pride in using their language, just a neutral attitude. Speakers occasionally express regret that their children don't speak Kalamang, and blame the children for being too stupid to learn it.""}",,"Exogamy is commonly practiced, particularly Kalamang men marrying women from Java, the Moluccas, Sulawesi, the other Karas Islands.",bib7601,yes +1891-context-1,1891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1891-context-2,1891,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian for all contact with outsiders, people from mixed families (from Goromese or Uruangnirin-speaking villages) speak that with part of their family""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Geser-Gorom, Uruangnirin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive or neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Iha is not used as a trade language by Kalamang speakers. Many people claim to speak/understand neighbouring Uruangnirin, but any extensive communication (e.g. marriage negotiations) will be in Indonesian.",bib7629,no +1891-context-3,1891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay, Bahasa Indonesia, Uruangnirin, Geser-Gorom, Muna, Javanese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is neither shame, taboo, nor pride in using their language, just a neutral attitude. Speakers occasionally express regret that their children don't speak Kalamang, and blame the children for being too stupid to learn it.""}",,"Exogamy is commonly practiced, particularly Kalamang men marrying women from Java, the Moluccas, Sulawesi, the other Karas Islands.",bib7626,yes 1891-location-1,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1891-location-2,1891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4585, 132.6599]]}",,,bib5307,no -1891-location-3,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Karas Island, off the southwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula. The island is southeast of Fakfak.""}",,,bib7938,no -1891-location-4,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maas and Antalisa villages, the biggest of the Karas islands, West-Bomberai- Fakfak regency, West Papua province, Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.454537, 132.686683]]}",,,bib7604,no -1891-location-5,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Mas (Sewa) and Antalisa (Tamisen) on Kalamang lempuang, the biggest of the Karas Islands in Sebakor Bay just off the coast of Bomberai Peninsula of western New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.294, 132.4153]]}",,,bib7601,yes +1891-location-2,1891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4585, 132.6599]]}",,,bib5330,no +1891-location-3,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Karas Island, off the southwest coast of the Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula. The island is southeast of Fakfak.""}",,,bib7963,no +1891-location-4,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maas and Antalisa villages, the biggest of the Karas islands, West-Bomberai- Fakfak regency, West Papua province, Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.454537, 132.686683]]}",,,bib7629,no +1891-location-5,1891,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the villages of Mas (Sewa) and Antalisa (Tamisen) on Kalamang lempuang, the biggest of the Karas Islands in Sebakor Bay just off the coast of Bomberai Peninsula of western New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-3.294, 132.4153]]}",,,bib7626,yes 1891-speaker_number-1,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1983 SIL),bib67,no 1891-speakers-1,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1983 SIL),bib67,no -1891-speaker_number-2,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1891-speakers-2,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1891-speaker_number-3,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,More recent estimates place the speaker number closer to 100.,bib7938,no -1891-speakers-3,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,More recent estimates place the speaker number closer to 100.,bib7938,no -1891-speaker_number-4,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker numbers as displayed here are unpublished (but see Eline Visser's forthcoming PhD thesis, A grammar of Kalamang). Info on other aspects discussed here can be found in Eline Visser's MA thesis: Visser, E. (2016). A grammar sketch of Kalamang with a focus on phonetics and phonology (Master's thesis).",bib7604,no -1891-speakers-4,1891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""10""}",,"Speaker numbers as displayed here are unpublished (but see Eline Visser's forthcoming PhD thesis, A grammar of Kalamang). Info on other aspects discussed here can be found in Eline Visser's MA thesis: Visser, E. (2016). A grammar sketch of Kalamang with a focus on phonetics and phonology (Master's thesis).",bib7604,no -1891-speaker_number-5,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No one born after 1990 can be counted as a fluent speaker, and it is rare for them to have two fluent Kalamang-speaking parents.",bib7601,yes -1891-speakers-5,1891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""419"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""56""}",,"No one born after 1990 can be counted as a fluent speaker, and it is rare for them to have two fluent Kalamang-speaking parents.",bib7601,yes +1891-speaker_number-2,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1891-speakers-2,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1891-speaker_number-3,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,More recent estimates place the speaker number closer to 100.,bib7963,no +1891-speakers-3,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,More recent estimates place the speaker number closer to 100.,bib7963,no +1891-speaker_number-4,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker numbers as displayed here are unpublished (but see Eline Visser's forthcoming PhD thesis, A grammar of Kalamang). Info on other aspects discussed here can be found in Eline Visser's MA thesis: Visser, E. (2016). A grammar sketch of Kalamang with a focus on phonetics and phonology (Master's thesis).",bib7629,no +1891-speakers-4,1891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""10""}",,"Speaker numbers as displayed here are unpublished (but see Eline Visser's forthcoming PhD thesis, A grammar of Kalamang). Info on other aspects discussed here can be found in Eline Visser's MA thesis: Visser, E. (2016). A grammar sketch of Kalamang with a focus on phonetics and phonology (Master's thesis).",bib7629,no +1891-speaker_number-5,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No one born after 1990 can be counted as a fluent speaker, and it is rare for them to have two fluent Kalamang-speaking parents.",bib7626,yes +1891-speakers-5,1891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""419"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""56""}",,"No one born after 1990 can be counted as a fluent speaker, and it is rare for them to have two fluent Kalamang-speaking parents.",bib7626,yes 1891-speaker_number-6,1891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1891-speakers-6,1891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1891-LEI-1,1891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1891-vitality-1,1891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1891-LEI-2,1891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1891-vitality-2,1891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1891-LEI-3,1891,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1891-speaker_number_trends-3,1891,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1891-vitality-3,1891,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no -1891-LEI-4,1891,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7604,no -1891-transmission-4,1891,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7604,no -1891-domains_of_use-4,1891,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7604,no -1891-speaker_number_trends-4,1891,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7604,no -1891-vitality-4,1891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7604,no -1891-LEI-5,1891,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7601,yes -1891-transmission-5,1891,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7601,yes -1891-domains_of_use-5,1891,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7601,yes -1891-speaker_number_trends-5,1891,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7601,yes -1891-vitality-5,1891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7601,yes +1891-LEI-2,1891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1891-vitality-2,1891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1891-LEI-3,1891,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1891-speaker_number_trends-3,1891,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1891-vitality-3,1891,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no +1891-LEI-4,1891,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7629,no +1891-transmission-4,1891,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7629,no +1891-domains_of_use-4,1891,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7629,no +1891-speaker_number_trends-4,1891,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7629,no +1891-vitality-4,1891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7629,no +1891-LEI-5,1891,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7626,yes +1891-transmission-5,1891,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7626,yes +1891-domains_of_use-5,1891,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7626,yes +1891-speaker_number_trends-5,1891,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7626,yes +1891-vitality-5,1891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7626,yes 1891-LEI-6,1891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1891-vitality-6,1891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1892-context-1,1892,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Lisela""}",,,bib7938,yes -1892-location-1,1892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 127.1008]]}",,,bib5307,no -1892-location-2,1892,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Namlea Bay, Buru Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 127.1008]]}",,,bib7938,yes +1892-context-1,1892,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Lisela""}",,,bib7963,yes +1892-location-1,1892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 127.1008]]}",,,bib5330,no +1892-location-2,1892,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Namlea Bay, Buru Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.39, 127.1008]]}",,,bib7963,yes 1892-location-3,1892,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 1892-speaker_number-1,1892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1892-speakers-1,1892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1892-speaker_number-2,1892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,yes -1892-speakers-2,1892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,yes +1892-speaker_number-2,1892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,yes +1892-speakers-2,1892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,yes 1892-speaker_number-3,1892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,3 (1995). Not used for 3 decades (1989 SIL). Ethnic population: 800 (1995),bib67,no 1892-speakers-3,1892,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,3 (1995). Not used for 3 decades (1989 SIL). Ethnic population: 800 (1995),bib67,no 1892-LEI-1,1892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1892-vitality-1,1892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1892-LEI-2,1892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1892-transmission-2,1892,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -1892-domains_of_use-2,1892,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib7938,yes -1892-speaker_number_trends-2,1892,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -1892-vitality-2,1892,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7938,yes +1892-LEI-2,1892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1892-transmission-2,1892,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +1892-domains_of_use-2,1892,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib7963,yes +1892-speaker_number_trends-2,1892,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +1892-vitality-2,1892,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7963,yes 1892-LEI-3,1892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not used for 3 decades.,bib67,no 1892-transmission-3,1892,transmission,5,transmission-5,Not used for 3 decades.,bib67,no 1892-domains_of_use-3,1892,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Not used for 3 decades.,bib67,no 1892-speaker_number_trends-3,1892,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Not used for 3 decades.,bib67,no 1892-vitality-3,1892,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Not used for 3 decades.,bib67,no -1894-context-1,1894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tobati, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -1894-location-1,1894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5464, 140.725]]}",,,bib5307,no -1894-location-2,1894,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in two island villages in Jayapura harbour.""}",,,bib7938,yes +1894-context-1,1894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tobati, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +1894-location-1,1894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5464, 140.725]]}",,,bib5330,no +1894-location-2,1894,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in two island villages in Jayapura harbour.""}",,,bib7963,yes 1894-location-3,1894,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1894-speaker_number-1,1894,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1894-speakers-1,1894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1894-speaker_number-2,1894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Recent estimates indicate that there are now no more than fifty speakers, all of them over fifty years of age.",bib7938,yes -1894-speakers-2,1894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""573"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Recent estimates indicate that there are now no more than fifty speakers, all of them over fifty years of age.",bib7938,yes +1894-speaker_number-1,1894,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1894-speakers-1,1894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1894-speaker_number-2,1894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Recent estimates indicate that there are now no more than fifty speakers, all of them over fifty years of age.",bib7963,yes +1894-speakers-2,1894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""573"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Recent estimates indicate that there are now no more than fifty speakers, all of them over fifty years of age.",bib7963,yes 1894-speaker_number-3,1894,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1894-speakers-3,1894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1894-speaker_number-4,1894,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 573 (1978 SIL),bib67,no 1894-speakers-4,1894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""573"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 573 (1978 SIL),bib67,no -1894-LEI-1,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1894-vitality-1,1894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1894-LEI-2,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -1894-transmission-2,1894,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7938,yes -1894-speaker_number_trends-2,1894,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,yes -1894-vitality-2,1894,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +1894-LEI-1,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1894-vitality-1,1894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1894-LEI-2,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +1894-transmission-2,1894,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7963,yes +1894-speaker_number_trends-2,1894,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,yes +1894-vitality-2,1894,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 1894-LEI-3,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1894-vitality-3,1894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1894-LEI-4,1894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1894-vitality-4,1894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1895-context-1,1895,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwesten, Indoesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1895-location-1,1895,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.043, 139.0979]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1895-location-2,1895,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west-central north coast, east of the Tor River mouth.""}",,,bib7938,no +1895-context-1,1895,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwesten, Indoesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1895-location-1,1895,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.043, 139.0979]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1895-location-2,1895,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west-central north coast, east of the Tor River mouth.""}",,,bib7963,no 1895-location-3,1895,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1895-speaker_number-1,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1895-speakers-1,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1895-speaker_number-2,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1895-speakers-2,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1895-speaker_number-1,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1895-speakers-1,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1895-speaker_number-2,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1895-speakers-2,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1895-speaker_number-3,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1895-speakers-3,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1895-speaker_number-4,1895,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,370 (2005 SIL),bib67,no 1895-speakers-4,1895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,370 (2005 SIL),bib67,no -1895-LEI-1,1895,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1895-vitality-1,1895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1895-LEI-2,1895,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1895-speaker_number_trends-2,1895,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1895-vitality-2,1895,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1895-LEI-1,1895,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1895-vitality-1,1895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1895-LEI-2,1895,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1895-speaker_number_trends-2,1895,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1895-vitality-2,1895,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1895-LEI-3,1895,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1895-vitality-3,1895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1895-LEI-4,1895,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1895-vitality-4,1895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1897-location-1,1897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.908, 140.3942]]}",,,bib5307,no +1897-location-1,1897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.908, 140.3942]]}",,,bib5330,no 1897-location-2,1897,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayawijaya regency, Okbibab subdistrict.""}",,,bib69,yes -1897-location-3,1897,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya: Spoken on the west-central north coast, east of the Tor River mouth.""}",,,bib7938,no -1897-speaker_number-1,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1897-speakers-1,1897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1897-location-3,1897,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Irian Jaya: Spoken on the west-central north coast, east of the Tor River mouth.""}",,,bib7963,no +1897-speaker_number-1,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1897-speakers-1,1897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1897-speaker_number-2,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2000),bib69,yes 1897-speakers-2,1897,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,yes -1897-speaker_number-3,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -1897-speakers-3,1897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +1897-speaker_number-3,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +1897-speakers-3,1897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 1897-speaker_number-4,1897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1897-speakers-4,1897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1897-LEI-1,1897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1897-vitality-1,1897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1897-LEI-1,1897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1897-vitality-1,1897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1897-LEI-2,1897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Moribund (2000 S. Wurm).,bib69,yes 1897-domains_of_use-2,1897,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Moribund (2000 S. Wurm).,bib69,yes 1897-vitality-2,1897,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Moribund (2000 S. Wurm).,bib69,yes -1897-LEI-3,1897,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1897-transmission-3,1897,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -1897-speaker_number_trends-3,1897,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -1897-vitality-3,1897,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +1897-LEI-3,1897,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1897-transmission-3,1897,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +1897-speaker_number_trends-3,1897,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +1897-vitality-3,1897,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 1897-LEI-4,1897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1897-vitality-4,1897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1899-context-1,1899,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1899-location-1,1899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4147, 120.9155]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1899-location-2,1899,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central west coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, near Lasusua.""}",,,bib7938,no +1899-context-1,1899,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1899-location-1,1899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4147, 120.9155]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1899-location-2,1899,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central west coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, near Lasusua.""}",,,bib7963,no 1899-location-3,1899,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1899-speaker_number-1,1899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -1899-speakers-1,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1899-speaker_number-2,1899,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Conflicting reports on speaker numbers.,bib7938,no -1899-speakers-2,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989; 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Conflicting reports on speaker numbers.,bib7938,no +1899-speaker_number-1,1899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +1899-speakers-1,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1899-speaker_number-2,1899,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Conflicting reports on speaker numbers.,bib7963,no +1899-speakers-2,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989; 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Conflicting reports on speaker numbers.,bib7963,no 1899-speaker_number-3,1899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1899-speakers-3,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1899-speaker_number-4,1899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1899-speakers-4,1899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1899-LEI-1,1899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1899-vitality-1,1899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1899-LEI-2,1899,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1899-speaker_number_trends-2,1899,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1899-vitality-2,1899,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1899-LEI-1,1899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1899-vitality-1,1899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1899-LEI-2,1899,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1899-speaker_number_trends-2,1899,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1899-vitality-2,1899,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1899-LEI-3,1899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1899-vitality-3,1899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1899-LEI-4,1899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1899-vitality-4,1899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1900-context-1,1900,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Barapasi, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1900-location-1,1900,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3833, 136.7907]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1900-location-2,1900,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about the middle of the eastern side of Cenderawasih Bay, inland near the Sirami River.""}",,,bib7938,no +1900-context-1,1900,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Barapasi, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1900-location-1,1900,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3833, 136.7907]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1900-location-2,1900,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about the middle of the eastern side of Cenderawasih Bay, inland near the Sirami River.""}",,,bib7963,no 1900-location-3,1900,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1900-speaker_number-1,1900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1900-speakers-1,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1900-speaker_number-2,1900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,there may be more speakers living semi-nomadically in the interior,bib7938,no -1900-speakers-2,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,there may be more speakers living semi-nomadically in the interior,bib7938,no +1900-speaker_number-1,1900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1900-speakers-1,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1900-speaker_number-2,1900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,there may be more speakers living semi-nomadically in the interior,bib7963,no +1900-speakers-2,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,there may be more speakers living semi-nomadically in the interior,bib7963,no 1900-speaker_number-3,1900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1900-speakers-3,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1900-speaker_number-4,1900,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 1900-speakers-4,1900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -1900-LEI-1,1900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1900-vitality-1,1900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1900-LEI-2,1900,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1900-speaker_number_trends-2,1900,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -1900-vitality-2,1900,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1900-LEI-1,1900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1900-vitality-1,1900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1900-LEI-2,1900,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1900-speaker_number_trends-2,1900,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +1900-vitality-2,1900,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1900-LEI-3,1900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1900-vitality-3,1900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1900-LEI-4,1900,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1900-vitality-4,1900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1901-context-1,1901,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimaghama, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1901-location-1,1901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.3854, 137.9415]]}",,,bib5307,no -1901-location-2,1901,location,"{""Description"": ""West Merauke""}",,,bib8260,yes -1901-location-3,1901,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western part of the south coast of the large Frederik Hendrik Island, in southeastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +1901-context-1,1901,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimaghama, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1901-location-1,1901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.3854, 137.9415]]}",,,bib5330,no +1901-location-2,1901,location,"{""Description"": ""West Merauke""}",,,bib8285,yes +1901-location-3,1901,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western part of the south coast of the large Frederik Hendrik Island, in southeastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 1901-location-4,1901,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1901-speaker_number-1,1901,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1901-speakers-1,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1901-speaker_number-2,1901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8260,yes -1901-speakers-2,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8260,yes -1901-speaker_number-3,1901,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1901-speakers-3,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1901-speaker_number-1,1901,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1901-speakers-1,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1901-speaker_number-2,1901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8285,yes +1901-speakers-2,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8285,yes +1901-speaker_number-3,1901,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1901-speakers-3,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1901-speaker_number-4,1901,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1901-speakers-4,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1901-speaker_number-5,1901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,200 (2001 SIL)",bib67,no 1901-speakers-5,1901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,200 (2001 SIL)",bib67,no -1901-LEI-1,1901,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1901-vitality-1,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1901-LEI-2,1901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8260,yes -1901-vitality-2,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8260,yes -1901-LEI-3,1901,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1901-speaker_number_trends-3,1901,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1901-vitality-3,1901,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1901-LEI-1,1901,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1901-vitality-1,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1901-LEI-2,1901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8285,yes +1901-vitality-2,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8285,yes +1901-LEI-3,1901,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1901-speaker_number_trends-3,1901,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1901-vitality-3,1901,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1901-LEI-4,1901,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1901-vitality-4,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1901-LEI-5,1901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1901-vitality-5,1901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1902-context-1,1902,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -1902-location-1,1902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6412, 121.9894]]}",,,bib5307,yes -1902-location-2,1902,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern coastal hinterland area of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +1902-context-1,1902,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +1902-location-1,1902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6412, 121.9894]]}",,,bib5330,yes +1902-location-2,1902,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern coastal hinterland area of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 1902-location-3,1902,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -1902-speaker_number-1,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -1902-speakers-1,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -1902-speaker_number-2,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -1902-speakers-2,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +1902-speaker_number-1,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +1902-speakers-1,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +1902-speaker_number-2,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +1902-speakers-2,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 1902-speaker_number-3,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1902-speakers-3,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1902-speaker_number-4,1902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 (1991 SIL),bib67,no 1902-speakers-4,1902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 (1991 SIL),bib67,no -1902-LEI-1,1902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -1902-vitality-1,1902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -1902-LEI-2,1902,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -1902-speaker_number_trends-2,1902,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -1902-vitality-2,1902,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +1902-LEI-1,1902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +1902-vitality-1,1902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +1902-LEI-2,1902,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +1902-speaker_number_trends-2,1902,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +1902-vitality-2,1902,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 1902-LEI-3,1902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1902-vitality-3,1902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1902-LEI-4,1902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1902-vitality-4,1902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1905-context-1,1905,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no -1905-context-2,1905,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib5309,yes +1905-context-1,1905,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no +1905-context-2,1905,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib5332,yes 1905-location-1,1905,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1905-location-2,1905,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.54, 130.037]]}",,,bib1182,no -1905-location-4,1905,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1905-speaker_number-1,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1905-speakers-1,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1905-location-2,1905,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.54, 130.037]]}",,,bib1191,no +1905-location-4,1905,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1905-speaker_number-1,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1905-speakers-1,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1905-speaker_number-2,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1905-speakers-2,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1905-speaker_number-3,1905,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 1905-speakers-3,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -1905-speaker_number-4,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fairly widely understood throughout the area, especially by older people",bib7421,no -1905-speakers-4,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Fairly widely understood throughout the area, especially by older people",bib7421,no -1905-speaker_number-5,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -1905-speakers-5,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no +1905-speaker_number-4,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Fairly widely understood throughout the area, especially by older people",bib7445,no +1905-speakers-4,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Fairly widely understood throughout the area, especially by older people",bib7445,no +1905-speaker_number-5,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +1905-speakers-5,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no 1905-speaker_number-6,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1905-speakers-6,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1905-speaker_number-7,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 15-20 speakers were reported. ...there are few speakers of Maranunggu left.",bib5309,yes -1905-speakers-7,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 15-20 speakers were reported. ...there are few speakers of Maranunggu left.",bib5309,yes -1905-LEI-1,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1905-vitality-1,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1905-speaker_number-7,1905,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 15-20 speakers were reported. ...there are few speakers of Maranunggu left.",bib5332,yes +1905-speakers-7,1905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 15-20 speakers were reported. ...there are few speakers of Maranunggu left.",bib5332,yes +1905-LEI-1,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1905-vitality-1,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1905-LEI-2,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1905-vitality-2,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1905-LEI-3,1905,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1905-vitality-3,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1905-LEI-4,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7421,no -1905-vitality-4,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7421,no -1905-LEI-5,1905,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -1905-speaker_number_trends-5,1905,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -1905-vitality-5,1905,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,no +1905-LEI-4,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7445,no +1905-vitality-4,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7445,no +1905-LEI-5,1905,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +1905-speaker_number_trends-5,1905,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +1905-vitality-5,1905,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,no 1905-LEI-6,1905,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1905-vitality-6,1905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1905-LEI-7,1905,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1905-transmission-7,1905,transmission,5,transmission-5,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1905-domains_of_use-7,1905,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1905-speaker_number_trends-7,1905,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1905-vitality-7,1905,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1907-context-1,1907,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol is taking over.,bib5309,yes +1905-LEI-7,1905,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1905-transmission-7,1905,transmission,5,transmission-5,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1905-domains_of_use-7,1905,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1905-speaker_number_trends-7,1905,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1905-vitality-7,1905,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Young people spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol then [1983]. Now this is becoming general... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1907-context-1,1907,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol is taking over.,bib5332,yes 1907-location-1,1907,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1907-location-2,1907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.184522, 130.056992]]}",,,bib7945,no -1907-location-3,1907,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, north of Moyle River, east of Magadige.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1907-speaker_number-1,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1907-speakers-1,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1907-location-2,1907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.184522, 130.056992]]}",,,bib7970,no +1907-location-3,1907,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, north of Moyle River, east of Magadige.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1907-speaker_number-1,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1907-speakers-1,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1907-speaker_number-2,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 1907-speakers-2,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 1907-speaker_number-3,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1907-speakers-3,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 1907-speaker_number-4,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1907-speakers-4,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1907-speaker_number-5,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few speakers left.",bib5309,yes -1907-speakers-5,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few speakers left.",bib5309,yes -1907-LEI-1,1907,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1907-vitality-1,1907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1907-speaker_number-5,1907,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few speakers left.",bib5332,yes +1907-speakers-5,1907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few speakers left.",bib5332,yes +1907-LEI-1,1907,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1907-vitality-1,1907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1907-LEI-2,1907,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1907-vitality-2,1907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1907-LEI-3,1907,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1907-vitality-3,1907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 1907-LEI-4,1907,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1907-vitality-4,1907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1907-LEI-5,1907,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1907-transmission-5,1907,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1907-domains_of_use-5,1907,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1907-speaker_number_trends-5,1907,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1907-vitality-5,1907,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1908-context-1,1908,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been taking over...,bib5309,yes +1907-LEI-5,1907,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1907-transmission-5,1907,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1907-domains_of_use-5,1907,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1907-speaker_number_trends-5,1907,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1907-vitality-5,1907,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1908-context-1,1908,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been taking over...,bib5332,yes 1908-location-1,1908,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1908-location-2,1908,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.866472, 129.831508]]}",,,bib7945,no -1908-location-3,1908,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay, south of the Mariyedi and Manda languages""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1908-speaker_number-1,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1908-speakers-1,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1908-location-2,1908,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.866472, 129.831508]]}",,,bib7970,no +1908-location-3,1908,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay, south of the Mariyedi and Manda languages""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1908-speaker_number-1,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1908-speakers-1,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1908-speaker_number-2,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oates and Oates (1970).,bib67,no 1908-speakers-2,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oates and Oates (1970).,bib67,no -1908-speaker_number-3,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1908-speakers-3,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1908-speaker_number-3,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1908-speakers-3,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1908-speaker_number-4,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1908-speakers-4,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1908-speaker_number-5,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, twenty speakers were reported. ...there are now very few speakers left.",bib5309,yes -1908-speakers-5,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, twenty speakers were reported. ...there are now very few speakers left.",bib5309,yes -1908-LEI-1,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1908-vitality-1,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1908-speaker_number-5,1908,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, twenty speakers were reported. ...there are now very few speakers left.",bib5332,yes +1908-speakers-5,1908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, twenty speakers were reported. ...there are now very few speakers left.",bib5332,yes +1908-LEI-1,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1908-vitality-1,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1908-LEI-2,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1908-vitality-2,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1908-LEI-3,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1908-vitality-3,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1908-LEI-3,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1908-vitality-3,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1908-LEI-4,1908,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1908-vitality-4,1908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1908-LEI-5,1908,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1908-transmission-5,1908,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1908-domains_of_use-5,1908,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1908-speaker_number_trends-5,1908,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1908-vitality-5,1908,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1909-context-1,1909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been taking over.,bib5309,yes +1908-LEI-5,1908,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1908-transmission-5,1908,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1908-domains_of_use-5,1908,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1908-speaker_number_trends-5,1908,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1908-vitality-5,1908,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is no literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1909-context-1,1909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been taking over.,bib5332,yes 1909-location-1,1909,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1909-location-2,1909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.296972, 130.184075]]}",,,bib7945,no -1909-location-3,1909,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin and the Daly River, west of the Muldiva River, near its headwaters""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1909-speaker_number-1,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1909-speakers-1,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1909-location-2,1909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.296972, 130.184075]]}",,,bib7970,no +1909-location-3,1909,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin and the Daly River, west of the Muldiva River, near its headwaters""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1909-speaker_number-1,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1909-speakers-1,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1909-speaker_number-2,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1909-speakers-2,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1909-speaker_number-3,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1909-speakers-3,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 1909-speaker_number-4,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1909-speakers-4,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1909-speaker_number-5,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps fifteen speakers were reported. Now they are only very few.",bib5309,yes -1909-speakers-5,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps fifteen speakers were reported. Now they are only very few.",bib5309,yes -1909-LEI-1,1909,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1909-vitality-1,1909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1909-speaker_number-5,1909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps fifteen speakers were reported. Now they are only very few.",bib5332,yes +1909-speakers-5,1909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps fifteen speakers were reported. Now they are only very few.",bib5332,yes +1909-LEI-1,1909,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1909-vitality-1,1909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1909-LEI-2,1909,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1909-vitality-2,1909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1909-LEI-3,1909,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1909-vitality-3,1909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 1909-LEI-4,1909,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1909-vitality-4,1909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1909-LEI-5,1909,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1909-transmission-5,1909,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1909-domains_of_use-5,1909,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1909-speaker_number_trends-5,1909,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1909-vitality-5,1909,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1910-context-1,1910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,...speakers have shifted to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5309,yes +1909-LEI-5,1909,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1909-transmission-5,1909,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1909-domains_of_use-5,1909,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1909-speaker_number_trends-5,1909,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1909-vitality-5,1909,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1910-context-1,1910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,...speakers have shifted to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5332,yes 1910-location-1,1910,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1910-location-2,1910,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.377208, 130.262539]]}",,,bib7945,no -1910-location-3,1910,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, south of the Moyle River.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1910-speaker_number-1,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1910-speakers-1,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30-40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1910-location-2,1910,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.377208, 130.262539]]}",,,bib7970,no +1910-location-3,1910,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, south of the Moyle River.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1910-speaker_number-1,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1910-speakers-1,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30-40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1910-speaker_number-2,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1910-speakers-2,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1910-speaker_number-3,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1910-speakers-3,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -1910-speaker_number-4,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1910-speakers-4,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1910-speaker_number-4,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1910-speakers-4,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1910-speaker_number-5,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1910-speakers-5,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1910-speaker_number-6,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 30 to 40 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer...",bib5309,yes -1910-speakers-6,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30-40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 30 to 40 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer...",bib5309,yes -1910-LEI-1,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1910-vitality-1,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1910-speaker_number-6,1910,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 30 to 40 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer...",bib5332,yes +1910-speakers-6,1910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30-40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 30 to 40 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer...",bib5332,yes +1910-LEI-1,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1910-vitality-1,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1910-LEI-2,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1910-vitality-2,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1910-LEI-3,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1910-vitality-3,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1910-LEI-4,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1910-vitality-4,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1910-LEI-4,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1910-vitality-4,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1910-LEI-5,1910,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1910-vitality-5,1910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1910-LEI-6,1910,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1910-transmission-6,1910,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1910-domains_of_use-6,1910,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1910-speaker_number_trends-6,1910,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1910-vitality-6,1910,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes +1910-LEI-6,1910,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1910-transmission-6,1910,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1910-domains_of_use-6,1910,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1910-speaker_number_trends-6,1910,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1910-vitality-6,1910,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes 1911-location-1,1911,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1911-location-2,1911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.940756, 130.611972]]}",,,bib7945,no -1911-location-3,1911,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northeastern Northern Territory, south of Darwin and south of the Daly River, on the west bank of the Muldiva River.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1911-speaker_number-1,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1911-speakers-1,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1911-location-2,1911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.940756, 130.611972]]}",,,bib7970,no +1911-location-3,1911,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northeastern Northern Territory, south of Darwin and south of the Daly River, on the west bank of the Muldiva River.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1911-speaker_number-1,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1911-speakers-1,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1911-speaker_number-2,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1911-speakers-2,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no -1911-speaker_number-3,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1911-speakers-3,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +1911-speaker_number-3,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1911-speakers-3,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 1911-speaker_number-4,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1911-speakers-4,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1911-speaker_number-5,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 15 to 20 speakers were reported. ... There are very few speakers left today.",bib5309,yes -1911-speakers-5,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 15 to 20 speakers were reported. ... There are very few speakers left today.",bib5309,yes -1911-LEI-1,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1911-vitality-1,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1911-speaker_number-5,1911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 15 to 20 speakers were reported. ... There are very few speakers left today.",bib5332,yes +1911-speakers-5,1911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 15 to 20 speakers were reported. ... There are very few speakers left today.",bib5332,yes +1911-LEI-1,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1911-vitality-1,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1911-LEI-2,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1911-vitality-2,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1911-LEI-3,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1911-vitality-3,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1911-LEI-3,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1911-vitality-3,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1911-LEI-4,1911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1911-vitality-4,1911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1911-LEI-5,1911,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1911-transmission-5,1911,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1911-domains_of_use-5,1911,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1911-speaker_number_trends-5,1911,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1911-vitality-5,1911,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1912-location-1,1912,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the Cocos (Keeling) and Christmas Islands, Australia"", ""and the eastern & southeastern coastal districts of Sabah, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.19, 96.83]]}",,,bib6933,yes +1911-LEI-5,1911,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1911-transmission-5,1911,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1911-domains_of_use-5,1911,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1911-speaker_number_trends-5,1911,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1911-vitality-5,1911,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is no literacy in Madngele. ... The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1912-location-1,1912,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the Cocos (Keeling) and Christmas Islands, Australia"", ""and the eastern & southeastern coastal districts of Sabah, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.19, 96.83]]}",,,bib6957,yes 1912-location-2,1912,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 1912-speaker_number-1,1912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1912-speakers-1,1912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,443"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1912-speaker_number-2,1912,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6933,yes -1912-speakers-2,1912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700 in Australia; 1,000 in Singapore; 21,400 in Malaysia"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6933,yes +1912-speaker_number-2,1912,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6957,yes +1912-speakers-2,1912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700 in Australia; 1,000 in Singapore; 21,400 in Malaysia"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6957,yes 1912-speaker_number-3,1912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""4,000 in Malaysia"" (2000).",bib67,no 1912-speakers-3,1912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""4,000 in Malaysia"" (2000).",bib67,no 1912-LEI-1,1912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1912-vitality-1,1912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1912-LEI-2,1912,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6933,yes -1912-speaker_number_trends-2,1912,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6933,yes -1912-vitality-2,1912,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6933,yes +1912-LEI-2,1912,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6957,yes +1912-speaker_number_trends-2,1912,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6957,yes +1912-vitality-2,1912,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6957,yes 1912-LEI-3,1912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1912-vitality-3,1912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1913-context-1,1913,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,"They were all bilingual in the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, or in English.",bib5309,yes -1913-location-1,1913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, near the coast southwest of Anson Bay, southwest of Darwin.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +1913-context-1,1913,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,"They were all bilingual in the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, or in English.",bib5332,yes +1913-location-1,1913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, near the coast southwest of Anson Bay, southwest of Darwin.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 1913-location-2,1913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 1913-speaker_number-1,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1913-speakers-1,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1913-speaker_number-2,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1913-speakers-2,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -1913-speaker_number-3,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps twenty-five speakers were reported. ... The speakers are very few today.",bib5309,yes -1913-speakers-3,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps twenty-five speakers were reported. ... The speakers are very few today.",bib5309,yes +1913-speaker_number-2,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1913-speakers-2,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +1913-speaker_number-3,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps twenty-five speakers were reported. ... The speakers are very few today.",bib5332,yes +1913-speakers-3,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps twenty-five speakers were reported. ... The speakers are very few today.",bib5332,yes 1913-speaker_number-4,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1913-speakers-4,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 1913-speaker_number-5,1913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1913-speakers-5,1913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1913-LEI-1,1913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1913-vitality-1,1913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1913-LEI-2,1913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1913-vitality-2,1913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -1913-LEI-3,1913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1913-transmission-3,1913,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1913-domains_of_use-3,1913,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1913-speaker_number_trends-3,1913,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes -1913-vitality-3,1913,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is moribund.,bib5309,yes +1913-LEI-2,1913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1913-vitality-2,1913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +1913-LEI-3,1913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1913-transmission-3,1913,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1913-domains_of_use-3,1913,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1913-speaker_number_trends-3,1913,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes +1913-vitality-3,1913,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is moribund.,bib5332,yes 1913-LEI-4,1913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1913-vitality-4,1913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 1913-LEI-5,1913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1913-vitality-5,1913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1914-context-1,1914,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingual franca Kriol, which puts pressure on their language.",bib5309,yes +1914-context-1,1914,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingual franca Kriol, which puts pressure on their language.",bib5332,yes 1914-location-1,1914,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1914-location-2,1914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.34354907, 133.3128743]]}",,,bib1182,no -1914-location-3,1914,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northern central Arnhem Land, at Mataranka and Elsey Stations.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -1914-speaker_number-1,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1914-speakers-1,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1914-location-2,1914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.34354907, 133.3128743]]}",,,bib1191,no +1914-location-3,1914,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northern central Arnhem Land, at Mataranka and Elsey Stations.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +1914-speaker_number-1,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1914-speakers-1,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1914-speaker_number-2,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1914-speakers-2,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 1914-speaker_number-3,1914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 1914-speakers-3,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -1914-speaker_number-4,1914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1914-speakers-4,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +1914-speaker_number-4,1914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1914-speakers-4,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 1914-speaker_number-5,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1914-speakers-5,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1914-speaker_number-6,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, fifty or fewer speakers were reported. People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol... There are fewer speakers today...",bib5309,yes -1914-speakers-6,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, fifty or fewer speakers were reported. People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol... There are fewer speakers today...",bib5309,yes -1914-LEI-1,1914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1914-vitality-1,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1914-speaker_number-6,1914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, fifty or fewer speakers were reported. People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol... There are fewer speakers today...",bib5332,yes +1914-speakers-6,1914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, fifty or fewer speakers were reported. People generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol... There are fewer speakers today...",bib5332,yes +1914-LEI-1,1914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1914-vitality-1,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1914-LEI-2,1914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1914-vitality-2,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1914-LEI-3,1914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1914-vitality-3,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1914-LEI-4,1914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1914-vitality-4,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1914-LEI-4,1914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1914-vitality-4,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1914-LEI-5,1914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1914-vitality-5,1914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1914-LEI-6,1914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1914-transmission-6,1914,transmission,5,transmission-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1914-domains_of_use-6,1914,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1914-speaker_number_trends-6,1914,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1914-vitality-6,1914,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -1915-context-1,1915,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2135,yes -1915-context-2,1915,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yanyuwa, Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The speakers intermarry with the Yanywa speakers. Most of the Mara people speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol and are also bilingual in English. This puts pressure on the Mara language, with the speakers getting fewer.",bib5309,no +1914-LEI-6,1914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1914-transmission-6,1914,transmission,5,transmission-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1914-domains_of_use-6,1914,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1914-speaker_number_trends-6,1914,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1914-vitality-6,1914,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...the language is endangered or seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +1915-context-1,1915,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2148,yes +1915-context-2,1915,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yanyuwa, Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The speakers intermarry with the Yanywa speakers. Most of the Mara people speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol and are also bilingual in English. This puts pressure on the Mara language, with the speakers getting fewer.",bib5332,no 1915-location-1,1915,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -1915-location-2,1915,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.90794876, 135.1224023]]}",,,bib1182,no -1915-location-3,1915,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""Roper River region"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.0, 135.5]]}",,,bib2135,yes -1915-location-4,1915,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, southwestern Arnhem Land, in the Roper River area.""]}",,,bib5309,no -1915-speaker_number-1,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -1915-speakers-1,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +1915-location-2,1915,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.90794876, 135.1224023]]}",,,bib1191,no +1915-location-3,1915,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""Roper River region"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.0, 135.5]]}",,,bib2148,yes +1915-location-4,1915,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, southwestern Arnhem Land, in the Roper River area.""]}",,,bib5332,no +1915-speaker_number-1,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +1915-speakers-1,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 1915-speaker_number-2,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Sharpe (1991).,bib67,no 1915-speakers-2,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Sharpe (1991).,bib67,no 1915-speaker_number-3,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 1915-speakers-3,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -1915-speaker_number-4,1915,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are five elderly Marra speakers who are defying language shift in the Roper River region of Northern Australia, where all other Marra people now use Kriol, an English-based creole, as a lingua franca.",bib2135,yes -1915-speakers-4,1915,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are five elderly Marra speakers who are defying language shift in the Roper River region of Northern Australia, where all other Marra people now use Kriol, an English-based creole, as a lingua franca.",bib2135,yes +1915-speaker_number-4,1915,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are five elderly Marra speakers who are defying language shift in the Roper River region of Northern Australia, where all other Marra people now use Kriol, an English-based creole, as a lingua franca.",bib2148,yes +1915-speakers-4,1915,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are five elderly Marra speakers who are defying language shift in the Roper River region of Northern Australia, where all other Marra people now use Kriol, an English-based creole, as a lingua franca.",bib2148,yes 1915-speaker_number-5,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1915-speakers-5,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1915-speaker_number-6,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, fifteen or fewer speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -1915-speakers-6,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, fifteen or fewer speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -1915-LEI-1,1915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -1915-vitality-1,1915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +1915-speaker_number-6,1915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, fifteen or fewer speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +1915-speakers-6,1915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, fifteen or fewer speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +1915-LEI-1,1915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +1915-vitality-1,1915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 1915-LEI-2,1915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1915-vitality-2,1915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1915-LEI-3,1915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 1915-vitality-3,1915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -1915-LEI-4,1915,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2135,yes -1915-transmission-4,1915,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2135,yes -1915-vitality-4,1915,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2135,yes +1915-LEI-4,1915,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2148,yes +1915-transmission-4,1915,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2148,yes +1915-vitality-4,1915,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2148,yes 1915-LEI-5,1915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1915-vitality-5,1915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1915-LEI-6,1915,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -1915-transmission-6,1915,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -1915-domains_of_use-6,1915,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -1915-speaker_number_trends-6,1915,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -1915-vitality-6,1915,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -1916-context-1,1916,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1916-location-1,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""]}",,,bib2984,no +1915-LEI-6,1915,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +1915-transmission-6,1915,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +1915-domains_of_use-6,1915,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +1915-speaker_number_trends-6,1915,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +1915-vitality-6,1915,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +1916-context-1,1916,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1916-location-1,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""]}",,,bib2998,no 1916-location-2,1916,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0, -118.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1916-location-3,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""], ""Description"": ""North Nevada and adjacent areas of Oregon, California, and Idaho. About 20 reservations spread over 1,610 square km.""}",,,bib67,no 1916-location-4,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Nevada""]}",,"Nevada: north; adjacent areas of California, Idaho, Oregon. About 20 reservations spread over 1,610 square km.",bib70,no -1916-location-5,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.5883, -119.0595]]}",,,bib5307,no -1916-location-6,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""]}",,"Today limited numbers of speakers are found in reservation communities and colonies in Oregon, Nevada, California and Idaho, as well as in urban locations in these states. Principal communities are at Warm Springs and Burns, Oregon; Fort McDermitt, Owyhee, Winnemucca, Pyramid Lake, Reno-Sparks, Lovelock, Fallon, Yerington, and Walker River, Nevada; Lee Vining and Fort Bidwell, California. A variety (called Bannock) is also spoken by a few elderly people at Fort Hall, Idaho.",bib5217,yes -1916-location-7,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0439, -112.4566], [41.9979, -117.7193], [43.5883, -119.0595]]}",,,bib1709,no -1916-speaker_number-1,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1916-speakers-1,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~400""}",,,bib2984,no +1916-location-5,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.5883, -119.0595]]}",,,bib5330,no +1916-location-6,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""]}",,"Today limited numbers of speakers are found in reservation communities and colonies in Oregon, Nevada, California and Idaho, as well as in urban locations in these states. Principal communities are at Warm Springs and Burns, Oregon; Fort McDermitt, Owyhee, Winnemucca, Pyramid Lake, Reno-Sparks, Lovelock, Fallon, Yerington, and Walker River, Nevada; Lee Vining and Fort Bidwell, California. A variety (called Bannock) is also spoken by a few elderly people at Fort Hall, Idaho.",bib5240,yes +1916-location-7,1916,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nevada, Oregon, California, Idaho""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0439, -112.4566], [41.9979, -117.7193], [43.5883, -119.0595]]}",,,bib1721,no +1916-speaker_number-1,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1916-speakers-1,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~400""}",,,bib2998,no 1916-speaker_number-2,1916,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""US Census (2000) lists 25 Northern Paiute. Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1999).",bib67,no 1916-speakers-2,1916,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""US Census (2000) lists 25 Northern Paiute. Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1999).",bib67,no 1916-speaker_number-3,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"700 (Golla 2007). 400 semispeakers (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1999 SIL).",bib70,no 1916-speakers-3,1916,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,"700 (Golla 2007). 400 semispeakers (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1999 SIL).",bib70,no -1916-speaker_number-4,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1916-speakers-4,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""710"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1916-speaker_number-5,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,yes -1916-speakers-5,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,,bib5217,yes +1916-speaker_number-4,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1916-speakers-4,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""710"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1916-speaker_number-5,1916,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,yes +1916-speakers-5,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,,bib5240,yes 1916-speaker_number-6,1916,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1916-speakers-6,1916,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1916-LEI-1,1916,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1916-vitality-1,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1916-LEI-1,1916,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1916-vitality-1,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1916-LEI-2,1916,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1916-vitality-2,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1916-LEI-3,1916,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1916-transmission-3,1916,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1916-speaker_number_trends-3,1916,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1916-vitality-3,1916,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1916-LEI-4,1916,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1916-vitality-4,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1916-LEI-5,1916,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5217,yes -1916-transmission-5,1916,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5217,yes -1916-speaker_number_trends-5,1916,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5217,yes -1916-vitality-5,1916,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5217,yes +1916-LEI-4,1916,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1916-vitality-4,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1916-LEI-5,1916,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5240,yes +1916-transmission-5,1916,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5240,yes +1916-speaker_number_trends-5,1916,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5240,yes +1916-vitality-5,1916,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Fluency in all communities except Fort McDermitt is confined to speakers 60 years and above, roughly 300 speakers total. Fort McDermitt has a fluency rate above 50% (roughly 400 speakers), with about 20% to 30% of children acquiring it as their first language. Semi-speakers from all areas add another 400 to these figures.",bib5240,yes 1916-LEI-6,1916,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1916-vitality-6,1916,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1917-context-1,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no +1917-context-1,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no 1917-context-2,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,,bib70,no -1917-context-3,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -1917-context-4,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1917-context-3,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +1917-context-4,1917,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1917-location-1,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.45, -123.0]]}",,,bib73,yes -1917-location-2,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1917-location-2,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1917-location-3,1917,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.75, -123.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1917-location-4,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""US""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Southeast tip of Vancouver Island (Saanich dialect).\nWashington: San Juan Islands (Samish dialect), mainland south of San Juan Islands (Lummi dialect).""}",,,bib70,no 1917-location-5,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington, British Columbia. The Samish variety is currently geographically located in Anacortes, WA, USA, with historic ties to the San Juan islands.""}",,,bib181,no -1917-location-6,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.4457, -123.4205]]}",,,bib5307,no +1917-location-6,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.4457, -123.4205]]}",,,bib5330,no 1917-location-7,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Only speakers in British Columbia represented here. -Southern end of Vancouver Island.",bib2541,no -1917-location-8,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southern tip of Vancouver Island, the San Juan Islands, and the mainland immediately to the south of the US-Canadian border.""}",,"Southern tip of Vancouver Island, the San Juan Islands, and the mainland immediately to the south of the US-Canadian border.",bib5217,no -1917-location-9,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.488, -122.6363], [48.4457, -123.4205]]}",,,bib1709,no +Southern end of Vancouver Island.",bib2554,no +1917-location-8,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southern tip of Vancouver Island, the San Juan Islands, and the mainland immediately to the south of the US-Canadian border.""}",,"Southern tip of Vancouver Island, the San Juan Islands, and the mainland immediately to the south of the US-Canadian border.",bib5240,no +1917-location-9,1917,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.488, -122.6363], [48.4457, -123.4205]]}",,,bib1721,no 1917-speaker_number-1,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,This data is for speakers in British Columbia.,bib73,yes 1917-speakers-1,1917,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,294"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""305""}",,This data is for speakers in British Columbia.,bib73,yes -1917-speaker_number-2,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1917-speakers-2,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""hundreds""}",,,bib2984,no +1917-speaker_number-2,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1917-speakers-2,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""hundreds""}",,,bib2998,no 1917-speaker_number-3,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,7 speakers in Canada. 5 speakers in the US.,bib70,no 1917-speakers-3,1917,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,020"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100""}",,7 speakers in Canada. 5 speakers in the US.,bib70,no 1917-speaker_number-4,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"This data is for the Samish variety. There are fewer than ten fluent speakers, and about 15 others who are working on further documentation and revival efforts (Eastwood 2012).",bib181,no 1917-speakers-4,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"This data is for the Samish variety. There are fewer than ten fluent speakers, and about 15 others who are working on further documentation and revival efforts (Eastwood 2012).",bib181,no -1917-speaker_number-5,1917,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1917-speakers-5,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1917-speaker_number-6,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for speakers in British Columbia,bib1282,no -1917-speakers-6,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50""}",,Data for speakers in British Columbia,bib1282,no -1917-speaker_number-7,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2541,no -1917-speakers-7,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""103""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2541,no -1917-speaker_number-8,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Saanich: fewer than 20 first-language speakers, the youngest nearly 60 years old. However, there are up to 100 second-language speakers of varying degrees of fluency, and Saanich is frequently used in ceremonies and for tribal identity. Samish: about 5 speakers, but their speech is mixed with other dialects or with Halkomelem and they do not form a distinct speech community. Lummi: no active first-language speakers.",bib5217,no -1917-speakers-8,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~105""}",,"Saanich: fewer than 20 first-language speakers, the youngest nearly 60 years old. However, there are up to 100 second-language speakers of varying degrees of fluency, and Saanich is frequently used in ceremonies and for tribal identity. Samish: about 5 speakers, but their speech is mixed with other dialects or with Halkomelem and they do not form a distinct speech community. Lummi: no active first-language speakers.",bib5217,no +1917-speaker_number-5,1917,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1917-speakers-5,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1917-speaker_number-6,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +1917-speakers-6,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50""}",,Data for speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +1917-speaker_number-7,1917,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +1917-speakers-7,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""103""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +1917-speaker_number-8,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Saanich: fewer than 20 first-language speakers, the youngest nearly 60 years old. However, there are up to 100 second-language speakers of varying degrees of fluency, and Saanich is frequently used in ceremonies and for tribal identity. Samish: about 5 speakers, but their speech is mixed with other dialects or with Halkomelem and they do not form a distinct speech community. Lummi: no active first-language speakers.",bib5240,no +1917-speakers-8,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~105""}",,"Saanich: fewer than 20 first-language speakers, the youngest nearly 60 years old. However, there are up to 100 second-language speakers of varying degrees of fluency, and Saanich is frequently used in ceremonies and for tribal identity. Samish: about 5 speakers, but their speech is mixed with other dialects or with Halkomelem and they do not form a distinct speech community. Lummi: no active first-language speakers.",bib5240,no 1917-speaker_number-9,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1917-speakers-9,1917,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1917-speaker_number-10,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -1917-speakers-10,1917,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,482"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16 fluent and 165 semi-speakers. 523 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""165"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""523""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +1917-speaker_number-10,1917,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +1917-speakers-10,1917,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,482"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16 fluent and 165 semi-speakers. 523 language leaners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""165"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""523""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 1917-LEI-1,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1917-transmission-1,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1917-speaker_number_trends-1,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 1917-vitality-1,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1917-LEI-2,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1917-transmission-2,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1917-speaker_number_trends-2,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1917-vitality-2,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no +1917-LEI-2,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1917-transmission-2,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1917-speaker_number_trends-2,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1917-vitality-2,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no 1917-LEI-3,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ts’ooke, Semiahmoo, and Songish dialects have no remaining speakers. Ceremonies, tribal identity. Speakers 60 and older.",bib70,no 1917-transmission-3,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Ts’ooke, Semiahmoo, and Songish dialects have no remaining speakers. Ceremonies, tribal identity. Speakers 60 and older.",bib70,no 1917-speaker_number_trends-3,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Ts’ooke, Semiahmoo, and Songish dialects have no remaining speakers. Ceremonies, tribal identity. Speakers 60 and older.",bib70,no 1917-vitality-3,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Ts’ooke, Semiahmoo, and Songish dialects have no remaining speakers. Ceremonies, tribal identity. Speakers 60 and older.",bib70,no 1917-LEI-4,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib181,no 1917-vitality-4,1917,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib181,no -1917-LEI-5,1917,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1917-vitality-5,1917,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1917-LEI-6,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1917-transmission-6,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1917-speaker_number_trends-6,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1917-vitality-6,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1917-LEI-7,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1917-transmission-7,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1917-speaker_number_trends-7,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1917-vitality-7,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2541,no -1917-LEI-8,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1917-transmission-8,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1917-speaker_number_trends-8,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1917-vitality-8,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1917-LEI-5,1917,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1917-vitality-5,1917,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1917-LEI-6,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1917-transmission-6,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1917-speaker_number_trends-6,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1917-vitality-6,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 1.5% semispeakers, 15.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1917-LEI-7,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1917-transmission-7,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1917-speaker_number_trends-7,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1917-vitality-7,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 3.4% semispeakers, 8.2% learners.",bib2554,no +1917-LEI-8,1917,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1917-transmission-8,1917,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1917-speaker_number_trends-8,1917,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1917-vitality-8,1917,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1917-LEI-9,1917,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1917-vitality-9,1917,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1918-context-1,1918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no +1918-context-1,1918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no 1918-context-2,1918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1918-context-3,1918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1918-location-1,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1918-context-3,1918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1918-location-1,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1918-location-2,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[63.0, -137.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1918-location-3,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central Yukon, Mayo-Stewart, Selkirk-Pelly, Carmacks, Whitehorse, and White River areas.""}",,,bib67,no -1918-location-4,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.8255, -136.5838]]}",,,bib5307,no -1918-location-5,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""In the Yukon communities of Mayo, Pelly Crossing, Stewart Crossing, and Carmacks.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1918-speaker_number-1,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1918-speakers-1,1918,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1918-location-4,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.8255, -136.5838]]}",,,bib5330,no +1918-location-5,1918,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""In the Yukon communities of Mayo, Pelly Crossing, Stewart Crossing, and Carmacks.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1918-speaker_number-1,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1918-speakers-1,1918,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1918-speaker_number-2,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Krauss (1995). 210 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1,100 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 1918-speakers-2,1918,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Krauss (1995). 210 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1,100 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -1918-speaker_number-3,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1918-speakers-3,1918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1918-speaker_number-4,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,yes -1918-speakers-4,1918,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,yes +1918-speaker_number-3,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1918-speakers-3,1918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1918-speaker_number-4,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,yes +1918-speakers-4,1918,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,yes 1918-speaker_number-5,1918,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1918-speakers-5,1918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1918-LEI-1,1918,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language schools present,bib2984,no -1918-transmission-1,1918,transmission,5,transmission-5,Language schools present,bib2984,no -1918-vitality-1,1918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Language schools present,bib2984,no +1918-LEI-1,1918,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language schools present,bib2998,no +1918-transmission-1,1918,transmission,5,transmission-5,Language schools present,bib2998,no +1918-vitality-1,1918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Language schools present,bib2998,no 1918-LEI-2,1918,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.,bib67,no 1918-transmission-2,1918,transmission,4,transmission-4,Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.,bib67,no 1918-speaker_number_trends-2,1918,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.,bib67,no 1918-vitality-2,1918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Shifting to English [eng]. Older adults.,bib67,no -1918-LEI-3,1918,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1918-vitality-3,1918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1918-LEI-4,1918,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1918-transmission-4,1918,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,yes -1918-speaker_number_trends-4,1918,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -1918-vitality-4,1918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +1918-LEI-3,1918,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1918-vitality-3,1918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1918-LEI-4,1918,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1918-transmission-4,1918,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,yes +1918-speaker_number_trends-4,1918,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +1918-vitality-4,1918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 1918-LEI-5,1918,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1918-vitality-5,1918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1919-context-1,1919,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1919-location-1,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.29, -118.98]]}",,,bib73,yes -1919-location-2,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib2984,no +1919-location-2,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib2998,no 1919-location-3,1919,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.5, -118.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1919-location-4,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Canada: South central British Columbia, east of Fraser Valley and west of Kootenai. \nUSA:Colville Reservation, Washington.""}",,,bib70,no 1919-location-5,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""The Reservation, located in north central Washington, lies in a physiographic province called the Okanogan Highlands. The reservation is located in the southeastern section of Okanogan County and the southern half of Ferry County, but there are pieces of trust land located in Chelan County.""}",,,bib197,no -1919-location-6,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.3059, -119.3228]]}",,,bib5307,no -1919-location-7,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Washington: Spoken in a number of communities in southern interior British Columbia and northeastern Washington. There are seven Okanagan Reserves in British Columbia: Vernon, Douglas Lake, Westbank, Penticton, Keremeos (Lower Similkameen), Hedley (Upper Similkameen), and Oliver (Osoyoos).""}",,,bib5217,no -1919-location-8,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.3059, -119.3228]]}",,,bib1709,no +1919-location-6,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.3059, -119.3228]]}",,,bib5330,no +1919-location-7,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Washington: Spoken in a number of communities in southern interior British Columbia and northeastern Washington. There are seven Okanagan Reserves in British Columbia: Vernon, Douglas Lake, Westbank, Penticton, Keremeos (Lower Similkameen), Hedley (Upper Similkameen), and Oliver (Osoyoos).""}",,,bib5240,no +1919-location-8,1919,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.3059, -119.3228]]}",,,bib1721,no 1919-speaker_number-1,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nsyilxcen Number of speakers for British Columbia only.",bib73,yes 1919-speakers-1,1919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500 in British Colombia"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""797""}",,"http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nsyilxcen Number of speakers for British Columbia only.",bib73,yes -1919-speaker_number-2,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,High Okanagan literacy among speakers.,bib2984,no -1919-speakers-2,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""about 2,000""}",,High Okanagan literacy among speakers.,bib2984,no +1919-speaker_number-2,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,High Okanagan literacy among speakers.,bib2998,no +1919-speakers-2,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""about 2,000""}",,High Okanagan literacy among speakers.,bib2998,no 1919-speaker_number-3,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"400 in United States (Golla 2007). 400 on Colville Reservation, plus a few dozen elsewhere. 190 in Canada, increasing. Except for 12 fluent speakers on Westbank Reserve, the other reserves each have at least 50 speakers of varying fluency, Vernon Reserve perhaps 100.",bib70,no 1919-speakers-3,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Canada: 2014 (FPCC), USA: 2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""170""}",,"400 in United States (Golla 2007). 400 on Colville Reservation, plus a few dozen elsewhere. @@ -16902,164 +16964,164 @@ Eniat Chelan Nez Perce Lake (Arrow Lakes)",bib197,no -1919-speaker_number-5,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1919-speakers-5,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1919-speaker_number-6,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1282,no -1919-speakers-6,1919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,717"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""132"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""60""}",,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1282,no -1919-speaker_number-7,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Except for the Westbank Reserve, which may have as few as a dozen fluent speakers, all of the Okanagan Reserves have at least 50 speakers of varying degrees of fluency, the Vernon Reserve perhaps over 100.",bib5217,no -1919-speakers-7,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Except for the Westbank Reserve, which may have as few as a dozen fluent speakers, all of the Okanagan Reserves have at least 50 speakers of varying degrees of fluency, the Vernon Reserve perhaps over 100.",bib5217,no +1919-speaker_number-5,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1919-speakers-5,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1919-speaker_number-6,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1291,no +1919-speakers-6,1919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,717"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""132"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""60""}",,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1291,no +1919-speaker_number-7,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Except for the Westbank Reserve, which may have as few as a dozen fluent speakers, all of the Okanagan Reserves have at least 50 speakers of varying degrees of fluency, the Vernon Reserve perhaps over 100.",bib5240,no +1919-speakers-7,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Except for the Westbank Reserve, which may have as few as a dozen fluent speakers, all of the Okanagan Reserves have at least 50 speakers of varying degrees of fluency, the Vernon Reserve perhaps over 100.",bib5240,no 1919-speaker_number-8,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1919-speakers-8,1919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1919-speaker_number-9,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -1919-speakers-9,1919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,331"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""81 fluent and 418 semi-speakers. 1,016 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""418"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,016""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +1919-speaker_number-9,1919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +1919-speakers-9,1919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,331"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""81 fluent and 418 semi-speakers. 1,016 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""418"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,016""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 1919-LEI-1,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1919-vitality-1,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes -1919-LEI-2,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1919-vitality-2,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1919-LEI-2,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1919-vitality-2,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1919-LEI-3,1919,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Substantial revitalization efforts. Speakers 30 and older.,bib70,no 1919-transmission-3,1919,transmission,3,transmission-3,Substantial revitalization efforts. Speakers 30 and older.,bib70,no 1919-vitality-3,1919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Substantial revitalization efforts. Speakers 30 and older.,bib70,no -1919-LEI-4,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1919-vitality-4,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1919-LEI-5,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1282,no -1919-vitality-5,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1282,no -1919-LEI-6,1919,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1919-transmission-6,1919,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1919-speaker_number_trends-6,1919,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1919-vitality-6,1919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1919-LEI-4,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1919-vitality-4,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1919-LEI-5,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1291,no +1919-vitality-5,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1291,no +1919-LEI-6,1919,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1919-transmission-6,1919,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1919-speaker_number_trends-6,1919,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1919-vitality-6,1919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1919-LEI-7,1919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1919-vitality-7,1919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1920-context-1,1920,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1920-context-2,1920,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -1920-location-1,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2984,no +1920-context-2,1920,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +1920-location-1,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib2998,no 1920-location-2,1920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0, -97.25]]}",,,bib216,no 1920-location-3,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""East Nebraska (Omaha), Omaha Reservation, north central Oklahoma (Ponca).\nOmaha dialect: southeastern Nebraska, Macy and Walthill; in Iowa, south of Sioux City, east bank, Missouri river; Ponca dialect: south central Oklahoma, Red Rock area.""}",,,bib67,no -1920-location-4,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.0817, -96.4855]]}",,,bib5307,no -1920-location-5,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. The Ponca dialect is spoken in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.,bib5217,yes -1920-location-6,1920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0817, -96.4855]]}",,,bib1709,no -1920-speaker_number-1,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1920-speakers-1,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1920-location-4,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.0817, -96.4855]]}",,,bib5330,no +1920-location-5,1920,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Nebraska, Oklahoma""]}",,Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. The Ponca dialect is spoken in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.,bib5240,yes +1920-location-6,1920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0817, -96.4855]]}",,,bib1721,no +1920-speaker_number-1,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1920-speakers-1,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1920-speaker_number-2,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"85 (1986 SIL). 60 Omaha speakers (1993 V. Zeps): 25 fluent speakers over 60; a few semifluent speakers of Ponca. Omaha Journal Star (Aug 25, 2004) reported 70. Ethnic population: 365 Omaha and 163 Ponca (2000 US census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1920-speakers-2,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"85 (1986 SIL). 60 Omaha speakers (1993 V. Zeps): 25 fluent speakers over 60; a few semifluent speakers of Ponca. Omaha Journal Star (Aug 25, 2004) reported 70. Ethnic population: 365 Omaha and 163 Ponca (2000 US census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1920-speaker_number-3,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1920-speakers-3,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1920-speaker_number-4,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. There are fewer than 50 fluent first language speakers, the youngest about 60, and a larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners. The Ponca dialect is spoken by about 35 elderly people in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes -1920-speakers-4,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners.""}",,"Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. There are fewer than 50 fluent first language speakers, the youngest about 60, and a larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners. The Ponca dialect is spoken by about 35 elderly people in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes +1920-speaker_number-3,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1920-speakers-3,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1920-speaker_number-4,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. There are fewer than 50 fluent first language speakers, the youngest about 60, and a larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners. The Ponca dialect is spoken by about 35 elderly people in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes +1920-speakers-4,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners.""}",,"Most of the speakers of the Omaha dialect live in Macy and Walthill in rural southeastern Nebraska. There are fewer than 50 fluent first language speakers, the youngest about 60, and a larger number of semi-speakers and second-language learners. The Ponca dialect is spoken by about 35 elderly people in the Red Rock area of south central Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes 1920-speaker_number-5,1920,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1920-speakers-5,1920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1920-LEI-1,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1920-vitality-1,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1920-LEI-1,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1920-vitality-1,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1920-LEI-2,1920,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Formally for prayers, especially at funerals, for songs, powwow announcements, but usually translated into English [eng] for nonspeakers present. Speakers 60 and older. In 1985 only a few older women seemed less than fully fluent in at least the regional English [eng] (2013).",bib67,no 1920-transmission-2,1920,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Formally for prayers, especially at funerals, for songs, powwow announcements, but usually translated into English [eng] for nonspeakers present. Speakers 60 and older. In 1985 only a few older women seemed less than fully fluent in at least the regional English [eng] (2013).",bib67,no 1920-domains_of_use-2,1920,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Formally for prayers, especially at funerals, for songs, powwow announcements, but usually translated into English [eng] for nonspeakers present. Speakers 60 and older. In 1985 only a few older women seemed less than fully fluent in at least the regional English [eng] (2013).",bib67,no 1920-speaker_number_trends-2,1920,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Formally for prayers, especially at funerals, for songs, powwow announcements, but usually translated into English [eng] for nonspeakers present. Speakers 60 and older. In 1985 only a few older women seemed less than fully fluent in at least the regional English [eng] (2013).",bib67,no 1920-vitality-2,1920,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Formally for prayers, especially at funerals, for songs, powwow announcements, but usually translated into English [eng] for nonspeakers present. Speakers 60 and older. In 1985 only a few older women seemed less than fully fluent in at least the regional English [eng] (2013).",bib67,no -1920-LEI-3,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1920-vitality-3,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1920-LEI-4,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1920-vitality-4,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1920-LEI-3,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1920-vitality-3,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1920-LEI-4,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1920-vitality-4,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1920-LEI-5,1920,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1920-vitality-5,1920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1921-context-1,1921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -1921-location-1,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1921-location-1,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1921-location-2,1921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0, -75.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1921-location-3,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario, New York, Wisconsin: Southern Ontario, Six Nations Reserve. Central New York, east Wisconsin.""}",,,bib67,no 1921-location-4,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Ontario: Six Nations Reserve. US: central New York: central; east Wisconsin.",bib70,no -1921-location-5,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.5158, -88.0075]]}",,,bib5307,no -1921-location-6,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,"Near London, Ontario, at Green Bay, Wisconsin, and in New York state near Oneida. Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and at Green Bay, Wisconsin; some Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities.",bib5217,yes -1921-location-7,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0778, -75.6622], [42.8286, -81.4068], [44.5158, -88.0075]]}",,,bib1709,no -1921-speaker_number-1,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 200 fluent speakers in Ontario, and about 12 in Wisconsin (thus according to one source it is 200, and the other source it is 12). There is no accurate count for speaker numbers in New York, although ""some speakers are reported"" (Golla 2007:71).",bib2984,no -1921-speakers-1,1921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~212"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 200 fluent speakers in Ontario, and about 12 in Wisconsin (thus according to one source it is 200, and the other source it is 12). There is no accurate count for speaker numbers in New York, although ""some speakers are reported"" (Golla 2007:71).",bib2984,no +1921-location-5,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.5158, -88.0075]]}",,,bib5330,no +1921-location-6,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,"Near London, Ontario, at Green Bay, Wisconsin, and in New York state near Oneida. Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and at Green Bay, Wisconsin; some Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities.",bib5240,yes +1921-location-7,1921,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0778, -75.6622], [42.8286, -81.4068], [44.5158, -88.0075]]}",,,bib1721,no +1921-speaker_number-1,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 200 fluent speakers in Ontario, and about 12 in Wisconsin (thus according to one source it is 200, and the other source it is 12). There is no accurate count for speaker numbers in New York, although ""some speakers are reported"" (Golla 2007:71).",bib2998,no +1921-speakers-1,1921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~212"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 200 fluent speakers in Ontario, and about 12 in Wisconsin (thus according to one source it is 200, and the other source it is 12). There is no accurate count for speaker numbers in New York, although ""some speakers are reported"" (Golla 2007:71).",bib2998,no 1921-speaker_number-2,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 in Canada (Kincade 1991). Population total all countries: 250. Ethnic population: 1,500 to 2,000 (1997 H. Woodbury).",bib67,no 1921-speakers-2,1921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500-2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 speakers Canada, 1997 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 in Canada (Kincade 1991). Population total all countries: 250. Ethnic population: 1,500 to 2,000 (1997 H. Woodbury).",bib67,no 1921-speaker_number-3,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Canada: 180 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3,000 (Golla 2007). US: 12 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 11,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1921-speakers-3,1921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""192"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (US), 2007 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Canada: 180 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3,000 (Golla 2007). US: 12 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 11,000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1921-speaker_number-4,1921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1921-speakers-4,1921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1921-speaker_number-5,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, about 3,000 on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and 11,000 at Green Bay, Wisconsin. In addition, a few hundred Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities. There are about 200 fluent speakers of Oneida in Ontario and perhaps a dozen in Wisconsin; there are no reliable estimates for the New York Oneidas.",bib5217,yes -1921-speakers-5,1921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,500?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~212"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, about 3,000 on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and 11,000 at Green Bay, Wisconsin. In addition, a few hundred Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities. There are about 200 fluent speakers of Oneida in Ontario and perhaps a dozen in Wisconsin; there are no reliable estimates for the New York Oneidas.",bib5217,yes -1921-LEI-1,1921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1921-vitality-1,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1921-speaker_number-4,1921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1921-speakers-4,1921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1921-speaker_number-5,1921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, about 3,000 on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and 11,000 at Green Bay, Wisconsin. In addition, a few hundred Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities. There are about 200 fluent speakers of Oneida in Ontario and perhaps a dozen in Wisconsin; there are no reliable estimates for the New York Oneidas.",bib5240,yes +1921-speakers-5,1921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,500?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~212"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most of the modern Oneidas live in two widely separated reservation communities, about 3,000 on the Thames River near London, Ontario, and 11,000 at Green Bay, Wisconsin. In addition, a few hundred Oneidas continue to live in upstate New York, some on a small tract of land near the town of Oneida, and others dispersed into neighboring white and Indian communities. There are about 200 fluent speakers of Oneida in Ontario and perhaps a dozen in Wisconsin; there are no reliable estimates for the New York Oneidas.",bib5240,yes +1921-LEI-1,1921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1921-vitality-1,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1921-LEI-2,1921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1921-vitality-2,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1921-LEI-3,1921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults.,bib70,no 1921-transmission-3,1921,transmission,4,transmission-4,Older adults.,bib70,no 1921-speaker_number_trends-3,1921,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Older adults.,bib70,no 1921-vitality-3,1921,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Older adults.,bib70,no -1921-LEI-4,1921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1921-vitality-4,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1921-LEI-5,1921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1921-vitality-5,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -1922-location-1,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1921-LEI-4,1921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1921-vitality-4,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1921-LEI-5,1921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1921-vitality-5,1921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +1922-location-1,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1922-location-2,1922,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.75, -76.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1922-location-3,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""New York; Ontario: Southern Ontario, Six Nations Reserve.""}",,"Southern Ontario, Six Nations Reserve. Central New York south of Syracuse.",bib67,no 1922-location-4,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""]}",,"US: New York: south of Syracuse. Canada: New York: south of Syracuse.",bib70,no -1922-location-5,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.047, -76.1422]]}",,,bib5307,no -1922-location-6,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""New York, Ontario""}",,,bib5217,yes -1922-location-7,1922,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.1194, -80.1174], [43.047, -76.1422], [42.9473809, -76.1600231]]}",,,bib1709,no -1922-speaker_number-1,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About 40 in Ontario; about 12 in New York,bib2984,no -1922-speakers-1,1922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~52"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,About 40 in Ontario; about 12 in New York,bib2984,no +1922-location-5,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.047, -76.1422]]}",,,bib5330,no +1922-location-6,1922,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""New York, Ontario""}",,,bib5240,yes +1922-location-7,1922,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.1194, -80.1174], [43.047, -76.1422], [42.9473809, -76.1600231]]}",,,bib1721,no +1922-speaker_number-1,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About 40 in Ontario; about 12 in New York,bib2998,no +1922-speakers-1,1922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~52"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,About 40 in Ontario; about 12 in New York,bib2998,no 1922-speaker_number-2,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"75 in Canada (1991 H. Dale Kinkade). Population total all countries: 90. Ethnic population: 18,173 (1997 H. Woodbury).",bib67,no 1922-speakers-2,1922,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,173"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 speakers Canada, 1997 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"75 in Canada (1991 H. Dale Kinkade). Population total all countries: 90. Ethnic population: 18,173 (1997 H. Woodbury).",bib67,no 1922-speaker_number-3,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Canada: 40 (Golla 2007). US: 12 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1600 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1922-speakers-3,1922,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""52"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Canada: 40 (Golla 2007). US: 12 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1600 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1922-speaker_number-4,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1922-speakers-4,1922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1922-speaker_number-5,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,yes -1922-speakers-5,1922,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~52"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,yes +1922-speaker_number-4,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1922-speakers-4,1922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1922-speaker_number-5,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,yes +1922-speakers-5,1922,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~52"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,yes 1922-speaker_number-6,1922,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1922-speakers-6,1922,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1922-LEI-1,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1922-vitality-1,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1922-LEI-1,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1922-vitality-1,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1922-LEI-2,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1922-vitality-2,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1922-LEI-3,1922,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1922-transmission-3,1922,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1922-speaker_number_trends-3,1922,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1922-vitality-3,1922,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1922-LEI-4,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1922-vitality-4,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1922-LEI-5,1922,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5217,yes -1922-transmission-5,1922,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5217,yes -1922-speaker_number_trends-5,1922,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5217,yes -1922-vitality-5,1922,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5217,yes +1922-LEI-4,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1922-vitality-4,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1922-LEI-5,1922,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5240,yes +1922-transmission-5,1922,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5240,yes +1922-speaker_number_trends-5,1922,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5240,yes +1922-vitality-5,1922,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most modern Onondagas (about 1600) live on a reservation in their old homeland, south of Syracuse, a smaller community on the Six Nations Reserve in southern Ontario. There are about a dozen elderly speakers of Onondaga in New York, the youngest in their 70s, and about 40 more are reported in Ontario.",bib5240,yes 1922-LEI-6,1922,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1922-vitality-6,1922,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1923-context-1,1923,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Postive""}",,,bib70,no 1923-location-1,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Mi'kmaq is also spoken on the Miawpukek First Nation in Newfoundland and Labrador."", ""Coordinates"": [[47.863736, -55.756903]]}",,"Thank you to website user, Luke Hancox for contributing this information.",bib18,no -1923-location-2,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +1923-location-2,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 1923-location-3,1923,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0, -63.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1923-location-4,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central and north Nova Scotia, villages Afton, Pictou, Truro, Shubenagadie, Bear River, and Yarmouth, on Cape Breton Island: Memberto, Eskasoni, Chapel Island, Wakmatkug, and Waikoqomaq; Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick east coast: Fort Folly, Big Cove, Indian Island, Burnt Church, Eel Ground, Red Bank, Pabino Falls, and Eel River Bar; Quebec, east Gaspe Peninsula, villages: Gespe\u2019q, Gesgapeqiaq, Listuguj; 1 settlement, interior, Island of Newfoundland, south of Millertown, Newfoundland and Labrador."", ""Coordinates"": [[44.995883, -63.658081], [46.24825, -60.876068], [46.339343, -63.402924], [48.727209, -65.69989], [46.354511, -64.755066], [46.769968, -67.834499], [42.357529, -71.065166]]}",,,bib67,no 1923-location-5,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: New Brunswick province: Big Cove, Burnt Church, Eel Ground, Eel River Bar, Fort Folly, Indian Island, Pabino Falls, and Red Bank; Newfoundland and Labrador province: Newfoundland Island, 1 settlement south of Millertown; Nova Scotia: Afton, Bear River, Shubenagadie, Pictou, Truro, and Yarmouth, on Cape Breton Island: Chapel Island, Eskasoni, Memberto, Waikoqomaq, and Wakmatkuq; Prince Edward Island province; Quebec province: Gesgapeqiaq, Gespe’q, and Listuguj on east Gaspé peninsula. USA: Maine : north near Fort Fairfield; Massachusetts: Boston; scattered elsewhere.",bib70,no -1923-location-6,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3589, -71.0578], [45.9646, -60.6172]]}",,,bib5307,no -1923-location-7,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,"Spoken in over 25 reserves scattered across the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec, as well as in the United States, the most important speech communities being at Restigouche, Quebec; Big Cove, New Brunswick; and Eskasoni, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. There is also a large expatriate community of Micmacs in the United States, primarily in Boston,",bib5217,yes +1923-location-6,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3589, -71.0578], [45.9646, -60.6172]]}",,,bib5330,no +1923-location-7,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,"Spoken in over 25 reserves scattered across the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec, as well as in the United States, the most important speech communities being at Restigouche, Quebec; Big Cove, New Brunswick; and Eskasoni, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. There is also a large expatriate community of Micmacs in the United States, primarily in Boston,",bib5240,yes 1923-location-8,1923,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib233,no -1923-speaker_number-1,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -1923-speakers-1,1923,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +1923-speaker_number-1,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +1923-speakers-1,1923,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 1923-speaker_number-2,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""8,960 in Canada, decreasing. Ethnic population: 14,200 in Canada (1998 SIL). In Canada, 1,500 are in mainland Nova Scotia, 4,000 on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, 800 on Prince Edward Island and Lennox Island, 4,550 on the east coast of New Brunswick, 3,150 on the Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec, 200 in Newfoundland"".",bib67,no 1923-speakers-2,1923,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9290"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""8,960 in Canada, decreasing. Ethnic population: 14,200 in Canada (1998 SIL). In Canada, 1,500 are in mainland Nova Scotia, 4,000 on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, 800 on Prince Edward Island and Lennox Island, 4,550 on the east coast of New Brunswick, 3,150 on the Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec, 200 in Newfoundland"".",bib67,no 1923-speaker_number-3,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Canada: 8040 (2011 census), ethnic population 14,200 (1998 SIL). US: 230 (2010 census), ethnic population 6,800 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 1923-speakers-3,1923,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada), 2010 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Canada: 8040 (2011 census), ethnic population 14,200 (1998 SIL). US: 230 (2010 census), ethnic population 6,800 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -1923-speaker_number-4,1923,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1923-speakers-4,1923,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1923-speaker_number-5,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5217,yes -1923-speakers-5,1923,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5217,yes +1923-speaker_number-4,1923,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1923-speakers-4,1923,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1923-speaker_number-5,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5240,yes +1923-speakers-5,1923,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5240,yes 1923-speaker_number-6,1923,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1923-speakers-6,1923,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,510"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1923-LEI-1,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1923-vitality-1,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1923-LEI-1,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1923-vitality-1,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1923-LEI-2,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1923-vitality-2,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1923-LEI-3,1923,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some communities, only older adults. Virtually extinct in 5 communities, 4 of which are in English-speaking areas (Shubenagadie, Truro, Eel River Bar, Pabineo Falls) and the 5th in French-speaking Gaspé, Quebec. In larger areas children tend to begin speaking some Micmac, except in Listuguj, where some families educate children in French. In communities such as Gesgapegiaq, use is more vigorous. Each community has a committee or group whose task is to help enhance the language and culture. @@ -17074,29 +17136,29 @@ Mainly adults.",bib70,no 1923-vitality-3,1923,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In some communities, only older adults. Virtually extinct in 5 communities, 4 of which are in English-speaking areas (Shubenagadie, Truro, Eel River Bar, Pabineo Falls) and the 5th in French-speaking Gaspé, Quebec. In larger areas children tend to begin speaking some Micmac, except in Listuguj, where some families educate children in French. In communities such as Gesgapegiaq, use is more vigorous. Each community has a committee or group whose task is to help enhance the language and culture. Mainly adults.",bib70,no -1923-LEI-4,1923,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1923-vitality-4,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1923-LEI-5,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1923-vitality-5,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1923-LEI-4,1923,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1923-vitality-4,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1923-LEI-5,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1923-vitality-5,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1923-LEI-6,1923,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1923-vitality-6,1923,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1924-context-2,1924,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes, tribal government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Yes, through the Miami Tribe's partnership with Miami University, known as the Myaamia Center"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib677,yes -1924-location-1,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Illinois and northern Indiana""}",,,bib2984,no +1924-context-2,1924,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes, tribal government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Yes, through the Miami Tribe's partnership with Miami University, known as the Myaamia Center"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib681,yes +1924-location-1,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Illinois and northern Indiana""}",,,bib2998,no 1924-location-2,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.0, -90.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1924-location-3,1924,location,"{""Description"": ""The community is a diasporic community spread across the United States. As a result, the language is\nspoken in many different areas, however the known hot spots for high language use are Indiana, Ohio and\nOklahoma""}",,,bib677,yes +1924-location-3,1924,location,"{""Description"": ""The community is a diasporic community spread across the United States. As a result, the language is\nspoken in many different areas, however the known hot spots for high language use are Indiana, Ohio and\nOklahoma""}",,,bib681,yes 1924-location-4,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma, Indiana""}",,,bib208,no -1924-location-5,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib5217,no -1924-location-6,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are two groups whose members are involved in Myaamia language revitalization: the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma (Miami, Oklahoma) and the Miami Nation of Indiana (Peru, Indiana)."", ""Coordinates"": [[36.8744, -94.8772], [40.7536, -86.0689]]}",,,bib1575,no +1924-location-5,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib5240,no +1924-location-6,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are two groups whose members are involved in Myaamia language revitalization: the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma (Miami, Oklahoma) and the Miami Nation of Indiana (Peru, Indiana)."", ""Coordinates"": [[36.8744, -94.8772], [40.7536, -86.0689]]}",,,bib1587,no 1924-location-7,1924,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Miami dialect: north central Indiana; Miami and Peoria dialects: northeast Oklahoma.""}",,,bib69,no -1924-speakers-1,1924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Was extinct, but well documented. A tribal scholar studied documentation, became a fluent second language speaker, and is raising his two children to speak the language.",bib2984,no -1924-speakers-2,1924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No first-language (L1) speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100""}",,"The number of speakers is difficult to track, due to our language revitalization efforts that have spread the language beyond a core group, and no census having been done.",bib677,yes +1924-speakers-1,1924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Was extinct, but well documented. A tribal scholar studied documentation, became a fluent second language speaker, and is raising his two children to speak the language.",bib2998,no +1924-speakers-2,1924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No first-language (L1) speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100""}",,"The number of speakers is difficult to track, due to our language revitalization efforts that have spread the language beyond a core group, and no census having been done.",bib681,yes 1924-speakers-3,1924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,No fluent L1 speakers.,bib208,no -1924-speakers-4,1924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Speakers of at least some varieties survived into the 20th century, but there have been no fluent first-language speakers since 1962.",bib5217,no +1924-speakers-4,1924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Speakers of at least some varieties survived into the 20th century, but there have been no fluent first-language speakers since 1962.",bib5240,no 1924-speakers-5,1924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977 (for ethnic population figures)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A Miami language scholar has acquired L2 fluency and his 2 youngest children are acquiring it as L1.""}",,No fluent L1 speakers since 1962 (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -1924-LEI-1,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2984,no -1924-vitality-1,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2984,no -1924-LEI-2,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib677,yes -1924-vitality-2,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib677,yes +1924-LEI-1,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2998,no +1924-vitality-1,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2998,no +1924-LEI-2,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib681,yes +1924-vitality-2,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib681,yes 1924-LEI-3,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,"The Myaamia Center (formally the Myaamia Project), created in 2001, is a tribal initiative located within an academic environment to advance the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma’s language and cultural revitalization efforts. The Myaamia Center has two main purposes. The first is to conduct in-depth research to assist tribal educational initiatives aimed at the preservation of language and culture. This research is used to create a wide range of educational models and materials for community language and cultural programs. @@ -17107,127 +17169,127 @@ The second purpose is to expose undergraduate and graduate students at Miami Uni The Myaamia Center has two main purposes. The first is to conduct in-depth research to assist tribal educational initiatives aimed at the preservation of language and culture. This research is used to create a wide range of educational models and materials for community language and cultural programs. The second purpose is to expose undergraduate and graduate students at Miami University to tribal efforts in language and cultural revitalization. Student experiences are gained through a wide range of activities including visits to Oklahoma, direct involvement in research initiatives, class visitations by Center staff, and access to Miami Tribe language and cultural resources.",bib208,no -1924-LEI-4,1924,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -1924-vitality-4,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +1924-LEI-4,1924,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +1924-vitality-4,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 1924-LEI-5,1924,LEI,Awakening (),,Miami University of Ohio with support of the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma has developed the Myaamia Center for study of Miami culture and language. Courses are offered there and the Miami Tribe has been developing youth programs since 2005 (2013 D. Baldwin).,bib69,no 1924-vitality-5,1924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Miami University of Ohio with support of the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma has developed the Myaamia Center for study of Miami culture and language. Courses are offered there and the Miami Tribe has been developing youth programs since 2005 (2013 D. Baldwin).,bib69,no 1925-context-1,1925,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1925-location-1,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""]}",,,bib2984,no +1925-location-1,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""]}",,,bib2998,no 1925-location-2,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.25, -108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1925-location-3,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, Mescalero Reservation; some Chiricahua at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no 1925-location-4,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: New Mexico, Oklahoma""]}",,"New Mexico: Mescalero Reservation. Oklahoma: some Chiricahua at Fort Sill.",bib70,no -1925-location-5,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.8986, -98.3589]]}",,,bib5307,no -1925-location-6,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, New Mexico""]}",,"Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico. The principal Chiricahua community is at Ft. Sill, in southwestern Oklahoma, where they settled early in the 20th century.",bib5217,yes -1925-location-7,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.1514, -105.7942], [34.8986, -98.3589]]}",,,bib1709,no -1925-speaker_number-1,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -1925-speakers-1,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +1925-location-5,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.8986, -98.3589]]}",,,bib5330,no +1925-location-6,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, New Mexico""]}",,"Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico. The principal Chiricahua community is at Ft. Sill, in southwestern Oklahoma, where they settled early in the 20th century.",bib5240,yes +1925-location-7,1925,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.1514, -105.7942], [34.8986, -98.3589]]}",,,bib1721,no +1925-speaker_number-1,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +1925-speakers-1,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 1925-speaker_number-2,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""175 Chiricahua speakers, 149 in New Mexico (2000 US census)."" Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 2000. Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1977).",bib67,no 1925-speakers-2,1925,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,395"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""175 Chiricahua speakers, 149 in New Mexico (2000 US census)."" Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 2000. Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1977).",bib67,no 1925-speaker_number-3,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1500 (Golla 2007). 1,500 Mescalero in New Mexico, 3 Chiricahua in Oklahoma (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: >3000 Mescalero (Golla 2007). 175 Chiricahua, including 149 in New Mexico (2000 census).",bib70,no 1925-speakers-3,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1500 (Golla 2007). 1,500 Mescalero in New Mexico, 3 Chiricahua in Oklahoma (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: >3000 Mescalero (Golla 2007). 175 Chiricahua, including 149 in New Mexico (2000 census).",bib70,no -1925-speaker_number-4,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1925-speakers-4,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,503"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1925-speaker_number-5,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Over 1,500 members — slightly under half — of the Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico are first-language speakers of Mescalero-Chiricahua, most of them Mescaleros, although perhaps a dozen identify as Chiricahuas.",bib5217,yes -1925-speakers-5,1925,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,800?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Over 1,500 members — slightly under half — of the Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico are first-language speakers of Mescalero-Chiricahua, most of them Mescaleros, although perhaps a dozen identify as Chiricahuas.",bib5217,yes +1925-speaker_number-4,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1925-speakers-4,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,503"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1925-speaker_number-5,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Over 1,500 members — slightly under half — of the Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico are first-language speakers of Mescalero-Chiricahua, most of them Mescaleros, although perhaps a dozen identify as Chiricahuas.",bib5240,yes +1925-speakers-5,1925,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,800?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Over 1,500 members — slightly under half — of the Mescalero Tribe of New Mexico are first-language speakers of Mescalero-Chiricahua, most of them Mescaleros, although perhaps a dozen identify as Chiricahuas.",bib5240,yes 1925-speaker_number-6,1925,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1925-speakers-6,1925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1925-LEI-1,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1925-vitality-1,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1925-LEI-1,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1925-vitality-1,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1925-LEI-2,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1925-vitality-2,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1925-LEI-3,1925,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A few Chiricahua semispeakers in Oklahoma. Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1925-transmission-3,1925,transmission,5,transmission-5,A few Chiricahua semispeakers in Oklahoma. Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1925-speaker_number_trends-3,1925,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,A few Chiricahua semispeakers in Oklahoma. Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 1925-vitality-3,1925,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,A few Chiricahua semispeakers in Oklahoma. Mainly older adults.,bib70,no -1925-LEI-4,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1925-vitality-4,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1925-LEI-5,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1925-vitality-5,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1925-LEI-4,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1925-vitality-4,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1925-LEI-5,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1925-vitality-5,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1925-LEI-6,1925,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1925-vitality-6,1925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1926-location-1,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""]}",,,bib2984,no -1926-location-2,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""]}",,,bib4820,no +1926-location-1,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""]}",,,bib2998,no +1926-location-2,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""]}",,,bib4842,no 1926-location-3,1926,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5, -88.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1926-location-4,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Wisconsin, former Menomini Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no -1926-location-5,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9356, -88.6144]]}",,,bib5307,no -1926-location-6,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Menominee Reservation in northern Wisconsin in the towns of Keshena, Neopit, South Branch, and Zoar.""}",,"Spoken on the Menominee Reservation in northern Wisconsin in the towns of Keshena, Neopit, South Branch, and Zoar.",bib5217,yes -1926-location-7,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9356, -88.6144]]}",,,bib1709,no -1926-speaker_number-1,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1926-speakers-1,1926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""25""}",,,bib2984,no +1926-location-5,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9356, -88.6144]]}",,,bib5330,no +1926-location-6,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Menominee Reservation in northern Wisconsin in the towns of Keshena, Neopit, South Branch, and Zoar.""}",,"Spoken on the Menominee Reservation in northern Wisconsin in the towns of Keshena, Neopit, South Branch, and Zoar.",bib5240,yes +1926-location-7,1926,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Wisconsin""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.9356, -88.6144]]}",,,bib1721,no +1926-speaker_number-1,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1926-speakers-1,1926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""25""}",,,bib2998,no 1926-speaker_number-2,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. 35 (Golla 2007), 65 semispeakers (Golla 2007), ethnic population 800 (2000 census), L2 users: 25 (2016).",bib67,no 1926-speakers-2,1926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""799"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census. 35 (Golla 2007), 65 semispeakers (Golla 2007), ethnic population 800 (2000 census), L2 users: 25 (2016).",bib67,no -1926-speaker_number-3,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1926-speakers-3,1926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1926-speaker_number-4,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"It is spoken as a first language by about 35 people, none under 50 years old, and by an additional 25 (none under 50) who have acquired second-language fluency.",bib5217,yes -1926-speakers-4,1926,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""None under 50 years old."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"It is spoken as a first language by about 35 people, none under 50 years old, and by an additional 25 (none under 50) who have acquired second-language fluency.",bib5217,yes +1926-speaker_number-3,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1926-speakers-3,1926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1926-speaker_number-4,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"It is spoken as a first language by about 35 people, none under 50 years old, and by an additional 25 (none under 50) who have acquired second-language fluency.",bib5240,yes +1926-speakers-4,1926,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""None under 50 years old."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"It is spoken as a first language by about 35 people, none under 50 years old, and by an additional 25 (none under 50) who have acquired second-language fluency.",bib5240,yes 1926-speaker_number-5,1926,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1926-speakers-5,1926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1926-LEI-1,1926,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1926-domains_of_use-1,1926,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -1926-vitality-1,1926,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2984,no +1926-LEI-1,1926,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1926-domains_of_use-1,1926,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +1926-vitality-1,1926,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2998,no 1926-LEI-2,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1926-vitality-2,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1926-LEI-3,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1926-vitality-3,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1926-LEI-4,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1926-vitality-4,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1926-LEI-3,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1926-vitality-3,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1926-LEI-4,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1926-vitality-4,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1926-LEI-5,1926,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1926-vitality-5,1926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1929-location-1,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""]}",,,bib2984,no +1929-location-1,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""]}",,,bib2998,no 1929-location-2,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.1666666667, -113.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1929-location-3,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Near Phoenix, Arizona, associated with Pima [ood] language speakers on Gila River and Salt River reservations.""}",,,bib67,no -1929-location-4,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.3772, -112.1676]]}",,,bib5307,no -1929-location-5,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Most of whom live at the Maricopa Colony at Laveen, on the Gila River Reservation south of Phoenix, and in the community of Lehi on the Salt River Reservation northeast of Phoenix.""}",,,bib5217,yes -1929-location-6,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.3772, -112.1676]]}",,,bib1709,no -1929-speaker_number-1,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1929-speakers-1,1929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1929-location-4,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.3772, -112.1676]]}",,,bib5330,no +1929-location-5,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Most of whom live at the Maricopa Colony at Laveen, on the Gila River Reservation south of Phoenix, and in the community of Lehi on the Salt River Reservation northeast of Phoenix.""}",,,bib5240,yes +1929-location-6,1929,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.3772, -112.1676]]}",,,bib1721,no +1929-speaker_number-1,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1929-speakers-1,1929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1929-speaker_number-2,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1997). 100 (Golla 2007), ethnic population 800 (Golla 2007). 160 in Arizona (2000 census). (2016).",bib67,no 1929-speakers-2,1929,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census. Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1997). 100 (Golla 2007), ethnic population 800 (Golla 2007). 160 in Arizona (2000 census). (2016).",bib67,no -1929-speaker_number-3,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1929-speakers-3,1929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1929-speaker_number-4,1929,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,yes -1929-speakers-4,1929,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,yes +1929-speaker_number-3,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1929-speakers-3,1929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1929-speaker_number-4,1929,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,yes +1929-speakers-4,1929,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,yes 1929-speaker_number-5,1929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1929-speakers-5,1929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""181"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1929-LEI-1,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1929-vitality-1,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1929-LEI-1,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1929-vitality-1,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1929-LEI-2,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 1929-vitality-2,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -1929-LEI-3,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1929-vitality-3,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1929-LEI-4,1929,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -1929-vitality-4,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +1929-LEI-3,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1929-vitality-3,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1929-LEI-4,1929,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +1929-vitality-4,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 1929-LEI-5,1929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1929-vitality-5,1929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1930-context-1,1930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Funding for the Makah Language Program is provided by the Administration for Native Americans, Makah Cultural and Research Center and the Makah Tribal Council."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib205,yes 1930-context-2,1930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1930-context-3,1930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib5647,no +1930-context-3,1930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib5671,no 1930-location-1,1930,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib205,yes 1930-location-2,1930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.3333333333, -124.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1930-location-3,1930,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Washington""]}",,"Washington: Neah Bay on northern tip of Olympic Peninsula, opposite Vancouver Island.",bib70,no -1930-location-4,1930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.3658, -124.6118]]}",,,bib5307,no -1930-location-5,1930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.3658, -124.6118]]}",,,bib1709,no +1930-location-4,1930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.3658, -124.6118]]}",,,bib5330,no +1930-location-5,1930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.3658, -124.6118]]}",,,bib1721,no 1930-location-6,1930,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington Olympic Peninsula northern tip, Neah Bay, opposite Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib69,no -1930-speaker_number-1,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1930-speakers-1,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +1930-speaker_number-1,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1930-speakers-1,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 1930-speakers-2,1930,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Makah Language Program conducts research, documentation analysis, curriculum development, and teaching of the Makah Language to the Neah Bay Elementary and High School. An Elementary Makah Language Dictionary is forth coming.",bib205,yes 1930-speakers-3,1930,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Last speaker died in 2002. Ethnic population: 2,220 (2000 census).",bib70,no -1930-speakers-4,1930,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"June 2010: Robert ""Bob"" Greene Sr., the eldest Makah man and the tribe's second-to-last World War II veteran, died of natural causes on Monday. He was 92 ...""He was the one in our tribe who was the most fluent in speaking our native language.""",bib5647,no -1930-speaker_number-5,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1930-speakers-5,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1930-speaker_number-6,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.,bib5217,no -1930-speakers-6,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""~12""}",,About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.,bib5217,no +1930-speakers-4,1930,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"June 2010: Robert ""Bob"" Greene Sr., the eldest Makah man and the tribe's second-to-last World War II veteran, died of natural causes on Monday. He was 92 ...""He was the one in our tribe who was the most fluent in speaking our native language.""",bib5671,no +1930-speaker_number-5,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1930-speakers-5,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1930-speaker_number-6,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.,bib5240,no +1930-speakers-6,1930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""~12""}",,About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.,bib5240,no 1930-speaker_number-7,1930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Golla (2007) cited for speaker numbers; 2000 census cited for ethnic population.,bib69,no 1930-speakers-7,1930,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Golla (2007) cited for speaker numbers; 2000 census cited for ethnic population.,bib69,no -1930-LEI-1,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1930-vitality-1,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1930-LEI-1,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1930-vitality-1,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1930-LEI-2,1930,LEI,Awakening (),,"The goals of the Makah Language Program (MLP) are as follows: 1. To preserve the Makah Language @@ -17240,112 +17302,112 @@ Oklahoma: some Chiricahua at Fort Sill.",bib70,no 3. To educate our children and people as scholars, able to compete anywhere in today's world and yet maintain their Tribal heritage",bib205,yes 1930-LEI-3,1930,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,no 1930-vitality-3,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no -1930-LEI-4,1930,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5647,no -1930-vitality-4,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5647,no -1930-LEI-5,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1930-vitality-5,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1930-LEI-6,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1930-vitality-6,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +1930-LEI-4,1930,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5671,no +1930-vitality-4,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5671,no +1930-LEI-5,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1930-vitality-5,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1930-LEI-6,1930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1930-vitality-6,1930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 1930-LEI-7,1930,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Since late 1970s Makah Cultural and Research Center has sponsored language education at Neah Bay (Golla 2007). Elderly only.,bib69,no 1930-transmission-7,1930,transmission,5,transmission-5,Since late 1970s Makah Cultural and Research Center has sponsored language education at Neah Bay (Golla 2007). Elderly only.,bib69,no 1930-vitality-7,1930,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Since late 1970s Makah Cultural and Research Center has sponsored language education at Neah Bay (Golla 2007). Elderly only.,bib69,no -1932-location-1,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib2984,no +1932-location-1,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib2998,no 1932-location-2,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.3333333333, -117.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1932-location-3,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Traditionally spoken on the San Luis Rey River, from the coast to its headwaters above Lake Henshaw, and to the south, as well as on the upper Santa Margarita River and around Lake Elsinore-Temecula.""}",,,bib193,no -1932-location-4,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.4622, -117.1269]]}",,,bib5307,no -1932-location-5,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib5217,no -1932-location-6,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.4622, -117.1269]]}",,,bib1709,no +1932-location-4,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.4622, -117.1269]]}",,,bib5330,no +1932-location-5,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib5240,no +1932-location-6,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.4622, -117.1269]]}",,,bib1721,no 1932-location-7,1932,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southern California""}",,,bib69,no -1932-speaker_number-1,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -1932-speakers-1,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no +1932-speaker_number-1,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +1932-speakers-1,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no 1932-speakers-2,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Unfortunately, all fluent Luiseño speakers in the Pauma community have passed on. It is critical to our tribe to revitalize our language. Some of our revitalization efforts include assisting tribal speakers in improving their skills in speaking and teaching the language so that new speakers are continually evolving. The Pauma band works with many partners to promote Luiseño language revitalization and has established partnerships with First Voices, the Indigenous Language Institute , and Palomar College. Our revitalization efforts also include the use of online resources and website technology training. Our partnership with Palomar College delivers hands on online language courses that have been successfully used by many of our tribal members. Future plans include the development of a radio station that will use the Luiseño language for public service announcements and language development.",bib128,no 1932-speakers-3,1932,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500 Luise\u00f1o and Juane\u00f1o descendents"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"Today, there are no first-language speakers.",bib193,no -1932-speakers-4,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Culturally significant, academically sound, and socially appropriate education for Native American children is possible. With guidance and support from elders, and the helping hand of dedicated teams and technology, the Pechanga Tribe is teaching our children our language, songs, stories and traditions.",bib3019,yes -1932-speaker_number-5,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1932-speakers-5,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -1932-speaker_number-6,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Between 5 and 10 elderly speakers or semi-speakers of Luiseño remain.,bib5217,no -1932-speakers-6,1932,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Between 5 and 10 elderly speakers or semi-speakers of Luiseño remain.,bib5217,no +1932-speakers-4,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Culturally significant, academically sound, and socially appropriate education for Native American children is possible. With guidance and support from elders, and the helping hand of dedicated teams and technology, the Pechanga Tribe is teaching our children our language, songs, stories and traditions.",bib3033,yes +1932-speaker_number-5,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1932-speakers-5,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +1932-speaker_number-6,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Between 5 and 10 elderly speakers or semi-speakers of Luiseño remain.,bib5240,no +1932-speakers-6,1932,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Between 5 and 10 elderly speakers or semi-speakers of Luiseño remain.,bib5240,no 1932-speaker_number-7,1932,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1932-speakers-7,1932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 1932-speaker_number-8,1932,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(Golla 2007.) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no 1932-speakers-8,1932,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"(Golla 2007.) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no -1932-LEI-1,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1932-vitality-1,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1932-LEI-1,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1932-vitality-1,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1932-LEI-2,1932,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib128,no 1932-vitality-2,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib128,no 1932-LEI-3,1932,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib193,no 1932-vitality-3,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib193,no -1932-LEI-4,1932,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3019,yes -1932-vitality-4,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3019,yes -1932-LEI-5,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1932-vitality-5,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1932-LEI-6,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1932-transmission-6,1932,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1932-speaker_number_trends-6,1932,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1932-vitality-6,1932,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1932-LEI-4,1932,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3033,yes +1932-vitality-4,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3033,yes +1932-LEI-5,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1932-vitality-5,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1932-LEI-6,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1932-transmission-6,1932,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1932-speaker_number_trends-6,1932,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1932-vitality-6,1932,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1932-LEI-7,1932,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1932-vitality-7,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1932-LEI-8,1932,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1932-vitality-8,1932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1933-context-1,1933,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4336,yes -1933-location-1,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[65.157778, -149.37], [64.521111, -146.980556], [64.558056, -149.090556]]}",,"Spoken in Minto, Nenana and formerly in Salcha and Chena Village.",bib4336,yes -1933-location-2,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Nenana and Minto.""}",,,bib2984,no +1933-context-1,1933,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4357,yes +1933-location-1,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[65.157778, -149.37], [64.521111, -146.980556], [64.558056, -149.090556]]}",,"Spoken in Minto, Nenana and formerly in Salcha and Chena Village.",bib4357,yes +1933-location-2,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Nenana and Minto.""}",,,bib2998,no 1933-location-3,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[65.0, -150.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1933-location-4,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Central Alaska, Tanana river below Fairbanks, Nenana, and Minto.""}",,,bib67,no 1933-location-5,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Tanana River below Fairbanks, Minto, and Nenana.",bib70,no -1933-location-6,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.605, -149.0625]]}",,"The reported number is likely overstated. As of 2015 there were fewer than 5 fluent speakers (Gary Holton, personal communication).",bib5307,no -1933-location-7,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib5217,no -1933-location-8,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.605, -149.0625]]}",,,bib1709,no -1933-speaker_number-1,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4336,yes -1933-speakers-1,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4336,yes -1933-speaker_number-2,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -1933-speakers-2,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""384"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""all native speakers (about 30)""}",,,bib2984,no +1933-location-6,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.605, -149.0625]]}",,"The reported number is likely overstated. As of 2015 there were fewer than 5 fluent speakers (Gary Holton, personal communication).",bib5330,no +1933-location-7,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib5240,no +1933-location-8,1933,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.605, -149.0625]]}",,,bib1721,no +1933-speaker_number-1,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4357,yes +1933-speakers-1,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4357,yes +1933-speaker_number-2,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +1933-speakers-2,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""384"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""all native speakers (about 30)""}",,,bib2998,no 1933-speaker_number-3,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from M. Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 1933-speakers-3,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from M. Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 1933-speaker_number-4,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,15 (Krauss 2007). Ethnic population: 400 (Krauss 2007).,bib70,no 1933-speakers-4,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,15 (Krauss 2007). Ethnic population: 400 (Krauss 2007).,bib70,no -1933-speaker_number-5,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -1933-speakers-5,1933,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -1933-speaker_number-6,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -1933-speakers-6,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,,bib5217,no -1933-LEI-1,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4336,yes -1933-transmission-1,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4336,yes -1933-speaker_number_trends-1,1933,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4336,yes -1933-vitality-1,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4336,yes -1933-LEI-2,1933,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1933-vitality-2,1933,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +1933-speaker_number-5,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +1933-speakers-5,1933,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +1933-speaker_number-6,1933,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +1933-speakers-6,1933,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""all elderly""}",,,bib5240,no +1933-LEI-1,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4357,yes +1933-transmission-1,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4357,yes +1933-speaker_number_trends-1,1933,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4357,yes +1933-vitality-1,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4357,yes +1933-LEI-2,1933,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1933-vitality-2,1933,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 1933-LEI-3,1933,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1933-vitality-3,1933,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1933-LEI-4,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1933-transmission-4,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 1933-speaker_number_trends-4,1933,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 1933-vitality-4,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -1933-LEI-5,1933,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1933-vitality-5,1933,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1933-LEI-6,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1933-transmission-6,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1933-speaker_number_trends-6,1933,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1933-vitality-6,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1933-LEI-7,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -1933-transmission-7,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,no -1933-vitality-7,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1709,no +1933-LEI-5,1933,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1933-vitality-5,1933,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1933-LEI-6,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1933-transmission-6,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1933-speaker_number_trends-6,1933,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1933-vitality-6,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1933-LEI-7,1933,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +1933-transmission-7,1933,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,no +1933-vitality-7,1933,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1721,no 1935-context-1,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -1935-context-2,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2984,no +1935-context-2,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2998,no 1935-context-3,1935,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,Active language retention programs at Mount Currie and Lillooet.,bib70,no -1935-context-4,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,The Northern St'át'imcets dialect has a language archive.,bib1282,no -1935-context-5,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,The Northern St'áAt'imcets dialect has a language archive.,bib2541,no -1935-context-6,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +1935-context-4,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,The Northern St'át'imcets dialect has a language archive.,bib1291,no +1935-context-5,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,The Northern St'áAt'imcets dialect has a language archive.,bib2554,no +1935-context-6,1935,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 1935-location-1,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.73, -123.01]]}",,,bib73,yes -1935-location-2,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2984,no +1935-location-2,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2998,no 1935-location-3,1935,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.75, -122.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1935-location-4,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""South British Columbia, Lillooet and middle Fraser River area.""}",,,bib70,no -1935-location-5,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.3326, -122.6789]]}",,,bib5307,no +1935-location-5,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.3326, -122.6789]]}",,,bib5330,no 1935-location-6,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Spoken in the southern Coast Mountains and Fraser Canyon region of B.C., in 11 communities: Bridge River Indian Band Cayoose Creek Band @@ -17359,61 +17421,104 @@ T'it'q'et Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation Xaxli'p Band -with two main dialects (SÀáÀimcets and Ucwalmícwts).",bib2541,no -1935-location-7,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib5217,no +with two main dialects (SÀáÀimcets and Ucwalmícwts).",bib2554,no +1935-location-7,1935,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib5240,no 1935-speaker_number-1,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 1935-speakers-1,1935,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,262"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1,359""}",,,bib73,yes -1935-speaker_number-2,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1935-speakers-2,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +1935-speaker_number-2,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1935-speakers-2,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 1935-speaker_number-3,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 1935-speakers-3,1935,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,670"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""690""}",,,bib70,no -1935-speaker_number-4,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1935-speakers-4,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1935-speaker_number-5,1935,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -1935-speakers-5,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""98"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""778""}",,,bib1282,no -1935-speaker_number-6,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -1935-speakers-6,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""692""}",,,bib2541,no -1935-speaker_number-7,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -1935-speakers-7,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no +1935-speaker_number-4,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1935-speakers-4,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1935-speaker_number-5,1935,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +1935-speakers-5,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""98"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""778""}",,,bib1291,no +1935-speaker_number-6,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +1935-speakers-6,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""692""}",,,bib2554,no +1935-speaker_number-7,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +1935-speakers-7,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no 1935-speaker_number-8,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1935-speakers-8,1935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1935-speaker_number-9,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -1935-speakers-9,1935,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,562"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""122 fluent and 390 semi-speakers. 1,092 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""390"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1092""}",,,bib2905,no +1935-speaker_number-9,1935,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1935-speakers-9,1935,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,562"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""122 fluent and 390 semi-speakers. 1,092 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""390"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1092""}",,,bib2919,no 1935-LEI-1,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1935-transmission-1,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 1935-speaker_number_trends-1,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 1935-vitality-1,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -1935-LEI-2,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1935-transmission-2,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1935-vitality-2,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +1935-LEI-2,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1935-transmission-2,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1935-vitality-2,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 1935-LEI-3,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults. Many also use English.,bib70,no 1935-transmission-3,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults. Many also use English.,bib70,no 1935-vitality-3,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults. Many also use English.,bib70,no -1935-LEI-4,1935,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1935-vitality-4,1935,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1935-LEI-5,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1282,no -1935-transmission-5,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1282,no -1935-speaker_number_trends-5,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1282,no -1935-vitality-5,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1282,no -1935-LEI-6,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2541,no -1935-transmission-6,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2541,no -1935-speaker_number_trends-6,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2541,no -1935-vitality-6,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2541,no -1935-LEI-7,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1935-transmission-7,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1935-speaker_number_trends-7,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1935-vitality-7,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +1935-LEI-4,1935,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1935-vitality-4,1935,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1935-LEI-5,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1291,no +1935-transmission-5,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1291,no +1935-speaker_number_trends-5,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1291,no +1935-vitality-5,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.4% speakers, 11.4% semispeakers, 11.7% learners",bib1291,no +1935-LEI-6,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2554,no +1935-transmission-6,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2554,no +1935-speaker_number_trends-6,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2554,no +1935-vitality-6,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.1% fluent speakers, 10.4% semispeakers, 17.1% learners.",bib2554,no +1935-LEI-7,1935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1935-transmission-7,1935,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1935-speaker_number_trends-7,1935,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1935-vitality-7,1935,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 1935-LEI-8,1935,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1935-vitality-8,1935,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no +1936-context-1,1936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions""}",,,bib70,no +1936-context-2,1936,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +1936-location-1,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.2, -126.94]]}",,,bib73,yes +1936-location-2,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib2998,no +1936-location-3,1936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.0, -127.0]]}",,,bib216,no +1936-location-4,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, North Vancouver Island and adjacent mainland. Also in United States""}",,,bib70,no +1936-location-5,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.7338, -127.4982]]}",,,bib5330,no +1936-location-6,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib5240,no +1936-location-7,1936,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.7338, -127.4982]]}",,,bib1721,no +1936-speaker_number-1,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes +1936-speakers-1,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7.455"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""989""}",,,bib73,yes +1936-speaker_number-2,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1936-speakers-2,1936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no +1936-speaker_number-3,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,170 in Canada.,bib70,no +1936-speakers-3,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,310"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""255"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""500""}",,170 in Canada.,bib70,no +1936-speaker_number-4,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1936-speakers-4,1936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""315"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1936-speaker_number-5,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +1936-speakers-5,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6224"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""139"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""367""}",,,bib1291,no +1936-speaker_number-6,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,None under the age of 35.,bib5240,no +1936-speakers-6,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""None under the age of 35."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,None under the age of 35.,bib5240,no +1936-speaker_number-7,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no +1936-speakers-7,1936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""235"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no +1936-speaker_number-8,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +1936-speakers-8,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,801"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""210 fluent and 321 semi-speakers. 1,735 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""321"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,735""}",,,bib2919,no +1936-speaker_number-9,1936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,,no +1936-speakers-9,1936,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,801"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""210 fluent and 321 semi-speakers. 1,735 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""321"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,735""}",,,,no +1936-LEI-1,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes +1936-vitality-1,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes +1936-LEI-2,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1936-vitality-2,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +1936-LEI-3,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English. Speakers 35 and older,bib70,no +1936-vitality-3,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Shifting to English. Speakers 35 and older,bib70,no +1936-LEI-4,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1936-vitality-4,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1936-LEI-5,1936,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"fluent speakers 2.2%, semispeakers 5.9%, language learners 12.3%",bib1291,no +1936-transmission-5,1936,transmission,4,transmission-4,"fluent speakers 2.2%, semispeakers 5.9%, language learners 12.3%",bib1291,no +1936-speaker_number_trends-5,1936,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"fluent speakers 2.2%, semispeakers 5.9%, language learners 12.3%",bib1291,no +1936-vitality-5,1936,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"fluent speakers 2.2%, semispeakers 5.9%, language learners 12.3%",bib1291,no +1936-LEI-6,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1936-vitality-6,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +1936-LEI-7,1936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no +1936-vitality-7,1936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1937-context-1,1937,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 1937-location-1,1937,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia, Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.05, -116.05]]}",,,bib73,yes 1937-location-2,1937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.5, -116.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1937-location-3,1937,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib67,no 1937-location-4,1937,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: British Columbia province: Columbia Lake, Lower Kootenay, Saint Mary’s, Tobacco Plains. US: Idaho: Flathead Reservation; Montana.",bib70,no -1937-location-5,1937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.6467, -115.7372]]}",,,bib5307,no -1937-location-6,1937,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia""], ""Description"": ""Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia""}",,"Three politically independent groups in Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia (Ktunaxa is the official name in Canada). The Montana Kootenai are part of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, and are concentrated at the northern end of the Flathead Reservation, around Elmo. The Kootenai Tribe of Idaho has a reservation near Bonners Ferry, in the Idaho panhandle. The communities in British Columbia are represented by the Ktunaxa/Kinbasket Tribal Council and include the Lower Kootenay Band, with a reserve near Creston; the Tobacco Plains Band with a reserve at Grasmere; the St. Mary’s Band with a reserve near Cranbrook; and the Columbia Lake Band with a reserve at Windermere.",bib5217,no -1937-location-7,1937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.6467, -115.7372]]}",,,bib1709,no +1937-location-5,1937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.6467, -115.7372]]}",,,bib5330,no +1937-location-6,1937,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia""], ""Description"": ""Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia""}",,"Three politically independent groups in Montana, Idaho, and British Columbia (Ktunaxa is the official name in Canada). The Montana Kootenai are part of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, and are concentrated at the northern end of the Flathead Reservation, around Elmo. The Kootenai Tribe of Idaho has a reservation near Bonners Ferry, in the Idaho panhandle. The communities in British Columbia are represented by the Ktunaxa/Kinbasket Tribal Council and include the Lower Kootenay Band, with a reserve near Creston; the Tobacco Plains Band with a reserve at Grasmere; the St. Mary’s Band with a reserve near Cranbrook; and the Columbia Lake Band with a reserve at Windermere.",bib5240,no +1937-location-7,1937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.6467, -115.7372]]}",,,bib1721,no 1937-speaker_number-1,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/ktunaxa,bib73,yes 1937-speakers-1,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""989"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""97""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/ktunaxa,bib73,yes 1937-speaker_number-2,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,6 in Canada (2002 W. Poser). Population total all countries: 12.,bib67,no @@ -17422,14 +17527,14 @@ US: Idaho: Flathead Reservation; Montana.",bib70,no US: 6 (2002), decreasing. Ethnic population: 360 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1937-speakers-3,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1510?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (Canada), 2002 (USA)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""20""}",,"Canada: 25 (FPCC 2014). 20 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 1,150 (FPCC 2014). US: 6 (2002), decreasing. Ethnic population: 360 (2000 census).",bib70,no -1937-speaker_number-4,1937,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1937-speakers-4,1937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1937-speaker_number-5,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -1937-speakers-5,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1067"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""118""}",,,bib1282,no +1937-speaker_number-4,1937,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1937-speakers-4,1937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1937-speaker_number-5,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +1937-speakers-5,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1067"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""118""}",,,bib1291,no 1937-speaker_number-7,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1937-speakers-7,1937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1937-speaker_number-8,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -1937-speakers-8,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""882"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18 fluent and 37 semi-speakers. 424 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""37"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""424""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +1937-speaker_number-8,1937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +1937-speakers-8,1937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""882"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18 fluent and 37 semi-speakers. 424 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""37"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""424""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 1937-LEI-1,1937,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 1937-vitality-1,1937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes 1937-LEI-2,1937,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -17438,55 +17543,55 @@ US: 6 (2002), decreasing. Ethnic population: 360 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1937-transmission-3,1937,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 1937-speaker_number_trends-3,1937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 1937-vitality-3,1937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no -1937-LEI-4,1937,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1937-vitality-4,1937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1937-LEI-5,1937,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1937-transmission-5,1937,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1937-speaker_number_trends-5,1937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1937-vitality-5,1937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1282,no -1937-LEI-6,1937,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5217,no -1937-transmission-6,1937,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5217,no -1937-speaker_number_trends-6,1937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5217,no -1937-vitality-6,1937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5217,no +1937-LEI-4,1937,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1937-vitality-4,1937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1937-LEI-5,1937,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1937-transmission-5,1937,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1937-speaker_number_trends-5,1937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1937-vitality-5,1937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.9% fluent speakers, 11.1% semispeakers, 32.1% active learners",bib1291,no +1937-LEI-6,1937,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5240,no +1937-transmission-6,1937,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5240,no +1937-speaker_number_trends-6,1937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5240,no +1937-vitality-6,1937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is spoken by elders in all the communities ... With a few exceptions, the youngest first-language speakers are in their 50s, and even some of them have more of a passive knowledge of the language than active fluency.",bib5240,no 1937-LEI-7,1937,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1937-vitality-7,1937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1938-context-1,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1734,no -1938-context-2,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7152,yes -1938-context-3,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -1938-location-1,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""]}",,,bib2984,no -1938-location-2,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib1734,no +1938-context-1,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1746,no +1938-context-2,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7176,yes +1938-context-3,1938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +1938-location-1,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""]}",,,bib2998,no +1938-location-2,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib1746,no 1938-location-3,1938,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5, -122.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1938-location-4,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.2708, -121.2871]]}",,,bib1709,no -1938-location-5,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,Oregon: Warm Springs Reservation.,bib7152,yes -1938-location-6,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Kiksht (or Upper Chinook) was spoken upstream from Portland and originally included a string of dialects, of which only the easternmost, Wasco-Wishram, is still spoken. The Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.""}",,,bib5217,no +1938-location-4,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.2708, -121.2871]]}",,,bib1721,no +1938-location-5,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,Oregon: Warm Springs Reservation.,bib7176,yes +1938-location-6,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Kiksht (or Upper Chinook) was spoken upstream from Portland and originally included a string of dialects, of which only the easternmost, Wasco-Wishram, is still spoken. The Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.""}",,,bib5240,no 1938-location-7,1938,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""North central Oregon, south central Washington.""}",,,bib68,no -1938-speaker_number-1,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 Waco; 2 Wishram,bib2984,no -1938-speakers-1,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 Waco; 2 Wishram,bib2984,no -1938-speaker_number-2,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1734,no -1938-speakers-2,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1734,no -1938-speakers-3,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib7152,yes -1938-speaker_number-4,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Kiksht originally included a string of dialects; the Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.,bib5217,no -1938-speakers-4,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Kiksht originally included a string of dialects; the Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.,bib5217,no +1938-speaker_number-1,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 Waco; 2 Wishram,bib2998,no +1938-speakers-1,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 Waco; 2 Wishram,bib2998,no +1938-speaker_number-2,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1746,no +1938-speakers-2,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1746,no +1938-speakers-3,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib7176,yes +1938-speaker_number-4,1938,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Kiksht originally included a string of dialects; the Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.,bib5240,no +1938-speakers-4,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Kiksht originally included a string of dialects; the Wasco variety is represented by 5 elderly speakers on the Warm Springs Reservation in north-central Oregon. The Wishram variety is spoken by 2 elders on the Yakama Reservation in eastern Washington.,bib5240,no 1938-speaker_number-5,1938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Unchanged 2016.),bib68,no 1938-speakers-5,1938,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 census (speaker numbers), 1977 (ethnic populaton)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib68,no 1938-speaker_number-6,1938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 1938-speakers-6,1938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -1938-LEI-1,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1938-transmission-1,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -1938-speaker_number_trends-1,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -1938-vitality-1,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no -1938-LEI-2,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1734,no -1938-transmission-2,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1734,no -1938-domains_of_use-2,1938,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1734,no -1938-speaker_number_trends-2,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1734,no -1938-vitality-2,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1734,no -1938-LEI-3,1938,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7152,yes -1938-vitality-3,1938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7152,yes -1938-LEI-4,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1938-transmission-4,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1938-domains_of_use-4,1938,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -1938-speaker_number_trends-4,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1938-vitality-4,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +1938-LEI-1,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1938-transmission-1,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +1938-speaker_number_trends-1,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +1938-vitality-1,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no +1938-LEI-2,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1746,no +1938-transmission-2,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1746,no +1938-domains_of_use-2,1938,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1746,no +1938-speaker_number_trends-2,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1746,no +1938-vitality-2,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only 2 native speakers.,bib1746,no +1938-LEI-3,1938,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7176,yes +1938-vitality-3,1938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7176,yes +1938-LEI-4,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1938-transmission-4,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1938-domains_of_use-4,1938,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +1938-speaker_number_trends-4,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1938-vitality-4,1938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 1938-LEI-5,1938,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1938-transmission-5,1938,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 1938-speaker_number_trends-5,1938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib68,no @@ -17494,237 +17599,237 @@ US: 6 (2002), decreasing. Ethnic population: 360 (2000 census).",bib70,no 1938-LEI-6,1938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1938-vitality-6,1938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1939-context-1,1939,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -1939-context-2,1939,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1574,yes -1939-location-1,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib2984,no -1939-location-2,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Description"": ""\""Koyukon Athabaskan is spoken on the middle Yukon, the Koyukuk, and lower Tanana rivers in northwestern Alaska ... in a territory that covers in the historic period approximately 78,000 square miles.\"" Lower dialect: Kaltag, Nulato; Central Dialect: Koyukuk, Huslia, Galena, Ruby, Tanana, Rampart, Hughes, Allakaket; Upper Dialect: Tanana, Rampart, Stevens Village, Beaver, Bearpaw."", ""Coordinates"": [[64.881667, -157.704444]]}",,,bib3955,no +1939-context-2,1939,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1586,yes +1939-location-1,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib2998,no +1939-location-2,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Description"": ""\""Koyukon Athabaskan is spoken on the middle Yukon, the Koyukuk, and lower Tanana rivers in northwestern Alaska ... in a territory that covers in the historic period approximately 78,000 square miles.\"" Lower dialect: Kaltag, Nulato; Central Dialect: Koyukuk, Huslia, Galena, Ruby, Tanana, Rampart, Hughes, Allakaket; Upper Dialect: Tanana, Rampart, Stevens Village, Beaver, Bearpaw."", ""Coordinates"": [[64.881667, -157.704444]]}",,,bib3975,no 1939-location-3,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[65.0, -155.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1939-location-4,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Koyukuk and middle Yukon rivers""}",,,bib67,no 1939-location-5,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,Alaska: Koyukuk and middle Yukon rivers.,bib70,no -1939-location-6,1939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.3375, -151.1608]]}",,,bib5307,no -1939-location-7,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib5217,no -1939-location-8,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[66.3375, -151.1608]]}",,,bib1709,no -1939-location-9,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib1574,yes -1939-speaker_number-1,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -1939-speakers-1,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no -1939-speaker_number-2,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This figure does not include speakers residing in the urban centers of Fairbanks and Anchorage.,bib3955,no -1939-speakers-2,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2037"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""273"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This figure does not include speakers residing in the urban centers of Fairbanks and Anchorage.,bib3955,no +1939-location-6,1939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.3375, -151.1608]]}",,,bib5330,no +1939-location-7,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib5240,no +1939-location-8,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[66.3375, -151.1608]]}",,,bib1721,no +1939-location-9,1939,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""]}",,,bib1586,yes +1939-speaker_number-1,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +1939-speakers-1,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no +1939-speaker_number-2,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This figure does not include speakers residing in the urban centers of Fairbanks and Anchorage.,bib3975,no +1939-speakers-2,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2037"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""273"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This figure does not include speakers residing in the urban centers of Fairbanks and Anchorage.,bib3975,no 1939-speaker_number-3,1939,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"100 (2000 census), decreasing. Krauss (1995) listed 300. Ethnic population: 2,300 (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no 1939-speakers-3,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"100 (2000 census), decreasing. Krauss (1995) listed 300. Ethnic population: 2,300 (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no 1939-speaker_number-4,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 (Golla 2007). 300 (1995 M. Krauss); 100 (2000 census). Ethnic population: 2300 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 1939-speakers-4,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 (Golla 2007). 300 (1995 M. Krauss); 100 (2000 census). Ethnic population: 2300 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -1939-speaker_number-5,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1939-speakers-5,1939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1939-speaker_number-6,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -1939-speakers-6,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no -1939-speaker_number-7,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1574,yes -1939-speakers-7,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1574,yes -1939-LEI-1,1939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -1939-vitality-1,1939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -1939-LEI-2,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3955,no -1939-transmission-2,1939,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3955,no -1939-domains_of_use-2,1939,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3955,no -1939-speaker_number_trends-2,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3955,no -1939-vitality-2,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3955,no +1939-speaker_number-5,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1939-speakers-5,1939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1939-speaker_number-6,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +1939-speakers-6,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no +1939-speaker_number-7,1939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1586,yes +1939-speakers-7,1939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1586,yes +1939-LEI-1,1939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +1939-vitality-1,1939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +1939-LEI-2,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3975,no +1939-transmission-2,1939,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3975,no +1939-domains_of_use-2,1939,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3975,no +1939-speaker_number_trends-2,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3975,no +1939-vitality-2,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3975,no 1939-LEI-3,1939,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1939-vitality-3,1939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1939-LEI-4,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults only,bib70,no 1939-transmission-4,1939,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults only,bib70,no 1939-speaker_number_trends-4,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Older adults only,bib70,no 1939-vitality-4,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Older adults only,bib70,no -1939-LEI-5,1939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1939-vitality-5,1939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1939-LEI-6,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -1939-transmission-6,1939,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -1939-speaker_number_trends-6,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -1939-vitality-6,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -1939-LEI-7,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -1939-transmission-7,1939,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,yes -1939-domains_of_use-7,1939,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1574,yes -1939-speaker_number_trends-7,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,yes -1939-vitality-7,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1574,yes +1939-LEI-5,1939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1939-vitality-5,1939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1939-LEI-6,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +1939-transmission-6,1939,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +1939-speaker_number_trends-6,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +1939-vitality-6,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +1939-LEI-7,1939,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +1939-transmission-7,1939,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,yes +1939-domains_of_use-7,1939,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1586,yes +1939-speaker_number_trends-7,1939,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,yes +1939-vitality-7,1939,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1586,yes 1947-location-1,1947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -52.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1947-location-2,1947,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: West central Amap\u00e1 and northern Par\u00e1, tributaries of the upper Amapari River. 8 villages. French Guiana: 120 Camop\u00ed and Masikil\u00ed on middle Oyapock River, and 180 in 3 villages on upper Oyapock around Trois-Sauts (Grenand 1980)""}",,"West central Amapá and northern Pará, tributaries of the upper Amapari River. 8 villages.",bib67,no -1947-location-3,1947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.747, -52.8442]]}",,,bib5307,no -1947-location-4,1947,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""], ""Description"": ""Amap\u00e1 State, Amapari River area, between the Inipiku River (Mapari) in the west, the Karapanaty (Aro\u00e3) in the south, and the On\u00e7a and Kumakary (\u00c1gua Preta) igarap\u00e9s (small Amazonian waterways) in the east, Mazagao and Macapa municipalities, Terra Indigena Wai\u00e3pi.""}",,,bib1903,no -1947-location-5,1947,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1947-location-3,1947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.747, -52.8442]]}",,,bib5330,no +1947-location-4,1947,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""], ""Description"": ""Amap\u00e1 State, Amapari River area, between the Inipiku River (Mapari) in the west, the Karapanaty (Aro\u00e3) in the south, and the On\u00e7a and Kumakary (\u00c1gua Preta) igarap\u00e9s (small Amazonian waterways) in the east, Mazagao and Macapa municipalities, Terra Indigena Wai\u00e3pi.""}",,,bib1915,no +1947-location-5,1947,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1947-speaker_number-1,1947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"530 in Brazil (2000 SIL). Includes 520 speakers of Amapari, 10 of Oiapoque. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1947-speakers-1,1947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"530 in Brazil (2000 SIL). Includes 520 speakers of Amapari, 10 of Oiapoque. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1947-speaker_number-2,1947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1947-speakers-2,1947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""905"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1947-speaker_number-3,1947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Although all Wayampi still speak their native language, knowledge of Portuguese is growing fast, especially among men.",bib1903,no -1947-speakers-3,1947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""525"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~525"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Although all Wayampi still speak their native language, knowledge of Portuguese is growing fast, especially among men.",bib1903,no +1947-speaker_number-2,1947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1947-speakers-2,1947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""905"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1947-speaker_number-3,1947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Although all Wayampi still speak their native language, knowledge of Portuguese is growing fast, especially among men.",bib1915,no +1947-speakers-3,1947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""525"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~525"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Although all Wayampi still speak their native language, knowledge of Portuguese is growing fast, especially among men.",bib1915,no 1947-speaker_number-4,1947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1947-speakers-4,1947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1947-speaker_number-5,1947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 905 speakers and population in Brazil (2008), and 750 speakers and population in French Guiana.",bib1902,yes -1947-speakers-5,1947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,655"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,655"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 905 speakers and population in Brazil (2008), and 750 speakers and population in French Guiana.",bib1902,yes +1947-speaker_number-5,1947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 905 speakers and population in Brazil (2008), and 750 speakers and population in French Guiana.",bib1914,yes +1947-speakers-5,1947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,655"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,655"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 905 speakers and population in Brazil (2008), and 750 speakers and population in French Guiana.",bib1914,yes 1947-LEI-1,1947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Monolinguals include children under 6, more than half the women, most men over 45, and all of those recently from Brazil.",bib67,no 1947-vitality-1,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Monolinguals include children under 6, more than half the women, most men over 45, and all of those recently from Brazil.",bib67,no -1947-LEI-2,1947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1947-vitality-2,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1947-LEI-3,1947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1947-vitality-3,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1947-LEI-2,1947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1947-vitality-2,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1947-LEI-3,1947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1947-vitality-3,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1947-LEI-4,1947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1947-vitality-4,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1947-LEI-5,1947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1947-vitality-5,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1947-LEI-5,1947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1947-vitality-5,1947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1948-location-1,1948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.25, -54.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 1948-location-2,1948,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana"", ""Suriname"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Suriname villages; Amap\u00e1, among the Apala\u00ed (Brazil); Southwestern border area (French Guiana).""}",,"Southwest Marowijne District, upper Tapanahoni River; northwest of Trio [tri] language settlements on Lawa and Tapanahoni rivers.",bib67,no -1948-location-3,1948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.7455, -54.58]]}",,,bib5307,no -1948-location-4,1948,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname, French Guiana and Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no -1948-location-5,1948,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1948-location-3,1948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.7455, -54.58]]}",,,bib5330,no +1948-location-4,1948,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname, French Guiana and Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no +1948-location-5,1948,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1948-speaker_number-1,1948,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"400 in Suriname (1980 census). 200 in French Guiana. Ethnic population: 1,000 in French Guiana. 850 (2016).",bib67,no 1948-speakers-1,1948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"400 in Suriname (1980 census). 200 in French Guiana. Ethnic population: 1,000 in French Guiana. 850 (2016).",bib67,no -1948-speaker_number-2,1948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1948-speakers-2,1948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,788"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1948-speakers-3,1948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,915""}",,Speaker number: 500 in Suriname. Unknown number of speakers in Brazil and French Guiana,bib1903,no +1948-speaker_number-2,1948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1948-speakers-2,1948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,788"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1948-speakers-3,1948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,915""}",,Speaker number: 500 in Suriname. Unknown number of speakers in Brazil and French Guiana,bib1915,no 1948-speaker_number-4,1948,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1948-speakers-4,1948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""747"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1948-speaker_number-5,1948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1948-speakers-5,1948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,738"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,738"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1948-speaker_number-5,1948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1948-speakers-5,1948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,738"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,738"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1948-LEI-1,1948,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1948-vitality-1,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1948-LEI-2,1948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1948-vitality-2,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1948-LEI-2,1948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1948-vitality-2,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1948-LEI-3,1948,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1948-vitality-3,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1948-LEI-4,1948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Brazil: 288 speakers and population (2006); Guyana: few remembers; Suriname: 450 speakers and population; French Guiana: 1,000 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes -1948-vitality-4,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Brazil: 288 speakers and population (2006); Guyana: few remembers; Suriname: 450 speakers and population; French Guiana: 1,000 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +1948-LEI-4,1948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Brazil: 288 speakers and population (2006); Guyana: few remembers; Suriname: 450 speakers and population; French Guiana: 1,000 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes +1948-vitality-4,1948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Brazil: 288 speakers and population (2006); Guyana: few remembers; Suriname: 450 speakers and population; French Guiana: 1,000 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 1949-location-1,1949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0, -53.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1949-location-2,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso, Xingú Park.",bib67,no -1949-location-3,1949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.2554, -53.5899]]}",,,bib5307,no -1949-location-4,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""]}",,,bib1903,no +1949-location-3,1949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.2554, -53.5899]]}",,,bib5330,no +1949-location-4,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""]}",,,bib1915,no 1949-location-5,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"em três aldeias: Piyulaga, considerada a aldeia principal, Aruák e Lupuene (POSTIGO, 2011). Essas aldeias pertencem também ao município de Gaúcha do Norte, Estado de Mato Grosso. (p.197) -[three villages: Piyulaga, considered the main village, Aruák, and Lupuene (POSTIGO, 2011). These villages also belong to the municipality of Gaucha do Norte, Mato Grosso.]",bib5285,yes -1949-location-6,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +[three villages: Piyulaga, considered the main village, Aruák, and Lupuene (POSTIGO, 2011). These villages also belong to the municipality of Gaucha do Norte, Mato Grosso.]",bib5308,yes +1949-location-6,1949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 1949-speaker_number-1,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (2001 ISA) 320 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 320 (Moore 2006) (2016).",bib67,no 1949-speakers-1,1949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2001 ISA) 320 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 320 (Moore 2006) (2016).",bib67,no -1949-speaker_number-2,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1949-speakers-2,1949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1949-speaker_number-3,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"They seem to have come from the northwest and were the first settlers in the Xingu area. All Waurá still speak their mother tongue, which is closely related to Mehinako.",bib1903,no -1949-speakers-3,1949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~321"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"They seem to have come from the northwest and were the first settlers in the Xingu area. All Waurá still speak their mother tongue, which is closely related to Mehinako.",bib1903,no +1949-speaker_number-2,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1949-speakers-2,1949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1949-speaker_number-3,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"They seem to have come from the northwest and were the first settlers in the Xingu area. All Waurá still speak their mother tongue, which is closely related to Mehinako.",bib1915,no +1949-speakers-3,1949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~321"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"They seem to have come from the northwest and were the first settlers in the Xingu area. All Waurá still speak their mother tongue, which is closely related to Mehinako.",bib1915,no 1949-speaker_number-4,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1949-speakers-4,1949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1949-speaker_number-5,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Os Waurá, com um total de, aproximadamente, 410 pessoas (ISA, 2006). Como no caso dos Mehináku, os Waurá também são falantes ativos de língua materna, sendo o meio de comunicação diária entre todos os segmentos geracionais dessa etnia. (p.197) -[The Waura, with a total of approximately 410 persons (ISA, 2006). As in the case of Mehinaku the Waura are also active native speakers, and the means of daily communication among all generational segments of this ethnic group.]",bib5285,yes +[The Waura, with a total of approximately 410 persons (ISA, 2006). As in the case of Mehinaku the Waura are also active native speakers, and the means of daily communication among all generational segments of this ethnic group.]",bib5308,yes 1949-speakers-5,1949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""410"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Os Waurá, com um total de, aproximadamente, 410 pessoas (ISA, 2006). Como no caso dos Mehináku, os Waurá também são falantes ativos de língua materna, sendo o meio de comunicação diária entre todos os segmentos geracionais dessa etnia. (p.197) -[The Waura, with a total of approximately 410 persons (ISA, 2006). As in the case of Mehinaku the Waura are also active native speakers, and the means of daily communication among all generational segments of this ethnic group.]",bib5285,yes -1949-speaker_number-6,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -1949-speakers-6,1949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""321"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +[The Waura, with a total of approximately 410 persons (ISA, 2006). As in the case of Mehinaku the Waura are also active native speakers, and the means of daily communication among all generational segments of this ethnic group.]",bib5308,yes +1949-speaker_number-6,1949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +1949-speakers-6,1949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""321"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""321"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 1949-LEI-1,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1949-vitality-1,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1949-LEI-2,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1949-vitality-2,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1949-LEI-3,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1949-vitality-3,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1949-LEI-2,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1949-vitality-2,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1949-LEI-3,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1949-vitality-3,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1949-LEI-4,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1949-vitality-4,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1949-LEI-5,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5285,yes -1949-vitality-5,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5285,yes -1949-LEI-6,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -1949-vitality-6,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +1949-LEI-5,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes +1949-vitality-5,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5308,yes +1949-LEI-6,1949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +1949-vitality-6,1949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 1950-location-1,1950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3333333333, -65.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1950-location-2,1950,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia. 7 villages""}",,,bib67,no -1950-location-3,1950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.7275, -65.0061]]}",,,bib5307,no -1950-location-4,1950,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Igarape Lage, Terra Indigena Ribeir\u00e3o, Terra Indigena Rio Negro/Ocaia, Terra Indigena Pacaas-Novas, Terra Indigena Sagarana""}",,,bib1903,no -1950-location-5,1950,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no +1950-location-3,1950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.7275, -65.0061]]}",,,bib5330,no +1950-location-4,1950,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Igarape Lage, Terra Indigena Ribeir\u00e3o, Terra Indigena Rio Negro/Ocaia, Terra Indigena Pacaas-Novas, Terra Indigena Sagarana""}",,,bib1915,no +1950-location-5,1950,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no 1950-speaker_number-1,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (1998 ISA) 1,930 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 2,720 (2006 FUNASA) (2016).",bib67,no 1950-speakers-1,1950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,930"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (1998 ISA) 1,930 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 2,720 (2006 FUNASA) (2016).",bib67,no -1950-speaker_number-2,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1950-speakers-2,1950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,721"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1950-speaker_number-3,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1950-speakers-3,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1950-speaker_number-2,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1950-speakers-2,1950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,721"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1950-speaker_number-3,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1950-speakers-3,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1950-speaker_number-4,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1950-speakers-4,1950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,833"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1950-speaker_number-5,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8132,no -1950-speakers-5,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2562"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2381"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8132,no -1950-speaker_number-6,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1950-speakers-6,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,721"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,721"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1950-speaker_number-5,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8157,no +1950-speakers-5,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2562"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2381"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8157,no +1950-speaker_number-6,1950,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1950-speakers-6,1950,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,721"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,721"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1950-LEI-1,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1950-vitality-1,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1950-LEI-2,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1950-vitality-2,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1950-LEI-3,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1950-vitality-3,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1950-LEI-2,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1950-vitality-2,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1950-LEI-3,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1950-vitality-3,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1950-LEI-4,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1950-vitality-4,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1950-LEI-5,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -1950-vitality-5,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -1950-LEI-6,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1950-vitality-6,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1950-LEI-5,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +1950-vitality-5,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +1950-LEI-6,1950,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1950-vitality-6,1950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1951-context-1,1951,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Shifting to Spanish [spa]. Older adults 50 and older. All also use Spanish,bib68,no 1951-location-1,1951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5, -67.5]]}",,,bib216,no -1951-location-2,1951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.5479, -67.2802]]}",,,bib5307,no -1951-location-3,1951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1903,no +1951-location-2,1951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.5479, -67.2802]]}",,,bib5330,no +1951-location-3,1951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1915,no 1951-location-4,1951,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, northern Brazil, possibly Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas, San Miguel river, Guzmán Blanco village, below Maroa. Possibly in Colombia.",bib68,no -1951-location-5,1951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1951-speaker_number-1,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1951-speakers-1,1951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +1951-location-5,1951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1951-speaker_number-1,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1951-speakers-1,1951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 1951-speakers-2,1951,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,"Speaker number: Approximately 12 in Brazil. -In Venezuela, the speakers are all over 50 years of age and bilingual in Spanish, some of them are even speakers of three or four languages, a regional phenomenon.",bib1903,no +In Venezuela, the speakers are all over 50 years of age and bilingual in Spanish, some of them are even speakers of three or four languages, a regional phenomenon.",bib1915,no 1951-speaker_number-3,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""160 in Venezuela (2001 census). Population total all countries: 650. Ethnic population: 510"" [sic]. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1951-speakers-3,1951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""160 in Venezuela (2001 census). Population total all countries: 650. Ethnic population: 510"" [sic]. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 1951-speaker_number-4,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1951-speakers-4,1951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""705"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -1951-speaker_number-5,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 160 speakers out of an ethnic population of 513 people in Venezuela (2001), and 20 speakers out of an ethnic population of 806 people in Brazil (2006).",bib1902,yes -1951-speakers-5,1951,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,319"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Venezuela 2001, Brazil 2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 160 speakers out of an ethnic population of 513 people in Venezuela (2001), and 20 speakers out of an ethnic population of 806 people in Brazil (2006).",bib1902,yes -1951-LEI-1,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1951-vitality-1,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1951-speaker_number-5,1951,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 160 speakers out of an ethnic population of 513 people in Venezuela (2001), and 20 speakers out of an ethnic population of 806 people in Brazil (2006).",bib1914,yes +1951-speakers-5,1951,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,319"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Venezuela 2001, Brazil 2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 160 speakers out of an ethnic population of 513 people in Venezuela (2001), and 20 speakers out of an ethnic population of 806 people in Brazil (2006).",bib1914,yes +1951-LEI-1,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1951-vitality-1,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1951-LEI-2,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 1951-vitality-2,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 1951-LEI-3,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1951-vitality-3,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1951-LEI-4,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1951-vitality-4,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1953-location-1,1953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6027, -61.3806]]}",,,bib5307,no +1951-LEI-4,1951,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1951-vitality-4,1951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1953-location-1,1953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6027, -61.3806]]}",,,bib5330,no 1953-location-2,1953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.33333333333, -61.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -1953-location-3,1953,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1953-location-3,1953,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1953-location-4,1953,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname"", ""Venezuela"", ""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Venezuela: Orinoco River Delta, Delta Amacuro, Sucre, Monagas. Guyana: Northwestern, at Oreala, Guyana near coast, mixed with Arawak and Carib speakers. Suriname: Near Guyana border.""}",,,bib67,no -1953-speaker_number-1,1953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1953-speakers-1,1953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +1953-speaker_number-1,1953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1953-speakers-1,1953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 1953-speaker_number-2,1953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Guyana: few speakers, 5,000 population (2000). -Venezuela: 32,400 speakers, 36,068 population (2001).",bib1902,yes +Venezuela: 32,400 speakers, 36,068 population (2001).",bib1914,yes 1953-speakers-2,1953,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41,068"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~32,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 for Guyana, 2001 for Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Guyana: few speakers, 5,000 population (2000). -Venezuela: 32,400 speakers, 36,068 population (2001).",bib1902,yes +Venezuela: 32,400 speakers, 36,068 population (2001).",bib1914,yes 1953-speaker_number-3,1953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1953-speakers-3,1953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1953-speaker_number-4,1953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"28,100 in Venezuela (2007); ethnic population: 36,129. Few in Guyana (Forte 1990); ethnic population: 5,000 in Guyana (2000 J. Forte). Few in Suriname. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1953-speakers-4,1953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"28,100 in Venezuela (2007); ethnic population: 36,129. Few in Guyana (Forte 1990); ethnic population: 5,000 in Guyana (2000 J. Forte). Few in Suriname. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1953-LEI-1,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1953-vitality-1,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1953-LEI-2,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1953-vitality-2,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1953-LEI-1,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1953-vitality-1,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1953-LEI-2,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1953-vitality-2,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1953-LEI-3,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1953-vitality-3,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1953-LEI-4,1953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous,bib67,no 1953-vitality-4,1953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous,bib67,no -1954-location-1,1954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3065, -59.6997]]}",,,bib5307,no +1954-location-1,1954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3065, -59.6997]]}",,,bib5330,no 1954-location-2,1954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.66666666667, -60.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1954-location-3,1954,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1954-location-3,1954,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1954-location-4,1954,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Guyana: Southwest Guyana, south of the Kanuku Mountains, northwest of the Waiwai; a few villages. Brazil: Roraima.""}",,"Southwest, south of the Kanuku mountains, a few villages northwest of the Waiwai [waw] language area.",bib67,no -1954-speaker_number-1,1954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1954-speakers-1,1954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1954-speaker_number-2,1954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There may be about 4,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,000 people in Brazil (2008) and it is not spoken by all its ethnic population of 6,900 people in Guyana.",bib1902,yes -1954-speakers-2,1954,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There may be about 4,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,000 people in Brazil (2008) and it is not spoken by all its ethnic population of 6,900 people in Guyana.",bib1902,yes +1954-speaker_number-1,1954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1954-speakers-1,1954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1954-speaker_number-2,1954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There may be about 4,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,000 people in Brazil (2008) and it is not spoken by all its ethnic population of 6,900 people in Guyana.",bib1914,yes +1954-speakers-2,1954,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There may be about 4,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,000 people in Brazil (2008) and it is not spoken by all its ethnic population of 6,900 people in Guyana.",bib1914,yes 1954-speaker_number-3,1954,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1954-speakers-3,1954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1954-speaker_number-4,1954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,000 in Guyana (2000 J. Forte). @@ -17733,55 +17838,55 @@ Venezuela: 32,400 speakers, 36,068 population (2001).",bib1902,yes 1954-speakers-4,1954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 in Guyana (2000 J. Forte). 6,000 in Guyana (2000 J. Forte). Population total all countries: 12,500. Ethnic population: 6,900 (Crevels 2007). Amariba dialect may have no remaining speakers. (2016).",bib67,no -1954-LEI-1,1954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1954-vitality-1,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1954-LEI-2,1954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1954-vitality-2,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1954-LEI-1,1954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1954-vitality-1,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1954-LEI-2,1954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1954-vitality-2,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1954-LEI-3,1954,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1954-vitality-3,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1954-LEI-4,1954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1954-vitality-4,1954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1955-location-1,1955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.833333333333, -69.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1955-location-2,1955,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: Northwest Amazonas. Colombia: Lower Vaup\u00e9s River region.""}",,"Northwest Amazonas, on the border with Colombia, Terra Indígena Alto Rio Negro.",bib67,no -1955-location-3,1955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0106, -69.6423]]}",,,bib5307,no -1955-location-4,1955,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,,bib7018,no -1955-location-5,1955,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1955-location-3,1955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0106, -69.6423]]}",,,bib5330,no +1955-location-4,1955,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,,bib7042,no +1955-location-5,1955,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1955-speaker_number-1,1955,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"550 in Brazil (1995 AMTB). 450 in Brazil (Moore 2006); population total all countries: 750 (2013).",bib67,no 1955-speakers-1,1955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"550 in Brazil (1995 AMTB). 450 in Brazil (Moore 2006); population total all countries: 750 (2013).",bib67,no -1955-speaker_number-2,1955,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1955-speakers-2,1955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1955-speaker_number-3,1955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"some 2,000, approximately 65% of whom live in Colombia (1,300 acording to the 2005 Colombian census) and 35% in Brazil (Federação das Organizações do Rio Negro and Instituto Socioambental 2006: 43).",bib7018,no -1955-speakers-3,1955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Colombia, 2006 Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"some 2,000, approximately 65% of whom live in Colombia (1,300 acording to the 2005 Colombian census) and 35% in Brazil (Federação das Organizações do Rio Negro and Instituto Socioambental 2006: 43).",bib7018,no +1955-speaker_number-2,1955,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1955-speakers-2,1955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1955-speaker_number-3,1955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"some 2,000, approximately 65% of whom live in Colombia (1,300 acording to the 2005 Colombian census) and 35% in Brazil (Federação das Organizações do Rio Negro and Instituto Socioambental 2006: 43).",bib7042,no +1955-speakers-3,1955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Colombia, 2006 Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"some 2,000, approximately 65% of whom live in Colombia (1,300 acording to the 2005 Colombian census) and 35% in Brazil (Federação das Organizações do Rio Negro and Instituto Socioambental 2006: 43).",bib7042,no 1955-speaker_number-4,1955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1955-speakers-4,1955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1955-speaker_number-5,1955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 650 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 735 people in Brazil and 1,395 speakers in Colombia.",bib1902,yes -1955-speakers-5,1955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,045"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Brazil, 2001 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 650 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 735 people in Brazil and 1,395 speakers in Colombia.",bib1902,yes +1955-speaker_number-5,1955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 650 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 735 people in Brazil and 1,395 speakers in Colombia.",bib1914,yes +1955-speakers-5,1955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,045"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Brazil, 2001 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 650 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 735 people in Brazil and 1,395 speakers in Colombia.",bib1914,yes 1955-LEI-1,1955,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1955-vitality-1,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1955-LEI-2,1955,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1955-vitality-2,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1955-LEI-3,1955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7018,no -1955-vitality-3,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7018,no +1955-LEI-2,1955,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1955-vitality-2,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1955-LEI-3,1955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7042,no +1955-vitality-3,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7042,no 1955-LEI-4,1955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1955-vitality-4,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1955-LEI-5,1955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1955-vitality-5,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1956-location-1,1956,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0985, -60.8203]]}",,,bib5307,no -1956-location-2,1956,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""boarder area Roraima and Amazonia states""}",,,bib1903,no -1956-location-3,1956,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1955-LEI-5,1955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1955-vitality-5,1955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1956-location-1,1956,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0985, -60.8203]]}",,,bib5330,no +1956-location-2,1956,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""boarder area Roraima and Amazonia states""}",,,bib1915,no +1956-location-3,1956,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1956-location-4,1956,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas border with Roraima Alalau and Camanau, Jatapu and Jauaperi rivers. 24 villages""}",,"Amazonas border with Roraima Alalau and Camanau, Jatapu, and Jauaperi rivers. 24 villages.",bib67,no -1956-speaker_number-1,1956,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1956-speakers-1,1956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +1956-speaker_number-1,1956,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1956-speakers-1,1956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 1956-speaker_number-2,1956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Portuguese is considered a contact language and the number of bilinguals is -quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1903,no +quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1915,no 1956-speakers-2,1956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""931"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~931"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Portuguese is considered a contact language and the number of bilinguals is -quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1903,no -1956-speaker_number-3,1956,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1956-speakers-3,1956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1915,no +1956-speaker_number-3,1956,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1956-speakers-3,1956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1956-speaker_number-4,1956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1956-speakers-4,1956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1956-speaker_number-5,1956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (2001 ISA) @@ -17790,26 +17895,26 @@ quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1903,no 1956-speakers-5,1956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2001 ISA) 930 (2001 ISA). Ethnic population: 930 (Moore 2006) (2013).",bib67,no -1956-LEI-1,1956,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1956-vitality-1,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1956-LEI-2,1956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1956-vitality-2,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1956-LEI-3,1956,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1956-vitality-3,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1956-LEI-1,1956,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1956-vitality-1,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1956-LEI-2,1956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1956-vitality-2,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1956-LEI-3,1956,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1956-vitality-3,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1956-LEI-4,1956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1956-vitality-4,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1956-LEI-5,1956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1956-vitality-5,1956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1957-location-1,1957,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6852, -63.6547]]}",,,bib5307,no -1957-location-2,1957,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rond\u00f4nia state""], ""Description"": ""Upper Madeira River, Terra\nInd\u00edgena Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau""}",,,bib1903,no -1957-location-3,1957,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +1957-location-1,1957,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6852, -63.6547]]}",,,bib5330,no +1957-location-2,1957,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rond\u00f4nia state""], ""Description"": ""Upper Madeira River, Terra\nInd\u00edgena Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau""}",,,bib1915,no +1957-location-3,1957,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 1957-location-4,1957,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia, on upper Jaciparan\u00e1, Caut\u00e1rio, and Jamari rivers""}",,"Rondônia, on the upper Jaciparaná, Cautário, and Jamari rivers.",bib67,no -1957-speaker_number-1,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -1957-speakers-1,1957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""183"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -1957-speaker_number-2,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The linguistically defined Uru-Eu-uau-Wau consist of two ethnic groups, the Jupau (also called Uru-Eu-wau-Wau) and the Amondawa",bib1903,no -1957-speakers-2,1957,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The linguistically defined Uru-Eu-uau-Wau consist of two ethnic groups, the Jupau (also called Uru-Eu-wau-Wau) and the Amondawa",bib1903,no -1957-speaker_number-3,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -1957-speakers-3,1957,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""183"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""183"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1957-speaker_number-1,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +1957-speakers-1,1957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""183"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +1957-speaker_number-2,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The linguistically defined Uru-Eu-uau-Wau consist of two ethnic groups, the Jupau (also called Uru-Eu-wau-Wau) and the Amondawa",bib1915,no +1957-speakers-2,1957,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The linguistically defined Uru-Eu-uau-Wau consist of two ethnic groups, the Jupau (also called Uru-Eu-wau-Wau) and the Amondawa",bib1915,no +1957-speaker_number-3,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +1957-speakers-3,1957,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""183"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""183"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1957-speaker_number-4,1957,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 1957-speakers-4,1957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 1957-speaker_number-5,1957,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (2003 ISA) @@ -17818,238 +17923,238 @@ quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1903,no 1957-speakers-5,1957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (2003 ISA) 87 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 87 (Moore 2006) (2013).",bib67,no -1957-LEI-1,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1957-vitality-1,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1957-LEI-2,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1957-vitality-2,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1957-LEI-3,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1957-vitality-3,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +1957-LEI-1,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1957-vitality-1,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1957-LEI-2,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1957-vitality-2,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1957-LEI-3,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1957-vitality-3,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 1957-LEI-4,1957,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1957-vitality-4,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1957-LEI-5,1957,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1957-vitality-5,1957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1958-context-1,1958,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Candoshi people take great pride in their culture and language.,bib5307,no -1958-context-2,1958,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Candoshi people take great pride in their culture and language""}",,,bib1903,yes -1958-location-1,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Chapuri, Morona, and Pastaza rivers, in the provinces of Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Alto Amazonas, and Loreto, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1958-context-1,1958,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Candoshi people take great pride in their culture and language.,bib5330,no +1958-context-2,1958,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Candoshi people take great pride in their culture and language""}",,,bib1915,yes +1958-location-1,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Chapuri, Morona, and Pastaza rivers, in the provinces of Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Alto Amazonas, and Loreto, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1958-location-2,1958,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.16666666667, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 1958-location-3,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Morona, Pastaza, Huitoyacu, and Chapuli rivers.""}",,"Loreto Region, Morona, Pastaza, Huitoyacu, and Chapuli rivers.",bib67,no 1958-location-4,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Loreto region: Chapuli, Huitoyacu, Morona, and Pastaza rivers.",bib70,no -1958-location-5,1958,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7107, -76.9042]]}",,,bib5307,no -1958-location-6,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, between the west bank of the Morona and Pastaza rivers; a few along the Upper Chambira""}",,,bib1903,yes +1958-location-5,1958,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7107, -76.9042]]}",,,bib5330,no +1958-location-6,1958,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, between the west bank of the Morona and Pastaza rivers; a few along the Upper Chambira""}",,,bib1915,yes 1958-speaker_number-1,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1981).,bib67,no 1958-speakers-1,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1981).,bib67,no 1958-speaker_number-2,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 1958-speakers-2,1958,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -1958-speaker_number-3,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1958-speakers-3,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1958-speaker_number-4,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,All of the ethnic group speaks the language.,bib1903,yes -1958-speakers-4,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,All of the ethnic group speaks the language.,bib1903,yes +1958-speaker_number-3,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1958-speakers-3,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1958-speaker_number-4,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,All of the ethnic group speaks the language.,bib1915,yes +1958-speakers-4,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,All of the ethnic group speaks the language.,bib1915,yes 1958-speaker_number-5,1958,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1958-speakers-5,1958,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1958-LEI-1,1958,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,no -1958-transmission-1,1958,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8124,no -1958-vitality-1,1958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8124,no +1958-LEI-1,1958,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,no +1958-transmission-1,1958,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8149,no +1958-vitality-1,1958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8149,no 1958-LEI-2,1958,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1958-vitality-2,1958,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 1958-LEI-3,1958,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 1958-vitality-3,1958,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -1958-LEI-4,1958,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1958-vitality-4,1958,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1958-LEI-5,1958,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1903,yes -1958-transmission-5,1958,transmission,0,transmission-0,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1903,yes -1958-speaker_number_trends-5,1958,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1903,yes -1958-vitality-5,1958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1903,yes +1958-LEI-4,1958,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1958-vitality-4,1958,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1958-LEI-5,1958,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1915,yes +1958-transmission-5,1958,transmission,0,transmission-0,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1915,yes +1958-speaker_number_trends-5,1958,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1915,yes +1958-vitality-5,1958,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There's a language maintenance program as well as a bilingual education program.,bib1915,yes 1958-LEI-6,1958,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1958-vitality-6,1958,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1959-location-1,1959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5519, -68.6645]]}",,,bib5307,no +1959-location-1,1959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5519, -68.6645]]}",,,bib5330,no 1959-location-2,1959,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""La Paz Department, south tip, Lake Titicaca, Desaguadero river area; Oruro Department, Atahuallpa province.""}",,,bib69,no 1959-location-3,1959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.75, -69.0]]}",,,bib216,no -1959-location-4,1959,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,yes -1959-speaker_number-1,1959,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -1959-speakers-1,1959,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +1959-location-4,1959,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,yes +1959-speaker_number-1,1959,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +1959-speakers-1,1959,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 1959-speaker_number-2,1959,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker numbers: (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: (Crevels 2007).,bib69,no 1959-speakers-2,1959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""590"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker numbers: (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: (Crevels 2007).,bib69,no -1959-speakers-3,1959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,extinct,bib1902,yes +1959-speakers-3,1959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,extinct,bib1914,yes 1959-speaker_number-4,1959,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 1959-speakers-4,1959,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -1959-LEI-1,1959,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1959-vitality-1,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +1959-LEI-1,1959,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1959-vitality-1,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 1959-LEI-2,1959,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1959-vitality-2,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1959-LEI-3,1959,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -1959-vitality-3,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +1959-LEI-3,1959,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +1959-vitality-3,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 1959-LEI-4,1959,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1959-vitality-4,1959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1960-context-1,1960,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5642,no -1960-location-1,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the rivers of Tigrillo, Patayacu, Chambira, and Corrientes, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +1960-context-1,1960,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5666,no +1960-location-1,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken around the rivers of Tigrillo, Patayacu, Chambira, and Corrientes, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 1960-location-2,1960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, -75.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1960-location-3,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Department: Urarinas district, Pucayacu, Chambira, and Urituyacu rivers.""}",,"Loreto region, Urarinas district, Pucayacu, Chambira, and Urituyacu rivers.",bib67,no -1960-location-4,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Loreto, Peru""]}",,,bib5642,no -1960-location-5,1960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -75.3002]]}",,,bib5307,no -1960-location-6,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto,\nProvince of Urarinas, District of Urarinas, along the Chambira River (headwater of the Maranon River) and along all its headwaters; several groups along the rivers Urituyacu (also headwater of the Maranon) and Corrientes""}",,,bib1903,no -1960-location-7,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The Urarina are to be found in the Loreto department on the Chambira, Urituyacu and Corrientes rivers, where they have lived for at least half a millennium, remaining relatively isolated due to the remoteness of their settlements and by choice. Despite all sorts of challenges to their cultural survival, language use in still vigorous in the group.""}",,,bib1902,yes +1960-location-4,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Loreto, Peru""]}",,,bib5666,no +1960-location-5,1960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -75.3002]]}",,,bib5330,no +1960-location-6,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto,\nProvince of Urarinas, District of Urarinas, along the Chambira River (headwater of the Maranon River) and along all its headwaters; several groups along the rivers Urituyacu (also headwater of the Maranon) and Corrientes""}",,,bib1915,no +1960-location-7,1960,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The Urarina are to be found in the Loreto department on the Chambira, Urituyacu and Corrientes rivers, where they have lived for at least half a millennium, remaining relatively isolated due to the remoteness of their settlements and by choice. Despite all sorts of challenges to their cultural survival, language use in still vigorous in the group.""}",,,bib1914,yes 1960-speaker_number-1,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Women are monolingual. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 1960-speakers-1,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Women are monolingual. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -1960-speaker_number-2,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5642,no -1960-speakers-2,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5642,no -1960-speaker_number-3,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1960-speakers-3,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1960-speaker_number-4,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -1960-speakers-4,1960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +1960-speaker_number-2,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5666,no +1960-speakers-2,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5666,no +1960-speaker_number-3,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1960-speakers-3,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1960-speaker_number-4,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +1960-speakers-4,1960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 1960-speaker_number-5,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1960-speakers-5,1960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -1960-speaker_number-6,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -1960-speakers-6,1960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +1960-speaker_number-6,1960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +1960-speakers-6,1960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 1960-LEI-1,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages. Women are monolingual. Men range from monolingual to routine proficiency in Spanish.,bib67,no 1960-vitality-1,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All ages. Women are monolingual. Men range from monolingual to routine proficiency in Spanish.,bib67,no -1960-LEI-2,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5642,no -1960-vitality-2,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5642,no -1960-LEI-3,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1960-vitality-3,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1960-LEI-4,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1960-vitality-4,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +1960-LEI-2,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5666,no +1960-vitality-2,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5666,no +1960-LEI-3,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1960-vitality-3,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1960-LEI-4,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1960-vitality-4,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 1960-LEI-5,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1960-vitality-5,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1960-LEI-6,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -1960-vitality-6,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -1961-location-1,1961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.0425, -57.1026]]}",,,bib5307,no +1960-LEI-6,1960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +1960-vitality-6,1960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +1961-location-1,1961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.0425, -57.1026]]}",,,bib5330,no 1961-location-2,1961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, along the Paraguay River.""}",,,bib69,no -1961-location-3,1961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village located near Barra do Bugres municipality, in Mato Grosso state, on the edge of the Paraguay River, 160 km from Cuiab\u00e1.""}",,,bib7606,yes -1961-location-4,1961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Western Mato Grosso State, on the Bugres River (a tributary of the Paraguay), about 130km to the northeast of Cuiaba, AltoParaguai and Barra dos Bugres municipalities, Terra Indigena Umutina""}",,,bib1903,no +1961-location-3,1961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village located near Barra do Bugres municipality, in Mato Grosso state, on the edge of the Paraguay River, 160 km from Cuiab\u00e1.""}",,,bib7631,yes +1961-location-4,1961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Western Mato Grosso State, on the Bugres River (a tributary of the Paraguay), about 130km to the northeast of Cuiaba, AltoParaguai and Barra dos Bugres municipalities, Terra Indigena Umutina""}",,,bib1915,no 1961-speaker_number-1,1961,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"1 speaker (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 120 (1999). (Unchanged, 2016).",bib69,no 1961-speakers-1,1961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"1 speaker (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 120 (1999). (Unchanged, 2016).",bib69,no -1961-speakers-2,1961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The indigenous inhabitants of Mato Grosso no longer speak the original language daily.,bib7606,yes -1961-speakers-3,1961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009""}",,extinct,bib1902,no -1961-speaker_number-4,1961,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -1961-speakers-4,1961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""124"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +1961-speakers-2,1961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The indigenous inhabitants of Mato Grosso no longer speak the original language daily.,bib7631,yes +1961-speakers-3,1961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009""}",,extinct,bib1914,no +1961-speaker_number-4,1961,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +1961-speakers-4,1961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""124"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 1961-LEI-1,1961,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 1961-vitality-1,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -1961-LEI-2,1961,LEI,Awakening (),,"At the local school, Escola Julá Paré, Umitina is being taught to children.",bib7606,yes -1961-vitality-2,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"At the local school, Escola Julá Paré, Umitina is being taught to children.",bib7606,yes -1961-LEI-3,1961,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,no -1961-vitality-3,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,no -1961-LEI-4,1961,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -1961-vitality-4,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -1965-context-1,1965,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade, with friends, wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported using only Fulfulde and Hausa with friends, ""when discussing serious issues,"" as trade languages, and as the expected languages of wider communication.",bib2555,yes -1965-location-1,1965,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State, Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.917634, 12.518005], [9.562834, 12.141151], [9.459222, 12.427483]]}",,,bib2555,yes +1961-LEI-2,1961,LEI,Awakening (),,"At the local school, Escola Julá Paré, Umitina is being taught to children.",bib7631,yes +1961-vitality-2,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"At the local school, Escola Julá Paré, Umitina is being taught to children.",bib7631,yes +1961-LEI-3,1961,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,no +1961-vitality-3,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,no +1961-LEI-4,1961,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +1961-vitality-4,1961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +1965-context-1,1965,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade, with friends, wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported using only Fulfulde and Hausa with friends, ""when discussing serious issues,"" as trade languages, and as the expected languages of wider communication.",bib2568,yes +1965-location-1,1965,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State, Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.917634, 12.518005], [9.562834, 12.141151], [9.459222, 12.427483]]}",,,bib2568,yes 1965-speaker_number-2,1965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 1965-speakers-2,1965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -1965-LEI-1,1965,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,yes -1965-transmission-1,1965,transmission,0,transmission-0,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,yes -1965-domains_of_use-1,1965,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,yes -1965-vitality-1,1965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,yes +1965-LEI-1,1965,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,yes +1965-transmission-1,1965,transmission,0,transmission-0,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,yes +1965-domains_of_use-1,1965,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,yes +1965-vitality-1,1965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"100% of Bata-speaking respondents reported speaking Bata with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,yes 1965-LEI-2,1965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1965-vitality-2,1965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1986-context-1,1986,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,"In Malaysia, included in the category Orang Asli ‘aboriginal people’, along with all the groups who speak or formerly spoke various Austroasiatic languages. The Duano are also categorised as Orang Laut ‘sea people’ or migratory fishermen, which includes other AN groups further north, such as the Urak Lawoi and Moken/Moklen.",bib1205,yes -1986-location-1,1986,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.133569, 103.346883]]}",,,bib7945,no -1986-location-2,1986,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia and Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Malaysia: southern peninsular, coast between Johor Baru and Batu Pahat; Indonesia: islands east of northern Sumatra in the Straits of Malacca.""}",,,bib1205,yes -1986-speaker_number-1,1986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 7,500 group members, two-thirds in Indonesia and one third in Malaysia.",bib1205,yes -1986-speakers-1,1986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 7,500 group members, two-thirds in Indonesia and one third in Malaysia.",bib1205,yes +1986-context-1,1986,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,"In Malaysia, included in the category Orang Asli ‘aboriginal people’, along with all the groups who speak or formerly spoke various Austroasiatic languages. The Duano are also categorised as Orang Laut ‘sea people’ or migratory fishermen, which includes other AN groups further north, such as the Urak Lawoi and Moken/Moklen.",bib1214,yes +1986-location-1,1986,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.133569, 103.346883]]}",,,bib7970,no +1986-location-2,1986,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia and Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Malaysia: southern peninsular, coast between Johor Baru and Batu Pahat; Indonesia: islands east of northern Sumatra in the Straits of Malacca.""}",,,bib1214,yes +1986-speaker_number-1,1986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 7,500 group members, two-thirds in Indonesia and one third in Malaysia.",bib1214,yes +1986-speakers-1,1986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 7,500 group members, two-thirds in Indonesia and one third in Malaysia.",bib1214,yes 1986-speaker_number-2,1986,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""15,000 in Indonesia (2006 SIL)."" Data for the ethnic population comes from Seidlitz.",bib67,no 1986-speakers-2,1986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""15,000 in Indonesia (2006 SIL)."" Data for the ethnic population comes from Seidlitz.",bib67,no -1986-LEI-1,1986,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1205,yes -1986-speaker_number_trends-1,1986,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1205,yes -1986-vitality-1,1986,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1205,yes +1986-LEI-1,1986,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1214,yes +1986-speaker_number_trends-1,1986,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1214,yes +1986-vitality-1,1986,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is currently being absorbed into local Malay.,bib1214,yes 1986-LEI-2,1986,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1986-vitality-2,1986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1987-context-1,1987,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese; Thai""}",,"Known as Saloun in Burmese and sometimes as Chao Thalee ‘sea people’ in Thai; Moken is an autonym used by most dialect groups in Burma. Six dialect groups, from north to south Dung, Jait, Lebi and Niawi in Burma, Jadiak straddling the border, and Moklen in Thailand. There is one Jadiak village south of the Moklen at the southern tip of Phuket Island; but in this village there is extensive contact with Urak Lawoi and Thai and young people no longer speak traditional Moken.",bib1205,yes -1987-location-1,1987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.1953, 98.3036]]}",,,bib5307,no -1987-location-2,1987,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Burma: islands of the southeastern coast from Tavoy to the Thai border; and Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from the Burmese border to Phuket; also a few settlements on the coast.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1987-context-1,1987,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese; Thai""}",,"Known as Saloun in Burmese and sometimes as Chao Thalee ‘sea people’ in Thai; Moken is an autonym used by most dialect groups in Burma. Six dialect groups, from north to south Dung, Jait, Lebi and Niawi in Burma, Jadiak straddling the border, and Moklen in Thailand. There is one Jadiak village south of the Moklen at the southern tip of Phuket Island; but in this village there is extensive contact with Urak Lawoi and Thai and young people no longer speak traditional Moken.",bib1214,yes +1987-location-1,1987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.1953, 98.3036]]}",,,bib5330,no +1987-location-2,1987,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Burma: islands of the southeastern coast from Tavoy to the Thai border; and Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from the Burmese border to Phuket; also a few settlements on the coast.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1987-location-3,1987,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -1987-speaker_number-1,1987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1987-speakers-1,1987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1987-speaker_number-2,1987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1205,yes -1987-speakers-2,1987,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000 (Moken and Moklen together)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1205,yes -1987-LEI-1,1987,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1987-vitality-1,1987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1987-LEI-2,1987,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1987-speaker_number_trends-2,1987,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -1987-vitality-2,1987,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -1988-context-1,1988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Their name means ‘sea people’, and is cognate with Orang Laut which means the same in Malay.",bib1205,yes -1988-location-1,1988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.7756, 98.3306]]}",,,bib5307,no -1988-location-2,1988,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from Phuket to the Malaysian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.88, 98.392], [7.511, 99.084], [6.551, 100.047]]}",,,bib1205,yes +1987-speaker_number-1,1987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1987-speakers-1,1987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1987-speaker_number-2,1987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1214,yes +1987-speakers-2,1987,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000 (Moken and Moklen together)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1214,yes +1987-LEI-1,1987,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1987-vitality-1,1987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1987-LEI-2,1987,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1987-speaker_number_trends-2,1987,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +1987-vitality-2,1987,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +1988-context-1,1988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Their name means ‘sea people’, and is cognate with Orang Laut which means the same in Malay.",bib1214,yes +1988-location-1,1988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.7756, 98.3306]]}",,,bib5330,no +1988-location-2,1988,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from Phuket to the Malaysian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.88, 98.392], [7.511, 99.084], [6.551, 100.047]]}",,,bib1214,yes 1988-location-3,1988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0, 98.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 1988-location-4,1988,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand"", ""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Thailand: South, west coast, Phuket and Langta islands""}",,,bib67,no -1988-speaker_number-1,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1988-speakers-1,1988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1988-speaker_number-2,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1988-speakers-2,1988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1988-speaker_number-1,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1988-speakers-1,1988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1988-speaker_number-2,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1988-speakers-2,1988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1988-speaker_number-3,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1988-speakers-3,1988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1988-speaker_number-4,1988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (D. Hogan 1984). Ethnic population data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no 1988-speakers-4,1988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (D. Hogan 1984). Ethnic population data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no -1988-LEI-1,1988,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1988-vitality-1,1988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1988-LEI-2,1988,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1205,yes -1988-speaker_number_trends-2,1988,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1205,yes -1988-vitality-2,1988,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1205,yes +1988-LEI-1,1988,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1988-vitality-1,1988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1988-LEI-2,1988,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1214,yes +1988-speaker_number_trends-2,1988,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1214,yes +1988-vitality-2,1988,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"About 3,000 group members, mainly migratory fishermen. The language is often replaced by Thai and/or Malay when members of the group settle down.",bib1214,yes 1988-LEI-3,1988,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1988-vitality-3,1988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1988-LEI-4,1988,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1988-vitality-4,1988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1989-context-1,1989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese""}",,Recognised as the Chíuru ethnic group of Vietnam.,bib1205,yes -1989-location-1,1989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4666, 109.05]]}",,,bib5307,no -1989-location-2,1989,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern, inland from Phan Rang around Malam.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1989-context-1,1989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese""}",,Recognised as the Chíuru ethnic group of Vietnam.,bib1214,yes +1989-location-1,1989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4666, 109.05]]}",,,bib5330,no +1989-location-2,1989,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern, inland from Phan Rang around Malam.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1989-location-3,1989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.5, 108.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1989-location-4,1989,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Vietnam"", ""France""]}",,,bib67,no -1989-speaker_number-1,1989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -1989-speakers-1,1989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -1989-speaker_number-2,1989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1989-speakers-2,1989,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1989-speaker_number-1,1989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +1989-speakers-1,1989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +1989-speaker_number-2,1989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1989-speakers-2,1989,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1989-speaker_number-3,1989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 1989-speakers-3,1989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 1989-speakers-4,1989,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,"There are 15,000 speakers in Viet Nam (1999 census).",bib67,no -1989-LEI-1,1989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1989-vitality-1,1989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1989-LEI-2,1989,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1205,yes -1989-domains_of_use-2,1989,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1205,yes -1989-speaker_number_trends-2,1989,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1205,yes -1989-vitality-2,1989,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1205,yes +1989-LEI-1,1989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1989-vitality-1,1989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1989-LEI-2,1989,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1214,yes +1989-domains_of_use-2,1989,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1214,yes +1989-speaker_number_trends-2,1989,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1214,yes +1989-vitality-2,1989,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"This language is in decline, being replaced by Vietnamese in many domains.",bib1214,yes 1989-LEI-3,1989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1989-vitality-3,1989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -1990-location-1,1990,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern; west of Nha Trang to north of Phan Thiet inland from the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.249, 109.195], [10.95, 108.101]]}",,,bib1205,yes +1990-location-1,1990,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern; west of Nha Trang to north of Phan Thiet inland from the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.249, 109.195], [10.95, 108.101]]}",,,bib1214,yes 1990-location-2,1990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1666666667, 108.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -1990-speaker_number-1,1990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1990-speakers-1,1990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1990-speaker_number-1,1990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1990-speakers-1,1990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1990-speaker_number-2,1990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 1990-speakers-2,1990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -1990-LEI-1,1990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1990-vitality-1,1990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1990-LEI-1,1990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1990-vitality-1,1990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1990-LEI-2,1990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1990-vitality-2,1990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1991-location-1,1991,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.355922, 108.417794]]}",,,bib7945,no -1991-location-2,1991,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern; west of Nha Trang to north of Phan Thet inland from the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.249, 109.195], [10.95, 108.101]]}",,,bib1205,yes -1991-speaker_number-1,1991,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -1991-speakers-1,1991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1991-location-1,1991,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.355922, 108.417794]]}",,,bib7970,no +1991-location-2,1991,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: southern; west of Nha Trang to north of Phan Thet inland from the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.249, 109.195], [10.95, 108.101]]}",,,bib1214,yes +1991-speaker_number-1,1991,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +1991-speakers-1,1991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1991-speaker_number-2,1991,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1999 census.,bib67,no 1991-speakers-2,1991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1999 census.,bib67,no -1991-LEI-1,1991,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1991-vitality-1,1991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +1991-LEI-1,1991,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1991-vitality-1,1991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 1991-LEI-2,1991,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 1991-vitality-2,1991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -1992-context-1,1992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hainanese Min, Cantonese, Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Mandarin Chinese used for education and other formal purposes.,bib1205,yes -1992-location-1,1992,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2727, 109.3871]]}",,,bib5307,no -1992-location-2,1992,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Hainan Province, Sanya County, Huihui and Huixin villages.""}",,,bib1205,yes +1992-context-1,1992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hainanese Min, Cantonese, Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Mandarin Chinese used for education and other formal purposes.,bib1214,yes +1992-location-1,1992,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2727, 109.3871]]}",,,bib5330,no +1992-location-2,1992,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Hainan Province, Sanya County, Huihui and Huixin villages.""}",,,bib1214,yes 1992-location-3,1992,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.25, 109.5]]}",,,bib216,no 1992-location-4,1992,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""South Hainan Prefecture; Yaxian (Sanya) County, Yanglan District, Huixin and Huihui villages""}",,,bib67,no -1992-speaker_number-1,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -1992-speakers-1,1992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -1992-speaker_number-2,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -1992-speakers-2,1992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +1992-speaker_number-1,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +1992-speakers-1,1992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +1992-speaker_number-2,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +1992-speakers-2,1992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 1992-speaker_number-3,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 1992-speakers-3,1992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 1992-speaker_number-4,1992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Y. Zheng 1999). Ethnic population data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no 1992-speakers-4,1992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Y. Zheng 1999). Ethnic population data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no -1992-LEI-1,1992,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -1992-vitality-1,1992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -1992-LEI-2,1992,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -1992-domains_of_use-2,1992,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1205,yes -1992-speaker_number_trends-2,1992,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -1992-vitality-2,1992,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,yes +1992-LEI-1,1992,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +1992-vitality-1,1992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +1992-LEI-2,1992,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +1992-domains_of_use-2,1992,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1214,yes +1992-speaker_number_trends-2,1992,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +1992-vitality-2,1992,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,yes 1992-LEI-3,1992,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 1992-vitality-3,1992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 1992-LEI-4,1992,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -18058,146 +18163,146 @@ quite low, about 20 per cent of the population, mostly males.",bib1903,no 2005-location-1,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.5, -101.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2005-location-2,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Western Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no 2005-location-3,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oklahoma""]}",,Western Oklahoma.,bib70,no -2005-location-4,2005,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6086, -98.3904]]}",,,bib5307,no -2005-location-5,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Oklahoma, north of Lawton.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2005-location-6,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Western Oklahoma."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.6086, -98.3904]]}",,,bib1709,no -2005-location-7,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Oklahoma, north of Lawton""}",,,bib5309,no +2005-location-4,2005,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6086, -98.3904]]}",,,bib5330,no +2005-location-5,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Oklahoma, north of Lawton.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2005-location-6,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Western Oklahoma."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.6086, -98.3904]]}",,,bib1721,no +2005-location-7,2005,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Oklahoma, north of Lawton""}",,,bib5332,no 2005-speaker_number-1,2005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number decreasing.,bib67,no 2005-speakers-1,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number decreasing.,bib67,no 2005-speaker_number-2,2005,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"100 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8500 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 2005-speakers-2,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"100 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8500 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -2005-speaker_number-3,2005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2005-speakers-3,2005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2005-speaker_number-4,2005,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Before the 18th century the ancestors of the Comanches were Shoshoni speakers in what is now Wyoming, but the Comanche dialect became quite distinct after the groups separated, and they are now mutually intelligible only with difficulty. All speakers all older than 50.",bib5217,yes -2005-speakers-4,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""All speakers all older than 50.""}",,"Before the 18th century the ancestors of the Comanches were Shoshoni speakers in what is now Wyoming, but the Comanche dialect became quite distinct after the groups separated, and they are now mutually intelligible only with difficulty. All speakers all older than 50.",bib5217,yes +2005-speaker_number-3,2005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2005-speakers-3,2005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2005-speaker_number-4,2005,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Before the 18th century the ancestors of the Comanches were Shoshoni speakers in what is now Wyoming, but the Comanche dialect became quite distinct after the groups separated, and they are now mutually intelligible only with difficulty. All speakers all older than 50.",bib5240,yes +2005-speakers-4,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""All speakers all older than 50.""}",,"Before the 18th century the ancestors of the Comanches were Shoshoni speakers in what is now Wyoming, but the Comanche dialect became quite distinct after the groups separated, and they are now mutually intelligible only with difficulty. All speakers all older than 50.",bib5240,yes 2005-speaker_number-5,2005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2005-speakers-5,2005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2005-speaker_number-6,2005,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -2005-speakers-6,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,no +2005-speaker_number-6,2005,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +2005-speakers-6,2005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,no 2005-LEI-1,2005,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2005-vitality-1,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2005-LEI-2,2005,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 2005-transmission-2,2005,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 2005-speaker_number_trends-2,2005,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 2005-vitality-2,2005,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no -2005-LEI-3,2005,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2005-vitality-3,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2005-LEI-4,2005,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2005-vitality-4,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +2005-LEI-3,2005,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2005-vitality-3,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2005-LEI-4,2005,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2005-vitality-4,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 2005-LEI-5,2005,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2005-vitality-5,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2005-LEI-6,2005,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -2005-vitality-6,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no -2006-context-1,2006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Éy7á7juuthem (Comox) has been taught in the public school system since the early 1990s and it is accepted as a second language at three universities.,bib2541,no -2006-context-2,2006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +2005-LEI-6,2005,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +2005-vitality-6,2005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no +2006-context-1,2006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Éy7á7juuthem (Comox) has been taught in the public school system since the early 1990s and it is accepted as a second language at three universities.,bib2554,no +2006-context-2,2006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 2006-context-3,2006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Community-based language projects."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib68,no 2006-location-1,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.39, -124.64]]}",,,bib73,yes 2006-location-2,2006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.1666666667, -125.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2006-location-3,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.6795, -124.9542]]}",,,bib5307,no +2006-location-3,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.6795, -124.9542]]}",,,bib5330,no 2006-location-4,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Homalco First Nation Klahoose First Nation K'omoks First Nation Sliammon First Nation - Urban areas, especially Courtenay and Powell River",bib2541,no -2006-location-5,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Spoken at the northern end of the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia, both on the mainland and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib5217,no + Urban areas, especially Courtenay and Powell River",bib2554,no +2006-location-5,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Spoken at the northern end of the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia, both on the mainland and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib5240,no 2006-location-6,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Vancouver Island, and coast north of Powell River.""}",,,bib68,no -2006-location-7,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Spoken at the northern end of the straight of Georgia, both on the mainland and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib5309,no +2006-location-7,2006,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia. Spoken at the northern end of the straight of Georgia, both on the mainland and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib5332,no 2006-speaker_number-1,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib73,yes 2006-speakers-1,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,288"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""64"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""328""}",,,bib73,yes -2006-speaker_number-2,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2006-speakers-2,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2006-speaker_number-3,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -2006-speakers-3,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2037"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""106""}",,,bib1282,no -2006-speaker_number-4,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2541,no -2006-speakers-4,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""705""}",,,bib2541,no -2006-speaker_number-5,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The last fluent speaker of Island Comox died in the mid-1990s. Although in the early 1980s Mainland Comox was reported to be spoken fluently by about one-third of the population, in 2000 it was estimated that there were 60 or fewer active first-language speakers, most of them 55 or older, in a total population of 1,500.",bib5217,no -2006-speakers-5,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""most of them 55 or older""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Island Comox died in the mid-1990s. Although in the early 1980s Mainland Comox was reported to be spoken fluently by about one-third of the population, in 2000 it was estimated that there were 60 or fewer active first-language speakers, most of them 55 or older, in a total population of 1,500.",bib5217,no +2006-speaker_number-2,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2006-speakers-2,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2006-speaker_number-3,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +2006-speakers-3,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2037"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""106""}",,,bib1291,no +2006-speaker_number-4,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2554,no +2006-speakers-4,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""705""}",,,bib2554,no +2006-speaker_number-5,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The last fluent speaker of Island Comox died in the mid-1990s. Although in the early 1980s Mainland Comox was reported to be spoken fluently by about one-third of the population, in 2000 it was estimated that there were 60 or fewer active first-language speakers, most of them 55 or older, in a total population of 1,500.",bib5240,no +2006-speakers-5,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""most of them 55 or older""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Island Comox died in the mid-1990s. Although in the early 1980s Mainland Comox was reported to be spoken fluently by about one-third of the population, in 2000 it was estimated that there were 60 or fewer active first-language speakers, most of them 55 or older, in a total population of 1,500.",bib5240,no 2006-speaker_number-6,2006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 2006-speakers-6,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 2006-speaker_number-7,2006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2006-speakers-7,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2006-speaker_number-8,2006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -2006-speakers-8,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""78 fluent and 160 semi-speakers. 242 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""160"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""242""}",,,bib2905,no -2006-speaker_number-9,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -2006-speakers-9,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,no +2006-speaker_number-8,2006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +2006-speakers-8,2006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""78 fluent and 160 semi-speakers. 242 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""160"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""242""}",,,bib2919,no +2006-speaker_number-9,2006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +2006-speakers-9,2006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,no 2006-LEI-1,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 2006-transmission-1,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 2006-speaker_number_trends-1,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 2006-vitality-1,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -2006-LEI-2,2006,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2006-vitality-2,2006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2006-LEI-3,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1282,no -2006-transmission-3,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1282,no -2006-speaker_number_trends-3,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1282,no -2006-vitality-3,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1282,no -2006-LEI-4,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2541,no -2006-transmission-4,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2541,no -2006-speaker_number_trends-4,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2541,no -2006-vitality-4,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2541,no -2006-LEI-5,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2006-transmission-5,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2006-speaker_number_trends-5,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2006-vitality-5,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +2006-LEI-2,2006,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2006-vitality-2,2006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2006-LEI-3,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1291,no +2006-transmission-3,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1291,no +2006-speaker_number_trends-3,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1291,no +2006-vitality-3,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.3% fluent, 5.2%, 17.7% learners.",bib1291,no +2006-LEI-4,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2554,no +2006-transmission-4,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2554,no +2006-speaker_number_trends-4,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2554,no +2006-vitality-4,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.9% fluent speakers, 37.2% semispeakers, 18.6% learners.",bib2554,no +2006-LEI-5,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2006-transmission-5,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2006-speaker_number_trends-5,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2006-vitality-5,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 2006-LEI-6,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults. Speakers are highly bilingual in English. Some in ethnic group speak English as L1.,bib68,no 2006-transmission-6,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults. Speakers are highly bilingual in English. Some in ethnic group speak English as L1.,bib68,no 2006-vitality-6,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults. Speakers are highly bilingual in English. Some in ethnic group speak English as L1.,bib68,no 2006-LEI-7,2006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2006-vitality-7,2006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2006-LEI-8,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -2006-transmission-8,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -2006-speaker_number_trends-8,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -2006-vitality-8,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5309,no -2007-context-1,2007,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2007-context-2,2007,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all except the elderly""}",,"Several schools have attempted to introduce Creek in the first few years of primary education, and it has been taught in one elementary school in Florida since 1979. Courses are offered in Creek at the University of Oklahoma and other institutions, and approximately 100 adults study Creek formally each year.",bib5309,no +2006-LEI-8,2006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +2006-transmission-8,2006,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +2006-speaker_number_trends-8,2006,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +2006-vitality-8,2006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5332,no +2007-context-1,2007,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2007-context-2,2007,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all except the elderly""}",,"Several schools have attempted to introduce Creek in the first few years of primary education, and it has been taught in one elementary school in Florida since 1979. Courses are offered in Creek at the University of Oklahoma and other institutions, and approximately 100 adults study Creek formally each year.",bib5332,no 2007-location-1,2007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.0, -84.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2007-location-2,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Description"": ""East central Oklahoma, Creek and Seminole, south Alabama Creek; Florida, Seminole of Brighton Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no -2007-location-3,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6319, -95.9616]]}",,,bib5307,no -2007-location-4,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""]}",,,bib5217,yes -2007-location-5,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6319, -95.9616]]}",,,bib1709,no -2007-location-6,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by residents of the the former territory of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Nation in\neast-central Oklahoma, and by members of Seminole Tribe of Florida, most of them living on the Brighton Reservation.""}",,,bib5309,no +2007-location-3,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6319, -95.9616]]}",,,bib5330,no +2007-location-4,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""]}",,,bib5240,yes +2007-location-5,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6319, -95.9616]]}",,,bib1721,no +2007-location-6,2007,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma, Florida""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by residents of the the former territory of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Nation in\neast-central Oklahoma, and by members of Seminole Tribe of Florida, most of them living on the Brighton Reservation.""}",,,bib5332,no 2007-speaker_number-1,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4300 (1997 C. Pye). 43 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 7215 (2000 US census). (4000 [2016.])",bib67,no 2007-speakers-1,2007,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7215"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 (speakers), 2000 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4300 (1997 C. Pye). 43 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 7215 (2000 US census). (4000 [2016.])",bib67,no -2007-speaker_number-2,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2007-speakers-2,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2007-speaker_number-2,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2007-speakers-2,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2007-speaker_number-3,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by 4,000 to 6,000 residents of the the former territory of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Nation in east-central Oklahoma, and by fewer than 200 members of Seminole Tribe of Florida, most of them living on the Brighton Reservation. The dialect of Creek spoken by the Florida Seminoles is distinct. There -are also some differences between the dialects of the tribal groups in Oklahoma. As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes +are also some differences between the dialects of the tribal groups in Oklahoma. As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes 2007-speakers-3,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by 4,000 to 6,000 residents of the the former territory of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Nation in east-central Oklahoma, and by fewer than 200 members of Seminole Tribe of Florida, most of them living on the Brighton Reservation. The dialect of Creek spoken by the Florida Seminoles is distinct. There -are also some differences between the dialects of the tribal groups in Oklahoma. As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes +are also some differences between the dialects of the tribal groups in Oklahoma. As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes 2007-speaker_number-4,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2007-speakers-4,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2007-speaker_number-5,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -2007-speakers-5,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +2007-speaker_number-5,2007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +2007-speakers-5,2007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 2007-LEI-1,2007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2007-vitality-1,2007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2007-LEI-2,2007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2007-vitality-2,2007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2007-LEI-3,2007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes -2007-transmission-3,2007,transmission,4,transmission-4,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes -2007-speaker_number_trends-3,2007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes -2007-vitality-3,2007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5217,yes +2007-LEI-2,2007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2007-vitality-2,2007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2007-LEI-3,2007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes +2007-transmission-3,2007,transmission,4,transmission-4,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes +2007-speaker_number_trends-3,2007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes +2007-vitality-3,2007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5240,yes 2007-LEI-4,2007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2007-vitality-4,2007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2007-LEI-5,2007,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5309,no -2007-transmission-5,2007,transmission,2,transmission-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5309,no -2007-domains_of_use-5,2007,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5309,no -2007-speaker_number_trends-5,2007,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5309,no -2007-vitality-5,2007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5309,no +2007-LEI-5,2007,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5332,no +2007-transmission-5,2007,transmission,2,transmission-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5332,no +2007-domains_of_use-5,2007,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5332,no +2007-speaker_number_trends-5,2007,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5332,no +2007-vitality-5,2007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"As of 2001, the youngest speaker in Oklahoma was 18, the youngest in Florida 44. Creek is routinely used among those in their 60s and above, and is also widely used at church services, for hymns, and for ceremonial speeches.",bib5332,no 2008-context-1,2008,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Increasing efforts toward language preservation.,bib70,no 2008-context-2,2008,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"There have been bilingual programs in the reservation schools since the 1960s, and these programs have produced a number of language booklets and a small dictionary. The New Testament in Crow is in the final stages of translation. In recent years increasing efforts have been directed toward language preservation through summer immersion programs and early -childhood programs.",bib5309,no +childhood programs.",bib5332,no 2008-location-1,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.0, -108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2008-location-2,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Description"": ""Southern Montana.""}",,,bib67,no 2008-location-3,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Montana""]}",,Southern Montana.,bib70,no -2008-location-4,2008,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5963, -107.4613]]}",,,bib5307,no -2008-location-5,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Crow Reservation in southeastern Montana and in adjacent off-reservation communities. Principal towns on the reservation are Crow Agency, Lodge Grass, Pryor, Wyola and St. Xavier.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2008-location-6,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.5963, -107.4613]]}",,,bib1709,no -2008-location-7,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Crow Reservation in southeastern Montana and in adjacent Off-reservation communities.""}",,,bib5309,no +2008-location-4,2008,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.5963, -107.4613]]}",,,bib5330,no +2008-location-5,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Crow Reservation in southeastern Montana and in adjacent off-reservation communities. Principal towns on the reservation are Crow Agency, Lodge Grass, Pryor, Wyola and St. Xavier.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2008-location-6,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.5963, -107.4613]]}",,,bib1721,no +2008-location-7,2008,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Crow Reservation in southeastern Montana and in adjacent Off-reservation communities.""}",,,bib5332,no 2008-speaker_number-1,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census. ""Ethnic population: 9,840 enrolled in the nation (1999 BIA). 4,350 (2000 census)."" 3,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,500 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -18206,250 +18311,250 @@ childhood programs.",bib5309,no 3,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,500 (Golla 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 2008-speaker_number-2,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,500 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 2008-speakers-2,2008,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,500 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -2008-speaker_number-3,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2008-speakers-3,2008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2008-speaker_number-4,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000-4,000 first language speakers, mostly over the age of thirty. There are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are Crow speakers, and a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language.",bib5217,yes -2008-speakers-4,2008,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""mostly over the age of 30"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language""}",,"3,000-4,000 first language speakers, mostly over the age of thirty. There are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are Crow speakers, and a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language.",bib5217,yes +2008-speaker_number-3,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2008-speakers-3,2008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2008-speaker_number-4,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000-4,000 first language speakers, mostly over the age of thirty. There are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are Crow speakers, and a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language.",bib5240,yes +2008-speakers-4,2008,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""mostly over the age of 30"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language""}",,"3,000-4,000 first language speakers, mostly over the age of thirty. There are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are Crow speakers, and a larger number who are semi-speakers and/or understand the language.",bib5240,yes 2008-speaker_number-5,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2008-speakers-5,2008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2008-speaker_number-6,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -2008-speakers-6,2008,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a \""large number\"" of semi-speakers""}",,,bib5309,no +2008-speaker_number-6,2008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +2008-speakers-6,2008,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a \""large number\"" of semi-speakers""}",,,bib5332,no 2008-LEI-1,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2008-vitality-1,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2008-LEI-2,2008,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most younger people are semispeakers. Most speakers are 30 and older. A few younger.,bib70,no 2008-transmission-2,2008,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most younger people are semispeakers. Most speakers are 30 and older. A few younger.,bib70,no 2008-speaker_number_trends-2,2008,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Most younger people are semispeakers. Most speakers are 30 and older. A few younger.,bib70,no 2008-vitality-2,2008,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most younger people are semispeakers. Most speakers are 30 and older. A few younger.,bib70,no -2008-LEI-3,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2008-vitality-3,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2008-LEI-4,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2008-vitality-4,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +2008-LEI-3,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2008-vitality-3,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2008-LEI-4,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2008-vitality-4,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 2008-LEI-5,2008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2008-vitality-5,2008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2008-LEI-6,2008,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5309,no -2008-transmission-6,2008,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5309,no -2008-domains_of_use-6,2008,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5309,no -2008-speaker_number_trends-6,2008,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5309,no -2008-vitality-6,2008,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5309,no +2008-LEI-6,2008,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5332,no +2008-transmission-6,2008,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5332,no +2008-domains_of_use-6,2008,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5332,no +2008-speaker_number_trends-6,2008,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5332,no +2008-vitality-6,2008,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most speakers are over 30, but there are a few children, teenagers and young adults who are also fluent speakers.",bib5332,no 2009-location-1,2009,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Near the Pala reservation, north of Valley Center, California.""}",,,bib69,no 2009-location-2,2009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.1666666667, -116.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2009-location-3,2009,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""On the rancheria at Pala.""}",,,bib5217,no +2009-location-3,2009,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""On the rancheria at Pala.""}",,,bib5240,no 2009-speakers-1,2009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,Last speaker died in 1987 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 20 (2000 census).,bib69,no -2009-speakers-2,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Cupeño died in 1987 at the age of 94, although several people still remember a few words and phrases and there is one elderly semi-speaker.",bib5217,no -2009-speakers-3,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last known fluent speaker passed away in 1987,bib5309,no -2009-speakers-4,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Cupeño means 'one from Kupa.' They are actually the Kuupangaxwichem, the 'people from the sleeping place.' The sleeping place was their traditional homeland at Warner's Hot Springs, but following the massacre there the survivors were relocated (along with Luiseno families) to what is now the Pala Reservation. Limu is conducting linguistic research in the language of the Kuupangaxwichem to develop resources that will assist their revitalization efforts.",bib6037,yes +2009-speakers-2,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"The last fluent speaker of Cupeño died in 1987 at the age of 94, although several people still remember a few words and phrases and there is one elderly semi-speaker.",bib5240,no +2009-speakers-3,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last known fluent speaker passed away in 1987,bib5332,no +2009-speakers-4,2009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Cupeño means 'one from Kupa.' They are actually the Kuupangaxwichem, the 'people from the sleeping place.' The sleeping place was their traditional homeland at Warner's Hot Springs, but following the massacre there the survivors were relocated (along with Luiseno families) to what is now the Pala Reservation. Limu is conducting linguistic research in the language of the Kuupangaxwichem to develop resources that will assist their revitalization efforts.",bib6061,yes 2009-LEI-1,2009,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 2009-vitality-1,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -2009-LEI-2,2009,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -2009-vitality-2,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -2009-LEI-3,2009,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5309,no -2009-vitality-3,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5309,no -2009-LEI-4,2009,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6037,yes -2009-vitality-4,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6037,yes -201-context-1,201,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Uhunduni""}",,,bib7938,yes -201-location-1,201,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.2054, 137.031]]}",,,bib5307,no -201-location-2,201,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of Mt Jaya, the highest peak of the Carstens Mountains.""}",,,bib7938,yes -201-speaker_number-1,201,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -201-speakers-1,201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes -201-LEI-1,201,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -201-transmission-1,201,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,yes -201-speaker_number_trends-1,201,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -201-vitality-1,201,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes -2011-context-1,2011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kamano, Benabena"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The language has been under intense pressure from Kamano.,bib7937,yes -2011-location-1,2011,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1883, 145.5976]]}",,,bib5307,no -2011-location-2,2011,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Highlands Province, eastern part of the Goroka District. Spoken north of Henganofi, around Kisi."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.12, 145.66]]}",,The speakers appear to have migrated from the southern Huon Peninsula area into the Eastern Highlands where they live in the territory of the large Kamano language.,bib7937,yes +2009-LEI-2,2009,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +2009-vitality-2,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +2009-LEI-3,2009,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5332,no +2009-vitality-3,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5332,no +2009-LEI-4,2009,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6061,yes +2009-vitality-4,2009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6061,yes +201-context-1,201,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Uhunduni""}",,,bib7963,yes +201-location-1,201,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.2054, 137.031]]}",,,bib5330,no +201-location-2,201,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of Mt Jaya, the highest peak of the Carstens Mountains.""}",,,bib7963,yes +201-speaker_number-1,201,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +201-speakers-1,201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes +201-LEI-1,201,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +201-transmission-1,201,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,yes +201-speaker_number_trends-1,201,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +201-vitality-1,201,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes +2011-context-1,2011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kamano, Benabena"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The language has been under intense pressure from Kamano.,bib7962,yes +2011-location-1,2011,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1883, 145.5976]]}",,,bib5330,no +2011-location-2,2011,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Highlands Province, eastern part of the Goroka District. Spoken north of Henganofi, around Kisi."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.12, 145.66]]}",,The speakers appear to have migrated from the southern Huon Peninsula area into the Eastern Highlands where they live in the territory of the large Kamano language.,bib7962,yes 2011-location-3,2011,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2011-speaker_number-1,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2011-speakers-1,2011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2011-speaker_number-2,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In the 1960s, there were still about 150 speakers of it, but in 1994 only five were left.",bib7937,yes -2011-speakers-2,2011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In the 1960s, there were still about 150 speakers of it, but in 1994 only five were left.",bib7937,yes +2011-speaker_number-1,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2011-speakers-1,2011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2011-speaker_number-2,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In the 1960s, there were still about 150 speakers of it, but in 1994 only five were left.",bib7962,yes +2011-speakers-2,2011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In the 1960s, there were still about 150 speakers of it, but in 1994 only five were left.",bib7962,yes 2011-speaker_number-3,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2011-speakers-3,2011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2011-speaker_number-4,2011,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 (1994 SIL). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1975).,bib67,no 2011-speakers-4,2011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 (1994 SIL). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1975).,bib67,no -2011-LEI-1,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2011-vitality-1,2011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2011-LEI-2,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2011-transmission-2,2011,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -2011-speaker_number_trends-2,2011,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,yes -2011-vitality-2,2011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,yes +2011-LEI-1,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2011-vitality-1,2011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2011-LEI-2,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2011-transmission-2,2011,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +2011-speaker_number_trends-2,2011,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,yes +2011-vitality-2,2011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,yes 2011-LEI-3,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2011-vitality-3,2011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2011-LEI-4,2011,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2011-vitality-4,2011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2012-context-1,2012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Siawi [mmp], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2012-context-2,2012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau""}",,,bib4545,no -2012-location-1,2012,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.052936077, 141.3284454]]}",,,bib7945,no +2012-context-2,2012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau""}",,,bib4566,no +2012-location-1,2012,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.052936077, 141.3284454]]}",,,bib7970,no 2012-location-2,2012,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab Rocky Peak districts, south of Upper Sepik river, toward Left May river headwaters on Samaia river, Amto, Habiyon, and Amu villages.""}",,,bib69,no -2012-location-3,2012,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Amto, Minor, and Wakumo villages""}",,,bib4545,no -2012-location-4,2012,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in the Amanab Province, south of the Upper Sepik River, toward the headwaters of the Left May River, on the Samaia River.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2012-location-3,2012,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Amto, Minor, and Wakumo villages""}",,,bib4566,no +2012-location-4,2012,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in the Amanab Province, south of the Upper Sepik River, toward the headwaters of the Left May River, on the Samaia River.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2012-speaker_number-1,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2012-speakers-1,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2012-speaker_number-2,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2006 NTM),bib69,no 2012-speakers-2,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2006 NTM),bib69,no -2012-speaker_number-3,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2012-speakers-3,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -2012-speaker_number-4,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 230 speakers were reported. This number may still be correct, but the speakers are acculturating rapidly.",bib7937,yes -2012-speakers-4,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 230 speakers were reported. This number may still be correct, but the speakers are acculturating rapidly.",bib7937,yes +2012-speaker_number-3,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2012-speakers-3,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +2012-speaker_number-4,2012,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 230 speakers were reported. This number may still be correct, but the speakers are acculturating rapidly.",bib7962,yes +2012-speakers-4,2012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 230 speakers were reported. This number may still be correct, but the speakers are acculturating rapidly.",bib7962,yes 2012-LEI-1,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2012-vitality-1,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2012-LEI-2,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2012-vitality-2,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2012-LEI-3,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2012-vitality-3,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2012-LEI-4,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2012-vitality-4,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2013-location-1,2013,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6522, 149.7656]]}",,,bib5307,no -2013-location-2,2013,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province, Cape Vogel. Spoken on the north coast of Cape Vogel Peninsula, around Tapiosan.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2012-LEI-3,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2012-vitality-3,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2012-LEI-4,2012,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2012-vitality-4,2012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2013-location-1,2013,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6522, 149.7656]]}",,,bib5330,no +2013-location-2,2013,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province, Cape Vogel. Spoken on the north coast of Cape Vogel Peninsula, around Tapiosan.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2013-location-3,2013,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2013-speaker_number-1,2013,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2013-speakers-1,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""542"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2013-speaker_number-2,2013,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -2013-speakers-2,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""574"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes +2013-speaker_number-1,2013,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2013-speakers-1,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""542"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2013-speaker_number-2,2013,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +2013-speakers-2,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""574"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes 2013-speaker_number-3,2013,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2013-speakers-3,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2013-speakers-4,2013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890""}",,(2001 SIL),bib67,no -2013-LEI-1,2013,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2013-vitality-1,2013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2013-LEI-2,2013,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2013-transmission-2,2013,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2013-domains_of_use-2,2013,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2013-vitality-2,2013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes +2013-LEI-1,2013,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2013-vitality-1,2013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2013-LEI-2,2013,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2013-transmission-2,2013,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2013-domains_of_use-2,2013,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2013-vitality-2,2013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from the related larger Are (Mukawa) language, and the children tend to prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes 2013-LEI-3,2013,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2013-vitality-3,2013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2025-context-1,2025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7527,yes -2025-context-2,2025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Aboriginal names were used by non-aboriginals until the 1960's when teachers demanded that English names be given. Not all young Aboriginal parents know their children's Aboriginal names nowadays but these are recorded on birth certificates. The Groote Eylandt Aborigines speak English with varying degrees of competency.,bib4575,no +2025-context-1,2025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7552,yes +2025-context-2,2025,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Aboriginal names were used by non-aboriginals until the 1960's when teachers demanded that English names be given. Not all young Aboriginal parents know their children's Aboriginal names nowadays but these are recorded on birth certificates. The Groote Eylandt Aborigines speak English with varying degrees of competency.,bib4596,no 2025-location-1,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2025-location-2,2025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.05312996, 136.6124148]]}",,,bib1182,no -2025-location-3,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Groote Eylandt, Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia""}",,,bib7527,yes -2025-location-4,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""The island of Groote Eylandt in the Northern Territory, located 50 km from the mainland.""}",,"Anindilyakwa [enin̪t̪ilyakwa] is the language spoken by over 1,000 Warnindilyakwa Aborigines on Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory.",bib4575,no -2025-location-5,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Groote Eylandt, Australia"", ""Bickerton Island, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-13.939399, 136.592789], [-13.747389, 136.231041]]}",,"Anindilyakwa is a language from Groote Eylandt and Bickerton Island, in the Top End of the Northern Territory.",bib7416,no -2025-speaker_number-1,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -2025-speakers-1,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +2025-location-2,2025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.05312996, 136.6124148]]}",,,bib1191,no +2025-location-3,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Groote Eylandt, Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia""}",,,bib7552,yes +2025-location-4,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""The island of Groote Eylandt in the Northern Territory, located 50 km from the mainland.""}",,"Anindilyakwa [enin̪t̪ilyakwa] is the language spoken by over 1,000 Warnindilyakwa Aborigines on Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory.",bib4596,no +2025-location-5,2025,location,"{""Places"": [""Groote Eylandt, Australia"", ""Bickerton Island, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-13.939399, 136.592789], [-13.747389, 136.231041]]}",,"Anindilyakwa is a language from Groote Eylandt and Bickerton Island, in the Top End of the Northern Territory.",bib7440,no +2025-speaker_number-1,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +2025-speakers-1,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 2025-speaker_number-2,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1996 census),bib67,no 2025-speakers-2,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1996 census),bib67,no 2025-speaker_number-4,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2025-speakers-4,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -2025-speaker_number-5,2025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3333,no -2025-speakers-5,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3333,no -2025-speaker_number-6,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2025-speakers-6,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2025-speaker_number-7,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7527,yes -2025-speakers-7,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7527,yes -2025-speaker_number-8,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4575,no -2025-speakers-8,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4575,no -2025-speaker_number-9,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[…] respondent reported that Anindilyakwa is used by all age groups, with full speakers in all age groups using the language 'always'.",bib7416,no -2025-speakers-9,2025,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""200"", ""Young Adults"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1400-1600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""100""}",,"[…] respondent reported that Anindilyakwa is used by all age groups, with full speakers in all age groups using the language 'always'.",bib7416,no +2025-speaker_number-5,2025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3350,no +2025-speakers-5,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3350,no +2025-speaker_number-6,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2025-speakers-6,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2025-speaker_number-7,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7552,yes +2025-speakers-7,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7552,yes +2025-speaker_number-8,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4596,no +2025-speakers-8,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4596,no +2025-speaker_number-9,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[…] respondent reported that Anindilyakwa is used by all age groups, with full speakers in all age groups using the language 'always'.",bib7440,no +2025-speakers-9,2025,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""200"", ""Young Adults"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1400-1600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""100""}",,"[…] respondent reported that Anindilyakwa is used by all age groups, with full speakers in all age groups using the language 'always'.",bib7440,no 2025-speaker_number-10,2025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2025-speakers-10,2025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2025-LEI-1,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2025-vitality-1,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2025-LEI-1,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2025-vitality-1,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2025-LEI-2,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2025-vitality-2,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2025-LEI-3,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2025-vitality-3,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2025-LEI-4,2025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,no -2025-vitality-4,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3333,no -2025-LEI-5,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2025-vitality-5,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2025-LEI-6,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is endangered because of cultural breakdown, illiteracy, lack of teaching material and growing influence of English. This is manifested in the fact that the more complex forms are no longer being used by younger speakers today.",bib7527,yes -2025-vitality-6,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is endangered because of cultural breakdown, illiteracy, lack of teaching material and growing influence of English. This is manifested in the fact that the more complex forms are no longer being used by younger speakers today.",bib7527,yes -2025-LEI-7,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4575,no -2025-vitality-7,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4575,no -2025-LEI-8,2025,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7416,no -2025-transmission-8,2025,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7416,no -2025-speaker_number_trends-8,2025,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib7416,no -2025-vitality-8,2025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7416,no +2025-LEI-4,2025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,no +2025-vitality-4,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3350,no +2025-LEI-5,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2025-vitality-5,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2025-LEI-6,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is endangered because of cultural breakdown, illiteracy, lack of teaching material and growing influence of English. This is manifested in the fact that the more complex forms are no longer being used by younger speakers today.",bib7552,yes +2025-vitality-6,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is endangered because of cultural breakdown, illiteracy, lack of teaching material and growing influence of English. This is manifested in the fact that the more complex forms are no longer being used by younger speakers today.",bib7552,yes +2025-LEI-7,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4596,no +2025-vitality-7,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4596,no +2025-LEI-8,2025,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7440,no +2025-transmission-8,2025,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7440,no +2025-speaker_number_trends-8,2025,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib7440,no +2025-vitality-8,2025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7440,no 2025-LEI-9,2025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2025-vitality-9,2025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2026-context-1,2026,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5151,yes +2026-context-1,2026,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5173,yes 2026-context-2,2026,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib68,no -2026-location-1,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken between the Pintoyacu, Chambira, and Nanay rivers in Maynas Province, Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2026-location-1,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken between the Pintoyacu, Chambira, and Nanay rivers in Maynas Province, Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2026-location-2,2026,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, -74.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2026-location-3,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib5151,yes -2026-location-4,2026,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6449, -74.1577]]}",,,bib5307,no -2026-location-5,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peruvian Amazon""}",,,bib2477,no -2026-location-6,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Province of Maynas, on the Nanay River, to the northwest of Iquitos, in San Antonio de\nPintoyacu, Atalaya, and Saboya.""}",,,bib1903,no +2026-location-3,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib5173,yes +2026-location-4,2026,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6449, -74.1577]]}",,,bib5330,no +2026-location-5,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peruvian Amazon""}",,,bib2490,no +2026-location-6,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Province of Maynas, on the Nanay River, to the northwest of Iquitos, in San Antonio de\nPintoyacu, Atalaya, and Saboya.""}",,,bib1915,no 2026-location-7,2026,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Pintoyacu, Nanay, and Chambira rivers; San Antonia and Atalaya.""}",,,bib68,no -2026-speaker_number-1,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5151,yes -2026-speakers-1,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12-15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5151,yes -2026-speaker_number-2,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2026-speakers-2,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2026-speaker_number-3,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2477,no -2026-speakers-3,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2477,no -2026-speaker_number-4,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2026-speakers-4,2026,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22-26"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +2026-speaker_number-1,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5173,yes +2026-speakers-1,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12-15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5173,yes +2026-speaker_number-2,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2026-speakers-2,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2026-speaker_number-3,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2490,no +2026-speakers-3,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2490,no +2026-speaker_number-4,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2026-speakers-4,2026,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22-26"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2026-speaker_number-5,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,1 monolingual,bib68,no 2026-speakers-5,2026,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (speaker number), 2007 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,1 monolingual,bib68,no 2026-speaker_number-6,2026,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2026-speakers-6,2026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2026-LEI-1,2026,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8124,no -2026-transmission-1,2026,transmission,5,transmission-5,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8124,no -2026-vitality-1,2026,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8124,no -2026-LEI-2,2026,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5151,yes -2026-transmission-2,2026,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5151,yes -2026-domains_of_use-2,2026,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5151,yes -2026-speaker_number_trends-2,2026,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5151,yes -2026-vitality-2,2026,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5151,yes -2026-LEI-3,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2026-vitality-3,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2026-LEI-4,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2477,no -2026-vitality-4,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2477,no -2026-LEI-5,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2026-vitality-5,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2026-LEI-1,2026,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8149,no +2026-transmission-1,2026,transmission,5,transmission-5,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8149,no +2026-vitality-1,2026,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Spoken fluently only by seniors.,bib8149,no +2026-LEI-2,2026,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5173,yes +2026-transmission-2,2026,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5173,yes +2026-domains_of_use-2,2026,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5173,yes +2026-speaker_number_trends-2,2026,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5173,yes +2026-vitality-2,2026,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5173,yes +2026-LEI-3,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2026-vitality-3,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2026-LEI-4,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2490,no +2026-vitality-4,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2490,no +2026-LEI-5,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2026-vitality-5,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2026-LEI-6,2026,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Decreasing. Older adults.,bib68,no 2026-transmission-6,2026,transmission,5,transmission-5,Decreasing. Older adults.,bib68,no 2026-vitality-6,2026,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Decreasing. Older adults.,bib68,no 2026-LEI-7,2026,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2026-vitality-7,2026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2027-context-1,2027,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5130,no -2027-context-2,2027,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English, Ngalkbun"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are bilingual in Kriol, the English-derived pidgin lingua franca, and some also in English, and some in Ngalkbun, another larger Gunwinyguan language. All education is in Kriol and English.",bib5309,yes +2027-context-1,2027,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5152,no +2027-context-2,2027,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English, Ngalkbun"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are bilingual in Kriol, the English-derived pidgin lingua franca, and some also in English, and some in Ngalkbun, another larger Gunwinyguan language. All education is in Kriol and English.",bib5332,yes 2027-location-1,2027,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2027-location-2,2027,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.17990999, 132.5558136]]}",,,bib1182,no -2027-location-3,2027,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Arnhem Land, Australia""]}",,,bib5130,no -2027-location-4,2027,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northeastern Arnhem Land, Bamyili settlement, and at Katherine.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +2027-location-2,2027,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.17990999, 132.5558136]]}",,,bib1191,no +2027-location-3,2027,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Arnhem Land, Australia""]}",,,bib5152,no +2027-location-4,2027,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northeastern Arnhem Land, Bamyili settlement, and at Katherine.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 2027-speakers-1,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no 2027-speaker_number-2,2027,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2027-speakers-2,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2027-speaker_number-3,2027,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2027-speakers-3,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2027-speaker_number-4,2027,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5130,no -2027-speakers-4,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5130,no +2027-speaker_number-3,2027,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2027-speakers-3,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2027-speaker_number-4,2027,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5152,no +2027-speakers-4,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5152,no 2027-speaker_number-5,2027,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2027-speakers-5,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2027-speaker_number-6,2027,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly 100 speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers is much lower today...",bib5309,yes -2027-speakers-6,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly 100 speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers is much lower today...",bib5309,yes +2027-speaker_number-6,2027,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly 100 speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers is much lower today...",bib5332,yes +2027-speakers-6,2027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly 100 speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers is much lower today...",bib5332,yes 2027-LEI-1,2027,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2027-vitality-1,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2027-LEI-2,2027,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2027-vitality-2,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2027-LEI-3,2027,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5130,no -2027-vitality-3,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5130,no +2027-LEI-2,2027,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2027-vitality-2,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2027-LEI-3,2027,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5152,no +2027-vitality-3,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5152,no 2027-LEI-4,2027,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2027-vitality-4,2027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2027-LEI-5,2027,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2027-transmission-5,2027,transmission,5,transmission-5,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2027-domains_of_use-5,2027,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2027-speaker_number_trends-5,2027,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2027-vitality-5,2027,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes +2027-LEI-5,2027,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2027-transmission-5,2027,transmission,5,transmission-5,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2027-domains_of_use-5,2027,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2027-speaker_number_trends-5,2027,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2027-vitality-5,2027,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...even aged people use it only rarely. Jawoyn is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes 2028-context-1,2028,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In Peru, there is a stigma attached to being part of an indigenous group, which generates unfavorable conditions for people to identify themselves as members of such groups... the low social prestige of Kokama together with its use for limited communicative purposes provides little motivation for younger people to learn the language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""FORMABIAP"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"So far, only a few materials for language education have been produced in Kokama by institutions like -FORMABIAP [Programa de Formación de Maestros Bilingues de la Amazonía Peruana], but this initiative is by no means part of a plan by the government to protect endangered languages.",bib7519,yes -2028-context-2,2028,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Castellano Sharapa""}",,Most members of the Cocama-Cocamilla group have switched to Castellano Sharapa.,bib1903,no -2028-location-1,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The Kokama people live in the Peruvian Amazon, approximately between 3 \u030a to 5 \u030a south latitude, and 73 \u030a to 76 \u030a west longitude. Kokama communities are located on the upper Amazon River and several of its major tributaries, including the Huallaga, Mara\u00f1on, Ucayali, Nanay, and Itaya rivers. The estimated 120 Kokama villages are located in the Peruvian department of Loreto, specifically in the provinces of Maynas, Alto Amazonas, Requena, Maquia and Ucayali. A considerable number of Kokamas now reside in cities within Loreto, such as Iquitos and Yurimaguas, and midsize towns like Lagunas, Nauta, Requena, among others."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib7519,yes -2028-location-2,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Tigre, Urituyacu, and Huallaga rivers, in the provinces of Alto Amazonas, Requena, and Loreto, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +FORMABIAP [Programa de Formación de Maestros Bilingues de la Amazonía Peruana], but this initiative is by no means part of a plan by the government to protect endangered languages.",bib7544,yes +2028-context-2,2028,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Castellano Sharapa""}",,Most members of the Cocama-Cocamilla group have switched to Castellano Sharapa.,bib1915,no +2028-location-1,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The Kokama people live in the Peruvian Amazon, approximately between 3 \u030a to 5 \u030a south latitude, and 73 \u030a to 76 \u030a west longitude. Kokama communities are located on the upper Amazon River and several of its major tributaries, including the Huallaga, Mara\u00f1on, Ucayali, Nanay, and Itaya rivers. The estimated 120 Kokama villages are located in the Peruvian department of Loreto, specifically in the provinces of Maynas, Alto Amazonas, Requena, Maquia and Ucayali. A considerable number of Kokamas now reside in cities within Loreto, such as Iquitos and Yurimaguas, and midsize towns like Lagunas, Nauta, Requena, among others."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib7544,yes +2028-location-2,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Tigre, Urituyacu, and Huallaga rivers, in the provinces of Alto Amazonas, Requena, and Loreto, in the region of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2028-location-3,2028,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, -74.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2028-location-4,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Brazil"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib67,no 2028-location-5,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil, Colombia""]}",,"In Peru: Loreto region: Huallaga, lower Marañon, and northeast lower Ucayali rivers’ area. In Brazil: Amazonas state: Rio Solimões region, Terra Indígena Acapuri de Cima, Terra Indígena Espírito Santo, Terra Indígena Evaré I, Terra Indígena Kokama. In Coplombia: Amazonas department: Ronda Island in Amazon River opposite Leticia city, and in Naranjales, Palmeras, and San José villages.",bib70,no -2028-location-6,2028,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8282, -74.2565]]}",,,bib5307,no -2028-location-7,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peruvian Amazon""]}",,,bib7520,no -2028-location-8,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru, possibly Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru: along the Huallaga, Lower Maranon, Lower Ucayali, Amazonas, and Lower Nanay rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +2028-location-6,2028,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8282, -74.2565]]}",,,bib5330,no +2028-location-7,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peruvian Amazon""]}",,,bib7545,no +2028-location-8,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru, possibly Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Peru: along the Huallaga, Lower Maranon, Lower Ucayali, Amazonas, and Lower Nanay rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 2028-location-9,2028,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Colombia, Brazil""]}",,"Loreto Region, northeast lower Ucayali, lower Marañon, and Huallaga rivers area.",bib68,no 2028-speaker_number-1,2028,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Perhaps the most reasonable calculation for today’s total Kokama population would be between 20,000 -and 25,000, including people who no longer speak the language... only about 5% (an estimated 1,000 individuals) of the total population speaks the language; the majority have already shifted to Spanish.",bib7519,yes +and 25,000, including people who no longer speak the language... only about 5% (an estimated 1,000 individuals) of the total population speaks the language; the majority have already shifted to Spanish.",bib7544,yes 2028-speakers-1,2028,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000-25,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Perhaps the most reasonable calculation for today’s total Kokama population would be between 20,000 -and 25,000, including people who no longer speak the language... only about 5% (an estimated 1,000 individuals) of the total population speaks the language; the majority have already shifted to Spanish.",bib7519,yes +and 25,000, including people who no longer speak the language... only about 5% (an estimated 1,000 individuals) of the total population speaks the language; the majority have already shifted to Spanish.",bib7544,yes 2028-speaker_number-2,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 2,000 speakers in Peru (W. Adelaar 2000). Few are monolinguals. The ethnic population in Peru is 15,000 (W. Adelaar 2000). 250 in Peru (Crevels 2007). Few monolinguals. Ethnic population: 15,000 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -18458,459 +18563,459 @@ and 25,000, including people who no longer speak the language... only about 5% ( 250 in Peru (Crevels 2007). Few monolinguals. Ethnic population: 15,000 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 2028-speaker_number-3,2028,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 Peru; 620 Brazil; possibly a few semi-speakers Colombia.,bib70,no 2028-speakers-3,2028,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Peru, Colombia); 2006 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 Peru; 620 Brazil; possibly a few semi-speakers Colombia.,bib70,no -2028-speaker_number-4,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2028-speakers-4,2028,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2028-speaker_number-5,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7520,no -2028-speakers-5,2028,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7520,no -2028-speaker_number-6,2028,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,~250 speakers in Peru and Colombia. There may be more speakers in Brazil,bib1903,no -2028-speakers-6,2028,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,770 in Peru and Colombia"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~3""}",,~250 speakers in Peru and Colombia. There may be more speakers in Brazil,bib1903,no +2028-speaker_number-4,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2028-speakers-4,2028,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2028-speaker_number-5,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7545,no +2028-speakers-5,2028,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7545,no +2028-speaker_number-6,2028,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,~250 speakers in Peru and Colombia. There may be more speakers in Brazil,bib1915,no +2028-speakers-6,2028,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,770 in Peru and Colombia"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~3""}",,~250 speakers in Peru and Colombia. There may be more speakers in Brazil,bib1915,no 2028-speaker_number-7,2028,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"250 in Peru (Crevels 2007); ethnic population: 15,000 (Crevels 2007).",bib68,no 2028-speakers-7,2028,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"250 in Peru (Crevels 2007); ethnic population: 15,000 (Crevels 2007).",bib68,no 2028-speaker_number-8,2028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2028-speakers-8,2028,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2028-LEI-1,2028,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The remaining speakers are elderly people spread across small villages. Adults in their 40s and 50s show only passive knowledge: they are able to understand what is being said in the language, but are not able to produce -even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7519,yes +even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7544,yes 2028-transmission-1,2028,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The remaining speakers are elderly people spread across small villages. Adults in their 40s and 50s show only passive knowledge: they are able to understand what is being said in the language, but are not able to produce -even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7519,yes +even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7544,yes 2028-domains_of_use-1,2028,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The remaining speakers are elderly people spread across small villages. Adults in their 40s and 50s show only passive knowledge: they are able to understand what is being said in the language, but are not able to produce -even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7519,yes +even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7544,yes 2028-speaker_number_trends-1,2028,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The remaining speakers are elderly people spread across small villages. Adults in their 40s and 50s show only passive knowledge: they are able to understand what is being said in the language, but are not able to produce -even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7519,yes +even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7544,yes 2028-vitality-1,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The remaining speakers are elderly people spread across small villages. Adults in their 40s and 50s show only passive knowledge: they are able to understand what is being said in the language, but are not able to produce -even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7519,yes -2028-LEI-2,2028,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,no -2028-transmission-2,2028,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib8124,no -2028-vitality-2,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8124,no +even simple messages. [The] remaining speakers use the language to speak amongst themselves, but only in very restricted situations, such as traditional events and intimate meetings.",bib7544,yes +2028-LEI-2,2028,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,no +2028-transmission-2,2028,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib8149,no +2028-vitality-2,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8149,no 2028-LEI-3,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2028-vitality-3,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2028-LEI-4,2028,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2028-transmission-4,2028,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib70,no 2028-speaker_number_trends-4,2028,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2028-vitality-4,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2028-LEI-5,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2028-vitality-5,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2028-LEI-6,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7520,no -2028-vitality-6,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7520,no -2028-LEI-7,2028,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1903,no -2028-transmission-7,2028,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1903,no -2028-speaker_number_trends-7,2028,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1903,no -2028-vitality-7,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1903,no +2028-LEI-5,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2028-vitality-5,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2028-LEI-6,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7545,no +2028-vitality-6,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7545,no +2028-LEI-7,2028,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1915,no +2028-transmission-7,2028,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1915,no +2028-speaker_number_trends-7,2028,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1915,no +2028-vitality-7,2028,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Colombia, the language is moribund. In Peru, the youngest speakers are over 40 years old.",bib1915,no 2028-LEI-8,2028,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2028-vitality-8,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 2028-LEI-9,2028,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2028-vitality-9,2028,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2029-context-1,2029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3459,yes -2029-location-1,2029,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib3460,no -2029-location-2,2029,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken by highly mobile families in the East New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.4553, 151.7833]]}",,,bib3459,yes +2029-context-1,2029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3477,yes +2029-location-1,2029,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib3478,no +2029-location-2,2029,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken by highly mobile families in the East New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.4553, 151.7833]]}",,,bib3477,yes 2029-location-3,2029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.58333333333, 152.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2029-location-4,2029,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula.""}",,,bib67,no -2029-speaker_number-1,2029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3460,no -2029-speakers-1,2029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3460,no -2029-speaker_number-2,2029,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3459,yes -2029-speakers-2,2029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3459,yes +2029-speaker_number-1,2029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3478,no +2029-speakers-1,2029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3478,no +2029-speaker_number-2,2029,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3477,yes +2029-speakers-2,2029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3477,yes 2029-speaker_number-3,2029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,350 (1988 SIL)",bib67,no 2029-speakers-3,2029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,350 (1988 SIL)",bib67,no -2029-LEI-1,2029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3460,no -2029-vitality-1,2029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3460,no -2029-LEI-2,2029,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3459,yes -2029-transmission-2,2029,transmission,1,transmission-1,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3459,yes -2029-domains_of_use-2,2029,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3459,yes -2029-vitality-2,2029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3459,yes +2029-LEI-1,2029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3478,no +2029-vitality-1,2029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3478,no +2029-LEI-2,2029,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3477,yes +2029-transmission-2,2029,transmission,1,transmission-1,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3477,yes +2029-domains_of_use-2,2029,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3477,yes +2029-vitality-2,2029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Qaqet is still being acquired monolingually in remote areas.,bib3477,yes 2029-LEI-3,2029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2029-vitality-3,2029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2030-context-1,2030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"Nowadays, all Awiakay adults are bilingual in Tok Pisin and Awiakay. Multilingualism in other local languages is less common, but it occurs in the few families where one spouse is from the neighbouring Asangamut village. Among adult Awiakay, the use of Tok Pisin is confined mainly to situations where it functions as a language of authority. Code-switching between Tok Pisin and Awiakay occurs in public speeches, in quarrels an in other situations where a speaker (of any gender or age) wants to take an authoritative position in the communicative act. All children are fluent in Awiakay, but acquire Tok Pisin at a very early stage. They are addressed primarily in Awiakay, while Tok Pisin is used for scolding.",bib3570,yes -2030-location-1,2030,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kanjimei village on the the Konmei River, a tributary of the Karawari River, in East Sepik Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.7, 143.6]]}",,,bib3570,yes -2030-speaker_number-1,2030,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3570,yes -2030-speakers-1,2030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3570,yes -2030-LEI-1,2030,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3570,yes -2030-transmission-1,2030,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3570,yes -2030-domains_of_use-1,2030,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3570,yes -2030-vitality-1,2030,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3570,yes -2031-context-1,2031,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pohnpeian""}",,,bib3362,no -2031-context-2,2031,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pohnpeian, Mokilese, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some of the local churches have a negative attitude toward Pingelapese traditional religious customs.""}",,"Pingelapese children on Pingelap learn Pohnpeian by the age of 10 or earlier, and learn English in high school. Children on Mokil atoll learn Mokilese simultaneously with Pingelapese, as well as Pohnpeian and English shortly thereafter. Language shift is occurring in the vocabulary, phonology, and syntax. They accommodate speakers of other languages, instead of other people switching to Pingelapese. Pohnpeians assume Pingalapese is just a dialect of their language. Pingelapese children in the US often have only a passive/receptive knowledge of their language, and respond in English.",bib3363,yes +2030-context-1,2030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"Nowadays, all Awiakay adults are bilingual in Tok Pisin and Awiakay. Multilingualism in other local languages is less common, but it occurs in the few families where one spouse is from the neighbouring Asangamut village. Among adult Awiakay, the use of Tok Pisin is confined mainly to situations where it functions as a language of authority. Code-switching between Tok Pisin and Awiakay occurs in public speeches, in quarrels an in other situations where a speaker (of any gender or age) wants to take an authoritative position in the communicative act. All children are fluent in Awiakay, but acquire Tok Pisin at a very early stage. They are addressed primarily in Awiakay, while Tok Pisin is used for scolding.",bib3588,yes +2030-location-1,2030,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kanjimei village on the the Konmei River, a tributary of the Karawari River, in East Sepik Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.7, 143.6]]}",,,bib3588,yes +2030-speaker_number-1,2030,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3588,yes +2030-speakers-1,2030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3588,yes +2030-LEI-1,2030,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3588,yes +2030-transmission-1,2030,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3588,yes +2030-domains_of_use-1,2030,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3588,yes +2030-vitality-1,2030,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3588,yes +2031-context-1,2031,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pohnpeian""}",,,bib3380,no +2031-context-2,2031,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pohnpeian, Mokilese, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some of the local churches have a negative attitude toward Pingelapese traditional religious customs.""}",,"Pingelapese children on Pingelap learn Pohnpeian by the age of 10 or earlier, and learn English in high school. Children on Mokil atoll learn Mokilese simultaneously with Pingelapese, as well as Pohnpeian and English shortly thereafter. Language shift is occurring in the vocabulary, phonology, and syntax. They accommodate speakers of other languages, instead of other people switching to Pingelapese. Pohnpeians assume Pingalapese is just a dialect of their language. Pingelapese children in the US often have only a passive/receptive knowledge of their language, and respond in English.",bib3381,yes 2031-location-1,2031,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.21666666667, 160.7]]}",,,bib216,no 2031-location-2,2031,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Micronesia"", ""Guam""], ""Description"": ""Ponape""}",,,bib67,no -2031-location-3,2031,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.2279, 160.7107]]}",,,bib5307,no -2031-location-4,2031,location,"{""Places"": [""Federated States of Micronesia""]}",,,bib3362,no -2031-location-5,2031,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken primarily on Pingelap atoll and the high island of Pohnpei, two of the eastern Caroline Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia. Many Pingelapse people have moved to the United States and Guam.""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.13, 161.42]]}",,,bib3363,yes +2031-location-3,2031,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.2279, 160.7107]]}",,,bib5330,no +2031-location-4,2031,location,"{""Places"": [""Federated States of Micronesia""]}",,,bib3380,no +2031-location-5,2031,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken primarily on Pingelap atoll and the high island of Pohnpei, two of the eastern Caroline Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia. Many Pingelapse people have moved to the United States and Guam.""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.13, 161.42]]}",,,bib3381,yes 2031-speaker_number-1,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,500 in Micronesia. 500 on Pingelap, about 2,000 on Ponape.",bib67,no 2031-speakers-1,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,500 in Micronesia. 500 on Pingelap, about 2,000 on Ponape.",bib67,no -2031-speaker_number-2,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2031-speakers-2,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2031-speaker_number-2,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2031-speakers-2,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2031-speaker_number-3,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2031-speakers-3,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2031-speaker_number-4,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3362,no -2031-speakers-4,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3362,no -2031-speaker_number-5,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3363,yes -2031-speakers-5,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 200 speakers on Pingelap atoll; 1,200 speakers in Mwalok, Sokehs Municipality and Mand, Madolenihmw Municipality, on the high island of Pohnpei"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3363,yes +2031-speaker_number-4,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3380,no +2031-speakers-4,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3380,no +2031-speaker_number-5,2031,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3381,yes +2031-speakers-5,2031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 200 speakers on Pingelap atoll; 1,200 speakers in Mwalok, Sokehs Municipality and Mand, Madolenihmw Municipality, on the high island of Pohnpei"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3381,yes 2031-LEI-1,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2031-vitality-1,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2031-LEI-2,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2031-vitality-2,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2031-LEI-2,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2031-vitality-2,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2031-LEI-3,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2031-vitality-3,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2031-LEI-4,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3362,no -2031-vitality-4,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3362,no -2031-LEI-5,2031,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3363,yes -2031-transmission-5,2031,transmission,0,transmission-0,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3363,yes -2031-domains_of_use-5,2031,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3363,yes -2031-speaker_number_trends-5,2031,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3363,yes -2031-vitality-5,2031,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3363,yes -2032-context-1,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language, Malay, Balinese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib8187,yes -2032-context-2,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language""}",,,bib8186,no -2032-context-3,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Deaf Alliance; school program""}",,"Interestingly, in response to this imminent threat, the Deaf Alliance--a team of deaf and hearing villagers who advocate the interests of the deaf villagers and their relatives--have supported the establishment of Kata Kolok-based deaf education. This inclusive education programme takes the form of a deaf unit within one of the village's elementary schools and is currently attended by eight deaf children.",bib8189,no -2032-location-1,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Benkala Village, Northern Bali"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.113, 115.126]]}",,,bib7915,no -2032-location-2,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Bengkala, Bali island. Bengkala is located in the north of Bali in the region of Kubutambahan.""}",,"Bengkala is not marked on most maps, and even in the nearest city, Singaraja, few people know of the village.",bib8187,yes -2032-location-3,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Bali, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""one village in Bali with high hereditary deafness"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.113, 115.127]]}",,,bib8186,no -2032-speaker_number-1,2032,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"50 deaf people and more than 2,000 hearing people",bib7915,no -2032-speakers-1,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"50 deaf people and more than 2,000 hearing people",bib7915,no -2032-speaker_number-2,2032,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The vast majority of Kata Kolok signers are hearing, and only a small portion are considered ""native"" even though there is a substantial population of fluent and non-fluent signers. There are 47 Deaf signers and 78 hearing signers listed as fluent and native.",bib8187,yes -2032-speakers-2,2032,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,740"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,500-1,900""}",,"The vast majority of Kata Kolok signers are hearing, and only a small portion are considered ""native"" even though there is a substantial population of fluent and non-fluent signers. There are 47 Deaf signers and 78 hearing signers listed as fluent and native.",bib8187,yes -2032-speaker_number-3,2032,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8186,no -2032-speakers-3,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,200""}",,,bib8186,no -2032-speaker_number-4,2032,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In the year 2000, the village of Bengkala was home to 2,186 individuals, of whom 47 were deaf... as many as two-thirds of the hearing community members use Kata Kolok, albeit with varying degrees of proficiency (Marsaja 2008). A demographic survey completed in 2008 has indicated that the village population has increased to 2,740 (Astika 2008). Assuming that the proportion of hearing signers has remained constant, Kata Kolok could be currently used by up to 1,800 hearing signers.",bib8189,no -2032-speakers-4,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<1800""}",,"In the year 2000, the village of Bengkala was home to 2,186 individuals, of whom 47 were deaf... as many as two-thirds of the hearing community members use Kata Kolok, albeit with varying degrees of proficiency (Marsaja 2008). A demographic survey completed in 2008 has indicated that the village population has increased to 2,740 (Astika 2008). Assuming that the proportion of hearing signers has remained constant, Kata Kolok could be currently used by up to 1,800 hearing signers.",bib8189,no -2032-LEI-1,2032,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -2032-vitality-1,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no -2032-LEI-2,2032,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8187,yes -2032-transmission-2,2032,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8187,yes -2032-domains_of_use-2,2032,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8187,yes -2032-speaker_number_trends-2,2032,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8187,yes -2032-vitality-2,2032,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8187,yes -2032-LEI-3,2032,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8186,no -2032-vitality-3,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8186,no -2032-LEI-4,2032,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even though Kata Kolok is still used by hundreds of hearing signers, chances are that the communicative need for the sign language will rapidly disappear when the number of deaf individuals decreases significantly. Since 2005, no deaf children have been born to parents using Kata Kolok.",bib8189,no -2032-vitality-4,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Even though Kata Kolok is still used by hundreds of hearing signers, chances are that the communicative need for the sign language will rapidly disappear when the number of deaf individuals decreases significantly. Since 2005, no deaf children have been born to parents using Kata Kolok.",bib8189,no -2034-context-1,2034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali, Nyeshangte""}",,,bib3523,yes -2034-location-1,2034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.666667, 84.25]]}",,,bib3523,yes -2034-location-2,2034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.7315, 84.261]]}",,,bib5307,no +2031-LEI-4,2031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3380,no +2031-vitality-4,2031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3380,no +2031-LEI-5,2031,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3381,yes +2031-transmission-5,2031,transmission,0,transmission-0,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3381,yes +2031-domains_of_use-5,2031,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3381,yes +2031-speaker_number_trends-5,2031,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3381,yes +2031-vitality-5,2031,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Pohnpeian and English are used in public life and education.,bib3381,yes +2032-context-1,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language, Malay, Balinese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib8212,yes +2032-context-2,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language""}",,,bib8211,no +2032-context-3,2032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian Sign Language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Deaf Alliance; school program""}",,"Interestingly, in response to this imminent threat, the Deaf Alliance--a team of deaf and hearing villagers who advocate the interests of the deaf villagers and their relatives--have supported the establishment of Kata Kolok-based deaf education. This inclusive education programme takes the form of a deaf unit within one of the village's elementary schools and is currently attended by eight deaf children.",bib8214,no +2032-location-1,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Benkala Village, Northern Bali"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.113, 115.126]]}",,,bib7940,no +2032-location-2,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Bengkala, Bali island. Bengkala is located in the north of Bali in the region of Kubutambahan.""}",,"Bengkala is not marked on most maps, and even in the nearest city, Singaraja, few people know of the village.",bib8212,yes +2032-location-3,2032,location,"{""Places"": [""Bali, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""one village in Bali with high hereditary deafness"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.113, 115.127]]}",,,bib8211,no +2032-speaker_number-1,2032,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"50 deaf people and more than 2,000 hearing people",bib7940,no +2032-speakers-1,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"50 deaf people and more than 2,000 hearing people",bib7940,no +2032-speaker_number-2,2032,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The vast majority of Kata Kolok signers are hearing, and only a small portion are considered ""native"" even though there is a substantial population of fluent and non-fluent signers. There are 47 Deaf signers and 78 hearing signers listed as fluent and native.",bib8212,yes +2032-speakers-2,2032,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,740"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,500-1,900""}",,"The vast majority of Kata Kolok signers are hearing, and only a small portion are considered ""native"" even though there is a substantial population of fluent and non-fluent signers. There are 47 Deaf signers and 78 hearing signers listed as fluent and native.",bib8212,yes +2032-speaker_number-3,2032,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8211,no +2032-speakers-3,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,200""}",,,bib8211,no +2032-speaker_number-4,2032,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In the year 2000, the village of Bengkala was home to 2,186 individuals, of whom 47 were deaf... as many as two-thirds of the hearing community members use Kata Kolok, albeit with varying degrees of proficiency (Marsaja 2008). A demographic survey completed in 2008 has indicated that the village population has increased to 2,740 (Astika 2008). Assuming that the proportion of hearing signers has remained constant, Kata Kolok could be currently used by up to 1,800 hearing signers.",bib8214,no +2032-speakers-4,2032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~47"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<1800""}",,"In the year 2000, the village of Bengkala was home to 2,186 individuals, of whom 47 were deaf... as many as two-thirds of the hearing community members use Kata Kolok, albeit with varying degrees of proficiency (Marsaja 2008). A demographic survey completed in 2008 has indicated that the village population has increased to 2,740 (Astika 2008). Assuming that the proportion of hearing signers has remained constant, Kata Kolok could be currently used by up to 1,800 hearing signers.",bib8214,no +2032-LEI-1,2032,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +2032-vitality-1,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no +2032-LEI-2,2032,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8212,yes +2032-transmission-2,2032,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8212,yes +2032-domains_of_use-2,2032,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8212,yes +2032-speaker_number_trends-2,2032,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8212,yes +2032-vitality-2,2032,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Deaf villagers use signs to communicate with their hearing relatives, as well as many of their hearing friends and colleagues, and at least 57% of Bengkala’s hearing population can understand and use Kata Kolok with varying degrees of proficiency. All Deaf children in Bengkala receive linguistic input from birth, and thus language acquisition begins at birth. Intergenerational transmission is difficult to measure, the majority of signers are hearing, but on the other hand, Deaf children receive input from birth. However, intermarriage has decreased the number of Deaf children born to signers of Kata Kolok, and there have been no Deaf children born in the village since 2005.",bib8212,yes +2032-LEI-3,2032,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8211,no +2032-vitality-3,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8211,no +2032-LEI-4,2032,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even though Kata Kolok is still used by hundreds of hearing signers, chances are that the communicative need for the sign language will rapidly disappear when the number of deaf individuals decreases significantly. Since 2005, no deaf children have been born to parents using Kata Kolok.",bib8214,no +2032-vitality-4,2032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Even though Kata Kolok is still used by hundreds of hearing signers, chances are that the communicative need for the sign language will rapidly disappear when the number of deaf individuals decreases significantly. Since 2005, no deaf children have been born to parents using Kata Kolok.",bib8214,no +2034-context-1,2034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali, Nyeshangte""}",,,bib3541,yes +2034-location-1,2034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.666667, 84.25]]}",,,bib3541,yes +2034-location-2,2034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.7315, 84.261]]}",,,bib5330,no 2034-location-3,2034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.6666666667, 84.25]]}",,,bib216,no 2034-location-4,2034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -2034-speaker_number-1,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3523,yes -2034-speakers-1,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3523,yes -2034-speaker_number-2,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2034-speakers-2,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2034-speaker_number-1,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3541,yes +2034-speakers-1,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3541,yes +2034-speaker_number-2,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2034-speakers-2,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2034-speaker_number-3,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2034-speakers-3,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2034-speaker_number-4,2034,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,800 (2002 M. Noonan),bib67,no 2034-speakers-4,2034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,800 (2002 M. Noonan),bib67,no -2034-LEI-1,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3523,yes -2034-vitality-1,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3523,yes -2034-LEI-2,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2034-vitality-2,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2034-LEI-1,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3541,yes +2034-vitality-1,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3541,yes +2034-LEI-2,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2034-vitality-2,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2034-LEI-3,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2034-vitality-3,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2034-LEI-4,2034,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2034-vitality-4,2034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2046-context-1,2046,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2046-context-2,2046,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib7937,yes -2046-location-1,2046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6449, 142.8002]]}",,,bib5307,no +2046-context-2,2046,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib7962,yes +2046-location-1,2046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.6449, 142.8002]]}",,,bib5330,no 2046-location-2,2046,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Maprik district, Torricelli mountains, south of Wom. 13 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -2046-location-3,2046,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Aluwingei, Bonahoi, Bombita, Indibi, M'Bras, Salata, Sarom, Saunes, Tauanangas, Timingir, Urita, Wa'ahun, and Waragom.""}",,,bib4545,no -2046-location-4,2046,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province in the Maprik District, in the Torricelli mountains. Thirteen villages.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2046-speaker_number-1,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2046-speakers-1,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2046-location-3,2046,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""13 villages: Aluwingei, Bonahoi, Bombita, Indibi, M'Bras, Salata, Sarom, Saunes, Tauanangas, Timingir, Urita, Wa'ahun, and Waragom.""}",,,bib4566,no +2046-location-4,2046,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province in the Maprik District, in the Torricelli mountains. Thirteen villages.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2046-speaker_number-1,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2046-speakers-1,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2046-speaker_number-2,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 2046-speakers-2,2046,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,680"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2046-speaker_number-3,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -2046-speakers-3,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -2046-speaker_number-4,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7937,yes -2046-speakers-4,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7937,yes +2046-speaker_number-3,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +2046-speakers-3,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +2046-speaker_number-4,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7962,yes +2046-speakers-4,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,353"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7962,yes 2046-speaker_number-5,2046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2046-speakers-5,2046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2046-LEI-1,2046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2046-vitality-1,2046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2046-LEI-1,2046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2046-vitality-1,2046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2046-LEI-2,2046,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people mainly use Tok Pisin [tpi] (Wurm 2007). Mostly middle-aged and older; youth in 2 villages (Wurm 2007).,bib69,no 2046-transmission-2,2046,transmission,3,transmission-3,Young people mainly use Tok Pisin [tpi] (Wurm 2007). Mostly middle-aged and older; youth in 2 villages (Wurm 2007).,bib69,no 2046-vitality-2,2046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Young people mainly use Tok Pisin [tpi] (Wurm 2007). Mostly middle-aged and older; youth in 2 villages (Wurm 2007).,bib69,no -2046-LEI-3,2046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2046-vitality-3,2046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2046-LEI-4,2046,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7937,yes -2046-transmission-4,2046,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7937,yes -2046-vitality-4,2046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7937,yes +2046-LEI-3,2046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2046-vitality-3,2046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2046-LEI-4,2046,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7962,yes +2046-transmission-4,2046,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7962,yes +2046-vitality-4,2046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Middle-aged and older speakers use the language, but except for two villages, younger people mainly use Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea.",bib7962,yes 2046-LEI-5,2046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2046-vitality-5,2046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2047-context-1,2047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Siroi, Tok Pisin""}",,"It is under pressure from larger languages of the area such as Siroi, and the children prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2047-location-1,2047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5093, 145.8929]]}",,,bib5307,yes -2047-location-2,2047,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, on the lower Kambara River and the coast west of Rimbo.""}",,,bib7937,no +2047-context-1,2047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Siroi, Tok Pisin""}",,"It is under pressure from larger languages of the area such as Siroi, and the children prefer Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2047-location-1,2047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5093, 145.8929]]}",,,bib5330,yes +2047-location-2,2047,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, on the lower Kambara River and the coast west of Rimbo.""}",,,bib7962,no 2047-location-3,2047,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2047-speaker_number-1,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -2047-speakers-1,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""73"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -2047-speaker_number-2,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2047-speakers-2,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no +2047-speaker_number-1,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +2047-speakers-1,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""73"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +2047-speaker_number-2,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2047-speakers-2,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no 2047-speaker_number-3,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2047-speakers-3,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2047-speaker_number-4,2047,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2047-speakers-4,2047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2047-LEI-1,2047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -2047-vitality-1,2047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -2047-LEI-2,2047,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2047-transmission-2,2047,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7937,no -2047-speaker_number_trends-2,2047,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7937,no -2047-vitality-2,2047,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no +2047-LEI-1,2047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +2047-vitality-1,2047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +2047-LEI-2,2047,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2047-transmission-2,2047,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7962,no +2047-speaker_number_trends-2,2047,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7962,no +2047-vitality-2,2047,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no 2047-LEI-3,2047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2047-vitality-3,2047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2047-LEI-4,2047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2047-vitality-4,2047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2049-context-1,2049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Angaua, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2049-location-1,2049,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1292, 144.7421]]}",,,bib5307,no -2049-location-2,2049,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the right side of the Ramu River, northwest of Aiome and upstream from Annaberg.""}",,,bib7937,no +2049-context-1,2049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Angaua, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2049-location-1,2049,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1292, 144.7421]]}",,,bib5330,no +2049-location-2,2049,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the right side of the Ramu River, northwest of Aiome and upstream from Annaberg.""}",,,bib7962,no 2049-location-3,2049,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2049-speaker_number-1,2049,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speakers are older people. No children learn the language.,bib1976,yes -2049-speakers-1,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speakers are older people. No children learn the language.,bib1976,yes -2049-speaker_number-2,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2049-speakers-2,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2049-speaker_number-3,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2049-speakers-3,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no +2049-speaker_number-1,2049,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speakers are older people. No children learn the language.,bib1988,yes +2049-speakers-1,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speakers are older people. No children learn the language.,bib1988,yes +2049-speaker_number-2,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2049-speakers-2,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2049-speaker_number-3,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2049-speakers-3,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no 2049-speaker_number-4,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2049-speakers-4,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2049-speaker_number-5,2049,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2049-speakers-5,2049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2049-LEI-1,2049,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2049-transmission-1,2049,transmission,5,transmission-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2049-speaker_number_trends-1,2049,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2049-vitality-1,2049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2049-LEI-2,2049,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2049-vitality-2,2049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2049-LEI-3,2049,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2049-speaker_number_trends-3,2049,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2049-vitality-3,2049,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2049-LEI-1,2049,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2049-transmission-1,2049,transmission,5,transmission-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2049-speaker_number_trends-1,2049,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2049-vitality-1,2049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2049-LEI-2,2049,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2049-vitality-2,2049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2049-LEI-3,2049,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2049-speaker_number_trends-3,2049,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2049-vitality-3,2049,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In 1981, sixty-five speakers were reported. Today it is still close to that figure, but it is under pressure from large related languages such as Angaua, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2049-LEI-4,2049,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2049-vitality-4,2049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2049-LEI-5,2049,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2049-vitality-5,2049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2050-context-1,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes -2050-context-2,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The language is taught at Skidegate in a community-based immersion program, and has been offered for university credit in partnership with the University of Northern British Columbia.",bib2984,no -2050-context-3,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3742,no -2050-context-4,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -2050-context-5,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -2050-context-6,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +2050-context-2,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The language is taught at Skidegate in a community-based immersion program, and has been offered for university credit in partnership with the University of Northern British Columbia.",bib2998,no +2050-context-3,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3761,no +2050-context-4,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +2050-context-5,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +2050-context-6,2050,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 2050-location-1,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[53.48, -132.33]]}",,,bib73,yes -2050-location-2,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Queen Charlotte Islands and Alaska. Spoken in two Haida villages on the Queen Charlottes, each with a distinct dialect: Masset and Skidegate. Additional Haida people live in Alaska (representing an 18th century migration from Masset), in the villages of Hydaburg, Kasaan, and Craig on the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, as well as in the city of Ketchikan.""}",,,bib2984,no -2050-location-3,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Haida Gwaii, British Columbia""}",,,bib3742,no -2050-location-4,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.2697, -131.9861], [54.0397, -132.1776]]}",,,bib5307,no +2050-location-2,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Queen Charlotte Islands and Alaska. Spoken in two Haida villages on the Queen Charlottes, each with a distinct dialect: Masset and Skidegate. Additional Haida people live in Alaska (representing an 18th century migration from Masset), in the villages of Hydaburg, Kasaan, and Craig on the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, as well as in the city of Ketchikan.""}",,,bib2998,no +2050-location-3,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Haida Gwaii, British Columbia""}",,,bib3761,no +2050-location-4,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.2697, -131.9861], [54.0397, -132.1776]]}",,,bib5330,no 2050-location-5,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Only speakers in British Columbia are represented here. Spoken on Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands): Massett -Skidegate",bib2541,no -2050-location-6,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5217,no +Skidegate",bib2554,no +2050-location-6,2050,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5240,no 2050-speaker_number-1,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/xaad_kil,bib73,yes 2050-speakers-1,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,066"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""515""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/xaad_kil,bib73,yes -2050-speaker_number-2,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -2050-speakers-2,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no -2050-speaker_number-3,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3742,no -2050-speakers-3,2050,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3742,no -2050-speaker_number-4,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia,bib1282,no -2050-speakers-4,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3442"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""21""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia,bib1282,no -2050-speaker_number-5,2050,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2541,no -2050-speakers-5,2050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""13""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2541,no -2050-speaker_number-6,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.",bib5217,no -2050-speakers-6,2050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.",bib5217,no -2050-speaker_number-7,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -2050-speakers-7,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,799"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""96"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""421""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +2050-speaker_number-2,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +2050-speakers-2,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no +2050-speaker_number-3,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3761,no +2050-speakers-3,2050,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3761,no +2050-speaker_number-4,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +2050-speakers-4,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3442"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""21""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +2050-speaker_number-5,2050,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +2050-speakers-5,2050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""13""}",,Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +2050-speaker_number-6,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.",bib5240,no +2050-speakers-6,2050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.",bib5240,no +2050-speaker_number-7,2050,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +2050-speakers-7,2050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,799"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""96"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""421""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 2050-LEI-1,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 2050-transmission-1,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 2050-speaker_number_trends-1,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 2050-vitality-1,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -2050-LEI-2,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2984,no -2050-transmission-2,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2984,no -2050-domains_of_use-2,2050,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2984,no -2050-speaker_number_trends-2,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2984,no -2050-vitality-2,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2984,no -2050-LEI-3,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3742,no -2050-transmission-3,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3742,no -2050-speaker_number_trends-3,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3742,no -2050-vitality-3,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3742,no -2050-LEI-4,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1282,no -2050-transmission-4,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1282,no -2050-speaker_number_trends-4,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1282,no -2050-vitality-4,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1282,no -2050-LEI-5,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2541,no -2050-transmission-5,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2541,no -2050-speaker_number_trends-5,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2541,no -2050-vitality-5,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2541,no -2050-LEI-6,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2050-transmission-6,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2050-speaker_number_trends-6,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2050-vitality-6,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +2050-LEI-2,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2998,no +2050-transmission-2,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2998,no +2050-domains_of_use-2,2050,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2998,no +2050-speaker_number_trends-2,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2998,no +2050-vitality-2,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.,bib2998,no +2050-LEI-3,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3761,no +2050-transmission-3,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3761,no +2050-speaker_number_trends-3,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3761,no +2050-vitality-3,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3761,no +2050-LEI-4,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1291,no +2050-transmission-4,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1291,no +2050-speaker_number_trends-4,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1291,no +2050-vitality-4,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners",bib1291,no +2050-LEI-5,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2554,no +2050-transmission-5,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2554,no +2050-speaker_number_trends-5,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2554,no +2050-vitality-5,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.",bib2554,no +2050-LEI-6,2050,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2050-transmission-6,2050,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2050-speaker_number_trends-6,2050,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2050-vitality-6,2050,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 2051-context-1,2051,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Paunaka are now culturally part of the Chiquitano, but they still consider themselves as a separate group within the Chiquitano complex, and the language is completely unrelated to Chiquitano.""}",,,bib68,no 2051-context-2,2051,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; B\u00e9s\u0268ro (aka Chiquitano)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""10""}",,"All speakers are trilingual with Spanish and Bésɨro (or Chiquitano), which are the dominant languages of the region.",bib316,yes 2051-location-1,2051,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Chiquitan\u00eda region, \u00d1uflo de Suarez Department, Concepci\u00f3n de Chiquitos, Santa Rita de Chiquitos (near Concepci\u00f3n).""}",,,bib68,no 2051-location-2,2051,location,"{""Description"": ""The communities surrounding Concepci\u00f3n de Chiquitos and in the TCO Lomer\u00edo.""}",,,bib316,yes -2051-location-4,2051,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivian Chaco""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.770833, -61.454167]]}",,,bib1980,no +2051-location-4,2051,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivian Chaco""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.770833, -61.454167]]}",,,bib1992,no 2051-speakers-1,2051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers.""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,no 2051-speaker_number-2,2051,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Until recently Paunaka and its possibly close relative Paikoneka were classified extinct by linguists, however, [there are] approximately ten speakers and semi-speakers.",bib316,yes 2051-speakers-2,2051,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Until recently Paunaka and its possibly close relative Paikoneka were classified extinct by linguists, however, [there are] approximately ten speakers and semi-speakers.",bib316,yes -2051-speaker_number-3,2051,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are currently ten speakers and semi-speakers.,bib7257,no -2051-speakers-3,2051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are currently ten speakers and semi-speakers.,bib7257,no -2051-speaker_number-4,2051,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2051-speakers-4,2051,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -2051-speaker_number-5,2051,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1980,no -2051-speakers-5,2051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1980,no +2051-speaker_number-3,2051,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are currently ten speakers and semi-speakers.,bib7281,no +2051-speakers-3,2051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are currently ten speakers and semi-speakers.,bib7281,no +2051-speaker_number-4,2051,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2051-speakers-4,2051,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +2051-speaker_number-5,2051,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1992,no +2051-speakers-5,2051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1992,no 2051-LEI-1,2051,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 2051-vitality-1,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no 2051-LEI-2,2051,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No grammar of Paunaka has been published until now, and ethnographic data is scarce.",bib316,yes 2051-vitality-2,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"No grammar of Paunaka has been published until now, and ethnographic data is scarce.",bib316,yes -2051-LEI-3,2051,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7257,no -2051-vitality-3,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7257,no -2051-LEI-4,2051,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2051-vitality-4,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2051-LEI-5,2051,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1980,no -2051-vitality-5,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1980,no +2051-LEI-3,2051,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7281,no +2051-vitality-3,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7281,no +2051-LEI-4,2051,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2051-vitality-4,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2051-LEI-5,2051,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1992,no +2051-vitality-5,2051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1992,no 2052-context-1,2052,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -2052-context-2,2052,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6479,no +2052-context-2,2052,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6503,no 2052-context-3,2052,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,yes 2052-location-1,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.8333333333, -101.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2052-location-2,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""USA: North Dakota, South Dakota, North Nebraska, south Minnesota, northeast Montana.\n\nSouth Dakota, Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, Sisseton, and Southern Standing Rock reservations; northeast corner, Montana; substantial off-reservation communities particularly in Rapid City, Minneapolis, and other urban centers in the upper Midwest.""}",,,bib67,no -2052-location-3,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Minnesota, Nebraska""]}",,,bib6479,no +2052-location-3,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Minnesota, Nebraska""]}",,,bib6503,no 2052-location-4,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""]}",,"US: Nebraska: northwest corner; North Dakota: Bismark, Standing Rock reservation; South Dakota: Cheyenne River, Lower Brule reservation, Pine Ridge, Rapid City, Rosebud; Urban centers including Denver, Minneapolis, Chicago, Los Angeles, Seattle. Canada: Saskatchewan province: Wood Mountain Reserve.",bib70,yes -2052-location-5,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, South Dakota"", ""Canada, Saskatchewan""], ""Description"": ""Teton (Lakota) is the dialect of the Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Sisseton Reservations of South Dakota, as well as of the southern part of the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota and of the Wood Mountain Reserve in Saskatchewan.""}",,,bib5217,no +2052-location-5,2052,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, South Dakota"", ""Canada, Saskatchewan""], ""Description"": ""Teton (Lakota) is the dialect of the Cheyenne River, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Sisseton Reservations of South Dakota, as well as of the southern part of the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota and of the Wood Mountain Reserve in Saskatchewan.""}",,,bib5240,no 2052-speaker_number-1,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,200 in United States (R. Pustet 1997). Ethnic population: 20,000 (1987 SIL and R. Pustet 1997). 103,255 ethnic Sioux in USA (1990 Census Bureau).",bib67,no 2052-speakers-1,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,200 in United States (R. Pustet 1997). Ethnic population: 20,000 (1987 SIL and R. Pustet 1997). 103,255 ethnic Sioux in USA (1990 Census Bureau).",bib67,no -2052-speaker_number-2,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6479,no -2052-speakers-2,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6479,no +2052-speaker_number-2,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6503,no +2052-speakers-2,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6503,no 2052-speaker_number-3,2052,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"2,000 in United States (1997 W. Meya), increasing. 2,300 L1 speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 175,000. L2 users: 100 in United States (2016 W. Meya). Ethnic population: 170,000 (2016 W. Meya). Canada: 100 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Ethnic population: 5,000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux.",bib70,yes 2052-speakers-3,2052,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""180,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 (US), 2016 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""100""}",,"2,000 in United States (1997 W. Meya), increasing. 2,300 L1 speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 175,000. L2 users: 100 in United States (2016 W. Meya). Ethnic population: 170,000 (2016 W. Meya). Canada: 100 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Ethnic population: 5,000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux.",bib70,yes -2052-speaker_number-4,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Lakota is dangerously close to extinction. Recent linguistic surveys and anecdotal evidence reveal that there are only 2,000 first-language Lakota speakers remaining, on and around the reservations of North Dakota and South Dakota. This number represents less than 2% of the total Lakota population.",bib1796,no -2052-speakers-4,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Lakota is dangerously close to extinction. Recent linguistic surveys and anecdotal evidence reveal that there are only 2,000 first-language Lakota speakers remaining, on and around the reservations of North Dakota and South Dakota. This number represents less than 2% of the total Lakota population.",bib1796,no +2052-speaker_number-4,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Lakota is dangerously close to extinction. Recent linguistic surveys and anecdotal evidence reveal that there are only 2,000 first-language Lakota speakers remaining, on and around the reservations of North Dakota and South Dakota. This number represents less than 2% of the total Lakota population.",bib1808,no +2052-speakers-4,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Lakota is dangerously close to extinction. Recent linguistic surveys and anecdotal evidence reveal that there are only 2,000 first-language Lakota speakers remaining, on and around the reservations of North Dakota and South Dakota. This number represents less than 2% of the total Lakota population.",bib1808,no 2052-speaker_number-6,2052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2052-speakers-6,2052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2052-LEI-1,2052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2052-vitality-1,2052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2052-LEI-2,2052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6479,no -2052-vitality-2,2052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6479,no +2052-LEI-2,2052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6503,no +2052-vitality-2,2052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6503,no 2052-LEI-3,2052,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults and elderly (L1); Adolescents and young adults (L2).,bib70,yes 2052-transmission-3,2052,transmission,3,transmission-3,Older adults and elderly (L1); Adolescents and young adults (L2).,bib70,yes 2052-speaker_number_trends-3,2052,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Older adults and elderly (L1); Adolescents and young adults (L2).,bib70,yes 2052-vitality-3,2052,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Older adults and elderly (L1); Adolescents and young adults (L2).,bib70,yes 2052-LEI-4,2052,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today, the average Lakota speaker is 65 years old. -Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1796,no +Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1808,no 2052-transmission-4,2052,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Today, the average Lakota speaker is 65 years old. -Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1796,no +Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1808,no 2052-speaker_number_trends-4,2052,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Today, the average Lakota speaker is 65 years old. -Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1796,no +Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1808,no 2052-vitality-4,2052,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Today, the average Lakota speaker is 65 years old. -Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1796,no +Less than 2% of the total Lakota population speak the language.",bib1808,no 2052-LEI-5,2052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2052-vitality-5,2052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2053-context-1,2053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish Sign Language""}",,,bib8049,no -2053-context-2,2053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish Sign Language""}",,,bib2148,yes -2053-location-1,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Mardin, southeastern Turkey"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.321, 40.724]]}",,,bib7915,no -2053-location-2,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Mardin, Turkey"", ""Istanbul, Izmir""], ""Description"": ""mainly in Mardin, southeastern Turkey"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.321, 40.724]]}",,,bib8049,no -2053-location-3,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""MarSL originated in Mardin, a town in south-eastern Turkey close to the Syrian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.322566, 40.725635]]}",,,bib2148,yes -2053-speaker_number-1,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2008),bib7915,no -2053-speakers-1,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2008),bib7915,no -2053-speaker_number-2,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8049,no -2053-speakers-2,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib8049,no -2053-speaker_number-3,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"MarSL is currently used by an estimated 40 people, including both deaf and hearing members of the Dilsiz family.",bib2148,yes -2053-speakers-3,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"MarSL is currently used by an estimated 40 people, including both deaf and hearing members of the Dilsiz family.",bib2148,yes -2053-speaker_number-4,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2147,no -2053-speakers-4,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2147,no -2053-LEI-1,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -2053-vitality-1,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no -2053-LEI-2,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8049,no -2053-vitality-2,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8049,no -2053-LEI-3,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2148,yes -2053-transmission-3,2053,transmission,4,transmission-4,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2148,yes -2053-domains_of_use-3,2053,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2148,yes -2053-vitality-3,2053,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2148,yes -2053-LEI-4,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2147,no -2053-vitality-4,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2147,no -2054-location-1,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Mato Grosso, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""small village in the Juruena Valley, in the northwest of Mato Grosso""}",,,bib8171,no -2054-location-2,2054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5223, -59.7656]]}",,,bib5307,no -2054-location-3,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, northwestern Mato Grosso State, Terra Ind\u00edgena. Enaw\u00ea-naw\u00ea one big village near the Ique River, a tributary of the Juruena River""}",,,bib1903,no +2053-context-1,2053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish Sign Language""}",,,bib8074,no +2053-context-2,2053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish Sign Language""}",,,bib2161,yes +2053-location-1,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Mardin, southeastern Turkey"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.321, 40.724]]}",,,bib7940,no +2053-location-2,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Mardin, Turkey"", ""Istanbul, Izmir""], ""Description"": ""mainly in Mardin, southeastern Turkey"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.321, 40.724]]}",,,bib8074,no +2053-location-3,2053,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""MarSL originated in Mardin, a town in south-eastern Turkey close to the Syrian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.322566, 40.725635]]}",,,bib2161,yes +2053-speaker_number-1,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2008),bib7940,no +2053-speakers-1,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2008),bib7940,no +2053-speaker_number-2,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8074,no +2053-speakers-2,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib8074,no +2053-speaker_number-3,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"MarSL is currently used by an estimated 40 people, including both deaf and hearing members of the Dilsiz family.",bib2161,yes +2053-speakers-3,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"MarSL is currently used by an estimated 40 people, including both deaf and hearing members of the Dilsiz family.",bib2161,yes +2053-speaker_number-4,2053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2160,no +2053-speakers-4,2053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2160,no +2053-LEI-1,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +2053-vitality-1,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no +2053-LEI-2,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8074,no +2053-vitality-2,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8074,no +2053-LEI-3,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2161,yes +2053-transmission-3,2053,transmission,4,transmission-4,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2161,yes +2053-domains_of_use-3,2053,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2161,yes +2053-vitality-3,2053,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,[Mardin SL] is mainly used at home and at family gatherings such as weddings. The language is highly endangered and not acquired by children any more... Most of the fluent MarSL users are in their 50s and 60s.,bib2161,yes +2053-LEI-4,2053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2160,no +2053-vitality-4,2053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2160,no +2054-location-1,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Mato Grosso, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""small village in the Juruena Valley, in the northwest of Mato Grosso""}",,,bib8196,no +2054-location-2,2054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5223, -59.7656]]}",,,bib5330,no +2054-location-3,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, northwestern Mato Grosso State, Terra Ind\u00edgena. Enaw\u00ea-naw\u00ea one big village near the Ique River, a tributary of the Juruena River""}",,,bib1915,no 2054-location-4,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Central Brazil,bib68,no -2054-location-5,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Nw Matto Grosso, Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2054-speaker_number-1,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8171,no -2054-speakers-1,2054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8171,no -2054-speaker_number-2,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2054-speakers-2,2054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2054-speaker_number-3,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2054-speakers-3,2054,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2054-location-5,2054,location,"{""Places"": [""Nw Matto Grosso, Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2054-speaker_number-1,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8196,no +2054-speakers-1,2054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8196,no +2054-speaker_number-2,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2054-speakers-2,2054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2054-speaker_number-3,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2054-speakers-3,2054,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2054-speaker_number-4,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,320 (Moore 2006). Most are still monolingual (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 540 (2009 FUNASA).,bib68,no 2054-speakers-4,2054,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""540"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 speakers, 2009 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,320 (Moore 2006). Most are still monolingual (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 540 (2009 FUNASA).,bib68,no 2054-speaker_number-5,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2054-speakers-5,2054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""165"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2054-speaker_number-6,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2054-speakers-6,2054,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""445"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -2054-LEI-1,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8171,no -2054-vitality-1,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8171,no -2054-LEI-2,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2054-vitality-2,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2054-LEI-3,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most are monolingual.,bib1903,no -2054-vitality-3,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most are monolingual.,bib1903,no +2054-speaker_number-6,2054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2054-speakers-6,2054,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""445"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""445"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +2054-LEI-1,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8196,no +2054-vitality-1,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8196,no +2054-LEI-2,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2054-vitality-2,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2054-LEI-3,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most are monolingual.,bib1915,no +2054-vitality-3,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most are monolingual.,bib1915,no 2054-LEI-4,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2054-vitality-4,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 2054-LEI-5,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2054-vitality-5,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2054-LEI-6,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2054-vitality-6,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2055-context-1,2055,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib3370,yes -2055-location-1,2055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.293, -87.1416]]}",,,bib5307,no -2055-location-2,2055,location,"{""Places"": [""central Honduras""]}",,,bib3370,yes +2054-LEI-6,2054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2054-vitality-6,2054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2055-context-1,2055,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib3388,yes +2055-location-1,2055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.293, -87.1416]]}",,,bib5330,no +2055-location-2,2055,location,"{""Places"": [""central Honduras""]}",,,bib3388,yes 2055-location-3,2055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.6666666667, -87.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2055-location-4,2055,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Monta\u00f1a de la Flor, northern Francisco Moraz\u00e1n Department, north central Honduras, some in Yoro.""}",,,bib67,no -2055-speaker_number-1,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2055-speakers-1,2055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2055-speaker_number-2,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3370,yes -2055-speakers-2,2055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3370,yes +2055-speaker_number-1,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2055-speakers-1,2055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2055-speaker_number-2,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3388,yes +2055-speakers-2,2055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3388,yes 2055-speaker_number-3,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2055-speakers-3,2055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2055-speaker_number-4,2055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2055-speakers-4,2055,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""593"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 speakers, 1990 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2055-LEI-1,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2055-vitality-1,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2055-LEI-2,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3370,yes -2055-vitality-2,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3370,yes +2055-LEI-1,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2055-vitality-1,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2055-LEI-2,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3388,yes +2055-vitality-2,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3388,yes 2055-LEI-3,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2055-vitality-3,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2055-LEI-4,2055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2055-vitality-4,2055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2056-context-1,2056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib3534,yes -2056-location-1,2056,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North east coast of Guadalcanal, around Kaoka Bay. Spoken in the village of Komungelea to the north and Matango to the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.684, 160.656]]}",,,bib3534,yes -2056-location-2,2056,location,"{""Places"": [""Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib3536,no +2056-context-1,2056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib3552,yes +2056-location-1,2056,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North east coast of Guadalcanal, around Kaoka Bay. Spoken in the village of Komungelea to the north and Matango to the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.684, 160.656]]}",,,bib3552,yes +2056-location-2,2056,location,"{""Places"": [""Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib3554,no 2056-location-3,2056,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.75, 160.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2056-speaker_number-1,2056,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Other estimates put the number of speakers at 750. Hill estimates double that number.,bib3534,yes -2056-speakers-1,2056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Other estimates put the number of speakers at 750. Hill estimates double that number.,bib3534,yes -2056-speaker_number-2,2056,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3536,no -2056-speakers-2,2056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3536,no +2056-speaker_number-1,2056,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Other estimates put the number of speakers at 750. Hill estimates double that number.,bib3552,yes +2056-speakers-1,2056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Other estimates put the number of speakers at 750. Hill estimates double that number.,bib3552,yes +2056-speaker_number-2,2056,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3554,no +2056-speakers-2,2056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3554,no 2056-speaker_number-3,2056,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 2056-speakers-3,2056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no -2056-LEI-1,2056,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3534,yes -2056-domains_of_use-1,2056,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3534,yes -2056-vitality-1,2056,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3534,yes -2056-LEI-2,2056,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3536,no -2056-vitality-2,2056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3536,no +2056-LEI-1,2056,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3552,yes +2056-domains_of_use-1,2056,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3552,yes +2056-vitality-1,2056,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Longgu is surrounded by Guadalcanal-Nggelic languages. There is pressure for Longgu Speakers to also understand surrounding languages.,bib3552,yes +2056-LEI-2,2056,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3554,no +2056-vitality-2,2056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3554,no 2056-LEI-3,2056,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2056-vitality-3,2056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2057-context-1,2057,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1847,yes +2057-context-1,2057,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1859,yes 2057-location-1,2057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8333333333, -97.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2057-location-2,2057,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -2057-location-3,2057,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Maria Ixcatlan, Oaxaca, Mexico""]}",,,bib1847,yes -2057-location-4,2057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8493, -97.181]]}",,,bib5307,no +2057-location-3,2057,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Maria Ixcatlan, Oaxaca, Mexico""]}",,,bib1859,yes +2057-location-4,2057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8493, -97.181]]}",,,bib5330,no 2057-location-5,2057,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Santa Mar\u00eda Ixcatlan, in the northern part of the state of Oaxaca.""}",,,bib103,no 2057-speaker_number-1,2057,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Suárez (1983).,bib67,no 2057-speakers-1,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Suárez (1983).,bib67,no -2057-speaker_number-2,2057,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1847,yes -2057-speakers-2,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1847,yes -2057-speaker_number-3,2057,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2057-speakers-3,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2057-speaker_number-2,2057,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1859,yes +2057-speakers-2,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1859,yes +2057-speaker_number-3,2057,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2057-speakers-3,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2057-speaker_number-4,2057,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Ixcatec, also known as Xwja, is a language spoken in Santa María Ixcatlan, in the northern part of the state of Oaxaca ... according to the Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, there were only 8 speakers of the language in 2008.",bib103,no 2057-speakers-4,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Ixcatec, also known as Xwja, is a language spoken in Santa María Ixcatlan, in the northern part of the state of Oaxaca ... according to the Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, there were only 8 speakers of the language in 2008.",bib103,no 2057-speaker_number-5,2057,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2057-speakers-5,2057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""119"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2057-LEI-1,2057,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2057-vitality-1,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2057-LEI-2,2057,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1847,yes -2057-vitality-2,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1847,yes -2057-LEI-3,2057,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2057-vitality-3,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2057-LEI-2,2057,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1859,yes +2057-vitality-2,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1859,yes +2057-LEI-3,2057,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2057-vitality-3,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2057-LEI-4,2057,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib103,no 2057-vitality-4,2057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib103,no 2057-LEI-5,2057,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -18922,41 +19027,41 @@ and Swedish translations; in addition, grammatical information and English and Norwegian translations are provided for a number of entries. Upon completion, this wordlist should be useful as a Pite Saami pedagogical resource and as a reference for creating an orthography standard for both the creation of future educational materials -and for everyday use"" (pg. 305).",bib7818,yes -2060-context-3,2060,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""30""}",,"Swedish dominates everyday life for most speakers today, particularly for those who do not work in reindeer husbandry, and for those not living in the traditional Pite Saami area.",bib7816,no -2060-location-1,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in most parts of Arjeplog County in Norrbotten Province (Pite Lappmark) in Sweden.""}",,,bib6474,no +and for everyday use"" (pg. 305).",bib7843,yes +2060-context-3,2060,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""30""}",,"Swedish dominates everyday life for most speakers today, particularly for those who do not work in reindeer husbandry, and for those not living in the traditional Pite Saami area.",bib7841,no +2060-location-1,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in most parts of Arjeplog County in Norrbotten Province (Pite Lappmark) in Sweden.""}",,,bib6498,no 2060-location-2,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden"", ""Norway""]}",,,bib67,no -2060-location-3,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""Arjeplog municipality""}",,,bib7819,no -2060-location-4,2060,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.0447, 17.8857]]}",,,bib5307,no -2060-location-5,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""\""[Pite Saami is] spoken in and around Arjeplog municipality in Northern Sweden. Pite Saami has not been spoken across the border\nin Norway for several generations, although some Pite Saami speakers settled there in the past.\"" (pg. 295)""}",,,bib7818,yes -2060-location-6,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden. Norway""], ""Description"": ""Arjeplog municipality in Swedish Lapland and bordering areas in Norway""}",,,bib7816,no -2060-speaker_number-1,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,no -2060-speakers-1,2060,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<20""}",,,bib6474,no -2060-speaker_number-3,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6142,no -2060-speakers-3,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20 in Sweden"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6142,no -2060-speaker_number-4,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7819,no -2060-speakers-4,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7819,no -2060-speaker_number-5,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2060-speakers-5,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2060-location-3,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""Arjeplog municipality""}",,,bib7844,no +2060-location-4,2060,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[66.0447, 17.8857]]}",,,bib5330,no +2060-location-5,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""\""[Pite Saami is] spoken in and around Arjeplog municipality in Northern Sweden. Pite Saami has not been spoken across the border\nin Norway for several generations, although some Pite Saami speakers settled there in the past.\"" (pg. 295)""}",,,bib7843,yes +2060-location-6,2060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden. Norway""], ""Description"": ""Arjeplog municipality in Swedish Lapland and bordering areas in Norway""}",,,bib7841,no +2060-speaker_number-1,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,no +2060-speakers-1,2060,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<20""}",,,bib6498,no +2060-speaker_number-3,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6166,no +2060-speakers-3,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20 in Sweden"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6166,no +2060-speaker_number-4,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7844,no +2060-speakers-4,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7844,no +2060-speaker_number-5,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2060-speakers-5,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2060-speaker_number-6,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""[Fieldwork confirms] a minimum of thirteen speakers, three semi-speakers, one fluent non-native speaker and an additional -28 individuals who are reported to be Pite speakers. Most of these people are over 60 years old. The youngest confirmed native-speaker was born in 1977."" (pg. 299)",bib7818,yes +28 individuals who are reported to be Pite speakers. Most of these people are over 60 years old. The youngest confirmed native-speaker was born in 1977."" (pg. 299)",bib7843,yes 2060-speakers-6,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~42"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"""[Fieldwork confirms] a minimum of thirteen speakers, three semi-speakers, one fluent non-native speaker and an additional -28 individuals who are reported to be Pite speakers. Most of these people are over 60 years old. The youngest confirmed native-speaker was born in 1977."" (pg. 299)",bib7818,yes -2060-speaker_number-7,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7816,no -2060-speakers-7,2060,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""29"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7816,no +28 individuals who are reported to be Pite speakers. Most of these people are over 60 years old. The youngest confirmed native-speaker was born in 1977."" (pg. 299)",bib7843,yes +2060-speaker_number-7,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7841,no +2060-speakers-7,2060,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""29"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7841,no 2060-speaker_number-8,2060,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2060-speakers-8,2060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2060-LEI-1,2060,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2060-transmission-1,2060,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,no -2060-domains_of_use-1,2060,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6474,no -2060-speaker_number_trends-1,2060,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,no -2060-vitality-1,2060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,no -2060-LEI-2,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6142,no -2060-vitality-2,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6142,no -2060-LEI-3,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7819,no -2060-vitality-3,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7819,no -2060-LEI-4,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2060-vitality-4,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2060-LEI-1,2060,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2060-transmission-1,2060,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,no +2060-domains_of_use-1,2060,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6498,no +2060-speaker_number_trends-1,2060,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,no +2060-vitality-1,2060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,no +2060-LEI-2,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6166,no +2060-vitality-2,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6166,no +2060-LEI-3,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7844,no +2060-vitality-3,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7844,no +2060-LEI-4,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2060-vitality-4,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2060-LEI-5,2060,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Most Pite Saami people do not use the language for reading and writing or intellectual argumentation in the academic sense, or in the public sphere. Some Pite Saami people have limited vocabulary or trouble remembering and using words actively as they do not use the language on a daily basis"" (pgs. 299-300). ""Pite Saami people who live in towns in Lapland or elsewhere are @@ -18970,7 +19075,7 @@ interviewee said that she speaks Pite Saami with her grandchildren sometimes and she sings to them in Pite Saami. But otherwise, we are not aware of any other children who are exposed to Pite Saami on a regular basis at all (pg. 302). ""Our impression is that many Pite Saami speakers and people of Pite Saami origin have a positive attitude towards their language and language revitalization efforts... That said, there are also those who are indifferent to the survival of Pite and those who perhaps would want to be more active but have other commitments. -We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7818,yes +We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7843,yes 2060-transmission-5,2060,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Most Pite Saami people do not use the language for reading and writing or intellectual argumentation in the academic sense, or in the public sphere. Some Pite Saami people have limited vocabulary or trouble remembering and using words actively as they do not use the language on a daily basis"" (pgs. 299-300). ""Pite Saami people who live in towns in Lapland or elsewhere are @@ -18984,7 +19089,7 @@ interviewee said that she speaks Pite Saami with her grandchildren sometimes and she sings to them in Pite Saami. But otherwise, we are not aware of any other children who are exposed to Pite Saami on a regular basis at all (pg. 302). ""Our impression is that many Pite Saami speakers and people of Pite Saami origin have a positive attitude towards their language and language revitalization efforts... That said, there are also those who are indifferent to the survival of Pite and those who perhaps would want to be more active but have other commitments. -We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7818,yes +We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7843,yes 2060-domains_of_use-5,2060,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Most Pite Saami people do not use the language for reading and writing or intellectual argumentation in the academic sense, or in the public sphere. Some Pite Saami people have limited vocabulary or trouble remembering and using words actively as they do not use the language on a daily basis"" (pgs. 299-300). ""Pite Saami people who live in towns in Lapland or elsewhere are @@ -18998,7 +19103,7 @@ interviewee said that she speaks Pite Saami with her grandchildren sometimes and she sings to them in Pite Saami. But otherwise, we are not aware of any other children who are exposed to Pite Saami on a regular basis at all (pg. 302). ""Our impression is that many Pite Saami speakers and people of Pite Saami origin have a positive attitude towards their language and language revitalization efforts... That said, there are also those who are indifferent to the survival of Pite and those who perhaps would want to be more active but have other commitments. -We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7818,yes +We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7843,yes 2060-speaker_number_trends-5,2060,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Most Pite Saami people do not use the language for reading and writing or intellectual argumentation in the academic sense, or in the public sphere. Some Pite Saami people have limited vocabulary or trouble remembering and using words actively as they do not use the language on a daily basis"" (pgs. 299-300). ""Pite Saami people who live in towns in Lapland or elsewhere are @@ -19012,7 +19117,7 @@ interviewee said that she speaks Pite Saami with her grandchildren sometimes and she sings to them in Pite Saami. But otherwise, we are not aware of any other children who are exposed to Pite Saami on a regular basis at all (pg. 302). ""Our impression is that many Pite Saami speakers and people of Pite Saami origin have a positive attitude towards their language and language revitalization efforts... That said, there are also those who are indifferent to the survival of Pite and those who perhaps would want to be more active but have other commitments. -We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7818,yes +We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7843,yes 2060-vitality-5,2060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Most Pite Saami people do not use the language for reading and writing or intellectual argumentation in the academic sense, or in the public sphere. Some Pite Saami people have limited vocabulary or trouble remembering and using words actively as they do not use the language on a daily basis"" (pgs. 299-300). ""Pite Saami people who live in towns in Lapland or elsewhere are @@ -19026,82 +19131,82 @@ interviewee said that she speaks Pite Saami with her grandchildren sometimes and she sings to them in Pite Saami. But otherwise, we are not aware of any other children who are exposed to Pite Saami on a regular basis at all (pg. 302). ""Our impression is that many Pite Saami speakers and people of Pite Saami origin have a positive attitude towards their language and language revitalization efforts... That said, there are also those who are indifferent to the survival of Pite and those who perhaps would want to be more active but have other commitments. -We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7818,yes -2060-LEI-6,2060,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7816,no -2060-transmission-6,2060,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7816,no -2060-domains_of_use-6,2060,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7816,no -2060-speaker_number_trends-6,2060,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7816,no -2060-vitality-6,2060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7816,no +We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish but, in practice, an indifferent attitude will lead to language shift"" (pg. 306).",bib7843,yes +2060-LEI-6,2060,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7841,no +2060-transmission-6,2060,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7841,no +2060-domains_of_use-6,2060,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7841,no +2060-speaker_number_trends-6,2060,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7841,no +2060-vitality-6,2060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only a few households (less than five) use Pite Saami on a regular basis at home or in family situations, and these are still involved in reindeer husbandry. In public realms, the language is rarely used today.",bib7841,no 2060-LEI-7,2060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2060-vitality-7,2060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2061-location-1,2061,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.9848, 77.143267]]}",,,bib6815,yes -2061-speaker_number-1,2061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6815,yes -2061-speakers-1,2061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6815,yes +2061-location-1,2061,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.9848, 77.143267]]}",,,bib6839,yes +2061-speaker_number-1,2061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6839,yes +2061-speakers-1,2061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6839,yes 2061-speaker_number-2,2061,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2061-speakers-2,2061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2061-LEI-1,2061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6815,yes -2061-vitality-1,2061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6815,yes +2061-LEI-1,2061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6839,yes +2061-vitality-1,2061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6839,yes 2061-LEI-2,2061,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2061-vitality-2,2061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2062-context-1,2062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,no -2062-context-2,2062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib5532,yes +2062-context-1,2062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,no +2062-context-2,2062,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib5556,yes 2062-location-1,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[67.033163, 71.176756]]}",,,bib223,no -2062-location-2,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Arctic Russia, northwestern Siberia""]}",,,bib6476,no -2062-location-3,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia and northern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern Siberia across a vast area in the Russian Federation, covering Yamal, Nadym and Taz counties and the northern parts of Ural (Priural\u2019skiy) County in Yamal Nenets Autonomous District as well as most parts of Ust\u2019-Yeniseysk County in Taymyr (Dolgan and Nenets) Autonomous District, and in the northernmost parts of European Russia including Nenets Autonomous District, the Kolguyev Island, the northern parts of Mezen County and formerly the Novaya Zemlya Islands in Arkhangel\u2019sk Province, as well as Vorkuta Territory and at least formerly the northern parts of Inta Territory and Usinsk, Ust\u2019-Tsil\u2019ma and Izhma counties in the Komi Republic.""}",,,bib6474,no -2062-location-4,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Nenets District of the Arkhangelsk Province, Yamal-Nenets District of the Tyumen Province, Taimyr District of the Krasnoyarsk Region, and parts of the Komi Republic,""}",,,bib5532,yes -2062-speaker_number-1,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6476,no -2062-speakers-1,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6476,no -2062-speaker_number-2,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,no -2062-speakers-2,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,no -2062-speaker_number-3,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 2010 data estimate the number of speakers of the Nenets language in the Russian Federation as 21,926 and this estimate is probably quite accurate. However, the numbers include speakers of both Tundra and Forest Nenets, since the official trend in Russia is to view them as a single language. According to unofficial estimates, there may be about 1,500 speakers of Forest Nenets, so Tundra Nenets may be currently spoken by about 20,000 people.",bib5532,yes -2062-speakers-3,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 2010 data estimate the number of speakers of the Nenets language in the Russian Federation as 21,926 and this estimate is probably quite accurate. However, the numbers include speakers of both Tundra and Forest Nenets, since the official trend in Russia is to view them as a single language. According to unofficial estimates, there may be about 1,500 speakers of Forest Nenets, so Tundra Nenets may be currently spoken by about 20,000 people.",bib5532,yes -2062-LEI-1,2062,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6476,no -2062-vitality-1,2062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6476,no -2062-LEI-2,2062,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -2062-transmission-2,2062,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -2062-domains_of_use-2,2062,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -2062-speaker_number_trends-2,2062,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -2062-vitality-2,2062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -2062-LEI-3,2062,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5532,yes -2062-domains_of_use-3,2062,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5532,yes -2062-speaker_number_trends-3,2062,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5532,yes -2062-vitality-3,2062,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5532,yes -2063-context-1,2063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, American Sign Language, Manually Coded English, Inuktitut"", ""Government Support"": ""\""The Department of CLEY funded a project to develop materials for teaching and training of IUR, and is organising support services for deaf and hearing-impaired individuals.\"""", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral or positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No formal education exists""}",,,bib6643,yes -2063-context-2,2063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Manually Coded English, Inuktitut""}",,"About two-thirds of the deaf Inuit use American Sign Language (ASL) or Manually Coded English (MCE), while the remaining one-third use IUR. Also, a few deaf Inuit are bilingual in ASL and IUR... IUR is only used as a primary language by those deaf individuals who have not been to school, or only attended school for a short period.",bib6644,no -2063-location-1,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Throughout different communities in Nunavut""}",,,bib6643,yes -2063-location-2,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Nunavut, Canada""], ""Description"": ""This research in Rankin Inlet (62\u00b048N, 92\u00b005W), Baker Lake (64\u00b019N, 96\u00b001W) and Taloyoak (69\u00b032N, 93\u00b032W)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.8, -92.083], [64.32, -96.02], [69.53, -93.53]]}",,,bib6646,no -2063-location-3,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""It is possible that IUR is used among deaf people in other regions as well, but the focus of my research has been on Nunavut.""}",,,bib6644,no +2062-location-2,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Arctic Russia, northwestern Siberia""]}",,,bib6500,no +2062-location-3,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia and northern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern Siberia across a vast area in the Russian Federation, covering Yamal, Nadym and Taz counties and the northern parts of Ural (Priural\u2019skiy) County in Yamal Nenets Autonomous District as well as most parts of Ust\u2019-Yeniseysk County in Taymyr (Dolgan and Nenets) Autonomous District, and in the northernmost parts of European Russia including Nenets Autonomous District, the Kolguyev Island, the northern parts of Mezen County and formerly the Novaya Zemlya Islands in Arkhangel\u2019sk Province, as well as Vorkuta Territory and at least formerly the northern parts of Inta Territory and Usinsk, Ust\u2019-Tsil\u2019ma and Izhma counties in the Komi Republic.""}",,,bib6498,no +2062-location-4,2062,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Nenets District of the Arkhangelsk Province, Yamal-Nenets District of the Tyumen Province, Taimyr District of the Krasnoyarsk Region, and parts of the Komi Republic,""}",,,bib5556,yes +2062-speaker_number-1,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6500,no +2062-speakers-1,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6500,no +2062-speaker_number-2,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,no +2062-speakers-2,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,no +2062-speaker_number-3,2062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 2010 data estimate the number of speakers of the Nenets language in the Russian Federation as 21,926 and this estimate is probably quite accurate. However, the numbers include speakers of both Tundra and Forest Nenets, since the official trend in Russia is to view them as a single language. According to unofficial estimates, there may be about 1,500 speakers of Forest Nenets, so Tundra Nenets may be currently spoken by about 20,000 people.",bib5556,yes +2062-speakers-3,2062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 2010 data estimate the number of speakers of the Nenets language in the Russian Federation as 21,926 and this estimate is probably quite accurate. However, the numbers include speakers of both Tundra and Forest Nenets, since the official trend in Russia is to view them as a single language. According to unofficial estimates, there may be about 1,500 speakers of Forest Nenets, so Tundra Nenets may be currently spoken by about 20,000 people.",bib5556,yes +2062-LEI-1,2062,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6500,no +2062-vitality-1,2062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6500,no +2062-LEI-2,2062,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +2062-transmission-2,2062,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +2062-domains_of_use-2,2062,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +2062-speaker_number_trends-2,2062,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +2062-vitality-2,2062,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In Siberia, many children learn the language, but often shift to Russian at school age, yet most young people are still fluent in the language. On the European side, very few children learn the language, young people tend to prefer Russian, and most speakers there are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +2062-LEI-3,2062,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5556,yes +2062-domains_of_use-3,2062,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5556,yes +2062-speaker_number_trends-3,2062,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5556,yes +2062-vitality-3,2062,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5556,yes +2063-context-1,2063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, American Sign Language, Manually Coded English, Inuktitut"", ""Government Support"": ""\""The Department of CLEY funded a project to develop materials for teaching and training of IUR, and is organising support services for deaf and hearing-impaired individuals.\"""", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral or positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No formal education exists""}",,,bib6667,yes +2063-context-2,2063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Manually Coded English, Inuktitut""}",,"About two-thirds of the deaf Inuit use American Sign Language (ASL) or Manually Coded English (MCE), while the remaining one-third use IUR. Also, a few deaf Inuit are bilingual in ASL and IUR... IUR is only used as a primary language by those deaf individuals who have not been to school, or only attended school for a short period.",bib6668,no +2063-location-1,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Throughout different communities in Nunavut""}",,,bib6667,yes +2063-location-2,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Nunavut, Canada""], ""Description"": ""This research in Rankin Inlet (62\u00b048N, 92\u00b005W), Baker Lake (64\u00b019N, 96\u00b001W) and Taloyoak (69\u00b032N, 93\u00b032W)"", ""Coordinates"": [[62.8, -92.083], [64.32, -96.02], [69.53, -93.53]]}",,,bib6670,no +2063-location-3,2063,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""It is possible that IUR is used among deaf people in other regions as well, but the focus of my research has been on Nunavut.""}",,,bib6668,no 2063-speaker_number-1,2063,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Less than 40 deaf native signers."" -""The incidence of deafness among the Inuit in Nunavut is estimated to be 0.6%.",bib6643,yes +""The incidence of deafness among the Inuit in Nunavut is estimated to be 0.6%.",bib6667,yes 2063-speakers-1,2063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Hearing signers""}",,"Less than 40 deaf native signers."" -""The incidence of deafness among the Inuit in Nunavut is estimated to be 0.6%.",bib6643,yes -2063-speaker_number-2,2063,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6646,no -2063-speakers-2,2063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6646,no -2063-speaker_number-3,2063,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"For about 47 deaf signers [Inuit Sign Language, or IUR] is the sole means of communication, but these people live in separate communities spread across the immense area. It is difficult to give an estimate of the number of hearing signers, especially since it differs from community to community. I estimate that there are at least two hearing signers to each deaf signer, who have learned IUR because they are in close contact with a deaf IUR signer.",bib6644,no -2063-speakers-3,2063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">141"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"For about 47 deaf signers [Inuit Sign Language, or IUR] is the sole means of communication, but these people live in separate communities spread across the immense area. It is difficult to give an estimate of the number of hearing signers, especially since it differs from community to community. I estimate that there are at least two hearing signers to each deaf signer, who have learned IUR because they are in close contact with a deaf IUR signer.",bib6644,no -2063-LEI-1,2063,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6643,yes -2063-transmission-1,2063,transmission,3,transmission-3,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6643,yes -2063-domains_of_use-1,2063,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6643,yes -2063-vitality-1,2063,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6643,yes -2063-LEI-2,2063,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6646,no -2063-vitality-2,2063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6646,no -2063-LEI-3,2063,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6644,no -2063-vitality-3,2063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6644,no +""The incidence of deafness among the Inuit in Nunavut is estimated to be 0.6%.",bib6667,yes +2063-speaker_number-2,2063,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6670,no +2063-speakers-2,2063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6670,no +2063-speaker_number-3,2063,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"For about 47 deaf signers [Inuit Sign Language, or IUR] is the sole means of communication, but these people live in separate communities spread across the immense area. It is difficult to give an estimate of the number of hearing signers, especially since it differs from community to community. I estimate that there are at least two hearing signers to each deaf signer, who have learned IUR because they are in close contact with a deaf IUR signer.",bib6668,no +2063-speakers-3,2063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">141"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"For about 47 deaf signers [Inuit Sign Language, or IUR] is the sole means of communication, but these people live in separate communities spread across the immense area. It is difficult to give an estimate of the number of hearing signers, especially since it differs from community to community. I estimate that there are at least two hearing signers to each deaf signer, who have learned IUR because they are in close contact with a deaf IUR signer.",bib6668,no +2063-LEI-1,2063,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6667,yes +2063-transmission-1,2063,transmission,3,transmission-3,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6667,yes +2063-domains_of_use-1,2063,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6667,yes +2063-vitality-1,2063,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"IUR is used by less than 40 people as their first language. Some of these people use more and more ASL... Furthermore, most of these deaf adults who use IUR as their main means of communication mainly use the language with hearing signers, who are second language users. Only on rare occasions is IUR used between two deaf native signers. And as no deaf children acquire IUR as their native language, the status of the language is highly endangered.",bib6667,yes +2063-LEI-2,2063,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6670,no +2063-vitality-2,2063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6670,no +2063-LEI-3,2063,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6668,no +2063-vitality-3,2063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6668,no 2064-context-1,2064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Bangla""}",,"The Great Andamanese, especially those who visit Port Blair frequently, have a functional knowledge of Hindi and Bangla. Some of them also understand a few words spoken in English.",bib255,no 2064-context-2,2064,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Bangla; Tamil"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Members are proud to call themselves Jeru speakers even when few of them actually speak it. This is an unexpected response from an endangered or moribund language community.\"" (p. 21-22)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""no monolingual in their heritage language""}",,"""The members who are below forty are monolingual in Hindi, which they use as a lingua franca as well as the home language. Some of the members of the younger generation, especially teenage children, also speak a fe words and phrases of English and other Indian languages, such as Bangla and Tamil... Marriage outside the community also further adds to this language pool."" (p.25)",bib254,yes 2064-location-1,2064,location,"{""Places"": [""Andaman Islands, India""], ""Description"": ""Strait Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.240707, 92.892052]]}",,"It was as late as 1968 that the Andaman Government, on the recommendation of the anthropologists made a policy decision of resettling the surviving tribes in an island called Strait Island, about 68 nautical miles from Port Blair.",bib255,no 2064-location-2,2064,location,"{""Places"": [""Andaman Islands, India""], ""Description"": ""Strait Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.21097, 92.944672]]}",,,bib257,no 2064-location-3,2064,location,"{""Places"": [""Andaman Islands, India""]}",,,bib254,yes -2064-speaker_number-1,2064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib606,no -2064-speakers-1,2064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib606,no +2064-speaker_number-1,2064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib609,no +2064-speakers-1,2064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib609,no 2064-speaker_number-2,2064,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,No child below 15 speaks the native language.,bib255,no 2064-speakers-2,2064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""37"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,No child below 15 speaks the native language.,bib255,no 2064-speaker_number-3,2064,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib257,no 2064-speakers-3,2064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib257,no 2064-speaker_number-4,2064,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There were only 36 members in 2001 when the author conducted her first fieldwork...,bib254,yes 2064-speakers-4,2064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""7"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,There were only 36 members in 2001 when the author conducted her first fieldwork...,bib254,yes -2064-LEI-1,2064,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -2064-vitality-1,2064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib606,no +2064-LEI-1,2064,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +2064-vitality-1,2064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib609,no 2064-LEI-2,2064,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is a real challenge to work on this language as the depleting number of speakers and their reduced ability to speak the language conceals many important linguistic facts rather than revealing them. The fluent speakers are not more than five or six.,bib255,no 2064-transmission-2,2064,transmission,4,transmission-4,It is a real challenge to work on this language as the depleting number of speakers and their reduced ability to speak the language conceals many important linguistic facts rather than revealing them. The fluent speakers are not more than five or six.,bib255,no 2064-speaker_number_trends-2,2064,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,It is a real challenge to work on this language as the depleting number of speakers and their reduced ability to speak the language conceals many important linguistic facts rather than revealing them. The fluent speakers are not more than five or six.,bib255,no @@ -19113,641 +19218,664 @@ We have not heard of anyone actively supporting language shift towards Swedish b 2064-domains_of_use-5,2064,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""A great amount of coaxing was needed to make two of the 'best speaker' converse in their own language. Within no time they started taking recourse to Hindi. The only occasion where a member of the tribe would spontaneously use the 'heritage language' with another was to exclude a perceived 'outsider' from the conversation. It can be said that the language at this stage is best used as a 'secret code' rather than as a standard mode of communication."" (p. 18)",bib254,yes 2064-speaker_number_trends-5,2064,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""A great amount of coaxing was needed to make two of the 'best speaker' converse in their own language. Within no time they started taking recourse to Hindi. The only occasion where a member of the tribe would spontaneously use the 'heritage language' with another was to exclude a perceived 'outsider' from the conversation. It can be said that the language at this stage is best used as a 'secret code' rather than as a standard mode of communication."" (p. 18)",bib254,yes 2064-vitality-5,2064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""A great amount of coaxing was needed to make two of the 'best speaker' converse in their own language. Within no time they started taking recourse to Hindi. The only occasion where a member of the tribe would spontaneously use the 'heritage language' with another was to exclude a perceived 'outsider' from the conversation. It can be said that the language at this stage is best used as a 'secret code' rather than as a standard mode of communication."" (p. 18)",bib254,yes -2065-context-1,2065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quichua""}",,They are very isolated from Western civilization. Many are switching to Quichua because of mixed marriages and bilingual education programs taught by Quichua teachers who do not speak Sabela.,bib1903,no +2065-context-1,2065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quichua""}",,They are very isolated from Western civilization. Many are switching to Quichua because of mixed marriages and bilingual education programs taught by Quichua teachers who do not speak Sabela.,bib1915,no 2065-location-1,2065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -76.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2065-location-2,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib67,no -2065-location-3,2065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.1864, -76.6296]]}",,,bib5307,no -2065-location-4,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Ecuador""]}",,,bib3517,no -2065-location-5,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Ecuador, eastern jungle, between the Napo River in the north, the Curaray and Cononaco rivers in the south, the Peruvian border in the east, and the headwaters of the Curaray and Nushino in the west.""}",,,bib1903,no -2065-location-6,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2065-location-3,2065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.1864, -76.6296]]}",,,bib5330,no +2065-location-4,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonian Ecuador""]}",,,bib3535,no +2065-location-5,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Ecuador, eastern jungle, between the Napo River in the north, the Curaray and Cononaco rivers in the south, the Peruvian border in the east, and the headwaters of the Curaray and Nushino in the west.""}",,,bib1915,no +2065-location-6,2065,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2065-speaker_number-1,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 2065-speakers-1,2065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -2065-speaker_number-2,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2065-speakers-2,2065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2065-speaker_number-3,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3517,no -2065-speakers-3,2065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3517,no -2065-speaker_number-4,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2065-speakers-4,2065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2065-speaker_number-2,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2065-speakers-2,2065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2065-speaker_number-3,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3535,no +2065-speakers-3,2065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3535,no +2065-speaker_number-4,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2065-speakers-4,2065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2065-speaker_number-5,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2065-speakers-5,2065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2065-speaker_number-6,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2065-speakers-6,2065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,534"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,616"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2065-speaker_number-6,2065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2065-speakers-6,2065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,534"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,616"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2065-LEI-1,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2065-vitality-1,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2065-LEI-2,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2065-vitality-2,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2065-LEI-3,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3517,no -2065-vitality-3,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3517,no -2065-LEI-4,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2065-vitality-4,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2065-LEI-2,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2065-vitality-2,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2065-LEI-3,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3535,no +2065-vitality-3,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3535,no +2065-LEI-4,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2065-vitality-4,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2065-LEI-5,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2065-vitality-5,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2065-LEI-6,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2065-vitality-6,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2066-location-1,2066,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.3075, 149.124417]]}",,,bib3928,yes -2066-speaker_number-1,2066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Though the precise number of signing deaf people in Australia is unknown, recent research suggests that there are about 6,500 severely and profoundly deaf users of Auslan.",bib3896,no -2066-speakers-1,2066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Though the precise number of signing deaf people in Australia is unknown, recent research suggests that there are about 6,500 severely and profoundly deaf users of Auslan.",bib3896,no -2066-speaker_number-2,2066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of deaf users of Auslan peaked in the early 1980s at approximately 6,500 and entered a period of decline in the mid 1990s.",bib3928,yes -2066-speakers-2,2066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of deaf users of Auslan peaked in the early 1980s at approximately 6,500 and entered a period of decline in the mid 1990s.",bib3928,yes +2065-LEI-6,2065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2065-vitality-6,2065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2066-location-1,2066,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.3075, 149.124417]]}",,,bib3948,yes +2066-speaker_number-1,2066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Though the precise number of signing deaf people in Australia is unknown, recent research suggests that there are about 6,500 severely and profoundly deaf users of Auslan.",bib3916,no +2066-speakers-1,2066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Though the precise number of signing deaf people in Australia is unknown, recent research suggests that there are about 6,500 severely and profoundly deaf users of Auslan.",bib3916,no +2066-speaker_number-2,2066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of deaf users of Auslan peaked in the early 1980s at approximately 6,500 and entered a period of decline in the mid 1990s.",bib3948,yes +2066-speakers-2,2066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of deaf users of Auslan peaked in the early 1980s at approximately 6,500 and entered a period of decline in the mid 1990s.",bib3948,yes 2066-speakers-3,2066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000""}",,,bib67,no -2066-LEI-1,2066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3896,no -2066-vitality-1,2066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3896,no -2066-LEI-2,2066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3928,yes -2066-vitality-2,2066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3928,yes -2086-context-1,2086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All community members up to age 65 are fluent in Malay.""}",,,bib661,yes -2086-context-2,2086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local Malay""}",,,bib662,no -2086-location-1,2086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.400314, 124.420714]]}",,,bib7945,no -2086-location-2,2086,location,"{""Places"": [""Alor Island, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""western part""}",,,bib662,no +2066-LEI-1,2066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3916,no +2066-vitality-1,2066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3916,no +2066-LEI-2,2066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3948,yes +2066-vitality-2,2066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3948,yes +2085-location-1,2085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.62, -98.5]]}",,,bib75,no +2085-location-2,2085,location,"{""Places"": [""Veracruz, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""La Huasteca, northern Veracruz""}",,,bib4301,yes +2085-location-3,2085,location,"{""Description"": ""The Veracruz Huastecos are north of Veracruz, near in the town of Tantoyuca. The San Luis Potos\u00ed Huastecos are south of San Luis Potos\u00ed, near in the town of Tamuin, Tanlaj\u00e1s, San Vicente, San Antonio, Tancanhuitz, Cd. Valles"", ""Coordinates"": [[21.349006, -98.229511]]}",,,bib7528,no +2085-speaker_number-1,2085,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4301,yes +2085-speakers-1,2085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4301,yes +2085-speaker_number-2,2085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Huastec, San Luís Potosí [hva] (Mexico) + +Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Huastec languages; others have only one. Ethnologue's , Southeastern Huastec [hsf]: 1,750 (1990); Veracruz Huastec [hus]: 50,000 (1990 census); San Luís Potosí Huastec: 70,000 (1990 census).",bib67,no +2085-speakers-2,2085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""121,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Huastec, San Luís Potosí [hva] (Mexico) + +Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Huastec languages; others have only one. Ethnologue's , Southeastern Huastec [hsf]: 1,750 (1990); Veracruz Huastec [hus]: 50,000 (1990 census); San Luís Potosí Huastec: 70,000 (1990 census).",bib67,no +2085-speaker_number-3,2085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Huastec, San Luís Potosí [hva] (Mexico) + +Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Huastec languages; others have only one. Ethnologue's , Southeastern Huastec [hsf]: 1,750 (1990); Veracruz Huastec [hus]: 50,000 (1990 census); San Luís Potosí Huastec: 70,000 (1990 census).",,no +2085-speakers-3,2085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""121,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Huastec, San Luís Potosí [hva] (Mexico) + +Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Huastec languages; others have only one. Ethnologue's , Southeastern Huastec [hsf]: 1,750 (1990); Veracruz Huastec [hus]: 50,000 (1990 census); San Luís Potosí Huastec: 70,000 (1990 census).",,no +2085-LEI-1,2085,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4301,yes +2085-vitality-1,2085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4301,yes +2085-LEI-2,2085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no +2085-vitality-2,2085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no +2085-LEI-3,2085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no +2085-vitality-3,2085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no +2086-context-1,2086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All community members up to age 65 are fluent in Malay.""}",,,bib665,yes +2086-context-2,2086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local Malay""}",,,bib666,no +2086-location-1,2086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.400314, 124.420714]]}",,,bib7970,no +2086-location-2,2086,location,"{""Places"": [""Alor Island, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""western part""}",,,bib666,no 2086-location-3,2086,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara)""], ""Description"": ""Lesser Sundas, southwest Alor Island.""}",,,bib67,no -2086-speaker_number-1,2086,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib661,yes -2086-speakers-1,2086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""500""}",,,bib661,yes -2086-speaker_number-2,2086,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib662,no -2086-speakers-2,2086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib662,no +2086-speaker_number-1,2086,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib665,yes +2086-speakers-1,2086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""500""}",,,bib665,yes +2086-speaker_number-2,2086,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib666,no +2086-speakers-2,2086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib666,no 2086-speaker_number-3,2086,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 (Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob 1997).",bib67,no 2086-speakers-3,2086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 (Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob 1997).",bib67,no -2086-LEI-1,2086,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib661,yes -2086-transmission-1,2086,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib661,yes -2086-domains_of_use-1,2086,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib661,yes -2086-speaker_number_trends-1,2086,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib661,yes -2086-vitality-1,2086,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib661,yes -2086-LEI-2,2086,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib662,no -2086-vitality-2,2086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib662,no +2086-LEI-1,2086,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib665,yes +2086-transmission-1,2086,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib665,yes +2086-domains_of_use-1,2086,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib665,yes +2086-speaker_number_trends-1,2086,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib665,yes +2086-vitality-1,2086,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Though most of the community speaks Klon, Baird notes that ""A significant proportion"" of Klon children do not use Klon while playing with other Klon children. There is a growing trend for parents to speak only Malay to their children.",bib665,yes +2086-LEI-2,2086,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib666,no +2086-vitality-2,2086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib666,no 2086-LEI-3,2086,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2086-vitality-3,2086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2087-context-1,2087,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Standard Indonesian and local Malay dialects""}",,,bib4212,yes -2087-context-2,2087,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local Malay""}",,,bib662,no -2087-location-1,2087,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.351678, 124.182828]]}",,,bib7945,no -2087-location-2,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Pantar Island, Eastern Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the north-west of Pantar Island.""}",,,bib4215,no -2087-location-3,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Pantar island, part of the Alor archipelago. Specifically, the language is spoken in north Pantor around Kabir."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.267, 124.207]]}",,,bib4212,yes -2087-location-4,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Pantar Island, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""eastern part""}",,,bib662,no +2087-context-1,2087,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Standard Indonesian and local Malay dialects""}",,,bib4232,yes +2087-context-2,2087,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local Malay""}",,,bib666,no +2087-location-1,2087,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.351678, 124.182828]]}",,,bib7970,no +2087-location-2,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Pantar Island, Eastern Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the north-west of Pantar Island.""}",,,bib4235,no +2087-location-3,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Pantar island, part of the Alor archipelago. Specifically, the language is spoken in north Pantor around Kabir."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.267, 124.207]]}",,,bib4232,yes +2087-location-4,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Pantar Island, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""eastern part""}",,,bib666,no 2087-location-5,2087,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara, Central Pantar""}",,,bib67,no -2087-speaker_number-1,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4215,no -2087-speakers-1,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4215,no -2087-speaker_number-2,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4212,yes -2087-speakers-2,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4212,yes -2087-speaker_number-3,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib662,no -2087-speakers-3,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib662,no +2087-speaker_number-1,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4235,no +2087-speakers-1,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4235,no +2087-speaker_number-2,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4232,yes +2087-speakers-2,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4232,yes +2087-speaker_number-3,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib666,no +2087-speakers-3,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib666,no 2087-speaker_number-4,2087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2087-speakers-4,2087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no -2087-LEI-1,2087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4215,no -2087-vitality-1,2087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4215,no -2087-LEI-2,2087,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4212,yes -2087-transmission-2,2087,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4212,yes -2087-domains_of_use-2,2087,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4212,yes -2087-speaker_number_trends-2,2087,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4212,yes -2087-vitality-2,2087,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4212,yes -2087-LEI-3,2087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib662,no -2087-vitality-3,2087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib662,no +2087-LEI-1,2087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4235,no +2087-vitality-1,2087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4235,no +2087-LEI-2,2087,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4232,yes +2087-transmission-2,2087,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4232,yes +2087-domains_of_use-2,2087,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4232,yes +2087-speaker_number_trends-2,2087,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4232,yes +2087-vitality-2,2087,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The present generation of adults still uses Teiwa at home and when talking to other Teiwa speaking adults, but they typically switch to Malay/Indonesian when addressing children. Children playing outside usually speak Malay/Indonesian amongst each other, Teiwa words and expressions are used occasionally.",bib4232,yes +2087-LEI-3,2087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib666,no +2087-vitality-3,2087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib666,no 2087-LEI-4,2087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2087-vitality-4,2087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2088-context-1,2088,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghai Mandarin; Amdo Tibetan""}",,,bib2885,no -2088-context-2,2088,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghaihua; Tibetan; Standard Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"Schooling is in Chinese; most bilingual in Chinese, and a few bilingual in Amdo Tibetan (older people)",bib2551,yes -2088-location-1,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.929264, 101.924411]]}",,,bib7945,no -2088-location-2,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Huzhu Tu Autonomous County \u4e92\u52a9\u571f\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23 and adjacent parts of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County \u5927\u901a\u56de\u65cf\u571f\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23, Qinghai \u9752\u6d77, and adjacent parts of Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County \u5929\u795d\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23, Gansu \u7518\u8085"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.7608, 102.4255]]}",,,bib5307,no -2088-location-3,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""\""Mongghul is mainly spoken in the Chinese province of Qinghai (until 1928 a part of Gansu), especially in Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, northeast of the provincial capital Xining. From here, the Mongghul population extends both westwards to Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, also in Qinghai, and eastwards to Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, in (present-day) Gansu.\"" (p.286)""}",,,bib2885,no -2088-location-4,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Huzhu \u4e92\u52a9 county, Ledu \u6a02\u90fd county, Qinghai \u9752\u6d77 Province; Tianzhu \u5929\u795d county, Gansu \u7518\u8085 Province""}",,,bib2551,yes -2088-speakers-1,2088,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000""}",,,bib5307,no -2088-speaker_number-2,2088,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2885,no -2088-speakers-2,2088,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""191624 (including Mongghul \u4e92\u52a9\u571f\u5bb6, Mangghuer, Qinghai Bonan \u9752\u6d77\u4fdd\u5b89 and Wutun \u4e94\u5c6f)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2885,no -2088-speaker_number-3,2088,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,50000 speakers of Mongghul with 18000 speakers of the Karlong dialect.,bib2551,yes -2088-speakers-3,2088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,50000 speakers of Mongghul with 18000 speakers of the Karlong dialect.,bib2551,yes -2088-LEI-1,2088,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speaker number is probably decreasing.,bib2885,no -2088-vitality-1,2088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speaker number is probably decreasing.,bib2885,no -2088-LEI-2,2088,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2551,yes -2088-transmission-2,2088,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2551,yes -2088-domains_of_use-2,2088,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2551,yes -2088-speaker_number_trends-2,2088,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2551,yes -2088-vitality-2,2088,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2551,yes -2089-context-1,2089,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib7177,yes -2089-location-1,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northwest tip of the island of Malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.901, 167.183]]}",,,bib4780,no -2089-location-2,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib7177,yes -2089-location-3,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.922193, 167.187713]]}",,,bib395,no -2089-location-4,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula Island, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib7176,no -2089-location-5,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1913,no -2089-speaker_number-1,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Language immersion classes are scheduled to begin in March of 2014, which may help raise the number of second language speakers.",bib7177,yes -2089-speakers-1,2089,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""15"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Language immersion classes are scheduled to begin in March of 2014, which may help raise the number of second language speakers.",bib7177,yes -2089-speaker_number-2,2089,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -2089-speakers-2,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -2089-speaker_number-3,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7176,no -2089-speakers-3,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7176,no -2089-speaker_number-4,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1913,no -2089-speakers-4,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a handful of speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1913,no -2089-LEI-1,2089,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7177,yes -2089-transmission-1,2089,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7177,yes -2089-domains_of_use-1,2089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7177,yes -2089-speaker_number_trends-1,2089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7177,yes -2089-vitality-1,2089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7177,yes -2089-LEI-2,2089,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2089-vitality-2,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2089-LEI-3,2089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7176,no -2089-vitality-3,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7176,no -2089-LEI-4,2089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,no -2089-vitality-4,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,no -2090-context-1,2090,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4331,yes -2090-location-1,2090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.700241, -174.149151]]}",,,bib4331,yes -2090-speaker_number-1,2090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4331,yes -2090-speakers-1,2090,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4331,yes -2090-LEI-1,2090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4331,yes -2090-vitality-1,2090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4331,yes -2091-context-1,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4331,no -2091-context-2,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -2091-context-3,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +2088-context-1,2088,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghai Mandarin; Amdo Tibetan""}",,,bib2899,no +2088-context-2,2088,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Qinghaihua; Tibetan; Standard Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"Schooling is in Chinese; most bilingual in Chinese, and a few bilingual in Amdo Tibetan (older people)",bib2564,yes +2088-location-1,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.929264, 101.924411]]}",,,bib7970,no +2088-location-2,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Huzhu Tu Autonomous County \u4e92\u52a9\u571f\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23 and adjacent parts of Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County \u5927\u901a\u56de\u65cf\u571f\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23, Qinghai \u9752\u6d77, and adjacent parts of Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County \u5929\u795d\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23, Gansu \u7518\u8085"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.7608, 102.4255]]}",,,bib5330,no +2088-location-3,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""\""Mongghul is mainly spoken in the Chinese province of Qinghai (until 1928 a part of Gansu), especially in Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, northeast of the provincial capital Xining. From here, the Mongghul population extends both westwards to Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, also in Qinghai, and eastwards to Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, in (present-day) Gansu.\"" (p.286)""}",,,bib2899,no +2088-location-4,2088,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Huzhu \u4e92\u52a9 county, Ledu \u6a02\u90fd county, Qinghai \u9752\u6d77 Province; Tianzhu \u5929\u795d county, Gansu \u7518\u8085 Province""}",,,bib2564,yes +2088-speakers-1,2088,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000""}",,,bib5330,no +2088-speaker_number-2,2088,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2899,no +2088-speakers-2,2088,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""191624 (including Mongghul \u4e92\u52a9\u571f\u5bb6, Mangghuer, Qinghai Bonan \u9752\u6d77\u4fdd\u5b89 and Wutun \u4e94\u5c6f)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2899,no +2088-speaker_number-3,2088,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,50000 speakers of Mongghul with 18000 speakers of the Karlong dialect.,bib2564,yes +2088-speakers-3,2088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,50000 speakers of Mongghul with 18000 speakers of the Karlong dialect.,bib2564,yes +2088-LEI-1,2088,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speaker number is probably decreasing.,bib2899,no +2088-vitality-1,2088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speaker number is probably decreasing.,bib2899,no +2088-LEI-2,2088,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2564,yes +2088-transmission-2,2088,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2564,yes +2088-domains_of_use-2,2088,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2564,yes +2088-speaker_number_trends-2,2088,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2564,yes +2088-vitality-2,2088,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Monguor varieties are still spoken today, but the number of speakers is declining, and in some villages only a small percentage of children speak the language... while there are people classified as Tu in Datong, Mongghul is most likely no longer spoken there. There are speakers of Mongghul in Tianzhu, but not many young speakers. It seems that of people under the age of 20, only about 10% speak the language fluently. Younger people often do not know songs or traditional folktales in Mongghul."" (p.234, 237)",bib2564,yes +2089-context-1,2089,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib7201,yes +2089-location-1,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""northwest tip of the island of Malakula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.901, 167.183]]}",,,bib4802,no +2089-location-2,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib7201,yes +2089-location-3,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.922193, 167.187713]]}",,,bib396,no +2089-location-4,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Malakula Island, Vanuatu""]}",,,bib7200,no +2089-location-5,2089,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1925,no +2089-speaker_number-1,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Language immersion classes are scheduled to begin in March of 2014, which may help raise the number of second language speakers.",bib7201,yes +2089-speakers-1,2089,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""15"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Language immersion classes are scheduled to begin in March of 2014, which may help raise the number of second language speakers.",bib7201,yes +2089-speaker_number-2,2089,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +2089-speakers-2,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +2089-speaker_number-3,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7200,no +2089-speakers-3,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7200,no +2089-speaker_number-4,2089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1925,no +2089-speakers-4,2089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a handful of speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1925,no +2089-LEI-1,2089,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7201,yes +2089-transmission-1,2089,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7201,yes +2089-domains_of_use-1,2089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7201,yes +2089-speaker_number_trends-1,2089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7201,yes +2089-vitality-1,2089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is one family that speaks it to the children, but the children answer with Bislama.",bib7201,yes +2089-LEI-2,2089,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2089-vitality-2,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2089-LEI-3,2089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7200,no +2089-vitality-3,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7200,no +2089-LEI-4,2089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,no +2089-vitality-4,2089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,no +2090-context-1,2090,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4352,yes +2090-location-1,2090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.700241, -174.149151]]}",,,bib4352,yes +2090-speaker_number-1,2090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4352,yes +2090-speakers-1,2090,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4352,yes +2090-LEI-1,2090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4352,yes +2090-vitality-1,2090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4352,yes +2091-context-1,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4352,no +2091-context-2,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +2091-context-3,2091,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 2091-location-1,2091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.59, -128.53]]}",,,bib73,yes -2091-location-2,2091,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Kitasoo Nation (Klemtu, B.C.).",bib2541,no +2091-location-2,2091,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Kitasoo Nation (Klemtu, B.C.).",bib2554,no 2091-speakers-1,2091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""516"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No fluent speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Two people (ages 25-44) are learning the language. Of the total ethnic population of 516, 319 live on the reserve.",bib73,yes -2091-speaker_number-2,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -2091-speakers-2,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no -2091-speaker_number-3,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4331,no -2091-speakers-3,2091,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,,bib4331,no -2091-speaker_number-4,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1282,no -2091-speakers-4,2091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""519"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,,bib1282,no -2091-speakers-5,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib2541,no -2091-speaker_number-6,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Maritime (or Coast) Tsimshian has two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay. Of Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5217,no -2091-speakers-6,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Maritime (or Coast) Tsimshian has two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay. Of Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5217,no -2091-speaker_number-7,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2905,no -2091-speakers-7,2091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 fluent and 4 semi-speakers. 2 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib2905,no +2091-speaker_number-2,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +2091-speakers-2,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no +2091-speaker_number-3,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4352,no +2091-speakers-3,2091,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,,bib4352,no +2091-speaker_number-4,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1291,no +2091-speakers-4,2091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""519"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,,bib1291,no +2091-speakers-5,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib2554,no +2091-speaker_number-6,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Maritime (or Coast) Tsimshian has two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay. Of Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5240,no +2091-speakers-6,2091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Maritime (or Coast) Tsimshian has two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay. Of Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5240,no +2091-speaker_number-7,2091,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2919,no +2091-speakers-7,2091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 fluent and 4 semi-speakers. 2 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib2919,no 2091-LEI-1,2091,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib73,yes 2091-vitality-1,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib73,yes -2091-LEI-2,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2091-vitality-2,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -2091-LEI-3,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4331,no -2091-transmission-3,2091,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4331,no -2091-speaker_number_trends-3,2091,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4331,no -2091-vitality-3,2091,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4331,no -2091-LEI-4,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1282,no -2091-transmission-4,2091,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1282,no -2091-speaker_number_trends-4,2091,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1282,no -2091-vitality-4,2091,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1282,no -2091-LEI-5,2091,LEI,Dormant (),,"Ø% fluent speakers, 0.2% semispeakers, 17% learners",bib2541,no -2091-vitality-5,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Ø% fluent speakers, 0.2% semispeakers, 17% learners",bib2541,no -2091-LEI-6,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2091-vitality-6,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +2091-LEI-2,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2091-vitality-2,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +2091-LEI-3,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4352,no +2091-transmission-3,2091,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4352,no +2091-speaker_number_trends-3,2091,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4352,no +2091-vitality-3,2091,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4352,no +2091-LEI-4,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1291,no +2091-transmission-4,2091,transmission,5,transmission-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1291,no +2091-speaker_number_trends-4,2091,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1291,no +2091-vitality-4,2091,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.2% fluent speakers, 0.8% semispeakers, 0.8% active learners",bib1291,no +2091-LEI-5,2091,LEI,Dormant (),,"Ø% fluent speakers, 0.2% semispeakers, 17% learners",bib2554,no +2091-vitality-5,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Ø% fluent speakers, 0.2% semispeakers, 17% learners",bib2554,no +2091-LEI-6,2091,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2091-vitality-6,2091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 2092-context-2,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2092-context-3,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4331,yes -2092-context-4,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -2092-context-5,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1574,no -2092-location-1,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada, Yukon Territory""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of Eagle, Alaska, and in Dawson City, Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib2984,no +2092-context-3,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4352,yes +2092-context-4,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +2092-context-5,2092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1586,no +2092-location-1,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada, Yukon Territory""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of Eagle, Alaska, and in Dawson City, Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib2998,no 2092-location-2,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon river near Alaska-Canada border, Eagle.""}",,,bib67,no 2092-location-3,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""]}",,"US: Alaska: Eagle; Yukon River near Alaska-Canada border. Canada: Yukon territory: Dawson City.",bib70,no -2092-location-4,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib4331,yes -2092-location-5,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.7837, -141.2172]]}",,,bib5307,no -2092-location-6,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,no -2092-location-7,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada, Yukon""]}",,,bib1574,no -2092-location-8,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.7837, -141.2172], [64.062, -139.4278]]}",,,bib1709,no -2092-speaker_number-1,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -2092-speakers-1,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +2092-location-4,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib4352,yes +2092-location-5,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.7837, -141.2172]]}",,,bib5330,no +2092-location-6,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,no +2092-location-7,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada, Yukon""]}",,,bib1586,no +2092-location-8,2092,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[64.7837, -141.2172], [64.062, -139.4278]]}",,,bib1721,no +2092-speaker_number-1,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +2092-speakers-1,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 2092-speaker_number-2,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,7 in United States (Krauss 1995). All countries: 14. Ethnic population: 40 (2000 census).,bib67,no 2092-speakers-2,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995 for US"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,7 in United States (Krauss 1995). All countries: 14. Ethnic population: 40 (2000 census).,bib67,no 2092-speaker_number-3,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"USA: 12 (Golla 2007), ethnic population 50 (Golla 2007). Canada: 7 in Canada (Krauss 1997), ethnic population 300.",bib70,no 2092-speakers-3,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (US), 1997 (Canada)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"USA: 12 (Golla 2007), ethnic population 50 (Golla 2007). Canada: 7 in Canada (Krauss 1997), ethnic population 300.",bib70,no -2092-speaker_number-4,2092,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4331,yes -2092-speakers-4,2092,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""9""}",,,bib4331,yes -2092-speaker_number-5,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2092-speakers-5,2092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2092-speaker_number-6,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -2092-speakers-6,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50 (about 50)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5217,no -2092-speaker_number-7,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"12 Alaska, 7 Canada. Population 60 Alaska, 250 Canada.",bib1574,no -2092-speakers-7,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"12 Alaska, 7 Canada. Population 60 Alaska, 250 Canada.",bib1574,no +2092-speaker_number-4,2092,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4352,yes +2092-speakers-4,2092,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""9""}",,,bib4352,yes +2092-speaker_number-5,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2092-speakers-5,2092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2092-speaker_number-6,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +2092-speakers-6,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50 (about 50)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5240,no +2092-speaker_number-7,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"12 Alaska, 7 Canada. Population 60 Alaska, 250 Canada.",bib1586,no +2092-speakers-7,2092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"12 Alaska, 7 Canada. Population 60 Alaska, 250 Canada.",bib1586,no 2092-speaker_number-8,2092,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2092-speakers-8,2092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2092-LEI-1,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2092-transmission-1,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -2092-domains_of_use-1,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -2092-speaker_number_trends-1,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -2092-vitality-1,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2984,no +2092-LEI-1,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2092-transmission-1,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +2092-domains_of_use-1,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +2092-speaker_number_trends-1,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +2092-vitality-1,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2998,no 2092-LEI-2,2092,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2092-vitality-2,2092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2092-LEI-3,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2092-transmission-3,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2092-speaker_number_trends-3,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2092-vitality-3,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no -2092-LEI-4,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4331,yes -2092-transmission-4,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4331,yes -2092-speaker_number_trends-4,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4331,yes -2092-vitality-4,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4331,yes -2092-LEI-5,2092,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2092-vitality-5,2092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2092-LEI-6,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2092-transmission-6,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2092-domains_of_use-6,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -2092-speaker_number_trends-6,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2092-vitality-6,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no -2092-LEI-7,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,no -2092-transmission-7,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,no -2092-domains_of_use-7,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1574,no -2092-speaker_number_trends-7,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,no -2092-vitality-7,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1574,no +2092-LEI-4,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4352,yes +2092-transmission-4,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4352,yes +2092-speaker_number_trends-4,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4352,yes +2092-vitality-4,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4352,yes +2092-LEI-5,2092,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2092-vitality-5,2092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2092-LEI-6,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2092-transmission-6,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2092-domains_of_use-6,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +2092-speaker_number_trends-6,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2092-vitality-6,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no +2092-LEI-7,2092,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,no +2092-transmission-7,2092,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,no +2092-domains_of_use-7,2092,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1586,no +2092-speaker_number_trends-7,2092,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,no +2092-vitality-7,2092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1586,no 2092-LEI-8,2092,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2092-vitality-8,2092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2093-context-1,2093,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English""}",,,bib2042,yes +2093-context-1,2093,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English""}",,,bib2055,yes 2093-location-1,2093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.66, 96.66]]}",,,bib75,no -2093-location-2,2093,location,"{""Places"": [""Arunachal Pradesh, India""]}",,,bib2042,yes +2093-location-2,2093,location,"{""Places"": [""Arunachal Pradesh, India""]}",,,bib2055,yes 2093-location-3,2093,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no 2093-speaker_number-1,2093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2093-speakers-1,2093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2093-speaker_number-2,2093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2042,yes -2093-speakers-2,2093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2042,yes +2093-speaker_number-2,2093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2055,yes +2093-speakers-2,2093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2055,yes 2093-speaker_number-3,2093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 2093-speakers-3,2093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 2093-LEI-1,2093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2093-vitality-1,2093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2093-LEI-3,2093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2042,yes -2093-vitality-3,2093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2042,yes +2093-LEI-3,2093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2055,yes +2093-vitality-3,2093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2055,yes 2093-LEI-4,2093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2093-vitality-4,2093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2094-context-1,2094,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Bakovi, Lusi""}",,,bib6548,yes -2094-location-1,2094,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in 18 main villages of the Kove area, about 50 miles west of the provincial capital in Kimbe, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea. This area is divided into East Kove, Central Kove, and West Kove, which encompass both the mainland as well as nearby islands. Kove is also spoken in the more distant islands of Tamuniai and Arumigi.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.33, 149.3]]}",,,bib6548,yes +2094-context-1,2094,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Bakovi, Lusi""}",,,bib6572,yes +2094-location-1,2094,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in 18 main villages of the Kove area, about 50 miles west of the provincial capital in Kimbe, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea. This area is divided into East Kove, Central Kove, and West Kove, which encompass both the mainland as well as nearby islands. Kove is also spoken in the more distant islands of Tamuniai and Arumigi.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.33, 149.3]]}",,,bib6572,yes 2094-location-2,2094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.58333333333, 149.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2094-speaker_number-1,2094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many members of the ethnic community no longer speak their heritage language (fluently).,bib6548,yes -2094-speakers-1,2094,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,809"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many members of the ethnic community no longer speak their heritage language (fluently).,bib6548,yes +2094-speaker_number-1,2094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many members of the ethnic community no longer speak their heritage language (fluently).,bib6572,yes +2094-speakers-1,2094,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,809"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many members of the ethnic community no longer speak their heritage language (fluently).,bib6572,yes 2094-speaker_number-2,2094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,750 (1994 SIL)",bib67,no 2094-speakers-2,2094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,750 (1994 SIL)",bib67,no -2094-LEI-1,2094,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6548,yes -2094-transmission-1,2094,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6548,yes -2094-domains_of_use-1,2094,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6548,yes -2094-speaker_number_trends-1,2094,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6548,yes -2094-vitality-1,2094,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6548,yes +2094-LEI-1,2094,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6572,yes +2094-transmission-1,2094,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6572,yes +2094-domains_of_use-1,2094,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6572,yes +2094-speaker_number_trends-1,2094,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6572,yes +2094-vitality-1,2094,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most Kove people speak Tok Pisin in daily life.,bib6572,yes 2094-LEI-2,2094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2094-vitality-2,2094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -21-context-1,21,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nuosu, Chinese, and Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"EXCERPT FROM SOURCE (p. 241): When [the first author's family] was asked why they insisted on speaking Nuosu to family members, they replied, ""It is stupid to speak such a useless language as Namuyi these days. We have to communicate with our Nuosu friends in Nuosu. There are only a very few people who speak Namuyi. It's just like walking off a cliff with your eyes closed if you only speak Namuyi and refuse to speak Nuosu."" When the author asked why their two seven year-old children only spoke and understood Chinese, they replied, ""Who doesn't want their kids to find a good job, settle down, and have a comfortable family life? We should have our kids learn Chinese to help them find a job, shouldn't we?""",bib7087,yes -21-context-2,21,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tibetan, Chinese""}",,Included in the Tibetan nationality. Follow Tibetan Buddhism.,bib1205,no -21-location-1,21,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Four villages (named in this source): (1) Xichang City, Minsheng Township \u6c11\u52dd\u9109, Dashui Village \u5927\u6c34\u6751, d\u0290\u0259\u00b9\u00b9qu\u00b9\u00b9 community; (2) Xichang City, Xiangshui Township \u97ff\u6c34\u9109, Xiangshui Village \u97ff\u6c34\u6751, d\u0291a\u2075\u00b3qa\u2075\u00b3tu\u00b9\u00b9 community; (3) Mianning County, Zeyuan Township \u6cfd\u9060\u9109, Dongfeng Village \u6771\u98a8\u6751, \u0255a\u00b9\u00b9ma\u00b9\u00b9k\u02b0u\u2075\u00b3 community; (4) Mianning County, Shaba Town \u6c99\u57bb\u9547, Laoya Village \u8001\u9d09\u6751, \u0282a\u2074\u2074pa\u2075\u00b3 community."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.204625, 102.070935], [28.00286, 102.119906]]}",,,bib7087,yes -21-location-2,21,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0727, 101.9565]]}",,,bib5307,no -21-location-3,21,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, Jiulong, Mianning, Xichang and Muli counties""}",,,bib1205,no -21-speaker_number-1,21,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Namuyi population 1,740 out of 22,200 total population (including Han Chinese and Nuosu) in the four locations described in this source.",bib7087,yes -21-speakers-1,21,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Namuyi population 1,740 out of 22,200 total population (including Han Chinese and Nuosu) in the four locations described in this source.",bib7087,yes +21-context-1,21,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nuosu, Chinese, and Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"EXCERPT FROM SOURCE (p. 241): When [the first author's family] was asked why they insisted on speaking Nuosu to family members, they replied, ""It is stupid to speak such a useless language as Namuyi these days. We have to communicate with our Nuosu friends in Nuosu. There are only a very few people who speak Namuyi. It's just like walking off a cliff with your eyes closed if you only speak Namuyi and refuse to speak Nuosu."" When the author asked why their two seven year-old children only spoke and understood Chinese, they replied, ""Who doesn't want their kids to find a good job, settle down, and have a comfortable family life? We should have our kids learn Chinese to help them find a job, shouldn't we?""",bib7111,yes +21-context-2,21,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tibetan, Chinese""}",,Included in the Tibetan nationality. Follow Tibetan Buddhism.,bib1214,no +21-location-1,21,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. Four villages (named in this source): (1) Xichang City, Minsheng Township \u6c11\u52dd\u9109, Dashui Village \u5927\u6c34\u6751, d\u0290\u0259\u00b9\u00b9qu\u00b9\u00b9 community; (2) Xichang City, Xiangshui Township \u97ff\u6c34\u9109, Xiangshui Village \u97ff\u6c34\u6751, d\u0291a\u2075\u00b3qa\u2075\u00b3tu\u00b9\u00b9 community; (3) Mianning County, Zeyuan Township \u6cfd\u9060\u9109, Dongfeng Village \u6771\u98a8\u6751, \u0255a\u00b9\u00b9ma\u00b9\u00b9k\u02b0u\u2075\u00b3 community; (4) Mianning County, Shaba Town \u6c99\u57bb\u9547, Laoya Village \u8001\u9d09\u6751, \u0282a\u2074\u2074pa\u2075\u00b3 community."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.204625, 102.070935], [28.00286, 102.119906]]}",,,bib7111,yes +21-location-2,21,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0727, 101.9565]]}",,,bib5330,no +21-location-3,21,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, Jiulong, Mianning, Xichang and Muli counties""}",,,bib1214,no +21-speaker_number-1,21,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Namuyi population 1,740 out of 22,200 total population (including Han Chinese and Nuosu) in the four locations described in this source.",bib7111,yes +21-speakers-1,21,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Namuyi population 1,740 out of 22,200 total population (including Han Chinese and Nuosu) in the four locations described in this source.",bib7111,yes 21-speaker_number-2,21,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib65,no 21-speakers-2,21,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib65,no -21-speaker_number-3,21,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -21-speakers-3,21,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no -21-LEI-1,21,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7087,yes -21-transmission-1,21,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7087,yes -21-domains_of_use-1,21,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7087,yes -21-speaker_number_trends-1,21,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7087,yes -21-vitality-1,21,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7087,yes +21-speaker_number-3,21,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +21-speakers-3,21,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no +21-LEI-1,21,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7111,yes +21-transmission-1,21,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7111,yes +21-domains_of_use-1,21,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7111,yes +21-speaker_number_trends-1,21,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7111,yes +21-vitality-1,21,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is well preserved in the communities of dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, dʐə¹¹qu¹¹, and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³ –– particularly so in dʑa⁵³qa⁵³tu¹¹, where only residents under the age of twenty who have attended primary school can speak Chinese. In dʐə¹¹qu¹¹ and ʂa⁴⁴pa⁵³, Namuyi residents speak Namuyi among themselves and fluent Nuosu and passable Chinese to people who prefer to speak those languages. Namuyi is less well preserved in ɕa¹¹ma¹¹kʰu⁵³, where almost all Namuyi people also speak Nuosu and Chinese: residents born before 1955 speak Namuyi to each other, but while younger people understand a great deal of Namuyi, they prefer to converse in Nuosu or Chinese.",bib7111,yes 21-LEI-2,21,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib65,no 21-vitality-2,21,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib65,no -21-LEI-3,21,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -21-vitality-3,21,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +21-LEI-3,21,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +21-vitality-3,21,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 2105-location-1,2105,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2105-location-2,2105,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.02334685, 134.7195148]]}",,,bib1182,no -2105-speaker_number-1,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,yes -2105-speakers-1,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,yes +2105-location-2,2105,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.02334685, 134.7195148]]}",,,bib1191,no +2105-speaker_number-1,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,yes +2105-speakers-1,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,yes 2105-speaker_number-2,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2105-speakers-2,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2105-speaker_number-3,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2105-speakers-3,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no 2105-speaker_number-4,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2105-speakers-4,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2105-speaker_number-5,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2943,no -2105-speakers-5,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2943,no -2105-LEI-1,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -2105-vitality-1,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +2105-speaker_number-5,2105,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2957,no +2105-speakers-5,2105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2957,no +2105-LEI-1,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +2105-vitality-1,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 2105-LEI-2,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2105-vitality-2,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2105-LEI-3,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2105-vitality-3,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 2105-LEI-4,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2105-vitality-4,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2105-LEI-5,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2943,no -2105-vitality-5,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2943,no +2105-LEI-5,2105,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2957,no +2105-vitality-5,2105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2957,no 2110-location-1,2110,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Vaup\u00e9s and Amazonas departments, Cananar\u00ed River, tributary of the Apaporis and Vaup\u00e9s.""}",,,bib67,no 2110-location-2,2110,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas and Vaupés departments: Cananarí River area, tributary of the Apaporis and Vaupés.",bib70,no -2110-location-3,2110,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.1208, -71.1474]]}",,,bib5307,no -2110-location-4,2110,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,yes +2110-location-3,2110,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.1208, -71.1474]]}",,,bib5330,no +2110-location-4,2110,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,yes 2110-speaker_number-1,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2110-speakers-1,2110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 2110-speaker_number-2,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,270 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no 2110-speakers-2,2110,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,270 (Civallero 2008). Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007).,bib70,no -2110-speaker_number-3,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,yes -2110-speakers-3,2110,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,yes +2110-speaker_number-3,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,yes +2110-speakers-3,2110,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,yes 2110-speaker_number-4,2110,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2110-speakers-4,2110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2110-speaker_number-5,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Arango y Sánchez 2004: 311; Censo 2005: 233.,bib6064,no -2110-speakers-5,2110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""311"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Arango y Sánchez 2004: 311; Censo 2005: 233.,bib6064,no +2110-speaker_number-5,2110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Arango y Sánchez 2004: 311; Censo 2005: 233.,bib6088,no +2110-speakers-5,2110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""311"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Arango y Sánchez 2004: 311; Censo 2005: 233.,bib6088,no 2110-LEI-1,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2110-vitality-1,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2110-LEI-2,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2110-vitality-2,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2110-LEI-3,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2110-vitality-3,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +2110-LEI-3,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2110-vitality-3,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 2110-LEI-4,2110,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2110-vitality-4,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2110-LEI-5,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -2110-vitality-5,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -2111-context-1,2111,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a state bilingual school.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2111-location-1,2111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.146, -73.4765]]}",,,bib5307,no -2111-location-2,2111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Junin, on the Poyeni River; Department of Cuzco, on the Agueni River.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2111-location-3,2111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Huipaya River, in Satipo Province (Jun\u00edn Region) and La Convenci\u00f3n Province (Cusco Region), Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2110-LEI-5,2110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +2110-vitality-5,2110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +2111-context-1,2111,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is a state bilingual school.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2111-location-1,2111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.146, -73.4765]]}",,,bib5330,no +2111-location-2,2111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Junin, on the Poyeni River; Department of Cuzco, on the Agueni River.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2111-location-3,2111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Huipaya River, in Satipo Province (Jun\u00edn Region) and La Convenci\u00f3n Province (Cusco Region), Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2111-location-4,2111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Cusco and Junin regions; Poyeni, Mayapo, and Picha rivers, upper Poyeni River, which flows into Tambo Yori and Agueni rivers which become the Mipaya River flowing into the Urubamba; a few on Sensa and Vitiricaya rivers, affluents of the Urubamba.""}",,"Cusco and Junin regions; Poyeni, Mayapo, and Picha rivers, upper Poyeni River, which flows into Tambo Yori and Agueni rivers which become the Mipaya River flowing into the Urubamba; a few on Sensa and Vitiricaya rivers, affluents of the Urubamba.",bib67,no -2111-speaker_number-1,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2111-speakers-1,2111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2111-speaker_number-2,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,yes -2111-speakers-2,2111,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,yes -2111-speaker_number-3,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(Dirección General de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y Rural del Minedu, 2012)",bib8124,no -2111-speakers-3,2111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(Dirección General de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y Rural del Minedu, 2012)",bib8124,no +2111-speaker_number-1,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2111-speakers-1,2111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2111-speaker_number-2,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,yes +2111-speakers-2,2111,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,yes +2111-speaker_number-3,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(Dirección General de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y Rural del Minedu, 2012)",bib8149,no +2111-speakers-3,2111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(Dirección General de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y Rural del Minedu, 2012)",bib8149,no 2111-speaker_number-4,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2111-speakers-4,2111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2111-speaker_number-5,2111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2111-speakers-5,2111,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2111-LEI-1,2111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2111-vitality-1,2111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2111-LEI-2,2111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2111-vitality-2,2111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes -2111-LEI-3,2111,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8124,no -2111-transmission-3,2111,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8124,no -2111-vitality-3,2111,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8124,no +2111-LEI-1,2111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2111-vitality-1,2111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2111-LEI-2,2111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2111-vitality-2,2111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes +2111-LEI-3,2111,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8149,no +2111-transmission-3,2111,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8149,no +2111-vitality-3,2111,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is spoken by all generations of the Caquinte people.,bib8149,no 2111-LEI-4,2111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2111-vitality-4,2111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2111-LEI-5,2111,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. Mostly spoken in the local community. Letter-writing between villages. All ages. Positive attitudes.,bib67,no 2111-transmission-5,2111,transmission,0,transmission-0,Vigorous. Mostly spoken in the local community. Letter-writing between villages. All ages. Positive attitudes.,bib67,no 2111-vitality-5,2111,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Vigorous. Mostly spoken in the local community. Letter-writing between villages. All ages. Positive attitudes.,bib67,no -2113-location-1,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"In 1969 [they] live[d] in the upper River Puré/upper River Bernardo area, between the Putumayo and Caquetá rivers in the Colombian Amazon region.",bib6692,yes +2113-location-1,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"In 1969 [they] live[d] in the upper River Puré/upper River Bernardo area, between the Putumayo and Caquetá rivers in the Colombian Amazon region.",bib6716,yes 2113-location-2,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas Department, halfway between the San Bernardo and Pure rivers. At least 3 long houses.",bib67,no -2113-location-3,2113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6666, -70.3333]]}",,,bib5307,no -2113-location-4,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Amazonas, on the right bank of the Caqueta and on the San Bernardo River.""}",,,bib1903,no -2113-location-5,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +2113-location-3,2113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6666, -70.3333]]}",,,bib5330,no +2113-location-4,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Amazonas, on the right bank of the Caqueta and on the San Bernardo River.""}",,,bib1915,no +2113-location-5,2113,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 2113-speakers-1,2113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Uncertain""}",,"In early 1969, a local Colombian and a local Miraña Indian undertook an expedition to the Carabayo's territory. When they did not return, a military commission that was sent to rescue them made violent contact with the Carabayo people and took one family hostage. This family, consisting of an adult couple and three children, was then held in the boarding school of the Capuchin mission in the Colombian town La Pedrera for a few weeks before they were ‘repatriated’. -All that is known of this language comes from the brief words taken down in 1969.",bib6692,yes +All that is known of this language comes from the brief words taken down in 1969.",bib6716,yes 2113-speaker_number-2,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 2113-speakers-2,2113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -2113-speaker_number-3,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2113-speakers-3,2113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2113-speaker_number-3,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2113-speakers-3,2113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2113-speaker_number-4,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2113-speakers-4,2113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2113-speaker_number-5,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2113-speakers-5,2113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""217"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""217"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2113-speaker_number-5,2113,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2113-speakers-5,2113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""217"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""217"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2113-LEI-1,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2113-vitality-1,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2113-LEI-2,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2113-vitality-2,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2113-LEI-2,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2113-vitality-2,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2113-LEI-3,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2113-vitality-3,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2113-LEI-4,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2113-vitality-4,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2113-LEI-4,2113,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2113-vitality-4,2113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2114-location-1,2114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, -56.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2114-location-2,2114,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana"", ""Suriname"", ""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Guyana""]}",,"Monagas and Anzoategui states, northeast near the mouth of the Orinoco River, some in Bolivar state, just south of the Orinoco.",bib67,no -2114-location-3,2114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5307,no -2114-location-4,2114,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname""], ""Description"": ""Suriname: villages along the coast and up to 30 km inland from the coast.""}",,,bib1903,no -2114-location-5,2114,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Venezuela and Suriname""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2114-location-3,2114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5330,no +2114-location-4,2114,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname""], ""Description"": ""Suriname: villages along the coast and up to 30 km inland from the coast.""}",,,bib1915,no +2114-location-5,2114,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, French Guiana, Venezuela and Suriname""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2114-speaker_number-1,2114,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(7358 [2016].),bib67,no 2114-speakers-1,2114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,679"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(7358 [2016].),bib67,no -2114-speaker_number-2,2114,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2114-speakers-2,2114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,066"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2114-speaker_number-2,2114,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2114-speakers-2,2114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,066"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2114-speaker_number-4,2114,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2114-speakers-4,2114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,226"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2114-speaker_number-5,2114,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are an unknown number of elder speakers among an ethnic population of 66 people in Brazil, 2,400 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,000 in French Guiana, less than 5,000 speakers among an ethnic population of 16,686 people (2001) in Venezuela, and 1200 speakers out of an ethnic population of 3,000 people in Suriname.",bib1902,yes -2114-speakers-5,2114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23752"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are an unknown number of elder speakers among an ethnic population of 66 people in Brazil, 2,400 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,000 in French Guiana, less than 5,000 speakers among an ethnic population of 16,686 people (2001) in Venezuela, and 1200 speakers out of an ethnic population of 3,000 people in Suriname.",bib1902,yes -2114-LEI-1,2114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7961,no -2114-transmission-1,2114,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7961,no -2114-domains_of_use-1,2114,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7961,no -2114-vitality-1,2114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7961,no +2114-speaker_number-5,2114,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are an unknown number of elder speakers among an ethnic population of 66 people in Brazil, 2,400 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,000 in French Guiana, less than 5,000 speakers among an ethnic population of 16,686 people (2001) in Venezuela, and 1200 speakers out of an ethnic population of 3,000 people in Suriname.",bib1914,yes +2114-speakers-5,2114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23752"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are an unknown number of elder speakers among an ethnic population of 66 people in Brazil, 2,400 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,000 in French Guiana, less than 5,000 speakers among an ethnic population of 16,686 people (2001) in Venezuela, and 1200 speakers out of an ethnic population of 3,000 people in Suriname.",bib1914,yes +2114-LEI-1,2114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7986,no +2114-transmission-1,2114,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7986,no +2114-domains_of_use-1,2114,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7986,no +2114-vitality-1,2114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Fluent native speakers aged 65 and above use the language as the primary language of communication amongst themselves. Members of the ‘middle’ generation, comprised of native speakers who are approximately 45 to 65 years old, use Kari’nja with their elder parents, but speak primarily Sranan Tongo or Dutch with each other and with their children and grandchildren. Young adults, aged 20 to 40, are native ‘understanders,’ but rarely speak the language. Children are not currently acquiring the language natively, but do receive some instruction in the language at school. There are also evening classes aimed primarily at young adult parents of school-aged children.",bib7986,no 2114-LEI-2,2114,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2114-vitality-2,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2114-LEI-3,2114,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2114-vitality-3,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2114-LEI-3,2114,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2114-vitality-3,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2114-LEI-4,2114,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2114-vitality-4,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2114-LEI-5,2114,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2114-vitality-5,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2114-LEI-5,2114,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2114-vitality-5,2114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2115-context-1,2115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib68,no 2115-location-1,2115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -72.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2115-location-2,2115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.2743, -70.1147]]}",,,bib5307,no -2115-location-3,2115,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Amazonas, near La Pedrera, Dept. of Guaviare, on the Upper Vaupes, near Miraflores.""}",,,bib1903,no +2115-location-2,2115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.2743, -70.1147]]}",,,bib5330,no +2115-location-3,2115,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Amazonas, near La Pedrera, Dept. of Guaviare, on the Upper Vaupes, near Miraflores.""}",,,bib1915,no 2115-location-4,2115,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Guaviare Department, southeast of Lake Espajo, Miraflores municipality""}",,,bib68,no -2115-location-5,2115,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2115-speaker_number-1,2115,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2115-speakers-1,2115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2115-speaker_number-2,2115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2115-speakers-2,2115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2115-location-5,2115,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2115-speaker_number-1,2115,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2115-speakers-1,2115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2115-speaker_number-2,2115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2115-speakers-2,2115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2115-speaker_number-3,2115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""6 speakers near La Pedrera and a few more near Miraflores"". (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 2115-speakers-3,2115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""6 speakers near La Pedrera and a few more near Miraflores"". (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 2115-speaker_number-4,2115,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2115-speakers-4,2115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2115-speaker_number-5,2115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,yes -2115-speakers-5,2115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,yes -2115-LEI-1,2115,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2115-vitality-1,2115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2115-LEI-2,2115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2115-vitality-2,2115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2115-speaker_number-5,2115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,yes +2115-speakers-5,2115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,yes +2115-LEI-1,2115,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2115-vitality-1,2115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2115-LEI-2,2115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2115-vitality-2,2115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2115-LEI-3,2115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2115-transmission-3,2115,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 2115-speaker_number_trends-3,2115,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib68,no 2115-vitality-3,2115,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no 2115-LEI-4,2115,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2115-vitality-4,2115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2115-LEI-5,2115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2115-transmission-5,2115,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,yes -2115-speaker_number_trends-5,2115,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,yes -2115-vitality-5,2115,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,yes +2115-LEI-5,2115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2115-transmission-5,2115,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,yes +2115-speaker_number_trends-5,2115,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,yes +2115-vitality-5,2115,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,yes 2116-context-1,2116,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 2116-location-1,2116,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.5, -75.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2116-location-2,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Departments of Hu\u00e1nuco and Ucayali""}",,,bib8024,no +2116-location-2,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Departments of Hu\u00e1nuco and Ucayali""}",,,bib8049,no 2116-location-3,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Ucayali, Loreto, and Huanuco regions; Aguayt\u00eda, San Alejandro, and S\u00fangaro rivers.""}",,"Ucayali, Loreto, and Huanuco regions; Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers.",bib67,yes 2116-location-4,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Huanuco, Loreto, and Ucayali regions: Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers. Some in voluntary isolation in the headwaters of the Pisqui, Aguaytía, San Alejandro, Sungaruyacu, and Pozuzo rivers.",bib70,no -2116-location-5,2116,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.9393, -75.0915]]}",,,bib5307,no -2116-location-6,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1903,no -2116-location-7,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Aguayt\u00eda, San Alejandro, and Sungaroyacu rivers, in the departments of Hu\u00e1nuco and Ucayali, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no -2116-speaker_number-1,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the most recent Census of Indigenous Communities of the Peruvian Amazon (INEI: 2007), currently the Kashibo-Kakataibo number about 1879. However, the Kashibo- Kakataibo‘s political organization (FENACOCA) considered that their number was around 3,000 or 3,500 in 2007 (Fernando Estrella, pc.). This number is the one that I preliminarily assume to be correct.",bib8024,no -2116-speakers-1,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 - 5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the most recent Census of Indigenous Communities of the Peruvian Amazon (INEI: 2007), currently the Kashibo-Kakataibo number about 1879. However, the Kashibo- Kakataibo‘s political organization (FENACOCA) considered that their number was around 3,000 or 3,500 in 2007 (Fernando Estrella, pc.). This number is the one that I preliminarily assume to be correct.",bib8024,no +2116-location-5,2116,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.9393, -75.0915]]}",,,bib5330,no +2116-location-6,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1915,no +2116-location-7,2116,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Aguayt\u00eda, San Alejandro, and Sungaroyacu rivers, in the departments of Hu\u00e1nuco and Ucayali, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no +2116-speaker_number-1,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the most recent Census of Indigenous Communities of the Peruvian Amazon (INEI: 2007), currently the Kashibo-Kakataibo number about 1879. However, the Kashibo- Kakataibo‘s political organization (FENACOCA) considered that their number was around 3,000 or 3,500 in 2007 (Fernando Estrella, pc.). This number is the one that I preliminarily assume to be correct.",bib8049,no +2116-speakers-1,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 - 5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the most recent Census of Indigenous Communities of the Peruvian Amazon (INEI: 2007), currently the Kashibo-Kakataibo number about 1879. However, the Kashibo- Kakataibo‘s political organization (FENACOCA) considered that their number was around 3,000 or 3,500 in 2007 (Fernando Estrella, pc.). This number is the one that I preliminarily assume to be correct.",bib8049,no 2116-speaker_number-2,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Some women over 50 [are] monolingual.,bib67,yes 2116-speakers-2,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Some women over 50 [are] monolingual.,bib67,yes 2116-speaker_number-3,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Some women over 50 monolingual.,bib70,no 2116-speakers-3,2116,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Some women over 50 monolingual.,bib70,no -2116-speaker_number-4,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2116-speakers-4,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2116-speaker_number-5,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2116-speakers-5,2116,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150-1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,150-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2116-speaker_number-4,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2116-speakers-4,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2116-speaker_number-5,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2116-speakers-5,2116,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,150-1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,150-1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2116-speaker_number-6,2116,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2116-speakers-6,2116,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2116-LEI-1,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8024,no -2116-vitality-1,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8024,no +2116-LEI-1,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8049,no +2116-vitality-1,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8049,no 2116-LEI-2,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2116-vitality-2,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2116-LEI-3,2116,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language,bib70,no 2116-transmission-3,2116,transmission,1,transmission-1,All children acquire the language,bib70,no 2116-vitality-3,2116,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All children acquire the language,bib70,no -2116-LEI-4,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2116-vitality-4,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2116-LEI-5,2116,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -2116-transmission-5,2116,transmission,0,transmission-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -2116-speaker_number_trends-5,2116,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no -2116-vitality-5,2116,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All children acquire the language.,bib1903,no +2116-LEI-4,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2116-vitality-4,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2116-LEI-5,2116,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +2116-transmission-5,2116,transmission,0,transmission-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +2116-speaker_number_trends-5,2116,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no +2116-vitality-5,2116,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All children acquire the language.,bib1915,no 2116-LEI-6,2116,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2116-vitality-6,2116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2118-context-1,2118,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nobonob [gaw], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,Heavy influence from Nobonob [gaw] and Tok Pisin [tpi] (Wurm 2007).,bib68,no -2118-context-2,2118,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Garuh, Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Garuh, and Tok Pisin, which is taking its toll.",bib7937,yes +2118-context-2,2118,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Garuh, Tok Pisin""}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Garuh, and Tok Pisin, which is taking its toll.",bib7962,yes 2118-location-1,2118,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, headwaters of the Gogol river, west of Mabanob, northwest of Madang town.""}",,,bib68,no -2118-location-2,2118,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0454, 145.5822]]}",,,bib5307,no -2118-location-3,2118,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken at the headwaters of the Gogol River, west of Mabanob, northwest of Madang town.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2118-location-2,2118,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0454, 145.5822]]}",,,bib5330,no +2118-location-3,2118,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken at the headwaters of the Gogol River, west of Mabanob, northwest of Madang town.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2118-speaker_number-1,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2000),bib68,no 2118-speakers-1,2118,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib68,no -2118-speaker_number-2,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2118-speakers-2,2118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2118-speaker_number-3,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Today, the number of speakers is still around 60.",bib7937,yes -2118-speakers-3,2118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Today, the number of speakers is still around 60.",bib7937,yes +2118-speaker_number-2,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2118-speakers-2,2118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2118-speaker_number-3,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Today, the number of speakers is still around 60.",bib7962,yes +2118-speakers-3,2118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Today, the number of speakers is still around 60.",bib7962,yes 2118-speaker_number-4,2118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2118-speakers-4,2118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2118-LEI-1,2118,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2118-vitality-1,2118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2118-LEI-2,2118,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2118-vitality-2,2118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2118-LEI-3,2118,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2118-speaker_number_trends-3,2118,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7937,yes -2118-vitality-3,2118,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,yes +2118-LEI-2,2118,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2118-vitality-2,2118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2118-LEI-3,2118,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2118-speaker_number_trends-3,2118,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7962,yes +2118-vitality-3,2118,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,yes 2118-LEI-4,2118,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2118-vitality-4,2118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2119-context-1,2119,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Amako""}",,,bib5914,yes -2119-context-2,2119,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mauwake, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2119-location-1,2119,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the coast near the Kumil River in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.6, 145.44]]}",,,bib5914,yes -2119-location-2,2119,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.586, 145.4184]]}",,,bib5307,no -2119-location-3,2119,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken in the northeastern part of Madang Province, just south of the lower Kumil River, due south of Sikor.""}",,,bib7937,no +2119-context-1,2119,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Amako""}",,,bib5938,yes +2119-context-2,2119,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mauwake, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2119-location-1,2119,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the coast near the Kumil River in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.6, 145.44]]}",,,bib5938,yes +2119-location-2,2119,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.586, 145.4184]]}",,,bib5330,no +2119-location-3,2119,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken in the northeastern part of Madang Province, just south of the lower Kumil River, due south of Sikor.""}",,,bib7962,no 2119-location-4,2119,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2119-speaker_number-1,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5914,yes -2119-speakers-1,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen speakers or less"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5914,yes -2119-speaker_number-2,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2119-speakers-2,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2119-speaker_number-3,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of speakers is roughly the same today.,bib7937,no -2119-speakers-3,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The number of speakers is roughly the same today.,bib7937,no +2119-speaker_number-1,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5938,yes +2119-speakers-1,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen speakers or less"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5938,yes +2119-speaker_number-2,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2119-speakers-2,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2119-speaker_number-3,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of speakers is roughly the same today.,bib7962,no +2119-speakers-3,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The number of speakers is roughly the same today.,bib7962,no 2119-speaker_number-4,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2119-speakers-4,2119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2119-speaker_number-5,2119,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2119-speakers-5,2119,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2119-LEI-1,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5914,yes -2119-transmission-1,2119,transmission,2,transmission-2,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5914,yes -2119-speaker_number_trends-1,2119,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5914,yes -2119-vitality-1,2119,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5914,yes -2119-LEI-2,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2119-vitality-2,2119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2119-LEI-3,2119,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2119-speaker_number_trends-3,2119,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2119-vitality-3,2119,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2119-LEI-1,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5938,yes +2119-transmission-1,2119,transmission,2,transmission-2,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5938,yes +2119-speaker_number_trends-1,2119,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5938,yes +2119-vitality-1,2119,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Tok Pisin is the primary language for most young speakers.,bib5938,yes +2119-LEI-2,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2119-vitality-2,2119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2119-LEI-3,2119,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2119-speaker_number_trends-3,2119,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2119-vitality-3,2119,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under pressure from large languages such as its northern neighbour Mauwake (or Ulingan) to which it is closely related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2119-LEI-4,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2119-vitality-4,2119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2119-LEI-5,2119,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2119-vitality-5,2119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2120-context-1,2120,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Malas, Mabuso, Mosimo, Wamas"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Gildipasi Konsevesen Komiti grassroots cultural revitalization organization""}",,,bib5914,yes -2120-context-2,2120,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Parawen, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2120-location-1,2120,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the mountainous inland area surrounding the Numugen River in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.93, 145.56]]}",,,bib5914,yes -2120-location-2,2120,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9404, 145.5303]]}",,,bib5307,no -2120-location-3,2120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Madang Province, on the headwaters of the Gilagil River, due east of Kosilanta.""}",,,bib7937,no +2120-context-1,2120,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Malas, Mabuso, Mosimo, Wamas"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Gildipasi Konsevesen Komiti grassroots cultural revitalization organization""}",,,bib5938,yes +2120-context-2,2120,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Parawen, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2120-location-1,2120,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the mountainous inland area surrounding the Numugen River in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.93, 145.56]]}",,,bib5938,yes +2120-location-2,2120,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9404, 145.5303]]}",,,bib5330,no +2120-location-3,2120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Madang Province, on the headwaters of the Gilagil River, due east of Kosilanta.""}",,,bib7962,no 2120-location-4,2120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2120-speaker_number-1,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are many more people in the ethnic community than there are speakers of Karian.,bib5914,yes -2120-speakers-1,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen speakers or less"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are many more people in the ethnic community than there are speakers of Karian.,bib5914,yes -2120-speaker_number-2,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2120-speakers-2,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2120-speaker_number-3,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Recent reports still mention thirty-four speakers.,bib7937,no -2120-speakers-3,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Recent reports still mention thirty-four speakers.,bib7937,no +2120-speaker_number-1,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are many more people in the ethnic community than there are speakers of Karian.,bib5938,yes +2120-speakers-1,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen speakers or less"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are many more people in the ethnic community than there are speakers of Karian.,bib5938,yes +2120-speaker_number-2,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2120-speakers-2,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2120-speaker_number-3,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Recent reports still mention thirty-four speakers.,bib7962,no +2120-speakers-3,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Recent reports still mention thirty-four speakers.,bib7962,no 2120-speaker_number-4,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2120-speakers-4,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2120-speaker_number-5,2120,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2120-speakers-5,2120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -2120-LEI-1,2120,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5914,yes -2120-transmission-1,2120,transmission,2,transmission-2,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5914,yes -2120-speaker_number_trends-1,2120,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5914,yes -2120-vitality-1,2120,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5914,yes -2120-LEI-2,2120,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2120-vitality-2,2120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2120-LEI-3,2120,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2120-speaker_number_trends-3,2120,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2120-vitality-3,2120,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2120-LEI-1,2120,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5938,yes +2120-transmission-1,2120,transmission,2,transmission-2,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5938,yes +2120-speaker_number_trends-1,2120,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5938,yes +2120-vitality-1,2120,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Tok Pisin is the primary language of most young people.,bib5938,yes +2120-LEI-2,2120,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2120-vitality-2,2120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2120-LEI-3,2120,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2120-speaker_number_trends-3,2120,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2120-vitality-3,2120,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under pressure from closely related larger languages such as Parawen, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2120-LEI-4,2120,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2120-vitality-4,2120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2120-LEI-5,2120,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2120-vitality-5,2120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2121-context-1,2121,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dobu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,yes -2121-location-1,2121,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.449, 150.661]]}",,,bib5307,no -2121-location-2,2121,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the central north coast of Fergusson Island.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2121-context-1,2121,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dobu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,yes +2121-location-1,2121,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.449, 150.661]]}",,,bib5330,no +2121-location-2,2121,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the central north coast of Fergusson Island.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2121-location-3,2121,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2121-speaker_number-1,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2121-speakers-1,2121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2121-speaker_number-2,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -2121-speakers-2,2121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes +2121-speaker_number-1,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2121-speakers-1,2121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2121-speaker_number-2,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +2121-speakers-2,2121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes 2121-speaker_number-3,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2121-speakers-3,2121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""614"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2121-speaker_number-4,2121,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 2121-speakers-4,2121,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,525"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no -2121-LEI-1,2121,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2121-vitality-1,2121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2121-LEI-2,2121,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7937,yes -2121-transmission-2,2121,transmission,3,transmission-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7937,yes -2121-speaker_number_trends-2,2121,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7937,yes -2121-vitality-2,2121,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7937,yes +2121-LEI-1,2121,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2121-vitality-1,2121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2121-LEI-2,2121,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7962,yes +2121-transmission-2,2121,transmission,3,transmission-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7962,yes +2121-speaker_number_trends-2,2121,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7962,yes +2121-vitality-2,2121,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The speakers are bilingual in the large Dobu language to which children are switching.,bib7962,yes 2121-LEI-3,2121,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2121-vitality-3,2121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2121-LEI-4,2121,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2121-vitality-4,2121,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2122-context-1,2122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muyuw"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,yes -2122-location-1,2122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.2973, 153.6891]]}",,,bib5307,no -2122-location-2,2122,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the Lachlan Islands, 150km east of Woodlark Island.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2122-context-1,2122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muyuw"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,yes +2122-location-1,2122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.2973, 153.6891]]}",,,bib5330,no +2122-location-2,2122,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the Lachlan Islands, 150km east of Woodlark Island.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2122-location-3,2122,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2122-speaker_number-1,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2122-speakers-1,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2122-speaker_number-2,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -2122-speakers-2,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes +2122-speaker_number-1,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2122-speakers-1,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2122-speaker_number-2,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +2122-speakers-2,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes 2122-speaker_number-3,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2122-speakers-3,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""309"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2122-speaker_number-4,2122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,15%% of speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no 2122-speakers-4,2122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,15%% of speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no -2122-LEI-1,2122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2122-vitality-1,2122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2122-LEI-2,2122,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7937,yes -2122-transmission-2,2122,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7937,yes -2122-speaker_number_trends-2,2122,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7937,yes -2122-vitality-2,2122,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7937,yes +2122-LEI-1,2122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2122-vitality-1,2122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2122-LEI-2,2122,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7962,yes +2122-transmission-2,2122,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7962,yes +2122-speaker_number_trends-2,2122,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7962,yes +2122-vitality-2,2122,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Muyuw, to which children are switching.",bib7962,yes 2122-LEI-3,2122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2122-vitality-3,2122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2122-LEI-4,2122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2122-vitality-4,2122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2123-context-1,2123,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]. Many children and adults unwilling to speak the language.,bib69,no -2123-context-2,2123,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib7937,yes +2123-context-2,2123,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib7962,yes 2123-location-1,2123,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.46666666667, 143.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2123-location-2,2123,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4256, 143.0886]]}",,,bib5307,no -2123-location-3,2123,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""46 villages: Arohemi, Balam, But, Dagua, Japuain, Kauk, Kuminim, Kwotai, Lowan, Magofen, Misuam, Smain, Sowam, Urip, Woginara No. 1, Woginara No. 2, Ahiglium, Belagel, Bonahoitam, Bubuamo, Dunigi, Ilipaiem, Kaboibus, Kairiru, Kuragamon, Malapaiem, Nimbihu, Ulunkohoitu, Yabominu, Chaulagunem, Mendamen, Nagipaem, Nambenogwen, Yalahin, Yamil No. 1, Yamil No. 2, Yamil No. 3, Baranga, Imbia, Loneim, Asaspas, Balup, Malin, Matapau, Walihiga, and Womisis.""}",,,bib4545,no +2123-location-2,2123,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4256, 143.0886]]}",,,bib5330,no +2123-location-3,2123,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""46 villages: Arohemi, Balam, But, Dagua, Japuain, Kauk, Kuminim, Kwotai, Lowan, Magofen, Misuam, Smain, Sowam, Urip, Woginara No. 1, Woginara No. 2, Ahiglium, Belagel, Bonahoitam, Bubuamo, Dunigi, Ilipaiem, Kaboibus, Kairiru, Kuragamon, Malapaiem, Nimbihu, Ulunkohoitu, Yabominu, Chaulagunem, Mendamen, Nagipaem, Nambenogwen, Yalahin, Yamil No. 1, Yamil No. 2, Yamil No. 3, Baranga, Imbia, Loneim, Asaspas, Balup, Malin, Matapau, Walihiga, and Womisis.""}",,,bib4566,no 2123-location-4,2123,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, west Yangoru district, Torricelli mountains; some in Sandaun Province, Attape Lumi district.""}",,,bib69,no -2123-location-5,2123,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province, in the Yangoru District, Torricelli mountains, northeast of Bumbita Arapesh.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2123-speaker_number-1,2123,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.",bib1793,no -2123-speakers-1,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000 - 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.",bib1793,no -2123-speaker_number-2,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2123-speakers-2,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,304"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2123-speaker_number-3,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4545,no -2123-speakers-3,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,304"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4545,no +2123-location-5,2123,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province, in the Yangoru District, Torricelli mountains, northeast of Bumbita Arapesh.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2123-speaker_number-1,2123,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.",bib1805,no +2123-speakers-1,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000 - 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.",bib1805,no +2123-speaker_number-2,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2123-speakers-2,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,304"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2123-speaker_number-3,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4566,no +2123-speakers-3,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,304"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4566,no 2123-speaker_number-4,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2123-speakers-4,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,233"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2123-speaker_number-5,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(SIL),bib69,no 2123-speakers-5,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2123-speaker_number-6,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.",bib7937,yes -2123-speakers-6,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.",bib7937,yes -2123-LEI-1,2123,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1793,no -2123-vitality-1,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1793,no -2123-LEI-2,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2123-vitality-2,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2123-LEI-3,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2123-vitality-3,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2123-speaker_number-6,2123,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.",bib7962,yes +2123-speakers-6,2123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.",bib7962,yes +2123-LEI-1,2123,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1805,no +2123-vitality-1,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1805,no +2123-LEI-2,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2123-vitality-2,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2123-LEI-3,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2123-vitality-3,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2123-LEI-4,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2123-vitality-4,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2123-LEI-5,2123,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2123-vitality-5,2123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2123-LEI-6,2123,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2123-transmission-6,2123,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2123-speaker_number_trends-6,2123,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2123-vitality-6,2123,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2124-location-1,2124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.3515, -70.2026]]}",,,bib5307,no -2124-location-2,2124,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no +2123-LEI-6,2123,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2123-transmission-6,2123,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2123-speaker_number_trends-6,2123,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2123-vitality-6,2123,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2124-location-1,2124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.3515, -70.2026]]}",,,bib5330,no +2124-location-2,2124,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no 2124-location-3,2124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.5, -70.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2124-location-4,2124,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: Inambu, Tiquie, and Papur\u00ed rivers. Brazil: Amazonas.\n\nSoutheast, Vaupes Department, on the Upper Tiqui\u00e9, Papur\u00ed, and Inamb\u00fa along headwaters of the Comeyaca.""}",,"Southeast, Vaupés Department, on the Upper Tiquié, Papurí, and Inambú along headwaters of the Comeyaca.",bib67,yes -2124-speaker_number-1,2124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2124-speakers-1,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2124-speaker_number-2,2124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2124-speakers-2,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,173"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2124-speaker_number-1,2124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2124-speakers-1,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2124-speaker_number-2,2124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2124-speakers-2,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,173"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2124-speaker_number-3,2124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2124-speakers-3,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""815"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2124-speaker_number-4,2124,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"350 in Colombia (1995 SIL). 460 in Brazil (1995). @@ -19756,50 +19884,50 @@ Some in voluntary isolation in the headwaters of the Pisqui, Aguaytía, San Alej 2124-speakers-4,2124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"350 in Colombia (1995 SIL). 460 in Brazil (1995). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,yes -2124-LEI-1,2124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2124-vitality-1,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2124-LEI-2,2124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2124-vitality-2,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2124-LEI-1,2124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2124-vitality-1,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2124-LEI-2,2124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2124-vitality-2,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2124-LEI-3,2124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2124-vitality-3,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2124-LEI-4,2124,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2124-vitality-4,2124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2127-location-1,2127,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia, Branco River, tributary of the Guapor\u00e9, Pororoca Post. Reportedly others upstream on the Rio Branco.""}",,"Rondônia State, Branco River, tributary of the Guaporé, Pororoca Post.",bib67,no -2127-location-2,2127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0876, -62.4792]]}",,,bib5307,no -2127-location-3,2127,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southern and western Rondonia State, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco""}",,,bib1903,no -2127-location-4,2127,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2127-location-2,2127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0876, -62.4792]]}",,,bib5330,no +2127-location-3,2127,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southern and western Rondonia State, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco""}",,,bib1915,no +2127-location-4,2127,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2127-speaker_number-1,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,340 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 380 (2013).,bib67,no 2127-speakers-1,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""378"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,340 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 380 (2013).,bib67,no -2127-speaker_number-2,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2127-speakers-2,2127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2127-speaker_number-3,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2127-speakers-3,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2127-speaker_number-2,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2127-speakers-2,2127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2127-speaker_number-3,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2127-speakers-3,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2127-speaker_number-4,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2127-speakers-4,2127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2127-speaker_number-5,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8132,no -2127-speakers-5,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""394"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8132,no -2127-speaker_number-6,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2127-speakers-6,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""433"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2005), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2127-speaker_number-5,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8157,no +2127-speakers-5,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""394"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8157,no +2127-speaker_number-6,2127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2127-speakers-6,2127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""433"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2005), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2127-LEI-1,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2127-vitality-1,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2127-LEI-2,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2127-vitality-2,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2127-LEI-3,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2127-vitality-3,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2127-LEI-2,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2127-vitality-2,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2127-LEI-3,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2127-vitality-3,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2127-LEI-4,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2127-vitality-4,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2127-LEI-5,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -2127-vitality-5,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -2127-LEI-6,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2127-vitality-6,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2127-LEI-5,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +2127-vitality-5,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +2127-LEI-6,2127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2127-vitality-6,2127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2129-location-1,2129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.5, -69.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2129-location-2,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: Amazonas. Wasonas primarily in Yacayac\u00e1 village. Colombia: Upper Papur\u00ed River and tributaries.""}",,,bib67,no 2129-location-3,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state. In Colombia: Vaupés department: upper Papurí river and tributaries.",bib70,no -2129-location-4,2129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.6921, -69.8291]]}",,,bib5307,no -2129-location-5,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no -2129-location-6,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8123,no -2129-location-7,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2129-location-4,2129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.6921, -69.8291]]}",,,bib5330,no +2129-location-5,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no +2129-location-6,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8148,no +2129-location-7,2129,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2129-speaker_number-1,2129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,630 in Brazil (1986 SIL). 46 Wasona speakers, 16 of them intermarried with other groups (González de Pérez 2000). 4,600 in Brazil (Moore 2006). Population total all countries: 6,600 (2013).",bib67,no @@ -19808,519 +19936,519 @@ In Colombia: Vaupés department: upper Papurí river and tributaries.",bib70,no 4,600 in Brazil (Moore 2006). Population total all countries: 6,600 (2013).",bib67,no 2129-speaker_number-2,2129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 2129-speakers-2,2129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -2129-speaker_number-3,2129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2129-speakers-3,2129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,025"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2129-speaker_number-3,2129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2129-speakers-3,2129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,025"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2129-speaker_number-5,2129,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2129-speakers-5,2129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2129-speakers-6,2129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2104"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1460 (in Colombia only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997""}",,"1,460 speak well, 158 understand and speak little, 195 understand and don't speak.",bib8123,no -2129-speaker_number-7,2129,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,000 speakers and an ethnic population of 6,241 people in Brazil [sic]; 6,996 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia.",bib1902,yes -2129-speakers-7,2129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,237"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,996"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,000 speakers and an ethnic population of 6,241 people in Brazil [sic]; 6,996 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia.",bib1902,yes +2129-speakers-6,2129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2104"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1460 (in Colombia only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997""}",,"1,460 speak well, 158 understand and speak little, 195 understand and don't speak.",bib8148,no +2129-speaker_number-7,2129,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,000 speakers and an ethnic population of 6,241 people in Brazil [sic]; 6,996 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia.",bib1914,yes +2129-speakers-7,2129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,237"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,996"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,000 speakers and an ethnic population of 6,241 people in Brazil [sic]; 6,996 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia.",bib1914,yes 2129-LEI-1,2129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2129-vitality-1,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2129-LEI-2,2129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2129-vitality-2,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2129-LEI-3,2129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2129-vitality-3,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2129-LEI-3,2129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2129-vitality-3,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2129-LEI-4,2129,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2129-vitality-4,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2129-LEI-5,2129,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2129-vitality-5,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2129-LEI-5,2129,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2129-vitality-5,2129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2131-context-1,2131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,no 2131-context-2,2131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib70,no 2131-location-1,2131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -79.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2131-location-2,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern jungle west of Quito, around Santo Domingo de los Colorados""}",,"Southeastern Pinchincha Province, along Chihuepe, Baba, Tahuazo and Poste rivers.",bib67,no 2131-location-3,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas province: provincial capital area.,bib70,no -2131-location-4,2131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.25, -79.15]]}",,,bib5307,no -2131-location-5,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1903,no -2131-location-6,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2131-location-4,2131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.25, -79.15]]}",,,bib5330,no +2131-location-5,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1915,no +2131-location-6,2131,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2131-speaker_number-1,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 2131-speakers-1,2131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 2131-speaker_number-2,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 2131-speakers-2,2131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2912 (speakers), 2000 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -2131-speaker_number-3,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2131-speakers-3,2131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2131-speaker_number-4,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2131-speakers-4,2131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2131-speaker_number-3,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2131-speakers-3,2131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2131-speaker_number-4,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2131-speakers-4,2131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2131-speaker_number-5,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2131-speakers-5,2131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2131-speaker_number-6,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2131-speakers-6,2131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,484"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,872"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2131-speaker_number-6,2131,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2131-speakers-6,2131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,484"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,872"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2131-LEI-1,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2131-vitality-1,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2131-LEI-2,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2131-vitality-2,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2131-LEI-3,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2131-vitality-3,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2131-LEI-4,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2131-vitality-4,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2131-LEI-3,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2131-vitality-3,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2131-LEI-4,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2131-vitality-4,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2131-LEI-5,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2131-vitality-5,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2131-LEI-6,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2131-vitality-6,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2132-context-1,2132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib3139,yes +2131-LEI-6,2131,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2131-vitality-6,2131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2132-context-1,2132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib3154,yes 2132-context-3,2132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib70,no -2132-location-1,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Xingu Indigenous Reserve, 3 villages: Três Lagoas, Boa Esperan, Steinen.",bib3139,yes +2132-location-1,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Xingu Indigenous Reserve, 3 villages: Três Lagoas, Boa Esperan, Steinen.",bib3154,yes 2132-location-2,2132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.9166666667, -53.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2132-location-3,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Xing\u00fa Park, source of Xing\u00fa River, villages along banks""}",,"Mato Grosso, Xingú Park, source of Xingú River, villages along the banks.",bib67,no 2132-location-4,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso state: Xingú Park, source of Xingú River, villages along banks.",bib70,no -2132-location-5,2132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8807, -53.6009]]}",,,bib5307,no -2132-location-6,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""], ""Description"": ""some villages along the banks of the Xingu River source""}",,The Trumai are the last group that arrived in the Xingu Indigenous Park,bib1903,no -2132-location-7,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -2132-speaker_number-1,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are 50 people who can speak Trumai, with different degrees of knowledge of the language.",bib3139,yes -2132-speakers-1,2132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014(?)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are 50 people who can speak Trumai, with different degrees of knowledge of the language.",bib3139,yes +2132-location-5,2132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8807, -53.6009]]}",,,bib5330,no +2132-location-6,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""], ""Description"": ""some villages along the banks of the Xingu River source""}",,The Trumai are the last group that arrived in the Xingu Indigenous Park,bib1915,no +2132-location-7,2132,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +2132-speaker_number-1,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are 50 people who can speak Trumai, with different degrees of knowledge of the language.",bib3154,yes +2132-speakers-1,2132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014(?)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are 50 people who can speak Trumai, with different degrees of knowledge of the language.",bib3154,yes 2132-speaker_number-2,2132,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,51 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 120 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib67,no 2132-speakers-2,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,51 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 120 (Moore 2006) (2013).,bib67,no 2132-speaker_number-3,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib70,no 2132-speakers-3,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib70,no -2132-speaker_number-4,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2132-speakers-4,2132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2132-speaker_number-5,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2132-speakers-5,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +2132-speaker_number-4,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2132-speakers-4,2132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2132-speaker_number-5,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2132-speakers-5,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2132-speaker_number-6,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2132-speakers-6,2132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""78"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2132-speaker_number-7,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -2132-speakers-7,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""147"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2007), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no -2132-LEI-1,2132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3139,yes -2132-transmission-1,2132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3139,yes -2132-speaker_number_trends-1,2132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3139,yes -2132-vitality-1,2132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3139,yes +2132-speaker_number-7,2132,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +2132-speakers-7,2132,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""147"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2007), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no +2132-LEI-1,2132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3154,yes +2132-transmission-1,2132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3154,yes +2132-speaker_number_trends-1,2132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3154,yes +2132-vitality-1,2132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3154,yes 2132-LEI-2,2132,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2132-vitality-2,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2132-LEI-3,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2132-vitality-3,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2132-LEI-4,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2132-vitality-4,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2132-LEI-5,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2132-vitality-5,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2132-LEI-4,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2132-vitality-4,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2132-LEI-5,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2132-vitality-5,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2132-LEI-6,2132,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2132-vitality-6,2132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2132-LEI-7,2132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2132-transmission-7,2132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,no -2132-speaker_number_trends-7,2132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,no -2132-vitality-7,2132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,no +2132-LEI-7,2132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2132-transmission-7,2132,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,no +2132-speaker_number_trends-7,2132,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,no +2132-vitality-7,2132,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,no 2137-context-1,2137,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch""}",,"All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik].",bib67,no 2137-context-2,2137,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dutch"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school.""}",,"Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik].",bib70,no 2137-location-1,2137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.25, -55.75]]}",,,bib216,no 2137-location-2,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Suriname: South central, Tepoe and Alalapadu villages. Brazil: Par\u00e1, Rio Mapari""}",,"South, Palumeu on Palumeu River; Tëpu on Upper Tapanahoni River; Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on Sipaliwini River.",bib67,no 2137-location-3,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname, Brazil""]}",,"Suriname: Sipaliwini district: Kwamalasamutu on Sipaliwini River, Palumeu on Palumeu River, Tëpu on upper Tapanahoni River. Brazil: Pará state: mostly on west Paru River; also Terra Indígena Parque Tumucumaque, on Marapi and East Paru rivers.",bib70,no -2137-location-4,2137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, -56.3818]]}",,,bib5307,no -2137-location-5,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname""], ""Description"": ""south, in Palumeu on the Palumeu River; in Pelelutepu (Tepu) on\nthe Upper Tapanahoni River; and in Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on the Sipaliwini River.""}",,,bib1903,no -2137-location-6,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2137-location-4,2137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1528, -56.3818]]}",,,bib5330,no +2137-location-5,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname""], ""Description"": ""south, in Palumeu on the Palumeu River; in Pelelutepu (Tepu) on\nthe Upper Tapanahoni River; and in Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on the Sipaliwini River.""}",,,bib1915,no +2137-location-6,2137,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2137-speaker_number-1,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,400 in Suriname (2003 ISA).",bib67,no 2137-speakers-1,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,400 in Suriname (2003 ISA).",bib67,no 2137-speaker_number-2,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Suriname: 1400 (2003 ISA), ethnic population 1400 (2003). Brazil: 730 (Moore 2006); most are monolingual; ethnic population 900 (2003 ISA).",bib70,no 2137-speakers-2,2137,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003 (Suriname), 2006 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Suriname: 1400 (2003 ISA), ethnic population 1400 (2003). Brazil: 730 (Moore 2006); most are monolingual; ethnic population 900 (2003 ISA).",bib70,no -2137-speaker_number-3,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2137-speakers-3,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,156"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2137-speaker_number-4,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2137-speakers-4,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2137-speaker_number-3,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2137-speakers-3,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,156"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2137-speaker_number-4,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2137-speakers-4,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2137-speaker_number-5,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2137-speakers-5,2137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,151"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2137-speaker_number-6,2137,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Brazil: 1,156 speakers and population (2006). -Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 2137-speakers-6,2137,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,456"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,456"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Brazil: 1,156 speakers and population (2006). -Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 2137-LEI-1,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik]. (2013)",bib67,no 2137-vitality-1,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik]. (2013)",bib67,no 2137-LEI-2,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages.,bib70,no 2137-vitality-2,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All ages.,bib70,no -2137-LEI-3,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2137-vitality-3,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2137-LEI-4,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2137-vitality-4,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2137-LEI-3,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2137-vitality-3,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2137-LEI-4,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2137-vitality-4,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2137-LEI-5,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2137-vitality-5,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2137-LEI-6,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2137-vitality-6,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2139-location-1,2139,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.711767, -68.248586]]}",,,bib7945,no +2137-LEI-6,2137,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2137-vitality-6,2137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2139-location-1,2139,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.711767, -68.248586]]}",,,bib7970,no 2139-location-2,2139,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest, close to the Araona, between the upper Madidi and River Heath""}",,"La Paz Department, Iturralde province, between the upper Madidi and Heath River.",bib67,no -2139-speakers-1,2139,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Today it is still not clear whether the group [Toromona] perished during the rubber boom or retired to inaccessible parts of the rainforest. There are rumors about a mysterious group wandering through the forest south of the Araona territory in Puerto Araona (province of Iturralde, La Paz department). It remains a mystery whether this actually is the Toromona “ghost” group or another group. (p. 174)",bib1902,yes +2139-speakers-1,2139,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Today it is still not clear whether the group [Toromona] perished during the rubber boom or retired to inaccessible parts of the rainforest. There are rumors about a mysterious group wandering through the forest south of the Araona territory in Puerto Araona (province of Iturralde, La Paz department). It remains a mystery whether this actually is the Toromona “ghost” group or another group. (p. 174)",bib1914,yes 2139-speaker_number-2,2139,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: Varese (1983). Ethnic population data: Adelaar (2000). No speaker numbers given: ""It is not clear whether this group exists; they have never been contacted. There are rumors concerning an uncontacted group of Araona"" (2013).",bib67,no 2139-speakers-2,2139,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200 (2016 unchanged)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: Varese (1983). Ethnic population data: Adelaar (2000). No speaker numbers given: ""It is not clear whether this group exists; they have never been contacted. There are rumors concerning an uncontacted group of Araona"" (2013).",bib67,no -2139-LEI-1,2139,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -2139-vitality-1,2139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +2139-LEI-1,2139,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +2139-vitality-1,2139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 2139-LEI-2,2139,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2139-vitality-2,2139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2140-location-1,2140,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, lower Rio Marmelos, tributary of Rio Madeira.""}",,,bib69,no -2140-location-2,2140,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.6646, -61.4135]]}",,,bib5307,no -2140-location-3,2140,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2140-location-4,2140,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas States""]}",,,bib1903,no +2140-location-2,2140,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.6646, -61.4135]]}",,,bib5330,no +2140-location-3,2140,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2140-location-4,2140,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Amazonas States""]}",,,bib1915,no 2140-speaker_number-1,2140,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2140-speakers-1,2140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2140-speakers-2,2140,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""51"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -2140-speakers-3,2140,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""312"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,,bib1902,yes -2140-speakers-4,2140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,possibly extinct,bib1903,no +2140-speakers-3,2140,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""312"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,,bib1914,yes +2140-speakers-4,2140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,possibly extinct,bib1915,no 2140-LEI-1,2140,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2140-vitality-1,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2140-LEI-2,2140,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 2140-vitality-2,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -2140-LEI-3,2140,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -2140-vitality-3,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -2140-LEI-4,2140,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1903,no -2140-vitality-4,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1903,no +2140-LEI-3,2140,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +2140-vitality-3,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +2140-LEI-4,2140,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1915,no +2140-vitality-4,2140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1915,no 2141-context-2,2141,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,Most also use Paraguayan Guaraní [gug] (used in school and church). Men are bilingual in Spanish [spa]. All women and young children are monolingual.,bib233,no 2141-location-1,2141,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,"Alto Paraguay Departament, Riacho Mosquito, Castilla, San Isidro-Km 39, María Auxiliadora-Km 40, Livio Fariña-Pueblito, and Boquerón Kue; Presidente Hayes Department, Casanillo-Campo Aroma, Casanillo-Aldea Campo Rayo, Casanillo-Aldea Capiatá, Casanillo-Aldea Casanillo, Casanillo-Aldea Linda Vista, Casanillo-San Rafael, Pozo Amarillo, and Estancia Laguna Porã.",bib67,no -2141-location-2,2141,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5578, -58.0064]]}",,,bib5307,no -2141-location-3,2141,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay, Chaco region""]}",,,bib1903,no -2141-location-4,2141,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1902,no +2141-location-2,2141,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5578, -58.0064]]}",,,bib5330,no +2141-location-3,2141,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay, Chaco region""]}",,,bib1915,no +2141-location-4,2141,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1914,no 2141-speaker_number-1,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,680 (2007 R. Perik), decreasing. All women and young children are monolingual. Ethnic population: 2,060 (Crevels 2007). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2141-speakers-1,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,680 (2007 R. Perik), decreasing. All women and young children are monolingual. Ethnic population: 2,060 (Crevels 2007). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2141-speaker_number-2,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"El censo de 2002 registra un total de 1474 toba-enenlhet, entre los cuales 1275 declaran hablar su lengua original en el hogar.",bib2545,yes -2141-speakers-2,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,474"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"El censo de 2002 registra un total de 1474 toba-enenlhet, entre los cuales 1275 declaran hablar su lengua original en el hogar.",bib2545,yes -2141-speaker_number-3,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2141-speakers-3,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,055"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2141-speaker_number-2,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"El censo de 2002 registra un total de 1474 toba-enenlhet, entre los cuales 1275 declaran hablar su lengua original en el hogar.",bib2558,yes +2141-speakers-2,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,474"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"El censo de 2002 registra un total de 1474 toba-enenlhet, entre los cuales 1275 declaran hablar su lengua original en el hogar.",bib2558,yes +2141-speaker_number-3,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2141-speakers-3,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,055"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2141-speaker_number-4,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2141-speakers-4,2141,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2141-speaker_number-5,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -2141-speakers-5,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,273"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +2141-speaker_number-5,2141,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +2141-speakers-5,2141,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,273"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 2141-LEI-1,2141,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2141-transmission-1,2141,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib67,no 2141-vitality-1,2141,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no 2141-LEI-2,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Kalisch (c.p.) advierte que en el Censo 2002, muchos de los toba (especialmente aquellos que ya no hablan toba) se hacen figurar como maskoy. De ahí que el porcentaje de hablantes de toba sea, en realidad, mucho menor."" -[Kalish (p.c.) warns that in the 2002 census, many of the Tobas (especially those who no longer speak Toba) are counted as Maskoy. Hence the percentage of Toba speakers is actually much lower.]",bib2545,yes +[Kalish (p.c.) warns that in the 2002 census, many of the Tobas (especially those who no longer speak Toba) are counted as Maskoy. Hence the percentage of Toba speakers is actually much lower.]",bib2558,yes 2141-vitality-2,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Kalisch (c.p.) advierte que en el Censo 2002, muchos de los toba (especialmente aquellos que ya no hablan toba) se hacen figurar como maskoy. De ahí que el porcentaje de hablantes de toba sea, en realidad, mucho menor."" -[Kalish (p.c.) warns that in the 2002 census, many of the Tobas (especially those who no longer speak Toba) are counted as Maskoy. Hence the percentage of Toba speakers is actually much lower.]",bib2545,yes -2141-LEI-3,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2141-vitality-3,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +[Kalish (p.c.) warns that in the 2002 census, many of the Tobas (especially those who no longer speak Toba) are counted as Maskoy. Hence the percentage of Toba speakers is actually much lower.]",bib2558,yes +2141-LEI-3,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2141-vitality-3,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2141-LEI-4,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2141-vitality-4,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2141-LEI-5,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2141-vitality-5,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2141-LEI-5,2141,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2141-vitality-5,2141,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2143-location-1,2143,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.5, -59.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2143-location-2,2143,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay"", ""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Argentina: Eastern Formosa Province; Chaco Province. Paraguay: Northwest of Asunci\u00f3n""}",,"Chaco Province, Resistencia, Fontana, Saenz Peña, Castelli, Tres Isletas, Miraflores, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, San Martín, Pcia. Roca, Bermejito, Pampa del Indio; Formosa Province, San Carlos, El Colorado, Misión Laishí, and others; Santa Fe Province, Rosario; Buenos Aires Province, La Plata.",bib67,no 2143-location-3,2143,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Paraguay""]}",,"Argentina: Chaco province: Bermejito, Castelli, Fontana, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, Miraflores, Pampa del Indio, Pcia, Resistencia, Roca, Saenz Peña, San Martín, Tres Isletas; Corrientes province; Formosa province: El Colorado, Misión Laishí, San Carlos; Santa Fe province: Rosario. Paraguay: San Pedro department: Boquerón-Arasapety and Urukuy-Las Palmas; Presidente Hayes department: Cerrito-Cerriteño, Cerrito-Río Verde, Cerrito-Rosarino, Naiñec, and San José.",bib70,no -2143-location-4,2143,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.958, -59.0625]]}",,,bib5307,no -2143-location-5,2143,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""]}",,,bib1903,no +2143-location-4,2143,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.958, -59.0625]]}",,,bib5330,no +2143-location-5,2143,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""]}",,,bib1915,no 2143-speaker_number-1,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,800 in Argentina (2000 WCD). 1,510 in Paraguay (Perik 2007).",bib67,no 2143-speakers-1,2143,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Argentina), 2007 (Paraguay)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,800 in Argentina (2000 WCD). 1,510 in Paraguay (Perik 2007).",bib67,no 2143-speaker_number-2,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"40,000 in Argentina. 760 in Paraguay.",bib70,no 2143-speakers-2,2143,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""69,500 (from 2004)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,760"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"40,000 in Argentina. 760 in Paraguay.",bib70,no -2143-speaker_number-3,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2143-speakers-3,2143,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2143-speaker_number-3,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2143-speakers-3,2143,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2143-speaker_number-4,2143,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number: approximately 100 in Bolivia. -Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.",bib1903,no +Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.",bib1915,no 2143-speakers-4,2143,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number: approximately 100 in Bolivia. -Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.",bib1903,no +Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.",bib1915,no 2143-speaker_number-5,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2143-speakers-5,2143,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,656"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2143-speaker_number-6,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.",bib1902,yes -2143-speakers-6,2143,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70,951"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,593"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.",bib1902,yes +2143-speaker_number-6,2143,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.",bib1914,yes +2143-speakers-6,2143,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70,951"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,593"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.",bib1914,yes 2143-LEI-1,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2143-vitality-1,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2143-LEI-2,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2143-vitality-2,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2143-LEI-3,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2143-vitality-3,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2143-LEI-4,2143,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2143-vitality-4,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2143-LEI-3,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2143-vitality-3,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2143-LEI-4,2143,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2143-vitality-4,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2143-LEI-5,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2143-vitality-5,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2143-LEI-6,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2143-vitality-6,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2144-context-1,2144,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except ritual, religious and ceremonial functions.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Lenape Language Project, sponsored by the Delaware Tribe at Bartlesville, plans to integrate classes with existing child-care programs and is developing CD-ROMs in the language.",bib2984,no -2144-context-2,2144,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -2144-location-1,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in eastern Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey, and northern Delaware, Unami is the heritage\nlanguage of the Delaware Tribe, at Bartlesville, Oklahoma, and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, at Anadarko.""}",,,bib2984,no +2143-LEI-6,2143,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2143-vitality-6,2143,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2144-context-1,2144,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except ritual, religious and ceremonial functions.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Lenape Language Project, sponsored by the Delaware Tribe at Bartlesville, plans to integrate classes with existing child-care programs and is developing CD-ROMs in the language.",bib2998,no +2144-context-2,2144,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +2144-location-1,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in eastern Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey, and northern Delaware, Unami is the heritage\nlanguage of the Delaware Tribe, at Bartlesville, Oklahoma, and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, at Anadarko.""}",,,bib2998,no 2144-location-2,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.0, -75.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2144-location-3,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Heritage language of the Delaware Tribe, near Bartlesville and Dewey, Oklahoma, and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, near Anadarko. The last speaker died in 2002.""}",,,bib5217,yes +2144-location-3,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Heritage language of the Delaware Tribe, near Bartlesville and Dewey, Oklahoma, and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma, near Anadarko. The last speaker died in 2002.""}",,,bib5240,yes 2144-location-4,2144,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Northeast and west central Oklahoma, north New Jersey, and lower Delaware Valley""}",,,bib67,no -2144-speaker_number-1,2144,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -2144-speakers-1,2144,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6-8""}",,,bib2984,no -2144-speakers-2,2144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last speaker of Southern Unami died in 2002. Northern Unami dialect survived into the twentieth century among the Canadian Munsees.,bib5217,yes +2144-speaker_number-1,2144,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +2144-speakers-1,2144,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6-8""}",,,bib2998,no +2144-speakers-2,2144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last speaker of Southern Unami died in 2002. Northern Unami dialect survived into the twentieth century among the Canadian Munsees.,bib5240,yes 2144-speakers-3,2144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known speakers. US Census (2000) lists 308 who use it at home. Ethnic population: 13,500 (1997 J. Rementer)",bib67,no -2144-LEI-1,2144,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2984,no -2144-transmission-1,2144,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2984,no -2144-domains_of_use-1,2144,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2984,no -2144-speaker_number_trends-1,2144,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2984,no -2144-vitality-1,2144,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2984,no -2144-LEI-2,2144,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -2144-vitality-2,2144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes +2144-LEI-1,2144,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2998,no +2144-transmission-1,2144,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2998,no +2144-domains_of_use-1,2144,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2998,no +2144-speaker_number_trends-1,2144,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2998,no +2144-vitality-1,2144,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is mostly used as a badge of tribal identity, and to pray at religious/ceremonial functions.",bib2998,no +2144-LEI-2,2144,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +2144-vitality-2,2144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes 2144-LEI-3,2144,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 2144-vitality-3,2144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -2145-context-1,2145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, other Mumeng dialects""}",,,bib7937,yes -2145-location-1,2145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0572, 146.3598]]}",,,bib5307,no -2145-location-2,2145,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland to the southwest of the western extremity of the Huon Gulf.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2145-speaker_number-1,2145,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are likely to be fewer speakers today.,bib7937,yes -2145-speakers-1,2145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are likely to be fewer speakers today.,bib7937,yes -2145-LEI-1,2145,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2145-speaker_number_trends-1,2145,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes -2145-vitality-1,2145,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,yes +2145-context-1,2145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, other Mumeng dialects""}",,,bib7962,yes +2145-location-1,2145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0572, 146.3598]]}",,,bib5330,no +2145-location-2,2145,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland to the southwest of the western extremity of the Huon Gulf.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2145-speaker_number-1,2145,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are likely to be fewer speakers today.,bib7962,yes +2145-speakers-1,2145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are likely to be fewer speakers today.,bib7962,yes +2145-LEI-1,2145,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2145-speaker_number_trends-1,2145,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes +2145-vitality-1,2145,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is under pressure from other larger dialects of the large Mumeng language, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,yes 2146-location-1,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Met\u00e1 Department, Sierra de la Macarena. Formerly in Llanos de Yar\u00ed, Caquet\u00e1 Department""}",,,bib67,no -2146-location-2,2146,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3833, -73.6413]]}",,,bib5307,no -2146-location-3,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no -2146-location-4,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8132,no -2146-location-5,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,En la selva de la Serranía de La Macarena. [In the jungle of the La Macarena Mountains.],bib7341,yes +2146-location-2,2146,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3833, -73.6413]]}",,,bib5330,no +2146-location-3,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no +2146-location-4,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8157,no +2146-location-5,2146,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,En la selva de la Serranía de La Macarena. [In the jungle of the La Macarena Mountains.],bib7365,yes 2146-speaker_number-1,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(2016, no change.)",bib67,no 2146-speakers-1,2146,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"(2016, no change.)",bib67,no -2146-speaker_number-2,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2146-speakers-2,2146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2146-speaker_number-3,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2146-speakers-3,2146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2146-speaker_number-2,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2146-speakers-2,2146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2146-speaker_number-3,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2146-speakers-3,2146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2146-speaker_number-4,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2146-speakers-4,2146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2146-speaker_number-5,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"el tinigua, que quizás ya no pueda mencionarse como lengua viva, pues sólo existe en la mente de una persona. (p.23) -[Tinigua, that perhaps cannot be mentioned as a living language; itd only exists in the mind of one person.]",bib8132,no +[Tinigua, that perhaps cannot be mentioned as a living language; itd only exists in the mind of one person.]",bib8157,no 2146-speakers-5,2146,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"el tinigua, que quizás ya no pueda mencionarse como lengua viva, pues sólo existe en la mente de una persona. (p.23) -[Tinigua, that perhaps cannot be mentioned as a living language; itd only exists in the mind of one person.]",bib8132,no +[Tinigua, that perhaps cannot be mentioned as a living language; itd only exists in the mind of one person.]",bib8157,no 2146-speaker_number-6,2146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Sixto Muñoz tiene unos 80 años y vive alejado de la civilización en lo más profundo de la selva de la Serranía de La Macarena. Él es el último hablante de la lengua tinigua y el único miembro con vida del pueblo con el mismo nombre ... El anciano dice que habla la lengua con su dios Tinigua janiniye y sus gallinas para no olvidarlo. -[Sixto Muñoz is 80 years old and lives far from civilization in the depths of the forest of the Serrania de La Macarena. He is the last speaker of the Tinigua language and the only living member of the people with the same name ... The old man said he speaks the language with his Tinigua god janiniye and his chickens in order to not forget it.]",bib7341,yes +[Sixto Muñoz is 80 years old and lives far from civilization in the depths of the forest of the Serrania de La Macarena. He is the last speaker of the Tinigua language and the only living member of the people with the same name ... The old man said he speaks the language with his Tinigua god janiniye and his chickens in order to not forget it.]",bib7365,yes 2146-speakers-6,2146,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Sixto Muñoz tiene unos 80 años y vive alejado de la civilización en lo más profundo de la selva de la Serranía de La Macarena. Él es el último hablante de la lengua tinigua y el único miembro con vida del pueblo con el mismo nombre ... El anciano dice que habla la lengua con su dios Tinigua janiniye y sus gallinas para no olvidarlo. -[Sixto Muñoz is 80 years old and lives far from civilization in the depths of the forest of the Serrania de La Macarena. He is the last speaker of the Tinigua language and the only living member of the people with the same name ... The old man said he speaks the language with his Tinigua god janiniye and his chickens in order to not forget it.]",bib7341,yes +[Sixto Muñoz is 80 years old and lives far from civilization in the depths of the forest of the Serrania de La Macarena. He is the last speaker of the Tinigua language and the only living member of the people with the same name ... The old man said he speaks the language with his Tinigua god janiniye and his chickens in order to not forget it.]",bib7365,yes 2146-LEI-1,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2146-vitality-1,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2146-LEI-2,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2146-vitality-2,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2146-LEI-3,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2146-vitality-3,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2146-LEI-2,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2146-vitality-2,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2146-LEI-3,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2146-vitality-3,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2146-LEI-4,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2146-vitality-4,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2146-LEI-5,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -2146-vitality-5,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -2146-LEI-6,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7341,yes -2146-vitality-6,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7341,yes -2147-context-1,2147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Anuki"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As a migratory people, the Doga are experts at fitting in to host communities, and value assimilation over unique identity.""}",,"Migration, shifting from fishing to gardening, land insecurity, and exogamous marriages are affecting the vitality of Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-context-2,2147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Tok Pisin, Anuki"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Over 60 per cent of the young people know English.""}",,Most young people are literate in English or another language.,bib7937,no -2147-location-1,2147,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6278, 149.8384]]}",,,bib5307,no -2147-location-2,2147,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the north coast of Cape Vogel Peninsula, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. The Doga people are traditionally nomadic, so the language has been spoken outside this region.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.64, 149.84]]}",,,bib4498,yes -2147-location-3,2147,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the northern coast of Cape Vogel.""}",,,bib7937,no +2146-LEI-5,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +2146-vitality-5,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +2146-LEI-6,2146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7365,yes +2146-vitality-6,2146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7365,yes +2147-context-1,2147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Anuki"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As a migratory people, the Doga are experts at fitting in to host communities, and value assimilation over unique identity.""}",,"Migration, shifting from fishing to gardening, land insecurity, and exogamous marriages are affecting the vitality of Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-context-2,2147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Tok Pisin, Anuki"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Over 60 per cent of the young people know English.""}",,Most young people are literate in English or another language.,bib7962,no +2147-location-1,2147,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.6278, 149.8384]]}",,,bib5330,no +2147-location-2,2147,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken along the north coast of Cape Vogel Peninsula, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. The Doga people are traditionally nomadic, so the language has been spoken outside this region.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.64, 149.84]]}",,,bib4519,yes +2147-location-3,2147,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the northern coast of Cape Vogel.""}",,,bib7962,no 2147-location-4,2147,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2147-speaker_number-1,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2147-speakers-1,2147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2147-speaker_number-2,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4498,yes -2147-speakers-2,2147,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""257"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""16""}",,,bib4498,yes -2147-speaker_number-3,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Today there may be fewer speakers.,bib7937,no -2147-speakers-3,2147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Today there may be fewer speakers.,bib7937,no +2147-speaker_number-1,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2147-speakers-1,2147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2147-speaker_number-2,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4519,yes +2147-speakers-2,2147,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""257"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""16""}",,,bib4519,yes +2147-speaker_number-3,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Today there may be fewer speakers.,bib7962,no +2147-speakers-3,2147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Today there may be fewer speakers.,bib7962,no 2147-speaker_number-4,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2147-speakers-4,2147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2147-speaker_number-5,2147,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2147-speakers-5,2147,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2147-LEI-1,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2147-vitality-1,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2147-LEI-2,2147,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-transmission-2,2147,transmission,1,transmission-1,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-domains_of_use-2,2147,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-speaker_number_trends-2,2147,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-vitality-2,2147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4498,yes -2147-LEI-3,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,English and Tok Pisin exert pressure on the language.,bib7937,no -2147-vitality-3,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,English and Tok Pisin exert pressure on the language.,bib7937,no +2147-LEI-1,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2147-vitality-1,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2147-LEI-2,2147,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-transmission-2,2147,transmission,1,transmission-1,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-domains_of_use-2,2147,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-speaker_number_trends-2,2147,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-vitality-2,2147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"54.1% of the Doga population are children & youth, and only 39.5% of them prioritize the language. More than half the Doga population live among host communities who speak other languages, and only 28.5% of them continue to speak Doga.",bib4519,yes +2147-LEI-3,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,English and Tok Pisin exert pressure on the language.,bib7962,no +2147-vitality-3,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,English and Tok Pisin exert pressure on the language.,bib7962,no 2147-LEI-4,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2147-vitality-4,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2147-LEI-5,2147,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2147-vitality-5,2147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2148-context-1,2148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; Portuguese""}",,,bib70,no -2148-location-1,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Amazonas, Mayoruna, and Yaguas rivers, in the department of Loreto in Peru; also spoken in Brazil and Colombia.""}",,,bib8124,no +2148-location-1,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Amazonas, Mayoruna, and Yaguas rivers, in the department of Loreto in Peru; also spoken in Brazil and Colombia.""}",,,bib8149,no 2148-location-2,2148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0, -70.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2148-location-3,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: West Amazonas. Peru: Northeast Amazon River region, from Chimbote in Peru to San Antonio do I\u00e7a in Brazil.\n\nVaupes Department, Pira-Paran\u00e1 headwaters and upper Papur\u00ed.""}",,"Amazonas, Upper Solimões river area, on more than 20 Indigenous lands, in more than 90 villages.",bib67,no 2148-location-4,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia, Peru""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: upper Solimões River, >20 indigenous islands, >90 villages. In Colombia: Amazonas Department: between Leticia and Perutate, north along the Amazon River. In Peru: Loreto region: Chimbote to San Antonio do Iça; northeast Amazon River area.",bib70,no -2148-location-5,2148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -70.0048]]}",,,bib5307,no -2148-location-6,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru and Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no -2148-location-7,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2148-location-5,2148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3464, -70.0048]]}",,,bib5330,no +2148-location-6,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru and Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no +2148-location-7,2148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2148-speaker_number-1,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"32,600 in Brazil (1998 ISA). 8,000 in Colombia (2000 SIL)",bib67,no 2148-speakers-1,2148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (Brazil, 2000 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"32,600 in Brazil (1998 ISA). 8,000 in Colombia (2000 SIL)",bib67,no 2148-speaker_number-2,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"32,600 in Brazil; 6,600 in Colombia; 8,000 in Peru",bib70,no 2148-speakers-2,2148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (Brazil); 2008 (Colombia); 2000 (Peru)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"32,600 in Brazil; 6,600 in Colombia; 8,000 in Peru",bib70,no -2148-speaker_number-3,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2148-speakers-3,2148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2148-speaker_number-3,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2148-speakers-3,2148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2148-speaker_number-4,2148,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,585 members in Colombia -32,613 (1998) member in Brazil",bib1903,no +32,613 (1998) member in Brazil",bib1915,no 2148-speakers-4,2148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39,198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000-8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,585 members in Colombia -32,613 (1998) member in Brazil",bib1903,no +32,613 (1998) member in Brazil",bib1915,no 2148-speaker_number-5,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2148-speakers-5,2148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2148-speaker_number-6,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 35,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2008), 7,102 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001) and 8,000 speakers in Peru.",bib1902,yes -2148-speakers-6,2148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,102"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil (2008), Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 35,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2008), 7,102 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001) and 8,000 speakers in Peru.",bib1902,yes +2148-speaker_number-6,2148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 35,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2008), 7,102 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001) and 8,000 speakers in Peru.",bib1914,yes +2148-speakers-6,2148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,102"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil (2008), Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 35,000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2008), 7,102 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001) and 8,000 speakers in Peru.",bib1914,yes 2148-LEI-1,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2148-vitality-1,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2148-LEI-2,2148,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2148-transmission-2,2148,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib70,no 2148-speaker_number_trends-2,2148,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib70,no 2148-vitality-2,2148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2148-LEI-3,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2148-vitality-3,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2148-LEI-4,2148,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2148-vitality-4,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2148-LEI-3,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2148-vitality-3,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2148-LEI-4,2148,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2148-vitality-4,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2148-LEI-5,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2148-vitality-5,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2148-LEI-6,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2148-vitality-6,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2150-location-1,2150,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2150-location-2,2150,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Central Chubut"", ""Coordinates"": [[-44.0, -69.0]]}",,,bib1903,no +2148-LEI-6,2148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2148-vitality-6,2148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2150-location-1,2150,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2150-location-2,2150,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Central Chubut"", ""Coordinates"": [[-44.0, -69.0]]}",,,bib1915,no 2150-speakers-1,2150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Su lengua desaparece en las primeras décadas del siglo XX. -[Their language disappeared during the first decades of the 20th Century.]",bib2610,no -2150-speakers-2,2150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Has been dormant since the early 1900s.,bib1902,yes -2150-speakers-3,2150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1903,no -2150-LEI-1,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2610,no -2150-vitality-1,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2610,no -2150-LEI-2,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -2150-vitality-2,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -2150-LEI-3,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1903,no -2150-vitality-3,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1903,no -2151-location-1,2151,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0109, -76.5966]]}",,,bib5307,no -2151-location-2,2151,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1903,no -2151-location-3,2151,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""In the eastern jungle near the Colombian border.""}",,,bib1902,no +[Their language disappeared during the first decades of the 20th Century.]",bib2623,no +2150-speakers-2,2150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Has been dormant since the early 1900s.,bib1914,yes +2150-speakers-3,2150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1915,no +2150-LEI-1,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2623,no +2150-vitality-1,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2623,no +2150-LEI-2,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +2150-vitality-2,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +2150-LEI-3,2150,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1915,no +2150-vitality-3,2150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1915,no +2151-location-1,2151,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0109, -76.5966]]}",,,bib5330,no +2151-location-2,2151,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1915,no +2151-location-3,2151,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""In the eastern jungle near the Colombian border.""}",,,bib1914,no 2151-location-4,2151,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Near the Colombia border, eastern jungle in Cof\u00e1n area""}",,"Near Colombia border, eastern Cofán jungle area.",bib67,no 2151-speakers-1,2151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"The Tetete population in 1945 was estimated at around fifty people, perhaps involving only one or two extended patrilineal households. (p.434). Their last contact with outsiders—an American Evangelical missionary and his Siona-Secoya translators—occurred in 1973 (p.422). In March 1966, two Capuchin missionaries persuaded the [oil] exploration company to take them by helicopter to a temporary landing site nearby. They found their way into a Tetete settlement and spent five days with its three inhabitants: two men—one aged around fifty, the other around sixty—and an old woman. Around 1970, an American Protestant missionary named Bruce Moore interviewed the three Tetete and confirmed that their language was closely related to Siona (Barriga López 1992: 185). In 1973, the same three Tetete were visited by Moore’s colleague Orville Johnson (who lived with the Siona-Secoya). This time Johnson brought three Siona-Secoya assistants; they learned that the survivors were siblings, still mourning the death of their eldest brother (p.433). By 1975, when Vickers took a census in the area, he counted only 266 Siona-Secoya and no Tetete (p.434). -Oil companies and missionaries are now accused of their extermination.",bib7709,yes -2151-speaker_number-2,2151,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,the language is possibly extinct today,bib1903,no -2151-speakers-2,2151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,the language is possibly extinct today,bib1903,no -2151-speaker_number-3,2151,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2151-speakers-3,2151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +Oil companies and missionaries are now accused of their extermination.",bib7734,yes +2151-speaker_number-2,2151,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,the language is possibly extinct today,bib1915,no +2151-speakers-2,2151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,the language is possibly extinct today,bib1915,no +2151-speaker_number-3,2151,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2151-speakers-3,2151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 2151-speakers-4,2151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969""}",,"No known speakers. Ethnic population: 3 (1969 SIL) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2151-LEI-1,2151,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7709,yes -2151-vitality-1,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7709,yes -2151-LEI-2,2151,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2151-vitality-2,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2151-LEI-3,2151,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2151-vitality-3,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2151-LEI-1,2151,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7734,yes +2151-vitality-1,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7734,yes +2151-LEI-2,2151,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2151-vitality-2,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2151-LEI-3,2151,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2151-vitality-3,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2151-LEI-4,2151,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 2151-vitality-4,2151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -2152-context-1,2152,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Nambu""}",,,bib7937,no -2152-location-1,2152,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1834, 141.8994]]}",,,bib5307,yes -2152-location-2,2152,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province. Spoken on the western third of the south coast, around Mari, west of Tais.""}",,,bib7937,no +2152-context-1,2152,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Nambu""}",,,bib7962,no +2152-location-1,2152,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1834, 141.8994]]}",,,bib5330,yes +2152-location-2,2152,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province. Spoken on the western third of the south coast, around Mari, west of Tais.""}",,,bib7962,no 2152-location-3,2152,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2152-speaker_number-1,2152,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -2152-speakers-1,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -2152-speaker_number-2,2152,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2152-speakers-2,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no +2152-speaker_number-1,2152,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +2152-speakers-1,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +2152-speaker_number-2,2152,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2152-speakers-2,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no 2152-speaker_number-3,2152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2152-speakers-3,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""385"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2152-speaker_number-4,2152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,380 (2003 SIL),bib67,no 2152-speakers-4,2152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,380 (2003 SIL),bib67,no -2152-LEI-1,2152,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -2152-vitality-1,2152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -2152-LEI-2,2152,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2152-speaker_number_trends-2,2152,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2152-vitality-2,2152,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2152-LEI-1,2152,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +2152-vitality-1,2152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +2152-LEI-2,2152,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2152-speaker_number_trends-2,2152,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2152-vitality-2,2152,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is under pressure from large closely related neighbouring languages, especially the Nambu language to the north, and also from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2152-LEI-3,2152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2152-vitality-3,2152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2152-LEI-4,2152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2152-vitality-4,2152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2153-location-1,2153,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.6049, -116.4678], [32.0, -116.1166]]}",,,bib1709,no -2153-location-2,2153,location,"{""Places"": [""Baja California, California near San Diego""]}",,"In several communities in northern Baja California, as far south as Ensenada and Santa Catarina, and also in California by the Jamul community near San Diego.",bib5217,yes -2153-location-3,2153,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico, California""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several communities in northern Baja California, as far south as Ensenada and Santa Catarina, and also in California by the Jamul community near San Diego.""}",,,bib5309,no -2153-speaker_number-1,2153,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Emergent language in the Diegueño complex of Yuman dialects. The distinction between Kumeyaay and Tipai is perhaps more political and social than it is linguistic, and is greatly influenced by the US-Mexican border.",bib5217,yes -2153-speakers-1,2153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Emergent language in the Diegueño complex of Yuman dialects. The distinction between Kumeyaay and Tipai is perhaps more political and social than it is linguistic, and is greatly influenced by the US-Mexican border.",bib5217,yes -2153-speaker_number-2,2153,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -2153-speakers-2,2153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no -2153-LEI-1,2153,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2153-vitality-1,2153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -2153-LEI-2,2153,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -2153-vitality-2,2153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +2153-location-1,2153,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.6049, -116.4678], [32.0, -116.1166]]}",,,bib1721,no +2153-location-2,2153,location,"{""Places"": [""Baja California, California near San Diego""]}",,"In several communities in northern Baja California, as far south as Ensenada and Santa Catarina, and also in California by the Jamul community near San Diego.",bib5240,yes +2153-location-3,2153,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico, California""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several communities in northern Baja California, as far south as Ensenada and Santa Catarina, and also in California by the Jamul community near San Diego.""}",,,bib5332,no +2153-speaker_number-1,2153,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Emergent language in the Diegueño complex of Yuman dialects. The distinction between Kumeyaay and Tipai is perhaps more political and social than it is linguistic, and is greatly influenced by the US-Mexican border.",bib5240,yes +2153-speakers-1,2153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Emergent language in the Diegueño complex of Yuman dialects. The distinction between Kumeyaay and Tipai is perhaps more political and social than it is linguistic, and is greatly influenced by the US-Mexican border.",bib5240,yes +2153-speaker_number-2,2153,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +2153-speakers-2,2153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no +2153-LEI-1,2153,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2153-vitality-1,2153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +2153-LEI-2,2153,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +2153-vitality-2,2153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 2154-location-1,2154,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.0, -56.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2154-location-2,2154,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul. 20 villages and 2 cities""}",,"Mato Grosso do Sul State, east of the Paraguay River, Miranda and Aguidauana rivers area, 20 villages and 2 cities; some in São Paulo State.",bib67,no -2154-location-3,2154,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.2841, -55.4638]]}",,,bib5307,no -2154-location-4,2154,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8132,no +2154-location-3,2154,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.2841, -55.4638]]}",,,bib5330,no +2154-location-4,2154,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8157,no 2154-speaker_number-1,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data: (1991 SIL) 15,800 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 16,000 (2001) (2013).",bib67,no 2154-speakers-1,2154,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data: (1991 SIL) 15,800 (Moore 2006); ethnic population: 16,000 (2001) (2013).",bib67,no -2154-speaker_number-2,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2154-speakers-2,2154,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2154-speaker_number-2,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2154-speakers-2,2154,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2154-speaker_number-3,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2154-speakers-3,2154,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2154-speaker_number-4,2154,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"24,265 speak Portuguese at home. -Note that Socioambiental (2014) estimated a total population of 16,000 in 2001.",bib8132,no +Note that Socioambiental (2014) estimated a total population of 16,000 in 2001.",bib8157,no 2154-speakers-4,2154,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,737"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,439"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"24,265 speak Portuguese at home. -Note that Socioambiental (2014) estimated a total population of 16,000 in 2001.",bib8132,no -2154-speaker_number-5,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -2154-speakers-5,2154,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,961"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +Note that Socioambiental (2014) estimated a total population of 16,000 in 2001.",bib8157,no +2154-speaker_number-5,2154,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +2154-speakers-5,2154,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,961"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2154-LEI-1,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2154-vitality-1,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2154-LEI-2,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2154-vitality-2,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2154-LEI-2,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2154-vitality-2,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2154-LEI-3,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2154-vitality-3,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2154-LEI-4,2154,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -2154-vitality-4,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -2154-LEI-5,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2154-vitality-5,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2155-location-1,2155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4071, -61.1499]]}",,,bib5307,no +2154-LEI-4,2154,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +2154-vitality-4,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +2154-LEI-5,2154,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2154-vitality-5,2154,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2155-location-1,2155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4071, -61.1499]]}",,,bib5330,no 2155-location-2,2155,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Amazonas and Mato Grosso states,bib70,no -2155-location-3,2155,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2155-location-3,2155,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2155-location-4,2155,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas. Diah\u00f3i are on Rio Marmelos; Karipuna in Rond\u00f4nia on Jaci Paran\u00e1 River Post; Morerebi on Rio Preto and Marmelos. 2 villages""}",,,bib67,no -2155-speaker_number-1,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2155-speakers-1,2155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""361"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2155-speaker_number-1,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2155-speakers-1,2155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""361"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2155-speaker_number-2,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"580 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 790 (2000 ISA). 590 Tenharim, 160 Parintintin, 50 Diahhoi (2000 ISA).",bib70,no 2155-speakers-2,2155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"580 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 790 (2000 ISA). 590 Tenharim, 160 Parintintin, 50 Diahhoi (2000 ISA).",bib70,no -2155-speaker_number-3,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2155-speakers-3,2155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""699"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2155-speaker_number-3,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2155-speakers-3,2155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""699"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2155-speaker_number-4,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2155-speakers-4,2155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""493"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2155-speaker_number-5,2155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"ISA (2000) gives 585 Tenharim, 156 Parintintin, 50 Diahhoi",bib67,no 2155-speakers-5,2155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"ISA (2000) gives 585 Tenharim, 156 Parintintin, 50 Diahhoi",bib67,no -2155-LEI-1,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2155-vitality-1,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2155-LEI-1,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2155-vitality-1,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2155-LEI-2,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2155-vitality-2,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2155-LEI-3,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2155-vitality-3,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2155-LEI-3,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2155-vitality-3,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2155-LEI-4,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2155-vitality-4,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2155-LEI-5,2155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2155-vitality-5,2155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2157-context-1,2157,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saep, Siroi, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes +2157-context-1,2157,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saep, Siroi, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes 2157-location-1,2157,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Astrolabe bay south coast, Gowar river mouth, west of Dein, and its lower course.""}",,,bib68,no -2157-location-2,2157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5421, 146.0906]]}",,,bib5307,no -2157-location-3,2157,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, on the coast at the mouth of the Gowar River west of Dein, and on its lower course.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2157-location-2,2157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5421, 146.0906]]}",,,bib5330,no +2157-location-3,2157,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, on the coast at the mouth of the Gowar River west of Dein, and on its lower course.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2157-speaker_number-1,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2000),bib68,no 2157-speakers-1,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib68,no -2157-speaker_number-2,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2157-speakers-2,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2157-speaker_number-3,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2157-speakers-3,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes +2157-speaker_number-2,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2157-speakers-2,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2157-speaker_number-3,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2157-speakers-3,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes 2157-speaker_number-4,2157,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2157-speakers-4,2157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2157-LEI-1,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2157-vitality-1,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2157-LEI-2,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2157-vitality-2,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2157-LEI-3,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, forty-two speakers were reported. At present, their number is still near forty, but the language is under strong pressure from related neighbouring larger languages such as Saep and Siroi, and from Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7937,yes -2157-vitality-3,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1981, forty-two speakers were reported. At present, their number is still near forty, but the language is under strong pressure from related neighbouring larger languages such as Saep and Siroi, and from Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7937,yes +2157-LEI-2,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2157-vitality-2,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2157-LEI-3,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, forty-two speakers were reported. At present, their number is still near forty, but the language is under strong pressure from related neighbouring larger languages such as Saep and Siroi, and from Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7962,yes +2157-vitality-3,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1981, forty-two speakers were reported. At present, their number is still near forty, but the language is under strong pressure from related neighbouring larger languages such as Saep and Siroi, and from Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7962,yes 2157-LEI-4,2157,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2157-vitality-4,2157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2158-location-1,2158,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6467, -46.7248]]}",,,bib5307,no -2158-location-2,2158,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Alto Rio Guama, on the right bank of the Upper Guama River, between the igarapes (small Amazonian waterways) Tauari to the south and Pitomba to the north, Terra\nIndigena Ture-Mariquita, Terra Indigena Tembe, on the left bank of the Acara-Miri River; Maranhao State, Terra Indigena Alto Turia\u00e7u, on the banks of the Gurupi River""}",,,bib1903,no -2158-location-3,2158,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2158-location-1,2158,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6467, -46.7248]]}",,,bib5330,no +2158-location-2,2158,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Alto Rio Guama, on the right bank of the Upper Guama River, between the igarapes (small Amazonian waterways) Tauari to the south and Pitomba to the north, Terra\nIndigena Ture-Mariquita, Terra Indigena Tembe, on the left bank of the Acara-Miri River; Maranhao State, Terra Indigena Alto Turia\u00e7u, on the banks of the Gurupi River""}",,,bib1915,no +2158-location-3,2158,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2158-location-4,2158,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranh\u00e3o and Gurupi rivers. In Gurupi about 100 of 170 speak Temb\u00e9""}",,,bib67,no -2158-speaker_number-1,2158,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2158-speakers-1,2158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2158-speaker_number-2,2158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2158-speakers-2,2158,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""880 \u2013 820 (1999)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no -2158-speaker_number-3,2158,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -2158-speakers-3,2158,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,425"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes +2158-speaker_number-1,2158,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2158-speakers-1,2158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2158-speaker_number-2,2158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2158-speakers-2,2158,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""880 \u2013 820 (1999)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no +2158-speaker_number-3,2158,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +2158-speakers-3,2158,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,425"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes 2158-speaker_number-4,2158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2158-speakers-4,2158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2158-speaker_number-5,2158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (2000 SIL). Ethnic population data: (1999 ISA). @@ -20329,30 +20457,30 @@ Note that Socioambiental (2014) estimated a total population of 16,000 in 2001." 2158-speakers-5,2158,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2000 SIL). Ethnic population data: (1999 ISA). 150 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 880 (Crevels 2007). Tembé: 820 (1999), Turiwara: 60 (1998) (2013).",bib67,no -2158-LEI-1,2158,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2158-vitality-1,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2158-LEI-2,2158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2158-vitality-2,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2158-LEI-3,2158,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2158-vitality-3,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2158-LEI-1,2158,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2158-vitality-1,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2158-LEI-2,2158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2158-vitality-2,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2158-LEI-3,2158,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2158-vitality-3,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2158-LEI-4,2158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2158-vitality-4,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2158-LEI-5,2158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2158-vitality-5,2158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2159-context-1,2159,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-context-2,2159,context,"{""Government Support"": ""One of the official languages of the Northwest Territories.""}",,,bib5309,no -2159-location-1,2159,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake. It is the first language of 2,470 people (of whom about 1,350 regularly use it in the home), primarily in five small communities: Detah (105 speakers out of a total population of 190), Rae Lakes (210 out of 260), Rae-Edzo (1,010 out of 1,655), Snare\nLake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of D\u00e9line (Fort Franklin).""}",,,bib5217,yes -2159-location-2,2159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.8292, -115.9904]]}",,,bib5307,no -2159-location-3,2159,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake.""}",,,bib5309,no +2159-context-1,2159,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-context-2,2159,context,"{""Government Support"": ""One of the official languages of the Northwest Territories.""}",,,bib5332,no +2159-location-1,2159,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Territories""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake. It is the first language of 2,470 people (of whom about 1,350 regularly use it in the home), primarily in five small communities: Detah (105 speakers out of a total population of 190), Rae Lakes (210 out of 260), Rae-Edzo (1,010 out of 1,655), Snare\nLake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of D\u00e9line (Fort Franklin).""}",,,bib5240,yes +2159-location-2,2159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.8292, -115.9904]]}",,,bib5330,no +2159-location-3,2159,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake.""}",,,bib5332,no 2159-location-4,2159,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib67,no 2159-speaker_number-1,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake. It is the first language of 2,470 people (of whom about 1,350 regularly use it in the home), primarily in five small communities: Detah (105 speakers out of a total population of 190), Rae Lakes (210 out of 260), Rae-Edzo (1,010 out of 1,655), Snare -Lake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of Déline (Fort Franklin).",bib5217,yes +Lake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of Déline (Fort Franklin).",bib5240,yes 2159-speakers-1,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken in the Northwest Territories between Great Slave Lake and Great Bear Lake. It is the first language of 2,470 people (of whom about 1,350 regularly use it in the home), primarily in five small communities: Detah (105 speakers out of a total population of 190), Rae Lakes (210 out of 260), Rae-Edzo (1,010 out of 1,655), Snare -Lake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of Déline (Fort Franklin).",bib5217,yes -2159-speaker_number-2,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2159-speakers-2,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2159-speaker_number-3,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -2159-speakers-3,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +Lake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 speakers in the city of Yellowknife, as well as an unknown number of speakers in the dialectally mixed community of Déline (Fort Franklin).",bib5240,yes +2159-speaker_number-2,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2159-speakers-2,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2159-speaker_number-3,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +2159-speakers-3,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 2159-speaker_number-4,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2159-speakers-4,2159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2159-speaker_number-5,2159,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2001). 12%% are monolinguals. @@ -20361,107 +20489,107 @@ Lake (100 out of 135), and Wha Ti (325 out of 415). There are also about 220 spe 2159-speakers-5,2159,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2001). 12%% are monolinguals. 2,080 (2011 census). 250 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 3,220 (2013).",bib67,no -2159-LEI-1,2159,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-transmission-1,2159,transmission,2,transmission-2,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-domains_of_use-1,2159,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-speaker_number_trends-1,2159,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-vitality-1,2159,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5217,yes -2159-LEI-2,2159,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2159-vitality-2,2159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2159-LEI-1,2159,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-transmission-1,2159,transmission,2,transmission-2,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-domains_of_use-1,2159,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-speaker_number_trends-1,2159,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-vitality-1,2159,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"About 1,350 regularly use it in the home.",bib5240,yes +2159-LEI-2,2159,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2159-vitality-2,2159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2159-LEI-3,2159,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dogrib is one of the official languages of -the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5309,no +the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5332,no 2159-transmission-3,2159,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Dogrib is one of the official languages of -the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5309,no +the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5332,no 2159-domains_of_use-3,2159,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Dogrib is one of the official languages of -the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5309,no +the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5332,no 2159-speaker_number_trends-3,2159,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Dogrib is one of the official languages of -the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5309,no +the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5332,no 2159-vitality-3,2159,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Dogrib is one of the official languages of -the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5309,no +the Northwest Territories. Out of the 2,470 first language speakers, Approx. 1,350 use it regularly in the home.",bib5332,no 2159-LEI-4,2159,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2159-vitality-4,2159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2159-LEI-5,2159,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2159-vitality-5,2159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2160-context-1,2160,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mapuche"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary""}",,,bib68,no 2160-location-1,2160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-48.0, -68.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2160-location-2,2160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-51.5087, -70.3125]]}",,,bib5307,no -2160-location-3,2160,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Spoken from the Santa Cruz River to the Strait of Magellan.""}",,,bib1903,no +2160-location-2,2160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-51.5087, -70.3125]]}",,,bib5330,no +2160-location-3,2160,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Spoken from the Santa Cruz River to the Strait of Magellan.""}",,,bib1915,no 2160-location-4,2160,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Patagonia""}",,"Chubut Province, central zone.",bib68,no -2160-speaker_number-1,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The cited publication says only 2 speakers remain. In personal communication, Ana Fenández Garray and Pedro Viegas Barros report that there is only 1 mother-tongue speaker; there are a few Tehuelche who are trying to learn their heritage language.",bib2610,yes -2160-speakers-1,2160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The cited publication says only 2 speakers remain. In personal communication, Ana Fenández Garray and Pedro Viegas Barros report that there is only 1 mother-tongue speaker; there are a few Tehuelche who are trying to learn their heritage language.",bib2610,yes -2160-speaker_number-2,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2160-speakers-2,2160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2160-speaker_number-3,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2160-speakers-3,2160,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,590"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2160-speaker_number-1,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The cited publication says only 2 speakers remain. In personal communication, Ana Fenández Garray and Pedro Viegas Barros report that there is only 1 mother-tongue speaker; there are a few Tehuelche who are trying to learn their heritage language.",bib2623,yes +2160-speakers-1,2160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The cited publication says only 2 speakers remain. In personal communication, Ana Fenández Garray and Pedro Viegas Barros report that there is only 1 mother-tongue speaker; there are a few Tehuelche who are trying to learn their heritage language.",bib2623,yes +2160-speaker_number-2,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2160-speakers-2,2160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2160-speaker_number-3,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2160-speakers-3,2160,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,590"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2160-speakers-4,2160,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004 (INDEC)""}",,Last speaker died in the 1960s or 1970s.,bib68,no 2160-speaker_number-5,2160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2160-speakers-5,2160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2160-LEI-1,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2610,yes -2160-vitality-1,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2610,yes -2160-LEI-2,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2160-vitality-2,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2160-LEI-3,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2160-vitality-3,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2160-LEI-1,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2623,yes +2160-vitality-1,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2623,yes +2160-LEI-2,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2160-vitality-2,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2160-LEI-3,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2160-vitality-3,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2160-LEI-4,2160,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 2160-vitality-4,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no 2160-LEI-5,2160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2160-vitality-5,2160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2161-context-1,2161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wampar, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes -2161-location-1,2161,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.4763, 146.8377]]}",,,bib5307,no -2161-location-2,2161,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland from the Huon Gulf, north of Lae, in the lower Busu River area.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2161-context-1,2161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wampar, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes +2161-location-1,2161,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.4763, 146.8377]]}",,,bib5330,no +2161-location-2,2161,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland from the Huon Gulf, north of Lae, in the lower Busu River area.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2161-location-3,2161,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2161-speaker_number-1,2161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2161-speakers-1,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2161-speaker_number-2,2161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1988, 398 speakers were reported. Now there may be about 300.",bib7937,yes -2161-speakers-2,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1988, 398 speakers were reported. Now there may be about 300.",bib7937,yes +2161-speaker_number-1,2161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2161-speakers-1,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2161-speaker_number-2,2161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1988, 398 speakers were reported. Now there may be about 300.",bib7962,yes +2161-speakers-2,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1988, 398 speakers were reported. Now there may be about 300.",bib7962,yes 2161-speaker_number-3,2161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2161-speakers-3,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""398"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2161-speakers-4,2161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988 (Holzknecht)""}",,,bib67,no -2161-LEI-1,2161,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2161-vitality-1,2161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2161-LEI-2,2161,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7937,yes -2161-transmission-2,2161,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7937,yes -2161-vitality-2,2161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7937,yes +2161-LEI-1,2161,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2161-vitality-1,2161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2161-LEI-2,2161,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7962,yes +2161-transmission-2,2161,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7962,yes +2161-vitality-2,2161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It is under pressure from large related languages, e.g. Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which children prefer.",bib7962,yes 2161-LEI-3,2161,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2161-vitality-3,2161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2163-location-1,2163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, -75.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2163-location-2,2163,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Off Tigre River, Aucayacu River, Ahuaruna River tributary.""}",,,bib67,no -2163-location-3,2163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2502, -75.8935]]}",,,bib5307,no -2163-location-4,2163,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Province of Loretos, Tigre District""}",,,bib1903,no -2163-location-5,2163,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2163-speaker_number-1,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"About the single surviving Taushiro speaker: ""He is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5152,no -2163-speakers-1,2163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"About the single surviving Taushiro speaker: ""He is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5152,no +2163-location-3,2163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2502, -75.8935]]}",,,bib5330,no +2163-location-4,2163,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Province of Loretos, Tigre District""}",,,bib1915,no +2163-location-5,2163,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2163-speaker_number-1,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"About the single surviving Taushiro speaker: ""He is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5174,no +2163-speakers-1,2163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"About the single surviving Taushiro speaker: ""He is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5174,no 2163-speaker_number-2,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 2163-speakers-2,2163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -2163-speaker_number-3,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2163-speakers-3,2163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2163-speaker_number-4,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2163-speakers-4,2163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2163-speaker_number-3,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2163-speakers-3,2163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2163-speaker_number-4,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2163-speakers-4,2163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2163-speaker_number-5,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2163-speakers-5,2163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2163-speaker_number-6,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Due to an epidemic disease in the same decade [1960s] and to the fact that most survivors have intermarried with non-Taushiro speakers and have adopted Spanish or a variety of Quechua, the language is now on the brink of extinction with 1 speaker out of an ethnic group of 20 (p.213).",bib1902,yes -2163-speakers-6,2163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Due to an epidemic disease in the same decade [1960s] and to the fact that most survivors have intermarried with non-Taushiro speakers and have adopted Spanish or a variety of Quechua, the language is now on the brink of extinction with 1 speaker out of an ethnic group of 20 (p.213).",bib1902,yes -2163-LEI-1,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[About the single surviving Taushiro speaker]:"" he is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5152,no -2163-vitality-1,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"[About the single surviving Taushiro speaker]:"" he is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5152,no +2163-speaker_number-6,2163,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Due to an epidemic disease in the same decade [1960s] and to the fact that most survivors have intermarried with non-Taushiro speakers and have adopted Spanish or a variety of Quechua, the language is now on the brink of extinction with 1 speaker out of an ethnic group of 20 (p.213).",bib1914,yes +2163-speakers-6,2163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Due to an epidemic disease in the same decade [1960s] and to the fact that most survivors have intermarried with non-Taushiro speakers and have adopted Spanish or a variety of Quechua, the language is now on the brink of extinction with 1 speaker out of an ethnic group of 20 (p.213).",bib1914,yes +2163-LEI-1,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[About the single surviving Taushiro speaker]:"" he is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5174,no +2163-vitality-1,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"[About the single surviving Taushiro speaker]:"" he is only in his 50s, the youngest member of a family of speakers. And all the evidence that I've come across indicates that he is the sole living speaker.""",bib5174,no 2163-LEI-2,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2163-vitality-2,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2163-LEI-3,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2163-vitality-3,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2163-LEI-4,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2163-vitality-4,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2163-LEI-3,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2163-vitality-3,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2163-LEI-4,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2163-vitality-4,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2163-LEI-5,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2163-vitality-5,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2163-LEI-6,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2163-vitality-6,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2163-LEI-6,2163,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2163-vitality-6,2163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2165-context-1,2165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French""}",,,bib67,no -2165-context-2,2165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French""}",,,bib5217,yes -2165-context-3,2165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French""}",,"Schooling is in Cree to grade four, using the syllabic orthography, and in French in the upper grades, with a Cree maintenance program. Local radio service is provided in Cree in each community.",bib5309,no +2165-context-2,2165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French""}",,,bib5240,yes +2165-context-3,2165,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, French""}",,"Schooling is in Cree to grade four, using the syllabic orthography, and in French in the upper grades, with a Cree maintenance program. Local radio service is provided in Cree in each community.",bib5332,no 2165-location-1,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[51.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2165-location-2,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northern East Cree [crl]: West central Quebec, east coast of lower Hudson Bay and James Bay; some speakers likely on Nunavut islands in James Bay; Whapmagoostui, Chisasibi, Wemindji, and most in Eastmain communities.\n Southern East Cree [crj]: Quebec, southeastward from James Bay, inland to the watershed east of Lake Mistissini. Coastal communities of Waskaganish, some in Eastmain. Inland, in Mistissini, Waswanipi, Nemaska, Ouje-Bougoumo.""}",,,bib67,no -2165-location-3,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.6916, -78.8011], [50.587, -73.6365]]}",,,bib5307,no -2165-location-4,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""East Cree is the Montagnais-Naskapi dialect spoken in northwestern Quebec, along the east coast of James and Hudson Bay and inland. There is a distinction between northern and southern subdialects, the latter with coastal and inland varieties. The northern dialect is spoken in Whapamagostui (Great Whale River), Chisasibi (Fort George), and Wemindji (Paint Hills); southern dialects are spoken in Nemaska (Nemiscau), Waskaganish (Rupert House), Eastmain, Waswanipi, Ouje-bougamau and Mistissini.""}",,,bib5217,yes +2165-location-3,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.6916, -78.8011], [50.587, -73.6365]]}",,,bib5330,no +2165-location-4,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""East Cree is the Montagnais-Naskapi dialect spoken in northwestern Quebec, along the east coast of James and Hudson Bay and inland. There is a distinction between northern and southern subdialects, the latter with coastal and inland varieties. The northern dialect is spoken in Whapamagostui (Great Whale River), Chisasibi (Fort George), and Wemindji (Paint Hills); southern dialects are spoken in Nemaska (Nemiscau), Waskaganish (Rupert House), Eastmain, Waswanipi, Ouje-bougamau and Mistissini.""}",,,bib5240,yes 2165-location-5,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib233,no -2165-location-6,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in north western Quebec in Whapamagostui (Great Whale River), Chisasibi (Fort George), and Wemindji (Paint Hills).""}",,,bib5309,no +2165-location-6,2165,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in north western Quebec in Whapamagostui (Great Whale River), Chisasibi (Fort George), and Wemindji (Paint Hills).""}",,,bib5332,no 2165-speaker_number-1,2165,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue distinguishes Northern East Cree [crl] from Southern East Cree [crj]: 12,620 total. Northern East Cree [crl]: 5,310 (1997 Quebec Ministere de la Sante et des Services Sociaux). All Cree L1 speakers in Canada 97,230 (2001 Canada census) (2013 unchanged). Southern East Cree [crj]: 7,310 (1997 MSSS) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no @@ -20469,41 +20597,41 @@ Southern East Cree [crj]: 7,310 (1997 MSSS) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no Northern East Cree [crl]: 5,310 (1997 Quebec Ministere de la Sante et des Services Sociaux). All Cree L1 speakers in Canada 97,230 (2001 Canada census) (2013 unchanged). Southern East Cree [crj]: 7,310 (1997 MSSS) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 2165-speaker_number-2,2165,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,870 Northern East Cree -4,455 Southern East Cree",bib5307,no +4,455 Southern East Cree",bib5330,no 2165-speakers-2,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,870 Northern East Cree -4,455 Southern East Cree",bib5307,no -2165-speaker_number-3,2165,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes -2165-speakers-3,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes +4,455 Southern East Cree",bib5330,no +2165-speaker_number-3,2165,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes +2165-speakers-3,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes 2165-speaker_number-4,2165,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,308 Northern East Cree; 7,306 Southern East Cree",bib233,no 2165-speakers-4,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,614"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,308 Northern East Cree; 7,306 Southern East Cree",bib233,no -2165-speaker_number-5,2165,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -2165-speakers-5,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +2165-speaker_number-5,2165,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +2165-speakers-5,2165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 2165-LEI-1,2165,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All domains.,bib67,no 2165-transmission-1,2165,transmission,0,transmission-0,Vigorous. All domains.,bib67,no 2165-vitality-1,2165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Vigorous. All domains.,bib67,no -2165-LEI-2,2165,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2165-vitality-2,2165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2165-LEI-3,2165,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes -2165-transmission-3,2165,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes -2165-speaker_number_trends-3,2165,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes -2165-vitality-3,2165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5217,yes +2165-LEI-2,2165,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2165-vitality-2,2165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2165-LEI-3,2165,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes +2165-transmission-3,2165,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes +2165-speaker_number_trends-3,2165,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes +2165-vitality-3,2165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Of a population of about 12,000, all but a small number are speakers.",bib5240,yes 2165-LEI-4,2165,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2165-vitality-4,2165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2165-LEI-5,2165,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -2165-transmission-5,2165,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,no -2165-domains_of_use-5,2165,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5309,no -2165-speaker_number_trends-5,2165,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5309,no -2165-vitality-5,2165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -2166-location-1,2166,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Vaupes, on the Upper and Middle Pira and its tributaries, on the Ti (Upper Papury), and in the village of Yapu on the Papur\u00fd.""}",,,bib1903,no +2165-LEI-5,2165,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +2165-transmission-5,2165,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,no +2165-domains_of_use-5,2165,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5332,no +2165-speaker_number_trends-5,2165,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5332,no +2165-vitality-5,2165,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +2166-location-1,2166,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Vaupes, on the Upper and Middle Pira and its tributaries, on the Ti (Upper Papury), and in the village of Yapu on the Papur\u00fd.""}",,,bib1915,no 2166-location-2,2166,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.416666666667, -70.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2166-location-3,2166,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2166-location-3,2166,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2166-location-4,2166,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Vaup\u00e9s region, Pira-Paran\u00e1 headwaters and Upper Papur\u00ed""}",,"Vaupés Department, Pira-Paraná headwaters and upper Papurí.",bib67,no 2166-speaker_number-1,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2166-speakers-1,2166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2166-speaker_number-2,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Tatuyo form part of the whole of Eastern Tucanoan groups, which are known for practising linguistic exogamy and for their general multilingualism.",bib1903,no -2166-speakers-2,2166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Tatuyo form part of the whole of Eastern Tucanoan groups, which are known for practising linguistic exogamy and for their general multilingualism.",bib1903,no -2166-speaker_number-3,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2166-speakers-3,2166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""331"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""331"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2166-speaker_number-2,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Tatuyo form part of the whole of Eastern Tucanoan groups, which are known for practising linguistic exogamy and for their general multilingualism.",bib1915,no +2166-speakers-2,2166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Tatuyo form part of the whole of Eastern Tucanoan groups, which are known for practising linguistic exogamy and for their general multilingualism.",bib1915,no +2166-speaker_number-3,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2166-speakers-3,2166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""331"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""331"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2166-speaker_number-4,2166,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (2007 SIL) @@ -20514,10 +20642,10 @@ Southern East Cree [crj]: 7,310 (1997 MSSS) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 400 (2007 SIL). Ethnic population: 400 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 2166-LEI-1,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2166-vitality-1,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2166-LEI-2,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2166-vitality-2,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2166-LEI-3,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2166-vitality-3,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2166-LEI-2,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2166-vitality-2,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2166-LEI-3,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2166-vitality-3,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2166-LEI-4,2166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2166-vitality-4,2166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2167-context-1,2167,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tukano""}",,,bib348,yes @@ -20527,9 +20655,9 @@ Kumandene dialect: Santa Terezinha on the Iauarí River (tributary of the Lower 2167-location-3,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Brazil: Amazonas, Middle Vaup\u00e9s River, Santa Rosa (Juquira), Iauarete, Periquitos, and Ji-Ponta. Colombia: Vaup\u00e9s region, Lower Papur\u00ed.""}",,,bib67,no 2167-location-4,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: Santa Rosa (Juquira), Iauarete, Periquitos, and Ji-Ponta on Middle Vaupés River. In Colombia: Dormant; Vaupés department: lower Papurí.",bib70,no -2167-location-5,2167,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8349, -69.1918]]}",,,bib5307,no -2167-location-6,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no -2167-location-7,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +2167-location-5,2167,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8349, -69.1918]]}",,,bib5330,no +2167-location-6,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no +2167-location-7,2167,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 2167-speaker_number-1,2167,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 50 of the Wamiarikune dialect. About 40 of the Kumandene dailect (Aikhenvald 2014).",bib348,yes 2167-speakers-1,2167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"About 50 of the Wamiarikune dialect. @@ -20540,14 +20668,14 @@ About 40 of the Kumandene dailect (Aikhenvald 2014).",bib348,yes Dormant in Colombia.",bib70,no 2167-speakers-3,2167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1910"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (speakers); 2002 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"100 in Brazil. Ethnic population: 1,910 (2002 ISA). Dormant in Colombia.",bib70,no -2167-speaker_number-4,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2167-speakers-4,2167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2167-speaker_number-5,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number: Approximately 100 in Brazil. The language is possibly extinct in Colombia,bib1903,no -2167-speakers-5,2167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,244"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number: Approximately 100 in Brazil. The language is possibly extinct in Colombia,bib1903,no +2167-speaker_number-4,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2167-speakers-4,2167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2167-speaker_number-5,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number: Approximately 100 in Brazil. The language is possibly extinct in Colombia,bib1915,no +2167-speakers-5,2167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,244"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number: Approximately 100 in Brazil. The language is possibly extinct in Colombia,bib1915,no 2167-speaker_number-6,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2167-speakers-6,2167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2167-speaker_number-7,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 100 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1914 people in Brazil (2002), and it is possibly extinct in Colombia where it has an ethnic population of 445 people (2001).",bib1902,no -2167-speakers-7,2167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,359"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 100 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1914 people in Brazil (2002), and it is possibly extinct in Colombia where it has an ethnic population of 445 people (2001).",bib1902,no +2167-speaker_number-7,2167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 100 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1914 people in Brazil (2002), and it is possibly extinct in Colombia where it has an ethnic population of 445 people (2001).",bib1914,no +2167-speakers-7,2167,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,359"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 100 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1914 people in Brazil (2002), and it is possibly extinct in Colombia where it has an ethnic population of 445 people (2001).",bib1914,no 2167-LEI-1,2167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib348,yes 2167-transmission-1,2167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib348,yes 2167-speaker_number_trends-1,2167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib348,yes @@ -20558,21 +20686,21 @@ Dormant in Colombia.",bib70,no 2167-transmission-3,2167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 2167-speaker_number_trends-3,2167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2167-vitality-3,2167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2167-LEI-4,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2167-vitality-4,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2167-LEI-5,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2167-vitality-5,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2167-LEI-4,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2167-vitality-4,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2167-LEI-5,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2167-vitality-5,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2167-LEI-6,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2167-vitality-6,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2167-LEI-7,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2167-vitality-7,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2168-location-1,2168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6606, -50.4602]]}",,,bib5307,no -2168-location-2,2168,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2167-LEI-7,2167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2167-vitality-7,2167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2168-location-1,2168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6606, -50.4602]]}",,,bib5330,no +2168-location-2,2168,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2168-location-3,2168,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Mato Grosso, mouth of Tapirap\u00e9 and Araguaia rivers""}",,"Tocantins and Mato Grosso states, mouth of the Tapirapé and Araguaia rivers.",bib67,no -2168-speaker_number-1,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2168-speakers-1,2168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2168-speaker_number-2,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2168-speakers-2,2168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""564"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2168-speaker_number-1,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2168-speakers-1,2168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2168-speaker_number-2,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2168-speakers-2,2168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""564"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2168-speaker_number-3,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2168-speakers-3,2168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2168-speaker_number-4,2168,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (2003 FUNASA) @@ -20581,153 +20709,153 @@ Dormant in Colombia.",bib70,no 2168-speakers-4,2168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2003 FUNASA) 560 (2016).",bib67,no -2168-LEI-1,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2168-vitality-1,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2168-LEI-2,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2168-vitality-2,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2168-LEI-1,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2168-vitality-1,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2168-LEI-2,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2168-vitality-2,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2168-LEI-3,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2168-vitality-3,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2168-LEI-4,2168,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2168-vitality-4,2168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2174-context-1,2174,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -2174-location-1,2174,location,"{""Description"": ""Formerly spoken along the Eel River and its major tributaries in Humboldt and Mendocino Counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[40.188, -123.6477]]}",,,bib5307,no -2174-speakers-1,2174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers,bib5307,no -2174-speakers-2,2174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers,bib5217,yes -2174-LEI-1,2174,LEI,Dormant (),,Dormant. Some speakers survived until the 1970s.,bib5307,no -2174-vitality-1,2174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Dormant. Some speakers survived until the 1970s.,bib5307,no +2174-context-1,2174,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +2174-location-1,2174,location,"{""Description"": ""Formerly spoken along the Eel River and its major tributaries in Humboldt and Mendocino Counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[40.188, -123.6477]]}",,,bib5330,no +2174-speakers-1,2174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers,bib5330,no +2174-speakers-2,2174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers,bib5240,yes +2174-LEI-1,2174,LEI,Dormant (),,Dormant. Some speakers survived until the 1970s.,bib5330,no +2174-vitality-1,2174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Dormant. Some speakers survived until the 1970s.,bib5330,no 2174-LEI-2,2174,LEI,Dormant (),,"Likely dormant. -Golla et al. (2008): ""Semi-fluent speakers of one or more Eel River Athabaskan varieties survived into the 1970s.""",bib5217,yes +Golla et al. (2008): ""Semi-fluent speakers of one or more Eel River Athabaskan varieties survived into the 1970s.""",bib5240,yes 2174-vitality-2,2174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Likely dormant. -Golla et al. (2008): ""Semi-fluent speakers of one or more Eel River Athabaskan varieties survived into the 1970s.""",bib5217,yes +Golla et al. (2008): ""Semi-fluent speakers of one or more Eel River Athabaskan varieties survived into the 1970s.""",bib5240,yes 2175-location-1,2175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.3333333333, -66.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2175-location-2,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""North Bolivia, southeast of Riberalta, along Beni River; east of the Beni; 500 in Pando west of the Beni; in the communities of Baqueti, Bol\u00edvar, California, Galilea, Candelaria, Misi\u00f3n Cavinas, Natividad, Para\u00edso, Pe\u00f1a Guarayo, Santa Catalina, San Juan, San Jos\u00e9, San Miguel, Francia, El Choro.""}",,"North Bolivia, southeast of Riberalta, along Beni River; east of the Beni; 500 in Pando west of the Beni; in the communities of Baqueti, Bolívar, California, Galilea, Candelaria, Misión Cavinas, Natividad, Paraíso, Peña Guarayo, Santa Catalina, San Juan, San José, San Miguel, Francia, El Choro.",bib67,no -2175-location-3,2175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.3829, -66.7419]]}",,,bib2680,no -2175-location-4,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, north, departments of Beni and Pando, provinces of Ballivian, Vaca Diez and Madre de Dios, southeast of Riberalta, along the Beni River.""}",,,bib1903,no -2175-location-5,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""In almost 30 traditional communities of 40 to 140 persons, dispersed in an extensive area near the Beni River, specifically the northern part of the Jos\u00e9 Ballivi\u00e1n province of the department of Beni.""}",,,bib3131,yes -2175-location-6,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,no +2175-location-3,2175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.3829, -66.7419]]}",,,bib2693,no +2175-location-4,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, north, departments of Beni and Pando, provinces of Ballivian, Vaca Diez and Madre de Dios, southeast of Riberalta, along the Beni River.""}",,,bib1915,no +2175-location-5,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""In almost 30 traditional communities of 40 to 140 persons, dispersed in an extensive area near the Beni River, specifically the northern part of the Jos\u00e9 Ballivi\u00e1n province of the department of Beni.""}",,,bib3146,yes +2175-location-6,2175,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,no 2175-speaker_number-1,2175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,680 (2006 PIB). Ethnic population: 2,950 (2001 DNPI) (2013).",bib67,no 2175-speakers-1,2175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,736"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,680 (2006 PIB). Ethnic population: 2,950 (2001 DNPI) (2013).",bib67,no -2175-speaker_number-2,2175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2175-speakers-2,2175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,740"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2175-speaker_number-2,2175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2175-speakers-2,2175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,740"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2175-speaker_number-3,2175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2175-speakers-3,2175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2175-speaker_number-4,2175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3131,yes -2175-speakers-4,2175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3131,yes -2175-speaker_number-5,2175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2175-speakers-5,2175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1683"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""601"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2175-speaker_number-4,2175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3146,yes +2175-speakers-4,2175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3146,yes +2175-speaker_number-5,2175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2175-speakers-5,2175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1683"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""601"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2175-LEI-1,2175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2175-vitality-1,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2175-LEI-2,2175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some communities, such as Riberalta, the language isn't being passed on while in others it's strong.",bib1903,no -2175-vitality-2,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In some communities, such as Riberalta, the language isn't being passed on while in others it's strong.",bib1903,no +2175-LEI-2,2175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some communities, such as Riberalta, the language isn't being passed on while in others it's strong.",bib1915,no +2175-vitality-2,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In some communities, such as Riberalta, the language isn't being passed on while in others it's strong.",bib1915,no 2175-LEI-3,2175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2175-vitality-3,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2175-LEI-4,2175,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3131,yes -2175-vitality-4,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3131,yes -2175-LEI-5,2175,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2175-vitality-5,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2175-LEI-4,2175,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3146,yes +2175-vitality-4,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3146,yes +2175-LEI-5,2175,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2175-vitality-5,2175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2176-location-1,2176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5, -65.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2176-location-2,2176,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Beni Department, west of Mamore River, north of Santa Ana.""}",,"Beni Department, west of Mamore River, north of Santa Ana.",bib67,no -2176-location-3,2176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7903, -65.3247]]}",,,bib2680,no -2176-location-4,2176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7903, -65.3247]]}",,,bib5307,no -2176-location-5,2176,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Exaltacion""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, Province of Yacuma, west of the Mamore River, north of Santa Ana, in the municipality of Exaltacion, mainly in the village of Exaltacion""}",,,bib1903,no -2176-location-6,2176,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Municipio de Exaltaci\u00f3n, departamento de Beni""}",,,bib1900,yes +2176-location-3,2176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7903, -65.3247]]}",,,bib2693,no +2176-location-4,2176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7903, -65.3247]]}",,,bib5330,no +2176-location-5,2176,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Exaltacion""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, Province of Yacuma, west of the Mamore River, north of Santa Ana, in the municipality of Exaltacion, mainly in the village of Exaltacion""}",,,bib1915,no +2176-location-6,2176,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Municipio de Exaltaci\u00f3n, departamento de Beni""}",,,bib1912,yes 2176-speakers-1,2176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""794"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers.""}",,4 (Crevels 2007). 4 elderly speakers and a few semi-speakers (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 650 (2006 PIB) (2013).,bib67,no -2176-speaker_number-2,2176,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2176-speakers-2,2176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2176-speaker_number-3,2176,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2176-speakers-3,2176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""about 3""}",,,bib1903,no +2176-speaker_number-2,2176,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2176-speakers-2,2176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2176-speaker_number-3,2176,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2176-speakers-3,2176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""about 3""}",,,bib1915,no 2176-speakers-4,2176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,"""la lengua cayubaba está al borde de la extinción. Harold Key ... recopiló sus datos del cayubaba entre 1956 y 1962, y por aquel entonces sus informantes principales, Don Pablo Asiama y su esposa Doña Nasia Abareco, sólo podían nombrar a seis personas ancianas que sabían hablar la lengua con soltura. Por lo tanto, podemos decir que ya se ha dejado de hablar el cayubaba desde hace varias generaciones"" (p. 342). -[The Cayubaba language is on the verge of extinction. Harold Key ... collected his data on Cayubaba between 1956 and 1962, and at that time his main informants, Don Pablo and his wife Doña Asiama Nasia Abareco, could only name six elderly persons who could speak the language fluently. Therefore, we can say that Cayubaba ceased to spoken several generations ago].",bib1900,yes +[The Cayubaba language is on the verge of extinction. Harold Key ... collected his data on Cayubaba between 1956 and 1962, and at that time his main informants, Don Pablo and his wife Doña Asiama Nasia Abareco, could only name six elderly persons who could speak the language fluently. Therefore, we can say that Cayubaba ceased to spoken several generations ago].",bib1912,yes 2176-LEI-1,2176,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 2176-vitality-1,2176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -2176-LEI-2,2176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2176-vitality-2,2176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2176-LEI-3,2176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2176-transmission-3,2176,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -2176-domains_of_use-3,2176,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1903,no -2176-speaker_number_trends-3,2176,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -2176-vitality-3,2176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1903,no -2176-LEI-4,2176,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1900,yes -2176-vitality-4,2176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1900,yes -2178-location-1,2178,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5285, -75.5969]]}",,,bib5307,no -2178-location-2,2178,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Province of Loreto, Pampa Hermosa, on a tributary of the Huallaga River.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2178-location-3,2178,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Huallaga River in the department of Loreto.""}",,,bib8124,no +2176-LEI-2,2176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2176-vitality-2,2176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2176-LEI-3,2176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2176-transmission-3,2176,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +2176-domains_of_use-3,2176,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1915,no +2176-speaker_number_trends-3,2176,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +2176-vitality-3,2176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1915,no +2176-LEI-4,2176,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1912,yes +2176-vitality-4,2176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1912,yes +2178-location-1,2178,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5285, -75.5969]]}",,,bib5330,no +2178-location-2,2178,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, Province of Loreto, Pampa Hermosa, on a tributary of the Huallaga River.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2178-location-3,2178,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basin of the Huallaga River in the department of Loreto.""}",,,bib8149,no 2178-location-4,2178,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Pampa Hermosa, Huallaga tributary.""}",,"Loreto Region, Pampa Hermosa, Huallaga tributary.",bib67,no -2178-speaker_number-1,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2178-speakers-1,2178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2178-speaker_number-2,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,yes -2178-speakers-2,2178,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10-20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,yes +2178-speaker_number-1,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2178-speakers-1,2178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2178-speaker_number-2,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,yes +2178-speakers-2,2178,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10-20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,yes 2178-speaker_number-3,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2178-speakers-3,2178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2178-speaker_number-4,2178,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from W. Adelaar (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2178-speakers-4,2178,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10-20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from W. Adelaar (2000). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2178-LEI-1,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2178-vitality-1,2178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2178-LEI-2,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2178-transmission-2,2178,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,yes -2178-domains_of_use-2,2178,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1903,yes -2178-speaker_number_trends-2,2178,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,yes -2178-vitality-2,2178,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1903,yes +2178-LEI-1,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2178-vitality-1,2178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2178-LEI-2,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2178-transmission-2,2178,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,yes +2178-domains_of_use-2,2178,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1915,yes +2178-speaker_number_trends-2,2178,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,yes +2178-vitality-2,2178,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1915,yes 2178-LEI-3,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2178-vitality-3,2178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2178-LEI-4,2178,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2178-vitality-4,2178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2187-context-1,2187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib2671,no -2187-context-2,2187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1903,no -2187-location-1,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Esmeraldas province""}",,,bib2671,no +2187-context-1,2187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib2684,no +2187-context-2,2187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib1915,no +2187-location-1,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Esmeraldas province""}",,,bib2684,no 2187-location-2,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.666666666667, -79.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2187-location-3,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,"North coastal jungle, Esmeraldas Province, Cayapas River and tributaries (Onzole, Canandé, Sucio, Cojimíes, and others).",bib67,no -2187-location-4,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9386, -79.0055]]}",,,bib5307,no -2187-location-5,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Ecuador, north coastal jungle, Province of Esmeraldas, between the Cayapa, Santiago, Onzole and Canande rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2187-location-6,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2187-speaker_number-1,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of people who answered 'Cha'palaa' to the census question 'what language do you speak?' was 9,393 in 2010. This is about 8,700 living in the home province of Esmeraldas and the rest having migrated to other areas. The people who said they were ethnically Chachi were a bit more, at 10,222, so there are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.",bib2671,no -2187-speakers-1,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,222"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,393"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of people who answered 'Cha'palaa' to the census question 'what language do you speak?' was 9,393 in 2010. This is about 8,700 living in the home province of Esmeraldas and the rest having migrated to other areas. The people who said they were ethnically Chachi were a bit more, at 10,222, so there are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.",bib2671,no +2187-location-4,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9386, -79.0055]]}",,,bib5330,no +2187-location-5,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Ecuador, north coastal jungle, Province of Esmeraldas, between the Cayapa, Santiago, Onzole and Canande rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2187-location-6,2187,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2187-speaker_number-1,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of people who answered 'Cha'palaa' to the census question 'what language do you speak?' was 9,393 in 2010. This is about 8,700 living in the home province of Esmeraldas and the rest having migrated to other areas. The people who said they were ethnically Chachi were a bit more, at 10,222, so there are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.",bib2684,no +2187-speakers-1,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,222"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,393"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of people who answered 'Cha'palaa' to the census question 'what language do you speak?' was 9,393 in 2010. This is about 8,700 living in the home province of Esmeraldas and the rest having migrated to other areas. The people who said they were ethnically Chachi were a bit more, at 10,222, so there are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.",bib2684,no 2187-speaker_number-2,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,9390 (2016).,bib67,no 2187-speakers-2,2187,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,9390 (2016).,bib67,no -2187-speaker_number-3,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2187-speakers-3,2187,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2187-speaker_number-4,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2187-speakers-4,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2187-speaker_number-3,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2187-speakers-3,2187,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2187-speaker_number-4,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2187-speakers-4,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2187-speaker_number-5,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2187-speakers-5,2187,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2187-speaker_number-6,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2187-speakers-6,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5871"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,465"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes -2187-LEI-1,2187,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2671,no -2187-transmission-1,2187,transmission,1,transmission-1,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2671,no -2187-speaker_number_trends-1,2187,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2671,no -2187-vitality-1,2187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2671,no +2187-speaker_number-6,2187,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2187-speakers-6,2187,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5871"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,465"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes +2187-LEI-1,2187,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2684,no +2187-transmission-1,2187,transmission,1,transmission-1,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2684,no +2187-speaker_number_trends-1,2187,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2684,no +2187-vitality-1,2187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are about 10% ethnic Chachis who say they don't speak the language.,bib2684,no 2187-LEI-2,2187,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2187-vitality-2,2187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2187-LEI-3,2187,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2187-vitality-3,2187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2187-LEI-4,2187,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1903,no -2187-speaker_number_trends-4,2187,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1903,no -2187-vitality-4,2187,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1903,no +2187-LEI-3,2187,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2187-vitality-3,2187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2187-LEI-4,2187,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1915,no +2187-speaker_number_trends-4,2187,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1915,no +2187-vitality-4,2187,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most elders and pre-school aged children are monolingual speakers.,bib1915,no 2187-LEI-5,2187,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2187-vitality-5,2187,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2187-LEI-6,2187,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2187-transmission-6,2187,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1902,yes -2187-vitality-6,2187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1902,yes +2187-LEI-6,2187,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2187-transmission-6,2187,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1914,yes +2187-vitality-6,2187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1914,yes 2188-context-1,2188,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -2188-context-2,2188,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual education in some communities.""}",,,bib1903,no -2188-location-1,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Paranapura, Carhuapanas, and Huallaga rivers, in the departments of Loreto and San Mart\u00edn, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2188-context-2,2188,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual education in some communities.""}",,,bib1915,no +2188-location-1,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Paranapura, Carhuapanas, and Huallaga rivers, in the departments of Loreto and San Mart\u00edn, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2188-location-2,2188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2188-location-3,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto and San Martin regions; Paranapura, Cahuapanas, Sillay, and Shanusi rivers.""}",,"Loreto and San Martin regions; Paranapura, Cahuapanas, Sillay, and Shanusi rivers.",bib67,yes 2188-location-4,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Loreto and San Martin regions: Cahuapanas, Paranapura, Shanusi, and Sillay rivers.",bib70,no -2188-location-5,2188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3425, -76.6955]]}",,,bib5307,no -2188-location-6,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the Paranapura River and its tributaries.""}",,,bib1903,no +2188-location-5,2188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3425, -76.6955]]}",,,bib5330,no +2188-location-6,2188,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru, along the Paranapura River and its tributaries.""}",,,bib1915,no 2188-speaker_number-1,2188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 2188-speakers-1,2188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 2188-speaker_number-2,2188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 2188-speakers-2,2188,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7870"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -2188-speaker_number-3,2188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2188-speakers-3,2188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2188-speaker_number-4,2188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2188-speakers-4,2188,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,870-12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,870-12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2188-speaker_number-3,2188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2188-speakers-3,2188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2188-speaker_number-4,2188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2188-speakers-4,2188,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,870-12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,870-12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2188-speaker_number-5,2188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2188-speakers-5,2188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,384"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2188-LEI-1,2188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -20736,1776 +20864,1834 @@ Golla et al. (2008): ""Semi-fluent speakers of one or more Eel River Athabaskan 2188-transmission-2,2188,transmission,0,transmission-0,All ages.,bib70,no 2188-speaker_number_trends-2,2188,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,All ages.,bib70,no 2188-vitality-2,2188,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All ages.,bib70,no -2188-LEI-3,2188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2188-vitality-3,2188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2188-LEI-4,2188,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1903,no -2188-transmission-4,2188,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1903,no -2188-vitality-4,2188,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1903,no +2188-LEI-3,2188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2188-vitality-3,2188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2188-LEI-4,2188,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1915,no +2188-transmission-4,2188,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1915,no +2188-vitality-4,2188,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Most children learn the language, but some are stimulated by their parents to speak Spanish only.",bib1915,no 2188-LEI-5,2188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2188-vitality-5,2188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2205-context-1,2205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese; Kimbundu"", ""Government Support"": ""Angola's Institute of National Languages ((Instituto de L\u00ednguas Nacionais, ILN)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some speakers are concerned about Portuguese slowly replacing Kibala, while others feel Kibala is still vital.""}",,Common Portuguese loanwords are used interchangeably with Kibala in some communities.,bib4897,yes -2205-location-1,2205,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5526, 14.9633]]}",,,bib5307,no -2205-location-2,2205,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in the Kibala, Cela, and Ebo municipos of Kwanza Sul Province, Angola""], ""Coordinates"": [[-10.4355, 14.5901]]}",,,bib4897,yes +2205-context-1,2205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese; Kimbundu"", ""Government Support"": ""Angola's Institute of National Languages ((Instituto de L\u00ednguas Nacionais, ILN)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some speakers are concerned about Portuguese slowly replacing Kibala, while others feel Kibala is still vital.""}",,Common Portuguese loanwords are used interchangeably with Kibala in some communities.,bib4919,yes +2205-location-1,2205,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5526, 14.9633]]}",,,bib5330,no +2205-location-2,2205,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in the Kibala, Cela, and Ebo municipos of Kwanza Sul Province, Angola""], ""Coordinates"": [[-10.4355, 14.5901]]}",,,bib4919,yes 2205-location-3,2205,location,"{""Places"": [""Kwanza Sul Province, Angola""]}",,,bib67,no -2205-speaker_number-1,2205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2205-speakers-1,2205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,627"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2205-speaker_number-1,2205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2205-speakers-1,2205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,627"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2205-speaker_number-2,2205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2205-speakers-2,2205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,627"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2205-speaker_number-3,2205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 2205-speakers-3,2205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -2205-LEI-1,2205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2205-vitality-1,2205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2205-LEI-2,2205,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4897,yes -2205-transmission-2,2205,transmission,1,transmission-1,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4897,yes -2205-speaker_number_trends-2,2205,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4897,yes -2205-vitality-2,2205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4897,yes +2205-LEI-1,2205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2205-vitality-1,2205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2205-LEI-2,2205,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4919,yes +2205-transmission-2,2205,transmission,1,transmission-1,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4919,yes +2205-speaker_number_trends-2,2205,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4919,yes +2205-vitality-2,2205,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Youth may understand Kibala but feel more comfortable speaking Portuguese.,bib4919,yes 2205-LEI-3,2205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2205-vitality-3,2205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2205-LEI-4,2205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2205-vitality-4,2205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2206-context-1,2206,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa with non-Pongu people and at market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Radio Niger has a \u201crequest\u201d program in the Pongu language three times a week."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Widespread bilingualism in Hausa""}",,The Pongu display a strong interest in maintaining their own language and culture. ,bib2106,yes -2206-location-1,2206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.165, -3.4277]]}",,,bib5307,no +2206-context-1,2206,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa with non-Pongu people and at market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Radio Niger has a \u201crequest\u201d program in the Pongu language three times a week."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Widespread bilingualism in Hausa""}",,The Pongu display a strong interest in maintaining their own language and culture. ,bib2119,yes +2206-location-1,2206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.165, -3.4277]]}",,,bib5330,no 2206-location-2,2206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0833333333, 6.33333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2206-location-3,2206,location,"{""Description"": ""Gumna District and Tegina District""}",,,bib2106,yes +2206-location-3,2206,location,"{""Description"": ""Gumna District and Tegina District""}",,,bib2119,yes 2206-location-4,2206,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Burkina Faso""]}",,,bib67,no -2206-speaker_number-1,2206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2206-speakers-1,2206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2206-speaker_number-2,2206,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2106,yes -2206-speakers-2,2206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2106,yes +2206-speaker_number-1,2206,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2206-speakers-1,2206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2206-speaker_number-2,2206,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2119,yes +2206-speakers-2,2206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2119,yes 2206-speaker_number-3,2206,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,no 2206-speakers-3,2206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,no -2206-LEI-1,2206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2206-vitality-1,2206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2206-LEI-2,2206,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2106,yes -2206-transmission-2,2206,transmission,0,transmission-0,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2106,yes -2206-vitality-2,2206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2106,yes +2206-LEI-1,2206,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2206-vitality-1,2206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2206-LEI-2,2206,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2119,yes +2206-transmission-2,2206,transmission,0,transmission-0,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2119,yes +2206-vitality-2,2206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,We did not meet anyone who is ethnically Pongu but does not use Pongu as his mother tongue.,bib2119,yes 2206-LEI-3,2206,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2206-vitality-3,2206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2207-context-1,2207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French in schools and churches""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Balom, Bape, Bafia, Nigi, Cameroonian Pidgin English, Duala, Ewondo, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib1105,yes +2207-context-1,2207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French in schools and churches""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Balom, Bape, Bafia, Nigi, Cameroonian Pidgin English, Duala, Ewondo, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib1114,yes 2207-location-1,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -2207-location-2,2207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.7078, 10.6567]]}",,,bib5307,no -2207-location-3,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nguti, (West) Cameroun""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.337114, 9.420347]]}",,,bib7838,no -2207-location-4,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""on the south bank of the River Mbam just below its confluence with the River Noun""}",,,bib6944,no -2207-location-5,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Centre Province of Cameroon, Mbam Division, Bafia Sub-Division. It is spoken in the Mbong quarter of the village of Kalong and in the village of Dii in the Yambeta canton."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.85, 11.1166667]]}",,,bib1105,yes -2207-location-6,2207,location,"{""Description"": ""Two villages, Mbong and Dii, in the Canton Yambetta.""}",,,bib7615,no +2207-location-2,2207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.7078, 10.6567]]}",,,bib5330,no +2207-location-3,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nguti, (West) Cameroun""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.337114, 9.420347]]}",,,bib7863,no +2207-location-4,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""on the south bank of the River Mbam just below its confluence with the River Noun""}",,,bib6968,no +2207-location-5,2207,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Centre Province of Cameroon, Mbam Division, Bafia Sub-Division. It is spoken in the Mbong quarter of the village of Kalong and in the village of Dii in the Yambeta canton."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.85, 11.1166667]]}",,,bib1114,yes +2207-location-6,2207,location,"{""Description"": ""Two villages, Mbong and Dii, in the Canton Yambetta.""}",,,bib7640,no 2207-speaker_number-1,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2207-speakers-1,2207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2207-speaker_number-2,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2207-speakers-2,2207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2207-speaker_number-2,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2207-speakers-2,2207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2207-speaker_number-3,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2207-speakers-3,2207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2207-speakers-4,2207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-50000""}",,"Different speaker number counts cited range from ""a handful of people"" (Guthrie 1953) to circa 50 (Bryan 1959: 13) to an estimated 50000 (Welmers 1971: 816) (""which might be the total number of people belonging to the ethnic group"").",bib6944,no -2207-speaker_number-5,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the village chiefs, the present resident population is less than 200 persons, about one hundred in Dii and forty in Mbong... the total number of speakers of Dimbong is fewer than three hundred persons, and many of the young people have left for the cities, or even for other countries. There are now fewer than 150 resident speakers (in two villages).",bib1105,yes -2207-speakers-5,2207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the village chiefs, the present resident population is less than 200 persons, about one hundred in Dii and forty in Mbong... the total number of speakers of Dimbong is fewer than three hundred persons, and many of the young people have left for the cities, or even for other countries. There are now fewer than 150 resident speakers (in two villages).",bib1105,yes +2207-speakers-4,2207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-50000""}",,"Different speaker number counts cited range from ""a handful of people"" (Guthrie 1953) to circa 50 (Bryan 1959: 13) to an estimated 50000 (Welmers 1971: 816) (""which might be the total number of people belonging to the ethnic group"").",bib6968,no +2207-speaker_number-5,2207,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the village chiefs, the present resident population is less than 200 persons, about one hundred in Dii and forty in Mbong... the total number of speakers of Dimbong is fewer than three hundred persons, and many of the young people have left for the cities, or even for other countries. There are now fewer than 150 resident speakers (in two villages).",bib1114,yes +2207-speakers-5,2207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the village chiefs, the present resident population is less than 200 persons, about one hundred in Dii and forty in Mbong... the total number of speakers of Dimbong is fewer than three hundred persons, and many of the young people have left for the cities, or even for other countries. There are now fewer than 150 resident speakers (in two villages).",bib1114,yes 2207-LEI-1,2207,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2207-vitality-1,2207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2207-LEI-2,2207,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2207-vitality-2,2207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2207-LEI-2,2207,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2207-vitality-2,2207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2207-LEI-3,2207,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2207-vitality-3,2207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2207-LEI-4,2207,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1105,yes -2207-transmission-4,2207,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1105,yes -2207-vitality-4,2207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1105,yes -2209-location-1,2209,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.712976, 53.351941]]}",,,bib1125,no -2209-location-2,2209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8795, 51.6796]]}",,,bib5307,yes +2207-LEI-4,2207,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1114,yes +2207-transmission-4,2207,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1114,yes +2207-vitality-4,2207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Children use Dimbong in play, and it is said that the young people do speak the language correctly. In the group interview at Dii, it was reported that even children born outside the area to parents from Dii could speak the mother tongue.",bib1114,yes +2209-location-1,2209,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.712976, 53.351941]]}",,,bib1134,no +2209-location-2,2209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8795, 51.6796]]}",,,bib5330,yes 2209-location-3,2209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.690497, 49.392081]]}",,,bib75,no 2209-location-4,2209,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Esfahan Province, Kashan and Esfahan areas.""}",,,bib67,no -2209-speaker_number-1,2209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -2209-speakers-1,2209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes +2209-speaker_number-1,2209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +2209-speakers-1,2209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes 2209-speaker_number-2,2209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2209-speakers-2,2209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,099"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2209-speaker_number-3,2209,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2209-speakers-3,2209,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2209-LEI-2,2209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -2209-vitality-2,2209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +2209-LEI-2,2209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +2209-vitality-2,2209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 2209-LEI-3,2209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2209-vitality-3,2209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2209-LEI-4,2209,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2209-vitality-4,2209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2210-location-1,2210,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Kung."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.562217, 10.2216]]}",,,bib2118,yes -2210-location-2,2210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5227, 10.1074]]}",,,bib5307,no +2210-location-1,2210,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Kung."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.562217, 10.2216]]}",,,bib2131,yes +2210-location-2,2210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5227, 10.1074]]}",,,bib5330,no 2210-location-3,2210,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -2210-speaker_number-1,2210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -2210-speakers-1,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -2210-speaker_number-2,2210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2210-speakers-2,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2210-speaker_number-1,2210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +2210-speakers-1,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +2210-speaker_number-2,2210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2210-speakers-2,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2210-speaker_number-3,2210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2210-speakers-3,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2210-speaker_number-4,2210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,750 (2001 SIL)",bib67,no 2210-speakers-4,2210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,750 (2001 SIL)",bib67,no -2210-LEI-1,2210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -2210-vitality-1,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -2210-LEI-2,2210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2210-vitality-2,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2210-LEI-1,2210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +2210-vitality-1,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +2210-LEI-2,2210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2210-vitality-2,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2210-LEI-3,2210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2210-vitality-3,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2210-LEI-4,2210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2210-vitality-4,2210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2211-context-1,2211,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib213,no -2211-location-1,2211,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several villages, including\nKhutrakh, Kidero, Khupri, Shaitl, Mikok, Tsebari, Asakh, Shapikh and Sagada, in Tsunta County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation, and in a number of expatriate communities elsewhere in Daghestan as well as in Turkey.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2211-location-1,2211,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several villages, including\nKhutrakh, Kidero, Khupri, Shaitl, Mikok, Tsebari, Asakh, Shapikh and Sagada, in Tsunta County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation, and in a number of expatriate communities elsewhere in Daghestan as well as in Turkey.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2211-location-2,2211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.25, 45.75]]}",,,bib216,no 2211-location-3,2211,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2211-location-4,2211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.2376, 45.8734]]}",,,bib5307,no +2211-location-4,2211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.2376, 45.8734]]}",,,bib5330,no 2211-location-5,2211,location,"{""Description"": ""The Didos live in Dagestan, on the upper reaches of the Andi-Koisu river. The largest villages (Kidero, Gudatl, Azilta, Shaitl, Kituri, Asakh, Retlob, Shapikh, Hupri, Sagada, Mitluda and Tsibari) are situated in the Tsunta District of Dagestan. Some families have settled in the lowland villages of Dagestan.""}",,,bib213,no -2211-speaker_number-1,2211,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -2211-speakers-1,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000-8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2211-speaker_number-1,2211,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +2211-speakers-1,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000-8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2211-speaker_number-2,2211,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,no 2211-speakers-2,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,no -2211-speaker_number-3,2211,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2211-speakers-3,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,356"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2211-speaker_number-3,2211,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2211-speakers-3,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,356"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2211-speaker_number-4,2211,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2211-speakers-4,2211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2211-speaker_number-5,2211,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 2211-speakers-5,2211,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,839"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -2211-LEI-1,2211,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2211-vitality-1,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6474,yes +2211-LEI-1,2211,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2211-vitality-1,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6498,yes 2211-LEI-2,2211,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2211-vitality-2,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2211-LEI-3,2211,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2211-vitality-3,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2211-LEI-3,2211,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2211-vitality-3,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2211-LEI-4,2211,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2211-vitality-4,2211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2211-LEI-5,2211,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2211-domains_of_use-5,2211,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 2211-vitality-5,2211,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no 2213-context-1,2213,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2213-context-2,2213,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6473,yes +2213-context-2,2213,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6497,yes 2213-location-1,2213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.25, 98.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2213-location-2,2213,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2213-location-3,2213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.3851, 97.3388]]}",,,bib5307,no +2213-location-3,2213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.3851, 97.3388]]}",,,bib5330,no 2213-location-4,2213,location,"{""Description"": ""The Dolgans inhabit an area in the southern part of the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) National Territory, in the Khatanga and Pyassina river basins, and to a lesser extent on the Yenisey (the Dudinka district). A few dozen Dolgans live in Yakutia, on the lower reaches of the River Anabar. On the Taimyr Peninsula the Dolgans are the most numerous indigenous ethnic group.""}",,,bib213,no -2213-location-5,2213,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Taymyr Penninsula""]}",,,bib6473,yes +2213-location-5,2213,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Taymyr Penninsula""]}",,,bib6497,yes 2213-speaker_number-1,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no 2213-speakers-1,2213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,261"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no -2213-speaker_number-2,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2213-speakers-2,2213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,865"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2213-speaker_number-2,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2213-speakers-2,2213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,865"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2213-speaker_number-3,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2213-speakers-3,2213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2213-speakers-4,2213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979""}",,,bib213,no -2213-speaker_number-5,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6473,yes -2213-speakers-5,2213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6473,yes +2213-speaker_number-5,2213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6497,yes +2213-speakers-5,2213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6497,yes 2213-LEI-1,2213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2213-vitality-1,2213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2213-LEI-2,2213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2213-vitality-2,2213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2213-LEI-2,2213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2213-vitality-2,2213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2213-LEI-3,2213,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2213-vitality-3,2213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2213-LEI-4,2213,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6473,yes -2213-transmission-4,2213,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6473,yes -2213-vitality-4,2213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6473,yes +2213-LEI-4,2213,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6497,yes +2213-transmission-4,2213,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6497,yes +2213-vitality-4,2213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6497,yes 2214-location-1,2214,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.63, 135.48]]}",,,bib75,no 2214-location-2,2214,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Miosnum and west Serui islands, Wooi and Wainap villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.66, 135.556]]}",,,bib67,yes 2214-speaker_number-1,2214,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2214-speakers-1,2214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 2214-LEI-1,2214,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2214-vitality-1,2214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2215-location-1,2215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.657, 145.5001]]}",,,bib5307,no -2215-location-2,2215,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the Upper Ramu River, near Usino.""}",,,bib7937,no +2215-location-1,2215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.657, 145.5001]]}",,,bib5330,no +2215-location-2,2215,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the Upper Ramu River, near Usino.""}",,,bib7962,no 2215-location-3,2215,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2215-speaker_number-1,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are fairly old. Children are not learning the language.,bib1976,yes -2215-speakers-1,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are fairly old. Children are not learning the language.,bib1976,yes -2215-speaker_number-2,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2215-speakers-2,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2215-speaker_number-3,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-seven speakers were reported. There are still fifty or more speakers today.",bib7937,no -2215-speakers-3,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-seven speakers were reported. There are still fifty or more speakers today.",bib7937,no +2215-speaker_number-1,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are fairly old. Children are not learning the language.,bib1988,yes +2215-speakers-1,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are fairly old. Children are not learning the language.,bib1988,yes +2215-speaker_number-2,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2215-speakers-2,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2215-speaker_number-3,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-seven speakers were reported. There are still fifty or more speakers today.",bib7962,no +2215-speakers-3,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-seven speakers were reported. There are still fifty or more speakers today.",bib7962,no 2215-speaker_number-4,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2215-speakers-4,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2215-speaker_number-5,2215,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2215-speakers-5,2215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Wurm)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -2215-LEI-1,2215,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2215-transmission-1,2215,transmission,5,transmission-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2215-speaker_number_trends-1,2215,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2215-vitality-1,2215,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1976,yes -2215-LEI-2,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2215-vitality-2,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2215-LEI-3,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large related neighbouring languages such as Usino, and of Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7937,no -2215-vitality-3,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large related neighbouring languages such as Usino, and of Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7937,no +2215-LEI-1,2215,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2215-transmission-1,2215,transmission,5,transmission-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2215-speaker_number_trends-1,2215,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2215-vitality-1,2215,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The number of speakers is declining rapidly.,bib1988,yes +2215-LEI-2,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2215-vitality-2,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2215-LEI-3,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large related neighbouring languages such as Usino, and of Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7962,no +2215-vitality-3,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large related neighbouring languages such as Usino, and of Tok Pisin, the Papua New Guinea national language.",bib7962,no 2215-LEI-4,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2215-vitality-4,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2215-LEI-5,2215,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2215-vitality-5,2215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2216-context-1,2216,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Tok Pisin and Taiap are used in constant interplay,bib4402,no -2216-location-1,2216,location,"{""Description"": ""Village of Gapun, located on the north coast of Papua New Guinea (some 10 miles inland) near the border of East Sepik and Madang provinces.""}",,,bib3265,yes +2216-context-1,2216,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,Tok Pisin and Taiap are used in constant interplay,bib4423,no +2216-location-1,2216,location,"{""Description"": ""Village of Gapun, located on the north coast of Papua New Guinea (some 10 miles inland) near the border of East Sepik and Madang provinces.""}",,,bib3281,yes 2216-location-2,2216,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.08333333333, 144.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2216-location-3,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gapun village""}",,,bib4402,no -2216-location-4,2216,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.1, 144.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -2216-location-5,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gapun village""}",,,bib4545,no +2216-location-3,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gapun village""}",,,bib4423,no +2216-location-4,2216,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.1, 144.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +2216-location-5,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gapun village""}",,,bib4566,no 2216-location-6,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Gapun village.""}",,,bib69,no -2216-location-7,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern corner of the East Sepik Province. Spoken inland, south of the Sepik River mouth.""}",,,bib7937,no -2216-speaker_number-1,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The detailed sociolinguistic fieldwork by Kulick and Stroud (1990) counted exactly 89 fluent Taiap speakers, all multilingual to various degrees, but already by then no child under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3265,yes -2216-speakers-1,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The detailed sociolinguistic fieldwork by Kulick and Stroud (1990) counted exactly 89 fluent Taiap speakers, all multilingual to various degrees, but already by then no child under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3265,yes -2216-speaker_number-2,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"38 married or previously married adults + 13 unmarried teenagers + 46 children under 13 = 97 villagers. ""[N]one of the 32 village children aged 1-8 actively uses the village vernacular in verbal interactions.""",bib4402,no -2216-speakers-2,2216,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""97"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"38 married or previously married adults + 13 unmarried teenagers + 46 children under 13 = 97 villagers. ""[N]one of the 32 village children aged 1-8 actively uses the village vernacular in verbal interactions.""",bib4402,no -2216-speaker_number-3,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2216-speakers-3,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""89"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2216-speaker_number-4,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,no -2216-speakers-4,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""74"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,no +2216-location-7,2216,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern corner of the East Sepik Province. Spoken inland, south of the Sepik River mouth.""}",,,bib7962,no +2216-speaker_number-1,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The detailed sociolinguistic fieldwork by Kulick and Stroud (1990) counted exactly 89 fluent Taiap speakers, all multilingual to various degrees, but already by then no child under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3281,yes +2216-speakers-1,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The detailed sociolinguistic fieldwork by Kulick and Stroud (1990) counted exactly 89 fluent Taiap speakers, all multilingual to various degrees, but already by then no child under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3281,yes +2216-speaker_number-2,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"38 married or previously married adults + 13 unmarried teenagers + 46 children under 13 = 97 villagers. ""[N]one of the 32 village children aged 1-8 actively uses the village vernacular in verbal interactions.""",bib4423,no +2216-speakers-2,2216,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""97"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"38 married or previously married adults + 13 unmarried teenagers + 46 children under 13 = 97 villagers. ""[N]one of the 32 village children aged 1-8 actively uses the village vernacular in verbal interactions.""",bib4423,no +2216-speaker_number-3,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2216-speakers-3,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""89"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2216-speaker_number-4,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,no +2216-speakers-4,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""74"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,no 2216-speaker_number-5,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2216-speakers-5,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2216-speaker_number-6,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2007),bib69,no 2216-speakers-6,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2007),bib69,no -2216-speaker_number-7,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1987, 89 speakers were reported. No speakers under 10–12 years old then. More recent estimates mention seventy-four, mostly middle-aged or older.",bib7937,no -2216-speakers-7,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""74"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1987, 89 speakers were reported. No speakers under 10–12 years old then. More recent estimates mention seventy-four, mostly middle-aged or older.",bib7937,no -2216-LEI-1,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3265,yes -2216-transmission-1,2216,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3265,yes -2216-vitality-1,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3265,yes -2216-LEI-2,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4402,no -2216-transmission-2,2216,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4402,no -2216-vitality-2,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4402,no -2216-LEI-3,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2216-vitality-3,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2216-LEI-4,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2216-vitality-4,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2216-speaker_number-7,2216,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1987, 89 speakers were reported. No speakers under 10–12 years old then. More recent estimates mention seventy-four, mostly middle-aged or older.",bib7962,no +2216-speakers-7,2216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""74"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1987, 89 speakers were reported. No speakers under 10–12 years old then. More recent estimates mention seventy-four, mostly middle-aged or older.",bib7962,no +2216-LEI-1,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3281,yes +2216-transmission-1,2216,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3281,yes +2216-vitality-1,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In 1990, no children under 10 had an active command of Taiap.",bib3281,yes +2216-LEI-2,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4423,no +2216-transmission-2,2216,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4423,no +2216-vitality-2,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4423,no +2216-LEI-3,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2216-vitality-3,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2216-LEI-4,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2216-vitality-4,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2216-LEI-5,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2216-vitality-5,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2216-LEI-6,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2216-vitality-6,2216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2216-LEI-7,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2216-transmission-7,2216,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7937,no -2216-speaker_number_trends-7,2216,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7937,no -2216-vitality-7,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no -2217-context-1,2217,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wedau, Tok Pisin""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large related Wedau language, their western neighbour, and there is pressure from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2217-location-1,2217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.2284, 150.4083]]}",,,bib5307,no -2217-location-2,2217,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the northern part of the eastern extremity of the Papua New Guinea mainland, near East Cape.""}",,,bib7937,no +2216-LEI-7,2216,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2216-transmission-7,2216,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7962,no +2216-speaker_number_trends-7,2216,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7962,no +2216-vitality-7,2216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no +2217-context-1,2217,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wedau, Tok Pisin""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large related Wedau language, their western neighbour, and there is pressure from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2217-location-1,2217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.2284, 150.4083]]}",,,bib5330,no +2217-location-2,2217,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken on the northern part of the eastern extremity of the Papua New Guinea mainland, near East Cape.""}",,,bib7962,no 2217-location-3,2217,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2217-speaker_number-1,2217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2217-speakers-1,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2217-speaker_number-2,2217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 225 speakers were reported. Today there are likely to be less.",bib7937,no -2217-speakers-2,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 225 speakers were reported. Today there are likely to be less.",bib7937,no +2217-speaker_number-1,2217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2217-speakers-1,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2217-speaker_number-2,2217,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 225 speakers were reported. Today there are likely to be less.",bib7962,no +2217-speakers-2,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 225 speakers were reported. Today there are likely to be less.",bib7962,no 2217-speaker_number-3,2217,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2217-speakers-3,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2217-speaker_number-4,2217,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,yes 2217-speakers-4,2217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,yes -2217-LEI-1,2217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2217-vitality-1,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2217-LEI-2,2217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2217-vitality-2,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2217-LEI-1,2217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2217-vitality-1,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2217-LEI-2,2217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2217-vitality-2,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2217-LEI-3,2217,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2217-vitality-3,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2217-LEI-4,2217,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2217-vitality-4,2217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2218-context-1,2218,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banaro [byz]""}",,,bib69,no -2218-context-2,2218,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banaro""}",,,bib7937,yes -2218-location-1,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Part of Bangapella\"" village.""}",,"The village of Gorovu was formerly located further inland towards the Keram River (4""29' longitude, 144""34' latitude), but was translocated recently to Bangapella village on the Ramu River. Its inhabitants form now one village with the former Bingos (Banaro speaking).",bib8010,no +2218-context-2,2218,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banaro""}",,,bib7962,yes +2218-location-1,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Part of Bangapella\"" village.""}",,"The village of Gorovu was formerly located further inland towards the Keram River (4""29' longitude, 144""34' latitude), but was translocated recently to Bangapella village on the Ramu River. Its inhabitants form now one village with the former Bingos (Banaro speaking).",bib8035,no 2218-location-2,2218,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.53, 144.59]]}",,,bib75,no -2218-location-3,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bangapella village""}",,"""The former village of Gorovu has merged with that of Bangapella, so that only part of Bangapella is Gorovu-speaking."" Bangapella is otherwise Banaro-speaking.",bib4545,no +2218-location-3,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bangapella village""}",,"""The former village of Gorovu has merged with that of Bangapella, so that only part of Bangapella is Gorovu-speaking."" Bangapella is otherwise Banaro-speaking.",bib4566,no 2218-location-4,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram district, Ramu river, Bangapela village; Madang Province, Bogia district, Iabu RLLG.""}",,,bib69,no -2218-location-5,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Extreme southeastern corner of the East Sepik Province. Spoken on the lower Ramu River, southeast of Komtina.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2218-speaker_number-1,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8010,no -2218-speakers-1,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib8010,no -2218-speaker_number-2,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -2218-speakers-2,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +2218-location-5,2218,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Extreme southeastern corner of the East Sepik Province. Spoken on the lower Ramu River, southeast of Komtina.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2218-speaker_number-1,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib8035,no +2218-speakers-1,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib8035,no +2218-speaker_number-2,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +2218-speakers-2,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 2218-speaker_number-3,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2218-speakers-3,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2218-speaker_number-4,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 2218-speakers-4,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -2218-speaker_number-5,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported, but now there only are twenty or less.",bib7937,yes -2218-speakers-5,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported, but now there only are twenty or less.",bib7937,yes -2218-LEI-1,2218,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,no -2218-vitality-1,2218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,no -2218-LEI-2,2218,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2218-vitality-2,2218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2218-speaker_number-5,2218,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported, but now there only are twenty or less.",bib7962,yes +2218-speakers-5,2218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported, but now there only are twenty or less.",bib7962,yes +2218-LEI-1,2218,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,no +2218-vitality-1,2218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,no +2218-LEI-2,2218,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2218-vitality-2,2218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2218-LEI-3,2218,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2218-vitality-3,2218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2218-LEI-4,2218,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2218-transmission-4,2218,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib69,no 2218-domains_of_use-4,2218,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib69,no 2218-vitality-4,2218,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib69,no -2218-LEI-5,2218,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7937,yes -2218-speaker_number_trends-5,2218,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7937,yes -2218-vitality-5,2218,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7937,yes +2218-LEI-5,2218,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7962,yes +2218-speaker_number_trends-5,2218,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7962,yes +2218-vitality-5,2218,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers are shifting to the large related Banaro language, the western neighbour of Gorovu.",bib7962,yes 2219-location-1,2219,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province""}",,,bib69,no 2219-location-2,2219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.27, 152.93]]}",,,bib75,no -2219-location-3,2219,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province""}",,,bib7937,no -2219-location-4,2219,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""It used to be spoken on the southeast coast of New Ireland Province, somewhere between the Siar area and the Konomala area""}",,,bib2771,yes +2219-location-3,2219,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province""}",,,bib7962,no +2219-location-4,2219,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""It used to be spoken on the southeast coast of New Ireland Province, somewhere between the Siar area and the Konomala area""}",,,bib2785,yes 2219-speaker_number-1,2219,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2219-speakers-1,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2219-speakers-2,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. 3–4 speakers in 1987. Now probably extinct.,bib69,no -2219-speaker_number-3,2219,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"It had three or four speakers in 1987, but is now probably extinct.",bib7937,no -2219-speakers-3,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"It had three or four speakers in 1987, but is now probably extinct.",bib7937,no -2219-speakers-4,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,There are only a few Siar speakers who have passive knowledge of Guramalum.,bib2771,yes +2219-speaker_number-3,2219,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"It had three or four speakers in 1987, but is now probably extinct.",bib7962,no +2219-speakers-3,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"It had three or four speakers in 1987, but is now probably extinct.",bib7962,no +2219-speakers-4,2219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,There are only a few Siar speakers who have passive knowledge of Guramalum.,bib2785,yes 2219-LEI-1,2219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2219-vitality-1,2219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2219-LEI-2,2219,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 2219-vitality-2,2219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -2219-LEI-3,2219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2219-transmission-3,2219,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -2219-speaker_number_trends-3,2219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -2219-vitality-3,2219,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no -2219-LEI-4,2219,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2771,yes -2219-vitality-4,2219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2771,yes -2220-context-1,2220,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Toaripi""}",,,bib7937,no -2220-location-1,2220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9653, 145.7858]]}",,,bib5307,no +2219-LEI-3,2219,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2219-transmission-3,2219,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +2219-speaker_number_trends-3,2219,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +2219-vitality-3,2219,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no +2219-LEI-4,2219,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2785,yes +2219-vitality-4,2219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2785,yes +2220-context-1,2220,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Toaripi""}",,,bib7962,no +2220-location-1,2220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9653, 145.7858]]}",,,bib5330,no 2220-location-2,2220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, 145.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2220-location-3,2220,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Coastal eastern part of the Gulf Province. Spoken southeast of Kerema.""}",,,bib7937,no +2220-location-3,2220,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Coastal eastern part of the Gulf Province. Spoken southeast of Kerema.""}",,,bib7962,no 2220-location-4,2220,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2220-speaker_number-1,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2220-speakers-1,2220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2220-speaker_number-2,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1993, 310 speakers were reported. More recent estimates mention 266.",bib7937,no -2220-speakers-2,2220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1993, 310 speakers were reported. More recent estimates mention 266.",bib7937,no +2220-speaker_number-1,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2220-speakers-1,2220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2220-speaker_number-2,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1993, 310 speakers were reported. More recent estimates mention 266.",bib7962,no +2220-speakers-2,2220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1993, 310 speakers were reported. More recent estimates mention 266.",bib7962,no 2220-speaker_number-3,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2220-speakers-3,2220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2220-speaker_number-4,2220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,yes 2220-speakers-4,2220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,275"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,yes -2220-LEI-1,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2220-vitality-1,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2220-LEI-2,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Toaripi language whose speakers surround them, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7937,no -2220-vitality-2,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Toaripi language whose speakers surround them, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7937,no +2220-LEI-1,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2220-vitality-1,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2220-LEI-2,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Toaripi language whose speakers surround them, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7962,no +2220-vitality-2,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Toaripi language whose speakers surround them, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7962,no 2220-LEI-3,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2220-vitality-3,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2220-LEI-4,2220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2220-vitality-4,2220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2221-location-1,2221,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.95, 146.2]]}",,,bib5307,no -2221-location-2,2221,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of the Morobe Province. Spoken by some individuals in three separate villages, northeast of Menyamnya township.""}",,,bib7937,no +2221-location-1,2221,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.95, 146.2]]}",,,bib5330,no +2221-location-2,2221,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of the Morobe Province. Spoken by some individuals in three separate villages, northeast of Menyamnya township.""}",,,bib7962,no 2221-location-3,2221,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2221-speaker_number-1,2221,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2221-speakers-1,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2221-speaker_number-2,2221,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1978, twenty speakers were reported, but now there are less than ten.",bib7937,no -2221-speakers-2,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1978, twenty speakers were reported, but now there are less than ten.",bib7937,no +2221-speaker_number-1,2221,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2221-speakers-1,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2221-speaker_number-2,2221,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1978, twenty speakers were reported, but now there are less than ten.",bib7962,no +2221-speakers-2,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1978, twenty speakers were reported, but now there are less than ten.",bib7962,no 2221-speaker_number-3,2221,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2221-speakers-3,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2221-speaker_number-4,2221,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(2003 SIL),bib67,yes 2221-speakers-4,2221,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(2003 SIL),bib67,yes -2221-LEI-1,2221,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2221-vitality-1,2221,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2221-LEI-2,2221,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2221-transmission-2,2221,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -2221-speaker_number_trends-2,2221,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -2221-vitality-2,2221,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no +2221-LEI-1,2221,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2221-vitality-1,2221,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2221-LEI-2,2221,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2221-transmission-2,2221,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +2221-speaker_number_trends-2,2221,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +2221-vitality-2,2221,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no 2221-LEI-3,2221,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2221-vitality-3,2221,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2221-LEI-4,2221,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2221-vitality-4,2221,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2222-location-1,2222,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.4121, 152.7868]]}",,,bib5307,no -2222-location-2,2222,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province. Spoken on the southwest coast of New Ireland.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2222-location-1,2222,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.4121, 152.7868]]}",,,bib5330,no +2222-location-2,2222,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province. Spoken on the southwest coast of New Ireland.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2222-location-3,2222,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2222-speaker_number-1,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2222-speakers-1,2222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2222-speaker_number-2,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 400 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 300 or so speakers.",bib7937,yes -2222-speakers-2,2222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 400 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 300 or so speakers.",bib7937,yes +2222-speaker_number-1,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2222-speakers-1,2222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2222-speaker_number-2,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 400 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 300 or so speakers.",bib7962,yes +2222-speakers-2,2222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 400 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 300 or so speakers.",bib7962,yes 2222-speaker_number-3,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2222-speakers-3,2222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2222-speaker_number-4,2222,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,480 (1972 Beaumont). Ethnic population: 685,bib67,no 2222-speakers-4,2222,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""685"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,480 (1972 Beaumont). Ethnic population: 685,bib67,no -2222-LEI-1,2222,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2222-vitality-1,2222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2222-LEI-2,2222,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7937,yes -2222-speaker_number_trends-2,2222,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7937,yes -2222-vitality-2,2222,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7937,yes +2222-LEI-1,2222,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2222-vitality-1,2222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2222-LEI-2,2222,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7962,yes +2222-speaker_number_trends-2,2222,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7962,yes +2222-vitality-2,2222,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It is under pressure from the very large Tolai language.,bib7962,yes 2222-LEI-3,2222,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2222-vitality-3,2222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2222-LEI-4,2222,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2222-vitality-4,2222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2223-context-1,2223,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sare (Kapriman), Tok Pisin""}",,All Sare and Kaningara speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and there is now a noticeable shift towards Tok Pisin. Children of both endogamous and exogamous marriages in the villages are acquiring Tok Pisin as well as the two indigenous languages.,bib7100,yes +2223-context-1,2223,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sare (Kapriman), Tok Pisin""}",,All Sare and Kaningara speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and there is now a noticeable shift towards Tok Pisin. Children of both endogamous and exogamous marriages in the villages are acquiring Tok Pisin as well as the two indigenous languages.,bib7124,yes 2223-context-2,2223,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2223-context-3,2223,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2223-location-1,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: Kaningara village.""}",,,bib7100,yes -2223-location-2,2223,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5784, 143.3612]]}",,,bib5307,no -2223-location-3,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaningara and Yamondinei villages""}",,,bib4545,no +2223-context-3,2223,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2223-location-1,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: Kaningara village.""}",,,bib7124,yes +2223-location-2,2223,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5784, 143.3612]]}",,,bib5330,no +2223-location-3,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kaningara and Yamondinei villages""}",,,bib4566,no 2223-location-4,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Blackwater river south of Kuvanmas lake. 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -2223-location-5,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken near the Kuvanmas Lake, between the middle Korosamen and Karawari Rivers, west of Amboin.""}",,,bib7937,no -2223-speaker_number-1,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7100,yes -2223-speakers-1,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7100,yes -2223-speaker_number-2,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2223-speakers-2,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2223-speaker_number-3,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2223-speakers-3,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""359"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +2223-location-5,2223,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken near the Kuvanmas Lake, between the middle Korosamen and Karawari Rivers, west of Amboin.""}",,,bib7962,no +2223-speaker_number-1,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7124,yes +2223-speakers-1,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7124,yes +2223-speaker_number-2,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2223-speakers-2,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2223-speaker_number-3,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2223-speakers-3,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""359"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 2223-speaker_number-4,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2223-speakers-4,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2223-speaker_number-5,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm),bib69,no 2223-speakers-5,2223,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm),bib69,no -2223-speaker_number-6,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.",bib7937,no -2223-speakers-6,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.",bib7937,no -2223-LEI-1,2223,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7100,yes -2223-transmission-1,2223,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7100,yes -2223-domains_of_use-1,2223,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7100,yes -2223-vitality-1,2223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7100,yes -2223-LEI-2,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2223-vitality-2,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2223-LEI-3,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2223-vitality-3,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2223-speaker_number-6,2223,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.",bib7962,no +2223-speakers-6,2223,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""327"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.",bib7962,no +2223-LEI-1,2223,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7124,yes +2223-transmission-1,2223,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7124,yes +2223-domains_of_use-1,2223,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7124,yes +2223-vitality-1,2223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7124,yes +2223-LEI-2,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2223-vitality-2,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2223-LEI-3,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2223-vitality-3,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2223-LEI-4,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2223-vitality-4,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2223-LEI-5,2223,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2223-vitality-5,2223,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2223-LEI-6,2223,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7937,no -2223-transmission-6,2223,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7937,no -2223-speaker_number_trends-6,2223,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7937,no -2223-vitality-6,2223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7937,no -2224-location-1,2224,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1542, 149.8205]]}",,,bib5307,no -2224-location-2,2224,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain Province, Kandrian District.""}",,,bib7937,no +2223-LEI-6,2223,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7962,no +2223-transmission-6,2223,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7962,no +2223-speaker_number_trends-6,2223,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7962,no +2223-vitality-6,2223,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.",bib7962,no +2224-location-1,2224,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1542, 149.8205]]}",,,bib5330,no +2224-location-2,2224,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain Province, Kandrian District.""}",,,bib7962,no 2224-location-3,2224,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2224-speaker_number-1,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2224-speakers-1,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2224-speaker_number-2,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -2224-speakers-2,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no +2224-speaker_number-1,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2224-speakers-1,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2224-speaker_number-2,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +2224-speakers-2,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no 2224-speaker_number-3,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2224-speakers-3,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2224-speaker_number-4,2224,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,550 (2003 SIL),bib67,yes 2224-speakers-4,2224,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,550 (2003 SIL),bib67,yes -2224-LEI-1,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2224-vitality-1,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2224-LEI-2,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2224-vitality-2,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2224-LEI-1,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2224-vitality-1,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2224-LEI-2,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2224-vitality-2,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2224-LEI-3,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2224-vitality-3,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2224-LEI-4,2224,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2224-vitality-4,2224,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2225-context-1,2225,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yagwoia""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Yagwoia, a large Angan language which is the western neighbour of Kawacha, and which exerts pressure on it.",bib7937,no +2225-context-1,2225,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yagwoia""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Yagwoia, a large Angan language which is the western neighbour of Kawacha, and which exerts pressure on it.",bib7962,no 2225-location-1,2225,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.96, 146.21]]}",,,bib75,no -2225-location-2,2225,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of the Morobe Province. Spoken around Katsiong, northeast of Menyamnya township.""}",,,bib7937,no +2225-location-2,2225,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of the Morobe Province. Spoken around Katsiong, northeast of Menyamnya township.""}",,,bib7962,no 2225-location-3,2225,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 2225-speaker_number-1,2225,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2225-speakers-1,2225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2225-speaker_number-2,2225,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, thirty speakers were reported. Now there are fifteen or less.",bib7937,no -2225-speakers-2,2225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, thirty speakers were reported. Now there are fifteen or less.",bib7937,no +2225-speaker_number-2,2225,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, thirty speakers were reported. Now there are fifteen or less.",bib7962,no +2225-speakers-2,2225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, thirty speakers were reported. Now there are fifteen or less.",bib7962,no 2225-speaker_number-3,2225,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,12 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 40,bib67,yes 2225-speakers-3,2225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,12 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 40,bib67,yes 2225-LEI-1,2225,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2225-vitality-1,2225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2225-LEI-2,2225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2225-speaker_number_trends-2,2225,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -2225-vitality-2,2225,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,no +2225-LEI-2,2225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2225-speaker_number_trends-2,2225,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +2225-vitality-2,2225,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,no 2225-LEI-3,2225,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2225-vitality-3,2225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2226-context-1,2226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu""}",,,bib7937,no -2226-location-1,2226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.4558, 147.5559]]}",,,bib5307,no +2226-context-1,2226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu""}",,,bib7962,no +2226-location-1,2226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.4558, 147.5559]]}",,,bib5330,no 2226-location-2,2226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.5, 147.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2226-location-3,2226,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central Province. Spoken east of Port Moresby around Sirinumu Dam, as far inland as Goldie River settlement and Kailakinumu.""}",,,bib7937,no +2226-location-3,2226,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central Province. Spoken east of Port Moresby around Sirinumu Dam, as far inland as Goldie River settlement and Kailakinumu.""}",,,bib7962,no 2226-location-4,2226,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2226-speaker_number-1,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2226-speakers-1,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2226-speaker_number-2,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1973, 1,800 speakers were reported. This figure is still valid, but the language is under pressure from both Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea).",bib7937,no -2226-speakers-2,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1973, 1,800 speakers were reported. This figure is still valid, but the language is under pressure from both Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea).",bib7937,no +2226-speaker_number-1,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2226-speakers-1,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2226-speaker_number-2,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1973, 1,800 speakers were reported. This figure is still valid, but the language is under pressure from both Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea).",bib7962,no +2226-speakers-2,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1973, 1,800 speakers were reported. This figure is still valid, but the language is under pressure from both Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea).",bib7962,no 2226-speaker_number-3,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2226-speakers-3,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2226-speaker_number-4,2226,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,700 (2000 S. Wurm). 10%% monolingual",bib67,yes 2226-speakers-4,2226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,700 (2000 S. Wurm). 10%% monolingual",bib67,yes -2226-LEI-1,2226,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2226-vitality-1,2226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2226-LEI-2,2226,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7937,no -2226-transmission-2,2226,transmission,1,transmission-1,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7937,no -2226-vitality-2,2226,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7937,no +2226-LEI-1,2226,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2226-vitality-1,2226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2226-LEI-2,2226,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7962,no +2226-transmission-2,2226,transmission,1,transmission-1,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7962,no +2226-vitality-2,2226,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The young speakers are beginning to prefer Tok Pisin.,bib7962,no 2226-LEI-3,2226,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2226-vitality-3,2226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2226-LEI-4,2226,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2226-vitality-4,2226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2227-context-1,2227,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Motu, Hiri Motu, Tok Pisin, English""}",,"It is under pressure from the Motu language of Port Moresby, from Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea), Tok Pisin, and English. There is considerable bilingualism in one of these languages, and also multilingualism.",bib7937,no -2227-location-1,2227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.346, 147.1179]]}",,,bib5307,no +2227-context-1,2227,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Motu, Hiri Motu, Tok Pisin, English""}",,"It is under pressure from the Motu language of Port Moresby, from Hiri Motu (the southern lingua franca of Papua New Guinea), Tok Pisin, and English. There is considerable bilingualism in one of these languages, and also multilingualism.",bib7962,no +2227-location-1,2227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.346, 147.1179]]}",,,bib5330,no 2227-location-2,2227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.33333333333, 147.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2227-location-3,2227,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central Province, around and west of Port Moresby, and inland as far as the Goldie and Brown rivers.""}",,,bib7937,no +2227-location-3,2227,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central Province, around and west of Port Moresby, and inland as far as the Goldie and Brown rivers.""}",,,bib7962,no 2227-location-4,2227,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2227-speaker_number-1,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2227-speakers-1,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2227-speaker_number-2,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, 3,000 speakers were reported. That figure is still valid.",bib7937,no -2227-speakers-2,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, 3,000 speakers were reported. That figure is still valid.",bib7937,no +2227-speaker_number-1,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2227-speakers-1,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2227-speaker_number-2,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, 3,000 speakers were reported. That figure is still valid.",bib7962,no +2227-speakers-2,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, 3,000 speakers were reported. That figure is still valid.",bib7962,no 2227-speaker_number-3,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2227-speakers-3,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2227-speaker_number-4,2227,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,700 (2000 S. Wurm)",bib67,yes 2227-speakers-4,2227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,700 (2000 S. Wurm)",bib67,yes -2227-LEI-1,2227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2227-vitality-1,2227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2227-LEI-2,2227,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7937,no -2227-transmission-2,2227,transmission,1,transmission-1,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7937,no -2227-vitality-2,2227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7937,no +2227-LEI-1,2227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2227-vitality-1,2227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2227-LEI-2,2227,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7962,no +2227-transmission-2,2227,transmission,1,transmission-1,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7962,no +2227-vitality-2,2227,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Young speakers tend to prefer Tok Pisin or English.,bib7962,no 2227-LEI-3,2227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2227-vitality-3,2227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2227-LEI-4,2227,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2227-vitality-4,2227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2228-location-1,2228,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.63, 145.41]]}",,,bib75,no -2228-location-2,2228,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Madang Province. Spoken south of the Kumil River, about 10km from the coast, south of Sikor and of Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2228-location-2,2228,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Madang Province. Spoken south of the Kumil River, about 10km from the coast, south of Sikor and of Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2228-location-3,2228,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no 2228-speaker_number-1,2228,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2228-speakers-1,2228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2228-speaker_number-2,2228,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Now there are still about thirty.",bib7937,yes -2228-speakers-2,2228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Now there are still about thirty.",bib7937,yes +2228-speaker_number-2,2228,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Now there are still about thirty.",bib7962,yes +2228-speakers-2,2228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Now there are still about thirty.",bib7962,yes 2228-speaker_number-3,2228,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,25 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2228-speakers-3,2228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,25 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2228-LEI-1,2228,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2228-vitality-1,2228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2228-LEI-2,2228,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages such as Mauwake (or Ulingan).,bib7937,yes -2228-vitality-2,2228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages such as Mauwake (or Ulingan).,bib7937,yes +2228-LEI-2,2228,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages such as Mauwake (or Ulingan).,bib7962,yes +2228-vitality-2,2228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages such as Mauwake (or Ulingan).,bib7962,yes 2228-LEI-3,2228,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2228-vitality-3,2228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2229-context-1,2229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nalik, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no +2229-context-1,2229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nalik, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no 2229-location-1,2229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 151.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2229-location-2,2229,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2229-location-3,2229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0692, 151.5234]]}",,,bib5307,no -2229-location-4,2229,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland""}",,"mid-northwest New Ireland, Papua New Guinea",bib3265,no -2229-location-5,2229,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central New Ireland, mainly coastal on east and west coast.""}",,,bib7937,no +2229-location-3,2229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0692, 151.5234]]}",,,bib5330,no +2229-location-4,2229,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland""}",,"mid-northwest New Ireland, Papua New Guinea",bib3281,no +2229-location-5,2229,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Central New Ireland, mainly coastal on east and west coast.""}",,,bib7962,no 2229-speaker_number-1,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,400 (2002 SIL)",bib67,yes 2229-speakers-1,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,400 (2002 SIL)",bib67,yes -2229-speaker_number-2,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2229-speakers-2,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2229-speaker_number-3,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,no -2229-speakers-3,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,no +2229-speaker_number-2,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2229-speakers-2,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2229-speaker_number-3,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,no +2229-speakers-3,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,no 2229-speaker_number-4,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2229-speakers-4,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2229-speaker_number-5,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7937,no -2229-speakers-5,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7937,no +2229-speaker_number-5,2229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7962,no +2229-speakers-5,2229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7962,no 2229-LEI-1,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2229-vitality-1,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2229-LEI-2,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2229-vitality-2,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2229-LEI-3,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -2229-vitality-3,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no +2229-LEI-2,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2229-vitality-2,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2229-LEI-3,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +2229-vitality-3,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no 2229-LEI-4,2229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2229-vitality-4,2229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2229-LEI-5,2229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2229-transmission-5,2229,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2229-vitality-5,2229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2245-location-1,2245,location,"{""Description"": ""...in the villages of Badiatte, Bandial, Batign\u00e8re, Batign\u00e8re Essil, Elubalir, Enampore, Essil, Ettama, Kameubeul, and S\u00e9l\u00e9ki, which constitute the territory traditionally called Mof Avvi (\u2018the land of the king\u2019). The area is a peninsula bounded by the Casamance River on the north, the Kameubeul Bolong on the west, and the Ziguinchor-Oussouye road on the south and on the east.""}",,,bib1897,yes +2229-LEI-5,2229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2229-transmission-5,2229,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2229-vitality-5,2229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Kuot is under pressure from neighbouring larger languages, especially Nalik (its northwestern neighbour), and also from Tok Pisin which children tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2245-location-1,2245,location,"{""Description"": ""...in the villages of Badiatte, Bandial, Batign\u00e8re, Batign\u00e8re Essil, Elubalir, Enampore, Essil, Ettama, Kameubeul, and S\u00e9l\u00e9ki, which constitute the territory traditionally called Mof Avvi (\u2018the land of the king\u2019). The area is a peninsula bounded by the Casamance River on the north, the Kameubeul Bolong on the west, and the Ziguinchor-Oussouye road on the south and on the east.""}",,,bib1909,yes 2245-location-2,2245,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,no -2245-location-3,2245,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5317, -16.1553]]}",,,bib5307,no -2245-location-4,2245,location,"{""Description"": ""Casamance region of Senegal... village of Brin and the surrounding area.""}",,,bib7724,no -2245-speaker_number-1,2245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1897,yes -2245-speakers-1,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1897,yes +2245-location-3,2245,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5317, -16.1553]]}",,,bib5330,no +2245-location-4,2245,location,"{""Description"": ""Casamance region of Senegal... village of Brin and the surrounding area.""}",,,bib7749,no +2245-speaker_number-1,2245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1909,yes +2245-speakers-1,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1909,yes 2245-speaker_number-2,2245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2245-speakers-2,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2245-speaker_number-3,2245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2245-speakers-3,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2245-speaker_number-4,2245,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7724,no -2245-speakers-4,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7724,no +2245-speaker_number-3,2245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2245-speakers-3,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2245-speaker_number-4,2245,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7749,no +2245-speakers-4,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7749,no 2245-speaker_number-5,2245,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2245-speakers-5,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2245-speaker_number-6,2245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,no -2245-speakers-6,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,no -2245-LEI-1,2245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1897,yes -2245-vitality-1,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1897,yes +2245-speaker_number-6,2245,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no +2245-speakers-6,2245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no +2245-LEI-1,2245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1909,yes +2245-vitality-1,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1909,yes 2245-LEI-2,2245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2245-vitality-2,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2245-LEI-3,2245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2245-vitality-3,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2245-LEI-4,2245,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although the language is vital within this small community, speaker numbers are dwindling as people migrate to urban areas in search of work.",bib7724,no -2245-vitality-4,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although the language is vital within this small community, speaker numbers are dwindling as people migrate to urban areas in search of work.",bib7724,no +2245-LEI-3,2245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2245-vitality-3,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2245-LEI-4,2245,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although the language is vital within this small community, speaker numbers are dwindling as people migrate to urban areas in search of work.",bib7749,no +2245-vitality-4,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although the language is vital within this small community, speaker numbers are dwindling as people migrate to urban areas in search of work.",bib7749,no 2245-LEI-5,2245,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2245-vitality-5,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2245-LEI-6,2245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -2245-vitality-6,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -2246-context-1,2246,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish, Georgian""}",,,bib6474,yes -2246-location-1,2246,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey, Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the Black Sea coast in the northeast of Turkey and the southwestern corner of Georgia, including the towns of Pazar (Atina), Ardesen, Caml\u0131hemsin and F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131 in Rize Province and Arhavi (Arkabi/Arxave), Hopa (Xopa), Borcka and Sarp (Sarpi) in Artvin Province in\nTurkey; Sarpi is partly in the Republic of Ajaria on the Georgian side; there are also Laz villages, founded by refugees of the 1877\u20138 war, in the western parts of Turkey mainly in Sakarya, Kocaeli and Bolu provinces.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2245-LEI-6,2245,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +2245-vitality-6,2245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +2246-context-1,2246,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish, Georgian""}",,,bib6498,yes +2246-location-1,2246,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey, Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the Black Sea coast in the northeast of Turkey and the southwestern corner of Georgia, including the towns of Pazar (Atina), Ardesen, Caml\u0131hemsin and F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131 in Rize Province and Arhavi (Arkabi/Arxave), Hopa (Xopa), Borcka and Sarp (Sarpi) in Artvin Province in\nTurkey; Sarpi is partly in the Republic of Ajaria on the Georgian side; there are also Laz villages, founded by refugees of the 1877\u20138 war, in the western parts of Turkey mainly in Sakarya, Kocaeli and Bolu provinces.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2246-location-2,2246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5, 41.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2246-location-3,2246,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Belgium"", ""Georgia"", ""France"", ""Germany"", ""Turkey""]}",,,bib67,no -2246-location-4,2246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.2736, 41.2646]]}",,,bib5307,no -2246-speaker_number-1,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -2246-speakers-1,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000-33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2246-location-4,2246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.2736, 41.2646]]}",,,bib5330,no +2246-speaker_number-1,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +2246-speakers-1,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000-33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2246-speaker_number-2,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 in Turkey (1980)...Ethnic population: 92,000 in Turkey (1980).",bib67,no 2246-speakers-2,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 in Turkey (1980)...Ethnic population: 92,000 in Turkey (1980).",bib67,no -2246-speaker_number-3,2246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Feurstein (1983) estimates 250,000 speakers all around the world.",bib4063,no -2246-speakers-3,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Feurstein (1983) estimates 250,000 speakers all around the world.",bib4063,no -2246-speaker_number-4,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to Andrews (1989: 176), in the 1965 Turkish census, which is the last official statiistic, 26,007 people declared Laz as their mother tongue and 59,101 as their second language.",bib4461,no -2246-speakers-4,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,007"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1965"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""59,101""}",,"According to Andrews (1989: 176), in the 1965 Turkish census, which is the last official statiistic, 26,007 people declared Laz as their mother tongue and 59,101 as their second language.",bib4461,no -2246-speaker_number-5,2246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -2246-speakers-5,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +2246-speaker_number-3,2246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Feurstein (1983) estimates 250,000 speakers all around the world.",bib4083,no +2246-speakers-3,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Feurstein (1983) estimates 250,000 speakers all around the world.",bib4083,no +2246-speaker_number-4,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to Andrews (1989: 176), in the 1965 Turkish census, which is the last official statiistic, 26,007 people declared Laz as their mother tongue and 59,101 as their second language.",bib4482,no +2246-speakers-4,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,007"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1965"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""59,101""}",,"According to Andrews (1989: 176), in the 1965 Turkish census, which is the last official statiistic, 26,007 people declared Laz as their mother tongue and 59,101 as their second language.",bib4482,no +2246-speaker_number-5,2246,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +2246-speakers-5,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 2246-speaker_number-6,2246,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2246-speakers-6,2246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2246-LEI-1,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A language shift to Turkish and Georgian has proceeded increasingly rapidly.,bib6474,yes -2246-vitality-1,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,A language shift to Turkish and Georgian has proceeded increasingly rapidly.,bib6474,yes +2246-LEI-1,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A language shift to Turkish and Georgian has proceeded increasingly rapidly.,bib6498,yes +2246-vitality-1,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,A language shift to Turkish and Georgian has proceeded increasingly rapidly.,bib6498,yes 2246-LEI-2,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2246-vitality-2,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2246-LEI-3,2246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Laz people are forgetting their own language as younger generation fails to fully acquire the language. There are also semi-speakers who can understand and speak some but generally show tendency to apply for Turkish words instead"" (p. 139).",bib4063,no -2246-vitality-3,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Laz people are forgetting their own language as younger generation fails to fully acquire the language. There are also semi-speakers who can understand and speak some but generally show tendency to apply for Turkish words instead"" (p. 139).",bib4063,no -2246-LEI-4,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4461,no -2246-vitality-4,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4461,no -2246-LEI-5,2246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2246-vitality-5,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2246-LEI-3,2246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Laz people are forgetting their own language as younger generation fails to fully acquire the language. There are also semi-speakers who can understand and speak some but generally show tendency to apply for Turkish words instead"" (p. 139).",bib4083,no +2246-vitality-3,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Laz people are forgetting their own language as younger generation fails to fully acquire the language. There are also semi-speakers who can understand and speak some but generally show tendency to apply for Turkish words instead"" (p. 139).",bib4083,no +2246-LEI-4,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4482,no +2246-vitality-4,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4482,no +2246-LEI-5,2246,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2246-vitality-5,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2246-LEI-6,2246,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2246-vitality-6,2246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2265-location-1,2265,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.1824, 149.2053]]}",,,bib5307,no -2265-location-2,2265,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the central Province""}",,,bib7937,no +2265-location-1,2265,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.1824, 149.2053]]}",,,bib5330,no +2265-location-2,2265,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the central Province""}",,,bib7962,no 2265-location-3,2265,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2265-speaker_number-1,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2265-speakers-1,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2265-speaker_number-2,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -2265-speakers-2,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no +2265-speaker_number-1,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2265-speakers-1,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2265-speaker_number-2,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +2265-speakers-2,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no 2265-speaker_number-3,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2265-speakers-3,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2265-speaker_number-4,2265,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes 2265-speakers-4,2265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes -2265-LEI-1,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2265-vitality-1,2265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2265-LEI-2,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2265-transmission-2,2265,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -2265-speaker_number_trends-2,2265,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -2265-vitality-2,2265,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no +2265-LEI-1,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2265-vitality-1,2265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2265-LEI-2,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2265-transmission-2,2265,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +2265-speaker_number_trends-2,2265,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +2265-vitality-2,2265,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no 2265-LEI-3,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2265-vitality-3,2265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2265-LEI-4,2265,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2265-vitality-4,2265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2266-context-1,2266,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyindrou (or Lindrou), Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2266-location-1,2266,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1651, 146.6921]]}",,,bib5307,no -2266-location-2,2266,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Province. Spoken in the western part of Manus Island, Admiralty Islands.""}",,,bib7937,no +2266-context-1,2266,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyindrou (or Lindrou), Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2266-location-1,2266,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.1651, 146.6921]]}",,,bib5330,no +2266-location-2,2266,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Province. Spoken in the western part of Manus Island, Admiralty Islands.""}",,,bib7962,no 2266-location-3,2266,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2266-speaker_number-1,2266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2266-speakers-1,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2266-speaker_number-2,2266,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1977, 100 speakers were reported. There may be fewer today.",bib7937,no -2266-speakers-2,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1977, 100 speakers were reported. There may be fewer today.",bib7937,no +2266-speaker_number-1,2266,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2266-speakers-1,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2266-speaker_number-2,2266,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1977, 100 speakers were reported. There may be fewer today.",bib7962,no +2266-speakers-2,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1977, 100 speakers were reported. There may be fewer today.",bib7962,no 2266-speaker_number-3,2266,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2266-speakers-3,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2266-speaker_number-4,2266,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2266-speakers-4,2266,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2266-LEI-1,2266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2266-vitality-1,2266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2266-LEI-2,2266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7937,no -2266-speaker_number_trends-2,2266,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7937,no -2266-vitality-2,2266,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7937,no +2266-LEI-1,2266,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2266-vitality-1,2266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2266-LEI-2,2266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7962,no +2266-speaker_number_trends-2,2266,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7962,no +2266-vitality-2,2266,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The speakers are bilingual in the large neighbouring Nyindrou (or Lindrou) language. This and the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands exerts pressure on Likum.,bib7962,no 2266-LEI-3,2266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2266-vitality-3,2266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2266-LEI-4,2266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2266-vitality-4,2266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2267-context-1,2267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Suau, Mailu, Hiri Motu""}",,"Most Magori speakers are bilingual or trilingual in the large Suau language, Mailu or Hiri Motu, the third official language of Papua New Guinea, and second general lingua franca of southern Papua New Guinea.",bib7937,yes -2267-location-1,2267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0337, 149.2272]]}",,,bib5307,no -2267-location-2,2267,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the Central Province. Spoken at the eastern end of Table Bay, on the lower Bailebo-Tavenei River.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2267-context-1,2267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Suau, Mailu, Hiri Motu""}",,"Most Magori speakers are bilingual or trilingual in the large Suau language, Mailu or Hiri Motu, the third official language of Papua New Guinea, and second general lingua franca of southern Papua New Guinea.",bib7962,yes +2267-location-1,2267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0337, 149.2272]]}",,,bib5330,no +2267-location-2,2267,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the Central Province. Spoken at the eastern end of Table Bay, on the lower Bailebo-Tavenei River.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2267-location-3,2267,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2267-speaker_number-1,2267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2267-speakers-1,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2267-speaker_number-2,2267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1971, 200 speakers were reported, but their number is decreasing.",bib7937,yes -2267-speakers-2,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1971, 200 speakers were reported, but their number is decreasing.",bib7937,yes +2267-speaker_number-1,2267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2267-speakers-1,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2267-speaker_number-2,2267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1971, 200 speakers were reported, but their number is decreasing.",bib7962,yes +2267-speakers-2,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1971, 200 speakers were reported, but their number is decreasing.",bib7962,yes 2267-speaker_number-3,2267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2267-speakers-3,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2267-speaker_number-4,2267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2267-speakers-4,2267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2267-LEI-1,2267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2267-vitality-1,2267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2267-LEI-2,2267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2267-speaker_number_trends-2,2267,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7937,yes -2267-vitality-2,2267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,yes +2267-LEI-1,2267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2267-vitality-1,2267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2267-LEI-2,2267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2267-speaker_number_trends-2,2267,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7962,yes +2267-vitality-2,2267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,yes 2267-LEI-3,2267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2267-vitality-3,2267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2267-LEI-4,2267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2267-vitality-4,2267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2268-location-1,2268,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8994, 151.6827]]}",,,bib5307,no +2268-location-1,2268,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8994, 151.6827]]}",,,bib5330,no 2268-location-2,2268,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle peninsula.""}",,,bib69,yes -2268-location-3,2268,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula.""}",,,bib7937,no -2268-speaker_number-1,2268,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2268-speakers-1,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +2268-location-3,2268,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula.""}",,,bib7962,no +2268-speaker_number-1,2268,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2268-speakers-1,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 2268-speakers-2,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -2268-speaker_number-3,2268,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -2268-speakers-3,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,,bib7937,no +2268-speaker_number-3,2268,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +2268-speakers-3,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,,bib7962,no 2268-speaker_number-4,2268,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2268-speakers-4,2268,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2268-LEI-1,2268,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2268-vitality-1,2268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2268-LEI-1,2268,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2268-vitality-1,2268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2268-LEI-2,2268,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 2268-vitality-2,2268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -2268-LEI-3,2268,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2268-transmission-3,2268,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -2268-speaker_number_trends-3,2268,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -2268-vitality-3,2268,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no +2268-LEI-3,2268,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2268-transmission-3,2268,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +2268-speaker_number_trends-3,2268,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +2268-vitality-3,2268,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no 2268-LEI-4,2268,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2268-vitality-4,2268,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2269-context-1,2269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malasanga, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes -2269-location-1,2269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.763899803, 146.6495056]]}",,,bib7945,no -2269-location-2,2269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the Rai Coast of Astrolabe Bay, near Saidor.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2269-context-1,2269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malasanga, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes +2269-location-1,2269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.763899803, 146.6495056]]}",,,bib7970,no +2269-location-2,2269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the Rai Coast of Astrolabe Bay, near Saidor.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2269-location-3,2269,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no 2269-speaker_number-1,2269,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2269-speakers-1,2269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""548"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2269-speaker_number-2,2269,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1977, 341 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150 or so.",bib7937,yes -2269-speakers-2,2269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1977, 341 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150 or so.",bib7937,yes +2269-speaker_number-2,2269,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1977, 341 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150 or so.",bib7962,yes +2269-speakers-2,2269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1977, 341 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150 or so.",bib7962,yes 2269-speaker_number-3,2269,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,no 2269-speakers-3,2269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,no 2269-LEI-1,2269,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2269-vitality-1,2269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2269-LEI-2,2269,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7937,yes -2269-transmission-2,2269,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7937,yes -2269-speaker_number_trends-2,2269,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7937,yes -2269-vitality-2,2269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7937,yes +2269-LEI-2,2269,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7962,yes +2269-transmission-2,2269,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7962,yes +2269-speaker_number_trends-2,2269,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7962,yes +2269-vitality-2,2269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related languages such as Malasanga, and from Tok Pisin, which the children prefer.",bib7962,yes 2269-LEI-3,2269,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2269-vitality-3,2269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2270-location-1,2270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5819, 145.3079]]}",,,bib5307,no -2270-location-2,2270,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken south of the upper Kumil River, southwest of Sikor and Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7937,no +2270-location-1,2270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5819, 145.3079]]}",,,bib5330,no +2270-location-2,2270,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken south of the upper Kumil River, southwest of Sikor and Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7962,no 2270-location-3,2270,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2270-speaker_number-1,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2270-speakers-1,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2270-speaker_number-2,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Recent estimates still mention about thirty.",bib7937,no -2270-speakers-2,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Recent estimates still mention about thirty.",bib7937,no +2270-speaker_number-1,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2270-speakers-1,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2270-speaker_number-2,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Recent estimates still mention about thirty.",bib7962,no +2270-speakers-2,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Recent estimates still mention about thirty.",bib7962,no 2270-speaker_number-3,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2270-speakers-3,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2270-speaker_number-4,2270,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2270-speakers-4,2270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2270-LEI-1,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2270-vitality-1,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2270-LEI-2,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Miani (or Tani), its northern neighbour, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2270-vitality-2,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Miani (or Tani), its northern neighbour, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2270-LEI-1,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2270-vitality-1,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2270-LEI-2,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Miani (or Tani), its northern neighbour, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2270-vitality-2,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Miani (or Tani), its northern neighbour, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2270-LEI-3,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2270-vitality-3,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2270-LEI-4,2270,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2270-vitality-4,2270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2271-context-1,2271,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ganglau, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes -2271-location-1,2271,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in Madang Province of Papua New Guinea, west of Dein.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.5517, 146.1538]]}",,,bib5307,no -2271-location-2,2271,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, west of Saidor, and immediately west of Dein.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2271-context-1,2271,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ganglau, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes +2271-location-1,2271,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in Madang Province of Papua New Guinea, west of Dein.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.5517, 146.1538]]}",,,bib5330,no +2271-location-2,2271,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the southern (Rai) coast of Astrolabe Bay, west of Saidor, and immediately west of Dein.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2271-location-3,2271,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2271-speaker_number-1,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2271-speakers-1,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2271-speaker_number-2,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, ninety-three speakers were reported. There may be about ninety today.",bib7937,yes -2271-speakers-2,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, ninety-three speakers were reported. There may be about ninety today.",bib7937,yes +2271-speaker_number-1,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2271-speakers-1,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2271-speaker_number-2,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, ninety-three speakers were reported. There may be about ninety today.",bib7962,yes +2271-speakers-2,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, ninety-three speakers were reported. There may be about ninety today.",bib7962,yes 2271-speaker_number-3,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2271-speakers-3,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2271-speaker_number-4,2271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2271-speakers-4,2271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2271-LEI-1,2271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2271-vitality-1,2271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2271-LEI-2,2271,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2271-transmission-2,2271,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2271-vitality-2,2271,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes +2271-LEI-1,2271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2271-vitality-1,2271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2271-LEI-2,2271,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2271-transmission-2,2271,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2271-vitality-2,2271,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Under pressure from neighbouring languages such as Ganglau and Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes 2271-LEI-3,2271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2271-vitality-3,2271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2271-LEI-4,2271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2271-vitality-4,2271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2272-location-1,2272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.6038, 145.437]]}",,,bib5307,no -2272-location-2,2272,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken south of the Kumil River, about 6km from the coast, south of Sikor and the Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7937,no +2272-location-1,2272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.6038, 145.437]]}",,,bib5330,no +2272-location-2,2272,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken south of the Kumil River, about 6km from the coast, south of Sikor and the Malala Harbour.""}",,,bib7962,no 2272-location-3,2272,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2272-speaker_number-1,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2272-speakers-1,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2272-speaker_number-2,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-six speakers were reported. This figure is still valid.",bib7937,no -2272-speakers-2,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-six speakers were reported. This figure is still valid.",bib7937,no +2272-speaker_number-1,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2272-speakers-1,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2272-speaker_number-2,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-six speakers were reported. This figure is still valid.",bib7962,no +2272-speakers-2,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-six speakers were reported. This figure is still valid.",bib7962,no 2272-speaker_number-3,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2272-speakers-3,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2272-speaker_number-4,2272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2272-speakers-4,2272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2272-LEI-1,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2272-vitality-1,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2272-LEI-2,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Moere is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Bunabun, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2272-vitality-2,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Moere is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Bunabun, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2272-LEI-1,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2272-vitality-1,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2272-LEI-2,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Moere is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Bunabun, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2272-vitality-2,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Moere is under pressure from neighbouring large languages such as Bunabun, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2272-LEI-3,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2272-vitality-3,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2272-LEI-4,2272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2272-vitality-4,2272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2273-location-1,2273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9473, 145.5551]]}",,,bib5307,no -2273-location-2,2273,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken about 30km inland from the east coast north of Alexishafen, straight west from Garu and Yoidik settlements.""}",,,bib7937,no +2273-location-1,2273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9473, 145.5551]]}",,,bib5330,no +2273-location-2,2273,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken about 30km inland from the east coast north of Alexishafen, straight west from Garu and Yoidik settlements.""}",,,bib7962,no 2273-location-3,2273,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2273-speaker_number-1,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2273-speakers-1,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2273-speaker_number-2,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-eight speakers were reported. There are still around fifty or so.",bib7937,no -2273-speakers-2,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-eight speakers were reported. There are still around fifty or so.",bib7937,no +2273-speaker_number-1,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2273-speakers-1,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2273-speaker_number-2,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty-eight speakers were reported. There are still around fifty or so.",bib7962,no +2273-speakers-2,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty-eight speakers were reported. There are still around fifty or so.",bib7962,no 2273-speaker_number-3,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2273-speakers-3,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2273-speaker_number-4,2273,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2273-speakers-4,2273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2273-LEI-1,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2273-vitality-1,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2273-LEI-2,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large neighhbouring languages, especially Garus, its eastern neighbour. Tok Pisin also takes its toll.",bib7937,no -2273-vitality-2,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large neighhbouring languages, especially Garus, its eastern neighbour. Tok Pisin also takes its toll.",bib7937,no +2273-LEI-1,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2273-vitality-1,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2273-LEI-2,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large neighhbouring languages, especially Garus, its eastern neighbour. Tok Pisin also takes its toll.",bib7962,no +2273-vitality-2,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large neighhbouring languages, especially Garus, its eastern neighbour. Tok Pisin also takes its toll.",bib7962,no 2273-LEI-3,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2273-vitality-3,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2273-LEI-4,2273,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2273-vitality-4,2273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2274-context-1,2274,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2274-context-2,2274,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes +2274-context-2,2274,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes 2274-location-1,2274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.83333333333, 144.25]]}",,,bib216,no 2274-location-2,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Murik people live in a chain of salt water estuaries known as Murik Lakes. The area is located approximately ten miles west of the mouth of the Sepik River on the coast in the East Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea.\"" 6 villages: Jangimut, Wagamut, Aramut, Darapap, Karau, and Mendam.""}",,,bib266,no -2274-location-3,2274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8368, 144.2807]]}",,,bib5307,no -2274-location-4,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Aramut, Darapap, Jangimut, Karau, Kaup, Mendam, and Wagamut.""}",,,bib4545,no +2274-location-3,2274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.8368, 144.2807]]}",,,bib5330,no +2274-location-4,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Aramut, Darapap, Jangimut, Karau, Kaup, Mendam, and Wagamut.""}",,,bib4566,no 2274-location-5,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram district, coast west of Sepik river mouth.""}",,,bib69,no -2274-location-6,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram District. Spoken on the coast west of the mouth of the Sepik River.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2274-location-6,2274,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Angoram District. Spoken on the coast west of the mouth of the Sepik River.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2274-speaker_number-1,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib266,no 2274-speakers-1,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib266,no -2274-speaker_number-2,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2274-speakers-2,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,256"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2274-speaker_number-3,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -2274-speakers-3,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,476"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +2274-speaker_number-2,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2274-speakers-2,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,256"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2274-speaker_number-3,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +2274-speakers-3,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,476"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 2274-speaker_number-4,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2274-speakers-4,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2274-speaker_number-5,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 2274-speakers-5,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -2274-speaker_number-6,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1977, 1,476 speakers were reported, it was down to 1,256 in the 1990 census, and is likely to be considerably lower today.",bib7937,yes -2274-speakers-6,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,256"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1977, 1,476 speakers were reported, it was down to 1,256 in the 1990 census, and is likely to be considerably lower today.",bib7937,yes +2274-speaker_number-6,2274,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1977, 1,476 speakers were reported, it was down to 1,256 in the 1990 census, and is likely to be considerably lower today.",bib7962,yes +2274-speakers-6,2274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,256"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1977, 1,476 speakers were reported, it was down to 1,256 in the 1990 census, and is likely to be considerably lower today.",bib7962,yes 2274-LEI-1,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib266,no 2274-vitality-1,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib266,no -2274-LEI-2,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2274-vitality-2,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2274-LEI-3,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2274-vitality-3,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2274-LEI-2,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2274-vitality-2,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2274-LEI-3,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2274-vitality-3,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2274-LEI-4,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2274-vitality-4,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2274-LEI-5,2274,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2274-vitality-5,2274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2274-LEI-6,2274,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2274-transmission-6,2274,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2274-speaker_number_trends-6,2274,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2274-vitality-6,2274,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7937,yes -2276-location-1,2276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5391, 146.9119]]}",,,bib5307,no +2274-LEI-6,2274,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2274-transmission-6,2274,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2274-speaker_number_trends-6,2274,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2274-vitality-6,2274,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which the young speakers prefer.",bib7962,yes +2276-location-1,2276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5391, 146.9119]]}",,,bib5330,no 2276-location-2,2276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.58333333333, 147.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2276-location-3,2276,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, eastern Markham Valley. Spoken in the southwestern corner of the Huon Peninsula, north-northwest of Lae town, on the western bank of the Busu River.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2276-location-3,2276,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, eastern Markham Valley. Spoken in the southwestern corner of the Huon Peninsula, north-northwest of Lae town, on the western bank of the Busu River.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2276-location-4,2276,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2276-speaker_number-1,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2276-speakers-1,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2276-speaker_number-2,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1989, 264 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention 219.",bib7937,yes -2276-speakers-2,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1989, 264 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention 219.",bib7937,yes +2276-speaker_number-1,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2276-speakers-1,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2276-speaker_number-2,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1989, 264 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention 219.",bib7962,yes +2276-speakers-2,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1989, 264 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention 219.",bib7962,yes 2276-speaker_number-3,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2276-speakers-3,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2276-speaker_number-4,2276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2276-speakers-4,2276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2276-LEI-1,2276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2276-vitality-1,2276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2276-LEI-2,2276,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7937,yes -2276-domains_of_use-2,2276,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7937,yes -2276-speaker_number_trends-2,2276,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7937,yes -2276-vitality-2,2276,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7937,yes +2276-LEI-1,2276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2276-vitality-1,2276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2276-LEI-2,2276,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7962,yes +2276-domains_of_use-2,2276,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7962,yes +2276-speaker_number_trends-2,2276,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7962,yes +2276-vitality-2,2276,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There is much intermarriage of Musom speakers with speakers of other languages, strong presence of Tok Pisin, the national language of Papua New Guinea, and of Yabim, the former Lutheran church lingua franca (still used by persons over forty years of age), the nearness of Lae and the influence of city life, education of children in English, long absences of adult males for work – all factors detrimental to the language.",bib7962,yes 2276-LEI-3,2276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2276-vitality-3,2276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2276-LEI-4,2276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2276-vitality-4,2276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2277-context-1,2277,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,yes -2277-location-1,2277,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.4774, 149.6392]]}",,,bib5307,no +2277-context-1,2277,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,yes +2277-location-1,2277,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.4774, 149.6392]]}",,,bib5330,no 2277-location-2,2277,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.45, 149.616666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2277-location-3,2277,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mussau or St Matthias Islands, northwest of the northwestern end of New Ireland.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2277-location-3,2277,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mussau or St Matthias Islands, northwest of the northwestern end of New Ireland.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2277-location-4,2277,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -2277-speaker_number-1,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2277-speakers-1,2277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2277-speaker_number-2,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1992, 4,200 to 5,000 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention 3,651.",bib7937,yes -2277-speakers-2,2277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1992, 4,200 to 5,000 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention 3,651.",bib7937,yes +2277-speaker_number-1,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2277-speakers-1,2277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2277-speaker_number-2,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1992, 4,200 to 5,000 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention 3,651.",bib7962,yes +2277-speakers-2,2277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1992, 4,200 to 5,000 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention 3,651.",bib7962,yes 2277-speaker_number-3,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2277-speakers-3,2277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2277-speaker_number-4,2277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (2003 SIL), increasing. Ethnic population: 5,000, including 3,500 in the traditional area (2000 J. Brownie SIL)",bib67,no 2277-speakers-4,2277,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (2003 SIL), increasing. Ethnic population: 5,000, including 3,500 in the traditional area (2000 J. Brownie SIL)",bib67,no -2277-LEI-1,2277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2277-vitality-1,2277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2277-LEI-2,2277,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7937,yes -2277-transmission-2,2277,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7937,yes -2277-vitality-2,2277,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7937,yes +2277-LEI-1,2277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2277-vitality-1,2277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2277-LEI-2,2277,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7962,yes +2277-transmission-2,2277,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7962,yes +2277-vitality-2,2277,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is under pressure from Tok Pisin, which tends to be preferred by young speakers and children.",bib7962,yes 2277-LEI-3,2277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2277-vitality-3,2277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2277-LEI-4,2277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,increasing,bib67,no 2277-vitality-4,2277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,increasing,bib67,no -2278-context-1,2278,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duau, Dobu""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Normanby Islands lingua franca Duau and the larger Dobu language, the lingua franca of the d’Entrecastaux Archipelago.",bib7937,no -2278-location-1,2278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0202, 151.0537]]}",,,bib5307,no -2278-location-2,2278,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib7937,no +2278-context-1,2278,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duau, Dobu""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Normanby Islands lingua franca Duau and the larger Dobu language, the lingua franca of the d’Entrecastaux Archipelago.",bib7962,no +2278-location-1,2278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0202, 151.0537]]}",,,bib5330,no +2278-location-2,2278,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib7962,no 2278-location-3,2278,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2278-speaker_number-1,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2278-speakers-1,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2278-speaker_number-2,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 166 speakers were reported, but their number is lower now.",bib7937,no -2278-speakers-2,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 166 speakers were reported, but their number is lower now.",bib7937,no +2278-speaker_number-1,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2278-speakers-1,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2278-speaker_number-2,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1972, 166 speakers were reported, but their number is lower now.",bib7962,no +2278-speakers-2,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1972, 166 speakers were reported, but their number is lower now.",bib7962,no 2278-speaker_number-3,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2278-speakers-3,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2278-speaker_number-4,2278,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,120 (2000 S. Wurm). 10%% monolingual,bib67,yes 2278-speakers-4,2278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,120 (2000 S. Wurm). 10%% monolingual,bib67,yes -2278-LEI-1,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2278-vitality-1,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2278-LEI-2,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2278-vitality-2,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2278-LEI-1,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2278-vitality-1,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2278-LEI-2,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2278-vitality-2,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2278-LEI-3,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2278-vitality-3,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2278-LEI-4,2278,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2278-vitality-4,2278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2279-location-1,2279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.9437, 134.0881]]}",,,bib5307,no +2279-location-1,2279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.9437, 134.0881]]}",,,bib5330,no 2279-location-2,2279,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2279-speaker_number-1,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2279-speakers-1,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2279-speaker_number-2,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2279-speakers-2,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2279-speaker_number-1,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2279-speakers-1,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2279-speaker_number-2,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2279-speakers-2,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2279-speaker_number-3,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2279-speakers-3,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2279-speaker_number-4,2279,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,600 (2000 SIL),bib67,yes 2279-speakers-4,2279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,600 (2000 SIL),bib67,yes -2279-LEI-1,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2279-vitality-1,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2279-LEI-2,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2279-vitality-2,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2279-LEI-1,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2279-vitality-1,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2279-LEI-2,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2279-vitality-2,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2279-LEI-3,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2279-vitality-3,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2279-LEI-4,2279,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2279-vitality-4,2279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2280-context-1,2280,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"They are bilin- gual in Indonesian, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7938,no -2280-location-1,2280,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5383, 140.2061]]}",,,bib5307,no -2280-location-2,2280,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in near-coastal northeastern Irian Jaya, west of Lake Sentani.""}",,,bib7938,no +2280-context-1,2280,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"They are bilin- gual in Indonesian, and the language is under pressure from it.",bib7963,no +2280-location-1,2280,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5383, 140.2061]]}",,,bib5330,no +2280-location-2,2280,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in near-coastal northeastern Irian Jaya, west of Lake Sentani.""}",,,bib7963,no 2280-location-3,2280,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2280-speaker_number-1,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2280-speakers-1,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2280-speaker_number-2,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2280-speakers-2,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2280-speaker_number-1,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2280-speakers-1,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2280-speaker_number-2,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2280-speakers-2,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2280-speaker_number-3,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2280-speakers-3,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2280-speaker_number-4,2280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2280-speakers-4,2280,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2280-LEI-1,2280,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2280-vitality-1,2280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2280-LEI-2,2280,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2280-speaker_number_trends-2,2280,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2280-vitality-2,2280,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2280-LEI-1,2280,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2280-vitality-1,2280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2280-LEI-2,2280,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2280-speaker_number_trends-2,2280,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2280-vitality-2,2280,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2280-LEI-3,2280,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2280-vitality-3,2280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2280-LEI-4,2280,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2280-vitality-4,2280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2281-context-1,2281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaiy, Indonesian""}",,Most of the speakers have shifted to Kaiy.,bib7938,no -2281-location-1,2281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9759, 138.153]]}",,,bib5307,no -2281-location-2,2281,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the lower Rouffaer River in central eastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2281-context-1,2281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaiy, Indonesian""}",,Most of the speakers have shifted to Kaiy.,bib7963,no +2281-location-1,2281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9759, 138.153]]}",,,bib5330,no +2281-location-2,2281,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the lower Rouffaer River in central eastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2281-location-3,2281,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2281-speaker_number-1,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2281-speakers-1,2281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2281-speaker_number-2,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There is confusion in the number of speakers. In 1987, the possibility of some elderly speakers was mentioned. In 1992, fifteen speakers were reported, and in 1993, possibly fifty-five.",bib7938,no -2281-speakers-2,2281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There is confusion in the number of speakers. In 1987, the possibility of some elderly speakers was mentioned. In 1992, fifteen speakers were reported, and in 1993, possibly fifty-five.",bib7938,no +2281-speaker_number-1,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2281-speakers-1,2281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2281-speaker_number-2,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There is confusion in the number of speakers. In 1987, the possibility of some elderly speakers was mentioned. In 1992, fifteen speakers were reported, and in 1993, possibly fifty-five.",bib7963,no +2281-speakers-2,2281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There is confusion in the number of speakers. In 1987, the possibility of some elderly speakers was mentioned. In 1992, fifteen speakers were reported, and in 1993, possibly fifty-five.",bib7963,no 2281-speaker_number-3,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2281-speakers-3,2281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2281-speaker_number-4,2281,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,32 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 130,bib67,yes 2281-speakers-4,2281,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,32 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 130,bib67,yes -2281-LEI-1,2281,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2281-vitality-1,2281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2281-LEI-2,2281,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2281-transmission-2,2281,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2281-speaker_number_trends-2,2281,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2281-vitality-2,2281,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2281-LEI-1,2281,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2281-vitality-1,2281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2281-LEI-2,2281,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2281-transmission-2,2281,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2281-speaker_number_trends-2,2281,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2281-vitality-2,2281,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2281-LEI-3,2281,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2281-vitality-3,2281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2281-LEI-4,2281,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2281-vitality-4,2281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2282-location-1,2282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3862, 120.4733]]}",,,bib5307,no +2282-location-1,2282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3862, 120.4733]]}",,,bib5330,no 2282-location-2,2282,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2282-speaker_number-1,2282,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2282-speakers-1,2282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2282-speaker_number-1,2282,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2282-speakers-1,2282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2282-speaker_number-2,2282,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2282-speakers-2,2282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2282-speaker_number-3,2282,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""250 Laiyolo, 550 Barang-Barang."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1997).",bib67,yes 2282-speakers-3,2282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""250 Laiyolo, 550 Barang-Barang."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1997).",bib67,yes -2282-LEI-1,2282,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2282-vitality-1,2282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2282-LEI-1,2282,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2282-vitality-1,2282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2282-LEI-2,2282,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2282-vitality-2,2282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2282-LEI-3,2282,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2282-vitality-3,2282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2283-context-1,2283,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maya, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2283-location-1,2283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.3186, 130.7345]]}",,,bib5307,no -2283-location-2,2283,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Waigeo Island (in the Raja Ampat Islands, northwest of the western end of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula), in the northwest and on the south coast of the island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2283-context-1,2283,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maya, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2283-location-1,2283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.3186, 130.7345]]}",,,bib5330,no +2283-location-2,2283,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Waigeo Island (in the Raja Ampat Islands, northwest of the western end of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula), in the northwest and on the south coast of the island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2283-location-3,2283,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2283-speaker_number-1,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2283-speakers-1,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2283-speaker_number-2,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2283-speakers-2,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2283-speaker_number-1,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2283-speakers-1,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2283-speaker_number-2,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2283-speakers-2,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2283-speaker_number-3,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2283-speakers-3,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2283-speaker_number-4,2283,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2283-speakers-4,2283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2283-LEI-1,2283,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2283-vitality-1,2283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2283-LEI-2,2283,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2283-speaker_number_trends-2,2283,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2283-vitality-2,2283,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2283-LEI-1,2283,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2283-vitality-1,2283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2283-LEI-2,2283,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2283-speaker_number_trends-2,2283,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2283-vitality-2,2283,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2283-LEI-3,2283,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2283-vitality-3,2283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2283-LEI-4,2283,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2283-vitality-4,2283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2284-context-1,2284,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tae, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2284-location-1,2284,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6303, 120.1849]]}",,,bib5307,no -2284-location-2,2284,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central western part of the bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2284-context-1,2284,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tae, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2284-location-1,2284,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6303, 120.1849]]}",,,bib5330,no +2284-location-2,2284,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central western part of the bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2284-location-3,2284,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2284-speaker_number-1,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2284-speakers-1,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2284-speaker_number-2,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2284-speakers-2,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2284-speaker_number-1,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2284-speakers-1,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2284-speaker_number-2,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2284-speakers-2,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2284-speaker_number-3,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2284-speakers-3,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2284-speaker_number-4,2284,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,yes 2284-speakers-4,2284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,yes -2284-LEI-1,2284,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2284-vitality-1,2284,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2284-LEI-2,2284,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2284-transmission-2,2284,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,no -2284-speaker_number_trends-2,2284,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2284-vitality-2,2284,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2284-LEI-1,2284,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2284-vitality-1,2284,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2284-LEI-2,2284,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2284-transmission-2,2284,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,no +2284-speaker_number_trends-2,2284,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2284-vitality-2,2284,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2284-LEI-3,2284,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2284-vitality-3,2284,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2284-LEI-4,2284,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2284-vitality-4,2284,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2285-context-1,2285,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lundayeh""}",,,bib7938,no -2285-location-1,2285,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.7327, 115.8728]]}",,,bib5307,no -2285-location-2,2285,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Kalimantan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western part of the extreme northeastern extension of Kalimantan, close to the Sarawak border.""}",,,bib7938,no +2285-context-1,2285,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lundayeh""}",,,bib7963,no +2285-location-1,2285,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.7327, 115.8728]]}",,,bib5330,no +2285-location-2,2285,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Kalimantan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western part of the extreme northeastern extension of Kalimantan, close to the Sarawak border.""}",,,bib7963,no 2285-location-3,2285,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2285-speaker_number-1,2285,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2285-speakers-1,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2285-speaker_number-2,2285,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2285-speakers-2,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2285-speaker_number-1,2285,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2285-speakers-1,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2285-speaker_number-2,2285,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2285-speakers-2,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2285-speaker_number-3,2285,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2285-speakers-3,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2285-speaker_number-4,2285,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2285-speakers-4,2285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2285-LEI-1,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2285-vitality-1,2285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2285-LEI-2,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2285-transmission-2,2285,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2285-speaker_number_trends-2,2285,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2285-vitality-2,2285,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2285-LEI-1,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2285-vitality-1,2285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2285-LEI-2,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2285-transmission-2,2285,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2285-speaker_number_trends-2,2285,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2285-vitality-2,2285,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2285-LEI-3,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2285-vitality-3,2285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2285-LEI-4,2285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2285-vitality-4,2285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2287-location-1,2287,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6202, 138.738]]}",,,bib5307,no -2287-location-2,2287,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Like Island, to the north of Sarmi on the western north coast of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2287-location-1,2287,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6202, 138.738]]}",,,bib5330,no +2287-location-2,2287,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Like Island, to the north of Sarmi on the western north coast of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2287-location-3,2287,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2287-speaker_number-1,2287,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2287-speakers-1,2287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2287-speaker_number-2,2287,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2287-speakers-2,2287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1954"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2287-speaker_number-1,2287,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2287-speakers-1,2287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2287-speaker_number-2,2287,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2287-speakers-2,2287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1954"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2287-speaker_number-3,2287,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2287-speakers-3,2287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2287-speaker_number-4,2287,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,yes 2287-speakers-4,2287,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,yes -2287-LEI-1,2287,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2287-vitality-1,2287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2287-LEI-2,2287,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2287-transmission-2,2287,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2287-speaker_number_trends-2,2287,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2287-vitality-2,2287,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2287-LEI-1,2287,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2287-vitality-1,2287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2287-LEI-2,2287,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2287-transmission-2,2287,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2287-speaker_number_trends-2,2287,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2287-vitality-2,2287,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2287-LEI-3,2287,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2287-vitality-3,2287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2287-LEI-4,2287,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 2287-vitality-4,2287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes -2288-context-1,2288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,"Language use is not vigorous, and a shift to Ambon Malay is in process.",bib7938,no -2288-location-1,2288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2392, 127.0239]]}",,,bib5307,no -2288-location-2,2288,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on northern and east- ern coastal strips of the large Buru Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2288-context-1,2288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,"Language use is not vigorous, and a shift to Ambon Malay is in process.",bib7963,no +2288-location-1,2288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2392, 127.0239]]}",,,bib5330,no +2288-location-2,2288,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on northern and east- ern coastal strips of the large Buru Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2288-location-3,2288,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2288-speaker_number-1,2288,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2288-speakers-1,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2288-speaker_number-2,2288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,no -2288-speakers-2,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7938,no +2288-speaker_number-1,2288,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2288-speakers-1,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2288-speaker_number-2,2288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,no +2288-speakers-2,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7963,no 2288-speaker_number-3,2288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2288-speakers-3,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,922"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2288-speaker_number-4,2288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,900 (1989 SIL)",bib67,yes 2288-speakers-4,2288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,900 (1989 SIL)",bib67,yes -2288-LEI-1,2288,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2288-vitality-1,2288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2288-LEI-2,2288,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2288-transmission-2,2288,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7938,no -2288-speaker_number_trends-2,2288,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2288-vitality-2,2288,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2288-LEI-1,2288,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2288-vitality-1,2288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2288-LEI-2,2288,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2288-transmission-2,2288,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7963,no +2288-speaker_number_trends-2,2288,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2288-vitality-2,2288,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2288-LEI-3,2288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2288-vitality-3,2288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2288-LEI-4,2288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2288-vitality-4,2288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2289-context-1,2289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,"In one of the three villages, language use is quite vigorous. In another one, young people are beginning to use Ambon Malay among themselves. In the third, there are many non- Aru people, and Ambon Malay is commonly used.",bib7938,no -2289-location-1,2289,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3316, 134.8818]]}",,,bib5307,no -2289-location-2,2289,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Southeast Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages on three islands east of Kobroor and Baun Islands in the Aru Islands, to the south of the neck portion of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula of Irian Jaya""}",,,bib7938,no +2289-context-1,2289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,"In one of the three villages, language use is quite vigorous. In another one, young people are beginning to use Ambon Malay among themselves. In the third, there are many non- Aru people, and Ambon Malay is commonly used.",bib7963,no +2289-location-1,2289,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3316, 134.8818]]}",,,bib5330,no +2289-location-2,2289,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Southeast Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages on three islands east of Kobroor and Baun Islands in the Aru Islands, to the south of the neck portion of the Bird\u2019s Head Peninsula of Irian Jaya""}",,,bib7963,no 2289-location-3,2289,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2289-speaker_number-1,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2289-speakers-1,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2289-speaker_number-2,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2289-speakers-2,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2289-speaker_number-1,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2289-speakers-1,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2289-speaker_number-2,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2289-speakers-2,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2289-speaker_number-3,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2289-speakers-3,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2289-speaker_number-4,2289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,830 (1995 SIL),bib67,yes 2289-speakers-4,2289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,830 (1995 SIL),bib67,yes -2289-LEI-1,2289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2289-vitality-1,2289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2289-LEI-2,2289,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2289-transmission-2,2289,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,no -2289-speaker_number_trends-2,2289,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2289-vitality-2,2289,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2289-LEI-1,2289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2289-vitality-1,2289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2289-LEI-2,2289,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2289-transmission-2,2289,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,no +2289-speaker_number_trends-2,2289,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2289-vitality-2,2289,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2289-LEI-3,2289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2289-vitality-3,2289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2289-LEI-4,2289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2289-vitality-4,2289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2290-location-1,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2984,no +2290-location-1,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2998,no 2290-location-2,2290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.5, -121.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2290-location-3,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.467, -121.5155]]}",,,bib1709,no -2290-location-4,2290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.467, -121.5155]]}",,,bib5307,no -2290-location-5,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""A Maiduan language, spoken in the Feather River and Oroville area of Butte and Yuba County, California, at the eastern edge of the Sacramento Valley. The principal modern Konkow community is at the Mooretown Rancheria.""}",,,bib5217,yes +2290-location-3,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.467, -121.5155]]}",,,bib1721,no +2290-location-4,2290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.467, -121.5155]]}",,,bib5330,no +2290-location-5,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""A Maiduan language, spoken in the Feather River and Oroville area of Butte and Yuba County, California, at the eastern edge of the Sacramento Valley. The principal modern Konkow community is at the Mooretown Rancheria.""}",,,bib5240,yes 2290-location-6,2290,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""California, Butte, and Yuba counties, Feather river, Oroville area. Ethnic group is scattered.""}",,,bib68,no -2290-speakers-1,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few""}",,"""There are a few elderly speakers, who participate in a Konkow Language Preservation Group"" (Golla 2007:56)",bib2984,no -2290-speaker_number-2,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2290-speakers-2,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2290-speaker_number-3,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes -2290-speakers-3,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes +2290-speakers-1,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few""}",,"""There are a few elderly speakers, who participate in a Konkow Language Preservation Group"" (Golla 2007:56)",bib2998,no +2290-speaker_number-2,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2290-speakers-2,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2290-speaker_number-3,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes +2290-speakers-3,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes 2290-speaker_number-4,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Called ""Northwest Maidu"" in Ethnologue (with Konkow as one of its alternative names). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 2290-speakers-4,2290,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994 (speaker number), 1977 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Called ""Northwest Maidu"" in Ethnologue (with Konkow as one of its alternative names). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 2290-speaker_number-5,2290,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2290-speakers-5,2290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2290-LEI-1,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2290-transmission-1,2290,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -2290-speaker_number_trends-1,2290,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -2290-vitality-1,2290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no -2290-LEI-2,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2290-vitality-2,2290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2290-LEI-3,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes -2290-transmission-3,2290,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes -2290-speaker_number_trends-3,2290,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes -2290-vitality-3,2290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5217,yes +2290-LEI-1,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2290-transmission-1,2290,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +2290-speaker_number_trends-1,2290,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +2290-vitality-1,2290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no +2290-LEI-2,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2290-vitality-2,2290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2290-LEI-3,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes +2290-transmission-3,2290,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes +2290-speaker_number_trends-3,2290,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes +2290-vitality-3,2290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are a few elderly speakers.,bib5240,yes 2290-LEI-4,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2290-transmission-4,2290,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 2290-speaker_number_trends-4,2290,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib68,no 2290-vitality-4,2290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no 2290-LEI-5,2290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2290-vitality-5,2290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2291-location-1,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon""}",,,bib3389,no -2291-location-2,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""South-central Oregon and northeastern California""}",,,bib2984,no +2291-location-1,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon""}",,,bib3407,no +2291-location-2,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""South-central Oregon and northeastern California""}",,,bib2998,no 2291-location-3,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon"", ""Coordinates"": [[42.5, -121.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2291-location-4,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California""}",,,bib5217,no +2291-location-4,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California""}",,,bib5240,no 2291-location-5,2291,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, south central, areas east and north of Klamath and Agency lakes; Modoc directly south.""}",,,bib69,no -2291-speakers-1,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"According to the Klamath Falls, OR Herald and News (Sept 16th, 2003), Mabie “Neva” Eggstrom, the last remaining fluent speaker of Klamath, died on Sept. 14th, 2003 (p. 91).",bib3389,no -2291-speaker_number-2,2291,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -2291-speakers-2,2291,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~6"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~6""}",,,bib2984,no -2291-speakers-3,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"“Mabie ‘Neva’ Eggsman, one of the last living keepers of the Klamath language, died in 2003 at age 95. Eggsman was the Klamath Tribes’ [sic] master language teacher, and her death left a void the Klamaths have been struggling to fill ever since. Klamath and Modoc, which is a closely related language, are near extinction, with no known living Native speakers. Today, in an attempt to reclaim the language, Randee Sheppard, one of two part-time language teachers for the tribes, takes the language into the classrooms of Mills and Chiloquin elementary schools and helps teach at the Culture Camp for children every year.” (p, 26)",bib3883,yes -2291-speaker_number-4,2291,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -2291-speakers-4,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5217,no +2291-speakers-1,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"According to the Klamath Falls, OR Herald and News (Sept 16th, 2003), Mabie “Neva” Eggstrom, the last remaining fluent speaker of Klamath, died on Sept. 14th, 2003 (p. 91).",bib3407,no +2291-speaker_number-2,2291,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +2291-speakers-2,2291,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~6"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~6""}",,,bib2998,no +2291-speakers-3,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"“Mabie ‘Neva’ Eggsman, one of the last living keepers of the Klamath language, died in 2003 at age 95. Eggsman was the Klamath Tribes’ [sic] master language teacher, and her death left a void the Klamaths have been struggling to fill ever since. Klamath and Modoc, which is a closely related language, are near extinction, with no known living Native speakers. Today, in an attempt to reclaim the language, Randee Sheppard, one of two part-time language teachers for the tribes, takes the language into the classrooms of Mills and Chiloquin elementary schools and helps teach at the Culture Camp for children every year.” (p, 26)",bib3903,yes +2291-speaker_number-4,2291,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +2291-speakers-4,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5240,no 2291-speaker_number-5,2291,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2291-speakers-5,2291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2291-speakers-6,2291,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,The last speaker died in 2003 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007). Ethnic population: 170 (2000 census). L2 users: 6 (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -2291-LEI-1,2291,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3389,no -2291-vitality-1,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3389,no -2291-LEI-2,2291,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2291-vitality-2,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -2291-LEI-3,2291,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3883,yes -2291-vitality-3,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3883,yes -2291-LEI-4,2291,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2291-transmission-4,2291,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2291-speaker_number_trends-4,2291,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2291-vitality-4,2291,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +2291-LEI-1,2291,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3407,no +2291-vitality-1,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3407,no +2291-LEI-2,2291,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2291-vitality-2,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +2291-LEI-3,2291,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3903,yes +2291-vitality-3,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3903,yes +2291-LEI-4,2291,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2291-transmission-4,2291,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2291-speaker_number_trends-4,2291,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2291-vitality-4,2291,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 2291-LEI-5,2291,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2291-vitality-5,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2291-LEI-6,2291,LEI,Awakening (),,"Revitalization efforts include lessons in Head Start program, classes in local primary school, weekly community meetings (Golla 2007).",bib69,no 2291-vitality-6,2291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Revitalization efforts include lessons in Head Start program, classes in local primary school, weekly community meetings (Golla 2007).",bib69,no -2292-context-1,2292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is fluent in English""}",,,bib5245,no -2292-context-2,2292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4026,yes -2292-location-1,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib5245,no -2292-location-2,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib2984,no +2292-context-1,2292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is fluent in English""}",,,bib5268,no +2292-context-2,2292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4046,yes +2292-location-1,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib5268,no +2292-location-2,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib2998,no 2292-location-3,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.0833333333, -123.75]]}",,,bib216,no -2292-location-4,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8475, -122.585]]}",,,bib5307,no -2292-location-5,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib5217,no -2292-location-6,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8475, -122.585]]}",,,bib1709,no +2292-location-4,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8475, -122.585]]}",,,bib5330,no +2292-location-5,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington""}",,,bib5240,no +2292-location-6,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8475, -122.585]]}",,,bib1721,no 2292-location-7,2292,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Washington, northeast Olympic Peninsula, Port Angeles.""}",,,bib69,no -2292-speaker_number-1,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2012 there were only two elders - aged 93 and 101 - who grew up speaking Klallam. Thanks to the efforts of the Klallam Language Program (KLP) there are a growing number of younger people leaning Klallam as their second language; some of them have achieved a high level of fluency.,bib5245,no -2292-speakers-1,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Hundreds""}",,In 2012 there were only two elders - aged 93 and 101 - who grew up speaking Klallam. Thanks to the efforts of the Klallam Language Program (KLP) there are a growing number of younger people leaning Klallam as their second language; some of them have achieved a high level of fluency.,bib5245,no -2292-speaker_number-2,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -2292-speakers-2,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib2984,no -2292-speaker_number-3,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2292-speakers-3,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2292-speakers-4,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few, 2 at Becher Bay""}",,"No fully fluent speakers remaining. There are very few first-language speakers remaining (two of them at Becher Bay), none fully fluent. The language is used in ceremonies and for tribal identity and there is considerable interest in revival.",bib5217,no +2292-speaker_number-1,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2012 there were only two elders - aged 93 and 101 - who grew up speaking Klallam. Thanks to the efforts of the Klallam Language Program (KLP) there are a growing number of younger people leaning Klallam as their second language; some of them have achieved a high level of fluency.,bib5268,no +2292-speakers-1,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Hundreds""}",,In 2012 there were only two elders - aged 93 and 101 - who grew up speaking Klallam. Thanks to the efforts of the Klallam Language Program (KLP) there are a growing number of younger people leaning Klallam as their second language; some of them have achieved a high level of fluency.,bib5268,no +2292-speaker_number-2,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +2292-speakers-2,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib2998,no +2292-speaker_number-3,2292,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2292-speakers-3,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2292-speakers-4,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few, 2 at Becher Bay""}",,"No fully fluent speakers remaining. There are very few first-language speakers remaining (two of them at Becher Bay), none fully fluent. The language is used in ceremonies and for tribal identity and there is considerable interest in revival.",bib5240,no 2292-speaker_number-5,2292,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2292-speakers-5,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2292-speakers-6,2292,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,"Last speaker died in 2014. Ethnic population: 3,000 (2014 R. Allen). L2 users: 6. L2 speakers have varying fluency, number is growing.",bib69,no -2292-speakers-7,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"There are currently some 3,000 Klallam members in the United States, split into three western-Washington tribes. The vast majority do not speak the Klallam language, although it is being taught as a second language at a handful of schools on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, including at Port Angeles High School, [chairman of the Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, Ron] Allen said.",bib4026,yes -2292-LEI-1,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5245,no -2292-transmission-1,2292,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5245,no -2292-domains_of_use-1,2292,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5245,no -2292-speaker_number_trends-1,2292,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5245,no -2292-vitality-1,2292,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5245,no -2292-LEI-2,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2292-domains_of_use-2,2292,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -2292-vitality-2,2292,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2984,no -2292-LEI-3,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2292-vitality-3,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2292-LEI-4,2292,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -2292-vitality-4,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +2292-speakers-7,2292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"There are currently some 3,000 Klallam members in the United States, split into three western-Washington tribes. The vast majority do not speak the Klallam language, although it is being taught as a second language at a handful of schools on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, including at Port Angeles High School, [chairman of the Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, Ron] Allen said.",bib4046,yes +2292-LEI-1,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5268,no +2292-transmission-1,2292,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5268,no +2292-domains_of_use-1,2292,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5268,no +2292-speaker_number_trends-1,2292,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5268,no +2292-vitality-1,2292,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Though the situation is dire, the Klallam language Program has begun the process of revitalizing the Klallam language.",bib5268,no +2292-LEI-2,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2292-domains_of_use-2,2292,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +2292-vitality-2,2292,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2998,no +2292-LEI-3,2292,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2292-vitality-3,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2292-LEI-4,2292,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +2292-vitality-4,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 2292-LEI-5,2292,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2292-vitality-5,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2292-LEI-6,2292,LEI,Awakening (),,"Taught as a heritage language K-12 at a handful of schools on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, including at Port Angeles High School.",bib69,no 2292-vitality-6,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Taught as a heritage language K-12 at a handful of schools on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, including at Port Angeles High School.",bib69,no -2292-LEI-7,2292,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4026,yes -2292-vitality-7,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4026,yes -2293-location-1,2293,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.25, -115.6166]]}",,,bib5307,no +2292-LEI-7,2292,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4046,yes +2292-vitality-7,2292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4046,yes +2293-location-1,2293,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.25, -115.6166]]}",,,bib5330,no 2293-location-2,2293,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.3333333333, -115.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2293-location-3,2293,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -2293-speaker_number-1,2293,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2293-speakers-1,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2293-speaker_number-2,2293,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5213,yes -2293-speakers-2,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5213,yes +2293-speaker_number-1,2293,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2293-speakers-1,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2293-speaker_number-2,2293,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5236,yes +2293-speakers-2,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5236,yes 2293-speaker_number-3,2293,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2293-speakers-3,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2293-speaker_number-4,2293,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2293-speakers-4,2293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -2293-LEI-1,2293,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2293-vitality-1,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2293-LEI-2,2293,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5213,yes -2293-vitality-2,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5213,yes +2293-LEI-1,2293,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2293-vitality-1,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2293-LEI-2,2293,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5236,yes +2293-vitality-2,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5236,yes 2293-LEI-3,2293,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2293-vitality-3,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2293-LEI-4,2293,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2293-vitality-4,2293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2295-context-1,2295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The language is highly endangered with only three fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.""}",,,bib3047,yes -2295-location-1,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern California""}",,,bib2984,no +2295-context-1,2295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The language is highly endangered with only three fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.""}",,,bib3061,yes +2295-location-1,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern California""}",,,bib2998,no 2295-location-2,2295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, -117.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2295-location-3,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""California, south, Tehachapi-Mojave area of the Mojave Desert.""}",,,bib67,no -2295-location-4,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0589, -118.4026]]}",,,bib5307,no -2295-location-5,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""In the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in south-central California.""}",,,bib5217,no -2295-location-6,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0589, -118.4026]]}",,,bib1709,no -2295-location-7,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern California""}",,,bib3047,yes -2295-speaker_number-1,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -2295-speakers-1,2295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no +2295-location-4,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0589, -118.4026]]}",,,bib5330,no +2295-location-5,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""In the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in south-central California.""}",,,bib5240,no +2295-location-6,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.0589, -118.4026]]}",,,bib1721,no +2295-location-7,2295,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Southern California""}",,,bib3061,yes +2295-speaker_number-1,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +2295-speakers-1,2295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no 2295-speaker_number-2,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"5 (2005 J. Turner). Ethnic population: 150–250 (2005 J. Turner) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2295-speakers-2,2295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150-200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"5 (2005 J. Turner). Ethnic population: 150–250 (2005 J. Turner) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2295-speaker_number-3,2295,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2295-speakers-3,2295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2295-speaker_number-4,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -2295-speakers-4,2295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5217,no +2295-speaker_number-3,2295,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2295-speakers-3,2295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2295-speaker_number-4,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +2295-speakers-4,2295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5240,no 2295-speaker_number-5,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2295-speakers-5,2295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2295-speaker_number-6,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3047,yes -2295-speakers-6,2295,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3047,yes -2295-LEI-1,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""language of a small unrecognized tribe of the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in southcentral California. Fewer than ten speakers were reported in 1994, but this is a significant proportion of the total population of this culturally conservative group, which is less than 100"" (Golla 2007:54).",bib2984,no -2295-vitality-1,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""language of a small unrecognized tribe of the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in southcentral California. Fewer than ten speakers were reported in 1994, but this is a significant proportion of the total population of this culturally conservative group, which is less than 100"" (Golla 2007:54).",bib2984,no +2295-speaker_number-6,2295,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3061,yes +2295-speakers-6,2295,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3061,yes +2295-LEI-1,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""language of a small unrecognized tribe of the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in southcentral California. Fewer than ten speakers were reported in 1994, but this is a significant proportion of the total population of this culturally conservative group, which is less than 100"" (Golla 2007:54).",bib2998,no +2295-vitality-1,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""language of a small unrecognized tribe of the Tehachapi region between the Mohave Desert and the San Joaquin Valley in southcentral California. Fewer than ten speakers were reported in 1994, but this is a significant proportion of the total population of this culturally conservative group, which is less than 100"" (Golla 2007:54).",bib2998,no 2295-LEI-2,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2295-vitality-2,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2295-LEI-3,2295,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2295-vitality-3,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2295-LEI-4,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2295-transmission-4,2295,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2295-speaker_number_trends-4,2295,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2295-vitality-4,2295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +2295-LEI-3,2295,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2295-vitality-3,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2295-LEI-4,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2295-transmission-4,2295,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2295-speaker_number_trends-4,2295,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2295-vitality-4,2295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 2295-LEI-5,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2295-vitality-5,2295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2295-LEI-6,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3047,yes -2295-transmission-6,2295,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3047,yes -2295-speaker_number_trends-6,2295,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3047,yes -2295-vitality-6,2295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3047,yes -2297-location-1,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7929, -123.3763]]}",,,bib1709,no -2297-location-2,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2984,no -2297-location-3,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Karuk Tribe of the Klamath River in northwestern California.""}",,,bib5217,no +2295-LEI-6,2295,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3061,yes +2295-transmission-6,2295,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3061,yes +2295-speaker_number_trends-6,2295,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3061,yes +2295-vitality-6,2295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is highly endangered with only 3 fluent native speakers, all over the age of 60.",bib3061,yes +2296-context-2,2296,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no +2296-context-3,2296,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +2296-location-1,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[59.3, -128.69]]}",,,bib73,yes +2296-location-2,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Yukon, British Columbia""]}",,,bib2998,no +2296-location-3,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Yukon Territory, Watson Lake, Ross River, and Lower Post; northern British Columbia border area, Lower Post, Fireside, Good Hope Lake, Dease Lake, Muncho Lake.""}",,,bib67,no +2296-location-4,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,"British Columbia province: Dease Lake, Fireside, Good Hope Lake, Lower Post, Muncho Lake; Yukon territory: Lower Post, Ross River, Watson Lake.",bib70,no +2296-location-5,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon, British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[61.9751, -132.4544]]}",,,bib5330,no +2296-location-6,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia, Yukon""]}",,"British Columbia and southeastern Yukon. In 3 communities in B.C.: +Daylu Dena Council (Lower Post, B.C.) +Dease River First Nation +Liard First Nation",bib2554,no +2296-location-7,2296,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Yukon, British Columbia""}",,,bib5240,no +2296-speaker_number-1,2296,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/danezage,bib73,yes +2296-speakers-1,2296,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,550"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""35""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/danezage,bib73,yes +2296-speaker_number-2,2296,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""An Athabaskan language spoken in the southeastern Yukon at Ross River, Watson Lake and Upper Liard, and in northern British Columbia at Lower Post, Fireside, Good Hope Lake, Dease Lake and Muncho Lake."" About 250 people are fluent speakers, and about 150 are passive speakers. (Golla 2007:54)",bib2998,no +2296-speakers-2,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""An Athabaskan language spoken in the southeastern Yukon at Ross River, Watson Lake and Upper Liard, and in northern British Columbia at Lower Post, Fireside, Good Hope Lake, Dease Lake and Muncho Lake."" About 250 people are fluent speakers, and about 150 are passive speakers. (Golla 2007:54)",bib2998,no +2296-speaker_number-3,2296,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,400 (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 900 (Krauss 1995).,bib67,no +2296-speakers-3,2296,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,400 (Krauss 1995). Ethnic population: 900 (Krauss 1995).,bib67,no +2296-speaker_number-4,2296,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,16 (FPCC 2014). 62 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 540 (FPCC 2014).,bib70,no +2296-speakers-4,2296,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""540"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""62""}",,16 (FPCC 2014). 62 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 540 (FPCC 2014).,bib70,no +2296-speaker_number-5,2296,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2296-speakers-5,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2296-speaker_number-6,2296,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,For speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +2296-speakers-6,2296,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""24""}",,For speakers in British Columbia,bib1291,no +2296-speaker_number-7,2296,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers only for those in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +2296-speakers-7,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""62""}",,Numbers only for those in British Columbia.,bib2554,no +2296-speaker_number-8,2296,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,In all these communities there is perhaps a total of 250 fluent speakers and another 150 passive speakers.,bib5240,no +2296-speakers-8,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""150""}",,In all these communities there is perhaps a total of 250 fluent speakers and another 150 passive speakers.,bib5240,no +2296-speaker_number-9,2296,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no +2296-speakers-9,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no +2296-speaker_number-10,2296,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +2296-speakers-10,2296,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32 fluent and 34 semi-speakers. 162 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""162""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +2296-LEI-1,2296,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes +2296-vitality-1,2296,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes +2296-LEI-2,2296,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2296-vitality-2,2296,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +2296-LEI-3,2296,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no +2296-vitality-3,2296,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no +2296-LEI-4,2296,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no +2296-transmission-4,2296,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no +2296-speaker_number_trends-4,2296,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no +2296-vitality-4,2296,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no +2296-LEI-5,2296,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2296-vitality-5,2296,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2296-LEI-6,2296,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fluent speakers .8%, Semi speakers 4.2%, Active learners 9.3%",bib1291,no +2296-transmission-6,2296,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Fluent speakers .8%, Semi speakers 4.2%, Active learners 9.3%",bib1291,no +2296-speaker_number_trends-6,2296,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Fluent speakers .8%, Semi speakers 4.2%, Active learners 9.3%",bib1291,no +2296-vitality-6,2296,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Fluent speakers .8%, Semi speakers 4.2%, Active learners 9.3%",bib1291,no +2296-LEI-7,2296,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"3% fluent speakers, 11.5% semispeakers, 11.1% learners.",bib2554,no +2296-transmission-7,2296,transmission,5,transmission-5,"3% fluent speakers, 11.5% semispeakers, 11.1% learners.",bib2554,no +2296-speaker_number_trends-7,2296,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"3% fluent speakers, 11.5% semispeakers, 11.1% learners.",bib2554,no +2296-vitality-7,2296,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"3% fluent speakers, 11.5% semispeakers, 11.1% learners.",bib2554,no +2296-LEI-8,2296,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2296-transmission-8,2296,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,no +2296-speaker_number_trends-8,2296,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2296-vitality-8,2296,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +2296-LEI-9,2296,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no +2296-vitality-9,2296,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no +2297-location-1,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[41.7929, -123.3763]]}",,,bib1721,no +2297-location-2,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2998,no +2297-location-3,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Karuk Tribe of the Klamath River in northwestern California.""}",,,bib5240,no 2297-location-4,2297,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Karuk Tribe of the Klamath River in northwestern California.""}",,,,no 2297-location-5,2297,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.6666666667, -123.0]]}",,,bib216,yes -2297-speakers-1,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12""}",,,bib1709,no -2297-speaker_number-2,2297,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""...a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers [than fluent Native speakers]"" (Golla 2007:53).",bib2984,no -2297-speakers-2,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~30""}",,"""...a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers [than fluent Native speakers]"" (Golla 2007:53).",bib2984,no -2297-speaker_number-3,2297,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5217,no -2297-speakers-3,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5217,no +2297-speakers-1,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12""}",,,bib1721,no +2297-speaker_number-2,2297,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""...a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers [than fluent Native speakers]"" (Golla 2007:53).",bib2998,no +2297-speakers-2,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~30""}",,"""...a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers [than fluent Native speakers]"" (Golla 2007:53).",bib2998,no +2297-speaker_number-3,2297,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5240,no +2297-speakers-3,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",bib5240,no 2297-speaker_number-4,2297,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",,no 2297-speakers-4,2297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than a dozen fluent first-language speakers, and a larger number of semi-speakers and passive speakers.",,no -2297-LEI-1,2297,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2297-vitality-1,2297,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -2297-LEI-2,2297,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2297-vitality-2,2297,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +2297-LEI-1,2297,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2297-vitality-1,2297,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +2297-LEI-2,2297,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2297-vitality-2,2297,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 2297-LEI-3,2297,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 2297-vitality-3,2297,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no 2299-context-1,2299,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2299-location-1,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Jicarilla Reservation, northeastern New Mexico""}",,,bib2984,no +2299-location-1,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Jicarilla Reservation, northeastern New Mexico""}",,,bib2998,no 2299-location-2,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.5833333333, -104.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2299-location-3,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Northern New Mexico, Dulce area.""}",,,bib67,no 2299-location-4,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: New Mexico""]}",,New Mexico: Dulce area.,bib70,no -2299-location-5,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9336, -106.9984]]}",,,bib5307,no -2299-location-6,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""]}",,,bib5217,yes -2299-location-7,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9336, -106.9984]]}",,,bib1709,no -2299-speaker_number-1,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2299-speakers-1,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": "">300""}",,,bib2984,no +2299-location-5,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9336, -106.9984]]}",,,bib5330,no +2299-location-6,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""]}",,,bib5240,yes +2299-location-7,2299,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9336, -106.9984]]}",,,bib1721,no +2299-speaker_number-1,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2299-speakers-1,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": "">300""}",,,bib2998,no 2299-speaker_number-2,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from the 2000 census. Data for the ethnic population given consists of ""all Apache varieties.""",bib67,no 2299-speakers-2,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,270 (\""all Apache varieties\"")"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from the 2000 census. Data for the ethnic population given consists of ""all Apache varieties.""",bib67,no 2299-speaker_number-3,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 3100 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 2299-speakers-3,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": "">300""}",,"300 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 3100 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -2299-speaker_number-4,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2299-speakers-4,2299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2299-speaker_number-5,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Jicarilla is an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. There are about 300 first-language speakers and an equal or greater number of semi-speakers out of a total Jicarilla tribal population of 3,100.",bib5217,yes -2299-speakers-5,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""300?""}",,"Jicarilla is an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. There are about 300 first-language speakers and an equal or greater number of semi-speakers out of a total Jicarilla tribal population of 3,100.",bib5217,yes -2299-speaker_number-6,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1709,no -2299-speakers-6,2299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1709,no +2299-speaker_number-4,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2299-speakers-4,2299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2299-speaker_number-5,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Jicarilla is an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. There are about 300 first-language speakers and an equal or greater number of semi-speakers out of a total Jicarilla tribal population of 3,100.",bib5240,yes +2299-speakers-5,2299,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""300?""}",,"Jicarilla is an emergent language within the Southern Athabaskan dialect complex. There are about 300 first-language speakers and an equal or greater number of semi-speakers out of a total Jicarilla tribal population of 3,100.",bib5240,yes +2299-speaker_number-6,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1721,no +2299-speakers-6,2299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1721,no 2299-speaker_number-7,2299,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2299-speakers-7,2299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""812"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2299-LEI-1,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2299-vitality-1,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +2299-LEI-1,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2299-vitality-1,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 2299-LEI-2,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2299-vitality-2,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2299-LEI-3,2299,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2299-transmission-3,2299,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib70,no 2299-speaker_number_trends-3,2299,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 2299-vitality-3,2299,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2299-LEI-4,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2299-vitality-4,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2299-LEI-5,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2299-vitality-5,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -2299-LEI-6,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -2299-vitality-6,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1709,no +2299-LEI-4,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2299-vitality-4,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2299-LEI-5,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2299-vitality-5,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +2299-LEI-6,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +2299-vitality-6,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1721,no 2299-LEI-7,2299,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2299-vitality-7,2299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2300-context-1,2300,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2300-location-1,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central New Mexico""}",,,bib2984,no +2300-location-1,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central New Mexico""}",,,bib2998,no 2300-location-2,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico.""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.8333333333, -107.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2300-location-3,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central New Mexico""}",,,bib67,no 2300-location-4,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: New Mexico""]}",,north central New Mexico,bib70,no -2300-location-5,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.6151, -106.7242]]}",,,bib5307,no -2300-location-6,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, Pueblo of Jemez 45 miles northwest of Albuquerque.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2300-location-7,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico.""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6151, -106.7242]]}",,,bib1709,no -2300-speaker_number-1,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -2300-speakers-1,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +2300-location-5,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.6151, -106.7242]]}",,,bib5330,no +2300-location-6,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, Pueblo of Jemez 45 miles northwest of Albuquerque.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2300-location-7,2300,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico.""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6151, -106.7242]]}",,,bib1721,no +2300-speaker_number-1,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +2300-speakers-1,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 2300-speaker_number-2,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There were 6 monolinguals in 1990. Listed as Towa in US Census (2000). Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census. Data from the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 2300-speakers-2,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,009"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There were 6 monolinguals in 1990. Listed as Towa in US Census (2000). Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census. Data from the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 2300-speaker_number-3,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1790 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007), decreasing. 2009 listed as Towa in 2000 census. Ethnic population: 1940 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007).",bib70,no 2300-speakers-3,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1940"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1790 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007), decreasing. 2009 listed as Towa in 2000 census. Ethnic population: 1940 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007).",bib70,no -2300-speaker_number-4,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2300-speakers-4,2300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2300-speaker_number-5,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5217,yes -2300-speakers-5,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5217,yes +2300-speaker_number-4,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2300-speakers-4,2300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2300-speaker_number-5,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5240,yes +2300-speakers-5,2300,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5240,yes 2300-speaker_number-6,2300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2300-speakers-6,2300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,301"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2300-LEI-1,2300,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2300-transmission-1,2300,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2984,no -2300-vitality-1,2300,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +2300-LEI-1,2300,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2300-transmission-1,2300,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2998,no +2300-vitality-1,2300,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 2300-LEI-2,2300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2300-vitality-2,2300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2300-LEI-3,2300,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages,bib70,no 2300-transmission-3,2300,transmission,0,transmission-0,All ages,bib70,no 2300-speaker_number_trends-3,2300,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,All ages,bib70,no 2300-vitality-3,2300,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All ages,bib70,no -2300-LEI-4,2300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2300-vitality-4,2300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2300-LEI-5,2300,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5217,yes -2300-transmission-5,2300,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5217,yes -2300-domains_of_use-5,2300,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5217,yes -2300-speaker_number_trends-5,2300,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5217,yes -2300-vitality-5,2300,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5217,yes +2300-LEI-4,2300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2300-vitality-4,2300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2300-LEI-5,2300,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5240,yes +2300-transmission-5,2300,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5240,yes +2300-domains_of_use-5,2300,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5240,yes +2300-speaker_number_trends-5,2300,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5240,yes +2300-vitality-5,2300,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nearly the entire Jemez population of about 3,000 speaks the language, including most children.",bib5240,yes 2300-LEI-6,2300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2300-vitality-6,2300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2305-location-1,2305,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3231, 14.9839]]}",,,bib5307,no +2305-location-1,2305,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3231, 14.9839]]}",,,bib5330,no 2305-location-2,2305,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Majera""}",,,bib67,yes -2305-speaker_number-1,2305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2305-speakers-1,2305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2305-speaker_number-1,2305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2305-speakers-1,2305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2305-speaker_number-2,2305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2305-speakers-2,2305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2305-speaker_number-3,2305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,500 in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). 500 all Majera (Tourneux 2004).,bib67,yes 2305-speakers-3,2305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,500 in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). 500 all Majera (Tourneux 2004).,bib67,yes -2305-LEI-1,2305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2305-vitality-1,2305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2305-LEI-1,2305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2305-vitality-1,2305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2305-LEI-2,2305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2305-vitality-2,2305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2305-LEI-3,2305,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2305-vitality-3,2305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2306-location-1,2306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.136, 14.6914]]}",,,bib5307,no +2306-location-1,2306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.136, 14.6914]]}",,,bib5330,no 2306-location-2,2306,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -2306-speaker_number-1,2306,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2306-speakers-1,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""723"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2306-speaker_number-2,2306,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by 5,000 or fewer people in Cameroon, and a few hundred people in Chad",bib7615,yes -2306-speakers-2,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by 5,000 or fewer people in Cameroon, and a few hundred people in Chad",bib7615,yes +2306-speaker_number-1,2306,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2306-speakers-1,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""723"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2306-speaker_number-2,2306,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by 5,000 or fewer people in Cameroon, and a few hundred people in Chad",bib7640,yes +2306-speakers-2,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by 5,000 or fewer people in Cameroon, and a few hundred people in Chad",bib7640,yes 2306-speaker_number-3,2306,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2306-speakers-3,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""723"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2306-speaker_number-4,2306,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 250 speakers in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). ""Nearly all in Cameroon.""",bib67,no 2306-speakers-4,2306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 250 speakers in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). ""Nearly all in Cameroon.""",bib67,no -2306-LEI-1,2306,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2306-vitality-1,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2306-LEI-2,2306,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -2306-vitality-2,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +2306-LEI-1,2306,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2306-vitality-1,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2306-LEI-2,2306,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +2306-vitality-2,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 2306-LEI-3,2306,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2306-vitality-3,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2306-LEI-4,2306,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2306-vitality-4,2306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2307-location-1,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Bahr el Ghazal, South Sudan""]}",,"Their country is clearly shown on maps, across the western boundary: about half way between their present home and Ndele, the residence of their great enemy, the Sanusi. Kukpo, Nyamba (or Nyangba), Miringi, Wanda-Jale (or Jali) were their former homes... The Yulu are not autochthons of their present land. They came from the region of the Blue Nile, spending centuries on the way.",bib6512,no -2307-location-2,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by small communities traditionally settled both in the Central African Republic (Pr\u00e9fecture de la Vakaga) and the Republic of the Sudan (Bahr-el Ghazal [now in South Sudan] and Southern Darfur Provinces).""}",,,bib1189,no +2307-location-1,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Bahr el Ghazal, South Sudan""]}",,"Their country is clearly shown on maps, across the western boundary: about half way between their present home and Ndele, the residence of their great enemy, the Sanusi. Kukpo, Nyamba (or Nyangba), Miringi, Wanda-Jale (or Jali) were their former homes... The Yulu are not autochthons of their present land. They came from the region of the Blue Nile, spending centuries on the way.",bib6536,no +2307-location-2,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by small communities traditionally settled both in the Central African Republic (Pr\u00e9fecture de la Vakaga) and the Republic of the Sudan (Bahr-el Ghazal [now in South Sudan] and Southern Darfur Provinces).""}",,,bib1198,no 2307-location-4,2307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.5, 25.25]]}",,,bib216,no 2307-location-5,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan"", ""Democratic Republic of the Congo"", ""Central African Republic""]}",,,bib67,no -2307-location-6,2307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3854, 24.1754]]}",,,bib5307,no -2307-location-7,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].""]}",,"The Yulu language is spoken today in two neighbouring African countries - in the Central African Republic (formerly French Equatorial Africa) and in the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan]. In the former, it is spoken in the sub-prefecture of the Ouande-Djale mainly by the Yulu tribe itself. In the Sudan [now in South Sudan], things are somewhat different. Other tribes, i. e. the Binga (pronounced biýa) and the Kara speak it as well. Yulu is spoken in two areas in the Sudan - in and around the Rodom area in South-Western Darfur province mainly by the Binga and the Kara, and in the Raga district of the Bahr el Ghazal province of the south Sudan by the Yulu and the neighbouring Binga and Kara... Ouande-Djald is supposed to be the original home of the Yulu.",bib2805,yes -2307-location-8,2307,location,"{""Description"": ""Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].""}",,Il est parlé en République centrafricaine (région de Ouanda-Djallé) et au Soudan (régions de Raga et Rodom)...,bib1200,no +2307-location-6,2307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3854, 24.1754]]}",,,bib5330,no +2307-location-7,2307,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].""]}",,"The Yulu language is spoken today in two neighbouring African countries - in the Central African Republic (formerly French Equatorial Africa) and in the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan]. In the former, it is spoken in the sub-prefecture of the Ouande-Djale mainly by the Yulu tribe itself. In the Sudan [now in South Sudan], things are somewhat different. Other tribes, i. e. the Binga (pronounced biýa) and the Kara speak it as well. Yulu is spoken in two areas in the Sudan - in and around the Rodom area in South-Western Darfur province mainly by the Binga and the Kara, and in the Raga district of the Bahr el Ghazal province of the south Sudan by the Yulu and the neighbouring Binga and Kara... Ouande-Djald is supposed to be the original home of the Yulu.",bib2819,yes +2307-location-8,2307,location,"{""Description"": ""Central African Republic and the Republic of the Sudan [now in South Sudan].""}",,Il est parlé en République centrafricaine (région de Ouanda-Djallé) et au Soudan (régions de Raga et Rodom)...,bib1209,no 2307-speaker_number-2,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 in Central African Republic (1996).",bib67,no 2307-speakers-2,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 in Central African Republic (1996).",bib67,no -2307-speaker_number-3,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2307-speakers-3,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2307-speaker_number-3,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2307-speakers-3,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2307-speaker_number-4,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Given the wide geographical area where Yulu is spoken, it is extremely difficult to give even a rough estimate. I shall, therefore, confine myself to the sub-dialect under research. Even here the problem is complicated by the fact that... the language is spoken not only by the Yulu, but also by the neighbouring Binga and Kara. Furthermore, the only available figures from which the statistics have been quoted were those taken from the tax-payers list... It is the writer's own estimate from all indications that the -number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range between 3,000-5,000.",bib2805,yes +number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range between 3,000-5,000.",bib2819,yes 2307-speakers-4,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 - 5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Given the wide geographical area where Yulu is spoken, it is extremely difficult to give even a rough estimate. I shall, therefore, confine myself to the sub-dialect under research. Even here the problem is complicated by the fact that... the language is spoken not only by the Yulu, but also by the neighbouring Binga and Kara. Furthermore, the only available figures from which the statistics have been quoted were those taken from the tax-payers list... It is the writer's own estimate from all indications that the -number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range between 3,000-5,000.",bib2805,yes -2307-speaker_number-5,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Il est parlé... au total, environ 10.000 locuteurs.",bib1200,no -2307-speakers-5,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Il est parlé... au total, environ 10.000 locuteurs.",bib1200,no +number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range between 3,000-5,000.",bib2819,yes +2307-speaker_number-5,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Il est parlé... au total, environ 10.000 locuteurs.",bib1209,no +2307-speakers-5,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Il est parlé... au total, environ 10.000 locuteurs.",bib1209,no 2307-speaker_number-6,2307,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2307-speakers-6,2307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2307-LEI-1,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2307-vitality-1,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2307-LEI-2,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2307-vitality-2,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2307-LEI-3,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2805,yes -2307-vitality-3,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2805,yes -2307-LEI-4,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1200,no -2307-vitality-4,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1200,no +2307-LEI-2,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2307-vitality-2,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2307-LEI-3,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2819,yes +2307-vitality-3,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2819,yes +2307-LEI-4,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1209,no +2307-vitality-4,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1209,no 2307-LEI-5,2307,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2307-vitality-5,2307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2308-location-1,2308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6386, 16.018]]}",,,bib5307,no +2308-location-1,2308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6386, 16.018]]}",,,bib5330,no 2308-location-2,2308,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2308-speaker_number-1,2308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2308-speakers-1,2308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,228"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2308-speaker_number-1,2308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2308-speakers-1,2308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,228"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2308-speaker_number-2,2308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2308-speakers-2,2308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,228"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2308-speaker_number-3,2308,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2308-speakers-3,2308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2308-LEI-1,2308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2308-vitality-1,2308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2308-LEI-1,2308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2308-vitality-1,2308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2308-LEI-2,2308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2308-vitality-2,2308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2308-LEI-3,2308,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2308-vitality-3,2308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2309-location-1,2309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3473, 17.2485]]}",,,bib5307,no +2309-location-1,2309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3473, 17.2485]]}",,,bib5330,no 2309-location-2,2309,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2309-speaker_number-1,2309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2309-speakers-1,2309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2309-speaker_number-1,2309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2309-speakers-1,2309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2309-speaker_number-2,2309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2309-speakers-2,2309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2309-speaker_number-3,2309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2309-speakers-3,2309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2309-LEI-1,2309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2309-vitality-1,2309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2309-LEI-1,2309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2309-vitality-1,2309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2309-LEI-2,2309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2309-vitality-2,2309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2309-LEI-3,2309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2309-vitality-3,2309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2310-location-1,2310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.187, 18.1645]]}",,,bib5307,no +2310-location-1,2310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.187, 18.1645]]}",,,bib5330,no 2310-location-2,2310,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2310-speaker_number-1,2310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2310-speakers-1,2310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2310-speaker_number-1,2310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2310-speakers-1,2310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2310-speaker_number-2,2310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2310-speakers-2,2310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2310-speaker_number-3,2310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,yes 2310-speakers-3,2310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,yes -2310-LEI-1,2310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2310-vitality-1,2310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2310-LEI-1,2310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2310-vitality-1,2310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2310-LEI-2,2310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2310-vitality-2,2310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2310-LEI-3,2310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2310-vitality-3,2310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2311-location-1,2311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3093, 15.3588]]}",,,bib5307,no +2311-location-1,2311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3093, 15.3588]]}",,,bib5330,no 2311-location-2,2311,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2311-speaker_number-1,2311,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2311-speakers-1,2311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2311-speaker_number-1,2311,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2311-speakers-1,2311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2311-speaker_number-2,2311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 (1999 SIL). 4,696 Karanga and 1,419 Bakha.",bib67,yes 2311-speakers-2,2311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 (1999 SIL). 4,696 Karanga and 1,419 Bakha.",bib67,yes -2311-LEI-1,2311,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2311-vitality-1,2311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2311-LEI-1,2311,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2311-vitality-1,2311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2311-LEI-2,2311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2311-vitality-2,2311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2312-location-1,2312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9742, 19.1848]]}",,,bib5307,no +2312-location-1,2312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9742, 19.1848]]}",,,bib5330,no 2312-location-2,2312,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2312-speaker_number-1,2312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2312-speakers-1,2312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2312-speaker_number-1,2312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2312-speakers-1,2312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2312-speaker_number-2,2312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2312-speakers-2,2312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2312-speaker_number-3,2312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,200 (2004). Ethnic population: 4,028 Koulfa, 2,199 Kouroumi, 910 Bara (census 1993).",bib67,yes 2312-speakers-3,2312,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,137"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003 speakers, 1993 (census) population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,200 (2004). Ethnic population: 4,028 Koulfa, 2,199 Kouroumi, 910 Bara (census 1993).",bib67,yes -2312-LEI-1,2312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2312-vitality-1,2312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2312-LEI-1,2312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2312-vitality-1,2312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2312-LEI-2,2312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2312-vitality-2,2312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2312-LEI-3,2312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2312-vitality-3,2312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2314-context-1,2314,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib6474,yes +2314-context-1,2314,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib6498,yes 2314-context-2,2314,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2314-location-1,2314,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan, Godoberi Village""]}",,,bib6474,yes +2314-location-1,2314,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan, Godoberi Village""]}",,,bib6498,yes 2314-location-2,2314,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.6666666667, 46.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2314-location-3,2314,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2314-location-4,2314,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.643, 46.1027]]}",,,bib5307,no +2314-location-4,2314,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.643, 46.1027]]}",,,bib5330,no 2314-location-5,2314,location,"{""Places"": [""Godoberis, Zibirhali villages""], ""Description"": ""northwest of southern Dgestan.""}",,,bib213,no -2314-speaker_number-1,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -2314-speakers-1,2314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2314-speaker_number-1,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +2314-speakers-1,2314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2314-speaker_number-2,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (1996). Ethnic population: 2,500 (1990 Kibrik)",bib67,no 2314-speakers-2,2314,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 speakers, 1990 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (1996). Ethnic population: 2,500 (1990 Kibrik)",bib67,no -2314-speaker_number-3,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2314-speakers-3,2314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2314-speaker_number-3,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2314-speakers-3,2314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2314-speaker_number-4,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2314-speakers-4,2314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2314-speaker_number-5,2314,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 2314-speakers-5,2314,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,475"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -2314-LEI-1,2314,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2314-transmission-1,2314,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,yes -2314-domains_of_use-1,2314,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6474,yes -2314-vitality-1,2314,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes +2314-LEI-1,2314,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2314-transmission-1,2314,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,yes +2314-domains_of_use-1,2314,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6498,yes +2314-vitality-1,2314,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes 2314-LEI-2,2314,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2314-vitality-2,2314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2314-LEI-3,2314,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2314-vitality-3,2314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2314-LEI-3,2314,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2314-vitality-3,2314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2314-LEI-4,2314,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2314-vitality-4,2314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2314-LEI-5,2314,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2314-vitality-5,2314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2315-context-1,2315,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib6474,no -2315-context-2,2315,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Russian: official purposes, education, communication outside the community (and sometimes inside it)"", ""Avar: official \""mother tongue,\"" taught in schools, used with Avar people"", ""Tsez and Bezhta: used by speakers with relations among Tsez and Bezhta people""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar, Tsez, Bezhta"", ""Government Support"": ""No official status"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[Hinuq children] also acquire Tsez or Bezhta if their mother is a Tsez or Bezhta speaker, but normally their command of Hinuq is better. They come into contact with Russian as soon as they use mass media, mostly in the form of television programs, music and Internet. This contact intensifies when they start to attend school. More generally, Russian is the main lingua franca today in Daghestan and used by Hinuq speakers of all ages (except for a small group of illiterate elder women).Before Russians arrived, Avar used to be the lingua franca in the area of Daghestan where Hinuq is spoken. Today it is still the language that Hinuq children learn in school as part of their ‘mother tongue education’.",bib2690,yes +2315-context-1,2315,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib6498,no +2315-context-2,2315,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Russian: official purposes, education, communication outside the community (and sometimes inside it)"", ""Avar: official \""mother tongue,\"" taught in schools, used with Avar people"", ""Tsez and Bezhta: used by speakers with relations among Tsez and Bezhta people""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar, Tsez, Bezhta"", ""Government Support"": ""No official status"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[Hinuq children] also acquire Tsez or Bezhta if their mother is a Tsez or Bezhta speaker, but normally their command of Hinuq is better. They come into contact with Russian as soon as they use mass media, mostly in the form of television programs, music and Internet. This contact intensifies when they start to attend school. More generally, Russian is the main lingua franca today in Daghestan and used by Hinuq speakers of all ages (except for a small group of illiterate elder women).Before Russians arrived, Avar used to be the lingua franca in the area of Daghestan where Hinuq is spoken. Today it is still the language that Hinuq children learn in school as part of their ‘mother tongue education’.",bib2703,yes 2315-context-3,2315,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools, social spheres""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian, Dido""}",,,bib213,no -2315-location-1,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan, Hinukh Village""]}",,,bib6474,no +2315-location-1,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan, Hinukh Village""]}",,,bib6498,no 2315-location-2,2315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1666666667, 46.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2315-location-3,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2315-location-4,2315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1801, 45.977]]}",,,bib5307,no -2315-location-5,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Most [speakers] live in the village of Hinuq (Russian: Ginux) in the Caucasian mountains (Cuntinskij Rajon, Daghestan, Russian Federation). Due to the harsh living conditions, in the 1980s Hinuq speakers began to move mainly to the village of Monastirksi in the Daghestanian lowlands. Currently more than 100 Hinuq people live there and their number is constantly growing."", ""Coordinates"": [[42.17642940057645, 45.986961731064795]]}",,,bib2690,yes +2315-location-4,2315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1801, 45.977]]}",,,bib5330,no +2315-location-5,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Most [speakers] live in the village of Hinuq (Russian: Ginux) in the Caucasian mountains (Cuntinskij Rajon, Daghestan, Russian Federation). Due to the harsh living conditions, in the 1980s Hinuq speakers began to move mainly to the village of Monastirksi in the Daghestanian lowlands. Currently more than 100 Hinuq people live there and their number is constantly growing."", ""Coordinates"": [[42.17642940057645, 45.986961731064795]]}",,,bib2703,yes 2315-location-6,2315,location,"{""Places"": [""Dagestan, Hinukh Village""]}",,,bib213,no -2315-speaker_number-1,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -2315-speakers-1,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no +2315-speaker_number-1,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +2315-speakers-1,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no 2315-speaker_number-2,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2315-speakers-2,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (Census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2315-speaker_number-3,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2315-speakers-3,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""548"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2315-speaker_number-3,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2315-speakers-3,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""548"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2315-speaker_number-4,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2315-speakers-4,2315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2315-speaker_number-5,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"I estimate that there are around 600 Hinuq people of who all speak the language... For children growing up in the mountain village Hinuq is first language, because Hinuq isthe most important language used for communication within the village.",bib2690,yes -2315-speakers-5,2315,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"I estimate that there are around 600 Hinuq people of who all speak the language... For children growing up in the mountain village Hinuq is first language, because Hinuq isthe most important language used for communication within the village.",bib2690,yes +2315-speaker_number-5,2315,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"I estimate that there are around 600 Hinuq people of who all speak the language... For children growing up in the mountain village Hinuq is first language, because Hinuq isthe most important language used for communication within the village.",bib2703,yes +2315-speakers-5,2315,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"I estimate that there are around 600 Hinuq people of who all speak the language... For children growing up in the mountain village Hinuq is first language, because Hinuq isthe most important language used for communication within the village.",bib2703,yes 2315-speakers-6,2315,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib213,no -2315-LEI-1,2315,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2315-transmission-1,2315,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,no -2315-vitality-1,2315,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2315-LEI-1,2315,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2315-transmission-1,2315,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,no +2315-vitality-1,2315,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2315-LEI-2,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2315-vitality-2,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2315-LEI-3,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2315-vitality-3,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2315-LEI-3,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2315-vitality-3,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2315-LEI-4,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2315-vitality-4,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2315-LEI-5,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2690,yes -2315-vitality-5,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2690,yes +2315-LEI-5,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2703,yes +2315-vitality-5,2315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2703,yes 2315-LEI-6,2315,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2315-domains_of_use-6,2315,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 2315-vitality-6,2315,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2316-context-1,2316,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes +2316-context-1,2316,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes 2316-context-2,2316,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""During Soviet era, children were educated for the first five years in Avar, and then Russian from there on.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2316-location-1,2316,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan, Gunzib, Nakhada, Garbutlj villages""]}",,,bib6474,yes +2316-location-1,2316,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan, Gunzib, Nakhada, Garbutlj villages""]}",,,bib6498,yes 2316-location-2,2316,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1666666667, 46.25]]}",,,bib216,no 2316-location-3,2316,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2316-location-4,2316,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1654, 46.2991]]}",,,bib5307,no +2316-location-4,2316,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1654, 46.2991]]}",,,bib5330,no 2316-location-5,2316,location,"{""Places"": [""Hunz"", ""Gorbutlj"", ""Nakhada Villages, Dagestan. Some Hunzib families live on the plains of Dagestan and in the Kvareli District of Georgia.""], ""Description"": ""As regards geography the three Hunzib villages are situated in a mountain area with a harsh climate, on the upper reaches of the River Avar-Koisu.""}",,,bib213,no -2316-speaker_number-1,2316,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -2316-speakers-1,2316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2316-speaker_number-1,2316,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +2316-speakers-1,2316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2316-speaker_number-2,2316,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,840 (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 2,000",bib67,no 2316-speakers-2,2316,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,840 (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 2,000",bib67,no -2316-speaker_number-3,2316,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2316-speakers-3,2316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,839"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2316-speaker_number-3,2316,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2316-speakers-3,2316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,839"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2316-speaker_number-4,2316,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2316-speakers-4,2316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2316-speakers-5,2316,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib213,no -2316-LEI-1,2316,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2316-transmission-1,2316,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,yes -2316-vitality-1,2316,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +2316-LEI-1,2316,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2316-transmission-1,2316,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,yes +2316-vitality-1,2316,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 2316-LEI-2,2316,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2316-vitality-2,2316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2316-LEI-3,2316,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2316-vitality-3,2316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2316-LEI-3,2316,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2316-vitality-3,2316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2316-LEI-4,2316,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2316-vitality-4,2316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2316-LEI-5,2316,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2316-domains_of_use-5,2316,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 2316-vitality-5,2316,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2317-context-1,2317,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wampar, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2317-location-1,2317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3999, 146.802]]}",,,bib5307,no -2317-location-2,2317,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken to the north of Lae on the Busu River.""}",,,bib7937,no +2317-context-1,2317,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wampar, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2317-location-1,2317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3999, 146.802]]}",,,bib5330,no +2317-location-2,2317,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken to the north of Lae on the Busu River.""}",,,bib7962,no 2317-location-3,2317,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2317-speaker_number-1,2317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2317-speakers-1,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2317-speaker_number-2,2317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1988, 157 speakers were reported. Now there may be below 100 speakers.",bib7937,no -2317-speakers-2,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1988, 157 speakers were reported. Now there may be below 100 speakers.",bib7937,no +2317-speaker_number-1,2317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2317-speakers-1,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2317-speaker_number-2,2317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1988, 157 speakers were reported. Now there may be below 100 speakers.",bib7962,no +2317-speakers-2,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1988, 157 speakers were reported. Now there may be below 100 speakers.",bib7962,no 2317-speaker_number-3,2317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2317-speakers-3,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""157"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2317-speaker_number-4,2317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,160 (Holzknecht 1988),bib67,yes 2317-speakers-4,2317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,160 (Holzknecht 1988),bib67,yes -2317-LEI-1,2317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2317-vitality-1,2317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2317-LEI-2,2317,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7937,no -2317-transmission-2,2317,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7937,no -2317-vitality-2,2317,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7937,no +2317-LEI-1,2317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2317-vitality-1,2317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2317-LEI-2,2317,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7962,no +2317-transmission-2,2317,transmission,2,transmission-2,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7962,no +2317-vitality-2,2317,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"It is under pressure from neighbouring large related languages such as Wampar, and from Tok Pisin which the children prefer.",bib7962,no 2317-LEI-3,2317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2317-vitality-3,2317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2317-LEI-4,2317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2317-vitality-4,2317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2325-context-1,2325,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The number of speakers has gone down since [1983] through speakers shifting to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5309,yes +2325-context-1,2325,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,The number of speakers has gone down since [1983] through speakers shifting to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5332,yes 2325-location-1,2325,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2325-location-2,2325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.83887457, 130.0009396]]}",,,bib1182,no -2325-location-3,2325,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin.""], ""Description"": ""50-80km south of the Daly River and the Central Daly River, at the Daly River Mission, Bagot and Delissaville.""}",,,bib5309,yes -2325-speaker_number-1,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2325-speakers-1,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2325-location-2,2325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.83887457, 130.0009396]]}",,,bib1191,no +2325-location-3,2325,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin.""], ""Description"": ""50-80km south of the Daly River and the Central Daly River, at the Daly River Mission, Bagot and Delissaville.""}",,,bib5332,yes +2325-speaker_number-1,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2325-speakers-1,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2325-speaker_number-2,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 2325-speakers-2,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 2325-speaker_number-3,2325,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 2325-speakers-3,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -2325-speaker_number-4,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2325-speakers-4,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2325-speaker_number-4,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2325-speakers-4,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2325-speaker_number-5,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2325-speakers-5,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2325-speaker_number-6,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, twenty-five fluent speakers and fifty second language users were reported. The number of speakers has gone down since...",bib5309,yes -2325-speakers-6,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<50""}",,"In 1983, twenty-five fluent speakers and fifty second language users were reported. The number of speakers has gone down since...",bib5309,yes -2325-LEI-1,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2325-vitality-1,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2325-speaker_number-6,2325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, twenty-five fluent speakers and fifty second language users were reported. The number of speakers has gone down since...",bib5332,yes +2325-speakers-6,2325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<50""}",,"In 1983, twenty-five fluent speakers and fifty second language users were reported. The number of speakers has gone down since...",bib5332,yes +2325-LEI-1,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2325-vitality-1,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2325-LEI-2,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2325-vitality-2,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2325-LEI-3,2325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2325-vitality-3,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2325-LEI-4,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2325-vitality-4,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2325-LEI-4,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2325-vitality-4,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2325-LEI-5,2325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2325-vitality-5,2325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2325-LEI-6,2325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5309,yes -2325-transmission-6,2325,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5309,yes -2325-domains_of_use-6,2325,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5309,yes -2325-speaker_number_trends-6,2325,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5309,yes -2325-vitality-6,2325,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5309,yes -2327-context-1,2327,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,...speakers have shifted to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5309,yes -2327-location-1,2327,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, south of the Manda language.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +2325-LEI-6,2325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5332,yes +2325-transmission-6,2325,transmission,5,transmission-5,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5332,yes +2325-domains_of_use-6,2325,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5332,yes +2325-speaker_number_trends-6,2325,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5332,yes +2325-vitality-6,2325,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,There is not literacy in Marithiel. ... Marithiel is endangered.,bib5332,yes +2327-context-1,2327,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,...speakers have shifted to the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.,bib5332,yes +2327-location-1,2327,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, south of the Manda language.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 2327-location-2,2327,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 2327-speaker_number-1,2327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2327-speakers-1,2327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2327-speaker_number-2,2327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few...",bib5309,yes -2327-speakers-2,2327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few...",bib5309,yes +2327-speaker_number-2,2327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few...",bib5332,yes +2327-speakers-2,2327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps twenty speakers were reported. Today there are only a few...",bib5332,yes 2327-speaker_number-3,2327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 2327-speakers-3,2327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 2327-LEI-1,2327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2327-vitality-1,2327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2327-LEI-2,2327,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5309,yes -2327-transmission-2,2327,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5309,yes -2327-domains_of_use-2,2327,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5309,yes -2327-speaker_number_trends-2,2327,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5309,yes -2327-vitality-2,2327,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5309,yes +2327-LEI-2,2327,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5332,yes +2327-transmission-2,2327,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5332,yes +2327-domains_of_use-2,2327,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5332,yes +2327-speaker_number_trends-2,2327,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5332,yes +2327-vitality-2,2327,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Mariyedia is moribund.,bib5332,yes 2327-LEI-3,2327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2327-vitality-3,2327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2329-context-1,2329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Murrinh Patha""}",,"The strong Marriammu speakers I contacted state they speak the language as much as possible. This is mainly when they are in the company of each other or when they are at the traditional homelands of Marriammu. They also speak it to their children who understand the language. [...] All informants that were spoken to feel that, unless something is done, the Marriammu language will eventually die out. As there are no younger people speaking the language, the elders state they would like to see the language kept strong.",bib1297,yes -2329-location-1,2329,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Marriammu tribal lands are situated approximately forty kilometres north of Wadeye, (Port Keats). The exact location is on the coast between the mouth of the Little Moyle and Big Moyle rivers at a place called Rek Tjendi.""}",,,bib1297,yes -2329-speaker_number-1,2329,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2329-speakers-1,2329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -2329-speaker_number-2,2329,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1297,yes -2329-speakers-2,2329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1297,yes +2329-context-1,2329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Murrinh Patha""}",,"The strong Marriammu speakers I contacted state they speak the language as much as possible. This is mainly when they are in the company of each other or when they are at the traditional homelands of Marriammu. They also speak it to their children who understand the language. [...] All informants that were spoken to feel that, unless something is done, the Marriammu language will eventually die out. As there are no younger people speaking the language, the elders state they would like to see the language kept strong.",bib1306,yes +2329-location-1,2329,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Marriammu tribal lands are situated approximately forty kilometres north of Wadeye, (Port Keats). The exact location is on the coast between the mouth of the Little Moyle and Big Moyle rivers at a place called Rek Tjendi.""}",,,bib1306,yes +2329-speaker_number-1,2329,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2329-speakers-1,2329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +2329-speaker_number-2,2329,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1306,yes +2329-speakers-2,2329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1306,yes 2329-speaker_number-3,2329,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 2329-speakers-3,2329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -2329-LEI-1,2329,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2329-vitality-1,2329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -2329-LEI-2,2329,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1297,yes -2329-transmission-2,2329,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1297,yes -2329-vitality-2,2329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1297,yes +2329-LEI-1,2329,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2329-vitality-1,2329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +2329-LEI-2,2329,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1306,yes +2329-transmission-2,2329,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1306,yes +2329-vitality-2,2329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Only a handful of elderly Marriammu people are strong speakers of the language, while the younger ones are talking the traditional language of Wadeye, Murrinh Patha. Many younger Marriammu people understand the language but cannot speak it. They are able to sing the ceremonial songs in Marriammu but very little else. One of the younger people I spoke to listens very carefully to his mother speaking Marriammu and is taking an interest in trying to learn to speak the language. [...] As far as the informants or anyone else is aware of, there are no children speaking the Marriammu language.",bib1306,yes 2329-LEI-3,2329,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2329-vitality-3,2329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2330-context-1,2330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,"The language is under pressure from the English-based pigdin lingua franca Kriol, and English...",bib7937,no +2330-context-1,2330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,"The language is under pressure from the English-based pigdin lingua franca Kriol, and English...",bib7962,no 2330-location-1,2330,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2330-location-2,2330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.004314, 129.855606]]}",,,bib7945,no -2330-location-3,2330,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay, south of Maridjabin.""]}",,,bib7937,no -2330-speaker_number-1,2330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2330-speakers-1,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2330-location-2,2330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.004314, 129.855606]]}",,,bib7970,no +2330-location-3,2330,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, inland from Anson Bay, south of Maridjabin.""]}",,,bib7962,no +2330-speaker_number-1,2330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2330-speakers-1,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2330-speaker_number-2,2330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 2330-speakers-2,2330,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -2330-speaker_number-3,2330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3333,yes -2330-speakers-3,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3333,yes +2330-speaker_number-3,2330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3350,yes +2330-speakers-3,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3350,yes 2330-speaker_number-4,2330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2330-speakers-4,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2330-speaker_number-5,2330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps thirty speakers were reported. Today there are very much less.",bib7937,no -2330-speakers-5,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps thirty speakers were reported. Today there are very much less.",bib7937,no -2330-LEI-1,2330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2330-vitality-1,2330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2330-speaker_number-5,2330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps thirty speakers were reported. Today there are very much less.",bib7962,no +2330-speakers-5,2330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps thirty speakers were reported. Today there are very much less.",bib7962,no +2330-LEI-1,2330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2330-vitality-1,2330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2330-LEI-2,2330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2330-vitality-2,2330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2330-LEI-3,2330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,yes -2330-transmission-3,2330,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3333,yes -2330-vitality-3,2330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3333,yes +2330-LEI-3,2330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,yes +2330-transmission-3,2330,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3350,yes +2330-vitality-3,2330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3350,yes 2330-LEI-4,2330,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2330-vitality-4,2330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2330-LEI-5,2330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7937,no -2330-transmission-5,2330,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7937,no -2330-domains_of_use-5,2330,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7937,no -2330-speaker_number_trends-5,2330,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7937,no -2330-vitality-5,2330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7937,no -2345-context-1,2345,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Fufulde with other ethnolinguistic groups and at market"", ""Mundang in some churches"", ""Fufulde in some mosques""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, Mundang, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Only Mambay is used in the home, in the fields, and with Mambay friends.",bib3261,no -2345-context-2,2345,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Wider communication, religious teaching (Fulfulde), school (French), prayers (Arabic), Christian celebrations (Mundang)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, French, Mundang, Hausa, Arabic"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Yes (COLAMA, Catholic Church, SIL)""}",,"Most Mambay speakers are proficient in at least one other language. The most common languages of multilingualism are (in order of decreasing frequency) Fulfulde (the language of the Fulbe), French and Mundang. Proficiency in Hausa and Arabic, two other languages of multilingualism, is limited to a small minority of men... In the Mambay language area, as throughout most of Northern Cameroon, the dominance of Fulfulde is an inescapable part of the sociolinguistic equilibrium ... it has steadily increased among the Mambay, with the possible exception of the last decade, since the ethnic community has begun to show interest in the preservation of their language... Even in interethnic encounters involving groups other than Fulbe, Fulfulde is almost always used as a language of wider communication. Proficiency in French is, unsurprisingly, correlated to level of education in the Frenchlanguage school systems of Cameroon and Chad. ... Interestingly, proficiency in additional languages is also correlated to religious adherence. The Mambay view Fulfulde as an Islamic language, and while Arabic is used for prayer, imams in the area use Fulfulde for religious teaching; use of Mambay (or any language other than Arabic or Fulfulde) is discouraged for Muslims in religious contexts. Because of this, Mambay who are Muslim tend to be more proficient in Fulfulde than those who are Christian... In contrast, Mambay who consider themselves Christian (particularly those who are Protestant) generally have a higher level of proficiency in Mundang than those who are Muslim. This is particularly true of Mambay Christians living on the Chad side of the border because until recently, Mundang was the primary language used there in Christian celebrations. Finally, geographic proximity to other language areas is related to multilingualism: proficiency in Mundang is more common in Chad, where the Mambay and Mundang language areas are adjacent to one another... Languages other than Mambay are used primarily in situations where members of other ethnic groups are present, and in domains where written languages are used. Among Mambay speakers, the only place where another language is used in an oral domain is in conversation in and around the mosque.",bib503,no +2330-LEI-5,2330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7962,no +2330-transmission-5,2330,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7962,no +2330-domains_of_use-5,2330,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7962,no +2330-speaker_number_trends-5,2330,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7962,no +2330-vitality-5,2330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is...seriously endangered. It is heading towards being moribund.,bib7962,no +2345-context-1,2345,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Fufulde with other ethnolinguistic groups and at market"", ""Mundang in some churches"", ""Fufulde in some mosques""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, Mundang, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Only Mambay is used in the home, in the fields, and with Mambay friends.",bib3277,no +2345-context-2,2345,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Wider communication, religious teaching (Fulfulde), school (French), prayers (Arabic), Christian celebrations (Mundang)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, French, Mundang, Hausa, Arabic"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Yes (COLAMA, Catholic Church, SIL)""}",,"Most Mambay speakers are proficient in at least one other language. The most common languages of multilingualism are (in order of decreasing frequency) Fulfulde (the language of the Fulbe), French and Mundang. Proficiency in Hausa and Arabic, two other languages of multilingualism, is limited to a small minority of men... In the Mambay language area, as throughout most of Northern Cameroon, the dominance of Fulfulde is an inescapable part of the sociolinguistic equilibrium ... it has steadily increased among the Mambay, with the possible exception of the last decade, since the ethnic community has begun to show interest in the preservation of their language... Even in interethnic encounters involving groups other than Fulbe, Fulfulde is almost always used as a language of wider communication. Proficiency in French is, unsurprisingly, correlated to level of education in the Frenchlanguage school systems of Cameroon and Chad. ... Interestingly, proficiency in additional languages is also correlated to religious adherence. The Mambay view Fulfulde as an Islamic language, and while Arabic is used for prayer, imams in the area use Fulfulde for religious teaching; use of Mambay (or any language other than Arabic or Fulfulde) is discouraged for Muslims in religious contexts. Because of this, Mambay who are Muslim tend to be more proficient in Fulfulde than those who are Christian... In contrast, Mambay who consider themselves Christian (particularly those who are Protestant) generally have a higher level of proficiency in Mundang than those who are Muslim. This is particularly true of Mambay Christians living on the Chad side of the border because until recently, Mundang was the primary language used there in Christian celebrations. Finally, geographic proximity to other language areas is related to multilingualism: proficiency in Mundang is more common in Chad, where the Mambay and Mundang language areas are adjacent to one another... Languages other than Mambay are used primarily in situations where members of other ethnic groups are present, and in domains where written languages are used. Among Mambay speakers, the only place where another language is used in an oral domain is in conversation in and around the mosque.",bib506,no 2345-location-2,2345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.66666666667, 14.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2345-location-3,2345,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -2345-location-4,2345,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""], ""Description"": ""The majority of the population lives in the North Province of Cameroon, while the remaining group of 3,000 speakers is found immediately across the border in the Mayo-Kebbi Prefecture of southwestern Chad.""}",,,bib501,yes -2345-location-5,2345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6007, 14.0899]]}",,,bib5307,no -2345-location-6,2345,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""], ""Description"": ""To the north of the Adamawa Massif and approximately eight hundred kilometres from the Gulf of Guinea, the Mambay ethnic group straddles the border of Cameroon and Chad. Members of the group, numbering about fifteen thousand, live along the Mayo Kebbi (Kebbi River) at the point where it flows south-west from Chad toward its confluence with the Benue River in Cameroon...""}",,"The Mambay ethnic group is found in north-eastern Cameroon and south-western Chad... In Cameroon, they are primarily located in the Guider and Figuil Subdivisions (Mayo-Louti Division) as well as the Bibémi and Pitoa Subdivisions (Bénoué Division), all of which are found in the North Province... In Chad, the Mambay are found in Biparé Canton, which is located in the Léré Subdivision of the Lac-Léré Division (formerly part of the larger Mayo-Kebbi Division)... There are small communities of Mambay outside the language area in the cities of Garoua, N’Gaoundéré and Maroua in Cameroon; in Chad, displaced populations live in Léré and N’Djaména.",bib503,no -2345-speaker_number-1,2345,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3261,no -2345-speakers-1,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3261,no +2345-location-4,2345,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""], ""Description"": ""The majority of the population lives in the North Province of Cameroon, while the remaining group of 3,000 speakers is found immediately across the border in the Mayo-Kebbi Prefecture of southwestern Chad.""}",,,bib504,yes +2345-location-5,2345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6007, 14.0899]]}",,,bib5330,no +2345-location-6,2345,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""], ""Description"": ""To the north of the Adamawa Massif and approximately eight hundred kilometres from the Gulf of Guinea, the Mambay ethnic group straddles the border of Cameroon and Chad. Members of the group, numbering about fifteen thousand, live along the Mayo Kebbi (Kebbi River) at the point where it flows south-west from Chad toward its confluence with the Benue River in Cameroon...""}",,"The Mambay ethnic group is found in north-eastern Cameroon and south-western Chad... In Cameroon, they are primarily located in the Guider and Figuil Subdivisions (Mayo-Louti Division) as well as the Bibémi and Pitoa Subdivisions (Bénoué Division), all of which are found in the North Province... In Chad, the Mambay are found in Biparé Canton, which is located in the Léré Subdivision of the Lac-Léré Division (formerly part of the larger Mayo-Kebbi Division)... There are small communities of Mambay outside the language area in the cities of Garoua, N’Gaoundéré and Maroua in Cameroon; in Chad, displaced populations live in Léré and N’Djaména.",bib506,no +2345-speaker_number-1,2345,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3277,no +2345-speakers-1,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3277,no 2345-speaker_number-2,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 8,000 speakers in Cameroon (2002 SIL).",bib67,no 2345-speakers-2,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 8,000 speakers in Cameroon (2002 SIL).",bib67,no -2345-speaker_number-3,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib501,yes -2345-speakers-3,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib501,yes -2345-speaker_number-4,2345,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2345-speakers-4,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2345-speaker_number-5,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Cameroon: 12,000; Chad: 3,000; Both countries: 15,000",bib503,no -2345-speakers-5,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Cameroon: 12,000; Chad: 3,000; Both countries: 15,000",bib503,no +2345-speaker_number-3,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib504,yes +2345-speakers-3,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib504,yes +2345-speaker_number-4,2345,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2345-speakers-4,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2345-speaker_number-5,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Cameroon: 12,000; Chad: 3,000; Both countries: 15,000",bib506,no +2345-speakers-5,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Cameroon: 12,000; Chad: 3,000; Both countries: 15,000",bib506,no 2345-speaker_number-6,2345,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2345-speakers-6,2345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2345-LEI-1,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3261,no -2345-transmission-1,2345,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3261,no -2345-domains_of_use-1,2345,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3261,no -2345-speaker_number_trends-1,2345,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3261,no -2345-vitality-1,2345,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3261,no +2345-LEI-1,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3277,no +2345-transmission-1,2345,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3277,no +2345-domains_of_use-1,2345,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3277,no +2345-speaker_number_trends-1,2345,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3277,no +2345-vitality-1,2345,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some of the groups had the perception that the young people were mixing more French and Fulfulde in the language than their elders did. However, they felt that their children would continue to speak Mambay well. We did not see any signs of language loss, and in general the situation seemed to be stable, with no language shifting to other domains.",bib3277,no 2345-LEI-2,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2345-vitality-2,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2345-LEI-3,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib501,yes -2345-vitality-3,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib501,yes -2345-LEI-4,2345,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2345-vitality-4,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2345-LEI-5,2345,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib503,no -2345-domains_of_use-5,2345,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib503,no -2345-speaker_number_trends-5,2345,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib503,no -2345-vitality-5,2345,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib503,no +2345-LEI-3,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib504,yes +2345-vitality-3,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib504,yes +2345-LEI-4,2345,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2345-vitality-4,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2345-LEI-5,2345,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib506,no +2345-domains_of_use-5,2345,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib506,no +2345-speaker_number_trends-5,2345,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib506,no +2345-vitality-5,2345,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Recently, the use of Mambay has expanded into several new domains: religious services and conversation, radio and writing... Older speakers of Mambay know the names of many large mammals, and have seen and eaten some of these animals; in contrast, younger speakers of the language know only the names of a few large mammals which appear in folk tales, but have not seen or consumed them... COLAMA (Comité de Langue Mambay) has sponsored a weekly radio program in Mambay since mid-2005.",bib506,no 2345-LEI-6,2345,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2345-vitality-6,2345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2346-context-1,2346,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib68,no -2346-location-1,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,yes -2346-location-2,2346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.196, 9.5581]]}",,,bib5307,no -2346-location-3,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,no -2346-location-4,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.291667, 9.65], [10.333333, 9.633333]]}",,"Geji is a little documented language spoken north of the Bauchi-Jos road, on the eastern side of the Zaranda mountain.",bib1519,no +2346-location-1,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,yes +2346-location-2,2346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.196, 9.5581]]}",,,bib5330,no +2346-location-3,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,no +2346-location-4,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.291667, 9.65], [10.333333, 9.633333]]}",,"Geji is a little documented language spoken north of the Bauchi-Jos road, on the eastern side of the Zaranda mountain.",bib1531,no 2346-location-5,2346,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Nigeria""]}",,,bib68,no -2346-speaker_number-1,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"650 (LA 1971), 1000 (Caron 2005). 20 villages (2007)",bib981,yes -2346-speakers-1,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"650 (LA 1971), 1000 (Caron 2005). 20 villages (2007)",bib981,yes -2346-speaker_number-2,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2346-speakers-2,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2346-speaker_number-3,2346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,no -2346-speakers-3,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1515,no +2346-speaker_number-1,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"650 (LA 1971), 1000 (Caron 2005). 20 villages (2007)",bib985,yes +2346-speakers-1,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"650 (LA 1971), 1000 (Caron 2005). 20 villages (2007)",bib985,yes +2346-speaker_number-2,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2346-speakers-2,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2346-speaker_number-3,2346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,no +2346-speakers-3,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Si les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000) les autres locuteurs avoisinent les 500 pour les lectes encore vivaces (Boto, Zaranda, Dir, Baraza, Geji, Zakshi, Chari)...",bib1527,no 2346-speaker_number-4,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 2346-speakers-4,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 2346-speaker_number-5,2346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2346-speakers-5,2346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2346-LEI-1,2346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,yes -2346-vitality-1,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,yes -2346-LEI-2,2346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2346-vitality-2,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2346-LEI-3,2346,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,no -2346-vitality-3,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,no +2346-LEI-1,2346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,yes +2346-vitality-1,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,yes +2346-LEI-2,2346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2346-vitality-2,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2346-LEI-3,2346,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,no +2346-vitality-3,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,no 2346-LEI-4,2346,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2346-domains_of_use-4,2346,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,no 2346-vitality-4,2346,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,no 2346-LEI-5,2346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2346-vitality-5,2346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2347-context-1,2347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"[A] test in Sango was applied to the Bayaka of Londo village and Moali camp in 1994 with interesting results. Basically, the forest Bayaka have a higher level of Sango ability than would be expected. Their ability varies by age, gender, and contact with outsiders. ",bib2314,no -2347-context-2,2347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala, Sango""}",,,bib7615,yes -2347-location-1,2347,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.108899, 17.069321]]}",,...western Congo-Zaire basin,bib3502,no -2347-location-2,2347,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Rain forest of Central African Republic and Congo-Brazzaville, between the Sangha and the Ubangi Rivers (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81). More precisely, the Bayaka territory reflects the land that was covered by the forest before deforestation: another 30\u201370 kilometers beyond the current borders of the forest (personal observation)... It is possible that part of the Bayaka population lives across the Ubangi River in the western Democratic Republic of Congo (former Zaire). There are Pygmies living in that region, but research still needs to be done as to their language and ethnic identity (Margaret Hill, personal communication 1997).""}",,The Aka language is spoken by the Bayaka Pygmies of Central African Republic (C.A.R). and Congo-Brazzaville.,bib2314,no +2347-context-1,2347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"[A] test in Sango was applied to the Bayaka of Londo village and Moali camp in 1994 with interesting results. Basically, the forest Bayaka have a higher level of Sango ability than would be expected. Their ability varies by age, gender, and contact with outsiders. ",bib2327,no +2347-context-2,2347,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala, Sango""}",,,bib7640,yes +2347-location-1,2347,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.108899, 17.069321]]}",,...western Congo-Zaire basin,bib3520,no +2347-location-2,2347,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Rain forest of Central African Republic and Congo-Brazzaville, between the Sangha and the Ubangi Rivers (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81). More precisely, the Bayaka territory reflects the land that was covered by the forest before deforestation: another 30\u201370 kilometers beyond the current borders of the forest (personal observation)... It is possible that part of the Bayaka population lives across the Ubangi River in the western Democratic Republic of Congo (former Zaire). There are Pygmies living in that region, but research still needs to be done as to their language and ethnic identity (Margaret Hill, personal communication 1997).""}",,The Aka language is spoken by the Bayaka Pygmies of Central African Republic (C.A.R). and Congo-Brazzaville.,bib2327,no 2347-location-3,2347,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.66666666667, 16.25]]}",,,bib216,no -2347-location-4,2347,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the dense forest area that forms the border between the Central African Republic and Congo-Brazzaville.""}",,,bib7615,yes -2347-speakers-1,2347,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970-1980""}",,,bib3502,no -2347-speaker_number-2,2347,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The generally accepted population figure for the Bayaka people is around 30,000 (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81, Bahuchet 1993b:81, Grimes 2000). It is very difficult to determine the exact size of the Bayaka population due to their mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle. The Central African government census of 1990 registered about 9,400 Bayaka in C.A.R (Recensement RCA 1988). Previously, Cavalli-Sforza had attempted a limited survey of the Bayaka of the Lobaye. He noted that only the Bayaka who happened to be near a village at the time of the census would be counted (1986:26). This same restriction would certainly hold true for the 1990 government census.",bib2314,no -2347-speakers-2,2347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The generally accepted population figure for the Bayaka people is around 30,000 (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81, Bahuchet 1993b:81, Grimes 2000). It is very difficult to determine the exact size of the Bayaka population due to their mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle. The Central African government census of 1990 registered about 9,400 Bayaka in C.A.R (Recensement RCA 1988). Previously, Cavalli-Sforza had attempted a limited survey of the Bayaka of the Lobaye. He noted that only the Bayaka who happened to be near a village at the time of the census would be counted (1986:26). This same restriction would certainly hold true for the 1990 government census.",bib2314,no -2347-speaker_number-3,2347,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While population figures estimate the Aka population at 30,000 there are good reasons to believe that the language/dialect(s) as a whole is at risk of disappearing. Progressively Aka/Bayaka-speakers are leaving the confines of the forest areas and are settling in the vicinity of smaller settlements in hope of day labour or medical assistance. Often it is exactly due to the effort of 'helping' the forest populations that they are being drawn out of their original environment. Frequently the consequence of these noble efforts is destitution, illness and the loss of their language in favour of Sango, in the Central African Republic and Lingala in the Congo.",bib7615,yes -2347-speakers-3,2347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While population figures estimate the Aka population at 30,000 there are good reasons to believe that the language/dialect(s) as a whole is at risk of disappearing. Progressively Aka/Bayaka-speakers are leaving the confines of the forest areas and are settling in the vicinity of smaller settlements in hope of day labour or medical assistance. Often it is exactly due to the effort of 'helping' the forest populations that they are being drawn out of their original environment. Frequently the consequence of these noble efforts is destitution, illness and the loss of their language in favour of Sango, in the Central African Republic and Lingala in the Congo.",bib7615,yes +2347-location-4,2347,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the dense forest area that forms the border between the Central African Republic and Congo-Brazzaville.""}",,,bib7640,yes +2347-speakers-1,2347,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970-1980""}",,,bib3520,no +2347-speaker_number-2,2347,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The generally accepted population figure for the Bayaka people is around 30,000 (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81, Bahuchet 1993b:81, Grimes 2000). It is very difficult to determine the exact size of the Bayaka population due to their mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle. The Central African government census of 1990 registered about 9,400 Bayaka in C.A.R (Recensement RCA 1988). Previously, Cavalli-Sforza had attempted a limited survey of the Bayaka of the Lobaye. He noted that only the Bayaka who happened to be near a village at the time of the census would be counted (1986:26). This same restriction would certainly hold true for the 1990 government census.",bib2327,no +2347-speakers-2,2347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The generally accepted population figure for the Bayaka people is around 30,000 (Bahuchet and Thomas 1986:81, Bahuchet 1993b:81, Grimes 2000). It is very difficult to determine the exact size of the Bayaka population due to their mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle. The Central African government census of 1990 registered about 9,400 Bayaka in C.A.R (Recensement RCA 1988). Previously, Cavalli-Sforza had attempted a limited survey of the Bayaka of the Lobaye. He noted that only the Bayaka who happened to be near a village at the time of the census would be counted (1986:26). This same restriction would certainly hold true for the 1990 government census.",bib2327,no +2347-speaker_number-3,2347,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While population figures estimate the Aka population at 30,000 there are good reasons to believe that the language/dialect(s) as a whole is at risk of disappearing. Progressively Aka/Bayaka-speakers are leaving the confines of the forest areas and are settling in the vicinity of smaller settlements in hope of day labour or medical assistance. Often it is exactly due to the effort of 'helping' the forest populations that they are being drawn out of their original environment. Frequently the consequence of these noble efforts is destitution, illness and the loss of their language in favour of Sango, in the Central African Republic and Lingala in the Congo.",bib7640,yes +2347-speakers-3,2347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While population figures estimate the Aka population at 30,000 there are good reasons to believe that the language/dialect(s) as a whole is at risk of disappearing. Progressively Aka/Bayaka-speakers are leaving the confines of the forest areas and are settling in the vicinity of smaller settlements in hope of day labour or medical assistance. Often it is exactly due to the effort of 'helping' the forest populations that they are being drawn out of their original environment. Frequently the consequence of these noble efforts is destitution, illness and the loss of their language in favour of Sango, in the Central African Republic and Lingala in the Congo.",bib7640,yes 2347-speaker_number-4,2347,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2347-speakers-4,2347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2347-LEI-1,2347,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2314,no -2347-vitality-1,2347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2314,no -2347-LEI-2,2347,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -2347-vitality-2,2347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +2347-LEI-1,2347,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2327,no +2347-vitality-1,2347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2327,no +2347-LEI-2,2347,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +2347-vitality-2,2347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 2347-LEI-3,2347,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2347-vitality-3,2347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2365-context-1,2365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2365-location-1,2365,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Alygdzher, Nerkha and Verkhnyaya Gutara in Nizhneudinsk County in Irkutsk Province in the Russian Federation, to the\nsouth of the city of Nizhneudinsk.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2365-location-1,2365,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Alygdzher, Nerkha and Verkhnyaya Gutara in Nizhneudinsk County in Irkutsk Province in the Russian Federation, to the\nsouth of the city of Nizhneudinsk.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2365-location-2,2365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.75, 98.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2365-location-3,2365,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2365-location-4,2365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7324, 98.2589]]}",,,bib5307,no +2365-location-4,2365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7324, 98.2589]]}",,,bib5330,no 2365-location-5,2365,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Upper Mana and Kan rivers in the district of Krasnoyarsk, Southern Siberia.""}",,,bib213,no -2365-speaker_number-1,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,yes -2365-speakers-1,2365,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~40""}",,,bib6474,yes +2365-speaker_number-1,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,yes +2365-speakers-1,2365,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~40""}",,,bib6498,yes 2365-speaker_number-2,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,28 (2001). Ethnic population: 730 (1989 census).,bib67,no 2365-speakers-2,2365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""730"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,28 (2001). Ethnic population: 730 (1989 census).,bib67,no -2365-speaker_number-3,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2365-speakers-3,2365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2365-speaker_number-3,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2365-speakers-3,2365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2365-speaker_number-4,2365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2365-speakers-4,2365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2365-speaker_number-5,2365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1989 43%% of the ethnic population of 731, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 310.",bib213,no 2365-speakers-5,2365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""731"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1989 43%% of the ethnic population of 731, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 310.",bib213,no -2365-LEI-1,2365,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6474,yes -2365-transmission-1,2365,transmission,5,transmission-5,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6474,yes -2365-vitality-1,2365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6474,yes +2365-LEI-1,2365,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6498,yes +2365-transmission-1,2365,transmission,5,transmission-5,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6498,yes +2365-vitality-1,2365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All known fluent speakers are above forty years of age,bib6498,yes 2365-LEI-2,2365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2365-vitality-2,2365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2365-LEI-3,2365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2365-vitality-3,2365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2365-LEI-3,2365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2365-vitality-3,2365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2365-LEI-4,2365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2365-vitality-4,2365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2365-LEI-5,2365,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2365-transmission-5,2365,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib213,no 2365-vitality-5,2365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib213,no 2366-context-1,2366,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hebrew was the language used in scripture and is still used in religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew; Crimean Tartar; Russian ; Lithuanian ; Ukrainian""}",,,bib213,no -2366-location-1,2366,location,"{""Places"": [""Crimea, Poland, Lithuania""]}",,,bib6474,yes +2366-location-1,2366,location,"{""Places"": [""Crimea, Poland, Lithuania""]}",,,bib6498,yes 2366-location-2,2366,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.6666666667, 24.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2366-location-3,2366,location,"{""Places"": [""Lithuania"", ""Ukraine""]}",,,bib67,no -2366-location-4,2366,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.7538, 25.3351]]}",,,bib5307,no +2366-location-4,2366,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.7538, 25.3351]]}",,,bib5330,no 2366-location-5,2366,location,"{""Description"": ""Karaim speakers are dispersed in the Caucasus, Moscow and St. Petersburg.""}",,,bib213,no -2366-speaker_number-1,2366,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -2366-speakers-1,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2366-speaker_number-1,2366,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +2366-speakers-1,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2366-speaker_number-2,2366,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,010 in Ukraine (2006 A. Goraianov). 1,000 in Crimea; 12 Lutzk-Halych in Western Ukraine. Population total all countries: 1,130. Ethnic population: 5,000 in Lithuania",bib67,no 2366-speakers-2,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,010 in Ukraine (2006 A. Goraianov). 1,000 in Crimea; 12 Lutzk-Halych in Western Ukraine. Population total all countries: 1,130. Ethnic population: 5,000 in Lithuania",bib67,no -2366-speaker_number-3,2366,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2366-speakers-3,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2366-speaker_number-3,2366,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2366-speakers-3,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2366-speaker_number-4,2366,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2366-speakers-4,2366,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2366-speakers-5,2366,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,341"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979""}",,,bib213,no -2366-LEI-1,2366,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2366-transmission-1,2366,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,yes -2366-vitality-1,2366,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +2366-LEI-1,2366,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2366-transmission-1,2366,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,yes +2366-vitality-1,2366,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 2366-LEI-2,2366,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2366-vitality-2,2366,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2366-LEI-3,2366,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2366-vitality-3,2366,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2366-LEI-3,2366,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2366-vitality-3,2366,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2366-LEI-4,2366,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2366-vitality-4,2366,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2366-LEI-5,2366,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Karaim is used when speakers do not want to be understood by other people, and is the language of ritual.",bib213,no @@ -22513,54 +22699,54 @@ number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range 2366-domains_of_use-5,2366,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Karaim is used when speakers do not want to be understood by other people, and is the language of ritual.",bib213,no 2366-vitality-5,2366,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Karaim is used when speakers do not want to be understood by other people, and is the language of ritual.",bib213,no 2367-context-1,2367,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Everyday life, social interactions, schools,social-political terminology""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2367-location-1,2367,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan""]}",,,bib6474,yes +2367-location-1,2367,location,"{""Places"": [""western Daghestan""]}",,,bib6498,yes 2367-location-2,2367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5833333333, 46.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2367-location-3,2367,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2367-location-4,2367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5874, 46.3348]]}",,,bib5307,no +2367-location-4,2367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5874, 46.3348]]}",,,bib5330,no 2367-location-5,2367,location,"{""Description"": ""The Karatas inhabit ten villages in the Akhvakh and Khazavyurt districts of Dagestan. Nine of them lie on the left bank of the Andi-Koisu river: Karata, Rachabalda, Archo, Anchikh, Mashtada, Tshabakoro, Ratsitl and Tokita. The only Karata village located in the Khazavyurt district is Siukh. Their neighbours to the east and north are the Andis, to the west the Avars, and to the south the Akhvakhs and Bagulals.""}",,,bib213,no -2367-speaker_number-1,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -2367-speakers-1,2367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2367-speaker_number-1,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +2367-speakers-1,2367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2367-speaker_number-2,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (1990). Ethnic population: 5,000 (1990 A. Kibrik) or 6,400 (Koryakov 2006)",bib67,no 2367-speakers-2,2367,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (1990). Ethnic population: 5,000 (1990 A. Kibrik) or 6,400 (Koryakov 2006)",bib67,no -2367-speaker_number-3,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2367-speakers-3,2367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,574"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2367-speaker_number-3,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2367-speakers-3,2367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,574"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2367-speaker_number-4,2367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2367-speakers-4,2367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2367-speakers-5,2367,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib213,no -2367-LEI-1,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2367-vitality-1,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6474,yes +2367-LEI-1,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2367-vitality-1,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6498,yes 2367-LEI-2,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2367-vitality-2,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2367-LEI-3,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2367-vitality-3,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2367-LEI-3,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2367-vitality-3,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2367-LEI-4,2367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2367-vitality-4,2367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2367-LEI-5,2367,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2367-domains_of_use-5,2367,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 2367-vitality-5,2367,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2368-context-1,2368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Finnish""}",,,bib6474,yes +2368-context-1,2368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Finnish""}",,,bib6498,yes 2368-context-2,2368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian [rus], Finnish [fin]""}",,,bib69,no 2368-context-3,2368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian; Finnish""}",,,bib213,no -2368-location-1,2368,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern And Eastern Europe""]}",,,bib6474,yes +2368-location-1,2368,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern And Eastern Europe""]}",,,bib6498,yes 2368-location-2,2368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.0, 32.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2368-location-3,2368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.0284, 33.3215]]}",,,bib5307,no +2368-location-3,2368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.0284, 33.3215]]}",,,bib5330,no 2368-location-4,2368,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kareliya Republic, Murmanskaya Oblast\u2019, and Leningradskaya Oblast\u2019; some in Tverskaya Oblast\u2019, mainly Tolmachi area, Maksatikha and Ves\u2019yegonsk.""}",,,bib69,no 2368-location-5,2368,location,"{""Places"": [""Karelian ASSR, St.Petersburg, Novgorod, Finland""]}",,,bib213,no -2368-speaker_number-1,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -2368-speakers-1,2368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes -2368-speaker_number-2,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2368-speakers-2,2368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2368-speaker_number-1,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +2368-speakers-1,2368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes +2368-speaker_number-2,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2368-speakers-2,2368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2368-speaker_number-3,2368,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 2368-speakers-3,2368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""128,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 2368-speaker_number-4,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"25,600 in Russian Federation (2010 census). Census includes Livvi-Karelian [olo] and Ludian [lud]. Population total all countries: 35,600.",bib69,no 2368-speakers-4,2368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"25,600 in Russian Federation (2010 census). Census includes Livvi-Karelian [olo] and Ludian [lud]. Population total all countries: 35,600.",bib69,no 2368-speaker_number-5,2368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 2368-speakers-5,2368,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""76,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no -2368-LEI-1,2368,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2368-transmission-1,2368,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,yes -2368-vitality-1,2368,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes -2368-LEI-2,2368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2368-vitality-2,2368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2368-LEI-1,2368,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2368-transmission-1,2368,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,yes +2368-vitality-1,2368,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes +2368-LEI-2,2368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2368-vitality-2,2368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2368-LEI-3,2368,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2368-vitality-3,2368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2368-LEI-4,2368,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many children learn the language but most if not all become more fluent in Russian [rus] and largely stop using the language later in life (Salminen 2007).,bib69,no @@ -22570,602 +22756,602 @@ number of speakers of this particular sub-dialect under research may well range 2368-transmission-5,2368,transmission,3,transmission-3,"According to some estimates, 90 %% of children under the age of 10 regard Russian as their mother tongue. The Karelians make up only 10 %% of the population in the Karelian ASSR and only about half of the Karelians in Karelia still consider Karelian to be their native tongue. ",bib213,no 2368-speaker_number_trends-5,2368,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"According to some estimates, 90 %% of children under the age of 10 regard Russian as their mother tongue. The Karelians make up only 10 %% of the population in the Karelian ASSR and only about half of the Karelians in Karelia still consider Karelian to be their native tongue. ",bib213,no 2368-vitality-5,2368,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"According to some estimates, 90 %% of children under the age of 10 regard Russian as their mother tongue. The Karelians make up only 10 %% of the population in the Karelian ASSR and only about half of the Karelians in Karelia still consider Karelian to be their native tongue. ",bib213,no -2369-context-2,2369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -2369-location-1,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[68.3217, -133.532], [71.2725, -156.7749], [66.8972, -162.5855], [64.5433, -163.029], [64.9728, -168.0616], [65.755, -168.9167]]}",,,bib5307,no -2369-location-2,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska and Northeastern Canada""}",,,bib2984,no -2369-location-3,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,yes -2369-location-4,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib1574,no -2369-speaker_number-1,2369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population total all languages: 5,580 (2013).",bib2984,no -2369-speakers-1,2369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population total all languages: 5,580 (2013).",bib2984,no -2369-speaker_number-2,2369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-speakers-2,2369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-speaker_number-3,2369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"2,144 Alaska, 24,500 Canada. Population: 15,700 Alaska, 30,500 Canada. (Also 47,000 speakers and population in Greenland.)",bib1574,no -2369-speakers-3,2369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,644"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"2,144 Alaska, 24,500 Canada. Population: 15,700 Alaska, 30,500 Canada. (Also 47,000 speakers and population in Greenland.)",bib1574,no -2369-LEI-1,2369,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2369-transmission-1,2369,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2984,no -2369-vitality-1,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no -2369-LEI-2,2369,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-transmission-2,2369,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-speaker_number_trends-2,2369,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-vitality-2,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2369-LEI-3,2369,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,no -2369-transmission-3,2369,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1574,no -2369-vitality-3,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1574,no -2370-location-1,2370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2159, 148.1986]]}",,,bib5307,no -2370-location-2,2370,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Province. Spoken on Nauna Island, east of Manus Island in the Admiralty Islands.""}",,,bib7937,no +2369-context-2,2369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +2369-location-1,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[68.3217, -133.532], [71.2725, -156.7749], [66.8972, -162.5855], [64.5433, -163.029], [64.9728, -168.0616], [65.755, -168.9167]]}",,,bib5330,no +2369-location-2,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska and Northeastern Canada""}",,,bib2998,no +2369-location-3,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,yes +2369-location-4,2369,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib1586,no +2369-speaker_number-1,2369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population total all languages: 5,580 (2013).",bib2998,no +2369-speakers-1,2369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population total all languages: 5,580 (2013).",bib2998,no +2369-speaker_number-2,2369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-speakers-2,2369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-speaker_number-3,2369,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"2,144 Alaska, 24,500 Canada. Population: 15,700 Alaska, 30,500 Canada. (Also 47,000 speakers and population in Greenland.)",bib1586,no +2369-speakers-3,2369,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,644"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"2,144 Alaska, 24,500 Canada. Population: 15,700 Alaska, 30,500 Canada. (Also 47,000 speakers and population in Greenland.)",bib1586,no +2369-LEI-1,2369,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2369-transmission-1,2369,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2998,no +2369-vitality-1,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no +2369-LEI-2,2369,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-transmission-2,2369,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-speaker_number_trends-2,2369,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-vitality-2,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are about 13,500 Inupiat (the plural form, referring to the people collectively) in Alaska, of whom about 3,000, mostly over age 40, speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2369-LEI-3,2369,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,no +2369-transmission-3,2369,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1586,no +2369-vitality-3,2369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1586,no +2370-location-1,2370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2159, 148.1986]]}",,,bib5330,no +2370-location-2,2370,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Province. Spoken on Nauna Island, east of Manus Island in the Admiralty Islands.""}",,,bib7962,no 2370-location-3,2370,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2370-speaker_number-1,2370,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2370-speakers-1,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2370-speaker_number-2,2370,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1977, 130 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7937,no -2370-speakers-2,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1977, 130 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7937,no +2370-speaker_number-1,2370,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2370-speakers-1,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2370-speaker_number-2,2370,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1977, 130 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7962,no +2370-speakers-2,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1977, 130 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7962,no 2370-speaker_number-3,2370,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2370-speakers-3,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2370-speaker_number-4,2370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2370-speakers-4,2370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,100 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2370-LEI-1,2370,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2370-vitality-1,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2370-LEI-2,2370,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Titan language spoken on an island to the west of Nauna Island, and there is pressure on the Nauna language from the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands.",bib7937,no -2370-vitality-2,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Titan language spoken on an island to the west of Nauna Island, and there is pressure on the Nauna language from the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands.",bib7937,no +2370-LEI-1,2370,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2370-vitality-1,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2370-LEI-2,2370,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Titan language spoken on an island to the west of Nauna Island, and there is pressure on the Nauna language from the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands.",bib7962,no +2370-vitality-2,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the large Titan language spoken on an island to the west of Nauna Island, and there is pressure on the Nauna language from the creolized Tok Pisin of the Admiralty Islands.",bib7962,no 2370-LEI-3,2370,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2370-vitality-3,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2370-LEI-4,2370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2370-vitality-4,2370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2371-context-1,2371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -2371-context-2,2371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1574,no -2371-location-1,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""West-central Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Shageluk; Anvik; Holy Cross (lower Yukon River)""}",,,bib2984,no +2371-context-2,2371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1586,no +2371-location-1,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""West-central Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Shageluk; Anvik; Holy Cross (lower Yukon River)""}",,,bib2998,no 2371-location-2,2371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.0, -160.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2371-location-3,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib67,no 2371-location-4,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Anvik, Athapaskans, and Shageluk at Holy Cross, below Grayling on the Yukon River.",bib70,no -2371-location-5,2371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.1655, -156.3134]]}",,,bib5307,no -2371-location-6,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1574,no -2371-location-7,2371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.1655, -156.3134]]}",,,bib1709,no -2371-speaker_number-1,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -2371-speakers-1,2371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no +2371-location-5,2371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.1655, -156.3134]]}",,,bib5330,no +2371-location-6,2371,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1586,no +2371-location-7,2371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.1655, -156.3134]]}",,,bib1721,no +2371-speaker_number-1,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +2371-speakers-1,2371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no 2371-speaker_number-2,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"25 (1997 S. Hargus), decreasing. Ethnic population: 250 to 300 (Krauss 1997); 19 (2000 census).",bib67,no 2371-speakers-2,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19-25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"25 (1997 S. Hargus), decreasing. Ethnic population: 250 to 300 (Krauss 1997); 19 (2000 census).",bib67,no 2371-speaker_number-3,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Information from Golla 2007).,bib70,no 2371-speakers-3,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Information from Golla 2007).,bib70,no -2371-speaker_number-4,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2371-speakers-4,2371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2371-speaker_number-5,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of a total population of about 275, about 40 speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2371-speakers-5,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of a total population of about 275, about 40 speak the language.",bib5217,yes -2371-speaker_number-6,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1574,no -2371-speakers-6,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1574,no +2371-speaker_number-4,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2371-speakers-4,2371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2371-speaker_number-5,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of a total population of about 275, about 40 speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2371-speakers-5,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of a total population of about 275, about 40 speak the language.",bib5240,yes +2371-speaker_number-6,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1586,no +2371-speakers-6,2371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1586,no 2371-speaker_number-7,2371,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2371-speakers-7,2371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2371-LEI-1,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2371-vitality-1,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +2371-LEI-1,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2371-vitality-1,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 2371-LEI-2,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 2371-vitality-2,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no 2371-LEI-3,2371,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2371-transmission-3,2371,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 2371-speaker_number_trends-3,2371,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2371-vitality-3,2371,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2371-LEI-4,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2371-vitality-4,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2371-LEI-5,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2371-vitality-5,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -2371-LEI-6,2371,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,no -2371-transmission-6,2371,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,no -2371-domains_of_use-6,2371,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1574,no -2371-speaker_number_trends-6,2371,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,no -2371-vitality-6,2371,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1574,no +2371-LEI-4,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2371-vitality-4,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2371-LEI-5,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2371-vitality-5,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +2371-LEI-6,2371,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,no +2371-transmission-6,2371,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,no +2371-domains_of_use-6,2371,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1586,no +2371-speaker_number_trends-6,2371,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,no +2371-vitality-6,2371,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1586,no 2371-LEI-7,2371,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2371-vitality-7,2371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2372-location-1,2372,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.5177, 147.2991]]}",,,bib5307,no -2372-location-2,2372,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in one village on the southern coast of the Huon Peninsula, east of Lae.""}",,,bib7937,no +2372-location-1,2372,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.5177, 147.2991]]}",,,bib5330,no +2372-location-2,2372,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in one village on the southern coast of the Huon Peninsula, east of Lae.""}",,,bib7962,no 2372-location-3,2372,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2372-speaker_number-1,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2372-speakers-1,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2372-speaker_number-2,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1978, 270 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200 speakers.",bib7937,no -2372-speakers-2,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1978, 270 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200 speakers.",bib7937,no +2372-speaker_number-1,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2372-speakers-1,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2372-speaker_number-2,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1978, 270 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200 speakers.",bib7962,no +2372-speakers-2,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1978, 270 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200 speakers.",bib7962,no 2372-speaker_number-3,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2372-speakers-3,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2372-speaker_number-4,2372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978).,bib67,yes 2372-speakers-4,2372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978).,bib67,yes -2372-LEI-1,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2372-vitality-1,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2372-LEI-2,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Bugawac (Bukawac) language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2372-vitality-2,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Bugawac (Bukawac) language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2372-LEI-1,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2372-vitality-1,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2372-LEI-2,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Bugawac (Bukawac) language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2372-vitality-2,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Bugawac (Bukawac) language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2372-LEI-3,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2372-vitality-3,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2372-LEI-4,2372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2372-vitality-4,2372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2373-location-1,2373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.2973, 149.1613]]}",,,bib5307,no -2373-location-2,2373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Oro Province. Spoken less than 10km inland from the east coast of Collingwood Bay, inland from Wanigela settlement, in Naukwata and Koreat.""}",,,bib7937,no +2373-location-1,2373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.2973, 149.1613]]}",,,bib5330,no +2373-location-2,2373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Oro Province. Spoken less than 10km inland from the east coast of Collingwood Bay, inland from Wanigela settlement, in Naukwata and Koreat.""}",,,bib7962,no 2373-location-3,2373,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2373-speaker_number-1,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2373-speakers-1,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2373-speaker_number-2,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 160 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention a similar figure.",bib7937,no -2373-speakers-2,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 160 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention a similar figure.",bib7937,no +2373-speaker_number-1,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2373-speakers-1,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2373-speaker_number-2,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 160 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention a similar figure.",bib7962,no +2373-speakers-2,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 160 speakers were reported. Recent estimates mention a similar figure.",bib7962,no 2373-speaker_number-3,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2373-speakers-3,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2373-speaker_number-4,2373,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2373-speakers-4,2373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2373-LEI-1,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2373-vitality-1,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2373-LEI-2,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Ubir, English and Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2373-vitality-2,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from Ubir, English and Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2373-LEI-1,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2373-vitality-1,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2373-LEI-2,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from Ubir, English and Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2373-vitality-2,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from Ubir, English and Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2373-LEI-3,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2373-vitality-3,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2373-LEI-4,2373,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2373-vitality-4,2373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2374-context-1,2374,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Tribal schools taught in Hopi; classes taught at Northern Arizona University""}",,,bib2984,no +2374-context-1,2374,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Tribal schools taught in Hopi; classes taught at Northern Arizona University""}",,,bib2998,no 2374-location-1,2374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, -110.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2374-location-2,2374,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Arizona, several villages""}",,,bib67,no 2374-location-3,2374,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Arizona""]}",,Arizona: several villages northeast Arizona; New Mexico; Utah.,bib70,no -2374-location-4,2374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8721, -110.6205]]}",,,bib5307,no -2374-location-5,2374,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Four dialects are usually distinguished: (1) the First Mesa villages of Walpi and Sichomovi (the language of a third First Mesa village, Hano, is Tewa) and the town of Polacca; (2) the Second Mesa village of Shipaulovi; (3) the Second Mesa village of Mishongnovi (also called Toreva); and (4) the Third Mesa villages of Oraibi, Hotevilla, Bacabi, and New Oraibi, as well as the settlement of Moencopi 40 miles to the west.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2374-location-6,2374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8721, -110.6205]]}",,,bib1709,no -2374-speaker_number-1,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2984,no -2374-speakers-1,2374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2984,no +2374-location-4,2374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8721, -110.6205]]}",,,bib5330,no +2374-location-5,2374,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Four dialects are usually distinguished: (1) the First Mesa villages of Walpi and Sichomovi (the language of a third First Mesa village, Hano, is Tewa) and the town of Polacca; (2) the Second Mesa village of Shipaulovi; (3) the Second Mesa village of Mishongnovi (also called Toreva); and (4) the Third Mesa villages of Oraibi, Hotevilla, Bacabi, and New Oraibi, as well as the settlement of Moencopi 40 miles to the west.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2374-location-6,2374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8721, -110.6205]]}",,,bib1721,no +2374-speaker_number-1,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2998,no +2374-speakers-1,2374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2998,no 2374-speaker_number-2,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5260, decreasing. 40 monolinguals.",bib67,no 2374-speakers-2,2374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5260, decreasing. 40 monolinguals.",bib67,no 2374-speaker_number-3,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6780 (2010 census), decreasing. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 7350 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 2374-speakers-3,2374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6780 (2010 census), decreasing. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 7350 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -2374-speaker_number-4,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2374-speakers-4,2374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2374-speaker_number-5,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5217,yes -2374-speakers-5,2374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000+"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5217,yes +2374-speaker_number-4,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2374-speakers-4,2374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2374-speaker_number-5,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5240,yes +2374-speakers-5,2374,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000+"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5240,yes 2374-speaker_number-6,2374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2374-speakers-6,2374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,264"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2374-LEI-1,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2374-vitality-1,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +2374-LEI-1,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2374-vitality-1,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 2374-LEI-2,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 2374-vitality-2,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no 2374-LEI-3,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages. Young prefer English.,bib70,no 2374-vitality-3,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All ages. Young prefer English.,bib70,no -2374-LEI-4,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2374-vitality-4,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2374-LEI-5,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2374-vitality-5,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +2374-LEI-4,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2374-vitality-4,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2374-LEI-5,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2374-vitality-5,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 2374-LEI-6,2374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2374-vitality-6,2374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2375-context-1,2375,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng]""}",,,bib69,no -2375-location-1,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska: Grayling, lower Yukon River. Group of speakers used to live \""at Holikachuk on the Innoko River\"" (Golla 2007:50).""}",,,bib2984,no -2375-location-2,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.2254, -155.3027]]}",,,bib5307,no -2375-location-3,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska: \""now-abandoned village of Holikachuk on the Innoko River in interior Alaska\""""}",,,bib6993,yes -2375-location-4,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska""]}",,,bib5217,no -2375-location-5,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.2254, -155.3027]]}",,,bib1709,no +2375-location-1,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska: Grayling, lower Yukon River. Group of speakers used to live \""at Holikachuk on the Innoko River\"" (Golla 2007:50).""}",,,bib2998,no +2375-location-2,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.2254, -155.3027]]}",,,bib5330,no +2375-location-3,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska: \""now-abandoned village of Holikachuk on the Innoko River in interior Alaska\""""}",,,bib7017,yes +2375-location-4,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska""]}",,,bib5240,no +2375-location-5,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.2254, -155.3027]]}",,,bib1721,no 2375-location-6,2375,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, lower Yukon river, Grayling village.""}",,,bib69,no -2375-speaker_number-1,2375,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2375-speakers-1,2375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no -2375-speaker_number-2,2375,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2375-speakers-2,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2375-speakers-3,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""probably a few""}",,"The world and the Holikachuk Athabascan language suffered a great loss with the passing of Wilson 'Tiny' Deacon on March 10, 2012. He was 86. According to Julie Raymond-Yakoubian, of the University of Alaska-Fairbanks, he was the last fluent speaker of his language.",bib6993,yes -2375-speakers-4,2375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7""}",,"Holikachuk is intermediate between Ingalik and Koyukon, and was only identified as a separate language in the 1970s.",bib5217,no -2375-speaker_number-5,2375,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1709,no -2375-speakers-5,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1709,no +2375-speaker_number-1,2375,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2375-speakers-1,2375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no +2375-speaker_number-2,2375,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2375-speakers-2,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2375-speakers-3,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""probably a few""}",,"The world and the Holikachuk Athabascan language suffered a great loss with the passing of Wilson 'Tiny' Deacon on March 10, 2012. He was 86. According to Julie Raymond-Yakoubian, of the University of Alaska-Fairbanks, he was the last fluent speaker of his language.",bib7017,yes +2375-speakers-4,2375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6-7""}",,"Holikachuk is intermediate between Ingalik and Koyukon, and was only identified as a separate language in the 1970s.",bib5240,no +2375-speaker_number-5,2375,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1721,no +2375-speakers-5,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1721,no 2375-speaker_number-6,2375,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2375-speakers-6,2375,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2375-speaker_number-7,2375,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Golla 2007). (Unchanged 2016.),bib69,no 2375-speakers-7,2375,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Golla 2007). (Unchanged 2016.),bib69,no -2375-LEI-1,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2375-transmission-1,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -2375-vitality-1,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no -2375-LEI-2,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults only.,bib5307,no -2375-transmission-2,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults only.,bib5307,no -2375-vitality-2,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults only.,bib5307,no -2375-LEI-3,2375,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6993,yes -2375-vitality-3,2375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6993,yes -2375-LEI-4,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2375-transmission-4,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -2375-speaker_number_trends-4,2375,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2375-vitality-4,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no -2375-LEI-5,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -2375-transmission-5,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1709,no -2375-speaker_number_trends-5,2375,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1709,no -2375-vitality-5,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1709,no +2375-LEI-1,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2375-transmission-1,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +2375-vitality-1,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no +2375-LEI-2,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults only.,bib5330,no +2375-transmission-2,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults only.,bib5330,no +2375-vitality-2,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults only.,bib5330,no +2375-LEI-3,2375,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7017,yes +2375-vitality-3,2375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7017,yes +2375-LEI-4,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2375-transmission-4,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +2375-speaker_number_trends-4,2375,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2375-vitality-4,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no +2375-LEI-5,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +2375-transmission-5,2375,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1721,no +2375-speaker_number_trends-5,2375,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1721,no +2375-vitality-5,2375,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1721,no 2375-LEI-6,2375,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2375-vitality-6,2375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2375-LEI-7,2375,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2375-vitality-7,2375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 2376-context-1,2376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2376-context-2,2376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5765,yes -2376-location-1,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota""}",,,bib2984,no +2376-context-2,2376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5789,yes +2376-location-1,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota""}",,,bib2998,no 2376-location-2,2376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.0, -102.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2376-location-3,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Fort Berthold Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no 2376-location-4,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: North Dakota""]}",,North Dakota: Fort Berthold Reservation.,bib70,no -2376-location-5,2376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.7321, -102.6758]]}",,,bib5307,no -2376-location-6,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Fort Berthold Reservation.""}",,,bib5217,no -2376-location-7,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.7321, -102.6758]]}",,,bib1709,no -2376-location-8,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.""}",,,bib5765,yes -2376-speaker_number-1,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2376-speakers-1,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +2376-location-5,2376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.7321, -102.6758]]}",,,bib5330,no +2376-location-6,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Fort Berthold Reservation.""}",,,bib5240,no +2376-location-7,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.7321, -102.6758]]}",,,bib1721,no +2376-location-8,2376,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.""}",,,bib5789,yes +2376-speaker_number-1,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2376-speakers-1,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 2376-speaker_number-2,2376,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"100 (1986 SIL), decreasing. 6 monolinguals. 25 to 50 semifluent speakers. Ethnic population: 1200 (1986 SIL); 603 (2000 US census).",bib67,no 2376-speakers-2,2376,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1200 (1986), 603 (2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986 speakers, 2000 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"100 (1986 SIL), decreasing. 6 monolinguals. 25 to 50 semifluent speakers. Ethnic population: 1200 (1986 SIL); 603 (2000 US census).",bib67,no 2376-speaker_number-3,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (Golla 2007). 25–50 semifluent speakers. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 600 (2000 census).,bib70,no 2376-speakers-3,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""25\u201350""}",,200 (Golla 2007). 25–50 semifluent speakers. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 600 (2000 census).,bib70,no -2376-speaker_number-4,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2376-speakers-4,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2376-speaker_number-5,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The the youngest speakers are in their late 20s.,bib5217,no -2376-speakers-5,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The the youngest speakers are in their late 20s.,bib5217,no +2376-speaker_number-4,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2376-speakers-4,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2376-speaker_number-5,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The the youngest speakers are in their late 20s.,bib5240,no +2376-speakers-5,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The the youngest speakers are in their late 20s.,bib5240,no 2376-speaker_number-6,2376,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2376-speakers-6,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2376-speaker_number-7,2376,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by approximately 100 people on the Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.,bib5765,yes -2376-speakers-7,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by approximately 100 people on the Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.,bib5765,yes -2376-LEI-1,2376,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2376-transmission-1,2376,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2984,no -2376-vitality-1,2376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +2376-speaker_number-7,2376,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by approximately 100 people on the Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.,bib5789,yes +2376-speakers-7,2376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by approximately 100 people on the Forth Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota.,bib5789,yes +2376-LEI-1,2376,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2376-transmission-1,2376,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2998,no +2376-vitality-1,2376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 2376-LEI-2,2376,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 2376-vitality-2,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no 2376-LEI-3,2376,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 30 and older. No children are L1 speakers but a few have passive knowledge,bib70,no 2376-transmission-3,2376,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 30 and older. No children are L1 speakers but a few have passive knowledge,bib70,no 2376-speaker_number_trends-3,2376,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 30 and older. No children are L1 speakers but a few have passive knowledge,bib70,no 2376-vitality-3,2376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 30 and older. No children are L1 speakers but a few have passive knowledge,bib70,no -2376-LEI-4,2376,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2376-vitality-4,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2376-LEI-5,2376,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2376-vitality-5,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +2376-LEI-4,2376,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2376-vitality-4,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2376-LEI-5,2376,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2376-vitality-5,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 2376-LEI-6,2376,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2376-vitality-6,2376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2376-LEI-7,2376,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5765,yes -2376-transmission-7,2376,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5765,yes -2376-speaker_number_trends-7,2376,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5765,yes -2376-vitality-7,2376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5765,yes -2377-context-1,2377,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Program at Simon Fraser University""}",,,bib2984,no +2376-LEI-7,2376,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5789,yes +2376-transmission-7,2376,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5789,yes +2376-speaker_number_trends-7,2376,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5789,yes +2376-vitality-7,2376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5789,yes +2377-context-1,2377,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Program at Simon Fraser University""}",,,bib2998,no 2377-context-2,2377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Local teaching program in Bella Bella. Dictionary.""}",,,bib70,no -2377-context-3,2377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -2377-context-4,2377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +2377-context-3,2377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +2377-context-4,2377,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 2377-location-1,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.12, -127.8]]}",,,bib73,yes -2377-location-2,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +2377-location-2,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 2377-location-3,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.0, -127.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2377-location-4,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia coast, Bella Bella and Kitasoo villages, Rivers Inlet area.""}",,,bib70,no -2377-location-5,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.1591, -128.1546]]}",,,bib5307,no -2377-location-6,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,Four different localities,bib3658,no -2377-location-7,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""On the coast of British Columbia south of Haisla and Coast Tsimshianic and north of Kwakiutl.""}",,,bib5217,no -2377-location-8,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,British Columbia: Heiltsuk Nation (Bella Bella).,bib2541,no +2377-location-5,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.1591, -128.1546]]}",,,bib5330,no +2377-location-6,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,Four different localities,bib3677,no +2377-location-7,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""On the coast of British Columbia south of Haisla and Coast Tsimshianic and north of Kwakiutl.""}",,,bib5240,no +2377-location-8,2377,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,British Columbia: Heiltsuk Nation (Bella Bella).,bib2554,no 2377-speaker_number-1,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/hailhzaqvla,bib73,yes 2377-speakers-1,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,245"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""45"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""247""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/hailhzaqvla,bib73,yes -2377-speaker_number-2,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2377-speakers-2,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +2377-speaker_number-2,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2377-speakers-2,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 2377-speaker_number-3,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib70,no 2377-speakers-3,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,530"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50""}",,,bib70,no -2377-speaker_number-4,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -2377-speakers-4,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26 fluent and 61 semi-speakers. 286 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""61"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""286""}",,,bib2905,no -2377-speaker_number-5,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2377-speakers-5,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2377-speaker_number-6,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -2377-speakers-6,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""170""}",,,bib1282,no -2377-speaker_number-7,2377,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Number of speakers for Oowekyala.,bib3658,no -2377-speakers-7,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,Number of speakers for Oowekyala.,bib3658,no -2377-speaker_number-8,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5217,no -2377-speakers-8,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1570"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5217,no +2377-speaker_number-4,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +2377-speakers-4,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26 fluent and 61 semi-speakers. 286 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""61"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""286""}",,,bib2919,no +2377-speaker_number-5,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2377-speakers-5,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2377-speaker_number-6,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +2377-speakers-6,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""170""}",,,bib1291,no +2377-speaker_number-7,2377,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Number of speakers for Oowekyala.,bib3677,no +2377-speakers-7,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,Number of speakers for Oowekyala.,bib3677,no +2377-speaker_number-8,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5240,no +2377-speakers-8,2377,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1570"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5240,no 2377-speaker_number-9,2377,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2377-speakers-9,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2377-speaker_number-10,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2541,no -2377-speakers-10,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""45""}",,,bib2541,no +2377-speaker_number-10,2377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2554,no +2377-speakers-10,2377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""45""}",,,bib2554,no 2377-LEI-1,2377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 2377-vitality-1,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes -2377-LEI-2,2377,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2377-transmission-2,2377,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2984,no -2377-vitality-2,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no +2377-LEI-2,2377,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2377-transmission-2,2377,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib2998,no +2377-vitality-2,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no 2377-LEI-3,2377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 25 and older. Also use English.,bib70,no 2377-vitality-3,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers 25 and older. Also use English.,bib70,no -2377-LEI-4,2377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2377-vitality-4,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2377-LEI-5,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1282,no -2377-transmission-5,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1282,no -2377-speaker_number_trends-5,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1282,no -2377-vitality-5,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1282,no -2377-LEI-6,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3658,no -2377-transmission-6,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3658,no -2377-speaker_number_trends-6,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3658,no -2377-vitality-6,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3658,no -2377-LEI-7,2377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5217,no -2377-vitality-7,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5217,no +2377-LEI-4,2377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2377-vitality-4,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2377-LEI-5,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1291,no +2377-transmission-5,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1291,no +2377-speaker_number_trends-5,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1291,no +2377-vitality-5,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.2% fluent speakers, 5.1% semispeakers, 10.1% learners",bib1291,no +2377-LEI-6,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3677,no +2377-transmission-6,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3677,no +2377-speaker_number_trends-6,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3677,no +2377-vitality-6,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The geographic separation between them is such that they are unable to sustain their language through regular interaction.,bib3677,no +2377-LEI-7,2377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5240,no +2377-vitality-7,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"No speakers ""under the age of 35.""",bib5240,no 2377-LEI-8,2377,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2377-vitality-8,2377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2377-LEI-9,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2541,no -2377-transmission-9,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2541,no -2377-speaker_number_trends-9,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2541,no -2377-vitality-9,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2541,no +2377-LEI-9,2377,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2554,no +2377-transmission-9,2377,transmission,5,transmission-5,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2554,no +2377-speaker_number_trends-9,2377,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2554,no +2377-vitality-9,2377,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"2.7% fluent speakers, 2% semispeakers, 11% learners.",bib2554,no 2379-context-2,2379,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar. Language courses.""}",,Language preservation activities in all dialects.,bib70,no 2379-location-1,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Canada"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.19, -123.0]]}",,,bib73,yes -2379-location-2,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southwestern British Columbia in a number of small communities along the lower Fraser River and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib2984,no +2379-location-2,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in southwestern British Columbia in a number of small communities along the lower Fraser River and on the east coast of Vancouver Island.""}",,,bib2998,no 2379-location-3,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.1666666667, -123.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2379-location-4,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southwest British Columbia, in many small communities along the lower Fraser river, the east coast of Vancouver Island. In US, Washington state.""}",,,bib70,no -2379-location-5,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.7715, -123.6678]]}",,,bib5307,no -2379-location-6,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,no -2379-location-7,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.7715, -123.6678]]}",,,bib1709,no +2379-location-5,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.7715, -123.6678]]}",,,bib5330,no +2379-location-6,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,no +2379-location-7,2379,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[48.7715, -123.6678]]}",,,bib1721,no 2379-speaker_number-1,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"http://maps.fphlcc.ca/halkomelem (263 speakers, 992 semispeakers in British Columbia [2014].)",bib73,yes 2379-speakers-1,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,686"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3051""}",,"http://maps.fphlcc.ca/halkomelem (263 speakers, 992 semispeakers in British Columbia [2014].)",bib73,yes -2379-speaker_number-2,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2379-speakers-2,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""10-20""}",,,bib2984,no +2379-speaker_number-2,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2379-speakers-2,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""10-20""}",,,bib2998,no 2379-speaker_number-3,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,260 in Canada. 25 in United States.,bib70,no 2379-speakers-3,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""285"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""990""}",,260 in Canada. 25 in United States.,bib70,no -2379-speaker_number-4,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2379-speakers-4,2379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2379-speaker_number-5,2379,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -2379-speakers-5,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,235"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""766""}",,,bib1282,no -2379-speaker_number-6,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"6,700, of whom about 120 speak the language with some degree of fluency, and another 100 are passive speakers.",bib5217,no -2379-speakers-6,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100?""}",,"6,700, of whom about 120 speak the language with some degree of fluency, and another 100 are passive speakers.",bib5217,no +2379-speaker_number-4,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2379-speakers-4,2379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2379-speaker_number-5,2379,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +2379-speakers-5,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,235"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""766""}",,,bib1291,no +2379-speaker_number-6,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"6,700, of whom about 120 speak the language with some degree of fluency, and another 100 are passive speakers.",bib5240,no +2379-speakers-6,2379,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100?""}",,"6,700, of whom about 120 speak the language with some degree of fluency, and another 100 are passive speakers.",bib5240,no 2379-speaker_number-7,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2379-speakers-7,2379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2379-speaker_number-8,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -2379-speakers-8,2379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105 fluent and 512 semi-speakers. 1,901 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""512"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,901""}",,,bib2905,no +2379-speaker_number-8,2379,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +2379-speakers-8,2379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105 fluent and 512 semi-speakers. 1,901 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""512"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,901""}",,,bib2919,no 2379-LEI-1,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 2379-vitality-1,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes -2379-LEI-2,2379,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2984,no -2379-transmission-2,2379,transmission,5,transmission-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2984,no -2379-domains_of_use-2,2379,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2984,no -2379-speaker_number_trends-2,2379,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2984,no -2379-vitality-2,2379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2984,no +2379-LEI-2,2379,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2998,no +2379-transmission-2,2379,transmission,5,transmission-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2998,no +2379-domains_of_use-2,2379,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2998,no +2379-speaker_number_trends-2,2379,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2998,no +2379-vitality-2,2379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The principal use of the language is for religious ceremonies and songs.,bib2998,no 2379-LEI-3,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults.,bib70,no 2379-vitality-3,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Older adults.,bib70,no -2379-LEI-4,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2379-vitality-4,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2379-LEI-5,2379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -2379-transmission-5,2379,transmission,3,transmission-3,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -2379-speaker_number_trends-5,2379,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -2379-vitality-5,2379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1282,no -2379-LEI-6,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2379-vitality-6,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +2379-LEI-4,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2379-vitality-4,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2379-LEI-5,2379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +2379-transmission-5,2379,transmission,3,transmission-3,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +2379-speaker_number_trends-5,2379,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +2379-vitality-5,2379,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"0.5% speakers, 4.2% semispeakers, 6.8% active language learners",bib1291,no +2379-LEI-6,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2379-vitality-6,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 2379-LEI-7,2379,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2379-vitality-7,2379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2385-context-1,2385,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Taught at the University of Northern British Columbia""}",,"Haisla has been taught in Kitamaat by the University of Northern British Columbia since 1994, and a small number of people have acquired second-language fluency and literacy.",bib2984,no +2385-context-1,2385,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Taught at the University of Northern British Columbia""}",,"Haisla has been taught in Kitamaat by the University of Northern British Columbia since 1994, and a small number of people have acquired second-language fluency and literacy.",bib2998,no 2385-context-2,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary.""}",,Taught in Kitamaat by University of Northern British Columbia since 1994.,bib70,no -2385-context-3,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no -2385-context-4,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no -2385-context-5,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +2385-context-3,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no +2385-context-4,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no +2385-context-5,2385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 2385-location-1,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[53.62, -128.37]]}",,,bib73,yes -2385-location-2,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern British Columbia immediately adjacent to Coast Tsimshianic.""}",,The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat.,bib2984,no +2385-location-2,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern British Columbia immediately adjacent to Coast Tsimshianic.""}",,The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat.,bib2998,no 2385-location-3,2385,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.0, -128.75]]}",,,bib216,no 2385-location-4,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Central British Columbia coast inlet, Douglas Channel head, near Kitimat.""}",,,bib70,no -2385-location-5,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.9745, -128.6443]]}",,,bib5307,no -2385-location-6,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Haisla Nation (Kitamaat Village); urban areas, especially Kitimat",bib2541,no -2385-location-7,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern British Columbia immediately adjacent to Coast Tsimshianic. The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat.""}",,,bib5217,no +2385-location-5,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.9745, -128.6443]]}",,,bib5330,no +2385-location-6,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: Haisla Nation (Kitamaat Village); urban areas, especially Kitimat",bib2554,no +2385-location-7,2385,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northwestern British Columbia immediately adjacent to Coast Tsimshianic. The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat.""}",,,bib5240,no 2385-speaker_number-1,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib73,yes 2385-speakers-1,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,158"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""66""}",,,bib73,yes -2385-speaker_number-2,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"All speakers are 25 years of age or older. These numbers are for Kitamaat, the largest Haisla community. There may be more people in other locations.",bib2984,no -2385-speakers-2,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"All speakers are 25 years of age or older. These numbers are for Kitamaat, the largest Haisla community. There may be more people in other locations.",bib2984,no +2385-speaker_number-2,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"All speakers are 25 years of age or older. These numbers are for Kitamaat, the largest Haisla community. There may be more people in other locations.",bib2998,no +2385-speakers-2,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"All speakers are 25 years of age or older. These numbers are for Kitamaat, the largest Haisla community. There may be more people in other locations.",bib2998,no 2385-speaker_number-3,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2385-speakers-3,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,680"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014 (FPCC)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""21""}",,,bib70,no -2385-speaker_number-4,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2385-speakers-4,2385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2385-speaker_number-5,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1282,no -2385-speakers-5,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1871"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""89"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1282,no -2385-speaker_number-6,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -2385-speakers-6,2385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""21""}",,,bib2541,no -2385-speaker_number-7,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat, where out of a total population of 600 there are estimated to be between 50 and 150 fluent speakers, none under the age of 25.",bib5217,no -2385-speakers-7,2385,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""None under the age of 25"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat, where out of a total population of 600 there are estimated to be between 50 and 150 fluent speakers, none under the age of 25.",bib5217,no +2385-speaker_number-4,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2385-speakers-4,2385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2385-speaker_number-5,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1291,no +2385-speakers-5,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1871"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""89"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1291,no +2385-speaker_number-6,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +2385-speakers-6,2385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""21""}",,,bib2554,no +2385-speaker_number-7,2385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat, where out of a total population of 600 there are estimated to be between 50 and 150 fluent speakers, none under the age of 25.",bib5240,no +2385-speakers-7,2385,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""None under the age of 25"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The principal Haisla community is Kitamaat, where out of a total population of 600 there are estimated to be between 50 and 150 fluent speakers, none under the age of 25.",bib5240,no 2385-speaker_number-8,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2385-speakers-8,2385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2385-speaker_number-9,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -2385-speakers-9,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,874"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""74 fluent and 0 semi-speakers. 115 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""115""}",,,bib2905,no +2385-speaker_number-9,2385,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +2385-speakers-9,2385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,874"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""74 fluent and 0 semi-speakers. 115 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""115""}",,,bib2919,no 2385-LEI-1,2385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 2385-transmission-1,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib73,yes 2385-speaker_number_trends-1,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 2385-vitality-1,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -2385-LEI-2,2385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2385-transmission-2,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2984,no -2385-speaker_number_trends-2,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -2385-vitality-2,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2984,no +2385-LEI-2,2385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2385-transmission-2,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2998,no +2385-speaker_number_trends-2,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +2385-vitality-2,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2998,no 2385-LEI-3,2385,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 25 or older. Shifting to English.,bib70,no 2385-transmission-3,2385,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers 25 or older. Shifting to English.,bib70,no 2385-vitality-3,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Speakers 25 or older. Shifting to English.,bib70,no -2385-LEI-4,2385,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2385-vitality-4,2385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2385-LEI-5,2385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1282,no -2385-transmission-5,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1282,no -2385-speaker_number_trends-5,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1282,no -2385-vitality-5,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1282,no -2385-LEI-6,2385,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2541,no -2385-transmission-6,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2541,no -2385-speaker_number_trends-6,2385,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2541,no -2385-vitality-6,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2541,no -2385-LEI-7,2385,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2385-transmission-7,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,no -2385-speaker_number_trends-7,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -2385-vitality-7,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +2385-LEI-4,2385,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2385-vitality-4,2385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2385-LEI-5,2385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1291,no +2385-transmission-5,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1291,no +2385-speaker_number_trends-5,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1291,no +2385-vitality-5,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.8% fluent speakers, 0% semispeakers, 6.6% active learners.",bib1291,no +2385-LEI-6,2385,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2554,no +2385-transmission-6,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2554,no +2385-speaker_number_trends-6,2385,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2554,no +2385-vitality-6,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,14.4% fluent speakers; 1.3% semi-speakers; 4.8% learners.,bib2554,no +2385-LEI-7,2385,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2385-transmission-7,2385,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,no +2385-speaker_number_trends-7,2385,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +2385-vitality-7,2385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 2385-LEI-8,2385,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2385-vitality-8,2385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2405-context-1,2405,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1205,no +2405-context-1,2405,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1214,no 2405-context-2,2405,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Education in the Qiang areas is all in Chinese, though in recent years there has been a movement to implement bilingual education. Many of the children now can go to school, but the children often have to travel great distances to get to school. They will often live at the school, either for one week at a time, if the school is relatively close, or for months at a time, if it is farther away. Local educators have noticed that even with the opportunity for free education offered by the central government, there has been a continuously high drop-ou rate among children from remote villages. One reason, they believe, is that most of the children from the remote villages cannot cope with the school education because teaching in the schools is all in Chinese an they cannot speak Chinese. The call for a bilingual approach in education mainly refers to the use of spoken Qiang as a medium of instruction in the lower grades alongside Mandarin in order to facilitate the learning of Chinese ... -In general, Chinese has been the main language of education and communication with non-Qiang people. The spoken form of Chinese used is the Western Sichuan subdialect of Southwest Mandarin, while the written form used is that of Standard Modern Chinese. The Qiang have been in contact with the Han Chinese for centuries (see Sun 1998). However, in the past, only the men who left the Qiang area to trade or work or had to deal with Han Chinese on a regular basis would learn Chinese. Children below the age of fifteen rarely spoke Chinese, but now with more universal access to Chinese schooling and to TV (which is all in Standard Modern Chinese), even small children in remote villages can speak some Chinese. Now very few Qiang people cannot speak the Qiang language. In many villages by the main roads, and in some whole counties in the east of Aba Prefecture (where contact with the han Chinese has historically been most intense), the entire population is monolingual in Chinese. The tendency toward becoming monolingual in Chinese is becoming more prevalent now than ever before due to strong economic and social pressure to assimilate, and to the popularization of free primary and secondary education in Chinese. The number of fluent Qiang speakers becomes smaller day by day. Qiang is therefore very much an endangered language."" (p.5-6)",bib3665,yes -2405-location-1,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib1205,no -2405-location-2,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province""}",,Heishui County and the Chibusu district of Mao County,bib3665,yes -2405-location-3,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \uff08\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u963f\u58e9\u85cf\u65cf\u7f8c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\uff09""}",,Mao and Heishui Counties (茂縣、黑水縣),bib7109,no +In general, Chinese has been the main language of education and communication with non-Qiang people. The spoken form of Chinese used is the Western Sichuan subdialect of Southwest Mandarin, while the written form used is that of Standard Modern Chinese. The Qiang have been in contact with the Han Chinese for centuries (see Sun 1998). However, in the past, only the men who left the Qiang area to trade or work or had to deal with Han Chinese on a regular basis would learn Chinese. Children below the age of fifteen rarely spoke Chinese, but now with more universal access to Chinese schooling and to TV (which is all in Standard Modern Chinese), even small children in remote villages can speak some Chinese. Now very few Qiang people cannot speak the Qiang language. In many villages by the main roads, and in some whole counties in the east of Aba Prefecture (where contact with the han Chinese has historically been most intense), the entire population is monolingual in Chinese. The tendency toward becoming monolingual in Chinese is becoming more prevalent now than ever before due to strong economic and social pressure to assimilate, and to the popularization of free primary and secondary education in Chinese. The number of fluent Qiang speakers becomes smaller day by day. Qiang is therefore very much an endangered language."" (p.5-6)",bib3684,yes +2405-location-1,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib1214,no +2405-location-2,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province""}",,Heishui County and the Chibusu district of Mao County,bib3684,yes +2405-location-3,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \uff08\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u963f\u58e9\u85cf\u65cf\u7f8c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\uff09""}",,Mao and Heishui Counties (茂縣、黑水縣),bib7133,no 2405-location-4,2405,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0, 102.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2405-location-5,2405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""North central Sichuan Province, Mao, Songpan, Heishui, Beichuan counties.""}",,,bib67,no -2405-speaker_number-1,2405,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,no -2405-speakers-1,2405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""306072"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,no -2405-speaker_number-2,2405,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7109,no -2405-speakers-2,2405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130000 (including speakers of Northern Qiang and Southern Qiang)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7109,no +2405-speaker_number-1,2405,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,no +2405-speakers-1,2405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""306072"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,no +2405-speaker_number-2,2405,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7133,no +2405-speakers-2,2405,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130000 (including speakers of Northern Qiang and Southern Qiang)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7133,no 2405-speaker_number-3,2405,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"57,800 (1999), decreasing. 14,000 Mawo dialect, 14,000 Weigu dialect, 11,000 Luhua dialect, 8000 Cimulin dialect, and 9,000 Yadu dialect. 130,000 total for Northern and Southern Qiang languages, including 80,000 as Qiang nationality and 50,000 as Tibetan nationality (1990 J-O. Svantesson). Ethnic population: 306,072 (2000 census),",bib67,no 2405-speakers-3,2405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""306,072"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"57,800 (1999), decreasing. 14,000 Mawo dialect, 14,000 Weigu dialect, 11,000 Luhua dialect, 8000 Cimulin dialect, and 9,000 Yadu dialect. 130,000 total for Northern and Southern Qiang languages, including 80,000 as Qiang nationality and 50,000 as Tibetan nationality (1990 J-O. Svantesson). Ethnic population: 306,072 (2000 census),",bib67,no -2405-LEI-1,2405,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -2405-vitality-1,2405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -2405-LEI-2,2405,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3665,yes -2405-transmission-2,2405,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3665,yes -2405-speaker_number_trends-2,2405,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3665,yes -2405-vitality-2,2405,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3665,yes -2405-LEI-3,2405,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7109,no -2405-vitality-3,2405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7109,no +2405-LEI-1,2405,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +2405-vitality-1,2405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +2405-LEI-2,2405,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3684,yes +2405-transmission-2,2405,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3684,yes +2405-speaker_number_trends-2,2405,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3684,yes +2405-vitality-2,2405,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3684,yes +2405-LEI-3,2405,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7133,no +2405-vitality-3,2405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7133,no 2405-LEI-4,2405,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 2405-vitality-4,2405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no -241-context-1,241,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7172,yes +241-context-1,241,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7196,yes 241-context-2,241,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hassaniyya;""}",,,bib67,no -241-location-1,241,location,"{""Places"": [""Mauritania""]}",,,bib7172,yes -241-location-2,241,location,"{""Description"": ""Probably along the Mauritanian border"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.2687, -13.7109]]}",,,bib5307,no +241-location-1,241,location,"{""Places"": [""Mauritania""]}",,,bib7196,yes +241-location-2,241,location,"{""Description"": ""Probably along the Mauritanian border"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.2687, -13.7109]]}",,,bib5330,no 241-location-3,241,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.3333333333, -16.0]]}",,,bib216,no 241-location-4,241,location,"{""Places"": [""Mauritania"", ""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""South, Mederdra to Atlantic coast. Also in Senegal.""}",,,bib67,no -241-speakers-1,241,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200-300""}",,,bib1235,no -241-speaker_number-2,241,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Le zénaga ne serait plus parlé actuellement que par quelques milliers de locuteurs.,bib7172,yes -241-speakers-2,241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Le zénaga ne serait plus parlé actuellement que par quelques milliers de locuteurs.,bib7172,yes -241-speaker_number-3,241,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No census has ever taken place. The same stigma as in Mauritania surrounds speakers of Zenaga who use Hassaniya as a vernacular.,bib5307,no -241-speakers-3,241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No census has ever taken place. The same stigma as in Mauritania surrounds speakers of Zenaga who use Hassaniya as a vernacular.,bib5307,no +241-speakers-1,241,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200-300""}",,,bib1244,no +241-speaker_number-2,241,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Le zénaga ne serait plus parlé actuellement que par quelques milliers de locuteurs.,bib7196,yes +241-speakers-2,241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Le zénaga ne serait plus parlé actuellement que par quelques milliers de locuteurs.,bib7196,yes +241-speaker_number-3,241,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No census has ever taken place. The same stigma as in Mauritania surrounds speakers of Zenaga who use Hassaniya as a vernacular.,bib5330,no +241-speakers-3,241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No census has ever taken place. The same stigma as in Mauritania surrounds speakers of Zenaga who use Hassaniya as a vernacular.,bib5330,no 241-speaker_number-4,241,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 in Mauritania.,bib67,no 241-speakers-4,241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 in Mauritania.,bib67,no -241-LEI-1,241,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7172,yes -241-transmission-1,241,transmission,4,transmission-4,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7172,yes -241-vitality-1,241,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7172,yes -241-LEI-2,241,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -241-vitality-2,241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +241-LEI-1,241,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7196,yes +241-transmission-1,241,transmission,4,transmission-4,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7196,yes +241-vitality-1,241,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"[Les locuteurs du zénaga sont] relativement âgés et tous bilingues arabe/berbère, ils appartiennent pour l'essentiel à trois tribus (les Idābləḥsan, les Tändgha et quelques fractions des Äwlâd Däymân). L'autrice de ces lignes a travaillé plus particulièrement avec un informateur de la tribu des Idābləḥsan. Quelques différences seront signalées avec le parler des autres groupes (spécialement celui des Tändgha), mais les variations semblent surtout dues au fait que la bonne maîtrise du zénaga est devenue exceptionnelle.",bib7196,yes +241-LEI-2,241,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +241-vitality-2,241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 241-LEI-3,241,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 241-transmission-3,241,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib67,no 241-vitality-3,241,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -2425-context-1,2425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) and the Zabana (or Kia) languages""}",,,bib7937,no -2425-location-1,2425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1832, 159.2269]]}",,,bib5307,no -2425-location-2,2425,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7937,no +2425-context-1,2425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) and the Zabana (or Kia) languages""}",,,bib7962,no +2425-location-1,2425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1832, 159.2269]]}",,,bib5330,no +2425-location-2,2425,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7962,no 2425-location-3,2425,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -2425-speaker_number-1,2425,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2425-speakers-1,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2425-speaker_number-3,2425,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -2425-speakers-3,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no +2425-speaker_number-1,2425,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2425-speakers-1,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2425-speaker_number-3,2425,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +2425-speakers-3,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no 2425-speaker_number-4,2425,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2425-speakers-4,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2425-speaker_number-5,2425,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data on speaker number: SIL 1999,bib67,no 2425-speakers-5,2425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data on speaker number: SIL 1999,bib67,no -2425-LEI-1,2425,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2425-vitality-1,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2425-LEI-2,2425,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5739,yes -2425-transmission-2,2425,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5739,yes -2425-domains_of_use-2,2425,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5739,yes -2425-speaker_number_trends-2,2425,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5739,yes -2425-vitality-2,2425,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5739,yes -2425-LEI-3,2425,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2425-vitality-3,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2425-LEI-1,2425,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2425-vitality-1,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2425-LEI-2,2425,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5763,yes +2425-transmission-2,2425,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5763,yes +2425-domains_of_use-2,2425,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5763,yes +2425-speaker_number_trends-2,2425,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5763,yes +2425-vitality-2,2425,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5763,yes +2425-LEI-3,2425,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2425-vitality-3,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2425-LEI-4,2425,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2425-vitality-4,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2425-LEI-5,2425,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2425-vitality-5,2425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2427-context-1,2427,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lakona and Nume""}",,"language under pressure from larger languages, is endangered",bib7938,no +2427-context-1,2427,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lakona and Nume""}",,"language under pressure from larger languages, is endangered",bib7963,no 2427-location-1,2427,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -2427-location-2,2427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.3236, 167.5669]]}",,,bib5307,no -2427-location-3,2427,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.28, 167.516]]}",,,bib395,yes -2427-location-4,2427,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Maria (Gaua) Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""southeastern part of Santa Maria (or Gaua) Island in the Banks Islands.""}",,,bib7938,no -2427-speaker_number-1,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -2427-speakers-1,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +2427-location-2,2427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.3236, 167.5669]]}",,,bib5330,no +2427-location-3,2427,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.28, 167.516]]}",,,bib396,yes +2427-location-4,2427,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Maria (Gaua) Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""southeastern part of Santa Maria (or Gaua) Island in the Banks Islands.""}",,,bib7963,no +2427-speaker_number-1,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +2427-speakers-1,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 2427-speaker_number-2,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2427-speakers-2,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2427-speaker_number-3,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2427-speakers-3,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2427-speaker_number-4,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -2427-speakers-4,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2010s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -2427-speaker_number-5,2427,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"70 as of 1970, may be fewer today",bib7938,no -2427-speakers-5,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"70 as of 1970, may be fewer today",bib7938,no +2427-speaker_number-3,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2427-speakers-3,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2427-speaker_number-4,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +2427-speakers-4,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2010s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +2427-speaker_number-5,2427,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"70 as of 1970, may be fewer today",bib7963,no +2427-speakers-5,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"70 as of 1970, may be fewer today",bib7963,no 2427-speaker_number-6,2427,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2427-speakers-6,2427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""157"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2427-LEI-1,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -2427-vitality-1,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +2427-LEI-1,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +2427-vitality-1,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 2427-LEI-2,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2427-vitality-2,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2427-LEI-3,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2427-vitality-3,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2427-LEI-4,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -2427-vitality-4,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -2427-LEI-5,2427,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2427-vitality-5,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2427-LEI-3,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2427-vitality-3,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2427-LEI-4,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +2427-vitality-4,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +2427-LEI-5,2427,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2427-vitality-5,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2427-LEI-6,2427,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2427-vitality-6,2427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2428-context-1,2428,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish for some younger speakers""}",,,bib6450,yes +2428-context-1,2428,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish for some younger speakers""}",,,bib6474,yes 2428-location-1,2428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.75, -67.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2428-location-2,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,Southwest Beni Department and along Maniqui river; San Miguel de Huachi and Santa Ana de Alto Beni.,bib67,no 2428-location-3,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"""El chimane se habla en las llanuras del departamento de Beni, sobre todo en los alrededores de la ciudad de San Borja"" (p. 333). [Chimane is spoken on the plains of Beni Department, especially around the city of San Borja.] ""El mosetén se habla en Alto Beni en la región de Yungas, departamento de La Paz, en las faldas de los Andes ... el mosetén de Covendo en la región del río Alto Beni alrededor de Covendo y... el mosetén de Santa Ana ... en la región del río Alto Beni alrededor de Santa Ana, Inicua, Muchanes, y también a lo largo del río Quiquibey"" (p. 333) -[Mosetén is spoken in the Alto Beni, region of Yungas, Department of La Paz, in the foothills of the Andes ... Mosetén of Covendo on the Alto Beni River near Covendo and ... Mosetén of Santa Ana ... in the region of Alto Beni River near Santa Ana, Inicua, Muchanes, and also along the Quiquibey River.""]",bib6450,yes -2428-location-4,2428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2629, -66.8518]]}",,,bib2680,no -2428-location-5,2428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4113, -67.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -2428-location-6,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, Province of Ballivian, municipalities of San Borja and Rurrenabaque, on the Maniqui River, Yucumo-Rurrenabaque, Bosque de Chimanes, Parque Nacional Isiboro-Secure.""}",,,bib1903,no -2428-location-7,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,no +[Mosetén is spoken in the Alto Beni, region of Yungas, Department of La Paz, in the foothills of the Andes ... Mosetén of Covendo on the Alto Beni River near Covendo and ... Mosetén of Santa Ana ... in the region of Alto Beni River near Santa Ana, Inicua, Muchanes, and also along the Quiquibey River.""]",bib6474,yes +2428-location-4,2428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2629, -66.8518]]}",,,bib2693,no +2428-location-5,2428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4113, -67.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +2428-location-6,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Department of Beni, Province of Ballivian, municipalities of San Borja and Rurrenabaque, on the Maniqui River, Yucumo-Rurrenabaque, Bosque de Chimanes, Parque Nacional Isiboro-Secure.""}",,,bib1915,no +2428-location-7,2428,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,no 2428-speaker_number-1,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Includes 585 Moseten speakers."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Adelaar (2000). 5,320 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 5,840 (2006 PIB) (2013 unchanged). Mosetén move into Tsimané communities and function with seemingly no communication difficulties (2002 NTM) (2013). (2016 unchanged.)",bib67,no 2428-speakers-1,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,907"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Includes 585 Moseten speakers."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Adelaar (2000). 5,320 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 5,840 (2006 PIB) (2013 unchanged). Mosetén move into Tsimané communities and function with seemingly no communication difficulties (2002 NTM) (2013). (2016 unchanged.)",bib67,no -2428-speaker_number-2,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Tsimane': at least 4000 speakers; Mosetén: about 800 speakers (Sakel treats Tsimane' and Mosetén as distinct languages),bib6450,yes -2428-speakers-2,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000 Tsimane'"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Tsimane': at least 4000 speakers; Mosetén: about 800 speakers (Sakel treats Tsimane' and Mosetén as distinct languages),bib6450,yes -2428-speaker_number-3,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2428-speakers-3,2428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,885"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2428-speaker_number-4,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Figures include 580 speakers and 1,200 ethnic group members of the dialect Mosetén.",bib1903,no -2428-speakers-4,2428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Figures include 580 speakers and 1,200 ethnic group members of the dialect Mosetén.",bib1903,no +2428-speaker_number-2,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Tsimane': at least 4000 speakers; Mosetén: about 800 speakers (Sakel treats Tsimane' and Mosetén as distinct languages),bib6474,yes +2428-speakers-2,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000 Tsimane'"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Tsimane': at least 4000 speakers; Mosetén: about 800 speakers (Sakel treats Tsimane' and Mosetén as distinct languages),bib6474,yes +2428-speaker_number-3,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2428-speakers-3,2428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,885"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2428-speaker_number-4,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Figures include 580 speakers and 1,200 ethnic group members of the dialect Mosetén.",bib1915,no +2428-speakers-4,2428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Figures include 580 speakers and 1,200 ethnic group members of the dialect Mosetén.",bib1915,no 2428-speaker_number-5,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2428-speakers-5,2428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,316"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2428-speakers-6,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000""}",,,bib2971,no -2428-speaker_number-7,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mosetén: 948 speakers (ethnic populations 1,588); Tsimane': 6,351 speakers ( (ethnic populations 8,615)",bib1902,no -2428-speakers-7,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,615 Tsiman\u00e9, 1,588 Moset\u00e9n"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7299"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mosetén: 948 speakers (ethnic populations 1,588); Tsimane': 6,351 speakers ( (ethnic populations 8,615)",bib1902,no +2428-speakers-6,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000""}",,,bib2985,no +2428-speaker_number-7,2428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mosetén: 948 speakers (ethnic populations 1,588); Tsimane': 6,351 speakers ( (ethnic populations 8,615)",bib1914,no +2428-speakers-7,2428,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,615 Tsiman\u00e9, 1,588 Moset\u00e9n"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7299"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mosetén: 948 speakers (ethnic populations 1,588); Tsimane': 6,351 speakers ( (ethnic populations 8,615)",bib1914,no 2428-LEI-1,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2428-vitality-1,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2428-LEI-2,2428,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""La mayoría de los chimanes son monolingües, pero hoy en día muchos hablantes más jóvenes son bilingües en chimane y castellano"" (p. 335). -[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6450,yes +[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6474,yes 2428-transmission-2,2428,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""La mayoría de los chimanes son monolingües, pero hoy en día muchos hablantes más jóvenes son bilingües en chimane y castellano"" (p. 335). -[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6450,yes +[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6474,yes 2428-speaker_number_trends-2,2428,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""La mayoría de los chimanes son monolingües, pero hoy en día muchos hablantes más jóvenes son bilingües en chimane y castellano"" (p. 335). -[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6450,yes +[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6474,yes 2428-vitality-2,2428,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""La mayoría de los chimanes son monolingües, pero hoy en día muchos hablantes más jóvenes son bilingües en chimane y castellano"" (p. 335). -[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6450,yes -2428-LEI-3,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2428-vitality-3,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2428-LEI-4,2428,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1903,no -2428-transmission-4,2428,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1903,no -2428-speaker_number_trends-4,2428,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1903,no -2428-vitality-4,2428,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1903,no +[The majority of the Chimanes are monolinguals, but today many younger speakers are bilingual in Chimane and Spanish].",bib6474,yes +2428-LEI-3,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2428-vitality-3,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2428-LEI-4,2428,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1915,no +2428-transmission-4,2428,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1915,no +2428-speaker_number_trends-4,2428,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1915,no +2428-vitality-4,2428,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Children don't acquire Spanish until they are fifteen, unless they attend a school in one of the highland Indian communities. Women and elders speak little Spanish.",bib1915,no 2428-LEI-5,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2428-vitality-5,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2428-LEI-6,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2428-vitality-6,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2429-context-1,2429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chukchee, Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rudimentary, with strong interference from Chukchee, the language which has ultimately absorbed Kerek, as well as from Russian, the language today dominant over Chukchee",bib6475,yes +2428-LEI-6,2428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2428-vitality-6,2428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2429-context-1,2429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chukchee, Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rudimentary, with strong interference from Chukchee, the language which has ultimately absorbed Kerek, as well as from Russian, the language today dominant over Chukchee",bib6499,yes 2429-context-2,2429,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""...the language for education and cultural life is Russian""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chucki; Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2429-location-1,2429,location,"{""Description"": ""previously in a large belt along the Bering Sea coast between the Olyutor Bay and the Anadyr Bay, today only as a relict in a single locality, Maino-Pil'gyn (Mojno-Pil'gino), within the Bering raion of the Chukchee Autonomous District of Magadan Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes +2429-location-1,2429,location,"{""Description"": ""previously in a large belt along the Bering Sea coast between the Olyutor Bay and the Anadyr Bay, today only as a relict in a single locality, Maino-Pil'gyn (Mojno-Pil'gino), within the Bering raion of the Chukchee Autonomous District of Magadan Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes 2429-location-2,2429,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kereks make up a small linguistic enclave near the Gulf of Ugolnaya and Navarin Cape on the coast of the Bering Sea in northeastern Siberia. The administrative unit to which they belong is called the Bering District of the Chukchi Autonomous Territory which is part of the Magadan Region of the Russian Federation. Their habitat is the Artic region with its permafrost tundra and harsh climate. ""}",,,bib213,no 2429-location-3,2429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.25, 175.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2429-location-4,2429,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2429-speaker_number-1,2429,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In the early 1950s there were still approx. 100 speakers.,bib6475,yes -2429-speakers-1,2429,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In the early 1950s there were still approx. 100 speakers.,bib6475,yes +2429-speaker_number-1,2429,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In the early 1950s there were still approx. 100 speakers.,bib6499,yes +2429-speakers-1,2429,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In the early 1950s there were still approx. 100 speakers.,bib6499,yes 2429-speaker_number-2,2429,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2429-speakers-2,2429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2429-speakers-3,2429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979""}",,"'There is no official data on the number of Kereks. In 1934 they numbered 90 (S. Stebnitsky). Since then ""about a hundred"" has been repeatedly quoted (for example, Soviet Estonian Encyclopedia, 1968, 1979), but no more exact data exists. ""Not more than 70"" is the estimate given by V. Avorin in 1966. '",bib213,no 2429-speakers-4,2429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,No known speakers. There were 200 to 400 in 1900 but language now has no remaining speakers. Ethnic population: 8,bib67,no -2429-LEI-1,2429,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -2429-transmission-1,2429,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -2429-speaker_number_trends-1,2429,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -2429-vitality-1,2429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +2429-LEI-1,2429,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +2429-transmission-1,2429,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +2429-speaker_number_trends-1,2429,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +2429-vitality-1,2429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 2429-LEI-2,2429,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2429-vitality-2,2429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2429-LEI-3,2429,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 2429-vitality-3,2429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -2430-context-1,2430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,No children are learning it since parents prefer to speak to them in Russian.,bib606,no -2430-context-2,2430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Northern Selkup"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: from rudimentary to good; however, Russian is spoken universally as a second language; some knowledge of Northern Selkup is also not uncommon.",bib6475,yes +2430-context-1,2430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,No children are learning it since parents prefer to speak to them in Russian.,bib609,no +2430-context-2,2430,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Northern Selkup"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: from rudimentary to good; however, Russian is spoken universally as a second language; some knowledge of Northern Selkup is also not uncommon.",bib6499,yes 2430-context-3,2430,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Language of education, culture, and administration""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2430-location-1,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Middle and Upper Yenisay and it's tributaries.""}",,,bib6474,no +2430-location-1,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Middle and Upper Yenisay and it's tributaries.""}",,,bib6498,no 2430-location-2,2430,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.0, 87.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2430-location-3,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2430-location-4,2430,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.6236, 87.7148]]}",,,bib5307,no -2430-location-5,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on the middle and upper Yenisei and its tributaries, mainly between the Yelogui and Turukhan basins; today concentrated in a few villages, notably Kellog and Farkovo, in northern Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes +2430-location-4,2430,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.6236, 87.7148]]}",,,bib5330,no +2430-location-5,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on the middle and upper Yenisei and its tributaries, mainly between the Yelogui and Turukhan basins; today concentrated in a few villages, notably Kellog and Farkovo, in northern Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes 2430-location-6,2430,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""The Ket inhabit the Yenisey Basin (Sym, Kureika, Yeloguy, Podkamenaya Tunguska) in East Siberia. This area, in the middle reaches of the Yenisey (about 1,000--1,500 km from north to south), is administratively in the Turukhansk and Baikit districts of the Krasnoyarsk Region in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib213,no -2430-speaker_number-1,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -2430-speakers-1,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no +2430-speaker_number-1,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +2430-speakers-1,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no 2430-speaker_number-2,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"190. Ethnic population: 1,494",bib67,no 2430-speakers-2,2430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,494"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""190"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"190. Ethnic population: 1,494",bib67,no -2430-speaker_number-3,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib606,no -2430-speakers-3,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib606,no -2430-speaker_number-4,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2430-speakers-4,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2430-speaker_number-5,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"children speakers: generally very few, but the situation varies depending on locality; recent field data suggest that there may still exist linguistically intact families or even communities",bib6475,yes -2430-speakers-5,2430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"children speakers: generally very few, but the situation varies depending on locality; recent field data suggest that there may still exist linguistically intact families or even communities",bib6475,yes +2430-speaker_number-3,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib609,no +2430-speakers-3,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib609,no +2430-speaker_number-4,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2430-speakers-4,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2430-speaker_number-5,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"children speakers: generally very few, but the situation varies depending on locality; recent field data suggest that there may still exist linguistically intact families or even communities",bib6499,yes +2430-speakers-5,2430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"children speakers: generally very few, but the situation varies depending on locality; recent field data suggest that there may still exist linguistically intact families or even communities",bib6499,yes 2430-speaker_number-6,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2430-speakers-6,2430,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2430-speaker_number-7,2430,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,In 1989 it was reported that 48.3%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no 2430-speakers-7,2430,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,113"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""537"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,In 1989 it was reported that 48.3%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no -2430-LEI-1,2430,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2430-transmission-1,2430,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -2430-vitality-1,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2430-LEI-1,2430,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2430-transmission-1,2430,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +2430-vitality-1,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2430-LEI-2,2430,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2430-vitality-2,2430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2430-LEI-3,2430,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -2430-transmission-3,2430,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib606,no -2430-vitality-3,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib606,no -2430-LEI-4,2430,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2430-vitality-4,2430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2430-LEI-5,2430,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -2430-transmission-5,2430,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6475,yes -2430-speaker_number_trends-5,2430,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,yes -2430-vitality-5,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +2430-LEI-3,2430,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +2430-transmission-3,2430,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib609,no +2430-vitality-3,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib609,no +2430-LEI-4,2430,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2430-vitality-4,2430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2430-LEI-5,2430,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +2430-transmission-5,2430,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6499,yes +2430-speaker_number_trends-5,2430,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,yes +2430-vitality-5,2430,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 2430-LEI-6,2430,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2430-vitality-6,2430,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2430-LEI-7,2430,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The population of the Kets has been more or less stable, but the percentage of native language speakers is on the decline. In 1926 there were 1,225 speakers, but after 53 years only about 500 were reported -- less than half of the population. ",bib213,no @@ -23175,195 +23361,195 @@ In general, Chinese has been the main language of education and communication wi 2431-location-1,2431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2431-location-2,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Cesar Department, Valle du Par municipality; central Magdalena Department, lowlands south and west of Fundación; La Guajira Department, La Jagua del Pilar and Urumita municipalities.",bib67,no 2431-location-3,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,Cesar department: Valle du Par minicipality; La Guajira department: La Jagua del Pilar and Urumita municipalities; Magdalena department: lowlands south and west of Fundación.,bib70,no -2431-location-4,2431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0986, -73.894]]}",,,bib5307,no -2431-location-5,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region, lowlands near Valledupar.""}",,,bib1903,no -2431-location-6,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +2431-location-4,2431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0986, -73.894]]}",,,bib5330,no +2431-location-5,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region, lowlands near Valledupar.""}",,,bib1915,no +2431-location-6,2431,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 2431-speaker_number-1,2431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Malone (2006).,bib67,no 2431-speakers-1,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Malone (2006).,bib67,no 2431-speaker_number-2,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2431-speakers-2,2431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -2431-speaker_number-3,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2431-speakers-3,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2431-speaker_number-4,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2431-speakers-4,2431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2431-speaker_number-3,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2431-speakers-3,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2431-speaker_number-4,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2431-speakers-4,2431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2431-speaker_number-5,2431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,yes 2431-speakers-5,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,yes -2431-speaker_number-6,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6064,no -2431-speakers-6,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 480; Arango y S\u00e1nchez 2004: 900; Censo 2005: 1,613."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6064,no +2431-speaker_number-6,2431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6088,no +2431-speakers-6,2431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 480; Arango y S\u00e1nchez 2004: 900; Censo 2005: 1,613."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6088,no 2431-LEI-1,2431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2431-vitality-1,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2431-LEI-2,2431,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Very few children speak it.,bib70,no 2431-transmission-2,2431,transmission,3,transmission-3,Very few children speak it.,bib70,no 2431-speaker_number_trends-2,2431,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Very few children speak it.,bib70,no 2431-vitality-2,2431,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Very few children speak it.,bib70,no -2431-LEI-3,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2431-vitality-3,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2431-LEI-4,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used vigorously in the ethnic group.,bib1903,no -2431-vitality-4,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is used vigorously in the ethnic group.,bib1903,no +2431-LEI-3,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2431-vitality-3,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2431-LEI-4,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used vigorously in the ethnic group.,bib1915,no +2431-vitality-4,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is used vigorously in the ethnic group.,bib1915,no 2431-LEI-5,2431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 2431-vitality-5,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -2431-LEI-6,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -2431-vitality-6,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -2432-context-1,2432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aimara, Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib1601,yes +2431-LEI-6,2431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +2431-vitality-6,2431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +2432-context-1,2432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aimara, Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib1613,yes 2432-location-1,2432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.75, -67.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2432-location-2,2432,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Oruro Department, Atahuallpa province.""}",,"Oruro Department, Atahuallpa province.",bib67,no -2432-location-3,2432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.2074, -68.2031]]}",,,bib2680,no -2432-location-4,2432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.2074, -68.2031]]}",,,bib5307,no -2432-location-5,2432,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Municipio de Santa Ana de Chipaya, cantón de Ayparavi, province of Sabaya, Department of Oruro",bib1601,yes -2432-location-6,2432,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, east, Department of Oruro, Province of Atahuallpa.""}",,,bib1903,no +2432-location-3,2432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.2074, -68.2031]]}",,,bib2693,no +2432-location-4,2432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.2074, -68.2031]]}",,,bib5330,no +2432-location-5,2432,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Municipio de Santa Ana de Chipaya, cantón de Ayparavi, province of Sabaya, Department of Oruro",bib1613,yes +2432-location-6,2432,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, east, Department of Oruro, Province of Atahuallpa.""}",,,bib1915,no 2432-speaker_number-1,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,200 (1995), increasing. 60 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,800 (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 2432-speakers-1,2432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,200 (1995), increasing. 60 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,800 (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no -2432-speaker_number-2,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2432-speakers-2,2432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2432-speaker_number-3,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1601,yes -2432-speakers-3,2432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,625"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1601,yes -2432-speaker_number-4,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2432-speakers-4,2432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2432-speaker_number-2,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2432-speakers-2,2432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2432-speaker_number-3,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1613,yes +2432-speakers-3,2432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,625"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1613,yes +2432-speaker_number-4,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2432-speakers-4,2432,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2432-speaker_number-5,2432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2432-speakers-5,2432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2432-LEI-1,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 2432-vitality-1,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -2432-LEI-2,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2432-vitality-2,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2432-LEI-2,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2432-vitality-2,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2432-LEI-3,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""el chipaya goza de una extraordinaria vitalidad, y es fuente de orgullo para sus hablantes"" (p. 29) -[Chipaya enjoys an extraordinary vitality, and it is the source of pride for its speakers]",bib1601,yes +[Chipaya enjoys an extraordinary vitality, and it is the source of pride for its speakers]",bib1613,yes 2432-vitality-3,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""el chipaya goza de una extraordinaria vitalidad, y es fuente de orgullo para sus hablantes"" (p. 29) -[Chipaya enjoys an extraordinary vitality, and it is the source of pride for its speakers]",bib1601,yes -2432-LEI-4,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2432-vitality-4,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +[Chipaya enjoys an extraordinary vitality, and it is the source of pride for its speakers]",bib1613,yes +2432-LEI-4,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2432-vitality-4,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2432-LEI-5,2432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2432-vitality-5,2432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2434-context-1,2434,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"...since the 1960s loans from Russian have been incorporated in almost their original forms while a part of the adapted loans or the Khakass words have been fully replaced by Russian words. As a result, the Khakass language lacks a vocabulary for modern technics and many other modern concepts, and Russian has to be used instead. ",bib213,no -2434-location-1,2434,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Western Minusink steppe region on the Upper Yenisey in Southern Siberia.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2434-location-1,2434,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Western Minusink steppe region on the Upper Yenisey in Southern Siberia.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2434-location-2,2434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0, 90.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2434-location-3,2434,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2434-location-4,2434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7746, 90.3735]]}",,,bib5307,no +2434-location-4,2434,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7746, 90.3735]]}",,,bib5330,no 2434-location-5,2434,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""The Khakass live in Siberia, on the middle reaches of the River Yenisey and on the upper reaches of its tributaries, the Abakan and the Chulym. On an administrative level they belong to the Khakass Autonomous Region in the Kransoyarsk District of the Russian Federation -- an area of some 61,900 square kilometres). The northern and eastern parts of the region are flat steppelands (the Abakan-Minusinsk Basin), while the southern and western regions are mountainous.""}",,,bib213,no -2434-speaker_number-1,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -2434-speakers-1,2434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2434-speaker_number-1,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +2434-speakers-1,2434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2434-speaker_number-2,2434,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"20,000 in Russian Federation (2007 SIL), decreasing. Stable population; noticeable urbanization. Population total all countries: 20,010. Ethnic population: 75,600 in the Russian Federation",bib67,no 2434-speakers-2,2434,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"20,000 in Russian Federation (2007 SIL), decreasing. Stable population; noticeable urbanization. Population total all countries: 20,010. Ethnic population: 75,600 in the Russian Federation",bib67,no -2434-speaker_number-3,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2434-speakers-3,2434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,217"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2434-speaker_number-3,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2434-speakers-3,2434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,217"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2434-speaker_number-4,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2434-speakers-4,2434,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,810"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2434-speaker_number-5,2434,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,About 76.1% of the population were reported to be native speakers.,bib213,no 2434-speakers-5,2434,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,About 76.1% of the population were reported to be native speakers.,bib213,no -2434-LEI-1,2434,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2434-transmission-1,2434,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,yes -2434-domains_of_use-1,2434,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6474,yes -2434-vitality-1,2434,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes +2434-LEI-1,2434,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2434-transmission-1,2434,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,yes +2434-domains_of_use-1,2434,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6498,yes +2434-vitality-1,2434,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes 2434-LEI-2,2434,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2434-vitality-2,2434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2434-LEI-3,2434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2434-vitality-3,2434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2434-LEI-3,2434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2434-vitality-3,2434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2434-LEI-4,2434,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2434-vitality-4,2434,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2434-LEI-5,2434,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2434-domains_of_use-5,2434,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib213,no 2434-vitality-5,2434,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -2436-context-1,2436,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""schools and wider communication""}",,,bib6474,no -2436-context-2,2436,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Around the village and in the home.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Arabic (religious purposes)""}",,"There is one school in Xınalıq village, with grades 1 through 11. In 2001 there were between 350 and 400 students at the school. All the teachers are from Xınalıq village and speak Khinalug as their first language. There is also an outpatient clinic with a doctor and a functioning mosque.",bib1743,yes +2436-context-1,2436,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""schools and wider communication""}",,,bib6498,no +2436-context-2,2436,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Around the village and in the home.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Arabic (religious purposes)""}",,"There is one school in Xınalıq village, with grades 1 through 11. In 2001 there were between 350 and 400 students at the school. All the teachers are from Xınalıq village and speak Khinalug as their first language. There is also an outpatient clinic with a doctor and a functioning mosque.",bib1755,yes 2436-context-3,2436,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib213,no -2436-location-1,2436,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of Khinalug in Kuba""}",,,bib6474,no +2436-location-1,2436,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of Khinalug in Kuba""}",,,bib6498,no 2436-location-2,2436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1666666667, 48.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2436-location-3,2436,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib67,no -2436-location-4,2436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1579, 48.0706]]}",,,bib5307,no -2436-location-5,2436,location,"{""Description"": ""The majority of ethnic Khinalug live in just two mountain villages: X\u0131nal\u0131q\nand Gulustan (also known as Vladimirovka) in Quba district. Out of a\ntotal of approximately 3000 Khinalug, up to 2300 live in these two villages.\nThe rest of the Khinalug live in a number of ethnically mixed plains\nvillages, mostly in Quba district.""}",,,bib1743,yes +2436-location-4,2436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1579, 48.0706]]}",,,bib5330,no +2436-location-5,2436,location,"{""Description"": ""The majority of ethnic Khinalug live in just two mountain villages: X\u0131nal\u0131q\nand Gulustan (also known as Vladimirovka) in Quba district. Out of a\ntotal of approximately 3000 Khinalug, up to 2300 live in these two villages.\nThe rest of the Khinalug live in a number of ethnically mixed plains\nvillages, mostly in Quba district.""}",,,bib1755,yes 2436-location-6,2436,location,"{""Places"": [""Konakhkent district in Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""The upper reaches of the River Kudial-Tchai in the eastern part of the principal mountain chain of the Caucasus.""}",,,bib213,no -2436-speaker_number-1,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,no -2436-speakers-1,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,no +2436-speaker_number-1,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,no +2436-speakers-1,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,no 2436-speakers-2,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500""}",,,bib67,no -2436-speaker_number-3,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2436-speakers-3,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2436-speaker_number-3,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2436-speakers-3,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2436-speaker_number-4,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The language use patterns for Xınalıq village show that Khinalug is the language of the home and the -village, while Azerbaijani is the language of education and outside contact. Both are necessary in daily life, and both are valued for specific purposes.",bib1743,yes +village, while Azerbaijani is the language of education and outside contact. Both are necessary in daily life, and both are valued for specific purposes.",bib1755,yes 2436-speakers-4,2436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The language use patterns for Xınalıq village show that Khinalug is the language of the home and the -village, while Azerbaijani is the language of education and outside contact. Both are necessary in daily life, and both are valued for specific purposes.",bib1743,yes +village, while Azerbaijani is the language of education and outside contact. Both are necessary in daily life, and both are valued for specific purposes.",bib1755,yes 2436-speaker_number-5,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2436-speakers-5,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2436-speaker_number-6,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most recent census gives a figure of 2,500 for the Khinaliq people for the year 1976 (cf. Clifton 2005). Over the years, figures for the Khinalug speakers have varied from 2,315 in 1886 to 100 (!) in 1926, 1,000 in 1968, and 1,754 according to a 1970 census. In the 1959 census, and in censuses since 1976, the Khinalug people were not counted as a separate ethnic group (Gardanova 1962, Desheriyev 1968, Kibrik 1972, Isaev 1978, Cavadov and Huseinov 1993) due to the ideological Soviet definition of “ethnicity” ('natsionalnost') that has persisted up to the present day in Azerbaijan. Nevertheless we may safely claim that the total amount of Khinalug native speakers by no means exceeds 1,500 persons today.",bib4139,no -2436-speakers-6,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most recent census gives a figure of 2,500 for the Khinaliq people for the year 1976 (cf. Clifton 2005). Over the years, figures for the Khinalug speakers have varied from 2,315 in 1886 to 100 (!) in 1926, 1,000 in 1968, and 1,754 according to a 1970 census. In the 1959 census, and in censuses since 1976, the Khinalug people were not counted as a separate ethnic group (Gardanova 1962, Desheriyev 1968, Kibrik 1972, Isaev 1978, Cavadov and Huseinov 1993) due to the ideological Soviet definition of “ethnicity” ('natsionalnost') that has persisted up to the present day in Azerbaijan. Nevertheless we may safely claim that the total amount of Khinalug native speakers by no means exceeds 1,500 persons today.",bib4139,no +2436-speaker_number-6,2436,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most recent census gives a figure of 2,500 for the Khinaliq people for the year 1976 (cf. Clifton 2005). Over the years, figures for the Khinalug speakers have varied from 2,315 in 1886 to 100 (!) in 1926, 1,000 in 1968, and 1,754 according to a 1970 census. In the 1959 census, and in censuses since 1976, the Khinalug people were not counted as a separate ethnic group (Gardanova 1962, Desheriyev 1968, Kibrik 1972, Isaev 1978, Cavadov and Huseinov 1993) due to the ideological Soviet definition of “ethnicity” ('natsionalnost') that has persisted up to the present day in Azerbaijan. Nevertheless we may safely claim that the total amount of Khinalug native speakers by no means exceeds 1,500 persons today.",bib4159,no +2436-speakers-6,2436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most recent census gives a figure of 2,500 for the Khinaliq people for the year 1976 (cf. Clifton 2005). Over the years, figures for the Khinalug speakers have varied from 2,315 in 1886 to 100 (!) in 1926, 1,000 in 1968, and 1,754 according to a 1970 census. In the 1959 census, and in censuses since 1976, the Khinalug people were not counted as a separate ethnic group (Gardanova 1962, Desheriyev 1968, Kibrik 1972, Isaev 1978, Cavadov and Huseinov 1993) due to the ideological Soviet definition of “ethnicity” ('natsionalnost') that has persisted up to the present day in Azerbaijan. Nevertheless we may safely claim that the total amount of Khinalug native speakers by no means exceeds 1,500 persons today.",bib4159,no 2436-speakers-7,2436,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976""}",,"The statistics from 1976 on the Khinalug village were gathered by a research group under the guidance of N. Volkova from the Ethnographic Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. Unfortunately, this data merely reflects the total number of inhabitants living in the Khinalug village irrespective of their nationality or mother tongue.",bib213,no -2436-LEI-1,2436,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2436-transmission-1,2436,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,no -2436-vitality-1,2436,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no -2436-LEI-2,2436,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2436-vitality-2,2436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2436-LEI-3,2436,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1743,yes -2436-transmission-3,2436,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1743,yes -2436-speaker_number_trends-3,2436,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1743,yes -2436-vitality-3,2436,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1743,yes +2436-LEI-1,2436,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2436-transmission-1,2436,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,no +2436-vitality-1,2436,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no +2436-LEI-2,2436,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2436-vitality-2,2436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2436-LEI-3,2436,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1755,yes +2436-transmission-3,2436,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1755,yes +2436-speaker_number_trends-3,2436,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1755,yes +2436-vitality-3,2436,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Azerbaijani is used when speaking to non-Khinalug people, for official or educational purposes within the village, and for many situations outside the village. At the same time, the residents of Xınalıq village have a positive attitude toward the Khinalug language, and desire to continue using it in the home and the village. Although parents want their children to learn Azerbaijani well for school and for the demands of adult life, they also want the children to learn to speak Khinalug. Many adults in the village said that mothers should speak Khinalug to their children, so that the children learn Khinalug before any other languages. The effendeh, or head mullah, uses Khinalug alongside Arabic, especially for teaching. The current generation of young children is reported to show good mastery of Khinalug, and use it actively within the home and the village.",bib1755,yes 2436-LEI-4,2436,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2436-vitality-4,2436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2436-LEI-5,2436,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4139,no -2436-vitality-5,2436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4139,no +2436-LEI-5,2436,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4159,no +2436-vitality-5,2436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4159,no 2436-LEI-6,2436,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While the statistics of the 1926 census show a comparatively good command of the Khinalug language and supposedly, also its wide use, by the 1970s Khinalug was relegated to domestic use only. Azerbaijani is preferred for most other communication.",bib213,no 2436-domains_of_use-6,2436,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"While the statistics of the 1926 census show a comparatively good command of the Khinalug language and supposedly, also its wide use, by the 1970s Khinalug was relegated to domestic use only. Azerbaijani is preferred for most other communication.",bib213,no 2436-vitality-6,2436,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"While the statistics of the 1926 census show a comparatively good command of the Khinalug language and supposedly, also its wide use, by the 1970s Khinalug was relegated to domestic use only. Azerbaijani is preferred for most other communication.",bib213,no -2440-location-1,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana""}",,,bib2984,no -2440-location-2,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Montana"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.4824, -108.7639]]}",,,bib5307,no -2440-location-3,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana""}",,,bib5217,no -2440-location-4,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.4824, -108.7639]]}",,,bib1709,no +2440-location-1,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana""}",,,bib2998,no +2440-location-2,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Montana"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.4824, -108.7639]]}",,,bib5330,no +2440-location-3,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana""}",,,bib5240,no +2440-location-4,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Fort Belknap Reservation in north-central Montana"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.4824, -108.7639]]}",,,bib1721,no 2440-location-5,2440,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central Montana, Fort Belknap reservation, Milk river.""}",,,bib69,no -2440-speakers-1,2440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,Last known traditional speaker passed away in 1981.,bib2984,no -2440-speakers-2,2440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"“The 7,000-square-foot building on the Fort Belknap College campus is dedicated to preserving the heritage and native languages of the reservation’s Assiniboine and Gros Ventre peoples (Ogden, 2005).” (p.35)",bib3883,yes -2440-speaker_number-3,2440,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2440-speakers-3,2440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2440-speakers-4,2440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5217,no +2440-speakers-1,2440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,Last known traditional speaker passed away in 1981.,bib2998,no +2440-speakers-2,2440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"“The 7,000-square-foot building on the Fort Belknap College campus is dedicated to preserving the heritage and native languages of the reservation’s Assiniboine and Gros Ventre peoples (Ogden, 2005).” (p.35)",bib3903,yes +2440-speaker_number-3,2440,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2440-speakers-3,2440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2440-speakers-4,2440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5240,no 2440-speaker_number-5,2440,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2440-speakers-5,2440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2440-speakers-6,2440,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,No fully fluent speakers (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -2440-LEI-1,2440,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2984,no -2440-transmission-1,2440,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -2440-domains_of_use-1,2440,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -2440-speaker_number_trends-1,2440,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -2440-vitality-1,2440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2984,no -2440-LEI-2,2440,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3883,yes -2440-vitality-2,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3883,yes -2440-LEI-3,2440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2440-vitality-3,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2440-LEI-4,2440,LEI,Dormant (),,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5217,no -2440-vitality-4,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5217,no +2440-LEI-1,2440,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2998,no +2440-transmission-1,2440,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +2440-domains_of_use-1,2440,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +2440-speaker_number_trends-1,2440,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +2440-vitality-1,2440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2998,no +2440-LEI-2,2440,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3903,yes +2440-vitality-2,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3903,yes +2440-LEI-3,2440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2440-vitality-3,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2440-LEI-4,2440,LEI,Dormant (),,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5240,no +2440-vitality-4,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"The last traditional speaker died in 1981. Fewer than 10 elderly first-language speakers remain, none of them fully fluent.",bib5240,no 2440-LEI-5,2440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2440-vitality-5,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2440-LEI-6,2440,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 2440-vitality-6,2440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 2441-context-2,2441,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2441-context-3,2441,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -2441-location-1,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib4336,yes -2441-location-2,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib2984,no +2441-context-3,2441,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +2441-location-1,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib4357,yes +2441-location-2,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib2998,no 2441-location-3,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[67.0, -146.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2441-location-4,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska; Northwest Territories: Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic, Fort McPherson; Yukon Territory, Old Crow.""}",,,bib67,no 2441-location-5,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Northwest Territories: Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic, Fort McPherson; Yukon Territory, Old Crow. US: Alaska: Arctic village, Birch Creek, Chalkyitsik, Circle, Fort Yukon, and Venetie; on Yukon River and tributaries.",bib70,no -2441-location-6,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[68.1171, -145.5173]]}",,,bib5307,no -2441-location-7,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib5217,no -2441-location-8,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory."", ""Coordinates"": [[67.4407, -134.8272], [68.1171, -145.5173]]}",,,bib1709,no -2441-speaker_number-1,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 Alaska, 400 Canada. Population: 1,000 Alaska, 1,900 Canada",bib4336,yes -2441-speakers-1,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 Alaska, 400 Canada. Population: 1,000 Alaska, 1,900 Canada",bib4336,yes -2441-speaker_number-2,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -2441-speakers-2,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no +2441-location-6,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[68.1171, -145.5173]]}",,,bib5330,no +2441-location-7,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory.""}",,,bib5240,no +2441-location-8,2441,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Alaska in the villages of Arctic Village, Venetie, Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Circle, and Birch Creek, as well as in Aklavik, Inuvik, Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River) and Fort McPherson in the Northwest Territories, and in Old Crow in the Yukon Territory."", ""Coordinates"": [[67.4407, -134.8272], [68.1171, -145.5173]]}",,,bib1721,no +2441-speaker_number-1,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 Alaska, 400 Canada. Population: 1,000 Alaska, 1,900 Canada",bib4357,yes +2441-speakers-1,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 Alaska, 400 Canada. Population: 1,000 Alaska, 1,900 Canada",bib4357,yes +2441-speaker_number-2,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +2441-speakers-2,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no 2441-speaker_number-3,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 in Canada. Population total all countries: 800.,bib67,no 2441-speakers-3,2441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 in Canada. Population total all countries: 800.,bib67,no 2441-speaker_number-4,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Canada: 370 in Canada (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1900 (Krauss 2007). US: 300 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1000 (Krauss 2007).",bib70,no 2441-speakers-4,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""670"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Canada), 2007 (USA)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Canada: 370 in Canada (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1900 (Krauss 2007). US: 300 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1000 (Krauss 2007).",bib70,no -2441-speaker_number-5,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2441-speakers-5,2441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2441-speaker_number-6,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dialects: Western (Alaskan) and Eastern (Canadian) (called Loucheux). Gwich’in population of Alaska is about 1,100, and of that number about 300 are speakers of the language; the Canadian population is about 1,900, with perhaps as many as 500 speakers.",bib5217,no -2441-speakers-6,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000: 1,100 Alaska, 1,900 Canada"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dialects: Western (Alaskan) and Eastern (Canadian) (called Loucheux). Gwich’in population of Alaska is about 1,100, and of that number about 300 are speakers of the language; the Canadian population is about 1,900, with perhaps as many as 500 speakers.",bib5217,no +2441-speaker_number-5,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2441-speakers-5,2441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2441-speaker_number-6,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dialects: Western (Alaskan) and Eastern (Canadian) (called Loucheux). Gwich’in population of Alaska is about 1,100, and of that number about 300 are speakers of the language; the Canadian population is about 1,900, with perhaps as many as 500 speakers.",bib5240,no +2441-speakers-6,2441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000: 1,100 Alaska, 1,900 Canada"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dialects: Western (Alaskan) and Eastern (Canadian) (called Loucheux). Gwich’in population of Alaska is about 1,100, and of that number about 300 are speakers of the language; the Canadian population is about 1,900, with perhaps as many as 500 speakers.",bib5240,no 2441-speaker_number-7,2441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2441-speakers-7,2441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2441-LEI-1,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4336,yes -2441-transmission-1,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4336,yes -2441-domains_of_use-1,2441,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4336,yes -2441-speaker_number_trends-1,2441,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4336,yes -2441-vitality-1,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4336,yes -2441-LEI-2,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2441-speaker_number_trends-2,2441,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib2984,no -2441-vitality-2,2441,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2984,no +2441-LEI-1,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4357,yes +2441-transmission-1,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4357,yes +2441-domains_of_use-1,2441,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4357,yes +2441-speaker_number_trends-1,2441,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4357,yes +2441-vitality-1,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4357,yes +2441-LEI-2,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2441-speaker_number_trends-2,2441,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib2998,no +2441-vitality-2,2441,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2998,no 2441-LEI-3,2441,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly adults.,bib67,no 2441-transmission-3,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,Mainly adults.,bib67,no 2441-vitality-3,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mainly adults.,bib67,no @@ -23371,281 +23557,281 @@ US: 300 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1000 (Krauss 2007).",bib70,no 2441-transmission-4,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 2441-speaker_number_trends-4,2441,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 2441-vitality-4,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2441-LEI-5,2441,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2441-vitality-5,2441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2441-LEI-6,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2441-transmission-6,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5217,no -2441-domains_of_use-6,2441,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5217,no -2441-speaker_number_trends-6,2441,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,no -2441-vitality-6,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +2441-LEI-5,2441,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2441-vitality-5,2441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2441-LEI-6,2441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2441-transmission-6,2441,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5240,no +2441-domains_of_use-6,2441,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5240,no +2441-speaker_number_trends-6,2441,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,no +2441-vitality-6,2441,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 2441-LEI-7,2441,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2441-vitality-7,2441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2442-location-1,2442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.438892, -124.498425]]}",,,bib7945,no -2442-location-2,2442,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville\nLake, and Fort Good Hope.""}",,,bib2984,no -2442-speaker_number-1,2442,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2984,no -2442-speakers-1,2442,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""735"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2984,no -2442-speaker_number-2,2442,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Haare is spoken as a first language by about 70 people (30 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville Lake (30 speakers out of a total population of 90), and Fort Good Hope (45 speakers out of 645 total).",bib5217,yes -2442-speakers-2,2442,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""735?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Haare is spoken as a first language by about 70 people (30 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville Lake (30 speakers out of a total population of 90), and Fort Good Hope (45 speakers out of 645 total).",bib5217,yes -2442-LEI-1,2442,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -2442-vitality-1,2442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -2442-LEI-2,2442,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -2442-vitality-2,2442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -2445-context-1,2445,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fwa\u02c6i, Cemuhi, French""}",,,bib7938,no -2445-location-1,2445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5307,no -2445-location-2,2445,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern coast, a third of the length of New Caledonia from its northwestern end, around Te\u00b4ganpaik""}",,,bib7938,no +2442-location-1,2442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.438892, -124.498425]]}",,,bib7970,no +2442-location-2,2442,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville\nLake, and Fort Good Hope.""}",,,bib2998,no +2442-speaker_number-1,2442,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2998,no +2442-speakers-1,2442,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""735"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2998,no +2442-speaker_number-2,2442,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Haare is spoken as a first language by about 70 people (30 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville Lake (30 speakers out of a total population of 90), and Fort Good Hope (45 speakers out of 645 total).",bib5240,yes +2442-speakers-2,2442,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""735?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Haare is spoken as a first language by about 70 people (30 of whom use it actively at home) in two communities in the Northwest Territories, Colville Lake (30 speakers out of a total population of 90), and Fort Good Hope (45 speakers out of 645 total).",bib5240,yes +2442-LEI-1,2442,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +2442-vitality-1,2442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +2442-LEI-2,2442,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +2442-vitality-2,2442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +2445-context-1,2445,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fwa\u02c6i, Cemuhi, French""}",,,bib7963,no +2445-location-1,2445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5330,no +2445-location-2,2445,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern coast, a third of the length of New Caledonia from its northwestern end, around Te\u00b4ganpaik""}",,,bib7963,no 2445-location-3,2445,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""East coast: (Vamale dialect) T\u00e9ganpa\u00efk, Tiouand\u00e9; west coast: (Hmwaeke dialect) Voh, Ti\u00e9ta""}",,,bib67,yes 2445-speaker_number-1,2445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2445-speakers-1,2445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2445-speaker_number-2,2445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 in 1982, considerably less at present.",bib7938,no -2445-speakers-2,2445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 in 1982, considerably less at present.",bib7938,no +2445-speaker_number-2,2445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 in 1982, considerably less at present.",bib7963,no +2445-speakers-2,2445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 in 1982, considerably less at present.",bib7963,no 2445-speaker_number-3,2445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (SIL 1982),bib67,yes 2445-speakers-3,2445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (SIL 1982),bib67,yes 2445-LEI-1,2445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2445-vitality-1,2445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2445-LEI-2,2445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2445-vitality-2,2445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2445-LEI-2,2445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2445-vitality-2,2445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2445-LEI-3,2445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2445-vitality-3,2445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2446-context-1,2446,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Erromanga""}",,,bib7938,no +2446-context-1,2446,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Erromanga""}",,,bib7963,no 2446-location-1,2446,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.6666666667, 169.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2446-location-2,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Unpogkor (Dillans Bay), north Erromango""}",,,bib1922,yes +2446-location-2,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Unpogkor (Dillans Bay), north Erromango""}",,,bib1934,yes 2446-location-3,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southern Vanuatu, North Erromanga Island""}",,,bib67,no -2446-location-4,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Erromango"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.656405, 169.064527]]}",,,bib395,no -2446-location-5,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Erromanga Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Northern part of Erromanga Island""}",,,bib7938,no -2446-speaker_number-1,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There were only a handful of speakers in their 70's and 80's in the late 1990's. It is unlikely that the language is still being used today,bib1922,yes -2446-speakers-1,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990's"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,There were only a handful of speakers in their 70's and 80's in the late 1990's. It is unlikely that the language is still being used today,bib1922,yes +2446-location-4,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Erromango"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.656405, 169.064527]]}",,,bib396,no +2446-location-5,2446,location,"{""Places"": [""Erromanga Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Northern part of Erromanga Island""}",,,bib7963,no +2446-speaker_number-1,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There were only a handful of speakers in their 70's and 80's in the late 1990's. It is unlikely that the language is still being used today,bib1934,yes +2446-speakers-1,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990's"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,There were only a handful of speakers in their 70's and 80's in the late 1990's. It is unlikely that the language is still being used today,bib1934,yes 2446-speaker_number-2,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (T. Crowley 1998),bib67,no 2446-speakers-2,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (T. Crowley 1998),bib67,no -2446-speaker_number-3,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -2446-speakers-3,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -2446-speaker_number-4,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -2446-speakers-4,2446,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +2446-speaker_number-3,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +2446-speakers-3,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +2446-speaker_number-4,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +2446-speakers-4,2446,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 2446-speaker_number-5,2446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2446-speakers-5,2446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2446-LEI-1,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1922,yes -2446-transmission-1,2446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1922,yes -2446-domains_of_use-1,2446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1922,yes -2446-speaker_number_trends-1,2446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1922,yes -2446-vitality-1,2446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1922,yes +2446-LEI-1,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1934,yes +2446-transmission-1,2446,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1934,yes +2446-domains_of_use-1,2446,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1934,yes +2446-speaker_number_trends-1,2446,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1934,yes +2446-vitality-1,2446,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1934,yes 2446-LEI-2,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2446-vitality-2,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2446-LEI-3,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2446-vitality-3,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2446-LEI-4,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2446-vitality-4,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2446-LEI-3,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2446-vitality-3,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2446-LEI-4,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2446-vitality-4,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2446-LEI-5,2446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2446-vitality-5,2446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2447-location-1,2447,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5727, 167.275]]}",,,bib5307,no -2447-location-2,2447,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Tutuba"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.571269, 167.28162]]}",,,bib395,no -2447-location-3,2447,location,"{""Places"": [""Tutuba Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Tutuba Island is off the southeastern coast of Santo""}",,,bib7938,yes +2447-location-1,2447,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5727, 167.275]]}",,,bib5330,no +2447-location-2,2447,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Tutuba"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.571269, 167.28162]]}",,,bib396,no +2447-location-3,2447,location,"{""Places"": [""Tutuba Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Tutuba Island is off the southeastern coast of Santo""}",,,bib7963,yes 2447-location-4,2447,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Tutuba Island, south Santo""}",,,bib67,no -2447-speaker_number-1,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2447-speakers-1,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2447-speaker_number-2,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -2447-speakers-2,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -2447-speaker_number-3,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 in 1983. Children are beginning to not learn it,bib7938,yes -2447-speakers-3,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 in 1983. Children are beginning to not learn it,bib7938,yes +2447-speaker_number-1,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2447-speakers-1,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2447-speaker_number-2,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +2447-speakers-2,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +2447-speaker_number-3,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 in 1983. Children are beginning to not learn it,bib7963,yes +2447-speakers-3,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 in 1983. Children are beginning to not learn it,bib7963,yes 2447-speaker_number-4,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2447-speakers-4,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2447-speaker_number-5,2447,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 2447-speakers-5,2447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -2447-LEI-1,2447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2447-vitality-1,2447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2447-LEI-2,2447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2447-vitality-2,2447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2447-LEI-3,2447,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2447-transmission-3,2447,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7938,yes -2447-vitality-3,2447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7938,yes +2447-LEI-1,2447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2447-vitality-1,2447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2447-LEI-2,2447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2447-vitality-2,2447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2447-LEI-3,2447,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2447-transmission-3,2447,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7963,yes +2447-vitality-3,2447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7963,yes 2447-LEI-4,2447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2447-vitality-4,2447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2447-LEI-5,2447,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used by 30% of children.,bib67,no 2447-transmission-5,2447,transmission,2,transmission-2,Used by 30% of children.,bib67,no 2447-vitality-5,2447,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Used by 30% of children.,bib67,no -2448-context-1,2448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,"Extensive bilingualism in Tahitian, tendency of speakers to shift to it",bib7938,no -2448-location-1,2448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.3775, -149.4909]]}",,,bib5307,no -2448-location-2,2448,location,"{""Places"": [""Austral Islands, French Polynesia""]}",,,bib7938,no +2448-context-1,2448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,"Extensive bilingualism in Tahitian, tendency of speakers to shift to it",bib7963,no +2448-location-1,2448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.3775, -149.4909]]}",,,bib5330,no +2448-location-2,2448,location,"{""Places"": [""Austral Islands, French Polynesia""]}",,,bib7963,no 2448-location-3,2448,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2448-speaker_number-1,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2448-speakers-1,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2448-speaker_number-2,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 speakers in 1987",bib7938,no -2448-speakers-2,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 speakers in 1987",bib7938,no +2448-speaker_number-1,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2448-speakers-1,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2448-speaker_number-2,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 speakers in 1987",bib7963,no +2448-speakers-2,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 speakers in 1987",bib7963,no 2448-speaker_number-3,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2448-speakers-3,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2448-speaker_number-4,2448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2448-speakers-4,2448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2448-LEI-1,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2448-vitality-1,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2448-LEI-2,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2448-vitality-2,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2448-LEI-1,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2448-vitality-1,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2448-LEI-2,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2448-vitality-2,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2448-LEI-3,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2448-vitality-3,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2448-LEI-4,2448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2448-vitality-4,2448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2449-context-1,2449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Tahitian; many speakers shifting to it,bib7938,no -2449-location-1,2449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.9354, -147.7455]]}",,,bib5307,no +2449-context-1,2449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Tahitian; many speakers shifting to it,bib7963,no +2449-location-1,2449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.9354, -147.7455]]}",,,bib5330,no 2449-location-2,2449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.0, -144.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2449-location-3,2449,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Tuamotuan Islands and Tahiti""}",,,bib7938,no +2449-location-3,2449,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Tuamotuan Islands and Tahiti""}",,,bib7963,no 2449-location-4,2449,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Tuamotu, Tahiti""}",,,bib67,yes -2449-speaker_number-1,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2449-speakers-1,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2449-speaker_number-2,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,400 reported in 1987: 8,000-9,000 in Tuamotuan Islands, over 2,000 in Tahiti. Numbers likely to be lower today.",bib7938,no -2449-speakers-2,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,400 reported in 1987: 8,000-9,000 in Tuamotuan Islands, over 2,000 in Tahiti. Numbers likely to be lower today.",bib7938,no +2449-speaker_number-1,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2449-speakers-1,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2449-speaker_number-2,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,400 reported in 1987: 8,000-9,000 in Tuamotuan Islands, over 2,000 in Tahiti. Numbers likely to be lower today.",bib7963,no +2449-speakers-2,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,400 reported in 1987: 8,000-9,000 in Tuamotuan Islands, over 2,000 in Tahiti. Numbers likely to be lower today.",bib7963,no 2449-speaker_number-3,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2449-speakers-3,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2449-speaker_number-4,2449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,700 on Tuamotu (1977 census), 2,000 in Tahiti (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977)",bib67,yes 2449-speakers-4,2449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,700 on Tuamotu (1977 census), 2,000 in Tahiti (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977)",bib67,yes -2449-LEI-1,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2449-vitality-1,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2449-LEI-2,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2449-vitality-2,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2449-LEI-1,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2449-vitality-1,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2449-LEI-2,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2449-vitality-2,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2449-LEI-3,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2449-vitality-3,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2449-LEI-4,2449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2449-vitality-4,2449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2450-location-1,2450,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1834, 166.8438]]}",,,bib5307,no -2450-location-2,2450,location,"{""Places"": [""Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central northern Santo, around the southern coast of Big Bay""}",,,bib7938,yes +2450-location-1,2450,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1834, 166.8438]]}",,,bib5330,no +2450-location-2,2450,location,"{""Places"": [""Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central northern Santo, around the southern coast of Big Bay""}",,,bib7963,yes 2450-location-3,2450,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Big Bay, Santo Island""}",,,bib67,no -2450-speaker_number-1,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2450-speakers-1,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2450-speaker_number-2,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,450 speakers reported in 1987; may be a little less today.,bib7938,yes -2450-speakers-2,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,450 speakers reported in 1987; may be a little less today.,bib7938,yes +2450-speaker_number-1,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2450-speakers-1,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2450-speaker_number-2,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,450 speakers reported in 1987; may be a little less today.,bib7963,yes +2450-speakers-2,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,450 speakers reported in 1987; may be a little less today.,bib7963,yes 2450-speaker_number-3,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2450-speakers-3,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2450-speaker_number-4,2450,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001).,bib67,no 2450-speakers-4,2450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001).,bib67,no -2450-LEI-1,2450,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2450-vitality-1,2450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2450-LEI-2,2450,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7938,yes -2450-transmission-2,2450,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7938,yes -2450-vitality-2,2450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7938,yes +2450-LEI-1,2450,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2450-vitality-1,2450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2450-LEI-2,2450,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7963,yes +2450-transmission-2,2450,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7963,yes +2450-vitality-2,2450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7963,yes 2450-LEI-3,2450,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2450-vitality-3,2450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2450-LEI-4,2450,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used by 30% of children,bib67,no 2450-transmission-4,2450,transmission,2,transmission-2,Used by 30% of children,bib67,no 2450-vitality-4,2450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Used by 30% of children,bib67,no 2451-context-2,2451,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Palauan""}",,Official language in state of Tobi,bib67,yes -2451-context-3,2451,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Paluan & English: School, church, work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sonsorolese, Echangese, Palauan, English""}",,"Most respondents reported commonly using more than one language at a time. Tobian was commonly used at home and in the neighborhood and with children, elders, and siblings.",bib950,no +2451-context-3,2451,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Paluan & English: School, church, work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sonsorolese, Echangese, Palauan, English""}",,"Most respondents reported commonly using more than one language at a time. Tobian was commonly used at home and in the neighborhood and with children, elders, and siblings.",bib954,no 2451-location-1,2451,location,"{""Places"": [""Palau""], ""Description"": ""Tobi (Hatohobei) Island and near the capitol""}",,,bib67,yes -2451-location-2,2451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.9594, 131.8084]]}",,,bib5307,no -2451-location-3,2451,location,"{""Places"": [""Tobi Island, Palau""]}",,,bib7937,no -2451-speaker_number-1,2451,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5741,no -2451-speakers-1,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~22 speakers on Tobi island, 150 speakers total (including the population in the capital as well as on Tobi island)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5741,no +2451-location-2,2451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.9594, 131.8084]]}",,,bib5330,no +2451-location-3,2451,location,"{""Places"": [""Tobi Island, Palau""]}",,,bib7962,no +2451-speaker_number-1,2451,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5765,no +2451-speakers-1,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~22 speakers on Tobi island, 150 speakers total (including the population in the capital as well as on Tobi island)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5765,no 2451-speaker_number-2,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes 2451-speakers-2,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes -2451-speaker_number-3,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2451-speakers-3,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2451-speaker_number-3,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2451-speakers-3,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2451-speaker_number-4,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2451-speakers-4,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2451-speaker_number-5,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,22 or more speakers reported in 1995,bib7937,no -2451-speakers-5,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,22 or more speakers reported in 1995,bib7937,no -2451-LEI-1,2451,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5741,no -2451-vitality-1,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5741,no +2451-speaker_number-5,2451,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,22 or more speakers reported in 1995,bib7962,no +2451-speakers-5,2451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,22 or more speakers reported in 1995,bib7962,no +2451-LEI-1,2451,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5765,no +2451-vitality-1,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5765,no 2451-LEI-2,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2451-vitality-2,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2451-LEI-3,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2451-vitality-3,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2451-LEI-3,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2451-vitality-3,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2451-LEI-4,2451,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Eight of the respondents feel that Tobian will soon disappear and nine will be bothered if it does disappear (no one replied that they would not be bothered). The changes in the Tobian language were said to be also a result of the young people who commonly speak Sonsorolese and Echangese and then are unable to understand their Tobian elders. Change is thought as well to come from people moving away from Tobi and from Echang. -Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib950,no +Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib954,no 2451-transmission-4,2451,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Eight of the respondents feel that Tobian will soon disappear and nine will be bothered if it does disappear (no one replied that they would not be bothered). The changes in the Tobian language were said to be also a result of the young people who commonly speak Sonsorolese and Echangese and then are unable to understand their Tobian elders. Change is thought as well to come from people moving away from Tobi and from Echang. -Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib950,no +Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib954,no 2451-domains_of_use-4,2451,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Eight of the respondents feel that Tobian will soon disappear and nine will be bothered if it does disappear (no one replied that they would not be bothered). The changes in the Tobian language were said to be also a result of the young people who commonly speak Sonsorolese and Echangese and then are unable to understand their Tobian elders. Change is thought as well to come from people moving away from Tobi and from Echang. -Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib950,no +Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib954,no 2451-speaker_number_trends-4,2451,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Eight of the respondents feel that Tobian will soon disappear and nine will be bothered if it does disappear (no one replied that they would not be bothered). The changes in the Tobian language were said to be also a result of the young people who commonly speak Sonsorolese and Echangese and then are unable to understand their Tobian elders. Change is thought as well to come from people moving away from Tobi and from Echang. -Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib950,no +Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib954,no 2451-vitality-4,2451,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Eight of the respondents feel that Tobian will soon disappear and nine will be bothered if it does disappear (no one replied that they would not be bothered). The changes in the Tobian language were said to be also a result of the young people who commonly speak Sonsorolese and Echangese and then are unable to understand their Tobian elders. Change is thought as well to come from people moving away from Tobi and from Echang. -Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib950,no +Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or English is necessary for success in Palau.",bib954,no 2451-LEI-5,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2451-vitality-5,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2451-LEI-6,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2451-vitality-6,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2452-context-1,2452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Taiwanese Southern Min; Mandarin Chinese""}",,Most have shifted to Taiwanese Southern Min and Mandarin Chinese,bib7938,no -2452-context-2,2452,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Taiwanese Southern Min; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib8035,yes -2452-location-1,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mainly in Riyueh \u65e5\u6708 Village, Yuchih \u9b5a\u6c60 Township, and Dingkan \u9802\u5d01 Village, Shueili \u6c34\u91cc Township of Nantou \u5357\u6295 County, Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848, 120.924], [23.793, 120.878]]}",,,bib5861,no +2451-LEI-6,2451,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2451-vitality-6,2451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2452-context-1,2452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Taiwanese Southern Min; Mandarin Chinese""}",,Most have shifted to Taiwanese Southern Min and Mandarin Chinese,bib7963,no +2452-context-2,2452,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Taiwanese Southern Min; Mandarin Chinese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib8060,yes +2452-location-1,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mainly in Riyueh \u65e5\u6708 Village, Yuchih \u9b5a\u6c60 Township, and Dingkan \u9802\u5d01 Village, Shueili \u6c34\u91cc Township of Nantou \u5357\u6295 County, Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848, 120.924], [23.793, 120.878]]}",,,bib5885,no 2452-location-2,2452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.8833333333, 120.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2452-location-3,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Central, Sun Moon Lake southeast shore, Te-hua village, and Ta-p\u2019ing-lin 14 kms. away""}",,,bib67,no -2452-location-4,2452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.8808, 120.9206]]}",,,bib5307,no -2452-location-5,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Central Taiwan, around Sun Moon Lake"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.872, 120.92]]}",,,bib7938,no -2452-location-6,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mainly in Riyueh \u65e5\u6708 Village, Yuchih \u9b5a\u6c60 Township, and Dingkan \u9802\u5d01 Village, Shueili \u6c34\u91cc Township of Nantou \u5357\u6295 County, Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848, 120.924], [23.793, 120.878]]}",,,bib8035,yes -2452-location-7,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Te-hua village, Southeast shore of Sun Moon Lake, Nantou County."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848579, 120.930253]]}",,,bib1060,no -2452-speakers-1,2452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""744"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,,bib5861,no +2452-location-4,2452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.8808, 120.9206]]}",,,bib5330,no +2452-location-5,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Central Taiwan, around Sun Moon Lake"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.872, 120.92]]}",,,bib7963,no +2452-location-6,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mainly in Riyueh \u65e5\u6708 Village, Yuchih \u9b5a\u6c60 Township, and Dingkan \u9802\u5d01 Village, Shueili \u6c34\u91cc Township of Nantou \u5357\u6295 County, Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848, 120.924], [23.793, 120.878]]}",,,bib8060,yes +2452-location-7,2452,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Te-hua village, Southeast shore of Sun Moon Lake, Nantou County."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.848579, 120.930253]]}",,,bib1064,no +2452-speakers-1,2452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""744"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,,bib5885,no 2452-speaker_number-2,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 248 (1989),bib67,no 2452-speakers-2,2452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""248"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000). Ethnic population: 248 (1989),bib67,no -2452-speaker_number-3,2452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2452-speakers-3,2452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2452-speaker_number-4,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few old speakers,bib7938,no -2452-speakers-4,2452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few old speakers,bib7938,no +2452-speaker_number-3,2452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2452-speakers-3,2452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2452-speaker_number-4,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few old speakers,bib7963,no +2452-speakers-4,2452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few old speakers,bib7963,no 2452-speaker_number-5,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2452-speakers-5,2452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2452-speaker_number-6,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 fluent speakes in total - four L1 speakers and one L2 speaker,bib8035,yes -2452-speakers-6,2452,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""5"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1""}",,5 fluent speakes in total - four L1 speakers and one L2 speaker,bib8035,yes -2452-speaker_number-7,2452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1060,no -2452-speakers-7,2452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15""}",,,bib1060,no +2452-speaker_number-6,2452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 fluent speakes in total - four L1 speakers and one L2 speaker,bib8060,yes +2452-speakers-6,2452,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""5"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1""}",,5 fluent speakes in total - four L1 speakers and one L2 speaker,bib8060,yes +2452-speaker_number-7,2452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1064,no +2452-speakers-7,2452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15""}",,,bib1064,no 2452-LEI-1,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2452-vitality-1,2452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2452-LEI-2,2452,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2452-vitality-2,2452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2452-LEI-3,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2452-transmission-3,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2452-speaker_number_trends-3,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2452-vitality-3,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2452-LEI-2,2452,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2452-vitality-2,2452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2452-LEI-3,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2452-transmission-3,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2452-speaker_number_trends-3,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2452-vitality-3,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2452-LEI-4,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2452-vitality-4,2452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2452-LEI-5,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes -2452-transmission-5,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8035,yes -2452-domains_of_use-5,2452,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8035,yes -2452-speaker_number_trends-5,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8035,yes -2452-vitality-5,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8035,yes -2452-LEI-6,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1060,no -2452-transmission-6,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1060,no -2452-domains_of_use-6,2452,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1060,no -2452-speaker_number_trends-6,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1060,no -2452-vitality-6,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1060,no -2453-context-1,2453,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Pijin""}",,Speakers shifting to Solomon Pijin,bib7938,yes +2452-LEI-5,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8060,yes +2452-transmission-5,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8060,yes +2452-domains_of_use-5,2452,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8060,yes +2452-speaker_number_trends-5,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8060,yes +2452-vitality-5,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8060,yes +2452-LEI-6,2452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1064,no +2452-transmission-6,2452,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1064,no +2452-domains_of_use-6,2452,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1064,no +2452-speaker_number_trends-6,2452,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1064,no +2452-vitality-6,2452,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1064,no +2453-context-1,2453,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Pijin""}",,Speakers shifting to Solomon Pijin,bib7963,yes 2453-context-2,2453,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pijin""}",,,bib67,no -2453-location-1,2453,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6219, 166.9633]]}",,,bib5307,no +2453-location-1,2453,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6219, 166.9633]]}",,,bib5330,no 2453-location-2,2453,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6333333333, 166.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2453-location-3,2453,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Cruz Archipelago, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Vanikoro Island""}",,,bib7938,yes +2453-location-3,2453,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Cruz Archipelago, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Vanikoro Island""}",,,bib7963,yes 2453-location-4,2453,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Temotu Province, Vanikolo Island, Puma, Lavaka, Emua, and Lale villages""}",,,bib67,no -2453-speaker_number-1,2453,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2453-speakers-1,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2453-speaker_number-2,2453,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,350 speakers (170 adults) reported in 1989. Recent reports mention 60 speakers including 20 children,bib7938,yes -2453-speakers-2,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,350 speakers (170 adults) reported in 1989. Recent reports mention 60 speakers including 20 children,bib7938,yes +2453-speaker_number-1,2453,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2453-speakers-1,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2453-speaker_number-2,2453,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,350 speakers (170 adults) reported in 1989. Recent reports mention 60 speakers including 20 children,bib7963,yes +2453-speakers-2,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,350 speakers (170 adults) reported in 1989. Recent reports mention 60 speakers including 20 children,bib7963,yes 2453-speaker_number-3,2453,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2453-speakers-3,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2453-speaker_number-4,2453,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (A. Francois 2007),bib67,no 2453-speakers-4,2453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (A. Francois 2007),bib67,no -2453-LEI-1,2453,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2453-vitality-1,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2453-LEI-2,2453,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2453-vitality-2,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +2453-LEI-1,2453,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2453-vitality-1,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2453-LEI-2,2453,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2453-vitality-2,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 2453-LEI-3,2453,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2453-vitality-3,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2453-LEI-4,2453,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2453-vitality-4,2453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2455-context-1,2455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chamorro""}",,,bib7938,no +2455-context-1,2455,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chamorro""}",,,bib7963,no 2455-location-1,2455,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.24, 145.76]]}",,,bib75,no -2455-location-2,2455,location,"{""Places"": [""Saipan, Northern Marianas Islands""], ""Description"": ""West central coast of Saipan""}",,,bib7938,no +2455-location-2,2455,location,"{""Places"": [""Saipan, Northern Marianas Islands""], ""Description"": ""West central coast of Saipan""}",,,bib7963,no 2455-location-3,2455,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Mariana Islands""], ""Description"": ""West central coast of Saipan""}",,,bib67,yes 2455-speaker_number-1,2455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2455-speakers-1,2455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2455-speaker_number-2,2455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Some hundred speakers, members of ethnic group under 30 do not speak the language",bib7938,no -2455-speakers-2,2455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Some hundred speakers, members of ethnic group under 30 do not speak the language",bib7938,no +2455-speaker_number-2,2455,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Some hundred speakers, members of ethnic group under 30 do not speak the language",bib7963,no +2455-speakers-2,2455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Some hundred speakers, members of ethnic group under 30 do not speak the language",bib7963,no 2455-speaker_number-3,2455,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2455-speakers-3,2455,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 2455-LEI-1,2455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2455-vitality-1,2455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2455-LEI-2,2455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2455-vitality-2,2455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2455-LEI-2,2455,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2455-vitality-2,2455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2455-LEI-3,2455,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2455-vitality-3,2455,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2465-context-1,2465,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no @@ -23654,180 +23840,180 @@ Almost half the respondents feel that the ability to speak Palauan and/or Englis 2465-location-3,2465,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Colombia: Arauca department: Cravo Norte municipality; Casanare department: Betania, El Merey, Esmeralda, Mochuelo, San José de Ariporo, and Santa María on Capanaparo River and tributaries; Vichada department: Meta River south bank. In Venezuela: Apure state: upper Capanaparo River area and Riecito tributary.",bib70,no -2465-location-4,2465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4463, -69.9389]]}",,,bib5307,no -2465-location-5,2465,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, between the Meta, Casanare, and Capanaparo rivers, western part of the Department of Arauca: Resguardo Los Iguanitos, Municipality of Tame, Lower Cusay, to the north of the city of Tame; northwestern part of the Department of Casanare: Resguardo Ca\u00f1o Mochuelo-Hato Corozal, municipalities of Hato Corozal and Paz de Ariporo, between \u2013 to the north \u2013 the city of Tame (Department of Arauca) and \u2013 to the south \u2013 Paz de Ariporo; north-northwestern part of Vichada: Resguardo Santa Teresita del Tuparro, Municipality of Cumaribo, to the northwest of the centre of the Municipality of Cumaribo, between the rivers Tomo and Vichada, about 200km to the west of the Orinoco River; Resguardo La Pascua, municipalities of Puerto Carre\u00f1o and Guacac\u00edas. Venezuela, Apure State, along the Upper Capanaparo River and its tributary Riecito.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2465-location-4,2465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4463, -69.9389]]}",,,bib5330,no +2465-location-5,2465,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, between the Meta, Casanare, and Capanaparo rivers, western part of the Department of Arauca: Resguardo Los Iguanitos, Municipality of Tame, Lower Cusay, to the north of the city of Tame; northwestern part of the Department of Casanare: Resguardo Ca\u00f1o Mochuelo-Hato Corozal, municipalities of Hato Corozal and Paz de Ariporo, between \u2013 to the north \u2013 the city of Tame (Department of Arauca) and \u2013 to the south \u2013 Paz de Ariporo; north-northwestern part of Vichada: Resguardo Santa Teresita del Tuparro, Municipality of Cumaribo, to the northwest of the centre of the Municipality of Cumaribo, between the rivers Tomo and Vichada, about 200km to the west of the Orinoco River; Resguardo La Pascua, municipalities of Puerto Carre\u00f1o and Guacac\u00edas. Venezuela, Apure State, along the Upper Capanaparo River and its tributary Riecito.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2465-speaker_number-1,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,450 in Colombia (2001). 1,500 monolinguals.",bib67,no 2465-speakers-1,2465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,450 in Colombia (2001). 1,500 monolinguals.",bib67,no 2465-speaker_number-2,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,2200 in Colombia; 650 in Venezuela.,bib70,no 2465-speakers-2,2465,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2930 (2280 Colombia, 650 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia), 2007 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,2200 in Colombia; 650 in Venezuela.,bib70,no -2465-speaker_number-3,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2465-speakers-3,2465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,445"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2465-speaker_number-4,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Venezuela, all 650 members of the Cuiba ethnic group are speakers of the language.",bib1903,yes -2465-speakers-4,2465,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Venezuela, all 650 members of the Cuiba ethnic group are speakers of the language.",bib1903,yes +2465-speaker_number-3,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2465-speakers-3,2465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,445"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2465-speaker_number-4,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Venezuela, all 650 members of the Cuiba ethnic group are speakers of the language.",bib1915,yes +2465-speakers-4,2465,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Venezuela, all 650 members of the Cuiba ethnic group are speakers of the language.",bib1915,yes 2465-speaker_number-5,2465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2465-speakers-5,2465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2465-LEI-1,2465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2465-vitality-1,2465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2465-LEI-2,2465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2465-vitality-2,2465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2465-LEI-3,2465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2465-vitality-3,2465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2465-LEI-4,2465,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2465-transmission-4,2465,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1903,yes -2465-vitality-4,2465,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1903,yes +2465-LEI-3,2465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2465-vitality-3,2465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2465-LEI-4,2465,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2465-transmission-4,2465,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1915,yes +2465-vitality-4,2465,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1915,yes 2465-LEI-5,2465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2465-vitality-5,2465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2466-location-1,2466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.5, -68.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2466-location-2,2466,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Guainia Department, Isana, and In\u00edrida rivers, headwaters of the R\u00edo Negro, also in In\u00edrida, Barrio La Primavera; Vaupes Department, Mitu and Papunahua minicipalities.""}",,"Guainia Department, Isana, and Inírida rivers, headwaters of the Río Negro, also in Inírida, Barrio La Primavera; Vaupés Department, Mitú and Papunahua minicipalities.",bib67,no -2466-location-3,2466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3723, -67.5659]]}",,,bib5307,no -2466-location-4,2466,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, on the Guain\u0131\u00b4a, Isana and Inirida rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2466-location-5,2466,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2466-location-3,2466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3723, -67.5659]]}",,,bib5330,no +2466-location-4,2466,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, on the Guain\u0131\u00b4a, Isana and Inirida rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2466-location-5,2466,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2466-speaker_number-1,2466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,830 in Colombia (2001). Population total all countries: 12,540. 7,000 in Colombia; 1250 Brazil; 3630 Venezuela; total 11,880 (2016).",bib67,no 2466-speakers-1,2466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,540"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001, 2008 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,830 in Colombia (2001). Population total all countries: 12,540. 7,000 in Colombia; 1250 Brazil; 3630 Venezuela; total 11,880 (2016).",bib67,no -2466-speaker_number-2,2466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2466-speakers-2,2466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,332"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2466-speaker_number-3,2466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2466-speakers-3,2466,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2466-speaker_number-2,2466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2466-speakers-2,2466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,332"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2466-speaker_number-3,2466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2466-speakers-3,2466,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2466-speaker_number-4,2466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2466-speakers-4,2466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,719"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2466-speaker_number-5,2466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 1,332 speakers in Brazil (2005), about 7,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,827 people in Colombia (2001), and 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes -2466-speakers-5,2466,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,084"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,075"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 1,332 speakers in Brazil (2005), about 7,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,827 people in Colombia (2001), and 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes +2466-speaker_number-5,2466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 1,332 speakers in Brazil (2005), about 7,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,827 people in Colombia (2001), and 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes +2466-speakers-5,2466,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,084"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,075"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 1,332 speakers in Brazil (2005), about 7,000 speakers out of an ethnic population of 7,827 people in Colombia (2001), and 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes 2466-LEI-1,2466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2466-vitality-1,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2466-LEI-2,2466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2466-vitality-2,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2466-LEI-3,2466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2466-vitality-3,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2466-LEI-2,2466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2466-vitality-2,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2466-LEI-3,2466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2466-vitality-3,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2466-LEI-4,2466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2466-vitality-4,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2466-LEI-5,2466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2466-vitality-5,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2485-context-1,2485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Makasai""}",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring Papuan Timor-Alor-Pantar languages, especially Makasai.",bib7938,no -2485-location-1,2485,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4995, 126.3372]]}",,,bib5307,no -2485-location-2,2485,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""]}",,"The Waima’a people are hemmed in by two much larger populations, namely the Makasae to the east, and the Galoli to the west. Speakers live in small hamlets which have populations of 50-100 people. As a relatively small cultural group, the Waima’a people have had a long history of interaction with speakers of other languages in the region (DoBeS)",bib6983,no -2485-location-3,2485,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the northeastern coast of Timor Island, southwest of Baucau.""}",,,bib7938,no +2466-LEI-5,2466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2466-vitality-5,2466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2485-context-1,2485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Makasai""}",,"It is under pressure from the neighbouring Papuan Timor-Alor-Pantar languages, especially Makasai.",bib7963,no +2485-location-1,2485,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4995, 126.3372]]}",,,bib5330,no +2485-location-2,2485,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""]}",,"The Waima’a people are hemmed in by two much larger populations, namely the Makasae to the east, and the Galoli to the west. Speakers live in small hamlets which have populations of 50-100 people. As a relatively small cultural group, the Waima’a people have had a long history of interaction with speakers of other languages in the region (DoBeS)",bib7007,no +2485-location-3,2485,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the northeastern coast of Timor Island, southwest of Baucau.""}",,,bib7963,no 2485-location-4,2485,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""]}",,,bib67,yes -2485-speaker_number-1,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2485-speakers-1,2485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2485-speaker_number-2,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2485-speakers-2,2485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2485-speaker_number-1,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2485-speakers-1,2485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2485-speaker_number-2,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2485-speakers-2,2485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2485-speaker_number-3,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2485-speakers-3,2485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2485-speaker_number-4,2485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2485-speakers-4,2485,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2485-LEI-1,2485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2485-vitality-1,2485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2485-LEI-2,2485,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2485-speaker_number_trends-2,2485,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2485-vitality-2,2485,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2485-LEI-1,2485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2485-vitality-1,2485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2485-LEI-2,2485,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2485-speaker_number_trends-2,2485,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2485-vitality-2,2485,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2485-LEI-3,2485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2485-vitality-3,2485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2485-LEI-4,2485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2485-vitality-4,2485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2487-location-1,2487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.813097, 167.423783]]}",,,bib7945,no -2487-location-2,2487,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vatrata, Le'ep""]}",,,bib7426,yes -2487-speaker_number-1,2487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6983,no -2487-speakers-1,2487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6983,no -2487-speaker_number-2,2487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7426,yes -2487-speakers-2,2487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7426,yes -2487-LEI-1,2487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -2487-vitality-1,2487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -2487-LEI-2,2487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,yes -2487-vitality-2,2487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,yes -2488-context-1,2488,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili, Bajau"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca. A few speak Bajau, a trade language.""}",,,bib3543,yes -2488-location-1,2488,location,"{""Places"": [""northern Central Sulawesi""]}",,,bib6983,no -2488-location-2,2488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Northern Toli-Toli near Toli-Toli and Binontoan."", ""Coordinates"": [[1.039, 120.817], [1.244, 121.092]]}",,,bib3543,yes +2487-location-1,2487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.813097, 167.423783]]}",,,bib7970,no +2487-location-2,2487,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vatrata, Le'ep""]}",,,bib7450,yes +2487-speaker_number-1,2487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7007,no +2487-speakers-1,2487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7007,no +2487-speaker_number-2,2487,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7450,yes +2487-speakers-2,2487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7450,yes +2487-LEI-1,2487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +2487-vitality-1,2487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +2487-LEI-2,2487,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,yes +2487-vitality-2,2487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,yes +2488-context-1,2488,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili, Bajau"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca. A few speak Bajau, a trade language.""}",,,bib3561,yes +2488-location-1,2488,location,"{""Places"": [""northern Central Sulawesi""]}",,,bib7007,no +2488-location-2,2488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Northern Toli-Toli near Toli-Toli and Binontoan."", ""Coordinates"": [[1.039, 120.817], [1.244, 121.092]]}",,,bib3561,yes 2488-location-3,2488,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sulawesi, north coast, Tolitoli Utara, Galang, Baolan, Dondo, subdistricts. 29 villages, or parts of villages""}",,,bib67,no 2488-speaker_number-1,2488,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2488-speakers-1,2488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2488-speaker_number-2,2488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6983,no -2488-speakers-2,2488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6983,no -2488-speaker_number-3,2488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Many sources list 25,000 under number of speakers. This is actually the ethnic population. There are, according to Himmelmann, maybe 7,500 speakers.",bib3543,yes -2488-speakers-3,2488,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Many sources list 25,000 under number of speakers. This is actually the ethnic population. There are, according to Himmelmann, maybe 7,500 speakers.",bib3543,yes +2488-speaker_number-2,2488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7007,no +2488-speakers-2,2488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7007,no +2488-speaker_number-3,2488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Many sources list 25,000 under number of speakers. This is actually the ethnic population. There are, according to Himmelmann, maybe 7,500 speakers.",bib3561,yes +2488-speakers-3,2488,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Many sources list 25,000 under number of speakers. This is actually the ethnic population. There are, according to Himmelmann, maybe 7,500 speakers.",bib3561,yes 2488-speaker_number-4,2488,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2488-speakers-4,2488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2488-LEI-1,2488,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2488-vitality-1,2488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2488-LEI-2,2488,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -2488-vitality-2,2488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -2488-LEI-3,2488,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -2488-transmission-3,2488,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib3543,yes -2488-domains_of_use-3,2488,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3543,yes -2488-speaker_number_trends-3,2488,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3543,yes -2488-vitality-3,2488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes +2488-LEI-2,2488,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +2488-vitality-2,2488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +2488-LEI-3,2488,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +2488-transmission-3,2488,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib3561,yes +2488-domains_of_use-3,2488,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3561,yes +2488-speaker_number_trends-3,2488,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3561,yes +2488-vitality-3,2488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes 2488-LEI-4,2488,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2488-vitality-4,2488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2489-context-1,2489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English""}",,,bib6983,no -2489-location-1,2489,location,"{""Places"": [""Teop island in the North East of the Bougainville, in the Tinputz district of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib6983,no +2489-context-1,2489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English""}",,,bib7007,no +2489-location-1,2489,location,"{""Places"": [""Teop island in the North East of the Bougainville, in the Tinputz district of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib7007,no 2489-location-2,2489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.66666666667, 155.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2489-speaker_number-2,2489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2489-speakers-2,2489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 2489-LEI-1,2489,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2489-vitality-1,2489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2490-context-1,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""2800-3000""}",,"All speakers are bilingual and speak one or more of the neighbouring Austronesian languages, but it is very rare for a native speaker of another language to learn how to speak Savosavo.",bib6983,no -2490-context-2,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Pijin, English""}",,,bib7938,no -2490-context-3,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community can also speak Solomon Islands Pijin. Only very young children might not speak it.""}",,Almost everyone on Savo is fluent in Solomon Islands Pijin. Pijin and English are the only languages used in school. Children usually acquire Pijin only slightly later than Savosavo.,bib7748,yes -2490-location-1,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Savo Island""}",,,bib3265,no +2490-context-1,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""2800-3000""}",,"All speakers are bilingual and speak one or more of the neighbouring Austronesian languages, but it is very rare for a native speaker of another language to learn how to speak Savosavo.",bib7007,no +2490-context-2,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Pijin, English""}",,,bib7963,no +2490-context-3,2490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community can also speak Solomon Islands Pijin. Only very young children might not speak it.""}",,Almost everyone on Savo is fluent in Solomon Islands Pijin. Pijin and English are the only languages used in school. Children usually acquire Pijin only slightly later than Savosavo.,bib7773,yes +2490-location-1,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Savo Island""}",,,bib3281,no 2490-location-2,2490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.13333333333, 159.8]]}",,,bib216,no 2490-location-3,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -2490-location-4,2490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1292, 159.8071]]}",,,bib5307,no -2490-location-5,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Savo Island, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib6983,no -2490-location-6,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Savo Island, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North of northwestern Guadalcanal Island""}",,,bib7938,no -2490-location-7,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Savosavo is spoken on Savo island, a small volcanic island with a diameter of about 6 km, about 35 km north-west of the capital Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.1316, 159.8124]]}",,,bib7748,yes -2490-speaker_number-1,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,no -2490-speakers-1,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,no +2490-location-4,2490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1292, 159.8071]]}",,,bib5330,no +2490-location-5,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Savo Island, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib7007,no +2490-location-6,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Savo Island, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North of northwestern Guadalcanal Island""}",,,bib7963,no +2490-location-7,2490,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Savosavo is spoken on Savo island, a small volcanic island with a diameter of about 6 km, about 35 km north-west of the capital Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.1316, 159.8124]]}",,,bib7773,yes +2490-speaker_number-1,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,no +2490-speakers-1,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,no 2490-speaker_number-2,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 2490-speakers-2,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no -2490-speaker_number-3,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2490-speakers-3,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,147"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2490-speaker_number-4,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6983,no -2490-speakers-4,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6983,no -2490-speaker_number-5,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1976, 1,147 speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib7938,no -2490-speakers-5,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1976, 1,147 speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib7938,no +2490-speaker_number-3,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2490-speakers-3,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,147"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2490-speaker_number-4,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7007,no +2490-speakers-4,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7007,no +2490-speaker_number-5,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1976, 1,147 speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib7963,no +2490-speakers-5,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1976, 1,147 speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib7963,no 2490-speaker_number-6,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2490-speakers-6,2490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,415"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2490-speaker_number-7,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7748,yes -2490-speakers-7,2490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7748,yes -2490-LEI-1,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -2490-vitality-1,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no +2490-speaker_number-7,2490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7773,yes +2490-speakers-7,2490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7773,yes +2490-LEI-1,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +2490-vitality-1,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no 2490-LEI-2,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2490-vitality-2,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2490-LEI-3,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2490-vitality-3,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2490-LEI-4,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -2490-vitality-4,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no -2490-LEI-5,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Use of Savo has been declining among the members of the younger generation,bib7938,no -2490-vitality-5,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Use of Savo has been declining among the members of the younger generation,bib7938,no +2490-LEI-3,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2490-vitality-3,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2490-LEI-4,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +2490-vitality-4,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no +2490-LEI-5,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Use of Savo has been declining among the members of the younger generation,bib7963,no +2490-vitality-5,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Use of Savo has been declining among the members of the younger generation,bib7963,no 2490-LEI-6,2490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2490-vitality-6,2490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2490-LEI-7,2490,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7748,yes -2490-domains_of_use-7,2490,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7748,yes -2490-vitality-7,2490,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7748,yes -2505-context-1,2505,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6474,yes +2490-LEI-7,2490,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7773,yes +2490-domains_of_use-7,2490,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib7773,yes +2490-vitality-7,2490,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7773,yes +2505-context-1,2505,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6498,yes 2505-context-2,2505,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, school, media, cultural""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian; Avar;""}",,"""Khwarshi is a non-written language. Within the community Khwarshi is used on a day-to-day basis and in almost every domain of communication. In addition, most Khwarshi people (except for children of pre-school age) are proficient in Avar and Russian, used mainly for external communication. Khwarshi is not studied at school, nor is it the language of teaching. Instead, Russian is taught as the first language in school and is also the language of instruction. Avar is usually taught as a second language. The languages of mass media are Avar and Russian."" ""Avar is a lingua franca between all people of the Avar-Andi-Tsezic group. As -mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.!",bib4125,no +mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.!",bib4145,no 2505-context-3,2505,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,Avar has become the common language for communication and the mother tongue has been reduced to home usage within the Khvarshi community.,bib213,no -2505-location-1,2505,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Village of Khvarshi in Tsumada County.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2505-location-1,2505,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Village of Khvarshi in Tsumada County.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2505-location-2,2505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.25, 46.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2505-location-3,2505,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2505-location-4,2505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.3417, 46.1212]]}",,,bib5307,no +2505-location-4,2505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.3417, 46.1212]]}",,,bib5330,no 2505-location-5,2505,location,"{""Places"": [""Dagestan (Daghestan)""]}",,"However, according to our estimated data and according to the rural administrations for 2009, the number of Khwarshi speakers is more than 8500. The following estimates have been made: 1500 Khwarshi speakers live in mountainous areas in the Tsumada district, with 140 in Upper Inkhokwari, 330 in Lower Inkhokwari, 100 in Kwantlada, 270 in Santlada, 360 in Khonokh, 110 in Khwayni, and 220 in Khwarshi. In the lowland part of Daghestan there are more than 7000 Khwarshi speakers in the following settlements: in Oktyabrskoe there are 1590 Inkhokwari speakers and 730 Kwantlada speakers; in Pervomayskoe there are 1200 Santlada speakers; in Mutsalaul there are more than 2000 speakers of Khwarshi Proper; in Komsomolskoe -there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4125,no +there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4145,no 2505-location-6,2505,location,"{""Places"": [""Dagestan""], ""Description"": ""The Khvarshis live in villages in the eastern region of mountainous Dagestan on the right bank of the upper reaches of the River Andi-Koisu. Administratively, these five villages (Khvarshi, Inhokari, Kvantlyada, Santlyada and Khvainy) belong to the Khvarshi and Inhokari village Soviets in the Tsumada district in Dagestan.""}",,,bib213,no -2505-speaker_number-1,2505,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -2505-speakers-1,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2505-speaker_number-1,2505,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +2505-speakers-1,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2505-speaker_number-2,2505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,870 (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 500 (1990 A. E. Kibrik)",bib67,no 2505-speakers-2,2505,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,870 (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 500 (1990 A. E. Kibrik)",bib67,no -2505-speaker_number-3,2505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2505-speakers-3,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2505-speaker_number-3,2505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2505-speakers-3,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2505-speaker_number-4,2505,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2505-speakers-4,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2505-speaker_number-5,2505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the last population @@ -23836,119 +24022,119 @@ census from 2002, there are 128 Khwarshi speakers. Such small numbers are due to ""However, according to our estimated data and according to the rural administrations for 2009, the number of Khwarshi speakers is more than 8500. The following estimates have been made: 1500 Khwarshi speakers live in mountainous areas in the Tsumada district, with 140 in Upper Inkhokwari, 330 in Lower Inkhokwari, 100 in Kwantlada, 270 in Santlada, 360 in Khonokh, 110 in Khwayni, and 220 in Khwarshi. In the lowland part of Daghestan there are more than 7000 Khwarshi speakers in the following settlements: in Oktyabrskoe there are 1590 Inkhokwari speakers and 730 Kwantlada speakers; in Pervomayskoe there are 1200 Santlada speakers; in Mutsalaul there are more than 2000 speakers of Khwarshi Proper; in Komsomolskoe -there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4125,no +there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4145,no 2505-speakers-5,2505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the last population census from 2002, there are 128 Khwarshi speakers. Such small numbers are due to the fact that most Khwarshi speakers have registered themselves as Avar speakers."" ""However, according to our estimated data and according to the rural administrations for 2009, the number of Khwarshi speakers is more than 8500. The following estimates have been made: 1500 Khwarshi speakers live in mountainous areas in the Tsumada district, with 140 in Upper Inkhokwari, 330 in Lower Inkhokwari, 100 in Kwantlada, 270 in Santlada, 360 in Khonokh, 110 in Khwayni, and 220 in Khwarshi. In the lowland part of Daghestan there are more than 7000 Khwarshi speakers in the following settlements: in Oktyabrskoe there are 1590 Inkhokwari speakers and 730 Kwantlada speakers; in Pervomayskoe there are 1200 Santlada speakers; in Mutsalaul there are more than 2000 speakers of Khwarshi Proper; in Komsomolskoe -there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4125,no +there are 500 Khwarshi Proper, and 300 Khwayni speakers; in Kizilyurt there are 100Khwarshi Proper, and 500 Inkhokwari speakers; in Kizlyar and the Kizlyar districts there are 100 Inkhokwari and 70 Kwantlada speakers.",bib4145,no 2505-speakers-6,2505,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967""}",,,bib213,no -2505-LEI-1,2505,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2505-transmission-1,2505,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -2505-vitality-1,2505,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +2505-LEI-1,2505,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2505-transmission-1,2505,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +2505-vitality-1,2505,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 2505-LEI-2,2505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2505-vitality-2,2505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2505-LEI-3,2505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2505-vitality-3,2505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2505-LEI-3,2505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2505-vitality-3,2505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2505-LEI-4,2505,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2505-vitality-4,2505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2505-LEI-5,2505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Avar is a lingua franca between all people of the Avar-Andi-Tsezic group. As -mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.",bib4125,no +mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.",bib4145,no 2505-vitality-5,2505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Avar is a lingua franca between all people of the Avar-Andi-Tsezic group. As -mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.",bib4125,no +mentioned, Avar is used at the political, cultural, and educational levels.",bib4145,no 2505-LEI-6,2505,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2505-domains_of_use-6,2505,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 2505-vitality-6,2505,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2506-context-1,2506,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,no -2506-context-2,2506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all of younger generation""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: getting rudimentary among the younger generation, which is completely bi- or monolingual in Russian",bib6475,yes +2506-context-1,2506,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,no +2506-context-2,2506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all of younger generation""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: getting rudimentary among the younger generation, which is completely bi- or monolingual in Russian",bib6499,yes 2506-context-3,2506,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, Media, Administration, Popular Culture""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"The prestige of the Koryak language is low, the traditions are considered to be ridiculous and any distinctive ethnic feature is held up as a sign of inferiority.",bib213,no -2506-location-1,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Kanchatka, Okhotsk Sea to the Bering Sea, Upper Anadyr Basin.""}",,,bib6474,no +2506-location-1,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Kanchatka, Okhotsk Sea to the Bering Sea, Upper Anadyr Basin.""}",,,bib6498,no 2506-location-2,2506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.0, 167.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2506-location-3,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2506-location-4,2506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.8561, 168.6621]]}",,,bib5307,no -2506-location-5,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on northern Kamchatka, from the Okhotsk Sea to the Bering Sea, extending to the upper Anadyr basin in the north; administratively mainly within the Koryak Autonomous District of Kamchatka Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes +2506-location-4,2506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.8561, 168.6621]]}",,,bib5330,no +2506-location-5,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on northern Kamchatka, from the Okhotsk Sea to the Bering Sea, extending to the upper Anadyr basin in the north; administratively mainly within the Koryak Autonomous District of Kamchatka Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes 2506-location-6,2506,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""In the northern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula and on the adjoining mainland from the Taigonos Peninsula to the Bering Sea.""}",,,bib213,no -2506-speaker_number-1,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,no -2506-speakers-1,2506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,no +2506-speaker_number-1,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,no +2506-speakers-1,2506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,no 2506-speaker_number-2,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,500 (1997 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 8,743 (2002 census)",bib67,no 2506-speakers-2,2506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,743"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 (1997 M. Krauss). Ethnic population: 8,743 (2002 census)",bib67,no -2506-speaker_number-3,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2506-speakers-3,2506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2506-speaker_number-4,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -2506-speakers-4,2506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes +2506-speaker_number-3,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2506-speakers-3,2506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2506-speaker_number-4,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +2506-speakers-4,2506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes 2506-speaker_number-5,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2506-speakers-5,2506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2506-speaker_number-6,2506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,In 1989 it was reported that 52.5%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no 2506-speakers-6,2506,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,242"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,856"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,In 1989 it was reported that 52.5%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no -2506-LEI-1,2506,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2506-transmission-1,2506,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -2506-vitality-1,2506,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2506-LEI-1,2506,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2506-transmission-1,2506,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +2506-vitality-1,2506,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2506-LEI-2,2506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2506-vitality-2,2506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2506-LEI-3,2506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2506-vitality-3,2506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2506-LEI-4,2506,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6475,yes -2506-transmission-4,2506,transmission,2,transmission-2,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6475,yes -2506-speaker_number_trends-4,2506,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6475,yes -2506-vitality-4,2506,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6475,yes +2506-LEI-3,2506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2506-vitality-3,2506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2506-LEI-4,2506,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6499,yes +2506-transmission-4,2506,transmission,2,transmission-2,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6499,yes +2506-speaker_number_trends-4,2506,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6499,yes +2506-vitality-4,2506,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"children speakers: very few, although the situation may vary depending on locality",bib6499,yes 2506-LEI-5,2506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2506-vitality-5,2506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2506-LEI-6,2506,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mixed settlements, collective farms and schools, and in addition, Russian-language media, administration, culture and ideology led to the further predominance of Russian. The incidence of intermarriages in the 1960s diminished the importance of the Koryak language in the family circle.",bib213,no 2506-domains_of_use-6,2506,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mixed settlements, collective farms and schools, and in addition, Russian-language media, administration, culture and ideology led to the further predominance of Russian. The incidence of intermarriages in the 1960s diminished the importance of the Koryak language in the family circle.",bib213,no 2506-vitality-6,2506,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Mixed settlements, collective farms and schools, and in addition, Russian-language media, administration, culture and ideology led to the further predominance of Russian. The incidence of intermarriages in the 1960s diminished the importance of the Koryak language in the family circle.",bib213,no -2508-context-1,2508,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools, wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib6474,no -2508-context-3,2508,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib1743,yes +2508-context-1,2508,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools, wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib6498,no +2508-context-3,2508,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib1755,yes 2508-context-4,2508,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib213,no -2508-location-1,2508,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Azerbaijan, Villages of Kryz, Jek, Khaput, Yergyui, and Alyk.""}",,,bib6474,no +2508-location-1,2508,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Azerbaijan, Villages of Kryz, Jek, Khaput, Yergyui, and Alyk.""}",,,bib6498,no 2508-location-2,2508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.0833333333, 48.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2508-location-3,2508,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib67,no -2508-location-4,2508,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Kryz is spoken in four villages in the north-east of Azerbaijan: d'Alik, Khaput, Djek, and Kryz.""}",,,bib611,no -2508-location-5,2508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1455, 48.164]]}",,,bib5307,no -2508-location-6,2508,location,"{""Description"": ""Ethnic Kryz make up the majority in two clusters of villages: the mountain cluster of Hap\u0131t, \u04d8lik, Cek, Qr\u0131z, and Qr\u0131zd ehn e in Quba district, and the plains cluster of Hac\u0131h et emli, Mollaisaql\u0131, and Hap\u0131tl\u0131 in I\u02d9smay\u0131ll\u0131 district. In addition to these two groups, ethnic Kryz also live in a number of ethnically mixed villages throughout northeastern Azerbaijan.""}",,,bib1743,yes +2508-location-4,2508,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Kryz is spoken in four villages in the north-east of Azerbaijan: d'Alik, Khaput, Djek, and Kryz.""}",,,bib614,no +2508-location-5,2508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1455, 48.164]]}",,,bib5330,no +2508-location-6,2508,location,"{""Description"": ""Ethnic Kryz make up the majority in two clusters of villages: the mountain cluster of Hap\u0131t, \u04d8lik, Cek, Qr\u0131z, and Qr\u0131zd ehn e in Quba district, and the plains cluster of Hac\u0131h et emli, Mollaisaql\u0131, and Hap\u0131tl\u0131 in I\u02d9smay\u0131ll\u0131 district. In addition to these two groups, ethnic Kryz also live in a number of ethnically mixed villages throughout northeastern Azerbaijan.""}",,,bib1755,yes 2508-location-7,2508,location,"{""Description"": ""Administratively the Kryz occupy five villages in the Konakhkent District of Azerbaijan: Kryz (self-designation Karat), Alik (Ealig), Dzhek (Deg), Haput (Hafid) and Ergyuch (Yerg\u00fcd). Khinalug and Budukh settlements, as well as the Kryz villages, are in the remotest and least accessible areas of Caucasia, more than 2,000 metres above sea level.""}",,,bib213,no -2508-speaker_number-1,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,no -2508-speakers-1,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,no +2508-speaker_number-1,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,no +2508-speakers-1,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,no 2508-speaker_number-2,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL 1975.,bib67,no 2508-speakers-2,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL 1975.,bib67,no -2508-speaker_number-3,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7328,no -2508-speakers-3,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 - 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7328,no -2508-speaker_number-4,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Kryz is spoken by 2,000 speakers at the maximum. Higher speaker numbers cited in the literature often conflate speaker numbers with ethnic population.",bib611,no -2508-speakers-4,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Kryz is spoken by 2,000 speakers at the maximum. Higher speaker numbers cited in the literature often conflate speaker numbers with ethnic population.",bib611,no -2508-speaker_number-5,2508,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2508-speakers-5,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2508-speaker_number-6,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1743,yes -2508-speakers-6,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1743,yes +2508-speaker_number-3,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7352,no +2508-speakers-3,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 - 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7352,no +2508-speaker_number-4,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Kryz is spoken by 2,000 speakers at the maximum. Higher speaker numbers cited in the literature often conflate speaker numbers with ethnic population.",bib614,no +2508-speakers-4,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Kryz is spoken by 2,000 speakers at the maximum. Higher speaker numbers cited in the literature often conflate speaker numbers with ethnic population.",bib614,no +2508-speaker_number-5,2508,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2508-speakers-5,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2508-speaker_number-6,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1755,yes +2508-speakers-6,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1755,yes 2508-speaker_number-7,2508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2508-speakers-7,2508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2508-speakers-8,2508,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1958""}",,Beginning with the 1959 census the Kryz have been counted as Azerbaijanis.,bib213,no -2508-LEI-1,2508,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2508-transmission-1,2508,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,no -2508-vitality-1,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2508-LEI-1,2508,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2508-transmission-1,2508,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,no +2508-vitality-1,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2508-LEI-2,2508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2508-vitality-2,2508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2508-LEI-3,2508,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the mountain villages of Hapıt, Əlik, Cek, and Qrız, people in all age groups speak the Kryz language as their first language. Kryz is the language in which they are most fluent. In the İsmayıllı Hapıt villages of Hacıhǝtǝmli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 years of age and older. They speak the Hapıt dialect with one another. Due to marriages with non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from ages 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in the Hapıt dialect. Language ability continues to decrease with those 18 to 30 years of age. It is claimed that no more than 30%% of this generation speak the Hapıt dialect well. While 30 to 40%% of children in these communities come from homes where at least one of the parents uses the Hapıt dialect -occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7328,no +occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7352,no 2508-transmission-3,2508,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In the mountain villages of Hapıt, Əlik, Cek, and Qrız, people in all age groups speak the Kryz language as their first language. Kryz is the language in which they are most fluent. In the İsmayıllı Hapıt villages of Hacıhǝtǝmli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 years of age and older. They speak the Hapıt dialect with one another. Due to marriages with non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from ages 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in the Hapıt dialect. Language ability continues to decrease with those 18 to 30 years of age. It is claimed that no more than 30%% of this generation speak the Hapıt dialect well. While 30 to 40%% of children in these communities come from homes where at least one of the parents uses the Hapıt dialect -occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7328,no +occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7352,no 2508-domains_of_use-3,2508,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In the mountain villages of Hapıt, Əlik, Cek, and Qrız, people in all age groups speak the Kryz language as their first language. Kryz is the language in which they are most fluent. In the İsmayıllı Hapıt villages of Hacıhǝtǝmli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 years of age and older. They speak the Hapıt dialect with one another. Due to marriages with non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from ages 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in the Hapıt dialect. Language ability continues to decrease with those 18 to 30 years of age. It is claimed that no more than 30%% of this generation speak the Hapıt dialect well. While 30 to 40%% of children in these communities come from homes where at least one of the parents uses the Hapıt dialect -occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7328,no +occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7352,no 2508-speaker_number_trends-3,2508,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In the mountain villages of Hapıt, Əlik, Cek, and Qrız, people in all age groups speak the Kryz language as their first language. Kryz is the language in which they are most fluent. In the İsmayıllı Hapıt villages of Hacıhǝtǝmli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 years of age and older. They speak the Hapıt dialect with one another. Due to marriages with non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from ages 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in the Hapıt dialect. Language ability continues to decrease with those 18 to 30 years of age. It is claimed that no more than 30%% of this generation speak the Hapıt dialect well. While 30 to 40%% of children in these communities come from homes where at least one of the parents uses the Hapıt dialect -occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7328,no +occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7352,no 2508-vitality-3,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the mountain villages of Hapıt, Əlik, Cek, and Qrız, people in all age groups speak the Kryz language as their first language. Kryz is the language in which they are most fluent. In the İsmayıllı Hapıt villages of Hacıhǝtǝmli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 years of age and older. They speak the Hapıt dialect with one another. Due to marriages with non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from ages 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in the Hapıt dialect. Language ability continues to decrease with those 18 to 30 years of age. It is claimed that no more than 30%% of this generation speak the Hapıt dialect well. While 30 to 40%% of children in these communities come from homes where at least one of the parents uses the Hapıt dialect -occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7328,no -2508-LEI-4,2508,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib611,no -2508-transmission-4,2508,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib611,no -2508-domains_of_use-4,2508,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib611,no -2508-speaker_number_trends-4,2508,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib611,no -2508-vitality-4,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib611,no -2508-LEI-5,2508,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2508-vitality-5,2508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2508-LEI-6,2508,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1743,yes -2508-transmission-6,2508,transmission,2,transmission-2,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1743,yes -2508-speaker_number_trends-6,2508,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1743,yes -2508-vitality-6,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1743,yes +occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The children of these villages are reported to be most fluent in the Azerbaijani language.",bib7352,no +2508-LEI-4,2508,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib614,no +2508-transmission-4,2508,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib614,no +2508-domains_of_use-4,2508,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib614,no +2508-speaker_number_trends-4,2508,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib614,no +2508-vitality-4,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The shift among the younger generations from Kryz to Azeri, the national language, is very rapid in the villages of the plain, where children go to Azeri speaking schools. The Language is maintained best and shifting the slowest in the Mountain communities.",bib614,no +2508-LEI-5,2508,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2508-vitality-5,2508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2508-LEI-6,2508,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1755,yes +2508-transmission-6,2508,transmission,2,transmission-2,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1755,yes +2508-speaker_number_trends-6,2508,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1755,yes +2508-vitality-6,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While people of all ages in the mountain villages speak Kryz as their first language, the situation is more varied in the plains villages. In the Ismayıllı villages of Hacıh et emli and Mollaisaqlı, Kryz is the first language of most residents 30 and older. Due to marriages to non-Kryz spouses, however, Azerbaijani has become the language of the home for some of those from 30 to 55. Because of this, some in this group have lost proficiency in Kryz. Among those 18 to 30 years of age, it is claimed that no more than 30%% speak Kryz well. Finally, proficiency among children is low even though 30%% to 40%% come from homes where at least one parent can speak Kryz. These children are more proficient in Azerbaijani than in Kryz.",bib1755,yes 2508-LEI-7,2508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2508-vitality-7,2508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2508-LEI-8,2508,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no @@ -23956,1024 +24142,1024 @@ occasionally, proficiency in this dialect is low among the children. The childre 2508-domains_of_use-8,2508,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib213,no 2508-speaker_number_trends-8,2508,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib213,no 2508-vitality-8,2508,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib213,no -2509-context-1,2509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tutuba, Narango, Shark Bay""}",,"The language has been under pressure from the closely related larger languages Tutuba in the east, Naranggo in the south, and the less closely related Shark Bay language in the north, to which speakers have shifted.",bib7942,yes -2509-location-1,2509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4655, 167.1027]]}",,,bib5307,no -2509-location-2,2509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.533224, 167.136555]]}",,,bib395,no -2509-location-3,2509,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland of southeast Espiritu Santo Island.""}",,,bib7942,yes +2509-context-1,2509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tutuba, Narango, Shark Bay""}",,"The language has been under pressure from the closely related larger languages Tutuba in the east, Naranggo in the south, and the less closely related Shark Bay language in the north, to which speakers have shifted.",bib7967,yes +2509-location-1,2509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4655, 167.1027]]}",,,bib5330,no +2509-location-2,2509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.533224, 167.136555]]}",,,bib396,no +2509-location-3,2509,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland of southeast Espiritu Santo Island.""}",,,bib7967,yes 2509-location-4,2509,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Santo, Tambotalo village""}",,,bib67,no -2509-speaker_number-1,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2509-speakers-1,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2509-speaker_number-2,2509,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -2509-speakers-2,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -2509-speaker_number-3,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 speakers reported in 1981. There will be fewer today.,bib7942,yes -2509-speakers-3,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 speakers reported in 1981. There will be fewer today.,bib7942,yes +2509-speaker_number-1,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2509-speakers-1,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2509-speaker_number-2,2509,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +2509-speakers-2,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +2509-speaker_number-3,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 speakers reported in 1981. There will be fewer today.,bib7967,yes +2509-speakers-3,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 speakers reported in 1981. There will be fewer today.,bib7967,yes 2509-speaker_number-4,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2509-speakers-4,2509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2509-speaker_number-5,2509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2509-speakers-5,2509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no -2509-LEI-1,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2509-vitality-1,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2509-LEI-2,2509,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2509-vitality-2,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2509-LEI-3,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7942,yes -2509-vitality-3,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7942,yes +2509-LEI-1,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2509-vitality-1,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2509-LEI-2,2509,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2509-vitality-2,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2509-LEI-3,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7967,yes +2509-vitality-3,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7967,yes 2509-LEI-4,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2509-vitality-4,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2509-LEI-5,2509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2509-vitality-5,2509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2510-context-1,2510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Apma""}",,Speakers shifting to Apma,bib7938,no -2510-location-1,2510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.797347, 168.174972]]}",,,bib7945,no -2510-location-2,2510,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Sowa was spoken on central Pentecost Island. On the west coast, Melsisii River formed Sowa's northern boundary with Apma, and a creek near Levizendam (there is disagreement about exactly which one) formed its southern boundary with Ske. The language's area extended across the island to parallel areas on the east coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.775905, 168.185812]]}",,,bib3037,yes -2510-location-3,2510,location,"{""Places"": [""Pentecost Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""West coast of central southern Pentecost Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2510-context-1,2510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Apma""}",,Speakers shifting to Apma,bib7963,no +2510-location-1,2510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.797347, 168.174972]]}",,,bib7970,no +2510-location-2,2510,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Sowa was spoken on central Pentecost Island. On the west coast, Melsisii River formed Sowa's northern boundary with Apma, and a creek near Levizendam (there is disagreement about exactly which one) formed its southern boundary with Ske. The language's area extended across the island to parallel areas on the east coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.775905, 168.185812]]}",,,bib3051,yes +2510-location-3,2510,location,"{""Places"": [""Pentecost Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""West coast of central southern Pentecost Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2510-location-4,2510,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central Raga Island""}",,,bib67,no 2510-speaker_number-1,2510,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2510-speakers-1,2510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2510-speaker_number-3,2510,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1971, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably less.",bib7938,no -2510-speakers-3,2510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1971, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably less.",bib7938,no +2510-speaker_number-3,2510,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1971, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably less.",bib7963,no +2510-speakers-3,2510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1971, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably less.",bib7963,no 2510-speaker_number-4,2510,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Tryon 1971),bib67,no 2510-speakers-4,2510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Tryon 1971),bib67,no 2510-LEI-1,2510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2510-vitality-1,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2510-LEI-2,2510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3037,yes -2510-vitality-2,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3037,yes -2510-LEI-3,2510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2510-vitality-3,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2510-LEI-2,2510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3051,yes +2510-vitality-2,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3051,yes +2510-LEI-3,2510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2510-vitality-3,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2510-LEI-4,2510,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2510-vitality-4,2510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2511-location-1,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -2511-location-2,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula Island""}",,,bib1913,yes -2511-location-3,2511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4492, 167.4481]]}",,,bib5307,no -2511-location-4,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.46637, 167.464395]]}",,,bib395,no -2511-location-5,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7938,no +2511-location-2,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula Island""}",,,bib1925,yes +2511-location-3,2511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4492, 167.4481]]}",,,bib5330,no +2511-location-4,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.46637, 167.464395]]}",,,bib396,no +2511-location-5,2511,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7963,no 2511-speaker_number-1,2511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 2511-speakers-1,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -2511-speaker_number-2,2511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1913,yes -2511-speakers-2,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1913,yes -2511-speaker_number-3,2511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2511-speakers-3,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2511-speaker_number-4,2511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib395,no -2511-speakers-4,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib395,no -2511-speaker_number-5,2511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. There may be still close to that many speakers.",bib7938,no -2511-speakers-5,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. There may be still close to that many speakers.",bib7938,no +2511-speaker_number-2,2511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1925,yes +2511-speakers-2,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1925,yes +2511-speaker_number-3,2511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2511-speakers-3,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2511-speaker_number-4,2511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib396,no +2511-speakers-4,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib396,no +2511-speaker_number-5,2511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. There may be still close to that many speakers.",bib7963,no +2511-speakers-5,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. There may be still close to that many speakers.",bib7963,no 2511-speaker_number-6,2511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2511-speakers-6,2511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2511-LEI-1,2511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2511-vitality-1,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2511-LEI-2,2511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -2511-vitality-2,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes -2511-LEI-3,2511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2511-vitality-3,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2511-LEI-4,2511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2511-vitality-4,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2511-LEI-5,2511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7938,no -2511-vitality-5,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7938,no +2511-LEI-2,2511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +2511-vitality-2,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes +2511-LEI-3,2511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2511-vitality-3,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2511-LEI-4,2511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2511-vitality-4,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2511-LEI-5,2511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7963,no +2511-vitality-5,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7963,no 2511-LEI-6,2511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2511-vitality-6,2511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2512-location-1,2512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.515, 167.4645]]}",,,bib5307,no -2512-location-2,2512,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.516345, 167.505623]]}",,,bib395,no -2512-location-3,2512,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7938,yes -2512-speaker_number-1,2512,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -2512-speakers-1,2512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no -2512-speaker_number-2,2512,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers all members of an extended family,bib7938,yes -2512-speakers-2,2512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers all members of an extended family,bib7938,yes -2512-LEI-1,2512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2512-vitality-1,2512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2512-LEI-2,2512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2512-vitality-2,2512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes -2513-location-1,2513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.425526, 167.65344]]}",,,bib395,no -2513-location-2,2513,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern corner of Malekula, north of Lamap settlement, in the area assumed to be that of the Port Sandwich language"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.437, 167.785]]}",,,bib7938,yes -2513-speaker_number-1,2513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -2513-speakers-1,2513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -2513-speaker_number-2,2513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,yes -2513-speakers-2,2513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,yes -2513-LEI-1,2513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2513-vitality-1,2513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2513-LEI-2,2513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2513-vitality-2,2513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes -2514-context-1,2514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The community has a positive attitude toward their language""}",,"The community is highly multilingual due to historical contact with other groups in the region, including exogamy.",bib6061,yes -2514-location-1,2514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3854, 114.3354]]}",,,bib5307,no -2514-location-2,2514,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken near the upper Dangan River and the Menamang River in the Belaga district of Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.7199, 113.7018]]}",,,bib6061,yes -2514-location-3,2514,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sarawak, east of Belaga, 7th Division.""}",,Neighboring on Punan Batu,bib7938,no +2512-location-1,2512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.515, 167.4645]]}",,,bib5330,no +2512-location-2,2512,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.516345, 167.505623]]}",,,bib396,no +2512-location-3,2512,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner area of Malekula""}",,,bib7963,yes +2512-speaker_number-1,2512,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +2512-speakers-1,2512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no +2512-speaker_number-2,2512,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers all members of an extended family,bib7963,yes +2512-speakers-2,2512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers all members of an extended family,bib7963,yes +2512-LEI-1,2512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2512-vitality-1,2512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2512-LEI-2,2512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2512-vitality-2,2512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes +2513-location-1,2513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.425526, 167.65344]]}",,,bib396,no +2513-location-2,2513,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern corner of Malekula, north of Lamap settlement, in the area assumed to be that of the Port Sandwich language"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.437, 167.785]]}",,,bib7963,yes +2513-speaker_number-1,2513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +2513-speakers-1,2513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +2513-speaker_number-2,2513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,yes +2513-speakers-2,2513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,yes +2513-LEI-1,2513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2513-vitality-1,2513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2513-LEI-2,2513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2513-vitality-2,2513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes +2514-context-1,2514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The community has a positive attitude toward their language""}",,"The community is highly multilingual due to historical contact with other groups in the region, including exogamy.",bib6085,yes +2514-location-1,2514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3854, 114.3354]]}",,,bib5330,no +2514-location-2,2514,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken near the upper Dangan River and the Menamang River in the Belaga district of Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.7199, 113.7018]]}",,,bib6085,yes +2514-location-3,2514,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sarawak, east of Belaga, 7th Division.""}",,Neighboring on Punan Batu,bib7963,no 2514-location-4,2514,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -2514-speaker_number-1,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2514-speakers-1,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2514-speaker_number-2,2514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6061,yes -2514-speakers-2,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6061,yes -2514-speaker_number-3,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, 70 speakers were reported. Probably there are fewer today.",bib7938,no -2514-speakers-3,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, 70 speakers were reported. Probably there are fewer today.",bib7938,no +2514-speaker_number-1,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2514-speakers-1,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2514-speaker_number-2,2514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6085,yes +2514-speakers-2,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6085,yes +2514-speaker_number-3,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, 70 speakers were reported. Probably there are fewer today.",bib7963,no +2514-speakers-3,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, 70 speakers were reported. Probably there are fewer today.",bib7963,no 2514-speaker_number-4,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2514-speakers-4,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2514-speaker_number-5,2514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2514-speakers-5,2514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2514-LEI-1,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2514-vitality-1,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2514-LEI-2,2514,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6061,yes -2514-transmission-2,2514,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6061,yes -2514-domains_of_use-2,2514,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6061,yes -2514-speaker_number_trends-2,2514,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6061,yes -2514-vitality-2,2514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6061,yes -2514-LEI-3,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2514-vitality-3,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2514-LEI-1,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2514-vitality-1,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2514-LEI-2,2514,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6085,yes +2514-transmission-2,2514,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6085,yes +2514-domains_of_use-2,2514,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6085,yes +2514-speaker_number_trends-2,2514,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6085,yes +2514-vitality-2,2514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Transmission of Sihan to children varies from family to family, and depending on whether the family moves away from Belaga district. Sihan is widely used at home and in everyday social interactions, but on the decline in customs and traditional medicine. Older speakers can recite folk tales and healing songs in Sihan, but younger people don't know how to perform these stories or practice the traditional healing. Sihan is used in certain Bungan religious rituals, though fewer people practice that religion now.",bib6085,yes +2514-LEI-3,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2514-vitality-3,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2514-LEI-4,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2514-vitality-4,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2514-LEI-5,2514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2514-vitality-5,2514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2515-context-1,2515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,Pressure from Bislama,bib7938,no +2515-context-1,2515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,Pressure from Bislama,bib7963,no 2515-location-1,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -2515-location-2,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Santo""}",,,bib1913,yes -2515-location-3,2515,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2987, 167.1459]]}",,,bib5307,no -2515-location-4,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Litaro"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.338309, 167.106526], [-15.266441, 167.183419]]}",,,bib395,no -2515-location-5,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""East Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""East Santo on Litaro (Pilot) Island and on the coast and in the hinterland of Shark Bay""}",,,bib7938,no +2515-location-2,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Santo""}",,,bib1925,yes +2515-location-3,2515,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.2987, 167.1459]]}",,,bib5330,no +2515-location-4,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Litaro"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.338309, 167.106526], [-15.266441, 167.183419]]}",,,bib396,no +2515-location-5,2515,location,"{""Places"": [""East Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""East Santo on Litaro (Pilot) Island and on the coast and in the hinterland of Shark Bay""}",,,bib7963,no 2515-speaker_number-1,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 2515-speakers-1,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -2515-speaker_number-2,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1913,yes -2515-speakers-2,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1913,yes -2515-speaker_number-3,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2515-speakers-3,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2515-speaker_number-4,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -2515-speakers-4,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -2515-speaker_number-5,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 225 speakers were reported. Today they may be about 200 or somewhat less.",bib7938,no -2515-speakers-5,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 225 speakers were reported. Today they may be about 200 or somewhat less.",bib7938,no +2515-speaker_number-2,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1925,yes +2515-speakers-2,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1925,yes +2515-speaker_number-3,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2515-speakers-3,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2515-speaker_number-4,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +2515-speakers-4,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +2515-speaker_number-5,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 225 speakers were reported. Today they may be about 200 or somewhat less.",bib7963,no +2515-speakers-5,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 225 speakers were reported. Today they may be about 200 or somewhat less.",bib7963,no 2515-speaker_number-6,2515,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2515-speakers-6,2515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2515-LEI-1,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2515-vitality-1,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2515-LEI-2,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -2515-vitality-2,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes -2515-LEI-3,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2515-vitality-3,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2515-LEI-4,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2515-vitality-4,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2515-LEI-5,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language any more,bib7938,no -2515-vitality-5,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language any more,bib7938,no +2515-LEI-2,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +2515-vitality-2,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes +2515-LEI-3,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2515-vitality-3,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2515-LEI-4,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2515-vitality-4,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2515-LEI-5,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language any more,bib7963,no +2515-vitality-5,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language any more,bib7963,no 2515-LEI-6,2515,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2515-vitality-6,2515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2516-context-1,2516,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin as the medium of education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Hakka; Atayal"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,"The Taai (population) has been much acculturated to the Atayal, while the Tungho dialect has been (in some villages) influenced by Hakka (different degrees of language contact).",bib4067,yes -2516-context-2,2516,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka Chinese, Atayal""}",,,bib7938,no +2516-context-1,2516,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin as the medium of education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Hakka; Atayal"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,"The Taai (population) has been much acculturated to the Atayal, while the Tungho dialect has been (in some villages) influenced by Hakka (different degrees of language contact).",bib4087,yes +2516-context-2,2516,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hakka Chinese, Atayal""}",,,bib7963,no 2516-context-3,2516,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""not really"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Saisiyat does have an orthography, but few people use it. The government does not promote the use of Saisiyat language. Mandarin Chinese is used in almost all domains, especially the formal ones. -Only some word lists, oral texts, and sketch grammars are published for linguistic analyses. No dictionary.",bib1672,no +Only some word lists, oral texts, and sketch grammars are published for linguistic analyses. No dictionary.",bib1684,no 2516-location-1,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib67,no -2516-location-2,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Northern group used to speak the Taai dialect (also known as the Northern dialect) and lives in the upper reaches of the Shangping river in Wufeng township, Hsinchu county (\u65b0\u7af9\u7e23\u4e94\u5cf0\u9109 x\u012bnzh\u00faxi\u00e0n w\u01d4f\u0113ngxi\u0101ng). The Southern group speaks the Tungho dialect, also referred to as the Southern dialect. Most of the population is distributed throughout the valley delineated by the Eastern and the Southern rivers in Nanchuang township, Miaoli county (\u82d7\u6817\u7e23\u5357\u5e84\u9109 mi\u00e1ol\u00ecxi\u00e0n n\u00e1nzhu\u0101ngxi\u0101ng). A small amount of the population among the Southern group is also located in the upper reaches of the Shihtan River in Shihtan township, Miaoli county (\u82d7\u6817\u7e23\u7345\u6f6d\u9109 mi\u00e1ol\u00ecxi\u00e0n sh\u012bt\u00e1nxi\u0101ng)."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.591, 121.148], [24.58, 121.01]]}",,,bib4067,yes -2516-location-3,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mostly live in Wufong \u4e94\u5cf0 Village, Hsinchu \u65b0\u7af9 County, and Nanjuang \u5357\u5e84 and Shrtan \u7345\u6f6d Villages of Miaoli \u82d7\u6817 County in Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.591, 121.148], [24.58, 121.01]]}",,,bib8329,no -2516-location-4,2516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.5977, 121.0762]]}",,,bib5307,no -2516-location-5,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""In the western mountains, to the west of the large Atayal language area""}",,,bib7938,no +2516-location-2,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Northern group used to speak the Taai dialect (also known as the Northern dialect) and lives in the upper reaches of the Shangping river in Wufeng township, Hsinchu county (\u65b0\u7af9\u7e23\u4e94\u5cf0\u9109 x\u012bnzh\u00faxi\u00e0n w\u01d4f\u0113ngxi\u0101ng). The Southern group speaks the Tungho dialect, also referred to as the Southern dialect. Most of the population is distributed throughout the valley delineated by the Eastern and the Southern rivers in Nanchuang township, Miaoli county (\u82d7\u6817\u7e23\u5357\u5e84\u9109 mi\u00e1ol\u00ecxi\u00e0n n\u00e1nzhu\u0101ngxi\u0101ng). A small amount of the population among the Southern group is also located in the upper reaches of the Shihtan River in Shihtan township, Miaoli county (\u82d7\u6817\u7e23\u7345\u6f6d\u9109 mi\u00e1ol\u00ecxi\u00e0n sh\u012bt\u00e1nxi\u0101ng)."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.591, 121.148], [24.58, 121.01]]}",,,bib4087,yes +2516-location-3,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mostly live in Wufong \u4e94\u5cf0 Village, Hsinchu \u65b0\u7af9 County, and Nanjuang \u5357\u5e84 and Shrtan \u7345\u6f6d Villages of Miaoli \u82d7\u6817 County in Taiwan"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.591, 121.148], [24.58, 121.01]]}",,,bib8354,no +2516-location-4,2516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.5977, 121.0762]]}",,,bib5330,no +2516-location-5,2516,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""In the western mountains, to the west of the large Atayal language area""}",,,bib7963,no 2516-speaker_number-1,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the Council of Indigenous Peoples (2002).,bib67,no 2516-speakers-1,2516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the Council of Indigenous Peoples (2002).,bib67,no -2516-speaker_number-2,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The language is divided into two dialects, north (Taai) and South (Tungho) - 18 speakers of Taai; 1,000 ~ 3,000 speakers of Tungho.",bib4067,yes -2516-speakers-2,2516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The language is divided into two dialects, north (Taai) and South (Tungho) - 18 speakers of Taai; 1,000 ~ 3,000 speakers of Tungho.",bib4067,yes -2516-speakers-3,2516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,326"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"The Saisiyat can be further divided into two branches- the northern group and the southern group. The northern group lives in Wufong 五峰 Village, Hsinchu 新竹 County. By contrast, the southern group lives in Nanjuang 南庄 and Shrtan 獅潭 Villages of Miaoli 苗栗 County, Taiwan.",bib8329,no -2516-speaker_number-4,2516,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2516-speakers-4,2516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2516-speaker_number-6,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,All the speakers are above 40 years old (the article is written in 2006).,bib1672,no -2516-speakers-6,2516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500-2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,All the speakers are above 40 years old (the article is written in 2006).,bib1672,no +2516-speaker_number-2,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The language is divided into two dialects, north (Taai) and South (Tungho) - 18 speakers of Taai; 1,000 ~ 3,000 speakers of Tungho.",bib4087,yes +2516-speakers-2,2516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The language is divided into two dialects, north (Taai) and South (Tungho) - 18 speakers of Taai; 1,000 ~ 3,000 speakers of Tungho.",bib4087,yes +2516-speakers-3,2516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,326"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"The Saisiyat can be further divided into two branches- the northern group and the southern group. The northern group lives in Wufong 五峰 Village, Hsinchu 新竹 County. By contrast, the southern group lives in Nanjuang 南庄 and Shrtan 獅潭 Villages of Miaoli 苗栗 County, Taiwan.",bib8354,no +2516-speaker_number-4,2516,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2516-speakers-4,2516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2516-speaker_number-6,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,All the speakers are above 40 years old (the article is written in 2006).,bib1684,no +2516-speakers-6,2516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500-2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,All the speakers are above 40 years old (the article is written in 2006).,bib1684,no 2516-speaker_number-7,2516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2516-speakers-7,2516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2516-LEI-1,2516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2516-vitality-1,2516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2516-LEI-2,2516,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4067,yes -2516-transmission-2,2516,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4067,yes -2516-domains_of_use-2,2516,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4067,yes -2516-speaker_number_trends-2,2516,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4067,yes -2516-vitality-2,2516,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4067,yes -2516-LEI-3,2516,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2516-vitality-3,2516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2516-LEI-5,2516,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1672,no -2516-transmission-5,2516,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1672,no -2516-domains_of_use-5,2516,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1672,no -2516-speaker_number_trends-5,2516,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1672,no -2516-vitality-5,2516,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1672,no +2516-LEI-2,2516,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4087,yes +2516-transmission-2,2516,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4087,yes +2516-domains_of_use-2,2516,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4087,yes +2516-speaker_number_trends-2,2516,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4087,yes +2516-vitality-2,2516,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Saisiyat are very much involved in language preservation. But there is a ""language"" gap between people over 80 (they have their own intonation, grammar etc.) and those under 80.",bib4087,yes +2516-LEI-3,2516,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2516-vitality-3,2516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2516-LEI-5,2516,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1684,no +2516-transmission-5,2516,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1684,no +2516-domains_of_use-5,2516,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1684,no +2516-speaker_number_trends-5,2516,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1684,no +2516-vitality-5,2516,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only a few of the speakers care about the preservation of their language. Most people do not. Some people support the use of Mandarin Chinese, which is the official language of Taiwan.",bib1684,no 2516-LEI-6,2516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2516-vitality-6,2516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2517-context-1,2517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Southern Min; Japanese (elderly population only); Bunun""}",,,bib5749,yes -2517-context-2,2517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bunun, Taiwanese Chinese""}",,,bib7938,no -2517-location-1,2517,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Lha\u2019alua people reside in the Taoyuan Village (Chinese name: \u6843\u6e90\u6751) and Kaochung Village (Chinese name: \u9ad8\u4e2d\u6751), Taoyuan District (Chinese name: \u6843\u6e90\u5340), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Some Lha\u2019alua people relocated themselves to the current Maya Village, Namasia District (Chinese name: \u90a3\u746a\u590f\u5340), Kaohsiung City between 1931 and 1936."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.133, 120.721], [23.228, 120.84989]]}",,,bib5749,yes -2517-location-2,2517,location,"{""Places"": [""Southcentral Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Southeast of Minchuan and of the Kanakanabu language area, on the Laonung River""}",,,bib7938,no +2517-context-1,2517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Southern Min; Japanese (elderly population only); Bunun""}",,,bib5773,yes +2517-context-2,2517,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bunun, Taiwanese Chinese""}",,,bib7963,no +2517-location-1,2517,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Lha\u2019alua people reside in the Taoyuan Village (Chinese name: \u6843\u6e90\u6751) and Kaochung Village (Chinese name: \u9ad8\u4e2d\u6751), Taoyuan District (Chinese name: \u6843\u6e90\u5340), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Some Lha\u2019alua people relocated themselves to the current Maya Village, Namasia District (Chinese name: \u90a3\u746a\u590f\u5340), Kaohsiung City between 1931 and 1936."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.133, 120.721], [23.228, 120.84989]]}",,,bib5773,yes +2517-location-2,2517,location,"{""Places"": [""Southcentral Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Southeast of Minchuan and of the Kanakanabu language area, on the Laonung River""}",,,bib7963,no 2517-location-3,2517,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""West central mountains, south and southeast of Minchuan (mangchu), along Laonung River, Namaxia district.""}",,,bib67,no -2517-speaker_number-1,2517,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.,bib5749,yes -2517-speakers-1,2517,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.,bib5749,yes -2517-speaker_number-2,2517,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few old speakers,bib7938,no -2517-speakers-2,2517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few old speakers,bib7938,no +2517-speaker_number-1,2517,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.,bib5773,yes +2517-speakers-1,2517,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.,bib5773,yes +2517-speaker_number-2,2517,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few old speakers,bib7963,no +2517-speakers-2,2517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few old speakers,bib7963,no 2517-speaker_number-3,2517,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2517-speakers-3,2517,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2517-LEI-1,2517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5749,yes -2517-transmission-1,2517,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5749,yes -2517-domains_of_use-1,2517,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5749,yes -2517-speaker_number_trends-1,2517,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5749,yes -2517-vitality-1,2517,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5749,yes -2517-LEI-2,2517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese,bib7938,no -2517-vitality-2,2517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese,bib7938,no +2517-LEI-1,2517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5773,yes +2517-transmission-1,2517,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5773,yes +2517-domains_of_use-1,2517,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5773,yes +2517-speaker_number_trends-1,2517,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5773,yes +2517-vitality-1,2517,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.",bib5773,yes +2517-LEI-2,2517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese,bib7963,no +2517-vitality-2,2517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese,bib7963,no 2517-LEI-3,2517,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2517-vitality-3,2517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2518-location-1,2518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.3155, 167.6026]]}",,,bib5307,no -2518-location-2,2518,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.308246, 167.675413]]}",,,bib395,no -2518-location-3,2518,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland on southeast Malekula Island""}",,,bib7938,yes +2518-location-1,2518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.3155, 167.6026]]}",,,bib5330,no +2518-location-2,2518,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.308246, 167.675413]]}",,,bib396,no +2518-location-3,2518,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland on southeast Malekula Island""}",,,bib7963,yes 2518-location-4,2518,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -2518-speaker_number-1,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2518-speakers-1,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2518-speaker_number-2,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -2518-speakers-2,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no -2518-speaker_number-3,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,90 speakers reported in 1983. There may be fewer today.,bib7938,yes -2518-speakers-3,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,90 speakers reported in 1983. There may be fewer today.,bib7938,yes +2518-speaker_number-1,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2518-speakers-1,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2518-speaker_number-2,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +2518-speakers-2,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no +2518-speaker_number-3,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,90 speakers reported in 1983. There may be fewer today.,bib7963,yes +2518-speakers-3,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,90 speakers reported in 1983. There may be fewer today.,bib7963,yes 2518-speaker_number-4,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2518-speakers-4,2518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2518-speaker_number-5,2518,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,no 2518-speakers-5,2518,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,no -2518-LEI-1,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2518-vitality-1,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2518-LEI-2,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2518-vitality-2,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2518-LEI-3,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2518-vitality-3,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +2518-LEI-1,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2518-vitality-1,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2518-LEI-2,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2518-vitality-2,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2518-LEI-3,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2518-vitality-3,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 2518-LEI-4,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2518-vitality-4,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2518-LEI-5,2518,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2518-vitality-5,2518,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2519-context-1,2519,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, New Zealand M\u0101ori"", ""Government Support"": ""official language alongside English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Rarotangan is often considered the high variety among the dialects. Despite a loss of speakers, the language is considered by many to be an important part of their identity. Older people express disappointment that few younger people speak the language, while younger people feel discouraged by their elders when trying to learn."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ipukarea Society of Auckland University of Technology (AUT)""}",,"Advanced shift to English. Many older people also speak New Zealand Māori, Tahitian, and other regional indigenous languages due to having attended school away from the Southern Cook Islands. There is a lack of qualified Cook Islands Māori grade-school instructors in the diaspora, though some community courses are offered. The language is still prevalent in the performing arts.",bib5511,yes -2519-context-2,2519,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,English is the preferred language of members of the young generation.,bib7938,no -2519-location-1,2519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.2343, -159.7837]]}",,,bib5307,no -2519-location-2,2519,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands including Rarotonga, Aitutaki, Mangaia, 'Atiu, Ma'uke, and Miti'aro""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, -156.0], [-23.0, -167.0]]}",,Also spoken amongst diaspora populations in New Zealand and Australia,bib5511,yes -2519-location-3,2519,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands, New Zealand""], ""Description"": ""More than half the speakers live in New Zealand""}",,,bib7938,no +2519-context-1,2519,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, New Zealand M\u0101ori"", ""Government Support"": ""official language alongside English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Rarotangan is often considered the high variety among the dialects. Despite a loss of speakers, the language is considered by many to be an important part of their identity. Older people express disappointment that few younger people speak the language, while younger people feel discouraged by their elders when trying to learn."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ipukarea Society of Auckland University of Technology (AUT)""}",,"Advanced shift to English. Many older people also speak New Zealand Māori, Tahitian, and other regional indigenous languages due to having attended school away from the Southern Cook Islands. There is a lack of qualified Cook Islands Māori grade-school instructors in the diaspora, though some community courses are offered. The language is still prevalent in the performing arts.",bib5535,yes +2519-context-2,2519,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,English is the preferred language of members of the young generation.,bib7963,no +2519-location-1,2519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.2343, -159.7837]]}",,,bib5330,no +2519-location-2,2519,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands including Rarotonga, Aitutaki, Mangaia, 'Atiu, Ma'uke, and Miti'aro""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, -156.0], [-23.0, -167.0]]}",,Also spoken amongst diaspora populations in New Zealand and Australia,bib5535,yes +2519-location-3,2519,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands, New Zealand""], ""Description"": ""More than half the speakers live in New Zealand""}",,,bib7963,no 2519-location-4,2519,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands"", ""New Zealand"", ""French Polynesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2519-speaker_number-1,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2519-speakers-1,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""43,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2519-speaker_number-2,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5511,yes -2519-speakers-2,2519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5511,yes -2519-speaker_number-3,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speakers were reported as totaling 43,000 one to two decades ago",bib7938,no -2519-speakers-3,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speakers were reported as totaling 43,000 one to two decades ago",bib7938,no +2519-speaker_number-1,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2519-speakers-1,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""43,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2519-speaker_number-2,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5535,yes +2519-speakers-2,2519,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5535,yes +2519-speaker_number-3,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speakers were reported as totaling 43,000 one to two decades ago",bib7963,no +2519-speakers-3,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speakers were reported as totaling 43,000 one to two decades ago",bib7963,no 2519-speaker_number-4,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2519-speakers-4,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,669"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2519-speaker_number-5,2519,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,300 in Cook Islands (2008). Population total all countries: 33,220",bib67,no 2519-speakers-5,2519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,300 in Cook Islands (2008). Population total all countries: 33,220",bib67,no -2519-LEI-1,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2519-vitality-1,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2519-LEI-1,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2519-vitality-1,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2519-LEI-2,2519,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"EGIDS 7-8a; -90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5511,yes +90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5535,yes 2519-transmission-2,2519,transmission,2,transmission-2,"EGIDS 7-8a; -90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5511,yes +90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5535,yes 2519-domains_of_use-2,2519,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"EGIDS 7-8a; -90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5511,yes +90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5535,yes 2519-speaker_number_trends-2,2519,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"EGIDS 7-8a; -90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5511,yes +90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5535,yes 2519-vitality-2,2519,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"EGIDS 7-8a; -90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5511,yes -2519-LEI-3,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language use and speaker numbers are rapidly decreasing, especially in the diaspora.",bib7938,no -2519-vitality-3,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Language use and speaker numbers are rapidly decreasing, especially in the diaspora.",bib7938,no +90% of Cook Islands people live abroad. In New Zealand, 68% of Cook Islands people under 65 years of age and 80% under 30 years of age are monolingual English speakers. In the Cook Islands, increasing numbers of young people are monolingual in English or passive bilinguals, though the language is used in all domains including online. (Numbers unavailable for Australia). Cook Islands Māori is used by older speakers in some religious contexts and particular media programs as well as in welcoming ceremonies.",bib5535,yes +2519-LEI-3,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language use and speaker numbers are rapidly decreasing, especially in the diaspora.",bib7963,no +2519-vitality-3,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Language use and speaker numbers are rapidly decreasing, especially in the diaspora.",bib7963,no 2519-LEI-4,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2519-vitality-4,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2519-LEI-5,2519,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2519-vitality-5,2519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2520-context-1,2520,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speaker attitudes have become very positive in the past 20-30 years, with a growing interest in language maintenance."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community speaks Spanish""}",,,bib4867,yes -2520-context-2,2520,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7938,no -2520-location-1,2520,location,"{""Places"": [""Isla de Pascua""]}",,,bib2781,no +2520-context-1,2520,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Speaker attitudes have become very positive in the past 20-30 years, with a growing interest in language maintenance."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community speaks Spanish""}",,,bib4889,yes +2520-context-2,2520,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7963,no +2520-location-1,2520,location,"{""Places"": [""Isla de Pascua""]}",,,bib2795,no 2520-location-2,2520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.1166666667, -109.366666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2520-location-3,2520,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""French Polynesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2520-location-4,2520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.108, -109.3579]]}",,,bib5307,no -2520-location-5,2520,location,"{""Places"": [""Easter Island, Chile""]}",,,bib7938,no +2520-location-4,2520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.108, -109.3579]]}",,,bib5330,no +2520-location-5,2520,location,"{""Places"": [""Easter Island, Chile""]}",,,bib7963,no 2520-speaker_number-1,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,390 in Chile (2000). 2,200 on Easter Island; 200 to 300 on Chile mainland, Tahiti, and USA. Ethnic population: 3,500. 2,400 in Chile (Wurm 2007). Population total all countries: 2,700 (2013).",bib67,no 2520-speakers-1,2520,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,390 in Chile (2000). 2,200 on Easter Island; 200 to 300 on Chile mainland, Tahiti, and USA. Ethnic population: 3,500. 2,400 in Chile (Wurm 2007). Population total all countries: 2,700 (2013).",bib67,no -2520-speaker_number-2,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2520-speakers-2,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2520-speaker_number-3,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimate is approximate. Although the ethnic population is around three thousand, Makihara observes that most children and teenagers are not fluent speakers of Rapa Nui. This is the result of the domination of Spanish on the Island.",bib4867,yes -2520-speakers-3,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimate is approximate. Although the ethnic population is around three thousand, Makihara observes that most children and teenagers are not fluent speakers of Rapa Nui. This is the result of the domination of Spanish on the Island.",bib4867,yes -2520-speaker_number-4,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,200 on Easter Island",bib7938,no -2520-speakers-4,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400-2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,200 on Easter Island",bib7938,no +2520-speaker_number-2,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2520-speakers-2,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2520-speaker_number-3,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimate is approximate. Although the ethnic population is around three thousand, Makihara observes that most children and teenagers are not fluent speakers of Rapa Nui. This is the result of the domination of Spanish on the Island.",bib4889,yes +2520-speakers-3,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimate is approximate. Although the ethnic population is around three thousand, Makihara observes that most children and teenagers are not fluent speakers of Rapa Nui. This is the result of the domination of Spanish on the Island.",bib4889,yes +2520-speaker_number-4,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,200 on Easter Island",bib7963,no +2520-speakers-4,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400-2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,200 on Easter Island",bib7963,no 2520-speaker_number-5,2520,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2520-speakers-5,2520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,392"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2520-LEI-1,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2520-vitality-1,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2520-LEI-2,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2520-vitality-2,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2520-LEI-3,2520,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4867,yes -2520-transmission-3,2520,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4867,yes -2520-speaker_number_trends-3,2520,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4867,yes -2520-vitality-3,2520,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4867,yes -2520-LEI-4,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Members of the young generation are losing interest in the language.,bib7938,no -2520-vitality-4,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Members of the young generation are losing interest in the language.,bib7938,no +2520-LEI-2,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2520-vitality-2,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2520-LEI-3,2520,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4889,yes +2520-transmission-3,2520,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4889,yes +2520-speaker_number_trends-3,2520,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4889,yes +2520-vitality-3,2520,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A pure form or Rapa Nui, which does not use Spanish loans, is popular in local political discourse, but the Rapa nui spoken by most speakers has heavy Spanish influence.",bib4889,yes +2520-LEI-4,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Members of the young generation are losing interest in the language.,bib7963,no +2520-vitality-4,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Members of the young generation are losing interest in the language.,bib7963,no 2520-LEI-5,2520,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2520-vitality-5,2520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2525-context-1,2525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, Yuaga, French""}",,Under pressure from neighboring languages and French.,bib7937,no +2525-context-1,2525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, Yuaga, French""}",,Under pressure from neighboring languages and French.,bib7962,no 2525-location-1,2525,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -2525-location-2,2525,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8074, 164.5367]]}",,,bib5307,no -2525-location-3,2525,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, on the coast and hinterland on the southwestern side, around Boyen.""}",,,bib7937,no +2525-location-2,2525,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8074, 164.5367]]}",,,bib5330,no +2525-location-3,2525,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, on the coast and hinterland on the southwestern side, around Boyen.""}",,,bib7962,no 2525-location-4,2525,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2525-speaker_number-1,2525,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 2525-speakers-1,2525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -2525-speaker_number-2,2525,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2525-speakers-2,2525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2525-speaker_number-2,2525,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2525-speakers-2,2525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2525-speaker_number-4,2525,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2525-speakers-4,2525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2525-speaker_number-5,2525,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2525-speakers-5,2525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2525-LEI-1,2525,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 2525-vitality-1,2525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -2525-LEI-2,2525,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2525-vitality-2,2525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2525-LEI-2,2525,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2525-vitality-2,2525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2525-LEI-3,2525,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2525-vitality-3,2525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2525-LEI-4,2525,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2525-vitality-4,2525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2526-context-1,2526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, French""}",,Under pressure from Jawe and French,bib7938,no +2526-context-1,2526,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, French""}",,Under pressure from Jawe and French,bib7963,no 2526-location-1,2526,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -2526-location-2,2526,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8767, 164.7413]]}",,,bib5307,no -2526-location-3,2526,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, inland on the southwestern side, around and northeast of Temata, inland from Voh.""}",,,bib7938,no +2526-location-2,2526,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8767, 164.7413]]}",,,bib5330,no +2526-location-3,2526,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, inland on the southwestern side, around and northeast of Temata, inland from Voh.""}",,,bib7963,no 2526-location-4,2526,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2526-speaker_number-1,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 2526-speakers-1,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""292"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -2526-speaker_number-2,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2526-speakers-2,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2526-speaker_number-3,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1974, 325 speakers were reported. Today the speakers are somewhat less.",bib7938,no -2526-speakers-3,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1974, 325 speakers were reported. Today the speakers are somewhat less.",bib7938,no +2526-speaker_number-2,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2526-speakers-2,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2526-speaker_number-3,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1974, 325 speakers were reported. Today the speakers are somewhat less.",bib7963,no +2526-speakers-3,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1974, 325 speakers were reported. Today the speakers are somewhat less.",bib7963,no 2526-speaker_number-4,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2526-speakers-4,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2526-speaker_number-5,2526,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2526-speakers-5,2526,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2526-LEI-1,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 2526-vitality-1,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -2526-LEI-2,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2526-vitality-2,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2526-LEI-3,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7938,no -2526-vitality-3,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7938,no +2526-LEI-2,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2526-vitality-2,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2526-LEI-3,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7963,no +2526-vitality-3,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning not to learn the language.,bib7963,no 2526-LEI-4,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2526-vitality-4,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2526-LEI-5,2526,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2526-vitality-5,2526,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2527-location-1,2527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6021, 114.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -2527-location-2,2527,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sarawak. Spoken on the Lower Linau River (southern arm of the Upper Rejang River). West of Long Geng, southeast of Belaga.""}",,,bib7938,no +2527-location-1,2527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6021, 114.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +2527-location-2,2527,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sarawak. Spoken on the Lower Linau River (southern arm of the Upper Rejang River). West of Long Geng, southeast of Belaga.""}",,,bib7963,no 2527-location-3,2527,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2527-speaker_number-1,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2527-speakers-1,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2527-speaker_number-2,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7938,no -2527-speakers-2,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7938,no +2527-speaker_number-1,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2527-speakers-1,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2527-speaker_number-2,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7963,no +2527-speakers-2,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7963,no 2527-speaker_number-3,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2527-speakers-3,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2527-speaker_number-4,2527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2527-speakers-4,2527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2527-LEI-1,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2527-vitality-1,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2527-LEI-2,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2527-vitality-2,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2527-LEI-1,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2527-vitality-1,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2527-LEI-2,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2527-vitality-2,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2527-LEI-3,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2527-vitality-3,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2527-LEI-4,2527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2527-vitality-4,2527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2528-context-1,2528,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Butmas-tur""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Butumas-tur language,bib7938,yes -2528-location-1,2528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4907, 167.0814]]}",,,bib5307,no -2528-location-2,2528,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.581852, 167.076314]]}",,,bib395,no -2528-location-3,2528,location,"{""Places"": [""Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeast interior of Santo""}",,,bib7938,yes +2528-context-1,2528,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Butmas-tur""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Butumas-tur language,bib7963,yes +2528-location-1,2528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4907, 167.0814]]}",,,bib5330,no +2528-location-2,2528,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.581852, 167.076314]]}",,,bib396,no +2528-location-3,2528,location,"{""Places"": [""Santo, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeast interior of Santo""}",,,bib7963,yes 2528-location-4,2528,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -2528-speaker_number-1,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2528-speakers-1,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2528-speaker_number-2,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -2528-speakers-2,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -2528-speaker_number-3,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 225 speakers were reported. Today there may be around 120.",bib7938,yes -2528-speakers-3,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 225 speakers were reported. Today there may be around 120.",bib7938,yes +2528-speaker_number-1,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2528-speakers-1,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2528-speaker_number-2,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +2528-speakers-2,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +2528-speaker_number-3,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 225 speakers were reported. Today there may be around 120.",bib7963,yes +2528-speakers-3,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 225 speakers were reported. Today there may be around 120.",bib7963,yes 2528-speaker_number-4,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2528-speakers-4,2528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2528-speaker_number-5,2528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,no 2528-speakers-5,2528,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,no -2528-LEI-1,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2528-vitality-1,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2528-LEI-2,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -2528-vitality-2,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -2528-LEI-3,2528,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Very few children learn the language.,bib7938,yes -2528-transmission-3,2528,transmission,3,transmission-3,Very few children learn the language.,bib7938,yes -2528-vitality-3,2528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Very few children learn the language.,bib7938,yes +2528-LEI-1,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2528-vitality-1,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2528-LEI-2,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +2528-vitality-2,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +2528-LEI-3,2528,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Very few children learn the language.,bib7963,yes +2528-transmission-3,2528,transmission,3,transmission-3,Very few children learn the language.,bib7963,yes +2528-vitality-3,2528,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Very few children learn the language.,bib7963,yes 2528-LEI-4,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2528-vitality-4,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2528-LEI-5,2528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2528-vitality-5,2528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2529-context-1,2529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fwai, French""}",,Under pressure from Fwai and French,bib7938,no +2529-context-1,2529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fwai, French""}",,Under pressure from Fwai and French,bib7963,no 2529-location-1,2529,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -2529-location-2,2529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.7869, 164.9487]]}",,,bib5307,no -2529-location-3,2529,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, mainly inland on the northeastern side, around Tiendanite.""}",,,bib7938,no +2529-location-2,2529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.7869, 164.9487]]}",,,bib5330,no +2529-location-3,2529,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, mainly inland on the northeastern side, around Tiendanite.""}",,,bib7963,no 2529-location-4,2529,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2529-speaker_number-1,2529,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 2529-speakers-1,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""183"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -2529-speaker_number-2,2529,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2529-speakers-2,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""161"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2529-speaker_number-3,2529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1982, 100 speakers were reported. Today there are many fewer.",bib7938,no -2529-speakers-3,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1982, 100 speakers were reported. Today there are many fewer.",bib7938,no +2529-speaker_number-2,2529,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2529-speakers-2,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""161"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2529-speaker_number-3,2529,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1982, 100 speakers were reported. Today there are many fewer.",bib7963,no +2529-speakers-3,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1982, 100 speakers were reported. Today there are many fewer.",bib7963,no 2529-speaker_number-4,2529,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2529-speakers-4,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""161"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2529-speaker_number-5,2529,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2529-speakers-5,2529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2529-LEI-1,2529,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 2529-vitality-1,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -2529-LEI-2,2529,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2529-vitality-2,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2529-LEI-3,2529,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2529-vitality-3,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2529-LEI-2,2529,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2529-vitality-2,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2529-LEI-3,2529,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2529-vitality-3,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2529-LEI-4,2529,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2529-vitality-4,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2529-LEI-5,2529,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2529-vitality-5,2529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2545-location-1,2545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0, -73.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2545-location-2,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"La Guajira and Cesar departments, south and east slopes of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.",bib67,no -2545-location-3,2545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.9196, -73.4985]]}",,,bib5307,no -2545-location-4,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Cesar, to\nthe northeast of Valledupar, bordering the departments of Guajira and Magdalena, on the northeastern slope of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, between the Guatapuri, Barcino, Guamaca, Cesar and Badillo rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2545-location-5,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2545-location-6,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +2545-location-3,2545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.9196, -73.4985]]}",,,bib5330,no +2545-location-4,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Cesar, to\nthe northeast of Valledupar, bordering the departments of Guajira and Magdalena, on the northeastern slope of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, between the Guatapuri, Barcino, Guamaca, Cesar and Badillo rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2545-location-5,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2545-location-6,2545,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 2545-speaker_number-1,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Unchanged 2016).,bib67,no 2545-speakers-1,2545,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Unchanged 2016).,bib67,no -2545-speaker_number-2,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2545-speakers-2,2545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2545-speaker_number-3,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2545-speakers-3,2545,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2545-speaker_number-2,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2545-speakers-2,2545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2545-speaker_number-3,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2545-speakers-3,2545,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2545-speaker_number-4,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2545-speakers-4,2545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2545-speaker_number-5,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2545-speakers-5,2545,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1922"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,922"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes -2545-speaker_number-6,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,922; Censo 2005: 10,703",bib6064,no -2545-speakers-6,2545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,922"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,922; Censo 2005: 10,703",bib6064,no +2545-speaker_number-5,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2545-speakers-5,2545,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1922"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,922"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes +2545-speaker_number-6,2545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,922; Censo 2005: 10,703",bib6088,no +2545-speakers-6,2545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,922"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,922; Censo 2005: 10,703",bib6088,no 2545-LEI-1,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2545-vitality-1,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2545-LEI-2,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2545-vitality-2,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2545-LEI-3,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,no -2545-vitality-3,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,no +2545-LEI-2,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2545-vitality-2,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2545-LEI-3,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,no +2545-vitality-3,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,no 2545-LEI-4,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2545-vitality-4,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2545-LEI-5,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2545-vitality-5,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2545-LEI-6,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -2545-vitality-6,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -2546-context-1,2546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Bininj Gun-wok, Kunbarlang, Iwaidja, Maningrida"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak English, most speak another indigenous language.""}",,Mawng has always served as the dominant language at Martpalk,bib6853,yes -2546-context-2,2546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Gunwinygu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The speakers are bilingual in English or Gunwinygu.,bib5309,no -2546-location-2,2546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.06446118, 133.060671]]}",,,bib1182,no +2545-LEI-5,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2545-vitality-5,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2545-LEI-6,2545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +2545-vitality-6,2545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +2546-context-1,2546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Bininj Gun-wok, Kunbarlang, Iwaidja, Maningrida"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak English, most speak another indigenous language.""}",,Mawng has always served as the dominant language at Martpalk,bib6877,yes +2546-context-2,2546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Gunwinygu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The speakers are bilingual in English or Gunwinygu.,bib5332,no +2546-location-2,2546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.06446118, 133.060671]]}",,,bib1191,no 2546-location-3,2546,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2546-location-4,2546,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, Goulburn Island.""]}",,,bib5309,no -2546-speaker_number-1,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2546-speakers-1,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -2546-speaker_number-2,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6853,yes -2546-speakers-2,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6853,yes +2546-location-4,2546,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, Goulburn Island.""]}",,,bib5332,no +2546-speaker_number-1,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2546-speakers-1,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +2546-speaker_number-2,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6877,yes +2546-speakers-2,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6877,yes 2546-speaker_number-3,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2546-speakers-3,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no 2546-speaker_number-4,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2546-speakers-4,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no -2546-speaker_number-5,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2511,no -2546-speakers-5,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2511,no -2546-speaker_number-6,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2546-speakers-6,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2546-speaker_number-5,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2524,no +2546-speakers-5,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2524,no +2546-speaker_number-6,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2546-speakers-6,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2546-speaker_number-7,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2546-speakers-7,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2546-speaker_number-8,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 200 speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -2546-speakers-8,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 200 speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -2546-LEI-1,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2546-vitality-1,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -2546-LEI-2,2546,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6853,yes -2546-transmission-2,2546,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6853,yes -2546-domains_of_use-2,2546,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib6853,yes -2546-speaker_number_trends-2,2546,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6853,yes -2546-vitality-2,2546,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6853,yes +2546-speaker_number-8,2546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 200 speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +2546-speakers-8,2546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 200 speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +2546-LEI-1,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2546-vitality-1,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +2546-LEI-2,2546,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6877,yes +2546-transmission-2,2546,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6877,yes +2546-domains_of_use-2,2546,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib6877,yes +2546-speaker_number_trends-2,2546,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6877,yes +2546-vitality-2,2546,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6877,yes 2546-LEI-3,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2546-vitality-3,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 2546-LEI-4,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2546-vitality-4,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2546-LEI-5,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -2546-vitality-5,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no -2546-LEI-6,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2546-vitality-6,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2546-LEI-5,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +2546-vitality-5,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no +2546-LEI-6,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2546-vitality-6,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2546-LEI-7,2546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2546-vitality-7,2546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2546-LEI-8,2546,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -2546-transmission-8,2546,transmission,1,transmission-1,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -2546-domains_of_use-8,2546,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -2546-speaker_number_trends-8,2546,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -2546-vitality-8,2546,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5309,no +2546-LEI-8,2546,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +2546-transmission-8,2546,transmission,1,transmission-1,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +2546-domains_of_use-8,2546,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +2546-speaker_number_trends-8,2546,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +2546-vitality-8,2546,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The children are beginning not to use Maung. It is getting potentially endangered.,bib5332,no 2547-location-1,2547,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.25, -67.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2547-location-2,2547,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas, across the river from São Gabriel de Cachoeira, just below the confluence of the Vaupés and Negro rivers.",bib67,no -2547-location-3,2547,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.2197, -68.7744]]}",,,bib5307,no -2547-location-4,2547,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, Upper Rio Negro/Vaupes region, Terra Ind\u0131gena Medio Rio Negro I, one community across the river from Sa\u02dco Gabrielda Cachoeira, a county seat just below the confluence of the Vaupes and Negro rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2547-location-5,2547,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2547-location-3,2547,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.2197, -68.7744]]}",,,bib5330,no +2547-location-4,2547,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, Upper Rio Negro/Vaupes region, Terra Ind\u0131gena Medio Rio Negro I, one community across the river from Sa\u02dco Gabrielda Cachoeira, a county seat just below the confluence of the Vaupes and Negro rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2547-location-5,2547,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2547-speaker_number-1,2547,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from ALEM (1994).,bib67,no 2547-speakers-1,2547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from ALEM (1994).,bib67,no -2547-speaker_number-2,2547,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2547-speakers-2,2547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2547-speaker_number-3,2547,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2547-speakers-3,2547,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~85"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +2547-speaker_number-2,2547,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2547-speakers-2,2547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2547-speaker_number-3,2547,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2547-speakers-3,2547,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~85"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2547-speaker_number-4,2547,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2547-speakers-4,2547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2547-speaker_number-5,2547,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2547-speakers-5,2547,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2547-speaker_number-5,2547,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2547-speakers-5,2547,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2547-LEI-1,2547,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2547-vitality-1,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2547-LEI-2,2547,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2547-vitality-2,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2547-LEI-3,2547,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,no -2547-vitality-3,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,no +2547-LEI-2,2547,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2547-vitality-2,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2547-LEI-3,2547,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,no +2547-vitality-3,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,no 2547-LEI-4,2547,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2547-vitality-4,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2547-LEI-5,2547,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2547-vitality-5,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2547-LEI-5,2547,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2547-vitality-5,2547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2548-location-1,2548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.91666666667, 144.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2548-location-2,2548,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2548-location-3,2548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.9201, 144.0472]]}",,,bib5307,no +2548-location-3,2548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.9201, 144.0472]]}",,,bib5330,no 2548-speaker_number-1,2548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2548-speakers-1,2548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2548-speaker_number-2,2548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2548-speakers-2,2548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -2548-speaker_number-3,2548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2548-speakers-3,2548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2548-speaker_number-3,2548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2548-speakers-3,2548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2548-speaker_number-4,2548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2548-speakers-4,2548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2548-LEI-1,2548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2548-vitality-1,2548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2548-LEI-2,2548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2548-vitality-2,2548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2548-LEI-3,2548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2548-vitality-3,2548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2548-LEI-3,2548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2548-vitality-3,2548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2548-LEI-4,2548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2548-vitality-4,2548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2549-context-1,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Mirima Dawang Woorlab-gerring language and culture centre""}",,,bib8,no -2549-context-2,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimberley Kriol""}",,Dictionary created by Frances Kofod in 2009. Language classes geared toward children.,bib5643,yes +2549-context-2,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimberley Kriol""}",,Dictionary created by Frances Kofod in 2009. Language classes geared toward children.,bib5667,yes 2549-context-3,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol [rop]""}",,,bib69,no -2549-context-4,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Young people only use the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol today, and some old people still speak Miriwung. Most of them speak Kriol.",bib5309,no -2549-location-1,2549,location,"{""Places"": [""Kununurra area in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia""]}",,,bib5643,yes -2549-location-2,2549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.01698315, 128.7965195]]}",,,bib1182,no +2549-context-4,2549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Young people only use the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol today, and some old people still speak Miriwung. Most of them speak Kriol.",bib5332,no +2549-location-1,2549,location,"{""Places"": [""Kununurra area in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia""]}",,,bib5667,yes +2549-location-2,2549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.01698315, 128.7965195]]}",,,bib1191,no 2549-location-3,2549,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Kununurra, Turkey creek; extends into Northern Territory towards mouth of Victoria river.""}",,,bib69,no -2549-location-4,2549,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northeastern corner of Western Australia, at Kununurra, southeast of Wyndham and north of lake Argyle.""], ""Description"": ""Also at Turkey Creek further south.""}",,,bib5309,no -2549-speaker_number-1,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2549-speakers-1,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -2549-speaker_number-2,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older.,bib5643,yes -2549-speakers-2,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older.,bib5643,yes +2549-location-4,2549,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northeastern corner of Western Australia, at Kununurra, southeast of Wyndham and north of lake Argyle.""], ""Description"": ""Also at Turkey Creek further south.""}",,,bib5332,no +2549-speaker_number-1,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2549-speakers-1,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +2549-speaker_number-2,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older.,bib5667,yes +2549-speakers-2,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older.,bib5667,yes 2549-speaker_number-3,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2549-speakers-3,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2549-speaker_number-4,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2549-speakers-4,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2549-speaker_number-4,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2549-speakers-4,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2549-speaker_number-5,2549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2549-speakers-5,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2549-speaker_number-6,2549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 2549-speakers-6,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -2549-speaker_number-7,2549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 10 to 20 fluent speakers were reported, and 350 partial speakers in 1983.",bib5309,no -2549-speakers-7,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983, 1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""350""}",,"In 1990, 10 to 20 fluent speakers were reported, and 350 partial speakers in 1983.",bib5309,no -2549-LEI-1,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2549-vitality-1,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2549-speaker_number-7,2549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 10 to 20 fluent speakers were reported, and 350 partial speakers in 1983.",bib5332,no +2549-speakers-7,2549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983, 1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""350""}",,"In 1990, 10 to 20 fluent speakers were reported, and 350 partial speakers in 1983.",bib5332,no +2549-LEI-1,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2549-vitality-1,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2549-LEI-2,2549,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The first revitalisation efforts go back to the early 1970s when a group of Miriwoong elders formed the Mirima Council and started a number of initiatives, including working with a linguist."" ""All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older. There are only a handful of moderately fluent speakers in the 40–60 age group but Miriwoong is not their primary language and they do not have comprehensive grammatical proficiency."" ""Based on the Language Endangerment Status Indicator from the National Indigenous -Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5643,yes +Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5667,yes 2549-transmission-2,2549,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The first revitalisation efforts go back to the early 1970s when a group of Miriwoong elders formed the Mirima Council and started a number of initiatives, including working with a linguist."" ""All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older. There are only a handful of moderately fluent speakers in the 40–60 age group but Miriwoong is not their primary language and they do not have comprehensive grammatical proficiency."" ""Based on the Language Endangerment Status Indicator from the National Indigenous -Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5643,yes +Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5667,yes 2549-speaker_number_trends-2,2549,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The first revitalisation efforts go back to the early 1970s when a group of Miriwoong elders formed the Mirima Council and started a number of initiatives, including working with a linguist."" ""All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older. There are only a handful of moderately fluent speakers in the 40–60 age group but Miriwoong is not their primary language and they do not have comprehensive grammatical proficiency."" ""Based on the Language Endangerment Status Indicator from the National Indigenous -Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5643,yes +Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5667,yes 2549-vitality-2,2549,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The first revitalisation efforts go back to the early 1970s when a group of Miriwoong elders formed the Mirima Council and started a number of initiatives, including working with a linguist."" ""All fluent speakers who use Miriwoong as their first language are 60 years of age or older. There are only a handful of moderately fluent speakers in the 40–60 age group but Miriwoong is not their primary language and they do not have comprehensive grammatical proficiency."" ""Based on the Language Endangerment Status Indicator from the National Indigenous -Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5643,yes +Languages Survey Report (Australian Institute of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies 2005), Miriwoong can be classified as severely to critically endangered.",bib5667,yes 2549-LEI-3,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2549-vitality-3,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2549-LEI-4,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2549-vitality-4,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2549-LEI-4,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2549-vitality-4,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2549-LEI-5,2549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2549-vitality-5,2549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2549-LEI-6,2549,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only older adults.,bib69,no 2549-transmission-6,2549,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only older adults.,bib69,no 2549-vitality-6,2549,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Only older adults.,bib69,no -2549-LEI-7,2549,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -2549-transmission-7,2549,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -2549-domains_of_use-7,2549,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -2549-speaker_number_trends-7,2549,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -2549-vitality-7,2549,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5309,no -2550-context-1,2550,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, other Aboriginal languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most speakers are bilingual in English and other Aboriginal languages.,bib5309,yes +2549-LEI-7,2549,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +2549-transmission-7,2549,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +2549-domains_of_use-7,2549,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +2549-speaker_number_trends-7,2549,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +2549-vitality-7,2549,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is seriously endangered and is heading towards being moribund.,bib5332,no +2550-context-1,2550,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, other Aboriginal languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most speakers are bilingual in English and other Aboriginal languages.,bib5332,yes 2550-location-1,2550,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2550-location-2,2550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.37280975, 132.0454005]]}",,,bib1182,no -2550-location-3,2550,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, Victoria River to Barkly Tablelands""]}",,,bib5309,yes -2550-speaker_number-1,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2550-speakers-1,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2550-location-2,2550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.37280975, 132.0454005]]}",,,bib1191,no +2550-location-3,2550,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, Victoria River to Barkly Tablelands""]}",,,bib5332,yes +2550-speaker_number-1,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2550-speakers-1,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2550-speaker_number-2,2550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2550-speakers-2,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2550-speaker_number-3,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2550-speakers-3,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2550-speaker_number-4,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2550-speakers-4,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2550-speaker_number-4,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2550-speakers-4,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2550-speaker_number-5,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2550-speakers-5,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2550-speaker_number-6,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Speaker numbers are decreasing.",bib5309,yes -2550-speakers-6,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Speaker numbers are decreasing.",bib5309,yes -2550-LEI-1,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2550-vitality-1,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2550-speaker_number-6,2550,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Speaker numbers are decreasing.",bib5332,yes +2550-speakers-6,2550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Speaker numbers are decreasing.",bib5332,yes +2550-LEI-1,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2550-vitality-1,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2550-LEI-2,2550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2550-vitality-2,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2550-LEI-3,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2550-vitality-3,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2550-LEI-4,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2550-vitality-4,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2550-LEI-4,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2550-vitality-4,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2550-LEI-5,2550,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2550-vitality-5,2550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2550-LEI-6,2550,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2550-transmission-6,2550,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2550-domains_of_use-6,2550,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2550-speaker_number_trends-6,2550,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -2550-vitality-6,2550,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes +2550-LEI-6,2550,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2550-transmission-6,2550,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2550-domains_of_use-6,2550,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2550-speaker_number_trends-6,2550,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +2550-vitality-6,2550,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... The language is endangered and becoming seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes 2551-context-3,2551,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Used in education""}",,Dictionary. Grammar. Bible portions: 1982–1990.,bib68,no 2551-location-1,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2551-location-2,2551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.64409151, 129.7406449]]}",,,bib1182,no -2551-location-3,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""]}",,,bib5566,no -2551-location-4,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Wadeye, Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.236681, 129.521756]]}",,Murrinh-Patha is a language from Wadeye (Port Keats) in the Northern Territory. Murrinh-Patha is the common language of the region and is gaining speakers.,bib7416,yes -2551-location-5,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""West coast of the Northern Territory""}",,,bib7683,no +2551-location-2,2551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.64409151, 129.7406449]]}",,,bib1191,no +2551-location-3,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""]}",,,bib5590,no +2551-location-4,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Wadeye, Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.236681, 129.521756]]}",,Murrinh-Patha is a language from Wadeye (Port Keats) in the Northern Territory. Murrinh-Patha is the common language of the region and is gaining speakers.,bib7440,yes +2551-location-5,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""West coast of the Northern Territory""}",,,bib7708,no 2551-location-6,2551,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Port Keats area, Wadeye""}",,,bib68,no -2551-speaker_number-1,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2551-speakers-1,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2551-speaker_number-1,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2551-speakers-1,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2551-speaker_number-2,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2551-speakers-2,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2551-speaker_number-3,2551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2551-speakers-3,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -2551-speaker_number-4,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3333,no -2551-speakers-4,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3333,no +2551-speaker_number-4,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3350,no +2551-speakers-4,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3350,no 2551-speaker_number-5,2551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The respondent reported that the number of people who identify with Murrinh-Patha is over 1000; it is -likely that all of these people have some language knowledge, many as full speakers.",bib7416,yes +likely that all of these people have some language knowledge, many as full speakers.",bib7440,yes 2551-speakers-5,2551,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": "">500"", ""Young Adults"": "">1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": "">100""}",,"The respondent reported that the number of people who identify with Murrinh-Patha is over 1000; it is -likely that all of these people have some language knowledge, many as full speakers.",bib7416,yes -2551-speaker_number-6,2551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7683,no -2551-speakers-6,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7683,no +likely that all of these people have some language knowledge, many as full speakers.",bib7440,yes +2551-speaker_number-6,2551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7708,no +2551-speakers-6,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7708,no 2551-speaker_number-7,2551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 2551-speakers-7,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 2551-speaker_number-8,2551,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2551-speakers-8,2551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2551-LEI-1,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2551-vitality-1,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2551-LEI-1,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2551-vitality-1,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2551-LEI-2,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2551-vitality-2,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2551-LEI-3,2551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2551-vitality-3,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2551-LEI-4,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,no -2551-vitality-4,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3333,no -2551-LEI-5,2551,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7416,yes -2551-transmission-5,2551,transmission,2,transmission-2,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7416,yes -2551-speaker_number_trends-5,2551,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7416,yes -2551-vitality-5,2551,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7416,yes -2551-LEI-6,2551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7683,no -2551-vitality-6,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7683,no +2551-LEI-4,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,no +2551-vitality-4,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3350,no +2551-LEI-5,2551,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7440,yes +2551-transmission-5,2551,transmission,2,transmission-2,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7440,yes +2551-speaker_number_trends-5,2551,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7440,yes +2551-vitality-5,2551,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Murrinh-patha is the lingua franca of the community so it is a strong language,bib7440,yes +2551-LEI-6,2551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7708,no +2551-vitality-6,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7708,no 2551-LEI-7,2551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Children learn it as L1 (2007)."" Speaker number is increasing.",bib68,no 2551-vitality-7,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Children learn it as L1 (2007)."" Speaker number is increasing.",bib68,no 2551-LEI-8,2551,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2551-vitality-8,2551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2552-context-1,2552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burarra, Djeebanna"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,People generally are bilingual in the neighbouring larger languages Burarra and Djeebanna.,bib5309,yes +2552-context-1,2552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burarra, Djeebanna"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,People generally are bilingual in the neighbouring larger languages Burarra and Djeebanna.,bib5332,yes 2552-location-1,2552,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2552-location-2,2552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.166817, 134.486542]]}",,,bib7945,no -2552-location-3,2552,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northeastern Arnhem Land, Maningrida, Goulburn Island""]}",,,bib5309,yes -2552-speakers-1,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7422,no +2552-location-2,2552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.166817, 134.486542]]}",,,bib7970,no +2552-location-3,2552,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, northeastern Arnhem Land, Maningrida, Goulburn Island""]}",,,bib5332,yes +2552-speakers-1,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7446,no 2552-speaker_number-2,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,75 (Black 1983),bib67,no 2552-speakers-2,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,75 (Black 1983),bib67,no 2552-speaker_number-3,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2552-speakers-3,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2552-speaker_number-4,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2552-speakers-4,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2552-speaker_number-4,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2552-speakers-4,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2552-speaker_number-5,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2552-speakers-5,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2552-speaker_number-6,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 75 to 100 speakers were reported.",bib5309,yes -2552-speakers-6,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 75 to 100 speakers were reported.",bib5309,yes +2552-speaker_number-6,2552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 75 to 100 speakers were reported.",bib5332,yes +2552-speakers-6,2552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 75 to 100 speakers were reported.",bib5332,yes 2552-LEI-1,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2552-vitality-1,2552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2552-LEI-2,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2552-vitality-2,2552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2552-LEI-3,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2552-vitality-3,2552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2552-LEI-3,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2552-vitality-3,2552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2552-LEI-4,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2552-vitality-4,2552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2552-LEI-5,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is getting endangered.,bib5309,yes -2552-transmission-5,2552,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is getting endangered.,bib5309,yes -2552-domains_of_use-5,2552,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is getting endangered.,bib5309,yes -2552-speaker_number_trends-5,2552,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The language is getting endangered.,bib5309,yes -2552-vitality-5,2552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is getting endangered.,bib5309,yes -2553-context-1,2553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no +2552-LEI-5,2552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is getting endangered.,bib5332,yes +2552-transmission-5,2552,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is getting endangered.,bib5332,yes +2552-domains_of_use-5,2552,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is getting endangered.,bib5332,yes +2552-speaker_number_trends-5,2552,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,The language is getting endangered.,bib5332,yes +2552-vitality-5,2552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is getting endangered.,bib5332,yes +2553-context-1,2553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no 2553-location-1,2553,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2553-location-2,2553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.268, 131.237]]}",,,bib3264,no -2553-speaker_number-1,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2553-speakers-1,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2553-location-2,2553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.268, 131.237]]}",,,bib3280,no +2553-speaker_number-1,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2553-speakers-1,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2553-speaker_number-2,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,220 (1996 census). 40 Ngengiwumerri (Black 1983).,bib67,no 2553-speakers-2,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,220 (1996 census). 40 Ngengiwumerri (Black 1983).,bib67,no 2553-speaker_number-3,2553,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib34,no 2553-speakers-3,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib34,no -2553-speaker_number-4,2553,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2553-speakers-4,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2553-speaker_number-5,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Less than 50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib7937,no -2553-speakers-5,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Less than 50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib7937,no +2553-speaker_number-4,2553,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2553-speakers-4,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2553-speaker_number-5,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Less than 50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib7962,no +2553-speakers-5,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Less than 50 speakers of the Ngan'gimerri variety.,bib7962,no 2553-speaker_number-6,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2553-speakers-6,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2553-speaker_number-7,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6214,yes -2553-speakers-7,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6214,yes -2553-LEI-1,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2553-vitality-1,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2553-speaker_number-7,2553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6238,yes +2553-speakers-7,2553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6238,yes +2553-LEI-1,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2553-vitality-1,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2553-LEI-2,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2553-vitality-2,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2553-LEI-3,2553,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2553-vitality-3,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2553-LEI-4,2553,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2553-vitality-4,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2553-LEI-5,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2553-vitality-5,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2553-LEI-4,2553,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2553-vitality-4,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2553-LEI-5,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2553-vitality-5,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2553-LEI-6,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2553-vitality-6,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2553-LEI-7,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6214,yes -2553-vitality-7,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6214,yes -2554-location-1,2554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.34203119, 133.7639065]]}",,,bib1182,no +2553-LEI-7,2553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6238,yes +2553-vitality-7,2553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6238,yes +2554-location-1,2554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.34203119, 133.7639065]]}",,,bib1191,no 2554-speaker_number-1,2554,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 2554-speakers-1,2554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 2554-LEI-1,2554,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 2554-vitality-1,2554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -2555-context-1,2555,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Northern Territory Department of Education""}",,I was employed by the Northern Territory Department of Education to carry out linguistic research in support of the development of the bilingual program.,bib5055,no +2555-context-1,2555,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Northern Territory Department of Education""}",,I was employed by the Northern Territory Department of Education to carry out linguistic research in support of the development of the bilingual program.,bib5077,no 2555-location-1,2555,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 2555-location-2,2555,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Ndj\u00e9bbana speakers traditionally owned lands on the eastern side of the mouth of the Liverpool River in central Arnhem Land (upstream almost as far as Bat Island), the two islands in the mouth of the river, lands stretching along the coast of the Arafura Sea eastwards from the Liverpool River and some adjacent inland territories in the vicinity of Gudjerama Creek (Karddjirr\u00e1ma), Tomkinson River and Cadell River (McKay 2000:157). \n\nCurrently speakers live in and around Maningrida McKay (2000:167)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.052455, 134.226545]]}",,,bib34,yes -2555-location-3,2555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1624, 134.253]]}",,,bib7945,no -2555-location-4,2555,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Maningrida, Arnhem Land"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.045029, 134.229557]]}",,,bib5055,no -2555-speaker_number-1,2555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2555-speakers-1,2555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2555-location-3,2555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1624, 134.253]]}",,,bib7970,no +2555-location-4,2555,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Maningrida, Arnhem Land"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.045029, 134.229557]]}",,,bib5077,no +2555-speaker_number-1,2555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2555-speakers-1,2555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2555-speakers-2,2555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100""}",,,bib67,no 2555-speaker_number-3,2555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,yes 2555-speakers-3,2555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""241"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,yes 2555-speaker_number-4,2555,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2555-speakers-4,2555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2555-LEI-1,2555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2555-vitality-1,2555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2555-LEI-1,2555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2555-vitality-1,2555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2555-LEI-2,2555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 2555-vitality-2,2555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 2555-LEI-3,2555,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2555-vitality-3,2555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2556-location-1,2556,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2556-location-2,2556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.983872, 127.007311]]}",,,bib7945,no -2556-location-3,2556,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia;""}",,,bib1387,yes +2556-location-2,2556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.983872, 127.007311]]}",,,bib7970,no +2556-location-3,2556,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia;""}",,,bib1399,yes 2556-speaker_number-1,2556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data gathered from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 2556-speakers-1,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""990"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data gathered from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 2556-speaker_number-2,2556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,AUSTLANG also notes 1000 speakers of Nyanganyatjara.,bib34,no 2556-speakers-2,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,AUSTLANG also notes 1000 speakers of Nyanganyatjara.,bib34,no -2556-speaker_number-3,2556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2556-speakers-3,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2556-speaker_number-3,2556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2556-speakers-3,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2556-speaker_number-4,2556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2556-speakers-4,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2556-speaker_number-5,2556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,yes -2556-speakers-5,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,yes +2556-speaker_number-5,2556,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,yes +2556-speakers-5,2556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,yes 2556-LEI-1,2556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2556-vitality-1,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2556-LEI-2,2556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2556-vitality-2,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2556-LEI-3,2556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2556-vitality-3,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2556-LEI-3,2556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2556-vitality-3,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2556-LEI-4,2556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2556-vitality-4,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2556-LEI-5,2556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,yes -2556-vitality-5,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,yes -2557-context-1,2557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,,bib7937,yes +2556-LEI-5,2556,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,yes +2556-vitality-5,2556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,yes +2557-context-1,2557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English""}",,,bib7962,yes 2557-location-1,2557,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2557-location-2,2557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.97501636, 131.9362017]]}",,,bib1182,no -2557-speaker_number-1,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2557-speakers-1,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2557-location-2,2557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.97501636, 131.9362017]]}",,,bib1191,no +2557-speaker_number-1,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2557-speakers-1,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2557-speaker_number-2,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,170 (Black 1983),bib67,no 2557-speakers-2,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,170 (Black 1983),bib67,no 2557-speaker_number-3,2557,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2557-speakers-3,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2557-speaker_number-4,2557,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2557-speakers-4,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2557-speaker_number-4,2557,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2557-speakers-4,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2557-speaker_number-5,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2557-speakers-5,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2557-speaker_number-6,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -2557-speakers-6,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes -2557-LEI-1,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2557-vitality-1,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2557-speaker_number-6,2557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +2557-speakers-6,2557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes +2557-LEI-1,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2557-vitality-1,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2557-LEI-2,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2557-vitality-2,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2557-LEI-3,2557,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2557-vitality-3,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2557-LEI-4,2557,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2557-vitality-4,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2557-LEI-4,2557,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2557-vitality-4,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2557-LEI-5,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2557-vitality-5,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2557-LEI-6,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2557-vitality-6,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2558-context-1,2558,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Deni speak some Portuguese.""}",,,bib1903,no +2557-LEI-6,2557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2557-vitality-6,2557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2558-context-1,2558,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Deni speak some Portuguese.""}",,,bib1915,no 2558-location-1,2558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2558-location-2,2558,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -2558-location-3,2558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5773, -68.1591]]}",,,bib5307,no -2558-location-4,2558,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"nine villages, six on the Cuniuá River and three on the Xeruã River.",bib4822,yes -2558-location-5,2558,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, between the Purus and Jurua rivers, to the northeast of the Cunhua, Upper Cunhua and Xiru\u00e3 rivers, Terra Ind\u0131gena Camadeni and Terra Ind\u0131gena Deni.""}",,,bib1903,no +2558-location-3,2558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5773, -68.1591]]}",,,bib5330,no +2558-location-4,2558,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"nine villages, six on the Cuniuá River and three on the Xeruã River.",bib4844,yes +2558-location-5,2558,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Amazonas State""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, between the Purus and Jurua rivers, to the northeast of the Cunhua, Upper Cunhua and Xiru\u00e3 rivers, Terra Ind\u0131gena Camadeni and Terra Ind\u0131gena Deni.""}",,,bib1915,no 2558-speaker_number-1,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002).,bib67,no 2558-speakers-1,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002).,bib67,no -2558-speaker_number-2,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2558-speakers-2,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""875"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2558-speaker_number-3,2558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4822,yes -2558-speakers-3,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4822,yes -2558-speaker_number-4,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2558-speakers-4,2558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""736"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2558-speaker_number-2,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2558-speakers-2,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""875"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2558-speaker_number-3,2558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4844,yes +2558-speakers-3,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4844,yes +2558-speaker_number-4,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2558-speakers-4,2558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""736"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2558-speaker_number-5,2558,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2558-speakers-5,2558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2558-LEI-1,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2558-vitality-1,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2558-LEI-2,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2558-vitality-2,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2558-LEI-3,2558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4822,yes -2558-vitality-3,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4822,yes -2558-LEI-4,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Their language is well conserved.,bib1903,no -2558-vitality-4,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Their language is well conserved.,bib1903,no +2558-LEI-2,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2558-vitality-2,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2558-LEI-3,2558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4844,yes +2558-vitality-3,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4844,yes +2558-LEI-4,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Their language is well conserved.,bib1915,no +2558-vitality-4,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Their language is well conserved.,bib1915,no 2558-LEI-5,2558,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2558-vitality-5,2558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2559-context-1,2559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1591,yes -2559-context-2,2559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no +2559-context-1,2559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1603,yes +2559-context-2,2559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no 2559-location-1,2559,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2559-location-2,2559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.61387683, 116.8408978]]}",,,bib1182,no -2559-location-3,2559,location,"{""Description"": ""Ngarluma country is traditionally located around the Roebourne area, and to the east and south-east of Roebourne. Speakers use to live around Millstream and west to the Maitland River area before European settlement. Many Ngarluma people live in Roebourne today, but people are spread through other towns and communities in the Pilbara. Ngarluma people still hold very strong and close associations to traditional country.""}",,,bib1591,yes -2559-location-4,2559,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.848545, 117.696075]]}",,"The traditional Ngarluma territory, in the vicinity of the Western Australian town of Roebourne, was bounded on the north by the Indian Ocean, on the south by tablelands some 50 miles inland, and on the east and west by the Peeawah and Maitland rivers, respectively (cf. von Brandenstein 1970, Hall 1971; and also Tindale 1974, who gives a similar delimination of the traditional territory.",bib3231,no -2559-speaker_number-1,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2559-speakers-1,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2559-location-2,2559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.61387683, 116.8408978]]}",,,bib1191,no +2559-location-3,2559,location,"{""Description"": ""Ngarluma country is traditionally located around the Roebourne area, and to the east and south-east of Roebourne. Speakers use to live around Millstream and west to the Maitland River area before European settlement. Many Ngarluma people live in Roebourne today, but people are spread through other towns and communities in the Pilbara. Ngarluma people still hold very strong and close associations to traditional country.""}",,,bib1603,yes +2559-location-4,2559,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.848545, 117.696075]]}",,"The traditional Ngarluma territory, in the vicinity of the Western Australian town of Roebourne, was bounded on the north by the Indian Ocean, on the south by tablelands some 50 miles inland, and on the east and west by the Peeawah and Maitland rivers, respectively (cf. von Brandenstein 1970, Hall 1971; and also Tindale 1974, who gives a similar delimination of the traditional territory.",bib3246,no +2559-speaker_number-1,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2559-speakers-1,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2559-speaker_number-2,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,21 (1996 census),bib67,no 2559-speakers-2,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,21 (1996 census),bib67,no 2559-speaker_number-3,2559,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 2559-speakers-3,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -2559-speaker_number-4,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,It's estimated that there are less than 20 full Ngarluma speakers. Many others are part speakers or have a passive knowledge of Ngarluma. Other people identify as being of Ngarluma heritage who speak English or other languages.,bib1591,yes -2559-speakers-4,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,It's estimated that there are less than 20 full Ngarluma speakers. Many others are part speakers or have a passive knowledge of Ngarluma. Other people identify as being of Ngarluma heritage who speak English or other languages.,bib1591,yes -2559-speaker_number-5,2559,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2559-speakers-5,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +2559-speaker_number-4,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,It's estimated that there are less than 20 full Ngarluma speakers. Many others are part speakers or have a passive knowledge of Ngarluma. Other people identify as being of Ngarluma heritage who speak English or other languages.,bib1603,yes +2559-speakers-4,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,It's estimated that there are less than 20 full Ngarluma speakers. Many others are part speakers or have a passive knowledge of Ngarluma. Other people identify as being of Ngarluma heritage who speak English or other languages.,bib1603,yes +2559-speaker_number-5,2559,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2559-speakers-5,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 2559-speaker_number-6,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2559-speakers-6,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2559-speaker_number-7,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of Ngarluma speakers was estimated to be approximately 71 in 1966 (von Brandenstein 91970:8)).,bib3231,no -2559-speakers-7,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""71"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The number of Ngarluma speakers was estimated to be approximately 71 in 1966 (von Brandenstein 91970:8)).,bib3231,no -2559-speaker_number-8,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, seventy speakers were reported. The speaker numbers have been lessening since, and the language is endangered.",bib7937,no -2559-speakers-8,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, seventy speakers were reported. The speaker numbers have been lessening since, and the language is endangered.",bib7937,no -2559-LEI-1,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2559-vitality-1,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2559-speaker_number-7,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of Ngarluma speakers was estimated to be approximately 71 in 1966 (von Brandenstein 91970:8)).,bib3246,no +2559-speakers-7,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""71"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The number of Ngarluma speakers was estimated to be approximately 71 in 1966 (von Brandenstein 91970:8)).,bib3246,no +2559-speaker_number-8,2559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, seventy speakers were reported. The speaker numbers have been lessening since, and the language is endangered.",bib7962,no +2559-speakers-8,2559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, seventy speakers were reported. The speaker numbers have been lessening since, and the language is endangered.",bib7962,no +2559-LEI-1,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2559-vitality-1,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2559-LEI-2,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2559-vitality-2,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2559-LEI-3,2559,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2559-vitality-3,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2559-LEI-4,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1591,yes -2559-vitality-4,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1591,yes -2559-LEI-5,2559,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2559-vitality-5,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2559-LEI-4,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1603,yes +2559-vitality-4,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1603,yes +2559-LEI-5,2559,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2559-vitality-5,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2559-LEI-6,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2559-vitality-6,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2559-LEI-7,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3231,no -2559-vitality-7,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3231,no -2559-LEI-8,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2559-vitality-8,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2560-context-1,2560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Nyangumarta""}",,,bib7937,no +2559-LEI-7,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3246,no +2559-vitality-7,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3246,no +2559-LEI-8,2559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2559-vitality-8,2559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2560-context-1,2560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Nyangumarta""}",,,bib7962,no 2560-location-1,2560,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2560-location-2,2560,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.30071734, 119.7091996]]}",,,bib1182,no +2560-location-2,2560,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.30071734, 119.7091996]]}",,,bib1191,no 2560-location-3,2560,location,"{""Description"": ""Nyamal country traditionally covers an area east of the coastal Kariyarra country, inland from the town of Port Hedland Western Australia. It encompasses the towns of Marble Bar and Nullagine and runs north past the Oakover River to the borders of Manyjilyjarra, Warnman, Nyangumarta and Ngarla country and south past the Shaw River.""}",,,bib144,yes -2560-speaker_number-1,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2560-speakers-1,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2560-speaker_number-1,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2560-speakers-1,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2560-speaker_number-2,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data gathered from SIL(1991).,bib67,no 2560-speakers-2,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data gathered from SIL(1991).,bib67,no 2560-speaker_number-3,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2560-speakers-3,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 2560-speaker_number-4,2560,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are less than 10 speakers of the language, but many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language, or identify as being of Nyamal descent.",bib144,yes 2560-speakers-4,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are less than 10 speakers of the language, but many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language, or identify as being of Nyamal descent.",bib144,yes -2560-speaker_number-5,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2560-speakers-5,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2560-speaker_number-5,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2560-speakers-5,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2560-speaker_number-6,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2560-speakers-6,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2560-speaker_number-7,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, 20 to 30 speakers were reported. The children speak the large neighboring language Nyangumarta or English. The speakers are becoming fewer.",bib7937,no -2560-speakers-7,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, 20 to 30 speakers were reported. The children speak the large neighboring language Nyangumarta or English. The speakers are becoming fewer.",bib7937,no -2560-LEI-1,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2560-vitality-1,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2560-speaker_number-7,2560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, 20 to 30 speakers were reported. The children speak the large neighboring language Nyangumarta or English. The speakers are becoming fewer.",bib7962,no +2560-speakers-7,2560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, 20 to 30 speakers were reported. The children speak the large neighboring language Nyangumarta or English. The speakers are becoming fewer.",bib7962,no +2560-LEI-1,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2560-vitality-1,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2560-LEI-2,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2560-vitality-2,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2560-LEI-3,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2560-vitality-3,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 2560-LEI-4,2560,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib144,yes 2560-vitality-4,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib144,yes -2560-LEI-5,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2560-vitality-5,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2560-LEI-5,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2560-vitality-5,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2560-LEI-6,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2560-vitality-6,2560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2560-LEI-7,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2560-transmission-7,2560,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7937,no -2560-vitality-7,2560,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,no +2560-LEI-7,2560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2560-transmission-7,2560,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7962,no +2560-vitality-7,2560,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,no 2561-location-1,2561,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2561-location-2,2561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.49615825, 122.2137447]]}",,,bib1182,no -2561-location-3,2561,location,"{""Description"": ""Nyangumarta people are traditionally from the central Great Sandy Desert from Eighty Mile Beach and the pastoral stations of Wallal Downs and Mandora inland to the east and south. Their traditional country borders the Karajarri to the north and the Nyamal and Ngarla to the west... Nyangumarta speakers are spread widely over the Pilbara and other West Australian regions. Many speakers are living in the towns of Port Hedland and Marble Bar with other people in the communities of Bidyadanga, Strelley, Warralong, Woodstock, and Yandeyarra. Nyangumarta is the most widely spoken Aboriginal language in the town of Port Hedland.""}",,,bib1592,yes -2561-location-4,2561,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-19.844227, 121.439695]]}",,"[Spoken at] Eighty Mile Beach from Cape Keraudren to Anna Plains; inland about 200 miles (Tindale). Sandy Brown (p.c.) says that Nyangumarta used to be further inland until white settlement days, and that Karajarri was spoken along the coast in the region described by Tindale.",bib7278,no -2561-speaker_number-1,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2561-speakers-1,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2561-location-2,2561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.49615825, 122.2137447]]}",,,bib1191,no +2561-location-3,2561,location,"{""Description"": ""Nyangumarta people are traditionally from the central Great Sandy Desert from Eighty Mile Beach and the pastoral stations of Wallal Downs and Mandora inland to the east and south. Their traditional country borders the Karajarri to the north and the Nyamal and Ngarla to the west... Nyangumarta speakers are spread widely over the Pilbara and other West Australian regions. Many speakers are living in the towns of Port Hedland and Marble Bar with other people in the communities of Bidyadanga, Strelley, Warralong, Woodstock, and Yandeyarra. Nyangumarta is the most widely spoken Aboriginal language in the town of Port Hedland.""}",,,bib1604,yes +2561-location-4,2561,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-19.844227, 121.439695]]}",,"[Spoken at] Eighty Mile Beach from Cape Keraudren to Anna Plains; inland about 200 miles (Tindale). Sandy Brown (p.c.) says that Nyangumarta used to be further inland until white settlement days, and that Karajarri was spoken along the coast in the region described by Tindale.",bib7302,no +2561-speaker_number-1,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2561-speakers-1,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2561-speaker_number-2,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data gathered from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 2561-speakers-2,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data gathered from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 2561-speaker_number-3,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2561-speakers-3,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -2561-speaker_number-4,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are estimated to be around 520 first language speakers of Nyangumarta and many more partial speakers or people with a passive knowledge of the language. There are many more people who identify as being of Nyangumarta heritage who don’t speak the language or speak another language.,bib1592,yes -2561-speakers-4,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are estimated to be around 520 first language speakers of Nyangumarta and many more partial speakers or people with a passive knowledge of the language. There are many more people who identify as being of Nyangumarta heritage who don’t speak the language or speak another language.,bib1592,yes -2561-speaker_number-5,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2561-speakers-5,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2561-speaker_number-4,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are estimated to be around 520 first language speakers of Nyangumarta and many more partial speakers or people with a passive knowledge of the language. There are many more people who identify as being of Nyangumarta heritage who don’t speak the language or speak another language.,bib1604,yes +2561-speakers-4,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are estimated to be around 520 first language speakers of Nyangumarta and many more partial speakers or people with a passive knowledge of the language. There are many more people who identify as being of Nyangumarta heritage who don’t speak the language or speak another language.,bib1604,yes +2561-speaker_number-5,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2561-speakers-5,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2561-speaker_number-6,2561,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2561-speakers-6,2561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2561-LEI-1,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2561-vitality-1,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2561-LEI-1,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2561-vitality-1,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2561-LEI-2,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2561-vitality-2,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2561-LEI-3,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2561-vitality-3,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2561-LEI-4,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1592,yes -2561-vitality-4,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1592,yes -2561-LEI-5,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2561-vitality-5,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2561-LEI-4,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1604,yes +2561-vitality-4,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1604,yes +2561-LEI-5,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2561-vitality-5,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2561-LEI-6,2561,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2561-vitality-6,2561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2562-context-1,2562,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Walmajarri, Kriol, Aboriginal English""}",,,bib7937,yes +2562-context-1,2562,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Walmajarri, Kriol, Aboriginal English""}",,,bib7962,yes 2562-location-1,2562,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2562-location-2,2562,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.20260282, 124.2885679]]}",,,bib1182,no -2562-speaker_number-1,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2562-speakers-1,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2562-location-2,2562,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.20260282, 124.2885679]]}",,,bib1191,no +2562-speaker_number-1,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2562-speakers-1,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2562-speaker_number-2,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 2562-speakers-2,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 2562-speaker_number-3,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2562-speakers-3,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2562-speaker_number-4,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2562-speakers-4,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2562-speaker_number-4,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2562-speakers-4,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2562-speaker_number-5,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2562-speakers-5,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2562-speaker_number-6,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2562-speakers-6,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -2562-LEI-1,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2562-vitality-1,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2562-speaker_number-6,2562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2562-speakers-6,2562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +2562-LEI-1,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2562-vitality-1,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2562-LEI-2,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2562-vitality-2,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2562-LEI-3,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2562-vitality-3,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2562-LEI-4,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2562-vitality-4,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2562-LEI-4,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2562-vitality-4,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2562-LEI-5,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2562-vitality-5,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2562-LEI-6,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English as their first language.,bib7937,yes -2562-vitality-6,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English as their first language.,bib7937,yes +2562-LEI-6,2562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English as their first language.,bib7962,yes +2562-vitality-6,2562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English as their first language.,bib7962,yes 2564-location-1,2564,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2564-location-2,2564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.12813021, 144.2235677]]}",,,bib1182,no -2564-speaker_number-1,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,1 speaker of Paaruntyi variety in 1981; 2 speakers of Southern Paakantyi,bib7422,no -2564-speakers-1,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,1 speaker of Paaruntyi variety in 1981; 2 speakers of Southern Paakantyi,bib7422,no +2564-location-2,2564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.12813021, 144.2235677]]}",,,bib1191,no +2564-speaker_number-1,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,1 speaker of Paaruntyi variety in 1981; 2 speakers of Southern Paakantyi,bib7446,no +2564-speakers-1,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,1 speaker of Paaruntyi variety in 1981; 2 speakers of Southern Paakantyi,bib7446,no 2564-speaker_number-2,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 2564-speakers-2,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no 2564-speaker_number-3,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 2564-speakers-3,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -2564-speaker_number-4,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2564-speakers-4,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +2564-speaker_number-4,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2564-speakers-4,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 2564-speaker_number-5,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2564-speakers-5,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2564-speaker_number-6,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -2564-speakers-6,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes -2564-LEI-1,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2564-vitality-1,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2564-speaker_number-6,2564,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +2564-speakers-6,2564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes +2564-LEI-1,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2564-vitality-1,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2564-LEI-2,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2564-vitality-2,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2564-LEI-3,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2564-vitality-3,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2564-LEI-4,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2564-vitality-4,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2564-LEI-4,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2564-vitality-4,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2564-LEI-5,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2564-vitality-5,2564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2564-LEI-6,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2564-transmission-6,2564,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -2564-vitality-6,2564,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,yes -2565-context-1,2565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yindjibarndi; English;""}",,,bib7937,no +2564-LEI-6,2564,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2564-transmission-6,2564,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +2564-vitality-6,2564,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,yes +2565-context-1,2565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yindjibarndi; English;""}",,,bib7962,no 2565-location-1,2565,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2565-location-2,2565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.01539682, 117.6751312]]}",,,bib1182,no -2565-location-3,2565,location,"{""Description"": ""Banyjima country is traditionally located in the area around the town of Wittenoom in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It extends west towards the town of Tom Price, and east towards the town of Newman... Many Banyjima people [now] live in the towns of Port Hedland, Tom Price, Roebourne and surrounding communities.""}",,,bib1576,no +2565-location-2,2565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.01539682, 117.6751312]]}",,,bib1191,no +2565-location-3,2565,location,"{""Description"": ""Banyjima country is traditionally located in the area around the town of Wittenoom in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It extends west towards the town of Tom Price, and east towards the town of Newman... Many Banyjima people [now] live in the towns of Port Hedland, Tom Price, Roebourne and surrounding communities.""}",,,bib1588,no 2565-location-4,2565,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,"North of Ashburton, east of Rocklea station, west of Weediwooli creek, south of Hamersley Range. -Eastern portion of Hamersley Range about Mulga Downs (O'Grady).",bib7278,yes -2565-speaker_number-1,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2565-speakers-1,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +Eastern portion of Hamersley Range about Mulga Downs (O'Grady).",bib7302,yes +2565-speaker_number-1,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2565-speakers-1,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2565-speaker_number-2,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Geytenbeek (1972).,bib67,no 2565-speakers-2,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Geytenbeek (1972).,bib67,no 2565-speaker_number-3,2565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2565-speakers-3,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -2565-speaker_number-4,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 50 speakers of the Banyjima language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Banyjima heritage but speak other languages.,bib1576,no -2565-speakers-4,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 50 speakers of the Banyjima language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Banyjima heritage but speak other languages.,bib1576,no -2565-speaker_number-5,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2565-speakers-5,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2565-speaker_number-4,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 50 speakers of the Banyjima language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Banyjima heritage but speak other languages.,bib1588,no +2565-speakers-4,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 50 speakers of the Banyjima language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Banyjima heritage but speak other languages.,bib1588,no +2565-speaker_number-5,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2565-speakers-5,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2565-speaker_number-6,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2565-speakers-6,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2565-speaker_number-7,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Brandenstein (1991 p.c.) says there are speakers at Onslow and Roebourne. Dench (1986 p.c.) says there are about 50 speakers.,bib7278,yes -2565-speakers-7,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Brandenstein (1991 p.c.) says there are speakers at Onslow and Roebourne. Dench (1986 p.c.) says there are about 50 speakers.,bib7278,yes -2565-speaker_number-8,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are much fewer speakers today.",bib7937,no -2565-speakers-8,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are much fewer speakers today.",bib7937,no -2565-LEI-1,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2565-vitality-1,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2565-speaker_number-7,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Brandenstein (1991 p.c.) says there are speakers at Onslow and Roebourne. Dench (1986 p.c.) says there are about 50 speakers.,bib7302,yes +2565-speakers-7,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Brandenstein (1991 p.c.) says there are speakers at Onslow and Roebourne. Dench (1986 p.c.) says there are about 50 speakers.,bib7302,yes +2565-speaker_number-8,2565,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are much fewer speakers today.",bib7962,no +2565-speakers-8,2565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are much fewer speakers today.",bib7962,no +2565-LEI-1,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2565-vitality-1,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2565-LEI-2,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2565-vitality-2,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2565-LEI-3,2565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2565-vitality-3,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2565-LEI-4,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1576,no -2565-vitality-4,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1576,no -2565-LEI-5,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2565-vitality-5,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2565-LEI-4,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1588,no +2565-vitality-4,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1588,no +2565-LEI-5,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2565-vitality-5,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2565-LEI-6,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2565-vitality-6,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2565-LEI-7,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,yes -2565-vitality-7,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,yes -2565-LEI-8,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2565-vitality-8,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2565-LEI-7,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,yes +2565-vitality-7,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,yes +2565-LEI-8,2565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2565-vitality-8,2565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2566-location-1,2566,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2566-speaker_number-1,2566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2566-speakers-1,2566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no @@ -24983,800 +25169,800 @@ Eastern portion of Hamersley Range about Mulga Downs (O'Grady).",bib7278,yes 2566-vitality-1,2566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2566-LEI-2,2566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2566-vitality-2,2566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2567-location-1,2567,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.403367, 126.990833]]}",,,bib7945,no +2567-location-1,2567,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.403367, 126.990833]]}",,,bib7970,no 2567-location-2,2567,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 2567-speaker_number-1,2567,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2567-speakers-1,2567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2567-speaker_number-2,2567,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,yes -2567-speakers-2,2567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,yes +2567-speaker_number-2,2567,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,yes +2567-speakers-2,2567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,yes 2567-speaker_number-3,2567,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 2567-speakers-3,2567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 2567-LEI-1,2567,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2567-vitality-1,2567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2567-LEI-2,2567,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -2567-vitality-2,2567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +2567-LEI-2,2567,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +2567-vitality-2,2567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 2567-LEI-3,2567,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2567-vitality-3,2567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2568-location-1,2568,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2568-location-2,2568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.10008732, 128.3208828]]}",,,bib1182,no -2568-location-3,2568,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia;""}",,,bib1387,yes -2568-speaker_number-1,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2568-speakers-1,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2568-location-2,2568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.10008732, 128.3208828]]}",,,bib1191,no +2568-location-3,2568,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia;""}",,,bib1399,yes +2568-speaker_number-1,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2568-speakers-1,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2568-speaker_number-2,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""90%% monolingual."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.",bib67,no 2568-speakers-2,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""90%% monolingual."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.",bib67,no 2568-speaker_number-3,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2568-speakers-3,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""203"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -2568-speaker_number-4,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2568-speakers-4,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2568-speaker_number-4,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2568-speakers-4,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2568-speaker_number-5,2568,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2568-speakers-5,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2568-speaker_number-6,2568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1480 speakers of Luritja, 600 speakers of Pintupi.",bib1387,yes -2568-speakers-6,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1480 speakers of Luritja, 600 speakers of Pintupi.",bib1387,yes -2568-LEI-1,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2568-vitality-1,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2568-speaker_number-6,2568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1480 speakers of Luritja, 600 speakers of Pintupi.",bib1399,yes +2568-speakers-6,2568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1480 speakers of Luritja, 600 speakers of Pintupi.",bib1399,yes +2568-LEI-1,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2568-vitality-1,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2568-LEI-2,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2568-vitality-2,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2568-LEI-3,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2568-vitality-3,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2568-LEI-4,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2568-vitality-4,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2568-LEI-4,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2568-vitality-4,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2568-LEI-5,2568,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2568-vitality-5,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2568-LEI-6,2568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,yes -2568-vitality-6,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,yes -2569-context-1,2569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Knowledge and use of Norf'k enjoys considerable prestige, and public support for a revival programme is substantial.""}",,,bib5425,no -2569-context-2,2569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""British English;""}",,Language is in diglossic relationship with Standard British English.,bib7938,yes -2569-location-1,2569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.022622, 167.942864]]}",,,bib7945,no -2569-location-2,2569,location,"{""Places"": [""Norfolk Island, Australia, New Zealand""]}",,,bib5425,no +2568-LEI-6,2568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,yes +2568-vitality-6,2568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,yes +2569-context-1,2569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Knowledge and use of Norf'k enjoys considerable prestige, and public support for a revival programme is substantial.""}",,,bib5448,no +2569-context-2,2569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""British English;""}",,Language is in diglossic relationship with Standard British English.,bib7963,yes +2569-location-1,2569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.022622, 167.942864]]}",,,bib7970,no +2569-location-2,2569,location,"{""Places"": [""Norfolk Island, Australia, New Zealand""]}",,,bib5448,no 2569-location-3,2569,location,"{""Places"": [""Norfolk Island"", ""Pitcairn""]}",,,bib67,no -2569-speaker_number-1,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2569-speakers-1,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2569-speaker_number-2,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5425,no -2569-speakers-2,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5425,no -2569-speaker_number-3,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"580 speakers on Norfolk Island. The language is getting impoverished and anglicized on Pitcairn Island among the fifty inhabitants, a remnant of 225 in 1940.",bib7938,yes -2569-speakers-3,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"580 speakers on Norfolk Island. The language is getting impoverished and anglicized on Pitcairn Island among the fifty inhabitants, a remnant of 225 in 1940.",bib7938,yes +2569-speaker_number-1,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2569-speakers-1,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2569-speaker_number-2,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5448,no +2569-speakers-2,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5448,no +2569-speaker_number-3,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"580 speakers on Norfolk Island. The language is getting impoverished and anglicized on Pitcairn Island among the fifty inhabitants, a remnant of 225 in 1940.",bib7963,yes +2569-speakers-3,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"580 speakers on Norfolk Island. The language is getting impoverished and anglicized on Pitcairn Island among the fifty inhabitants, a remnant of 225 in 1940.",bib7963,yes 2569-speaker_number-4,2569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,400 on Norfolk Island.,bib67,no 2569-speakers-4,2569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""436"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,400 on Norfolk Island.,bib67,no -2569-LEI-1,2569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2569-vitality-1,2569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2569-LEI-2,2569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5425,no -2569-speaker_number_trends-2,2569,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5425,no -2569-vitality-2,2569,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5425,no -2569-LEI-3,2569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2569-vitality-3,2569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +2569-LEI-1,2569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2569-vitality-1,2569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2569-LEI-2,2569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5448,no +2569-speaker_number_trends-2,2569,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5448,no +2569-vitality-2,2569,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is not transmitted in full to the children and is no longer spoken in some families.,bib5448,no +2569-LEI-3,2569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2569-vitality-3,2569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 2569-LEI-4,2569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2569-vitality-4,2569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2570-location-1,2570,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2570-location-2,2570,location,"{""Description"": ""This is the language of the area around Uluru (Ayers Rock)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-25.97129594, 130.0189562]]}",,,bib1182,no -2570-location-3,2570,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region south-west of Alice Springs in the Western Desert""}",,,bib1387,yes -2570-speaker_number-1,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -2570-speakers-1,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +2570-location-2,2570,location,"{""Description"": ""This is the language of the area around Uluru (Ayers Rock)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-25.97129594, 130.0189562]]}",,,bib1191,no +2570-location-3,2570,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region south-west of Alice Springs in the Western Desert""}",,,bib1399,yes +2570-speaker_number-1,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +2570-speakers-1,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 2570-speaker_number-2,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""80%% monolingual."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.",bib67,no 2570-speakers-2,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""80%% monolingual."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.",bib67,no 2570-speaker_number-3,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2570-speakers-3,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -2570-speaker_number-4,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2570-speakers-4,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2570-speaker_number-5,2570,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are only a handful of speakers remaining.,bib3674,no -2570-speakers-5,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A handful"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are only a handful of speakers remaining.,bib3674,no +2570-speaker_number-4,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2570-speakers-4,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2570-speaker_number-5,2570,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are only a handful of speakers remaining.,bib3693,no +2570-speakers-5,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A handful"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There are only a handful of speakers remaining.,bib3693,no 2570-speaker_number-6,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2570-speakers-6,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2570-speaker_number-7,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,yes -2570-speakers-7,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,yes -2570-LEI-1,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2570-vitality-1,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2570-speaker_number-7,2570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,yes +2570-speakers-7,2570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,yes +2570-LEI-1,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2570-vitality-1,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2570-LEI-2,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2570-vitality-2,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2570-LEI-3,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2570-vitality-3,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2570-LEI-4,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2570-vitality-4,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2570-LEI-5,2570,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3674,no -2570-domains_of_use-5,2570,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3674,no -2570-vitality-5,2570,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3674,no +2570-LEI-4,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2570-vitality-4,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2570-LEI-5,2570,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3693,no +2570-domains_of_use-5,2570,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3693,no +2570-vitality-5,2570,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""Speakers use this langauge in the marketplace and with friends, but it is not taught in school.",bib3693,no 2570-LEI-6,2570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2570-vitality-6,2570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2570-LEI-7,2570,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1387,yes -2570-transmission-7,2570,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1387,yes -2570-domains_of_use-7,2570,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1387,yes -2570-speaker_number_trends-7,2570,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1387,yes -2570-vitality-7,2570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1387,yes -2571-context-1,2571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol; Ngalkbun; Gunwinygu;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7937,no +2570-LEI-7,2570,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1399,yes +2570-transmission-7,2570,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1399,yes +2570-domains_of_use-7,2570,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1399,yes +2570-speaker_number_trends-7,2570,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1399,yes +2570-vitality-7,2570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Pitjantjatjara...",bib1399,yes +2571-context-1,2571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol; Ngalkbun; Gunwinygu;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7962,no 2571-location-1,2571,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2571-location-2,2571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.15456146, 134.3934424]]}",,,bib1182,no -2571-speaker_number-1,2571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2571-speakers-1,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2571-location-2,2571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.15456146, 134.3934424]]}",,,bib1191,no +2571-speaker_number-1,2571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2571-speakers-1,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2571-speaker_number-2,2571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2571-speakers-2,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,yes 2571-speaker_number-3,2571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2571-speakers-3,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2571-speaker_number-4,2571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2571-speakers-4,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2571-speaker_number-4,2571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2571-speakers-4,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2571-speaker_number-5,2571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2571-speakers-5,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2571-speaker_number-6,2571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -2571-speakers-6,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -2571-LEI-1,2571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2571-vitality-1,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2571-speaker_number-6,2571,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +2571-speakers-6,2571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +2571-LEI-1,2571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2571-vitality-1,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2571-LEI-2,2571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2571-vitality-2,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2571-LEI-3,2571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2571-vitality-3,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2571-LEI-4,2571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2571-vitality-4,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2571-LEI-4,2571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2571-vitality-4,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2571-LEI-5,2571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2571-vitality-5,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2571-LEI-6,2571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Few children learn the language.,bib7937,no -2571-vitality-6,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Few children learn the language.,bib7937,no -2572-context-1,2572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol; Djinba;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"The use of Kriol has been increasing, especially among members of the young generation.",bib7937,yes +2571-LEI-6,2571,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Few children learn the language.,bib7962,no +2571-vitality-6,2571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Few children learn the language.,bib7962,no +2572-context-1,2572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol; Djinba;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"The use of Kriol has been increasing, especially among members of the young generation.",bib7962,yes 2572-location-1,2572,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2572-location-2,2572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.09134716, 136.0384241]]}",,,bib1182,no -2572-speaker_number-1,2572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2572-speakers-1,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2572-location-2,2572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.09134716, 136.0384241]]}",,,bib1191,no +2572-speaker_number-1,2572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2572-speakers-1,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2572-speaker_number-2,2572,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2572-speakers-2,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 2572-speaker_number-3,2572,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2572-speakers-3,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2572-speaker_number-4,2572,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2572-speakers-4,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2572-speaker_number-4,2572,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2572-speakers-4,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2572-speaker_number-5,2572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2572-speakers-5,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2572-speaker_number-6,2572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -2572-speakers-6,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes -2572-LEI-1,2572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2572-vitality-1,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2572-speaker_number-6,2572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +2572-speakers-6,2572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes +2572-LEI-1,2572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2572-vitality-1,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2572-LEI-2,2572,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2572-vitality-2,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2572-LEI-3,2572,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2572-vitality-3,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2572-LEI-4,2572,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2572-vitality-4,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2572-LEI-4,2572,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2572-vitality-4,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2572-LEI-5,2572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2572-vitality-5,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2572-LEI-6,2572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2572-vitality-6,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +2572-LEI-6,2572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2572-vitality-6,2572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 2573-location-1,2573,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2573-location-2,2573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.818, 141.847]]}",,,bib1182,no -2573-speaker_number-1,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2573-speakers-1,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2573-location-2,2573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.818, 141.847]]}",,,bib1191,no +2573-speaker_number-1,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2573-speakers-1,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2573-speaker_number-2,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 (1991 SIL). Ethnic population: 350 (1982 A. Hall),bib67,no 2573-speakers-2,2573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 (1991 SIL). Ethnic population: 350 (1982 A. Hall),bib67,no 2573-speaker_number-3,2573,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2573-speakers-3,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2573-speaker_number-4,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2573-speakers-4,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2573-speaker_number-4,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2573-speakers-4,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2573-speaker_number-5,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2573-speakers-5,2573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2573-speaker_number-6,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The number of speakers has been going down slowly.,bib7937,yes -2573-speakers-6,2573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The number of speakers has been going down slowly.,bib7937,yes -2573-LEI-1,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2573-vitality-1,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2573-speaker_number-6,2573,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The number of speakers has been going down slowly.,bib7962,yes +2573-speakers-6,2573,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The number of speakers has been going down slowly.,bib7962,yes +2573-LEI-1,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2573-vitality-1,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2573-LEI-2,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2573-vitality-2,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2573-LEI-3,2573,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2573-vitality-3,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2573-LEI-4,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2573-vitality-4,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2573-LEI-4,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2573-vitality-4,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2573-LEI-5,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2573-vitality-5,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2573-LEI-6,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2573-vitality-6,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2574-context-1,2574,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church services""]}",,"When I attended a Catholic mass on Bathurst Island, for example, much of the liturgy, but the sermon was delivered in the local Tiwi language...The hymns were also in Tiwi...Prayers are also sometimes said in Tiwi.",bib948,no +2573-LEI-6,2573,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2573-vitality-6,2573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2574-context-1,2574,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church services""]}",,"When I attended a Catholic mass on Bathurst Island, for example, much of the liturgy, but the sermon was delivered in the local Tiwi language...The hymns were also in Tiwi...Prayers are also sometimes said in Tiwi.",bib952,no 2574-context-2,2574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English;""}",,,bib67,no 2574-location-1,2574,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory; Bathurst and Melville Islands; Nguiu;""}",,,bib67,no -2574-location-2,2574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6788294, 130.8353696]]}",,,bib1182,no -2574-speaker_number-1,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,yes -2574-speakers-1,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,yes +2574-location-2,2574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6788294, 130.8353696]]}",,,bib1191,no +2574-speaker_number-1,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,yes +2574-speakers-1,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,yes 2574-speaker_number-2,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Nonfluent speakers."" Speaker number data is from a 1996 census.",bib67,no 2574-speakers-2,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,830"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Nonfluent speakers."" Speaker number data is from a 1996 census.",bib67,no 2574-speaker_number-3,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2574-speakers-3,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -2574-speaker_number-4,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2574-speakers-4,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2574-speaker_number-5,2574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A [respondent] reported that Tiwi has up to 35 speakers, none on whom are full speakers.",bib7416,no -2574-speakers-5,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""5""}",,"A [respondent] reported that Tiwi has up to 35 speakers, none on whom are full speakers.",bib7416,no +2574-speaker_number-4,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2574-speakers-4,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2574-speaker_number-5,2574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A [respondent] reported that Tiwi has up to 35 speakers, none on whom are full speakers.",bib7440,no +2574-speakers-5,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""5""}",,"A [respondent] reported that Tiwi has up to 35 speakers, none on whom are full speakers.",bib7440,no 2574-speaker_number-6,2574,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2574-speakers-6,2574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2574-LEI-1,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -2574-vitality-1,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +2574-LEI-1,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +2574-vitality-1,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 2574-LEI-2,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2574-vitality-2,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2574-LEI-3,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2574-vitality-3,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2574-LEI-4,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2574-vitality-4,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2574-LEI-5,2574,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7416,no -2574-transmission-5,2574,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7416,no -2574-speaker_number_trends-5,2574,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7416,no -2574-vitality-5,2574,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7416,no +2574-LEI-4,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2574-vitality-4,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2574-LEI-5,2574,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7440,no +2574-transmission-5,2574,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7440,no +2574-speaker_number_trends-5,2574,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7440,no +2574-vitality-5,2574,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There were four Tiwi respondents who participated in the Language Attitude Survey and three of them specifically indicated that they speak Modern/New Tiwi, which is very different from Old Tiwi- the language which used to be spoken- because of the influence of English; it has undergone rapid change since colonisation.",bib7440,no 2574-LEI-6,2574,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2574-vitality-6,2574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2575-context-1,2575,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole""}",,,bib7937,yes +2575-context-1,2575,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole""}",,,bib7962,yes 2575-location-1,2575,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Cape Sidmouth north nearly to Night Island""}",,,bib67,no -2575-location-2,2575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.48164763, 143.5323774]]}",,,bib1182,no -2575-speaker_number-1,2575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2575-speakers-1,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2575-location-2,2575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.48164763, 143.5323774]]}",,,bib1191,no +2575-speaker_number-1,2575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2575-speakers-1,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2575-speaker_number-2,2575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2575-speakers-2,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2575-speaker_number-3,2575,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2575-speakers-3,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2575-speaker_number-4,2575,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2575-speakers-4,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2575-speaker_number-4,2575,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2575-speakers-4,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2575-speaker_number-5,2575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2575-speakers-5,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2575-speaker_number-6,2575,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Today only a few older people know the language well, the middle generation has a varying proficiency, and the young generation speaks Torres Strait Creole (or Broken).",bib7937,yes -2575-speakers-6,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Today only a few older people know the language well, the middle generation has a varying proficiency, and the young generation speaks Torres Strait Creole (or Broken).",bib7937,yes -2575-LEI-1,2575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2575-vitality-1,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2575-speaker_number-6,2575,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Today only a few older people know the language well, the middle generation has a varying proficiency, and the young generation speaks Torres Strait Creole (or Broken).",bib7962,yes +2575-speakers-6,2575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Today only a few older people know the language well, the middle generation has a varying proficiency, and the young generation speaks Torres Strait Creole (or Broken).",bib7962,yes +2575-LEI-1,2575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2575-vitality-1,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2575-LEI-2,2575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2575-vitality-2,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2575-LEI-3,2575,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2575-vitality-3,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2575-LEI-4,2575,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2575-vitality-4,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2575-LEI-4,2575,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2575-vitality-4,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2575-LEI-5,2575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2575-vitality-5,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2575-LEI-6,2575,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2575-vitality-6,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2576-context-1,2576,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,yes +2575-LEI-6,2575,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2575-vitality-6,2575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2576-context-1,2576,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,yes 2576-location-1,2576,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, South of Pine Creek, Tipperary Station, and Bagot""}",,,bib67,no -2576-location-2,2576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.18804631, 131.6147964]]}",,,bib1182,no -2576-speaker_number-1,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2576-speakers-1,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2576-location-2,2576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.18804631, 131.6147964]]}",,,bib1191,no +2576-speaker_number-1,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2576-speakers-1,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2576-speaker_number-2,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2576-speakers-2,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 2576-speaker_number-3,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2576-speakers-3,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2576-speaker_number-4,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2576-speakers-4,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2576-speaker_number-4,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2576-speakers-4,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2576-speaker_number-5,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2576-speakers-5,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2576-speaker_number-6,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2576-speakers-6,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -2576-LEI-1,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2576-vitality-1,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2576-speaker_number-6,2576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2576-speakers-6,2576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +2576-LEI-1,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2576-vitality-1,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2576-LEI-2,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2576-vitality-2,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2576-LEI-3,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2576-vitality-3,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2576-LEI-4,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2576-vitality-4,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2576-LEI-4,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2576-vitality-4,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2576-LEI-5,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2576-vitality-5,2576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2576-LEI-6,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7937,yes -2576-speaker_number_trends-6,2576,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7937,yes -2576-vitality-6,2576,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7937,yes +2576-LEI-6,2576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7962,yes +2576-speaker_number_trends-6,2576,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7962,yes +2576-vitality-6,2576,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The use of the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol has been increasing, and the speakers have become much fewer.",bib7962,yes 2577-location-1,2577,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Mt. Magnet to Geraldton.""}",,,bib67,no -2577-location-2,2577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.9143324, 120.1931832]]}",,,bib1182,no -2577-location-3,2577,location,"{""Places"": [""Murchison region, Western Australia""]}",,,bib7416,no -2577-location-4,2577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.017537, 116.147032]]}",,[Spoken] north of Sanford River; on Roderick River.,bib7278,no -2577-speaker_number-1,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2577-speakers-1,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2577-location-2,2577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.9143324, 120.1931832]]}",,,bib1191,no +2577-location-3,2577,location,"{""Places"": [""Murchison region, Western Australia""]}",,,bib7440,no +2577-location-4,2577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.017537, 116.147032]]}",,[Spoken] north of Sanford River; on Roderick River.,bib7302,no +2577-speaker_number-1,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2577-speakers-1,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2577-speaker_number-2,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number and ethnic population data: (1981 W. Douglas 1981).,bib67,no 2577-speakers-2,2577,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data: (1981 W. Douglas 1981).,bib67,no 2577-speaker_number-3,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2577-speakers-3,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2577-speaker_number-4,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2577-speakers-4,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2577-speaker_number-5,2577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The language has only a small number of full speakers, spread disproportionately across the older age groups.",bib7416,no -2577-speakers-5,2577,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~5"", ""Young Adults"": ""~2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51-250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~15""}",,"The language has only a small number of full speakers, spread disproportionately across the older age groups.",bib7416,no +2577-speaker_number-4,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2577-speakers-4,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2577-speaker_number-5,2577,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The language has only a small number of full speakers, spread disproportionately across the older age groups.",bib7440,no +2577-speakers-5,2577,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~5"", ""Young Adults"": ""~2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51-250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~15""}",,"The language has only a small number of full speakers, spread disproportionately across the older age groups.",bib7440,no 2577-speaker_number-6,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2577-speakers-6,2577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2577-speaker_number-7,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty or fewer fluent speakers were reported out of an ethnic group of fewer than 200. The people generally speak English, and the number of speakers is considerably lower today.",bib7937,yes -2577-speakers-7,2577,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty or fewer fluent speakers were reported out of an ethnic group of fewer than 200. The people generally speak English, and the number of speakers is considerably lower today.",bib7937,yes -2577-LEI-1,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2577-vitality-1,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2577-speaker_number-7,2577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, fifty or fewer fluent speakers were reported out of an ethnic group of fewer than 200. The people generally speak English, and the number of speakers is considerably lower today.",bib7962,yes +2577-speakers-7,2577,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, fifty or fewer fluent speakers were reported out of an ethnic group of fewer than 200. The people generally speak English, and the number of speakers is considerably lower today.",bib7962,yes +2577-LEI-1,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2577-vitality-1,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2577-LEI-2,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2577-vitality-2,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2577-LEI-3,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2577-vitality-3,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2577-LEI-4,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2577-vitality-4,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2577-LEI-4,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2577-vitality-4,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2577-LEI-5,2577,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Comparison of data between the two -surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7416,no +surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7440,no 2577-transmission-5,2577,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Comparison of data between the two -surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7416,no +surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7440,no 2577-speaker_number_trends-5,2577,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Comparison of data between the two -surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7416,no +surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7440,no 2577-vitality-5,2577,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Comparison of data between the two -surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7416,no +surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level. […] Languages like Wajarri can rapidly decline without a more concentrated effort to transfer the full knowledge of the language to younger generations and to get younger people using the language.",bib7440,no 2577-LEI-6,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2577-vitality-6,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2577-LEI-7,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2577-vitality-7,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2578-context-2,2578,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All children""}",,,bib7937,no +2577-LEI-7,2577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2577-vitality-7,2577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2578-context-2,2578,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All children""}",,,bib7962,no 2578-location-1,2578,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Fitzroy River valley area, Lake Gregory and La Grange""}",,,bib67,yes -2578-location-2,2578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.85264618, 125.5392489]]}",,,bib1182,no -2578-location-3,2578,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.417079, 125.528069]]}",,South of Fitzroy Crossing and Christmas Creek valleys from Noonkanbah; east to Cummins Range; south on the line of the Canning Stock Route to Well 47 (Tindale).,bib7278,no -2578-speaker_number-1,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -2578-speakers-1,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +2578-location-2,2578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.85264618, 125.5392489]]}",,,bib1191,no +2578-location-3,2578,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.417079, 125.528069]]}",,South of Fitzroy Crossing and Christmas Creek valleys from Noonkanbah; east to Cummins Range; south on the line of the Canning Stock Route to Well 47 (Tindale).,bib7302,no +2578-speaker_number-1,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +2578-speakers-1,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 2578-speaker_number-2,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,yes 2578-speakers-2,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,yes 2578-speaker_number-3,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 2578-speakers-3,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -2578-speaker_number-4,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3333,no -2578-speakers-4,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3333,no -2578-speaker_number-5,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2578-speakers-5,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2578-speaker_number-4,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3350,no +2578-speakers-4,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3350,no +2578-speaker_number-5,2578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2578-speakers-5,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2578-speaker_number-6,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2578-speakers-6,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2578-speaker_number-7,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hudson (1978) [reports] over 1,000 speakers at Fitzroy Crossing, Looma, East Kimberleys. Around 2,000 speakers altogether.",bib7278,no -2578-speakers-7,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hudson (1978) [reports] over 1,000 speakers at Fitzroy Crossing, Looma, East Kimberleys. Around 2,000 speakers altogether.",bib7278,no -2578-speaker_number-8,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7937,no -2578-speakers-8,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7937,no -2578-LEI-1,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2578-vitality-1,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2578-speaker_number-7,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hudson (1978) [reports] over 1,000 speakers at Fitzroy Crossing, Looma, East Kimberleys. Around 2,000 speakers altogether.",bib7302,no +2578-speakers-7,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hudson (1978) [reports] over 1,000 speakers at Fitzroy Crossing, Looma, East Kimberleys. Around 2,000 speakers altogether.",bib7302,no +2578-speaker_number-8,2578,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7962,no +2578-speakers-8,2578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7962,no +2578-LEI-1,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2578-vitality-1,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2578-LEI-2,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language use: mainly adults,bib67,yes 2578-vitality-2,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language use: mainly adults,bib67,yes 2578-LEI-3,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2578-vitality-3,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2578-LEI-4,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,no -2578-vitality-4,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3333,no -2578-LEI-5,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2578-vitality-5,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2578-LEI-4,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,no +2578-vitality-4,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3350,no +2578-LEI-5,2578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2578-vitality-5,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2578-LEI-6,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2578-vitality-6,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2578-LEI-7,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,no -2578-vitality-7,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,no -2578-LEI-8,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children still understand and respond to Walmajarri today, but the first language of all children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7937,no -2578-vitality-8,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Some children still understand and respond to Walmajarri today, but the first language of all children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7937,no -2579-context-1,2579,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Nyangumarta, Martu Wanka""}",,,bib7937,no +2578-LEI-7,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,no +2578-vitality-7,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,no +2578-LEI-8,2578,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children still understand and respond to Walmajarri today, but the first language of all children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7962,no +2578-vitality-8,2578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Some children still understand and respond to Walmajarri today, but the first language of all children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7962,no +2579-context-1,2579,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Nyangumarta, Martu Wanka""}",,,bib7962,no 2579-location-1,2579,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Marble Bar area, Nullagine Station, Strelley""}",,,bib67,no -2579-location-2,2579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.00041801, 124.0387199]]}",,,bib1182,no -2579-location-3,2579,location,"{""Description"": ""Warnman people are traditionally from the central Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia. People moved from the desert areas, mostly to Jigalong Mission, as late as the 1960s due to welfare resettlement, extensive drought conditions, natural migration and a variety of other reasons... Most people now live in Parnngurr, Punmu, Parnpajinya and Jigalong Communities and the towns of Nullagine, Port Hedland and Newman.""}",,,bib1594,yes -2579-speaker_number-1,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2579-speakers-1,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2579-location-2,2579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.00041801, 124.0387199]]}",,,bib1191,no +2579-location-3,2579,location,"{""Description"": ""Warnman people are traditionally from the central Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia. People moved from the desert areas, mostly to Jigalong Mission, as late as the 1960s due to welfare resettlement, extensive drought conditions, natural migration and a variety of other reasons... Most people now live in Parnngurr, Punmu, Parnpajinya and Jigalong Communities and the towns of Nullagine, Port Hedland and Newman.""}",,,bib1606,yes +2579-speaker_number-1,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2579-speakers-1,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2579-speaker_number-2,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (SIL 1973),bib67,no 2579-speakers-2,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (SIL 1973),bib67,no 2579-speaker_number-3,2579,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 2579-speakers-3,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -2579-speaker_number-4,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2579-speakers-4,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2579-speaker_number-4,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2579-speakers-4,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2579-speaker_number-5,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2579-speakers-5,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2579-speaker_number-6,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1594,yes -2579-speakers-6,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1594,yes -2579-speaker_number-7,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1973, twenty speakers were reported. The speaker number is considerably lower today.",bib7937,no -2579-speakers-7,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1973, twenty speakers were reported. The speaker number is considerably lower today.",bib7937,no -2579-LEI-1,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2579-vitality-1,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2579-speaker_number-6,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1606,yes +2579-speakers-6,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1606,yes +2579-speaker_number-7,2579,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1973, twenty speakers were reported. The speaker number is considerably lower today.",bib7962,no +2579-speakers-7,2579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1973, twenty speakers were reported. The speaker number is considerably lower today.",bib7962,no +2579-LEI-1,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2579-vitality-1,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2579-LEI-2,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2579-vitality-2,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2579-LEI-3,2579,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2579-vitality-3,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2579-LEI-4,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2579-vitality-4,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2579-LEI-4,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2579-vitality-4,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2579-LEI-5,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2579-vitality-5,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2579-LEI-6,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1594,yes -2579-vitality-6,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1594,yes -2579-LEI-7,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2579-vitality-7,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2580-context-1,2580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Australian Kriol, other Aboriginal languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib5129,yes -2580-context-2,2580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no +2579-LEI-6,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1606,yes +2579-vitality-6,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1606,yes +2579-LEI-7,2579,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2579-vitality-7,2579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2580-context-1,2580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Australian Kriol, other Aboriginal languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib5151,yes +2580-context-2,2580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no 2580-location-1,2580,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, upper Daly River""}",,,bib67,no -2580-location-2,2580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5306437, 131.8788657]]}",,,bib1182,no -2580-location-3,2580,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.465267, 132.246841]]}",,"Wardaman people now mainly live around and in Katherine town, although some people who either identify themselves as Wardaman, or consider that identity a major component of their family background, live on stations and in other places in the Victoria River region (including Killarney, Kildurk, and Bulla Stations, Wave Hill, and Yarralin).",bib5129,yes -2580-speaker_number-1,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2580-speakers-1,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2580-location-2,2580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5306437, 131.8788657]]}",,,bib1191,no +2580-location-3,2580,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.465267, 132.246841]]}",,"Wardaman people now mainly live around and in Katherine town, although some people who either identify themselves as Wardaman, or consider that identity a major component of their family background, live on stations and in other places in the Victoria River region (including Killarney, Kildurk, and Bulla Stations, Wave Hill, and Yarralin).",bib5151,yes +2580-speaker_number-1,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2580-speakers-1,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2580-speaker_number-2,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Black 1983),bib67,no 2580-speakers-2,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Black 1983),bib67,no 2580-speaker_number-3,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2580-speakers-3,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2580-speaker_number-4,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2580-speakers-4,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2580-speaker_number-5,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"I estimate there are 30 people aged 40 and above who live in and around Katherine, and regularly speak Wardaman to each other and to other Aboriginal people with whom they live... Additionally, there is a much larger number of people - possible numbering as many as two hundred - who understand Wardaman and consider hearing it spoken around them a regular feature of their lives.",bib5129,yes -2580-speakers-5,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976-1978; 1988-1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<200""}",,"I estimate there are 30 people aged 40 and above who live in and around Katherine, and regularly speak Wardaman to each other and to other Aboriginal people with whom they live... Additionally, there is a much larger number of people - possible numbering as many as two hundred - who understand Wardaman and consider hearing it spoken around them a regular feature of their lives.",bib5129,yes +2580-speaker_number-4,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2580-speakers-4,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2580-speaker_number-5,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"I estimate there are 30 people aged 40 and above who live in and around Katherine, and regularly speak Wardaman to each other and to other Aboriginal people with whom they live... Additionally, there is a much larger number of people - possible numbering as many as two hundred - who understand Wardaman and consider hearing it spoken around them a regular feature of their lives.",bib5151,yes +2580-speakers-5,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976-1978; 1988-1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<200""}",,"I estimate there are 30 people aged 40 and above who live in and around Katherine, and regularly speak Wardaman to each other and to other Aboriginal people with whom they live... Additionally, there is a much larger number of people - possible numbering as many as two hundred - who understand Wardaman and consider hearing it spoken around them a regular feature of their lives.",bib5151,yes 2580-speaker_number-6,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2580-speakers-6,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2580-speaker_number-7,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower now.",bib7937,no -2580-speakers-7,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower now.",bib7937,no -2580-LEI-1,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2580-vitality-1,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2580-speaker_number-7,2580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower now.",bib7962,no +2580-speakers-7,2580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower now.",bib7962,no +2580-LEI-1,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2580-vitality-1,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2580-LEI-2,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2580-vitality-2,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2580-LEI-3,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2580-vitality-3,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2580-LEI-4,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2580-vitality-4,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2580-LEI-5,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5129,yes -2580-transmission-5,2580,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5129,yes -2580-vitality-5,2580,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5129,yes +2580-LEI-4,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2580-vitality-4,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2580-LEI-5,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5151,yes +2580-transmission-5,2580,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5151,yes +2580-vitality-5,2580,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Younger Wardaman people - in my observation, including at least everyone born after the Second World War - do not speak the language actively, but use at most the occasional word and phrase.",bib5151,yes 2580-LEI-6,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2580-vitality-6,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2580-LEI-7,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2580-vitality-7,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2581-context-1,2581,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol to which speakers are shifting.,bib7937,no +2580-LEI-7,2580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2580-vitality-7,2580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2581-context-1,2581,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol to which speakers are shifting.,bib7962,no 2581-location-1,2581,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Mount Leichhardt area""}",,,bib67,no -2581-location-2,2581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.3060053, 132.433994]]}",,,bib1182,no -2581-location-3,2581,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Banka Banka, Ali-Curung, Tennant Creek"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.979026, 134.293442]]}",,,bib3231,yes -2581-location-4,2581,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1387,no -2581-speaker_number-1,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2581-speakers-1,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2581-location-2,2581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.3060053, 132.433994]]}",,,bib1191,no +2581-location-3,2581,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Banka Banka, Ali-Curung, Tennant Creek"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.979026, 134.293442]]}",,,bib3246,yes +2581-location-4,2581,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1399,no +2581-speaker_number-1,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2581-speakers-1,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2581-speaker_number-2,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2581-speakers-2,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2581-speaker_number-3,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2581-speakers-3,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 2581-speaker_number-4,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2581-speakers-4,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2581-speaker_number-5,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The remaining Warlmanpa speakers are few, amounting to a handful of (extended) families...Others, perhaps a few dozen, know a good deal of the language but are more at home in one or more other Australian languages...The number of Warlmanpa speakers is set at 36 by Miliken 1976, but this figure is based more on volunteered tribal affiliation than on the langues commanded by the individual, and is liable to be an under-estimate.",bib3231,yes -2581-speakers-5,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The remaining Warlmanpa speakers are few, amounting to a handful of (extended) families...Others, perhaps a few dozen, know a good deal of the language but are more at home in one or more other Australian languages...The number of Warlmanpa speakers is set at 36 by Miliken 1976, but this figure is based more on volunteered tribal affiliation than on the langues commanded by the individual, and is liable to be an under-estimate.",bib3231,yes -2581-speaker_number-6,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1387,no -2581-speakers-6,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1387,no -2581-speaker_number-7,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower today.",bib7937,no -2581-speakers-7,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower today.",bib7937,no -2581-LEI-1,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2581-vitality-1,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2581-speaker_number-5,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The remaining Warlmanpa speakers are few, amounting to a handful of (extended) families...Others, perhaps a few dozen, know a good deal of the language but are more at home in one or more other Australian languages...The number of Warlmanpa speakers is set at 36 by Miliken 1976, but this figure is based more on volunteered tribal affiliation than on the langues commanded by the individual, and is liable to be an under-estimate.",bib3246,yes +2581-speakers-5,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The remaining Warlmanpa speakers are few, amounting to a handful of (extended) families...Others, perhaps a few dozen, know a good deal of the language but are more at home in one or more other Australian languages...The number of Warlmanpa speakers is set at 36 by Miliken 1976, but this figure is based more on volunteered tribal affiliation than on the langues commanded by the individual, and is liable to be an under-estimate.",bib3246,yes +2581-speaker_number-6,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1399,no +2581-speakers-6,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1399,no +2581-speaker_number-7,2581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower today.",bib7962,no +2581-speakers-7,2581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers is lower today.",bib7962,no +2581-LEI-1,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2581-vitality-1,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2581-LEI-2,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2581-vitality-2,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2581-LEI-3,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2581-vitality-3,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 2581-LEI-4,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2581-vitality-4,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2581-LEI-5,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3231,yes -2581-vitality-5,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3231,yes -2581-LEI-6,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,no -2581-vitality-6,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,no -2581-LEI-7,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2581-vitality-7,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2582-context-1,2582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual Schools""}",,"Despite the impact of English-speaking culture, the status of Warlpiri has remained high.",bib6809,yes +2581-LEI-5,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3246,yes +2581-vitality-5,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3246,yes +2581-LEI-6,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,no +2581-vitality-6,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,no +2581-LEI-7,2581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2581-vitality-7,2581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2582-context-1,2582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Bilingual Schools""}",,"Despite the impact of English-speaking culture, the status of Warlpiri has remained high.",bib6833,yes 2582-location-1,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Yuendumu, Ali Curung Willowra, Alice Springs, Katherine, Darwin, and Lajamanu""}",,,bib67,no -2582-location-2,2582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.58720087, 131.9617683]]}",,,bib1182,no -2582-location-3,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Lajamanu, Tennant Creek""}",,,bib6809,yes -2582-location-4,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Australia""]}",,,bib7416,no -2582-location-5,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia: Yuendumu, Willwra, Lajamanu, Tennant Creek, Alice Springs"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.220966, 132.5354]]}",,,bib786,no -2582-location-6,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Western Australia, Yuendumu, Willowra, Hooker Creek, Warrabri, Papunya"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.200346, 132.184067]]}",,,bib3231,no -2582-speaker_number-1,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -2582-speakers-1,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +2582-location-2,2582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.58720087, 131.9617683]]}",,,bib1191,no +2582-location-3,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Lajamanu, Tennant Creek""}",,,bib6833,yes +2582-location-4,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Australia""]}",,,bib7440,no +2582-location-5,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia: Yuendumu, Willwra, Lajamanu, Tennant Creek, Alice Springs"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.220966, 132.5354]]}",,,bib790,no +2582-location-6,2582,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Western Australia, Yuendumu, Willowra, Hooker Creek, Warrabri, Papunya"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.200346, 132.184067]]}",,,bib3246,no +2582-speaker_number-1,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +2582-speakers-1,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 2582-speaker_number-2,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2582-speakers-2,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,670"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2582-speaker_number-3,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2582-speakers-3,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no 2582-speaker_number-4,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,,no 2582-speakers-4,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,,no -2582-speaker_number-5,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6809,yes -2582-speakers-5,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6809,yes -2582-speaker_number-6,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2582-speakers-6,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2582-speaker_number-7,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speakers of all age groups are reported to use the language 'always'.,bib7416,no -2582-speakers-7,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speakers of all age groups are reported to use the language 'always'.,bib7416,no -2582-speaker_number-8,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib786,no -2582-speakers-8,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib786,no +2582-speaker_number-5,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6833,yes +2582-speakers-5,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6833,yes +2582-speaker_number-6,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2582-speakers-6,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2582-speaker_number-7,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speakers of all age groups are reported to use the language 'always'.,bib7440,no +2582-speakers-7,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speakers of all age groups are reported to use the language 'always'.,bib7440,no +2582-speaker_number-8,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib790,no +2582-speakers-8,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib790,no 2582-speaker_number-9,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2582-speakers-9,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2582-speaker_number-10,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers is set at 2712 by Milliken in 1976, but this is probably a low figure and certainly does not include the many fluent speakers who do not regard their tribal affiliation as Warlpiri.",bib3231,no -2582-speakers-10,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2712"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers is set at 2712 by Milliken in 1976, but this is probably a low figure and certainly does not include the many fluent speakers who do not regard their tribal affiliation as Warlpiri.",bib3231,no -2582-speaker_number-11,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,no -2582-speakers-11,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,no -2582-LEI-1,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2582-vitality-1,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2582-speaker_number-10,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers is set at 2712 by Milliken in 1976, but this is probably a low figure and certainly does not include the many fluent speakers who do not regard their tribal affiliation as Warlpiri.",bib3246,no +2582-speakers-10,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2712"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers is set at 2712 by Milliken in 1976, but this is probably a low figure and certainly does not include the many fluent speakers who do not regard their tribal affiliation as Warlpiri.",bib3246,no +2582-speaker_number-11,2582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,no +2582-speakers-11,2582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,no +2582-LEI-1,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2582-vitality-1,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2582-LEI-2,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2582-vitality-2,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2582-LEI-3,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2582-vitality-3,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 2582-LEI-4,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 2582-vitality-4,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no -2582-LEI-5,2582,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6809,yes -2582-transmission-5,2582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6809,yes -2582-domains_of_use-5,2582,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6809,yes -2582-vitality-5,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6809,yes -2582-LEI-6,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2582-vitality-6,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2582-LEI-7,2582,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7416,no -2582-transmission-7,2582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7416,no -2582-speaker_number_trends-7,2582,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7416,no -2582-vitality-7,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7416,no -2582-LEI-8,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib786,no -2582-vitality-8,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib786,no +2582-LEI-5,2582,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6833,yes +2582-transmission-5,2582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6833,yes +2582-domains_of_use-5,2582,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6833,yes +2582-vitality-5,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The people have gained rights to their own land, and children acquire Warlpiri as their first language. However, there are communities, for example Lajamanu and Tennant Creek, where some parents report that when they speak to their children in Warlpiri, the children answer in English.",bib6833,yes +2582-LEI-6,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2582-vitality-6,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2582-LEI-7,2582,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7440,no +2582-transmission-7,2582,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7440,no +2582-speaker_number_trends-7,2582,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7440,no +2582-vitality-7,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The censuses report 2507 speakers in 2006 and 2509 in 2011, suggesting that this language is stable, showing signs of neither decline nor growth.",bib7440,no +2582-LEI-8,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib790,no +2582-vitality-8,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib790,no 2582-LEI-9,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2582-vitality-9,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2582-LEI-10,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3231,no -2582-vitality-10,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3231,no -2582-LEI-11,2582,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1387,no -2582-transmission-11,2582,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1387,no -2582-domains_of_use-11,2582,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1387,no -2582-speaker_number_trends-11,2582,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1387,no -2582-vitality-11,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1387,no -2583-context-1,2583,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, which the children prefer and some speak as first language.",bib7937,no +2582-LEI-10,2582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3246,no +2582-vitality-10,2582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3246,no +2582-LEI-11,2582,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1399,no +2582-transmission-11,2582,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1399,no +2582-domains_of_use-11,2582,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1399,no +2582-speaker_number_trends-11,2582,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1399,no +2582-vitality-11,2582,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations are...Warlpiri...",bib1399,no +2583-context-1,2583,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, which the children prefer and some speak as first language.",bib7962,no 2583-location-1,2583,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Tennant Creek area""}",,,bib67,no -2583-location-2,2583,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.08616819, 134.5462824]]}",,,bib1182,no -2583-location-3,2583,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1387,yes -2583-speaker_number-1,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2583-speakers-1,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2583-location-2,2583,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.08616819, 134.5462824]]}",,,bib1191,no +2583-location-3,2583,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1399,yes +2583-speaker_number-1,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2583-speakers-1,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2583-speaker_number-2,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2583-speakers-2,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2583-speaker_number-3,2583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2583-speakers-3,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2583-speaker_number-4,2583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2583-speakers-4,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2583-speaker_number-4,2583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2583-speakers-4,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2583-speaker_number-5,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2583-speakers-5,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2583-speaker_number-6,2583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1387,yes -2583-speakers-6,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1387,yes -2583-speaker_number-7,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -2583-speakers-7,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -2583-LEI-1,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2583-vitality-1,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2583-speaker_number-6,2583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1399,yes +2583-speakers-6,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1399,yes +2583-speaker_number-7,2583,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +2583-speakers-7,2583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +2583-LEI-1,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2583-vitality-1,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2583-LEI-2,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2583-vitality-2,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2583-LEI-3,2583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2583-vitality-3,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2583-LEI-4,2583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2583-vitality-4,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2583-LEI-4,2583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2583-vitality-4,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2583-LEI-5,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2583-vitality-5,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2583-LEI-6,2583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,yes -2583-vitality-6,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,yes -2583-LEI-7,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2583-vitality-7,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2584-context-1,2584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Munkan""}",,The large related lingua franca Wik-Munkan exerts pressure on [Wik-Iiyanh].,bib7937,yes -2584-location-1,2584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.768206, 142.717761]]}",,,bib7945,no +2583-LEI-6,2583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,yes +2583-vitality-6,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,yes +2583-LEI-7,2583,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2583-vitality-7,2583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2584-context-1,2584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Munkan""}",,The large related lingua franca Wik-Munkan exerts pressure on [Wik-Iiyanh].,bib7962,yes +2584-location-1,2584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.768206, 142.717761]]}",,,bib7970,no 2584-location-2,2584,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 2584-speaker_number-1,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2584-speakers-1,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2584-speaker_number-2,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2584-speakers-2,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -2584-speaker_number-3,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes -2584-speakers-3,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes +2584-speaker_number-2,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2584-speakers-2,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +2584-speaker_number-3,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes +2584-speakers-3,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes 2584-speaker_number-4,2584,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2584-speakers-4,2584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 2584-LEI-1,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2584-vitality-1,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2584-LEI-2,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2584-vitality-2,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -2584-LEI-3,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2584-vitality-3,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +2584-LEI-2,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2584-vitality-2,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +2584-LEI-3,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2584-vitality-3,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 2584-LEI-4,2584,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2584-vitality-4,2584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2585-location-1,2585,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2585-location-2,2585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.48008965, 128.9740522]]}",,,bib1182,no -2585-location-3,2585,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""]}",,,bib7416,no +2585-location-2,2585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.48008965, 128.9740522]]}",,,bib1191,no +2585-location-3,2585,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""]}",,,bib7440,no 2585-location-4,2585,location,"{""Description"": ""Queensland, Edward river to Aurukun""}",,,bib68,yes -2585-speaker_number-1,2585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2585-speakers-1,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2585-speaker_number-1,2585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2585-speakers-1,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2585-speaker_number-2,2585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2585-speakers-2,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 2585-speaker_number-3,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 2585-speakers-3,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -2585-speaker_number-4,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2585-speakers-4,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2585-speaker_number-5,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7416,no -2585-speakers-5,2585,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""200"", ""Young Adults"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400"", ""Elders"": ""80""}",,,bib7416,no +2585-speaker_number-4,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2585-speakers-4,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2585-speaker_number-5,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7440,no +2585-speakers-5,2585,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""200"", ""Young Adults"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400"", ""Elders"": ""80""}",,,bib7440,no 2585-speaker_number-6,2585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,yes 2585-speakers-6,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""600""}",,,bib68,yes 2585-speaker_number-7,2585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2585-speakers-7,2585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2585-LEI-1,2585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2585-vitality-1,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2585-LEI-1,2585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2585-vitality-1,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2585-LEI-2,2585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2585-vitality-2,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2585-LEI-3,2585,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2585-vitality-3,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2585-LEI-4,2585,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2585-vitality-4,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2585-LEI-5,2585,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7416,no -2585-transmission-5,2585,transmission,2,transmission-2,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7416,no -2585-speaker_number_trends-5,2585,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7416,no -2585-vitality-5,2585,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7416,no +2585-LEI-4,2585,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2585-vitality-4,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2585-LEI-5,2585,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7440,no +2585-transmission-5,2585,transmission,2,transmission-2,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7440,no +2585-speaker_number_trends-5,2585,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7440,no +2585-vitality-5,2585,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Data gathered in comparison to other years suggests that speaker numbers are declining.,bib7440,no 2585-LEI-6,2585,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are learning it (2011). Some also use English,bib68,yes 2585-vitality-6,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are learning it (2011). Some also use English,bib68,yes 2585-LEI-7,2585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2585-vitality-7,2585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2586-context-1,2586,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Munkan""}",,"The younger generation speaks the large neighbouring closely related lingua franca Wik-Munkan, which puts pressure on Wikalkan.",bib7937,yes +2586-context-1,2586,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Munkan""}",,"The younger generation speaks the large neighbouring closely related lingua franca Wik-Munkan, which puts pressure on Wikalkan.",bib7962,yes 2586-location-1,2586,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2586-location-2,2586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.192111, 141.771564]]}",,,bib7945,no -2586-speaker_number-1,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2586-speakers-1,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2586-location-2,2586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.192111, 141.771564]]}",,,bib7970,no +2586-speaker_number-1,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2586-speakers-1,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2586-speaker_number-2,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data on speaker number: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2586-speakers-2,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data on speaker number: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2586-speaker_number-3,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2586-speakers-3,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2586-speaker_number-4,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2586-speakers-4,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<86"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -2586-LEI-1,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2586-vitality-1,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2586-speaker_number-4,2586,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2586-speakers-4,2586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<86"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +2586-LEI-1,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2586-vitality-1,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2586-LEI-2,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2586-vitality-2,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2586-LEI-3,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2586-vitality-3,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2586-LEI-4,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2586-vitality-4,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -2587-context-1,2587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Mungkan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All adults""}",,Now all young people speak the large closely related lingua franca Wik-Mungkan. All adults are bilingual in it.,bib7937,yes +2586-LEI-4,2586,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2586-vitality-4,2586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +2587-context-1,2587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wik-Mungkan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All adults""}",,Now all young people speak the large closely related lingua franca Wik-Mungkan. All adults are bilingual in it.,bib7962,yes 2587-location-1,2587,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2587-location-2,2587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.167, 141.842]]}",,,bib1182,no +2587-location-2,2587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.167, 141.842]]}",,,bib1191,no 2587-speaker_number-1,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oates and Oates (1970).,bib67,no 2587-speakers-1,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oates and Oates (1970).,bib67,no 2587-speaker_number-2,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2587-speakers-2,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2587-speaker_number-3,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2587-speakers-3,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2587-speaker_number-3,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2587-speakers-3,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2587-speaker_number-4,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2587-speakers-4,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2587-speaker_number-5,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has dropped significantly.",bib7937,yes -2587-speakers-5,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has dropped significantly.",bib7937,yes +2587-speaker_number-5,2587,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1970, fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has dropped significantly.",bib7962,yes +2587-speakers-5,2587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1970, fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has dropped significantly.",bib7962,yes 2587-LEI-1,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2587-vitality-1,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2587-LEI-2,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2587-vitality-2,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2587-LEI-3,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2587-vitality-3,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2587-LEI-3,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2587-vitality-3,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2587-LEI-4,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2587-vitality-4,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2587-LEI-5,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2587-vitality-5,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +2587-LEI-5,2587,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2587-vitality-5,2587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 2588-context-1,2588,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Kriol [rop]""}",,,bib69,no -2588-context-2,2588,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Aboriginal English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7937,no -2588-location-1,2588,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.69549526, 124.8442304]]}",,,bib1182,yes +2588-context-2,2588,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Aboriginal English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib7962,no +2588-location-1,2588,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.69549526, 124.8442304]]}",,,bib1191,yes 2588-location-2,2588,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Secure bay and Walcott inlet, Collier bay to Prince Regent river; northern boundary passes up Rothsay Water, inland about 40\u201350 km along Princess May ranges to Mount Hann and Mount French and cliff base of the tablelands.""}",,,bib69,no -2588-speaker_number-1,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2588-speakers-1,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -2588-speakers-2,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,"Full speakers now gone; some part speakers (based on community consultation in Derby, CB, 2011).",bib1182,yes +2588-speaker_number-1,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2588-speakers-1,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +2588-speakers-2,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,"Full speakers now gone; some part speakers (based on community consultation in Derby, CB, 2011).",bib1191,yes 2588-speaker_number-3,2588,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 2588-speakers-3,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -2588-speaker_number-4,2588,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2588-speakers-4,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +2588-speaker_number-4,2588,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2588-speakers-4,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 2588-speaker_number-5,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2588-speakers-5,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2588-speaker_number-6,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib69,no 2588-speakers-6,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib69,no -2588-speaker_number-7,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1990, twenty fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,no -2588-speakers-7,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1990, twenty fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,no -2588-LEI-1,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2588-vitality-1,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -2588-LEI-2,2588,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -2588-vitality-2,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +2588-speaker_number-7,2588,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1990, twenty fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,no +2588-speakers-7,2588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1990, twenty fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,no +2588-LEI-1,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2588-vitality-1,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +2588-LEI-2,2588,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +2588-vitality-2,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 2588-LEI-3,2588,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2588-vitality-3,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2588-LEI-4,2588,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2588-vitality-4,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2588-LEI-4,2588,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2588-vitality-4,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2588-LEI-5,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2588-vitality-5,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2588-LEI-6,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2588-vitality-6,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2588-LEI-7,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children know a little of the language.,bib7937,no -2588-vitality-7,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children know a little of the language.,bib7937,no -2589-context-1,2589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,yes +2588-LEI-7,2588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children know a little of the language.,bib7962,no +2588-vitality-7,2588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children know a little of the language.,bib7962,no +2589-context-1,2589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,yes 2589-location-1,2589,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2589-location-2,2589,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.870039, 135.736922]]}",,,bib7945,no -2589-speaker_number-1,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -2589-speakers-1,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +2589-location-2,2589,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.870039, 135.736922]]}",,,bib7970,no +2589-speaker_number-1,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +2589-speakers-1,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 2589-speaker_number-2,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1996 census. 400 semispeakers or L2 only,bib67,no 2589-speakers-2,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census. 400 semispeakers or L2 only,bib67,no 2589-speaker_number-4,2589,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2589-speakers-4,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2589-speaker_number-5,2589,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2589-speakers-5,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2589-speaker_number-5,2589,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2589-speakers-5,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2589-speaker_number-6,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2589-speakers-6,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2589-speaker_number-7,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1991, 300 fluent speakers and 400 partial or second language speakers were reported. These figures are still essentially valid, but children only understand the language, while speaking the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7937,yes -2589-speakers-7,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,"In 1991, 300 fluent speakers and 400 partial or second language speakers were reported. These figures are still essentially valid, but children only understand the language, while speaking the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7937,yes -2589-LEI-1,2589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2589-vitality-1,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2589-speaker_number-7,2589,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1991, 300 fluent speakers and 400 partial or second language speakers were reported. These figures are still essentially valid, but children only understand the language, while speaking the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7962,yes +2589-speakers-7,2589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400""}",,"In 1991, 300 fluent speakers and 400 partial or second language speakers were reported. These figures are still essentially valid, but children only understand the language, while speaking the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol.",bib7962,yes +2589-LEI-1,2589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2589-vitality-1,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2589-LEI-2,2589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2589-vitality-2,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2589-LEI-3,2589,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2589-vitality-3,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2589-LEI-4,2589,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2589-vitality-4,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2589-LEI-4,2589,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2589-vitality-4,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2589-LEI-5,2589,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2589-vitality-5,2589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2589-LEI-6,2589,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2589-transmission-6,2589,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7937,yes -2589-vitality-6,2589,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,yes -2590-context-1,2590,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole;""}",,,bib7937,yes +2589-LEI-6,2589,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2589-transmission-6,2589,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7962,yes +2589-vitality-6,2589,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,yes +2590-context-1,2590,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole;""}",,,bib7962,yes 2590-location-1,2590,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2590-location-2,2590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.15400921, 141.7960017]]}",,,bib1182,no -2590-speaker_number-1,2590,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib423,no -2590-speakers-1,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib423,no -2590-speaker_number-2,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2590-speakers-2,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2590-location-2,2590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.15400921, 141.7960017]]}",,,bib1191,no +2590-speaker_number-1,2590,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib424,no +2590-speakers-1,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib424,no +2590-speaker_number-2,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2590-speakers-2,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2590-speaker_number-3,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data is from B. Sommer (1991).,bib67,no 2590-speakers-3,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data is from B. Sommer (1991).,bib67,no 2590-speakers-4,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib34,no 2590-speaker_number-5,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2590-speakers-5,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2590-speaker_number-6,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2590-speakers-6,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -2590-LEI-1,2590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib423,no -2590-vitality-1,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib423,no -2590-LEI-2,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2590-vitality-2,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2590-speaker_number-6,2590,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2590-speakers-6,2590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +2590-LEI-1,2590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib424,no +2590-vitality-1,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib424,no +2590-LEI-2,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2590-vitality-2,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2590-LEI-3,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2590-vitality-3,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2590-LEI-4,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2590-vitality-4,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2590-LEI-5,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2590-vitality-5,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +2590-LEI-5,2590,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2590-vitality-5,2590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 2591-location-1,2591,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -2591-location-2,2591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.162169, -93.083664]]}",,,bib7945,no -2591-location-3,2591,location,"{""Places"": [""Jalpa de M\u00e9ndez, Tabasco""]}",,,bib6077,no -2591-location-4,2591,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ayapa, Jalpa de M\u00e9ndez, Tabasco"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.223405, -93.111446]]}",,,bib7117,no -2591-speaker_number-1,2591,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Also Rangel, Jhonnatan, pers. comm. 2022.",bib6130,yes -2591-speakers-1,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Calculating the number of speakers can be tricky due to the level of endangerment, but my latest count is approximately 4 elder speakers and 1 younger heritage speaker. There are probably more heritage speakers but [they] haven't been surveyed yet....There might be some new speakers soon due to the 10-year revitalization process."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Also Rangel, Jhonnatan, pers. comm. 2022.",bib6130,yes +2591-location-2,2591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.162169, -93.083664]]}",,,bib7970,no +2591-location-3,2591,location,"{""Places"": [""Jalpa de M\u00e9ndez, Tabasco""]}",,,bib6101,no +2591-location-4,2591,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ayapa, Jalpa de M\u00e9ndez, Tabasco"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.223405, -93.111446]]}",,,bib7141,no +2591-speaker_number-1,2591,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Also Rangel, Jhonnatan, pers. comm. 2022.",bib6154,yes +2591-speakers-1,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Calculating the number of speakers can be tricky due to the level of endangerment, but my latest count is approximately 4 elder speakers and 1 younger heritage speaker. There are probably more heritage speakers but [they] haven't been surveyed yet....There might be some new speakers soon due to the 10-year revitalization process."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Also Rangel, Jhonnatan, pers. comm. 2022.",bib6154,yes 2591-speaker_number-2,2591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. García de León (1971). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 1960 census.,bib67,no 2591-speakers-2,2591,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""367"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. García de León (1971). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 1960 census.,bib67,no -2591-speaker_number-3,2591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Garza Cuarón and Lastra 1991; Wichmann 1995).,bib6077,no -2591-speakers-3,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Garza Cuarón and Lastra 1991; Wichmann 1995).,bib6077,no +2591-speaker_number-3,2591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Garza Cuarón and Lastra 1991; Wichmann 1995).,bib6101,no +2591-speakers-3,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Garza Cuarón and Lastra 1991; Wichmann 1995).,bib6101,no 2591-speaker_number-4,2591,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2591-speakers-4,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2591-speaker_number-5,2591,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are four speakers who are currently actively involved in efforts to preserve and teach Ayapanec Gulf Zoquean and perhaps 6-8 more residents of Ayapa who spoke the language as children and could be considered semi-speakers or rememberers. The story about ""the last two speakers who do not speak to each other"" is a powerful narrative but one that was never true. Alas it continues to circulate in spite of efforts by me and Mexico's National Institute of Indigenous Languages to dispel it.",bib7117,no -2591-speakers-5,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6-8""}",,"There are four speakers who are currently actively involved in efforts to preserve and teach Ayapanec Gulf Zoquean and perhaps 6-8 more residents of Ayapa who spoke the language as children and could be considered semi-speakers or rememberers. The story about ""the last two speakers who do not speak to each other"" is a powerful narrative but one that was never true. Alas it continues to circulate in spite of efforts by me and Mexico's National Institute of Indigenous Languages to dispel it.",bib7117,no -2591-LEI-1,2591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6130,yes -2591-vitality-1,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6130,yes +2591-speaker_number-5,2591,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are four speakers who are currently actively involved in efforts to preserve and teach Ayapanec Gulf Zoquean and perhaps 6-8 more residents of Ayapa who spoke the language as children and could be considered semi-speakers or rememberers. The story about ""the last two speakers who do not speak to each other"" is a powerful narrative but one that was never true. Alas it continues to circulate in spite of efforts by me and Mexico's National Institute of Indigenous Languages to dispel it.",bib7141,no +2591-speakers-5,2591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6-8""}",,"There are four speakers who are currently actively involved in efforts to preserve and teach Ayapanec Gulf Zoquean and perhaps 6-8 more residents of Ayapa who spoke the language as children and could be considered semi-speakers or rememberers. The story about ""the last two speakers who do not speak to each other"" is a powerful narrative but one that was never true. Alas it continues to circulate in spite of efforts by me and Mexico's National Institute of Indigenous Languages to dispel it.",bib7141,no +2591-LEI-1,2591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6154,yes +2591-vitality-1,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6154,yes 2591-LEI-2,2591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2591-vitality-2,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2591-LEI-3,2591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -2591-vitality-3,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no +2591-LEI-3,2591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +2591-vitality-3,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no 2591-LEI-4,2591,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2591-vitality-4,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2591-LEI-5,2591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7117,no -2591-vitality-5,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7117,no -2592-location-1,2592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1487, 18.0175]]}",,,bib5307,no +2591-LEI-5,2591,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7141,no +2591-vitality-5,2591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7141,no +2592-location-1,2592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1487, 18.0175]]}",,,bib5330,no 2592-location-2,2592,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2592-speaker_number-1,2592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2592-speakers-1,2592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2592-speaker_number-1,2592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2592-speakers-1,2592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2592-speaker_number-2,2592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2592-speakers-2,2592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2592-speaker_number-3,2592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2592-speakers-3,2592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2592-LEI-1,2592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2592-vitality-1,2592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2592-LEI-1,2592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2592-vitality-1,2592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2592-LEI-2,2592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2592-vitality-2,2592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2592-LEI-3,2592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2592-vitality-3,2592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2593-location-1,2593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5958, 17.0397]]}",,,bib5307,no -2593-location-2,2593,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib6944,no +2593-location-1,2593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5958, 17.0397]]}",,,bib5330,no +2593-location-2,2593,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib6968,no 2593-location-3,2593,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,yes -2593-speaker_number-1,2593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2593-speakers-1,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2593-speaker_number-2,2593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -2593-speakers-2,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +2593-speaker_number-1,2593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2593-speakers-1,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2593-speaker_number-2,2593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +2593-speakers-2,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 2593-speaker_number-3,2593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2593-speakers-3,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2593-speaker_number-4,2593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1997).,bib67,yes 2593-speakers-4,2593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1997).,bib67,yes -2593-LEI-1,2593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2593-vitality-1,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2593-LEI-2,2593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -2593-vitality-2,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +2593-LEI-1,2593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2593-vitality-1,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2593-LEI-2,2593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +2593-vitality-2,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 2593-LEI-3,2593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2593-vitality-3,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2593-LEI-4,2593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2593-vitality-4,2593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2594-location-1,2594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.48, 18.2125]]}",,,bib5307,no +2594-location-1,2594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.48, 18.2125]]}",,,bib5330,no 2594-location-2,2594,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Gu\u00e9ra region, Bahr Signaka Department, Melfi Subprefecture, about 60 kms. Northeast of Melfi.""}",,,bib67,yes -2594-speaker_number-1,2594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2594-speakers-1,2594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2594-speaker_number-1,2594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2594-speakers-1,2594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2594-speaker_number-2,2594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2594-speakers-2,2594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2594-speaker_number-3,2594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data from SIL(1999).,bib67,yes 2594-speakers-3,2594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data from SIL(1999).,bib67,yes -2594-LEI-1,2594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2594-vitality-1,2594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2594-LEI-1,2594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2594-vitality-1,2594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2594-LEI-2,2594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2594-vitality-2,2594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2594-LEI-3,2594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2594-vitality-3,2594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2595-context-1,2595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; Bidiyo; Daju;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the home domain, with spouse and children, both of the groups reported that only Ubi is used... At the village level, with friends, in the fields, and in the market, Ubi is also widely used, though not exclusively.",bib3710,yes -2595-location-1,2595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1534, 18.6946]]}",,,bib5307,no +2595-context-1,2595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; Bidiyo; Daju;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the home domain, with spouse and children, both of the groups reported that only Ubi is used... At the village level, with friends, in the fields, and in the market, Ubi is also widely used, though not exclusively.",bib3729,yes +2595-location-1,2595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1534, 18.6946]]}",,,bib5330,no 2595-location-2,2595,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Gu\u00e9ra region: Gu\u00e9ra department, Mongo subprefecture, southwest of Tounkoul, Oubi village area.""}",,,bib69,no -2595-speaker_number-1,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2595-speakers-1,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2595-speaker_number-1,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2595-speakers-1,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2595-speaker_number-2,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 2595-speakers-2,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2595-speaker_number-3,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3710,yes -2595-speakers-3,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3710,yes +2595-speaker_number-3,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3729,yes +2595-speakers-3,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3729,yes 2595-speaker_number-4,2595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2595-speakers-4,2595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2595-LEI-1,2595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2595-vitality-1,2595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2595-LEI-1,2595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2595-vitality-1,2595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2595-LEI-2,2595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2595-vitality-2,2595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2595-LEI-3,2595,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3710,yes -2595-transmission-3,2595,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3710,yes -2595-domains_of_use-3,2595,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3710,yes -2595-vitality-3,2595,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3710,yes +2595-LEI-3,2595,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3729,yes +2595-transmission-3,2595,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3729,yes +2595-domains_of_use-3,2595,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3729,yes +2595-vitality-3,2595,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Baggo [village] group were confident that the children would still be speaking Ubi when they are married and have their own children, but the Gantoura [village] men said they would speak then a mixture of Ubi and Arabic.",bib3729,yes 2595-LEI-4,2595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2595-vitality-4,2595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2596-context-1,2596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,,bib69,no @@ -25787,8 +25973,8 @@ surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level 2596-speaker_number-2,2596,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"3 (Adelaar 2007). 30–35 nonfluent speakers. Ethnic population: 1,000 (1991).",bib69,no 2596-speakers-2,2596,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3 (Adelaar 2007). 30\u201335 nonfluent speakers. Ethnic population: 1,000 (1991)."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30-35""}",,"3 (Adelaar 2007). 30–35 nonfluent speakers. Ethnic population: 1,000 (1991).",bib69,no 2596-speakers-3,2596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The language experienced a revival in the 1970s when efforts for cultural preservation began.,bib44,yes -2596-speaker_number-4,2596,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6077,no -2596-speakers-4,2596,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib6077,no +2596-speaker_number-4,2596,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6101,no +2596-speakers-4,2596,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib6101,no 2596-LEI-1,2596,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2596-vitality-1,2596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2596-LEI-2,2596,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Elderly only.,bib69,no @@ -25796,393 +25982,393 @@ surveys indicates an increase in the number of speakers and of proficiency level 2596-vitality-2,2596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Elderly only.,bib69,no 2596-LEI-3,2596,LEI,Awakening (),,"Today, the language is taught in schools through the fifth grade.",bib44,yes 2596-vitality-3,2596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Today, the language is taught in schools through the fifth grade.",bib44,yes -2596-LEI-4,2596,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -2596-transmission-4,2596,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6077,no -2596-speaker_number_trends-4,2596,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6077,no -2596-vitality-4,2596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6077,no -2597-location-1,2597,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Antioquia: mainly on the banks of the Murr\u0131\u00b4 and its tributaries; Department of Co\u00b4rdoba: on the banks of the San Jorg; on almost all the big rivers, especially in the river basins of the Atrato and the Baudo\u00b4,\nalong the Middle and Upper San Juan, and in the Tado\u00b4 area; Department of Risaralda:\non the Cam\u0131\u00b4 River (Chami); Department of Cauca: on the Saija and its small tributaries; Department of Caldas: along the network of rivers in the Dabeiba region (tributaries of the San Juan River); Department of Nari\u00f1o: on the Morondo\u00b4 and\nSatinga rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +2596-LEI-4,2596,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +2596-transmission-4,2596,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6101,no +2596-speaker_number_trends-4,2596,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6101,no +2596-vitality-4,2596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6101,no +2597-location-1,2597,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Antioquia: mainly on the banks of the Murr\u0131\u00b4 and its tributaries; Department of Co\u00b4rdoba: on the banks of the San Jorg; on almost all the big rivers, especially in the river basins of the Atrato and the Baudo\u00b4,\nalong the Middle and Upper San Juan, and in the Tado\u00b4 area; Department of Risaralda:\non the Cam\u0131\u00b4 River (Chami); Department of Cauca: on the Saija and its small tributaries; Department of Caldas: along the network of rivers in the Dabeiba region (tributaries of the San Juan River); Department of Nari\u00f1o: on the Morondo\u00b4 and\nSatinga rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 2597-location-2,2597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.0, -76.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2597-speakers-1,2597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~71,410""}",,"The ethnic group in Colombia is approximately 71,410; there are more in Ecuador.",bib1903,no +2597-speakers-1,2597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~71,410""}",,"The ethnic group in Colombia is approximately 71,410; there are more in Ecuador.",bib1915,no 2597-speaker_number-2,2597,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747? population Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). - Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1902,yes + Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1914,yes 2597-speakers-2,2597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""88,812"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~88,799"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747? population Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). - Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1902,yes + Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1914,yes 2597-speaker_number-3,2597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic population: Total Embera in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango and Sánchez 1998)",bib67,no 2597-speakers-3,2597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic population: Total Embera in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango and Sánchez 1998)",bib67,no -2597-LEI-1,2597,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2597-vitality-1,2597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2597-LEI-1,2597,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2597-vitality-1,2597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2597-LEI-2,2597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2597-vitality-2,2597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2598-context-1,2598,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French. Guianese Creole French, Portuguese""}",,,bib67,no 2598-location-1,2598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.16666666667, -52.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2598-location-2,2598,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana""]}",,"In the Maroni River area, on the Suriname border; in the Brazil border area, at the confluence of the Camopi and Oiapock rivers.",bib67,no -2598-location-3,2598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8991, -52.8881]]}",,,bib5307,no -2598-location-4,2598,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana""], ""Description"": ""French Guiana, southern border area, along the Upper Maroni and Oyapock rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2598-location-5,2598,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2598-location-3,2598,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8991, -52.8881]]}",,,bib5330,no +2598-location-4,2598,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana""], ""Description"": ""French Guiana, southern border area, along the Upper Maroni and Oyapock rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2598-location-5,2598,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2598-speaker_number-1,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 2598-speakers-1,2598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -2598-speaker_number-2,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2598-speakers-2,2598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2598-speaker_number-3,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2598-speakers-3,2598,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2598-speaker_number-2,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2598-speakers-2,2598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2598-speaker_number-3,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2598-speakers-3,2598,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2598-speaker_number-4,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2598-speakers-4,2598,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2598-speaker_number-5,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2598-speakers-5,2598,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2598-speaker_number-5,2598,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2598-speakers-5,2598,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2598-LEI-1,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2598-vitality-1,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2598-LEI-2,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2598-vitality-2,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2598-LEI-3,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Emerillon were on the brink of extinction but now they seem to be recovering at the demographic and linguistic levels.,bib1903,no -2598-vitality-3,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The Emerillon were on the brink of extinction but now they seem to be recovering at the demographic and linguistic levels.,bib1903,no +2598-LEI-2,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2598-vitality-2,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2598-LEI-3,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Emerillon were on the brink of extinction but now they seem to be recovering at the demographic and linguistic levels.,bib1915,no +2598-vitality-3,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The Emerillon were on the brink of extinction but now they seem to be recovering at the demographic and linguistic levels.,bib1915,no 2598-LEI-4,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2598-vitality-4,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2598-LEI-5,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2598-vitality-5,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2598-LEI-5,2598,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2598-vitality-5,2598,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2605-context-1,2605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes 2605-context-2,2605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 2605-location-1,2605,location,"{""Description"": ""The language is located on the left bank of the river Meta in the town of Orocue. There is another Saliva speaking community in Vichada named Santa Rosalia. Saliva is also spoken in the neighboring republic of Venezuela. The main settlements are: Council Ucumo, duya, San Juanito, Cayman Paravare, Guanapalo, Macucuama, blinder and Santa Rosalia in the low Casanare.""}",,,bib3,no 2605-location-2,2605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0, -70.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2605-location-3,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Casanare, Vichadad, Meta, and Arauca departments, upstream from confluence of Meta and Casanare rivers.""}",,"Casanare, Vichadad, Meta, and Arauca departments, upstream from confluence of Meta and Casanare rivers.",bib67,no -2605-location-4,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El grupo \u00e9tnico s\u00e1liba se encuentra ubicado en el oriente de Colombia en los departamentos de Casanare,Vichada y Meta; tambi\u00e9n hay s\u00e1libas en la vecina rep\u00fablica de Venezuela. \n\n[The S\u00e1liba ethnic group is located in eastern Colombia in the departments of Casanare, Vichada, and Meta; Also there S\u00e1libas in the neighboring republic of Venezuela.]""}",,,bib6119,yes -2605-location-5,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Middle Orinoco River region of Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.9239, -71.4268], [5.9644, -67.396678]]}",,,bib3965,no +2605-location-4,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El grupo \u00e9tnico s\u00e1liba se encuentra ubicado en el oriente de Colombia en los departamentos de Casanare,Vichada y Meta; tambi\u00e9n hay s\u00e1libas en la vecina rep\u00fablica de Venezuela. \n\n[The S\u00e1liba ethnic group is located in eastern Colombia in the departments of Casanare, Vichada, and Meta; Also there S\u00e1libas in the neighboring republic of Venezuela.]""}",,,bib6143,yes +2605-location-5,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Middle Orinoco River region of Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.9239, -71.4268], [5.9644, -67.396678]]}",,,bib3985,no 2605-location-6,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Colombia: Arauca, Casanare, Meta, and Vichadad departments: upstream from confluence of Meta and Casanare rivers. In Venezuela: Amazonas state: Cedoño municipality.",bib70,no -2605-location-7,2605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3097, -69.873]]}",,,bib5307,no -2605-location-8,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no +2605-location-7,2605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3097, -69.873]]}",,,bib5330,no +2605-location-8,2605,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no 2605-speaker_number-1,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,310 in Colombia (1993 census).",bib67,no 2605-speakers-1,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,310 in Colombia (1993 census).",bib67,no 2605-speaker_number-2,2605,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life.]",bib6143,yes 2605-speakers-2,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life.]",bib6119,yes -2605-speaker_number-3,2605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3965,no -2605-speakers-3,2605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,127"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""213 in total: 187 in Colombia (Jimenez y Gir\u00f3n 2009) and 26 in Venezuela (INE 2016)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011, 2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3965,no +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life.]",bib6143,yes +2605-speaker_number-3,2605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3985,no +2605-speakers-3,2605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,127"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""213 in total: 187 in Colombia (Jimenez y Gir\u00f3n 2009) and 26 in Venezuela (INE 2016)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011, 2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3985,no 2605-speaker_number-4,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,300 in Colombia, 250 in Venezuela",bib70,no 2605-speakers-4,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia), 1991 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,300 in Colombia, 250 in Venezuela",bib70,no -2605-speaker_number-5,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2605-speakers-5,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2605-speaker_number-5,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2605-speakers-5,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2605-speaker_number-6,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2605-speakers-6,2605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,555"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2605-speaker_number-7,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Less than 1929 of its ethnic population speak it in Colombia (2001), and there are 36 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 265 people in Venezuela.",bib1902,no -2605-speakers-7,2605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,194"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,965"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Less than 1929 of its ethnic population speak it in Colombia (2001), and there are 36 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 265 people in Venezuela.",bib1902,no +2605-speaker_number-7,2605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Less than 1929 of its ethnic population speak it in Colombia (2001), and there are 36 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 265 people in Venezuela.",bib1914,no +2605-speakers-7,2605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,194"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,965"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Less than 1929 of its ethnic population speak it in Colombia (2001), and there are 36 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 265 people in Venezuela.",bib1914,no 2605-LEI-1,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2605-vitality-1,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2605-LEI-2,2605,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes 2605-transmission-2,2605,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes 2605-domains_of_use-2,2605,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes 2605-speaker_number_trends-2,2605,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes 2605-vitality-2,2605,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Según un censo reciente realizado por el Programa de Protección a la Diversidad Etnolingüística (PPDE) del Ministerio de Cultura, la población sáliba de Colombia es de 2.231 personas, sin embargo, sólo el 2% de esos indígenas hablan la lengua sáliba en la vida cotidiana, razón por la cual este idioma se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción debido a que la mayor parte de la población se comunica en español. Sólo las personas mayores de 50 años, principalmente las mujeres, hablan sáliba habitualmente; los demás, son hablantes pasivos, es decir que entienden todo lo que se dice en ese idioma, pero les da temor, vergüenza o como ellos mismos dicen, ‘se les dificulta pronunciar los sonidos’ de su lengua materna. (p. 108) -[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6119,yes -2605-LEI-3,2605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3965,no -2605-vitality-3,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3965,no +[According to a recent survey conducted by the Program for the Protection of Ethnolinguist Diversity (PPDE) of the Ministry of Culture, the Sáliba population of Colombia is 2,231; however, only 2% of those Indians [45 persons] speak Sáliba in everyday life, the reason for why this language is in serious danger of extinction because most of the population communicates in Spanish. Only persons over 50 years old, mainly women, usually speak Sáliba; others are passive speakers, i.e. they understand everything that is said in that language, but it makes them fearful, ashamed, or as they say, ‘it is difficult for them to pronounce the sounds’ of their mother tongue.]",bib6143,yes +2605-LEI-3,2605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3985,no +2605-vitality-3,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3985,no 2605-LEI-4,2605,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2605-transmission-4,2605,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 2605-speaker_number_trends-4,2605,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2605-vitality-4,2605,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2605-LEI-5,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2605-vitality-5,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2605-LEI-5,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2605-vitality-5,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2605-LEI-6,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2605-vitality-6,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2605-LEI-7,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2605-vitality-7,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2606-context-1,2606,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,English is a bigger threat than Tok Pisin.,bib6983,no -2606-location-1,2606,location,"{""Places"": [""Milne Bay Province""]}",,People live in hamlets of extended family groups and in some cases several hamlets together form a village.,bib6983,no +2605-LEI-7,2605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2605-vitality-7,2605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2606-context-1,2606,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,English is a bigger threat than Tok Pisin.,bib7007,no +2606-location-1,2606,location,"{""Places"": [""Milne Bay Province""]}",,People live in hamlets of extended family groups and in some cases several hamlets together form a village.,bib7007,no 2606-location-2,2606,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5833333333, 150.716666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2606-speaker_number-1,2606,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most Saliba and Logea people are living a traditional life style centred around fishing and subsistence farming.,bib6983,no -2606-speakers-1,2606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most Saliba and Logea people are living a traditional life style centred around fishing and subsistence farming.,bib6983,no +2606-speaker_number-1,2606,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most Saliba and Logea people are living a traditional life style centred around fishing and subsistence farming.,bib7007,no +2606-speakers-1,2606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most Saliba and Logea people are living a traditional life style centred around fishing and subsistence farming.,bib7007,no 2606-speaker_number-2,2606,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oetzel (2007).,bib67,yes 2606-speakers-2,2606,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Oetzel (2007).,bib67,yes -2606-LEI-1,2606,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6983,no -2606-vitality-1,2606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6983,no +2606-LEI-1,2606,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no +2606-vitality-1,2606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no 2606-LEI-2,2606,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,yes 2606-vitality-2,2606,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,yes -2607-context-1,2607,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Media and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,"Marquesan and French are used, partly in different and partly in the same domains of everyday life. Moreover, the speech of Marquesan adults is characterised by French-Marquesan code-switching and code-mixing (Riley 2001; Cablitz 2002).",bib6983,no -2607-context-2,2607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tahitian""}",,"Today the Marquesan community is bilingual with Marquesan and French being used in overlapping domains. Contemporary Marquesan is characterized by French-Marquesan code-switching and by French, Tahitian, and English loans.",bib1377,yes -2607-location-1,2607,location,"{""Places"": [""Marquesas Island, French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Situated 1400 km northeast of Tahiti which is the political, economic, educational and administrative center of French Polynesia.""}",,,bib6983,no +2607-context-1,2607,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Media and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,"Marquesan and French are used, partly in different and partly in the same domains of everyday life. Moreover, the speech of Marquesan adults is characterised by French-Marquesan code-switching and code-mixing (Riley 2001; Cablitz 2002).",bib7007,no +2607-context-2,2607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Tahitian""}",,"Today the Marquesan community is bilingual with Marquesan and French being used in overlapping domains. Contemporary Marquesan is characterized by French-Marquesan code-switching and by French, Tahitian, and English loans.",bib1389,yes +2607-location-1,2607,location,"{""Places"": [""Marquesas Island, French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Situated 1400 km northeast of Tahiti which is the political, economic, educational and administrative center of French Polynesia.""}",,,bib7007,no 2607-location-2,2607,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.91666666667, -140.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2607-speaker_number-1,2607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1377,yes -2607-speakers-1,2607,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""One or two thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1377,yes +2607-speaker_number-1,2607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1389,yes +2607-speakers-1,2607,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""One or two thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1389,yes 2607-speaker_number-2,2607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Numbers based on (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 2607-speakers-2,2607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Numbers based on (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no -2607-LEI-1,2607,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1377,yes -2607-transmission-1,2607,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1377,yes -2607-domains_of_use-1,2607,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1377,yes -2607-speaker_number_trends-1,2607,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1377,yes -2607-vitality-1,2607,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1377,yes +2607-LEI-1,2607,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1389,yes +2607-transmission-1,2607,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1389,yes +2607-domains_of_use-1,2607,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1389,yes +2607-speaker_number_trends-1,2607,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1389,yes +2607-vitality-1,2607,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In many areas, particularly the more urbanized ones, children do not acquire Marquesan as their first language. In urban areas, Most children under the age of fifteen have acquired French as their first language and have little or no competence in Marquesan. In smaller valleys children under the age of ten are often addressed in French and may have only a passive knowledge of Marquesan. In areas where Marquesan is still used as a home language schooling is only assured until age eight or nine. At that age children leave their home valley and attend secondary school in urbanized areas where French is the lingua franca.",bib1389,yes 2607-LEI-2,2607,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2607-vitality-2,2607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2608-context-1,2608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngarinman, Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no +2608-context-1,2608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngarinman, Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no 2608-location-1,2608,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -2608-location-2,2608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.02818965, 130.3565783]]}",,,bib1182,no -2608-location-3,2608,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria River District""}",,,bib6657,yes -2608-speaker_number-1,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -2608-speakers-1,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +2608-location-2,2608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.02818965, 130.3565783]]}",,,bib1191,no +2608-location-3,2608,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwest Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria River District""}",,,bib6681,yes +2608-speaker_number-1,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +2608-speakers-1,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 2608-speaker_number-2,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Schmidt (1991).,bib67,no 2608-speakers-2,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Schmidt (1991).,bib67,no 2608-speaker_number-3,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 2608-speakers-3,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -2608-speaker_number-4,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2608-speakers-4,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2608-speaker_number-4,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2608-speakers-4,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2608-speaker_number-5,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2608-speakers-5,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2608-speaker_number-6,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2608-speakers-6,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -2608-speaker_number-7,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Today, there are less than a hundred fluent speakers of Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru, scattered over a number of Aboriginal Communities in a large area.",bib6657,yes -2608-speakers-7,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Today, there are less than a hundred fluent speakers of Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru, scattered over a number of Aboriginal Communities in a large area.",bib6657,yes -2608-LEI-1,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -2608-vitality-1,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +2608-speaker_number-6,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2608-speakers-6,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +2608-speaker_number-7,2608,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Today, there are less than a hundred fluent speakers of Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru, scattered over a number of Aboriginal Communities in a large area.",bib6681,yes +2608-speakers-7,2608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Today, there are less than a hundred fluent speakers of Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru, scattered over a number of Aboriginal Communities in a large area.",bib6681,yes +2608-LEI-1,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +2608-vitality-1,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 2608-LEI-2,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2608-vitality-2,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2608-LEI-3,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 2608-vitality-3,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -2608-LEI-4,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2608-vitality-4,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2608-LEI-4,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2608-vitality-4,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2608-LEI-5,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2608-vitality-5,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2608-LEI-6,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2608-vitality-6,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -2608-LEI-7,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6657,yes -2608-vitality-7,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6657,yes -2625-location-1,2625,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Fadan Wate in Kaduna State, Nigeria... The Ninzo live in some twenty villages on the border of Plateau and Nassarawa States in Central Nigeria in \nan oval between Gwantu, Akwanga and Wamba.""}",,,bib988,no -2625-location-2,2625,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns of R\u00e0nd\u00e1, Maitozo"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.799812, 8.51689]]}",,,bib7838,no -2625-speaker_number-1,2625,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib605,yes -2625-speakers-1,2625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib605,yes +2608-LEI-6,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2608-vitality-6,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +2608-LEI-7,2608,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6681,yes +2608-vitality-7,2608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6681,yes +2625-location-1,2625,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Fadan Wate in Kaduna State, Nigeria... The Ninzo live in some twenty villages on the border of Plateau and Nassarawa States in Central Nigeria in \nan oval between Gwantu, Akwanga and Wamba.""}",,,bib992,no +2625-location-2,2625,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns of R\u00e0nd\u00e1, Maitozo"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.799812, 8.51689]]}",,,bib7863,no +2625-speaker_number-1,2625,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib608,yes +2625-speakers-1,2625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib608,yes 2625-speaker_number-2,2625,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1973).,bib67,no 2625-speakers-2,2625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1973).,bib67,no -2625-LEI-2,2625,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,yes -2625-vitality-2,2625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,yes +2625-LEI-2,2625,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,yes +2625-vitality-2,2625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,yes 2625-LEI-3,2625,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2625-vitality-3,2625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2645-context-1,2645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2645-context-2,2645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no -2645-location-1,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Frieda River, Sandaun Province""}",,,bib3265,no -2645-location-2,2645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 142.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -2645-location-3,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Paupe village""}",,,bib4545,no -2645-location-4,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Most Papi-speakers \""live at the village of Papi (Paupe). This village has shifted to a new location still on the Frieda River, two miles downstream from the Frieda River airstrip. A few Papi speakers also live in the small hamlet of Wasimai on the Leonhard Schultze River.\""""}",,,bib1794,yes +2645-context-2,2645,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no +2645-location-1,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Frieda River, Sandaun Province""}",,,bib3281,no +2645-location-2,2645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 142.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +2645-location-3,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Paupe village""}",,,bib4566,no +2645-location-4,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Most Papi-speakers \""live at the village of Papi (Paupe). This village has shifted to a new location still on the Frieda River, two miles downstream from the Frieda River airstrip. A few Papi speakers also live in the small hamlet of Wasimai on the Leonhard Schultze River.\""""}",,,bib1806,yes 2645-location-5,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun and East Sepik provinces, Frieda river, 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -2645-location-6,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken south of the Upper Sepik, in one village on the lower Frieda River, a southern tributary of the Upper Sepik, southeast of the May River settlement.""}",,,bib7937,no -2645-speaker_number-1,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3265,no -2645-speakers-1,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3265,no -2645-speaker_number-2,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3266,no -2645-speakers-2,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3266,no -2645-speaker_number-3,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2645-speakers-3,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2645-speaker_number-4,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,no -2645-speakers-4,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,no -2645-speaker_number-5,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,about 70 people,bib1794,yes -2645-speakers-5,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,about 70 people,bib1794,yes +2645-location-6,2645,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken south of the Upper Sepik, in one village on the lower Frieda River, a southern tributary of the Upper Sepik, southeast of the May River settlement.""}",,,bib7962,no +2645-speaker_number-1,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3281,no +2645-speakers-1,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3281,no +2645-speaker_number-2,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3282,no +2645-speakers-2,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3282,no +2645-speaker_number-3,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2645-speakers-3,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2645-speaker_number-4,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,no +2645-speakers-4,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,no +2645-speaker_number-5,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,about 70 people,bib1806,yes +2645-speakers-5,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,about 70 people,bib1806,yes 2645-speaker_number-6,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2645-speakers-6,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2645-speaker_number-7,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 2645-speakers-7,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -2645-speaker_number-8,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2645-speakers-8,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -2645-LEI-1,2645,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3265,no -2645-transmission-1,2645,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3265,no -2645-vitality-1,2645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3265,no -2645-LEI-2,2645,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2645-transmission-2,2645,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2645-vitality-2,2645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2645-LEI-3,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2645-vitality-3,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2645-LEI-4,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2645-vitality-4,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2645-LEI-5,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -2645-vitality-5,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes +2645-speaker_number-8,2645,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2645-speakers-8,2645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +2645-LEI-1,2645,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3281,no +2645-transmission-1,2645,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3281,no +2645-vitality-1,2645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Baiyamo language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Jack Kennedy 2009).,bib3281,no +2645-LEI-2,2645,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2645-transmission-2,2645,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2645-vitality-2,2645,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2645-LEI-3,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2645-vitality-3,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2645-LEI-4,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2645-vitality-4,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2645-LEI-5,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +2645-vitality-5,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes 2645-LEI-6,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2645-vitality-6,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2645-LEI-7,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2645-vitality-7,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2645-LEI-8,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All the speakers know at least some Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language.",bib7937,no -2645-vitality-8,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"All the speakers know at least some Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language.",bib7937,no -2646-context-1,2646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mumeng, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7937,no -2646-location-1,2646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9591, 146.4257]]}",,,bib5307,no -2646-location-2,2646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken to the west of the western extremity of the Huon Gulf on the upper Watut River.""}",,,bib7937,no +2645-LEI-8,2645,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All the speakers know at least some Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language.",bib7962,no +2645-vitality-8,2645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"All the speakers know at least some Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language.",bib7962,no +2646-context-1,2646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mumeng, Tok Pisin""}",,,bib7962,no +2646-location-1,2646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9591, 146.4257]]}",,,bib5330,no +2646-location-2,2646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken to the west of the western extremity of the Huon Gulf on the upper Watut River.""}",,,bib7962,no 2646-location-3,2646,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2646-speaker_number-1,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2646-speakers-1,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2646-speaker_number-2,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1970, 130 speakers were reported. There are likely to be less today.",bib7937,no -2646-speakers-2,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1970, 130 speakers were reported. There are likely to be less today.",bib7937,no +2646-speaker_number-1,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2646-speakers-1,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2646-speaker_number-2,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1970, 130 speakers were reported. There are likely to be less today.",bib7962,no +2646-speakers-2,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1970, 130 speakers were reported. There are likely to be less today.",bib7962,no 2646-speaker_number-3,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2646-speakers-3,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2646-speaker_number-4,2646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2646-speakers-4,2646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2646-LEI-1,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2646-vitality-1,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2646-LEI-2,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Mumeng language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2646-vitality-2,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Mumeng language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2646-LEI-1,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2646-vitality-1,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2646-LEI-2,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Mumeng language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2646-vitality-2,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring large related Mumeng language, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2646-LEI-3,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2646-vitality-3,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2646-LEI-4,2646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2646-vitality-4,2646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2647-location-1,2647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8689, 141.6577]]}",,,bib5307,no +2647-location-1,2647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8689, 141.6577]]}",,,bib5330,no 2647-location-2,2647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Puari coast area.""}",,,bib69,no -2647-location-3,2647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Pino and Puari villages""}",,,bib4545,no -2647-location-4,2647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on the coast west of the Warapu language area.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2647-speaker_number-1,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2647-speakers-1,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2647-location-3,2647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Pino and Puari villages""}",,,bib4566,no +2647-location-4,2647,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on the coast west of the Warapu language area.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2647-speaker_number-1,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2647-speakers-1,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2647-speaker_number-2,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(SIL),bib69,no 2647-speakers-2,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2647-speaker_number-3,2647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2647-speakers-3,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -2647-speaker_number-4,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, 371 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami hit the area inhabited by Puari speakers and annihilated most of them. It is not known how many survived, largely by being elsewhere at that time, but they are probably only in the tens.",bib7937,yes -2647-speakers-4,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-99"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, 371 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami hit the area inhabited by Puari speakers and annihilated most of them. It is not known how many survived, largely by being elsewhere at that time, but they are probably only in the tens.",bib7937,yes +2647-speaker_number-3,2647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2647-speakers-3,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""371"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +2647-speaker_number-4,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, 371 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami hit the area inhabited by Puari speakers and annihilated most of them. It is not known how many survived, largely by being elsewhere at that time, but they are probably only in the tens.",bib7962,yes +2647-speakers-4,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-99"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, 371 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami hit the area inhabited by Puari speakers and annihilated most of them. It is not known how many survived, largely by being elsewhere at that time, but they are probably only in the tens.",bib7962,yes 2647-speaker_number-5,2647,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2647-speakers-5,2647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2647-LEI-1,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2647-vitality-1,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2647-LEI-1,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2647-vitality-1,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2647-LEI-2,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2647-vitality-2,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2647-LEI-3,2647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2647-vitality-3,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2647-LEI-4,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -2647-vitality-4,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +2647-LEI-3,2647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2647-vitality-3,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2647-LEI-4,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +2647-vitality-4,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 2647-LEI-5,2647,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2647-vitality-5,2647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2648-location-1,2648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0116, 145.5386]]}",,,bib5307,no -2648-location-2,2648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken about 30km inland from Alexishafen on the headwaters of a northern tributary of the Gogol River.""}",,,bib7937,no +2648-location-1,2648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0116, 145.5386]]}",,,bib5330,no +2648-location-2,2648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken about 30km inland from Alexishafen on the headwaters of a northern tributary of the Gogol River.""}",,,bib7962,no 2648-location-3,2648,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2648-speaker_number-1,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2648-speakers-1,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2648-speaker_number-2,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2648-speakers-2,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no +2648-speaker_number-1,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2648-speakers-1,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2648-speaker_number-2,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2648-speakers-2,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no 2648-speaker_number-3,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2648-speakers-3,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2648-speaker_number-4,2648,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2648-speakers-4,2648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2648-LEI-1,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2648-vitality-1,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2648-LEI-2,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from larger languages of the same Family, such as Garus and Garuh (or Nobanob), its eastern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2648-vitality-2,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from larger languages of the same Family, such as Garus and Garuh (or Nobanob), its eastern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2648-LEI-1,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2648-vitality-1,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2648-LEI-2,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from larger languages of the same Family, such as Garus and Garuh (or Nobanob), its eastern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2648-vitality-2,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from larger languages of the same Family, such as Garus and Garuh (or Nobanob), its eastern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2648-LEI-3,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2648-vitality-3,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2648-LEI-4,2648,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2648-vitality-4,2648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2649-location-1,2649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3753, 147.7825]]}",,,bib5307,no -2649-location-2,2649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, eastern end of Huon Peninsula.""}",,,bib7937,no +2649-location-1,2649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.3753, 147.7825]]}",,,bib5330,no +2649-location-2,2649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, eastern end of Huon Peninsula.""}",,,bib7962,no 2649-location-3,2649,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2649-speaker_number-1,2649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2649-speakers-1,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2649-speaker_number-2,2649,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7937,no -2649-speakers-2,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Now probably extinct.,bib7937,no +2649-speaker_number-1,2649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2649-speakers-1,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2649-speaker_number-2,2649,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7962,no +2649-speakers-2,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Now probably extinct.,bib7962,no 2649-speaker_number-3,2649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2649-speakers-3,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2649-speaker_number-4,2649,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978).,bib67,yes 2649-speakers-4,2649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978).,bib67,yes -2649-LEI-1,2649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2649-vitality-1,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2649-LEI-2,2649,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2649-vitality-2,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2649-LEI-1,2649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2649-vitality-1,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2649-LEI-2,2649,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2649-vitality-2,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2649-LEI-3,2649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2649-vitality-3,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2649-LEI-4,2649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2649-vitality-4,2649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2650-location-1,2650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0681, 150.2792]]}",,,bib5307,no -2650-location-2,2650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain Province. Spoken in the southwest interior, in the Amgen River area.""}",,,bib7937,no +2650-location-1,2650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0681, 150.2792]]}",,,bib5330,no +2650-location-2,2650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain Province. Spoken in the southwest interior, in the Amgen River area.""}",,,bib7962,no 2650-location-3,2650,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2650-speaker_number-1,2650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2650-speakers-1,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2650-speaker_number-2,2650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 453 speakers were reported. There may still be 400 or more speakers.",bib7937,no -2650-speakers-2,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 453 speakers were reported. There may still be 400 or more speakers.",bib7937,no +2650-speaker_number-1,2650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2650-speakers-1,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2650-speaker_number-2,2650,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 453 speakers were reported. There may still be 400 or more speakers.",bib7962,no +2650-speakers-2,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 453 speakers were reported. There may still be 400 or more speakers.",bib7962,no 2650-speaker_number-3,2650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2650-speakers-3,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2650-speaker_number-4,2650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,yes 2650-speakers-4,2650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2003).,bib67,yes -2650-LEI-1,2650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2650-vitality-1,2650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2650-LEI-2,2650,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7937,no -2650-transmission-2,2650,transmission,2,transmission-2,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7937,no -2650-speaker_number_trends-2,2650,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7937,no -2650-vitality-2,2650,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7937,no +2650-LEI-1,2650,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2650-vitality-1,2650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2650-LEI-2,2650,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7962,no +2650-transmission-2,2650,transmission,2,transmission-2,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7962,no +2650-speaker_number_trends-2,2650,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7962,no +2650-vitality-2,2650,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only just over half the children learn the language.,bib7962,no 2650-LEI-3,2650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2650-vitality-3,2650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2650-LEI-4,2650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2650-vitality-4,2650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2651-location-1,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Sepa is spoke in the villages of Sepa and Wanam, immediately east and west of Bogia Station.\""""}",,,bib8010,no -2651-location-2,2651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3245, 144.9755]]}",,,bib5307,no -2651-location-3,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sepa and Wanam villages""}",,,bib4545,no +2651-location-1,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Sepa is spoke in the villages of Sepa and Wanam, immediately east and west of Bogia Station.\""""}",,,bib8035,no +2651-location-2,2651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.3245, 144.9755]]}",,,bib5330,no +2651-location-3,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sepa and Wanam villages""}",,,bib4566,no 2651-location-4,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Manam island south coast, Bogia area.""}",,,bib69,no -2651-location-5,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the coast south of Manam Island around Bogia.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2651-speaker_number-1,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,no -2651-speakers-1,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,no -2651-speaker_number-2,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2651-speakers-2,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2651-speaker_number-3,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no -2651-speakers-3,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4545,no +2651-location-5,2651,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the coast south of Manam Island around Bogia.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2651-speaker_number-1,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,no +2651-speakers-1,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,no +2651-speaker_number-2,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2651-speakers-2,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2651-speaker_number-3,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no +2651-speakers-3,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Z'graggen 1971),bib4566,no 2651-speaker_number-4,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2651-speakers-4,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""697"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2651-speaker_number-5,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 2651-speakers-5,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2651-speaker_number-6,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 268 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200.",bib7937,yes -2651-speakers-6,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 268 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200.",bib7937,yes -2651-LEI-1,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,no -2651-vitality-1,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,no -2651-LEI-2,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2651-vitality-2,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2651-LEI-3,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2651-vitality-3,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2651-speaker_number-6,2651,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 268 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200.",bib7962,yes +2651-speakers-6,2651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 268 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 200.",bib7962,yes +2651-LEI-1,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,no +2651-vitality-1,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,no +2651-LEI-2,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2651-vitality-2,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2651-LEI-3,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2651-vitality-3,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2651-LEI-4,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2651-vitality-4,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2651-LEI-5,2651,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2651-vitality-5,2651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2651-LEI-6,2651,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7937,yes -2651-speaker_number_trends-6,2651,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7937,yes -2651-vitality-6,2651,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7937,yes -2652-location-1,2652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0033, 141.9158]]}",,,bib5307,no +2651-LEI-6,2651,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7962,yes +2651-speaker_number_trends-6,2651,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7962,yes +2651-vitality-6,2651,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,There is pressure on the language from the large related Manam language.,bib7962,yes +2652-location-1,2652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0033, 141.9158]]}",,,bib5330,no 2652-location-2,2652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Sera area. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -2652-location-3,2652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Puindu, Rainuk, and Sarai villages""}",,,bib4545,yes -2652-location-4,2652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in one village on the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea, to the west of the area originally occupied by the Sissano language.""}",,,bib7937,no -2652-speaker_number-1,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2652-speakers-1,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2652-location-3,2652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Puindu, Rainuk, and Sarai villages""}",,,bib4566,yes +2652-location-4,2652,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in one village on the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea, to the west of the area originally occupied by the Sissano language.""}",,,bib7962,no +2652-speaker_number-1,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2652-speakers-1,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2652-speaker_number-2,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 2652-speakers-2,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -2652-speaker_number-3,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -2652-speakers-3,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes -2652-speaker_number-4,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The November 1998 tsunami annihilated most of the Sera-speaking population. Only a small number of speakers are left.,bib7937,no -2652-speakers-4,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The November 1998 tsunami annihilated most of the Sera-speaking population. Only a small number of speakers are left.,bib7937,no +2652-speaker_number-3,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +2652-speakers-3,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes +2652-speaker_number-4,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The November 1998 tsunami annihilated most of the Sera-speaking population. Only a small number of speakers are left.,bib7962,no +2652-speakers-4,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The November 1998 tsunami annihilated most of the Sera-speaking population. Only a small number of speakers are left.,bib7962,no 2652-speaker_number-5,2652,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2652-speakers-5,2652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""432"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2652-LEI-1,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2652-vitality-1,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2652-LEI-1,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2652-vitality-1,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2652-LEI-2,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2652-vitality-2,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2652-LEI-3,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -2652-vitality-3,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -2652-LEI-4,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2652-vitality-4,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2652-LEI-3,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +2652-vitality-3,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +2652-LEI-4,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2652-vitality-4,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2652-LEI-5,2652,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2652-vitality-5,2652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2653-context-1,2653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; Dangaleat; Daju; French; Bilala; Bidiya; Kuka;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all.""}",,,bib3887,yes -2653-location-1,2653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.136, 18.4735]]}",,,bib5307,no +2653-context-1,2653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; Dangaleat; Daju; French; Bilala; Bidiya; Kuka;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all.""}",,,bib3907,yes +2653-location-1,2653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.136, 18.4735]]}",,,bib5330,no 2653-location-2,2653,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,no -2653-speaker_number-1,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2653-speakers-1,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2653-speaker_number-2,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3887,yes -2653-speakers-2,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3887,yes +2653-speaker_number-1,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2653-speakers-1,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2653-speaker_number-2,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3907,yes +2653-speakers-2,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3907,yes 2653-speaker_number-3,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2653-speakers-3,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2653-speaker_number-4,2653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data is from a 1993 census.,bib67,no 2653-speakers-4,2653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data is from a 1993 census.,bib67,no -2653-LEI-1,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2653-vitality-1,2653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2653-LEI-2,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3887,yes -2653-vitality-2,2653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3887,yes +2653-LEI-1,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2653-vitality-1,2653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2653-LEI-2,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3907,yes +2653-vitality-2,2653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3907,yes 2653-LEI-3,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2653-vitality-3,2653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2653-LEI-4,2653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -26196,52 +26382,52 @@ In Panama: Darien province.",bib70,no 15,000 in Colombia, 40 in Panama.",bib70,no 2665-speakers-1,2665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,040"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992 (Colombia), 1982 (Panama)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Users in all countries: 15,040. 15,000 in Colombia, 40 in Panama.",bib70,no -2665-speaker_number-2,2665,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Figures are for Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú).",bib1902,yes -2665-speakers-2,2665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""88,747"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,747"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Figures are for Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú).",bib1902,yes +2665-speaker_number-2,2665,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Figures are for Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú).",bib1914,yes +2665-speakers-2,2665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""88,747"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,747"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Figures are for Emberá (Pede Epenã, Epérã Pedée, Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú).",bib1914,yes 2665-speaker_number-3,2665,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 in Colombia (1992 SIL). 90%–95% monolingual. Population total all countries: 15,040. Ethnic population: Total Emberá in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango and Sánchez 1998).",bib67,no 2665-speakers-3,2665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""71,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,040"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992 speakers, 1998 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 in Colombia (1992 SIL). 90%–95% monolingual. Population total all countries: 15,040. Ethnic population: Total Emberá in Colombia: 71,000 (Arango and Sánchez 1998).",bib67,no 2665-LEI-1,2665,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2665-vitality-1,2665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2665-LEI-2,2665,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2665-vitality-2,2665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2665-LEI-2,2665,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2665-vitality-2,2665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2665-LEI-3,2665,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2665-vitality-3,2665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2668-location-1,2668,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Rond\u00f4nia""]}",,"Eastern Rondonia State, Terra Indigena Igarape Lourdes.",bib68,no -2668-location-2,2668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.9519, -61.0729]]}",,,bib5307,no -2668-location-3,2668,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, eastern Rondonia State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Igarape\u00b4 Lourdes.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2668-location-2,2668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.9519, -61.0729]]}",,,bib5330,no +2668-location-3,2668,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, eastern Rondonia State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Igarape\u00b4 Lourdes.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2668-location-4,2668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6666666667, -62.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2668-speaker_number-1,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,340 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 520 (2004 Associação de Defensa Etnoambiental).,bib68,no 2668-speakers-1,2668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""520"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2006, ethnic population 2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,340 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 520 (2004 Associação de Defensa Etnoambiental).,bib68,no -2668-speaker_number-2,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2668-speakers-2,2668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2668-speaker_number-3,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,yes -2668-speakers-3,2668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1903,yes +2668-speaker_number-2,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2668-speakers-2,2668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2668-speaker_number-3,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,yes +2668-speakers-3,2668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All members of the ethnic group speak the language.,bib1915,yes 2668-speaker_number-4,2668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2668-speakers-4,2668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""472"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2668-LEI-1,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2668-vitality-1,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2668-LEI-2,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2668-vitality-2,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2668-LEI-3,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2668-vitality-3,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +2668-LEI-2,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2668-vitality-2,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2668-LEI-3,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2668-vitality-3,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 2668-LEI-4,2668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2668-vitality-4,2668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2669-location-1,2669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3316, -46.7138]]}",,,bib5307,no +2669-location-1,2669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3316, -46.7138]]}",,,bib5330,no 2669-location-2,2669,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Para State, new village called ‘Kaikoture’, near Maraba; possibly scattered in or near original locations in Maranhlo.",bib67,no -2669-speaker_number-1,2669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2669-speakers-1,2669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2669-speaker_number-1,2669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2669-speakers-1,2669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2669-speaker_number-2,2669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 2669-speakers-2,2669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes 2669-speaker_number-3,2669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Ethnic population: 338 Parakatêjê (ISA), 473 Pukobjê (2005 ISA)",bib67,no 2669-speakers-3,2669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""811"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Ethnic population: 338 Parakatêjê (ISA), 473 Pukobjê (2005 ISA)",bib67,no -2669-LEI-1,2669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2669-vitality-1,2669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2669-LEI-1,2669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2669-vitality-1,2669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2669-LEI-2,2669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 2669-vitality-2,2669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 2669-LEI-3,2669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2669-vitality-3,2669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2670-location-1,2670,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib68,no -2670-location-2,2670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5644, -46.6589]]}",,,bib5307,yes +2670-location-2,2670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5644, -46.6589]]}",,,bib5330,yes 2670-speaker_number-1,2670,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2670-speakers-1,2670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2670-LEI-1,2670,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no @@ -26249,486 +26435,486 @@ In Panama: Darien province.",bib70,no 2670-LEI-2,2670,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2670-vitality-2,2670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2671-location-1,2671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8674, -46.7468]]}",,,,no -2671-location-2,2671,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2671-location-2,2671,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2671-location-3,2671,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -2671-speaker_number-1,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2671-speakers-1,2671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""682"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2671-speaker_number-2,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2671-speakers-2,2671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""682"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""682"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2671-speaker_number-1,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2671-speakers-1,2671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""682"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2671-speaker_number-2,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2671-speakers-2,2671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""682"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""682"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2671-speaker_number-3,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2671-speakers-3,2671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2671-speaker_number-4,2671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2671-speakers-4,2671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420\n680 (2016)."", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2671-LEI-1,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2671-vitality-1,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2671-LEI-2,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2671-vitality-2,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2671-LEI-1,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2671-vitality-1,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2671-LEI-2,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2671-vitality-2,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2671-LEI-3,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2671-vitality-3,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2671-LEI-4,2671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2671-vitality-4,2671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2672-context-1,2672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""In Colombia, most Guahibo are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2672-location-1,2672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.4256, -68.8183]]}",,,bib5307,no -2672-location-2,2672,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Vichada, between the Meta and Guaviare rivers and to the north of the Meta, Casanare and Arauca rivers; Venezuela, in the south of Apure State, northwest of Amazonas State, and around San Juan de Manapiare; basically the territory includes the banks of the rivers Vichada, Tuparro, Tomo, Meta, part of the Capanaparo and Arauca, and part of the middle course of the Orinoco on the Colombian border.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2672-context-1,2672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""In Colombia, most Guahibo are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2672-location-1,2672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.4256, -68.8183]]}",,,bib5330,no +2672-location-2,2672,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Vichada, between the Meta and Guaviare rivers and to the north of the Meta, Casanare and Arauca rivers; Venezuela, in the south of Apure State, northwest of Amazonas State, and around San Juan de Manapiare; basically the territory includes the banks of the rivers Vichada, Tuparro, Tomo, Meta, part of the Capanaparo and Arauca, and part of the middle course of the Orinoco on the Colombian border.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2672-location-3,2672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.25, -71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2672-location-4,2672,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""]}",,"Plains region, mainly Vichada and eastern Meta departments; border areas in Casanare, Guaviare, Arauca, and Guainia departments.",bib67,no -2672-speaker_number-1,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2672-speakers-1,2672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,614"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2672-speaker_number-2,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 20,550 Guahibo in Colombia and 11,600 in Venezuela.",bib1903,yes -2672-speakers-2,2672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~32,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 20,550 Guahibo in Colombia and 11,600 in Venezuela.",bib1903,yes +2672-speaker_number-1,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2672-speakers-1,2672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,614"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2672-speaker_number-2,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 20,550 Guahibo in Colombia and 11,600 in Venezuela.",bib1915,yes +2672-speakers-2,2672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~32,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 20,550 Guahibo in Colombia and 11,600 in Venezuela.",bib1915,yes 2672-speaker_number-3,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2672-speakers-3,2672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,772"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2672-speaker_number-4,2672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"23,000 in Colombia, 11,200 in Venezuela (2016, no change.)",bib67,no 2672-speakers-4,2672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"23,000 in Colombia, 11,200 in Venezuela (2016, no change.)",bib67,no -2672-LEI-1,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2672-vitality-1,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2672-LEI-2,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Colombia about 40 percent of the ethnic group are monolingual and in Venezuela most are monolingual.,bib1903,yes -2672-vitality-2,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,In Colombia about 40 percent of the ethnic group are monolingual and in Venezuela most are monolingual.,bib1903,yes +2672-LEI-1,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2672-vitality-1,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2672-LEI-2,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Colombia about 40 percent of the ethnic group are monolingual and in Venezuela most are monolingual.,bib1915,yes +2672-vitality-2,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,In Colombia about 40 percent of the ethnic group are monolingual and in Venezuela most are monolingual.,bib1915,yes 2672-LEI-3,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2672-vitality-3,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2672-LEI-4,2672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2672-vitality-4,2672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2673-location-1,2673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5572, 11.4477]]}",,,bib5307,no +2673-location-1,2673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5572, 11.4477]]}",,,bib5330,no 2673-location-2,2673,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon"", ""Congo""]}",,,bib67,yes -2673-speaker_number-1,2673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2673-speakers-1,2673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,248"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2673-speaker_number-1,2673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2673-speakers-1,2673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,248"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2673-speaker_number-2,2673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2673-speakers-2,2673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,248"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2673-speaker_number-3,2673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 2673-speakers-3,2673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -2673-LEI-1,2673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2673-vitality-1,2673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2673-LEI-1,2673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2673-vitality-1,2673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2673-LEI-2,2673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2673-vitality-2,2673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2673-LEI-3,2673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2673-vitality-3,2673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2675-context-1,2675,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic used in the mosque"", ""Oromo used in town administrative matters""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"All interviewees said that the children in the villages learn Mao as their first language; but that most of them learn Oromo, too, before starting school. [...] When counting, the respondents use Mao only within certain limits: They count up to 10, 20, or 30, and then continue in Oromo. Some count the tens, twenties, or thirties in Mao and add the subtotals in Oromo.",bib7745,no -2675-context-2,2675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Anfillo have switched to the Cushitic language (Western) Oromo, which became more and more of a dominant language in the area from the sixteenth century onwards.",bib7615,yes +2675-context-1,2675,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic used in the mosque"", ""Oromo used in town administrative matters""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"All interviewees said that the children in the villages learn Mao as their first language; but that most of them learn Oromo, too, before starting school. [...] When counting, the respondents use Mao only within certain limits: They count up to 10, 20, or 30, and then continue in Oromo. Some count the tens, twenties, or thirties in Mao and add the subtotals in Oromo.",bib7770,no +2675-context-2,2675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Anfillo have switched to the Cushitic language (Western) Oromo, which became more and more of a dominant language in the area from the sixteenth century onwards.",bib7640,yes 2675-location-1,2675,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -2675-location-2,2675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.5049, 34.7415]]}",,,bib5307,no -2675-location-3,2675,location,"{""Description"": ""Western Ethiopia, west of Dembi-Dollo""}",,,bib7615,yes +2675-location-2,2675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.5049, 34.7415]]}",,,bib5330,no +2675-location-3,2675,location,"{""Description"": ""Western Ethiopia, west of Dembi-Dollo""}",,,bib7640,yes 2675-speakers-1,2675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990""}",,,bib67,no -2675-speaker_number-2,2675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7745,no -2675-speakers-2,2675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7745,no -2675-speaker_number-3,2675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2675-speakers-3,2675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2675-speaker_number-2,2675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7770,no +2675-speakers-2,2675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7770,no +2675-speaker_number-3,2675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2675-speakers-3,2675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2675-speaker_number-4,2675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 2675-speakers-4,2675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16226"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,657"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no 2675-speaker_number-5,2675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2675-speakers-5,2675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2675-speaker_number-6,2675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -2675-speakers-6,2675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes -2675-LEI-1,2675,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7745,no -2675-transmission-1,2675,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7745,no -2675-domains_of_use-1,2675,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7745,no -2675-speaker_number_trends-1,2675,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7745,no -2675-vitality-1,2675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7745,no -2675-LEI-2,2675,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2675-vitality-2,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2675-speaker_number-6,2675,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +2675-speakers-6,2675,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes +2675-LEI-1,2675,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7770,no +2675-transmission-1,2675,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7770,no +2675-domains_of_use-1,2675,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7770,no +2675-speaker_number_trends-1,2675,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7770,no +2675-vitality-1,2675,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Within the family, Mao is the language which is used primarily. In the homes, the use of the Mao language seems to be stable. [..] The Mao people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten.",bib7770,no +2675-LEI-2,2675,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2675-vitality-2,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2675-LEI-3,2675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 2675-vitality-3,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 2675-LEI-4,2675,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2675-vitality-4,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2675-LEI-5,2675,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -2675-vitality-5,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -2676-context-1,2676,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Oromo in town administrative matters"", ""Arabic in the mosque"", ""Oromo in elementary school"", ""Amharic and English in middle school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Oromo, Amharic, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"When counting, the respondents use Kwama only for a limited range: Up to 10, 20, or 30 they count in Kwama, and then continue in Arabic. Some use Kwama to count the tens, twenties, or thirties, but add the subtotals in Arabic",bib7745,yes -2676-location-1,2676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.5465, 34.2059]]}",,,bib5307,no +2675-LEI-5,2675,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +2675-vitality-5,2675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +2676-context-1,2676,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Oromo in town administrative matters"", ""Arabic in the mosque"", ""Oromo in elementary school"", ""Amharic and English in middle school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Oromo, Amharic, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"When counting, the respondents use Kwama only for a limited range: Up to 10, 20, or 30 they count in Kwama, and then continue in Arabic. Some use Kwama to count the tens, twenties, or thirties, but add the subtotals in Arabic",bib7770,yes +2676-location-1,2676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.5465, 34.2059]]}",,,bib5330,no 2676-location-2,2676,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -2676-speaker_number-1,2676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2676-speakers-1,2676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2676-speaker_number-1,2676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2676-speakers-1,2676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2676-speaker_number-2,2676,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib13,no 2676-speakers-2,2676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""99"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib13,no 2676-speaker_number-3,2676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2676-speakers-3,2676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2676-speaker_number-4,2676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 (1982 SIL)",bib67,no 2676-speakers-4,2676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 (1982 SIL)",bib67,no -2676-LEI-1,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2676-vitality-1,2676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2676-LEI-2,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7745,yes -2676-transmission-2,2676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7745,yes -2676-domains_of_use-2,2676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7745,yes -2676-speaker_number_trends-2,2676,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7745,yes -2676-vitality-2,2676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7745,yes +2676-LEI-1,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2676-vitality-1,2676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2676-LEI-2,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7770,yes +2676-transmission-2,2676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7770,yes +2676-domains_of_use-2,2676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7770,yes +2676-speaker_number_trends-2,2676,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7770,yes +2676-vitality-2,2676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Within the family, Kwama is used primarily. As language used at home, Kwama seem sto be stable. [...] The Kwama speakers expressed a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and will not be forgotten",bib7770,yes 2676-LEI-3,2676,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 2676-vitality-3,2676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 2676-LEI-4,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2676-vitality-4,2676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2676-LEI-5,2676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2676-vitality-5,2676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2677-context-1,2677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bodi; Mursi""}",,,bib6944,no +2677-context-1,2677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bodi; Mursi""}",,,bib6968,no 2677-location-1,2677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0, 36.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2677-location-2,2677,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -2677-location-3,2677,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area along the Omo River in the extreme southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3509,yes -2677-location-4,2677,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken along the western bank of the Omo River in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3511,no -2677-location-5,2677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.4191, 36.0791]]}",,,bib5307,no -2677-location-6,2677,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib6944,no -2677-location-7,2677,location,"{""Description"": ""Scattered villages along the Omo River, southwestern Ethiopia.""}",,,bib7615,no +2677-location-3,2677,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area along the Omo River in the extreme southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3527,yes +2677-location-4,2677,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken along the western bank of the Omo River in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3529,no +2677-location-5,2677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.4191, 36.0791]]}",,,bib5330,no +2677-location-6,2677,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib6968,no +2677-location-7,2677,location,"{""Description"": ""Scattered villages along the Omo River, southwestern Ethiopia.""}",,,bib7640,no 2677-speakers-1,2677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""51""}",,Ethnic population: 450 (2007),bib67,no -2677-speaker_number-2,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3509,yes -2677-speakers-2,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987-1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3509,yes -2677-speaker_number-3,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3511,no -2677-speakers-3,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3511,no -2677-speaker_number-4,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2677-speakers-4,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2677-speaker_number-2,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3527,yes +2677-speakers-2,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987-1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3527,yes +2677-speaker_number-3,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3529,no +2677-speakers-3,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3529,no +2677-speaker_number-4,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2677-speakers-4,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2677-speaker_number-5,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2677-speakers-5,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""103"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2677-speaker_number-6,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -2677-speakers-6,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -2677-LEI-2,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3509,yes -2677-vitality-2,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3509,yes -2677-LEI-3,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3511,no -2677-vitality-3,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3511,no -2677-LEI-4,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2677-vitality-4,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2677-speaker_number-6,2677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +2677-speakers-6,2677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +2677-LEI-2,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3527,yes +2677-vitality-2,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3527,yes +2677-LEI-3,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3529,no +2677-vitality-3,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3529,no +2677-LEI-4,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2677-vitality-4,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2677-LEI-5,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2677-vitality-5,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2677-LEI-6,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -2677-vitality-6,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -2678-context-1,2678,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic is the language of primary education, and is used by fishermen and traders.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Afar, Tigre"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The Dahalik native speakers have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue. They state that it has been used by many generations over more than two thousand years, and that it is very important that it should not be forgotten, in order to save its specificity, and their cultural identity.",bib6840,yes -2678-location-1,2678,location,"{""Places"": [""Eritrea""], ""Description"": ""Eritrea, on three islands of the archipelago of Dahlak: Dahlak Kebir, Nora and Dehil.""}",,,bib6840,yes -2678-speaker_number-1,2678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6840,yes -2678-speakers-1,2678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6840,yes -2678-LEI-1,2678,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6840,yes -2678-vitality-1,2678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6840,yes -2680-context-1,2680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaffa, Benchi, Sheko""}",,,bib2872,no +2677-LEI-6,2677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +2677-vitality-6,2677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +2678-context-1,2678,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic is the language of primary education, and is used by fishermen and traders.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Afar, Tigre"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The Dahalik native speakers have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue. They state that it has been used by many generations over more than two thousand years, and that it is very important that it should not be forgotten, in order to save its specificity, and their cultural identity.",bib6864,yes +2678-location-1,2678,location,"{""Places"": [""Eritrea""], ""Description"": ""Eritrea, on three islands of the archipelago of Dahlak: Dahlak Kebir, Nora and Dehil.""}",,,bib6864,yes +2678-speaker_number-1,2678,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6864,yes +2678-speakers-1,2678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6864,yes +2678-LEI-1,2678,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6864,yes +2678-vitality-1,2678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6864,yes +2680-context-1,2680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaffa, Benchi, Sheko""}",,,bib2886,no 2680-context-2,2680,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religious situations, governmental administration""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaffa, Amharic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,The attitude towards one’s own language seems to be somewhat indifferent. Approximately 30 percent said that old people would not be unhappy if they did not hear their mother tongue being spoken in their homes.,bib360,no -2680-context-3,2680,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Kefinoono in the market, schools, home, neighborhood"", ""Kefinoono or Amharic in religious services and workplaces""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kefinoono, Amharic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed; negative among younger people"", ""Institutional Support"": ""FM radio show in Nao three hours per week"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All but 1,137 monolinguals""}",,The younger generation in Nao has developed (for a great extent) a negative attitude towards their language. In most cases they try to avoid using Nao language. [...] This is largely because they considered their language has less impact and influence outside home domain. Some parents fear that speaking Nao at home will slow the child acquisition of the more economically valuable language.,bib6686,yes -2680-context-4,2680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaffa""}",,,bib7615,no +2680-context-3,2680,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Kefinoono in the market, schools, home, neighborhood"", ""Kefinoono or Amharic in religious services and workplaces""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kefinoono, Amharic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed; negative among younger people"", ""Institutional Support"": ""FM radio show in Nao three hours per week"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All but 1,137 monolinguals""}",,The younger generation in Nao has developed (for a great extent) a negative attitude towards their language. In most cases they try to avoid using Nao language. [...] This is largely because they considered their language has less impact and influence outside home domain. Some parents fear that speaking Nao at home will slow the child acquisition of the more economically valuable language.,bib6710,yes +2680-context-4,2680,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaffa""}",,,bib7640,no 2680-location-1,2680,location,"{""Description"": ""The Villages of Goba, Gushi, Angela-Menesh, Udadish, and Dulkuma.""}",,,bib362,no 2680-location-2,2680,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the following villages: Ada, Angla, Dishi, Gebera, Goda, Gushi, Kaida, Ogeya, Ouya, Shashi Bera,\nShekibamba, and Shocha.""}",,,bib360,no 2680-location-3,2680,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -2680-location-4,2680,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Most of the speakers of the language live in two separated areas. The largest grouping live in Decha district (woreda) of the Kaffa Zone. The nearest city to their region is Bonga. A few in Dulkuma village of the Shoa Bench woreda, some in Sheko woreda"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.270481, 36.242309]]}",,,bib6686,yes -2680-location-5,2680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.2698, 36.1724]]}",,,bib5307,no +2680-location-4,2680,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Most of the speakers of the language live in two separated areas. The largest grouping live in Decha district (woreda) of the Kaffa Zone. The nearest city to their region is Bonga. A few in Dulkuma village of the Shoa Bench woreda, some in Sheko woreda"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.270481, 36.242309]]}",,,bib6710,yes +2680-location-5,2680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.2698, 36.1724]]}",,,bib5330,no 2680-speaker_number-1,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"It is believed that the Na’o population varies from 3,000-7,190. It is believed that there are about 3,656 mother tongue speakers of Nayi; the language of the Na’o is called NAYI, and among these about 1,876 are second language speakers. Only about -1,137 of the community are monolinguals (2007 – Census).",bib2872,no +1,137 of the community are monolinguals (2007 – Census).",bib2886,no 2680-speakers-1,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000-7,190"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,656"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,876""}",,"It is believed that the Na’o population varies from 3,000-7,190. It is believed that there are about 3,656 mother tongue speakers of Nayi; the language of the Na’o is called NAYI, and among these about 1,876 are second language speakers. Only about -1,137 of the community are monolinguals (2007 – Census).",bib2872,no +1,137 of the community are monolinguals (2007 – Census).",bib2886,no 2680-speakers-2,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,177""}",,,bib360,no 2680-speaker_number-3,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,660 (1994 census). 1,137 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 4,005 (1994 census).",bib67,no 2680-speakers-3,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,005"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,660"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,660 (1994 census). 1,137 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 4,005 (1994 census).",bib67,no -2680-speaker_number-4,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The 2007 census listed 7,188 speakers with 1,137 identified as monolinguals.",bib6686,yes -2680-speakers-4,2680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,188"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The 2007 census listed 7,188 speakers with 1,137 identified as monolinguals.",bib6686,yes -2680-speaker_number-5,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2680-speakers-5,2680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,656"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2680-speaker_number-4,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The 2007 census listed 7,188 speakers with 1,137 identified as monolinguals.",bib6710,yes +2680-speakers-4,2680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,188"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The 2007 census listed 7,188 speakers with 1,137 identified as monolinguals.",bib6710,yes +2680-speaker_number-5,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2680-speakers-5,2680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,656"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2680-speaker_number-6,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,no 2680-speakers-6,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4004"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,656"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,no 2680-speaker_number-7,2680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2680-speakers-7,2680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,656"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2680-speakers-8,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000""}",,,bib7615,no -2680-LEI-1,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The major cause for the endangerment of the Nayi language is the disintegration of the Na'o people. The Na'o people live in three linguistically different communities--the Kaffa, the Benchi and Sheko. All these people have their own language and culture which is significantly different from the Na'o. The Na'o people have adopted the languages and cultures of the host communities.",bib2872,no -2680-vitality-1,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The major cause for the endangerment of the Nayi language is the disintegration of the Na'o people. The Na'o people live in three linguistically different communities--the Kaffa, the Benchi and Sheko. All these people have their own language and culture which is significantly different from the Na'o. The Na'o people have adopted the languages and cultures of the host communities.",bib2872,no +2680-speakers-8,2680,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000""}",,,bib7640,no +2680-LEI-1,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The major cause for the endangerment of the Nayi language is the disintegration of the Na'o people. The Na'o people live in three linguistically different communities--the Kaffa, the Benchi and Sheko. All these people have their own language and culture which is significantly different from the Na'o. The Na'o people have adopted the languages and cultures of the host communities.",bib2886,no +2680-vitality-1,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The major cause for the endangerment of the Nayi language is the disintegration of the Na'o people. The Na'o people live in three linguistically different communities--the Kaffa, the Benchi and Sheko. All these people have their own language and culture which is significantly different from the Na'o. The Na'o people have adopted the languages and cultures of the host communities.",bib2886,no 2680-LEI-2,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2680-vitality-2,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2680-LEI-3,2680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6686,yes -2680-transmission-3,2680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6686,yes -2680-domains_of_use-3,2680,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6686,yes -2680-speaker_number_trends-3,2680,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6686,yes -2680-vitality-3,2680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6686,yes -2680-LEI-4,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2680-vitality-4,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2680-LEI-3,2680,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6710,yes +2680-transmission-3,2680,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6710,yes +2680-domains_of_use-3,2680,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6710,yes +2680-speaker_number_trends-3,2680,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6710,yes +2680-vitality-3,2680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nao and Kafinoono are used at home where the former is relatively the dominant language at home among elder groups. On the other hand, in case where the interaction is between children and parents the medium of interaction is solely using Kefinoono. [...] Older persons use Nao more often than younger ones, who often use Kafinoono as their first language. Consequently, one can argue from this Nao is in actual jeopardy at home setting [and] in the neighborhood Nao seems to give way for the dominant tongue Kafinoono. [...] Most of the children speak Kefinoono as their first language.",bib6710,yes +2680-LEI-4,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2680-vitality-4,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2680-LEI-5,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 2680-vitality-5,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 2680-LEI-6,2680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2680-vitality-6,2680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2681-context-1,2681,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib67,no -2681-location-1,2681,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3202, 33.8873]]}",,,bib5307,no +2681-location-1,2681,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.3202, 33.8873]]}",,,bib5330,no 2681-location-2,2681,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan"", ""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""In Ethiopia: Gambella region, along Sudan border north of Anuak [anu] and Nuer [nus]. 5 villages. In Sudan: Upper Nile Province, Kigille and Maiwut area on Ethiopia border. Buldit in Daga River area, villages Paitath and Tedibi.""}",,,bib67,no -2681-speaker_number-1,2681,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2681-speakers-1,2681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2681-speaker_number-1,2681,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2681-speakers-1,2681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2681-speaker_number-2,2681,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib13,yes 2681-speakers-2,2681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""301"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib13,yes 2681-speaker_number-3,2681,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2681-speakers-3,2681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""301"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2681-speaker_number-4,2681,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Ethiopia (2007 A. Tsadik)",bib67,no 2681-speakers-4,2681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Ethiopia (2007 A. Tsadik)",bib67,no -2681-LEI-1,2681,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2681-vitality-1,2681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2681-LEI-1,2681,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2681-vitality-1,2681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2681-LEI-2,2681,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 2681-vitality-2,2681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 2681-LEI-3,2681,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2681-vitality-3,2681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2681-LEI-4,2681,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2681-vitality-4,2681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2685-location-1,2685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0129, 142.0491]]}",,,bib5307,no +2685-location-1,2685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0129, 142.0491]]}",,,bib5330,no 2685-location-2,2685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Aitape district, Sissano area.""}",,,bib69,yes -2685-location-3,2685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""14 villages: Aindin, Aipukon, Amsor (Malol), Amsor (Sissano), Arop No. 1, Arop No. 2, Lampu, Maindon, Mainya, Mainyeu, Nimas, Tainyapin, Teles, and Uian.""}",,,bib4545,no -2685-location-4,2685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on a long stretch of the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea between Vanimo and Aitape.""}",,,bib7937,no -2685-speaker_number-1,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2685-speakers-1,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2685-location-3,2685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""14 villages: Aindin, Aipukon, Amsor (Malol), Amsor (Sissano), Arop No. 1, Arop No. 2, Lampu, Maindon, Mainya, Mainyeu, Nimas, Tainyapin, Teles, and Uian.""}",,,bib4566,no +2685-location-4,2685,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on a long stretch of the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea between Vanimo and Aitape.""}",,,bib7962,no +2685-speaker_number-1,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2685-speakers-1,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2685-speaker_number-2,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 4,780 speakers were reported and language use was vigorous. The 1998 tsunami almost completely annihilated the population. Number of surviving speakers unlikely to exceed a few hundred (Wurm 2007).",bib69,yes 2685-speakers-2,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1990, 4,780 speakers were reported and language use was vigorous. The 1998 tsunami almost completely annihilated the population. Number of surviving speakers unlikely to exceed a few hundred (Wurm 2007).",bib69,yes -2685-speaker_number-3,2685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -2685-speakers-3,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -2685-speaker_number-4,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 4,776 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a terrible tsunami was caused by a violent sea-quake only 25km off the coast and hit the coast with tremendous force, almost completely annihilating the population within the disaster area. There were only very few survivors, and almost the only speakers left were those who happened to be absent from the disaster area. It is hard to estimate the number of surviving speakers, but it is unlikely to exceed a few hundred or so.",bib7937,no -2685-speakers-4,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1990, 4,776 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a terrible tsunami was caused by a violent sea-quake only 25km off the coast and hit the coast with tremendous force, almost completely annihilating the population within the disaster area. There were only very few survivors, and almost the only speakers left were those who happened to be absent from the disaster area. It is hard to estimate the number of surviving speakers, but it is unlikely to exceed a few hundred or so.",bib7937,no +2685-speaker_number-3,2685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +2685-speakers-3,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +2685-speaker_number-4,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 4,776 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a terrible tsunami was caused by a violent sea-quake only 25km off the coast and hit the coast with tremendous force, almost completely annihilating the population within the disaster area. There were only very few survivors, and almost the only speakers left were those who happened to be absent from the disaster area. It is hard to estimate the number of surviving speakers, but it is unlikely to exceed a few hundred or so.",bib7962,no +2685-speakers-4,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1990, 4,776 speakers were reported. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a terrible tsunami was caused by a violent sea-quake only 25km off the coast and hit the coast with tremendous force, almost completely annihilating the population within the disaster area. There were only very few survivors, and almost the only speakers left were those who happened to be absent from the disaster area. It is hard to estimate the number of surviving speakers, but it is unlikely to exceed a few hundred or so.",bib7962,no 2685-speaker_number-5,2685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2685-speakers-5,2685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2685-LEI-1,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2685-vitality-1,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2685-LEI-1,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2685-vitality-1,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2685-LEI-2,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 2685-vitality-2,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -2685-LEI-3,2685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2685-vitality-3,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2685-LEI-4,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -2685-vitality-4,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +2685-LEI-3,2685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2685-vitality-3,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2685-LEI-4,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +2685-vitality-4,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 2685-LEI-5,2685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2685-vitality-5,2685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2686-location-1,2686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1296, 146.4642]]}",,,bib5307,no -2686-location-2,2686,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in the northern part of the western end of the Huon Peninsula, on the middle Som River, a tributary of the Uruwa River, east of the Wantoat settlement.""}",,,bib7937,no +2686-location-1,2686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.1296, 146.4642]]}",,,bib5330,no +2686-location-2,2686,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in the northern part of the western end of the Huon Peninsula, on the middle Som River, a tributary of the Uruwa River, east of the Wantoat settlement.""}",,,bib7962,no 2686-location-3,2686,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province""}",,,bib67,yes -2686-speaker_number-1,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2686-speakers-1,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2686-speaker_number-2,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, eighty-eight speakers were reported. Recent reports mention eighty.",bib7937,no -2686-speakers-2,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, eighty-eight speakers were reported. Recent reports mention eighty.",bib7937,no +2686-speaker_number-1,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2686-speakers-1,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2686-speaker_number-2,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, eighty-eight speakers were reported. Recent reports mention eighty.",bib7962,no +2686-speakers-2,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, eighty-eight speakers were reported. Recent reports mention eighty.",bib7962,no 2686-speaker_number-3,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2686-speakers-3,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2686-speaker_number-4,2686,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2686-speakers-4,2686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2686-LEI-1,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2686-vitality-1,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2686-LEI-2,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages, especially the related Wantoat, its western neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2686-vitality-2,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages, especially the related Wantoat, its western neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2686-LEI-1,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2686-vitality-1,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2686-LEI-2,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages, especially the related Wantoat, its western neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2686-vitality-2,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is under pressure from large neighbouring languages, especially the related Wantoat, its western neighbour, and of Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2686-LEI-3,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2686-vitality-3,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2686-LEI-4,2686,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2686-vitality-4,2686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2687-context-1,2687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telefol""}",,,bib7937,yes -2687-location-1,2687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0526, 141.9818]]}",,,bib5307,no -2687-location-2,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In the Kenu and Om rivers in the Upper Sepik area of Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3265,no -2687-location-3,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""two villages, Siliam and Siliambil, near the Duranmin airstrip""}",,,bib1794,no +2687-context-1,2687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telefol""}",,,bib7962,yes +2687-location-1,2687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0526, 141.9818]]}",,,bib5330,no +2687-location-2,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In the Kenu and Om rivers in the Upper Sepik area of Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3281,no +2687-location-3,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""two villages, Siliam and Siliambil, near the Duranmin airstrip""}",,,bib1806,no 2687-location-4,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin District, hamlets on Kenu River, an Om River tributary.""}",,,bib69,no -2687-location-5,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin District. Spoken in a few hamlets on the Kenu (Hok) River, a tributary of the Om River, in the Central Range area, not very far from the Irian Jaya border.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2687-speaker_number-1,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -2687-speakers-1,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no -2687-speaker_number-2,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4548,no -2687-speakers-2,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4548,no -2687-speaker_number-3,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2687-speakers-3,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2687-speaker_number-4,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,no -2687-speakers-4,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,no -2687-speaker_number-5,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1794,no -2687-speakers-5,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""141"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1794,no +2687-location-5,2687,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin District. Spoken in a few hamlets on the Kenu (Hok) River, a tributary of the Om River, in the Central Range area, not very far from the Irian Jaya border.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2687-speaker_number-1,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +2687-speakers-1,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no +2687-speaker_number-2,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4569,no +2687-speakers-2,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4569,no +2687-speaker_number-3,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2687-speakers-3,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2687-speaker_number-4,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,no +2687-speakers-4,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,no +2687-speaker_number-5,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1806,no +2687-speakers-5,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""141"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1806,no 2687-speaker_number-6,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2687-speakers-6,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2687-speaker_number-7,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2000 S. Wurm),bib69,no 2687-speakers-7,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib69,no -2687-speaker_number-8,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979, 188 were reported in a census, but recent information mentions 145.",bib7937,yes -2687-speakers-8,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979, 188 were reported in a census, but recent information mentions 145.",bib7937,yes -2687-LEI-1,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2687-transmission-1,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2687-vitality-1,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -2687-LEI-2,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no -2687-vitality-2,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no -2687-LEI-3,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2687-vitality-3,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2687-LEI-4,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3265,no -2687-transmission-4,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3265,no -2687-vitality-4,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3265,no -2687-LEI-5,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,no -2687-vitality-5,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,no +2687-speaker_number-8,2687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979, 188 were reported in a census, but recent information mentions 145.",bib7962,yes +2687-speakers-8,2687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979, 188 were reported in a census, but recent information mentions 145.",bib7962,yes +2687-LEI-1,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2687-transmission-1,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2687-vitality-1,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is still being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +2687-LEI-2,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4569,no +2687-vitality-2,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4569,no +2687-LEI-3,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2687-vitality-3,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2687-LEI-4,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3281,no +2687-transmission-4,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3281,no +2687-vitality-4,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Asaba language is still being transmitted to children (p.c. Roger Lohmann 2009).,bib3281,no +2687-LEI-5,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,no +2687-vitality-5,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,no 2687-LEI-6,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2687-vitality-6,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2687-LEI-7,2687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2687-vitality-7,2687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2687-LEI-8,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7937,yes -2687-transmission-8,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7937,yes -2687-vitality-8,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7937,yes +2687-LEI-8,2687,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7962,yes +2687-transmission-8,2687,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7962,yes +2687-vitality-8,2687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Young people are quite bilingual in the large Telefol language, the western neighbour of Suarmin, which puts pressure upon it.",bib7962,yes 2688-context-1,2688,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Alamblak [amp], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -2688-context-2,2688,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Alamblak""}",,,bib7937,yes -2688-location-1,2688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.7, 143.3]]}",,,bib5307,no +2688-context-2,2688,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Alamblak""}",,,bib7962,yes +2688-location-1,2688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.7, 143.3]]}",,,bib5330,no 2688-location-2,2688,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, upper Wagupmeri river. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -2688-location-3,2688,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken south of the uppermost Karawari River, southeast of Amboin settlement.""}",,,bib7937,yes +2688-location-3,2688,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken south of the uppermost Karawari River, southeast of Amboin settlement.""}",,,bib7962,yes 2688-location-4,2688,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sumariup village""}",,,bib233,no -2688-speaker_number-1,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2688-speakers-1,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2688-speaker_number-1,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2688-speakers-1,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2688-speaker_number-2,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(SIL),bib69,no 2688-speakers-2,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -2688-speaker_number-3,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,no -2688-speakers-3,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,no -2688-speaker_number-4,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -2688-speakers-4,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes +2688-speaker_number-3,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,no +2688-speakers-3,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,no +2688-speaker_number-4,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +2688-speakers-4,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes 2688-speaker_number-5,2688,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2688-speakers-5,2688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2688-LEI-1,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2688-vitality-1,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2688-LEI-1,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2688-vitality-1,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2688-LEI-2,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2688-vitality-2,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2688-LEI-3,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2688-vitality-3,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2688-LEI-4,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and the large related language Alamblak, which is the northern neighbour of Sumariup, which is under pressure from these two languages.",bib7937,yes -2688-vitality-4,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and the large related language Alamblak, which is the northern neighbour of Sumariup, which is under pressure from these two languages.",bib7937,yes +2688-LEI-3,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2688-vitality-3,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2688-LEI-4,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and the large related language Alamblak, which is the northern neighbour of Sumariup, which is under pressure from these two languages.",bib7962,yes +2688-vitality-4,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and the large related language Alamblak, which is the northern neighbour of Sumariup, which is under pressure from these two languages.",bib7962,yes 2688-LEI-5,2688,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2688-vitality-5,2688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2689-context-1,2689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Angaatiha"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib7937,no -2689-location-1,2689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.2044, 146.5493]]}",,,bib5307,no -2689-location-2,2689,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in the upper Watut River valley, outside Bulolo town.""}",,,bib7937,no +2689-context-1,2689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Angaatiha"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib7962,no +2689-location-1,2689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.2044, 146.5493]]}",,,bib5330,no +2689-location-2,2689,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken in the upper Watut River valley, outside Bulolo town.""}",,,bib7962,no 2689-location-3,2689,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, Upper Watut Valley outside Bulolo""}",,,bib67,yes -2689-speaker_number-1,2689,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2689-speakers-1,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2689-speaker_number-2,2689,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1990, fifteen speakers were reported, but now it would be less than ten.",bib7937,no -2689-speakers-2,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1990, fifteen speakers were reported, but now it would be less than ten.",bib7937,no +2689-speaker_number-1,2689,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2689-speakers-1,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2689-speaker_number-2,2689,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1990, fifteen speakers were reported, but now it would be less than ten.",bib7962,no +2689-speakers-2,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1990, fifteen speakers were reported, but now it would be less than ten.",bib7962,no 2689-speaker_number-3,2689,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2689-speakers-3,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2689-speaker_number-4,2689,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2689-speakers-4,2689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2689-LEI-1,2689,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2689-vitality-1,2689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2689-LEI-2,2689,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7937,no -2689-transmission-2,2689,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7937,no -2689-domains_of_use-2,2689,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7937,no -2689-speaker_number_trends-2,2689,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7937,no -2689-vitality-2,2689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7937,no +2689-LEI-1,2689,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2689-vitality-1,2689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2689-LEI-2,2689,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7962,no +2689-transmission-2,2689,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7962,no +2689-domains_of_use-2,2689,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7962,no +2689-speaker_number_trends-2,2689,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7962,no +2689-vitality-2,2689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The speakers use the large Angan language Angaatiha as second language, and most of them have shifted to it. The surviving speakers have lost interest in their language.",bib7962,no 2689-LEI-3,2689,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2689-vitality-3,2689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2689-LEI-4,2689,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2689-vitality-4,2689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2690-location-1,2690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.4382, 37.2463]]}",,,bib5307,no +2690-location-1,2690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.4382, 37.2463]]}",,,bib5330,no 2690-location-2,2690,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Omo region, lowlands west of Lake Chamo.""}",,,bib67,no -2690-speaker_number-1,2690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2690-speakers-1,2690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,621"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2690-speaker_number-1,2690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2690-speakers-1,2690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,621"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2690-speaker_number-2,2690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 2690-speakers-2,2690,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,699"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,621"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 2690-speaker_number-3,2690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2690-speakers-3,2690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,621"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2690-speaker_number-4,2690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: 1994 census. 5,298 monolinguals. Ethnic population data: 1998 census.",bib67,no 2690-speakers-4,2690,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,702"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,620"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: 1994 census. 5,298 monolinguals. Ethnic population data: 1998 census.",bib67,no -2690-LEI-1,2690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2690-vitality-1,2690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2690-LEI-1,2690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2690-vitality-1,2690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2690-LEI-2,2690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 2690-vitality-2,2690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 2690-LEI-3,2690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2690-vitality-3,2690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2690-LEI-4,2690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2690-vitality-4,2690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2691-context-1,2691,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tolai (Kuanua)""}",,,bib7937,no -2691-location-1,2691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5435, 152.0397]]}",,,bib5307,no +2691-context-1,2691,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tolai (Kuanua)""}",,,bib7962,no +2691-location-1,2691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5435, 152.0397]]}",,,bib5330,no 2691-location-2,2691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.41666666667, 152.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2691-location-3,2691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula. Spoken in the northern central part of the Gazelle Peninsula.""}",,,bib7937,no +2691-location-3,2691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula. Spoken in the northern central part of the Gazelle Peninsula.""}",,,bib7962,no 2691-location-4,2691,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula""}",,,bib67,yes -2691-speaker_number-1,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2691-speakers-1,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2691-speaker_number-2,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 826 speakers were reported, and recent estimates mention about 800.",bib7937,no -2691-speakers-2,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 826 speakers were reported, and recent estimates mention about 800.",bib7937,no +2691-speaker_number-1,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2691-speakers-1,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2691-speaker_number-2,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 826 speakers were reported, and recent estimates mention about 800.",bib7962,no +2691-speakers-2,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 826 speakers were reported, and recent estimates mention about 800.",bib7962,no 2691-speaker_number-3,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2691-speakers-3,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2691-speaker_number-4,2691,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2691-speakers-4,2691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2691-LEI-1,2691,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2691-vitality-1,2691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2691-LEI-2,2691,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7937,no -2691-speaker_number_trends-2,2691,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7937,no -2691-vitality-2,2691,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7937,no +2691-LEI-1,2691,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2691-vitality-1,2691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2691-LEI-2,2691,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7962,no +2691-speaker_number_trends-2,2691,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7962,no +2691-vitality-2,2691,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The speakers are bilingual in the very large Tolai (or Kuanua) language, which puts pressure on Taulil.",bib7962,no 2691-LEI-3,2691,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2691-vitality-3,2691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2691-LEI-4,2691,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2691-vitality-4,2691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2692-context-1,2692,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Low proficiency in Portuguese,bib68,no 2692-location-1,2692,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranhlo State, Terra Ind\u00edgena Alto Turia\u00e7u and Terra Ind\u00edgena Caru, four settlements; also in Para State.""}",,,bib68,no -2692-location-2,2692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4914, -46.2963]]}",,,bib5307,no -2692-location-3,2692,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Maranh\u00e3o State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Alto Turiacu and Terra Ind\u0131gena Caru, four settlements.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2692-location-2,2692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4914, -46.2963]]}",,,bib5330,no +2692-location-3,2692,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Maranh\u00e3o State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Alto Turiacu and Terra Ind\u0131gena Caru, four settlements.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2692-speaker_number-1,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 2692-speakers-1,2692,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (speakers); 1995 (population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -2692-speaker_number-2,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2692-speakers-2,2692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2692-speaker_number-3,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,yes -2692-speakers-3,2692,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~264"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~264"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,yes +2692-speaker_number-2,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2692-speakers-2,2692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2692-speaker_number-3,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,yes +2692-speakers-3,2692,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~264"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~264"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,yes 2692-speaker_number-4,2692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2692-speakers-4,2692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2692-LEI-1,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2692-vitality-1,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2692-LEI-2,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2692-vitality-2,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2692-LEI-3,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2692-vitality-3,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +2692-LEI-2,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2692-vitality-2,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2692-LEI-3,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2692-vitality-3,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 2692-LEI-4,2692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2692-vitality-4,2692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2693-context-1,2693,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mussau-Emira"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no -2693-location-1,2693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6394, 150.6939]]}",,,bib5307,no -2693-location-2,2693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province, Tench Island.""}",,,bib7937,no +2693-context-1,2693,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mussau-Emira"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no +2693-location-1,2693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.6394, 150.6939]]}",,,bib5330,no +2693-location-2,2693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province, Tench Island.""}",,,bib7962,no 2693-location-3,2693,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province, Tench Island""}",,,bib67,yes -2693-speaker_number-1,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2693-speakers-1,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""49"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2693-speaker_number-2,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, forty-nine speakers were reported. There still may be about forty speakers.",bib7937,no -2693-speakers-2,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, forty-nine speakers were reported. There still may be about forty speakers.",bib7937,no +2693-speaker_number-1,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2693-speakers-1,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""49"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2693-speaker_number-2,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, forty-nine speakers were reported. There still may be about forty speakers.",bib7962,no +2693-speakers-2,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, forty-nine speakers were reported. There still may be about forty speakers.",bib7962,no 2693-speaker_number-3,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2693-speakers-3,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2693-speaker_number-4,2693,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2693-speakers-4,2693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2693-LEI-1,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2693-vitality-1,2693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2693-LEI-2,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7937,no -2693-speaker_number_trends-2,2693,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7937,no -2693-vitality-2,2693,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7937,no +2693-LEI-1,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2693-vitality-1,2693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2693-LEI-2,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7962,no +2693-speaker_number_trends-2,2693,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7962,no +2693-vitality-2,2693,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All are highly bilingual in Mussau-Emira, which puts pressure on it, with speakers shifting to it.",bib7962,no 2693-LEI-3,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2693-vitality-3,2693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2693-LEI-4,2693,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2693-vitality-4,2693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2694-context-1,2694,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the ethnic group understands Portuguese. They use it as a lingua franca.""}",,,bib1903,no +2694-context-1,2694,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the ethnic group understands Portuguese. They use it as a lingua franca.""}",,,bib1915,no 2694-location-1,2694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, -46.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2694-location-2,2694,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Maranhlo State, Pindaré, Grajaú, Mearim, and Zutiua rivers. 81 villages.",bib67,no -2694-location-3,2694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8282, -46.8017]]}",,,bib5307,no -2694-location-4,2694,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, central Maranh\u00e3o State, regions of the Pindare, Grajau, Mearim, and Zutiua rivers, in eleven Terras Ind\u0131genas at the eastern margin of the Amazon Basin, especially Terra Ind\u0131gena Araribo\u00b4 ia, Terra Ind\u0131gena Bacurizinho, and Terra Ind\u0131gena Cana Brava.""}",,,bib1903,no -2694-location-5,2694,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2694-location-3,2694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8282, -46.8017]]}",,,bib5330,no +2694-location-4,2694,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, central Maranh\u00e3o State, regions of the Pindare, Grajau, Mearim, and Zutiua rivers, in eleven Terras Ind\u0131genas at the eastern margin of the Amazon Basin, especially Terra Ind\u0131gena Araribo\u00b4 ia, Terra Ind\u0131gena Bacurizinho, and Terra Ind\u0131gena Cana Brava.""}",,,bib1915,no +2694-location-5,2694,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2694-speaker_number-1,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2694-speakers-1,2694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2694-speaker_number-2,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,100 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 19,500 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib5307,no -2694-speakers-2,2694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,100 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 19,500 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib5307,no -2694-speakers-3,2694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~13,100""}",,The Guajajara are one of the most numerous indigenous groups of Brazil.,bib1903,no +2694-speaker_number-2,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,100 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 19,500 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib5330,no +2694-speakers-2,2694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,100 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 19,500 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)",bib5330,no +2694-speakers-3,2694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~13,100""}",,The Guajajara are one of the most numerous indigenous groups of Brazil.,bib1915,no 2694-speaker_number-4,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2694-speakers-4,2694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2694-speaker_number-5,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -2694-speakers-5,2694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,471"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2694-speaker_number-5,2694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +2694-speakers-5,2694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,471"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2694-LEI-1,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2694-vitality-1,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2694-LEI-2,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2694-vitality-2,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2694-LEI-2,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2694-vitality-2,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2694-LEI-4,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2694-vitality-4,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2694-LEI-5,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2694-vitality-5,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2695-location-1,2695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.796, 149.447]]}",,,bib5307,no -2695-location-2,2695,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken inland, west of the central coast of Goodenough Bay, on the southernmost arm of the Ruaba River, a few kilometres south of Ruaba.""}",,,bib7937,no +2694-LEI-5,2694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2694-vitality-5,2694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2695-location-1,2695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.796, 149.447]]}",,,bib5330,no +2695-location-2,2695,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province. Spoken inland, west of the central coast of Goodenough Bay, on the southernmost arm of the Ruaba River, a few kilometres south of Ruaba.""}",,,bib7962,no 2695-location-3,2695,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Milne Bay Province, southwest of Radarada and Ruaba""}",,,bib67,yes -2695-speaker_number-1,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2695-speakers-1,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2695-speaker_number-2,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-five speakers were reported. There are still about thirty speakers now.",bib7937,no -2695-speakers-2,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-five speakers were reported. There are still about thirty speakers now.",bib7937,no +2695-speaker_number-1,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2695-speakers-1,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2695-speaker_number-2,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-five speakers were reported. There are still about thirty speakers now.",bib7962,no +2695-speakers-2,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-five speakers were reported. There are still about thirty speakers now.",bib7962,no 2695-speaker_number-3,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2695-speakers-3,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2695-speaker_number-4,2695,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2695-speakers-4,2695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2695-LEI-1,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2695-vitality-1,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2695-LEI-2,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large neighbouring related languages, especially the Daga language.",bib7937,no -2695-vitality-2,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large neighbouring related languages, especially the Daga language.",bib7937,no +2695-LEI-1,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2695-vitality-1,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2695-LEI-2,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from large neighbouring related languages, especially the Daga language.",bib7962,no +2695-vitality-2,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from large neighbouring related languages, especially the Daga language.",bib7962,no 2695-LEI-3,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2695-vitality-3,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2695-LEI-4,2695,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2695-vitality-4,2695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2696-context-1,2696,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Guajiro language forms an important factor of ethnic and cultural identity."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Guajiro are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2696-location-1,2696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.8673, -71.9824]]}",,,bib5307,no -2696-location-2,2696,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: Department of La Guajira,\nall over the peninsula, especially in the municipalities of Uribia, Manaure, and\nMaicao, but also in Riohacha, Barrancas, Fonseca, San Juan del Cesar, Villanueva, Urumita, and El Molino.\n\nVenezuela: Zulia State, La Guajira Peninsula, to the northwest and west of Lake Maracaibo; to the north of the cities Sinamaica and Maracaibo, towards the Colombian border; a little to the north of Guana, and in Maracaibo.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2696-context-1,2696,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Guajiro language forms an important factor of ethnic and cultural identity."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Guajiro are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2696-location-1,2696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.8673, -71.9824]]}",,,bib5330,no +2696-location-2,2696,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: Department of La Guajira,\nall over the peninsula, especially in the municipalities of Uribia, Manaure, and\nMaicao, but also in Riohacha, Barrancas, Fonseca, San Juan del Cesar, Villanueva, Urumita, and El Molino.\n\nVenezuela: Zulia State, La Guajira Peninsula, to the northwest and west of Lake Maracaibo; to the north of the cities Sinamaica and Maracaibo, towards the Colombian border; a little to the north of Guana, and in Maracaibo.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2696-location-3,2696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.0, -72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2696-location-4,2696,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""La Guajira Department, Guajira peninsula, Caribbean coast.""}",,"La Guajira Department, Guajira peninsula, Caribbean coast.",bib67,no -2696-speaker_number-1,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -2696-speakers-1,2696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""318,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -2696-speaker_number-2,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 144,000 in Colombia and 168,730 in Venezuela.",bib1903,yes -2696-speakers-2,2696,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~312,730"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~312,730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 144,000 in Colombia and 168,730 in Venezuela.",bib1903,yes +2696-speaker_number-1,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +2696-speakers-1,2696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""318,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +2696-speaker_number-2,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 144,000 in Colombia and 168,730 in Venezuela.",bib1915,yes +2696-speakers-2,2696,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~312,730"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~312,730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 144,000 in Colombia and 168,730 in Venezuela.",bib1915,yes 2696-speaker_number-3,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 2696-speakers-3,2696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""305,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 2696-speaker_number-4,2696,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"135,000 in Colombia; 199,000 in Venezuela. (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no 2696-speakers-4,2696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""305,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"135,000 in Colombia; 199,000 in Venezuela. (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no -2696-LEI-1,2696,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2696-vitality-1,2696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2696-LEI-2,2696,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1903,yes -2696-transmission-2,2696,transmission,0,transmission-0,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1903,yes -2696-domains_of_use-2,2696,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1903,yes -2696-speaker_number_trends-2,2696,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1903,yes -2696-vitality-2,2696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1903,yes +2696-LEI-1,2696,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2696-vitality-1,2696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2696-LEI-2,2696,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1915,yes +2696-transmission-2,2696,transmission,0,transmission-0,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1915,yes +2696-domains_of_use-2,2696,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1915,yes +2696-speaker_number_trends-2,2696,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1915,yes +2696-vitality-2,2696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Guajiro is taught at university level in Venezuela and it's the of the most vital indigenous languages spoken in Latin America today. They still pass on the language to their children.,bib1915,yes 2696-LEI-3,2696,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2696-vitality-3,2696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2696-LEI-4,2696,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"One of the most vigorously spoken indigenous languages in South America (Crevels 2007). Positive attitudes. Many, especially younger generations, understand and speak Spanish [spa] fluently (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -26736,44 +26922,44 @@ In Panama: Darien province.",bib70,no 2696-domains_of_use-4,2696,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"One of the most vigorously spoken indigenous languages in South America (Crevels 2007). Positive attitudes. Many, especially younger generations, understand and speak Spanish [spa] fluently (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 2696-speaker_number_trends-4,2696,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"One of the most vigorously spoken indigenous languages in South America (Crevels 2007). Positive attitudes. Many, especially younger generations, understand and speak Spanish [spa] fluently (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 2696-vitality-4,2696,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"One of the most vigorously spoken indigenous languages in South America (Crevels 2007). Positive attitudes. Many, especially younger generations, understand and speak Spanish [spa] fluently (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -2697-context-2,2697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Guambiano are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2697-context-2,2697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most Guambiano are bilingual in Spanish.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2697-location-1,2697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.5, -76.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2697-location-2,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Cauca Department, on western slopes of Andean Cordillera Central, Silvia, Jambaló, Totoró, Caldono, and Toribío municipalities, and on the banks of Piendamó River.",bib67,no 2697-location-3,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Cauca department: Caldono, Jambaló, Silvia, Toribío, and Totoró municipalities, western slopes of Andean Cordillera Central on Piendamó River banks.",bib70,no -2697-location-4,2697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6138, -76.3906]]}",,,bib5307,no -2697-location-5,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Cauca, on the western slopes of the Andean Cordillera Central, in the municipalities of Silvia, Jambal\u00f3, Totor\u00f3, Caldono and Torib\u00edo, and on the banks of the Piendam\u00f3 River.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2697-location-6,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +2697-location-4,2697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6138, -76.3906]]}",,,bib5330,no +2697-location-5,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Cauca, on the western slopes of the Andean Cordillera Central, in the municipalities of Silvia, Jambal\u00f3, Totor\u00f3, Caldono and Torib\u00edo, and on the banks of the Piendam\u00f3 River.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2697-location-6,2697,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 2697-speaker_number-1,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Increasing. Less than 10% monolingual.,bib67,no 2697-speakers-1,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Increasing. Less than 10% monolingual.,bib67,no 2697-speaker_number-2,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no 2697-speakers-2,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib70,no -2697-speaker_number-3,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2697-speakers-3,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,462"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2697-speakers-4,2697,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,780""}",,It isn't clear how many speakers there are in the ethnic group.,bib1903,yes +2697-speaker_number-3,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2697-speakers-3,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,462"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2697-speakers-4,2697,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,780""}",,It isn't clear how many speakers there are in the ethnic group.,bib1915,yes 2697-speaker_number-5,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2697-speakers-5,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,596"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2697-speaker_number-6,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 18,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 23,462; Censo 2005: 21,085",bib6064,no -2697-speakers-6,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,462"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 18,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 23,462; Censo 2005: 21,085",bib6064,no +2697-speaker_number-6,2697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 18,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 23,462; Censo 2005: 21,085",bib6088,no +2697-speakers-6,2697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,462"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 18,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 23,462; Censo 2005: 21,085",bib6088,no 2697-LEI-1,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,increasing,bib67,no 2697-vitality-1,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,increasing,bib67,no 2697-LEI-2,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2697-vitality-2,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2697-LEI-3,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2697-vitality-3,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2697-LEI-3,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2697-vitality-3,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2697-LEI-4,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2697-vitality-4,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2697-LEI-5,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -2697-vitality-5,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no +2697-LEI-5,2697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +2697-vitality-5,2697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no 2698-context-1,2698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,"""la gran mayoría ya habla una variedad del guaraní paraguayo"". [A large majority now speak a variety of Paraguayan Guaraní.]",bib67,no -2698-context-2,2698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed paraguayo, Spanish""}",,,bib2545,no -2698-context-3,2698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Paraguayan Guarni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The majority of the Guana group speaks a variety of Paraguayan Guarni.""}",,,bib1903,no +2698-context-2,2698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed paraguayo, Spanish""}",,,bib2558,no +2698-context-3,2698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Paraguayan Guarni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The majority of the Guana group speaks a variety of Paraguayan Guarni.""}",,,bib1915,no 2698-location-1,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.0, -58.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2698-location-2,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,"Concepción Department, San Lázaro district, Valle Mi on Apa river banks; Alto Paraguay Department, on the Riacho Mosquito.",bib67,no -2698-location-3,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Depto. de Concepci\u00f3n; \u00c1ngulo sudeste del depto. Alto Paraguay, distrito La Victoria; \u00c1ngulo noroeste del depto. Pte. Hayes, distrito del mismo nombre;""}",,,bib2545,no -2698-location-4,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7528,yes -2698-location-5,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Paraguay, Department of Concepcion, District of San Lazaro, in Valle Mi on the banks of the Apa River, Department of Alto Paraguay, on the Riacho Mosquito.""}",,,bib1903,no +2698-location-3,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Depto. de Concepci\u00f3n; \u00c1ngulo sudeste del depto. Alto Paraguay, distrito La Victoria; \u00c1ngulo noroeste del depto. Pte. Hayes, distrito del mismo nombre;""}",,,bib2558,no +2698-location-4,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7553,yes +2698-location-5,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Paraguay, Department of Concepcion, District of San Lazaro, in Valle Mi on the banks of the Apa River, Department of Alto Paraguay, on the Riacho Mosquito.""}",,,bib1915,no 2698-location-6,2698,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib233,no 2698-speaker_number-1,2698,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"28 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 84 (Crevels 2007). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no @@ -26781,33 +26967,33 @@ In Panama: Darien province.",bib70,no (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2698-speaker_number-2,2698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""El censo de 2002 proporciona una cifra de 242 guaná, de los cuales sólo 19 utilizan su lengua en el hogar."" -[The 2002 census gives a figure of 242 Guana, of whom only 19 use their language at home.]",bib2545,no +[The 2002 census gives a figure of 242 Guana, of whom only 19 use their language at home.]",bib2558,no 2698-speakers-2,2698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""242"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""El censo de 2002 proporciona una cifra de 242 guaná, de los cuales sólo 19 utilizan su lengua en el hogar."" -[The 2002 census gives a figure of 242 Guana, of whom only 19 use their language at home.]",bib2545,no -2698-speaker_number-3,2698,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-speakers-3,2698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""393"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 rememberers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-speaker_number-4,2698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2698-speakers-4,2698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~84"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~28"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +[The 2002 census gives a figure of 242 Guana, of whom only 19 use their language at home.]",bib2558,no +2698-speaker_number-3,2698,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-speakers-3,2698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""393"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 rememberers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-speaker_number-4,2698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2698-speakers-4,2698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~84"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~28"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2698-speaker_number-5,2698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2698-speakers-5,2698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2698-LEI-1,2698,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2698-vitality-1,2698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2698-LEI-2,2698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2545,no -2698-domains_of_use-2,2698,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2545,no -2698-speaker_number_trends-2,2698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2545,no -2698-vitality-2,2698,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2545,no -2698-LEI-3,2698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-transmission-3,2698,transmission,5,transmission-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-speaker_number_trends-3,2698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-vitality-3,2698,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7528,yes -2698-LEI-4,2698,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1903,no -2698-speaker_number_trends-4,2698,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1903,no -2698-vitality-4,2698,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1903,no +2698-LEI-2,2698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2558,no +2698-domains_of_use-2,2698,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2558,no +2698-speaker_number_trends-2,2698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2558,no +2698-vitality-2,2698,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2558,no +2698-LEI-3,2698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-transmission-3,2698,transmission,5,transmission-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-speaker_number_trends-3,2698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-vitality-3,2698,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"According to Han- nes Kalisch (p.c. 2017), the situation is even worse: he found only 4 living rememberers of the language, rendering Guaná effectively moribund.",bib7553,yes +2698-LEI-4,2698,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1915,no +2698-speaker_number_trends-4,2698,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1915,no +2698-vitality-4,2698,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,33.3 percent of the ethnic group speak the language and the ethnic group is very small.,bib1915,no 2698-LEI-5,2698,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2698-vitality-5,2698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2700-context-1,2700,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Gofa largely used in public life"", ""Gofa or Amharic are used when speaking emotionally"", ""Gofa is used more often in the family than Malo""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Gofa, Basketto, English, Sidamo, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Languages which are acquired by children before they start school include Gofa and Basketto. But, interestingly, none of the children have learned Melo as their first language! [...] Gofa is the language which is used by approximately forty-five percent of the interviewees when they speak with their family members; Melo by approximately twenty-five percent, Amharic by approximately twenty percent, and Basketto by approximately ten percent.",bib6825,no -2700-location-1,2700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.950294, 37.025083]]}",,,bib7945,no +2700-context-1,2700,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Gofa largely used in public life"", ""Gofa or Amharic are used when speaking emotionally"", ""Gofa is used more often in the family than Malo""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Gofa, Basketto, English, Sidamo, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Languages which are acquired by children before they start school include Gofa and Basketto. But, interestingly, none of the children have learned Melo as their first language! [...] Gofa is the language which is used by approximately forty-five percent of the interviewees when they speak with their family members; Melo by approximately twenty-five percent, Amharic by approximately twenty percent, and Basketto by approximately ten percent.",bib6849,no +2700-location-1,2700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.950294, 37.025083]]}",,,bib7970,no 2700-speakers-1,2700,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""58,039""}",,,bib360,no 2700-speaker_number-3,2700,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 13,264 monolinguals. @@ -26819,9 +27005,9 @@ Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from the 1994 census.",bib67,no 2700-speaker_number-4,2700,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,yes 2700-speakers-4,2700,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20181"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,151"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,yes -2700-LEI-1,2700,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6825,no -2700-domains_of_use-1,2700,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6825,no -2700-vitality-1,2700,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6825,no +2700-LEI-1,2700,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6849,no +2700-domains_of_use-1,2700,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6849,no +2700-vitality-1,2700,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Speakers of Melo expressed the following views about the vitality of their language. They said that at least the Melo people in Laha are in a process of change. It was stated that the people of Laha speak Melo less and less and that they prefer to speak Gofa and Amharic instead. Concerning language maintenance, it was said that Melo was still being spoken in many villages and that this would continue for generations.",bib6849,no 2700-LEI-2,2700,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2700-vitality-2,2700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2700-LEI-3,2700,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes @@ -26830,7 +27016,7 @@ Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from the 2701-context-2,2701,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic and Bench are sometimes used in town and with officials, but Sheko is often used as well. Amharic is language of instruction in elementary school, and English in middle school.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Bench"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many adults and elders are monolingual; many children also learn Amharic; some children learn Bench as well.""}",,"The Sheko people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue, and they are convinced that their language will be used for many generations to come; they say Sheko will not be forgotten.",bib363,yes 2701-location-1,2701,location,"{""Places"": [""The Kebeles of the Sheko District: Selale, Shaita, Gaizek'a, Bainek'a, Gotek'a, Shashek'a, Boita, Bardik'a, Itek'a, Machuk'a, Gufik'a, Gomuk'a, Muruntse, Jenjek'a, Donji, Bonki, Jabi, Aibera, Weshek'a, Bajek'a, Gezemerata, Shimi, Jemdose, Sank'a, Worgu""], ""Description"": ""The Sheko District consists of the administrative centre Sheko town and twenty-five K'ebeles. Only four K'ebeles (Bainek'a, Gaizek'a, Gufik'a, Gotek'a) are inhabited by Sheko people alone. The other K'ebeles also have citizens from the Amhara, Bench, Gurage, Kefa, and Tigre areas.""}",,,bib367,no -2701-location-2,2701,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.463219, 35.452667]]}",,,bib7945,no +2701-location-2,2701,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.463219, 35.452667]]}",,,bib7970,no 2701-speakers-1,2701,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib363,yes 2701-speaker_number-2,2701,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 2701-speakers-2,2701,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23772"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no @@ -26847,10 +27033,10 @@ their language will be used for many generations to come; they say Sheko will no 2702-context-1,2702,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic is the language of instruction in schools.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Oromo; Gurage;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Weekly radio broadcast are in Yem.""}",,Within the family Yemsa is used primarily. The use of Yemsa as the language in the homes is very stable. [...] Even in town Yemsa is used predominantly; but a large number of people seem to use Amharic as the language for matters related to administration.,bib363,no 2702-context-2,2702,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yem; Oromo; Amharic;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Most Yem have a positive attitude towards their own language. They want to revive it.""}",,"The percentage of Amharic being spoken as a native language is increasing, whereas the percentage of Yem is decreasing from generation to generation.",bib359,yes 2702-location-1,2702,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.83333333333, 37.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2702-location-2,2702,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6347, 37.3205]]}",,,bib5307,no +2702-location-2,2702,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6347, 37.3205]]}",,,bib5330,no 2702-location-4,2702,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples\u2019 region: Yem zone; Oromia region: northeast of Jimma zone, Fofa (main village); mixed in Oromo villages; Saja, Deedoo, Sak\u2019a, Jimma. Southwest.""}",,,bib69,no -2702-speaker_number-1,2702,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2702-speakers-1,2702,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81,613"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2702-speaker_number-1,2702,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2702-speakers-1,2702,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81,613"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2702-speaker_number-2,2702,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 2702-speakers-2,2702,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""165,770"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""81,614"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no 2702-speakers-3,2702,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib359,yes @@ -26862,8 +27048,8 @@ their language will be used for many generations to come; they say Sheko will no 2702-transmission-1,2702,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Yem people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten. However, some are aware of the fact that there are Yem people who do not speak their mother tongue any more. They referred to them as 'those who live outside the Yem District,' or 'those mixed with Oromo.' Several times we were told that someone who stays in the Yem District will not forget his language, but if he leaves his area, he may give it up.",bib363,no 2702-domains_of_use-1,2702,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Yem people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten. However, some are aware of the fact that there are Yem people who do not speak their mother tongue any more. They referred to them as 'those who live outside the Yem District,' or 'those mixed with Oromo.' Several times we were told that someone who stays in the Yem District will not forget his language, but if he leaves his area, he may give it up.",bib363,no 2702-vitality-1,2702,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Yem people have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue and are convinced that their language will be used throughout generations and that it will not be forgotten. However, some are aware of the fact that there are Yem people who do not speak their mother tongue any more. They referred to them as 'those who live outside the Yem District,' or 'those mixed with Oromo.' Several times we were told that someone who stays in the Yem District will not forget his language, but if he leaves his area, he may give it up.",bib363,no -2702-LEI-2,2702,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2702-vitality-2,2702,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2702-LEI-2,2702,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2702-vitality-2,2702,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2702-LEI-3,2702,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 2702-vitality-3,2702,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 2702-LEI-4,2702,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Their children speak it less and less.,bib359,yes @@ -26874,259 +27060,259 @@ their language will be used for many generations to come; they say Sheko will no 2702-vitality-5,2702,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2702-LEI-6,2702,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2702-vitality-6,2702,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2703-context-1,2703,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongondow""}",,"It is completely surrounded by Mongondow, which is the second language of all Lolak speakers and puts great pressure on Lolak.",bib7938,yes -2703-location-1,2703,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8569, 124.0081]]}",,,bib5307,no -2703-location-2,2703,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern part of the north coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2703-context-1,2703,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongondow""}",,"It is completely surrounded by Mongondow, which is the second language of all Lolak speakers and puts great pressure on Lolak.",bib7963,yes +2703-location-1,2703,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8569, 124.0081]]}",,,bib5330,no +2703-location-2,2703,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern part of the north coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2703-location-3,2703,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2703-speaker_number-1,2703,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2703-speakers-1,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2703-speaker_number-2,2703,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,It has heavily borrowed lexical items from the very large Mongondow language.,bib7938,yes -2703-speakers-2,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,It has heavily borrowed lexical items from the very large Mongondow language.,bib7938,yes +2703-speaker_number-1,2703,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2703-speakers-1,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2703-speaker_number-2,2703,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,It has heavily borrowed lexical items from the very large Mongondow language.,bib7963,yes +2703-speakers-2,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,It has heavily borrowed lexical items from the very large Mongondow language.,bib7963,yes 2703-speaker_number-3,2703,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2703-speakers-3,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2703-speaker_number-4,2703,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (2004 SIL)",bib67,no 2703-speakers-4,2703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (2004 SIL)",bib67,no -2703-LEI-1,2703,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2703-vitality-1,2703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2703-LEI-2,2703,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2703-speaker_number_trends-2,2703,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,yes -2703-vitality-2,2703,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2703-LEI-1,2703,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2703-vitality-1,2703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2703-LEI-2,2703,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2703-speaker_number_trends-2,2703,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,yes +2703-vitality-2,2703,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2703-LEI-3,2703,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2703-vitality-3,2703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2703-LEI-4,2703,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2703-vitality-4,2703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2704-location-1,2704,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9427, 146.9311]]}",,,bib5307,no -2704-location-2,2704,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland from the westernmost extremity of the Huon Gulf.""}",,,bib7937,no +2704-location-1,2704,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9427, 146.9311]]}",,,bib5330,no +2704-location-2,2704,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province. Spoken inland from the westernmost extremity of the Huon Gulf.""}",,,bib7962,no 2704-location-3,2704,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, near the coast between Salamaua and Lae. 1 village.""}",,,bib67,yes -2704-speaker_number-1,2704,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2704-speakers-1,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2704-speaker_number-2,2704,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, 100 speakers were reported. This is likely to be less today.",bib7937,no -2704-speakers-2,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, 100 speakers were reported. This is likely to be less today.",bib7937,no +2704-speaker_number-1,2704,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2704-speakers-1,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2704-speaker_number-2,2704,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1978, 100 speakers were reported. This is likely to be less today.",bib7962,no +2704-speakers-2,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1978, 100 speakers were reported. This is likely to be less today.",bib7962,no 2704-speaker_number-3,2704,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2704-speakers-3,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2704-speaker_number-4,2704,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2704-speakers-4,2704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2704-LEI-1,2704,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2704-vitality-1,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2704-LEI-2,2704,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the large languages Buang Mapos and Buang Mangga, which are its northern and southwestern neighbours and to which it is related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no -2704-vitality-2,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the large languages Buang Mapos and Buang Mangga, which are its northern and southwestern neighbours and to which it is related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7937,no +2704-LEI-1,2704,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2704-vitality-1,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2704-LEI-2,2704,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the large languages Buang Mapos and Buang Mangga, which are its northern and southwestern neighbours and to which it is related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no +2704-vitality-2,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the large languages Buang Mapos and Buang Mangga, which are its northern and southwestern neighbours and to which it is related, and from Tok Pisin.",bib7962,no 2704-LEI-3,2704,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2704-vitality-3,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2704-LEI-4,2704,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2704-vitality-4,2704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2705-location-1,2705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6296, 146.39]]}",,,bib5307,no -2705-location-2,2705,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the north coast of the Huon Peninsula, near Saidor.""}",,,bib7937,no +2705-location-1,2705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6296, 146.39]]}",,,bib5330,no +2705-location-2,2705,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province. Spoken on the north coast of the Huon Peninsula, near Saidor.""}",,,bib7962,no 2705-location-3,2705,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Huon Peninsula north coast, next to Saidor, Wab and Saui villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -2705-speaker_number-1,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2705-speakers-1,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2705-speaker_number-2,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -2705-speakers-2,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no +2705-speaker_number-1,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2705-speakers-1,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2705-speaker_number-2,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +2705-speakers-2,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no 2705-speaker_number-3,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2705-speakers-3,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2705-speaker_number-4,2705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2705-speakers-4,2705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2705-LEI-1,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2705-vitality-1,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2705-LEI-2,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring larger closely related Biliau (or Awad Bing) language, and especially from Tok Pisin because of its nearness to Saidor.",bib7937,no -2705-vitality-2,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring larger closely related Biliau (or Awad Bing) language, and especially from Tok Pisin because of its nearness to Saidor.",bib7937,no +2705-LEI-1,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2705-vitality-1,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2705-LEI-2,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring larger closely related Biliau (or Awad Bing) language, and especially from Tok Pisin because of its nearness to Saidor.",bib7962,no +2705-vitality-2,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from the neighbouring larger closely related Biliau (or Awad Bing) language, and especially from Tok Pisin because of its nearness to Saidor.",bib7962,no 2705-LEI-3,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2705-vitality-3,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2705-LEI-4,2705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2705-vitality-4,2705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2706-location-1,2706,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.335839, 106.038567]]}",,,bib7945,no -2706-location-2,2706,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sumatra""], ""Description"": ""Sumatra, on northeast Bangka Island, Belinyu District.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2706-location-1,2706,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.335839, 106.038567]]}",,,bib7970,no +2706-location-2,2706,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sumatra""], ""Description"": ""Sumatra, on northeast Bangka Island, Belinyu District.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2706-location-3,2706,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 2706-speaker_number-1,2706,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2706-speakers-1,2706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2706-speaker_number-2,2706,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Contradictory reports say that there are still about fifty speakers, whereas others say that it is possibly extinct. In any case, it is at least seriously endangered or moribund, or possibly extinct.",bib7938,yes -2706-speakers-2,2706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Contradictory reports say that there are still about fifty speakers, whereas others say that it is possibly extinct. In any case, it is at least seriously endangered or moribund, or possibly extinct.",bib7938,yes +2706-speaker_number-2,2706,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Contradictory reports say that there are still about fifty speakers, whereas others say that it is possibly extinct. In any case, it is at least seriously endangered or moribund, or possibly extinct.",bib7963,yes +2706-speakers-2,2706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Contradictory reports say that there are still about fifty speakers, whereas others say that it is possibly extinct. In any case, it is at least seriously endangered or moribund, or possibly extinct.",bib7963,yes 2706-speaker_number-3,2706,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 2706-speakers-3,2706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""340,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no 2706-LEI-1,2706,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2706-vitality-1,2706,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2706-LEI-2,2706,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2706-speaker_number_trends-2,2706,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -2706-vitality-2,2706,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2706-LEI-2,2706,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2706-speaker_number_trends-2,2706,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +2706-vitality-2,2706,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2706-LEI-3,2706,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2706-vitality-3,2706,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2707-location-1,2707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.08333333333, 142.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2707-location-2,2707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9876, 141.9838]]}",,,bib5307,no -2707-location-3,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Po, Ramo, Sumo, and Warapu.""}",,,bib4545,no +2707-location-2,2707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9876, 141.9838]]}",,,bib5330,no +2707-location-3,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Po, Ramo, Sumo, and Warapu.""}",,,bib4566,no 2707-location-4,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, near Sera and Sissano coast, northwest peninsula of Sissano Lagoon, around Sumo and Ramu towns.""}",,,bib69,no -2707-location-5,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""North coast of Papua New Guinea.""}",,,bib1840,no -2707-location-6,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on a part of the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea on the northwest peninsula of the Sissano lagoon which is between Vanimo and Aitape.""}",,,bib7937,yes -2707-speaker_number-1,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2707-speakers-1,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2707-speaker_number-2,2707,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -2707-speakers-2,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +2707-location-5,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""North coast of Papua New Guinea.""}",,,bib1852,no +2707-location-6,2707,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken on a part of the northwestern coast of Papua New Guinea on the northwest peninsula of the Sissano lagoon which is between Vanimo and Aitape.""}",,,bib7962,yes +2707-speaker_number-1,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2707-speakers-1,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2707-speaker_number-2,2707,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +2707-speakers-2,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 2707-speaker_number-3,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2707-speakers-3,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2707-speaker_number-4,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm),bib69,no 2707-speakers-4,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm),bib69,no -2707-speaker_number-5,2707,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1840,no -2707-speakers-5,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1840,no -2707-speaker_number-6,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 1,602 speakers were reported, including 442 non-residents. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami almost completely annihilated the population in the disaster area and there were hardly any Warapu speaking survivors in that area, and almost the only Warapu speakers were those who were absent from the area, i.e. non-resident speakers living elsewhere. Their number may be a few hundred.",bib7937,yes -2707-speakers-6,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 1,602 speakers were reported, including 442 non-residents. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami almost completely annihilated the population in the disaster area and there were hardly any Warapu speaking survivors in that area, and almost the only Warapu speakers were those who were absent from the area, i.e. non-resident speakers living elsewhere. Their number may be a few hundred.",bib7937,yes -2707-LEI-1,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2707-vitality-1,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2707-LEI-2,2707,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2707-vitality-2,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2707-speaker_number-5,2707,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1852,no +2707-speakers-5,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1852,no +2707-speaker_number-6,2707,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 1,602 speakers were reported, including 442 non-residents. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami almost completely annihilated the population in the disaster area and there were hardly any Warapu speaking survivors in that area, and almost the only Warapu speakers were those who were absent from the area, i.e. non-resident speakers living elsewhere. Their number may be a few hundred.",bib7962,yes +2707-speakers-6,2707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 1,602 speakers were reported, including 442 non-residents. Language use was vigorous then. However, in November 1998, a tsunami almost completely annihilated the population in the disaster area and there were hardly any Warapu speaking survivors in that area, and almost the only Warapu speakers were those who were absent from the area, i.e. non-resident speakers living elsewhere. Their number may be a few hundred.",bib7962,yes +2707-LEI-1,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2707-vitality-1,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2707-LEI-2,2707,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2707-vitality-2,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2707-LEI-3,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2707-vitality-3,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2707-LEI-4,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2707-vitality-4,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2707-LEI-5,2707,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1998, the population was almost halved by a tsunami.",bib1840,no -2707-vitality-5,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1998, the population was almost halved by a tsunami.",bib1840,no -2707-LEI-6,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is now endangered, or even seriously endangered in view of the scattered nature of the surviving Warapu speakers.",bib7937,yes -2707-vitality-6,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is now endangered, or even seriously endangered in view of the scattered nature of the surviving Warapu speakers.",bib7937,yes -2708-context-2,2708,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2708-location-1,2708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8717, 128.8366]]}",,,bib5307,no +2707-LEI-5,2707,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1998, the population was almost halved by a tsunami.",bib1852,no +2707-vitality-5,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1998, the population was almost halved by a tsunami.",bib1852,no +2707-LEI-6,2707,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is now endangered, or even seriously endangered in view of the scattered nature of the surviving Warapu speakers.",bib7962,yes +2707-vitality-6,2707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is now endangered, or even seriously endangered in view of the scattered nature of the surviving Warapu speakers.",bib7962,yes +2708-context-2,2708,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2708-location-1,2708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8717, 128.8366]]}",,,bib5330,no 2708-location-2,2708,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province, central, north central Seram.""}",,,bib69,yes -2708-location-3,2708,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province: spoken on the north coast of West Seram Island.""}",,,bib7938,no -2708-speaker_number-1,2708,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2708-speakers-1,2708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2708-location-3,2708,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province: spoken on the north coast of West Seram Island.""}",,,bib7963,no +2708-speaker_number-1,2708,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2708-speakers-1,2708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2708-speakers-2,2708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes 2708-speaker_number-4,2708,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2708-speakers-4,2708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2708-LEI-1,2708,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2708-vitality-1,2708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2708-LEI-1,2708,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2708-vitality-1,2708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2708-LEI-2,2708,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 2708-vitality-2,2708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -2708-LEI-3,2708,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2708-transmission-3,2708,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2708-speaker_number_trends-3,2708,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2708-vitality-3,2708,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7938,no +2708-LEI-3,2708,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2708-transmission-3,2708,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2708-speaker_number_trends-3,2708,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2708-vitality-3,2708,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7963,no 2708-LEI-4,2708,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2708-vitality-4,2708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2709-context-1,2709,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin for church, public forums""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, other local languages""}",,"When older Yeri speakers converse with speakers of nearby languages, the choice of language is complex. When they converse with younger speakers, the default choice appears to be Tok Pisin. Younger speakers in the area (Yeri or other languages) have less competence in the minority languages of the area. When older Yeri speakers converse with older speakers from other villages, they may use Yeri, Tok Pisin, or the other speaker’s language depending on the competence of both speakers. For example, it’s common for older Yeri speakers to also speak the language of their mother if their mother came from another village, and Tok Pisin. The conversation may consist of both speakers using Yeri, both speakers using Tok Pisin, or both speakers using the other language. It’s also common for the Yeri speaker to speak Yeri and the other speaker to speak their own language. The choice of language appears to be determined by the language competencies of both speakers and a mixture of other sociolinguistic factors. In general it’s easier to point out the domains in which Tok Pisin is predominantly used. Tok Pisin is used in church and in public forums (e.g. weekly discussions about village plans and -such in an informal plaza).",bib7848,yes -2709-location-1,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yapunda village"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.4667, 142.45]]}",,,bib7848,yes -2709-location-2,2709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, 142.4]]}",,,bib5307,no -2709-location-3,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yapunda village""}",,,bib4545,no +such in an informal plaza).",bib7873,yes +2709-location-1,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yapunda village"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.4667, 142.45]]}",,,bib7873,yes +2709-location-2,2709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5, 142.4]]}",,,bib5330,no +2709-location-3,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yapunda village""}",,,bib4566,no 2709-location-4,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Sandaun Province, south-southeast of Aitape, on upper Om river.""}",,,bib69,no -2709-location-5,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in the eastern part of Sandaun Province, about 40km south-southeast of Aitape, on the upper Om River.""}",,,bib7937,no -2709-speaker_number-1,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Certainly no more than 100 [speakers]. Probably closer to 60 or so. Fluent speakers are mostly over the age of 40. As a general rule, females in their 20s and 30s speak a simplified variety of the language. Males in their 30s or so can speak a simplified variety of the language. Most males younger than 30 though have only a passive knowledge of the language. They can’t produce the language, or show obvious difficulty forming sentences in the language. Children only speak Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-speakers-1,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Certainly no more than 100 [speakers]. Probably closer to 60 or so. Fluent speakers are mostly over the age of 40. As a general rule, females in their 20s and 30s speak a simplified variety of the language. Males in their 30s or so can speak a simplified variety of the language. Most males younger than 30 though have only a passive knowledge of the language. They can’t produce the language, or show obvious difficulty forming sentences in the language. Children only speak Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-speaker_number-2,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2709-speakers-2,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2709-speaker_number-3,2709,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2709-speakers-3,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +2709-location-5,2709,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province. Spoken in the eastern part of Sandaun Province, about 40km south-southeast of Aitape, on the upper Om River.""}",,,bib7962,no +2709-speaker_number-1,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Certainly no more than 100 [speakers]. Probably closer to 60 or so. Fluent speakers are mostly over the age of 40. As a general rule, females in their 20s and 30s speak a simplified variety of the language. Males in their 30s or so can speak a simplified variety of the language. Most males younger than 30 though have only a passive knowledge of the language. They can’t produce the language, or show obvious difficulty forming sentences in the language. Children only speak Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-speakers-1,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Certainly no more than 100 [speakers]. Probably closer to 60 or so. Fluent speakers are mostly over the age of 40. As a general rule, females in their 20s and 30s speak a simplified variety of the language. Males in their 30s or so can speak a simplified variety of the language. Most males younger than 30 though have only a passive knowledge of the language. They can’t produce the language, or show obvious difficulty forming sentences in the language. Children only speak Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-speaker_number-2,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2709-speakers-2,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2709-speaker_number-3,2709,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2709-speakers-3,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 2709-speaker_number-4,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2709-speakers-4,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2709-speaker_number-5,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm),bib69,no 2709-speakers-5,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm),bib69,no -2709-speaker_number-6,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -2709-speakers-6,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -2709-LEI-1,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-transmission-1,2709,transmission,4,transmission-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-domains_of_use-1,2709,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-speaker_number_trends-1,2709,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-vitality-1,2709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7848,yes -2709-LEI-2,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2709-vitality-2,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2709-LEI-3,2709,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2709-vitality-3,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2709-speaker_number-6,2709,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +2709-speakers-6,2709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +2709-LEI-1,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-transmission-1,2709,transmission,4,transmission-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-domains_of_use-1,2709,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-speaker_number_trends-1,2709,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-vitality-1,2709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[Speaker numbers are] declining very quickly. Most people in the village assume that children can’t understand Yeri. Although Yeri can be used to address children, Tok Pisin is more predominantly used to talk to children. Maybe 40-50%% of the village speaks Yeri pretty well. A smaller portion speaks it fluently. A larger portion can speak at least some Yeri or has passive knowledge of the language. Yeri is mostly used between older speakers (regardless of whether they’re at home or walking around in the village) or to tell traditional narratives. It’s also frequently used in combination with Tok Pisin.",bib7873,yes +2709-LEI-2,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2709-vitality-2,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2709-LEI-3,2709,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2709-vitality-3,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2709-LEI-4,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2709-vitality-4,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2709-LEI-5,2709,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Endangered (2000 S. Wurm). Under pressure from Palei languages (Wurm 2007). Most adults over the age of 30 (2014 M. Dryer).,bib69,no 2709-transmission-5,2709,transmission,2,transmission-2,Endangered (2000 S. Wurm). Under pressure from Palei languages (Wurm 2007). Most adults over the age of 30 (2014 M. Dryer).,bib69,no 2709-vitality-5,2709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Endangered (2000 S. Wurm). Under pressure from Palei languages (Wurm 2007). Most adults over the age of 30 (2014 M. Dryer).,bib69,no -2709-LEI-6,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related larger languages, such as Aiku, its southern neighbour.",bib7937,no -2709-vitality-6,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related larger languages, such as Aiku, its southern neighbour.",bib7937,no -2710-context-1,2710,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fataluku""}",,,bib7938,yes -2710-location-1,2710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4017, 127.2271]]}",,,bib5307,no -2710-location-2,2710,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2709-LEI-6,2709,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related larger languages, such as Aiku, its southern neighbour.",bib7962,no +2709-vitality-6,2709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is under pressure from neighbouring related larger languages, such as Aiku, its southern neighbour.",bib7962,no +2710-context-1,2710,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fataluku""}",,,bib7963,yes +2710-location-1,2710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4017, 127.2271]]}",,,bib5330,no +2710-location-2,2710,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2710-location-3,2710,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""], ""Description"": ""Northeast tip of Timor Island, around Tutuala.""}",,,bib67,no -2710-speaker_number-1,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2710-speakers-1,2710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2710-speaker_number-2,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Since the East Timor massacres and deportations before independence there are probably very many fewer. The area where Maku’a was spoken was very much affected by the rampages and killings by the militia. It was feared that the last speakers of Maku’a may have perished as a result of this. However, as was mentioned above in the section on language endangerment, it is now known that there are still some surviving speakers of Maku’a. The language is moribund.",bib7938,yes -2710-speakers-2,2710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Since the East Timor massacres and deportations before independence there are probably very many fewer. The area where Maku’a was spoken was very much affected by the rampages and killings by the militia. It was feared that the last speakers of Maku’a may have perished as a result of this. However, as was mentioned above in the section on language endangerment, it is now known that there are still some surviving speakers of Maku’a. The language is moribund.",bib7938,yes +2710-speaker_number-1,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2710-speakers-1,2710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2710-speaker_number-2,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Since the East Timor massacres and deportations before independence there are probably very many fewer. The area where Maku’a was spoken was very much affected by the rampages and killings by the militia. It was feared that the last speakers of Maku’a may have perished as a result of this. However, as was mentioned above in the section on language endangerment, it is now known that there are still some surviving speakers of Maku’a. The language is moribund.",bib7963,yes +2710-speakers-2,2710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Since the East Timor massacres and deportations before independence there are probably very many fewer. The area where Maku’a was spoken was very much affected by the rampages and killings by the militia. It was feared that the last speakers of Maku’a may have perished as a result of this. However, as was mentioned above in the section on language endangerment, it is now known that there are still some surviving speakers of Maku’a. The language is moribund.",bib7963,yes 2710-speaker_number-3,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2710-speakers-3,2710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2710-speaker_number-4,2710,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 2710-speakers-4,2710,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no -2710-LEI-1,2710,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2710-vitality-1,2710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2710-LEI-2,2710,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2710-transmission-2,2710,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -2710-vitality-2,2710,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7938,yes +2710-LEI-1,2710,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2710-vitality-1,2710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2710-LEI-2,2710,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2710-transmission-2,2710,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +2710-vitality-2,2710,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7963,yes 2710-LEI-3,2710,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2710-vitality-3,2710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2710-LEI-4,2710,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2710-vitality-4,2710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2711-context-1,2711,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"Tok Pisin is the ""prestige language"".",bib2678,yes +2711-context-1,2711,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,"Tok Pisin is the ""prestige language"".",bib2691,yes 2711-context-2,2711,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no 2711-location-1,2711,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.66666666667, 143.55]]}",,,bib216,no -2711-location-2,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sepik river basin area: \""two villages along the lower reaches of the Arafundi river, a tributary of the Karawari river, which in turn is a tributary of the main Sepik river\""""}",,,bib2678,yes -2711-location-3,2711,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.6038, 143.6077]]}",,,bib5307,no -2711-location-4,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yimas village""}",,,bib4545,no +2711-location-2,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sepik river basin area: \""two villages along the lower reaches of the Arafundi river, a tributary of the Karawari river, which in turn is a tributary of the main Sepik river\""""}",,,bib2691,yes +2711-location-3,2711,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.6038, 143.6077]]}",,,bib5330,no +2711-location-4,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Yimas village""}",,,bib4566,no 2711-location-5,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, near Chambri, Arafundi and middle Karawari rivers.""}",,,bib69,no -2711-location-6,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the southeastern part of the East Sepik Province on the lower Arafundi River, a southern tributary of the middle Karawari River, itself a southern tributary of the middle Sepik River.""}",,,bib7937,no -2711-speaker_number-1,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2678,yes -2711-speakers-1,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2678,yes -2711-speaker_number-2,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2711-speakers-2,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2711-speaker_number-3,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2711-speakers-3,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +2711-location-6,2711,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province. Spoken in the southeastern part of the East Sepik Province on the lower Arafundi River, a southern tributary of the middle Karawari River, itself a southern tributary of the middle Sepik River.""}",,,bib7962,no +2711-speaker_number-1,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2691,yes +2711-speakers-1,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2691,yes +2711-speaker_number-2,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2711-speakers-2,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2711-speaker_number-3,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2711-speakers-3,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 2711-speaker_number-4,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2711-speakers-4,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2711-speaker_number-5,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 2711-speakers-5,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -2711-speaker_number-6,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. Now there are about 300.",bib7937,no -2711-speakers-6,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. Now there are about 300.",bib7937,no -2711-LEI-1,2711,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2678,yes -2711-transmission-1,2711,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib2678,yes -2711-vitality-1,2711,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2678,yes -2711-LEI-2,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2711-vitality-2,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2711-LEI-3,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2711-vitality-3,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +2711-speaker_number-6,2711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. Now there are about 300.",bib7962,no +2711-speakers-6,2711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 350 speakers were reported. Now there are about 300.",bib7962,no +2711-LEI-1,2711,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2691,yes +2711-transmission-1,2711,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib2691,yes +2711-vitality-1,2711,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2691,yes +2711-LEI-2,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2711-vitality-2,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2711-LEI-3,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2711-vitality-3,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 2711-LEI-4,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2711-vitality-4,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2711-LEI-5,2711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2711-vitality-5,2711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2711-LEI-6,2711,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2711-transmission-6,2711,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2711-speaker_number_trends-6,2711,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2711-vitality-6,2711,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7937,no -2712-context-1,2712,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berik""}",,,bib7938,no -2712-location-1,2712,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.4341, 138.7284]]}",,,bib5307,no -2712-location-2,2712,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland in the central north coast area, on the Upper Bu River, a tributary of the Upper Tor River.""}",,,bib7938,no +2711-LEI-6,2711,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2711-transmission-6,2711,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2711-speaker_number_trends-6,2711,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2711-vitality-6,2711,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is under pressure from larger related languages such as Tabriak (or Karawari), its northern neighbour, and of Tok Pisin which the young speakers tend to prefer.",bib7962,no +2712-context-1,2712,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berik""}",,,bib7963,no +2712-location-1,2712,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.4341, 138.7284]]}",,,bib5330,no +2712-location-2,2712,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland in the central north coast area, on the Upper Bu River, a tributary of the Upper Tor River.""}",,,bib7963,no 2712-location-3,2712,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2712-speaker_number-1,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2712-speakers-1,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2712-speaker_number-2,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Some of the Foyu speakers have shifted to it. Speakers intermarry with the speakers of the much larger Berik language who are their western neighbours, and speak Berik as a second language. The speakers are nomadic. The language is now seriously endangered.",bib7938,no -2712-speakers-2,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Some of the Foyu speakers have shifted to it. Speakers intermarry with the speakers of the much larger Berik language who are their western neighbours, and speak Berik as a second language. The speakers are nomadic. The language is now seriously endangered.",bib7938,no +2712-speaker_number-1,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2712-speakers-1,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2712-speaker_number-2,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Some of the Foyu speakers have shifted to it. Speakers intermarry with the speakers of the much larger Berik language who are their western neighbours, and speak Berik as a second language. The speakers are nomadic. The language is now seriously endangered.",bib7963,no +2712-speakers-2,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Some of the Foyu speakers have shifted to it. Speakers intermarry with the speakers of the much larger Berik language who are their western neighbours, and speak Berik as a second language. The speakers are nomadic. The language is now seriously endangered.",bib7963,no 2712-speaker_number-3,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2712-speakers-3,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2712-speaker_number-4,2712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes 2712-speakers-4,2712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes -2712-LEI-1,2712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2712-vitality-1,2712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2712-LEI-2,2712,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2712-speaker_number_trends-2,2712,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2712-vitality-2,2712,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2712-LEI-1,2712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2712-vitality-1,2712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2712-LEI-2,2712,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2712-speaker_number_trends-2,2712,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2712-vitality-2,2712,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2712-LEI-3,2712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2712-vitality-3,2712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2712-LEI-4,2712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2712-vitality-4,2712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2713-context-1,2713,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib6190,yes -2713-location-1,2713,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Arfak mountains, south of Manokwari in the Eastern Bird\u2019s Head area of Papua."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.954, 133.997], [-1.202, 133.896], [-1.233, 134.187]]}",,,bib6190,yes +2713-context-1,2713,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib6214,yes +2713-location-1,2713,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Arfak mountains, south of Manokwari in the Eastern Bird\u2019s Head area of Papua."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.954, 133.997], [-1.202, 133.896], [-1.233, 134.187]]}",,,bib6214,yes 2713-location-2,2713,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, 134.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2713-location-3,2713,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2713-speaker_number-1,2713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6190,yes -2713-speakers-1,2713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6190,yes +2713-speaker_number-1,2713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6214,yes +2713-speakers-1,2713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6214,yes 2713-speaker_number-2,2713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2713-speakers-2,2713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993 (TEAM)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2713-LEI-1,2713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6190,yes -2713-vitality-1,2713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6190,yes +2713-LEI-1,2713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6214,yes +2713-vitality-1,2713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6214,yes 2713-LEI-2,2713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2713-vitality-2,2713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2714-location-1,2714,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Mapia islands, about 290 km north of Manokwari town.""}",,,bib69,yes -2714-location-2,2714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8321, 134.3023]]}",,,bib5307,no +2714-location-2,2714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8321, 134.3023]]}",,,bib5330,no 2714-speaker_number-1,2714,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2714-speakers-1,2714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2714-speakers-2,2714,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes @@ -27134,218 +27320,218 @@ such in an informal plaza).",bib7848,yes 2714-vitality-1,2714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2714-LEI-2,2714,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 2714-vitality-2,2714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -2715-context-1,2715,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""neighboring Tor languages""}",,,bib7938,no -2715-location-1,2715,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2571, 139.5455]]}",,,bib5307,no -2715-location-2,2715,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the central north coast, south of Anus, east of Lake Tahoen.""}",,,bib7938,no +2715-context-1,2715,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""neighboring Tor languages""}",,,bib7963,no +2715-location-1,2715,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2571, 139.5455]]}",,,bib5330,no +2715-location-2,2715,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from the central north coast, south of Anus, east of Lake Tahoen.""}",,,bib7963,no 2715-location-3,2715,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2715-speaker_number-1,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2715-speakers-1,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2715-speaker_number-2,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2715-speakers-2,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2715-speaker_number-1,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2715-speakers-1,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2715-speaker_number-2,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2715-speakers-2,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2715-speaker_number-3,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2715-speakers-3,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2715-speaker_number-4,2715,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,yes 2715-speakers-4,2715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,yes -2715-LEI-1,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2715-vitality-1,2715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2715-LEI-2,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2715-speaker_number_trends-2,2715,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2715-vitality-2,2715,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2715-LEI-1,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2715-vitality-1,2715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2715-LEI-2,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2715-speaker_number_trends-2,2715,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2715-vitality-2,2715,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2715-LEI-3,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2715-vitality-3,2715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2715-LEI-4,2715,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2715-vitality-4,2715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2716-context-1,2716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Irianese Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Our overall impression was that this is a small group that is successfully hanging on to their identity. They are surrounded by much larger, linguistically unrelated groups. They are far away from services and economic opportunities. One gets the impression that they feel proud of who they are but vulnerable in their situation.""}",,,bib1747,no -2716-context-2,2716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Isirawa, Samarokena, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2716-location-1,2716,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Masep village can be reached by outrigger canoe from Sarmi in about four hours. It can also be reached by foot from Sarmi in a full day of very hard walking (and crossing rivers) with no rests. As boats do not often frequent Masep village, the people usually walk if they wish to go to Sarmi.""}",,,bib1747,no -2716-location-2,2716,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7575, 138.3178]]}",,,bib5307,no -2716-location-3,2716,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken east of the mouth of the Apauwar River which is east of the mouth of the large Mamberamo River in the far west of the north coast of Irian Jaya, east of the eastern top end of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7938,no +2716-context-1,2716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Irianese Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Our overall impression was that this is a small group that is successfully hanging on to their identity. They are surrounded by much larger, linguistically unrelated groups. They are far away from services and economic opportunities. One gets the impression that they feel proud of who they are but vulnerable in their situation.""}",,,bib1759,no +2716-context-2,2716,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Isirawa, Samarokena, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2716-location-1,2716,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Masep village can be reached by outrigger canoe from Sarmi in about four hours. It can also be reached by foot from Sarmi in a full day of very hard walking (and crossing rivers) with no rests. As boats do not often frequent Masep village, the people usually walk if they wish to go to Sarmi.""}",,,bib1759,no +2716-location-2,2716,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.7575, 138.3178]]}",,,bib5330,no +2716-location-3,2716,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken east of the mouth of the Apauwar River which is east of the mouth of the large Mamberamo River in the far west of the north coast of Irian Jaya, east of the eastern top end of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7963,no 2716-location-4,2716,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2716-speaker_number-1,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Masep language, which in the vernacular is called Wotaf, is only spoken in the village of Masep by under fifty speakers.",bib1747,no -2716-speakers-1,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Masep language, which in the vernacular is called Wotaf, is only spoken in the village of Masep by under fifty speakers.",bib1747,no -2716-speaker_number-2,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2716-speakers-2,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2716-speaker_number-3,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2716-speakers-3,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2716-speaker_number-1,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Masep language, which in the vernacular is called Wotaf, is only spoken in the village of Masep by under fifty speakers.",bib1759,no +2716-speakers-1,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Masep language, which in the vernacular is called Wotaf, is only spoken in the village of Masep by under fifty speakers.",bib1759,no +2716-speaker_number-2,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2716-speakers-2,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2716-speaker_number-3,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2716-speakers-3,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2716-speaker_number-4,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2716-speakers-4,2716,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2716-speaker_number-5,2716,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2716-speakers-5,2716,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2716-LEI-1,2716,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1747,no -2716-transmission-1,2716,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1747,no -2716-domains_of_use-1,2716,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1747,no -2716-vitality-1,2716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1747,no -2716-LEI-2,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2716-vitality-2,2716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2716-LEI-3,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2716-speaker_number_trends-3,2716,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -2716-vitality-3,2716,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2716-LEI-1,2716,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1759,no +2716-transmission-1,2716,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1759,no +2716-domains_of_use-1,2716,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1759,no +2716-vitality-1,2716,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1759,no +2716-LEI-2,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2716-vitality-2,2716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2716-LEI-3,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2716-speaker_number_trends-3,2716,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +2716-vitality-3,2716,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2716-LEI-4,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2716-vitality-4,2716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2716-LEI-5,2716,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2716-vitality-5,2716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2717-context-1,2717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dani, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2717-location-1,2717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, 139.0]]}",,,bib5307,no +2717-context-1,2717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dani, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2717-location-1,2717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, 139.0]]}",,,bib5330,no 2717-location-2,2717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.83333333333, 139.25]]}",,,bib216,no -2717-location-3,2717,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the lowlands just south of the main ranges in eastern central Irian Jaya, on the middle Vriendschap River and on the Catalina (Eilanden) River.""}",,,bib7938,no +2717-location-3,2717,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the lowlands just south of the main ranges in eastern central Irian Jaya, on the middle Vriendschap River and on the Catalina (Eilanden) River.""}",,,bib7963,no 2717-location-4,2717,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2717-speaker_number-1,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2717-speakers-1,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2717-speaker_number-2,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1987, 2,700 speakers were reported, but latest estimates speak of only 2,000.",bib7938,no -2717-speakers-2,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1987, 2,700 speakers were reported, but latest estimates speak of only 2,000.",bib7938,no +2717-speaker_number-1,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2717-speakers-1,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2717-speaker_number-2,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1987, 2,700 speakers were reported, but latest estimates speak of only 2,000.",bib7963,no +2717-speakers-2,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1987, 2,700 speakers were reported, but latest estimates speak of only 2,000.",bib7963,no 2717-speaker_number-3,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2717-speakers-3,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2717-speaker_number-4,2717,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).",bib67,yes 2717-speakers-4,2717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).",bib67,yes -2717-LEI-1,2717,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2717-vitality-1,2717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2717-LEI-2,2717,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7938,no -2717-speaker_number_trends-2,2717,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7938,no -2717-vitality-2,2717,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7938,no +2717-LEI-1,2717,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2717-vitality-1,2717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2717-LEI-2,2717,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7963,no +2717-speaker_number_trends-2,2717,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7963,no +2717-vitality-2,2717,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Traditional lingua franca of the area. However, it has been losing its contact language status to Indonesian and is under pressure from it.",bib7963,no 2717-LEI-3,2717,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2717-vitality-3,2717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2717-LEI-4,2717,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2717-vitality-4,2717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2718-context-1,2718,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -2718-location-1,2718,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8607, 132.7697]]}",,,bib5307,no -2718-location-2,2718,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeast Bomberai Peninsula, on the coast of Bintuni Bay.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2718-context-1,2718,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Baham, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +2718-location-1,2718,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8607, 132.7697]]}",,,bib5330,no +2718-location-2,2718,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeast Bomberai Peninsula, on the coast of Bintuni Bay.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2718-location-3,2718,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2718-speaker_number-1,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2718-speakers-1,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2718-speaker_number-3,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1977, sixty speakers were reported, but there are fewer now.",bib7938,yes -2718-speakers-3,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1977, sixty speakers were reported, but there are fewer now.",bib7938,yes +2718-speaker_number-1,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2718-speakers-1,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2718-speaker_number-3,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1977, sixty speakers were reported, but there are fewer now.",bib7963,yes +2718-speakers-3,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1977, sixty speakers were reported, but there are fewer now.",bib7963,yes 2718-speaker_number-4,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2718-speakers-4,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2718-speaker_number-5,2718,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2718-speakers-5,2718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2718-LEI-1,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2718-vitality-1,2718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2718-LEI-2,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2718-speaker_number_trends-2,2718,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,yes -2718-vitality-2,2718,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2718-LEI-1,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2718-vitality-1,2718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2718-LEI-2,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2718-speaker_number_trends-2,2718,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,yes +2718-vitality-2,2718,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2718-LEI-3,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2718-vitality-3,2718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2718-LEI-4,2718,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2718-vitality-4,2718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2719-context-1,2719,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Marind, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2719-context-2,2719,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""the local variety of Indonesian/Malay; Marind"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib551,no -2719-context-3,2719,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, meetings, church service""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The people in Wasur speak Morori with their parents and during traditional ceremonies, but speak both Morori and Indonesian with their spouses, siblings, friends, and in the fields. They speak only Indonesian at the market, the clinic, in the church service, and in the village’s representative meetings. They speak Indonesian with their spouse and siblings more than their mother tongue.",bib4352,yes +2719-context-1,2719,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Marind, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2719-context-2,2719,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""the local variety of Indonesian/Malay; Marind"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib554,no +2719-context-3,2719,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, meetings, church service""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The people in Wasur speak Morori with their parents and during traditional ceremonies, but speak both Morori and Indonesian with their spouses, siblings, friends, and in the fields. They speak only Indonesian at the market, the clinic, in the church service, and in the village’s representative meetings. They speak Indonesian with their spouse and siblings more than their mother tongue.",bib4373,yes 2719-location-1,2719,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.58333333333, 140.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2719-location-2,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2719-location-3,2719,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7113, 140.7128]]}",,,bib5307,no -2719-location-4,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the extreme southwestern corner area of Irian Jaya, close to the Papua New Guinea border, east of Merauke.""}",,,bib7938,no -2719-location-5,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""in Kampung Wasur, around 15 kilometres east of Merauke, Indonesian Papua.""}",,,bib551,no +2719-location-3,2719,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7113, 140.7128]]}",,,bib5330,no +2719-location-4,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the extreme southwestern corner area of Irian Jaya, close to the Papua New Guinea border, east of Merauke.""}",,,bib7963,no +2719-location-5,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""in Kampung Wasur, around 15 kilometres east of Merauke, Indonesian Papua.""}",,,bib554,no 2719-location-6,2719,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Wasur Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.519, 140.501]]}",,"Village population is 346. -""The people in this village preferred that the village name be spelled 'Moraori,' although they pronounce the village name 'Marori.'""",bib4352,yes -2719-speaker_number-1,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8260,no -2719-speakers-1,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8260,no +""The people in this village preferred that the village name be spelled 'Moraori,' although they pronounce the village name 'Marori.'""",bib4373,yes +2719-speaker_number-1,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8285,no +2719-speakers-1,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8285,no 2719-speaker_number-2,2719,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from M. Donohue (1998).,bib67,no 2719-speakers-2,2719,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from M. Donohue (1998).,bib67,no -2719-speaker_number-3,2719,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2719-speakers-3,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2719-speakers-4,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50""}",,,bib7938,no -2719-speaker_number-5,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Marori language is highly endangered. There are several fluent speakers left, out of a total of 52 families or 119 people. Marori people typically have mixed marriages with Marind and non-Papuan Indonesians such as the Tanimbar people and currently the Javanese. The sociolinguistic survey carried out in 2000 (Sohn, Lebold & Kriens 2009) reports the precarious nature of the language, which I further confirmed when I did my fieldwork in 2008 and 2009. Young Maroris no longer actively speak their language. They may, however, still have passive competence of varying degrees. They almost all speak Indonesian or the local variety of Indonesian/Malay, and also Marind."" (p. 151)",bib551,no -2719-speakers-5,2719,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""119"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<119"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Marori language is highly endangered. There are several fluent speakers left, out of a total of 52 families or 119 people. Marori people typically have mixed marriages with Marind and non-Papuan Indonesians such as the Tanimbar people and currently the Javanese. The sociolinguistic survey carried out in 2000 (Sohn, Lebold & Kriens 2009) reports the precarious nature of the language, which I further confirmed when I did my fieldwork in 2008 and 2009. Young Maroris no longer actively speak their language. They may, however, still have passive competence of varying degrees. They almost all speak Indonesian or the local variety of Indonesian/Malay, and also Marind."" (p. 151)",bib551,no +2719-speaker_number-3,2719,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2719-speakers-3,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2719-speakers-4,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50""}",,,bib7963,no +2719-speaker_number-5,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Marori language is highly endangered. There are several fluent speakers left, out of a total of 52 families or 119 people. Marori people typically have mixed marriages with Marind and non-Papuan Indonesians such as the Tanimbar people and currently the Javanese. The sociolinguistic survey carried out in 2000 (Sohn, Lebold & Kriens 2009) reports the precarious nature of the language, which I further confirmed when I did my fieldwork in 2008 and 2009. Young Maroris no longer actively speak their language. They may, however, still have passive competence of varying degrees. They almost all speak Indonesian or the local variety of Indonesian/Malay, and also Marind."" (p. 151)",bib554,no +2719-speakers-5,2719,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""119"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<119"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Marori language is highly endangered. There are several fluent speakers left, out of a total of 52 families or 119 people. Marori people typically have mixed marriages with Marind and non-Papuan Indonesians such as the Tanimbar people and currently the Javanese. The sociolinguistic survey carried out in 2000 (Sohn, Lebold & Kriens 2009) reports the precarious nature of the language, which I further confirmed when I did my fieldwork in 2008 and 2009. Young Maroris no longer actively speak their language. They may, however, still have passive competence of varying degrees. They almost all speak Indonesian or the local variety of Indonesian/Malay, and also Marind."" (p. 151)",bib554,no 2719-speaker_number-6,2719,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2719-speakers-6,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2719-speaker_number-7,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"... the Morori language in Wasur is not well preserved and is dying out due to the influence of outsiders. The Morori language is spoken only in Wasur, and the number of speakers is only ten families.",bib4352,yes -2719-speakers-7,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"... the Morori language in Wasur is not well preserved and is dying out due to the influence of outsiders. The Morori language is spoken only in Wasur, and the number of speakers is only ten families.",bib4352,yes -2719-LEI-1,2719,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8260,no -2719-vitality-1,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8260,no +2719-speaker_number-7,2719,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"... the Morori language in Wasur is not well preserved and is dying out due to the influence of outsiders. The Morori language is spoken only in Wasur, and the number of speakers is only ten families.",bib4373,yes +2719-speakers-7,2719,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"... the Morori language in Wasur is not well preserved and is dying out due to the influence of outsiders. The Morori language is spoken only in Wasur, and the number of speakers is only ten families.",bib4373,yes +2719-LEI-1,2719,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8285,no +2719-vitality-1,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8285,no 2719-LEI-2,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2719-vitality-2,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2719-LEI-3,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2719-vitality-3,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2719-LEI-4,2719,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2719-speaker_number_trends-4,2719,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2719-vitality-4,2719,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no -2719-LEI-5,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib551,no -2719-transmission-5,2719,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib551,no -2719-speaker_number_trends-5,2719,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib551,no -2719-vitality-5,2719,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib551,no +2719-LEI-3,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2719-vitality-3,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2719-LEI-4,2719,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2719-speaker_number_trends-4,2719,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2719-vitality-4,2719,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no +2719-LEI-5,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib554,no +2719-transmission-5,2719,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib554,no +2719-speaker_number_trends-5,2719,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib554,no +2719-vitality-5,2719,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib554,no 2719-LEI-6,2719,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2719-vitality-6,2719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2719-LEI-7,2719,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4352,yes -2719-transmission-7,2719,transmission,2,transmission-2,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4352,yes -2719-domains_of_use-7,2719,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4352,yes -2719-speaker_number_trends-7,2719,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4352,yes -2719-vitality-7,2719,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4352,yes -2720-context-1,2720,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all.""}",,,bib7938,no -2720-location-1,2720,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.2882, 120.2536]]}",,,bib5307,no +2719-LEI-7,2719,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4373,yes +2719-transmission-7,2719,transmission,2,transmission-2,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4373,yes +2719-domains_of_use-7,2719,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4373,yes +2719-speaker_number_trends-7,2719,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4373,yes +2719-vitality-7,2719,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"According to the villagers in Wasur, there is no other place where people speak the Morori language. There are less than ten families living in Wasur, and young people and children cannot speak Morori. It is almost dying out. They reported that they could understand some Marind and Kanum.",bib4373,yes +2720-context-1,2720,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all.""}",,,bib7963,no +2720-location-1,2720,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.2882, 120.2536]]}",,,bib5330,no 2720-location-2,2720,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.33333333333, 120.416666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2720-location-3,2720,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern part of the bulk of Sulawesi, east of Lake Lindu.""}",,,bib7938,no +2720-location-3,2720,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi Province""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern part of the bulk of Sulawesi, east of Lake Lindu.""}",,,bib7963,no 2720-location-4,2720,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2720-speaker_number-1,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2720-speakers-1,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2720-speaker_number-2,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2720-speakers-2,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995, 1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2720-speaker_number-1,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2720-speakers-1,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2720-speaker_number-2,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2720-speakers-2,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995, 1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2720-speaker_number-3,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2720-speakers-3,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2720-speaker_number-4,2720,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 (1995)",bib67,yes 2720-speakers-4,2720,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 (1995)",bib67,yes -2720-LEI-1,2720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2720-vitality-1,2720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2720-LEI-2,2720,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7938,no -2720-transmission-2,2720,transmission,2,transmission-2,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7938,no -2720-speaker_number_trends-2,2720,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7938,no -2720-vitality-2,2720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7938,no +2720-LEI-1,2720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2720-vitality-1,2720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2720-LEI-2,2720,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7963,no +2720-transmission-2,2720,transmission,2,transmission-2,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7963,no +2720-speaker_number_trends-2,2720,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7963,no +2720-vitality-2,2720,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Young speakers tend to use Indo- nesian.,bib7963,no 2720-LEI-3,2720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2720-vitality-3,2720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2720-LEI-4,2720,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2720-vitality-4,2720,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2721-context-1,2721,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaure, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2721-location-1,2721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3818, 139.8202]]}",,,bib5307,no -2721-location-2,2721,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the upper Idenburg River and north as far as the upper Nawa River, in the northeastern inland part of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2721-context-1,2721,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaure, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2721-location-1,2721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.3818, 139.8202]]}",,,bib5330,no +2721-location-2,2721,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the upper Idenburg River and north as far as the upper Nawa River, in the northeastern inland part of Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2721-location-3,2721,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2721-speaker_number-1,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2721-speakers-1,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2721-speaker_number-2,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are probably fewer now, because of pressure from its larger eastern neighbour Kaure of the same Family, and of Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2721-speakers-2,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are probably fewer now, because of pressure from its larger eastern neighbour Kaure of the same Family, and of Indonesian.",bib7938,no +2721-speaker_number-1,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2721-speakers-1,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2721-speaker_number-2,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are probably fewer now, because of pressure from its larger eastern neighbour Kaure of the same Family, and of Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2721-speakers-2,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are probably fewer now, because of pressure from its larger eastern neighbour Kaure of the same Family, and of Indonesian.",bib7963,no 2721-speaker_number-3,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2721-speakers-3,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2721-speaker_number-4,2721,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,85 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2721-speakers-4,2721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,85 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2721-LEI-1,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2721-vitality-1,2721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2721-LEI-2,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2721-speaker_number_trends-2,2721,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2721-vitality-2,2721,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2721-LEI-1,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2721-vitality-1,2721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2721-LEI-2,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2721-speaker_number_trends-2,2721,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2721-vitality-2,2721,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2721-LEI-3,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2721-vitality-3,2721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2721-LEI-4,2721,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2721-vitality-4,2721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2723-context-1,2723,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Makasai, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2723-location-1,2723,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7357, 126.7053]]}",,,bib5307,no -2723-location-2,2723,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern coast of northeastern Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2723-context-1,2723,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Makasai, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2723-location-1,2723,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7357, 126.7053]]}",,,bib5330,no +2723-location-2,2723,location,"{""Places"": [""Timor-Leste""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern coast of northeastern Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2723-location-3,2723,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor"", ""East Timor""]}",,,bib67,yes -2723-speaker_number-1,2723,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2723-speakers-1,2723,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2723-speaker_number-2,2723,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2723-speakers-2,2723,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2723-speaker_number-1,2723,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2723-speakers-1,2723,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2723-speaker_number-2,2723,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2723-speakers-2,2723,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2723-speaker_number-3,2723,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2723-speakers-3,2723,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2723-speaker_number-4,2723,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,000 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ethnic population: 1,000.",bib67,yes 2723-speakers-4,2723,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,000 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ethnic population: 1,000.",bib67,yes -2723-LEI-1,2723,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2723-vitality-1,2723,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2723-LEI-2,2723,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2723-transmission-2,2723,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7938,no -2723-speaker_number_trends-2,2723,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2723-vitality-2,2723,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2723-LEI-1,2723,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2723-vitality-1,2723,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2723-LEI-2,2723,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2723-transmission-2,2723,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7963,no +2723-speaker_number_trends-2,2723,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2723-vitality-2,2723,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2723-LEI-3,2723,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2723-vitality-3,2723,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2723-LEI-4,2723,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2723-vitality-4,2723,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2724-location-1,2724,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Department of La Paz""], ""Description"": ""Province of Iturralde (cantons of Tumupasa and Ixiamas, north of La Paz); some groups scattered along the banks of the Orton, Beni and Madre de Dios rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +2724-location-1,2724,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Department of La Paz""], ""Description"": ""Province of Iturralde (cantons of Tumupasa and Ixiamas, north of La Paz); some groups scattered along the banks of the Orton, Beni and Madre de Dios rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 2724-location-2,2724,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5, -68.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2724-location-3,2724,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonia (Bolivia)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2724-location-3,2724,location,"{""Places"": [""Amazonia (Bolivia)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2724-location-4,2724,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Beni and Madre de Dios rivers, jungle, some in foothills""}",,"La Paz Department, Iturralde province, Tumupasa and Ixiamas cantons; some groups scattered along the banks of the Orton, Beni, and Madre de Dios rivers, San Buenaventura, Tahua, Napashe, Capaina.",bib67,no 2724-speaker_number-1,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2724-speakers-1,2724,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,821"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2724-speaker_number-2,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1965, there were still 3,000 to 4,000 speakers of Tacana reported. This implies a massive shift to Spanish, which is spoken by 100 per cent of the Tacana population.",bib1903,no -2724-speakers-2,2724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1965, there were still 3,000 to 4,000 speakers of Tacana reported. This implies a massive shift to Spanish, which is spoken by 100 per cent of the Tacana population.",bib1903,no -2724-speaker_number-3,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2724-speakers-3,2724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,345"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,153"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2724-speaker_number-2,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1965, there were still 3,000 to 4,000 speakers of Tacana reported. This implies a massive shift to Spanish, which is spoken by 100 per cent of the Tacana population.",bib1915,no +2724-speakers-2,2724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,820"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1965, there were still 3,000 to 4,000 speakers of Tacana reported. This implies a massive shift to Spanish, which is spoken by 100 per cent of the Tacana population.",bib1915,no +2724-speaker_number-3,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2724-speakers-3,2724,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,345"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,153"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2724-speaker_number-4,2724,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number and ethnic population data: (Adelaar 2000). 1,820 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 5,060 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no @@ -27354,111 +27540,111 @@ such in an informal plaza).",bib7848,yes 1,820 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 5,060 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 2724-LEI-1,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2724-vitality-1,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2724-LEI-2,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2724-vitality-2,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2724-LEI-3,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2724-vitality-3,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2724-LEI-2,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2724-vitality-2,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2724-LEI-3,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2724-vitality-3,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2724-LEI-4,2724,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2724-vitality-4,2724,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2725-location-1,2725,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Xing\u00fa Park, headwaters of Rio Culuene. Tapay\u00fanas in Par\u00e1, TI Capoto or Jarina reservation, Kayap\u00f3 villages (ISA 2002)""}",,,bib67,no -2725-location-2,2725,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5559, -53.0639]]}",,,bib5307,no -2725-location-3,2725,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""]}",,,bib1903,no -2725-location-4,2725,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2725-location-2,2725,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5559, -53.0639]]}",,,bib5330,no +2725-location-3,2725,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Xingu""]}",,,bib1915,no +2725-location-4,2725,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2725-speaker_number-1,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Total speaker number: (2002 ISA). 334 Suya (main dialect); 58 Tapayúna (ISA 1995) 350 (2006 FUNASA). 330 Suya (main dialect); 58 Tapayúna (1995 ISA). Ethnic population: 350 (2006 FUNASA). All Tapayuna speak their native language (Crevels 2007) (2013)",bib67,no 2725-speakers-1,2725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Total speaker number: (2002 ISA). 334 Suya (main dialect); 58 Tapayúna (ISA 1995) 350 (2006 FUNASA). 330 Suya (main dialect); 58 Tapayúna (1995 ISA). Ethnic population: 350 (2006 FUNASA). All Tapayuna speak their native language (Crevels 2007) (2013)",bib67,no -2725-speaker_number-2,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2725-speakers-2,2725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2725-speaker_number-3,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2725-speakers-3,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~334"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~334"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2725-speaker_number-2,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2725-speakers-2,2725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2725-speaker_number-3,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2725-speakers-3,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~334"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~334"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2725-speaker_number-4,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2725-speakers-4,2725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""196"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2725-speaker_number-5,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Kisêdjê: 300 speakers (404 total population), Tapayuna: 59 speakers (114 total population)",bib8132,no -2725-speakers-5,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""359"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Kisêdjê: 300 speakers (404 total population), Tapayuna: 59 speakers (114 total population)",bib8132,no -2725-speaker_number-6,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Suyá: 351 (speakers and population); Tapayuna: 58? speakers, 59 population (1995).",bib1902,yes -2725-speakers-6,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""410"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Suyá: 351 (speakers and population); Tapayuna: 58? speakers, 59 population (1995).",bib1902,yes +2725-speaker_number-5,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Kisêdjê: 300 speakers (404 total population), Tapayuna: 59 speakers (114 total population)",bib8157,no +2725-speakers-5,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""359"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Kisêdjê: 300 speakers (404 total population), Tapayuna: 59 speakers (114 total population)",bib8157,no +2725-speaker_number-6,2725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Suyá: 351 (speakers and population); Tapayuna: 58? speakers, 59 population (1995).",bib1914,yes +2725-speakers-6,2725,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""410"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""409"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Suyá: 351 (speakers and population); Tapayuna: 58? speakers, 59 population (1995).",bib1914,yes 2725-LEI-1,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2725-vitality-1,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2725-LEI-2,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2725-vitality-2,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2725-LEI-3,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2725-vitality-3,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2725-LEI-2,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2725-vitality-2,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2725-LEI-3,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2725-vitality-3,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2725-LEI-4,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2725-vitality-4,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2725-LEI-5,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -2725-vitality-5,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -2725-LEI-6,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2725-vitality-6,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2726-location-1,2726,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2173, 128.9849]]}",,,bib5307,no -2726-location-2,2726,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Now spoken in a transmigration area on south-central Seram Island. They came from Nila Island, north of Babar Island, in south Central Maluku, but have been moved to Seram Island, because of volcanic activity on their island""}",,,bib7938,no +2725-LEI-5,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +2725-vitality-5,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +2725-LEI-6,2725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2725-vitality-6,2725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2726-location-1,2726,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2173, 128.9849]]}",,,bib5330,no +2726-location-2,2726,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku Province""], ""Description"": ""Now spoken in a transmigration area on south-central Seram Island. They came from Nila Island, north of Babar Island, in south Central Maluku, but have been moved to Seram Island, because of volcanic activity on their island""}",,,bib7963,no 2726-location-3,2726,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2726-speaker_number-1,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2726-speakers-1,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2726-speaker_number-2,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are likely to be fewer now as a result of their transmigration.,bib7938,no -2726-speakers-2,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are likely to be fewer now as a result of their transmigration.,bib7938,no +2726-speaker_number-1,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2726-speakers-1,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2726-speaker_number-2,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are likely to be fewer now as a result of their transmigration.,bib7963,no +2726-speakers-2,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are likely to be fewer now as a result of their transmigration.,bib7963,no 2726-speaker_number-3,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2726-speakers-3,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2726-speaker_number-4,2726,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes 2726-speakers-4,2726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes -2726-LEI-1,2726,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2726-vitality-1,2726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2726-LEI-2,2726,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2726-speaker_number_trends-2,2726,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2726-vitality-2,2726,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2726-LEI-1,2726,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2726-vitality-1,2726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2726-LEI-2,2726,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2726-speaker_number_trends-2,2726,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2726-vitality-2,2726,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2726-LEI-3,2726,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2726-vitality-3,2726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2726-LEI-4,2726,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 2726-vitality-4,2726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes -2727-context-1,2727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Most of the ethnic group still speak their native language (Crevels 2007). Also use Portuguese.,bib1903,no +2727-context-1,2727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Most of the ethnic group still speak their native language (Crevels 2007). Also use Portuguese.,bib1915,no 2727-location-1,2727,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Pará State, Araguaia, São João municipality, 110 km from Marabá.",bib68,no -2727-location-2,2727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2441, -52.7014]]}",,,bib5307,no -2727-location-3,2727,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2727-location-4,2727,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Araguaia""]}",,,bib1903,no +2727-location-2,2727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2441, -52.7014]]}",,,bib5330,no +2727-location-3,2727,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2727-location-4,2727,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Par\u00e1 state, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Araguaia""]}",,,bib1915,no 2727-speaker_number-1,2727,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,260 (2006 FUNASA).,bib68,no 2727-speakers-1,2727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,260 (2006 FUNASA).,bib68,no -2727-speaker_number-2,2727,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2727-speakers-2,2727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""264"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""264"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -2727-speaker_number-3,2727,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2727-speakers-3,2727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""185"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~185"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2727-speaker_number-2,2727,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2727-speakers-2,2727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""264"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""264"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +2727-speaker_number-3,2727,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2727-speakers-3,2727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""185"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~185"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2727-LEI-1,2727,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most of the ethnic group still speak their native language (Crevels 2007). Also use Portuguese,bib68,no 2727-transmission-1,2727,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most of the ethnic group still speak their native language (Crevels 2007). Also use Portuguese,bib68,no 2727-vitality-1,2727,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Most of the ethnic group still speak their native language (Crevels 2007). Also use Portuguese,bib68,no -2727-LEI-2,2727,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2727-vitality-2,2727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2727-LEI-3,2727,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2727-vitality-3,2727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2728-context-1,2728,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language is holding its own well, but the children are coming under Indonesian influence and pressure.",bib7938,no -2728-location-1,2728,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9046, 138.0816]]}",,,bib5307,no +2727-LEI-2,2727,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2727-vitality-2,2727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2727-LEI-3,2727,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2727-vitality-3,2727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2728-context-1,2728,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language is holding its own well, but the children are coming under Indonesian influence and pressure.",bib7963,no +2728-location-1,2728,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9046, 138.0816]]}",,,bib5330,no 2728-location-2,2728,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 138.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2728-location-3,2728,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken just north of the middle Rouffaer River, in one village in central eastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2728-location-3,2728,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken just north of the middle Rouffaer River, in one village in central eastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2728-location-4,2728,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2728-speaker_number-1,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2728-speakers-1,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2728-speaker_number-2,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2728-speakers-2,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2728-speaker_number-1,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2728-speakers-1,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2728-speaker_number-2,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2728-speakers-2,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2728-speaker_number-3,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2728-speakers-3,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2728-speaker_number-4,2728,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,120 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2728-speakers-4,2728,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,120 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2728-LEI-1,2728,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2728-vitality-1,2728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2728-LEI-2,2728,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2728-speaker_number_trends-2,2728,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2728-vitality-2,2728,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2728-LEI-1,2728,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2728-vitality-1,2728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2728-LEI-2,2728,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2728-speaker_number_trends-2,2728,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2728-vitality-2,2728,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2728-LEI-3,2728,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2728-vitality-3,2728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2728-LEI-4,2728,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2728-vitality-4,2728,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2729-location-1,2729,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1245, -61.3476]]}",,,bib5307,no -2729-location-2,2729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rond\u00f4nia state and western Mato Grosso state""]}",,,bib1903,no +2729-location-1,2729,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1245, -61.3476]]}",,,bib5330,no +2729-location-2,2729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Rond\u00f4nia state and western Mato Grosso state""]}",,,bib1915,no 2729-location-4,2729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -2729-speaker_number-1,2729,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2729-speakers-1,2729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2729-speaker_number-2,2729,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In spite ofbein g surrounded by Western settlers, due to the proximity of the highway BR 364, the Surui have maintained their original lifestyle to a great extent.",bib1903,no -2729-speakers-2,2729,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~920"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In spite ofbein g surrounded by Western settlers, due to the proximity of the highway BR 364, the Surui have maintained their original lifestyle to a great extent.",bib1903,no +2729-speaker_number-1,2729,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2729-speakers-1,2729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2729-speaker_number-2,2729,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In spite ofbein g surrounded by Western settlers, due to the proximity of the highway BR 364, the Surui have maintained their original lifestyle to a great extent.",bib1915,no +2729-speakers-2,2729,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~920"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In spite ofbein g surrounded by Western settlers, due to the proximity of the highway BR 364, the Surui have maintained their original lifestyle to a great extent.",bib1915,no 2729-speaker_number-3,2729,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A Terra Indígena Sete de Setembro possuia (em 2002) uma população de 920 pessoas, divididas em 11 aldeias ... A população em cada aldeia é variável, encontrando-se algumas com 45 pessoas e outras com centenas. [The Indigenous Territory Sete de Setembro had (in 2002) a population of 920 people, divided into 11 villages ... The population in each village is variable, some with 45 and others with hundreds.]",bib169,yes @@ -27471,24 +27657,24 @@ such in an informal plaza).",bib7848,yes 1010 (2016) [from 20006].",bib67,no 2729-speakers-5,2729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"920 (2003 ISA) 1010 (2016) [from 20006].",bib67,no -2729-LEI-1,2729,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2729-vitality-1,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2729-LEI-2,2729,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2729-vitality-2,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2729-LEI-1,2729,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2729-vitality-1,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2729-LEI-2,2729,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2729-vitality-2,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2729-LEI-3,2729,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib169,yes 2729-vitality-3,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib169,yes 2729-LEI-4,2729,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2729-vitality-4,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2729-LEI-5,2729,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2729-vitality-5,2729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2730-context-1,2730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""92.2 per cent in 1994""}",,,bib1903,no +2730-context-1,2730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""92.2 per cent in 1994""}",,,bib1915,no 2730-location-1,2730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5833333333, -64.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2730-location-2,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Beni and northwestern Santa Cruz Departments, Ibiato (Eviato) village; along the R\u00edo Blanco in farms and ranches.""}",,"Eastern Beni and northwestern Santa Cruz Departments, Ibiato (Eviato) village; along the Río Blanco in farms and ranches, Salvatierra village.",bib67,no -2730-location-3,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Primarily in an indigenous territory in the Beni Department.""}",,,bib2855,yes -2730-location-4,2730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.510264, -63.997361]]}",,,bib7945,no -2730-location-5,2730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.557, -63.7316]]}",,,bib5307,no -2730-location-6,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""departments of Beni and Santa Cruz, provinces of Cercado (El Iviato) and Guarayos (along the Rio Negro).""}",,,bib1903,no -2730-location-7,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia/ Oriente)""]}",,,bib1902,no +2730-location-3,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Primarily in an indigenous territory in the Beni Department.""}",,,bib2869,yes +2730-location-4,2730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.510264, -63.997361]]}",,,bib7970,no +2730-location-5,2730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.557, -63.7316]]}",,,bib5330,no +2730-location-6,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""departments of Beni and Santa Cruz, provinces of Cercado (El Iviato) and Guarayos (along the Rio Negro).""}",,,bib1915,no +2730-location-7,2730,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia/ Oriente)""]}",,,bib1914,no 2730-speaker_number-1,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: (Adelaar 2000), increasing. 50 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 419 (Adelaar 2000) to over 600 (P. Priest 2000). 400 (Adelaar 2004), increasing. 30 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 420 (Adelaar 2004). More than half the ethnic group is under 15 years old (Crevels 2007) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no @@ -27496,96 +27682,96 @@ such in an informal plaza).",bib7848,yes 400 (Adelaar 2004), increasing. 30 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 420 (Adelaar 2004). More than half the ethnic group is under 15 years old (Crevels 2007) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 2730-speaker_number-2,2730,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Ahora son menos de cientos hablantes que se reparten en todo Bolivia, con quizá cuarentas personas mayor capaz de hablar de manera creativa la lengua en el territorio Siriono (p7). -[Now there are less than a hundred speakers spread throughout Bolivia, with perhaps 40 oldere persons able to speak the language creatively in the Siriono territory (p7).]",bib2855,yes +[Now there are less than a hundred speakers spread throughout Bolivia, with perhaps 40 oldere persons able to speak the language creatively in the Siriono territory (p7).]",bib2869,yes 2730-speakers-2,2730,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""all"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Ahora son menos de cientos hablantes que se reparten en todo Bolivia, con quizá cuarentas personas mayor capaz de hablar de manera creativa la lengua en el territorio Siriono (p7). -[Now there are less than a hundred speakers spread throughout Bolivia, with perhaps 40 oldere persons able to speak the language creatively in the Siriono territory (p7).]",bib2855,yes -2730-speaker_number-3,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2730-speakers-3,2730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2730-speaker_number-4,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"More than half of the Siriono ethnic group is under fifteen years of age, which implies that in a few years' time the group may become twice its current size.",bib1903,no -2730-speakers-4,2730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~420"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"More than half of the Siriono ethnic group is under fifteen years of age, which implies that in a few years' time the group may become twice its current size.",bib1903,no +[Now there are less than a hundred speakers spread throughout Bolivia, with perhaps 40 oldere persons able to speak the language creatively in the Siriono territory (p7).]",bib2869,yes +2730-speaker_number-3,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2730-speakers-3,2730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2730-speaker_number-4,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"More than half of the Siriono ethnic group is under fifteen years of age, which implies that in a few years' time the group may become twice its current size.",bib1915,no +2730-speakers-4,2730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~420"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"More than half of the Siriono ethnic group is under fifteen years of age, which implies that in a few years' time the group may become twice its current size.",bib1915,no 2730-speaker_number-5,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2730-speakers-5,2730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""399"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2730-speaker_number-6,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2730-speakers-6,2730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""268"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2730-speaker_number-6,2730,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2730-speakers-6,2730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""268"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2730-LEI-1,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2730-vitality-1,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2730-LEI-2,2730,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No intergenerational transmission la lengua siriono es en peligro de extinción y la población que conoce esa lengua se reduce poco a poco, sin transmisión intergeneracional (p7). -[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2855,yes +[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2869,yes 2730-transmission-2,2730,transmission,5,transmission-5,"No intergenerational transmission la lengua siriono es en peligro de extinción y la población que conoce esa lengua se reduce poco a poco, sin transmisión intergeneracional (p7). -[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2855,yes +[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2869,yes 2730-vitality-2,2730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"No intergenerational transmission la lengua siriono es en peligro de extinción y la población que conoce esa lengua se reduce poco a poco, sin transmisión intergeneracional (p7). -[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2855,yes -2730-LEI-3,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2730-vitality-3,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2730-LEI-4,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2730-vitality-4,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +[The Siriono language is in danger of extinction and the population that knows this language is being reduced little by little, without intergenerational transmission.]",bib2869,yes +2730-LEI-3,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2730-vitality-3,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2730-LEI-4,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2730-vitality-4,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2730-LEI-5,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2730-vitality-5,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2730-LEI-6,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2730-vitality-6,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2732-location-1,2732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0755, 127.1777]]}",,,bib5307,no -2732-location-2,2732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on southeast Kisar Island, north of the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2730-LEI-6,2730,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2730-vitality-6,2730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2732-location-1,2732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0755, 127.1777]]}",,,bib5330,no +2732-location-2,2732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on southeast Kisar Island, north of the northeastern tip of Timor Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2732-location-3,2732,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2732-speaker_number-1,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2732-speakers-1,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2732-speaker_number-2,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2732-speakers-2,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2732-speaker_number-1,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2732-speakers-1,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2732-speaker_number-2,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2732-speakers-2,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2732-speaker_number-3,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2732-speakers-3,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2732-speaker_number-4,2732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,220 (1987 SIL)",bib67,yes 2732-speakers-4,2732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,220 (1987 SIL)",bib67,yes -2732-LEI-1,2732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2732-vitality-1,2732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2732-LEI-2,2732,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2732-speaker_number_trends-2,2732,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2732-vitality-2,2732,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2732-LEI-1,2732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2732-vitality-1,2732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2732-LEI-2,2732,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2732-speaker_number_trends-2,2732,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2732-vitality-2,2732,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2732-LEI-3,2732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2732-vitality-3,2732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2732-LEI-4,2732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2732-vitality-4,2732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2734-context-1,2734,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa], Nhengatu [yrl], Tucano [tuo]""}",,,bib68,yes 2734-location-1,2734,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Colombia: \""Vaupes Department, 3 separate areas near the Vaupes River, south and west of Mitu town.\"" Brazil: \""Amazonas, S\u00e3o Gabriel.\""""}",,,bib68,yes -2734-location-2,2734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8788, -70.2685]]}",,,bib5307,no -2734-location-3,2734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.318919, -69.247622]]}",,,bib7945,no +2734-location-2,2734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8788, -70.2685]]}",,,bib5330,no +2734-location-3,2734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.318919, -69.247622]]}",,,bib7970,no 2734-location-4,2734,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.75, -70.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2734-speaker_number-1,2734,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 17 in Brazil (Moore 2006).,bib68,yes 2734-speakers-1,2734,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""750 in Colombia (2001 Gu\u00eda Etnogr\u00e1fica de Colombia); 52 in Brazil (FUNASA)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""217"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 17 in Brazil (Moore 2006).,bib68,yes -2734-speaker_number-2,2734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2734-speakers-2,2734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""71"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2734-speaker_number-2,2734,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2734-speakers-2,2734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""71"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2734-speaker_number-3,2734,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2734-speakers-3,2734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""347"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2734-LEI-1,2734,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 2734-vitality-1,2734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -2734-LEI-2,2734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2734-vitality-2,2734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2734-LEI-2,2734,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2734-vitality-2,2734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2734-LEI-3,2734,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2734-vitality-3,2734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2737-location-1,2737,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.9991, -56.2719]]}",,,bib5307,no -2737-location-2,2737,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2737-location-1,2737,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.9991, -56.2719]]}",,,bib5330,no +2737-location-2,2737,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2737-location-3,2737,location,"{""Places"": [""Suriname"", ""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Para State, between Rio Cafuini and headwaters of the Turuna and Itapi, near the Suriname border.""}",,"Northwest Para State, between Rio Cafuini and headwaters of the Turuna and Itapi, near the Suriname border.",bib67,no 2737-speaker_number-1,2737,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2737-speakers-1,2737,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2737-speaker_number-2,2737,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Brazil: Katxuyana-Xikuyana (Kaxuyana-Xikuyana, Kaxuyana, Caxuiana) 150 speakers, 230 population (2006). Suriname: Sikïiyana <12 speakers, 60–70 population.",bib1902,yes -2737-speakers-2,2737,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290-300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<162"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Brazil: Katxuyana-Xikuyana (Kaxuyana-Xikuyana, Kaxuyana, Caxuiana) 150 speakers, 230 population (2006). Suriname: Sikïiyana <12 speakers, 60–70 population.",bib1902,yes +2737-speaker_number-2,2737,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Brazil: Katxuyana-Xikuyana (Kaxuyana-Xikuyana, Kaxuyana, Caxuiana) 150 speakers, 230 population (2006). Suriname: Sikïiyana <12 speakers, 60–70 population.",bib1914,yes +2737-speakers-2,2737,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""290-300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<162"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Brazil: Katxuyana-Xikuyana (Kaxuyana-Xikuyana, Kaxuyana, Caxuiana) 150 speakers, 230 population (2006). Suriname: Sikïiyana <12 speakers, 60–70 population.",bib1914,yes 2737-speaker_number-3,2737,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"33 in Brazil (1986 SIL). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2737-speakers-3,2737,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"33 in Brazil (1986 SIL). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2737-LEI-1,2737,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2737-vitality-1,2737,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2737-LEI-2,2737,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2737-vitality-2,2737,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2737-LEI-2,2737,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2737-vitality-2,2737,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2737-LEI-3,2737,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2737-vitality-3,2737,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2738-location-1,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ucayali, Pisqui, Madre de Dios, and R\u00edmac rivers and the Genepanshea ravine, in the departments of Hu\u00e1nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Lima, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2738-location-1,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Ucayali, Pisqui, Madre de Dios, and R\u00edmac rivers and the Genepanshea ravine, in the departments of Hu\u00e1nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Lima, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2738-location-2,2738,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.5, -75.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2738-location-3,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Northeast middle Ucayali River area, Painaco, Requena, Sur Bolognesi, Pisqui (on the other side of Contamana).""}",,,bib67,no -2738-location-4,2738,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4289, -74.6411]]}",,,bib5307,no -2738-location-5,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""on the banks of the Ucayali River""}",,,bib1903,no -2738-location-6,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Shipibo-Konibo,bib1902,yes +2738-location-4,2738,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4289, -74.6411]]}",,,bib5330,no +2738-location-5,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""on the banks of the Ucayali River""}",,,bib1915,no +2738-location-6,2738,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Shipibo-Konibo,bib1914,yes 2738-speaker_number-1,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"(Unchanged 2016.) (2013 unchanged). @@ -27594,70 +27780,70 @@ Ethnologue (2016) lists Capanahua [kaq] as a distinct language: 50 (Crevels 2007 (2013 unchanged). Ethnologue (2016) lists Capanahua [kaq] as a distinct language: 50 (Crevels 2007), ethnic population: 350 (Crevels 2007). It is a dialect of Shipibo-Konibo (Fleck 2013).",bib67,no -2738-speaker_number-2,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2738-speakers-2,2738,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2738-speaker_number-2,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2738-speakers-2,2738,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2738-speaker_number-3,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Despite many years of contact and their proximity to the city of Pucallpa, the Shipibo-Conibo have preserved their -language and culture.",bib1903,no +language and culture.",bib1915,no 2738-speakers-3,2738,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~16,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~16,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Despite many years of contact and their proximity to the city of Pucallpa, the Shipibo-Conibo have preserved their -language and culture.",bib1903,no +language and culture.",bib1915,no 2738-speaker_number-4,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2738-speakers-4,2738,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2738-speaker_number-5,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -2738-speakers-5,2738,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,517"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,517"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2738-speaker_number-5,2738,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +2738-speakers-5,2738,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,517"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,517"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2738-LEI-1,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2738-vitality-1,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2738-LEI-2,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2738-vitality-2,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2738-LEI-3,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2738-vitality-3,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2738-LEI-2,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2738-vitality-2,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2738-LEI-3,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2738-vitality-3,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2738-LEI-4,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2738-vitality-4,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2738-LEI-5,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2738-vitality-5,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2739-context-1,2739,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -2739-location-1,2739,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9745, 132.2383]]}",,,bib5307,no -2739-location-2,2739,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwestern coast of northwestern Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2738-LEI-5,2738,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2738-vitality-5,2738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2739-context-1,2739,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iha, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +2739-location-1,2739,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.9745, 132.2383]]}",,,bib5330,no +2739-location-2,2739,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwestern coast of northwestern Bomberai Peninsula, which is south of the Bird\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2739-location-3,2739,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2739-speaker_number-1,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2739-speakers-1,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2739-speaker_number-2,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2739-speakers-2,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2739-speaker_number-1,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2739-speakers-1,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2739-speaker_number-2,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2739-speakers-2,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2739-speaker_number-3,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2739-speakers-3,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2739-speaker_number-4,2739,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2739-speakers-4,2739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2739-LEI-1,2739,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2739-vitality-1,2739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2739-LEI-2,2739,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2739-speaker_number_trends-2,2739,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2739-vitality-2,2739,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2739-LEI-1,2739,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2739-vitality-1,2739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2739-LEI-2,2739,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2739-speaker_number_trends-2,2739,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2739-vitality-2,2739,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2739-LEI-3,2739,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2739-vitality-3,2739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2739-LEI-4,2739,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2739-vitality-4,2739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2741-context-1,2741,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -2741-location-1,2741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5136, 140.6675]]}",,,bib5307,no -2741-location-2,2741,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern north coast area, just west of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2741-context-1,2741,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +2741-location-1,2741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5136, 140.6675]]}",,,bib5330,no +2741-location-2,2741,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern north coast area, just west of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2741-location-3,2741,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2741-speaker_number-1,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2741-speakers-1,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2741-speaker_number-2,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2741-speakers-2,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2741-speaker_number-1,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2741-speakers-1,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2741-speaker_number-2,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2741-speakers-2,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2741-speaker_number-3,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2741-speakers-3,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2741-speaker_number-4,2741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2741-speakers-4,2741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 (2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2741-LEI-1,2741,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2741-vitality-1,2741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2741-LEI-2,2741,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2741-speaker_number_trends-2,2741,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2741-vitality-2,2741,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2741-LEI-1,2741,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2741-vitality-1,2741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2741-LEI-2,2741,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2741-speaker_number_trends-2,2741,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2741-vitality-2,2741,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2741-LEI-3,2741,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2741-vitality-3,2741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2741-LEI-4,2741,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2741-vitality-4,2741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2742-location-1,2742,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-53.0, -70.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2742-location-2,2742,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Chile""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2742-location-2,2742,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Chile""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2742-location-3,2742,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego.""}",,"Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego.",bib67,no 2742-speaker_number-1,2742,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2742-speakers-1,2742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -27665,184 +27851,184 @@ language and culture.",bib1903,no 2742-speakers-4,2742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,No known L1 speakers (Crevels 2007). The ethnic group disintegrated by early 20th century; last speakers died in the 1970s (Crevels 2007) (2013).,bib67,no 2742-LEI-1,2742,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2742-vitality-1,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2742-LEI-2,2742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2610,no -2742-vitality-2,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2610,no -2742-LEI-3,2742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -2742-vitality-3,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +2742-LEI-2,2742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2623,no +2742-vitality-2,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2623,no +2742-LEI-3,2742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +2742-vitality-3,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 2742-LEI-4,2742,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2742-vitality-4,2742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2744-location-1,2744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6467, 121.2615]]}",,,bib5307,no +2744-location-1,2744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6467, 121.2615]]}",,,bib5330,no 2744-location-2,2744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.33333333333, 121.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2744-location-3,2744,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern part of the bulk of Sulawesi, and the extreme northern part of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, west of Lake Towuti.""}",,,bib7938,no +2744-location-3,2744,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern part of the bulk of Sulawesi, and the extreme northern part of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, west of Lake Towuti.""}",,,bib7963,no 2744-location-4,2744,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2744-speaker_number-1,2744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2744-speakers-1,2744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2744-speaker_number-1,2744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2744-speakers-1,2744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2744-speaker_number-2,2744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2744-speakers-2,2744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2744-speaker_number-3,2744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 (1991 D. Andersen)",bib67,yes 2744-speakers-3,2744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 (1991 D. Andersen)",bib67,yes -2744-LEI-1,2744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2744-vitality-1,2744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2744-LEI-1,2744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2744-vitality-1,2744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2744-LEI-2,2744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2744-vitality-2,2744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2744-LEI-3,2744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2744-vitality-3,2744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2746-location-1,2746,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.326781, 121.718478]]}",,,bib7945,no -2746-location-2,2746,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Nusa Tenggara, Flores Island""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Palu Island, north of central Flores Island. It is on the borderline of being a separate language or an aberrant dialect of the large Li\u2019o language spoken on the coast opposite it.""}",,,bib7938,no +2746-location-1,2746,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.326781, 121.718478]]}",,,bib7970,no +2746-location-2,2746,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Nusa Tenggara, Flores Island""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Palu Island, north of central Flores Island. It is on the borderline of being a separate language or an aberrant dialect of the large Li\u2019o language spoken on the coast opposite it.""}",,,bib7963,no 2746-location-3,2746,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2746-speaker_number-1,2746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2746-speakers-1,2746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2746-speaker_number-2,2746,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2746-speakers-2,2746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2746-speaker_number-2,2746,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2746-speakers-2,2746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2746-speaker_number-3,2746,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 ( Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob 1997).",bib67,yes 2746-speakers-3,2746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 ( Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob 1997).",bib67,yes 2746-LEI-1,2746,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2746-vitality-1,2746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2746-LEI-3,2746,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7938,no -2746-speaker_number_trends-3,2746,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7938,no -2746-vitality-3,2746,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7938,no +2746-LEI-3,2746,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7963,no +2746-speaker_number_trends-3,2746,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7963,no +2746-vitality-3,2746,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In 1981, 3,000 speakers of Palu’e were reported, but there has been a strong earthquake on the island which caused the population to scatter on parts of Flores Island, which affected the language badly. It is now endangered.",bib7963,no 2746-LEI-4,2746,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2746-vitality-4,2746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2748-context-1,2748,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chiquitano, Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""By 1962, most had shifted to Chiquitano [cax].""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,no 2748-location-1,2748,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz Department, northeastern part of Velasco province.""}",,,bib68,no -2748-location-2,2748,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,,bib1454,yes +2748-location-2,2748,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,,bib1466,yes 2748-speakers-1,2748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known L1 speakers. By 1962, most had shifted to Chiquitano [cax].",bib68,no -2748-speakers-2,2748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers; possibly some rememberers.,bib1454,yes +2748-speakers-2,2748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers; possibly some rememberers.,bib1466,yes 2748-LEI-1,2748,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 2748-vitality-1,2748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -2748-LEI-2,2748,LEI,Dormant (),,No known speakers; Possibly some rememberers?,bib1454,yes -2748-vitality-2,2748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No known speakers; Possibly some rememberers?,bib1454,yes -2749-context-1,2749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Pemon,"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib1457,no -2749-context-2,2749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pem\u00f3n, Spanish""}",,,bib3966,yes -2749-location-1,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Sap\u00e9 (a.k.a. Kaliana, Kariana, Sape) was spoken on the Paragua River and its Karun tributary in southern Venezuela near Brazil. Its status is unclear.""}",,,bib1457,no +2748-LEI-2,2748,LEI,Dormant (),,No known speakers; Possibly some rememberers?,bib1466,yes +2748-vitality-2,2748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No known speakers; Possibly some rememberers?,bib1466,yes +2749-context-1,2749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Pemon,"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib1469,no +2749-context-2,2749,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pem\u00f3n, Spanish""}",,,bib3986,yes +2749-location-1,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Sap\u00e9 (a.k.a. Kaliana, Kariana, Sape) was spoken on the Paragua River and its Karun tributary in southern Venezuela near Brazil. Its status is unclear.""}",,,bib1469,no 2749-location-2,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Bolivar State, 3 small settlements on the Paragua and Karuna rivers.""}",,"Bolivar State, 3 small settlements on the Paragua and Karuna rivers.",bib67,no -2749-location-3,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Kar\u00fan and Upper Paragua rivers & tributaries in the Bolivar State of Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.0033, -63.5449]]}",,,bib3966,yes -2749-location-4,2749,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.0033, -63.5449]]}",,,bib5307,no -2749-location-5,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Bolivar State, three settlements on the Paragua and Karun rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2749-location-6,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no -2749-speakers-1,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4?""}",,"In 1964 only 10 adults could speak some Sapé; Migliazza recorded Sapé materials from one of the last speakers in that year. Walter Coppens (1970a) found a speaker who was married to two women of Uruák origin, though everyone in the family spoke only Pemón. From Coppens’’ description, this consultant seems to have been a semi-speaker. Coppens (1970a) collected a small unpublished vocabulary list from him. By 1977 there were reported to be only 5 speakers (Migliazza 1978). Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004; she had lived in the community of Boca de Karún. Nevertheless, Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found, two in the community of Karunken (río Karún), one in Boca de Ichún, and one in the community of Kawaimaken. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were able to obtain a short wordlist.",bib1457,no +2749-location-3,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Kar\u00fan and Upper Paragua rivers & tributaries in the Bolivar State of Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.0033, -63.5449]]}",,,bib3986,yes +2749-location-4,2749,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.0033, -63.5449]]}",,,bib5330,no +2749-location-5,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Bolivar State, three settlements on the Paragua and Karun rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2749-location-6,2749,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no +2749-speakers-1,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4?""}",,"In 1964 only 10 adults could speak some Sapé; Migliazza recorded Sapé materials from one of the last speakers in that year. Walter Coppens (1970a) found a speaker who was married to two women of Uruák origin, though everyone in the family spoke only Pemón. From Coppens’’ description, this consultant seems to have been a semi-speaker. Coppens (1970a) collected a small unpublished vocabulary list from him. By 1977 there were reported to be only 5 speakers (Migliazza 1978). Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004; she had lived in the community of Boca de Karún. Nevertheless, Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found, two in the community of Karunken (río Karún), one in Boca de Ichún, and one in the community of Kawaimaken. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were able to obtain a short wordlist.",bib1469,no 2749-speaker_number-2,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"5 (1977 E. Migliazza). Ethnic population: 25 or fewer (1977 E. Migliazza). (Speaker number unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2749-speakers-2,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<25"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"5 (1977 E. Migliazza). Ethnic population: 25 or fewer (1977 E. Migliazza). (Speaker number unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2749-speaker_number-3,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3266,no -2749-speakers-3,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3266,no -2749-speaker_number-4,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2017, researchers found one (semi-)speaker in Boca de Ichún, one in Venevené, and two from Karunkén who moved to Yuwapí Merú,",bib3966,yes -2749-speakers-4,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2017, researchers found one (semi-)speaker in Boca de Ichún, one in Venevené, and two from Karunkén who moved to Yuwapí Merú,",bib3966,yes -2749-speaker_number-5,2749,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2749-speakers-5,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2749-speaker_number-6,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Most Sapé have intermarried with Pemon (Cariban), and a few with Uruak and Yanam (Yanomaman). These linguistically mixed marriages, especially with the economically more powerful Pemon, have led to a language shift from Sapé to Pemon.",bib1903,no -2749-speakers-6,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28 (in 1992)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Most Sapé have intermarried with Pemon (Cariban), and a few with Uruak and Yanam (Yanomaman). These linguistically mixed marriages, especially with the economically more powerful Pemon, have led to a language shift from Sapé to Pemon.",bib1903,no +2749-speaker_number-3,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3282,no +2749-speakers-3,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3282,no +2749-speaker_number-4,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2017, researchers found one (semi-)speaker in Boca de Ichún, one in Venevené, and two from Karunkén who moved to Yuwapí Merú,",bib3986,yes +2749-speakers-4,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2017, researchers found one (semi-)speaker in Boca de Ichún, one in Venevené, and two from Karunkén who moved to Yuwapí Merú,",bib3986,yes +2749-speaker_number-5,2749,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2749-speakers-5,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2749-speaker_number-6,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Most Sapé have intermarried with Pemon (Cariban), and a few with Uruak and Yanam (Yanomaman). These linguistically mixed marriages, especially with the economically more powerful Pemon, have led to a language shift from Sapé to Pemon.",bib1915,no +2749-speakers-6,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28 (in 1992)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Most Sapé have intermarried with Pemon (Cariban), and a few with Uruak and Yanam (Yanomaman). These linguistically mixed marriages, especially with the economically more powerful Pemon, have led to a language shift from Sapé to Pemon.",bib1915,no 2749-speaker_number-7,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2749-speakers-7,2749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2749-speaker_number-8,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2749-speakers-8,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few elders"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -2749-LEI-1,2749,LEI,Dormant (),,"Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004. Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken, was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were obtained a short wordlist (40 words).",bib1457,no -2749-vitality-1,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004. Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken, was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were obtained a short wordlist (40 words).",bib1457,no +2749-speaker_number-8,2749,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2749-speakers-8,2749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few elders"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +2749-LEI-1,2749,LEI,Dormant (),,"Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004. Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken, was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were obtained a short wordlist (40 words).",bib1469,no +2749-vitality-1,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Francia Medina (2008) reported that the last speaker of Sapé passed away in 2004. Laura Perozo et al. (2008:175) report that in fieldwork in 2005 four speakers (apparently semi-speakers) of Sapé were found. One of these, Carolina Torres Capote of Karunken, was over 60 years old in 2005 (Medina 2008:740), from whom Perozo et al. were obtained a short wordlist (40 words).",bib1469,no 2749-LEI-2,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2749-vitality-2,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2749-LEI-3,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,no -2749-transmission-3,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3266,no -2749-speaker_number_trends-3,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3266,no -2749-vitality-3,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3266,no -2749-LEI-4,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3966,yes -2749-transmission-4,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3966,yes -2749-domains_of_use-4,2749,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3966,yes -2749-speaker_number_trends-4,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3966,yes -2749-vitality-4,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3966,yes -2749-LEI-5,2749,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2749-vitality-5,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2749-LEI-6,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2749-vitality-6,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2749-LEI-3,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,no +2749-transmission-3,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3282,no +2749-speaker_number_trends-3,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3282,no +2749-vitality-3,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3282,no +2749-LEI-4,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3986,yes +2749-transmission-4,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3986,yes +2749-domains_of_use-4,2749,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3986,yes +2749-speaker_number_trends-4,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3986,yes +2749-vitality-4,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3986,yes +2749-LEI-5,2749,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2749-vitality-5,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2749-LEI-6,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2749-vitality-6,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2749-LEI-7,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2749-vitality-7,2749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2749-LEI-8,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2749-transmission-8,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,no -2749-speaker_number_trends-8,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,no -2749-vitality-8,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,no -2750-location-1,2750,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.4669, -64.1931]]}",,,bib5307,no +2749-LEI-8,2749,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2749-transmission-8,2749,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,no +2749-speaker_number_trends-8,2749,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,no +2749-vitality-8,2749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,no +2750-location-1,2750,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.4669, -64.1931]]}",,,bib5330,no 2750-location-2,2750,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.5, -64.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2750-location-3,2750,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2750-location-3,2750,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2750-location-4,2750,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas and Bolivar states, along Caura, Erebato, and Ventuari rivers; along Upper Auaris west to upper Padamo river area.",bib67,no -2750-speaker_number-1,2750,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2750-speakers-1,2750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""855"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2750-speaker_number-2,2750,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 462 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 3,035 speakers (and ethnic population) in Venezuela (2001), where the language is known as Sanïma.",bib1902,yes -2750-speakers-2,2750,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,497"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,497"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 Brazil, 2001 Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 462 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 3,035 speakers (and ethnic population) in Venezuela (2001), where the language is known as Sanïma.",bib1902,yes +2750-speaker_number-1,2750,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2750-speakers-1,2750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""855"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2750-speaker_number-2,2750,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 462 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 3,035 speakers (and ethnic population) in Venezuela (2001), where the language is known as Sanïma.",bib1914,yes +2750-speakers-2,2750,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,497"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,497"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 Brazil, 2001 Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 462 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 3,035 speakers (and ethnic population) in Venezuela (2001), where the language is known as Sanïma.",bib1914,yes 2750-speaker_number-3,2750,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2750-speakers-3,2750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,074"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2750-speaker_number-4,2750,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""4,610 in Venezuela (2000). 500 Yanoma in Venezuela."" 5070 (2016).",bib67,no 2750-speakers-4,2750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,410"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""4,610 in Venezuela (2000). 500 Yanoma in Venezuela."" 5070 (2016).",bib67,no -2750-LEI-1,2750,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2750-vitality-1,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2750-LEI-2,2750,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2750-vitality-2,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2750-LEI-1,2750,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2750-vitality-1,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2750-LEI-2,2750,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2750-vitality-2,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2750-LEI-3,2750,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2750-vitality-3,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2750-LEI-4,2750,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2750-vitality-4,2750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2751-context-1,2751,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalumpung, Seko, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no +2751-context-1,2751,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kalumpung, Seko, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no 2751-location-1,2751,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.24, 119.65]]}",,,bib75,no -2751-location-2,2751,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern part of the bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2751-location-2,2751,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern part of the bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2751-location-3,2751,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2751-speaker_number-1,2751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2751-speakers-1,2751,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2751-speaker_number-2,2751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2751-speakers-2,2751,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2751-speaker_number-2,2751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2751-speakers-2,2751,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2751-speaker_number-3,2751,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,800 (2004 SIL). Ethnic population: 800 or more.,bib67,yes 2751-speakers-3,2751,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,800 (2004 SIL). Ethnic population: 800 or more.,bib67,yes 2751-LEI-1,2751,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2751-vitality-1,2751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2751-LEI-2,2751,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2751-speaker_number_trends-2,2751,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2751-vitality-2,2751,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2751-LEI-2,2751,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2751-speaker_number_trends-2,2751,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2751-vitality-2,2751,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2751-LEI-3,2751,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2751-vitality-3,2751,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2752-context-1,2752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Enlhet [enl], Enxet [enx], Paraguayan Guaran\u00ed [gug]""}",,Many youth speak only Guaraní.,bib70,no -2752-context-2,2752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,,bib7528,yes +2752-context-2,2752,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,,bib7553,yes 2752-location-1,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Presidente Hayes Department, between Anaconda to the north and La Palmera to the south.""}",,,bib67,no 2752-location-2,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,Alto Paraguay and Boquerón departments; Presidente Hayes department: Anaconda north to La Palmera south.,bib70,no -2752-location-3,2752,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.0, -59.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -2752-location-4,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7528,yes -2752-location-5,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Department of Presidente Hayes,\nPozo Colorado (La Esperanza and Nueva Promesa) and Menno districts, Department of Alto Paraguay, District of Fuerte Olimpo.""}",,,bib1903,no +2752-location-3,2752,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.0, -59.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +2752-location-4,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7553,yes +2752-location-5,2752,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Department of Presidente Hayes,\nPozo Colorado (La Esperanza and Nueva Promesa) and Menno districts, Department of Alto Paraguay, District of Fuerte Olimpo.""}",,,bib1915,no 2752-speaker_number-1,2752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 2752-speakers-1,2752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""785"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 2752-speaker_number-2,2752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2752-speakers-2,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2270"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no 2752-speaker_number-3,2752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""El censo de 2002 registra un total de 2.271 sanapaná, de los cuales 914 hablan el sanapaná en su hogar."" -(The 2002 census registers a total of 2,271 Sanapaná, of whom 914 speak Sanapaná at home.)",bib2545,no +(The 2002 census registers a total of 2,271 Sanapaná, of whom 914 speak Sanapaná at home.)",bib2558,no 2752-speakers-3,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,271"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""914"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""El censo de 2002 registra un total de 2.271 sanapaná, de los cuales 914 hablan el sanapaná en su hogar."" -(The 2002 census registers a total of 2,271 Sanapaná, of whom 914 speak Sanapaná at home.)",bib2545,no -2752-speaker_number-4,2752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,with around half of the almost 3000 ethnic Sana- paná still speaking the ancestral language.,bib7528,yes -2752-speakers-4,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,with around half of the almost 3000 ethnic Sana- paná still speaking the ancestral language.,bib7528,yes -2752-speaker_number-5,2752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2752-speakers-5,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~785"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +(The 2002 census registers a total of 2,271 Sanapaná, of whom 914 speak Sanapaná at home.)",bib2558,no +2752-speaker_number-4,2752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,with around half of the almost 3000 ethnic Sana- paná still speaking the ancestral language.,bib7553,yes +2752-speakers-4,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,with around half of the almost 3000 ethnic Sana- paná still speaking the ancestral language.,bib7553,yes +2752-speaker_number-5,2752,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2752-speakers-5,2752,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~785"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2752-speaker_number-6,2752,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2752-speakers-6,2752,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2752-LEI-1,2752,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous. Many youth speak only Guaraní. Also use Enlhet [enl], Enxet [enx], Paraguayan Guaraní [gug] (2013).",bib67,no 2752-vitality-1,2752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Vigorous. Many youth speak only Guaraní. Also use Enlhet [enl], Enxet [enx], Paraguayan Guaraní [gug] (2013).",bib67,no 2752-LEI-2,2752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2752-vitality-2,2752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2752-LEI-3,2752,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2545,no -2752-domains_of_use-3,2752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2545,no -2752-speaker_number_trends-3,2752,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2545,no -2752-vitality-3,2752,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2545,no -2752-LEI-4,2752,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7528,yes -2752-transmission-4,2752,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7528,yes -2752-speaker_number_trends-4,2752,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7528,yes -2752-vitality-4,2752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7528,yes -2752-LEI-5,2752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2752-vitality-5,2752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2752-LEI-3,2752,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2558,no +2752-domains_of_use-3,2752,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2558,no +2752-speaker_number_trends-3,2752,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2558,no +2752-vitality-3,2752,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Dada la discrepancia entre el número de personas adscritas al grupo étnico sanapaná y el de los individuos que hablan esta lengua, resulta obvio que el uso de la lengua original va mermando.",bib2558,no +2752-LEI-4,2752,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7553,yes +2752-transmission-4,2752,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7553,yes +2752-speaker_number_trends-4,2752,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7553,yes +2752-vitality-4,2752,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Despite its comparatively low number of native speakers, however, Sanapaná is not a critically en- dangered language. There are two communities, La Esperanza and Anaconda, where virtually the whole population still speaks Sanapaná (88% and 93%, respectively, see DGEEC 2012). Additionally, it is in these two communities still transmitted to the youngest generations of children, who are often monolingual in Sanapaná until they enter school (personal observation), and it is used in almost all domains of daily life, including religious life (personal observation, Gomes 2013: 72)."" [p.5]",bib7553,yes +2752-LEI-5,2752,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2752-vitality-5,2752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2752-LEI-6,2752,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2752-vitality-6,2752,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2753-location-1,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia State, Apidia River, tributary of Igarape Tanaru, near Pimenta Bueno.",bib67,no 2753-location-2,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia state: Apidia River, tributary of Igarape Tanaru, near Pimenta Bueno.",bib70,no -2753-location-3,2753,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7602, -63.9074]]}",,,bib5307,no -2753-location-4,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia State, Terra Indigena Tubar\u00e3o-Latund\u00ea.""}",,,bib1903,no -2753-location-5,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5252,yes -2753-location-6,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2753-location-3,2753,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.7602, -63.9074]]}",,,bib5330,no +2753-location-4,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia State, Terra Indigena Tubar\u00e3o-Latund\u00ea.""}",,,bib1915,no +2753-location-5,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5275,yes +2753-location-6,2753,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2753-speaker_number-1,2753,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from AMTB (1995). 2 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 10. 2 semi-speakers left (2014)",bib67,no @@ -27851,49 +28037,49 @@ By 1962, most had shifted to Chiquitano [cax].",bib68,no 2 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 10. 2 semi-speakers left (2014)",bib67,no 2753-speaker_number-2,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 2753-speakers-2,2753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib70,no -2753-speaker_number-3,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2753-speakers-3,2753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2753-speaker_number-4,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language was recorded in various word lists throughout the twentieth century, but apart from lexical and phonological documentation, the language must be considered as lost.",bib1903,no -2753-speakers-4,2753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,"The language was recorded in various word lists throughout the twentieth century, but apart from lexical and phonological documentation, the language must be considered as lost.",bib1903,no +2753-speaker_number-3,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2753-speakers-3,2753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2753-speaker_number-4,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language was recorded in various word lists throughout the twentieth century, but apart from lexical and phonological documentation, the language must be considered as lost.",bib1915,no +2753-speakers-4,2753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,"The language was recorded in various word lists throughout the twentieth century, but apart from lexical and phonological documentation, the language must be considered as lost.",bib1915,no 2753-speaker_number-5,2753,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2753-speakers-5,2753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2753-speakers-6,2753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib5252,yes -2753-speaker_number-7,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2753-speakers-7,2753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +2753-speakers-6,2753,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib5275,yes +2753-speaker_number-7,2753,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2753-speakers-7,2753,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 2753-LEI-1,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2753-transmission-1,2753,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 2753-speaker_number_trends-1,2753,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 2753-vitality-1,2753,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no 2753-LEI-2,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2753-vitality-2,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2753-LEI-3,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2753-vitality-3,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2753-LEI-4,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2753-vitality-4,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2753-LEI-3,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2753-vitality-3,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2753-LEI-4,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2753-vitality-4,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2753-LEI-5,2753,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2753-vitality-5,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2753-LEI-6,2753,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5252,yes -2753-vitality-6,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5252,yes -2753-LEI-7,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2753-vitality-7,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2754-location-1,2754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2721, 128.757]]}",,,bib5307,no +2753-LEI-6,2753,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5275,yes +2753-vitality-6,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5275,yes +2753-LEI-7,2753,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2753-vitality-7,2753,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2754-location-1,2754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2721, 128.757]]}",,,bib5330,no 2754-location-2,2754,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.25, 128.75]]}",,,bib216,no -2754-location-3,2754,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west coast of Elpaputih Bay in southwest Seram Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2754-location-3,2754,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west coast of Elpaputih Bay in southwest Seram Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2754-location-4,2754,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2754-speaker_number-1,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2754-speakers-1,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2754-speaker_number-2,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1982, fifty possible speakers were reported. Now there would be only very few left.",bib7938,no -2754-speakers-2,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1982, fifty possible speakers were reported. Now there would be only very few left.",bib7938,no +2754-speaker_number-1,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2754-speakers-1,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2754-speaker_number-2,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1982, fifty possible speakers were reported. Now there would be only very few left.",bib7963,no +2754-speakers-2,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1982, fifty possible speakers were reported. Now there would be only very few left.",bib7963,no 2754-speaker_number-3,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2754-speakers-3,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2754-speaker_number-4,2754,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,yes 2754-speakers-4,2754,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,yes -2754-LEI-1,2754,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2754-vitality-1,2754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2754-LEI-2,2754,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7938,no -2754-transmission-2,2754,transmission,5,transmission-5,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7938,no -2754-speaker_number_trends-2,2754,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7938,no -2754-vitality-2,2754,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7938,no +2754-LEI-1,2754,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2754-vitality-1,2754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2754-LEI-2,2754,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7963,no +2754-transmission-2,2754,transmission,5,transmission-5,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7963,no +2754-speaker_number_trends-2,2754,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7963,no +2754-vitality-2,2754,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"They suffered from a severe earth- quake and tidal wave, and were decimated by disease. The language is moribund and almost extinct.",bib7963,no 2754-LEI-3,2754,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2754-vitality-3,2754,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2754-LEI-4,2754,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -27901,48 +28087,48 @@ By 1962, most had shifted to Chiquitano [cax].",bib68,no 2756-context-1,2756,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib70,no 2756-location-1,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Mato Grosso""]}",,Brazil; Mato Grosso,bib67,no 2756-location-2,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Mato Grosso state,bib70,no -2756-location-3,2756,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5277, -59.6859]]}",,,bib5307,no -2756-location-4,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Rondonia and Mato-Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Ind\u00edgena Pirineus de\nSouza, southeastern Rond\u00f4nia State, Terra Ind\u00edgena Tubar\u00e3o-Latund\u00ea, Vilhena""}",,,bib1903,no -2756-location-5,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2756-location-3,2756,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5277, -59.6859]]}",,,bib5330,no +2756-location-4,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Rondonia and Mato-Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Ind\u00edgena Pirineus de\nSouza, southeastern Rond\u00f4nia State, Terra Ind\u00edgena Tubar\u00e3o-Latund\u00ea, Vilhena""}",,,bib1915,no +2756-location-5,2756,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2756-speaker_number-1,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,no 2756-speakers-1,2756,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,no 2756-speaker_number-2,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 2756-speakers-2,2756,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -2756-speaker_number-3,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2756-speakers-3,2756,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2756-speaker_number-4,2756,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2756-speakers-4,2756,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +2756-speaker_number-3,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2756-speakers-3,2756,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2756-speaker_number-4,2756,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2756-speakers-4,2756,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2756-speaker_number-5,2756,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2756-speakers-5,2756,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2756-speaker_number-6,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,yes -2756-speakers-6,2756,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,yes +2756-speaker_number-6,2756,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,yes +2756-speakers-6,2756,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,yes 2756-LEI-1,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2756-vitality-1,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2756-LEI-2,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2756-transmission-2,2756,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 2756-speaker_number_trends-2,2756,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2756-vitality-2,2756,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2756-LEI-3,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2756-vitality-3,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2756-LEI-4,2756,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2756-vitality-4,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2756-LEI-3,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2756-vitality-3,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2756-LEI-4,2756,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2756-vitality-4,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2756-LEI-5,2756,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2756-vitality-5,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2756-LEI-6,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2756-vitality-6,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2756-LEI-6,2756,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2756-vitality-6,2756,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2757-context-1,2757,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib70,no -2757-context-2,2757,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,", 2 between 15-24 years old, 4 between 25-49, and 4 are 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-context-3,2757,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib6833,yes +2757-context-2,2757,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,", 2 between 15-24 years old, 4 between 25-49, and 4 are 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-context-3,2757,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib6857,yes 2757-location-1,2757,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8333333333, -57.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2757-location-2,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso and Amazonas states, at the confluence of Sangue and Juruena rivers, Japuira on the east bank of the Juruena between the Arinos and Sangue rivers, and Posto Escondido on the west bank of the Juruena 700 km north; 9 villages, 14 settlements.",bib67,no 2757-location-3,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso and Amazonas states: confluence of Sangue and Juruena rivers, Japuira on the east bank of the Juruena between Arinos and Sangue rivers; Posto Escondido on Juruena west bank 700 km north. 9 villages, 14 settlements.",bib70,no -2757-location-4,2757,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6174, -58.2714]]}",,,bib5307,no -2757-location-5,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5645,no +2757-location-4,2757,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6174, -58.2714]]}",,,bib5330,no +2757-location-5,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5669,no 2757-location-6,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso and Amazonas states, confluence of Sangue and Juruena rivers, Japuira on the east bank of the Juruena between the Arinos and Sangue rivers, and Posto Escondido on the west bank of the Juruena 700 km north, 9 villages, 14 settlements.",bib68,no -2757-location-7,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2757-location-7,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2757-location-8,2757,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"vivem em 35 aldeias, distribuídas em três Terras Indígenas (Erikpatsa, Japuíra e Escondido), localizadas às margens dos rios Juruena, Arinos e Sangue, no estado do Mato Grosso, sudoeste amazônico. -they live in 35 villages, distributed in three Indigenous Territories (Erikpatsa, Japuíra, and Escondido), located on the banks of the rivers Juruena, Arinos and Sangue, in the state of Mato Grosso, southwest Amazon.",bib6833,yes +they live in 35 villages, distributed in three Indigenous Territories (Erikpatsa, Japuíra, and Escondido), located on the banks of the rivers Juruena, Arinos and Sangue, in the state of Mato Grosso, southwest Amazon.",bib6857,yes 2757-speaker_number-1,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2001). 40 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,140 (2006 FUNASA) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -27951,48 +28137,48 @@ they live in 35 villages, distributed in three Indigenous Territories (Erikpatsa 40 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,140 (2006 FUNASA) (2013).",bib67,no 2757-speaker_number-2,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"40 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,140 (2006 FUNASA).",bib70,no 2757-speakers-2,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"40 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,140 (2006 FUNASA).",bib70,no -2757-speaker_number-3,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2757-speakers-3,2757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2757-speaker_number-4,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5645,no -2757-speakers-4,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5645,no +2757-speaker_number-3,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2757-speakers-3,2757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2757-speaker_number-4,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5669,no +2757-speakers-4,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5669,no 2757-speaker_number-5,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib68,no 2757-speakers-5,2757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40 (2010 SIL); ethnic population: 1,140 (2006 FUNASA)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib68,no 2757-speaker_number-6,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2757-speakers-6,2757,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2757-speaker_number-7,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-speakers-7,2757,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""5"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""1,411?"", ""Young Adults"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-speaker_number-8,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2757-speakers-8,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,117"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2757-speaker_number-7,2757,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-speakers-7,2757,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""5"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""1,411?"", ""Young Adults"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-speaker_number-8,2757,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2757-speakers-8,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,117"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2757-speaker_number-9,2757,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[based on interviews of 297 persons in 24 villages] Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). -[Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6).]",bib6833,yes +[Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6).]",bib6857,yes 2757-speakers-9,2757,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1323"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1085"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""18%""}",,"[based on interviews of 297 persons in 24 villages] Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). -[Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6).]",bib6833,yes +[Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6).]",bib6857,yes 2757-LEI-1,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2757-vitality-1,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2757-LEI-2,2757,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2757-transmission-2,2757,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 2757-speaker_number_trends-2,2757,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 2757-vitality-2,2757,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2757-LEI-3,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2757-vitality-3,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2757-LEI-4,2757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5645,no -2757-vitality-4,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5645,no +2757-LEI-3,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2757-vitality-3,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2757-LEI-4,2757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5669,no +2757-vitality-4,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5669,no 2757-LEI-5,2757,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A dying language. Bilingual in Portuguese; the younger generation is more fluent in Portuguese (Crevels 2007).,bib68,no 2757-transmission-5,2757,transmission,5,transmission-5,A dying language. Bilingual in Portuguese; the younger generation is more fluent in Portuguese (Crevels 2007).,bib68,no 2757-vitality-5,2757,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,A dying language. Bilingual in Portuguese; the younger generation is more fluent in Portuguese (Crevels 2007).,bib68,no 2757-LEI-6,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2757-vitality-6,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2757-LEI-7,2757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-transmission-7,2757,transmission,3,transmission-3,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-domains_of_use-7,2757,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-speaker_number_trends-7,2757,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-vitality-7,2757,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8132,no -2757-LEI-8,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2757-vitality-8,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2757-LEI-7,2757,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-transmission-7,2757,transmission,3,transmission-3,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-domains_of_use-7,2757,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-speaker_number_trends-7,2757,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-vitality-7,2757,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"10 speakers, 2 between 15-24 years old, 5 between 25-49, and 5 50 and older.",bib8157,no +2757-LEI-8,2757,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2757-vitality-8,2757,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2757-LEI-9,2757,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6). @@ -28003,7 +28189,7 @@ Ages 10-19: 4% Ages 20-29: 6% Ages 30-39: 5% Ages 40-49: 2% -Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes +Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6857,yes 2757-transmission-9,2757,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6). @@ -28014,7 +28200,7 @@ Ages 10-19: 4% Ages 20-29: 6% Ages 30-39: 5% Ages 40-49: 2% -Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes +Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6857,yes 2757-domains_of_use-9,2757,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6). @@ -28025,7 +28211,7 @@ Ages 10-19: 4% Ages 20-29: 6% Ages 30-39: 5% Ages 40-49: 2% -Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes +Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6857,yes 2757-speaker_number_trends-9,2757,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6). @@ -28036,7 +28222,7 @@ Ages 10-19: 4% Ages 20-29: 6% Ages 30-39: 5% Ages 40-49: 2% -Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes +Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6857,yes 2757-vitality-9,2757,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Em termos gerais, podemos afirmar que pessoas com mais de 40 anos são em geral bilingues em Rikbaktsa e Português (cf. Gráfico 4). Entre estes falantes, encontramos um pequeno número de monolíngues em Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 3). Pessoas com idade entre 40 e 30 anos não falam ou falam pouco Rikbaktsa; embora demonstrem ter um bom nível de compreensão desta língua, se comunicam quase que exclusivamente em Português (cf. Gráfico 5). E por fim, pessoas com menos de 30 anos são, com poucas exceções, monolíngues em Português e apresentam baixo nível de compreensão da língua Rikbaktsa (cf. Gráfico 6). Overall, we can say that people over 40 are generally bilingual in Rikbaktsa and Portuguese (see figure 4). Among these speakers, we found a small number of monolinguals in Rikbaktsa (see figure 3). People aged between 30 and 50 do not speak or speak little Rikbaktsa; although they demonstrate having a good level of understanding of this language, they communicate almost exclusively in Portuguese (see figure 5). Finally, people under 30 years of age are, with few exceptions, monolingual in Portuguese and have a low level of understanding of Rikbaktsa (see figure 6). @@ -28047,12 +28233,12 @@ Ages 10-19: 4% Ages 20-29: 6% Ages 30-39: 5% Ages 40-49: 2% -Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes +Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6857,yes 2759-location-1,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib67,no 2759-location-2,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib70,no -2759-location-3,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Reyes, Beni Department, Bolivia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.295242, -67.337351]]}",,,bib3132,yes -2759-location-4,2759,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.7748, -66.9396]]}",,,bib5307,no -2759-location-5,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Beni, Province of Ballivian, southwest of the Beni River, in Santa Rosa and Reyes.""}",,,bib1903,no +2759-location-3,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Reyes, Beni Department, Bolivia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.295242, -67.337351]]}",,,bib3147,yes +2759-location-4,2759,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.7748, -66.9396]]}",,,bib5330,no +2759-location-5,2759,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Beni, Province of Ballivian, southwest of the Beni River, in Santa Rosa and Reyes.""}",,,bib1915,no 2759-speaker_number-1,2759,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Possibly a few speakers (Adelaar 2000). Data for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000). 250 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 1,130 (1994 census) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -28062,54 +28248,54 @@ Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes 2759-speaker_number-2,2759,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2759-speakers-2,2759,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 speakers, 1994 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no 2759-speaker_number-3,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""J’ai pu travailler avec une dizaine de ce que j’appellerai des bons locuteurs. Le nombre total des bons locuteurs est plus élevé mais ne dépasse sans doute pas la quinzaine. L’âge moyen de ces personnes était 75 ans, la plus jeune (Natalia) ayant 64 ans et la plus âgée, 87 ans. [Il y a] des nombreuses personnes aux compétences moindres.. qui sont néanmoins considérées comme locuteurs par (au moins certains de) leur pairs et font donc ainsi partie de la communauté linguistique reyesano telle qu’elle se définit elle-même. Ces personnes, qui correspondent à ce que Dorian (1982) appelle semi-locuteurs (‘semi-speakers’) et locuteurs quasi-passifs (‘near-passive bilinguals’), sont typiques des situations de mort de langues."" -[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3132,yes +[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3147,yes 2759-speakers-3,2759,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Some"", ""Elders"": ""10-15""}",,"""J’ai pu travailler avec une dizaine de ce que j’appellerai des bons locuteurs. Le nombre total des bons locuteurs est plus élevé mais ne dépasse sans doute pas la quinzaine. L’âge moyen de ces personnes était 75 ans, la plus jeune (Natalia) ayant 64 ans et la plus âgée, 87 ans. [Il y a] des nombreuses personnes aux compétences moindres.. qui sont néanmoins considérées comme locuteurs par (au moins certains de) leur pairs et font donc ainsi partie de la communauté linguistique reyesano telle qu’elle se définit elle-même. Ces personnes, qui correspondent à ce que Dorian (1982) appelle semi-locuteurs (‘semi-speakers’) et locuteurs quasi-passifs (‘near-passive bilinguals’), sont typiques des situations de mort de langues."" -[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3132,yes -2759-speaker_number-4,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Including semi-speakers and rememberers, the 1994 census registered 245 ""speakers"" out of an ethnic group of 1,130. Recent reports, however, state that there are only about ten elderly speakers left.",bib1903,no -2759-speakers-4,2759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,"Including semi-speakers and rememberers, the 1994 census registered 245 ""speakers"" out of an ethnic group of 1,130. Recent reports, however, state that there are only about ten elderly speakers left.",bib1903,no +[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3147,yes +2759-speaker_number-4,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Including semi-speakers and rememberers, the 1994 census registered 245 ""speakers"" out of an ethnic group of 1,130. Recent reports, however, state that there are only about ten elderly speakers left.",bib1915,no +2759-speakers-4,2759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""10""}",,"Including semi-speakers and rememberers, the 1994 census registered 245 ""speakers"" out of an ethnic group of 1,130. Recent reports, however, state that there are only about ten elderly speakers left.",bib1915,no 2759-speaker_number-5,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""Sólo hay una docena de personas que lo hablan bien, todos mayores de 60 años. Ellos sólo usan el maropa muy esporádicamente y en contextos muy restringidos"" (p 191). -[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3133,no +[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3148,no 2759-speakers-5,2759,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""Sólo hay una docena de personas que lo hablan bien, todos mayores de 60 años. Ellos sólo usan el maropa muy esporádicamente y en contextos muy restringidos"" (p 191). -[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3133,no -2759-speaker_number-6,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,12 or 53.,bib1902,no -2759-speakers-6,2759,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,919"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,12 or 53.,bib1902,no +[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3148,no +2759-speaker_number-6,2759,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,12 or 53.,bib1914,no +2759-speakers-6,2759,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,919"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,12 or 53.,bib1914,no 2759-LEI-1,2759,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2759-vitality-1,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2759-LEI-2,2759,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2759-vitality-2,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 2759-LEI-3,2759,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""J’ai pu travailler avec une dizaine de ce que j’appellerai des bons locuteurs. Le nombre total des bons locuteurs est plus élevé mais ne dépasse sans doute pas la quinzaine. L’âge moyen de ces personnes était 75 ans, la plus jeune (Natalia) ayant 64 ans et la plus âgée, 87 ans. [Il y a] des nombreuses personnes aux compétences moindres.. qui sont néanmoins considérées comme locuteurs par (au moins certains de) leur pairs et font donc ainsi partie de la communauté linguistique reyesano telle qu’elle se définit elle-même. Ces personnes, qui correspondent à ce que Dorian (1982) appelle semi-locuteurs (‘semi-speakers’) et locuteurs quasi-passifs (‘near-passive bilinguals’), sont typiques des situations de mort de langues."" -[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3132,yes +[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3147,yes 2759-transmission-3,2759,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""J’ai pu travailler avec une dizaine de ce que j’appellerai des bons locuteurs. Le nombre total des bons locuteurs est plus élevé mais ne dépasse sans doute pas la quinzaine. L’âge moyen de ces personnes était 75 ans, la plus jeune (Natalia) ayant 64 ans et la plus âgée, 87 ans. [Il y a] des nombreuses personnes aux compétences moindres.. qui sont néanmoins considérées comme locuteurs par (au moins certains de) leur pairs et font donc ainsi partie de la communauté linguistique reyesano telle qu’elle se définit elle-même. Ces personnes, qui correspondent à ce que Dorian (1982) appelle semi-locuteurs (‘semi-speakers’) et locuteurs quasi-passifs (‘near-passive bilinguals’), sont typiques des situations de mort de langues."" -[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3132,yes +[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3147,yes 2759-vitality-3,2759,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""J’ai pu travailler avec une dizaine de ce que j’appellerai des bons locuteurs. Le nombre total des bons locuteurs est plus élevé mais ne dépasse sans doute pas la quinzaine. L’âge moyen de ces personnes était 75 ans, la plus jeune (Natalia) ayant 64 ans et la plus âgée, 87 ans. [Il y a] des nombreuses personnes aux compétences moindres.. qui sont néanmoins considérées comme locuteurs par (au moins certains de) leur pairs et font donc ainsi partie de la communauté linguistique reyesano telle qu’elle se définit elle-même. Ces personnes, qui correspondent à ce que Dorian (1982) appelle semi-locuteurs (‘semi-speakers’) et locuteurs quasi-passifs (‘near-passive bilinguals’), sont typiques des situations de mort de langues."" -[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3132,yes -2759-LEI-4,2759,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2759-vitality-4,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +[I worked with a dozen of what I would call good speakers. The total number of good speakers is higher [than 12] but probably does not exceed fifteen. The average age of these individuals was 75, the youngest (Natalia) being 64 and the oldest, 87 years old. [There are] many people with less competence .. who are nevertheless considered by speakers by (at least some of) their peers and are therefore part of the language Reyesano community as it defines itself. These people, who are what Dorian (1982) calls semi-speakers and quasi-passive speakers ('near-passive bilinguals') are typical of situations of language death].",bib3147,yes +2759-LEI-4,2759,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2759-vitality-4,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2759-LEI-5,2759,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Sólo hay una docena de personas que lo hablan bien, todos mayores de 60 años. Ellos sólo usan el maropa muy esporádicamente y en contextos muy restringidos"" (p 191). -[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3133,no +[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3148,no 2759-transmission-5,2759,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Sólo hay una docena de personas que lo hablan bien, todos mayores de 60 años. Ellos sólo usan el maropa muy esporádicamente y en contextos muy restringidos"" (p 191). -[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3133,no +[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3148,no 2759-vitality-5,2759,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Sólo hay una docena de personas que lo hablan bien, todos mayores de 60 años. Ellos sólo usan el maropa muy esporádicamente y en contextos muy restringidos"" (p 191). -[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3133,no -2759-LEI-6,2759,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2759-vitality-6,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +[There are only a dozen people who speak it well, all over 60. They only use Maropa sporadically and in very restricted contexts].",bib3148,no +2759-LEI-6,2759,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2759-vitality-6,2759,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2760-context-1,2760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Warembori""}",,Used as L2 by Warembori.,bib68,no -2760-context-2,2760,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Warembori"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"Contact with the Warembori people is frequent, and many of the people are bilingual in these two related languages.",bib1747,yes -2760-context-3,2760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Warembori""}",,,bib7938,no +2760-context-2,2760,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Warembori"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"Contact with the Warembori people is frequent, and many of the people are bilingual in these two related languages.",bib1759,yes +2760-context-3,2760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Warembori""}",,,bib7963,no 2760-context-4,2760,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Warembori""}",,"It is under pressure from the larger Warembori language of the area, which is also a Papuan language isolate.",,no 2760-location-1,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib68,no -2760-location-2,2760,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8151, 137.8193]]}",,,bib5307,no -2760-location-3,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yoke is the language of the village of Mantarbori, and the inland area around the village of Yoke. Historically, the Yoke report having occupied the villages of Kapeso and Suaseso on the northern edge of Lake Rombebai, but this land is currently occupied by Bagusa speakers.""}",,,bib1747,yes -2760-location-4,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west side of the lower Mamber- amo River by Lake Rombebai, in the northeast of non-pensinular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2760-location-2,2760,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8151, 137.8193]]}",,,bib5330,no +2760-location-3,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yoke is the language of the village of Mantarbori, and the inland area around the village of Yoke. Historically, the Yoke report having occupied the villages of Kapeso and Suaseso on the northern edge of Lake Rombebai, but this land is currently occupied by Bagusa speakers.""}",,,bib1759,yes +2760-location-4,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the west side of the lower Mamber- amo River by Lake Rombebai, in the northeast of non-pensinular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2760-location-5,2760,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east side of the mouth of the Mamberamo River, on the western coast of non-peninsular Irian Jaya.""}",,,,no 2760-speaker_number-1,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 2760-speakers-1,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -2760-speaker_number-2,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2760-speakers-2,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2760-speaker_number-3,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are estimated to be not more than two hundred Yoke speakers. The village of Mantarbori has about fourteen family units (KK). The village of Yoke has about thirty family units.,bib1747,yes -2760-speakers-3,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are estimated to be not more than two hundred Yoke speakers. The village of Mantarbori has about fourteen family units (KK). The village of Yoke has about thirty family units.,bib1747,yes -2760-speaker_number-4,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Language isolate.,bib7938,no -2760-speakers-4,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Language isolate.,bib7938,no +2760-speaker_number-2,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2760-speakers-2,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2760-speaker_number-3,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are estimated to be not more than two hundred Yoke speakers. The village of Mantarbori has about fourteen family units (KK). The village of Yoke has about thirty family units.,bib1759,yes +2760-speakers-3,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are estimated to be not more than two hundred Yoke speakers. The village of Mantarbori has about fourteen family units (KK). The village of Yoke has about thirty family units.,bib1759,yes +2760-speaker_number-4,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Language isolate.,bib7963,no +2760-speakers-4,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Language isolate.,bib7963,no 2760-speaker_number-5,2760,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,,no 2760-speakers-5,2760,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,,no 2760-speaker_number-6,2760,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -28117,117 +28303,117 @@ Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes 2760-LEI-1,2760,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. Religious services. All ages.,bib68,no 2760-transmission-1,2760,transmission,0,transmission-0,Vigorous. Religious services. All ages.,bib68,no 2760-vitality-1,2760,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Vigorous. Religious services. All ages.,bib68,no -2760-LEI-2,2760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2760-vitality-2,2760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2760-LEI-3,2760,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1747,yes -2760-transmission-3,2760,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1747,yes -2760-vitality-3,2760,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1747,yes -2760-LEI-4,2760,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7938,no -2760-speaker_number_trends-4,2760,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7938,no -2760-vitality-4,2760,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7938,no +2760-LEI-2,2760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2760-vitality-2,2760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2760-LEI-3,2760,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1759,yes +2760-transmission-3,2760,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1759,yes +2760-vitality-3,2760,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In the village of Mantarbori, the vernacular is used almost exclusively by adults among themselves and when speaking to children. Children, however, use Malay almost exclusively with each other, at school, and when talking with their parents. Adults speaking with outsiders use Malay exclusively. In church, the language used depends upon the religious worker, though most use a mixture of languages. It is very likely that in the village of Yoke, in the interior, vernacular language use is even stronger with children using it.",bib1759,yes +2760-LEI-4,2760,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7963,no +2760-speaker_number_trends-4,2760,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7963,no +2760-vitality-4,2760,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It seems that it is under pressure from the larger Warembori language which is also a language isolate.,bib7963,no 2760-LEI-5,2760,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 2760-speaker_number_trends-5,2760,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,,no 2760-vitality-5,2760,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,,no 2760-LEI-6,2760,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2760-vitality-6,2760,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2762-location-1,2762,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.2716, 106.7871]]}",,,bib5307,no -2762-location-2,2762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Jakarta""]}",,,bib7938,yes +2762-location-1,2762,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.2716, 106.7871]]}",,,bib5330,no +2762-location-2,2762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Jakarta""]}",,,bib7963,yes 2762-location-3,2762,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2762-speaker_number-1,2762,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,yes -2762-speakers-1,2762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""some"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,yes +2762-speaker_number-1,2762,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,yes +2762-speakers-1,2762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""some"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,yes 2762-speakers-2,2762,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -2762-LEI-1,2762,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7938,yes -2762-speaker_number_trends-1,2762,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7938,yes -2762-vitality-1,2762,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7938,yes +2762-LEI-1,2762,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7963,yes +2762-speaker_number_trends-1,2762,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7963,yes +2762-vitality-1,2762,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are still second-language speakers and some first-language speakers of it, but it is moribund.",bib7963,yes 2766-location-1,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rond\u00f4nia, headwaters of the Rio S\u00e3o Miguel, tributary of the right bank of the Guapor\u00e9.""}",,"Rondônia, headwaters of the Rio São Miguel, tributary of the right bank of the Guaporé.",bib67,no -2766-location-2,2766,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.3292, -64.2919]]}",,,bib5307,no -2766-location-3,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southern Rond\u00f4nia, Costa Marques vicinity and possibly in Guajar\u00e1-Mirim.""}",,,bib1903,no +2766-location-2,2766,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.3292, -64.2919]]}",,,bib5330,no +2766-location-3,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southern Rond\u00f4nia, Costa Marques vicinity and possibly in Guajar\u00e1-Mirim.""}",,,bib1915,no 2766-location-4,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,several localities in Rondonia state and some outside of it.,bib98,yes -2766-location-5,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2766-location-5,2766,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2766-speaker_number-1,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002). 2 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 50 (Moore 2006) (2016).",bib67,no 2766-speakers-1,2766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002). 2 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 50 (Moore 2006) (2016).",bib67,no -2766-speaker_number-2,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2766-speakers-2,2766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2766-speaker_number-3,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Despite the fact that the Puroborá are one of the earliest mentioned ethnic groups of Rondônia (early twentieth century), the language has been poorly documented until now.",bib1903,no -2766-speakers-3,2766,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Despite the fact that the Puroborá are one of the earliest mentioned ethnic groups of Rondônia (early twentieth century), the language has been poorly documented until now.",bib1903,no +2766-speaker_number-2,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2766-speakers-2,2766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2766-speaker_number-3,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Despite the fact that the Puroborá are one of the earliest mentioned ethnic groups of Rondônia (early twentieth century), the language has been poorly documented until now.",bib1915,no +2766-speakers-3,2766,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Despite the fact that the Puroborá are one of the earliest mentioned ethnic groups of Rondônia (early twentieth century), the language has been poorly documented until now.",bib1915,no 2766-speaker_number-4,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2015, there are only two elders who speak partially Puruborá, both quite enfeebled by age and health problems. However, the younger generation is interested in possible language revitalization actions.",bib98,yes 2766-speakers-4,2766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2015, there are only two elders who speak partially Puruborá, both quite enfeebled by age and health problems. However, the younger generation is interested in possible language revitalization actions.",bib98,yes 2766-speaker_number-5,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2766-speakers-5,2766,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2766-speaker_number-6,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2766-speakers-6,2766,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +2766-speaker_number-6,2766,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2766-speakers-6,2766,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 2766-LEI-1,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2766-vitality-1,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2766-LEI-2,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2766-vitality-2,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2766-LEI-3,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2766-vitality-3,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2766-LEI-2,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2766-vitality-2,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2766-LEI-3,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2766-vitality-3,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2766-LEI-4,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib98,yes 2766-transmission-4,2766,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib98,yes 2766-speaker_number_trends-4,2766,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib98,yes 2766-vitality-4,2766,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib98,yes 2766-LEI-5,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2766-vitality-5,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2766-LEI-6,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2766-vitality-6,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2767-location-1,2767,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.434, -68.1591]]}",,,bib5307,no +2766-LEI-6,2766,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2766-vitality-6,2766,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2767-location-1,2767,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.434, -68.1591]]}",,,bib5330,no 2767-location-2,2767,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0, -68.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2767-location-3,2767,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2767-location-3,2767,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2767-location-4,2767,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Guainia and Vichada departments, In\u00edrida River and tributaries.""}",,"Guainia and Vichada departments, Inírida River and tributaries.",bib67,no -2767-speaker_number-1,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2767-speakers-1,2767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,377"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2767-speaker_number-2,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 6,604 speakers (and ethnic populaction) in Colombia (2001) and 550 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1307 people in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes -2767-speakers-2,2767,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,911"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,154"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 6,604 speakers (and ethnic populaction) in Colombia (2001) and 550 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1307 people in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes +2767-speaker_number-1,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2767-speakers-1,2767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,377"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2767-speaker_number-2,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 6,604 speakers (and ethnic populaction) in Colombia (2001) and 550 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1307 people in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes +2767-speakers-2,2767,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,911"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,154"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 6,604 speakers (and ethnic populaction) in Colombia (2001) and 550 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1307 people in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes 2767-speaker_number-3,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2767-speakers-3,2767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2767-speaker_number-4,2767,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 in Colombia (1977 NTM). (Unchanged 2016, source 2008 Colombia, 2001 Venezuela.)",bib67,no 2767-speakers-4,2767,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 in Colombia (1977 NTM). (Unchanged 2016, source 2008 Colombia, 2001 Venezuela.)",bib67,no -2767-LEI-1,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2767-vitality-1,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2767-LEI-2,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2767-vitality-2,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2767-LEI-1,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2767-vitality-1,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2767-LEI-2,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2767-vitality-2,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2767-LEI-3,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2767-vitality-3,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2767-LEI-4,2767,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2767-vitality-4,2767,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2769-context-1,2769,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the younger community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3543,yes -2769-context-2,2769,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used as a regional lingua franca. Pendau is Used only in the home and within the community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay."", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Malay.""}",,,bib6083,no -2769-context-3,2769,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials.",bib7938,no -2769-location-1,2769,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken in a number of very small and isolated villages in Donggala, on the Island of Sulawesi. From Sibayu to the south to Bou in the north."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.65, 120.1], [0.105, 119.9]]}",,,bib3543,yes -2769-location-2,2769,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""The Pendau language area has traditionally been the middle and inner hill areas of much of the central part of the narrow neck which links the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.""}",,,bib7938,no +2769-context-1,2769,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the younger community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3561,yes +2769-context-2,2769,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used as a regional lingua franca. Pendau is Used only in the home and within the community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay."", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Malay.""}",,,bib6107,no +2769-context-3,2769,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials.",bib7963,no +2769-location-1,2769,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken in a number of very small and isolated villages in Donggala, on the Island of Sulawesi. From Sibayu to the south to Bou in the north."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.65, 120.1], [0.105, 119.9]]}",,,bib3561,yes +2769-location-2,2769,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""The Pendau language area has traditionally been the middle and inner hill areas of much of the central part of the narrow neck which links the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula.""}",,,bib7963,no 2769-location-3,2769,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 2769-speaker_number-1,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2769-speakers-1,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2769-speaker_number-2,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3543,yes -2769-speakers-2,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3543,yes -2769-speaker_number-3,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6083,no -2769-speakers-3,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3935-4500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6083,no -2769-speaker_number-4,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1991, 2,000 to 5,000 were reported.",bib7938,no -2769-speakers-4,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1991, 2,000 to 5,000 were reported.",bib7938,no +2769-speaker_number-2,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3561,yes +2769-speakers-2,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3561,yes +2769-speaker_number-3,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6107,no +2769-speakers-3,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3935-4500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6107,no +2769-speaker_number-4,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1991, 2,000 to 5,000 were reported.",bib7963,no +2769-speakers-4,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1991, 2,000 to 5,000 were reported.",bib7963,no 2769-speaker_number-5,2769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Quick (2003).,bib67,no 2769-speakers-5,2769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Quick (2003).,bib67,no 2769-LEI-1,2769,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2769-vitality-1,2769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2769-LEI-2,2769,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -2769-transmission-2,2769,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,yes -2769-domains_of_use-2,2769,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,yes -2769-speaker_number_trends-2,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3543,yes -2769-vitality-2,2769,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes -2769-LEI-3,2769,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6083,no -2769-transmission-3,2769,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6083,no -2769-domains_of_use-3,2769,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6083,no -2769-speaker_number_trends-3,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6083,no -2769-vitality-3,2769,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6083,no -2769-LEI-4,2769,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no -2769-domains_of_use-4,2769,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no -2769-speaker_number_trends-4,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no -2769-vitality-4,2769,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no +2769-LEI-2,2769,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +2769-transmission-2,2769,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,yes +2769-domains_of_use-2,2769,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,yes +2769-speaker_number_trends-2,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3561,yes +2769-vitality-2,2769,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes +2769-LEI-3,2769,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6107,no +2769-transmission-3,2769,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6107,no +2769-domains_of_use-3,2769,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6107,no +2769-speaker_number_trends-3,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6107,no +2769-vitality-3,2769,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although children still learn to speak Pendau and use it every day, the use of Indonesian is on the rise. The Pendau lexicon is being replaced by Indonesian loans by younger speakers.",bib6107,no +2769-LEI-4,2769,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no +2769-domains_of_use-4,2769,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no +2769-speaker_number_trends-4,2769,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no +2769-vitality-4,2769,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Pendau keep much to themselves and tend not to enter into close social relationships with speakers of another language. Pendau is the everyday language in their settlements. They use Indonesian only if they have to, e.g. to outside officials. However, their children receive instruction in the primary schools in Indonesian, and the non-Pendau coastal population is socially dominant. The language must therefore be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no 2769-LEI-5,2769,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2769-vitality-5,2769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2770-context-1,2770,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive.""}",,,bib70,no @@ -28235,997 +28421,997 @@ Ages above 50: 0.7%",bib6833,yes 2770-location-2,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Upper Pac\u00e1 River (tributary of Papur\u00ed River), Ca\u00f1o Yi River (tributary of the Vaup\u00e9s River), and Ca\u00f1o Tuy River (tributary of the Vaup\u00e9s); Amazonas.""}",,,bib67,no 2770-location-3,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Brazil""]}",,"In Colombia: Vaupés department: Upper Paca River (Papurí River tributary); Caño Yi and Caño Tuy rivers (Vaupes River tributaries). In Brazil: Amazonas state: Iauarete.",bib70,no -2770-location-4,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2770-location-5,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +2770-location-4,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2770-location-5,2770,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 2770-speaker_number-1,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"450 in Colombia (SIL 2007), increasing. Few monolinguals.",bib67,no 2770-speakers-1,2770,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""867"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"450 in Colombia (SIL 2007), increasing. Few monolinguals.",bib67,no 2770-speaker_number-2,2770,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1100 in Colombia, 50 in Brazil",bib70,no 2770-speakers-2,2770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (Colombia), 1991 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1100 in Colombia, 50 in Brazil",bib70,no 2770-speaker_number-3,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2770-speakers-3,2770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2770-speaker_number-4,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No speakers in Brazil?, 687 speakers and population in Colombia (2001).",bib1902,yes -2770-speakers-4,2770,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""687"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"No speakers in Brazil?, 687 speakers and population in Colombia (2001).",bib1902,yes -2770-speaker_number-5,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 250; Arango and Sánchez 2004: 687; Censo 2005: 377.,bib6064,no -2770-speakers-5,2770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 250; Arango and Sánchez 2004: 687; Censo 2005: 377.,bib6064,no +2770-speaker_number-4,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"No speakers in Brazil?, 687 speakers and population in Colombia (2001).",bib1914,yes +2770-speakers-4,2770,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""687"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"No speakers in Brazil?, 687 speakers and population in Colombia (2001).",bib1914,yes +2770-speaker_number-5,2770,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 250; Arango and Sánchez 2004: 687; Censo 2005: 377.,bib6088,no +2770-speakers-5,2770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""687"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 250; Arango and Sánchez 2004: 687; Censo 2005: 377.,bib6088,no 2770-LEI-1,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. Positive attitudes.,bib67,no 2770-vitality-1,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. Positive attitudes.,bib67,no 2770-LEI-2,2770,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2770-vitality-2,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 2770-LEI-3,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2770-vitality-3,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2770-LEI-4,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2770-vitality-4,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2770-LEI-5,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -2770-vitality-5,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -2773-location-1,2773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 128.1747]]}",,,bib5307,no -2773-location-2,2773,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7938,no +2770-LEI-4,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2770-vitality-4,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2770-LEI-5,2770,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +2770-vitality-5,2770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +2773-location-1,2773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 128.1747]]}",,,bib5330,no +2773-location-2,2773,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""West Seram Island""}",,,bib7963,no 2773-location-3,2773,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 2773-speaker_number-1,2773,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2773-speakers-1,2773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2773-speaker_number-2,2773,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -2773-speakers-2,2773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +2773-speaker_number-2,2773,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +2773-speakers-2,2773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 2773-speaker_number-3,2773,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1985).,bib67,yes 2773-speakers-3,2773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1985).,bib67,yes 2773-LEI-1,2773,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2773-vitality-1,2773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2773-LEI-2,2773,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Now probably extinct.,bib7938,no -2773-transmission-2,2773,transmission,5,transmission-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7938,no -2773-speaker_number_trends-2,2773,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7938,no -2773-vitality-2,2773,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Now probably extinct.,bib7938,no +2773-LEI-2,2773,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Now probably extinct.,bib7963,no +2773-transmission-2,2773,transmission,5,transmission-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7963,no +2773-speaker_number_trends-2,2773,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Now probably extinct.,bib7963,no +2773-vitality-2,2773,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Now probably extinct.,bib7963,no 2773-LEI-3,2773,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2773-vitality-3,2773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2774-context-1,2774,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,"The very large language Bugis is used as second language, and there is pressure from Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2774-location-1,2774,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1898, 121.0858]]}",,,bib5307,no -2774-location-2,2774,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northern west coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, north of Lasusua.""}",,,bib7938,no +2774-context-1,2774,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,"The very large language Bugis is used as second language, and there is pressure from Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2774-location-1,2774,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1898, 121.0858]]}",,,bib5330,no +2774-location-2,2774,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northern west coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, north of Lasusua.""}",,,bib7963,no 2774-location-3,2774,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2774-speaker_number-1,2774,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2774-speakers-1,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2774-speaker_number-2,2774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are conflicting reports on the number of speakers: in 1989, 500; and in 1991, 5,000. Apparently a misprint in one of the sources.",bib7938,no -2774-speakers-2,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are conflicting reports on the number of speakers: in 1989, 500; and in 1991, 5,000. Apparently a misprint in one of the sources.",bib7938,no +2774-speaker_number-1,2774,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2774-speakers-1,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2774-speaker_number-2,2774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are conflicting reports on the number of speakers: in 1989, 500; and in 1991, 5,000. Apparently a misprint in one of the sources.",bib7963,no +2774-speakers-2,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are conflicting reports on the number of speakers: in 1989, 500; and in 1991, 5,000. Apparently a misprint in one of the sources.",bib7963,no 2774-speaker_number-3,2774,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2774-speakers-3,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2774-speaker_number-4,2774,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (1991 SIL)",bib67,yes 2774-speakers-4,2774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (1991 SIL)",bib67,yes -2774-LEI-1,2774,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2774-vitality-1,2774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2774-LEI-2,2774,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2774-speaker_number_trends-2,2774,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2774-vitality-2,2774,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2774-LEI-1,2774,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2774-vitality-1,2774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2774-LEI-2,2774,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2774-speaker_number_trends-2,2774,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2774-vitality-2,2774,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2774-LEI-3,2774,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2774-vitality-3,2774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2774-LEI-4,2774,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2774-vitality-4,2774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2775-context-1,2775,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Masiwang""}",,Most use the Masiwang language of the area as second language and they are shifting to it.,bib7938,no -2775-location-1,2775,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.135, 130.5505]]}",,,bib5307,no -2775-location-2,2775,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Waru Bay area, southeastern Seram Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2775-context-1,2775,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Masiwang""}",,Most use the Masiwang language of the area as second language and they are shifting to it.,bib7963,no +2775-location-1,2775,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.135, 130.5505]]}",,,bib5330,no +2775-location-2,2775,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Waru Bay area, southeastern Seram Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2775-location-3,2775,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2775-speaker_number-1,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2775-speakers-1,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2775-speaker_number-2,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2775-speakers-2,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2775-speaker_number-1,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2775-speakers-1,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2775-speaker_number-2,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2775-speakers-2,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2775-speaker_number-3,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2775-speakers-3,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2775-speaker_number-4,2775,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes 2775-speakers-4,2775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes -2775-LEI-1,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2775-vitality-1,2775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2775-LEI-2,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2775-speaker_number_trends-2,2775,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7938,no -2775-vitality-2,2775,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2775-LEI-1,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2775-vitality-1,2775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2775-LEI-2,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2775-speaker_number_trends-2,2775,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7963,no +2775-vitality-2,2775,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2775-LEI-3,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2775-vitality-3,2775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2775-LEI-4,2775,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2775-vitality-4,2775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2776-context-1,2776,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saluan, Indonesian""}",,Under pressure from the large coastal Saluan language and from Indonesian.,bib7938,no -2776-location-1,2776,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.903653, 122.640925]]}",,,bib7945,no -2776-location-2,2776,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east-central part of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no -2776-speaker_number-1,2776,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,no -2776-speakers-1,2776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,no +2776-context-1,2776,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saluan, Indonesian""}",,Under pressure from the large coastal Saluan language and from Indonesian.,bib7963,no +2776-location-1,2776,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.903653, 122.640925]]}",,,bib7970,no +2776-location-2,2776,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east-central part of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no +2776-speaker_number-1,2776,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,no +2776-speakers-1,2776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,no 2776-speaker_number-2,2776,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Barr, Barr and Salombe (1979).",bib67,yes 2776-speakers-2,2776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""74,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Barr, Barr and Salombe (1979).",bib67,yes -2776-LEI-1,2776,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2776-speaker_number_trends-1,2776,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2776-vitality-1,2776,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2776-LEI-1,2776,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2776-speaker_number_trends-1,2776,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2776-vitality-1,2776,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2776-LEI-2,2776,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2776-vitality-2,2776,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2777-context-1,2777,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rasawa, Indonesian""}",,"he language is under pressure from larger related languages of the area such as the related Rasawa, and of Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2777-location-1,2777,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.4025, 136.5037]]}",,,bib5307,no -2777-location-2,2777,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village inland from the central part of the eastern coast of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7938,no +2777-context-1,2777,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rasawa, Indonesian""}",,"he language is under pressure from larger related languages of the area such as the related Rasawa, and of Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2777-location-1,2777,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.4025, 136.5037]]}",,,bib5330,no +2777-location-2,2777,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village inland from the central part of the eastern coast of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7963,no 2777-location-3,2777,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2777-speaker_number-1,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2777-speakers-1,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2777-speaker_number-2,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -2777-speakers-2,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,no +2777-speaker_number-1,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2777-speakers-1,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2777-speaker_number-2,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +2777-speakers-2,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,no 2777-speaker_number-3,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2777-speakers-3,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2777-speaker_number-4,2777,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2777-speakers-4,2777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2777-LEI-1,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2777-vitality-1,2777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2777-LEI-2,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7938,no -2777-transmission-2,2777,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7938,no -2777-speaker_number_trends-2,2777,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7938,no -2777-vitality-2,2777,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7938,no +2777-LEI-1,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2777-vitality-1,2777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2777-LEI-2,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7963,no +2777-transmission-2,2777,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7963,no +2777-speaker_number_trends-2,2777,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7963,no +2777-vitality-2,2777,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is moribund, possibly extinct.",bib7963,no 2777-LEI-3,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2777-vitality-3,2777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2777-LEI-4,2777,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2777-vitality-4,2777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2778-context-1,2778,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waropen, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes +2778-context-1,2778,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waropen, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes 2778-location-1,2778,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.33, 136.79]]}",,,bib75,no -2778-location-2,2778,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central eastern coast of Cenderawasih Bay, northeast of Waren. Probably a dialect of the larger Baropasi language.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2778-location-2,2778,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central eastern coast of Cenderawasih Bay, northeast of Waren. Probably a dialect of the larger Baropasi language.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2778-location-3,2778,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 2778-speaker_number-1,2778,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2778-speakers-1,2778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2778-speaker_number-2,2778,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2778-speakers-2,2778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2778-speaker_number-2,2778,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2778-speakers-2,2778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2778-speaker_number-3,2778,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 2778-speakers-3,2778,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,no 2778-LEI-1,2778,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2778-vitality-1,2778,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2778-LEI-2,2778,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2778-speaker_number_trends-2,2778,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -2778-vitality-2,2778,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2778-LEI-2,2778,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2778-speaker_number_trends-2,2778,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +2778-vitality-2,2778,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2778-LEI-3,2778,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2778-vitality-3,2778,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2779-context-1,2779,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes -2779-location-1,2779,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1706, 139.7515]]}",,,bib5307,no -2779-location-2,2779,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 100km southwest of Lake Sentani, in northeastern Irian Jaya, on the Upper Nawa River, south of Lereh.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2779-context-1,2779,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes +2779-location-1,2779,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1706, 139.7515]]}",,,bib5330,no +2779-location-2,2779,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 100km southwest of Lake Sentani, in northeastern Irian Jaya, on the Upper Nawa River, south of Lereh.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2779-location-3,2779,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no -2779-speaker_number-1,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2779-speakers-1,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2779-speaker_number-2,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2779-speakers-2,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2779-speaker_number-1,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2779-speakers-1,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2779-speaker_number-2,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2779-speakers-2,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2779-speaker_number-3,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2779-speakers-3,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2779-speaker_number-4,2779,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no 2779-speakers-4,2779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2779-LEI-1,2779,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2779-vitality-1,2779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2779-LEI-2,2779,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2779-speaker_number_trends-2,2779,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2779-vitality-2,2779,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2779-LEI-1,2779,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2779-vitality-1,2779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2779-LEI-2,2779,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2779-speaker_number_trends-2,2779,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2779-vitality-2,2779,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2779-LEI-3,2779,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2779-vitality-3,2779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2779-LEI-4,2779,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2779-vitality-4,2779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2780-context-1,2780,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]""}",,,bib69,no -2780-context-2,2780,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"It is under pressure from Indonesian, because of the nearness of Senggi town.",bib7938,yes -2780-location-1,2780,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4339, 140.7685]]}",,,bib5307,no +2780-context-2,2780,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"It is under pressure from Indonesian, because of the nearness of Senggi town.",bib7963,yes +2780-location-1,2780,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4339, 140.7685]]}",,,bib5330,no 2780-location-2,2780,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, border area south of Jayapura, Senggi village.""}",,,bib69,no -2780-location-3,2780,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Senggi, Tomfor, and Umbekwai villages.""}",,,bib4545,no -2780-location-4,2780,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 100 km due south of Jayapura, near the border of Papua New Guinea, in northeastern Irian Jaya, near Senggi town.""}",,,bib7938,yes -2780-speaker_number-1,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2780-speakers-1,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2780-location-3,2780,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province: Senggi, Tomfor, and Umbekwai villages.""}",,,bib4566,no +2780-location-4,2780,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 100 km due south of Jayapura, near the border of Papua New Guinea, in northeastern Irian Jaya, near Senggi town.""}",,,bib7963,yes +2780-speaker_number-1,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2780-speakers-1,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2780-speaker_number-2,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 (2005 SIL). 0 monolinguals.,bib69,no 2780-speakers-2,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 (2005 SIL). 0 monolinguals.,bib69,no -2780-speaker_number-3,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All data from Voorhoeve (1971), using Galis (1956).",bib4545,no -2780-speakers-3,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1956"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All data from Voorhoeve (1971), using Galis (1956).",bib4545,no -2780-speaker_number-4,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2780-speakers-4,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2780-speaker_number-3,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All data from Voorhoeve (1971), using Galis (1956).",bib4566,no +2780-speakers-3,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1956"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All data from Voorhoeve (1971), using Galis (1956).",bib4566,no +2780-speaker_number-4,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2780-speakers-4,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2780-speaker_number-5,2780,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2780-speakers-5,2780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2780-LEI-1,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2780-vitality-1,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2780-LEI-1,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2780-vitality-1,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2780-LEI-2,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2780-vitality-2,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2780-LEI-3,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2780-vitality-3,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2780-LEI-4,2780,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2780-speaker_number_trends-4,2780,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -2780-vitality-4,2780,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2780-LEI-3,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2780-vitality-3,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2780-LEI-4,2780,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2780-speaker_number_trends-4,2780,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +2780-vitality-4,2780,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2780-LEI-5,2780,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2780-vitality-5,2780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2781-context-1,2781,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Masela, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2781-location-1,2781,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1136, 129.9023]]}",,,bib5307,no -2781-location-2,2781,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on northeast Masela Island, southeast of Babar Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2781-context-1,2781,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Masela, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2781-location-1,2781,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1136, 129.9023]]}",,,bib5330,no +2781-location-2,2781,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on northeast Masela Island, southeast of Babar Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2781-location-3,2781,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2781-speaker_number-1,2781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2781-speakers-1,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2781-speakers-2,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980""}",,,bib7938,no +2781-speaker_number-1,2781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2781-speakers-1,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2781-speakers-2,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980""}",,,bib7963,no 2781-speaker_number-3,2781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2781-speakers-3,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2781-speaker_number-4,2781,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. de Jonge (1980).,bib67,yes 2781-speakers-4,2781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. de Jonge (1980).,bib67,yes -2781-LEI-1,2781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2781-vitality-1,2781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2781-LEI-2,2781,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2781-speaker_number_trends-2,2781,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2781-vitality-2,2781,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2781-LEI-1,2781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2781-vitality-1,2781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2781-LEI-2,2781,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2781-speaker_number_trends-2,2781,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2781-vitality-2,2781,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2781-LEI-3,2781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2781-vitality-3,2781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2781-LEI-4,2781,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2781-vitality-4,2781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2782-context-1,2782,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Irianese Malay, Indonesian""}",,"The children are bilingual in Indonesian and tend to prefer it to Sobei. Intermarriage with members of other language groups is increasing, and Irianese Malay (Pasar Malay) is used with people from other language areas. Sobei speakers are beginning to shift to it.",bib7938,yes -2782-location-1,2782,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8632, 138.7408]]}",,,bib5307,no +2782-context-1,2782,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Irianese Malay, Indonesian""}",,"The children are bilingual in Indonesian and tend to prefer it to Sobei. Intermarriage with members of other language groups is increasing, and Irianese Malay (Pasar Malay) is used with people from other language areas. Sobei speakers are beginning to shift to it.",bib7963,yes +2782-location-1,2782,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8632, 138.7408]]}",,,bib5330,no 2782-location-2,2782,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.91666666667, 138.75]]}",,,bib216,no -2782-location-3,2782,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central north coast of Irian Jaya, at Ahus and at Sarmi, and in various dialectal forms on islands to the north of Sobei and Sarmi.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2782-location-3,2782,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the central north coast of Irian Jaya, at Ahus and at Sarmi, and in various dialectal forms on islands to the north of Sobei and Sarmi.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2782-location-4,2782,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua, Sarmi Regency, Sarmi subdistrict, north coast area east of Sarm""}",,,bib67,no -2782-speaker_number-1,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2782-speakers-1,2782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2782-speaker_number-2,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -2782-speakers-2,2782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2782-speaker_number-1,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2782-speakers-1,2782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2782-speaker_number-2,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +2782-speakers-2,2782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2782-speaker_number-3,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2782-speakers-3,2782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2782-speaker_number-4,2782,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000). Ethnic population data: (D. Tryon 2000),bib67,no 2782-speakers-4,2782,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000). Ethnic population data: (D. Tryon 2000),bib67,no -2782-LEI-1,2782,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2782-vitality-1,2782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2782-LEI-2,2782,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2782-speaker_number_trends-2,2782,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2782-vitality-2,2782,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2782-LEI-1,2782,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2782-vitality-1,2782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2782-LEI-2,2782,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2782-speaker_number_trends-2,2782,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2782-vitality-2,2782,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2782-LEI-3,2782,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2782-vitality-3,2782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2782-LEI-4,2782,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2782-vitality-4,2782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2783-context-1,2783,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,,bib69,no -2783-context-2,2783,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arso, Indonesian""}",,"The language is under pressure from Indonesian because of its nearness to Arso, and to the capital Jayapura. Especially the children are under strong pressure from Indonesian.",bib7938,yes -2783-location-1,2783,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8429, 140.846]]}",,,bib5307,no +2783-context-2,2783,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arso, Indonesian""}",,"The language is under pressure from Indonesian because of its nearness to Arso, and to the capital Jayapura. Especially the children are under strong pressure from Indonesian.",bib7963,yes +2783-location-1,2783,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8429, 140.846]]}",,,bib5330,no 2783-location-2,2783,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, due south of Jayapura, northeast border area.""}",,,bib69,no -2783-location-3,2783,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Arso, Bagia, Bate, Birne?, Girere, Girwago, Gwimi, Kwana, Sagware, Sawiatami, Wambes, and Wor.""}",,,bib4545,no -2783-location-4,2783,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 50km south of Jayapura on the Upper Tami River around Arso town near the Papua New Guinea border.""}",,,bib7938,yes -2783-speaker_number-1,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2783-speakers-1,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2783-location-3,2783,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""12 villages: Arso, Bagia, Bate, Birne?, Girere, Girwago, Gwimi, Kwana, Sagware, Sawiatami, Wambes, and Wor.""}",,,bib4566,no +2783-location-4,2783,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken about 50km south of Jayapura on the Upper Tami River around Arso town near the Papua New Guinea border.""}",,,bib7963,yes +2783-speaker_number-1,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2783-speakers-1,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2783-speaker_number-2,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no 2783-speakers-2,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm 2000),bib69,no -2783-speaker_number-3,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -2783-speakers-3,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1961"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -2783-speaker_number-4,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1978, 600 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer now.",bib7938,yes -2783-speakers-4,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1978, 600 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer now.",bib7938,yes +2783-speaker_number-3,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +2783-speakers-3,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1961"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +2783-speaker_number-4,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1978, 600 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer now.",bib7963,yes +2783-speakers-4,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1978, 600 speakers were reported. There are probably fewer now.",bib7963,yes 2783-speaker_number-5,2783,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2783-speakers-5,2783,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2783-LEI-1,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2783-vitality-1,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2783-LEI-1,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2783-vitality-1,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2783-LEI-2,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 2783-vitality-2,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -2783-LEI-3,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -2783-vitality-3,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -2783-LEI-4,2783,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2783-speaker_number_trends-4,2783,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -2783-vitality-4,2783,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2783-LEI-3,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +2783-vitality-3,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +2783-LEI-4,2783,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2783-speaker_number_trends-4,2783,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +2783-vitality-4,2783,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2783-LEI-5,2783,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2783-vitality-5,2783,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2784-context-1,2784,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community has switched to Indonesian.""}",,,bib3543,yes -2784-location-1,2784,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""In central Sulawesi, near Petapa."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.803, 120.084]]}",,,bib3543,yes -2784-location-2,2784,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""On the east coast of the extreme southern end of the narrow neck connecting the central bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. Close to Ampibabo and Parigi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2784-context-1,2784,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian is used in most domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community has switched to Indonesian.""}",,,bib3561,yes +2784-location-1,2784,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""In central Sulawesi, near Petapa."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.803, 120.084]]}",,,bib3561,yes +2784-location-2,2784,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""On the east coast of the extreme southern end of the narrow neck connecting the central bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. Close to Ampibabo and Parigi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2784-location-3,2784,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sulawesi, Ampibabo subdistrict, Tanampedagi village; Sindue subdistrict near Sipeso""}",,,bib67,no 2784-speaker_number-1,2784,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2784-speakers-1,2784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2784-speaker_number-2,2784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Himmelmann, while most sources list 350 speakers, most Taje say they can't speak the language well. Intergenerational transmission is rare. There may be only a few elderly speakers left",bib3543,yes -2784-speakers-2,2784,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Himmelmann, while most sources list 350 speakers, most Taje say they can't speak the language well. Intergenerational transmission is rare. There may be only a few elderly speakers left",bib3543,yes -2784-speaker_number-3,2784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 200 persons whose parents were both Taje live in a village near Parigi. Considerably more know some Taje because one of their parents was Taje. However, most speakers do not know the language well, except for one old man. The language is heavily influenced by neighbouring languages. One hundred and fifty more had to be resettled near Ampibabo, 50km north of Parigi, and about thirty more even further north. The language was regarded as nearly extinct in 1902 by a visiting linguist, and is now certainly moribund and nearly extinct.",bib7938,no -2784-speakers-3,2784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~200""}",,"About 200 persons whose parents were both Taje live in a village near Parigi. Considerably more know some Taje because one of their parents was Taje. However, most speakers do not know the language well, except for one old man. The language is heavily influenced by neighbouring languages. One hundred and fifty more had to be resettled near Ampibabo, 50km north of Parigi, and about thirty more even further north. The language was regarded as nearly extinct in 1902 by a visiting linguist, and is now certainly moribund and nearly extinct.",bib7938,no +2784-speaker_number-2,2784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Himmelmann, while most sources list 350 speakers, most Taje say they can't speak the language well. Intergenerational transmission is rare. There may be only a few elderly speakers left",bib3561,yes +2784-speakers-2,2784,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Himmelmann, while most sources list 350 speakers, most Taje say they can't speak the language well. Intergenerational transmission is rare. There may be only a few elderly speakers left",bib3561,yes +2784-speaker_number-3,2784,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 200 persons whose parents were both Taje live in a village near Parigi. Considerably more know some Taje because one of their parents was Taje. However, most speakers do not know the language well, except for one old man. The language is heavily influenced by neighbouring languages. One hundred and fifty more had to be resettled near Ampibabo, 50km north of Parigi, and about thirty more even further north. The language was regarded as nearly extinct in 1902 by a visiting linguist, and is now certainly moribund and nearly extinct.",bib7963,no +2784-speakers-3,2784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~200""}",,"About 200 persons whose parents were both Taje live in a village near Parigi. Considerably more know some Taje because one of their parents was Taje. However, most speakers do not know the language well, except for one old man. The language is heavily influenced by neighbouring languages. One hundred and fifty more had to be resettled near Ampibabo, 50km north of Parigi, and about thirty more even further north. The language was regarded as nearly extinct in 1902 by a visiting linguist, and is now certainly moribund and nearly extinct.",bib7963,no 2784-speaker_number-4,2784,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2784-speakers-4,2784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2784-LEI-1,2784,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2784-vitality-1,2784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2784-LEI-2,2784,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -2784-transmission-2,2784,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3543,yes -2784-domains_of_use-2,2784,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3543,yes -2784-speaker_number_trends-2,2784,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3543,yes -2784-vitality-2,2784,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes -2784-LEI-3,2784,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2784-transmission-3,2784,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2784-speaker_number_trends-3,2784,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2784-vitality-3,2784,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2784-LEI-2,2784,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +2784-transmission-2,2784,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3561,yes +2784-domains_of_use-2,2784,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3561,yes +2784-speaker_number_trends-2,2784,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3561,yes +2784-vitality-2,2784,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes +2784-LEI-3,2784,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2784-transmission-3,2784,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2784-speaker_number_trends-3,2784,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2784-vitality-3,2784,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2784-LEI-4,2784,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2784-vitality-4,2784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2786-context-1,2786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3543,yes -2786-context-2,2786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2786-location-1,2786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Kasimbar and Tada."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.155, 120.004], [-0.045, 120.056]]}",,,bib3543,yes -2786-location-2,2786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east coast of the central part of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. One part of them is located near Kasimbar, and another further north near Tada.""}",,,bib7938,no +2786-context-1,2786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca.""}",,,bib3561,yes +2786-context-2,2786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2786-location-1,2786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. Near Kasimbar and Tada."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.155, 120.004], [-0.045, 120.056]]}",,,bib3561,yes +2786-location-2,2786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the east coast of the central part of the narrow neck connecting the bulk of Sulawesi with its northeastern peninsula. One part of them is located near Kasimbar, and another further north near Tada.""}",,,bib7963,no 2786-location-3,2786,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sulawesi; Ampibabo, Tinombo, and Sindue subdistricts""}",,,bib67,no 2786-speaker_number-1,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2786-speakers-1,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2786-speaker_number-2,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3543,yes -2786-speakers-2,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3543,yes -2786-speaker_number-3,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7938,no -2786-speakers-3,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000 12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991, 2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7938,no +2786-speaker_number-2,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3561,yes +2786-speakers-2,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3561,yes +2786-speaker_number-3,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7963,no +2786-speakers-3,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000 12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991, 2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7963,no 2786-speaker_number-4,2786,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2786-speakers-4,2786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2786-LEI-1,2786,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2786-vitality-1,2786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2786-LEI-2,2786,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -2786-transmission-2,2786,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,yes -2786-domains_of_use-2,2786,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,yes -2786-speaker_number_trends-2,2786,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3543,yes -2786-vitality-2,2786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes -2786-LEI-3,2786,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no -2786-speaker_number_trends-3,2786,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no -2786-vitality-3,2786,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7938,no +2786-LEI-2,2786,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +2786-transmission-2,2786,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,yes +2786-domains_of_use-2,2786,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,yes +2786-speaker_number_trends-2,2786,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3561,yes +2786-vitality-2,2786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes +2786-LEI-3,2786,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no +2786-speaker_number_trends-3,2786,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no +2786-vitality-3,2786,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Near Kasimbar, the Tajio villages are sur- rounded by villages of speakers of other languages. Near Tada, there is no space for new migrants to settle there, and relatively few of the children go to towns for further education and bring back Indonesian linguistic influence, at least for the time being. There the language is safe now, but would have to be regarded as potentially endangered.",bib7963,no 2786-LEI-4,2786,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2786-vitality-4,2786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2787-context-1,2787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muna, Indonesian""}",,"High level of bilingualism in the large Muna language, and there is pressure from Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2787-location-1,2787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5928, 122.8628]]}",,,bib5307,no -2787-location-2,2787,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwest coast of Buton Island located to the south of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2787-context-1,2787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Muna, Indonesian""}",,"High level of bilingualism in the large Muna language, and there is pressure from Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2787-location-1,2787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5928, 122.8628]]}",,,bib5330,no +2787-location-2,2787,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northwest coast of Buton Island located to the south of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2787-location-3,2787,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Sulawesi, northwest coast Buton Island, Wakorumba subdistrict, Maligano village;""}",,,bib67,yes -2787-speaker_number-1,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2787-speakers-1,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2787-speaker_number-2,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2787-speakers-2,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2787-speaker_number-1,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2787-speakers-1,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2787-speaker_number-2,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2787-speakers-2,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2787-speaker_number-3,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2787-speakers-3,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2787-speaker_number-4,2787,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes 2787-speakers-4,2787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes -2787-LEI-1,2787,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2787-vitality-1,2787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2787-LEI-2,2787,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2787-speaker_number_trends-2,2787,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2787-vitality-2,2787,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2787-LEI-1,2787,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2787-vitality-1,2787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2787-LEI-2,2787,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2787-speaker_number_trends-2,2787,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2787-vitality-2,2787,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2787-LEI-3,2787,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2787-vitality-3,2787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2787-LEI-4,2787,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2787-vitality-4,2787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2788-context-1,2788,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mamuju, Indonesian""}",,"It is under pressure from larger neighbouring languages such as Mamuju, and from Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2788-location-1,2788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3723, 119.3774]]}",,,bib5307,no -2788-location-2,2788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern part of the non-peninsular bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2788-context-1,2788,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mamuju, Indonesian""}",,"It is under pressure from larger neighbouring languages such as Mamuju, and from Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2788-location-1,2788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.3723, 119.3774]]}",,,bib5330,no +2788-location-2,2788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southwestern part of the non-peninsular bulk of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2788-location-3,2788,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Sulawesi, Talondo and Pedasi villages; Mamuju District, Kalumpang subdistrict. 1 village""}",,,bib67,yes -2788-speaker_number-1,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2788-speakers-1,2788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2788-speaker_number-2,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2788-speakers-2,2788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2788-speaker_number-1,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2788-speakers-1,2788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2788-speaker_number-2,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2788-speakers-2,2788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2788-speaker_number-3,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2788-speakers-3,2788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2788-speaker_number-4,2788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (2004 SIL),bib67,yes 2788-speakers-4,2788,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (2004 SIL),bib67,yes -2788-LEI-1,2788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2788-vitality-1,2788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2788-LEI-2,2788,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2788-speaker_number_trends-2,2788,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2788-vitality-2,2788,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2788-LEI-1,2788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2788-vitality-1,2788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2788-LEI-2,2788,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2788-speaker_number_trends-2,2788,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2788-vitality-2,2788,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2788-LEI-3,2788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2788-vitality-3,2788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2788-LEI-4,2788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2788-vitality-4,2788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2789-context-1,2789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wandamen""}",,,bib7938,no -2789-location-1,2789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8552, 134.522]]}",,,bib5307,no -2789-location-2,2789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Bird\u2019s Head neck area just south of Wandamen Peninsula.""}",,,bib7938,no +2789-context-1,2789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wandamen""}",,,bib7963,no +2789-location-1,2789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8552, 134.522]]}",,,bib5330,no +2789-location-2,2789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Bird\u2019s Head neck area just south of Wandamen Peninsula.""}",,,bib7963,no 2789-location-3,2789,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Bird\u2019s Head neck area just south of Wandamen Peninsula, Wohsimi River""}",,,bib67,yes 2789-speaker_number-1,2789,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2789-speakers-1,2789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2789-speaker_number-2,2789,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,no -2789-speakers-2,2789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""2""}",,,bib7938,no +2789-speaker_number-2,2789,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,no +2789-speakers-2,2789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""2""}",,,bib7963,no 2789-speaker_number-3,2789,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes 2789-speakers-3,2789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes 2789-LEI-1,2789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2789-vitality-1,2789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2789-LEI-2,2789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7938,no -2789-transmission-2,2789,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7938,no -2789-speaker_number_trends-2,2789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7938,no -2789-vitality-2,2789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7938,no +2789-LEI-2,2789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7963,no +2789-transmission-2,2789,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7963,no +2789-speaker_number_trends-2,2789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7963,no +2789-vitality-2,2789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Had two elderly speakers in 1991, but is now probably extinct with the speakers shifting to the Wandamen language.",bib7963,no 2789-LEI-3,2789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2789-vitality-3,2789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2790-context-1,2790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sentani, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,yes +2790-context-1,2790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sentani, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,yes 2790-location-1,2790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.38, 139.97]]}",,,bib75,no -2790-location-2,2790,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern coast area of Irian Jaya, west of Sentani Lake.""}",,,bib7938,yes -2790-speaker_number-1,2790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2790-speakers-1,2790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes -2790-LEI-1,2790,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2790-speaker_number_trends-1,2790,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2790-vitality-1,2790,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes -2791-context-1,2791,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fayu""}",,"Bilingualism in Fayu is present especially with the young generation, and pressure is exerted upon the language by it. No Indonesian spoken.",bib7938,no -2791-location-1,2791,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8744, 136.2469]]}",,,bib5307,no -2791-location-2,2791,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of the juncture of the Tariku (Dou) and Muyabe (Fou) rivers, north of the upper Rouffaer River, around Deraposi, in the western central part of non-peninsular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2790-location-2,2790,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northeastern coast area of Irian Jaya, west of Sentani Lake.""}",,,bib7963,yes +2790-speaker_number-1,2790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2790-speakers-1,2790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""564"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes +2790-LEI-1,2790,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2790-speaker_number_trends-1,2790,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2790-vitality-1,2790,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes +2791-context-1,2791,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fayu""}",,"Bilingualism in Fayu is present especially with the young generation, and pressure is exerted upon the language by it. No Indonesian spoken.",bib7963,no +2791-location-1,2791,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8744, 136.2469]]}",,,bib5330,no +2791-location-2,2791,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of the juncture of the Tariku (Dou) and Muyabe (Fou) rivers, north of the upper Rouffaer River, around Deraposi, in the western central part of non-peninsular Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2791-location-3,2791,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""West Lakes Plain (Paniai), southwest of Danau Bira, Deraposi area, northeast of Fayu [fau], northwest of Edopi [dbf].""}",,,bib67,yes -2791-speaker_number-1,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2791-speakers-1,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2791-speaker_number-2,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2791-speakers-2,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2791-speaker_number-1,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2791-speakers-1,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2791-speaker_number-2,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2791-speakers-2,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2791-speaker_number-3,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2791-speakers-3,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2791-speaker_number-4,2791,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2791-speakers-4,2791,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2791-LEI-1,2791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2791-vitality-1,2791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2791-LEI-2,2791,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2791-speaker_number_trends-2,2791,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7938,no -2791-vitality-2,2791,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2791-LEI-1,2791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2791-vitality-1,2791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2791-LEI-2,2791,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2791-speaker_number_trends-2,2791,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7963,no +2791-vitality-2,2791,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2791-LEI-3,2791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2791-vitality-3,2791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2791-LEI-4,2791,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2791-vitality-4,2791,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2792-context-1,2792,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,,bib7938,no -2792-location-1,2792,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9809, 129.1394]]}",,,bib5307,no -2792-location-2,2792,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Now spoken in a transmigration area in south and central Seram Island (originally on Te\u2019un Island in south central Maluku).""}",,,bib7938,no +2792-context-1,2792,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambon Malay""}",,,bib7963,no +2792-location-1,2792,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9809, 129.1394]]}",,,bib5330,no +2792-location-2,2792,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Maluku""], ""Description"": ""Now spoken in a transmigration area in south and central Seram Island (originally on Te\u2019un Island in south central Maluku).""}",,,bib7963,no 2792-location-3,2792,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Maluku, south central Seram Island transmigration area""}",,,bib67,yes -2792-speaker_number-1,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2792-speakers-1,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2792-speaker_number-2,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"They were moved to Seram Island because of volcanic activity on Te’un Island. This transmigration put pressure on the language, as did Ambon Malay. It is now endangered.",bib7938,no -2792-speakers-2,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"They were moved to Seram Island because of volcanic activity on Te’un Island. This transmigration put pressure on the language, as did Ambon Malay. It is now endangered.",bib7938,no +2792-speaker_number-1,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2792-speakers-1,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2792-speaker_number-2,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"They were moved to Seram Island because of volcanic activity on Te’un Island. This transmigration put pressure on the language, as did Ambon Malay. It is now endangered.",bib7963,no +2792-speakers-2,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"They were moved to Seram Island because of volcanic activity on Te’un Island. This transmigration put pressure on the language, as did Ambon Malay. It is now endangered.",bib7963,no 2792-speaker_number-3,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2792-speakers-3,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2792-speaker_number-4,2792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (1990 SIL), decreasing",bib67,yes 2792-speakers-4,2792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (1990 SIL), decreasing",bib67,yes -2792-LEI-1,2792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2792-vitality-1,2792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2792-LEI-2,2792,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2792-speaker_number_trends-2,2792,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2792-vitality-2,2792,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2792-LEI-1,2792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2792-vitality-1,2792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2792-LEI-2,2792,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2792-speaker_number_trends-2,2792,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2792-vitality-2,2792,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2792-LEI-3,2792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2792-vitality-3,2792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2792-LEI-4,2792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2792-vitality-4,2792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2793-context-1,2793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib3543,yes -2793-location-1,2793,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. On a continuous stretch of shore between Tomini and Moutong."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.0564, 120.551], [0.519, 120.803]]}",,,bib3543,yes -2793-location-2,2793,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the south coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, in its extreme western part where it joins the narrow neck which links the peninsula to the bulk of Sulawesi. One part of Tialo is spoken east of Tomini town, the other to the west of Moutong town.""}",,,bib7938,no +2793-context-1,2793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Kaili"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally negative."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib3561,yes +2793-location-1,2793,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""On Sulawesi. On a continuous stretch of shore between Tomini and Moutong."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.0564, 120.551], [0.519, 120.803]]}",,,bib3561,yes +2793-location-2,2793,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Sulawesi, on the south coast of the northeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, in its extreme western part where it joins the narrow neck which links the peninsula to the bulk of Sulawesi. One part of Tialo is spoken east of Tomini town, the other to the west of Moutong town.""}",,,bib7963,no 2793-location-3,2793,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sulawesi; Moutong, Tomini, Tinombo subdistricts along Tomini Bay. 42 villages""}",,,bib67,no 2793-speaker_number-1,2793,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2793-speakers-1,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2793-speaker_number-2,2793,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker numbers for Tomini are unreliable in general. Actual speaker numbers may be 10,000 higher or 10,000 lower than what is given here.",bib3543,yes -2793-speakers-2,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker numbers for Tomini are unreliable in general. Actual speaker numbers may be 10,000 higher or 10,000 lower than what is given here.",bib3543,yes -2793-speakers-3,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,000 30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992, 2007""}",,,bib7938,no +2793-speaker_number-2,2793,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker numbers for Tomini are unreliable in general. Actual speaker numbers may be 10,000 higher or 10,000 lower than what is given here.",bib3561,yes +2793-speakers-2,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker numbers for Tomini are unreliable in general. Actual speaker numbers may be 10,000 higher or 10,000 lower than what is given here.",bib3561,yes +2793-speakers-3,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,000 30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992, 2007""}",,,bib7963,no 2793-speaker_number-4,2793,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2793-speakers-4,2793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (Himmelmann 2001),bib67,no 2793-LEI-1,2793,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2793-vitality-1,2793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2793-LEI-2,2793,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3543,yes -2793-transmission-2,2793,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3543,yes -2793-domains_of_use-2,2793,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3543,yes -2793-speaker_number_trends-2,2793,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3543,yes -2793-vitality-2,2793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3543,yes -2793-LEI-3,2793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7938,no -2793-speaker_number_trends-3,2793,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7938,no -2793-vitality-3,2793,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7938,no +2793-LEI-2,2793,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3561,yes +2793-transmission-2,2793,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3561,yes +2793-domains_of_use-2,2793,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3561,yes +2793-speaker_number_trends-2,2793,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3561,yes +2793-vitality-2,2793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3561,yes +2793-LEI-3,2793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7963,no +2793-speaker_number_trends-3,2793,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7963,no +2793-vitality-3,2793,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There are very large transmigration projects right behind many Tialo vil- lages, with the transmigrants outnumbering the Tialo. So far, this pattern of settlement has not affected Tialo language usage very much, but is likely to do so with improved transportation facilities.",bib7963,no 2793-LEI-4,2793,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2793-vitality-4,2793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2794-context-1,2794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"It has been under very great pressure from Indonesian, due to its closeness to the capital.",bib7938,yes +2794-context-1,2794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"It has been under very great pressure from Indonesian, due to its closeness to the capital.",bib7963,yes 2794-context-2,2794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Papuan Malay""}",,,bib67,no -2794-location-1,2794,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6059, 140.7997]]}",,,bib5307,no +2794-location-1,2794,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6059, 140.7997]]}",,,bib5330,no 2794-location-2,2794,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.58333333333, 140.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2794-location-3,2794,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jayapura Bay, close to Jayapura, the capital of Irian Jaya, especially southeast of it.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2794-location-3,2794,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jayapura Bay, close to Jayapura, the capital of Irian Jaya, especially southeast of it.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2794-location-4,2794,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Jayapura Bay, near Jayapura, Tobati, Enggros, Entrop, Kota Raja, Tanah Hitam villages.""}",,,bib67,no -2794-speaker_number-1,2794,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2794-speakers-1,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2794-speaker_number-2,2794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2794-speakers-2,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2794-speaker_number-1,2794,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2794-speakers-1,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2794-speaker_number-2,2794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2794-speakers-2,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2794-speaker_number-3,2794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2794-speakers-3,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2794-speaker_number-4,2794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (M. Donohue 1998),bib67,no 2794-speakers-4,2794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (M. Donohue 1998),bib67,no -2794-LEI-1,2794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2794-vitality-1,2794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2794-LEI-2,2794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2794-speaker_number_trends-2,2794,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -2794-vitality-2,2794,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2794-LEI-1,2794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2794-vitality-1,2794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2794-LEI-2,2794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2794-speaker_number_trends-2,2794,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +2794-vitality-2,2794,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2794-LEI-3,2794,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2794-vitality-3,2794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2794-LEI-4,2794,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2794-vitality-4,2794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2795-context-1,2795,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaure, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2795-location-1,2795,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5675, 140.7925]]}",,,bib5307,no -2795-location-2,2795,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village about 100km south-southwest of Jayapura just east of the Nawa River, just north ot its junction with the Upper Idenburg River, in northeastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7938,no +2795-context-1,2795,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kaure, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2795-location-1,2795,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5675, 140.7925]]}",,,bib5330,no +2795-location-2,2795,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village about 100km south-southwest of Jayapura just east of the Nawa River, just north ot its junction with the Upper Idenburg River, in northeastern Irian Jaya.""}",,,bib7963,no 2795-location-3,2795,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua: South Jayapuraborder area, Keerom Regency, Senggi subdistrict, Tofanma Satu, Tofanma Dua, and most of Namla villages.""}",,,bib67,no -2795-speaker_number-1,2795,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2795-speakers-1,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2795-speaker_number-2,2795,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -2795-speakers-2,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""251"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes -2795-speaker_number-3,2795,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2795-speakers-3,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2795-speaker_number-1,2795,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2795-speakers-1,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2795-speaker_number-2,2795,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +2795-speakers-2,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""251"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes +2795-speaker_number-3,2795,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2795-speakers-3,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2795-speaker_number-4,2795,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2795-speakers-4,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2795-speaker_number-5,2795,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2795-speakers-5,2795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2795-LEI-1,2795,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2795-vitality-1,2795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2795-LEI-2,2795,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,yes -2795-transmission-2,2795,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3266,yes -2795-vitality-2,2795,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3266,yes -2795-LEI-3,2795,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2795-speaker_number_trends-3,2795,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2795-vitality-3,2795,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2795-LEI-1,2795,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2795-vitality-1,2795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2795-LEI-2,2795,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,yes +2795-transmission-2,2795,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3282,yes +2795-vitality-2,2795,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3282,yes +2795-LEI-3,2795,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2795-speaker_number_trends-3,2795,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2795-vitality-3,2795,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2795-LEI-4,2795,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2795-vitality-4,2795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2795-LEI-5,2795,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2795-vitality-5,2795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2796-context-1,2796,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bungku""}",,,bib7938,no -2796-location-1,2796,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5836, 121.9729]]}",,,bib5307,no -2796-location-2,2796,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northern part of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi near Bungku town.""}",,,bib7938,no +2796-context-1,2796,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bungku""}",,,bib7963,no +2796-location-1,2796,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5836, 121.9729]]}",,,bib5330,no +2796-location-2,2796,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the northern part of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi near Bungku town.""}",,,bib7963,no 2796-location-3,2796,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2796-speaker_number-1,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2796-speakers-1,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2796-speaker_number-2,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2796-speakers-2,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2796-speaker_number-1,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2796-speakers-1,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2796-speaker_number-2,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2796-speakers-2,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2796-speaker_number-3,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2796-speakers-3,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2796-speaker_number-4,2796,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes 2796-speakers-4,2796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes -2796-LEI-1,2796,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2796-vitality-1,2796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2796-LEI-2,2796,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7938,no -2796-speaker_number_trends-2,2796,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7938,no -2796-vitality-2,2796,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7938,no +2796-LEI-1,2796,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2796-vitality-1,2796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2796-LEI-2,2796,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7963,no +2796-speaker_number_trends-2,2796,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7963,no +2796-vitality-2,2796,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,People tend to use the large Bungku language as mother tongue and are shifting to it.,bib7963,no 2796-LEI-3,2796,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2796-vitality-3,2796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2796-LEI-4,2796,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2796-vitality-4,2796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2797-context-1,2797,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pamona, Indonesian""}",,,bib7938,no -2797-location-1,2797,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5315, 121.9454]]}",,,bib5307,no -2797-location-2,2797,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the far northern parts of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7938,no +2797-context-1,2797,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pamona, Indonesian""}",,,bib7963,no +2797-location-1,2797,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5315, 121.9454]]}",,,bib5330,no +2797-location-2,2797,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the far northern parts of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi.""}",,,bib7963,no 2797-location-3,2797,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central Sulawesi, Bungku Tengah subdistrict. 4 villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -2797-speaker_number-1,2797,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2797-speakers-1,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2797-speakers-2,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"Indonesian is much used as a second language and puts pressure on it, and the Tombelala consider themselves as Pamona who speak the large Pamona language, though Tombelala has only 66–76 per cent lexical similarity to the various Pamona dialects.",bib7938,no +2797-speaker_number-1,2797,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2797-speakers-1,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2797-speakers-2,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"Indonesian is much used as a second language and puts pressure on it, and the Tombelala consider themselves as Pamona who speak the large Pamona language, though Tombelala has only 66–76 per cent lexical similarity to the various Pamona dialects.",bib7963,no 2797-speaker_number-3,2797,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2797-speakers-3,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2797-speaker_number-4,2797,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes 2797-speakers-4,2797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (1995 SIL),bib67,yes -2797-LEI-1,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2797-vitality-1,2797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2797-LEI-2,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2797-speaker_number_trends-2,2797,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2797-vitality-2,2797,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2797-LEI-1,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2797-vitality-1,2797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2797-LEI-2,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2797-speaker_number_trends-2,2797,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2797-vitality-2,2797,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2797-LEI-3,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2797-vitality-3,2797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2797-LEI-4,2797,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2797-vitality-4,2797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2798-context-1,2798,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,"Their number is decreasing, and language use is declining because of the influence of Malay used by an increasing number of outsiders.",bib7938,no -2798-location-1,2798,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6105, 134.2776]]}",,,bib5307,no -2798-location-2,2798,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku, Aru Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Ujir Island in the northwest corner of the Aru Islands, and on the end of the western peninsula on Wokam Island there.""}",,,bib7938,no +2798-context-1,2798,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,"Their number is decreasing, and language use is declining because of the influence of Malay used by an increasing number of outsiders.",bib7963,no +2798-location-1,2798,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6105, 134.2776]]}",,,bib5330,no +2798-location-2,2798,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: South Maluku, Aru Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Ujir Island in the northwest corner of the Aru Islands, and on the end of the western peninsula on Wokam Island there.""}",,,bib7963,no 2798-location-3,2798,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""South Maluku, northwest Aru Islands, Ujir on Ujir Island, Samang on Wokam Island west peninsula tip""}",,,bib67,yes -2798-speaker_number-1,2798,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2798-speakers-1,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2798-speaker_number-2,2798,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2798-speakers-2,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2798-speaker_number-1,2798,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2798-speakers-1,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2798-speaker_number-2,2798,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2798-speakers-2,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2798-speaker_number-3,2798,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2798-speakers-3,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2798-speaker_number-4,2798,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (J. Hughes 1995),bib67,yes 2798-speakers-4,2798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (J. Hughes 1995),bib67,yes -2798-LEI-1,2798,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2798-vitality-1,2798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2798-LEI-2,2798,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2798-speaker_number_trends-2,2798,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2798-vitality-2,2798,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2798-LEI-1,2798,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2798-vitality-1,2798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2798-LEI-2,2798,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2798-speaker_number_trends-2,2798,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2798-vitality-2,2798,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2798-LEI-3,2798,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2798-vitality-3,2798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2798-LEI-4,2798,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2798-vitality-4,2798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2799-context-1,2799,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib3266,yes -2799-context-2,2799,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language seems to be under great pressure from Indonesian, and is considered to be seriously endangered by Indonesian linguists.",bib7938,no -2799-location-1,2799,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5449, 140.7499]]}",,,bib5307,no -2799-location-2,2799,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib3266,yes -2799-location-3,2799,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village about 50km south of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7938,no +2799-context-1,2799,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,,bib3282,yes +2799-context-2,2799,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language seems to be under great pressure from Indonesian, and is considered to be seriously endangered by Indonesian linguists.",bib7963,no +2799-location-1,2799,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5449, 140.7499]]}",,,bib5330,no +2799-location-2,2799,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib3282,yes +2799-location-3,2799,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a village about 50km south of Jayapura.""}",,,bib7963,no 2799-location-4,2799,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua: South of Jayapura, Usku village; west of Namla [naa], south of Molof [msl] areas""}",,,bib67,no -2799-speaker_number-1,2799,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2799-speakers-1,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2799-speaker_number-2,2799,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -2799-speakers-2,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes -2799-speaker_number-3,2799,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Information concerning the number of speakers is contradictory, and ranges from 160 (1991, which may be the ethnic group or the population of the village), to as low as twenty.",bib7938,no -2799-speakers-3,2799,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Information concerning the number of speakers is contradictory, and ranges from 160 (1991, which may be the ethnic group or the population of the village), to as low as twenty.",bib7938,no +2799-speaker_number-1,2799,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2799-speakers-1,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2799-speaker_number-2,2799,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +2799-speakers-2,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes +2799-speaker_number-3,2799,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Information concerning the number of speakers is contradictory, and ranges from 160 (1991, which may be the ethnic group or the population of the village), to as low as twenty.",bib7963,no +2799-speakers-3,2799,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Information concerning the number of speakers is contradictory, and ranges from 160 (1991, which may be the ethnic group or the population of the village), to as low as twenty.",bib7963,no 2799-speaker_number-4,2799,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2799-speakers-4,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2799-speaker_number-5,2799,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (2004 SIL),bib67,no 2799-speakers-5,2799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (2004 SIL),bib67,no -2799-LEI-1,2799,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2799-vitality-1,2799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2799-LEI-2,2799,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3266,yes -2799-transmission-2,2799,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3266,yes -2799-vitality-2,2799,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3266,yes -2799-LEI-3,2799,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2799-speaker_number_trends-3,2799,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2799-vitality-3,2799,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2799-LEI-1,2799,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2799-vitality-1,2799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2799-LEI-2,2799,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3282,yes +2799-transmission-2,2799,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3282,yes +2799-vitality-2,2799,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The younger generation is just as strong in Indonesian as it is in Afra, which points to a weakening of the vernacular.",bib3282,yes +2799-LEI-3,2799,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2799-speaker_number_trends-3,2799,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2799-vitality-3,2799,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2799-LEI-4,2799,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2799-vitality-4,2799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2799-LEI-5,2799,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2799-vitality-5,2799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2800-context-1,2800,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Western Dani, Indonesian""}",,"Wano is under pressure from the neighbouring very large Western Dani language, and is also losing its trade language status. Indonesian is also beginning to play a role.",bib7938,no -2800-location-1,2800,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5463, 137.9058]]}",,,bib5307,no -2800-location-2,2800,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands area, on the Upper Tariku (Dou) River which is there known as the Yamo River. Lingua franca and trade language in the area.""}",,,bib7938,no +2800-context-1,2800,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Western Dani, Indonesian""}",,"Wano is under pressure from the neighbouring very large Western Dani language, and is also losing its trade language status. Indonesian is also beginning to play a role.",bib7963,no +2800-location-1,2800,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5463, 137.9058]]}",,,bib5330,no +2800-location-2,2800,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central highlands area, on the Upper Tariku (Dou) River which is there known as the Yamo River. Lingua franca and trade language in the area.""}",,,bib7963,no 2800-location-3,2800,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia, Papua""], ""Description"": ""Central highlands area, upper Rouffaer River basin north of Damal, northwest of Dem, south of Kirikiri, Iau and Duvele, east of Moni, west of Western Dani""}",,,bib67,yes -2800-speaker_number-1,2800,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2800-speakers-1,2800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2800-speakers-2,2800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib7938,no +2800-speaker_number-1,2800,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2800-speakers-1,2800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2800-speakers-2,2800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib7963,no 2800-speaker_number-3,2800,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2800-speakers-3,2800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2800-speaker_number-4,2800,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (2001 SIL), decreasing.",bib67,yes 2800-speakers-4,2800,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: (2001 SIL), decreasing.",bib67,yes -2800-LEI-1,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2800-vitality-1,2800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2800-LEI-2,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2800-speaker_number_trends-2,2800,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2800-vitality-2,2800,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2800-LEI-1,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2800-vitality-1,2800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2800-LEI-2,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2800-speaker_number_trends-2,2800,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2800-vitality-2,2800,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2800-LEI-3,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2800-vitality-3,2800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2800-LEI-4,2800,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2800-vitality-4,2800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2801-context-1,2801,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language is under pressure from Indonesian, especially the children.",bib7938,no -2801-location-1,2801,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2173, 138.4497]]}",,,bib5307,no -2801-location-2,2801,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Lakes Plain near Taive, on a southern tributary of the lower Idenburg River which joins the latter about 10km east of where the Rouffaer River joins the Idenburg River.""}",,,bib7938,no +2801-context-1,2801,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The language is under pressure from Indonesian, especially the children.",bib7963,no +2801-location-1,2801,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.2173, 138.4497]]}",,,bib5330,no +2801-location-2,2801,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Lakes Plain near Taive, on a southern tributary of the lower Idenburg River which joins the latter about 10km east of where the Rouffaer River joins the Idenburg River.""}",,,bib7963,no 2801-location-3,2801,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Lakes Plain area around Taiyeve""}",,,bib67,yes -2801-speaker_number-1,2801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2801-speakers-1,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2801-speaker_number-2,2801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are conflicting reports of the number of its speakers, which range from 50–75 to about 300.",bib7938,no -2801-speakers-2,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are conflicting reports of the number of its speakers, which range from 50–75 to about 300.",bib7938,no +2801-speaker_number-1,2801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2801-speakers-1,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2801-speaker_number-2,2801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are conflicting reports of the number of its speakers, which range from 50–75 to about 300.",bib7963,no +2801-speakers-2,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are conflicting reports of the number of its speakers, which range from 50–75 to about 300.",bib7963,no 2801-speaker_number-3,2801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2801-speakers-3,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2801-speaker_number-4,2801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2801-speakers-4,2801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (S. Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2801-LEI-1,2801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2801-vitality-1,2801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2801-LEI-2,2801,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2801-transmission-2,2801,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7938,no -2801-speaker_number_trends-2,2801,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2801-vitality-2,2801,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2801-LEI-1,2801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2801-vitality-1,2801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2801-LEI-2,2801,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2801-transmission-2,2801,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7963,no +2801-speaker_number_trends-2,2801,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2801-vitality-2,2801,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2801-LEI-3,2801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2801-vitality-3,2801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2801-LEI-4,2801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2801-vitality-4,2801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2802-context-1,2802,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Under pressure from larger neighbouring languages and Indonesian.,bib7938,no -2802-location-1,2802,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4393, 121.9921]]}",,,bib5307,no -2802-location-2,2802,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the hinterland of the northern part of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, not far from Bungku town.""}",,,bib7938,no +2802-context-1,2802,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,Under pressure from larger neighbouring languages and Indonesian.,bib7963,no +2802-location-1,2802,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4393, 121.9921]]}",,,bib5330,no +2802-location-2,2802,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the hinterland of the northern part of the east coast of the southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, not far from Bungku town.""}",,,bib7963,no 2802-location-3,2802,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2802-speaker_number-1,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2802-speakers-1,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2802-speaker_number-2,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2802-speakers-2,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2802-speaker_number-1,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2802-speakers-1,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2802-speaker_number-2,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2802-speakers-2,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2802-speaker_number-3,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2802-speakers-3,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2802-speaker_number-4,2802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes 2802-speakers-4,2802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes -2802-LEI-1,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2802-vitality-1,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2802-LEI-2,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2802-vitality-2,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2802-LEI-1,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2802-vitality-1,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2802-LEI-2,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2802-vitality-2,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2802-LEI-3,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2802-vitality-3,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2802-LEI-4,2802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2802-vitality-4,2802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2803-context-1,2803,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Demisa, Waropen""}",,"The languages of the village are the Demisa language and the large Waropen language, which both put pressure on it.",bib7938,no -2803-location-1,2803,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5893, 137.9127]]}",,,bib5307,no -2803-location-2,2803,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by very few in Botawa village, inland from the middle of the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7938,no +2803-context-1,2803,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Demisa, Waropen""}",,"The languages of the village are the Demisa language and the large Waropen language, which both put pressure on it.",bib7963,no +2803-location-1,2803,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5893, 137.9127]]}",,,bib5330,no +2803-location-2,2803,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Irian Jaya""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by very few in Botawa village, inland from the middle of the east coast of Cenderawasih Bay.""}",,,bib7963,no 2803-location-3,2803,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2803-speaker_number-1,2803,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2803-speakers-1,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2803-speaker_number-2,2803,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2803-speakers-2,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2803-speaker_number-1,2803,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2803-speakers-1,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2803-speaker_number-2,2803,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2803-speakers-2,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2803-speaker_number-3,2803,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2803-speakers-3,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2803-speaker_number-4,2803,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (Wurm 2000),bib67,yes 2803-speakers-4,2803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm 2000),bib67,yes -2803-LEI-1,2803,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2803-vitality-1,2803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2803-LEI-2,2803,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2803-transmission-2,2803,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2803-speaker_number_trends-2,2803,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2803-vitality-2,2803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2803-LEI-1,2803,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2803-vitality-1,2803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2803-LEI-2,2803,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2803-transmission-2,2803,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2803-speaker_number_trends-2,2803,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2803-vitality-2,2803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2803-LEI-3,2803,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2803-vitality-3,2803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2803-LEI-4,2803,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2803-vitality-4,2803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2804-context-1,2804,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,"The Luwu dialect of the very large Bugis language is dominant in the area and puts pressure on it, as does Indonesian.",bib7938,no -2804-location-1,2804,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6303, 120.888]]}",,,bib5307,no -2804-location-2,2804,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the south coast at the extreme northern part of Bone Bay which separates the southern and southeastern peninsulas of Sulawesi around Wotu town.""}",,,bib7938,no +2804-context-1,2804,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bugis, Indonesian""}",,"The Luwu dialect of the very large Bugis language is dominant in the area and puts pressure on it, as does Indonesian.",bib7963,no +2804-location-1,2804,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.6303, 120.888]]}",,,bib5330,no +2804-location-2,2804,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia: Sulawesi""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the south coast at the extreme northern part of Bone Bay which separates the southern and southeastern peninsulas of Sulawesi around Wotu town.""}",,,bib7963,no 2804-location-3,2804,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -2804-speaker_number-1,2804,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2804-speakers-1,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2804-speakers-2,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987""}",,,bib7938,no +2804-speaker_number-1,2804,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2804-speakers-1,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2804-speakers-2,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987""}",,,bib7963,no 2804-speaker_number-3,2804,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2804-speakers-3,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2804-speaker_number-4,2804,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (SIL 1987),bib67,yes 2804-speakers-4,2804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (SIL 1987),bib67,yes -2804-LEI-1,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2804-vitality-1,2804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2804-LEI-2,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2804-speaker_number_trends-2,2804,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,no -2804-vitality-2,2804,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +2804-LEI-1,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2804-vitality-1,2804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2804-LEI-2,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2804-speaker_number_trends-2,2804,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,no +2804-vitality-2,2804,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 2804-LEI-3,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2804-vitality-3,2804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2804-LEI-4,2804,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2804-vitality-4,2804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2805-location-1,2805,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2805-location-1,2805,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2805-location-2,2805,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0, -71.0]]}",,,bib67,no -2805-speaker_number-1,2805,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -2805-speakers-1,2805,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes -2805-LEI-1,2805,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2805-vitality-1,2805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2825-context-1,2825,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Praying, singing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,90%% of our respondents said they spoke Hausa as a second language,bib2105,yes -2825-location-1,2825,location,"{""Places"": [""Kebbe State and western Niger State""]}",,,bib2105,yes -2825-location-2,2825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8791, 4.6115]]}",,,bib5307,no +2805-speaker_number-1,2805,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +2805-speakers-1,2805,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes +2805-LEI-1,2805,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2805-vitality-1,2805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2825-context-1,2825,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Praying, singing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,90%% of our respondents said they spoke Hausa as a second language,bib2118,yes +2825-location-1,2825,location,"{""Places"": [""Kebbe State and western Niger State""]}",,,bib2118,yes +2825-location-2,2825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8791, 4.6115]]}",,,bib5330,no 2825-location-3,2825,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -2825-speaker_number-1,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2105,yes -2825-speakers-1,2825,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~44,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<44,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2105,yes -2825-speaker_number-2,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2825-speakers-2,2825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2825-speaker_number-1,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2118,yes +2825-speakers-1,2825,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~44,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<44,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2118,yes +2825-speaker_number-2,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2825-speakers-2,2825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2825-speaker_number-3,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2825-speakers-3,2825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2825-speaker_number-4,2825,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1993).,bib67,no 2825-speakers-4,2825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1993).,bib67,no -2825-LEI-1,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2105,yes -2825-transmission-1,2825,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib2105,yes -2825-domains_of_use-1,2825,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2105,yes -2825-vitality-1,2825,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2105,yes -2825-LEI-2,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2825-vitality-2,2825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2825-LEI-1,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes +2825-transmission-1,2825,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib2118,yes +2825-domains_of_use-1,2825,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2118,yes +2825-vitality-1,2825,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2118,yes +2825-LEI-2,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2825-vitality-2,2825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2825-LEI-3,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2825-vitality-3,2825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2825-LEI-4,2825,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2825-vitality-4,2825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2826-context-1,2826,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most Sandawe also speak Swahili [conversational fluency],bib2371,no -2826-context-2,2826,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School"", ""with non-Sandawe""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Interaction often takes place between the Sandawe and the other ethnic groups living among them, though conversation is normally carried out in Swahili. Some people from other ethnic backgrounds report being able to understand Sandawe, but the language is rarely spoken by non-Sandawe. ... Along the main road through the area where the Sandawe people live (Dodoma – Kwa Mtoro – Singida), most Sandawe also speak Swahili, although the level of proficiency has not been determined. Some of the older people have a very limited understanding of Swahili and do not speak it. In the more remote areas, we have even met teenagers who do not know Swahili. Children attending school, however, are required to learn Swahili and teaching is in Swahili.",bib3699,no -2826-location-1,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Kondoa district of central Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Taking the village of Kwa Mtoro as the geographical centre of the Sandawe-speaking area, there are three main groups of Sandawe villages, which cluster along three of the four roads leading out of Kwa Mtoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.219511, 35.426788]]}",,,bib3700,no +2826-context-1,2826,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most Sandawe also speak Swahili [conversational fluency],bib2384,no +2826-context-2,2826,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School"", ""with non-Sandawe""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Interaction often takes place between the Sandawe and the other ethnic groups living among them, though conversation is normally carried out in Swahili. Some people from other ethnic backgrounds report being able to understand Sandawe, but the language is rarely spoken by non-Sandawe. ... Along the main road through the area where the Sandawe people live (Dodoma – Kwa Mtoro – Singida), most Sandawe also speak Swahili, although the level of proficiency has not been determined. Some of the older people have a very limited understanding of Swahili and do not speak it. In the more remote areas, we have even met teenagers who do not know Swahili. Children attending school, however, are required to learn Swahili and teaching is in Swahili.",bib3718,no +2826-location-1,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Kondoa district of central Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Taking the village of Kwa Mtoro as the geographical centre of the Sandawe-speaking area, there are three main groups of Sandawe villages, which cluster along three of the four roads leading out of Kwa Mtoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.219511, 35.426788]]}",,,bib3719,no 2826-location-2,2826,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, 35.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2826-location-3,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Kondoa district of central Tanzania""]}",,,bib2371,no -2826-location-4,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Tanzania""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.342583, 35.562744]]}",,,bib1243,yes -2826-location-5,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Central Tanzania""}",,"Sandawe (Sandawí), Ethnonym bzw. Sprache einer ehemals von der Jagd und Sammlertätihkeit lebenden Bevölkerung in Zentral-Tanzania, im Gebiet westlich der Straße von Dodoma nach Kondoa...",bib3994,no -2826-location-6,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Sandawe people live north of Dodoma in the Kondoa District of central Tanzania. The area populated by the Sandawe is about 50 km in diameter from north to south and from east to west. In addition, a relatively large group of Sandawe lives on the outskirts of Arusha.""}",,,bib3699,no -2826-speaker_number-1,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Children are still using Sandawe at the moment, and all believed that they would continue to do so in the future",bib3700,no -2826-speakers-1,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Children are still using Sandawe at the moment, and all believed that they would continue to do so in the future",bib3700,no +2826-location-3,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Kondoa district of central Tanzania""]}",,,bib2384,no +2826-location-4,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Tanzania""], ""Coordinates"": [[-5.342583, 35.562744]]}",,,bib1252,yes +2826-location-5,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Central Tanzania""}",,"Sandawe (Sandawí), Ethnonym bzw. Sprache einer ehemals von der Jagd und Sammlertätihkeit lebenden Bevölkerung in Zentral-Tanzania, im Gebiet westlich der Straße von Dodoma nach Kondoa...",bib4014,no +2826-location-6,2826,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Sandawe people live north of Dodoma in the Kondoa District of central Tanzania. The area populated by the Sandawe is about 50 km in diameter from north to south and from east to west. In addition, a relatively large group of Sandawe lives on the outskirts of Arusha.""}",,,bib3718,no +2826-speaker_number-1,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Children are still using Sandawe at the moment, and all believed that they would continue to do so in the future",bib3719,no +2826-speakers-1,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Children are still using Sandawe at the moment, and all believed that they would continue to do so in the future",bib3719,no 2826-speaker_number-2,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 2826-speakers-2,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -2826-speaker_number-3,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2371,no -2826-speakers-3,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2371,no -2826-speaker_number-4,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Estimates for numbers of speakers range from 90000 to 30000. The 'Atlasi ya Lugha za Tanzania' published by the University of Dar es Salaam in 2009 is somewhere in the middle, with a total of 65935 Sandawe speakers.",bib1243,yes -2826-speakers-4,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Estimates for numbers of speakers range from 90000 to 30000. The 'Atlasi ya Lugha za Tanzania' published by the University of Dar es Salaam in 2009 is somewhere in the middle, with a total of 65935 Sandawe speakers.",bib1243,yes -2826-speaker_number-5,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,...etwa 25.000 Sprecher.,bib3994,no -2826-speakers-5,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,...etwa 25.000 Sprecher.,bib3994,no -2826-speaker_number-6,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"We estimate that there are approximately 40,000 Sandawe. A figure of between 70,000 and 90,000 has also been suggested (Wright et al. 1995:1).",bib3699,no -2826-speakers-6,2826,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"We estimate that there are approximately 40,000 Sandawe. A figure of between 70,000 and 90,000 has also been suggested (Wright et al. 1995:1).",bib3699,no -2826-LEI-1,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3700,no -2826-vitality-1,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3700,no +2826-speaker_number-3,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2384,no +2826-speakers-3,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2384,no +2826-speaker_number-4,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Estimates for numbers of speakers range from 90000 to 30000. The 'Atlasi ya Lugha za Tanzania' published by the University of Dar es Salaam in 2009 is somewhere in the middle, with a total of 65935 Sandawe speakers.",bib1252,yes +2826-speakers-4,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Estimates for numbers of speakers range from 90000 to 30000. The 'Atlasi ya Lugha za Tanzania' published by the University of Dar es Salaam in 2009 is somewhere in the middle, with a total of 65935 Sandawe speakers.",bib1252,yes +2826-speaker_number-5,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,...etwa 25.000 Sprecher.,bib4014,no +2826-speakers-5,2826,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,...etwa 25.000 Sprecher.,bib4014,no +2826-speaker_number-6,2826,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"We estimate that there are approximately 40,000 Sandawe. A figure of between 70,000 and 90,000 has also been suggested (Wright et al. 1995:1).",bib3718,no +2826-speakers-6,2826,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"We estimate that there are approximately 40,000 Sandawe. A figure of between 70,000 and 90,000 has also been suggested (Wright et al. 1995:1).",bib3718,no +2826-LEI-1,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3719,no +2826-vitality-1,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3719,no 2826-LEI-2,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2826-vitality-2,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2826-LEI-3,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2371,no -2826-vitality-3,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2371,no -2826-LEI-4,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -2826-vitality-4,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -2826-LEI-5,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3994,no -2826-vitality-5,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3994,no -2826-LEI-6,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3699,no -2826-vitality-6,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3699,no -2827-context-1,2827,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilocano""}",,"Very high level of bilingualism in Ilocano, young people begin to tend to prefer it to Adasen.",bib7938,yes -2827-location-1,2827,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.817292, 120.936869]]}",,,bib7945,no -2827-location-2,2827,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Luzon, in northwestern Abra Province.""}",,,bib7938,yes -2827-speaker_number-1,2827,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7938,yes -2827-speakers-1,2827,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2826-LEI-3,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2384,no +2826-vitality-3,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2384,no +2826-LEI-4,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +2826-vitality-4,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +2826-LEI-5,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4014,no +2826-vitality-5,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4014,no +2826-LEI-6,2826,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3718,no +2826-vitality-6,2826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3718,no +2827-context-1,2827,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilocano""}",,"Very high level of bilingualism in Ilocano, young people begin to tend to prefer it to Adasen.",bib7963,yes +2827-location-1,2827,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.817292, 120.936869]]}",,,bib7970,no +2827-location-2,2827,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeastern Luzon, in northwestern Abra Province.""}",,,bib7963,yes +2827-speaker_number-1,2827,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7963,yes +2827-speakers-1,2827,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2827-speaker_number-2,2827,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from NTM.,bib67,no 2827-speakers-2,2827,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,715"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from NTM.,bib67,no -2827-LEI-1,2827,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2827-speaker_number_trends-1,2827,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -2827-vitality-1,2827,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2827-LEI-1,2827,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2827-speaker_number_trends-1,2827,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +2827-vitality-1,2827,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2827-LEI-2,2827,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2827-vitality-2,2827,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2828-context-1,2828,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog, Minade"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib721,yes -2828-context-2,2828,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,High level of bilingualism in Tagalog. Most speakers have shifted to Tagalog.,bib7938,no -2828-location-1,2828,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.1209, 122.0282]]}",,,bib5307,no -2828-location-2,2828,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken on Alabat Island and around Villa Espina in the mountains of the Lopez-Guinayangan area in eastern Quezon Province on the large northern Philippine island of Luzon."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.101353, 122.013567], [13.83126, 122.383178]]}",,,bib721,yes -2828-location-3,2828,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Alabat Island, southeast of Manila, east of Quezon Province.""}",,,bib7938,no +2828-context-1,2828,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog, Minade"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib725,yes +2828-context-2,2828,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,High level of bilingualism in Tagalog. Most speakers have shifted to Tagalog.,bib7963,no +2828-location-1,2828,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.1209, 122.0282]]}",,,bib5330,no +2828-location-2,2828,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken on Alabat Island and around Villa Espina in the mountains of the Lopez-Guinayangan area in eastern Quezon Province on the large northern Philippine island of Luzon."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.101353, 122.013567], [13.83126, 122.383178]]}",,,bib725,yes +2828-location-3,2828,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Alabat Island, southeast of Manila, east of Quezon Province.""}",,,bib7963,no 2828-location-4,2828,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2828-speaker_number-1,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2828-speakers-1,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2828-speaker_number-2,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"At present, there are 19 nuclear families on Alabat Island in which at least one parent is at least one-half Agta, yet fewer than ten individuals can speak the language fluently... At present, only four elderly Agta remain in the Lopez-Guinayangan area who can speak Inagta without considerable interference from Manide... it is now much easier to find Agta in the mountains of Lopez and Guinayangan who speak only Manide and Tagalog, than to find Agta who have an appreciable degree of fluency in their own ancestral language.",bib721,yes -2828-speakers-2,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"At present, there are 19 nuclear families on Alabat Island in which at least one parent is at least one-half Agta, yet fewer than ten individuals can speak the language fluently... At present, only four elderly Agta remain in the Lopez-Guinayangan area who can speak Inagta without considerable interference from Manide... it is now much easier to find Agta in the mountains of Lopez and Guinayangan who speak only Manide and Tagalog, than to find Agta who have an appreciable degree of fluency in their own ancestral language.",bib721,yes -2828-speaker_number-3,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2828-speakers-3,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2828-speaker_number-1,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2828-speakers-1,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2828-speaker_number-2,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"At present, there are 19 nuclear families on Alabat Island in which at least one parent is at least one-half Agta, yet fewer than ten individuals can speak the language fluently... At present, only four elderly Agta remain in the Lopez-Guinayangan area who can speak Inagta without considerable interference from Manide... it is now much easier to find Agta in the mountains of Lopez and Guinayangan who speak only Manide and Tagalog, than to find Agta who have an appreciable degree of fluency in their own ancestral language.",bib725,yes +2828-speakers-2,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"At present, there are 19 nuclear families on Alabat Island in which at least one parent is at least one-half Agta, yet fewer than ten individuals can speak the language fluently... At present, only four elderly Agta remain in the Lopez-Guinayangan area who can speak Inagta without considerable interference from Manide... it is now much easier to find Agta in the mountains of Lopez and Guinayangan who speak only Manide and Tagalog, than to find Agta who have an appreciable degree of fluency in their own ancestral language.",bib725,yes +2828-speaker_number-3,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2828-speakers-3,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2828-speaker_number-4,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2828-speakers-4,2828,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2828-speaker_number-5,2828,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2828-speakers-5,2828,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2828-LEI-1,2828,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2828-vitality-1,2828,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2828-LEI-2,2828,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib721,yes -2828-transmission-2,2828,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib721,yes -2828-speaker_number_trends-2,2828,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib721,yes -2828-vitality-2,2828,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib721,yes -2828-LEI-3,2828,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2828-speaker_number_trends-3,2828,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2828-vitality-3,2828,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2828-LEI-1,2828,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2828-vitality-1,2828,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2828-LEI-2,2828,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib725,yes +2828-transmission-2,2828,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib725,yes +2828-speaker_number_trends-2,2828,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib725,yes +2828-vitality-2,2828,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib725,yes +2828-LEI-3,2828,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2828-speaker_number_trends-3,2828,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2828-vitality-3,2828,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2828-LEI-4,2828,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2828-vitality-4,2828,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2828-LEI-5,2828,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2828-vitality-5,2828,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2829-location-1,2829,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Manide live primarily in the Tagalog speaking central and western two-thirds of Camarines Norte province in southern Luzon. A smaller number of communities live in the Bikol speaking eastern third of Camarines Norte. At least two communities are located in western Camarines Sur province in the towns of Ragay and Lupi. Another two communities are located in the eastern Extreme of Quezon province, in the towns of Calang and Lopez."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.2, 122.383], [14.114, 122.957], [13.884, 122.264], [13.816, 122.9]]}",,,bib4700,yes -2829-speaker_number-1,2829,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4700,yes -2829-speakers-1,2829,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4700,yes -2829-LEI-1,2829,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4700,yes -2829-transmission-1,2829,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4700,yes -2829-domains_of_use-1,2829,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4700,yes -2829-speaker_number_trends-1,2829,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4700,yes -2829-vitality-1,2829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4700,yes -283-context-1,283,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Moroccan Arabic, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative; Beni Iznassen language is stigmatized"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most/all""}",,,bib1235,yes -283-location-1,283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.021367, -2.8065]]}",,,bib7945,no -283-location-2,283,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""The main city of the Beni-Iznasen region is Berkane."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.9167, -2.3167]]}",,,bib6966,no -283-LEI-1,283,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -283-transmission-1,283,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1235,yes -283-domains_of_use-1,283,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1235,yes -283-vitality-1,283,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1235,yes -2830-context-1,2830,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ibanag""}",,,bib7938,no -2830-location-1,2830,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9891, 121.8603]]}",,,bib5307,no +2829-location-1,2829,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Manide live primarily in the Tagalog speaking central and western two-thirds of Camarines Norte province in southern Luzon. A smaller number of communities live in the Bikol speaking eastern third of Camarines Norte. At least two communities are located in western Camarines Sur province in the towns of Ragay and Lupi. Another two communities are located in the eastern Extreme of Quezon province, in the towns of Calang and Lopez."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.2, 122.383], [14.114, 122.957], [13.884, 122.264], [13.816, 122.9]]}",,,bib4722,yes +2829-speaker_number-1,2829,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4722,yes +2829-speakers-1,2829,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4722,yes +2829-LEI-1,2829,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4722,yes +2829-transmission-1,2829,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4722,yes +2829-domains_of_use-1,2829,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4722,yes +2829-speaker_number_trends-1,2829,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4722,yes +2829-vitality-1,2829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Manide youth exhibit virtually no language attrition compared with older speakers, something that is exceedingly rare in minority - and even majority - ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines today.",bib4722,yes +283-context-1,283,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Moroccan Arabic, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative; Beni Iznassen language is stigmatized"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most/all""}",,,bib1244,yes +283-location-1,283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.021367, -2.8065]]}",,,bib7970,no +283-location-2,283,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""The main city of the Beni-Iznasen region is Berkane."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.9167, -2.3167]]}",,,bib6990,no +283-LEI-1,283,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +283-transmission-1,283,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1244,yes +283-domains_of_use-1,283,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1244,yes +283-vitality-1,283,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1244,yes +2830-context-1,2830,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ibanag""}",,,bib7963,no +2830-location-1,2830,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9891, 121.8603]]}",,,bib5330,no 2830-location-2,2830,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9666666667, 121.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -2830-location-3,2830,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeast Luzon.""}",,,bib7938,no +2830-location-3,2830,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in northeast Luzon.""}",,,bib7963,no 2830-location-4,2830,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,yes -2830-speaker_number-1,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2830-speakers-1,2830,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""779"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2830-speaker_number-2,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This same source provided speaker numbers for other years: 1000 (1979).,bib7938,no -2830-speakers-2,2830,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This same source provided speaker numbers for other years: 1000 (1979).,bib7938,no +2830-speaker_number-1,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2830-speakers-1,2830,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""779"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2830-speaker_number-2,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This same source provided speaker numbers for other years: 1000 (1979).,bib7963,no +2830-speakers-2,2830,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This same source provided speaker numbers for other years: 1000 (1979).,bib7963,no 2830-speaker_number-3,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2830-speakers-3,2830,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""779"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2830-speaker_number-4,2830,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 2830-speakers-4,2830,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -2830-LEI-1,2830,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2830-vitality-1,2830,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2830-LEI-2,2830,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2830-speaker_number_trends-2,2830,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2830-vitality-2,2830,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2830-LEI-1,2830,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2830-vitality-1,2830,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2830-LEI-2,2830,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2830-speaker_number_trends-2,2830,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2830-vitality-2,2830,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2830-LEI-3,2830,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2830-vitality-3,2830,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2830-LEI-4,2830,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2830-domains_of_use-4,2830,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib67,yes 2830-vitality-4,2830,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -2831-context-1,2831,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bicolano""}",,Receded from pressure from the large Bicolano language.,bib7938,no -2831-location-1,2831,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6805, 123.3805]]}",,,bib5307,no -2831-location-2,2831,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Mt Isarog, northeast of Naga City, Bicol Province, southeastern Luzon.""}",,,bib7938,no +2831-context-1,2831,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bicolano""}",,Receded from pressure from the large Bicolano language.,bib7963,no +2831-location-1,2831,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6805, 123.3805]]}",,,bib5330,no +2831-location-2,2831,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Mt Isarog, northeast of Naga City, Bicol Province, southeastern Luzon.""}",,,bib7963,no 2831-location-3,2831,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,yes -2831-speaker_number-1,2831,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2831-speakers-1,2831,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2831-speaker_number-2,2831,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""a few""",bib7938,no -2831-speakers-2,2831,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""a few""",bib7938,no +2831-speaker_number-1,2831,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2831-speakers-1,2831,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2831-speaker_number-2,2831,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""a few""",bib7963,no +2831-speakers-2,2831,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""a few""",bib7963,no 2831-speaker_number-3,2831,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2831-speakers-3,2831,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2831-speaker_number-4,2831,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number information: (2000 S. Wurm); Ethnic population data: (1984 SIL),bib67,yes 2831-speakers-4,2831,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number information: (2000 S. Wurm); Ethnic population data: (1984 SIL),bib67,yes -2831-LEI-1,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2831-vitality-1,2831,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2831-LEI-2,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2831-transmission-2,2831,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2831-speaker_number_trends-2,2831,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2831-vitality-2,2831,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2831-LEI-1,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2831-vitality-1,2831,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2831-LEI-2,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2831-transmission-2,2831,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2831-speaker_number_trends-2,2831,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2831-vitality-2,2831,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2831-LEI-3,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2831-vitality-3,2831,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2831-LEI-4,2831,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2831-vitality-4,2831,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2832-location-1,2832,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.459, 123.5467]]}",,,bib5307,no -2832-location-2,2832,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Eastern side of Lake Buhi near the border with the town of Tiwi."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.46, 123.57]]}",,,bib4701,yes +2832-location-1,2832,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.459, 123.5467]]}",,,bib5330,no +2832-location-2,2832,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Eastern side of Lake Buhi near the border with the town of Tiwi."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.46, 123.57]]}",,,bib4723,yes 2832-location-3,2832,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2832-speaker_number-1,2832,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2832-speakers-1,2832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2832-speaker_number-2,2832,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The author is unsure of the remaining number of speakers, but was unable to locate any remaining speakers in 2006.",bib4701,yes -2832-speakers-2,2832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few, if any"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The author is unsure of the remaining number of speakers, but was unable to locate any remaining speakers in 2006.",bib4701,yes +2832-speaker_number-1,2832,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2832-speakers-1,2832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2832-speaker_number-2,2832,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The author is unsure of the remaining number of speakers, but was unable to locate any remaining speakers in 2006.",bib4723,yes +2832-speakers-2,2832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few, if any"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The author is unsure of the remaining number of speakers, but was unable to locate any remaining speakers in 2006.",bib4723,yes 2832-speaker_number-3,2832,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 2832-speakers-3,2832,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""375"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -2832-LEI-1,2832,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2832-vitality-1,2832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2832-LEI-2,2832,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4701,yes -2832-transmission-2,2832,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4701,yes -2832-domains_of_use-2,2832,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4701,yes -2832-speaker_number_trends-2,2832,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4701,yes -2832-vitality-2,2832,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4701,yes +2832-LEI-1,2832,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2832-vitality-1,2832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2832-LEI-2,2832,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4723,yes +2832-transmission-2,2832,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4723,yes +2832-domains_of_use-2,2832,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4723,yes +2832-speaker_number_trends-2,2832,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4723,yes +2832-vitality-2,2832,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This group, known in the Ethnologue as “Agta, Mt. Iraya” spoke a language that was even more heavily influenced by Bikol than the Rinconada and Partido Agta groups, to the point of being indistinguishable from neighboring non-Agta languages except for a very small amount of lexicon (judging from a 1984 SIL wordlist). However, it appears that this language may now be either extinct, or down to a very small number of speakers, as a visit to the area in 2006 failed to turn up any speakers of any language other than Buhinon and Bikol Naga/Partido.",bib4723,yes 2832-LEI-3,2832,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2832-vitality-3,2832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2833-context-1,2833,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,"It is not closely related to other local languages. In 1992, there were 240 speakers, but they seem to be decreasing under pressure from Tagalog.",bib7938,yes -2833-location-1,2833,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.7162, 121.4085]]}",,,bib5307,no -2833-location-2,2833,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the wide neck section of Luzon which is north of Manila, in Aurora Province, to the west of Baler, and well northeast of Cabanatuan.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2833-context-1,2833,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,"It is not closely related to other local languages. In 1992, there were 240 speakers, but they seem to be decreasing under pressure from Tagalog.",bib7963,yes +2833-location-1,2833,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.7162, 121.4085]]}",,,bib5330,no +2833-location-2,2833,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Eastern part of the wide neck section of Luzon which is north of Manila, in Aurora Province, to the west of Baler, and well northeast of Cabanatuan.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2833-location-3,2833,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2833-speaker_number-1,2833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2833-speakers-1,2833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2833-speaker_number-2,2833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2833-speakers-2,2833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2833-speaker_number-1,2833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2833-speakers-1,2833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2833-speaker_number-2,2833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2833-speakers-2,2833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2833-speaker_number-3,2833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2833-speakers-3,2833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2833-speakers-4,2833,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2833-LEI-1,2833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2833-vitality-1,2833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2833-LEI-2,2833,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2833-speaker_number_trends-2,2833,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,yes -2833-vitality-2,2833,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2833-LEI-1,2833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2833-vitality-1,2833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2833-LEI-2,2833,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2833-speaker_number_trends-2,2833,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,yes +2833-vitality-2,2833,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2833-LEI-3,2833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2833-vitality-3,2833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2834-context-1,2834,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nagtipunan Agta; Illokana; Tagalog or Filipino"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,The Arta are multilingual - all of them speak Nagtipunan Agta and Illokana; some can use Tagalog or Filipino. Only 11 are capable of speaking Arta properly.,bib8318,yes -2834-location-1,2834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.4225, 121.7042]]}",,,bib5307,no -2834-location-2,2834,location,"{""Places"": [""Quirino Province, the Philippines""], ""Description"": ""\""the Barangays of Disimungal, San Ramos, Pongo, and Sangbay in the Municipality of Nagtipunan; in Disimungal, there are several Arta communities in Purok Kalbo, Pulang Lupa, and Tilitilan.\"" (p.2)"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.216, 121.599]]}",,,bib8318,yes -2834-location-3,2834,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern part of the head portion of northern Luzon, Quirino Province. The few speakers are scattered in villages, with twelve in Villa San- tiago, and three or four in the town of Nagtipunan.""}",,,bib7938,no +2834-context-1,2834,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nagtipunan Agta; Illokana; Tagalog or Filipino"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,The Arta are multilingual - all of them speak Nagtipunan Agta and Illokana; some can use Tagalog or Filipino. Only 11 are capable of speaking Arta properly.,bib8343,yes +2834-location-1,2834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.4225, 121.7042]]}",,,bib5330,no +2834-location-2,2834,location,"{""Places"": [""Quirino Province, the Philippines""], ""Description"": ""\""the Barangays of Disimungal, San Ramos, Pongo, and Sangbay in the Municipality of Nagtipunan; in Disimungal, there are several Arta communities in Purok Kalbo, Pulang Lupa, and Tilitilan.\"" (p.2)"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.216, 121.599]]}",,,bib8343,yes +2834-location-3,2834,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern part of the head portion of northern Luzon, Quirino Province. The few speakers are scattered in villages, with twelve in Villa San- tiago, and three or four in the town of Nagtipunan.""}",,,bib7963,no 2834-location-4,2834,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2834-speaker_number-1,2834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2834-speakers-1,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2834-speaker_number-2,2834,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Only 11 fluent speakers remain and most of them are over 50. Some 35-45 people have passive knowledge of Arta - they can understand some conversations but can't use Arta properly.,bib8318,yes -2834-speakers-2,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012-2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""35-45""}",,Only 11 fluent speakers remain and most of them are over 50. Some 35-45 people have passive knowledge of Arta - they can understand some conversations but can't use Arta properly.,bib8318,yes -2834-speaker_number-3,2834,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2834-speakers-3,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2834-speaker_number-1,2834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2834-speakers-1,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2834-speaker_number-2,2834,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Only 11 fluent speakers remain and most of them are over 50. Some 35-45 people have passive knowledge of Arta - they can understand some conversations but can't use Arta properly.,bib8343,yes +2834-speakers-2,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012-2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""35-45""}",,Only 11 fluent speakers remain and most of them are over 50. Some 35-45 people have passive knowledge of Arta - they can understand some conversations but can't use Arta properly.,bib8343,yes +2834-speaker_number-3,2834,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2834-speakers-3,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2834-speaker_number-4,2834,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2834-speakers-4,2834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2834-speakers-5,2834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000). There are 12 speakers in Villa Santiago, 1 in Villa Gracia, and 3 or 4 in Nagtipunan (1992 L. Reid).",bib67,no -2834-LEI-1,2834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2834-vitality-1,2834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2834-LEI-2,2834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8318,yes -2834-transmission-2,2834,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8318,yes -2834-speaker_number_trends-2,2834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8318,yes -2834-vitality-2,2834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8318,yes -2834-LEI-3,2834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2834-transmission-3,2834,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2834-speaker_number_trends-3,2834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2834-vitality-3,2834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2834-LEI-1,2834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2834-vitality-1,2834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2834-LEI-2,2834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8343,yes +2834-transmission-2,2834,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8343,yes +2834-speaker_number_trends-2,2834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8343,yes +2834-vitality-2,2834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is not passing down to the children.,bib8343,yes +2834-LEI-3,2834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2834-transmission-3,2834,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2834-speaker_number_trends-3,2834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2834-vitality-3,2834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2834-LEI-4,2834,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2834-vitality-4,2834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2836-context-1,2836,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ibanag""}",,The speakers are largely bilingual in the large Ibanag language and the Atta Pamplona language next to them. The numbers are decreasing. Literacy work is said to be needed.,bib7938,yes -2836-location-1,2836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.027, 120.4929]]}",,,bib5307,no -2836-location-2,2836,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Extreme central north of the head portion of Luzon, southwest of Pamplona, Cagayan Province.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2836-context-1,2836,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ibanag""}",,The speakers are largely bilingual in the large Ibanag language and the Atta Pamplona language next to them. The numbers are decreasing. Literacy work is said to be needed.,bib7963,yes +2836-location-1,2836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.027, 120.4929]]}",,,bib5330,no +2836-location-2,2836,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Extreme central north of the head portion of Luzon, southwest of Pamplona, Cagayan Province.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2836-location-3,2836,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2836-speaker_number-1,2836,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2836-speakers-1,2836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2836-speaker_number-2,2836,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2836-speakers-2,2836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2836-speaker_number-1,2836,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2836-speakers-1,2836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2836-speaker_number-2,2836,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2836-speakers-2,2836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2836-speaker_number-3,2836,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2836-speakers-3,2836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2836-speakers-4,2836,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2836-LEI-1,2836,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2836-vitality-1,2836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2836-LEI-2,2836,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2836-vitality-2,2836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +2836-LEI-1,2836,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2836-vitality-1,2836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2836-LEI-2,2836,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2836-vitality-2,2836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 2836-LEI-3,2836,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2836-vitality-3,2836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2845-context-1,2845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,"The speakers who are Negrito, are fairly bilingual in Tagalog. Their number is decreasing from pressure of the large Botolan Sambal language, and of Tagalog.",bib7938,yes -2845-location-1,2845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.4324, 120.4788]]}",,,bib5307,no -2845-location-2,2845,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central part of the wide neck-section of Luzon which is north of Manila. It is in Bataan Province.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2845-context-1,2845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,"The speakers who are Negrito, are fairly bilingual in Tagalog. Their number is decreasing from pressure of the large Botolan Sambal language, and of Tagalog.",bib7963,yes +2845-location-1,2845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.4324, 120.4788]]}",,,bib5330,no +2845-location-2,2845,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central part of the wide neck-section of Luzon which is north of Manila. It is in Bataan Province.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2845-location-3,2845,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2845-speaker_number-1,2845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2845-speakers-1,2845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2845-speaker_number-2,2845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,yes -2845-speakers-2,2845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""527"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,yes +2845-speaker_number-1,2845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2845-speakers-1,2845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2845-speaker_number-2,2845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,yes +2845-speakers-2,2845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""527"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,yes 2845-speaker_number-3,2845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2845-speakers-3,2845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2845-speakers-4,2845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,no -2845-LEI-1,2845,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2845-vitality-1,2845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2845-LEI-2,2845,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2845-speaker_number_trends-2,2845,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7938,yes -2845-vitality-2,2845,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,yes +2845-LEI-1,2845,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2845-vitality-1,2845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2845-LEI-2,2845,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2845-speaker_number_trends-2,2845,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7963,yes +2845-vitality-2,2845,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,yes 2845-LEI-3,2845,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2845-vitality-3,2845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2846-location-1,2846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.027, 124.1549]]}",,,bib5307,no -2846-location-2,2846,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the extreme southern end of Luzon, near Sorsogon town, Sorsogon Province.""}",,,bib7938,no +2846-location-1,2846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.027, 124.1549]]}",,,bib5330,no +2846-location-2,2846,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the extreme southern end of Luzon, near Sorsogon town, Sorsogon Province.""}",,,bib7963,no 2846-location-3,2846,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,yes -2846-speaker_number-1,2846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2846-speakers-1,2846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2846-speaker_number-2,2846,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,no -2846-speakers-2,2846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,no +2846-speaker_number-1,2846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2846-speakers-1,2846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2846-speaker_number-2,2846,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,no +2846-speakers-2,2846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,no 2846-speaker_number-3,2846,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2846-speakers-3,2846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2846-speaker_number-4,2846,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 2846-speakers-4,2846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -2846-LEI-1,2846,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2846-vitality-1,2846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2846-LEI-2,2846,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2846-transmission-2,2846,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -2846-speaker_number_trends-2,2846,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -2846-vitality-2,2846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,no +2846-LEI-1,2846,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2846-vitality-1,2846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2846-LEI-2,2846,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2846-transmission-2,2846,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +2846-speaker_number_trends-2,2846,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +2846-vitality-2,2846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,no 2846-LEI-3,2846,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2846-vitality-3,2846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2846-LEI-4,2846,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2846-vitality-4,2846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2849-context-1,2849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kuyonon, Tagalog, Southern (Aborlan/PPC) Tagbanwa, Central Tagbanwa, Agutaynen, Kagayanen (depending on location)""}",,,bib4701,yes -2849-context-2,2849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Palawano, Tagbana""}",,Numbers are decreasing due to pressure from the Palawano and Tagbanwa languages.,bib7938,no -2849-location-1,2849,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Batak are found in at least nine small communities in central and\nnorthern Palawan Island, none consisting of more than a hundred members. Locations: Babuyan, Maoyon, Tanabag, Tarabanan, Langogan, Tagnipa, Caramay, Buayan, Roxas"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.306, 119.256], [10.188, 119.236]]}",,,bib4701,yes -2849-location-2,2849,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in north-central Palawan Island.""}",,,bib7938,no +2849-context-1,2849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kuyonon, Tagalog, Southern (Aborlan/PPC) Tagbanwa, Central Tagbanwa, Agutaynen, Kagayanen (depending on location)""}",,,bib4723,yes +2849-context-2,2849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Palawano, Tagbana""}",,Numbers are decreasing due to pressure from the Palawano and Tagbanwa languages.,bib7963,no +2849-location-1,2849,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Batak are found in at least nine small communities in central and\nnorthern Palawan Island, none consisting of more than a hundred members. Locations: Babuyan, Maoyon, Tanabag, Tarabanan, Langogan, Tagnipa, Caramay, Buayan, Roxas"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.306, 119.256], [10.188, 119.236]]}",,,bib4723,yes +2849-location-2,2849,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in north-central Palawan Island.""}",,,bib7963,no 2849-location-3,2849,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -2849-speaker_number-1,2849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4701,yes -2849-speakers-1,2849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4701,yes -2849-speaker_number-2,2849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -2849-speakers-2,2849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +2849-speaker_number-1,2849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4723,yes +2849-speakers-1,2849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4723,yes +2849-speaker_number-2,2849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +2849-speakers-2,2849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 2849-speaker_number-3,2849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.,bib67,no 2849-speakers-3,2849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,041"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.,bib67,no -2849-LEI-1,2849,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4701,yes -2849-vitality-1,2849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4701,yes -2849-LEI-2,2849,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -2849-speaker_number_trends-2,2849,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7938,no -2849-vitality-2,2849,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +2849-LEI-1,2849,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4723,yes +2849-vitality-1,2849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4723,yes +2849-LEI-2,2849,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +2849-speaker_number_trends-2,2849,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7963,no +2849-vitality-2,2849,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 2849-LEI-3,2849,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2849-vitality-3,2849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -285-context-1,285,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; French;"", ""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national language(s).\""""}",,,bib1235,yes +285-context-1,285,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; French;"", ""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national language(s).\""""}",,,bib1244,yes 285-location-1,285,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara""], ""Description"": ""South of Constantine, near Mzab. Ouargla and Ngou\u00e7a are main centers.""}",,,bib67,no 285-location-2,285,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.9166666667, 5.33333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -285-location-3,285,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Ouargla, Ngou\u00e7a"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.9587, 4.0209]]}",,,bib5307,no -285-speaker_number-1,285,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1235,yes -285-speakers-1,285,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1235,yes +285-location-3,285,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Ouargla, Ngou\u00e7a"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.9587, 4.0209]]}",,,bib5330,no +285-speaker_number-1,285,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1244,yes +285-speakers-1,285,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1244,yes 285-speaker_number-2,285,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 285-speakers-2,285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -285-speaker_number-3,285,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -285-speakers-3,285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -285-LEI-1,285,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -285-vitality-1,285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes +285-speaker_number-3,285,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +285-speakers-3,285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +285-LEI-1,285,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +285-vitality-1,285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes 285-LEI-2,285,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 285-vitality-2,285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -285-LEI-3,285,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -285-vitality-3,285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2850-context-1,2850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,,bib7938,yes +285-LEI-3,285,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +285-vitality-3,285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2850-context-1,2850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog""}",,,bib7963,yes 2850-location-1,2850,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.28, 121.19]]}",,,bib75,no -2850-location-2,2850,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern tip of Mindoro Island.""}",,,bib7938,yes +2850-location-2,2850,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the southern tip of Mindoro Island.""}",,,bib7963,yes 2850-location-3,2850,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no 2850-speaker_number-1,2850,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2850-speakers-1,2850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -29233,113 +29419,113 @@ In Brazil: Amazonas state: Iauarete.",bib70,no 2850-speakers-3,2850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2000, population 1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"2 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 2,000 (1997 SIL).",bib67,no 2850-LEI-1,2850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2850-vitality-1,2850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2850-LEI-2,2850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -2850-transmission-2,2850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -2850-speaker_number_trends-2,2850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -2850-vitality-2,2850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7938,yes +2850-LEI-2,2850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +2850-transmission-2,2850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +2850-speaker_number_trends-2,2850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +2850-vitality-2,2850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7963,yes 2850-LEI-3,2850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2850-vitality-3,2850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -286-context-1,286,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All domains other than home""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Standard Arabic, other Arabic varieties, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""They have a negative feeling as they are influenced by the language of the majority, Arabic.""}",,"The other languages are used for all domains apart from at home where the native speakers turn to Taznatit or to dialectal Arabic. Most aged people who use Taznatit use it for some domestic purposes such as gardening, camel rearing, and traditional craftsmanship. They use Taznatit within the home domain, or in the gardens, but seldom in the market or at school or any other official institution. This language is so negatively valued by its young native speakers that it will disappear if no institutional support comes from the government to help promote and maintain it.",bib1154,no -286-context-2,286,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; French;"", ""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national language(s).\""""}",,,bib1235,yes -286-location-1,286,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[29.716681, 0.75011], [26.967624, -0.041962]]}",,"The language is found scattered around the area of Timimoun in the Gourara, north of the Department of Adrar. It is used in such villages as Ouled Said, Hadj Guelman, Sali, Tabelkoza, etc.",bib1154,no +286-context-1,286,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All domains other than home""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Standard Arabic, other Arabic varieties, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""They have a negative feeling as they are influenced by the language of the majority, Arabic.""}",,"The other languages are used for all domains apart from at home where the native speakers turn to Taznatit or to dialectal Arabic. Most aged people who use Taznatit use it for some domestic purposes such as gardening, camel rearing, and traditional craftsmanship. They use Taznatit within the home domain, or in the gardens, but seldom in the market or at school or any other official institution. This language is so negatively valued by its young native speakers that it will disappear if no institutional support comes from the government to help promote and maintain it.",bib1163,no +286-context-2,286,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic; French;"", ""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national language(s).\""""}",,,bib1244,yes +286-location-1,286,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[29.716681, 0.75011], [26.967624, -0.041962]]}",,"The language is found scattered around the area of Timimoun in the Gourara, north of the Department of Adrar. It is used in such villages as Ouled Said, Hadj Guelman, Sali, Tabelkoza, etc.",bib1163,no 286-location-2,286,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""]}",,,bib67,no -286-location-3,286,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.3413, 0.3955]]}",,,bib5307,no -286-speaker_number-1,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1235,yes -286-speakers-1,286,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1235,yes +286-location-3,286,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.3413, 0.3955]]}",,,bib5330,no +286-speaker_number-1,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1244,yes +286-speakers-1,286,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1244,yes 286-speaker_number-2,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 286-speakers-2,286,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 286-speaker_number-3,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 286-speakers-3,286,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -286-speaker_number-4,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -286-speakers-4,286,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -286-LEI-1,286,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1154,no -286-transmission-1,286,transmission,2,transmission-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1154,no -286-domains_of_use-1,286,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1154,no -286-speaker_number_trends-1,286,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1154,no -286-vitality-1,286,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1154,no -286-LEI-2,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -286-vitality-2,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes +286-speaker_number-4,286,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +286-speakers-4,286,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +286-LEI-1,286,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1163,no +286-transmission-1,286,transmission,2,transmission-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1163,no +286-domains_of_use-1,286,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1163,no +286-speaker_number_trends-1,286,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1163,no +286-vitality-1,286,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are no governmental institutions supporting Taznatit, it is not taught at school but is regularly used on the radio broadcast for two hours a day since 2006. Apart the Ahellil, songs of the Gourara written in Arabic script letters, the language does not have any other cultural manifestation.",bib1163,no +286-LEI-2,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +286-vitality-2,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes 286-LEI-3,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 286-vitality-3,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 286-LEI-4,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 286-vitality-4,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -286-LEI-5,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -286-vitality-5,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2887-location-1,2887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, 142.4]]}",,,bib5307,no +286-LEI-5,286,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +286-vitality-5,286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2887-location-1,2887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, 142.4]]}",,,bib5330,no 2887-location-2,2887,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -2887-speaker_number-1,2887,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2887-speakers-1,2887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2887-speaker_number-1,2887,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2887-speakers-1,2887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2887-speaker_number-2,2887,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes 2887-speakers-2,2887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,yes -2887-LEI-1,2887,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2887-vitality-1,2887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2887-LEI-1,2887,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2887-vitality-1,2887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2887-LEI-2,2887,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2887-vitality-2,2887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2891-context-1,2891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Only a few elderly people are reported to be fully fluent in all stylistic varieties of the language; Russian has become the principal language for the whole population.,bib6475,yes -2891-location-1,2891,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Amur, Villages of Tyr Beloklinka and Kal'ma""}",,,bib6474,no +2891-context-1,2891,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Only a few elderly people are reported to be fully fluent in all stylistic varieties of the language; Russian has become the principal language for the whole population.,bib6499,yes +2891-location-1,2891,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Amur, Villages of Tyr Beloklinka and Kal'ma""}",,,bib6498,no 2891-location-2,2891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0, 139.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2891-location-3,2891,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2891-location-4,2891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.942, 139.779]]}",,,bib5307,no -2891-location-5,2891,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""in the Amgun' basin, to the west of the lower Amur""}",,,bib6475,yes +2891-location-4,2891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.942, 139.779]]}",,,bib5330,no +2891-location-5,2891,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""in the Amgun' basin, to the west of the lower Amur""}",,,bib6499,yes 2891-location-6,2891,location,"{""Description"": ""The Negidals live on the banks of the River Amgun in the Khabarovsk District and fall into two groups: the Lower Amgun and the Upper Amgun Negidals. Separate families can be found over a much wider area, even among the Oroks on the Sakhalin island.""}",,,bib213,no -2891-speaker_number-1,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -2891-speakers-1,2891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no +2891-speaker_number-1,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +2891-speakers-1,2891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no 2891-speaker_number-2,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150. Ethnic population: 567.,bib67,no 2891-speakers-2,2891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""567"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150. Ethnic population: 567.,bib67,no -2891-speaker_number-3,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2891-speakers-3,2891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""147"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2891-speaker_number-4,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,yes -2891-speakers-4,2891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~600"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,yes +2891-speaker_number-3,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2891-speakers-3,2891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""147"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2891-speaker_number-4,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,yes +2891-speakers-4,2891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~600"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,yes 2891-speaker_number-5,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2891-speakers-5,2891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2891-speaker_number-6,2891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979 44.4%% of the 504 ethnic population were considered native speakers of Negidal, which is approximately 220.",bib213,no 2891-speakers-6,2891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""504"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979 44.4%% of the 504 ethnic population were considered native speakers of Negidal, which is approximately 220.",bib213,no -2891-LEI-1,2891,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2891-transmission-1,2891,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,no -2891-vitality-1,2891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2891-LEI-1,2891,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2891-transmission-1,2891,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,no +2891-vitality-1,2891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2891-LEI-2,2891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2891-vitality-2,2891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2891-LEI-3,2891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2891-vitality-3,2891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2891-LEI-4,2891,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -2891-transmission-4,2891,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,yes -2891-speaker_number_trends-4,2891,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -2891-vitality-4,2891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +2891-LEI-3,2891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2891-vitality-3,2891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2891-LEI-4,2891,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +2891-transmission-4,2891,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,yes +2891-speaker_number_trends-4,2891,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +2891-vitality-4,2891,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 2891-LEI-5,2891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2891-vitality-5,2891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2891-LEI-6,2891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2891-vitality-6,2891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -2893-context-1,2893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Dolgan""}",,,bib6474,no -2893-context-2,2893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Taimyr, Yakut Dolgan""}",,"There are still a few old speakers with little knowledge of Russian, or with a knowledge of a special Russian-based Taimyr pidgin only; middle-aged and younger speakers are, however, fully bilingual in Russian, with inevitable traces of Russian interference in native language use; some knowledge of Yakut Dolgan is also common.",bib6475,yes -2893-location-1,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Taymyr""}",,,bib6474,no +2893-context-1,2893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Dolgan""}",,,bib6498,no +2893-context-2,2893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Taimyr, Yakut Dolgan""}",,"There are still a few old speakers with little knowledge of Russian, or with a knowledge of a special Russian-based Taimyr pidgin only; middle-aged and younger speakers are, however, fully bilingual in Russian, with inevitable traces of Russian interference in native language use; some knowledge of Yakut Dolgan is also common.",bib6499,yes +2893-location-1,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Taymyr""}",,,bib6498,no 2893-location-2,2893,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.0, 93.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2893-location-3,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2893-location-4,2893,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[72.816, 91.582]]}",,,bib5307,no -2893-location-5,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The northernmost language of the Eurasian continent; on central Taimyr, in the regions of the Pyasina and Taimyra river systems, within the Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia; in two main groups (western and eastern), corresponding to a slight dialectal difference.""}",,,bib6475,yes +2893-location-4,2893,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[72.816, 91.582]]}",,,bib5330,no +2893-location-5,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The northernmost language of the Eurasian continent; on central Taimyr, in the regions of the Pyasina and Taimyra river systems, within the Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia; in two main groups (western and eastern), corresponding to a slight dialectal difference.""}",,,bib6499,yes 2893-location-6,2893,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""The Nganasans are the northernmost of the Samoyedic peoples, living on the Taymyr Peninsula in the Arctic Ocean. Administratively, their Arctic territory is part of the Taymyr Autonomous Region of the Krasnoyarsk district (formerly the Dolgan-Nenets National District).""}",,,bib213,no -2893-speaker_number-1,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -2893-speakers-1,2893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no +2893-speaker_number-1,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +2893-speakers-1,2893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no 2893-speaker_number-2,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500. Ethnic population: 834.,bib67,no 2893-speakers-2,2893,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""834"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500. Ethnic population: 834.,bib67,no -2893-speaker_number-3,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2893-speakers-3,2893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2893-speaker_number-4,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Generally, only individuals aged 40 or more are fully fluent in the language.",bib6475,yes -2893-speakers-4,2893,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,300"", ""Young Adults"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Generally, only individuals aged 40 or more are fully fluent in the language.",bib6475,yes +2893-speaker_number-3,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2893-speakers-3,2893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2893-speaker_number-4,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Generally, only individuals aged 40 or more are fully fluent in the language.",bib6499,yes +2893-speakers-4,2893,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,300"", ""Young Adults"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Generally, only individuals aged 40 or more are fully fluent in the language.",bib6499,yes 2893-speaker_number-5,2893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2893-speakers-5,2893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2893-speaker_number-6,2893,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, it was reported that 83.2%% of the ethnic population were native speakers, which is approximately 1,060.",bib213,no 2893-speakers-6,2893,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,278"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, it was reported that 83.2%% of the ethnic population were native speakers, which is approximately 1,060.",bib213,no -2893-LEI-1,2893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2893-transmission-1,2893,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -2893-vitality-1,2893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2893-LEI-1,2893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2893-transmission-1,2893,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +2893-vitality-1,2893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2893-LEI-2,2893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2893-vitality-2,2893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2893-LEI-3,2893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2893-vitality-3,2893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2893-LEI-4,2893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -2893-transmission-4,2893,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,yes -2893-speaker_number_trends-4,2893,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,yes -2893-vitality-4,2893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +2893-LEI-3,2893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2893-vitality-3,2893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2893-LEI-4,2893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +2893-transmission-4,2893,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,yes +2893-speaker_number_trends-4,2893,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,yes +2893-vitality-4,2893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 2893-LEI-5,2893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2893-vitality-5,2893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2893-LEI-6,2893,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no @@ -29347,218 +29533,218 @@ In Brazil: Amazonas state: Iauarete.",bib70,no 2893-speaker_number_trends-6,2893,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib213,no 2893-vitality-6,2893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib213,no 2894-location-1,2894,location,"{""Places"": [""Mato Grosso do Sul and Bolivian border, banks of the Paraguai and up S\u00e3o Louren\u00e7o river.""]}",,,bib68,no -2894-location-2,2894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.644, -57.6562]]}",,,bib5307,no -2894-location-3,2894,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, extreme northwestern Mato Grosso do Sul State, on the border\nbetween Bolivia and Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul states, north of Corumba and southwest of Pto. Jofre, Municipality of Corumba, Terra Ind\u0131gena Guato.""}",,,bib1903,yes +2894-location-2,2894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.644, -57.6562]]}",,,bib5330,no +2894-location-3,2894,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, extreme northwestern Mato Grosso do Sul State, on the border\nbetween Bolivia and Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul states, north of Corumba and southwest of Pto. Jofre, Municipality of Corumba, Terra Ind\u0131gena Guato.""}",,,bib1915,yes 2894-location-4,2894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.0, -58.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2894-speaker_number-1,2894,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib68,no 2894-speakers-1,2894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (speakers); 2008 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib68,no -2894-speaker_number-2,2894,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2894-speakers-2,2894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2894-speaker_number-3,2894,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,yes -2894-speakers-3,2894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""372"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,yes +2894-speaker_number-2,2894,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2894-speakers-2,2894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2894-speaker_number-3,2894,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,yes +2894-speakers-3,2894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""372"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,yes 2894-speaker_number-4,2894,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2894-speakers-4,2894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2894-LEI-1,2894,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2894-vitality-1,2894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2894-LEI-2,2894,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2894-vitality-2,2894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2894-LEI-3,2894,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2894-transmission-3,2894,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,yes -2894-speaker_number_trends-3,2894,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,yes -2894-vitality-3,2894,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,yes +2894-LEI-2,2894,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2894-vitality-2,2894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2894-LEI-3,2894,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2894-transmission-3,2894,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,yes +2894-speaker_number_trends-3,2894,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,yes +2894-vitality-3,2894,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,yes 2894-LEI-4,2894,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2894-vitality-4,2894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2896-context-1,2896,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: increasingly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian",bib6475,yes +2896-context-1,2896,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: increasingly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian",bib6499,yes 2896-context-2,2896,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"With the abolition of native language schools, an ethnic mix of schoolchildren became additional justification for using Russian in schooling. The trend toward bilingualism begun in the 1930s, soon gained momentum: by 1959 the figure was 23%. Russian is now by far the predominant language, and the Nivkhs are on their way from bilingualism back to monolingualism but this time with the Russian language.",bib213,no -2896-location-1,2896,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Poranaysk County""}",,,bib6474,no +2896-location-1,2896,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Poranaysk County""}",,,bib6498,no 2896-location-2,2896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.0, 142.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2896-location-3,2896,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -2896-location-4,2896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.7814, 143.1628]]}",,,bib5307,no -2896-location-5,2896,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on northern Sakhalin, on both the western and the eastern coast, within Sakhalin Oblast, Russia""}",,"A small group of Sakhalin Nivkh speakers used to live in the southern part of the island (Karafuto), from where individuals were evacuated (after 1945) to Hokkaido, Japan; a few of these Sakhalin Nivkh emigrants survived until recently.",bib6475,yes +2896-location-4,2896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.7814, 143.1628]]}",,,bib5330,no +2896-location-5,2896,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on northern Sakhalin, on both the western and the eastern coast, within Sakhalin Oblast, Russia""}",,"A small group of Sakhalin Nivkh speakers used to live in the southern part of the island (Karafuto), from where individuals were evacuated (after 1945) to Hokkaido, Japan; a few of these Sakhalin Nivkh emigrants survived until recently.",bib6499,yes 2896-location-6,2896,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nivkhs live in the Far East, on the Lower Amur, on the coast of the Ohkotsk Sea on the river's estuary, and on Sakhalin Island (Yh-mif in the Nivkh language). In the administrative sense, they belong to the Khabarovsk district of the Russian Federation (the districts of Takhatin and Lower Amur), and Sakhalin region (the districts of Rybinov, Kirov, Alexandrov and Shirokopad)""}",,,bib213,no -2896-speaker_number-1,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -2896-speakers-1,2896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no +2896-speaker_number-1,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +2896-speakers-1,2896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no 2896-speaker_number-2,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Ethnic population: 2,000 Amur, 2,700 Sakhalin (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no 2896-speakers-2,2896,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,162"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Ethnic population: 2,000 Amur, 2,700 Sakhalin (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no -2896-speaker_number-3,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2896-speakers-3,2896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""688"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2896-speaker_number-4,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,yes -2896-speakers-4,2896,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,yes +2896-speaker_number-3,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2896-speakers-3,2896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""688"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2896-speaker_number-4,2896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,yes +2896-speakers-4,2896,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,yes 2896-speaker_number-5,2896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2896-speakers-5,2896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,089"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2896-speaker_number-6,2896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989 the native speaker population was calculated as 23.3 % of the 4,673 over all population. Approximately 1,080.",bib213,no 2896-speakers-6,2896,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,673"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989 the native speaker population was calculated as 23.3 % of the 4,673 over all population. Approximately 1,080.",bib213,no -2896-LEI-1,2896,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -2896-transmission-1,2896,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,no -2896-vitality-1,2896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +2896-LEI-1,2896,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +2896-transmission-1,2896,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,no +2896-vitality-1,2896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 2896-LEI-2,2896,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2896-vitality-2,2896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2896-LEI-3,2896,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2896-vitality-3,2896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2896-LEI-4,2896,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6475,yes -2896-transmission-4,2896,transmission,3,transmission-3,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6475,yes -2896-speaker_number_trends-4,2896,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6475,yes -2896-vitality-4,2896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6475,yes +2896-LEI-3,2896,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2896-vitality-3,2896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2896-LEI-4,2896,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6499,yes +2896-transmission-4,2896,transmission,3,transmission-3,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6499,yes +2896-speaker_number_trends-4,2896,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6499,yes +2896-vitality-4,2896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"children speakers: very few, if any, though there is information that Sakhalin Nivkh is somewhat more vigorous than Amur Nivkh",bib6499,yes 2896-LEI-5,2896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2896-vitality-5,2896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2896-LEI-6,2896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2896-vitality-6,2896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 2897-context-1,2897,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2897-location-1,2897,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia and Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Caucasia, Southern Russia, Romania""}",,,bib6474,yes +2897-location-1,2897,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia and Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Caucasia, Southern Russia, Romania""}",,,bib6498,yes 2897-location-2,2897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.3333333333, 48.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2897-location-3,2897,location,"{""Places"": [""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia"", ""Ukraine"", ""Romania""]}",,,bib67,no -2897-location-4,2897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.8028, 46.2744]]}",,,bib5307,no -2897-speaker_number-1,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -2897-speakers-1,2897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +2897-location-4,2897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.8028, 46.2744]]}",,,bib5330,no +2897-speaker_number-1,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +2897-speakers-1,2897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 2897-speaker_number-2,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"90,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no 2897-speakers-2,2897,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"90,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no -2897-speaker_number-3,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2897-speakers-3,2897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90,020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2897-speaker_number-3,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2897-speakers-3,2897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90,020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2897-speaker_number-4,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2897-speakers-4,2897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""67,806"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2897-speaker_number-5,2897,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to various estimates, the Nogay population amounted from 60,000 to 80,000 in 1990. The presence and standing of the Nogays on their historical territories has decreased.",bib213,no 2897-speakers-5,2897,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""52,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to various estimates, the Nogay population amounted from 60,000 to 80,000 in 1990. The presence and standing of the Nogays on their historical territories has decreased.",bib213,no -2897-LEI-1,2897,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -2897-transmission-1,2897,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -2897-domains_of_use-1,2897,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6474,yes -2897-vitality-1,2897,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes +2897-LEI-1,2897,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +2897-transmission-1,2897,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +2897-domains_of_use-1,2897,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6498,yes +2897-vitality-1,2897,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes 2897-LEI-2,2897,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2897-vitality-2,2897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -2897-LEI-3,2897,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2897-vitality-3,2897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2897-LEI-3,2897,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2897-vitality-3,2897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2897-LEI-4,2897,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2897-vitality-4,2897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2897-LEI-5,2897,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2897-vitality-5,2897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 2898-context-1,2898,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""\""Taught in primary schools in most villages.\""""}",,,bib68,no 2898-location-1,2898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.83333333333, -72.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2898-location-2,2898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6028, -72.3999]]}",,,bib5307,no -2898-location-3,2898,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, east, Department of Guaviare, on the upper course of the Guaviare, to the east of San Jose del Guaviare in Barrancon, Barranco\nSalado, Barranco Colorado or Barrranco Alto or Bellavista, Barranco Ceiba, Laguna Araguato, Laguna Barajas, Macuare and La Fuga.""}",,,bib1903,no +2898-location-2,2898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.6028, -72.3999]]}",,,bib5330,no +2898-location-3,2898,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, east, Department of Guaviare, on the upper course of the Guaviare, to the east of San Jose del Guaviare in Barrancon, Barranco\nSalado, Barranco Colorado or Barrranco Alto or Bellavista, Barranco Ceiba, Laguna Araguato, Laguna Barajas, Macuare and La Fuga.""}",,,bib1915,no 2898-location-4,2898,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Meta and Guaviare departments, Upper Guaviare River.""}",,,bib68,no -2898-speaker_number-1,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2898-speakers-1,2898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2898-speakers-2,2898,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,060""}",,,bib1903,no +2898-speaker_number-1,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2898-speakers-1,2898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2898-speakers-2,2898,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,060""}",,,bib1915,no 2898-speaker_number-3,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 2898-speakers-3,2898,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (speakers); 2007 (population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 2898-speaker_number-4,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2898-speakers-4,2898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2898-speaker_number-5,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,118; Censo 2005: 617",bib6064,yes -2898-speakers-5,2898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,118; Censo 2005: 617",bib6064,yes -2898-LEI-1,2898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2898-vitality-1,2898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2898-speaker_number-5,2898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,118; Censo 2005: 617",bib6088,yes +2898-speakers-5,2898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 1,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,118; Censo 2005: 617",bib6088,yes +2898-LEI-1,2898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2898-vitality-1,2898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2898-LEI-2,2898,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib68,no 2898-transmission-2,2898,transmission,0,transmission-0,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib68,no 2898-domains_of_use-2,2898,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib68,no 2898-vitality-2,2898,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib68,no 2898-LEI-3,2898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2898-vitality-3,2898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2898-LEI-4,2898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,yes -2898-vitality-4,2898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,yes +2898-LEI-4,2898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,yes +2898-vitality-4,2898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,yes 2899-location-1,2899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-41.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2899-location-2,2899,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Chile""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2899-location-2,2899,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Chile""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2899-location-3,2899,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Pampas, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Buenos Aires.""}",,"Pampas, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Buenos Aires.",bib67,no 2899-speaker_number-1,2899,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2899-speakers-1,2899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2899-speakers-2,2899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known native speaker died in 1960.,bib2610,no -2899-speakers-3,2899,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,585"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The language has been dormant since 1960-1970.,bib1902,yes +2899-speakers-2,2899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known native speaker died in 1960.,bib2623,no +2899-speakers-3,2899,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,585"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The language has been dormant since 1960-1970.,bib1914,yes 2899-speaker_number-4,2899,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"No known L1 speakers. The last L1 speaker was Trruúlmani, a woman who died in 1934 (2013).",bib67,no 2899-speakers-4,2899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"No known L1 speakers. The last L1 speaker was Trruúlmani, a woman who died in 1934 (2013).",bib67,no 2899-LEI-1,2899,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2899-vitality-1,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2899-LEI-2,2899,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2610,no -2899-vitality-2,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2610,no -2899-LEI-3,2899,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -2899-vitality-3,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +2899-LEI-2,2899,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2623,no +2899-vitality-2,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2623,no +2899-LEI-3,2899,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +2899-vitality-3,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 2899-LEI-4,2899,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2899-vitality-4,2899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -290-context-1,290,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national languages.\""""}",,,bib1235,yes +290-context-1,290,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Algeria: \""Amazigh language(s) are national languages.\""""}",,,bib1244,yes 290-location-1,290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.0, 6.0]]}",,,bib216,no 290-location-2,290,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger"", ""Libya"", ""Algeria""]}",,,bib67,no 290-speaker_number-1,290,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 290-speakers-1,290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -290-speaker_number-2,290,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1235,yes -290-speakers-2,290,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1235,yes -290-speaker_number-3,290,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -290-speakers-3,290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +290-speaker_number-2,290,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1244,yes +290-speakers-2,290,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1244,yes +290-speaker_number-3,290,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +290-speakers-3,290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 290-speaker_number-4,290,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"25,000 in Algeria (1987). Includes 20,000 Hoggar, 5,000 Ghat. Population total all countries: 62,000.",bib67,no 290-speakers-4,290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"25,000 in Algeria (1987). Includes 20,000 Hoggar, 5,000 Ghat. Population total all countries: 62,000.",bib67,no 290-LEI-1,290,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 290-vitality-1,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -290-LEI-2,290,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -290-vitality-2,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes -290-LEI-3,290,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -290-vitality-3,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +290-LEI-2,290,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +290-vitality-2,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes +290-LEI-3,290,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +290-vitality-3,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 290-LEI-4,290,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 290-vitality-4,290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2902-context-1,2902,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -2902-location-1,2902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.075, -65.6323]]}",,,bib5307,no +2902-location-1,2902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.075, -65.6323]]}",,,bib5330,no 2902-location-2,2902,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"Bolivar state: Kaima River, a Cuchivero river tributary; Amazonas state: isolated groups on Iguana, an Asita river tributary, and on the Parucito, a Manapiare River tributary.",bib70,no -2902-location-3,2902,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Venezuela, jungle area on the borderline between Amazonas\nand Bolivar states, to the north and northwest of San Juan de Manapiare,\nbetween the Kaima, Cuchivero, Parucito, and Asita rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no +2902-location-3,2902,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Venezuela, jungle area on the borderline between Amazonas\nand Bolivar states, to the north and northwest of San Juan de Manapiare,\nbetween the Kaima, Cuchivero, Parucito, and Asita rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no 2902-location-4,2902,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"Central Venezuela. A northern group is in Bolivar division on the Kaima River, a Cuchivero River tributary; an isolated southern group in Amazonas on the Iguana, an Asita River tributary, and on the Parucito, a Manapiare River tributary.",bib67,yes -2902-speaker_number-1,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2902-speakers-1,2902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2902-speaker_number-1,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2902-speakers-1,2902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2902-speaker_number-2,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2902-speakers-2,2902,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -2902-speaker_number-3,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2902-speakers-3,2902,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2902-speaker_number-3,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2902-speakers-3,2902,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2902-speaker_number-4,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2902-speakers-4,2902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2902-speaker_number-5,2902,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1970 census.,bib67,yes 2902-speakers-5,2902,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""767"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1970 census.,bib67,yes -2902-LEI-1,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2902-vitality-1,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2902-LEI-1,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2902-vitality-1,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2902-LEI-2,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2902-vitality-2,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2902-LEI-3,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2902-vitality-3,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2902-LEI-3,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2902-vitality-3,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2902-LEI-4,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2902-vitality-4,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2902-LEI-5,2902,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2902-vitality-5,2902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 2905-location-1,2905,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.8333333333, -98.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2905-location-2,2905,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""\""In a border area of the states of Guerrero...and Oaxaca...not far from the Pacific coast\"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).""}",,,bib6077,yes +2905-location-2,2905,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""\""In a border area of the states of Guerrero...and Oaxaca...not far from the Pacific coast\"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).""}",,,bib6101,yes 2905-location-3,2905,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Guerrero, Xochistlahuaca municipality, Zacoalpan, Cochoapa, Huehuetonoc, Tlacoachistlahuaca, Guadalupe Victoria, Cozoyoapan, Huistepec, and Rancho del Cura. Santa Catarina River separates Guerrero variety from Oaxaca varieties.""}",,,bib67,no 2905-speaker_number-1,2905,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib117,no 2905-speakers-1,2905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,228"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib117,no -2905-speaker_number-2,2905,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"16,205 speakers in Guerrero; 2,454 speakers in Oaxaca; ""Amuzgo is said to have the highest percentage of monolinguals (38 per cent) among all native languages of Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6077,yes -2905-speakers-2,2905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"16,205 speakers in Guerrero; 2,454 speakers in Oaxaca; ""Amuzgo is said to have the highest percentage of monolinguals (38 per cent) among all native languages of Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6077,yes +2905-speaker_number-2,2905,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"16,205 speakers in Guerrero; 2,454 speakers in Oaxaca; ""Amuzgo is said to have the highest percentage of monolinguals (38 per cent) among all native languages of Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6101,yes +2905-speakers-2,2905,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"16,205 speakers in Guerrero; 2,454 speakers in Oaxaca; ""Amuzgo is said to have the highest percentage of monolinguals (38 per cent) among all native languages of Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6101,yes 2905-speaker_number-3,2905,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 monolinguals (1990 census)",bib67,no 2905-speakers-3,2905,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1990 census"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 monolinguals (1990 census)",bib67,no 2905-LEI-1,2905,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib117,no 2905-vitality-1,2905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib117,no -2905-LEI-2,2905,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,yes -2905-vitality-2,2905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,yes +2905-LEI-2,2905,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,yes +2905-vitality-2,2905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,yes 2905-LEI-3,2905,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2905-vitality-3,2905,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2906-location-1,2906,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Highlands and high valleys, east Andes north of La Paz, Charazani area north of Lake Titicaca.""}",,,bib68,no -2906-location-2,2906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1357, -69.1699]]}",,,bib5307,no -2906-location-3,2906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1357, -69.1699]]}",,,bib2680,no -2906-location-4,2906,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1422,yes +2906-location-2,2906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1357, -69.1699]]}",,,bib5330,no +2906-location-3,2906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1357, -69.1699]]}",,,bib2693,no +2906-location-4,2906,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1434,yes 2906-speakers-1,2906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,Ostensibly a specialized language used by successors to the herb doctors of Inca emperors. Probably extinct. Adult men only.,bib68,no -2906-speaker_number-2,2906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2906-speakers-2,2906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2906-speaker_number-2,2906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2906-speakers-2,2906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2906-speaker_number-3,2906,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"While much recent scholarship ... on Kallawaya rituals, has drawn attention to the virtual disappearance of this code among practicing Kallawayas today, I found knowledge and use of Sejo/Machaj Juyay to be widely-distributed among healers, even if one’s individual competence was relatively shallow. -(Because Kallawaya is a secret code of healers, and because degree of competence is difficult to assess, it is difficult to determine an exact number of speakers.)",bib1422,yes +(Because Kallawaya is a secret code of healers, and because degree of competence is difficult to assess, it is difficult to determine an exact number of speakers.)",bib1434,yes 2906-speakers-3,2906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"While much recent scholarship ... on Kallawaya rituals, has drawn attention to the virtual disappearance of this code among practicing Kallawayas today, I found knowledge and use of Sejo/Machaj Juyay to be widely-distributed among healers, even if one’s individual competence was relatively shallow. -(Because Kallawaya is a secret code of healers, and because degree of competence is difficult to assess, it is difficult to determine an exact number of speakers.)",bib1422,yes +(Because Kallawaya is a secret code of healers, and because degree of competence is difficult to assess, it is difficult to determine an exact number of speakers.)",bib1434,yes 2906-LEI-1,2906,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 2906-vitality-1,2906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -2906-LEI-2,2906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2906-vitality-2,2906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2906-LEI-3,2906,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1422,yes -2906-vitality-3,2906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1422,yes -2907-context-1,2907,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,no +2906-LEI-2,2906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2906-vitality-2,2906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2906-LEI-3,2906,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1434,yes +2906-vitality-3,2906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1434,yes +2907-context-1,2907,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,no 2907-location-1,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Acre, Sena Madureira and Assis municipalities, Terra Ind\u00edgena Mamoadate.""}",,"Acre, Sena Madureira and Assis municipalities, Terra Indígena Mamoadate.",bib67,no 2907-location-2,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Bolivia""]}",,"In Brazil: Acre state: Assis and Sena Madureira municipalities, Terra Indígena Mamoadate. In Bolivia: Pando department, Nicolás Suárez province, Bolpebra municipality, San Miguel; on the Acre River.",bib70,no 2907-location-3,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""In Brazil: Federal State Acre at the border to Peru in the protected area Mamoadate on the bank of the Rio Yaco near municipalities Sena Madureira and Assis Brasil.""}",,"In Bolivia: dDpartment Pando in the municipality Bolpebra; San Miguel community (http://wikipedia.qwika.com/de2en/Machineri)",bib230,no -2907-location-4,2907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5742, -70.4882]]}",,,bib5307,no -2907-location-5,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Acre State and Department of Vaup\u00e9s""}",,,bib1903,no -2907-location-6,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Terra Ind\u00edgena Mamoadate in the State of Acre, in northern Brazil""}",,,bib8224,no -2907-location-7,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia) and Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2907-location-4,2907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5742, -70.4882]]}",,,bib5330,no +2907-location-5,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Acre State and Department of Vaup\u00e9s""}",,,bib1915,no +2907-location-6,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Terra Ind\u00edgena Mamoadate in the State of Acre, in northern Brazil""}",,,bib8249,no +2907-location-7,2907,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia) and Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2907-speaker_number-1,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 260 speakers in Brazil (ISA 1999). 940 in Brazil (2004 CPI-AC). Population total all countries: 1,080 (2013).",bib67,no @@ -29569,39 +29755,39 @@ In Bolivia: Pando department, Nicolás Suárez province, Bolpebra municipality, 2907-speakers-2,2907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"940 in Brazil (2004), 140 in Bolivia (1994)",bib70,no 2907-speaker_number-3,2907,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Piro ... belongs to the Piro group which also includes Iñapari (†) and Apurinã. The principal variety is Yine. The Manchineri who live in Brazil (Acre) and reportedly also in Bolivia speak what may be a dialect of Yine (https:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yine_language, accessed 10-11-2014).",bib230,no 2907-speakers-3,2907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000 for Piro (includes \""Manchineri\"", possible dialect of \""Yine\""."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Piro ... belongs to the Piro group which also includes Iñapari (†) and Apurinã. The principal variety is Yine. The Manchineri who live in Brazil (Acre) and reportedly also in Bolivia speak what may be a dialect of Yine (https:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yine_language, accessed 10-11-2014).",bib230,no -2907-speaker_number-4,2907,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2907-speakers-4,2907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,077"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2907-speaker_number-5,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,140 in Bolivia,bib1903,no -2907-speakers-5,2907,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""614"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,140 in Bolivia,bib1903,no +2907-speaker_number-4,2907,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2907-speakers-4,2907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,077"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2907-speaker_number-5,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,140 in Bolivia,bib1915,no +2907-speakers-5,2907,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""614"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,140 in Bolivia,bib1915,no 2907-speaker_number-6,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2907-speakers-6,2907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2907-speaker_number-7,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,13 speakers out of a population of 30 in Bolivia; and 937 speakers in Brazil (2004),bib1902,yes -2907-speakers-7,2907,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""967"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,13 speakers out of a population of 30 in Bolivia; and 937 speakers in Brazil (2004),bib1902,yes +2907-speaker_number-7,2907,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,13 speakers out of a population of 30 in Bolivia; and 937 speakers in Brazil (2004),bib1914,yes +2907-speakers-7,2907,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""967"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,13 speakers out of a population of 30 in Bolivia; and 937 speakers in Brazil (2004),bib1914,yes 2907-LEI-1,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2907-vitality-1,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2907-LEI-2,2907,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2907-vitality-2,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 2907-LEI-3,2907,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib230,no 2907-vitality-3,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib230,no -2907-LEI-4,2907,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2907-vitality-4,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2907-LEI-5,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2907-vitality-5,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2907-LEI-4,2907,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2907-vitality-4,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2907-LEI-5,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2907-vitality-5,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2907-LEI-6,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2907-vitality-6,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2907-LEI-7,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2907-vitality-7,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2909-location-1,2909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.699319, -64.980583]]}",,,bib7945,no -2909-location-2,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Beni, Province of\nMoxos, around San Ignacio de Moxos (Ignaciano) and Department of Beni, Provinces of Cercado, Moxos (TIPNIS) and Ballivian, Trinidad (Trinitario).""}",,,bib1903,no -2909-location-3,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia / Oriente)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2907-LEI-7,2907,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2907-vitality-7,2907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2909-location-1,2909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.699319, -64.980583]]}",,,bib7970,no +2909-location-2,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Beni, Province of\nMoxos, around San Ignacio de Moxos (Ignaciano) and Department of Beni, Provinces of Cercado, Moxos (TIPNIS) and Ballivian, Trinidad (Trinitario).""}",,,bib1915,no +2909-location-3,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia / Oriente)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2909-location-4,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (Amazonia)""]}",,,,no 2909-location-5,2909,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""South central Beni""}",,,bib67,no 2909-speaker_number-1,2909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2909-speakers-1,2909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2909-speaker_number-2,2909,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The Mojo language consists of the two subgroups Ignaciano and Trinitario. For both groups an alarmingly rapid loss of language is reported among the youth.,bib1903,no -2909-speakers-2,2909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The Mojo language consists of the two subgroups Ignaciano and Trinitario. For both groups an alarmingly rapid loss of language is reported among the youth.,bib1903,no -2909-speaker_number-3,2909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2909-speakers-3,2909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2909-speaker_number-2,2909,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The Mojo language consists of the two subgroups Ignaciano and Trinitario. For both groups an alarmingly rapid loss of language is reported among the youth.,bib1915,no +2909-speakers-2,2909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The Mojo language consists of the two subgroups Ignaciano and Trinitario. For both groups an alarmingly rapid loss of language is reported among the youth.,bib1915,no +2909-speaker_number-3,2909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2909-speakers-3,2909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2909-speakers-4,2909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,140""}",,"Crevels lists Moxo (Mojeño) with two varieties, Trinitario with 3,140 speakers, 30,000 population, and Ignaciano with 1,080 speakers, 2,000 populations.",,no 2909-speaker_number-5,2909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 20,805 with Ignaciano (Adelaar 2000). @@ -29611,22 +29797,22 @@ In Bolivia: Pando department, Nicolás Suárez province, Bolpebra municipality, 5,500 (2000 SIL). Ethnic population: 20,800 (2000 W. Adelaar). 20,800 includes the Ignaciano [ign] (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 2909-LEI-1,2909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2909-vitality-1,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2909-LEI-2,2909,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2909-vitality-2,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2909-LEI-3,2909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2909-vitality-3,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2909-LEI-2,2909,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2909-vitality-2,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2909-LEI-3,2909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2909-vitality-3,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2909-LEI-4,2909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2909-vitality-4,2909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -291-context-1,291,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Algeria: Amazigh language(s) are national language. Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1235,yes -291-location-1,291,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken in a small oasis near the Algerian-Tunisian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[30.1166, 9.5251]]}",,,bib5307,no -291-speaker_number-1,291,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1235,yes -291-speakers-1,291,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1235,yes -291-speaker_number-2,291,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The figures [2000] are the ones provided in Ethnologue. The figure concerns the population in Libya. The total population in all countries is estimated to 4000.,bib5307,no -291-speakers-2,291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The figures [2000] are the ones provided in Ethnologue. The figure concerns the population in Libya. The total population in all countries is estimated to 4000.,bib5307,no -291-LEI-1,291,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -291-vitality-1,291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes -291-LEI-2,291,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -291-vitality-2,291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +291-context-1,291,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Algeria: Amazigh language(s) are national language. Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1244,yes +291-location-1,291,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken in a small oasis near the Algerian-Tunisian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[30.1166, 9.5251]]}",,,bib5330,no +291-speaker_number-1,291,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1244,yes +291-speakers-1,291,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1244,yes +291-speaker_number-2,291,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The figures [2000] are the ones provided in Ethnologue. The figure concerns the population in Libya. The total population in all countries is estimated to 4000.,bib5330,no +291-speakers-2,291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The figures [2000] are the ones provided in Ethnologue. The figure concerns the population in Libya. The total population in all countries is estimated to 4000.,bib5330,no +291-LEI-1,291,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +291-vitality-1,291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes +291-LEI-2,291,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +291-vitality-2,291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2910-location-1,2910,location,"{""Places"": [""(General note: provincia de Moxos, departamento del Beni, Bolivia)""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.1666666667, -65.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,yes 2910-location-2,2910,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""South central Beni.""}",,,bib67,no 2910-speaker_number-1,2910,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -29641,127 +29827,127 @@ In Bolivia: Pando department, Nicolás Suárez province, Bolpebra municipality, 2910-vitality-1,2910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2910-LEI-2,2910,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2910-vitality-2,2910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2911-location-1,2911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -64.9731]]}",,,bib5307,no -2911-location-2,2911,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no +2911-location-1,2911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -64.9731]]}",,,bib5330,no +2911-location-2,2911,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no 2911-location-3,2911,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""North central Beni Department at junction of Mamor\u00e9 and It\u00e9nez rivers.""}",,,bib67,no -2911-speaker_number-1,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2911-speakers-1,2911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2911-speaker_number-2,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Angenot de Lima (2002), twelve out of eighty-six speakers and thirty out of 200 members of the ethnic group live in Brazil, whereas the majority of speakers and members of the ethnic group live in Bolivia.",bib1903,no -2911-speakers-2,2911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Angenot de Lima (2002), twelve out of eighty-six speakers and thirty out of 200 members of the ethnic group live in Brazil, whereas the majority of speakers and members of the ethnic group live in Bolivia.",bib1903,no -2911-speaker_number-3,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -2911-speakers-3,2911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""64"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes +2911-speaker_number-1,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2911-speakers-1,2911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2911-speaker_number-2,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Angenot de Lima (2002), twelve out of eighty-six speakers and thirty out of 200 members of the ethnic group live in Brazil, whereas the majority of speakers and members of the ethnic group live in Bolivia.",bib1915,no +2911-speakers-2,2911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""86"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Angenot de Lima (2002), twelve out of eighty-six speakers and thirty out of 200 members of the ethnic group live in Brazil, whereas the majority of speakers and members of the ethnic group live in Bolivia.",bib1915,no +2911-speaker_number-3,2911,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +2911-speakers-3,2911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""64"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes 2911-speakers-4,2911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""108"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers.""}",,"Data for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000). 75 in Bolivia (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 87. Ethnic population: 200 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -2911-LEI-1,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2911-vitality-1,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2911-LEI-2,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2911-vitality-2,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2911-LEI-3,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2911-vitality-3,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2911-LEI-1,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2911-vitality-1,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2911-LEI-2,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2911-vitality-2,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2911-LEI-3,2911,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2911-vitality-3,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2911-LEI-4,2911,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 2911-vitality-4,2911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -2913-location-1,2913,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Principally in San Pedro Nuevo, municipio de San Javier, Cercada province, Beni department""}",,,bib1899,yes -2913-location-2,2913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.5835, -64.9731]]}",,,bib5307,no +2913-location-1,2913,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Principally in San Pedro Nuevo, municipio de San Javier, Cercada province, Beni department""}",,,bib1911,yes +2913-location-2,2913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.5835, -64.9731]]}",,,bib5330,no 2913-location-3,2913,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Lowlands.""}",,Lowlands.,bib67,no 2913-speakers-1,2913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,"""hoy probablemente extinta"" (p. 415). ""De los 404 canichanas registrados en el censo 2001, 4 personas afirmaban ser hablantes de la lengua canichana. Sin embargo, durante mi intensa busqueda de los últimos hablantes de la lengua entre 1999-2001 ... sólo encontré a tres ancianos, entre 75-80 años, que todavía se acordaban de algunas palabras y una o dos frases sueltas"" (p. 418) -[Today probably extinct"" (p. 415). ""Of the 404 Canichanas recorded in the 2001 Census, 4 persons claimed to be speakers of the Canichana language. Yet during my intense search for the last speakers of the language in 1999-2001 ... I only found three old persons, between 75 -80 years, who still remembered some words and one or two single sentences ""(p. 418)]",bib1899,yes -2913-speaker_number-2,2913,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2913-speakers-2,2913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +[Today probably extinct"" (p. 415). ""Of the 404 Canichanas recorded in the 2001 Census, 4 persons claimed to be speakers of the Canichana language. Yet during my intense search for the last speakers of the language in 1999-2001 ... I only found three old persons, between 75 -80 years, who still remembered some words and one or two single sentences ""(p. 418)]",bib1911,yes +2913-speaker_number-2,2913,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2913-speakers-2,2913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 2913-speakers-3,2913,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""583"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers.""}",,"Data for the ethnic population comes from Adelaar (2000). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 1,550 (2001 DNPI). (2013, speakers unchanged.)",bib67,no -2913-LEI-1,2913,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1899,yes -2913-vitality-1,2913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1899,yes -2913-LEI-2,2913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2913-vitality-2,2913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2913-LEI-1,2913,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1911,yes +2913-vitality-1,2913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1911,yes +2913-LEI-2,2913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2913-vitality-2,2913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2913-LEI-3,2913,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 2913-vitality-3,2913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 2914-location-1,2914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.8333333333, -64.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2914-location-2,2914,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib67,no -2914-location-3,2914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.6246, -63.5668]]}",,,bib5307,no -2914-location-4,2914,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2914-location-3,2914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.6246, -63.5668]]}",,,bib5330,no +2914-location-4,2914,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2914-speaker_number-1,2914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Crevels (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000). 5 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 2,940 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no 2914-speakers-1,2914,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Crevels (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000). 5 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 2,940 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no -2914-speaker_number-2,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2914-speakers-2,2914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2914-speaker_number-3,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of the ethnic group must be considerably lower than the 5,090 registered by the 1994 Indigenous Census, since group membership rather than ethnicity seems to have played a crucial role in this census. Thus, anyone born in Magdalena – or anywhere else in the Province of Itenez for that matter – is considered to be, or considers himself to be Itonama, including whites, mestizos and criollos.",bib1903,no -2914-speakers-3,2914,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of the ethnic group must be considerably lower than the 5,090 registered by the 1994 Indigenous Census, since group membership rather than ethnicity seems to have played a crucial role in this census. Thus, anyone born in Magdalena – or anywhere else in the Province of Itenez for that matter – is considered to be, or considers himself to be Itonama, including whites, mestizos and criollos.",bib1903,no +2914-speaker_number-2,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2914-speakers-2,2914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2914-speaker_number-3,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of the ethnic group must be considerably lower than the 5,090 registered by the 1994 Indigenous Census, since group membership rather than ethnicity seems to have played a crucial role in this census. Thus, anyone born in Magdalena – or anywhere else in the Province of Itenez for that matter – is considered to be, or considers himself to be Itonama, including whites, mestizos and criollos.",bib1915,no +2914-speakers-3,2914,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of the ethnic group must be considerably lower than the 5,090 registered by the 1994 Indigenous Census, since group membership rather than ethnicity seems to have played a crucial role in this census. Thus, anyone born in Magdalena – or anywhere else in the Province of Itenez for that matter – is considered to be, or considers himself to be Itonama, including whites, mestizos and criollos.",bib1915,no 2914-speaker_number-4,2914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2914-speakers-4,2914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2914-speaker_number-5,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1902,yes -2914-speakers-5,2914,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2791"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1902,yes +2914-speaker_number-5,2914,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1914,yes +2914-speakers-5,2914,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2791"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1914,yes 2914-LEI-1,2914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2914-vitality-1,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2914-LEI-2,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2914-vitality-2,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2914-LEI-3,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2914-vitality-3,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2914-LEI-2,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2914-vitality-2,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2914-LEI-3,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2914-vitality-3,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2914-LEI-4,2914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2914-vitality-4,2914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2914-LEI-5,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1902,yes -2914-transmission-5,2914,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1902,yes -2914-vitality-5,2914,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1902,yes -2915-location-1,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1439,no +2914-LEI-5,2914,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1914,yes +2914-transmission-5,2914,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1914,yes +2914-vitality-5,2914,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The 2001 census registered 389 speakers of Itonama, while today no more than one elderly speaker remains (p. 173).",bib1914,yes +2915-location-1,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1451,no 2915-location-2,2915,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.0, -67.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 2915-location-3,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Lake Titicaca east; Apolo area; scattered on Mapiri-Kaka river in Karura, Candelaria, Tutilimundi, and Uyapi; Coroico river in Trapichiponte in KeleKelera; Pucasucho, Inca, Trinidad, Mulihuara, Chirimayo, Muiri, Ilipana Yuyo, Munaypata, Irimo, Correo, Santo Domingo.""}",,,bib67,no -2915-location-4,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""On the Mapiri River\u2019s banks .""]}",,,bib2624,no -2915-location-5,2915,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.586, -67.9064]]}",,,bib5307,no -2915-location-6,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib7536,yes -2915-location-7,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of La Paz, provinces of Franz Tamayo, Nor-Yungas, Caranavi y Larecaja, municipalities of Apolo and Guanay, Trapiche Ponte.""}",,,bib1903,no +2915-location-4,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""On the Mapiri River\u2019s banks .""]}",,,bib2637,no +2915-location-5,2915,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.586, -67.9064]]}",,,bib5330,no +2915-location-6,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib7561,yes +2915-location-7,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Department of La Paz, provinces of Franz Tamayo, Nor-Yungas, Caranavi y Larecaja, municipalities of Apolo and Guanay, Trapiche Ponte.""}",,,bib1915,no 2915-location-8,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Lake Titicaca east; Apolo area; scattered on Mapiri-Kaka river in Karura, Candelaria, Tutilimundi, and Uyapi; Coroico river in Trapichiponte in KeleKelera; Pucasucho, Inca, Trinidad, Mulihuara, Chirimayo, Muiri, Ilipana Yuyo, Munaypata, Irimo, Correo, Santo Domingo.",bib68,no -2915-location-9,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,no -2915-speaker_number-1,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7935,no -2915-speakers-1,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7935,no -2915-speakers-2,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1439,no +2915-location-9,2915,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,no +2915-speaker_number-1,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7960,no +2915-speakers-1,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7960,no +2915-speakers-2,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1451,no 2915-speaker_number-3,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. van de Kerke (2001). The number for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000).,bib67,no 2915-speakers-3,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. van de Kerke (2001). The number for the ethnic population is from Adelaar (2000).,bib67,no -2915-speakers-4,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""The Leco from north of La Paz were considered to have disappeared by the end of the twentieth century.\n\nThe Leco language was still spoken two or three generations ago on the Mapiri\u2019s banks .""}",,,bib2624,no -2915-speaker_number-5,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2915-speakers-5,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2915-speakers-4,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""The Leco from north of La Paz were considered to have disappeared by the end of the twentieth century.\n\nThe Leco language was still spoken two or three generations ago on the Mapiri\u2019s banks .""}",,,bib2637,no +2915-speaker_number-5,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2915-speakers-5,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2915-speakers-6,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,"""los lekos han logrado sobrevivir como grupo indígena, aunque han perdido su lengua"" (p 288) ""siguen viviendo unos semihablantes"" (p. 288) [the Lecos have managed to survive as an indigenous group, although they have lost their language] -[some semispeakers are still alive].",bib7536,yes -2915-speakers-7,2915,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""80""}",,,bib1903,no +[some semispeakers are still alive].",bib7561,yes +2915-speakers-7,2915,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""80""}",,,bib1915,no 2915-speaker_number-8,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib68,no 2915-speakers-8,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2001, ethnic populations 2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib68,no 2915-speaker_number-9,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2915-speakers-9,2915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2915-speaker_number-10,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,20 (mid 1990s) / 132 (2001 census),bib1902,no -2915-speakers-10,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,186"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-132"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,20 (mid 1990s) / 132 (2001 census),bib1902,no -2915-LEI-1,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -2915-vitality-1,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no -2915-LEI-2,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1439,no -2915-vitality-2,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1439,no +2915-speaker_number-10,2915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,20 (mid 1990s) / 132 (2001 census),bib1914,no +2915-speakers-10,2915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,186"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-132"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,20 (mid 1990s) / 132 (2001 census),bib1914,no +2915-LEI-1,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +2915-vitality-1,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no +2915-LEI-2,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1451,no +2915-vitality-2,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1451,no 2915-LEI-3,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2915-vitality-3,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2915-LEI-4,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2624,no -2915-vitality-4,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2624,no -2915-LEI-5,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2915-vitality-5,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2915-LEI-6,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,A few semispeakers remain.,bib7536,yes -2915-vitality-6,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,A few semispeakers remain.,bib7536,yes +2915-LEI-4,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2637,no +2915-vitality-4,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2637,no +2915-LEI-5,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2915-vitality-5,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2915-LEI-6,2915,LEI,Dormant (),,A few semispeakers remain.,bib7561,yes +2915-vitality-6,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,A few semispeakers remain.,bib7561,yes 2915-LEI-7,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 60 and older.,bib68,no 2915-vitality-7,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers 60 and older.,bib68,no 2915-LEI-8,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2915-vitality-8,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2915-LEI-9,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2915-vitality-9,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2915-LEI-9,2915,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2915-vitality-9,2915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2919-context-1,2919,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spaniah"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib71,no 2919-location-1,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,"Santiago del Estero province: Figueroa, Moreno, Robles, Sarmiento, Brigadier J. F. Ibarra, San Martín, Silipica, Loreto, Atamisqui, Avellaneda, Salavina, Quebrachos, Mitre, and Aguirre departments; Chaco province;",bib71,no 2919-location-3,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""North central Argentina, Santiago del Estero Province, departments of Figueroa, Moreno, Robles, Sarmiento, Brigadier J. F. Ibarra, San Mart\u00edn, Silipica, Loreto, Atamisqui, Avellaneda, Salavina, Quebrachos, Mitre, Aguirre; southeast Salta Province, western Taboada department along Salado river; Buenos Aires.""}",,"North central Argentina, Santiago del Estero Province, departments of Figueroa, Moreno, Robles, Sarmiento, Brigadier J. F. Ibarra, San Martín, Silipica, Loreto, Atamisqui, Avellaneda, Salavina, Quebrachos, Mitre, Aguirre; southeast Salta Province, western Taboada department along Salado river; Buenos Aires.",bib67,no -2919-location-4,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.7848, -63.6767]]}",,,bib5307,no -2919-location-5,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""North central Argentina, Province of Santiago del Estero and southeast Province of Salta.""}",,,bib1903,no -2919-location-6,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2919-location-4,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.7848, -63.6767]]}",,,bib5330,no +2919-location-5,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""North central Argentina, Province of Santiago del Estero and southeast Province of Salta.""}",,,bib1915,no +2919-location-6,2919,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2919-speaker_number-1,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib71,no 2919-speakers-1,2919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib71,no -2919-speaker_number-2,2919,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib381,no -2919-speakers-2,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib381,no +2919-speaker_number-2,2919,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib382,no +2919-speakers-2,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib382,no 2919-speaker_number-3,2919,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(Albarración & Alderetes 2006:249),,no 2919-speakers-3,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(Albarración & Alderetes 2006:249),,no 2919-speaker_number-4,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""No monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000). @@ -29770,45 +29956,45 @@ No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 1,550 (2001 DNPI). (2013, speakers unch 2919-speakers-4,2919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000-60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""No monolinguals."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000). 60,000 (2000 SIL), decreasing. 0 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 60,000 (2013 no change).",bib67,no -2919-speaker_number-5,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2919-speakers-5,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2919-speaker_number-6,2919,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to Stark (1985), the vitality of the language has to be attributed to the fact that it has long been conceptualised as a non-Indian criollo language.",bib1903,no -2919-speakers-6,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"According to Stark (1985), the vitality of the language has to be attributed to the fact that it has long been conceptualised as a non-Indian criollo language.",bib1903,no +2919-speaker_number-5,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2919-speakers-5,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2919-speaker_number-6,2919,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to Stark (1985), the vitality of the language has to be attributed to the fact that it has long been conceptualised as a non-Indian criollo language.",bib1915,no +2919-speakers-6,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"According to Stark (1985), the vitality of the language has to be attributed to the fact that it has long been conceptualised as a non-Indian criollo language.",bib1915,no 2919-speaker_number-7,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2919-speakers-7,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2919-speaker_number-8,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -2919-speakers-8,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2919-speaker_number-8,2919,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +2919-speakers-8,2919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000-80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2919-LEI-1,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,vigorous,bib71,no 2919-transmission-1,2919,transmission,1,transmission-1,vigorous,bib71,no 2919-speaker_number_trends-1,2919,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,vigorous,bib71,no 2919-vitality-1,2919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,vigorous,bib71,no -2919-LEI-2,2919,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib381,no -2919-vitality-2,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib381,no +2919-LEI-2,2919,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib382,no +2919-vitality-2,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib382,no 2919-LEI-3,2919,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 2919-vitality-3,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no 2919-LEI-4,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 2919-vitality-4,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -2919-LEI-5,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2919-vitality-5,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2919-LEI-6,2919,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2919-vitality-6,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2919-LEI-5,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2919-vitality-5,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2919-LEI-6,2919,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2919-vitality-6,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2919-LEI-7,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2919-vitality-7,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2919-LEI-8,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2919-vitality-8,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2920-location-1,2920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.0652, -54.7558]]}",,,bib5307,no -2920-location-2,2920,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul and Parana states""}",,,bib1903,no -2920-location-3,2920,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2919-LEI-8,2919,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2919-vitality-8,2919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2920-location-1,2920,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.0652, -54.7558]]}",,,bib5330,no +2920-location-2,2920,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso do Sul and Parana states""}",,,bib1915,no +2920-location-3,2920,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2920-location-4,2920,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay"", ""Brazil"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""East Paraguay, Central, Canindey\u00fa, Alto Paran\u00e1, Caaguaz\u00fa, Concepci\u00f3n, and Amambay departments.""}",,"East Paraguay, Central, Canindeyú, Alto Paraná, Caaguazú, Concepción, and Amambay departments.",bib67,no -2920-speaker_number-1,2920,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2920-speakers-1,2920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2920-speakers-2,2920,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000-10,000""}",,,bib1903,no +2920-speaker_number-1,2920,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2920-speakers-1,2920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2920-speakers-2,2920,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000-10,000""}",,,bib1915,no 2920-speaker_number-3,2920,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ñandeva (Ava-Guaraní or Chiripá) in Paraguay: 13,000 speakers, 13,000 ethnic population (2008) -Ava-Guaraní (Chiripá, Ava-Chiripá, Chiripá-Guaraní, Avakatu-ete, Ñandeva) in Brazil: 6,308 speakers, 13,872 ethnic population.",bib1902,yes +Ava-Guaraní (Chiripá, Ava-Chiripá, Chiripá-Guaraní, Avakatu-ete, Ñandeva) in Brazil: 6,308 speakers, 13,872 ethnic population.",bib1914,yes 2920-speakers-3,2920,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""26,872"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,308"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ñandeva (Ava-Guaraní or Chiripá) in Paraguay: 13,000 speakers, 13,000 ethnic population (2008) -Ava-Guaraní (Chiripá, Ava-Chiripá, Chiripá-Guaraní, Avakatu-ete, Ñandeva) in Brazil: 6,308 speakers, 13,872 ethnic population.",bib1902,yes +Ava-Guaraní (Chiripá, Ava-Chiripá, Chiripá-Guaraní, Avakatu-ete, Ñandeva) in Brazil: 6,308 speakers, 13,872 ethnic population.",bib1914,yes 2920-speaker_number-4,2920,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2920-speakers-4,2920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2920-speaker_number-5,2920,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,000 in Paraguay (1991). Population total all countries: 11,900. Called ‘Chiripá’ in Paraguay. @@ -29817,10 +30003,10 @@ Ava-Guaraní (Chiripá, Ava-Chiripá, Chiripá-Guaraní, Avakatu-ete, Ñandeva) 2920-speakers-5,2920,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 Paraguay."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,000 in Paraguay (1991). Population total all countries: 11,900. Called ‘Chiripá’ in Paraguay. 2,060 in Paraguay (Crevels 2007), decreasing. Population total all countries: 15,900. Ethnic population: 6,920 (Crevels 2007) (2013). Ethnologue calls this language Ava Guaraní [nhd] (Apytare, Ava, Chiripá, Tsiripá, Txiripá); it appears to include varieties or languages others align not with this language but to others, e.g. to Kaiwá.",bib67,no -2920-LEI-1,2920,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2920-vitality-1,2920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2920-LEI-2,2920,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2920-vitality-2,2920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2920-LEI-1,2920,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2920-vitality-1,2920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2920-LEI-2,2920,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2920-vitality-2,2920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2920-LEI-3,2920,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2920-vitality-3,2920,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2920-LEI-4,2920,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -29831,7 +30017,7 @@ Bolivia: Tarija department: Gran Chaco province, Villa Montes municipality, Sama Paraguay: Alto Paraguay department: northwest; Boquerón department: Toledo area; Presidente Hayes department: Barrio Obrero, Colonia 5, Laguna Negra-Belén, Laguna Negra-Canaán, Laguna Negra-Damasco, Laguna Negra-Emaús, Laguna Negra-Jerusalén, Laguna Negra-Ko Pyahu, Laguna Negra-Timoteo, Mariscal Estigarribia, Ñu Guasu, Pykasu, Santa Teresita-San Lázaro, Santa Teresita-Santa Elena, Santa Teresita-Virgen del Carmen, and Siracua.",bib70,no 2921-location-2,2921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.75, -61.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -2921-location-3,2921,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2921-location-3,2921,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2921-location-4,2921,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay"", ""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Paraguay: Chaco: Laguna Negra, Santa Elena, San Lazaro, Pykasu, Nyu Guasu, Coloni 5, Santa Teresita, Marite, Loma. Bolivia: Southeast, Samayhuate and Cutaiqui towns""}",,"Boquerón Department, Barrio Obrero, Colonia 5, Laguna Negra-Belén, Laguna Negra-Canaán, Laguna Negra-Damasco, Laguna Negra-Emaús, Laguna Negra-Jerusalén, Laguna Negra-Ko Pyahu, Laguna Negra-Timoteo, Pykasu, Santa Teresita-Santa Elena, Santa Teresita-San Lázaro, Santa Teresita-Virgen del Carmen, Ñu Guasu, Mariscal Estigarribia, and Siracua; Presidente Hayes Department, Nich’a Toyish, Novoctas, Fischat-Misión San Leonardo, Yalve Sanga-Jope, Yalve Sanga-Caná, and Abundancia.",bib67,no 2921-speaker_number-1,2921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2921-speakers-1,2921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""203"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -29842,146 +30028,146 @@ Bolivia: 70, ethnic population 80 (2007).",bib70,no Argentina: 80 speakers, ethnic population 520 (2001). Bolivia: 70, ethnic population 80 (2007).",bib70,no 2921-speaker_number-3,2921,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Argentina: 178 speakers, 524 population. Bolivia: 29 speakers, 41 population. -Crevels gives 29 speakers (ethnic population 41) for Tapiete in Bolivia, and 178 (ethnic population 524) for Tapieté (Ñandevá) in Argentina",bib1902,yes +Crevels gives 29 speakers (ethnic population 41) for Tapiete in Bolivia, and 178 (ethnic population 524) for Tapieté (Ñandevá) in Argentina",bib1914,yes 2921-speakers-3,2921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""565"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""207"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Argentina: 178 speakers, 524 population. Bolivia: 29 speakers, 41 population. -Crevels gives 29 speakers (ethnic population 41) for Tapiete in Bolivia, and 178 (ethnic population 524) for Tapieté (Ñandevá) in Argentina",bib1902,yes +Crevels gives 29 speakers (ethnic population 41) for Tapiete in Bolivia, and 178 (ethnic population 524) for Tapieté (Ñandevá) in Argentina",bib1914,yes 2921-speaker_number-4,2921,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,270 in Paraguay (Perik 2007), decreasing. 1,000 monolinguals. 70 in Bolivia (Adelaar 2000)",bib67,no 2921-speakers-4,2921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Paraguay), 2000 ("", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,270 in Paraguay (Perik 2007), decreasing. 1,000 monolinguals. 70 in Bolivia (Adelaar 2000)",bib67,no 2921-LEI-1,2921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2921-vitality-1,2921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2921-LEI-2,2921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2921-vitality-2,2921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2921-LEI-3,2921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2921-vitality-3,2921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2921-LEI-3,2921,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2921-vitality-3,2921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2921-LEI-4,2921,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2921-vitality-4,2921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2924-location-1,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.5, -65.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2924-location-2,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -2924-location-3,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.0424, -68.3789]]}",,,bib5307,no -2924-location-4,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Acre and Amazonas states, Middle Purus region; on the Curia and Saburrun (Sabuha) streams, tributaries of the Piranhas River and on the Mamoriazinho, Capana, Santana, and Teruini streams,\ntributaries of the Purus, in five homologated indigenous areas.""}",,,bib1903,no +2924-location-3,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.0424, -68.3789]]}",,,bib5330,no +2924-location-4,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Acre and Amazonas states, Middle Purus region; on the Curia and Saburrun (Sabuha) streams, tributaries of the Piranhas River and on the Mamoriazinho, Capana, Santana, and Teruini streams,\ntributaries of the Purus, in five homologated indigenous areas.""}",,,bib1915,no 2924-location-5,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib233,no -2924-location-6,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2924-location-6,2924,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2924-speaker_number-1,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"12 Mamoria, 100 Banawá, 180 Jaruára.",bib67,no 2924-speakers-1,2924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"12 Mamoria, 100 Banawá, 180 Jaruára.",bib67,no -2924-speaker_number-2,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2924-speakers-2,2924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2924-speaker_number-3,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2924-speakers-3,2924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2924-speaker_number-2,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2924-speakers-2,2924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2924-speaker_number-3,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2924-speakers-3,2924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2924-speaker_number-4,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2924-speakers-4,2924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""195"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2924-speaker_number-5,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"800 Jamamadí, 180 Jarawara (Crevels counts these as separate languages)",bib1902,yes -2924-speakers-5,2924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1064"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"800 Jamamadí, 180 Jarawara (Crevels counts these as separate languages)",bib1902,yes +2924-speaker_number-5,2924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"800 Jamamadí, 180 Jarawara (Crevels counts these as separate languages)",bib1914,yes +2924-speakers-5,2924,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1064"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"800 Jamamadí, 180 Jarawara (Crevels counts these as separate languages)",bib1914,yes 2924-LEI-1,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2924-vitality-1,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2924-LEI-2,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2924-vitality-2,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2924-LEI-3,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2924-vitality-3,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2924-LEI-2,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2924-vitality-2,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2924-LEI-3,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2924-vitality-3,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2924-LEI-4,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2924-vitality-4,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2924-LEI-5,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2924-vitality-5,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2924-LEI-5,2924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2924-vitality-5,2924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2926-context-1,2926,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib347,yes 2926-context-2,2926,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 2926-location-1,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"traditionally spoken in several communities along the Purús, Ituxí, and Tapaua rivers.",bib347,yes 2926-location-2,2926,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0, -64.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2926-location-3,2926,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8947, -64.5996]]}",,,bib5307,no -2926-location-4,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Middle Purus Basin with its tributaries Ituxi, Sepatini and Tapaua, on six Indigenous Lands.""}",,,bib1903,no +2926-location-3,2926,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8947, -64.5996]]}",,,bib5330,no +2926-location-4,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Middle Purus Basin with its tributaries Ituxi, Sepatini and Tapaua, on six Indigenous Lands.""}",,,bib1915,no 2926-location-5,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"In Amazonas state, on the Purus River, in 3 villages.",bib68,no -2926-location-6,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2926-location-6,2926,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2926-speaker_number-1,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The number of people who identify themselves as Paumarí is comparatively high (around 600 people), but the number of actual speakers is on the decline … not more than 200 people speak the language. All children speak Portuguese as their first language. People in their forties and younger are more comfortable in Portuguese than Paumarí. And if they use Paumarí at all, they tend to simplify the linguistic structures. (p.236)",bib347,yes 2926-speakers-1,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The number of people who identify themselves as Paumarí is comparatively high (around 600 people), but the number of actual speakers is on the decline … not more than 200 people speak the language. All children speak Portuguese as their first language. People in their forties and younger are more comfortable in Portuguese than Paumarí. And if they use Paumarí at all, they tend to simplify the linguistic structures. (p.236)",bib347,yes -2926-speaker_number-2,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2926-speakers-2,2926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2926-speaker_number-3,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Today only the older peoples still speak Paumary, while the younger ones speak either Portuguese or a mixture of Portuguese and Paumary",bib1903,no -2926-speakers-3,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 for speaker number, 2006 for population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Today only the older peoples still speak Paumary, while the younger ones speak either Portuguese or a mixture of Portuguese and Paumary",bib1903,no +2926-speaker_number-2,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2926-speakers-2,2926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2926-speaker_number-3,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Today only the older peoples still speak Paumary, while the younger ones speak either Portuguese or a mixture of Portuguese and Paumary",bib1915,no +2926-speakers-3,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 for speaker number, 2006 for population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Today only the older peoples still speak Paumary, while the younger ones speak either Portuguese or a mixture of Portuguese and Paumary",bib1915,no 2926-speaker_number-4,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 2926-speakers-4,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""290\n(unchanged, 2016)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 2926-speaker_number-5,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2926-speakers-5,2926,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2926-speaker_number-6,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2926-speakers-6,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""892"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Speaker numbers (2000), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2926-speaker_number-6,2926,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2926-speakers-6,2926,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""892"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""290"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Speaker numbers (2000), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2926-LEI-1,2926,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib347,yes 2926-transmission-1,2926,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib347,yes 2926-vitality-1,2926,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib347,yes -2926-LEI-2,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2926-vitality-2,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2926-LEI-3,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2926-vitality-3,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2926-LEI-2,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2926-vitality-2,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2926-LEI-3,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2926-vitality-3,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2926-LEI-4,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Elderly only.,bib68,no 2926-vitality-4,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Elderly only.,bib68,no 2926-LEI-5,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2926-vitality-5,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2926-LEI-6,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2926-vitality-6,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -293-context-1,293,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1235,yes -293-context-2,293,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most men""}",,"Most men are bilingual in Awjilah and Arabic, but many women appear to speak only Awjilah.",bib7615,no -293-context-3,293,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Males""}",,"Most female Awilja speakers are said to be still monolingual, while males are bilingual (Arabic).",bib5307,no -293-location-1,293,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1081, 21.2869]]}",,,bib6966,no -293-location-2,293,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Awjila is spoken in the Oasis of Awjila from which it derives its name. It is also spoken in Cyrenaica, eastern Libya"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.6278, 24.5214]]}",,,bib5307,no -293-speaker_number-1,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Few speakers,bib1235,yes -293-speakers-1,293,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Few speakers,bib1235,yes -293-speaker_number-2,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -293-speakers-2,293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no -293-speaker_number-3,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3000 According to Ethnologue, in 2000. Another source, www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Aujila, mentions 2000 speakers. No census has been carried out to determine the number of speakers.",bib5307,no -293-speakers-3,293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3000 According to Ethnologue, in 2000. Another source, www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Aujila, mentions 2000 speakers. No census has been carried out to determine the number of speakers.",bib5307,no -293-LEI-1,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -293-vitality-1,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes -293-LEI-2,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -293-vitality-2,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -293-LEI-3,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -293-vitality-3,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -294-context-1,294,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1235,no -294-location-1,294,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Sokna is spoken (if it still survives) in the town of that name, Sokna/Sawkna/Sawknah."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.066667, 15.783333]]}",,,bib6966,yes -294-location-2,294,location,"{""Description"": ""According to Ethnologue, the language is spoken in the Tripolitania region."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.252, 17.7539]]}",,,bib5307,no -294-speakers-1,294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct?""}",,,bib1235,no -294-speaker_number-3,294,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"No accurate figures. Etimates from various sources, published and local.",bib5307,no -294-speakers-3,294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"No accurate figures. Etimates from various sources, published and local.",bib5307,no -294-LEI-1,294,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1235,no -294-vitality-1,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1235,no -294-LEI-2,294,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6966,yes -294-vitality-2,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6966,yes -294-LEI-3,294,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -294-vitality-3,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2926-LEI-6,2926,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2926-vitality-6,2926,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +293-context-1,293,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1244,yes +293-context-2,293,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most men""}",,"Most men are bilingual in Awjilah and Arabic, but many women appear to speak only Awjilah.",bib7640,no +293-context-3,293,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Males""}",,"Most female Awilja speakers are said to be still monolingual, while males are bilingual (Arabic).",bib5330,no +293-location-1,293,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1081, 21.2869]]}",,,bib6990,no +293-location-2,293,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Awjila is spoken in the Oasis of Awjila from which it derives its name. It is also spoken in Cyrenaica, eastern Libya"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.6278, 24.5214]]}",,,bib5330,no +293-speaker_number-1,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Few speakers,bib1244,yes +293-speakers-1,293,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Few speakers,bib1244,yes +293-speaker_number-2,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +293-speakers-2,293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no +293-speaker_number-3,293,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3000 According to Ethnologue, in 2000. Another source, www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Aujila, mentions 2000 speakers. No census has been carried out to determine the number of speakers.",bib5330,no +293-speakers-3,293,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3000 According to Ethnologue, in 2000. Another source, www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Aujila, mentions 2000 speakers. No census has been carried out to determine the number of speakers.",bib5330,no +293-LEI-1,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +293-vitality-1,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes +293-LEI-2,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +293-vitality-2,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +293-LEI-3,293,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +293-vitality-3,293,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +294-context-1,294,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Libya: Amazigh languages suppressed by Qaddafi""}",,,bib1244,no +294-location-1,294,location,"{""Places"": [""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Sokna is spoken (if it still survives) in the town of that name, Sokna/Sawkna/Sawknah."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.066667, 15.783333]]}",,,bib6990,yes +294-location-2,294,location,"{""Description"": ""According to Ethnologue, the language is spoken in the Tripolitania region."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.252, 17.7539]]}",,,bib5330,no +294-speakers-1,294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct?""}",,,bib1244,no +294-speaker_number-3,294,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"No accurate figures. Etimates from various sources, published and local.",bib5330,no +294-speakers-3,294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"No accurate figures. Etimates from various sources, published and local.",bib5330,no +294-LEI-1,294,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1244,no +294-vitality-1,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1244,no +294-LEI-2,294,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6990,yes +294-vitality-2,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6990,yes +294-LEI-3,294,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +294-vitality-3,294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2945-location-1,2945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, -73.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2945-location-2,2945,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Bolivia"", ""Peru""]}",,"Ucayali and Madre de Dios regions; Yuruá, Mapuya, and Mishagua. Sharanawa [mcd]: Ucayali and Madre de Dios regions; upper Purús river area.",bib67,no -2945-location-3,2945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6606, -69.6972]]}",,,bib5307,no -2945-location-4,2945,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +2945-location-3,2945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6606, -69.6972]]}",,,bib5330,no +2945-location-4,2945,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia, Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 2945-speaker_number-1,2945,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"750 in Peru (SIL 2003). 400 Yaminahua (SIL 1998), 200 Mastanahua (SIL 1981), 150 Chitonahua. 1570 (2016).",bib67,no 2945-speakers-1,2945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"750 in Peru (SIL 2003). 400 Yaminahua (SIL 1998), 200 Mastanahua (SIL 1981), 150 Chitonahua. 1570 (2016).",bib67,no -2945-speaker_number-2,2945,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2945-speakers-2,2945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2945-speaker_number-2,2945,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2945-speakers-2,2945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2945-speaker_number-3,2945,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2945-speakers-3,2945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,244"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2945-speaker_number-4,2945,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Yaminawa: Bolivia: 51 speakers, 93 population; Brazil: 600 speakers, 855 population (2006); Peru: 400 speakers and population. [total speakers 1,051]. Sharanahua (Marinahua, Mastanahua, Parquenahua): <438 speakers; ethnic population 438. Nahua (Yura, Yora, Yurahahua): 450 speakers and ethnic population 450. -[Total speakers: 1,939]",bib1902,no +[Total speakers: 1,939]",bib1914,no 2945-speakers-4,2945,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,345"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,939"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Yaminawa: Bolivia: 51 speakers, 93 population; Brazil: 600 speakers, 855 population (2006); Peru: 400 speakers and population. [total speakers 1,051]. Sharanahua (Marinahua, Mastanahua, Parquenahua): <438 speakers; ethnic population 438. Nahua (Yura, Yora, Yurahahua): 450 speakers and ethnic population 450. -[Total speakers: 1,939]",bib1902,no +[Total speakers: 1,939]",bib1914,no 2945-LEI-1,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2945-vitality-1,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2945-LEI-2,2945,LEI,Dormant (),,"Obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).",bib2647,yes -2945-vitality-2,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).",bib2647,yes -2945-LEI-3,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2945-vitality-3,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2945-LEI-2,2945,LEI,Dormant (),,"Obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).",bib2660,yes +2945-vitality-2,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it).",bib2660,yes +2945-LEI-3,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2945-vitality-3,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2945-LEI-4,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2945-vitality-4,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2945-LEI-5,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2945-vitality-5,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2945-LEI-5,2945,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2945-vitality-5,2945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2949-location-1,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 2949-location-2,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Acre state: upper Rio Môa, Jumá tributary.",bib70,no -2949-location-3,2949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6238, -73.2568]]}",,,bib5307,no -2949-location-4,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Acre, on the Upper Rio Moa, tributary of the Jum\u00e1, M\u00e2ncio Lima Municipality, Terra Ind\u00edgena Poyanawa.""}",,,bib1903,no -2949-location-5,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2949-location-3,2949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6238, -73.2568]]}",,,bib5330,no +2949-location-4,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Acre, on the Upper Rio Moa, tributary of the Jum\u00e1, M\u00e2ncio Lima Municipality, Terra Ind\u00edgena Poyanawa.""}",,,bib1915,no +2949-location-5,2949,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2949-speaker_number-1,2949,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the ethnic population is from ISA (1999).,bib67,no 2949-speakers-1,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from ISA (1999).,bib67,no 2949-speakers-2,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""for ethnic population 1999""}",,,bib70,no @@ -29993,91 +30179,91 @@ Despite effort to recover the language, the results are still limited: no studen Apesar do esforço em retomar a língua, os resultados ainda são limitados: nenhum aluno consegue manter um diálogo em Puyanawa. [In 2009, of the approximately 500 Puyanawa Indians, only three spoke Puyanawa: Railda Manaitá, 79, the only one fluent in the language; his brother, Luiz Manaitá, 85; and former chief Mario Puyanawa, 65. Despite effort to recover the language, the results are still limited: no student can carry on a dialogue in Puyanawa.]",bib169,no -2949-speakers-4,2949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.""}",,,bib2647,yes -2949-speaker_number-5,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2949-speakers-5,2949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2949-speaker_number-6,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2949-speakers-6,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2949-speakers-4,2949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.""}",,,bib2660,yes +2949-speaker_number-5,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2949-speakers-5,2949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2949-speaker_number-6,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2949-speakers-6,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2949-speaker_number-7,2949,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2949-speakers-7,2949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2949-speaker_number-8,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2949-speakers-8,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +2949-speaker_number-8,2949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2949-speakers-8,2949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""403"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 2949-LEI-1,2949,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2949-vitality-1,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2949-LEI-2,2949,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,no 2949-vitality-2,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no 2949-LEI-3,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib169,no 2949-vitality-3,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib169,no -2949-LEI-4,2949,LEI,Dormant (),,"obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it)",bib2647,yes -2949-vitality-4,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it)",bib2647,yes -2949-LEI-5,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2949-vitality-5,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2949-LEI-6,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2949-vitality-6,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2949-LEI-4,2949,LEI,Dormant (),,"obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it)",bib2660,yes +2949-vitality-4,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"obsolescent (i.e., no longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it)",bib2660,yes +2949-LEI-5,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2949-vitality-5,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2949-LEI-6,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2949-vitality-6,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2949-LEI-7,2949,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2949-vitality-7,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2949-LEI-8,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2949-vitality-8,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -295-context-1,295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive""}",,"Nearly all Siwis speak Arabic as a second language from an early age; their dialect typically tends to be closer to Bedouin Arabic, although better-educated Siwis lean more towards Cairene Arabic. Some ambitious Siwis expressed negative attitudes towards the language, saying that if the kids spoke Arabic it would be better for their educational and political prospects, but I did not encounter any instance of this being put into practice.",bib6964,no -295-context-2,295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7615,no -295-location-1,295,location,"{""Places"": [""Egypt"", ""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Siwi (siwi or \u017elan n isiwan) is a Berber language spoken at the oasis of Siwa in western Egypt (Matr\u016b\u0127 Province), about 500 km west of the Nile and 250 km south of the Mediterranean coast, by a little less than 15,000 people, forming a majority of the oasis' population. The nearest Egyptian oasis, Bahariyya, is some 350 km east of Siwa. Siwi is also spoken at the tiny oasis of G\u0101ra near Siwa, and I was told of a multigenerational Siwi community at nearby Jaghb\u016bb in Libya.""}",,,bib6964,no +2949-LEI-8,2949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2949-vitality-8,2949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +295-context-1,295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive""}",,"Nearly all Siwis speak Arabic as a second language from an early age; their dialect typically tends to be closer to Bedouin Arabic, although better-educated Siwis lean more towards Cairene Arabic. Some ambitious Siwis expressed negative attitudes towards the language, saying that if the kids spoke Arabic it would be better for their educational and political prospects, but I did not encounter any instance of this being put into practice.",bib6988,no +295-context-2,295,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7640,no +295-location-1,295,location,"{""Places"": [""Egypt"", ""Libya""], ""Description"": ""Siwi (siwi or \u017elan n isiwan) is a Berber language spoken at the oasis of Siwa in western Egypt (Matr\u016b\u0127 Province), about 500 km west of the Nile and 250 km south of the Mediterranean coast, by a little less than 15,000 people, forming a majority of the oasis' population. The nearest Egyptian oasis, Bahariyya, is some 350 km east of Siwa. Siwi is also spoken at the tiny oasis of G\u0101ra near Siwa, and I was told of a multigenerational Siwi community at nearby Jaghb\u016bb in Libya.""}",,,bib6988,no 295-location-2,295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1666666667, 25.5]]}",,,bib216,no -295-location-3,295,location,"{""Description"": ""Siwi is spoken in the Oasis of Siwa located in western of Egypt, 70 kms from the Lybian border and 560 km away from Cairo."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.1905, 25.5322]]}",,,bib5307,no -295-speaker_number-1,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Egyptian census of 2006, viewable at http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/census/cnsest_a_sex_ama?LANG=1&lname=0&YY=2006&cod=33&gv=, gives a population of 15,886 for Siwa, if we include the small Siwi-speaking town of Gara and exclude the Bedouin Arabic-speaking small villages of Maraqi and Bahayeldin to the east. A minority of non-Siwi Egyptians is also found in the town, reducing the figure slightly, but no estimate of their population is available.",bib6964,no -295-speakers-1,295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,886"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Egyptian census of 2006, viewable at http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/census/cnsest_a_sex_ama?LANG=1&lname=0&YY=2006&cod=33&gv=, gives a population of 15,886 for Siwa, if we include the small Siwi-speaking town of Gara and exclude the Bedouin Arabic-speaking small villages of Maraqi and Bahayeldin to the east. A minority of non-Siwi Egyptians is also found in the town, reducing the figure slightly, but no estimate of their population is available.",bib6964,no -295-speaker_number-2,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1235,yes -295-speakers-2,295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1235,yes -295-speakers-3,295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000""}",,"Most ethnic Siwi, a group consisting of some 5,000 people, appear to have shifted to Arabic as a first language.",bib7615,no -295-speaker_number-4,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Estimate, in 2008. Total population is 25 000 with Tamazight speaking majority. Internet sources (www.mondeberbere.com/PARImazigh/Parimazigh5/siwa.htm) estimate number of speakers at 20 000 speakers.",bib5307,no -295-speakers-4,295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Estimate, in 2008. Total population is 25 000 with Tamazight speaking majority. Internet sources (www.mondeberbere.com/PARImazigh/Parimazigh5/siwa.htm) estimate number of speakers at 20 000 speakers.",bib5307,no -295-LEI-1,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6964,no -295-transmission-1,295,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6964,no -295-domains_of_use-1,295,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib6964,no -295-vitality-1,295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6964,no -295-LEI-2,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1235,yes -295-vitality-2,295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1235,yes -295-LEI-3,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -295-vitality-3,295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +295-location-3,295,location,"{""Description"": ""Siwi is spoken in the Oasis of Siwa located in western of Egypt, 70 kms from the Lybian border and 560 km away from Cairo."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.1905, 25.5322]]}",,,bib5330,no +295-speaker_number-1,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Egyptian census of 2006, viewable at http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/census/cnsest_a_sex_ama?LANG=1&lname=0&YY=2006&cod=33&gv=, gives a population of 15,886 for Siwa, if we include the small Siwi-speaking town of Gara and exclude the Bedouin Arabic-speaking small villages of Maraqi and Bahayeldin to the east. A minority of non-Siwi Egyptians is also found in the town, reducing the figure slightly, but no estimate of their population is available.",bib6988,no +295-speakers-1,295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,886"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Egyptian census of 2006, viewable at http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pls/census/cnsest_a_sex_ama?LANG=1&lname=0&YY=2006&cod=33&gv=, gives a population of 15,886 for Siwa, if we include the small Siwi-speaking town of Gara and exclude the Bedouin Arabic-speaking small villages of Maraqi and Bahayeldin to the east. A minority of non-Siwi Egyptians is also found in the town, reducing the figure slightly, but no estimate of their population is available.",bib6988,no +295-speaker_number-2,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1244,yes +295-speakers-2,295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1244,yes +295-speakers-3,295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000""}",,"Most ethnic Siwi, a group consisting of some 5,000 people, appear to have shifted to Arabic as a first language.",bib7640,no +295-speaker_number-4,295,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Estimate, in 2008. Total population is 25 000 with Tamazight speaking majority. Internet sources (www.mondeberbere.com/PARImazigh/Parimazigh5/siwa.htm) estimate number of speakers at 20 000 speakers.",bib5330,no +295-speakers-4,295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Estimate, in 2008. Total population is 25 000 with Tamazight speaking majority. Internet sources (www.mondeberbere.com/PARImazigh/Parimazigh5/siwa.htm) estimate number of speakers at 20 000 speakers.",bib5330,no +295-LEI-1,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6988,no +295-transmission-1,295,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib6988,no +295-domains_of_use-1,295,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib6988,no +295-vitality-1,295,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6988,no +295-LEI-2,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1244,yes +295-vitality-2,295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1244,yes +295-LEI-3,295,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +295-vitality-3,295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2951-location-1,2951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.333333333333, -69.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2951-location-2,2951,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Northwestern Amazonas, in Terra Indígena Rio Negro, Terra Indígena Médio Rio Negro I, Terra Indígena Médio Rio Negro II, and Terra Indígena Rio Téa.",bib67,no 2951-location-3,2951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: Terra Indígena Médio Rio Negro I, Terra Indígena Médio Rio Negro II, Terra Indígena Rio Negro, Terra Indígena Rio Téa. In Colombia: Vaupés department: Yavarate municipality, Papurí and lower Vaupés rivers; most near Roman Catholic mission at Teresita.",bib70,no -2951-location-4,2951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8333, -69.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -2951-location-5,2951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2951-location-4,2951,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.8333, -69.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +2951-location-5,2951,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2951-speaker_number-1,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,620 in Brazil (SIL 1986).,bib67,no 2951-speakers-1,2951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,070"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,620 in Brazil (SIL 1986).,bib67,no 2951-speaker_number-2,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1430 in Brazil; 450 in Colombia,bib70,no 2951-speakers-2,2951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Brazil, 2007 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1430 in Brazil; 450 in Colombia,bib70,no -2951-speaker_number-3,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2951-speakers-3,2951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2951-speaker_number-3,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2951-speakers-3,2951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2951-speaker_number-4,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2951-speakers-4,2951,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,068"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2951-speaker_number-5,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,433 people (2005) in Brazil, and 630 speakers (from 630 ethnic populations) in Colombia (2001).",bib1902,yes -2951-speakers-5,2951,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,63"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 in Brazil, 2001 Colombia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,433 people (2005) in Brazil, and 630 speakers (from 630 ethnic populations) in Colombia (2001).",bib1902,yes +2951-speaker_number-5,2951,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,433 people (2005) in Brazil, and 630 speakers (from 630 ethnic populations) in Colombia (2001).",bib1914,yes +2951-speakers-5,2951,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,63"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 in Brazil, 2001 Colombia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 700 speakers out of a total ethnic population of 1,433 people (2005) in Brazil, and 630 speakers (from 630 ethnic populations) in Colombia (2001).",bib1914,yes 2951-LEI-1,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2951-vitality-1,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2951-LEI-2,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2951-vitality-2,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2951-LEI-3,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2951-vitality-3,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2951-LEI-3,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2951-vitality-3,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2951-LEI-4,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2951-vitality-4,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2951-LEI-5,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2951-vitality-5,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2951-LEI-5,2951,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2951-vitality-5,2951,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2952-context-2,2952,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Very few""}",,,bib68,no 2952-location-1,2952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0, -62.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2952-location-2,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas state, along the Maici river""}",,,bib2533,no -2952-location-3,2952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9264, -61.1279]]}",,,bib5307,no -2952-location-4,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Tapajos and Madeira rivers area, on the Maici River, a tributari of the Marmelos which again flows into the Madeira, Terra Indigena Piraha.""}",,,bib1903,no +2952-location-2,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas state, along the Maici river""}",,,bib2546,no +2952-location-3,2952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.9264, -61.1279]]}",,,bib5330,no +2952-location-4,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Tapajos and Madeira rivers area, on the Maici River, a tributari of the Marmelos which again flows into the Madeira, Terra Indigena Piraha.""}",,,bib1915,no 2952-location-5,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas state, along the Maici and Autaces rivers",bib68,no -2952-location-6,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2952-speaker_number-1,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2533,no -2952-speakers-1,2952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2533,no -2952-speaker_number-2,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2952-speakers-2,2952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""389"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2952-speaker_number-3,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most men understand Portuguese, though not all can express themselves in this language. Women understand very little Portuguese and never use it to express themselves.",bib1903,no -2952-speakers-3,2952,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most men understand Portuguese, though not all can express themselves in this language. Women understand very little Portuguese and never use it to express themselves.",bib1903,no +2952-location-6,2952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2952-speaker_number-1,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2546,no +2952-speakers-1,2952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2546,no +2952-speaker_number-2,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2952-speakers-2,2952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""389"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2952-speaker_number-3,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Most men understand Portuguese, though not all can express themselves in this language. Women understand very little Portuguese and never use it to express themselves.",bib1915,no +2952-speakers-3,2952,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Most men understand Portuguese, though not all can express themselves in this language. Women understand very little Portuguese and never use it to express themselves.",bib1915,no 2952-speaker_number-4,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Some also use Portuguese. (2016 unchanged.)",bib68,no @@ -30086,49 +30272,49 @@ Vaupés department: Yavarate municipality, Papurí and lower Vaupés rivers; mos (2016 unchanged.)",bib68,no 2952-speaker_number-5,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2952-speakers-5,2952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2952-speaker_number-6,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Note that FUNASA (2010) lists 420 (figure also cited in Povos Indígenas no Brasil (2014)).,bib1902,yes -2952-speakers-6,2952,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""389"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""389"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Note that FUNASA (2010) lists 420 (figure also cited in Povos Indígenas no Brasil (2014)).,bib1902,yes -2952-LEI-1,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2533,no -2952-vitality-1,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2533,no -2952-LEI-2,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2952-vitality-2,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2952-LEI-3,2952,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2952-transmission-3,2952,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1903,no -2952-vitality-3,2952,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1903,no +2952-speaker_number-6,2952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Note that FUNASA (2010) lists 420 (figure also cited in Povos Indígenas no Brasil (2014)).,bib1914,yes +2952-speakers-6,2952,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""389"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""389"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Note that FUNASA (2010) lists 420 (figure also cited in Povos Indígenas no Brasil (2014)).,bib1914,yes +2952-LEI-1,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2546,no +2952-vitality-1,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2546,no +2952-LEI-2,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2952-vitality-2,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2952-LEI-3,2952,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2952-transmission-3,2952,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1915,no +2952-vitality-3,2952,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1915,no 2952-LEI-4,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2952-vitality-4,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 2952-LEI-5,2952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2952-vitality-5,2952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2952-LEI-6,2952,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2952-transmission-6,2952,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1902,yes -2952-vitality-6,2952,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1902,yes +2952-LEI-6,2952,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2952-transmission-6,2952,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1914,yes +2952-vitality-6,2952,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1914,yes 2953-location-1,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.0, -60.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2953-location-2,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Central and western Formosa Province, Bermejo and Pilcomayo river valleys; Chaco and Salta provinces.""}",,"Central and western Formosa Province, Bermejo and Pilcomayo river valleys; Chaco and Salta provinces.",bib67,no -2953-location-3,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Central Chaco, Formosa province.""}",,,bib7580,yes -2953-location-4,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.4035, -58.6669]]}",,,bib5307,no -2953-location-5,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Province of Formosa, departments of\nPatino and Bermejo.""}",,,bib1903,no +2953-location-3,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Central Chaco, Formosa province.""}",,,bib7605,yes +2953-location-4,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.4035, -58.6669]]}",,,bib5330,no +2953-location-5,2953,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Province of Formosa, departments of\nPatino and Bermejo.""}",,,bib1915,no 2953-speaker_number-1,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from FEL (2004). 4,000 (2004 Foundation for Endangered Languages). Ethnic population: 4,000 (2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 2953-speakers-1,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from FEL (2004). 4,000 (2004 Foundation for Endangered Languages). Ethnic population: 4,000 (2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -2953-speaker_number-2,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7580,yes -2953-speakers-2,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7580,yes -2953-speaker_number-3,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2953-speakers-3,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2953-speaker_number-4,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2953-speakers-4,2953,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2953-speaker_number-2,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7605,yes +2953-speakers-2,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7605,yes +2953-speaker_number-3,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2953-speakers-3,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2953-speaker_number-4,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2953-speakers-4,2953,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2953-speaker_number-5,2953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2953-speakers-5,2953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2953-LEI-1,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2953-vitality-1,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2953-LEI-2,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7580,yes -2953-vitality-2,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7580,yes -2953-LEI-3,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2953-vitality-3,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2953-LEI-4,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2953-vitality-4,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2953-LEI-2,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7605,yes +2953-vitality-2,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7605,yes +2953-LEI-3,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2953-vitality-3,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2953-LEI-4,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2953-vitality-4,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2953-LEI-5,2953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2953-vitality-5,2953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2954-context-1,2954,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maquiritari, Spanish, Yawarana""}",,"Also use Maquiritari [mch], Spanish [spa], Yabarana [yar]. Used as L2 by Maco [wpc].",bib67,no @@ -30136,123 +30322,123 @@ Vaupés department: Yavarate municipality, Papurí and lower Vaupés rivers; mos 2954-location-2,2954,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas, Orinoco River south bank, inland from Paguasa River to Manapiari.""}",,"Amazonas, Orinoco River south bank, inland from Paguasa River to Manapiari.",bib67,no 2954-location-3,2954,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Colombia""]}",,"In Venezuela: Amazonas state: Orinoco River south bank, inland from Paguasa river to Manapiare; into southwestern Bolivar state. In Colombia: Vaupés department: Resguardo Matavén Fruta, and Selva de Matavén; on Venezuela border, banks of smaller tributaries of Guaviare, Manaveni, Vichada, and Zama rivers.",bib70,no -2954-location-4,2954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.5435, -66.7089]]}",,,bib5307,no -2954-location-5,2954,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2954-location-4,2954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.5435, -66.7089]]}",,,bib5330,no +2954-location-5,2954,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2954-speaker_number-1,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,200 in Venezuela (2001 census).",bib67,no 2954-speakers-1,2954,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,494"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,200 in Venezuela (2001 census).",bib67,no 2954-speaker_number-2,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In Venezuela: 14,500 (speakers and ethnic population. In Colombia: 80 speakers, 800 ethnic population.",bib70,no 2954-speakers-2,2954,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (Colombia), 2001 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In Venezuela: 14,500 (speakers and ethnic population. In Colombia: 80 speakers, 800 ethnic population.",bib70,no -2954-speaker_number-3,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2954-speakers-3,2954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +2954-speaker_number-3,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2954-speakers-3,2954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 2954-speaker_number-4,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2954-speakers-4,2954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2954-speaker_number-5,2954,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In Colombia: 773 (speakers and ethnic population). -In Venezuela: 13,000 (ethnic population 14,494).",bib1902,yes +In Venezuela: 13,000 (ethnic population 14,494).",bib1914,yes 2954-speakers-5,2954,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,267"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,773"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In Colombia: 773 (speakers and ethnic population). -In Venezuela: 13,000 (ethnic population 14,494).",bib1902,yes +In Venezuela: 13,000 (ethnic population 14,494).",bib1914,yes 2954-LEI-1,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Because of strong ethnic identity, the language is conserved to a high degree (Crevels 2007).",bib67,no 2954-vitality-1,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Because of strong ethnic identity, the language is conserved to a high degree (Crevels 2007).",bib67,no 2954-LEI-2,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2954-vitality-2,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2954-LEI-3,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2954-vitality-3,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2954-LEI-3,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2954-vitality-3,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2954-LEI-4,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2954-vitality-4,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2954-LEI-5,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2954-vitality-5,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2954-LEI-5,2954,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2954-vitality-5,2954,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2955-location-1,2955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0, -69.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2955-location-2,2955,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Vichada Department, river region between the Vichada and Guaviare rivers; Guainia Department, small areas bordering the Guaviare, south bank.""}",,"Vichada Department, river region between the Vichada and Guaviare rivers; Guainia Department, small areas bordering the Guaviare, south bank.",bib67,no -2955-location-3,2955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0396, -68.0712]]}",,,bib5307,no -2955-location-4,2955,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State and Bolivar State.""}",,,bib1903,no -2955-location-5,2955,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2955-location-3,2955,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0396, -68.0712]]}",,,bib5330,no +2955-location-4,2955,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State and Bolivar State.""}",,,bib1915,no +2955-location-5,2955,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2955-speaker_number-1,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,930 in Colombia (2007 Moyano). (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no 2955-speakers-1,2955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,930 in Colombia (2007 Moyano). (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no -2955-speaker_number-2,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2955-speakers-2,2955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2955-speaker_number-3,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2955-speakers-3,2955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2955-speaker_number-2,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2955-speakers-2,2955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2955-speaker_number-3,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2955-speakers-3,2955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,330"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2955-speaker_number-4,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2955-speakers-4,2955,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2955-speaker_number-5,2955,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Colombia: 4,926 (speakers and ethnic population). -In Venezuela: 1,745 speakers (ethnic population 1939).",bib1902,yes +In Venezuela: 1,745 speakers (ethnic population 1939).",bib1914,yes 2955-speakers-5,2955,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,865"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,041"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Colombia: 4,926 (speakers and ethnic population). -In Venezuela: 1,745 speakers (ethnic population 1939).",bib1902,yes +In Venezuela: 1,745 speakers (ethnic population 1939).",bib1914,yes 2955-LEI-1,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2955-vitality-1,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2955-LEI-2,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2955-vitality-2,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2955-LEI-3,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2955-vitality-3,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2955-LEI-2,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2955-vitality-2,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2955-LEI-3,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2955-vitality-3,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2955-LEI-4,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2955-vitality-4,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2955-LEI-5,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2955-vitality-5,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2955-LEI-5,2955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2955-vitality-5,2955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2956-context-1,2956,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 2956-location-1,2956,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0, -71.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2956-location-2,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Arauca Department, Venezuela border, banks of the Arauca River from Gaviotas Island to Arauca.""}",,"Arauca Department, Venezuela border, banks of the Arauca River from Gaviotas Island to Arauca.",bib67,no 2956-location-3,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Colombia: Arauca department: Venezuela border, Arauca River banks from Arauca to Gaviotas Island. In Venezuela: Apure state: western zone, to north of Arauca River and Colombian Pepojivi settlements.",bib70,no -2956-location-4,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Arauca River, border area with Venezuela, Arauca Division, on the banks of the Arauca River from Gaviotas Island to Arauca.\nVenezuela, western zone of Apure State, to the north of the Arauca River and the Colombian Pepojivi settlements.""}",,,bib1903,no -2956-location-5,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2956-location-4,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Arauca River, border area with Venezuela, Arauca Division, on the banks of the Arauca River from Gaviotas Island to Arauca.\nVenezuela, western zone of Apure State, to the north of the Arauca River and the Colombian Pepojivi settlements.""}",,,bib1915,no +2956-location-5,2956,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2956-speaker_number-1,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2956-speakers-1,2956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 2956-speaker_number-2,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In Colombia: 150 speakers, 160 ethnic population. In Venezuela: 200 (200 speakers, 200 ethnic population).",bib70,no 2956-speakers-2,2956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In Colombia: 150 speakers, 160 ethnic population. In Venezuela: 200 (200 speakers, 200 ethnic population).",bib70,no -2956-speaker_number-3,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2956-speakers-3,2956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350-360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2956-speaker_number-3,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2956-speakers-3,2956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350-360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2956-speaker_number-4,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2956-speakers-4,2956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""244"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2956-speaker_number-5,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Colombia: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) <200 speakers, <200 population (1982). Venezuela: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) 200 speakers, 200 population.",bib1902,yes -2956-speakers-5,2956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (1982)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Colombia: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) <200 speakers, <200 population (1982). Venezuela: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) 200 speakers, 200 population.",bib1902,yes +2956-speaker_number-5,2956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Colombia: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) <200 speakers, <200 population (1982). Venezuela: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) 200 speakers, 200 population.",bib1914,yes +2956-speakers-5,2956,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (1982)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Colombia: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) <200 speakers, <200 population (1982). Venezuela: Pepojivi (Playero, Guahibo Playero) 200 speakers, 200 population.",bib1914,yes 2956-LEI-1,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2956-vitality-1,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2956-LEI-2,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2956-vitality-2,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2956-LEI-3,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2956-vitality-3,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2956-LEI-3,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2956-vitality-3,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2956-LEI-4,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2956-vitality-4,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2956-LEI-5,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2956-vitality-5,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2957-location-1,2957,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.694972, -61.431164]]}",,,bib7945,no -2957-location-2,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib4595,no +2956-LEI-5,2956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2956-vitality-5,2956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2957-location-1,2957,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.694972, -61.431164]]}",,,bib7970,no +2957-location-2,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Peru""]}",,,bib4616,no 2957-location-3,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Southeast El Beni Department on Guapor\u00e9 river.""}",,,bib69,no -2957-location-4,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Porvenir, Bolivia; Pimenteiras, Brazil",bib1981,yes -2957-location-5,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,The Bolivia Pauserna live with the Chiquitano in Territorio Guarasugwe-Chiquitano del Bajo Paraguá at the edge of the Noel Kempff Mercado National Park.,bib8226,no -2957-speaker_number-1,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4595,no -2957-speakers-1,2957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 (semi-speakers?): \""It is currently spoken by supposedly one speaker in Bolivia and three speakers in Brazil.\"""", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4595,no +2957-location-4,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Porvenir, Bolivia; Pimenteiras, Brazil",bib1993,yes +2957-location-5,2957,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Brazil""]}",,The Bolivia Pauserna live with the Chiquitano in Territorio Guarasugwe-Chiquitano del Bajo Paraguá at the edge of the Noel Kempff Mercado National Park.,bib8251,no +2957-speaker_number-1,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4616,no +2957-speakers-1,2957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 (semi-speakers?): \""It is currently spoken by supposedly one speaker in Bolivia and three speakers in Brazil.\"""", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4616,no 2957-speakers-2,2957,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,"""No known L1 speakers."" (Adelaar)",bib69,no -2957-speaker_number-3,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"1 speaker in Bolivia, a couple of semi-speakers possibly; 2 or 3 in Brazil, the number of other semi-speakers in Brazil unknown. There seems to be one old speaker near Porvenir, Bolivia; nowadays, I suppose he is not a real speaker anymore. in Pimenteiras, Brazil, the other side of the river, the Guarasu share the lands in a community with a few other ethnic groups. Guarasu people and the 2 or 3 speakers? ... moved there from Bolivia ... [In] a meeting of indigenous peoples in Pimenteiras (the Guarasuwe) ... they count 40 ethnic Guarasuwe ... [you] get very high number of members of the ethnic group everywhere, since they are in a process of getting acknowledged, and basically they tend to give rather high numbers.",bib1981,yes -2957-speakers-3,2957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"1 speaker in Bolivia, a couple of semi-speakers possibly; 2 or 3 in Brazil, the number of other semi-speakers in Brazil unknown. There seems to be one old speaker near Porvenir, Bolivia; nowadays, I suppose he is not a real speaker anymore. in Pimenteiras, Brazil, the other side of the river, the Guarasu share the lands in a community with a few other ethnic groups. Guarasu people and the 2 or 3 speakers? ... moved there from Bolivia ... [In] a meeting of indigenous peoples in Pimenteiras (the Guarasuwe) ... they count 40 ethnic Guarasuwe ... [you] get very high number of members of the ethnic group everywhere, since they are in a process of getting acknowledged, and basically they tend to give rather high numbers.",bib1981,yes -2957-speaker_number-4,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"A few [semi-]speakers(?) both in Bolivia and in Brazil. The group in Brazil is said to be a case of auto-identification, so maybe they are not speakers anymore.",bib8226,no -2957-speakers-4,2957,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"A few [semi-]speakers(?) both in Bolivia and in Brazil. The group in Brazil is said to be a case of auto-identification, so maybe they are not speakers anymore.",bib8226,no -2957-LEI-1,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4595,no -2957-transmission-1,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4595,no -2957-speaker_number_trends-1,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4595,no -2957-vitality-1,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4595,no +2957-speaker_number-3,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"1 speaker in Bolivia, a couple of semi-speakers possibly; 2 or 3 in Brazil, the number of other semi-speakers in Brazil unknown. There seems to be one old speaker near Porvenir, Bolivia; nowadays, I suppose he is not a real speaker anymore. in Pimenteiras, Brazil, the other side of the river, the Guarasu share the lands in a community with a few other ethnic groups. Guarasu people and the 2 or 3 speakers? ... moved there from Bolivia ... [In] a meeting of indigenous peoples in Pimenteiras (the Guarasuwe) ... they count 40 ethnic Guarasuwe ... [you] get very high number of members of the ethnic group everywhere, since they are in a process of getting acknowledged, and basically they tend to give rather high numbers.",bib1993,yes +2957-speakers-3,2957,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"1 speaker in Bolivia, a couple of semi-speakers possibly; 2 or 3 in Brazil, the number of other semi-speakers in Brazil unknown. There seems to be one old speaker near Porvenir, Bolivia; nowadays, I suppose he is not a real speaker anymore. in Pimenteiras, Brazil, the other side of the river, the Guarasu share the lands in a community with a few other ethnic groups. Guarasu people and the 2 or 3 speakers? ... moved there from Bolivia ... [In] a meeting of indigenous peoples in Pimenteiras (the Guarasuwe) ... they count 40 ethnic Guarasuwe ... [you] get very high number of members of the ethnic group everywhere, since they are in a process of getting acknowledged, and basically they tend to give rather high numbers.",bib1993,yes +2957-speaker_number-4,2957,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"A few [semi-]speakers(?) both in Bolivia and in Brazil. The group in Brazil is said to be a case of auto-identification, so maybe they are not speakers anymore.",bib8251,no +2957-speakers-4,2957,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"A few [semi-]speakers(?) both in Bolivia and in Brazil. The group in Brazil is said to be a case of auto-identification, so maybe they are not speakers anymore.",bib8251,no +2957-LEI-1,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4616,no +2957-transmission-1,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4616,no +2957-speaker_number_trends-1,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4616,no +2957-vitality-1,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4616,no 2957-LEI-2,2957,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 2957-vitality-2,2957,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -2957-LEI-3,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1981,yes -2957-transmission-3,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1981,yes -2957-speaker_number_trends-3,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1981,yes -2957-vitality-3,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1981,yes -2957-LEI-4,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8226,no -2957-transmission-4,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8226,no -2957-speaker_number_trends-4,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8226,no -2957-vitality-4,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8226,no -2959-location-1,2959,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Para State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Parakana, Terra Ind\u0131gena Apyterewa, Terra Ind\u0131gena Trincheira/Bacaja.""}",,,bib1903,no +2957-LEI-3,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1993,yes +2957-transmission-3,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1993,yes +2957-speaker_number_trends-3,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1993,yes +2957-vitality-3,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1993,yes +2957-LEI-4,2957,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8251,no +2957-transmission-4,2957,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8251,no +2957-speaker_number_trends-4,2957,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8251,no +2957-vitality-4,2957,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8251,no +2959-location-1,2959,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Para State, Terra Ind\u0131gena Parakana, Terra Ind\u0131gena Apyterewa, Terra Ind\u0131gena Trincheira/Bacaja.""}",,,bib1915,no 2959-location-2,2959,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Pará state,bib169,yes -2959-location-3,2959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2441, -52.7014]]}",,,bib5307,no +2959-location-3,2959,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2441, -52.7014]]}",,,bib5330,no 2959-location-4,2959,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Para State, lower Xingú River, near the towns of São Felix and Altamira.",bib67,no 2959-speaker_number-1,2959,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2959-speakers-1,2959,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""451"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2959-speakers-2,2959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""753"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,Most Parakana still speak their mother tongue.,bib1903,no +2959-speakers-2,2959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""753"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,Most Parakana still speak their mother tongue.,bib1915,no 2959-speaker_number-3,2959,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,.266 (Funai/Altamira, 2010)",bib169,yes 2959-speakers-3,2959,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,266"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,286"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,.266 (Funai/Altamira, 2010)",bib169,yes 2959-speaker_number-4,2959,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(2004 ISA) @@ -30267,170 +30453,170 @@ In Venezuela: 200 (200 speakers, 200 ethnic population).",bib70,no 2959-vitality-2,2959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib169,yes 2959-LEI-3,2959,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2959-vitality-3,2959,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2960-context-1,2960,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 7o% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes +2960-context-1,2960,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 7o% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes 2960-context-2,2960,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,no 2960-location-1,2960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5, -66.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2960-location-2,2960,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""From the 6th to the 8th parallel north, and form the 65th to the 67th meridian, mostly within the Distrito Cede\u00f1o of Estado Bol\u00edvar in the central plains of Venezuela, just south of the Orinoco River at Caicara, and east of Puerto Carre\u00f1o.""}",,,bib5808,yes +2960-location-2,2960,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""From the 6th to the 8th parallel north, and form the 65th to the 67th meridian, mostly within the Distrito Cede\u00f1o of Estado Bol\u00edvar in the central plains of Venezuela, just south of the Orinoco River at Caicara, and east of Puerto Carre\u00f1o.""}",,,bib5832,yes 2960-location-3,2960,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Bolivar State, 240 km south of Caicara de Orinoco, west of the Cuchivero River; savannah and highland groups. 20 or more settlements.""}",,"Bolivar State, 240 km south of Caicara de Orinoco, west of the Cuchivero River; savannah and highland groups. 20 or more settlements.",bib67,no -2960-location-4,2960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5445, -66.4233]]}",,,bib5307,no -2960-location-5,2960,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no -2960-speaker_number-1,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5808,yes -2960-speakers-1,2960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5808,yes +2960-location-4,2960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5445, -66.4233]]}",,,bib5330,no +2960-location-5,2960,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no +2960-speaker_number-1,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5832,yes +2960-speakers-1,2960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5832,yes 2960-speaker_number-2,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3540 (2001 census). Nearly all women are monolingual; men bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2960-speakers-2,2960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4270"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3540"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3540 (2001 census). Nearly all women are monolingual; men bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2960-speaker_number-3,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2960-speakers-3,2960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2960-speaker_number-3,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2960-speakers-3,2960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2960-speaker_number-4,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2960-speakers-4,2960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2960-speaker_number-5,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -2960-speakers-5,2960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,269"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4184"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no -2960-LEI-1,2960,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes -2960-transmission-1,2960,transmission,0,transmission-0,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes -2960-domains_of_use-1,2960,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes -2960-speaker_number_trends-1,2960,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes -2960-vitality-1,2960,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5808,yes +2960-speaker_number-5,2960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +2960-speakers-5,2960,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,269"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4184"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no +2960-LEI-1,2960,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes +2960-transmission-1,2960,transmission,0,transmission-0,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes +2960-domains_of_use-1,2960,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes +2960-speaker_number_trends-1,2960,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes +2960-vitality-1,2960,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,We estimate that ... 90% of the women and 70% of the men are monolingual. The remaining 30% of the men and 10% of the women (20% of the entire population) are bilingual in Spanish to varying degrees.,bib5832,yes 2960-LEI-2,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2960-vitality-2,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2960-LEI-3,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2960-vitality-3,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2960-LEI-3,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2960-vitality-3,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2960-LEI-4,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2960-vitality-4,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2960-LEI-5,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2960-vitality-5,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2960-LEI-5,2960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2960-vitality-5,2960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2961-location-1,2961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0, -55.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2961-location-2,2961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -2961-location-3,2961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.449, -54.5965]]}",,,bib5307,no -2961-location-4,2961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northern Mato Grosso State, Parque Indigena do Xingu; southwestern Para\nState, on the Iriri River, Terra Indigena Panara, Naspotiti village.""}",,,bib1903,yes -2961-location-5,2961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +2961-location-3,2961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.449, -54.5965]]}",,,bib5330,no +2961-location-4,2961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northern Mato Grosso State, Parque Indigena do Xingu; southwestern Para\nState, on the Iriri River, Terra Indigena Panara, Naspotiti village.""}",,,bib1915,yes +2961-location-5,2961,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 2961-speaker_number-1,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 (2004 ISA),bib67,no 2961-speakers-1,2961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 (2004 ISA),bib67,no -2961-speaker_number-2,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2961-speakers-2,2961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""306"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2961-speaker_number-3,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All Panara speak their native language and many also speak Kayapo or Suya, or both. Nearly all understand some Portuguese, but only a few men speak it relatively fluently.",bib1903,yes -2961-speakers-3,2961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All Panara speak their native language and many also speak Kayapo or Suya, or both. Nearly all understand some Portuguese, but only a few men speak it relatively fluently.",bib1903,yes +2961-speaker_number-2,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2961-speakers-2,2961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""306"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2961-speaker_number-3,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All Panara speak their native language and many also speak Kayapo or Suya, or both. Nearly all understand some Portuguese, but only a few men speak it relatively fluently.",bib1915,yes +2961-speakers-3,2961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All Panara speak their native language and many also speak Kayapo or Suya, or both. Nearly all understand some Portuguese, but only a few men speak it relatively fluently.",bib1915,yes 2961-speaker_number-4,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2961-speakers-4,2961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2961-speaker_number-5,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -2961-speakers-5,2961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""374"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""374"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no +2961-speaker_number-5,2961,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +2961-speakers-5,2961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""374"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""374"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no 2961-LEI-1,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2961-vitality-1,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2961-LEI-2,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2961-vitality-2,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2961-LEI-3,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -2961-vitality-3,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +2961-LEI-2,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2961-vitality-2,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2961-LEI-3,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +2961-vitality-3,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 2961-LEI-4,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2961-vitality-4,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2961-LEI-5,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2961-vitality-5,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2962-context-1,2962,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Portuguese, Creole""}",,,bib4789,yes +2961-LEI-5,2961,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2961-vitality-5,2961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2962-context-1,2962,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Portuguese, Creole""}",,,bib4811,yes 2962-location-1,2962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.0, -51.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2962-location-2,2962,location,"{""Places"": [""French Guiana"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Amapa State, banks of the Urucauá River, right-bank tributary of the Uaçá between the Uaçá and Curipi rivers, Oiapoque municipality, Terra Indígena Uaçá I and II, in 10 villages.",bib67,no -2962-location-3,2962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.908, -51.9873]]}",,,bib5307,no -2962-location-4,2962,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""]}",,,bib1903,no -2962-location-5,2962,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""]}",,,bib1902,no +2962-location-3,2962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.908, -51.9873]]}",,,bib5330,no +2962-location-4,2962,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""]}",,,bib1915,no +2962-location-5,2962,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and French Guiana""]}",,,bib1914,no 2962-speaker_number-1,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"920 in Brazil (2000 ISA). Population total all countries: 1,420. 1540 (2016).",bib67,no 2962-speakers-1,2962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"920 in Brazil (2000 ISA). Population total all countries: 1,420. 1540 (2016).",bib67,no -2962-speaker_number-2,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4789,yes -2962-speakers-2,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4789,yes -2962-speaker_number-3,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2962-speakers-3,2962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2962-speakers-4,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,418""}",,"Many Palikur also speak or understand Patua, the Creole language used as a lingua franca in the region. The majority of the educated younger generation and some men speak Portuguese",bib1903,no +2962-speaker_number-2,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4811,yes +2962-speakers-2,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4811,yes +2962-speaker_number-3,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2962-speakers-3,2962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2962-speakers-4,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,418""}",,"Many Palikur also speak or understand Patua, the Creole language used as a lingua franca in the region. The majority of the educated younger generation and some men speak Portuguese",bib1915,no 2962-speaker_number-5,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2962-speakers-5,2962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2962-speaker_number-6,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 1300 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1330 people in Brazil and less than 1500 speakers in an ethnic population of 1500 people in French Guiana.,bib1902,no -2962-speakers-6,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2830"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 1300 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1330 people in Brazil and less than 1500 speakers in an ethnic population of 1500 people in French Guiana.,bib1902,no +2962-speaker_number-6,2962,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 1300 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1330 people in Brazil and less than 1500 speakers in an ethnic population of 1500 people in French Guiana.,bib1914,no +2962-speakers-6,2962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2830"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 1300 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1330 people in Brazil and less than 1500 speakers in an ethnic population of 1500 people in French Guiana.,bib1914,no 2962-LEI-1,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2962-vitality-1,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2962-LEI-2,2962,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Le palikur se caractérise par le fait qu’il est déjà partiellement supplanté par le créole guyanais ainsi que par le portugais et le français. Le taux de connaissance partielle ou passive est très fort : sur quelque 2 000 personnes (environ 1 000 en Guyane et autant au Brésil) qui se définissent ou sont reconnues comme palikur, la pratique réelle et quotidienne atteint au maximum les deux tiers ... L’usage de la langue est essentiellement oral. La société étant assez égalitaire ... L'influence du français, ainsi que celle du créole et du portugais, est très forte ... La pratique incertaine des « semi-locuteurs » affecte certaines parties de la grammaire : en particulier le système des classificateurs numériques est très mal maîtrisé par de nombreux Palikur capables par ailleurs d’assurer une communication satisfaisante dans la langue. -[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4789,yes +[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4811,yes 2962-transmission-2,2962,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Le palikur se caractérise par le fait qu’il est déjà partiellement supplanté par le créole guyanais ainsi que par le portugais et le français. Le taux de connaissance partielle ou passive est très fort : sur quelque 2 000 personnes (environ 1 000 en Guyane et autant au Brésil) qui se définissent ou sont reconnues comme palikur, la pratique réelle et quotidienne atteint au maximum les deux tiers ... L’usage de la langue est essentiellement oral. La société étant assez égalitaire ... L'influence du français, ainsi que celle du créole et du portugais, est très forte ... La pratique incertaine des « semi-locuteurs » affecte certaines parties de la grammaire : en particulier le système des classificateurs numériques est très mal maîtrisé par de nombreux Palikur capables par ailleurs d’assurer une communication satisfaisante dans la langue. -[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4789,yes +[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4811,yes 2962-vitality-2,2962,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Le palikur se caractérise par le fait qu’il est déjà partiellement supplanté par le créole guyanais ainsi que par le portugais et le français. Le taux de connaissance partielle ou passive est très fort : sur quelque 2 000 personnes (environ 1 000 en Guyane et autant au Brésil) qui se définissent ou sont reconnues comme palikur, la pratique réelle et quotidienne atteint au maximum les deux tiers ... L’usage de la langue est essentiellement oral. La société étant assez égalitaire ... L'influence du français, ainsi que celle du créole et du portugais, est très forte ... La pratique incertaine des « semi-locuteurs » affecte certaines parties de la grammaire : en particulier le système des classificateurs numériques est très mal maîtrisé par de nombreux Palikur capables par ailleurs d’assurer une communication satisfaisante dans la langue. -[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4789,yes -2962-LEI-3,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2962-vitality-3,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +[Palikur is characterized by the fact that it is already partially supplanted by Guyanese Creole as well as by Portuguese and French. The level of partial or passive knowledge is very strong: of some 2000 people (about 1000 as Guyana and the same in Brazil) who define themselves or are recognized as Palikur, the real and daily use reaches only a maximum of two-thirds of that ... The use of language is primarily oral. The society is fairly egalitarian ... The influence of the French, as well as Creole and Portuguese, is very strong ... The uncertain practice of ""semi-speakers"" affects parts of the grammar in particular the system of numerical classifiers is very poorly controlled by many Palikur to ensure adequate communication in the language.]",bib4811,yes +2962-LEI-3,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2962-vitality-3,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2962-LEI-4,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2962-vitality-4,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2962-LEI-5,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2962-vitality-5,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2962-LEI-5,2962,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2962-vitality-5,2962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2963-context-1,2963,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paraguayan Guarani""}",,,bib68,no 2963-location-1,2963,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""For Kaiw\u00e1 [kgk]: Mato Grosso do Sul, from the Apa, Dourados, and Ivinhema rivers in the north to the Mbarakaju mountains and tributaries of the Jejui River in the south.\nFor Pai Tavytera [pta]: Amambay, Concepci\u00f3n, Canindey\u00fa, and San Pedro departments.""}",,"For Kaiwá [kgk]: Mato Grosso do Sul, from the Apa, Dourados, and Ivinhema rivers in the north to the Mbarakaju mountains and tributaries of the Jejui River in the south. For Pai Tavytera [pta]: Amambay, Concepción, Canindeyú, and San Pedro departments.",bib68,no -2963-location-2,2963,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5812, -55.0759]]}",,,bib5307,yes -2963-location-3,2963,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no +2963-location-2,2963,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5812, -55.0759]]}",,,bib5330,yes +2963-location-3,2963,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no 2963-location-4,2963,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.0, -55.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2963-speaker_number-1,2963,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,no 2963-speakers-1,2963,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""26,030"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003 (speaker numbers), 2007 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,no -2963-speaker_number-2,2963,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -2963-speakers-2,2963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes -2963-speaker_number-3,2963,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2963-speakers-3,2963,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~8,025"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2963-speaker_number-2,2963,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +2963-speakers-2,2963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes +2963-speaker_number-3,2963,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2963-speakers-3,2963,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~8,025"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2963-speaker_number-4,2963,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2963-speakers-4,2963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 2963-LEI-1,2963,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2963-vitality-1,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -2963-LEI-2,2963,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -2963-vitality-2,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -2963-LEI-3,2963,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2963-vitality-3,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2963-LEI-2,2963,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +2963-vitality-2,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +2963-LEI-3,2963,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2963-vitality-3,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2963-LEI-4,2963,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2963-vitality-4,2963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2964-context-1,2964,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 2964-location-1,2964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.66666666667, -76.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2964-location-2,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no 2964-location-3,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Cauca, Huila, and Tolima departments: Popayán area, central Andes range.",bib70,no -2964-location-4,2964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8237, -76.3117]]}",,,bib5307,no -2964-location-5,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no -2964-location-6,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2964-location-4,2964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.8237, -76.3117]]}",,,bib5330,no +2964-location-5,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no +2964-location-6,2964,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2964-speaker_number-1,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"77,400 (2000 SIL), increasing. 35,700 to 41,650 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 138,501.",bib67,no 2964-speakers-1,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138,501"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"77,400 (2000 SIL), increasing. 35,700 to 41,650 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 138,501.",bib67,no 2964-speaker_number-2,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no 2964-speakers-2,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""119,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib70,no -2964-speaker_number-3,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2964-speakers-3,2964,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2964-speaker_number-4,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1903,no -2964-speakers-4,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""118,845"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1903,no +2964-speaker_number-3,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2964-speakers-3,2964,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2964-speaker_number-4,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1915,no +2964-speakers-4,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""118,845"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1915,no 2964-speaker_number-5,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2964-speakers-5,2964,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2964-speaker_number-6,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -2964-speakers-6,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138,501"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2964-speaker_number-6,2964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +2964-speakers-6,2964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138,501"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2964-LEI-1,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,increasing,bib67,no 2964-vitality-1,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,increasing,bib67,no 2964-LEI-2,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2964-vitality-2,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2964-LEI-3,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2964-vitality-3,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2964-LEI-4,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2964-vitality-4,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2964-LEI-3,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2964-vitality-3,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2964-LEI-4,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2964-vitality-4,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2964-LEI-5,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2964-vitality-5,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2964-LEI-6,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2964-vitality-6,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2964-LEI-6,2964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2964-vitality-6,2964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2965-context-1,2965,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -2965-context-2,2965,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +2965-context-2,2965,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 2965-location-1,2965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.0, -109.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2965-location-2,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ute in southwest Colorado, southeast and northeast; Southern Paiute in southwest Utah, north Arizona, and south Nevada; Chemehuevi on lower Colorado River, California.\n\nUte dialect: southwest Colorado, and southeast and northeast Utah; Southern Paiute dialect: southwest Utah, north Arizona, and south Nevada; northwest New Mexico; Chemehuevi dialect on lower Colorado river, California.""}",,"Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California, New Mexico",bib67,no 2965-location-3,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, California""]}",,Colorado: southwest and Utah: southeast and northeast (Ute dialect); Utah: southwest; Arizona:north; Nevada: south; New Mexico: northwest (Southern Paiute dialect); California: lower Colorado River (Chemehuevi dialect).,bib70,no -2965-location-4,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.2329, -109.8223]]}",,,bib5307,no -2965-location-5,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California""], ""Description"": ""Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain within Southern Numic that extends from central Colorado westward across Utah and southern Nevada to the eastern Mojave Desert in California. There are three major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible: Ute (Colorado and central Utah) in and around 3 reservation Communities: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado); (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado); (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah). Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in ten widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The five Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump). Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California.""}",,,bib5217,yes -2965-location-6,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.6818, -113.088], [34.0138, -114.2146], [37.115, -107.6331], [37.2105, -108.7223], [40.2329, -109.8223]]}",,,bib1709,no -2965-speaker_number-1,2965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Three major dialects: (1) Ute (about 900 speakers); (2) Southern Paiute; and (3) Chemehuevi. Less than 20 people speak the Chemehuevi dialect as a first language.,bib6077,no -2965-speakers-1,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Three major dialects: (1) Ute (about 900 speakers); (2) Southern Paiute; and (3) Chemehuevi. Less than 20 people speak the Chemehuevi dialect as a first language.,bib6077,no +2965-location-4,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.2329, -109.8223]]}",,,bib5330,no +2965-location-5,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California""], ""Description"": ""Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain within Southern Numic that extends from central Colorado westward across Utah and southern Nevada to the eastern Mojave Desert in California. There are three major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible: Ute (Colorado and central Utah) in and around 3 reservation Communities: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado); (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado); (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah). Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in ten widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The five Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump). Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California.""}",,,bib5240,yes +2965-location-6,2965,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.6818, -113.088], [34.0138, -114.2146], [37.115, -107.6331], [37.2105, -108.7223], [40.2329, -109.8223]]}",,,bib1721,no +2965-speaker_number-1,2965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Three major dialects: (1) Ute (about 900 speakers); (2) Southern Paiute; and (3) Chemehuevi. Less than 20 people speak the Chemehuevi dialect as a first language.,bib6101,no +2965-speakers-1,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Three major dialects: (1) Ute (about 900 speakers); (2) Southern Paiute; and (3) Chemehuevi. Less than 20 people speak the Chemehuevi dialect as a first language.,bib6101,no 2965-speaker_number-2,2965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: 2000 census. 20 monolinguals (1990 census). 3 Chemehuevi on Chemehuevi Reservation, 10 on Colorado River Reservation (1994 L. Hinton). Ethnic population 5,000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 2965-speakers-2,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1980"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: 2000 census. 20 monolinguals (1990 census). 3 Chemehuevi on Chemehuevi Reservation, 10 on Colorado River Reservation (1994 L. Hinton). Ethnic population 5,000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 2965-speaker_number-3,2965,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"920 (Golla 2007). 3 Chemehuevi on Chemehuevi Reservation, 10 on Colorado River Reservation (Hinton 1994). Ethnic population: 6230 (Golla 2007). Ute: 4,800; Southern Paiute: 1430 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 2965-speakers-3,2965,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"920 (Golla 2007). 3 Chemehuevi on Chemehuevi Reservation, 10 on Colorado River Reservation (Hinton 1994). Ethnic population: 6230 (Golla 2007). Ute: 4,800; Southern Paiute: 1430 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -2965-speaker_number-4,2965,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2965-speakers-4,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""903"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +2965-speaker_number-4,2965,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2965-speakers-4,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""903"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 2965-speaker_number-5,2965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain within Southern Numic that extends from central Colorado westward across Utah and southern Nevada to the eastern Mojave Desert in California. There are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900 people in and around three reservation communities: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. @@ -30439,7 +30625,7 @@ Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated comm The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The three southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. -Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-speakers-5,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain within Southern Numic that extends from central Colorado westward across Utah and southern Nevada to the eastern Mojave Desert in California. There are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900 people in and around three reservation communities: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. @@ -30448,11 +30634,11 @@ Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated comm The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The three southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. -Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona (which the Chemehuevis share with Mohaves, Navajos, and Hopis), and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-speaker_number-6,2965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2965-speakers-6,2965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2965-LEI-1,2965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -2965-vitality-1,2965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no +2965-LEI-1,2965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +2965-vitality-1,2965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no 2965-LEI-2,2965,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2965-transmission-2,2965,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib67,no 2965-vitality-2,2965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no @@ -30460,136 +30646,136 @@ Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservat 2965-transmission-3,2965,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 2965-speaker_number_trends-3,2965,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 2965-vitality-3,2965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -2965-LEI-4,2965,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2965-vitality-4,2965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2965-LEI-4,2965,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2965-vitality-4,2965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2965-LEI-5,2965,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain; there are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. -Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-transmission-5,2965,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain; there are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. -Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-speaker_number_trends-5,2965,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain; there are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. -Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-vitality-5,2965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Ute-Chemehuevi is a dialect chain; there are 3 major regional varieties, all mutually intelligible. -Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5217,yes +Ute (Colorado and central Utah) is spoken by about 900: (1) Southern Ute (Ignacio, Colorado), where there about 100 first-language speakers, the youngest about 55, out of a total population of 1,300. (2) Ute Mountain Ute (Towaoc, Colorado), where there about 500 first-language speakers, the youngest about 25, out of a total population of 1,500. (3) Uintah & Ouray (Northern) Ute (Ft. Duchesne, Utah), where there about 300 first-language speakers, the youngest about 45, out of a total population of 2,000. Southern Paiute (southern Utah and Nevada) is spoken in 10 widely separated communities in Utah, Arizona, and Nevada. The 5 Utah communities constitute the Paiute Tribe of Utah and have a total population of about 600. The San Juan Paiute Tribe is settled on the Navajo Reservation in Utah and Arizona and has a population of 220. The Kaibab Paiute Tribe, with a reservation north of the Grand Canyon, has a population of 212. The 3 southern Nevada tribes (Moapa, Las Vegas, and Pahrump) have a combined population of over 400. The language is spoken to a varying extent in all communities, but only in the San Juan tribe are children still acquiring it as their first language. Chemehuevi (southern California) is spoken on the Colorado River Indian Reservation at Parker, Arizona, and on the neighboring Chemehuevi Reservation in California. There are fewer than 20 first-language speakers, with the youngest nearly 40.",bib5240,yes 2965-LEI-6,2965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2965-vitality-6,2965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2968-context-1,2968,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,A few also use Spanish.,bib70,no 2968-location-1,2968,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.5, -71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2968-location-2,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no 2968-location-3,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Jungle region between Guaviare and Inírida rivers, up to Mapiripan. Near Charco Caimán.",bib70,no -2968-location-4,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""departments of Guaviare and Guainia, between the Guaviare River and the Upper Inirida.""}",,,bib1903,no -2968-location-5,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2968-location-4,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""departments of Guaviare and Guainia, between the Guaviare River and the Upper Inirida.""}",,,bib1915,no +2968-location-5,2968,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2968-speaker_number-1,2968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Garcia (2005).,bib67,no 2968-speakers-1,2968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Garcia (2005).,bib67,no 2968-speaker_number-2,2968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2968-speakers-2,2968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no 2968-speakers-3,2968,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""380""}",,"Nukak and Kakua are sometimes considered the same language, -because they share a large percentage of their lexicon and supposedly are mutually intelligible.",bib1903,no +because they share a large percentage of their lexicon and supposedly are mutually intelligible.",bib1915,no 2968-speaker_number-4,2968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2968-speakers-4,2968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2968-speaker_number-5,2968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -2968-speakers-5,2968,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""390"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2968-speaker_number-5,2968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +2968-speakers-5,2968,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""390"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2968-LEI-1,2968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2968-vitality-1,2968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2968-LEI-2,2968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2968-vitality-2,2968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 2968-LEI-3,2968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2968-vitality-3,2968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2968-LEI-4,2968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2968-vitality-4,2968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2968-LEI-4,2968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2968-vitality-4,2968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2969-context-1,2969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""ndoque [ano], Muinane [bmr], Murui Huitoto [huu], Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib69,no -2969-context-2,2969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Only some elders who know some words.,bib535,no -2969-location-1,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Localizaci\u00f3n de \u00faltima comunidad de hablantes (Colombia, Departamento del Amazonas, Corregimiento de Puerto Santander, Comunidad de Pe\u00f1a Roja): 0\u00b040'17.48\""S, 72\u00b0 5'2.70\""W.\n\n[Location of the last community of speakers (Colombia, Amazonas Department, township of Puerto Santander, community of Pe\u00f1a Roja: 0\u00b040'17.48\""S, 72\u00b0 5'2.70\""W.]"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.671522, -72.084083]]}",,,bib2389,no -2969-location-2,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja, to the east of the urban centers of Araracuara (Caquetá) and Puerto Santander (Amazonas).",bib7579,yes +2969-context-2,2969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Only some elders who know some words.,bib538,no +2969-location-1,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Localizaci\u00f3n de \u00faltima comunidad de hablantes (Colombia, Departamento del Amazonas, Corregimiento de Puerto Santander, Comunidad de Pe\u00f1a Roja): 0\u00b040'17.48\""S, 72\u00b0 5'2.70\""W.\n\n[Location of the last community of speakers (Colombia, Amazonas Department, township of Puerto Santander, community of Pe\u00f1a Roja: 0\u00b040'17.48\""S, 72\u00b0 5'2.70\""W.]"", ""Coordinates"": [[0.671522, -72.084083]]}",,,bib2402,no +2969-location-2,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja, to the east of the urban centers of Araracuara (Caquetá) and Puerto Santander (Amazonas).",bib7604,yes 2969-location-3,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Peru""]}",,"In Colombia: Amazonas department: Puerto Santander municipality, Peña Roja. In Peru: Loreto region: Maynas province, Putumayo district.",bib70,no -2969-location-4,2969,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.156347, -71.782031]]}",,,bib7945,no -2969-location-5,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""On the Middle Caqueta , Villa Azul, and on the Lower Putumayo.""}",,,bib1903,no +2969-location-4,2969,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.156347, -71.782031]]}",,,bib7970,no +2969-location-5,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""On the Middle Caqueta , Villa Azul, and on the Lower Putumayo.""}",,,bib1915,no 2969-location-6,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas Department, Puerto Santander municipality, Pe\u00f1a Roja.""}",,"Amazonas Department, Puerto Santander municipality, Peña Roja.",bib69,no -2969-location-7,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no -2969-location-8,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib535,no +2969-location-7,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no +2969-location-8,2969,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib538,no 2969-speaker_number-1,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Población del grupo étnico nonuya por descendencia: aprox. 90. Hablantes: 4 y unos pocos más con competencia limitada. -[Population of the Nonuya ethnic group by descent: approximately 90. Speakers: 4 and a few more with limited competence.]",bib2389,no +[Population of the Nonuya ethnic group by descent: approximately 90. Speakers: 4 and a few more with limited competence.]",bib2402,no 2969-speakers-1,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Población del grupo étnico nonuya por descendencia: aprox. 90. Hablantes: 4 y unos pocos más con competencia limitada. -[Population of the Nonuya ethnic group by descent: approximately 90. Speakers: 4 and a few more with limited competence.]",bib2389,no +[Population of the Nonuya ethnic group by descent: approximately 90. Speakers: 4 and a few more with limited competence.]",bib2402,no 2969-speakers-2,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015""}",,"En la actualidad, no hay personas cuya lengua materna sea el nononotá. Quienes hoy tienen alguna competencia en la lengua, lo aprendieron posteriormente al muinane (como en el caso de los abuelos Elías y José) y al castellano (como en el caso de Evelio y Sika, hijos de don Elías). De los últimos tres hablantes nativos (fallecidos), se mantienen archivos de audio y transcripciones documentadas entre las décadas de los setenta y noventa en procesos liderados por miembros del grupo (especialmente el abuelo José Moreno, del clan mochilero), con el apoyo del lingüista Jon Landaburu, del antropólogo Juan Alvaro Echeverri y la Fundación Gaia (p.53). -[Currently, there are no people whose mother tongue is Nononotá. Those who today have some proficiency in the language learned it later after Muinane (as in the case of the elders Elijah and Joseph) and Spanish (as in the case of Evelio and Sika, sons of Don Elias). Of the last three native speakers (deceased), audio files and documented transcriptions from between the decades of the seventies to the nineties are kept in processes led by members of the group (especially the elder José Moreno, of the backpacker clan), with the support of linguist the Jon Landaburu, the anthropologist Juan Alvaro Echeverri, and the Gaia Foundation (p.54).]",bib7579,yes -2969-speakers-3,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The language has gone extinct or is ""hanging by a thread"", according to Aguirre and Reinoso (2006: 131).",bib6358,no +[Currently, there are no people whose mother tongue is Nononotá. Those who today have some proficiency in the language learned it later after Muinane (as in the case of the elders Elijah and Joseph) and Spanish (as in the case of Evelio and Sika, sons of Don Elias). Of the last three native speakers (deceased), audio files and documented transcriptions from between the decades of the seventies to the nineties are kept in processes led by members of the group (especially the elder José Moreno, of the backpacker clan), with the support of linguist the Jon Landaburu, the anthropologist Juan Alvaro Echeverri, and the Gaia Foundation (p.54).]",bib7604,yes +2969-speakers-3,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The language has gone extinct or is ""hanging by a thread"", according to Aguirre and Reinoso (2006: 131).",bib6382,no 2969-speaker_number-4,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In Colombia: 3. In Peru: No known L1 speakers.",bib70,no 2969-speakers-4,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In Colombia: 3. In Peru: No known L1 speakers.",bib70,no -2969-speaker_number-5,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2969-speakers-5,2969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2969-speaker_number-5,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2969-speakers-5,2969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2969-speaker_number-6,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,3 in Colombia (2007 J. Echeverri). Population total all countries: 4.,bib69,no 2969-speakers-6,2969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,3 in Colombia (2007 J. Echeverri). Population total all countries: 4.,bib69,no -2969-speaker_number-7,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -2969-speakers-7,2969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""228"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +2969-speaker_number-7,2969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +2969-speakers-7,2969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""228"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 2969-speakers-8,2969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some?""}",,"Se encuentran al borde de la desaparición otras lenguas como el ... nonuya de las cuales ya no quedan sino ancianos que conocen algunas palabras (p. 38). -[Other languages are found on the verge of disappearing such as ... Nonuya of whom there remain only elders who know some words.]",bib535,no -2969-LEI-1,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2389,no -2969-transmission-1,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2389,no -2969-speaker_number_trends-1,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2389,no -2969-vitality-1,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2389,no -2969-LEI-2,2969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7579,yes -2969-vitality-2,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7579,yes -2969-LEI-3,2969,LEI,Awakening (),,"In 2015, a project will commence called ""Recuperación de la lengua nonuya en la Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja"" (Recovery of the Nonuya Language in the Nonuya Community of Peña Roja [Red Rock]), under the supervision of Juan Alvaro Echeverri.",bib6358,no -2969-vitality-3,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"In 2015, a project will commence called ""Recuperación de la lengua nonuya en la Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja"" (Recovery of the Nonuya Language in the Nonuya Community of Peña Roja [Red Rock]), under the supervision of Juan Alvaro Echeverri.",bib6358,no +[Other languages are found on the verge of disappearing such as ... Nonuya of whom there remain only elders who know some words.]",bib538,no +2969-LEI-1,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2402,no +2969-transmission-1,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2402,no +2969-speaker_number_trends-1,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2402,no +2969-vitality-1,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2402,no +2969-LEI-2,2969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7604,yes +2969-vitality-2,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7604,yes +2969-LEI-3,2969,LEI,Awakening (),,"In 2015, a project will commence called ""Recuperación de la lengua nonuya en la Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja"" (Recovery of the Nonuya Language in the Nonuya Community of Peña Roja [Red Rock]), under the supervision of Juan Alvaro Echeverri.",bib6382,no +2969-vitality-3,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"In 2015, a project will commence called ""Recuperación de la lengua nonuya en la Comunidad Nonuya de Peña Roja"" (Recovery of the Nonuya Language in the Nonuya Community of Peña Roja [Red Rock]), under the supervision of Juan Alvaro Echeverri.",bib6382,no 2969-LEI-4,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2969-transmission-4,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2969-speaker_number_trends-4,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no 2969-vitality-4,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Nearly extinct.,bib70,no -2969-LEI-5,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2969-transmission-5,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1903,no -2969-speaker_number_trends-5,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1903,no -2969-vitality-5,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1903,no +2969-LEI-5,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2969-transmission-5,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1915,no +2969-speaker_number_trends-5,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1915,no +2969-vitality-5,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1915,no 2969-LEI-6,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language revival taking place.,bib69,no 2969-vitality-6,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language revival taking place.,bib69,no -2969-LEI-7,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2969-transmission-7,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,no -2969-speaker_number_trends-7,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,no -2969-vitality-7,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,no -2969-LEI-8,2969,LEI,Dormant (),,Only some elders who know some words.,bib535,no -2969-vitality-8,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Only some elders who know some words.,bib535,no -2970-location-1,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Peren\u00e9, Ene, Saniberi, Satipo, and Anapati rivers (among others), in the region of Jun\u00edn, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2969-LEI-7,2969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2969-transmission-7,2969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,no +2969-speaker_number_trends-7,2969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,no +2969-vitality-7,2969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,no +2969-LEI-8,2969,LEI,Dormant (),,Only some elders who know some words.,bib538,no +2969-vitality-8,2969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Only some elders who know some words.,bib538,no +2970-location-1,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Peren\u00e9, Ene, Saniberi, Satipo, and Anapati rivers (among others), in the region of Jun\u00edn, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2970-location-2,2970,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6666666667, -74.5]]}",,,bib216,no 2970-location-3,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Junin region, between Ene and Peren\u00e9 rivers; Anapati River system in the foothills.""}",,"Junin region, between Ene and Perené rivers; Anapati River system in the foothills.",bib67,no -2970-location-4,2970,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3292, -74.3664]]}",,,bib5307,no -2970-location-5,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""between the Ene and Perene rivers, in the Province of Satipo, District of Pangoa""}",,,bib1903,no -2970-location-6,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2970-location-4,2970,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3292, -74.3664]]}",,,bib5330,no +2970-location-5,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""between the Ene and Perene rivers, in the Province of Satipo, District of Pangoa""}",,,bib1915,no +2970-location-6,2970,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2970-speaker_number-1,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,500 (2003 SIL). 5,500 monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2970-speakers-1,2970,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,500 (2003 SIL). 5,500 monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2970-speaker_number-2,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2970-speakers-2,2970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2970-speaker_number-3,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -2970-speakers-3,2970,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +2970-speaker_number-2,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2970-speakers-2,2970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2970-speaker_number-3,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +2970-speakers-3,2970,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 2970-speaker_number-4,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2970-speakers-4,2970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2970-speaker_number-5,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2970-speakers-5,2970,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5531"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,531"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2970-speaker_number-5,2970,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2970-speakers-5,2970,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5531"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,531"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2970-LEI-1,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2970-vitality-1,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2970-LEI-2,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2970-vitality-2,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2970-LEI-3,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2970-vitality-3,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2970-LEI-2,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2970-vitality-2,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2970-LEI-3,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2970-vitality-3,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2970-LEI-4,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2970-vitality-4,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2970-LEI-5,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2970-vitality-5,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2971-context-1,2971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tukano""}",,,bib1903,no +2970-LEI-5,2970,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2970-vitality-5,2970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2971-context-1,2971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tukano""}",,,bib1915,no 2971-location-1,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no 2971-location-2,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: Içana, Lower Vaupés, and Negro river areas. In Colombia: Guainía department: Rio Negro; Vaupés department: Caruru and Yavarate municipalities. In Venezuela: Amazonas state: Brazil border area, Río Negro area, lower Guainía Department, San Pedro and Bultón.",bib70,yes -2971-location-3,2971,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2303, -66.8408]]}",,,bib5307,no -2971-location-4,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Upper Rio Negro, Vaupes area; Lower Rio Negro, Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira Municipality, especially between the Curicuriari and Mare rivers.""}",,,bib1903,no -2971-location-5,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no +2971-location-3,2971,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2303, -66.8408]]}",,,bib5330,no +2971-location-4,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Upper Rio Negro, Vaupes area; Lower Rio Negro, Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira Municipality, especially between the Curicuriari and Mare rivers.""}",,,bib1915,no +2971-location-5,2971,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no 2971-speaker_number-1,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Brazil (1998).",bib67,no 2971-speakers-1,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Brazil (1998).",bib67,no 2971-speaker_number-2,2971,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In Brazil: 10,300 in Brazil (2005) @@ -30598,104 +30784,104 @@ In Venezuela: 760 in Venezuela (2001 census); very few if any (Crevels 2007).",b 2971-speakers-2,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In Brazil: 10,300 in Brazil (2005) In Colombia: 8,000 in Colombia (2004) In Venezuela: 760 in Venezuela (2001 census); very few if any (Crevels 2007).",bib70,yes -2971-speaker_number-3,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2971-speakers-3,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2971-speaker_number-4,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nheengatu is a creolised version of Tupinambá (Tupi-Guarani), which was spread from the east coast by white merchants and missionaries. It was widely used as a lingua franca among indigenous groups and is still used among various groups, some as a first language, others as only a second language. Estimates of numbers of speakers vary widely and it is difficult to get accurate figures.",bib1903,no -2971-speakers-4,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nheengatu is a creolised version of Tupinambá (Tupi-Guarani), which was spread from the east coast by white merchants and missionaries. It was widely used as a lingua franca among indigenous groups and is still used among various groups, some as a first language, others as only a second language. Estimates of numbers of speakers vary widely and it is difficult to get accurate figures.",bib1903,no +2971-speaker_number-3,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2971-speakers-3,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2971-speaker_number-4,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nheengatu is a creolised version of Tupinambá (Tupi-Guarani), which was spread from the east coast by white merchants and missionaries. It was widely used as a lingua franca among indigenous groups and is still used among various groups, some as a first language, others as only a second language. Estimates of numbers of speakers vary widely and it is difficult to get accurate figures.",bib1915,no +2971-speakers-4,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nheengatu is a creolised version of Tupinambá (Tupi-Guarani), which was spread from the east coast by white merchants and missionaries. It was widely used as a lingua franca among indigenous groups and is still used among various groups, some as a first language, others as only a second language. Estimates of numbers of speakers vary widely and it is difficult to get accurate figures.",bib1915,no 2971-speaker_number-5,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2971-speakers-5,2971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -2971-speaker_number-6,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,3000 speakers in Brazil and 1294 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1294 people (2001) in Venezuela,bib1902,no -2971-speakers-6,2971,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4294"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4294"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977 for Brazil, 2001 for Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,3000 speakers in Brazil and 1294 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1294 people (2001) in Venezuela,bib1902,no +2971-speaker_number-6,2971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,3000 speakers in Brazil and 1294 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1294 people (2001) in Venezuela,bib1914,no +2971-speakers-6,2971,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4294"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4294"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977 for Brazil, 2001 for Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,3000 speakers in Brazil and 1294 speakers out of an ethnic population of 1294 people (2001) in Venezuela,bib1914,no 2971-LEI-1,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2971-vitality-1,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2971-LEI-2,2971,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 2971-transmission-2,2971,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib70,yes 2971-speaker_number_trends-2,2971,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,yes 2971-vitality-2,2971,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,yes -2971-LEI-3,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2971-vitality-3,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2971-LEI-4,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2971-vitality-4,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2971-LEI-3,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2971-vitality-3,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2971-LEI-4,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2971-vitality-4,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2971-LEI-5,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2971-vitality-5,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2971-LEI-6,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2971-vitality-6,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2972-context-1,2972,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matsiguenga, Spanish""}",,"Until the mid-1990s, Nantis were entirely monolingual, but now several young men have acquired a thorough knowledge of Matsigenka ... a few young men have also acquired a basic knowledge of Spanish.",bib5150,yes -2972-location-1,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Camisea, Cashiriari, and Timp\u00eda rivers in the department of Cusco, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2971-LEI-6,2971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2971-vitality-6,2971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2972-context-1,2972,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matsiguenga, Spanish""}",,"Until the mid-1990s, Nantis were entirely monolingual, but now several young men have acquired a thorough knowledge of Matsigenka ... a few young men have also acquired a basic knowledge of Spanish.",bib5172,yes +2972-location-1,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Camisea, Cashiriari, and Timp\u00eda rivers in the department of Cusco, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2972-location-2,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Cusco Region, headwaters of Camisea and Timpia rivers.""}",,"Cusco Region, headwaters of Camisea and Timpia rivers.",bib67,no -2972-location-3,2972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6629, -72.6965]]}",,,bib5307,no -2972-location-4,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""southeast, on the headwaters of the Camisea and Timpia rivers, in the communities Montetoni and Maranxejari""}",,,bib1903,no -2972-location-5,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the headwaters regions of the Camisea River and Timpia River of southwestern Peruvian Amazonia.""}",,,bib5150,yes +2972-location-3,2972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6629, -72.6965]]}",,,bib5330,no +2972-location-4,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""southeast, on the headwaters of the Camisea and Timpia rivers, in the communities Montetoni and Maranxejari""}",,,bib1915,no +2972-location-5,2972,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In the headwaters regions of the Camisea River and Timpia River of southwestern Peruvian Amazonia.""}",,,bib5172,yes 2972-speaker_number-1,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"480 (2002 Michael). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 2972-speakers-1,2972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"480 (2002 Michael). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -2972-speaker_number-2,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2972-speakers-2,2972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2972-speaker_number-3,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2972-speakers-3,2972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2972-speaker_number-2,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2972-speakers-2,2972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2972-speaker_number-3,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2972-speakers-3,2972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2972-speaker_number-4,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2972-speakers-4,2972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2972-speaker_number-5,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nanti is spoken by some 450 individuals.,bib5150,yes -2972-speakers-5,2972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nanti is spoken by some 450 individuals.,bib5150,yes +2972-speaker_number-5,2972,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Nanti is spoken by some 450 individuals.,bib5172,yes +2972-speakers-5,2972,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Nanti is spoken by some 450 individuals.,bib5172,yes 2972-LEI-1,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2972-vitality-1,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2972-LEI-2,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2972-vitality-2,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2972-LEI-3,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2972-vitality-3,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2972-LEI-2,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2972-vitality-2,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2972-LEI-3,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2972-vitality-3,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2972-LEI-4,2972,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2972-vitality-4,2972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2972-LEI-5,2972,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5150,yes -2972-transmission-5,2972,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5150,yes -2972-domains_of_use-5,2972,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5150,yes -2972-speaker_number_trends-5,2972,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5150,yes -2972-vitality-5,2972,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5150,yes -2974-location-1,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Ontario""}",,,bib2984,no +2972-LEI-5,2972,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5172,yes +2972-transmission-5,2972,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5172,yes +2972-domains_of_use-5,2972,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5172,yes +2972-speaker_number_trends-5,2972,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5172,yes +2972-vitality-5,2972,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5172,yes +2974-location-1,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Ontario""}",,,bib2998,no 2974-location-2,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.0, -90.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2974-location-3,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northern northwest Ontario into Manitoba.""}",,,bib67,no -2974-location-4,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.8141, -94.8977]]}",,,bib5307,yes -2974-location-5,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Ontario, Michigan. Northwestern Ontario in communities on Severn River, Winisk River, and Sandy Lake.""}",,,bib5217,no +2974-location-4,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[53.8141, -94.8977]]}",,,bib5330,yes +2974-location-5,2974,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Ontario, Michigan. Northwestern Ontario in communities on Severn River, Winisk River, and Sandy Lake.""}",,,bib5240,no 2974-speaker_number-2,2974,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,500 (2001 census) (2013).",bib67,no 2974-speakers-2,2974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,500 (2001 census) (2013).",bib67,no -2974-speaker_number-3,2974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -2974-speakers-3,2974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +2974-speaker_number-3,2974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +2974-speakers-3,2974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,110"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 2974-speaker_number-5,2974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 2974-speakers-5,2974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 2974-LEI-1,2974,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2974-transmission-1,2974,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib67,no 2974-vitality-1,2974,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -2974-LEI-2,2974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -2974-vitality-2,2974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -2974-LEI-3,2974,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -2974-transmission-3,2974,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,no -2974-vitality-3,2974,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5217,no +2974-LEI-2,2974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +2974-vitality-2,2974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +2974-LEI-3,2974,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +2974-transmission-3,2974,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,no +2974-vitality-3,2974,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5240,no 2974-LEI-4,2974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2974-vitality-4,2974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2975-context-1,2975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib70,no 2975-location-1,2975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Mato Grosso state: along Porto Velho-Cuiabá highway. 10 villages.,bib70,no 2975-location-2,2975,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0, -59.0]]}",,,bib216,no -2975-location-3,2975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -2975-location-4,2975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western Mato Grosso, Terra Ind\u0131gena Nambikwara; southeastern\nRondonia State, Vilhena.""}",,,bib1903,no +2975-location-3,2975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +2975-location-4,2975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western Mato Grosso, Terra Ind\u0131gena Nambikwara; southeastern\nRondonia State, Vilhena.""}",,,bib1915,no 2975-speaker_number-1,2975,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 2975-speakers-1,2975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""720"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -2975-speaker_number-2,2975,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Listed as Southern Nambikwara,bib1902,yes -2975-speakers-2,2975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""721"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""721"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Listed as Southern Nambikwara,bib1902,yes -2975-speaker_number-3,2975,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Number of speakers for all Nambikwara languages.,bib1903,no -2975-speakers-3,2975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,145"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Number of speakers for all Nambikwara languages.,bib1903,no +2975-speaker_number-2,2975,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Listed as Southern Nambikwara,bib1914,yes +2975-speakers-2,2975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""721"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""721"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Listed as Southern Nambikwara,bib1914,yes +2975-speaker_number-3,2975,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Number of speakers for all Nambikwara languages.,bib1915,no +2975-speakers-3,2975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,145"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Number of speakers for all Nambikwara languages.,bib1915,no 2975-LEI-1,2975,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. Positive attitude.,bib70,no 2975-vitality-1,2975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. Positive attitude.,bib70,no -2975-LEI-2,2975,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2975-vitality-2,2975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2975-LEI-3,2975,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2975-vitality-3,2975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -2980-location-1,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Paranapura river basin, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +2975-LEI-2,2975,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2975-vitality-2,2975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2975-LEI-3,2975,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2975-vitality-3,2975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +2980-location-1,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Paranapura river basin, in the department of Loreto, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 2980-location-2,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto region, Paranapura River, Muniches town.""}",,"Loreto region, Paranapura River, Muniches town.",bib67,no 2980-location-3,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Loreto region: Muniches on Paranapura River.,bib70,no -2980-location-4,2980,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8182, -76.1846]]}",,,bib5307,no -2980-location-5,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, village of Muniches on the Paranapura River.""}",,,bib1903,no -2980-location-6,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In Munichis, located in the southwestern part of the departament of Loreto.""}",,,bib5147,yes -2980-location-7,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +2980-location-4,2980,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8182, -76.1846]]}",,,bib5330,no +2980-location-5,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, village of Muniches on the Paranapura River.""}",,,bib1915,no +2980-location-6,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""In Munichis, located in the southwestern part of the departament of Loreto.""}",,,bib5169,yes +2980-location-7,2980,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 2980-speaker_number-1,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988). (2013 unchanged.)",bib67,no @@ -30704,37 +30890,37 @@ In Venezuela: 760 in Venezuela (2001 census); very few if any (Crevels 2007).",b (2013 unchanged.)",bib67,no 2980-speakers-2,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Three semi-speakers, ages 60–90; 10 remember but not fluent Michael et al 2013).",bib70,no -2980-speaker_number-3,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -2980-speakers-3,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -2980-speaker_number-4,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -2980-speakers-4,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +2980-speaker_number-3,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +2980-speakers-3,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +2980-speaker_number-4,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +2980-speakers-4,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 2980-speaker_number-5,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2980-speakers-5,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -2980-speakers-6,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3 rememberers""}",,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5147,yes -2980-speaker_number-7,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"According to SIL (1988), only three speakers of Munichi remained and the language was thought to be on the brink of extinction, but in 2008 eight speakers were located. (p. 213.)",bib1902,no -2980-speakers-7,2980,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"According to SIL (1988), only three speakers of Munichi remained and the language was thought to be on the brink of extinction, but in 2008 eight speakers were located. (p. 213.)",bib1902,no +2980-speakers-6,2980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3 rememberers""}",,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5169,yes +2980-speaker_number-7,2980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"According to SIL (1988), only three speakers of Munichi remained and the language was thought to be on the brink of extinction, but in 2008 eight speakers were located. (p. 213.)",bib1914,no +2980-speakers-7,2980,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"According to SIL (1988), only three speakers of Munichi remained and the language was thought to be on the brink of extinction, but in 2008 eight speakers were located. (p. 213.)",bib1914,no 2980-LEI-1,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2980-vitality-1,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2980-LEI-2,2980,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,no 2980-vitality-2,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no -2980-LEI-3,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2980-vitality-3,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2980-LEI-4,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2980-vitality-4,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2980-LEI-3,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2980-vitality-3,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2980-LEI-4,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2980-vitality-4,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2980-LEI-5,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2980-vitality-5,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2980-LEI-6,2980,LEI,Dormant (),,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5147,yes -2980-vitality-6,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5147,yes -2980-LEI-7,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2980-vitality-7,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +2980-LEI-6,2980,LEI,Dormant (),,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5169,yes +2980-vitality-6,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"None of the approximately ten remaining rememberers of Muniche are fully fluent (by their own judgment), but 3 of them retain significant knowledge of the language (p. 307).",bib5169,yes +2980-LEI-7,2980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2980-vitality-7,2980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 2981-context-1,2981,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Used as L2 by Apinayé [apn].,bib70,no -2981-context-2,2981,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,no +2981-context-2,2981,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,no 2981-location-1,2981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0, -58.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2981-location-2,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Para, Amazonas, and Mato Grosso states; middle and upper Tapajós and middle Madeira rivers; 22 villages.",bib67,no 2981-location-3,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas, Mato Grosso, and Pará states; middle Madeira, and middle and upper Tapajós rivers; 22 villages.",bib70,no -2981-location-4,2981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1027, -57.3486]]}",,,bib5307,no -2981-location-5,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Para State, on the creeks and tributaries of the Tapajos River, Santarem, Itaituba and Jacareacanga municipalities;\neastern Amazonas State, on the Canuma River, Nova Olinda Municipality, and near the Trans-Amazon highway, Municipality of Borba; northern Mato Grosso State, Rio dos Peixes area, Juara Municipality; in total on six Indigenous Lands.""}",,,bib1903,no -2981-location-6,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2981-location-4,2981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1027, -57.3486]]}",,,bib5330,no +2981-location-5,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Para State, on the creeks and tributaries of the Tapajos River, Santarem, Itaituba and Jacareacanga municipalities;\neastern Amazonas State, on the Canuma River, Nova Olinda Municipality, and near the Trans-Amazon highway, Municipality of Borba; northern Mato Grosso State, Rio dos Peixes area, Juara Municipality; in total on six Indigenous Lands.""}",,,bib1915,no +2981-location-6,2981,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2981-speaker_number-1,2981,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from FUNASA (2002). 7,500 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 10,100 (2002 FUNASA) (2014) [no change].",bib67,no @@ -30743,47 +30929,47 @@ Three semi-speakers, ages 60–90; 10 remember but not fluent Michael et al 2013 7,500 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 10,100 (2002 FUNASA) (2014) [no change].",bib67,no 2981-speaker_number-2,2981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 2981-speakers-2,2981,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,100 (2002)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -2981-speaker_number-3,2981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2981-speakers-3,2981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2981-speakers-4,2981,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,065"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib1903,no -2981-speaker_number-5,2981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2981-speakers-5,2981,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2981-speaker_number-3,2981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2981-speakers-3,2981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2981-speakers-4,2981,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,065"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib1915,no +2981-speaker_number-5,2981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2981-speakers-5,2981,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2981-LEI-1,2981,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous. The Grasslands villages are quite monolingual. Those in Jacareacanga have high proficiency in Portuguese. Men, more than women, in Sai Cinza and those on the Roman Catholic mission on the Cururu occasionally use Portuguese. In many villages along the Cururu many men know trading vocabulary, many women know daily greetings",bib67,no 2981-vitality-1,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Vigorous. The Grasslands villages are quite monolingual. Those in Jacareacanga have high proficiency in Portuguese. Men, more than women, in Sai Cinza and those on the Roman Catholic mission on the Cururu occasionally use Portuguese. In many villages along the Cururu many men know trading vocabulary, many women know daily greetings",bib67,no 2981-LEI-2,2981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2981-vitality-2,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2981-LEI-3,2981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2981-vitality-3,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2981-LEI-4,2981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2981-vitality-4,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2981-LEI-3,2981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2981-vitality-3,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2981-LEI-4,2981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2981-vitality-4,2981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2982-location-1,2982,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Northern Peru, near the Colombian border."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.34, -70.96]]}",,,bib75,no 2982-location-2,2982,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.41666666667, -71.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2982-location-3,2982,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Loreto Region,bib67,no 2982-speaker_number-1,2982,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2982-speakers-1,2982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2982-speaker_number-2,2982,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane"" (p. 225.)",bib1902,yes -2982-speakers-2,2982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane"" (p. 225.)",bib1902,yes +2982-speaker_number-2,2982,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane"" (p. 225.)",bib1914,yes +2982-speakers-2,2982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane"" (p. 225.)",bib1914,yes 2982-speaker_number-3,2982,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Unchanged 2016.) Nüpode [hux]: ""Previously mistakenly referred to as Muinane Huitoto [hux]"" (2016.)",bib67,no 2982-speakers-3,2982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Unchanged 2016.) Nüpode [hux]: ""Previously mistakenly referred to as Muinane Huitoto [hux]"" (2016.)",bib67,no 2982-LEI-1,2982,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2982-vitality-1,2982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2982-LEI-2,2982,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2982-vitality-2,2982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +2982-LEI-2,2982,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2982-vitality-2,2982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 2982-LEI-3,2982,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2982-vitality-3,2982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2984-location-1,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El territorio ancestral de este grupo est\u00e1 ubicado en el alto rio Cahuinar\u00ed, pero sus descendientes (aproximadamente unas 250 personas, descendientes de cuatro parejas sobrevivientes del holocausto cauchero) viven principalmente en la regi\u00f3n del Medio Caquet\u00e1, cerca de la localidad de Araracuara (Amazonia colombiana).]\n\n[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinar\u00ed, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquet\u00e1, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon).]""}",,,bib6239,no +2984-location-1,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El territorio ancestral de este grupo est\u00e1 ubicado en el alto rio Cahuinar\u00ed, pero sus descendientes (aproximadamente unas 250 personas, descendientes de cuatro parejas sobrevivientes del holocausto cauchero) viven principalmente en la regi\u00f3n del Medio Caquet\u00e1, cerca de la localidad de Araracuara (Amazonia colombiana).]\n\n[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinar\u00ed, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquet\u00e1, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon).]""}",,,bib6263,no 2984-location-2,2984,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -72.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2984-location-3,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,La 
région
 du
 Caquetá
 Putumayo
 en
 Amazonie
 colombienne.,bib2040,yes +2984-location-3,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,La 
région
 du
 Caquetá
 Putumayo
 en
 Amazonie
 colombienne.,bib2053,yes 2984-location-4,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas Department, Puerto Santander municipality, south of the Caquetá River; Caqueta Department between Caqueta and Yari rivers.",bib67,no -2984-location-5,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane.",bib1902,no +2984-location-5,2984,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane.",bib1914,no 2984-speaker_number-1,2984,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"El territorio ancestral de este grupo está ubicado en el alto rio Cahuinarí, pero sus descendientes (aproximadamente unas 250 personas, descendientes de cuatro parejas sobrevivientes del holocausto cauchero) viven principalmente en la región del Medio Caquetá, cerca de la localidad de Araracuara (Amazonia colombiana). El número de hablantes no debe ser mayor de unas 100 personas. -[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinarí, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquetá, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon). The number of speakers should not exceed about 100 people.]",bib6239,no +[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinarí, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquetá, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon). The number of speakers should not exceed about 100 people.]",bib6263,no 2984-speakers-1,2984,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"El territorio ancestral de este grupo está ubicado en el alto rio Cahuinarí, pero sus descendientes (aproximadamente unas 250 personas, descendientes de cuatro parejas sobrevivientes del holocausto cauchero) viven principalmente en la región del Medio Caquetá, cerca de la localidad de Araracuara (Amazonia colombiana). El número de hablantes no debe ser mayor de unas 100 personas. -[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinarí, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquetá, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon). The number of speakers should not exceed about 100 people.]",bib6239,no +[The traditional territory of this group is located in the upper rio Cahuinarí, but their descendants (approximately 250 people, descendants of four survivors couples rubber-trade holocaust) live mainly on the Middle Caquetá, near the town of Araracuara (Colombian Amazon). The number of speakers should not exceed about 100 people.]",bib6263,no 2984-speaker_number-2,2984,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Âge des locuteurs Nombre approx. Niveau de compétence en langue muinane Muinanes 259 personnes @@ -30796,7 +30982,7 @@ Entre 20 et 35 ans 20 Hommes Bas Entre 15 et 19 ans 18 adolescents Bas Entre 5 et 15 117 enfants Très bas Total Muinanes 259 -(p.26)",bib2040,yes +(p.26)",bib2053,yes 2984-speakers-2,2984,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""78?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""62?"", ""Elders"": ""30""}",,"Âge des locuteurs Nombre approx. Niveau de compétence en langue muinane Muinanes 259 personnes @@ -30809,579 +30995,579 @@ Entre 20 et 35 ans 20 Hommes Bas Entre 15 et 19 ans 18 adolescents Bas Entre 5 et 15 117 enfants Très bas Total Muinanes 259 -(p.26)",bib2040,yes +(p.26)",bib2053,yes 2984-speaker_number-3,2984,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 2984-speakers-3,2984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 2984-speaker_number-4,2984,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2984-speakers-4,2984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2984-speaker_number-5,2984,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane. (p.225)",bib1902,no -2984-speakers-5,2984,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""547"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane. (p.225)",bib1902,no -2984-LEI-1,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6239,no -2984-vitality-1,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6239,no -2984-LEI-2,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2040,yes -2984-vitality-2,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2040,yes +2984-speaker_number-5,2984,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane. (p.225)",bib1914,no +2984-speakers-5,2984,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""547"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Consuelo Vengoechea (p.c. 2010), there are about 200 Muinane living in forest settlements, of whom approximately 50 still speak the language. In recent years the armed conflict in Colombia has caused many Muinane to migrate to urban centers, but it is not clear how many of these migrants still speak Muinane. (p.225)",bib1914,no +2984-LEI-1,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6263,no +2984-vitality-1,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6263,no +2984-LEI-2,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2053,yes +2984-vitality-2,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2053,yes 2984-LEI-3,2984,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2984-vitality-3,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2984-LEI-4,2984,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2984-vitality-4,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2984-LEI-5,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2984-vitality-5,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2985-location-1,2985,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.91, 99.58]]}",,,bib5307,no -2985-location-2,2985,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma"", ""Laos"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""Burma: eastern Shan State; Laos: Namtha Province""}",,"Tai Loi means ‘hill Tai’ in local Tai languages. Scattered in northeastern Kengtung in the eastern Shan State, with one village near Kengtung town and some also further south and in extreme northwestern Namtha Province of Laos, and one village in Thailand. Also spoken in China, where it is included in the Bulang nationality (note that the Mok in China do not speak Bulang).",bib1205,yes +2984-LEI-5,2984,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2984-vitality-5,2984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2985-location-1,2985,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.91, 99.58]]}",,,bib5330,no +2985-location-2,2985,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma"", ""Laos"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""Burma: eastern Shan State; Laos: Namtha Province""}",,"Tai Loi means ‘hill Tai’ in local Tai languages. Scattered in northeastern Kengtung in the eastern Shan State, with one village near Kengtung town and some also further south and in extreme northwestern Namtha Province of Laos, and one village in Thailand. Also spoken in China, where it is included in the Bulang nationality (note that the Mok in China do not speak Bulang).",bib1214,yes 2985-location-3,2985,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -2985-speaker_number-1,2985,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2985-speakers-1,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2985-speaker_number-3,2985,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3361,no -2985-speakers-3,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3361,no +2985-speaker_number-1,2985,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2985-speakers-1,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2985-speaker_number-3,2985,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3379,no +2985-speakers-3,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3379,no 2985-speaker_number-4,2985,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 2985-speakers-4,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 2985-speaker_number-5,2985,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 2985-speakers-5,2985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no -2985-LEI-1,2985,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2985-vitality-1,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2985-LEI-3,2985,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3361,no -2985-vitality-3,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3361,no +2985-LEI-1,2985,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2985-vitality-1,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2985-LEI-3,2985,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3379,no +2985-vitality-3,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3379,no 2985-LEI-4,2985,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2985-vitality-4,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2985-LEI-5,2985,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2985-vitality-5,2985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2988-location-1,2988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5, -61.5]]}",,,bib216,no -2988-location-2,2988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.967, -61.2652]]}",,,bib5307,no -2988-location-3,2988,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Rondonia, near to the headwaters of the Mekens and Verde rivers, Municipality of Cerejeira, Terra Indigena Rio Mequens""}",,,bib1903,no +2988-location-2,2988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.967, -61.2652]]}",,,bib5330,no +2988-location-3,2988,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Rondonia, near to the headwaters of the Mekens and Verde rivers, Municipality of Cerejeira, Terra Indigena Rio Mequens""}",,,bib1915,no 2988-location-4,2988,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia State, Cerejeira and Colorado do Oeste municipalities, Mequens river.""}",,"Rondônia State, Cerejeira and Colorado do Oeste municipalities, Mequens River.",bib68,no -2988-location-5,2988,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -2988-speaker_number-1,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2822,yes -2988-speakers-1,2988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2822,yes -2988-speaker_number-2,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2988-speakers-2,2988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -2988-speaker_number-3,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -2988-speakers-3,2988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +2988-location-5,2988,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +2988-speaker_number-1,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2836,yes +2988-speakers-1,2988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2836,yes +2988-speaker_number-2,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2988-speakers-2,2988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +2988-speaker_number-3,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +2988-speakers-3,2988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 2988-speaker_number-4,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Moore 2006),bib68,no 2988-speakers-4,2988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Moore 2006),bib68,no 2988-speaker_number-5,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2988-speakers-5,2988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -2988-speaker_number-6,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -2988-speakers-6,2988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84 (2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no -2988-LEI-1,2988,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2822,yes -2988-transmission-1,2988,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2822,yes -2988-speaker_number_trends-1,2988,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2822,yes -2988-vitality-1,2988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2822,yes -2988-LEI-2,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2988-vitality-2,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2988-LEI-3,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,lack of intergenerational transmission,bib1903,no -2988-vitality-3,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,lack of intergenerational transmission,bib1903,no +2988-speaker_number-6,2988,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +2988-speakers-6,2988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84 (2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no +2988-LEI-1,2988,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2836,yes +2988-transmission-1,2988,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2836,yes +2988-speaker_number_trends-1,2988,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2836,yes +2988-vitality-1,2988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The language is one of the most endangered languages in Brazil, spoken now by only 22 people, and it is not being transmitted to the newer generations. (p. 375)",bib2836,yes +2988-LEI-2,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2988-vitality-2,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2988-LEI-3,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,lack of intergenerational transmission,bib1915,no +2988-vitality-3,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,lack of intergenerational transmission,bib1915,no 2988-LEI-4,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 2988-vitality-4,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 2988-LEI-5,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2988-vitality-5,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2988-LEI-6,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -2988-vitality-6,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -2990-location-1,2990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.670511, 12.744141]]}",,,bib2503,no -2990-location-2,2990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.670511, 12.744141]]}",,,bib938,no +2988-LEI-6,2988,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +2988-vitality-6,2988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +2990-location-1,2990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.670511, 12.744141]]}",,,bib2516,no +2990-location-2,2990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.670511, 12.744141]]}",,,bib942,no 2990-location-3,2990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.0, 23.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2990-speaker_number-1,2990,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 in Germany. Population total all countries: 5,400.",bib67,yes 2990-speakers-1,2990,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""49,210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 in Germany. Population total all countries: 5,400.",bib67,yes 2990-LEI-1,2990,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2990-vitality-1,2990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2991-context-1,2991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6474,yes -2991-location-1,2991,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.4575, 4.8559]]}",,,bib5307,no -2991-location-2,2991,location,"{""Places"": [""Belgium, France""], ""Description"": ""In Belgium, Walloon is spoken in the greater part of the province of\nLiege, in the southern part of the province of Brabant, in the province of Namur, in the northern part of the province of Luxemburg and in the eastern part of the province\nof Hainaut. In France, it is spoken in the north of the department of\nArdennes (town of Givet) by a small number of people, mostly elderly. In Luxembourg, it was formerly spoken in two or three villages (Doncols, Sonlez), where the last speakers died in the 1970s.""}",,,bib6474,yes +2991-context-1,2991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6498,yes +2991-location-1,2991,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.4575, 4.8559]]}",,,bib5330,no +2991-location-2,2991,location,"{""Places"": [""Belgium, France""], ""Description"": ""In Belgium, Walloon is spoken in the greater part of the province of\nLiege, in the southern part of the province of Brabant, in the province of Namur, in the northern part of the province of Luxemburg and in the eastern part of the province\nof Hainaut. In France, it is spoken in the north of the department of\nArdennes (town of Givet) by a small number of people, mostly elderly. In Luxembourg, it was formerly spoken in two or three villages (Doncols, Sonlez), where the last speakers died in the 1970s.""}",,,bib6498,yes 2991-location-3,2991,location,"{""Places"": [""Belgium"", ""France"", ""Luxembourg""], ""Description"": ""Central Walloon: Namur, Wavre, and Dinant; Eastern Walloon: Li\u00e8ge, Malmedy, Verviers, Huy, and Waremme; Western Walloon: Charleroi, Nivelles, and Philippeville; Southern Walloon: the Ardennes region, Marche, and Neufch\u00e2teau""}",,,bib67,no -2991-speaker_number-1,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -2991-speakers-1,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -2991-speaker_number-2,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The number of active speakers may actually be closer to 300,000.",bib6474,yes -2991-speakers-2,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The number of active speakers may actually be closer to 300,000.",bib6474,yes +2991-speaker_number-1,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +2991-speakers-1,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +2991-speaker_number-2,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The number of active speakers may actually be closer to 300,000.",bib6498,yes +2991-speakers-2,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The number of active speakers may actually be closer to 300,000.",bib6498,yes 2991-speaker_number-3,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 2991-speakers-3,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 2991-speaker_number-4,2991,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Speaker number data: (1998), decreasing. Few monolinguals. 320,000 young people (1998). 1,220,000 to 1,920,000 young people can understand it (1998)",bib67,no 2991-speakers-4,2991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Speaker number data: (1998), decreasing. Few monolinguals. 320,000 young people (1998). 1,220,000 to 1,920,000 young people can understand it (1998)",bib67,no -2991-LEI-1,2991,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2991-vitality-1,2991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2991-LEI-2,2991,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6474,yes -2991-transmission-2,2991,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6474,yes -2991-speaker_number_trends-2,2991,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6474,yes -2991-vitality-2,2991,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6474,yes +2991-LEI-1,2991,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2991-vitality-1,2991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2991-LEI-2,2991,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6498,yes +2991-transmission-2,2991,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6498,yes +2991-speaker_number_trends-2,2991,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6498,yes +2991-vitality-2,2991,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Belgium, a number of children learn the language, but many are likely to shift entirely to French.",bib6498,yes 2991-LEI-3,2991,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2991-vitality-3,2991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2991-LEI-4,2991,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2991-vitality-4,2991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2992-context-1,2992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,no +2992-context-1,2992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish and Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,no 2992-location-1,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Uruguay"", ""Paraguay"", ""Brazil"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Parana, southeastern Slo Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Espirito Santo states; possibly in Minas Gerais State; 35 villages.""}",,"Southwestern Parana, southeastern Slo Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Espirito Santo states; possibly in Minas Gerais State; 35 villages.",bib67,no 2992-location-2,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay""]}",,"In Brazil: Paraná, São Paulo, Espírito Santo, Pará, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina states; possibly also Minas Gerais state. 35 villages. In Argentina: Corrientes and Misiones provinces: south bank, Alto Parana river, Posadas area. In Paraguay: Widespread, east, central, and south.",bib70,no -2992-location-3,2992,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.5099, -55.2832]]}",,,bib5307,no -2992-location-4,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina""]}",,,bib1903,no -2992-location-5,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Aargentina, Brazil, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2992-location-3,2992,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.5099, -55.2832]]}",,,bib5330,no +2992-location-4,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina""]}",,,bib1915,no +2992-location-5,2992,location,"{""Places"": [""Aargentina, Brazil, Paraguay""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2992-speaker_number-1,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 6,000 speakers in Brazil (2003 ISA).",bib67,no 2992-speakers-1,2992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 6,000 speakers in Brazil (2003 ISA).",bib67,no 2992-speaker_number-2,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,000 in Brazil; 4,000 in Argentina; 5,000 in Paraguay",bib70,no 2992-speakers-2,2992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 in Brazil; 4,000 in Argentina; 5,000 in Paraguay",bib70,no -2992-speaker_number-3,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -2992-speakers-3,2992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -2992-speaker_number-4,2992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"BRAZIL: ethnic population of approx 6,000, nearly all fluent speakers. ARGENTINA: ethnic population of 2,500-3,500, most still speak the language. PARAGUAY: ethnic population of 4,745, out of which 2,445 speak the language.",bib1903,no -2992-speakers-4,2992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,245 - 14,245 in all countries"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx 9,500-10,500 speakers in all countries"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"BRAZIL: ethnic population of approx 6,000, nearly all fluent speakers. ARGENTINA: ethnic population of 2,500-3,500, most still speak the language. PARAGUAY: ethnic population of 4,745, out of which 2,445 speak the language.",bib1903,no +2992-speaker_number-3,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +2992-speakers-3,2992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +2992-speaker_number-4,2992,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"BRAZIL: ethnic population of approx 6,000, nearly all fluent speakers. ARGENTINA: ethnic population of 2,500-3,500, most still speak the language. PARAGUAY: ethnic population of 4,745, out of which 2,445 speak the language.",bib1915,no +2992-speakers-4,2992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,245 - 14,245 in all countries"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx 9,500-10,500 speakers in all countries"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"BRAZIL: ethnic population of approx 6,000, nearly all fluent speakers. ARGENTINA: ethnic population of 2,500-3,500, most still speak the language. PARAGUAY: ethnic population of 4,745, out of which 2,445 speak the language.",bib1915,no 2992-speaker_number-5,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 2992-speakers-5,2992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -2992-speaker_number-6,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Argentina: 3,908 speakers, 8,223 population. Brazil: 6,000 speakers and population. Paraguay 10,016 speakers, 14,624 population.",bib1902,yes -2992-speakers-6,2992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,847"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Argentina: 3,908 speakers, 8,223 population. Brazil: 6,000 speakers and population. Paraguay 10,016 speakers, 14,624 population.",bib1902,yes +2992-speaker_number-6,2992,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Argentina: 3,908 speakers, 8,223 population. Brazil: 6,000 speakers and population. Paraguay 10,016 speakers, 14,624 population.",bib1914,yes +2992-speakers-6,2992,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,847"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Argentina: 3,908 speakers, 8,223 population. Brazil: 6,000 speakers and population. Paraguay 10,016 speakers, 14,624 population.",bib1914,yes 2992-LEI-1,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2992-vitality-1,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2992-LEI-2,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 2992-vitality-2,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -2992-LEI-3,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2992-vitality-3,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2992-LEI-4,2992,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1903,no -2992-transmission-4,2992,transmission,1,transmission-1,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1903,no -2992-speaker_number_trends-4,2992,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1903,no -2992-vitality-4,2992,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1903,no +2992-LEI-3,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2992-vitality-3,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2992-LEI-4,2992,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1915,no +2992-transmission-4,2992,transmission,1,transmission-1,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1915,no +2992-speaker_number_trends-4,2992,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1915,no +2992-vitality-4,2992,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"BRAZIL: ""Most children, women and elders in Brazil are still monolingual speakers of Mbyá,"" ARGENTINA: ""Language use is vigorous among the groups that have arrived recently, but among those that have been arriving since the end of the nineteenth century the use of Spanish is becoming more and more predominant."" PARAGUAY: ""the Mbyá still use their language in day-to-day speech.""",bib1915,no 2992-LEI-5,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2992-vitality-5,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2992-LEI-6,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2992-vitality-6,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2993-context-1,2993,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""daily communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6474,no -2993-context-2,2993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ingrian, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lower prestige"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Language classes organized by activists, newspaper Maav\u00e4\u010di"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"...Votic identity has to some extent been restored in the last ten years, partially due to the national Votic festivals that have been held regularly in Luutsa village.",bib6396,yes -2993-context-3,2993,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Ingrian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive or neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Only in the last couple of decades Votic identity has risen noticeably, mostly due to permanent interest and attention from linguists and the work of local activists.",bib5401,no +2992-LEI-6,2992,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2992-vitality-6,2992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2993-context-1,2993,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""daily communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6498,no +2993-context-2,2993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ingrian, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lower prestige"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Language classes organized by activists, newspaper Maav\u00e4\u010di"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"...Votic identity has to some extent been restored in the last ten years, partially due to the national Votic festivals that have been held regularly in Luutsa village.",bib6420,yes +2993-context-3,2993,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Ingrian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive or neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Only in the last couple of decades Votic identity has risen noticeably, mostly due to permanent interest and attention from linguists and the work of local activists.",bib5424,no 2993-context-4,2993,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -2993-location-1,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a few inland villages south of the Gulf of Finland in Kingisepp County in the west of St Petersburg (Leningrad) Province in the Russian Federation. Concentrated in the villages of Krakol\u2019e and Peski-Luzhitsy.""}",,,bib6474,no -2993-location-2,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Leningrad oblast, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Luga area""}",,,bib6396,yes +2993-location-1,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a few inland villages south of the Gulf of Finland in Kingisepp County in the west of St Petersburg (Leningrad) Province in the Russian Federation. Concentrated in the villages of Krakol\u2019e and Peski-Luzhitsy.""}",,,bib6498,no +2993-location-2,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Leningrad oblast, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Luga area""}",,,bib6420,yes 2993-location-3,2993,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.5, 30.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2993-location-4,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""St. Petersburg, Kingisepp""}",,,bib67,no -2993-location-5,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Ingria, Leningrad oblast, Russia""]}",,,bib5401,no -2993-location-6,2993,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.5858, 28.4518]]}",,,bib5307,no +2993-location-5,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Ingria, Leningrad oblast, Russia""]}",,,bib5424,no +2993-location-6,2993,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.5858, 28.4518]]}",,,bib5330,no 2993-location-7,2993,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Near St. Petersburg""}",,,bib213,no -2993-speaker_number-1,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,no -2993-speakers-1,2993,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<25""}",,,bib6474,no -2993-speaker_number-2,2993,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6396,yes -2993-speakers-2,2993,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (speaker numbers); 1991 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6396,yes +2993-speaker_number-1,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,no +2993-speakers-1,2993,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<25""}",,,bib6498,no +2993-speaker_number-2,2993,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6420,yes +2993-speakers-2,2993,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (speaker numbers); 1991 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6420,yes 2993-speaker_number-3,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 2993-speakers-3,2993,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""73"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -2993-speaker_number-4,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"11 speakers proven, 2 unproken, 3 semispeakers",bib5401,no -2993-speakers-4,2993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11-13"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"11 speakers proven, 2 unproken, 3 semispeakers",bib5401,no -2993-speaker_number-5,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -2993-speakers-5,2993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +2993-speaker_number-4,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"11 speakers proven, 2 unproken, 3 semispeakers",bib5424,no +2993-speakers-4,2993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11-13"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"11 speakers proven, 2 unproken, 3 semispeakers",bib5424,no +2993-speaker_number-5,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +2993-speakers-5,2993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 2993-speaker_number-6,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2993-speakers-6,2993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2993-speaker_number-7,2993,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1989 50%% of the ethnic population of 62, were considered to be native speakers which is 31.",bib213,no 2993-speakers-7,2993,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1989 50%% of the ethnic population of 62, were considered to be native speakers which is 31.",bib213,no 2993-LEI-1,2993,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All speakers are elderly, and prefer Russian in daily communication. All -modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6474,no +modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6498,no 2993-transmission-1,2993,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All speakers are elderly, and prefer Russian in daily communication. All -modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6474,no +modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6498,no 2993-domains_of_use-1,2993,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"All speakers are elderly, and prefer Russian in daily communication. All -modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6474,no +modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6498,no 2993-speaker_number_trends-1,2993,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All speakers are elderly, and prefer Russian in daily communication. All -modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6474,no +modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6498,no 2993-vitality-1,2993,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All speakers are elderly, and prefer Russian in daily communication. All -modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6474,no -2993-LEI-2,2993,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6396,yes -2993-transmission-2,2993,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6396,yes -2993-speaker_number_trends-2,2993,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6396,yes -2993-vitality-2,2993,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6396,yes +modern idiolects are heavily influenced by Ingrian, Finnish and Russian.",bib6498,no +2993-LEI-2,2993,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6420,yes +2993-transmission-2,2993,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6420,yes +2993-speaker_number_trends-2,2993,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6420,yes +2993-vitality-2,2993,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th-century onwards... In less than a hundred years, the number of Votes decreased almost tenfold while the number of Ingrians did not change significantly.",bib6420,yes 2993-LEI-3,2993,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2993-vitality-3,2993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2993-LEI-4,2993,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5401,no -2993-transmission-4,2993,transmission,5,transmission-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5401,no -2993-domains_of_use-4,2993,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5401,no -2993-speaker_number_trends-4,2993,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5401,no -2993-vitality-4,2993,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5401,no -2993-LEI-5,2993,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2993-vitality-5,2993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +2993-LEI-4,2993,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5424,no +2993-transmission-4,2993,transmission,5,transmission-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5424,no +2993-domains_of_use-4,2993,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5424,no +2993-speaker_number_trends-4,2993,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5424,no +2993-vitality-4,2993,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"At present, Votic is almost never used as a means of communication... On their occasional meetings they speak Russian. Also, none of the Votic speakers today can speak the language inside their families: their parents have died, their spouses are not Votes, and younger generations do not speak Votic.",bib5424,no +2993-LEI-5,2993,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2993-vitality-5,2993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 2993-LEI-6,2993,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2993-vitality-6,2993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2993-LEI-7,2993,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 2993-speaker_number_trends-7,2993,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib213,no 2993-vitality-7,2993,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -2994-context-1,2994,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Rarotongan"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,Those who leave the atoll typically speak English. Rarotongan is common even on the atoll.,bib6788,yes -2994-context-2,2994,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rarotongan""}",,,bib7938,no -2994-location-1,2994,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0153, -158.0218]]}",,,bib5307,no -2994-location-2,2994,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Penrhyn island, the northern most island in the Cook Islands. It is an atoll with two inhabited villages, Omoka and Tetautua."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.991, -157.974]]}",,,bib6788,yes -2994-location-3,2994,location,"{""Places"": [""Penrhyn Island, Northern Cook Islands, Cook Islands""]}",,,bib7938,no +2994-context-1,2994,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Rarotongan"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,Those who leave the atoll typically speak English. Rarotongan is common even on the atoll.,bib6812,yes +2994-context-2,2994,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rarotongan""}",,,bib7963,no +2994-location-1,2994,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0153, -158.0218]]}",,,bib5330,no +2994-location-2,2994,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Penrhyn island, the northern most island in the Cook Islands. It is an atoll with two inhabited villages, Omoka and Tetautua."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.991, -157.974]]}",,,bib6812,yes +2994-location-3,2994,location,"{""Places"": [""Penrhyn Island, Northern Cook Islands, Cook Islands""]}",,,bib7963,no 2994-location-4,2994,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -2994-speaker_number-1,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -2994-speakers-1,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -2994-speaker_number-2,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6788,yes -2994-speakers-2,2994,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6788,yes -2994-speaker_number-3,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib7938,no -2994-speakers-3,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib7938,no +2994-speaker_number-1,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +2994-speakers-1,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +2994-speaker_number-2,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6812,yes +2994-speakers-2,2994,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6812,yes +2994-speaker_number-3,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib7963,no +2994-speakers-3,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib7963,no 2994-speaker_number-4,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2994-speakers-4,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 2994-speaker_number-5,2994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Updated Ethnologue information. 200 speakers as of 2011 census.,bib67,no 2994-speakers-5,2994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Updated Ethnologue information. 200 speakers as of 2011 census.,bib67,no -2994-LEI-1,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2994-vitality-1,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2994-LEI-2,2994,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6788,yes -2994-speaker_number_trends-2,2994,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6788,yes -2994-vitality-2,2994,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6788,yes -2994-LEI-3,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is being supplanted by Rarotongan.,bib7938,no -2994-vitality-3,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is being supplanted by Rarotongan.,bib7938,no +2994-LEI-1,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2994-vitality-1,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2994-LEI-2,2994,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6812,yes +2994-speaker_number_trends-2,2994,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6812,yes +2994-vitality-2,2994,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is being lost by those who leave the atoll to look for economic opportunities elsewhere, typically Australia and New Zealand. On the Atoll, the language is under considerable influence from Rarotongan.",bib6812,yes +2994-LEI-3,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is being supplanted by Rarotongan.,bib7963,no +2994-vitality-3,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is being supplanted by Rarotongan.,bib7963,no 2994-LEI-4,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2994-vitality-4,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2994-LEI-5,2994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2994-vitality-5,2994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 2996-location-1,2996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.0, -89.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 2996-location-2,2996,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,,bib67,yes -2996-location-3,2996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.9838, -89.899]]}",,,bib5307,no -2996-location-4,2996,location,"{""Description"": ""1 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +2996-location-3,2996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.9838, -89.899]]}",,,bib5330,no +2996-location-4,2996,location,"{""Description"": ""1 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 2996-location-5,2996,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Northern Guatemala, at the base of the Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.03, -89.87]]}",,,bib75,no 2996-speaker_number-1,2996,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"12 (1986 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,800 (2001) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,yes 2996-speakers-1,2996,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986 speakers, 2001 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"12 (1986 SIL). Ethnic population: 1,800 (2001) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,yes -2996-speaker_number-2,2996,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2996-speakers-2,2996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,094"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +2996-speaker_number-2,2996,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2996-speakers-2,2996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,094"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 2996-speakers-3,2996,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,983"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"1,014 women; 969 men. 2002 census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -2996-speaker_number-4,2996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5849,no -2996-speakers-4,2996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""123"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5849,no +2996-speaker_number-4,2996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5873,no +2996-speakers-4,2996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""123"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5873,no 2996-speaker_number-5,2996,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 2996-speakers-5,2996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 2996-LEI-1,2996,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 2996-vitality-1,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -2996-LEI-2,2996,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2996-vitality-2,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2996-LEI-3,2996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -2996-vitality-3,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +2996-LEI-2,2996,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2996-vitality-2,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2996-LEI-3,2996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +2996-vitality-3,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 2996-LEI-4,2996,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2996-vitality-4,2996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 2997-location-1,2997,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.0, -40.0]]}",,,bib216,no 2997-location-2,2997,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Minas Gerais and Bahia states, 160 km inland from coast, in 14 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -2997-location-3,2997,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5519, -40.3417]]}",,,bib5307,no -2997-location-4,2997,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Minas Gerais State, 100 miles inland from the coast, Mucuri Valley, on the headwaters of the Umburanas River, Bertopolis Municipality, Terra Indigena Maxakali/Unificacao, in two Indigenous Areas, Agua Boa and Pradinho, which have been grouped\ntogether to form the Maxakali Indigenous Land""}",,,bib1903,no -2997-location-5,2997,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +2997-location-3,2997,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5519, -40.3417]]}",,,bib5330,no +2997-location-4,2997,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Minas Gerais State, 100 miles inland from the coast, Mucuri Valley, on the headwaters of the Umburanas River, Bertopolis Municipality, Terra Indigena Maxakali/Unificacao, in two Indigenous Areas, Agua Boa and Pradinho, which have been grouped\ntogether to form the Maxakali Indigenous Land""}",,,bib1915,no +2997-location-5,2997,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 2997-speaker_number-1,2997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 2997-speakers-1,2997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800\n\n1,270 (2006 FUNASA) (2014)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -2997-speaker_number-2,2997,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -2997-speakers-2,2997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -2997-speaker_number-3,2997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -2997-speakers-3,2997,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""802"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~802"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +2997-speaker_number-2,2997,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +2997-speakers-2,2997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +2997-speaker_number-3,2997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +2997-speakers-3,2997,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""802"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~802"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 2997-speaker_number-4,2997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 2997-speakers-4,2997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""728"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -2997-speaker_number-5,2997,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -2997-speakers-5,2997,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,271"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +2997-speaker_number-5,2997,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +2997-speakers-5,2997,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,271"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 2997-LEI-1,2997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 2997-vitality-1,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -2997-LEI-2,2997,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -2997-vitality-2,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -2997-LEI-3,2997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -2997-vitality-3,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +2997-LEI-2,2997,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +2997-vitality-2,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +2997-LEI-3,2997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +2997-vitality-3,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 2997-LEI-4,2997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 2997-vitality-4,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -2997-LEI-5,2997,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -2997-vitality-5,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -2998-context-1,2998,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Estonian"", ""Government Support"": ""V\u00f5ru is not recognised as a language in Estonia but it is addressed as \u2018regional variety\u2019 by the Language Act (2011) which regulates official and public language use."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A survey from 1998 indicates that V\u00f5ru is a less prestigious language which may have covert prestige among some users."", ""Institutional Support"": ""V\u00f5ru is not addressed by educational legislation""}",,,bib4296,yes -2998-location-1,2998,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.8096, 27.29]]}",,,bib5307,no -2998-location-2,2998,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern corner of Estonia and in Pechory ounty in the rest of Pskov Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,no -2998-location-3,2998,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Estonia""}",,,bib4296,yes -2998-speaker_number-1,2998,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,no -2998-speakers-1,2998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,no -2998-speaker_number-2,2998,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of active and passive (potential) Võru speakers is estimated at 50,000. However, it is counted on the basis of self-reports and can easily be over-estimated.",bib4296,yes -2998-speakers-2,2998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of active and passive (potential) Võru speakers is estimated at 50,000. However, it is counted on the basis of self-reports and can easily be over-estimated.",bib4296,yes -2998-LEI-1,2998,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6474,no -2998-transmission-1,2998,transmission,0,transmission-0,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6474,no -2998-speaker_number_trends-1,2998,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6474,no -2998-vitality-1,2998,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6474,no -2998-LEI-2,2998,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4296,yes -2998-transmission-2,2998,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4296,yes -2998-domains_of_use-2,2998,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4296,yes -2998-vitality-2,2998,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4296,yes -3001-context-1,3001,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sa'a"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,Speakers shifting to Sa'a,bib7938,no -3001-location-1,3001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7686, 161.51]]}",,,bib5307,no -3001-location-2,3001,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Southern end of South Malaita Island""}",,,bib7938,no +2997-LEI-5,2997,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +2997-vitality-5,2997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +2998-context-1,2998,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Estonian"", ""Government Support"": ""V\u00f5ru is not recognised as a language in Estonia but it is addressed as \u2018regional variety\u2019 by the Language Act (2011) which regulates official and public language use."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""A survey from 1998 indicates that V\u00f5ru is a less prestigious language which may have covert prestige among some users."", ""Institutional Support"": ""V\u00f5ru is not addressed by educational legislation""}",,,bib4317,yes +2998-location-1,2998,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.8096, 27.29]]}",,,bib5330,no +2998-location-2,2998,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southeastern corner of Estonia and in Pechory ounty in the rest of Pskov Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,no +2998-location-3,2998,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Estonia""}",,,bib4317,yes +2998-speaker_number-1,2998,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,no +2998-speakers-1,2998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,no +2998-speaker_number-2,2998,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of active and passive (potential) Võru speakers is estimated at 50,000. However, it is counted on the basis of self-reports and can easily be over-estimated.",bib4317,yes +2998-speakers-2,2998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 50,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of active and passive (potential) Võru speakers is estimated at 50,000. However, it is counted on the basis of self-reports and can easily be over-estimated.",bib4317,yes +2998-LEI-1,2998,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6498,no +2998-transmission-1,2998,transmission,0,transmission-0,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6498,no +2998-speaker_number_trends-1,2998,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6498,no +2998-vitality-1,2998,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Younger people are beginning to shift to the majority language.,bib6498,no +2998-LEI-2,2998,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4317,yes +2998-transmission-2,2998,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4317,yes +2998-domains_of_use-2,2998,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4317,yes +2998-vitality-2,2998,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4317,yes +3001-context-1,3001,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sa'a"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,Speakers shifting to Sa'a,bib7963,no +3001-location-1,3001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7686, 161.51]]}",,,bib5330,no +3001-location-2,3001,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Southern end of South Malaita Island""}",,,bib7963,no 3001-location-3,3001,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,yes -3001-speaker_number-1,3001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3001-speakers-1,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3001-speaker_number-2,3001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. This figure may still be reasonably accurate.",bib7938,no -3001-speakers-2,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. This figure may still be reasonably accurate.",bib7938,no +3001-speaker_number-1,3001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3001-speakers-1,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3001-speaker_number-2,3001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. This figure may still be reasonably accurate.",bib7963,no +3001-speakers-2,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. This figure may still be reasonably accurate.",bib7963,no 3001-speaker_number-3,3001,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3001-speakers-3,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3001-speaker_number-4,3001,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,38 (1999 SIL),bib67,yes 3001-speakers-4,3001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,38 (1999 SIL),bib67,yes -3001-LEI-1,3001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3001-vitality-1,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3001-LEI-2,3001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3001-vitality-2,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3001-LEI-1,3001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3001-vitality-1,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3001-LEI-2,3001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3001-vitality-2,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3001-LEI-3,3001,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3001-vitality-3,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3001-LEI-4,3001,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3001-vitality-4,3001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3002-context-2,3002,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, media, law, church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Karelian"", ""Government Support"": ""Official in Karelia, official minority status as an \u201cIndigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the Russian Federation\u201d since 2001, officially an \u201cIndigenous Small-Numbered People of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation\u201d since 2006"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Institutional Support"": ""TV and radio broadcasts in Karelia, Veps Culture Society, summer camps, taught in 6 schools, language nest in 2013 in \u0160outj\u00e4rv""}",,"The language is mostly taught as a voluntary subject, and not used as a language of instruction.",bib3114,yes +3002-context-2,3002,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, media, law, church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Karelian"", ""Government Support"": ""Official in Karelia, official minority status as an \u201cIndigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the Russian Federation\u201d since 2001, officially an \u201cIndigenous Small-Numbered People of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation\u201d since 2006"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Institutional Support"": ""TV and radio broadcasts in Karelia, Veps Culture Society, summer camps, taught in 6 schools, language nest in 2013 in \u0160outj\u00e4rv""}",,"The language is mostly taught as a voluntary subject, and not used as a language of instruction.",bib3129,yes 3002-context-3,3002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian [rus]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib69,no -3002-context-4,3002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Law on State Support of the Karelian, Veps and Finnish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Pessimistic attitudes of individual Veps towards bilingualism result from the history of Russian and Soviet society. Bilingualism has not been valued in schools or at work. Even today officials may claim that, for example, mastering the minority language may affect mastery of Russian.""}",,"The Law on State Support of the Karelian, Veps and Finnish languages in the Republic of Karelia (2004) declares the right to a free choice of the language of instruction, the right to learn the Karelian, Veps and Finnish languages and receive education in these languages (article 5).",bib6060,no -3002-location-1,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Russia: Northern Veps is spoken in the eastern part of Onega (Prionezhskiy) County in the southeast of the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation; Central Veps is spoken in a larger area across the boundary of St Petersburg (Leningrad) and Vologda provinces, mainly in the southern part of Podporozh\u2019ye County, the eastern corner of Tikhvin County and the northeastern part of Boksitogorsk counties in St Petersburg Province, and the western parts of Babayevo and Vytegra counties in Vologda Province; Southern Veps is spoken in the southeastern part of Boksitogorsk County.""}",,,bib6474,no +3002-context-4,3002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Law on State Support of the Karelian, Veps and Finnish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Pessimistic attitudes of individual Veps towards bilingualism result from the history of Russian and Soviet society. Bilingualism has not been valued in schools or at work. Even today officials may claim that, for example, mastering the minority language may affect mastery of Russian.""}",,"The Law on State Support of the Karelian, Veps and Finnish languages in the Republic of Karelia (2004) declares the right to a free choice of the language of instruction, the right to learn the Karelian, Veps and Finnish languages and receive education in these languages (article 5).",bib6084,no +3002-location-1,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Russia: Northern Veps is spoken in the eastern part of Onega (Prionezhskiy) County in the southeast of the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation; Central Veps is spoken in a larger area across the boundary of St Petersburg (Leningrad) and Vologda provinces, mainly in the southern part of Podporozh\u2019ye County, the eastern corner of Tikhvin County and the northeastern part of Boksitogorsk counties in St Petersburg Province, and the western parts of Babayevo and Vytegra counties in Vologda Province; Southern Veps is spoken in the southeastern part of Boksitogorsk County.""}",,,bib6498,no 3002-location-2,3002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0, 35.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3002-location-3,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Russia: Republic of Karelia, Leningrad oblast, Vologda oblast""}",,The Veps villages have traditionally formed a network of villages beginning from the southwestern shores of lake Onega and spreading southward over the river Svir’ between the lakes Ladoga and Belozero.,bib3114,yes -3002-location-4,3002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.3269, 34.8046]]}",,,bib5307,no +3002-location-3,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Russia: Republic of Karelia, Leningrad oblast, Vologda oblast""}",,The Veps villages have traditionally formed a network of villages beginning from the southwestern shores of lake Onega and spreading southward over the river Svir’ between the lakes Ladoga and Belozero.,bib3129,yes +3002-location-4,3002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.3269, 34.8046]]}",,,bib5330,no 3002-location-5,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Leningradskaya Oblast\u2019 and Vologodskaya Oblast\u2019; intermixed with Russian speakers, boundary area, Kareliya.""}",,,bib69,no -3002-location-6,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Even today the main Veps area is situated between the Ladoga, Onega and Belozero lakes. Most Veps live in the administrative areas of the Republic of Karelia, the Leningrad and Vologda oblasts.""}",,,bib6060,no +3002-location-6,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Even today the main Veps area is situated between the Ladoga, Onega and Belozero lakes. Most Veps live in the administrative areas of the Republic of Karelia, the Leningrad and Vologda oblasts.""}",,,bib6084,no 3002-location-7,3002,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""The present-day habitat of the Veps is between the lakes of Ladoga, \u00c4\u00e4nisj\u00e4rv (\u041e\u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430) and Valgj\u00e4rv (\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e), where they live in three separate groups. The first, the \u00c4\u00e4nis- or Northern group is situated in Karelia, near \u00c4\u00e4nisj\u00e4rv, to the south of Petroskoi. The \u00c4\u00e4nis-Veps call themselves l\u00fcdinik or l\u00fcdilainen. The Central Veps, the most numerous group. live in the St. Petersburg region of the Russian Federation, on the River Oyat. The Southern Veps live in the eastern part of the St. Petersburg region, on the northwestern edge of the Vologda province, on the River Leedj\u00f5gi. The Southern and Central Veps have infrequent contact, and the Northern Veps are separated from them by the River S\u00fcv\u00e4ri (\u0421\u0432\u0438\u0440) and the interpolation of Russian settlements.""}",,,bib213,no -3002-speaker_number-1,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,no -3002-speakers-1,3002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,no -3002-speaker_number-2,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Census data are not reliable. ""There is no research available on the numbers of people understanding Veps despite not speaking the language.",bib3114,yes -3002-speakers-2,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,936"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,613"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Census data are not reliable. ""There is no research available on the numbers of people understanding Veps despite not speaking the language.",bib3114,yes -3002-speaker_number-3,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3002-speakers-3,3002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,753"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3002-speaker_number-1,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,no +3002-speakers-1,3002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,no +3002-speaker_number-2,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Census data are not reliable. ""There is no research available on the numbers of people understanding Veps despite not speaking the language.",bib3129,yes +3002-speakers-2,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,936"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,613"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Census data are not reliable. ""There is no research available on the numbers of people understanding Veps despite not speaking the language.",bib3129,yes +3002-speaker_number-3,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3002-speakers-3,3002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,753"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3002-speaker_number-4,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3002-speakers-4,3002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,355"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3002-speaker_number-5,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,no 3002-speakers-5,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,940"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,no -3002-speaker_number-6,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Russian census of 2002, there were 8,240 people living in the Russian Federation identifying themselves as Veps. ... The number of Veps speakers is even lower: a generally accepted estimation of the number in 2002 is less than 4,000 (see Grünthal, 2011).",bib6060,no -3002-speakers-6,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,240"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Russian census of 2002, there were 8,240 people living in the Russian Federation identifying themselves as Veps. ... The number of Veps speakers is even lower: a generally accepted estimation of the number in 2002 is less than 4,000 (see Grünthal, 2011).",bib6060,no +3002-speaker_number-6,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Russian census of 2002, there were 8,240 people living in the Russian Federation identifying themselves as Veps. ... The number of Veps speakers is even lower: a generally accepted estimation of the number in 2002 is less than 4,000 (see Grünthal, 2011).",bib6084,no +3002-speakers-6,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,240"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Russian census of 2002, there were 8,240 people living in the Russian Federation identifying themselves as Veps. ... The number of Veps speakers is even lower: a generally accepted estimation of the number in 2002 is less than 4,000 (see Grünthal, 2011).",bib6084,no 3002-speaker_number-7,3002,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1979 38.4% of the ethnic population of 8,094, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 3,100.",bib213,no 3002-speakers-7,3002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,094"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1979 38.4% of the ethnic population of 8,094, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 3,100.",bib213,no -3002-LEI-1,3002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,no -3002-transmission-1,3002,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,no -3002-domains_of_use-1,3002,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,no -3002-speaker_number_trends-1,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,no -3002-vitality-1,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,no -3002-LEI-2,3002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3114,yes -3002-transmission-2,3002,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3114,yes -3002-domains_of_use-2,3002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3114,yes -3002-speaker_number_trends-2,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3114,yes -3002-vitality-2,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3114,yes -3002-LEI-3,3002,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3002-vitality-3,3002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3002-LEI-1,3002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,no +3002-transmission-1,3002,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,no +3002-domains_of_use-1,3002,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,no +3002-speaker_number_trends-1,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,no +3002-vitality-1,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In a couple of villages, some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,no +3002-LEI-2,3002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3129,yes +3002-transmission-2,3002,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3129,yes +3002-domains_of_use-2,3002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3129,yes +3002-speaker_number_trends-2,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3129,yes +3002-vitality-2,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language has lost its foothold in the families and is no longer used cross-generationally or intra-generationally… The domains in which Veps is used are very few and are usually restricted to the private spheres of life. Furthermore, children are no longer encouraged by their parents to use Veps. Parents might not consider learning Veps important, especially since knowledge of the minority language does not entail benefits or advantages in, for example, the labour market.",bib3129,yes +3002-LEI-3,3002,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3002-vitality-3,3002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3002-LEI-4,3002,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3002-vitality-4,3002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3002-LEI-5,3002,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3002-transmission-5,3002,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib69,no 3002-vitality-5,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib69,no -3002-LEI-6,3002,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6060,no -3002-transmission-6,3002,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6060,no -3002-domains_of_use-6,3002,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6060,no -3002-speaker_number_trends-6,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6060,no -3002-vitality-6,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6060,no +3002-LEI-6,3002,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6084,no +3002-transmission-6,3002,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6084,no +3002-domains_of_use-6,3002,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6084,no +3002-speaker_number_trends-6,3002,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6084,no +3002-vitality-6,3002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6084,no 3002-LEI-7,3002,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3002-vitality-7,3002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3003-context-1,3003,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amba, Asumboa, Pijin""}",,"Speakers shifting to Amba, Asumboa, Pijin",bib7938,yes +3003-context-1,3003,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amba, Asumboa, Pijin""}",,"Speakers shifting to Amba, Asumboa, Pijin",bib7963,yes 3003-context-2,3003,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Asumboa""}",,,bib67,no -3003-location-1,3003,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2935, 166.5211]]}",,,bib5307,no -3003-location-2,3003,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Cruz Archipelago, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Utupua Island""}",,,bib7938,yes +3003-location-1,3003,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2935, 166.5211]]}",,,bib5330,no +3003-location-2,3003,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Cruz Archipelago, Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Utupua Island""}",,,bib7963,yes 3003-location-3,3003,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Temotu Province, Utupua Island, Tanibili village""}",,,bib67,no -3003-speaker_number-1,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3003-speakers-1,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3003-speaker_number-2,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1990, 150 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention only fifty, of whom ten are children of around ten years of age.",bib7938,yes -3003-speakers-2,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1990, 150 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention only fifty, of whom ten are children of around ten years of age.",bib7938,yes +3003-speaker_number-1,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3003-speakers-1,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3003-speaker_number-2,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1990, 150 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention only fifty, of whom ten are children of around ten years of age.",bib7963,yes +3003-speakers-2,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1990, 150 speakers were reported. Recent reports mention only fifty, of whom ten are children of around ten years of age.",bib7963,yes 3003-speaker_number-3,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3003-speakers-3,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3003-speaker_number-4,3003,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (1999 SIL),bib67,no 3003-speakers-4,3003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (1999 SIL),bib67,no -3003-LEI-1,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3003-vitality-1,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3003-LEI-2,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -3003-vitality-2,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +3003-LEI-1,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3003-vitality-1,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3003-LEI-2,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +3003-vitality-2,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 3003-LEI-3,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3003-vitality-3,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3003-LEI-4,3003,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3003-vitality-4,3003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3004-location-1,3004,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe, Caucasia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the south of the Crimea, now in a few villages in Donets\u2019k (Donetsk) Province in the southeast of the Ukraine and in some places, notably Trialeti, in Georgia and perhaps elsewhere in Caucasia.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3004-location-1,3004,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe, Caucasia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the south of the Crimea, now in a few villages in Donets\u2019k (Donetsk) Province in the southeast of the Ukraine and in some places, notably Trialeti, in Georgia and perhaps elsewhere in Caucasia.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3004-location-2,3004,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.1166666667, 37.55]]}",,,bib216,no 3004-location-3,3004,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""Georgia"", ""Greece"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Caucasus. Southeast Ukraine, Donetsk Oblast""}",,,bib67,no 3004-speaker_number-1,3004,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3004-speakers-1,3004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""192,729"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3004-speaker_number-2,3004,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers is not known exactly, but may range in some tens of thousands.",bib6474,yes -3004-speakers-2,3004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers is not known exactly, but may range in some tens of thousands.",bib6474,yes +3004-speaker_number-2,3004,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers is not known exactly, but may range in some tens of thousands.",bib6498,yes +3004-speakers-2,3004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers is not known exactly, but may range in some tens of thousands.",bib6498,yes 3004-speaker_number-3,3004,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"97,700 in Georgia (2000). 95,000 in Ukraine (2000).",bib67,no 3004-speakers-3,3004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""192,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"97,700 in Georgia (2000). 95,000 in Ukraine (2000).",bib67,no 3004-LEI-1,3004,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3004-vitality-1,3004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3004-LEI-2,3004,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6474,yes -3004-transmission-2,3004,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6474,yes -3004-speaker_number_trends-2,3004,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6474,yes -3004-vitality-2,3004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6474,yes +3004-LEI-2,3004,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6498,yes +3004-transmission-2,3004,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6498,yes +3004-speaker_number_trends-2,3004,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6498,yes +3004-vitality-2,3004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A language shift to dominant languages has proceeded rapidly, leaving few child speakers.",bib6498,yes 3004-LEI-3,3004,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3004-vitality-3,3004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3006-location-1,3006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -69.7412]]}",,,bib5307,no +3006-location-1,3006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -69.7412]]}",,,bib5330,no 3006-location-2,3006,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,"Peru. -Brazil: Javari Valley; near Santa Rosa, a municipality in Acre.",bib7322,no -3006-location-3,3006,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +Brazil: Javari Valley; near Santa Rosa, a municipality in Acre.",bib7346,no +3006-location-3,3006,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3006-location-4,3006,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Madre de Dios Region, Pur\u00fas province; Upper Pur\u00fas Region.""}",,"Madre de Dios Region, Purús province; Upper Purús Region.",bib67,no 3006-speaker_number-1,3006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3006-speakers-1,3006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3006-speaker_number-2,3006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Isolated group. Reflects those in Brazil only? ""The group, known as the Mashco-Piro in Peru, was spotted first by satellite and then confirmed with an overflight. The Mascho-Piro are actually two groups of between 60 and 70 individuals each."" (p.13.)",bib7322,no -3006-speakers-2,3006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Isolated group. Reflects those in Brazil only? ""The group, known as the Mashco-Piro in Peru, was spotted first by satellite and then confirmed with an overflight. The Mascho-Piro are actually two groups of between 60 and 70 individuals each."" (p.13.)",bib7322,no -3006-speaker_number-3,3006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3006-speakers-3,3006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3006-speaker_number-2,3006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Isolated group. Reflects those in Brazil only? ""The group, known as the Mashco-Piro in Peru, was spotted first by satellite and then confirmed with an overflight. The Mascho-Piro are actually two groups of between 60 and 70 individuals each."" (p.13.)",bib7346,no +3006-speakers-2,3006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Isolated group. Reflects those in Brazil only? ""The group, known as the Mashco-Piro in Peru, was spotted first by satellite and then confirmed with an overflight. The Mascho-Piro are actually two groups of between 60 and 70 individuals each."" (p.13.)",bib7346,no +3006-speaker_number-3,3006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3006-speakers-3,3006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3006-speaker_number-4,3006,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 3006-speakers-4,3006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 3006-LEI-1,3006,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3006-vitality-1,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3006-LEI-2,3006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7322,no -3006-vitality-2,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7322,no -3006-LEI-3,3006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3006-vitality-3,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3006-LEI-2,3006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7346,no +3006-vitality-2,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7346,no +3006-LEI-3,3006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3006-vitality-3,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3006-LEI-4,3006,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3006-vitality-4,3006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3007-location-1,3007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.1091, 18.2153]]}",,,bib5307,no -3007-location-2,3007,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in Arvidsjaur County and the southeastern corner of Arjeplog County in Norrbotten Province (Pite Lappmark) and in Mala and Sorsele counties and the northern Tarna region in Storuman\nCounty in Vasterbotten Province (Lycksele Lappmark) in Sweden. Formerly also spoken in Rana County in Nordland Province in Norway.""}",,Nearly extinct in Sweden; extinct in Norway.,bib6474,yes +3007-location-1,3007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.1091, 18.2153]]}",,,bib5330,no +3007-location-2,3007,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in Arvidsjaur County and the southeastern corner of Arjeplog County in Norrbotten Province (Pite Lappmark) and in Mala and Sorsele counties and the northern Tarna region in Storuman\nCounty in Vasterbotten Province (Lycksele Lappmark) in Sweden. Formerly also spoken in Rana County in Nordland Province in Norway.""}",,Nearly extinct in Sweden; extinct in Norway.,bib6498,yes 3007-location-3,3007,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""]}",,,bib67,no -3007-speakers-1,3007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20""}",,20 speakers in Sweden and 0 in Norway,bib6142,no -3007-speaker_number-2,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3007-speakers-2,3007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3007-speaker_number-3,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,yes -3007-speakers-3,3007,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<20""}",,,bib6474,yes +3007-speakers-1,3007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20""}",,20 speakers in Sweden and 0 in Norway,bib6166,no +3007-speaker_number-2,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3007-speakers-2,3007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3007-speaker_number-3,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,yes +3007-speakers-3,3007,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<20""}",,,bib6498,yes 3007-speaker_number-4,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3007-speakers-4,3007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3007-speaker_number-5,3007,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Salminen (2000). Probably no speakers in Norway. Data for the ethnic population is from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 3007-speakers-5,3007,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Salminen (2000). Probably no speakers in Norway. Data for the ethnic population is from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no -3007-LEI-1,3007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6142,no -3007-speaker_number_trends-1,3007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6142,no -3007-vitality-1,3007,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6142,no -3007-LEI-2,3007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3007-vitality-2,3007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3007-LEI-3,3007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3007-transmission-3,3007,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,yes -3007-domains_of_use-3,3007,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6474,yes -3007-speaker_number_trends-3,3007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,yes -3007-vitality-3,3007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,yes +3007-LEI-1,3007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6166,no +3007-speaker_number_trends-1,3007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6166,no +3007-vitality-1,3007,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"At the time of writing, intergenerational transmission of Ume Sámi takes place in one family.",bib6166,no +3007-LEI-2,3007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3007-vitality-2,3007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3007-LEI-3,3007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3007-transmission-3,3007,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,yes +3007-domains_of_use-3,3007,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6498,yes +3007-speaker_number_trends-3,3007,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,yes +3007-vitality-3,3007,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,yes 3007-LEI-4,3007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3007-vitality-4,3007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3007-LEI-5,3007,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3007-vitality-5,3007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3008-location-1,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas, along headwaters of Curuçá, Ipixuna, and Javarí tributaries, near the Peru border. Large groups in the city of Atalaia do Norte city; smaller groups in the city of Cruzeiro do Sul.",bib67,no -3008-location-2,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2647,no -3008-location-3,3008,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0968, -70.2246]]}",,,bib5307,no -3008-location-4,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""The Mar\u00fabo villages are along the Itui and Curu\u00e7a Rivers, but many live permanently in Atalaia \ndo Norte.""}",,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib500,yes -3008-location-5,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3008-location-2,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2660,no +3008-location-3,3008,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0968, -70.2246]]}",,,bib5330,no +3008-location-4,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""The Mar\u00fabo villages are along the Itui and Curu\u00e7a Rivers, but many live permanently in Atalaia \ndo Norte.""}",,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib503,yes +3008-location-5,3008,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3008-speaker_number-1,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2000). 1,250 (2006 FUNASA) (2016)",bib67,no 3008-speakers-1,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,040"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2000). 1,250 (2006 FUNASA) (2016)",bib67,no -3008-speaker_number-2,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3008-speakers-2,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,252"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3008-speaker_number-3,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib500,yes -3008-speakers-3,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1043"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib500,yes +3008-speaker_number-2,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3008-speakers-2,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,252"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3008-speaker_number-3,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib503,yes +3008-speakers-3,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1043"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The 1995 Ethnologue lists an estimate of 594 speakers of the Marúbo. According to demographics illustrated on the Socioambiental web site ... in 2000, there were 1,043 Marúbo, living in four locations. This figure is more likely the accurate figure, since it is based on ongoing demographic research. This research began in 1975 and has continued at least through the year 2000. Due to population growth, the actual population total is likely even higher. (pp.9-10)",bib503,yes 3008-speaker_number-4,3008,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3008-speakers-4,3008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""594"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3008-speaker_number-5,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -3008-speakers-5,3008,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1252"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,252"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +3008-speaker_number-5,3008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +3008-speakers-5,3008,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1252"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,252"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 3008-LEI-1,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3008-vitality-1,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3008-LEI-2,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3008-vitality-2,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3008-LEI-3,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib500,yes -3008-vitality-3,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib500,yes +3008-LEI-2,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3008-vitality-2,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3008-LEI-3,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib503,yes +3008-vitality-3,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib503,yes 3008-LEI-4,3008,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3008-vitality-4,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3008-LEI-5,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3008-vitality-5,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3009-context-1,3009,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes +3008-LEI-5,3008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3008-vitality-5,3008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3009-context-1,3009,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes 3009-context-2,3009,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3009-location-1,3009,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the lower Amur basin, in Ul\u2019cha County in Khabarovsk Region in the\nRussian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3009-location-1,3009,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the lower Amur basin, in Ul\u2019cha County in Khabarovsk Region in the\nRussian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3009-location-2,3009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.25, 140.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3009-location-3,3009,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Khabarovsk Krai, Ulch region, along Amur River and tributaries, Tatar Channel coast.""}",,,bib67,no -3009-location-4,3009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.0457, 140.4162]]}",,,bib5307,no +3009-location-4,3009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.0457, 140.4162]]}",,,bib5330,no 3009-location-5,3009,location,"{""Description"": ""The Ulchis live in the Khabarovsk region, on the Lower Amur. 90 %% of the Ulchis live within the district of Ulchi.""}",,,bib213,no -3009-speaker_number-1,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -3009-speakers-1,3009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3009-speaker_number-1,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +3009-speakers-1,3009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3009-speaker_number-2,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3009-speakers-2,3009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""913"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3009-speaker_number-3,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3009-speakers-3,3009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""732"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3009-speaker_number-3,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3009-speakers-3,3009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""732"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3009-speaker_number-4,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3009-speakers-4,3009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3009-speaker_number-5,3009,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979 38.8%% of the ethnic population of 2,552, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 990.",bib213,no 3009-speakers-5,3009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,552"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""990"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979 38.8%% of the ethnic population of 2,552, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 990.",bib213,no -3009-LEI-1,3009,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6474,yes -3009-transmission-1,3009,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6474,yes -3009-domains_of_use-1,3009,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6474,yes -3009-speaker_number_trends-1,3009,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6474,yes -3009-vitality-1,3009,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6474,yes +3009-LEI-1,3009,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6498,yes +3009-transmission-1,3009,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6498,yes +3009-domains_of_use-1,3009,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6498,yes +3009-speaker_number_trends-1,3009,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6498,yes +3009-vitality-1,3009,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All speakers are middle-aged or older, and the shift to Russian continues to proceed rapidly.",bib6498,yes 3009-LEI-2,3009,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Home. Mainly adults,bib67,no 3009-vitality-2,3009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Home. Mainly adults,bib67,no -3009-LEI-3,3009,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3009-vitality-3,3009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3009-LEI-3,3009,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3009-vitality-3,3009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3009-LEI-4,3009,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3009-vitality-4,3009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3009-LEI-5,3009,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3009-domains_of_use-5,3009,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib213,no 3009-vitality-5,3009,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -301-context-1,301,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maxi; Cabe;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"In Okounfo village, the switch to Cabe has occurred, with pervasive bilingualism and Tchumbuli known only to the older generation. In Edaningbe, Maxi is replacing Tchumbuli although a more complex ethnic mixture in the village means that the process of replacement is less straightforward. In Gbede, Tchumbuli remains widely spoken although Cabe is used to communicate with outsiders and appears to be spreading among younger children.",bib994,yes -301-location-1,301,location,"{""Places"": [""Zou, Benin""], ""Description"": ""\""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province du Zou, dans les villages de lakoko (district de Sav\u025b) ok\u0254\u014bfo et gbeede, tous dans le district de w\u025bs\u025b.""}",,,bib8225,no -301-location-2,301,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages in the Departement de Collines between Sav\u00e9 and Ouess\u00e9. These villages are Okounfo, Gbede and Edaningbe.""}",,,bib994,yes +301-context-1,301,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maxi; Cabe;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"In Okounfo village, the switch to Cabe has occurred, with pervasive bilingualism and Tchumbuli known only to the older generation. In Edaningbe, Maxi is replacing Tchumbuli although a more complex ethnic mixture in the village means that the process of replacement is less straightforward. In Gbede, Tchumbuli remains widely spoken although Cabe is used to communicate with outsiders and appears to be spreading among younger children.",bib998,yes +301-location-1,301,location,"{""Places"": [""Zou, Benin""], ""Description"": ""\""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province du Zou, dans les villages de lakoko (district de Sav\u025b) ok\u0254\u014bfo et gbeede, tous dans le district de w\u025bs\u025b.""}",,,bib8250,no +301-location-2,301,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in three villages in the Departement de Collines between Sav\u00e9 and Ouess\u00e9. These villages are Okounfo, Gbede and Edaningbe.""}",,,bib998,yes 301-location-3,301,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin""]}",,,bib67,no 301-speaker_number-1,301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 301-speakers-1,301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -301-speaker_number-2,301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib994,yes -301-speakers-2,301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,838"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib994,yes +301-speaker_number-2,301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib998,yes +301-speakers-2,301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,838"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib998,yes 301-speaker_number-3,301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no 301-speakers-3,301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no 301-LEI-1,301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 301-vitality-1,301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -301-LEI-2,301,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,yes -301-transmission-2,301,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib994,yes -301-speaker_number_trends-2,301,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib994,yes -301-vitality-2,301,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib994,yes +301-LEI-2,301,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,yes +301-transmission-2,301,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib998,yes +301-speaker_number_trends-2,301,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib998,yes +301-vitality-2,301,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib998,yes 301-LEI-3,301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 301-vitality-3,301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3010-context-1,3010,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Official status, but limited"", ""Institutional Support"": ""FinUgRevita Project""}",,,bib2595,yes -3010-location-1,3010,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Udmurt Republic and parts of Tatarstan, the Republic of Mariy-El, Bashkortostan, and Kirov (Vyatka) and Perm\u2019 provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,no +3010-context-1,3010,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Official status, but limited"", ""Institutional Support"": ""FinUgRevita Project""}",,,bib2608,yes +3010-location-1,3010,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Udmurt Republic and parts of Tatarstan, the Republic of Mariy-El, Bashkortostan, and Kirov (Vyatka) and Perm\u2019 provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,no 3010-location-2,3010,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.5, 52.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3010-location-3,3010,location,"{""Places"": [""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Russia: Near Ural Mountains; Udmurtia, 1,000 km. northeast of Moscow, bounded by Kama and Cheptsa rivers""}",,,bib67,no -3010-location-4,3010,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.2315, 52.8662]]}",,,bib5307,no -3010-location-5,3010,location,"{""Places"": [""Udmurt Republic, Russia"", ""Kazakhstan""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken in the area between the Vyatka, Cheptsa and Kama rivers, about 1,200 kilometers (about 750 miles) east of Moscow but west of the Ural mountains, in the Udmurt Republic (or, informally, Udmurtia). Additionally, Udmurts also live in greater numbers in Kazakhstan, and dispersed in many cities and towns of Russia."", ""Coordinates"": [[56.625346, 52.13489]]}",,,bib2595,yes -3010-speaker_number-1,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,no -3010-speakers-1,3010,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,no +3010-location-4,3010,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.2315, 52.8662]]}",,,bib5330,no +3010-location-5,3010,location,"{""Places"": [""Udmurt Republic, Russia"", ""Kazakhstan""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken in the area between the Vyatka, Cheptsa and Kama rivers, about 1,200 kilometers (about 750 miles) east of Moscow but west of the Ural mountains, in the Udmurt Republic (or, informally, Udmurtia). Additionally, Udmurts also live in greater numbers in Kazakhstan, and dispersed in many cities and towns of Russia."", ""Coordinates"": [[56.625346, 52.13489]]}",,,bib2608,yes +3010-speaker_number-1,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,no +3010-speakers-1,3010,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,no 3010-speaker_number-2,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"464,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no 3010-speakers-2,3010,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""636,906"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""479,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"464,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no -3010-speaker_number-3,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3010-speakers-3,3010,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""463,837"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3010-speaker_number-3,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3010-speakers-3,3010,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""463,837"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3010-speaker_number-4,3010,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3010-speakers-4,3010,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""565,786"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3010-speaker_number-5,3010,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Numbers based on 2010 Russian census,bib2595,yes -3010-speakers-5,3010,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""552,299"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""324,338"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Numbers based on 2010 Russian census,bib2595,yes -3010-LEI-1,3010,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6474,no -3010-transmission-1,3010,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6474,no -3010-domains_of_use-1,3010,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6474,no -3010-speaker_number_trends-1,3010,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6474,no -3010-vitality-1,3010,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6474,no +3010-speaker_number-5,3010,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Numbers based on 2010 Russian census,bib2608,yes +3010-speakers-5,3010,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""552,299"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""324,338"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Numbers based on 2010 Russian census,bib2608,yes +3010-LEI-1,3010,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6498,no +3010-transmission-1,3010,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6498,no +3010-domains_of_use-1,3010,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6498,no +3010-speaker_number_trends-1,3010,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6498,no +3010-vitality-1,3010,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many children learn the language, but only those living in remote rural areas continue to use it actively.",bib6498,no 3010-LEI-2,3010,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3010-vitality-2,3010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3010-LEI-3,3010,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3010-vitality-3,3010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3010-LEI-3,3010,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3010-vitality-3,3010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3010-LEI-4,3010,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3010-vitality-4,3010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3010-LEI-5,3010,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2595,yes -3010-domains_of_use-5,3010,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2595,yes -3010-speaker_number_trends-5,3010,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2595,yes -3010-vitality-5,3010,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2595,yes -3011-context-1,3011,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schooling, daily communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Georgian, Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes -3011-context-2,3011,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""\u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441. \u041d\u0438\u0434\u0436, NHE""}",,Деятельность по восстановлению и сохранению удинской культуры поддерживается в настоящее время Норвежской гуманитарной миссией (NHE).,bib8308,no -3011-context-3,3011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian, Azeri, Russian, Armenian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Scientific Research center of Caucasian Albania in Baku since 2000""}",,...all teaching is in Azeri; no classes are given in Udi. The last years have seen a growing interest in the cultural and linguistic heritage of the Udi people due to an increasing debate on the ethnic layers in Azerbaijan.,bib7188,no +3010-LEI-5,3010,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2608,yes +3010-domains_of_use-5,3010,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2608,yes +3010-speaker_number_trends-5,3010,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2608,yes +3010-vitality-5,3010,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Today,the Udmurt language is used mostly within the family and among friends, and even though it is an official language in Udmurtia,it has limited power and rights. It is not used in the legislature or political life. However, it is present in the media, education, and the cultural sphere, as well as enjoying a growing presence on the internet.",bib2608,yes +3011-context-1,3011,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schooling, daily communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Georgian, Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes +3011-context-2,3011,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""\u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441. \u041d\u0438\u0434\u0436, NHE""}",,Деятельность по восстановлению и сохранению удинской культуры поддерживается в настоящее время Норвежской гуманитарной миссией (NHE).,bib8333,no +3011-context-3,3011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian, Azeri, Russian, Armenian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Scientific Research center of Caucasian Albania in Baku since 2000""}",,...all teaching is in Azeri; no classes are given in Udi. The last years have seen a growing interest in the cultural and linguistic heritage of the Udi people due to an increasing debate on the ethnic layers in Azerbaijan.,bib7212,no 3011-context-4,3011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Armenian, Georgian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral/negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Taught in primary schools, through 4th grade""}",,Discussing how their language can be saved.,bib68,no 3011-context-5,3011,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Georgian, Armenian""}",,,bib213,no -3011-location-1,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan and eastern Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Earlier spoken across a large area in northern Azerbaijan, but now mainly in the villages of Vartashen (Vardashen, currently Oguz) in Vartashen County and Nij in Kutkashen (currently Qabala) County, recently also in Sheki County and part of Zakatali County. Since the 1920s Udi has also been spoken in the village of Zinobiani in Kvareli County in Georgia.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3011-location-1,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan and eastern Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Earlier spoken across a large area in northern Azerbaijan, but now mainly in the villages of Vartashen (Vardashen, currently Oguz) in Vartashen County and Nij in Kutkashen (currently Qabala) County, recently also in Sheki County and part of Zakatali County. Since the 1920s Udi has also been spoken in the village of Zinobiani in Kvareli County in Georgia.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3011-location-2,3011,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.0, 48.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3011-location-3,3011,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.8905, 45.913]]}",,,bib5307,no -3011-location-4,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d, \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f""], ""Description"": ""\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d - \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d, \u041d\u0438\u0434\u0436. \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f - \u0441. \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u041e\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f - \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u041f\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a, \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0412\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440.""}",,"Удины исконно проживали в Закавказье, при этом территория их проживания неуклонно сокращалась; к концу XIX века удины сконцентрировались в двух крупных селах на севере Азербайджана — Варташене и Нидже... Однако уже в конце 1980-х гг. вследствие армяноазербайджанского конфликта и ухудшения экономической ситуации началось массовое переселение удин (традиционно исповедующих христианство) из мест исконного проживания. Подавляющее большинство удин покинуло Варташен, переселившись частично в Нидж, частично в различные районы России и других республик СССР. Все последующие годы продолжался и отток населения из Ниджа...",bib8308,no -3011-location-5,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia""], ""Description"": ""In Azerbaijan: Nidzh/Nij, Oghuz; in eastern Georgia: Zinobiani""}",,,bib7188,no +3011-location-3,3011,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.8905, 45.913]]}",,,bib5330,no +3011-location-4,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d, \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f""], ""Description"": ""\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d - \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d, \u041d\u0438\u0434\u0436. \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f - \u0441. \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u041e\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433. \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f - \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u041f\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a, \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0412\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440.""}",,"Удины исконно проживали в Закавказье, при этом территория их проживания неуклонно сокращалась; к концу XIX века удины сконцентрировались в двух крупных селах на севере Азербайджана — Варташене и Нидже... Однако уже в конце 1980-х гг. вследствие армяноазербайджанского конфликта и ухудшения экономической ситуации началось массовое переселение удин (традиционно исповедующих христианство) из мест исконного проживания. Подавляющее большинство удин покинуло Варташен, переселившись частично в Нидж, частично в различные районы России и других республик СССР. Все последующие годы продолжался и отток населения из Ниджа...",bib8333,no +3011-location-5,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia""], ""Description"": ""In Azerbaijan: Nidzh/Nij, Oghuz; in eastern Georgia: Zinobiani""}",,,bib7212,no 3011-location-6,3011,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Georgia"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Azerbaijan: Oghuz town, Qabala, Ni\u00e7 (about 4,000 speakers), and Mirzabeyli villages.""}",,,bib68,no -3011-speaker_number-1,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, 5,500 speakers were reported from Azerbaijan and a few hundred from Georgia, but the actual numbers may be lower; many Udi may have emigrated from Vartashen to Russia.",bib6474,yes -3011-speakers-1,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, 5,500 speakers were reported from Azerbaijan and a few hundred from Georgia, but the actual numbers may be lower; many Udi may have emigrated from Vartashen to Russia.",bib6474,yes -3011-speaker_number-2,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2511,no -3011-speakers-2,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2511,no -3011-speaker_number-3,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3011-speakers-3,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3011-speakers-4,3011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7871+""}",,"Варташен, Азербайджан - не более 30 семей; Нидж, Габалинского района Азербайджана - 3,5–4 тыс. удин; с. Зинобиани Кварельского района Грузии - 500 удин; с. Дубовый Овраг Волгоградской области России - около 30 семей. По данным последней переписи населения в 2002 г. в России проживал всего 3721 удин.",bib8308,no -3011-speaker_number-5,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7188,no -3011-speakers-5,3011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7188,no +3011-speaker_number-1,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, 5,500 speakers were reported from Azerbaijan and a few hundred from Georgia, but the actual numbers may be lower; many Udi may have emigrated from Vartashen to Russia.",bib6498,yes +3011-speakers-1,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, 5,500 speakers were reported from Azerbaijan and a few hundred from Georgia, but the actual numbers may be lower; many Udi may have emigrated from Vartashen to Russia.",bib6498,yes +3011-speaker_number-2,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2524,no +3011-speakers-2,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2524,no +3011-speaker_number-3,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3011-speakers-3,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3011-speakers-4,3011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7871+""}",,"Варташен, Азербайджан - не более 30 семей; Нидж, Габалинского района Азербайджана - 3,5–4 тыс. удин; с. Зинобиани Кварельского района Грузии - 500 удин; с. Дубовый Овраг Волгоградской области России - около 30 семей. По данным последней переписи населения в 2002 г. в России проживал всего 3721 удин.",bib8333,no +3011-speaker_number-5,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7212,no +3011-speakers-5,3011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7212,no 3011-speaker_number-6,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,800 in Azerbaijan",bib68,no 3011-speakers-6,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,800 in Azerbaijan",bib68,no 3011-speaker_number-7,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3011-speakers-7,3011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,720"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3011-speaker_number-8,3011,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989, 85.7% of the ethnic population of 7,971 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 6,830.",bib213,no 3011-speakers-8,3011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,971"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989, 85.7% of the ethnic population of 7,971 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 6,830.",bib213,no -3011-LEI-1,3011,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6474,yes -3011-transmission-1,3011,transmission,3,transmission-3,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6474,yes -3011-domains_of_use-1,3011,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6474,yes -3011-speaker_number_trends-1,3011,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6474,yes -3011-vitality-1,3011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6474,yes -3011-LEI-2,3011,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -3011-vitality-2,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no -3011-LEI-3,3011,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3011-vitality-3,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3011-LEI-5,3011,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7188,no -3011-transmission-5,3011,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7188,no -3011-vitality-5,3011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7188,no +3011-LEI-1,3011,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6498,yes +3011-transmission-1,3011,transmission,3,transmission-3,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6498,yes +3011-domains_of_use-1,3011,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6498,yes +3011-speaker_number_trends-1,3011,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6498,yes +3011-vitality-1,3011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are relatively few child speakers. Until recently, Azerbaijani, Georgian and Russian were used exclusively in school, and they continue to be used for wider communication.",bib6498,yes +3011-LEI-2,3011,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +3011-vitality-2,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no +3011-LEI-3,3011,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3011-vitality-3,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3011-LEI-5,3011,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7212,no +3011-transmission-5,3011,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7212,no +3011-vitality-5,3011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In Nidzh (and, until 1989, in Vartashen), Udi is spoken by most elder ethnic Udis (50 years and beyond), whereas the knowledge of the language decreases the younger people are. Yet, a considerable number of young Udis still use a (however strongly Azeri influenced) variety of Udi in “internal” communication which can be described as “Young People’s Udi”. The sociolinguistic situation of Udi in Nidzh has become more stable after the immigration of Udis from Vartashen.",bib7212,no 3011-LEI-6,3011,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Home, community. Used by 30%–50% of children",bib68,no 3011-transmission-6,3011,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Home, community. Used by 30%–50% of children",bib68,no 3011-domains_of_use-6,3011,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Home, community. Used by 30%–50% of children",bib68,no @@ -31390,36 +31576,36 @@ Brazil: Javari Valley; near Santa Rosa, a municipality in Acre.",bib7322,no 3011-vitality-7,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3011-LEI-8,3011,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3011-vitality-8,3011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3012-context-1,3012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-location-1,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib2922,yes +3012-context-1,3012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-location-1,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib2936,yes 3012-location-2,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3012-location-3,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no +3012-location-3,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no 3012-location-4,3012,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib67,no 3012-speaker_number-1,3012,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3012-speakers-1,3012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3012-speaker_number-2,3012,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-speakers-2,3012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes +3012-speaker_number-2,3012,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-speakers-2,3012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes 3012-speaker_number-3,3012,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left. -In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Upper Majagua village, but the language may be extinct today.",bib1902,no +In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Upper Majagua village, but the language may be extinct today.",bib1914,no 3012-speakers-3,3012,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""365"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left. -In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Upper Majagua village, but the language may be extinct today.",bib1902,no +In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Upper Majagua village, but the language may be extinct today.",bib1914,no 3012-speaker_number-4,3012,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 3012-speakers-4,3012,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""365"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 3012-LEI-1,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3012-vitality-1,3012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3012-LEI-2,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-transmission-2,3012,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-domains_of_use-2,3012,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-speaker_number_trends-2,3012,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-vitality-2,3012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2922,yes -3012-LEI-3,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1902,no -3012-transmission-3,3012,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1902,no -3012-speaker_number_trends-3,3012,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1902,no -3012-vitality-3,3012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1902,no +3012-LEI-2,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-transmission-2,3012,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-domains_of_use-2,3012,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-speaker_number_trends-2,3012,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-vitality-2,3012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).",bib2936,yes +3012-LEI-3,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1914,no +3012-transmission-3,3012,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1914,no +3012-speaker_number_trends-3,3012,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1914,no +3012-vitality-3,3012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.",bib1914,no 3012-LEI-4,3012,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 3012-transmission-4,3012,transmission,5,transmission-5,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 3012-domains_of_use-4,3012,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no @@ -31431,8 +31617,8 @@ In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Iyojwa’ja Chorote [crt]: 800 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 2,000 ethnic Chorote [crt] and [crq] (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 3013-location-2,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay, Argentina""]}",,"Chorote, Iyojwa’ja [crt]: In Argentina: Salta province, near Pilcomayo River. Chorote, Iyo’wujwa [crq]: In Argentina: Salta province; in Paraguay: Boquerón department: Campo Loa, Colonia 22, Estigarribia, Filadelfia, Mcal, Neuland, Pedro P. Pena, Platanilia, Santa Rosa, Yakaquash.",bib70,no -3013-location-3,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Paraguay""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.287, -60.3808]]}",,,bib5307,no -3013-location-4,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Argentina""], ""Description"": ""PARAGUAY: in the border area between Paraguay, Argentina and Bolivia, Department of Boqueron, District of Pedro P. Pena. ARGENTINA: in the Province of Salta, departments of Rivadavia and San Mart\u0131n.""}",,,bib1903,no +3013-location-3,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Paraguay""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.287, -60.3808]]}",,,bib5330,no +3013-location-4,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay and Argentina""], ""Description"": ""PARAGUAY: in the border area between Paraguay, Argentina and Bolivia, Department of Boqueron, District of Pedro P. Pena. ARGENTINA: in the Province of Salta, departments of Rivadavia and San Mart\u0131n.""}",,,bib1915,no 3013-location-5,3013,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina"", ""Paraguay""]}",,,bib233,no 3013-speaker_number-1,3013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Chorote languages: Chorote, Iyojwa’ja [crt], and Chorote, Iyo’wujwa [crq]. Others have only one. Iyo’wujwa [crt]: 2,038 speakers. Iyojwa’ja [crq]: 800.",bib67,no 3013-speakers-1,3013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,838"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Chorote languages: Chorote, Iyojwa’ja [crt], and Chorote, Iyo’wujwa [crq]. Others have only one. Iyo’wujwa [crt]: 2,038 speakers. Iyojwa’ja [crq]: 800.",bib67,no @@ -31446,44 +31632,44 @@ Chorote, Iyojwa’ja [crt]: 800 (Crevels 2007). Chorote, Iyo’wujwa [crq]: 2150 (Ethnologue counts the ethnic population of both [crt] and [crq] at 2000 (2007) (inconsistent with the number of speakers).",bib70,no -3013-speaker_number-3,3013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Follows Ethnologue in distinguishing two Chorote languages: 800 speakers for crt and 1200 for crq.,bib5307,no -3013-speakers-3,3013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Follows Ethnologue in distinguishing two Chorote languages: 800 speakers for crt and 1200 for crq.,bib5307,no -3013-speakers-4,3013,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230 in Paraguay, 2,000 in Argentina""}",,"It is not known how many speakers of Chorote there are in the ethnic group of 2,000 persons in Argentina. In Paraguay, the language is to be considered seriously endangered, even though all of the approximately 230 members of the ethnic group speak the language.",bib1903,no +3013-speaker_number-3,3013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Follows Ethnologue in distinguishing two Chorote languages: 800 speakers for crt and 1200 for crq.,bib5330,no +3013-speakers-3,3013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Follows Ethnologue in distinguishing two Chorote languages: 800 speakers for crt and 1200 for crq.,bib5330,no +3013-speakers-4,3013,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230 in Paraguay, 2,000 in Argentina""}",,"It is not known how many speakers of Chorote there are in the ethnic group of 2,000 persons in Argentina. In Paraguay, the language is to be considered seriously endangered, even though all of the approximately 230 members of the ethnic group speak the language.",bib1915,no 3013-speaker_number-5,3013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3013-speakers-5,3013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3013-speaker_number-6,3013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Argentina: 1,692 speakers, 2,613 ethnic population. -Paraguay: 365 speakers, 452 ethnic population.",bib1902,yes +Paraguay: 365 speakers, 452 ethnic population.",bib1914,yes 3013-speakers-6,3013,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,065"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,057"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Argentina: 1,692 speakers, 2,613 ethnic population. -Paraguay: 365 speakers, 452 ethnic population.",bib1902,yes +Paraguay: 365 speakers, 452 ethnic population.",bib1914,yes 3013-LEI-1,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3013-vitality-1,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3013-LEI-2,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3013-vitality-2,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3013-LEI-3,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3013-vitality-3,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3013-LEI-3,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3013-vitality-3,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3013-LEI-5,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3013-vitality-5,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3013-LEI-6,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3013-vitality-6,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3014-context-1,3014,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nheengatu""}",,,bib1902,yes -3014-location-1,3014,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.428, -66.9287]]}",,,bib5307,no -3014-location-2,3014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3013-LEI-6,3013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3013-vitality-6,3013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3014-context-1,3014,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nheengatu""}",,,bib1914,yes +3014-location-1,3014,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.428, -66.9287]]}",,,bib5330,no +3014-location-2,3014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3014-location-3,3014,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"Colombia border, extreme southwest, Amazonas, east of Baré [bae] language area on Baria River and Casiquiare canal.",bib67,no -3014-speakers-1,3014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Mandahuaca is sometimes considered a dialect of Baré. It is not clear how big the ethnic group is, since the figure of 3,000 that used to be cited (e.g. Gaceta Indigenista 1975) probably included Baré, Baniva, and Mandahuaca. It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217)",bib1902,yes +3014-speakers-1,3014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Mandahuaca is sometimes considered a dialect of Baré. It is not clear how big the ethnic group is, since the figure of 3,000 that used to be cited (e.g. Gaceta Indigenista 1975) probably included Baré, Baniva, and Mandahuaca. It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217)",bib1914,yes 3014-speaker_number-2,3014,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""3,000 in Venezuela"" (Gaceta Indigenista 1975). (Population 3000 [2016].)",bib67,no 3014-speakers-2,3014,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,003"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""3,000 in Venezuela"" (Gaceta Indigenista 1975). (Population 3000 [2016].)",bib67,no -3014-LEI-1,3014,LEI,Dormant (),,"Mandahuaca: It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217).",bib1902,yes -3014-vitality-1,3014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Mandahuaca: It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217).",bib1902,yes +3014-LEI-1,3014,LEI,Dormant (),,"Mandahuaca: It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217).",bib1914,yes +3014-vitality-1,3014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Mandahuaca: It is possible that today the language is extinct in Venezuela and it probably became extinct in the 1990s in Brazil, where speakers have shifted to Nheengatu (Ñengatú). (p. 217).",bib1914,yes 3014-LEI-2,3014,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3014-vitality-2,3014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3015-location-1,3015,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0, -60.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3015-location-2,3015,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Contingo, Quino, Pium, and Mau rivers, northeast Roraima and Rio Branco. Also in Guyana, Venezuela.""}",,,bib67,no -3015-location-4,3015,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6888, -59.4799]]}",,,bib5307,no -3015-location-5,3015,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Venezuela and Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no +3015-location-4,3015,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.6888, -59.4799]]}",,,bib5330,no +3015-location-5,3015,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Venezuela and Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no 3015-speaker_number-1,3015,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,000 in Brazil (2001 ISA).",bib67,no 3015-speakers-1,3015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,000 in Brazil (2001 ISA).",bib67,no 3015-speaker_number-2,3015,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In Brazil: 16,500 (ethnic population: 23,400 [2001]). @@ -31492,44 +31678,44 @@ In Venezuela: 600?",bib70,no 3015-speakers-2,3015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (Brazil), 2001 (Guyana), 1992? (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In Brazil: 16,500 (ethnic population: 23,400 [2001]). In Guyana: 930 (ethnic population: 7,750 [2007]). In Venezuela: 600?",bib70,no -3015-speaker_number-3,3015,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3015-speakers-3,3015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3015-speakers-4,3015,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib1903,no +3015-speaker_number-3,3015,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3015-speakers-3,3015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3015-speakers-4,3015,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib1915,no 3015-speaker_number-5,3015,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3015-speakers-5,3015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3015-speaker_number-6,3015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"<7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83.",bib1902,yes -3015-speakers-6,3015,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,830"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"<7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83.",bib1902,yes +3015-speaker_number-6,3015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"<7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83.",bib1914,yes +3015-speakers-6,3015,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,830"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,830"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"<7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83.",bib1914,yes 3015-LEI-1,3015,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3015-vitality-1,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3015-LEI-2,3015,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3015-vitality-2,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3015-LEI-3,3015,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3015-vitality-3,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3015-LEI-3,3015,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3015-vitality-3,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3015-LEI-4,3015,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3015-vitality-4,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3015-LEI-5,3015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3015-vitality-5,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3015-LEI-5,3015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3015-vitality-5,3015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3016-context-1,3016,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib169,yes -3016-context-2,3016,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,no +3016-context-2,3016,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,no 3016-location-1,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Os Makurap vivem em Terras Indígenas localizadas no estado de Rondônia e em algumas cidades vizinhas. [The Makurap live in Indigenous Territories in the state of Rondônia and in some neighboring towns.]",bib169,yes -3016-location-2,3016,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1682, -63.0285]]}",,,bib5307,no -3016-location-3,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Rondonia, Terra Indigena Rio Branco, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Guajara-Mirim""}",,,bib1903,no +3016-location-2,3016,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1682, -63.0285]]}",,,bib5330,no +3016-location-3,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Rondonia, Terra Indigena Rio Branco, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Guajara-Mirim""}",,,bib1915,no 3016-location-4,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia State, Pororoca post, Branco, Guapor\u00e9 and Mequ\u00e9ns rivers.""}",,,bib68,no -3016-location-5,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3016-location-5,3016,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3016-speaker_number-1,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib169,yes 3016-speakers-1,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib169,yes -3016-speaker_number-2,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3016-speakers-2,3016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3016-speaker_number-3,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Makurap language used to be a lingua franca in southwestern Rondoˆnia during a number of decades in the twentieth century.,bib1903,no -3016-speakers-3,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Makurap language used to be a lingua franca in southwestern Rondoˆnia during a number of decades in the twentieth century.,bib1903,no +3016-speaker_number-2,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3016-speakers-2,3016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3016-speaker_number-3,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Makurap language used to be a lingua franca in southwestern Rondoˆnia during a number of decades in the twentieth century.,bib1915,no +3016-speakers-3,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Makurap language used to be a lingua franca in southwestern Rondoˆnia during a number of decades in the twentieth century.,bib1915,no 3016-speaker_number-4,3016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(de Olivera Braga 1992),bib68,no 3016-speakers-4,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130 (Crevels 2007)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""45"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(de Olivera Braga 1992),bib68,no 3016-speaker_number-5,3016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3016-speakers-5,3016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3016-speaker_number-6,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -3016-speakers-6,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""381"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +3016-speaker_number-6,3016,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +3016-speakers-6,3016,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""381"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 3016-LEI-1,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Segundo a lingüista Alzerinda de O. Braga, o português é hoje a língua de comunicação cotidiana entre a população jovem. Dos 75 Makurap que viviam no PI Guaporé no final da década de 1990, 45 ainda falavam a língua Makurap. Esta também é falada por muitos membros mais velhos dos outros grupos indígenas da região. Nas “chichadas” (festas com consumo coletivo de bebida fermentada de milho), os velhos dançam, brincam e falam em macurap independente de seu grupo étnico. [According to linguist Alzerinda O. Braga, Portuguese is now the language of everyday communication among young people. Of the 75 Makurap who lived in PI Guapore at the end of the 1990s, 45 still speak Makurap. It is also spoken by many older members of other indigenous groups of the region. In ""chichadas"" (parties with collective consumption of fermented corn drink), the old people dance, play and speak in Macurap regardless of their ethnic group.]",bib169,yes @@ -31542,73 +31728,73 @@ In Venezuela: 600?",bib70,no 3016-vitality-1,3016,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Segundo a lingüista Alzerinda de O. Braga, o português é hoje a língua de comunicação cotidiana entre a população jovem. Dos 75 Makurap que viviam no PI Guaporé no final da década de 1990, 45 ainda falavam a língua Makurap. Esta também é falada por muitos membros mais velhos dos outros grupos indígenas da região. Nas “chichadas” (festas com consumo coletivo de bebida fermentada de milho), os velhos dançam, brincam e falam em macurap independente de seu grupo étnico. [According to linguist Alzerinda O. Braga, Portuguese is now the language of everyday communication among young people. Of the 75 Makurap who lived in PI Guapore at the end of the 1990s, 45 still speak Makurap. It is also spoken by many older members of other indigenous groups of the region. In ""chichadas"" (parties with collective consumption of fermented corn drink), the old people dance, play and speak in Macurap regardless of their ethnic group.]",bib169,yes -3016-LEI-2,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3016-vitality-2,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3016-LEI-3,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3016-vitality-3,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3016-LEI-2,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3016-vitality-2,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3016-LEI-3,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3016-vitality-3,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3016-LEI-4,3016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older adults.,bib68,no 3016-vitality-4,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib68,no 3016-LEI-5,3016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3016-vitality-5,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3016-LEI-6,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3016-vitality-6,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3016-LEI-6,3016,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3016-vitality-6,3016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3017-context-1,3017,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Used as L2 by Tanimuca-Retuarã [tnc] and Waimaha [bao].,bib70,no 3017-location-1,3017,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.333333333333, -70.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3017-location-2,3017,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Vaup\u00e9s region, lower Pira-Parana; Apaporis tributaries and Miriti-Parana. Also in Brazil.""}",,"Vaupés Department, lower Pira-Parana, Apaporis tributaries, and Mirití-Paraná.",bib67,no 3017-location-3,3017,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: Rio Chié. In Colombia: Vaupés department: Apaporis tributaries, Mirití-Paraná, and lower Pira-Parana.",bib70,no -3017-location-4,3017,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.2636, -70.2026]]}",,,bib5307,no -3017-location-5,3017,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3017-location-4,3017,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.2636, -70.2026]]}",,,bib5330,no +3017-location-5,3017,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3017-speaker_number-1,3017,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,010 in Colombia (2001).",bib67,no 3017-speakers-1,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,010 in Colombia (2001).",bib67,no 3017-speaker_number-2,3017,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Colombia; 170 in Brazil",bib70,no 3017-speakers-2,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia); 2006 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Colombia; 170 in Brazil",bib70,no -3017-speaker_number-3,3017,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3017-speakers-3,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3017-speaker_number-3,3017,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3017-speakers-3,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3017-speaker_number-4,3017,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3017-speakers-4,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3017-speaker_number-5,3017,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 32 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 1009 speakers in Colombia (2001),bib1902,yes -3017-speakers-5,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,041"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 32 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 1009 speakers in Colombia (2001),bib1902,yes +3017-speaker_number-5,3017,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 32 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 1009 speakers in Colombia (2001),bib1914,yes +3017-speakers-5,3017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,041"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 32 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 1009 speakers in Colombia (2001),bib1914,yes 3017-LEI-1,3017,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3017-vitality-1,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3017-LEI-2,3017,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In Brazil: nearly extinct.,bib70,no 3017-vitality-2,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,In Brazil: nearly extinct.,bib70,no -3017-LEI-3,3017,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3017-vitality-3,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3017-LEI-3,3017,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3017-vitality-3,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3017-LEI-4,3017,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3017-vitality-4,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3017-LEI-5,3017,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3017-vitality-5,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3017-LEI-5,3017,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3017-vitality-5,3017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3018-context-1,3018,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Spanish (school, interaction with outsiders)"", ""Piaroa with Piaroa speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Piaroa"", ""Government Support"": ""Official support for indigenous languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some (men more likely to speak Spanish than women)""}",,"Spanish is primarily used only in situations involving the presence of criollos... it is also used in schools. The use of Piaroa differs from community to community; it positively correlates with the number of Piaroa speakers in any given village... The legal framework and instruments to promote the use of Mako in the indigenous communities where the language is spoken and in the education system exist; however, many of these policies remain unimplemented... -The Mako people whom I know and with whom I have interacted over the last three years are most definitely not ashamed of using their language—for example, they use it overtly amongst themselves while in the cities—and, in fact, seem to see it as essential to their community and their identity. It is impossible to guarantee that all the members of all the Mako communities value their language and wish to see it promoted but I think it safe to affirm that most members of the communities with whom I have worked or those I have just visited support language maintenance.",bib4458,yes +The Mako people whom I know and with whom I have interacted over the last three years are most definitely not ashamed of using their language—for example, they use it overtly amongst themselves while in the cities—and, in fact, seem to see it as essential to their community and their identity. It is impossible to guarantee that all the members of all the Mako communities value their language and wish to see it promoted but I think it safe to affirm that most members of the communities with whom I have worked or those I have just visited support language maintenance.",bib4479,yes 3018-context-3,3018,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa], Piaroa [pid]""}",,,bib67,no -3018-location-1,3018,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.2149, -65.7421]]}",,,bib5307,no -3018-location-2,3018,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Mako communities are located in Amazonas state, in the Atabapo municipality (in the areas of Ca\u00f1o Yaquivapo, Ca\u00f1o Guapuch\u00ed, R\u00edo Ventuari, and Ca\u00f1o Yureba) and the Manapiare municipality (in the areas of R\u00edo Ventuari and Ca\u00f1o Par\u00fa)."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.232227, -66.403103]]}",,,bib4458,yes +3018-location-1,3018,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.2149, -65.7421]]}",,,bib5330,no +3018-location-2,3018,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Mako communities are located in Amazonas state, in the Atabapo municipality (in the areas of Ca\u00f1o Yaquivapo, Ca\u00f1o Guapuch\u00ed, R\u00edo Ventuari, and Ca\u00f1o Yureba) and the Manapiare municipality (in the areas of R\u00edo Ventuari and Ca\u00f1o Par\u00fa)."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.232227, -66.403103]]}",,,bib4479,yes 3018-location-3,3018,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Tributaries of the Ventuari River, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers; Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, Morocoto villages.""}",,"Ventuari River tributaries, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers; Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, and Morocoto villages.",bib67,no -3018-speaker_number-1,3018,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3018-speakers-1,3018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""345"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3018-speaker_number-2,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"A comparison of the data from the 2001 census [1,130 Mako people] with that from the 2011 one [1,211 Mako people] shows that the size of the group has remained relatively stable. My personal estimate, however, puts the Mako community around over 1,500 people... Mattéi-Müller (personal communication) reports that, out of the 1,211 Makos identified in the 2011 census, 1,078 reported speaking their language while only nine reported not speaking it.",bib4458,yes -3018-speakers-2,3018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,078"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011-2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"A comparison of the data from the 2001 census [1,130 Mako people] with that from the 2011 one [1,211 Mako people] shows that the size of the group has remained relatively stable. My personal estimate, however, puts the Mako community around over 1,500 people... Mattéi-Müller (personal communication) reports that, out of the 1,211 Makos identified in the 2011 census, 1,078 reported speaking their language while only nine reported not speaking it.",bib4458,yes -3018-speaker_number-3,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -3018-speakers-3,3018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +3018-speaker_number-1,3018,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3018-speakers-1,3018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""345"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3018-speaker_number-2,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"A comparison of the data from the 2001 census [1,130 Mako people] with that from the 2011 one [1,211 Mako people] shows that the size of the group has remained relatively stable. My personal estimate, however, puts the Mako community around over 1,500 people... Mattéi-Müller (personal communication) reports that, out of the 1,211 Makos identified in the 2011 census, 1,078 reported speaking their language while only nine reported not speaking it.",bib4479,yes +3018-speakers-2,3018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,078"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011-2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"A comparison of the data from the 2001 census [1,130 Mako people] with that from the 2011 one [1,211 Mako people] shows that the size of the group has remained relatively stable. My personal estimate, however, puts the Mako community around over 1,500 people... Mattéi-Müller (personal communication) reports that, out of the 1,211 Makos identified in the 2011 census, 1,078 reported speaking their language while only nine reported not speaking it.",bib4479,yes +3018-speaker_number-3,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +3018-speakers-3,3018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 3018-speaker_number-4,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3018-speakers-4,3018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3018-speaker_number-5,3018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Miller (2002). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 3018-speakers-5,3018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Miller (2002). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -3018-LEI-1,3018,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3018-vitality-1,3018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3018-LEI-2,3018,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4458,yes -3018-transmission-2,3018,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4458,yes -3018-domains_of_use-2,3018,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4458,yes -3018-speaker_number_trends-2,3018,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4458,yes -3018-vitality-2,3018,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4458,yes -3018-LEI-3,3018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3018-vitality-3,3018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3018-LEI-1,3018,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3018-vitality-1,3018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3018-LEI-2,3018,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4479,yes +3018-transmission-2,3018,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4479,yes +3018-domains_of_use-2,3018,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4479,yes +3018-speaker_number_trends-2,3018,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4479,yes +3018-vitality-2,3018,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities.",bib4479,yes +3018-LEI-3,3018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3018-vitality-3,3018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3018-LEI-4,3018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3018-vitality-4,3018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3018-LEI-5,3018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -31619,162 +31805,162 @@ The Mako people whom I know and with whom I have interacted over the last three 3019-LEI-1,3019,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3019-vitality-1,3019,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 302-context-1,302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa [hau]""}",,"Shifted to Hausa [hau], but retain Bashar identity.",bib69,no -302-context-2,302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Everyone under 50""}",,"Yangkam is something of a paradox; members of the ethnic group are very proud of their history and identity, but do not associate that with retention of the language... A typescript of the history of Bashar circulates in the district, larded with non-Hausa names and words but Yangkam do not draw the conclusion that there is any link between this identity and the language they formerly spoke. Although Yangkam has nearly disappeared as a language, the populations who formerly spoke it are likely to retain Basherawa and Basheranci as their name for the people and language as long as they retain a separate identity.",bib980,no -302-context-3,302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,"Speakers are quite content with the switch to Hausa. [...] Members of the ethnic group are very proud of their history and identity, but do not associate them with retention of the language.",bib994,yes -302-context-4,302,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Hausa""}",,,bib605,no -302-location-1,302,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.1048, 9.8904]]}",,,bib5307,no +302-context-2,302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Everyone under 50""}",,"Yangkam is something of a paradox; members of the ethnic group are very proud of their history and identity, but do not associate that with retention of the language... A typescript of the history of Bashar circulates in the district, larded with non-Hausa names and words but Yangkam do not draw the conclusion that there is any link between this identity and the language they formerly spoke. Although Yangkam has nearly disappeared as a language, the populations who formerly spoke it are likely to retain Basherawa and Basheranci as their name for the people and language as long as they retain a separate identity.",bib984,no +302-context-3,302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,"Speakers are quite content with the switch to Hausa. [...] Members of the ethnic group are very proud of their history and identity, but do not associate them with retention of the language.",bib998,yes +302-context-4,302,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Hausa""}",,,bib608,no +302-location-1,302,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.1048, 9.8904]]}",,,bib5330,no 302-location-2,302,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau state: Kanam, Langtang, and Wase LGAs, on Amper-Bashar road, Tukur, Bayar, Pyaksam, and Kiram villages.""}",,,bib69,no -302-location-3,302,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Yangkam people live in a region west of Bashar town, on the Amper-Bashar road, in Plateau State, Central Nigeria [...] Yangkam is spoken in some four villages, Tukur, Bayar, Pyaksam and Kiram""}",,There are many hamlets around Bashar town in Wase local Government whose populations are ethnically Yangkam but who no longer speak the language.,bib980,no -302-location-4,302,location,"{""Description"": ""The Yangkam people live in a region west of Bashar town, on the Amper-Bashar road, in Plateau State, Central Nigeria. [...] Yangkam is spoken in some four villages, Tukur, Bayar, Pyaksam and Kiram.""}",,,bib994,yes -302-speaker_number-1,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -302-speakers-1,302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +302-location-3,302,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Yangkam people live in a region west of Bashar town, on the Amper-Bashar road, in Plateau State, Central Nigeria [...] Yangkam is spoken in some four villages, Tukur, Bayar, Pyaksam and Kiram""}",,There are many hamlets around Bashar town in Wase local Government whose populations are ethnically Yangkam but who no longer speak the language.,bib984,no +302-location-4,302,location,"{""Description"": ""The Yangkam people live in a region west of Bashar town, on the Amper-Bashar road, in Plateau State, Central Nigeria. [...] Yangkam is spoken in some four villages, Tukur, Bayar, Pyaksam and Kiram.""}",,,bib998,yes +302-speaker_number-1,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +302-speakers-1,302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 302-speaker_number-2,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(R. Blench),bib69,no 302-speakers-2,302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(R. Blench),bib69,no -302-speaker_number-3,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib980,no -302-speakers-3,302,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib980,no -302-speaker_number-4,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,yes -302-speakers-4,302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,yes -302-LEI-1,302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -302-vitality-1,302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +302-speaker_number-3,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib984,no +302-speakers-3,302,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib984,no +302-speaker_number-4,302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,yes +302-speakers-4,302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,yes +302-LEI-1,302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +302-vitality-1,302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 302-LEI-2,302,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no 302-transmission-2,302,transmission,3,transmission-3,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no 302-vitality-2,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib69,no -302-LEI-3,302,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib980,no -302-transmission-3,302,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib980,no -302-speaker_number_trends-3,302,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib980,no -302-vitality-3,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib980,no -302-LEI-4,302,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib994,yes -302-transmission-4,302,transmission,5,transmission-5,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib994,yes -302-vitality-4,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib994,yes -302-LEI-5,302,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All more than fifty years old.,bib605,no -302-transmission-5,302,transmission,5,transmission-5,All more than fifty years old.,bib605,no -302-speaker_number_trends-5,302,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,All more than fifty years old.,bib605,no -302-vitality-5,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All more than fifty years old.,bib605,no +302-LEI-3,302,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib984,no +302-transmission-3,302,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib984,no +302-speaker_number_trends-3,302,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib984,no +302-vitality-3,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The local estimate of the number of fluent speakers is 400, and falling every year.",bib984,no +302-LEI-4,302,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib998,yes +302-transmission-4,302,transmission,5,transmission-5,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib998,yes +302-vitality-4,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Yangkam is only spoken by people over fifty and all the young people speak Hausa.,bib998,yes +302-LEI-5,302,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All more than fifty years old.,bib608,no +302-transmission-5,302,transmission,5,transmission-5,All more than fifty years old.,bib608,no +302-speaker_number_trends-5,302,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,All more than fifty years old.,bib608,no +302-vitality-5,302,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All more than fifty years old.,bib608,no 3020-location-1,3020,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.2122222, -57.5330556], [-25.0, -57.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3020-location-2,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Southwest, Presidente Hayes Department, Qemkuket; Main village north of Asunci\u00f3n in Mariano Roque Alonso; Par River; a changing number in a very small reserve in Ciudad del Este 4 blocks from the bridge to Brazil; Encarnaci\u00f3n near the airfield."", ""Coordinates"": [[-25.2122222, -57.5330556]]}",,"Itapúa Department, Ita Paso; Alto Paraná Department, Micro Centro; Central Department, Comunidad Maká (Corumba Kue); Presidente Hayes Department, Villa Hayes and Kenkukek.",bib67,no 3020-location-3,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Mariano Roque Alonso""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.2122222, -57.5330556]]}",,,bib97,no -3020-location-4,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Nueva Colonia Indigena Maka, located in the Mariano Roque Alonso District at a distance of 20km from the city of Asuncion; Puerto Botanico (Asuncion); Cuatro Vientos (Chaco)""}",,,bib1903,no -3020-location-5,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3020-location-4,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Nueva Colonia Indigena Maka, located in the Mariano Roque Alonso District at a distance of 20km from the city of Asuncion; Puerto Botanico (Asuncion); Cuatro Vientos (Chaco)""}",,,bib1915,no +3020-location-5,3020,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3020-speaker_number-1,3020,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 3020-speakers-1,3020,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -3020-speaker_number-2,3020,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3020-speakers-2,3020,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3020-speaker_number-2,3020,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3020-speakers-2,3020,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3020-speaker_number-3,3020,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3020-speakers-3,3020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3020-speaker_number-4,3020,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3020-speakers-4,3020,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1307"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,042"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3020-speaker_number-4,3020,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3020-speakers-4,3020,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1307"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,042"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3020-LEI-1,3020,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous. Older adults and preschool children monolingual. Home, village, church. All ages. Very positive attitudes. Language and identity closely linked. Strong cultural cohesion. Men are more proficient in Spanish [spa] than women.",bib67,no 3020-transmission-1,3020,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Vigorous. Older adults and preschool children monolingual. Home, village, church. All ages. Very positive attitudes. Language and identity closely linked. Strong cultural cohesion. Men are more proficient in Spanish [spa] than women.",bib67,no 3020-domains_of_use-1,3020,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Vigorous. Older adults and preschool children monolingual. Home, village, church. All ages. Very positive attitudes. Language and identity closely linked. Strong cultural cohesion. Men are more proficient in Spanish [spa] than women.",bib67,no 3020-speaker_number_trends-1,3020,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Vigorous. Older adults and preschool children monolingual. Home, village, church. All ages. Very positive attitudes. Language and identity closely linked. Strong cultural cohesion. Men are more proficient in Spanish [spa] than women.",bib67,no 3020-vitality-1,3020,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Vigorous. Older adults and preschool children monolingual. Home, village, church. All ages. Very positive attitudes. Language and identity closely linked. Strong cultural cohesion. Men are more proficient in Spanish [spa] than women.",bib67,no -3020-LEI-2,3020,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3020-vitality-2,3020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3020-LEI-2,3020,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3020-vitality-2,3020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3020-LEI-3,3020,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3020-vitality-3,3020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3020-LEI-4,3020,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3020-vitality-4,3020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3021-context-1,3021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes -3021-context-2,3021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Chinese""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, with many characteristic features of the language already lost; the current process of language death is taking place in favour of Russian, but assimilation by Chinese (Mandarin) seems also to have been of relevance in the past.",bib6475,no -3021-location-1,3021,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southern and central sections of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the Ussuri river, now mainly concentrated in four villages: Krasnyy Yar in Pozharskoye County and Agzu in Terney County in Maritime (Primor\u2019ye) Region, and Gvasyugi in the County of Lazo and Arsen\u2019yevo (Rassvet) in Nanay County in Khabarovsk Region in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3020-LEI-4,3020,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3020-vitality-4,3020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3021-context-1,3021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes +3021-context-2,3021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Chinese""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, with many characteristic features of the language already lost; the current process of language death is taking place in favour of Russian, but assimilation by Chinese (Mandarin) seems also to have been of relevance in the past.",bib6499,no +3021-location-1,3021,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the southern and central sections of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the Ussuri river, now mainly concentrated in four villages: Krasnyy Yar in Pozharskoye County and Agzu in Terney County in Maritime (Primor\u2019ye) Region, and Gvasyugi in the County of Lazo and Arsen\u2019yevo (Rassvet) in Nanay County in Khabarovsk Region in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3021-location-2,3021,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.6666666667, 136.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3021-location-3,3021,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Siberia far east: Lazo region; Nanai region; Pozharsk region; Terneisk region""}",,,bib67,no -3021-location-4,3021,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.6209, 136.0903]]}",,,bib5307,no -3021-location-5,3021,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the southern and central sections of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the Ussuri river, within the Maritime and Khabarovsk Regions (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6475,no +3021-location-4,3021,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.6209, 136.0903]]}",,,bib5330,no +3021-location-5,3021,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the southern and central sections of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the Ussuri river, within the Maritime and Khabarovsk Regions (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6499,no 3021-location-6,3021,location,"{""Description"": ""The Udeghes are scattered over an extensive area in the Khabarovsk region and in the Ussuri taiga, in the northern part of the Primorye region. They have no compact settled area. They live in the neighbourhood of the Nanais and the Nivkhs and in places are mixed with them.""}",,,bib213,no -3021-speaker_number-1,3021,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,yes -3021-speakers-1,3021,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<100""}",,,bib6474,yes +3021-speaker_number-1,3021,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,yes +3021-speakers-1,3021,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<100""}",,,bib6498,yes 3021-speaker_number-2,3021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3021-speakers-2,3021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,657"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3021-speaker_number-3,3021,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3021-speakers-3,3021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3021-speaker_number-4,3021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,no -3021-speakers-4,3021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,900"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,no +3021-speaker_number-3,3021,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3021-speakers-3,3021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3021-speaker_number-4,3021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,no +3021-speakers-4,3021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,900"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,no 3021-speaker_number-5,3021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3021-speakers-5,3021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3021-speaker_number-6,3021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,In 1979 it was reported that 31%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no 3021-speakers-6,3021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,011"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,In 1979 it was reported that 31%% of the ethnic population were native speakers.,bib213,no -3021-LEI-1,3021,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6474,yes -3021-transmission-1,3021,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6474,yes -3021-speaker_number_trends-1,3021,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6474,yes -3021-vitality-1,3021,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6474,yes +3021-LEI-1,3021,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6498,yes +3021-transmission-1,3021,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6498,yes +3021-speaker_number_trends-1,3021,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6498,yes +3021-vitality-1,3021,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A shift to Russian has proceeded in Udege communities faster than almost anywhere else in Siberia, and many characteristic features of the language have been lost.",bib6498,yes 3021-LEI-2,3021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3021-vitality-2,3021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3021-LEI-3,3021,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3021-vitality-3,3021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3021-LEI-4,3021,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -3021-transmission-4,3021,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,no -3021-speaker_number_trends-4,3021,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,no -3021-vitality-4,3021,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no +3021-LEI-3,3021,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3021-vitality-3,3021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3021-LEI-4,3021,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +3021-transmission-4,3021,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,no +3021-speaker_number_trends-4,3021,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,no +3021-vitality-4,3021,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no 3021-LEI-5,3021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3021-vitality-5,3021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3021-LEI-6,3021,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3021-speaker_number_trends-6,3021,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib213,no 3021-vitality-6,3021,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no 3022-context-1,3022,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Used as L2 by Caquinte [cot], Nanti [cox], and Yine [pib].",bib70,no -3022-location-1,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Sensa, Picha, Yamariato, Mantalo, Yavero, and Madre de Dios rivers (among others), in the departments of Cusco, Madre de Dios, Ayacucho, and Lima, in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +3022-location-1,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Sensa, Picha, Yamariato, Mantalo, Yavero, and Madre de Dios rivers (among others), in the departments of Cusco, Madre de Dios, Ayacucho, and Lima, in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 3022-location-2,3022,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0, -72.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3022-location-3,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Ucayali regions; Urubamba, Camisea, Picha, Manu, Timpia, Tigompinia, Kompiroshiato, and Mishagua rivers.""}",,,bib67,no 3022-location-4,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Ucayali regions: Camisea, Kompiroshiato, Picha, Manu, Mishagua, Tigompinia, Timpia, and Urubamba rivers.",bib70,no -3022-location-5,3022,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8888, -72.9052]]}",,,bib5307,no -3022-location-6,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""along the Upper and Lower Urubamba and its tributaries, along the Manu River and its tributaries, on the left-bank tributaries of the Madre de Dios, and some families on\nthe headwaters of the Colorado River.""}",,,bib1903,no -3022-location-7,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3022-location-5,3022,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8888, -72.9052]]}",,,bib5330,no +3022-location-6,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""along the Upper and Lower Urubamba and its tributaries, along the Manu River and its tributaries, on the left-bank tributaries of the Madre de Dios, and some families on\nthe headwaters of the Colorado River.""}",,,bib1915,no +3022-location-7,3022,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3022-speaker_number-1,3022,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3022-speakers-1,3022,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 3022-speaker_number-2,3022,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 3022-speakers-2,3022,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5910"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -3022-speaker_number-3,3022,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3022-speakers-3,3022,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3022-speaker_number-3,3022,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3022-speakers-3,3022,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3022-speaker_number-4,3022,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Children no longer acquire the language. Nevertheless, Machiguenga is not endangered -on the Manu River, where the Machiguenga teachers from the Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalised bilingual education programme.",bib1903,no +on the Manu River, where the Machiguenga teachers from the Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalised bilingual education programme.",bib1915,no 3022-speakers-4,3022,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Children no longer acquire the language. Nevertheless, Machiguenga is not endangered -on the Manu River, where the Machiguenga teachers from the Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalised bilingual education programme.",bib1903,no +on the Manu River, where the Machiguenga teachers from the Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalised bilingual education programme.",bib1915,no 3022-speaker_number-5,3022,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3022-speakers-5,3022,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,149"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3022-speaker_number-6,3022,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3022-speakers-6,3022,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8679"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3022-speaker_number-6,3022,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3022-speakers-6,3022,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8679"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3022-LEI-1,3022,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3022-vitality-1,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3022-LEI-2,3022,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Quechua and Spanish [spa] are replacing Machiguenga in some areas where children no longer acquire the language. Not endangered on the Manu River, where teachers from Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalized bilingual education program (Crevels 2007). All ages.",bib70,no 3022-transmission-2,3022,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Quechua and Spanish [spa] are replacing Machiguenga in some areas where children no longer acquire the language. Not endangered on the Manu River, where teachers from Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalized bilingual education program (Crevels 2007). All ages.",bib70,no 3022-speaker_number_trends-2,3022,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Quechua and Spanish [spa] are replacing Machiguenga in some areas where children no longer acquire the language. Not endangered on the Manu River, where teachers from Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalized bilingual education program (Crevels 2007). All ages.",bib70,no 3022-vitality-2,3022,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Quechua and Spanish [spa] are replacing Machiguenga in some areas where children no longer acquire the language. Not endangered on the Manu River, where teachers from Urubamba River area are interested in implementing a formalized bilingual education program (Crevels 2007). All ages.",bib70,no -3022-LEI-3,3022,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3022-vitality-3,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3022-LEI-4,3022,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3022-vitality-4,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3022-LEI-3,3022,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3022-vitality-3,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3022-LEI-4,3022,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3022-vitality-4,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3022-LEI-5,3022,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3022-vitality-5,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3022-LEI-6,3022,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3022-vitality-6,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3024-context-1,3024,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Even, Chukchi."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,,bib6474,no -3024-context-2,3024,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Koryak, Even"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, all the remaining speakers being multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even, Koryak, and other languages",bib6475,yes +3022-LEI-6,3022,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3022-vitality-6,3022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3024-context-1,3024,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Even, Chukchi."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all""}",,,bib6498,no +3024-context-2,3024,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Koryak, Even"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, all the remaining speakers being multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even, Koryak, and other languages",bib6499,yes 3024-context-3,3024,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yakut, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3024-location-1,3024,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the tundra zone, in a belt extending from the lower Indigirka in the west close to the lower Kolyma basin in the east, in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Russian Federation, now largely concentrated in the villages of Andryushkino and Kolymskoye in Lower Kolyma (Nizhnekolymskiy) County.""}",,,bib6474,no +3024-location-1,3024,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the tundra zone, in a belt extending from the lower Indigirka in the west close to the lower Kolyma basin in the east, in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Russian Federation, now largely concentrated in the villages of Andryushkino and Kolymskoye in Lower Kolyma (Nizhnekolymskiy) County.""}",,,bib6498,no 3024-location-2,3024,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[69.0, 155.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3024-location-3,3024,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3024-location-4,3024,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the tundra zone, in a belt extending from the lower Indigirka in the west close to the lower Kolyma basin in the east; administratively within the Yakut (Sakha) Republic (Yakutia); previously in a much wider area in the Lena-Yana-Indigirka-Kolyma region""}",,,bib6475,yes +3024-location-4,3024,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the tundra zone, in a belt extending from the lower Indigirka in the west close to the lower Kolyma basin in the east; administratively within the Yakut (Sakha) Republic (Yakutia); previously in a much wider area in the Lena-Yana-Indigirka-Kolyma region""}",,,bib6499,yes 3024-location-5,3024,location,"{""Description"": ""There are a small number of the Yukaghir live in the Nizhnekolymsk district in Yakutia (the Forest Yukaghir or the Odul) and in the Srednekansk district in the Magadan region (the Tundra Yukaghir or the Vadul).""}",,,bib213,no -3024-speaker_number-1,3024,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than 150 speakers of Tundra Yukagir, including elderly people who have it as their first language and middle-aged people who are typically more fluent in Russian and Yakut.",bib6474,no -3024-speakers-1,3024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than 150 speakers of Tundra Yukagir, including elderly people who have it as their first language and middle-aged people who are typically more fluent in Russian and Yakut.",bib6474,no +3024-speaker_number-1,3024,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are fewer than 150 speakers of Tundra Yukagir, including elderly people who have it as their first language and middle-aged people who are typically more fluent in Russian and Yakut.",bib6498,no +3024-speakers-1,3024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are fewer than 150 speakers of Tundra Yukagir, including elderly people who have it as their first language and middle-aged people who are typically more fluent in Russian and Yakut.",bib6498,no 3024-speaker_number-2,3024,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data on speaker number (M. Krauss 1995). Data on ethnic population: 230 to 1,100 (M. Krauss 1995, 1989 census)",bib67,no 3024-speakers-2,3024,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230-1100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data on speaker number (M. Krauss 1995). Data on ethnic population: 230 to 1,100 (M. Krauss 1995, 1989 census)",bib67,no -3024-speaker_number-3,3024,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6475,yes -3024-speakers-3,3024,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~700"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6475,yes +3024-speaker_number-3,3024,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6499,yes +3024-speakers-3,3024,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~700"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6499,yes 3024-speaker_number-4,3024,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3024-speakers-4,3024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3024-speaker_number-5,3024,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979 37.5%% of the ethnic population of 835, were considered to be native speakers which is 310.",bib213,no 3024-speakers-5,3024,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""835"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979 37.5%% of the ethnic population of 835, were considered to be native speakers which is 310.",bib213,no -3024-LEI-1,3024,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6474,no -3024-transmission-1,3024,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6474,no -3024-speaker_number_trends-1,3024,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6474,no -3024-vitality-1,3024,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6474,no +3024-LEI-1,3024,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6498,no +3024-transmission-1,3024,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6498,no +3024-speaker_number_trends-1,3024,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6498,no +3024-vitality-1,3024,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Andryushkino there may be a few younger speakers. All the remaining speakers are multilingual in Russian, Yakut, Even or Chukchi.",bib6498,no 3024-LEI-2,3024,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3024-vitality-2,3024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3024-LEI-3,3024,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -3024-transmission-3,3024,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -3024-speaker_number_trends-3,3024,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -3024-vitality-3,3024,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +3024-LEI-3,3024,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +3024-transmission-3,3024,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +3024-speaker_number_trends-3,3024,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +3024-vitality-3,3024,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 3024-LEI-4,3024,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3024-vitality-4,3024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3024-LEI-5,3024,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no @@ -31784,241 +31970,241 @@ on the Manu River, where the Machiguenga teachers from the Urubamba River area a 3025-location-1,3025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5, -71.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3025-location-2,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Arauca Department, Tame and Puerto Rondón municipalities; Casanare Department, Hato Corozal municipality; along the Casanare River; other scattered locations.",bib67,no 3025-location-3,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Arauca department: Puerto Rondon and Tame municipalities; Casanare department: Hato Corozal municipality; Casanare River, other scattered locations.",bib70,no -3025-location-4,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Arauca, Arauca, Agualinda and San Jose de Lipa between the Lipa, Ele and Cuiloto rivers, and other scattered locations.""}",,,bib1903,no -3025-location-5,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3025-location-4,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Arauca, Arauca, Agualinda and San Jose de Lipa between the Lipa, Ele and Cuiloto rivers, and other scattered locations.""}",,,bib1915,no +3025-location-5,3025,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3025-speaker_number-1,3025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,010 Most monolingual.",bib67,no 3025-speakers-1,3025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,010 Most monolingual.",bib67,no 3025-speaker_number-2,3025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 3025-speakers-2,3025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""540"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (speakers); 2007 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -3025-speakers-3,3025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""540"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib1903,no +3025-speakers-3,3025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""540"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib1915,no 3025-speaker_number-4,3025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3025-speakers-4,3025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""405"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3025-speaker_number-5,3025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3025-speakers-5,3025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""441"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""441"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3025-speaker_number-5,3025,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3025-speakers-5,3025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""441"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""441"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3025-LEI-1,3025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3025-vitality-1,3025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3025-LEI-2,3025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most are monolinguals.,bib70,no 3025-vitality-2,3025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most are monolinguals.,bib70,no 3025-LEI-3,3025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3025-vitality-3,3025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3025-LEI-4,3025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3025-vitality-4,3025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3029-context-1,3029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Nganasan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6474,yes +3025-LEI-4,3025,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3025-vitality-4,3025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3029-context-1,3029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Nganasan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6498,yes 3029-context-2,3029,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3029-location-1,3029,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the tundra zone on the lower Yenisey, now concentrated in the village of Vorontsovo in Ust\u2019-Yeniseysk County in Taymyr (Dolgan and Nenets) Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3029-location-1,3029,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the tundra zone on the lower Yenisey, now concentrated in the village of Vorontsovo in Ust\u2019-Yeniseysk County in Taymyr (Dolgan and Nenets) Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3029-location-2,3029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.5, 86.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3029-location-3,3029,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3029-location-4,3029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.6973, 83.5839]]}",,,bib5307,no -3029-speaker_number-1,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,yes -3029-speakers-1,3029,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6474,yes +3029-location-4,3029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[71.6973, 83.5839]]}",,,bib5330,no +3029-speaker_number-1,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,yes +3029-speakers-1,3029,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6498,yes 3029-speaker_number-2,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of the 10 speakers, 6 are in Vorontsovo and 3 in Karepovsk (Khanina and Shluinsky 2005: 4, 9). Ethnic population: 198 together with Forest Enets (2002 census)",bib67,no 3029-speakers-2,3029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of the 10 speakers, 6 are in Vorontsovo and 3 in Karepovsk (Khanina and Shluinsky 2005: 4, 9). Ethnic population: 198 together with Forest Enets (2002 census)",bib67,no -3029-speaker_number-3,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3029-speakers-3,3029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3029-speaker_number-3,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3029-speakers-3,3029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3029-speaker_number-4,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3029-speakers-4,3029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3029-speaker_number-5,3029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib213,no 3029-speakers-5,3029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""209"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""95"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib213,no -3029-LEI-1,3029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6474,yes -3029-transmission-1,3029,transmission,5,transmission-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6474,yes -3029-domains_of_use-1,3029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6474,yes -3029-speaker_number_trends-1,3029,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6474,yes -3029-vitality-1,3029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6474,yes +3029-LEI-1,3029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6498,yes +3029-transmission-1,3029,transmission,5,transmission-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6498,yes +3029-domains_of_use-1,3029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6498,yes +3029-speaker_number_trends-1,3029,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6498,yes +3029-vitality-1,3029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The last speakers are bilingual in Russian and are all middle-aged or older. There may also be individuals with a knowledge of Nganasan.,bib6498,yes 3029-LEI-2,3029,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3029-vitality-2,3029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3029-LEI-3,3029,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3029-vitality-3,3029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3029-LEI-3,3029,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3029-vitality-3,3029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3029-LEI-4,3029,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3029-vitality-4,3029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3029-LEI-5,3029,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3029-vitality-5,3029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -303-context-1,303,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde; Mambila; Ndoro"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Almost all individuals seemed to be fluent in the other languages of Zongo Ajiya, Fulfulde, Mambila and Ndoro. Despite this, the language seems to be alive - the Jauro assured us that all the children still speak it, and we observed this to be true.",bib980,no -303-context-2,303,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, Mambila, Ndoro"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib994,yes -303-location-1,303,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.7027, 11.2225]]}",,,bib5307,no -303-location-2,303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in Zongo Ajiya in the northwest of the Mambila Plateau in southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib980,no -303-location-3,303,location,"{""Description"": ""Zongo Ajiya town in the northwest of the Mambila Plateau in southeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib994,yes -303-speaker_number-1,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -303-speakers-1,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -303-speaker_number-2,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Mvanɨp people are only 100 (chief's estimate) consisting of a few households in one quarter of Zongo Ajiya.,bib980,no -303-speakers-2,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Mvanɨp people are only 100 (chief's estimate) consisting of a few households in one quarter of Zongo Ajiya.,bib980,no -303-speaker_number-3,303,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -303-speakers-3,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -303-speaker_number-4,303,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,yes -303-speakers-4,303,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,yes -303-speaker_number-5,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib605,no -303-speakers-5,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib605,no -303-LEI-1,303,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -303-vitality-1,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -303-LEI-2,303,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -303-transmission-2,303,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib980,no -303-vitality-2,303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib980,no -303-LEI-3,303,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -303-vitality-3,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -303-LEI-4,303,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,yes -303-transmission-4,303,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib994,yes -303-vitality-4,303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib994,yes -303-LEI-5,303,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -303-vitality-5,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no +303-context-1,303,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde; Mambila; Ndoro"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Almost all individuals seemed to be fluent in the other languages of Zongo Ajiya, Fulfulde, Mambila and Ndoro. Despite this, the language seems to be alive - the Jauro assured us that all the children still speak it, and we observed this to be true.",bib984,no +303-context-2,303,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, Mambila, Ndoro"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib998,yes +303-location-1,303,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.7027, 11.2225]]}",,,bib5330,no +303-location-2,303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in Zongo Ajiya in the northwest of the Mambila Plateau in southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib984,no +303-location-3,303,location,"{""Description"": ""Zongo Ajiya town in the northwest of the Mambila Plateau in southeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib998,yes +303-speaker_number-1,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +303-speakers-1,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +303-speaker_number-2,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Mvanɨp people are only 100 (chief's estimate) consisting of a few households in one quarter of Zongo Ajiya.,bib984,no +303-speakers-2,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The Mvanɨp people are only 100 (chief's estimate) consisting of a few households in one quarter of Zongo Ajiya.,bib984,no +303-speaker_number-3,303,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +303-speakers-3,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +303-speaker_number-4,303,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,yes +303-speakers-4,303,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,yes +303-speaker_number-5,303,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib608,no +303-speakers-5,303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib608,no +303-LEI-1,303,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +303-vitality-1,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +303-LEI-2,303,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +303-transmission-2,303,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib984,no +303-vitality-2,303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib984,no +303-LEI-3,303,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +303-vitality-3,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +303-LEI-4,303,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,yes +303-transmission-4,303,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib998,yes +303-vitality-4,303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib998,yes +303-LEI-5,303,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +303-vitality-5,303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no 3032-location-1,3032,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso. Also known by the name Arara do Rio Branco. The Rio Branco is a Tributary of the Rio Aripuan\u00e3 in the state of Mato Grosso. Coordinates give the location of the river."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.777, -59.398], [-10.315, -59.67]]}",,Mato Grosso State.,bib67,yes 3032-speakers-1,3032,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994 (ISA)""}",,"No known speakers. No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 150 (1994 ISA) (2016 unchanged).",bib67,yes 3032-LEI-1,3032,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,yes 3032-vitality-1,3032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,yes -3033-location-1,3033,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.651, -60.4138]]}",,,bib5307,no -3033-location-2,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Rondonia State, Area\nIndigena Tubarao-Latunde, Terra Indigena Kwaza do Rio Sao Pedro, Chupinguaia,Vilhena.""}",,,bib1903,no +3033-location-1,3033,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.651, -60.4138]]}",,,bib5330,no +3033-location-2,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Rondonia State, Area\nIndigena Tubarao-Latunde, Terra Indigena Kwaza do Rio Sao Pedro, Chupinguaia,Vilhena.""}",,,bib1915,no 3033-location-3,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"na Terra Indígena Kwazá do rio São Pedro -[In the Indigenous territory of São Pedro River].",bib8279,yes -3033-location-4,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +[In the Indigenous territory of São Pedro River].",bib8304,yes +3033-location-4,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3033-location-5,3033,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia; west of Vilhena, near Cuiabá-Porto Velho highway.",bib67,no -3033-speaker_number-1,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3033-speakers-1,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3033-speaker_number-2,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -3033-speakers-2,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no -3033-speaker_number-3,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,p.367,bib8279,yes -3033-speakers-3,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,p.367,bib8279,yes -3033-speaker_number-4,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -3033-speakers-4,3033,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +3033-speaker_number-1,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3033-speakers-1,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3033-speaker_number-2,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +3033-speakers-2,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no +3033-speaker_number-3,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,p.367,bib8304,yes +3033-speakers-3,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,p.367,bib8304,yes +3033-speaker_number-4,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +3033-speakers-4,3033,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 3033-speaker_number-5,3033,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,7 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 40 (2014),bib67,no 3033-speakers-5,3033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,7 (2010 SIL). Ethnic population: 40 (2014),bib67,no -3033-LEI-1,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3033-vitality-1,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3033-LEI-2,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3033-vitality-2,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -3033-LEI-3,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8279,yes -3033-vitality-3,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8279,yes -3033-LEI-4,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3033-vitality-4,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3033-LEI-1,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3033-vitality-1,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3033-LEI-2,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3033-vitality-2,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +3033-LEI-3,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8304,yes +3033-vitality-3,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8304,yes +3033-LEI-4,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3033-vitality-4,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3033-LEI-5,3033,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3033-vitality-5,3033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3034-context-1,3034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Azerbaijani"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""~81%%""}",,"In Qum, Azerbaijani is the main language in all domains, while the use of Tsakhur is limited. If Tsakhur is used at all, it is minimally used in the home. Some individuals also use it on the street... Recently both Tsakhur radio programs and newspapers have appeared in the areas where Tsakhurs live in Azerbaijan as well as in Dagestan.",bib4758,no -3034-context-2,3034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Russian""}",,In recent years Tsakhur has been studied as a subject in local schools.,bib6474,yes +3034-context-1,3034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Azerbaijani"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""~81%%""}",,"In Qum, Azerbaijani is the main language in all domains, while the use of Tsakhur is limited. If Tsakhur is used at all, it is minimally used in the home. Some individuals also use it on the street... Recently both Tsakhur radio programs and newspapers have appeared in the areas where Tsakhurs live in Azerbaijan as well as in Dagestan.",bib4780,no +3034-context-2,3034,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani, Russian""}",,In recent years Tsakhur has been studied as a subject in local schools.,bib6498,yes 3034-context-3,3034,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""literacy, administration""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3034-location-1,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Daghestan"", ""northern Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib7270,no -3034-location-2,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""There are over thirty Tsakhur villages (Schulze 1997) scattered from the Samur River valley in the Rutul district of Southern Dagestan in the north to the Azerbaijani districts of Zaqatala and Qax in the south. It has been claimed that close to two-thirds of the Tsakhur population lives in Azerbaijan. Schulze (1997) identifies nine villages in Azerbaijan where Tsakhurs constitute the majority of the population: A\u011fdam-Kalyal, Suvaqil, Karkay, Kalalu, Sabun\u00e7i, Alaskar, Mamrux, Gezbarax, and Mi\u015fle\u015f. All of these are in the district of Zaqatala. Significant numbers of Tsakhur are said to live in an additional sixteen ethnically mixed communities.""}",,,bib4758,no -3034-location-3,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan and southern Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in sixteen villages in Zakatala (Zaqatala) and Kakh (Qax) counties in Azerbaijan as well as in thirteen villages in Rutul County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3034-location-1,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Daghestan"", ""northern Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib7294,no +3034-location-2,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""There are over thirty Tsakhur villages (Schulze 1997) scattered from the Samur River valley in the Rutul district of Southern Dagestan in the north to the Azerbaijani districts of Zaqatala and Qax in the south. It has been claimed that close to two-thirds of the Tsakhur population lives in Azerbaijan. Schulze (1997) identifies nine villages in Azerbaijan where Tsakhurs constitute the majority of the population: A\u011fdam-Kalyal, Suvaqil, Karkay, Kalalu, Sabun\u00e7i, Alaskar, Mamrux, Gezbarax, and Mi\u015fle\u015f. All of these are in the district of Zaqatala. Significant numbers of Tsakhur are said to live in an additional sixteen ethnically mixed communities.""}",,,bib4780,no +3034-location-3,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan and southern Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in sixteen villages in Zakatala (Zaqatala) and Kakh (Qax) counties in Azerbaijan as well as in thirteen villages in Rutul County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3034-location-4,3034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.6666666667, 47.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3034-location-5,3034,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Azerbaijan. Russia: Southern Dagestan.""}",,,bib67,no -3034-location-6,3034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.6523, 46.9775]]}",,,bib5307,no +3034-location-6,3034,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.6523, 46.9775]]}",,,bib5330,no 3034-location-7,3034,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tsakhurs inhabit the mountains of the upper reaches of the River Samur in Dagestan.""}",,,bib213,no -3034-speaker_number-1,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7270,no -3034-speakers-1,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7270,no -3034-speaker_number-2,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 1989 Soviet census, there are 19,972 Tsakhur... In the 1989 Soviet census, 93% of Tsakhurs claimed to speak Tsakhur as their first language. A significant percentage, 6%, reported a language other than Russian or Tsakhur as their first language. We assume this is Azerbaijani.",bib4758,no -3034-speakers-2,3034,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""\""The actual number of Tsakhurs is most likely higher, possibly as high as 50,000 (Ibragimov 1990).\"""", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,972"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~7%%""}",,"According to the 1989 Soviet census, there are 19,972 Tsakhur... In the 1989 Soviet census, 93% of Tsakhurs claimed to speak Tsakhur as their first language. A significant percentage, 6%, reported a language other than Russian or Tsakhur as their first language. We assume this is Azerbaijani.",bib4758,no -3034-speaker_number-3,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3034-speakers-3,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3034-speaker_number-1,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7294,no +3034-speakers-1,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7294,no +3034-speaker_number-2,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 1989 Soviet census, there are 19,972 Tsakhur... In the 1989 Soviet census, 93% of Tsakhurs claimed to speak Tsakhur as their first language. A significant percentage, 6%, reported a language other than Russian or Tsakhur as their first language. We assume this is Azerbaijani.",bib4780,no +3034-speakers-2,3034,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""\""The actual number of Tsakhurs is most likely higher, possibly as high as 50,000 (Ibragimov 1990).\"""", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,972"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~7%%""}",,"According to the 1989 Soviet census, there are 19,972 Tsakhur... In the 1989 Soviet census, 93% of Tsakhurs claimed to speak Tsakhur as their first language. A significant percentage, 6%, reported a language other than Russian or Tsakhur as their first language. We assume this is Azerbaijani.",bib4780,no +3034-speaker_number-3,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3034-speakers-3,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3034-speaker_number-4,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). Ethnic population: 13,318 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). 9,770 in Russian Federation (2002 census)",bib67,no 3034-speakers-4,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,843"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). Ethnic population: 13,318 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). 9,770 in Russian Federation (2002 census)",bib67,no -3034-speaker_number-5,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3034-speakers-5,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3034-speaker_number-5,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3034-speakers-5,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3034-speaker_number-6,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3034-speakers-6,3034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,073"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3034-speaker_number-7,3034,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1989, 95.2% of the ethnic population of 19,972 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 19,010.",bib213,no 3034-speakers-7,3034,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,972"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1989, 95.2% of the ethnic population of 19,972 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 19,010.",bib213,no -3034-LEI-1,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7270,no -3034-vitality-1,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7270,no -3034-LEI-2,3034,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4758,no -3034-transmission-2,3034,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4758,no -3034-domains_of_use-2,3034,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4758,no -3034-vitality-2,3034,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4758,no -3034-LEI-3,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are speakers.,bib6474,yes -3034-transmission-3,3034,transmission,1,transmission-1,Most children are speakers.,bib6474,yes -3034-speaker_number_trends-3,3034,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most children are speakers.,bib6474,yes -3034-vitality-3,3034,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most children are speakers.,bib6474,yes +3034-LEI-1,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7294,no +3034-vitality-1,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7294,no +3034-LEI-2,3034,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4780,no +3034-transmission-2,3034,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4780,no +3034-domains_of_use-2,3034,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4780,no +3034-vitality-2,3034,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Tsakhur language and people are under increasing influence from Azerbaijani... Everyone in Yeni Suvaqil and Ağyazi was reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. In Qum, everyone other than preschool and school-aged children was also reported to speak and understand Tsakhur perfectly. School-aged children in Qum were reported to have average proficiency in understanding and basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur, while preschool children were reported to have basic proficiency in understanding and less than basic proficiency in speaking Tsakhur. The only group reported to have any significant proficiency in reading or writing Tsakhur was school-aged children. They were reported to have basic levels of reading and writing in Tsakhur if they studied well... Three generalizations can be drawn about the state of Tsakhur in Azerbaijan. First, Tsakhur is losing its viability in some communities. There are two reasons for this: (i) a language shift towards Azerbaijani in some communities and (ii) a population movement away from some communities due to economic difficulties. Second, Tsakhur is very strong in some communities. In Yeni Suvaqil, for example, proficiency in Tsakhur is being maintained even in the younger generations, and Tsakhur is being used in all of the major domains of life except education. Third, Tsakhur is gaining prominence within the region. This can be seen in the growth of interest in Tsakhur-language study in school and the growing development of Tsakhur-language materials.",bib4780,no +3034-LEI-3,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children are speakers.,bib6498,yes +3034-transmission-3,3034,transmission,1,transmission-1,Most children are speakers.,bib6498,yes +3034-speaker_number_trends-3,3034,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most children are speakers.,bib6498,yes +3034-vitality-3,3034,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most children are speakers.,bib6498,yes 3034-LEI-4,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3034-vitality-4,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3034-LEI-5,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3034-vitality-5,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3034-LEI-5,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3034-vitality-5,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3034-LEI-6,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3034-vitality-6,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3034-LEI-7,3034,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3034-vitality-7,3034,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3038-context-1,3038,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, the last speakers being fully bilingual in Russian",bib6475,yes +3038-context-1,3038,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, the last speakers being fully bilingual in Russian",bib6499,yes 3038-context-2,3038,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3038-location-1,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Sikhote Alin mountain range, lower Amur, Khabarovsk region.""}",,,bib6474,no +3038-location-1,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""Sikhote Alin mountain range, lower Amur, Khabarovsk region.""}",,,bib6498,no 3038-location-2,3038,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.3333333333, 137.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3038-location-3,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3038-location-4,3038,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.1781, 139.7625]]}",,,bib5307,no -3038-location-5,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the northern section of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the lower Amur, within the Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6475,yes +3038-location-4,3038,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.1781, 139.7625]]}",,,bib5330,no +3038-location-5,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the northern section of the Sikhote Alin mountain range, to the east of the lower Amur, within the Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6499,yes 3038-location-6,3038,location,"{""Places"": [""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""The Orochi settlements are in the southern part of the Khabarovsk Area, more particularly on the lower reaches of the River Tumnin (Usjka, Usjka-Russkaya) and on the Amur and Kopp rivers. In this wide area between the Lower Amur and the Tatarsk Strait there used to be numerous small Orochi settlements for winter and summer use, divided into five territorial groups.""}",,,bib213,no -3038-speakers-1,3038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989""}",,,bib6474,no +3038-speakers-1,3038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989""}",,,bib6498,no 3038-speaker_number-2,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3038-speakers-2,3038,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""686"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3038-speaker_number-3,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3038-speakers-3,3038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3038-speaker_number-4,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Among the languages of the 26 so-called ""Peoples of the Far North"" in Russia, Oroch has the smallest proportion of native speakers (approx. 20 per cent) in relation to the corresponding ethnic group.",bib6475,yes -3038-speakers-4,3038,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Among the languages of the 26 so-called ""Peoples of the Far North"" in Russia, Oroch has the smallest proportion of native speakers (approx. 20 per cent) in relation to the corresponding ethnic group.",bib6475,yes +3038-speaker_number-3,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3038-speakers-3,3038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3038-speaker_number-4,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Among the languages of the 26 so-called ""Peoples of the Far North"" in Russia, Oroch has the smallest proportion of native speakers (approx. 20 per cent) in relation to the corresponding ethnic group.",bib6499,yes +3038-speakers-4,3038,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~900"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Among the languages of the 26 so-called ""Peoples of the Far North"" in Russia, Oroch has the smallest proportion of native speakers (approx. 20 per cent) in relation to the corresponding ethnic group.",bib6499,yes 3038-speaker_number-5,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3038-speakers-5,3038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3038-speaker_number-6,3038,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1979, it was reported that 40.7%% of the ethnic population were native speakers, which is approximately 480.",bib213,no 3038-speakers-6,3038,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1979, it was reported that 40.7%% of the ethnic population were native speakers, which is approximately 480.",bib213,no -3038-LEI-1,3038,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6474,no -3038-transmission-1,3038,transmission,4,transmission-4,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6474,no -3038-vitality-1,3038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6474,no +3038-LEI-1,3038,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6498,no +3038-transmission-1,3038,transmission,4,transmission-4,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6498,no +3038-vitality-1,3038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Reported that 20%% of the ethnic population are native speakers.,bib6498,no 3038-LEI-2,3038,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3038-vitality-2,3038,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3038-LEI-3,3038,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3038-vitality-3,3038,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3038-LEI-4,3038,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -3038-transmission-4,3038,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,yes -3038-speaker_number_trends-4,3038,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -3038-vitality-4,3038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +3038-LEI-3,3038,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3038-vitality-3,3038,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3038-LEI-4,3038,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +3038-transmission-4,3038,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,yes +3038-speaker_number_trends-4,3038,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +3038-vitality-4,3038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 3038-LEI-5,3038,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3038-vitality-5,3038,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3038-LEI-6,3038,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3038-domains_of_use-6,3038,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 3038-vitality-6,3038,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -3039-context-1,3039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6474,yes +3039-context-1,3039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6498,yes 3039-context-2,3039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib67,no 3039-context-3,3039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3039-location-1,3039,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Tindi, Angida,\nAknada, Echeda and Tissi in Tsumada County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3039-location-1,3039,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Tindi, Angida,\nAknada, Echeda and Tissi in Tsumada County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3039-location-2,3039,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.3666666667, 46.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3039-location-3,3039,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Dagestan""}",,,bib67,no -3039-location-4,3039,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.466, 46.1453]]}",,,bib5307,no +3039-location-4,3039,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.466, 46.1453]]}",,,bib5330,no 3039-location-5,3039,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tindis live in the mountain areas of the northwestern part of southern Dagestan. They inhabit five villages on the middle reaches of the River Andi-Koisu and in the adjacent mountains. The villages are called Tindi (native name Idari or Idi), Angida (Angia), Aknada (Agjinachi), Echeda (Echeii) and Tissi (Issi or Milchi).""}",,,bib213,no -3039-speaker_number-1,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3039-speakers-1,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3039-speaker_number-1,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3039-speakers-1,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3039-speaker_number-2,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3039-speakers-2,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3039-speaker_number-3,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3039-speakers-3,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3039-speaker_number-3,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3039-speakers-3,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3039-speaker_number-4,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3039-speakers-4,3039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,693"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3039-speaker_number-5,3039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1926 95%% of the ethnic population of 3,812, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 3,620. And then in 1967 T. Gudava reported the ethnic population as 5,000.",bib213,no 3039-speakers-5,3039,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,812"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1926"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1926 95%% of the ethnic population of 3,812, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 3,620. And then in 1967 T. Gudava reported the ethnic population as 5,000.",bib213,no -3039-LEI-1,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Relatively few child speakers.,bib6474,yes -3039-vitality-1,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Relatively few child speakers.,bib6474,yes +3039-LEI-1,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Relatively few child speakers.,bib6498,yes +3039-vitality-1,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Relatively few child speakers.,bib6498,yes 3039-LEI-2,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3039-vitality-2,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3039-LEI-3,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3039-vitality-3,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3039-LEI-3,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3039-vitality-3,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3039-LEI-4,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3039-vitality-4,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3039-LEI-5,3039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3039-vitality-5,3039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -304-location-1,304,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.9482, 10.9698]]}",,,bib5307,no -304-location-2,304,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ndunda is a village some 5km. from Yerimaru, past Kakara on the tea estate road south of Zongo Ajiya.""}",,,bib980,no -304-location-3,304,location,"{""Description"": ""Ndunda village, south of Zongo Ajiya""}",,,bib994,yes -304-speaker_number-1,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -304-speakers-1,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -304-speaker_number-2,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib980,no -304-speakers-2,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib980,no -304-speaker_number-3,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,yes -304-speakers-3,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,yes -304-speaker_number-4,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1785,no -304-speakers-4,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1785,no -304-LEI-1,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -304-vitality-1,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -304-LEI-2,304,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib980,no -304-transmission-2,304,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib980,no -304-vitality-2,304,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib980,no -304-LEI-3,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,yes -304-vitality-3,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,yes -304-LEI-4,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.'",bib1785,no -304-vitality-4,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.'",bib1785,no -3040-context-1,3040,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2541,no +304-location-1,304,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.9482, 10.9698]]}",,,bib5330,no +304-location-2,304,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ndunda is a village some 5km. from Yerimaru, past Kakara on the tea estate road south of Zongo Ajiya.""}",,,bib984,no +304-location-3,304,location,"{""Description"": ""Ndunda village, south of Zongo Ajiya""}",,,bib998,yes +304-speaker_number-1,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +304-speakers-1,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +304-speaker_number-2,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib984,no +304-speakers-2,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib984,no +304-speaker_number-3,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,yes +304-speakers-3,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,yes +304-speaker_number-4,304,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1797,no +304-speakers-4,304,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1797,no +304-LEI-1,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +304-vitality-1,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +304-LEI-2,304,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib984,no +304-transmission-2,304,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib984,no +304-vitality-2,304,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is also alive and well although the Ndunda settlement is much more ethnically homogenous than Zongo Ajiya.,bib984,no +304-LEI-3,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,yes +304-vitality-3,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,yes +304-LEI-4,304,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.'",bib1797,no +304-vitality-4,304,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.'",bib1797,no +3040-context-1,3040,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2554,no 3040-location-1,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[54.38, -129.52]]}",,,bib73,yes -3040-location-2,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +3040-location-2,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 3040-location-3,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[52.5, -129.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3040-location-4,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"Only locations in Canada: 6 communities in British Columbia: Gitxaala Nation @@ -32027,694 +32213,694 @@ Kitselas First Nation Kitsumkalum Band Council Lax Kw'alaams Band Metlakatla Governing Council -Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no -3040-location-5,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,no +Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2554,no +3040-location-5,3040,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,no 3040-speaker_number-1,3040,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/smalgyax,bib73,yes 3040-speakers-1,3040,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""48"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""275""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/smalgyax,bib73,yes -3040-speaker_number-2,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -3040-speakers-2,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2984,no -3040-speaker_number-3,3040,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,numbers only for British Columbia,bib1282,no -3040-speakers-3,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""130""}",,numbers only for British Columbia,bib1282,no -3040-speaker_number-4,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Figures for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2541,no -3040-speakers-4,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""685""}",,Figures for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2541,no -3040-speaker_number-5,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. In the Canadian communities it is estimated that there are between 250 and 400 fluent speakers of Coast Tsimshian out of a total population of 6780, almost none under 40. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay, where perhaps one person in five is fluent, although most are age 50 or older. Of the 1,300 Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5217,no -3040-speakers-5,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320-470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. In the Canadian communities it is estimated that there are between 250 and 400 fluent speakers of Coast Tsimshian out of a total population of 6780, almost none under 40. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay, where perhaps one person in five is fluent, although most are age 50 or older. Of the 1,300 Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5217,no -3040-speaker_number-6,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"30 Alaska, <400 Canada. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 3,200 Canada.",bib1574,no -3040-speakers-6,3040,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"30 Alaska, <400 Canada. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 3,200 Canada.",bib1574,no -3040-speaker_number-7,3040,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -3040-speakers-7,3040,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,125"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""79 fluent and 124 semi-speakers. 748 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""124"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""748""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +3040-speaker_number-2,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +3040-speakers-2,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2998,no +3040-speaker_number-3,3040,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,numbers only for British Columbia,bib1291,no +3040-speakers-3,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""130""}",,numbers only for British Columbia,bib1291,no +3040-speaker_number-4,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Figures for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2554,no +3040-speakers-4,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""685""}",,Figures for speakers in British Columbia only.,bib2554,no +3040-speaker_number-5,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. In the Canadian communities it is estimated that there are between 250 and 400 fluent speakers of Coast Tsimshian out of a total population of 6780, almost none under 40. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay, where perhaps one person in five is fluent, although most are age 50 or older. Of the 1,300 Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5240,no +3040-speakers-5,3040,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320-470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Two deeply-differentiated dialects, or possibly emergent languages. Southern Tsimshian (or Sküüxs), originally spoken along the coast south of the Skeena River and on a few islands, now has only one fully fluent speaker, who lives in the village of Klemtu on Swindle Island. Coast Tsimshian (often referred to simply as Tsimshian), is spoken near Terrace on the lower Skeena River and on the coast near the Skeena estuary, as well as at one location in southern Alaska. In the Canadian communities it is estimated that there are between 250 and 400 fluent speakers of Coast Tsimshian out of a total population of 6780, almost none under 40. The highest proportion of speakers is in Kitkatla and Hartley Bay, where perhaps one person in five is fluent, although most are age 50 or older. Of the 1,300 Coast Tsimshians currently living at Metlakatla, about 70 of the most elderly speak the language.",bib5240,no +3040-speaker_number-6,3040,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"30 Alaska, <400 Canada. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 3,200 Canada.",bib1586,no +3040-speakers-6,3040,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"30 Alaska, <400 Canada. Population: 1,400 Alaska, 3,200 Canada.",bib1586,no +3040-speaker_number-7,3040,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +3040-speakers-7,3040,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,125"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""79 fluent and 124 semi-speakers. 748 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""124"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""748""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 3040-LEI-1,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 3040-transmission-1,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 3040-speaker_number_trends-1,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes 3040-vitality-1,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib73,yes -3040-LEI-2,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -3040-transmission-2,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -3040-vitality-2,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no -3040-LEI-3,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1282,no -3040-transmission-3,3040,transmission,4,transmission-4,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1282,no -3040-speaker_number_trends-3,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1282,no -3040-vitality-3,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1282,no -3040-LEI-4,3040,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2541,no -3040-transmission-4,3040,transmission,4,transmission-4,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2541,no -3040-speaker_number_trends-4,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2541,no -3040-vitality-4,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2541,no -3040-LEI-5,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -3040-transmission-5,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -3040-domains_of_use-5,3040,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -3040-speaker_number_trends-5,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -3040-vitality-5,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no -3040-LEI-6,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,no -3040-transmission-6,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1574,no -3040-speaker_number_trends-6,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,no -3040-vitality-6,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1574,no -3041-context-1,3041,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijan""}",,,bib6474,yes +3040-LEI-2,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +3040-transmission-2,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +3040-vitality-2,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no +3040-LEI-3,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1291,no +3040-transmission-3,3040,transmission,4,transmission-4,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1291,no +3040-speaker_number_trends-3,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1291,no +3040-vitality-3,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,".7% native speakers, 1.6% semispeakers, 7.6% language learners",bib1291,no +3040-LEI-4,3040,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2554,no +3040-transmission-4,3040,transmission,4,transmission-4,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2554,no +3040-speaker_number_trends-4,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2554,no +3040-vitality-4,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"1.7% fluent speakers, 10.8% semispeakers, 3.9% learners.",bib2554,no +3040-LEI-5,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +3040-transmission-5,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +3040-domains_of_use-5,3040,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +3040-speaker_number_trends-5,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +3040-vitality-5,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no +3040-LEI-6,3040,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,no +3040-transmission-6,3040,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1586,no +3040-speaker_number_trends-6,3040,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,no +3040-vitality-6,3040,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1586,no +3041-context-1,3041,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijan""}",,,bib6498,yes 3041-context-2,3041,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schooling is conducted in the Azerbaijani language.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib213,no -3041-location-1,3041,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Syazan, Divichinsk, Kuba,\nKonakhkend, Semakh and Ismail regions in the northeast of Azerbaijan as well as on Apsheron peninsula and Baku.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3041-location-1,3041,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northern Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Syazan, Divichinsk, Kuba,\nKonakhkend, Semakh and Ismail regions in the northeast of Azerbaijan as well as on Apsheron peninsula and Baku.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3041-location-2,3041,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.25, 48.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3041-location-3,3041,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tats live in Transcaucasia, in the districts of Siazan, Divichin, Kuba, Konakhkent, Shemakha and Ismaillin, in the city of Baku and on the peninsula of Apsheron, all mainly in the northeast of Azerbaijan.""}",,,bib213,no 3041-location-4,3041,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Azerbaijan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Azerbaijan: Widelspread in the mountainous area around Qonaqkend, but may be declining around Baku. Russia: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); large community in Moscow""}",,,bib67,no 3041-speaker_number-1,3041,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3041-speakers-1,3041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3041-speaker_number-2,3041,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3041-speakers-2,3041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3041-speaker_number-2,3041,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3041-speakers-2,3041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3041-speaker_number-3,3041,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1979 67.4%% of the ethnic population of 22,441, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 15,120.",bib213,no 3041-speakers-3,3041,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,441"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1979 67.4%% of the ethnic population of 22,441, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 15,120.",bib213,no 3041-speaker_number-4,3041,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"18,000 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). 2,300 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Ethnic population: 22,041 in Azerbaijan (A. Kibrik 1990).",bib67,no 3041-speakers-4,3041,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"18,000 in Azerbaijan (1989 census). 2,300 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Ethnic population: 22,041 in Azerbaijan (A. Kibrik 1990).",bib67,no 3041-LEI-1,3041,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3041-vitality-1,3041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3041-LEI-2,3041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6474,yes -3041-domains_of_use-2,3041,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6474,yes -3041-speaker_number_trends-2,3041,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6474,yes -3041-vitality-2,3041,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6474,yes +3041-LEI-2,3041,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6498,yes +3041-domains_of_use-2,3041,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6498,yes +3041-speaker_number_trends-2,3041,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6498,yes +3041-vitality-2,3041,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The speakers of Tat in Azerbaijan use Azerbaijani in school and for wider communication.,bib6498,yes 3041-LEI-3,3041,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3041-vitality-3,3041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 3041-LEI-4,3041,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3041-vitality-4,3041,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3042-context-1,3042,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,,bib6474,no -3042-context-2,3042,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""education, administration""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7188,yes -3042-location-1,3042,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northwestern Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area known as Svanetia,\nmainly within Mestiya and Lentekhi counties in Georgia, and possibly in small enclaves in the adjacent regions in the Kabard-Balkar Republic in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,no +3042-context-1,3042,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian""}",,,bib6498,no +3042-context-2,3042,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""education, administration""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Georgian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7212,yes +3042-location-1,3042,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: northwestern Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area known as Svanetia,\nmainly within Mestiya and Lentekhi counties in Georgia, and possibly in small enclaves in the adjacent regions in the Kabard-Balkar Republic in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,no 3042-location-2,3042,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0, 42.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3042-location-3,3042,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""Svantetia region""}",,,bib67,no -3042-location-4,3042,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0207, 42.3193]]}",,,bib5307,no -3042-location-5,3042,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""High mountain region of North West Georgia along the gorges of the rivers Enguri, Cxenis-cqali and Kodori""}",,,bib7188,yes -3042-speaker_number-1,3042,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers is usually given as 40,000, but in reality it may be down to a few thousand, because many people who have shifted to the closely related Georgian still claim Svan ethnicity.",bib6474,no -3042-speakers-1,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers is usually given as 40,000, but in reality it may be down to a few thousand, because many people who have shifted to the closely related Georgian still claim Svan ethnicity.",bib6474,no +3042-location-4,3042,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0207, 42.3193]]}",,,bib5330,no +3042-location-5,3042,location,"{""Places"": [""Georgia""], ""Description"": ""High mountain region of North West Georgia along the gorges of the rivers Enguri, Cxenis-cqali and Kodori""}",,,bib7212,yes +3042-speaker_number-1,3042,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers is usually given as 40,000, but in reality it may be down to a few thousand, because many people who have shifted to the closely related Georgian still claim Svan ethnicity.",bib6498,no +3042-speakers-1,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers is usually given as 40,000, but in reality it may be down to a few thousand, because many people who have shifted to the closely related Georgian still claim Svan ethnicity.",bib6498,no 3042-speaker_number-2,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number and ethnic population data (A. Kibrik 2000),bib67,no 3042-speakers-2,3042,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data (A. Kibrik 2000),bib67,no -3042-speaker_number-3,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3042-speakers-3,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3042-speaker_number-4,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In most recent statistics (1997): Upper Svan dialects ~15,000, Lower Svan dialects <12,000, Kodori region speakers ~2,500",bib7188,yes -3042-speakers-4,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In most recent statistics (1997): Upper Svan dialects ~15,000, Lower Svan dialects <12,000, Kodori region speakers ~2,500",bib7188,yes +3042-speaker_number-3,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3042-speakers-3,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3042-speaker_number-4,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In most recent statistics (1997): Upper Svan dialects ~15,000, Lower Svan dialects <12,000, Kodori region speakers ~2,500",bib7212,yes +3042-speakers-4,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In most recent statistics (1997): Upper Svan dialects ~15,000, Lower Svan dialects <12,000, Kodori region speakers ~2,500",bib7212,yes 3042-speaker_number-5,3042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3042-speakers-5,3042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3042-LEI-1,3042,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -3042-domains_of_use-1,3042,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -3042-speaker_number_trends-1,3042,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no -3042-vitality-1,3042,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6474,no +3042-LEI-1,3042,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +3042-domains_of_use-1,3042,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +3042-speaker_number_trends-1,3042,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no +3042-vitality-1,3042,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"While the situation is poorly known, it is possible that there are very few child speakers left. There are certainly some younger speakers, but most speakers appear to be middle-aged or older.",bib6498,no 3042-LEI-2,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3042-vitality-2,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3042-LEI-3,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3042-vitality-3,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3042-LEI-4,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7188,yes -3042-vitality-4,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7188,yes +3042-LEI-3,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3042-vitality-3,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3042-LEI-4,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7212,yes +3042-vitality-4,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7212,yes 3042-LEI-5,3042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3042-vitality-5,3042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3043-context-1,3043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese and Russian""}",,,bib6474,no +3043-context-1,3043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese and Russian""}",,,bib6498,no 3043-context-2,3043,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In the past, dialectal differences existed depending on speakers' geographical location. There used to be high multilingualism among the Uilta. In general, Ainu used to be a local lingua franca in the mid 19th century, but it is unclear whether the southern Uilta were capable of speaking Ainu. The nothern Uilta might be able to speak Nivkh before the 20th century. The Uilta were also in a long term contact with the Evenki in terms of economy and culture. -During the WWII, the northern Uilta had to learn Russian in school whereas the southern group were influenced by Japanese. After the WWII, the island has been governed by the URSS, leading to language shift to Russian among the indigenous groups (""Russification""). A small portion of the southern Uilta had moved to Hokkaido (Japan) but they failed to pass down Uilta to the following generations.",bib7959,no -3043-context-3,3043,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Less than 10% of the population speak Orok. The rest have shifted to Russian.,bib7439,no -3043-context-4,3043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Japanese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, the last speakers being fully bilingual in Russian",bib6475,yes +During the WWII, the northern Uilta had to learn Russian in school whereas the southern group were influenced by Japanese. After the WWII, the island has been governed by the URSS, leading to language shift to Russian among the indigenous groups (""Russification""). A small portion of the southern Uilta had moved to Hokkaido (Japan) but they failed to pass down Uilta to the following generations.",bib7984,no +3043-context-3,3043,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Less than 10% of the population speak Orok. The rest have shifted to Russian.,bib7463,no +3043-context-4,3043,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Japanese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: rapidly deteriorating, the last speakers being fully bilingual in Russian",bib6499,yes 3043-context-5,3043,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3043-location-1,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""]}",,,bib6474,no -3043-location-2,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Sakhalin, Russia""], ""Description"": ""the north-eastern part of Sakhalin"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.341, 143.091], [49.402, 143.669], [49.32, 142.947]]}",,Nogliki District (mostly in the village of Val and the town of Nogliki) and Poronaisk District,bib7959,no +3043-location-1,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia, Russian Federation""]}",,,bib6498,no +3043-location-2,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Sakhalin, Russia""], ""Description"": ""the north-eastern part of Sakhalin"", ""Coordinates"": [[52.341, 143.091], [49.402, 143.669], [49.32, 142.947]]}",,Nogliki District (mostly in the village of Val and the town of Nogliki) and Poronaisk District,bib7984,no 3043-location-3,3043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.5, 143.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3043-location-4,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""Japan""]}",,,bib67,no -3043-location-5,3043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.3437, 143.0557]]}",,,bib5307,no -3043-location-6,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Sakhalin Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.844, 142.9]]}",,,bib7439,no -3043-location-7,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Japan""], ""Description"": ""In the central part of Sakhalin, within Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; there used to be Orok speakers also in the southern part of the island (Karafuto), from where individuals were evacuated (after 1945) to Hokkaido, Japan; the descendants of this small emigrant population have by now lost the Orok language.""}",,,bib6475,yes +3043-location-5,3043,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.3437, 143.0557]]}",,,bib5330,no +3043-location-6,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""the Sakhalin Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.844, 142.9]]}",,,bib7463,no +3043-location-7,3043,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Japan""], ""Description"": ""In the central part of Sakhalin, within Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; there used to be Orok speakers also in the southern part of the island (Karafuto), from where individuals were evacuated (after 1945) to Hokkaido, Japan; the descendants of this small emigrant population have by now lost the Orok language.""}",,,bib6499,yes 3043-location-8,3043,location,"{""Description"": ""The Oroks live in the northern part of Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk, and in the Poronai District in the south of the island.""}",,,bib213,no -3043-speaker_number-1,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,no -3043-speakers-1,3043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6474,no +3043-speaker_number-1,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,no +3043-speakers-1,3043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6498,no 3043-speaker_number-2,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""Ozolinja (2002:144-145) reported the following figures according to the estimated data available in September 2000. ・ Ca.10 persons: active speakers (who actively produce folklore; with slight knowledge of Russian) ・ 16 persons:conditionally bilingual (who speak Uilta depending on the circumstances; without knowledge of folklore; with good knowledge of Russian; all aged over 50) -・ 24 persons: passive speakers (who understand with the aid of communication in Russian)."" (p. 70)",bib7959,no +・ 24 persons: passive speakers (who understand with the aid of communication in Russian)."" (p. 70)",bib7984,no 3043-speakers-2,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""87 (as of 2005) estimated by the Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd. (SEIC)"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""24""}",,"""Ozolinja (2002:144-145) reported the following figures according to the estimated data available in September 2000. ・ Ca.10 persons: active speakers (who actively produce folklore; with slight knowledge of Russian) ・ 16 persons:conditionally bilingual (who speak Uilta depending on the circumstances; without knowledge of folklore; with good knowledge of Russian; all aged over 50) -・ 24 persons: passive speakers (who understand with the aid of communication in Russian)."" (p. 70)",bib7959,no +・ 24 persons: passive speakers (who understand with the aid of communication in Russian)."" (p. 70)",bib7984,no 3043-speaker_number-3,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,64 in Russian Federation. Population total all countries: 67. Ethnic population: 346.,bib67,no 3043-speakers-3,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""346"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""67"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,64 in Russian Federation. Population total all countries: 67. Ethnic population: 346.,bib67,no -3043-speaker_number-4,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3043-speakers-4,3043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3043-speaker_number-5,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7439,no -3043-speakers-5,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16-25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7439,no -3043-speaker_number-6,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6475,yes -3043-speakers-6,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~180"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6475,yes +3043-speaker_number-4,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3043-speakers-4,3043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3043-speaker_number-5,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7463,no +3043-speakers-5,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16-25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7463,no +3043-speaker_number-6,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6499,yes +3043-speakers-6,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~180"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6499,yes 3043-speaker_number-7,3043,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3043-speakers-7,3043,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3043-speakers-8,3043,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""190"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989""}",,,bib213,no -3043-LEI-1,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3043-transmission-1,3043,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -3043-vitality-1,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no -3043-LEI-2,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7959,no -3043-transmission-2,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7959,no -3043-speaker_number_trends-2,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7959,no -3043-vitality-2,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7959,no +3043-LEI-1,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3043-transmission-1,3043,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +3043-vitality-1,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no +3043-LEI-2,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7984,no +3043-transmission-2,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7984,no +3043-speaker_number_trends-2,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7984,no +3043-vitality-2,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,This language is not passing down to children.,bib7984,no 3043-LEI-3,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3043-vitality-3,3043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3043-LEI-4,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3043-vitality-4,3043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3043-LEI-5,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7439,no -3043-transmission-5,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7439,no -3043-speaker_number_trends-5,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7439,no -3043-vitality-5,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7439,no -3043-LEI-6,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -3043-transmission-6,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -3043-speaker_number_trends-6,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -3043-vitality-6,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +3043-LEI-4,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3043-vitality-4,3043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3043-LEI-5,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7463,no +3043-transmission-5,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7463,no +3043-speaker_number_trends-5,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7463,no +3043-vitality-5,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7463,no +3043-LEI-6,3043,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +3043-transmission-6,3043,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +3043-speaker_number_trends-6,3043,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +3043-vitality-6,3043,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 3043-LEI-7,3043,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3043-vitality-7,3043,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3044-context-2,3044,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Under increasing interference from Russian, the universal second language of the speakers; triggered by both social and ecological problems, there is, however, a current rise of nationalism, which may improve the position of the native language",bib6475,yes -3044-location-1,3044,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central and southwestern river valleys of the Altay area in southern Siberia.""}",,,bib6474,no +3044-context-2,3044,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Under increasing interference from Russian, the universal second language of the speakers; triggered by both social and ecological problems, there is, however, a current rise of nationalism, which may improve the position of the native language",bib6499,yes +3044-location-1,3044,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central and southwestern river valleys of the Altay area in southern Siberia.""}",,,bib6498,no 3044-location-2,3044,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.0, 87.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3044-location-3,3044,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3044-location-4,3044,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.069, 86.5942]]}",,,bib5307,no -3044-location-5,3044,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the central and southwestern river valleys of the Altai region (Russian Altai), mainly within the Altai (Gorno-Altai) Republic, southern Siberia""}",,,bib6475,yes -3044-speaker_number-1,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Combined figure of both Southern and Northern Altay.,bib6474,no -3044-speakers-1,3044,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Combined figure of both Southern and Northern Altay.,bib6474,no +3044-location-4,3044,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.069, 86.5942]]}",,,bib5330,no +3044-location-5,3044,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the central and southwestern river valleys of the Altai region (Russian Altai), mainly within the Altai (Gorno-Altai) Republic, southern Siberia""}",,,bib6499,yes +3044-speaker_number-1,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Combined figure of both Southern and Northern Altay.,bib6498,no +3044-speakers-1,3044,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Combined figure of both Southern and Northern Altay.,bib6498,no 3044-speaker_number-2,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from (1993 J. Janhunen). Data for the ethnic population includes ""Northern Altai [atv] but excluding 2,399 Talangits and 2,650 Teleuts, 2002 census.""",bib67,no 3044-speakers-2,3044,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""67,239"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from (1993 J. Janhunen). Data for the ethnic population includes ""Northern Altai [atv] but excluding 2,399 Talangits and 2,650 Teleuts, 2002 census.""",bib67,no -3044-speaker_number-3,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3044-speakers-3,3044,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3044-speaker_number-4,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6475,yes -3044-speakers-4,3044,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6475,yes +3044-speaker_number-3,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3044-speakers-3,3044,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3044-speaker_number-4,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6499,yes +3044-speakers-4,3044,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6499,yes 3044-speaker_number-5,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3044-speakers-5,3044,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3044-speaker_number-6,3044,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Source: According to the 1959 census the Altaics numbered either 44,654 or 45,300 (according to different sources), 88.7 %% of whom were native speakers. According to the 1979 census data the total number of Altaics was approximately 60,000 of whom 50,203 lived in the autonomous region.",bib213,no 3044-speakers-6,3044,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Source: According to the 1959 census the Altaics numbered either 44,654 or 45,300 (according to different sources), 88.7 %% of whom were native speakers. According to the 1979 census data the total number of Altaics was approximately 60,000 of whom 50,203 lived in the autonomous region.",bib213,no -3044-LEI-1,3044,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3044-transmission-1,3044,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,no -3044-speaker_number_trends-1,3044,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6474,no -3044-vitality-1,3044,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,no +3044-LEI-1,3044,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3044-transmission-1,3044,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,no +3044-speaker_number_trends-1,3044,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6498,no +3044-vitality-1,3044,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,no 3044-LEI-2,3044,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3044-vitality-2,3044,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3044-LEI-3,3044,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3044-vitality-3,3044,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3044-LEI-4,3044,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -3044-transmission-4,3044,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6475,yes -3044-speaker_number_trends-4,3044,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6475,yes -3044-vitality-4,3044,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +3044-LEI-3,3044,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3044-vitality-3,3044,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3044-LEI-4,3044,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +3044-transmission-4,3044,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6499,yes +3044-speaker_number_trends-4,3044,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6499,yes +3044-vitality-4,3044,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 3044-LEI-5,3044,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3044-vitality-5,3044,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3044-LEI-6,3044,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3044-vitality-6,3044,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 3046-context-1,3046,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools, literature""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani and Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3046-location-1,3046,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia""]}",,,bib6474,yes +3046-location-1,3046,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia""]}",,,bib6498,yes 3046-location-2,3046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5, 47.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3046-location-3,3046,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3046-location-4,3046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5332, 47.3181]]}",,,bib5307,no +3046-location-4,3046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5332, 47.3181]]}",,,bib5330,no 3046-location-5,3046,location,"{""Description"": ""The Rutuls live in 20 villages of the Rutul District on the upper reaches of the River Samur in South Dagestan.""}",,,bib213,no -3046-speaker_number-1,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3046-speakers-1,3046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3046-speaker_number-1,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3046-speakers-1,3046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3046-speaker_number-2,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"29,400 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Population total all countries: 29,510. Ethnic population: 29,929 in Russia (2002 Census).",bib67,no 3046-speakers-2,3046,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""29,929"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"29,400 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Population total all countries: 29,510. Ethnic population: 29,929 in Russia (2002 Census).",bib67,no -3046-speaker_number-3,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3046-speakers-3,3046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,383"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3046-speaker_number-3,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3046-speakers-3,3046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,383"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3046-speaker_number-4,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3046-speakers-4,3046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,111"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3046-speaker_number-5,3046,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"It was reported, in 1989, that 94.8%% of the 20,388 ethnic population are native speakers, which is approximately 19,320.",bib213,no 3046-speakers-5,3046,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,388"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"It was reported, in 1989, that 94.8%% of the 20,388 ethnic population are native speakers, which is approximately 19,320.",bib213,no -3046-LEI-1,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3046-transmission-1,3046,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -3046-vitality-1,3046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3046-LEI-1,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3046-transmission-1,3046,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +3046-vitality-1,3046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3046-LEI-2,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3046-vitality-2,3046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3046-LEI-3,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3046-vitality-3,3046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3046-LEI-3,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3046-vitality-3,3046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3046-LEI-4,3046,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3046-vitality-4,3046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3046-LEI-5,3046,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3046-domains_of_use-5,3046,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 3046-vitality-5,3046,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -3047-location-1,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland, Russia""]}",,,bib6593,no -3047-location-2,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland and Kola peninsula""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Sevettij\u00e4rvi region in Inari County in Lapland Province in Finland"", ""Coordinates"": [[69.505596, 28.592182]]}",,,bib6474,yes +3047-location-1,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland, Russia""]}",,,bib6617,no +3047-location-2,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland and Kola peninsula""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Sevettij\u00e4rvi region in Inari County in Lapland Province in Finland"", ""Coordinates"": [[69.505596, 28.592182]]}",,,bib6498,yes 3047-location-3,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland"", ""Russia"", ""Norway""]}",,,bib67,no -3047-location-4,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Murmansk oblast, mainland near Kola Peninsula""}",,,bib7817,no -3047-location-5,3047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[69.5333, 28.6269]]}",,,bib5307,no -3047-speaker_number-1,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300-500 in Finland, <20 in Russian Federation",bib6593,no -3047-speakers-1,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"300-500 in Finland, <20 in Russian Federation",bib6593,no -3047-speaker_number-2,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -3047-speakers-2,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3047-location-4,3047,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland, Russia""], ""Description"": ""Murmansk oblast, mainland near Kola Peninsula""}",,,bib7842,no +3047-location-5,3047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[69.5333, 28.6269]]}",,,bib5330,no +3047-speaker_number-1,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300-500 in Finland, <20 in Russian Federation",bib6617,no +3047-speakers-1,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"300-500 in Finland, <20 in Russian Federation",bib6617,no +3047-speaker_number-2,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +3047-speakers-2,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3047-speaker_number-3,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,400 in Finland (2001 census) ... Ethnic population: 500 in Finland (1995 M. Krauss).,bib67,no 3047-speakers-3,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,400 in Finland (2001 census) ... Ethnic population: 500 in Finland (1995 M. Krauss).,bib67,no -3047-speaker_number-4,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,...with the exception of only a few speakers Skolt Saami is spoken in a relatively compact area by approximately 300 Saami in Finland now.,bib7817,no -3047-speakers-4,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,...with the exception of only a few speakers Skolt Saami is spoken in a relatively compact area by approximately 300 Saami in Finland now.,bib7817,no -3047-speaker_number-5,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3047-speakers-5,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3047-speaker_number-4,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,...with the exception of only a few speakers Skolt Saami is spoken in a relatively compact area by approximately 300 Saami in Finland now.,bib7842,no +3047-speakers-4,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,...with the exception of only a few speakers Skolt Saami is spoken in a relatively compact area by approximately 300 Saami in Finland now.,bib7842,no +3047-speaker_number-5,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3047-speakers-5,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3047-speaker_number-6,3047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3047-speakers-6,3047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3047-LEI-1,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6593,no -3047-vitality-1,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6593,no -3047-LEI-2,3047,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6474,yes -3047-transmission-2,3047,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6474,yes -3047-speaker_number_trends-2,3047,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6474,yes -3047-vitality-2,3047,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6474,yes +3047-LEI-1,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6617,no +3047-vitality-1,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6617,no +3047-LEI-2,3047,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6498,yes +3047-transmission-2,3047,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6498,yes +3047-speaker_number_trends-2,3047,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6498,yes +3047-vitality-2,3047,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Finland, very few children learn the language, and in the Russian Federation, there are only elderly speakers.",bib6498,yes 3047-LEI-3,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3047-vitality-3,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3047-LEI-4,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7817,no -3047-vitality-4,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7817,no -3047-LEI-5,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3047-vitality-5,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3047-LEI-4,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7842,no +3047-vitality-4,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7842,no +3047-LEI-5,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3047-vitality-5,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3047-LEI-6,3047,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3047-vitality-6,3047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3048-context-2,3048,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""social communication, schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib213,no -3048-location-1,3048,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the rivers flowing from the southwestern slopes of the\nKuznetskiy Alatau mountains in the southern parts of Kemerovo Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3048-location-1,3048,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the rivers flowing from the southwestern slopes of the\nKuznetskiy Alatau mountains in the southern parts of Kemerovo Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3048-location-2,3048,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0, 88.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3048-location-3,3048,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Altai Krai, Khakass Ao and Gorno-Altai Ao, on River Tomy.""}",,,bib67,no -3048-location-4,3048,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0544, 87.7478]]}",,,bib5307,no +3048-location-4,3048,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0544, 87.7478]]}",,,bib5330,no 3048-location-5,3048,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The southern Shors live in Siberia, in the region of North Altai and Kuznetsk-Alatau, on the rivers Kondoma, Mrasu and Tom. It is a mountainous area (mountain taiga) in the heart of Kuzbas. Administratively, they belong to the Kemerovo region of the Russian Federation, Tashtagol. The habitat of the southern Shors borders on the autonomous provinces of Khakass and Mountain-Altai. The northern Shors work as miners in the Siberga coal mines in the Myshkovsk district of the Kemerovo region. Their central settlement is Chuvashka.""}",,,bib213,no -3048-speaker_number-1,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3048-speakers-1,3048,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3048-speaker_number-1,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3048-speakers-1,3048,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3048-speaker_number-2,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,50 monolinguals,bib67,no 3048-speakers-2,3048,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13, 975"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,50 monolinguals,bib67,no -3048-speaker_number-3,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3048-speakers-3,3048,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3048-speaker_number-3,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3048-speakers-3,3048,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3048-speaker_number-4,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3048-speakers-4,3048,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,446"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3048-speaker_number-5,3048,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 1989 56.7 %% of the ethnic population of 17,000 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 9,640.",bib213,no 3048-speakers-5,3048,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 1989 56.7 %% of the ethnic population of 17,000 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 9,640.",bib213,no 3048-LEI-1,3048,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are probably no child speakers, except possibly in a few rural families, -and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,yes +and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,yes 3048-transmission-1,3048,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are probably no child speakers, except possibly in a few rural families, -and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,yes +and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,yes 3048-speaker_number_trends-1,3048,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"There are probably no child speakers, except possibly in a few rural families, -and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,yes +and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,yes 3048-vitality-1,3048,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are probably no child speakers, except possibly in a few rural families, -and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6474,yes +and most speakers are middle-aged or older.",bib6498,yes 3048-LEI-2,3048,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3048-vitality-2,3048,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3048-LEI-3,3048,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3048-vitality-3,3048,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3048-LEI-3,3048,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3048-vitality-3,3048,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3048-LEI-4,3048,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3048-vitality-4,3048,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3048-LEI-5,3048,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3048-domains_of_use-5,3048,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib213,no 3048-vitality-5,3048,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -3049-location-1,3049,location,"{""Places"": [""Scotland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in rural areas of the Western Isles (Lewis, Harris, North Uist, South Uist, Barra) and Skye, and a few locations in the rest of the Inner Isles\nand the Highland mainland (mainly Sutherland, Ross and Cromarty, Inverness, and Argyll counties). Scottish Gaelic is also spoken elsewhere in Scotland, and by some speakers in immigrant communities in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island in Canada.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3049-location-1,3049,location,"{""Places"": [""Scotland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in rural areas of the Western Isles (Lewis, Harris, North Uist, South Uist, Barra) and Skye, and a few locations in the rest of the Inner Isles\nand the Highland mainland (mainly Sutherland, Ross and Cromarty, Inverness, and Argyll counties). Scottish Gaelic is also spoken elsewhere in Scotland, and by some speakers in immigrant communities in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island in Canada.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3049-location-2,3049,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.0, -4.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3049-location-3,3049,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Australia"", ""Canada"", ""United Kingdom""]}",,,bib67,no -3049-location-4,3049,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.1011, -6.7675]]}",,,bib5307,no -3049-speaker_number-1,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3049-speakers-1,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3049-location-4,3049,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.1011, -6.7675]]}",,,bib5330,no +3049-speaker_number-1,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3049-speakers-1,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3049-speaker_number-2,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"58,700 in United Kingdom (2003 census). Population total all countries: 66,780.",bib67,no 3049-speakers-2,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"58,700 in United Kingdom (2003 census). Population total all countries: 66,780.",bib67,no -3049-speaker_number-3,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3049-speakers-3,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,552"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3049-speaker_number-4,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4814,no -3049-speakers-4,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4814,no +3049-speaker_number-3,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3049-speakers-3,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,552"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3049-speaker_number-4,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4836,no +3049-speakers-4,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4836,no 3049-speaker_number-5,3049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3049-speakers-5,3049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3049-LEI-1,3049,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6474,yes -3049-transmission-1,3049,transmission,1,transmission-1,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6474,yes -3049-speaker_number_trends-1,3049,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6474,yes -3049-vitality-1,3049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6474,yes +3049-LEI-1,3049,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6498,yes +3049-transmission-1,3049,transmission,1,transmission-1,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6498,yes +3049-speaker_number_trends-1,3049,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6498,yes +3049-vitality-1,3049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A number of children learn the language, but there are serious problems in language maintenance even in the core areas.",bib6498,yes 3049-LEI-2,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3049-vitality-2,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3049-LEI-3,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3049-vitality-3,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3049-LEI-4,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4814,no -3049-vitality-4,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4814,no +3049-LEI-3,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3049-vitality-3,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3049-LEI-4,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4836,no +3049-vitality-4,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4836,no 3049-LEI-5,3049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3049-vitality-5,3049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -305-context-1,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nkoroo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5471,yes -305-context-2,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd\u1ecd""}",,,bib980,no -305-context-3,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nkoroo, Igbo, Obolo, Kana""}",,,bib7615,no +305-context-1,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nkoroo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5494,yes +305-context-2,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd\u1ecd""}",,,bib984,no +305-context-3,305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nkoroo, Igbo, Obolo, Kana""}",,,bib7640,no 305-location-1,305,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.58333333333, 7.5]]}",,,bib216,no -305-location-2,305,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib5307,no -305-location-3,305,location,"{""Description"": ""Rivers State, Bonny LGA, ward of Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd town and \u1ecaw\u1ecdma Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd.""}",,,bib980,no -305-location-4,305,location,"{""Places"": [""Nkoroo town, Niger Delta, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7615,no -305-speaker_number-1,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Those [speakers] in direct contact with Nkoroo are losing their language,bib994,no -305-speakers-1,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Those [speakers] in direct contact with Nkoroo are losing their language,bib994,no -305-speaker_number-2,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -305-speakers-2,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -305-speaker_number-3,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5471,yes -305-speakers-3,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5471,yes -305-speakers-4,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200""}",,"Speaker number: ""ca. 200 [n.b. competence levels vary]""",bib980,no -305-speaker_number-5,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -305-speakers-5,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -305-LEI-1,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,no -305-vitality-1,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,no -305-LEI-2,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -305-vitality-2,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -305-LEI-3,305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5471,yes -305-domains_of_use-3,305,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5471,yes -305-vitality-3,305,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5471,yes -305-LEI-4,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -305-vitality-4,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -3051-location-1,3051,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.8081, 47.9882]]}",,,bib5307,no +305-location-2,305,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib5330,no +305-location-3,305,location,"{""Description"": ""Rivers State, Bonny LGA, ward of Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd town and \u1ecaw\u1ecdma Nk\u1ecdr\u1ecd.""}",,,bib984,no +305-location-4,305,location,"{""Places"": [""Nkoroo town, Niger Delta, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7640,no +305-speaker_number-1,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Those [speakers] in direct contact with Nkoroo are losing their language,bib998,no +305-speakers-1,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Those [speakers] in direct contact with Nkoroo are losing their language,bib998,no +305-speaker_number-2,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +305-speakers-2,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +305-speaker_number-3,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5494,yes +305-speakers-3,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5494,yes +305-speakers-4,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200""}",,"Speaker number: ""ca. 200 [n.b. competence levels vary]""",bib984,no +305-speaker_number-5,305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +305-speakers-5,305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +305-LEI-1,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no +305-vitality-1,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,no +305-LEI-2,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +305-vitality-2,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +305-LEI-3,305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5494,yes +305-domains_of_use-3,305,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5494,yes +305-vitality-3,305,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The small number of Defaka speakers, and the dominance of other languages in the area, puts the Defaka language in extreme risk of extinction. Within the Defaka communities, Nkoroo is the dominant language. All Defaka people use Nkoroo on an everyday basis, which is an alarming sign of Defaka being lost completely.",bib5494,yes +305-LEI-4,305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +305-vitality-4,305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +3051-location-1,3051,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.8081, 47.9882]]}",,,bib5330,no 3051-location-2,3051,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.8333333333, 47.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3051-location-3,3051,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Russia: Southern Dagestan""}",,,bib67,no -3051-speaker_number-1,3051,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3051-speakers-1,3051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""128,391"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3051-speaker_number-1,3051,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3051-speakers-1,3051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""128,391"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3051-speaker_number-2,3051,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1989, 96% of the ethnic population of 97,531 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 93,630.",bib213,yes 3051-speakers-2,3051,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""97,531"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""93,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1989, 96% of the ethnic population of 97,531 were considered to be native speakers, which is approximately 93,630.",bib213,yes 3051-speaker_number-3,3051,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3051-speakers-3,3051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""95,905"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3051-speaker_number-4,3051,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"128,000 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 131,785 in Russia (2002 Census)",bib67,no 3051-speakers-4,3051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""128,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"128,000 in Russian Federation (2002 Census). Ethnic population: 131,785 in Russia (2002 Census)",bib67,no -3051-LEI-1,3051,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3051-vitality-1,3051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3051-LEI-1,3051,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3051-vitality-1,3051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3051-LEI-2,3051,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,yes 3051-vitality-2,3051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,yes 3051-LEI-3,3051,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3051-vitality-3,3051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3051-LEI-4,3051,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3051-vitality-4,3051,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3052-location-1,3052,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.1059, 7.6787]]}",,,bib5307,no +3052-location-1,3052,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.1059, 7.6787]]}",,,bib5330,no 3052-location-2,3052,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany""]}",,,bib67,yes -3052-speaker_number-1,3052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3052-speakers-1,3052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3052-speaker_number-1,3052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3052-speakers-1,3052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3052-speaker_number-2,3052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3052-speakers-2,3052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3052-speaker_number-3,3052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Smidt (2001).,bib67,yes 3052-speakers-3,3052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Smidt (2001).,bib67,yes -3052-LEI-1,3052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3052-vitality-1,3052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3052-LEI-1,3052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3052-vitality-1,3052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3052-LEI-2,3052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3052-vitality-2,3052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3052-LEI-3,3052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3052-vitality-3,3052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3053-context-1,3053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, neighboring languages""}",,Under pressure from other neighboring languages and Bislama,bib7938,no -3053-location-1,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib2728,no +3053-context-1,3053,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, neighboring languages""}",,Under pressure from other neighboring languages and Bislama,bib7963,no +3053-location-1,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib2742,no 3053-location-2,3053,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.5, 167.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3053-location-3,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes -3053-location-4,3053,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4492, 167.7117]]}",,,bib5307,no -3053-location-5,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.447254, 167.804502]]}",,,bib395,no -3053-location-6,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern corner area of Malekula, south of Lamap settlement""}",,,bib7938,no -3053-speaker_number-1,3053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2728,no -3053-speakers-1,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2728,no +3053-location-4,3053,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4492, 167.7117]]}",,,bib5330,no +3053-location-5,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.447254, 167.804502]]}",,,bib396,no +3053-location-6,3053,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern corner area of Malekula, south of Lamap settlement""}",,,bib7963,no +3053-speaker_number-1,3053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2742,no +3053-speakers-1,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2742,no 3053-speaker_number-2,3053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,yes 3053-speakers-2,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,yes -3053-speaker_number-3,3053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3053-speakers-3,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3053-speaker_number-4,3053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib395,no -3053-speakers-4,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib395,no +3053-speaker_number-3,3053,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3053-speakers-3,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3053-speaker_number-4,3053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib396,no +3053-speakers-4,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib396,no 3053-speaker_number-6,3053,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3053-speakers-6,3053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3053-LEI-1,3053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3053-vitality-1,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +3053-LEI-1,3053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3053-vitality-1,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 3053-LEI-2,3053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3053-vitality-2,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3053-LEI-3,3053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3053-vitality-3,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3053-LEI-4,3053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -3053-vitality-4,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +3053-LEI-3,3053,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3053-vitality-3,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3053-LEI-4,3053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +3053-vitality-4,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 3053-LEI-5,3053,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3053-vitality-5,3053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3054-context-1,3054,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Other languages are used in almost all domains except for a small number of traditional male-only domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngatikese, Pohnpeian, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly neutral, but feelings range from negative to positive."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Men typically only speak the language in male-only environments, such as fishing, sailing, or playing checkers or card games. There is a significant population shift to the island of Pohnpei and many young men enter the cash economy. There are fewer men in recent years who engage in traditional activities such as sailing or growing taro where the language would be acquired and spoken.",bib6236,yes -3054-context-2,3054,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ponapean"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib7938,no -3054-location-1,3054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.8305, 157.2308]]}",,,bib5307,no -3054-location-2,3054,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Sapwuahfik Atoll, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia. Also some of Pohnpei island, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.787374, 157.155433]]}",,,bib6236,yes -3054-location-3,3054,location,"{""Places"": [""Ponape, Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Ngatik (Sapuahfik) Atoll, southwest of Ponape""}",,,bib7938,no +3054-context-1,3054,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Other languages are used in almost all domains except for a small number of traditional male-only domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngatikese, Pohnpeian, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly neutral, but feelings range from negative to positive."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Men typically only speak the language in male-only environments, such as fishing, sailing, or playing checkers or card games. There is a significant population shift to the island of Pohnpei and many young men enter the cash economy. There are fewer men in recent years who engage in traditional activities such as sailing or growing taro where the language would be acquired and spoken.",bib6260,yes +3054-context-2,3054,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ponapean"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib7963,no +3054-location-1,3054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.8305, 157.2308]]}",,,bib5330,no +3054-location-2,3054,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Sapwuahfik Atoll, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia. Also some of Pohnpei island, Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.787374, 157.155433]]}",,,bib6260,yes +3054-location-3,3054,location,"{""Places"": [""Ponape, Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Ngatik (Sapuahfik) Atoll, southwest of Ponape""}",,,bib7963,no 3054-location-4,3054,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Ngatik (Sapuahfik) Atoll, east of Caroline Islands.""}",,,bib67,no 3054-speaker_number-1,3054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3054-speakers-1,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3054-speaker_number-2,3054,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The language is spoken only by men who use a dialect of Pohnpeian as their primary language instead of the Ngatik Men’s Creole. All men on Sapwuahfik who are 60 years old or older can speak the language fluently. Some men 30-50 years old can speak it but not to the level of the older men. Men under 30 years old typically know very little of the language. Some women of the atoll have a passive knowledge of the language and everyone on the atoll can more or less understand it. Men historically did not acquire the language until they were teenagers or at an age where they could engage in male-only activities. Everyone who speaks the language acquired it as their second language. Those who are fluent in it and use it with ease are considered native speakers.,bib6236,yes -3054-speakers-2,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50-100"", ""Elders"": ""15-30"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""50-100""}",,The language is spoken only by men who use a dialect of Pohnpeian as their primary language instead of the Ngatik Men’s Creole. All men on Sapwuahfik who are 60 years old or older can speak the language fluently. Some men 30-50 years old can speak it but not to the level of the older men. Men under 30 years old typically know very little of the language. Some women of the atoll have a passive knowledge of the language and everyone on the atoll can more or less understand it. Men historically did not acquire the language until they were teenagers or at an age where they could engage in male-only activities. Everyone who speaks the language acquired it as their second language. Those who are fluent in it and use it with ease are considered native speakers.,bib6236,yes -3054-speaker_number-3,3054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken only by men,bib7938,no -3054-speakers-3,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken only by men,bib7938,no +3054-speaker_number-2,3054,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The language is spoken only by men who use a dialect of Pohnpeian as their primary language instead of the Ngatik Men’s Creole. All men on Sapwuahfik who are 60 years old or older can speak the language fluently. Some men 30-50 years old can speak it but not to the level of the older men. Men under 30 years old typically know very little of the language. Some women of the atoll have a passive knowledge of the language and everyone on the atoll can more or less understand it. Men historically did not acquire the language until they were teenagers or at an age where they could engage in male-only activities. Everyone who speaks the language acquired it as their second language. Those who are fluent in it and use it with ease are considered native speakers.,bib6260,yes +3054-speakers-2,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""50-100"", ""Elders"": ""15-30"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""50-100""}",,The language is spoken only by men who use a dialect of Pohnpeian as their primary language instead of the Ngatik Men’s Creole. All men on Sapwuahfik who are 60 years old or older can speak the language fluently. Some men 30-50 years old can speak it but not to the level of the older men. Men under 30 years old typically know very little of the language. Some women of the atoll have a passive knowledge of the language and everyone on the atoll can more or less understand it. Men historically did not acquire the language until they were teenagers or at an age where they could engage in male-only activities. Everyone who speaks the language acquired it as their second language. Those who are fluent in it and use it with ease are considered native speakers.,bib6260,yes +3054-speaker_number-3,3054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken only by men,bib7963,no +3054-speakers-3,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken only by men,bib7963,no 3054-speaker_number-4,3054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"700. 500 on atoll (1983 Poyer), 200 on Ponape.",bib67,no 3054-speakers-4,3054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"700. 500 on atoll (1983 Poyer), 200 on Ponape.",bib67,no 3054-LEI-1,3054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3054-vitality-1,3054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3054-LEI-2,3054,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6236,yes -3054-transmission-2,3054,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6236,yes -3054-domains_of_use-2,3054,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6236,yes -3054-speaker_number_trends-2,3054,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6236,yes -3054-vitality-2,3054,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6236,yes -3054-LEI-3,3054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3054-vitality-3,3054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3054-LEI-2,3054,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6260,yes +3054-transmission-2,3054,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6260,yes +3054-domains_of_use-2,3054,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6260,yes +3054-speaker_number_trends-2,3054,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6260,yes +3054-vitality-2,3054,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6260,yes +3054-LEI-3,3054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3054-vitality-3,3054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3054-LEI-4,3054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3054-vitality-4,3054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3055-context-1,3055,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, Fwai, French""}",,"Language under pressure from Jawe, Fwai, and French",bib7938,no +3055-context-1,3055,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jawe, Fwai, French""}",,"Language under pressure from Jawe, Fwai, and French",bib7963,no 3055-location-1,3055,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -3055-location-2,3055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.6494, 164.6878]]}",,,bib5307,no -3055-location-3,3055,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, on the coast and inland on the northeastern side, mainly in the upper valleys, and also on the southwestern coast at Voh.""}",,,bib7938,no +3055-location-2,3055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.6494, 164.6878]]}",,,bib5330,no +3055-location-3,3055,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Northern quarter of New Caledonia, on the coast and inland on the northeastern side, mainly in the upper valleys, and also on the southwestern coast at Voh.""}",,,bib7963,no 3055-location-4,3055,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3055-speaker_number-1,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 3055-speakers-1,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""908"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -3055-speaker_number-2,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3055-speakers-2,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3055-speaker_number-3,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -3055-speakers-3,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +3055-speaker_number-2,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3055-speakers-2,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3055-speaker_number-3,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +3055-speakers-3,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 3055-speaker_number-4,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3055-speakers-4,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3055-speaker_number-5,3055,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,320 (2000 D. Tryon),bib67,yes 3055-speakers-5,3055,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,320 (2000 D. Tryon),bib67,yes 3055-LEI-1,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 3055-vitality-1,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -3055-LEI-2,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3055-vitality-2,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3055-LEI-3,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children beginning to not learn language,bib7938,no -3055-vitality-3,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children beginning to not learn language,bib7938,no +3055-LEI-2,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3055-vitality-2,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3055-LEI-3,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children beginning to not learn language,bib7963,no +3055-vitality-3,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children beginning to not learn language,bib7963,no 3055-LEI-4,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3055-vitality-4,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3055-LEI-5,3055,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3055-vitality-5,3055,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3056-context-1,3056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Tiri, French""}",,"Language under pressure from neighboring languages Ajie¨ and Tiri, and French.",bib7938,no +3056-context-1,3056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Tiri, French""}",,"Language under pressure from neighboring languages Ajie¨ and Tiri, and French.",bib7963,no 3056-location-1,3056,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -3056-location-2,3056,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5169, 165.4568]]}",,,bib5307,no -3056-location-3,3056,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Inland and on the coast in southwestern central New Caledonia, around Bourail""}",,,bib7938,no +3056-location-2,3056,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.5169, 165.4568]]}",,,bib5330,no +3056-location-3,3056,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Inland and on the coast in southwestern central New Caledonia, around Bourail""}",,,bib7963,no 3056-location-4,3056,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3056-speaker_number-1,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 3056-speakers-1,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -3056-speaker_number-2,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3056-speakers-2,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3056-speaker_number-3,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 200 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7938,no -3056-speakers-3,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 200 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7938,no +3056-speaker_number-2,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3056-speakers-2,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3056-speaker_number-3,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 200 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7963,no +3056-speakers-3,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 200 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7963,no 3056-speaker_number-4,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3056-speakers-4,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""221"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3056-speaker_number-5,3056,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,220 (1996 census),bib67,yes 3056-speakers-5,3056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,220 (1996 census),bib67,yes 3056-LEI-1,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 3056-vitality-1,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -3056-LEI-2,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3056-vitality-2,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3056-LEI-3,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3056-vitality-3,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3056-LEI-2,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3056-vitality-2,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3056-LEI-3,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3056-vitality-3,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3056-LEI-4,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3056-vitality-4,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3056-LEI-5,3056,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3056-vitality-5,3056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3065-context-1,3065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local languages, Bislama""}",,,bib7938,yes -3065-location-1,3065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.469, 167.4975]]}",,,bib5307,no -3065-location-2,3065,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.485019, 167.576411]]}",,,bib395,no -3065-location-3,3065,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu, Malekula""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of Malekula, near Malfaxal settlement""}",,,bib7938,yes -3065-speaker_number-1,3065,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -3065-speakers-1,3065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -3065-speaker_number-2,3065,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7938,yes -3065-speakers-2,3065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7938,yes -3065-LEI-1,3065,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -3065-vitality-1,3065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -3065-LEI-2,3065,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers have almost all shifted to other local languages and Bislama.,bib7938,yes -3065-vitality-2,3065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers have almost all shifted to other local languages and Bislama.,bib7938,yes -3066-context-1,3066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7938,no -3066-location-1,3066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.53, 166.9221]]}",,,bib5307,no +3065-context-1,3065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""local languages, Bislama""}",,,bib7963,yes +3065-location-1,3065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.469, 167.4975]]}",,,bib5330,no +3065-location-2,3065,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.485019, 167.576411]]}",,,bib396,no +3065-location-3,3065,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu, Malekula""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern corner of Malekula, near Malfaxal settlement""}",,,bib7963,yes +3065-speaker_number-1,3065,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +3065-speakers-1,3065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +3065-speaker_number-2,3065,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7963,yes +3065-speakers-2,3065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7963,yes +3065-LEI-1,3065,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +3065-vitality-1,3065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +3065-LEI-2,3065,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers have almost all shifted to other local languages and Bislama.,bib7963,yes +3065-vitality-2,3065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers have almost all shifted to other local languages and Bislama.,bib7963,yes +3066-context-1,3066,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib7963,no +3066-location-1,3066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.53, 166.9221]]}",,,bib5330,no 3066-location-2,3066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5, 166.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no -3066-location-3,3066,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru""]}",,,bib7938,no +3066-location-3,3066,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru""]}",,,bib7963,no 3066-location-4,3066,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru""]}",,,bib67,yes -3066-speaker_number-1,3066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3066-speakers-1,3066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3066-speaker_number-1,3066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3066-speakers-1,3066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3066-speaker_number-3,3066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3066-speakers-3,3066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3066-speaker_number-4,3066,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 (Bender and Rehg 1991), decreasing.",bib67,yes 3066-speakers-4,3066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 (Bender and Rehg 1991), decreasing.",bib67,yes -3066-LEI-1,3066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3066-vitality-1,3066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3066-LEI-1,3066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3066-vitality-1,3066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3066-LEI-3,3066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3066-vitality-3,3066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3066-LEI-4,3066,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,yes 3066-vitality-4,3066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,yes -3067-context-1,3067,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Taiwanese Southern Min; Nataoran Amis; Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,The local government has provided funds for developing teaching materials as preparation for language revitalization. But no comprehension research work has been funded and carried out. Also Sakizaya had been taught in National Dong Hwa University (東華大學) for two years during 2008-2009. Those who can speak Sakizaya are also fluent in Nataoran Amis.,bib4666,yes -3067-context-2,3067,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amis, Chinese""}",,,bib7938,no -3067-location-1,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.0088, 121.5898]]}",,,bib5307,no -3067-location-2,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Hualien, Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Hualien city (\u82b1\u84ee\u5e02\u570b\u798f\u91cc\u3001\u6c11\u610f\u91cc\u3001\u570b\u6176\u91cc\u3001\u4e3b\u6b0a\u91cc); Hsincheng Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u65b0\u57ce\u9109\u5317\u57d4\u6751), Shoufung Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u58fd\u8c50\u9109\u6708\u7709\u6751\u3001\u6c34\u7489\u6751), Fungpin Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u8c50\u6ff1\u9109\u78ef\u5d0e\u6751\u3001\u65b0\u793e\u6751\u3001\u4e2d\u8208\u6751), Ruisui Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u745e\u7a57\u9109\u821e\u9db4\u6751\u3001\u745e\u5317\u6751) and Fuli Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u5bcc\u91cc\u9109\u8c50\u5357\u6751)""}",,,bib4666,yes -3067-location-3,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the Hualien \u82b1\u84ee area in central eastern coastal Taiwan""}",,,bib7938,no +3067-context-1,3067,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Taiwanese Southern Min; Nataoran Amis; Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,The local government has provided funds for developing teaching materials as preparation for language revitalization. But no comprehension research work has been funded and carried out. Also Sakizaya had been taught in National Dong Hwa University (東華大學) for two years during 2008-2009. Those who can speak Sakizaya are also fluent in Nataoran Amis.,bib4688,yes +3067-context-2,3067,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amis, Chinese""}",,,bib7963,no +3067-location-1,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.0088, 121.5898]]}",,,bib5330,no +3067-location-2,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Hualien, Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Hualien city (\u82b1\u84ee\u5e02\u570b\u798f\u91cc\u3001\u6c11\u610f\u91cc\u3001\u570b\u6176\u91cc\u3001\u4e3b\u6b0a\u91cc); Hsincheng Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u65b0\u57ce\u9109\u5317\u57d4\u6751), Shoufung Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u58fd\u8c50\u9109\u6708\u7709\u6751\u3001\u6c34\u7489\u6751), Fungpin Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u8c50\u6ff1\u9109\u78ef\u5d0e\u6751\u3001\u65b0\u793e\u6751\u3001\u4e2d\u8208\u6751), Ruisui Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u745e\u7a57\u9109\u821e\u9db4\u6751\u3001\u745e\u5317\u6751) and Fuli Township (\u82b1\u84ee\u7e23\u5bcc\u91cc\u9109\u8c50\u5357\u6751)""}",,,bib4688,yes +3067-location-3,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the Hualien \u82b1\u84ee area in central eastern coastal Taiwan""}",,,bib7963,no 3067-location-4,3067,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib67,no -3067-speaker_number-1,3067,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3067-speakers-1,3067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3067-speaker_number-2,3067,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4666,yes -3067-speakers-2,3067,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~200"", ""Young Adults"": ""~100-150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010-2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~100""}",,,bib4666,yes -3067-speakers-3,3067,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?""}",,A few elderly speakers of the Sakizaya dialect,bib7938,no +3067-speaker_number-1,3067,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3067-speakers-1,3067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3067-speaker_number-2,3067,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4688,yes +3067-speakers-2,3067,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~200"", ""Young Adults"": ""~100-150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010-2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~100""}",,,bib4688,yes +3067-speakers-3,3067,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?""}",,A few elderly speakers of the Sakizaya dialect,bib7963,no 3067-speaker_number-4,3067,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3067-speakers-4,3067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3067-speaker_number-5,3067,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no 3067-speakers-5,3067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(2000 S. Wurm),bib67,no -3067-LEI-1,3067,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3067-vitality-1,3067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3067-LEI-2,3067,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4666,yes -3067-transmission-2,3067,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4666,yes -3067-domains_of_use-2,3067,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4666,yes -3067-speaker_number_trends-2,3067,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4666,yes -3067-vitality-2,3067,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4666,yes +3067-LEI-1,3067,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3067-vitality-1,3067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3067-LEI-2,3067,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4688,yes +3067-transmission-2,3067,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4688,yes +3067-domains_of_use-2,3067,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4688,yes +3067-speaker_number_trends-2,3067,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4688,yes +3067-vitality-2,3067,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Sakizaya people who live in the cities generally don't teach children their heritage language. As for people who still live in the Sakizaya tribes, only parents who strongly identify themselves as the Sazakiya pass down the heritage language. Sakizaya is only predominantly used in the traditional ceremonies.",bib4688,yes 3067-LEI-3,3067,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3067-vitality-3,3067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3067-LEI-4,3067,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3067-vitality-4,3067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3068-context-1,3068,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Letemboi, Labo""}",,,bib7938,yes -3068-location-1,3068,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.3517, 167.4659]]}",,,bib5307,no -3068-location-2,3068,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.310401, 167.459073]]}",,,bib395,no -3068-location-3,3068,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southcentral Malekula Island""}",,,bib7938,yes +3068-context-1,3068,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Letemboi, Labo""}",,,bib7963,yes +3068-location-1,3068,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.3517, 167.4659]]}",,,bib5330,no +3068-location-2,3068,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.310401, 167.459073]]}",,,bib396,no +3068-location-3,3068,location,"{""Places"": [""Malekula Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southcentral Malekula Island""}",,,bib7963,yes 3068-location-4,3068,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -3068-speaker_number-1,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3068-speakers-1,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3068-speaker_number-2,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -3068-speakers-2,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -3068-speaker_number-3,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1983, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably fewer.",bib7938,yes -3068-speakers-3,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1983, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably fewer.",bib7938,yes +3068-speaker_number-1,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3068-speakers-1,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3068-speaker_number-2,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +3068-speakers-2,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +3068-speaker_number-3,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1983, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably fewer.",bib7963,yes +3068-speakers-3,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1983, twenty speakers were reported. Now there will be considerably fewer.",bib7963,yes 3068-speaker_number-4,3068,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3068-speakers-4,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3068-speaker_number-5,3068,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 3068-speakers-5,3068,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -3068-LEI-1,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3068-vitality-1,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3068-LEI-2,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -3068-vitality-2,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -3068-LEI-3,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7938,yes -3068-speaker_number_trends-3,3068,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7938,yes -3068-vitality-3,3068,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7938,yes +3068-LEI-1,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3068-vitality-1,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3068-LEI-2,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +3068-vitality-2,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +3068-LEI-3,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7963,yes +3068-speaker_number_trends-3,3068,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7963,yes +3068-vitality-3,3068,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speakers have largely shifted to Letemboi and Labo.,bib7963,yes 3068-LEI-4,3068,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3068-vitality-4,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3068-LEI-5,3068,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3068-vitality-5,3068,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3069-location-1,3069,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.5, -81.25]]}",,,bib216,no -3069-location-2,3069,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama"", ""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Veraguas, Chiriqu\u00ed""}",,,bib6077,no +3069-location-2,3069,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama"", ""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Veraguas, Chiriqu\u00ed""}",,,bib6101,no 3069-location-3,3069,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Mountains of western Panama.""}",,Bocas Province; small group in Chiriquí Province.,bib67,yes 3069-speaker_number-1,3069,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3069-speakers-1,3069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3069-speaker_number-2,3069,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6077,no -3069-speakers-2,3069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6077,no +3069-speaker_number-2,3069,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6101,no +3069-speakers-2,3069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6101,no 3069-speaker_number-3,3069,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"18,000 (2012 SIL) (2013).",bib67,yes 3069-speakers-3,3069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"18,000 (2012 SIL) (2013).",bib67,yes 3069-LEI-1,3069,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3069-vitality-1,3069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3069-LEI-2,3069,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -3069-vitality-2,3069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no +3069-LEI-2,3069,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +3069-vitality-2,3069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no 3069-LEI-3,3069,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous in Bocas, but those in Chiriqui are losing the language (Adelaar 2007).",bib67,yes 3069-transmission-3,3069,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Vigorous in Bocas, but those in Chiriqui are losing the language (Adelaar 2007).",bib67,yes 3069-vitality-3,3069,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Vigorous in Bocas, but those in Chiriqui are losing the language (Adelaar 2007).",bib67,yes -3070-location-1,3070,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""]}",,,bib1800,yes +3070-location-1,3070,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""]}",,,bib1812,yes 3070-location-2,3070,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.75, -83.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3070-location-3,3070,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Turrialba region.""}",,,bib67,no -3070-speaker_number-1,3070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"More younger than older speakers,and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant. However, the probabilities of this state being maintained are not high, because of their small number of speakers and the fact that isolation will not continue indefinitely.",bib1800,yes -3070-speakers-1,3070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,441"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"More younger than older speakers,and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant. However, the probabilities of this state being maintained are not high, because of their small number of speakers and the fact that isolation will not continue indefinitely.",bib1800,yes +3070-speaker_number-1,3070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"More younger than older speakers,and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant. However, the probabilities of this state being maintained are not high, because of their small number of speakers and the fact that isolation will not continue indefinitely.",bib1812,yes +3070-speakers-1,3070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,441"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"More younger than older speakers,and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant. However, the probabilities of this state being maintained are not high, because of their small number of speakers and the fact that isolation will not continue indefinitely.",bib1812,yes 3070-speaker_number-2,3070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3070-speakers-2,3070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,840"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3070-speakers-4,3070,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,308"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,"8,840 (2000). 7,070 monolinguals. The only language in Costa Rica with monolingual speakers, mostly women (Adelaar 2007). Ethnic population: 9,310 (2000) (2013, no change).",bib67,no -3070-LEI-1,3070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1800,yes -3070-vitality-1,3070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1800,yes +3070-LEI-1,3070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1812,yes +3070-vitality-1,3070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1812,yes 3070-LEI-2,3070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3070-vitality-2,3070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -308-location-1,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.985, 10.0579]]}",,,bib5307,no -308-location-2,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District""}",,,bib6944,no -308-location-3,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA""}",,,bib980,yes -308-speaker_number-1,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -308-speakers-1,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -308-speaker_number-2,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -308-speakers-2,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -308-speaker_number-3,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib980,yes -308-speakers-3,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib980,yes -308-LEI-1,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -308-vitality-1,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -308-LEI-2,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -308-vitality-2,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -308-LEI-3,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -308-vitality-3,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +308-location-1,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.985, 10.0579]]}",,,bib5330,no +308-location-2,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District""}",,,bib6968,no +308-location-3,308,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA""}",,,bib984,yes +308-speaker_number-1,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +308-speakers-1,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +308-speaker_number-2,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +308-speakers-2,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +308-speaker_number-3,308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib984,yes +308-speakers-3,308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib984,yes +308-LEI-1,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +308-vitality-1,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +308-LEI-2,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +308-vitality-2,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +308-LEI-3,308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +308-vitality-3,308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 3085-location-1,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -3085-location-2,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1381,yes +3085-location-2,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1393,yes 3085-location-3,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Pará state: Altamira municipality; Terra Indígena Curuá, Cajueiro village, Curuá river right bank; Terra Indígena Xipaia, Altamira town.",bib70,no -3085-location-4,3085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0033, -53.9208]]}",,,bib5307,no -3085-location-5,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, Municipality of Altamira, on\nthe right bank of the Curua River, Terra Indigena Curua, in the Cajueiro village; Terra Indigena Xipaia, in the town of Altamira.""}",,,bib1903,no -3085-location-6,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3085-location-4,3085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0033, -53.9208]]}",,,bib5330,no +3085-location-5,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, Municipality of Altamira, on\nthe right bank of the Curua River, Terra Indigena Curua, in the Cajueiro village; Terra Indigena Xipaia, in the town of Altamira.""}",,,bib1915,no +3085-location-6,3085,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3085-speaker_number-1,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,10. Ethnic population: 115,bib67,no 3085-speakers-1,3085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""115"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,10. Ethnic population: 115,bib67,no 3085-speakers-2,3085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016""}",,"There are only rememberers. -In 2007 three people could remember words and phrases.",bib1381,yes +In 2007 three people could remember words and phrases.",bib1393,yes 3085-speaker_number-3,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 3085-speakers-3,3085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -3085-speaker_number-4,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3085-speakers-4,3085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3085-speaker_number-4,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3085-speakers-4,3085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3085-speaker_number-5,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In Altamira, there has been a great deal of intermarriage between the Kuruaya and Xipaya, with the result that they are sometimes considered to form a single ethnic group. This complicates a precise demographic -census.",bib1903,no +census.",bib1915,no 3085-speakers-5,3085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">115"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""9""}",,"In Altamira, there has been a great deal of intermarriage between the Kuruaya and Xipaya, with the result that they are sometimes considered to form a single ethnic group. This complicates a precise demographic -census.",bib1903,no +census.",bib1915,no 3085-speaker_number-6,3085,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3085-speakers-6,3085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3085-speaker_number-7,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -3085-speakers-7,3085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""129"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +3085-speaker_number-7,3085,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +3085-speakers-7,3085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""129"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 3085-LEI-1,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3085-vitality-1,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3085-LEI-2,3085,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1381,yes -3085-vitality-2,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1381,yes +3085-LEI-2,3085,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1393,yes +3085-vitality-2,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1393,yes 3085-LEI-3,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3085-transmission-3,3085,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 3085-speaker_number_trends-3,3085,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 3085-vitality-3,3085,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -3085-LEI-4,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3085-vitality-4,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3085-LEI-5,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3085-vitality-5,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3085-LEI-4,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3085-vitality-4,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3085-LEI-5,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3085-vitality-5,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3085-LEI-6,3085,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3085-vitality-6,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3085-LEI-7,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3085-vitality-7,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3086-context-1,3086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,yes +3085-LEI-7,3085,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3085-vitality-7,3085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3086-context-1,3086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,yes 3086-location-1,3086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5, -41.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3086-location-2,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 3086-location-3,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Minas Gerais state: between Conselheiro Pena and Resplendor towns; São Paulo state: small enclave; Doce River east bank.,bib70,no -3086-location-4,3086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.1937, -41.1527]]}",,,bib5307,no -3086-location-5,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northeastern Minas Gerais State, east bank of the Doce River, between the towns of Resplendor and Conselheiro Pena, Terra Indigena Fazenda Guaran\u00ed, Terra Indigena Krenak""}",,,bib1903,yes -3086-location-6,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3086-location-4,3086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.1937, -41.1527]]}",,,bib5330,no +3086-location-5,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northeastern Minas Gerais State, east bank of the Doce River, between the towns of Resplendor and Conselheiro Pena, Terra Indigena Fazenda Guaran\u00ed, Terra Indigena Krenak""}",,,bib1915,yes +3086-location-6,3086,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3086-speaker_number-1,3086,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 (1997 ISA),bib67,no 3086-speakers-1,3086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 (1997 ISA),bib67,no 3086-speaker_number-2,3086,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 3086-speakers-2,3086,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -3086-speaker_number-3,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3086-speakers-3,3086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3086-speaker_number-4,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Only women over forty-five years of age still speak the language. Men, youngsters and children have all switched to Portuguese.",bib1903,yes -3086-speakers-4,3086,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Only women over forty-five years of age still speak the language. Men, youngsters and children have all switched to Portuguese.",bib1903,yes +3086-speaker_number-3,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3086-speakers-3,3086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3086-speaker_number-4,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Only women over forty-five years of age still speak the language. Men, youngsters and children have all switched to Portuguese.",bib1915,yes +3086-speakers-4,3086,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Only women over forty-five years of age still speak the language. Men, youngsters and children have all switched to Portuguese.",bib1915,yes 3086-speaker_number-5,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3086-speakers-5,3086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3086-speaker_number-6,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -3086-speakers-6,3086,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""204"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +3086-speaker_number-6,3086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +3086-speakers-6,3086,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""204"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 3086-LEI-1,3086,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3086-vitality-1,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3086-LEI-2,3086,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only older women. All others have switched to Portuguese,bib70,no 3086-transmission-2,3086,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only older women. All others have switched to Portuguese,bib70,no 3086-speaker_number_trends-2,3086,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only older women. All others have switched to Portuguese,bib70,no 3086-vitality-2,3086,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Only older women. All others have switched to Portuguese,bib70,no -3086-LEI-3,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3086-vitality-3,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3086-LEI-4,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -3086-vitality-4,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +3086-LEI-3,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3086-vitality-3,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3086-LEI-4,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +3086-vitality-4,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 3086-LEI-5,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3086-vitality-5,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3086-LEI-6,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3086-vitality-6,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3087-location-1,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.4071, -47.2851]]}",,,bib5307,no +3086-LEI-6,3086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3086-vitality-6,3086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3087-location-1,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.4071, -47.2851]]}",,,bib5330,no 3087-location-2,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.01, -47.58]]}",,,bib75,no -3087-location-3,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3087-location-3,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3087-location-4,3087,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranh\u00e3o, southeastern Par\u00e1, Tocantins. 5 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.711, -47.316]]}",,,bib67,no -3087-speaker_number-1,3087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3087-speakers-1,3087,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2184"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,184"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3087-speaker_number-1,3087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3087-speakers-1,3087,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2184"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,184"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3087-speaker_number-2,3087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3087-speakers-2,3087,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2180"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3087-LEI-1,3087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3087-vitality-1,3087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3087-LEI-1,3087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3087-vitality-1,3087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3087-LEI-2,3087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3087-vitality-2,3087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3090-location-1,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 3090-location-2,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas state: Terra Indígena Vale do Javari; Javari River basin near Itaquai, Ituí, and Quixiti rivers.",bib70,no -3090-location-3,3090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8346, -70.9277]]}",,,bib5307,no -3090-location-4,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""State of Amazonas, Javari River Basin, Terra Indigena Vale do Javari, near the Itu\u00ed, Itaquai and Quixiti rivers""}",,,bib1903,no -3090-location-5,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3090-location-3,3090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.8346, -70.9277]]}",,,bib5330,no +3090-location-4,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""State of Amazonas, Javari River Basin, Terra Indigena Vale do Javari, near the Itu\u00ed, Itaquai and Quixiti rivers""}",,,bib1915,no +3090-location-5,3090,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3090-speaker_number-1,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 (2000 ISA),bib67,no 3090-speakers-1,3090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 (2000 ISA),bib67,no 3090-speaker_number-2,3090,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,26 (2007 FPEVJ). Ethnic population: 250 (2000 ISA).,bib70,no 3090-speakers-2,3090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (speakers); 2000 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,26 (2007 FPEVJ). Ethnic population: 250 (2000 ISA).,bib70,no -3090-speaker_number-3,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3090-speakers-3,3090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""205"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3090-speaker_number-4,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3090-speakers-4,3090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3090-speaker_number-3,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3090-speakers-3,3090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""205"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3090-speaker_number-4,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3090-speakers-4,3090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3090-speaker_number-5,3090,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3090-speakers-5,3090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3090-speaker_number-7,3090,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -3090-speakers-7,3090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes +3090-speaker_number-7,3090,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +3090-speakers-7,3090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""26"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes 3090-LEI-1,3090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3090-transmission-1,3090,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 3090-speaker_number_trends-1,3090,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no @@ -32723,139 +32909,139 @@ census.",bib1903,no 3090-transmission-2,3090,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 3090-speaker_number_trends-2,3090,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 3090-vitality-2,3090,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -3090-LEI-3,3090,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3090-vitality-3,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3090-LEI-4,3090,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3090-vitality-4,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3090-LEI-3,3090,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3090-vitality-3,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3090-LEI-4,3090,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3090-vitality-4,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3090-LEI-5,3090,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3090-vitality-5,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3090-LEI-7,3090,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3090-vitality-7,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3091-location-1,3091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -75.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -3091-location-2,3091,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Caqueta, int twenty-seven settlements along the rivers Orteguazo, Peneya, and Cauqueta.""}",,,bib1903,no +3090-LEI-7,3090,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3090-vitality-7,3090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3091-location-1,3091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -75.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +3091-location-2,3091,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Caqueta, int twenty-seven settlements along the rivers Orteguazo, Peneya, and Cauqueta.""}",,,bib1915,no 3091-location-3,3091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -75.5]]}",,,bib216,yes 3091-location-4,3091,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Caqueta Department, Orteguaza and Caquetá rivers and tributaries; also in Putumayo Department, Puerto Guzman municipality.",bib67,no -3091-speaker_number-1,3091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3091-speakers-1,3091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3091-speaker_number-1,3091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3091-speakers-1,3091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3091-speaker_number-2,3091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Nowadays the speakers of Koreguaje represent a fusion of various ethnic groups, since it is not only spoken by the Koreguaje themselves but also by -Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (a probably extinct group that assimilated with the Koreguaje).",bib1903,no +Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (a probably extinct group that assimilated with the Koreguaje).",bib1915,no 3091-speakers-2,3091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,110"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Nowadays the speakers of Koreguaje represent a fusion of various ethnic groups, since it is not only spoken by the Koreguaje themselves but also by -Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (a probably extinct group that assimilated with the Koreguaje).",bib1903,no +Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (a probably extinct group that assimilated with the Koreguaje).",bib1915,no 3091-speaker_number-3,3091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3091-speakers-3,3091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3091-speaker_number-4,3091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,100 (Civallero 2008). Speakers of Koreguaje represent a fusion of various ethnic groups. Also spoken by Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (Crevels 2007) (2016).",bib67,no 3091-speakers-4,3091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,100 (Civallero 2008). Speakers of Koreguaje represent a fusion of various ethnic groups. Also spoken by Inga, Witoto, Carijona, and Tama (Crevels 2007) (2016).",bib67,no -3091-LEI-1,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3091-vitality-1,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3091-LEI-2,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3091-vitality-2,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3091-LEI-1,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3091-vitality-1,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3091-LEI-2,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3091-vitality-2,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3091-LEI-3,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3091-vitality-3,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3091-LEI-4,3091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3091-vitality-4,3091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3092-context-1,3092,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic is language of instruction in schools.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Orominya"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Zay people have a positive attitude towards their mother tongue.""}",,"Among the interviewees there were no monolingual speakers of Zay. ... Zay used to talk with parents, Orominya used with siblings and spouses. Amharic also used.",bib2847,no -3092-context-3,3092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic;""}",,[Zay's] number of speakers appears to be decreasing because of the dominant role of Amharic.,bib7615,no -3092-location-1,3092,location,"{""Places"": [""\""West of Asella at the shores of Lake Zway.\""""]}",,,bib7742,yes -3092-location-2,3092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0728, 38.8476]]}",,,bib5307,no +3092-context-1,3092,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic is language of instruction in schools.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Orominya"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Zay people have a positive attitude towards their mother tongue.""}",,"Among the interviewees there were no monolingual speakers of Zay. ... Zay used to talk with parents, Orominya used with siblings and spouses. Amharic also used.",bib2861,no +3092-context-3,3092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic;""}",,[Zay's] number of speakers appears to be decreasing because of the dominant role of Amharic.,bib7640,no +3092-location-1,3092,location,"{""Places"": [""\""West of Asella at the shores of Lake Zway.\""""]}",,,bib7767,yes +3092-location-2,3092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0728, 38.8476]]}",,,bib5330,no 3092-location-3,3092,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Oromia region: Lake Zway shores and east islands.""}",,,bib69,no -3092-speaker_number-1,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7742,yes -3092-speakers-1,3092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7742,yes -3092-speaker_number-2,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3092-speakers-2,3092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3092-speakers-3,3092,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib2847,no +3092-speaker_number-1,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7767,yes +3092-speakers-1,3092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7767,yes +3092-speaker_number-2,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3092-speakers-2,3092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3092-speakers-3,3092,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib2861,no 3092-speaker_number-4,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3092-speakers-4,3092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,880"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3092-speaker_number-5,3092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 3092-speakers-5,3092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,880"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3092-LEI-1,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7742,yes -3092-vitality-1,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7742,yes -3092-LEI-2,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3092-vitality-2,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3092-LEI-1,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7767,yes +3092-vitality-1,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7767,yes +3092-LEI-2,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3092-vitality-2,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3092-LEI-4,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3092-vitality-4,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3092-LEI-5,3092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3092-vitality-5,3092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 3093-context-1,3093,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religious services, counting, media, school, trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Farsi, Qeshmi, Bandari"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"While most members of the Laraki community are proficient in several languages, bilingualism is the norm for speakers of Musandam Kumzari. Most Musandam Kumzari speak and understand Arabic, at least to some degree... Speakers of Musandam Kumzari have mixed attitudes toward their language: -many people are proud of it, but others question its usefulness in the wider Arabic-speaking context... Multilingualism is the norm on Larak Island. Most members of the population sample for the individual questionnaire are proficient to some degree in at least four language varieties: Laraki, Farsi, Arabic, and Qeshmi or another regional variety such as Bandari.",bib8001,yes -3093-location-1,3093,location,"{""Places"": [""UAE"", ""Oman"", ""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kumzari is spoken on both sides of the Strait of Hormuz. There are two main groups of speakers, one on each side of the Strait: the Kumzari of Musandam Peninsula in north-eastern Arabia, and the Laraki of Larak Island in Iran. [On the Musandam peninsula], the Kumzar population is concentrated in Oman, in the village of Kumzar and in a quarter of Khasab known as the Harat al-Kumzari."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.337624, 56.411287], [26.183369, 56.249158], [26.848133, 56.371204]]}",,,bib8001,yes +many people are proud of it, but others question its usefulness in the wider Arabic-speaking context... Multilingualism is the norm on Larak Island. Most members of the population sample for the individual questionnaire are proficient to some degree in at least four language varieties: Laraki, Farsi, Arabic, and Qeshmi or another regional variety such as Bandari.",bib8026,yes +3093-location-1,3093,location,"{""Places"": [""UAE"", ""Oman"", ""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Kumzari is spoken on both sides of the Strait of Hormuz. There are two main groups of speakers, one on each side of the Strait: the Kumzari of Musandam Peninsula in north-eastern Arabia, and the Laraki of Larak Island in Iran. [On the Musandam peninsula], the Kumzar population is concentrated in Oman, in the village of Kumzar and in a quarter of Khasab known as the Harat al-Kumzari."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.337624, 56.411287], [26.183369, 56.249158], [26.848133, 56.371204]]}",,,bib8026,yes 3093-location-2,3093,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""]}",,,bib67,no -3093-location-3,3093,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman, United Arab Emirates, Iran""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of the main dialect are found on the Musandam Peninsula of Oman and in small groups in cities along the Gulf coast of the United Arab Emirates.""}",,,bib504,no -3093-location-4,3093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.1936, 56.2431]]}",,,bib5307,no +3093-location-3,3093,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman, United Arab Emirates, Iran""], ""Description"": ""Speakers of the main dialect are found on the Musandam Peninsula of Oman and in small groups in cities along the Gulf coast of the United Arab Emirates.""}",,,bib507,no +3093-location-4,3093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.1936, 56.2431]]}",,,bib5330,no 3093-location-5,3093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.16045, 56.418]]}",,,bib75,no 3093-speaker_number-1,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"We estimate that the number of speakers is actually about -4000 individuals, plus about two hundred latent speakers of Kumzari as a second language.",bib8001,yes +4000 individuals, plus about two hundred latent speakers of Kumzari as a second language.",bib8026,yes 3093-speakers-1,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~200""}",,"We estimate that the number of speakers is actually about -4000 individuals, plus about two hundred latent speakers of Kumzari as a second language.",bib8001,yes +4000 individuals, plus about two hundred latent speakers of Kumzari as a second language.",bib8026,yes 3093-speaker_number-2,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,700 (1993 census)",bib67,no 3093-speakers-2,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,700 (1993 census)",bib67,no -3093-speaker_number-3,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Kumzari is an endangered language spoken by about 5000 people.,bib504,no -3093-speakers-3,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Kumzari is an endangered language spoken by about 5000 people.,bib504,no -3093-speaker_number-4,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3093-speakers-4,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3093-speaker_number-3,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Kumzari is an endangered language spoken by about 5000 people.,bib507,no +3093-speakers-3,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Kumzari is an endangered language spoken by about 5000 people.,bib507,no +3093-speaker_number-4,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3093-speakers-4,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3093-speaker_number-5,3093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3093-speakers-5,3093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3093-LEI-1,3093,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8001,yes -3093-transmission-1,3093,transmission,0,transmission-0,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8001,yes -3093-domains_of_use-1,3093,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8001,yes -3093-vitality-1,3093,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8001,yes +3093-LEI-1,3093,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8026,yes +3093-transmission-1,3093,transmission,0,transmission-0,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8026,yes +3093-domains_of_use-1,3093,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8026,yes +3093-vitality-1,3093,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"[On the Musandam peninsula,] Kumzari is vigorously used in domestic and traditional work-related domains, [but] for the average Kumzari speaker, life increasingly revolves around Arabic-dominated domains—religion, school, media, government work, and shopping. Even in domains where Kumzari is traditionally used, there is an increasing penetration of Arabic vocabulary. Perhaps most disconcerting, however, is the internalization of outsiders‘ negative attitudes toward the Kumzari language to the point where some Kumzari families have begun to speak Arabic to their children at home. [On Larak Island], responses indicate a high level of vitality for Laraki. It is uniformly used among adults, and adults use it when speaking to their children. In addition, it is also consistently used by children, even after they have attended primary school.",bib8026,yes 3093-LEI-2,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3093-vitality-2,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3093-LEI-3,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib504,no -3093-vitality-3,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib504,no -3093-LEI-4,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3093-vitality-4,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3093-LEI-3,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib507,no +3093-vitality-3,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib507,no +3093-LEI-4,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3093-vitality-4,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3093-LEI-5,3093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3093-vitality-5,3093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3094-context-2,3094,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,"Les Peuls font paître leur bétail dans la région en saison sèche, et se sont sédentarisés dans le nord-est, où ils ont converti à l’islam et absorbé certaines populations (Zeem, Lushi).",bib1515,no -3094-location-1,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib994,no -3094-location-2,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,yes +3094-context-2,3094,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,"Les Peuls font paître leur bétail dans la région en saison sèche, et se sont sédentarisés dans le nord-est, où ils ont converti à l’islam et absorbé certaines populations (Zeem, Lushi).",bib1527,no +3094-location-1,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib998,no +3094-location-2,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,yes 3094-location-3,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -3094-location-4,3094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.8389, 9.0911]]}",,,bib5307,no -3094-location-5,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,no -3094-location-6,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,spoken in the south of the Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1518,no -3094-location-7,3094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.15, 9.266667]]}",,,bib1519,no +3094-location-4,3094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.8389, 9.0911]]}",,,bib5330,no +3094-location-5,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,no +3094-location-6,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,spoken in the south of the Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1530,no +3094-location-7,3094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.15, 9.266667]]}",,,bib1531,no 3094-location-8,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib100,no -3094-location-9,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,Northern Nigeria... the south of Bauchi State,bib1516,no -3094-speakers-1,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib994,no -3094-speakers-2,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib981,yes +3094-location-9,3094,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,Northern Nigeria... the south of Bauchi State,bib1528,no +3094-speakers-1,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib998,no +3094-speakers-2,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib985,yes 3094-speaker_number-3,3094,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data on speaker number is from Blench (2003).,bib67,no 3094-speakers-3,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data on speaker number is from Blench (2003).,bib67,no -3094-speakers-4,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,,bib1515,no -3094-speakers-6,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1516,no -3094-LEI-1,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Probably extinct.,bib994,no -3094-vitality-1,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Probably extinct.,bib994,no -3094-LEI-2,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib981,yes -3094-vitality-2,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib981,yes +3094-speakers-4,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,,bib1527,no +3094-speakers-6,3094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1528,no +3094-LEI-1,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Probably extinct.,bib998,no +3094-vitality-1,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Probably extinct.,bib998,no +3094-LEI-2,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib985,yes +3094-vitality-2,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib985,yes 3094-LEI-3,3094,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3094-vitality-3,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3094-LEI-4,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1515,no -3094-vitality-4,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1515,no -3094-LEI-6,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1516,no -3094-vitality-6,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1516,no +3094-LEI-4,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1527,no +3094-vitality-4,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Les langues zeem (= tulai) et lushi sont mortes.,bib1527,no +3094-LEI-6,3094,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1528,no +3094-vitality-6,3094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1528,no 3097-context-1,3097,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no 3097-location-1,3097,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0, -73.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3097-location-2,3097,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""North, east, and west slopes of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.""}",,"Magdalena and La Guajira departments; north, east, and west slopes of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.",bib67,yes 3097-location-3,3097,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"La Guajira and Magdalena departments: north, east, and west slopes of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.",bib70,no -3097-location-4,3097,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8548, -74.0258]]}",,,bib5307,no -3097-location-5,3097,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""North side of the Sierra Nevada de\nSanta Marta, in the valleys of the Ancho, Palomino, Don Diego and Jerez rivers; also to the northeast, on the Barcino River, and to the south on the Guatapuri River.""}",,,bib1903,no +3097-location-4,3097,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8548, -74.0258]]}",,,bib5330,no +3097-location-5,3097,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""North side of the Sierra Nevada de\nSanta Marta, in the valleys of the Ancho, Palomino, Don Diego and Jerez rivers; also to the northeast, on the Barcino River, and to the south on the Guatapuri River.""}",,,bib1915,no 3097-speaker_number-1,3097,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Nearly all monolingual.,bib67,yes 3097-speakers-1,3097,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Nearly all monolingual.,bib67,yes 3097-speaker_number-2,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 3097-speakers-2,3097,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9910"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -3097-speaker_number-3,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3097-speakers-3,3097,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,911"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3097-speaker_number-4,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The language is still transmitted to children.,bib1903,no -3097-speakers-4,3097,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~9,765"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The language is still transmitted to children.,bib1903,no +3097-speaker_number-3,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3097-speakers-3,3097,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,911"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3097-speaker_number-4,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The language is still transmitted to children.,bib1915,no +3097-speakers-4,3097,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~9,765"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,765"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The language is still transmitted to children.,bib1915,no 3097-speaker_number-5,3097,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3097-speakers-5,3097,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3097-LEI-1,3097,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3097-vitality-1,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3097-LEI-2,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3097-vitality-2,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3097-LEI-3,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3097-vitality-3,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3097-LEI-4,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3097-vitality-4,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3097-LEI-3,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3097-vitality-3,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3097-LEI-4,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3097-vitality-4,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3097-LEI-5,3097,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3097-vitality-5,3097,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3098-location-1,3098,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0, -52.0]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -32863,8 +33049,8 @@ many people are proud of it, but others question its usefulness in the wider Ara 3098-location-3,3098,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Os Kayapó vivem em aldeias dispersas ao longo do curso superior dos rios Iriri, Bacajá, Fresco e de outros afluentes do caudaloso rio Xingu, desenhando no Brasil Central um território quase tão grande quanto a Áustria. É praticamente recoberto pela floresta equatorial, com exceção da porção oriental, preenchida por algumas áreas de cerrado. [The Kayapó live in villages scattered along the upper course of the Iriri, Bacajá, Fresco rivers and other tributaries of the mighty Xingu River, in Central Brazil in a territory almost as large as Austria. It is almost entirely covered by rainforest, with the exception of the eastern portion, covered by some grassland areas.]",bib169,no -3098-location-4,3098,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5569, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5307,no -3098-location-5,3098,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3098-location-4,3098,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.5569, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5330,no +3098-location-5,3098,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3098-speaker_number-1,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""3,950 monolinguals. 469 Xikrin"" (1986 SIL). Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2003). 7,100 (Moore 2006); 19 communities in regular contact with outsiders; 3–4 isolated Kayapó groups of 30–100 people (Crevels 2007); 3,950 monolinguals (2014).",bib67,no @@ -32872,280 +33058,280 @@ many people are proud of it, but others question its usefulness in the wider Ara 7,100 (Moore 2006); 19 communities in regular contact with outsiders; 3–4 isolated Kayapó groups of 30–100 people (Crevels 2007); 3,950 monolinguals (2014).",bib67,no 3098-speakers-2,3098,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,638"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"8,638 (Funasa, 2010)",bib169,no -3098-speaker_number-3,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3098-speakers-3,3098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3098-speaker_number-3,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3098-speakers-3,3098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3098-speaker_number-4,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3098-speakers-4,3098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3098-speaker_number-5,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3098-speakers-5,3098,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7266"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3098-speaker_number-5,3098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3098-speakers-5,3098,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7266"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,266"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3098-LEI-1,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3098-vitality-1,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3098-LEI-2,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3098-vitality-2,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3098-LEI-2,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3098-vitality-2,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3098-LEI-3,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3098-vitality-3,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3098-LEI-4,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3098-vitality-4,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3099-context-1,3099,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tiriy\u00f3""}",,,bib1903,no +3098-LEI-4,3098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3098-vitality-4,3098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3099-context-1,3099,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tiriy\u00f3""}",,,bib1915,no 3099-context-2,3099,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Assimilated to the Tri\u00f3""}",,,bib68,no -3099-location-1,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"For most of the last century, the larger group (apparently with the hypernym Werikyana, which were the ""people of Weriki"", the last great chief of that century) was spread along the Rio Cachorro (Katxuyana), the Rio Trombetas (the Kahu, giving to its people the name Kahyana), and to at least two other rivers (which must logically have been named the Inkarïnï, for the Ingarïnyana, and the Txikïrï, for the Xikuyana). In 1968, so that the young people (who were too closely related to marry) could find spouses, some 40 individuals (all Katxuyana) were airlifted by the Brazilian Air Force to the Missão Tiriyó, well to the north and East of their ancestral lands, and into a completely different environment (the savannahs instead of the jungles). These 40 people were absorbed into the 900 or so people at the Missão TIriós. At that time, two brothers in their 20s (I think) decided to take their chances farther to the west, in the Nhamundá, where they presumably found spouses and built the Nhamundá villages of Cafezal and Areia. In 1997, some of the families from the Missão decided to found new villages farther downriver from the Missão, including Pedra da Onça and Santo Antônio; since then, other small groups of Katxuyana have split off from the larger and more homogenous Tiriyó population, creating another 3-4 small villages in the upper Rio Paru do Oeste. In 2002-3, another cluster of families decided to return to their traditional territory, (re-)founding two villages on the Rio Cachorro: Chapeu and Santidade.",bib2921,yes -3099-location-2,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.043, -55.4589]]}",,,bib5307,no -3099-location-3,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northern Para State, Terra Indigena Parque Tumucumaque.""}",,,bib1903,no +3099-location-1,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"For most of the last century, the larger group (apparently with the hypernym Werikyana, which were the ""people of Weriki"", the last great chief of that century) was spread along the Rio Cachorro (Katxuyana), the Rio Trombetas (the Kahu, giving to its people the name Kahyana), and to at least two other rivers (which must logically have been named the Inkarïnï, for the Ingarïnyana, and the Txikïrï, for the Xikuyana). In 1968, so that the young people (who were too closely related to marry) could find spouses, some 40 individuals (all Katxuyana) were airlifted by the Brazilian Air Force to the Missão Tiriyó, well to the north and East of their ancestral lands, and into a completely different environment (the savannahs instead of the jungles). These 40 people were absorbed into the 900 or so people at the Missão TIriós. At that time, two brothers in their 20s (I think) decided to take their chances farther to the west, in the Nhamundá, where they presumably found spouses and built the Nhamundá villages of Cafezal and Areia. In 1997, some of the families from the Missão decided to found new villages farther downriver from the Missão, including Pedra da Onça and Santo Antônio; since then, other small groups of Katxuyana have split off from the larger and more homogenous Tiriyó population, creating another 3-4 small villages in the upper Rio Paru do Oeste. In 2002-3, another cluster of families decided to return to their traditional territory, (re-)founding two villages on the Rio Cachorro: Chapeu and Santidade.",bib2935,yes +3099-location-2,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.043, -55.4589]]}",,,bib5330,no +3099-location-3,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""northern Para State, Terra Indigena Parque Tumucumaque.""}",,,bib1915,no 3099-location-4,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Northwest Para, Imabu River near perimetral norte, on the Trombetes River near junction with Mapuwera.",bib68,no -3099-location-5,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -3099-speaker_number-1,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2921,yes -3099-speakers-1,3099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2921,yes -3099-speaker_number-2,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3099-speakers-2,3099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3099-speaker_number-3,3099,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -3099-speakers-3,3099,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +3099-location-5,3099,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +3099-speaker_number-1,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2935,yes +3099-speakers-1,3099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2935,yes +3099-speaker_number-2,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3099-speakers-2,3099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3099-speaker_number-3,3099,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +3099-speakers-3,3099,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""69"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 3099-speakers-4,3099,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""69"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,,bib68,no 3099-speaker_number-5,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3099-speakers-5,3099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""434"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3099-speaker_number-6,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -3099-speakers-6,3099,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -3099-LEI-1,3099,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2921,yes -3099-transmission-1,3099,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2921,yes -3099-speaker_number_trends-1,3099,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2921,yes -3099-vitality-1,3099,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2921,yes -3099-LEI-2,3099,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3099-vitality-2,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3099-LEI-3,3099,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3099-vitality-3,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3099-speaker_number-6,3099,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +3099-speakers-6,3099,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +3099-LEI-1,3099,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2935,yes +3099-transmission-1,3099,transmission,4,transmission-4,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2935,yes +3099-speaker_number_trends-1,3099,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2935,yes +3099-vitality-1,3099,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are now between 8 and 10 Katxuyana villages, all with at least a few fully fluent speakers (people older than 50), and some with even the children speaking the language ... most of the villages are small (... none has even 100 people), and ... many of the young people (defined as 50 and younger) are dominant in Tiriyó,",bib2935,yes +3099-LEI-2,3099,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3099-vitality-2,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3099-LEI-3,3099,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3099-vitality-3,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3099-LEI-4,3099,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 3099-vitality-4,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no 3099-LEI-5,3099,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3099-vitality-5,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3099-LEI-6,3099,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3099-vitality-6,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3099-LEI-6,3099,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3099-vitality-6,3099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3100-context-1,3100,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 3100-location-1,3100,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Acre, Rondonia, and Amazonas states, Alto Rio Marmelo, tributary of Rio Abuna.",bib68,no -3100-location-2,3100,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.5682, -66.1596]]}",,,bib5307,no -3100-location-3,3100,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Kaxarar\u00fd on the border\nbetween the federal states of Rondonia and Amazonas.""}",,,bib1903,no -3100-location-4,3100,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3100-location-2,3100,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.5682, -66.1596]]}",,,bib5330,no +3100-location-3,3100,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Kaxarar\u00fd on the border\nbetween the federal states of Rondonia and Amazonas.""}",,,bib1915,no +3100-location-4,3100,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3100-speaker_number-1,3100,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3100-speakers-1,3100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (speaker number); 2009 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -3100-speaker_number-2,3100,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3100-speakers-2,3100,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3100-speakers-3,3100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""269"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,Speaker number: Unknown.,bib1903,no -3100-speaker_number-4,3100,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number: Possibly about 300 (?),bib1902,yes -3100-speakers-4,3100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number: Possibly about 300 (?),bib1902,yes +3100-speaker_number-2,3100,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3100-speakers-2,3100,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3100-speakers-3,3100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""269"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,Speaker number: Unknown.,bib1915,no +3100-speaker_number-4,3100,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number: Possibly about 300 (?),bib1914,yes +3100-speakers-4,3100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number: Possibly about 300 (?),bib1914,yes 3100-speaker_number-5,3100,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3100-speakers-5,3100,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3100-LEI-1,3100,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3100-vitality-1,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3100-LEI-2,3100,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3100-vitality-2,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3100-LEI-3,3100,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3100-vitality-3,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3100-LEI-2,3100,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3100-vitality-2,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3100-LEI-3,3100,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3100-vitality-3,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3100-LEI-4,3100,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3100-vitality-4,3100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3101-context-1,3101,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib327,no -3101-context-2,3101,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Chilean law recognises the existence and rights of ethnic populations"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kaw\u00e9sqar community has demanded Federal bilingual intercultural education system (EIB) include their language, but no educational curricula has been developed as of 2017 (Comunidad Kaw\u00e9sqar Residente en Puerto Ed\u00e9n).""}",,"Documentation projects have produced brief dictionaries, translated traditional narratives, a pedagogical grammar, two teaching handbooks, and a sound archive; however, conversational communicative events remain undocumented.",bib794,yes +3101-context-2,3101,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Chilean law recognises the existence and rights of ethnic populations"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kaw\u00e9sqar community has demanded Federal bilingual intercultural education system (EIB) include their language, but no educational curricula has been developed as of 2017 (Comunidad Kaw\u00e9sqar Residente en Puerto Ed\u00e9n).""}",,"Documentation projects have produced brief dictionaries, translated traditional narratives, a pedagogical grammar, two teaching handbooks, and a sound archive; however, conversational communicative events remain undocumented.",bib798,yes 3101-location-1,3101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-49.0, -75.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3101-location-2,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Tierra del Fuego, Chile""]}",,,bib327,no -3101-location-3,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Puerto Ed\u00e9n, Wellington Island, in the southernmost region ofMagallanes, Chile""], ""Coordinates"": [[-49.0731, -74.2438]]}",,,bib794,yes -3101-location-4,3101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-49.6391, -74.3554]]}",,,bib5307,no +3101-location-3,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Puerto Ed\u00e9n, Wellington Island, in the southernmost region ofMagallanes, Chile""], ""Coordinates"": [[-49.0731, -74.2438]]}",,,bib798,yes +3101-location-4,3101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-49.6391, -74.3554]]}",,,bib5330,no 3101-location-5,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""], ""Description"": ""West Patagonia, Channel region, Isle of Wellington off south Chilean coast, 49 degrees south""}",,,bib68,no -3101-location-6,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""]}",,,bib1902,no +3101-location-6,3101,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""]}",,,bib1914,no 3101-speaker_number-1,3101,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Kawesqar is spoken today by only 7 persons as a first language in their daily interaction. There is a small number of urban semi-speakers who rarely speak the language and use only Spanish as their means of communication, and more than 200 Kawesqar-descendants whose mother tongue is Spanish.",bib327,no 3101-speakers-1,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Kawesqar is spoken today by only 7 persons as a first language in their daily interaction. There is a small number of urban semi-speakers who rarely speak the language and use only Spanish as their means of communication, and more than 200 Kawesqar-descendants whose mother tongue is Spanish.",bib327,no -3101-speaker_number-2,3101,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib794,yes -3101-speakers-2,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""980"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""About 10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib794,yes -3101-speaker_number-3,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3101-speakers-3,3101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3101-speaker_number-2,3101,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib798,yes +3101-speakers-2,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""980"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""About 10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib798,yes +3101-speaker_number-3,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3101-speakers-3,3101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3101-speaker_number-4,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib68,no 3101-speakers-4,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,620"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (speaker numbers); 2002 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib68,no 3101-speaker_number-5,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3101-speakers-5,3101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3101-speaker_number-6,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -3101-speakers-6,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,622"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +3101-speaker_number-6,3101,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +3101-speakers-6,3101,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,622"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 3101-LEI-1,3101,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib327,no 3101-transmission-1,3101,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib327,no 3101-domains_of_use-1,3101,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib327,no 3101-speaker_number_trends-1,3101,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib327,no 3101-vitality-1,3101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib327,no -3101-LEI-2,3101,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib794,yes -3101-transmission-2,3101,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib794,yes -3101-domains_of_use-2,3101,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib794,yes -3101-speaker_number_trends-2,3101,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib794,yes -3101-vitality-2,3101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib794,yes -3101-LEI-3,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3101-vitality-3,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3101-LEI-2,3101,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib798,yes +3101-transmission-2,3101,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib798,yes +3101-domains_of_use-2,3101,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib798,yes +3101-speaker_number_trends-2,3101,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib798,yes +3101-vitality-2,3101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Oral traditions of animal tales and songs have been documented, and used to be performed.",bib798,yes +3101-LEI-3,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3101-vitality-3,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3101-LEI-4,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3101-vitality-4,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 3101-LEI-5,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3101-vitality-5,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3101-LEI-6,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3101-vitality-6,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3101-LEI-6,3101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3101-vitality-6,3101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3102-context-1,3102,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no -3102-context-2,3102,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,yes +3102-context-2,3102,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,yes 3102-location-1,3102,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib68,no 3102-location-2,3102,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.4899, -69.2578]]}",,,,no -3102-location-3,3102,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Upper Jurua River region, Acre State, Tarauaca Municipality, Terra Indigena Rio Gregorio; Tarauaca and Ipixuna municipalities, Terra Indiena Rio Campinas, on the border of the Amazonas and Acre states.""}",,,bib1903,yes +3102-location-3,3102,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Upper Jurua River region, Acre State, Tarauaca Municipality, Terra Indigena Rio Gregorio; Tarauaca and Ipixuna municipalities, Terra Indiena Rio Campinas, on the border of the Amazonas and Acre states.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3102-speaker_number-1,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3102-speakers-1,3102,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -3102-speaker_number-2,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3102-speakers-2,3102,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3102-speaker_number-3,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All Katukina do Acre speak their native language among themselves. Portuguese is only used for communication with the outside world.,bib1903,yes -3102-speakers-3,3102,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""318"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""318"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All Katukina do Acre speak their native language among themselves. Portuguese is only used for communication with the outside world.,bib1903,yes +3102-speaker_number-2,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3102-speakers-2,3102,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3102-speaker_number-3,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All Katukina do Acre speak their native language among themselves. Portuguese is only used for communication with the outside world.,bib1915,yes +3102-speakers-3,3102,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""318"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""318"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,All Katukina do Acre speak their native language among themselves. Portuguese is only used for communication with the outside world.,bib1915,yes 3102-speaker_number-4,3102,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Crevels has listed the Pano-Takanan Katukina together with varieties of the Harámbut-Katukinan Katukina, so that it is not possible to interpret her speaker figures accuratedly. She gives: -Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanamarí, Canamari], Tsohom-Dyapa [Tsunhum-Djapá, Tyonhwak Dyapa], Katukina do Acre, Katukina Pano) with 2239 speakers and 2239 ethnic population (data form 2008).",bib1902,no +Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanamarí, Canamari], Tsohom-Dyapa [Tsunhum-Djapá, Tyonhwak Dyapa], Katukina do Acre, Katukina Pano) with 2239 speakers and 2239 ethnic population (data form 2008).",bib1914,no 3102-speakers-4,3102,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,239?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,239?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Crevels has listed the Pano-Takanan Katukina together with varieties of the Harámbut-Katukinan Katukina, so that it is not possible to interpret her speaker figures accuratedly. She gives: -Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanamarí, Canamari], Tsohom-Dyapa [Tsunhum-Djapá, Tyonhwak Dyapa], Katukina do Acre, Katukina Pano) with 2239 speakers and 2239 ethnic population (data form 2008).",bib1902,no +Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanamarí, Canamari], Tsohom-Dyapa [Tsunhum-Djapá, Tyonhwak Dyapa], Katukina do Acre, Katukina Pano) with 2239 speakers and 2239 ethnic population (data form 2008).",bib1914,no 3102-speaker_number-5,3102,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3102-speakers-5,3102,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""196"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3102-LEI-1,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3102-vitality-1,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3102-LEI-2,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3102-vitality-2,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3102-LEI-3,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -3102-vitality-3,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes -3102-LEI-4,3102,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3102-vitality-4,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3102-LEI-2,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3102-vitality-2,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3102-LEI-3,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +3102-vitality-3,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes +3102-LEI-4,3102,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3102-vitality-4,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3102-LEI-5,3102,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3102-vitality-5,3102,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3103-location-1,3103,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -3103-location-2,3103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.8416, -66.0937]]}",,,bib5307,no -3103-location-3,3103,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Jacareuba River, a right-bank tributary of the Purus River, Municipality of Canutama, Terra Indigena Jacareuba/Katawixi.""}",,,bib1903,no +3103-location-2,3103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.8416, -66.0937]]}",,,bib5330,no +3103-location-3,3103,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Amazonas State, Jacareuba River, a right-bank tributary of the Purus River, Municipality of Canutama, Terra Indigena Jacareuba/Katawixi.""}",,,bib1915,no 3103-speaker_number-1,3103,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,10 (1986 SIL),bib67,no 3103-speakers-1,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,10 (1986 SIL),bib67,no -3103-speakers-2,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib496,yes -3103-speaker_number-3,3103,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3103-speakers-3,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3103-speaker_number-4,3103,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -3103-speakers-4,3103,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +3103-speakers-2,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib499,yes +3103-speaker_number-3,3103,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3103-speakers-3,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3103-speaker_number-4,3103,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +3103-speakers-4,3103,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 3103-speaker_number-5,3103,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3103-speakers-5,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3103-speaker_number-6,3103,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number: Possibly 10 (?); Ethnic population: Possibly 10 (?),bib1902,no -3103-speakers-6,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number: Possibly 10 (?); Ethnic population: Possibly 10 (?),bib1902,no +3103-speaker_number-6,3103,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number: Possibly 10 (?); Ethnic population: Possibly 10 (?),bib1914,no +3103-speakers-6,3103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number: Possibly 10 (?); Ethnic population: Possibly 10 (?),bib1914,no 3103-LEI-1,3103,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3103-vitality-1,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3103-LEI-2,3103,LEI,Dormant (),,Probably extinct,bib496,yes -3103-vitality-2,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Probably extinct,bib496,yes -3103-LEI-3,3103,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3103-vitality-3,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3103-LEI-4,3103,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3103-vitality-4,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3103-LEI-2,3103,LEI,Dormant (),,Probably extinct,bib499,yes +3103-vitality-2,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Probably extinct,bib499,yes +3103-LEI-3,3103,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3103-vitality-3,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3103-LEI-4,3103,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3103-vitality-4,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3103-LEI-5,3103,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3103-vitality-5,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3103-LEI-6,3103,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3103-vitality-6,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3106-context-1,3106,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1903,no +3103-LEI-6,3103,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3103-vitality-6,3103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3106-context-1,3106,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib1915,no 3106-location-1,3106,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.5, -64.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3106-location-2,3106,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7307, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5307,no -3106-location-3,3106,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Rondonia State, Terra Indigena Karitiana, Terra Indigena Karipuna.""}",,,bib1903,no +3106-location-2,3106,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7307, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5330,no +3106-location-3,3106,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Rondonia State, Terra Indigena Karitiana, Terra Indigena Karipuna.""}",,,bib1915,no 3106-location-4,3106,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia, Candeias river",bib68,no -3106-speaker_number-1,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3106-speakers-1,3106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3106-speaker_number-2,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3106-speakers-2,3106,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3106-speaker_number-1,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3106-speakers-1,3106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3106-speaker_number-2,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3106-speakers-2,3106,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3106-speaker_number-3,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3106-speakers-3,3106,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 (speaker numbers); 2005 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 3106-speaker_number-4,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3106-speakers-4,3106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3106-speaker_number-5,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3106-speakers-5,3106,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -3106-LEI-1,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3106-vitality-1,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3106-LEI-2,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3106-vitality-2,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3106-speaker_number-5,3106,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3106-speakers-5,3106,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""320"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +3106-LEI-1,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3106-vitality-1,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3106-LEI-2,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3106-vitality-2,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3106-LEI-3,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3106-vitality-3,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 3106-LEI-4,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3106-vitality-4,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3106-LEI-5,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3106-vitality-5,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3106-LEI-5,3106,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3106-vitality-5,3106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3107-context-1,3107,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tenharim""}",,,bib68,no 3107-location-1,3107,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia State, banks of Jaru, Jamery, Urupa, Cabecciras, Candeias, and Jaciparana rivers.""}",,"Rondonia State, banks of Jaru, Jamery, Urupa, Cabecciras, Candeias, and Jaciparana rivers.",bib68,no -3107-location-2,3107,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.2284, -64.5556]]}",,,bib5307,no +3107-location-2,3107,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.2284, -64.5556]]}",,,bib5330,no 3107-location-3,3107,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.0, -65.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3107-location-4,3107,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil (Rond\u00f4nia)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3107-location-4,3107,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil (Rond\u00f4nia)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3107-speaker_number-1,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,10 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 21 (2001) (2013 unchanged).,bib68,no 3107-speakers-1,3107,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (speak number); 2001 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,10 (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 21 (2001) (2013 unchanged).,bib68,no -3107-speaker_number-2,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3107-speakers-2,3107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3107-speaker_number-3,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -3107-speakers-3,3107,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes +3107-speaker_number-2,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3107-speakers-2,3107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3107-speaker_number-3,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +3107-speakers-3,3107,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes 3107-speaker_number-4,3107,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3107-speakers-4,3107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3107-LEI-1,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3107-vitality-1,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3107-LEI-2,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3107-vitality-2,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3107-LEI-3,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3107-vitality-3,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3107-LEI-2,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3107-vitality-2,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3107-LEI-3,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3107-vitality-3,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3107-LEI-4,3107,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3107-vitality-4,3107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3110-context-1,3110,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no -3110-location-1,3110,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.05245189, 134.4007513]]}",,,bib1182,no +3110-context-1,3110,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no +3110-location-1,3110,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.05245189, 134.4007513]]}",,,bib1191,no 3110-location-2,3110,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia, north central area.""}",,,bib69,no 3110-speaker_number-1,3110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 3110-speakers-1,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -3110-speaker_number-2,3110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3110-speakers-2,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3110-speaker_number-2,3110,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3110-speakers-2,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3110-speaker_number-3,3110,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,yes 3110-speakers-3,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,yes 3110-speaker_number-4,3110,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib69,no 3110-speakers-4,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib69,no -3110-speakers-5,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7937,no +3110-speakers-5,3110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7962,no 3110-LEI-1,3110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3110-vitality-1,3110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3110-LEI-2,3110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3110-vitality-2,3110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3110-LEI-2,3110,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3110-vitality-2,3110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3110-LEI-3,3110,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 3110-vitality-3,3110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3110-LEI-4,3110,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3110-vitality-4,3110,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 3111-location-1,3111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.833333333333, -70.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3111-location-2,3111,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Vaupés Department, Cano Tí (tributary of middle Vaupés River) and upper Papurí and Pirá-Paraná rivers.",bib67,no -3111-location-3,3111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9337, -70.8178]]}",,,bib5307,no -3111-location-4,3111,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +3111-location-3,3111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9337, -70.8178]]}",,,bib5330,no +3111-location-4,3111,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 3111-speaker_number-1,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,600 in Colombia; 42 Brazil (2016).,bib67,no 3111-speakers-1,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 Colombia; 2006 Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,600 in Colombia; 42 Brazil (2016).,bib67,no -3111-speaker_number-2,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3111-speakers-2,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""123"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3111-speaker_number-2,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3111-speakers-2,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""123"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3111-speaker_number-3,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3111-speakers-3,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3111-speaker_number-4,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 63 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 464 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1902,yes -3111-speakers-4,3111,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""527"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""527"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Brazil, 2001 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 63 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 464 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1902,yes -3111-speaker_number-5,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 300; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 464; Censo 2005: 482.,bib6064,no -3111-speakers-5,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""464"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 300; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 464; Censo 2005: 482.,bib6064,no +3111-speaker_number-4,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 63 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 464 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1914,yes +3111-speakers-4,3111,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""527"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""527"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 Brazil, 2001 Colombia"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 63 speakers in Brazil (2005) and 464 speakers in Colombia (2001).,bib1914,yes +3111-speaker_number-5,3111,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 300; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 464; Censo 2005: 482.,bib6088,no +3111-speakers-5,3111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""464"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 300; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 464; Censo 2005: 482.,bib6088,no 3111-LEI-1,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3111-vitality-1,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3111-LEI-2,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3111-vitality-2,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3111-LEI-2,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3111-vitality-2,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3111-LEI-3,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3111-vitality-3,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3111-LEI-4,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3111-vitality-4,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3111-LEI-5,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -3111-vitality-5,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no +3111-LEI-4,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3111-vitality-4,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3111-LEI-5,3111,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +3111-vitality-5,3111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no 3113-context-1,3113,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 3113-location-1,3113,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia State, Guapor\u00e9 river.""}",,,bib68,no -3113-location-2,3113,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western and southeastern Rondonia, Terra Indigena Rio Omere, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, A rea Indigena Sagarana, Guajara-Mirim"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.79, -65.332]]}",,,bib1903,no +3113-location-2,3113,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""western and southeastern Rondonia, Terra Indigena Rio Omere, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, A rea Indigena Sagarana, Guajara-Mirim"", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.79, -65.332]]}",,,bib1915,no 3113-speaker_number-1,3113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib68,no 3113-speakers-1,3113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib68,no -3113-speaker_number-2,3113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,yes -3113-speakers-2,3113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95 (2002)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,yes -3113-speaker_number-3,3113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -3113-speakers-3,3113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +3113-speaker_number-2,3113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,yes +3113-speakers-2,3113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95 (2002)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,yes +3113-speaker_number-3,3113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +3113-speakers-3,3113,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 3113-LEI-1,3113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3113-vitality-1,3113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3113-LEI-2,3113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3113-vitality-2,3113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3113-LEI-3,3113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3113-vitality-3,3113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -3114-location-1,3114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.1099, -96.8539]]}",,,bib5307,no +3113-LEI-2,3113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3113-vitality-2,3113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3113-LEI-3,3113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3113-vitality-3,3113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +3114-location-1,3114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.1099, -96.8539]]}",,,bib5330,no 3114-location-2,3114,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca, Etla District, San Felipe Tejalapan""}",,,bib67,yes -3114-speaker_number-1,3114,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3114-speakers-1,3114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3114-speaker_number-1,3114,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3114-speakers-1,3114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3114-speaker_number-2,3114,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3114-speakers-2,3114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""124"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3114-speaker_number-3,3114,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes 3114-speakers-3,3114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,656"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes -3114-LEI-1,3114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3114-vitality-1,3114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3114-LEI-1,3114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3114-vitality-1,3114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3114-LEI-2,3114,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3114-vitality-2,3114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3114-LEI-3,3114,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -33160,7 +33346,7 @@ Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanam 3116-vitality-1,3116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3116-LEI-2,3116,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3116-vitality-2,3116,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3117-location-1,3117,location,"{""Places"": [""Elotepec (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib788,no +3117-location-1,3117,location,"{""Places"": [""Elotepec (town), Mexico""]}",,,bib792,no 3117-location-2,3117,location,"{""Places"": [""Oaxaca state, Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[18.108522, -96.138497]]}",,,bib70,yes 3117-speaker_number-1,3117,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker numbers calculated from three separate language pages on Ethnologue.,bib70,yes 3117-speakers-1,3117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990-1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker numbers calculated from three separate language pages on Ethnologue.,bib70,yes @@ -33168,14 +33354,14 @@ Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanam 3117-vitality-1,3117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mainly older adults and no monolinguals,bib70,yes 3122-context-1,3122,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Used as L2 by Awetí,bib68,no 3122-location-1,3122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0833333333, -52.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -3122-location-2,3122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1655, -53.4292]]}",,,bib5307,no -3122-location-3,3122,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, one village about 9km to the north of Posto Leonardo Villas-Boas, near to the south bank of Lake Ipavu, 6km from the Kuluene River.""}",,,bib1903,no +3122-location-2,3122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1655, -53.4292]]}",,,bib5330,no +3122-location-3,3122,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, one village about 9km to the north of Posto Leonardo Villas-Boas, near to the south bank of Lake Ipavu, 6km from the Kuluene River.""}",,,bib1915,no 3122-location-4,3122,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Xing\u00fa park.""}",,,bib68,no -3122-location-5,3122,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -3122-speaker_number-1,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3122-speakers-1,3122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3122-speaker_number-2,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3122-speakers-2,3122,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""355"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3122-location-5,3122,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +3122-speaker_number-1,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3122-speakers-1,3122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3122-speaker_number-2,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3122-speakers-2,3122,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""355"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3122-speaker_number-3,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"360 (2002 ISA) 400 (2011 S. Drude). Ethnic population: 520 (2009 FUNASA) (2014)",bib68,no @@ -33184,72 +33370,72 @@ Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanam 400 (2011 S. Drude). Ethnic population: 520 (2009 FUNASA) (2014)",bib68,no 3122-speaker_number-4,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3122-speakers-4,3122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""279"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3122-speaker_number-5,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3122-speakers-5,3122,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""492"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (speaker numbers); 2006 (ethic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -3122-LEI-1,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3122-vitality-1,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3122-LEI-2,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3122-vitality-2,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3122-speaker_number-5,3122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3122-speakers-5,3122,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""492"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (speaker numbers); 2006 (ethic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +3122-LEI-1,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3122-vitality-1,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3122-LEI-2,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3122-vitality-2,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3122-LEI-3,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All children learn Kamayura as their L1 (2011),bib68,no 3122-vitality-3,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All children learn Kamayura as their L1 (2011),bib68,no 3122-LEI-4,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3122-vitality-4,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3122-LEI-5,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3122-vitality-5,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3124-location-1,3124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.2666, -96.3666]]}",,,bib5307,no +3122-LEI-5,3122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3122-vitality-5,3122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3124-location-1,3124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.2666, -96.3666]]}",,,bib5330,no 3124-location-2,3124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3333333333, -96.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3124-location-3,3124,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3124-speaker_number-1,3124,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3124-speakers-1,3124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3124-speaker_number-1,3124,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3124-speakers-1,3124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3124-speaker_number-2,3124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3124-speakers-2,3124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3124-speaker_number-3,3124,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes 3124-speakers-3,3124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes -3124-LEI-1,3124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3124-vitality-1,3124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3124-LEI-1,3124,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3124-vitality-1,3124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3124-LEI-2,3124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3124-vitality-2,3124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3124-LEI-3,3124,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3124-vitality-3,3124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3125-context-1,3125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,yes -3125-location-1,3125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3, -95.7166]]}",,,bib5307,no +3125-location-1,3125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3, -95.7166]]}",,,bib5330,no 3125-location-2,3125,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""East Oaxaca, Asunci\u00f3n Tlacolulita, San Juan Alotepec""}",,,bib67,yes -3125-speaker_number-1,3125,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3125-speakers-1,3125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3125-speaker_number-1,3125,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3125-speakers-1,3125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3125-speaker_number-2,3125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3125-speakers-2,3125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3125-speaker_number-3,3125,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number and ethnic population data: 1990 census. 111 users 50 years of age or older (1990),bib67,yes 3125-speakers-3,3125,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""904"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data: 1990 census. 111 users 50 years of age or older (1990),bib67,yes -3125-LEI-1,3125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3125-vitality-1,3125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3125-LEI-1,3125,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3125-vitality-1,3125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3125-LEI-2,3125,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3125-vitality-2,3125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3125-LEI-3,3125,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3125-vitality-3,3125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3127-location-1,3127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.8333, -95.1166]]}",,,bib5307,no +3127-location-1,3127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.8333, -95.1166]]}",,,bib5330,no 3127-location-2,3127,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3127-speaker_number-1,3127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3127-speakers-1,3127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,613"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3127-speaker_number-1,3127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3127-speakers-1,3127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,613"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3127-speaker_number-2,3127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3127-speakers-2,3127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3127-speaker_number-3,3127,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,220 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,yes 3127-speakers-3,3127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,220 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,yes -3127-LEI-1,3127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3127-vitality-1,3127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3127-LEI-1,3127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3127-vitality-1,3127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3127-LEI-2,3127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3127-vitality-2,3127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3127-LEI-3,3127,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3127-vitality-3,3127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3128-location-1,3128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.4333, -95.9666]]}",,,bib5307,no +3128-location-1,3128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.4333, -95.9666]]}",,,bib5330,no 3128-location-2,3128,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3128-speaker_number-1,3128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3128-speakers-1,3128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""246"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3128-speaker_number-1,3128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3128-speakers-1,3128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""246"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3128-speaker_number-2,3128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3128-speakers-2,3128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3128-speaker_number-3,3128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes 3128-speakers-3,3128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes -3128-LEI-1,3128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3128-vitality-1,3128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3128-LEI-1,3128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3128-vitality-1,3128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3128-LEI-2,3128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3128-vitality-2,3128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3128-LEI-3,3128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -33266,559 +33452,559 @@ Katukina-Kanamari (Katukina [Tüküná, Pi:Dyapa], Kanamarí [Tüküna Kanam 3129-vitality-1,3129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3129-LEI-2,3129,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct,bib67,yes 3129-vitality-2,3129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Nearly extinct,bib67,yes -3130-context-1,3130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7615,yes +3130-context-1,3130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7640,yes 3130-context-2,3130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib67,no -3130-location-1,3130,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State and Division, Zungur District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.105134, 9.821771]]}",,,bib6944,no +3130-location-1,3130,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State and Division, Zungur District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.105134, 9.821771]]}",,,bib6968,no 3130-location-2,3130,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Bauchi LGA, Mangas town.""}",,,bib67,no 3130-speaker_number-1,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3130-speakers-1,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3130-speaker_number-2,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -3130-speakers-2,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -3130-speaker_number-3,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -3130-speakers-3,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +3130-speaker_number-2,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +3130-speakers-2,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +3130-speaker_number-3,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +3130-speakers-3,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 3130-speaker_number-4,3130,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3130-speakers-4,3130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 3130-LEI-1,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3130-vitality-1,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3130-LEI-2,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3130-vitality-2,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -3130-LEI-3,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3130-vitality-3,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +3130-LEI-2,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3130-vitality-2,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +3130-LEI-3,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3130-vitality-3,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 3130-LEI-4,3130,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3130-vitality-4,3130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3132-location-1,3132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.629469, 143.850325]]}",,,bib7945,no +3132-location-1,3132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.629469, 143.850325]]}",,,bib7970,no 3132-location-2,3132,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3132-speaker_number-1,3132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3132-speakers-1,3132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3132-speaker_number-2,3132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3132-speakers-2,3132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3132-speaker_number-2,3132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3132-speakers-2,3132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3132-speakers-3,3132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003).,bib67,no 3132-LEI-1,3132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3132-vitality-1,3132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3132-LEI-2,3132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3132-vitality-2,3132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3133-location-1,3133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.94787072, 146.6193904]]}",,,bib1182,no +3132-LEI-2,3132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3132-vitality-2,3132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3133-location-1,3133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.94787072, 146.6193904]]}",,,bib1191,no 3133-speaker_number-1,3133,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3133-speakers-1,3133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3133-speaker_number-2,3133,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3133-speakers-2,3133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3133-speaker_number-2,3133,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3133-speakers-2,3133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3133-speaker_number-3,3133,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3133-speakers-3,3133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3133-LEI-1,3133,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3133-vitality-1,3133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3133-LEI-2,3133,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3133-vitality-2,3133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3133-LEI-2,3133,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3133-vitality-2,3133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3133-LEI-3,3133,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3133-vitality-3,3133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3134-context-1,3134,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Berta""}",,,bib7615,yes -3134-location-1,3134,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.898, 34.2773]]}",,,bib5307,no -3134-location-2,3134,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Jebel Malkan region south of the Blue Nile in northern Sudan, near the Ethiopian border.""}",,,bib7615,yes +3134-context-1,3134,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Berta""}",,,bib7640,yes +3134-location-1,3134,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.898, 34.2773]]}",,,bib5330,no +3134-location-2,3134,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Jebel Malkan region south of the Blue Nile in northern Sudan, near the Ethiopian border.""}",,,bib7640,yes 3134-location-3,3134,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -3134-speaker_number-1,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3134-speakers-1,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3134-speaker_number-2,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -3134-speakers-2,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +3134-speaker_number-1,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3134-speakers-1,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3134-speaker_number-2,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +3134-speakers-2,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 3134-speaker_number-3,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3134-speakers-3,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3134-speaker_number-4,3134,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Bender (1988).,bib67,no 3134-speakers-4,3134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Bender (1988).,bib67,no -3134-LEI-1,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3134-vitality-1,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3134-LEI-2,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3134-vitality-2,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +3134-LEI-1,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3134-vitality-1,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3134-LEI-2,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3134-vitality-2,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 3134-LEI-3,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3134-vitality-3,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3134-LEI-4,3134,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3134-vitality-4,3134,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3136-location-1,3136,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.019333, 148.776722]]}",,,bib7945,no +3136-location-1,3136,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.019333, 148.776722]]}",,,bib7970,no 3136-speaker_number-1,3136,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3136-speakers-1,3136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3136-speaker_number-2,3136,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3136-speakers-2,3136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3136-speaker_number-2,3136,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3136-speakers-2,3136,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3136-LEI-1,3136,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3136-vitality-1,3136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3136-LEI-2,3136,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3136-vitality-2,3136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3136-LEI-2,3136,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3136-vitality-2,3136,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3137-context-1,3137,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cubeo, Desano, Guanano, Spanish""}",,,bib68,yes 3137-location-1,3137,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Upper Vaupés Department, Wacará, 30 km east of Mitú.",bib68,yes -3137-location-2,3137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9166, -69.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -3137-location-3,3137,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1903,no +3137-location-2,3137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9166, -69.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +3137-location-3,3137,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1915,no 3137-location-4,3137,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.08333333333, -70.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3137-speaker_number-1,3137,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Many monolinguals, especially children.",bib68,yes 3137-speakers-1,3137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Many monolinguals, especially children.",bib68,yes -3137-speaker_number-2,3137,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3137-speakers-2,3137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3137-speaker_number-2,3137,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3137-speakers-2,3137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3137-speaker_number-3,3137,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Kakua and Nukak share about 90 per cent of their lexicon and supposedly -are mutually intelligible.",bib1903,no +are mutually intelligible.",bib1915,no 3137-speakers-3,3137,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Kakua and Nukak share about 90 per cent of their lexicon and supposedly -are mutually intelligible.",bib1903,no +are mutually intelligible.",bib1915,no 3137-speaker_number-4,3137,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3137-speakers-4,3137,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3137-LEI-1,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 3137-vitality-1,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -3137-LEI-2,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3137-vitality-2,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3137-LEI-3,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3137-vitality-3,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3137-LEI-2,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3137-vitality-2,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3137-LEI-3,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3137-vitality-3,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3137-LEI-4,3137,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3137-vitality-4,3137,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3138-location-1,3138,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.23445, 133.017806]]}",,,bib7945,no +3138-location-1,3138,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.23445, 133.017806]]}",,,bib7970,no 3138-speaker_number-1,3138,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3138-speakers-1,3138,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3138-speaker_number-2,3138,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3138-speakers-2,3138,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3138-speaker_number-2,3138,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3138-speakers-2,3138,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3138-LEI-1,3138,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3138-vitality-1,3138,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3138-LEI-2,3138,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3138-speaker_number_trends-2,3138,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -3138-vitality-2,3138,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7422,yes -3139-location-1,3139,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.21067033, 144.7191154]]}",,,bib1182,no +3138-LEI-2,3138,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3138-speaker_number_trends-2,3138,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +3138-vitality-2,3138,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7446,yes +3139-location-1,3139,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.21067033, 144.7191154]]}",,,bib1191,no 3139-speaker_number-1,3139,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3139-speakers-1,3139,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3139-speaker_number-2,3139,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3139-speakers-2,3139,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3139-speaker_number-2,3139,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3139-speakers-2,3139,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3139-LEI-1,3139,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3139-vitality-1,3139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3139-LEI-2,3139,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3139-vitality-2,3139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3139-LEI-2,3139,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3139-vitality-2,3139,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3140-context-1,3140,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Tibetan""}",,,bib67,no -3140-location-1,3140,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4735, 96.4764]]}",,,bib5307,no -3140-location-2,3140,location,"{""Places"": [""India and China""], ""Description"": ""China: southeast Tibet, Zayul County, three villages (Songgu, Lading and Tama) in Lower Zayul Township; also India: northeast Arunachal Pradesh, Walong and surrounding villages""}",,Spoken by under a thousand people with about a third fairly recently arrived in India and the rest still in Tibet.,bib1205,yes +3140-location-1,3140,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4735, 96.4764]]}",,,bib5330,no +3140-location-2,3140,location,"{""Places"": [""India and China""], ""Description"": ""China: southeast Tibet, Zayul County, three villages (Songgu, Lading and Tama) in Lower Zayul Township; also India: northeast Arunachal Pradesh, Walong and surrounding villages""}",,Spoken by under a thousand people with about a third fairly recently arrived in India and the rest still in Tibet.,bib1214,yes 3140-location-3,3140,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Lohit District, Walong and Kibithoo, Lohit River area""}",,,bib67,no -3140-speaker_number-1,3140,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3140-speakers-1,3140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3140-speaker_number-2,3140,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -3140-speakers-2,3140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +3140-speaker_number-1,3140,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3140-speakers-1,3140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3140-speaker_number-2,3140,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +3140-speakers-2,3140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 3140-speaker_number-3,3140,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3140-speakers-3,3140,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3140-speaker_number-4,3140,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3140-speakers-4,3140,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3140-LEI-1,3140,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3140-vitality-1,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3140-LEI-2,3140,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All speakers are multilingual.,bib1205,yes -3140-vitality-2,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All speakers are multilingual.,bib1205,yes +3140-LEI-1,3140,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3140-vitality-1,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3140-LEI-2,3140,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All speakers are multilingual.,bib1214,yes +3140-vitality-2,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All speakers are multilingual.,bib1214,yes 3140-LEI-3,3140,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3140-vitality-3,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3140-LEI-4,3140,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3140-vitality-4,3140,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3142-context-2,3142,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa;""}",,"Lost ground in favour of the contact language in the area, Hausa.",bib7615,no +3142-context-2,3142,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa;""}",,"Lost ground in favour of the contact language in the area, Hausa.",bib7640,no 3142-location-1,3142,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state: Toro LGA, Kere and Ziriya.""}",,,bib69,no -3142-location-2,3142,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Several villages such as Z\u00ecr\u00ecy\u00e0 (5km south of Yaagi near Chokobo), K\u00e9r\u00e9 (two miles east of Rahaman Bauchi) and probably Wurno."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.350721, 8.850492], [10.466733, 8.807642]]}",,,bib6944,no -3142-location-3,3142,location,"{""Places"": [""10.226000, 8.500000""], ""Description"": ""Ziriya village is situated at N10\u02da 22.6, E 8\u02da 50. Ziriya was divided into a number of wards as follows; Ziriya, Salingo, Kajakana, Wurno, Ungwar Marika, Funka and Farin Dutse... There is a third village, K\u03b5r\u03b5, \nsomewhat further north, where the language was dropped even longer ago. ""}",,,bib2088,no -3142-location-4,3142,location,"{""Description"": ""Jos area, Nigeria.""}",,,bib7615,no -3142-speakers-1,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"[One] person with any recall of the language... The language has definitively disappeared, and even Sarkin Yakubu [the last rememberer] had only spoken it as a child, some sixty years ago. He could recall some greetings and some numbers.",bib5485,yes +3142-location-2,3142,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Several villages such as Z\u00ecr\u00ecy\u00e0 (5km south of Yaagi near Chokobo), K\u00e9r\u00e9 (two miles east of Rahaman Bauchi) and probably Wurno."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.350721, 8.850492], [10.466733, 8.807642]]}",,,bib6968,no +3142-location-3,3142,location,"{""Places"": [""10.226000, 8.500000""], ""Description"": ""Ziriya village is situated at N10\u02da 22.6, E 8\u02da 50. Ziriya was divided into a number of wards as follows; Ziriya, Salingo, Kajakana, Wurno, Ungwar Marika, Funka and Farin Dutse... There is a third village, K\u03b5r\u03b5, \nsomewhat further north, where the language was dropped even longer ago. ""}",,,bib2101,no +3142-location-4,3142,location,"{""Description"": ""Jos area, Nigeria.""}",,,bib7640,no +3142-speakers-1,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"[One] person with any recall of the language... The language has definitively disappeared, and even Sarkin Yakubu [the last rememberer] had only spoken it as a child, some sixty years ago. He could recall some greetings and some numbers.",bib5508,yes 3142-speakers-2,3142,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -3142-speaker_number-3,3142,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few speakers seem to have some knowledge of Zìrìyà nowadays.,bib6944,no -3142-speakers-3,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few speakers seem to have some knowledge of Zìrìyà nowadays.,bib6944,no -3142-speaker_number-4,3142,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"We visited Ziriya on 30th December 2003 and were able to interview Sarki Abubakar Yakubu, probably the last person with any recall of the language.",bib2088,no -3142-speakers-4,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"We visited Ziriya on 30th December 2003 and were able to interview Sarki Abubakar Yakubu, probably the last person with any recall of the language.",bib2088,no -3142-LEI-1,3142,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5485,yes -3142-vitality-1,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5485,yes +3142-speaker_number-3,3142,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few speakers seem to have some knowledge of Zìrìyà nowadays.,bib6968,no +3142-speakers-3,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few speakers seem to have some knowledge of Zìrìyà nowadays.,bib6968,no +3142-speaker_number-4,3142,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"We visited Ziriya on 30th December 2003 and were able to interview Sarki Abubakar Yakubu, probably the last person with any recall of the language.",bib2101,no +3142-speakers-4,3142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"We visited Ziriya on 30th December 2003 and were able to interview Sarki Abubakar Yakubu, probably the last person with any recall of the language.",bib2101,no +3142-LEI-1,3142,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5508,yes +3142-vitality-1,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5508,yes 3142-LEI-2,3142,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 3142-vitality-2,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -3142-LEI-3,3142,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3142-vitality-3,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -3142-LEI-4,3142,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2088,no -3142-vitality-4,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2088,no -3144-location-1,3144,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0833, 76.85]]}",,,bib5307,no -3144-location-2,3144,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib6988,yes -3144-location-3,3144,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kashmir, Kargil district.""}",,,bib7525,no +3142-LEI-3,3142,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3142-vitality-3,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +3142-LEI-4,3142,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2101,no +3142-vitality-4,3142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2101,no +3144-location-1,3144,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0833, 76.85]]}",,,bib5330,no +3144-location-2,3144,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib7012,yes +3144-location-3,3144,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kashmir, Kargil district.""}",,,bib7550,no 3144-location-4,3144,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no 3144-speaker_number-1,3144,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3144-speakers-1,3144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3144-speaker_number-2,3144,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Considered dialect of Ladakhi,bib6988,yes -3144-speakers-2,3144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Considered dialect of Ladakhi,bib6988,yes +3144-speaker_number-2,3144,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Considered dialect of Ladakhi,bib7012,yes +3144-speakers-2,3144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Considered dialect of Ladakhi,bib7012,yes 3144-speaker_number-3,3144,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3144-speakers-3,3144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 3144-LEI-1,3144,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3144-vitality-1,3144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3144-LEI-2,3144,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6988,yes -3144-vitality-2,3144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6988,yes +3144-LEI-2,3144,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7012,yes +3144-vitality-2,3144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7012,yes 3144-LEI-3,3144,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3144-vitality-3,3144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3145-context-1,3145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili;""}",,Most Zaramo tend to speak Swahili as a first language these days.,bib7615,yes -3145-location-1,3145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.922, 39.2409]]}",,,bib5307,no -3145-location-2,3145,location,"{""Description"": ""Most Zaramo live along the Tanzanian coast between Bagamoyo and Dar es Salaam.""}",,,bib7615,yes +3145-context-1,3145,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili;""}",,Most Zaramo tend to speak Swahili as a first language these days.,bib7640,yes +3145-location-1,3145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.922, 39.2409]]}",,,bib5330,no +3145-location-2,3145,location,"{""Description"": ""Most Zaramo live along the Tanzanian coast between Bagamoyo and Dar es Salaam.""}",,,bib7640,yes 3145-location-3,3145,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,no -3145-speaker_number-1,3145,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3145-speakers-1,3145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3145-speaker_number-2,3145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7615,yes -3145-speakers-2,3145,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7615,yes +3145-speaker_number-1,3145,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3145-speakers-1,3145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3145-speaker_number-2,3145,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7640,yes +3145-speakers-2,3145,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7640,yes 3145-speakers-3,3145,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""656,730""}",,"Few speakers (Brenzinger, Heine, and Sommer 1991). Ethnic population comes from 2000.",bib67,no -3145-LEI-1,3145,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3145-vitality-1,3145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3145-LEI-2,3145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3145-transmission-2,3145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,yes -3145-vitality-2,3145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes +3145-LEI-1,3145,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3145-vitality-1,3145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3145-LEI-2,3145,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3145-transmission-2,3145,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,yes +3145-vitality-2,3145,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes 3146-location-1,3146,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Bauchi LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.229789, 9.73035]]}",,,bib67,no 3146-speaker_number-1,3146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3146-speakers-1,3146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3146-speaker_number-2,3146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The language does not seem to be documented.,bib7615,yes -3146-speakers-2,3146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The language does not seem to be documented.,bib7615,yes +3146-speaker_number-2,3146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The language does not seem to be documented.,bib7640,yes +3146-speakers-2,3146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The language does not seem to be documented.,bib7640,yes 3146-speaker_number-3,3146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3146-speakers-3,3146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 3146-LEI-1,3146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3146-vitality-1,3146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3146-LEI-2,3146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3146-vitality-2,3146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +3146-LEI-2,3146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3146-vitality-2,3146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 3146-LEI-3,3146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3146-vitality-3,3146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3148-context-1,3148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,The past years have shown a growing interest in maintaining and/or revitalising the Kaingang language.,bib1903,no +3148-context-1,3148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,The past years have shown a growing interest in maintaining and/or revitalising the Kaingang language.,bib1915,no 3148-location-1,3148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.0, -52.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3148-location-2,3148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -3148-location-3,3148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.1495, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5307,no -3148-location-4,3148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Sao Paulo, Parana , Santa Catarina,\nand Rio Grande do Sul states, in thirty-two Indigenous Lands, representing only a small part of their traditional territory.""}",,,bib1903,no -3148-location-5,3148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3148-location-3,3148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.1495, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5330,no +3148-location-4,3148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Sao Paulo, Parana , Santa Catarina,\nand Rio Grande do Sul states, in thirty-two Indigenous Lands, representing only a small part of their traditional territory.""}",,,bib1915,no +3148-location-5,3148,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3148-speakers-1,3148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,875""}",,,bib67,no -3148-speaker_number-2,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3148-speakers-2,3148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3148-speaker_number-3,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1903,no -3148-speakers-3,3148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,875"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1903,no +3148-speaker_number-2,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3148-speakers-2,3148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3148-speaker_number-3,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1915,no +3148-speakers-3,3148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,875"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1915,no 3148-speaker_number-4,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3148-speakers-4,3148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3148-speaker_number-5,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -3148-speakers-5,3148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes -3148-LEI-1,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3148-vitality-1,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3148-LEI-2,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3148-vitality-2,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3148-speaker_number-5,3148,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +3148-speakers-5,3148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes +3148-LEI-1,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3148-vitality-1,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3148-LEI-2,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3148-vitality-2,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3148-LEI-3,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3148-vitality-3,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3148-LEI-4,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3148-vitality-4,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3148-LEI-4,3148,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3148-vitality-4,3148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3149-location-1,3149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.0, -55.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3149-location-2,3149,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -3149-location-3,3149,location,"{""Description"": ""Most of the population lives in the multilingual and multicultural Xingu Indigenous Territory, which is a territory protected by the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional do \u00cdndio (National Indian Foundation, FUNAI). A smaller part of the population lives outside of the Xingu territory in smaller communities located in the Mato Grosso state (Indigenous territory Apiak\u00e1-Kayabi, Indigenous territory Cayabi and Indigenous territory Cayabi Gleba Sul). While the majority of the Kawaiwete population lives in Xingu, this is not their traditional territory... Due to several fatal conflicts with rubber tappers and land explorers interested in stimulating agribusiness in central Brazil, the Kawaiwete were gradually transferred by plane from their traditional land to the Xingu Indigenous Territory in 1966, in order to avoid further fatal conflicts (by gunfire and diseases spread by invaders).""}",,,bib4663,yes -3149-location-4,3149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1972, -53.2342]]}",,,bib5307,no -3149-location-5,3149,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3149-location-3,3149,location,"{""Description"": ""Most of the population lives in the multilingual and multicultural Xingu Indigenous Territory, which is a territory protected by the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional do \u00cdndio (National Indian Foundation, FUNAI). A smaller part of the population lives outside of the Xingu territory in smaller communities located in the Mato Grosso state (Indigenous territory Apiak\u00e1-Kayabi, Indigenous territory Cayabi and Indigenous territory Cayabi Gleba Sul). While the majority of the Kawaiwete population lives in Xingu, this is not their traditional territory... Due to several fatal conflicts with rubber tappers and land explorers interested in stimulating agribusiness in central Brazil, the Kawaiwete were gradually transferred by plane from their traditional land to the Xingu Indigenous Territory in 1966, in order to avoid further fatal conflicts (by gunfire and diseases spread by invaders).""}",,,bib4685,yes +3149-location-4,3149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1972, -53.2342]]}",,,bib5330,no +3149-location-5,3149,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3149-speaker_number-1,3149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,000 (1999 ISA)",bib67,no 3149-speakers-1,3149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,000 (1999 ISA)",bib67,no -3149-speaker_number-2,3149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Kawaiwete language (also known as Kaiabi/Kayabi) is spoken by the Kawaiwete people, who number around 2000. Currently, most Kawaiwete who do not reside in the Xingu Indigenous Territory do not speak the Kawaiwete language.One example of a Kawaiwete territory outside Xingu is the community located close to the city Juara (Mato Grosso). A preliminary language vitality questionnaire in the region with 83 people who live there (out of a total of 300 people) showed that the proportion of speakers within the total population in the area is small (nine out of 83 interviewees); a total of seven people (out of 83 interviewees) report that they understand but do not speak Kawaiwete.",bib4663,yes -3149-speakers-2,3149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Kawaiwete language (also known as Kaiabi/Kayabi) is spoken by the Kawaiwete people, who number around 2000. Currently, most Kawaiwete who do not reside in the Xingu Indigenous Territory do not speak the Kawaiwete language.One example of a Kawaiwete territory outside Xingu is the community located close to the city Juara (Mato Grosso). A preliminary language vitality questionnaire in the region with 83 people who live there (out of a total of 300 people) showed that the proportion of speakers within the total population in the area is small (nine out of 83 interviewees); a total of seven people (out of 83 interviewees) report that they understand but do not speak Kawaiwete.",bib4663,yes -3149-speaker_number-3,3149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3149-speakers-3,3149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3149-speaker_number-2,3149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Kawaiwete language (also known as Kaiabi/Kayabi) is spoken by the Kawaiwete people, who number around 2000. Currently, most Kawaiwete who do not reside in the Xingu Indigenous Territory do not speak the Kawaiwete language.One example of a Kawaiwete territory outside Xingu is the community located close to the city Juara (Mato Grosso). A preliminary language vitality questionnaire in the region with 83 people who live there (out of a total of 300 people) showed that the proportion of speakers within the total population in the area is small (nine out of 83 interviewees); a total of seven people (out of 83 interviewees) report that they understand but do not speak Kawaiwete.",bib4685,yes +3149-speakers-2,3149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Kawaiwete language (also known as Kaiabi/Kayabi) is spoken by the Kawaiwete people, who number around 2000. Currently, most Kawaiwete who do not reside in the Xingu Indigenous Territory do not speak the Kawaiwete language.One example of a Kawaiwete territory outside Xingu is the community located close to the city Juara (Mato Grosso). A preliminary language vitality questionnaire in the region with 83 people who live there (out of a total of 300 people) showed that the proportion of speakers within the total population in the area is small (nine out of 83 interviewees); a total of seven people (out of 83 interviewees) report that they understand but do not speak Kawaiwete.",bib4685,yes +3149-speaker_number-3,3149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3149-speakers-3,3149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3149-speaker_number-4,3149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3149-speakers-4,3149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3149-speaker_number-5,3149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -3149-speakers-5,3149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1619"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +3149-speaker_number-5,3149,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +3149-speakers-5,3149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1619"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 3149-LEI-1,3149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3149-vitality-1,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3149-LEI-2,3149,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2009, prior to the beginning of the project, a language vitality survey was done with 552 Kawaiwete persons interviewed in nine different villages in the Xingu Indigenous territory (Lima & Santos 2008). The -results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4663,yes +results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4685,yes 3149-transmission-2,3149,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In 2009, prior to the beginning of the project, a language vitality survey was done with 552 Kawaiwete persons interviewed in nine different villages in the Xingu Indigenous territory (Lima & Santos 2008). The -results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4663,yes +results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4685,yes 3149-speaker_number_trends-2,3149,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In 2009, prior to the beginning of the project, a language vitality survey was done with 552 Kawaiwete persons interviewed in nine different villages in the Xingu Indigenous territory (Lima & Santos 2008). The -results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4663,yes +results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4685,yes 3149-vitality-2,3149,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In 2009, prior to the beginning of the project, a language vitality survey was done with 552 Kawaiwete persons interviewed in nine different villages in the Xingu Indigenous territory (Lima & Santos 2008). The -results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4663,yes -3149-LEI-3,3149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3149-vitality-3,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the children were monolingual (L1, Kawaiwete). In most villages, adults use both Kawaiwete and Portuguese in their households and daily activities; the interviewees indicated that Kawaiwete was used more frequently than Portuguese, especially when they interacted with a senior member of the community.",bib4685,yes +3149-LEI-3,3149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3149-vitality-3,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3149-LEI-4,3149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3149-vitality-4,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3149-LEI-5,3149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3149-vitality-5,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3149-LEI-5,3149,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3149-vitality-5,3149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3150-context-1,3150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 3150-location-1,3150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.0, -57.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3150-location-2,3150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.5222, -56.7237]]}",,,bib5307,no +3150-location-2,3150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.5222, -56.7237]]}",,,bib5330,no 3150-location-3,3150,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib68,no -3150-location-4,3150,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -3150-speaker_number-1,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3150-speakers-1,3150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3150-speaker_number-2,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -3150-speakers-2,3150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,592"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +3150-location-4,3150,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +3150-speaker_number-1,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3150-speakers-1,3150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3150-speaker_number-2,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +3150-speakers-2,3150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,592"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 3150-speaker_number-3,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 3150-speakers-3,3150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,630"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 3150-speaker_number-4,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3150-speakers-4,3150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3150-speaker_number-5,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3150-speakers-5,3150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1629"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes -3150-LEI-1,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3150-vitality-1,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3150-LEI-2,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3150-vitality-2,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3150-speaker_number-5,3150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3150-speakers-5,3150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1629"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes +3150-LEI-1,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3150-vitality-1,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3150-LEI-2,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3150-vitality-2,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3150-LEI-3,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3150-vitality-3,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 3150-LEI-4,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3150-vitality-4,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3150-LEI-5,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3150-vitality-5,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3150-LEI-5,3150,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3150-vitality-5,3150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3151-context-1,3151,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,,bib68,no 3151-location-1,3151,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.33333333333, -46.5]]}",,,bib216,no -3151-location-2,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-2.8991, -46.3183]]}",,,bib5307,no -3151-location-3,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northern Maranhao State, roughly between the Rio Gurupi in the north, the southern tributaries of the Rio Turia\u00e7u in the south, the Igarape do Milho in the west, and the BR-316 highway in the east, Terra Indigena Alto Turia\u00e7u.""}",,,bib1903,yes +3151-location-2,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-2.8991, -46.3183]]}",,,bib5330,no +3151-location-3,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northern Maranhao State, roughly between the Rio Gurupi in the north, the southern tributaries of the Rio Turia\u00e7u in the south, the Igarape do Milho in the west, and the BR-316 highway in the east, Terra Indigena Alto Turia\u00e7u.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3151-location-4,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranhlo and Para states; Gurupi river, 8\u201310 villages scattered over 7,250 square km.""}",,,bib68,no -3151-location-5,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -3151-speaker_number-1,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3151-speakers-1,3151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3151-speaker_number-2,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Kaapor also use a standard sign language to communicatewit h the deaf, who until approximately 1985 made up 2 per cent of the population.",bib1903,yes -3151-speakers-2,3151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Kaapor also use a standard sign language to communicatewit h the deaf, who until approximately 1985 made up 2 per cent of the population.",bib1903,yes +3151-location-5,3151,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +3151-speaker_number-1,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3151-speakers-1,3151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3151-speaker_number-2,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Kaapor also use a standard sign language to communicatewit h the deaf, who until approximately 1985 made up 2 per cent of the population.",bib1915,yes +3151-speakers-2,3151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Kaapor also use a standard sign language to communicatewit h the deaf, who until approximately 1985 made up 2 per cent of the population.",bib1915,yes 3151-speaker_number-3,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3151-speakers-3,3151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""990"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 3151-speaker_number-4,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3151-speakers-4,3151,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3151-speaker_number-5,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -3151-speakers-5,3151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""991"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -3151-LEI-1,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3151-vitality-1,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3151-LEI-2,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -3151-vitality-2,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +3151-speaker_number-5,3151,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +3151-speakers-5,3151,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""991"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +3151-LEI-1,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3151-vitality-1,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3151-LEI-2,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +3151-vitality-2,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 3151-LEI-3,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3151-vitality-3,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 3151-LEI-4,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3151-vitality-4,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3151-LEI-5,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3151-vitality-5,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3151-LEI-5,3151,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3151-vitality-5,3151,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3152-location-1,3152,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0, -54.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3152-location-2,3152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -3152-location-3,3152,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.956, -53.3235]]}",,,bib5307,no -3152-location-4,3152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Lowerand Middle Xingu region, Mato Grosso State, Parque Ind\u0131gena do Xingu; Para State, Altamira, Terra Ind\u0131gena Paqui\u00e7amba""}",,,bib1903,no -3152-location-5,3152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3152-location-3,3152,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.956, -53.3235]]}",,,bib5330,no +3152-location-4,3152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Lowerand Middle Xingu region, Mato Grosso State, Parque Ind\u0131gena do Xingu; Para State, Altamira, Terra Ind\u0131gena Paqui\u00e7amba""}",,,bib1915,no +3152-location-5,3152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3152-speaker_number-1,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the ethnic population is from ISA (2001).,bib67,no 3152-speakers-1,3152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""278"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from ISA (2001).,bib67,no -3152-speaker_number-2,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3152-speakers-2,3152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""362"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3152-speakers-3,3152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""278"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1903,no +3152-speaker_number-2,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3152-speakers-2,3152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""362"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3152-speakers-3,3152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""278"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1915,no 3152-speaker_number-4,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3152-speakers-4,3152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""181"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3152-speaker_number-5,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number: Possibly 300 (?),bib1902,yes -3152-speakers-5,3152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""362"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number: Possibly 300 (?),bib1902,yes +3152-speaker_number-5,3152,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number: Possibly 300 (?),bib1914,yes +3152-speakers-5,3152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""362"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number: Possibly 300 (?),bib1914,yes 3152-LEI-1,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3152-vitality-1,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3152-LEI-2,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3152-vitality-2,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3152-LEI-2,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3152-vitality-2,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3152-LEI-3,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3152-vitality-3,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3152-LEI-4,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3152-vitality-4,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3155-context-1,3155,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains, mass media and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik Persian, Shughni, Dari Persian, Pashto, Urdu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Formerly negative, but now positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most young people speak Urdu""}",,"In Tajikistan, the language of communication, writing, and education is Tajik Persian. Wakhi oral tradition is also bilingual in Wakhi and Tajik and many Wakhis also speak Shughni, the second lingua franca of the Pamir region. Schooling is obligatory for everyone in Tajikistan and the medium of education is Tajiki, leaving only old women and young children monolingual. This diminishes the role of Wakhi in public contexts, though it is still preferred in domestic settings. Until very recently, the Wakhi speakers in Tajikistan felt themselves a marginalized group with negative attitudes toward their language; however the poems published in Reinhold (1992a) indicate that there is an incipient awakening of interest in local languages. In Afghanistan Wakhis also speak Dari Persian, or Pashto. However, literacy is not widespread and the admixture of other elements into Wakhi is less than in Tajikistan. Almost 100%% of Wakhi-speaking children in Hunza now attend school, which exerts greater influence on language than any single factor in the past. This has resulted in an enormous literacy gap between younger and older generations. All school-going children and many young women up to the age of 20 know Urdu, whereas hardly any of the older generation do. Nevertheless, it is an increasingly vital language, and speakers have a very positive attitude toward their language, evidenced by the Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association.",bib745,yes +3152-LEI-4,3152,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3152-vitality-4,3152,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3155-context-1,3155,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains, mass media and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik Persian, Shughni, Dari Persian, Pashto, Urdu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Formerly negative, but now positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most young people speak Urdu""}",,"In Tajikistan, the language of communication, writing, and education is Tajik Persian. Wakhi oral tradition is also bilingual in Wakhi and Tajik and many Wakhis also speak Shughni, the second lingua franca of the Pamir region. Schooling is obligatory for everyone in Tajikistan and the medium of education is Tajiki, leaving only old women and young children monolingual. This diminishes the role of Wakhi in public contexts, though it is still preferred in domestic settings. Until very recently, the Wakhi speakers in Tajikistan felt themselves a marginalized group with negative attitudes toward their language; however the poems published in Reinhold (1992a) indicate that there is an incipient awakening of interest in local languages. In Afghanistan Wakhis also speak Dari Persian, or Pashto. However, literacy is not widespread and the admixture of other elements into Wakhi is less than in Tajikistan. Almost 100%% of Wakhi-speaking children in Hunza now attend school, which exerts greater influence on language than any single factor in the past. This has resulted in an enormous literacy gap between younger and older generations. All school-going children and many young women up to the age of 20 know Urdu, whereas hardly any of the older generation do. Nevertheless, it is an increasingly vital language, and speakers have a very positive attitude toward their language, evidenced by the Wakhi Tajik Cultural Association.",bib749,yes 3155-context-2,3155,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mutual communication, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik""}",,,bib213,no 3155-location-1,3155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.5, 72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3155-location-2,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""China"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Gorno-Badakhshan, Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan). Pamir Mountains, east of Ishkashim, Panj River left bank in Wakhan Corridor, as far as Sarhad village. 64 villages (Afghanistan). Xinjiang Ughur Autonomous Region, Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County (China). Northeasternmost part of Chitral, called Baroghil area; in glacier neighborhood. Gojal in upper Hunza valley, Gulmit to the Chinese and Afghanistan borders, and Shimshal and Chupursan valleys, upper Yarkhun valley of Chitral, and upper Ishkoman valley (Pakistan).""}",,,bib67,no -3155-location-3,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Northern ends of Hunza & Chitral""}",,,bib6094,no -3155-location-4,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan and Afghanistan: On both banks of the Panj River (Upper Amu, Oxus)"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""On the Tajikistan side, Wakhi villages extend from Namadgut to Ratm, interspersed with a few Tajiki settlements. On the Afghanistan side, settlement from Paltur? near Ishkashem, to Sarhad on the upper reaches of the Wakhan River. In Pakistan, the main settlements are in Gojal, including part of upper Hunza valley and the Shimshal and Chapursan valleys; in Ishkoman; and the upper Yarkhun valley in Chitral.""}",,,bib745,yes -3155-location-5,3155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.1603, 74.9047]]}",,,bib5307,no +3155-location-3,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Northern ends of Hunza & Chitral""}",,,bib6118,no +3155-location-4,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan and Afghanistan: On both banks of the Panj River (Upper Amu, Oxus)"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""On the Tajikistan side, Wakhi villages extend from Namadgut to Ratm, interspersed with a few Tajiki settlements. On the Afghanistan side, settlement from Paltur? near Ishkashem, to Sarhad on the upper reaches of the Wakhan River. In Pakistan, the main settlements are in Gojal, including part of upper Hunza valley and the Shimshal and Chapursan valleys; in Ishkoman; and the upper Yarkhun valley in Chitral.""}",,,bib749,yes +3155-location-5,3155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.1603, 74.9047]]}",,,bib5330,no 3155-location-6,3155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.178789, 73.982639]]}",,,bib75,no 3155-location-7,3155,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan and Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Wakhs live on the upper reaches of the River Pyandzh, on both the right and the left bank. The settlements begin with the village (qishlaq) of Langar-Kishni, on the upper reaches of the river. The lower villages (Namadgut or Namadgat, Kozide) are located at the confluence of the Wakhandarya and the Pamir rivers.""}",,,bib213,no 3155-speaker_number-1,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"9,100 in Pakistan. 4,500–6,000 Gojal, 2,000 Ishkoman, 200 Yasin, 900 Yarkhun (1992), plus refugees. 9,570 in Afghanistan (2000). Ethnic population: 18,000 in Afghanistan, 20,000 in Tajikistan (A. Kibrik 1990). 7,000 in Tajikistan (1993 UBS). 6,000 in China. 41,028 in Tajik nationality (2000 census).",bib67,no 3155-speakers-1,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,670"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"9,100 in Pakistan. 4,500–6,000 Gojal, 2,000 Ishkoman, 200 Yasin, 900 Yarkhun (1992), plus refugees. 9,570 in Afghanistan (2000). Ethnic population: 18,000 in Afghanistan, 20,000 in Tajikistan (A. Kibrik 1990). 7,000 in Tajikistan (1993 UBS). 6,000 in China. 41,028 in Tajik nationality (2000 census).",bib67,no -3155-speaker_number-2,3155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -3155-speakers-2,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -3155-speaker_number-3,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,500 in Tajikistan, 9500 in Afghanistan, 11,770 in Pakistan, and 3800 in China.",bib745,yes -3155-speakers-3,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,500 in Tajikistan, 9500 in Afghanistan, 11,770 in Pakistan, and 3800 in China.",bib745,yes -3155-speaker_number-4,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speakers present in Tajikstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and western Xinjiang",bib3841,no -3155-speakers-4,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speakers present in Tajikstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and western Xinjiang",bib3841,no -3155-speaker_number-5,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3155-speakers-5,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3155-speaker_number-2,3155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +3155-speakers-2,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +3155-speaker_number-3,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,500 in Tajikistan, 9500 in Afghanistan, 11,770 in Pakistan, and 3800 in China.",bib749,yes +3155-speakers-3,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,500 in Tajikistan, 9500 in Afghanistan, 11,770 in Pakistan, and 3800 in China.",bib749,yes +3155-speaker_number-4,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speakers present in Tajikstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and western Xinjiang",bib3860,no +3155-speakers-4,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speakers present in Tajikstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and western Xinjiang",bib3860,no +3155-speaker_number-5,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3155-speakers-5,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3155-speaker_number-6,3155,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3155-speakers-6,3155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,666"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3155-speakers-7,3155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000""}",,"In 1939 there were 4,500 people. The exact number of the Wakhs is unknown at present but it is thought there are about 5,000--7,000 Wakhs in the ex-Soviet Union, 5,000 of them in the villages on the territory of the former Wakhan. Approximately the same number lives elsewhere, although, according to A. Gryunberg and J. Steblin-Kamenevsky, there are altogether nearly 20,000 Wakhs, by other counts, no more than 15,000.",bib213,no 3155-LEI-1,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3155-vitality-1,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3155-LEI-2,3155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -3155-vitality-2,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -3155-LEI-3,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib745,yes -3155-vitality-3,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib745,yes -3155-LEI-4,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3841,no -3155-vitality-4,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3841,no -3155-LEI-5,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3155-vitality-5,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3155-LEI-2,3155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +3155-vitality-2,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +3155-LEI-3,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib749,yes +3155-vitality-3,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib749,yes +3155-LEI-4,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3860,no +3155-vitality-4,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3860,no +3155-LEI-5,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3155-vitality-5,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3155-LEI-6,3155,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3155-vitality-6,3155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3155-LEI-7,3155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3155-domains_of_use-7,3155,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib213,no 3155-vitality-7,3155,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3156-context-1,3156,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official/government business, education, radio, television, travel outside of Yazgulom Valley""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Attitudes are generally positive towards both languages [Tajik and Yazghulami]; each is seen as being beneficial in particular domains. [...] The vernacular is valued and used in the lives of Yazghulami residents. It shows no signs of being replaced by Tajik. Nonetheless, residents also value Tajik for certain domains. Both languages, then, have a place in Yazghulami society.",bib7324,yes +3156-context-1,3156,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official/government business, education, radio, television, travel outside of Yazgulom Valley""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Attitudes are generally positive towards both languages [Tajik and Yazghulami]; each is seen as being beneficial in particular domains. [...] The vernacular is valued and used in the lives of Yazghulami residents. It shows no signs of being replaced by Tajik. Nonetheless, residents also value Tajik for certain domains. Both languages, then, have a place in Yazghulami society.",bib7348,yes 3156-context-2,3156,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools, radio broadcasts, books, folk songs and private correspondence.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tadzhik""}",,,bib213,no 3156-location-1,3156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.5, 71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3156-location-2,3156,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""]}",,,bib67,no -3156-location-3,3156,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The traditional homeland of the Yazghulami is the Yazgulom River Valley, located in the Vanj administrative region within the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province (GBAP) in Tajikistan. This narrow valley runs northeast to southwest for 100 kilometres, and is located between two high mountain ranges, the Vanj Mountains to the north and the Yazgulom Mountains to the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.222156, 71.511836]]}",,,bib7324,yes -3156-location-4,3156,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Gorno-Badakhshan, along Yazgulyam river.""}",,,bib7525,no -3156-location-5,3156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.1982, 71.4276]]}",,,bib5307,no +3156-location-3,3156,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The traditional homeland of the Yazghulami is the Yazgulom River Valley, located in the Vanj administrative region within the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province (GBAP) in Tajikistan. This narrow valley runs northeast to southwest for 100 kilometres, and is located between two high mountain ranges, the Vanj Mountains to the north and the Yazgulom Mountains to the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.222156, 71.511836]]}",,,bib7348,yes +3156-location-4,3156,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Gorno-Badakhshan, along Yazgulyam river.""}",,,bib7550,no +3156-location-5,3156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.1982, 71.4276]]}",,,bib5330,no 3156-location-6,3156,location,"{""Description"": ""The Yazgulami language is spoken in the Pamirs, in the valley of the River Yazgulami, the right tributary of the River Pyandzh.""}",,,bib213,no 3156-speaker_number-1,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (UBS 1994),bib67,no 3156-speakers-1,3156,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,710"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (UBS 1994),bib67,no -3156-speaker_number-2,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the population figures compiled from information from the Statistics Department of the GBAP and officials in the Yazgulom Valley, in 2003 there were 6,061 people living in the [Yazgulom] valley... Exact numbers for Yazghulami living in other parts of the country are not available. However, one estimate puts the total at 9,000, with just over 6,000 of those living in the Yazgulom Valley.",bib7324,yes -3156-speakers-2,3156,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the population figures compiled from information from the Statistics Department of the GBAP and officials in the Yazgulom Valley, in 2003 there were 6,061 people living in the [Yazgulom] valley... Exact numbers for Yazghulami living in other parts of the country are not available. However, one estimate puts the total at 9,000, with just over 6,000 of those living in the Yazgulom Valley.",bib7324,yes -3156-speaker_number-3,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -3156-speakers-3,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no -3156-speaker_number-4,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3156-speakers-4,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3156-speaker_number-2,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the population figures compiled from information from the Statistics Department of the GBAP and officials in the Yazgulom Valley, in 2003 there were 6,061 people living in the [Yazgulom] valley... Exact numbers for Yazghulami living in other parts of the country are not available. However, one estimate puts the total at 9,000, with just over 6,000 of those living in the Yazgulom Valley.",bib7348,yes +3156-speakers-2,3156,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the population figures compiled from information from the Statistics Department of the GBAP and officials in the Yazgulom Valley, in 2003 there were 6,061 people living in the [Yazgulom] valley... Exact numbers for Yazghulami living in other parts of the country are not available. However, one estimate puts the total at 9,000, with just over 6,000 of those living in the Yazgulom Valley.",bib7348,yes +3156-speaker_number-3,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +3156-speakers-3,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no +3156-speaker_number-4,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3156-speakers-4,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3156-speaker_number-5,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3156-speakers-5,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3156-speaker_number-6,3156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Only small children and old women are monolingual.,bib213,no 3156-speakers-6,3156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1940"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Only small children and old women are monolingual.,bib213,no 3156-LEI-1,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3156-vitality-1,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3156-LEI-2,3156,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7324,yes -3156-transmission-2,3156,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7324,yes -3156-domains_of_use-2,3156,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7324,yes -3156-speaker_number_trends-2,3156,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7324,yes -3156-vitality-2,3156,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7324,yes -3156-LEI-3,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -3156-vitality-3,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -3156-LEI-4,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3156-vitality-4,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3156-LEI-2,3156,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7348,yes +3156-transmission-2,3156,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7348,yes +3156-domains_of_use-2,3156,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7348,yes +3156-speaker_number_trends-2,3156,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7348,yes +3156-vitality-2,3156,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Yazghulami is the main language used between Yazghulami speakers, regardless of age, and sometimes even in official contexts. [...] Children generally do not know Tajik before they begin school.",bib7348,yes +3156-LEI-3,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +3156-vitality-3,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +3156-LEI-4,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3156-vitality-4,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3156-LEI-5,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3156-vitality-5,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3156-LEI-6,3156,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3156-vitality-6,3156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3157-location-1,3157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5307,no +3157-location-1,3157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4146, 105.7632]]}",,,bib5330,no 3157-location-2,3157,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,yes -3157-speaker_number-1,3157,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3157-speakers-1,3157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3157-speaker_number-1,3157,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3157-speakers-1,3157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3157-speaker_number-2,3157,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 3157-speakers-2,3157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -3157-LEI-1,3157,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3157-vitality-1,3157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3157-LEI-1,3157,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3157-vitality-1,3157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3157-LEI-2,3157,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3157-vitality-2,3157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3158-location-1,3158,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.09554, 146.8213]]}",,,bib7945,no +3158-location-1,3158,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.09554, 146.8213]]}",,,bib7970,no 3158-location-2,3158,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, northwest of Lumi. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -3158-location-3,3158,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seinam village""}",,,bib4545,yes +3158-location-3,3158,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seinam village""}",,,bib4566,yes 3158-speaker_number-1,3158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3158-speakers-1,3158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""144"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3158-speaker_number-2,3158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3158-speakers-2,3158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3158-speaker_number-3,3158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -3158-speakers-3,3158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +3158-speaker_number-3,3158,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +3158-speakers-3,3158,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 3158-LEI-1,3158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3158-vitality-1,3158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3158-LEI-2,3158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3158-vitality-2,3158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3158-LEI-3,3158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -3158-vitality-3,3158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -3159-location-1,3159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.49578047, 140.609109]]}",,,bib1182,no +3158-LEI-3,3158,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +3158-vitality-3,3158,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +3159-location-1,3159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.49578047, 140.609109]]}",,,bib1191,no 3159-speaker_number-1,3159,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,yes 3159-speakers-1,3159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,yes 3159-LEI-1,3159,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 3159-vitality-1,3159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3160-location-1,3160,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3160-location-2,3160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.91457525, 122.3569459]]}",,,bib1182,no -3160-speaker_number-1,3160,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3160-speakers-1,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3160-location-2,3160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.91457525, 122.3569459]]}",,,bib1191,no +3160-speaker_number-1,3160,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3160-speakers-1,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3160-speaker_number-2,3160,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data from K. Hosokawa (2001).,bib67,no 3160-speakers-2,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data from K. Hosokawa (2001).,bib67,no 3160-speaker_number-3,3160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3160-speakers-3,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3160-speaker_number-4,3160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3333,yes -3160-speakers-4,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3333,yes +3160-speaker_number-4,3160,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3350,yes +3160-speakers-4,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3350,yes 3160-speaker_number-5,3160,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,2 speakers of Dyugun variety.,bib233,no 3160-speakers-5,3160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,2 speakers of Dyugun variety.,bib233,no -3160-LEI-1,3160,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3160-vitality-1,3160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3160-LEI-1,3160,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3160-vitality-1,3160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3160-LEI-2,3160,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3160-vitality-2,3160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3160-LEI-3,3160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3160-vitality-3,3160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3160-LEI-4,3160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,yes -3160-transmission-4,3160,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3333,yes -3160-vitality-4,3160,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3333,yes +3160-LEI-4,3160,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,yes +3160-transmission-4,3160,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3350,yes +3160-vitality-4,3160,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3350,yes 3160-LEI-5,3160,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3160-vitality-5,3160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3161-context-1,3161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Yukaghir languages have no official status and fulfill limited functions. They are not used in legislation, business, theater, religious ceremonies or the mass media, except for occasional broadcasts on local radio.",bib5021,yes -3161-context-2,3161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Even""}",,"Russian is the language of education. Although Yukaghir has been taught in schools since the mid-80s, the language situation has not changed significantly.",bib4988,no -3161-context-3,3161,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with massive multilingualism",bib6475,no +3161-context-1,3161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Yukaghir languages have no official status and fulfill limited functions. They are not used in legislation, business, theater, religious ceremonies or the mass media, except for occasional broadcasts on local radio.",bib5043,yes +3161-context-2,3161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Even""}",,"Russian is the language of education. Although Yukaghir has been taught in schools since the mid-80s, the language situation has not changed significantly.",bib5010,no +3161-context-3,3161,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with massive multilingualism",bib6499,no 3161-location-1,3161,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.75, 150.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3161-location-2,3161,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3161-location-3,3161,location,"{""Places"": [""North-East Siberia, Russia""]}",,"“The Kolyma Yukaghirs mostly live in the Verxnekolymsk district of the Yakut (Saxa) Republic of the Russian Federation. The main settlements are Nelemnoe (on the river Jasachnaja) and Zyrjanka (on the river Kolyma). A few Kolyma Yukaghirs live in Srednekolymsk in the Srednekolymsk district of the Yakut (Saxa) Republic, as well as in the settlements of Sejmchan and Balygychan in the Serednekansk district of the Magadan Region.”",bib5021,yes -3161-location-4,3161,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.4936, 151.0757]]}",,,bib5307,no -3161-location-5,3161,location,"{""Description"": ""NE Russia in the basin of the Kolyma River""}",,,bib4988,no -3161-location-6,3161,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the forest zone, on the sources of the Kolyma; administratively divided between the Yakut (Sakha) Republic (Yakutia) and Magadan Oblast of Russia; previously in a much wider area in the upper Kolyma region""}",,,bib6475,no +3161-location-3,3161,location,"{""Places"": [""North-East Siberia, Russia""]}",,"“The Kolyma Yukaghirs mostly live in the Verxnekolymsk district of the Yakut (Saxa) Republic of the Russian Federation. The main settlements are Nelemnoe (on the river Jasachnaja) and Zyrjanka (on the river Kolyma). A few Kolyma Yukaghirs live in Srednekolymsk in the Srednekolymsk district of the Yakut (Saxa) Republic, as well as in the settlements of Sejmchan and Balygychan in the Serednekansk district of the Magadan Region.”",bib5043,yes +3161-location-4,3161,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.4936, 151.0757]]}",,,bib5330,no +3161-location-5,3161,location,"{""Description"": ""NE Russia in the basin of the Kolyma River""}",,,bib5010,no +3161-location-6,3161,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the forest zone, on the sources of the Kolyma; administratively divided between the Yakut (Sakha) Republic (Yakutia) and Magadan Oblast of Russia; previously in a much wider area in the upper Kolyma region""}",,,bib6499,no 3161-speaker_number-1,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number data: (M. Krauss 1995). Ethnic population data: (M. Krauss 1995, 1989 census)",bib67,no 3161-speakers-1,3161,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number data: (M. Krauss 1995). Ethnic population data: (M. Krauss 1995, 1989 census)",bib67,no -3161-speaker_number-2,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Kolyma Yukaghir is now spoken by ""a few elderly people."" In the late 1980s, there were unofficially estimated to be 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir, with the average age of fluent native speakers at 64 years old.",bib5021,yes -3161-speakers-2,3161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Kolyma Yukaghir is now spoken by ""a few elderly people."" In the late 1980s, there were unofficially estimated to be 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir, with the average age of fluent native speakers at 64 years old.",bib5021,yes -3161-speaker_number-3,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3161-speakers-3,3161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3161-speaker_number-5,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6475,no -3161-speakers-5,3161,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6475,no +3161-speaker_number-2,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Kolyma Yukaghir is now spoken by ""a few elderly people."" In the late 1980s, there were unofficially estimated to be 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir, with the average age of fluent native speakers at 64 years old.",bib5043,yes +3161-speakers-2,3161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Kolyma Yukaghir is now spoken by ""a few elderly people."" In the late 1980s, there were unofficially estimated to be 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir, with the average age of fluent native speakers at 64 years old.",bib5043,yes +3161-speaker_number-3,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3161-speakers-3,3161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3161-speaker_number-5,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6499,no +3161-speakers-5,3161,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,mean age of youngest speakers: mainly from 60 years up,bib6499,no 3161-speaker_number-6,3161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3161-speakers-6,3161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3161-LEI-1,3161,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3161-vitality-1,3161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3161-LEI-2,3161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5021,yes -3161-transmission-2,3161,transmission,5,transmission-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5021,yes -3161-domains_of_use-2,3161,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5021,yes -3161-speaker_number_trends-2,3161,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5021,yes -3161-vitality-2,3161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5021,yes -3161-LEI-3,3161,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3161-vitality-3,3161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3161-LEI-5,3161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6475,no -3161-transmission-5,3161,transmission,5,transmission-5,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6475,no -3161-speaker_number_trends-5,3161,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6475,no -3161-vitality-5,3161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6475,no +3161-LEI-2,3161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5043,yes +3161-transmission-2,3161,transmission,5,transmission-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5043,yes +3161-domains_of_use-2,3161,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5043,yes +3161-speaker_number_trends-2,3161,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5043,yes +3161-vitality-2,3161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"THe use of Yukaghir languages is ""strongly connected with the traditional activities of the population, and is typically practised only in the taiga during hunting and fishing, and on the tundra during reindeer herding."" The Kolyma Yukaghir language is considered to be almost one generation further along the road to dormancy than the Tundra Yukaghir language.",bib5043,yes +3161-LEI-3,3161,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3161-vitality-3,3161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3161-LEI-5,3161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6499,no +3161-transmission-5,3161,transmission,5,transmission-5,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6499,no +3161-speaker_number_trends-5,3161,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6499,no +3161-vitality-5,3161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"among the two extant Yukagiric languages, Forest Yukagir seems to be dying even more rapidly than Tundra Yukagir",bib6499,no 3161-LEI-6,3161,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3161-vitality-6,3161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3162-context-1,3162,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6475,yes -3162-location-1,3162,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basins of the rivers Sym, Kas, and Dubches, western tributaries to the middle Yenisei opposite to the Podkamennaya Tunguska""}",,,bib6475,yes -3162-location-2,3162,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the basins of the rivers Sym, Kas and Dubches, western tributaries to the middle Yenisey opposite to the Podkamennaya Tunguska, later in the villages of Vorogovo in Turukhansk County and Yartsevo in Yeniseysk County in Krasnoyarsk Region in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib7525,no +3162-context-1,3162,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6499,yes +3162-location-1,3162,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basins of the rivers Sym, Kas, and Dubches, western tributaries to the middle Yenisei opposite to the Podkamennaya Tunguska""}",,,bib6499,yes +3162-location-2,3162,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the basins of the rivers Sym, Kas and Dubches, western tributaries to the middle Yenisey opposite to the Podkamennaya Tunguska, later in the villages of Vorogovo in Turukhansk County and Yartsevo in Yeniseysk County in Krasnoyarsk Region in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib7550,no 3162-location-3,3162,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.0, 90.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3162-location-4,3162,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3162-speaker_number-1,3162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6475,yes -3162-speakers-1,3162,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<50"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6475,yes +3162-speaker_number-1,3162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6499,yes +3162-speakers-1,3162,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<50"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6499,yes 3162-speaker_number-2,3162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3162-speakers-2,3162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3162-speaker_number-3,3162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (1991 G. Verner in Kibrik). Ethnic population data: 2002 Census,bib67,no 3162-speakers-3,3162,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (1991 G. Verner in Kibrik). Ethnic population data: 2002 Census,bib67,no -3162-LEI-1,3162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -3162-transmission-1,3162,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -3162-speaker_number_trends-1,3162,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -3162-vitality-1,3162,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +3162-LEI-1,3162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +3162-transmission-1,3162,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +3162-speaker_number_trends-1,3162,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +3162-vitality-1,3162,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 3162-LEI-2,3162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3162-vitality-2,3162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3162-LEI-3,3162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3162-vitality-3,3162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3163-context-1,3163,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Guarayu teachers in schools""}",,,bib68,no 3163-location-1,3163,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Guarayos river area, Ascensi\u00f3n de Guarayos, Urubich\u00e1, Salvatierra, San Pablo, Yaguar\u00fa y Yota\u00fa, El Puente, Nueva Jerusal\u00e9n, El Verano, Santa Mar\u00eda, Curur\u00fa, Momen\u00e9, Surucusi, San Jos\u00e9 Obrero, Cerro Chico, Cerro Grande, Cachuela, Puerto \u00d1uflo de Ch\u00e1vez.""}",,,bib68,no -3163-location-2,3163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.919, -62.8747]]}",,,bib5307,no -3163-location-3,3163,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (eastern Bolivia)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3163-location-2,3163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.919, -62.8747]]}",,,bib5330,no +3163-location-3,3163,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia (eastern Bolivia)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3163-speaker_number-1,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 3163-speakers-1,3163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,860"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004 (speakers); 2006 (population); unchanged 2016 ed."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no -3163-speaker_number-2,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3163-speakers-2,3163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3163-speaker_number-3,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3163-speakers-3,3163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,433"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3163-speaker_number-2,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3163-speakers-2,3163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3163-speaker_number-3,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3163-speakers-3,3163,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,433"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3163-speaker_number-4,3163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3163-speakers-4,3163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,933"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3163-LEI-1,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used by all ages.,bib68,no 3163-vitality-1,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Used by all ages.,bib68,no -3163-LEI-2,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3163-vitality-2,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3163-LEI-3,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3163-vitality-3,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3163-LEI-2,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3163-vitality-2,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3163-LEI-3,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3163-vitality-3,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3163-LEI-4,3163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3163-vitality-4,3163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3164-context-1,3164,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian, Venetan, German""}",,,bib6474,yes -3164-location-1,3164,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.867, 11.4268]]}",,,bib5307,no -3164-location-2,3164,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the towns of Giazza (Ljetzan) in Verona Province, Roana (Rowan),\nMezzaselva (Mitterballe) and Rotzo (Rotz) in Vicenza Province, and Luserna (Lusern)\n240\nTAPANI SALMINEN\nin Trento Province.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3164-context-1,3164,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian, Venetan, German""}",,,bib6498,yes +3164-location-1,3164,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.867, 11.4268]]}",,,bib5330,no +3164-location-2,3164,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the towns of Giazza (Ljetzan) in Verona Province, Roana (Rowan),\nMezzaselva (Mitterballe) and Rotzo (Rotz) in Vicenza Province, and Luserna (Lusern)\n240\nTAPANI SALMINEN\nin Trento Province.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3164-location-3,3164,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""Lusernese Cimbrian in Trentino Alto Oolige 40 km southeast from Trento; Veneto around 60 kms. north of Vicenza (1978 H. Kloss); Giazza (Ijetzan) Veneto, 43 kms. northeast of Verona (1992 R. Zamponi); Sieben Gemeinde; Dreizehn Gemeinde.""}",,,bib67,no -3164-speaker_number-1,3164,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3164-speakers-1,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3164-speaker_number-2,3164,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3164-speakers-2,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3164-speaker_number-1,3164,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3164-speakers-1,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3164-speaker_number-2,3164,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3164-speakers-2,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3164-speaker_number-3,3164,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3164-speakers-3,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3164-speaker_number-4,3164,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are ""500 [speakers] in Lusernese Cimbrian in Trentino Alto Oolige 40 km southeast from Trento, plus 1,500 Sette Comuni Cimbrian (40%% of Roana (Rowan), 70%% of Messaselva di Roana Rotzo) in Veneto around 60 kms. north of Vicenza (1978 H. Kloss), and 230 or 65%% of Giazza (Ijetzan) Veneto, 43 kms. northeast of Verona (1992 R. Zamponi). 22,700 were in Sieben Gemeinde and 12,400 in Dreizehn Gemeinde in 1854.""",bib67,no 3164-speakers-4,3164,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are ""500 [speakers] in Lusernese Cimbrian in Trentino Alto Oolige 40 km southeast from Trento, plus 1,500 Sette Comuni Cimbrian (40%% of Roana (Rowan), 70%% of Messaselva di Roana Rotzo) in Veneto around 60 kms. north of Vicenza (1978 H. Kloss), and 230 or 65%% of Giazza (Ijetzan) Veneto, 43 kms. northeast of Verona (1992 R. Zamponi). 22,700 were in Sieben Gemeinde and 12,400 in Dreizehn Gemeinde in 1854.""",bib67,no -3164-LEI-1,3164,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3164-vitality-1,3164,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3164-LEI-2,3164,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3164-domains_of_use-2,3164,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6474,yes -3164-vitality-2,3164,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6474,yes +3164-LEI-1,3164,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3164-vitality-1,3164,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3164-LEI-2,3164,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3164-domains_of_use-2,3164,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6498,yes +3164-vitality-2,3164,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6498,yes 3164-LEI-3,3164,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3164-vitality-3,3164,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3164-LEI-4,3164,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3164-vitality-4,3164,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3165-location-1,3165,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9377, 145.4946]]}",,,bib5307,no +3165-location-1,3165,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9377, 145.4946]]}",,,bib5330,no 3165-location-2,3165,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -3165-speaker_number-1,3165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3165-speakers-1,3165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""98"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3165-speaker_number-1,3165,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3165-speakers-1,3165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""98"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3165-speaker_number-2,3165,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3165-speakers-2,3165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""127"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3165-speaker_number-3,3165,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (SIL 2003),bib67,yes 3165-speakers-3,3165,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (SIL 2003),bib67,yes -3165-LEI-1,3165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3165-vitality-1,3165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3165-LEI-1,3165,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3165-vitality-1,3165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3165-LEI-2,3165,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3165-vitality-2,3165,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3165-LEI-3,3165,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -33833,130 +34019,130 @@ results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the childre 3166-LEI-2,3166,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3166-vitality-2,3166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3170-context-1,3170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese [jpn]""}",,Also use Japanese [jpn].,bib69,no -3170-context-2,3170,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2270,no -3170-context-3,3170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,,bib7960,yes +3170-context-2,3170,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2283,no +3170-context-3,3170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,,bib7985,yes 3170-location-1,3170,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Okinawa; Yonaguni island.""}",,,bib69,no -3170-location-2,3170,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""spoken on Yonaguni (\u4e0e\u90a3\u56fd\u5cf6) of the Yaeyama Islands""}",,,bib2270,no -3170-location-3,3170,location,"{""Description"": ""Yongauni Island is the westernmost island in Japan, halfway between Iriomote island and Taiwan. It is part of the Yaeyama district of Okinawa prefecture. The area of the island is 28.91 square kilometers."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.45, 123.0]]}",,,bib7960,yes -3170-location-4,3170,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.458, 122.9802]]}",,,bib5307,no +3170-location-2,3170,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""spoken on Yonaguni (\u4e0e\u90a3\u56fd\u5cf6) of the Yaeyama Islands""}",,,bib2283,no +3170-location-3,3170,location,"{""Description"": ""Yongauni Island is the westernmost island in Japan, halfway between Iriomote island and Taiwan. It is part of the Yaeyama district of Okinawa prefecture. The area of the island is 28.91 square kilometers."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.45, 123.0]]}",,,bib7985,yes +3170-location-4,3170,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.458, 122.9802]]}",,,bib5330,no 3170-speaker_number-1,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3170-speakers-1,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3170-speaker_number-2,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 3170-speakers-2,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -3170-speaker_number-3,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yonaguni and Japanese.,bib2270,no -3170-speakers-3,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yonaguni and Japanese.,bib2270,no -3170-speaker_number-4,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All speakers are at least in their mid-fifties and are bilingual in Standard Japanese. Younger generations are monolingual in Japanese. The speaker estimate of 400 was reached by multiplying the population of the island from census data, ~1600, by 25%.",bib7960,yes -3170-speakers-4,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All speakers are at least in their mid-fifties and are bilingual in Standard Japanese. Younger generations are monolingual in Japanese. The speaker estimate of 400 was reached by multiplying the population of the island from census data, ~1600, by 25%.",bib7960,yes +3170-speaker_number-3,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yonaguni and Japanese.,bib2283,no +3170-speakers-3,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yonaguni and Japanese.,bib2283,no +3170-speaker_number-4,3170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All speakers are at least in their mid-fifties and are bilingual in Standard Japanese. Younger generations are monolingual in Japanese. The speaker estimate of 400 was reached by multiplying the population of the island from census data, ~1600, by 25%.",bib7985,yes +3170-speakers-4,3170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"All speakers are at least in their mid-fifties and are bilingual in Standard Japanese. Younger generations are monolingual in Japanese. The speaker estimate of 400 was reached by multiplying the population of the island from census data, ~1600, by 25%.",bib7985,yes 3170-LEI-1,3170,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3170-vitality-1,3170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3170-LEI-2,3170,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly adults.,bib69,no 3170-vitality-2,3170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mainly adults.,bib69,no -3170-LEI-3,3170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -3170-transmission-3,3170,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -3170-domains_of_use-3,3170,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -3170-speaker_number_trends-3,3170,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -3170-vitality-3,3170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -3170-LEI-4,3170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7960,yes -3170-transmission-4,3170,transmission,4,transmission-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7960,yes -3170-domains_of_use-4,3170,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7960,yes -3170-speaker_number_trends-4,3170,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7960,yes -3170-vitality-4,3170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7960,yes -3171-context-1,3171,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6474,no -3171-location-1,3171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0819, 9.0307]]}",,,bib5307,yes -3171-location-2,3171,location,"{""Places"": [""Corsica, France, Italy""]}",,,bib6474,no +3170-LEI-3,3170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +3170-transmission-3,3170,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +3170-domains_of_use-3,3170,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +3170-speaker_number_trends-3,3170,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +3170-vitality-3,3170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Yonaguni speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yonaguni learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +3170-LEI-4,3170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7985,yes +3170-transmission-4,3170,transmission,4,transmission-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7985,yes +3170-domains_of_use-4,3170,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7985,yes +3170-speaker_number_trends-4,3170,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7985,yes +3170-vitality-4,3170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"“Many women come from outside the island, which further contributes to the replacement of Dunan by Standard Japanese. Within most Yonaguni families, the inter-generational transmission of the language has been long interrupted, and the total number of Dunan speakers is steeply decreasing.”",bib7985,yes +3171-context-1,3171,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6498,no +3171-location-1,3171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0819, 9.0307]]}",,,bib5330,yes +3171-location-2,3171,location,"{""Places"": [""Corsica, France, Italy""]}",,,bib6498,no 3171-location-3,3171,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Uruguay"", ""Cuba"", ""Venezuela"", ""France"", ""Canada"", ""Puerto Rico"", ""Bolivia"", ""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -3171-speaker_number-1,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,yes -3171-speakers-1,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,yes -3171-speaker_number-2,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,no -3171-speakers-2,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,no +3171-speaker_number-1,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,yes +3171-speakers-1,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,yes +3171-speaker_number-2,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,no +3171-speakers-2,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~350,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,no 3171-speaker_number-3,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3171-speakers-3,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""402,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3171-speaker_number-4,3171,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"341,000 in France (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001).",bib67,no 3171-speakers-4,3171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""402,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"341,000 in France (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001).",bib67,no -3171-LEI-1,3171,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3171-vitality-1,3171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -3171-LEI-2,3171,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3171-speaker_number_trends-2,3171,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6474,no -3171-vitality-2,3171,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6474,no +3171-LEI-1,3171,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3171-vitality-1,3171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +3171-LEI-2,3171,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3171-speaker_number_trends-2,3171,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6498,no +3171-vitality-2,3171,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6498,no 3171-LEI-3,3171,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3171-vitality-3,3171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3171-LEI-4,3171,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3171-vitality-4,3171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3173-location-1,3173,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.60748622, 140.5779752]]}",,,bib1182,no +3173-location-1,3173,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.60748622, 140.5779752]]}",,,bib1191,no 3173-speaker_number-1,3173,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3173-speakers-1,3173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3173-speaker_number-2,3173,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3173-speakers-2,3173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3173-speaker_number-2,3173,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3173-speakers-2,3173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3173-LEI-1,3173,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3173-vitality-1,3173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3173-LEI-2,3173,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3173-vitality-2,3173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3174-context-1,3174,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5844,yes -3174-location-1,3174,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -3174-location-2,3174,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Kafang (\u5361\u623f), Laochang (\u8001\u5ee0) and Datun (\u5927\u5c6f) Townships of Gejiu (\u7b87\u820a) City, and eastern Lengquan (\u51b7\u6cc9) Township of Mengzi (\u8499\u81ea) County."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.277, 103.151], [23.42, 103.281], [23.298, 103.208]]}",,,bib5844,yes +3173-LEI-2,3173,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3173-vitality-2,3173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3174-context-1,3174,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5868,yes +3174-location-1,3174,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +3174-location-2,3174,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Kafang (\u5361\u623f), Laochang (\u8001\u5ee0) and Datun (\u5927\u5c6f) Townships of Gejiu (\u7b87\u820a) City, and eastern Lengquan (\u51b7\u6cc9) Township of Mengzi (\u8499\u81ea) County."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.277, 103.151], [23.42, 103.281], [23.298, 103.208]]}",,,bib5868,yes 3174-location-3,3174,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3174-speaker_number-1,3174,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5844,yes -3174-speakers-1,3174,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,0000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5844,yes +3174-speaker_number-1,3174,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5868,yes +3174-speakers-1,3174,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,0000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5868,yes 3174-speaker_number-2,3174,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 (2008)",bib67,no 3174-speakers-2,3174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 (2008)",bib67,no -3174-LEI-1,3174,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5844,yes -3174-transmission-1,3174,transmission,1,transmission-1,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5844,yes -3174-speaker_number_trends-1,3174,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5844,yes -3174-vitality-1,3174,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5844,yes +3174-LEI-1,3174,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5868,yes +3174-transmission-1,3174,transmission,1,transmission-1,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5868,yes +3174-speaker_number_trends-1,3174,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5868,yes +3174-vitality-1,3174,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children learn to speak Mandarin at the age of 7. Community announcements and meetings are held in Mandarin. Younger generation tends to code-switch between Muji and Mandarin frequently.,bib5868,yes 3174-LEI-2,3174,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3174-vitality-2,3174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3175-context-1,3175,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""(southewestern) Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5844,yes -3175-location-1,3175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -3175-location-2,3175,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Shuitian (\u6c34\u7530), Lengquan (\u51b7\u6cc9) and Qilubai (\u671f\u8def\u767d) Townships of Mengzi (\u8499\u81ea) County, and Xinxian (\u65b0\u73fe) Township of Pingbian (\u5c4f\u908a) County, Yunnan Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.133, 103.382], [23.207, 103.389], [23.196, 103.522], [23.176, 103.536]]}",,,bib5844,yes +3175-context-1,3175,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""(southewestern) Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5868,yes +3175-location-1,3175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +3175-location-2,3175,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Shuitian (\u6c34\u7530), Lengquan (\u51b7\u6cc9) and Qilubai (\u671f\u8def\u767d) Townships of Mengzi (\u8499\u81ea) County, and Xinxian (\u65b0\u73fe) Township of Pingbian (\u5c4f\u908a) County, Yunnan Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.133, 103.382], [23.207, 103.389], [23.196, 103.522], [23.176, 103.536]]}",,,bib5868,yes 3175-location-3,3175,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3175-speaker_number-1,3175,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3175-speakers-1,3175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3175-speaker_number-2,3175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5844,yes -3175-speakers-2,3175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5844,yes +3175-speaker_number-1,3175,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3175-speakers-1,3175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3175-speaker_number-2,3175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5868,yes +3175-speakers-2,3175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5868,yes 3175-speaker_number-3,3175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3175-speakers-3,3175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3175-LEI-1,3175,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3175-vitality-1,3175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3175-LEI-2,3175,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5844,yes -3175-transmission-2,3175,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5844,yes -3175-domains_of_use-2,3175,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5844,yes -3175-speaker_number_trends-2,3175,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5844,yes -3175-vitality-2,3175,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5844,yes +3175-LEI-1,3175,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3175-vitality-1,3175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3175-LEI-2,3175,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5868,yes +3175-transmission-2,3175,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5868,yes +3175-domains_of_use-2,3175,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5868,yes +3175-speaker_number_trends-2,3175,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5868,yes +3175-vitality-2,3175,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some villages in Xiepo have begun to shift to (southwestern) Mandarin 50 years ago. Conversation in the home domains are 50% in Northern Muji and 50% in Mandarin. For the Northern Muji living close to cities, only middle aged and elderly people are able to speak Northern Muji. As for the ethnic Nothern Muji who live in Luoshuidong, none of them speak Northern Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Mandarin.",bib5868,yes 3175-LEI-3,3175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3175-vitality-3,3175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3176-context-1,3176,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,Children growing up speaking Qila Muji as L1 in the communities and learn Mandarin which is the official language of China in school. Qila Muji is the dominant language for daily communication within the Qila Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Qila Muji.,bib5844,yes -3176-location-1,3176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -3176-location-2,3176,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Laojizhai (\u8001\u96c6\u5be8\u9109) and Jinshuihe (\u91d1\u6c34\u6cb3\u93ae) Townships of southern Jinping County (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23), Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u7701), China; 3 isolated Qila Muji villages (Qila, Wantang, and Muong Gong) located in northwestern Lai Chau Province in Vietnam"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.601, 103.163]]}",,,bib5844,yes +3176-context-1,3176,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,Children growing up speaking Qila Muji as L1 in the communities and learn Mandarin which is the official language of China in school. Qila Muji is the dominant language for daily communication within the Qila Muji. Community announcements and meetings are all in Qila Muji.,bib5868,yes +3176-location-1,3176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +3176-location-2,3176,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Laojizhai (\u8001\u96c6\u5be8\u9109) and Jinshuihe (\u91d1\u6c34\u6cb3\u93ae) Townships of southern Jinping County (\u91d1\u5e73\u7e23), Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u7701), China; 3 isolated Qila Muji villages (Qila, Wantang, and Muong Gong) located in northwestern Lai Chau Province in Vietnam"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.601, 103.163]]}",,,bib5868,yes 3176-location-3,3176,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3176-speaker_number-1,3176,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5844,yes -3176-speakers-1,3176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5844,yes +3176-speaker_number-1,3176,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5868,yes +3176-speakers-1,3176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5868,yes 3176-speaker_number-2,3176,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3176-speakers-2,3176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3176-LEI-1,3176,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5844,yes -3176-transmission-1,3176,transmission,0,transmission-0,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5844,yes -3176-domains_of_use-1,3176,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5844,yes -3176-speaker_number_trends-1,3176,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5844,yes -3176-vitality-1,3176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5844,yes +3176-LEI-1,3176,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5868,yes +3176-transmission-1,3176,transmission,0,transmission-0,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5868,yes +3176-domains_of_use-1,3176,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5868,yes +3176-speaker_number_trends-1,3176,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5868,yes +3176-vitality-1,3176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Qila Muji functions as the language for daily communication. Outsiders married into Qila Muji communities have to learn Qila Muji as well. But the medium for education is Mandarin.,bib5868,yes 3176-LEI-2,3176,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 3176-vitality-2,3176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -3177-context-1,3177,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek""}",,,bib6474,yes -3177-location-1,3177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3196, 33.338]]}",,,bib5307,no -3177-location-2,3177,location,"{""Places"": [""Cyprus""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the Kormakiti village in the north.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3177-context-1,3177,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek""}",,,bib6498,yes +3177-location-1,3177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3196, 33.338]]}",,,bib5330,no +3177-location-2,3177,location,"{""Places"": [""Cyprus""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the Kormakiti village in the north.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3177-location-3,3177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.25, 33.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3177-location-4,3177,location,"{""Places"": [""Cyprus""]}",,,bib67,no -3177-speaker_number-1,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3177-speakers-1,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3177-speaker_number-2,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3177-speakers-2,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3177-speaker_number-1,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3177-speakers-1,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3177-speaker_number-2,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3177-speakers-2,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3177-speaker_number-3,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3177-speakers-3,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3177-speaker_number-4,3177,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3177-speakers-4,3177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3177-LEI-1,3177,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3177-vitality-1,3177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3177-LEI-2,3177,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3177-transmission-2,3177,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,yes -3177-vitality-2,3177,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3177-LEI-1,3177,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3177-vitality-1,3177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3177-LEI-2,3177,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3177-transmission-2,3177,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,yes +3177-vitality-2,3177,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3177-LEI-3,3177,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3177-vitality-3,3177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3177-LEI-4,3177,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -33971,68 +34157,68 @@ results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the childre 3178-vitality-1,3178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3178-LEI-2,3178,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3178-vitality-2,3178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3179-context-1,3179,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Phula, Chinese""}",,Most Muji speak Phula rather than Muji.,bib1205,yes -3179-location-1,3179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -3179-location-2,3179,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Luchaichong in the mountains of Lainhutang (\u84ee\u82b1\u5858) Township, Xichou County (\u897f\u7587\u7e23)""}",,,bib5844,no -3179-location-3,3179,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Mengzi County, Gejiu City and surrounding areas. Gamadi village, Shuitian Township (where the language has been briefly described)""}",,,bib1205,yes +3179-context-1,3179,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Phula, Chinese""}",,Most Muji speak Phula rather than Muji.,bib1214,yes +3179-location-1,3179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +3179-location-2,3179,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Luchaichong in the mountains of Lainhutang (\u84ee\u82b1\u5858) Township, Xichou County (\u897f\u7587\u7e23)""}",,,bib5868,no +3179-location-3,3179,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Mengzi County, Gejiu City and surrounding areas. Gamadi village, Shuitian Township (where the language has been briefly described)""}",,,bib1214,yes 3179-location-4,3179,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3179-speaker_number-1,3179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5844,no -3179-speakers-1,3179,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5844,no -3179-speakers-2,3179,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">400""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Only 400 remaining speakers in Gamadi and similarly reduced numbers elsewhere.,bib1205,yes +3179-speaker_number-1,3179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5868,no +3179-speakers-1,3179,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5868,no +3179-speakers-2,3179,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">400""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Only 400 remaining speakers in Gamadi and similarly reduced numbers elsewhere.,bib1214,yes 3179-speaker_number-3,3179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 3179-speakers-3,3179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -3179-LEI-1,3179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5844,no -3179-vitality-1,3179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5844,no -3179-LEI-2,3179,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1205,yes -3179-transmission-2,3179,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1205,yes -3179-vitality-2,3179,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1205,yes +3179-LEI-1,3179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5868,no +3179-vitality-1,3179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5868,no +3179-LEI-2,3179,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1214,yes +3179-transmission-2,3179,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1214,yes +3179-vitality-2,3179,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Some children speak the language, but it is endangered.",bib1214,yes 3179-LEI-3,3179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3179-vitality-3,3179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3180-location-1,3180,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.4449, -73.5644]]}",,,bib5307,no +3180-location-1,3180,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.4449, -73.5644]]}",,,bib5330,no 3180-location-2,3180,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Mara\u00f1on and Amazon rivers from Tigre mouth to Nanay river.""}",,,bib69,no -3180-location-3,3180,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3180-location-3,3180,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3180-speakers-1,3180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -3180-speakers-2,3180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1902,yes -3180-speakers-3,3180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1439,no +3180-speakers-2,3180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1914,yes +3180-speakers-3,3180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1451,no 3180-LEI-1,3180,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 3180-vitality-1,3180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -3180-LEI-2,3180,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -3180-vitality-2,3180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -3180-LEI-3,3180,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1439,no -3180-vitality-3,3180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1439,no -3181-context-1,3181,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"generally fluent within those communities still retaining the language; knowledge of other languages is, however, universal; in spite of the lack of a written standard, the speakers of Dagur have a tradition of learning and scholarship (earlier in Manchu, today in Chinese and Written Mongolian)",bib6475,yes -3181-location-1,3181,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""In central and northwestern Manchuria, China, administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (in the Nonni and Imin basins), and the province of Heilongjiang (in the Nonni basin); officially concentrated in the Dagur Autonomous Banner of Hulun Buir; there is also a small remnant population in the Aihui region (in the middle Amur basin).""}",,,bib6475,yes -3181-location-2,3181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7737, 83.0017]]}",,,bib5307,no +3180-LEI-2,3180,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +3180-vitality-2,3180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +3180-LEI-3,3180,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1451,no +3180-vitality-3,3180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1451,no +3181-context-1,3181,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"generally fluent within those communities still retaining the language; knowledge of other languages is, however, universal; in spite of the lack of a written standard, the speakers of Dagur have a tradition of learning and scholarship (earlier in Manchu, today in Chinese and Written Mongolian)",bib6499,yes +3181-location-1,3181,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""In central and northwestern Manchuria, China, administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (in the Nonni and Imin basins), and the province of Heilongjiang (in the Nonni basin); officially concentrated in the Dagur Autonomous Banner of Hulun Buir; there is also a small remnant population in the Aihui region (in the middle Amur basin).""}",,,bib6499,yes +3181-location-2,3181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7737, 83.0017]]}",,,bib5330,no 3181-location-3,3181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.0, 124.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3181-location-4,3181,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3181-speaker_number-1,3181,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6475,yes -3181-speakers-1,3181,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~90,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0 (Heilongjiang Province)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6475,yes -3181-speaker_number-2,3181,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3181-speakers-2,3181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""109,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3181-speaker_number-1,3181,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6499,yes +3181-speakers-1,3181,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~90,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0 (Heilongjiang Province)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6499,yes +3181-speaker_number-2,3181,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3181-speakers-2,3181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""109,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3181-speaker_number-3,3181,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3181-speakers-3,3181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3181-speakers-4,3181,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""132,394""}",,"96,100 in China (1999 Y. Dong). 24,270 monolinguals. 35,000 Buteha dialect, 35,000 Qiqiha’er dialect, 15,500 Haila’er dialect, 4500 Ili dialect.",bib67,no -3181-LEI-1,3181,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6475,yes -3181-transmission-1,3181,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6475,yes -3181-speaker_number_trends-1,3181,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6475,yes -3181-vitality-1,3181,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6475,yes -3181-LEI-2,3181,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3181-vitality-2,3181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3181-LEI-1,3181,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6499,yes +3181-transmission-1,3181,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6499,yes +3181-speaker_number_trends-1,3181,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6499,yes +3181-vitality-1,3181,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In Hulun Buir (esp. in the Imin basin) the language is still being retained well, while among most groups in Heilongjiang it has ceased to be transmitted to children.",bib6499,yes +3181-LEI-2,3181,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3181-vitality-2,3181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3181-LEI-3,3181,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3181-vitality-3,3181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3182-context-1,3182,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""(Southwestern) Mandarin; Hani"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"Southern Muji is the medium of daily life communication, and is normally learned by children as L1. Community announcements and meetings are all in Southern Muji. But some children living in Jinhezhen (金河鎮), near Jinping County (金平縣), Yunnan Province (雲南省), can't speak Southern Muji at all. People over age 7, as long as they go to school, they start to learn Mandarin, the official language of China. One third of male Southern Muji living in Pujiazhai (普家寨) of Yunnan Province can also speak Hani.",bib5844,yes -3182-location-1,3182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5307,no -3182-location-2,3182,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province of China""], ""Description"": ""mainly dwelling in Shayipo, Dazhai and Adebo Townships of northern Jinping County; also in Tongchang Township of southwestern Jinping County, Fengchuling Township of eastern Yuanyang County, southeastern Shuitian Township of southern Mengzi County, Manhao Township of southeastern Gejiu County. There are two Southern Muji speaking villages in Lai Chau Province in Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.908, 103.22], [22.913, 103.322], [23.132, 103.381]]}",,,bib5844,yes +3182-context-1,3182,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""(Southwestern) Mandarin; Hani"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"Southern Muji is the medium of daily life communication, and is normally learned by children as L1. Community announcements and meetings are all in Southern Muji. But some children living in Jinhezhen (金河鎮), near Jinping County (金平縣), Yunnan Province (雲南省), can't speak Southern Muji at all. People over age 7, as long as they go to school, they start to learn Mandarin, the official language of China. One third of male Southern Muji living in Pujiazhai (普家寨) of Yunnan Province can also speak Hani.",bib5868,yes +3182-location-1,3182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6, 102.7333]]}",,,bib5330,no +3182-location-2,3182,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province of China""], ""Description"": ""mainly dwelling in Shayipo, Dazhai and Adebo Townships of northern Jinping County; also in Tongchang Township of southwestern Jinping County, Fengchuling Township of eastern Yuanyang County, southeastern Shuitian Township of southern Mengzi County, Manhao Township of southeastern Gejiu County. There are two Southern Muji speaking villages in Lai Chau Province in Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.908, 103.22], [22.913, 103.322], [23.132, 103.381]]}",,,bib5868,yes 3182-location-3,3182,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3182-speaker_number-1,3182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5844,yes -3182-speakers-1,3182,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5844,yes +3182-speaker_number-1,3182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5868,yes +3182-speakers-1,3182,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5868,yes 3182-speaker_number-2,3182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3182-speakers-2,3182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3182-LEI-1,3182,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5844,yes -3182-transmission-1,3182,transmission,0,transmission-0,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5844,yes -3182-domains_of_use-1,3182,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5844,yes -3182-speaker_number_trends-1,3182,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5844,yes -3182-vitality-1,3182,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5844,yes +3182-LEI-1,3182,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5868,yes +3182-transmission-1,3182,transmission,0,transmission-0,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5868,yes +3182-domains_of_use-1,3182,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5868,yes +3182-speaker_number_trends-1,3182,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5868,yes +3182-vitality-1,3182,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,People speak Southern Muji in daily life and is learned by children as their L1.,bib5868,yes 3182-LEI-2,3182,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 3182-vitality-2,3182,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 3188-location-1,3188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.09, 149.98]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -34045,160 +34231,160 @@ results suggested that in the Xinguanian Kawaiwete villages, most of the childre 3188-vitality-1,3188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3188-LEI-2,3188,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3188-vitality-2,3188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3189-context-1,3189,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish""}",,,bib6474,yes -3189-location-1,3189,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central parts of Dalarna Province""}",,,bib6474,yes -3189-location-2,3189,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.2385, 14.0295]]}",,,bib5307,no +3189-context-1,3189,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish""}",,,bib6498,yes +3189-location-1,3189,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the central parts of Dalarna Province""}",,,bib6498,yes +3189-location-2,3189,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.2385, 14.0295]]}",,,bib5330,no 3189-speaker_number-1,3189,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3189-speakers-1,3189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3189-speaker_number-2,3189,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3189-speakers-2,3189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3189-speaker_number-2,3189,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3189-speakers-2,3189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3189-LEI-1,3189,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3189-vitality-1,3189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3189-LEI-2,3189,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3189-speaker_number_trends-2,3189,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6474,yes -3189-vitality-2,3189,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6474,yes -3191-context-1,3191,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school, market, many homes""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Yunnan Mandarin, Eastern Lipo, Nasu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral attitudes toward language loss"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all Miqie speak Mandarin""}",,"The use of Miqie is largely depending on the specific village context, namely the rate of intermarriage of Miqie with Chinese or other ethnic groups such as Lipo (called Lisu). Most Miqie villages are in a village cluster with other ethnic groups, including Han, Lipo, Lolo, Nasu, Hani, and Miao. Most elders and some middle-age Miqie speak the languages of the groups near their village and as well as Mandarin.",bib2834,yes +3189-LEI-2,3189,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3189-speaker_number_trends-2,3189,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6498,yes +3189-vitality-2,3189,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6498,yes +3191-context-1,3191,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school, market, many homes""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Yunnan Mandarin, Eastern Lipo, Nasu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral attitudes toward language loss"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all Miqie speak Mandarin""}",,"The use of Miqie is largely depending on the specific village context, namely the rate of intermarriage of Miqie with Chinese or other ethnic groups such as Lipo (called Lisu). Most Miqie villages are in a village cluster with other ethnic groups, including Han, Lipo, Lolo, Nasu, Hani, and Miao. Most elders and some middle-age Miqie speak the languages of the groups near their village and as well as Mandarin.",bib2848,yes 3191-location-1,3191,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Scattered locations from Fumin, Luquan and Wuding counties north of Kunming, also in various small clusters in Yongren, Dayao, Yaoan and Nanhua counties in west-central Yunnan, and in Jingdong, Zhenyuan and Jinggu counties further south, along the eastern side of the Mekong.""}",,"Also formerly spoken in several villages in southern Anning and southwestern Jinning counties south of Kunming, and as far south as one Lahu village at the northern extremity of Thailand, which intermarried with the Miqie -and later moved from Jinggu County to Burma in the early 1950s and in 1971 to Thailand.",bib1205,no -3191-location-2,3191,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Scattered villages in border region of Luquan and Fumin counties in Kunming City Administration and Wuding and Lufeng counties in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture."", ""Coordinates"": [[25.385286, 102.454376], [25.453369, 102.423347], [25.581697, 102.570808], [25.620361, 102.346939], [25.586885, 102.247009]]}",,,bib2834,yes +and later moved from Jinggu County to Burma in the early 1950s and in 1971 to Thailand.",bib1214,no +3191-location-2,3191,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Scattered villages in border region of Luquan and Fumin counties in Kunming City Administration and Wuding and Lufeng counties in Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture."", ""Coordinates"": [[25.385286, 102.454376], [25.453369, 102.423347], [25.581697, 102.570808], [25.620361, 102.346939], [25.586885, 102.247009]]}",,,bib2848,yes 3191-location-3,3191,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, Wuding (Jincheng, Jiuchang, and Chadian districts), north Fumin, north Lufeng, south Luquan counties, parts of Yongren, Dayao, Yao\u2019an, Nanhua, Jingdong, Zhenyuan, Jinggu, and Yimen counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[25.530389, 102.404338]]}",,,bib67,no -3191-speaker_number-1,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3191-speakers-1,3191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3191-speaker_number-2,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Micha and Miqie are autonyms. Moderately closely related to Lipho.,bib1205,no -3191-speakers-2,3191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Micha and Miqie are autonyms. Moderately closely related to Lipho.,bib1205,no -3191-speaker_number-3,3191,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Miqie people call themselves as ""Micha"" in Mandarin.",bib2834,yes -3191-speakers-3,3191,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Miqie people call themselves as ""Micha"" in Mandarin.",bib2834,yes +3191-speaker_number-1,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3191-speakers-1,3191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3191-speaker_number-2,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Micha and Miqie are autonyms. Moderately closely related to Lipho.,bib1214,no +3191-speakers-2,3191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Micha and Miqie are autonyms. Moderately closely related to Lipho.,bib1214,no +3191-speaker_number-3,3191,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Miqie people call themselves as ""Micha"" in Mandarin.",bib2848,yes +3191-speakers-3,3191,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Miqie people call themselves as ""Micha"" in Mandarin.",bib2848,yes 3191-speaker_number-4,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3191-speakers-4,3191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3191-speaker_number-5,3191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data from (Bradley 2007), decreasing.",bib67,no 3191-speakers-5,3191,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data from (Bradley 2007), decreasing.",bib67,no -3191-LEI-1,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3191-vitality-1,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3191-LEI-2,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in some areas, moribund or severely endangered in others, otherwise endangered.",bib1205,no -3191-vitality-2,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Extinct in some areas, moribund or severely endangered in others, otherwise endangered.",bib1205,no -3191-LEI-3,3191,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2834,yes -3191-transmission-3,3191,transmission,1,transmission-1,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2834,yes -3191-domains_of_use-3,3191,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2834,yes -3191-speaker_number_trends-3,3191,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2834,yes -3191-vitality-3,3191,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2834,yes +3191-LEI-1,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3191-vitality-1,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3191-LEI-2,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in some areas, moribund or severely endangered in others, otherwise endangered.",bib1214,no +3191-vitality-2,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Extinct in some areas, moribund or severely endangered in others, otherwise endangered.",bib1214,no +3191-LEI-3,3191,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2848,yes +3191-transmission-3,3191,transmission,1,transmission-1,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2848,yes +3191-domains_of_use-3,3191,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2848,yes +3191-speaker_number_trends-3,3191,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2848,yes +3191-vitality-3,3191,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Intermarriage with Han Chinese or other ethnic group has significant impact on the family and village's rate of intergenerational transmission.,bib2848,yes 3191-LEI-4,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3191-vitality-4,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3191-LEI-5,3191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No remaining speakers in Jinning and Anning counties; declining elsewhere. Home. Neutral attitudes. Most also use Mandarin Chinese.,bib67,no 3191-vitality-5,3191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No remaining speakers in Jinning and Anning counties; declining elsewhere. Home. Neutral attitudes. Most also use Mandarin Chinese.,bib67,no -3192-location-1,3192,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.206136, 137.392852]]}",,,bib1182,no +3192-location-1,3192,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.206136, 137.392852]]}",,,bib1191,no 3192-speaker_number-1,3192,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3192-speakers-1,3192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3192-speaker_number-2,3192,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3192-speakers-2,3192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3192-speaker_number-2,3192,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3192-speakers-2,3192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3192-LEI-1,3192,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3192-vitality-1,3192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3192-LEI-2,3192,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3192-vitality-2,3192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3193-location-1,3193,location,"{""Places"": [""Roebourne, Port Hedland, Karratha, southwest Pilbara""], ""Description"": ""Remaining Yindjibarndi speakers live in the towns of Roebourne, Port Hedland and Karratha and a number of communities in the south-west Pilbara.""}",,,bib1596,yes -3193-location-2,3193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.10432211, 118.0814646]]}",,,bib1182,no +3192-LEI-2,3192,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3192-vitality-2,3192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3193-location-1,3193,location,"{""Places"": [""Roebourne, Port Hedland, Karratha, southwest Pilbara""], ""Description"": ""Remaining Yindjibarndi speakers live in the towns of Roebourne, Port Hedland and Karratha and a number of communities in the south-west Pilbara.""}",,,bib1608,yes +3193-location-2,3193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.10432211, 118.0814646]]}",,,bib1191,no 3193-location-3,3193,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3193-speaker_number-1,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -3193-speakers-1,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -3193-speaker_number-2,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2004 there were estimated to be between six and seven hundred speakers of the Yindjibarndi language. A number of other people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yindjibarndi and many more identify as being from Yindjibarndi heritage... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language.",bib1596,yes -3193-speakers-2,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be between six and seven hundred speakers of the Yindjibarndi language. A number of other people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yindjibarndi and many more identify as being from Yindjibarndi heritage... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language.",bib1596,yes +3193-speaker_number-1,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +3193-speakers-1,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +3193-speaker_number-2,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2004 there were estimated to be between six and seven hundred speakers of the Yindjibarndi language. A number of other people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yindjibarndi and many more identify as being from Yindjibarndi heritage... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language.",bib1608,yes +3193-speakers-2,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be between six and seven hundred speakers of the Yindjibarndi language. A number of other people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yindjibarndi and many more identify as being from Yindjibarndi heritage... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language.",bib1608,yes 3193-speaker_number-3,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 3193-speakers-3,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no 3193-speaker_number-4,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data is from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 3193-speakers-4,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data is from a 1996 census.,bib67,no 3193-speaker_number-5,3193,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3193-speakers-5,3193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3193-LEI-1,3193,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3193-vitality-1,3193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3193-LEI-2,3193,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1596,yes -3193-transmission-2,3193,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1596,yes -3193-vitality-2,3193,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1596,yes +3193-LEI-1,3193,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3193-vitality-1,3193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3193-LEI-2,3193,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1608,yes +3193-transmission-2,3193,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1608,yes +3193-vitality-2,3193,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1608,yes 3193-LEI-3,3193,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3193-vitality-3,3193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3193-LEI-4,3193,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3193-vitality-4,3193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3193-LEI-5,3193,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3193-vitality-5,3193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3196-context-1,3196,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Darkhat Mongolian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6092,yes -3196-location-1,3196,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.9307, 98.9318]]}",,,bib5307,no -3196-location-2,3196,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by a semi-nomadic group living to the northwest of Lake Kho \u0308vsgo \u0308l, mainly in the Tsaagannuur district of Kho \u0308vsgo \u0308l League in the northernmost region of Mongolia, in an area bordering the Republic of Tuva in the west and the Republic of Buryatia in the northeast.""}",,,bib6474,no +3196-context-1,3196,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Darkhat Mongolian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6116,yes +3196-location-1,3196,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.9307, 98.9318]]}",,,bib5330,no +3196-location-2,3196,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by a semi-nomadic group living to the northwest of Lake Kho \u0308vsgo \u0308l, mainly in the Tsaagannuur district of Kho \u0308vsgo \u0308l League in the northernmost region of Mongolia, in an area bordering the Republic of Tuva in the west and the Republic of Buryatia in the northeast.""}",,,bib6498,no 3196-location-3,3196,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""within the district of Tsagaan-Nuur""}",,"""The Dukhan people can be divided into three groups according to their geographical location: a. reindeer-breeding families of the East Taiga b. reindeer-breeding families of the West Taiga -c. families living in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur and in the river areas nearby"" (p.13)",bib6092,yes -3196-speaker_number-1,3196,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,no -3196-speakers-1,3196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,no -3196-speaker_number-2,3196,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6092,yes -3196-speakers-2,3196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6092,yes -3196-LEI-1,3196,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,no -3196-transmission-1,3196,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,no -3196-speaker_number_trends-1,3196,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,no -3196-vitality-1,3196,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,no +c. families living in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur and in the river areas nearby"" (p.13)",bib6116,yes +3196-speaker_number-1,3196,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,no +3196-speakers-1,3196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,no +3196-speaker_number-2,3196,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6116,yes +3196-speakers-2,3196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6116,yes +3196-LEI-1,3196,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,no +3196-transmission-1,3196,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,no +3196-speaker_number_trends-1,3196,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,no +3196-vitality-1,3196,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The number of speakers lies between 100 and 200, and because of the geographic isolation and the traditional way of life, practically all of the members of the group continue to speak the native language, and at least until the 1970s children used to be monolingual in it. Given the very small population, Dukha must nevertheless be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,no 3196-LEI-2,3196,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Today, all Dukhans are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian... all Dukhans over 30 years of age are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian. They use one idiom or the other depending on the addressee. Dukhans between 20 and 30 years of age have various degrees of Dukhan proficiency, depending on the internal structure of the family. Dukhans between 15 and 20 years of age tend to use Mongolian for all spheres of communication, even if they, in many instances, master Dukhan perfectly. Dukhan below 15 years of age speak only Darkhat Mongolian, but have a passive knowledge of Dukhan. Their Dukhan speech is strongely adapted to Mongolian constructions. Within the Dukhan community, there are many households where parents speak more Mongolian than Dukhan with their children. In mixed families, where one of the parents is Mongol, the children rarely master Dukhan. Only in rare cases do Mongols who are married to a Dukhan-speaking person learn the language... -Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6092,yes +Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6116,yes 3196-transmission-2,3196,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Today, all Dukhans are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian... all Dukhans over 30 years of age are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian. They use one idiom or the other depending on the addressee. Dukhans between 20 and 30 years of age have various degrees of Dukhan proficiency, depending on the internal structure of the family. Dukhans between 15 and 20 years of age tend to use Mongolian for all spheres of communication, even if they, in many instances, master Dukhan perfectly. Dukhan below 15 years of age speak only Darkhat Mongolian, but have a passive knowledge of Dukhan. Their Dukhan speech is strongely adapted to Mongolian constructions. Within the Dukhan community, there are many households where parents speak more Mongolian than Dukhan with their children. In mixed families, where one of the parents is Mongol, the children rarely master Dukhan. Only in rare cases do Mongols who are married to a Dukhan-speaking person learn the language... -Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6092,yes +Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6116,yes 3196-domains_of_use-2,3196,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Today, all Dukhans are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian... all Dukhans over 30 years of age are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian. They use one idiom or the other depending on the addressee. Dukhans between 20 and 30 years of age have various degrees of Dukhan proficiency, depending on the internal structure of the family. Dukhans between 15 and 20 years of age tend to use Mongolian for all spheres of communication, even if they, in many instances, master Dukhan perfectly. Dukhan below 15 years of age speak only Darkhat Mongolian, but have a passive knowledge of Dukhan. Their Dukhan speech is strongely adapted to Mongolian constructions. Within the Dukhan community, there are many households where parents speak more Mongolian than Dukhan with their children. In mixed families, where one of the parents is Mongol, the children rarely master Dukhan. Only in rare cases do Mongols who are married to a Dukhan-speaking person learn the language... -Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6092,yes +Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6116,yes 3196-speaker_number_trends-2,3196,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Today, all Dukhans are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian... all Dukhans over 30 years of age are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian. They use one idiom or the other depending on the addressee. Dukhans between 20 and 30 years of age have various degrees of Dukhan proficiency, depending on the internal structure of the family. Dukhans between 15 and 20 years of age tend to use Mongolian for all spheres of communication, even if they, in many instances, master Dukhan perfectly. Dukhan below 15 years of age speak only Darkhat Mongolian, but have a passive knowledge of Dukhan. Their Dukhan speech is strongely adapted to Mongolian constructions. Within the Dukhan community, there are many households where parents speak more Mongolian than Dukhan with their children. In mixed families, where one of the parents is Mongol, the children rarely master Dukhan. Only in rare cases do Mongols who are married to a Dukhan-speaking person learn the language... -Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6092,yes +Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6116,yes 3196-vitality-2,3196,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Today, all Dukhans are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian... all Dukhans over 30 years of age are bilingual in Dukhan and Darkhat Mongolian. They use one idiom or the other depending on the addressee. Dukhans between 20 and 30 years of age have various degrees of Dukhan proficiency, depending on the internal structure of the family. Dukhans between 15 and 20 years of age tend to use Mongolian for all spheres of communication, even if they, in many instances, master Dukhan perfectly. Dukhan below 15 years of age speak only Darkhat Mongolian, but have a passive knowledge of Dukhan. Their Dukhan speech is strongely adapted to Mongolian constructions. Within the Dukhan community, there are many households where parents speak more Mongolian than Dukhan with their children. In mixed families, where one of the parents is Mongol, the children rarely master Dukhan. Only in rare cases do Mongols who are married to a Dukhan-speaking person learn the language... -Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6092,yes +Finally, it should be pointed out that the use of Dukhan is more common in the taiga areas, whereas it is decreasing in the river areas and in the village of Tsagaan-Nuur."" (p.31-32)",bib6116,yes 3197-location-1,3197,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3197-location-2,3197,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.11594422, 145.7736814]]}",,,bib1182,no -3197-speaker_number-1,3197,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -3197-speakers-1,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +3197-location-2,3197,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.11594422, 145.7736814]]}",,,bib1191,no +3197-speaker_number-1,3197,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +3197-speakers-1,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 3197-speaker_number-2,3197,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data is from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 3197-speakers-2,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data is from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 3197-speaker_number-3,3197,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3197-speakers-3,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 3197-speaker_number-4,3197,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3197-speakers-4,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3197-speaker_number-5,3197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -3197-speakers-5,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -3197-LEI-1,3197,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3197-vitality-1,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3197-speaker_number-5,3197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +3197-speakers-5,3197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +3197-LEI-1,3197,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3197-vitality-1,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3197-LEI-2,3197,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3197-vitality-2,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3197-LEI-3,3197,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3197-vitality-3,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3197-LEI-4,3197,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3197-vitality-4,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3197-LEI-5,3197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3197-vitality-5,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +3197-LEI-5,3197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3197-vitality-5,3197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 3198-location-1,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.332082, 114.209518]]}",,"Spoken along the Gascoyne River from Carnarvon inland to Gascoyne Junction -and south to the Wooramel River.",bib596,no -3198-location-2,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.65754271, 115.8991493]]}",,,bib1182,no +and south to the Wooramel River.",bib599,no +3198-location-2,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.65754271, 115.8991493]]}",,,bib1191,no 3198-location-3,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Shark bay coast between Gascoyne and Wooramel rivers, inland to Red Hill, West Pilbara.""}",,,bib69,no -3198-location-4,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.269536, 114.361324]]}",,[Spoken at the] coast at Shark Bay between Gascoyne and Wooramel Rivers; inland to Red Hill.,bib7278,no -3198-speaker_number-1,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3198-speakers-1,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3198-speakers-2,3198,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"The language was spoken in at least two dialect forms, northern and southern, which differ considerably in vocabulary ... There are a few semi-speakers in Carnarvon.",bib596,no -3198-speakers-3,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Probably no speakers now.,bib1182,no +3198-location-4,3198,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.269536, 114.361324]]}",,[Spoken at the] coast at Shark Bay between Gascoyne and Wooramel Rivers; inland to Red Hill.,bib7302,no +3198-speaker_number-1,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3198-speakers-1,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3198-speakers-2,3198,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"The language was spoken in at least two dialect forms, northern and southern, which differ considerably in vocabulary ... There are a few semi-speakers in Carnarvon.",bib599,no +3198-speakers-3,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Probably no speakers now.,bib1191,no 3198-speaker_number-4,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 3198-speakers-4,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 3198-speaker_number-5,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3198-speakers-5,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3198-speaker_number-6,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,5 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ruhlen (1987) reported no remaining speakers.,bib69,no 3198-speakers-6,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981, 1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,5 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ruhlen (1987) reported no remaining speakers.,bib69,no -3198-speaker_number-7,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Less than ten speakers according to O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966).",bib7278,no -3198-speakers-7,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Less than ten speakers according to O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966).",bib7278,no -3198-LEI-1,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3198-vitality-1,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3198-LEI-2,3198,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -3198-vitality-2,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +3198-speaker_number-7,3198,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Less than ten speakers according to O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966).",bib7302,no +3198-speakers-7,3198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Less than ten speakers according to O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966).",bib7302,no +3198-LEI-1,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3198-vitality-1,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3198-LEI-2,3198,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +3198-vitality-2,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 3198-LEI-3,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 3198-vitality-3,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 3198-LEI-4,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3198-vitality-4,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3198-LEI-5,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3198-vitality-5,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3198-LEI-6,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,no -3198-vitality-6,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,no +3198-LEI-6,3198,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,no +3198-vitality-6,3198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,no 3201-location-1,3201,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.8, 35.11]]}",,,bib75,no 3201-location-2,3201,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Israel""]}",,,bib67,no 3201-speaker_number-1,3201,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no @@ -34207,103 +34393,103 @@ and south to the Wooramel River.",bib596,no 3201-speakers-3,3201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,35 in Israel.,bib67,no 3201-LEI-1,3201,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3201-vitality-1,3201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3201-LEI-2,3201,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4362,yes -3201-vitality-2,3201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4362,yes +3201-LEI-2,3201,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4383,yes +3201-vitality-2,3201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4383,yes 3201-LEI-3,3201,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3201-vitality-3,3201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3202-location-1,3202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0, -67.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3202-location-2,3202,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Mato Grosso State; Amazonas State, scattered over the Purus River from Rio Branco to Manaus.""}",,"Northwest Mato Grosso State; Amazonas State, scattered over the Purus River from Rio Branco to Manaus.",bib67,no -3202-location-3,3202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.4847, -63.8964]]}",,,bib5307,no -3202-location-4,3202,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -3202-speaker_number-1,3202,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it. The number of speakers is unlikely to exceed 400 out of a population of nearly 3,000."" (p. 117)",bib2548,yes -3202-speakers-1,3202,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it. The number of speakers is unlikely to exceed 400 out of a population of nearly 3,000."" (p. 117)",bib2548,yes +3202-location-3,3202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.4847, -63.8964]]}",,,bib5330,no +3202-location-4,3202,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +3202-speaker_number-1,3202,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it. The number of speakers is unlikely to exceed 400 out of a population of nearly 3,000."" (p. 117)",bib2561,yes +3202-speakers-1,3202,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it. The number of speakers is unlikely to exceed 400 out of a population of nearly 3,000."" (p. 117)",bib2561,yes 3202-speaker_number-2,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speakers: Moore (2006); ethnic population: FUNASA (2003, 2010). 2,780 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 6,990 (2010 FUNASA) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 3202-speakers-2,3202,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,087 (FUNASA 2003), 6,990 (FUNASA 2010)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Speakers: Moore (2006); ethnic population: FUNASA (2003, 2010)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speakers: Moore (2006); ethnic population: FUNASA (2003, 2010). 2,780 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 6,990 (2010 FUNASA) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -3202-speaker_number-3,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3202-speakers-3,3202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3202-speaker_number-3,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3202-speakers-3,3202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3202-speaker_number-4,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3202-speakers-4,3202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3202-speaker_number-5,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -3202-speakers-5,3202,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3256"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no -3202-LEI-1,3202,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2548,yes -3202-transmission-1,3202,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2548,yes -3202-vitality-1,3202,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2548,yes +3202-speaker_number-5,3202,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +3202-speakers-5,3202,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3256"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no +3202-LEI-1,3202,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2561,yes +3202-transmission-1,3202,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2561,yes +3202-vitality-1,3202,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""In most villages, the language is not being taught to children, and only adults -- in some villages, only elders -- still have fluent command of it."" (p. 117)",bib2561,yes 3202-LEI-2,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3202-vitality-2,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3202-LEI-3,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3202-vitality-3,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3202-LEI-3,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3202-vitality-3,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3202-LEI-4,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3202-vitality-4,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3202-LEI-5,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3202-vitality-5,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3203-context-1,3203,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes -3203-location-1,3203,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[56.632, 47.8784]]}",,,bib5307,no -3203-location-2,3203,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in central and eastern parts of the\nRepublic of Mariy-El and parts of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, the Udmurt Republic,\nand Yekaterinburg, Perm\u2019 and Orenburg provinces, in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3202-LEI-5,3202,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3202-vitality-5,3202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3203-context-1,3203,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes +3203-location-1,3203,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[56.632, 47.8784]]}",,,bib5330,no +3203-location-2,3203,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in central and eastern parts of the\nRepublic of Mariy-El and parts of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, the Udmurt Republic,\nand Yekaterinburg, Perm\u2019 and Orenburg provinces, in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3203-location-3,3203,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.0, 48.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3203-location-4,3203,location,"{""Places"": [""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3203-speaker_number-1,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3203-speakers-1,3203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""414,211"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3203-speaker_number-2,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3203-speakers-2,3203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3203-speaker_number-1,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3203-speakers-1,3203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""414,211"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3203-speaker_number-2,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3203-speakers-2,3203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3203-speaker_number-3,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3203-speakers-3,3203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""534,569"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3203-speaker_number-4,3203,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 451,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no 3203-speakers-4,3203,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""604,298"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""460,090"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 451,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no -3203-LEI-1,3203,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3203-vitality-1,3203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3203-LEI-2,3203,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3203-transmission-2,3203,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -3203-vitality-2,3203,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3203-LEI-1,3203,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3203-vitality-1,3203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3203-LEI-2,3203,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3203-transmission-2,3203,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +3203-vitality-2,3203,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3203-LEI-3,3203,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3203-vitality-3,3203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3203-LEI-4,3203,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3203-vitality-4,3203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3206-location-1,3206,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Emilia-Romagna, parts of the provinces of Pavia, Voghera, and Mantua in southern Lombardy, the Lunigiana district in northwestern Tuscany, the Pesaro-Urbino province in the region of Marche and the Republic of San Marino"", ""Coordinates"": [[44.127, 12.0739]]}",,,bib5307,no -3206-location-2,3206,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in the region of Emilia-Romagna, parts of the provinces of Pavia, Voghera, and Mantua in southern Lombardy, the Lunigiana district in northwestern Tuscany, the Republic of San Marino, and the Pesaro-Urbino\nprovince in the region of Marche.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3206-location-1,3206,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Emilia-Romagna, parts of the provinces of Pavia, Voghera, and Mantua in southern Lombardy, the Lunigiana district in northwestern Tuscany, the Pesaro-Urbino province in the region of Marche and the Republic of San Marino"", ""Coordinates"": [[44.127, 12.0739]]}",,,bib5330,no +3206-location-2,3206,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in the region of Emilia-Romagna, parts of the provinces of Pavia, Voghera, and Mantua in southern Lombardy, the Lunigiana district in northwestern Tuscany, the Republic of San Marino, and the Pesaro-Urbino\nprovince in the region of Marche.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3206-location-3,3206,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.23, 11.72]]}",,,bib75,no 3206-speaker_number-1,3206,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib68,no 3206-speakers-1,3206,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers in Italy"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib68,no -3206-speaker_number-2,3206,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3206-speakers-2,3206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3206-speaker_number-3,3206,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3206-speakers-3,3206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000-2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3206-speaker_number-2,3206,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3206-speakers-2,3206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3206-speaker_number-3,3206,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3206-speakers-3,3206,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000-2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3206-LEI-1,3206,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Romagnol less and less publicly used. Used in public bars among people who know each other, to tell daily events and jokes. Used also among people who do not know each other to win somebody over.",bib68,no 3206-vitality-1,3206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Romagnol less and less publicly used. Used in public bars among people who know each other, to tell daily events and jokes. Used also among people who do not know each other to win somebody over.",bib68,no -3206-LEI-2,3206,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3206-vitality-2,3206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3206-LEI-3,3206,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3206-transmission-3,3206,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,yes -3206-speaker_number_trends-3,3206,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6474,yes -3206-vitality-3,3206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes -3207-context-1,3207,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"As a minority in a republic in close proximity to the nation's capital, the Erzya have continually been faced with assimilative pressure... In the 1990s and beginning of the new millennium, first-language instruction for subjects other than the native language became an issue. What started out in village primary schools brought about a new trend in publication practices, and now use of other new media is spreading, i.e. the scattered population of Erzya speakers actively utilize services offered by mobile phones and the Internet in Erzya. The publication of readers in environmental studies and mathematics has been announced for the lower grades, as well as a complete curriculum for Erzya language in the primary and secondary schools.",bib6409,no -3207-location-1,3207,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the western parts of the Republic of Mordovia in the Russian Federation, and in the adjacent parts of Ryazan\u2019 and Penza provinces; also in pockets in Tatarstan and Orenburg Province""}",,,bib6474,yes +3206-LEI-2,3206,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3206-vitality-2,3206,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3206-LEI-3,3206,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3206-transmission-3,3206,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,yes +3206-speaker_number_trends-3,3206,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6498,yes +3206-vitality-3,3206,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes +3207-context-1,3207,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"As a minority in a republic in close proximity to the nation's capital, the Erzya have continually been faced with assimilative pressure... In the 1990s and beginning of the new millennium, first-language instruction for subjects other than the native language became an issue. What started out in village primary schools brought about a new trend in publication practices, and now use of other new media is spreading, i.e. the scattered population of Erzya speakers actively utilize services offered by mobile phones and the Internet in Erzya. The publication of readers in environmental studies and mathematics has been announced for the lower grades, as well as a complete curriculum for Erzya language in the primary and secondary schools.",bib6433,no +3207-location-1,3207,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly in the western parts of the Republic of Mordovia in the Russian Federation, and in the adjacent parts of Ryazan\u2019 and Penza provinces; also in pockets in Tatarstan and Orenburg Province""}",,,bib6498,yes 3207-location-2,3207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.0, 45.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3207-location-3,3207,location,"{""Places"": [""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Ukraine"", ""Azerbaijan"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3207-location-4,3207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.1302, 45.4394]]}",,,bib5307,no -3207-speaker_number-1,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3207-speakers-1,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3207-location-4,3207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.1302, 45.4394]]}",,,bib5330,no +3207-speaker_number-1,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3207-speakers-1,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3207-speaker_number-2,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"614,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 696,630",bib67,no 3207-speakers-2,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""696,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"614,000 in Russian Federation (2002 census). Population total all countries: 696,630",bib67,no -3207-speaker_number-3,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3207-speakers-3,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3207-speaker_number-4,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Statistically, there has been a marked fall in the Erzya population. Based on data from the latest All-Russian census (2002) the “Mordvin” population is recorded as 0.84 million. If we adhere to the commonly held belief that the Erzya comprise two-thirds of that total, or a generous half a million people, we will arrive at the equivalent of a native-speakers’ figure... A slightly higher figure is provided by the Ethnologue report online with a world-wide Erzya population of 696,630.",bib6409,no -3207-speakers-4,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Statistically, there has been a marked fall in the Erzya population. Based on data from the latest All-Russian census (2002) the “Mordvin” population is recorded as 0.84 million. If we adhere to the commonly held belief that the Erzya comprise two-thirds of that total, or a generous half a million people, we will arrive at the equivalent of a native-speakers’ figure... A slightly higher figure is provided by the Ethnologue report online with a world-wide Erzya population of 696,630.",bib6409,no +3207-speaker_number-3,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3207-speakers-3,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3207-speaker_number-4,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Statistically, there has been a marked fall in the Erzya population. Based on data from the latest All-Russian census (2002) the “Mordvin” population is recorded as 0.84 million. If we adhere to the commonly held belief that the Erzya comprise two-thirds of that total, or a generous half a million people, we will arrive at the equivalent of a native-speakers’ figure... A slightly higher figure is provided by the Ethnologue report online with a world-wide Erzya population of 696,630.",bib6433,no +3207-speakers-4,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Statistically, there has been a marked fall in the Erzya population. Based on data from the latest All-Russian census (2002) the “Mordvin” population is recorded as 0.84 million. If we adhere to the commonly held belief that the Erzya comprise two-thirds of that total, or a generous half a million people, we will arrive at the equivalent of a native-speakers’ figure... A slightly higher figure is provided by the Ethnologue report online with a world-wide Erzya population of 696,630.",bib6433,no 3207-speaker_number-5,3207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3207-speakers-5,3207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""517,575"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3207-LEI-1,3207,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6474,yes -3207-transmission-1,3207,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6474,yes -3207-domains_of_use-1,3207,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6474,yes -3207-vitality-1,3207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6474,yes +3207-LEI-1,3207,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6498,yes +3207-transmission-1,3207,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6498,yes +3207-domains_of_use-1,3207,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6498,yes +3207-vitality-1,3207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but the typical pattern is that they only use it with elderly relatives.",bib6498,yes 3207-LEI-2,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Check if endangered?,bib67,no 3207-vitality-2,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Check if endangered?,bib67,no -3207-LEI-3,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3207-vitality-3,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3207-LEI-4,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6409,no -3207-vitality-4,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6409,no +3207-LEI-3,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3207-vitality-3,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3207-LEI-4,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6433,no +3207-vitality-4,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6433,no 3207-LEI-5,3207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3207-vitality-5,3207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3208-context-1,3208,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nhengatu, Portuguese"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Rural schools""}",,"More parents are putting their children in schools. In rural areas, teacher use L1 most of the time; in urban areas, Portuguese [por] is used",bib68,no @@ -34315,23 +34501,23 @@ and south to the Wooramel River.",bib596,no [Baniwa and Kuripako, according to Ramirez (2001), form an indigenous ethno-cultural complex of Arawakan language composed of various clans, who live on the border of Brazil with Colombia and Venezuela, in communities that are situated on the banks of (1) Içana River and its tributaries, the Cuiari, Aiari, and Cubate, and (2) in communities along the Rio Negro, reaching the towns of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Santa Isabel and Barcelos in Amazonas state. In Brazil, these people live in an area commonly known as the Dog Head, totaling an estimated 4,000 persons, while approximately 8000 individuals live in Colombia and Venezuela number. On the Brazilian side, the current location of these Arawakan peoples is in the region of the Içana River basin ... The Baniwa of Içana live more remotely from Colombia than the Kuripako. They, in turn, live in villages that are located in areas of the Colombian Amazon, and inside Venezuelan territory on the border with Colombia. The Kuripako described in Granadillo (2006), live in Venezuela near the region of Puerto Ayacucho, Victorino and the Venezuelan Rio Negro ... - In Brazil, the Kuripako live in the Brazilian extreme northwest, in the border areas with Colombia,]",bib6969,no + In Brazil, the Kuripako live in the Brazilian extreme northwest, in the border areas with Colombia,]",bib6993,no 3208-location-2,3208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.66666666667, -66.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3208-location-3,3208,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,,bib70,no -3208-location-4,3208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2743, -68.291]]}",,,bib5307,no +3208-location-4,3208,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2743, -68.291]]}",,,bib5330,no 3208-location-5,3208,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib68,no 3208-speaker_number-1,3208,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Dados os fatos evidenciados ... acreditamos que se trate da mesma língua o Baniwa do Içana e o Kuripako ... Obviamente há algumas diferenças, ainda que poucas, e ocorrências distintas de alguns fones. Por isso, acreditamos que, pelo menos, do ponto de vista fonológico seja a mesma língua. As evidências de que tanto Baniwa do Içana quanto Kuripako sejam dialetos da mesma língua são muito grandes, pois funcionam de maneira extremamente semelhante ... As diferenças são definitivamente, bem menores que as semelhanças. (p.193.) -[Given the evident facts ... we believe that it is the same language that is involved, Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako ... Obviously there are some differences, though few, and distinct occurrences of some phones. Therefore, we believe that at least from the phonological point of view it is the same language. The evidence that both Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako are dialects of the same language is very large, because the function so extremely similarly ... The differences are definitely much smaller than the similarities. (.193.)]",bib6969,no +[Given the evident facts ... we believe that it is the same language that is involved, Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako ... Obviously there are some differences, though few, and distinct occurrences of some phones. Therefore, we believe that at least from the phonological point of view it is the same language. The evidence that both Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako are dialects of the same language is very large, because the function so extremely similarly ... The differences are definitely much smaller than the similarities. (.193.)]",bib6993,no 3208-speakers-1,3208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Dados os fatos evidenciados ... acreditamos que se trate da mesma língua o Baniwa do Içana e o Kuripako ... Obviamente há algumas diferenças, ainda que poucas, e ocorrências distintas de alguns fones. Por isso, acreditamos que, pelo menos, do ponto de vista fonológico seja a mesma língua. As evidências de que tanto Baniwa do Içana quanto Kuripako sejam dialetos da mesma língua são muito grandes, pois funcionam de maneira extremamente semelhante ... As diferenças são definitivamente, bem menores que as semelhanças. (p.193.) -[Given the evident facts ... we believe that it is the same language that is involved, Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako ... Obviously there are some differences, though few, and distinct occurrences of some phones. Therefore, we believe that at least from the phonological point of view it is the same language. The evidence that both Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako are dialects of the same language is very large, because the function so extremely similarly ... The differences are definitely much smaller than the similarities. (.193.)]",bib6969,no +[Given the evident facts ... we believe that it is the same language that is involved, Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako ... Obviously there are some differences, though few, and distinct occurrences of some phones. Therefore, we believe that at least from the phonological point of view it is the same language. The evidence that both Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako are dialects of the same language is very large, because the function so extremely similarly ... The differences are definitely much smaller than the similarities. (.193.)]",bib6993,no 3208-speaker_number-2,3208,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"610 in Venezuela, decreasing. Ethnic population: 2410 (2001 census).",bib70,no 3208-speakers-2,3208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610? in Venezuela"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (speakers); 2001 census (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"610 in Venezuela, decreasing. Ethnic population: 2410 (2001 census).",bib70,no -3208-speaker_number-3,3208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3208-speakers-3,3208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,811"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3208-speaker_number-3,3208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3208-speakers-3,3208,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,811"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3208-speaker_number-4,3208,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Carutana dialect is extinct. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 3208-speakers-4,3208,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Carutana dialect is extinct. @@ -34342,177 +34528,177 @@ and south to the Wooramel River.",bib596,no Brazil: Baniwa do Içana: 5,811 speakers (2005), 5,811 ethnic population. Colombia: Curripaco (Baniva del Isana, Curripaco-Baniva, Kurripako): 7,000? speakers, ethnic population of 7,827 (2001). Venezuela: (Kurripako (Curripaco, Wakuénai, Baniva-Kurripako, Baniwa del Isana): 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 (2001). -Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1902,yes +Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1914,yes 3208-speakers-6,3208,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,736"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">9,554?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Crevels (2012) joins Kurripako and Baniwa into a single language. Brazil: Baniwa do Içana: 5,811 speakers (2005), 5,811 ethnic population. Colombia: Curripaco (Baniva del Isana, Curripaco-Baniva, Kurripako): 7,000? speakers, ethnic population of 7,827 (2001). Venezuela: (Kurripako (Curripaco, Wakuénai, Baniva-Kurripako, Baniwa del Isana): 3,743 speakers out of an ethnic population of 4,925 (2001). -Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1902,yes -3208-LEI-1,3208,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6969,no -3208-vitality-1,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6969,no +Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1914,yes +3208-LEI-1,3208,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6993,no +3208-vitality-1,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6993,no 3208-LEI-2,3208,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3208-vitality-2,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3208-LEI-3,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3208-vitality-3,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3208-LEI-3,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3208-vitality-3,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3208-LEI-4,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3208-vitality-4,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 3208-LEI-5,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3208-vitality-5,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3208-LEI-6,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3208-vitality-6,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3208-LEI-6,3208,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3208-vitality-6,3208,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3210-location-1,3210,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -3210-location-2,3210,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Upper Lutkoh Valley (Western Chitral)""}",,,bib6094,no -3210-location-3,3210,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Lutkuh valley""}",,,bib7525,yes -3210-location-4,3210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0024, 71.6006]]}",,,bib5307,no +3210-location-2,3210,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Upper Lutkoh Valley (Western Chitral)""}",,,bib6118,no +3210-location-3,3210,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Lutkuh valley""}",,,bib7550,yes +3210-location-4,3210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0024, 71.6006]]}",,,bib5330,no 3210-location-5,3210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.016122, 71.509711]]}",,,bib75,no 3210-speaker_number-1,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3210-speakers-1,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3210-speaker_number-2,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -3210-speakers-2,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -3210-speaker_number-3,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,yes -3210-speakers-3,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,yes -3210-speaker_number-4,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3210-speakers-4,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3210-speaker_number-2,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +3210-speakers-2,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +3210-speaker_number-3,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,yes +3210-speakers-3,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,yes +3210-speaker_number-4,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3210-speakers-4,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3210-speaker_number-5,3210,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3210-speakers-5,3210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,145"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3210-LEI-1,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3210-vitality-1,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3210-LEI-2,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -3210-vitality-2,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -3210-LEI-3,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -3210-vitality-3,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -3210-LEI-4,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3210-vitality-4,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3210-LEI-2,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +3210-vitality-2,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +3210-LEI-3,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +3210-vitality-3,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +3210-LEI-4,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3210-vitality-4,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3210-LEI-5,3210,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3210-vitality-5,3210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3211-location-1,3211,location,"{""Description"": ""Yiddish is currently spoken in a few places in Belarus and the Ukraine, as well as by a small number of individuals in Alsace, the Netherlands and Switzerland, and in Jewish Autonomous Province (capital Birobijan) in eastern Siberia in the Russian Federation. Most speakers now live in North America and Israel. More than 1,000,000 people in North America and approximately 200,000 in Israel have knowledge of Yiddish.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3211-location-1,3211,location,"{""Description"": ""Yiddish is currently spoken in a few places in Belarus and the Ukraine, as well as by a small number of individuals in Alsace, the Netherlands and Switzerland, and in Jewish Autonomous Province (capital Birobijan) in eastern Siberia in the Russian Federation. Most speakers now live in North America and Israel. More than 1,000,000 people in North America and approximately 200,000 in Israel have knowledge of Yiddish.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3211-location-2,3211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.0, 25.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3211-location-3,3211,location,"{""Places"": [""Uruguay"", ""Belgium"", ""Belarus"", ""Moldova"", ""Ukraine"", ""USA"", ""South Africa"", ""Australia"", ""Estonia"", ""Israel"", ""Poland"", ""Costa Rica"", ""Canada"", ""Lithuania"", ""Romania"", ""Hungary"", ""Panama"", ""Puerto Rico"", ""Russia"", ""Argentina"", ""Latvia"", ""Germany"", ""Austria"", ""Denmark"", ""Finland"", ""France"", ""Italy"", ""Luxembourg"", ""Norway"", ""Netherlands"", ""United Kingdom"", ""Slovakia"", ""Sweden"", ""Switzerland"", ""Czech Republic""]}",,,bib67,no -3211-location-4,3211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.3571, 25.2465]]}",,,bib5307,no +3211-location-4,3211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.3571, 25.2465]]}",,,bib5330,no 3211-location-5,3211,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.75, 19.42]]}",,,bib75,no -3211-speaker_number-1,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3211-speakers-1,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3211-speaker_number-1,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3211-speakers-1,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3211-speaker_number-2,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"215,000 in Israel (1986).",bib67,no 3211-speakers-2,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,762,320"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"215,000 in Israel (1986).",bib67,no -3211-speaker_number-3,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3211-speakers-3,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3211-speaker_number-3,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3211-speakers-3,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3211-speaker_number-4,3211,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3211-speakers-4,3211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,142,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3211-LEI-1,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are several communities where children still learn the language, but the general trend is alarming. Yiddish is definitely endangered in Europe, and increasingly endangered worldwide.",bib6474,yes -3211-vitality-1,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There are several communities where children still learn the language, but the general trend is alarming. Yiddish is definitely endangered in Europe, and increasingly endangered worldwide.",bib6474,yes +3211-LEI-1,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are several communities where children still learn the language, but the general trend is alarming. Yiddish is definitely endangered in Europe, and increasingly endangered worldwide.",bib6498,yes +3211-vitality-1,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There are several communities where children still learn the language, but the general trend is alarming. Yiddish is definitely endangered in Europe, and increasingly endangered worldwide.",bib6498,yes 3211-LEI-2,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3211-vitality-2,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3211-LEI-3,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3211-vitality-3,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3211-LEI-3,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3211-vitality-3,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3211-LEI-4,3211,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3211-vitality-4,3211,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3212-context-1,3212,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saniyo-Hiyewe [sny]""}",,,bib69,no -3212-location-1,3212,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.45322, 142.0981]]}",,,bib7945,no -3212-location-2,3212,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Siabio, Waswori, and \""Unknown villages\""""}",,,bib4545,no -3212-location-3,3212,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lariaso on the Hewe River and Harepi on the Miwe River, both of which are tributaries of the Wogamus. Some of the Yabio people formerly lived at Woswori, which is now deserted.""}",,,bib1794,yes +3212-location-1,3212,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.45322, 142.0981]]}",,,bib7970,no +3212-location-2,3212,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Siabio, Waswori, and \""Unknown villages\""""}",,,bib4566,no +3212-location-3,3212,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Lariaso on the Hewe River and Harepi on the Miwe River, both of which are tributaries of the Wogamus. Some of the Yabio people formerly lived at Woswori, which is now deserted.""}",,,bib1806,yes 3212-location-4,3212,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Telefomin district, east of Duranmin, 3 villages; East Sepik Province, Ambunti-Dreikikir district; language area situated astride upstream portion of Wano river.""}",,,bib69,no -3212-speaker_number-1,3212,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -3212-speakers-1,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no -3212-speaker_number-2,3212,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Townsends 1969),bib4545,no -3212-speakers-2,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Townsends 1969),bib4545,no -3212-speaker_number-3,3212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,between 60 and 100 people,bib1794,yes -3212-speakers-3,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,between 60 and 100 people,bib1794,yes +3212-speaker_number-1,3212,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +3212-speakers-1,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no +3212-speaker_number-2,3212,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Townsends 1969),bib4566,no +3212-speakers-2,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Townsends 1969),bib4566,no +3212-speaker_number-3,3212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,between 60 and 100 people,bib1806,yes +3212-speakers-3,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,between 60 and 100 people,bib1806,yes 3212-speaker_number-4,3212,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3212-speakers-4,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3212-speaker_number-5,3212,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib69,no 3212-speakers-5,3212,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib69,no -3212-LEI-1,3212,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,no -3212-vitality-1,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,no -3212-LEI-2,3212,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3212-vitality-2,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3212-LEI-3,3212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -3212-vitality-3,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes +3212-LEI-1,3212,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,no +3212-vitality-1,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,no +3212-LEI-2,3212,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3212-vitality-2,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3212-LEI-3,3212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +3212-vitality-3,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes 3212-LEI-4,3212,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3212-vitality-4,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3212-LEI-5,3212,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3212-vitality-5,3212,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 3214-location-1,3214,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Grouped with the Middle Rio Negro languages along the Rio Negro in northern Brazil."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.106, -60.026]]}",,,bib340,no -3214-location-3,3214,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +3214-location-3,3214,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3214-speakers-1,3214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib340,no 3214-speakers-2,3214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""572 (2010 FUNASA)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"A completa extinção da língua nativa dos Kaixana se deu ao longo do século XIX, sendo falada, no início do século XX, somente a língua geral. Mais recentemente, passaram a utilizar o português, acabando por abandonar aquela. [The complete extinction of the native language of the Kaixana occurred throughout the 19th century, with only Língua Geral being spoken at the beginning of the 20th century. More recently, started using Portuguese, eventually abandoning their language.]",bib169,yes -3214-speaker_number-3,3214,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -3214-speakers-3,3214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +3214-speaker_number-3,3214,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +3214-speakers-3,3214,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""505"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 3214-LEI-1,3214,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib340,no 3214-vitality-1,3214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib340,no 3214-LEI-2,3214,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib169,yes 3214-vitality-2,3214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib169,yes -3214-LEI-3,3214,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3214-vitality-3,3214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3216-context-1,3216,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"A mixed use of Nepali and Yamphu takes place on a daily basis. Yamphu is predominantly used in family gatherings and puja/prayer whereas singing, counting, and shopping are mostly in Nepali.",bib3540,yes -3216-location-1,3216,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Hedangna of Pathibhara VDC; Num, Makalu, and Matsyapokhari VDCs of \nSankhuwasabha district and Bhedetar and Rajarani VDCs of Dhankuta district.""}",,,bib3540,yes +3214-LEI-3,3214,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3214-vitality-3,3214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3216-context-1,3216,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"A mixed use of Nepali and Yamphu takes place on a daily basis. Yamphu is predominantly used in family gatherings and puja/prayer whereas singing, counting, and shopping are mostly in Nepali.",bib3558,yes +3216-location-1,3216,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Hedangna of Pathibhara VDC; Num, Makalu, and Matsyapokhari VDCs of \nSankhuwasabha district and Bhedetar and Rajarani VDCs of Dhankuta district.""}",,,bib3558,yes 3216-location-2,3216,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5833333333, 87.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3216-location-3,3216,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no 3216-speaker_number-1,3216,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3216-speakers-1,3216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,722"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3216-speaker_number-2,3216,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3540,yes -3216-speakers-2,3216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,722"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3540,yes +3216-speaker_number-2,3216,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3558,yes +3216-speakers-2,3216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,722"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3558,yes 3216-speaker_number-3,3216,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data: 2001 census, decreasing. 20 Tomyang villages in Ibadeviar of Num Village Development Committee (VDC)",bib67,no 3216-speakers-3,3216,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,720"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data: 2001 census, decreasing. 20 Tomyang villages in Ibadeviar of Num Village Development Committee (VDC)",bib67,no 3216-LEI-1,3216,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3216-vitality-1,3216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3216-LEI-2,3216,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3540,yes -3216-transmission-2,3216,transmission,1,transmission-1,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3540,yes -3216-domains_of_use-2,3216,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3540,yes -3216-speaker_number_trends-2,3216,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3540,yes -3216-vitality-2,3216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3540,yes +3216-LEI-2,3216,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3558,yes +3216-transmission-2,3216,transmission,1,transmission-1,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3558,yes +3216-domains_of_use-2,3216,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3558,yes +3216-speaker_number_trends-2,3216,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3558,yes +3216-vitality-2,3216,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Language shift to Nepali already took place in Khoktak where Nepali already became the major language the Yamphu people use and Yamphu is no longer passed down to children.,bib3558,yes 3216-LEI-4,3216,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3216-vitality-4,3216,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3217-context-1,3217,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Travel outside Yaghnobi-speaking areas, school, government, radio, TV""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"We found a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity in most villages in the Yaghnob Valley... Attitudes to literature in the vernacular are overwhelmingly positive... Proficiency in Tajik among Yaghnobi is generally very high, especially for men... Tajik is the sole medium of communication [in schools].",bib7327,yes -3217-context-2,3217,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Non-Yaghobi speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Government Support"": ""Decreasing"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Few""}",,"The government is not providing funding for printing Yaghnobi text books or hiring Yaghnobi teachers. As a result, Yaghnobi classes were no longer being taught as of the school year of 2006... Yaghnobi communities are maintaining a strong positive sense of self identity, contact with the majority (Tajik) community remains fairly low, and very few people are fully fluent in Tajik. Most importantly, Tajik is only being used in domains where it is required for communication with non-Yaghnobi speakers. ",bib934,no -3217-context-3,3217,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Tajik Academy of Science""}",,The Tajik Academy of Science was asked to support the preservation of the Yaghnobi language.,bib923,no -3217-location-1,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Five major locations in Tajikistan. The first two locations are the Yaghnob River Valley and Zafarabad... The third location is the Upper Varzob. There are four Yaghnobi communities in the upper Varzob, three in the Tagob Valley area and one just south of the Anzob Pass... The communities of the Lower Varzob, including the Hisor Valley, the fourth location where Yaghnobi speakers are living, are not homogenously Yaghnobi. Most of these communities are linguistically diverse, with Yaghnobi speakers forming a minority... There are also four or five communities, including the village of Isanboi, in the fifth location in southern Tajikistan... Finally, a number of Yaghnobi live in Dushanbe and the nearby village of Dughoba."", ""Coordinates"": [[39.159349, 68.822765], [40.162083, 68.879929], [38.772287, 68.820362]]}",,,bib7327,yes +3217-context-1,3217,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Travel outside Yaghnobi-speaking areas, school, government, radio, TV""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"We found a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity in most villages in the Yaghnob Valley... Attitudes to literature in the vernacular are overwhelmingly positive... Proficiency in Tajik among Yaghnobi is generally very high, especially for men... Tajik is the sole medium of communication [in schools].",bib7351,yes +3217-context-2,3217,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Non-Yaghobi speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik"", ""Government Support"": ""Decreasing"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Few""}",,"The government is not providing funding for printing Yaghnobi text books or hiring Yaghnobi teachers. As a result, Yaghnobi classes were no longer being taught as of the school year of 2006... Yaghnobi communities are maintaining a strong positive sense of self identity, contact with the majority (Tajik) community remains fairly low, and very few people are fully fluent in Tajik. Most importantly, Tajik is only being used in domains where it is required for communication with non-Yaghnobi speakers. ",bib938,no +3217-context-3,3217,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Tajik Academy of Science""}",,The Tajik Academy of Science was asked to support the preservation of the Yaghnobi language.,bib927,no +3217-location-1,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Five major locations in Tajikistan. The first two locations are the Yaghnob River Valley and Zafarabad... The third location is the Upper Varzob. There are four Yaghnobi communities in the upper Varzob, three in the Tagob Valley area and one just south of the Anzob Pass... The communities of the Lower Varzob, including the Hisor Valley, the fourth location where Yaghnobi speakers are living, are not homogenously Yaghnobi. Most of these communities are linguistically diverse, with Yaghnobi speakers forming a minority... There are also four or five communities, including the village of Isanboi, in the fifth location in southern Tajikistan... Finally, a number of Yaghnobi live in Dushanbe and the nearby village of Dughoba."", ""Coordinates"": [[39.159349, 68.822765], [40.162083, 68.879929], [38.772287, 68.820362]]}",,,bib7351,yes 3217-location-2,3217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.0, 69.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3217-location-3,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""]}",,,bib67,no -3217-location-4,3217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.5632, 68.4475]]}",,,bib5307,no -3217-location-5,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Yaghnobi [have] inhabited the high mountain valley of Yaghnob in west-central Tajikistan for centuries... In the 17th century a significant number of Yaghnobis migrated to the Varzob valley, [and] a sizable Yaghnobi population remains there in half a dozen villages today... About 6,500 Yaghnobis remain in Zafarabod, the largest Yaghnobi population center.""}",,,bib934,no -3217-location-6,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""When the language was discovered in the 19th century, it was spoken in the central part of the remote high valley of the Yaghnob river. This valley is situated in Tajikistan, about 100 km north of Dushanbe... There were about 2,500 speakers in the 1960s; 1,500 of these native speakers were living in 22 settlements within the Yaghnob valley, and roughly 900 resided outside of the valley... In 1970, however, the Soviet authorities forced the whole population of about 3,000 people to leave the Yaghnob valley. Five hundred families migrated to Zafarobod in northern Tajikistan, 200 families to the area surrounding Dushanbe. Only about 300 people were living in the Yaghnob valley in 1990, when the Dushanbe-based Council of Ministers passed the decision to re-establish all villages whose populations had been resettled.""}",,,bib923,no +3217-location-4,3217,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.5632, 68.4475]]}",,,bib5330,no +3217-location-5,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Yaghnobi [have] inhabited the high mountain valley of Yaghnob in west-central Tajikistan for centuries... In the 17th century a significant number of Yaghnobis migrated to the Varzob valley, [and] a sizable Yaghnobi population remains there in half a dozen villages today... About 6,500 Yaghnobis remain in Zafarabod, the largest Yaghnobi population center.""}",,,bib938,no +3217-location-6,3217,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""When the language was discovered in the 19th century, it was spoken in the central part of the remote high valley of the Yaghnob river. This valley is situated in Tajikistan, about 100 km north of Dushanbe... There were about 2,500 speakers in the 1960s; 1,500 of these native speakers were living in 22 settlements within the Yaghnob valley, and roughly 900 resided outside of the valley... In 1970, however, the Soviet authorities forced the whole population of about 3,000 people to leave the Yaghnob valley. Five hundred families migrated to Zafarobod in northern Tajikistan, 200 families to the area surrounding Dushanbe. Only about 300 people were living in the Yaghnob valley in 1990, when the Dushanbe-based Council of Ministers passed the decision to re-establish all villages whose populations had been resettled.""}",,,bib927,no 3217-location-7,3217,location,"{""Description"": ""They live in 22 villages on the banks of the River Yaghnob, in the middle of Tadzhikistan, and on the upper reaches of the River Zheravshan.""}",,,bib213,no -3217-speaker_number-1,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The current ethnolinguistic vitality of the Yaghnobi language seems strong.,bib7327,yes -3217-speakers-1,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The current ethnolinguistic vitality of the Yaghnobi language seems strong.,bib7327,yes +3217-speaker_number-1,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The current ethnolinguistic vitality of the Yaghnobi language seems strong.,bib7351,yes +3217-speakers-1,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The current ethnolinguistic vitality of the Yaghnobi language seems strong.,bib7351,yes 3217-speaker_number-2,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3217-speakers-2,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3217-speaker_number-3,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3217-speakers-3,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3217-speaker_number-3,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3217-speakers-3,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3217-speaker_number-4,3217,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3217-speakers-4,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3217-speaker_number-5,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib934,no -3217-speakers-5,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib934,no +3217-speaker_number-5,3217,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib938,no +3217-speakers-5,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib938,no 3217-speaker_number-6,3217,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to A. Khromov, in 1972 the situation was as follows: 1,509 native speakers in the Yaghnob valley and about 900 elsewhere.",bib213,no 3217-speakers-6,3217,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to A. Khromov, in 1972 the situation was as follows: 1,509 native speakers in the Yaghnob valley and about 900 elsewhere.",bib213,no -3217-LEI-1,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7327,yes -3217-transmission-1,3217,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7327,yes -3217-domains_of_use-1,3217,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7327,yes -3217-speaker_number_trends-1,3217,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7327,yes -3217-vitality-1,3217,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7327,yes +3217-LEI-1,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7351,yes +3217-transmission-1,3217,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7351,yes +3217-domains_of_use-1,3217,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7351,yes +3217-speaker_number_trends-1,3217,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7351,yes +3217-vitality-1,3217,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Amongst the families [in Dughoba] where at least some Yaghnobi is spoken (the Yaghnobi and Yaghnobi/Tajik- speaking families), it is almost exclusively the younger generation who are now speaking Tajik, and the middle-aged and older generations who continue to speak Yaghnobi. More specifically, in 66 percent of them (35 of 53) the younger generation are now speaking Tajik in the home where their parents or grandparents speak or spoke Yaghnobi... [however,] transmission is overwhelmingly by parents to children as the first language of both. Only in Dughoba are there numerous instances of Yaghnobi-speaking parents whose children consider Tajik their first language.",bib7351,yes 3217-LEI-2,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3217-vitality-2,3217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3217-LEI-3,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3217-vitality-3,3217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3217-LEI-3,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3217-vitality-3,3217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3217-LEI-4,3217,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3217-vitality-4,3217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3217-LEI-5,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib934,no -3217-transmission-5,3217,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib934,no -3217-domains_of_use-5,3217,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib934,no -3217-vitality-5,3217,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib934,no -3217-LEI-6,3217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib923,no -3217-domains_of_use-6,3217,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib923,no -3217-vitality-6,3217,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib923,no +3217-LEI-5,3217,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib938,no +3217-transmission-5,3217,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib938,no +3217-domains_of_use-5,3217,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib938,no +3217-vitality-5,3217,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The overwhelming majority of children are learning Yaghnobi as a first language... It was apparent that the form of language passed on from parents to their children contains more borrowed Tajik words and sometimes borrowed Tajik grammatical constructions... the language is in danger of losing more and more of its distinctiveness. If this trend continues, Yaghnobi will one day become mutually intelligible with Tajik.",bib938,no +3217-LEI-6,3217,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib927,no +3217-domains_of_use-6,3217,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib927,no +3217-vitality-6,3217,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"[Yaghnobi] is not a written language, but is used for daily family communication.",bib927,no 3217-LEI-7,3217,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3217-vitality-7,3217,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 3218-location-1,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso, Xingú Park.",bib67,no -3218-location-2,3218,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5423, -53.2403]]}",,,bib5307,no -3218-location-3,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, Tuatuari and Kurisevo rivers area, in the Jalapapuh Community""}",,,bib1903,no +3218-location-2,3218,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5423, -53.2403]]}",,,bib5330,no +3218-location-3,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, Tuatuari and Kurisevo rivers area, in the Jalapapuh Community""}",,,bib1915,no 3218-location-4,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Há duas aldeias mehináku: Utawana e Uyaipiyuku [Uyaipioko], ambas localizadas às margens do rio Kurisevo, município de Gaúcha do Norte. (p.197) -[There are two Mehináku villages: Utawana and Uyaipiyuku [Uyaipioko], both located on the banks of the Kurisevo River, municipality of North Gaucha.]",bib5285,yes -3218-location-5,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +[There are two Mehináku villages: Utawana and Uyaipiyuku [Uyaipioko], both located on the banks of the Kurisevo River, municipality of North Gaucha.]",bib5308,yes +3218-location-5,3218,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 3218-speaker_number-1,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2002). [mmh]: 230 (2006 FUNASA; all Mehinaku speak their mother tongue (Crevels 2007); combined Waura [wau] and Mehinaku speakers: 600 (2011); ethnic population: 230 (2006 FUNASA). Somewhat intelligible of Waurá [wau]. There is a dialect of Mehinaku called Waurá-kumá which is influenced by Waurá [wau] (2014). @@ -34521,96 +34707,96 @@ Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1902,yes [mmh]: 230 (2006 FUNASA; all Mehinaku speak their mother tongue (Crevels 2007); combined Waura [wau] and Mehinaku speakers: 600 (2011); ethnic population: 230 (2006 FUNASA). Somewhat intelligible of Waurá [wau]. There is a dialect of Mehinaku called Waurá-kumá which is influenced by Waurá [wau] (2014). [wau]: 320 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 320 (Moore 2006). Partially intelligible of Mehináku [mmh] (2014).",bib67,no -3218-speaker_number-2,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3218-speakers-2,3218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3218-speaker_number-3,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3218-speakers-3,3218,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""199"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""199"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3218-speaker_number-2,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3218-speakers-2,3218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3218-speaker_number-3,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3218-speakers-3,3218,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""199"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""199"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3218-speaker_number-4,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3218-speakers-4,3218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""121"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3218-speaker_number-5,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A população mehináku é de, aproximadamente, 227 pessoas (ISA, 2006), todos são falantes ativos da língua nativa. (p.197) -[The Mehináku population is approximately 227 persons (ISA, 2006), all are active speakers of the native language.]",bib5285,yes +[The Mehináku population is approximately 227 persons (ISA, 2006), all are active speakers of the native language.]",bib5308,yes 3218-speakers-5,3218,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""227"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A população mehináku é de, aproximadamente, 227 pessoas (ISA, 2006), todos são falantes ativos da língua nativa. (p.197) -[The Mehináku population is approximately 227 persons (ISA, 2006), all are active speakers of the native language.]",bib5285,yes +[The Mehináku population is approximately 227 persons (ISA, 2006), all are active speakers of the native language.]",bib5308,yes 3218-speaker_number-6,3218,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mehinako: 200 speakers, 227 ethnic populations (20006) -(Cf. Waurá: 321 speakers, 321 ethnic population (2008).)",bib1902,no +(Cf. Waurá: 321 speakers, 321 ethnic population (2008).)",bib1914,no 3218-speakers-6,3218,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""227"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mehinako: 200 speakers, 227 ethnic populations (20006) -(Cf. Waurá: 321 speakers, 321 ethnic population (2008).)",bib1902,no +(Cf. Waurá: 321 speakers, 321 ethnic population (2008).)",bib1914,no 3218-LEI-1,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3218-vitality-1,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3218-LEI-2,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3218-vitality-2,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3218-LEI-3,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3218-vitality-3,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3218-LEI-2,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3218-vitality-2,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3218-LEI-3,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3218-vitality-3,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3218-LEI-4,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3218-vitality-4,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3218-LEI-5,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5285,yes -3218-vitality-5,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5285,yes -3218-LEI-6,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3218-vitality-6,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3218-LEI-5,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes +3218-vitality-5,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5308,yes +3218-LEI-6,3218,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3218-vitality-6,3218,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3219-context-1,3219,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waiwai, Portuguese"", ""Government Support"": ""Support in Brazil nut industry"", ""Institutional Support"": ""School for ages 5-14""}",,,bib68,no 3219-location-1,3219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -59.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3219-location-2,3219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5493, -58.5131]]}",,,bib5307,no -3219-location-3,3219,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, from the Upper Nhamunda River to the Mapuera and Jatapu rivers, Municipality of Faro, Terra Ind\u0131gena Nhamunda-Mapuera, in the multi-ethnic village of Cassaua, close to the Wai Wai.""}",,,bib1903,no +3219-location-2,3219,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5493, -58.5131]]}",,,bib5330,no +3219-location-3,3219,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Amazonas State, from the Upper Nhamunda River to the Mapuera and Jatapu rivers, Municipality of Faro, Terra Ind\u0131gena Nhamunda-Mapuera, in the multi-ethnic village of Cassaua, close to the Wai Wai.""}",,,bib1915,no 3219-location-4,3219,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para and Amazonas states, upper Nhamunda river to Mapuera and Jatapu rivers.""}",,,bib68,no -3219-location-5,3219,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes -3219-speaker_number-1,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7935,no -3219-speakers-1,3219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7935,no -3219-speaker_number-2,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3219-speakers-2,3219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3219-speakers-3,3219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""804-1,116""}",,"Speaker number is unknown; population estimates range from 804 (1991) to 1,116 (1980.7",bib1903,no +3219-location-5,3219,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes +3219-speaker_number-1,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7960,no +3219-speakers-1,3219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7960,no +3219-speaker_number-2,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3219-speakers-2,3219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3219-speakers-3,3219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""804-1,116""}",,"Speaker number is unknown; population estimates range from 804 (1991) to 1,116 (1980.7",bib1915,no 3219-speaker_number-4,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3219-speakers-4,3219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""680"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (speakers); 2006 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no 3219-speaker_number-5,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3219-speakers-5,3219,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3219-speaker_number-6,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3219-speakers-6,3219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""631"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes -3219-LEI-1,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -3219-vitality-1,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no -3219-LEI-2,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3219-vitality-2,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3219-speaker_number-6,3219,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3219-speakers-6,3219,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""631"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes +3219-LEI-1,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +3219-vitality-1,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no +3219-LEI-2,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3219-vitality-2,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3219-LEI-4,3219,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1959 the population was about 100, with few children, high infant mortality, low will to live. By 1977 it was 237. Through modern medicine, intermarrying with the Waiwai [waw], self-confidence through literature in Hixkaryana, Hixkaryana teachers running a school for children ages 5 to 14, and government help in setting up a Brazil nut industry, they continue to grow.",bib68,no 3219-speaker_number_trends-4,3219,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"In 1959 the population was about 100, with few children, high infant mortality, low will to live. By 1977 it was 237. Through modern medicine, intermarrying with the Waiwai [waw], self-confidence through literature in Hixkaryana, Hixkaryana teachers running a school for children ages 5 to 14, and government help in setting up a Brazil nut industry, they continue to grow.",bib68,no 3219-vitality-4,3219,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In 1959 the population was about 100, with few children, high infant mortality, low will to live. By 1977 it was 237. Through modern medicine, intermarrying with the Waiwai [waw], self-confidence through literature in Hixkaryana, Hixkaryana teachers running a school for children ages 5 to 14, and government help in setting up a Brazil nut industry, they continue to grow.",bib68,no 3219-LEI-5,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3219-vitality-5,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3219-LEI-6,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3219-vitality-6,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3219-LEI-6,3219,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3219-vitality-6,3219,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3220-context-1,3220,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese""}",,Low proficiency in Portuguese,bib68,no 3220-location-1,3220,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Xing\u00fa park.""}",,,bib68,no -3220-location-2,3220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.7376, -53.616]]}",,,bib5307,no -3220-location-3,3220,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, left bank of the Upper Xingu in the Uavi River mouth area, to the north of the Kaiabi settlements.""}",,,bib1903,no -3220-location-4,3220,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3220-location-2,3220,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.7376, -53.616]]}",,,bib5330,no +3220-location-3,3220,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, Mato Grosso, Parque Indigena do Xingu, left bank of the Upper Xingu in the Uavi River mouth area, to the north of the Kaiabi settlements.""}",,,bib1915,no +3220-location-4,3220,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3220-speaker_number-1,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3220-speakers-1,3220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""340"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -3220-speaker_number-2,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3220-speakers-2,3220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3220-speakers-3,3220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""319"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib1903,no -3220-speaker_number-4,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -3220-speakers-4,3220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3220-speaker_number-2,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3220-speakers-2,3220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3220-speakers-3,3220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""319"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,,bib1915,no +3220-speaker_number-4,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +3220-speakers-4,3220,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""342"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""342"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3220-speaker_number-5,3220,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3220-speakers-5,3220,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""146"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3220-LEI-1,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3220-vitality-1,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3220-LEI-2,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3220-vitality-2,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3220-LEI-3,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3220-vitality-3,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3220-LEI-2,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3220-vitality-2,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3220-LEI-3,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3220-vitality-3,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3220-LEI-4,3220,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3220-vitality-4,3220,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3222-location-1,3222,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.62807482, 140.8636671]]}",,,bib1182,no +3222-location-1,3222,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.62807482, 140.8636671]]}",,,bib1191,no 3222-speaker_number-1,3222,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3222-speakers-1,3222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3222-speaker_number-2,3222,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3222-speakers-2,3222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3222-speaker_number-2,3222,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3222-speakers-2,3222,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3222-LEI-1,3222,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3222-vitality-1,3222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3222-LEI-2,3222,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3222-vitality-2,3222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3228-location-1,3228,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.135, 145.5784]]}",,,bib7945,no +3222-LEI-2,3222,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3222-vitality-2,3222,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3228-location-1,3228,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.135, 145.5784]]}",,,bib7970,no 3228-location-2,3228,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib67,yes 3228-speaker_number-1,3228,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3228-speakers-1,3228,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""185"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -34620,209 +34806,209 @@ Colombia: an unknown number of a few speakers.",bib1902,yes 3228-vitality-1,3228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3228-LEI-2,3228,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3228-vitality-2,3228,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3229-context-1,3229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +3229-context-1,3229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 3229-location-1,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[59.45, -122.0]]}",,,bib73,yes 3229-location-2,3229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0, -120.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3229-location-3,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Alberta, Great Slave Lake, upper Mackenzie River and drainage in Mackenzie District; northeast British Columbia in Fort Liard, Fort Providence, Fort Simpson, Fort Smith, Hay River, Hay River Dene (reserve), Jean Marie River, Nahanni Butte, Trout Lake, Wrigley and Yellowknife.\n\nNorthwest Territories, Great Slave Lake, upper Mackenzie River and drainage in Mackenzie District; northwest Alberta, Hay River area and the nearby Steen River-May Creek watershed; northeast British Columbia in Fort Nelson- Snake river area (2013).""}",,,bib67,no -3229-location-4,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[61.8154, -121.3346]]}",,,bib5307,no -3229-location-5,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. The principal communities include: Fort Liard, Fort Providence, Fort Simpson, Hay River Dene, Jean Marie River, Nahanni Butte, and Trout Lake, some at Wrigley(?), Slave in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia at Fort Nelson. In Alberta at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption), and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.""}",,,bib5217,no +3229-location-4,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[61.8154, -121.3346]]}",,,bib5330,no +3229-location-5,3229,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. The principal communities include: Fort Liard, Fort Providence, Fort Simpson, Hay River Dene, Jean Marie River, Nahanni Butte, and Trout Lake, some at Wrigley(?), Slave in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia at Fort Nelson. In Alberta at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption), and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.""}",,,bib5240,no 3229-speaker_number-1,3229,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,For speakers in British Columbia only.,bib73,yes 3229-speakers-1,3229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,593"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""43"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""170""}",,For speakers in British Columbia only.,bib73,yes 3229-speaker_number-2,3229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Ethnic population data: (Krauss 1995).,bib67,no 3229-speakers-2,3229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,890"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Ethnic population data: (Krauss 1995).,bib67,no -3229-speaker_number-3,3229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3229-speakers-3,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""920"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3229-speaker_number-4,3229,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1282,no -3229-speakers-4,3229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""813"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""128""}",,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1282,no -3229-speaker_number-5,3229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Slavey is spoken as a first language by about 3260 people in a number of communities in the Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. In the Northwest Territories, where it is one of the official languages; Slavey has 1260 speakers, about half of whom use it in the home. The principal communities include: Fort Liard (310 speakers out of a total population of 510), Fort Providence (280 out of 750 total), Fort Simpson (290 out of 1255 total), Hay River Dene (85 out of 250 total), Jean Marie River (30 out of 55 total), Nahanni Butte (50 out of 75 total), and Trout Lake (55 out of 65 total). It may also be spoken by some of the 100 Slavey speakers at Fort Wrigley, most of whom speak Mountain. There are also up to 60 speakers of Slavey in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia there are reported to be approximately 500 Slavey speakers, with the principal community at Fort Nelson. In Alberta Slave is spoken by about 1,500 people at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption) and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.",bib5217,no -3229-speakers-5,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Slavey is spoken as a first language by about 3260 people in a number of communities in the Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. In the Northwest Territories, where it is one of the official languages; Slavey has 1260 speakers, about half of whom use it in the home. The principal communities include: Fort Liard (310 speakers out of a total population of 510), Fort Providence (280 out of 750 total), Fort Simpson (290 out of 1255 total), Hay River Dene (85 out of 250 total), Jean Marie River (30 out of 55 total), Nahanni Butte (50 out of 75 total), and Trout Lake (55 out of 65 total). It may also be spoken by some of the 100 Slavey speakers at Fort Wrigley, most of whom speak Mountain. There are also up to 60 speakers of Slavey in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia there are reported to be approximately 500 Slavey speakers, with the principal community at Fort Nelson. In Alberta Slave is spoken by about 1,500 people at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption) and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.",bib5217,no +3229-speaker_number-3,3229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3229-speakers-3,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""920"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3229-speaker_number-4,3229,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1291,no +3229-speakers-4,3229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""813"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""58"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""128""}",,For speakers in British Columbia only,bib1291,no +3229-speaker_number-5,3229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Slavey is spoken as a first language by about 3260 people in a number of communities in the Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. In the Northwest Territories, where it is one of the official languages; Slavey has 1260 speakers, about half of whom use it in the home. The principal communities include: Fort Liard (310 speakers out of a total population of 510), Fort Providence (280 out of 750 total), Fort Simpson (290 out of 1255 total), Hay River Dene (85 out of 250 total), Jean Marie River (30 out of 55 total), Nahanni Butte (50 out of 75 total), and Trout Lake (55 out of 65 total). It may also be spoken by some of the 100 Slavey speakers at Fort Wrigley, most of whom speak Mountain. There are also up to 60 speakers of Slavey in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia there are reported to be approximately 500 Slavey speakers, with the principal community at Fort Nelson. In Alberta Slave is spoken by about 1,500 people at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption) and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.",bib5240,no +3229-speakers-5,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Slavey is spoken as a first language by about 3260 people in a number of communities in the Northwest Territories and in adjacent parts of northern British Columbia and Alberta. In the Northwest Territories, where it is one of the official languages; Slavey has 1260 speakers, about half of whom use it in the home. The principal communities include: Fort Liard (310 speakers out of a total population of 510), Fort Providence (280 out of 750 total), Fort Simpson (290 out of 1255 total), Hay River Dene (85 out of 250 total), Jean Marie River (30 out of 55 total), Nahanni Butte (50 out of 75 total), and Trout Lake (55 out of 65 total). It may also be spoken by some of the 100 Slavey speakers at Fort Wrigley, most of whom speak Mountain. There are also up to 60 speakers of Slavey in the town of Hay River. In northern British Columbia there are reported to be approximately 500 Slavey speakers, with the principal community at Fort Nelson. In Alberta Slave is spoken by about 1,500 people at Meander River, Chateh Lake (Assumption) and at a few other places on the upper Hay River.",bib5240,no 3229-speaker_number-6,3229,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3229-speakers-6,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,410"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3229-speaker_number-7,3229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no -3229-speakers-7,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37 fluent and 115 semi-speakers. 134 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""134""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +3229-speaker_number-7,3229,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no +3229-speakers-7,3229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37 fluent and 115 semi-speakers. 134 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""134""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 3229-LEI-1,3229,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 3229-vitality-1,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes 3229-LEI-2,3229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3229-vitality-2,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3229-LEI-3,3229,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3229-vitality-3,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3229-LEI-4,3229,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1282,no -3229-vitality-4,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1282,no -3229-LEI-5,3229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -3229-transmission-5,3229,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,no -3229-vitality-5,3229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no +3229-LEI-3,3229,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3229-vitality-3,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3229-LEI-4,3229,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1291,no +3229-vitality-4,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1291,no +3229-LEI-5,3229,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +3229-transmission-5,3229,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,no +3229-vitality-5,3229,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no 3229-LEI-6,3229,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3229-vitality-6,3229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3231-context-1,3231,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pouye [bye]""}",,"Shifting to Pouye [bye], who consider Karawa part of their language.",bib69,no -3231-location-1,3231,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.09628868, 147.8647003]]}",,,bib7945,no +3231-location-1,3231,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.09628868, 147.8647003]]}",,,bib7970,no 3231-location-2,3231,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Lumi district, Pulwa village.""}",,,bib69,no -3231-location-3,3231,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bulawa village""}",,,bib4545,yes +3231-location-3,3231,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bulawa village""}",,,bib4566,yes 3231-speaker_number-1,3231,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3231-speakers-1,3231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3231-speaker_number-2,3231,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,0 monolinguals (2007 SIL).,bib69,no 3231-speakers-2,3231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,0 monolinguals (2007 SIL).,bib69,no -3231-speaker_number-3,3231,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,yes -3231-speakers-3,3231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,yes +3231-speaker_number-3,3231,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,yes +3231-speakers-3,3231,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,yes 3231-LEI-1,3231,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3231-vitality-1,3231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3231-LEI-2,3231,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3231-vitality-2,3231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3231-LEI-3,3231,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -3231-vitality-3,3231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -3232-location-1,3232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.86342597, 144.5258484]]}",,,bib7945,no +3231-LEI-3,3231,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +3231-vitality-3,3231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +3232-location-1,3232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.86342597, 144.5258484]]}",,,bib7970,no 3232-location-2,3232,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province""}",,,bib69,no -3232-location-3,3232,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kopar, Singarin, and Wongun villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +3232-location-3,3232,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kopar, Singarin, and Wongun villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 3232-speaker_number-1,3232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3232-speakers-1,3232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""229"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3232-speaker_number-2,3232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 3232-speakers-2,3232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""540"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -3232-speaker_number-3,3232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -3232-speakers-3,3232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""229"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +3232-speaker_number-3,3232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +3232-speakers-3,3232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""229"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 3232-LEI-1,3232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3232-vitality-1,3232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3232-LEI-2,3232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3232-vitality-2,3232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3232-LEI-3,3232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -3232-vitality-3,3232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -3233-context-1,3233,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Spoken Arabic; Uduk; Mabaan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"The Komo believe it would be good if they had the ability to read and write in their own language. They expect their grandchildren to continue speaking Komo, but also expect them to be using Arabic and English. If a young person speaks a language other than Komo at home, the older Komo are happy about it because they want their children to also learn other languages. They feel that Komo would be the best language for a teacher to use in school. They think that English and Arabic should be taught in school, along with Komo. Komo should be taught so that, in the future, the language will not be lost. The young people consider Komo to be “their own tongue” and, apparently, are proud of it. The Komo are not aware of any local people working on writing their language.",bib4344,no +3232-LEI-3,3232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +3232-vitality-3,3232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +3233-context-1,3233,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Spoken Arabic; Uduk; Mabaan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"The Komo believe it would be good if they had the ability to read and write in their own language. They expect their grandchildren to continue speaking Komo, but also expect them to be using Arabic and English. If a young person speaks a language other than Komo at home, the older Komo are happy about it because they want their children to also learn other languages. They feel that Komo would be the best language for a teacher to use in school. They think that English and Arabic should be taught in school, along with Komo. Komo should be taught so that, in the future, the language will not be lost. The young people consider Komo to be “their own tongue” and, apparently, are proud of it. The Komo are not aware of any local people working on writing their language.",bib4365,no 3233-location-1,3233,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.75, 33.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3233-location-2,3233,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan"", ""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -3233-location-3,3233,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0804, 34.0905]]}",,,bib5307,no -3233-location-4,3233,location,"{""Places"": [""Blue Nile Province, Sudan"", ""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""These languages [Ganza, Komo, and Berta] are spoken in villages close to the village of Yabus in Blue Nile Province, Sudan [...] Komo is spoken in Northern Sudan, around Ahmar, Tombak, and Yabus rivers, in the southern Funj Region of Blue Nile \nProvince. It is also spoken in Ethiopia, south and west of Kwama.""}",,,bib4344,no +3233-location-3,3233,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0804, 34.0905]]}",,,bib5330,no +3233-location-4,3233,location,"{""Places"": [""Blue Nile Province, Sudan"", ""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""These languages [Ganza, Komo, and Berta] are spoken in villages close to the village of Yabus in Blue Nile Province, Sudan [...] Komo is spoken in Northern Sudan, around Ahmar, Tombak, and Yabus rivers, in the southern Funj Region of Blue Nile \nProvince. It is also spoken in Ethiopia, south and west of Kwama.""}",,,bib4365,no 3233-speaker_number-1,3233,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 in Sudan (1979 James). Population total all countries: 11,500.",bib67,no 3233-speakers-1,3233,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 in Sudan (1979 James). Population total all countries: 11,500.",bib67,no -3233-speaker_number-2,3233,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3233-speakers-2,3233,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3233-speaker_number-2,3233,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3233-speakers-2,3233,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3233-speaker_number-3,3233,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 3233-speakers-3,3233,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1522"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,435"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 3233-speakers-4,3233,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,"The population of Komo speakers in all countries is listed as 11,500, with 10,000 -in Sudan, and 1,500 in Ethiopia.",bib4344,no +in Sudan, and 1,500 in Ethiopia.",bib4365,no 3233-speaker_number-5,3233,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3233-speakers-5,3233,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3233-LEI-1,3233,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3233-vitality-1,3233,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3233-LEI-2,3233,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3233-vitality-2,3233,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3233-LEI-2,3233,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3233-vitality-2,3233,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3233-LEI-3,3233,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 3233-vitality-3,3233,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 3233-LEI-4,3233,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3233-vitality-4,3233,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3235-location-1,3235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0406, 77.1075]]}",,,bib5307,no +3235-location-1,3235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0406, 77.1075]]}",,,bib5330,no 3235-location-2,3235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0833333333, 77.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3235-location-3,3235,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes -3235-speaker_number-1,3235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3235-speakers-1,3235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3235-speaker_number-1,3235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3235-speakers-1,3235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3235-speaker_number-2,3235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3235-speakers-2,3235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3235-speaker_number-3,3235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,400 (Chauhan 2002)",bib67,yes 3235-speakers-3,3235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,400 (Chauhan 2002)",bib67,yes -3235-LEI-1,3235,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3235-vitality-1,3235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3235-LEI-1,3235,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3235-vitality-1,3235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3235-LEI-2,3235,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3235-vitality-2,3235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3235-LEI-3,3235,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3235-vitality-3,3235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3236-context-1,3236,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bunun; Taiwanese Chinese""}",,Most members of ethnic group have shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese.,bib7938,no -3236-context-2,3236,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Bunun"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Kanakanabu people in Namasia 那瑪夏 have been trying to revitalize the Kanakanavu language through different classes -- songs, dances, language courses, apprenticeship of traditional plantation etc.)",bib8035,yes +3236-context-1,3236,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bunun; Taiwanese Chinese""}",,Most members of ethnic group have shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese.,bib7963,no +3236-context-2,3236,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Bunun"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Kanakanabu people in Namasia 那瑪夏 have been trying to revitalize the Kanakanavu language through different classes -- songs, dances, language courses, apprenticeship of traditional plantation etc.)",bib8060,yes 3236-location-1,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib67,no -3236-location-2,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Namasia District (\u90a3\u746a\u590f\u5340) of Kaohsiung City (\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02) along both banks of Nanzixian River (\u6960\u6893\u4ed9\u6eaa). Today, most Kanakanavu People live in the two villages of Manga and Takanua in Namasia District (formerly Sanmin Township), Kaohsiung City."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.283, 120.746], [23.245, 120.723]]}",,,bib8328,no -3236-location-3,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib8330,no -3236-location-4,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Coordinates"": [[23.1463, 120.6782]]}",,,bib5307,no -3236-location-5,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Southern central Taiwan around the town of Minchuan""}",,,bib7938,no -3236-location-6,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib8035,yes +3236-location-2,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Namasia District (\u90a3\u746a\u590f\u5340) of Kaohsiung City (\u9ad8\u96c4\u5e02) along both banks of Nanzixian River (\u6960\u6893\u4ed9\u6eaa). Today, most Kanakanavu People live in the two villages of Manga and Takanua in Namasia District (formerly Sanmin Township), Kaohsiung City."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.283, 120.746], [23.245, 120.723]]}",,,bib8353,no +3236-location-3,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib8355,no +3236-location-4,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Coordinates"": [[23.1463, 120.6782]]}",,,bib5330,no +3236-location-5,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Southern central Taiwan around the town of Minchuan""}",,,bib7963,no +3236-location-6,3236,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""]}",,,bib8060,yes 3236-speaker_number-1,3236,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,8 (2005 SIL). Ethnic population: 250 (UNESCO),bib67,no 3236-speakers-1,3236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,8 (2005 SIL). Ethnic population: 250 (UNESCO),bib67,no -3236-speakers-2,3236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2014""}",,,bib8328,no -3236-speakers-3,3236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,087 (including Tsou, Kanakanabu and Saaroa)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"Kanakanabu and Saaroa have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",bib8330,no -3236-speaker_number-4,3236,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3236-speakers-4,3236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3236-speakers-5,3236,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0""}",,A few old speakers,bib7938,no +3236-speakers-2,3236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""as of 2014""}",,,bib8353,no +3236-speakers-3,3236,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,087 (including Tsou, Kanakanabu and Saaroa)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"Kanakanabu and Saaroa have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",bib8355,no +3236-speaker_number-4,3236,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3236-speakers-4,3236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3236-speakers-5,3236,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0""}",,A few old speakers,bib7963,no 3236-speaker_number-6,3236,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3236-speakers-6,3236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3236-speaker_number-7,3236,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only 6 fluent speakers whose age ranges between 63 and 81 (as of 2014).,bib8035,yes -3236-speakers-7,3236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,There are only 6 fluent speakers whose age ranges between 63 and 81 (as of 2014).,bib8035,yes +3236-speaker_number-7,3236,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only 6 fluent speakers whose age ranges between 63 and 81 (as of 2014).,bib8060,yes +3236-speakers-7,3236,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,There are only 6 fluent speakers whose age ranges between 63 and 81 (as of 2014).,bib8060,yes 3236-LEI-1,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3236-vitality-1,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3236-LEI-2,3236,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3236-vitality-2,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3236-LEI-3,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3236-transmission-3,3236,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,no -3236-speaker_number_trends-3,3236,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -3236-vitality-3,3236,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7938,no +3236-LEI-2,3236,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3236-vitality-2,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3236-LEI-3,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3236-transmission-3,3236,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,no +3236-speaker_number_trends-3,3236,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +3236-vitality-3,3236,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7963,no 3236-LEI-4,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3236-vitality-4,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3236-LEI-5,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,yes -3236-vitality-5,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,yes -3237-location-1,3237,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.64602942, 139.6972619]]}",,,bib1182,no +3236-LEI-5,3236,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8060,yes +3236-vitality-5,3236,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8060,yes +3237-location-1,3237,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.64602942, 139.6972619]]}",,,bib1191,no 3237-location-2,3237,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3237-speaker_number-1,3237,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3237-speakers-1,3237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3237-speaker_number-2,3237,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3237-speakers-2,3237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3237-speaker_number-2,3237,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3237-speakers-2,3237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3237-speakers-3,3237,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Ruhlen 1987 and Wurm 2003).,bib67,no 3237-LEI-1,3237,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3237-vitality-1,3237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3237-LEI-2,3237,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3237-vitality-2,3237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3239-location-1,3239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.874192, 131.143664]]}",,,bib7945,no +3237-LEI-2,3237,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3237-vitality-2,3237,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3239-location-1,3239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.874192, 131.143664]]}",,,bib7970,no 3239-speaker_number-1,3239,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3239-speakers-1,3239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3239-speaker_number-2,3239,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3239-speakers-2,3239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3239-speaker_number-2,3239,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3239-speakers-2,3239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3239-LEI-1,3239,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3239-vitality-1,3239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3239-LEI-2,3239,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3239-vitality-2,3239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3240-location-1,3240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.464675, 142.400131]]}",,,bib7945,no +3239-LEI-2,3239,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3239-vitality-2,3239,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3240-location-1,3240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.464675, 142.400131]]}",,,bib7970,no 3240-location-2,3240,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3240-speaker_number-1,3240,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3240-speakers-1,3240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3240-speaker_number-2,3240,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3240-speakers-2,3240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3240-speaker_number-2,3240,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3240-speakers-2,3240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3240-speakers-3,3240,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"""Unlikely any speakers remain"" (Wurm 2003)",bib67,no 3240-LEI-1,3240,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3240-vitality-1,3240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3240-LEI-2,3240,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3240-vitality-2,3240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3240-LEI-2,3240,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3240-vitality-2,3240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3240-LEI-3,3240,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3240-vitality-3,3240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -3241-location-1,3241,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.574539, 141.631086]]}",,,bib7945,no +3241-location-1,3241,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.574539, 141.631086]]}",,,bib7970,no 3241-location-2,3241,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3241-speaker_number-1,3241,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3241-speakers-1,3241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3241-speaker_number-2,3241,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3241-speakers-2,3241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3241-speaker_number-2,3241,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3241-speakers-2,3241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3241-speakers-3,3241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"""Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain"" (Wurm 2003)",bib67,no 3241-LEI-1,3241,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3241-vitality-1,3241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3241-LEI-2,3241,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3241-vitality-2,3241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3241-LEI-2,3241,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3241-vitality-2,3241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3243-location-1,3243,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3243-location-2,3243,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.305372, 142.273786]]}",,,bib7945,no -3243-location-3,3243,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, west coast of Cape York Peninsula, south of Arukun.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -3243-speaker_number-1,3243,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3243-speakers-1,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +3243-location-2,3243,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.305372, 142.273786]]}",,,bib7970,no +3243-location-3,3243,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, west coast of Cape York Peninsula, south of Arukun.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +3243-speaker_number-1,3243,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3243-speakers-1,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 3243-speaker_number-2,3243,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3243-speakers-2,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 3243-speaker_number-3,3243,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3243-speakers-3,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 3243-speaker_number-4,3243,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3243-speakers-4,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3243-speaker_number-5,3243,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib5309,yes -3243-speakers-5,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<31"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib5309,yes -3243-LEI-1,3243,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3243-vitality-1,3243,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3243-speaker_number-5,3243,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib5332,yes +3243-speakers-5,3243,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<31"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, thirty-one speakers were reported. Today there are considerably less.",bib5332,yes +3243-LEI-1,3243,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3243-vitality-1,3243,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3243-LEI-2,3243,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3243-vitality-2,3243,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3243-LEI-3,3243,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3243-vitality-3,3243,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3243-LEI-4,3243,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3243-vitality-4,3243,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3243-LEI-5,3243,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5309,yes -3243-transmission-5,3243,transmission,5,transmission-5,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5309,yes -3243-domains_of_use-5,3243,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5309,yes -3243-speaker_number_trends-5,3243,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5309,yes -3243-vitality-5,3243,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5309,yes +3243-LEI-5,3243,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5332,yes +3243-transmission-5,3243,transmission,5,transmission-5,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5332,yes +3243-domains_of_use-5,3243,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5332,yes +3243-speaker_number_trends-5,3243,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5332,yes +3243-vitality-5,3243,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"No literacy in it. ... The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franco Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbor. It is now seriously endangered.",bib5332,yes 3246-location-1,3246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.34, 123.15]]}",,,bib75,no 3246-location-2,3246,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3246-speaker_number-1,3246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -34836,159 +35022,159 @@ in Sudan, and 1,500 in Ethiopia.",bib4344,no 3247-location-1,3247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.05, 49.76]]}",,,bib75,no 3247-location-2,3247,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 3247-speakers-1,3247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,yes -3248-location-1,3248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +3248-location-1,3248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 3248-location-2,3248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.9, 53.48]]}",,,bib75,no 3248-location-3,3248,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 3248-speakers-1,3248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,yes -3250-context-1,3250,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bambara, Soninke""}",,,bib1898,no -3250-context-2,3250,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains, writing, school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bambara, Sonink\u00e9, Peul, Hassaniya, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"Bilingualism with the dominant languages was not uniform across the Kagoro community. ... Kagoro identity does not seem to be tied directly with language use, but rather ethnicity. This was evident especially when we visited the village of Debo-Kagoro. Bambara is the preferred spoken and written language there, and yet this village is considered the 'heart' of the Kagoro world.",bib6899,no -3250-context-3,3250,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bamana, Sonink\u00e9""}",,,bib6944,no -3250-location-1,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""S\u00e9gou""], ""Description"": ""Le kagoro (k\u00e0g\u0254r\u0254k\u00e1n) est un parler manding dont les locuteurs se rencontrent plus ou moins sporadiquement dans toute la partie Nord de la zone o\u00f9 est parl\u00e9 le bambara; du Kaarta jusqu'\u00e0 S\u00e9gou.""}",,,bib1898,no +3250-context-1,3250,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bambara, Soninke""}",,,bib1910,no +3250-context-2,3250,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official domains, writing, school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bambara, Sonink\u00e9, Peul, Hassaniya, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,"Bilingualism with the dominant languages was not uniform across the Kagoro community. ... Kagoro identity does not seem to be tied directly with language use, but rather ethnicity. This was evident especially when we visited the village of Debo-Kagoro. Bambara is the preferred spoken and written language there, and yet this village is considered the 'heart' of the Kagoro world.",bib6923,no +3250-context-3,3250,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bamana, Sonink\u00e9""}",,,bib6968,no +3250-location-1,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""S\u00e9gou""], ""Description"": ""Le kagoro (k\u00e0g\u0254r\u0254k\u00e1n) est un parler manding dont les locuteurs se rencontrent plus ou moins sporadiquement dans toute la partie Nord de la zone o\u00f9 est parl\u00e9 le bambara; du Kaarta jusqu'\u00e0 S\u00e9gou.""}",,,bib1910,no 3250-location-2,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""]}",,,bib67,yes -3250-location-3,3250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.0758, -9.945653]]}",,,bib7945,no -3250-location-4,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""4 major groups of Kagoro villages: By far the largest is the 'homeland' in the area known as 'Kaarta,' which includes the administrative area of Sefeto in the circle of Kita, region of Kayes, and the administrative areas of Diema and Dioumera in the circle of Nioro, region of Kayes; In the administrative area of Kolokani, circle of Kolokani, region of Bamako, west of the town of Kolokani; In the administrative area of Boro, circle of Banamba, region of Bamako; [and] in the administrative areas of Farako and Tamani, circle of Segou, region of Segou and the administrative area of Niamina, circle of Koulikoro, region of Bamako."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.139572, -9.826523], [13.582839, -8.033166], [14.008571, -7.514827], [13.410263, -6.389412]]}",,,bib6899,no -3250-location-5,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns of Kagoro, Fadan Kagoro, Garate-Kagoro"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.614713, 8.393548]]}",,,bib7838,no -3250-location-6,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mali, Kulikoro and Kayes Provinces, mostly in Kaarta-Bin\u00e9, i.e. area between Baoul\u00e9 and Darrouma rivers.""}",,,bib6944,no +3250-location-3,3250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.0758, -9.945653]]}",,,bib7970,no +3250-location-4,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""4 major groups of Kagoro villages: By far the largest is the 'homeland' in the area known as 'Kaarta,' which includes the administrative area of Sefeto in the circle of Kita, region of Kayes, and the administrative areas of Diema and Dioumera in the circle of Nioro, region of Kayes; In the administrative area of Kolokani, circle of Kolokani, region of Bamako, west of the town of Kolokani; In the administrative area of Boro, circle of Banamba, region of Bamako; [and] in the administrative areas of Farako and Tamani, circle of Segou, region of Segou and the administrative area of Niamina, circle of Koulikoro, region of Bamako."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.139572, -9.826523], [13.582839, -8.033166], [14.008571, -7.514827], [13.410263, -6.389412]]}",,,bib6923,no +3250-location-5,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns of Kagoro, Fadan Kagoro, Garate-Kagoro"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.614713, 8.393548]]}",,,bib7863,no +3250-location-6,3250,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mali, Kulikoro and Kayes Provinces, mostly in Kaarta-Bin\u00e9, i.e. area between Baoul\u00e9 and Darrouma rivers.""}",,,bib6968,no 3250-speaker_number-1,3250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from V. Vydrine (1998). Data for the ethnic population is from Vanderaa (1991).,bib67,yes 3250-speakers-1,3250,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from V. Vydrine (1998). Data for the ethnic population is from Vanderaa (1991).,bib67,yes -3250-speakers-2,3250,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,,bib6899,no +3250-speakers-2,3250,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,,bib6923,no 3250-speaker_number-3,3250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3250-speakers-3,3250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3250-LEI-1,3250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3250-vitality-1,3250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3250-LEI-2,3250,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6899,no -3250-transmission-2,3250,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6899,no -3250-domains_of_use-2,3250,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6899,no -3250-vitality-2,3250,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6899,no +3250-LEI-2,3250,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6923,no +3250-transmission-2,3250,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6923,no +3250-domains_of_use-2,3250,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6923,no +3250-vitality-2,3250,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place.",bib6923,no 3250-LEI-3,3250,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3250-vitality-3,3250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3252-location-1,3252,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +3252-location-1,3252,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 3252-location-2,3252,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.9, 48.62]]}",,,bib75,no 3252-location-3,3252,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,no -3252-speaker_number-1,3252,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The dominant language of the village [of Xo'in]... is Azari-Turkish, but a number of older people still managed to speak the Xo'ini dialect, when I visited the village in early October of 1960... The village had been declining for a number of years and had no more than some 170 families or eight to nine hundred souls.",bib7974,yes -3252-speakers-1,3252,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1960-1963"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The dominant language of the village [of Xo'in]... is Azari-Turkish, but a number of older people still managed to speak the Xo'ini dialect, when I visited the village in early October of 1960... The village had been declining for a number of years and had no more than some 170 families or eight to nine hundred souls.",bib7974,yes +3252-speaker_number-1,3252,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The dominant language of the village [of Xo'in]... is Azari-Turkish, but a number of older people still managed to speak the Xo'ini dialect, when I visited the village in early October of 1960... The village had been declining for a number of years and had no more than some 170 families or eight to nine hundred souls.",bib7999,yes +3252-speakers-1,3252,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1960-1963"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The dominant language of the village [of Xo'in]... is Azari-Turkish, but a number of older people still managed to speak the Xo'ini dialect, when I visited the village in early October of 1960... The village had been declining for a number of years and had no more than some 170 families or eight to nine hundred souls.",bib7999,yes 3252-speakers-2,3252,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -3252-LEI-1,3252,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7974,yes -3252-transmission-1,3252,transmission,4,transmission-4,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7974,yes -3252-vitality-1,3252,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7974,yes -3255-context-2,3255,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jinpo; Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Communication in Chinese and Jingpo in the market is necessary. In the family domain both Xiandao and Jingpo are used for communication ... Since 1993 the Xiandao people in Mangmian have started to follow the Christian religion ... The Sunday service is conducted in Jingpo by a Jingpo minister."" (p.182-183)",bib7440,yes -3255-location-1,3255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9263, 98.2414]]}",,,bib5307,no -3255-location-2,3255,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Yingjiang County""}",,"Seventy people calling themselves (khan31 taw31) (whence the Chinese term Xiantao) forming all thirty of the population in one relocated village, Meng’erzhai (Meng’er) moved in 1958, and 40 of 49 inhabitants in Xiantaozhai (also known as Mangmian) in the other, moved in 1995.",bib1205,no -3255-location-3,3255,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province""}",,"Mangmian and Meng'er villages in Jiemao Township, Yingjiang County",bib7440,yes +3252-LEI-1,3252,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7999,yes +3252-transmission-1,3252,transmission,4,transmission-4,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7999,yes +3252-vitality-1,3252,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The dominant language in Xo'in is now Turkish and the original dialect is disappearing.,bib7999,yes +3255-context-2,3255,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jinpo; Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Communication in Chinese and Jingpo in the market is necessary. In the family domain both Xiandao and Jingpo are used for communication ... Since 1993 the Xiandao people in Mangmian have started to follow the Christian religion ... The Sunday service is conducted in Jingpo by a Jingpo minister."" (p.182-183)",bib7464,yes +3255-location-1,3255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9263, 98.2414]]}",,,bib5330,no +3255-location-2,3255,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Yingjiang County""}",,"Seventy people calling themselves (khan31 taw31) (whence the Chinese term Xiantao) forming all thirty of the population in one relocated village, Meng’erzhai (Meng’er) moved in 1958, and 40 of 49 inhabitants in Xiantaozhai (also known as Mangmian) in the other, moved in 1995.",bib1214,no +3255-location-3,3255,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province""}",,"Mangmian and Meng'er villages in Jiemao Township, Yingjiang County",bib7464,yes 3255-location-4,3255,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -3255-speaker_number-1,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3255-speakers-1,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3255-speaker_number-2,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1205,no -3255-speakers-2,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1205,no -3255-speaker_number-3,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,40% of the population speak Xiandao as their L1; 30% speak Chinese as their L1 and 30% speak Jingpo as their L1). Note that there is no monolingual in Xiandao. People are usually bilingual or trilingual in other languages such as Jingpo or Chinese.,bib7440,yes -3255-speakers-3,3255,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70 (16 families)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""some""}",,40% of the population speak Xiandao as their L1; 30% speak Chinese as their L1 and 30% speak Jingpo as their L1). Note that there is no monolingual in Xiandao. People are usually bilingual or trilingual in other languages such as Jingpo or Chinese.,bib7440,yes +3255-speaker_number-1,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3255-speakers-1,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3255-speaker_number-2,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1214,no +3255-speakers-2,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1214,no +3255-speaker_number-3,3255,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,40% of the population speak Xiandao as their L1; 30% speak Chinese as their L1 and 30% speak Jingpo as their L1). Note that there is no monolingual in Xiandao. People are usually bilingual or trilingual in other languages such as Jingpo or Chinese.,bib7464,yes +3255-speakers-3,3255,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70 (16 families)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""some""}",,40% of the population speak Xiandao as their L1; 30% speak Chinese as their L1 and 30% speak Jingpo as their L1). Note that there is no monolingual in Xiandao. People are usually bilingual or trilingual in other languages such as Jingpo or Chinese.,bib7464,yes 3255-speaker_number-4,3255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3255-speakers-4,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3255-speaker_number-5,3255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3255-speakers-5,3255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3255-LEI-1,3255,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3255-vitality-1,3255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3255-LEI-2,3255,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -3255-transmission-2,3255,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,no -3255-vitality-2,3255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1205,no -3255-LEI-3,3255,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7440,yes -3255-transmission-3,3255,transmission,2,transmission-2,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7440,yes -3255-domains_of_use-3,3255,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7440,yes -3255-speaker_number_trends-3,3255,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7440,yes -3255-vitality-3,3255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7440,yes +3255-LEI-1,3255,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3255-vitality-1,3255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3255-LEI-2,3255,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +3255-transmission-2,3255,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,no +3255-vitality-2,3255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1214,no +3255-LEI-3,3255,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7464,yes +3255-transmission-3,3255,transmission,2,transmission-2,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7464,yes +3255-domains_of_use-3,3255,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7464,yes +3255-speaker_number_trends-3,3255,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7464,yes +3255-vitality-3,3255,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Younger speakers have better competence in Jingpo and/or Chinese. Intermarriage with the Han Chinese or the Jingpo is not uncommon.,bib7464,yes 3255-LEI-4,3255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3255-vitality-4,3255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3255-LEI-5,3255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3255-vitality-5,3255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3257-location-1,3257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4463, 34.0219]]}",,,bib5307,yes -3257-location-2,3257,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Northern Sudan, west of Berta""}",,,bib7615,no +3257-location-1,3257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4463, 34.0219]]}",,,bib5330,yes +3257-location-2,3257,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Northern Sudan, west of Berta""}",,,bib7640,no 3257-location-3,3257,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -3257-speaker_number-1,3257,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -3257-speakers-1,3257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3257-speaker_number-1,3257,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +3257-speakers-1,3257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3257-speaker_number-2,3257,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3257-speakers-2,3257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3257-speakers-3,3257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200""}",,,bib67,no -3257-LEI-1,3257,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3257-vitality-1,3257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3257-LEI-1,3257,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3257-vitality-1,3257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3257-LEI-2,3257,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3257-vitality-2,3257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3260-context-1,3260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,no -3260-context-2,3260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian, Mandarin, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative in China""}",,,bib3753,yes -3260-location-1,3260,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Russia""}",,,bib6474,no +3260-context-1,3260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,no +3260-context-2,3260,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian, Mandarin, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative in China""}",,,bib3772,yes +3260-location-1,3260,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Russia""}",,,bib6498,no 3260-location-2,3260,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""USA"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""China"", ""Germany"", ""Taiwan"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3260-location-3,3260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.195, 88.7255]]}",,,bib5307,no -3260-location-4,3260,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Mongolia"", ""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.566667, 45.316667], [41.0, 85.0]]}",,"Oirats that reside in Russia mostly live in the Kalmyk Republic and refer to themselves as Kalmyks. Oirats in China mostly reside in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. They refer to themselves as Xinjiang Oirats or just Oirats. A group of Oirats in Mongolia also refer to themselves as Oirats although, based on some sources (e.g., personal communication with Xinjiang Oirats who visited Mongolia), at present they hardly speak Oirat. In summary, representatives of the Oirat ethnic group are usually known under two names: Kalmyks in Russia and Oirats in China and Mongolia.",bib3753,yes -3260-speaker_number-1,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,no -3260-speakers-1,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,no +3260-location-3,3260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.195, 88.7255]]}",,,bib5330,no +3260-location-4,3260,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Mongolia"", ""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.566667, 45.316667], [41.0, 85.0]]}",,"Oirats that reside in Russia mostly live in the Kalmyk Republic and refer to themselves as Kalmyks. Oirats in China mostly reside in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. They refer to themselves as Xinjiang Oirats or just Oirats. A group of Oirats in Mongolia also refer to themselves as Oirats although, based on some sources (e.g., personal communication with Xinjiang Oirats who visited Mongolia), at present they hardly speak Oirat. In summary, representatives of the Oirat ethnic group are usually known under two names: Kalmyks in Russia and Oirats in China and Mongolia.",bib3772,yes +3260-speaker_number-1,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,no +3260-speakers-1,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,no 3260-speaker_number-2,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 3260-speakers-2,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""173,996"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -3260-speaker_number-3,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3260-speakers-3,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""433,602"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3260-speaker_number-3,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3260-speakers-3,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""433,602"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3260-speaker_number-4,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3260-speakers-4,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""518,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3260-speaker_number-5,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Russia (Kalmyk population 174,000; 1993 UBS), China (Xinjiang region; Oirat population 149,857, 2000 census). also spoken in Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan.",bib3753,yes -3260-speakers-5,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""323,857"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Russia (Kalmyk population 174,000; 1993 UBS), China (Xinjiang region; Oirat population 149,857, 2000 census). also spoken in Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan.",bib3753,yes -3260-LEI-1,3260,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3260-transmission-1,3260,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6474,no -3260-vitality-1,3260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +3260-speaker_number-5,3260,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Russia (Kalmyk population 174,000; 1993 UBS), China (Xinjiang region; Oirat population 149,857, 2000 census). also spoken in Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan.",bib3772,yes +3260-speakers-5,3260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""323,857"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Russia (Kalmyk population 174,000; 1993 UBS), China (Xinjiang region; Oirat population 149,857, 2000 census). also spoken in Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan.",bib3772,yes +3260-LEI-1,3260,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3260-transmission-1,3260,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6498,no +3260-vitality-1,3260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 3260-LEI-2,3260,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3260-vitality-2,3260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3260-LEI-3,3260,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3260-vitality-3,3260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3260-LEI-3,3260,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3260-vitality-3,3260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3260-LEI-4,3260,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3260-vitality-4,3260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3260-LEI-5,3260,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3753,yes -3260-transmission-5,3260,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3753,yes -3260-speaker_number_trends-5,3260,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3753,yes -3260-vitality-5,3260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3753,yes +3260-LEI-5,3260,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3772,yes +3260-transmission-5,3260,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3772,yes +3260-speaker_number_trends-5,3260,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3772,yes +3260-vitality-5,3260,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Xinjiang Oirat is still used on an everyday basis and is being transmitted to children. However, the positive attitude toward their native culture and language among the Oirat population is on the decline. Most children of 10 or less years old practically cannot speak the language, and their level of comprehension is very low. The dominant language among the younger generation is Chinese. As young Oirats tend to move away from their traditional lifestyle, they cease to practice many parts of their indigenous culture, and with the loss of traditions comes the loss of the language."" (p.61)",bib3772,yes 3261-context-1,3261,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese; Bengali""}",,,bib67,yes -3261-context-2,3261,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali; Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7525,no -3261-location-1,3261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 93.2189]]}",,,bib5307,no +3261-context-2,3261,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali; Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7550,no +3261-location-1,3261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 93.2189]]}",,,bib5330,no 3261-location-2,3261,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, North Cachar district, Cachar hills; Nagaland, Kohima district, Dimapur, Dhansiri administrative circles. 16 villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -3261-location-3,3261,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam state, northern Cachar district, Darrang district.""}",,,bib7525,no +3261-location-3,3261,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam state, northern Cachar district, Darrang district.""}",,,bib7550,no 3261-location-4,3261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5, 91.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3261-speaker_number-1,3261,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3261-speakers-1,3261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3261-speaker_number-1,3261,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3261-speakers-1,3261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3261-speaker_number-2,3261,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3261-speakers-2,3261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 3261-speaker_number-3,3261,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3261-speakers-3,3261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3261-LEI-1,3261,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3261-vitality-1,3261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3261-LEI-1,3261,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3261-vitality-1,3261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3261-LEI-2,3261,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most ethnic Kachari speak Assamese as their first language. Few speak Kachari as an L1.,bib67,yes 3261-transmission-2,3261,transmission,3,transmission-3,Most ethnic Kachari speak Assamese as their first language. Few speak Kachari as an L1.,bib67,yes 3261-speaker_number_trends-2,3261,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Most ethnic Kachari speak Assamese as their first language. Few speak Kachari as an L1.,bib67,yes 3261-vitality-2,3261,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most ethnic Kachari speak Assamese as their first language. Few speak Kachari as an L1.,bib67,yes -3261-LEI-3,3261,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7525,no -3261-speaker_number_trends-3,3261,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7525,no -3261-vitality-3,3261,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7525,no +3261-LEI-3,3261,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7550,no +3261-speaker_number_trends-3,3261,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7550,no +3261-vitality-3,3261,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers being rapidly assimilated into Bengali and Assamese communities.,bib7550,no 3261-LEI-4,3261,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3261-vitality-4,3261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3262-context-1,3262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""German; Italian""}",,,bib3095,no -3262-context-2,3262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""German""}",,,bib6474,no +3262-context-1,3262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""German; Italian""}",,,bib3109,no +3262-context-2,3262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""German""}",,,bib6498,no 3262-context-3,3262,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""German, Italian, French, and various other non-national languages"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""In Graub\u00fcnden, the communes have the autonomy to determine their own administrative and school languages. Romansh may be either a language of tuition or a subject taught."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers of Romansh are multilingual""}",,"In 1938, Romansh was recognised as a national language in addition to French, German and Italian. With the recognition of Romansh as a partially official language in 1996, it has now been placed on the same footing as Switzerland’s other three official languages as far as certain matters are concerned.",bib178,yes -3262-location-1,3262,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Graubunden (Grischun), mainly in Surselva, Seumeir, and Unterengadin.""}",,,bib6474,no +3262-location-1,3262,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Graubunden (Grischun), mainly in Surselva, Seumeir, and Unterengadin.""}",,,bib6498,no 3262-location-2,3262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.6666666667, 8.83333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3262-location-3,3262,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""]}",,,bib67,no 3262-location-4,3262,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland, most notably in Canton Graub\u00fcnden""], ""Description"": ""In Canton Graub\u00fcnden, the territory in which Romansh has traditionally been spoken is comprised of five regions. Surselva occupies the large sector in the northwest of the canton. In Central Graub\u00fcnden, Romansh used to be spoken in the Domleschg/Tumleastga and Heinzenberg/Mantogna regions and is still spoken today in parts of the Val Schons (Schams), Surmeir (Oberhalbstein) and the Albula Valley. The Engadin and the Val M\u00fcstair (M\u00fcnstertal) form the southeastern Romansh language territory.""}",,,bib178,yes -3262-location-5,3262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5777, 9.6954]]}",,,bib5307,no +3262-location-5,3262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5777, 9.6954]]}",,,bib5330,no 3262-speaker_number-1,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Perhaps little more than half -of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6474,no +of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6498,no 3262-speakers-1,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Perhaps little more than half -of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6474,no +of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6498,no 3262-speaker_number-2,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 3262-speakers-2,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 3262-speaker_number-3,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the 2000 Swiss census, 35,095 speakers reported that Romansh was the language over which they had the ""best command."" 27,038 of these were in Canton Graubünden. In total the census reports 60,816 speakers of Romansh.",bib178,yes 3262-speakers-3,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the 2000 Swiss census, 35,095 speakers reported that Romansh was the language over which they had the ""best command."" 27,038 of these were in Canton Graubünden. In total the census reports 60,816 speakers of Romansh.",bib178,yes -3262-speaker_number-4,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3262-speakers-4,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,095"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3262-speaker_number-4,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3262-speakers-4,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,095"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3262-speaker_number-5,3262,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3262-speakers-5,3262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3262-LEI-1,3262,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6474,no -3262-transmission-1,3262,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6474,no -3262-domains_of_use-1,3262,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6474,no -3262-speaker_number_trends-1,3262,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6474,no -3262-vitality-1,3262,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6474,no +3262-LEI-1,3262,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6498,no +3262-transmission-1,3262,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6498,no +3262-domains_of_use-1,3262,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6498,no +3262-speaker_number_trends-1,3262,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6498,no +3262-vitality-1,3262,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many children learn the language, but most of them become more fluent in German and may not use Romansh actively later in life.",bib6498,no 3262-LEI-2,3262,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3262-vitality-2,3262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3262-LEI-3,3262,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib178,yes @@ -34996,156 +35182,156 @@ of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6474,no 3262-domains_of_use-3,3262,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib178,yes 3262-speaker_number_trends-3,3262,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib178,yes 3262-vitality-3,3262,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib178,yes -3262-LEI-4,3262,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3262-vitality-4,3262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3262-LEI-4,3262,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3262-vitality-4,3262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3262-LEI-5,3262,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3262-vitality-5,3262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3263-location-1,3263,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.3165, 22.3681]]}",,,bib5307,no +3263-location-1,3263,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.3165, 22.3681]]}",,,bib5330,no 3263-location-2,3263,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""USA"", ""Poland"", ""Czech Republic"", ""Romania"", ""Slovakia"", ""Hungary"", ""Albania"", ""Germany"", ""Austria"", ""Belarus"", ""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Croatia"", ""Estonia"", ""Finland"", ""France"", ""Greece"", ""Italy"", ""Latvia"", ""Lithuania"", ""Macedonia"", ""Netherlands"", ""United Kingdom"", ""Russia"", ""Slovenia"", ""Switzerland"", ""Turkey"", ""Serbia"", ""Montenegro""]}",,,bib67,yes -3263-speaker_number-1,3263,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3263-speakers-1,3263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3263-speaker_number-1,3263,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3263-speakers-1,3263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3263-speaker_number-2,3263,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3263-speakers-2,3263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""461,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3263-speaker_number-3,3263,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"380,000 in Czech Republic (2001 census). Slovakia.",bib67,yes 3263-speakers-3,3263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""472,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"380,000 in Czech Republic (2001 census). Slovakia.",bib67,yes -3263-LEI-1,3263,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3263-vitality-1,3263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3263-LEI-1,3263,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3263-vitality-1,3263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3263-LEI-2,3263,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3263-vitality-2,3263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3263-LEI-3,3263,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3263-vitality-3,3263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3265-location-1,3265,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.847, 40.0149]]}",,,bib5307,no -3265-location-2,3265,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Turkey""]}",,,bib6474,yes +3265-location-1,3265,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.847, 40.0149]]}",,,bib5330,no +3265-location-2,3265,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Turkey""]}",,,bib6498,yes 3265-location-3,3265,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.919075, 23.667883]]}",,,bib75,no 3265-location-4,3265,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Azerbaijan"", ""Georgia"", ""Canada"", ""Kazakhstan"", ""Russia"", ""Greece"", ""Turkey"", ""Armenia"", ""Ukraine""]}",,,bib67,no -3265-speaker_number-1,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3265-speakers-1,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3265-speaker_number-2,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3265-speakers-2,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000-200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3265-speaker_number-1,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3265-speakers-1,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3265-speaker_number-2,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3265-speakers-2,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000-200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3265-speaker_number-3,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3265-speakers-3,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""324,535"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3265-speaker_number-4,3265,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"200,000 in Greece (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001).",bib67,no 3265-speakers-4,3265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""324,540"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"200,000 in Greece (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001).",bib67,no -3265-LEI-1,3265,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3265-vitality-1,3265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3265-LEI-2,3265,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6474,yes -3265-transmission-2,3265,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6474,yes -3265-domains_of_use-2,3265,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6474,yes -3265-speaker_number_trends-2,3265,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6474,yes -3265-vitality-2,3265,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6474,yes +3265-LEI-1,3265,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3265-vitality-1,3265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3265-LEI-2,3265,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6498,yes +3265-transmission-2,3265,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6498,yes +3265-domains_of_use-2,3265,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6498,yes +3265-speaker_number_trends-2,3265,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6498,yes +3265-vitality-2,3265,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There are probably a few child speakers, but most speakers are middle-aged or older. In Greece, Pontic Greek retains mainly symbolic functions.",bib6498,yes 3265-LEI-3,3265,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3265-vitality-3,3265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3265-LEI-4,3265,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3265-vitality-4,3265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3267-location-1,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Spoke in the Brazilian federal state of Rondônia in the southwestern corner of the Amazon River Basin.,bib8284,yes +3267-location-1,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Spoke in the Brazilian federal state of Rondônia in the southwestern corner of the Amazon River Basin.,bib8309,yes 3267-location-2,3267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.25, -62.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3267-location-3,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no 3267-location-4,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,Rondônia state: Rio Branco Post.,bib70,no -3267-location-5,3267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.05, -64.6655]]}",,,bib5307,no -3267-location-6,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southern and western Rondnia State, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco.""}",,,bib1903,no -3267-location-7,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -3267-speaker_number-1,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes -3267-speakers-1,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes +3267-location-5,3267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.05, -64.6655]]}",,,bib5330,no +3267-location-6,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""southern and western Rondnia State, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco.""}",,,bib1915,no +3267-location-7,3267,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +3267-speaker_number-1,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes +3267-speakers-1,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes 3267-speaker_number-2,3267,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from YWAM (1990).,bib67,no 3267-speakers-2,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from YWAM (1990).,bib67,no 3267-speaker_number-3,3267,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 3267-speakers-3,3267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""190"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (speakers), 2009 (ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -3267-speaker_number-4,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3267-speakers-4,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3267-speaker_number-5,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -3267-speakers-5,3267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +3267-speaker_number-4,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3267-speakers-4,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3267-speaker_number-5,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +3267-speakers-5,3267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 3267-speaker_number-6,3267,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3267-speakers-6,3267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3267-speaker_number-7,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -3267-speakers-7,3267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""165"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2008), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no -3267-LEI-1,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes -3267-vitality-1,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes +3267-speaker_number-7,3267,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +3267-speakers-7,3267,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""165"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2008), ethnic population (2006)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no +3267-LEI-1,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes +3267-vitality-1,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""still being transferred to the younger generations, but having less than 50 speakers"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes 3267-LEI-2,3267,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3267-vitality-2,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3267-LEI-3,3267,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3267-transmission-3,3267,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 3267-vitality-3,3267,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib70,no -3267-LEI-4,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3267-vitality-4,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3267-LEI-5,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3267-vitality-5,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3267-LEI-4,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3267-vitality-4,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3267-LEI-5,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3267-vitality-5,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3267-LEI-6,3267,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3267-vitality-6,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3267-LEI-7,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3267-vitality-7,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3269-context-1,3269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6474,yes -3269-location-1,3269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0579, -0.5493]]}",,,bib5307,no -3269-location-2,3269,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Poitou-Charentes and in the department of Vend\u00e9e in the Pays de la Loire region as well as in northern Gironde in the Aquitaine region.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3269-LEI-1,3269,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3269-transmission-1,3269,transmission,5,transmission-5,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3269-speaker_number_trends-1,3269,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3269-vitality-1,3269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes +3267-LEI-7,3267,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3267-vitality-7,3267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3269-context-1,3269,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6498,yes +3269-location-1,3269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0579, -0.5493]]}",,,bib5330,no +3269-location-2,3269,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Poitou-Charentes and in the department of Vend\u00e9e in the Pays de la Loire region as well as in northern Gironde in the Aquitaine region.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3269-LEI-1,3269,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3269-transmission-1,3269,transmission,5,transmission-5,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3269-speaker_number_trends-1,3269,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3269-vitality-1,3269,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Very few if any children learn the language. Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes 3271-context-1,3271,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese [por]""}",,Munku group intermarries with other groups. Also use Portuguese [por].,bib69,no -3271-location-1,3271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5331, -59.5019]]}",,,bib5307,no +3271-location-1,3271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.5331, -59.5019]]}",,,bib5330,no 3271-location-2,3271,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, headwaters of the Rio Cravari, tributary of the Rio Sangue, which is a tributary of the Rio Juruena.""}",,,bib69,no -3271-location-3,3271,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, western Mato Grosso, Brasnorte Municipality, Terra Indigena Manoki in the Cravari River area and Terra Indigena Umutina on the banks of the Papagaio River; Diamantino Municipality, Terra Indigena Menku.""}",,,bib1903,yes +3271-location-3,3271,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Brazil, western Mato Grosso, Brasnorte Municipality, Terra Indigena Manoki in the Cravari River area and Terra Indigena Umutina on the banks of the Papagaio River; Diamantino Municipality, Terra Indigena Menku.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3271-location-4,3271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0, -58.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3271-speaker_number-1,3271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3271-speakers-1,3271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3271-speaker_number-1,3271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3271-speakers-1,3271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3271-speaker_number-2,3271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,speaker numbers from (2010 SIL); ethnic population from (2006 ISA).,bib69,no 3271-speakers-2,3271,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,speaker numbers from (2010 SIL); ethnic population from (2006 ISA).,bib69,no -3271-speaker_number-3,3271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This includes the Iranxe and a Iranxe subgroup called Myky.,bib1903,yes -3271-speakers-3,3271,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""326"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""326"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This includes the Iranxe and a Iranxe subgroup called Myky.,bib1903,yes +3271-speaker_number-3,3271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This includes the Iranxe and a Iranxe subgroup called Myky.,bib1915,yes +3271-speakers-3,3271,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""326"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""326"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This includes the Iranxe and a Iranxe subgroup called Myky.,bib1915,yes 3271-speaker_number-4,3271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3271-speakers-4,3271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""191"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3271-LEI-1,3271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3271-vitality-1,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3271-LEI-1,3271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3271-vitality-1,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3271-LEI-2,3271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Weak use.,bib69,no 3271-vitality-2,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Weak use.,bib69,no -3271-LEI-3,3271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -3271-vitality-3,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +3271-LEI-3,3271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +3271-vitality-3,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 3271-LEI-4,3271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3271-vitality-4,3271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3272-context-1,3272,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""Formal recognition by the Peruvian government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""They value their language as a representation of their past but not their future, having no expectation of revitalization. They take pride in recognition from the Peruvian government and the recently developed orthography, but don't use it themselves and are illiterate in I\u00f1apari.""}",,Extreme language shift of Iñapari and other regional Indigenous languages towards Spanish.,bib6345,yes -3272-location-1,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Village of Sabaluyoc along the Las Piedras River in the department of Madre de Dios in Peru""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.319931, -69.272822]]}",,,bib6345,yes -3272-location-2,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the department of Madre de Dios, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +3272-context-1,3272,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""Formal recognition by the Peruvian government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""They value their language as a representation of their past but not their future, having no expectation of revitalization. They take pride in recognition from the Peruvian government and the recently developed orthography, but don't use it themselves and are illiterate in I\u00f1apari.""}",,Extreme language shift of Iñapari and other regional Indigenous languages towards Spanish.,bib6369,yes +3272-location-1,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Village of Sabaluyoc along the Las Piedras River in the department of Madre de Dios in Peru""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.319931, -69.272822]]}",,,bib6369,yes +3272-location-2,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the department of Madre de Dios, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 3272-location-3,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Madre de Dios Region, Piedras River, mouth of Sabaluyo, near Puerto Maldonado.",bib67,no -3272-location-4,3272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -69.7412]]}",,,bib5307,no -3272-location-5,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Madre de Dios, on the Piedras River, near to Puerto Maldonado.""}",,,bib1903,no -3272-speaker_number-1,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6345,yes -3272-speakers-1,3272,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 (4 siblings & their 1 uncle)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,,bib6345,yes +3272-location-4,3272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0822, -69.7412]]}",,,bib5330,no +3272-location-5,3272,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Madre de Dios, on the Piedras River, near to Puerto Maldonado.""}",,,bib1915,no +3272-speaker_number-1,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6369,yes +3272-speakers-1,3272,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5 (4 siblings & their 1 uncle)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,,bib6369,yes 3272-speaker_number-2,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(2016 unchanged.),bib67,no 3272-speakers-2,3272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(2016 unchanged.),bib67,no -3272-speaker_number-3,3272,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3272-speakers-3,3272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3272-speaker_number-4,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -3272-speakers-4,3272,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +3272-speaker_number-3,3272,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3272-speakers-3,3272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3272-speaker_number-4,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +3272-speakers-4,3272,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""45"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 3272-speaker_number-5,3272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3272-speakers-5,3272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3272-LEI-1,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6345,yes -3272-transmission-1,3272,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6345,yes -3272-domains_of_use-1,3272,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6345,yes -3272-speaker_number_trends-1,3272,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6345,yes -3272-vitality-1,3272,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6345,yes +3272-LEI-1,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6369,yes +3272-transmission-1,3272,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6369,yes +3272-domains_of_use-1,3272,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6369,yes +3272-speaker_number_trends-1,3272,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6369,yes +3272-vitality-1,3272,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The four siblings speak the language with each other, but not otherwise. It is no longer connected to any cultural behaviors or social practices.",bib6369,yes 3272-LEI-2,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3272-vitality-2,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3272-LEI-3,3272,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3272-vitality-3,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3272-LEI-4,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3272-vitality-4,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3272-LEI-3,3272,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3272-vitality-3,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3272-LEI-4,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3272-vitality-4,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3272-LEI-5,3272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3272-vitality-5,3272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3273-location-1,3273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.2013, 7.8662]]}",,,bib5307,no -3273-location-2,3273,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Piedmont Region except the Novara Province, the western Alpine valleys and southern border areas, as well as in the border area of Savona Province in Liguria.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3273-location-1,3273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.2013, 7.8662]]}",,,bib5330,no +3273-location-2,3273,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Piedmont Region except the Novara Province, the western Alpine valleys and southern border areas, as well as in the border area of Savona Province in Liguria.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3273-location-3,3273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0, 7.66666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3273-location-4,3273,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Australia"", ""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -3273-speaker_number-1,3273,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3273-speakers-1,3273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3273-speaker_number-2,3273,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3273-speakers-2,3273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3273-speaker_number-1,3273,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3273-speakers-1,3273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3273-speaker_number-2,3273,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3273-speakers-2,3273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3273-speaker_number-3,3273,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3273-speakers-3,3273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,106,620"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3273-LEI-1,3273,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3273-vitality-1,3273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3273-LEI-2,3273,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6474,yes -3273-transmission-2,3273,transmission,1,transmission-1,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6474,yes -3273-speaker_number_trends-2,3273,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6474,yes -3273-vitality-2,3273,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6474,yes +3273-LEI-1,3273,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3273-vitality-1,3273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3273-LEI-2,3273,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6498,yes +3273-transmission-2,3273,transmission,1,transmission-1,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6498,yes +3273-speaker_number_trends-2,3273,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6498,yes +3273-vitality-2,3273,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The use of Piedmontese has diminished drastically particularly in towns and among the young.,bib6498,yes 3273-LEI-3,3273,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3273-vitality-3,3273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3274-context-1,3274,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,no @@ -35157,102 +35343,102 @@ of the official number of 65,000 speakers use the language actively.",bib6474,no In Peru: Loreto region: Napo River area, communities on the Putumayo; Madre de Dios region: small enclave east. In Colombia: Putumayo River.",bib70,no -3274-location-4,3274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.3511, -78.6511]]}",,,bib5307,no -3274-location-5,3274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.996959, -77.814102]]}",,,bib5462,no -3274-location-6,3274,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Putumayo, Sibundoy, Yunguillo, and Condagua valleys; Department of Narino, Aponte; on the Upper Caqueta and\nPutumayo rivers.""}",,,bib1903,yes +3274-location-4,3274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.3511, -78.6511]]}",,,bib5330,no +3274-location-5,3274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.996959, -77.814102]]}",,,bib5485,no +3274-location-6,3274,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, Department of Putumayo, Sibundoy, Yunguillo, and Condagua valleys; Department of Narino, Aponte; on the Upper Caqueta and\nPutumayo rivers.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3274-speaker_number-1,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib71,no 3274-speakers-1,3274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib71,no 3274-speaker_number-2,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,000 in Peru.",bib67,no 3274-speakers-2,3274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"8,000 in Peru.",bib67,no 3274-speaker_number-3,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,000 in Ecuador; 10,000 in Peru, undetermined number in Colombia.",bib70,no 3274-speakers-3,3274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,000 in Ecuador; 10,000 in Peru, undetermined number in Colombia.",bib70,no -3274-speaker_number-4,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1903,yes -3274-speakers-4,3274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,855"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~17,855?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1903,yes +3274-speaker_number-4,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1915,yes +3274-speakers-4,3274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,855"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~17,855?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1915,yes 3274-speaker_number-5,3274,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3274-speakers-5,3274,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3274-speaker_number-6,3274,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Quichua (Cañar, Azuay, Cotopaxo,Tungurahua, Chimborazo,Imbabura, Loza, Napo, Pastaza, and Salasaca dialects): 451,783 speakers, ethnic population 408,395 (in Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, and Chile).",bib1902,no -3274-speakers-6,3274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""408,395"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""451,783"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Quichua (Cañar, Azuay, Cotopaxo,Tungurahua, Chimborazo,Imbabura, Loza, Napo, Pastaza, and Salasaca dialects): 451,783 speakers, ethnic population 408,395 (in Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, and Chile).",bib1902,no +3274-speaker_number-6,3274,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Quichua (Cañar, Azuay, Cotopaxo,Tungurahua, Chimborazo,Imbabura, Loza, Napo, Pastaza, and Salasaca dialects): 451,783 speakers, ethnic population 408,395 (in Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, and Chile).",bib1914,no +3274-speakers-6,3274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""408,395"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""451,783"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Quichua (Cañar, Azuay, Cotopaxo,Tungurahua, Chimborazo,Imbabura, Loza, Napo, Pastaza, and Salasaca dialects): 451,783 speakers, ethnic population 408,395 (in Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, and Chile).",bib1914,no 3274-LEI-1,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib71,no 3274-vitality-1,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib71,no 3274-LEI-2,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3274-vitality-2,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3274-LEI-3,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3274-vitality-3,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3274-LEI-4,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -3274-vitality-4,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +3274-LEI-4,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +3274-vitality-4,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 3274-LEI-5,3274,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3274-vitality-5,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3274-LEI-6,3274,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3274-vitality-6,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3274-LEI-6,3274,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3274-vitality-6,3274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3275-location-1,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.166666666667, -69.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3275-location-2,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no -3275-location-3,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"in the Vaupés region of northwest Amazonia, located on the border of Brazil and Colombia.",bib2487,yes -3275-location-4,3275,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.3845, -70.1367]]}",,,bib5307,no -3275-location-5,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Amazonas, Colombian\u2013Brazilan border area, where the Taraira flows into the Apaporis""}",,,bib1903,no -3275-location-6,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +3275-location-3,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"in the Vaupés region of northwest Amazonia, located on the border of Brazil and Colombia.",bib2500,yes +3275-location-4,3275,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.3845, -70.1367]]}",,,bib5330,no +3275-location-5,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Amazonas, Colombian\u2013Brazilan border area, where the Taraira flows into the Apaporis""}",,,bib1915,no +3275-location-6,3275,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 3275-speaker_number-1,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,210 in Brazil (1995 SIL). Population total all countries: 1,360.",bib67,no 3275-speakers-1,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995 in Brazil"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,210 in Brazil (1995 SIL). Population total all countries: 1,360.",bib67,no -3275-speaker_number-2,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2487,yes -3275-speakers-2,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2487,yes -3275-speaker_number-3,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3275-speakers-3,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3275-speaker_number-4,3275,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -3275-speakers-4,3275,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""235"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""235"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +3275-speaker_number-2,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2500,yes +3275-speakers-2,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2500,yes +3275-speaker_number-3,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3275-speakers-3,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3275-speaker_number-4,3275,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +3275-speakers-4,3275,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""235"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""235"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 3275-speaker_number-5,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3275-speakers-5,3275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,358"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3275-speaker_number-6,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1500 speakers in Brazil and 235 speakers in Colombia.,bib1902,no -3275-speakers-6,3275,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1785"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,785"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1500 speakers in Brazil and 235 speakers in Colombia.,bib1902,no +3275-speaker_number-6,3275,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1500 speakers in Brazil and 235 speakers in Colombia.,bib1914,no +3275-speakers-6,3275,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1785"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,785"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1500 speakers in Brazil and 235 speakers in Colombia.,bib1914,no 3275-LEI-1,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3275-vitality-1,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3275-LEI-2,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2487,yes -3275-vitality-2,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2487,yes -3275-LEI-3,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3275-vitality-3,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3275-LEI-4,3275,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -3275-vitality-4,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +3275-LEI-2,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2500,yes +3275-vitality-2,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2500,yes +3275-LEI-3,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3275-vitality-3,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3275-LEI-4,3275,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +3275-vitality-4,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 3275-LEI-5,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3275-vitality-5,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3275-LEI-6,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3275-vitality-6,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -3276-location-1,3276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.2331, 2.7905]]}",,,bib5307,no -3276-location-2,3276,location,"{""Places"": [""France, Belgium""], ""Description"": ""In France, Picard is spoken in the regions of Picardy (Picardie) and Nord-\nPas-de-Calais by a small but notable portion of the population. In Belgium, it is spoken in the area extending from Tournai to Mons in the western part of the province of Hainaut.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3275-LEI-6,3275,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3275-vitality-6,3275,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +3276-location-1,3276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.2331, 2.7905]]}",,,bib5330,no +3276-location-2,3276,location,"{""Places"": [""France, Belgium""], ""Description"": ""In France, Picard is spoken in the regions of Picardy (Picardie) and Nord-\nPas-de-Calais by a small but notable portion of the population. In Belgium, it is spoken in the area extending from Tournai to Mons in the western part of the province of Hainaut.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3276-location-3,3276,location,"{""Places"": [""Belgium"", ""France""]}",,,bib67,no -3276-speaker_number-1,3276,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3276-speakers-1,3276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3276-speaker_number-2,3276,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3276-speakers-2,3276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3276-speaker_number-1,3276,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3276-speakers-1,3276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3276-speaker_number-2,3276,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3276-speakers-2,3276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3276-speakers-3,3276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -3276-LEI-1,3276,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3276-vitality-1,3276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3276-LEI-1,3276,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3276-vitality-1,3276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3276-LEI-2,3276,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few children learn the language, and the future of Picard seems slightly less bleak than that of other Oi'l languages of -France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes +France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6498,yes 3276-transmission-2,3276,transmission,1,transmission-1,"A few children learn the language, and the future of Picard seems slightly less bleak than that of other Oi'l languages of -France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes +France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6498,yes 3276-vitality-2,3276,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"A few children learn the language, and the future of Picard seems slightly less bleak than that of other Oi'l languages of -France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes -3277-context-1,3277,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speak Spanish as a first language.""}",,,bib1903,yes +France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6498,yes +3277-context-1,3277,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speak Spanish as a first language.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3277-context-2,3277,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Most of the ethnic group speaks Spanish [spa] as L1. Some youth using the language in rap music. Few domains. Older adults.,bib67,no -3277-location-1,3277,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-40.4803, -73.5424]]}",,,bib5307,no -3277-location-2,3277,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Chile, X Region (south of the Mapuche), from Valdivia to Chiloe, mountain valleys, San Juan de la Costa area in the Province of Osorno.""}",,,bib1903,yes +3277-location-1,3277,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-40.4803, -73.5424]]}",,,bib5330,no +3277-location-2,3277,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Chile, X Region (south of the Mapuche), from Valdivia to Chiloe, mountain valleys, San Juan de la Costa area in the Province of Osorno.""}",,,bib1915,yes 3277-location-3,3277,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""], ""Description"": ""South of Mapuche, Tenth region, Valdivia to Chilo\u00e9.""}",,"South of Mapuche, Tenth region, Valdivia to Chiloé.",bib67,no -3277-speaker_number-1,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3277-speakers-1,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3277-speaker_number-2,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,yes -3277-speakers-2,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,yes +3277-speaker_number-1,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3277-speakers-1,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3277-speaker_number-2,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,yes +3277-speakers-2,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,yes 3277-speaker_number-3,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3277-speakers-3,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3277-speaker_number-4,3277,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 (1982 SIL). Ethnic population: 17,000. On the outer Island of Cholé. (2016 unchanged.)",bib67,no 3277-speakers-4,3277,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 (1982 SIL). Ethnic population: 17,000. On the outer Island of Cholé. (2016 unchanged.)",bib67,no -3277-LEI-1,3277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3277-vitality-1,3277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3277-LEI-2,3277,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1903,yes -3277-domains_of_use-2,3277,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1903,yes -3277-vitality-2,3277,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1903,yes +3277-LEI-1,3277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3277-vitality-1,3277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3277-LEI-2,3277,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1915,yes +3277-domains_of_use-2,3277,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1915,yes +3277-vitality-2,3277,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Huilliche is mainly used among friends and for ceremonial purposes. Most speakers are over sixty years old.,bib1915,yes 3277-LEI-3,3277,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3277-vitality-3,3277,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3277-LEI-4,3277,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most of the ethnic group speaks Spanish [spa] as L1. Some youth using the language in rap music. Few domains. Older adults.,bib67,no @@ -35260,430 +35446,430 @@ France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes 3277-domains_of_use-4,3277,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most of the ethnic group speaks Spanish [spa] as L1. Some youth using the language in rap music. Few domains. Older adults.,bib67,no 3277-speaker_number_trends-4,3277,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Most of the ethnic group speaks Spanish [spa] as L1. Some youth using the language in rap music. Few domains. Older adults.,bib67,no 3277-vitality-4,3277,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most of the ethnic group speaks Spanish [spa] as L1. Some youth using the language in rap music. Few domains. Older adults.,bib67,no -3278-location-1,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Condorcanqui Province (Amazonas Region) and Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Province (Loreto Region), in Peru; there is also an immigrant population of speakers in the region of Cajamarca.""}",,,bib8124,no +3278-location-1,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Condorcanqui Province (Amazonas Region) and Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Province (Loreto Region), in Peru; there is also an immigrant population of speakers in the region of Cajamarca.""}",,,bib8149,no 3278-location-2,3278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0, -78.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3278-location-3,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Morona and Santiago rivers.""}",,"North, Amazonas and Loreto regions; high jungle of the Andes along Morona and Santiago rivers.",bib67,no -3278-location-4,3278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4476, -77.7941]]}",,,bib5307,no -3278-location-5,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""north, in the high jungle on the spurs of the Andes, along the Santiago and Morona rivers""}",,,bib1903,no -3278-location-6,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3278-location-4,3278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4476, -77.7941]]}",,,bib5330,no +3278-location-5,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""north, in the high jungle on the spurs of the Andes, along the Santiago and Morona rivers""}",,,bib1915,no +3278-location-6,3278,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3278-speaker_number-1,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 3278-speakers-1,3278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -3278-speaker_number-2,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3278-speakers-2,3278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3278-speaker_number-3,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -3278-speakers-3,3278,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +3278-speaker_number-2,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3278-speakers-2,3278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3278-speaker_number-3,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +3278-speakers-3,3278,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 3278-speaker_number-4,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3278-speakers-4,3278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,333"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3278-speaker_number-5,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3278-speakers-5,3278,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3278-speaker_number-5,3278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3278-speakers-5,3278,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3278-LEI-1,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3278-vitality-1,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3278-LEI-2,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3278-vitality-2,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3278-LEI-3,3278,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1903,no -3278-transmission-3,3278,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1903,no -3278-speaker_number_trends-3,3278,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1903,no -3278-vitality-3,3278,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1903,no +3278-LEI-2,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3278-vitality-2,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3278-LEI-3,3278,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1915,no +3278-transmission-3,3278,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1915,no +3278-speaker_number_trends-3,3278,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1915,no +3278-vitality-3,3278,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most children learn the language. Church and community meetings usually take place in Huambisa and some texts and a bilingual vocabulary are available for bilingual education.,bib1915,no 3278-LEI-4,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3278-vitality-4,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3278-LEI-5,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3278-vitality-5,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -3279-location-1,3279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0348, 57.536]]}",,,bib5307,no -3279-location-2,3279,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Permyak Komi Autonomous District and the adjacent parts of Kirov (Vyatka) and Perm\u2019 provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3278-LEI-5,3278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3278-vitality-5,3278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +3279-location-1,3279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0348, 57.536]]}",,,bib5330,no +3279-location-2,3279,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Permyak Komi Autonomous District and the adjacent parts of Kirov (Vyatka) and Perm\u2019 provinces in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3279-location-3,3279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.5, 54.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3279-location-4,3279,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3279-speaker_number-1,3279,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3279-speakers-1,3279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94,328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3279-speaker_number-2,3279,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3279-speakers-2,3279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3279-speaker_number-1,3279,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3279-speakers-1,3279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94,328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3279-speaker_number-2,3279,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3279-speakers-2,3279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3279-speaker_number-3,3279,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3279-speakers-3,3279,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""116,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3279-speaker_number-4,3279,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"94,300 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 125,235.",bib67,no 3279-speakers-4,3279,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125,235"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""94,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"94,300 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 125,235.",bib67,no -3279-LEI-1,3279,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3279-vitality-1,3279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3279-LEI-2,3279,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6474,yes -3279-transmission-2,3279,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6474,yes -3279-vitality-2,3279,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6474,yes +3279-LEI-1,3279,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3279-vitality-1,3279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3279-LEI-2,3279,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6498,yes +3279-transmission-2,3279,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6498,yes +3279-vitality-2,3279,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Quite a lot of children learn the language, but only in remote rural areas do they tend to continue to use the language in adulthood.",bib6498,yes 3279-LEI-3,3279,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3279-vitality-3,3279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3279-LEI-4,3279,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3279-vitality-4,3279,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3280-location-1,3280,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0348, 57.536]]}",,,bib5307,no -3280-location-2,3280,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Yaz\u2019va Valley in Krasnovishera County in northeastern Perm\u2019 Province.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3280-speaker_number-1,3280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -3280-speakers-1,3280,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes -3280-LEI-1,3280,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3280-transmission-1,3280,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,yes -3280-domains_of_use-1,3280,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6474,yes -3280-speaker_number_trends-1,3280,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,yes -3280-vitality-1,3280,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,yes -3281-location-1,3281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.1273, 32.8765]]}",,,bib5307,no -3281-location-2,3281,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Finland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of Lake Ladoga in the southwest of the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation in an area which includes Olonets County (except the eastern corner), the western parts of Pryazha County and the southwestern part of Kondopoga County. In Finland, Olonetsian is spoken by people evacuated, in 1940 and 1944, from former Finnish territories north of Lake Ladoga including Salmi and Impilahti counties, currently the eastern parts of\nPitkyaranta (Pitka\u00a8ranta) County and the southern corner of Suoyarvi (Suoja\u00a8rvi) County in the Republic of Karelia.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3280-location-1,3280,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0348, 57.536]]}",,,bib5330,no +3280-location-2,3280,location,"{""Places"": [""East-central Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Yaz\u2019va Valley in Krasnovishera County in northeastern Perm\u2019 Province.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3280-speaker_number-1,3280,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +3280-speakers-1,3280,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes +3280-LEI-1,3280,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3280-transmission-1,3280,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,yes +3280-domains_of_use-1,3280,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6498,yes +3280-speaker_number_trends-1,3280,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,yes +3280-vitality-1,3280,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,yes +3281-location-1,3281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.1273, 32.8765]]}",,,bib5330,no +3281-location-2,3281,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Finland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken northeast of Lake Ladoga in the southwest of the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation in an area which includes Olonets County (except the eastern corner), the western parts of Pryazha County and the southwestern part of Kondopoga County. In Finland, Olonetsian is spoken by people evacuated, in 1940 and 1944, from former Finnish territories north of Lake Ladoga including Salmi and Impilahti counties, currently the eastern parts of\nPitkyaranta (Pitka\u00a8ranta) County and the southern corner of Suoyarvi (Suoja\u00a8rvi) County in the Republic of Karelia.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3281-location-3,3281,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3281-speaker_number-1,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3281-speakers-1,3281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3281-speaker_number-2,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3281-speakers-2,3281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~27,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3281-speaker_number-1,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3281-speakers-1,3281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3281-speaker_number-2,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3281-speakers-2,3281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~27,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3281-speaker_number-3,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3281-speakers-3,3281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3281-speaker_number-4,3281,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,100 in Russian Federation (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 19,270. Ethnic population: 65,000.",bib67,no 3281-speakers-4,3281,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""65,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,100 in Russian Federation (2000 WCD). Population total all countries: 19,270. Ethnic population: 65,000.",bib67,no -3281-LEI-1,3281,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3281-vitality-1,3281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3281-LEI-2,3281,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6474,yes -3281-transmission-2,3281,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6474,yes -3281-domains_of_use-2,3281,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6474,yes -3281-vitality-2,3281,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6474,yes +3281-LEI-1,3281,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3281-vitality-1,3281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3281-LEI-2,3281,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6498,yes +3281-transmission-2,3281,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6498,yes +3281-domains_of_use-2,3281,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6498,yes +3281-vitality-2,3281,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A few children in Russia learn the language, but most if not all of them become more fluent in Russian and largely stop using Olonetsian later in life. In Finland, there are a few thousand speakers, all elderly, and even those who are fluent in Olonetsian use mostly Finnish.",bib6498,yes 3281-LEI-3,3281,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3281-vitality-3,3281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3281-LEI-4,3281,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3281-vitality-4,3281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3282-context-1,3282,context,"{""Government Support"": ""official status in Finnmark Province""}",,,bib6474,no -3282-context-3,3282,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Meankieli, Kven,"", ""Government Support"": ""Saami Parliaments in Norway, Sweden, Finland have limited degree of political influence in matters of Saami culture and livelihoods"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Saamic languages are officially recognized, with legal support to use the language with authorities and in schools. Adult speakers are bi- or multilingual; lexical borrowings and code-switching are common. North Saami are minorities in their communities, but their attitude toward the language is overwhelmingly positive and several revitalizations are ongoing. Resources include radio & TV broadcasts, literature, and two Bible translations.""}",,,bib4086,yes -3282-context-4,3282,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kven, Finnish, Swedish"", ""Government Support"": ""S\u00e1mi Parliament in Norway"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The negative attitudes towards the S\u00e1mi languages, which arose in the era of Norwegianisation and were also transmitted among the S\u00e1mi themselves, partly still exist. Gradually however, the attitudes among the S\u00e1mi people have changed to a more positive direction and in some regions linguistic revitalisation has taken place, and the prestige and social status of the S\u00e1mi language has grown.""}",,"""In 1988 the Norwegian Parliament, adopted an amendment, Section 110 A, to the Norwegian constitution. This amendment states that the Norwegian state has the duty and responsibility to provide and ensure the conditions for the Sámi people to preserve and develop their culture, language and way of life. According to the Sámi Act the Norwegian and Sámi language have equal status, which in practice means the area of, Sámegiela hálddášanguovlu ‘the Administration Area for Sámi language’.",bib4918,no +3282-context-1,3282,context,"{""Government Support"": ""official status in Finnmark Province""}",,,bib6498,no +3282-context-3,3282,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Meankieli, Kven,"", ""Government Support"": ""Saami Parliaments in Norway, Sweden, Finland have limited degree of political influence in matters of Saami culture and livelihoods"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Saamic languages are officially recognized, with legal support to use the language with authorities and in schools. Adult speakers are bi- or multilingual; lexical borrowings and code-switching are common. North Saami are minorities in their communities, but their attitude toward the language is overwhelmingly positive and several revitalizations are ongoing. Resources include radio & TV broadcasts, literature, and two Bible translations.""}",,,bib4106,yes +3282-context-4,3282,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kven, Finnish, Swedish"", ""Government Support"": ""S\u00e1mi Parliament in Norway"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The negative attitudes towards the S\u00e1mi languages, which arose in the era of Norwegianisation and were also transmitted among the S\u00e1mi themselves, partly still exist. Gradually however, the attitudes among the S\u00e1mi people have changed to a more positive direction and in some regions linguistic revitalisation has taken place, and the prestige and social status of the S\u00e1mi language has grown.""}",,"""In 1988 the Norwegian Parliament, adopted an amendment, Section 110 A, to the Norwegian constitution. This amendment states that the Norwegian state has the duty and responsibility to provide and ensure the conditions for the Sámi people to preserve and develop their culture, language and way of life. According to the Sámi Act the Norwegian and Sámi language have equal status, which in practice means the area of, Sámegiela hálddášanguovlu ‘the Administration Area for Sámi language’.",bib4940,no 3282-context-5,3282,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Norwegian [nor]""], ""Government Support"": ""Statutory provincial language in Sami Administrative District (1987, Sami Act, No. 12, Article 3)""}",,,bib69,no -3282-location-1,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in most parts of Finnmark and\nTroms provinces and in the northernmost corner of Nordland Province in Norway, in Kiruna and Pajala counties and parts of Ga\u00a8llivare and other adjacent counties in Norrbotten Province (Torne Lappmark) as well as, because of resettlements in the twentieth century, also in more southerly regions in Sweden, and in Utsjoki and Enontekio counties, western parts of Inari County, and Vuotso region of Sodankyla County in Lapland Province in Finland. Formerly extended to Petsamo region in Murmansk Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,no +3282-location-1,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in most parts of Finnmark and\nTroms provinces and in the northernmost corner of Nordland Province in Norway, in Kiruna and Pajala counties and parts of Ga\u00a8llivare and other adjacent counties in Norrbotten Province (Torne Lappmark) as well as, because of resettlements in the twentieth century, also in more southerly regions in Sweden, and in Utsjoki and Enontekio counties, western parts of Inari County, and Vuotso region of Sodankyla County in Lapland Province in Finland. Formerly extended to Petsamo region in Murmansk Province in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,no 3282-location-2,3282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[69.0, 24.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3282-location-3,3282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.9099, 22.9394]]}",,,bib5307,no -3282-location-4,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Giron (Kiruna) and Jiellev\u00e1rri/V\u00e1h\u010dir (G\u00e4llivare) municipalities in Sweden"", ""Romsa ja Finnm\u00e1rku (Troms og Finnmark), and Nordl\u00e1nda (Nordland) counties in Norway"", ""Kola Peninsula of northwestern Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[67.5113, 20.1523], [69.5213, 23.406], [67.1805, 37.3256]]}",,,bib4086,yes -3282-location-5,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Norway"", ""Sweden"", ""Finland"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The North S\u00e1mi are in the majority in the following municipalities in Norway: Guovdageaidnu (in Norwegian Kautokeino), K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka (Karasjok), Deatnu (Tana) and Unj\u00e1rga (Nesseby). The municipalities of Pors\u00e1\u014bgu (Porsang) and G\u00e1ivuotna (K\u00e5fjord) also have a noticeable concentration of North S\u00e1mi people. In addition North S\u00e1mi speakers live outside the central North S\u00e1mi speaking area, especially in the cities.""}",,,bib4918,no +3282-location-3,3282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.9099, 22.9394]]}",,,bib5330,no +3282-location-4,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Giron (Kiruna) and Jiellev\u00e1rri/V\u00e1h\u010dir (G\u00e4llivare) municipalities in Sweden"", ""Romsa ja Finnm\u00e1rku (Troms og Finnmark), and Nordl\u00e1nda (Nordland) counties in Norway"", ""Kola Peninsula of northwestern Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[67.5113, 20.1523], [69.5213, 23.406], [67.1805, 37.3256]]}",,,bib4106,yes +3282-location-5,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Norway"", ""Sweden"", ""Finland"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The North S\u00e1mi are in the majority in the following municipalities in Norway: Guovdageaidnu (in Norwegian Kautokeino), K\u00e1r\u00e1\u0161johka (Karasjok), Deatnu (Tana) and Unj\u00e1rga (Nesseby). The municipalities of Pors\u00e1\u014bgu (Porsang) and G\u00e1ivuotna (K\u00e5fjord) also have a noticeable concentration of North S\u00e1mi people. In addition North S\u00e1mi speakers live outside the central North S\u00e1mi speaking area, especially in the cities.""}",,,bib4940,no 3282-location-6,3282,location,"{""Places"": [""Norway""], ""Description"": ""Finnmark, Troms counties; Nordland county: Ofoten.""}",,,bib69,no -3282-speaker_number-1,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,no -3282-speakers-1,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,no -3282-speakers-2,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500-2000 in Finland, 5-7000 in Sweden, 20-23000 in Norway""}",,,bib6142,no -3282-speaker_number-3,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3282-speakers-3,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3282-speaker_number-4,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4086,yes -3282-speakers-4,3282,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""About 25,700 total: 20,000 in Norway, 4,000 in Sweden, 1,700 in Finland"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4086,yes +3282-speaker_number-1,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,no +3282-speakers-1,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,no +3282-speakers-2,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500-2000 in Finland, 5-7000 in Sweden, 20-23000 in Norway""}",,,bib6166,no +3282-speaker_number-3,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3282-speakers-3,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3282-speaker_number-4,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4106,yes +3282-speakers-4,3282,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""About 25,700 total: 20,000 in Norway, 4,000 in Sweden, 1,700 in Finland"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4106,yes 3282-speaker_number-5,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3282-speakers-5,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3282-speaker_number-6,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There is no register of ethnic affiliation in Norway, neither is there an official register of speakers of different Sámi languages. Therefore, the estimations on the total number of North Sámi speakers in Norway varies from 10,000 (Sammallahti 1998: 1) to 25,000 (Sametinget 2005). The number of North Sámi speakers in Sweden is estimated to be about 5000, and in Finland from about 2000 (Sammallahti 1998:1).",bib4918,no -3282-speakers-6,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 17,000 - 32,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998, 2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There is no register of ethnic affiliation in Norway, neither is there an official register of speakers of different Sámi languages. Therefore, the estimations on the total number of North Sámi speakers in Norway varies from 10,000 (Sammallahti 1998: 1) to 25,000 (Sametinget 2005). The number of North Sámi speakers in Sweden is estimated to be about 5000, and in Finland from about 2000 (Sammallahti 1998:1).",bib4918,no +3282-speaker_number-6,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There is no register of ethnic affiliation in Norway, neither is there an official register of speakers of different Sámi languages. Therefore, the estimations on the total number of North Sámi speakers in Norway varies from 10,000 (Sammallahti 1998: 1) to 25,000 (Sametinget 2005). The number of North Sámi speakers in Sweden is estimated to be about 5000, and in Finland from about 2000 (Sammallahti 1998:1).",bib4940,no +3282-speakers-6,3282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 17,000 - 32,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998, 2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There is no register of ethnic affiliation in Norway, neither is there an official register of speakers of different Sámi languages. Therefore, the estimations on the total number of North Sámi speakers in Norway varies from 10,000 (Sammallahti 1998: 1) to 25,000 (Sametinget 2005). The number of North Sámi speakers in Sweden is estimated to be about 5000, and in Finland from about 2000 (Sammallahti 1998:1).",bib4940,no 3282-speaker_number-7,3282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"20,000 in Norway (Laakso 2013). Population total all countries: 25,700. Ethnic population: 30,000 (1995 M. Krauss). 30,000–40,000.",bib69,no 3282-speakers-7,3282,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"20,000 in Norway (Laakso 2013). Population total all countries: 25,700. Ethnic population: 30,000 (1995 M. Krauss). 30,000–40,000.",bib69,no -3282-LEI-1,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6474,no -3282-transmission-1,3282,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6474,no -3282-domains_of_use-1,3282,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6474,no -3282-speaker_number_trends-1,3282,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6474,no -3282-vitality-1,3282,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6474,no +3282-LEI-1,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6498,no +3282-transmission-1,3282,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6498,no +3282-domains_of_use-1,3282,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6498,no +3282-speaker_number_trends-1,3282,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6498,no +3282-vitality-1,3282,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the core area in central Finnmark Province, where North Saami has an official status, many children learn the language and are likely to continue to use the language in adulthood, and in the adjacent parts of Sweden and Finland, there are also child speakers.",bib6498,no 3282-LEI-2,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"North Sámi is used in a wide range of domains. It is used in the media, in administration, in churches, in schools and in everyday life. However, the speakers of North Sámi do not have the same opportunities to use North Sámi both inside the Administration Area for Sámi language, and outside the area. In many domains, for example, with authorities, the use of North Sámi is only possible inside the administration area.",bib216,no 3282-domains_of_use-2,3282,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"North Sámi is used in a wide range of domains. It is used in the media, in administration, in churches, in schools and in everyday life. However, the speakers of North Sámi do not have the same opportunities to use North Sámi both inside the Administration Area for Sámi language, and outside the area. In many domains, for example, with authorities, the use of North Sámi is only possible inside the administration area.",bib216,no 3282-vitality-2,3282,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"North Sámi is used in a wide range of domains. It is used in the media, in administration, in churches, in schools and in everyday life. However, the speakers of North Sámi do not have the same opportunities to use North Sámi both inside the Administration Area for Sámi language, and outside the area. In many domains, for example, with authorities, the use of North Sámi is only possible inside the administration area.",bib216,no -3282-LEI-3,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3282-vitality-3,3282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3282-LEI-4,3282,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4086,yes -3282-transmission-4,3282,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib4086,yes -3282-domains_of_use-4,3282,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4086,yes -3282-speaker_number_trends-4,3282,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib4086,yes -3282-vitality-4,3282,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4086,yes +3282-LEI-3,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3282-vitality-3,3282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3282-LEI-4,3282,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4106,yes +3282-transmission-4,3282,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib4106,yes +3282-domains_of_use-4,3282,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4106,yes +3282-speaker_number_trends-4,3282,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib4106,yes +3282-vitality-4,3282,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4106,yes 3282-LEI-5,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3282-vitality-5,3282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3282-LEI-6,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4918,no -3282-vitality-6,3282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4918,no +3282-LEI-6,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4940,no +3282-vitality-6,3282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4940,no 3282-LEI-7,3282,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages.,bib69,no 3282-transmission-7,3282,transmission,0,transmission-0,All ages.,bib69,no 3282-vitality-7,3282,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All ages.,bib69,no -3283-location-1,3283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.7341, 8.7478]]}",,,bib5307,no -3283-location-2,3283,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western coast of Schleswig north of Husum including the Halligen Islands and the adjacent islands of Fo\u00a8hr, Amrum, Sylt, and Helgoland; formerly extended to adjacent Denmark.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3283-location-1,3283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.7341, 8.7478]]}",,,bib5330,no +3283-location-2,3283,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the western coast of Schleswig north of Husum including the Halligen Islands and the adjacent islands of Fo\u00a8hr, Amrum, Sylt, and Helgoland; formerly extended to adjacent Denmark.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3283-location-3,3283,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.5, 9.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3283-location-4,3283,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany""]}",,,bib67,no -3283-speaker_number-1,3283,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3283-speakers-1,3283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3283-speaker_number-2,3283,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3283-speakers-2,3283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3283-speaker_number-1,3283,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3283-speakers-1,3283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3283-speaker_number-2,3283,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3283-speakers-2,3283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3283-speaker_number-3,3283,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3283-speakers-3,3283,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3283-speaker_number-4,3283,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3283-speakers-4,3283,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 (Stephens)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3283-LEI-1,3283,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3283-vitality-1,3283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3283-LEI-2,3283,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6474,yes -3283-transmission-2,3283,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6474,yes -3283-domains_of_use-2,3283,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6474,yes -3283-vitality-2,3283,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6474,yes +3283-LEI-1,3283,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3283-vitality-1,3283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3283-LEI-2,3283,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6498,yes +3283-transmission-2,3283,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6498,yes +3283-domains_of_use-2,3283,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6498,yes +3283-vitality-2,3283,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Language use is most active on western Föhr and in the village of Risum-Lindholm on the mainland. A small number of children learn the language, but few of them continue to use it in adulthood. Most idiolects are heavily influenced by Low Saxon and German.",bib6498,yes 3283-LEI-3,3283,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3283-vitality-3,3283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3283-LEI-4,3283,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3283-vitality-4,3283,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3284-context-1,3284,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6474,yes -3284-location-1,3284,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.081, -0.6591]]}",,,bib5307,no -3284-location-2,3284,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the regions of Upper Normandy (Haute-Normandie) and Lower Normandy (Basse-Normandie) as well as on the Channel Islands.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3284-speaker_number-1,3284,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3284-speakers-1,3284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~11,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes -3284-LEI-1,3284,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3284-transmission-1,3284,transmission,5,transmission-5,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3284-domains_of_use-1,3284,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3284-speaker_number_trends-1,3284,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes -3284-vitality-1,3284,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6474,yes +3284-context-1,3284,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6498,yes +3284-location-1,3284,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.081, -0.6591]]}",,,bib5330,no +3284-location-2,3284,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the regions of Upper Normandy (Haute-Normandie) and Lower Normandy (Basse-Normandie) as well as on the Channel Islands.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3284-speaker_number-1,3284,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3284-speakers-1,3284,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~11,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes +3284-LEI-1,3284,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3284-transmission-1,3284,transmission,5,transmission-5,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3284-domains_of_use-1,3284,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3284-speaker_number_trends-1,3284,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes +3284-vitality-1,3284,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Even the language of the most competent speakers is likely to be heavily influenced by French.,bib6498,yes 3305-context-1,3305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akan""}",,,bib67,no -3305-context-2,3305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Adele; Twi""}",,,bib6944,no -3305-context-3,3305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"The Kwa language Twi (Akan), spoken by many Anyimere as a second language, appears to be becoming increasingly important as a first language for the Anyimere.",bib7615,no -3305-location-1,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, villages of Kecheibi and Kunda""}",,,bib997,yes +3305-context-2,3305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Adele; Twi""}",,,bib6968,no +3305-context-3,3305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"The Kwa language Twi (Akan), spoken by many Anyimere as a second language, appears to be becoming increasingly important as a first language for the Anyimere.",bib7640,no +3305-location-1,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, villages of Kecheibi and Kunda""}",,,bib1001,yes 3305-location-2,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""East central, Kecheibi and Kunda villages, remote.""}",,,bib67,no -3305-location-3,3305,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6129, 0.4064]]}",,,bib5307,no -3305-location-4,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Kecheibi and Kunda villages""}",,,bib6944,no -3305-location-5,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""]}",,,bib7615,no -3305-speaker_number-1,3305,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 35 years old.,bib997,yes -3305-speakers-1,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 35 years old.,bib997,yes +3305-location-3,3305,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6129, 0.4064]]}",,,bib5330,no +3305-location-4,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Kecheibi and Kunda villages""}",,,bib6968,no +3305-location-5,3305,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""]}",,,bib7640,no +3305-speaker_number-1,3305,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 35 years old.,bib1001,yes +3305-speakers-1,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 35 years old.,bib1001,yes 3305-speaker_number-2,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Reported as not being passed on to children.,bib67,no 3305-speakers-2,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Reported as not being passed on to children.,bib67,no -3305-speaker_number-3,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3305-speakers-3,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3305-speaker_number-3,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3305-speakers-3,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3305-speaker_number-4,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3305-speakers-4,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3305-speaker_number-5,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -3305-speakers-5,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -3305-speaker_number-6,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are only a few fluent speakers left of this so-called Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language, all of whom are over forty.",bib7615,no -3305-speakers-6,3305,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are only a few fluent speakers left of this so-called Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language, all of whom are over forty.",bib7615,no -3305-LEI-1,3305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib997,yes -3305-transmission-1,3305,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib997,yes -3305-vitality-1,3305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib997,yes +3305-speaker_number-5,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +3305-speakers-5,3305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +3305-speaker_number-6,3305,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are only a few fluent speakers left of this so-called Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language, all of whom are over forty.",bib7640,no +3305-speakers-6,3305,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are only a few fluent speakers left of this so-called Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language, all of whom are over forty.",bib7640,no +3305-LEI-1,3305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,yes +3305-transmission-1,3305,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1001,yes +3305-vitality-1,3305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1001,yes 3305-LEI-2,3305,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3305-transmission-2,3305,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib67,no 3305-vitality-2,3305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -3305-LEI-3,3305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3305-vitality-3,3305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3305-LEI-3,3305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3305-vitality-3,3305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3305-LEI-4,3305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3305-vitality-4,3305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3305-LEI-5,3305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3305-transmission-5,3305,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6944,no -3305-vitality-5,3305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -3305-LEI-6,3305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used in only a limited set of functional domains.,bib7615,no -3305-vitality-6,3305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is used in only a limited set of functional domains.,bib7615,no +3305-LEI-5,3305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3305-transmission-5,3305,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6968,no +3305-vitality-5,3305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +3305-LEI-6,3305,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is used in only a limited set of functional domains.,bib7640,no +3305-vitality-6,3305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is used in only a limited set of functional domains.,bib7640,no 3307-location-1,3307,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Darling River, Barwon River, Yanda Creek, Bogan River.""}",,,bib67,no -3307-location-2,3307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.27664417, 146.0548388]]}",,,bib1182,no -3307-speaker_number-1,3307,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3307-speakers-1,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3307-location-2,3307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.27664417, 146.0548388]]}",,,bib1191,no +3307-speaker_number-1,3307,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3307-speakers-1,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3307-speaker_number-2,3307,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3307-speakers-2,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3307-speaker_number-3,3307,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3307-speakers-3,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3307-speaker_number-4,3307,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3307-speakers-4,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3307-speaker_number-4,3307,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3307-speakers-4,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3307-speaker_number-5,3307,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3307-speakers-5,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3307-speaker_number-6,3307,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Very few speakers left,bib7937,yes -3307-speakers-6,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Very few speakers left,bib7937,yes -3307-LEI-1,3307,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3307-vitality-1,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3307-speaker_number-6,3307,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Very few speakers left,bib7962,yes +3307-speakers-6,3307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Very few speakers left,bib7962,yes +3307-LEI-1,3307,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3307-vitality-1,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3307-LEI-2,3307,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3307-vitality-2,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3307-LEI-3,3307,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3307-vitality-3,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3307-LEI-4,3307,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3307-vitality-4,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3307-LEI-4,3307,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3307-vitality-4,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3307-LEI-5,3307,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3307-vitality-5,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3307-LEI-6,3307,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3307-vitality-6,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -3308-location-1,3308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.2069978, 124.2149579]]}",,,bib1182,no +3307-LEI-6,3307,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3307-vitality-6,3307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +3308-location-1,3308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.2069978, 124.2149579]]}",,,bib1191,no 3308-speaker_number-1,3308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3308-speakers-1,3308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3308-speaker_number-2,3308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3308-speakers-2,3308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3308-speaker_number-2,3308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3308-speakers-2,3308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3308-speaker_number-3,3308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3308-speakers-3,3308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3308-LEI-1,3308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3308-vitality-1,3308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3308-LEI-2,3308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3308-vitality-2,3308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3308-LEI-2,3308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3308-vitality-2,3308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3308-LEI-3,3308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3308-vitality-3,3308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3309-location-1,3309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0858, -2.2576]]}",,,bib5307,no +3309-location-1,3309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0858, -2.2576]]}",,,bib5330,no 3309-location-2,3309,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""]}",,,bib67,yes -3309-speaker_number-1,3309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3309-speakers-1,3309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3309-speaker_number-1,3309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3309-speakers-1,3309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3309-speaker_number-2,3309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3309-speakers-2,3309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3309-speaker_number-3,3309,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (2003 GILLBT), increasing. Ethnic population: 5,000 in Ghana (2003 GILLBT)",bib67,yes 3309-speakers-3,3309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000 in Ghana"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (2003 GILLBT), increasing. Ethnic population: 5,000 in Ghana (2003 GILLBT)",bib67,yes -3309-LEI-1,3309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3309-vitality-1,3309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3309-LEI-1,3309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3309-vitality-1,3309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3309-LEI-2,3309,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3309-vitality-2,3309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3309-LEI-3,3309,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3309-speaker_number_trends-3,3309,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib67,yes 3309-vitality-3,3309,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -3310-location-1,3310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6538, 30.6298]]}",,,bib5307,no -3310-location-2,3310,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,"Warnang [wárnaŋ], which is also called Werni, is situated approximately 50 kilometers south-south-east of Kologi...",bib6577,no +3310-location-1,3310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6538, 30.6298]]}",,,bib5330,no +3310-location-2,3310,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,"Warnang [wárnaŋ], which is also called Werni, is situated approximately 50 kilometers south-south-east of Kologi...",bib6601,no 3310-location-3,3310,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3310-speaker_number-1,3310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3310-speakers-1,3310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3310-speaker_number-1,3310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3310-speakers-1,3310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3310-speaker_number-2,3310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3310-speakers-2,3310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3310-speaker_number-3,3310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from1956 census.,bib67,yes 3310-speakers-3,3310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1956"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from1956 census.,bib67,yes -3310-LEI-1,3310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3310-vitality-1,3310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3310-LEI-1,3310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3310-vitality-1,3310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3310-LEI-2,3310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3310-vitality-2,3310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3310-LEI-3,3310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3310-vitality-3,3310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3312-location-1,3312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.507736, 131.334011]]}",,,bib7945,no +3312-location-1,3312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.507736, 131.334011]]}",,,bib7970,no 3312-location-2,3312,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3312-speaker_number-1,3312,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3312-speakers-1,3312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3312-speaker_number-2,3312,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3312-speakers-2,3312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3312-speaker_number-2,3312,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3312-speakers-2,3312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3312-speaker_number-3,3312,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3312-speakers-3,3312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3312-LEI-1,3312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3312-vitality-1,3312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3312-LEI-2,3312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3312-transmission-2,3312,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7422,yes -3312-speaker_number_trends-2,3312,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -3312-vitality-2,3312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7422,yes +3312-LEI-2,3312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3312-transmission-2,3312,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7446,yes +3312-speaker_number_trends-2,3312,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +3312-vitality-2,3312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7446,yes 3312-LEI-3,3312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3312-vitality-3,3312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3315-context-1,3315,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Aboriginal English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Some children know a little of the language, but most speak Kriol, Aboriginal English or standard English as their mother tongue.",bib7937,yes +3315-context-1,3315,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Aboriginal English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Some children know a little of the language, but most speak Kriol, Aboriginal English or standard English as their mother tongue.",bib7962,yes 3315-location-1,3315,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3315-location-2,3315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.00496682, 125.5973866]]}",,,bib1182,no -3315-speaker_number-1,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3315-speakers-1,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3315-location-2,3315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.00496682, 125.5973866]]}",,,bib1191,no +3315-speaker_number-1,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3315-speakers-1,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3315-speaker_number-2,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Schmidt 1991),bib67,no 3315-speakers-2,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Schmidt 1991),bib67,no 3315-speaker_number-3,3315,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3315-speakers-3,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3315-speaker_number-4,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3315-speakers-4,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3315-speaker_number-4,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3315-speakers-4,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3315-speaker_number-5,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3315-speakers-5,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3315-speaker_number-6,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -3315-speakers-6,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -3315-LEI-1,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3315-vitality-1,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3315-speaker_number-6,3315,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +3315-speakers-6,3315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +3315-LEI-1,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3315-vitality-1,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3315-LEI-2,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3315-vitality-2,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3315-LEI-3,3315,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3315-vitality-3,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3315-LEI-4,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3315-vitality-4,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3315-LEI-4,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3315-vitality-4,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3315-LEI-5,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3315-vitality-5,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3315-LEI-6,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3315-vitality-6,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -3317-location-1,3317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3311, -1.6973]]}",,,bib5307,no +3315-LEI-6,3315,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3315-vitality-6,3315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +3317-location-1,3317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3311, -1.6973]]}",,,bib5330,no 3317-location-2,3317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.25, -1.58333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3317-location-3,3317,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""]}",,,bib67,yes -3317-speaker_number-1,3317,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3317-speakers-1,3317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3317-speaker_number-1,3317,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3317-speakers-1,3317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3317-speaker_number-2,3317,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3317-speakers-2,3317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3317-speaker_number-3,3317,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,800 (2003 GILLBT), increasing",bib67,yes 3317-speakers-3,3317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,800 (2003 GILLBT), increasing",bib67,yes -3317-LEI-1,3317,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3317-vitality-1,3317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3317-LEI-1,3317,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3317-vitality-1,3317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3317-LEI-2,3317,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3317-vitality-2,3317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3317-LEI-3,3317,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3317-speaker_number_trends-3,3317,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib67,yes 3317-vitality-3,3317,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -3319-context-2,3319,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto""}",,,bib740,no -3319-location-1,3319,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -3319-location-2,3319,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Katarqala, Wotapur""}",,,bib740,no -3319-location-3,3319,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4166, 70.3333]]}",,,bib5307,no +3319-context-2,3319,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto""}",,,bib744,no +3319-location-1,3319,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +3319-location-2,3319,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Katarqala, Wotapur""}",,,bib744,no +3319-location-3,3319,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4166, 70.3333]]}",,,bib5330,no 3319-location-4,3319,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.710061, 70.847314]]}",,,bib75,no 3319-location-5,3319,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Nurestan Province, south of Waigali area, Wotapuri and Katarqalai towns.""}",,,bib69,no -3319-speakers-1,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Probably extinct,bib740,no -3319-speakers-2,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Presumed extinct but may still have semi-speakers, rememberers or speakers remaining.",bib466,yes -3319-speaker_number-3,3319,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3319-speakers-3,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3319-speakers-1,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Probably extinct,bib744,no +3319-speakers-2,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,"Presumed extinct but may still have semi-speakers, rememberers or speakers remaining.",bib468,yes +3319-speaker_number-3,3319,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3319-speakers-3,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3319-speaker_number-4,3319,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3319-speakers-4,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3319-speakers-5,3319,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -3319-LEI-1,3319,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib740,no -3319-vitality-1,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib740,no -3319-LEI-2,3319,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib466,yes -3319-vitality-2,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib466,yes -3319-LEI-3,3319,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3319-vitality-3,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3319-LEI-1,3319,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib744,no +3319-vitality-1,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib744,no +3319-LEI-2,3319,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib468,yes +3319-vitality-2,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib468,yes +3319-LEI-3,3319,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3319-vitality-3,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3319-LEI-4,3319,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3319-vitality-4,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3319-LEI-5,3319,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 3319-vitality-5,3319,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -3321-location-1,3321,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.305522, 166.704867]]}",,,bib7945,no -3321-location-2,3321,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.341, 166.676]]}",,,bib395,yes +3321-location-1,3321,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.305522, 166.704867]]}",,,bib7970,no +3321-location-2,3321,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.341, 166.676]]}",,,bib396,yes 3321-location-3,3321,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 3321-speaker_number-1,3321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3321-speakers-1,3321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3321-speaker_number-2,3321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -3321-speakers-2,3321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes +3321-speaker_number-2,3321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +3321-speakers-2,3321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes 3321-speaker_number-3,3321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 3321-speakers-3,3321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 3321-LEI-1,3321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3321-vitality-1,3321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3321-LEI-2,3321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -3321-vitality-2,3321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes +3321-LEI-2,3321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +3321-vitality-2,3321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes 3321-LEI-3,3321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3321-vitality-3,3321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3322-context-1,3322,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Yoke, Papuan Malay"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary. Grammar.""}",,Used as L2 by Yoke.,bib68,no -3322-context-2,3322,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yoke"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Small picture dictionary (1998), language primer Ekeoina (1998)""}",,"Marriage is usually with other Warembori speakers.... The most common links outside the other Warembori villages are with the Yoke, to the east (and inland), who speak a related language.",bib2248,yes +3322-context-2,3322,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yoke"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Small picture dictionary (1998), language primer Ekeoina (1998)""}",,"Marriage is usually with other Warembori speakers.... The most common links outside the other Warembori villages are with the Yoke, to the east (and inland), who speak a related language.",bib2261,yes 3322-location-1,3322,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua: North coast, Mamberamo River mouth and west to Poiwai, Warembori, Tamakuri, Bonoi villages""}",,,bib68,no -3322-location-2,3322,location,"{""Places"": [""New Guinea, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.535102, 137.906028], [-1.642974, 137.717992], [-1.805475, 137.279914]]}",,"The Warembori language (locally: Waremboivoro) is spoken by the inhabitants of three villages located along the north-western coast of New Guinea, at and to the west of the mouth of the Mamberamo river, split between the districts (kabupaten) of Yapen-Waropen and Jayapura, in Irian Jaya.",bib2248,yes +3322-location-2,3322,location,"{""Places"": [""New Guinea, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.535102, 137.906028], [-1.642974, 137.717992], [-1.805475, 137.279914]]}",,"The Warembori language (locally: Waremboivoro) is spoken by the inhabitants of three villages located along the north-western coast of New Guinea, at and to the west of the mouth of the Mamberamo river, split between the districts (kabupaten) of Yapen-Waropen and Jayapura, in Irian Jaya.",bib2261,yes 3322-location-3,3322,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.66666666667, 137.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3322-speaker_number-1,3322,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 3322-speakers-1,3322,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,,bib68,no 3322-speaker_number-2,3322,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3322-speakers-2,3322,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3322-speaker_number-3,3322,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The three villages that are home to the Warembori language are (proceeding from east to west) Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi; each of these villages have approximately 200-300 inhabitants, and each is fairly homogenous in makeup.",bib2248,yes -3322-speakers-3,3322,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The three villages that are home to the Warembori language are (proceeding from east to west) Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi; each of these villages have approximately 200-300 inhabitants, and each is fairly homogenous in makeup.",bib2248,yes +3322-speaker_number-3,3322,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The three villages that are home to the Warembori language are (proceeding from east to west) Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi; each of these villages have approximately 200-300 inhabitants, and each is fairly homogenous in makeup.",bib2261,yes +3322-speakers-3,3322,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The three villages that are home to the Warembori language are (proceeding from east to west) Warembori, Tamakuri and Bonoi; each of these villages have approximately 200-300 inhabitants, and each is fairly homogenous in makeup.",bib2261,yes 3322-LEI-1,3322,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Home. Mainly adults.,bib68,no 3322-vitality-1,3322,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Home. Mainly adults.,bib68,no 3322-LEI-2,3322,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3322-vitality-2,3322,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3322-LEI-3,3322,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2248,yes -3322-transmission-3,3322,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2248,yes -3322-vitality-3,3322,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2248,yes -3323-location-1,3323,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.62902944, 131.8232754]]}",,,bib1182,no +3322-LEI-3,3322,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2261,yes +3322-transmission-3,3322,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2261,yes +3322-vitality-3,3322,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Children under the age of twenty do not display any ability to speak the language at all; as a result of this, the language must be considered at the least highly endangered, though more likely moribund. This loss of transmission must have occurred quite recently; young adults, male and female alike, in their twenties are hesitant but competent in their production of Warembori, and all adults above 30 regularly use the language in all aspects of life, apart from communication to children.",bib2261,yes +3323-location-1,3323,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.62902944, 131.8232754]]}",,,bib1191,no 3323-speaker_number-1,3323,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3323-speakers-1,3323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3323-speaker_number-2,3323,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3323-speakers-2,3323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3323-speaker_number-2,3323,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3323-speakers-2,3323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3323-LEI-1,3323,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3323-vitality-1,3323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3323-LEI-2,3323,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3323-vitality-2,3323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3324-context-1,3324,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,See http://www.wiradjuri.org/ for language lessons.,bib3105,no -3324-location-1,3324,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-33.72620502, 147.0281347]]}",,,bib1182,no -3324-location-2,3324,location,"{""Places"": [""Parkes and other places in Western NSW""]}",,,bib3105,no -3324-speaker_number-1,3324,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3324-speakers-1,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3323-LEI-2,3323,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3323-vitality-2,3323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3324-context-1,3324,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,See http://www.wiradjuri.org/ for language lessons.,bib3119,no +3324-location-1,3324,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-33.72620502, 147.0281347]]}",,,bib1191,no +3324-location-2,3324,location,"{""Places"": [""Parkes and other places in Western NSW""]}",,,bib3119,no +3324-speaker_number-1,3324,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3324-speakers-1,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3324-speaker_number-2,3324,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3324-speakers-2,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3324-speaker_number-3,3324,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3324-speakers-3,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3324-speaker_number-3,3324,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3324-speakers-3,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3324-speaker_number-4,3324,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3324-speakers-4,3324,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3324-LEI-1,3324,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3324-vitality-1,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3324-LEI-1,3324,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3324-vitality-1,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3324-LEI-2,3324,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3324-vitality-2,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3324-LEI-3,3324,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3324-vitality-3,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3324-LEI-3,3324,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3324-vitality-3,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3324-LEI-4,3324,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3324-vitality-4,3324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3325-location-1,3325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.44157406, 144.6482584]]}",,,bib1182,yes -3325-location-2,3325,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Gugu-Badhun inhabited the upper Burdekin (on both sides of the river), north to Meadowbank, Glenharding and Wairuna Stations, where they had their border with the Warungu. Their southern border was the Clarke River, about where it joins the Burdekin. There they met the Gudjal (also known as Gur(i)djal). These three tribes, running north to south, formed something of a unity.""}",,,bib7127,no -3325-speakers-1,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +3325-location-1,3325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.44157406, 144.6482584]]}",,,bib1191,yes +3325-location-2,3325,location,"{""Places"": [""Queensland, Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Gugu-Badhun inhabited the upper Burdekin (on both sides of the river), north to Meadowbank, Glenharding and Wairuna Stations, where they had their border with the Warungu. Their southern border was the Clarke River, about where it joins the Burdekin. There they met the Gudjal (also known as Gur(i)djal). These three tribes, running north to south, formed something of a unity.""}",,,bib7151,no +3325-speakers-1,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 3325-speaker_number-2,3325,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3325-speakers-2,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3325-speaker_number-3,3325,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3325-speakers-3,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3325-speakers-4,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,,bib7127,no +3325-speaker_number-3,3325,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3325-speakers-3,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3325-speakers-4,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,,bib7151,no 3325-speaker_number-5,3325,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3325-speakers-5,3325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3325-LEI-1,3325,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -3325-vitality-1,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +3325-LEI-1,3325,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +3325-vitality-1,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 3325-LEI-2,3325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3325-vitality-2,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3325-LEI-3,3325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3325-vitality-3,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3325-LEI-4,3325,LEI,Dormant (),,"Unfortunately, no full speakers of Gugu-Badhun survive. Ludwig Leichhardt passed through their territory on his journey from Brisbane to Port Essington in 1844, but between that first encounter and the present day the tribe has undergone almost complete destruction.",bib7127,no -3325-vitality-4,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Unfortunately, no full speakers of Gugu-Badhun survive. Ludwig Leichhardt passed through their territory on his journey from Brisbane to Port Essington in 1844, but between that first encounter and the present day the tribe has undergone almost complete destruction.",bib7127,no +3325-LEI-3,3325,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3325-vitality-3,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3325-LEI-4,3325,LEI,Dormant (),,"Unfortunately, no full speakers of Gugu-Badhun survive. Ludwig Leichhardt passed through their territory on his journey from Brisbane to Port Essington in 1844, but between that first encounter and the present day the tribe has undergone almost complete destruction.",bib7151,no +3325-vitality-4,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Unfortunately, no full speakers of Gugu-Badhun survive. Ludwig Leichhardt passed through their territory on his journey from Brisbane to Port Essington in 1844, but between that first encounter and the present day the tribe has undergone almost complete destruction.",bib7151,no 3325-LEI-5,3325,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3325-vitality-5,3325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3326-location-1,3326,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.29484937, 138.5359391]]}",,,bib1182,no +3326-location-1,3326,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.29484937, 138.5359391]]}",,,bib1191,no 3326-speaker_number-1,3326,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3326-speakers-1,3326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3326-speaker_number-2,3326,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes @@ -35692,80 +35878,80 @@ France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes 3326-vitality-1,3326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3326-LEI-2,3326,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 3326-vitality-2,3326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -3328-location-1,3328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3515, 143.8769]]}",,,bib5307,no +3328-location-1,3328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3515, 143.8769]]}",,,bib5330,no 3328-location-2,3328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.33333333333, 143.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3328-location-3,3328,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -3328-speaker_number-1,3328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3328-speakers-1,3328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3328-speaker_number-1,3328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3328-speakers-1,3328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3328-speaker_number-2,3328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3328-speakers-2,3328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,631"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3328-speaker_number-3,3328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: 1987 Yap census,bib67,yes 3328-speakers-3,3328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: 1987 Yap census,bib67,yes -3328-LEI-1,3328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3328-vitality-1,3328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3328-LEI-1,3328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3328-vitality-1,3328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3328-LEI-2,3328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3328-vitality-2,3328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3328-LEI-3,3328,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3328-vitality-3,3328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3329-location-1,3329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.481775, 130.670058]]}",,,bib7945,no +3329-location-1,3329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.481775, 130.670058]]}",,,bib7970,no 3329-location-2,3329,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3329-speaker_number-1,3329,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3329-speakers-1,3329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3329-speaker_number-2,3329,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -3329-speakers-2,3329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +3329-speaker_number-2,3329,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +3329-speakers-2,3329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 3329-speaker_number-3,3329,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3329-speakers-3,3329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3329-speaker_number-4,3329,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,10 (Black 1983),bib67,no 3329-speakers-4,3329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,10 (Black 1983),bib67,no 3329-LEI-1,3329,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3329-vitality-1,3329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3329-LEI-2,3329,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3329-vitality-2,3329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3329-LEI-2,3329,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3329-vitality-2,3329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3329-LEI-3,3329,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3329-vitality-3,3329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3329-LEI-4,3329,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3329-vitality-4,3329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3330-location-1,3330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.165636, 136.873036]]}",,,bib7945,no +3330-location-1,3330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.165636, 136.873036]]}",,,bib7970,no 3330-location-2,3330,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Hay River, south of Andegerebinha""}",,,bib67,no 3330-speaker_number-1,3330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3330-speakers-1,3330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3330-speaker_number-2,3330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3330-speakers-2,3330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3330-speaker_number-2,3330,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3330-speakers-2,3330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3330-speakers-3,3330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3330-LEI-1,3330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3330-vitality-1,3330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3330-LEI-2,3330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3330-vitality-2,3330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3332-location-1,3332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.146, 146.3955]]}",,,bib5307,no +3330-LEI-2,3330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3330-vitality-2,3330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3332-location-1,3332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.146, 146.3955]]}",,,bib5330,no 3332-location-2,3332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.16666666667, 146.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3332-location-3,3332,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, Kaiapit District, Wantoat, Leron, and Bam rivers""}",,,bib67,yes -3332-speaker_number-1,3332,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3332-speakers-1,3332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3332-speaker_number-1,3332,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3332-speakers-1,3332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3332-speaker_number-2,3332,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3332-speakers-2,3332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,201"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3332-speaker_number-3,3332,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (K. McElhanon 1978). 393 Bam (K. McElhanon 1978) and 492 Yagawak (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,yes 3332-speakers-3,3332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (K. McElhanon 1978). 393 Bam (K. McElhanon 1978) and 492 Yagawak (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,yes -3332-LEI-1,3332,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3332-vitality-1,3332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3332-LEI-1,3332,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3332-vitality-1,3332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3332-LEI-2,3332,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3332-vitality-2,3332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3332-LEI-3,3332,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3332-vitality-3,3332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3334-location-1,3334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.83386864, 144.2350367]]}",,,bib1182,no +3334-location-1,3334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.83386864, 144.2350367]]}",,,bib1191,no 3334-location-2,3334,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, south central Cape York Peninsula, Einasleigh River, northwest of Einasleigh.""}",,,bib67,no 3334-speaker_number-1,3334,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3334-speakers-1,3334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3334-speaker_number-2,3334,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3334-speakers-2,3334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3334-speaker_number-2,3334,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3334-speakers-2,3334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3334-speakers-3,3334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3334-LEI-1,3334,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3334-transmission-1,3334,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib233,no 3334-speaker_number_trends-1,3334,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib233,no 3334-vitality-1,3334,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib233,no -3334-LEI-2,3334,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3334-transmission-2,3334,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7422,yes -3334-speaker_number_trends-2,3334,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -3334-vitality-2,3334,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7422,yes +3334-LEI-2,3334,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3334-transmission-2,3334,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7446,yes +3334-speaker_number_trends-2,3334,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +3334-vitality-2,3334,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7446,yes 3334-LEI-3,3334,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3334-vitality-3,3334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 3335-location-1,3335,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.98, 145.54]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -35778,159 +35964,159 @@ France. It is nevertheless severely endangered.",bib6474,yes 3335-vitality-1,3335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3335-LEI-2,3335,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3335-vitality-2,3335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3336-context-1,3336,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""\u201cThere is, however, some interest among some of the younger people in learning to read and write Wambaya, with the possible intention of teaching some to the children in school.\u201d""}",,,bib5562,no -3336-context-2,3336,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,yes +3336-context-1,3336,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""\u201cThere is, however, some interest among some of the younger people in learning to read and write Wambaya, with the possible intention of teaching some to the children in school.\u201d""}",,,bib5586,no +3336-context-2,3336,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,yes 3336-location-1,3336,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Barkly Tableland, Limmen Bight and McArthur rivers headwaters; east of Lake Woods""}",,,bib67,no -3336-location-2,3336,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.31666942, 135.2617924]]}",,,bib1182,no +3336-location-2,3336,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.31666942, 135.2617924]]}",,,bib1191,no 3336-location-3,3336,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.16780391, 135.2714652]]}",,,,no -3336-speaker_number-1,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,3 speakers of Gudanji variety.,bib7422,no -3336-speakers-1,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,3 speakers of Gudanji variety.,bib7422,no +3336-speaker_number-1,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,3 speakers of Gudanji variety.,bib7446,no +3336-speakers-1,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,3 speakers of Gudanji variety.,bib7446,no 3336-speaker_number-2,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3336-speakers-2,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3336-speaker_number-3,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3336-speakers-3,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3336-speaker_number-4,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3336-speakers-4,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3336-speakers-5,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u201cWambaya is a recently extinct language of the West Barkly family from the Northern Territory in Australia\u201d""}",,,bib833,no +3336-speaker_number-4,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3336-speakers-4,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3336-speakers-5,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u201cWambaya is a recently extinct language of the West Barkly family from the Northern Territory in Australia\u201d""}",,,bib837,no 3336-speaker_number-6,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"“A recent survey of language speakers undertaken by Robert Hoogenraad lists 32 people who claim to be full speaks of Wambaya…” -“...One old (now deceased) Wambaya man is reported as claiming there are only two fluent Wambaya speakers left (of which he was one) as all the other speakers have mixed the language up with Gudanji.”",bib5562,no +“...One old (now deceased) Wambaya man is reported as claiming there are only two fluent Wambaya speakers left (of which he was one) as all the other speakers have mixed the language up with Gudanji.”",bib5586,no 3336-speakers-6,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u201cMy estimates are that there are only between 15 and 20 really competent speakers of Wambaya left\u2026\u201d"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""32""}",,"“A recent survey of language speakers undertaken by Robert Hoogenraad lists 32 people who claim to be full speaks of Wambaya…” -“...One old (now deceased) Wambaya man is reported as claiming there are only two fluent Wambaya speakers left (of which he was one) as all the other speakers have mixed the language up with Gudanji.”",bib5562,no +“...One old (now deceased) Wambaya man is reported as claiming there are only two fluent Wambaya speakers left (of which he was one) as all the other speakers have mixed the language up with Gudanji.”",bib5586,no 3336-speaker_number-7,3336,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3336-speakers-7,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3336-speaker_number-8,3336,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -3336-speakers-8,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes -3336-LEI-1,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3336-vitality-1,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3336-speaker_number-8,3336,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +3336-speakers-8,3336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes +3336-LEI-1,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3336-vitality-1,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3336-LEI-2,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3336-vitality-2,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3336-LEI-3,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3336-vitality-3,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3336-LEI-4,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3336-vitality-4,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3336-LEI-5,3336,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib833,no -3336-vitality-5,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib833,no +3336-LEI-4,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3336-vitality-4,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3336-LEI-5,3336,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib837,no +3336-vitality-5,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib837,no 3336-LEI-6,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“All of the competent speakers of Wambaya and Gudanji are over about 55 years old, and most of them would be over 60.” -“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5562,no +“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5586,no 3336-transmission-6,3336,transmission,3,transmission-3,"“All of the competent speakers of Wambaya and Gudanji are over about 55 years old, and most of them would be over 60.” -“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5562,no +“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5586,no 3336-domains_of_use-6,3336,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"“All of the competent speakers of Wambaya and Gudanji are over about 55 years old, and most of them would be over 60.” -“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5562,no +“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5586,no 3336-speaker_number_trends-6,3336,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"“All of the competent speakers of Wambaya and Gudanji are over about 55 years old, and most of them would be over 60.” -“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5562,no +“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5586,no 3336-vitality-6,3336,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"“All of the competent speakers of Wambaya and Gudanji are over about 55 years old, and most of them would be over 60.” -“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5562,no +“None of the younger generations can speak the language at all, apart from the subsection terms, kinship terms and some lexical items.”",bib5586,no 3336-LEI-7,3336,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3336-vitality-7,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3336-LEI-8,3336,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3336-vitality-8,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -3338-location-1,3338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.555683, 166.921161]]}",,,bib7945,no -3338-location-2,3338,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.571269, 166.922505]]}",,,bib395,no +3336-LEI-8,3336,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3336-vitality-8,3336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +3338-location-1,3338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.555683, 166.921161]]}",,,bib7970,no +3338-location-2,3338,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.571269, 166.922505]]}",,,bib396,no 3338-location-3,3338,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Santo Island""}",,,bib67,yes 3338-speaker_number-1,3338,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3338-speakers-1,3338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3338-speakers-2,3338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500""}",,,bib395,no +3338-speakers-2,3338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500""}",,,bib396,no 3338-speaker_number-3,3338,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981).,bib67,yes 3338-speakers-3,3338,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981).,bib67,yes 3338-LEI-1,3338,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3338-vitality-1,3338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3338-LEI-2,3338,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3338-vitality-2,3338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3339-context-1,3339,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Many people in Wali are reportedly able to read Arabic, and many are reportedly able to read English.",bib4345,no -3339-location-1,3339,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.9372, 29.3005]]}",,,bib5307,no -3339-location-2,3339,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.958723, 29.404449]]}",,,bib3816,no -3339-location-3,3339,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.817285, 29.453608]]}",,,bib4345,no +3339-context-1,3339,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Many people in Wali are reportedly able to read Arabic, and many are reportedly able to read English.",bib4366,no +3339-location-1,3339,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.9372, 29.3005]]}",,,bib5330,no +3339-location-2,3339,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.958723, 29.404449]]}",,,bib3835,no +3339-location-3,3339,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.817285, 29.453608]]}",,,bib4366,no 3339-location-4,3339,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Wali Hills, south of Karko Hills.""}",,,bib67,yes -3339-speaker_number-1,3339,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3339-speakers-1,3339,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""487"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3339-speakers-2,3339,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,454"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3816,no +3339-speaker_number-1,3339,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3339-speakers-1,3339,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""487"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3339-speakers-2,3339,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,454"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3835,no 3339-speaker_number-3,3339,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are reportedly 9,000 people living in Wali. It is likely that most or all of them -are speaking Wali.",bib4345,no +are speaking Wali.",bib4366,no 3339-speakers-3,3339,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are reportedly 9,000 people living in Wali. It is likely that most or all of them -are speaking Wali.",bib4345,no +are speaking Wali.",bib4366,no 3339-speaker_number-4,3339,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3339-speakers-4,3339,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""487"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3339-speaker_number-5,3339,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Some monolinguals exist.,bib67,yes 3339-speakers-5,3339,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Some monolinguals exist.,bib67,yes -3339-LEI-1,3339,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3339-vitality-1,3339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3339-LEI-2,3339,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4345,no -3339-transmission-2,3339,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4345,no -3339-domains_of_use-2,3339,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4345,no -3339-vitality-2,3339,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4345,no +3339-LEI-1,3339,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3339-vitality-1,3339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3339-LEI-2,3339,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4366,no +3339-transmission-2,3339,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4366,no +3339-domains_of_use-2,3339,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4366,no +3339-vitality-2,3339,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Wali language seems to be actively used in many domains. Children who have not entered school use it when playing together. The young people mostly speak English and Wali. Children and young people speak Wali correctly, as it should be spoken. The men and women mostly converse in Wali, as do people working together. When people from Wali meet each other in the closest city or town, they speak Wali. It is expected that children of the next generation will also continue to communicate using Wali. The reason given for the people of Wali to continue speaking their mother tongue was: 'It is our language.' .. Wali is a vital language with no indication of language shift. ",bib4366,no 3339-LEI-3,3339,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3339-vitality-3,3339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3339-LEI-4,3339,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3339-vitality-4,3339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3340-context-1,3340,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kunwinjku"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,People generally speak the closely related large lingua franca Kunwinjku which puts pressure on Kunbarlang.,bib5309,yes +3340-context-1,3340,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kunwinjku"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,People generally speak the closely related large lingua franca Kunwinjku which puts pressure on Kunbarlang.,bib5332,yes 3340-location-1,3340,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3340-location-2,3340,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.020217, 133.836286]]}",,,bib7945,no -3340-location-3,3340,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, central northern Arnhem Land, at Oenpelli, Maningrida, and Goulburn Island.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -3340-speakers-1,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7422,no +3340-location-2,3340,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.020217, 133.836286]]}",,,bib7970,no +3340-location-3,3340,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, central northern Arnhem Land, at Oenpelli, Maningrida, and Goulburn Island.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +3340-speakers-1,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,,bib7446,no 3340-speaker_number-2,3340,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 3340-speakers-2,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983).,bib67,no 3340-speaker_number-3,3340,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3340-speakers-3,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3340-speaker_number-4,3340,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3340-speakers-4,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3340-speaker_number-4,3340,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3340-speakers-4,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3340-speaker_number-5,3340,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3340-speakers-5,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3340-speaker_number-6,3340,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 50-100 speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing. ... There are perhaps twenty speakers left today.",bib5309,yes -3340-speakers-6,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 50-100 speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing. ... There are perhaps twenty speakers left today.",bib5309,yes +3340-speaker_number-6,3340,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 50-100 speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing. ... There are perhaps twenty speakers left today.",bib5332,yes +3340-speakers-6,3340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 50-100 speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing. ... There are perhaps twenty speakers left today.",bib5332,yes 3340-LEI-1,3340,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3340-vitality-1,3340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3340-LEI-2,3340,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3340-vitality-2,3340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3340-LEI-3,3340,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3340-vitality-3,3340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3340-LEI-3,3340,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3340-vitality-3,3340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3340-LEI-4,3340,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3340-vitality-4,3340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3340-LEI-5,3340,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3340-transmission-5,3340,transmission,4,transmission-4,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3340-domains_of_use-5,3340,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3340-speaker_number_trends-5,3340,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3340-vitality-5,3340,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3341-location-1,3341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.43658, 142.1783]]}",,,bib7945,no +3340-LEI-5,3340,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3340-transmission-5,3340,transmission,4,transmission-4,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3340-domains_of_use-5,3340,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3340-speaker_number_trends-5,3340,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3340-vitality-5,3340,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,It is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3341-location-1,3341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.43658, 142.1783]]}",,,bib7970,no 3341-location-2,3341,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Walio (Leonhardt Schultze) river.""}",,,bib69,no -3341-location-3,3341,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Nein, Sinen, and Walio villages""}",,,bib4545,no -3341-location-4,3341,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""four hamlets on the lower Leonhard Schultze River: Walio, Sinen, Nein, and Osak""}",,,bib1794,yes +3341-location-3,3341,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Nein, Sinen, and Walio villages""}",,,bib4566,no +3341-location-4,3341,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""four hamlets on the lower Leonhard Schultze River: Walio, Sinen, Nein, and Osak""}",,,bib1806,yes 3341-speaker_number-1,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3341-speakers-1,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""227"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3341-speaker_number-2,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3341-speakers-2,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3341-speaker_number-3,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -3341-speakers-3,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -3341-speaker_number-4,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,approximately 200 people,bib1794,yes -3341-speakers-4,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,approximately 200 people,bib1794,yes +3341-speaker_number-3,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +3341-speakers-3,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +3341-speaker_number-4,3341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,approximately 200 people,bib1806,yes +3341-speakers-4,3341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,approximately 200 people,bib1806,yes 3341-LEI-1,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3341-vitality-1,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3341-LEI-2,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3341-vitality-2,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3341-LEI-3,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3341-vitality-3,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3341-LEI-4,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -3341-vitality-4,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes -3342-location-1,3342,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.026536, 138.010119]]}",,,bib7945,no +3341-LEI-3,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3341-vitality-3,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3341-LEI-4,3341,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +3341-vitality-4,3341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes +3342-location-1,3342,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.026536, 138.010119]]}",,,bib7970,no 3342-speaker_number-1,3342,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3342-speakers-1,3342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3342-speaker_number-2,3342,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3342-speakers-2,3342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3342-speaker_number-2,3342,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3342-speakers-2,3342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3342-LEI-1,3342,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3342-vitality-1,3342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3342-LEI-2,3342,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3342-vitality-2,3342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3344-location-1,3344,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.57687017, 132.8519652]]}",,,bib1182,no +3342-LEI-2,3342,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3342-vitality-2,3342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3344-location-1,3344,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.57687017, 132.8519652]]}",,,bib1191,no 3344-location-2,3344,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia, coast between head of Bight and Streaky bay head, and inland to Ooldea region.""}",,,bib69,no -3344-speaker_number-1,3344,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3344-speakers-1,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3344-speakers-2,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There are no current speakers (Hercus 1999).,bib1182,no +3344-speaker_number-1,3344,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3344-speakers-1,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3344-speakers-2,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There are no current speakers (Hercus 1999).,bib1191,no 3344-speaker_number-3,3344,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3344-speakers-3,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3344-speakers-4,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Scotdesco Aboriginal Community offers Wirangu nest programs, as well as language camps.",bib186,yes @@ -35938,11 +36124,11 @@ are speaking Wali.",bib4345,no 3344-speakers-5,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,2 (2011 AUSTLANG). 2 semi-speakers (Wurm 2007).,bib233,no 3344-speaker_number-6,3344,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 3344-speakers-6,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -3344-speakers-7,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7937,no -3344-LEI-1,3344,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3344-vitality-1,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3344-LEI-2,3344,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -3344-vitality-2,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +3344-speakers-7,3344,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7962,no +3344-LEI-1,3344,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3344-vitality-1,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3344-LEI-2,3344,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +3344-vitality-2,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 3344-LEI-3,3344,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3344-vitality-3,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3344-LEI-4,3344,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib186,yes @@ -35951,205 +36137,205 @@ are speaking Wali.",bib4345,no 3344-vitality-5,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3344-LEI-6,3344,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3344-vitality-6,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3344-LEI-7,3344,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7937,no -3344-vitality-7,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7937,no -3345-location-1,3345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.98488583, 126.5727527]]}",,,bib1182,no +3344-LEI-7,3344,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7962,no +3344-vitality-7,3344,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7962,no +3345-location-1,3345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.98488583, 126.5727527]]}",,,bib1191,no 3345-location-2,3345,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3345-speaker_number-1,3345,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3345-speakers-1,3345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3345-speaker_number-2,3345,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3345-speakers-2,3345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3345-speaker_number-2,3345,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3345-speakers-2,3345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3345-speakers-3,3345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3345-LEI-1,3345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3345-vitality-1,3345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3345-LEI-2,3345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3345-vitality-2,3345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3345-LEI-2,3345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3345-vitality-2,3345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3346-context-1,3346,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,yes -3346-location-1,3346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.55974, 142.4135]]}",,,bib7945,no +3346-location-1,3346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.55974, 142.4135]]}",,,bib7970,no 3346-location-2,3346,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, north of Beli, Laeko-Libuat.""}",,,bib69,yes -3346-location-3,3346,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Binanra, Surimorta, Walgon, and Wemil.""}",,,bib4545,no +3346-location-3,3346,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Binanra, Surimorta, Walgon, and Wemil.""}",,,bib4566,no 3346-speaker_number-1,3346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3346-speakers-1,3346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""766"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3346-speaker_number-2,3346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"100 (2004 SIL). 0 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,190 (2000 census).",bib69,yes 3346-speakers-2,3346,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,190"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"100 (2004 SIL). 0 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,190 (2000 census).",bib69,yes -3346-speaker_number-3,3346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -3346-speakers-3,3346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""561"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +3346-speaker_number-3,3346,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +3346-speakers-3,3346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""561"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 3346-LEI-1,3346,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3346-vitality-1,3346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3346-LEI-2,3346,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,A few of the older generation speak it some of the time.,bib69,yes 3346-transmission-2,3346,transmission,5,transmission-5,A few of the older generation speak it some of the time.,bib69,yes 3346-vitality-2,3346,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,A few of the older generation speak it some of the time.,bib69,yes -3346-LEI-3,3346,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3346-vitality-3,3346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3347-location-1,3347,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.532244, 142.033864]]}",,,bib7945,no +3346-LEI-3,3346,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3346-vitality-3,3346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3347-location-1,3347,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.532244, 142.033864]]}",,,bib7970,no 3347-location-2,3347,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3347-speaker_number-1,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3347-speakers-1,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3347-speaker_number-2,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3347-speakers-2,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -3347-speaker_number-3,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, twelve speakers were reported. Today the speakers are fewer.",bib7937,yes -3347-speakers-3,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, twelve speakers were reported. Today the speakers are fewer.",bib7937,yes +3347-speaker_number-2,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3347-speakers-2,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +3347-speaker_number-3,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, twelve speakers were reported. Today the speakers are fewer.",bib7962,yes +3347-speakers-3,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, twelve speakers were reported. Today the speakers are fewer.",bib7962,yes 3347-speaker_number-4,3347,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3347-speakers-4,3347,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3347-LEI-1,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3347-vitality-1,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3347-LEI-2,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3347-vitality-2,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3347-LEI-3,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3347-vitality-3,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +3347-LEI-2,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3347-vitality-2,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3347-LEI-3,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3347-vitality-3,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 3347-LEI-4,3347,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3347-vitality-4,3347,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3348-location-1,3348,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.616014, 141.739978]]}",,,bib7945,no +3348-location-1,3348,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.616014, 141.739978]]}",,,bib7970,no 3348-location-2,3348,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3348-speaker_number-1,3348,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3348-speakers-1,3348,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3348-speaker_number-2,3348,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3348-speakers-2,3348,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3348-speaker_number-2,3348,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3348-speakers-2,3348,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3348-speakers-3,3348,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3348-LEI-1,3348,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3348-vitality-1,3348,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3348-LEI-2,3348,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3348-vitality-2,3348,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3349-location-1,3349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.57825, 141.720753]]}",,,bib7945,no +3348-LEI-2,3348,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3348-vitality-2,3348,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3349-location-1,3349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.57825, 141.720753]]}",,,bib7970,no 3349-location-2,3349,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3349-speaker_number-1,3349,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3349-speakers-1,3349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3349-speaker_number-2,3349,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3349-speakers-2,3349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3349-speaker_number-2,3349,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3349-speakers-2,3349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3349-speakers-3,3349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3349-LEI-1,3349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3349-vitality-1,3349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3349-LEI-2,3349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3349-vitality-2,3349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3351-location-1,3351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.584936, 116.646503]]}",,,bib7945,no -3351-location-2,3351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mostly in east Kalimantan."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.0, 116.0]]}",,,bib6959,yes -3351-speaker_number-1,3351,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Soriente Disagrees with the classification of Kenyah languages. The dialect used in this study, Lebu' Kulit, is grouped by Soriente as a Kayanic language rather than a Kenyah language. Issues in subgrouping languages in Central Borneo are well known, and still up for debate.",bib6959,yes -3351-speakers-1,3351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Soriente Disagrees with the classification of Kenyah languages. The dialect used in this study, Lebu' Kulit, is grouped by Soriente as a Kayanic language rather than a Kenyah language. Issues in subgrouping languages in Central Borneo are well known, and still up for debate.",bib6959,yes -3351-LEI-1,3351,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6959,yes -3351-transmission-1,3351,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6959,yes -3351-domains_of_use-1,3351,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6959,yes -3351-vitality-1,3351,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6959,yes -3352-location-1,3352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.4, 145.877]]}",,,bib1182,no +3349-LEI-2,3349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3349-vitality-2,3349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3351-location-1,3351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.584936, 116.646503]]}",,,bib7970,no +3351-location-2,3351,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mostly in east Kalimantan."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.0, 116.0]]}",,,bib6983,yes +3351-speaker_number-1,3351,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Soriente Disagrees with the classification of Kenyah languages. The dialect used in this study, Lebu' Kulit, is grouped by Soriente as a Kayanic language rather than a Kenyah language. Issues in subgrouping languages in Central Borneo are well known, and still up for debate.",bib6983,yes +3351-speakers-1,3351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Soriente Disagrees with the classification of Kenyah languages. The dialect used in this study, Lebu' Kulit, is grouped by Soriente as a Kayanic language rather than a Kenyah language. Issues in subgrouping languages in Central Borneo are well known, and still up for debate.",bib6983,yes +3351-LEI-1,3351,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6983,yes +3351-transmission-1,3351,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6983,yes +3351-domains_of_use-1,3351,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6983,yes +3351-vitality-1,3351,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The languages are under treat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. Also, they are affected by the double influence of better known or “mainstream” Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language.",bib6983,yes +3352-location-1,3352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.4, 145.877]]}",,,bib1191,no 3352-location-2,3352,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, coast south of Hinchinbrook Island, and inland along Herbert River.""}",,,bib67,no 3352-speaker_number-1,3352,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3352-speakers-1,3352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3352-speaker_number-2,3352,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3352-speakers-2,3352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3352-speaker_number-2,3352,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3352-speakers-2,3352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3352-speaker_number-3,3352,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3352-speakers-3,3352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3352-speaker_number-4,3352,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3352-speakers-4,3352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3352-LEI-1,3352,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3352-vitality-1,3352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3352-LEI-2,3352,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3352-vitality-2,3352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3352-LEI-2,3352,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3352-vitality-2,3352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3352-LEI-3,3352,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3352-vitality-3,3352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3352-LEI-4,3352,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3352-vitality-4,3352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3354-location-1,3354,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, southeast corner""}",,,bib67,no -3354-location-2,3354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.4041, 136.878528]]}",,,bib7945,no -3354-speaker_number-1,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3354-speakers-1,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +3354-location-2,3354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.4041, 136.878528]]}",,,bib7970,no +3354-speaker_number-1,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3354-speakers-1,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 3354-speakers-2,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3354-speaker_number-3,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3354-speakers-3,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3354-speaker_number-4,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3354-speakers-4,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3354-speaker_number-5,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -3354-speakers-5,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes -3354-LEI-1,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3354-vitality-1,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3354-speaker_number-5,3354,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +3354-speakers-5,3354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes +3354-LEI-1,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3354-vitality-1,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3354-LEI-2,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3354-vitality-2,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3354-LEI-3,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3354-vitality-3,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3354-LEI-4,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3354-vitality-4,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -3355-location-1,3355,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.3211411, 137.4609852]]}",,,bib1182,no +3354-LEI-4,3354,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3354-vitality-4,3354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +3355-location-1,3355,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.3211411, 137.4609852]]}",,,bib1191,no 3355-speaker_number-1,3355,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3355-speakers-1,3355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3355-speaker_number-2,3355,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -3355-speakers-2,3355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +3355-speaker_number-2,3355,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +3355-speakers-2,3355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 3355-LEI-1,3355,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3355-vitality-1,3355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3355-LEI-2,3355,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3355-vitality-2,3355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3355-LEI-2,3355,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3355-vitality-2,3355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3356-context-1,3356,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""100%""}",,,bib69,no 3356-location-1,3356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, northeastern portion, border area south of Jayapura, Warlef village, Yabanda Satu.""}",,,bib69,no 3356-location-2,3356,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.4, 140.9]]}",,,bib75,no -3356-location-3,3356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yafi, Sungwar-Tainda, Tokondo, and Abiu.""}",,,bib7641,yes +3356-location-3,3356,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Yafi, Sungwar-Tainda, Tokondo, and Abiu.""}",,,bib7666,yes 3356-speaker_number-1,3356,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3356-speakers-1,3356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3356-speaker_number-2,3356,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3356-speakers-2,3356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3356-speaker_number-3,3356,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7641,yes -3356-speakers-3,3356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7641,yes +3356-speaker_number-3,3356,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7666,yes +3356-speakers-3,3356,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7666,yes 3356-LEI-1,3356,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3356-vitality-1,3356,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3356-LEI-2,3356,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3356-vitality-2,3356,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3356-LEI-3,3356,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -3356-vitality-3,3356,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes -3359-location-1,3359,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.050281, 146.628894]]}",,,bib7945,no +3356-LEI-3,3356,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +3356-vitality-3,3356,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes +3359-location-1,3359,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.050281, 146.628894]]}",,,bib7970,no 3359-speaker_number-1,3359,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3359-speakers-1,3359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3359-speaker_number-2,3359,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3359-speakers-2,3359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3359-speaker_number-2,3359,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3359-speakers-2,3359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3359-LEI-1,3359,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3359-vitality-1,3359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3359-LEI-2,3359,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3359-vitality-2,3359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3360-context-1,3360,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The members of the ethnic group understand the language when old people speak it, but they only speak the English-based lingua franca Kriol.",bib7937,yes -3360-location-1,3360,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.137203, 130.284308]]}",,,bib7945,no +3359-LEI-2,3359,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3359-vitality-2,3359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3360-context-1,3360,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,"The members of the ethnic group understand the language when old people speak it, but they only speak the English-based lingua franca Kriol.",bib7962,yes +3360-location-1,3360,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.137203, 130.284308]]}",,,bib7970,no 3360-location-2,3360,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3360-speaker_number-1,3360,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3360-speakers-1,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3360-speaker_number-2,3360,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About 10 speakers of the Pungupungu variety.,bib7422,no -3360-speakers-2,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,About 10 speakers of the Pungupungu variety.,bib7422,no -3360-speaker_number-3,3360,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1988, twelve fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes -3360-speakers-3,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1988, twelve fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes +3360-speaker_number-2,3360,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,About 10 speakers of the Pungupungu variety.,bib7446,no +3360-speakers-2,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,About 10 speakers of the Pungupungu variety.,bib7446,no +3360-speaker_number-3,3360,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1988, twelve fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes +3360-speakers-3,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1988, twelve fluent speakers were reported. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes 3360-speaker_number-4,3360,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no 3360-speakers-4,3360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no 3360-LEI-1,3360,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3360-vitality-1,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3360-LEI-2,3360,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3360-vitality-2,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3360-LEI-3,3360,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3360-vitality-3,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +3360-LEI-2,3360,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3360-vitality-2,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3360-LEI-3,3360,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3360-vitality-3,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 3360-LEI-4,3360,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3360-vitality-4,3360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3362-location-1,3362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.662531, 99.567372]]}",,,bib7945,no -3362-location-2,3362,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""mainly spoken in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County (\u6ec4\u6e90\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Gengma Dai and Va Autonomous County (\u803f\u99ac\u50a3\u65cf\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Shuangjiang Lahu, Va, Blang and Dai Autonomous County (\u96d9\u6c5f\u62c9\u795c\u4f64\u65cf\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Yongde County (\u6c38\u5fb7\u7e23), and Zhenkang County (\u93ae\u5eb7\u7e23) in Lincang District (\u81e8\u6ec4\u5340); Ximeng Va Autonomous County (\u897f\u76df\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Menglian Dai, Lahu and Va Autonomous County (\u5b5f\u9023\u50a3\u65cf\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Lancang Lahu Autonomous County (\u703e\u6ec4\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), in Simao District (\u601d\u8305\u5340). Also spoken in Thailand and Burma.""}",,,bib1702,yes +3362-location-1,3362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.662531, 99.567372]]}",,,bib7970,no +3362-location-2,3362,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""mainly spoken in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County (\u6ec4\u6e90\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Gengma Dai and Va Autonomous County (\u803f\u99ac\u50a3\u65cf\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Shuangjiang Lahu, Va, Blang and Dai Autonomous County (\u96d9\u6c5f\u62c9\u795c\u4f64\u65cf\u5e03\u6717\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Yongde County (\u6c38\u5fb7\u7e23), and Zhenkang County (\u93ae\u5eb7\u7e23) in Lincang District (\u81e8\u6ec4\u5340); Ximeng Va Autonomous County (\u897f\u76df\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Menglian Dai, Lahu and Va Autonomous County (\u5b5f\u9023\u50a3\u65cf\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u4f64\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Lancang Lahu Autonomous County (\u703e\u6ec4\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), in Simao District (\u601d\u8305\u5340). Also spoken in Thailand and Burma.""}",,,bib1714,yes 3362-location-3,3362,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""China: Southwest Yunnan, Lincang Prefecture, Yongde and Zhenkang counties.""}",,,bib67,no 3362-speaker_number-1,3362,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3362-speakers-1,3362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""838,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3362-speaker_number-2,3362,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1702,yes -3362-speakers-2,3362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""396,619 in China (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1702,yes +3362-speaker_number-2,3362,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1714,yes +3362-speakers-2,3362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""396,619 in China (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1714,yes 3362-speaker_number-3,3362,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Many monolinguals,bib67,no 3362-speakers-3,3362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Many monolinguals,bib67,no 3362-LEI-1,3362,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3362-vitality-1,3362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3362-LEI-2,3362,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1702,yes -3362-vitality-2,3362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1702,yes +3362-LEI-2,3362,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1714,yes +3362-vitality-2,3362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1714,yes 3362-LEI-3,3362,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3362-vitality-3,3362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3363-location-1,3363,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2052,no -3363-location-2,3363,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2396,no +3363-location-1,3363,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2065,no +3363-location-2,3363,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2409,no 3363-location-3,3363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0, 71.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3363-location-4,3363,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Nuristan, Central Kunar Province north of Pech. Varjan in north Waigal Valley, Waigal, Zonchigal, Jamach, Ameshdesh villages, and east in Veligal Valley villages; Chima-Nishey in lower valley villages""}",,,bib67,yes -3363-location-5,3363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.1895, 71.1941]]}",,,bib5307,no +3363-location-5,3363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.1895, 71.1941]]}",,,bib5330,no 3363-location-6,3363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.033261, 70.984706]]}",,,bib75,no 3363-speaker_number-1,3363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (Van Driem 2000),bib67,yes 3363-speakers-1,3363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (Van Driem 2000),bib67,yes -3363-speaker_number-2,3363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3363-speakers-2,3363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3363-speaker_number-2,3363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3363-speakers-2,3363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3363-speaker_number-3,3363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3363-speakers-3,3363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3363-LEI-1,3363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3363-vitality-1,3363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3363-LEI-2,3363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3363-vitality-2,3363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3363-LEI-2,3363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3363-vitality-2,3363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3363-LEI-3,3363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3363-vitality-3,3363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3366-location-1,3366,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.23, 150.25]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -36171,10 +36357,10 @@ are speaking Wali.",bib4345,no 3367-vitality-1,3367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3367-LEI-2,3367,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3367-vitality-2,3367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3368-location-1,3368,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.7712, -121.2871]]}",,,bib1709,no +3368-location-1,3368,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.7712, -121.2871]]}",,,bib1721,no 3368-location-2,3368,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Tenino [tqn]: Oregon, Warm Springs Reservation.\nUmatilla [uma]: Northeast Oregon; Umatilla Reservation.\nWalla Walla [waa]: Oregon, Umatilla Reservation.\nYakama [yak]: South central Washington State, Yakima Reservation, Toppenish.""}",,,bib68,no 3368-location-3,3368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5, -120.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3368-location-4,3368,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Sahaptin: marked dialectal diversity spoken along the Columbia River and adjacent Plateau in eastern Oregon and Washington. Southern Sahaptin (or \u201cRiver\u201d) varieties were originally spoken along the Columbia River from the Dalles to the Umatilla River, and included Tenino, Wayam, and Umatilla. Northwest Sahaptin varieties were spoken in the Yakima River drainage and included Klickitat, Taitnapam, Upper Nisqually, Yakima, and Kittitas. Northeast Sahaptin varieties were spoken on the Columbia River above Southern Sahaptin and along the lower Snake River, and included Walla Walla, Wanapam, and Palouse.""}",,,bib5217,yes +3368-location-4,3368,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Sahaptin: marked dialectal diversity spoken along the Columbia River and adjacent Plateau in eastern Oregon and Washington. Southern Sahaptin (or \u201cRiver\u201d) varieties were originally spoken along the Columbia River from the Dalles to the Umatilla River, and included Tenino, Wayam, and Umatilla. Northwest Sahaptin varieties were spoken in the Yakima River drainage and included Klickitat, Taitnapam, Upper Nisqually, Yakima, and Kittitas. Northeast Sahaptin varieties were spoken on the Columbia River above Southern Sahaptin and along the lower Snake River, and included Walla Walla, Wanapam, and Palouse.""}",,,bib5240,yes 3368-speaker_number-1,3368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3368-speakers-1,3368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3368-speaker_number-2,3368,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Tenino [tqn]: 50 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1,000 (1977 SIL).; @@ -36185,61 +36371,61 @@ Yakama [yak]: 25 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,000 (1977 SIL)." Umatilla [uma]: 25 (Golla 2007). 25–50 Umatilla and Walla Walla [waa] speakers together. Ethnic population: 120 (1977 SIL); Walla Walla [waa]: 25 (Golla 2007). 25–50 Walla Walla and Umatilla [uma] speakers together (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 700 (1977 SIL); Yakama [yak]: 25 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,000 (1977 SIL).",bib68,no -3368-speaker_number-3,3368,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The principal surviving Sahaptin communities are on the Warm Springs Reservation in northern Oregon (about 50 speakers of Tenino); on the Umatilla Reservation in northeastern Oregon, near Pendleton (25 to 50 speakers of Umatilla and Walla Walla); and at Toppenish on the Yakima Reservation in south central Washington (about 25 fluent speakers and a larger number of less-fluent speakers of Yakima). There is also a small Wanapam-speaking community near Priest Rapids Dam on the Columbia River. A scattering of Sahaptin speakers can also be found among speakers of Okanagan and Nez Perce on the Colville Reservation in northeastern Washington.",bib5217,yes -3368-speakers-3,3368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The principal surviving Sahaptin communities are on the Warm Springs Reservation in northern Oregon (about 50 speakers of Tenino); on the Umatilla Reservation in northeastern Oregon, near Pendleton (25 to 50 speakers of Umatilla and Walla Walla); and at Toppenish on the Yakima Reservation in south central Washington (about 25 fluent speakers and a larger number of less-fluent speakers of Yakima). There is also a small Wanapam-speaking community near Priest Rapids Dam on the Columbia River. A scattering of Sahaptin speakers can also be found among speakers of Okanagan and Nez Perce on the Colville Reservation in northeastern Washington.",bib5217,yes +3368-speaker_number-3,3368,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The principal surviving Sahaptin communities are on the Warm Springs Reservation in northern Oregon (about 50 speakers of Tenino); on the Umatilla Reservation in northeastern Oregon, near Pendleton (25 to 50 speakers of Umatilla and Walla Walla); and at Toppenish on the Yakima Reservation in south central Washington (about 25 fluent speakers and a larger number of less-fluent speakers of Yakima). There is also a small Wanapam-speaking community near Priest Rapids Dam on the Columbia River. A scattering of Sahaptin speakers can also be found among speakers of Okanagan and Nez Perce on the Colville Reservation in northeastern Washington.",bib5240,yes +3368-speakers-3,3368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The principal surviving Sahaptin communities are on the Warm Springs Reservation in northern Oregon (about 50 speakers of Tenino); on the Umatilla Reservation in northeastern Oregon, near Pendleton (25 to 50 speakers of Umatilla and Walla Walla); and at Toppenish on the Yakima Reservation in south central Washington (about 25 fluent speakers and a larger number of less-fluent speakers of Yakima). There is also a small Wanapam-speaking community near Priest Rapids Dam on the Columbia River. A scattering of Sahaptin speakers can also be found among speakers of Okanagan and Nez Perce on the Colville Reservation in northeastern Washington.",bib5240,yes 3368-LEI-1,3368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3368-vitality-1,3368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3368-LEI-2,3368,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 3368-vitality-2,3368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -3368-LEI-3,3368,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -3368-transmission-3,3368,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -3368-speaker_number_trends-3,3368,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -3368-vitality-3,3368,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes -3371-context-1,3371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English""}",,,bib5395,yes -3371-location-1,3371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily in Vinmavis village on the west coast of Malekul island. Also spoken in 'Aran, about one kilometer south of Vinmavis.Spoken in Lowisal which is several Kilometers inland from Vinmavis. Spoken in Tisvel Point and Loloang. Spoken in Vilmbil, about seven kilometers north of Vinmavis and in Longarakh and Khatbol, several kilometers inland along the Nurumbat river from bushman's bay on the opposite (east) coast of the island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.2348006, 167.38699]]}",,,bib5395,yes -3371-location-2,3371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.22702, 167.401259]]}",,,bib395,no +3368-LEI-3,3368,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +3368-transmission-3,3368,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +3368-speaker_number_trends-3,3368,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +3368-vitality-3,3368,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes +3371-context-1,3371,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English""}",,,bib5418,yes +3371-location-1,3371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily in Vinmavis village on the west coast of Malekul island. Also spoken in 'Aran, about one kilometer south of Vinmavis.Spoken in Lowisal which is several Kilometers inland from Vinmavis. Spoken in Tisvel Point and Loloang. Spoken in Vilmbil, about seven kilometers north of Vinmavis and in Longarakh and Khatbol, several kilometers inland along the Nurumbat river from bushman's bay on the opposite (east) coast of the island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.2348006, 167.38699]]}",,,bib5418,yes +3371-location-2,3371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.22702, 167.401259]]}",,,bib396,no 3371-location-3,3371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.1666666667, 167.416666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3371-location-4,3371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central west Malekula Island""}",,,bib67,no -3371-speaker_number-1,3371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 500 ""primary speakers"" and 750 speakers total. It is not clear what criteria were used to determine primary from non-primary speakers.",bib5395,yes -3371-speakers-1,3371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""250?""}",,"There are 500 ""primary speakers"" and 750 speakers total. It is not clear what criteria were used to determine primary from non-primary speakers.",bib5395,yes +3371-speaker_number-1,3371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 500 ""primary speakers"" and 750 speakers total. It is not clear what criteria were used to determine primary from non-primary speakers.",bib5418,yes +3371-speakers-1,3371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""250?""}",,"There are 500 ""primary speakers"" and 750 speakers total. It is not clear what criteria were used to determine primary from non-primary speakers.",bib5418,yes 3371-speaker_number-2,3371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3371-speakers-2,3371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3371-speakers-3,3371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500""}",,,bib395,no +3371-speakers-3,3371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500""}",,,bib396,no 3371-speaker_number-4,3371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (Musgrave 2007),bib67,no 3371-speakers-4,3371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""710"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (Musgrave 2007),bib67,no -3371-LEI-1,3371,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5395,yes -3371-domains_of_use-1,3371,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5395,yes -3371-vitality-1,3371,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5395,yes +3371-LEI-1,3371,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5418,yes +3371-domains_of_use-1,3371,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5418,yes +3371-vitality-1,3371,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Public Policy in Vanuatu protects minority languages but promotes English as the language of education and Bislama as the national lingua franca.,bib5418,yes 3371-LEI-2,3371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3371-vitality-2,3371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3371-LEI-3,3371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3371-vitality-3,3371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3372-location-1,3372,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6286, 166.8383]]}",,,bib5307,no +3372-location-1,3372,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6286, 166.8383]]}",,,bib5330,no 3372-location-2,3372,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Temotu Province, Vanikolo Island, Lale and Lavaka villages""}",,,bib67,yes -3372-speaker_number-1,3372,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3372-speakers-1,3372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3372-speaker_number-1,3372,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3372-speakers-1,3372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3372-speaker_number-2,3372,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Speaker number data: (A. Francois 2007),bib67,yes 3372-speakers-2,3372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Speaker number data: (A. Francois 2007),bib67,yes -3372-LEI-1,3372,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3372-vitality-1,3372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3372-LEI-1,3372,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3372-vitality-1,3372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3372-LEI-2,3372,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3372-vitality-2,3372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3373-location-1,3373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.084411, 145.123767]]}",,,bib7945,no +3373-location-1,3373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.084411, 145.123767]]}",,,bib7970,no 3373-location-2,3373,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3373-speaker_number-1,3373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3373-speakers-1,3373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3373-speaker_number-2,3373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3373-speakers-2,3373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3373-speaker_number-2,3373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3373-speakers-2,3373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3373-speakers-3,3373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3373-LEI-1,3373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3373-vitality-1,3373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3373-LEI-2,3373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3373-vitality-2,3373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3376-location-1,3376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +3373-LEI-2,3373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3373-vitality-2,3373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3376-location-1,3376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 3376-location-2,3376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.83, 49.97]]}",,,bib75,no 3376-location-3,3376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 3376-speakers-1,3376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,yes -3379-location-1,3379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.21059785, 144.6573105]]}",,,bib1182,no +3379-location-1,3379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.21059785, 144.6573105]]}",,,bib1191,no 3379-location-2,3379,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Almaden, Great Dividing ridge, Irvinebank, Koorboora (Kaboura), Mareeba, Mount Garnett, Petford.""}",,,bib69,yes 3379-speaker_number-1,3379,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3379-speakers-1,3379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -36248,165 +36434,165 @@ Yakama [yak]: 25 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,000 (1977 SIL)." 3379-vitality-1,3379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3379-LEI-2,3379,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 3379-vitality-2,3379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -3380-location-1,3380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.91408273, 115.8212481]]}",,,bib1182,no -3380-location-2,3380,location,"{""Description"": ""Martuthunira country is located around the coastal plains between the Fortescue and Robe River area in the south-western Pilbara region of Western Australia. It extends inland across the town of Pannawonica and west to the Indian Ocean, north to the Maitland River and south almost to Cane River... The few remaining speakers and part speakers live near the coastal town of Onslow.""}",,,bib1588,no +3380-location-1,3380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.91408273, 115.8212481]]}",,,bib1191,no +3380-location-2,3380,location,"{""Description"": ""Martuthunira country is located around the coastal plains between the Fortescue and Robe River area in the south-western Pilbara region of Western Australia. It extends inland across the town of Pannawonica and west to the Indian Ocean, north to the Maitland River and south almost to Cane River... The few remaining speakers and part speakers live near the coastal town of Onslow.""}",,,bib1600,no 3380-location-3,3380,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3380-speaker_number-1,3380,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3380-speakers-1,3380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3380-speaker_number-2,3380,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than five speakers of the Martuthunira language. Dench estimated that only one speaker remained as at 1994. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Martuthunira and many more identify as being from Martuthunira heritage.",bib1588,no -3380-speakers-2,3380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than five speakers of the Martuthunira language. Dench estimated that only one speaker remained as at 1994. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Martuthunira and many more identify as being from Martuthunira heritage.",bib1588,no +3380-speaker_number-2,3380,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than five speakers of the Martuthunira language. Dench estimated that only one speaker remained as at 1994. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Martuthunira and many more identify as being from Martuthunira heritage.",bib1600,no +3380-speakers-2,3380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than five speakers of the Martuthunira language. Dench estimated that only one speaker remained as at 1994. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Martuthunira and many more identify as being from Martuthunira heritage.",bib1600,no 3380-speaker_number-3,3380,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3380-speakers-3,3380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3380-speaker_number-4,3380,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,yes 3380-speakers-4,3380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,yes 3380-LEI-1,3380,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3380-vitality-1,3380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3380-LEI-2,3380,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1588,no -3380-vitality-2,3380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1588,no +3380-LEI-2,3380,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1600,no +3380-vitality-2,3380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1600,no 3380-LEI-3,3380,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3380-vitality-3,3380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3380-LEI-4,3380,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3380-vitality-4,3380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3382-location-1,3382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1042, 22.2025]]}",,,bib5307,no -3382-location-2,3382,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece and the Republic of Maccedonia""], ""Description"": ""originally spoken in the area where the Vardar (Axios) River crosses the Macedonian-Greek border northwest of Salonika.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3382-location-1,3382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.1042, 22.2025]]}",,,bib5330,no +3382-location-2,3382,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece and the Republic of Maccedonia""], ""Description"": ""originally spoken in the area where the Vardar (Axios) River crosses the Macedonian-Greek border northwest of Salonika.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3382-location-3,3382,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece"", ""Macedonia""]}",,,bib67,no -3382-speaker_number-1,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3382-speakers-1,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3382-speaker_number-2,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3382-speakers-2,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3382-speaker_number-1,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3382-speakers-1,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3382-speaker_number-2,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3382-speakers-2,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3382-speaker_number-3,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3382-speakers-3,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3382-speaker_number-4,3382,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Greece (2002 N. Nicholas).",bib67,no 3382-speakers-4,3382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Greece (2002 N. Nicholas).",bib67,no -3382-LEI-1,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3382-vitality-1,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3382-LEI-2,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are probably few if any child speakers,bib6474,yes -3382-vitality-2,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There are probably few if any child speakers,bib6474,yes +3382-LEI-1,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3382-vitality-1,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3382-LEI-2,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are probably few if any child speakers,bib6498,yes +3382-vitality-2,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There are probably few if any child speakers,bib6498,yes 3382-LEI-3,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3382-vitality-3,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3382-LEI-4,3382,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3382-vitality-4,3382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3383-context-1,3383,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5307,no -3383-context-2,3383,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northern Chinese, Manchurian Olot, Dagur""}",,,bib6474,yes -3383-location-1,3383,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Fuyu County \u5bcc\u88d5\u7e23 in Heilongjiang Province \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f\u7701 in China; extinct since the early twentieth century in Hulun Buir League in Inner Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8, 124.2]]}",,,bib5307,no -3383-location-2,3383,location,"{""Places"": [""Manchuria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern bank of the lower Nonni, in Fuyu County in Heilongjiang Province in China.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3383-speaker_number-1,3383,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3383-speakers-1,3383,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3383-speaker_number-2,3383,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6474,yes -3383-speakers-2,3383,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib6474,yes -3383-LEI-1,3383,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3383-transmission-1,3383,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5307,no -3383-vitality-1,3383,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5307,no -3383-LEI-2,3383,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3383-transmission-2,3383,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,yes -3383-domains_of_use-2,3383,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6474,yes -3383-speaker_number_trends-2,3383,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,yes -3383-vitality-2,3383,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,yes -3384-context-1,3384,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish, Norwegian""}",,,bib6474,yes -3384-location-1,3384,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.272, 17.7978]]}",,,bib5307,no -3384-location-2,3384,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jokkmokk County and parts of Ga\u00a8llivare and other adjacent counties in Norrbotten Province (Lule Lappmark) in Sweden and in the Tysfjord region in northern Nordland Province in Norway.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3383-context-1,3383,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5330,no +3383-context-2,3383,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northern Chinese, Manchurian Olot, Dagur""}",,,bib6498,yes +3383-location-1,3383,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Fuyu County \u5bcc\u88d5\u7e23 in Heilongjiang Province \u9ed1\u9f8d\u6c5f\u7701 in China; extinct since the early twentieth century in Hulun Buir League in Inner Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[47.8, 124.2]]}",,,bib5330,no +3383-location-2,3383,location,"{""Places"": [""Manchuria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the eastern bank of the lower Nonni, in Fuyu County in Heilongjiang Province in China.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3383-speaker_number-1,3383,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3383-speakers-1,3383,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3383-speaker_number-2,3383,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6498,yes +3383-speakers-2,3383,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib6498,yes +3383-LEI-1,3383,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3383-transmission-1,3383,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5330,no +3383-vitality-1,3383,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5330,no +3383-LEI-2,3383,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3383-transmission-2,3383,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,yes +3383-domains_of_use-2,3383,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6498,yes +3383-speaker_number_trends-2,3383,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,yes +3383-vitality-2,3383,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,yes +3384-context-1,3384,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish, Norwegian""}",,,bib6498,yes +3384-location-1,3384,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.272, 17.7978]]}",,,bib5330,no +3384-location-2,3384,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jokkmokk County and parts of Ga\u00a8llivare and other adjacent counties in Norrbotten Province (Lule Lappmark) in Sweden and in the Tysfjord region in northern Nordland Province in Norway.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3384-location-3,3384,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden"", ""Norway""]}",,,bib67,no -3384-speakers-1,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-600 each in Sweden and Norway""}",,,bib6142,no -3384-speaker_number-2,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3384-speakers-2,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3384-speaker_number-3,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3384-speakers-3,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3384-speakers-1,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5-600 each in Sweden and Norway""}",,,bib6166,no +3384-speaker_number-2,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3384-speakers-2,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3384-speaker_number-3,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3384-speakers-3,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3384-speaker_number-4,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3384-speakers-4,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3384-speaker_number-5,3384,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 in Sweden (Krauss 1995) ... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Sweden.",bib67,no 3384-speakers-5,3384,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 in Sweden (Krauss 1995) ... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Sweden.",bib67,no -3384-LEI-2,3384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3384-vitality-2,3384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3384-LEI-3,3384,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6474,yes -3384-transmission-3,3384,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6474,yes -3384-speaker_number_trends-3,3384,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6474,yes -3384-vitality-3,3384,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6474,yes +3384-LEI-2,3384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3384-vitality-2,3384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3384-LEI-3,3384,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6498,yes +3384-transmission-3,3384,transmission,2,transmission-2,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6498,yes +3384-speaker_number_trends-3,3384,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6498,yes +3384-vitality-3,3384,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A small number of children learn the language, and while the trend seemed highly alarming a few years ago, the use of Lule Saami has recently been activated to some extent. Younger speakers may nevertheless prefer Swedish or Norwegian.",bib6498,yes 3384-LEI-4,3384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3384-vitality-4,3384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3384-LEI-5,3384,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3384-vitality-5,3384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3385-context-1,3385,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Karelian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Newspaper \u00abL\u00fc\u00fcdilaine Sana\u00bb, Ludian soceity \""Lyydil\u00e4inen seura\"" in Helsinki,""}",,"...людиковское наречие не было признано официально, и преподавания на нем в школах и в вузах Республики Карелия не осуществлялось. Исключением являлось с. Михайловское, где в 1990-х годах людиковское наречие преподавали в школе, но вскоре преподавание прекратилось. В настоящее время основными формами по -преподаванию языка являются языковые кружки и ежегодный языковой лагерь (Ilmori), но этого недостаточно для его сохранения. Деятельность по развитию и сохранению людиковского наречия карельского языка до настоящего момента осуществлялась исключительно силами энтузиастов.",bib6327,yes -3385-location-1,3385,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.5867, 33.6813]]}",,,bib5307,no -3385-location-2,3385,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Karelia, Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the southeast part of the Republic of Karelia in the Olonets, Pryazhinskii, and Kondpozhsckii regions. From the Suna river to the Svir' river."", ""Coordinates"": [[61.560369, 33.613872], [61.689983, 33.613408], [62.218717, 33.814108], [61.448416, 32.49874], [62.378102, 33.680422], [62.575686, 33.949267]]}",,"Карелы-людики (самоназвание – lüüdilaižed) традиционно проживают в ряде деревень и поселков юго-восточной части Республики Карелия в Олонецком, Пряжинском и Кондопожском районах. Наиболее крупными поселениями являются Михайловское, Святозеро, Пряжа, Виданы, Спасская Губа, Пялозеро, Юркостров, Тивдия, Ерши. В настоящее время территория, где проживают карелы-людики, тянется примерно на 200 км с севера на юг, от реки Суны до реки Свири, в меридиальном же направлении протяженность людиковского ареала не превышает 50 км.",bib6327,yes -3385-location-3,3385,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along a narrow strip streching from north to outh in the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation, covering the central parts of Kondopoga County, the eastern parts of Pryazha County, the northernmost corner of Onega (Prionezhskiy) County and the Mikhaylovskoye (Kuuja\u00a8rvi) region in the east of Olonets County""}",,,bib6474,no +преподаванию языка являются языковые кружки и ежегодный языковой лагерь (Ilmori), но этого недостаточно для его сохранения. Деятельность по развитию и сохранению людиковского наречия карельского языка до настоящего момента осуществлялась исключительно силами энтузиастов.",bib6351,yes +3385-location-1,3385,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.5867, 33.6813]]}",,,bib5330,no +3385-location-2,3385,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Karelia, Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the southeast part of the Republic of Karelia in the Olonets, Pryazhinskii, and Kondpozhsckii regions. From the Suna river to the Svir' river."", ""Coordinates"": [[61.560369, 33.613872], [61.689983, 33.613408], [62.218717, 33.814108], [61.448416, 32.49874], [62.378102, 33.680422], [62.575686, 33.949267]]}",,"Карелы-людики (самоназвание – lüüdilaižed) традиционно проживают в ряде деревень и поселков юго-восточной части Республики Карелия в Олонецком, Пряжинском и Кондопожском районах. Наиболее крупными поселениями являются Михайловское, Святозеро, Пряжа, Виданы, Спасская Губа, Пялозеро, Юркостров, Тивдия, Ерши. В настоящее время территория, где проживают карелы-людики, тянется примерно на 200 км с севера на юг, от реки Суны до реки Свири, в меридиальном же направлении протяженность людиковского ареала не превышает 50 км.",bib6351,yes +3385-location-3,3385,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along a narrow strip streching from north to outh in the Republic of Karelia in the Russian Federation, covering the central parts of Kondopoga County, the eastern parts of Pryazha County, the northernmost corner of Onega (Prionezhskiy) County and the Mikhaylovskoye (Kuuja\u00a8rvi) region in the east of Olonets County""}",,,bib6498,no 3385-location-4,3385,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3385-speaker_number-1,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3385-speakers-1,3385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3385-speaker_number-1,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3385-speakers-1,3385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3385-speaker_number-2,3385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"В настоящее время, согласно оценочным данным, людиков осталось не более 4–5 тысяч человек, но только 300 из них являются носителями своего языка. Большая часть владеющих языком – предста- -вители старшего поколения. Молодежь практически не говорит на языке.",bib6327,yes +вители старшего поколения. Молодежь практически не говорит на языке.",bib6351,yes 3385-speakers-2,3385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"В настоящее время, согласно оценочным данным, людиков осталось не более 4–5 тысяч человек, но только 300 из них являются носителями своего языка. Большая часть владеющих языком – предста- -вители старшего поколения. Молодежь практически не говорит на языке.",bib6327,yes -3385-speaker_number-3,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,no -3385-speakers-3,3385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,no +вители старшего поколения. Молодежь практически не говорит на языке.",bib6351,yes +3385-speaker_number-3,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,no +3385-speakers-3,3385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,no 3385-speaker_number-4,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3385-speakers-4,3385,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3385-speaker_number-5,3385,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (2007). Ethnic population: 10,000.",bib67,no 3385-speakers-5,3385,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (2007). Ethnic population: 10,000.",bib67,no -3385-LEI-1,3385,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3385-vitality-1,3385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3385-LEI-1,3385,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3385-vitality-1,3385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3385-LEI-2,3385,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Людиковское наречие находится на грани полного исчезновения."" -""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6327,yes +""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6351,yes 3385-transmission-2,3385,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Людиковское наречие находится на грани полного исчезновения."" -""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6327,yes +""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6351,yes 3385-vitality-2,3385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Людиковское наречие находится на грани полного исчезновения."" -""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6327,yes -3385-LEI-3,3385,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3385-transmission-3,3385,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,no -3385-vitality-3,3385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +""Главными причинами быстрого угасания людиковского наречия карельского языка является отсутствие его преподавания в учебных заведениях, а также официальной поддержки деятельности по сохранению и развитию.",bib6351,yes +3385-LEI-3,3385,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3385-transmission-3,3385,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,no +3385-vitality-3,3385,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 3385-LEI-4,3385,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3385-vitality-4,3385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3385-LEI-5,3385,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3385-vitality-5,3385,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3387-context-1,3387,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school, everyday communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6474,yes -3387-location-1,3387,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.1116, 9.1845]]}",,,bib5307,no -3387-location-2,3387,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""central Sardinia""}",,,bib6474,yes +3387-context-1,3387,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school, everyday communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6498,yes +3387-location-1,3387,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.1116, 9.1845]]}",,,bib5330,no +3387-location-2,3387,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""central Sardinia""}",,,bib6498,yes 3387-location-3,3387,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -3387-speaker_number-1,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3387-speakers-1,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3387-speaker_number-2,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3387-speakers-2,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3387-speaker_number-1,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3387-speakers-1,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3387-speaker_number-2,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3387-speakers-2,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3387-speaker_number-3,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3387-speakers-3,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3387-speaker_number-4,3387,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,no 3387-speakers-4,3387,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,no -3387-LEI-1,3387,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3387-vitality-1,3387,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3387-LEI-2,3387,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3387-transmission-2,3387,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3387-domains_of_use-2,3387,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3387-vitality-2,3387,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes +3387-LEI-1,3387,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3387-vitality-1,3387,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3387-LEI-2,3387,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3387-transmission-2,3387,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3387-domains_of_use-2,3387,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3387-vitality-2,3387,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes 3387-LEI-3,3387,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3387-vitality-3,3387,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3387-LEI-4,3387,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3387-vitality-4,3387,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3388-context-1,3388,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Latvian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""L\u012bv\u00f5 Kult\u016br Sid\u0101m (Latvia), Liivi S\u00f5prade Selts (Tartu, Estonia), Livonian-German dictionary, New Testament""}",,"...it is not actively promoted by central government in either Estonia or Latvia. Therefore the language is destined to be the focus of a minority interest group and, even on its home territory, the reminders of the language’s presence are pretty weak.",bib5311,no -3388-context-2,3388,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Latvian, Russian, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indeed, despite the activities of the Livonian community, significant contributions to the field of Livonian language research, intense popularising of Livonian issues by the Latvian Language Agency, and the recent establishment of the University of Latvia Livonian Institute, some sense of alienation may still be felt between the Livonians and Latvian society as a whole. This situation may not be improved by governmental efforts alone; a change in public opinion is the decisive factor. Until now, the focus in public discourse concerning the Livonians has been on factual information about language, ethnodemography, history, and also on Livonian organisations and governmental support for Livo-nian language and culture. The development and protection measures directed to the Livonian language are largely ignoring the language situation in the Republic of Latvia \u2013 the ethnogenetic territory of both the Livonians and Latvians."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Latvian Language Agency, University of Latvia Livonian Institute""}",,,bib4219,yes +3388-context-1,3388,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Latvian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""L\u012bv\u00f5 Kult\u016br Sid\u0101m (Latvia), Liivi S\u00f5prade Selts (Tartu, Estonia), Livonian-German dictionary, New Testament""}",,"...it is not actively promoted by central government in either Estonia or Latvia. Therefore the language is destined to be the focus of a minority interest group and, even on its home territory, the reminders of the language’s presence are pretty weak.",bib5334,no +3388-context-2,3388,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Latvian, Russian, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indeed, despite the activities of the Livonian community, significant contributions to the field of Livonian language research, intense popularising of Livonian issues by the Latvian Language Agency, and the recent establishment of the University of Latvia Livonian Institute, some sense of alienation may still be felt between the Livonians and Latvian society as a whole. This situation may not be improved by governmental efforts alone; a change in public opinion is the decisive factor. Until now, the focus in public discourse concerning the Livonians has been on factual information about language, ethnodemography, history, and also on Livonian organisations and governmental support for Livo-nian language and culture. The development and protection measures directed to the Livonian language are largely ignoring the language situation in the Republic of Latvia \u2013 the ethnogenetic territory of both the Livonians and Latvians."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Latvian Language Agency, University of Latvia Livonian Institute""}",,,bib4239,yes 3388-context-3,3388,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Latvian""}",,,bib213,no -3388-location-1,3388,location,"{""Places"": [""Latvia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly along the northern coast of Curonia in the northwest, but also scattered elsewhere; formerly also in the historical province of Livonia east of the Gulf of Riga.""}",,,bib6474,no +3388-location-1,3388,location,"{""Places"": [""Latvia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken mainly along the northern coast of Curonia in the northwest, but also scattered elsewhere; formerly also in the historical province of Livonia east of the Gulf of Riga.""}",,,bib6498,no 3388-location-2,3388,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[56.8333333333, 24.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3388-location-3,3388,location,"{""Places"": [""Latvia""], ""Description"": ""on the northern edge of the coast of Kurzeme province in western Latvia.""}",,,bib5311,no +3388-location-3,3388,location,"{""Places"": [""Latvia""], ""Description"": ""on the northern edge of the coast of Kurzeme province in western Latvia.""}",,,bib5334,no 3388-location-4,3388,location,"{""Places"": [""Latvia""], ""Description"": ""Riga city: Kurzeme district, west of Kolkasrags, 12 coastal villages; otherwise scattered.""}",,,bib69,no 3388-location-5,3388,location,"{""Description"": ""Ancient Livonians lived in Livonia, i.e. in the 60--100 km wide area on the eastern coast of the Livonian Bay from the V\u00e4ina river (Daugava) to the Estonian territory and in north Courland among the Courlanders. Some researchers are of the opinion that the Livonian habitat in North Latvia could have been wider. According to the chronicle of Henrik the Lett, the Livonians lived at the estuary of the V\u00e4ina, on the Koiva (Gauya) and in Salatsi (Salaca).\n\nNowadays, there are only an insignificant number of Livonians, living in the coastal villages of Northwest Courland and dispersed throughout Latvia (Ventspils, Talsi, Riga).""}",,,bib213,no -3388-speaker_number-1,3388,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1989, fifty speakers were reported from Latvia and about the same number in parts of the Russian Federation, but these figures were clearly inflated. There is possibly only one speaker with full native competence, which makes the language nearly extinct. At the same time, there are several younger descendants of Livonian speakers who have learnt Livonian as second language and cultivate it actively.",bib6474,no -3388-speakers-1,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1989, fifty speakers were reported from Latvia and about the same number in parts of the Russian Federation, but these figures were clearly inflated. There is possibly only one speaker with full native competence, which makes the language nearly extinct. At the same time, there are several younger descendants of Livonian speakers who have learnt Livonian as second language and cultivate it actively.",bib6474,no -3388-speakers-2,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Some""}",,"...in 2011 a 101-year-old speaker was known to be living... in Toronto; she moved away [from Latvia] in 1944. She has since died, and so, in terms of native-born mother-tongue speakers, the language could be said to be extinct."" ""Ethnic Livonians using the heritage language are scattered.",bib5311,no -3388-speakers-3,3388,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The 30 people mentioned above (Livones) who speak Livonian well include scientists and other interested individuals from research insti-tutions around the world but who are not Livonians themselves; Livo-nian descendants who did not learn Livonian from their parents but from their grandparents; also those who learned Livonian from a fluent older speaker (not a family member) and through self-study. It may be that 30 is too large of a number if we evaluate these speakers using, for example, the language proficiency levels as defined by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (using their general principles, as a description of Livonian language proficiency levels is not, of course, currently available and for the time being is not even pos-sible to generate)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"250 people self-identified as Livonian on the 2011 Latvian Census, however as the authors of the paper note, this number may not be accurate.",bib4219,yes +3388-speaker_number-1,3388,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1989, fifty speakers were reported from Latvia and about the same number in parts of the Russian Federation, but these figures were clearly inflated. There is possibly only one speaker with full native competence, which makes the language nearly extinct. At the same time, there are several younger descendants of Livonian speakers who have learnt Livonian as second language and cultivate it actively.",bib6498,no +3388-speakers-1,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1989, fifty speakers were reported from Latvia and about the same number in parts of the Russian Federation, but these figures were clearly inflated. There is possibly only one speaker with full native competence, which makes the language nearly extinct. At the same time, there are several younger descendants of Livonian speakers who have learnt Livonian as second language and cultivate it actively.",bib6498,no +3388-speakers-2,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Some""}",,"...in 2011 a 101-year-old speaker was known to be living... in Toronto; she moved away [from Latvia] in 1944. She has since died, and so, in terms of native-born mother-tongue speakers, the language could be said to be extinct."" ""Ethnic Livonians using the heritage language are scattered.",bib5334,no +3388-speakers-3,3388,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The 30 people mentioned above (Livones) who speak Livonian well include scientists and other interested individuals from research insti-tutions around the world but who are not Livonians themselves; Livo-nian descendants who did not learn Livonian from their parents but from their grandparents; also those who learned Livonian from a fluent older speaker (not a family member) and through self-study. It may be that 30 is too large of a number if we evaluate these speakers using, for example, the language proficiency levels as defined by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (using their general principles, as a description of Livonian language proficiency levels is not, of course, currently available and for the time being is not even pos-sible to generate)."", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"250 people self-identified as Livonian on the 2011 Latvian Census, however as the authors of the paper note, this number may not be accurate.",bib4239,yes 3388-speaker_number-4,3388,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3388-speakers-4,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3388-speaker_number-5,3388,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(T. Salminen),bib69,no 3388-speakers-5,3388,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(T. Salminen),bib69,no 3388-speaker_number-6,3388,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 35 persons could speak Livonian in 1990, 15 of them fluently.",bib213,no 3388-speakers-6,3388,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~20""}",,"About 35 persons could speak Livonian in 1990, 15 of them fluently.",bib213,no -3388-LEI-1,3388,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3388-transmission-1,3388,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6474,no -3388-domains_of_use-1,3388,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6474,no -3388-speaker_number_trends-1,3388,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6474,no -3388-vitality-1,3388,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,no -3388-LEI-2,3388,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5311,no -3388-vitality-2,3388,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5311,no -3388-LEI-3,3388,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4219,yes -3388-vitality-3,3388,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4219,yes +3388-LEI-1,3388,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3388-transmission-1,3388,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6498,no +3388-domains_of_use-1,3388,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6498,no +3388-speaker_number_trends-1,3388,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6498,no +3388-vitality-1,3388,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,no +3388-LEI-2,3388,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5334,no +3388-vitality-2,3388,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5334,no +3388-LEI-3,3388,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4239,yes +3388-vitality-3,3388,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4239,yes 3388-LEI-4,3388,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3388-vitality-4,3388,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3388-LEI-5,3388,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no @@ -36414,105 +36600,105 @@ Yakama [yak]: 25 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 8,000 (1977 SIL)." 3388-LEI-6,3388,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3388-speaker_number_trends-6,3388,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib213,no 3388-vitality-6,3388,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib213,no -3391-location-1,3391,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.8899, 2.5378]]}",,,bib5307,no -3391-location-2,3391,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area from Bordeaux in the northwest to Montpellier in the southeast, and from Toulouse in the southwest to Rodez in the northeast, covering the departments of Aveyron, Lot, Lotet- Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Tarn, Aude, He\u00b4rault, the eastern parts of Haute-\nGaronne and Arie`ge, the southern parts of Dordogne, the Aurillac region of Cantal, the western parts of Gard, and smaller areas in Loze`re, Pyre\u00b4ne\u00b4es-Orientales, and Gironde.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3391-speaker_number-1,3391,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3391-speakers-1,3391,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes -3391-LEI-1,3391,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,very few children learn the language.,bib6474,yes -3391-transmission-1,3391,transmission,1,transmission-1,very few children learn the language.,bib6474,yes -3391-speaker_number_trends-1,3391,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,very few children learn the language.,bib6474,yes -3391-vitality-1,3391,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,very few children learn the language.,bib6474,yes +3391-location-1,3391,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.8899, 2.5378]]}",,,bib5330,no +3391-location-2,3391,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in an area from Bordeaux in the northwest to Montpellier in the southeast, and from Toulouse in the southwest to Rodez in the northeast, covering the departments of Aveyron, Lot, Lotet- Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Tarn, Aude, He\u00b4rault, the eastern parts of Haute-\nGaronne and Arie`ge, the southern parts of Dordogne, the Aurillac region of Cantal, the western parts of Gard, and smaller areas in Loze`re, Pyre\u00b4ne\u00b4es-Orientales, and Gironde.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3391-speaker_number-1,3391,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3391-speakers-1,3391,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes +3391-LEI-1,3391,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,very few children learn the language.,bib6498,yes +3391-transmission-1,3391,transmission,1,transmission-1,very few children learn the language.,bib6498,yes +3391-speaker_number_trends-1,3391,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,very few children learn the language.,bib6498,yes +3391-vitality-1,3391,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,very few children learn the language.,bib6498,yes 3392-context-1,3392,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian, German"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Taught in primary schools""}",,Some children learn it but stop using it at school age.,bib70,no -3392-context-2,3392,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""The provincial government supports Ladin language. There are publications written in Ladin, and it is taught through high school.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3392-location-1,3392,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5531, 11.8597]]}",,,bib5307,no +3392-context-2,3392,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""The provincial government supports Ladin language. There are publications written in Ladin, and it is taught through high school.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3392-location-1,3392,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5531, 11.8597]]}",,,bib5330,no 3392-location-2,3392,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Italy""]}",,,bib70,no -3392-location-3,3392,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,"Spoken in several towns and villages in the Dolomites, including Badia and Marebbe in the Badia valley and Gardena in the Gardena valley in Bolzano Province (South Tyrol), Fassa in the Fassa valley in Trento Province, and Livinallongo in the Cordevole valley in Belluno Province.",bib6474,yes +3392-location-3,3392,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,"Spoken in several towns and villages in the Dolomites, including Badia and Marebbe in the Badia valley and Gardena in the Gardena valley in Bolzano Province (South Tyrol), Fassa in the Fassa valley in Trento Province, and Livinallongo in the Cordevole valley in Belluno Province.",bib6498,yes 3392-location-4,3392,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5833333333, 11.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -3392-speaker_number-1,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3392-speakers-1,3392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3392-speaker_number-1,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3392-speakers-1,3392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3392-speaker_number-2,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no 3392-speakers-2,3392,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib70,no -3392-speaker_number-3,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3392-speakers-3,3392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3392-speaker_number-3,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3392-speakers-3,3392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3392-speaker_number-4,3392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3392-speakers-4,3392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3392-LEI-1,3392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3392-vitality-1,3392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3392-LEI-1,3392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3392-vitality-1,3392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3392-LEI-2,3392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3392-vitality-2,3392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3392-LEI-3,3392,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3392-transmission-3,3392,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3392-speaker_number_trends-3,3392,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes -3392-vitality-3,3392,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6474,yes +3392-LEI-3,3392,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3392-transmission-3,3392,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3392-speaker_number_trends-3,3392,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes +3392-vitality-3,3392,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Some children learn the language, but many stop using it at school age.",bib6498,yes 3392-LEI-4,3392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3392-vitality-4,3392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3393-context-1,3393,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6474,yes -3393-location-1,3393,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.9188, 77.7941]]}",,,bib5307,no -3393-location-2,3393,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Pur County and the southern parts of Nadym county in Yamal Nenets Autonomous District and the adjacent parts of Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut and Beloyarskiy counties in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes -3393-speaker_number-1,3393,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -3393-speakers-1,3393,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes -3393-LEI-1,3393,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6474,yes -3393-transmission-1,3393,transmission,3,transmission-3,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6474,yes -3393-vitality-1,3393,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6474,yes -3395-context-1,3395,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Italian""}",,,bib6474,yes +3393-context-1,3393,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib6498,yes +3393-location-1,3393,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.9188, 77.7941]]}",,,bib5330,no +3393-location-2,3393,location,"{""Places"": [""Siberia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Pur County and the southern parts of Nadym county in Yamal Nenets Autonomous District and the adjacent parts of Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut and Beloyarskiy counties in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes +3393-speaker_number-1,3393,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +3393-speakers-1,3393,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes +3393-LEI-1,3393,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6498,yes +3393-transmission-1,3393,transmission,3,transmission-3,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6498,yes +3393-vitality-1,3393,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"A few children learn the language, but many shift to Russian at school age.",bib6498,yes +3395-context-1,3395,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Italian""}",,,bib6498,yes 3395-location-1,3395,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""Faeto and Celle di St.Vito, in the southern province of Apuilia. Outpost communities where Faetar is spoken are found at least in northern Italy,\nSwitzerland, Germany, Canada, and the United States. Perhaps the largest of these is in the Greater TorontoArea (hereafter Toronto), where some community members estimate there are >2,000 people from, or with ancestors from, Celle\nand Faeto."", ""Coordinates"": [[41.323, 15.162]]}",,"The language examined here is Faetar, an endangered Francoprovenc¸al (FP) variety spoken by fewer than 1,000 people in two mountaintop villages in -southern Italy (Apulia): Faeto and Celle di St.Vito. The contact situation between Faetar and other varieties spoken in Apulia has existed for some 700 years, since a group of Francoprovenc¸al speakers moved from a region east of Lyon, France, and founded Faeto and Celle (Nagy 1996: Chapter 3).",bib5438,no -3395-location-2,3395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.7828, 6.9982]]}",,,bib5307,no -3395-location-3,3395,location,"{""Places"": [""France, Italy, Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Savoy; Ain; Rhone;Loire, France. Valais;Fribourg, Switzerland. Faeto; Celle San Vito, Italy""}",,,bib6474,yes +southern Italy (Apulia): Faeto and Celle di St.Vito. The contact situation between Faetar and other varieties spoken in Apulia has existed for some 700 years, since a group of Francoprovenc¸al speakers moved from a region east of Lyon, France, and founded Faeto and Celle (Nagy 1996: Chapter 3).",bib5461,no +3395-location-2,3395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.7828, 6.9982]]}",,,bib5330,no +3395-location-3,3395,location,"{""Places"": [""France, Italy, Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Savoy; Ain; Rhone;Loire, France. Valais;Fribourg, Switzerland. Faeto; Celle San Vito, Italy""}",,,bib6498,yes 3395-location-4,3395,location,"{""Places"": [""France"", ""Switzerland"", ""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -3395-speaker_number-1,3395,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3395-speakers-1,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3395-speaker_number-2,3395,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3395-speakers-2,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3395-speaker_number-1,3395,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3395-speakers-1,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3395-speaker_number-2,3395,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3395-speakers-2,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3395-speaker_number-3,3395,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3395-speakers-3,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3395-speaker_number-4,3395,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"70,000 in France (1971 census). Population total all countries: 147,000.",bib67,no 3395-speakers-4,3395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""147,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"70,000 in France (1971 census). Population total all countries: 147,000.",bib67,no -3395-LEI-1,3395,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3395-vitality-1,3395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3395-LEI-2,3395,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3395-transmission-2,3395,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,yes -3395-vitality-2,3395,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3395-LEI-1,3395,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3395-vitality-1,3395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3395-LEI-2,3395,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3395-transmission-2,3395,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,yes +3395-vitality-2,3395,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3395-LEI-3,3395,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3395-vitality-3,3395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3395-LEI-4,3395,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3395-vitality-4,3395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3396-context-1,3396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All are bilingual in English.,bib5309,no -3396-location-1,3396,location,"{""Description"": ""Kurrama country is traditionally around the Hamersley Range area from Marandoo and Tom Price to Palm Springs in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Traditional land also extended along Duck Creek, around Boolgeeda Creek, the western arm of the Beasley River down to Cajuput Spring, and around Red Hill.""}",,,bib1585,yes +3396-context-1,3396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All are bilingual in English.,bib5332,no +3396-location-1,3396,location,"{""Description"": ""Kurrama country is traditionally around the Hamersley Range area from Marandoo and Tom Price to Palm Springs in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Traditional land also extended along Duck Creek, around Boolgeeda Creek, the western arm of the Beasley River down to Cajuput Spring, and around Red Hill.""}",,,bib1597,yes 3396-location-2,3396,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3396-location-3,3396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.86592473, 116.6221125]]}",,,bib1182,no -3396-location-4,3396,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Pannawonica.""]}",,,bib5309,no -3396-speaker_number-1,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3396-speakers-1,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -3396-speaker_number-2,3396,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 10 Kurrama speakers left. Now, that number will be less but is unknown. There are many more Kurrama people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kurrama heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.",bib1585,yes -3396-speakers-2,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 10 Kurrama speakers left. Now, that number will be less but is unknown. There are many more Kurrama people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kurrama heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.",bib1585,yes +3396-location-3,3396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.86592473, 116.6221125]]}",,,bib1191,no +3396-location-4,3396,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Pannawonica.""]}",,,bib5332,no +3396-speaker_number-1,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3396-speakers-1,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +3396-speaker_number-2,3396,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 10 Kurrama speakers left. Now, that number will be less but is unknown. There are many more Kurrama people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kurrama heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.",bib1597,yes +3396-speakers-2,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 10 Kurrama speakers left. Now, that number will be less but is unknown. There are many more Kurrama people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kurrama heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.",bib1597,yes 3396-speaker_number-3,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3396-speakers-3,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3396-speaker_number-4,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3396-speakers-4,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3396-speaker_number-5,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3396-speakers-5,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3396-speaker_number-5,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3396-speakers-5,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3396-speaker_number-6,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3396-speakers-6,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3396-speaker_number-7,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5309,no -3396-speakers-7,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5309,no -3396-LEI-1,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3396-vitality-1,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3396-LEI-2,3396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1585,yes -3396-vitality-2,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1585,yes +3396-speaker_number-7,3396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5332,no +3396-speakers-7,3396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, perhaps fifty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5332,no +3396-LEI-1,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3396-vitality-1,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3396-LEI-2,3396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1597,yes +3396-vitality-2,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1597,yes 3396-LEI-3,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3396-vitality-3,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3396-LEI-4,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3396-vitality-4,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3396-LEI-5,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3396-vitality-5,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3396-LEI-5,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3396-vitality-5,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3396-LEI-6,3396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3396-vitality-6,3396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3396-LEI-7,3396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3396-transmission-7,3396,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3396-domains_of_use-7,3396,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3396-speaker_number_trends-7,3396,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3396-vitality-7,3396,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5309,no +3396-LEI-7,3396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3396-transmission-7,3396,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3396-domains_of_use-7,3396,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3396-speaker_number_trends-7,3396,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3396-vitality-7,3396,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is endangered and is moving towards being seriously endangered.,bib5332,no 3397-location-1,3397,location,"{""Places"": [""India: southern highlands""], ""Description"": ""\""Vishacans are the inhabitants of the Ernakulam and Trichur districts. They are seen at Parana and Perumuzhi on the banks of theIdamala river, Idyara Range, Moovatupuzha Taluk. Stray groups are seen on the banks of the Chalakudi river near Ittyani.\"" (p.156)""}",,,bib158,yes 3397-location-2,3397,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.18, 76.76]]}",,,bib75,no 3397-location-3,3397,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kerala, Ernakulam, Kottayam, Thrissur districts, Parana and Perumuzhi on Idamala River, Idyara Range, Moovatupuzha Taluk; Chalakudi River near Ittyani""}",,,bib67,no @@ -36528,101 +36714,101 @@ southern Italy (Apulia): Faeto and Celle di St.Vito. The contact situation betwe 3397-vitality-2,3397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib158,yes 3397-LEI-3,3397,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3397-vitality-3,3397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3398-context-1,3398,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhalese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""absorbed into modern Sinhalese society in terms of both lifestyle and language."" (p. 305)",bib8242,yes -3398-location-1,3398,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.346, 81.3935]]}",,,bib5307,no -3398-location-2,3398,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""]}",,,bib8242,yes +3398-context-1,3398,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhalese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""absorbed into modern Sinhalese society in terms of both lifestyle and language."" (p. 305)",bib8267,yes +3398-location-1,3398,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.346, 81.3935]]}",,,bib5330,no +3398-location-2,3398,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""]}",,,bib8267,yes 3398-location-3,3398,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0, 81.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3398-location-4,3398,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Eastern mountains, Badulla and Polonnaruwa districts""}",,,bib67,no -3398-speaker_number-1,3398,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3398-speakers-1,3398,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3398-speakers-2,3398,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib8242,yes +3398-speaker_number-1,3398,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3398-speakers-1,3398,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3398-speakers-2,3398,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib8267,yes 3398-speaker_number-3,3398,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3398-speakers-3,3398,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3398-speaker_number-4,3398,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3398-speakers-4,3398,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500 (2002)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3398-LEI-1,3398,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3398-vitality-1,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3398-LEI-2,3398,LEI,Dormant (),,"""It is not known whether there are still any surviving speakers of the original, albeit heavily Indo-Aryanised Vedda language..."" (p.305)",bib8242,yes -3398-vitality-2,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"""It is not known whether there are still any surviving speakers of the original, albeit heavily Indo-Aryanised Vedda language..."" (p.305)",bib8242,yes +3398-LEI-1,3398,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3398-vitality-1,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3398-LEI-2,3398,LEI,Dormant (),,"""It is not known whether there are still any surviving speakers of the original, albeit heavily Indo-Aryanised Vedda language..."" (p.305)",bib8267,yes +3398-vitality-2,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"""It is not known whether there are still any surviving speakers of the original, albeit heavily Indo-Aryanised Vedda language..."" (p.305)",bib8267,yes 3398-LEI-3,3398,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3398-vitality-3,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3398-LEI-4,3398,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Veddah reportedly no longer used (Breton 1997),bib67,no 3398-vitality-4,3398,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Veddah reportedly no longer used (Breton 1997),bib67,no 3399-location-1,3399,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.25, 86.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3399-location-2,3399,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Janakpur zone, Ramechhap District, Mudajor and Sukajor villages; Sindhuli District, Manedihi village""}",,,bib67,no -3399-location-3,3399,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2912, 86.0696]]}",,,bib5307,no +3399-location-3,3399,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2912, 86.0696]]}",,,bib5330,no 3399-location-4,3399,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,yes -3399-location-5,3399,location,"{""Places"": [""Murajor village in Ramechhap District, Nepal and Manedihi village in Sindhuli District, Nepal""]}",,,bib5156,no +3399-location-5,3399,location,"{""Places"": [""Murajor village in Ramechhap District, Nepal and Manedihi village in Sindhuli District, Nepal""]}",,,bib5178,no 3399-speaker_number-1,3399,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data (2001 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1,821 (2001 census) to 2,826 (2000)",bib67,no 3399-speakers-1,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data (2001 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1,821 (2001 census) to 2,826 (2000)",bib67,no -3399-speaker_number-2,3399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3399-speakers-2,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3399-speaker_number-2,3399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3399-speakers-2,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3399-speaker_number-3,3399,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3399-speakers-3,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,743"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3399-speaker_number-4,3399,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib140,yes 3399-speakers-4,3399,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2925"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib140,yes -3399-speaker_number-5,3399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"'There are probably about 200 speakers, all bilingual in Nepali'",bib5156,no -3399-speakers-5,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"'There are probably about 200 speakers, all bilingual in Nepali'",bib5156,no +3399-speaker_number-5,3399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"'There are probably about 200 speakers, all bilingual in Nepali'",bib5178,no +3399-speakers-5,3399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"'There are probably about 200 speakers, all bilingual in Nepali'",bib5178,no 3399-LEI-1,3399,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3399-vitality-1,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3399-LEI-2,3399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3399-vitality-2,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3399-LEI-2,3399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3399-vitality-2,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3399-LEI-3,3399,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3399-vitality-3,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3399-LEI-4,3399,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,yes 3399-speaker_number_trends-4,3399,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib140,yes 3399-vitality-4,3399,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib140,yes -3399-LEI-5,3399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"'Since 1973 it has stopped being spoken by most children in Murajor, but it is still being learnt in Manedihi'",bib5156,no -3399-vitality-5,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"'Since 1973 it has stopped being spoken by most children in Murajor, but it is still being learnt in Manedihi'",bib5156,no -3400-location-1,3400,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.1037, 13.1396]]}",,,bib5307,no -3400-location-2,3400,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the Autonomous Region Friuli-Venezia\nGiulia except Trieste Province and western and eastern border regions, and in Portogruaro area in Venezia Province in Veneto Region.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3399-LEI-5,3399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"'Since 1973 it has stopped being spoken by most children in Murajor, but it is still being learnt in Manedihi'",bib5178,no +3399-vitality-5,3399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"'Since 1973 it has stopped being spoken by most children in Murajor, but it is still being learnt in Manedihi'",bib5178,no +3400-location-1,3400,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.1037, 13.1396]]}",,,bib5330,no +3400-location-2,3400,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the Autonomous Region Friuli-Venezia\nGiulia except Trieste Province and western and eastern border regions, and in Portogruaro area in Venezia Province in Veneto Region.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3400-location-3,3400,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -3400-speaker_number-1,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3400-speakers-1,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -3400-speaker_number-2,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3400-speakers-2,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000- 500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3400-speaker_number-1,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3400-speakers-1,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +3400-speaker_number-2,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3400-speakers-2,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000- 500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3400-speaker_number-3,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3400-speakers-3,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""794,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3400-speaker_number-4,3400,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 3400-speakers-4,3400,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""794,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -3400-LEI-1,3400,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3400-vitality-1,3400,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3400-LEI-2,3400,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6474,yes -3400-transmission-2,3400,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6474,yes -3400-speaker_number_trends-2,3400,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6474,yes -3400-vitality-2,3400,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6474,yes +3400-LEI-1,3400,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3400-vitality-1,3400,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3400-LEI-2,3400,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6498,yes +3400-transmission-2,3400,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6498,yes +3400-speaker_number_trends-2,3400,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6498,yes +3400-vitality-2,3400,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age",bib6498,yes 3400-LEI-3,3400,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3400-vitality-3,3400,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3400-LEI-4,3400,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3400-vitality-4,3400,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3402-location-1,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in four villages about 200km SSW of Tehran... Only two of the very close subdialects, from the villages of Vafs and Gurchan, have been documented"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.470133, 48.994035]]}",,,bib7034,yes +3402-location-1,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in four villages about 200km SSW of Tehran... Only two of the very close subdialects, from the villages of Vafs and Gurchan, have been documented"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.470133, 48.994035]]}",,,bib7058,yes 3402-location-2,3402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6666666667, 49.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3402-location-3,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Markazi Province, Arak District, Vafs, near Tafresh""}",,,bib67,no -3402-location-4,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.216268, 50.31578]]}",,,bib1125,no -3402-location-5,3402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0867, 49.8861]]}",,,bib5307,no +3402-location-4,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.216268, 50.31578]]}",,,bib1134,no +3402-location-5,3402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0867, 49.8861]]}",,,bib5330,no 3402-location-6,3402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.53, 50.0]]}",,,bib75,no -3402-location-7,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Vafsi is spoken in four villages in west central Iran: Vafs, Chehreqa\u0304n, Gurcha\u0304n, and Fark."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.85, 49.383333], [34.85, 49.25], [34.816667, 49.5], [34.85, 49.45]]}",,,bib7037,no -3402-speaker_number-1,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7034,yes -3402-speakers-1,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7034,yes +3402-location-7,3402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Vafsi is spoken in four villages in west central Iran: Vafs, Chehreqa\u0304n, Gurcha\u0304n, and Fark."", ""Coordinates"": [[34.85, 49.383333], [34.85, 49.25], [34.816667, 49.5], [34.85, 49.45]]}",,,bib7061,no +3402-speaker_number-1,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7058,yes +3402-speakers-1,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7058,yes 3402-speaker_number-2,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3402-speakers-2,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3402-speaker_number-3,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3402-speakers-3,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3402-speaker_number-4,3402,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7037,no -3402-speakers-4,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,576-6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7037,no +3402-speaker_number-3,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3402-speakers-3,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3402-speaker_number-4,3402,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7061,no +3402-speakers-4,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,576-6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7061,no 3402-speaker_number-5,3402,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3402-speakers-5,3402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3402-LEI-1,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7034,yes -3402-vitality-1,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7034,yes +3402-LEI-1,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7058,yes +3402-vitality-1,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7058,yes 3402-LEI-2,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3402-vitality-2,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3402-LEI-3,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3402-vitality-3,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3402-LEI-4,3402,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7037,no -3402-vitality-4,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7037,no +3402-LEI-3,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3402-vitality-3,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3402-LEI-4,3402,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7061,no +3402-vitality-4,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7061,no 3402-LEI-5,3402,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3402-vitality-5,3402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3403-location-1,3403,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Akamkpa LGA""}",,,bib980,no +3403-location-1,3403,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Akamkpa LGA""}",,,bib984,no 3403-location-2,3403,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River state, Akamkpa LGA. Several villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.550381, 8.172249]]}",,,bib67,yes 3403-speaker_number-1,3403,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3403-speakers-1,3403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -36633,144 +36819,144 @@ southern Italy (Apulia): Faeto and Celle di St.Vito. The contact situation betwe 3403-LEI-2,3403,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3403-vitality-2,3403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3404-location-1,3404,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3404-location-2,3404,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.261428, 142.757186]]}",,,bib7945,no -3404-location-3,3404,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, west coast of Cape York Peninsula, south of Arukun.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +3404-location-2,3404,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.261428, 142.757186]]}",,,bib7970,no +3404-location-3,3404,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, west coast of Cape York Peninsula, south of Arukun.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 3404-speaker_number-1,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 3404-speakers-1,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 3404-speaker_number-2,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3404-speakers-2,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3404-speaker_number-3,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3890,no -3404-speakers-3,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3890,no +3404-speaker_number-3,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3910,no +3404-speakers-3,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3910,no 3404-speaker_number-4,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3404-speakers-4,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3404-speaker_number-5,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5309,yes -3404-speakers-5,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5309,yes +3404-speaker_number-5,3404,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5332,yes +3404-speakers-5,3404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, forty speakers were reported. Today there are much fewer.",bib5332,yes 3404-LEI-1,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3404-vitality-1,3404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3404-LEI-2,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3404-vitality-2,3404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3404-LEI-3,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3890,no -3404-vitality-3,3404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3890,no +3404-LEI-3,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3910,no +3404-vitality-3,3404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3910,no 3404-LEI-4,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3404-vitality-4,3404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3404-LEI-5,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5309,yes -3404-transmission-5,3404,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5309,yes -3404-domains_of_use-5,3404,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5309,yes -3404-speaker_number_trends-5,3404,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5309,yes -3404-vitality-5,3404,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5309,yes -3405-location-1,3405,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4844, 99.8404]]}",,,bib5307,no +3404-LEI-5,3404,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5332,yes +3404-transmission-5,3404,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5332,yes +3404-domains_of_use-5,3404,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5332,yes +3404-speaker_number_trends-5,3404,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5332,yes +3404-vitality-5,3404,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is under pressure from the closely related large lingua franca Wik Mungkan, its northern neighbour.",bib5332,yes +3405-location-1,3405,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.4844, 99.8404]]}",,,bib5330,no 3405-location-2,3405,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Yunnan Province, Baoshan Municipal Prefecture, Shidian and Changning counties. May be in Myanmar""}",,,bib67,yes -3405-speaker_number-1,3405,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3405-speakers-1,3405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3405-speaker_number-1,3405,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3405-speakers-1,3405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3405-speaker_number-2,3405,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3405-speakers-2,3405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3405-speaker_number-3,3405,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3405-speakers-3,3405,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3405-LEI-1,3405,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3405-vitality-1,3405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3405-LEI-1,3405,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3405-vitality-1,3405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3405-LEI-2,3405,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3405-vitality-2,3405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3405-LEI-3,3405,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3405-vitality-3,3405,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3406-context-1,3406,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish, Russian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Greek""}",,,bib6474,yes -3406-location-1,3406,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily in a relatively compact area known as\nBujak""}",,,bib6474,yes +3406-context-1,3406,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish, Russian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Greek""}",,,bib6498,yes +3406-location-1,3406,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Europe""], ""Description"": ""Spoken primarily in a relatively compact area known as\nBujak""}",,,bib6498,yes 3406-location-2,3406,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.3333333333, 28.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -3406-speaker_number-1,3406,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -3406-speakers-1,3406,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes +3406-speaker_number-1,3406,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +3406-speakers-1,3406,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes 3406-speaker_number-2,3406,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"138,000 in Moldova (2000). Population total all countries: 162,200.",bib67,no 3406-speakers-2,3406,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""162,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"138,000 in Moldova (2000). Population total all countries: 162,200.",bib67,no -3406-LEI-1,3406,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3406-transmission-1,3406,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -3406-speaker_number_trends-1,3406,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6474,yes -3406-vitality-1,3406,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes +3406-LEI-1,3406,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3406-transmission-1,3406,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +3406-speaker_number_trends-1,3406,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6498,yes +3406-vitality-1,3406,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes 3406-LEI-2,3406,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3406-vitality-2,3406,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3409-location-1,3409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2851, 145.4974]]}",,,bib5307,no +3409-location-1,3409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.2851, 145.4974]]}",,,bib5330,no 3409-location-2,3409,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Trans-Gogol District.""}",,,bib67,yes -3409-speaker_number-1,3409,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3409-speakers-1,3409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3409-speaker_number-1,3409,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3409-speakers-1,3409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""93"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3409-speaker_number-2,3409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3409-speakers-2,3409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""272"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3409-speaker_number-3,3409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (SIL 2003),bib67,yes 3409-speakers-3,3409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (SIL 2003),bib67,yes -3409-LEI-1,3409,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3409-vitality-1,3409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3409-LEI-1,3409,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3409-vitality-1,3409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3409-LEI-2,3409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3409-vitality-2,3409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3409-LEI-3,3409,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3409-vitality-3,3409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 341-context-1,341,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dida in public"", ""French in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dida, French, Baule, B\u00e9t\u00e9"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Enclaved in the Dida (Kru) speech community. Speakers perfectly fluent in Dida, which they use as a public language. Perception of enclaving Dida community as stronger, dominant, efficient, high prestige... Use of Ega deprecated among Ega speakers; self-characterisation as Dida speakers to outsiders. Preference for exogenous marriage among Ega men, invariably with Dida women. Use of French in education official communications and recent introduction of major Ivorian languages to schools e.g. Baule (Kwa), Bété (Kru), effectively requiring Ega speakers to be trilingual or quadrilingual.",bib338,yes -341-context-2,341,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dida""}",,The population is switching to Dida.,bib994,no -341-context-3,341,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dida""}",,Being replaced by the surrounding Dida speaking population.,bib7615,no +341-context-2,341,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dida""}",,The population is switching to Dida.,bib998,no +341-context-3,341,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dida""}",,Being replaced by the surrounding Dida speaking population.,bib7640,no 341-location-1,341,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""]}",,,bib338,yes 341-location-2,341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, -5.5]]}",,,bib216,no -341-location-3,341,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Department, Ivory Coast""], ""Description"": ""Ivory Coast, Sothern Department, Dies Canton of Divo Sub-Prefecture and Dies Canton of Guitry Sub-Prefecture.""}",,,bib6944,no +341-location-3,341,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Department, Ivory Coast""], ""Description"": ""Ivory Coast, Sothern Department, Dies Canton of Divo Sub-Prefecture and Dies Canton of Guitry Sub-Prefecture.""}",,,bib6968,no 341-speaker_number-1,341,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Small number of speakers; estimates vary wildly from several thousand two decades ago (Bolé-Richard 1982) to currently less than 300 (Ethnologue); preliminary field investigations indicate that there is a small group of non-proximate Ega villages, with a total but rapidly decreasing population of no more than 1000.",bib338,yes 341-speakers-1,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Small number of speakers; estimates vary wildly from several thousand two decades ago (Bolé-Richard 1982) to currently less than 300 (Ethnologue); preliminary field investigations indicate that there is a small group of non-proximate Ega villages, with a total but rapidly decreasing population of no more than 1000.",bib338,yes -341-speaker_number-2,341,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -341-speakers-2,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""67"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -341-speaker_number-3,341,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib994,no -341-speakers-3,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib994,no -341-speaker_number-4,341,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7615,no -341-speakers-4,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7615,no +341-speaker_number-2,341,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +341-speakers-2,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""67"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +341-speaker_number-3,341,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib998,no +341-speakers-3,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib998,no +341-speaker_number-4,341,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7640,no +341-speakers-4,341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7640,no 341-LEI-1,341,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib338,yes 341-speaker_number_trends-1,341,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib338,yes 341-vitality-1,341,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib338,yes -341-LEI-2,341,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -341-transmission-2,341,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6944,no -341-vitality-2,341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -341-LEI-3,341,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,no -341-vitality-3,341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,no -341-LEI-4,341,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -341-transmission-4,341,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,no -341-vitality-4,341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,no -3410-context-1,3410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torwali, Pashto""}",,,bib740,no -3410-context-2,3410,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Torwali; Pashto""}",,Madyan is the nearest town with a bazaar and most of the shopkeepers speak Pashto. The Ushojo people therefore must learn Pashto to do any business in Madyan.... Ushojo speakers’ ability in Pashto was 'very good'.,bib2047,no -3410-location-1,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""On the Bishigram side valley of the Swat River""}",,,bib740,no +341-LEI-2,341,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +341-transmission-2,341,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6968,no +341-vitality-2,341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +341-LEI-3,341,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no +341-vitality-3,341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,no +341-LEI-4,341,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +341-transmission-4,341,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,no +341-vitality-4,341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,no +3410-context-1,3410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torwali, Pashto""}",,,bib744,no +3410-context-2,3410,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Torwali; Pashto""}",,Madyan is the nearest town with a bazaar and most of the shopkeepers speak Pashto. The Ushojo people therefore must learn Pashto to do any business in Madyan.... Ushojo speakers’ ability in Pashto was 'very good'.,bib2060,no +3410-location-1,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""On the Bishigram side valley of the Swat River""}",,,bib744,no 3410-location-2,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Upper reaches of Bishigram (Chail) Valley, east of Madyan, Swat Kohistan. 12 villages""}",,,bib67,no -3410-location-3,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Chail Vally, Swat District""}",,,bib6094,yes -3410-location-4,3410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0209, 72.897]]}",,,bib5307,no +3410-location-3,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Chail Vally, Swat District""}",,,bib6118,yes +3410-location-4,3410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0209, 72.897]]}",,,bib5330,no 3410-location-5,3410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.155575, 72.644692]]}",,,bib75,no -3410-location-6,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""About half-way up the Swat Valley in northern Pakistan [...] Ushojo is spoken by an estimated 2,000 people in twelve villages. The names of the villages which are predominantly Ushojo are as follows: Bishigram, Shepiza, Kas, Derai, Nalkot, Karial, Sore, Tangai Banda, Kappal (Kafir) Banda, Moghul Mar, Tukai, and Danda."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.081912, 72.66605]]}",,,bib2047,no -3410-speaker_number-1,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,no -3410-speakers-1,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,no +3410-location-6,3410,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""About half-way up the Swat Valley in northern Pakistan [...] Ushojo is spoken by an estimated 2,000 people in twelve villages. The names of the villages which are predominantly Ushojo are as follows: Bishigram, Shepiza, Kas, Derai, Nalkot, Karial, Sore, Tangai Banda, Kappal (Kafir) Banda, Moghul Mar, Tukai, and Danda."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.081912, 72.66605]]}",,,bib2060,no +3410-speaker_number-1,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,no +3410-speakers-1,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,no 3410-speaker_number-2,3410,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3410-speakers-2,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3410-speaker_number-3,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,yes -3410-speakers-3,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,yes -3410-speaker_number-4,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3410-speakers-4,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3410-speaker_number-3,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,yes +3410-speakers-3,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,yes +3410-speaker_number-4,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3410-speakers-4,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3410-speaker_number-5,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3410-speakers-5,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3410-speaker_number-6,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2047,no -3410-speakers-6,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2047,no -3410-LEI-1,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -3410-vitality-1,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +3410-speaker_number-6,3410,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2060,no +3410-speakers-6,3410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2060,no +3410-LEI-1,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +3410-vitality-1,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 3410-LEI-2,3410,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3410-vitality-2,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3410-LEI-3,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,J. Baart (2003) suspects that the language is under great pressure and is moribund.,bib6094,yes -3410-vitality-3,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,J. Baart (2003) suspects that the language is under great pressure and is moribund.,bib6094,yes -3410-LEI-4,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3410-vitality-4,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3410-LEI-3,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,J. Baart (2003) suspects that the language is under great pressure and is moribund.,bib6118,yes +3410-vitality-3,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,J. Baart (2003) suspects that the language is under great pressure and is moribund.,bib6118,yes +3410-LEI-4,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3410-vitality-4,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3410-LEI-5,3410,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3410-vitality-5,3410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3410-LEI-6,3410,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2047,no -3410-transmission-6,3410,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2047,no -3410-vitality-6,3410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2047,no -3412-context-1,3412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6474,no -3412-context-2,3412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Government Support"": ""an official \""regional language\"" of France""}",,,bib1676,yes -3412-location-1,3412,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.931, -2.0544]]}",,,bib5307,no -3412-location-2,3412,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the eastern parts of Brittany and in the department of Loire-Atlantique.""}",,,bib6474,no -3412-location-3,3412,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Brittany""}",,,bib1676,yes -3412-speaker_number-1,3412,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,entre 400.000 et 800.000 sont susceptibles de le comprendre,bib1676,yes -3412-speakers-1,3412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000 - 400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400,000 - 800,000""}",,entre 400.000 et 800.000 sont susceptibles de le comprendre,bib1676,yes -3412-LEI-1,3412,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3412-transmission-1,3412,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,no -3412-vitality-1,3412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6474,no -3412-LEI-2,3412,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1676,yes -3412-transmission-2,3412,transmission,3,transmission-3,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1676,yes -3412-vitality-2,3412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1676,yes +3410-LEI-6,3410,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2060,no +3410-transmission-6,3410,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2060,no +3410-vitality-6,3410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The vitality of Ushojo may be somewhat threatened by the use of Pashto, the dominant lingua franca of the Swat region. [...] An old man from Bishigram reported that the young people there know Ushojo but speak Pashto [...] it appears that attitudes toward Ushojo may be fairly positive. Respondents from both locations felt that Ushojo will not die out. Older men said that people would not stop using Ushojo. Children are reportedly still learning Ushojo in their homes; not mixing their languages, but speaking Ushojo purely. The younger men said they wanted their children to learn Ushojo first (they also want them to learn Pashto and Torwali). [...] It would seem that the future of Ushojo is in the hands of the younger generation. If they see an importance to teaching it to their children, Ushojo may indeed continue to be vital.",bib2060,no +3412-context-1,3412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French""}",,,bib6498,no +3412-context-2,3412,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Government Support"": ""an official \""regional language\"" of France""}",,,bib1688,yes +3412-location-1,3412,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.931, -2.0544]]}",,,bib5330,no +3412-location-2,3412,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the eastern parts of Brittany and in the department of Loire-Atlantique.""}",,,bib6498,no +3412-location-3,3412,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Brittany""}",,,bib1688,yes +3412-speaker_number-1,3412,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,entre 400.000 et 800.000 sont susceptibles de le comprendre,bib1688,yes +3412-speakers-1,3412,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000 - 400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""400,000 - 800,000""}",,entre 400.000 et 800.000 sont susceptibles de le comprendre,bib1688,yes +3412-LEI-1,3412,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3412-transmission-1,3412,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,no +3412-vitality-1,3412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6498,no +3412-LEI-2,3412,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1688,yes +3412-transmission-2,3412,transmission,3,transmission-3,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1688,yes +3412-vitality-2,3412,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,principalement des personnes âgées,bib1688,yes 3414-location-1,3414,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.64, 151.95]]}",,,bib75,no 3414-location-2,3414,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East New Britain Province, Gazelle Peninsula""}",,,bib67,yes 3414-speaker_number-1,3414,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -36791,85 +36977,85 @@ Use of Ega deprecated among Ega speakers; self-characterisation as Dida speakers 3415-vitality-1,3415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3415-LEI-2,3415,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3415-vitality-2,3415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3417-location-1,3417,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.41788993, 141.8611366]]}",,,bib1182,no +3417-location-1,3417,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.41788993, 141.8611366]]}",,,bib1191,no 3417-location-2,3417,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.94033482, 142.2310819]]}",,,,no 3417-location-3,3417,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, northeast Cape York Peninsula, North Alice Creek""}",,,bib67,no 3417-speaker_number-1,3417,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3417-speakers-1,3417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3417-speaker_number-2,3417,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3417-speakers-2,3417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3417-speaker_number-2,3417,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3417-speakers-2,3417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3417-speakers-3,3417,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3417-LEI-1,3417,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3417-vitality-1,3417,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3417-LEI-2,3417,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3417-vitality-2,3417,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3419-location-1,3419,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.036453, 133.380356]]}",,,bib7945,no +3417-LEI-2,3417,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3417-vitality-2,3417,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3419-location-1,3419,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.036453, 133.380356]]}",,,bib7970,no 3419-speaker_number-1,3419,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3419-speakers-1,3419,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3419-speaker_number-2,3419,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -3419-speakers-2,3419,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +3419-speaker_number-2,3419,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +3419-speakers-2,3419,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 3419-LEI-1,3419,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3419-vitality-1,3419,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3419-LEI-2,3419,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3419-vitality-2,3419,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3423-context-1,3423,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -3423-location-1,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Munsee is the heritage language of the Delaware First Nation, on the\nMoraviantown Reserve, near Thamesville, Ontario.""}",,,bib2984,no +3419-LEI-2,3419,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3419-vitality-2,3419,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3423-context-1,3423,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +3423-location-1,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Munsee is the heritage language of the Delaware First Nation, on the\nMoraviantown Reserve, near Thamesville, Ontario.""}",,,bib2998,no 3423-location-2,3423,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5, -74.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3423-location-3,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib67,no -3423-location-4,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.8969, -76.3769]]}",,,bib5307,no -3423-location-5,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5217,yes -3423-location-6,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.8969, -76.3769], [42.57, -81.879]]}",,,bib1709,no -3423-speaker_number-1,3423,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2984,no -3423-speakers-1,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known native speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2984,no +3423-location-4,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.8969, -76.3769]]}",,,bib5330,no +3423-location-5,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5240,yes +3423-location-6,3423,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.8969, -76.3769], [42.57, -81.879]]}",,,bib1721,no +3423-speaker_number-1,3423,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2998,no +3423-speakers-1,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known native speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2998,no 3423-speaker_number-2,3423,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kinkade (1991). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 3423-speakers-2,3423,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kinkade (1991). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -3423-speaker_number-3,3423,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3423-speakers-3,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3423-speaker_number-3,3423,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3423-speakers-3,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3423-speaker_number-4,3423,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number: ""a few."" -A few speakers remain among the Delaware First Nation on the Moraviantown Reserve near Thamesville, Ontario.",bib5217,yes +A few speakers remain among the Delaware First Nation on the Moraviantown Reserve near Thamesville, Ontario.",bib5240,yes 3423-speakers-4,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number: ""a few."" -A few speakers remain among the Delaware First Nation on the Moraviantown Reserve near Thamesville, Ontario.",bib5217,yes +A few speakers remain among the Delaware First Nation on the Moraviantown Reserve near Thamesville, Ontario.",bib5240,yes 3423-speaker_number-5,3423,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3423-speakers-5,3423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3423-LEI-1,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -3423-transmission-1,3423,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2984,no -3423-domains_of_use-1,3423,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2984,no -3423-speaker_number_trends-1,3423,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2984,no -3423-vitality-1,3423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2984,no +3423-LEI-1,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +3423-transmission-1,3423,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2998,no +3423-domains_of_use-1,3423,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib2998,no +3423-speaker_number_trends-1,3423,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2998,no +3423-vitality-1,3423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib2998,no 3423-LEI-2,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3423-transmission-2,3423,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 3423-speaker_number_trends-2,3423,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 3423-vitality-2,3423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no -3423-LEI-3,3423,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3423-vitality-3,3423,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3423-LEI-4,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -3423-transmission-4,3423,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -3423-speaker_number_trends-4,3423,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -3423-vitality-4,3423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +3423-LEI-3,3423,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3423-vitality-3,3423,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3423-LEI-4,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +3423-transmission-4,3423,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +3423-speaker_number_trends-4,3423,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +3423-vitality-4,3423,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 3423-LEI-5,3423,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3423-vitality-5,3423,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3424-location-1,3424,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,no -3424-location-2,3424,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.169661, 131.916425]]}",,,bib7945,no +3424-location-1,3424,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,no +3424-location-2,3424,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.169661, 131.916425]]}",,,bib7970,no 3424-location-3,3424,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, southeast of Limilngan language area [lmc], between Mary and South Alligator rivers.""}",,,bib69,no -3424-speaker_number-1,3424,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3424-speakers-1,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3424-speakers-2,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -3424-speakers-3,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last fluent speaker, Butcher Knight, died sometime between 1987 and 2001.",bib2519,yes +3424-speaker_number-1,3424,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3424-speakers-1,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3424-speakers-2,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +3424-speakers-3,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last fluent speaker, Butcher Knight, died sometime between 1987 and 2001.",bib2532,yes 3424-speaker_number-4,3424,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3424-speakers-4,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3424-speakers-5,3424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -3424-LEI-1,3424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3424-vitality-1,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3424-LEI-2,3424,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -3424-vitality-2,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -3424-LEI-3,3424,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2519,yes -3424-vitality-3,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2519,yes +3424-LEI-1,3424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3424-vitality-1,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3424-LEI-2,3424,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +3424-vitality-2,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +3424-LEI-3,3424,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2532,yes +3424-vitality-3,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2532,yes 3424-LEI-4,3424,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3424-vitality-4,3424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3424-LEI-5,3424,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no @@ -36887,98 +37073,98 @@ A few speakers remain among the Delaware First Nation on the Moraviantown Reserv 3426-location-1,3426,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, Princess Charlotte Bay east coast""}",,,bib67,no 3426-speaker_number-1,3426,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3426-speakers-1,3426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3426-speaker_number-2,3426,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3426-speakers-2,3426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3426-speaker_number-2,3426,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3426-speakers-2,3426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3426-speaker_number-3,3426,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3426-speakers-3,3426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3426-speakers-4,3426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3426-LEI-1,3426,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3426-vitality-1,3426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3426-LEI-2,3426,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3426-vitality-2,3426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3426-LEI-2,3426,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3426-vitality-2,3426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3426-LEI-3,3426,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3426-vitality-3,3426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3427-location-1,3427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.91182628, 143.6122417]]}",,,bib1182,no +3427-location-1,3427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.91182628, 143.6122417]]}",,,bib1191,no 3427-location-2,3427,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Cape York Peninsula, north of Coen""}",,,bib67,no -3427-speaker_number-1,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3427-speakers-1,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3427-speaker_number-2,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7572,yes -3427-speakers-2,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7572,yes +3427-speaker_number-1,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3427-speakers-1,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3427-speaker_number-2,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7597,yes +3427-speakers-2,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7597,yes 3427-speaker_number-3,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3427-speakers-3,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3427-speakers-4,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3427-speaker_number-5,3427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3427-speakers-5,3427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3427-LEI-1,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3427-vitality-1,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3427-LEI-2,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7572,yes -3427-vitality-2,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7572,yes +3427-LEI-1,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3427-vitality-1,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3427-LEI-2,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7597,yes +3427-vitality-2,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7597,yes 3427-LEI-3,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3427-vitality-3,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3427-LEI-4,3427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3427-vitality-4,3427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3428-location-1,3428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0229, 139.6801]]}",,,bib5307,no +3428-location-1,3428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0229, 139.6801]]}",,,bib5330,no 3428-location-2,3428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.91666666667, 139.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3428-location-3,3428,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Ulithi, Ngulu, Sorol, Fais islands, eastern Caroline Islands. Also in United States""}",,,bib67,yes -3428-speaker_number-1,3428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3428-speakers-1,3428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3428-speaker_number-1,3428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3428-speakers-1,3428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3428-speaker_number-2,3428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3428-speakers-2,3428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3428-speaker_number-3,3428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Micronesia (1987 UBS).",bib67,yes 3428-speakers-3,3428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,075"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Micronesia (1987 UBS).",bib67,yes -3428-LEI-1,3428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3428-vitality-1,3428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3428-LEI-1,3428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3428-vitality-1,3428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3428-LEI-2,3428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3428-vitality-2,3428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3428-LEI-3,3428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3428-vitality-3,3428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3429-context-1,3429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh and Uygur""}",,,bib6474,yes -3429-location-1,3429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.0244, 81.145]]}",,,bib5307,no -3429-location-2,3429,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the eastern part of the Ili (\u4f0a\u7281) Valley in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region""}",,,bib6474,yes +3429-context-1,3429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh and Uygur""}",,,bib6498,yes +3429-location-1,3429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.0244, 81.145]]}",,,bib5330,no +3429-location-2,3429,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the eastern part of the Ili (\u4f0a\u7281) Valley in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region""}",,,bib6498,yes 3429-location-3,3429,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Kazakhstan""]}",,,bib67,no -3429-speaker_number-1,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3429-speakers-1,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3429-speaker_number-2,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,the language of 30 or so families,bib6474,yes -3429-speakers-2,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,the language of 30 or so families,bib6474,yes +3429-speaker_number-1,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3429-speakers-1,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3429-speaker_number-2,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,the language of 30 or so families,bib6498,yes +3429-speakers-2,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,the language of 30 or so families,bib6498,yes 3429-speaker_number-3,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3429-speakers-3,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3429-speaker_number-4,3429,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"120 in China (1980 R. Hahn), decreasing",bib67,no 3429-speakers-4,3429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"120 in China (1980 R. Hahn), decreasing",bib67,no -3429-LEI-1,3429,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3429-vitality-1,3429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3429-LEI-2,3429,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6474,yes -3429-transmission-2,3429,transmission,5,transmission-5,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6474,yes -3429-speaker_number_trends-2,3429,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6474,yes -3429-vitality-2,3429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6474,yes +3429-LEI-1,3429,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3429-vitality-1,3429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3429-LEI-2,3429,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6498,yes +3429-transmission-2,3429,transmission,5,transmission-5,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6498,yes +3429-speaker_number_trends-2,3429,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6498,yes +3429-vitality-2,3429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Younger generations are shifting to Kazakh or Uygur,bib6498,yes 3429-LEI-3,3429,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3429-vitality-3,3429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3429-LEI-4,3429,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 3429-vitality-4,3429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no -3431-context-1,3431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Finnish""}",,,bib6474,yes -3431-location-1,3431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.8446, 27.2817]]}",,,bib5307,no -3431-location-2,3431,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in central Inari County of Lapland\nProvince in Finland.""}",,,bib6474,yes +3431-context-1,3431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Finnish""}",,,bib6498,yes +3431-location-1,3431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.8446, 27.2817]]}",,,bib5330,no +3431-location-2,3431,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Europe: Lapland""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in central Inari County of Lapland\nProvince in Finland.""}",,,bib6498,yes 3431-location-3,3431,location,"{""Places"": [""Finland""]}",,,bib67,no -3431-speaker_number-1,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6142,no -3431-speakers-1,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6142,no -3431-speaker_number-2,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3431-speakers-2,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3431-speaker_number-3,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -3431-speakers-3,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3431-speaker_number-1,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6166,no +3431-speakers-1,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6166,no +3431-speaker_number-2,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3431-speakers-2,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3431-speaker_number-3,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +3431-speakers-3,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3431-speaker_number-4,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3431-speakers-4,3431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3431-speaker_number-5,3431,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. 4,700 all Saami in Finland (1995). Data for the ethnic population is from M. Krauss (1995).",bib67,no 3431-speakers-5,3431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. 4,700 all Saami in Finland (1995). Data for the ethnic population is from M. Krauss (1995).",bib67,no 3431-LEI-1,3431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kildin, Inari, Skolt and South Sámi languages are all spoken by 300 to 1000 individuals. Although these four -varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction.",bib6142,no +varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction.",bib6166,no 3431-vitality-1,3431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Kildin, Inari, Skolt and South Sámi languages are all spoken by 300 to 1000 individuals. Although these four -varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction.",bib6142,no -3431-LEI-2,3431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3431-vitality-2,3431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3431-LEI-3,3431,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3431-transmission-3,3431,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6474,yes -3431-domains_of_use-3,3431,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6474,yes -3431-speaker_number_trends-3,3431,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6474,yes -3431-vitality-3,3431,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,yes +varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction.",bib6166,no +3431-LEI-2,3431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3431-vitality-2,3431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3431-LEI-3,3431,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3431-transmission-3,3431,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6498,yes +3431-domains_of_use-3,3431,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6498,yes +3431-speaker_number_trends-3,3431,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6498,yes +3431-vitality-3,3431,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,yes 3431-LEI-4,3431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3431-vitality-4,3431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3431-LEI-5,3431,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -36992,7 +37178,7 @@ varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted 3432-vitality-1,3432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3432-LEI-2,3432,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3432-vitality-2,3432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3433-location-1,3433,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1063, 145.4747]]}",,,bib7945,no +3433-location-1,3433,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1063, 145.4747]]}",,,bib7970,no 3433-location-2,3433,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province""}",,,bib67,yes 3433-speaker_number-1,3433,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3433-speakers-1,3433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -37002,93 +37188,93 @@ varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted 3433-vitality-1,3433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3433-LEI-2,3433,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3433-vitality-2,3433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3435-context-1,3435,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Lao""}",,"Called Lawa in Thai, a composite group which includes various Mon-Khmer groups as well as Gong.",bib1205,no +3435-context-1,3435,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Lao""}",,"Called Lawa in Thai, a composite group which includes various Mon-Khmer groups as well as Gong.",bib1214,no 3435-context-2,3435,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Lao"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"This study is conducted in the Kok Chiang village of Suphanburi (สุพรรณบุรี) Province, Thailand. According to the author, ""Gong speakers expressed a neutral attitude toward their ethnic group, and a positive attitude toward their language and -themselves.""",bib5026,no -3435-context-3,3435,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Lao"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"practice exogamy. Most non-Gong spouses in Kok Chiang are from Laos, and non-Gong spouses in Khok Khway are mostly Thai.",bib1208,yes +themselves.""",bib5048,no +3435-context-3,3435,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai; Lao"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"practice exogamy. Most non-Gong spouses in Kok Chiang are from Laos, and non-Gong spouses in Khok Khway are mostly Thai.",bib1217,yes 3435-location-1,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Kanchanaburi, Uthai Thani, Suphanburi""}",,,bib67,no -3435-location-2,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.088, 99.523]]}",,,bib5307,no -3435-location-3,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Suphanburi and south- western Uthai Thani provinces""}",,"Extinct in traditional territory in western Kanchanaburi (or Kanburi for short) Province, moribund (youngest fluent speakers over forty, but revival activities underway) in Kok Chiang village in Suphanburi Province, and endangered in Khok Khwai village in Uthai Thani Province, where the Gong have recently lost their land and dispersed into the surrounding forests.",bib1205,no -3435-location-4,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""one village in Uthai Thani (\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e31\u0e22\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35) Province and two villages in Suphanburi (\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e23\u0e13\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e35) Province, Thailand.""}",,,bib5026,no -3435-location-5,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Western Central Thailand (Kok Chiang village in Suphanburi \u0e2a\u0e38\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e23\u0e13\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e35, and Khok Khway village in Uthai Thani \u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e31\u0e22\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35, Thailand)""}",,Some other Gong villages have been relocated due to constructions of dam.,bib1208,yes +3435-location-2,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.088, 99.523]]}",,,bib5330,no +3435-location-3,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Suphanburi and south- western Uthai Thani provinces""}",,"Extinct in traditional territory in western Kanchanaburi (or Kanburi for short) Province, moribund (youngest fluent speakers over forty, but revival activities underway) in Kok Chiang village in Suphanburi Province, and endangered in Khok Khwai village in Uthai Thani Province, where the Gong have recently lost their land and dispersed into the surrounding forests.",bib1214,no +3435-location-4,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""one village in Uthai Thani (\u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e31\u0e22\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35) Province and two villages in Suphanburi (\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e23\u0e13\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e35) Province, Thailand.""}",,,bib5048,no +3435-location-5,3435,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Western Central Thailand (Kok Chiang village in Suphanburi \u0e2a\u0e38\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e23\u0e13\u0e1a\u0e38\u0e23\u0e35, and Khok Khway village in Uthai Thani \u0e2d\u0e38\u0e17\u0e31\u0e22\u0e18\u0e32\u0e19\u0e35, Thailand)""}",,Some other Gong villages have been relocated due to constructions of dam.,bib1217,yes 3435-speaker_number-1,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no 3435-speakers-1,3435,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: (D. Bradley 2000),bib67,no 3435-speaker_number-2,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3435-speakers-2,3435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3435-speaker_number-3,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3435-speakers-3,3435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3435-speaker_number-4,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of 500 people in these two villages, about eighty still speak the language: about twenty fluent speakers over fifty years old and additional semi-speakers of varying ability as young as thirty.",bib1205,no -3435-speakers-4,3435,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~20"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of 500 people in these two villages, about eighty still speak the language: about twenty fluent speakers over fifty years old and additional semi-speakers of varying ability as young as thirty.",bib1205,no -3435-speaker_number-5,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5026,no -3435-speakers-5,3435,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5026,no -3435-speaker_number-6,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers age above fifties.,bib1208,yes -3435-speakers-6,3435,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers age above fifties.,bib1208,yes +3435-speaker_number-3,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3435-speakers-3,3435,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3435-speaker_number-4,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of 500 people in these two villages, about eighty still speak the language: about twenty fluent speakers over fifty years old and additional semi-speakers of varying ability as young as thirty.",bib1214,no +3435-speakers-4,3435,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~20"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of 500 people in these two villages, about eighty still speak the language: about twenty fluent speakers over fifty years old and additional semi-speakers of varying ability as young as thirty.",bib1214,no +3435-speaker_number-5,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5048,no +3435-speakers-5,3435,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5048,no +3435-speaker_number-6,3435,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers age above fifties.,bib1217,yes +3435-speakers-6,3435,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers age above fifties.,bib1217,yes 3435-LEI-1,3435,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children speak Thai as L1. Mainly older adults,bib67,no 3435-vitality-1,3435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children speak Thai as L1. Mainly older adults,bib67,no 3435-LEI-2,3435,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3435-vitality-2,3435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3435-LEI-3,3435,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3435-vitality-3,3435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3435-LEI-4,3435,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -3435-transmission-4,3435,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -3435-speaker_number_trends-4,3435,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -3435-vitality-4,3435,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,no +3435-LEI-3,3435,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3435-vitality-3,3435,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3435-LEI-4,3435,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +3435-transmission-4,3435,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +3435-speaker_number_trends-4,3435,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +3435-vitality-4,3435,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,no 3435-LEI-5,3435,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"only elderly people are fluent, while the young do not speak Gong at all in any interaction. Even the older Gong people use languages other than Gong within the -family domain.",bib5026,no +family domain.",bib5048,no 3435-transmission-5,3435,transmission,5,transmission-5,"only elderly people are fluent, while the young do not speak Gong at all in any interaction. Even the older Gong people use languages other than Gong within the -family domain.",bib5026,no +family domain.",bib5048,no 3435-domains_of_use-5,3435,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"only elderly people are fluent, while the young do not speak Gong at all in any interaction. Even the older Gong people use languages other than Gong within the -family domain.",bib5026,no +family domain.",bib5048,no 3435-speaker_number_trends-5,3435,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"only elderly people are fluent, while the young do not speak Gong at all in any interaction. Even the older Gong people use languages other than Gong within the -family domain.",bib5026,no +family domain.",bib5048,no 3435-vitality-5,3435,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"only elderly people are fluent, while the young do not speak Gong at all in any interaction. Even the older Gong people use languages other than Gong within the -family domain.",bib5026,no +family domain.",bib5048,no 3435-LEI-6,3435,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"no children learn Gong at home, and people in their 30s-40s have limited language competence. -Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1208,yes +Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1217,yes 3435-transmission-6,3435,transmission,5,transmission-5,"no children learn Gong at home, and people in their 30s-40s have limited language competence. -Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1208,yes +Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1217,yes 3435-domains_of_use-6,3435,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"no children learn Gong at home, and people in their 30s-40s have limited language competence. -Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1208,yes +Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1217,yes 3435-speaker_number_trends-6,3435,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"no children learn Gong at home, and people in their 30s-40s have limited language competence. -Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1208,yes +Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1217,yes 3435-vitality-6,3435,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"no children learn Gong at home, and people in their 30s-40s have limited language competence. -Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1208,yes -3436-location-1,3436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.431717, 141.713483]]}",,,bib7945,no +Documentation projects in Mahidol with participants from Gong communities (PI: Mayuree)",bib1217,yes +3436-location-1,3436,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.431717, 141.713483]]}",,,bib7970,no 3436-location-2,3436,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3436-speaker_number-1,3436,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3436-speakers-1,3436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3436-speaker_number-2,3436,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3436-speakers-2,3436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3436-speaker_number-2,3436,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3436-speakers-2,3436,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3436-speakers-3,3436,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"""Unlikely any speakers remain"" (Wurm 2003)",bib67,no 3436-LEI-1,3436,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3436-vitality-1,3436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3436-LEI-2,3436,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3436-vitality-2,3436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3436-LEI-2,3436,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3436-vitality-2,3436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3436-LEI-3,3436,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3436-vitality-3,3436,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -3437-context-2,3437,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, business, in the city, social gatherings""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language in Republic of Ireland, official language of the European Union as of 2007"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Compulsory school subject in Ireland, Irish-medium school in Belfast, Irish-language radio and television"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Virtually all speak English""}",,,bib3507,yes +3437-context-2,3437,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, business, in the city, social gatherings""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Official language in Republic of Ireland, official language of the European Union as of 2007"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Compulsory school subject in Ireland, Irish-medium school in Belfast, Irish-language radio and television"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Virtually all speak English""}",,,bib3525,yes 3437-context-3,3437,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Taught as an official language in schools and encouraged by the government.""}",,,bib68,no -3437-location-1,3437,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Ireland""]}",,,bib6474,no +3437-location-1,3437,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Ireland""]}",,,bib6498,no 3437-location-2,3437,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.5, -9.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3437-location-3,3437,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7876, -9.1845]]}",,,bib5307,no +3437-location-3,3437,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.7876, -9.1845]]}",,,bib5330,no 3437-location-4,3437,location,"{""Places"": [""Western isles northwest and southwest coasts"", ""Galway, part of Mayo, Kerry, Donegal, Meath, Cork, and Waterford. Also in Canada, United Kingdom, United States.""]}",,,bib68,no -3437-speaker_number-1,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,no -3437-speakers-1,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,no -3437-speaker_number-2,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3437-speakers-2,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3437-speaker_number-3,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Whether all the 64,265 individuals registered by the 2006 census are native speakers of Irish is uncertain.... If for argument’s sake one subtracts about a third, because the officially specified sizes of the Gaeltacht areas are exaggerations and because not everyone, even in the core of these areas, has grown up speaking Irish as a first language, then one reaches a figure of somewhat over 40,000 for the native speakers of all Gaeltacht areas....In fact this figure may in itself be too optimistic. If one considers the number of persons in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education – 17,687 – and compares it to the population of the entire state – 3,990,863 – then one reaches a percentage figure of 0.44%. Given that the number of active native speakers is probably not higher than that of those in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education, then the percentage of active native speakers in present-day Ireland would be between around 0.5%, i.e. 20,000 or perhaps a little above that.",bib3507,yes -3437-speakers-3,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Whether all the 64,265 individuals registered by the 2006 census are native speakers of Irish is uncertain.... If for argument’s sake one subtracts about a third, because the officially specified sizes of the Gaeltacht areas are exaggerations and because not everyone, even in the core of these areas, has grown up speaking Irish as a first language, then one reaches a figure of somewhat over 40,000 for the native speakers of all Gaeltacht areas....In fact this figure may in itself be too optimistic. If one considers the number of persons in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education – 17,687 – and compares it to the population of the entire state – 3,990,863 – then one reaches a percentage figure of 0.44%. Given that the number of active native speakers is probably not higher than that of those in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education, then the percentage of active native speakers in present-day Ireland would be between around 0.5%, i.e. 20,000 or perhaps a little above that.",bib3507,yes +3437-speaker_number-1,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,no +3437-speakers-1,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,no +3437-speaker_number-2,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3437-speakers-2,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3437-speaker_number-3,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Whether all the 64,265 individuals registered by the 2006 census are native speakers of Irish is uncertain.... If for argument’s sake one subtracts about a third, because the officially specified sizes of the Gaeltacht areas are exaggerations and because not everyone, even in the core of these areas, has grown up speaking Irish as a first language, then one reaches a figure of somewhat over 40,000 for the native speakers of all Gaeltacht areas....In fact this figure may in itself be too optimistic. If one considers the number of persons in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education – 17,687 – and compares it to the population of the entire state – 3,990,863 – then one reaches a percentage figure of 0.44%. Given that the number of active native speakers is probably not higher than that of those in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education, then the percentage of active native speakers in present-day Ireland would be between around 0.5%, i.e. 20,000 or perhaps a little above that.",bib3525,yes +3437-speakers-3,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Whether all the 64,265 individuals registered by the 2006 census are native speakers of Irish is uncertain.... If for argument’s sake one subtracts about a third, because the officially specified sizes of the Gaeltacht areas are exaggerations and because not everyone, even in the core of these areas, has grown up speaking Irish as a first language, then one reaches a figure of somewhat over 40,000 for the native speakers of all Gaeltacht areas....In fact this figure may in itself be too optimistic. If one considers the number of persons in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education – 17,687 – and compares it to the population of the entire state – 3,990,863 – then one reaches a percentage figure of 0.44%. Given that the number of active native speakers is probably not higher than that of those in the Gaeltacht who use Irish on a daily basis outside education, then the percentage of active native speakers in present-day Ireland would be between around 0.5%, i.e. 20,000 or perhaps a little above that.",bib3525,yes 3437-speaker_number-4,3437,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"72,000 in Ireland (2006 census). Less than 20,000 L1 speakers (Salminen 2007). Population total all countries: 106,210.",bib68,no 3437-speakers-4,3437,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""106,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"72,000 in Ireland (2006 census). Less than 20,000 L1 speakers (Salminen 2007). Population total all countries: 106,210.",bib68,no 3437-speaker_number-5,3437,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"These figures represent the Republic of Ireland and do not include the speakers in Northern Ireland. @@ -37097,55 +37283,55 @@ These figures represent the number of respondents to the Irish census who report 3437-speakers-5,3437,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Aged 65 and above: 16,367"", ""Young Adults"": ""Aged 25-64: 41,209"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,185"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"These figures represent the Republic of Ireland and do not include the speakers in Northern Ireland. These figures represent the number of respondents to the Irish census who reported speaking Irish on a daily basis outside of the educational system. In nearly all age groups, more women reported speaking Irish than men.",bib101,no -3437-LEI-1,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A number of children learn the language, but their number appears to be decreasing in the Irish-speaking areas.",bib6474,no -3437-vitality-1,3437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"A number of children learn the language, but their number appears to be decreasing in the Irish-speaking areas.",bib6474,no -3437-LEI-2,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3437-vitality-2,3437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3437-LEI-1,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A number of children learn the language, but their number appears to be decreasing in the Irish-speaking areas.",bib6498,no +3437-vitality-1,3437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"A number of children learn the language, but their number appears to be decreasing in the Irish-speaking areas.",bib6498,no +3437-LEI-2,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3437-vitality-2,3437,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3437-LEI-3,3437,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Chief among the reasons for the retreat of Irish is that young people – typically teenagers – who are growing up in Irish-speaking households very often do not use Irish amongst themselves, especially if there are English-speaking coevals with them."" -""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3507,yes +""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3525,yes 3437-transmission-3,3437,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Chief among the reasons for the retreat of Irish is that young people – typically teenagers – who are growing up in Irish-speaking households very often do not use Irish amongst themselves, especially if there are English-speaking coevals with them."" -""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3507,yes +""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3525,yes 3437-domains_of_use-3,3437,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Chief among the reasons for the retreat of Irish is that young people – typically teenagers – who are growing up in Irish-speaking households very often do not use Irish amongst themselves, especially if there are English-speaking coevals with them."" -""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3507,yes +""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3525,yes 3437-speaker_number_trends-3,3437,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Chief among the reasons for the retreat of Irish is that young people – typically teenagers – who are growing up in Irish-speaking households very often do not use Irish amongst themselves, especially if there are English-speaking coevals with them."" -""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3507,yes +""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3525,yes 3437-vitality-3,3437,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Chief among the reasons for the retreat of Irish is that young people – typically teenagers – who are growing up in Irish-speaking households very often do not use Irish amongst themselves, especially if there are English-speaking coevals with them."" -""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3507,yes +""Those few areas where Irish is strongest are characterised by the use of English in public domains, such as business, banking, the media, etc. Irish is, however, used for communication in the home, exclusively in some instances.",bib3525,yes 3437-LEI-4,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Widely used as L2 in all parts of the country (2007). A number of children learn the language but the number is decreasing (2007).,bib68,no 3437-transmission-4,3437,transmission,1,transmission-1,Widely used as L2 in all parts of the country (2007). A number of children learn the language but the number is decreasing (2007).,bib68,no 3437-vitality-4,3437,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Widely used as L2 in all parts of the country (2007). A number of children learn the language but the number is decreasing (2007).,bib68,no 3437-LEI-5,3437,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib101,no 3437-transmission-5,3437,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib101,no 3437-vitality-5,3437,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib101,no -3440-location-1,3440,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0541, 13.7246]]}",,,bib5307,no -3440-location-2,3440,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the southwest of the Istrian\npeninsula, mainly in the towns of Rovinj (Rovigno), Bale (Valle), Vodnjan (Dignano)\nand Galiz\u02c7ana (Gallesano)""}",,,bib6474,yes +3440-location-1,3440,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.0541, 13.7246]]}",,,bib5330,no +3440-location-2,3440,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the southwest of the Istrian\npeninsula, mainly in the towns of Rovinj (Rovigno), Bale (Valle), Vodnjan (Dignano)\nand Galiz\u02c7ana (Gallesano)""}",,,bib6498,yes 3440-location-3,3440,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""]}",,,bib67,no -3440-speaker_number-1,3440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3440-speakers-1,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3440-speaker_number-2,3440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -3440-speakers-2,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~400""}",,,bib6474,yes +3440-speaker_number-1,3440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3440-speakers-1,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3440-speaker_number-2,3440,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +3440-speakers-2,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~400""}",,,bib6498,yes 3440-speaker_number-3,3440,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3440-speakers-3,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3440-speaker_number-4,3440,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Salminen (2000).,bib67,no 3440-speakers-4,3440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from T. Salminen (2000).,bib67,no -3440-LEI-1,3440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3440-vitality-1,3440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3440-LEI-2,3440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3440-transmission-2,3440,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,yes -3440-vitality-2,3440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3440-LEI-1,3440,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3440-vitality-1,3440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3440-LEI-2,3440,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3440-transmission-2,3440,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,yes +3440-vitality-2,3440,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3440-LEI-3,3440,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3440-vitality-3,3440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3440-LEI-4,3440,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3440-vitality-4,3440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3441-location-1,3441,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,"Sololá Department, Lake Atitlán, south and southwest shore.",bib67,no -3441-location-2,3441,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.6394, -91.2301]]}",,,bib5307,no -3441-location-3,3441,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 350 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -3441-location-4,3441,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Solol\u00e1: San Juan la Laguna, San Lucas Tolim\u00e1n, San Pablo la Laguna, San Pedro la Laguna, Santa Mar\u00eda Visitaci\u00f3n, \nSantiago Atitl\u00e1n.\nSuchitep\u00e9quez: Chicacao y San Miguel Pan\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6262,yes +3441-location-2,3441,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.6394, -91.2301]]}",,,bib5330,no +3441-location-3,3441,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 350 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +3441-location-4,3441,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Solol\u00e1: San Juan la Laguna, San Lucas Tolim\u00e1n, San Pablo la Laguna, San Pedro la Laguna, Santa Mar\u00eda Visitaci\u00f3n, \nSantiago Atitl\u00e1n.\nSuchitep\u00e9quez: Chicacao y San Miguel Pan\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6286,yes 3441-speaker_number-1,3441,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 2 Tz'utujil languages: Eastern Tz'utujil [tzj] 50,000 (1998). Western Tzutujil [tzt]: 33,800 (1990). @@ -37156,91 +37342,91 @@ Eastern Tz'utujil [tzj] 50,000 (1998). Western Tzutujil [tzt]: 33,800 (1990). Ethnologue (2013) has only one, [tzj]: 83,800 (1990–1998 SIL), increasing. 17,000 monolinguals (total number, unchanged).",bib67,no -3441-speaker_number-2,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3441-speakers-2,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3441-speaker_number-2,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3441-speakers-2,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3441-speakers-3,3441,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""78,498"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"39,341 women; 39,157 men. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -3441-speaker_number-4,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -3441-speakers-4,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,669"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no +3441-speaker_number-4,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +3441-speakers-4,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,669"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no 3441-speaker_number-5,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3441-speakers-5,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3441-speaker_number-6,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"47,669 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -3441-speakers-6,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,669"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"47,669 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +3441-speaker_number-6,3441,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"47,669 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +3441-speakers-6,3441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,669"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"47,669 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 3441-LEI-1,3441,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3441-vitality-1,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3441-LEI-2,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3441-vitality-2,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3441-LEI-3,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -3441-vitality-3,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +3441-LEI-2,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3441-vitality-2,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3441-LEI-3,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +3441-vitality-3,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 3441-LEI-4,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3441-vitality-4,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3441-LEI-5,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -3441-vitality-5,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -3442-context-1,3442,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Serbo-Croat""}",,,bib6474,yes -3442-location-1,3442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.3907, 14.436]]}",,,bib5307,no -3442-location-2,3442,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the northeast of\nthe Istrian peninsula, in the village of Z\u02c7 ejane to the north of Uc\u02c7ka mountain, and a few villages to the south of it, the main one of these being Sus\u02c7njevica""}",,,bib6474,yes +3441-LEI-5,3441,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +3441-vitality-5,3441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +3442-context-1,3442,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Serbo-Croat""}",,,bib6498,yes +3442-location-1,3442,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.3907, 14.436]]}",,,bib5330,no +3442-location-2,3442,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the northeast of\nthe Istrian peninsula, in the village of Z\u02c7 ejane to the north of Uc\u02c7ka mountain, and a few villages to the south of it, the main one of these being Sus\u02c7njevica""}",,,bib6498,yes 3442-location-3,3442,location,"{""Places"": [""Croatia""]}",,,bib67,no -3442-speaker_number-1,3442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3442-speakers-1,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3442-speaker_number-2,3442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All speakers are bilingual in Serbo-Croat,bib6474,yes -3442-speakers-2,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~100""}",,All speakers are bilingual in Serbo-Croat,bib6474,yes +3442-speaker_number-1,3442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3442-speakers-1,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3442-speaker_number-2,3442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,All speakers are bilingual in Serbo-Croat,bib6498,yes +3442-speakers-2,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~100""}",,All speakers are bilingual in Serbo-Croat,bib6498,yes 3442-speaker_number-3,3442,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3442-speakers-3,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3442-speaker_number-4,3442,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3442-speakers-4,3442,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""560"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3442-LEI-1,3442,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3442-vitality-1,3442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3442-LEI-1,3442,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3442-vitality-1,3442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3442-LEI-2,3442,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There -are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6474,yes +are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6498,yes 3442-transmission-2,3442,transmission,3,transmission-3,"There -are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6474,yes +are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6498,yes 3442-vitality-2,3442,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There -are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6474,yes +are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6498,yes 3442-LEI-3,3442,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3442-vitality-3,3442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3442-LEI-4,3442,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3442-vitality-4,3442,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3443-speaker_number-1,3443,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6474,yes -3443-speakers-1,3443,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6474,yes +3443-speaker_number-1,3443,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6498,yes +3443-speakers-1,3443,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6498,yes 3443-speakers-2,3443,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200""}",,,bib67,no -3443-LEI-1,3443,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3443-vitality-1,3443,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6474,yes -3444-location-1,3444,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0872, 34.7737]]}",,,bib5307,yes -3444-location-2,3444,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, Turkey, Balkans, Morocco, United States""]}",,,bib6474,no +3443-LEI-1,3443,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3443-vitality-1,3443,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6498,yes +3444-location-1,3444,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0872, 34.7737]]}",,,bib5330,yes +3444-location-2,3444,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, Turkey, Balkans, Morocco, United States""]}",,,bib6498,no 3444-location-3,3444,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.0, 33.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3444-location-4,3444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Israel"", ""Puerto Rico"", ""Turkey"", ""Greece"", ""Albania"", ""Algeria"", ""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Croatia"", ""Macedonia"", ""Morocco"", ""Romania"", ""Serbia""]}",,,bib67,no -3444-speaker_number-1,3444,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,yes -3444-speakers-1,3444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,yes +3444-speaker_number-1,3444,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,yes +3444-speakers-1,3444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,yes 3444-speaker_number-2,3444,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3444-speakers-2,3444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3444-speaker_number-3,3444,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"100,000 in Israel (1985).",bib67,no 3444-speakers-3,3444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"100,000 in Israel (1985).",bib67,no -3444-LEI-1,3444,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3444-vitality-1,3444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -3444-LEI-2,3444,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,no -3444-transmission-2,3444,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,no -3444-speaker_number_trends-2,3444,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6474,no -3444-vitality-2,3444,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,no +3444-LEI-1,3444,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3444-vitality-1,3444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +3444-LEI-2,3444,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,no +3444-transmission-2,3444,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,no +3444-speaker_number_trends-2,3444,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6498,no +3444-vitality-2,3444,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,no 3444-LEI-3,3444,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3444-vitality-3,3444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3444-LEI-4,3444,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3444-vitality-4,3444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3446-location-1,3446,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula, Coleman River""}",,,bib67,no -3446-location-2,3446,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.039972, 143.360461]]}",,,bib7945,no -3446-speaker_number-1,3446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3446-speakers-1,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +3446-location-2,3446,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.039972, 143.360461]]}",,,bib7970,no +3446-speaker_number-1,3446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3446-speakers-1,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 3446-speaker_number-3,3446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3446-speakers-3,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3446-speakers-4,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"It was reported on August 13, 2016 by The Australian that Tommy George, the last native speaker of Awu Laya has passed away.",bib5060,yes +3446-speakers-4,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"It was reported on August 13, 2016 by The Australian that Tommy George, the last native speaker of Awu Laya has passed away.",bib5082,yes 3446-speaker_number-5,3446,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3446-speakers-5,3446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3446-LEI-1,3446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3446-vitality-1,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3446-LEI-1,3446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3446-vitality-1,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3446-LEI-2,3446,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3446-vitality-2,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 3446-LEI-3,3446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3446-vitality-3,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3446-LEI-4,3446,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5060,yes -3446-vitality-4,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5060,yes +3446-LEI-4,3446,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5082,yes +3446-vitality-4,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5082,yes 3446-LEI-5,3446,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3446-vitality-5,3446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3447-location-1,3447,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Central and northeast, near the China border, Cao B\u00e0ng, Lang Son, H\u00e0 Giang, Tuye Quang, B\u00e1c Th\u00e1i, Quang Ninh, H\u00e0 Bac, Lam D\u00f2ng provinces. Some settled south in Tung Nghia and Song Mao. Possibly also in Laos."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.742, 104.267]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -37252,83 +37438,83 @@ are no children and few younger speakers.",bib6474,yes 3447-vitality-1,3447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3447-LEI-2,3447,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3447-vitality-2,3447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3448-context-1,3448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib6474,yes -3448-context-2,3448,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Most interviewees expressed little objection against loss of Juhuri to the dominant languages of various countries they have ended up living in\"" (p. 69).""}",,"Speakers in the New York City community demonstrate multilingualism with Juhuri, Russian, English, Azerbaijani, and Hebrew, with Juhuri and Russian the dominant languages (p. 66).",bib4060,no -3448-location-1,3448,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia, Northern Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib6474,yes +3448-context-1,3448,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azerbaijani""}",,,bib6498,yes +3448-context-2,3448,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Most interviewees expressed little objection against loss of Juhuri to the dominant languages of various countries they have ended up living in\"" (p. 69).""}",,"Speakers in the New York City community demonstrate multilingualism with Juhuri, Russian, English, Azerbaijani, and Hebrew, with Juhuri and Russian the dominant languages (p. 66).",bib4080,no +3448-location-1,3448,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia, Northern Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib6498,yes 3448-location-2,3448,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Israel"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3448-location-3,3448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.5166, 34.5964]]}",,,bib5307,no +3448-location-3,3448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.5166, 34.5964]]}",,,bib5330,no 3448-location-4,3448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.304475, 34.749575]]}",,,bib75,no -3448-speaker_number-1,3448,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3448-speakers-1,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3448-speaker_number-1,3448,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3448-speakers-1,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3448-speaker_number-2,3448,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"3,020 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no 3448-speakers-2,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"3,020 in Russian Federation (2002 census).",bib67,no -3448-speaker_number-3,3448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3448-speakers-3,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3448-speaker_number-3,3448,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3448-speakers-3,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3448-speaker_number-4,3448,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3448-speakers-4,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""101,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3448-speaker_number-5,3448,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4060,no -3448-speakers-5,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4060,no -3448-LEI-1,3448,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3448-vitality-1,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6474,yes +3448-speaker_number-5,3448,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4080,no +3448-speakers-5,3448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4080,no +3448-LEI-1,3448,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3448-vitality-1,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6498,yes 3448-LEI-2,3448,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3448-vitality-2,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3448-LEI-3,3448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3448-vitality-3,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3448-LEI-3,3448,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3448-vitality-3,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3448-LEI-4,3448,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3448-vitality-4,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3448-LEI-5,3448,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Young children in the New York communities do not speak the language (p. 67). ""Juhuri children in school often identify themselves as Russian Jews or Azerbaijanis"" (p. 65).",bib4060,no -3448-vitality-5,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Young children in the New York communities do not speak the language (p. 67). ""Juhuri children in school often identify themselves as Russian Jews or Azerbaijanis"" (p. 65).",bib4060,no +3448-LEI-5,3448,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Young children in the New York communities do not speak the language (p. 67). ""Juhuri children in school often identify themselves as Russian Jews or Azerbaijanis"" (p. 65).",bib4080,no +3448-vitality-5,3448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Young children in the New York communities do not speak the language (p. 67). ""Juhuri children in school often identify themselves as Russian Jews or Azerbaijanis"" (p. 65).",bib4080,no 3451-context-1,3451,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Bengali, or Nepali""}",,,bib67,no -3451-location-1,3451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6867, 89.5056]]}",,,bib5307,no -3451-location-2,3451,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""West Bengal, Jalp\u0101\u012bgu\u1e0d\u012b district, near Bhutanese border.""}",,,bib7525,no +3451-location-1,3451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6867, 89.5056]]}",,,bib5330,no +3451-location-2,3451,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""West Bengal, Jalp\u0101\u012bgu\u1e0d\u012b district, near Bhutanese border.""}",,,bib7550,no 3451-location-3,3451,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""West Bengal, Jalpaiguri District, Subhapara, Dhunchipara, Panchayatpara hillocks on Indo-Bhutan border, Totopara village""}",,,bib67,no -3451-speaker_number-1,3451,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3451-speakers-1,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3451-speaker_number-2,3451,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Toby Anderson is a linguist who works with the Toto people. He bases this speaker number estimate off of communication with Dhaniram Toto, the president of Toto Kalyan Samity, the Committee for the Preservation of Toto Language and Culture.",bib468,yes -3451-speakers-2,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Toby Anderson is a linguist who works with the Toto people. He bases this speaker number estimate off of communication with Dhaniram Toto, the president of Toto Kalyan Samity, the Committee for the Preservation of Toto Language and Culture.",bib468,yes -3451-speaker_number-3,3451,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Just under a thousand speakers known in 1994.,bib7525,no -3451-speakers-3,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Just under a thousand speakers known in 1994.,bib7525,no +3451-speaker_number-1,3451,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3451-speakers-1,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3451-speaker_number-2,3451,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Toby Anderson is a linguist who works with the Toto people. He bases this speaker number estimate off of communication with Dhaniram Toto, the president of Toto Kalyan Samity, the Committee for the Preservation of Toto Language and Culture.",bib471,yes +3451-speakers-2,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Toby Anderson is a linguist who works with the Toto people. He bases this speaker number estimate off of communication with Dhaniram Toto, the president of Toto Kalyan Samity, the Committee for the Preservation of Toto Language and Culture.",bib471,yes +3451-speaker_number-3,3451,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Just under a thousand speakers known in 1994.,bib7550,no +3451-speakers-3,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Just under a thousand speakers known in 1994.,bib7550,no 3451-speaker_number-4,3451,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3451-speakers-4,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3451-speaker_number-5,3451,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (King 1994),bib67,no 3451-speakers-5,3451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (King 1994),bib67,no -3451-LEI-1,3451,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3451-vitality-1,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3451-LEI-2,3451,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,yes -3451-vitality-2,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,yes -3451-LEI-3,3451,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Declining number. Severely endangered.,bib7525,no -3451-vitality-3,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Declining number. Severely endangered.,bib7525,no +3451-LEI-1,3451,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3451-vitality-1,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3451-LEI-2,3451,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib471,yes +3451-vitality-2,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib471,yes +3451-LEI-3,3451,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Declining number. Severely endangered.,bib7550,no +3451-vitality-3,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Declining number. Severely endangered.,bib7550,no 3451-LEI-4,3451,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3451-vitality-4,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3451-LEI-5,3451,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3451-vitality-5,3451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3452-location-1,3452,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, middle Sepik region, upper Walio river; near Akiapmin south of Central Range.""}",,,bib69,no 3452-location-2,3452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8, 142.09]]}",,,bib75,no -3452-location-3,3452,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""unknown villages""}",,,bib4545,no -3452-location-4,3452,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Tuwari speakers \""used to live at the village of Tuwari on the upper Leonhard Schultze River and in other areas to the south and south-west of Tuwari. At present they live at Sumwari, with the exception of a small group who live at Akiapmin on a tributary of the Ok Om River.\""""}",,,bib1794,yes +3452-location-3,3452,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""unknown villages""}",,,bib4566,no +3452-location-4,3452,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Tuwari speakers \""used to live at the village of Tuwari on the upper Leonhard Schultze River and in other areas to the south and south-west of Tuwari. At present they live at Sumwari, with the exception of a small group who live at Akiapmin on a tributary of the Ok Om River.\""""}",,,bib1806,yes 3452-speaker_number-1,3452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3452-speakers-1,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3452-speaker_number-2,3452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 3452-speakers-2,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -3452-speaker_number-3,3452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Townsends 1969),bib4545,no -3452-speakers-3,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Townsends 1969),bib4545,no -3452-speaker_number-4,3452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,about 90 people,bib1794,yes -3452-speakers-4,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,about 90 people,bib1794,yes +3452-speaker_number-3,3452,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Townsends 1969),bib4566,no +3452-speakers-3,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Townsends 1969),bib4566,no +3452-speaker_number-4,3452,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,about 90 people,bib1806,yes +3452-speakers-4,3452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,about 90 people,bib1806,yes 3452-LEI-1,3452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3452-vitality-1,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3452-LEI-2,3452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3452-vitality-2,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3452-LEI-3,3452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3452-vitality-3,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3452-LEI-4,3452,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -3452-vitality-4,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes +3452-LEI-3,3452,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3452-vitality-3,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3452-LEI-4,3452,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +3452-vitality-4,3452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes 3453-location-1,3453,location,"{""Places"": [""Chihuahua, Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.814167, -106.439444]]}",,,bib74,no 3453-location-2,3453,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.61, -107.66], [26.73, -106.71], [27.46, -107.85], [27.03, -107.58], [27.56, -107.15]]}",,,bib75,no 3453-location-3,3453,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no 3453-speaker_number-1,3453,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3453-speakers-1,3453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3453-speaker_number-2,3453,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1547,yes -3453-speakers-2,3453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85,018"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1547,yes +3453-speaker_number-2,3453,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1559,yes +3453-speakers-2,3453,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85,018"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1559,yes 3453-speaker_number-3,3453,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 5 Tarahumara languages: Tarahumara, Central [tar]: 55,000 (2000). Tarahumara, Northern [thh]: 300 (1993). Tarahumara, Southeastern [tcu]: No estimate available. @@ -37341,8 +37527,8 @@ Tarahumara, Southwestern [twr]: 100 (1983). Tarahumara, Western [tac]: 39,800 (1996).",bib67,no 3453-LEI-1,3453,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3453-vitality-1,3453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3453-LEI-2,3453,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -3453-vitality-2,3453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +3453-LEI-2,3453,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +3453-vitality-2,3453,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 3453-LEI-3,3453,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 5 Tarahumara languages: Tarahumara, Central [tar]: 55,000 (2000). Tarahumara, Northern [thh]: 300 (1993). Tarahumara, Southeastern [tcu]: No estimate available. @@ -37353,66 +37539,66 @@ Tarahumara, Northern [thh]: 300 (1993). Tarahumara, Southeastern [tcu]: No estimate available. Tarahumara, Southwestern [twr]: 100 (1983). Tarahumara, Western [tac]: 39,800 (1996).",bib67,no -3454-location-1,3454,location,"{""Places"": [""Poland""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Gdansk""}",,,bib6474,yes +3454-location-1,3454,location,"{""Places"": [""Poland""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Gdansk""}",,,bib6498,yes 3454-location-2,3454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.0, 16.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3454-location-3,3454,location,"{""Places"": [""Poland"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib67,no -3454-location-4,3454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.356076, 17.893982]]}",,,bib4042,no -3454-location-5,3454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.6484, 17.2485]]}",,,bib5307,no -3454-speaker_number-1,3454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -3454-speakers-1,3454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +3454-location-4,3454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.356076, 17.893982]]}",,,bib4062,no +3454-location-5,3454,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.6484, 17.2485]]}",,,bib5330,no +3454-speaker_number-1,3454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +3454-speakers-1,3454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 3454-speaker_number-2,3454,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"3,000 in Poland (T. Salminen 1993).",bib67,no 3454-speakers-2,3454,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"3,000 in Poland (T. Salminen 1993).",bib67,no -3454-speaker_number-3,3454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3454-speakers-3,3454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3454-speaker_number-3,3454,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3454-speakers-3,3454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3454-speaker_number-4,3454,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3454-speakers-4,3454,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3454-LEI-1,3454,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -3454-transmission-1,3454,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -3454-vitality-1,3454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +3454-LEI-1,3454,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +3454-transmission-1,3454,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +3454-vitality-1,3454,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 3454-LEI-2,3454,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3454-vitality-2,3454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3454-LEI-3,3454,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3454-vitality-3,3454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3454-LEI-3,3454,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3454-vitality-3,3454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3454-LEI-4,3454,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3454-vitality-4,3454,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3457-location-1,3457,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.6666666667, -100.5]]}",,,bib216,no -3457-location-2,3457,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""San Luis de la Paz (state of Guanajuato) (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:198)""}",,,bib4527,no +3457-location-2,3457,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""San Luis de la Paz (state of Guanajuato) (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:198)""}",,,bib4548,no 3457-location-3,3457,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -3457-speaker_number-1,3457,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1544,yes -3457-speakers-1,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,582"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1544,yes -3457-speaker_number-2,3457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4527,no -3457-speakers-2,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""877"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4527,no +3457-speaker_number-1,3457,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1556,yes +3457-speakers-1,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,582"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1556,yes +3457-speaker_number-2,3457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4548,no +3457-speakers-2,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""877"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4548,no 3457-speaker_number-3,3457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Olson Instituto Betania (1993).,bib67,no 3457-speakers-3,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Olson Instituto Betania (1993).,bib67,no 3457-speaker_number-4,3457,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3457-speakers-4,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3457-speaker_number-5,3457,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In the 2000 General Census by INEGI 1,641 people named themselves as speakers of the Chichimeca Jonaz language. Of these 1,433 speakers lived in Guanajuato, and the other 115 in San Luis Potosí.",bib1662,no -3457-speakers-5,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,641"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In the 2000 General Census by INEGI 1,641 people named themselves as speakers of the Chichimeca Jonaz language. Of these 1,433 speakers lived in Guanajuato, and the other 115 in San Luis Potosí.",bib1662,no -3457-LEI-1,3457,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1544,yes -3457-vitality-1,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1544,yes -3457-LEI-2,3457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -3457-vitality-2,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +3457-speaker_number-5,3457,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In the 2000 General Census by INEGI 1,641 people named themselves as speakers of the Chichimeca Jonaz language. Of these 1,433 speakers lived in Guanajuato, and the other 115 in San Luis Potosí.",bib1674,no +3457-speakers-5,3457,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,641"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In the 2000 General Census by INEGI 1,641 people named themselves as speakers of the Chichimeca Jonaz language. Of these 1,433 speakers lived in Guanajuato, and the other 115 in San Luis Potosí.",bib1674,no +3457-LEI-1,3457,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1556,yes +3457-vitality-1,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1556,yes +3457-LEI-2,3457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +3457-vitality-2,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 3457-LEI-3,3457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3457-vitality-3,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3457-LEI-4,3457,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3457-vitality-4,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3457-LEI-5,3457,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1662,no -3457-vitality-5,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1662,no -3458-location-1,3458,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.6608, -97.335]]}",,,bib5307,no +3457-LEI-5,3457,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1674,no +3457-vitality-5,3457,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1674,no +3458-location-1,3458,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.6608, -97.335]]}",,,bib5330,no 3458-location-2,3458,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.6666666667, -97.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3458-location-3,3458,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -3458-speaker_number-1,3458,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3458-speakers-1,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""381"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3458-speaker_number-2,3458,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4527,no -3458-speakers-2,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4527,no +3458-speaker_number-1,3458,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3458-speakers-1,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""381"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3458-speaker_number-2,3458,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4548,no +3458-speakers-2,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4548,no 3458-speaker_number-3,3458,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 3458-speakers-3,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes 3458-speaker_number-4,3458,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3458-speakers-4,3458,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""770"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3458-LEI-1,3458,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3458-vitality-1,3458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3458-LEI-2,3458,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -3458-vitality-2,3458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +3458-LEI-1,3458,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3458-vitality-1,3458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3458-LEI-2,3458,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +3458-vitality-2,3458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 3458-LEI-3,3458,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 3458-vitality-3,3458,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3458-LEI-4,3458,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -37420,139 +37606,139 @@ Tarahumara, Western [tac]: 39,800 (1996).",bib67,no 3459-location-1,3459,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.49, -92.47]]}",,,bib75,no 3459-speaker_number-1,3459,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib117,yes 3459-speakers-1,3459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""128,240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib117,yes -3459-speaker_number-2,3459,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4527,no -3459-speakers-2,3459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96,776"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4527,no +3459-speaker_number-2,3459,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4548,no +3459-speakers-2,3459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96,776"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4548,no 3459-speaker_number-3,3459,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue has 2 Chol languages, Tila Chol [cti] and Tumbalá Chol. Others recognize only one Chol language. Tila Chol: 43,900 speakers (2000), Tumbalá Chol: 90,000 (1992).",bib67,no 3459-speakers-3,3459,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""133,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 for Tila, 1992 for Tumbal\u00e1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Ethnologue has 2 Chol languages, Tila Chol [cti] and Tumbalá Chol. Others recognize only one Chol language. Tila Chol: 43,900 speakers (2000), Tumbalá Chol: 90,000 (1992).",bib67,no 3459-LEI-1,3459,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib117,yes 3459-vitality-1,3459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib117,yes -3459-LEI-2,3459,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -3459-vitality-2,3459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +3459-LEI-2,3459,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +3459-vitality-2,3459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 3459-LEI-3,3459,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3459-vitality-3,3459,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3460-location-1,3460,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.7607, -92.5936]]}",,,bib5307,no +3460-location-1,3460,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.7607, -92.5936]]}",,,bib5330,no 3460-location-2,3460,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.1666666667, -92.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3460-location-3,3460,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -3460-speaker_number-1,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3460-speakers-1,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,514"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3460-speaker_number-2,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""This number of speakers is based on Schumann"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib4527,no -3460-speakers-2,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""This number of speakers is based on Schumann"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib4527,no +3460-speaker_number-1,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3460-speakers-1,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,514"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3460-speaker_number-2,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""This number of speakers is based on Schumann"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib4548,no +3460-speakers-2,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""This number of speakers is based on Schumann"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib4548,no 3460-speaker_number-3,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,yes 3460-speakers-3,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,yes 3460-speaker_number-4,3460,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 2000 census.,bib67,no 3460-speakers-4,3460,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from 2000 census.,bib67,no -3460-LEI-1,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3460-vitality-1,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3460-LEI-2,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -3460-vitality-2,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +3460-LEI-1,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3460-vitality-1,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3460-LEI-2,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +3460-vitality-2,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 3460-LEI-3,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 3460-vitality-3,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3460-LEI-4,3460,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3460-vitality-4,3460,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3465-location-1,3465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.801461, -96.085258]]}",,,bib7945,no +3465-location-1,3465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.801461, -96.085258]]}",,,bib7970,no 3465-location-2,3465,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Oaxaca, Choapan District, Santiago Jocotepec Municipio: San Pedro Tepinapa Ejidal, San Pedro Tepinapa Comunal (locally known as Monte de Oro), Linda Vista; San Juan Petlapa Municipio: Santa Mar\u00eda Lovani, San Juan Toavela, and Santa Isabel Cajonos""}",,,bib67,no -3465-speaker_number-1,3465,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4527,yes -3465-speakers-1,3465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,087"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4527,yes +3465-speaker_number-1,3465,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4548,yes +3465-speakers-1,3465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,087"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4548,yes 3465-speaker_number-2,3465,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 monolinguals",bib67,no 3465-speakers-2,3465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 monolinguals",bib67,no -3465-LEI-1,3465,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,yes -3465-speaker_number_trends-1,3465,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4527,yes -3465-vitality-1,3465,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4527,yes +3465-LEI-1,3465,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,yes +3465-speaker_number_trends-1,3465,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4548,yes +3465-vitality-1,3465,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4548,yes 3465-LEI-2,3465,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3465-vitality-2,3465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3466-location-1,3466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.8333333333, -89.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3466-location-2,3466,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Honduras""]}",,"Eastern border with Honduras, Chiquimula and Zacapa departments.",bib67,no -3466-location-3,3466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.9364, -88.865]]}",,,bib5307,no -3466-location-4,3466,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""240 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5849,no -3466-location-5,3466,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Chiquimula: Jocot\u00e1n, Camot\u00e1n, Olopa y Quezaltepeque.\nZacapa: La Uni\u00f3n.""}",,,bib6262,yes +3466-location-3,3466,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.9364, -88.865]]}",,,bib5330,no +3466-location-4,3466,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""240 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5873,no +3466-location-5,3466,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Chiquimula: Jocot\u00e1n, Camot\u00e1n, Olopa y Quezaltepeque.\nZacapa: La Uni\u00f3n.""}",,,bib6286,yes 3466-speaker_number-1,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 30,000 speakers in Guatemala (J. Lubeck 2000). 30,000 in Guatemala (2000 J. Lubeck). Population total all countries: 30,010 (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 3466-speakers-1,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 30,000 speakers in Guatemala (J. Lubeck 2000). 30,000 in Guatemala (2000 J. Lubeck). Population total all countries: 30,010 (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no -3466-speaker_number-2,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3466-speakers-2,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,744"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3466-speaker_number-2,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3466-speakers-2,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,744"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3466-speakers-3,3466,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46,833"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"23,365 women; 23,468 men. 2002 Census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -3466-speaker_number-4,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6077,no -3466-speakers-4,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6077,no -3466-speaker_number-5,3466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -3466-speakers-5,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,105"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +3466-speaker_number-4,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6101,no +3466-speakers-4,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6101,no +3466-speaker_number-5,3466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +3466-speakers-5,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,105"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 3466-speaker_number-6,3466,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3466-speakers-6,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3466-speaker_number-7,3466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,105 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -3466-speakers-7,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,105"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9,105 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +3466-speaker_number-7,3466,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,105 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +3466-speakers-7,3466,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,105"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9,105 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 3466-LEI-1,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3466-vitality-1,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3466-LEI-2,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3466-vitality-2,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3466-LEI-3,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -3466-vitality-3,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no -3466-LEI-4,3466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -3466-vitality-4,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +3466-LEI-2,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3466-vitality-2,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3466-LEI-3,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +3466-vitality-3,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no +3466-LEI-4,3466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +3466-vitality-4,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 3466-LEI-5,3466,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3466-vitality-5,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3466-LEI-6,3466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -3466-vitality-6,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +3466-LEI-6,3466,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +3466-vitality-6,3466,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 3467-location-1,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango Department, Guatemala; some in nearby Mexico.""}",,"Central western Coatán River area, west Huehuetenango Department.",bib67,no -3467-location-2,3467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.1203, -92.0407], [15.8259, -91.4783]]}",,,bib5307,no -3467-location-3,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""]}",,,bib6077,no -3467-location-4,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""1,415 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5849,no -3467-location-5,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Mateo Ixtat\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Coat\u00e1n and some villages of Nent\u00f3n.""}",,,bib6262,yes +3467-location-2,3467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.1203, -92.0407], [15.8259, -91.4783]]}",,,bib5330,no +3467-location-3,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""]}",,,bib6101,no +3467-location-4,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""1,415 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5873,no +3467-location-5,3467,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Mateo Ixtat\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Coat\u00e1n and some villages of Nent\u00f3n.""}",,,bib6286,yes 3467-speakers-1,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Chuj languages, Ixtatán Chuj [cnm] and San Sebastián Coatán Chuj [cac]. Other classifiers recognize only one. Ixtatán Chuj has 31,600 speakers, San Sebastián Coatán Chuj has 19,600 (1991).",bib67,no 3467-speakers-2,3467,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""64,438"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"31,667 men; 32,771 women. 2002 census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -3467-speaker_number-3,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"This speaker number is for Guatemala. ""also a few thousand in Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib6077,no -3467-speakers-3,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"This speaker number is for Guatemala. ""also a few thousand in Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib6077,no -3467-speaker_number-4,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -3467-speakers-4,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,253"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no +3467-speaker_number-3,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"This speaker number is for Guatemala. ""also a few thousand in Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib6101,no +3467-speakers-3,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"This speaker number is for Guatemala. ""also a few thousand in Mexico"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:199).",bib6101,no +3467-speaker_number-4,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +3467-speakers-4,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,253"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no 3467-speaker_number-5,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3467-speakers-5,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,458"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3467-speaker_number-6,3467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"38,253 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 3467-speakers-6,3467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,253"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"38,253 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -3467-LEI-1,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -3467-vitality-1,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no -3467-LEI-2,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -3467-vitality-2,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +3467-LEI-1,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +3467-vitality-1,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no +3467-LEI-2,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +3467-vitality-2,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 3467-LEI-3,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3467-vitality-3,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3467-LEI-4,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -3467-vitality-4,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +3467-LEI-4,3467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +3467-vitality-4,3467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 3471-location-1,3471,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -3471-location-2,3471,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8, -96.961], [17.9511, -96.7384]]}",,,bib5307,yes -3471-location-3,3471,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Northern Oaxaca""}",,,bib6077,no -3471-speaker_number-1,3471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4527,no -3471-speakers-1,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4527,no +3471-location-2,3471,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8, -96.961], [17.9511, -96.7384]]}",,,bib5330,yes +3471-location-3,3471,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Northern Oaxaca""}",,,bib6101,no +3471-speaker_number-1,3471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4548,no +3471-speakers-1,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4548,no 3471-speaker_number-2,3471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,260 monolinguals.,bib67,no 3471-speakers-2,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,260 monolinguals.,bib67,no -3471-speaker_number-3,3471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -3471-speakers-3,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3471-speaker_number-3,3471,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +3471-speakers-3,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3471-speaker_number-4,3471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib117,no 3471-speakers-4,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,677"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib117,no 3471-speaker_number-5,3471,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3471-speakers-5,3471,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3471-LEI-1,3471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4527,no -3471-vitality-1,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4527,no +3471-LEI-1,3471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4548,no +3471-vitality-1,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4548,no 3471-LEI-2,3471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3471-vitality-2,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3471-LEI-3,3471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3471-vitality-3,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3471-LEI-3,3471,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3471-vitality-3,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3471-LEI-4,3471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib117,no 3471-vitality-4,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib117,no 3471-LEI-5,3471,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3471-vitality-5,3471,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3472-context-1,3472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""195,700""}",,100 monolinguals. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible: 2002.,bib67,no -3472-context-2,3472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Belizean Creole (Bileez Kriol)""}",,All in Hopkins are at least bilingual.,bib6157,no -3472-context-3,3472,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib433,no -3472-context-4,3472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English-based Caribbean Creole""}",,"""There is a high degree of bilingualism with English-based Caribbean Creole."" (2007:200)",bib6077,yes +3472-context-2,3472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Belizean Creole (Bileez Kriol)""}",,All in Hopkins are at least bilingual.,bib6181,no +3472-context-3,3472,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib434,no +3472-context-4,3472,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English-based Caribbean Creole""}",,"""There is a high degree of bilingualism with English-based Caribbean Creole."" (2007:200)",bib6101,yes 3472-location-1,3472,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.6666666667, -88.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3472-location-2,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize"", ""USA"", ""Nicaragua"", ""Guatemala"", ""Honduras"", ""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""Mainly north coast between Masca, Cort\u00e9s Department and Plaplaya; Gracias a Dios Department. 37 villages in Honduras, 46 elsewhere in Central America (plus cities La Ceiba, San Pedro Sula, Tegucigalpa, and Puerto Cort\u00e9s). Also in Belize, Guatemala, Nicaragua, United States (New York City; New Orleans).""}",,"Mainly north coast between Masca, Cortés Department, Plaplaya; Gracias a Dios Department. 37 villages in Honduras, 46 elsewhere in Central America (plus cities La Ceiba, San Pedro Sula, Tegucigalpa, and Puerto Cortés).",bib67,no -3472-location-3,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras"", ""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Nicaragua"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""\""Spoken by Garinagu in over fifty communities\"" in the countries listed. \nBelize: Dangriga (Stann Creek district); Punta Gorda (Toledo district); Hopkins; Seine Bight; Georgetown; and Barranco.""}",,,bib6157,no -3472-location-4,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Corozal""}",,,bib433,no -3472-location-5,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Honduras"", ""Nicaragua""], ""Description"": ""Belize: Dangriga; Stann Creek; Toledo\nGuatemala: Livingston; Puerto Barrios\nHonduras: Masca, Cort\u00e9s department; Plaplaya; Gracias a Dios\nNicaragua: Orinoco in the Regiones Atl\u00e1nticas Aut\u00f3nomas del Sur"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.5666, -83.7166], [15.8268, -88.7506], [15.6754, -88.1476], [17.1833, -88.5833]]}",,,bib5307,no -3472-location-6,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras"", ""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Nicaragua""], ""Description"": ""\""Originally from the island of St. Vincent...Also spoken in Belize, Guatemala and Nicaragua. In Honduras it is spoken in the Departments of Cort\u00e9s and Gracias a Dios.\"" (2007:200)""}",,,bib6077,yes -3472-location-7,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Covers a 20 square kilometer region in Guatemala.""}",,,bib5849,no +3472-location-3,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras"", ""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Nicaragua"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""\""Spoken by Garinagu in over fifty communities\"" in the countries listed. \nBelize: Dangriga (Stann Creek district); Punta Gorda (Toledo district); Hopkins; Seine Bight; Georgetown; and Barranco.""}",,,bib6181,no +3472-location-4,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Corozal""}",,,bib434,no +3472-location-5,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Honduras"", ""Nicaragua""], ""Description"": ""Belize: Dangriga; Stann Creek; Toledo\nGuatemala: Livingston; Puerto Barrios\nHonduras: Masca, Cort\u00e9s department; Plaplaya; Gracias a Dios\nNicaragua: Orinoco in the Regiones Atl\u00e1nticas Aut\u00f3nomas del Sur"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.5666, -83.7166], [15.8268, -88.7506], [15.6754, -88.1476], [17.1833, -88.5833]]}",,,bib5330,no +3472-location-6,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras"", ""Belize"", ""Guatemala"", ""Nicaragua""], ""Description"": ""\""Originally from the island of St. Vincent...Also spoken in Belize, Guatemala and Nicaragua. In Honduras it is spoken in the Departments of Cort\u00e9s and Gracias a Dios.\"" (2007:200)""}",,,bib6101,yes +3472-location-7,3472,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Covers a 20 square kilometer region in Guatemala.""}",,,bib5873,no 3472-speaker_number-1,3472,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"98,000 in Honduras (1993). 98,000 in Honduras (Rivas 1993). Population total all countries: 195,800. 100 monolinguals (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no @@ -37560,89 +37746,89 @@ base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes 98,000 in Honduras (Rivas 1993). Population total all countries: 195,800. 100 monolinguals (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 3472-speaker_number-2,3472,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnic population in Belize: 14,061; Honduras: ~98,000. -About 10%% of children were speakers in 1986; 90%% did not speak it; Those children are now parents. Neither they nor their children speak the language. (2007:27)",bib6157,no +About 10%% of children were speakers in 1986; 90%% did not speak it; Those children are now parents. Neither they nor their children speak the language. (2007:27)",bib6181,no 3472-speakers-2,3472,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""~10%%"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~75,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnic population in Belize: 14,061; Honduras: ~98,000. -About 10%% of children were speakers in 1986; 90%% did not speak it; Those children are now parents. Neither they nor their children speak the language. (2007:27)",bib6157,no +About 10%% of children were speakers in 1986; 90%% did not speak it; Those children are now parents. Neither they nor their children speak the language. (2007:27)",bib6181,no 3472-speaker_number-3,3472,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Belize: 14,061 (2000) Nicaragua: no number given (critically endangered) Guatemala: 3,564 (2002) -Honduras: 98,000 ""Estimate by Rivas which appears in Ethnologue; the number of speakers in that estimate is now inaccurate.""",bib5307,no +Honduras: 98,000 ""Estimate by Rivas which appears in Ethnologue; the number of speakers in that estimate is now inaccurate.""",bib5330,no 3472-speakers-3,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115,625"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Belize: 14,061 (2000) Nicaragua: no number given (critically endangered) Guatemala: 3,564 (2002) -Honduras: 98,000 ""Estimate by Rivas which appears in Ethnologue; the number of speakers in that estimate is now inaccurate.""",bib5307,no -3472-speaker_number-4,3472,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6077,yes -3472-speakers-4,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6077,yes -3472-speaker_number-5,3472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,203 speakers in Guatemala.,bib5849,no -3472-speakers-5,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""203 (Guatemala)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,203 speakers in Guatemala.,bib5849,no +Honduras: 98,000 ""Estimate by Rivas which appears in Ethnologue; the number of speakers in that estimate is now inaccurate.""",bib5330,no +3472-speaker_number-4,3472,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6101,yes +3472-speakers-4,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6101,yes +3472-speaker_number-5,3472,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,203 speakers in Guatemala.,bib5873,no +3472-speakers-5,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""203 (Guatemala)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,203 speakers in Guatemala.,bib5873,no 3472-speaker_number-6,3472,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3472-speakers-6,3472,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""191,974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3472-LEI-1,3472,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to Spanish [spa] in some villages. All domains.,bib67,no 3472-domains_of_use-1,3472,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Shifting to Spanish [spa] in some villages. All domains.,bib67,no 3472-vitality-1,3472,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Shifting to Spanish [spa] in some villages. All domains.,bib67,no -3472-LEI-2,3472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6157,no -3472-transmission-2,3472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6157,no -3472-domains_of_use-2,3472,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6157,no -3472-speaker_number_trends-2,3472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6157,no -3472-vitality-2,3472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6157,no -3472-LEI-4,3472,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Critically endangered in Nicaragua.,bib5307,no -3472-vitality-4,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Critically endangered in Nicaragua.,bib5307,no -3472-LEI-5,3472,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,yes -3472-vitality-5,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,yes -3472-LEI-6,3472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -3472-vitality-6,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +3472-LEI-2,3472,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6181,no +3472-transmission-2,3472,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6181,no +3472-domains_of_use-2,3472,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6181,no +3472-speaker_number_trends-2,3472,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6181,no +3472-vitality-2,3472,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the district towns of Punta Gorda and Dangriga, Garifuna is rarely heard on the streets and only older people regularly use the language. (1986, so probably even less now). In the rural communities one is more likely to hear Garifuna than in the towns.",bib6181,no +3472-LEI-4,3472,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Critically endangered in Nicaragua.,bib5330,no +3472-vitality-4,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Critically endangered in Nicaragua.,bib5330,no +3472-LEI-5,3472,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,yes +3472-vitality-5,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,yes +3472-LEI-6,3472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +3472-vitality-6,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 3472-LEI-7,3472,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3472-vitality-7,3472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3487-context-1,3487,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Official language""}",,,bib67,no -3487-location-1,3487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.5049, 179.187]]}",,,bib5307,no +3487-location-1,3487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.5049, 179.187]]}",,,bib5330,no 3487-location-2,3487,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.5, 179.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3487-location-3,3487,location,"{""Places"": [""Fiji"", ""Nauru"", ""Kiribati"", ""New Zealand"", ""Tuvalu""], ""Description"": ""Tuvalu: 7 of the 9 inhabited islands.""}",,,bib67,no -3487-speaker_number-1,3487,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3487-speakers-1,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3487-speaker_number-2,3487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are several small communities of speakers in Fiji and Kiribati,bib897,yes -3487-speakers-2,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are several small communities of speakers in Fiji and Kiribati,bib897,yes +3487-speaker_number-1,3487,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3487-speakers-1,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3487-speaker_number-2,3487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are several small communities of speakers in Fiji and Kiribati,bib901,yes +3487-speakers-2,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are several small communities of speakers in Fiji and Kiribati,bib901,yes 3487-speaker_number-3,3487,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3487-speakers-3,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,051"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3487-speaker_number-4,3487,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,700 in Tuvalu (1998).",bib67,no 3487-speakers-4,3487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,080"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,700 in Tuvalu (1998).",bib67,no -3487-LEI-1,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3487-vitality-1,3487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3487-LEI-2,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib897,yes -3487-transmission-2,3487,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib897,yes -3487-domains_of_use-2,3487,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib897,yes -3487-vitality-2,3487,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib897,yes +3487-LEI-1,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3487-vitality-1,3487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3487-LEI-2,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib901,yes +3487-transmission-2,3487,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib901,yes +3487-domains_of_use-2,3487,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib901,yes +3487-vitality-2,3487,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib901,yes 3487-LEI-3,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3487-vitality-3,3487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3487-LEI-4,3487,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous,bib67,no 3487-vitality-4,3487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous,bib67,no 3489-context-1,3489,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Interest in revitalization.""}",,,bib69,yes -3489-location-1,3489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.61529, 143.7268]]}",,,bib7945,no +3489-location-1,3489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.61529, 143.7268]]}",,,bib7970,no 3489-location-2,3489,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Mandi village, southeast of Wewak on coast.""}",,,bib69,yes -3489-location-3,3489,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mandi village""}",,,bib4545,no +3489-location-3,3489,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mandi village""}",,,bib4566,no 3489-speaker_number-1,3489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3489-speakers-1,3489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""162"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3489-speaker_number-2,3489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,yes 3489-speakers-2,3489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,yes -3489-speaker_number-3,3489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -3489-speakers-3,3489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""162"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +3489-speaker_number-3,3489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +3489-speakers-3,3489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""162"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 3489-LEI-1,3489,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3489-vitality-1,3489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3489-LEI-2,3489,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Used only by those over 60, middle-aged understand, but speak only a few phrases; youth do not understand. Very few village speakers.",bib69,yes 3489-transmission-2,3489,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Used only by those over 60, middle-aged understand, but speak only a few phrases; youth do not understand. Very few village speakers.",bib69,yes 3489-vitality-2,3489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Used only by those over 60, middle-aged understand, but speak only a few phrases; youth do not understand. Very few village speakers.",bib69,yes -3489-LEI-3,3489,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3489-vitality-3,3489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3490-location-1,3490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4723, 85.008]]}",,,bib5307,no -3490-location-2,3490,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Banks of Shar river.""}",,,bib7525,no +3489-LEI-3,3489,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3489-vitality-3,3489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3490-location-1,3490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4723, 85.008]]}",,,bib5330,no +3490-location-2,3490,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Banks of Shar river.""}",,,bib7550,no 3490-location-3,3490,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Gandaki zone, north Gorkha District, Tsum area, the region drained by the Shiar Khola north of Ganesh Himal""}",,,bib67,yes -3490-speaker_number-1,3490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3490-speakers-1,3490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,786"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3490-speaker_number-1,3490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3490-speakers-1,3490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,786"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3490-speaker_number-3,3490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3490-speakers-3,3490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,786"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3490-speaker_number-4,3490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3490-speakers-4,3490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3490-LEI-1,3490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3490-vitality-1,3490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3490-LEI-1,3490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3490-vitality-1,3490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3490-LEI-2,3490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3490-vitality-2,3490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3490-LEI-3,3490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most domains,bib67,yes @@ -37650,26 +37836,26 @@ Honduras: 98,000 ""Estimate by Rivas which appears in Ethnologue; the number of 3494-context-1,3494,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy], Yetfa [yet]""}",,,bib69,no 3494-location-1,3494,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, border area south of Jayapura, Towe Hitam village, south of Dubu [dmu] and west of Emem [enr] language areas.""}",,,bib69,no 3494-location-2,3494,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.87, 140.8]]}",,,bib75,no -3494-location-3,3494,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Towei and Tabi villages.""}",,,bib7641,yes +3494-location-3,3494,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Towei and Tabi villages.""}",,,bib7666,yes 3494-speaker_number-1,3494,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3494-speakers-1,3494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3494-speaker_number-2,3494,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3494-speakers-2,3494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3494-speaker_number-3,3494,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7641,yes -3494-speakers-3,3494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7641,yes +3494-speaker_number-3,3494,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7666,yes +3494-speakers-3,3494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~115"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7666,yes 3494-LEI-1,3494,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3494-vitality-1,3494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3494-LEI-2,3494,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3494-vitality-2,3494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3494-LEI-3,3494,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7641,yes -3494-vitality-3,3494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7641,yes +3494-LEI-3,3494,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7666,yes +3494-vitality-3,3494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7666,yes 3495-context-1,3495,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""support from the Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n Nacional""}",,"El castellano ha desplazado al nam trik, en la mayoría de los dominios de uso públicos, familiares y comunitarios, existe una ruptura en la transmisión intergeneracional y al menos dos generaciones completas de monolingües en castellano. (=Spanish has displaced nam trik in the majority of public, familial, and community domains. there is a break in inter-generational transmission, and at least two full generations of monolingual Spanish speakers.) -There is also a radio series “namoi nam trik pesenamitan”, and various multimedia tools for language learning and preservation.",bib5240,no +There is also a radio series “namoi nam trik pesenamitan”, and various multimedia tools for language learning and preservation.",bib5263,no 3495-location-1,3495,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""17 km west of Silvia, Cauca, in Totoro town""}",,"Cauca Department, 17 km west of Silvia, in Totoro town.",bib67,no 3495-location-2,3495,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Cauca department: Totoro, 17 km west of Silvia.",bib70,yes -3495-location-3,3495,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.504, -76.4016]]}",,,bib5307,no -3495-location-4,3495,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +3495-location-3,3495,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.504, -76.4016]]}",,,bib5330,no +3495-location-4,3495,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 3495-speaker_number-1,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (Arango and Sánchez 1998). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 3,550 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -37677,253 +37863,253 @@ No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 3,550 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 3,550 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 3495-speakers-2,3495,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3550"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""(2007 ethnic population)""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib70,yes -3495-speaker_number-3,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3495-speakers-3,3495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3495-speaker_number-3,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3495-speakers-3,3495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3495-speaker_number-4,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3495-speakers-4,3495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3495-speaker_number-5,3495,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 40 years of age.,bib5240,no -3495-speakers-5,3495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx. 50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 40 years of age.,bib5240,no -3495-speaker_number-6,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -3495-speakers-6,3495,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no +3495-speaker_number-5,3495,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,All speakers are over 40 years of age.,bib5263,no +3495-speakers-5,3495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx. 50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,All speakers are over 40 years of age.,bib5263,no +3495-speaker_number-6,3495,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +3495-speakers-6,3495,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no 3495-LEI-1,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3495-vitality-1,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3495-LEI-2,3495,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib70,yes 3495-vitality-2,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,yes -3495-LEI-3,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3495-vitality-3,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3495-LEI-3,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3495-vitality-3,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3495-LEI-4,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3495-vitality-4,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3495-LEI-5,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5240,no -3495-transmission-5,3495,transmission,5,transmission-5,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5240,no -3495-speaker_number_trends-5,3495,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5240,no -3495-vitality-5,3495,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5240,no -3495-LEI-6,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -3495-vitality-6,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +3495-LEI-5,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5263,no +3495-transmission-5,3495,transmission,5,transmission-5,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5263,no +3495-speaker_number_trends-5,3495,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5263,no +3495-vitality-5,3495,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"through the revitalization plan, bilingual schools have been created at the primary level.",bib5263,no +3495-LEI-6,3495,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +3495-vitality-6,3495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 3496-location-1,3496,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.4166666667, -92.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3496-location-2,3496,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guatemala: Area of Tectit\u00e1n, Cuilco. Mexico: Chiapas, Amatenango de la Frontera and Mazapa de Madero""}",,"Huehuetenango Department, Tectitán area, Cuilco.",bib67,yes -3496-location-3,3496,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3073, -92.0609]]}",,,bib5307,no -3496-location-4,3496,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 47 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +3496-location-3,3496,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3073, -92.0609]]}",,,bib5330,no +3496-location-4,3496,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 47 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 3496-speaker_number-1,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,900 in Guatemala (2002). Population total all countries: 5,900. 4,900 in Guatemala (2002). Population total all countries: 4,970. (2013).",bib67,yes 3496-speakers-1,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 for Guatemala"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,900 in Guatemala (2002). Population total all countries: 5,900. 4,900 in Guatemala (2002). Population total all countries: 4,970. (2013).",bib67,yes -3496-speaker_number-2,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3496-speakers-2,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,215"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3496-speaker_number-2,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3496-speakers-2,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,215"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3496-speakers-3,3496,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,077"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"1,008 men; 1,069 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -3496-speaker_number-4,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -3496-speakers-4,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,241"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +3496-speaker_number-4,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +3496-speakers-4,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,241"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 3496-speaker_number-5,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3496-speakers-5,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3496-speaker_number-6,3496,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,241 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en -las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,no +las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,no 3496-speakers-6,3496,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,241 in Guatemala"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,241 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en -las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,no +las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,no 3496-LEI-1,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3496-vitality-1,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3496-LEI-2,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3496-vitality-2,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3496-LEI-3,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -3496-vitality-3,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +3496-LEI-2,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3496-vitality-2,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3496-LEI-3,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +3496-vitality-3,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 3496-LEI-4,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3496-vitality-4,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3496-LEI-5,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,no -3496-vitality-5,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,no -3497-context-1,3497,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Mandarin is the medium of education. Tsou is used by the older speakers at home, in the church, and during the farming work or other traditional activites.",bib7158,yes -3497-location-1,3497,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Alishan Township \u963f\u91cc\u5c71\u9109 in Chiayi \u5609\u7fa9 County, and Hsinyi \u4fe1\u7fa9 Township in Nantou \u5357\u6295 County.""}",,,bib8330,no -3497-location-2,3497,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mt. Ali (\u963f\u91cc\u5c71) in Chiayi (\u5609\u7fa9)""}",,,bib7158,yes +3496-LEI-5,3496,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,no +3496-vitality-5,3496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,no +3497-context-1,3497,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Mandarin is the medium of education. Tsou is used by the older speakers at home, in the church, and during the farming work or other traditional activites.",bib7182,yes +3497-location-1,3497,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Alishan Township \u963f\u91cc\u5c71\u9109 in Chiayi \u5609\u7fa9 County, and Hsinyi \u4fe1\u7fa9 Township in Nantou \u5357\u6295 County.""}",,,bib8355,no +3497-location-2,3497,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Mt. Ali (\u963f\u91cc\u5c71) in Chiayi (\u5609\u7fa9)""}",,,bib7182,yes 3497-location-3,3497,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.5, 120.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3497-location-4,3497,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""West central mountains southeast of Chiayi, Alishan (Mt. Ali) area.""}",,,bib67,no -3497-speakers-1,3497,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,087 (including Tsou, Kanakanabu and Saaroa)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"The Kanakanabu people and the Saaroa people, who had long been classified under the Tsou nationality, have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",bib8330,no +3497-speakers-1,3497,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,087 (including Tsou, Kanakanabu and Saaroa)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"The Kanakanabu people and the Saaroa people, who had long been classified under the Tsou nationality, have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.",bib8355,no 3497-speaker_number-2,3497,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3497-speakers-2,3497,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,127"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3497-speaker_number-3,3497,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Around 200 of 1000 speakers have a really good command of Tsou.,bib7158,yes -3497-speakers-3,3497,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Around 200 of 1000 speakers have a really good command of Tsou.,bib7158,yes +3497-speaker_number-3,3497,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Around 200 of 1000 speakers have a really good command of Tsou.,bib7182,yes +3497-speakers-3,3497,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Around 200 of 1000 speakers have a really good command of Tsou.,bib7182,yes 3497-speaker_number-4,3497,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3497-speakers-4,3497,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,127"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Council of Indigenous Peoples 2002 (speaker number)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 3497-LEI-1,3497,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3497-vitality-1,3497,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3497-LEI-2,3497,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7158,yes -3497-transmission-2,3497,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7158,yes -3497-domains_of_use-2,3497,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7158,yes -3497-speaker_number_trends-2,3497,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7158,yes -3497-vitality-2,3497,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7158,yes +3497-LEI-2,3497,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7182,yes +3497-transmission-2,3497,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7182,yes +3497-domains_of_use-2,3497,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7182,yes +3497-speaker_number_trends-2,3497,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7182,yes +3497-vitality-2,3497,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children also learn the basics, but their language competence is far from the elderly native speakers. Young people in general have at least the passive knowledge of their heritage language.",bib7182,yes 3497-LEI-3,3497,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3497-vitality-3,3497,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3499-context-1,3499,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek""}",,The southern Tsakonian area speakers form quite a heterogeneous bilingual community. The percentage of population which doesn`t speak Tsakonian is high in the town of Leonidion and very low in the surrounding villages.,bib2580,yes +3499-context-1,3499,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek""}",,The southern Tsakonian area speakers form quite a heterogeneous bilingual community. The percentage of population which doesn`t speak Tsakonian is high in the town of Leonidion and very low in the surrounding villages.,bib2593,yes 3499-context-2,3499,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek""}",,,bib67,no -3499-location-1,3499,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.1712, 22.7911]]}",,,bib5307,no -3499-location-2,3499,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, eastern Peloponnese""], ""Description"": ""Southern Tsakonian is still spoken in villages around Leonidio, but practically all speakers are elderly, while northern Tsakonian barely survives in the villages of Kastanitsa and Sitena."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.165331, 22.858825], [37.263957, 22.649835], [37.291813, 22.65118]]}",,,bib6474,no -3499-location-3,3499,location,"{""Places"": [""Arcadia, Greece""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.262826, 22.683782], [37.264144, 22.649813], [37.291668, 22.651277], [37.167092, 22.858031]]}",,"The northern variant is spread in the villages of Kastanitsa and Sitena, and the southern one is used in the city of Leonidion, and some villages to the North: Vaskina, Melana, Pragmatevtis, Tyros, Sapunokeika, and Agios Andreas.... The village of Prastos should be mentioned apart, because it is situated in the mountains and is distinct and isolated from the main southern dialect area. The population of Prastos spends there only a few months in the summer and leaves to Agios Andreas during the winter period.",bib2580,yes +3499-location-1,3499,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.1712, 22.7911]]}",,,bib5330,no +3499-location-2,3499,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece, eastern Peloponnese""], ""Description"": ""Southern Tsakonian is still spoken in villages around Leonidio, but practically all speakers are elderly, while northern Tsakonian barely survives in the villages of Kastanitsa and Sitena."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.165331, 22.858825], [37.263957, 22.649835], [37.291813, 22.65118]]}",,,bib6498,no +3499-location-3,3499,location,"{""Places"": [""Arcadia, Greece""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.262826, 22.683782], [37.264144, 22.649813], [37.291668, 22.651277], [37.167092, 22.858031]]}",,"The northern variant is spread in the villages of Kastanitsa and Sitena, and the southern one is used in the city of Leonidion, and some villages to the North: Vaskina, Melana, Pragmatevtis, Tyros, Sapunokeika, and Agios Andreas.... The village of Prastos should be mentioned apart, because it is situated in the mountains and is distinct and isolated from the main southern dialect area. The population of Prastos spends there only a few months in the summer and leaves to Agios Andreas during the winter period.",bib2593,yes 3499-location-4,3499,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""], ""Description"": ""Kastanitsa, Sitena, Prastos, Leonidi, Pramatefti, Sapounakeika, Tyros, Melana towns, possibly Korakovunio; Peloponnesos east coast""}",,,bib67,no -3499-speaker_number-1,3499,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3499-speakers-1,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3499-speaker_number-2,3499,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are a couple hundred people with some fluency in Tsakonian at best, mainly in the Leonidio region but still a few in Kastanitsa as well.",bib6474,no -3499-speakers-2,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A couple hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are a couple hundred people with some fluency in Tsakonian at best, mainly in the Leonidio region but still a few in Kastanitsa as well.",bib6474,no -3499-speaker_number-3,3499,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Tsakonian is supposed to be a critically endangered language because of its relatively small number of fluent speakers which are estimated to be 2000 to 4000 and because of the lack of a younger generation.,bib2580,yes -3499-speakers-3,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Tsakonian is supposed to be a critically endangered language because of its relatively small number of fluent speakers which are estimated to be 2000 to 4000 and because of the lack of a younger generation.,bib2580,yes +3499-speaker_number-1,3499,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3499-speakers-1,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3499-speaker_number-2,3499,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are a couple hundred people with some fluency in Tsakonian at best, mainly in the Leonidio region but still a few in Kastanitsa as well.",bib6498,no +3499-speakers-2,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A couple hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are a couple hundred people with some fluency in Tsakonian at best, mainly in the Leonidio region but still a few in Kastanitsa as well.",bib6498,no +3499-speaker_number-3,3499,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Tsakonian is supposed to be a critically endangered language because of its relatively small number of fluent speakers which are estimated to be 2000 to 4000 and because of the lack of a younger generation.,bib2593,yes +3499-speakers-3,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Tsakonian is supposed to be a critically endangered language because of its relatively small number of fluent speakers which are estimated to be 2000 to 4000 and because of the lack of a younger generation.,bib2593,yes 3499-speaker_number-4,3499,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3499-speakers-4,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3499-speaker_number-5,3499,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (J. Werner 1981).,bib67,no 3499-speakers-5,3499,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (J. Werner 1981).,bib67,no -3499-LEI-1,3499,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3499-vitality-1,3499,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3499-LEI-2,3499,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Critically endangered.,bib6474,no -3499-transmission-2,3499,transmission,5,transmission-5,Critically endangered.,bib6474,no -3499-vitality-2,3499,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Critically endangered.,bib6474,no -3499-LEI-3,3499,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2580,yes -3499-transmission-3,3499,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2580,yes -3499-vitality-3,3499,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2580,yes +3499-LEI-1,3499,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3499-vitality-1,3499,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3499-LEI-2,3499,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Critically endangered.,bib6498,no +3499-transmission-2,3499,transmission,5,transmission-5,Critically endangered.,bib6498,no +3499-vitality-2,3499,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Critically endangered.,bib6498,no +3499-LEI-3,3499,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2593,yes +3499-transmission-3,3499,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2593,yes +3499-vitality-3,3499,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2593,yes 3499-LEI-4,3499,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3499-vitality-4,3499,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3499-LEI-5,3499,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3499-vitality-5,3499,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3501-context-2,3501,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto; Urdu""}",,,bib67,no -3501-context-4,3501,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official"", ""(most) education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu;Pashto;English"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In the past the Torwali community was gradually assimialted into the dominant Pashtun community, but the community is now moving towards an independent cultural identity. Urdu is the national language, with Pashto being the regional lingua franca. English is the official language and is used in many official sectors, and the most prestigious, with Urdu following behind."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib4886,no -3501-context-5,3501,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Torwali speakers are very proud of their language and culture. (p. 4)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Urdu is the national language and medium for instruction whereas Pashto is the lingua franca of the province. The frequency of incorporating Urdu terms for produce and numbers is increasing. Arabic words are borrowed for religion. English words such as hotel, taxi, etc. are also borrowed into Torwali.",bib4770,no -3501-location-1,3501,location,"{""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,yes -3501-location-2,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""the Swat valley north of Madyan and in the Chail side valley""}",,,bib740,no +3501-context-4,3501,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Official"", ""(most) education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu;Pashto;English"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In the past the Torwali community was gradually assimialted into the dominant Pashtun community, but the community is now moving towards an independent cultural identity. Urdu is the national language, with Pashto being the regional lingua franca. English is the official language and is used in many official sectors, and the most prestigious, with Urdu following behind."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib4908,no +3501-context-5,3501,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Torwali speakers are very proud of their language and culture. (p. 4)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Urdu is the national language and medium for instruction whereas Pashto is the lingua franca of the province. The frequency of incorporating Urdu terms for produce and numbers is increasing. Arabic words are borrowed for religion. English words such as hotel, taxi, etc. are also borrowed into Torwali.",bib4792,no +3501-location-1,3501,location,"{""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,yes +3501-location-2,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""the Swat valley north of Madyan and in the Chail side valley""}",,,bib744,no 3501-location-3,3501,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.25, 72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3501-location-4,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Swat Kohistan, both sides of Swat River, beyond Madyan north to Asrit (between Mankjal and Peshmal); Chail Valley east of Madyan""}",,,bib67,no -3501-location-5,3501,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5833, 72.5]]}",,,bib5307,no -3501-location-6,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Torwali is spoken in the Bahrain and Chail ares of District Swat in Northern Pakistan.""}",,,bib4886,no +3501-location-5,3501,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5833, 72.5]]}",,,bib5330,no +3501-location-6,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Torwali is spoken in the Bahrain and Chail ares of District Swat in Northern Pakistan.""}",,,bib4908,no 3501-location-7,3501,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.302906, 72.539572]]}",,,bib75,no -3501-location-8,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Torwali people live in the Swat Valley of the North West Frontier Province in norther Pakistan. The speakers of the Bahrain dialect live along the Swat River, from Madyan northward 20-25 miles to the village of Asret, south of Peshmal while the speakers of the Chail dialect is spoken in two villages about 3-5 miles east east of Madyan (p.2-3).""}",,,bib4770,no -3501-speaker_number-1,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib740,no -3501-speakers-1,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib740,no +3501-location-8,3501,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Torwali people live in the Swat Valley of the North West Frontier Province in norther Pakistan. The speakers of the Bahrain dialect live along the Swat River, from Madyan northward 20-25 miles to the village of Asret, south of Peshmal while the speakers of the Chail dialect is spoken in two villages about 3-5 miles east east of Madyan (p.2-3).""}",,,bib4792,no +3501-speaker_number-1,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib744,no +3501-speakers-1,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib744,no 3501-speaker_number-2,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3501-speakers-2,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3501-speaker_number-3,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6094,no -3501-speakers-3,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6094,no -3501-speaker_number-4,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3501-speakers-4,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3501-speaker_number-5,3501,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4886,no -3501-speakers-5,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Between 80,000 - 120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4886,no -3501-speaker_number-6,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4770,no -3501-speakers-6,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4770,no +3501-speaker_number-3,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6118,no +3501-speakers-3,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6118,no +3501-speaker_number-4,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3501-speakers-4,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3501-speaker_number-5,3501,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4908,no +3501-speakers-5,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Between 80,000 - 120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4908,no +3501-speaker_number-6,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4792,no +3501-speakers-6,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4792,no 3501-speaker_number-7,3501,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3501-speakers-7,3501,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3501-LEI-1,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -3501-vitality-1,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +3501-LEI-1,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +3501-vitality-1,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 3501-LEI-2,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3501-vitality-2,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3501-LEI-3,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -3501-vitality-3,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -3501-LEI-4,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3501-vitality-4,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3501-LEI-3,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +3501-vitality-3,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +3501-LEI-4,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3501-vitality-4,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3501-LEI-5,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[O]ne of the telling features of the Torwali language revitalization has also been the strategic expansion -and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4886,no +and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4908,no 3501-transmission-5,3501,transmission,0,transmission-0,"[O]ne of the telling features of the Torwali language revitalization has also been the strategic expansion -and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4886,no +and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4908,no 3501-domains_of_use-5,3501,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"[O]ne of the telling features of the Torwali language revitalization has also been the strategic expansion -and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4886,no +and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4908,no 3501-speaker_number_trends-5,3501,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"[O]ne of the telling features of the Torwali language revitalization has also been the strategic expansion -and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4886,no +and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4908,no 3501-vitality-5,3501,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[O]ne of the telling features of the Torwali language revitalization has also been the strategic expansion -and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4886,no -3501-LEI-6,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4770,no -3501-transmission-6,3501,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4770,no -3501-domains_of_use-6,3501,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4770,no -3501-speaker_number_trends-6,3501,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4770,no -3501-vitality-6,3501,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4770,no +and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the activists of the revitalization program aptly stretched the range of revitalization beyond the schools so that an enabling and a vibrant social and cultural ecology may be created where language could take deeper roots and flourish in a naturalistic manner.",bib4908,no +3501-LEI-6,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4792,no +3501-transmission-6,3501,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4792,no +3501-domains_of_use-6,3501,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4792,no +3501-speaker_number_trends-6,3501,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4792,no +3501-vitality-6,3501,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Torwali always use Torwali to communicate with other Torwali speakers in their daily life. A group of male Torwali have established a group called ""the Kohistan Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS)"" for the Torwali language and culture.",bib4792,no 3501-LEI-7,3501,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3501-vitality-7,3501,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3502-context-1,3502,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, Turkish, Kurmanci ('North Kurdish'), Arabic"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used in the church""}",,"There is a lot of languages mixing among cohabiting ethnic groups. Arabic is the most prevalent, with more borrowing of Arabic words into Turoyo, and a few nouns and particles from Kurmanci.",bib6291,no -3502-location-1,3502,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey, US, Canada, Australia, Central Europe, Scandinavia,""], ""Description"": ""The original homeland of the Turoyo language is the so-called Tur-'Abdin, a compact area in the eastern part of Mardin province, in south-east Turkey. The Turoyo-speaking population who lived there were Christian and largely adhered to the Syrian Orthodox Church. The ethnocide of the Armenians in 1915 also brought death and destruction to Tur 'Abdin but did not lead to a wholesale extermination of the ethnic group. By 1970 an estimated 20,000 Turoyo speakers still lived in the area, but due to continuing pressure they gradually emigrated to Western Europe and other parts of the world. The Turoyo-speaking diaspora in Central Europe and Scandinavia is estimated at some 40,000 people, and there are also large communities in the United States, Canada and Australia while only a few hundred speakers remain in the original homeland.""}",,,bib3847,no +3502-context-1,3502,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, Turkish, Kurmanci ('North Kurdish'), Arabic"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used in the church""}",,"There is a lot of languages mixing among cohabiting ethnic groups. Arabic is the most prevalent, with more borrowing of Arabic words into Turoyo, and a few nouns and particles from Kurmanci.",bib6315,no +3502-location-1,3502,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey, US, Canada, Australia, Central Europe, Scandinavia,""], ""Description"": ""The original homeland of the Turoyo language is the so-called Tur-'Abdin, a compact area in the eastern part of Mardin province, in south-east Turkey. The Turoyo-speaking population who lived there were Christian and largely adhered to the Syrian Orthodox Church. The ethnocide of the Armenians in 1915 also brought death and destruction to Tur 'Abdin but did not lead to a wholesale extermination of the ethnic group. By 1970 an estimated 20,000 Turoyo speakers still lived in the area, but due to continuing pressure they gradually emigrated to Western Europe and other parts of the world. The Turoyo-speaking diaspora in Central Europe and Scandinavia is estimated at some 40,000 people, and there are also large communities in the United States, Canada and Australia while only a few hundred speakers remain in the original homeland.""}",,,bib3866,no 3502-location-2,3502,location,"{""Places"": [""Lebanon"", ""USA"", ""Belgium"", ""Iraq"", ""Sweden"", ""Australia"", ""Syria"", ""Germany"", ""Brazil"", ""Canada"", ""Netherlands"", ""Turkey"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Turkey, Mardin Province (originally).""}",,,bib67,yes -3502-location-3,3502,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.19, 40.4416]]}",,,bib3725,no -3502-location-4,3502,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.405, 41.3745]]}",,,bib5307,no -3502-location-5,3502,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Iraq"", ""Syria"", ""Lebanon"", ""Jordan"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are diaspora communities in Lebanon, the US, Jordan, Syria, Turkey and Iraq. Those in Syria in Lebanon are under greater Arabic influence.""}",,,bib6291,no +3502-location-3,3502,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.19, 40.4416]]}",,,bib3744,no +3502-location-4,3502,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.405, 41.3745]]}",,,bib5330,no +3502-location-5,3502,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Iraq"", ""Syria"", ""Lebanon"", ""Jordan"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""There are diaspora communities in Lebanon, the US, Jordan, Syria, Turkey and Iraq. Those in Syria in Lebanon are under greater Arabic influence.""}",,,bib6315,no 3502-location-6,3502,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.23, 42.15]]}",,,bib75,no 3502-speaker_number-1,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"3,000 in Turkey (1994 H. Mutzafi). Ethnic population: 50,000 to 70,000 (1994).",bib67,yes 3502-speakers-1,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"3,000 in Turkey (1994 H. Mutzafi). Ethnic population: 50,000 to 70,000 (1994).",bib67,yes -3502-speaker_number-2,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3502-speakers-2,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3502-speaker_number-3,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,356 Christians in Tur 'Abdin, 1,500 in Istanbul, 150 in Ankara, 1,000 in Diyarbkir, 100 in El Aziz, 100 in Malatya, and 350 in Adiyaman. Outside the central village, people who move to cities typically no longer speak the language.",bib6291,no -3502-speakers-3,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,556"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,356 Christians in Tur 'Abdin, 1,500 in Istanbul, 150 in Ankara, 1,000 in Diyarbkir, 100 in El Aziz, 100 in Malatya, and 350 in Adiyaman. Outside the central village, people who move to cities typically no longer speak the language.",bib6291,no +3502-speaker_number-2,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3502-speakers-2,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3502-speaker_number-3,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,356 Christians in Tur 'Abdin, 1,500 in Istanbul, 150 in Ankara, 1,000 in Diyarbkir, 100 in El Aziz, 100 in Malatya, and 350 in Adiyaman. Outside the central village, people who move to cities typically no longer speak the language.",bib6315,no +3502-speakers-3,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,556"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,356 Christians in Tur 'Abdin, 1,500 in Istanbul, 150 in Ankara, 1,000 in Diyarbkir, 100 in El Aziz, 100 in Malatya, and 350 in Adiyaman. Outside the central village, people who move to cities typically no longer speak the language.",bib6315,no 3502-speaker_number-4,3502,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3502-speakers-4,3502,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3502-LEI-1,3502,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3502-vitality-1,3502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3502-LEI-2,3502,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3502-vitality-2,3502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3502-LEI-3,3502,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6291,no -3502-transmission-3,3502,transmission,1,transmission-1,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6291,no -3502-domains_of_use-3,3502,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6291,no -3502-speaker_number_trends-3,3502,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6291,no -3502-vitality-3,3502,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6291,no +3502-LEI-2,3502,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3502-vitality-2,3502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3502-LEI-3,3502,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6315,no +3502-transmission-3,3502,transmission,1,transmission-1,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6315,no +3502-domains_of_use-3,3502,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6315,no +3502-speaker_number_trends-3,3502,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6315,no +3502-vitality-3,3502,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,In the younger generations there are many loaned sounds from Arabic into Turoyo. The language is used for most local affairs.,bib6315,no 3502-LEI-4,3502,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3502-vitality-4,3502,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3504-location-1,3504,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.297, 93.4497]]}",,,bib5307,no -3504-location-2,3504,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tarao Khullen (Tarao Laimanai), Leishok Ching, Khuringmul and Heikamul of Chandel District of Manipur""}",,,bib6860,no +3504-location-1,3504,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.297, 93.4497]]}",,,bib5330,no +3504-location-2,3504,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tarao Khullen (Tarao Laimanai), Leishok Ching, Khuringmul and Heikamul of Chandel District of Manipur""}",,,bib6884,no 3504-location-3,3504,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.25, 94.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3504-location-4,3504,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes -3504-speaker_number-1,3504,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3504-speakers-1,3504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3504-speakers-2,3504,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census""}",,,bib6860,no +3504-speaker_number-1,3504,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3504-speakers-1,3504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3504-speakers-2,3504,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census""}",,,bib6884,no 3504-speaker_number-3,3504,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3504-speakers-3,3504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3504-speaker_number-4,3504,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,870 (2000),bib67,yes 3504-speakers-4,3504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""870"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,870 (2000),bib67,yes -3504-LEI-1,3504,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3504-vitality-1,3504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3504-LEI-1,3504,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3504-vitality-1,3504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3504-LEI-2,3504,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3504-vitality-2,3504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3504-LEI-3,3504,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3504-vitality-3,3504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3505-location-1,3505,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2052,no -3505-location-2,3505,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2396,no +3505-location-1,3505,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2065,no +3505-location-2,3505,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2409,no 3505-location-3,3505,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Nuristan, Tregam Valley, Katar and Gambir villages""}",,,bib67,yes -3505-location-4,3505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9017, 70.9085]]}",,,bib5307,no +3505-location-4,3505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9017, 70.9085]]}",,,bib5330,no 3505-location-5,3505,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.720919, 70.933811]]}",,,bib75,no 3505-speaker_number-1,3505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3505-speakers-1,3505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3505-speaker_number-2,3505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3505-speakers-2,3505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3505-speaker_number-2,3505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3505-speakers-2,3505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3505-speaker_number-3,3505,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3505-speakers-3,3505,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3505-LEI-1,3505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3505-vitality-1,3505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3505-LEI-2,3505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3505-vitality-2,3505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3505-LEI-2,3505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3505-vitality-2,3505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3505-LEI-3,3505,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3505-vitality-3,3505,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3506-context-1,3506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azeri Turkish; Kurdish; Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2841,no -3506-context-2,3506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Almost all forms of Neo-Aramaic now spoken in Israel are fraught with Hebrew intrusions, especially in the lexicon.",bib3642,no +3506-context-1,3506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Azeri Turkish; Kurdish; Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2855,no +3506-context-2,3506,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew, Arabic, Turkish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Almost all forms of Neo-Aramaic now spoken in Israel are fraught with Hebrew intrusions, especially in the lexicon.",bib3661,no 3506-location-1,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Georgia"", ""Israel"", ""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -3506-location-2,3506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.115, 44.4555]]}",,,bib3725,no -3506-location-3,3506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0383, 34.7827]]}",,,bib5307,no -3506-location-4,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Persia"", ""Iraq"", ""Palestine"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""At the time of writing most of the speakers were living in Israel.""}",,,bib2841,no -3506-location-5,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel, Persian Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib3642,no -3506-location-6,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Iran"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""The majority of the Jewish community left the town in the 1950s and settled in the State of Israel.""}",,,bib4130,no +3506-location-2,3506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.115, 44.4555]]}",,,bib3744,no +3506-location-3,3506,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0383, 34.7827]]}",,,bib5330,no +3506-location-4,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Persia"", ""Iraq"", ""Palestine"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""At the time of writing most of the speakers were living in Israel.""}",,,bib2855,no +3506-location-5,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel, Persian Azerbaijan""]}",,,bib3661,no +3506-location-6,3506,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Iran"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""The majority of the Jewish community left the town in the 1950s and settled in the State of Israel.""}",,,bib4150,no 3506-speaker_number-1,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,230 in Israel (2001). Population total all countries: 4,450.",bib67,yes 3506-speakers-1,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,230 in Israel (2001). Population total all countries: 4,450.",bib67,yes -3506-speaker_number-2,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3506-speakers-2,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3506-speaker_number-3,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For want of a census of the population in Persia no exact data are available on the number of the speakers of the dialect; it can be assumed that at no time it exceeded 5,000.",bib2841,no -3506-speakers-3,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1957-1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For want of a census of the population in Persia no exact data are available on the number of the speakers of the dialect; it can be assumed that at no time it exceeded 5,000.",bib2841,no +3506-speaker_number-2,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3506-speakers-2,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3506-speaker_number-3,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For want of a census of the population in Persia no exact data are available on the number of the speakers of the dialect; it can be assumed that at no time it exceeded 5,000.",bib2855,no +3506-speakers-3,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1957-1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For want of a census of the population in Persia no exact data are available on the number of the speakers of the dialect; it can be assumed that at no time it exceeded 5,000.",bib2855,no 3506-speaker_number-4,3506,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3506-speakers-4,3506,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,378"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3506-LEI-1,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3506-vitality-1,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3506-LEI-2,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3506-vitality-2,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3506-LEI-3,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2841,no -3506-vitality-3,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2841,no +3506-LEI-2,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3506-vitality-2,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3506-LEI-3,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2855,no +3506-vitality-3,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2855,no 3506-LEI-4,3506,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3506-vitality-4,3506,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3507-location-1,3507,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.8411, 87.2973]]}",,,bib5307,no -3507-location-2,3507,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""West Bengal and Bihar""}",,,bib7525,no +3507-location-1,3507,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.8411, 87.2973]]}",,,bib5330,no +3507-location-2,3507,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""West Bengal and Bihar""}",,,bib7550,no 3507-location-3,3507,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jharkhand, Ranchi, Gumla, Lohardaga districts, Chotanagpur area; Chhattisgarh, Raigarh District; Orissa, Sambalpur and Sundargarh districts; West Bengal, Birbhum, Nadia, Murshidabad, Bankura districts""}",,,bib67,yes -3507-speaker_number-1,3507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3507-speakers-1,3507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3507-speaker_number-1,3507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3507-speakers-1,3507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3507-speaker_number-3,3507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3507-speakers-3,3507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,054"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3507-speaker_number-4,3507,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3507-speakers-4,3507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""354,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3507-LEI-1,3507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3507-vitality-1,3507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3507-LEI-1,3507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3507-vitality-1,3507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3507-LEI-3,3507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3507-vitality-3,3507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3507-LEI-4,3507,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -37938,26 +38124,26 @@ and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the acti 3508-vitality-1,3508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3508-LEI-2,3508,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3508-vitality-2,3508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3509-location-1,3509,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no +3509-location-1,3509,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no 3509-location-2,3509,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Southeast of Jalalabad, west of Khyber Pass, Nangarhar village""}",,,bib67,no -3509-location-3,3509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3139, 70.3729]]}",,,bib5307,no +3509-location-3,3509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3139, 70.3729]]}",,,bib5330,no 3509-location-4,3509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.167925, 69.563483]]}",,,bib75,no -3509-location-5,3509,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in a few villages southeast of Jalalabad in Afghanistan""}",,,bib5276,no +3509-location-5,3509,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in a few villages southeast of Jalalabad in Afghanistan""}",,,bib5299,no 3509-speaker_number-1,3509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Ethnic population: Possibly 5,000",bib67,no 3509-speakers-1,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Ethnic population: Possibly 5,000",bib67,no -3509-speaker_number-2,3509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3509-speakers-2,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3509-speaker_number-2,3509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3509-speakers-2,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3509-speaker_number-3,3509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3509-speakers-3,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3509-speakers-4,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5716,yes +3509-speakers-4,3509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5740,yes 3509-LEI-1,3509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most have shifted to Southern Pashto,bib67,no 3509-vitality-1,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most have shifted to Southern Pashto,bib67,no -3509-LEI-2,3509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3509-vitality-2,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3509-LEI-2,3509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3509-vitality-2,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3509-LEI-3,3509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3509-vitality-3,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3509-LEI-4,3509,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5716,yes -3509-vitality-4,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5716,yes +3509-LEI-4,3509,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5740,yes +3509-vitality-4,3509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5740,yes 3512-location-1,3512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.93, 142.57]]}",,,bib75,no 3512-location-2,3512,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, Middle Fly District, Makapa village"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.929093, 142.566541]]}",,,bib67,yes 3512-speaker_number-1,3512,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no @@ -37968,12 +38154,12 @@ and spread of the language beyond schools. More precisely, we find that the acti 3512-vitality-1,3512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3512-LEI-2,3512,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3512-vitality-2,3512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3513-location-1,3513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.7325, -98.6034], [17.2624, -98.7482], [17.4101, -99.2423], [17.8135, -98.604]]}",,,bib5307,no +3513-location-1,3513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.7325, -98.6034], [17.2624, -98.7482], [17.4101, -99.2423], [17.8135, -98.604]]}",,,bib5330,no 3513-location-2,3513,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no 3513-speaker_number-1,3513,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3513-speakers-1,3513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3513-speaker_number-2,3513,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1547,yes -3513-speakers-2,3513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,072"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1547,yes +3513-speaker_number-2,3513,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1559,yes +3513-speakers-2,3513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,072"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:24),bib1559,yes 3513-speaker_number-3,3513,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue has 4 Tlapanec languages: Me’phaa, Acatepec [tpx]: 54,000 (2007). Me’phaa, Azoyú [tpc]: 680. Me’phaa, Malinaltepec [tcf]: 48,000 (2007). Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl]: 18,000 (2005).",bib67,no @@ -37982,21 +38168,21 @@ Me’phaa, Azoyú [tpc]: 680. Me’phaa, Malinaltepec [tcf]: 48,000 (2007). Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl]: 18,000 (2005).",bib67,no 3513-LEI-1,3513,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3513-vitality-1,3513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3513-LEI-2,3513,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -3513-vitality-2,3513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +3513-LEI-2,3513,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +3513-vitality-2,3513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 3513-LEI-3,3513,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3513-vitality-3,3513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3514-location-1,3514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.6205, -98.1991]]}",,,bib5307,no +3514-location-1,3514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.6205, -98.1991]]}",,,bib5330,no 3514-location-2,3514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5833333333, -98.25]]}",,,bib216,no 3514-location-3,3514,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Veracruz, Tlachichilco""}",,,bib67,yes -3514-speaker_number-1,3514,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3514-speakers-1,3514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,234"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3514-speaker_number-1,3514,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3514-speakers-1,3514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,234"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3514-speaker_number-2,3514,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3514-speakers-2,3514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3514-speaker_number-3,3514,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (1990 SIL),bib67,yes 3514-speakers-3,3514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (1990 SIL),bib67,yes -3514-LEI-1,3514,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3514-vitality-1,3514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3514-LEI-1,3514,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3514-vitality-1,3514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3514-LEI-2,3514,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3514-vitality-2,3514,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3514-LEI-3,3514,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -38005,43 +38191,43 @@ Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl]: 18,000 (2005).",bib67,no 3517-speakers-1,3517,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,An ancient secret male initiation language of the Gbaya. Second language only.,bib69,yes 3517-LEI-1,3517,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 3517-vitality-1,3517,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -3518-location-1,3518,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.717357, 52.432027]]}",,,bib1125,no -3518-location-2,3518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +3518-location-1,3518,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.717357, 52.432027]]}",,,bib1134,no +3518-location-2,3518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 3518-location-3,3518,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Zanjan Province, upper Tarom, Hazarrud, Siavarud.""}",,,bib69,yes 3518-location-4,3518,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.6, 48.73]]}",,,bib75,no 3518-speakers-1,3518,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,yes -3519-location-1,3519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.2461, -97.6586]]}",,,bib5307,no +3519-location-1,3519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.2461, -97.6586]]}",,,bib5330,no 3519-location-2,3519,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.9166666667, -97.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3519-location-3,3519,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3519-speaker_number-1,3519,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3519-speakers-1,3519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""118,367"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3519-speaker_number-1,3519,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3519-speakers-1,3519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""118,367"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3519-speaker_number-2,3519,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3519-speakers-2,3519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3519-speaker_number-3,3519,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 3519-speakers-3,3519,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes -3519-LEI-1,3519,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3519-vitality-1,3519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3519-LEI-1,3519,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3519-vitality-1,3519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3519-LEI-2,3519,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3519-vitality-2,3519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3519-LEI-3,3519,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3519-vitality-3,3519,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3520-location-1,3520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.446578, -97.317564]]}",,,bib7945,no -3520-location-2,3520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.4477, -97.32]]}",,,bib5307,no +3520-location-1,3520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.446578, -97.317564]]}",,,bib7970,no +3520-location-2,3520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.4477, -97.32]]}",,,bib5330,no 3520-location-3,3520,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.3333333333, -97.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3520-location-4,3520,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3520-speaker_number-1,3520,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3520-speakers-1,3520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""49,748"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3520-speaker_number-1,3520,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3520-speakers-1,3520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""49,748"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3520-speaker_number-2,3520,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3520-speakers-2,3520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3520-speaker_number-3,3520,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"80,000 (1982 SIL)",bib67,yes 3520-speakers-3,3520,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"80,000 (1982 SIL)",bib67,yes -3520-LEI-1,3520,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3520-vitality-1,3520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3520-LEI-1,3520,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3520-vitality-1,3520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3520-LEI-2,3520,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3520-vitality-2,3520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3520-LEI-3,3520,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3520-vitality-3,3520,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3521-location-1,3521,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.298178, -97.536594]]}",,,bib7945,no +3521-location-1,3521,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.298178, -97.536594]]}",,,bib7970,no 3521-location-2,3521,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.4166666667, -97.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3521-location-3,3521,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes 3521-speaker_number-1,3521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -38052,19 +38238,19 @@ Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl]: 18,000 (2005).",bib67,no 3521-vitality-1,3521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3521-LEI-2,3521,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3521-vitality-2,3521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3522-context-1,3522,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"At least 300 group members with five distinct dialects in separate nomadic hunter-gatherer bands. Intermarriage between bands leads to extensive dialect contact. All speakers speak Southern Thai and many speak local Malay, and the language as well as the survival of the communities in their traditional lifestyle is endangered.",bib1205,yes -3522-location-1,3522,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.35, 99.9333]]}",,,bib5307,no +3522-context-1,3522,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"At least 300 group members with five distinct dialects in separate nomadic hunter-gatherer bands. Intermarriage between bands leads to extensive dialect contact. All speakers speak Southern Thai and many speak local Malay, and the language as well as the survival of the communities in their traditional lifestyle is endangered.",bib1214,yes +3522-location-1,3522,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.35, 99.9333]]}",,,bib5330,no 3522-location-2,3522,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -3522-speaker_number-1,3522,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3522-speakers-1,3522,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3522-speaker_number-2,3522,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -3522-speakers-2,3522,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +3522-speaker_number-1,3522,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3522-speakers-1,3522,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3522-speaker_number-2,3522,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +3522-speakers-2,3522,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 3522-speakers-3,3522,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300""}",,Data for the ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no -3522-LEI-1,3522,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3522-vitality-1,3522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3522-LEI-2,3522,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -3522-vitality-2,3522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -3523-location-1,3523,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.680631, 166.902781]]}",,,bib7945,no +3522-LEI-1,3522,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3522-vitality-1,3522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3522-LEI-2,3522,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +3522-vitality-2,3522,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +3523-location-1,3523,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.680631, 166.902781]]}",,,bib7970,no 3523-location-2,3523,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Temotu Province, Vanikolo Island, Emua village""}",,,bib67,yes 3523-speaker_number-1,3523,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3523-speakers-1,3523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -38075,34 +38261,34 @@ Me’phaa, Tlacoapa [tpl]: 18,000 (2005).",bib67,no 3523-LEI-2,3523,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3523-vitality-2,3523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3524-context-1,3524,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manado Malay (Pidgin Derived Malay), Bahasa Indonesia"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indigenous language and culture is often viewed as archaic and not markers of Minahasan ethnic identity, rather less important than education, economic advancement, personality traits, pro-Western outlook, and Christian faith. There is little enthusiasm for advocating increased language use, as well as societal norms which require defering to preference of elders and higher status people, and the concept that indigenous languages can only be learned in purely formalised contexts. There is a vacuum in revitalisation leadership and willingness to defer to outsiders.""}",,"Speaker numbers decreasing due to lack of use in all domains, preference of other languages, lack of transmission to children, intermarriage with other ethnic groups, extensive time in other locations and easier access to once-isolated communities, and change in cultural identification. -The one public outlet for Tonsawang is lomba pidato (speech contest). Some documentary materials have been shared on social media via mobile phones. There is also a small Bible translation project between Gereja Baptis Manado (Manado Baptist Church) and Seaforth Baptist Church in New South Wales, Australia and a Tonsawang-Indonesian dictionary of Kalangi.",bib1250,yes +The one public outlet for Tonsawang is lomba pidato (speech contest). Some documentary materials have been shared on social media via mobile phones. There is also a small Bible translation project between Gereja Baptis Manado (Manado Baptist Church) and Seaforth Baptist Church in New South Wales, Australia and a Tonsawang-Indonesian dictionary of Kalangi.",bib1259,yes 3524-context-2,3524,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manado Malay""}",,,bib67,no -3524-location-1,3524,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6986, 166.9111]]}",,,bib5307,no -3524-location-2,3524,location,"{""Places"": [""Mountainous, northern tip of Sulawesi island, Indonesia including the settlements of Ranoketang Tua, Lobu, Silian, Ranoketang Atas, Kali, Kali Oki, Tombatu, Molompar, Kalait, Suhuyon, Tambelang, Ranoako, buang, Banga, Lowatag, Pisa, Tonsawang""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.990354, 124.680771]]}",,,bib1250,yes +3524-location-1,3524,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.6986, 166.9111]]}",,,bib5330,no +3524-location-2,3524,location,"{""Places"": [""Mountainous, northern tip of Sulawesi island, Indonesia including the settlements of Ranoketang Tua, Lobu, Silian, Ranoketang Atas, Kali, Kali Oki, Tombatu, Molompar, Kalait, Suhuyon, Tambelang, Ranoako, buang, Banga, Lowatag, Pisa, Tonsawang""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.990354, 124.680771]]}",,,bib1259,yes 3524-location-3,3524,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia"", ""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Sulawesi, Tombatu area""}",,,bib67,no -3524-speaker_number-1,3524,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3524-speakers-1,3524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3524-speaker_number-2,3524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1250,yes -3524-speakers-2,3524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""optimistic estimate of 8,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1250,yes +3524-speaker_number-1,3524,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3524-speakers-1,3524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3524-speaker_number-2,3524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1259,yes +3524-speakers-2,3524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""optimistic estimate of 8,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1259,yes 3524-speaker_number-3,3524,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3524-speakers-3,3524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no -3524-LEI-1,3524,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3524-vitality-1,3524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3524-LEI-1,3524,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3524-vitality-1,3524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3524-LEI-2,3524,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"EGIDS 7, UNESCO 3 -Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1250,yes +Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1259,yes 3524-transmission-2,3524,transmission,3,transmission-3,"EGIDS 7, UNESCO 3 -Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1250,yes +Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1259,yes 3524-domains_of_use-2,3524,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"EGIDS 7, UNESCO 3 -Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1250,yes +Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1259,yes 3524-speaker_number_trends-2,3524,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"EGIDS 7, UNESCO 3 -Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1250,yes +Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1259,yes 3524-vitality-2,3524,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"EGIDS 7, UNESCO 3 -Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1250,yes +Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders",bib1259,yes 3524-LEI-3,3524,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3524-vitality-3,3524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3525-location-1,3525,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib233,no @@ -38117,7 +38303,7 @@ Group Tonsawang language usage has been observed in prayer meetings for elders", 3525-LEI-2,3525,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3525-vitality-2,3525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3527-context-1,3527,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -3527-location-1,3527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4463, -72.0483]]}",,,bib5307,no +3527-location-1,3527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4463, -72.0483]]}",,,bib5330,no 3527-location-2,3527,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: Arauca department: headwaters and southern tributaries of Casanare River. Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: Arauca and Casanare departments: Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca; isolated in Andes foothills, eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo. @@ -38125,7 +38311,7 @@ Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: Arauca and Casanare departments: Bar Tunebo, Central [tuf]: Arauca and Boyacá departments: Calafita, Cobaría (Boyacá), Satocá, Tegría (Boyacá) on north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy; Santander department: Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities. Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: Norte de Santander and Santander departments: east of Floridablanca; some in Boyacá department.",bib70,no -3527-location-3,3527,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia (Venezuela?)""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3527-location-3,3527,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia (Venezuela?)""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3527-location-4,3527,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Colombia""}",,"Angosturas Tunebo [tnd]: Arauca Department, headwaters, southern tributaries of the Casanare River. Barro Negro Tunebo [[tbn]: Isolated, Andes foothills, edge of eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo, in Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca. @@ -38133,8 +38319,8 @@ Barro Negro Tunebo [[tbn]: Isolated, Andes foothills, edge of eastern plains abo Central Tunebo [tuf]: Boyaca and Arauca departments, north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy, Satocá, Calafita, Tegría (Boyacá), Cobaría (Boyacá); also in Santander Department, Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities. Western Tunebo [tnb]: Santander and Norte de Santander department, east of Floridablanca; small area in Boyaca department.",bib67,no -3527-speaker_number-1,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3527-speakers-1,3527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,231"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3527-speaker_number-1,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3527-speakers-1,3527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,231"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3527-speaker_number-2,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue distinguishes: Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: 50 speakers (50 Ethnic population). @@ -38153,8 +38339,8 @@ Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: 300 speakers (1981) (300 Ethnic pop Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000) (2,500 ethnic population). Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (700 ethnic population).",bib70,no -3527-speaker_number-3,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.",bib1902,yes -3527-speakers-3,3527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.",bib1902,yes +3527-speaker_number-3,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.",bib1914,yes +3527-speakers-3,3527,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.",bib1914,yes 3527-speaker_number-4,3527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3527-speakers-4,3527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3527-speaker_number-5,3527,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue gives 4 Tunebo languages: @@ -38185,109 +38371,109 @@ Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000). Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (1998). (700 (1998). Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007). (2013, no change).) Others give only one",bib67,no -3527-LEI-1,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3527-vitality-1,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3527-LEI-1,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3527-vitality-1,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3527-LEI-2,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3527-vitality-2,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3527-LEI-3,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3527-vitality-3,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3527-LEI-3,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3527-vitality-3,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3527-LEI-4,3527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3527-vitality-4,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3527-LEI-5,3527,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3527-vitality-5,3527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3528-location-1,3528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3709, 101.984]]}",,,bib5307,yes +3528-location-1,3528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3709, 101.984]]}",,,bib5330,yes 3528-location-2,3528,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Peninsular, south half of the peninsula, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, Johor, and Putrajaya states, Kuala Langat and scattered settlements.""}",,,bib69,no -3528-speaker_number-1,3528,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -3528-speakers-1,3528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3528-speaker_number-1,3528,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +3528-speakers-1,3528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3528-speakers-2,3528,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008""}",,(JHEOA),bib69,no 3528-speaker_number-3,3528,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3528-speakers-3,3528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,312"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3528-LEI-1,3528,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3528-vitality-1,3528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3528-LEI-1,3528,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3528-vitality-1,3528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3528-LEI-2,3528,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3528-vitality-2,3528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3530-location-1,3530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.101933, 166.649933]]}",,,bib7945,no -3530-location-2,3530,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.233, 166.66]]}",,,bib395,yes +3530-location-1,3530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.101933, 166.649933]]}",,,bib7970,no +3530-location-2,3530,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.233, 166.66]]}",,,bib396,yes 3530-location-3,3530,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""West Santo Island""}",,,bib67,no 3530-speaker_number-1,3530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3530-speakers-1,3530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3530-speaker_number-2,3530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -3530-speakers-2,3530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes +3530-speaker_number-2,3530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +3530-speakers-2,3530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes 3530-speaker_number-3,3530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (1983 SIL),bib67,no 3530-speakers-3,3530,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (1983 SIL),bib67,no 3530-LEI-1,3530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3530-vitality-1,3530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3530-LEI-2,3530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -3530-vitality-2,3530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes +3530-LEI-2,3530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +3530-vitality-2,3530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes 3530-LEI-3,3530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3530-vitality-3,3530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3532-location-1,3532,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""The Temoq live around the Jerum river valley."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.867, 102.837]]}",,,bib2916,yes +3532-location-1,3532,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""The Temoq live around the Jerum river valley."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.867, 102.837]]}",,,bib2930,yes 3532-location-2,3532,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[3.11, 102.92]]}",,,bib75,no 3532-location-3,3532,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Pahang, Jeram River""}",,,bib67,no -3532-speaker_number-1,3532,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This data is a rough estimate, based on testimony from near by Semelai communities.",bib2916,yes -3532-speakers-1,3532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This data is a rough estimate, based on testimony from near by Semelai communities.",bib2916,yes +3532-speaker_number-1,3532,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This data is a rough estimate, based on testimony from near by Semelai communities.",bib2930,yes +3532-speakers-1,3532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This data is a rough estimate, based on testimony from near by Semelai communities.",bib2930,yes 3532-speaker_number-2,3532,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3532-speakers-2,3532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3532-speakers-3,3532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -3532-LEI-1,3532,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Temoq are a hunter-gathering non-sedentary culture. Little linguistic work has been published.,bib2916,yes -3532-vitality-1,3532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Temoq are a hunter-gathering non-sedentary culture. Little linguistic work has been published.,bib2916,yes +3532-LEI-1,3532,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Temoq are a hunter-gathering non-sedentary culture. Little linguistic work has been published.,bib2930,yes +3532-vitality-1,3532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Temoq are a hunter-gathering non-sedentary culture. Little linguistic work has been published.,bib2930,yes 3532-LEI-2,3532,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3532-vitality-2,3532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3537-location-1,3537,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""South Kordofan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.634965, 30.376457]]}",,,bib6576,no -3537-location-2,3537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6902, 30.3964]]}",,,bib5307,no +3537-location-1,3537,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""South Kordofan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.634965, 30.376457]]}",,,bib6600,no +3537-location-2,3537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6902, 30.3964]]}",,,bib5330,no 3537-location-3,3537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5833333333, 30.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3537-location-4,3537,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Nuba Hills, Talodi town and hill, Tasomi and Tata villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -3537-speakers-1,3537,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6576,no -3537-speaker_number-2,3537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3537-speakers-2,3537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3537-speakers-1,3537,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6600,no +3537-speaker_number-2,3537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3537-speakers-2,3537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3537-speaker_number-3,3537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3537-speakers-3,3537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3537-speaker_number-4,3537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3537-speakers-4,3537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3537-LEI-1,3537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3537-vitality-1,3537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3537-LEI-1,3537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3537-vitality-1,3537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3537-LEI-2,3537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3537-vitality-2,3537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3537-LEI-3,3537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3537-vitality-3,3537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3538-location-1,3538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.298178, -97.536594]]}",,,bib7945,no -3538-location-2,3538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.865, -96.7755]]}",,,bib5307,no +3538-location-1,3538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.298178, -97.536594]]}",,,bib7970,no +3538-location-2,3538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.865, -96.7755]]}",,,bib5330,no 3538-location-3,3538,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.9166666667, -96.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3538-location-4,3538,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -3538-speaker_number-1,3538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3538-speakers-1,3538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3538-speaker_number-1,3538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3538-speakers-1,3538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""325"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3538-speaker_number-2,3538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3538-speakers-2,3538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3538-speaker_number-3,3538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1994).,bib67,yes 3538-speakers-3,3538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1994).,bib67,yes -3538-LEI-1,3538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3538-vitality-1,3538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3538-LEI-1,3538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3538-vitality-1,3538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3538-LEI-2,3538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3538-vitality-2,3538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3538-LEI-3,3538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3538-vitality-3,3538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3539-context-1,3539,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]""}",,,bib69,no -3539-context-2,3539,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""meetings with government officials""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The Senggaop people spoke Indonesian poorly, with influence from the phonology of their language ... outsiders who live in their village do not have to know Indonesian, but rather learn Tangko.",bib3679,yes +3539-context-2,3539,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""meetings with government officials""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"The Senggaop people spoke Indonesian poorly, with influence from the phonology of their language ... outsiders who live in their village do not have to know Indonesian, but rather learn Tangko.",bib3698,yes 3539-location-1,3539,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, west of Nakai [nkj] language area, Kawemaot village.""}",,,bib69,no 3539-location-2,3539,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 140.27]]}",,,bib75,no -3539-location-3,3539,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Kawemaot (Kawe) village, \""on the Sauw or Kawit River far north of Gaguop\"", Merauke Regency, Papua Province""}",,,bib3679,yes +3539-location-3,3539,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Kawemaot (Kawe) village, \""on the Sauw or Kawit River far north of Gaguop\"", Merauke Regency, Papua Province""}",,,bib3698,yes 3539-speaker_number-1,3539,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3539-speakers-1,3539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3539-speaker_number-2,3539,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3539-speakers-2,3539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3539-speaker_number-3,3539,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The village population was reported to be 102, composed of 32 families.",bib3679,yes -3539-speakers-3,3539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The village population was reported to be 102, composed of 32 families.",bib3679,yes +3539-speaker_number-3,3539,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The village population was reported to be 102, composed of 32 families.",bib3698,yes +3539-speakers-3,3539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<102"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The village population was reported to be 102, composed of 32 families.",bib3698,yes 3539-LEI-1,3539,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3539-vitality-1,3539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3539-LEI-2,3539,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3539-vitality-2,3539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3539-LEI-3,3539,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3679,yes -3539-domains_of_use-3,3539,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3679,yes -3539-vitality-3,3539,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3679,yes -3540-location-1,3540,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.865, -96.7755], [20.1644, -97.6927], [20.1766, -98.0527], [20.4477, -97.32]]}",,,bib5307,no +3539-LEI-3,3539,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3698,yes +3539-domains_of_use-3,3539,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3698,yes +3539-vitality-3,3539,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3698,yes +3540-location-1,3540,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.865, -96.7755], [20.1644, -97.6927], [20.1766, -98.0527], [20.4477, -97.32]]}",,,bib5330,no 3540-location-2,3540,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -3540-speaker_number-1,3540,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:24),bib1547,yes -3540-speakers-1,3540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""244,033"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:24),bib1547,yes +3540-speaker_number-1,3540,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:24),bib1559,yes +3540-speakers-1,3540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""244,033"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:24),bib1559,yes 3540-speaker_number-2,3540,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguishes 9 Totonac languages: Totonac, Coyutla [toc] Totonac, Filomena Mata-Coahuitlán [tlp] @@ -38308,11 +38494,11 @@ Totonac, Upper Necaxa [tku] Totonac, Ozumatlán [tqt] Totonac, Xicotepec de Juárez [too] Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc]. All Totonac languages: 196,003 (1980 census).",bib67,no -3540-LEI-1,3540,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -3540-vitality-1,3540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +3540-LEI-1,3540,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +3540-vitality-1,3540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 3540-LEI-2,3540,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3540-vitality-2,3540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3541-location-1,3541,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.700058, 51.520636]]}",,,bib1125,no +3541-location-1,3541,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.700058, 51.520636]]}",,,bib1134,no 3541-location-2,3541,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2, 48.0]]}",,,bib75,no 3541-location-3,3541,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, 49.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3541-location-4,3541,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -38324,364 +38510,364 @@ Totonac, Yecuatla [tlc]. All Totonac languages: 196,003 (1980 census).",bib67,no 3541-vitality-1,3541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3541-LEI-2,3541,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3541-vitality-2,3541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3543-context-1,3543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5067,yes -3543-location-1,3543,location,"{""Places"": [""Tokelau"", ""New Zealand""], ""Description"": ""The Tokelau Islands are made up entirely of three coral atolls, Fakaofo, Nukunonu, and Atafu. The atolls are separated from each other by deep ocean and are all below the horizon to each other. Nukunonu is 60 Km from Fakaofo and Atafu is 90 Km beyond it. Fakaofo lies 450 Km north of Samoa; the other two atolls lie further to the Northwest."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.383, -171.224], [-9.189, -171.818], [-8.57, -172.501], [-36.865, 174.776]]}",,"Because Tokulau is part of New Zealand, Tokelauans are also New Zealand citizens. Many more live in New Zealand than live on their home islands.",bib5067,yes -3543-location-2,3543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1699, -171.8206]]}",,,bib5307,no +3543-context-1,3543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5089,yes +3543-location-1,3543,location,"{""Places"": [""Tokelau"", ""New Zealand""], ""Description"": ""The Tokelau Islands are made up entirely of three coral atolls, Fakaofo, Nukunonu, and Atafu. The atolls are separated from each other by deep ocean and are all below the horizon to each other. Nukunonu is 60 Km from Fakaofo and Atafu is 90 Km beyond it. Fakaofo lies 450 Km north of Samoa; the other two atolls lie further to the Northwest."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.383, -171.224], [-9.189, -171.818], [-8.57, -172.501], [-36.865, 174.776]]}",,"Because Tokulau is part of New Zealand, Tokelauans are also New Zealand citizens. Many more live in New Zealand than live on their home islands.",bib5089,yes +3543-location-2,3543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.1699, -171.8206]]}",,,bib5330,no 3543-location-3,3543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0, -172.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3543-location-4,3543,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""American Samoa"", ""New Zealand"", ""Tokelau""]}",,,bib67,no -3543-speaker_number-1,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5067,yes -3543-speakers-1,3543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5067,yes -3543-speaker_number-2,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3543-speakers-2,3543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3543-speaker_number-1,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5089,yes +3543-speakers-1,3543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5089,yes +3543-speaker_number-2,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3543-speakers-2,3543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3543-speaker_number-3,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3543-speakers-3,3543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,242"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3543-speaker_number-4,3543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,410 in Tokelau (1987).",bib67,no 3543-speakers-4,3543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,319"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,410 in Tokelau (1987).",bib67,no -3543-LEI-1,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5067,yes -3543-vitality-1,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5067,yes -3543-LEI-2,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3543-vitality-2,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3543-LEI-1,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5089,yes +3543-vitality-1,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5089,yes +3543-LEI-2,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3543-vitality-2,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3543-LEI-3,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3543-vitality-3,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3543-LEI-4,3543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3543-vitality-4,3543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3544-context-2,3544,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Silozi is a major lingua franca and some Basubiya use it as their first home language.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Silozi""}",,,bib4847,yes -3544-context-3,3544,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 75%%; English: 30.3%%""}",,"It is also curious that the Bakuhane have a high percentage of proficiency in Setswana... and relatively high percentage in English. This could be explained partly by their dependence on Setswana due to their small numbers, as they are no more that 6,000 speakers (Andersson and Janson 1997: 106) and partly because of the regular interaction with foreigners, including tourists, in the Chobe area.",bib5302,no +3544-context-2,3544,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Silozi is a major lingua franca and some Basubiya use it as their first home language.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Silozi""}",,,bib4869,yes +3544-context-3,3544,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 75%%; English: 30.3%%""}",,"It is also curious that the Bakuhane have a high percentage of proficiency in Setswana... and relatively high percentage in English. This could be explained partly by their dependence on Setswana due to their small numbers, as they are no more that 6,000 speakers (Andersson and Janson 1997: 106) and partly because of the regular interaction with foreigners, including tourists, in the Chobe area.",bib5325,no 3544-location-1,3544,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.75, 24.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3544-location-2,3544,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Botswana"", ""Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Namibia: East Caprivi. Botswana: Northwest District, Chobe Subdistrict. Zambia: Western Province, southeast corner.""}",,,bib67,no -3544-location-3,3544,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Chobe, Botswana; Namibia; Zambia;""}",,"It is spoken primarily in the Chobe Subdistrict of the Northwest District. However, in past generations some Kuhane moved to the Ngamiland and Boteti Subdistricts in such numbers that some villages have Kuhane wards and subchiefs… In Boteti, Kuhane are found primarily in Tsienyane/Rakops, Xhumaga, and Moreomaoto.",bib3357,no -3544-location-4,3544,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by the Basubiya. In Botswana, this group of people is found in the north, mainly in the Chobe district, from Kasane westwards and southwards. There are also some in scattered areas in Ngamiland. However, Basubiya are also found north of the Chobe district, in the Caprivi strip of Namibia, and even further north in southernmost Zambia.""}",,,bib485,no -3544-location-5,3544,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Chobe area""}",,,bib5302,no +3544-location-3,3544,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia, Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Chobe, Botswana; Namibia; Zambia;""}",,"It is spoken primarily in the Chobe Subdistrict of the Northwest District. However, in past generations some Kuhane moved to the Ngamiland and Boteti Subdistricts in such numbers that some villages have Kuhane wards and subchiefs… In Boteti, Kuhane are found primarily in Tsienyane/Rakops, Xhumaga, and Moreomaoto.",bib3374,no +3544-location-4,3544,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by the Basubiya. In Botswana, this group of people is found in the north, mainly in the Chobe district, from Kasane westwards and southwards. There are also some in scattered areas in Ngamiland. However, Basubiya are also found north of the Chobe district, in the Caprivi strip of Namibia, and even further north in southernmost Zambia.""}",,,bib488,no +3544-location-5,3544,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Chobe area""}",,,bib5325,no 3544-speaker_number-1,3544,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"26,600 in Namibia (2006). 3,000 in Botswana (2006). 5,490 in Zambia (1969 census).",bib67,no 3544-speakers-1,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,090"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"26,600 in Namibia (2006). 3,000 in Botswana (2006). 5,490 in Zambia (1969 census).",bib67,no -3544-speakers-2,3544,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998""}",,"~7,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3357,no -3544-speaker_number-3,3544,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 37.1%% of the Caprivians used Cisubiya as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 24,500 people, this figure should be interpreted with caution.",bib4847,yes -3544-speakers-3,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 37.1%% of the Caprivians used Cisubiya as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 24,500 people, this figure should be interpreted with caution.",bib4847,yes -3544-speaker_number-4,3544,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"At present, the number of Basubiya in Botswana is approximately 7,000. For the groups in Namibia and Zambia, no separate figures are available. However, it is clear that the numbers are fairly low in both states, perhaps a few thousand in each state.",bib485,no -3544-speakers-4,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"At present, the number of Basubiya in Botswana is approximately 7,000. For the groups in Namibia and Zambia, no separate figures are available. However, it is clear that the numbers are fairly low in both states, perhaps a few thousand in each state.",bib485,no -3544-speaker_number-5,3544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5302,no -3544-speakers-5,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5302,no +3544-speakers-2,3544,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998""}",,"~7,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3374,no +3544-speaker_number-3,3544,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 37.1%% of the Caprivians used Cisubiya as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 24,500 people, this figure should be interpreted with caution.",bib4869,yes +3544-speakers-3,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to Prinsloo et al. (1982, vol. 12) 37.1%% of the Caprivians used Cisubiya as their first home language during the early 1980's. When applied to the 1991 census data the figure would be 24,500 people, this figure should be interpreted with caution.",bib4869,yes +3544-speaker_number-4,3544,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"At present, the number of Basubiya in Botswana is approximately 7,000. For the groups in Namibia and Zambia, no separate figures are available. However, it is clear that the numbers are fairly low in both states, perhaps a few thousand in each state.",bib488,no +3544-speakers-4,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"At present, the number of Basubiya in Botswana is approximately 7,000. For the groups in Namibia and Zambia, no separate figures are available. However, it is clear that the numbers are fairly low in both states, perhaps a few thousand in each state.",bib488,no +3544-speaker_number-5,3544,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5325,no +3544-speakers-5,3544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5325,no 3544-LEI-1,3544,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3544-vitality-1,3544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3544-LEI-2,3544,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only the oldest generation of Kuhane people in the Boteti area still speak Kuhane."" -""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3357,no +""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3374,no 3544-transmission-2,3544,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Only the oldest generation of Kuhane people in the Boteti area still speak Kuhane."" -""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3357,no +""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3374,no 3544-vitality-2,3544,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Only the oldest generation of Kuhane people in the Boteti area still speak Kuhane."" -""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3357,no -3544-LEI-3,3544,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4847,yes -3544-vitality-3,3544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4847,yes -3544-LEI-4,3544,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib485,no -3544-domains_of_use-4,3544,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib485,no -3544-vitality-4,3544,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib485,no -3544-LEI-5,3544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5302,no -3544-vitality-5,3544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5302,no -3545-location-1,3545,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Touggourt, Temacine, Meggarine, Ghora, Tamellaht, Blidet Amor, T\u00e9besbest, Tamast"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.0777, 6.0671]]}",,,bib5307,no -3545-location-2,3545,location,"{""Places"": [""Temacine"", ""Tamellaht"", ""Blidet Amor"", ""Ghomra"", ""Meggarine""], ""Description"": ""The Oued Righ region has lost some Amazigh/Berber-speaking villages. Tahshanit/Tarighit is spoken in the villages of Temacine (mainly Tamellaht near the lake), Blidet Amor, Ghomra, and Meggarine. There are marked dialectal differences between the villages. Amazigh/Berber is not spoken in the city of Touggourt itself. (Mattouchi, 2021)""}",,,bib5142,no +""The younger generations speak Tswana.",bib3374,no +3544-LEI-3,3544,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4869,yes +3544-vitality-3,3544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4869,yes +3544-LEI-4,3544,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib488,no +3544-domains_of_use-4,3544,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib488,no +3544-vitality-4,3544,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language seems to be holding its own quite well at present. It is the language used by everyone in daily life in many villages of the Chobe area.,bib488,no +3544-LEI-5,3544,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5325,no +3544-vitality-5,3544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5325,no +3545-location-1,3545,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Touggourt, Temacine, Meggarine, Ghora, Tamellaht, Blidet Amor, T\u00e9besbest, Tamast"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.0777, 6.0671]]}",,,bib5330,no +3545-location-2,3545,location,"{""Places"": [""Temacine"", ""Tamellaht"", ""Blidet Amor"", ""Ghomra"", ""Meggarine""], ""Description"": ""The Oued Righ region has lost some Amazigh/Berber-speaking villages. Tahshanit/Tarighit is spoken in the villages of Temacine (mainly Tamellaht near the lake), Blidet Amor, Ghomra, and Meggarine. There are marked dialectal differences between the villages. Amazigh/Berber is not spoken in the city of Touggourt itself. (Mattouchi, 2021)""}",,,bib5164,no 3545-location-3,3545,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""]}",,,bib67,yes 3545-speaker_number-1,3545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3545-speakers-1,3545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3545-speaker_number-2,3545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2008, rough estimates based on population figures, would put the number of speakers throughout the region at 8000-10 000. Further investigation is needed.",bib5307,no -3545-speakers-2,3545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2008, rough estimates based on population figures, would put the number of speakers throughout the region at 8000-10 000. Further investigation is needed.",bib5307,no +3545-speaker_number-2,3545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2008, rough estimates based on population figures, would put the number of speakers throughout the region at 8000-10 000. Further investigation is needed.",bib5330,no +3545-speakers-2,3545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2008, rough estimates based on population figures, would put the number of speakers throughout the region at 8000-10 000. Further investigation is needed.",bib5330,no 3545-speaker_number-3,3545,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3545-speakers-3,3545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 3545-LEI-1,3545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3545-vitality-1,3545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3545-LEI-2,3545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3545-vitality-2,3545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3545-LEI-2,3545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3545-vitality-2,3545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3545-LEI-3,3545,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3545-vitality-3,3545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3565-context-1,3565,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Russian Federation's 1991 law on language states that \""Russian citizens have the right to obtain education in their own languages if it is possible to organize it\"""", ""Institutional Support"": ""Textbooks, radio broadcasts in Lovozero""}",,"Sámi is used as a supplmentary language in one kindergarten in Lovozero and in ""mother tongue"" instruction for 2-3 hours/week at one school in Lovozero for grades 1-4 (this is in reality foreign language instruction for the students.) There is a Sámi radio station in Lovozero that transmits 25 minutes/week of Kildin Sámi. -""The Sámi associations in the Murmansk area and the Kola Sámi Documentation Project have produced teaching materials, grammars, an online Kildin Sámi–Russian dictionary, arranged several language courses, conversation circles and immersion education for young people. This immersion education took the form of intensive two week camps during the summer of 2007 and 2008, where the participants were trained by elderly mother tongue speakers who spoke only Sámi to them (Rießler and Scheller 2007; Scheller 2008).”",bib6142,no -3565-context-2,3565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""School books, revitalization projects, seminars""}",,,bib7817,yes -3565-location-1,3565,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kola Peninsula, northwestern-most region of Russia""}",,,bib6593,no +""The Sámi associations in the Murmansk area and the Kola Sámi Documentation Project have produced teaching materials, grammars, an online Kildin Sámi–Russian dictionary, arranged several language courses, conversation circles and immersion education for young people. This immersion education took the form of intensive two week camps during the summer of 2007 and 2008, where the participants were trained by elderly mother tongue speakers who spoke only Sámi to them (Rießler and Scheller 2007; Scheller 2008).”",bib6166,no +3565-context-2,3565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""School books, revitalization projects, seminars""}",,,bib7842,yes +3565-location-1,3565,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kola Peninsula, northwestern-most region of Russia""}",,,bib6617,no 3565-location-2,3565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.0, 37.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3565-location-3,3565,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3565-location-4,3565,location,"{""Description"": ""Russia, Murmansk County""}",,,bib6142,no -3565-location-5,3565,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[68.004353, 35.001731]]}",,"Originally, Kildin was spoken in most parts of the central Kola Peninsula. Today, more or less compact Kildin Saami settlements in or close to their original villages are found only in Lujavv’r, Revda, Kola, and Teriberka. But small Kildin Saami speach communities are found today in all larger settlements, such as in Murmansk, Olenegorsk, Apatity, etc.",bib7817,yes -3565-location-6,3565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.0075, 35.0079]]}",,,bib5307,no -3565-speaker_number-1,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6593,no -3565-speakers-1,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6593,no +3565-location-4,3565,location,"{""Description"": ""Russia, Murmansk County""}",,,bib6166,no +3565-location-5,3565,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[68.004353, 35.001731]]}",,"Originally, Kildin was spoken in most parts of the central Kola Peninsula. Today, more or less compact Kildin Saami settlements in or close to their original villages are found only in Lujavv’r, Revda, Kola, and Teriberka. But small Kildin Saami speach communities are found today in all larger settlements, such as in Murmansk, Olenegorsk, Apatity, etc.",bib7842,yes +3565-location-6,3565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.0075, 35.0079]]}",,,bib5330,no +3565-speaker_number-1,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6617,no +3565-speakers-1,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6617,no 3565-speaker_number-2,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""1,900 Saami in the Russian Federation (1995 M. Krauss). Data for the ethnic population is from M. Krauss (1995).",bib67,no 3565-speakers-2,3565,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""1,900 Saami in the Russian Federation (1995 M. Krauss). Data for the ethnic population is from M. Krauss (1995).",bib67,no -3565-speaker_number-3,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6142,no -3565-speakers-3,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6142,no -3565-speaker_number-4,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3," The number of 500-700 speakers, which is found in most reference books, seems to be rather optimistic.",bib7817,yes -3565-speakers-4,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",," The number of 500-700 speakers, which is found in most reference books, seems to be rather optimistic.",bib7817,yes -3565-speaker_number-5,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3565-speakers-5,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""787"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3565-speaker_number-3,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6166,no +3565-speakers-3,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6166,no +3565-speaker_number-4,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3," The number of 500-700 speakers, which is found in most reference books, seems to be rather optimistic.",bib7842,yes +3565-speakers-4,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",," The number of 500-700 speakers, which is found in most reference books, seems to be rather optimistic.",bib7842,yes +3565-speaker_number-5,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3565-speakers-5,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""787"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3565-speaker_number-6,3565,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3565-speakers-6,3565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3565-LEI-1,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are probably less than 300 speakers of Kildin who actively use their language,bib6593,no -3565-vitality-1,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There are probably less than 300 speakers of Kildin who actively use their language,bib6593,no +3565-LEI-1,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are probably less than 300 speakers of Kildin who actively use their language,bib6617,no +3565-vitality-1,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There are probably less than 300 speakers of Kildin who actively use their language,bib6617,no 3565-LEI-2,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3565-vitality-2,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3565-LEI-3,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Kildin, Inari, Skolt and South Sámi languages are all spoken by 300 to 1000 individuals. Although these four -varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction”",bib6142,no +varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction”",bib6166,no 3565-vitality-3,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Kildin, Inari, Skolt and South Sámi languages are all spoken by 300 to 1000 individuals. Although these four -varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction”",bib6142,no -3565-LEI-4,3565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7817,yes -3565-domains_of_use-4,3565,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7817,yes -3565-speaker_number_trends-4,3565,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7817,yes -3565-vitality-4,3565,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7817,yes -3565-LEI-5,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3565-vitality-5,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +varieties risk being replaced by the dominating languages, they are transmitted to children at home in some families and/or in special scholastic immersion environments known as “language nests” for a smaller number of children, and language emersion camps for adolescents. Therefore, they are not immediately threatened by extinction”",bib6166,no +3565-LEI-4,3565,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7842,yes +3565-domains_of_use-4,3565,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7842,yes +3565-speaker_number_trends-4,3565,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7842,yes +3565-vitality-4,3565,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"...several older and even a few younger Kildin Saami use their mother tongue in conversation with family members, relatives and friends. On the whole, however, the number of Kildin speakers is decreasing rapidly from year to year and the language must be characterized as severely endangered. Especially among the younger generation, there is a strong decline in active language competence due to the lack of a vibrant speech community and the lack of social motivations for learning and using Saami.",bib7842,yes +3565-LEI-5,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3565-vitality-5,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3565-LEI-6,3565,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3565-vitality-6,3565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3566-context-1,3566,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7817,yes -3566-location-1,3566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.0638, 38.7063]]}",,,bib5307,no -3566-location-2,3566,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kola Peninsula, northwestern-most region of Russia (Murmansk Region)""}",,,bib6593,no -3566-location-3,3566,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[67.414348, 39.130051]]}",,"...spoken by perhaps 30 speakers living in different places within and outside of the Murmansk region, such as in Murmansk, Lujavv’r (Lovozero), Revda, Krasnoščel’e, Umba, and even in St. Petersburg.",bib7817,yes +3566-context-1,3566,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7842,yes +3566-location-1,3566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.0638, 38.7063]]}",,,bib5330,no +3566-location-2,3566,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Kola Peninsula, northwestern-most region of Russia (Murmansk Region)""}",,,bib6617,no +3566-location-3,3566,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[67.414348, 39.130051]]}",,"...spoken by perhaps 30 speakers living in different places within and outside of the Murmansk region, such as in Murmansk, Lujavv’r (Lovozero), Revda, Krasnoščel’e, Umba, and even in St. Petersburg.",bib7842,yes 3566-location-4,3566,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3566-speaker_number-1,3566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3566-speakers-1,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3566-speaker_number-2,3566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6593,no -3566-speakers-2,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6593,no -3566-speaker_number-3,3566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The mean age of the youngest speakers of Ter is over 50.,bib7817,yes -3566-speakers-3,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The mean age of the youngest speakers of Ter is over 50.,bib7817,yes +3566-speaker_number-1,3566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3566-speakers-1,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3566-speaker_number-2,3566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6617,no +3566-speakers-2,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6617,no +3566-speaker_number-3,3566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The mean age of the youngest speakers of Ter is over 50.,bib7842,yes +3566-speakers-3,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The mean age of the youngest speakers of Ter is over 50.,bib7842,yes 3566-speaker_number-4,3566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3566-speakers-4,3566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3566-speaker_number-5,3566,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3566-speakers-5,3566,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -3566-LEI-1,3566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3566-vitality-1,3566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3566-LEI-2,3566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6593,no -3566-transmission-2,3566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6593,no -3566-vitality-2,3566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6593,no -3566-LEI-3,3566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct,bib7817,yes -3566-transmission-3,3566,transmission,3,transmission-3,Nearly extinct,bib7817,yes -3566-domains_of_use-3,3566,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Nearly extinct,bib7817,yes -3566-vitality-3,3566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Nearly extinct,bib7817,yes +3566-LEI-1,3566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3566-vitality-1,3566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3566-LEI-2,3566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6617,no +3566-transmission-2,3566,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6617,no +3566-vitality-2,3566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6617,no +3566-LEI-3,3566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Nearly extinct,bib7842,yes +3566-transmission-3,3566,transmission,3,transmission-3,Nearly extinct,bib7842,yes +3566-domains_of_use-3,3566,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Nearly extinct,bib7842,yes +3566-vitality-3,3566,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Nearly extinct,bib7842,yes 3566-LEI-4,3566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3566-vitality-4,3566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3566-LEI-5,3566,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3566-vitality-5,3566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3567-location-1,3567,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nilgiri area, southern India (border area of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka)""}",,,bib5387,yes +3567-location-1,3567,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nilgiri area, southern India (border area of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka)""}",,,bib5410,yes 3567-location-2,3567,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.35, 76.8]]}",,,bib75,no 3567-location-3,3567,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tamil Nadu, east Nilgiri Hills.""}",,,bib67,no -3567-speaker_number-1,3567,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5387,yes -3567-speakers-1,3567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5387,yes +3567-speaker_number-1,3567,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5410,yes +3567-speakers-1,3567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5410,yes 3567-speaker_number-2,3567,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,500 (1997)",bib67,no 3567-speakers-2,3567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,500 (1997)",bib67,no -3567-LEI-1,3567,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5387,yes -3567-vitality-1,3567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5387,yes +3567-LEI-1,3567,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5410,yes +3567-vitality-1,3567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5410,yes 3567-LEI-2,3567,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3567-vitality-2,3567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3568-context-1,3568,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhala; Tamil; English; Standard Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Revitalization projects by communities members are heard but they target at learning Malaysia's Standard Malay instead of Sri Lanka Malay."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All the Sri Lanka Malay speakers are at least bilingual in Sinhala or Tamil which is the natinoal language.""}",,"In Colombo, Sinhala and English are predominantly used and younger generations can't speak Sri Lanka Malay. As for Sri Lanka Malay spoken on Slave Island, it has been strongly influenced by Tamil. In Hambantota and Kirinda, speakers of Sri Lanka Malay are often trilingual in Sinhala and Tamil. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is the dominant language spoken by all generations in Kirinda. However, language shift to Standard Malay has been observed in Sri Lanka Malay speaking communities.",bib4662,yes -3568-context-2,3568,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhala, Tamil, English""}",,"Sri Lanka Malay spoken as a home language. Sinhala, Tamil are national languages.",bib508,no -3568-location-1,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda""}",,,bib4662,yes +3568-context-1,3568,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhala; Tamil; English; Standard Malay"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Revitalization projects by communities members are heard but they target at learning Malaysia's Standard Malay instead of Sri Lanka Malay."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All the Sri Lanka Malay speakers are at least bilingual in Sinhala or Tamil which is the natinoal language.""}",,"In Colombo, Sinhala and English are predominantly used and younger generations can't speak Sri Lanka Malay. As for Sri Lanka Malay spoken on Slave Island, it has been strongly influenced by Tamil. In Hambantota and Kirinda, speakers of Sri Lanka Malay are often trilingual in Sinhala and Tamil. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is the dominant language spoken by all generations in Kirinda. However, language shift to Standard Malay has been observed in Sri Lanka Malay speaking communities.",bib4684,yes +3568-context-2,3568,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sinhala, Tamil, English""}",,"Sri Lanka Malay spoken as a home language. Sinhala, Tamil are national languages.",bib511,no +3568-location-1,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda""}",,,bib4684,yes 3568-location-2,3568,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.92, 79.86]]}",,,bib75,no -3568-location-3,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""The largest number of speakers is found in the greater Colombo area ...""}",,"It is also spoken overseas by individuals, in families, and within ethnic social networks in émigré communities, primarily in the English-speaking world (Australia, Canada, Britain, and the United States), as well as in the Gulf States, where Sri Lankans have pursued employment opportunities.",bib6896,no -3568-location-4,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""]}",,,bib508,no +3568-location-3,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""The largest number of speakers is found in the greater Colombo area ...""}",,"It is also spoken overseas by individuals, in families, and within ethnic social networks in émigré communities, primarily in the English-speaking world (Australia, Canada, Britain, and the United States), as well as in the Gulf States, where Sri Lankans have pursued employment opportunities.",bib6920,no +3568-location-4,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""]}",,,bib511,no 3568-location-5,3568,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Cities of Colombo, Kandy, Badulla, Hambantota, Kirinda.""}",,,bib67,no -3568-speaker_number-1,3568,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are no statistics on the number of speakers living outside Sri Lanka, and the statistics that are available fro Sri Lanka are ethnic statistics rather than linguistic ones.",bib6896,no -3568-speakers-1,3568,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are no statistics on the number of speakers living outside Sri Lanka, and the statistics that are available fro Sri Lanka are ethnic statistics rather than linguistic ones.",bib6896,no -3568-speaker_number-2,3568,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Malays in Sri Lanka constitute 0.3% of the population.,bib508,no -3568-speakers-2,3568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Malays in Sri Lanka constitute 0.3% of the population.,bib508,no +3568-speaker_number-1,3568,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are no statistics on the number of speakers living outside Sri Lanka, and the statistics that are available fro Sri Lanka are ethnic statistics rather than linguistic ones.",bib6920,no +3568-speakers-1,3568,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are no statistics on the number of speakers living outside Sri Lanka, and the statistics that are available fro Sri Lanka are ethnic statistics rather than linguistic ones.",bib6920,no +3568-speaker_number-2,3568,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Malays in Sri Lanka constitute 0.3% of the population.,bib511,no +3568-speakers-2,3568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Malays in Sri Lanka constitute 0.3% of the population.,bib511,no 3568-speaker_number-3,3568,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3568-speakers-3,3568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3568-LEI-1,3568,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4662,yes -3568-transmission-1,3568,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4662,yes -3568-domains_of_use-1,3568,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4662,yes -3568-speaker_number_trends-1,3568,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4662,yes -3568-vitality-1,3568,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4662,yes -3568-LEI-2,3568,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6896,no -3568-speaker_number_trends-2,3568,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6896,no -3568-vitality-2,3568,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6896,no -3568-LEI-3,3568,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the Colombo Malay community, ""[i]n general, the community typically shows strong linguistic vitality in SLM in the middle to old generations and rapidly decreasing (in many cases, to nil) linguistic competence in the vernacular in the young generation.""",bib508,no -3568-vitality-3,3568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In the Colombo Malay community, ""[i]n general, the community typically shows strong linguistic vitality in SLM in the middle to old generations and rapidly decreasing (in many cases, to nil) linguistic competence in the vernacular in the young generation.""",bib508,no +3568-LEI-1,3568,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4684,yes +3568-transmission-1,3568,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4684,yes +3568-domains_of_use-1,3568,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4684,yes +3568-speaker_number_trends-1,3568,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4684,yes +3568-vitality-1,3568,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Five communities (Colombo, Slave Island, Kandy & other Upcountry, Hambantota, and Kirinda) have been examined, and the results indicate that Sri Lanka Malay is no longer acquired by younger generation whereas in other communities (exclusive of Kirinda) Sri Lanka Malay is mainly used by old-middle generations. By contrast, Sri Lanka Malay is used in all domains in Kirinda.",bib4684,yes +3568-LEI-2,3568,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6920,no +3568-speaker_number_trends-2,3568,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib6920,no +3568-vitality-2,3568,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6920,no +3568-LEI-3,3568,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the Colombo Malay community, ""[i]n general, the community typically shows strong linguistic vitality in SLM in the middle to old generations and rapidly decreasing (in many cases, to nil) linguistic competence in the vernacular in the young generation.""",bib511,no +3568-vitality-3,3568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In the Colombo Malay community, ""[i]n general, the community typically shows strong linguistic vitality in SLM in the middle to old generations and rapidly decreasing (in many cases, to nil) linguistic competence in the vernacular in the young generation.""",bib511,no 3568-LEI-4,3568,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Clear shift to English among young generation in Colombo. Kirinda is the only vital community of Sri Lanka Malays having a young generation of speakers as L1. Home domain use only.,bib67,no 3568-vitality-4,3568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Clear shift to English among young generation in Colombo. Kirinda is the only vital community of Sri Lanka Malays having a young generation of speakers as L1. Home domain use only.,bib67,no -3569-context-1,3569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tiri, French""}",,Threatened by neighboring Tiri language and French.,bib7938,no -3569-location-1,3569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.6141, 165.7836]]}",,,bib5307,no -3569-location-2,3569,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""inland in southern central New Caledonia, in the upper valleys around Me\u00b4a-Me\u00b4bara and Me\u00b4chin, on the northeastern side of New Caledonia""}",,,bib7938,no +3569-context-1,3569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tiri, French""}",,Threatened by neighboring Tiri language and French.,bib7963,no +3569-location-1,3569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.6141, 165.7836]]}",,,bib5330,no +3569-location-2,3569,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""inland in southern central New Caledonia, in the upper valleys around Me\u00b4a-Me\u00b4bara and Me\u00b4chin, on the northeastern side of New Caledonia""}",,,bib7963,no 3569-location-3,3569,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3569-speaker_number-1,3569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3569-speakers-1,3569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3569-speaker_number-2,3569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers have been reported. Now they are much less with virtually no children speakers.",bib7938,no -3569-speakers-2,3569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers have been reported. Now they are much less with virtually no children speakers.",bib7938,no +3569-speaker_number-2,3569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers have been reported. Now they are much less with virtually no children speakers.",bib7963,no +3569-speakers-2,3569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers have been reported. Now they are much less with virtually no children speakers.",bib7963,no 3569-speaker_number-3,3569,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes 3569-speakers-3,3569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes 3569-LEI-1,3569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3569-vitality-1,3569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3569-LEI-2,3569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3569-vitality-2,3569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3569-LEI-2,3569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3569-vitality-2,3569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3569-LEI-3,3569,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3569-vitality-3,3569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3570-context-1,3570,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""low social status""}",,"In spite of low status, it remains a viable everyday language in Nauru, used in a commercial context, mainly in Chinese-run trade stores and restaurants.",bib7938,yes +3570-context-1,3570,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""low social status""}",,"In spite of low status, it remains a viable everyday language in Nauru, used in a commercial context, mainly in Chinese-run trade stores and restaurants.",bib7963,yes 3570-location-1,3570,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.53, 166.93]]}",,,bib75,no -3570-location-2,3570,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru""]}",,,bib7938,yes -3570-speaker_number-1,3570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,several thousand,bib7938,yes -3570-speakers-1,3570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,several thousand,bib7938,yes -3570-LEI-1,3570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Beginning to be superseded by English,bib7938,yes -3570-vitality-1,3570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Beginning to be superseded by English,bib7938,yes -3571-context-1,3571,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Maaori Language Comission, official language status"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Radio, Maaori preschools""}",,"Maaori themselves have started Maaori language preschools, and they are pressuring the government to offer Maaori through high school.",bib4849,no -3571-context-2,3571,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Official language, M\u0101ori Language Act"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Immersion schools, Radio, Television, Support for home and community use""}",,,bib4184,yes -3571-context-3,3571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, New Zealand Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,300+ government-funded schools including pre-schools,bib7938,no +3570-location-2,3570,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru""]}",,,bib7963,yes +3570-speaker_number-1,3570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,several thousand,bib7963,yes +3570-speakers-1,3570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,several thousand,bib7963,yes +3570-LEI-1,3570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Beginning to be superseded by English,bib7963,yes +3570-vitality-1,3570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Beginning to be superseded by English,bib7963,yes +3571-context-1,3571,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Maaori Language Comission, official language status"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Radio, Maaori preschools""}",,"Maaori themselves have started Maaori language preschools, and they are pressuring the government to offer Maaori through high school.",bib4871,no +3571-context-2,3571,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Official language, M\u0101ori Language Act"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Immersion schools, Radio, Television, Support for home and community use""}",,,bib4204,yes +3571-context-3,3571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, New Zealand Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,300+ government-funded schools including pre-schools,bib7963,no 3571-context-4,3571,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Sixty-one percent of M\u0101ori adults are dissatisfied with their level of proficiency in the M\u0101ori language and desire to increase their language skill levels."", ""Institutional Support"": ""M\u0101ori radio and television, Schools, te reo based early childhood services""}",,The use of the Māori language in the community remains most common in Māori cultural domains such as in hui or on the marae. The Māori language is not the primary means of communication in other everyday activities within the community setting.,bib194,no -3571-context-5,3571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib8029,no +3571-context-5,3571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib8054,no 3571-context-6,3571,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""68 percent of the M\u0101ori population, believes that \u2018not enough\u2019 M\u0101ori language is currently being spoken... the percentage of the non-M\u0101ori population who believe that \u2018not enough\u2019 M\u0101ori language is currently being spoken has increased since 2003, from 30 percent to 38 percent in 2009."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Television, cultural exhibits, events""}",,"Among non-Māori, the percentage of ‘passive supporters’ has increased and now represents 71 percent of the non-Māori population",bib15,no 3571-location-1,3571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-40.0, 176.0]]}",,,bib216,no -3571-location-2,3571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-38.4105, 177.3632]]}",,,bib5307,no +3571-location-2,3571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-38.4105, 177.3632]]}",,,bib5330,no 3571-location-3,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib67,no -3571-location-4,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib7938,no +3571-location-4,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib7963,no 3571-location-5,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib194,no -3571-location-6,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib8029,no +3571-location-6,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib8054,no 3571-location-7,3571,location,"{""Places"": [""New Zealand""]}",,,bib15,no -3571-speaker_number-1,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3571-speakers-1,3571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3571-speaker_number-1,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3571-speakers-1,3571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3571-speaker_number-2,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 60,000 speakers in New Zealand (Fishman 1991). 100,000 people understand it but do not speak it (1995 Maori Language Commission). Data for the ethnic population comes from the Honolulu Advertiser (2002).",bib67,no 3571-speakers-2,3571,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""530,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 60,000 speakers in New Zealand (Fishman 1991). 100,000 people understand it but do not speak it (1995 Maori Language Commission). Data for the ethnic population comes from the Honolulu Advertiser (2002).",bib67,no -3571-speakers-3,3571,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400,000""}",,,bib4849,no -3571-speaker_number-4,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 127,000 includes both first- and second-language speakers and was generated based on the statistic that ""currently 21.3% of the Māori population of just under 600,000 report being able to speak conversational Māori."" Of these speakers, ""the age group which has the highest proportion of Māori speakers are those over 65 (of whom 39% report being able to speak Māori),"" which matched with the 2013 New Zealand census statement that ""the Māori ethnic group makes up 5.6 percent (32,181 people) of the 65+ population"" equates to 12,550 true native speakers of Māori.",bib4184,yes -3571-speakers-4,3571,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""just under 600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""127,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 127,000 includes both first- and second-language speakers and was generated based on the statistic that ""currently 21.3% of the Māori population of just under 600,000 report being able to speak conversational Māori."" Of these speakers, ""the age group which has the highest proportion of Māori speakers are those over 65 (of whom 39% report being able to speak Māori),"" which matched with the 2013 New Zealand census statement that ""the Māori ethnic group makes up 5.6 percent (32,181 people) of the 65+ population"" equates to 12,550 true native speakers of Māori.",bib4184,yes -3571-speaker_number-5,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1995, 30,000 - 50,000 adult speakers over 15 years old were reported.",bib7938,no -3571-speakers-5,3571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1995, 30,000 - 50,000 adult speakers over 15 years old were reported.",bib7938,no +3571-speakers-3,3571,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400,000""}",,,bib4871,no +3571-speaker_number-4,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 127,000 includes both first- and second-language speakers and was generated based on the statistic that ""currently 21.3% of the Māori population of just under 600,000 report being able to speak conversational Māori."" Of these speakers, ""the age group which has the highest proportion of Māori speakers are those over 65 (of whom 39% report being able to speak Māori),"" which matched with the 2013 New Zealand census statement that ""the Māori ethnic group makes up 5.6 percent (32,181 people) of the 65+ population"" equates to 12,550 true native speakers of Māori.",bib4204,yes +3571-speakers-4,3571,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""just under 600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""127,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 127,000 includes both first- and second-language speakers and was generated based on the statistic that ""currently 21.3% of the Māori population of just under 600,000 report being able to speak conversational Māori."" Of these speakers, ""the age group which has the highest proportion of Māori speakers are those over 65 (of whom 39% report being able to speak Māori),"" which matched with the 2013 New Zealand census statement that ""the Māori ethnic group makes up 5.6 percent (32,181 people) of the 65+ population"" equates to 12,550 true native speakers of Māori.",bib4204,yes +3571-speaker_number-5,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In 1995, 30,000 - 50,000 adult speakers over 15 years old were reported.",bib7963,no +3571-speakers-5,3571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In 1995, 30,000 - 50,000 adult speakers over 15 years old were reported.",bib7963,no 3571-speakers-6,3571,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""3,936"", ""Young Adults"": ""5,286"", ""Elders"": ""2,742""}",,"Chlidren, young adults, older adults, and elders total to 16,356 ""Māori [people] with Māori language competencies."" Non-Māori Māori speakers not taken into account.",bib194,no -3571-speakers-7,3571,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2013""}",,"86.1 percent (or 492,165) of people aged 65+ who stated they could speak at least one language said they spoke only English. This compares with 77.9 percent for those under 65 years of age. 666 people [65+ said they] could hold a conversation only in te reo Māori.",bib8029,no +3571-speakers-7,3571,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2013""}",,"86.1 percent (or 492,165) of people aged 65+ who stated they could speak at least one language said they spoke only English. This compares with 77.9 percent for those under 65 years of age. 666 people [65+ said they] could hold a conversation only in te reo Māori.",bib8054,no 3571-speaker_number-8,3571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3571-speakers-8,3571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3571-LEI-1,3571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3571-vitality-1,3571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3571-LEI-1,3571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3571-vitality-1,3571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3571-LEI-2,3571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3571-vitality-2,3571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3571-LEI-4,3571,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4184,yes -3571-transmission-4,3571,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4184,yes -3571-domains_of_use-4,3571,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4184,yes -3571-speaker_number_trends-4,3571,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4184,yes -3571-vitality-4,3571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4184,yes +3571-LEI-4,3571,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4204,yes +3571-transmission-4,3571,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4204,yes +3571-domains_of_use-4,3571,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4204,yes +3571-speaker_number_trends-4,3571,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4204,yes +3571-vitality-4,3571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The intergenerational transmission rate for Māori is 36%."" ""In Benton’s research during the 1970s the marae and the church were the two strongest Māori language domains. One of the major successes of kōhanga reo and kura kaupapa has been to add school as another domain for the language."" ""Of concern were results from the National Māori Language Survey which showed that nearly half of those surveyed never spoke Māori at home and only 14% of respondents used Māori on a daily basis (Te Puni Kōkiri 1998, 49).",bib4204,yes 3571-LEI-5,3571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Recently, there has been increasing reluctance by members of the young -generation to use Maori.",bib7938,no +generation to use Maori.",bib7963,no 3571-vitality-5,3571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Recently, there has been increasing reluctance by members of the young -generation to use Maori.",bib7938,no +generation to use Maori.",bib7963,no 3571-LEI-6,3571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Based on the 2006 census: 19% of Māori age 0-14, 25% age 15-34, 27% age 35-54, and 44% age 55+ have ""Māori language competencies."" ""Thirty-one percent of children or dependents live in households where there is at least one adult speaker of te reo, meaning that acquisition through intergenerational transmission is possible,"" but ""communication patterns in the home have not yet reached a level where the Māori language is considered the primary means of communication.""",bib194,no 3571-transmission-6,3571,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Based on the 2006 census: 19% of Māori age 0-14, 25% age 15-34, 27% age 35-54, and 44% age 55+ have ""Māori language competencies."" ""Thirty-one percent of children or dependents live in households where there is at least one adult speaker of te reo, meaning that acquisition through intergenerational transmission is possible,"" but ""communication patterns in the home have not yet reached a level where the Māori language is considered the primary means of communication.""",bib194,no 3571-domains_of_use-6,3571,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Based on the 2006 census: 19% of Māori age 0-14, 25% age 15-34, 27% age 35-54, and 44% age 55+ have ""Māori language competencies."" ""Thirty-one percent of children or dependents live in households where there is at least one adult speaker of te reo, meaning that acquisition through intergenerational transmission is possible,"" but ""communication patterns in the home have not yet reached a level where the Māori language is considered the primary means of communication.""",bib194,no 3571-vitality-6,3571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Based on the 2006 census: 19% of Māori age 0-14, 25% age 15-34, 27% age 35-54, and 44% age 55+ have ""Māori language competencies."" ""Thirty-one percent of children or dependents live in households where there is at least one adult speaker of te reo, meaning that acquisition through intergenerational transmission is possible,"" but ""communication patterns in the home have not yet reached a level where the Māori language is considered the primary means of communication.""",bib194,no 3571-LEI-7,3571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3571-vitality-7,3571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3572-context-1,3572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,Pressure on language from Tahitian,bib7938,no -3572-location-1,3572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.1226, -134.978]]}",,,bib5307,no -3572-location-2,3572,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Mangareva Island""}",,,bib7938,no +3572-context-1,3572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tahitian""}",,Pressure on language from Tahitian,bib7963,no +3572-location-1,3572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.1226, -134.978]]}",,,bib5330,no +3572-location-2,3572,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""Mangareva Island""}",,,bib7963,no 3572-location-3,3572,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""]}",,,bib67,no -3572-speaker_number-1,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3572-speakers-1,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3572-speaker_number-2,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The census lists 854 speakers of ""Polynesian Languages"" in the Gambier islands. It is unclear if all of those listed speak Mangareva.",bib8210,yes -3572-speakers-2,3572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1421"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The census lists 854 speakers of ""Polynesian Languages"" in the Gambier islands. It is unclear if all of those listed speak Mangareva.",bib8210,yes -3572-speaker_number-3,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,at best 300–400,bib7938,no -3572-speakers-3,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,at best 300–400,bib7938,no +3572-speaker_number-1,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3572-speakers-1,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3572-speaker_number-2,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The census lists 854 speakers of ""Polynesian Languages"" in the Gambier islands. It is unclear if all of those listed speak Mangareva.",bib8235,yes +3572-speakers-2,3572,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1421"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The census lists 854 speakers of ""Polynesian Languages"" in the Gambier islands. It is unclear if all of those listed speak Mangareva.",bib8235,yes +3572-speaker_number-3,3572,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,at best 300–400,bib7963,no +3572-speakers-3,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,at best 300–400,bib7963,no 3572-speaker_number-4,3572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3572-speakers-4,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3572-speaker_number-5,3572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3572-speakers-5,3572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3572-LEI-1,3572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3572-vitality-1,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3572-LEI-2,3572,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8210,yes -3572-speaker_number_trends-2,3572,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8210,yes -3572-vitality-2,3572,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8210,yes -3572-LEI-3,3572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3572-vitality-3,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3572-LEI-1,3572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3572-vitality-1,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3572-LEI-2,3572,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8235,yes +3572-speaker_number_trends-2,3572,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8235,yes +3572-vitality-2,3572,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Census data indicates that just over half of the population speaks Mangareva. A larger portion, 979, speak French.",bib8235,yes +3572-LEI-3,3572,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3572-vitality-3,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3572-LEI-4,3572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3572-vitality-4,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3572-LEI-5,3572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3572-vitality-5,3572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3574-context-1,3574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama; English""}",,,bib6451,no -3574-context-2,3574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shark Bay""}",,,bib7938,yes +3574-context-1,3574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama; English""}",,,bib6475,no +3574-context-2,3574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shark Bay""}",,,bib7963,yes 3574-location-1,3574,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Santo Island, central east coast.""}",,,bib67,no -3574-location-2,3574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1967, 167.0498]]}",,,bib5307,no -3574-location-3,3574,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""North and Central Vanuatu, East Santo""}",,,bib7938,yes -3574-speaker_number-1,3574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -3574-speakers-1,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no +3574-location-2,3574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.1967, 167.0498]]}",,,bib5330,no +3574-location-3,3574,location,"{""Places"": [""Espiritu Santo Island, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""North and Central Vanuatu, East Santo""}",,,bib7963,yes +3574-speaker_number-1,3574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +3574-speakers-1,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no 3574-speaker_number-2,3574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3574-speakers-2,3574,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3574-speaker_number-3,3574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3574-speakers-3,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3574-speaker_number-4,3574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7938,yes -3574-speakers-4,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7938,yes +3574-speaker_number-3,3574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3574-speakers-3,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3574-speaker_number-4,3574,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7963,yes +3574-speakers-4,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1972, fifty speakers were reported. There are probably fewer today.",bib7963,yes 3574-speaker_number-5,3574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3574-speakers-5,3574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""335"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3574-LEI-1,3574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3574-vitality-1,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +3574-LEI-1,3574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3574-vitality-1,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 3574-LEI-2,3574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3574-vitality-2,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3574-LEI-3,3574,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3574-vitality-3,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3574-LEI-4,3574,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -3574-vitality-4,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,yes +3574-LEI-3,3574,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3574-vitality-3,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3574-LEI-4,3574,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +3574-vitality-4,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,yes 3574-LEI-5,3574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3574-vitality-5,3574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3575-location-1,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Ureparapara: Lehalurup""]}",,Population moved to Ureparapara in 1958 following seismic activity which rendered the Reef Islands uninhabitable.,bib7426,yes +3575-location-1,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Ureparapara: Lehalurup""]}",,Population moved to Ureparapara in 1958 following seismic activity which rendered the Reef Islands uninhabitable.,bib7450,yes 3575-location-2,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -3575-location-3,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ureparapara, Banks Islands.""}",,,bib2728,no -3575-location-4,3575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5311, 167.3368]]}",,,bib5307,no -3575-location-5,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ureparapara Island, Banks Islands""}",,,bib7938,no -3575-speaker_number-1,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7426,yes -3575-speakers-1,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7426,yes -3575-speaker_number-2,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -3575-speakers-2,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +3575-location-3,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ureparapara, Banks Islands.""}",,,bib2742,no +3575-location-4,3575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5311, 167.3368]]}",,,bib5330,no +3575-location-5,3575,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ureparapara Island, Banks Islands""}",,,bib7963,no +3575-speaker_number-1,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7450,yes +3575-speakers-1,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7450,yes +3575-speaker_number-2,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +3575-speakers-2,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 3575-speaker_number-3,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Francois (2007).,bib67,no 3575-speakers-3,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Francois (2007).,bib67,no -3575-speaker_number-4,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -3575-speakers-4,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no -3575-speaker_number-5,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3575-speakers-5,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3575-speaker_number-6,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7938,no -3575-speakers-6,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7938,no +3575-speaker_number-4,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +3575-speakers-4,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no +3575-speaker_number-5,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3575-speakers-5,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3575-speaker_number-6,3575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7963,no +3575-speakers-6,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Mean age of children is 8.,bib7963,no 3575-speaker_number-7,3575,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3575-speakers-7,3575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3575-LEI-1,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,yes -3575-vitality-1,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,yes -3575-LEI-2,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -3575-vitality-2,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +3575-LEI-1,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,yes +3575-vitality-1,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,yes +3575-LEI-2,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +3575-vitality-2,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 3575-LEI-3,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3575-vitality-3,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3575-LEI-4,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3575-vitality-4,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -3575-LEI-5,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3575-vitality-5,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3575-LEI-6,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3575-vitality-6,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +3575-LEI-4,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3575-vitality-4,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +3575-LEI-5,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3575-vitality-5,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3575-LEI-6,3575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3575-vitality-6,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 3575-LEI-7,3575,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3575-vitality-7,3575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3576-context-1,3576,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zabana""}",,,bib7938,no -3576-location-1,3576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6157, 158.7359]]}",,,bib5307,no -3576-location-2,3576,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast of Santa Isabel island""}",,,bib7938,no +3576-context-1,3576,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zabana""}",,,bib7963,no +3576-location-1,3576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.6157, 158.7359]]}",,,bib5330,no +3576-location-2,3576,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast of Santa Isabel island""}",,,bib7963,no 3576-location-3,3576,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no 3576-speaker_number-1,3576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3576-speakers-1,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3576-speakers-2,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last fluent speaker of Laghu died in 1984.,bib5739,yes -3576-speaker_number-3,3576,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"language has succumbed to pressure from large related neighboring languages, such as Zabana (Kia)",bib7938,no -3576-speakers-3,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"language has succumbed to pressure from large related neighboring languages, such as Zabana (Kia)",bib7938,no +3576-speakers-2,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last fluent speaker of Laghu died in 1984.,bib5763,yes +3576-speaker_number-3,3576,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"language has succumbed to pressure from large related neighboring languages, such as Zabana (Kia)",bib7963,no +3576-speakers-3,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"language has succumbed to pressure from large related neighboring languages, such as Zabana (Kia)",bib7963,no 3576-speaker_number-4,3576,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 3576-speakers-4,3576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 3576-LEI-1,3576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3576-vitality-1,3576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3576-LEI-2,3576,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5739,yes -3576-vitality-2,3576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5739,yes -3576-LEI-3,3576,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -3576-speaker_number_trends-3,3576,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,no -3576-vitality-3,3576,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7938,no +3576-LEI-2,3576,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5763,yes +3576-vitality-2,3576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5763,yes +3576-LEI-3,3576,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +3576-speaker_number_trends-3,3576,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,no +3576-vitality-3,3576,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7963,no 3576-LEI-4,3576,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3576-vitality-4,3576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3578-location-1,3578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.35, 75.8]]}",,,bib75,no 3578-location-2,3578,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes 3578-speaker_number-1,3578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3578-speakers-1,3578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""236"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3578-speaker_number-2,3578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4011,no -3578-speakers-2,3578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""254"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4011,no +3578-speaker_number-2,3578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4031,no +3578-speakers-2,3578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""254"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4031,no 3578-speaker_number-3,3578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2001 census),bib67,yes 3578-speakers-3,3578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2001 census),bib67,yes 3578-LEI-1,3578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3578-vitality-1,3578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3578-LEI-2,3578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4011,no -3578-vitality-2,3578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4011,no +3578-LEI-2,3578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4031,no +3578-vitality-2,3578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4031,no 3578-LEI-3,3578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3578-vitality-3,3578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3579-location-1,3579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.518239975, 149.349884]]}",,,bib7945,no +3579-location-1,3579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.518239975, 149.349884]]}",,,bib7970,no 3579-location-2,3579,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 3579-speaker_number-1,3579,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3579-speakers-1,3579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,469"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -38692,67 +38878,67 @@ generation to use Maori.",bib7938,no 3579-LEI-2,3579,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3579-vitality-2,3579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3581-context-1,3581,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,,no -3581-context-2,3581,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai, Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5361,yes -3581-location-1,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Arusha Region, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, area centred around Komolo and Loiborsoit, Arusha Region.""}",,,bib6944,no +3581-context-2,3581,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai, Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5384,yes +3581-location-1,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Arusha Region, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, area centred around Komolo and Loiborsoit, Arusha Region.""}",,,bib6968,no 3581-location-2,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Arusha Region, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""...area centered around Komolo and Loiborsoit, Arusha Region.""}",,,,no -3581-location-3,3581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1948, 37.738]]}",,,bib5307,no -3581-location-4,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Aas\u00e1 live in the Maasai Plains south of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania... [and in] settlements including Komolo, Lendanai, Lemelepo, and Naajuu.""}",,,bib5361,yes +3581-location-3,3581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1948, 37.738]]}",,,bib5330,no +3581-location-4,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Aas\u00e1 live in the Maasai Plains south of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania... [and in] settlements including Komolo, Lendanai, Lemelepo, and Naajuu.""}",,,bib5384,yes 3581-location-5,3581,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,no -3581-speaker_number-1,3581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""According to Winter (1979), the last speaker died in 1976... Smith (in Blackburn n.d.) gives the approximate number of 100 people who have some knowledge of the language."" Others claim approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",bib6944,no -3581-speakers-1,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~100""}",,"""According to Winter (1979), the last speaker died in 1976... Smith (in Blackburn n.d.) gives the approximate number of 100 people who have some knowledge of the language."" Others claim approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",bib6944,no +3581-speaker_number-1,3581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""According to Winter (1979), the last speaker died in 1976... Smith (in Blackburn n.d.) gives the approximate number of 100 people who have some knowledge of the language."" Others claim approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",bib6968,no +3581-speakers-1,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~100""}",,"""According to Winter (1979), the last speaker died in 1976... Smith (in Blackburn n.d.) gives the approximate number of 100 people who have some knowledge of the language."" Others claim approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",bib6968,no 3581-speaker_number-2,3581,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Sources are contradictory; some claiming that the language has been extinct since 1976, others claiming it has approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",,no 3581-speakers-2,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Sources are contradictory; some claiming that the language has been extinct since 1976, others claiming it has approximately 1000 speakers of different levels of competence.",,no 3581-speaker_number-3,3581,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3581-speakers-3,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3581-speakers-4,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"In all, we collected data from twelve individuals ranging in age from fifty to seventy years old at four different places, totaling about four hundred items (lexicon and set phrases) with a good deal of overlapping material.",bib5361,yes +3581-speakers-4,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"In all, we collected data from twelve individuals ranging in age from fifty to seventy years old at four different places, totaling about four hundred items (lexicon and set phrases) with a good deal of overlapping material.",bib5384,yes 3581-speaker_number-5,3581,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,In 1999 reportedly still spoken in the central Massai Steppe. No remaining speakers in the eastern Maasai Steppe in 1976. Dependent on the Maasai and absorbed into Maasai and nearby Bantu groups. Also use Maasai [mas].,bib67,no 3581-speakers-5,3581,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,In 1999 reportedly still spoken in the central Massai Steppe. No remaining speakers in the eastern Maasai Steppe in 1976. Dependent on the Maasai and absorbed into Maasai and nearby Bantu groups. Also use Maasai [mas].,bib67,no -3581-LEI-1,3581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3581-vitality-1,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +3581-LEI-1,3581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3581-vitality-1,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 3581-LEI-2,3581,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 3581-vitality-2,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no 3581-LEI-3,3581,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3581-vitality-3,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3581-LEI-4,3581,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5361,yes -3581-vitality-4,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5361,yes +3581-LEI-4,3581,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5384,yes +3581-vitality-4,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5384,yes 3581-LEI-5,3581,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3581-vitality-5,3581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3582-location-1,3582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.1863, 23.6096]]}",,,bib5307,no +3582-location-1,3582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.1863, 23.6096]]}",,,bib5330,no 3582-location-2,3582,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""]}",,,bib67,yes -3582-speaker_number-1,3582,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3582-speakers-1,3582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3582-speaker_number-1,3582,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3582-speakers-1,3582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3582-speaker_number-2,3582,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3582-speakers-2,3582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3582-speaker_number-3,3582,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3582-speakers-3,3582,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -3582-LEI-1,3582,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3582-vitality-1,3582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3582-LEI-1,3582,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3582-vitality-1,3582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3582-LEI-2,3582,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3582-vitality-2,3582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3582-LEI-3,3582,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3582-vitality-3,3582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3584-context-1,3584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sabah Malay, Bahasa Malay""}",,,bib7937,yes -3584-location-1,3584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.587, 118.3695]]}",,,bib5307,no -3584-location-2,3584,location,"{""Places"": [""Sabah, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""extreme northeast of Sabah, on the lower Kinabatangan River, southeast of Sandakan.""}",,,bib7937,yes +3584-context-1,3584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sabah Malay, Bahasa Malay""}",,,bib7962,yes +3584-location-1,3584,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.587, 118.3695]]}",,,bib5330,no +3584-location-2,3584,location,"{""Places"": [""Sabah, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""extreme northeast of Sabah, on the lower Kinabatangan River, southeast of Sandakan.""}",,,bib7962,yes 3584-location-3,3584,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -3584-speaker_number-1,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3584-speakers-1,3584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3584-speaker_number-2,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 500 speakers were reported, but there are fewer today.",bib7937,yes -3584-speakers-2,3584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 500 speakers were reported, but there are fewer today.",bib7937,yes +3584-speaker_number-1,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3584-speakers-1,3584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3584-speaker_number-2,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 500 speakers were reported, but there are fewer today.",bib7962,yes +3584-speakers-2,3584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 500 speakers were reported, but there are fewer today.",bib7962,yes 3584-speaker_number-3,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3584-speakers-3,3584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3584-speaker_number-4,3584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3584-speakers-4,3584,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3584-LEI-1,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3584-vitality-1,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3584-LEI-2,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3584-vitality-2,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +3584-LEI-1,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3584-vitality-1,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3584-LEI-2,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3584-vitality-2,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 3584-LEI-3,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3584-vitality-3,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3584-LEI-4,3584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3584-vitality-4,3584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3585-location-1,3585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.06, 64.4]]}",,,bib3725,no -3585-location-2,3585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.9608, 66.8133]]}",,,bib5307,no +3585-location-1,3585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.06, 64.4]]}",,,bib3744,no +3585-location-2,3585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.9608, 66.8133]]}",,,bib5330,no 3585-location-3,3585,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.22, 67.33]]}",,,bib75,no 3585-location-4,3585,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""Uzbekistan""]}",,,bib67,yes 3585-speaker_number-1,3585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -38763,77 +38949,77 @@ generation to use Maori.",bib7938,no 3585-vitality-1,3585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3585-LEI-2,3585,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3585-vitality-2,3585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3591-location-1,3591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.809, 30.2453]]}",,,bib5307,no +3591-location-1,3591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.809, 30.2453]]}",,,bib5330,no 3591-location-2,3591,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Janub Kurdufan state: Saraf Aj-Jaamous area, east of Moro hills.""}",,,bib69,yes -3591-speaker_number-1,3591,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3591-speakers-1,3591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3591-speaker_number-1,3591,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3591-speakers-1,3591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3591-speaker_number-2,3591,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"9,830 speakers in home area",bib69,yes 3591-speakers-2,3591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"9,830 speakers in home area",bib69,yes -3591-LEI-1,3591,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3591-vitality-1,3591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3591-LEI-1,3591,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3591-vitality-1,3591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3591-LEI-2,3591,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 3591-vitality-2,3591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -3592-location-1,3592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.23189623, 139.9715594]]}",,,bib1182,no +3592-location-1,3592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.23189623, 139.9715594]]}",,,bib1191,no 3592-location-2,3592,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3592-speaker_number-2,3592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3592-speakers-2,3592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3592-speaker_number-3,3592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -3592-speakers-3,3592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes +3592-speaker_number-3,3592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +3592-speakers-3,3592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes 3592-speaker_number-4,3592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3592-speakers-4,3592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3592-speaker_number-5,3592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3592-speakers-5,3592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 3592-LEI-1,3592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3592-vitality-1,3592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3592-LEI-2,3592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3592-vitality-2,3592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +3592-LEI-2,3592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3592-vitality-2,3592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 3592-LEI-3,3592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3592-vitality-3,3592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3592-LEI-4,3592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3592-vitality-4,3592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3593-context-1,3593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no +3593-context-1,3593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English""], ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no 3593-location-1,3593,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3593-location-2,3593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-30.83714135, 139.1215397]]}",,,bib1182,no -3593-speaker_number-1,3593,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3593-speakers-1,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3593-location-2,3593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-30.83714135, 139.1215397]]}",,,bib1191,no +3593-speaker_number-1,3593,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3593-speakers-1,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3593-speaker_number-2,3593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(1996 census),bib67,no 3593-speakers-2,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(1996 census),bib67,no 3593-speaker_number-3,3593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,yes 3593-speakers-3,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,yes -3593-speaker_number-4,3593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3593-speakers-4,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3593-speaker_number-4,3593,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3593-speakers-4,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3593-speaker_number-5,3593,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3593-speakers-5,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3593-speaker_number-6,3593,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -3593-speakers-6,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -3593-LEI-1,3593,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3593-vitality-1,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3593-speaker_number-6,3593,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +3593-speakers-6,3593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +3593-LEI-1,3593,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3593-vitality-1,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3593-LEI-2,3593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3593-vitality-2,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3593-LEI-3,3593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 3593-vitality-3,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -3593-LEI-4,3593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3593-vitality-4,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3593-LEI-4,3593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3593-vitality-4,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3593-LEI-5,3593,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3593-vitality-5,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3593-LEI-6,3593,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3593-vitality-6,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -3594-location-1,3594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.120653, 141.833361]]}",,,bib7945,no +3593-LEI-6,3593,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3593-vitality-6,3593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +3594-location-1,3594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.120653, 141.833361]]}",,,bib7970,no 3594-location-2,3594,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3594-speaker_number-1,3594,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3594-speakers-1,3594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3594-speaker_number-2,3594,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3594-speakers-2,3594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3594-speaker_number-2,3594,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3594-speakers-2,3594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3594-speakers-3,3594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3594-LEI-1,3594,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3594-vitality-1,3594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3594-LEI-2,3594,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3594-vitality-2,3594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3594-LEI-2,3594,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3594-vitality-2,3594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3594-LEI-3,3594,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3594-vitality-3,3594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -3595-context-1,3595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,Under pressure from Paici and French,bib7937,no -3595-location-1,3595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5307,no -3595-location-2,3595,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""A third of the length of New Caledonia from the northwestern end, on the southwestern coast, near Kone\u00b4 town.""}",,,bib7937,no +3595-context-1,3595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,Under pressure from Paici and French,bib7962,no +3595-location-1,3595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5330,no +3595-location-2,3595,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""A third of the length of New Caledonia from the northwestern end, on the southwestern coast, near Kone\u00b4 town.""}",,,bib7962,no 3595-location-3,3595,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3595-speaker_number-1,3595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3595-speakers-1,3595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -38843,289 +39029,289 @@ generation to use Maori.",bib7938,no 3595-vitality-1,3595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3595-LEI-2,3595,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3595-vitality-2,3595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3596-location-1,3596,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Jikrio Goth around Deh 333, Hyderabad"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.272921, 69.290285]]}",,,bib6094,yes +3596-location-1,3596,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Jikrio Goth around Deh 333, Hyderabad"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.272921, 69.290285]]}",,,bib6118,yes 3596-location-2,3596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.25, 69.03]]}",,,bib75,no 3596-location-3,3596,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no 3596-speaker_number-1,3596,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3596-speakers-1,3596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3596-speaker_number-2,3596,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6094,yes -3596-speakers-2,3596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6094,yes +3596-speaker_number-2,3596,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6118,yes +3596-speakers-2,3596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6118,yes 3596-speakers-3,3596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""483"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,150. Women monolingual. 333 around Deh,bib67,no 3596-LEI-1,3596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3596-vitality-1,3596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3596-LEI-2,3596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,yes -3596-vitality-2,3596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,yes -3597-context-1,3597,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha, Chinese, Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""5,000""}",,"Classified in China as part of the Hani Nationality, and as the Akha group in Burma and Thailand. All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in some places. They also know other dominant languages in the region where located.",bib1205,yes -3597-location-1,3597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.5833, 101.0166]]}",,,bib5307,no -3597-location-2,3597,location,"{""Places"": [""China, Burma, Thailand""], ""Description"": ""China: Jinghong and Menghai counties. Burma: eastern Shan State. Thailand: northern Chiangrai Province. Possibly also in Laos.""}",,,bib1205,yes -3597-speaker_number-1,3597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Closely related to Akha, but not mutually intelligible.",bib1205,yes -3597-speakers-1,3597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Closely related to Akha, but not mutually intelligible.",bib1205,yes -3597-LEI-1,3597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in most places; they also know other dominant languages including some Tai language, and in China, also Chinese.",bib1205,yes -3597-vitality-1,3597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in most places; they also know other dominant languages including some Tai language, and in China, also Chinese.",bib1205,yes -3599-location-1,3599,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.855899811, 144.7736969]]}",,,bib7945,no +3596-LEI-2,3596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,yes +3596-vitality-2,3596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,yes +3597-context-1,3597,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha, Chinese, Thai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""5,000""}",,"Classified in China as part of the Hani Nationality, and as the Akha group in Burma and Thailand. All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in some places. They also know other dominant languages in the region where located.",bib1214,yes +3597-location-1,3597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.5833, 101.0166]]}",,,bib5330,no +3597-location-2,3597,location,"{""Places"": [""China, Burma, Thailand""], ""Description"": ""China: Jinghong and Menghai counties. Burma: eastern Shan State. Thailand: northern Chiangrai Province. Possibly also in Laos.""}",,,bib1214,yes +3597-speaker_number-1,3597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Closely related to Akha, but not mutually intelligible.",bib1214,yes +3597-speakers-1,3597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Closely related to Akha, but not mutually intelligible.",bib1214,yes +3597-LEI-1,3597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in most places; they also know other dominant languages including some Tai language, and in China, also Chinese.",bib1214,yes +3597-vitality-1,3597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"All speakers also speak Akha, which is replacing Akeu in most places; they also know other dominant languages including some Tai language, and in China, also Chinese.",bib1214,yes +3599-location-1,3599,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.855899811, 144.7736969]]}",,,bib7970,no 3599-location-2,3599,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Middle Ramu district, 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes -3599-location-3,3599,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken in Akrukay and other small hamlets.\""""}",,,bib8010,no -3599-location-4,3599,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Akuarikai and Andamangu villages.""}",,,bib8013,no +3599-location-3,3599,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: \""Spoken in Akrukay and other small hamlets.\""""}",,,bib8035,no +3599-location-4,3599,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Akuarikai and Andamangu villages.""}",,,bib8038,no 3599-speaker_number-1,3599,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3599-speakers-1,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""246"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3599-speaker_number-2,3599,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(2013 J. Brooks),bib69,yes 3599-speakers-2,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(2013 J. Brooks),bib69,yes -3599-speaker_number-3,3599,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8010,no -3599-speakers-3,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8010,no -3599-speaker_number-4,3599,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8013,no -3599-speakers-4,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""191"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8013,no +3599-speaker_number-3,3599,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8035,no +3599-speakers-3,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8035,no +3599-speaker_number-4,3599,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8038,no +3599-speakers-4,3599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""191"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8038,no 3599-LEI-1,3599,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3599-vitality-1,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3599-LEI-2,3599,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 3599-vitality-2,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -3599-LEI-3,3599,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,no -3599-vitality-3,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,no -3599-LEI-4,3599,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8013,no -3599-vitality-4,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8013,no -3600-context-1,3600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All formal and regional communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most of the Afitti people are bilingual and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language. The regional language, known as colloquial Sudanese Arabic, is used for all formal and regional communication, which partly explains this development [...] The relatively small number of speakers, as well as the war in Sudan have left this language with little to no attention from current linguists with the notable exception of Roland C. Stevenson (Stevenson, Rottland & Jakobi 1992; Bender 2000) who collected materials in 1986–88.",bib8185,yes -3600-context-2,3600,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dair""}",,,bib3816,no -3600-location-1,3600,location,"{""Places"": [""North Kordofan, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Near the town of ar-Rahad. \""It is spoken to the east of a solitary rock formation, known as Jebel el-Dair.\""""}",,,bib8185,yes -3600-location-2,3600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4419, 30.7534]]}",,,bib5307,no -3600-location-3,3600,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""\""...Dinik, which is spoken some 150 kms northeast of Dilling in the northern and eastern part, i.e., the Sidra area of Jebel Dair."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.13869, 30.181732]]}",,,bib3816,no +3599-LEI-3,3599,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8035,no +3599-vitality-3,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8035,no +3599-LEI-4,3599,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8038,no +3599-vitality-4,3599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8038,no +3600-context-1,3600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All formal and regional communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most of the Afitti people are bilingual and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language. The regional language, known as colloquial Sudanese Arabic, is used for all formal and regional communication, which partly explains this development [...] The relatively small number of speakers, as well as the war in Sudan have left this language with little to no attention from current linguists with the notable exception of Roland C. Stevenson (Stevenson, Rottland & Jakobi 1992; Bender 2000) who collected materials in 1986–88.",bib8210,yes +3600-context-2,3600,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dair""}",,,bib3835,no +3600-location-1,3600,location,"{""Places"": [""North Kordofan, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Near the town of ar-Rahad. \""It is spoken to the east of a solitary rock formation, known as Jebel el-Dair.\""""}",,,bib8210,yes +3600-location-2,3600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4419, 30.7534]]}",,,bib5330,no +3600-location-3,3600,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""\""...Dinik, which is spoken some 150 kms northeast of Dilling in the northern and eastern part, i.e., the Sidra area of Jebel Dair."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.13869, 30.181732]]}",,,bib3835,no 3600-location-4,3600,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no 3600-speaker_number-1,3600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Most of the Afitti people are bilingual -and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language",bib8185,yes +and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language",bib8210,yes 3600-speakers-1,3600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Most of the Afitti people are bilingual -and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language",bib8185,yes -3600-speaker_number-2,3600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3600-speakers-2,3600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +and Arabic is often found as their first rather than their second language",bib8210,yes +3600-speaker_number-2,3600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3600-speakers-2,3600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3600-speaker_number-3,3600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3600-speakers-3,3600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,512"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3600-speaker_number-4,3600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3600-speakers-4,3600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,510"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3600-LEI-1,3600,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8185,yes -3600-domains_of_use-1,3600,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8185,yes -3600-speaker_number_trends-1,3600,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8185,yes -3600-vitality-1,3600,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8185,yes -3600-LEI-2,3600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3600-vitality-2,3600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3600-LEI-1,3600,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8210,yes +3600-domains_of_use-1,3600,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8210,yes +3600-speaker_number_trends-1,3600,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8210,yes +3600-vitality-1,3600,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Afitti people are joined by Arabic speaking communities as well as villages that only speak Kordofan Nubian. Although these villages are separated according to language, the Afitti language has been increasingly influenced or even replaced by Arabic.",bib8210,yes +3600-LEI-2,3600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3600-vitality-2,3600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3600-LEI-3,3600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3600-vitality-3,3600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3600-LEI-4,3600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3600-vitality-4,3600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3605-context-1,3605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gumuz; Aw\u014bi; Oromiffaa; Amharic; Oromo""}",,,bib7743,no -3605-context-2,3605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo""}",,,bib7615,yes +3605-context-1,3605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gumuz; Aw\u014bi; Oromiffaa; Amharic; Oromo""}",,,bib7768,no +3605-context-2,3605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo""}",,,bib7640,yes 3605-location-1,3605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4166666667, 36.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -3605-location-2,3605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3581, 35.0024]]}",,,bib5307,no +3605-location-2,3605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3581, 35.0024]]}",,,bib5330,no 3605-location-3,3605,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -3605-location-4,3605,location,"{""Places"": [""Amhara Region, Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7743,no -3605-speaker_number-1,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3605-speakers-1,3605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,878"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3605-location-4,3605,location,"{""Places"": [""Amhara Region, Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7768,no +3605-speaker_number-1,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3605-speakers-1,3605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,878"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3605-speaker_number-2,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3605-speakers-2,3605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32,894"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3605-speaker_number-3,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Š. [Shinasha] (also known as Boro, self-name: Bòrná) is an Omotic language (Gonga language family) spoken by ca. 20,000 people (1998 Census) in the south-west Amhara region.",bib7743,no -3605-speakers-3,3605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Š. [Shinasha] (also known as Boro, self-name: Bòrná) is an Omotic language (Gonga language family) spoken by ca. 20,000 people (1998 Census) in the south-west Amhara region.",bib7743,no +3605-speaker_number-3,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Š. [Shinasha] (also known as Boro, self-name: Bòrná) is an Omotic language (Gonga language family) spoken by ca. 20,000 people (1998 Census) in the south-west Amhara region.",bib7768,no +3605-speakers-3,3605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Š. [Shinasha] (also known as Boro, self-name: Bòrná) is an Omotic language (Gonga language family) spoken by ca. 20,000 people (1998 Census) in the south-west Amhara region.",bib7768,no 3605-speaker_number-4,3605,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 3605-speakers-4,3605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32660"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,734"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no -3605-speaker_number-5,3605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -3605-speakers-5,3605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes -3605-LEI-1,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3605-vitality-1,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3605-speaker_number-5,3605,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +3605-speakers-5,3605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes +3605-LEI-1,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3605-vitality-1,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3605-LEI-2,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3605-vitality-2,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3605-LEI-3,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7743,no -3605-vitality-3,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7743,no +3605-LEI-3,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7768,no +3605-vitality-3,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7768,no 3605-LEI-4,3605,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 3605-vitality-4,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no -3605-LEI-5,3605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3605-vitality-5,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -361-context-1,361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Anyi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Population is switching to Anyi""}",,,bib994,yes -361-location-1,361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2495, -3.3233]]}",,,bib5307,no -361-speaker_number-1,361,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,yes -361-speakers-1,361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,yes -361-LEI-1,361,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,yes -361-vitality-1,361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,yes -362-context-1,362,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gur, Manding""}",,,bib7615,no -362-context-2,362,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manding, Sienare"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Jeri as a whole are either (at least) bilingual in Jeri.kuo and a dominant language [Sienare or Manding], with an observable tendency for language shift, or have already completed the process of shift and abandoned Jeri.kuo... it is explicitly argued that the new language (Manding) 'is better for the young ones', or will 'give them an advantage.'",bib4053,yes -362-location-1,362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.2647, -5.8666]]}",,,bib5307,no -362-location-2,362,location,"{""Description"": ""Around Korhogo in the northern Ivory Coast""}",,,bib7615,no -362-location-3,362,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""The totality of the Jeri live as a minority in distinct wards of Sienare villages [around Korhogo, Ivory Coast]."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.455581, -5.63746]]}",,,bib4053,yes -362-speaker_number-1,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -362-speakers-1,362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -362-speaker_number-2,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -362-speakers-2,362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no -362-speaker_number-3,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Ongoing and largely completed language shift; Jeri must be regarded an endangered language.,bib4053,yes -362-speakers-3,362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Ongoing and largely completed language shift; Jeri must be regarded an endangered language.,bib4053,yes -362-LEI-1,362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -362-vitality-1,362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -362-LEI-2,362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -362-vitality-2,362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -362-LEI-3,362,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4053,yes -362-transmission-3,362,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4053,yes -362-speaker_number_trends-3,362,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4053,yes -362-vitality-3,362,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4053,yes -3626-context-1,3626,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All others""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kofa, Chadian Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Majority speak Kofa and Chadian Arabic""}",,,bib3262,yes -3626-location-1,3626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1682, 18.7275]]}",,,bib5307,no -3626-location-2,3626,location,"{""Description"": ""Probably within the last fifty years, the Mabire were all together in four large villages near Mount Mabire. Their villages were named Amdjam\u00e9na, Arga, Mambire (which later divided into Ant\u00e9r\u00e9n\u00e9 and Berouet), and Milaal. Moussa Duwane, the Mabire interviewed in Mongo, claims that Arga and Milaal did not speak the Mabire language, rather they spoke Bidiyo-Tounkoul and Chadian Arabic but were united to the other Mabire villages by the canton chief. According to Terab and Balha, the ancestors of the Mabire came from a village named Mabir, which they said was \u201c7 km west of Baro\u201d (Dadjo II canton, Mangalm\u00e9 subprefecture). The map prepared by Chad's Bureau Central de Recensement shows a village around seven km northwest of Baro, named Mabar, which the Migaama people consider to be the original Migaama village and is currently entirely peopled by Migaama speakers (William Chesley, personal communication).""}",,,bib3262,yes +3605-LEI-5,3605,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3605-vitality-5,3605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +361-context-1,361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Anyi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Population is switching to Anyi""}",,,bib998,yes +361-location-1,361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2495, -3.3233]]}",,,bib5330,no +361-speaker_number-1,361,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,yes +361-speakers-1,361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,yes +361-LEI-1,361,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,yes +361-vitality-1,361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,yes +362-context-1,362,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gur, Manding""}",,,bib7640,no +362-context-2,362,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manding, Sienare"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Jeri as a whole are either (at least) bilingual in Jeri.kuo and a dominant language [Sienare or Manding], with an observable tendency for language shift, or have already completed the process of shift and abandoned Jeri.kuo... it is explicitly argued that the new language (Manding) 'is better for the young ones', or will 'give them an advantage.'",bib4073,yes +362-location-1,362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.2647, -5.8666]]}",,,bib5330,no +362-location-2,362,location,"{""Description"": ""Around Korhogo in the northern Ivory Coast""}",,,bib7640,no +362-location-3,362,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""The totality of the Jeri live as a minority in distinct wards of Sienare villages [around Korhogo, Ivory Coast]."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.455581, -5.63746]]}",,,bib4073,yes +362-speaker_number-1,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +362-speakers-1,362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +362-speaker_number-2,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +362-speakers-2,362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no +362-speaker_number-3,362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Ongoing and largely completed language shift; Jeri must be regarded an endangered language.,bib4073,yes +362-speakers-3,362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Ongoing and largely completed language shift; Jeri must be regarded an endangered language.,bib4073,yes +362-LEI-1,362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +362-vitality-1,362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +362-LEI-2,362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +362-vitality-2,362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +362-LEI-3,362,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4073,yes +362-transmission-3,362,transmission,4,transmission-4,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4073,yes +362-speaker_number_trends-3,362,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4073,yes +362-vitality-3,362,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In more than half of the settlements with a Jeri population, Jeri.kuo is not spoken any more. In about a third of the remaining 17 villages, only 3-15 semi-speakers of the oldest generation are found, and even among settlements with a sizeable number of remaining speakers, there are only a few exceptions to the rule that the transmission of the language to the next generation is now interrupted.",bib4073,yes +3626-context-1,3626,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All others""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kofa, Chadian Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Majority speak Kofa and Chadian Arabic""}",,,bib3278,yes +3626-location-1,3626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1682, 18.7275]]}",,,bib5330,no +3626-location-2,3626,location,"{""Description"": ""Probably within the last fifty years, the Mabire were all together in four large villages near Mount Mabire. Their villages were named Amdjam\u00e9na, Arga, Mambire (which later divided into Ant\u00e9r\u00e9n\u00e9 and Berouet), and Milaal. Moussa Duwane, the Mabire interviewed in Mongo, claims that Arga and Milaal did not speak the Mabire language, rather they spoke Bidiyo-Tounkoul and Chadian Arabic but were united to the other Mabire villages by the canton chief. According to Terab and Balha, the ancestors of the Mabire came from a village named Mabir, which they said was \u201c7 km west of Baro\u201d (Dadjo II canton, Mangalm\u00e9 subprefecture). The map prepared by Chad's Bureau Central de Recensement shows a village around seven km northwest of Baro, named Mabar, which the Migaama people consider to be the original Migaama village and is currently entirely peopled by Migaama speakers (William Chesley, personal communication).""}",,,bib3278,yes 3626-location-3,3626,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,no -3626-speaker_number-1,3626,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3626-speakers-1,3626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3626-speaker_number-1,3626,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3626-speakers-1,3626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3626-speaker_number-2,3626,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The existence of Mabire was first mentioned to Dr. James Roberts (SIL) during an interview he had in 1993 with some Kofa men in the town of Mongo in central Chad. Additional information collected in January 2001 by SIL's language survey team (consisting of Eric Johnson, Noelle Hutchinson, Susanne Malander, and Calvain Mberjodji) confirms its existence as a distinct and endangered language. Mabire is now only spoken by a few older people, in the Guera province of Chad (Bidiyo canton, Mongo-Rural subprefecture). Word list comparison results show a relatively close lexical simliarity to the Jegu dialect of Mogum, though not close enough to suspect intercomprehension. The Mabire-speaking community appears to have disbanded following a devastating epidemic, and the survivors have been -assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes +assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3278,yes 3626-speakers-2,3626,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""~5""}",,"The existence of Mabire was first mentioned to Dr. James Roberts (SIL) during an interview he had in 1993 with some Kofa men in the town of Mongo in central Chad. Additional information collected in January 2001 by SIL's language survey team (consisting of Eric Johnson, Noelle Hutchinson, Susanne Malander, and Calvain Mberjodji) confirms its existence as a distinct and endangered language. Mabire is now only spoken by a few older people, in the Guera province of Chad (Bidiyo canton, Mongo-Rural subprefecture). Word list comparison results show a relatively close lexical simliarity to the Jegu dialect of Mogum, though not close enough to suspect intercomprehension. The Mabire-speaking community appears to have disbanded following a devastating epidemic, and the survivors have been -assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes +assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3278,yes 3626-speaker_number-3,3626,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3626-speakers-3,3626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3626-speaker_number-4,3626,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,3 (2001 SIL),bib67,no 3626-speakers-4,3626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,3 (2001 SIL),bib67,no -3626-LEI-1,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3626-vitality-1,3626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3626-LEI-2,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only older people speak it.,bib3262,yes -3626-transmission-2,3626,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3262,yes -3626-domains_of_use-2,3626,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3262,yes -3626-speaker_number_trends-2,3626,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3262,yes -3626-vitality-2,3626,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only older people speak it.,bib3262,yes +3626-LEI-1,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3626-vitality-1,3626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3626-LEI-2,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only older people speak it.,bib3278,yes +3626-transmission-2,3626,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3278,yes +3626-domains_of_use-2,3626,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3278,yes +3626-speaker_number_trends-2,3626,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only older people speak it.,bib3278,yes +3626-vitality-2,3626,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only older people speak it.,bib3278,yes 3626-LEI-3,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3626-vitality-3,3626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3626-LEI-4,3626,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3626-vitality-4,3626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -363-context-1,363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,,bib994,no -363-location-1,363,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the vicinity of Lake Kamasun, Lake Tibi, and west of the Waanje River."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.389705, -11.926715]]}",,,bib1687,yes -363-location-2,363,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Coordinates"": [[7.3188, -11.9915]]}",,,bib5307,no -363-speaker_number-1,363,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker numbers include both Bom and Krim.,bib1687,yes -363-speakers-1,363,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker numbers include both Bom and Krim.,bib1687,yes -363-speaker_number-2,363,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -363-speakers-2,363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -363-speaker_number-3,363,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,no -363-speakers-3,363,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,no -363-LEI-1,363,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -363-transmission-1,363,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -363-vitality-1,363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -363-LEI-2,363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -363-vitality-2,363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -363-LEI-3,363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,no -363-speaker_number_trends-3,363,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib994,no -363-vitality-3,363,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib994,no -364-context-1,364,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1684,no -364-context-2,364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Temne""}",,,bib994,no -364-context-3,364,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French is the language of schools, government and former colonial power.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Temne, Soso, French"", ""Government Support"": ""Virtually no [Guinea] government support exists."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""National Linguistic Program in Sierra Leone""}",,"Revitalization at the institutional level in Guinea seems unlikely... On the Sierra Leone side there exists a concerted effort to preserve the indigenous languages through what is called the 'National Linguistic Program', a project devoted to developing indigenous languages... In Kigbali (Guinea), the Mani have been denied representation in the local cultural society because of their minority status... Nonetheless, the Mani of Kigbali were flattered by the attention being paid to them and their language... there is some deep-seated and even fierce attachment to the language.",bib1682,yes -364-context-4,364,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"One town chief on the Isle of Kabak even called speaking to the ancestors in Mani ‘speaking to the devil’ [...] domains for the use of Mani have disappeared, but the battering of the language is even more intense as children mock their playmates if they speak Mani, even on the Sierra Leone side of the border.",bib1685,no -364-location-1,364,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea, Sierra Leone""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.1129, -13.2165]]}",,,bib5307,no -364-location-2,364,location,"{""Places"": [""Samu Region""], ""Description"": ""...straddling the border on the coastal plain of Sierra Leone and Guinea. No villages in Guinea can be found in which Mani is the dominant language, although distinct sections and sometimes entire towns are ethnically Mani. In Sierra Leone, however, Mani remains a sometimes daily language in a small collection of geographically close villages around Moribaya in Kambia District."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.874158, -9.550653]]}",,,bib1682,yes -364-speakers-1,364,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Elders"": ""Few""}",,,bib1684,no -364-speakers-2,364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991""}",,,bib994,no -364-speaker_number-3,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Since the few hundred remaining speakers are elderly and widely scattered, the language seems destined to die. As part of an earlier documentation project, however, it was discovered that on a remote island in Sierra Leone, children still grow up speaking the language. These children won a special Mani cultural competition in 2009 demonstrating the traditional arts of singing, dancing, and story-telling, and were provided with the first Mani books.",bib1686,no -364-speakers-3,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Since the few hundred remaining speakers are elderly and widely scattered, the language seems destined to die. As part of an earlier documentation project, however, it was discovered that on a remote island in Sierra Leone, children still grow up speaking the language. These children won a special Mani cultural competition in 2009 demonstrating the traditional arts of singing, dancing, and story-telling, and were provided with the first Mani books.",bib1686,no -364-speaker_number-4,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -364-speakers-4,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -364-speaker_number-5,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,In Sierra Leone the language is decidedly more vital than in Guinea.,bib1682,yes -364-speakers-5,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,In Sierra Leone the language is decidedly more vital than in Guinea.,bib1682,yes -364-speaker_number-6,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1685,no -364-speakers-6,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1685,no -364-LEI-1,364,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1684,no -364-transmission-1,364,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1684,no -364-vitality-1,364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1684,no -364-LEI-2,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1686,no -364-vitality-2,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1686,no -364-LEI-3,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -364-vitality-3,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -364-LEI-4,364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1682,yes -364-domains_of_use-4,364,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1682,yes -364-speaker_number_trends-4,364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1682,yes -364-vitality-4,364,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1682,yes -364-LEI-5,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -364-vitality-5,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -3645-location-1,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Omaheke Region"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""[\u01c2Kx'au||'ein variety spoken in] Epukiro/Gobabis and Omaheke Region.""}",,,bib925,no -3645-location-2,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Angola"", ""Namibia"", ""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Angola, northeastern Namibia and northwestern Botswana""}",,,bib4847,no -3645-location-3,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Angola, Namibia, South Africa""], ""Description"": ""!Xun from Angola now live west of Kimberley in Platfontein (with few still in Schmidtsdrift)... Many of the approximately 1,300 !Xun speakers (Kofi Ayisa, p.c.) living in the border area of northern Namibia are immigrants from Angola. Up to 400 of them live in resettlement schemes, i.e. Ekoka (185), Onamatadiva (132), Oshana-Shiwa (85), and Eendobe (62)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-28.74358, 23.983154], [-17.560247, 18.050537], [-19.621892, 20.253296], [-21.749296, 19.89624]]}",,,bib1243,yes +363-context-1,363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,,bib998,no +363-location-1,363,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the vicinity of Lake Kamasun, Lake Tibi, and west of the Waanje River."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.389705, -11.926715]]}",,,bib1699,yes +363-location-2,363,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Coordinates"": [[7.3188, -11.9915]]}",,,bib5330,no +363-speaker_number-1,363,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker numbers include both Bom and Krim.,bib1699,yes +363-speakers-1,363,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker numbers include both Bom and Krim.,bib1699,yes +363-speaker_number-2,363,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +363-speakers-2,363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +363-speaker_number-3,363,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,no +363-speakers-3,363,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,no +363-LEI-1,363,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +363-transmission-1,363,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +363-vitality-1,363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +363-LEI-2,363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +363-vitality-2,363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +363-LEI-3,363,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no +363-speaker_number_trends-3,363,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib998,no +363-vitality-3,363,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib998,no +364-context-1,364,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1696,no +364-context-2,364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Temne""}",,,bib998,no +364-context-3,364,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French is the language of schools, government and former colonial power.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Temne, Soso, French"", ""Government Support"": ""Virtually no [Guinea] government support exists."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""National Linguistic Program in Sierra Leone""}",,"Revitalization at the institutional level in Guinea seems unlikely... On the Sierra Leone side there exists a concerted effort to preserve the indigenous languages through what is called the 'National Linguistic Program', a project devoted to developing indigenous languages... In Kigbali (Guinea), the Mani have been denied representation in the local cultural society because of their minority status... Nonetheless, the Mani of Kigbali were flattered by the attention being paid to them and their language... there is some deep-seated and even fierce attachment to the language.",bib1694,yes +364-context-4,364,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"One town chief on the Isle of Kabak even called speaking to the ancestors in Mani ‘speaking to the devil’ [...] domains for the use of Mani have disappeared, but the battering of the language is even more intense as children mock their playmates if they speak Mani, even on the Sierra Leone side of the border.",bib1697,no +364-location-1,364,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea, Sierra Leone""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.1129, -13.2165]]}",,,bib5330,no +364-location-2,364,location,"{""Places"": [""Samu Region""], ""Description"": ""...straddling the border on the coastal plain of Sierra Leone and Guinea. No villages in Guinea can be found in which Mani is the dominant language, although distinct sections and sometimes entire towns are ethnically Mani. In Sierra Leone, however, Mani remains a sometimes daily language in a small collection of geographically close villages around Moribaya in Kambia District."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.874158, -9.550653]]}",,,bib1694,yes +364-speakers-1,364,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Elders"": ""Few""}",,,bib1696,no +364-speakers-2,364,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991""}",,,bib998,no +364-speaker_number-3,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Since the few hundred remaining speakers are elderly and widely scattered, the language seems destined to die. As part of an earlier documentation project, however, it was discovered that on a remote island in Sierra Leone, children still grow up speaking the language. These children won a special Mani cultural competition in 2009 demonstrating the traditional arts of singing, dancing, and story-telling, and were provided with the first Mani books.",bib1698,no +364-speakers-3,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Since the few hundred remaining speakers are elderly and widely scattered, the language seems destined to die. As part of an earlier documentation project, however, it was discovered that on a remote island in Sierra Leone, children still grow up speaking the language. These children won a special Mani cultural competition in 2009 demonstrating the traditional arts of singing, dancing, and story-telling, and were provided with the first Mani books.",bib1698,no +364-speaker_number-4,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +364-speakers-4,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +364-speaker_number-5,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,In Sierra Leone the language is decidedly more vital than in Guinea.,bib1694,yes +364-speakers-5,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,In Sierra Leone the language is decidedly more vital than in Guinea.,bib1694,yes +364-speaker_number-6,364,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1697,no +364-speakers-6,364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1697,no +364-LEI-1,364,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1696,no +364-transmission-1,364,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1696,no +364-vitality-1,364,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The few fluent speakers are all over fifty years old, and there are no monolingual Mmani speakers.",bib1696,no +364-LEI-2,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1698,no +364-vitality-2,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1698,no +364-LEI-3,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +364-vitality-3,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +364-LEI-4,364,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1694,yes +364-domains_of_use-4,364,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1694,yes +364-speaker_number_trends-4,364,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1694,yes +364-vitality-4,364,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Spoken by only a few hundred people in only a limited number of contexts, if at all... the language is in the last throes of language death. The relatively few speakers had limited proficiency in the language... the language of enquiry, for the most part, was Soso, the language the Mani people had shifted to. When it was not Soso, it was French, the language of schools, the government, and the former colonial power. Few speakers were fluent speakers of French... On the Guinea side we found only a few elderly people scattered in many towns, [but] in Moribaya and especially on the island of Tangbaya we found a much more vital Mani culture including several Mani dance troupes and children who actually grew up speaking the language.",bib1694,yes +364-LEI-5,364,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +364-vitality-5,364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +3645-location-1,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Omaheke Region"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""[\u01c2Kx'au||'ein variety spoken in] Epukiro/Gobabis and Omaheke Region.""}",,,bib929,no +3645-location-2,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Angola"", ""Namibia"", ""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Angola, northeastern Namibia and northwestern Botswana""}",,,bib4869,no +3645-location-3,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Angola, Namibia, South Africa""], ""Description"": ""!Xun from Angola now live west of Kimberley in Platfontein (with few still in Schmidtsdrift)... Many of the approximately 1,300 !Xun speakers (Kofi Ayisa, p.c.) living in the border area of northern Namibia are immigrants from Angola. Up to 400 of them live in resettlement schemes, i.e. Ekoka (185), Onamatadiva (132), Oshana-Shiwa (85), and Eendobe (62)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-28.74358, 23.983154], [-17.560247, 18.050537], [-19.621892, 20.253296], [-21.749296, 19.89624]]}",,,bib1252,yes 3645-location-4,3645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.6666666667, 18.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3645-location-5,3645,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Angola, South Africa""]}",,,bib67,no -3645-speaker_number-1,3645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib925,no -3645-speakers-1,3645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000 (\u01c2Kx'au||'ein variety only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib925,no -3645-speakers-2,3645,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000-30000""}",,"Barnard (1992, p32) estimates the !Kung population to be approximately 25,000 to 30,000 people.",bib4847,no -3645-speaker_number-3,3645,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Namibia 9000 [speakers]; Botswana 2000; RSA 3700; Angola 1000 [...] for most areas the numbers of speakers of the !Xun dialect cluster are still preliminary guesses. The main problem with figures for !Xun speakers is the lack of demographic and linguistic surveys in Angola. Furthermore, most !Xun live scattered on farms, a setting which doesn’t allow for an easy collection of reliable data on language use patterns.",bib1243,yes -3645-speakers-3,3645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000-18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Namibia 9000 [speakers]; Botswana 2000; RSA 3700; Angola 1000 [...] for most areas the numbers of speakers of the !Xun dialect cluster are still preliminary guesses. The main problem with figures for !Xun speakers is the lack of demographic and linguistic surveys in Angola. Furthermore, most !Xun live scattered on farms, a setting which doesn’t allow for an easy collection of reliable data on language use patterns.",bib1243,yes +3645-speaker_number-1,3645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib929,no +3645-speakers-1,3645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000 (\u01c2Kx'au||'ein variety only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib929,no +3645-speakers-2,3645,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000-30000""}",,"Barnard (1992, p32) estimates the !Kung population to be approximately 25,000 to 30,000 people.",bib4869,no +3645-speaker_number-3,3645,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Namibia 9000 [speakers]; Botswana 2000; RSA 3700; Angola 1000 [...] for most areas the numbers of speakers of the !Xun dialect cluster are still preliminary guesses. The main problem with figures for !Xun speakers is the lack of demographic and linguistic surveys in Angola. Furthermore, most !Xun live scattered on farms, a setting which doesn’t allow for an easy collection of reliable data on language use patterns.",bib1252,yes +3645-speakers-3,3645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000-18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Namibia 9000 [speakers]; Botswana 2000; RSA 3700; Angola 1000 [...] for most areas the numbers of speakers of the !Xun dialect cluster are still preliminary guesses. The main problem with figures for !Xun speakers is the lack of demographic and linguistic surveys in Angola. Furthermore, most !Xun live scattered on farms, a setting which doesn’t allow for an easy collection of reliable data on language use patterns.",bib1252,yes 3645-speaker_number-4,3645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,760 in Namibia (2000). Population total all countries: 6,900.",bib67,no 3645-speakers-4,3645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,760 in Namibia (2000). Population total all countries: 6,900.",bib67,no -3645-LEI-1,3645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib925,no -3645-vitality-1,3645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib925,no -3645-LEI-2,3645,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -3645-vitality-2,3645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes +3645-LEI-1,3645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib929,no +3645-vitality-1,3645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib929,no +3645-LEI-2,3645,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +3645-vitality-2,3645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes 3645-LEI-3,3645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3645-vitality-3,3645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -365-context-1,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1683,no -365-context-2,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sherbro, Temne""}",,,bib994,no -365-context-3,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,The more prosaic story is that the Krim have assimilated completely to the Mende by whom they are surrounded – Krim-speaking mothers even speak to their infants in Mende. One mother commented that they speak Mende to their children so that they can suck it down with their milk (Bete Masale 2006 p.c.).,bib1685,no -365-context-4,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,,bib7615,no -365-location-1,365,location,"{""Places"": [""southeastern Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Coastal tidelands of south-eastern Sierra Leone... tiny fishing villages along a remote tidal estuary.""}",,,bib1683,no -365-location-2,365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.2425, -11.9476]]}",,,bib5307,no -365-location-3,365,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the vicinity of Lake Kwako, Lake Baima, and Lame Kamasun."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.302792, -11.985668]]}",,,bib1687,yes -365-location-4,365,location,"{""Description"": ""Today Krim speakers number only a few score, living in isolated hamlets along the tidal estuary of the Waanje, well protected from imposition, at least by land. No roads reach these villages.""}",,,bib1685,no -365-speaker_number-1,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1683,no -365-speakers-1,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1683,no -365-speaker_number-2,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib994,no -365-speakers-2,365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib994,no -365-speaker_number-3,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -365-speakers-3,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -365-speaker_number-4,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number combine both Bom and Krim.,bib1687,yes -365-speakers-4,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number combine both Bom and Krim.,bib1687,yes -365-speaker_number-5,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1685,no -365-speakers-5,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1685,no -365-speaker_number-6,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -365-speakers-6,365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -365-LEI-1,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1683,no -365-vitality-1,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1683,no -365-LEI-2,365,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib994,no -365-vitality-2,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib994,no -365-LEI-3,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -365-vitality-3,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -365-LEI-4,365,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -365-transmission-4,365,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -365-vitality-4,365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1687,yes -365-LEI-5,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -365-vitality-5,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -365-LEI-6,365,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -365-vitality-6,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -3665-location-1,3665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0869, -74.5092]]}",,,bib5307,no +365-context-1,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1695,no +365-context-2,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sherbro, Temne""}",,,bib998,no +365-context-3,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,The more prosaic story is that the Krim have assimilated completely to the Mende by whom they are surrounded – Krim-speaking mothers even speak to their infants in Mende. One mother commented that they speak Mende to their children so that they can suck it down with their milk (Bete Masale 2006 p.c.).,bib1697,no +365-context-4,365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mende""}",,,bib7640,no +365-location-1,365,location,"{""Places"": [""southeastern Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Coastal tidelands of south-eastern Sierra Leone... tiny fishing villages along a remote tidal estuary.""}",,,bib1695,no +365-location-2,365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.2425, -11.9476]]}",,,bib5330,no +365-location-3,365,location,"{""Places"": [""Sierra Leone""], ""Description"": ""Villages in the vicinity of Lake Kwako, Lake Baima, and Lame Kamasun."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.302792, -11.985668]]}",,,bib1699,yes +365-location-4,365,location,"{""Description"": ""Today Krim speakers number only a few score, living in isolated hamlets along the tidal estuary of the Waanje, well protected from imposition, at least by land. No roads reach these villages.""}",,,bib1697,no +365-speaker_number-1,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1695,no +365-speakers-1,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few dozen"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1695,no +365-speaker_number-2,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib998,no +365-speakers-2,365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib998,no +365-speaker_number-3,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +365-speakers-3,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +365-speaker_number-4,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number combine both Bom and Krim.,bib1699,yes +365-speakers-4,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number combine both Bom and Krim.,bib1699,yes +365-speaker_number-5,365,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1697,no +365-speakers-5,365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1697,no +365-speaker_number-6,365,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +365-speakers-6,365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +365-LEI-1,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1695,no +365-vitality-1,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1695,no +365-LEI-2,365,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no +365-vitality-2,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,no +365-LEI-3,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +365-vitality-3,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +365-LEI-4,365,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +365-transmission-4,365,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +365-vitality-4,365,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are only a few hundred, all elderly speakers today. No one under fifty speaks the language.",bib1699,yes +365-LEI-5,365,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +365-vitality-5,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +365-LEI-6,365,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +365-vitality-6,365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +3665-location-1,3665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0869, -74.5092]]}",,,bib5330,no 3665-location-2,3665,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Lake Vacacocha, Napo river, Puerto Elvira.""}",,,bib69,no -3665-location-3,3665,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes -3665-location-4,3665,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The banks of the river Napo, especially around Lake Vacacocha.""}",,,bib8124,no -3665-speaker_number-1,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3665-speakers-1,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3665-speaker_number-2,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language was presumed extinct, but recently Lev Michael a few speakers or semi-speakers.",bib3266,no -3665-speakers-2,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The language was presumed extinct, but recently Lev Michael a few speakers or semi-speakers.",bib3266,no +3665-location-3,3665,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes +3665-location-4,3665,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""The banks of the river Napo, especially around Lake Vacacocha.""}",,,bib8149,no +3665-speaker_number-1,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3665-speakers-1,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3665-speaker_number-2,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The language was presumed extinct, but recently Lev Michael a few speakers or semi-speakers.",bib3282,no +3665-speakers-2,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The language was presumed extinct, but recently Lev Michael a few speakers or semi-speakers.",bib3282,no 3665-speakers-3,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -3665-speakers-4,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2?""}",,"Vacacocha (Aushiri), considered extinct until recently, because all speakers had shifted to Quechua. In the 1930s there were about 25 Vacacocha in the area of Lake Vacacocha and another group of 30–40 in the region of the Tiputini River (Shiripuno River, Ecuador). In 2008, however, Lev Michael located a semi-speaker of Vacacocha in Puerto Elvira on the Napo River. Another speaker apparently lives near Iquitos.",bib1902,yes -3665-speaker_number-5,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Lev Michael (2010) reported the existence of two elderly women who remember some words and phrases of the language.,bib8124,no -3665-speakers-5,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Lev Michael (2010) reported the existence of two elderly women who remember some words and phrases of the language.,bib8124,no -3665-LEI-1,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3665-vitality-1,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3665-LEI-2,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,no -3665-vitality-2,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,no +3665-speakers-4,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2?""}",,"Vacacocha (Aushiri), considered extinct until recently, because all speakers had shifted to Quechua. In the 1930s there were about 25 Vacacocha in the area of Lake Vacacocha and another group of 30–40 in the region of the Tiputini River (Shiripuno River, Ecuador). In 2008, however, Lev Michael located a semi-speaker of Vacacocha in Puerto Elvira on the Napo River. Another speaker apparently lives near Iquitos.",bib1914,yes +3665-speaker_number-5,3665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Lev Michael (2010) reported the existence of two elderly women who remember some words and phrases of the language.,bib8149,no +3665-speakers-5,3665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Lev Michael (2010) reported the existence of two elderly women who remember some words and phrases of the language.,bib8149,no +3665-LEI-1,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3665-vitality-1,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3665-LEI-2,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,no +3665-vitality-2,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,no 3665-LEI-3,3665,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 3665-vitality-3,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -3665-LEI-4,3665,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -3665-vitality-4,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -3665-LEI-5,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,no -3665-vitality-5,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8124,no -3685-context-1,3685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6823,no -3685-context-2,3685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Oromo""}",,,bib6944,no -3685-location-1,3685,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Fragmented areas along Rift Valley in settlements such as Yimlawo, Gusa, Shonke, Berket, Keramba, Mellajillo, Metehara. Villages in the Shonke area where Shewa-Robit Argobba is spoken are the following: Abdelager, Akiager, Goze, Hudad, Kilegirma, K'imbibit, Lench'u-ager, Meriye, T'eyo, T'ak'war, Ts'akolu, and Zehonka. There is only one more village in the Shonke area where Shonke Argobba is spoken: T'olaha.""}",,,bib6823,no +3665-LEI-4,3665,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +3665-vitality-4,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +3665-LEI-5,3665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,no +3665-vitality-5,3665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8149,no +3685-context-1,3685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6847,no +3685-context-2,3685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Oromo""}",,,bib6968,no +3685-location-1,3685,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Fragmented areas along Rift Valley in settlements such as Yimlawo, Gusa, Shonke, Berket, Keramba, Mellajillo, Metehara. Villages in the Shonke area where Shewa-Robit Argobba is spoken are the following: Abdelager, Akiager, Goze, Hudad, Kilegirma, K'imbibit, Lench'u-ager, Meriye, T'eyo, T'ak'war, Ts'akolu, and Zehonka. There is only one more village in the Shonke area where Shonke Argobba is spoken: T'olaha.""}",,,bib6847,no 3685-location-2,3685,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -3685-location-3,3685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5958, 39.9792]]}",,,bib5307,no -3685-location-4,3685,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""...between K\u00e4s\u00e4m and Bork\u00e4nna rivers on the Shoan escarpment.""}",,,bib6944,no -3685-speakers-1,3685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,"In general, we found that the majority of the Argobba citizens of this area do not actually speak Argobba. They speak Amharic instead, and this is their native language... it is a language whose present status neither is 'dead' nor healthily 'alive'—but a 'language' on the verge of extinction.",bib6823,no +3685-location-3,3685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5958, 39.9792]]}",,,bib5330,no +3685-location-4,3685,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""...between K\u00e4s\u00e4m and Bork\u00e4nna rivers on the Shoan escarpment.""}",,,bib6968,no +3685-speakers-1,3685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,"In general, we found that the majority of the Argobba citizens of this area do not actually speak Argobba. They speak Amharic instead, and this is their native language... it is a language whose present status neither is 'dead' nor healthily 'alive'—but a 'language' on the verge of extinction.",bib6847,no 3685-speaker_number-2,3685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3685-speakers-2,3685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62831"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3685-speaker_number-3,3685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3685-speakers-3,3685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3685-speaker_number-3,3685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3685-speakers-3,3685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3685-speaker_number-4,3685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,yes 3685-speakers-4,3685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""62912"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,860"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,yes 3685-speaker_number-5,3685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3685-speakers-5,3685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,860"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3685-LEI-1,3685,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6823,no -3685-transmission-1,3685,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6823,no -3685-speaker_number_trends-1,3685,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6823,no -3685-vitality-1,3685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6823,no +3685-LEI-1,3685,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6847,no +3685-transmission-1,3685,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6847,no +3685-speaker_number_trends-1,3685,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6847,no +3685-vitality-1,3685,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Argobba people of Shewa-Robit and the surrounding areas speak Amharic as their L1, and some of the younger people acquire a 'broken' Argobba from the elderly people. The elderly people themselves are not very confident about their proficiency in Argobba. Some of them remarked that they very often 'mix' Argobba and Amharic. They also said that Amharic predominates over Argobba and that, as a result, they were not able to fully use and maintain Argobba.",bib6847,no 3685-LEI-2,3685,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3685-vitality-2,3685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3685-LEI-3,3685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3685-vitality-3,3685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3685-LEI-3,3685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3685-vitality-3,3685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3685-LEI-4,3685,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 3685-vitality-4,3685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 3685-LEI-5,3685,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -39140,7 +39326,7 @@ assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes 3686-vitality-1,3686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Bogaia [boq] moved into Fembe [agl] territory, dividing them into 2 geographical areas. Language shift reported towards Konai [kxw], Duna [duc], and Kubo [jko], breaking linguistic identity in 3 directions. Oil company work also impacting language shift.",bib68,yes 3686-LEI-2,3686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3686-vitality-2,3686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3690-location-1,3690,location,"{""Places"": [""Ondo State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ondo State, Ekiti LGA, Ajowa, Igashi, and Omou towns"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.762, 5.724]]}",,,bib980,no +3690-location-1,3690,location,"{""Places"": [""Ondo State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ondo State, Ekiti LGA, Ajowa, Igashi, and Omou towns"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.762, 5.724]]}",,,bib984,no 3690-location-2,3690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 3690-speaker_number-1,3690,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 3690-speakers-1,3690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes @@ -39150,55 +39336,55 @@ assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes 3690-vitality-1,3690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3690-LEI-2,3690,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3690-vitality-2,3690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3691-context-1,3691,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in formal domains"", ""Uyghur in daily life with non-Ainu speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Uyghur; Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Uyghur""}",,"Ainu speakers are Muslims who only marry within their own group. Though Ainu belongs to the Iranian languages, it has been heavily influenced by Uyghur which is Turkic due to long term contact.",bib8333,yes -3691-location-1,3691,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of Ainu are Muslims scattering all over the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China (Hotan/Hetian (\u548c\u7530), Yutian (\u4e8e\u95d0), Kargilik/Yecheng (\u8449\u57ce), Yining (\u4f0a\u5be7), and \u00dcr\u00fcmqi (\u70cf\u9b6f\u6728\u9f4a), among others)."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.843, 87.633], [37.887, 77.417], [37.164, 79.941]]}",,,bib8333,yes +3691-context-1,3691,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in formal domains"", ""Uyghur in daily life with non-Ainu speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Uyghur; Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Uyghur""}",,"Ainu speakers are Muslims who only marry within their own group. Though Ainu belongs to the Iranian languages, it has been heavily influenced by Uyghur which is Turkic due to long term contact.",bib8358,yes +3691-location-1,3691,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of Ainu are Muslims scattering all over the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China (Hotan/Hetian (\u548c\u7530), Yutian (\u4e8e\u95d0), Kargilik/Yecheng (\u8449\u57ce), Yining (\u4f0a\u5be7), and \u00dcr\u00fcmqi (\u70cf\u9b6f\u6728\u9f4a), among others)."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.843, 87.633], [37.887, 77.417], [37.164, 79.941]]}",,,bib8358,yes 3691-location-2,3691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.5, 76.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3691-location-3,3691,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no 3691-speaker_number-1,3691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3691-speakers-1,3691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3691-speaker_number-2,3691,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,classified under the Uyghur nationality in China,bib8333,yes -3691-speakers-2,3691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,classified under the Uyghur nationality in China,bib8333,yes +3691-speaker_number-2,3691,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,classified under the Uyghur nationality in China,bib8358,yes +3691-speakers-2,3691,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,classified under the Uyghur nationality in China,bib8358,yes 3691-speakers-3,3691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,570"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib67,no 3691-LEI-1,3691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3691-vitality-1,3691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3691-LEI-2,3691,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8333,yes -3691-domains_of_use-2,3691,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8333,yes -3691-speaker_number_trends-2,3691,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8333,yes -3691-vitality-2,3691,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8333,yes -3692-context-1,3692,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1296,yes -3692-location-1,3692,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 2 villages: Ainbai and Elis.""}",,,bib1296,yes -3692-location-2,3692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1, 141.2]]}",,,bib5307,no +3691-LEI-2,3691,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8358,yes +3691-domains_of_use-2,3691,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8358,yes +3691-speaker_number_trends-2,3691,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8358,yes +3691-vitality-2,3691,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The domain of language use is decreasing since everyone is bilingual in Uyghur which has long been the lingua franca of the Xinjiang region. Plus, Mandarin serves as the medium of education and the official language of China.",bib8358,yes +3692-context-1,3692,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], English [eng]""}",,,bib1305,yes +3692-location-1,3692,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West Sepik Province [Sandaun Province]: Vanimo district: Bewani sub-district: 2 villages: Ainbai and Elis.""}",,,bib1305,yes +3692-location-2,3692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.1, 141.2]]}",,,bib5330,no 3692-location-3,3692,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Vanimo district, south of Bewani station. 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -3692-speaker_number-1,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,1979,bib1296,yes -3692-speakers-1,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,1979,bib1296,yes -3692-speaker_number-2,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3692-speakers-2,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3692-speaker_number-1,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,1979,bib1305,yes +3692-speakers-1,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,1979,bib1305,yes +3692-speaker_number-2,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3692-speakers-2,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3692-speaker_number-3,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3692-speakers-3,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no 3692-speaker_number-4,3692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3692-speakers-4,3692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3692-LEI-1,3692,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1296,yes -3692-domains_of_use-1,3692,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1296,yes -3692-vitality-1,3692,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1296,yes -3692-LEI-2,3692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3692-vitality-2,3692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3692-LEI-1,3692,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1305,yes +3692-domains_of_use-1,3692,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1305,yes +3692-vitality-1,3692,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1305,yes +3692-LEI-2,3692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3692-vitality-2,3692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3692-LEI-3,3692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3692-vitality-3,3692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 3692-LEI-4,3692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3692-vitality-4,3692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3693-location-1,3693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.57310489, 141.8691543]]}",,,bib1182,no +3693-location-1,3693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.57310489, 141.8691543]]}",,,bib1191,no 3693-location-2,3693,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3693-speaker_number-1,3693,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3693-speakers-1,3693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3693-speaker_number-2,3693,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3693-speakers-2,3693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3693-speaker_number-2,3693,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3693-speakers-2,3693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3693-speaker_number-3,3693,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3693-speakers-3,3693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3693-speakers-4,3693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 3693-LEI-1,3693,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3693-vitality-1,3693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3693-LEI-2,3693,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3693-vitality-2,3693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3693-LEI-2,3693,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3693-vitality-2,3693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3693-LEI-3,3693,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3693-vitality-3,3693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3693-LEI-4,3693,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no @@ -39208,18 +39394,18 @@ assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes ""High internal prestige is found in Siamatai where the language is still vital. Low internal prestige and faint sentimental attachments to the language are resulting in ongoing language shift in Niuniuiai and completed language shift in Natamou."" -""...[M]ales and females of each age group are actively bilingual in Bariai, Maleu-Kilenge, and Tok Pisin.",bib5762,yes +""...[M]ales and females of each age group are actively bilingual in Bariai, Maleu-Kilenge, and Tok Pisin.",bib5786,yes 3694-location-1,3694,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain Province, northwest coast, Siamatai, Niuniuai, Kaugo, Anepmate, and Waramasalai villages.""}",,,bib69,no 3694-location-2,3694,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""West New Britain: villages of Siamatai, Niuniuiai, and Natamou."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.51655, 148.765182], [-5.48511, 148.676949], [-5.533295, 148.588715]]}",,"There are three Amara villages: Siamatai, Niuniuiai, and Natamou. Natamou is located ten kilometres east of the nearest government station, Cape Gloucester; Siamatai is located 40 kilometres east of the government station; and Niuniuiai is located between Natamou and Siamatai. The Amara language area is about 150 kilometres west of Kimbe, the closest population centre."" -""All three Amara villages are located closer to either Bariai or Maleu-Kilenge villages than they are to each other.",bib5762,yes +""All three Amara villages are located closer to either Bariai or Maleu-Kilenge villages than they are to each other.",bib5786,yes 3694-location-3,3694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.66666666667, 148.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3694-speaker_number-1,3694,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3694-speakers-1,3694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3694-speaker_number-2,3694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 3694-speakers-2,3694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -3694-speaker_number-3,3694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"For a total population count, the team combined the projected population for Siamatai (139) with the reported population for Niuniuiai (42) and Natamou (50), due to the confidence with which interviewees gave the population estimate in Niuniuiai and the large discrepancy between the projected population and the reported population in Natamou.",bib5762,yes -3694-speakers-3,3694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"For a total population count, the team combined the projected population for Siamatai (139) with the reported population for Niuniuiai (42) and Natamou (50), due to the confidence with which interviewees gave the population estimate in Niuniuiai and the large discrepancy between the projected population and the reported population in Natamou.",bib5762,yes +3694-speaker_number-3,3694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"For a total population count, the team combined the projected population for Siamatai (139) with the reported population for Niuniuiai (42) and Natamou (50), due to the confidence with which interviewees gave the population estimate in Niuniuiai and the large discrepancy between the projected population and the reported population in Natamou.",bib5786,yes +3694-speakers-3,3694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""231"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"For a total population count, the team combined the projected population for Siamatai (139) with the reported population for Niuniuiai (42) and Natamou (50), due to the confidence with which interviewees gave the population estimate in Niuniuiai and the large discrepancy between the projected population and the reported population in Natamou.",bib5786,yes 3694-LEI-1,3694,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3694-vitality-1,3694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3694-LEI-2,3694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no @@ -39230,99 +39416,99 @@ assimilated into neighboring speech communities. Word list.",bib3262,yes ""In Niuniuiai... [t]here are no domains that are reserved for Amara only. Each event that happens in the home or village, including the organisation of cultural events, is mixed between Amara and Bariai."" -""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5762,yes +""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5786,yes 3694-transmission-3,3694,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Children in Siamatai are taught Amara early and encouraged to use it frequently. Children [in Niuniuai and Natamou] do not learn Amara early and are not placed in environments where Amara language use would be practically beneficial to them, with a result of very low or no language use."" ""Amara dominates the domains of language use in Siamatai. The people reported that arguing, joking, and planning cultural events centred on weddings and funerals are only conducted in Amara."" ""In Niuniuiai... [t]here are no domains that are reserved for Amara only. Each event that happens in the home or village, including the organisation of cultural events, is mixed between Amara and Bariai."" -""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5762,yes +""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5786,yes 3694-domains_of_use-3,3694,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Children in Siamatai are taught Amara early and encouraged to use it frequently. Children [in Niuniuai and Natamou] do not learn Amara early and are not placed in environments where Amara language use would be practically beneficial to them, with a result of very low or no language use."" ""Amara dominates the domains of language use in Siamatai. The people reported that arguing, joking, and planning cultural events centred on weddings and funerals are only conducted in Amara."" ""In Niuniuiai... [t]here are no domains that are reserved for Amara only. Each event that happens in the home or village, including the organisation of cultural events, is mixed between Amara and Bariai."" -""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5762,yes +""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5786,yes 3694-speaker_number_trends-3,3694,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Children in Siamatai are taught Amara early and encouraged to use it frequently. Children [in Niuniuai and Natamou] do not learn Amara early and are not placed in environments where Amara language use would be practically beneficial to them, with a result of very low or no language use."" ""Amara dominates the domains of language use in Siamatai. The people reported that arguing, joking, and planning cultural events centred on weddings and funerals are only conducted in Amara."" ""In Niuniuiai... [t]here are no domains that are reserved for Amara only. Each event that happens in the home or village, including the organisation of cultural events, is mixed between Amara and Bariai."" -""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5762,yes +""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5786,yes 3694-vitality-3,3694,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children in Siamatai are taught Amara early and encouraged to use it frequently. Children [in Niuniuai and Natamou] do not learn Amara early and are not placed in environments where Amara language use would be practically beneficial to them, with a result of very low or no language use."" ""Amara dominates the domains of language use in Siamatai. The people reported that arguing, joking, and planning cultural events centred on weddings and funerals are only conducted in Amara."" ""In Niuniuiai... [t]here are no domains that are reserved for Amara only. Each event that happens in the home or village, including the organisation of cultural events, is mixed between Amara and Bariai."" -""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5762,yes -3697-context-1,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish; Hebrew""}",,,bib5404,no -3697-context-2,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Kurdish""}",,,bib6189,no -3697-context-3,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Hebrew; Arabic; Kurdish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The contacts between the Arabic-speaking Jews and those whose vernacular was Aramaic resulted in a high degree of bilingualism. Many of the Arabic-speaking Jews of Arbel had Aramaic-speaking family relations in both the town and in the surrounding villages. They also had close professional contacts with the Aramaic-speaking Jews. On account of this, the Jews in Arbel whose first language was Arabic often spoke the local Aramaic dialect fluently. The Jews of Arbel and the surrounding area generally also spoke Kurdish.",bib4127,yes -3697-context-4,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew; Arabic""}",,,bib6436,no -3697-location-1,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Today (2003), 52 years after their immigration to Israel, most of the Koyne live in the cooperative villages of Shtula, Elqosh (both in Galilee) and Noga (in the Negev); and in the towns of Nahariyya, Ashqelon, Ashdod, and Bat-Yam.""}",,,bib5404,no +""In Natamou, all home and village domains are conducted in Maleu-Kilenge.",bib5786,yes +3697-context-1,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish; Hebrew""}",,,bib5427,no +3697-context-2,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Kurdish""}",,,bib6213,no +3697-context-3,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Hebrew; Arabic; Kurdish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The contacts between the Arabic-speaking Jews and those whose vernacular was Aramaic resulted in a high degree of bilingualism. Many of the Arabic-speaking Jews of Arbel had Aramaic-speaking family relations in both the town and in the surrounding villages. They also had close professional contacts with the Aramaic-speaking Jews. On account of this, the Jews in Arbel whose first language was Arabic often spoke the local Aramaic dialect fluently. The Jews of Arbel and the surrounding area generally also spoke Kurdish.",bib4147,yes +3697-context-4,3697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew; Arabic""}",,,bib6460,no +3697-location-1,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Today (2003), 52 years after their immigration to Israel, most of the Koyne live in the cooperative villages of Shtula, Elqosh (both in Galilee) and Noga (in the Negev); and in the towns of Nahariyya, Ashqelon, Ashdod, and Bat-Yam.""}",,,bib5427,no 3697-location-2,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel"", ""Iraq""]}",,,bib67,no -3697-location-3,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan"", ""Israel""]}",,,bib6189,no -3697-location-4,3697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1128, 44.033]]}",,,bib3725,no -3697-location-5,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Mesopotamian region for over 2,000 years...spoken by Jewish communities in various areas of Kurdistan. All of these communities have now left Kurdistan and settled, for the most part, in Israel.""}",,,bib4127,yes -3697-location-6,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""\""The [Arbel] dialect... was spoken by Jews in the region of Arbel... seventy-seven kilometers east of Maws\u031eil.\"" Many speakers emigrated to Israel in the mid-20th century.""}",,,bib4132,no -3697-location-7,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Kurdistan, Israel""]}",,,bib6436,no -3697-location-8,3697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7188, 34.7772]]}",,,bib5307,no +3697-location-3,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan"", ""Israel""]}",,,bib6213,no +3697-location-4,3697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1128, 44.033]]}",,,bib3744,no +3697-location-5,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the Mesopotamian region for over 2,000 years...spoken by Jewish communities in various areas of Kurdistan. All of these communities have now left Kurdistan and settled, for the most part, in Israel.""}",,,bib4147,yes +3697-location-6,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Israel""], ""Description"": ""\""The [Arbel] dialect... was spoken by Jews in the region of Arbel... seventy-seven kilometers east of Maws\u031eil.\"" Many speakers emigrated to Israel in the mid-20th century.""}",,,bib4152,no +3697-location-7,3697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Kurdistan, Israel""]}",,,bib6460,no +3697-location-8,3697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7188, 34.7772]]}",,,bib5330,no 3697-speaker_number-1,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,250 (1994 H. Mutzafi)",bib67,no 3697-speakers-1,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,250 (1994 H. Mutzafi)",bib67,no -3697-speaker_number-2,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4127,yes -3697-speakers-2,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4127,yes -3697-speakers-3,3697,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1991-1994""}",,,bib4132,no -3697-speaker_number-4,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3697-speakers-4,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3697-speaker_number-2,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4147,yes +3697-speakers-2,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4147,yes +3697-speakers-3,3697,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1991-1994""}",,,bib4152,no +3697-speaker_number-4,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3697-speakers-4,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3697-speaker_number-5,3697,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3697-speakers-5,3697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3697-LEI-1,3697,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3697-vitality-1,3697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3697-LEI-3,3697,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4127,yes -3697-transmission-3,3697,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4127,yes -3697-speaker_number_trends-3,3697,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4127,yes -3697-vitality-3,3697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4127,yes -3697-LEI-4,3697,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4132,no -3697-transmission-4,3697,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4132,no -3697-vitality-4,3697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4132,no -3697-LEI-6,3697,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3697-vitality-6,3697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3697-LEI-3,3697,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4147,yes +3697-transmission-3,3697,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4147,yes +3697-speaker_number_trends-3,3697,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4147,yes +3697-vitality-3,3697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Knowledge of the dialects is quickly fading in these immigrant communities and they have been widely supplanted by Modern Hebrew, especially among the younger generations, who are generally unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction.",bib4147,yes +3697-LEI-4,3697,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4152,no +3697-transmission-4,3697,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4152,no +3697-vitality-4,3697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The knowledge of Aramaic among the immigrant communities in Israel is quickly fading, especially among the younger generations, who generally are unable to speak the dialects at all. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects, therefore, are approaching extinction... Most of the Jews who were residents of the town of Arbel spoke Arabic as their first language.",bib4152,no +3697-LEI-6,3697,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3697-vitality-6,3697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3697-LEI-7,3697,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3697-vitality-7,3697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3698-context-1,3698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive""}",,,bib1012,yes +3698-context-1,3698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mostly positive""}",,,bib1016,yes 3698-location-1,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -3698-location-2,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nassarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Ake live in four villages northeast of Lafia town in Lafia LGA, Nassarawa State, in Central Nigeria. The villages are reached from a track going north from the Lafia-Shendam road, turning at Ashige some 37 km. east of Lafia. Ugah is 20 km. along the track and the other villages are a few kilometres beyond that. These villages are Ugah, Gweyaka, Alingani and Kiguna. Some Ake people have recently moved to a new settlement, Sabongida, close to an irrigation scheme. The four villages have distinct migration histories and are not regarded as hamlets of Ugah. Ugah is by far the largest settlement, but has a very mixed population, including Mada, Eggon, Seyawa and others. The other villages are regarded as more purely Ake."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.94748, 8.835342]]}",,,bib1012,yes -3698-location-3,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gwayaka""}",,,bib7838,no -3698-location-4,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Lafia Division, Assaikio District""}",,,bib6944,no -3698-location-5,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nassarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nassarawa State, Lafia LGA""}",,,bib980,no +3698-location-2,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nassarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Ake live in four villages northeast of Lafia town in Lafia LGA, Nassarawa State, in Central Nigeria. The villages are reached from a track going north from the Lafia-Shendam road, turning at Ashige some 37 km. east of Lafia. Ugah is 20 km. along the track and the other villages are a few kilometres beyond that. These villages are Ugah, Gweyaka, Alingani and Kiguna. Some Ake people have recently moved to a new settlement, Sabongida, close to an irrigation scheme. The four villages have distinct migration histories and are not regarded as hamlets of Ugah. Ugah is by far the largest settlement, but has a very mixed population, including Mada, Eggon, Seyawa and others. The other villages are regarded as more purely Ake."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.94748, 8.835342]]}",,,bib1016,yes +3698-location-3,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gwayaka""}",,,bib7863,no +3698-location-4,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Lafia Division, Assaikio District""}",,,bib6968,no +3698-location-5,3698,location,"{""Places"": [""Nassarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nassarawa State, Lafia LGA""}",,,bib984,no 3698-speaker_number-1,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3698-speakers-1,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3698-speaker_number-2,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1012,yes -3698-speakers-2,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1012,yes +3698-speaker_number-2,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1016,yes +3698-speakers-2,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1016,yes 3698-speaker_number-3,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3698-speakers-3,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3698-speaker_number-4,3698,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -3698-speakers-4,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -3698-speaker_number-5,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker number listed is a more recent estimate; a 1925 estimate from a different author cited in the source lists 354 speakers.,bib980,no -3698-speakers-5,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker number listed is a more recent estimate; a 1925 estimate from a different author cited in the source lists 354 speakers.,bib980,no +3698-speaker_number-4,3698,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +3698-speakers-4,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +3698-speaker_number-5,3698,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker number listed is a more recent estimate; a 1925 estimate from a different author cited in the source lists 354 speakers.,bib984,no +3698-speakers-5,3698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker number listed is a more recent estimate; a 1925 estimate from a different author cited in the source lists 354 speakers.,bib984,no 3698-LEI-1,3698,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3698-vitality-1,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3698-LEI-2,3698,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In general, Ake still seems to be spoken generally among the people of the four villages. Elders in Ugah complain that more and more of the children there are speaking Hausa, which is to be expected in such a multilingual community. Nonetheless, it seemed that Ake was still widely understood by young people, so the language is probably not unduly threatened. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that there are more than 2000 speakers, -so complacency is not in order.",bib1012,yes +so complacency is not in order.",bib1016,yes 3698-transmission-2,3698,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In general, Ake still seems to be spoken generally among the people of the four villages. Elders in Ugah complain that more and more of the children there are speaking Hausa, which is to be expected in such a multilingual community. Nonetheless, it seemed that Ake was still widely understood by young people, so the language is probably not unduly threatened. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that there are more than 2000 speakers, -so complacency is not in order.",bib1012,yes +so complacency is not in order.",bib1016,yes 3698-vitality-2,3698,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In general, Ake still seems to be spoken generally among the people of the four villages. Elders in Ugah complain that more and more of the children there are speaking Hausa, which is to be expected in such a multilingual community. Nonetheless, it seemed that Ake was still widely understood by young people, so the language is probably not unduly threatened. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that there are more than 2000 speakers, -so complacency is not in order.",bib1012,yes +so complacency is not in order.",bib1016,yes 3698-LEI-3,3698,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3698-vitality-3,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3698-LEI-4,3698,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3698-vitality-4,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -3698-LEI-5,3698,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -3698-vitality-5,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +3698-LEI-4,3698,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3698-vitality-4,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +3698-LEI-5,3698,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +3698-vitality-5,3698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 3699-location-1,3699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.69, 142.66]]}",,,bib75,no 3699-location-2,3699,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.751896, 142.745361]]}",,,bib67,yes 3699-speaker_number-1,3699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -39333,18 +39519,18 @@ so complacency is not in order.",bib1012,yes 3699-vitality-1,3699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3699-LEI-2,3699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3699-vitality-2,3699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3700-location-1,3700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4971, 93.6145]]}",,,bib5307,no +3700-location-1,3700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4971, 93.6145]]}",,,bib5330,no 3700-location-2,3700,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur state, Chandel District, Unapal, Satu, Kumbirei, Chingunghut, Aimol Tampak, Khodamphai, Ngairong Aimol, Chandonpokpi, Soibong (Khudengthabi), Khomayai (Khunjai); Senapati District, Tuikhong; Churachandpur District, Luichungbum (Louchulbung); Bishnupur District, Kha-Aimol; Assam state""}",,,bib67,no 3700-speaker_number-1,3700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,yes 3700-speakers-1,3700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,yes -3700-speaker_number-2,3700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3700-speakers-2,3700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,643"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3700-speaker_number-2,3700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3700-speakers-2,3700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,643"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3700-speakers-3,3700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 3700-LEI-1,3700,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 3700-domains_of_use-1,3700,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,yes 3700-vitality-1,3700,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,yes -3700-LEI-2,3700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3700-vitality-2,3700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3700-LEI-2,3700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3700-vitality-2,3700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3701-location-1,3701,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, Jayawijaya regency, Kurima subdistrict, Burumakok village.""}",,,bib69,yes 3701-location-2,3701,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.12, 140.03]]}",,,bib75,no 3701-speaker_number-1,3701,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no @@ -39355,422 +39541,422 @@ so complacency is not in order.",bib1012,yes 3701-vitality-1,3701,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3701-LEI-2,3701,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 3701-vitality-2,3701,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -3703-location-1,3703,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6136, 25.2465]]}",,,bib5307,no +3703-location-1,3703,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6136, 25.2465]]}",,,bib5330,no 3703-location-2,3703,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.33333333333, 25.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3703-location-3,3703,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3703-speaker_number-1,3703,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3703-speakers-1,3703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3703-speaker_number-1,3703,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3703-speakers-1,3703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3703-speaker_number-2,3703,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3703-speakers-2,3703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3703-speaker_number-3,3703,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 3703-speakers-3,3703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -3703-LEI-1,3703,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3703-vitality-1,3703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3703-LEI-1,3703,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3703-vitality-1,3703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3703-LEI-2,3703,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3703-vitality-2,3703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3703-LEI-3,3703,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3703-vitality-3,3703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3705-location-1,3705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8795, 10.0634]]}",,,bib5307,no +3705-location-1,3705,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8795, 10.0634]]}",,,bib5330,no 3705-location-2,3705,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Spain"", ""Tunisia"", ""France"", ""Israel"", ""Italy""]}",,,bib67,yes -3705-speaker_number-1,3705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3705-speakers-1,3705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3705-speaker_number-1,3705,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3705-speakers-1,3705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3705-speaker_number-2,3705,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3705-speakers-2,3705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3705-speaker_number-3,3705,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 3705-speakers-3,3705,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""352,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes -3705-LEI-1,3705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3705-vitality-1,3705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3705-LEI-1,3705,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3705-vitality-1,3705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3705-LEI-2,3705,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3705-vitality-2,3705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3705-LEI-3,3705,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3705-vitality-3,3705,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3725-location-1,3725,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Well off the beaten track there lies in the Southern Province of the Northern Territories the curious village of Butie\u2026.Butie is the last survivor of a group of villages where long ago there dwelt the people called by themselves Mpre.""}",,,bib1007,yes -3725-speakers-1,3725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known fluent speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,5 rememberers,bib1007,yes -3725-LEI-1,3725,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1007,yes -3725-vitality-1,3725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1007,yes -3745-context-1,3745,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nafaanra"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1005,yes -3745-location-1,3745,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""The Dompo live in a settlement adjacent to the main town of the Nafaanra people, Banda, Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana [...] Banda is reached from Wenchi by going northwards from the main road to Bondoukou in Cote d'Ivoire and is still south of the Black Volta."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.150236, -2.363097]]}",,,bib1005,yes +3725-location-1,3725,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Well off the beaten track there lies in the Southern Province of the Northern Territories the curious village of Butie\u2026.Butie is the last survivor of a group of villages where long ago there dwelt the people called by themselves Mpre.""}",,,bib1011,yes +3725-speakers-1,3725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known fluent speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,5 rememberers,bib1011,yes +3725-LEI-1,3725,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1011,yes +3725-vitality-1,3725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1011,yes +3745-context-1,3745,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nafaanra"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1009,yes +3745-location-1,3745,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""The Dompo live in a settlement adjacent to the main town of the Nafaanra people, Banda, Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana [...] Banda is reached from Wenchi by going northwards from the main road to Bondoukou in Cote d'Ivoire and is still south of the Black Volta."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.150236, -2.363097]]}",,,bib1009,yes 3745-location-2,3745,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""]}",,,bib67,no 3745-speaker_number-1,3745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3745-speakers-1,3745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3745-speaker_number-2,3745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1005,yes -3745-speakers-2,3745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1005,yes +3745-speaker_number-2,3745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1009,yes +3745-speakers-2,3745,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1009,yes 3745-speaker_number-3,3745,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3745-speakers-3,3745,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""965"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 3745-LEI-1,3745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3745-vitality-1,3745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3745-LEI-2,3745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dompo is spoken by ten households, all of whom are also fluent in Nafaanra. All members of these households seem to have some command of the -language, but whether it will be transmitted to the next generation in more than an attenuated form is open to doubt. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that it has ever been spoken by many people and bilingualism in Nafaanra must long have been a feature of the community. There are presently some 60-70 people with some command of the language and perhaps 10 who can recall obscure lexical items.",bib1005,yes +language, but whether it will be transmitted to the next generation in more than an attenuated form is open to doubt. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that it has ever been spoken by many people and bilingualism in Nafaanra must long have been a feature of the community. There are presently some 60-70 people with some command of the language and perhaps 10 who can recall obscure lexical items.",bib1009,yes 3745-vitality-2,3745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Dompo is spoken by ten households, all of whom are also fluent in Nafaanra. All members of these households seem to have some command of the -language, but whether it will be transmitted to the next generation in more than an attenuated form is open to doubt. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that it has ever been spoken by many people and bilingualism in Nafaanra must long have been a feature of the community. There are presently some 60-70 people with some command of the language and perhaps 10 who can recall obscure lexical items.",bib1005,yes +language, but whether it will be transmitted to the next generation in more than an attenuated form is open to doubt. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that it has ever been spoken by many people and bilingualism in Nafaanra must long have been a feature of the community. There are presently some 60-70 people with some command of the language and perhaps 10 who can recall obscure lexical items.",bib1009,yes 3745-LEI-3,3745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3745-vitality-3,3745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3765-context-1,3765,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole, Aboriginal languages, English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The ethnic group speaks mainly Torres Strait Creole (or Broken), and most of them are bilingual in other Aboriginal languages, English, or the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol. All this puts pressure on Kunjen...",bib5309,yes +3765-context-1,3765,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole, Aboriginal languages, English, Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The ethnic group speaks mainly Torres Strait Creole (or Broken), and most of them are bilingual in other Aboriginal languages, English, or the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol. All this puts pressure on Kunjen...",bib5332,yes 3765-location-1,3765,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3765-location-2,3765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.54391507, 143.0454776]]}",,,bib1182,no -3765-location-3,3765,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula, at Wrotham Park, Kowanyama, Edward River.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +3765-location-2,3765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.54391507, 143.0454776]]}",,,bib1191,no +3765-location-3,3765,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula, at Wrotham Park, Kowanyama, Edward River.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 3765-speaker_number-1,3765,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,20 (1991 B. Sommer). 40 with some knowledge. Ethnic population: 300 (1991 Bruce Sommer).,bib67,no 3765-speakers-1,3765,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""40""}",,20 (1991 B. Sommer). 40 with some knowledge. Ethnic population: 300 (1991 Bruce Sommer).,bib67,no 3765-speaker_number-2,3765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3765-speakers-2,3765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3765-speaker_number-3,3765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3765-speakers-3,3765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3765-speaker_number-3,3765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3765-speakers-3,3765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3765-speaker_number-4,3765,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3765-speakers-4,3765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3765-speaker_number-5,3765,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, 20 to 25 fluent speakers and forty with some knowledge of the language were reported out of about 300 in the ethnic group.",bib5309,yes -3765-speakers-5,3765,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""40""}",,"In 1991, 20 to 25 fluent speakers and forty with some knowledge of the language were reported out of about 300 in the ethnic group.",bib5309,yes +3765-speaker_number-5,3765,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, 20 to 25 fluent speakers and forty with some knowledge of the language were reported out of about 300 in the ethnic group.",bib5332,yes +3765-speakers-5,3765,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""40""}",,"In 1991, 20 to 25 fluent speakers and forty with some knowledge of the language were reported out of about 300 in the ethnic group.",bib5332,yes 3765-LEI-1,3765,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3765-vitality-1,3765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3765-LEI-2,3765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3765-vitality-2,3765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3765-LEI-3,3765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3765-vitality-3,3765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3765-LEI-3,3765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3765-vitality-3,3765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3765-LEI-4,3765,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3765-vitality-4,3765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3765-LEI-5,3765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3765-transmission-5,3765,transmission,5,transmission-5,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3765-domains_of_use-5,3765,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3765-speaker_number_trends-5,3765,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3765-vitality-5,3765,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -3785-context-1,3785,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Torres Strait Creole (or Broken), which is the language of most children today.",bib5309,yes +3765-LEI-5,3765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3765-transmission-5,3765,transmission,5,transmission-5,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3765-domains_of_use-5,3765,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3765-speaker_number_trends-5,3765,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3765-vitality-5,3765,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Some literacy in it. ...has been losing speakers since 1991. It is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +3785-context-1,3785,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers are bilingual in Torres Strait Creole (or Broken), which is the language of most children today.",bib5332,yes 3785-location-1,3785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3785-location-2,3785,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.610572, 143.136956]]}",,,bib7945,no -3785-location-3,3785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Queensland, northeastern Cape York Peninsula, south of Temple Bay.""}",,,bib5309,yes -3785-speaker_number-1,3785,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -3785-speakers-1,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +3785-location-2,3785,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.610572, 143.136956]]}",,,bib7970,no +3785-location-3,3785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Queensland, northeastern Cape York Peninsula, south of Temple Bay.""}",,,bib5332,yes +3785-speaker_number-1,3785,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +3785-speakers-1,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 3785-speaker_number-2,3785,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib67,no 3785-speakers-2,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib67,no 3785-speaker_number-3,3785,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3785-speakers-3,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3785-speaker_number-4,3785,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3785-speakers-4,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3785-speaker_number-4,3785,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3785-speakers-4,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3785-speaker_number-5,3785,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3785-speakers-5,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3785-speaker_number-6,3785,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib5309,yes -3785-speakers-6,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib5309,yes -3785-LEI-1,3785,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3785-vitality-1,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3785-speaker_number-6,3785,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib5332,yes +3785-speakers-6,3785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, about 100 speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib5332,yes +3785-LEI-1,3785,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3785-vitality-1,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3785-LEI-2,3785,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3785-vitality-2,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3785-LEI-3,3785,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3785-vitality-3,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3785-LEI-4,3785,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3785-vitality-4,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3785-LEI-4,3785,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3785-vitality-4,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3785-LEI-5,3785,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3785-vitality-5,3785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3785-LEI-6,3785,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5309,yes -3785-transmission-6,3785,transmission,4,transmission-4,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5309,yes -3785-domains_of_use-6,3785,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5309,yes -3785-speaker_number_trends-6,3785,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5309,yes -3785-vitality-6,3785,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5309,yes -3786-context-1,3786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Aboriginal English is taking over generally.,bib5309,no +3785-LEI-6,3785,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5332,yes +3785-transmission-6,3785,transmission,4,transmission-4,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5332,yes +3785-domains_of_use-6,3785,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5332,yes +3785-speaker_number_trends-6,3785,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5332,yes +3785-vitality-6,3785,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Kuku-Ya'u is endangered.,bib5332,yes +3786-context-1,3786,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Aboriginal English is taking over generally.,bib5332,no 3786-location-1,3786,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3786-location-2,3786,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.588, 127.534]]}",,,bib1182,no -3786-location-3,3786,location,"{""Description"": ""Northern Kimberley region of Western Australia, on the western side of the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, in the region between the Forrest River and Drysdale River""}",,,bib5050,yes -3786-location-4,3786,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, coastal western Kimberley area, at Kalumburu.""]}",,,bib5309,no +3786-location-2,3786,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.588, 127.534]]}",,,bib1191,no +3786-location-3,3786,location,"{""Description"": ""Northern Kimberley region of Western Australia, on the western side of the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, in the region between the Forrest River and Drysdale River""}",,,bib5072,yes +3786-location-4,3786,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, coastal western Kimberley area, at Kalumburu.""]}",,,bib5332,no 3786-speaker_number-1,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3786-speakers-1,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983 (Black)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 3786-speaker_number-2,3786,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3786-speakers-2,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3786-speaker_number-3,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3786-speakers-3,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3786-speaker_number-4,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5050,yes -3786-speakers-4,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5050,yes -3786-speaker_number-5,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1979, fifty or more speakers were reported. Children used to know something of the language, but most of them spoke Aboriginal English as their first language. The latter is now universally the case... The number of Kwini speakers has dropped very much.",bib5309,no -3786-speakers-5,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1979, fifty or more speakers were reported. Children used to know something of the language, but most of them spoke Aboriginal English as their first language. The latter is now universally the case... The number of Kwini speakers has dropped very much.",bib5309,no +3786-speaker_number-4,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5072,yes +3786-speakers-4,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5072,yes +3786-speaker_number-5,3786,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1979, fifty or more speakers were reported. Children used to know something of the language, but most of them spoke Aboriginal English as their first language. The latter is now universally the case... The number of Kwini speakers has dropped very much.",bib5332,no +3786-speakers-5,3786,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1979, fifty or more speakers were reported. Children used to know something of the language, but most of them spoke Aboriginal English as their first language. The latter is now universally the case... The number of Kwini speakers has dropped very much.",bib5332,no 3786-LEI-1,3786,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3786-vitality-1,3786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3786-LEI-2,3786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3786-vitality-2,3786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3786-LEI-3,3786,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3786-vitality-3,3786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3786-LEI-4,3786,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5050,yes -3786-transmission-4,3786,transmission,3,transmission-3,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5050,yes -3786-vitality-4,3786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5050,yes -3786-LEI-5,3786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3786-transmission-5,3786,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3786-domains_of_use-5,3786,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3786-speaker_number_trends-5,3786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3786-vitality-5,3786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5309,no -3787-context-1,3787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The speakers use more English than Lardil, a tendencey which has been increasing over the years because the missionaries had been discouraging the use of the language.",bib5309,yes +3786-LEI-4,3786,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5072,yes +3786-transmission-4,3786,transmission,3,transmission-3,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5072,yes +3786-vitality-4,3786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children are no longer learning Gunin as their mother tongue,bib5072,yes +3786-LEI-5,3786,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3786-transmission-5,3786,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3786-domains_of_use-5,3786,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3786-speaker_number_trends-5,3786,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3786-vitality-5,3786,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is now seriously endangered.,bib5332,no +3787-context-1,3787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"The speakers use more English than Lardil, a tendencey which has been increasing over the years because the missionaries had been discouraging the use of the language.",bib5332,yes 3787-location-1,3787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3787-location-2,3787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.53360037, 139.4069131]]}",,,bib1182,no -3787-location-3,3787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Mornington Island; Denham Island; Sydney Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.512466, 139.405662]]}",,"Lardil people are now concentrated on Mornington Island, one of the Wellesley group, at the southern extreme of the Gulf of Carpentaria, North Queensland. Tindale 1974 has Mornington, and the Denham Island shore directly acros Appel Channel, as the traditional territory of the Lardil. However, Sydney Island is also said to have been a part of it.",bib3231,no -3787-location-4,3787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northeastern Queensland, on Mornington Island in the southeastern corner of the Gulf of Carpentaria.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -3787-speaker_number-1,3787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3787-speakers-1,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -3787-speakers-2,3787,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996""}",,"The language is now spoken by considerably fewer people [than in the 1960s], the youngest of which are in their early fifties.",bib6263,no +3787-location-2,3787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.53360037, 139.4069131]]}",,,bib1191,no +3787-location-3,3787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Mornington Island; Denham Island; Sydney Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.512466, 139.405662]]}",,"Lardil people are now concentrated on Mornington Island, one of the Wellesley group, at the southern extreme of the Gulf of Carpentaria, North Queensland. Tindale 1974 has Mornington, and the Denham Island shore directly acros Appel Channel, as the traditional territory of the Lardil. However, Sydney Island is also said to have been a part of it.",bib3246,no +3787-location-4,3787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northeastern Queensland, on Mornington Island in the southeastern corner of the Gulf of Carpentaria.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +3787-speaker_number-1,3787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3787-speakers-1,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +3787-speakers-2,3787,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996""}",,"The language is now spoken by considerably fewer people [than in the 1960s], the youngest of which are in their early fifties.",bib6287,no 3787-speaker_number-3,3787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 3787-speakers-3,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 3787-speaker_number-4,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3787-speakers-4,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3787-speaker_number-5,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3787-speakers-5,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3787-speaker_number-5,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3787-speakers-5,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3787-speaker_number-6,3787,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3787-speakers-6,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3787-speaker_number-7,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of Lardil speakers is not known. It is probably not in excess of fifty, and when Hale visited Mornington Island in 1960, fluent speakers of Lardil were in their forties or older.",bib3231,no -3787-speakers-7,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of Lardil speakers is not known. It is probably not in excess of fifty, and when Hale visited Mornington Island in 1960, fluent speakers of Lardil were in their forties or older.",bib3231,no -3787-speaker_number-8,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Children do not know the language. There are now only three to four full speakers left, but more semi-speakers.",bib5309,yes -3787-speakers-8,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": "">5""}",,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Children do not know the language. There are now only three to four full speakers left, but more semi-speakers.",bib5309,yes -3787-LEI-1,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3787-vitality-1,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -3787-LEI-2,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6263,no -3787-transmission-2,3787,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6263,no -3787-vitality-2,3787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6263,no +3787-speaker_number-7,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of Lardil speakers is not known. It is probably not in excess of fifty, and when Hale visited Mornington Island in 1960, fluent speakers of Lardil were in their forties or older.",bib3246,no +3787-speakers-7,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of Lardil speakers is not known. It is probably not in excess of fifty, and when Hale visited Mornington Island in 1960, fluent speakers of Lardil were in their forties or older.",bib3246,no +3787-speaker_number-8,3787,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Children do not know the language. There are now only three to four full speakers left, but more semi-speakers.",bib5332,yes +3787-speakers-8,3787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": "">5""}",,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. ... Children do not know the language. There are now only three to four full speakers left, but more semi-speakers.",bib5332,yes +3787-LEI-1,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3787-vitality-1,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +3787-LEI-2,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6287,no +3787-transmission-2,3787,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6287,no +3787-vitality-2,3787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6287,no 3787-LEI-3,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3787-vitality-3,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3787-LEI-4,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3787-vitality-4,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3787-LEI-5,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3787-vitality-5,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3787-LEI-5,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3787-vitality-5,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3787-LEI-6,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3787-vitality-6,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3787-LEI-7,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3231,no -3787-vitality-7,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3231,no -3787-LEI-8,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5309,yes -3787-transmission-8,3787,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5309,yes -3787-domains_of_use-8,3787,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5309,yes -3787-speaker_number_trends-8,3787,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5309,yes -3787-vitality-8,3787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5309,yes -3788-context-1,3788,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""In the public domain Djambarrpuy\u014bu is the lingua franca among Yol\u014bu at Milingimbi, and English is used with the non-Indigenous school and government service providers, such as store managers, teachers and nurses""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dhuwal, Djambarrpuy\u014bu, Gupapuy\u014bu, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Yan-nha\u014bu language learning is not a high priority for heritage owners""}",,Yan-nhaŋu has very low prestige at Milingimbi outside the Yan-nhaŋu clans.,bib3821,yes -3788-context-2,3788,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu, Gupapuyngu, Burarra"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers generally speak the closely related large lingua franco Djambarrpuyngu, or also closley related Gupapuyngu, or Burarra.",bib5309,no +3787-LEI-7,3787,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3246,no +3787-vitality-7,3787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3246,no +3787-LEI-8,3787,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5332,yes +3787-transmission-8,3787,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5332,yes +3787-domains_of_use-8,3787,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5332,yes +3787-speaker_number_trends-8,3787,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5332,yes +3787-vitality-8,3787,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is moving towards being moribund.,bib5332,yes +3788-context-1,3788,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""In the public domain Djambarrpuy\u014bu is the lingua franca among Yol\u014bu at Milingimbi, and English is used with the non-Indigenous school and government service providers, such as store managers, teachers and nurses""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dhuwal, Djambarrpuy\u014bu, Gupapuy\u014bu, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Yan-nha\u014bu language learning is not a high priority for heritage owners""}",,Yan-nhaŋu has very low prestige at Milingimbi outside the Yan-nhaŋu clans.,bib3840,yes +3788-context-2,3788,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu, Gupapuyngu, Burarra"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers generally speak the closely related large lingua franco Djambarrpuyngu, or also closley related Gupapuyngu, or Burarra.",bib5332,no 3788-location-1,3788,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, 2 of westernmost Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Milingimbi.""}",,,bib67,no -3788-location-2,3788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0253188, 134.9636469]]}",,,bib1182,no -3788-location-3,3788,location,"{""Places"": [""Crocodile Islands of North- Eastern Arnhem""], ""Description"": ""It is a member of the Nha\u014bu dialect cluster spoken from the Crocodile Islands in the west to the Wessel Islands in the east.""}",,,bib3821,yes -3788-location-4,3788,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on two of the most western Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Millingimbi.""]}",,,bib5309,no +3788-location-2,3788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0253188, 134.9636469]]}",,,bib1191,no +3788-location-3,3788,location,"{""Places"": [""Crocodile Islands of North- Eastern Arnhem""], ""Description"": ""It is a member of the Nha\u014bu dialect cluster spoken from the Crocodile Islands in the west to the Wessel Islands in the east.""}",,,bib3840,yes +3788-location-4,3788,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on two of the most western Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Millingimbi.""]}",,,bib5332,no 3788-speaker_number-1,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Black 1983),bib67,no 3788-speakers-1,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Black 1983),bib67,no -3788-speaker_number-2,3788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights.",bib3821,yes -3788-speakers-2,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""204""}",,"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights.",bib3821,yes -3788-speaker_number-3,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3788-speakers-3,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3788-speaker_number-2,3788,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights.",bib3840,yes +3788-speakers-2,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""204""}",,"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights.",bib3840,yes +3788-speaker_number-3,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3788-speakers-3,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3788-speaker_number-4,3788,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3788-speakers-4,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 3788-speaker_number-5,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3788-speakers-5,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3788-speaker_number-6,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -3788-speakers-6,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported.",bib5309,no +3788-speaker_number-6,3788,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +3788-speakers-6,3788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported.",bib5332,no 3788-LEI-1,3788,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3788-vitality-1,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3788-LEI-2,3788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3821,yes -3788-vitality-2,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3821,yes -3788-LEI-3,3788,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3788-vitality-3,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3788-LEI-2,3788,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3840,yes +3788-vitality-2,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3840,yes +3788-LEI-3,3788,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3788-vitality-3,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3788-LEI-4,3788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3788-vitality-4,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 3788-LEI-5,3788,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3788-vitality-5,3788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3788-LEI-6,3788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5309,no -3788-transmission-6,3788,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5309,no -3788-domains_of_use-6,3788,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5309,no -3788-speaker_number_trends-6,3788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5309,no -3788-vitality-6,3788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5309,no -3789-context-1,3789,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English is dominant and is used publically and in government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pitjantjatjara; English"", ""Government Support"": ""Government is indifferent"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Only one school has literacy program for the language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The situation in Coober Pedy among many non-Indigenous locals seems to be that both Yankunytjatjara and other Indigenous languages are ignored and considered irrelevant, rather than being actively suppressed.",bib5431,yes +3788-LEI-6,3788,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5332,no +3788-transmission-6,3788,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5332,no +3788-domains_of_use-6,3788,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5332,no +3788-speaker_number_trends-6,3788,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5332,no +3788-vitality-6,3788,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered.",bib5332,no +3789-context-1,3789,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English is dominant and is used publically and in government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pitjantjatjara; English"", ""Government Support"": ""Government is indifferent"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Only one school has literacy program for the language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The situation in Coober Pedy among many non-Indigenous locals seems to be that both Yankunytjatjara and other Indigenous languages are ignored and considered irrelevant, rather than being actively suppressed.",bib5454,yes 3789-location-1,3789,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3789-location-2,3789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.26048662, 131.9855272]]}",,,bib1182,no -3789-location-3,3789,location,"{""Places"": [""Coober Pedy, Port Lincoln, Port Augusta, Adelaide""]}",,"Coober Pedy is the main location for Yankunytjatjara speakers, but it is also spoken Port Lincoln, Port Augusta, and Adelaide",bib5431,yes -3789-speaker_number-1,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3789-speakers-1,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3789-location-2,3789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.26048662, 131.9855272]]}",,,bib1191,no +3789-location-3,3789,location,"{""Places"": [""Coober Pedy, Port Lincoln, Port Augusta, Adelaide""]}",,"Coober Pedy is the main location for Yankunytjatjara speakers, but it is also spoken Port Lincoln, Port Augusta, and Adelaide",bib5454,yes +3789-speaker_number-1,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3789-speakers-1,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3789-speaker_number-2,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 3789-speakers-2,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""73"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number data: 1996 census,bib67,no 3789-speaker_number-3,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3789-speakers-3,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3789-speaker_number-4,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"‘Yankunytjatjara’ is not really considered by Anangu to be one group with one common purpose, rather, several small family groups seem to combine into loose alliances.",bib5431,yes -3789-speakers-4,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Children""}",,"‘Yankunytjatjara’ is not really considered by Anangu to be one group with one common purpose, rather, several small family groups seem to combine into loose alliances.",bib5431,yes -3789-speaker_number-5,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3789-speakers-5,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3789-speaker_number-4,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"‘Yankunytjatjara’ is not really considered by Anangu to be one group with one common purpose, rather, several small family groups seem to combine into loose alliances.",bib5454,yes +3789-speakers-4,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50-70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Children""}",,"‘Yankunytjatjara’ is not really considered by Anangu to be one group with one common purpose, rather, several small family groups seem to combine into loose alliances.",bib5454,yes +3789-speaker_number-5,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3789-speakers-5,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3789-speaker_number-6,3789,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3789-speakers-6,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3789-speaker_number-7,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1387,no -3789-speakers-7,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1387,no -3789-LEI-1,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3789-vitality-1,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3789-speaker_number-7,3789,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1399,no +3789-speakers-7,3789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1399,no +3789-LEI-1,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3789-vitality-1,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3789-LEI-2,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3789-vitality-2,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3789-LEI-3,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3789-vitality-3,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3789-LEI-4,3789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5431,yes -3789-transmission-4,3789,transmission,5,transmission-5,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5431,yes -3789-domains_of_use-4,3789,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5431,yes -3789-speaker_number_trends-4,3789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5431,yes -3789-vitality-4,3789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5431,yes -3789-LEI-5,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3789-vitality-5,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3789-LEI-4,3789,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5454,yes +3789-transmission-4,3789,transmission,5,transmission-5,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5454,yes +3789-domains_of_use-4,3789,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5454,yes +3789-speaker_number_trends-4,3789,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5454,yes +3789-vitality-4,3789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"I have actually suggested by implication that the use of Yankunytjatjara in these media is next to nothing, but in the absence of more or less longitudinal and consistent data collection and analysis concerning media, I have somewhat cautiously assumed the possibility of some Yankunytjatjara being used in some of these media.",bib5454,yes +3789-LEI-5,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3789-vitality-5,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3789-LEI-6,3789,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3789-vitality-6,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3789-LEI-7,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,no -3789-vitality-7,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,no -3790-context-1,3790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Few""}",,,bib7762,yes -3790-context-2,3790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In East Africa, the Nubi communities are proud of their language and see it as one of the features of their identity.""}",,"... competition with English and Swahili may endanger the use of Kinubi, especially in big cities such as Mombasa and Nairobi, as it did in Tanzania, where it seems that Swahili has replaced Kinubi among the Nubi communities.",bib4762,no -3790-location-1,3790,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""]}",,,bib7762,yes -3790-location-2,3790,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan""]}",,mainly in Uganda and in Kenya,bib4762,no +3789-LEI-7,3789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,no +3789-vitality-7,3789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,no +3790-context-1,3790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Few""}",,,bib7787,yes +3790-context-2,3790,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""In East Africa, the Nubi communities are proud of their language and see it as one of the features of their identity.""}",,"... competition with English and Swahili may endanger the use of Kinubi, especially in big cities such as Mombasa and Nairobi, as it did in Tanzania, where it seems that Swahili has replaced Kinubi among the Nubi communities.",bib4784,no +3790-location-1,3790,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""]}",,,bib7787,yes +3790-location-2,3790,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan""]}",,mainly in Uganda and in Kenya,bib4784,no 3790-location-3,3790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.666666666667, 32.0833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -3790-speaker_number-1,3790,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7762,yes -3790-speakers-1,3790,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7762,yes -3790-speaker_number-2,3790,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Kinubi is spoken in Kenya by the Nubi linguistic minority of about 10,000 people.",bib5640,no -3790-speakers-2,3790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Kinubi is spoken in Kenya by the Nubi linguistic minority of about 10,000 people.",bib5640,no +3790-speaker_number-1,3790,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7787,yes +3790-speakers-1,3790,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7787,yes +3790-speaker_number-2,3790,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Kinubi is spoken in Kenya by the Nubi linguistic minority of about 10,000 people.",bib5664,no +3790-speakers-2,3790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Kinubi is spoken in Kenya by the Nubi linguistic minority of about 10,000 people.",bib5664,no 3790-speaker_number-3,3790,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"26,100 in Uganda (2002 census).",bib67,no 3790-speakers-3,3790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"26,100 in Uganda (2002 census).",bib67,no -3790-LEI-1,3790,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7762,yes -3790-vitality-1,3790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7762,yes -3790-LEI-2,3790,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5640,no -3790-vitality-2,3790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5640,no +3790-LEI-1,3790,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7787,yes +3790-vitality-1,3790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7787,yes +3790-LEI-2,3790,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5664,no +3790-vitality-2,3790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5664,no 3790-LEI-3,3790,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3790-vitality-3,3790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3792-speaker_number-1,3792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib587,yes -3792-speakers-1,3792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib587,yes -3792-speaker_number-2,3792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4486,no -3792-speakers-2,3792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4486,no +3792-speaker_number-1,3792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib590,yes +3792-speakers-1,3792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib590,yes +3792-speaker_number-2,3792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4507,no +3792-speakers-2,3792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4507,no 3792-speaker_number-3,3792,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3792-speakers-3,3792,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3792-LEI-1,3792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib587,yes -3792-vitality-1,3792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib587,yes -3792-LEI-2,3792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4486,no -3792-vitality-2,3792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4486,no +3792-LEI-1,3792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib590,yes +3792-vitality-1,3792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib590,yes +3792-LEI-2,3792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4507,no +3792-vitality-2,3792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4507,no 3792-LEI-3,3792,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3792-vitality-3,3792,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3793-context-1,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The majority of this group know only Amharic""}",,A strong process of Amharization seems to have made a strong impact on the size of the 'Kemant' population,bib8038,no -3793-context-2,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,,bib7615,no -3793-context-3,3793,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, normal use""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Kemantney has been stigmatized by two groups: Amharic speakers of Amharic descent, and Amharic speakers of Kemant descent. It is not uncommon for Kemant speakers to be ashamed of using it for fear of being humiliated by these two groups. Everyone who wants to speak the language smiles and looks around before (s)he starts speaking. The smile is a sign of bewilderment and anxiety, not of courage and excitement.",bib4619,no -3793-context-4,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,,bib8037,no -3793-context-5,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All or most""}",,,bib6944,no -3793-location-1,3793,location,"{""Description"": ""Gondar""}",,,bib518,no +3793-context-1,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The majority of this group know only Amharic""}",,A strong process of Amharization seems to have made a strong impact on the size of the 'Kemant' population,bib8063,no +3793-context-2,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,,bib7640,no +3793-context-3,3793,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, normal use""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Kemantney has been stigmatized by two groups: Amharic speakers of Amharic descent, and Amharic speakers of Kemant descent. It is not uncommon for Kemant speakers to be ashamed of using it for fear of being humiliated by these two groups. Everyone who wants to speak the language smiles and looks around before (s)he starts speaking. The smile is a sign of bewilderment and anxiety, not of courage and excitement.",bib4641,no +3793-context-4,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,,bib8062,no +3793-context-5,3793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All or most""}",,,bib6968,no +3793-location-1,3793,location,"{""Description"": ""Gondar""}",,,bib521,no 3793-location-2,3793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.6666666667, 37.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3793-location-3,3793,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia"", ""Eritrea""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Amhara region, north of Lake Tana. Qwara or Kayla are near Addis Ababa. Also in Eritrea.""}",,,bib67,no -3793-location-4,3793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.9349, 37.2326]]}",,,bib5307,no -3793-location-5,3793,location,"{""Places"": [""Gondar, Ethiopia""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.599967, 37.466633]]}",,"Because of shortage of cultivable land, the people have always been moving to Amharic speaking places and work as farmers or shepherds. The movement to such Amharic-speaking areas has contributed to the obsolescence of their language.",bib4619,no -3793-location-6,3793,location,"{""Description"": ""Chilga, Armachoho, Gonder, Zuria, Wogera, Matebia, Qara, and others.""}",,,bib8037,no -3793-location-7,3793,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""North of Lake Tana, Central Begendir Province, northwest, also Sudan... the countryside extending to the north and south of the east-to-west Gonder-Aykel road as well as the east of Gonder and the west of Aykel""}",,,bib6944,no +3793-location-4,3793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.9349, 37.2326]]}",,,bib5330,no +3793-location-5,3793,location,"{""Places"": [""Gondar, Ethiopia""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.599967, 37.466633]]}",,"Because of shortage of cultivable land, the people have always been moving to Amharic speaking places and work as farmers or shepherds. The movement to such Amharic-speaking areas has contributed to the obsolescence of their language.",bib4641,no +3793-location-6,3793,location,"{""Description"": ""Chilga, Armachoho, Gonder, Zuria, Wogera, Matebia, Qara, and others.""}",,,bib8062,no +3793-location-7,3793,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""North of Lake Tana, Central Begendir Province, northwest, also Sudan... the countryside extending to the north and south of the east-to-west Gonder-Aykel road as well as the east of Gonder and the west of Aykel""}",,,bib6968,no 3793-speakers-1,3793,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,"Kemant certainly is one of the most 'endangered' languages in Ethiopia, already considered 'dead' by some linguists... it has become very unlikely the Kemant people will preserve a distinct religion and culture. -Those who speak the language fluently are elderly people beyond the age of sixty... the extinction of Kemant is conceivable within the next 40–50 years.",bib8038,no +Those who speak the language fluently are elderly people beyond the age of sixty... the extinction of Kemant is conceivable within the next 40–50 years.",bib8063,no 3793-speaker_number-2,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,650 in Ethiopia. Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population are from the 1994 census.",bib67,no 3793-speakers-2,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""172,327"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,650 in Ethiopia. Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population are from the 1994 census.",bib67,no -3793-speaker_number-3,3793,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the 1994 census, there are around 1,625 speakers of Kemantney, but following the death of many of the older members of the community, the speaker population been reduced to only a few hundred. Most of the fluent speakers of Kemantney are in their 60's or above, and the well-known storytellers are older. ",bib4618,yes -3793-speakers-3,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the 1994 census, there are around 1,625 speakers of Kemantney, but following the death of many of the older members of the community, the speaker population been reduced to only a few hundred. Most of the fluent speakers of Kemantney are in their 60's or above, and the well-known storytellers are older. ",bib4618,yes -3793-speaker_number-4,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -3793-speakers-4,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~3400""}",,,bib7615,no -3793-speaker_number-5,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib605,no -3793-speakers-5,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""1500""}",,,bib605,no -3793-speaker_number-6,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3793-speakers-6,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3793-speaker_number-3,3793,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the 1994 census, there are around 1,625 speakers of Kemantney, but following the death of many of the older members of the community, the speaker population been reduced to only a few hundred. Most of the fluent speakers of Kemantney are in their 60's or above, and the well-known storytellers are older. ",bib4640,yes +3793-speakers-3,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the 1994 census, there are around 1,625 speakers of Kemantney, but following the death of many of the older members of the community, the speaker population been reduced to only a few hundred. Most of the fluent speakers of Kemantney are in their 60's or above, and the well-known storytellers are older. ",bib4640,yes +3793-speaker_number-4,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +3793-speakers-4,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~3400""}",,,bib7640,no +3793-speaker_number-5,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib608,no +3793-speakers-5,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""1500""}",,,bib608,no +3793-speaker_number-6,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3793-speakers-6,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3793-speaker_number-7,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,no 3793-speakers-7,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""172,324"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,no -3793-speaker_number-8,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4619,no -3793-speakers-8,3793,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""791"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""172291"", ""Young Adults"": ""304"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1625"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""2588"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3450""}",,,bib4619,no -3793-speaker_number-9,3793,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to Ato Nega there are more than one million Qemant people, of whom 350,000 still speak the language... Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die",bib8037,no -3793-speakers-9,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"According to Ato Nega there are more than one million Qemant people, of whom 350,000 still speak the language... Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die",bib8037,no +3793-speaker_number-8,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4641,no +3793-speakers-8,3793,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""791"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""172291"", ""Young Adults"": ""304"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1625"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""2588"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3450""}",,,bib4641,no +3793-speaker_number-9,3793,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"According to Ato Nega there are more than one million Qemant people, of whom 350,000 still speak the language... Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die",bib8062,no +3793-speakers-9,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"According to Ato Nega there are more than one million Qemant people, of whom 350,000 still speak the language... Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die",bib8062,no 3793-speaker_number-10,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3793-speakers-10,3793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3793-speaker_number-11,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6944,no -3793-speakers-11,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000-17000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6944,no -3793-LEI-1,3793,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8038,no -3793-transmission-1,3793,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8038,no -3793-domains_of_use-1,3793,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8038,no -3793-speaker_number_trends-1,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8038,no -3793-vitality-1,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8038,no -3793-LEI-2,3793,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib518,no -3793-transmission-2,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib518,no -3793-speaker_number_trends-2,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib518,no -3793-vitality-2,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib518,no +3793-speaker_number-11,3793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6968,no +3793-speakers-11,3793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000-17000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6968,no +3793-LEI-1,3793,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8063,no +3793-transmission-1,3793,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8063,no +3793-domains_of_use-1,3793,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8063,no +3793-speaker_number_trends-1,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8063,no +3793-vitality-1,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A typical speaker: ""He prays and dreams in Kemant. He also speaks about secrets in Kemant"" [only domains which Kemant is used]",bib8063,no +3793-LEI-2,3793,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib521,no +3793-transmission-2,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib521,no +3793-speaker_number_trends-2,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib521,no +3793-vitality-2,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib521,no 3793-LEI-3,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3793-vitality-3,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3793-LEI-4,3793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4618,yes -3793-transmission-4,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib4618,yes -3793-speaker_number_trends-4,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4618,yes -3793-vitality-4,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4618,yes -3793-LEI-5,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -3793-vitality-5,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -3793-LEI-6,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -3793-vitality-6,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no -3793-LEI-7,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3793-vitality-7,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3793-LEI-4,3793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4640,yes +3793-transmission-4,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib4640,yes +3793-speaker_number_trends-4,3793,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4640,yes +3793-vitality-4,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4640,yes +3793-LEI-5,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +3793-vitality-5,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +3793-LEI-6,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +3793-vitality-6,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no +3793-LEI-7,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3793-vitality-7,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3793-LEI-8,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 3793-vitality-8,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no -3793-LEI-9,3793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4619,no -3793-transmission-9,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4619,no -3793-domains_of_use-9,3793,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4619,no -3793-speaker_number_trends-9,3793,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4619,no -3793-vitality-9,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4619,no -3793-LEI-10,3793,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"We have gathered evidence that Qemant is not a 'dead' language, but it must be considered endangered. [...] We have met a number of elderly bilingual people who speak both Amharic and Qemant. However, even these people seem to be more proficient in Amharic than in Qemant, and they seem to use Amharic more than Qemant. [...] Linguistically speaking, one could say that Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die.",bib8037,no -3793-vitality-10,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"We have gathered evidence that Qemant is not a 'dead' language, but it must be considered endangered. [...] We have met a number of elderly bilingual people who speak both Amharic and Qemant. However, even these people seem to be more proficient in Amharic than in Qemant, and they seem to use Amharic more than Qemant. [...] Linguistically speaking, one could say that Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die.",bib8037,no +3793-LEI-9,3793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4641,no +3793-transmission-9,3793,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4641,no +3793-domains_of_use-9,3793,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4641,no +3793-speaker_number_trends-9,3793,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4641,no +3793-vitality-9,3793,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Kemantney has been reduced to a secret (in-group) code like Tenet (Surma) (Dimmendaal, 1983) and Elmolo (Heine, 1980). The Kemant people are never heard speaking their language in normal situations. The negative attitude people show and the consequential decline of its use have led to the decline of confidence and competence among TSs.",bib4641,no +3793-LEI-10,3793,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"We have gathered evidence that Qemant is not a 'dead' language, but it must be considered endangered. [...] We have met a number of elderly bilingual people who speak both Amharic and Qemant. However, even these people seem to be more proficient in Amharic than in Qemant, and they seem to use Amharic more than Qemant. [...] Linguistically speaking, one could say that Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die.",bib8062,no +3793-vitality-10,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"We have gathered evidence that Qemant is not a 'dead' language, but it must be considered endangered. [...] We have met a number of elderly bilingual people who speak both Amharic and Qemant. However, even these people seem to be more proficient in Amharic than in Qemant, and they seem to use Amharic more than Qemant. [...] Linguistically speaking, one could say that Qemant is being replaced by Amharic, and there is a tendency for the language to die.",bib8062,no 3793-LEI-11,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3793-vitality-11,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3793-LEI-12,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3793-vitality-12,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -3794-context-2,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasi, Kikuyu""}",,"Indem ich den Hinweisen von Lambert (1950) folgte, fand ich...einige Männer, die mit Kikuyu-Frauen verheiratet waren, in Kikuyu-Gemeinschaften lebten und generall als Kikuyu galten.",bib6386,no -3794-context-3,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,"Probably dying out, i.e. Akie is being replaced by Maasai (accompanied by the process of changing their subsistence base from hunting-gathering to agriculture).",bib6944,no -3794-context-4,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kikuyu, Maasai""}",,The so-called Akiek of Kinare in Kenya now speak Kikuyu as a first language; there may still be a few rememberers left.,bib7615,no +3793-LEI-12,3793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3793-vitality-12,3793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +3794-context-2,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasi, Kikuyu""}",,"Indem ich den Hinweisen von Lambert (1950) folgte, fand ich...einige Männer, die mit Kikuyu-Frauen verheiratet waren, in Kikuyu-Gemeinschaften lebten und generall als Kikuyu galten.",bib6410,no +3794-context-3,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,"Probably dying out, i.e. Akie is being replaced by Maasai (accompanied by the process of changing their subsistence base from hunting-gathering to agriculture).",bib6968,no +3794-context-4,3794,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kikuyu, Maasai""}",,The so-called Akiek of Kinare in Kenya now speak Kikuyu as a first language; there may still be a few rememberers left.,bib7640,no 3794-location-1,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,no -3794-location-2,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania, Kenya""]}",,,bib605,yes +3794-location-2,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania, Kenya""]}",,,bib608,yes 3794-location-3,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,"""Indem ich den Hinweisen von Lambertt (1950) folgte, fand ich 1976 bei der Ortschaft Kinare am Osthang des Rift Valleys"" (24) -""Die Akie leben in kleinen Gruppen in der Steppe südlich von Arusha...ich habe eine Gruppe im Jahre 1976 in der Nähe des Ortes Kijungu an der Straße Handeni-Kondoa angetroffen. A.N. Tucker fand eine andere im Jahre 1965 in der Nähe des Ortes Mkomazi, etwa 100km nordöstlich von Kijungu"". (25)",bib6386,no -3794-location-4,3794,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0435, 36.6006]]}",,,bib5307,no -3794-location-5,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Arusha Region, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""\""Makami, Kibaya to Ruvu River... [and] the southern part of the Maasai Steppe, exact extent unknown, roughly (east) Handeni/Ruvu River across to around Makami, then somewhat further west, then south to somehwere south of Kibaya.\"" (Roderic Hall Blackburn. n.d. East African Hunter-Gatherers: a survey. [Unpublished material.])""}",,,bib6944,no +""Die Akie leben in kleinen Gruppen in der Steppe südlich von Arusha...ich habe eine Gruppe im Jahre 1976 in der Nähe des Ortes Kijungu an der Straße Handeni-Kondoa angetroffen. A.N. Tucker fand eine andere im Jahre 1965 in der Nähe des Ortes Mkomazi, etwa 100km nordöstlich von Kijungu"". (25)",bib6410,no +3794-location-4,3794,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0435, 36.6006]]}",,,bib5330,no +3794-location-5,3794,location,"{""Places"": [""Arusha Region, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""\""Makami, Kibaya to Ruvu River... [and] the southern part of the Maasai Steppe, exact extent unknown, roughly (east) Handeni/Ruvu River across to around Makami, then somewhat further west, then south to somehwere south of Kibaya.\"" (Roderic Hall Blackburn. n.d. East African Hunter-Gatherers: a survey. [Unpublished material.])""}",,,bib6968,no 3794-speaker_number-1,3794,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"42,000 in Kenya (2006)",bib67,no 3794-speakers-1,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"42,000 in Kenya (2006)",bib67,no -3794-speaker_number-2,3794,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4191,no -3794-speakers-2,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4191,no -3794-speaker_number-3,3794,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib605,yes -3794-speakers-3,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib605,yes -3794-speakers-4,3794,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""Yes""}",,"Sie sebst benutzten die Sprache ihrer Eltern nicht mehr, konnten aber auf Verlangen ein Vokabular und einige Sätze aus der Erinnerung hervorholen.",bib6386,no -3794-speaker_number-5,3794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Various sources cited by Sommer (1992) suggest anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand speakers, and that, especially among the villages, younger people are more fluent in Maasai or Swahili than Akie.",bib6944,no -3794-speakers-5,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Various sources cited by Sommer (1992) suggest anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand speakers, and that, especially among the villages, younger people are more fluent in Maasai or Swahili than Akie.",bib6944,no +3794-speaker_number-2,3794,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4211,no +3794-speakers-2,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4211,no +3794-speaker_number-3,3794,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib608,yes +3794-speakers-3,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib608,yes +3794-speakers-4,3794,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""Yes""}",,"Sie sebst benutzten die Sprache ihrer Eltern nicht mehr, konnten aber auf Verlangen ein Vokabular und einige Sätze aus der Erinnerung hervorholen.",bib6410,no +3794-speaker_number-5,3794,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Various sources cited by Sommer (1992) suggest anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand speakers, and that, especially among the villages, younger people are more fluent in Maasai or Swahili than Akie.",bib6968,no +3794-speakers-5,3794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Various sources cited by Sommer (1992) suggest anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand speakers, and that, especially among the villages, younger people are more fluent in Maasai or Swahili than Akie.",bib6968,no 3794-LEI-1,3794,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3794-vitality-1,3794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3794-LEI-2,3794,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The overall population of Ogiek is below 20,000 of which, 75%% live in Mau Complex of Nakuru District. The Akie language is on the verge of deterioration after the only ancestral land for this community was invaded and demarcated by other communities including the Kipsigis, Tugen and Nandi. Daily trading has also caused the gradual loss of culture and language.",bib4191,no -3794-vitality-2,3794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The overall population of Ogiek is below 20,000 of which, 75%% live in Mau Complex of Nakuru District. The Akie language is on the verge of deterioration after the only ancestral land for this community was invaded and demarcated by other communities including the Kipsigis, Tugen and Nandi. Daily trading has also caused the gradual loss of culture and language.",bib4191,no -3794-LEI-3,3794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,yes -3794-vitality-3,3794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,yes -3794-LEI-4,3794,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3794-transmission-4,3794,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6944,no -3794-vitality-4,3794,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -3795-location-1,3795,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4144, 86.7521]]}",,,bib5307,no +3794-LEI-2,3794,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The overall population of Ogiek is below 20,000 of which, 75%% live in Mau Complex of Nakuru District. The Akie language is on the verge of deterioration after the only ancestral land for this community was invaded and demarcated by other communities including the Kipsigis, Tugen and Nandi. Daily trading has also caused the gradual loss of culture and language.",bib4211,no +3794-vitality-2,3794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The overall population of Ogiek is below 20,000 of which, 75%% live in Mau Complex of Nakuru District. The Akie language is on the verge of deterioration after the only ancestral land for this community was invaded and demarcated by other communities including the Kipsigis, Tugen and Nandi. Daily trading has also caused the gradual loss of culture and language.",bib4211,no +3794-LEI-3,3794,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,yes +3794-vitality-3,3794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,yes +3794-LEI-4,3794,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3794-transmission-4,3794,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6968,no +3794-vitality-4,3794,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +3795-location-1,3795,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4144, 86.7521]]}",,,bib5330,no 3795-location-2,3795,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,yes 3795-location-3,3795,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -3795-speaker_number-1,3795,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3795-speakers-1,3795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,553"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3795-speaker_number-1,3795,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3795-speakers-1,3795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,553"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3795-speaker_number-2,3795,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,yes 3795-speakers-2,3795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10041"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,yes 3795-speaker_number-3,3795,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3795-speakers-3,3795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,553"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3795-speaker_number-4,3795,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,550 (2001 census)",bib67,no 3795-speakers-4,3795,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,550 (2001 census)",bib67,no -3795-LEI-1,3795,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3795-vitality-1,3795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3795-LEI-1,3795,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3795-vitality-1,3795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3795-LEI-2,3795,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,yes 3795-vitality-2,3795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,yes 3795-LEI-3,3795,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3795-vitality-3,3795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3795-LEI-4,3795,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3795-vitality-4,3795,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3797-context-1,3797,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no +3797-context-1,3797,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no 3797-location-1,3797,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3797-location-2,3797,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6271636, 133.5450627]]}",,,bib1182,no -3797-speaker_number-1,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3797-speakers-1,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3797-location-2,3797,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.6271636, 133.5450627]]}",,,bib1191,no +3797-speaker_number-1,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3797-speakers-1,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3797-speaker_number-2,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3797-speakers-2,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 3797-speaker_number-3,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3797-speakers-3,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3797-speaker_number-4,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5856,yes -3797-speakers-4,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5856,yes -3797-speaker_number-5,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3797-speakers-5,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3797-speaker_number-4,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5880,yes +3797-speakers-4,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5880,yes +3797-speaker_number-5,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3797-speakers-5,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3797-speaker_number-6,3797,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3797-speakers-6,3797,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3797-LEI-1,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3797-vitality-1,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3797-LEI-1,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3797-vitality-1,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3797-LEI-2,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3797-vitality-2,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3797-LEI-3,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3797-vitality-3,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3797-LEI-4,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5856,yes -3797-vitality-4,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5856,yes -3797-LEI-5,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3797-vitality-5,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3797-LEI-4,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5880,yes +3797-vitality-4,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5880,yes +3797-LEI-5,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3797-vitality-5,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3797-LEI-6,3797,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3797-vitality-6,3797,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3798-speaker_number-1,3798,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,700 in Cameroon (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977)",bib67,yes @@ -39786,121 +39972,121 @@ Those who speak the language fluently are elderly people beyond the age of sixty 3800-speakers-1,3800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 3800-LEI-1,3800,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3800-vitality-1,3800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3801-location-1,3801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Bantanj\u00e9 commune, Faro department, North region, Cameroon"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.21149, 12.677794]]}",,"Das traditionelle Sprachgebiet der Kolbila liegt im Kanton Bantanjé der Prefecture du Faro, in der Region du Nord von Kamerun, wo auch heute noch ein beträchtlicher Teil der Kolbila siedelt.",bib4692,yes +3801-location-1,3801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Bantanj\u00e9 commune, Faro department, North region, Cameroon"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.21149, 12.677794]]}",,"Das traditionelle Sprachgebiet der Kolbila liegt im Kanton Bantanjé der Prefecture du Faro, in der Region du Nord von Kamerun, wo auch heute noch ein beträchtlicher Teil der Kolbila siedelt.",bib4714,yes 3801-location-2,3801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""North Province, Faro Division, Bantadje Canton, southeast of Poli, and east between Ngaoundere and Garoua."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.248187, 13.21645]]}",,,bib67,no -3801-speaker_number-1,3801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In Bantanjé selbst, dem gleichnamigen Verwaltungssitz des Kantons, leben einige hundert Sprecherinnen und Sprecher... Seit 1966 ist jedoch eine starke Migration zu Siedlungen entlang der großen Verkehrsstraße von Garoua nach Ngaondéré zu beobachten, so dass heutzutage Kolbilasprecherinnen und -sprecher in größeren Gemeinschaften wie z.B. in Demsa (ca. 1000) oder in Mayo Boki (über 200), oder in kleinen Gruppen über das gesamte Gebiet von Garoua bis hin nach Ngaoundéré, Région de l'Adamaoua, verstreut, anzutreffen sind.",bib4692,yes -3801-speakers-1,3801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In Bantanjé selbst, dem gleichnamigen Verwaltungssitz des Kantons, leben einige hundert Sprecherinnen und Sprecher... Seit 1966 ist jedoch eine starke Migration zu Siedlungen entlang der großen Verkehrsstraße von Garoua nach Ngaondéré zu beobachten, so dass heutzutage Kolbilasprecherinnen und -sprecher in größeren Gemeinschaften wie z.B. in Demsa (ca. 1000) oder in Mayo Boki (über 200), oder in kleinen Gruppen über das gesamte Gebiet von Garoua bis hin nach Ngaoundéré, Région de l'Adamaoua, verstreut, anzutreffen sind.",bib4692,yes +3801-speaker_number-1,3801,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In Bantanjé selbst, dem gleichnamigen Verwaltungssitz des Kantons, leben einige hundert Sprecherinnen und Sprecher... Seit 1966 ist jedoch eine starke Migration zu Siedlungen entlang der großen Verkehrsstraße von Garoua nach Ngaondéré zu beobachten, so dass heutzutage Kolbilasprecherinnen und -sprecher in größeren Gemeinschaften wie z.B. in Demsa (ca. 1000) oder in Mayo Boki (über 200), oder in kleinen Gruppen über das gesamte Gebiet von Garoua bis hin nach Ngaoundéré, Région de l'Adamaoua, verstreut, anzutreffen sind.",bib4714,yes +3801-speakers-1,3801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In Bantanjé selbst, dem gleichnamigen Verwaltungssitz des Kantons, leben einige hundert Sprecherinnen und Sprecher... Seit 1966 ist jedoch eine starke Migration zu Siedlungen entlang der großen Verkehrsstraße von Garoua nach Ngaondéré zu beobachten, so dass heutzutage Kolbilasprecherinnen und -sprecher in größeren Gemeinschaften wie z.B. in Demsa (ca. 1000) oder in Mayo Boki (über 200), oder in kleinen Gruppen über das gesamte Gebiet von Garoua bis hin nach Ngaoundéré, Région de l'Adamaoua, verstreut, anzutreffen sind.",bib4714,yes 3801-speaker_number-2,3801,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1997 L. Lode),bib67,no 3801-speakers-2,3801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1997 L. Lode),bib67,no -3801-LEI-1,3801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4692,yes -3801-vitality-1,3801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4692,yes +3801-LEI-1,3801,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4714,yes +3801-vitality-1,3801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4714,yes 3801-LEI-2,3801,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3801-vitality-2,3801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3802-location-1,3802,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the border area between Nigeria and Cameroon.""}",,,bib7615,yes +3802-location-1,3802,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the border area between Nigeria and Cameroon.""}",,,bib7640,yes 3802-location-2,3802,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Far North Province, Mayo-Tsanaga Division, Bourrah Subdivision, near Nigeria border [in Cameroon]. Adamawa state, Mubi LGA, Jilbu town, near Cameroon border [in Nigeria]."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.343122, 13.555043], [10.35241, 13.527552]]}",,,bib67,no -3802-speaker_number-1,3802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,A few hundred.,bib7615,yes -3802-speakers-1,3802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,A few hundred.,bib7615,yes +3802-speaker_number-1,3802,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,A few hundred.,bib7640,yes +3802-speakers-1,3802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,A few hundred.,bib7640,yes 3802-speaker_number-2,3802,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,800 in Cameroon (2002).",bib67,no 3802-speakers-2,3802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,800 in Cameroon (2002).",bib67,no -3802-LEI-1,3802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3802-vitality-1,3802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +3802-LEI-1,3802,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3802-vitality-1,3802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 3802-LEI-2,3802,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3802-vitality-2,3802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3803-context-1,3803,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Berber"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"Daß das K. kein hohes Prestige genießt, ist, in einer arabischen Umwelt, wohl vorstellbar. Einerseits ein als Sprache des Koran sakralisiertes Arabisch mit einer langen und reichen Traditions- und Kulturgeschichte, das von Millionen Menschen gesprochen wird, und andererseits das K., eine kleine unbedeutende 'Sprache der Jnūn' (Sprache der Teufel), wie manche Nicht-Belbali sie nennen... und die den Muttersprachlern als nicht geeignet erscheint, technische oder wissenschaftliche Sachverhalte wiederzugeben.",bib7331,no +3803-context-1,3803,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Berber"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"Daß das K. kein hohes Prestige genießt, ist, in einer arabischen Umwelt, wohl vorstellbar. Einerseits ein als Sprache des Koran sakralisiertes Arabisch mit einer langen und reichen Traditions- und Kulturgeschichte, das von Millionen Menschen gesprochen wird, und andererseits das K., eine kleine unbedeutende 'Sprache der Jnūn' (Sprache der Teufel), wie manche Nicht-Belbali sie nennen... und die den Muttersprachlern als nicht geeignet erscheint, technische oder wissenschaftliche Sachverhalte wiederzugeben.",bib7355,no 3803-context-2,3803,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"At present, Kwarandzyey is endangered. All Belbali men, and most women, speak dialectal Arabic [...] Most speakers claim to speak only Arabic to their young children, and in Ifrənyu people in their twenties can be found who have only a very limited passive knowledge of Kwarandzyey. The djemaa (council of elders) of Ifrənyu collectively resolved to give up Kwarandzyey in the 1970s, hoping to improve their children's educational chances by making sure they knew Arabic from the start (Tabelbala has had a government school since just before independence); the people of Kwara (Zaouia) followed suit in the 1980s. Nonetheless, Kwara's children -have continued to acquire Kwarandzyey in their early teens from older teenagers.",bib6964,yes -3803-location-1,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Tabelbala oasis, in southwestern Algeria between B\u00e9char and Tindouf."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.520891, -3.268433]]}",,,bib6965,no -3803-location-2,3803,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.4049, -3.2605]]}",,,bib5307,no -3803-location-3,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[30.154627, -3.560486]]}",,"Die Oase Tabelbala liegt etwa 1600 km südwestlich von Algier, etwa 145 km Luftlinie westlich von Beni Abbès. Die Stadt erstreckt sich in einem Palmenhain von 12 Kilometern, der selbst in einer Senke zwischen dem Erg Er-Rāwi und dem Kaḥal-Gebirge liegt.",bib7331,no -3803-location-4,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Kwarandzyey (k\u02b7ara n dzy\u0259y \""village language\"", or lb\u0259lbaliyya \""Belbali\""; Korandj\u00e9 in earlier literature) is spoken by about 3000 people, called Belbalis, from the villages of Kwara (Zaouia), Ifr\u0259nyu (Cheraia), and Yami (Makhlouf) in the oasis of Tabelbala in southwestern Algeria, about halfway between Bechar and Tindouf. There are significant numbers of Belbalis in Tindouf, and smaller numbers in Bechar and Oran.""}",,,bib6964,yes +have continued to acquire Kwarandzyey in their early teens from older teenagers.",bib6988,yes +3803-location-1,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Tabelbala oasis, in southwestern Algeria between B\u00e9char and Tindouf."", ""Coordinates"": [[29.520891, -3.268433]]}",,,bib6989,no +3803-location-2,3803,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.4049, -3.2605]]}",,,bib5330,no +3803-location-3,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[30.154627, -3.560486]]}",,"Die Oase Tabelbala liegt etwa 1600 km südwestlich von Algier, etwa 145 km Luftlinie westlich von Beni Abbès. Die Stadt erstreckt sich in einem Palmenhain von 12 Kilometern, der selbst in einer Senke zwischen dem Erg Er-Rāwi und dem Kaḥal-Gebirge liegt.",bib7355,no +3803-location-4,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Kwarandzyey (k\u02b7ara n dzy\u0259y \""village language\"", or lb\u0259lbaliyya \""Belbali\""; Korandj\u00e9 in earlier literature) is spoken by about 3000 people, called Belbalis, from the villages of Kwara (Zaouia), Ifr\u0259nyu (Cheraia), and Yami (Makhlouf) in the oasis of Tabelbala in southwestern Algeria, about halfway between Bechar and Tindouf. There are significant numbers of Belbalis in Tindouf, and smaller numbers in Bechar and Oran.""}",,,bib6988,yes 3803-location-5,3803,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""]}",,,bib67,no -3803-speaker_number-1,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6965,no -3803-speakers-1,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6965,no -3803-speaker_number-2,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3803-speakers-2,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3803-speaker_number-3,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6964,yes -3803-speakers-3,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6964,yes +3803-speaker_number-1,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6989,no +3803-speakers-1,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6989,no +3803-speaker_number-2,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3803-speakers-2,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3803-speaker_number-3,3803,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6988,yes +3803-speakers-3,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6988,yes 3803-speakers-4,3803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -3803-LEI-1,3803,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6965,no -3803-transmission-1,3803,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6965,no -3803-vitality-1,3803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6965,no -3803-LEI-2,3803,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3803-vitality-2,3803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3803-LEI-3,3803,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6964,yes -3803-transmission-3,3803,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6964,yes -3803-domains_of_use-3,3803,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6964,yes -3803-speaker_number_trends-3,3803,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6964,yes -3803-vitality-3,3803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6964,yes -3806-location-1,3806,location,"{""Places"": [""Zou Province, Benin""], ""Description"": ""La Province du Zou - Dans la commune d'aguna (district de jija)."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.348379, 1.933201]]}",,,bib8225,no +3803-LEI-1,3803,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6989,no +3803-transmission-1,3803,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6989,no +3803-vitality-1,3803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Endangered; most parents no longer speak the language to their children, choosing instead to use Arabic. It is still spoken, however, by all native Belbalis (inhabitants of Tabelbala) over the age of 35 and by most over the age of 15. Children often learn the language from their older friends.",bib6989,no +3803-LEI-2,3803,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3803-vitality-2,3803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3803-LEI-3,3803,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6988,yes +3803-transmission-3,3803,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6988,yes +3803-domains_of_use-3,3803,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6988,yes +3803-speaker_number_trends-3,3803,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6988,yes +3803-vitality-3,3803,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6988,yes +3806-location-1,3806,location,"{""Places"": [""Zou Province, Benin""], ""Description"": ""La Province du Zou - Dans la commune d'aguna (district de jija)."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.348379, 1.933201]]}",,,bib8250,no 3806-speaker_number-1,3806,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3806-speakers-1,3806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 3806-LEI-1,3806,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3806-vitality-1,3806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3807-context-1,3807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6944,yes -3807-location-1,3807,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...northwestern part, northeast of Kontagora"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.495914, 5.562996]]}",,,bib6944,yes +3807-context-1,3807,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6968,yes +3807-location-1,3807,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...northwestern part, northeast of Kontagora"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.495914, 5.562996]]}",,,bib6968,yes 3807-location-2,3807,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 3807-speaker_number-1,3807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3807-speakers-1,3807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3807-speaker_number-2,3807,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6944,yes -3807-speakers-2,3807,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6944,yes -3807-speaker_number-3,3807,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7615,no -3807-speakers-3,3807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7615,no +3807-speaker_number-2,3807,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6968,yes +3807-speakers-2,3807,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6968,yes +3807-speaker_number-3,3807,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7640,no +3807-speakers-3,3807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7640,no 3807-speaker_number-4,3807,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 3807-speakers-4,3807,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 3807-LEI-1,3807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3807-vitality-1,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3807-LEI-2,3807,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,yes -3807-vitality-2,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,yes -3807-LEI-3,3807,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -3807-vitality-3,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +3807-LEI-2,3807,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,yes +3807-vitality-2,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,yes +3807-LEI-3,3807,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +3807-vitality-3,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 3807-LEI-4,3807,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3807-vitality-4,3807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3808-context-1,3808,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Traditional songs and folk stories, official language is French""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Biali, Waama"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""83%% (Biali) and 89%% (Waama)""}",,,bib1064,yes -3808-location-1,3808,location,"{""Places"": [""Atakora Province, Benin""], ""Description"": ""Nan\u00e8bou, Bourni\u00e9ssou, S\u00e9pounga, Yarka, Kanafagou, and Koukoul\u00e9"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.798235, 1.66951]]}",,,bib1064,yes -3808-location-2,3808,location,"{""Places"": [""Atakora, Benin""], ""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'atacora, district de Tangui\u00e9ta dans les villages de Nan\u025bngu et de Burinyisu (commune de Tangui\u00e9ta).""}",,,bib8225,no -3808-speaker_number-1,3808,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1064,yes -3808-speakers-1,3808,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,368"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,368"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1064,yes +3808-context-1,3808,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Traditional songs and folk stories, official language is French""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Biali, Waama"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""83%% (Biali) and 89%% (Waama)""}",,,bib1068,yes +3808-location-1,3808,location,"{""Places"": [""Atakora Province, Benin""], ""Description"": ""Nan\u00e8bou, Bourni\u00e9ssou, S\u00e9pounga, Yarka, Kanafagou, and Koukoul\u00e9"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.798235, 1.66951]]}",,,bib1068,yes +3808-location-2,3808,location,"{""Places"": [""Atakora, Benin""], ""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'atacora, district de Tangui\u00e9ta dans les villages de Nan\u025bngu et de Burinyisu (commune de Tangui\u00e9ta).""}",,,bib8250,no +3808-speaker_number-1,3808,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1068,yes +3808-speakers-1,3808,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,368"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,368"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1068,yes 3808-speaker_number-2,3808,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002).,bib67,no 3808-speakers-2,3808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002).,bib67,no -3808-LEI-1,3808,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1064,yes -3808-transmission-1,3808,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1064,yes -3808-domains_of_use-1,3808,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1064,yes -3808-speaker_number_trends-1,3808,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1064,yes -3808-vitality-1,3808,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1064,yes +3808-LEI-1,3808,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1068,yes +3808-transmission-1,3808,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1068,yes +3808-domains_of_use-1,3808,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1068,yes +3808-speaker_number_trends-1,3808,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1068,yes +3808-vitality-1,3808,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Even though there are no indications of imminent language shift toward any of the local L2s, it is noted that reportedly many children use both Boulba and Biali inside and outside the home. Thus, for the future, language shift toward Biali cannot be excluded. According to interviewed chiefs and elders in Bourniéssou, Nanèbou, and Sépounga, Boulba is the predominant language for community activities and is used extensively in most public domains, such as announcements, community meetings, and all customary rites.",bib1068,yes 3808-LEI-2,3808,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3808-vitality-2,3808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3809-context-1,3809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Arabic, Kotokoli, Tchamba, Ana, Ife, Nago, Yoruba"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Sous-Commission Nationale Anii"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7355,yes -3809-location-1,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin, Togo""], ""Description"": ""Southern Benin; Atacora Province, Bassila Subprefecture. Togo, Central Region, Tchamba Prefecture.""}",,,bib997,no -3809-location-2,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin, Togo""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken in] approximately fifteen villages in the West African country of Benin, and three villages in the neighboring country of Togo... most of the villages have their own specific names for the dialect spoken in that village (e.g. the language of Bassila is called Gisida, that of Balanka Gil\u025bmbulnya, etc.), which is indicative of the social and linguistic differences between the villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.002756, 1.668845]]}",,,bib5300,no -3809-location-3,3809,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken along the border of Togo and Benin""}",,,bib5624,no -3809-location-4,3809,location,"{""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'Atacora, dans le district de Bassila villages de : Bassila, Bafola\u014bi, D\u0254ge (commune de Bassila), Penesulu, Kodowari, Naga-yil\u00e9, Penelan, Bayaku, N'Borkro-Salamaga, M\u025b\u025bla, Bodi (commune rurale de Penesulu).""}",,,bib8225,no -3809-location-5,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin""], ""Description"": ""The Anii communities are situated in mid-west Benin, in an area north of and including Bassila in the Sous-Prefecture of Bassila. All Anii villages are located in the districts of Bassila and Penessoulou. The Anii area is bordered to the north by Nago and Yom language groups, to the east by the Bariba language group, to the south by another group of Nago people, and to the west the area is defined by the Togo-Benin border, with Akpe villages being the closest neighbors west of the border."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.032, 1.657], [9.234, 1.554]]}",,,bib7355,yes -3809-speaker_number-1,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"33,600 in Benin in 1992; 12,300 in Togo in 2002.",bib997,no -3809-speakers-1,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"33,600 in Benin in 1992; 12,300 in Togo in 2002.",bib997,no +3809-context-1,3809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Arabic, Kotokoli, Tchamba, Ana, Ife, Nago, Yoruba"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Sous-Commission Nationale Anii"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7379,yes +3809-location-1,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin, Togo""], ""Description"": ""Southern Benin; Atacora Province, Bassila Subprefecture. Togo, Central Region, Tchamba Prefecture.""}",,,bib1001,no +3809-location-2,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin, Togo""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken in] approximately fifteen villages in the West African country of Benin, and three villages in the neighboring country of Togo... most of the villages have their own specific names for the dialect spoken in that village (e.g. the language of Bassila is called Gisida, that of Balanka Gil\u025bmbulnya, etc.), which is indicative of the social and linguistic differences between the villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.002756, 1.668845]]}",,,bib5323,no +3809-location-3,3809,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken along the border of Togo and Benin""}",,,bib5648,no +3809-location-4,3809,location,"{""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'Atacora, dans le district de Bassila villages de : Bassila, Bafola\u014bi, D\u0254ge (commune de Bassila), Penesulu, Kodowari, Naga-yil\u00e9, Penelan, Bayaku, N'Borkro-Salamaga, M\u025b\u025bla, Bodi (commune rurale de Penesulu).""}",,,bib8250,no +3809-location-5,3809,location,"{""Places"": [""Benin""], ""Description"": ""The Anii communities are situated in mid-west Benin, in an area north of and including Bassila in the Sous-Prefecture of Bassila. All Anii villages are located in the districts of Bassila and Penessoulou. The Anii area is bordered to the north by Nago and Yom language groups, to the east by the Bariba language group, to the south by another group of Nago people, and to the west the area is defined by the Togo-Benin border, with Akpe villages being the closest neighbors west of the border."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.032, 1.657], [9.234, 1.554]]}",,,bib7379,yes +3809-speaker_number-1,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"33,600 in Benin in 1992; 12,300 in Togo in 2002.",bib1001,no +3809-speakers-1,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"33,600 in Benin in 1992; 12,300 in Togo in 2002.",bib1001,no 3809-speaker_number-2,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3809-speakers-2,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3809-speaker_number-3,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5300,no -3809-speakers-3,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000-50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5300,no -3809-speaker_number-4,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5624,no -3809-speakers-4,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~46,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5624,no -3809-speaker_number-5,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7355,yes -3809-speakers-5,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7355,yes -3809-LEI-1,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib997,no -3809-vitality-1,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib997,no +3809-speaker_number-3,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5323,no +3809-speakers-3,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000-50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5323,no +3809-speaker_number-4,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5648,no +3809-speakers-4,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~46,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5648,no +3809-speaker_number-5,3809,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7379,yes +3809-speakers-5,3809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7379,yes +3809-LEI-1,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,no +3809-vitality-1,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1001,no 3809-LEI-2,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3809-vitality-2,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3809-LEI-3,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5300,no -3809-vitality-3,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5300,no -3809-LEI-4,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5624,no -3809-vitality-4,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5624,no -3809-LEI-5,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7355,yes -3809-transmission-5,3809,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7355,yes -3809-domains_of_use-5,3809,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib7355,yes -3809-speaker_number_trends-5,3809,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib7355,yes -3809-vitality-5,3809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7355,yes -381-location-1,381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.933758, 125.175292]]}",,,bib7945,no +3809-LEI-3,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5323,no +3809-vitality-3,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5323,no +3809-LEI-4,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5648,no +3809-vitality-4,3809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5648,no +3809-LEI-5,3809,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7379,yes +3809-transmission-5,3809,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7379,yes +3809-domains_of_use-5,3809,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib7379,yes +3809-speaker_number_trends-5,3809,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib7379,yes +3809-vitality-5,3809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7379,yes +381-location-1,381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.933758, 125.175292]]}",,,bib7970,no 381-location-2,381,location,"{""Description"": ""North central Timor island border between East Timor and West Timor, mostly east. Also in Indonesia.""}",,,bib68,yes 381-speaker_number-1,381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"62,000 in East Timor (2010 census). Population total all countries: 72,000.",bib68,yes 381-speakers-1,381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""72,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"62,000 in East Timor (2010 census). Population total all countries: 72,000.",bib68,yes @@ -39915,164 +40101,164 @@ have continued to acquire Kwarandzyey in their early teens from older teenagers. 3813-speakers-1,3813,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data is from Andersson and Janson(1997).,bib67,yes 3813-LEI-1,3813,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3813-vitality-1,3813,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3814-location-1,3814,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso"", ""C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Le khe, langue volta\u00efque peu connue, est parl\u00e9 des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la fronti\u00e8re entre le Burkina Faso et la C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, \u00e0 l'est de la Como\u00e9... L'esquisse se fonde principalement sur le dialecte septentrional (KN), parl\u00e9 au Burkina Faso, dans les villages Nyabourigbo, Noumoukyedougou, Nyamanadougou... le dialecte m\u00e9ridional (KS) [est] parl\u00e9 dans les villages Dyarakoroso, Ty\u00e9b\u00e9fa, Morokodougou et en C\u00f4te d'Ivoire."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.004691, -4.240826]]}",,,bib7862,no +3814-location-1,3814,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso"", ""C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Le khe, langue volta\u00efque peu connue, est parl\u00e9 des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la fronti\u00e8re entre le Burkina Faso et la C\u00f4te d'Ivoire, \u00e0 l'est de la Como\u00e9... L'esquisse se fonde principalement sur le dialecte septentrional (KN), parl\u00e9 au Burkina Faso, dans les villages Nyabourigbo, Noumoukyedougou, Nyamanadougou... le dialecte m\u00e9ridional (KS) [est] parl\u00e9 dans les villages Dyarakoroso, Ty\u00e9b\u00e9fa, Morokodougou et en C\u00f4te d'Ivoire."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.004691, -4.240826]]}",,,bib7887,no 3814-location-2,3814,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Noumoukiedougou, Ti\u00e9bata, Moromoro, Boli, Sessagbo, and Lobo, near Dogose [dos], Khisa [kqm], and Dogoso [dgs]. Also in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.916678, -4.283322], [9.750002, -4.242465]]}",,,bib67,yes 3814-speaker_number-1,3814,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,300 in Burkina Faso (SIL 1983).",bib67,yes 3814-speakers-1,3814,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300 in Burkina Faso"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,300 in Burkina Faso (SIL 1983).",bib67,yes 3814-LEI-1,3814,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3814-vitality-1,3814,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3815-context-1,3815,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With neighboring groups"", ""school"", ""government"", ""trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, Lobi, Dogose, Kaansa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All (Jula); many are multilingual""}",,"Reports gathered during my visit in 1988 indicate that all Khi speak Jula, and that at least one village (Dabokiri) has shifted from using Khisa to Jula.",bib6812,no +3815-context-1,3815,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With neighboring groups"", ""school"", ""government"", ""trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, Lobi, Dogose, Kaansa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All (Jula); many are multilingual""}",,"Reports gathered during my visit in 1988 indicate that all Khi speak Jula, and that at least one village (Dabokiri) has shifted from using Khisa to Jula.",bib6836,no 3815-context-3,3815,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula""}",,The people in Dabokiri village have shifted to Jula. Also use Jula [dyu].,bib67,yes -3815-location-1,3815,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Southernmost corner of the Como\u00eb Province in about ten villages between Mangodara on the north and Massad\u00e9hirikoro on the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.825786, -4.268188]]}",,,bib6812,no -3815-location-2,3815,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.771318, -4.364525]]}",,,bib5162,no +3815-location-1,3815,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Southernmost corner of the Como\u00eb Province in about ten villages between Mangodara on the north and Massad\u00e9hirikoro on the south."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.825786, -4.268188]]}",,,bib6836,no +3815-location-2,3815,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.771318, -4.364525]]}",,,bib5184,no 3815-location-3,3815,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Southwest, near C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire border, Como\u00e9 Province, Mangodara Prefecture. 25 villages [in Burkina Faso]."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.874158, -3.894859], [9.880923, -3.98687]]}",,,bib67,yes -3815-speaker_number-1,3815,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6812,no -3815-speakers-1,3815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6812,no +3815-speaker_number-1,3815,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6836,no +3815-speakers-1,3815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6836,no 3815-speaker_number-2,3815,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 in Côte d’Ivoire (Vanderaa 1991). Population total all countries: 8,000.",bib67,yes 3815-speakers-2,3815,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 in Côte d’Ivoire (Vanderaa 1991). Population total all countries: 8,000.",bib67,yes -3815-LEI-1,3815,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6812,no -3815-vitality-1,3815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6812,no +3815-LEI-1,3815,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6836,no +3815-vitality-1,3815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6836,no 3815-LEI-2,3815,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3815-vitality-2,3815,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3816-context-1,3816,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, S\u00e9noufo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most, especially young people""}",,"Il y a à côté du jula une autre langue parlée par les Natioro: le sénoufo. Ce bilinguisme en sénoufo n’est observable qu’au niveau des vieilles personnes... Avec le temps, le jula aurait supplanté le sénoufo comme langue véhiculaire. [...] Les participants jeunes ont montré une attitude chargée de beaucoup d’affectivité envers leur langue maternelle. Ils parlent leur langue entre eux et disent qu'ils n'abandonneraient jamais leur langue pour une raison ou pour une autre... les participants à notre enquête pensent que leur langue ne peut pas disparaître.",bib6558,yes -3816-location-1,3816,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Les Natioro vivent dans quatre villages situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de Banfora, dans la province de la L\u00e9raba. Ces quatre villages sont Kawara et Timba, qui sont situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l'ouest de Sindou, et Sindoukoroni et Dinaoro, au nord de Sindou."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.733245, -5.233292], [10.641713, -5.285308]]}",,,bib6558,yes -3816-location-3,3816,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""]}",,"[Natioro is spoken] in the four villages of Sindoukoroni, Dinaoro, Timba and Kawara in the Sindou Subdistrict of the Léraba Province in south-western Burkina Faso.",bib7861,no +3816-context-1,3816,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, S\u00e9noufo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most, especially young people""}",,"Il y a à côté du jula une autre langue parlée par les Natioro: le sénoufo. Ce bilinguisme en sénoufo n’est observable qu’au niveau des vieilles personnes... Avec le temps, le jula aurait supplanté le sénoufo comme langue véhiculaire. [...] Les participants jeunes ont montré une attitude chargée de beaucoup d’affectivité envers leur langue maternelle. Ils parlent leur langue entre eux et disent qu'ils n'abandonneraient jamais leur langue pour une raison ou pour une autre... les participants à notre enquête pensent que leur langue ne peut pas disparaître.",bib6582,yes +3816-location-1,3816,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Les Natioro vivent dans quatre villages situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de Banfora, dans la province de la L\u00e9raba. Ces quatre villages sont Kawara et Timba, qui sont situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l'ouest de Sindou, et Sindoukoroni et Dinaoro, au nord de Sindou."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.733245, -5.233292], [10.641713, -5.285308]]}",,,bib6582,yes +3816-location-3,3816,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""]}",,"[Natioro is spoken] in the four villages of Sindoukoroni, Dinaoro, Timba and Kawara in the Sindou Subdistrict of the Léraba Province in south-western Burkina Faso.",bib7886,no 3816-location-4,3816,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""L\u00e9raba Province, Sindou Subdistrict, west of Banfora, Sindou town area; Dinaoro, Timba, and Kawara.""}",,,bib67,no -3816-speaker_number-1,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"En 1985, l'Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie estimait à 3 264 le nombre des Natioro. Avec un taux d’accroissement de la population qui est de l’ordre de 2,68 %% l’an (LaClavere 1993:24), cette population peut aujourd’hui être estimée à 4 000 membres environ.",bib6558,yes -3816-speakers-1,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"En 1985, l'Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie estimait à 3 264 le nombre des Natioro. Avec un taux d’accroissement de la population qui est de l’ordre de 2,68 %% l’an (LaClavere 1993:24), cette population peut aujourd’hui être estimée à 4 000 membres environ.",bib6558,yes -3816-speaker_number-2,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[la population Natioro] occupe quatre villages, à savoir Dinaoro (350 h.), Timba (188 h.), partiellement les localités de Sindoukoroni (250 h.) et de Kawara (300 h.), soit au total environm 1,088 âmes.",bib6043,no -3816-speakers-2,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,088"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"[la population Natioro] occupe quatre villages, à savoir Dinaoro (350 h.), Timba (188 h.), partiellement les localités de Sindoukoroni (250 h.) et de Kawara (300 h.), soit au total environm 1,088 âmes.",bib6043,no -3816-speaker_number-3,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Samu (Samʋ), often called 'Natioro' in the literature, is spoken by about 2,400 people.",bib7861,no -3816-speakers-3,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Samu (Samʋ), often called 'Natioro' in the literature, is spoken by about 2,400 people.",bib7861,no +3816-speaker_number-1,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"En 1985, l'Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie estimait à 3 264 le nombre des Natioro. Avec un taux d’accroissement de la population qui est de l’ordre de 2,68 %% l’an (LaClavere 1993:24), cette population peut aujourd’hui être estimée à 4 000 membres environ.",bib6582,yes +3816-speakers-1,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"En 1985, l'Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie estimait à 3 264 le nombre des Natioro. Avec un taux d’accroissement de la population qui est de l’ordre de 2,68 %% l’an (LaClavere 1993:24), cette population peut aujourd’hui être estimée à 4 000 membres environ.",bib6582,yes +3816-speaker_number-2,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[la population Natioro] occupe quatre villages, à savoir Dinaoro (350 h.), Timba (188 h.), partiellement les localités de Sindoukoroni (250 h.) et de Kawara (300 h.), soit au total environm 1,088 âmes.",bib6067,no +3816-speakers-2,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,088"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"[la population Natioro] occupe quatre villages, à savoir Dinaoro (350 h.), Timba (188 h.), partiellement les localités de Sindoukoroni (250 h.) et de Kawara (300 h.), soit au total environm 1,088 âmes.",bib6067,no +3816-speaker_number-3,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Samu (Samʋ), often called 'Natioro' in the literature, is spoken by about 2,400 people.",bib7886,no +3816-speakers-3,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Samu (Samʋ), often called 'Natioro' in the literature, is spoken by about 2,400 people.",bib7886,no 3816-speaker_number-4,3816,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,400 (Vanderaa 1991)",bib67,no 3816-speakers-4,3816,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,400 (Vanderaa 1991)",bib67,no 3816-LEI-1,3816,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Les enfants Natioro sont bilingues en jula.... Entre eux, les Natioro parlent rarement le jula. Mais à Timba, un ancien nous a laissé entendre que les jeunes parlent assez souvent le jula entre eux sans la présence d'étrangers et qu'ils connaissent mieux conter les récits traditionnels et les proverbes dans la langue jula qu'en Natioro. [...] Il ressort de nos questionnaires que le natioro a moins de vitalité dans le village de Timba. Par contre, la vitalité est certaine dans les villages de Sindoukoroni, Dinaoro et Kawara où les jeunes parlent uniquement le natioro entre eux et à la maison. Dans les conversations de tous les jours au village, les adultes utilisent le natioro -pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6558,yes +pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6582,yes 3816-transmission-1,3816,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Les enfants Natioro sont bilingues en jula.... Entre eux, les Natioro parlent rarement le jula. Mais à Timba, un ancien nous a laissé entendre que les jeunes parlent assez souvent le jula entre eux sans la présence d'étrangers et qu'ils connaissent mieux conter les récits traditionnels et les proverbes dans la langue jula qu'en Natioro. [...] Il ressort de nos questionnaires que le natioro a moins de vitalité dans le village de Timba. Par contre, la vitalité est certaine dans les villages de Sindoukoroni, Dinaoro et Kawara où les jeunes parlent uniquement le natioro entre eux et à la maison. Dans les conversations de tous les jours au village, les adultes utilisent le natioro -pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6558,yes +pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6582,yes 3816-vitality-1,3816,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Les enfants Natioro sont bilingues en jula.... Entre eux, les Natioro parlent rarement le jula. Mais à Timba, un ancien nous a laissé entendre que les jeunes parlent assez souvent le jula entre eux sans la présence d'étrangers et qu'ils connaissent mieux conter les récits traditionnels et les proverbes dans la langue jula qu'en Natioro. [...] Il ressort de nos questionnaires que le natioro a moins de vitalité dans le village de Timba. Par contre, la vitalité est certaine dans les villages de Sindoukoroni, Dinaoro et Kawara où les jeunes parlent uniquement le natioro entre eux et à la maison. Dans les conversations de tous les jours au village, les adultes utilisent le natioro -pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6558,yes -3816-LEI-2,3816,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6043,no -3816-vitality-2,3816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6043,no -3816-LEI-3,3816,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7861,no -3816-vitality-3,3816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7861,no +pour communiquer la plupart du temps. Cependant, on peut entendre à certains moments des adultes conversant en jula sans qu’il n’y ait une situation particulière exigeant l’utilisation du jula.",bib6582,yes +3816-LEI-2,3816,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6067,no +3816-vitality-2,3816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6067,no +3816-LEI-3,3816,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7886,no +3816-vitality-3,3816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7886,no 3816-LEI-4,3816,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3816-vitality-4,3816,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3817-context-1,3817,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, Moore"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib4448,no +3817-context-1,3817,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, Moore"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib4469,no 3817-context-2,3817,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, M\u00f2or\u00e9""}",,Also use Fulfulde [fuh] or Mòoré [mos].,bib67,yes 3817-location-1,3817,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Sanmatenga Province, near Pensa."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.35653, -1.058613]]}",,,bib67,yes -3817-speakers-1,3817,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib4448,no +3817-speakers-1,3817,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib4469,no 3817-speaker_number-2,3817,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3817-speakers-2,3817,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 3817-LEI-1,3817,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages.,bib67,yes 3817-transmission-1,3817,transmission,1,transmission-1,All ages.,bib67,yes 3817-vitality-1,3817,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All ages.,bib67,yes -3818-context-1,3818,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula; French;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Tiéfo have abandoned their language in favor of Jula, presumably as a result of a perceived social advantage to be gained by using Jula. Along with abandoning their language, they have also abandoned their traditional beliefs and have converted to Islam. In Dramandougou Tiéfo, where villagers have held off the influence of Jula in favor of the Tiéfo language, the inhabitants have likewise resisted Islam in favor of their traditional, animistic religion. ... The Tiéfo seem to place a high value on attending school and learning French. ... Through a source in Banfora, we learned of the presence of at least 2 dialects.",bib888,yes -3818-location-1,3818,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The general Ti\u00e9fo territory lies to the south of Bobo-Dioulasso in the provinces of Como\u00e9 and Houet. There are Ti\u00e9fo villages located in the departments of Ti\u00e9fora and Sid\u00e9radougou in the Como\u00e9 province and in the departments of Bobo-Dioulasso, P\u00e9ni, and Karankasso-Vigu\u00e9 in the Houet province. According to Kerstin Winkelmann, the following villages are ethnically Ti\u00e9fo: Dramandougou, Nyafogo, Koumandara, D\u00e9gu\u00e9-D\u00e9gu\u00e9, Derege, Laranfiera, Mousoubadougou, Yegere, Dabokeri, Noumouso, Tanga, Yanga, Kiefandougou, Dandougou, Kadio, Farajan, Sourkoutomo, Me, Matourkou, Damogan, Tien, and Kodala (Winkelmann 1996:165). All together, this area of about 20 small villages covers approximately 1,500 km2. The only known village where Ti\u00e9fo is presently spoken is Dramandougou Ti\u00e9fo, a village located in the department of Ti\u00e9fora in the province of Como\u00e9. Winkelmann also notes that certain older people of Nyafogo and Noumoudara still know some of their language (Winkelmann 1996:166)."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.816667, -4.55]]}",,,bib888,yes +3818-context-1,3818,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula; French;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Tiéfo have abandoned their language in favor of Jula, presumably as a result of a perceived social advantage to be gained by using Jula. Along with abandoning their language, they have also abandoned their traditional beliefs and have converted to Islam. In Dramandougou Tiéfo, where villagers have held off the influence of Jula in favor of the Tiéfo language, the inhabitants have likewise resisted Islam in favor of their traditional, animistic religion. ... The Tiéfo seem to place a high value on attending school and learning French. ... Through a source in Banfora, we learned of the presence of at least 2 dialects.",bib892,yes +3818-location-1,3818,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The general Ti\u00e9fo territory lies to the south of Bobo-Dioulasso in the provinces of Como\u00e9 and Houet. There are Ti\u00e9fo villages located in the departments of Ti\u00e9fora and Sid\u00e9radougou in the Como\u00e9 province and in the departments of Bobo-Dioulasso, P\u00e9ni, and Karankasso-Vigu\u00e9 in the Houet province. According to Kerstin Winkelmann, the following villages are ethnically Ti\u00e9fo: Dramandougou, Nyafogo, Koumandara, D\u00e9gu\u00e9-D\u00e9gu\u00e9, Derege, Laranfiera, Mousoubadougou, Yegere, Dabokeri, Noumouso, Tanga, Yanga, Kiefandougou, Dandougou, Kadio, Farajan, Sourkoutomo, Me, Matourkou, Damogan, Tien, and Kodala (Winkelmann 1996:165). All together, this area of about 20 small villages covers approximately 1,500 km2. The only known village where Ti\u00e9fo is presently spoken is Dramandougou Ti\u00e9fo, a village located in the department of Ti\u00e9fora in the province of Como\u00e9. Winkelmann also notes that certain older people of Nyafogo and Noumoudara still know some of their language (Winkelmann 1996:166)."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.816667, -4.55]]}",,,bib892,yes 3818-location-2,3818,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Como\u00e9 Province, east of Toussiana, Dramandougou Ti\u00e9fo, 1 village. Ethnic Ti\u00e9fo in about 20 villages, into Houet Province.""}",,,bib67,no 3818-speaker_number-1,3818,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3818-speakers-1,3818,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3818-speaker_number-2,3818,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Tiéfo population numbers between 12,000 and 15,000, according to calculations based on the 1985 Burkina census (INSD 1991), and attempting to take into account both population growth and the percentage of villagers who would not be Tiéfo. It is important to note, however, that there are presently around 1,000 Tiéfo who speak their mother tongue.",bib888,yes -3818-speakers-2,3818,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Tiéfo population numbers between 12,000 and 15,000, according to calculations based on the 1985 Burkina census (INSD 1991), and attempting to take into account both population growth and the percentage of villagers who would not be Tiéfo. It is important to note, however, that there are presently around 1,000 Tiéfo who speak their mother tongue.",bib888,yes +3818-speaker_number-2,3818,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Tiéfo population numbers between 12,000 and 15,000, according to calculations based on the 1985 Burkina census (INSD 1991), and attempting to take into account both population growth and the percentage of villagers who would not be Tiéfo. It is important to note, however, that there are presently around 1,000 Tiéfo who speak their mother tongue.",bib892,yes +3818-speakers-2,3818,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Tiéfo population numbers between 12,000 and 15,000, according to calculations based on the 1985 Burkina census (INSD 1991), and attempting to take into account both population growth and the percentage of villagers who would not be Tiéfo. It is important to note, however, that there are presently around 1,000 Tiéfo who speak their mother tongue.",bib892,yes 3818-speaker_number-3,3818,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number and ethnic population data are from SIL(1995).,bib67,no 3818-speakers-3,3818,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data are from SIL(1995).,bib67,no 3818-LEI-1,3818,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3818-vitality-1,3818,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3818-LEI-2,3818,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib888,yes -3818-transmission-2,3818,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib888,yes -3818-domains_of_use-2,3818,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib888,yes -3818-speaker_number_trends-2,3818,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib888,yes -3818-vitality-2,3818,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib888,yes +3818-LEI-2,3818,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib892,yes +3818-transmission-2,3818,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib892,yes +3818-domains_of_use-2,3818,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib892,yes +3818-speaker_number_trends-2,3818,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib892,yes +3818-vitality-2,3818,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib892,yes 3818-LEI-3,3818,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3818-vitality-3,3818,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3819-location-1,3819,location,"{""Places"": [""L\u00e9raba Province, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Die Wara leben in der s\u00fcdwestlichen Provinz Le\u0301raba (vor 1996 zum Verwaltungsgebiet Comoe\u0301 geh\u00f6rend) in Burkina Faso, nah der Grenze zu Mali. Ihr Wohngebiet l\u00e4sst sich am besten durch ein leichschenkeliges Dreieck von etwa 10 km L\u00e4nge beschreiben, das in seiner gr\u00f6\u00dften Ausdehnung von 5\u030a 21' bis zu 5\u030a 26' westlicher L\u00e4nge und von 10\u030a 34' bis zu 10\u030a 40' n\u00f6rdlicher Breite reicht. Es liegt im Bereich von s\u00fcdlichen Ausl\u00e4ufern eines langgestreckten Plateaus, das sich von Beregadugu vorerst in westlicher Richtung bis zur Le\u0301raba-Occidentale ausdehnt, dann seinen Verlauf nach Nordwesten \u00e4ndert, um sich weit \u00fcber die Landesgrenze nach Mali zu erstrecken...""}",,"Das Wohngebiet der Wara, das sich früher fast ausschließlich in den steil aufsteigenden Falaises erstreckte und die treffende Eigenbezeichnung ""Sama nyambese"" trägt, wird aus den Dörfern Niansogoni..., Uturu (Otu), Surani (Suom), Negeni (Nigimu) und Faniagara (Pala) gebildet. Nördlich von Negeni lagen noch drei weitere, sehr kleine Wara-Orte: Mai und Pansa, die schon lange verlassen wurden, sowie Klani (Tyeni), in dem bei meinem Besuch im Jahr 1986 nur noch vier Personen ihren festen Wohnsitz hatten...",bib7415,no -3819-location-3,3819,location,"{""Places"": [""Comoe\u0301 Province, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Living in the Comoe\u0301 Province of Burkina Faso, west of Banfora near the town of Sindou. Formerly the Samwe speakers settled on the rocky hills dominating the plain of the Lerbara. Nowadays they have left the hills.""}",,,bib7860,no +3819-location-1,3819,location,"{""Places"": [""L\u00e9raba Province, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Die Wara leben in der s\u00fcdwestlichen Provinz Le\u0301raba (vor 1996 zum Verwaltungsgebiet Comoe\u0301 geh\u00f6rend) in Burkina Faso, nah der Grenze zu Mali. Ihr Wohngebiet l\u00e4sst sich am besten durch ein leichschenkeliges Dreieck von etwa 10 km L\u00e4nge beschreiben, das in seiner gr\u00f6\u00dften Ausdehnung von 5\u030a 21' bis zu 5\u030a 26' westlicher L\u00e4nge und von 10\u030a 34' bis zu 10\u030a 40' n\u00f6rdlicher Breite reicht. Es liegt im Bereich von s\u00fcdlichen Ausl\u00e4ufern eines langgestreckten Plateaus, das sich von Beregadugu vorerst in westlicher Richtung bis zur Le\u0301raba-Occidentale ausdehnt, dann seinen Verlauf nach Nordwesten \u00e4ndert, um sich weit \u00fcber die Landesgrenze nach Mali zu erstrecken...""}",,"Das Wohngebiet der Wara, das sich früher fast ausschließlich in den steil aufsteigenden Falaises erstreckte und die treffende Eigenbezeichnung ""Sama nyambese"" trägt, wird aus den Dörfern Niansogoni..., Uturu (Otu), Surani (Suom), Negeni (Nigimu) und Faniagara (Pala) gebildet. Nördlich von Negeni lagen noch drei weitere, sehr kleine Wara-Orte: Mai und Pansa, die schon lange verlassen wurden, sowie Klani (Tyeni), in dem bei meinem Besuch im Jahr 1986 nur noch vier Personen ihren festen Wohnsitz hatten...",bib7439,no +3819-location-3,3819,location,"{""Places"": [""Comoe\u0301 Province, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Living in the Comoe\u0301 Province of Burkina Faso, west of Banfora near the town of Sindou. Formerly the Samwe speakers settled on the rocky hills dominating the plain of the Lerbara. Nowadays they have left the hills.""}",,,bib7885,no 3819-location-4,3819,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Como\u00e9 Province, west of Banfora, Sindou town area. Main village is N\u00e9gu\u00e9ni."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.65, -5.4]]}",,,bib67,yes 3819-speaker_number-1,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Die Bevölkerungszahl der Wara lag mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit immer unter 3000 und wird im äußersten Südwesten des Landes nur von den Natioro und der winzigen Gruppe der Ble unterboten. Das Bevölkerungswachstum der Wara beträgt von 1939 bis 1982 gesamt 27,85%, in Niansogoni 26,29%; in den Jahren 1982 bis 1998 erreicht es in Niansogoni 65,14%!"" -Zählung für 1982: 634 in Niansogoni, 413 in Uturu, 94 in Surani, 1347 in Negeni, 230 in Faniagara; Total ist 2718. Zählung für März 1998 für Wara in Niansogoni is 1047 (davon 177 Babys, 363 Kleinkinder und Kinder, 507 Erwachsene).",bib7415,no +Zählung für 1982: 634 in Niansogoni, 413 in Uturu, 94 in Surani, 1347 in Negeni, 230 in Faniagara; Total ist 2718. Zählung für März 1998 für Wara in Niansogoni is 1047 (davon 177 Babys, 363 Kleinkinder und Kinder, 507 Erwachsene).",bib7439,no 3819-speakers-1,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,718"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Die Bevölkerungszahl der Wara lag mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit immer unter 3000 und wird im äußersten Südwesten des Landes nur von den Natioro und der winzigen Gruppe der Ble unterboten. Das Bevölkerungswachstum der Wara beträgt von 1939 bis 1982 gesamt 27,85%, in Niansogoni 26,29%; in den Jahren 1982 bis 1998 erreicht es in Niansogoni 65,14%!"" -Zählung für 1982: 634 in Niansogoni, 413 in Uturu, 94 in Surani, 1347 in Negeni, 230 in Faniagara; Total ist 2718. Zählung für März 1998 für Wara in Niansogoni is 1047 (davon 177 Babys, 363 Kleinkinder und Kinder, 507 Erwachsene).",bib7415,no -3819-speaker_number-2,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"L'ethnie appelée Wara est une population... [recensée] dans cinq villages lesquels sont: Négueni (988 habitants), Outourou (265 h.), Niansogoni (412 h.), Sourani (95 h.), Faniagara (142 h.). En outre, ils forment un quartier de Noussoun où leur nombre peut être estimé à 300. Il y aurait ainsi environ 2,200 Wara. Ils se dénomment au singulier Saməni, au pluriel Samaa; ils utilisent pour désigner leur langue le mot Samoe.",bib6043,no -3819-speakers-2,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"L'ethnie appelée Wara est une population... [recensée] dans cinq villages lesquels sont: Négueni (988 habitants), Outourou (265 h.), Niansogoni (412 h.), Sourani (95 h.), Faniagara (142 h.). En outre, ils forment un quartier de Noussoun où leur nombre peut être estimé à 300. Il y aurait ainsi environ 2,200 Wara. Ils se dénomment au singulier Saməni, au pluriel Samaa; ils utilisent pour désigner leur langue le mot Samoe.",bib6043,no -3819-speaker_number-3,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Samwe language (sàmóe), in the literature called 'Wara', is spoken by approximately 4,500 people (the Sàmá, sg. Sàmíní)...",bib7860,no -3819-speakers-3,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Samwe language (sàmóe), in the literature called 'Wara', is spoken by approximately 4,500 people (the Sàmá, sg. Sàmíní)...",bib7860,no +Zählung für 1982: 634 in Niansogoni, 413 in Uturu, 94 in Surani, 1347 in Negeni, 230 in Faniagara; Total ist 2718. Zählung für März 1998 für Wara in Niansogoni is 1047 (davon 177 Babys, 363 Kleinkinder und Kinder, 507 Erwachsene).",bib7439,no +3819-speaker_number-2,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"L'ethnie appelée Wara est une population... [recensée] dans cinq villages lesquels sont: Négueni (988 habitants), Outourou (265 h.), Niansogoni (412 h.), Sourani (95 h.), Faniagara (142 h.). En outre, ils forment un quartier de Noussoun où leur nombre peut être estimé à 300. Il y aurait ainsi environ 2,200 Wara. Ils se dénomment au singulier Saməni, au pluriel Samaa; ils utilisent pour désigner leur langue le mot Samoe.",bib6067,no +3819-speakers-2,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"L'ethnie appelée Wara est une population... [recensée] dans cinq villages lesquels sont: Négueni (988 habitants), Outourou (265 h.), Niansogoni (412 h.), Sourani (95 h.), Faniagara (142 h.). En outre, ils forment un quartier de Noussoun où leur nombre peut être estimé à 300. Il y aurait ainsi environ 2,200 Wara. Ils se dénomment au singulier Saməni, au pluriel Samaa; ils utilisent pour désigner leur langue le mot Samoe.",bib6067,no +3819-speaker_number-3,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Samwe language (sàmóe), in the literature called 'Wara', is spoken by approximately 4,500 people (the Sàmá, sg. Sàmíní)...",bib7885,no +3819-speakers-3,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Samwe language (sàmóe), in the literature called 'Wara', is spoken by approximately 4,500 people (the Sàmá, sg. Sàmíní)...",bib7885,no 3819-speaker_number-4,3819,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from Johnstone (1993).,bib67,yes 3819-speakers-4,3819,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from Johnstone (1993).,bib67,yes -3819-LEI-1,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7415,no -3819-vitality-1,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7415,no -3819-LEI-2,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6043,no -3819-vitality-2,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6043,no -3819-LEI-3,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7860,no -3819-vitality-3,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7860,no +3819-LEI-1,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7439,no +3819-vitality-1,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7439,no +3819-LEI-2,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6067,no +3819-vitality-2,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6067,no +3819-LEI-3,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7885,no +3819-vitality-3,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7885,no 3819-LEI-4,3819,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3819-vitality-4,3819,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3829-context-1,3829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tangoa""}",,,bib7937,no -3829-context-2,3829,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama and Tangoa are used in most domains, including in the church. English is the language of education, but Bislama is often used in schools.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, Tangoa, English""}",,,bib2744,yes -3829-location-1,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Araki Island""}",,,bib2728,no +3829-context-1,3829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tangoa""}",,,bib7962,no +3829-context-2,3829,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bislama and Tangoa are used in most domains, including in the church. English is the language of education, but Bislama is often used in schools.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, Tangoa, English""}",,,bib2758,yes +3829-location-1,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Araki Island""}",,,bib2742,no 3829-location-2,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Araki Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.6666666667, 166.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 3829-location-3,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -3829-location-4,3829,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.6322, 166.9413]]}",,,bib5307,no -3829-location-5,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Araki"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.631782, 166.952889]]}",,,bib395,no -3829-location-6,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Araki Island off South Santo""}",,,bib7937,no -3829-location-7,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on a small island called Araki, about 3 miles off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo. The island is roughly 2.5 square kilometers."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.632, 166.952]]}",,,bib2744,yes -3829-speaker_number-1,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2728,no -3829-speakers-1,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2728,no +3829-location-4,3829,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.6322, 166.9413]]}",,,bib5330,no +3829-location-5,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Araki"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.631782, 166.952889]]}",,,bib396,no +3829-location-6,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Araki Island off South Santo""}",,,bib7962,no +3829-location-7,3829,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on a small island called Araki, about 3 miles off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo. The island is roughly 2.5 square kilometers."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.632, 166.952]]}",,,bib2758,yes +3829-speaker_number-1,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2742,no +3829-speakers-1,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2742,no 3829-speaker_number-2,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 3829-speakers-2,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -3829-speaker_number-3,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3829-speakers-3,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3829-speakers-4,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8""}",,,bib395,no +3829-speaker_number-3,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3829-speakers-3,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3829-speakers-4,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8""}",,,bib396,no 3829-speaker_number-5,3829,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3829-speakers-5,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3829-speaker_number-6,3829,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.",bib7937,no -3829-speakers-6,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.",bib7937,no -3829-speaker_number-7,3829,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.),bib2744,yes -3829-speakers-7,3829,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15""}",,More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.),bib2744,yes -3829-LEI-1,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3829-vitality-1,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +3829-speaker_number-6,3829,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.",bib7962,no +3829-speakers-6,3829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.",bib7962,no +3829-speaker_number-7,3829,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.),bib2758,yes +3829-speakers-7,3829,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""about 100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15""}",,More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.),bib2758,yes +3829-LEI-1,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3829-vitality-1,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 3829-LEI-2,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3829-vitality-2,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3829-LEI-3,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3829-vitality-3,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3829-LEI-3,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3829-vitality-3,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3829-LEI-4,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3829-vitality-4,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3829-LEI-5,3829,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children switching to Tangoa,bib7937,no -3829-vitality-5,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children switching to Tangoa,bib7937,no -3829-LEI-6,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2744,yes -3829-transmission-6,3829,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2744,yes -3829-domains_of_use-6,3829,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2744,yes -3829-speaker_number_trends-6,3829,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2744,yes -3829-vitality-6,3829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2744,yes -3832-context-1,3832,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,yes +3829-LEI-5,3829,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children switching to Tangoa,bib7962,no +3829-vitality-5,3829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children switching to Tangoa,bib7962,no +3829-LEI-6,3829,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2758,yes +3829-transmission-6,3829,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2758,yes +3829-domains_of_use-6,3829,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2758,yes +3829-speaker_number_trends-6,3829,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2758,yes +3829-vitality-6,3829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.",bib2758,yes +3832-context-1,3832,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,yes 3832-location-1,3832,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3832-location-2,3832,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.53391918, 134.2028228]]}",,,bib1182,no -3832-speaker_number-1,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3832-speakers-1,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3832-location-2,3832,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.53391918, 134.2028228]]}",,,bib1191,no +3832-speaker_number-1,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3832-speakers-1,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3832-speaker_number-2,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Sharpe (1991).,bib67,no 3832-speakers-2,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Sharpe (1991).,bib67,no 3832-speaker_number-3,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3832-speakers-3,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3832-speaker_number-4,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3832-speakers-4,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3832-speaker_number-4,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3832-speakers-4,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3832-speaker_number-5,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3832-speakers-5,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3832-speaker_number-6,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -3832-speakers-6,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,,bib7937,yes -3832-LEI-1,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3832-vitality-1,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3832-speaker_number-6,3832,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +3832-speakers-6,3832,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4""}",,,bib7962,yes +3832-LEI-1,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3832-vitality-1,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3832-LEI-2,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3832-vitality-2,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3832-LEI-3,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3832-vitality-3,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3832-LEI-4,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3832-vitality-4,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3832-LEI-4,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3832-vitality-4,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3832-LEI-5,3832,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3832-vitality-5,3832,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3832-LEI-6,3832,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7937,yes -3832-transmission-6,3832,transmission,5,transmission-5,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7937,yes -3832-vitality-6,3832,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7937,yes +3832-LEI-6,3832,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7962,yes +3832-transmission-6,3832,transmission,5,transmission-5,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7962,yes +3832-vitality-6,3832,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Young people hardly understand a little Alawa.,bib7962,yes 3833-location-1,3833,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.108169, 76.166224]]}",,,bib67,yes 3833-speaker_number-1,3833,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3833-speakers-1,3833,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -40083,161 +40269,161 @@ Zählung für 1982: 634 in Niansogoni, 413 in Uturu, 94 in Surani, 1347 in Negen 3833-LEI-2,3833,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3833-vitality-2,3833,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3834-context-1,3834,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -3834-location-1,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Espiritu Santu.""}",,,bib2728,no -3834-location-2,3834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4933, 166.9846]]}",,,bib5307,no -3834-location-3,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.526286, 166.952718]]}",,,bib395,no +3834-location-1,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on Espiritu Santu.""}",,,bib2742,no +3834-location-2,3834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.4933, 166.9846]]}",,,bib5330,no +3834-location-3,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.526286, 166.952718]]}",,,bib396,no 3834-location-4,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Sanma Province, South Santo.""}",,,bib69,no -3834-location-5,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland in southeastern Santo.""}",,,bib7937,yes -3834-speaker_number-1,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -3834-speakers-1,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no -3834-speaker_number-2,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3834-speakers-2,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3834-speaker_number-3,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -3834-speakers-3,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +3834-location-5,3834,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Inland in southeastern Santo.""}",,,bib7962,yes +3834-speaker_number-1,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +3834-speakers-1,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no +3834-speaker_number-2,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3834-speakers-2,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3834-speaker_number-3,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +3834-speakers-3,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 3834-speaker_number-4,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3834-speakers-4,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3834-speaker_number-5,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 3834-speakers-5,3834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -3834-speaker_number-6,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there may be over 100 speakers.,bib7937,yes -3834-speakers-6,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there may be over 100 speakers.,bib7937,yes -3834-LEI-1,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3834-vitality-1,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -3834-LEI-2,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3834-vitality-2,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3834-LEI-3,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -3834-vitality-3,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +3834-speaker_number-6,3834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,150 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there may be over 100 speakers.,bib7962,yes +3834-speakers-6,3834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,150 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there may be over 100 speakers.,bib7962,yes +3834-LEI-1,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3834-vitality-1,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +3834-LEI-2,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3834-vitality-2,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3834-LEI-3,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +3834-vitality-3,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 3834-LEI-4,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3834-vitality-4,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3834-LEI-5,3834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3834-vitality-5,3834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3834-LEI-6,3834,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7937,yes -3834-transmission-6,3834,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7937,yes -3834-vitality-6,3834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7937,yes -3835-location-1,3835,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.45706296, 142.539093]]}",,,bib7945,no +3834-LEI-6,3834,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7962,yes +3834-transmission-6,3834,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7962,yes +3834-vitality-6,3834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children tend not to learn Amblong.,bib7962,yes +3835-location-1,3835,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.45706296, 142.539093]]}",,,bib7970,no 3835-location-2,3835,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Nuku district.""}",,,bib69,yes -3835-location-3,3835,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sumambu village""}",,,bib4545,no +3835-location-3,3835,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sumambu village""}",,,bib4566,no 3835-speaker_number-1,3835,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3835-speakers-1,3835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""176"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3835-speaker_number-2,3835,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,yes 3835-speakers-2,3835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,yes -3835-speaker_number-3,3835,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -3835-speakers-3,3835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +3835-speaker_number-3,3835,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +3835-speakers-3,3835,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 3835-LEI-1,3835,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3835-vitality-1,3835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3835-LEI-2,3835,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes 3835-transmission-2,3835,transmission,2,transmission-2,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes 3835-vitality-2,3835,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Most adults over the age of 30.,bib69,yes -3835-LEI-3,3835,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3835-vitality-3,3835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3836-location-1,3836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7327, -49.1088]]}",,,bib5307,no +3835-LEI-3,3835,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3835-vitality-3,3835,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3836-location-1,3836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7327, -49.1088]]}",,,bib5330,no 3836-location-2,3836,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, S\u00e3o Domingos do Capim municipality, on the Capim River.""}",,,bib67,yes 3836-speakers-1,3836,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""192"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known speakers. The number for the ethnic population is from ISA (2001). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 190 (2001 ISA) (2013).",bib67,yes 3836-LEI-1,3836,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,yes 3836-vitality-1,3836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,yes -3839-context-1,3839,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Arabic has prestige"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Rural children occasionally don't learn much Arabic at home and then struggle with it in school. Their Neo-Aramaic often gets somewhat Arabic-ized (affixes, noun shape)",bib557,yes -3839-location-1,3839,location,"{""Places"": [""Ma\u1d9cl\u016bla, Bax\u1d9ca, \u01e6ubb\u1d9cad\u012bn""]}",,"Alle drei Orte liegen im Qalamun-Gebirge, etwa 60 km nordlich von Damaskus. Ich mietete in Malula eine Wohnung, da sich von Malula aus die beiden anderen Orte, Baxa und Gubbadin, in jeweils einer Stunde zu Fuss erreichen lassen.",bib557,yes +3839-context-1,3839,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Arabic has prestige"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Rural children occasionally don't learn much Arabic at home and then struggle with it in school. Their Neo-Aramaic often gets somewhat Arabic-ized (affixes, noun shape)",bib560,yes +3839-location-1,3839,location,"{""Places"": [""Ma\u1d9cl\u016bla, Bax\u1d9ca, \u01e6ubb\u1d9cad\u012bn""]}",,"Alle drei Orte liegen im Qalamun-Gebirge, etwa 60 km nordlich von Damaskus. Ich mietete in Malula eine Wohnung, da sich von Malula aus die beiden anderen Orte, Baxa und Gubbadin, in jeweils einer Stunde zu Fuss erreichen lassen.",bib560,yes 3839-location-2,3839,location,"{""Places"": [""Syria""]}",,,bib67,no -3839-location-3,3839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5039, 36.3248]]}",,,bib3725,no -3839-location-4,3839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8339, 36.5405]]}",,,bib5307,no +3839-location-3,3839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.5039, 36.3248]]}",,,bib3744,no +3839-location-4,3839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.8339, 36.5405]]}",,,bib5330,no 3839-location-5,3839,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.82, 36.48]]}",,,bib75,no -3839-speakers-1,3839,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1985""}",,,bib557,yes +3839-speakers-1,3839,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1985""}",,,bib560,yes 3839-speaker_number-2,3839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,000 in Maaloula.",bib67,no 3839-speakers-2,3839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"8,000 in Maaloula.",bib67,no -3839-speaker_number-3,3839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3839-speakers-3,3839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3839-speaker_number-3,3839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3839-speakers-3,3839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3839-speaker_number-4,3839,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3839-speakers-4,3839,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3839-LEI-1,3839,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib557,yes -3839-domains_of_use-1,3839,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib557,yes -3839-vitality-1,3839,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib557,yes +3839-LEI-1,3839,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib560,yes +3839-domains_of_use-1,3839,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib560,yes +3839-vitality-1,3839,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Although Western Neo-Aramaic is largely considered a dying language, it is still extremely active in the three villages the author visited, used within the home and around the village.",bib560,yes 3839-LEI-2,3839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3839-vitality-2,3839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3839-LEI-3,3839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3839-vitality-3,3839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3839-LEI-3,3839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3839-vitality-3,3839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3839-LEI-4,3839,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3839-vitality-4,3839,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3840-context-1,3840,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Warlpiri, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speakers""}",,"“The respondent who provided the information for Anmatyerre commented that a lot of speakers are multilingual and switch between Anmatyerre, Warlpiri and English,with Warlpiri being the primary language.”",bib7416,yes +3840-context-1,3840,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Warlpiri, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speakers""}",,"“The respondent who provided the information for Anmatyerre commented that a lot of speakers are multilingual and switch between Anmatyerre, Warlpiri and English,with Warlpiri being the primary language.”",bib7440,yes 3840-location-1,3840,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3840-location-2,3840,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.98277477, 133.4290339]]}",,,bib1182,no -3840-location-3,3840,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Australia""]}",,,bib7416,yes -3840-location-4,3840,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1387,no -3840-speaker_number-1,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -3840-speakers-1,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +3840-location-2,3840,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.98277477, 133.4290339]]}",,,bib1191,no +3840-location-3,3840,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Australia""]}",,,bib7440,yes +3840-location-4,3840,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1399,no +3840-speaker_number-1,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +3840-speakers-1,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 3840-speaker_number-2,3840,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1996 census),bib67,no 3840-speakers-2,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1996 census),bib67,no 3840-speaker_number-3,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 3840-speakers-3,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -3840-speaker_number-4,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7416,yes -3840-speakers-4,3840,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""230"", ""Young Adults"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""501-1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""46""}",,,bib7416,yes +3840-speaker_number-4,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7440,yes +3840-speakers-4,3840,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""230"", ""Young Adults"": ""322"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""501-1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""46""}",,,bib7440,yes 3840-speaker_number-5,3840,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3840-speakers-5,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3840-speaker_number-6,3840,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,no -3840-speakers-6,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,no -3840-LEI-1,3840,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3840-vitality-1,3840,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3840-speaker_number-6,3840,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,no +3840-speakers-6,3840,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,no +3840-LEI-1,3840,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3840-vitality-1,3840,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3840-LEI-2,3840,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3840-vitality-2,3840,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3840-LEI-4,3840,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3840-vitality-4,3840,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3840-LEI-5,3840,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7416,yes -3840-transmission-5,3840,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7416,yes -3840-speaker_number_trends-5,3840,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7416,yes -3840-vitality-5,3840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7416,yes +3840-LEI-5,3840,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7440,yes +3840-transmission-5,3840,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7440,yes +3840-speaker_number_trends-5,3840,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7440,yes +3840-vitality-5,3840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"While Anmatyerre appears to be used by most members of the community, the source gives no information on its stance in the government or institutions beyond.",bib7440,yes 3840-LEI-6,3840,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3840-vitality-6,3840,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3840-LEI-7,3840,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1387,no -3840-transmission-7,3840,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1387,no -3840-domains_of_use-7,3840,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1387,no -3840-speaker_number_trends-7,3840,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1387,no -3840-vitality-7,3840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1387,no -3842-location-1,3842,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.48211057, 142.3743784]]}",,,bib1182,no +3840-LEI-7,3840,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1399,no +3840-transmission-7,3840,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1399,no +3840-domains_of_use-7,3840,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1399,no +3840-speaker_number_trends-7,3840,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1399,no +3840-vitality-7,3840,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Anmatyerre",bib1399,no +3842-location-1,3842,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.48211057, 142.3743784]]}",,,bib1191,no 3842-location-2,3842,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3842-speaker_number-1,3842,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3842-speakers-1,3842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3842-speaker_number-2,3842,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3842-speakers-2,3842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3842-speaker_number-2,3842,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3842-speakers-2,3842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3842-speakers-3,3842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm (2003).,bib67,no 3842-LEI-1,3842,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3842-vitality-1,3842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3842-LEI-2,3842,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3842-vitality-2,3842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3842-LEI-2,3842,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3842-vitality-2,3842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3842-LEI-3,3842,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3842-vitality-3,3842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 3845-context-1,3845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Very few""}",,Almost the entire community of Jarawa is monolingual.,bib255,no 3845-location-1,3845,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -3845-location-2,3845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.61, 92.66]]}",,,bib3264,no +3845-location-2,3845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.61, 92.66]]}",,,bib3280,no 3845-location-3,3845,location,"{""Places"": [""Andaman Island""], ""Description"": ""Tiroor, R K Nalla, and Kadamtalla""}",,,bib255,no 3845-speaker_number-1,3845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Abbi (2006).,bib67,no 3845-speakers-1,3845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from A. Abbi (2006).,bib67,no -3845-speaker_number-2,3845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3845-speakers-2,3845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3845-speaker_number-2,3845,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3845-speakers-2,3845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3845-speaker_number-3,3845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A rough estimate is that 70-80 Jarawa reside in Tiroor, about 90-100 in R K Nalla and around 125 in Kadamtalla.",bib255,no 3845-speakers-3,3845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A rough estimate is that 70-80 Jarawa reside in Tiroor, about 90-100 in R K Nalla and around 125 in Kadamtalla.",bib255,no 3845-speaker_number-4,3845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3845-speakers-4,3845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3845-speaker_number-5,3845,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""When I visited the area in Feb–March 2007, the Jarawa population was 273. Now they have crossed 340 (gathered from personal communication with the -Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 20)",bib4404,yes +Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 20)",bib4425,yes 3845-speakers-5,3845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""When I visited the area in Feb–March 2007, the Jarawa population was 273. Now they have crossed 340 (gathered from personal communication with the -Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 20)",bib4404,yes +Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 20)",bib4425,yes 3845-LEI-1,3845,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3845-vitality-1,3845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3845-LEI-2,3845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3845-vitality-2,3845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3845-LEI-2,3845,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3845-vitality-2,3845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3845-LEI-3,3845,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib255,no 3845-domains_of_use-3,3845,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib255,no 3845-vitality-3,3845,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib255,no 3845-LEI-4,3845,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3845-vitality-4,3845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3845-LEI-5,3845,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4404,yes -3845-transmission-5,3845,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4404,yes -3845-domains_of_use-5,3845,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4404,yes -3845-vitality-5,3845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4404,yes +3845-LEI-5,3845,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4425,yes +3845-transmission-5,3845,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4425,yes +3845-domains_of_use-5,3845,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4425,yes +3845-vitality-5,3845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4425,yes 3847-location-1,3847,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, a few older adults in Tewara, Lewada, and Mutam villages.""}",,,bib68,yes -3847-location-2,3847,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.424996376, 142.9303589]]}",,,bib7945,no +3847-location-2,3847,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.424996376, 142.9303589]]}",,,bib7970,no 3847-speaker_number-1,3847,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(SIL),bib68,yes 3847-speakers-1,3847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(SIL),bib68,yes 3847-speaker_number-2,3847,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no @@ -40247,174 +40433,174 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3847-vitality-1,3847,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib68,yes 3847-LEI-2,3847,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3847-vitality-2,3847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3849-context-1,3849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,Arho¨ speakers are bilingual in Ajie¨,bib7937,no +3849-context-1,3849,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,Arho¨ speakers are bilingual in Ajie¨,bib7962,no 3849-location-1,3849,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3849-location-2,3849,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Poya."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.349242, 165.160346]]}",,,bib20,no -3849-location-3,3849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.274, 165.0503]]}",,,bib5307,no -3849-location-4,3849,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast, on the coast and inland, around Poya town.""}",,,bib7937,no -3849-speaker_number-1,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Reported to be near extinction.,bib1657,no -3849-speakers-1,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Reported to be near extinction.,bib1657,no +3849-location-3,3849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.274, 165.0503]]}",,,bib5330,no +3849-location-4,3849,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""central southwestern coast, on the coast and inland, around Poya town.""}",,,bib7962,no +3849-speaker_number-1,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Reported to be near extinction.,bib1669,no +3849-speakers-1,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Reported to be near extinction.,bib1669,no 3849-speaker_number-2,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census. The number of native speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 3849-speakers-2,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census. The number of native speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 3849-speaker_number-3,3849,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 3849-speakers-3,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""349"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -3849-speaker_number-4,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3849-speakers-4,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3849-speaker_number-4,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3849-speakers-4,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3849-speaker_number-5,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3849-speakers-5,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3849-speaker_number-6,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,10-100 speakers reported in 1982. Now it is only a small number.,bib7937,no -3849-speakers-6,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,10-100 speakers reported in 1982. Now it is only a small number.,bib7937,no -3849-LEI-1,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1657,no -3849-vitality-1,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1657,no +3849-speaker_number-6,3849,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,10-100 speakers reported in 1982. Now it is only a small number.,bib7962,no +3849-speakers-6,3849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,10-100 speakers reported in 1982. Now it is only a small number.,bib7962,no +3849-LEI-1,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1669,no +3849-vitality-1,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1669,no 3849-LEI-2,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3849-vitality-2,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3849-LEI-3,3849,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 3849-vitality-3,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -3849-LEI-4,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3849-vitality-4,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3849-LEI-4,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3849-vitality-4,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3849-LEI-5,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3849-vitality-5,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3849-LEI-6,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3849-vitality-6,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -3851-location-1,3851,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Formerly spoken on Santo Island""}",,,bib1913,yes -3851-location-2,3851,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5767, 167.1638]]}",,,bib5307,no -3851-location-3,3851,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Aore"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.58797, 167.211754]]}",,,bib395,no -3851-speakers-1,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib2728,no +3849-LEI-6,3849,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3849-vitality-6,3849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +3851-location-1,3851,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Formerly spoken on Santo Island""}",,,bib1925,yes +3851-location-2,3851,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5767, 167.1638]]}",,,bib5330,no +3851-location-3,3851,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Aore"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.58797, 167.211754]]}",,,bib396,no +3851-speakers-1,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib2742,no 3851-speakers-2,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,,bib67,no -3851-speakers-3,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1913,yes -3851-speakers-4,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib395,no +3851-speakers-3,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1925,yes +3851-speakers-4,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib396,no 3851-speaker_number-5,3851,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3851-speakers-5,3851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3851-LEI-1,3851,LEI,Dormant,,,bib2728,no -3851-vitality-1,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2728,no +3851-LEI-1,3851,LEI,Dormant,,,bib2742,no +3851-vitality-1,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2742,no 3851-LEI-2,3851,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3851-vitality-2,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -3851-LEI-3,3851,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1913,yes -3851-vitality-3,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1913,yes -3851-LEI-4,3851,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib395,no -3851-vitality-4,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib395,no +3851-LEI-3,3851,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1925,yes +3851-vitality-3,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1925,yes +3851-LEI-4,3851,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib396,no +3851-vitality-4,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib396,no 3851-LEI-5,3851,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3851-vitality-5,3851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3852-location-1,3852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0, 87.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3852-location-2,3852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -3852-location-3,3852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.952, 87.3399]]}",,,bib5307,no -3852-location-4,3852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""The Apthpare live in a few villages around the market place Dhankuta in Eastern Nepal.\"" (p.11)""}",,,bib2382,yes +3852-location-3,3852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.952, 87.3399]]}",,,bib5330,no +3852-location-4,3852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""The Apthpare live in a few villages around the market place Dhankuta in Eastern Nepal.\"" (p.11)""}",,,bib2395,yes 3852-speaker_number-1,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Ebert (1995). The number of speakers is decreasing. ""439,312 all Rai languages"" (1991 census).",bib67,no 3852-speakers-1,3852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. Ebert (1995). The number of speakers is decreasing. ""439,312 all Rai languages"" (1991 census).",bib67,no -3852-speaker_number-2,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3852-speakers-2,3852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3852-speaker_number-2,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3852-speakers-2,3852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3852-speaker_number-3,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3852-speakers-3,3852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3852-speaker_number-4,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There were 3658 ethnic Athpare in the Dhankuta district in 1974 (Dahal 1985:18). The number may have increased since, but 'mixed' marriages probably also have, which usually leads parents to switch to Nepali as a family language."" (p. 11)",bib2382,yes -3852-speakers-4,3852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,658"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 3,658"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There were 3658 ethnic Athpare in the Dhankuta district in 1974 (Dahal 1985:18). The number may have increased since, but 'mixed' marriages probably also have, which usually leads parents to switch to Nepali as a family language."" (p. 11)",bib2382,yes +3852-speaker_number-4,3852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There were 3658 ethnic Athpare in the Dhankuta district in 1974 (Dahal 1985:18). The number may have increased since, but 'mixed' marriages probably also have, which usually leads parents to switch to Nepali as a family language."" (p. 11)",bib2395,yes +3852-speakers-4,3852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,658"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 3,658"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There were 3658 ethnic Athpare in the Dhankuta district in 1974 (Dahal 1985:18). The number may have increased since, but 'mixed' marriages probably also have, which usually leads parents to switch to Nepali as a family language."" (p. 11)",bib2395,yes 3852-LEI-2,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3852-vitality-2,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3852-LEI-3,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3852-vitality-3,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3852-LEI-3,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3852-vitality-3,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3852-LEI-4,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3852-vitality-4,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3852-LEI-5,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Many parents though, especially in Dhankuta and the immediate neighborhood, use Nepali with their children."" (p.11)",bib2382,yes -3852-vitality-5,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Many parents though, especially in Dhankuta and the immediate neighborhood, use Nepali with their children."" (p.11)",bib2382,yes -3856-context-1,3856,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,,bib7937,no +3852-LEI-5,3852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Many parents though, especially in Dhankuta and the immediate neighborhood, use Nepali with their children."" (p.11)",bib2395,yes +3852-vitality-5,3852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Many parents though, especially in Dhankuta and the immediate neighborhood, use Nepali with their children."" (p.11)",bib2395,yes +3856-context-1,3856,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,,bib7962,no 3856-location-1,3856,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the region of Poya."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.349242, 165.160346]]}",,,bib20,no -3856-location-2,3856,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.3047, 165.0146]]}",,,bib5307,no -3856-location-3,3856,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""west-central New Caledonia, inland from Poya, in the upper southern valleys.""}",,,bib7937,no +3856-location-2,3856,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.3047, 165.0146]]}",,,bib5330,no +3856-location-3,3856,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""west-central New Caledonia, inland from Poya, in the upper southern valleys.""}",,,bib7962,no 3856-location-4,3856,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3856-speaker_number-1,3856,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 3856-speakers-1,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -3856-speaker_number-2,3856,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3856-speakers-2,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3856-speaker_number-3,3856,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1974, 250 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7937,no -3856-speakers-3,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1974, 250 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7937,no +3856-speaker_number-2,3856,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3856-speakers-2,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3856-speaker_number-3,3856,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1974, 250 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7962,no +3856-speakers-3,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1974, 250 speakers were reported. Now they are very much fewer.",bib7962,no 3856-speaker_number-4,3856,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3856-speakers-4,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3856-speaker_number-5,3856,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(1996 census),bib67,yes 3856-speakers-5,3856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(1996 census),bib67,yes 3856-LEI-1,3856,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 3856-vitality-1,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -3856-LEI-2,3856,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3856-vitality-2,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3856-LEI-3,3856,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3856-vitality-3,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +3856-LEI-2,3856,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3856-vitality-2,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3856-LEI-3,3856,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3856-vitality-3,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 3856-LEI-4,3856,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3856-vitality-4,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3856-LEI-5,3856,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3856-vitality-5,3856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3857-location-1,3857,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3857-location-2,3857,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.30521924, 138.428335]]}",,,bib1182,no -3857-speaker_number-1,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -3857-speakers-1,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +3857-location-2,3857,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.30521924, 138.428335]]}",,,bib1191,no +3857-speaker_number-1,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +3857-speakers-1,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 3857-speakers-2,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib246,yes 3857-speakers-3,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no -3857-speakers-4,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,"No fluent speakers remain to our knowledge, but there are some part speakers.",bib1182,no -3857-speaker_number-5,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3857-speakers-5,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3857-speakers-4,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,"No fluent speakers remain to our knowledge, but there are some part speakers.",bib1191,no +3857-speaker_number-5,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3857-speakers-5,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3857-speaker_number-6,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3857-speakers-6,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3857-speaker_number-7,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -3857-speakers-7,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -3857-LEI-1,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3857-vitality-1,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3857-speaker_number-7,3857,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +3857-speakers-7,3857,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +3857-LEI-1,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3857-vitality-1,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3857-LEI-2,3857,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib246,yes 3857-vitality-2,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib246,yes 3857-LEI-3,3857,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3857-vitality-3,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -3857-LEI-4,3857,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -3857-vitality-4,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -3857-LEI-5,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3857-vitality-5,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3857-LEI-4,3857,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +3857-vitality-4,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +3857-LEI-5,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3857-vitality-5,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3857-LEI-6,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3857-vitality-6,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3857-LEI-7,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3857-vitality-7,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +3857-LEI-7,3857,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3857-vitality-7,3857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 3858-location-1,3858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.3333333333, -67.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3858-location-2,3858,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Northwest, headwaters of Manupari river, Puerto Araona near Ixiamas municipality.",bib67,no -3858-location-3,3858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.4473, -68.1372]]}",,,bib2680,no -3858-location-4,3858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.4473, -68.1372]]}",,,bib5307,yes +3858-location-3,3858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.4473, -68.1372]]}",,,bib2693,no +3858-location-4,3858,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.4473, -68.1372]]}",,,bib5330,yes 3858-location-5,3858,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"""Viven en comunidades familiares dispersas a lo largo de su territorio ... un territorio autónomo ... entre las cabeceras de los ríos Manopare y Manorimi ... entre 12∘ y 13∘ de latitude sur y los 68∘ y 67∘ de longitud oeste"" (p. 155). -[They live in family communities dispersed throughout their territory ... an autonomous territory ... between the headwaters of the Mamopare and Mamorimi rivers between 12∘ and 13∘ south latitude and 68∘ and 67∘ west longitude].",bib2471,no +[They live in family communities dispersed throughout their territory ... an autonomous territory ... between the headwaters of the Mamopare and Mamorimi rivers between 12∘ and 13∘ south latitude and 68∘ and 67∘ west longitude].",bib2484,no 3858-speaker_number-1,3858,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(Adelaar 2000). 110 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no 3858-speakers-1,3858,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""81"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(Adelaar 2000). 110 (2006 PIB) (2013).",bib67,no -3858-speaker_number-2,3858,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -3858-speakers-2,3858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes +3858-speaker_number-2,3858,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +3858-speakers-2,3858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes 3858-speaker_number-3,3858,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3858-speakers-3,3858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3858-speaker_number-4,3858,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2471,no -3858-speakers-4,3858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2471,no +3858-speaker_number-4,3858,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2484,no +3858-speakers-4,3858,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2484,no 3858-LEI-1,3858,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3858-vitality-1,3858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3858-LEI-2,3858,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3858-vitality-2,3858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3858-LEI-2,3858,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3858-vitality-2,3858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3858-LEI-3,3858,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3858-vitality-3,3858,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3858-LEI-4,3858,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2471,no -3858-transmission-4,3858,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2471,no -3858-domains_of_use-4,3858,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2471,no -3858-speaker_number_trends-4,3858,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2471,no -3858-vitality-4,3858,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2471,no -3859-location-1,3859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.069, 36.892]]}",,,bib5307,no +3858-LEI-4,3858,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2484,no +3858-transmission-4,3858,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2484,no +3858-domains_of_use-4,3858,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2484,no +3858-speaker_number_trends-4,3858,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2484,no +3858-vitality-4,3858,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""El idioma araona es hablado activamente todos los días por todos los araonas en todas las situaciones. De hecho, sólo pocos araonas tienen comunicación limitada en castellano ... monolingüismo ...",bib2484,no +3859-location-1,3859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.069, 36.892]]}",,,bib5330,no 3859-location-2,3859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.0, 36.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3859-location-3,3859,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -3859-speaker_number-1,3859,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3859-speakers-1,3859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,441"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3859-speaker_number-1,3859,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3859-speakers-1,3859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,441"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3859-speaker_number-2,3859,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 3859-speakers-2,3859,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6622"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,441"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 3859-speaker_number-3,3859,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3859-speakers-3,3859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,441"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3859-speaker_number-4,3859,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3859-speakers-4,3859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,440"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3859-LEI-1,3859,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3859-vitality-1,3859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3859-LEI-1,3859,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3859-vitality-1,3859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3859-LEI-2,3859,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 3859-vitality-2,3859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 3859-LEI-3,3859,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3859-vitality-3,3859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3859-LEI-4,3859,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3859-vitality-4,3859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3864-location-1,3864,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Ati communities in the Western Visayas, MIMAROPA, and Negros Island regions, listed by province, and including town names:\n\nIloilo Province: Anilao, Barotac Viejo, Cabatuan, Calinog, Due\u00f1as, Dumangas, Janiuay, New Lucena, Passi, San Miguel, San Rafael, Sta. Barbara, Tigbauan, San Joaquin;\nAntique Province: Anini-y, Hamtic, Tobias Fornier, San Jose;\nCapiz Province: Dumarao;\nAklan Province: Buruanga, Malay;\nGuimaras Province: Buenavista, Jordan, Sibunag, Nueva Valencia;\nNegros Occidental Province: Isabela\nRomblon Province: Odiongan and Calatrava on Tablas Island, San Jose on Carabao Island.""}",,"(Source: NCIP Visayas Regional Office, Iloilo City)",bib4701,no +3864-location-1,3864,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Ati communities in the Western Visayas, MIMAROPA, and Negros Island regions, listed by province, and including town names:\n\nIloilo Province: Anilao, Barotac Viejo, Cabatuan, Calinog, Due\u00f1as, Dumangas, Janiuay, New Lucena, Passi, San Miguel, San Rafael, Sta. Barbara, Tigbauan, San Joaquin;\nAntique Province: Anini-y, Hamtic, Tobias Fornier, San Jose;\nCapiz Province: Dumarao;\nAklan Province: Buruanga, Malay;\nGuimaras Province: Buenavista, Jordan, Sibunag, Nueva Valencia;\nNegros Occidental Province: Isabela\nRomblon Province: Odiongan and Calatrava on Tablas Island, San Jose on Carabao Island.""}",,"(Source: NCIP Visayas Regional Office, Iloilo City)",bib4723,no 3864-location-2,3864,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Western Visayas, north and west Iloilo Province, west central Capiz Province; southwest Aklan Province; Antique Province, border areas east of San Remigio; Panay island.""}",,,bib69,yes 3864-location-3,3864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.15, 122.51]]}",,,bib75,no 3864-speaker_number-1,3864,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -40425,119 +40611,119 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3864-vitality-1,3864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3864-LEI-2,3864,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 3864-vitality-2,3864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -3865-location-1,3865,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6081, 122.9155]]}",,,bib5307,no +3865-location-1,3865,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6081, 122.9155]]}",,,bib5330,no 3865-location-2,3865,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,yes -3865-speaker_number-1,3865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3865-speakers-1,3865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +3865-speaker_number-1,3865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3865-speakers-1,3865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 3865-speaker_number-2,3865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3865-speakers-2,3865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3865-speaker_number-3,3865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 3865-speakers-3,3865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -3865-LEI-1,3865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3865-vitality-1,3865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3865-LEI-1,3865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3865-vitality-1,3865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3865-LEI-2,3865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3865-vitality-2,3865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3865-LEI-3,3865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3865-vitality-3,3865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3866-location-1,3866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.535101, 49.998448]]}",,,bib1125,no -3866-location-2,3866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4861, 51.0562]]}",,,bib5307,no +3866-location-1,3866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.535101, 49.998448]]}",,,bib1134,no +3866-location-2,3866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4861, 51.0562]]}",,,bib5330,no 3866-location-3,3866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.75, 48.68]]}",,,bib75,no 3866-location-4,3866,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -3866-speaker_number-1,3866,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3866-speakers-1,3866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3866-speaker_number-1,3866,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3866-speakers-1,3866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3866-speaker_number-2,3866,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3866-speakers-2,3866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,099"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3866-speaker_number-3,3866,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3866-speakers-3,3866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -3866-LEI-2,3866,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3866-vitality-2,3866,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3866-LEI-2,3866,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3866-vitality-2,3866,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3866-LEI-3,3866,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3866-vitality-3,3866,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3866-LEI-4,3866,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3866-vitality-4,3866,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3869-context-1,3869,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"under increasing interference from Russian, the universal second language of the speakers",bib6475,yes -3869-location-1,3869,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the northeastern river valleys of the Altai region (Russian Altai), divided between the Altai (Gorno-Altai) Republic and Kemerovo Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes -3869-location-2,3869,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.2816, 87.4827]]}",,,bib5307,no +3869-context-1,3869,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"under increasing interference from Russian, the universal second language of the speakers",bib6499,yes +3869-location-1,3869,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the northeastern river valleys of the Altai region (Russian Altai), divided between the Altai (Gorno-Altai) Republic and Kemerovo Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes +3869-location-2,3869,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.2816, 87.4827]]}",,,bib5330,no 3869-location-3,3869,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Gorno-Altai Ao mountains, Mongolia and China border""}",,,bib67,no -3869-speaker_number-1,3869,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -3869-speakers-1,3869,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes +3869-speaker_number-1,3869,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +3869-speakers-1,3869,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes 3869-speaker_number-2,3869,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3869-speakers-2,3869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,098"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3869-speaker_number-3,3869,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Tubalars. Other Northern Altai speakers listed under Southern Altai [alt] in Census (2002). Ethnic population: 67,239 (including Southern Altai)",bib67,no 3869-speakers-3,3869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Tubalars. Other Northern Altai speakers listed under Southern Altai [alt] in Census (2002). Ethnic population: 67,239 (including Southern Altai)",bib67,no -3869-LEI-1,3869,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6475,yes -3869-transmission-1,3869,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6475,yes -3869-speaker_number_trends-1,3869,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6475,yes -3869-vitality-1,3869,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6475,yes +3869-LEI-1,3869,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6499,yes +3869-transmission-1,3869,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6499,yes +3869-speaker_number_trends-1,3869,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6499,yes +3869-vitality-1,3869,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The transmission of the language to children is definitely becoming rare, but it has probably not yet completely ceased; there may be tribal or local differences.",bib6499,yes 3869-LEI-2,3869,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3869-vitality-2,3869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3869-LEI-3,3869,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3869-vitality-3,3869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3871-context-1,3871,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amba, Nyisunggu, Solomon Pijin""}",,,bib7937,no -3871-location-1,3871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2982, 166.4868]]}",,,bib5307,no -3871-location-2,3871,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz archipelago, Utupua Island""}",,,bib7937,no +3871-context-1,3871,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amba, Nyisunggu, Solomon Pijin""}",,,bib7962,no +3871-location-1,3871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2982, 166.4868]]}",,,bib5330,no +3871-location-2,3871,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz archipelago, Utupua Island""}",,,bib7962,no 3871-location-3,3871,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,yes -3871-speaker_number-1,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3871-speakers-1,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3871-speaker_number-2,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Recent reports mention only twenty speakers, amongst them four child-speakers, the youngest ten years old.",bib7937,no -3871-speakers-2,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Recent reports mention only twenty speakers, amongst them four child-speakers, the youngest ten years old.",bib7937,no +3871-speaker_number-1,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3871-speakers-1,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3871-speaker_number-2,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Recent reports mention only twenty speakers, amongst them four child-speakers, the youngest ten years old.",bib7962,no +3871-speakers-2,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Recent reports mention only twenty speakers, amongst them four child-speakers, the youngest ten years old.",bib7962,no 3871-speaker_number-3,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3871-speakers-3,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3871-speaker_number-4,3871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,yes 3871-speakers-4,3871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,yes -3871-LEI-1,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3871-vitality-1,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3871-LEI-2,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers shifting to Amba.,bib7937,no -3871-vitality-2,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers shifting to Amba.,bib7937,no +3871-LEI-1,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3871-vitality-1,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3871-LEI-2,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers shifting to Amba.,bib7962,no +3871-vitality-2,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers shifting to Amba.,bib7962,no 3871-LEI-3,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3871-vitality-3,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3871-LEI-4,3871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3871-vitality-4,3871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3872-context-1,3872,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There is an elementary school on the island with a Tikopian teacher and an Anutian assistant""}",,,bib2587,yes -3872-location-1,3872,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.599272, 169.826025]]}",,,bib7945,no -3872-location-2,3872,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Anuta is a very small island, just a half mile at its widest point and .15 square miles in area. It is just over 80 miles northeast from Tikopia, the nearest inhabited island. Tikopia lies just over 630 miles to the southeast of the national capital, Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-11.611, 169.85]]}",,,bib2587,yes +3872-context-1,3872,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There is an elementary school on the island with a Tikopian teacher and an Anutian assistant""}",,,bib2600,yes +3872-location-1,3872,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.599272, 169.826025]]}",,,bib7970,no +3872-location-2,3872,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Anuta is a very small island, just a half mile at its widest point and .15 square miles in area. It is just over 80 miles northeast from Tikopia, the nearest inhabited island. Tikopia lies just over 630 miles to the southeast of the national capital, Honiara."", ""Coordinates"": [[-11.611, 169.85]]}",,,bib2600,yes 3872-location-3,3872,location,"{""Places"": [""Anuta Island, Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no 3872-speaker_number-1,3872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3872-speakers-1,3872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""267"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3872-speaker_number-2,3872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of Anuta has climbed considerably in the last few decades. Whether or not this accompanied by an expansion of the languages is unknown. The island is very small, .15 square miles, and cannot support continued population growth.",bib2587,yes -3872-speakers-2,3872,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""around 340"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""up to 340"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of Anuta has climbed considerably in the last few decades. Whether or not this accompanied by an expansion of the languages is unknown. The island is very small, .15 square miles, and cannot support continued population growth.",bib2587,yes +3872-speaker_number-2,3872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of Anuta has climbed considerably in the last few decades. Whether or not this accompanied by an expansion of the languages is unknown. The island is very small, .15 square miles, and cannot support continued population growth.",bib2600,yes +3872-speakers-2,3872,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""around 340"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""up to 340"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of Anuta has climbed considerably in the last few decades. Whether or not this accompanied by an expansion of the languages is unknown. The island is very small, .15 square miles, and cannot support continued population growth.",bib2600,yes 3872-speaker_number-3,3872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3872-speakers-3,3872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 3872-LEI-1,3872,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3872-vitality-1,3872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3872-LEI-2,3872,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is little data on the linguistic situation on Anuta. It is assumed that Anutian is used by the community, but word is needed.",bib2587,yes -3872-vitality-2,3872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There is little data on the linguistic situation on Anuta. It is assumed that Anutian is used by the community, but word is needed.",bib2587,yes +3872-LEI-2,3872,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is little data on the linguistic situation on Anuta. It is assumed that Anutian is used by the community, but word is needed.",bib2600,yes +3872-vitality-2,3872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There is little data on the linguistic situation on Anuta. It is assumed that Anutian is used by the community, but word is needed.",bib2600,yes 3872-LEI-3,3872,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Moribund,bib67,no 3872-vitality-3,3872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Moribund,bib67,no 3876-location-1,3876,location,"{""Places"": [""Para State""]}",,,bib68,no -3876-location-2,3876,location,"{""Description"": ""Para State."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.9649, -46.2084]]}",,,bib5307,no +3876-location-2,3876,location,"{""Description"": ""Para State."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.9649, -46.2084]]}",,,bib5330,no 3876-location-3,3876,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Aurá is an extinct Tupi language last spoken by two individuals in Maranhão, Brazil. Both speakers lived with the Guajá, but originally came from Pará.",bib33,yes 3876-speakers-1,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,no -3876-speaker_number-2,3876,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -3876-speakers-2,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -3876-speaker_number-3,3876,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6334,no -3876-speakers-3,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""language with less than ten speakers or only rememberers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6334,no +3876-speaker_number-2,3876,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +3876-speakers-2,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +3876-speaker_number-3,3876,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6358,no +3876-speakers-3,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""language with less than ten speakers or only rememberers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6358,no 3876-speakers-4,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurá_language: Aurá is an extinct Tupí language last spoken by two individuals in Maranhão, Brazil. Both speakers lived with the Guajá, but originally came from Pará.",bib33,yes 3876-speaker_number-5,3876,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3876-speakers-5,3876,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 3876-LEI-1,3876,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 3876-vitality-1,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -3876-LEI-2,3876,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,dormant,bib5307,no -3876-vitality-2,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,dormant,bib5307,no -3876-LEI-3,3876,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6334,no -3876-vitality-3,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6334,no +3876-LEI-2,3876,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,dormant,bib5330,no +3876-vitality-2,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,dormant,bib5330,no +3876-LEI-3,3876,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6358,no +3876-vitality-3,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6358,no 3876-LEI-4,3876,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib33,yes 3876-vitality-4,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib33,yes 3876-LEI-5,3876,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3876-vitality-5,3876,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3878-context-1,3878,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish""}",,,bib7971,yes -3878-location-1,3878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +3878-context-1,3878,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Turkish""}",,,bib7996,yes +3878-location-1,3878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 3878-location-2,3878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.01, 50.38]]}",,,bib75,no 3878-location-3,3878,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,no 3878-speakers-2,3878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -3878-LEI-1,3878,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7971,yes -3878-speaker_number_trends-1,3878,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7971,yes -3878-vitality-1,3878,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7971,yes +3878-LEI-1,3878,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7996,yes +3878-speaker_number_trends-1,3878,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7996,yes +3878-vitality-1,3878,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7996,yes 3879-location-1,3879,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso State""]}",,,bib68,yes 3879-location-2,3879,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-13.3, -53.44]]}",,,bib75,no 3879-speakers-1,3879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,yes @@ -40551,25 +40737,25 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3880-location-2,3880,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 3880-speaker_number-1,3880,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3880-speakers-1,3880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3880-speaker_number-2,3880,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -3880-speakers-2,3880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes +3880-speaker_number-2,3880,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +3880-speakers-2,3880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes 3880-speakers-3,3880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999). 100%% of speakers are monolingual.,bib67,no 3880-LEI-1,3880,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3880-vitality-1,3880,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3880-LEI-2,3880,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -3880-transmission-2,3880,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -3880-vitality-2,3880,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -3883-location-1,3883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.47173612, 143.2934448]]}",,,bib1182,no +3880-LEI-2,3880,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +3880-transmission-2,3880,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +3880-vitality-2,3880,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +3883-location-1,3883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.47173612, 143.2934448]]}",,,bib1191,no 3883-location-2,3883,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 3883-speaker_number-1,3883,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3883-speakers-1,3883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3883-speaker_number-2,3883,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3883-speakers-2,3883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +3883-speaker_number-2,3883,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3883-speakers-2,3883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 3883-speakers-3,3883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003).,bib67,no 3883-LEI-1,3883,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3883-vitality-1,3883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3883-LEI-2,3883,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3883-vitality-2,3883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +3883-LEI-2,3883,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3883-vitality-2,3883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 3883-LEI-3,3883,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 3883-vitality-3,3883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 3885-location-1,3885,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.5833333333, -97.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -40582,22 +40768,22 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3885-vitality-1,3885,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3885-LEI-2,3885,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3885-vitality-2,3885,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3887-location-1,3887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.463972092, 141.358078]]}",,,bib7945,no +3887-location-1,3887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.463972092, 141.358078]]}",,,bib7970,no 3887-location-2,3887,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district.""}",,,bib69,no -3887-location-3,3887,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Baibai, Itomi, Piemi, and Yebdibi.""}",,,bib4545,yes +3887-location-3,3887,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Baibai, Itomi, Piemi, and Yebdibi.""}",,,bib4566,yes 3887-speaker_number-1,3887,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3887-speakers-1,3887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""345"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3887-speaker_number-2,3887,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 3887-speakers-2,3887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -3887-speaker_number-3,3887,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -3887-speakers-3,3887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +3887-speaker_number-3,3887,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +3887-speakers-3,3887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 3887-LEI-1,3887,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3887-vitality-1,3887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3887-LEI-2,3887,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3887-vitality-2,3887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3887-LEI-3,3887,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -3887-vitality-3,3887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -3888-location-1,3888,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns: \""Gingin, Dorawa, 30 miles E. of Wukari on River Donga. Bambur.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[12.516358, 8.833839]]}",,,bib7838,no +3887-LEI-3,3887,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +3887-vitality-3,3887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +3888-location-1,3888,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Towns: \""Gingin, Dorawa, 30 miles E. of Wukari on River Donga. Bambur.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[12.516358, 8.833839]]}",,,bib7863,no 3888-location-2,3888,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,yes 3888-speaker_number-1,3888,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3888-speakers-1,3888,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -40607,189 +40793,189 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3888-vitality-1,3888,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3888-LEI-2,3888,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3888-vitality-2,3888,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3890-location-1,3890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5733, -16.2652]]}",,,bib5307,no +3890-location-1,3890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5733, -16.2652]]}",,,bib5330,no 3890-location-2,3890,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,yes -3890-speaker_number-1,3890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3890-speakers-1,3890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,685"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3890-speaker_number-1,3890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3890-speakers-1,3890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,685"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3890-speaker_number-2,3890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3890-speakers-2,3890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,685"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3890-speaker_number-3,3890,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3890-speakers-3,3890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,850"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3890-LEI-1,3890,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3890-vitality-1,3890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3890-LEI-1,3890,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3890-vitality-1,3890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3890-LEI-2,3890,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3890-vitality-2,3890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3890-LEI-3,3890,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3890-vitality-3,3890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3891-location-1,3891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4013, -14.4799]]}",,,bib5307,no +3891-location-1,3891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4013, -14.4799]]}",,,bib5330,no 3891-location-2,3891,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -3891-speaker_number-1,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3891-speakers-1,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3891-speaker_number-2,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,no -3891-speakers-2,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,no +3891-speaker_number-1,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3891-speakers-1,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3891-speaker_number-2,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no +3891-speakers-2,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no 3891-speaker_number-3,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3891-speakers-3,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3891-speaker_number-4,3891,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3891-speakers-4,3891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3891-LEI-1,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3891-vitality-1,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3891-LEI-2,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -3891-vitality-2,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no +3891-LEI-1,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3891-vitality-1,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3891-LEI-2,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +3891-vitality-2,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no 3891-LEI-3,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3891-vitality-3,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3891-LEI-4,3891,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3891-vitality-4,3891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3892-context-1,3892,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kriol"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Bardi people are proud of their language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""One Arm Point school is very supportive of the language at One Arm Point."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1182,yes +3892-context-1,3892,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kriol"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Bardi people are proud of their language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""One Arm Point school is very supportive of the language at One Arm Point."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1191,yes 3892-location-1,3892,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3892-location-2,3892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.50302678, 122.9331577]]}",,,bib1182,yes -3892-speaker_number-1,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3892-speakers-1,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3892-location-2,3892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.50302678, 122.9331577]]}",,,bib1191,yes +3892-speaker_number-1,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3892-speakers-1,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3892-speaker_number-2,3892,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census. ""Includes 16 Bardi dialect, 3 Jawi dialect.""",bib67,no 3892-speakers-2,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census. ""Includes 16 Bardi dialect, 3 Jawi dialect.""",bib67,no -3892-speaker_number-3,3892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of full speakers of Bardi has become much smaller in recent years, as the elders pass away. However, there are over 1000 Bardi people, many of whom are interested in their language.",bib1182,yes -3892-speakers-3,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<5""}",,"The number of full speakers of Bardi has become much smaller in recent years, as the elders pass away. However, there are over 1000 Bardi people, many of whom are interested in their language.",bib1182,yes +3892-speaker_number-3,3892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of full speakers of Bardi has become much smaller in recent years, as the elders pass away. However, there are over 1000 Bardi people, many of whom are interested in their language.",bib1191,yes +3892-speakers-3,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<5""}",,"The number of full speakers of Bardi has become much smaller in recent years, as the elders pass away. However, there are over 1000 Bardi people, many of whom are interested in their language.",bib1191,yes 3892-speaker_number-4,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3892-speakers-4,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3892-speaker_number-5,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3892-speakers-5,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3892-speaker_number-6,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by approximately 25 elderly people in northwestern Australia,bib1183,no -3892-speakers-6,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by approximately 25 elderly people in northwestern Australia,bib1183,no +3892-speaker_number-5,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3892-speakers-5,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3892-speaker_number-6,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken by approximately 25 elderly people in northwestern Australia,bib1192,no +3892-speakers-6,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken by approximately 25 elderly people in northwestern Australia,bib1192,no 3892-speaker_number-7,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3892-speakers-7,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3892-speaker_number-8,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -3892-speakers-8,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -3892-LEI-1,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3892-vitality-1,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3892-speaker_number-8,3892,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +3892-speakers-8,3892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +3892-LEI-1,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3892-vitality-1,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3892-LEI-2,3892,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3892-vitality-2,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3892-LEI-3,3892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1182,yes -3892-vitality-3,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1182,yes +3892-LEI-3,3892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1191,yes +3892-vitality-3,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1191,yes 3892-LEI-4,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3892-vitality-4,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3892-LEI-5,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3892-vitality-5,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3892-LEI-6,3892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1183,no -3892-transmission-6,3892,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1183,no -3892-vitality-6,3892,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1183,no +3892-LEI-5,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3892-vitality-5,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3892-LEI-6,3892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1192,no +3892-transmission-6,3892,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1192,no +3892-vitality-6,3892,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1192,no 3892-LEI-7,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3892-vitality-7,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3892-LEI-8,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3892-vitality-8,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -3893-context-1,3893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7937,yes +3892-LEI-8,3892,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3892-vitality-8,3892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +3893-context-1,3893,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol""}",,,bib7962,yes 3893-location-1,3893,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3893-location-2,3893,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.69419801, 125.5950823]]}",,,bib1182,no -3893-speaker_number-1,3893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -3893-speakers-1,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +3893-location-2,3893,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.69419801, 125.5950823]]}",,,bib1191,no +3893-speaker_number-1,3893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +3893-speakers-1,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 3893-speaker_number-2,3893,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 3893-speakers-2,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 3893-speaker_number-4,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3893-speakers-4,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3893-speaker_number-5,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3893-speakers-5,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3893-speaker_number-5,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3893-speakers-5,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3893-speaker_number-6,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3893-speakers-6,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3893-speaker_number-7,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""a few tens.""",bib7937,yes -3893-speakers-7,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""a few tens.""",bib7937,yes -3893-LEI-1,3893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3893-vitality-1,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3893-speaker_number-7,3893,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Speaker number: ""a few tens.""",bib7962,yes +3893-speakers-7,3893,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Speaker number: ""a few tens.""",bib7962,yes +3893-LEI-1,3893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3893-vitality-1,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3893-LEI-2,3893,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3893-vitality-2,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3893-LEI-3,3893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3893-vitality-3,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3893-LEI-4,3893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3893-vitality-4,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3893-LEI-4,3893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3893-vitality-4,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3893-LEI-5,3893,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3893-vitality-5,3893,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3893-LEI-6,3893,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -3893-transmission-6,3893,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -3893-vitality-6,3893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,yes -3895-location-1,3895,location,"{""Places"": [""Guili, District of Bourha, Department of Mayo Tsanaga, North Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib3575,no +3893-LEI-6,3893,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +3893-transmission-6,3893,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +3893-vitality-6,3893,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,yes +3895-location-1,3895,location,"{""Places"": [""Guili, District of Bourha, Department of Mayo Tsanaga, North Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib3593,no 3895-location-2,3895,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4166666667, 13.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 3895-location-3,3895,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,yes 3895-speaker_number-1,3895,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3895-speakers-1,3895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -3895-speaker_number-2,3895,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3575,no -3895-speakers-2,3895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3575,no +3895-speaker_number-2,3895,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3593,no +3895-speakers-2,3895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3593,no 3895-speaker_number-3,3895,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3895-speakers-3,3895,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 3895-LEI-1,3895,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3895-vitality-1,3895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3895-LEI-2,3895,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3575,no -3895-vitality-2,3895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3575,no +3895-LEI-2,3895,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3593,no +3895-vitality-2,3895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3593,no 3895-LEI-3,3895,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3895-vitality-3,3895,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3896-location-1,3896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0592, 25.5102]]}",,,bib5307,no +3896-location-1,3896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0592, 25.5102]]}",,,bib5330,no 3896-location-2,3896,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3896-speaker_number-1,3896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3896-speakers-1,3896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3896-speaker_number-1,3896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3896-speakers-1,3896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3896-speaker_number-2,3896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3896-speakers-2,3896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3896-speaker_number-3,3896,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3896-speakers-3,3896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3896-LEI-1,3896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3896-vitality-1,3896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3896-LEI-1,3896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3896-vitality-1,3896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3896-LEI-2,3896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3896-vitality-2,3896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3896-LEI-3,3896,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3896-vitality-3,3896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3897-context-1,3897,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""School language programs and courses"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kombumerri Aboriginal Corporation""}",,"In the first place, a sizeable number of Aboriginal people of Bundjalung ancestry want to know more about this part of their inheritance. Some of them remember the days when use of the language was strongly discouraged by white disfavor and by the perception of their older relatives that it was to their advantage to use English. Many people recently have come to the realization that it should not be a thing of shame to use their old language...now those who remember only snatches of the language want to revive it and learn more.",bib6759,yes -3897-context-2,3897,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7937,no +3897-context-1,3897,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""School language programs and courses"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kombumerri Aboriginal Corporation""}",,"In the first place, a sizeable number of Aboriginal people of Bundjalung ancestry want to know more about this part of their inheritance. Some of them remember the days when use of the language was strongly discouraged by white disfavor and by the perception of their older relatives that it was to their advantage to use English. Many people recently have come to the realization that it should not be a thing of shame to use their old language...now those who remember only snatches of the language want to revive it and learn more.",bib6783,yes +3897-context-2,3897,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7962,no 3897-location-1,3897,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3897-location-2,3897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.70539724, 152.9889939]]}",,,bib1182,no -3897-location-3,3897,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.617377, 153.00416]]}",,,bib6759,yes -3897-speaker_number-1,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -3897-speakers-1,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +3897-location-2,3897,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.70539724, 152.9889939]]}",,,bib1191,no +3897-location-3,3897,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.617377, 153.00416]]}",,,bib6783,yes +3897-speaker_number-1,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +3897-speakers-1,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 3897-speaker_number-2,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Dixon (1983).,bib67,no 3897-speakers-2,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Dixon (1983).,bib67,no 3897-speaker_number-3,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 3897-speakers-3,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -3897-speaker_number-4,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3897-speakers-4,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3897-speaker_number-5,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are still a few people who can speak the language fluently and who use it with each other, though for a restricted range of functions. A good number of people of all ages (including children) use some Bundjalung words in their English (for such things as turtle, echidna, witchetty grubs, bodily functions, food and cigarettes), and a number (prticularly at Baryulgil) use soem Bundjalung phrases within English.",bib6759,yes -3897-speakers-5,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a good number""}",,"There are still a few people who can speak the language fluently and who use it with each other, though for a restricted range of functions. A good number of people of all ages (including children) use some Bundjalung words in their English (for such things as turtle, echidna, witchetty grubs, bodily functions, food and cigarettes), and a number (prticularly at Baryulgil) use soem Bundjalung phrases within English.",bib6759,yes +3897-speaker_number-4,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3897-speakers-4,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3897-speaker_number-5,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are still a few people who can speak the language fluently and who use it with each other, though for a restricted range of functions. A good number of people of all ages (including children) use some Bundjalung words in their English (for such things as turtle, echidna, witchetty grubs, bodily functions, food and cigarettes), and a number (prticularly at Baryulgil) use soem Bundjalung phrases within English.",bib6783,yes +3897-speakers-5,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a good number""}",,"There are still a few people who can speak the language fluently and who use it with each other, though for a restricted range of functions. A good number of people of all ages (including children) use some Bundjalung words in their English (for such things as turtle, echidna, witchetty grubs, bodily functions, food and cigarettes), and a number (prticularly at Baryulgil) use soem Bundjalung phrases within English.",bib6783,yes 3897-speaker_number-6,3897,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3897-speakers-6,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3897-speaker_number-7,3897,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -3897-speakers-7,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -3897-LEI-1,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -3897-vitality-1,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +3897-speaker_number-7,3897,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +3897-speakers-7,3897,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +3897-LEI-1,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +3897-vitality-1,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 3897-LEI-2,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3897-vitality-2,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3897-LEI-3,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3897-vitality-3,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3897-LEI-4,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3897-vitality-4,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3897-LEI-5,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6759,yes -3897-speaker_number_trends-5,3897,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6759,yes -3897-vitality-5,3897,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6759,yes +3897-LEI-4,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3897-vitality-4,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3897-LEI-5,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6783,yes +3897-speaker_number_trends-5,3897,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6783,yes +3897-vitality-5,3897,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Attitudes towards 'sharing' the language with whites have varied from community to community. One community, near Coraki, has generally been antagonistic towards white - unless, understandably, they were trusted friends with an understanding of the culture. Others, both as individuals and as groups, have been keen for the language - and some cultural activities also - to be preserved, and to be taught to any interested person, irrespective of race.",bib6783,yes 3897-LEI-6,3897,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3897-vitality-6,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3897-LEI-7,3897,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -3897-vitality-7,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -3898-context-1,3898,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin used for local government, school, some church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many speak Tok Pisin; few speak English""}",,Tok Pisin is also spoken in the home. Knowledge of English is quite minimal throughout the area. ... [Beli] is preferred to any other language for general day to day conversation.,bib1816,yes -3898-location-1,3898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.685606003, 142.3839417]]}",,,bib7945,no +3897-LEI-7,3897,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +3897-vitality-7,3897,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +3898-context-1,3898,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin used for local government, school, some church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many speak Tok Pisin; few speak English""}",,Tok Pisin is also spoken in the home. Knowledge of English is quite minimal throughout the area. ... [Beli] is preferred to any other language for general day to day conversation.,bib1828,yes +3898-location-1,3898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.685606003, 142.3839417]]}",,,bib7970,no 3898-location-2,3898,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, west of Mehek.""}",,,bib69,no -3898-location-3,3898,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seven villages in Maimai Namblo Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province: Aimukili, Makafim, Mukili, Rangwei, Waniwomaka, Yemereba, Yulem"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.671039, 142.382813]]}",,,bib1816,yes -3898-location-4,3898,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Aimukili, Makafim, Makafu, Mukili, Waniwomaka, Yemereba, and Yulem.""}",,,bib4545,no +3898-location-3,3898,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seven villages in Maimai Namblo Census Division, Nuku District, West Sepik Province: Aimukili, Makafim, Mukili, Rangwei, Waniwomaka, Yemereba, Yulem"", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.671039, 142.382813]]}",,,bib1828,yes +3898-location-4,3898,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""7 villages: Aimukili, Makafim, Makafu, Mukili, Waniwomaka, Yemereba, and Yulem.""}",,,bib4566,no 3898-speaker_number-1,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3898-speakers-1,3898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,202"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3898-speaker_number-2,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 3898-speakers-2,3898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -3898-speaker_number-3,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population of seven villages: 1,400 + 53 absentees",bib1816,yes -3898-speakers-3,3898,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,453"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,453"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population of seven villages: 1,400 + 53 absentees",bib1816,yes -3898-speaker_number-4,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -3898-speakers-4,3898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,241"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no +3898-speaker_number-3,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population of seven villages: 1,400 + 53 absentees",bib1828,yes +3898-speakers-3,3898,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,453"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,453"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population of seven villages: 1,400 + 53 absentees",bib1828,yes +3898-speaker_number-4,3898,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +3898-speakers-4,3898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,241"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no 3898-LEI-1,3898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3898-vitality-1,3898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3898-LEI-2,3898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3898-vitality-2,3898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3898-LEI-3,3898,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1816,yes -3898-transmission-3,3898,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1816,yes -3898-domains_of_use-3,3898,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1816,yes -3898-speaker_number_trends-3,3898,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1816,yes -3898-vitality-3,3898,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1816,yes -3898-LEI-4,3898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3898-vitality-4,3898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +3898-LEI-3,3898,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1828,yes +3898-transmission-3,3898,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1828,yes +3898-domains_of_use-3,3898,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1828,yes +3898-speaker_number_trends-3,3898,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1828,yes +3898-vitality-3,3898,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In every village, [Beli] is the language of primary importance... It is the language best known by all, the first one learned by small children, and the only one known by some of the older people... The overwhelming majority felt that [Beli] would never cease to be used. ... Although the use of Tok Pisin will increase, there appears to be no threat of it usurping [Beli] as the primary means of communication.",bib1828,yes +3898-LEI-4,3898,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3898-vitality-4,3898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 3899-location-1,3899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.12, 139.25]]}",,,bib75,no 3899-location-2,3899,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3899-speaker_number-1,3899,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -40800,58 +40986,58 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3899-vitality-1,3899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3899-LEI-2,3899,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3899-vitality-2,3899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3901-location-1,3901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.1659, 82.6391]]}",,,bib5307,no +3901-location-1,3901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.1659, 82.6391]]}",,,bib5330,no 3901-location-2,3901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0, 82.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3901-location-3,3901,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes -3901-speaker_number-1,3901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3901-speakers-1,3901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3901-speaker_number-1,3901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3901-speakers-1,3901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3901-speaker_number-2,3901,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002). ""Few Lower Bondo are monolingual. 5,565 Upper Bondo and 3,500 Lower Bondo.""",bib67,yes 3901-speakers-2,3901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2002). ""Few Lower Bondo are monolingual. 5,565 Upper Bondo and 3,500 Lower Bondo.""",bib67,yes -3901-LEI-1,3901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3901-vitality-1,3901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3901-LEI-1,3901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3901-vitality-1,3901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3901-LEI-2,3901,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3901-vitality-2,3901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3902-location-1,3902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.7113, 2.1533]]}",,,bib5307,no +3902-location-1,3902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.7113, 2.1533]]}",,,bib5330,no 3902-location-2,3902,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Benin""]}",,,bib67,yes -3902-speaker_number-1,3902,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3902-speakers-1,3902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,838"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3902-speaker_number-1,3902,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3902-speakers-1,3902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,838"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3902-speaker_number-2,3902,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3902-speakers-2,3902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3902-speaker_number-3,3902,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3902-speakers-3,3902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -3902-LEI-1,3902,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3902-vitality-1,3902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3902-LEI-1,3902,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3902-vitality-1,3902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3902-LEI-2,3902,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3902-vitality-2,3902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3902-LEI-3,3902,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3902-vitality-3,3902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3903-context-1,3903,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sherdukpen""}",,The Bugun language has been barely documented.,bib6003,yes -3903-location-1,3903,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the West Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh.""]}",,,bib6003,yes -3903-location-2,3903,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2546, 92.5323]]}",,,bib5307,no +3903-context-1,3903,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sherdukpen""}",,The Bugun language has been barely documented.,bib6027,yes +3903-location-1,3903,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in the West Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh.""]}",,,bib6027,yes +3903-location-2,3903,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2546, 92.5323]]}",,,bib5330,no 3903-location-3,3903,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -3903-speaker_number-1,3903,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Bugun, also known as Khowa, numbered 800 in 1981, living in some ten villages, but current estimates put them at around 1700 speakers.",bib6003,yes -3903-speakers-1,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Bugun, also known as Khowa, numbered 800 in 1981, living in some ten villages, but current estimates put them at around 1700 speakers.",bib6003,yes -3903-speaker_number-2,3903,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3903-speakers-2,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3903-speaker_number-1,3903,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Bugun, also known as Khowa, numbered 800 in 1981, living in some ten villages, but current estimates put them at around 1700 speakers.",bib6027,yes +3903-speakers-1,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Bugun, also known as Khowa, numbered 800 in 1981, living in some ten villages, but current estimates put them at around 1700 speakers.",bib6027,yes +3903-speaker_number-2,3903,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3903-speakers-2,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3903-speaker_number-3,3903,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3903-speakers-3,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,046"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3903-speaker_number-4,3903,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3903-speakers-4,3903,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -3903-LEI-1,3903,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6003,yes -3903-vitality-1,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6003,yes -3903-LEI-2,3903,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3903-vitality-2,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3903-LEI-1,3903,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6027,yes +3903-vitality-1,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6027,yes +3903-LEI-2,3903,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3903-vitality-2,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3903-LEI-3,3903,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3903-vitality-3,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3903-LEI-4,3903,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3903-vitality-4,3903,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3904-location-1,3904,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.7415, -14.5513]]}",,,bib5307,no +3904-location-1,3904,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.7415, -14.5513]]}",,,bib5330,no 3904-location-2,3904,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""], ""Description"": ""South of Nunez River""}",,,bib69,yes 3904-speaker_number-1,3904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Nearly extinct,bib69,yes 3904-speakers-1,3904,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 4,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Nearly extinct,bib69,yes 3904-LEI-1,3904,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 3904-vitality-1,3904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -3905-location-1,3905,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.026644, -14.040625]]}",,,bib7945,no +3905-location-1,3905,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.026644, -14.040625]]}",,,bib7970,no 3905-location-2,3905,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Coast between Pongo and Konkour\u00e9 rivers, extending to \u00cele de Kito""}",,,bib67,yes 3905-speaker_number-1,3905,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,nearly extinct,bib67,yes 3905-speakers-1,3905,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,nearly extinct,bib67,yes @@ -40861,180 +41047,180 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3906-location-2,3906,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua: South coast area bordering Asmat to east and Sawi to west, lower Eilanden River. 3 villages""}",,,bib67,no 3906-speaker_number-1,3906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3906-speakers-1,3906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3906-speaker_number-2,3906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8260,yes -3906-speakers-2,3906,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8260,yes +3906-speaker_number-2,3906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8285,yes +3906-speakers-2,3906,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8285,yes 3906-speaker_number-3,3906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: (R. Doriot 1993),bib67,no 3906-speakers-3,3906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: (R. Doriot 1993),bib67,no 3906-LEI-1,3906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3906-vitality-1,3906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3906-LEI-2,3906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8260,yes -3906-vitality-2,3906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8260,yes +3906-LEI-2,3906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8285,yes +3906-vitality-2,3906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8285,yes 3906-LEI-3,3906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3906-vitality-3,3906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3907-location-1,3907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.4633, 22.6977]]}",,,bib5307,no +3907-location-1,3907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.4633, 22.6977]]}",,,bib5330,no 3907-location-2,3907,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Macedonia""]}",,,bib70,yes -3907-speaker_number-1,3907,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -3907-speakers-1,3907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +3907-speaker_number-1,3907,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +3907-speakers-1,3907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 3907-speaker_number-2,3907,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 327,000 speakers in Turkey (Johnstone 1993), 7,000 in Surguch (1965), and 320,000 Yuruk. 4000 in Macedonia.",bib70,yes 3907-speakers-2,3907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""331,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 327,000 speakers in Turkey (Johnstone 1993), 7,000 in Surguch (1965), and 320,000 Yuruk. 4000 in Macedonia.",bib70,yes 3907-speaker_number-3,3907,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3907-speakers-3,3907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""331,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -3907-LEI-1,3907,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3907-vitality-1,3907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3907-LEI-1,3907,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3907-vitality-1,3907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3907-LEI-2,3907,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Probably no children,bib70,yes 3907-transmission-2,3907,transmission,3,transmission-3,Probably no children,bib70,yes 3907-vitality-2,3907,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Probably no children,bib70,yes 3907-LEI-3,3907,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3907-vitality-3,3907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3908-context-1,3908,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matbat, Misool dialect of Ma'ya, Papuan Malay""}",,,bib558,yes -3908-location-1,3908,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.017855, 139.269037]]}",,,bib558,yes +3908-context-1,3908,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matbat, Misool dialect of Ma'ya, Papuan Malay""}",,,bib561,yes +3908-location-1,3908,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.017855, 139.269037]]}",,,bib561,yes 3908-location-2,3908,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in a single village, Biga, on Misool Island in the Raja Ampat region of West Papua, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-2.0, 130.27]]}",,,bib75,no 3908-speaker_number-1,3908,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3908-speakers-1,3908,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3908-speaker_number-2,3908,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib558,yes -3908-speakers-2,3908,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""334"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib558,yes +3908-speaker_number-2,3908,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib561,yes +3908-speakers-2,3908,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""334"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib561,yes 3908-LEI-1,3908,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3908-vitality-1,3908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3908-LEI-2,3908,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib558,yes -3908-transmission-2,3908,transmission,0,transmission-0,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib558,yes -3908-domains_of_use-2,3908,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib558,yes -3908-speaker_number_trends-2,3908,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib558,yes -3908-vitality-2,3908,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib558,yes -3909-location-1,3909,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kapri Goth near Khipro Mirpur Khas (Lower Sindh)""}",,,bib6094,yes +3908-LEI-2,3908,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib561,yes +3908-transmission-2,3908,transmission,0,transmission-0,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib561,yes +3908-domains_of_use-2,3908,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib561,yes +3908-speaker_number_trends-2,3908,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib561,yes +3908-vitality-2,3908,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The speaker community may soon switch to Papuan Malay because children typically only use Biga to speak with parents or grandparents.,bib561,yes +3909-location-1,3909,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kapri Goth near Khipro Mirpur Khas (Lower Sindh)""}",,,bib6118,yes 3909-location-2,3909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.48, 69.31]]}",,,bib75,no 3909-location-3,3909,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no 3909-speaker_number-1,3909,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3909-speakers-1,3909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3909-speaker_number-2,3909,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6094,yes -3909-speakers-2,3909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6094,yes +3909-speaker_number-2,3909,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6118,yes +3909-speakers-2,3909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6118,yes 3909-speaker_number-3,3909,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 3909-speakers-3,3909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 3909-LEI-1,3909,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3909-vitality-1,3909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3909-LEI-2,3909,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,yes -3909-vitality-2,3909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,yes +3909-LEI-2,3909,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,yes +3909-vitality-2,3909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,yes 3909-LEI-3,3909,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3909-vitality-3,3909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3910-context-1,3910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3265,yes -3910-context-2,3910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Abau [aau], Nagatiman [nce]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Busa is not a prestige language.""}",,Tok Pisin is used only to communicate with outsiders.,bib3024,no -3910-location-1,3910,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Auya, Busa, Rawei, and Birimei.""}",,,bib4545,no -3910-location-2,3910,location,"{""Description"": ""Remote area north of the upper Sepik river in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.""}",,,bib3265,yes -3910-location-3,3910,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rawei, Busa, and Auya villages, on the southwest side of the Nagu Census Division."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.86, 141.42]]}",,,bib3024,no +3910-context-1,3910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib3281,yes +3910-context-2,3910,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Abau [aau], Nagatiman [nce]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Busa is not a prestige language.""}",,Tok Pisin is used only to communicate with outsiders.,bib3038,no +3910-location-1,3910,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""4 villages: Auya, Busa, Rawei, and Birimei.""}",,,bib4566,no +3910-location-2,3910,location,"{""Description"": ""Remote area north of the upper Sepik river in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.""}",,,bib3281,yes +3910-location-3,3910,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Rawei, Busa, and Auya villages, on the southwest side of the Nagu Census Division."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.86, 141.42]]}",,,bib3038,no 3910-location-4,3910,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, north of Upper Sepik river, 3 villages.""}",,,bib69,no -3910-speaker_number-1,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -3910-speakers-1,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -3910-speaker_number-2,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -3910-speakers-2,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""238"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no -3910-speaker_number-3,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1980, Busa was spoken by 238 people, and, though Tok Pisin usage was growing, Busa was not endangered (Graham 1981).",bib3265,yes -3910-speakers-3,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1980, Busa was spoken by 238 people, and, though Tok Pisin usage was growing, Busa was not endangered (Graham 1981).",bib3265,yes -3910-speaker_number-4,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib3024,no -3910-speakers-4,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""238"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib3024,no +3910-speaker_number-1,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +3910-speakers-1,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +3910-speaker_number-2,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +3910-speakers-2,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""238"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no +3910-speaker_number-3,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1980, Busa was spoken by 238 people, and, though Tok Pisin usage was growing, Busa was not endangered (Graham 1981).",bib3281,yes +3910-speakers-3,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1980, Busa was spoken by 238 people, and, though Tok Pisin usage was growing, Busa was not endangered (Graham 1981).",bib3281,yes +3910-speaker_number-4,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib3038,no +3910-speakers-4,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""238"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib3038,no 3910-speaker_number-5,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3910-speakers-5,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""244"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3910-speaker_number-6,3910,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 3910-speakers-6,3910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -3910-LEI-1,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -3910-vitality-1,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -3910-LEI-2,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1980, Tok Pisin usage was growing, but Busa was not endangered.",bib3266,no -3910-vitality-2,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1980, Tok Pisin usage was growing, but Busa was not endangered.",bib3266,no -3910-LEI-3,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -3910-vitality-3,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes -3910-LEI-4,3910,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3024,no -3910-transmission-4,3910,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3024,no -3910-vitality-4,3910,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3024,no +3910-LEI-1,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +3910-vitality-1,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +3910-LEI-2,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 1980, Tok Pisin usage was growing, but Busa was not endangered.",bib3282,no +3910-vitality-2,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"In 1980, Tok Pisin usage was growing, but Busa was not endangered.",bib3282,no +3910-LEI-3,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +3910-vitality-3,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes +3910-LEI-4,3910,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3038,no +3910-transmission-4,3910,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3038,no +3910-vitality-4,3910,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3038,no 3910-LEI-5,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3910-vitality-5,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3910-LEI-6,3910,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3910-vitality-6,3910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3911-context-1,3911,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Uzbek"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Bukhara is one of two large cities where Tajik speakers and Uzbek speakers have been in intensive contact with each other for many centuries. Today virtually all Tajik speakers in Bukhara are bilingual in Tajik and Uzbek. This Tajik-Uzbek bilingualism appears to have had a profound influence on the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Bukharan Tajik.",bib3739,no +3911-context-1,3911,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Uzbek"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Bukhara is one of two large cities where Tajik speakers and Uzbek speakers have been in intensive contact with each other for many centuries. Today virtually all Tajik speakers in Bukhara are bilingual in Tajik and Uzbek. This Tajik-Uzbek bilingualism appears to have had a profound influence on the phonology, morphology, and syntax of Bukharan Tajik.",bib3758,no 3911-context-2,3911,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Uzbek""}",,,bib213,no 3911-location-1,3911,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Israel"", ""Uzbekistan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3911-location-2,3911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.8043, 64.4224]]}",,,bib5307,no -3911-location-3,3911,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Ethnic Tajik minorities are found in a number of countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan, but most Tajik speakers are in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; within the latter Samarkand and Bukhara are particularly densely populated by Tajik speakers.""}",,,bib3739,no +3911-location-2,3911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.8043, 64.4224]]}",,,bib5330,no +3911-location-3,3911,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Ethnic Tajik minorities are found in a number of countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan, but most Tajik speakers are in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan; within the latter Samarkand and Bukhara are particularly densely populated by Tajik speakers.""}",,,bib3758,no 3911-speaker_number-1,3911,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 50,000 speakers in Israel (H. Mutzafi 1995).",bib67,yes 3911-speakers-1,3911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 50,000 speakers in Israel (H. Mutzafi 1995).",bib67,yes -3911-speakers-2,3911,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1987""}",,"The estimated total population of Bukharan Jews at the end of 1987 was 85,000, of whom about 45,000 were in the USSR, about 32,000 in Israel, and about 3,000 in all other countries combined. [Population estimates are as given in article, although they do not add up to 85,000 -Ed.]",bib8022,no -3911-speaker_number-3,3911,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3911-speakers-3,3911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3911-speakers-2,3911,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1987""}",,"The estimated total population of Bukharan Jews at the end of 1987 was 85,000, of whom about 45,000 were in the USSR, about 32,000 in Israel, and about 3,000 in all other countries combined. [Population estimates are as given in article, although they do not add up to 85,000 -Ed.]",bib8047,no +3911-speaker_number-3,3911,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3911-speakers-3,3911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3911-speaker_number-4,3911,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 3911-speakers-4,3911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 3911-speaker_number-5,3911,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 3911-speakers-5,3911,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no 3911-LEI-1,3911,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3911-vitality-1,3911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3911-LEI-2,3911,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3911-vitality-2,3911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3911-LEI-2,3911,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3911-vitality-2,3911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3911-LEI-3,3911,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3911-vitality-3,3911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3911-LEI-4,3911,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 3911-vitality-4,3911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -3912-context-1,3912,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Azeri Turkish, Meskhetian Turkish, Swabian German, Kurdish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"A great degree of bi- and multilingualism characterizes practically all speakers of [Neo-Aramaic varieties, including Bohtan]. Certain features of the dialect betray contact with Arabic at some period in the past. [In Bohtan, they] did speak Kurdish, a language which has left a very strong imprint on the dialect. In Azerbaijan they learned a certain amount of the Swabian German of the founders of the villages where they lived, in addition to Russian and Azeri Turkish. Those who live in Krymsk frequently spoke Turkish with the members of the Meskhetian Turkish minority who were their neighbors there for some years. Currently, Russian is the only other language spoken by all Bohtan Assyrians.",bib2711,yes -3912-context-2,3912,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northeastern New Aramaic dialect(s)""}",,Speakers are Syrian Orthodox Christians,bib3843,no -3912-location-1,3912,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""[Originally spoken] within the present-day Turkish province of Siirt, [in] the district of Bohtan... The Bohtan Assyrians now live mostly in two towns on the northern fringes of the Caucasus: Krymsk in the Krasnodarskiy Kray, and Novopavlovsk in the Stavropolskiy Kray. In general, the inhabitants of Ruma and \u0160wata settled in A\u011fstafa, from there moved to Gardabani, and now live in Novopavlovsk, while the inhabitants of Borb settled in Xanlar and now live in Krymsk... Only a very few Bohtan speakers live outside the former Soviet Union."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.963245, 43.631757], [44.924114, 37.982673]]}",,,bib2711,yes +3912-context-1,3912,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Azeri Turkish, Meskhetian Turkish, Swabian German, Kurdish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"A great degree of bi- and multilingualism characterizes practically all speakers of [Neo-Aramaic varieties, including Bohtan]. Certain features of the dialect betray contact with Arabic at some period in the past. [In Bohtan, they] did speak Kurdish, a language which has left a very strong imprint on the dialect. In Azerbaijan they learned a certain amount of the Swabian German of the founders of the villages where they lived, in addition to Russian and Azeri Turkish. Those who live in Krymsk frequently spoke Turkish with the members of the Meskhetian Turkish minority who were their neighbors there for some years. Currently, Russian is the only other language spoken by all Bohtan Assyrians.",bib2725,yes +3912-context-2,3912,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northeastern New Aramaic dialect(s)""}",,Speakers are Syrian Orthodox Christians,bib3862,no +3912-location-1,3912,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""[Originally spoken] within the present-day Turkish province of Siirt, [in] the district of Bohtan... The Bohtan Assyrians now live mostly in two towns on the northern fringes of the Caucasus: Krymsk in the Krasnodarskiy Kray, and Novopavlovsk in the Stavropolskiy Kray. In general, the inhabitants of Ruma and \u0160wata settled in A\u011fstafa, from there moved to Gardabani, and now live in Novopavlovsk, while the inhabitants of Borb settled in Xanlar and now live in Krymsk... Only a very few Bohtan speakers live outside the former Soviet Union."", ""Coordinates"": [[43.963245, 43.631757], [44.924114, 37.982673]]}",,,bib2725,yes 3912-location-2,3912,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Georgia"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -3912-location-3,3912,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.5559, 42.3249]]}",,,bib3725,no -3912-location-4,3912,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Turkey, in Hertevin village, province of Siirt. Original groups were in Iran.""}",,,bib3843,no -3912-location-5,3912,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5579, 45.0219]]}",,,bib5307,no +3912-location-3,3912,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.5559, 42.3249]]}",,,bib3744,no +3912-location-4,3912,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Turkey, in Hertevin village, province of Siirt. Original groups were in Iran.""}",,,bib3862,no +3912-location-5,3912,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.5579, 45.0219]]}",,,bib5330,no 3912-location-6,3912,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.37, 42.52]]}",,,bib75,no -3912-speaker_number-1,3912,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The total number of speakers of the Bohtan dialect is very difficult to estimate but it is probably less than 500.,bib2711,yes -3912-speakers-1,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The total number of speakers of the Bohtan dialect is very difficult to estimate but it is probably less than 500.,bib2711,yes +3912-speaker_number-1,3912,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The total number of speakers of the Bohtan dialect is very difficult to estimate but it is probably less than 500.,bib2725,yes +3912-speakers-1,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The total number of speakers of the Bohtan dialect is very difficult to estimate but it is probably less than 500.,bib2725,yes 3912-speaker_number-2,3912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Georgia (Bohtan Neo-Aramaic); 1,000 in Turkey (Hértevin)",bib67,no 3912-speakers-2,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Georgia (Bohtan Neo-Aramaic); 1,000 in Turkey (Hértevin)",bib67,no -3912-speakers-3,3912,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,In 1970 the language was still intact. However everyone has since left.,bib3843,no -3912-speaker_number-4,3912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3912-speakers-4,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3912-speakers-3,3912,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1970""}",,In 1970 the language was still intact. However everyone has since left.,bib3862,no +3912-speaker_number-4,3912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3912-speakers-4,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3912-speaker_number-5,3912,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3912-speakers-5,3912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3912-LEI-1,3912,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2711,yes -3912-transmission-1,3912,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2711,yes -3912-vitality-1,3912,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2711,yes +3912-LEI-1,3912,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2725,yes +3912-transmission-1,3912,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2725,yes +3912-vitality-1,3912,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The younger generations speak the language less, and less proficiently.",bib2725,yes 3912-LEI-2,3912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3912-vitality-2,3912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3912-LEI-3,3912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3912-vitality-3,3912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3912-LEI-3,3912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3912-vitality-3,3912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3912-LEI-4,3912,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3912-vitality-4,3912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3913-context-1,3913,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Watjarri""}",,,bib7278,yes +3913-context-1,3913,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Watjarri""}",,,bib7302,yes 3913-location-1,3913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -3913-location-2,3913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.34004676, 117.337281]]}",,,bib1182,no -3913-location-3,3913,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Australia""]}",,,bib7416,no -3913-location-4,3913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.123373, 116.706047]]}",,North-east of Moora to south of Cue; east to Paynes Find; west to Mullewa.,bib7278,yes +3913-location-2,3913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.34004676, 117.337281]]}",,,bib1191,no +3913-location-3,3913,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Australia""]}",,,bib7440,no +3913-location-4,3913,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.123373, 116.706047]]}",,North-east of Moora to south of Cue; east to Paynes Find; west to Mullewa.,bib7302,yes 3913-speaker_number-1,3913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,no 3913-speakers-1,3913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,no 3913-speaker_number-2,3913,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 3913-speakers-2,3913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -3913-speaker_number-3,3913,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,“[…] this language has declined to the point that there is only one full speaker left and it is at risk of losing full speakers completely. The one remaining full speaker is over 60 years of age.”,bib7416,no -3913-speakers-3,3913,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~10""}",,“[…] this language has declined to the point that there is only one full speaker left and it is at risk of losing full speakers completely. The one remaining full speaker is over 60 years of age.”,bib7416,no +3913-speaker_number-3,3913,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,“[…] this language has declined to the point that there is only one full speaker left and it is at risk of losing full speakers completely. The one remaining full speaker is over 60 years of age.”,bib7440,no +3913-speakers-3,3913,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~10""}",,“[…] this language has declined to the point that there is only one full speaker left and it is at risk of losing full speakers completely. The one remaining full speaker is over 60 years of age.”,bib7440,no 3913-speaker_number-4,3913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3913-speakers-4,3913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -3913-speakers-5,3913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982""}",,"Dunn (1982) says that the descendants of Badimaya speakers now speak Watjarri, the dominant language of the region. O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) say there were 20 speakers.",bib7278,yes +3913-speakers-5,3913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982""}",,"Dunn (1982) says that the descendants of Badimaya speakers now speak Watjarri, the dominant language of the region. O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) say there were 20 speakers.",bib7302,yes 3913-LEI-1,3913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3913-vitality-1,3913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3913-LEI-2,3913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 3913-vitality-2,3913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -3913-LEI-3,3913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7416,no -3913-transmission-3,3913,transmission,5,transmission-5,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7416,no -3913-speaker_number_trends-3,3913,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7416,no -3913-vitality-3,3913,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7416,no +3913-LEI-3,3913,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7440,no +3913-transmission-3,3913,transmission,5,transmission-5,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7440,no +3913-speaker_number_trends-3,3913,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7440,no +3913-vitality-3,3913,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"“Badimaya is critically at risk of losing all full speakers, if not all speakers,with the total number of full and part-speakers being so small.”",bib7440,no 3913-LEI-4,3913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3913-vitality-4,3913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3913-LEI-5,3913,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7278,yes -3913-vitality-5,3913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7278,yes -3918-location-1,3918,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.6514, 93.2409]]}",,,bib5307,yes +3913-LEI-5,3913,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7302,yes +3913-vitality-5,3913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7302,yes +3918-location-1,3918,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.6514, 93.2409]]}",,,bib5330,yes 3918-location-2,3918,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -3918-speaker_number-1,3918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -3918-speakers-1,3918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3918-speaker_number-1,3918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +3918-speakers-1,3918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3918-speaker_number-2,3918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3918-speakers-2,3918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3918-speaker_number-3,3918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 3918-speakers-3,3918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -3918-LEI-1,3918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3918-vitality-1,3918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3918-LEI-1,3918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3918-vitality-1,3918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3918-LEI-2,3918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3918-vitality-2,3918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3918-LEI-3,3918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3918-vitality-3,3918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3924-location-1,3924,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.052719, 150.092506]]}",,,bib7945,no +3924-location-1,3924,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.052719, 150.092506]]}",,,bib7970,no 3924-location-2,3924,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 3924-speaker_number-1,3924,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3924-speakers-1,3924,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""906"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -41044,40 +41230,40 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3924-vitality-1,3924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3924-LEI-2,3924,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3924-vitality-2,3924,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3925-location-1,3925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.4259, 46.2551]]}",,,bib5307,no +3925-location-1,3925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.4259, 46.2551]]}",,,bib5330,no 3925-location-2,3925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.969421, 43.014152]]}",,,bib75,no 3925-location-3,3925,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -3925-speaker_number-1,3925,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3925-speakers-1,3925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3925-speaker_number-1,3925,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3925-speakers-1,3925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3925-speaker_number-2,3925,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Sara (1976).,bib67,yes 3925-speakers-2,3925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Sara (1976).,bib67,yes -3925-LEI-1,3925,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3925-vitality-1,3925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3925-LEI-1,3925,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3925-vitality-1,3925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3925-LEI-2,3925,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3925-vitality-2,3925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3927-location-1,3927,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Around the village of Garkhon in Ladakh""}",,,bib740,yes -3927-location-2,3927,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Brokskat is spoken in and around the village Garkhon of Ladakh district. It is about 70 Kms. North-East of Kargil. Grierson has mentioned it as Brokpa of Dah-Hanu. Dah and Hanu are two villages but in Hanu, there are now only Ladakhi speakers and not Brokskat speakers... There are other Brokskat speaking villages like Darchiks, Chulichan, Gurgurdo, Batalik and Dah around Garkhon within the radius of 15 Kms."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.164828, 76.458435]]}",,,bib6109,no +3927-location-1,3927,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Around the village of Garkhon in Ladakh""}",,,bib744,yes +3927-location-2,3927,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Brokskat is spoken in and around the village Garkhon of Ladakh district. It is about 70 Kms. North-East of Kargil. Grierson has mentioned it as Brokpa of Dah-Hanu. Dah and Hanu are two villages but in Hanu, there are now only Ladakhi speakers and not Brokskat speakers... There are other Brokskat speaking villages like Darchiks, Chulichan, Gurgurdo, Batalik and Dah around Garkhon within the radius of 15 Kms."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.164828, 76.458435]]}",,,bib6133,no 3927-location-3,3927,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3333333333, 76.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3927-location-4,3927,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -3927-location-5,3927,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6478, 76.4978]]}",,,bib5307,no -3927-speaker_number-1,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,yes -3927-speakers-1,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 or earlier"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,yes -3927-speaker_number-2,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,[The number of Brokskat speakers] according to 1961 Census is 544. Now the number of speakers of this language is approximately 2000 according to the informant [Gulam Rahim].,bib6109,no -3927-speakers-2,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,[The number of Brokskat speakers] according to 1961 Census is 544. Now the number of speakers of this language is approximately 2000 according to the informant [Gulam Rahim].,bib6109,no +3927-location-5,3927,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6478, 76.4978]]}",,,bib5330,no +3927-speaker_number-1,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,yes +3927-speakers-1,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 or earlier"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,yes +3927-speaker_number-2,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,[The number of Brokskat speakers] according to 1961 Census is 544. Now the number of speakers of this language is approximately 2000 according to the informant [Gulam Rahim].,bib6133,no +3927-speakers-2,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,[The number of Brokskat speakers] according to 1961 Census is 544. Now the number of speakers of this language is approximately 2000 according to the informant [Gulam Rahim].,bib6133,no 3927-speaker_number-3,3927,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Johnstone and Mandryk (2001).,bib67,no 3927-speakers-3,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Johnstone and Mandryk (2001).,bib67,no -3927-speaker_number-4,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3927-speakers-4,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3927-speaker_number-4,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3927-speakers-4,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3927-speaker_number-5,3927,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3927-speakers-5,3927,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3927-LEI-1,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,yes -3927-vitality-1,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,yes -3927-LEI-2,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6109,no -3927-vitality-2,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6109,no +3927-LEI-1,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,yes +3927-vitality-1,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,yes +3927-LEI-2,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6133,no +3927-vitality-2,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6133,no 3927-LEI-3,3927,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3927-vitality-3,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3927-LEI-4,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3927-vitality-4,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3927-LEI-4,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3927-vitality-4,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3927-LEI-5,3927,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3927-vitality-5,3927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3931-context-1,3931,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala""}",,Shifting to Lingala [lin],bib67,yes @@ -41091,16 +41277,16 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3931-vitality-1,3931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3931-LEI-2,3931,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3931-vitality-2,3931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3932-location-1,3932,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4736, 29.2675]]}",,,bib5307,no +3932-location-1,3932,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4736, 29.2675]]}",,,bib5330,no 3932-location-2,3932,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3932-speaker_number-1,3932,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3932-speakers-1,3932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3932-speaker_number-1,3932,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3932-speakers-1,3932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3932-speaker_number-2,3932,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3932-speakers-2,3932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3932-speaker_number-3,3932,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3932-speakers-3,3932,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3932-LEI-1,3932,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3932-vitality-1,3932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3932-LEI-1,3932,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3932-vitality-1,3932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3932-LEI-2,3932,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3932-vitality-2,3932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3932-LEI-3,3932,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -41115,32 +41301,32 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3936-vitality-1,3936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3936-LEI-2,3936,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3936-vitality-2,3936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3937-context-1,3937,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5307,yes -3937-location-1,3937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9208, 83.5082]]}",,,bib5307,yes +3937-context-1,3937,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5330,yes +3937-location-1,3937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9208, 83.5082]]}",,,bib5330,yes 3937-location-2,3937,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -3937-speaker_number-1,3937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -3937-speakers-1,3937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,664"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3937-speaker_number-1,3937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +3937-speakers-1,3937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,664"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3937-speaker_number-2,3937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1991 census. The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 3937-speakers-2,3937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1991 census. The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -3937-LEI-1,3937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3937-vitality-1,3937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3937-LEI-1,3937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3937-vitality-1,3937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3937-LEI-2,3937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3937-vitality-2,3937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3938-location-1,3938,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.7485, 146.4532]]}",,,bib5307,no +3938-location-1,3938,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.7485, 146.4532]]}",,,bib5330,no 3938-location-2,3938,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -3938-speaker_number-1,3938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3938-speakers-1,3938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +3938-speaker_number-1,3938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3938-speakers-1,3938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 3938-speaker_number-2,3938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3938-speakers-2,3938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3938-speaker_number-3,3938,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes 3938-speakers-3,3938,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).,bib67,yes -3938-LEI-1,3938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3938-vitality-1,3938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3938-LEI-1,3938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3938-vitality-1,3938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3938-LEI-2,3938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3938-vitality-2,3938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3938-LEI-3,3938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3938-vitality-3,3938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3944-location-1,3944,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.151042, 42.901089]]}",,,bib7945,no +3944-location-1,3944,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.151042, 42.901089]]}",,,bib7970,no 3944-location-2,3944,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3944-speaker_number-1,3944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3944-speakers-1,3944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no @@ -41150,7 +41336,7 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3944-vitality-1,3944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3944-LEI-2,3944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3944-vitality-2,3944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3945-location-1,3945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.445211, 150.028967]]}",,,bib7945,no +3945-location-1,3945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.445211, 150.028967]]}",,,bib7970,no 3945-location-2,3945,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Major villages: Bamba, Bagum, Bola, Buluwara, Dami, Dire, Ganemboku, Harile, Garu, Kandoka, Kilu, Kulungi, Komavavo, Pagalu, Patanga, Ruango, Vaganakai, Talasea""}",,,bib43,no 3945-location-3,3945,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 3945-speaker_number-1,3945,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no @@ -41165,33 +41351,33 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3945-vitality-2,3945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib43,no 3945-LEI-3,3945,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3945-vitality-3,3945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3948-context-1,3948,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Orma, Somali, Swahili""}",,"Many of its former speakers have switched to the Cushitic language Orma or Somali, or to Swahili.",bib7615,yes -3948-location-1,3948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.8294, 40.8142]]}",,,bib5307,no -3948-location-2,3948,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""Heine (1982a: 11): 'The boni people inhabit the hinterland of the northern Kenya coast as well as the adjacent parts in southern Somalia... administratively, the vast majority of them live in the Lamu District of Coast Province, Republic of Kenya.""}",,,bib6944,no -3948-location-3,3948,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, near Somali border""]}",,,bib7615,yes +3948-context-1,3948,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Orma, Somali, Swahili""}",,"Many of its former speakers have switched to the Cushitic language Orma or Somali, or to Swahili.",bib7640,yes +3948-location-1,3948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.8294, 40.8142]]}",,,bib5330,no +3948-location-2,3948,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""Heine (1982a: 11): 'The boni people inhabit the hinterland of the northern Kenya coast as well as the adjacent parts in southern Somalia... administratively, the vast majority of them live in the Lamu District of Coast Province, Republic of Kenya.""}",,,bib6968,no +3948-location-3,3948,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, near Somali border""]}",,,bib7640,yes 3948-location-4,3948,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Somalia""]}",,,bib67,no -3948-speaker_number-1,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3948-speakers-1,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3948-speaker_number-2,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6944,no -3948-speakers-2,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6944,no -3948-speaker_number-3,3948,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -3948-speakers-3,3948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +3948-speaker_number-1,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3948-speakers-1,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3948-speaker_number-2,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6968,no +3948-speakers-2,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6968,no +3948-speaker_number-3,3948,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +3948-speakers-3,3948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 3948-speaker_number-4,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3948-speakers-4,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3948-speaker_number-5,3948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 in Kenya. Less than 20%% monolingual.",bib67,no 3948-speakers-5,3948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 in Kenya. Less than 20%% monolingual.",bib67,no -3948-LEI-1,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3948-vitality-1,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3948-LEI-2,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Approximately 2000 speakers in Kenya and 1000 in Somalia.,bib6944,no -3948-vitality-2,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Approximately 2000 speakers in Kenya and 1000 in Somalia.,bib6944,no -3948-LEI-3,3948,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3948-vitality-3,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +3948-LEI-1,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3948-vitality-1,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3948-LEI-2,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Approximately 2000 speakers in Kenya and 1000 in Somalia.,bib6968,no +3948-vitality-2,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Approximately 2000 speakers in Kenya and 1000 in Somalia.,bib6968,no +3948-LEI-3,3948,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3948-vitality-3,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 3948-LEI-4,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3948-vitality-4,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3948-LEI-5,3948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3948-vitality-5,3948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 3950-context-1,3950,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin""}",,,bib67,yes -3950-location-1,3950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.880937099, 146.7801666]]}",,,bib7945,no +3950-location-1,3950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.880937099, 146.7801666]]}",,,bib7970,no 3950-location-2,3950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang and Morobe provinces"", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.852376, 146.691985]]}",,,bib67,yes 3950-speaker_number-1,3950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3950-speakers-1,3950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -41202,83 +41388,83 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3950-LEI-2,3950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3950-vitality-2,3950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3952-location-1,3952,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Central Mato Grosso. 3 main villages: Meruri, Sangradouro, Perigera.""}",,,bib68,no -3952-location-2,3952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5172, -53.1024]]}",,,bib5307,no +3952-location-2,3952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.5172, -53.1024]]}",,,bib5330,no 3952-location-3,3952,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.0, -57.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3952-speaker_number-1,3952,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 3952-speakers-1,3952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,392"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 ISA"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no -3952-speaker_number-2,3952,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3952-speakers-2,3952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3952-speaker_number-2,3952,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3952-speakers-2,3952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3952-speaker_number-3,3952,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 3952-speakers-3,3952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes 3952-LEI-1,3952,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spoken by most of the ethnic group. Most children are learning Bororo as L1. Increasing Portuguese use by children and young people, especially in Meruri.",bib68,no 3952-transmission-1,3952,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Spoken by most of the ethnic group. Most children are learning Bororo as L1. Increasing Portuguese use by children and young people, especially in Meruri.",bib68,no 3952-vitality-1,3952,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Spoken by most of the ethnic group. Most children are learning Bororo as L1. Increasing Portuguese use by children and young people, especially in Meruri.",bib68,no -3952-LEI-2,3952,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3952-vitality-2,3952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3952-LEI-2,3952,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3952-vitality-2,3952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3952-LEI-3,3952,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 3952-vitality-3,3952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 3953-context-1,3953,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Beli"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""A few""}",,,bib67,yes -3953-location-1,3953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.1405, 31.7999]]}",,,bib5307,no +3953-location-1,3953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.1405, 31.7999]]}",,,bib5330,no 3953-location-2,3953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.5, 28.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3953-location-3,3953,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Sparsely populated from Tonj and Wau north, Beli [blm] east, Zande [zne] south, and Bor [dks] west.""}",,,bib67,yes -3953-speaker_number-1,3953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3953-speakers-1,3953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,084"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3953-speaker_number-1,3953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3953-speakers-1,3953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,084"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3953-speaker_number-2,3953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3953-speakers-2,3953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,084"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3953-speaker_number-3,3953,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 3953-speakers-3,3953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -3953-LEI-1,3953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3953-vitality-1,3953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3953-LEI-1,3953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3953-vitality-1,3953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3953-LEI-2,3953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3953-vitality-2,3953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3953-LEI-3,3953,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3953-vitality-3,3953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3956-location-1,3956,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -3956-location-2,3956,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.4223, 165.4678]]}",,,bib5307,no +3956-location-2,3956,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.4223, 165.4678]]}",,,bib5330,no 3956-location-3,3956,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3956-speaker_number-1,3956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 3956-speakers-1,3956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no -3956-speaker_number-2,3956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3956-speakers-2,3956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""587"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3956-speaker_number-2,3956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3956-speakers-2,3956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""587"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3956-speaker_number-3,3956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3956-speakers-3,3956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""587"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3956-speaker_number-4,3956,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,590 (1996 census),bib67,yes 3956-speakers-4,3956,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""590"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,590 (1996 census),bib67,yes 3956-LEI-1,3956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 3956-vitality-1,3956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no -3956-LEI-2,3956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3956-vitality-2,3956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3956-LEI-2,3956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3956-vitality-2,3956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3956-LEI-3,3956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3956-vitality-3,3956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3956-LEI-4,3956,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3956-vitality-4,3956,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3960-location-1,3960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.46601552, 144.4487843]]}",,,bib1182,no -3960-speakers-1,3960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Doubt that any speakers are still living.,bib1182,no +3960-location-1,3960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.46601552, 144.4487843]]}",,,bib1191,no +3960-speakers-1,3960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Doubt that any speakers are still living.,bib1191,no 3960-speaker_number-2,3960,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3960-speakers-2,3960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3960-speaker_number-3,3960,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -3960-speakers-3,3960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -3960-LEI-1,3960,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -3960-vitality-1,3960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +3960-speaker_number-3,3960,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +3960-speakers-3,3960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +3960-LEI-1,3960,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +3960-vitality-1,3960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 3960-LEI-2,3960,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3960-vitality-2,3960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3960-LEI-3,3960,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -3960-vitality-3,3960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -3962-location-1,3962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.297861099, 141.5878754]]}",,,bib7945,no +3960-LEI-3,3960,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +3960-vitality-3,3960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +3962-location-1,3962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.297861099, 141.5878754]]}",,,bib7970,no 3962-location-2,3962,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Heart of Western Range: Sandaun Province, Bo, Kobaru, Kaumifi, and Nigyama Umarita villages; East Sepik Province near Sandaun Province border, near Right May river.""}",,,bib69,no -3962-location-3,3962,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sori and Umirita villages""}",,,bib4545,yes +3962-location-3,3962,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sori and Umirita villages""}",,,bib4566,yes 3962-speaker_number-1,3962,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 3962-speakers-1,3962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 3962-speaker_number-2,3962,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(1998 NTM),bib69,no 3962-speakers-2,3962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(1998 NTM),bib69,no -3962-speaker_number-3,3962,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4545,yes -3962-speakers-3,3962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4545,yes +3962-speaker_number-3,3962,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4566,yes +3962-speakers-3,3962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4566,yes 3962-LEI-1,3962,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3962-vitality-1,3962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3962-LEI-2,3962,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 3962-vitality-2,3962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -3962-LEI-3,3962,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -3962-vitality-3,3962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +3962-LEI-3,3962,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +3962-vitality-3,3962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 3965-location-1,3965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.92, 137.68]]}",,,bib75,no 3965-location-2,3965,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3965-speaker_number-1,3965,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -41291,10 +41477,10 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3965-vitality-2,3965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 3966-location-1,3966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -66.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3966-location-2,3966,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas, 3 locations on the Uneiuxi River: a tributary of the Rio Negro River, on Japurá River and Rio Negro.",bib67,no -3966-location-3,3966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.9771, -67.0166]]}",,,bib5307,no +3966-location-3,3966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.9771, -67.0166]]}",,,bib5330,no 3966-location-4,3966,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Os Nadëb habitam vários sítios localizados na foz e às margens do rio Uneiuxi, afluente da margem direita do rio Negro e às margens do lago Jutaí do paraná Boá-Boá, no rio Japurá. Alguns dos Nadëb vivem espalhados do grupo. Geralmente casados com caboclos ou vivem em outras tribos (Martins 2005:18). -[The Nadëb live in several places located at the mouth and on the Uneiuxi River, right bank tributary of the Rio Negro and the shores of Lake Jutaí the Boa-Boa Parana on the Japurá River. Some of Nadëb live scaattered from the group. Usually married mestizos or live with other tribes.]",bib4982,no -3966-location-5,3966,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +[The Nadëb live in several places located at the mouth and on the Uneiuxi River, right bank tributary of the Rio Negro and the shores of Lake Jutaí the Boa-Boa Parana on the Japurá River. Some of Nadëb live scaattered from the group. Usually married mestizos or live with other tribes.]",bib5004,no +3966-location-5,3966,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3966-speaker_number-1,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300 (1986 SIL) @@ -41303,26 +41489,26 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 400 (Moore 2006). Deb, a separate ethnic group from the Nadëb, now reclaiming their identity by using Nadëb. 280 Deb (2008 M. Rodriquez), 580 Nadëb (2009 FUNASA); wthnic population: 850 (2010 S. Anonby). (2014)",bib67,no -3966-speaker_number-2,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3966-speakers-2,3966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +3966-speaker_number-2,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3966-speakers-2,3966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 3966-speaker_number-3,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Estimates of the number of Nadëb do not exceed 300 individuals. -140 for the Nadëb do rio Negro dialect",bib4982,no +140 for the Nadëb do rio Negro dialect",bib5004,no 3966-speakers-3,3966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Estimates of the number of Nadëb do not exceed 300 individuals. -140 for the Nadëb do rio Negro dialect",bib4982,no +140 for the Nadëb do rio Negro dialect",bib5004,no 3966-speaker_number-4,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3966-speakers-4,3966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3966-speaker_number-5,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Crevels distinguishes Nadëb (350 speakers) from Kuyabi (Kuyawi) (20 speakers).,bib1902,yes -3966-speakers-5,3966,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Crevels distinguishes Nadëb (350 speakers) from Kuyabi (Kuyawi) (20 speakers).,bib1902,yes +3966-speaker_number-5,3966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Crevels distinguishes Nadëb (350 speakers) from Kuyabi (Kuyawi) (20 speakers).,bib1914,yes +3966-speakers-5,3966,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Crevels distinguishes Nadëb (350 speakers) from Kuyabi (Kuyawi) (20 speakers).,bib1914,yes 3966-LEI-1,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. Those living near Santa Isabel are reported to be partially assimilated into local Brazilian culture and may be losing their native language. Those in Riacho Escondido are all full speakers (Crevels 2007). (2014),bib67,no 3966-vitality-1,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. Those living near Santa Isabel are reported to be partially assimilated into local Brazilian culture and may be losing their native language. Those in Riacho Escondido are all full speakers (Crevels 2007). (2014),bib67,no -3966-LEI-2,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3966-vitality-2,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3966-LEI-3,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4982,no -3966-vitality-3,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4982,no +3966-LEI-2,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3966-vitality-2,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3966-LEI-3,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5004,no +3966-vitality-3,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5004,no 3966-LEI-4,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3966-vitality-4,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3966-LEI-5,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3966-vitality-5,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3966-LEI-5,3966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3966-vitality-5,3966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3968-context-1,3968,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib70,yes 3968-location-1,3968,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos"", ""Cambodia""]}",,,bib70,yes 3968-location-2,3968,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.1666666667, 107.5]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -41334,13 +41520,13 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3968-vitality-1,3968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3968-LEI-2,3968,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 3968-vitality-2,3968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -3969-location-1,3969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Berbice Dutch Creole is a language formerly widely spoken in the former Dutch colony of Berbice, which became in the early 19th century part of the British colony of British Guiana, now Guyana. The last speakers of this language were found in the 1970s by Ian Robertson, living on the upper reaches of the Berbice River in and around the area of the Wiruni Creek."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.1667, -57.7167]]}",,,bib3752,no +3969-location-1,3969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Berbice Dutch Creole is a language formerly widely spoken in the former Dutch colony of Berbice, which became in the early 19th century part of the British colony of British Guiana, now Guyana. The last speakers of this language were found in the 1970s by Ian Robertson, living on the upper reaches of the Berbice River in and around the area of the Wiruni Creek."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.1667, -57.7167]]}",,,bib3771,no 3969-location-2,3969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Berbice Dutch was spoken in plantations along the River Berbice, part of Guyana which was once a private colony founded by a Dutch planter from Zeeland.""}",,,bib40,yes 3969-location-3,3969,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.33333333333, -58.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3969-location-4,3969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""]}",,,bib67,no 3969-location-5,3969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""]}",,East Berbice-Corentyne and Upper Demerara-Berbice regions.,bib70,no -3969-speaker_number-1,3969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last known Berbice Dutch Creole speaker is Bertha Bell, who was 103 years old when last interviewed by Ian Robertson and a UWI linguistics research team in March, 2004.",bib3752,no -3969-speakers-1,3969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"The last known Berbice Dutch Creole speaker is Bertha Bell, who was 103 years old when last interviewed by Ian Robertson and a UWI linguistics research team in March, 2004.",bib3752,no +3969-speaker_number-1,3969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last known Berbice Dutch Creole speaker is Bertha Bell, who was 103 years old when last interviewed by Ian Robertson and a UWI linguistics research team in March, 2004.",bib3771,no +3969-speakers-1,3969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"The last known Berbice Dutch Creole speaker is Bertha Bell, who was 103 years old when last interviewed by Ian Robertson and a UWI linguistics research team in March, 2004.",bib3771,no 3969-speakers-2,3969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,Twenty years ago there were still handfuls of Berbice speakers in Guyana but...it has been discovered that the last speaker died in 2005.,bib40,yes 3969-speaker_number-3,3969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Kouwenberg (1993). ""15 [individuals] with limited competence [in the language]"" (Holm 1989).",bib67,no 3969-speakers-3,3969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Kouwenberg (1993). ""15 [individuals] with limited competence [in the language]"" (Holm 1989).",bib67,no @@ -41348,11 +41534,11 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 15 with limited competence (Holm 1989).",bib70,no 3969-speaker_number-5,3969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 3969-speakers-5,3969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -3969-LEI-1,3969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3752,no -3969-transmission-1,3969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3752,no -3969-domains_of_use-1,3969,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3752,no -3969-speaker_number_trends-1,3969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3752,no -3969-vitality-1,3969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3752,no +3969-LEI-1,3969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3771,no +3969-transmission-1,3969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3771,no +3969-domains_of_use-1,3969,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib3771,no +3969-speaker_number_trends-1,3969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3771,no +3969-vitality-1,3969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3771,no 3969-LEI-2,3969,LEI,Dormant,,,bib40,yes 3969-vitality-2,3969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib40,yes 3969-LEI-3,3969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -41361,36 +41547,36 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3969-vitality-4,3969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib70,no 3969-LEI-5,3969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3969-vitality-5,3969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3970-context-1,3970,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Baki""}",,,bib7937,no -3970-location-1,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi Island""}",,,bib2728,no +3970-context-1,3970,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Baki""}",,,bib7962,no +3970-location-1,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi Island""}",,,bib2742,no 3970-location-2,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes -3970-location-3,3970,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.8045, 168.2446]]}",,,bib5307,no -3970-location-4,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.798039, 168.186479]]}",,,bib395,no -3970-location-5,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Epi Island""}",,,bib7937,no -3970-speaker_number-1,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2728,no -3970-speakers-1,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2728,no +3970-location-3,3970,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.8045, 168.2446]]}",,,bib5330,no +3970-location-4,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.798039, 168.186479]]}",,,bib396,no +3970-location-5,3970,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Epi Island""}",,,bib7962,no +3970-speaker_number-1,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2742,no +3970-speakers-1,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2742,no 3970-speaker_number-2,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,yes 3970-speakers-2,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,yes -3970-speaker_number-3,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -3970-speakers-3,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -3970-speaker_number-4,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -3970-speakers-4,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no +3970-speaker_number-3,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +3970-speakers-3,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +3970-speaker_number-4,3970,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +3970-speakers-4,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no 3970-speaker_number-5,3970,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3970-speakers-5,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -3970-speaker_number-6,3970,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,170 speakers in 1981. Today there may be about 120.,bib7937,no -3970-speakers-6,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,170 speakers in 1981. Today there may be about 120.,bib7937,no -3970-LEI-1,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -3970-vitality-1,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +3970-speaker_number-6,3970,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,170 speakers in 1981. Today there may be about 120.,bib7962,no +3970-speakers-6,3970,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,170 speakers in 1981. Today there may be about 120.,bib7962,no +3970-LEI-1,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +3970-vitality-1,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 3970-LEI-2,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3970-vitality-2,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3970-LEI-3,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3970-vitality-3,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3970-LEI-4,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -3970-vitality-4,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +3970-LEI-3,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3970-vitality-3,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3970-LEI-4,3970,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +3970-vitality-4,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 3970-LEI-5,3970,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3970-vitality-5,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3970-LEI-6,3970,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children may be switching to Baki,bib7937,no -3970-vitality-6,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children may be switching to Baki,bib7937,no +3970-LEI-6,3970,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children may be switching to Baki,bib7962,no +3970-vitality-6,3970,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children may be switching to Baki,bib7962,no 3971-context-1,3971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese and Lao""}",,,bib70,yes 3971-location-1,3971,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Laos: East Savannahkhet Province, Sepone district; southeast Khammouan Province, Boulapha district.\nVietnam: Quang Binh, Quang Tri, and Dac Lac provinces.""}",,,bib70,yes 3971-location-2,3971,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.3333333333, 106.0]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -41402,28 +41588,28 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3971-vitality-1,3971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3971-LEI-2,3971,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 3971-vitality-2,3971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -3972-location-1,3972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3174, 105.4938]]}",,,bib5307,yes +3972-location-1,3972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3174, 105.4938]]}",,,bib5330,yes 3972-location-2,3972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.75, 104.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3972-location-3,3972,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -3972-speaker_number-1,3972,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -3972-speakers-1,3972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes +3972-speaker_number-1,3972,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +3972-speakers-1,3972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes 3972-speaker_number-2,3972,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3972-speakers-2,3972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3972-speaker_number-3,3972,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"20,000 speakers in Thailand (1991)",bib67,no 3972-speakers-3,3972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"20,000 speakers in Thailand (1991)",bib67,no -3972-LEI-1,3972,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -3972-vitality-1,3972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +3972-LEI-1,3972,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +3972-vitality-1,3972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 3972-LEI-2,3972,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3972-vitality-2,3972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3972-LEI-3,3972,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3972-vitality-3,3972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3974-location-1,3974,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.075, -44.9121]]}",,,bib5307,no +3974-location-1,3974,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.075, -44.9121]]}",,,bib5330,no 3974-location-2,3974,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.0, -45.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3974-location-3,3974,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Central Brazil.""}",,Eastern Central Brazil.,bib67,no -3974-speaker_number-1,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3974-speakers-1,3974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,795"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3974-speaker_number-2,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,yes -3974-speakers-2,3974,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,502 Canela (2006), 2,184 Krah\u00f4 (Timbira) (2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,502"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,yes +3974-speaker_number-1,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3974-speakers-1,3974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,795"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3974-speaker_number-2,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,yes +3974-speakers-2,3974,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,502 Canela (2006), 2,184 Krah\u00f4 (Timbira) (2006)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,502"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,yes 3974-speaker_number-3,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3974-speakers-3,3974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3974-speaker_number-4,3974,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2001). 1,337 Ramkokamekra (2001 ISA), 458 Apanjekra (2000 ISA). @@ -41432,156 +41618,156 @@ Secretary, Tribal Welfare, Andaman and Nicobar Administration in 2010)."" (pg. 2 3974-speakers-4,3974,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2001). 1,337 Ramkokamekra (2001 ISA), 458 Apanjekra (2000 ISA). 2,500 (2008 FUNASA) (2013).",bib67,no -3974-LEI-1,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3974-vitality-1,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3974-LEI-2,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3974-vitality-2,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3974-LEI-1,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3974-vitality-1,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3974-LEI-2,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3974-vitality-2,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3974-LEI-3,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3974-vitality-3,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3974-LEI-4,3974,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3974-vitality-4,3974,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3975-location-1,3975,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.5306, -44.0438]]}",,,bib5307,no +3975-location-1,3975,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.5306, -44.0438]]}",,,bib5330,no 3975-location-2,3975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Minas Gerais State.""}",,Minas Gerais.,bib69,no -3975-location-3,3975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3975-location-3,3975,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3975-speakers-1,3975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,"""No known L1 speakers."" (Crevels 2007)",bib69,no -3975-speakers-2,3975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,665"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,,bib1902,yes +3975-speakers-2,3975,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,665"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,,bib1914,yes 3975-LEI-1,3975,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 3975-vitality-1,3975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -3975-LEI-2,3975,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -3975-vitality-2,3975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -3978-location-1,3978,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5169, 57.7551]]}",,,bib5307,no +3975-LEI-2,3975,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +3975-vitality-2,3975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +3978-location-1,3978,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5169, 57.7551]]}",,,bib5330,no 3978-location-2,3978,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0392, 53.01374]]}",,,bib75,no 3978-location-3,3978,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -3978-speaker_number-1,3978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3978-speakers-1,3978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3978-speaker_number-1,3978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3978-speakers-1,3978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3978-speaker_number-2,3978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3978-speakers-2,3978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,033"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3978-speaker_number-3,3978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3978-speakers-3,3978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3978-LEI-1,3978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3978-vitality-1,3978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3978-LEI-1,3978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3978-vitality-1,3978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3978-LEI-2,3978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3978-vitality-2,3978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3978-LEI-3,3978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3978-vitality-3,3978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3979-location-1,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2052,no -3979-location-2,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India.""}",,,bib2396,no +3979-location-1,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2065,no +3979-location-2,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India.""}",,,bib2409,no 3979-location-3,3979,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5, 70.0]]}",,,bib216,no 3979-location-4,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -3979-location-5,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""A region to the northeast of Afghanistan, imbedded in the Hindu Kush valleys to the south of its main ridge.""}",,,bib4232,no -3979-location-6,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Gobar, Rumbur Valley (Chitral)""}",,,bib6094,yes -3979-location-7,3979,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3845, 71.3177]]}",,,bib5307,no +3979-location-5,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""A region to the northeast of Afghanistan, imbedded in the Hindu Kush valleys to the south of its main ridge.""}",,,bib4252,no +3979-location-6,3979,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Gobar, Rumbur Valley (Chitral)""}",,,bib6118,yes +3979-location-7,3979,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3845, 71.3177]]}",,,bib5330,no 3979-location-8,3979,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.420967, 71.292564]]}",,,bib75,no 3979-speaker_number-1,3979,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 in Afghanistan (1994). Population total all countries: 19,400.",bib67,no 3979-speakers-1,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 in Afghanistan (1994). Population total all countries: 19,400.",bib67,no -3979-speaker_number-2,3979,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,yes -3979-speakers-2,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700-5,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,yes -3979-speaker_number-3,3979,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3979-speakers-3,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +3979-speaker_number-2,3979,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,yes +3979-speakers-2,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700-5,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,yes +3979-speaker_number-3,3979,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3979-speakers-3,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 3979-speaker_number-4,3979,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3979-speakers-4,3979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3979-LEI-1,3979,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3979-vitality-1,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3979-LEI-2,3979,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,yes -3979-vitality-2,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,yes -3979-LEI-3,3979,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3979-vitality-3,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3979-LEI-2,3979,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,yes +3979-vitality-2,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,yes +3979-LEI-3,3979,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3979-vitality-3,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3979-LEI-4,3979,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3979-vitality-4,3979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3981-location-1,3981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.1094, -14.1586]]}",,,bib5307,no +3981-location-1,3981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.1094, -14.1586]]}",,,bib5330,no 3981-location-2,3981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5, -14.5]]}",,,bib216,no 3981-location-3,3981,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -3981-speaker_number-1,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3981-speakers-1,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -3981-speaker_number-2,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,no -3981-speakers-2,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,no +3981-speaker_number-1,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3981-speakers-1,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +3981-speaker_number-2,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no +3981-speakers-2,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no 3981-speaker_number-3,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3981-speakers-3,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3981-speaker_number-4,3981,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3981-speakers-4,3981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3981-LEI-1,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3981-vitality-1,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3981-LEI-2,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1685,no -3981-vitality-2,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1685,no +3981-LEI-1,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3981-vitality-1,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3981-LEI-2,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1697,no +3981-vitality-2,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1697,no 3981-LEI-3,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3981-vitality-3,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3981-LEI-4,3981,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3981-vitality-4,3981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3982-context-1,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Wolayta; Gamo; Guji-Oromo""}",,"[In towns,] the Bayso have to deal with people belonging to economically and politically more powerful people, such as the Wolayta, the Gamo and the Guji-Oromo. Multilingualism towards the latter’s languages and to Amharic, which remains the language of trade and education, makes the Bayso language useless in public.",bib6556,no -3982-context-2,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta, Gats\u00f8ame, (Guji-) Oromo, and Amharic.""}",,,bib6824,no -3982-context-3,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolayta; Oromo""}",,,bib6944,no -3982-context-4,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta, Oromo""}",,"The people are bilingual in Wolaytta and/or Oromo, also as a result of recent resettlement programmes, which resulted in modified patterns of bilingualism.",bib7615,yes -3982-location-1,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""[The Bayso people] live in the North Omo Zone (capital: Arba Minch), which is found in the Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Federal State (capital: Awasa), some 500km south of the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa. The Bayso inhabit the island of Gidiccho, the biggest island in Lake \nAbbaya [...] The Bayso village is found \nin the southern tip of the island.""}",,,bib6556,no +3982-context-1,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic; Wolayta; Gamo; Guji-Oromo""}",,"[In towns,] the Bayso have to deal with people belonging to economically and politically more powerful people, such as the Wolayta, the Gamo and the Guji-Oromo. Multilingualism towards the latter’s languages and to Amharic, which remains the language of trade and education, makes the Bayso language useless in public.",bib6580,no +3982-context-2,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta, Gats\u00f8ame, (Guji-) Oromo, and Amharic.""}",,,bib6848,no +3982-context-3,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolayta; Oromo""}",,,bib6968,no +3982-context-4,3982,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta, Oromo""}",,"The people are bilingual in Wolaytta and/or Oromo, also as a result of recent resettlement programmes, which resulted in modified patterns of bilingualism.",bib7640,yes +3982-location-1,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""[The Bayso people] live in the North Omo Zone (capital: Arba Minch), which is found in the Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Federal State (capital: Awasa), some 500km south of the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa. The Bayso inhabit the island of Gidiccho, the biggest island in Lake \nAbbaya [...] The Bayso village is found \nin the southern tip of the island.""}",,,bib6580,no 3982-location-2,3982,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.25, 37.75]]}",,,bib216,no 3982-location-3,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -3982-location-4,3982,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4081, 37.749]]}",,,bib5307,no -3982-location-5,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Gidicho Island in Lake Abaya. It is also spoken in a number of villages located along the western shore of Lake Abaya.""}",,,bib6944,no -3982-location-6,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Gidiccho Island, Welege Island, Golmakka Island, and the western shore of Lake Abaya, Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7615,yes -3982-speaker_number-1,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic Bayso, and Bayso mother tongue speakers, count about 3500",bib6556,no -3982-speakers-1,3982,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic Bayso, and Bayso mother tongue speakers, count about 3500",bib6556,no -3982-speaker_number-2,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1242,no -3982-speakers-2,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1242,no +3982-location-4,3982,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4081, 37.749]]}",,,bib5330,no +3982-location-5,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Gidicho Island in Lake Abaya. It is also spoken in a number of villages located along the western shore of Lake Abaya.""}",,,bib6968,no +3982-location-6,3982,location,"{""Places"": [""Gidiccho Island, Welege Island, Golmakka Island, and the western shore of Lake Abaya, Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7640,yes +3982-speaker_number-1,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic Bayso, and Bayso mother tongue speakers, count about 3500",bib6580,no +3982-speakers-1,3982,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic Bayso, and Bayso mother tongue speakers, count about 3500",bib6580,no +3982-speaker_number-2,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1251,no +3982-speakers-2,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1251,no 3982-speaker_number-3,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 3982-speakers-3,3982,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3260"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,010"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -3982-speakers-4,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100""}",,,bib6824,no -3982-speaker_number-5,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3982-speakers-5,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3982-speakers-4,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100""}",,,bib6848,no +3982-speaker_number-5,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3982-speakers-5,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3982-speaker_number-6,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3982-speakers-6,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3982-speaker_number-7,3982,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -3982-speakers-7,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -3982-speaker_number-8,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -3982-speakers-8,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes -3982-LEI-1,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6556,no -3982-vitality-1,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6556,no -3982-LEI-2,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No signs of language shift were found to exist. The younger generation tends toward Wolaitta (Ometo [wal]),bib1242,no -3982-vitality-2,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No signs of language shift were found to exist. The younger generation tends toward Wolaitta (Ometo [wal]),bib1242,no +3982-speaker_number-7,3982,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +3982-speakers-7,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +3982-speaker_number-8,3982,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +3982-speakers-8,3982,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes +3982-LEI-1,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6580,no +3982-vitality-1,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6580,no +3982-LEI-2,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No signs of language shift were found to exist. The younger generation tends toward Wolaitta (Ometo [wal]),bib1251,no +3982-vitality-2,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No signs of language shift were found to exist. The younger generation tends toward Wolaitta (Ometo [wal]),bib1251,no 3982-LEI-3,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3982-vitality-3,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3982-LEI-4,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3982-vitality-4,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3982-LEI-4,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3982-vitality-4,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3982-LEI-5,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3982-vitality-5,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -3982-LEI-6,3982,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -3982-vitality-6,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -3982-LEI-7,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -3982-vitality-7,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -3984-context-1,3984,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some multilingualism in Pashto and Urdu, especially among the educated and those who travel on business.""}",,,bib6094,yes -3984-location-1,3984,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9073, 72.8675]]}",,,bib5307,no -3984-location-2,3984,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Indus Kohistan Batera village (East of Indus North of Besham)""}",,,bib6094,yes +3982-LEI-6,3982,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +3982-vitality-6,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +3982-LEI-7,3982,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +3982-vitality-7,3982,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +3984-context-1,3984,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some multilingualism in Pashto and Urdu, especially among the educated and those who travel on business.""}",,,bib6118,yes +3984-location-1,3984,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9073, 72.8675]]}",,,bib5330,no +3984-location-2,3984,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Indus Kohistan Batera village (East of Indus North of Besham)""}",,,bib6118,yes 3984-location-3,3984,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -3984-speaker_number-1,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -3984-speakers-1,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -3984-speaker_number-2,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6094,yes -3984-speakers-2,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,251 (Pakistan); 29,051 (Worldwide)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6094,yes +3984-speaker_number-1,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +3984-speakers-1,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +3984-speaker_number-2,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6118,yes +3984-speakers-2,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,251 (Pakistan); 29,051 (Worldwide)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6118,yes 3984-speaker_number-3,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 3984-speakers-3,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,051"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 3984-speaker_number-4,3984,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There were 28,300 speakers in Pakistan in the year 2000.",bib67,no 3984-speakers-4,3984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There were 28,300 speakers in Pakistan in the year 2000.",bib67,no -3984-LEI-1,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3984-vitality-1,3984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3984-LEI-2,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,yes -3984-domains_of_use-2,3984,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib6094,yes -3984-vitality-2,3984,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6094,yes +3984-LEI-1,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3984-vitality-1,3984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3984-LEI-2,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,yes +3984-domains_of_use-2,3984,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib6118,yes +3984-vitality-2,3984,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6118,yes 3984-LEI-3,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3984-vitality-3,3984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3984-LEI-4,3984,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3984-vitality-4,3984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3987-location-1,3987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.728658199, 147.3600464]]}",,,bib7945,no +3987-location-1,3987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.728658199, 147.3600464]]}",,,bib7970,no 3987-location-2,3987,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 3987-speaker_number-1,3987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3987-speakers-1,3987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,694"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -3987-speakers-2,3987,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000""}",,"Population census: 10,000",bib2392,no +3987-speakers-2,3987,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000""}",,"Population census: 10,000",bib2405,no 3987-speaker_number-3,3987,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978). 40%% of speakers are monolingual.,bib67,yes 3987-speakers-3,3987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from K. McElhanon (1978). 40%% of speakers are monolingual.,bib67,yes 3987-LEI-1,3987,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3987-vitality-1,3987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3987-LEI-2,3987,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3987-vitality-2,3987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3990-location-1,3990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8028, -59.8095]]}",,,bib5307,no +3990-location-1,3990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.8028, -59.8095]]}",,,bib5330,no 3990-location-2,3990,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mamainde: Mato Grosso, between the Cabixi River and the Pardo River. Lakondê: Rondônia, Vilhena village.",bib70,no -3990-location-3,3990,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +3990-location-3,3990,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 3990-speaker_number-1,3990,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mamaindé: 330 (2007) (2014) Ethnologue distinguishes Lakondê [lkd], Latundê [ltn], Mamaindé [wmd], and Tawandê [xtw], members of their Kithãulh branch; for many other scholars, these are all dialects of a single language (Lacondê [lkd] and Latundê [ltn] are treated as alernate names for or varieties of Yalapmunxte). @@ -41590,12 +41776,12 @@ Ethnologue (2014) lists Lakondê 1 speaker (2007); Latundê 10 speakers (2010 S Ethnologue distinguishes Lakondê [lkd], Latundê [ltn], Mamaindé [wmd], and Tawandê [xtw], members of their Kithãulh branch; for many other scholars, these are all dialects of a single language (Lacondê [lkd] and Latundê [ltn] are treated as alernate names for or varieties of Yalapmunxte). Ethnologue (2014) lists Lakondê 1 speaker (2007); Latundê 10 speakers (2010 S. Anonby), ethnic population: 20 (2010 S. Anonby).",bib70,no -3990-speaker_number-2,3990,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mamaindê 250 speakers, 250 population;",bib1902,yes -3990-speakers-2,3990,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mamaindê 250 speakers, 250 population;",bib1902,yes +3990-speaker_number-2,3990,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mamaindê 250 speakers, 250 population;",bib1914,yes +3990-speakers-2,3990,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mamaindê 250 speakers, 250 population;",bib1914,yes 3990-LEI-1,3990,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 3990-vitality-1,3990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -3990-LEI-2,3990,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -3990-vitality-2,3990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +3990-LEI-2,3990,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +3990-vitality-2,3990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 3995-location-1,3995,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.61, 130.81]]}",,,bib75,no 3995-location-2,3995,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 3995-speaker_number-1,3995,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -41606,281 +41792,281 @@ Ethnologue (2014) lists Lakondê 1 speaker (2007); Latundê 10 speakers (2010 S 3995-vitality-1,3995,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3995-LEI-2,3995,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3995-vitality-2,3995,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -3996-context-1,3996,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,"Language under pressure from neighboring Ajie¨and Paicı, and from French",bib7937,no -3996-location-1,3996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5307,no -3996-location-2,3996,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Kon\u00e9 region on the south central coast. Villages of Oundjo and N\u00e9pou."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.039, 164.697], [-21.355, 165.097]]}",,,bib6307,yes -3996-location-3,3996,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""A third of the length of New Caledonia from its northwestern end, on the southwestern coast at Oundjo, and further south near Poya.""}",,,bib7937,no +3996-context-1,3996,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ajie\u00a8, Paic\u0131, French""}",,"Language under pressure from neighboring Ajie¨and Paicı, and from French",bib7962,no +3996-location-1,3996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5330,no +3996-location-2,3996,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Kon\u00e9 region on the south central coast. Villages of Oundjo and N\u00e9pou."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.039, 164.697], [-21.355, 165.097]]}",,,bib6331,yes +3996-location-3,3996,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""A third of the length of New Caledonia from its northwestern end, on the southwestern coast at Oundjo, and further south near Poya.""}",,,bib7962,no 3996-location-4,3996,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,no -3996-speaker_number-1,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -3996-speakers-1,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""878"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -3996-speaker_number-2,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6307,yes -3996-speakers-2,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6307,yes -3996-speaker_number-3,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 speakers reported in 1982. Today their number is somewhat less.,bib7937,no -3996-speakers-3,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 speakers reported in 1982. Today their number is somewhat less.,bib7937,no +3996-speaker_number-1,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +3996-speakers-1,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""878"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +3996-speaker_number-2,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6331,yes +3996-speakers-2,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6331,yes +3996-speaker_number-3,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 speakers reported in 1982. Today their number is somewhat less.,bib7962,no +3996-speakers-3,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 speakers reported in 1982. Today their number is somewhat less.,bib7962,no 3996-speaker_number-4,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 3996-speakers-4,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 3996-speaker_number-5,3996,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no 3996-speakers-5,3996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no -3996-LEI-1,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3996-vitality-1,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -3996-LEI-2,3996,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6307,yes -3996-domains_of_use-2,3996,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6307,yes -3996-vitality-2,3996,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6307,yes -3996-LEI-3,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7937,no -3996-vitality-3,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7937,no +3996-LEI-1,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3996-vitality-1,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +3996-LEI-2,3996,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6331,yes +3996-domains_of_use-2,3996,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6331,yes +3996-vitality-2,3996,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6331,yes +3996-LEI-3,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7962,no +3996-vitality-3,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Children are beginning to not learn the language.,bib7962,no 3996-LEI-4,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3996-vitality-4,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3996-LEI-5,3996,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 3996-vitality-5,3996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -3999-location-1,3999,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4954, 27.7404]]}",,,bib5307,no +3999-location-1,3999,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4954, 27.7404]]}",,,bib5330,no 3999-location-2,3999,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -3999-speaker_number-1,3999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -3999-speakers-1,3999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +3999-speaker_number-1,3999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +3999-speakers-1,3999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 3999-speaker_number-2,3999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 3999-speakers-2,3999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 3999-speaker_number-3,3999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 3999-speakers-3,3999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -3999-LEI-1,3999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -3999-vitality-1,3999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +3999-LEI-1,3999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +3999-vitality-1,3999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 3999-LEI-2,3999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 3999-vitality-2,3999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 3999-LEI-3,3999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 3999-vitality-3,3999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4001-context-1,4001,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official and the others in daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Zaiwa; Maru; Lashi; Mandarin; Dai;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Pela people practice exogamy with speakers of other Jingpo 景頗 languages in China such as Zaiwa 載瓦, Maru 浪速 and Lashi 勒期",bib8313,yes -4001-location-1,4001,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""mostly in Luxi \u6f5e\u897f, Lianghe \u6881\u6cb3, Longchuan \u96b4\u5ddd of Jingpo \u666f\u9817 Antonymous Prefecture, Yunnan \u96f2\u5357 Province, China; around 100 in the Myanmar-China border."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.449, 98.585], [24.184, 94.794], [24.815, 98.293]]}",,,bib8313,yes -4001-location-2,4001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0638, 98.2414]]}",,,bib5307,no -4001-location-3,4001,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Dehong \u5fb7\u5b8f Prefecture""}",,"Well under a thousand in Luxi 潞西, Yingjiang 盈江 and surrounding counties, included in the Jingpo 景頗 nationality, intermarrying with other groups within this nationality including Zaiwa 載瓦 (Atsi, Zi) and Langsu 浪速 (Lawngwaw, Maru) as well as Jinghpaw 景頗.",bib1205,no +4001-context-1,4001,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official and the others in daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Zaiwa; Maru; Lashi; Mandarin; Dai;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"The Pela people practice exogamy with speakers of other Jingpo 景頗 languages in China such as Zaiwa 載瓦, Maru 浪速 and Lashi 勒期",bib8338,yes +4001-location-1,4001,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""mostly in Luxi \u6f5e\u897f, Lianghe \u6881\u6cb3, Longchuan \u96b4\u5ddd of Jingpo \u666f\u9817 Antonymous Prefecture, Yunnan \u96f2\u5357 Province, China; around 100 in the Myanmar-China border."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.449, 98.585], [24.184, 94.794], [24.815, 98.293]]}",,,bib8338,yes +4001-location-2,4001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0638, 98.2414]]}",,,bib5330,no +4001-location-3,4001,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Dehong \u5fb7\u5b8f Prefecture""}",,"Well under a thousand in Luxi 潞西, Yingjiang 盈江 and surrounding counties, included in the Jingpo 景頗 nationality, intermarrying with other groups within this nationality including Zaiwa 載瓦 (Atsi, Zi) and Langsu 浪速 (Lawngwaw, Maru) as well as Jinghpaw 景頗.",bib1214,no 4001-location-4,4001,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4001-speaker_number-1,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 500 speakers in China and 100 speakers in Myanmar. Classified under the Jingpo 景頗 nationality in China.,bib8313,yes -4001-speakers-1,4001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~ 600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 500 speakers in China and 100 speakers in Myanmar. Classified under the Jingpo 景頗 nationality in China.,bib8313,yes -4001-speaker_number-2,4001,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4001-speakers-2,4001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4001-speaker_number-3,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Well under a thousand,bib1205,no -4001-speakers-3,4001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Well under a thousand,bib1205,no +4001-speaker_number-1,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Around 500 speakers in China and 100 speakers in Myanmar. Classified under the Jingpo 景頗 nationality in China.,bib8338,yes +4001-speakers-1,4001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~ 600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Around 500 speakers in China and 100 speakers in Myanmar. Classified under the Jingpo 景頗 nationality in China.,bib8338,yes +4001-speaker_number-2,4001,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4001-speakers-2,4001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4001-speaker_number-3,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Well under a thousand,bib1214,no +4001-speakers-3,4001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Well under a thousand,bib1214,no 4001-speaker_number-4,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4001-speakers-4,4001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4001-speaker_number-5,4001,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Bradley (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from J. Edmondson (2001).,bib67,no 4001-speakers-5,4001,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Bradley (2000). Data for the ethnic population is from J. Edmondson (2001).,bib67,no -4001-LEI-1,4001,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8313,yes -4001-transmission-1,4001,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8313,yes -4001-domains_of_use-1,4001,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8313,yes -4001-speaker_number_trends-1,4001,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib8313,yes -4001-vitality-1,4001,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8313,yes -4001-LEI-2,4001,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4001-vitality-2,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4001-LEI-3,4001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -4001-vitality-3,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +4001-LEI-1,4001,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8338,yes +4001-transmission-1,4001,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8338,yes +4001-domains_of_use-1,4001,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8338,yes +4001-speaker_number_trends-1,4001,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib8338,yes +4001-vitality-1,4001,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8338,yes +4001-LEI-2,4001,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4001-vitality-2,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4001-LEI-3,4001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +4001-vitality-3,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 4001-LEI-4,4001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4001-vitality-4,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4001-LEI-5,4001,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4001-vitality-5,4001,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4002-context-1,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tsamay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""72""}",,"Under a strong influence of neighboring languages as Tsamay, Gawwada; Konso, Oromo of Borana, Arbore; Hamer, Hanna, and others, Ongota was creolized or even pidginized. The most dominant process could be called a 'Tsamayization'.",bib966,no -4002-context-2,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko""}",,The Ongota have felt and will feel the need to change their despised status. It is therefore understandable that they have started to give up their ridiculed traditional language.,bib6557,yes -4002-context-3,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko, Hamar-Banna, Amharic, Borana Oromo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Poor"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The Ongota abandoned their language and ceased teaching it to their children in order to avoid being teased by the Ts'amakko and the Banna.,bib6555,no -4002-context-4,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko""}",,,bib5358,no -4002-context-5,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amay""}",,"Its speakers are gradually shifting towards the Cushitic language Ts'amay; interestingly, many Ts'amay are now in the process of shifting their language solidarity towards the Cushitic language Konso or the Omotic language Hamar.",bib7615,no -4002-location-1,4002,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ongota is the self-designation of a population from southwest Ethiopia north of Chaw Behar (earlier lake Stefania) and east of Lake Turkana (earlier lake Rudolf in Kenya)."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.779966, 37.287383]]}",,,bib966,no +4002-context-1,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tsamay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""72""}",,"Under a strong influence of neighboring languages as Tsamay, Gawwada; Konso, Oromo of Borana, Arbore; Hamer, Hanna, and others, Ongota was creolized or even pidginized. The most dominant process could be called a 'Tsamayization'.",bib970,no +4002-context-2,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko""}",,The Ongota have felt and will feel the need to change their despised status. It is therefore understandable that they have started to give up their ridiculed traditional language.,bib6581,yes +4002-context-3,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko, Hamar-Banna, Amharic, Borana Oromo"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Poor"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The Ongota abandoned their language and ceased teaching it to their children in order to avoid being teased by the Ts'amakko and the Banna.,bib6579,no +4002-context-4,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amakko""}",,,bib5381,no +4002-context-5,4002,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ts'amay""}",,"Its speakers are gradually shifting towards the Cushitic language Ts'amay; interestingly, many Ts'amay are now in the process of shifting their language solidarity towards the Cushitic language Konso or the Omotic language Hamar.",bib7640,no +4002-location-1,4002,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ongota is the self-designation of a population from southwest Ethiopia north of Chaw Behar (earlier lake Stefania) and east of Lake Turkana (earlier lake Rudolf in Kenya)."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.779966, 37.287383]]}",,,bib970,no 4002-location-2,4002,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -4002-location-3,4002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3207, 37.2244]]}",,,bib5307,no -4002-location-4,4002,location,"{""Places"": [""Muts'e, southwest Ethiopia""]}",,,bib6555,no -4002-speaker_number-1,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib966,no -4002-speakers-1,4002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib966,no +4002-location-3,4002,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3207, 37.2244]]}",,,bib5330,no +4002-location-4,4002,location,"{""Places"": [""Muts'e, southwest Ethiopia""]}",,,bib6579,no +4002-speaker_number-1,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib970,no +4002-speakers-1,4002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib970,no 4002-speaker_number-2,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 4002-speakers-2,4002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""89"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -4002-speakers-3,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A handful""}",,,bib605,no -4002-speaker_number-4,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4002-speakers-4,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -4002-speaker_number-5,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6557,yes -4002-speakers-5,4002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6557,yes -4002-speaker_number-6,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6555,no -4002-speakers-6,4002,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""8"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6555,no +4002-speakers-3,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A handful""}",,,bib608,no +4002-speaker_number-4,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4002-speakers-4,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +4002-speaker_number-5,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6581,yes +4002-speakers-5,4002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6581,yes +4002-speaker_number-6,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6579,no +4002-speakers-6,4002,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""8"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6579,no 4002-speaker_number-7,4002,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4002-speakers-7,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4002-speaker_number-8,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5358,no -4002-speakers-8,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5358,no -4002-LEI-1,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib966,no -4002-transmission-1,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib966,no -4002-speaker_number_trends-1,4002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib966,no -4002-vitality-1,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib966,no +4002-speaker_number-8,4002,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5381,no +4002-speakers-8,4002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5381,no +4002-LEI-1,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib970,no +4002-transmission-1,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib970,no +4002-speaker_number_trends-1,4002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib970,no +4002-vitality-1,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib970,no 4002-LEI-2,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4002-vitality-2,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4002-LEI-3,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4002-vitality-3,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4002-LEI-4,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6557,yes -4002-transmission-4,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6557,yes -4002-domains_of_use-4,4002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6557,yes -4002-vitality-4,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6557,yes -4002-LEI-5,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6555,no -4002-transmission-5,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6555,no -4002-domains_of_use-5,4002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6555,no -4002-speaker_number_trends-5,4002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6555,no -4002-vitality-5,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6555,no +4002-LEI-3,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4002-vitality-3,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4002-LEI-4,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6581,yes +4002-transmission-4,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6581,yes +4002-domains_of_use-4,4002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6581,yes +4002-vitality-4,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"A moribund language which is not transmitted anymore, and which is used in extremely limited contexts",bib6581,yes +4002-LEI-5,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6579,no +4002-transmission-5,4002,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6579,no +4002-domains_of_use-5,4002,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6579,no +4002-speaker_number_trends-5,4002,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6579,no +4002-vitality-5,4002,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6579,no 4002-LEI-6,4002,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4002-vitality-6,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4002-LEI-7,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5358,no -4002-vitality-7,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5358,no +4002-LEI-7,4002,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5381,no +4002-vitality-7,4002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5381,no 4003-location-1,4003,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4003-location-2,4003,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.01509473, 113.7199743]]}",,,bib1182,no -4003-location-3,4003,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.905927, 114.783325], [-23.821346, 113.523906], [-23.102907, 113.806799], [-23.15716, 114.540807]]}",,"Spoken along the Minilya River from Middalya Station west to the coast at Gnaraloo, north to Cardabia and then east to Winning Station and the lower reaches of the Lyndon River.",bib596,no -4003-location-4,4003,location,"{""Description"": ""Bayungu country extends from Point Cloates through to Point Quobba, then stretches east to Manberry Station and north to Winning Pool Station. In 1998 ownership of Cardabia Station was handed back to the Bayungu people. This station is now run as a pastoral property with Bayungu people working as managers. Cardabia has become the main place where people of Bayungu heritage gather.""}",,,bib1577,no -4003-speaker_number-1,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4003-speakers-1,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4003-location-2,4003,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.01509473, 113.7199743]]}",,,bib1191,no +4003-location-3,4003,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.905927, 114.783325], [-23.821346, 113.523906], [-23.102907, 113.806799], [-23.15716, 114.540807]]}",,"Spoken along the Minilya River from Middalya Station west to the coast at Gnaraloo, north to Cardabia and then east to Winning Station and the lower reaches of the Lyndon River.",bib599,no +4003-location-4,4003,location,"{""Description"": ""Bayungu country extends from Point Cloates through to Point Quobba, then stretches east to Manberry Station and north to Winning Pool Station. In 1998 ownership of Cardabia Station was handed back to the Bayungu people. This station is now run as a pastoral property with Bayungu people working as managers. Cardabia has become the main place where people of Bayungu heritage gather.""}",,,bib1589,no +4003-speaker_number-1,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4003-speakers-1,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4003-speaker_number-2,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4003-speakers-2,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4003-speaker_number-3,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4003-speakers-3,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4003-speaker_number-4,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are two fluent speakers remaining, and a -number of semi-speakers.",bib596,no +number of semi-speakers.",bib599,no 4003-speakers-4,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A number""}",,"There are two fluent speakers remaining, and a -number of semi-speakers.",bib596,no +number of semi-speakers.",bib599,no 4003-speaker_number-5,4003,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4003-speakers-5,4003,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4003-LEI-1,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4003-vitality-1,4003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4003-LEI-1,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4003-vitality-1,4003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4003-LEI-2,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4003-vitality-2,4003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4003-LEI-3,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4003-vitality-3,4003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4003-LEI-4,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib596,no -4003-speaker_number_trends-4,4003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib596,no -4003-vitality-4,4003,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib596,no +4003-LEI-4,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib599,no +4003-speaker_number_trends-4,4003,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib599,no +4003-vitality-4,4003,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib599,no 4003-LEI-5,4003,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4003-vitality-5,4003,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4004-context-1,4004,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French and Jula are used in education.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, Fulfulde, Samo, Senoufo, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all speakers speak Jula. Significant numbers speak Fulfulde, Samo, or Senoufo. Very few speakers of French.""}",,"Personal fieldwork (2012): In the ten interviews I conducted, speakers reported highly positive attitudes towards the language. Yet this does not seem to be the full picture. One such interviewee eventually became my main informant. He said that he was very proud of his ethnicity and language and prouder still to be sharing his knowledge with a linguist. On one of our trips into the city, I found this same man lying about his ethnicity by telling others that he is Senoufo. When confronted, he admitted that he prefers not to mention his Jalkunan identity outside the village. At present, the prevalence of this behavior is unknown, but certainly it has made me think twice about any reports of positive feelings.",bib7419,yes +4004-context-1,4004,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French and Jula are used in education.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, Fulfulde, Samo, Senoufo, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly all speakers speak Jula. Significant numbers speak Fulfulde, Samo, or Senoufo. Very few speakers of French.""}",,"Personal fieldwork (2012): In the ten interviews I conducted, speakers reported highly positive attitudes towards the language. Yet this does not seem to be the full picture. One such interviewee eventually became my main informant. He said that he was very proud of his ethnicity and language and prouder still to be sharing his knowledge with a linguist. On one of our trips into the city, I found this same man lying about his ethnicity by telling others that he is Senoufo. When confronted, he admitted that he prefers not to mention his Jalkunan identity outside the village. At present, the prevalence of this behavior is unknown, but certainly it has made me think twice about any reports of positive feelings.",bib7443,yes 4004-context-2,4004,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, market, government, with neighboring ethnic groups""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jula, French, Natioro, Noumou, Tyurama, Senoufo, Cerma"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Everyone under 40""}",,"Many of the Blé young people enroll in the school, and as a result, a number of teenage and older Blé are literate in Jula. Those enrolled in the CFJA [local school] are also taught very basic French... Jula is the language used at the market and with many neighbors... The Blé assert that some people of other ethnic groups learn Blé, and that the Blé learn other neighboring languages, in particular Natioro and Noumou. They also mentioned that some Blé speak Tyurama, Senoufo, and Cerma. However, they state that they prefer to communicate with their neighbors in Jula... Blé youth in particular (ages 12–25) show a level in Jula comparable to that of mother tongue speakers... The attitude of the Blé towards their language seems to be two-sided. On the one hand, -Blé adults are proud of their language and do not want to see it die out... On the other hand... they seem proud of the fact that everyone under age 40 is literate in Jula.",bib887,no -4004-location-1,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, Co\u0302te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora. Most speakers live in Bl\u00e9dougou and Sobara, though the Bl\u00e9 of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. Unconfirmed reports of speakers living in villages between Bl\u00e9dougou and the border of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. \n\nPersonal fieldwork (2012): Fewer than 10 elderly speakers in Sobara. Unconfirmed reports of upwards of 200 ethnic Jalkunan in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. It is unknown how many of them are speakers."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.577291, -5.355762]]}",,,bib7419,yes -4004-location-2,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The Bl\u00e9 are located in the province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora (see figure 1.2.1). Most of the Bl\u00e9 live in Bl\u00e9dougou and Sobara, though the Bl\u00e9 of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. According to their traditions, their land area is quite large, extending southwest to the C\u00f4te d'Ivoire border. They report Bl\u00e9 living in the villages between Bl\u00e9dougou and the border, although we have not confirmed this."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.57456, -5.352453]]}",,,bib887,no -4004-location-3,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Village of Bl\u00e9-dougou, west of Banfora, near the town of Sindou.""}",,,bib6944,no +Blé adults are proud of their language and do not want to see it die out... On the other hand... they seem proud of the fact that everyone under age 40 is literate in Jula.",bib891,no +4004-location-1,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, Co\u0302te d'Ivoire""], ""Description"": ""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora. Most speakers live in Bl\u00e9dougou and Sobara, though the Bl\u00e9 of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. Unconfirmed reports of speakers living in villages between Bl\u00e9dougou and the border of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. \n\nPersonal fieldwork (2012): Fewer than 10 elderly speakers in Sobara. Unconfirmed reports of upwards of 200 ethnic Jalkunan in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. It is unknown how many of them are speakers."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.577291, -5.355762]]}",,,bib7443,yes +4004-location-2,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The Bl\u00e9 are located in the province of Leraba and in the department of Loumana, an area approximately 50 km west of Banfora (see figure 1.2.1). Most of the Bl\u00e9 live in Bl\u00e9dougou and Sobara, though the Bl\u00e9 of Sobara shifted to using Senoufo as their language. According to their traditions, their land area is quite large, extending southwest to the C\u00f4te d'Ivoire border. They report Bl\u00e9 living in the villages between Bl\u00e9dougou and the border, although we have not confirmed this."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.57456, -5.352453]]}",,,bib891,no +4004-location-3,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""Village of Bl\u00e9-dougou, west of Banfora, near the town of Sindou.""}",,,bib6968,no 4004-location-4,4004,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso""]}",,,bib67,no -4004-speaker_number-1,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All L2 speakers are non-Jalkunan women who have intermarried into the tribe. There are about 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire, but it is uncertain how many of them are speakers. (Personal fieldwork, 2012)",bib7419,yes -4004-speakers-1,4004,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""300"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""1000-1200"", ""Young Adults"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Elders"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,"All L2 speakers are non-Jalkunan women who have intermarried into the tribe. There are about 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire, but it is uncertain how many of them are speakers. (Personal fieldwork, 2012)",bib7419,yes +4004-speaker_number-1,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"All L2 speakers are non-Jalkunan women who have intermarried into the tribe. There are about 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire, but it is uncertain how many of them are speakers. (Personal fieldwork, 2012)",bib7443,yes +4004-speakers-1,4004,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""300"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""1000-1200"", ""Young Adults"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Elders"": ""100"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,"All L2 speakers are non-Jalkunan women who have intermarried into the tribe. There are about 200 ethnic Jalkunan in Côte d’Ivoire, but it is uncertain how many of them are speakers. (Personal fieldwork, 2012)",bib7443,yes 4004-speaker_number-2,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4004-speakers-2,4004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4004-speaker_number-3,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the Blé, there are approximately 500 speakers of Blé, and 300 Blé who speak Jula and Senoufo. ",bib887,no -4004-speakers-3,4004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the Blé, there are approximately 500 speakers of Blé, and 300 Blé who speak Jula and Senoufo. ",bib887,no -4004-speaker_number-4,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4004-speakers-4,4004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +4004-speaker_number-3,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to the Blé, there are approximately 500 speakers of Blé, and 300 Blé who speak Jula and Senoufo. ",bib891,no +4004-speakers-3,4004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to the Blé, there are approximately 500 speakers of Blé, and 300 Blé who speak Jula and Senoufo. ",bib891,no +4004-speaker_number-4,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4004-speakers-4,4004,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 4004-speaker_number-5,4004,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,no 4004-speakers-5,4004,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,no -4004-LEI-1,4004,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7419,yes -4004-transmission-1,4004,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7419,yes -4004-domains_of_use-1,4004,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7419,yes -4004-speaker_number_trends-1,4004,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7419,yes -4004-vitality-1,4004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7419,yes +4004-LEI-1,4004,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7443,yes +4004-transmission-1,4004,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7443,yes +4004-domains_of_use-1,4004,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7443,yes +4004-speaker_number_trends-1,4004,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7443,yes +4004-vitality-1,4004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Berthelette & Berthelette (2001): Language of the home and normal village life is Jalkunan. Young people speak Blé most of the time. Use of Jula among the children seems to be growing. The older people state that their children speak Jula better than they do. Young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Jalkunan are present. Children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking.",bib7443,yes 4004-LEI-2,4004,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4004-vitality-2,4004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4004-LEI-3,4004,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"16 of 17 of the respondents to the individual questionnaire state that young people speak Blé most of the time. However, the use of Jula among the children seems to be growing... As an indication that language shift is taking place, 15 of 17 state that Blé young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Blé are present. Furthermore, 7 of 17 subjects report that children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Finally, 12 of 17 state that young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking... The adults use Blé with other Blé. However, some adults said they have replaced some -Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib887,no +Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib891,no 4004-transmission-3,4004,transmission,1,transmission-1,"16 of 17 of the respondents to the individual questionnaire state that young people speak Blé most of the time. However, the use of Jula among the children seems to be growing... As an indication that language shift is taking place, 15 of 17 state that Blé young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Blé are present. Furthermore, 7 of 17 subjects report that children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Finally, 12 of 17 state that young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking... The adults use Blé with other Blé. However, some adults said they have replaced some -Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib887,no +Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib891,no 4004-domains_of_use-3,4004,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"16 of 17 of the respondents to the individual questionnaire state that young people speak Blé most of the time. However, the use of Jula among the children seems to be growing... As an indication that language shift is taking place, 15 of 17 state that Blé young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Blé are present. Furthermore, 7 of 17 subjects report that children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Finally, 12 of 17 state that young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking... The adults use Blé with other Blé. However, some adults said they have replaced some -Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib887,no +Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib891,no 4004-vitality-3,4004,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"16 of 17 of the respondents to the individual questionnaire state that young people speak Blé most of the time. However, the use of Jula among the children seems to be growing... As an indication that language shift is taking place, 15 of 17 state that Blé young people sometimes speak Jula even if no non-Blé are present. Furthermore, 7 of 17 subjects report that children sometimes start sentences in Blé, but must finish them in Jula. Finally, 12 of 17 state that young people mix Jula into their Blé when speaking... The adults use Blé with other Blé. However, some adults said they have replaced some -Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib887,no -4004-LEI-4,4004,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4004-vitality-4,4004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib891,no +4004-LEI-4,4004,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4004-vitality-4,4004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4004-LEI-5,4004,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4004-vitality-5,4004,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4005-location-1,4005,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6159, -68.7304]]}",,,bib5307,no -4005-location-2,4005,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8217,yes -4005-location-3,4005,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +4005-location-1,4005,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.6159, -68.7304]]}",,,bib5330,no +4005-location-2,4005,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8242,yes +4005-location-3,4005,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 4005-location-4,4005,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -4005-speaker_number-1,4005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4005-speakers-1,4005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4005-speaker_number-2,4005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8217,yes -4005-speakers-2,4005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8217,yes -4005-speaker_number-3,4005,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Katukina do Biá (Pedá Djapá, Tüküná): 1 speaker (1976), 450 ethnic population (2007).",bib1902,no -4005-speakers-3,4005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Katukina do Biá (Pedá Djapá, Tüküná): 1 speaker (1976), 450 ethnic population (2007).",bib1902,no +4005-speaker_number-1,4005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4005-speakers-1,4005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4005-speaker_number-2,4005,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8242,yes +4005-speakers-2,4005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8242,yes +4005-speaker_number-3,4005,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Katukina do Biá (Pedá Djapá, Tüküná): 1 speaker (1976), 450 ethnic population (2007).",bib1914,no +4005-speakers-3,4005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Katukina do Biá (Pedá Djapá, Tüküná): 1 speaker (1976), 450 ethnic population (2007).",bib1914,no 4005-speaker_number-4,4005,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4005-speakers-4,4005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4005-speaker_number-5,4005,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,1 (1976 SIL). Ethnic population: 289 (2000 ISA),bib67,no 4005-speakers-5,4005,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""289"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 speaker, 2000 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,1 (1976 SIL). Ethnic population: 289 (2000 ISA),bib67,no -4005-LEI-1,4005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4005-vitality-1,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4005-LEI-2,4005,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8217,yes -4005-transmission-2,4005,transmission,0,transmission-0,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8217,yes -4005-domains_of_use-2,4005,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8217,yes -4005-speaker_number_trends-2,4005,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8217,yes -4005-vitality-2,4005,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8217,yes -4005-LEI-3,4005,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -4005-vitality-3,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +4005-LEI-1,4005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4005-vitality-1,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4005-LEI-2,4005,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8242,yes +4005-transmission-2,4005,transmission,0,transmission-0,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8242,yes +4005-domains_of_use-2,4005,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8242,yes +4005-speaker_number_trends-2,4005,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8242,yes +4005-vitality-2,4005,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,most of them (especially women and children) are monolingual in the language,bib8242,yes +4005-LEI-3,4005,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +4005-vitality-3,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 4005-LEI-4,4005,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4005-vitality-4,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4005-LEI-5,4005,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4005-vitality-5,4005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4006-context-1,4006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Mongolian, Chinese, Japanese""}",,"In rural areas, knowledge of other languages (Russian, Mongolian, Chinese, and Japanese) seems to be better among adult males than females.",bib6475,yes -4006-location-1,4006,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""In Transbaikalia, extending from Lake Baikal in the west to the Onon basin in the east; also in northeastern Mongolia (since the 19th century) and northwestern Manchuria, China (after 1917); on the Russian side the Eastern Buryat population is today concentrated in the regions known as the Buryat Republic (Buryatia) and the Aga Buryat Autonomous District of Chita Oblast; on the Chinese side the speakers of Eastern Buryat live in the region of the river Xinihe (Shinehen), a tributary to the Imin-Hailar-Argun system in southern Hulun Buir, Inner Mongolia.""}",,,bib6475,yes -4006-location-2,4006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.8336, 109.5117]]}",,,bib5307,no +4006-context-1,4006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Mongolian, Chinese, Japanese""}",,"In rural areas, knowledge of other languages (Russian, Mongolian, Chinese, and Japanese) seems to be better among adult males than females.",bib6499,yes +4006-location-1,4006,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""In Transbaikalia, extending from Lake Baikal in the west to the Onon basin in the east; also in northeastern Mongolia (since the 19th century) and northwestern Manchuria, China (after 1917); on the Russian side the Eastern Buryat population is today concentrated in the regions known as the Buryat Republic (Buryatia) and the Aga Buryat Autonomous District of Chita Oblast; on the Chinese side the speakers of Eastern Buryat live in the region of the river Xinihe (Shinehen), a tributary to the Imin-Hailar-Argun system in southern Hulun Buir, Inner Mongolia.""}",,,bib6499,yes +4006-location-2,4006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.8336, 109.5117]]}",,,bib5330,no 4006-location-3,4006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[52.0, 108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4006-location-4,4006,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""Russia"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4006-speaker_number-1,4006,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6475,yes -4006-speakers-1,4006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6475,yes -4006-speaker_number-2,4006,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4006-speakers-2,4006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4006-speaker_number-1,4006,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6499,yes +4006-speakers-1,4006,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6499,yes +4006-speaker_number-2,4006,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4006-speakers-2,4006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4006-speaker_number-3,4006,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4006-speakers-3,4006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4006-speaker_number-4,4006,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4006-speakers-4,4006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4006-LEI-1,4006,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6475,yes -4006-transmission-1,4006,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6475,yes -4006-speaker_number_trends-1,4006,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6475,yes -4006-vitality-1,4006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6475,yes -4006-LEI-2,4006,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4006-vitality-2,4006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4006-LEI-1,4006,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6499,yes +4006-transmission-1,4006,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6499,yes +4006-speaker_number_trends-1,4006,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6499,yes +4006-vitality-1,4006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In many rural areas, children are still learning the language, but not in cities, where Russian is normally spoken even between Buryat-speaking individuals... the Buryat-speaking territory is, nevertheless, continuously shrinking, and there are very few monolingual individuals",bib6499,yes +4006-LEI-2,4006,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4006-vitality-2,4006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4006-LEI-3,4006,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4006-vitality-3,4006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4006-LEI-4,4006,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4006-vitality-4,4006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4007-location-1,4007,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Nyang, Maroonah; Lyndon"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.907803, 115.020447], [-23.480018, 115.545798], [-23.480018, 115.545798]]}",,"Spoken south of Thalanyji along the Yannarie River from Nyang Station to Maroonah Station, and then south-west to the Lyndon River.",bib596,no -4007-location-2,4007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.0093807, 114.8292027]]}",,,bib1182,no -4007-location-3,4007,location,"{""Description"": ""Burduna people live in the Ashburton-Gascoyne region in the south of the Pilbara. Many people now live in Onslow and Carnarvon... Burduna was spoken around Nyang and Maroonah Stations in the Ashburton-Gascoyne region of the Pilbara in Western Australia, Traditional country was around the Yannarie River and Lyndon River area. The area in and around Towera Station is spoken of as being traditional Burduna country as well.""}",,,bib1579,yes +4007-location-1,4007,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Nyang, Maroonah; Lyndon"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.907803, 115.020447], [-23.480018, 115.545798], [-23.480018, 115.545798]]}",,"Spoken south of Thalanyji along the Yannarie River from Nyang Station to Maroonah Station, and then south-west to the Lyndon River.",bib599,no +4007-location-2,4007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.0093807, 114.8292027]]}",,,bib1191,no +4007-location-3,4007,location,"{""Description"": ""Burduna people live in the Ashburton-Gascoyne region in the south of the Pilbara. Many people now live in Onslow and Carnarvon... Burduna was spoken around Nyang and Maroonah Stations in the Ashburton-Gascoyne region of the Pilbara in Western Australia, Traditional country was around the Yannarie River and Lyndon River area. The area in and around Towera Station is spoken of as being traditional Burduna country as well.""}",,,bib1591,yes 4007-location-4,4007,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Henry and upper Lyndon rivers.""}",,,bib69,no -4007-speaker_number-1,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4007-speakers-1,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4007-speaker_number-2,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There remain two speakers, but they are very old and ill.",bib596,no -4007-speakers-2,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There remain two speakers, but they are very old and ill.",bib596,no -4007-speakers-4,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"A language inventory in 1994 identifies no remaining speakers of the language. Many people of Burduna heritage speak some words or phrases but the language is considered to be extinct... Today there are a few people who can still recognise and use small amounts of the language, living in Onslow.",bib1579,yes +4007-speaker_number-1,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4007-speakers-1,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4007-speaker_number-2,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There remain two speakers, but they are very old and ill.",bib599,no +4007-speakers-2,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There remain two speakers, but they are very old and ill.",bib599,no +4007-speakers-4,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"A language inventory in 1994 identifies no remaining speakers of the language. Many people of Burduna heritage speak some words or phrases but the language is considered to be extinct... Today there are a few people who can still recognise and use small amounts of the language, living in Onslow.",bib1591,yes 4007-speaker_number-5,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4007-speakers-5,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4007-speaker_number-6,4007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(SIL),bib69,no 4007-speakers-6,4007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4007-LEI-1,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4007-vitality-1,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4007-LEI-2,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib596,no -4007-vitality-2,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib596,no -4007-LEI-3,4007,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1579,yes -4007-vitality-3,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1579,yes +4007-LEI-1,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4007-vitality-1,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4007-LEI-2,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib599,no +4007-vitality-2,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib599,no +4007-LEI-3,4007,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1591,yes +4007-vitality-3,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1591,yes 4007-LEI-4,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4007-vitality-4,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4007-LEI-5,4007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4007-vitality-5,4007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 4008-location-1,4008,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kano state; found in military barracks."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.0, 8.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 4008-speakers-1,4008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""As a pidgin, this language has no native speakers."", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""L2 used in military barracks.""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -4009-location-1,4009,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.136728, 113.41095], [-24.668234, 113.687668], [-24.021379, 114.130554], [-23.758953, 114.442978]]}",,Spoken along the coast from Cape Cuvier south to Boolathanna and inland to Manberry and Minilya stations. Their territory included Lake Macleod.,bib596,yes -4009-speakers-1,4009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The Maya seem to have died out early this century; Radcliffe-Brown recorded some information from speakers in 1910, but by 1958 O’Grady was unable to collect any information, except a comment that the language was like Yingkarta.",bib596,yes -4009-LEI-1,4009,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib596,yes -4009-vitality-1,4009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib596,yes -401-context-1,401,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Intra-group communication (Kriol), with whites (Aboriginal English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""After the missionaries' censure of the language in the 50s, there have been several attempts at integrating Gooniyandi into education, all short-lived."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the older generation are bi-/multi-lingual, those under 30 are native speakers of Kriol and Aboriginal English.""}",,"United Aborigines Mission established a local Mission in 1951. It opened the first school and hostel. In the hostel, native tongues were forbidden, and ""this was probably an important factor in the demise of traditional language, and the rise of Kriol.""",bib5046,yes -401-context-2,401,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Kriol""}",,,bib7937,no -401-location-1,401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.26153435, 126.2884882]]}",,,bib1182,no -401-location-2,401,location,"{""Places"": [""Fitzroy Valley, Kimberley, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Kimberley region of Western Australia""}",,,bib5046,yes -401-speaker_number-1,401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5046,yes -401-speakers-1,401,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""All fluent speakers of Gooniyandi are over 30."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""Of the fluent speakers, about half would identify as Gooniyandi people and 'owners'. The remainder are Bunuba, Kija, Jaru, and Walmajarri who have Gooniyandi as a second language."", ""Young Adults"": ""Some individuals under 30 can understand but do not speak."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980 or 1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5046,yes -401-speaker_number-2,401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -401-speakers-2,401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -401-speaker_number-3,401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -401-speakers-3,401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""100""}",,,bib7937,no +4009-location-1,4009,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.136728, 113.41095], [-24.668234, 113.687668], [-24.021379, 114.130554], [-23.758953, 114.442978]]}",,Spoken along the coast from Cape Cuvier south to Boolathanna and inland to Manberry and Minilya stations. Their territory included Lake Macleod.,bib599,yes +4009-speakers-1,4009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The Maya seem to have died out early this century; Radcliffe-Brown recorded some information from speakers in 1910, but by 1958 O’Grady was unable to collect any information, except a comment that the language was like Yingkarta.",bib599,yes +4009-LEI-1,4009,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib599,yes +4009-vitality-1,4009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib599,yes +401-context-1,401,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Intra-group communication (Kriol), with whites (Aboriginal English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""After the missionaries' censure of the language in the 50s, there have been several attempts at integrating Gooniyandi into education, all short-lived."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the older generation are bi-/multi-lingual, those under 30 are native speakers of Kriol and Aboriginal English.""}",,"United Aborigines Mission established a local Mission in 1951. It opened the first school and hostel. In the hostel, native tongues were forbidden, and ""this was probably an important factor in the demise of traditional language, and the rise of Kriol.""",bib5068,yes +401-context-2,401,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speak Kriol""}",,,bib7962,no +401-location-1,401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.26153435, 126.2884882]]}",,,bib1191,no +401-location-2,401,location,"{""Places"": [""Fitzroy Valley, Kimberley, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Kimberley region of Western Australia""}",,,bib5068,yes +401-speaker_number-1,401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5068,yes +401-speakers-1,401,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""All fluent speakers of Gooniyandi are over 30."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""Of the fluent speakers, about half would identify as Gooniyandi people and 'owners'. The remainder are Bunuba, Kija, Jaru, and Walmajarri who have Gooniyandi as a second language."", ""Young Adults"": ""Some individuals under 30 can understand but do not speak."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980 or 1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5068,yes +401-speaker_number-2,401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +401-speakers-2,401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +401-speaker_number-3,401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +401-speakers-3,401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""100""}",,,bib7962,no 401-speaker_number-4,401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 401-speakers-4,401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -401-LEI-1,401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5046,yes -401-transmission-1,401,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5046,yes -401-domains_of_use-1,401,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5046,yes -401-vitality-1,401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5046,yes -401-LEI-2,401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -401-vitality-2,401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -401-LEI-3,401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -401-vitality-3,401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +401-LEI-1,401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5068,yes +401-transmission-1,401,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5068,yes +401-domains_of_use-1,401,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5068,yes +401-vitality-1,401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In speaking to very young children, members of the older -- usually grandparental -- generation frequently use Gooniyandi. Parents usually speak to their children in Kriol... children do generally have some exposure to Gooniyandi, and generally know some of the more comon words... Gooniyandi is thus still in daily use.",bib5068,yes +401-LEI-2,401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +401-vitality-2,401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +401-LEI-3,401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +401-vitality-3,401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 401-LEI-4,401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 401-vitality-4,401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4010-location-1,4010,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.217625, 10.364777]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -41892,112 +42078,112 @@ Blé words with Jula equivalents in everyday conversation.",bib887,no 4010-vitality-1,4010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4010-LEI-2,4010,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4010-vitality-2,4010,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4012-context-1,4012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6475,yes -4012-location-1,4012,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In Cisbaikalia, to the north of the Eastern Sayan mountains and in the Angara region; officially concentrated in the Ust'-Orda (Ust'-Ordynskij) Autonomous District of Irkutsk Oblast; a displaced dialect of Western Buryat is also spoken in the Barguzin valley of Transbaikalia.""}",,,bib6475,yes -4012-location-2,4012,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.8336, 109.5117]]}",,,bib5307,no +4012-context-1,4012,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6499,yes +4012-location-1,4012,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In Cisbaikalia, to the north of the Eastern Sayan mountains and in the Angara region; officially concentrated in the Ust'-Orda (Ust'-Ordynskij) Autonomous District of Irkutsk Oblast; a displaced dialect of Western Buryat is also spoken in the Barguzin valley of Transbaikalia.""}",,,bib6499,yes +4012-location-2,4012,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.8336, 109.5117]]}",,,bib5330,no 4012-location-3,4012,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China"", ""Mongolia""]}",,,bib67,no -4012-speaker_number-1,4012,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6475,yes -4012-speakers-1,4012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6475,yes +4012-speaker_number-1,4012,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6499,yes +4012-speakers-1,4012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6499,yes 4012-speaker_number-2,4012,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4012-speakers-2,4012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""318,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4012-speaker_number-3,4012,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no 4012-speakers-3,4012,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""445,175"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""369,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 Russian census.,bib67,no -4012-LEI-1,4012,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6475,yes -4012-transmission-1,4012,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6475,yes -4012-vitality-1,4012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6475,yes +4012-LEI-1,4012,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6499,yes +4012-transmission-1,4012,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6499,yes +4012-vitality-1,4012,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Deteriorating due to interference from Russian, invariably known as a second language; Russian cultural impact has also been stronger on the speakers of Western Buryat than on those of Eastern Buryat.",bib6499,yes 4012-LEI-2,4012,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4012-vitality-2,4012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4012-LEI-3,4012,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4012-vitality-3,4012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4014-location-1,4014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas State, near the city of Feijó.",bib68,no -4014-location-2,4014,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1014, -70.2129]]}",,,bib5307,no -4014-location-3,4014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2950,yes -4014-location-4,4014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +4014-location-2,4014,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1014, -70.2129]]}",,,bib5330,no +4014-location-3,4014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib2964,yes +4014-location-4,4014,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 4014-speaker_number-1,4014,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"9 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 360 (2002 FUNAI). There may be confusion here; Moore (2006:40) lists under ""Pano family"" Shanenawa with [300] as its population, but no number of speakers given, but lists also under ""Pano family"" Arara / Shawanauá, saying of this: ""Arara, Shanenawá, Yamináwa, Yawanawá, Yawanawá dlalects of one language"" with 9? speakers and a populations of 300.",bib68,no 4014-speakers-1,4014,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speakers 2006, ethnic population 2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"9 (Moore 2006). Ethnic population: 360 (2002 FUNAI). There may be confusion here; Moore (2006:40) lists under ""Pano family"" Shanenawa with [300] as its population, but no number of speakers given, but lists also under ""Pano family"" Arara / Shawanauá, saying of this: ""Arara, Shanenawá, Yamináwa, Yawanawá, Yawanawá dlalects of one language"" with 9? speakers and a populations of 300.",bib68,no -4014-speaker_number-2,4014,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4014-speakers-2,4014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4014-speaker_number-2,4014,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4014-speakers-2,4014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4014-speaker_number-3,4014,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The 23 possibly are semi-speakers. -Pilar Valenzuela (personal communication) reports that Glaucia Candido (a linguist who worked with the Shanenawas) asked a Shanenawa friend the question, and he reports that today there are only 23 fluent speakers, from a population of 800 Shanenawas. Adults (including Candido's friend who is reporting this) speak the language but not with fluency and the children understdand but do not speak it.",bib2950,yes +Pilar Valenzuela (personal communication) reports that Glaucia Candido (a linguist who worked with the Shanenawas) asked a Shanenawa friend the question, and he reports that today there are only 23 fluent speakers, from a population of 800 Shanenawas. Adults (including Candido's friend who is reporting this) speak the language but not with fluency and the children understdand but do not speak it.",bib2964,yes 4014-speakers-3,4014,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The 23 possibly are semi-speakers. -Pilar Valenzuela (personal communication) reports that Glaucia Candido (a linguist who worked with the Shanenawas) asked a Shanenawa friend the question, and he reports that today there are only 23 fluent speakers, from a population of 800 Shanenawas. Adults (including Candido's friend who is reporting this) speak the language but not with fluency and the children understdand but do not speak it.",bib2950,yes -4014-speaker_number-4,4014,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Shanenawá (Katukina Shanenawá),bib1902,no -4014-speakers-4,4014,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""361"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Shanenawá (Katukina Shanenawá),bib1902,no +Pilar Valenzuela (personal communication) reports that Glaucia Candido (a linguist who worked with the Shanenawas) asked a Shanenawa friend the question, and he reports that today there are only 23 fluent speakers, from a population of 800 Shanenawas. Adults (including Candido's friend who is reporting this) speak the language but not with fluency and the children understdand but do not speak it.",bib2964,yes +4014-speaker_number-4,4014,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Shanenawá (Katukina Shanenawá),bib1914,no +4014-speakers-4,4014,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""361"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Shanenawá (Katukina Shanenawá),bib1914,no 4014-LEI-1,4014,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers over 50 years old. Shifting to Portuguese.,bib68,no 4014-transmission-1,4014,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers over 50 years old. Shifting to Portuguese.,bib68,no 4014-vitality-1,4014,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Speakers over 50 years old. Shifting to Portuguese.,bib68,no -4014-LEI-2,4014,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4014-vitality-2,4014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4014-LEI-3,4014,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2950,yes -4014-transmission-3,4014,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2950,yes -4014-speaker_number_trends-3,4014,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2950,yes -4014-vitality-3,4014,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2950,yes -4014-LEI-4,4014,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -4014-vitality-4,4014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -4015-location-1,4015,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4261, -5.6744]]}",,,bib5307,no +4014-LEI-2,4014,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4014-vitality-2,4014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4014-LEI-3,4014,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2964,yes +4014-transmission-3,4014,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2964,yes +4014-speaker_number_trends-3,4014,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2964,yes +4014-vitality-3,4014,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2964,yes +4014-LEI-4,4014,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +4014-vitality-4,4014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +4015-location-1,4015,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4261, -5.6744]]}",,,bib5330,no 4015-location-2,4015,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""]}",,,bib67,yes -4015-speaker_number-1,4015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4015-speakers-1,4015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4015-speaker_number-1,4015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4015-speakers-1,4015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4015-speaker_number-2,4015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4015-speakers-2,4015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,085"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4015-speaker_number-3,4015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4015-speakers-3,4015,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4015-LEI-1,4015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4015-vitality-1,4015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4015-LEI-1,4015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4015-vitality-1,4015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4015-LEI-2,4015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4015-vitality-2,4015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4015-LEI-3,4015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4015-vitality-3,4015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4018-location-1,4018,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.016386, 9.766867]]}",,,bib7945,no -4018-location-2,4018,location,"{""Places"": [""The foot of Bete Mountain, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7615,yes +4018-location-1,4018,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.016386, 9.766867]]}",,,bib7970,no +4018-location-2,4018,location,"{""Places"": [""The foot of Bete Mountain, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7640,yes 4018-location-3,4018,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 4018-speaker_number-1,4018,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4018-speakers-1,4018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4018-speaker_number-2,4018,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,yes -4018-speakers-2,4018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,yes +4018-speaker_number-2,4018,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,yes +4018-speakers-2,4018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,yes 4018-speaker_number-3,4018,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 4018-speakers-3,4018,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 4018-LEI-1,4018,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4018-vitality-1,4018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4018-LEI-2,4018,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4018-vitality-2,4018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4018-LEI-2,4018,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4018-vitality-2,4018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4018-LEI-3,4018,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4018-vitality-3,4018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4019-location-1,4019,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.22, 139.62]]}",,,bib75,no 4019-location-2,4019,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 4019-speaker_number-1,4019,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4019-speakers-1,4019,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4019-speaker_number-2,4019,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -4019-speakers-2,4019,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes +4019-speaker_number-2,4019,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +4019-speakers-2,4019,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes 4019-speaker_number-3,4019,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 4019-speakers-3,4019,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,no 4019-LEI-1,4019,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4019-vitality-1,4019,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4019-LEI-2,4019,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -4019-transmission-2,4019,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -4019-vitality-2,4019,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes +4019-LEI-2,4019,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +4019-transmission-2,4019,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +4019-vitality-2,4019,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is certainly being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes 4019-LEI-3,4019,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4019-vitality-3,4019,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4020-location-1,4020,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.30623867, 147.1137388]]}",,,bib1182,no +4020-location-1,4020,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.30623867, 147.1137388]]}",,,bib1191,no 4020-location-2,4020,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4020-speaker_number-1,4020,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4020-speakers-1,4020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4020-speaker_number-2,4020,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -4020-speakers-2,4020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +4020-speaker_number-2,4020,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +4020-speakers-2,4020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 4020-speaker_number-3,4020,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4020-speakers-3,4020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 4020-speaker_number-4,4020,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4020-speakers-4,4020,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4020-LEI-2,4020,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4020-vitality-2,4020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4020-LEI-3,4020,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4020-vitality-3,4020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4020-LEI-3,4020,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4020-vitality-3,4020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4020-LEI-4,4020,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4020-vitality-4,4020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4020-LEI-5,4020,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -42008,7 +42194,7 @@ Pilar Valenzuela (personal communication) reports that Glaucia Candido (a lingui 4021-location-3,4021,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"In Brazil: Amazonas state: Terra Indigena Pari Cachoeira, Bittencourt and Iauareté municipalities; Terra Indigena Pari Cachoeira II, Iauareté municipality; Terra Indigena Pari Cachoeira III, Bittencourt municipality, all on upper Tiquié river. In Colombia: Vaupés department: Mitú, upper Papurí, mid and upper Pira-Paraná tributaries, and Tiquié.",bib70,no 4021-location-4,4021,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"Southeastern Vaupes Department, tributaries of mid and upper Pira-Paraná, upper Papurí and Tiquié, Mitú.",bib68,no -4021-location-5,4021,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +4021-location-5,4021,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 4021-speaker_number-1,4021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 600 speakers in Colombia (SIL 1995). The number of speakers is increasing. There are almost no monolinguals.,bib67,no 4021-speakers-1,4021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 600 speakers in Colombia (SIL 1995). The number of speakers is increasing. There are almost no monolinguals.,bib67,no 4021-speaker_number-2,4021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"500 in Colombia. @@ -42019,8 +42205,8 @@ In Colombia: Vaupés department: Mitú, upper Papurí, mid and upper Pira-Paran 4021-speakers-3,4021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""539"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 in Colombia (2004 DNP). Population total all countries: 539. Some monolinguals over 40.,bib68,no 4021-speaker_number-4,4021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4021-speakers-4,4021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4021-speaker_number-5,4021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"21 speakers in Brazil, 109 in Colombia. (Same numbers for ethnic population.)",bib1902,yes -4021-speakers-5,4021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"21 speakers in Brazil, 109 in Colombia. (Same numbers for ethnic population.)",bib1902,yes +4021-speaker_number-5,4021,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"21 speakers in Brazil, 109 in Colombia. (Same numbers for ethnic population.)",bib1914,yes +4021-speakers-5,4021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"21 speakers in Brazil, 109 in Colombia. (Same numbers for ethnic population.)",bib1914,yes 4021-LEI-1,4021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4021-vitality-1,4021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4021-LEI-2,4021,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no @@ -42033,59 +42219,59 @@ In Colombia: Vaupés department: Mitú, upper Papurí, mid and upper Pira-Paran 4021-vitality-3,4021,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Passed on from fathers to children. Most domains, home, family, religion, local commerce, community. All ages. Positive attitudes. 40% also use Spanish.",bib68,no 4021-LEI-4,4021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4021-vitality-4,4021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4021-LEI-5,4021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -4021-vitality-5,4021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -4023-context-1,4023,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lahu""}",,Maintenance efforts underway; contact has recently been reestablished between the Bisu in these three areas.,bib1205,yes -4023-location-1,4023,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.715, 99.6789]]}",,,bib5307,no -4023-location-2,4023,location,"{""Places"": [""China, Burma, Thailand""], ""Description"": ""China: spoken in Laopingzhai, which is in Manghong Village Cluster, Mengszhe Township, Menghai County. Burma: 2 or three villages. Thailand: spoken in Doi Chomphu and Pui Kham.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4021-LEI-5,4021,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +4021-vitality-5,4021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +4023-context-1,4023,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lahu""}",,Maintenance efforts underway; contact has recently been reestablished between the Bisu in these three areas.,bib1214,yes +4023-location-1,4023,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.715, 99.6789]]}",,,bib5330,no +4023-location-2,4023,location,"{""Places"": [""China, Burma, Thailand""], ""Description"": ""China: spoken in Laopingzhai, which is in Manghong Village Cluster, Mengszhe Township, Menghai County. Burma: 2 or three villages. Thailand: spoken in Doi Chomphu and Pui Kham.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4023-location-3,4023,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.75, 100.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4023-location-4,4023,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -4023-speaker_number-1,4023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4023-speakers-1,4023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4023-speaker_number-1,4023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4023-speakers-1,4023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4023-speaker_number-2,4023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In China, spoken in one village of 240 people. In Burma, spoken by 2,000 in two or three villages. In Thailand, spoken by some members in two villages with a population of 500. -Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as the Hpyin ethnic group in Burma. Usually included in the Lawa or Lua hill tribe category in Thailand.",bib1205,yes +Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as the Hpyin ethnic group in Burma. Usually included in the Lawa or Lua hill tribe category in Thailand.",bib1214,yes 4023-speakers-2,4023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,740"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In China, spoken in one village of 240 people. In Burma, spoken by 2,000 in two or three villages. In Thailand, spoken by some members in two villages with a population of 500. -Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as the Hpyin ethnic group in Burma. Usually included in the Lawa or Lua hill tribe category in Thailand.",bib1205,yes +Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as the Hpyin ethnic group in Burma. Usually included in the Lawa or Lua hill tribe category in Thailand.",bib1214,yes 4023-speaker_number-3,4023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 240 speakers in China (Xu 2005). There are no monolinguals.,bib67,no 4023-speakers-3,4023,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 240 speakers in China (Xu 2005). There are no monolinguals.,bib67,no -4023-LEI-1,4023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4023-vitality-1,4023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4023-LEI-2,4023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Thailand: in Phadaeng village, the language is moribund, and in Takaw, recently extinct.",bib1205,yes -4023-vitality-2,4023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Thailand: in Phadaeng village, the language is moribund, and in Takaw, recently extinct.",bib1205,yes +4023-LEI-1,4023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4023-vitality-1,4023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4023-LEI-2,4023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Thailand: in Phadaeng village, the language is moribund, and in Takaw, recently extinct.",bib1214,yes +4023-vitality-2,4023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Thailand: in Phadaeng village, the language is moribund, and in Takaw, recently extinct.",bib1214,yes 4023-LEI-3,4023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4023-vitality-3,4023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4024-location-1,4024,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0769, -70.3894]]}",,,bib5307,no +4024-location-1,4024,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0769, -70.3894]]}",,,bib5330,no 4024-location-2,4024,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.166666666667, -70.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4024-location-3,4024,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +4024-location-3,4024,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 4024-location-4,4024,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Southern Vaupés Department, Pira-Paraná River (and tributaries), Sõnanã, San Miguel, Piedra Ñi, Cachivera Pina, Pacoa, Mitú; Amazonas Department, south bank, Apaporis River.",bib67,no -4024-speaker_number-1,4024,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4024-speakers-1,4024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""434"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4024-speaker_number-2,4024,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 34 speakers in Brazil and 1890 speakers in Colombia.,bib1902,yes -4024-speakers-2,4024,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1924"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 34 speakers in Brazil and 1890 speakers in Colombia.,bib1902,yes +4024-speaker_number-1,4024,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4024-speakers-1,4024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""434"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4024-speaker_number-2,4024,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 34 speakers in Brazil and 1890 speakers in Colombia.,bib1914,yes +4024-speakers-2,4024,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1924"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 34 speakers in Brazil and 1890 speakers in Colombia.,bib1914,yes 4024-speaker_number-3,4024,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4024-speakers-3,4024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4024-speaker_number-4,4024,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,890 (2016 unchanged) (the count includes Barasano and Eduria (Taiwano) together.",bib67,no 4024-speakers-4,4024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,890"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,890 (2016 unchanged) (the count includes Barasano and Eduria (Taiwano) together.",bib67,no -4024-LEI-1,4024,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4024-vitality-1,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4024-LEI-2,4024,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -4024-vitality-2,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +4024-LEI-1,4024,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4024-vitality-1,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4024-LEI-2,4024,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +4024-vitality-2,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 4024-LEI-3,4024,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4024-vitality-3,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4024-LEI-4,4024,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4024-vitality-4,4024,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4025-context-1,4025,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School (Spanish)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; English; Western Kwa languages, especially Twi-Fante; Miskito; Rama; Arawakan""}",,"""Creole English is used to an increasing degree in the churches (Decker & Keener 1998) and in bilingual education programs...virtually all reading is done in Spanish"" (Bartens 2013:116).",bib733,yes -4025-location-1,4025,location,"{""Places"": [""Autonomous Regions of the Atlantic Coast, Nicaragua"", ""Nicaragua"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Speakers themselves identify at least the variants of Bluefields, the Corn Islands, Pearl Lagoon, Rama Cay, Orinoco, and Bilwi. There are also Creole speakers in Bonanza, La Rosita, Siuna, and some other smaller settlements as well as in Managua and on the Pacific coast of the country in general."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.010778, -83.771836]]}",,Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast; diaspora communities in Nicaragua (Managua) and the United States.,bib733,yes -4025-speaker_number-1,4025,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nicaraguan Creole English is spoken as a first language by 35,000 to 50,000 ethnic Creoles, the Rama, Nicaraguan Garifuna, and some Miskito, and as an L2 by other Miskitos and some Mestizos.",bib733,yes -4025-speakers-1,4025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000-50,0000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nicaraguan Creole English is spoken as a first language by 35,000 to 50,000 ethnic Creoles, the Rama, Nicaraguan Garifuna, and some Miskito, and as an L2 by other Miskitos and some Mestizos.",bib733,yes +4025-context-1,4025,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School (Spanish)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; English; Western Kwa languages, especially Twi-Fante; Miskito; Rama; Arawakan""}",,"""Creole English is used to an increasing degree in the churches (Decker & Keener 1998) and in bilingual education programs...virtually all reading is done in Spanish"" (Bartens 2013:116).",bib737,yes +4025-location-1,4025,location,"{""Places"": [""Autonomous Regions of the Atlantic Coast, Nicaragua"", ""Nicaragua"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Speakers themselves identify at least the variants of Bluefields, the Corn Islands, Pearl Lagoon, Rama Cay, Orinoco, and Bilwi. There are also Creole speakers in Bonanza, La Rosita, Siuna, and some other smaller settlements as well as in Managua and on the Pacific coast of the country in general."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.010778, -83.771836]]}",,Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast; diaspora communities in Nicaragua (Managua) and the United States.,bib737,yes +4025-speaker_number-1,4025,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nicaraguan Creole English is spoken as a first language by 35,000 to 50,000 ethnic Creoles, the Rama, Nicaraguan Garifuna, and some Miskito, and as an L2 by other Miskitos and some Mestizos.",bib737,yes +4025-speakers-1,4025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000-50,0000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Nicaraguan Creole English is spoken as a first language by 35,000 to 50,000 ethnic Creoles, the Rama, Nicaraguan Garifuna, and some Miskito, and as an L2 by other Miskitos and some Mestizos.",bib737,yes 4025-speaker_number-2,4025,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4025-speakers-2,4025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4025-speaker_number-3,4025,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""625 Rama Cay Creole speakers (Holm 1989)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Carrier Pidgin (1986).",bib67,no 4025-speakers-3,4025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""625 Rama Cay Creole speakers (Holm 1989)."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Carrier Pidgin (1986).",bib67,no -4025-LEI-1,4025,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib733,yes -4025-vitality-1,4025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib733,yes +4025-LEI-1,4025,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib737,yes +4025-vitality-1,4025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib737,yes 4025-LEI-2,4025,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4025-vitality-2,4025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4025-LEI-3,4025,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -42108,15 +42294,15 @@ Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as 4027-LEI-2,4027,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4027-vitality-2,4027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4029-location-1,4029,location,"{""Places"": [""Pari-Cachoeira, Taracua, Amazonas""]}",,,bib68,no -4029-location-2,4029,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +4029-location-2,4029,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 4029-speakers-1,4029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,,bib68,no -4029-speakers-2,4029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,Ethnologue lists this language as extinct.,bib1902,yes +4029-speakers-2,4029,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,Ethnologue lists this language as extinct.,bib1914,yes 4029-LEI-1,4029,LEI,Dormant,,Speakers have shfted to Tucano (tuo).,bib68,no 4029-vitality-1,4029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Speakers have shfted to Tucano (tuo).,bib68,no -4029-LEI-2,4029,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1902,yes -4029-vitality-2,4029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes -4045-location-1,4045,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Vietnam""]}",,,bib718,no -4045-location-2,4045,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5525, 107.3011]]}",,,bib5307,no +4029-LEI-2,4029,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1914,yes +4029-vitality-2,4029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes +4045-location-1,4045,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Vietnam""]}",,,bib722,no +4045-location-2,4045,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5525, 107.3011]]}",,,bib5330,no 4045-location-3,4045,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4045-speaker_number-1,4045,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4045-speakers-1,4045,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""52,451"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -42126,156 +42312,156 @@ Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as 4045-vitality-1,4045,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4045-LEI-2,4045,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4045-vitality-2,4045,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4047-location-1,4047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5943, 102.7455]]}",,,bib5307,no -4047-location-2,4047,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Lai Chau Province, Miuiong Te District.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4047-location-1,4047,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5943, 102.7455]]}",,,bib5330,no +4047-location-2,4047,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Lai Chau Province, Miuiong Te District.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4047-location-3,4047,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4047-speaker_number-1,4047,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4047-speakers-1,4047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,676"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4047-speaker_number-2,4047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,300 group population in Vietnam. Language closely related to most varieties of Sinsali/Phunoi of Laos.",bib1205,yes -4047-speakers-2,4047,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,300 group population in Vietnam. Language closely related to most varieties of Sinsali/Phunoi of Laos.",bib1205,yes +4047-speaker_number-1,4047,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4047-speakers-1,4047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,676"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4047-speaker_number-2,4047,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,300 group population in Vietnam. Language closely related to most varieties of Sinsali/Phunoi of Laos.",bib1214,yes +4047-speakers-2,4047,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,300 group population in Vietnam. Language closely related to most varieties of Sinsali/Phunoi of Laos.",bib1214,yes 4047-speaker_number-3,4047,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4047-speakers-3,4047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4047-speaker_number-4,4047,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Edmondson (2002).,bib67,no 4047-speakers-4,4047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Edmondson (2002).,bib67,no -4047-LEI-1,4047,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4047-vitality-1,4047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4047-LEI-2,4047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -4047-speaker_number_trends-2,4047,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -4047-vitality-2,4047,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +4047-LEI-1,4047,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4047-vitality-1,4047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4047-LEI-2,4047,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +4047-speaker_number_trends-2,4047,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +4047-vitality-2,4047,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 4047-LEI-3,4047,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4047-vitality-3,4047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4047-LEI-4,4047,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4047-vitality-4,4047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4050-location-1,4050,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.3333333333, -5.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4050-location-2,4050,location,"{""Places"": [""United Kingdom""]}",,,bib67,no -4050-speakers-1,4050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A few hundred learners/speakers of revived version""}",,"Unusually for a minority language, despite some use in a small number of families (Renkó-Michelsén in prep.), almost all Cornish speakers are adult learners. Some have passed it to their children – a few of whom maintain it as adults – but there are no unbroken ancestral links to the spoken vernacular. These speakers are the result of a centuries-long effort to rebuild an almost lost language, and with it a new language community.",bib6230,yes +4050-speakers-1,4050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""A few hundred learners/speakers of revived version""}",,"Unusually for a minority language, despite some use in a small number of families (Renkó-Michelsén in prep.), almost all Cornish speakers are adult learners. Some have passed it to their children – a few of whom maintain it as adults – but there are no unbroken ancestral links to the spoken vernacular. These speakers are the result of a centuries-long effort to rebuild an almost lost language, and with it a new language community.",bib6254,yes 4050-speaker_number-2,4050,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4050-speakers-2,4050,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4050-speakers-3,4050,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""468,425"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"""500 use Cornish; about 100 others who speak fluently (2003)."" Data for the ethnic population is from the 1991 census.",bib67,no -4050-LEI-1,4050,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6230,yes -4050-vitality-1,4050,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6230,yes +4050-LEI-1,4050,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6254,yes +4050-vitality-1,4050,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6254,yes 4050-LEI-2,4050,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4050-vitality-2,4050,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4050-LEI-3,4050,LEI,Awakening (),,Some under 20 years are L1 speakers.,bib67,no 4050-vitality-3,4050,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Some under 20 years are L1 speakers.,bib67,no -4052-location-1,4052,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.221183, 167.920586]]}",,,bib395,no -4052-location-2,4052,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym island""}",,,bib2728,no +4052-location-1,4052,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.221183, 167.920586]]}",,,bib396,no +4052-location-2,4052,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Ambrym island""}",,,bib2742,no 4052-location-3,4052,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.2166666667, 168.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4052-location-4,4052,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes 4052-speaker_number-1,4052,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4052-speakers-1,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4052-speaker_number-2,4052,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -4052-speakers-2,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -4052-speaker_number-3,4052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2728,no -4052-speakers-3,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2728,no +4052-speaker_number-2,4052,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +4052-speakers-2,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +4052-speaker_number-3,4052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2742,no +4052-speakers-3,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2742,no 4052-speaker_number-4,4052,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""Moribund"" (Lynch and Crowley 2001).",bib67,yes 4052-speakers-4,4052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""Moribund"" (Lynch and Crowley 2001).",bib67,yes 4052-LEI-1,4052,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4052-vitality-1,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4052-LEI-2,4052,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4052-vitality-2,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4052-LEI-3,4052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -4052-vitality-3,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +4052-LEI-2,4052,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4052-vitality-2,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4052-LEI-3,4052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +4052-vitality-3,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 4052-LEI-4,4052,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4052-vitality-4,4052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4053-location-1,4053,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.9504, 93.576]]}",,,bib5307,no +4053-location-1,4053,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.9504, 93.576]]}",,,bib5330,no 4053-location-2,4053,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes -4053-speaker_number-1,4053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4053-speakers-1,4053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4053-speaker_number-1,4053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4053-speakers-1,4053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4053-speaker_number-2,4053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4053-speakers-2,4053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4053-speaker_number-3,4053,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4053-speakers-3,4053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,020"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4053-LEI-1,4053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4053-vitality-1,4053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4053-LEI-1,4053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4053-vitality-1,4053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4053-LEI-2,4053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4053-vitality-2,4053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4053-LEI-3,4053,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4053-vitality-3,4053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4056-context-1,4056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +4056-context-1,4056,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 4056-location-1,4056,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.0, -120.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4056-location-2,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib70,yes -4056-location-3,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.962, -120.2384]]}",,,bib5307,no -4056-location-4,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5217,no -4056-location-5,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.962, -120.2384]]}",,,bib1709,no +4056-location-3,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.962, -120.2384]]}",,,bib5330,no +4056-location-4,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5240,no +4056-location-5,4056,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.962, -120.2384]]}",,,bib1721,no 4056-speaker_number-1,4056,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,No known speakers of Northern Sierra Miwok. 7 speakers of Southern Sierra Miwok. 12 speakers of Central Sierra Miwok.,bib70,yes 4056-speakers-1,4056,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994, 2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,No known speakers of Northern Sierra Miwok. 7 speakers of Southern Sierra Miwok. 12 speakers of Central Sierra Miwok.,bib70,yes -4056-speaker_number-2,4056,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4056-speakers-2,4056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -4056-speaker_number-3,4056,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -4056-speakers-3,4056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few semi-speakers or passive speakers""}",,,bib5217,no +4056-speaker_number-2,4056,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4056-speakers-2,4056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +4056-speaker_number-3,4056,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +4056-speakers-3,4056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few semi-speakers or passive speakers""}",,,bib5240,no 4056-speaker_number-4,4056,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4056-speakers-4,4056,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4056-LEI-1,4056,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 4056-vitality-1,4056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -4056-LEI-2,4056,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4056-vitality-2,4056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4056-LEI-3,4056,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -4056-transmission-3,4056,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -4056-domains_of_use-3,4056,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5217,no -4056-speaker_number_trends-3,4056,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -4056-vitality-3,4056,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,no +4056-LEI-2,4056,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4056-vitality-2,4056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4056-LEI-3,4056,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +4056-transmission-3,4056,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +4056-domains_of_use-3,4056,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5240,no +4056-speaker_number_trends-3,4056,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +4056-vitality-3,4056,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,no 4056-LEI-4,4056,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4056-vitality-4,4056,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4057-location-1,4057,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,Oregon: south coast.,bib70,no 4057-location-2,4057,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.5, -124.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4057-location-3,4057,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Southern coast of Oregon.""}",,,bib5217,yes +4057-location-3,4057,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Southern coast of Oregon.""}",,,bib5240,yes 4057-location-4,4057,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""South Oregon coast""}",,,bib67,no 4057-speaker_number-1,4057,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4057-speakers-1,4057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4057-speakers-2,4057,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 150 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -4057-speakers-3,4057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. The last speaker of Hanis passed away in 1972.,bib5217,yes +4057-speakers-3,4057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. The last speaker of Hanis passed away in 1972.,bib5240,yes 4057-speaker_number-4,4057,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,1 (1962 W. Chafe). Ethnic population: 250 (1977 SIL).,bib67,no 4057-speakers-4,4057,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1962 speaker, 1977 population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,1 (1962 W. Chafe). Ethnic population: 250 (1977 SIL).,bib67,no 4057-LEI-1,4057,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4057-vitality-1,4057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4057-LEI-2,4057,LEI,Dormant (),,Last speaker died in 1972 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 4057-vitality-2,4057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Last speaker died in 1972 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -4057-LEI-3,4057,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -4057-vitality-3,4057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes +4057-LEI-3,4057,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +4057-vitality-3,4057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes 4057-LEI-4,4057,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4057-vitality-4,4057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4058-location-1,4058,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3049, -97.5466]]}",,,bib5307,no -4058-location-2,4058,location,"{""Places"": [""Tataltepec de Vald\u00e9s""], ""Description"": ""Mexico""}",,,bib1455,no +4058-location-1,4058,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3049, -97.5466]]}",,,bib5330,no +4058-location-2,4058,location,"{""Places"": [""Tataltepec de Vald\u00e9s""], ""Description"": ""Mexico""}",,,bib1467,no 4058-location-3,4058,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.25, -97.25]]}",,,bib216,no 4058-location-4,4058,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -4058-speaker_number-1,4058,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4058-speakers-1,4058,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4058-speaker_number-1,4058,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4058-speakers-1,4058,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4058-speaker_number-2,4058,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4058-speakers-2,4058,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4058-speaker_number-3,4058,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue has 6 Chationo ""languages""; [ctp] is for its ""Western Highland Chatino.""",bib67,yes 4058-speakers-3,4058,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnologue has 6 Chationo ""languages""; [ctp] is for its ""Western Highland Chatino.""",bib67,yes -4058-LEI-1,4058,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4058-vitality-1,4058,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4058-LEI-1,4058,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4058-vitality-1,4058,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4058-LEI-2,4058,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4058-vitality-2,4058,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4058-LEI-3,4058,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4058-vitality-3,4058,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4059-context-1,4059,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Bantawa is used when speaking to the neighboring Bantawa people. Nepali is the lingua franca and the medium for education. Younger people in general speak Nepali natively and parents are not willing to pass down Chhulung to their children with the concern that speaking Chhulung may influence children's ability to master Nepali.,bib4664,yes -4059-location-1,4059,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9483, 87.2527]]}",,,bib5307,no -4059-location-2,4059,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Akhisalla Village Development Committee of Dhankuta""}",,,bib4664,yes +4059-context-1,4059,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bantawa; Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Bantawa is used when speaking to the neighboring Bantawa people. Nepali is the lingua franca and the medium for education. Younger people in general speak Nepali natively and parents are not willing to pass down Chhulung to their children with the concern that speaking Chhulung may influence children's ability to master Nepali.,bib4686,yes +4059-location-1,4059,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9483, 87.2527]]}",,,bib5330,no +4059-location-2,4059,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Akhisalla Village Development Committee of Dhankuta""}",,,bib4686,yes 4059-location-3,4059,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4059-speaker_number-1,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4059-speakers-1,4059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4059-speaker_number-2,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4664,yes -4059-speakers-2,4059,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4850 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4664,yes +4059-speaker_number-1,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4059-speakers-1,4059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4059-speaker_number-2,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4686,yes +4059-speakers-2,4059,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4850 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4686,yes 4059-speaker_number-3,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4059-speakers-3,4059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,314"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4059-speaker_number-4,4059,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 4059-speakers-4,4059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -4059-LEI-1,4059,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4059-vitality-1,4059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4059-LEI-2,4059,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4664,yes -4059-transmission-2,4059,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4664,yes -4059-domains_of_use-2,4059,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4664,yes -4059-speaker_number_trends-2,4059,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4664,yes -4059-vitality-2,4059,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4664,yes +4059-LEI-1,4059,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4059-vitality-1,4059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4059-LEI-2,4059,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4686,yes +4059-transmission-2,4059,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4686,yes +4059-domains_of_use-2,4059,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4686,yes +4059-speaker_number_trends-2,4059,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4686,yes +4059-vitality-2,4059,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren are not acquiring the Chhulung language natively because parents' attitudes towards mother tongue is not positive. They think that if their children speak the Chhulung language (mother tongue), they will be weak in Nepali and English. So their parents are urging to learn Nepali language more correctly and create a situation of forgetting the mother tongue."" (p. 34)",bib4686,yes 4059-LEI-3,4059,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4059-vitality-3,4059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4059-LEI-4,4059,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4059-vitality-4,4059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4060-location-1,4060,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepali""], ""Description"": ""Kosi Zone, Bhojpur district, Kulung VDC, Jimigau""}",,,bib68,yes -4060-location-2,4060,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.36, 86.98]]}",,,bib3264,no +4060-location-2,4060,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.36, 86.98]]}",,,bib3280,no 4060-speaker_number-1,4060,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib68,yes 4060-speakers-1,4060,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib68,yes 4060-speaker_number-2,4060,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -42285,95 +42471,95 @@ Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as 4060-vitality-1,4060,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib68,yes 4060-LEI-2,4060,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4060-vitality-2,4060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4061-location-1,4061,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.7747, -96.3034]]}",,,bib5307,no -4061-location-2,4061,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central Bajo is spoken in San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.772269, -96.310469]]}",,,bib8212,no +4061-location-1,4061,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.7747, -96.3034]]}",,,bib5330,no +4061-location-2,4061,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central Bajo is spoken in San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.772269, -96.310469]]}",,,bib8237,no 4061-location-3,4061,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""North Oaxaca, San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional; mainly San Mateo Yetla""}",,,bib67,yes -4061-speaker_number-1,4061,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4061-speakers-1,4061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""442"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4061-speaker_number-1,4061,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4061-speakers-1,4061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""442"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4061-speaker_number-2,4061,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4061-speakers-2,4061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4061-speaker_number-3,4061,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes 4061-speakers-3,4061,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes -4061-LEI-1,4061,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4061-vitality-1,4061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4061-LEI-1,4061,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4061-vitality-1,4061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4061-LEI-2,4061,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4061-vitality-2,4061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4061-LEI-3,4061,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4061-vitality-3,4061,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4062-location-1,4062,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4204, -16.7596]]}",,,bib5307,no +4062-location-1,4062,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4204, -16.7596]]}",,,bib5330,no 4062-location-2,4062,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,yes -4062-speaker_number-1,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4062-speakers-1,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,625"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4062-speaker_number-2,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,no -4062-speakers-2,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,no +4062-speaker_number-1,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4062-speakers-1,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,625"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4062-speaker_number-2,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no +4062-speakers-2,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no 4062-speaker_number-3,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4062-speakers-3,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,625"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4062-speaker_number-4,4062,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4062-speakers-4,4062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4062-LEI-1,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4062-vitality-1,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4062-LEI-2,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1685,no -4062-vitality-2,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1685,no +4062-LEI-1,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4062-vitality-1,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4062-LEI-2,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1697,no +4062-vitality-2,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1697,no 4062-LEI-3,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4062-vitality-3,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4062-LEI-4,4062,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4062-vitality-4,4062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4064-context-1,4064,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Counting"", ""Praying"", ""Working""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Informants repeatedly told us that, while in the olden days there were Dahalo who did not master Swahili, today everybody can at least understand it. As a matter of fact, all the Dahalo we met were bilingual, while nobody had a good command of any other language. In particular, English - Kenya's official language - was totally unknown [...] None of [the Dahalo] had learnt to read, and even the hypothesis of written material in Dahalo seems to have been largely misunderstood: 'They seemed personally disinterested though not opposed to the development of mother tongue materials.' (Rilling 1986: 15)",bib7374,yes -4064-context-2,4064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; Aweera; Pokomo""}",,,bib6944,no -4064-context-3,4064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,"Dahalo people are bilingual in Swahili, which is becoming their primary language.",bib7615,no -4064-location-1,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Coast Province, Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Lamu District of the Coast Province, Kenya."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.167909, 40.716019]]}",,,bib7374,yes +4064-context-1,4064,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Counting"", ""Praying"", ""Working""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Indifferent"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"Informants repeatedly told us that, while in the olden days there were Dahalo who did not master Swahili, today everybody can at least understand it. As a matter of fact, all the Dahalo we met were bilingual, while nobody had a good command of any other language. In particular, English - Kenya's official language - was totally unknown [...] None of [the Dahalo] had learnt to read, and even the hypothesis of written material in Dahalo seems to have been largely misunderstood: 'They seemed personally disinterested though not opposed to the development of mother tongue materials.' (Rilling 1986: 15)",bib7398,yes +4064-context-2,4064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; Aweera; Pokomo""}",,,bib6968,no +4064-context-3,4064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,"Dahalo people are bilingual in Swahili, which is becoming their primary language.",bib7640,no +4064-location-1,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Coast Province, Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Lamu District of the Coast Province, Kenya."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.167909, 40.716019]]}",,,bib7398,yes 4064-location-2,4064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.33333333333, 40.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4064-location-3,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""]}",,,bib67,no -4064-location-4,4064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2625, 40.7537]]}",,,bib5307,no -4064-location-5,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""\""Lamu District of Coast Province.\"" An area above the Tana River, bordered by Mokowe, Witu, and Kipini.""}",,,bib6944,no -4064-location-6,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Near the mouth of the Tana River along the Kenyan coast""}",,,bib7615,no -4064-speaker_number-1,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dahalo is a language spoken in the Lamu district of Coast Province, Kenya, by a few hundred people of all ages [...] Concerning the actual number of Dahalo speakers, it is calculated in ""a few hundreds"" by Ehret (1980: 12), about 500 (followed by a question mark) by Sasse (1981: 199), while Zaborski ""could estimate about 280 of them, though the upper limit may be about 400"" (1987: 223-234). The same estimate of ""less than 400"" is made by Art Rilling of the Kenya Working Group of the Summer Institute of Linguistics... (Rilling 1986: 5). We think that the figure of 400 cannot greatly exceed the truth.",bib7374,yes -4064-speakers-1,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dahalo is a language spoken in the Lamu district of Coast Province, Kenya, by a few hundred people of all ages [...] Concerning the actual number of Dahalo speakers, it is calculated in ""a few hundreds"" by Ehret (1980: 12), about 500 (followed by a question mark) by Sasse (1981: 199), while Zaborski ""could estimate about 280 of them, though the upper limit may be about 400"" (1987: 223-234). The same estimate of ""less than 400"" is made by Art Rilling of the Kenya Working Group of the Summer Institute of Linguistics... (Rilling 1986: 5). We think that the figure of 400 cannot greatly exceed the truth.",bib7374,yes +4064-location-4,4064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2625, 40.7537]]}",,,bib5330,no +4064-location-5,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""\""Lamu District of Coast Province.\"" An area above the Tana River, bordered by Mokowe, Witu, and Kipini.""}",,,bib6968,no +4064-location-6,4064,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Near the mouth of the Tana River along the Kenyan coast""}",,,bib7640,no +4064-speaker_number-1,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dahalo is a language spoken in the Lamu district of Coast Province, Kenya, by a few hundred people of all ages [...] Concerning the actual number of Dahalo speakers, it is calculated in ""a few hundreds"" by Ehret (1980: 12), about 500 (followed by a question mark) by Sasse (1981: 199), while Zaborski ""could estimate about 280 of them, though the upper limit may be about 400"" (1987: 223-234). The same estimate of ""less than 400"" is made by Art Rilling of the Kenya Working Group of the Summer Institute of Linguistics... (Rilling 1986: 5). We think that the figure of 400 cannot greatly exceed the truth.",bib7398,yes +4064-speakers-1,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dahalo is a language spoken in the Lamu district of Coast Province, Kenya, by a few hundred people of all ages [...] Concerning the actual number of Dahalo speakers, it is calculated in ""a few hundreds"" by Ehret (1980: 12), about 500 (followed by a question mark) by Sasse (1981: 199), while Zaborski ""could estimate about 280 of them, though the upper limit may be about 400"" (1987: 223-234). The same estimate of ""less than 400"" is made by Art Rilling of the Kenya Working Group of the Summer Institute of Linguistics... (Rilling 1986: 5). We think that the figure of 400 cannot greatly exceed the truth.",bib7398,yes 4064-speaker_number-2,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4064-speakers-2,4064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4064-speaker_number-3,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4064-speakers-3,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4064-speaker_number-3,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4064-speakers-3,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4064-speaker_number-4,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4064-speakers-4,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4064-speaker_number-5,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4064-speakers-5,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4064-speakers-6,4064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000""}",,,bib7615,no -4064-LEI-1,4064,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7374,yes -4064-transmission-1,4064,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7374,yes -4064-domains_of_use-1,4064,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7374,yes -4064-speaker_number_trends-1,4064,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7374,yes -4064-vitality-1,4064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7374,yes +4064-speaker_number-5,4064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4064-speakers-5,4064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4064-speakers-6,4064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000""}",,,bib7640,no +4064-LEI-1,4064,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7398,yes +4064-transmission-1,4064,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7398,yes +4064-domains_of_use-1,4064,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7398,yes +4064-speaker_number_trends-1,4064,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7398,yes +4064-vitality-1,4064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7398,yes 4064-LEI-2,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4064-vitality-2,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4064-LEI-3,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4064-vitality-3,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4064-LEI-3,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4064-vitality-3,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4064-LEI-4,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4064-vitality-4,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4064-LEI-5,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4064-vitality-5,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4065-context-1,4065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7937,no +4064-LEI-5,4064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4064-vitality-5,4064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4065-context-1,4065,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib7962,no 4065-location-1,4065,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4065-location-2,4065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0255, 136.213856]]}",,,bib7945,no -4065-speaker_number-1,4065,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4065-speakers-1,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4065-location-2,4065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0255, 136.213856]]}",,,bib7970,no +4065-speaker_number-1,4065,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4065-speakers-1,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4065-speaker_number-2,4065,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4065-speakers-2,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4065-speaker_number-3,4065,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 4065-speakers-3,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 4065-speaker_number-4,4065,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4065-speakers-4,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4065-speaker_number-5,4065,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -4065-speakers-5,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -4065-LEI-1,4065,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4065-vitality-1,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4065-speaker_number-5,4065,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +4065-speakers-5,4065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +4065-LEI-1,4065,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4065-vitality-1,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4065-LEI-2,4065,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4065-vitality-2,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4065-LEI-3,4065,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 4065-vitality-3,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 4065-LEI-4,4065,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4065-vitality-4,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4065-LEI-5,4065,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4065-vitality-5,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +4065-LEI-5,4065,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4065-vitality-5,4065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 4066-location-1,4066,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.29, 136.42]]}",,,bib75,no 4066-location-2,4066,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4066-speaker_number-1,4066,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -42394,250 +42580,250 @@ Ethnic group is unclassified in China, but called Laopin locally. Classified as 4067-vitality-1,4067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4067-LEI-2,4067,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4067-vitality-2,4067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4069-context-1,4069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Australian English, neighboring traditional languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Code-switching and code-mixing is the norm, while English is used in formal education, government institutions, and interactions with non-Aboriginal people.""}",,,bib3974,yes -4069-context-2,4069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,,bib5309,no +4069-context-1,4069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Australian English, neighboring traditional languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Code-switching and code-mixing is the norm, while English is used in formal education, government institutions, and interactions with non-Aboriginal people.""}",,,bib3994,yes +4069-context-2,4069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,,bib5332,no 4069-location-1,4069,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4069-location-2,4069,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.14885981, 127.88086]]}",,,bib1182,no -4069-location-3,4069,location,"{""Places"": [""Jaru is traditionally spoken in the East Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. The Wawarl dialect was spoken around the Old Town of Halls Creek and on the pastoral stations of Lamboo and Ruby Plains"", ""the dialect of Nyininy was spoken around Gordon Downs, Sturt Creek, Flora Valley, Nicholson, and Turner River Stations. Today most Jaru people ive in Halls Creek, Yaruman, Kururrungku (Billiluna), Wirrimanu (Balgo), Malarn (Mulan), Lajamanu, and Kunnurra.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.5244, 127.5825]]}",,,bib3974,yes -4069-location-4,4069,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, Halls Creek, southwestern Kimberley region.""]}",,,bib5309,no -4069-speaker_number-1,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4069-speakers-1,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4069-location-2,4069,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.14885981, 127.88086]]}",,,bib1191,no +4069-location-3,4069,location,"{""Places"": [""Jaru is traditionally spoken in the East Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. The Wawarl dialect was spoken around the Old Town of Halls Creek and on the pastoral stations of Lamboo and Ruby Plains"", ""the dialect of Nyininy was spoken around Gordon Downs, Sturt Creek, Flora Valley, Nicholson, and Turner River Stations. Today most Jaru people ive in Halls Creek, Yaruman, Kururrungku (Billiluna), Wirrimanu (Balgo), Malarn (Mulan), Lajamanu, and Kunnurra.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.5244, 127.5825]]}",,,bib3994,yes +4069-location-4,4069,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, Halls Creek, southwestern Kimberley region.""]}",,,bib5332,no +4069-speaker_number-1,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4069-speakers-1,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4069-speaker_number-2,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4069-speakers-2,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4069-speaker_number-3,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,40 speakers of Nyininy variety.,bib34,no 4069-speakers-3,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""353"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,40 speakers of Nyininy variety.,bib34,no -4069-speaker_number-4,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3974,yes -4069-speakers-4,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""217"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3974,yes +4069-speaker_number-4,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3994,yes +4069-speakers-4,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""217"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3994,yes 4069-speaker_number-5,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4069-speakers-5,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4069-speaker_number-6,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -4069-speakers-6,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no -4069-LEI-1,4069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4069-vitality-1,4069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4069-speaker_number-6,4069,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +4069-speakers-6,4069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no +4069-LEI-1,4069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4069-vitality-1,4069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4069-LEI-2,4069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4069-vitality-2,4069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4069-LEI-3,4069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4069-vitality-3,4069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4069-LEI-4,4069,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3974,yes -4069-transmission-4,4069,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3974,yes -4069-domains_of_use-4,4069,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3974,yes -4069-speaker_number_trends-4,4069,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3974,yes -4069-vitality-4,4069,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3974,yes +4069-LEI-4,4069,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3994,yes +4069-transmission-4,4069,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3994,yes +4069-domains_of_use-4,4069,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3994,yes +4069-speaker_number_trends-4,4069,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3994,yes +4069-vitality-4,4069,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children are socialised in English-based Kimberley variety of Kriol with frequent lexical borrowings from Jaru, a regional lingua franca.",bib3994,yes 4069-LEI-5,4069,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4069-vitality-5,4069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4069-LEI-6,4069,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4069-transmission-6,4069,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4069-domains_of_use-6,4069,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4069-speaker_number_trends-6,4069,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4069-vitality-6,4069,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5309,no +4069-LEI-6,4069,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4069-transmission-6,4069,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4069-domains_of_use-6,4069,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4069-speaker_number_trends-6,4069,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4069-vitality-6,4069,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The children speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English, and the number of Jaru speakers has been decreasing. The language is endangered.",bib5332,no 4070-location-1,4070,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.72, 137.63]]}",,,bib75,no 4070-location-2,4070,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4070-speaker_number-1,4070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4070-speakers-1,4070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4070-speaker_number-2,4070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3266,no -4070-speakers-2,4070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3266,no +4070-speaker_number-2,4070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3282,no +4070-speakers-2,4070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3282,no 4070-speaker_number-3,4070,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes 4070-speakers-3,4070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes 4070-LEI-1,4070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4070-vitality-1,4070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4070-LEI-2,4070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still strong in the community.,bib3266,no -4070-vitality-2,4070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is still strong in the community.,bib3266,no +4070-LEI-2,4070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still strong in the community.,bib3282,no +4070-vitality-2,4070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is still strong in the community.,bib3282,no 4070-LEI-3,4070,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4070-vitality-3,4070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4071-context-1,4071,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib68,yes 4071-location-1,4071,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Lakhimpur, Demaji, Tinsukia, and Jorhat districts""}",,,bib68,yes -4071-location-2,4071,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1911, 94.1528]]}",,,bib5307,no +4071-location-2,4071,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1911, 94.1528]]}",,,bib5330,no 4071-location-3,4071,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.0, 90.25]]}",,,bib216,no 4071-speaker_number-1,4071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,yes 4071-speakers-1,4071,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,yes -4071-speaker_number-2,4071,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4071-speakers-2,4071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4071-speakers-3,4071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a few thousand speakers left""}",,,bib8246,no +4071-speaker_number-2,4071,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4071-speakers-2,4071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4071-speakers-3,4071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a few thousand speakers left""}",,,bib8271,no 4071-speaker_number-4,4071,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4071-speakers-4,4071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4071-LEI-1,4071,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 4071-domains_of_use-1,4071,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib68,yes 4071-vitality-1,4071,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,yes -4071-LEI-2,4071,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4071-vitality-2,4071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4071-LEI-2,4071,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4071-vitality-2,4071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4071-LEI-4,4071,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4071-vitality-4,4071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4076-context-1,4076,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"""In 1993 the Dhimal People’s Development Centre in Damak, Jhāpā was formed to champion the socio-economic betterment ofDhimals. In 2001, a parcel of government land near the town of Maṅlabāri was awarded to this organisation to build a centre. This organisation, which lays claim to represent the concerns of Dhimals as an ethnolinguistic group within the Nepali state, has made efforts to promote Dhimal culture and language."" (p. 16-7)",bib4183,yes -4076-context-2,4076,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative.""}",,"Negative language attitude, but two revitalization groups have been set up: Dhimal existence preservation welfare society and Dhimal folk-culture preservation group (Dhimal Lok-Sanskritik Rokha Dal).",bib4477,no +4076-context-1,4076,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"""In 1993 the Dhimal People’s Development Centre in Damak, Jhāpā was formed to champion the socio-economic betterment ofDhimals. In 2001, a parcel of government land near the town of Maṅlabāri was awarded to this organisation to build a centre. This organisation, which lays claim to represent the concerns of Dhimals as an ethnolinguistic group within the Nepali state, has made efforts to promote Dhimal culture and language."" (p. 16-7)",bib4203,yes +4076-context-2,4076,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative.""}",,"Negative language attitude, but two revitalization groups have been set up: Dhimal existence preservation welfare society and Dhimal folk-culture preservation group (Dhimal Lok-Sanskritik Rokha Dal).",bib4498,no 4076-location-1,4076,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6666666667, 87.75]]}",,,bib216,no -4076-location-2,4076,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the lowland districts of Jh\u0101p\u0101 and Mora\u1e45 in southeastern Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.0, 88.0]]}",,"""The western dialect is primarily spoken in about 40 villages in Moraṅ and western Jhāpā districts, while the eastern dialect is only spoken in about ten villages in eastern Jhāpā and in a few communities in the adjoining areas of the Indian state of West Bengal."" (p.2)",bib4183,yes +4076-location-2,4076,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the lowland districts of Jh\u0101p\u0101 and Mora\u1e45 in southeastern Nepal"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.0, 88.0]]}",,"""The western dialect is primarily spoken in about 40 villages in Moraṅ and western Jhāpā districts, while the eastern dialect is only spoken in about ten villages in eastern Jhāpā and in a few communities in the adjoining areas of the Indian state of West Bengal."" (p.2)",bib4203,yes 4076-location-3,4076,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4076-location-4,4076,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6192, 87.4635]]}",,,bib5307,no -4076-speaker_number-1,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4183,yes -4076-speakers-1,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4183,yes +4076-location-4,4076,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.6192, 87.4635]]}",,,bib5330,no +4076-speaker_number-1,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4203,yes +4076-speakers-1,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4203,yes 4076-speaker_number-2,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"17,300 in Nepal (2001 census).",bib67,no 4076-speakers-2,4076,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,537"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"17,300 in Nepal (2001 census).",bib67,no -4076-speaker_number-3,4076,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4477,no -4076-speakers-3,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000 in India only"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4477,no -4076-speaker_number-4,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4076-speakers-4,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4076-speaker_number-3,4076,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4498,no +4076-speakers-3,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000 in India only"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4498,no +4076-speaker_number-4,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4076-speakers-4,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4076-speaker_number-5,4076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4076-speakers-5,4076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,758"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4076-LEI-1,4076,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The traditional culture, to which the language is closely tied, is being torn apart at a rapid pace as Dhimals find themselves thrust into a cash economy without skills or a land base. Dhimals are marrying non-Dhimals, while others are only teaching their children to speak Nepali. Some individuals and families -are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4183,yes +are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4203,yes 4076-speaker_number_trends-1,4076,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""The traditional culture, to which the language is closely tied, is being torn apart at a rapid pace as Dhimals find themselves thrust into a cash economy without skills or a land base. Dhimals are marrying non-Dhimals, while others are only teaching their children to speak Nepali. Some individuals and families -are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4183,yes +are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4203,yes 4076-vitality-1,4076,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""The traditional culture, to which the language is closely tied, is being torn apart at a rapid pace as Dhimals find themselves thrust into a cash economy without skills or a land base. Dhimals are marrying non-Dhimals, while others are only teaching their children to speak Nepali. Some individuals and families -are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4183,yes +are adopting the dominant hill culture to the point of complete linguistic assimilation. Things are changing at such a pace that it is difficult to imagine this language being spoken after more than a generation or two, unless a concerted effort is made in that direction."" (pg. 16)",bib4203,yes 4076-LEI-2,4076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4076-vitality-2,4076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4076-LEI-3,4076,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4477,no -4076-transmission-3,4076,transmission,4,transmission-4,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4477,no -4076-speaker_number_trends-3,4076,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4477,no -4076-vitality-3,4076,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4477,no -4076-LEI-4,4076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4076-vitality-4,4076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4076-LEI-3,4076,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4498,no +4076-transmission-3,4076,transmission,4,transmission-4,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4498,no +4076-speaker_number_trends-3,4076,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4498,no +4076-vitality-3,4076,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,...[T]he variety spoken in India is highly endangered...The Dhimal community mostly speaks Rajbanshi and Bengali...Only people above the ae of sixty can speak fluent Dhimal.,bib4498,no +4076-LEI-4,4076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4076-vitality-4,4076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4076-LEI-5,4076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4076-vitality-5,4076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4077-location-1,4077,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4077-location-2,4077,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.51113459, 114.7073318]]}",,,bib1182,no +4077-location-2,4077,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.51113459, 114.7073318]]}",,,bib1191,no 4077-location-3,4077,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Cardabia, North-West Cape, Nanutarra"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.847071, 113.816528], [-21.867234, 114.132729], [-22.631758, 116.333771]]}",,"Spoken along the coast from Cardabia north to North-West Cape and inland -along the lower reaches of the Ashburton River as far as Nanutarra Station.",bib596,no +along the lower reaches of the Ashburton River as far as Nanutarra Station.",bib599,no 4077-location-4,4077,location,"{""Description"": ""Thalanyji country is traditionally located around the Ashburton River and Onslow areas. Many Thalanyji people spent time in Carnarvon Mission as well as on various stations including Minderoo, Towera, Yanrey, Nanutarra, Emu Creek, Lyndon, Winning Pool, Yanrey, Glenflorrie, Uaroo, Mt Stuart and many others. After the 1967 Referendum, many Thalanyji people moved to Onslow for work (some to Carnarvon) and lived in the old Native Reserve, which is now Bindi Bindi community.""}",,,bib195,yes -4077-speaker_number-1,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -4077-speakers-1,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +4077-speaker_number-1,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +4077-speakers-1,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 4077-speaker_number-2,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4077-speakers-2,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4077-speaker_number-3,4077,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4077-speakers-3,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -4077-speaker_number-4,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The language currently has about a dozen fluent speakers, with many people speaking it as a second language. It is the daily medium of communication among some older people in Carnarvon and Onslow. The number of partial speakers is unknown, but is likely to be substantial.",bib596,no -4077-speakers-4,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Many""}",,"The language currently has about a dozen fluent speakers, with many people speaking it as a second language. It is the daily medium of communication among some older people in Carnarvon and Onslow. The number of partial speakers is unknown, but is likely to be substantial.",bib596,no -4077-speaker_number-5,4077,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4077-speakers-5,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4077-speaker_number-4,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The language currently has about a dozen fluent speakers, with many people speaking it as a second language. It is the daily medium of communication among some older people in Carnarvon and Onslow. The number of partial speakers is unknown, but is likely to be substantial.",bib599,no +4077-speakers-4,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Many""}",,"The language currently has about a dozen fluent speakers, with many people speaking it as a second language. It is the daily medium of communication among some older people in Carnarvon and Onslow. The number of partial speakers is unknown, but is likely to be substantial.",bib599,no +4077-speaker_number-5,4077,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4077-speakers-5,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4077-speaker_number-6,4077,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Today, the Thalanyji language is spoken fluently by only a few elders. These speakers live in the town of Onslow but were born and raised along the Ashburton River. There are also younger people who are partial or passive Thalanyji speakers living mostly in Onslow, Port Hedland, Tom Price or Carnarvon. ",bib195,yes 4077-speakers-6,4077,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Today, the Thalanyji language is spoken fluently by only a few elders. These speakers live in the town of Onslow but were born and raised along the Ashburton River. There are also younger people who are partial or passive Thalanyji speakers living mostly in Onslow, Port Hedland, Tom Price or Carnarvon. ",bib195,yes 4077-speaker_number-7,4077,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4077-speakers-7,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4077-speakers-8,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7937,no -4077-LEI-1,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4077-vitality-1,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4077-speakers-8,4077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7962,no +4077-LEI-1,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4077-vitality-1,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4077-LEI-2,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4077-vitality-2,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4077-LEI-3,4077,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4077-vitality-3,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4077-LEI-4,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib596,no -4077-vitality-4,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib596,no -4077-LEI-5,4077,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4077-vitality-5,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4077-LEI-4,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib599,no +4077-vitality-4,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib599,no +4077-LEI-5,4077,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4077-vitality-5,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4077-LEI-6,4077,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib195,yes 4077-vitality-6,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib195,yes 4077-LEI-7,4077,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4077-vitality-7,4077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4078-location-1,4078,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4078-location-2,4078,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.35122037, 114.7556619]]}",,,bib1182,no -4078-location-3,4078,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.322071, 114.8172]]}",,"Spoken in the headwaters of the Yannarie, Lyndon and Minilya Rivers, and the middle reaches of the Lyons River. The Kennedy Range was in Tharrkari traditional territory.",bib596,no -4078-location-4,4078,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tharrkari people traditionally lived in the south-west inland corner of the Pilbara region of Western Australia between the towns of Onslow and Carnarvon. Their traditional country includes part or all of the pastoral stations of Ullawarra, Middalya, Williambury, Maroonah and Glen Florrie, and the Barlee Range Nature Reserve... Most Tharrkari people now live outside their traditional country, mainly in the town of Carnarvon, but retain close ties with the land and their culture. The Tharrkari people lease and manage the Ullawarra cattle station situated on their traditional country.""}",,,bib1593,yes -4078-speaker_number-1,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4078-speakers-1,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4078-location-2,4078,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.35122037, 114.7556619]]}",,,bib1191,no +4078-location-3,4078,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.322071, 114.8172]]}",,"Spoken in the headwaters of the Yannarie, Lyndon and Minilya Rivers, and the middle reaches of the Lyons River. The Kennedy Range was in Tharrkari traditional territory.",bib599,no +4078-location-4,4078,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tharrkari people traditionally lived in the south-west inland corner of the Pilbara region of Western Australia between the towns of Onslow and Carnarvon. Their traditional country includes part or all of the pastoral stations of Ullawarra, Middalya, Williambury, Maroonah and Glen Florrie, and the Barlee Range Nature Reserve... Most Tharrkari people now live outside their traditional country, mainly in the town of Carnarvon, but retain close ties with the land and their culture. The Tharrkari people lease and manage the Ullawarra cattle station situated on their traditional country.""}",,,bib1605,yes +4078-speaker_number-1,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4078-speakers-1,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4078-speaker_number-2,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4078-speakers-2,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4078-speaker_number-3,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4078-speakers-3,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4078-speaker_number-4,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4078-speakers-4,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4078-speaker_number-5,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2004 there were estimated to be two speakers of the Tharrkari language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Tharrkari heritage but speak other languages. Tharrkari is considered to be a critically endangered language.,bib1593,yes -4078-speakers-5,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In 2004 there were estimated to be two speakers of the Tharrkari language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Tharrkari heritage but speak other languages. Tharrkari is considered to be a critically endangered language.,bib1593,yes -4078-speaker_number-6,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -4078-speakers-6,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -4078-LEI-1,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4078-vitality-1,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4078-speaker_number-5,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2004 there were estimated to be two speakers of the Tharrkari language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Tharrkari heritage but speak other languages. Tharrkari is considered to be a critically endangered language.,bib1605,yes +4078-speakers-5,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In 2004 there were estimated to be two speakers of the Tharrkari language. Many more people have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Tharrkari heritage but speak other languages. Tharrkari is considered to be a critically endangered language.,bib1605,yes +4078-speaker_number-6,4078,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +4078-speakers-6,4078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +4078-LEI-1,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4078-vitality-1,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4078-LEI-2,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4078-vitality-2,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4078-LEI-3,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4078-vitality-3,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4078-LEI-4,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4078-vitality-4,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4078-LEI-5,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1593,yes -4078-vitality-5,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1593,yes -4078-LEI-6,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4078-vitality-6,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -4079-location-1,4079,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0745, 38.4741]]}",,,bib5307,no -4079-location-2,4079,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Dais\u0169 live some twenty-five miles west of Tanga, at Bwiti in the eastern Usambara Mountains.""}",,,bib5584,no +4078-LEI-5,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1605,yes +4078-vitality-5,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1605,yes +4078-LEI-6,4078,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4078-vitality-6,4078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +4079-location-1,4079,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0745, 38.4741]]}",,,bib5330,no +4079-location-2,4079,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Dais\u0169 live some twenty-five miles west of Tanga, at Bwiti in the eastern Usambara Mountains.""}",,,bib5608,no 4079-location-3,4079,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,yes -4079-speaker_number-1,4079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4079-speakers-1,4079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4079-speaker_number-1,4079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4079-speakers-1,4079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4079-speaker_number-2,4079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4079-speakers-2,4079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4079-speaker_number-3,4079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4079-speakers-3,4079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4079-LEI-1,4079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4079-vitality-1,4079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4079-LEI-1,4079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4079-vitality-1,4079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4079-LEI-2,4079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4079-vitality-2,4079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4079-LEI-3,4079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4079-vitality-3,4079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4080-context-1,4080,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7526,yes -4080-location-1,4080,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.9661, 86.3223]]}",,,bib5307,no -4080-location-2,4080,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sindhul\u012b and Udaypur districts in the Inner Terai; also in the hills of K\u0101bhrep\u0101la\u00f1cok and Sindhup\u0101lcok districts and in the Terai districts of Sarl\u0101h\u012b, Mahottar\u012b, Dhanus\u0323\u0101 and Sir\u0101h\u0101""}",,,bib7526,yes +4080-context-1,4080,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7551,yes +4080-location-1,4080,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.9661, 86.3223]]}",,,bib5330,no +4080-location-2,4080,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sindhul\u012b and Udaypur districts in the Inner Terai; also in the hills of K\u0101bhrep\u0101la\u00f1cok and Sindhup\u0101lcok districts and in the Terai districts of Sarl\u0101h\u012b, Mahottar\u012b, Dhanus\u0323\u0101 and Sir\u0101h\u0101""}",,,bib7551,yes 4080-location-3,4080,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4080-speaker_number-1,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4080-speakers-1,4080,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,849"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4080-speaker_number-2,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Based on census data; half of the population speaks Dhanwar.,bib7526,yes -4080-speakers-2,4080,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,574"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,721"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Based on census data; half of the population speaks Dhanwar.,bib7526,yes +4080-speaker_number-1,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4080-speakers-1,4080,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,849"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4080-speaker_number-2,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Based on census data; half of the population speaks Dhanwar.,bib7551,yes +4080-speakers-2,4080,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,574"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,721"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Based on census data; half of the population speaks Dhanwar.,bib7551,yes 4080-speaker_number-3,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4080-speakers-3,4080,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,849"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4080-speaker_number-4,4080,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. ""No monolinguals (Toba, Toba and Rai 2005).""",bib67,no 4080-speakers-4,4080,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""53,229"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. ""No monolinguals (Toba, Toba and Rai 2005).""",bib67,no -4080-LEI-1,4080,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4080-vitality-1,4080,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4080-LEI-2,4080,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7526,yes -4080-speaker_number_trends-2,4080,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7526,yes -4080-vitality-2,4080,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7526,yes +4080-LEI-1,4080,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4080-vitality-1,4080,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4080-LEI-2,4080,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7551,yes +4080-speaker_number_trends-2,4080,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7551,yes +4080-vitality-2,4080,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7551,yes 4080-LEI-3,4080,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4080-vitality-3,4080,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4080-LEI-4,4080,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 4080-vitality-4,4080,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -4082-context-1,4082,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"The Arabic-medium education, and the multilingualism in which Arabic is the only available lingua franca, must have played the lion’s share in the process of language shift in Dilling City and among the Dilling speech community. [...] Arabic has supplanted ethnic languages in almost all domains of communication. Arabic is used predominantly in the home, outside of the home and on social occasions. Positive attitudes towards Arabic appear to have played a major role in the processes of language shift that have occurred in the region.",bib5368,no -4082-location-1,4082,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.0178, 29.663]]}",,,bib5307,no -4082-location-2,4082,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.050904, 29.652858]]}",,,bib3816,no +4082-context-1,4082,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"The Arabic-medium education, and the multilingualism in which Arabic is the only available lingua franca, must have played the lion’s share in the process of language shift in Dilling City and among the Dilling speech community. [...] Arabic has supplanted ethnic languages in almost all domains of communication. Arabic is used predominantly in the home, outside of the home and on social occasions. Positive attitudes towards Arabic appear to have played a major role in the processes of language shift that have occurred in the region.",bib5391,no +4082-location-1,4082,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.0178, 29.663]]}",,,bib5330,no +4082-location-2,4082,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.050904, 29.652858]]}",,,bib3835,no 4082-location-3,4082,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4082-speaker_number-1,4082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4082-speakers-1,4082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4082-speakers-2,4082,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,295"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3816,no +4082-speaker_number-1,4082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4082-speakers-1,4082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4082-speakers-2,4082,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,295"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3835,no 4082-speaker_number-3,4082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4082-speakers-3,4082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4082-speaker_number-4,4082,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4082-speakers-4,4082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4082-LEI-1,4082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4082-vitality-1,4082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4082-LEI-1,4082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4082-vitality-1,4082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4082-LEI-3,4082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4082-vitality-3,4082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4082-LEI-4,4082,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4082-vitality-4,4082,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4084-context-1,4084,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Katbol, Labo""}",,Language is under pressure from related larger neighboring languages Katbol and Labo.,bib7937,no -4084-location-1,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib2728,no +4084-context-1,4084,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Katbol, Labo""}",,Language is under pressure from related larger neighboring languages Katbol and Labo.,bib7962,no +4084-location-1,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula""}",,,bib2742,no 4084-location-2,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes -4084-location-3,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.418541, 167.4284]]}",,,bib395,no +4084-location-3,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.418541, 167.4284]]}",,,bib396,no 4084-location-4,4084,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.33, 167.52]]}",,,bib75,no -4084-location-5,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central southwest Malekula, coastal and inland""}",,,bib7937,no -4084-speaker_number-1,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2728,no -4084-speakers-1,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2728,no +4084-location-5,4084,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Central southwest Malekula, coastal and inland""}",,,bib7962,no +4084-speaker_number-1,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2742,no +4084-speakers-1,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2742,no 4084-speaker_number-2,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes 4084-speakers-2,4084,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes -4084-speaker_number-3,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -4084-speakers-3,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no +4084-speaker_number-3,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +4084-speakers-3,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no 4084-speaker_number-4,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4084-speakers-4,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4084-speaker_number-5,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 speakers were reported in 1982. They are likely to be fewer today.,bib7937,no -4084-speakers-5,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 speakers were reported in 1982. They are likely to be fewer today.,bib7937,no -4084-LEI-1,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -4084-vitality-1,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +4084-speaker_number-5,4084,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 speakers were reported in 1982. They are likely to be fewer today.,bib7962,no +4084-speakers-5,4084,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 speakers were reported in 1982. They are likely to be fewer today.,bib7962,no +4084-LEI-1,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +4084-vitality-1,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 4084-LEI-2,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4084-vitality-2,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4084-LEI-3,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4084-vitality-3,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +4084-LEI-3,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4084-vitality-3,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 4084-LEI-4,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4084-vitality-4,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4084-LEI-5,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4084-vitality-5,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +4084-LEI-5,4084,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4084-vitality-5,4084,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 4085-location-1,4085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.13, 139.46]]}",,,bib75,no 4085-location-2,4085,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4085-speaker_number-1,4085,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -42648,34 +42834,34 @@ along the lower reaches of the Ashburton River as far as Nanutarra Station.",bib 4085-vitality-1,4085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4085-LEI-2,4085,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4085-vitality-2,4085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4086-context-1,4086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu, Djinang""}",,,bib7937,no -4086-location-1,4086,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.368173, 135.080223]]}",,situated to the south and east of the Djinang area.,bib7719,yes +4086-context-1,4086,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu, Djinang""}",,,bib7962,no +4086-location-1,4086,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.368173, 135.080223]]}",,situated to the south and east of the Djinang area.,bib7744,yes 4086-location-2,4086,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4086-location-3,4086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.35852096, 135.1458759]]}",,,bib1182,no -4086-speaker_number-1,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -4086-speakers-1,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -4086-speaker_number-2,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,... most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.,bib7719,yes -4086-speakers-2,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<200""}",,... most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.,bib7719,yes +4086-location-3,4086,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.35852096, 135.1458759]]}",,,bib1191,no +4086-speaker_number-1,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +4086-speakers-1,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +4086-speaker_number-2,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,... most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.,bib7744,yes +4086-speakers-2,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""<200""}",,... most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.,bib7744,yes 4086-speaker_number-3,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Waters (1989), and ""includes 70 Ganalbingu (Black 1983)."" Dabi is nearly extinct (1991 SIL).",bib67,no 4086-speakers-3,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Waters (1989), and ""includes 70 Ganalbingu (Black 1983)."" Dabi is nearly extinct (1991 SIL).",bib67,no 4086-speaker_number-4,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,30 speakers of Mandjalpingu variety.,bib34,no 4086-speakers-4,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,30 speakers of Mandjalpingu variety.,bib34,no 4086-speaker_number-5,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4086-speakers-5,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4086-speaker_number-6,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -4086-speakers-6,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -4086-LEI-1,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4086-vitality-1,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4086-LEI-2,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7719,yes -4086-vitality-2,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7719,yes +4086-speaker_number-6,4086,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +4086-speakers-6,4086,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60-90"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +4086-LEI-1,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4086-vitality-1,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4086-LEI-2,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7744,yes +4086-vitality-2,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7744,yes 4086-LEI-3,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4086-vitality-3,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4086-LEI-4,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4086-vitality-4,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4086-LEI-5,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4086-vitality-5,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4086-LEI-6,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4086-vitality-6,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +4086-LEI-6,4086,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4086-vitality-6,4086,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 4087-location-1,4087,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Mount Mulligan south to Alma-den, east to Dimbula, west to Mungana.""}",,,bib69,yes 4087-speaker_number-1,4087,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4087-speakers-1,4087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -42684,148 +42870,148 @@ along the lower reaches of the Ashburton River as far as Nanutarra Station.",bib 4087-vitality-1,4087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4087-LEI-2,4087,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4087-vitality-2,4087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4088-location-1,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.266581, 115.99823]]}",,Spoken along the Henry River from near the junction with the Wannery Creek south to its headwaters.,bib596,no -4088-location-2,4088,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.403034, 115.1339619]]}",,,bib1182,no -4088-location-3,4088,location,"{""Description"": ""People of Jiwarli heritage are located in the area between the towns of Carnarvon and Onslow, through to Geraldton in the south and Port Hedland in the north. Many people of Jiwarli heritage have intermarried with other language groups. Jiwarli traditional country comprised the area of the southern Pilbara region of Western Australia at the top end of the Yannarie River down to Lyons River where it divides, and up to the Henry River. It includes Mount Florry and Mount Hamlet. The area lies in the south west corner of the Pilbara region.""}",,,bib1580,yes -4088-location-4,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""...Spoken in the north-west of Western Australia. The traditional country of the Jiwarli comprised of the area at the top end of the Yannarie River down to teh Lyons River where it divides and up to the Henry River.""}",,"Places on the limits of the Jiwarli territory are: [to the] north...Minnie Springs. Here the Jiwarli met the country of the Thalanyji; east...Mount Florry in the north-east borders with the Pinikura people, Yaalha pool on Henry River east branch is the south-east limit of the Jiwarli. The yankuranggu group of Jurruru speakers owned the country further east; [in the] south, karlabaya High Range in the south-west borders on Tharrkari country... the Edmund River in the south borders on Warriyangka country and the Barlee Range borders on the territory of the Thiin people.",bib597,no +4088-location-1,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.266581, 115.99823]]}",,Spoken along the Henry River from near the junction with the Wannery Creek south to its headwaters.,bib599,no +4088-location-2,4088,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.403034, 115.1339619]]}",,,bib1191,no +4088-location-3,4088,location,"{""Description"": ""People of Jiwarli heritage are located in the area between the towns of Carnarvon and Onslow, through to Geraldton in the south and Port Hedland in the north. Many people of Jiwarli heritage have intermarried with other language groups. Jiwarli traditional country comprised the area of the southern Pilbara region of Western Australia at the top end of the Yannarie River down to Lyons River where it divides, and up to the Henry River. It includes Mount Florry and Mount Hamlet. The area lies in the south west corner of the Pilbara region.""}",,,bib1592,yes +4088-location-4,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""...Spoken in the north-west of Western Australia. The traditional country of the Jiwarli comprised of the area at the top end of the Yannarie River down to teh Lyons River where it divides and up to the Henry River.""}",,"Places on the limits of the Jiwarli territory are: [to the] north...Minnie Springs. Here the Jiwarli met the country of the Thalanyji; east...Mount Florry in the north-east borders with the Pinikura people, Yaalha pool on Henry River east branch is the south-east limit of the Jiwarli. The yankuranggu group of Jurruru speakers owned the country further east; [in the] south, karlabaya High Range in the south-west borders on Tharrkari country... the Edmund River in the south borders on Warriyangka country and the Barlee Range borders on the territory of the Thiin people.",bib600,no 4088-location-5,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: Ashburton river; Elliott creek; Henry river; Lyons river; Mount Florry; Mount Hamlet; Yannarie river.""}",,,bib69,no -4088-location-6,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,Capricorn Range; Ashburton River south and east to junction with Hardey River.,bib7278,no -4088-speaker_number-1,4088,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4088-speakers-1,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4088-speakers-2,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Austin collected extensive materials on this language from the last speaker between 1978 and 1985. He died in 1986, but his younger brother, who understands the language, is still living in Onslow. There are no other speakers.",bib596,no -4088-speakers-3,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last Jiwarli speaker, Jack Butler, passed away in 1986. There are many people who are from Jiwarli heritage who speak a few words or phrases of the language.",bib1580,yes -4088-speakers-4,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib597,no +4088-location-6,4088,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,Capricorn Range; Ashburton River south and east to junction with Hardey River.,bib7302,no +4088-speaker_number-1,4088,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4088-speakers-1,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4088-speakers-2,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Austin collected extensive materials on this language from the last speaker between 1978 and 1985. He died in 1986, but his younger brother, who understands the language, is still living in Onslow. There are no other speakers.",bib599,no +4088-speakers-3,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last Jiwarli speaker, Jack Butler, passed away in 1986. There are many people who are from Jiwarli heritage who speak a few words or phrases of the language.",bib1592,yes +4088-speakers-4,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib600,no 4088-speaker_number-5,4088,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4088-speakers-5,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4088-speakers-6,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -4088-speakers-7,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Austin (1986 p.c.) says there are no more speakers of Jiwarli.,bib7278,no -4088-LEI-1,4088,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4088-vitality-1,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4088-LEI-2,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib596,no -4088-vitality-2,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib596,no -4088-LEI-3,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1580,yes -4088-vitality-3,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1580,yes -4088-LEI-4,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib597,no -4088-vitality-4,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib597,no +4088-speakers-7,4088,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Austin (1986 p.c.) says there are no more speakers of Jiwarli.,bib7302,no +4088-LEI-1,4088,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4088-vitality-1,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4088-LEI-2,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib599,no +4088-vitality-2,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib599,no +4088-LEI-3,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1592,yes +4088-vitality-3,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1592,yes +4088-LEI-4,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib600,no +4088-vitality-4,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib600,no 4088-LEI-5,4088,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4088-vitality-5,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4088-LEI-6,4088,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 4088-vitality-6,4088,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 4090-location-1,4090,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4090-location-2,4090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4151748, 123.191145]]}",,,bib1182,no -4090-speaker_number-1,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4090-speakers-1,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4090-location-2,4090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.4151748, 123.191145]]}",,,bib1191,no +4090-speaker_number-1,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4090-speakers-1,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4090-speaker_number-4,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4090-speakers-4,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -4090-speaker_number-5,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3333,yes -4090-speakers-5,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3333,yes +4090-speaker_number-5,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3350,yes +4090-speakers-5,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3350,yes 4090-speaker_number-6,4090,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4090-speakers-6,4090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4090-LEI-1,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4090-vitality-1,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4090-LEI-1,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4090-vitality-1,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4090-LEI-2,4090,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 4090-vitality-2,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 4090-LEI-3,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4090-vitality-3,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4090-LEI-4,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3333,yes -4090-vitality-4,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3333,yes +4090-LEI-4,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3350,yes +4090-vitality-4,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3350,yes 4090-LEI-5,4090,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4090-vitality-5,4090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4091-location-1,4091,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib3722,yes -4091-location-2,4091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3937, 91.8965]]}",,,bib5307,no +4091-location-1,4091,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib3741,yes +4091-location-2,4091,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3937, 91.8965]]}",,,bib5330,no 4091-location-3,4091,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4091-speaker_number-1,4091,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Approximately 1,000 speakers in Bhutan, and approximately 30,000 speakers in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are reports that Dakpa is also spoken in China, where it is referred to as Dwags or Takpa.",bib3722,yes -4091-speakers-1,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Approximately 1,000 speakers in Bhutan, and approximately 30,000 speakers in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are reports that Dakpa is also spoken in China, where it is referred to as Dwags or Takpa.",bib3722,yes -4091-speaker_number-2,4091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4091-speakers-2,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4091-speaker_number-1,4091,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Approximately 1,000 speakers in Bhutan, and approximately 30,000 speakers in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are reports that Dakpa is also spoken in China, where it is referred to as Dwags or Takpa.",bib3741,yes +4091-speakers-1,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Approximately 1,000 speakers in Bhutan, and approximately 30,000 speakers in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are reports that Dakpa is also spoken in China, where it is referred to as Dwags or Takpa.",bib3741,yes +4091-speaker_number-2,4091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4091-speakers-2,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4091-speaker_number-3,4091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4091-speakers-3,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4091-speaker_number-4,4091,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no 4091-speakers-4,4091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no -4091-LEI-1,4091,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3722,yes -4091-vitality-1,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3722,yes -4091-LEI-2,4091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4091-vitality-2,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4091-LEI-1,4091,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3741,yes +4091-vitality-1,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3741,yes +4091-LEI-2,4091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4091-vitality-2,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4091-LEI-3,4091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4091-vitality-3,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4091-LEI-4,4091,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4091-vitality-4,4091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4092-context-1,4092,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burushaski; Shina; Urdu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7754,yes +4092-context-1,4092,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Burushaski; Shina; Urdu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7779,yes 4092-location-1,4092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1666666667, 74.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4092-location-2,4092,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4092-location-3,4092,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Mominabad (Hunza & Nagar)""}",,,bib6094,no -4092-location-4,4092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0979, 73.9627]]}",,,bib5307,no +4092-location-3,4092,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Mominabad (Hunza & Nagar)""}",,,bib6118,no +4092-location-4,4092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0979, 73.9627]]}",,,bib5330,no 4092-location-5,4092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.319375, 74.794322]]}",,,bib75,no -4092-location-6,4092,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""mainly Mominabad in the Hunza valleys and Domyaal in the Nager valley of northern Pakistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.216, 74.651]]}",,,bib7754,yes +4092-location-6,4092,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""mainly Mominabad in the Hunza valleys and Domyaal in the Nager valley of northern Pakistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.216, 74.651]]}",,,bib7779,yes 4092-speaker_number-1,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4092-speakers-1,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4092-speaker_number-2,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6094,no -4092-speakers-2,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6094,no -4092-speaker_number-3,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4092-speakers-3,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4092-speaker_number-4,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The traditional occupations of the Domaaki speakers are blacksmiths and musicians.,bib7754,yes -4092-speakers-4,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The traditional occupations of the Domaaki speakers are blacksmiths and musicians.,bib7754,yes +4092-speaker_number-2,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6118,no +4092-speakers-2,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6118,no +4092-speaker_number-3,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4092-speakers-3,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4092-speaker_number-4,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The traditional occupations of the Domaaki speakers are blacksmiths and musicians.,bib7779,yes +4092-speakers-4,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,The traditional occupations of the Domaaki speakers are blacksmiths and musicians.,bib7779,yes 4092-speaker_number-5,4092,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4092-speakers-5,4092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4092-LEI-1,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 4092-vitality-1,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -4092-LEI-2,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -4092-vitality-2,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -4092-LEI-3,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4092-vitality-3,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4092-LEI-2,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +4092-vitality-2,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +4092-LEI-3,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4092-vitality-3,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4092-LEI-4,4092,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Due to their ethnicity, the Domaaki have a lower social status and are generally discriminated by their surrounding society. In order to purse a better opportunity for education or occupation, the Domaaki tend to hide or give up their own group identity. -""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7754,yes +""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7779,yes 4092-transmission-4,4092,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Due to their ethnicity, the Domaaki have a lower social status and are generally discriminated by their surrounding society. In order to purse a better opportunity for education or occupation, the Domaaki tend to hide or give up their own group identity. -""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7754,yes +""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7779,yes 4092-domains_of_use-4,4092,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Due to their ethnicity, the Domaaki have a lower social status and are generally discriminated by their surrounding society. In order to purse a better opportunity for education or occupation, the Domaaki tend to hide or give up their own group identity. -""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7754,yes +""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7779,yes 4092-speaker_number_trends-4,4092,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Due to their ethnicity, the Domaaki have a lower social status and are generally discriminated by their surrounding society. In order to purse a better opportunity for education or occupation, the Domaaki tend to hide or give up their own group identity. -""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7754,yes +""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7779,yes 4092-vitality-4,4092,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Due to their ethnicity, the Domaaki have a lower social status and are generally discriminated by their surrounding society. In order to purse a better opportunity for education or occupation, the Domaaki tend to hide or give up their own group identity. -""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7754,yes +""[I]t is even officially approved by Dooma community leaders in Hunza, who already in the 1990s actively encouraged young and old to use the local majority tongue while talking to each other."" (Weinreich 2010: 52)",bib7779,yes 4092-LEI-5,4092,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4092-vitality-5,4092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4093-context-2,4093,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Palula, Khowar, Pashto, Urdu""}",,,bib740,no -4093-context-3,4093,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with non-Dameli speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto; Khowar"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Dameli speaker differ from speakers of many of the surrounding minority languages in showing no reluctance to speak their language even in the presence of non-speakers, and appear to lack most of the negative associations that minority speakers worldwide tend to attach to their language.\"" (p.11)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,Urdu is the national language of Pakistan and the medium for schooling while Pashto is the lingua franca of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (aka North-West Frontier Province) where Dameli is spoken. Khowar is also used frequently in the Chitral district although not in the valley where the Dameli live. One's ability to use Urdu depends on their level of education. Almost all the Dameli speakers possess a high proficiency of Pashto though monolingual Dameli females could be observed.,bib5863,yes -4093-location-1,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Damel valley on the left bank of the Chitral River""}",,,bib740,no +4093-context-2,4093,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Palula, Khowar, Pashto, Urdu""}",,,bib744,no +4093-context-3,4093,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with non-Dameli speakers""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto; Khowar"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Dameli speaker differ from speakers of many of the surrounding minority languages in showing no reluctance to speak their language even in the presence of non-speakers, and appear to lack most of the negative associations that minority speakers worldwide tend to attach to their language.\"" (p.11)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,Urdu is the national language of Pakistan and the medium for schooling while Pashto is the lingua franca of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (aka North-West Frontier Province) where Dameli is spoken. Khowar is also used frequently in the Chitral district although not in the valley where the Dameli live. One's ability to use Urdu depends on their level of education. Almost all the Dameli speakers possess a high proficiency of Pashto though monolingual Dameli females could be observed.,bib5887,yes +4093-location-1,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Damel valley on the left bank of the Chitral River""}",,,bib744,no 4093-location-2,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4093-location-3,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Damel Valley (Southern Chitral)""}",,,bib6094,no -4093-location-4,4093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.578, 71.8684]]}",,,bib5307,no -4093-location-5,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of Dameli dwell in the Domel/Damel valley of the southwest Chitral district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.466, 71.81]]}",,,bib5863,yes -4093-speaker_number-1,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,no -4093-speakers-1,4093,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,no +4093-location-3,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Damel Valley (Southern Chitral)""}",,,bib6118,no +4093-location-4,4093,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.578, 71.8684]]}",,,bib5330,no +4093-location-5,4093,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of Dameli dwell in the Domel/Damel valley of the southwest Chitral district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.466, 71.81]]}",,,bib5887,yes +4093-speaker_number-1,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,no +4093-speakers-1,4093,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,no 4093-speaker_number-2,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1992).,bib67,no 4093-speakers-2,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1992).,bib67,no -4093-speaker_number-3,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -4093-speakers-3,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -4093-speaker_number-4,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4093-speakers-4,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4093-speaker_number-5,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Dameli speakers are Sunni Muslim and living on agriculture and herding.,bib5863,yes -4093-speakers-5,4093,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Dameli speakers are Sunni Muslim and living on agriculture and herding.,bib5863,yes +4093-speaker_number-3,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +4093-speakers-3,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +4093-speaker_number-4,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4093-speakers-4,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4093-speaker_number-5,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Dameli speakers are Sunni Muslim and living on agriculture and herding.,bib5887,yes +4093-speakers-5,4093,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Dameli speakers are Sunni Muslim and living on agriculture and herding.,bib5887,yes 4093-speaker_number-6,4093,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4093-speakers-6,4093,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4093-LEI-1,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4093-vitality-1,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4093-LEI-1,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4093-vitality-1,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4093-LEI-2,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4093-vitality-2,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4093-LEI-3,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -4093-vitality-3,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -4093-LEI-4,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4093-vitality-4,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4093-LEI-5,4093,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5863,yes -4093-transmission-5,4093,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5863,yes -4093-domains_of_use-5,4093,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5863,yes -4093-speaker_number_trends-5,4093,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5863,yes -4093-vitality-5,4093,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5863,yes +4093-LEI-3,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +4093-vitality-3,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +4093-LEI-4,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4093-vitality-4,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4093-LEI-5,4093,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5887,yes +4093-transmission-5,4093,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5887,yes +4093-domains_of_use-5,4093,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5887,yes +4093-speaker_number_trends-5,4093,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5887,yes +4093-vitality-5,4093,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren born of Dameli parents learn Dameli as their first language, although many Dameli speakers reach a very high fluency in one or several other languages are forced to use these in some domains, notably education at all levels and communications with outsiders."" (p. 11). Also, if a Dameli male marries a non-Dameli, the wife usually learns Dameli after intermarriage.",bib5887,yes 4093-LEI-6,4093,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4093-vitality-6,4093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4094-context-1,4094,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tombonuo [txa]""}",,,bib69,yes -4094-location-1,4094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.967444, 117.360686]]}",,,bib7945,no +4094-location-1,4094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.967444, 117.360686]]}",,,bib7970,no 4094-location-2,4094,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Sabah, Labuk-Sugut district, Perancangan village.""}",,,bib69,yes 4094-speaker_number-1,4094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4094-speakers-1,4094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,078"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -42836,338 +43022,338 @@ along the lower reaches of the Ashburton River as far as Nanutarra Station.",bib 4094-LEI-2,4094,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4094-vitality-2,4094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 4095-context-1,4095,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waris [wrs]""}",,Adults understand Waris [wrs].,bib69,no -4095-location-1,4095,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.29588294, 141.2018433]]}",,,bib7945,no +4095-location-1,4095,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.29588294, 141.2018433]]}",,,bib7970,no 4095-location-2,4095,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district near Imonda.""}",,,bib69,no -4095-location-3,4095,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Daonda village""}",,,bib4545,yes +4095-location-3,4095,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Daonda village""}",,,bib4566,yes 4095-speaker_number-1,4095,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4095-speakers-1,4095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""169"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4095-speaker_number-2,4095,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4095-speakers-2,4095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4095-speaker_number-3,4095,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -4095-speakers-3,4095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +4095-speaker_number-3,4095,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +4095-speakers-3,4095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 4095-LEI-1,4095,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4095-vitality-1,4095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4095-LEI-2,4095,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4095-vitality-2,4095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4095-LEI-3,4095,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4095-vitality-3,4095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -4096-context-1,4096,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Dungan is the dominant languages used in the Dungan communities or within the family. But Russian is used in the official domains, including formal meetings in the Dungan communities where everyone speaks Dungan.",bib3222,yes -4096-location-1,4096,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.4518, 78.4643]]}",,,bib5307,no -4096-location-2,4096,location,"{""Places"": [""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan""]}",,,bib3222,yes +4095-LEI-3,4095,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4095-vitality-3,4095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +4096-context-1,4096,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Dungan is the dominant languages used in the Dungan communities or within the family. But Russian is used in the official domains, including formal meetings in the Dungan communities where everyone speaks Dungan.",bib3237,yes +4096-location-1,4096,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.4518, 78.4643]]}",,,bib5330,no +4096-location-2,4096,location,"{""Places"": [""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan""]}",,,bib3237,yes 4096-location-3,4096,location,"{""Places"": [""Kyrgyzstan"", ""Tajikistan"", ""Turkmenistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Kazakhstan""]}",,,bib67,no -4096-speaker_number-1,4096,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4096-speakers-1,4096,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4096-speaker_number-2,4096,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3222,yes -4096-speakers-2,4096,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3222,yes +4096-speaker_number-1,4096,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4096-speakers-1,4096,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4096-speaker_number-2,4096,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3237,yes +4096-speakers-2,4096,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3237,yes 4096-speaker_number-3,4096,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4096-speakers-3,4096,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4096-speaker_number-4,4096,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"40,000 in Kyrgyzstan; total all countries: 42,200.",bib67,no 4096-speakers-4,4096,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"40,000 in Kyrgyzstan; total all countries: 42,200.",bib67,no -4096-LEI-1,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4096-vitality-1,4096,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4096-LEI-2,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3222,yes -4096-transmission-2,4096,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3222,yes -4096-domains_of_use-2,4096,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3222,yes -4096-speaker_number_trends-2,4096,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3222,yes -4096-vitality-2,4096,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3222,yes +4096-LEI-1,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4096-vitality-1,4096,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4096-LEI-2,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3237,yes +4096-transmission-2,4096,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3237,yes +4096-domains_of_use-2,4096,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3237,yes +4096-speaker_number_trends-2,4096,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3237,yes +4096-vitality-2,4096,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Dungan language class is offered in school within the Dungan communities, and code-switching between Dungan and Russian is very common due to widespread bilingualism. People who live outside the Dungan communities begin to shift to Russian.",bib3237,yes 4096-LEI-3,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4096-vitality-3,4096,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4096-LEI-4,4096,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4096-vitality-4,4096,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4103-location-1,4103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.517, 30.5914]]}",,,bib5307,no -4103-location-2,4103,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.107138, 30.143623]]}",,,bib3816,no +4103-location-1,4103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.517, 30.5914]]}",,,bib5330,no +4103-location-2,4103,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.107138, 30.143623]]}",,,bib3835,no 4103-location-3,4103,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4103-speaker_number-1,4103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4103-speakers-1,4103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4103-speakers-2,4103,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,503"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3816,no +4103-speaker_number-1,4103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4103-speakers-1,4103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4103-speakers-2,4103,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,503"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3835,no 4103-speaker_number-3,4103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4103-speakers-3,4103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4103-speaker_number-4,4103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4103-speakers-4,4103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4103-LEI-1,4103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4103-vitality-1,4103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4103-LEI-1,4103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4103-vitality-1,4103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4103-LEI-2,4103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4103-vitality-2,4103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4103-LEI-3,4103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4103-vitality-3,4103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4104-context-1,4104,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home"", ""marketplace"", ""schools"", ""employment"", ""inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; English; Nepali; Byansi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""The perception is that Darma and the other Rang languages will not benefit the \nchildren when they reach adulthood and need to find employment.\"" (pg. 17)""}",,,bib7841,yes -4104-location-1,4104,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0037, 80.5641]]}",,,bib5307,no +4104-context-1,4104,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home"", ""marketplace"", ""schools"", ""employment"", ""inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; English; Nepali; Byansi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""The perception is that Darma and the other Rang languages will not benefit the \nchildren when they reach adulthood and need to find employment.\"" (pg. 17)""}",,,bib7866,yes +4104-location-1,4104,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0037, 80.5641]]}",,,bib5330,no 4104-location-3,4104,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0, 79.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4104-location-4,4104,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4104-speaker_number-1,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4104-speakers-1,4104,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,761"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4104-speaker_number-2,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""The exact numbers of Darma speakers are difficult to ascertain due in part to the fact that the census does not count the Rang people individually. Based on the data from the 2001 Census, I estimate that of the 51,026 people living in Dharchula, there are 6,572 Rang people (i.e., people who are classified as members of a Scheduled Tribe).15 Of these, 2,615 live in Darma villages."" (pg. 7-8)",bib7841,yes -4104-speakers-2,4104,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""The exact numbers of Darma speakers are difficult to ascertain due in part to the fact that the census does not count the Rang people individually. Based on the data from the 2001 Census, I estimate that of the 51,026 people living in Dharchula, there are 6,572 Rang people (i.e., people who are classified as members of a Scheduled Tribe).15 Of these, 2,615 live in Darma villages."" (pg. 7-8)",bib7841,yes +4104-speaker_number-1,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4104-speakers-1,4104,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,761"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4104-speaker_number-2,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""The exact numbers of Darma speakers are difficult to ascertain due in part to the fact that the census does not count the Rang people individually. Based on the data from the 2001 Census, I estimate that of the 51,026 people living in Dharchula, there are 6,572 Rang people (i.e., people who are classified as members of a Scheduled Tribe).15 Of these, 2,615 live in Darma villages."" (pg. 7-8)",bib7866,yes +4104-speakers-2,4104,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""The exact numbers of Darma speakers are difficult to ascertain due in part to the fact that the census does not count the Rang people individually. Based on the data from the 2001 Census, I estimate that of the 51,026 people living in Dharchula, there are 6,572 Rang people (i.e., people who are classified as members of a Scheduled Tribe).15 Of these, 2,615 live in Darma villages."" (pg. 7-8)",bib7866,yes 4104-speaker_number-3,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4104-speakers-3,4104,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,224"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4104-speaker_number-4,4104,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,750 speakers in india",bib67,no 4104-speakers-4,4104,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,750 speakers in india",bib67,no -4104-LEI-1,4104,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4104-vitality-1,4104,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4104-LEI-1,4104,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4104-vitality-1,4104,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4104-LEI-2,4104,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""While some of the children that I visited in the villages near Dharchula spoke Darma fluently, many parents encourage their children to focus on learning English and -Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes +Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7866,yes 4104-transmission-2,4104,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""While some of the children that I visited in the villages near Dharchula spoke Darma fluently, many parents encourage their children to focus on learning English and -Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes +Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7866,yes 4104-domains_of_use-2,4104,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"""While some of the children that I visited in the villages near Dharchula spoke Darma fluently, many parents encourage their children to focus on learning English and -Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes +Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7866,yes 4104-speaker_number_trends-2,4104,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""While some of the children that I visited in the villages near Dharchula spoke Darma fluently, many parents encourage their children to focus on learning English and -Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes +Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7866,yes 4104-vitality-2,4104,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""While some of the children that I visited in the villages near Dharchula spoke Darma fluently, many parents encourage their children to focus on learning English and -Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes +Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7866,yes 4104-LEI-3,4104,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4104-vitality-3,4104,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4104-LEI-4,4104,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4104-vitality-4,4104,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4105-location-1,4105,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dolpa district up to Tibetan border""}",,,bib8246,yes -4105-location-2,4105,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.2193, 83.0676]]}",,,bib5307,no +4105-location-1,4105,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dolpa district up to Tibetan border""}",,,bib8271,yes +4105-location-2,4105,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.2193, 83.0676]]}",,,bib5330,no 4105-location-3,4105,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4105-speaker_number-1,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -4105-speakers-1,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -4105-speaker_number-2,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4105-speakers-2,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4105-speaker_number-1,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +4105-speakers-1,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +4105-speaker_number-2,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4105-speakers-2,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4105-speaker_number-3,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4105-speakers-3,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4105-speaker_number-4,4105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 monolinguals (2003).",bib67,no 4105-speakers-4,4105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 monolinguals (2003).",bib67,no -4105-LEI-1,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4105-vitality-1,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -4105-LEI-2,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4105-vitality-2,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4105-LEI-1,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4105-vitality-1,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +4105-LEI-2,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4105-vitality-2,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4105-LEI-3,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4105-vitality-3,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4105-LEI-4,4105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4105-vitality-4,4105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4106-location-1,4106,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.1641, 108.1054]]}",,,bib5307,no -4106-location-2,4106,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l Province, specifically in the districts of Rinchinlkh\u00fcmbe, Ulaan uul, and Bayanz\u00fcrkh"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.171, 98.985], [50.678, 99.23]]}",,,bib3173,no +4106-location-1,4106,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.1641, 108.1054]]}",,,bib5330,no +4106-location-2,4106,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""Kh\u00f6vsg\u00f6l Province, specifically in the districts of Rinchinlkh\u00fcmbe, Ulaan uul, and Bayanz\u00fcrkh"", ""Coordinates"": [[50.171, 98.985], [50.678, 99.23]]}",,,bib3188,no 4106-location-3,4106,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,yes -4106-speaker_number-1,4106,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4106-speakers-1,4106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4106-speaker_number-1,4106,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4106-speakers-1,4106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4106-speaker_number-2,4106,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4106-speakers-2,4106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4106-speaker_number-3,4106,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4106-speakers-3,4106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4106-LEI-1,4106,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4106-vitality-1,4106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4106-LEI-1,4106,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4106-vitality-1,4106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4106-LEI-2,4106,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4106-vitality-2,4106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4106-LEI-3,4106,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4106-vitality-3,4106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4108-context-1,4108,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali (the national language)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5799,yes -4108-location-1,4108,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Tanahu, Gorkha, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Palpa and Dhuading districts; the majority of Darai live in Tanahu""}",,,bib5799,yes -4108-location-2,4108,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9264, 84.331]]}",,,bib5307,no +4108-context-1,4108,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali (the national language)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib5823,yes +4108-location-1,4108,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Tanahu, Gorkha, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Palpa and Dhuading districts; the majority of Darai live in Tanahu""}",,,bib5823,yes +4108-location-2,4108,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9264, 84.331]]}",,,bib5330,no 4108-location-3,4108,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0, 84.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4108-location-4,4108,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4108-speaker_number-1,4108,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by less than 1/3 of the Darai population.,bib5799,yes -4108-speakers-1,4108,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10210 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by less than 1/3 of the Darai population.,bib5799,yes -4108-speaker_number-2,4108,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4108-speakers-2,4108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4108-speaker_number-1,4108,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by less than 1/3 of the Darai population.,bib5823,yes +4108-speakers-1,4108,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10210 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by less than 1/3 of the Darai population.,bib5823,yes +4108-speaker_number-2,4108,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4108-speakers-2,4108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4108-speaker_number-3,4108,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4108-speakers-3,4108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4108-speaker_number-4,4108,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 4108-speakers-4,4108,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,859"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -4108-LEI-1,4108,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5799,yes -4108-transmission-1,4108,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5799,yes -4108-speaker_number_trends-1,4108,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5799,yes -4108-vitality-1,4108,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5799,yes -4108-LEI-2,4108,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4108-vitality-2,4108,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4108-LEI-1,4108,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5823,yes +4108-transmission-1,4108,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5823,yes +4108-speaker_number_trends-1,4108,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5823,yes +4108-vitality-1,4108,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5823,yes +4108-LEI-2,4108,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4108-vitality-2,4108,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4108-LEI-3,4108,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4108-vitality-3,4108,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4108-LEI-4,4108,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4108-vitality-4,4108,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4109-location-1,4109,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.5001, 14.4744]]}",,,bib5307,no +4109-location-1,4109,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.5001, 14.4744]]}",,,bib5330,no 4109-location-2,4109,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[51.75, 14.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4109-location-3,4109,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany""], ""Description"": ""East, Niederlausitz (Dolna Luzica), Cottbus (Ch\u00f3sebuz) main town""}",,,bib67,yes -4109-speaker_number-1,4109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4109-speakers-1,4109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4109-speaker_number-1,4109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4109-speakers-1,4109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4109-speaker_number-2,4109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4109-speakers-2,4109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4109-speaker_number-3,4109,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 in Germany (1995).",bib67,yes 4109-speakers-3,4109,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 in Germany (1995).",bib67,yes -4109-LEI-1,4109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4109-vitality-1,4109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4109-LEI-1,4109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4109-vitality-1,4109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4109-LEI-2,4109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4109-vitality-2,4109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4109-LEI-3,4109,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4109-vitality-3,4109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4113-location-1,4113,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8246,yes -4113-location-2,4113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3095, 86.7521]]}",,,bib5307,no +4113-location-1,4113,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8271,yes +4113-location-2,4113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3095, 86.7521]]}",,,bib5330,no 4113-location-3,4113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.25, 86.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4113-location-4,4113,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4113-speaker_number-1,4113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib8246,yes -4113-speakers-1,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib8246,yes -4113-speaker_number-2,4113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4113-speakers-2,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4113-speaker_number-1,4113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib8271,yes +4113-speakers-1,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib8271,yes +4113-speaker_number-2,4113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4113-speakers-2,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4113-speaker_number-3,4113,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4113-speakers-3,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4113-speaker_number-4,4113,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4113-speakers-4,4113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 UNESCO"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4113-LEI-1,4113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4113-transmission-1,4113,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8246,yes -4113-domains_of_use-1,4113,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8246,yes -4113-speaker_number_trends-1,4113,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8246,yes -4113-vitality-1,4113,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8246,yes -4113-LEI-2,4113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4113-vitality-2,4113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4113-LEI-1,4113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4113-transmission-1,4113,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8271,yes +4113-domains_of_use-1,4113,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8271,yes +4113-speaker_number_trends-1,4113,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8271,yes +4113-vitality-1,4113,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8271,yes +4113-LEI-2,4113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4113-vitality-2,4113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4113-LEI-3,4113,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4113-vitality-3,4113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4113-LEI-4,4113,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4113-vitality-4,4113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4115-location-1,4115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.55866, 122.495732]]}",,,bib1182,yes +4115-location-1,4115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.55866, 122.495732]]}",,,bib1191,yes 4115-speaker_number-2,4115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4115-speakers-2,4115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4115-speaker_number-3,4115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4115-speakers-3,4115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4115-LEI-1,4115,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,yes -4115-vitality-1,4115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +4115-speaker_number-3,4115,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4115-speakers-3,4115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4115-LEI-1,4115,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,yes +4115-vitality-1,4115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 4115-LEI-2,4115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4115-vitality-2,4115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4115-LEI-3,4115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4115-vitality-3,4115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4117-location-1,4117,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.94350452, 152.1724551]]}",,,bib1182,no +4115-LEI-3,4115,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4115-vitality-3,4115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4117-location-1,4117,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.94350452, 152.1724551]]}",,,bib1191,no 4117-location-2,4117,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Kempsey area, Armidale, Macleay river.""}",,,bib69,no -4117-speaker_number-1,4117,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4117-speakers-1,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4117-speakers-2,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +4117-speaker_number-1,4117,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4117-speakers-1,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4117-speakers-2,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 4117-speaker_number-3,4117,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4117-speakers-3,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -4117-speakers-4,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The last speakers of Dhanggati were recorded in the mid 1960s, all old people at the time and grandparents of today's Elders who are now in their 60s and 70s. Many of the current Elders are rememberers of the language, keeping the spoken form alive with words and phrases. Some of them have developed their language skills and knowledge with formal learning as a direct result of recent grammatical descriptions, the development of a regular (phonemic) orthography and learning resources. Some of these Elders, notably Aunty Esther Quinlin, have been teaching language (remembered and acquired) in schools since the 1980s, most recently using the resources based on those developed by linguist Amanda Lissarrague and adapted for primary school classrooms by Aunty Esther and Caroline Bradshaw. More analytical work on the language and development of resources will enhance its chances of revival but is dependent on scarce resources currently unavailable to this language group.",bib4688,yes +4117-speakers-4,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The last speakers of Dhanggati were recorded in the mid 1960s, all old people at the time and grandparents of today's Elders who are now in their 60s and 70s. Many of the current Elders are rememberers of the language, keeping the spoken form alive with words and phrases. Some of them have developed their language skills and knowledge with formal learning as a direct result of recent grammatical descriptions, the development of a regular (phonemic) orthography and learning resources. Some of these Elders, notably Aunty Esther Quinlin, have been teaching language (remembered and acquired) in schools since the 1980s, most recently using the resources based on those developed by linguist Amanda Lissarrague and adapted for primary school classrooms by Aunty Esther and Caroline Bradshaw. More analytical work on the language and development of resources will enhance its chances of revival but is dependent on scarce resources currently unavailable to this language group.",bib4710,yes 4117-speaker_number-5,4117,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4117-speakers-5,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4117-speakers-6,4117,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,No known L1 speakers (Wurm 2007). Extinct for 2 decades (Wurm 2007).,bib69,no -4117-LEI-1,4117,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4117-vitality-1,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4117-LEI-2,4117,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -4117-vitality-2,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +4117-LEI-1,4117,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4117-vitality-1,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4117-LEI-2,4117,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +4117-vitality-2,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 4117-LEI-3,4117,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4117-vitality-3,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4117-LEI-4,4117,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4688,yes -4117-vitality-4,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4688,yes +4117-LEI-4,4117,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4710,yes +4117-vitality-4,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4710,yes 4117-LEI-5,4117,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4117-vitality-5,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4117-LEI-6,4117,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 4117-vitality-6,4117,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -4118-location-1,4118,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.82350711, 145.5840818]]}",,,bib1182,no +4118-location-1,4118,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.82350711, 145.5840818]]}",,,bib1191,no 4118-location-2,4118,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4118-speaker_number-1,4118,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4118-speakers-1,4118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4118-speaker_number-2,4118,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4118-speakers-2,4118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4118-speaker_number-2,4118,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4118-speakers-2,4118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4118-speaker_number-3,4118,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4118-speakers-3,4118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 4118-speakers-4,4118,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981 (Wurm and Hattori)""}",,,bib67,no 4118-LEI-1,4118,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4118-vitality-1,4118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4118-LEI-2,4118,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4118-vitality-2,4118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4118-LEI-2,4118,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4118-vitality-2,4118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4118-LEI-3,4118,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4118-vitality-3,4118,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4119-context-1,4119,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa (school)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Izere, iBunu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Hausa is widespread and has largely driven out Tunzu in Kurfi and Magama. Apart from Hausa, Izere and iBunu are the commonly spoken second languages. Nonetheless, compared with some of the neighbouring languages, the Tunzu people are making an effort to ensure that the language is maintained. For example, they encourage Tunzu who migrate to the towns to send their children back to the village so that they will have at least a rudimentary command of the language. Children in the rural community all seem to be fairly fluent, despite the bias towards Hausa in the schools system. Nonetheless, there is no room for complacency as Hausa has made considerable inroads in the languages of their neighbours.",bib5486,yes -4119-location-1,4119,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9039, 9.1186]]}",,,bib5307,no -4119-location-2,4119,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Tunzu live in 5 villages in Jos East Local Government, Plateau State, with two settlements, Kurfi and Magama, in Toro LGA, Bauchi State. However, these latter two are highly Islamised and the language is largely lost to Hausa. Their main settlement, Gada, is marked on maps and other villages are very close."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.1], [10.016667, 9.116667]]}",,,bib5486,yes +4119-context-1,4119,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa (school)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Izere, iBunu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Hausa is widespread and has largely driven out Tunzu in Kurfi and Magama. Apart from Hausa, Izere and iBunu are the commonly spoken second languages. Nonetheless, compared with some of the neighbouring languages, the Tunzu people are making an effort to ensure that the language is maintained. For example, they encourage Tunzu who migrate to the towns to send their children back to the village so that they will have at least a rudimentary command of the language. Children in the rural community all seem to be fairly fluent, despite the bias towards Hausa in the schools system. Nonetheless, there is no room for complacency as Hausa has made considerable inroads in the languages of their neighbours.",bib5509,yes +4119-location-1,4119,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9039, 9.1186]]}",,,bib5330,no +4119-location-2,4119,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Tunzu live in 5 villages in Jos East Local Government, Plateau State, with two settlements, Kurfi and Magama, in Toro LGA, Bauchi State. However, these latter two are highly Islamised and the language is largely lost to Hausa. Their main settlement, Gada, is marked on maps and other villages are very close."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.033333, 9.1], [10.016667, 9.116667]]}",,,bib5509,yes 4119-location-3,4119,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau state, Jos East Local Government. 5 villages; Bauchi state, Toro LGA. 2 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -4119-speaker_number-1,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4119-speakers-1,4119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4119-speaker_number-2,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people’s own estimate of the number of speakers is 2500, which seems reasonable. There are probably another 2000 ethnic Tunzu who don’t speak the language.",bib5486,yes -4119-speakers-2,4119,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people’s own estimate of the number of speakers is 2500, which seems reasonable. There are probably another 2000 ethnic Tunzu who don’t speak the language.",bib5486,yes +4119-speaker_number-1,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4119-speakers-1,4119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4119-speaker_number-2,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The people’s own estimate of the number of speakers is 2500, which seems reasonable. There are probably another 2000 ethnic Tunzu who don’t speak the language.",bib5509,yes +4119-speakers-2,4119,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The people’s own estimate of the number of speakers is 2500, which seems reasonable. There are probably another 2000 ethnic Tunzu who don’t speak the language.",bib5509,yes 4119-speaker_number-3,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4119-speakers-3,4119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4119-speaker_number-4,4119,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data is from Blench (2003).,bib67,no 4119-speakers-4,4119,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data is from Blench (2003).,bib67,no -4119-LEI-1,4119,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4119-vitality-1,4119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4119-LEI-2,4119,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5486,yes -4119-transmission-2,4119,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5486,yes -4119-vitality-2,4119,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5486,yes +4119-LEI-1,4119,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4119-vitality-1,4119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4119-LEI-2,4119,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5509,yes +4119-transmission-2,4119,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5509,yes +4119-vitality-2,4119,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5509,yes 4119-LEI-3,4119,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4119-vitality-3,4119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4119-LEI-4,4119,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4119-vitality-4,4119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4120-context-1,4120,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,no -4120-location-1,4120,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.520083904, 142.5982513]]}",,,bib7945,no +4120-location-1,4120,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.520083904, 142.5982513]]}",,,bib7970,no 4120-location-2,4120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, southwest of Kombio; Sandaun Province, across Bongos river.""}",,,bib69,no -4120-location-3,4120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wambi, Yadagaro, and Yamegil villages.""}",,,bib4545,yes +4120-location-3,4120,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Wambi, Yadagaro, and Yamegil villages.""}",,,bib4566,yes 4120-speaker_number-1,4120,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4120-speakers-1,4120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""501"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4120-speaker_number-2,4120,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,0 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no 4120-speakers-2,4120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,0 monolinguals. (SIL),bib69,no -4120-speaker_number-3,4120,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -4120-speakers-3,4120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""394"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +4120-speaker_number-3,4120,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +4120-speakers-3,4120,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""394"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 4120-LEI-1,4120,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4120-vitality-1,4120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4120-LEI-2,4120,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4120-vitality-2,4120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4120-LEI-3,4120,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4120-vitality-3,4120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -4122-location-1,4122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.3131, 28.4243]]}",,,bib5307,no -4122-location-2,4122,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Sudan, West Kordofan on El Hugeirat Hills""}",,,bib6944,no +4120-LEI-3,4120,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4120-vitality-3,4120,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +4122-location-1,4122,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.3131, 28.4243]]}",,,bib5330,no +4122-location-2,4122,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Sudan, West Kordofan on El Hugeirat Hills""}",,,bib6968,no 4122-location-3,4122,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4122-speaker_number-1,4122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4122-speakers-1,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4122-speaker_number-2,4122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4122-speakers-2,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +4122-speaker_number-1,4122,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4122-speakers-1,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4122-speaker_number-2,4122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4122-speakers-2,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 4122-speaker_number-3,4122,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4122-speakers-3,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4122-speaker_number-4,4122,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,yes 4122-speakers-4,4122,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,yes -4122-LEI-1,4122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4122-vitality-1,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4122-LEI-2,4122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4122-vitality-2,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4122-LEI-1,4122,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4122-vitality-1,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4122-LEI-2,4122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4122-vitality-2,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4122-LEI-3,4122,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4122-vitality-3,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4122-LEI-4,4122,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4122-vitality-4,4122,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4123-location-1,4123,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4121, 30.6024]]}",,,bib5307,yes -4123-location-2,4123,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Sudan, Sothern Eliri range.""}",,,bib6944,no -4123-speaker_number-1,4123,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6576,no -4123-speakers-1,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6576,no -4123-speaker_number-2,4123,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -4123-speakers-2,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,513"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -4123-speaker_number-3,4123,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4123-speakers-3,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +4123-location-1,4123,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.4121, 30.6024]]}",,,bib5330,yes +4123-location-2,4123,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Sudan, Sothern Eliri range.""}",,,bib6968,no +4123-speaker_number-1,4123,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6600,no +4123-speakers-1,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6600,no +4123-speaker_number-2,4123,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +4123-speakers-2,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,513"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +4123-speaker_number-3,4123,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4123-speakers-3,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 4123-speaker_number-4,4123,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4123-speakers-4,4123,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4123-LEI-1,4123,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6576,no -4123-vitality-1,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6576,no -4123-LEI-2,4123,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4123-vitality-2,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -4123-LEI-3,4123,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4123-vitality-3,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4123-LEI-1,4123,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6600,no +4123-vitality-1,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6600,no +4123-LEI-2,4123,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4123-vitality-2,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +4123-LEI-3,4123,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4123-vitality-3,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4123-LEI-4,4123,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4123-vitality-4,4123,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4124-context-1,4124,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Samburu""}",,"The 4,000 ethnic Elmolo now speak Samburu, a Nilotic language",bib7615,no +4124-context-1,4124,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Samburu""}",,"The 4,000 ethnic Elmolo now speak Samburu, a Nilotic language",bib7640,no 4124-location-1,4124,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""]}",,,bib67,no -4124-location-2,4124,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""A minority of the Elmolo lives in the Division administrative centre of Loiyangalani, but the overwhelming majority inhabits two villages: Layieni (6 km.s North of Loiyangalani)... and Komote (13 km.s North of Loiyangalani)... Other Elmolo settle for at least a part of the year further North of Komote, especially in Palo (25 km.s North of Loiyangalani), where they fish and attend to the goats (no grazing is possible in Layieni and Komote). Finally, a section of the Elmolo is settled in an island off Ileret, 70 km.s South of the border with Ethiopia."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.826751, 36.696701], [2.855032, 36.692491]]}",,,bib7377,yes -4124-location-3,4124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.7212, 36.7326]]}",,,bib5307,no -4124-location-4,4124,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Kenya, Loiyangallani and Elmolo Bay on the southeastern side of Lake Turkana, Marsabit District.""}",,,bib6944,no +4124-location-2,4124,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""A minority of the Elmolo lives in the Division administrative centre of Loiyangalani, but the overwhelming majority inhabits two villages: Layieni (6 km.s North of Loiyangalani)... and Komote (13 km.s North of Loiyangalani)... Other Elmolo settle for at least a part of the year further North of Komote, especially in Palo (25 km.s North of Loiyangalani), where they fish and attend to the goats (no grazing is possible in Layieni and Komote). Finally, a section of the Elmolo is settled in an island off Ileret, 70 km.s South of the border with Ethiopia."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.826751, 36.696701], [2.855032, 36.692491]]}",,,bib7401,yes +4124-location-3,4124,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.7212, 36.7326]]}",,,bib5330,no +4124-location-4,4124,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Kenya, Loiyangallani and Elmolo Bay on the southeastern side of Lake Turkana, Marsabit District.""}",,,bib6968,no 4124-speaker_number-1,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 4124-speakers-1,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -4124-speakers-2,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"The Elmolo are a small community of fishers living in two settlements along the eastern shore of Lake Turkana, in northern Kenya. Although long considered “the smallest tribe of Kenya” and almost onthe verge of extinction, the Elmolo have actually been increasing in recent years: they number today approximately 700... The Elmolo shifted from an East Cushitic language we call Elmolo (ISO 639 code: elo) to their present Samburu during the first half of the 20th century... According to my informants (2010), the last 'good' speaker of Cushitic Elmolo, Kaayo, died in 1999.",bib7377,yes +4124-speakers-2,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,"The Elmolo are a small community of fishers living in two settlements along the eastern shore of Lake Turkana, in northern Kenya. Although long considered “the smallest tribe of Kenya” and almost onthe verge of extinction, the Elmolo have actually been increasing in recent years: they number today approximately 700... The Elmolo shifted from an East Cushitic language we call Elmolo (ISO 639 code: elo) to their present Samburu during the first half of the 20th century... According to my informants (2010), the last 'good' speaker of Cushitic Elmolo, Kaayo, died in 1999.",bib7401,yes 4124-speaker_number-3,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4124-speakers-3,4124,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4124-speaker_number-4,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6944,no -4124-speakers-4,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""538"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6944,no -4124-speaker_number-5,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7615,no -4124-speakers-5,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7615,no +4124-speaker_number-4,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6968,no +4124-speakers-4,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""538"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6968,no +4124-speaker_number-5,4124,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7640,no +4124-speakers-5,4124,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7640,no 4124-LEI-1,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4124-vitality-1,4124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4124-LEI-2,4124,LEI,Dormant (),,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7377,yes -4124-domains_of_use-2,4124,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7377,yes -4124-vitality-2,4124,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7377,yes +4124-LEI-2,4124,LEI,Dormant (),,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7401,yes +4124-domains_of_use-2,4124,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7401,yes +4124-vitality-2,4124,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"To be true, tads and bits of the old language are still in use: a good number of words belonging to basic vocabulary are still known among the elders, while possibly hundreds of words pertaining to fishing (from fish names and fish parts to fishing implements) – which were simply absent in the language of the pastoralist Samburu – have been grafted onto the 'new' Samburu language of the Elmolo. Finally, a few formulaic expressions in the old language are still used in songs, greetings and propitiatory rituals.",bib7401,yes 4124-LEI-3,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4124-vitality-3,4124,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4124-LEI-4,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4124-transmission-4,4124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6944,no -4124-vitality-4,4124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -4124-LEI-5,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -4124-transmission-5,4124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,no -4124-vitality-5,4124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,no +4124-LEI-4,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4124-transmission-4,4124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6968,no +4124-vitality-4,4124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +4124-LEI-5,4124,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +4124-transmission-5,4124,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,no +4124-vitality-5,4124,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,no 4126-context-1,4126,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurti [ktm]""}",,,bib69,yes 4126-location-1,4126,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Manus Province, Manus island north coast.""}",,,bib69,yes 4126-location-2,4126,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0, 147.1]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -43179,181 +43365,181 @@ Hindi."" (pg. 17)",bib7841,yes 4126-vitality-1,4126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4126-LEI-2,4126,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4126-vitality-2,4126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -4127-context-1,4127,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Neapli; Bantawa"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nepali is the national language and Bantawa is the lingua franca among the Rai people. Educated parents also want their children to be educated in English.,bib7495,yes -4127-location-1,4127,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5441, 87.1401]]}",,,bib5307,no -4127-location-2,4127,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasabha district in the eastern hills in Kosi Zone of Nepal.""}",,"spoken in Bala, Yaphu, Mangtewa, Tamku and Sisa VDCs",bib7495,yes +4127-context-1,4127,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Neapli; Bantawa"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nepali is the national language and Bantawa is the lingua franca among the Rai people. Educated parents also want their children to be educated in English.,bib7519,yes +4127-location-1,4127,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5441, 87.1401]]}",,,bib5330,no +4127-location-2,4127,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasabha district in the eastern hills in Kosi Zone of Nepal.""}",,"spoken in Bala, Yaphu, Mangtewa, Tamku and Sisa VDCs",bib7519,yes 4127-location-3,4127,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4127-speaker_number-1,4127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4127-speakers-1,4127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4127-speaker_number-2,4127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7495,yes -4127-speakers-2,4127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""904"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7495,yes +4127-speaker_number-1,4127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4127-speakers-1,4127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4127-speaker_number-2,4127,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7519,yes +4127-speakers-2,4127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""904"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7519,yes 4127-speakers-3,4127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000""}",,,bib67,no -4127-LEI-1,4127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4127-vitality-1,4127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4127-LEI-2,4127,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7495,yes -4127-speaker_number_trends-2,4127,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7495,yes -4127-vitality-2,4127,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7495,yes -4130-context-1,4130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Grammar""}",,,bib6829,yes -4130-context-2,4130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Tundra Enets""}",,"The last speakers are mainly trilingual, speaking also Russian and Tundra Nenets; interference from the latter two languages tends to influence what is left of native language skills in Forest Enets.",bib6475,no +4127-LEI-1,4127,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4127-vitality-1,4127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4127-LEI-2,4127,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7519,yes +4127-speaker_number_trends-2,4127,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7519,yes +4127-vitality-2,4127,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The speaker number is less than 0.01% of the total population according to the 2001 census.,bib7519,yes +4130-context-1,4130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Grammar""}",,,bib6853,yes +4130-context-2,4130,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Tundra Enets""}",,"The last speakers are mainly trilingual, speaking also Russian and Tundra Nenets; interference from the latter two languages tends to influence what is left of native language skills in Forest Enets.",bib6499,no 4130-location-1,4130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.5, 86.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4130-location-2,4130,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -4130-location-3,4130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.6836, 86.2727]]}",,,bib5307,no -4130-location-4,4130,location,"{""Places"": [""Krasnojarskij kraj, Russia""], ""Description"": ""...on the Lower Yenisei within the boundaries of the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Municipality District""}",,,bib6829,yes -4130-location-5,4130,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the forest zone on the lower Yenisei, within the Dudinka raion of the Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia; historically, the speakers of the idiom have gradually moved towards the north along the Yenisei basin; this movement has during the last 150 years involved a distance of approx. 500 kms""}",,,bib6475,no +4130-location-3,4130,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.6836, 86.2727]]}",,,bib5330,no +4130-location-4,4130,location,"{""Places"": [""Krasnojarskij kraj, Russia""], ""Description"": ""...on the Lower Yenisei within the boundaries of the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Municipality District""}",,,bib6853,yes +4130-location-5,4130,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the forest zone on the lower Yenisei, within the Dudinka raion of the Taimyr (Dolgano-Nenets) Autonomous District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia; historically, the speakers of the idiom have gradually moved towards the north along the Yenisei basin; this movement has during the last 150 years involved a distance of approx. 500 kms""}",,,bib6499,no 4130-speaker_number-1,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Of the 20 speakers, 15 are in Potapovo. Ethnic population: 198 with Tundra Enets (2002 census).",bib67,no 4130-speakers-1,4130,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""198"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Of the 20 speakers, 15 are in Potapovo. Ethnic population: 198 with Tundra Enets (2002 census).",bib67,no -4130-speaker_number-2,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4130-speakers-2,4130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4130-speaker_number-3,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The language is functionally extinct. Around 10 fluent speakers are left; the overall number of potential speakers is less than 40 individuals. All speakers are found in the generations of 50 years and older. The number of ethnic Forest Enets is currently unknown. Recent local statistics, which also include Tundra Enets indicate that there are around 160 individuals.",bib6829,yes -4130-speakers-3,4130,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~160 (includes Tundra Enets)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<30""}",,"The language is functionally extinct. Around 10 fluent speakers are left; the overall number of potential speakers is less than 40 individuals. All speakers are found in the generations of 50 years and older. The number of ethnic Forest Enets is currently unknown. Recent local statistics, which also include Tundra Enets indicate that there are around 160 individuals.",bib6829,yes -4130-speaker_number-4,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6475,no -4130-speakers-4,4130,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6475,no +4130-speaker_number-2,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4130-speakers-2,4130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4130-speaker_number-3,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The language is functionally extinct. Around 10 fluent speakers are left; the overall number of potential speakers is less than 40 individuals. All speakers are found in the generations of 50 years and older. The number of ethnic Forest Enets is currently unknown. Recent local statistics, which also include Tundra Enets indicate that there are around 160 individuals.",bib6853,yes +4130-speakers-3,4130,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~160 (includes Tundra Enets)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<30""}",,"The language is functionally extinct. Around 10 fluent speakers are left; the overall number of potential speakers is less than 40 individuals. All speakers are found in the generations of 50 years and older. The number of ethnic Forest Enets is currently unknown. Recent local statistics, which also include Tundra Enets indicate that there are around 160 individuals.",bib6853,yes +4130-speaker_number-4,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6499,no +4130-speakers-4,4130,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6499,no 4130-speaker_number-5,4130,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4130-speakers-5,4130,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4130-LEI-1,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4130-vitality-1,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4130-LEI-2,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4130-vitality-2,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4130-LEI-3,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6829,yes -4130-vitality-3,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6829,yes -4130-LEI-4,4130,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -4130-transmission-4,4130,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,no -4130-speaker_number_trends-4,4130,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,no -4130-vitality-4,4130,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no +4130-LEI-2,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4130-vitality-2,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4130-LEI-3,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6853,yes +4130-vitality-3,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6853,yes +4130-LEI-4,4130,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +4130-transmission-4,4130,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,no +4130-speaker_number_trends-4,4130,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,no +4130-vitality-4,4130,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no 4130-LEI-5,4130,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4130-vitality-5,4130,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4131-context-1,4131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Isoko"", ""Government Support"": ""Official support for use in education (not implemented in reality)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,There is a positive attitude towards the language. Those who speak it are very proud of it. This is not unconnected with the fact that [the] majority of the people in the community do not understand the language.,bib2143,yes -4131-location-1,4131,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main community of Erohwa speakers is located in Erohwa village in Isoko south local government area of Delta State and Anibeze community in Sagbama local government area of Bayelsa state.""}",,,bib2143,yes +4131-context-1,4131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Isoko"", ""Government Support"": ""Official support for use in education (not implemented in reality)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,There is a positive attitude towards the language. Those who speak it are very proud of it. This is not unconnected with the fact that [the] majority of the people in the community do not understand the language.,bib2156,yes +4131-location-1,4131,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main community of Erohwa speakers is located in Erohwa village in Isoko south local government area of Delta State and Anibeze community in Sagbama local government area of Bayelsa state.""}",,,bib2156,yes 4131-location-2,4131,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.155231, 6.034824]]}",,,bib67,no 4131-speaker_number-1,4131,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4131-speakers-1,4131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4131-speaker_number-2,4131,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2143,yes -4131-speakers-2,4131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~850""}",,,bib2143,yes +4131-speaker_number-2,4131,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2156,yes +4131-speakers-2,4131,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~850""}",,,bib2156,yes 4131-speaker_number-3,4131,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4131-speakers-3,4131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 4131-LEI-1,4131,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4131-vitality-1,4131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4131-LEI-2,4131,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2143,yes -4131-transmission-2,4131,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2143,yes -4131-domains_of_use-2,4131,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2143,yes -4131-vitality-2,4131,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2143,yes +4131-LEI-2,4131,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2156,yes +4131-transmission-2,4131,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2156,yes +4131-domains_of_use-2,4131,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2156,yes +4131-vitality-2,4131,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The younger generation are not proficient in the language. However, it seems to be the case that intergenerational transmission of the language ceased only a decade or two ago... although most speakers are already in their sixties or above, there are also speakers who are in their thirties. The main domain of use is the home, traditional meetings and church. However, there is a shift in the home front, as over 60% of the homes of indigenes do not communicate using Erohwa.",bib2156,yes 4131-LEI-3,4131,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4131-vitality-3,4131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4132-location-1,4132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.580519, 133.06175]]}",,,bib7945,no +4132-location-1,4132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.580519, 133.06175]]}",,,bib7970,no 4132-speaker_number-1,4132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4132-speakers-1,4132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4132-speaker_number-2,4132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4132-speakers-2,4132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4132-speaker_number-2,4132,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4132-speakers-2,4132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4132-LEI-1,4132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4132-vitality-1,4132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4132-LEI-2,4132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4132-vitality-2,4132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4133-context-2,4133,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains and daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Older Ersu speakers (typically above their sixties) are mostly trilingual (Ersu, SW Mandarin, Nuosu). Over the last three decades, most Ersu speakers have been bilingual using SW Mandarin in daily life. The current trend for the school-going generation is to become practically monolingual in Mandarin.",bib1694,yes -4133-location-1,4133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.7778, 102.1277]]}",,,bib5307,no -4133-location-2,4133,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, eastern Jiulong, Mianning, western Puge, Yuexi, and Ganluo and northern Muli counties""}",,,bib1205,no -4133-location-3,4133,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Five counties in Sichuan Province in the People\u2019s Republic of China: (i) Ganluo, and (ii) Yuexi counties of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, (iii) Shimian and (iv) Hanyuan counties of Ya\u2019an Municipality, and (iv) Jiulong, brgyad zur county of Ganzi, dkar mdzes Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.966069, 102.771749]]}",,,bib1694,yes +4132-LEI-2,4132,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4132-vitality-2,4132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4133-context-2,4133,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains and daily life""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwestern Mandarin; Nuosu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Older Ersu speakers (typically above their sixties) are mostly trilingual (Ersu, SW Mandarin, Nuosu). Over the last three decades, most Ersu speakers have been bilingual using SW Mandarin in daily life. The current trend for the school-going generation is to become practically monolingual in Mandarin.",bib1706,yes +4133-location-1,4133,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.7778, 102.1277]]}",,,bib5330,no +4133-location-2,4133,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, eastern Jiulong, Mianning, western Puge, Yuexi, and Ganluo and northern Muli counties""}",,,bib1214,no +4133-location-3,4133,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Five counties in Sichuan Province in the People\u2019s Republic of China: (i) Ganluo, and (ii) Yuexi counties of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, (iii) Shimian and (iv) Hanyuan counties of Ya\u2019an Municipality, and (iv) Jiulong, brgyad zur county of Ganzi, dkar mdzes Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.966069, 102.771749]]}",,,bib1706,yes 4133-location-4,4133,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4133-speaker_number-1,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4133-speakers-1,4133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4133-speaker_number-2,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,no -4133-speakers-2,4133,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,no -4133-speaker_number-3,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1694,yes -4133-speakers-3,4133,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16800 (Wang Dehe 2010)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1694,yes +4133-speaker_number-1,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4133-speakers-1,4133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4133-speaker_number-2,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,no +4133-speakers-2,4133,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,no +4133-speaker_number-3,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1706,yes +4133-speakers-3,4133,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16800 (Wang Dehe 2010)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1706,yes 4133-speaker_number-4,4133,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4133-speakers-4,4133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4133-speaker_number-5,4133,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"20,000 (Shearer and Sun 2002). 500 monolinguals. Ersu (Eastern Ersu, 13,000), Duoxu (Central Ersu, 3000), Lizu (Western Ersu, 4000).",bib67,no 4133-speakers-5,4133,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"20,000 (Shearer and Sun 2002). 500 monolinguals. Ersu (Eastern Ersu, 13,000), Duoxu (Central Ersu, 3000), Lizu (Western Ersu, 4000).",bib67,no -4133-LEI-1,4133,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4133-vitality-1,4133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4133-LEI-2,4133,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -4133-speaker_number_trends-2,4133,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,no -4133-vitality-2,4133,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no -4133-LEI-3,4133,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1694,yes -4133-transmission-3,4133,transmission,1,transmission-1,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1694,yes -4133-domains_of_use-3,4133,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1694,yes -4133-speaker_number_trends-3,4133,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1694,yes -4133-vitality-3,4133,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1694,yes +4133-LEI-1,4133,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4133-vitality-1,4133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4133-LEI-2,4133,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +4133-speaker_number_trends-2,4133,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,no +4133-vitality-2,4133,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no +4133-LEI-3,4133,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1706,yes +4133-transmission-3,4133,transmission,1,transmission-1,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1706,yes +4133-domains_of_use-3,4133,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1706,yes +4133-speaker_number_trends-3,4133,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1706,yes +4133-vitality-3,4133,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,fully proficient speakers are all in their 60s or older; children still learn the language at home. Ersu is essentially used as the primary language of oral communication in family and community events.,bib1706,yes 4133-LEI-4,4133,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4133-vitality-4,4133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4133-LEI-5,4133,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4133-vitality-5,4133,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4135-location-1,4135,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +4135-location-1,4135,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 4135-location-2,4135,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.73, 50.37]]}",,,bib75,no 4135-location-3,4135,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 4135-speakers-1,4135,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,yes -4142-context-1,4142,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Koryak"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6475,yes +4142-context-1,4142,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Yakut, Koryak"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6499,yes 4142-context-2,4142,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Even is low-prestige compared to Russian""}",,,bib213,no 4142-location-1,4142,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[68.0, 130.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4142-location-2,4142,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -4142-location-3,4142,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.6593, 134.6594]]}",,,bib5307,no -4142-location-4,4142,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in northwestern Siberia, from the Lena to the Anadyr', with a small diaspora group in the Bystraya region of central Kamchatka""}",,,bib6475,yes +4142-location-3,4142,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.6593, 134.6594]]}",,,bib5330,no +4142-location-4,4142,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in northwestern Siberia, from the Lena to the Anadyr', with a small diaspora group in the Bystraya region of central Kamchatka""}",,,bib6499,yes 4142-speaker_number-1,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4142-speakers-1,4142,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,071"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4142-speaker_number-2,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4142-speakers-2,4142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,168"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4142-speaker_number-3,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -4142-speakers-3,4142,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes +4142-speaker_number-2,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4142-speakers-2,4142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,168"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4142-speaker_number-3,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +4142-speakers-3,4142,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes 4142-speaker_number-4,4142,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4142-speakers-4,4142,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,543"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4142-speaker_number-5,4142,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib213,no 4142-speakers-5,4142,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,199"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,803"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib213,no 4142-LEI-1,4142,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4142-vitality-1,4142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4142-LEI-2,4142,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4142-vitality-2,4142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4142-LEI-3,4142,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -4142-transmission-3,4142,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,yes -4142-speaker_number_trends-3,4142,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,yes -4142-vitality-3,4142,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes +4142-LEI-2,4142,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4142-vitality-2,4142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4142-LEI-3,4142,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +4142-transmission-3,4142,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,yes +4142-speaker_number_trends-3,4142,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,yes +4142-vitality-3,4142,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes 4142-LEI-4,4142,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4142-vitality-4,4142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4142-LEI-5,4142,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 4142-vitality-5,4142,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -4144-location-1,4144,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.228442, 10.623221]]}",,,bib981,yes +4144-location-1,4144,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.228442, 10.623221]]}",,,bib985,yes 4144-location-2,4144,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""South Taraba state, Falinga Plateau region"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.0, 10.0]]}",,,bib67,no -4144-speaker_number-1,4144,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The first edition of the Index of Nigerian Languages listed [Fali of Baissa] as extinct... Further investigations have established the status of [Fali of Baissa]: Spoken by a few individuals on the Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State.,bib981,yes -4144-speakers-1,4144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The first edition of the Index of Nigerian Languages listed [Fali of Baissa] as extinct... Further investigations have established the status of [Fali of Baissa]: Spoken by a few individuals on the Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State.,bib981,yes +4144-speaker_number-1,4144,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The first edition of the Index of Nigerian Languages listed [Fali of Baissa] as extinct... Further investigations have established the status of [Fali of Baissa]: Spoken by a few individuals on the Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State.,bib985,yes +4144-speakers-1,4144,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The first edition of the Index of Nigerian Languages listed [Fali of Baissa] as extinct... Further investigations have established the status of [Fali of Baissa]: Spoken by a few individuals on the Falinga Plateau in southern Taraba State.,bib985,yes 4144-speakers-2,4144,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1992""}",,Few left (Crozier and Blench 1992),bib67,no -4144-LEI-1,4144,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,yes -4144-vitality-1,4144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,yes -4147-context-1,4147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Norwegian, S\u00e1mi"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected by the European Charter for Minority And Regional Languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Increasingly positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""School programs (under the name \""Finnish\""), several institutes, organizations, festivals"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Kven Language Council, Norwegian Kven Organisation, Kven Institute in Børselv, Halti Kvenkultursenter in Nordreisa, holidays Baaskifestivalen and Kipparinfestivaale",bib4410,yes -4147-location-1,4147,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Norway""]}",,,bib4410,yes +4144-LEI-1,4144,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,yes +4144-vitality-1,4144,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,yes +4147-context-1,4147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Norwegian, S\u00e1mi"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected by the European Charter for Minority And Regional Languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Increasingly positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""School programs (under the name \""Finnish\""), several institutes, organizations, festivals"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Kven Language Council, Norwegian Kven Organisation, Kven Institute in Børselv, Halti Kvenkultursenter in Nordreisa, holidays Baaskifestivalen and Kipparinfestivaale",bib4431,yes +4147-location-1,4147,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Norway""]}",,,bib4431,yes 4147-location-2,4147,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[69.38, 29.54]]}",,,bib75,no 4147-location-3,4147,location,"{""Places"": [""Norway""]}",,,bib67,no 4147-speaker_number-1,4147,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4147-speakers-1,4147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4147-speaker_number-2,4147,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The majority of Kven speakers (mostly 60 years old and older) use the Kven language as their everyday language, and no signs of attrition are visible among them (Lane 2010.) Middle-aged Kvens, on the other hand, have often only a passive knowledge of the language, though some are able to use the language to a limited extent with, for example, Finnish tourists and use Kven as a code language. Young people (under 30 years old) rarely speak Kven, but nowadays children in Børselv can learn Kven in their primary school. ",bib4410,yes -4147-speakers-2,4147,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000-50,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500-10,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The majority of Kven speakers (mostly 60 years old and older) use the Kven language as their everyday language, and no signs of attrition are visible among them (Lane 2010.) Middle-aged Kvens, on the other hand, have often only a passive knowledge of the language, though some are able to use the language to a limited extent with, for example, Finnish tourists and use Kven as a code language. Young people (under 30 years old) rarely speak Kven, but nowadays children in Børselv can learn Kven in their primary school. ",bib4410,yes +4147-speaker_number-2,4147,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The majority of Kven speakers (mostly 60 years old and older) use the Kven language as their everyday language, and no signs of attrition are visible among them (Lane 2010.) Middle-aged Kvens, on the other hand, have often only a passive knowledge of the language, though some are able to use the language to a limited extent with, for example, Finnish tourists and use Kven as a code language. Young people (under 30 years old) rarely speak Kven, but nowadays children in Børselv can learn Kven in their primary school. ",bib4431,yes +4147-speakers-2,4147,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000-50,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500-10,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The majority of Kven speakers (mostly 60 years old and older) use the Kven language as their everyday language, and no signs of attrition are visible among them (Lane 2010.) Middle-aged Kvens, on the other hand, have often only a passive knowledge of the language, though some are able to use the language to a limited extent with, for example, Finnish tourists and use Kven as a code language. Young people (under 30 years old) rarely speak Kven, but nowadays children in Børselv can learn Kven in their primary school. ",bib4431,yes 4147-speakers-3,4147,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998""}",,"6,500 (1998 The Federation of Norwegian Kven People).",bib67,no 4147-LEI-1,4147,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4147-vitality-1,4147,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4147-LEI-2,4147,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4410,yes -4147-transmission-2,4147,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4410,yes -4147-domains_of_use-2,4147,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4410,yes -4147-speaker_number_trends-2,4147,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4410,yes -4147-vitality-2,4147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4410,yes +4147-LEI-2,4147,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4431,yes +4147-transmission-2,4147,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4431,yes +4147-domains_of_use-2,4147,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4431,yes +4147-speaker_number_trends-2,4147,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4431,yes +4147-vitality-2,4147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The number of people who are able to speak Kven fluently, as native speakers, decreases as older people continue to pass away. Nevertheless, Kven is still used daily by the elderly.",bib4431,yes 4148-context-1,4148,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Classes, revival programs, dictionary, grammar""}",,"Flathead dialect classes in some reservation schools and at the tribal college. Language camp in the summer. Kalispel Tribe has begun documentation and revitalization program."" Spokane: ""Language revival program is expanding to provide instruction at all grade levels in the reservation school.",bib70,no 4148-location-1,4148,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.0, -117.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4148-location-2,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana, Washington""]}",,"Northeast Washington, Kalispel Reservation; northwest Montana, Flathead Reservation.",bib70,no -4148-location-3,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5944, -114.1182]]}",,,bib5307,no -4148-location-4,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""]}",,,bib5217,yes -4148-location-5,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5944, -114.1182]]}",,,bib1709,no +4148-location-3,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5944, -114.1182]]}",,,bib5330,no +4148-location-4,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""]}",,,bib5240,yes +4148-location-5,4148,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Montana""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5944, -114.1182]]}",,,bib1721,no 4148-speaker_number-1,4148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,58 in Salish and Pend d’Oreille; 4 in Kalispel; 2 Spokane.,bib70,no 4148-speakers-1,4148,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""66"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few""}",,58 in Salish and Pend d’Oreille; 4 in Kalispel; 2 Spokane.,bib70,no -4148-speaker_number-2,4148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4148-speakers-2,4148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4148-speaker_number-3,4148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number: 70 (?),bib5217,yes -4148-speakers-3,4148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number: 70 (?),bib5217,yes +4148-speaker_number-2,4148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4148-speakers-2,4148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4148-speaker_number-3,4148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number: 70 (?),bib5240,yes +4148-speakers-3,4148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number: 70 (?),bib5240,yes 4148-speaker_number-4,4148,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4148-speakers-4,4148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4148-LEI-1,4148,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to English. Older adults only.,bib70,no 4148-transmission-1,4148,transmission,5,transmission-5,Shifting to English. Older adults only.,bib70,no 4148-vitality-1,4148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to English. Older adults only.,bib70,no -4148-LEI-2,4148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4148-vitality-2,4148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4148-LEI-3,4148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spokane-Kalispel is spoken in 3 major dialects: (1) Spokane dialect (It has only 2 fluent first-language speakers, a married couple in their 70s; (2) Flathead dialect (also known as Montana Salish) (about 60 fluent first-language speakers of Flathead, one in his 40s, another about 55, all others 65 or older). A sub-dialect is said to characterize Flathead speakers of Pend d’Oreille descent. (3) Kalispel dialect (a few speakers, information is scant). (Golla et al. 2008.)",bib5217,yes -4148-vitality-3,4148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Spokane-Kalispel is spoken in 3 major dialects: (1) Spokane dialect (It has only 2 fluent first-language speakers, a married couple in their 70s; (2) Flathead dialect (also known as Montana Salish) (about 60 fluent first-language speakers of Flathead, one in his 40s, another about 55, all others 65 or older). A sub-dialect is said to characterize Flathead speakers of Pend d’Oreille descent. (3) Kalispel dialect (a few speakers, information is scant). (Golla et al. 2008.)",bib5217,yes +4148-LEI-2,4148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4148-vitality-2,4148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4148-LEI-3,4148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spokane-Kalispel is spoken in 3 major dialects: (1) Spokane dialect (It has only 2 fluent first-language speakers, a married couple in their 70s; (2) Flathead dialect (also known as Montana Salish) (about 60 fluent first-language speakers of Flathead, one in his 40s, another about 55, all others 65 or older). A sub-dialect is said to characterize Flathead speakers of Pend d’Oreille descent. (3) Kalispel dialect (a few speakers, information is scant). (Golla et al. 2008.)",bib5240,yes +4148-vitality-3,4148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Spokane-Kalispel is spoken in 3 major dialects: (1) Spokane dialect (It has only 2 fluent first-language speakers, a married couple in their 70s; (2) Flathead dialect (also known as Montana Salish) (about 60 fluent first-language speakers of Flathead, one in his 40s, another about 55, all others 65 or older). A sub-dialect is said to characterize Flathead speakers of Pend d’Oreille descent. (3) Kalispel dialect (a few speakers, information is scant). (Golla et al. 2008.)",bib5240,yes 4148-LEI-4,4148,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4148-vitality-4,4148,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4149-location-1,4149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.05, 139.21]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -43366,18 +43552,18 @@ Spokane: ""Language revival program is expanding to provide instruction at all g 4149-vitality-1,4149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4149-LEI-2,4149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4149-vitality-2,4149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4150-location-1,4150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.17091978, 144.2456751]]}",,,bib1182,no -4150-speakers-1,4150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Very unlikely that any speakers remain.,bib1182,no +4150-location-1,4150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.17091978, 144.2456751]]}",,,bib1191,no +4150-speakers-1,4150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely Dormant""}",,Very unlikely that any speakers remain.,bib1191,no 4150-speaker_number-2,4150,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4150-speakers-2,4150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4150-speaker_number-3,4150,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4150-speakers-3,4150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -4150-LEI-1,4150,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -4150-vitality-1,4150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +4150-speaker_number-3,4150,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4150-speakers-3,4150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +4150-LEI-1,4150,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +4150-vitality-1,4150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 4150-LEI-2,4150,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4150-vitality-2,4150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4150-LEI-3,4150,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4150-vitality-3,4150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4150-LEI-3,4150,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4150-vitality-3,4150,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4155-location-1,4155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.2, 145.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4155-location-2,4155,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Mariana Islands""]}",,,bib67,yes 4155-speaker_number-1,4155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -43388,159 +43574,159 @@ Spokane: ""Language revival program is expanding to provide instruction at all g 4155-vitality-1,4155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4155-LEI-2,4155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4155-vitality-2,4155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4156-context-1,4156,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bolivian Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""an official language of Bolivia"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Few non-Ch\u00e1kobo are permitted to live in their villages"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ch\u00e1kobo Institute of Language and Culture""}",,,bib7183,yes +4156-context-1,4156,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bolivian Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""an official language of Bolivia"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Few non-Ch\u00e1kobo are permitted to live in their villages"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ch\u00e1kobo Institute of Language and Culture""}",,,bib7207,yes 4156-location-1,4156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.1666666667, -66.75]]}",,,bib216,no -4156-location-2,4156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3454, -65.8135]]}",,,bib2680,no -4156-location-3,4156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3454, -65.8135]]}",,,bib5307,no +4156-location-2,4156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3454, -65.8135]]}",,,bib2693,no +4156-location-3,4156,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.3454, -65.8135]]}",,,bib5330,no 4156-location-4,4156,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,"Chácobo: Northwest Beni, south of Riberalta on Alto Ivon River, Alto Ivon, Nuevo Mojos, California, Núcleo, Motacusal, Siete Almendros, Cayuses. Pacahuara: Beni Department, Vaca Díez province, near the Chácobo community of Alto Ivon.",bib68,no -4156-location-5,4156,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,Most in Tierra Comunitaria del Origen 'Chacobo-Pacaguara',bib1953,no -4156-location-6,4156,location,"{""Places"": [""On or near the rivers of Geneshuaya, Ivon, Benicito, and Yata in the Tierra Comunitaria de Origen (TCO) of Beni in the northern Bolivian Amazon"", ""some relocation to Riberalta, Bolivia since the 1990s""], ""Coordinates"": [[-11.78, -66.35], [-11.31, -65.66], [-11.01, -66.06]]}",,,bib7183,yes -4156-speaker_number-1,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4156-speakers-1,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4156-location-5,4156,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,Most in Tierra Comunitaria del Origen 'Chacobo-Pacaguara',bib1965,no +4156-location-6,4156,location,"{""Places"": [""On or near the rivers of Geneshuaya, Ivon, Benicito, and Yata in the Tierra Comunitaria de Origen (TCO) of Beni in the northern Bolivian Amazon"", ""some relocation to Riberalta, Bolivia since the 1990s""], ""Coordinates"": [[-11.78, -66.35], [-11.31, -65.66], [-11.01, -66.06]]}",,,bib7207,yes +4156-speaker_number-1,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4156-speakers-1,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4156-speaker_number-2,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4156-speakers-2,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4156-speaker_number-3,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Chácobo [cao]: 550 (2000 SIL). 275 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,090 (2006 PIB). L2 users: Bolivian non-Chacobo children at Alto Ivon learn Chácobo. Pacahuara [pcp]: 17 (Adelaar 2000). Ethnic population: 18 (Adelaar 2000).",bib68,no 4156-speakers-3,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""567"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Chácobo [cao]: 550 (2000 SIL). 275 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,090 (2006 PIB). L2 users: Bolivian non-Chacobo children at Alto Ivon learn Chácobo. Pacahuara [pcp]: 17 (Adelaar 2000). Ethnic population: 18 (Adelaar 2000).",bib68,no -4156-speaker_number-4,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""los chacobos son alrededor de un millar"" (p. 29)",bib1953,no -4156-speakers-4,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""los chacobos son alrededor de un millar"" (p. 29)",bib1953,no -4156-speaker_number-5,4156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7183,yes -4156-speakers-5,4156,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600-2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200-1,400 total; 300-400 in Riberalta"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7183,yes -4156-LEI-1,4156,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4156-vitality-1,4156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4156-speaker_number-4,4156,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""los chacobos son alrededor de un millar"" (p. 29)",bib1965,no +4156-speakers-4,4156,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""los chacobos son alrededor de un millar"" (p. 29)",bib1965,no +4156-speaker_number-5,4156,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7207,yes +4156-speakers-5,4156,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600-2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200-1,400 total; 300-400 in Riberalta"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7207,yes +4156-LEI-1,4156,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4156-vitality-1,4156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4156-LEI-2,4156,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4156-vitality-2,4156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4156-LEI-3,4156,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 4156-vitality-3,4156,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 4156-LEI-4,4156,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""los niños son monolingües hasta alcanzar la edad escolar. Los adultos son en buena parte bilingües (más los varones que las mujeres"" (p. 29). -[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1953,no +[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1965,no 4156-transmission-4,4156,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""los niños son monolingües hasta alcanzar la edad escolar. Los adultos son en buena parte bilingües (más los varones que las mujeres"" (p. 29). -[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1953,no +[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1965,no 4156-vitality-4,4156,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""los niños son monolingües hasta alcanzar la edad escolar. Los adultos son en buena parte bilingües (más los varones que las mujeres"" (p. 29). -[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1953,no -4156-LEI-5,4156,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7183,yes -4156-transmission-5,4156,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7183,yes -4156-domains_of_use-5,4156,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib7183,yes -4156-speaker_number_trends-5,4156,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7183,yes -4156-vitality-5,4156,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7183,yes -4157-location-1,4157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2549, 93.1022]]}",,,bib5307,no +[the children are monolingual until they reach school age. The adults are in large parte bilingual (more the men than the women)].",bib1965,no +4156-LEI-5,4156,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7207,yes +4156-transmission-5,4156,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7207,yes +4156-domains_of_use-5,4156,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib7207,yes +4156-speaker_number_trends-5,4156,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib7207,yes +4156-vitality-5,4156,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7207,yes +4157-location-1,4157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2549, 93.1022]]}",,,bib5330,no 4157-location-2,4157,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""North Nicobar Islands, Car Island""}",,,bib67,yes 4157-location-3,4157,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0, 93.0]]}",,,bib216,no -4157-speaker_number-1,4157,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4157-speakers-1,4157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4157-speaker_number-1,4157,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4157-speakers-1,4157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4157-speaker_number-2,4157,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4157-speakers-2,4157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4157-speaker_number-3,4157,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4157-speakers-3,4157,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4157-LEI-1,4157,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4157-vitality-1,4157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4157-LEI-1,4157,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4157-vitality-1,4157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4157-LEI-2,4157,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used as a lingua franca in the Nicobar Islands.,bib67,yes 4157-vitality-2,4157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Used as a lingua franca in the Nicobar Islands.,bib67,yes 4157-LEI-3,4157,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4157-vitality-3,4157,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4159-context-1,4159,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7615,yes +4159-context-1,4159,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7640,yes 4159-location-1,4159,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -4159-location-2,4159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.2702, -16.1553]]}",,,bib5307,no -4159-location-3,4159,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Description"": ""Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; near Felupe. \""Welmers (1971) suggests Portuguese Guinea, i.e. Guinea Bissau as area of distribution.\""""}",,,bib6944,no +4159-location-2,4159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.2702, -16.1553]]}",,,bib5330,no +4159-location-3,4159,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Description"": ""Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; near Felupe. \""Welmers (1971) suggests Portuguese Guinea, i.e. Guinea Bissau as area of distribution.\""""}",,,bib6968,no 4159-speaker_number-1,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4159-speakers-1,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4159-speaker_number-2,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4159-speakers-2,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4159-speaker_number-2,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4159-speakers-2,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4159-speaker_number-3,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4159-speakers-3,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4159-speaker_number-4,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4159-speakers-4,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4159-speaker_number-5,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1685,no -4159-speakers-5,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1685,no -4159-speaker_number-6,4159,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There may be a few elderly speakers left.,bib7615,yes -4159-speakers-6,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There may be a few elderly speakers left.,bib7615,yes +4159-speaker_number-4,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4159-speakers-4,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4159-speaker_number-5,4159,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1697,no +4159-speakers-5,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1697,no +4159-speaker_number-6,4159,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There may be a few elderly speakers left.,bib7640,yes +4159-speakers-6,4159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,There may be a few elderly speakers left.,bib7640,yes 4159-LEI-1,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4159-vitality-1,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4159-LEI-2,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4159-vitality-2,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4159-LEI-2,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4159-vitality-2,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4159-LEI-3,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4159-vitality-3,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4159-LEI-4,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4159-vitality-4,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4159-LEI-5,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -4159-vitality-5,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -4159-LEI-6,4159,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4159-transmission-6,4159,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,yes -4159-vitality-6,4159,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes -4160-location-1,4160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.5947, 103.5653]]}",,,bib5307,no +4159-LEI-4,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4159-vitality-4,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4159-LEI-5,4159,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +4159-vitality-5,4159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +4159-LEI-6,4159,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4159-transmission-6,4159,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,yes +4159-vitality-6,4159,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes +4160-location-1,4160,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.5947, 103.5653]]}",,,bib5330,no 4160-location-2,4160,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,yes -4160-speaker_number-1,4160,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4160-speakers-1,4160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4160-speaker_number-1,4160,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4160-speakers-1,4160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4160-speaker_number-2,4160,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4160-speakers-2,4160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4160-speaker_number-3,4160,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 4160-speakers-3,4160,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""154,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes -4160-LEI-1,4160,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4160-vitality-1,4160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4160-LEI-1,4160,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4160-vitality-1,4160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4160-LEI-2,4160,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4160-vitality-2,4160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4160-LEI-3,4160,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4160-vitality-3,4160,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4161-context-1,4161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dijim"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib980,yes -4161-location-1,4161,location,"{""Places"": [""Gombe State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Balanga LGA, Gombe State. Cham town."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.88904, 11.751045]]}",,,bib980,yes +4161-context-1,4161,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dijim"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib984,yes +4161-location-1,4161,location,"{""Places"": [""Gombe State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Balanga LGA, Gombe State. Cham town."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.88904, 11.751045]]}",,,bib984,yes 4161-location-2,4161,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 4161-speaker_number-1,4161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4161-speakers-1,4161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4161-speaker_number-2,4161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,A small number of old people among the Dijim speak this language,bib980,yes -4161-speakers-2,4161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,A small number of old people among the Dijim speak this language,bib980,yes -4161-speaker_number-3,4161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Jalaa no longer exist as a distinct ethnic group. Jalaa is a language spoken by perhaps twenty elderly individuals among the Cham people of northeast Nigeria (Kleinwillinghöfer).,bib985,no -4161-speakers-3,4161,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,The Jalaa no longer exist as a distinct ethnic group. Jalaa is a language spoken by perhaps twenty elderly individuals among the Cham people of northeast Nigeria (Kleinwillinghöfer).,bib985,no +4161-speaker_number-2,4161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,A small number of old people among the Dijim speak this language,bib984,yes +4161-speakers-2,4161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,A small number of old people among the Dijim speak this language,bib984,yes +4161-speaker_number-3,4161,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The Jalaa no longer exist as a distinct ethnic group. Jalaa is a language spoken by perhaps twenty elderly individuals among the Cham people of northeast Nigeria (Kleinwillinghöfer).,bib989,no +4161-speakers-3,4161,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20""}",,The Jalaa no longer exist as a distinct ethnic group. Jalaa is a language spoken by perhaps twenty elderly individuals among the Cham people of northeast Nigeria (Kleinwillinghöfer).,bib989,no 4161-speaker_number-4,4161,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4161-speakers-4,4161,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 4161-LEI-1,4161,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4161-vitality-1,4161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4161-LEI-2,4161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -4161-transmission-2,4161,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib980,yes -4161-vitality-2,4161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib980,yes -4161-LEI-3,4161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no -4161-transmission-3,4161,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib985,no -4161-vitality-3,4161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib985,no +4161-LEI-2,4161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +4161-transmission-2,4161,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib984,yes +4161-vitality-2,4161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib984,yes +4161-LEI-3,4161,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib989,no +4161-transmission-3,4161,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib989,no +4161-vitality-3,4161,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib989,no 4161-LEI-4,4161,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4161-vitality-4,4161,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4163-location-1,4163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.2832, -95.857]]}",,,bib5307,no +4163-location-1,4163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.2832, -95.857]]}",,,bib5330,no 4163-location-2,4163,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.25, -95.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4163-location-3,4163,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no 4163-speaker_number-1,4163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(INEGI 2005:35),bib163,yes 4163-speakers-1,4163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,413"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(INEGI 2005:35),bib163,yes -4163-speaker_number-2,4163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4163-speakers-2,4163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,410"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4163-speaker_number-2,4163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4163-speakers-2,4163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,410"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4163-speaker_number-3,4163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4163-speakers-3,4163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4163-speaker_number-4,4163,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4163-speakers-4,4163,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 4163-LEI-1,4163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib163,yes 4163-vitality-1,4163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,yes -4163-LEI-2,4163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4163-vitality-2,4163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4163-LEI-2,4163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4163-vitality-2,4163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4163-LEI-3,4163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4163-vitality-3,4163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4163-LEI-4,4163,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4163-vitality-4,4163,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4167-context-4,4167,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -4167-context-5,4167,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""... Chinuk Wawa has for some time been one of the markers of a specifically Pacific Northwest ethos and a sense of a regional 'cool' (and not only among people of Native American heritage); names taken from Chinuk Wawa ... are used to name stores and other businesses, for example.""}",,,bib3031,yes -4167-location-1,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Chinuk Wawa originated on the lower Columbia River, where it once was the predominant medium of intertribal and interethnic communication.""}",,,bib6036,no -4167-location-2,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib881,no -4167-location-3,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib443,no +4167-context-5,4167,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""... Chinuk Wawa has for some time been one of the markers of a specifically Pacific Northwest ethos and a sense of a regional 'cool' (and not only among people of Native American heritage); names taken from Chinuk Wawa ... are used to name stores and other businesses, for example.""}",,,bib3045,yes +4167-location-1,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Chinuk Wawa originated on the lower Columbia River, where it once was the predominant medium of intertribal and interethnic communication.""}",,,bib6060,no +4167-location-2,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib885,no +4167-location-3,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""]}",,,bib444,no 4167-location-4,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia""}",,,bib67,no 4167-location-5,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,"Oregon: Polk and Yamhill counties, Grand Ronde reservation.",bib70,no -4167-location-6,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""], ""Description"": ""Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia""}",,"The region where Chinuk Wawa was used comprises at least most of Washington State (especially the area west of the Cascade Mountains), western parts of Oregon and of southern British Columbia, and later (and less densely) also the British Columbian coast as far as south-eastern Alaska, eastern Oregon, northern and western parts of Idaho and western Montana, and the northernmost tier of western counties in California.",bib3031,yes -4167-location-7,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, Pacific Northwest""}",,,bib5217,no -4167-location-8,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.0591, -123.6091]]}",,,bib1709,no +4167-location-6,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Canada""], ""Description"": ""Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia""}",,"The region where Chinuk Wawa was used comprises at least most of Washington State (especially the area west of the Cascade Mountains), western parts of Oregon and of southern British Columbia, and later (and less densely) also the British Columbian coast as far as south-eastern Alaska, eastern Oregon, northern and western parts of Idaho and western Montana, and the northernmost tier of western counties in California.",bib3045,yes +4167-location-7,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oregon""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, Pacific Northwest""}",,,bib5240,no +4167-location-8,4167,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.0591, -123.6091]]}",,,bib1721,no 4167-speaker_number-1,4167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There were 83 speakers in Canada in 1962.,bib67,no 4167-speakers-1,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1962"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There were 83 speakers in Canada in 1962.,bib67,no 4167-speaker_number-2,4167,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,1 (Grant 2013).,bib70,no 4167-speakers-2,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,1 (Grant 2013).,bib70,no -4167-speaker_number-3,4167,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"One native speaker of Grand Ronde variety (2009); maybe 1,000 people with L2 knowledge (via oral or written means)",bib3031,yes -4167-speakers-3,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,000""}",,"One native speaker of Grand Ronde variety (2009); maybe 1,000 people with L2 knowledge (via oral or written means)",bib3031,yes -4167-speaker_number-4,4167,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Still occasionally used by a few.,bib5217,no -4167-speakers-4,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Still occasionally used by a few.,bib5217,no +4167-speaker_number-3,4167,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"One native speaker of Grand Ronde variety (2009); maybe 1,000 people with L2 knowledge (via oral or written means)",bib3045,yes +4167-speakers-3,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,000""}",,"One native speaker of Grand Ronde variety (2009); maybe 1,000 people with L2 knowledge (via oral or written means)",bib3045,yes +4167-speaker_number-4,4167,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Still occasionally used by a few.,bib5240,no +4167-speakers-4,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Still occasionally used by a few.,bib5240,no 4167-speaker_number-5,4167,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4167-speakers-5,4167,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4167-LEI-1,4167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -43549,14 +43735,14 @@ Pacahuara [pcp]: 17 (Adelaar 2000). Ethnic population: 18 (Adelaar 2000).",bib68 4167-transmission-2,4167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 4167-speaker_number_trends-2,4167,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 4167-vitality-2,4167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -4167-LEI-3,4167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3031,yes -4167-transmission-3,4167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3031,yes -4167-vitality-3,4167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3031,yes -4167-LEI-4,4167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -4167-vitality-4,4167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +4167-LEI-3,4167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3045,yes +4167-transmission-3,4167,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3045,yes +4167-vitality-3,4167,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3045,yes +4167-LEI-4,4167,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +4167-vitality-4,4167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 4167-LEI-5,4167,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4167-vitality-5,4167,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4169-location-1,4169,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.192264, -92.795103]]}",,,bib7945,no +4169-location-1,4169,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.192264, -92.795103]]}",,,bib7970,no 4169-location-2,4169,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no 4169-speaker_number-1,4169,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4169-speakers-1,4169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no @@ -43569,20 +43755,20 @@ Pacahuara [pcp]: 17 (Adelaar 2000). Ethnic population: 18 (Adelaar 2000).",bib68 4169-vitality-2,4169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib25,yes 4169-LEI-3,4169,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4169-vitality-3,4169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4171-location-1,4171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0706, -93.6677]]}",,,bib1709,no -4171-location-2,4171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0706, -93.6677]]}",,,bib5307,no +4171-location-1,4171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0706, -93.6677]]}",,,bib1721,no +4171-location-2,4171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0706, -93.6677]]}",,,bib5330,no 4171-location-3,4171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.6666666667, -92.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4171-location-4,4171,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Upper Michigan west to North Dakota""}",,,bib67,yes -4171-speaker_number-1,4171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4171-speakers-1,4171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4171-speaker_number-1,4171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4171-speakers-1,4171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4171-speaker_number-2,4171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4171-speakers-2,4171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4171-speaker_number-3,4171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic population: 103,826 in USA (1990 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,yes 4171-speakers-3,4171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic population: 103,826 in USA (1990 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,yes -4171-LEI-1,4171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4171-vitality-1,4171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4171-LEI-1,4171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4171-vitality-1,4171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4171-LEI-2,4171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4171-vitality-2,4171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4171-LEI-3,4171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -43590,77 +43776,77 @@ Pacahuara [pcp]: 17 (Adelaar 2000). Ethnic population: 18 (Adelaar 2000).",bib68 4172-location-1,4172,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,"East coastal region, Sucre State. East coastal region.",bib68,no -4172-location-2,4172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4172-location-2,4172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, -64.0942]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4172-speaker_number-1,4172,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Chaima [ciy]: 63 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 4,090 (2013). Cumanagoto [cuo]: 49 (2001 census). Ethnic population: 530 (2013).",bib68,no 4172-speakers-1,4172,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4090"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""63"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Chaima [ciy]: 63 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 4,090 (2013). Cumanagoto [cuo]: 49 (2001 census). Ethnic population: 530 (2013).",bib68,no 4172-LEI-1,4172,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 4172-vitality-1,4172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -4173-context-1,4173,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""formal domains or when talking about technical or socioculturlal topics""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Almost all the Phang Rang Cham speakers are bilingual in Cham and Vietnamese. The schooling system and the official language in Vietnam is Vietnamese which has influenced Phang Rang Cham in terms of lexicon, syntax and phonology.",bib1315,yes +4173-context-1,4173,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""formal domains or when talking about technical or socioculturlal topics""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Almost all the Phang Rang Cham speakers are bilingual in Cham and Vietnamese. The schooling system and the official language in Vietnam is Vietnamese which has influenced Phang Rang Cham in terms of lexicon, syntax and phonology.",bib1324,yes 4173-context-2,4173,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Vietnamese used in official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese (the official language)"", ""Government Support"": ""yes (though not effective)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral or negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,Phan Rang Cham speakers have developed teaching materials.,bib164,no 4173-location-1,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4173-location-2,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""the provinces of Ninh Thu\u1eadn and Binh Thu\u1eadn of the south-central coast in Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.683, 108.86], [11.104, 108.075]]}",,,bib1315,yes -4173-location-3,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Cham is spoken in and around the city of Phan Rang, in southern Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.562, 108.994]]}",,,bib7313,no +4173-location-2,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""the provinces of Ninh Thu\u1eadn and Binh Thu\u1eadn of the south-central coast in Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.683, 108.86], [11.104, 108.075]]}",,,bib1324,yes +4173-location-3,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Cham is spoken in and around the city of Phan Rang, in southern Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.562, 108.994]]}",,,bib7337,no 4173-location-4,4173,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""mostly in Ninh Thuan Province;""}",,,bib164,no 4173-speaker_number-1,4173,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There were 72,900 speakers in Viet Nam in 2002.",bib67,no 4173-speakers-1,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""73,820"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There were 72,900 speakers in Viet Nam in 2002.",bib67,no -4173-speaker_number-2,4173,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Spoken Eastern Cham is ... the dominant language in Cham villages and that the children of the few Vietnamese families who have resettled in these villages typically have a good, if not native, command of Cham."" (Brunelle 2008)",bib1315,yes -4173-speakers-2,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Spoken Eastern Cham is ... the dominant language in Cham villages and that the children of the few Vietnamese families who have resettled in these villages typically have a good, if not native, command of Cham."" (Brunelle 2008)",bib1315,yes -4173-speaker_number-3,4173,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4173-speakers-3,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4173-speaker_number-2,4173,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Spoken Eastern Cham is ... the dominant language in Cham villages and that the children of the few Vietnamese families who have resettled in these villages typically have a good, if not native, command of Cham."" (Brunelle 2008)",bib1324,yes +4173-speakers-2,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Spoken Eastern Cham is ... the dominant language in Cham villages and that the children of the few Vietnamese families who have resettled in these villages typically have a good, if not native, command of Cham."" (Brunelle 2008)",bib1324,yes +4173-speaker_number-3,4173,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4173-speakers-3,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4173-speaker_number-4,4173,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4173-speakers-4,4173,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""72,873"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4173-LEI-1,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4173-vitality-1,4173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4173-LEI-2,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1315,yes -4173-transmission-2,4173,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1315,yes -4173-domains_of_use-2,4173,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1315,yes -4173-speaker_number_trends-2,4173,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1315,yes -4173-vitality-2,4173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1315,yes +4173-LEI-2,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1324,yes +4173-transmission-2,4173,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1324,yes +4173-domains_of_use-2,4173,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1324,yes +4173-speaker_number_trends-2,4173,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1324,yes +4173-vitality-2,4173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Although Eastern Cham communities are increasingly being integrated into the Vietnamese polity, the Cham language, local traditions, and religions (syncretic Hinduism, syncretic Islam, and Sunni Islam) are well preserved.",bib1324,yes 4173-LEI-3,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Phan Rang Cham is used by ethnic Phan Rang Cham within their villages, and to Phan Rang Cham members dwelling in Ho Chi Minh city",bib164,no 4173-transmission-3,4173,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Phan Rang Cham is used by ethnic Phan Rang Cham within their villages, and to Phan Rang Cham members dwelling in Ho Chi Minh city",bib164,no 4173-domains_of_use-3,4173,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Phan Rang Cham is used by ethnic Phan Rang Cham within their villages, and to Phan Rang Cham members dwelling in Ho Chi Minh city",bib164,no 4173-speaker_number_trends-3,4173,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Phan Rang Cham is used by ethnic Phan Rang Cham within their villages, and to Phan Rang Cham members dwelling in Ho Chi Minh city",bib164,no 4173-vitality-3,4173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Phan Rang Cham is used by ethnic Phan Rang Cham within their villages, and to Phan Rang Cham members dwelling in Ho Chi Minh city",bib164,no -4173-LEI-4,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4173-vitality-4,4173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4173-LEI-4,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4173-vitality-4,4173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4173-LEI-5,4173,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4173-vitality-5,4173,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4174-context-1,4174,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Tok Pisin [tpi]""}",,,bib69,yes -4174-location-1,4174,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.273582935, 142.2684479]]}",,,bib7945,no +4174-location-1,4174,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.273582935, 142.2684479]]}",,,bib7970,no 4174-location-2,4174,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Sepik river west of Wogamusin. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,yes -4174-location-3,4174,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Chenapian village""}",,,bib4545,no +4174-location-3,4174,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Chenapian village""}",,,bib4566,no 4174-speaker_number-1,4174,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4174-speakers-1,4174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4174-speaker_number-2,4174,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,yes 4174-speakers-2,4174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes -4174-speaker_number-3,4174,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -4174-speakers-3,4174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +4174-speaker_number-3,4174,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +4174-speakers-3,4174,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""187"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 4174-LEI-1,4174,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4174-vitality-1,4174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4174-LEI-2,4174,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4174-vitality-2,4174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -4174-LEI-3,4174,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -4174-vitality-3,4174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -4176-context-1,4176,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Most have shifted to Chinese,bib7938,yes -4176-location-1,4176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.7393, 121.6996]]}",,,bib5307,no -4176-location-2,4176,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the northeastern coastal area of Taiwan from north of Toucheng \u982d\u57cesouthwards through Ilan \u5b9c\u862d to Sanhsing \u4e09\u661f and inland on the Lanyang \u862d\u967d River. No speakers left in the original area, only migrant speakers in the village of Hualien \u82b1\u84ee in the Nataoran language area, and by a few in the area of the large Atayal language."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.978097, 121.605898]]}",,,bib7938,yes +4174-LEI-3,4174,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +4174-vitality-3,4174,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +4176-context-1,4176,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Most have shifted to Chinese,bib7963,yes +4176-location-1,4176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.7393, 121.6996]]}",,,bib5330,no +4176-location-2,4176,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in the northeastern coastal area of Taiwan from north of Toucheng \u982d\u57cesouthwards through Ilan \u5b9c\u862d to Sanhsing \u4e09\u661f and inland on the Lanyang \u862d\u967d River. No speakers left in the original area, only migrant speakers in the village of Hualien \u82b1\u84ee in the Nataoran language area, and by a few in the area of the large Atayal language."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.978097, 121.605898]]}",,,bib7963,yes 4176-location-3,4176,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Northeast coast, above Toucheng to Ilan, nearly to Suao, and inland to Atayal [tay] language area. No longer spoken in the original area; a few migrants to the east coast, Hsishe village, Fengpin Township, Hualien County (1990)."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.6, 121.85], [24.75, 121.75], [24.85, 121.8166667]]}",,,bib67,no -4176-speaker_number-1,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4176-speakers-1,4176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4176-speaker_number-2,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7938,yes -4176-speakers-2,4176,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7938,yes +4176-speaker_number-1,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4176-speakers-1,4176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4176-speaker_number-2,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7963,yes +4176-speakers-2,4176,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7963,yes 4176-speaker_number-3,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4176-speakers-3,4176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4176-speaker_number-4,4176,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,24 (2000 P. Li). Ethnic population: 1000,bib67,no 4176-speakers-4,4176,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""24"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""24""}",,24 (2000 P. Li). Ethnic population: 1000,bib67,no -4176-LEI-1,4176,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4176-vitality-1,4176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4176-LEI-2,4176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,yes -4176-transmission-2,4176,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7938,yes -4176-speaker_number_trends-2,4176,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7938,yes -4176-vitality-2,4176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7938,yes +4176-LEI-1,4176,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4176-vitality-1,4176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4176-LEI-2,4176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,yes +4176-transmission-2,4176,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7963,yes +4176-speaker_number_trends-2,4176,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7963,yes +4176-vitality-2,4176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7963,yes 4176-LEI-3,4176,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4176-vitality-3,4176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4176-LEI-4,4176,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -43668,488 +43854,488 @@ Cumanagoto [cuo]: 49 (2001 census). Ethnic population: 530 (2013).",bib68,no 4176-domains_of_use-4,4176,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib67,no 4176-speaker_number_trends-4,4176,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no 4176-vitality-4,4176,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib67,no -4178-context-1,4178,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shina""}",,,bib6094,yes -4178-location-1,4178,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""East bank of the Indus in District Kohistan""}",,,bib740,no +4178-context-1,4178,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shina""}",,,bib6118,yes +4178-location-1,4178,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""East bank of the Indus in District Kohistan""}",,,bib744,no 4178-location-2,4178,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4178-location-3,4178,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Koli, Palas, Jalkot Indus Kohistan""}",,,bib6094,yes -4178-location-4,4178,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2136, 73.2396]]}",,,bib5307,no +4178-location-3,4178,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Koli, Palas, Jalkot Indus Kohistan""}",,,bib6118,yes +4178-location-4,4178,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2136, 73.2396]]}",,,bib5330,no 4178-location-5,4178,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.280275, 73.295122]]}",,,bib75,no -4178-speaker_number-1,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,no -4178-speakers-1,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,no +4178-speaker_number-1,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,no +4178-speakers-1,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,no 4178-speaker_number-2,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1992).,bib67,no 4178-speakers-2,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1992).,bib67,no -4178-speaker_number-3,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,yes -4178-speakers-3,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,yes -4178-speaker_number-4,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4178-speakers-4,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4178-speaker_number-3,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,yes +4178-speakers-3,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,yes +4178-speaker_number-4,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4178-speakers-4,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4178-speaker_number-5,4178,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4178-speakers-5,4178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4178-LEI-1,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4178-vitality-1,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4178-LEI-1,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4178-vitality-1,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4178-LEI-2,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4178-vitality-2,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4178-LEI-3,4178,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6094,yes -4178-speaker_number_trends-3,4178,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6094,yes -4178-vitality-3,4178,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6094,yes -4178-LEI-4,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4178-vitality-4,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4178-LEI-3,4178,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6118,yes +4178-speaker_number_trends-3,4178,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6118,yes +4178-vitality-3,4178,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Under great pressure by Shina. According to Hallberg, ‘A point which further underscores the idea that language shift is taking place in this community is the fact that of the thirteen individuals who were asked, four said that they spoke Chilisso in their home as a child but speak Shina in their home today’ (Hallberg in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 122-123).",bib6118,yes +4178-LEI-4,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4178-vitality-4,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4178-LEI-5,4178,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4178-vitality-5,4178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4179-context-1,4179,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Assamese, English, Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""Kera'a is lumped in with other Mishmi languages, so not actually supported."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Most Kera'a are bidialectal, speaking both Mithu and the more prestigious Midu, and using few borrowings from other Mishmi tribes nearby. Urban, adult Kera'a believe their language is culturally important and want their children to learn it; however, many use Hindi at home, so children grow up with passive knowledge of Kera'a. Education is conducted in Hindi and English. Community groups are trying to raise the prestige of the language and expand domains of use through radio broadcasts and language classes for children. Some are also involved in the collection, transcription, translation, and results of documentation materials.""}",,,bib5828,yes +4179-context-1,4179,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Assamese, English, Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""Kera'a is lumped in with other Mishmi languages, so not actually supported."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Most Kera'a are bidialectal, speaking both Mithu and the more prestigious Midu, and using few borrowings from other Mishmi tribes nearby. Urban, adult Kera'a believe their language is culturally important and want their children to learn it; however, many use Hindi at home, so children grow up with passive knowledge of Kera'a. Education is conducted in Hindi and English. Community groups are trying to raise the prestige of the language and expand domains of use through radio broadcasts and language classes for children. Some are also involved in the collection, transcription, translation, and results of documentation materials.""}",,,bib5852,yes 4179-context-2,4179,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese; Hindi; Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib68,no 4179-location-1,4179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.33333, 95.83333]]}",,,bib216,no -4179-location-2,4179,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Dibang Valley and Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, between India and China""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.5501, 96.0957]]}",,,bib5828,yes -4179-location-3,4179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.6496, 95.8419]]}",,,bib5307,no +4179-location-2,4179,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Dibang Valley and Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, between India and China""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.5501, 96.0957]]}",,,bib5852,yes +4179-location-3,4179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.6496, 95.8419]]}",,,bib5330,no 4179-location-4,4179,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""]}",,,bib68,no -4179-speaker_number-1,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5828,yes -4179-speakers-1,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5828,yes -4179-speaker_number-2,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4179-speakers-2,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,101"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4179-speaker_number-1,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5852,yes +4179-speakers-1,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5852,yes +4179-speaker_number-2,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4179-speakers-2,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,101"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4179-speaker_number-3,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,000 of these speakers live in India. 2,200 are monolinguals.",bib68,no 4179-speakers-3,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,000 of these speakers live in India. 2,200 are monolinguals.",bib68,no 4179-speaker_number-4,4179,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4179-speakers-4,4179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,121"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4179-LEI-2,4179,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5828,yes -4179-transmission-2,4179,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5828,yes -4179-domains_of_use-2,4179,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5828,yes -4179-speaker_number_trends-2,4179,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5828,yes -4179-vitality-2,4179,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5828,yes -4179-LEI-3,4179,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4179-vitality-3,4179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4179-LEI-2,4179,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5852,yes +4179-transmission-2,4179,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5852,yes +4179-domains_of_use-2,4179,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5852,yes +4179-speaker_number_trends-2,4179,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5852,yes +4179-vitality-2,4179,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5852,yes +4179-LEI-3,4179,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4179-vitality-3,4179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4179-LEI-4,4179,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 4179-transmission-4,4179,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,no 4179-domains_of_use-4,4179,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,no 4179-vitality-4,4179,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no 4179-LEI-5,4179,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4179-vitality-5,4179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4181-context-1,4181,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib1913,yes -4181-location-1,4181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo""}",,,bib1913,yes +4181-context-1,4181,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib1925,yes +4181-location-1,4181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo""}",,,bib1925,yes 4181-location-2,4181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.45, 166.93]]}",,,bib75,no -4181-location-3,4181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.403194, 166.86002]]}",,,bib395,no +4181-location-3,4181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.403194, 166.86002]]}",,,bib396,no 4181-location-4,4181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4181-speaker_number-1,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4181-speakers-1,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4181-speaker_number-2,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers are approximate. Almost no documentation work has been done on the language. Very little is known about it.,bib1913,yes -4181-speakers-2,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Numbers are approximate. Almost no documentation work has been done on the language. Very little is known about it.,bib1913,yes -4181-speaker_number-3,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4181-speakers-3,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +4181-speaker_number-2,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Numbers are approximate. Almost no documentation work has been done on the language. Very little is known about it.,bib1925,yes +4181-speakers-2,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Numbers are approximate. Almost no documentation work has been done on the language. Very little is known about it.,bib1925,yes +4181-speaker_number-3,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4181-speakers-3,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 4181-speaker_number-4,4181,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4181-speakers-4,4181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (Lynch and Crowley)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 4181-LEI-1,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4181-vitality-1,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4181-LEI-2,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -4181-vitality-2,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes -4181-LEI-3,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4181-vitality-3,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +4181-LEI-2,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +4181-vitality-2,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes +4181-LEI-3,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4181-vitality-3,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 4181-LEI-4,4181,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4181-vitality-4,4181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4182-location-1,4182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6714, 30.8386]]}",,,bib5307,no +4182-location-1,4182,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6714, 30.8386]]}",,,bib5330,no 4182-location-2,4182,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, extreme east Nuba hills, isolated hills between Talodi and the White Nile.""}",,,bib67,yes -4182-speaker_number-1,4182,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4182-speakers-1,4182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,683"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4182-speaker_number-1,4182,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4182-speakers-1,4182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,683"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4182-speaker_number-2,4182,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4182-speakers-2,4182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,680"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4182-LEI-1,4182,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4182-vitality-1,4182,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4182-LEI-1,4182,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4182-vitality-1,4182,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4182-LEI-2,4182,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4182-vitality-2,4182,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4184-context-1,4184,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,Tok Pisin is used by almost everyone as a means of communication.,bib2055,no -4184-location-1,4184,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Surrounding, but mostly to the north and northwest of, the town of Goroka in \nthe Eastern Highlands Province... There are some fifty villages within the Alekano area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.086192, 145.386028]]}",,,bib2055,no +4184-context-1,4184,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,Tok Pisin is used by almost everyone as a means of communication.,bib2068,no +4184-location-1,4184,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Surrounding, but mostly to the north and northwest of, the town of Goroka in \nthe Eastern Highlands Province... There are some fifty villages within the Alekano area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.086192, 145.386028]]}",,,bib2068,no 4184-location-2,4184,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0, 145.416666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4184-location-3,4184,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -4184-location-4,4184,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gahuku is the name most commonly used for the language spoken by some 7000 people in the area surrounding the town of Goroka."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.066817, 145.39135]]}",,,bib2053,no -4184-speaker_number-1,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2055,no -4184-speakers-1,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959-1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2055,no +4184-location-4,4184,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gahuku is the name most commonly used for the language spoken by some 7000 people in the area surrounding the town of Goroka."", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.066817, 145.39135]]}",,,bib2066,no +4184-speaker_number-1,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2068,no +4184-speakers-1,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959-1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2068,no 4184-speaker_number-2,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,yes 4184-speakers-2,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1999).,bib67,yes -4184-speaker_number-3,4184,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"I have worked in the Gahuku area since 1959 under the auspices of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, and a fairly comprehensive description of that language is now in print (Deibler 1975).",bib2053,no -4184-speakers-3,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959-1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"I have worked in the Gahuku area since 1959 under the auspices of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, and a fairly comprehensive description of that language is now in print (Deibler 1975).",bib2053,no -4184-speaker_number-4,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2054,no -4184-speakers-4,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2054,no +4184-speaker_number-3,4184,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"I have worked in the Gahuku area since 1959 under the auspices of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, and a fairly comprehensive description of that language is now in print (Deibler 1975).",bib2066,no +4184-speakers-3,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959-1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"I have worked in the Gahuku area since 1959 under the auspices of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, and a fairly comprehensive description of that language is now in print (Deibler 1975).",bib2066,no +4184-speaker_number-4,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2067,no +4184-speakers-4,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2067,no 4184-speaker_number-5,4184,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4184-speakers-5,4184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4184-LEI-1,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2055,no -4184-vitality-1,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2055,no +4184-LEI-1,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2068,no +4184-vitality-1,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2068,no 4184-LEI-2,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4184-vitality-2,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4184-LEI-3,4184,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2053,no -4184-vitality-3,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2053,no -4184-LEI-4,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2054,no -4184-vitality-4,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2054,no +4184-LEI-3,4184,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2066,no +4184-vitality-3,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2066,no +4184-LEI-4,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2067,no +4184-vitality-4,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2067,no 4184-LEI-5,4184,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4184-vitality-5,4184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4186-context-1,4186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Desiya; Oriya""}",,,bib67,no -4186-location-1,4186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2293, 82.727]]}",,,bib5307,yes -4186-location-2,4186,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andhra Pradesh state, East Godavari district, both sides of Sileru river""}",,,bib7525,no -4186-speaker_number-1,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -4186-speakers-1,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +4186-location-1,4186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2293, 82.727]]}",,,bib5330,yes +4186-location-2,4186,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andhra Pradesh state, East Godavari district, both sides of Sileru river""}",,,bib7550,no +4186-speaker_number-1,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +4186-speakers-1,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 4186-speaker_number-2,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4186-speakers-2,4186,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,371 in Orissa"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,060"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4186-speaker_number-3,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6176,no -4186-speakers-3,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6176,no -4186-speaker_number-4,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -4186-speakers-4,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no +4186-speaker_number-3,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6200,no +4186-speakers-3,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6200,no +4186-speaker_number-4,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +4186-speakers-4,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no 4186-speaker_number-5,4186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4186-speakers-5,4186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,055"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4186-LEI-1,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4186-vitality-1,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4186-LEI-1,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4186-vitality-1,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4186-LEI-2,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4186-vitality-2,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4186-LEI-3,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[The speaker number] looks to be dwindling and prone to disappear.,bib6176,no -4186-vitality-3,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,[The speaker number] looks to be dwindling and prone to disappear.,bib6176,no -4186-LEI-4,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Bilingualism is widespread.,bib7525,no -4186-vitality-4,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Bilingualism is widespread.,bib7525,no +4186-LEI-3,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[The speaker number] looks to be dwindling and prone to disappear.,bib6200,no +4186-vitality-3,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,[The speaker number] looks to be dwindling and prone to disappear.,bib6200,no +4186-LEI-4,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Bilingualism is widespread.,bib7550,no +4186-vitality-4,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Bilingualism is widespread.,bib7550,no 4186-LEI-5,4186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4186-vitality-5,4186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4188-context-1,4188,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telugu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""a few""}",,,bib67,yes -4188-location-1,4188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3858, 82.7819]]}",,,bib5307,no +4188-location-1,4188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3858, 82.7819]]}",,,bib5330,no 4188-location-2,4188,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andhra Pradesh, Vizianagaram District, Salur and Pachipenta Mandals, Vishakhapatnam and Srikakulam districts.""}",,,bib67,yes -4188-speaker_number-1,4188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There is a Mundarian Gadaba called Gutob Gadaba. The Census reports do not distinguish [Gutob and Mundhili Gadaba] although they belong to different families. If we take only the population figures of Andhra Pradesh, [the Mundhili Gadaba] number less than 10,000."" (pg. 26)",bib4358,no -4188-speakers-1,4188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There is a Mundarian Gadaba called Gutob Gadaba. The Census reports do not distinguish [Gutob and Mundhili Gadaba] although they belong to different families. If we take only the population figures of Andhra Pradesh, [the Mundhili Gadaba] number less than 10,000."" (pg. 26)",bib4358,no +4188-speaker_number-1,4188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There is a Mundarian Gadaba called Gutob Gadaba. The Census reports do not distinguish [Gutob and Mundhili Gadaba] although they belong to different families. If we take only the population figures of Andhra Pradesh, [the Mundhili Gadaba] number less than 10,000."" (pg. 26)",bib4379,no +4188-speakers-1,4188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There is a Mundarian Gadaba called Gutob Gadaba. The Census reports do not distinguish [Gutob and Mundhili Gadaba] although they belong to different families. If we take only the population figures of Andhra Pradesh, [the Mundhili Gadaba] number less than 10,000."" (pg. 26)",bib4379,no 4188-speaker_number-2,4188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4188-speakers-2,4188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4188-speaker_number-3,4188,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4188-speakers-3,4188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4188-LEI-1,4188,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4358,no -4188-vitality-1,4188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4358,no +4188-LEI-1,4188,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4379,no +4188-vitality-1,4188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4379,no 4188-LEI-2,4188,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4188-vitality-2,4188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4188-LEI-3,4188,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4188-domains_of_use-3,4188,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib67,yes 4188-vitality-3,4188,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes 4189-location-1,4189,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4189-location-2,4189,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.61525316, 134.235744]]}",,,bib1182,no -4189-location-3,4189,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1387,yes -4189-speaker_number-1,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4189-speakers-1,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4189-location-2,4189,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.61525316, 134.235744]]}",,,bib1191,no +4189-location-3,4189,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1399,yes +4189-speaker_number-1,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4189-speakers-1,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4189-speaker_number-2,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (Black 1983),bib67,no 4189-speakers-2,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (Black 1983),bib67,no 4189-speaker_number-3,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 4189-speakers-3,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""145"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no 4189-speaker_number-4,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4189-speakers-4,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4189-speaker_number-5,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1387,yes -4189-speakers-5,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1387,yes -4189-LEI-1,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4189-vitality-1,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4189-speaker_number-5,4189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1399,yes +4189-speakers-5,4189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1399,yes +4189-LEI-1,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4189-vitality-1,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4189-LEI-2,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4189-vitality-2,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4189-LEI-3,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4189-vitality-3,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4189-LEI-4,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4189-vitality-4,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4189-LEI-5,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,yes -4189-vitality-5,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,yes -4190-context-1,4190,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Some language maintenance programs""}",,,bib5400,no -4190-context-2,4190,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Li-Kurlurluwa Language Centre (funding discontinued in 2011)""}",,"While efforts at language maintenance are ongoing, which includes the teaching of songs, dances, and vocabulary, they depend largely on the initiative of the older generations.",bib5397,yes +4189-LEI-5,4189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,yes +4189-vitality-5,4189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,yes +4190-context-1,4190,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Some language maintenance programs""}",,,bib5423,no +4190-context-2,4190,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Li-Kurlurluwa Language Centre (funding discontinued in 2011)""}",,"While efforts at language maintenance are ongoing, which includes the teaching of songs, dances, and vocabulary, they depend largely on the initiative of the older generations.",bib5420,yes 4190-location-1,4190,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4190-location-2,4190,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.17828212, 136.5329137]]}",,,bib1182,no -4190-location-3,4190,location,"{""Places"": [""Gulf of Carpentaria, Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Garrwa people mostly live in the southwestern Gulf of Carpentaria region of Northern Australia, from the towns of Borroloola to Doomagee.""}",,,bib5400,no -4190-location-4,4190,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Borroloola, Wandangula, Robinson River,"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.070005, 136.309758]]}",,"At the time of this writing, people who identify as Garrwa live mostly in and around the Northern Territory town of Borroloola (population approximately 2000), a town which is itself nominally in Yanyuwa country, but which is close to traditional Garrwa country... Wandangula, an outstation some 26kms east of Borroloola, houses a small population who are of mostly mixed Garrwa and Yanyuwa heritage but who have strong Garrwa affiliations... The main population centre within Garrwa traditional territory is the community of Robinson River (approximately 300 people). There are also a number of Garrwa-identified families in the Queensland town of Doomadgee, a town considered to be Ganggalida territory (Trigger 1992), and some people of Garrwa ancestry live in other towns, predominantly in Queensland and the Northern Territory.",bib5397,yes -4190-speaker_number-1,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4190-speakers-1,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4190-location-2,4190,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.17828212, 136.5329137]]}",,,bib1191,no +4190-location-3,4190,location,"{""Places"": [""Gulf of Carpentaria, Northern Australia""], ""Description"": ""The Garrwa people mostly live in the southwestern Gulf of Carpentaria region of Northern Australia, from the towns of Borroloola to Doomagee.""}",,,bib5423,no +4190-location-4,4190,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Borroloola, Wandangula, Robinson River,"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.070005, 136.309758]]}",,"At the time of this writing, people who identify as Garrwa live mostly in and around the Northern Territory town of Borroloola (population approximately 2000), a town which is itself nominally in Yanyuwa country, but which is close to traditional Garrwa country... Wandangula, an outstation some 26kms east of Borroloola, houses a small population who are of mostly mixed Garrwa and Yanyuwa heritage but who have strong Garrwa affiliations... The main population centre within Garrwa traditional territory is the community of Robinson River (approximately 300 people). There are also a number of Garrwa-identified families in the Queensland town of Doomadgee, a town considered to be Ganggalida territory (Trigger 1992), and some people of Garrwa ancestry live in other towns, predominantly in Queensland and the Northern Territory.",bib5420,yes +4190-speaker_number-1,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4190-speakers-1,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4190-speaker_number-2,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,110 (1996 census). May be 10 Wanji speakers (2000 N. Adams),bib67,no 4190-speakers-2,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,110 (1996 census). May be 10 Wanji speakers (2000 N. Adams),bib67,no 4190-speaker_number-3,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4190-speakers-3,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -4190-speaker_number-4,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Children no longer speak Garrwa as a first language, although they will acquire some knowledge of Narrative functions of clause linkage in Garrwa lexicon and grammar throughout their lives. Nevertheless, although there are some language maintenance programs in operation, and there are still probably about 100 native speakers of Garrwa, it is likely that Garrwa will cease to be a language of everyday talk in the next generation or so.",bib5400,no -4190-speakers-4,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Children no longer speak Garrwa as a first language, although they will acquire some knowledge of Narrative functions of clause linkage in Garrwa lexicon and grammar throughout their lives. Nevertheless, although there are some language maintenance programs in operation, and there are still probably about 100 native speakers of Garrwa, it is likely that Garrwa will cease to be a language of everyday talk in the next generation or so.",bib5400,no -4190-speaker_number-5,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The 2006 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census reports 35 people in the Borroloola area who speak Garrwa at home (cf. 69 Yanyuwa speakers), and 24 in the wider Gulf region (a region which includes the country east of Borroloola to the Queensland border).",bib5397,yes -4190-speakers-5,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The 2006 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census reports 35 people in the Borroloola area who speak Garrwa at home (cf. 69 Yanyuwa speakers), and 24 in the wider Gulf region (a region which includes the country east of Borroloola to the Queensland border).",bib5397,yes -4190-speaker_number-6,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4190-speakers-6,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4190-speaker_number-4,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Children no longer speak Garrwa as a first language, although they will acquire some knowledge of Narrative functions of clause linkage in Garrwa lexicon and grammar throughout their lives. Nevertheless, although there are some language maintenance programs in operation, and there are still probably about 100 native speakers of Garrwa, it is likely that Garrwa will cease to be a language of everyday talk in the next generation or so.",bib5423,no +4190-speakers-4,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Children no longer speak Garrwa as a first language, although they will acquire some knowledge of Narrative functions of clause linkage in Garrwa lexicon and grammar throughout their lives. Nevertheless, although there are some language maintenance programs in operation, and there are still probably about 100 native speakers of Garrwa, it is likely that Garrwa will cease to be a language of everyday talk in the next generation or so.",bib5423,no +4190-speaker_number-5,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The 2006 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census reports 35 people in the Borroloola area who speak Garrwa at home (cf. 69 Yanyuwa speakers), and 24 in the wider Gulf region (a region which includes the country east of Borroloola to the Queensland border).",bib5420,yes +4190-speakers-5,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The 2006 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census reports 35 people in the Borroloola area who speak Garrwa at home (cf. 69 Yanyuwa speakers), and 24 in the wider Gulf region (a region which includes the country east of Borroloola to the Queensland border).",bib5420,yes +4190-speaker_number-6,4190,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4190-speakers-6,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4190-speaker_number-7,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4190-speakers-7,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4190-speaker_number-8,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -4190-speakers-8,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -4190-LEI-1,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4190-vitality-1,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4190-speaker_number-8,4190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +4190-speakers-8,4190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +4190-LEI-1,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4190-vitality-1,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4190-LEI-2,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4190-vitality-2,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4190-LEI-3,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4190-vitality-3,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4190-LEI-4,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5400,no -4190-transmission-4,4190,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5400,no -4190-speaker_number_trends-4,4190,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5400,no -4190-vitality-4,4190,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5400,no -4190-LEI-5,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5397,yes -4190-transmission-5,4190,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5397,yes -4190-domains_of_use-5,4190,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5397,yes -4190-speaker_number_trends-5,4190,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5397,yes -4190-vitality-5,4190,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5397,yes -4190-LEI-6,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4190-vitality-6,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4190-LEI-4,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5423,no +4190-transmission-4,4190,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5423,no +4190-speaker_number_trends-4,4190,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5423,no +4190-vitality-4,4190,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5423,no +4190-LEI-5,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5420,yes +4190-transmission-5,4190,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5420,yes +4190-domains_of_use-5,4190,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5420,yes +4190-speaker_number_trends-5,4190,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5420,yes +4190-vitality-5,4190,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Almost all of the people who contributed language material for this study were over 50, and most were over 65 at the time of this writing. Children have not been learning the language as a first language since at least the 1980s, so there are now at least two generations who have low or no proficiency in Garrwa.... while Garrwa is still spoken spontaneously in conversations between older people and some younger people who are active in cultural maintenance, it is not spoken between most people under the age of 50.",bib5420,yes +4190-LEI-6,4190,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4190-vitality-6,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4190-LEI-7,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4190-vitality-7,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4190-LEI-8,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4190-vitality-8,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -4191-context-1,4191,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English""}",,,bib5309,yes -4191-location-1,4191,location,"{""Description"": ""Karajarri country is located in the area around Bidyadanga Community, which used to be called La Grange Mission, south-east of the town of Broome along the coastal strip between the ocean and the Great Sandy Desert.""}",,,bib1582,no +4190-LEI-8,4190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4190-vitality-8,4190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +4191-context-1,4191,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English""}",,,bib5332,yes +4191-location-1,4191,location,"{""Description"": ""Karajarri country is located in the area around Bidyadanga Community, which used to be called La Grange Mission, south-east of the town of Broome along the coastal strip between the ocean and the Great Sandy Desert.""}",,,bib1594,no 4191-location-2,4191,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4191-location-3,4191,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.71361155, 122.0338064]]}",,,bib1182,no -4191-location-4,4191,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,From south point of Roebuck Bay south-west to a place ten miles north of Anna Plains Station; inland about seventy miles. Sandy Brown (p.c.) says that Karajarri country used to extend south to the De Grey River along the coast.,bib7278,no -4191-location-5,4191,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, Roebuck Bay to about 100km inland, Broome.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -4191-speaker_number-1,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than twenty speakers of the Karajarri language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Karajarri and many more identify as being from Karajarri heritage.",bib1582,no -4191-speakers-1,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than twenty speakers of the Karajarri language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Karajarri and many more identify as being from Karajarri heritage.",bib1582,no -4191-speaker_number-2,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -4191-speakers-2,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +4191-location-3,4191,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.71361155, 122.0338064]]}",,,bib1191,no +4191-location-4,4191,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,From south point of Roebuck Bay south-west to a place ten miles north of Anna Plains Station; inland about seventy miles. Sandy Brown (p.c.) says that Karajarri country used to extend south to the De Grey River along the coast.,bib7302,no +4191-location-5,4191,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, Roebuck Bay to about 100km inland, Broome.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +4191-speaker_number-1,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than twenty speakers of the Karajarri language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Karajarri and many more identify as being from Karajarri heritage.",bib1594,no +4191-speakers-1,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than twenty speakers of the Karajarri language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Karajarri and many more identify as being from Karajarri heritage.",bib1594,no +4191-speaker_number-2,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +4191-speakers-2,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 4191-speaker_number-3,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,12 (1991 SIL),bib67,no 4191-speakers-3,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,12 (1991 SIL),bib67,no 4191-speaker_number-4,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4191-speakers-4,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -4191-speaker_number-5,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4191-speakers-5,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4191-speaker_number-5,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4191-speakers-5,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4191-speaker_number-6,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4191-speakers-6,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4191-speaker_number-7,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, twelve speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers has been dropping since.",bib5309,yes -4191-speakers-7,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, twelve speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers has been dropping since.",bib5309,yes -4191-LEI-1,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1582,no -4191-vitality-1,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1582,no -4191-LEI-2,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4191-vitality-2,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4191-speaker_number-7,4191,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1991, twelve speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers has been dropping since.",bib5332,yes +4191-speakers-7,4191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1991, twelve speakers were reported. ... The number of speakers has been dropping since.",bib5332,yes +4191-LEI-1,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1594,no +4191-vitality-1,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1594,no +4191-LEI-2,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4191-vitality-2,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4191-LEI-3,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4191-vitality-3,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4191-LEI-4,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4191-vitality-4,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4191-LEI-5,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4191-vitality-5,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4191-LEI-5,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4191-vitality-5,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4191-LEI-6,4191,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4191-vitality-6,4191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4191-LEI-7,4191,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5309,yes -4191-transmission-7,4191,transmission,5,transmission-5,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5309,yes -4191-domains_of_use-7,4191,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5309,yes -4191-speaker_number_trends-7,4191,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5309,yes -4191-vitality-7,4191,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5309,yes -4193-location-1,4193,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba district, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8246,yes -4193-location-2,4193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.4912, 76.8383]]}",,,bib5307,no +4191-LEI-7,4191,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5332,yes +4191-transmission-7,4191,transmission,5,transmission-5,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5332,yes +4191-domains_of_use-7,4191,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5332,yes +4191-speaker_number_trends-7,4191,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5332,yes +4191-vitality-7,4191,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The children speak Aboriginal English.,bib5332,yes +4193-location-1,4193,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba district, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8271,yes +4193-location-2,4193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.4912, 76.8383]]}",,,bib5330,no 4193-location-3,4193,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4193-speaker_number-1,4193,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -4193-speakers-1,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes -4193-speaker_number-2,4193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4193-speakers-2,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4193-speaker_number-1,4193,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +4193-speakers-1,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes +4193-speaker_number-2,4193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4193-speakers-2,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4193-speaker_number-3,4193,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4193-speakers-3,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4193-speaker_number-4,4193,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 4193-speakers-4,4193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -4193-LEI-1,4193,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4193-vitality-1,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -4193-LEI-2,4193,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4193-vitality-2,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4193-LEI-1,4193,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4193-vitality-1,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +4193-LEI-2,4193,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4193-vitality-2,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4193-LEI-3,4193,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4193-vitality-3,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4193-LEI-4,4193,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4193-vitality-4,4193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4194-location-1,4194,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5008, 29.9377]]}",,,bib5307,no +4194-location-1,4194,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5008, 29.9377]]}",,,bib5330,no 4194-location-2,4194,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4194-speaker_number-1,4194,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4194-speakers-1,4194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4194-speaker_number-1,4194,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4194-speakers-1,4194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4194-speaker_number-2,4194,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4194-speakers-2,4194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4194-speaker_number-3,4194,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,yes 4194-speakers-3,4194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,yes -4194-LEI-1,4194,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4194-vitality-1,4194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4194-LEI-1,4194,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4194-vitality-1,4194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4194-LEI-2,4194,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4194-vitality-2,4194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4194-LEI-3,4194,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4194-vitality-3,4194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4195-location-1,4195,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.514603, 132.647017]]}",,,bib7945,no +4195-location-1,4195,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.514603, 132.647017]]}",,,bib7970,no 4195-location-2,4195,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Oenpelli.""}",,,bib69,no -4195-speaker_number-1,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4195-speakers-1,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4195-speakers-2,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Big Bill Neidjie, the last fluent speaker of the Gagadju language, died in May, 2002.",bib4826,yes +4195-speaker_number-1,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4195-speakers-1,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4195-speakers-2,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Big Bill Neidjie, the last fluent speaker of the Gagadju language, died in May, 2002.",bib4848,yes 4195-speaker_number-3,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4195-speakers-3,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4195-speaker_number-4,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Wurm 2007),bib69,no 4195-speakers-4,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Wurm 2007),bib69,no -4195-speaker_number-5,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -4195-speakers-5,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -4195-LEI-1,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4195-vitality-1,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4195-LEI-2,4195,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4826,yes -4195-vitality-2,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4826,yes +4195-speaker_number-5,4195,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +4195-speakers-5,4195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +4195-LEI-1,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4195-vitality-1,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4195-LEI-2,4195,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4848,yes +4195-vitality-2,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4848,yes 4195-LEI-3,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4195-vitality-3,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4195-LEI-4,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4195-vitality-4,4195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4195-LEI-5,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4195-transmission-5,4195,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,no -4195-speaker_number_trends-5,4195,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,no -4195-vitality-5,4195,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,no -4196-context-1,4196,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Yazdi Zoroastrians’ desire to maintain the cultural heritage of their respective villages is apparent most strongly in their enthusiastic attitude towards the Dari language in general... [they] seem to take a great pride and interest in their language, and are not, as is often the case among speakers of a minority language, blatantly ashamed of it.",bib7360,yes +4195-LEI-5,4195,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4195-transmission-5,4195,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,no +4195-speaker_number_trends-5,4195,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,no +4195-vitality-5,4195,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,no +4196-context-1,4196,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Yazdi Zoroastrians’ desire to maintain the cultural heritage of their respective villages is apparent most strongly in their enthusiastic attitude towards the Dari language in general... [they] seem to take a great pride and interest in their language, and are not, as is often the case among speakers of a minority language, blatantly ashamed of it.",bib7384,yes 4196-location-1,4196,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,no -4196-location-2,4196,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib7360,yes -4196-location-3,4196,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""US""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.433333, 51.833333]]}",,,bib1125,no -4196-location-4,4196,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.8402, 54.1625]]}",,,bib5307,no +4196-location-2,4196,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib7384,yes +4196-location-3,4196,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""US""], ""Coordinates"": [[33.433333, 51.833333]]}",,,bib1134,no +4196-location-4,4196,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.8402, 54.1625]]}",,,bib5330,no 4196-location-5,4196,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.805181, 54.466658]]}",,,bib75,no 4196-speaker_number-1,4196,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4196-speakers-1,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4196-speaker_number-2,4196,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Dari is among Iran's most immediately imperiled languages. According to one estimate, there are only 8,000-15,000 speakers (see Ethnologue), though we believe the number to be much smaller. That number will likely decrease rapidly in coming generations, however, as parents are speaking to their children in Persian, the national language of Iran, rather than in Dari. Already, only a small proportion of Iran's Zoroastrian population speaks Dari.",bib7360,yes -4196-speakers-2,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Dari is among Iran's most immediately imperiled languages. According to one estimate, there are only 8,000-15,000 speakers (see Ethnologue), though we believe the number to be much smaller. That number will likely decrease rapidly in coming generations, however, as parents are speaking to their children in Persian, the national language of Iran, rather than in Dari. Already, only a small proportion of Iran's Zoroastrian population speaks Dari.",bib7360,yes -4196-speaker_number-3,4196,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4196-speakers-3,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4196-speaker_number-2,4196,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Dari is among Iran's most immediately imperiled languages. According to one estimate, there are only 8,000-15,000 speakers (see Ethnologue), though we believe the number to be much smaller. That number will likely decrease rapidly in coming generations, however, as parents are speaking to their children in Persian, the national language of Iran, rather than in Dari. Already, only a small proportion of Iran's Zoroastrian population speaks Dari.",bib7384,yes +4196-speakers-2,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Dari is among Iran's most immediately imperiled languages. According to one estimate, there are only 8,000-15,000 speakers (see Ethnologue), though we believe the number to be much smaller. That number will likely decrease rapidly in coming generations, however, as parents are speaking to their children in Persian, the national language of Iran, rather than in Dari. Already, only a small proportion of Iran's Zoroastrian population speaks Dari.",bib7384,yes +4196-speaker_number-3,4196,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4196-speakers-3,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4196-speaker_number-4,4196,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4196-speakers-4,4196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4196-LEI-1,4196,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4196-vitality-1,4196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4196-LEI-2,4196,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The adults’ pride in their language does not necessarily ensure that they -will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7360,yes +will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7384,yes 4196-transmission-2,4196,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The adults’ pride in their language does not necessarily ensure that they -will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7360,yes +will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7384,yes 4196-speaker_number_trends-2,4196,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The adults’ pride in their language does not necessarily ensure that they -will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7360,yes +will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7384,yes 4196-vitality-2,4196,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The adults’ pride in their language does not necessarily ensure that they -will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7360,yes -4196-LEI-4,4196,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4196-vitality-4,4196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7384,yes +4196-LEI-4,4196,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4196-vitality-4,4196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4196-LEI-5,4196,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4196-vitality-5,4196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4197-location-1,4197,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland state: Bourketown area""}",,,bib70,no -4197-location-2,4197,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.019031, 138.229847]]}",,,bib7945,no -4197-speaker_number-1,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4197-speakers-1,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4197-location-2,4197,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.019031, 138.229847]]}",,,bib7970,no +4197-speaker_number-1,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4197-speakers-1,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4197-speaker_number-2,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4197-speakers-2,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4197-speaker_number-3,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Six semi-speakers; one full speaker.,bib70,no 4197-speakers-3,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,Six semi-speakers; one full speaker.,bib70,no -4197-speaker_number-4,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4197-speakers-4,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4197-speaker_number-4,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4197-speakers-4,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4197-speaker_number-5,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4197-speakers-5,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4197-speaker_number-6,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -4197-speakers-6,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib7937,yes -4197-LEI-1,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4197-vitality-1,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4197-speaker_number-6,4197,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +4197-speakers-6,4197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib7962,yes +4197-LEI-1,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4197-vitality-1,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4197-LEI-2,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4197-vitality-2,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4197-LEI-3,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4197-vitality-3,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -4197-LEI-4,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4197-vitality-4,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4197-LEI-4,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4197-vitality-4,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4197-LEI-5,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4197-vitality-5,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4197-LEI-6,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -4197-vitality-6,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +4197-LEI-6,4197,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +4197-vitality-6,4197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 4198-context-1,4198,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Desiya; Telugu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib67,yes -4198-location-1,4198,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3858, 82.7819]]}",,,bib5307,no +4198-location-1,4198,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3858, 82.7819]]}",,,bib5330,no 4198-location-2,4198,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.75, 83.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4198-location-3,4198,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Odisha, Koraput district, Pottangi and Nandapur blocks.""}",,,bib67,yes -4198-speaker_number-1,4198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4198-speakers-1,4198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,262"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4198-speaker_number-1,4198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4198-speakers-1,4198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,262"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4198-speaker_number-2,4198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4198-speakers-2,4198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4198-speaker_number-3,4198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4198-speakers-3,4198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4198-LEI-1,4198,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4198-vitality-1,4198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4198-LEI-1,4198,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4198-vitality-1,4198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4198-LEI-2,4198,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4198-vitality-2,4198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4198-LEI-3,4198,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4198-vitality-3,4198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4199-location-1,4199,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.96002008, 143.2350126]]}",,,bib1182,no +4199-location-1,4199,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.96002008, 143.2350126]]}",,,bib1191,no 4199-speaker_number-1,4199,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4199-speakers-1,4199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4199-speaker_number-2,4199,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4199-speakers-2,4199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4199-speaker_number-2,4199,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4199-speakers-2,4199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4199-LEI-1,4199,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4199-vitality-1,4199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4199-LEI-2,4199,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4199-vitality-2,4199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4199-LEI-2,4199,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4199-vitality-2,4199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4200-context-1,4200,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Mirima Dawang Woorlab-gerring language and culture centre""}",,,bib8,no 4200-location-1,4200,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4200-location-2,4200,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.99, 128.85]]}",,,bib1182,no -4200-speaker_number-1,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4200-speakers-1,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4200-location-2,4200,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.99, 128.85]]}",,,bib1191,no +4200-speaker_number-1,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4200-speakers-1,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4200-speaker_number-2,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 4200-speakers-2,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981 (Wurm and Hattori)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no 4200-speaker_number-3,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4200-speakers-3,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -4200-speaker_number-4,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4200-speakers-4,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4200-speaker_number-4,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4200-speakers-4,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4200-speaker_number-5,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4200-speakers-5,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4200-speaker_number-6,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -4200-speakers-6,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes -4200-LEI-1,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4200-vitality-1,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4200-speaker_number-6,4200,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +4200-speakers-6,4200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes +4200-LEI-1,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4200-vitality-1,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4200-LEI-3,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4200-vitality-3,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4200-LEI-4,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4200-vitality-4,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4200-LEI-5,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4200-vitality-5,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4200-LEI-5,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4200-vitality-5,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4200-LEI-6,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4200-vitality-6,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4200-LEI-7,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -4200-vitality-7,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -4201-context-1,4201,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All prefer English""}",,,bib7937,yes -4201-location-1,4201,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.31160269, 141.6480703]]}",,,bib1182,no +4200-LEI-7,4200,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +4200-vitality-7,4200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +4201-context-1,4201,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All prefer English""}",,,bib7962,yes +4201-location-1,4201,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.31160269, 141.6480703]]}",,,bib1191,no 4201-location-2,4201,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4201-speaker_number-1,4201,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4201-speakers-1,4201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4201-speaker_number-2,4201,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -4201-speakers-2,4201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1-2""}",,,bib7937,yes +4201-speaker_number-2,4201,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +4201-speakers-2,4201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1-2""}",,,bib7962,yes 4201-speaker_number-3,4201,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,30 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 4201-speakers-3,4201,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,30 (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 4201-LEI-1,4201,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4201-vitality-1,4201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4201-LEI-2,4201,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -4201-transmission-2,4201,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -4201-speaker_number_trends-2,4201,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7937,yes -4201-vitality-2,4201,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7937,yes +4201-LEI-2,4201,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +4201-transmission-2,4201,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +4201-speaker_number_trends-2,4201,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7962,yes +4201-vitality-2,4201,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7962,yes 4201-LEI-3,4201,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4201-vitality-3,4201,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4202-location-1,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken in the mountains of Dhofar in Oman, and in the Yemen, in the far eastern Governorate, on the \ncoast, between the border of Oman and the eastern bank of Wadi Masilah. In the North-West of the Yemen, \nMehri is spoken as far as Thamud, on the border of the Rub' al-Khali.""}",,,bib6842,no +4202-location-1,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken in the mountains of Dhofar in Oman, and in the Yemen, in the far eastern Governorate, on the \ncoast, between the border of Oman and the eastern bank of Wadi Masilah. In the North-West of the Yemen, \nMehri is spoken as far as Thamud, on the border of the Rub' al-Khali.""}",,,bib6866,no 4202-location-2,4202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.0, 51.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4202-location-3,4202,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen"", ""Oman"", ""Kuwait""]}",,,bib67,no -4202-location-4,4202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.5993, 52.8057]]}",,,bib5307,no +4202-location-4,4202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.5993, 52.8057]]}",,,bib5330,no 4202-location-5,4202,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.43, 51.15]]}",,,bib75,no -4202-location-6,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Yemen, in the easternmost governorate of Al-Mahra, accross the border in Oman, in the western part of the governorate of Dhofar, and in the highest desert plateau (Nagd), north of the coastal mountains. Half of the speaking population lives in Yemen.""}",,,bib6400,yes -4202-location-7,4202,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen"", ""Oman""], ""Description"": ""In Yemen it is spoken in the eastern governorate from the town of Seyhut on the coast to the Yemen-Omani border, in both coastal areas and hinterland. The Mehri language area continues in the south-western province of Oman, particularly in Dhofar and on the Omani desert plateau.""}",,,bib7082,no -4202-location-8,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken across eastern Yemen from Qishn in the west into Dhofar in Oman and up into the southern extremities of central Saudi Arabia.""}",,,bib7728,no -4202-speaker_number-1,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6842,no -4202-speakers-1,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6842,no +4202-location-6,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Yemen, in the easternmost governorate of Al-Mahra, accross the border in Oman, in the western part of the governorate of Dhofar, and in the highest desert plateau (Nagd), north of the coastal mountains. Half of the speaking population lives in Yemen.""}",,,bib6424,yes +4202-location-7,4202,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen"", ""Oman""], ""Description"": ""In Yemen it is spoken in the eastern governorate from the town of Seyhut on the coast to the Yemen-Omani border, in both coastal areas and hinterland. The Mehri language area continues in the south-western province of Oman, particularly in Dhofar and on the Omani desert plateau.""}",,,bib7106,no +4202-location-8,4202,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken across eastern Yemen from Qishn in the west into Dhofar in Oman and up into the southern extremities of central Saudi Arabia.""}",,,bib7753,no +4202-speaker_number-1,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6866,no +4202-speakers-1,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6866,no 4202-speaker_number-2,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There were 70,600 speakers in Yemen in the year 2000.",bib67,no 4202-speakers-2,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There were 70,600 speakers in Yemen in the year 2000.",bib67,no 4202-speaker_number-3,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4202-speakers-3,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""135,764"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -4202-speaker_number-4,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4202-speakers-4,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -4202-speaker_number-5,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6400,yes -4202-speakers-5,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6400,yes -4202-speaker_number-6,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7082,no -4202-speakers-6,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7082,no -4202-LEI-1,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,no -4202-vitality-1,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,no +4202-speaker_number-4,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4202-speakers-4,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +4202-speaker_number-5,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6424,yes +4202-speakers-5,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6424,yes +4202-speaker_number-6,4202,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7106,no +4202-speakers-6,4202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7106,no +4202-LEI-1,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,no +4202-vitality-1,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,no 4202-LEI-2,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4202-vitality-2,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4202-LEI-3,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4202-vitality-3,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4202-LEI-4,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4202-vitality-4,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4202-LEI-5,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6400,yes -4202-vitality-5,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6400,yes -4202-LEI-6,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7082,no -4202-vitality-6,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7082,no -4203-location-1,4203,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Toro and Darazo LGAs. At least 10 villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.206, 9.27], [11.0, 10.405]]}",,,bib980,yes +4202-LEI-4,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4202-vitality-4,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4202-LEI-5,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6424,yes +4202-vitality-5,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6424,yes +4202-LEI-6,4202,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7106,no +4202-vitality-6,4202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7106,no +4203-location-1,4203,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Toro and Darazo LGAs. At least 10 villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.206, 9.27], [11.0, 10.405]]}",,,bib984,yes 4203-location-2,4203,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 4203-speaker_number-1,4203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4203-speakers-1,4203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,029"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4203-speaker_number-2,4203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib980,yes -4203-speakers-2,4203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib980,yes +4203-speaker_number-2,4203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib984,yes +4203-speakers-2,4203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib984,yes 4203-speaker_number-3,4203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4203-speakers-3,4203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 4203-LEI-1,4203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4203-vitality-1,4203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4203-LEI-2,4203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -4203-vitality-2,4203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +4203-LEI-2,4203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +4203-vitality-2,4203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 4203-LEI-3,4203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4203-vitality-3,4203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4204-location-1,4204,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.04972881, 141.088921]]}",,,bib1182,no +4204-location-1,4204,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.04972881, 141.088921]]}",,,bib1191,no 4204-location-2,4204,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, north coast, west of Karumba inland on Norman river.""}",,,bib69,yes 4204-speaker_number-1,4204,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4204-speakers-1,4204,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -44158,102 +44344,102 @@ will speak Dari with their children in the home.",bib7360,yes 4204-vitality-1,4204,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4204-LEI-2,4204,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4204-vitality-2,4204,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4207-context-1,4207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Younger generations and educated people use more Nepali than Gurung.,bib3829,yes +4207-context-1,4207,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Younger generations and educated people use more Nepali than Gurung.,bib3848,yes 4207-location-1,4207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.3333333333, 84.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4207-location-2,4207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4207-location-3,4207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Gandaki zone""}",,,bib3829,yes -4207-location-4,4207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8246,no -4207-location-5,4207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.275, 84.1782]]}",,,bib5307,no +4207-location-3,4207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Gandaki zone""}",,,bib3848,yes +4207-location-4,4207,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8271,no +4207-location-5,4207,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.275, 84.1782]]}",,,bib5330,no 4207-speaker_number-1,4207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"227,000 (2007), decreasing. 338,925 all Gurung languages in Nepal (2001 census)",bib67,no 4207-speakers-1,4207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""227,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"227,000 (2007), decreasing. 338,925 all Gurung languages in Nepal (2001 census)",bib67,no 4207-speaker_number-2,4207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Numbers given here cover both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers. -""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3829,yes +""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3848,yes 4207-speakers-2,4207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""522,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""325,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Numbers given here cover both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers. -""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3829,yes -4207-speaker_number-3,4207,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8246,no -4207-speakers-3,4207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""449,189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""227,918"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 census data"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8246,no -4207-speaker_number-4,4207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4207-speakers-4,4207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""338,925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3848,yes +4207-speaker_number-3,4207,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8271,no +4207-speakers-3,4207,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""449,189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""227,918"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 census data"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8271,no +4207-speaker_number-4,4207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4207-speakers-4,4207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""338,925"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4207-speaker_number-5,4207,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4207-speakers-5,4207,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4207-LEI-1,4207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 4207-vitality-1,4207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no -4207-LEI-2,4207,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4207-transmission-2,4207,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4207-domains_of_use-2,4207,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4207-speaker_number_trends-2,4207,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4207-vitality-2,4207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4207-LEI-3,4207,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no -4207-transmission-3,4207,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no -4207-vitality-3,4207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no -4207-LEI-4,4207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4207-vitality-4,4207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4207-LEI-2,4207,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4207-transmission-2,4207,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4207-domains_of_use-2,4207,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4207-speaker_number_trends-2,4207,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4207-vitality-2,4207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4207-LEI-3,4207,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no +4207-transmission-3,4207,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no +4207-vitality-3,4207,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no +4207-LEI-4,4207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4207-vitality-4,4207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4207-LEI-5,4207,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4207-vitality-5,4207,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -421-context-1,421,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Malay, Mandarin Chinese, Hokkien"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib4565,yes +421-context-1,421,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Malay, Mandarin Chinese, Hokkien"", ""Government Support"": ""No"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib4586,yes 421-context-2,421,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southern Min, Standard Malay, English, Mandarin""}",,,bib67,no -421-location-1,421,location,"{""Places"": [""Singapore"", ""Malaysia""]}",,,bib4565,yes +421-location-1,421,location,"{""Places"": [""Singapore"", ""Malaysia""]}",,,bib4586,yes 421-location-2,421,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.75, 103.08]]}",,,bib75,no 421-location-3,421,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Singapore""]}",,,bib67,no -421-speaker_number-1,421,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4565,yes -421-speakers-1,421,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""2,000""}",,,bib4565,yes +421-speaker_number-1,421,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4586,yes +421-speakers-1,421,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Elders"": ""2,000""}",,,bib4586,yes 421-speaker_number-2,421,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,There were 10000 speakers in Singapore from an ethnic population of 250000 to 400000 (Pakir 1986). Ethnologue postulates that there is an ethnic population of 5000 people in Malaysia.,bib67,no 421-speakers-2,421,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~300000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Singapore (1986), Malaysia (unknown)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,There were 10000 speakers in Singapore from an ethnic population of 250000 to 400000 (Pakir 1986). Ethnologue postulates that there is an ethnic population of 5000 people in Malaysia.,bib67,no -421-LEI-1,421,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4565,yes -421-transmission-1,421,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4565,yes -421-domains_of_use-1,421,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4565,yes -421-speaker_number_trends-1,421,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4565,yes -421-vitality-1,421,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4565,yes +421-LEI-1,421,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4586,yes +421-transmission-1,421,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4586,yes +421-domains_of_use-1,421,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4586,yes +421-speaker_number_trends-1,421,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4586,yes +421-vitality-1,421,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4586,yes 421-LEI-2,421,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly used at home among older adults,bib67,no 421-vitality-2,421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mainly used at home among older adults,bib67,no -4210-context-1,4210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimberley Kriol, Australian English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many community members are actively engaged in language revitalisation efforts, working with linguists to produce language-learning materials and records of ethnobiological knowledge, oral history, and stories through painting.""}",,,bib1508,yes -4210-context-2,4210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5309,no -4210-location-1,4210,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken in the region from north to Warmun (Turkey Creek), west to Landsdowne & Tableland stations, and south to Yarliyil (Halls Creek), including the majority of Purnululu National Park, in East Kimberley, northern Western Australia. Gija people live in the communities of Warmun (Warrmarn), Wurreranginy (Frog Hollow), Roogoon (Crocodile Hole), Joowoorlinji (Bow River), Yarangga (Chinaman's Garden), Halls Creek, and Kununnurra.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.5227, 127.3005]]}",,,bib1508,yes +4210-context-1,4210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kimberley Kriol, Australian English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many community members are actively engaged in language revitalisation efforts, working with linguists to produce language-learning materials and records of ethnobiological knowledge, oral history, and stories through painting.""}",,,bib1520,yes +4210-context-2,4210,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5332,no +4210-location-1,4210,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken in the region from north to Warmun (Turkey Creek), west to Landsdowne & Tableland stations, and south to Yarliyil (Halls Creek), including the majority of Purnululu National Park, in East Kimberley, northern Western Australia. Gija people live in the communities of Warmun (Warrmarn), Wurreranginy (Frog Hollow), Roogoon (Crocodile Hole), Joowoorlinji (Bow River), Yarangga (Chinaman's Garden), Halls Creek, and Kununnurra.""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.5227, 127.3005]]}",,,bib1520,yes 4210-location-2,4210,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4210-location-3,4210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.72282433, 127.6836782]]}",,,bib1182,no -4210-location-4,4210,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, near Hall's Creek and Turkey Creek.""]}",,,bib5309,no -4210-speaker_number-1,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1508,yes -4210-speakers-1,4210,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1508,yes -4210-speaker_number-2,4210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4210-speakers-2,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4210-location-3,4210,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.72282433, 127.6836782]]}",,,bib1191,no +4210-location-4,4210,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, near Hall's Creek and Turkey Creek.""]}",,,bib5332,no +4210-speaker_number-1,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1520,yes +4210-speakers-1,4210,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1520,yes +4210-speaker_number-2,4210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4210-speakers-2,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4210-speaker_number-3,4210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4210-speakers-3,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 4210-speaker_number-4,4210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 4210-speakers-4,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -4210-speaker_number-5,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4210-speakers-5,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4210-speaker_number-5,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4210-speakers-5,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4210-speaker_number-6,4210,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4210-speakers-6,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4210-speaker_number-7,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 100 or more still nomadic speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -4210-speakers-7,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 100 or more still nomadic speakers were reported.",bib5309,no -4210-LEI-1,4210,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1508,yes -4210-transmission-1,4210,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1508,yes -4210-domains_of_use-1,4210,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1508,yes -4210-speaker_number_trends-1,4210,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1508,yes -4210-vitality-1,4210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1508,yes -4210-LEI-2,4210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4210-vitality-2,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4210-speaker_number-7,4210,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1983, 100 or more still nomadic speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +4210-speakers-7,4210,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1983, 100 or more still nomadic speakers were reported.",bib5332,no +4210-LEI-1,4210,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1520,yes +4210-transmission-1,4210,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1520,yes +4210-domains_of_use-1,4210,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1520,yes +4210-speaker_number_trends-1,4210,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1520,yes +4210-vitality-1,4210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1520,yes +4210-LEI-2,4210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4210-vitality-2,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4210-LEI-3,4210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4210-vitality-3,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4210-LEI-4,4210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4210-vitality-4,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4210-LEI-5,4210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4210-vitality-5,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4210-LEI-5,4210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4210-vitality-5,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4210-LEI-6,4210,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4210-vitality-6,4210,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4210-LEI-7,4210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4210-transmission-7,4210,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4210-domains_of_use-7,4210,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4210-speaker_number_trends-7,4210,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5309,no -4210-vitality-7,4210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5309,no +4210-LEI-7,4210,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4210-transmission-7,4210,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4210-domains_of_use-7,4210,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4210-speaker_number_trends-7,4210,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5332,no +4210-vitality-7,4210,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some literacy in it. ... The mother tongue of the children is the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol, in which all adults are bilingual. ...the language is endangered.",bib5332,no 4211-location-1,4211,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kebbi state: Jega LGA, near Dukawa [dud] language area."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.22, 4.38]]}",,,bib69,yes 4211-speakers-1,4211,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""As a pidgin, this language has no native speakers."", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Second language only.""}",,A contact language.,bib69,yes 4213-location-1,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia"", ""Coordinates"": [[55.53, -128.01]]}",,,bib73,yes 4213-location-2,4213,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.3333333333, -127.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4213-location-3,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""West central British Columbia, Gitxsan, middle Skeena River.""}",,,bib67,no -4213-location-4,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.355, -127.6828]]}",,,bib5307,no +4213-location-4,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.355, -127.6828]]}",,,bib5330,no 4213-location-5,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"British Columbia: the main communities are located along the Skeena, Kispiox, and Kitwanga rivers. In 6 communities: Gitanmaax Band Council Gitanyow Band Council @@ -44261,24 +44447,24 @@ Gitsegukla Band Council Gitwangak Band Council Glen Vowell Band Kispiox Band Council -Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no -4213-location-6,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,no +Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2554,no +4213-location-6,4213,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,no 4213-speaker_number-1,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib73,yes 4213-speakers-1,4213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,813"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""444"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2,901""}",,,bib73,yes 4213-speaker_number-2,4213,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4213-speakers-2,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4213-speaker_number-3,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This number reflects speakers of Gitksan [git] and Nass combined.,bib5307,no -4213-speakers-3,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""710"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This number reflects speakers of Gitksan [git] and Nass combined.,bib5307,no -4213-speaker_number-4,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -4213-speakers-4,4213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9849"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""640""}",,,bib1282,no -4213-speaker_number-5,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -4213-speakers-5,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""486""}",,,bib2541,no -4213-speaker_number-6,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Nass-Gitksan, consists of two emergent languages. (1) Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. (2) Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers.",bib5217,no -4213-speakers-6,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Nass-Gitksan, consists of two emergent languages. (1) Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. (2) Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers.",bib5217,no +4213-speaker_number-3,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,This number reflects speakers of Gitksan [git] and Nass combined.,bib5330,no +4213-speakers-3,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""710"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,This number reflects speakers of Gitksan [git] and Nass combined.,bib5330,no +4213-speaker_number-4,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +4213-speakers-4,4213,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9849"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""523"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""640""}",,,bib1291,no +4213-speaker_number-5,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +4213-speakers-5,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""486""}",,,bib2554,no +4213-speaker_number-6,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Nass-Gitksan, consists of two emergent languages. (1) Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. (2) Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers.",bib5240,no +4213-speakers-6,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Nass-Gitksan, consists of two emergent languages. (1) Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. (2) Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers.",bib5240,no 4213-speaker_number-7,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4213-speakers-7,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4213-speaker_number-8,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2905,no -4213-speakers-8,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""255 fluent and 339 semi-speakers. 648 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""339"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""648""}",,,bib2905,no +4213-speaker_number-8,4213,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2919,no +4213-speakers-8,4213,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""255 fluent and 339 semi-speakers. 648 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""339"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""648""}",,,bib2919,no 4213-LEI-1,4213,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 4213-transmission-1,4213,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib73,yes 4213-speaker_number_trends-1,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib73,yes @@ -44286,23 +44472,23 @@ Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no 4213-LEI-2,4213,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers. Taught in public schools in some communities and at the University of Northern British Columbia (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes. 1,500 also use Nisga’a [ncg].",bib67,no 4213-transmission-2,4213,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers. Taught in public schools in some communities and at the University of Northern British Columbia (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes. 1,500 also use Nisga’a [ncg].",bib67,no 4213-vitality-2,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Small number of families in which children and young people are fluent speakers. Taught in public schools in some communities and at the University of Northern British Columbia (Golla 2007). Positive attitudes. 1,500 also use Nisga’a [ncg].",bib67,no -4213-LEI-3,4213,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4213-vitality-3,4213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4213-LEI-4,4213,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1282,no -4213-transmission-4,4213,transmission,4,transmission-4,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1282,no -4213-speaker_number_trends-4,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1282,no -4213-vitality-4,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1282,no -4213-LEI-5,4213,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2541,no -4213-transmission-5,4213,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2541,no -4213-speaker_number_trends-5,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2541,no -4213-vitality-5,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2541,no -4213-LEI-6,4213,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -4213-transmission-6,4213,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -4213-speaker_number_trends-6,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -4213-vitality-6,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +4213-LEI-3,4213,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4213-vitality-3,4213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4213-LEI-4,4213,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1291,no +4213-transmission-4,4213,transmission,4,transmission-4,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1291,no +4213-speaker_number_trends-4,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1291,no +4213-vitality-4,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"5.3% fluent speakers, 6.5% semispeakers, 3.5% learners",bib1291,no +4213-LEI-5,4213,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2554,no +4213-transmission-5,4213,transmission,4,transmission-4,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2554,no +4213-speaker_number_trends-5,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2554,no +4213-vitality-5,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"4.6% fluent speakers, 4.6% semi-speakers, 8.4% learners.",bib2554,no +4213-LEI-6,4213,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +4213-transmission-6,4213,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +4213-speaker_number_trends-6,4213,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +4213-vitality-6,4213,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 4213-LEI-7,4213,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4213-vitality-7,4213,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4214-location-1,4214,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,no +4214-location-1,4214,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,no 4214-location-2,4214,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-13.2, 130.09]]}",,,bib67,yes 4214-speaker_number-1,4214,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4214-speakers-1,4214,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -44312,7 +44498,7 @@ Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no 4214-vitality-1,4214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4214-LEI-2,4214,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4214-vitality-2,4214,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4215-location-1,4215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.704599857, 146.4853973]]}",,,bib7945,no +4215-location-1,4215,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.704599857, 146.4853973]]}",,,bib7970,no 4215-location-2,4215,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4215-speaker_number-1,4215,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4215-speakers-1,4215,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""131"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -44322,90 +44508,90 @@ Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no 4215-vitality-1,4215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4215-LEI-2,4215,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4215-vitality-2,4215,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4225-context-1,4225,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1205,no -4225-context-2,4225,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin or other Chinese languages"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1219,yes -4225-location-1,4225,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.828, 109.5904]]}",,,bib5307,no -4225-location-2,4225,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Hunan""}",,,bib1205,no -4225-location-3,4225,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the border regions of Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces and Chongqing Municipality""}",,"mainly in the southern half of Longshan County, particularly in the areas bordering the Youshui River and its tributaries; some in Yongshun, Guzhang and Baojing counties",bib1219,yes +4225-context-1,4225,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1214,no +4225-context-2,4225,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin or other Chinese languages"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1228,yes +4225-location-1,4225,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.828, 109.5904]]}",,,bib5330,no +4225-location-2,4225,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern Hunan""}",,,bib1214,no +4225-location-3,4225,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the border regions of Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou Provinces and Chongqing Municipality""}",,"mainly in the southern half of Longshan County, particularly in the areas bordering the Youshui River and its tributaries; some in Yongshun, Guzhang and Baojing counties",bib1228,yes 4225-location-4,4225,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Hunan, Yingjiang and Yanhe counties, Hubei, Guizhou, Wuling Mt. range""}",,,bib67,no -4225-speaker_number-1,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4225-speakers-1,4225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4225-speaker_number-2,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,no -4225-speakers-2,4225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133 members of the Tujia nationality"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~30,000""}",,,bib1205,no -4225-speaker_number-3,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,less than 1% of the Tuija population,bib1219,yes -4225-speakers-3,4225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000000 (people listed under the Tujia nationality)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~65000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,less than 1% of the Tuija population,bib1219,yes +4225-speaker_number-1,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4225-speakers-1,4225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4225-speaker_number-2,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,no +4225-speakers-2,4225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133 members of the Tujia nationality"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~30,000""}",,,bib1214,no +4225-speaker_number-3,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,less than 1% of the Tuija population,bib1228,yes +4225-speakers-3,4225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000000 (people listed under the Tujia nationality)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~65000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,less than 1% of the Tuija population,bib1228,yes 4225-speaker_number-4,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4225-speakers-4,4225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4225-speaker_number-5,4225,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data: (Brassett and Brassett 2005). 100 monolinguals. 60% older than 50 years, 30% between 20 and 50, 10% under 25.",bib67,no 4225-speakers-5,4225,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,028,133"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data: (Brassett and Brassett 2005). 100 monolinguals. 60% older than 50 years, 30% between 20 and 50, 10% under 25.",bib67,no -4225-LEI-1,4225,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4225-vitality-1,4225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4225-LEI-2,4225,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1205,no -4225-speaker_number_trends-2,4225,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1205,no -4225-vitality-2,4225,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1205,no -4225-LEI-3,4225,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1219,yes -4225-domains_of_use-3,4225,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1219,yes -4225-speaker_number_trends-3,4225,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1219,yes -4225-vitality-3,4225,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1219,yes +4225-LEI-1,4225,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4225-vitality-1,4225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4225-LEI-2,4225,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1214,no +4225-speaker_number_trends-2,4225,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1214,no +4225-vitality-2,4225,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In rapid decline; reported to have been spoken by as many as 170,000 people twenty years ago, but now perhaps 60,000 speakers, plus about half as many with passive knowledge. There are nineteen village clusters on the borders where Longshan, Baoqing, Guzhang and Yongshun counties meet; there, the language is still spoken, in some places mainly by old people but in a few also by some children; all are bilingual in varieties of Chinese. Recently extinct in southeastern Sichuan, northeastern Guizhou and southwestern Hubei provinces, extinct or moribund in most of northwestern Hunan, severely endangered in the remaining areas.",bib1214,no +4225-LEI-3,4225,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1228,yes +4225-domains_of_use-3,4225,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1228,yes +4225-speaker_number_trends-3,4225,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1228,yes +4225-vitality-3,4225,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The use of the Tujia language varies from place to place. In the heartlands, even children are able to speak Tujia to some degree though young parents tend to raise their children in Chinese due to the socio-economic pressure. Few bilinguals.",bib1228,yes 4225-LEI-4,4225,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4225-vitality-4,4225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4225-LEI-5,4225,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Regularly used but increasingly the young prefer to speak Chinese and are encouraged by their parents.,bib67,no 4225-vitality-5,4225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Regularly used but increasingly the young prefer to speak Chinese and are encouraged by their parents.,bib67,no -4226-context-1,4226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lakona, Numa, Ambae West""}",,"pressure from larger related languages on the island such as the Lakona and Numa languages, and from the very much larger Ambae West (or Opa) on West Ambae (or Aoba) Island to the south of Gaua Island",bib7938,no -4226-location-1,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)""}",,,bib2728,yes +4226-context-1,4226,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lakona, Numa, Ambae West""}",,"pressure from larger related languages on the island such as the Lakona and Numa languages, and from the very much larger Ambae West (or Opa) on West Ambae (or Aoba) Island to the south of Gaua Island",bib7963,no +4226-location-1,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Gaua)""}",,,bib2742,yes 4226-location-2,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -4226-location-3,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.3242, 167.4728]]}",,,bib5307,no -4226-location-4,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Banks Islands, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Santa Maria (or Gaua) Island""}",,,bib7938,no -4226-speaker_number-1,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,yes -4226-speakers-1,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,yes -4226-speaker_number-2,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -4226-speakers-2,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +4226-location-3,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.3242, 167.4728]]}",,,bib5330,no +4226-location-4,4226,location,"{""Places"": [""Banks Islands, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Santa Maria (or Gaua) Island""}",,,bib7963,no +4226-speaker_number-1,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,yes +4226-speakers-1,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,yes +4226-speaker_number-2,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +4226-speakers-2,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 4226-speaker_number-3,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,160 (2003 A. Francois),bib67,no 4226-speakers-3,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,160 (2003 A. Francois),bib67,no -4226-speaker_number-4,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4226-speakers-4,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4226-speaker_number-4,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4226-speakers-4,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4226-speaker_number-6,4226,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4226-speakers-6,4226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4226-LEI-1,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,yes -4226-vitality-1,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,yes -4226-LEI-2,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -4226-vitality-2,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +4226-LEI-1,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,yes +4226-vitality-1,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,yes +4226-LEI-2,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +4226-vitality-2,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 4226-LEI-3,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4226-vitality-3,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4226-LEI-4,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4226-vitality-4,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4226-LEI-4,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4226-vitality-4,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4226-LEI-5,4226,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4226-vitality-5,4226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4227-location-1,4227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.294386, 126.711653]]}",,,bib7945,no +4227-location-1,4227,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.294386, 126.711653]]}",,,bib7970,no 4227-location-2,4227,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4227-speaker_number-1,4227,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4227-speakers-1,4227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4227-speaker_number-2,4227,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4227-speakers-2,4227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4227-speaker_number-2,4227,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4227-speakers-2,4227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4227-speaker_number-3,4227,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4227-speakers-3,4227,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4227-speakers-4,4227,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2003 (Wurm)""}",,Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 4227-LEI-1,4227,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4227-vitality-1,4227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4227-LEI-2,4227,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4227-vitality-2,4227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4227-LEI-2,4227,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4227-vitality-2,4227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4227-LEI-3,4227,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4227-vitality-3,4227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4227-LEI-4,4227,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 4227-vitality-4,4227,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -4230-context-1,4230,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib8246,no +4230-context-1,4230,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib8271,no 4230-context-2,4230,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei; English""}",,,bib67,yes -4230-location-1,4230,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1968, 93.587]]}",,,bib5307,no +4230-location-1,4230,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1968, 93.587]]}",,,bib5330,no 4230-location-2,4230,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Manipur, south Churachandpur District, 37 villages; Meghalaya; Assam. Also in Myanmar.""}",,,bib67,yes -4230-speakers-1,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib8246,no -4230-speaker_number-2,4230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4230-speakers-2,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4230-speakers-1,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,,bib8271,no +4230-speaker_number-2,4230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4230-speakers-2,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4230-speaker_number-3,4230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4230-speakers-3,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4230-speaker_number-4,4230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4230-speakers-4,4230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4230-LEI-2,4230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4230-vitality-2,4230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4230-LEI-2,4230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4230-vitality-2,4230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4230-LEI-3,4230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4230-vitality-3,4230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4230-LEI-4,4230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -44415,36 +44601,36 @@ Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no 4231-speakers-1,4231,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Possibly few speakers left."" ""Nearly extinct",bib69,yes 4231-LEI-1,4231,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4231-vitality-1,4231,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -4232-context-1,4232,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin, Zabana, Cheke Holo""}",,Kokota may be at risk from Zabana and Cheke Holo which are spreading throughout the island. Many speakers express the opinion that Cheke Holo will eventually be spoken by everyone on Santa Isabel.,bib5738,yes -4232-context-2,4232,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (or Maringhe), Zabana (or Kia), Solomon Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7938,no -4232-location-1,4232,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Kokota is spoken on Santa Isabel in three villages; Goveo, Sisiga, and Hurepelo."", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.94, 159.168], [-8.1906, 159.222]]}",,,bib5738,yes +4232-context-1,4232,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Pijin, Zabana, Cheke Holo""}",,Kokota may be at risk from Zabana and Cheke Holo which are spreading throughout the island. Many speakers express the opinion that Cheke Holo will eventually be spoken by everyone on Santa Isabel.,bib5762,yes +4232-context-2,4232,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (or Maringhe), Zabana (or Kia), Solomon Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7963,no +4232-location-1,4232,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Kokota is spoken on Santa Isabel in three villages; Goveo, Sisiga, and Hurepelo."", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.94, 159.168], [-8.1906, 159.222]]}",,,bib5762,yes 4232-location-2,4232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0, 159.133333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4232-location-3,4232,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -4232-location-4,4232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0347, 159.1781]]}",,,bib5307,no -4232-location-5,4232,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern and southwestern coast of the central part of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7938,no -4232-speaker_number-1,4232,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of Kokota speakers is probably approaching 1,200",bib5738,yes -4232-speakers-1,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of Kokota speakers is probably approaching 1,200",bib5738,yes +4232-location-4,4232,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.0347, 159.1781]]}",,,bib5330,no +4232-location-5,4232,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern and southwestern coast of the central part of Santa Isabel Island""}",,,bib7963,no +4232-speaker_number-1,4232,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of Kokota speakers is probably approaching 1,200",bib5762,yes +4232-speakers-1,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of Kokota speakers is probably approaching 1,200",bib5762,yes 4232-speaker_number-2,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,530 (1999 SIL),bib67,no 4232-speakers-2,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""530"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,530 (1999 SIL),bib67,no -4232-speaker_number-3,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4232-speakers-3,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4232-speaker_number-4,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 200 speakers were reported. There may be fewer now.",bib7938,no -4232-speakers-4,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1990, 200 speakers were reported. There may be fewer now.",bib7938,no +4232-speaker_number-3,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4232-speakers-3,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4232-speaker_number-4,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1990, 200 speakers were reported. There may be fewer now.",bib7963,no +4232-speakers-4,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1990, 200 speakers were reported. There may be fewer now.",bib7963,no 4232-speaker_number-5,4232,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4232-speakers-5,4232,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""530"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4232-LEI-1,4232,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5738,yes -4232-domains_of_use-1,4232,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5738,yes -4232-speaker_number_trends-1,4232,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5738,yes -4232-vitality-1,4232,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5738,yes +4232-LEI-1,4232,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5762,yes +4232-domains_of_use-1,4232,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5762,yes +4232-speaker_number_trends-1,4232,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5762,yes +4232-vitality-1,4232,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Kokota is the normal language of communication in all three villages where it is spoken. It is used for most purposes except schooling where English or Pijin are used. Church services are usually in Pijin.,bib5762,yes 4232-LEI-2,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4232-vitality-2,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4232-LEI-3,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4232-vitality-3,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4232-LEI-4,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -4232-vitality-4,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +4232-LEI-3,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4232-vitality-3,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4232-LEI-4,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +4232-vitality-4,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 4232-LEI-5,4232,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4232-vitality-5,4232,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4235-location-1,4235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.435442, 116.178317]]}",,,bib7945,no +4235-location-1,4235,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.435442, 116.178317]]}",,,bib7970,no 4235-location-2,4235,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4235-speaker_number-1,4235,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4235-speakers-1,4235,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -44454,395 +44640,395 @@ Urban areas, especially Terrace and Prince Rupert",bib2541,no 4235-vitality-1,4235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4235-LEI-2,4235,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4235-vitality-2,4235,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4239-location-1,4239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +4239-location-1,4239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 4239-location-2,4239,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.335053, 50.720969]]}",,,bib75,no 4239-location-3,4239,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 4239-speakers-1,4239,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,yes -4240-context-1,4240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib3813,no -4240-context-2,4240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fauwala (Gurdung association)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Today, no Gurdung person is monolingual. The older people speak Gurdung, Hausa, and usually at least another third language [...] Nowadays, more and more young people are abandoning the language and are becoming to some extent bilingual in Hausa and English.",bib3347,yes +4240-context-1,4240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib3832,no +4240-context-2,4240,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Fauwala (Gurdung association)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Today, no Gurdung person is monolingual. The older people speak Gurdung, Hausa, and usually at least another third language [...] Nowadays, more and more young people are abandoning the language and are becoming to some extent bilingual in Hausa and English.",bib3364,yes 4240-location-1,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4240-location-2,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi and Alkaleri LGAs""}",,,bib980,no -4240-location-3,4240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7415, 10.4534]]}",,,bib5307,no -4240-location-4,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Pali and Duguri districts of the Alkaleri Local Government Area in the south-eastern part of Bauchi State, Nigeria.""}",,,bib3813,no -4240-location-5,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Gurdung speakers live in several villages in the Paali and Duguri districts of the Alkaaleeri Local Government Area of Bauchi State."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.900878, 9.765803], [10.078389, 10.493463]]}",,,bib3347,yes +4240-location-2,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi and Alkaleri LGAs""}",,,bib984,no +4240-location-3,4240,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7415, 10.4534]]}",,,bib5330,no +4240-location-4,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Pali and Duguri districts of the Alkaleri Local Government Area in the south-eastern part of Bauchi State, Nigeria.""}",,,bib3832,no +4240-location-5,4240,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Gurdung speakers live in several villages in the Paali and Duguri districts of the Alkaaleeri Local Government Area of Bauchi State."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.900878, 9.765803], [10.078389, 10.493463]]}",,,bib3364,yes 4240-speaker_number-1,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4240-speakers-1,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4240-speaker_number-2,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 (1988 Jaggar)",bib980,no -4240-speakers-2,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 (1988 Jaggar)",bib980,no -4240-speaker_number-3,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4240-speakers-3,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4240-speaker_number-2,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 (1988 Jaggar)",bib984,no +4240-speakers-2,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 (1988 Jaggar)",bib984,no +4240-speaker_number-3,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4240-speakers-3,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4240-speaker_number-4,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4240-speakers-4,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4240-speaker_number-5,4240,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3813,no -4240-speakers-5,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3813,no -4240-speaker_number-6,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Community Tax Book of 1978/79 estimates the number of Gurdung in the LGA at 10,600 [...] recent research has revealed that the number is twice as many.",bib3347,yes -4240-speakers-6,4240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Community Tax Book of 1978/79 estimates the number of Gurdung in the LGA at 10,600 [...] recent research has revealed that the number is twice as many.",bib3347,yes +4240-speaker_number-5,4240,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3832,no +4240-speakers-5,4240,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3832,no +4240-speaker_number-6,4240,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Community Tax Book of 1978/79 estimates the number of Gurdung in the LGA at 10,600 [...] recent research has revealed that the number is twice as many.",bib3364,yes +4240-speakers-6,4240,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Community Tax Book of 1978/79 estimates the number of Gurdung in the LGA at 10,600 [...] recent research has revealed that the number is twice as many.",bib3364,yes 4240-LEI-1,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4240-vitality-1,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4240-LEI-2,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -4240-vitality-2,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -4240-LEI-3,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4240-vitality-3,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4240-LEI-2,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +4240-vitality-2,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +4240-LEI-3,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4240-vitality-3,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4240-LEI-4,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4240-vitality-4,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4240-LEI-5,4240,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3813,no -4240-vitality-5,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3813,no -4240-LEI-6,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of the western educated younger generation are becoming language conscious, forming language associations, giving their children Gurdung language names and making conscious efforts to learn and teach their children the language.",bib3347,yes -4240-vitality-6,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Many of the western educated younger generation are becoming language conscious, forming language associations, giving their children Gurdung language names and making conscious efforts to learn and teach their children the language.",bib3347,yes -4241-location-1,4241,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 144.6]]}",,,bib5307,no +4240-LEI-5,4240,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3832,no +4240-vitality-5,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3832,no +4240-LEI-6,4240,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of the western educated younger generation are becoming language conscious, forming language associations, giving their children Gurdung language names and making conscious efforts to learn and teach their children the language.",bib3364,yes +4240-vitality-6,4240,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Many of the western educated younger generation are becoming language conscious, forming language associations, giving their children Gurdung language names and making conscious efforts to learn and teach their children the language.",bib3364,yes +4241-location-1,4241,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 144.6]]}",,,bib5330,no 4241-location-2,4241,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -4241-speaker_number-1,4241,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4241-speakers-1,4241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4241-speaker_number-1,4241,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4241-speakers-1,4241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4241-speaker_number-2,4241,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4241-speakers-2,4241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""383"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4241-speaker_number-3,4241,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 4241-speakers-3,4241,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -4241-LEI-1,4241,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4241-vitality-1,4241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4241-LEI-1,4241,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4241-vitality-1,4241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4241-LEI-2,4241,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4241-vitality-2,4241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4241-LEI-3,4241,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4241-vitality-3,4241,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4242-location-1,4242,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Guriaso, Maragin, Wuraboi, Ekas, and Mafuara.""}",,The village of Kwieftim (Yεftim) is claimed as being in the process of switching over to Guriaso (from Ak (Abau family)).,bib717,yes +4242-location-1,4242,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Guriaso, Maragin, Wuraboi, Ekas, and Mafuara.""}",,The village of Kwieftim (Yεftim) is claimed as being in the process of switching over to Guriaso (from Ak (Abau family)).,bib721,yes 4242-location-2,4242,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.57, 141.6]]}",,,bib75,no -4242-location-3,4242,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In a few small villages east of the Kwomtari area east of Amanab in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3265,no +4242-location-3,4242,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,"In a few small villages east of the Kwomtari area east of Amanab in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea.",bib3281,no 4242-location-4,4242,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district.""}",,,bib69,no -4242-speaker_number-1,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -4242-speakers-1,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no -4242-speaker_number-2,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of the five Guriaso-speaking villages was recorded as 421, including 74 absent inhabitants.",bib717,yes -4242-speakers-2,4242,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""421"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<421"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of the five Guriaso-speaking villages was recorded as 421, including 74 absent inhabitants.",bib717,yes -4242-speaker_number-3,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3265,no -4242-speakers-3,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3265,no +4242-speaker_number-1,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +4242-speakers-1,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no +4242-speaker_number-2,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of the five Guriaso-speaking villages was recorded as 421, including 74 absent inhabitants.",bib721,yes +4242-speakers-2,4242,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""421"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<421"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of the five Guriaso-speaking villages was recorded as 421, including 74 absent inhabitants.",bib721,yes +4242-speaker_number-3,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3281,no +4242-speakers-3,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3281,no 4242-speaker_number-4,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4242-speakers-4,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""162"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4242-speaker_number-5,4242,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4242-speakers-5,4242,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4242-LEI-1,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,no -4242-vitality-1,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,no -4242-LEI-2,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib717,yes -4242-vitality-2,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib717,yes -4242-LEI-3,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,no -4242-vitality-3,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,no +4242-LEI-1,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,no +4242-vitality-1,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,no +4242-LEI-2,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib721,yes +4242-vitality-2,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib721,yes +4242-LEI-3,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,no +4242-vitality-3,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,no 4242-LEI-4,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4242-vitality-4,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4242-LEI-5,4242,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4242-vitality-5,4242,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4246-location-1,4246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6723, -84.8256]]}",,,bib5307,no +4246-location-1,4246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6723, -84.8256]]}",,,bib5330,no 4246-location-2,4246,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.75, -84.73]]}",,,bib75,no 4246-location-3,4246,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Northern Costa Rica.""}",,,bib67,yes -4246-speaker_number-1,4246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4246-speakers-1,4246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4246-speaker_number-1,4246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4246-speakers-1,4246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4246-speaker_number-2,4246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4246-speakers-2,4246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4246-speaker_number-3,4246,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"750 (2000). Ethnic population: 1,070 (200) (2013, no change.)",bib67,yes 4246-speakers-3,4246,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,074"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"750 (2000). Ethnic population: 1,070 (200) (2013, no change.)",bib67,yes -4246-LEI-1,4246,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4246-vitality-1,4246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4246-LEI-1,4246,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4246-vitality-1,4246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4246-LEI-2,4246,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4246-vitality-2,4246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4246-LEI-3,4246,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4246-vitality-3,4246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4248-location-1,4248,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,"Brazil: Amazonas and Roraima states: upper tributaries of Rio Negro, along Venezuela border. Venezuela: Amazonas state: Orinoco-Mavaca area; Eastern dialect: Parima mountains, east of Batau River; Western dialect: Manaviche, Ocamo, and upper Orinoco rivers, Padamo River basin; south of Orinoco River, Cauaburi and Marania rivers’ headwaters; large villages in Siapa River area south.",bib70,no -4248-location-2,4248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.68, -64.88]]}",,,bib3264,no -4248-location-3,4248,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +4248-location-2,4248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.68, -64.88]]}",,,bib3280,no +4248-location-3,4248,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 4248-location-4,4248,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.0, -64.0]]}",,"Orinoco-Mavaca area. Eastern dialect: Parima mountains, east of Batau river; Western dialect: Padamo river basin, Ocamo, Manaviche, and upper Orinoco rivers, and south of Orinoco river Marania and Cauaburi rivers’ headwaters, large villages in Siapa river area south.",bib67,no 4248-speaker_number-1,4248,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4248-speakers-1,4248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,653"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4248-speaker_number-2,4248,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,700 in Venezuela, 4000 in Brazil",bib70,no 4248-speakers-2,4248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Venezuela), 2006 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,700 in Venezuela, 4000 in Brazil",bib70,no -4248-speaker_number-3,4248,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 12,234 speakers (and ethnic population in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes -4248-speakers-3,4248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,234"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,234"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil (2006), Venezuela (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 12,234 speakers (and ethnic population in Venezuela (2001).",bib1902,yes +4248-speaker_number-3,4248,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 12,234 speakers (and ethnic population in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes +4248-speakers-3,4248,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,234"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,234"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Brazil (2006), Venezuela (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6000 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and 12,234 speakers (and ethnic population in Venezuela (2001).",bib1914,yes 4248-speaker_number-4,4248,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,700 in Venezuela (2000).",bib67,no 4248-speakers-4,4248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,700 in Venezuela (2000).",bib67,no 4248-LEI-1,4248,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4248-vitality-1,4248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4248-LEI-2,4248,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4248-vitality-2,4248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -4248-LEI-3,4248,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -4248-vitality-3,4248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +4248-LEI-3,4248,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +4248-vitality-3,4248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 4248-LEI-4,4248,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4248-vitality-4,4248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4249-location-1,4249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.075, 6.8499]]}",,,bib5307,no -4249-location-2,4249,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Niger State, Shiroro LGA. Gurmana town and nearby hamlets""}",,,bib980,yes +4249-location-1,4249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.075, 6.8499]]}",,,bib5330,no +4249-location-2,4249,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Niger State, Shiroro LGA. Gurmana town and nearby hamlets""}",,,bib984,yes 4249-location-3,4249,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4249-speaker_number-1,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4249-speakers-1,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4249-speaker_number-2,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated more than 3,000 (1989)",bib980,yes -4249-speakers-2,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated more than 3,000 (1989)",bib980,yes +4249-speaker_number-1,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4249-speakers-1,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4249-speaker_number-2,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated more than 3,000 (1989)",bib984,yes +4249-speakers-2,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated more than 3,000 (1989)",bib984,yes 4249-speaker_number-3,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4249-speakers-3,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4249-speaker_number-4,4249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4249-speakers-4,4249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4249-LEI-1,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4249-vitality-1,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4249-LEI-2,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -4249-vitality-2,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +4249-LEI-1,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4249-vitality-1,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4249-LEI-2,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +4249-vitality-2,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 4249-LEI-3,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4249-vitality-3,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4249-LEI-4,4249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4249-vitality-4,4249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4250-location-1,4250,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4250-location-2,4250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.118117, 145.047836]]}",,,bib7945,no -4250-location-3,4250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.8148, 144.9316]]}",,,bib5307,no -4250-speaker_number-1,4250,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,yes -4250-speakers-1,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,yes +4250-location-2,4250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.118117, 145.047836]]}",,,bib7970,no +4250-location-3,4250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.8148, 144.9316]]}",,,bib5330,no +4250-speaker_number-1,4250,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,yes +4250-speakers-1,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,yes 4250-speaker_number-2,4250,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4250-speakers-2,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 4250-speaker_number-3,4250,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 4250-speakers-3,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -4250-speaker_number-4,4250,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4250-speakers-4,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4250-speaker_number-4,4250,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4250-speakers-4,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4250-speaker_number-5,4250,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4250-speakers-5,4250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4250-LEI-1,4250,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4250-vitality-1,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4250-LEI-1,4250,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4250-vitality-1,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4250-LEI-2,4250,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4250-vitality-2,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4250-LEI-3,4250,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4250-vitality-3,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4250-LEI-4,4250,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4250-vitality-4,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4250-LEI-4,4250,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4250-vitality-4,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4250-LEI-5,4250,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4250-vitality-5,4250,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4251-context-1,4251,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Younger generations and educated people use more Nepali than Gurung.,bib3829,yes -4251-location-1,4251,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8246,no -4251-location-2,4251,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Gandaki zone""}",,,bib3829,yes +4251-context-1,4251,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Younger generations and educated people use more Nepali than Gurung.,bib3848,yes +4251-location-1,4251,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8271,no +4251-location-2,4251,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Gandaki zone""}",,,bib3848,yes 4251-location-3,4251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.3333333333, 84.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4251-location-4,4251,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India"", ""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -4251-speaker_number-1,4251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8246,no -4251-speakers-1,4251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""449,189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""227,918"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 census data"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8246,no +4251-speaker_number-1,4251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8271,no +4251-speakers-1,4251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""449,189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""227,918"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 census data"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The speaker number given here covers both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers.,bib8271,no 4251-speaker_number-2,4251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4251-speakers-2,4251,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""72,082"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4251-speaker_number-3,4251,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Numbers given here cover both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers. -""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3829,yes +""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3848,yes 4251-speakers-3,4251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""522,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""325,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Numbers given here cover both Western and Eastern Gurung speakers. -""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3829,yes +""Despite regional differences in speech that may be found, Gurungs view themselves as having one homogenous ethnic identity. Those who have left their home area may no longer speak their Gurung language, but still identify themselves with the Gurung community and culture. They refer to their ethnic community as ‘Tamu’ and their language as ‘Tamu Kyi.’ Despite acknowledging dialectal differences in various Gurung-speaking regions, they consider ‘Tamu Kyi’ to be one language."" (p.3)",bib3848,yes 4251-speaker_number-4,4251,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"125,000 in Nepal (2007). Population total all countries: 201,300. Ethnic population: 543,571",bib67,no 4251-speakers-4,4251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""543,571"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""201,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"125,000 in Nepal (2007). Population total all countries: 201,300. Ethnic population: 543,571",bib67,no -4251-LEI-1,4251,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no -4251-transmission-1,4251,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no -4251-vitality-1,4251,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8246,no +4251-LEI-1,4251,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no +4251-transmission-1,4251,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no +4251-vitality-1,4251,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""All Gurung language communities are abandoning the language in favour of Nepali. Probably no young children are being raised in the language, so that all dialects of the language are likely to go extinct after the present generation of speakers expires."" (p.310)",bib8271,no 4251-LEI-2,4251,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4251-vitality-2,4251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4251-LEI-3,4251,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4251-transmission-3,4251,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4251-domains_of_use-3,4251,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4251-speaker_number_trends-3,4251,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes -4251-vitality-3,4251,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3829,yes +4251-LEI-3,4251,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4251-transmission-3,4251,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4251-domains_of_use-3,4251,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4251-speaker_number_trends-3,4251,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes +4251-vitality-3,4251,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Overall, Gurung speakers have a positive attitude towards their language and have desires for development in their language. However, language vitality is declining. Gurung language use in the home, religious, village, and marketplace domains indicates younger and more educated speakers are using Gurung less than older and uneducated speakers. Nepali proficiency is reportedly high among all generations. The degree of intergenerational transfer of Gurung is low, especially by younger parents. The Gurung language is decreasingly being passed on to children and Nepali usage among even very young children is increasing. Gurung children are learning Nepali before they enter school and formal education is conducted in Nepali. These factors combined point to diminishing language vitality among the Gurung communities, especially among the younger generation."" (p.47)",bib3848,yes 4251-LEI-4,4251,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4251-vitality-4,4251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4254-context-1,4254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Athu; Swahili""}",,,bib6944,no -4254-context-2,4254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Asu, Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Gweno are, and probably have long been, bilingual in Asu, although the reverse is definitely not true. Most Gweno as well as Asu nowadays also speak Swahili.",bib5582,yes -4254-location-1,4254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7135, 37.6501]]}",,,bib5307,no +4254-context-1,4254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Athu; Swahili""}",,,bib6968,no +4254-context-2,4254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Asu, Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Gweno are, and probably have long been, bilingual in Asu, although the reverse is definitely not true. Most Gweno as well as Asu nowadays also speak Swahili.",bib5606,yes +4254-location-1,4254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.7135, 37.6501]]}",,,bib5330,no 4254-location-2,4254,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Kilimanjaro region: northernmost North Pare hills.""}",,,bib69,no -4254-location-3,4254,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, north eastern part, northernmost part of North Pare Hills""}",,,bib6944,no -4254-location-4,4254,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""North Pare Mountains in north-eastern Tanzania""}",,,bib5582,yes -4254-speaker_number-1,4254,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4254-speakers-1,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4254-location-3,4254,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, north eastern part, northernmost part of North Pare Hills""}",,,bib6968,no +4254-location-4,4254,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""North Pare Mountains in north-eastern Tanzania""}",,,bib5606,yes +4254-speaker_number-1,4254,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4254-speakers-1,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4254-speaker_number-2,4254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 4254-speakers-2,4254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -4254-speakers-3,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib6944,no -4254-speaker_number-5,4254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Gweno is certainly in no immediate danger of disappearing, but it only has a few thousand speakers, none of them monolingual, as far as we may ascertain, so it stands in danger of being replaced with Asu and / or Swahili within the space of one generation.",bib5582,yes -4254-speakers-5,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Gweno is certainly in no immediate danger of disappearing, but it only has a few thousand speakers, none of them monolingual, as far as we may ascertain, so it stands in danger of being replaced with Asu and / or Swahili within the space of one generation.",bib5582,yes -4254-LEI-1,4254,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4254-vitality-1,4254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4254-speakers-3,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib6968,no +4254-speaker_number-5,4254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Gweno is certainly in no immediate danger of disappearing, but it only has a few thousand speakers, none of them monolingual, as far as we may ascertain, so it stands in danger of being replaced with Asu and / or Swahili within the space of one generation.",bib5606,yes +4254-speakers-5,4254,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Gweno is certainly in no immediate danger of disappearing, but it only has a few thousand speakers, none of them monolingual, as far as we may ascertain, so it stands in danger of being replaced with Asu and / or Swahili within the space of one generation.",bib5606,yes +4254-LEI-1,4254,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4254-vitality-1,4254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4254-LEI-2,4254,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4254-vitality-2,4254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4254-LEI-3,4254,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is under increasing pressure from Asu and Swahili.,bib5582,yes -4254-vitality-3,4254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is under increasing pressure from Asu and Swahili.,bib5582,yes -4255-context-1,4255,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shina""}",,,bib6094,yes -4255-location-1,4255,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Mahrin, on the east bank of the Indus""}",,,bib740,no +4254-LEI-3,4254,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is under increasing pressure from Asu and Swahili.,bib5606,yes +4254-vitality-3,4254,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is under increasing pressure from Asu and Swahili.,bib5606,yes +4255-context-1,4255,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shina""}",,,bib6118,yes +4255-location-1,4255,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Mahrin, on the east bank of the Indus""}",,,bib744,no 4255-location-2,4255,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4255-location-3,4255,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,Spoken on the east bank of the Indus in Distinct Kohistan mainly in the village of Mahrin,bib6094,yes -4255-location-4,4255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0254, 72.9341]]}",,,bib5307,no +4255-location-3,4255,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,Spoken on the east bank of the Indus in Distinct Kohistan mainly in the village of Mahrin,bib6118,yes +4255-location-4,4255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0254, 72.9341]]}",,,bib5330,no 4255-location-5,4255,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.157472, 73.141853]]}",,,bib75,no -4255-speaker_number-1,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib740,no -4255-speakers-1,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib740,no +4255-speaker_number-1,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib744,no +4255-speakers-1,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib744,no 4255-speaker_number-2,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4255-speakers-2,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4255-speaker_number-3,4255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,yes -4255-speakers-3,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,yes -4255-speaker_number-4,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4255-speakers-4,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4255-speaker_number-3,4255,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,yes +4255-speakers-3,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,yes +4255-speaker_number-4,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4255-speakers-4,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4255-speaker_number-5,4255,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4255-speakers-5,4255,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4255-LEI-1,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4255-vitality-1,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4255-LEI-1,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4255-vitality-1,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4255-LEI-2,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4255-vitality-2,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4255-LEI-3,4255,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Hallberg (in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 131). says that ‘it would seem that the dominance of Shina may be slowly erasing the use of Gowro’. Baart (2003) confirms that only a 1000 speakers are left now and it may be dying.",bib6094,yes -4255-vitality-3,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Hallberg (in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 131). says that ‘it would seem that the dominance of Shina may be slowly erasing the use of Gowro’. Baart (2003) confirms that only a 1000 speakers are left now and it may be dying.",bib6094,yes -4255-LEI-4,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4255-vitality-4,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4255-LEI-3,4255,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Hallberg (in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 131). says that ‘it would seem that the dominance of Shina may be slowly erasing the use of Gowro’. Baart (2003) confirms that only a 1000 speakers are left now and it may be dying.",bib6118,yes +4255-vitality-3,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Hallberg (in SSNP Vol. 1, 1992: 131). says that ‘it would seem that the dominance of Shina may be slowly erasing the use of Gowro’. Baart (2003) confirms that only a 1000 speakers are left now and it may be dying.",bib6118,yes +4255-LEI-4,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4255-vitality-4,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4255-LEI-5,4255,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4255-vitality-5,4255,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4256-context-2,4256,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, bazaar, contact with police or government officials""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto; Urdu; Khowar"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,Urdu is the national language and the language prescribed for use in the schools in Pakistan [while] Pashto is the dominant second language in the Gawar area... Respondents indicated that their language is important for use with Gawar-bati speakers from other villages and is important for maintaining a sense of ethnic unity and identity.,bib2046,yes -4256-location-1,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Pakistan, India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -4256-location-2,4256,location,"{""Description"": ""Nishagam (Palazgor), Nari, Birkot, and Dokalam in the Kunar valley, and in Arandu""}",,"Most residents were displaced during the war, but many have now returned to their homes.",bib740,no +4256-context-2,4256,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, bazaar, contact with police or government officials""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto; Urdu; Khowar"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,Urdu is the national language and the language prescribed for use in the schools in Pakistan [while] Pashto is the dominant second language in the Gawar area... Respondents indicated that their language is important for use with Gawar-bati speakers from other villages and is important for maintaining a sense of ethnic unity and identity.,bib2059,yes +4256-location-1,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Pakistan, India""], ""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +4256-location-2,4256,location,"{""Description"": ""Nishagam (Palazgor), Nari, Birkot, and Dokalam in the Kunar valley, and in Arandu""}",,"Most residents were displaced during the war, but many have now returned to their homes.",bib744,no 4256-location-3,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4256-location-4,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral, Arandu, Kunar river along Pakistan-Afghanistan border""}",,,bib6094,no -4256-location-5,4256,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.158, 71.4083]]}",,,bib5307,no +4256-location-4,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral, Arandu, Kunar river along Pakistan-Afghanistan border""}",,,bib6118,no +4256-location-5,4256,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.158, 71.4083]]}",,,bib5330,no 4256-location-6,4256,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.204133, 71.553192]]}",,,bib75,no -4256-location-7,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan, Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The people who speak Gawar-bati live along the Kunar River, predominantly in the Afghanistan-Pakistan border area near the village of Arandu in the Chitral District of\nPakistan."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.310503, 71.550815]]}",,,bib2046,yes -4256-speaker_number-1,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data gathered prior to the war,bib740,no -4256-speakers-1,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data gathered prior to the war,bib740,no +4256-location-7,4256,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan, Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The people who speak Gawar-bati live along the Kunar River, predominantly in the Afghanistan-Pakistan border area near the village of Arandu in the Chitral District of\nPakistan."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.310503, 71.550815]]}",,,bib2059,yes +4256-speaker_number-1,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data gathered prior to the war,bib744,no +4256-speakers-1,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data gathered prior to the war,bib744,no 4256-speaker_number-2,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 in Afghanistan. Population total all countries: 9,500.",bib67,no 4256-speakers-2,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 in Afghanistan. Population total all countries: 9,500.",bib67,no -4256-speaker_number-3,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -4256-speakers-3,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -4256-speaker_number-4,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4256-speakers-4,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4256-speaker_number-3,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +4256-speakers-3,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +4256-speaker_number-4,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4256-speakers-4,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4256-speaker_number-5,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4256-speakers-5,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4256-speaker_number-6,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There is a possible estimate of 1500 speakers in Pakistan... [reports] would suggest a population of 6500 to 8500 speakers of Gawar-bati in Afghanistan. These are very rough estimations.,bib2046,yes -4256-speakers-6,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There is a possible estimate of 1500 speakers in Pakistan... [reports] would suggest a population of 6500 to 8500 speakers of Gawar-bati in Afghanistan. These are very rough estimations.,bib2046,yes -4256-LEI-1,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4256-vitality-1,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4256-speaker_number-6,4256,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There is a possible estimate of 1500 speakers in Pakistan... [reports] would suggest a population of 6500 to 8500 speakers of Gawar-bati in Afghanistan. These are very rough estimations.,bib2059,yes +4256-speakers-6,4256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There is a possible estimate of 1500 speakers in Pakistan... [reports] would suggest a population of 6500 to 8500 speakers of Gawar-bati in Afghanistan. These are very rough estimations.,bib2059,yes +4256-LEI-1,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4256-vitality-1,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4256-LEI-2,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4256-vitality-2,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4256-LEI-3,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality",bib6094,no -4256-vitality-3,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality",bib6094,no -4256-LEI-4,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4256-vitality-4,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4256-LEI-3,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality",bib6118,no +4256-vitality-3,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality",bib6118,no +4256-LEI-4,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4256-vitality-4,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4256-LEI-5,4256,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4256-vitality-5,4256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4256-LEI-6,4256,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2046,yes -4256-transmission-6,4256,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2046,yes -4256-domains_of_use-6,4256,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2046,yes -4256-vitality-6,4256,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2046,yes -4257-location-1,4257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.02423918, 147.6605303]]}",,,bib1182,no -4257-speakers-1,4257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,The last speaker passed away in the late 1990s.,bib1182,no +4256-LEI-6,4256,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2059,yes +4256-transmission-6,4256,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2059,yes +4256-domains_of_use-6,4256,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2059,yes +4256-vitality-6,4256,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All respondents reported that Gawar-bati is the language of the home, used with wives, children, and extended family members.... Available evidence indicates that it is a viable and relatively vital minority language at present. Within the areas where it is spoken, Gawar-bati is the undisputed choice in all in-group domains, other languages being chosen only when there is a need to communicate with non-Gawar.",bib2059,yes +4257-location-1,4257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.02423918, 147.6605303]]}",,,bib1191,no +4257-speakers-1,4257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,The last speaker passed away in the late 1990s.,bib1191,no 4257-speaker_number-2,4257,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4257-speakers-2,4257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4257-speaker_number-3,4257,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4257-speakers-3,4257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -4257-LEI-1,4257,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -4257-vitality-1,4257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +4257-speaker_number-3,4257,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4257-speakers-3,4257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +4257-LEI-1,4257,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +4257-vitality-1,4257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 4257-LEI-2,4257,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4257-vitality-2,4257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4257-LEI-3,4257,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4257-vitality-3,4257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4258-context-1,4258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, English, Iban"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"No monolinguals. Most speakers of Kanowit use Malay, English, or Iban in their daily communications. Parents typically speak to their children in Malay. Most of the Kanowit-speaking community is in the diaspora.",bib6909,yes -4258-context-2,4258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iban""}",,The language is receding before Iban. Lots of Iban borrowings,bib7938,no -4258-location-1,4258,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.0652, 112.1489]]}",,,bib5307,no -4258-location-2,4258,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.087396, 112.165452]]}",,,bib6909,yes -4258-location-3,4258,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Middle Rejang River, in the third administrative division.""}",,,bib7938,no +4257-LEI-3,4257,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4257-vitality-3,4257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4258-context-1,4258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, English, Iban"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"No monolinguals. Most speakers of Kanowit use Malay, English, or Iban in their daily communications. Parents typically speak to their children in Malay. Most of the Kanowit-speaking community is in the diaspora.",bib6933,yes +4258-context-2,4258,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iban""}",,The language is receding before Iban. Lots of Iban borrowings,bib7963,no +4258-location-1,4258,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.0652, 112.1489]]}",,,bib5330,no +4258-location-2,4258,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.087396, 112.165452]]}",,,bib6933,yes +4258-location-3,4258,location,"{""Places"": [""Sarawak, Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Middle Rejang River, in the third administrative division.""}",,,bib7963,no 4258-location-4,4258,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -4258-speaker_number-1,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4258-speakers-1,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4258-speaker_number-2,4258,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6909,yes -4258-speakers-2,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few hundred"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib6909,yes -4258-speaker_number-3,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, there were still 170 speakers, but they are much less now.",bib7938,no -4258-speakers-3,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, there were still 170 speakers, but they are much less now.",bib7938,no +4258-speaker_number-1,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4258-speakers-1,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4258-speaker_number-2,4258,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6933,yes +4258-speakers-2,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few hundred"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib6933,yes +4258-speaker_number-3,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, there were still 170 speakers, but they are much less now.",bib7963,no +4258-speakers-3,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, there were still 170 speakers, but they are much less now.",bib7963,no 4258-speaker_number-4,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4258-speakers-4,4258,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4258-speaker_number-5,4258,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 500.,bib67,no 4258-speakers-5,4258,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (2000 S. Wurm). Ethnic population: 500.,bib67,no -4258-LEI-1,4258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4258-vitality-1,4258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4258-LEI-2,4258,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6909,yes -4258-transmission-2,4258,transmission,2,transmission-2,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6909,yes -4258-domains_of_use-2,4258,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6909,yes -4258-speaker_number_trends-2,4258,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6909,yes -4258-vitality-2,4258,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6909,yes -4258-LEI-3,4258,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7938,no -4258-speaker_number_trends-3,4258,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7938,no -4258-vitality-3,4258,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7938,no +4258-LEI-1,4258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4258-vitality-1,4258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4258-LEI-2,4258,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6933,yes +4258-transmission-2,4258,transmission,2,transmission-2,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6933,yes +4258-domains_of_use-2,4258,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6933,yes +4258-speaker_number_trends-2,4258,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6933,yes +4258-vitality-2,4258,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Kanowit is not being passed on to the next generation.,bib6933,yes +4258-LEI-3,4258,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7963,no +4258-speaker_number_trends-3,4258,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7963,no +4258-vitality-3,4258,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Young generation prefers Iban,bib7963,no 4258-LEI-4,4258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4258-vitality-4,4258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4258-LEI-5,4258,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4258-vitality-5,4258,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4259-context-1,4259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6944,no -4259-context-2,4259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7615,yes +4259-context-1,4259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6968,no +4259-context-2,4259,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7640,yes 4259-location-1,4259,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4259-location-2,4259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3865, 9.3122]]}",,,bib5307,no -4259-location-3,4259,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Lame District""}",,,bib6944,no -4259-location-4,4259,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Toro LGA, Lame district""}",,,bib980,no +4259-location-2,4259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3865, 9.3122]]}",,,bib5330,no +4259-location-3,4259,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Lame District""}",,,bib6968,no +4259-location-4,4259,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Toro LGA, Lame district""}",,,bib984,no 4259-speaker_number-1,4259,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4259-speakers-1,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4259-speaker_number-2,4259,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4259-speakers-2,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4259-speaker_number-2,4259,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4259-speakers-2,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4259-speaker_number-3,4259,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4259-speakers-3,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4259-speaker_number-4,4259,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -4259-speakers-4,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -4259-speaker_number-5,4259,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,100 (LA 1971),bib980,no -4259-speakers-5,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,100 (LA 1971),bib980,no -4259-speaker_number-6,4259,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -4259-speakers-6,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4259-speaker_number-4,4259,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +4259-speakers-4,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +4259-speaker_number-5,4259,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,100 (LA 1971),bib984,no +4259-speakers-5,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,100 (LA 1971),bib984,no +4259-speaker_number-6,4259,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +4259-speakers-6,4259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4259-LEI-1,4259,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4259-vitality-1,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4259-LEI-2,4259,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4259-vitality-2,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4259-LEI-2,4259,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4259-vitality-2,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4259-LEI-3,4259,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4259-vitality-3,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4259-LEI-4,4259,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4259-vitality-4,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4259-LEI-5,4259,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -4259-vitality-5,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -4259-LEI-6,4259,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4259-vitality-6,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4260-location-1,4260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.88011934, 148.6271626]]}",,,bib1182,no +4259-LEI-4,4259,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4259-vitality-4,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4259-LEI-5,4259,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +4259-vitality-5,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +4259-LEI-6,4259,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4259-vitality-6,4259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4260-location-1,4260,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.88011934, 148.6271626]]}",,,bib1191,no 4260-speaker_number-2,4260,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4260-speakers-2,4260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4260-speaker_number-3,4260,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4260-speakers-3,4260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -4260-LEI-1,4260,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -4260-vitality-1,4260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +4260-speaker_number-3,4260,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4260-speakers-3,4260,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +4260-LEI-1,4260,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +4260-vitality-1,4260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 4260-LEI-2,4260,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4260-vitality-2,4260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4260-LEI-3,4260,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4260-vitality-3,4260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4261-location-1,4261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.64957662, 145.9658542]]}",,,bib1182,no +4260-LEI-3,4260,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4260-vitality-3,4260,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4261-location-1,4261,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.64957662, 145.9658542]]}",,,bib1191,no 4261-speaker_number-1,4261,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,yes 4261-speakers-1,4261,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,yes 4261-LEI-1,4261,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4261-vitality-1,4261,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -4262-location-1,4262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8036, 51.6211]]}",,,bib5307,no +4262-location-1,4262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8036, 51.6211]]}",,,bib5330,no 4262-location-2,4262,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.034319, 49.454314]]}",,,bib75,no 4262-location-3,4262,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -4262-speaker_number-1,4262,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4262-speakers-1,4262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4262-speaker_number-1,4262,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4262-speakers-1,4262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4262-speaker_number-2,4262,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4262-speakers-2,4262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,033"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4262-speaker_number-3,4262,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4262-speakers-3,4262,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4262-LEI-1,4262,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4262-vitality-1,4262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4262-LEI-1,4262,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4262-vitality-1,4262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4262-LEI-2,4262,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4262-vitality-2,4262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4262-LEI-3,4262,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4262-vitality-3,4262,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4263-location-1,4263,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Iraq""], ""Description"": ""The version of the language we are describing is spoken in Pa\u0302wa, 10 miles to the southeast [of Nausud (Luhon)]."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.042153, 46.359129]]}",,,bib5625,yes +4263-location-1,4263,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Iraq""], ""Description"": ""The version of the language we are describing is spoken in Pa\u0302wa, 10 miles to the southeast [of Nausud (Luhon)]."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.042153, 46.359129]]}",,,bib5649,yes 4263-location-2,4263,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.84, 44.5]]}",,,bib75,no 4263-location-3,4263,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.75, 45.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4263-location-4,4263,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Near Halabja, east of Suleimaniye, Topzawa near Tawuq, pockets from Mosul to Khanaqin. Also in Iran.""}",,,bib67,no 4263-speaker_number-1,4263,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4263-speakers-1,4263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,047"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4263-speaker_number-2,4263,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers of Hawrami is unknown, but is probably less than 100,000, possibly less than 50,000.",bib5625,yes -4263-speakers-2,4263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers of Hawrami is unknown, but is probably less than 100,000, possibly less than 50,000.",bib5625,yes +4263-speaker_number-2,4263,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers of Hawrami is unknown, but is probably less than 100,000, possibly less than 50,000.",bib5649,yes +4263-speakers-2,4263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers of Hawrami is unknown, but is probably less than 100,000, possibly less than 50,000.",bib5649,yes 4263-speaker_number-3,4263,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"21,100 in Iraq (2000). Several hundred thousand for Gurani speakers in both Iraq and Iran (Blau 1989). Population total all countries: 44,000.",bib67,no 4263-speakers-3,4263,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~44,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"21,100 in Iraq (2000). Several hundred thousand for Gurani speakers in both Iraq and Iran (Blau 1989). Population total all countries: 44,000.",bib67,no 4263-LEI-1,4263,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4263-vitality-1,4263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4263-LEI-2,4263,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5625,yes -4263-vitality-2,4263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5625,yes +4263-LEI-2,4263,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5649,yes +4263-vitality-2,4263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5649,yes 4263-LEI-3,4263,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4263-vitality-3,4263,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4265-location-1,4265,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.0011, 77.3107]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4265-location-1,4265,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.0011, 77.3107]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4265-location-2,4265,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4265-speaker_number-1,4265,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -4265-speakers-1,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -4265-speakers-2,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a few speakers remain""}",,,bib7525,no +4265-speaker_number-1,4265,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +4265-speakers-1,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +4265-speakers-2,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Only a few speakers remain""}",,,bib7550,no 4265-speaker_number-3,4265,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4265-speakers-3,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4265-speaker_number-4,4265,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4265-speakers-4,4265,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4265-LEI-1,4265,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4265-vitality-1,4265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4265-LEI-1,4265,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4265-vitality-1,4265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4265-LEI-3,4265,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4265-vitality-3,4265,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4265-LEI-4,4265,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -44859,186 +45045,186 @@ Venezuela: Amazonas state: Orinoco-Mavaca area; Eastern dialect: Parima mountain 4266-vitality-1,4266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Essentially uncontacted.,bib233,no 4266-LEI-2,4266,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4266-vitality-2,4266,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4267-context-1,4267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,"The influence of the national language Bislama may be a reason for dwindling speaker number, as may emigration.",bib7938,yes -4267-location-1,4267,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken on] Hiw... the northernmost island of the Vanuatu archipelago."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.153039, 166.561607]]}",,,bib2750,no +4267-context-1,4267,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,"The influence of the national language Bislama may be a reason for dwindling speaker number, as may emigration.",bib7963,yes +4267-location-1,4267,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken on] Hiw... the northernmost island of the Vanuatu archipelago."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.153039, 166.561607]]}",,,bib2764,no 4267-location-2,4267,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -4267-location-3,4267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.1343, 166.5671]]}",,,bib5307,no -4267-location-4,4267,location,"{""Places"": [""Torres Islands, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Hiw Island""}",,,bib7938,yes -4267-speaker_number-1,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2750,no -4267-speakers-1,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2750,no -4267-speaker_number-2,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -4267-speakers-2,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +4267-location-3,4267,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.1343, 166.5671]]}",,,bib5330,no +4267-location-4,4267,location,"{""Places"": [""Torres Islands, Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Hiw Island""}",,,bib7963,yes +4267-speaker_number-1,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2764,no +4267-speakers-1,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2764,no +4267-speaker_number-2,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +4267-speakers-2,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 4267-speaker_number-3,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4267-speakers-3,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Francois)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4267-speaker_number-4,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4267-speakers-4,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4267-speaker_number-5,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 120 speakers were reported, though in 1981, only fifty were said to exist.",bib7938,yes -4267-speakers-5,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 120 speakers were reported, though in 1981, only fifty were said to exist.",bib7938,yes +4267-speaker_number-4,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4267-speakers-4,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4267-speaker_number-5,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 120 speakers were reported, though in 1981, only fifty were said to exist.",bib7963,yes +4267-speakers-5,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 120 speakers were reported, though in 1981, only fifty were said to exist.",bib7963,yes 4267-speaker_number-6,4267,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4267-speakers-6,4267,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4267-LEI-1,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2750,no -4267-vitality-1,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2750,no -4267-LEI-2,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -4267-vitality-2,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +4267-LEI-1,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2764,no +4267-vitality-1,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2764,no +4267-LEI-2,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +4267-vitality-2,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 4267-LEI-3,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4267-vitality-3,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4267-LEI-4,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4267-vitality-4,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4267-LEI-5,4267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7938,yes -4267-speaker_number_trends-5,4267,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7938,yes -4267-vitality-5,4267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7938,yes +4267-LEI-4,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4267-vitality-4,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4267-LEI-5,4267,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7963,yes +4267-speaker_number_trends-5,4267,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7963,yes +4267-vitality-5,4267,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speaker numbers are dwindling.,bib7963,yes 4267-LEI-6,4267,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4267-vitality-6,4267,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4270-context-1,4270,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Roviana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7938,no -4270-context-2,4270,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin, Roviana, Marovo, English""}",,,bib2012,yes +4270-context-1,4270,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Roviana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7963,no +4270-context-2,4270,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin, Roviana, Marovo, English""}",,,bib2024,yes 4270-location-1,4270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.08333333333, 157.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4270-location-2,4270,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -4270-location-3,4270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1883, 157.6036]]}",,,bib5307,no -4270-location-4,4270,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North Marovo lagoon, on the central\nnorthern coast of the main New Georgia Island.""}",,,bib7938,no -4270-location-5,4270,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the north coast of New Georgia island. There are also communities of speakers in the regional capital, Gizo""}",,,bib2012,yes +4270-location-3,4270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.1883, 157.6036]]}",,,bib5330,no +4270-location-4,4270,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""North Marovo lagoon, on the central\nnorthern coast of the main New Georgia Island.""}",,,bib7963,no +4270-location-5,4270,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the north coast of New Georgia island. There are also communities of speakers in the regional capital, Gizo""}",,,bib2024,yes 4270-speaker_number-1,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4270-speakers-1,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4270-speaker_number-2,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4270-speakers-2,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4270-speaker_number-3,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported.",bib7938,no -4270-speakers-3,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported.",bib7938,no +4270-speaker_number-2,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4270-speakers-2,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4270-speaker_number-3,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported.",bib7963,no +4270-speakers-3,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 600 speakers were reported.",bib7963,no 4270-speaker_number-4,4270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4270-speakers-4,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""459"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4270-speaker_number-5,4270,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Though other sources list the number of speakers as less than 500, Davis (who is the only source with prolonged individual contact with Hoava speakers) reports numbers that are much higher. Davis includes speakers of the Kusaghe dialect, considered by some to be a seperate language. However, even if one removes Kusaghe from the calculations, Davis lists 1,230 Kusaghe speakers, which leaves over 1,100 speakers of the Hoava dialect.",bib2012,yes -4270-speakers-5,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Though other sources list the number of speakers as less than 500, Davis (who is the only source with prolonged individual contact with Hoava speakers) reports numbers that are much higher. Davis includes speakers of the Kusaghe dialect, considered by some to be a seperate language. However, even if one removes Kusaghe from the calculations, Davis lists 1,230 Kusaghe speakers, which leaves over 1,100 speakers of the Hoava dialect.",bib2012,yes +4270-speaker_number-5,4270,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Though other sources list the number of speakers as less than 500, Davis (who is the only source with prolonged individual contact with Hoava speakers) reports numbers that are much higher. Davis includes speakers of the Kusaghe dialect, considered by some to be a seperate language. However, even if one removes Kusaghe from the calculations, Davis lists 1,230 Kusaghe speakers, which leaves over 1,100 speakers of the Hoava dialect.",bib2024,yes +4270-speakers-5,4270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Though other sources list the number of speakers as less than 500, Davis (who is the only source with prolonged individual contact with Hoava speakers) reports numbers that are much higher. Davis includes speakers of the Kusaghe dialect, considered by some to be a seperate language. However, even if one removes Kusaghe from the calculations, Davis lists 1,230 Kusaghe speakers, which leaves over 1,100 speakers of the Hoava dialect.",bib2024,yes 4270-LEI-1,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4270-vitality-1,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4270-LEI-2,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4270-vitality-2,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4270-LEI-3,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -4270-vitality-3,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +4270-LEI-2,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4270-vitality-2,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4270-LEI-3,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +4270-vitality-3,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 4270-LEI-4,4270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4270-vitality-4,4270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4270-LEI-5,4270,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2012,yes -4270-domains_of_use-5,4270,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2012,yes -4270-speaker_number_trends-5,4270,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2012,yes -4270-vitality-5,4270,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2012,yes -4271-context-1,4271,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, school, army""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army). Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related.",bib6842,no -4271-location-1,4271,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman"", ""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken on the border between Oman and the Yemen (in the area of Jadib and Hawf, and Haberut seems to be the northern boundary of their area).""}",,,bib6842,no +4270-LEI-5,4270,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2024,yes +4270-domains_of_use-5,4270,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2024,yes +4270-speaker_number_trends-5,4270,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2024,yes +4270-vitality-5,4270,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"When speaking with Marovo speakers, Hoava speakers switch entirely to Marovo, and Marovo speakers are not expected to speak Hoava. In schools Roviana and Pijin are mostly used. There does not seem to be much attrition, though the use of Roviana and pijin words in Hoava speech has been reported as rising.",bib2024,yes +4271-context-1,4271,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, school, army""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army). Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related.",bib6866,no +4271-location-1,4271,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman"", ""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken on the border between Oman and the Yemen (in the area of Jadib and Hawf, and Haberut seems to be the northern boundary of their area).""}",,,bib6866,no 4271-location-2,4271,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman"", ""Yemen""], ""Description"": ""Near Yemen border. Also in Yemen""}",,,bib67,no -4271-location-3,4271,location,"{""Description"": ""Eastern Mahra and Oman, some along the coast""}",,,bib6841,yes -4271-location-4,4271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.6388, 53.0612]]}",,,bib5307,no +4271-location-3,4271,location,"{""Description"": ""Eastern Mahra and Oman, some along the coast""}",,,bib6865,yes +4271-location-4,4271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.6388, 53.0612]]}",,,bib5330,no 4271-location-5,4271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.22, 52.83]]}",,,bib75,no -4271-location-6,4271,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a small area straddling the border of Yemen and Oman.""}",,,bib7728,no -4271-speaker_number-1,4271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Regular contacts with Jibbali speakers have an effect upon this speech.,bib6842,no -4271-speakers-1,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Regular contacts with Jibbali speakers have an effect upon this speech.,bib6842,no +4271-location-6,4271,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a small area straddling the border of Yemen and Oman.""}",,,bib7753,no +4271-speaker_number-1,4271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Regular contacts with Jibbali speakers have an effect upon this speech.,bib6866,no +4271-speakers-1,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Regular contacts with Jibbali speakers have an effect upon this speech.,bib6866,no 4271-speaker_number-2,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"100 in Oman. Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Mutzafi (1998).",bib67,no 4271-speakers-2,4271,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"100 in Oman. Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Mutzafi (1998).",bib67,no -4271-speaker_number-3,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6841,yes -4271-speakers-3,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6841,yes -4271-speaker_number-4,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4271-speakers-4,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4271-speaker_number-5,4271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7081,no -4271-speakers-5,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7081,no +4271-speaker_number-3,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6865,yes +4271-speakers-3,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6865,yes +4271-speaker_number-4,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4271-speakers-4,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4271-speaker_number-5,4271,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7105,no +4271-speakers-5,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7105,no 4271-speaker_number-6,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4271-speakers-6,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4271-speaker_number-7,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7728,no -4271-speakers-7,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7728,no -4271-LEI-1,4271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,no -4271-vitality-1,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,no +4271-speaker_number-7,4271,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7753,no +4271-speakers-7,4271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7753,no +4271-LEI-1,4271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,no +4271-vitality-1,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,no 4271-LEI-2,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4271-vitality-2,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4271-LEI-3,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6841,yes -4271-vitality-3,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6841,yes -4271-LEI-4,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4271-vitality-4,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4271-LEI-5,4271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7081,no -4271-vitality-5,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7081,no +4271-LEI-3,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6865,yes +4271-vitality-3,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6865,yes +4271-LEI-4,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4271-vitality-4,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4271-LEI-5,4271,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7105,no +4271-vitality-5,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7105,no 4271-LEI-6,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4271-vitality-6,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4271-LEI-7,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7728,no -4271-vitality-7,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7728,no -4273-location-1,4273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.3352, 34.53]]}",,,bib5307,no +4271-LEI-7,4271,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7753,no +4271-vitality-7,4271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7753,no +4273-location-1,4273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.3352, 34.53]]}",,,bib5330,no 4273-location-2,4273,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4273-speaker_number-1,4273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4273-speakers-1,4273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4273-speaker_number-1,4273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4273-speakers-1,4273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4273-speaker_number-2,4273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4273-speakers-2,4273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4273-speaker_number-3,4273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4273-speakers-3,4273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4273-LEI-1,4273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4273-vitality-1,4273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4273-LEI-1,4273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4273-vitality-1,4273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4273-LEI-2,4273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4273-vitality-2,4273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4273-LEI-3,4273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4273-vitality-3,4273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4274-location-1,4274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.65, 97.0666]]}",,,bib5307,no -4274-location-2,4274,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Irrawaddy gorge north of Bhamo""}",,,bib1205,yes +4274-location-1,4274,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.65, 97.0666]]}",,,bib5330,no +4274-location-2,4274,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Irrawaddy gorge north of Bhamo""}",,,bib1214,yes 4274-location-3,4274,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""]}",,,bib67,no -4274-speakers-1,4274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Ethnic Hpun people scatter in about 15 villages. Survey work in the 1959 found that there are two dialectal varieties based on place names where the southern variety (me42 ʨo11) is now extinct and the northern variety (səmɑŋ42) was then severely endangered. None of the older speakers can speak the language fluently. They only remember some lexical items.,bib1205,yes +4274-speakers-1,4274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Ethnic Hpun people scatter in about 15 villages. Survey work in the 1959 found that there are two dialectal varieties based on place names where the southern variety (me42 ʨo11) is now extinct and the northern variety (səmɑŋ42) was then severely endangered. None of the older speakers can speak the language fluently. They only remember some lexical items.,bib1214,yes 4274-speaker_number-2,4274,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,A few hundred speakers (Bradley 1997). Data for the ethnic population is from WCD (2000).,bib67,no 4274-speakers-2,4274,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,254"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,A few hundred speakers (Bradley 1997). Data for the ethnic population is from WCD (2000).,bib67,no -4274-LEI-1,4274,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1205,yes -4274-vitality-1,4274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1205,yes +4274-LEI-1,4274,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1214,yes +4274-vitality-1,4274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1214,yes 4274-LEI-2,4274,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4274-vitality-2,4274,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4275-context-1,4275,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language""}",,,bib67,no -4275-location-1,4275,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Hawaii""]}",,,bib7915,yes +4275-location-1,4275,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Hawaii""]}",,,bib7940,yes 4275-location-2,4275,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Hawaii""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.63, -158.0]]}",,,bib75,no 4275-location-3,4275,location,"{""Places"": [""Hawai'i""]}",,,bib67,no -4275-speaker_number-1,4275,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,9-20? (2012),bib7915,yes -4275-speakers-1,4275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,9-20? (2012),bib7915,yes +4275-speaker_number-1,4275,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,9-20? (2012),bib7940,yes +4275-speakers-1,4275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,9-20? (2012),bib7940,yes 4275-speakers-2,4275,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few users""}",,"A few users from about 6,000 profoundly deaf people in Hawaii (1987 Honolulu Star-Bulletin), 72,000 deaf or hard-of-hearing people in Hawaii (1998 Honolulu Advertiser). Largely replaced by American Sign Language [ase], starting about 1950. A few users from about 6,000 profoundly deaf people in Hawaii (1987 Honolulu Star-Bulletin), 72,000 deaf or hard-of-hearing people in Hawaii (1998 Honolulu Advertiser). Elderly only. Also use American Sign Language [ase], English [eng]. (2013.)",bib67,no -4275-LEI-1,4275,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -4275-transmission-1,4275,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7915,yes -4275-speaker_number_trends-1,4275,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7915,yes -4275-vitality-1,4275,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7915,yes +4275-LEI-1,4275,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +4275-transmission-1,4275,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7940,yes +4275-speaker_number_trends-1,4275,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7940,yes +4275-vitality-1,4275,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7940,yes 4275-LEI-2,4275,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4275-transmission-2,4275,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 4275-vitality-2,4275,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,no -4276-context-1,4276,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,"Under pressure from the large neighboring New Caledonian Paicıˆ language, and from French",bib7938,no -4276-location-1,4276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5307,no -4276-location-2,4276,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Less than a third of the length of New Caledonia from its western end, inland from Vuh around Tieta""}",,,bib7938,no +4276-context-1,4276,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,"Under pressure from the large neighboring New Caledonian Paicıˆ language, and from French",bib7963,no +4276-location-1,4276,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5330,no +4276-location-2,4276,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""Less than a third of the length of New Caledonia from its western end, inland from Vuh around Tieta""}",,,bib7963,no 4276-location-3,4276,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4276-speaker_number-1,4276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4276-speakers-1,4276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4276-speaker_number-2,4276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7938,no -4276-speakers-2,4276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7938,no +4276-speaker_number-2,4276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7963,no +4276-speakers-2,4276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7963,no 4276-speaker_number-3,4276,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 4276-speakers-3,4276,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes 4276-LEI-1,4276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4276-vitality-1,4276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4276-LEI-2,4276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -4276-vitality-2,4276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +4276-LEI-2,4276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +4276-vitality-2,4276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 4276-LEI-3,4276,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4276-vitality-3,4276,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4278-context-1,4278,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese [asm], English [eng], Hindi [hin], Miji [sjl]""}",,,bib68,yes 4278-location-1,4278,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Kameng district, Thrizino circle, Jamiri, Husigaon, Gohainthan, Buragaon, Karangonia, Raindogonia, Yayom, Gijiri, Dijungonia, Tulu, Polatari, Raghupam, Tania, Khuppi, Bhalukpong, Balipho, and Palizi villages; East Kameng district, Seppa circle, Pisang village.""}",,,bib68,yes -4278-location-2,4278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1666, 92.6312]]}",,,bib5307,no -4278-location-3,4278,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The Hruso live in the southeast of Kameng, where they are concentrated in the Bichom river valley.""}",,,bib7525,no +4278-location-2,4278,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1666, 92.6312]]}",,,bib5330,no +4278-location-3,4278,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The Hruso live in the southeast of Kameng, where they are concentrated in the Bichom river valley.""}",,,bib7550,no 4278-speaker_number-1,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(van Driem 2007),bib68,yes 4278-speakers-1,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(van Driem 2007),bib68,yes -4278-speaker_number-2,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4278-speakers-2,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4278-speaker_number-3,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -4278-speakers-3,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no +4278-speaker_number-2,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4278-speakers-2,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4278-speaker_number-3,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +4278-speakers-3,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no 4278-speaker_number-4,4278,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib114,no 4278-speakers-4,4278,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib114,no 4278-LEI-1,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Steady shift away from Hruso, especially among youth educated outside the area.",bib68,yes 4278-vitality-1,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Steady shift away from Hruso, especially among youth educated outside the area.",bib68,yes -4278-LEI-2,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4278-vitality-2,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4278-LEI-3,4278,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6865,no -4278-transmission-3,4278,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6865,no -4278-domains_of_use-3,4278,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6865,no -4278-vitality-3,4278,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6865,no -4278-LEI-4,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -4278-vitality-4,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no +4278-LEI-2,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4278-vitality-2,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4278-LEI-3,4278,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6889,no +4278-transmission-3,4278,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6889,no +4278-domains_of_use-3,4278,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6889,no +4278-vitality-3,4278,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Hruso-Aka...speak Hindi at home, market place and other domains. In fact, Hindi is mostly spoken by people below 55. The older people do still continue to speak their mother tongues.",bib6889,no +4278-LEI-4,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +4278-vitality-4,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no 4278-LEI-5,4278,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Undergoing a shift to Hindi in some communities.,bib114,no 4278-vitality-5,4278,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Undergoing a shift to Hindi in some communities.,bib114,no 4279-context-1,4279,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib67,yes -4279-location-1,4279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +4279-location-1,4279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 4279-location-2,4279,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.43, 48.28]]}",,,bib75,no 4279-location-3,4279,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 4279-speaker_number-1,4279,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no @@ -45059,258 +45245,258 @@ Largely replaced by American Sign Language [ase], starting about 1950. A few use 4280-vitality-1,4280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4280-LEI-2,4280,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4280-vitality-2,4280,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4281-context-1,4281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related. Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).",bib6842,no -4281-context-2,4281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mehri, Arabic""}",,,bib7615,yes -4281-location-1,4281,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Haras\u00eds and the \u2018Ifar, in the area of Jiddat al-Haras\u00eds (north-east of Dhofar)""}",,,bib6842,no +4281-context-1,4281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related. Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).",bib6866,no +4281-context-2,4281,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mehri, Arabic""}",,,bib7640,yes +4281-location-1,4281,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen, Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Haras\u00eds and the \u2018Ifar, in the area of Jiddat al-Haras\u00eds (north-east of Dhofar)""}",,,bib6866,no 4281-location-2,4281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.0, 56.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4281-location-3,4281,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""]}",,,bib67,no -4281-location-4,4281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.9372, 56.2637]]}",,,bib5307,no +4281-location-4,4281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.9372, 56.2637]]}",,,bib5330,no 4281-location-5,4281,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.65, 56.16]]}",,,bib75,no -4281-location-6,4281,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Oman by the Harasis and the 'Ifar in a region called Jiddat al-Harasis, in northeast Dhofar, Oman.""}",,,bib7081,no -4281-location-7,4281,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jiddat al-\u1e24ar\u0101s\u012bs in Oman""}",,,bib7728,no -4281-speaker_number-1,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7935,no -4281-speakers-1,4281,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7935,no -4281-speaker_number-2,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.",bib6842,no -4281-speakers-2,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.",bib6842,no +4281-location-6,4281,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in Oman by the Harasis and the 'Ifar in a region called Jiddat al-Harasis, in northeast Dhofar, Oman.""}",,,bib7105,no +4281-location-7,4281,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Jiddat al-\u1e24ar\u0101s\u012bs in Oman""}",,,bib7753,no +4281-speaker_number-1,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7960,no +4281-speakers-1,4281,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7960,no +4281-speaker_number-2,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.",bib6866,no +4281-speakers-2,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.",bib6866,no 4281-speaker_number-3,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4281-speakers-3,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -4281-speaker_number-4,4281,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4281-speakers-4,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4281-speakers-5,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely dormant""}",,,bib7081,no +4281-speaker_number-4,4281,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4281-speakers-4,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4281-speakers-5,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Likely dormant""}",,,bib7105,no 4281-speaker_number-6,4281,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4281-speakers-6,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4281-speaker_number-7,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7728,no -4281-speakers-7,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7728,no -4281-speaker_number-8,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher.",bib7615,yes -4281-speakers-8,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher.",bib7615,yes -4281-LEI-1,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -4281-vitality-1,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no -4281-LEI-2,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,no -4281-vitality-2,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,no +4281-speaker_number-7,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7753,no +4281-speakers-7,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7753,no +4281-speaker_number-8,4281,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher.",bib7640,yes +4281-speakers-8,4281,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher.",bib7640,yes +4281-LEI-1,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +4281-vitality-1,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no +4281-LEI-2,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,no +4281-vitality-2,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,no 4281-LEI-3,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4281-vitality-3,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4281-LEI-4,4281,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4281-vitality-4,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4281-LEI-5,4281,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7081,no -4281-vitality-5,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7081,no +4281-LEI-4,4281,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4281-vitality-4,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4281-LEI-5,4281,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7105,no +4281-vitality-5,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7105,no 4281-LEI-6,4281,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4281-vitality-6,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4281-LEI-7,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7728,no -4281-vitality-7,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7728,no -4281-LEI-8,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4281-vitality-8,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4282-location-1,4282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0308, -71.8066]]}",,,bib5307,no +4281-LEI-7,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7753,no +4281-vitality-7,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7753,no +4281-LEI-8,4281,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4281-vitality-8,4281,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4282-location-1,4282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0308, -71.8066]]}",,,bib5330,no 4282-location-2,4282,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.0, -74.0]]}",,,bib216,no -4282-location-3,4282,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,Extinct in Brazil?,bib1902,yes +4282-location-3,4282,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,Extinct in Brazil?,bib1914,yes 4282-location-4,4282,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Caqueta and Amazonas departments along Caqueta river basin at Isla de los Monos; into Putumayo Department, Leguizamo minicipality; Caguan River area near Sanvicente del Caguan unconfirmed.",bib67,no -4282-speaker_number-1,4282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4282-speakers-1,4282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4282-speaker_number-2,4282,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Witoto (Witoto, Witoto Murui, Witoto Mïnïca, Witoto Muinane)",bib1902,yes -4282-speakers-2,4282,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,343"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,343"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Witoto (Witoto, Witoto Murui, Witoto Mïnïca, Witoto Muinane)",bib1902,yes +4282-speaker_number-1,4282,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4282-speakers-1,4282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4282-speaker_number-2,4282,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Witoto (Witoto, Witoto Murui, Witoto Mïnïca, Witoto Muinane)",bib1914,yes +4282-speakers-2,4282,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,343"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,343"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Witoto (Witoto, Witoto Murui, Witoto Mïnïca, Witoto Muinane)",bib1914,yes 4282-speaker_number-3,4282,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4282-speakers-3,4282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,705"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4282-speaker_number-4,4282,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Unchanged 2016),bib67,no 4282-speakers-4,4282,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Unchanged 2016),bib67,no -4282-LEI-1,4282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4282-vitality-1,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4282-LEI-2,4282,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -4282-vitality-2,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +4282-LEI-1,4282,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4282-vitality-1,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4282-LEI-2,4282,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +4282-vitality-2,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 4282-LEI-3,4282,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4282-vitality-3,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4282-LEI-4,4282,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4282-vitality-4,4282,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4288-context-1,4288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, in Sulemaniyya; Modern Hebrew""}",,,bib4129,no -4288-context-2,4288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish and Farsi""}",,The Jewish Sanandaj Neo-Aramaic dialect is extensively influenced by Kurdish and Persian (Farsi). Kurdish was spoken in and around the town of Sanandaj by the Muslim population. The Jews would have been exposed to Persian as an official language in schools and government administration.,bib4128,no +4288-context-1,4288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, in Sulemaniyya; Modern Hebrew""}",,,bib4149,no +4288-context-2,4288,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish and Farsi""}",,The Jewish Sanandaj Neo-Aramaic dialect is extensively influenced by Kurdish and Persian (Farsi). Kurdish was spoken in and around the town of Sanandaj by the Muslim population. The Jews would have been exposed to Persian as an official language in schools and government administration.,bib4148,no 4288-location-1,4288,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Iran"", ""Israel""]}",,,bib67,no -4288-location-2,4288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.1703, 46.1432]]}",,,bib3725,no -4288-location-3,4288,location,"{""Description"": ""The towns of Sulemaniyya and Halabja, in eastern Iraqi Kurdistan in the foothills of the Hawraman Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.32, 45.25], [35.1, 45.58]]}",,,bib4129,no -4288-location-4,4288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.2128, 34.9118]]}",,,bib5307,no -4288-location-5,4288,location,"{""Description"": ""In 1952 about 1,000 (of 4,000) Jews emigrated to the newly founded State of Israel. Over the subsequent two decades there was a gradual emigration of the Jews from the town [of Sanandaj] either to Tehran or abroad, mostly to Israel. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979 most of the remaining Jews left Sanandaj, the majority settling in Los Angeles in the USA and the remainder in Israel or Europe. Today only about half a dozen elderly Jews are reported to be still living in the town.""}",,,bib4128,no -4288-location-6,4288,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel, Kurdistan""]}",,,bib7615,yes +4288-location-2,4288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.1703, 46.1432]]}",,,bib3744,no +4288-location-3,4288,location,"{""Description"": ""The towns of Sulemaniyya and Halabja, in eastern Iraqi Kurdistan in the foothills of the Hawraman Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.32, 45.25], [35.1, 45.58]]}",,,bib4149,no +4288-location-4,4288,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.2128, 34.9118]]}",,,bib5330,no +4288-location-5,4288,location,"{""Description"": ""In 1952 about 1,000 (of 4,000) Jews emigrated to the newly founded State of Israel. Over the subsequent two decades there was a gradual emigration of the Jews from the town [of Sanandaj] either to Tehran or abroad, mostly to Israel. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979 most of the remaining Jews left Sanandaj, the majority settling in Los Angeles in the USA and the remainder in Israel or Europe. Today only about half a dozen elderly Jews are reported to be still living in the town.""}",,,bib4148,no +4288-location-6,4288,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel, Kurdistan""]}",,,bib7640,yes 4288-speaker_number-1,4288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 in Israel (1999 H. Mutzafi). Population total all countries: 10,350.",bib67,no 4288-speakers-1,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 in Israel (1999 H. Mutzafi). Population total all countries: 10,350.",bib67,no -4288-speakers-2,4288,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500 from Sulemaniyya ca. 1950, and about 120 households from Halabja, ca. 1940""}",,,bib4129,no -4288-speaker_number-3,4288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4288-speakers-3,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4288-speakers-2,4288,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500 from Sulemaniyya ca. 1950, and about 120 households from Halabja, ca. 1940""}",,,bib4149,no +4288-speaker_number-3,4288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4288-speakers-3,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4288-speaker_number-4,4288,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4288-speakers-4,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4288-speaker_number-5,4288,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -4288-speakers-5,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4288-speaker_number-5,4288,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +4288-speakers-5,4288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4288-LEI-1,4288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4288-vitality-1,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4288-LEI-2,4288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4288-vitality-2,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4288-LEI-2,4288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4288-vitality-2,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4288-LEI-3,4288,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4288-vitality-3,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4288-LEI-4,4288,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4288-vitality-4,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4291-context-1,4291,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Paici language and French,bib7937,no -4291-location-1,4291,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5307,no -4291-location-2,4291,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""About a third of the length of New Caledonia from its western end, on the southwestern coast from Gatope towards the southeast.""}",,,bib7937,no +4288-LEI-4,4288,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4288-vitality-4,4288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4291-context-1,4291,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Paici, French""}",,Under pressure from neighboring Paici language and French,bib7962,no +4291-location-1,4291,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.9665, 164.7866]]}",,,bib5330,no +4291-location-2,4291,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""About a third of the length of New Caledonia from its western end, on the southwestern coast from Gatope towards the southeast.""}",,,bib7962,no 4291-location-3,4291,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4291-speaker_number-1,4291,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4291-speakers-1,4291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4291-speaker_number-2,4291,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7937,no -4291-speakers-2,4291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7937,no +4291-speaker_number-2,4291,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7962,no +4291-speakers-2,4291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1982, 300 speakers were reported. Now they are much less, with virtually no children speakers.",bib7962,no 4291-speaker_number-3,4291,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 4291-speakers-3,4291,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes 4291-LEI-1,4291,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4291-vitality-1,4291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4291-LEI-2,4291,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4291-vitality-2,4291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +4291-LEI-2,4291,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4291-vitality-2,4291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 4291-LEI-3,4291,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4291-vitality-3,4291,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4292-context-1,4292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Zapotec"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib4172,no -4292-location-1,4292,location,"{""Places"": [""San Dionisio Del Mar""], ""Description"": ""Huave is spoken in several villages around San Dionisio del Mar in the state of Oaxaca."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.192003, -94.450428]]}",,,bib5731,no -4292-location-2,4292,location,"{""Description"": ""\""The four towns of the Zona Huave are located on the Pacific Coast of Oaxaca\u2019s Isthmus (Istmo) region near the cities of Salina Cruz and Juchit\u00e1n, on three peninsulas stretching into the Gulf of Tehuantepec.""}",,,bib4172,no +4292-context-1,4292,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Zapotec"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib4192,no +4292-location-1,4292,location,"{""Places"": [""San Dionisio Del Mar""], ""Description"": ""Huave is spoken in several villages around San Dionisio del Mar in the state of Oaxaca."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.192003, -94.450428]]}",,,bib5755,no +4292-location-2,4292,location,"{""Description"": ""\""The four towns of the Zona Huave are located on the Pacific Coast of Oaxaca\u2019s Isthmus (Istmo) region near the cities of Salina Cruz and Juchit\u00e1n, on three peninsulas stretching into the Gulf of Tehuantepec.""}",,,bib4192,no 4292-location-3,4292,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Southeast coast, Oaxaca.""}",,,bib67,no 4292-location-4,4292,location,"{""Places"": [""San Dionisio Del Mar"", ""San Francisco Del Mar"", ""San Mateo Del Mar"", ""Santa Maria Del Mar""], ""Coordinates"": [[16.35, -94.7], [16.28, -94.57], [16.21, -95.01], [16.22, -94.82]]}",,,bib75,no 4292-location-5,4292,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib233,no -4292-speaker_number-1,4292,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"As of 2008 there are no monolinguals in a population of over 5,000 [speakers of the San Francisco del Mar variety], and probably not more than 100 individuals total with a high degree of fluency in [San Francisco del Mar] Huave.",bib4172,no -4292-speakers-1,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"As of 2008 there are no monolinguals in a population of over 5,000 [speakers of the San Francisco del Mar variety], and probably not more than 100 individuals total with a high degree of fluency in [San Francisco del Mar] Huave.",bib4172,no +4292-speaker_number-1,4292,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"As of 2008 there are no monolinguals in a population of over 5,000 [speakers of the San Francisco del Mar variety], and probably not more than 100 individuals total with a high degree of fluency in [San Francisco del Mar] Huave.",bib4192,no +4292-speakers-1,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"As of 2008 there are no monolinguals in a population of over 5,000 [speakers of the San Francisco del Mar variety], and probably not more than 100 individuals total with a high degree of fluency in [San Francisco del Mar] Huave.",bib4192,no 4292-speakers-2,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,340""}",,"Ethnologue lists 4 Huave languages: San Dionisio del Mar Huave [hve]: 4,940 (2000); San Francisco del Mar Huave [hue]: 900 (1990 census), ethnic population: 3,900 (1990 census); San Mateo del Mar Huave [huv]: 12,000 (1990 census); Santa María del Mar Huave [hvv]: 500 (1993).",bib67,no -4292-speaker_number-3,4292,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Provides speaker numbers divided into 4 Huave varieties: Santa Maria, 862, severely endangered; San Francisco, 6874, critically endangered; San Dionisio, 5165, definitely endangered; San Mateo, 12667, vulnerable.",bib5307,no -4292-speakers-3,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,568"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Provides speaker numbers divided into 4 Huave varieties: Santa Maria, 862, severely endangered; San Francisco, 6874, critically endangered; San Dionisio, 5165, definitely endangered; San Mateo, 12667, vulnerable.",bib5307,no +4292-speaker_number-3,4292,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Provides speaker numbers divided into 4 Huave varieties: Santa Maria, 862, severely endangered; San Francisco, 6874, critically endangered; San Dionisio, 5165, definitely endangered; San Mateo, 12667, vulnerable.",bib5330,no +4292-speakers-3,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,568"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Provides speaker numbers divided into 4 Huave varieties: Santa Maria, 862, severely endangered; San Francisco, 6874, critically endangered; San Dionisio, 5165, definitely endangered; San Mateo, 12667, vulnerable.",bib5330,no 4292-speaker_number-4,4292,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Like Ethnologue, WOLP distinguishes 4 Huave languages: San Francisco del Mar Huave: 900. Santa María del Mar Huave: 500. San Dionisio del Mar Huave: 4,944. San Mateo del Mar Huave: 12,000.",bib233,no 4292-speakers-4,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,244"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Like Ethnologue, WOLP distinguishes 4 Huave languages: San Francisco del Mar Huave: 900. Santa María del Mar Huave: 500. San Dionisio del Mar Huave: 4,944. San Mateo del Mar Huave: 12,000.",bib233,no -4292-speaker_number-5,4292,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1547,yes -4292-speakers-5,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,993"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1547,yes +4292-speaker_number-5,4292,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1559,yes +4292-speakers-5,4292,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,993"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1559,yes 4292-LEI-1,4292,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In San Mateo del Mar, the Huave language is spoken actively in everyday life by all generations. In San Dionisio del Mar, many adults are bilingual in Huave and Spanish, though younger adults tend to be Spanish-dominant and youth/teenagers seem to have more passive than active competence in the language. The situation in Santa María del Mar is unknown to me, but anecdotal sources indicate that the language there is more endangered than in San Dionisio, and very probably much more so. The San Francisco del Mar dialect is severely endangered; Spanish is the language of public and most private life in town. I know of no monolingual Huave speakers at all, and all Huave-dominant bilinguals are well over 60 years of age... Very few residents under the age of 40 -know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4172,no +know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4192,no 4292-transmission-1,4292,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In San Mateo del Mar, the Huave language is spoken actively in everyday life by all generations. In San Dionisio del Mar, many adults are bilingual in Huave and Spanish, though younger adults tend to be Spanish-dominant and youth/teenagers seem to have more passive than active competence in the language. The situation in Santa María del Mar is unknown to me, but anecdotal sources indicate that the language there is more endangered than in San Dionisio, and very probably much more so. The San Francisco del Mar dialect is severely endangered; Spanish is the language of public and most private life in town. I know of no monolingual Huave speakers at all, and all Huave-dominant bilinguals are well over 60 years of age... Very few residents under the age of 40 -know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4172,no +know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4192,no 4292-domains_of_use-1,4292,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In San Mateo del Mar, the Huave language is spoken actively in everyday life by all generations. In San Dionisio del Mar, many adults are bilingual in Huave and Spanish, though younger adults tend to be Spanish-dominant and youth/teenagers seem to have more passive than active competence in the language. The situation in Santa María del Mar is unknown to me, but anecdotal sources indicate that the language there is more endangered than in San Dionisio, and very probably much more so. The San Francisco del Mar dialect is severely endangered; Spanish is the language of public and most private life in town. I know of no monolingual Huave speakers at all, and all Huave-dominant bilinguals are well over 60 years of age... Very few residents under the age of 40 -know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4172,no +know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4192,no 4292-vitality-1,4292,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In San Mateo del Mar, the Huave language is spoken actively in everyday life by all generations. In San Dionisio del Mar, many adults are bilingual in Huave and Spanish, though younger adults tend to be Spanish-dominant and youth/teenagers seem to have more passive than active competence in the language. The situation in Santa María del Mar is unknown to me, but anecdotal sources indicate that the language there is more endangered than in San Dionisio, and very probably much more so. The San Francisco del Mar dialect is severely endangered; Spanish is the language of public and most private life in town. I know of no monolingual Huave speakers at all, and all Huave-dominant bilinguals are well over 60 years of age... Very few residents under the age of 40 -know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4172,no -4292-LEI-2,4292,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4292-vitality-2,4292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning.",bib4192,no +4292-LEI-2,4292,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4292-vitality-2,4292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4292-LEI-3,4292,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4292-vitality-3,4292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4292-LEI-4,4292,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -4292-vitality-4,4292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes -4294-location-1,4294,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4397, 25.5926]]}",,,bib5307,no -4294-location-2,4294,location,"{""Description"": ""Southern Sudan, in a small area around Raga""}",,,bib7615,yes +4292-LEI-4,4292,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +4292-vitality-4,4292,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes +4294-location-1,4294,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4397, 25.5926]]}",,,bib5330,no +4294-location-2,4294,location,"{""Description"": ""Southern Sudan, in a small area around Raga""}",,,bib7640,yes 4294-location-3,4294,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -4294-speaker_number-1,4294,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4294-speakers-1,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4294-speaker_number-2,4294,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,yes -4294-speakers-2,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,yes +4294-speaker_number-1,4294,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4294-speakers-1,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4294-speaker_number-2,4294,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,yes +4294-speakers-2,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,yes 4294-speaker_number-3,4294,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4294-speakers-3,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4294-speakers-4,4294,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700""}",,,bib67,no -4294-LEI-1,4294,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4294-vitality-1,4294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4294-LEI-2,4294,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4294-vitality-2,4294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4294-LEI-1,4294,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4294-vitality-1,4294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4294-LEI-2,4294,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4294-vitality-2,4294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4294-LEI-3,4294,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4294-vitality-3,4294,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4295-location-1,4295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.716300011, 144.7819061]]}",,,bib7945,no +4295-location-1,4295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.716300011, 144.7819061]]}",,,bib7970,no 4295-location-2,4295,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, west of Josephstaal.""}",,,bib69,no -4295-location-3,4295,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Igana village""}",,(Wasmuk)?,bib8013,yes +4295-location-3,4295,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang: Igana village""}",,(Wasmuk)?,bib8038,yes 4295-speaker_number-1,4295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4295-speakers-1,4295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4295-speaker_number-2,4295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4295-speakers-2,4295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4295-speaker_number-3,4295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8013,yes -4295-speakers-3,4295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8013,yes +4295-speaker_number-3,4295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8038,yes +4295-speakers-3,4295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8038,yes 4295-LEI-1,4295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4295-vitality-1,4295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4295-LEI-2,4295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4295-vitality-2,4295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4295-LEI-3,4295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8013,yes -4295-vitality-3,4295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8013,yes +4295-LEI-3,4295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8038,yes +4295-vitality-3,4295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8038,yes 4297-location-1,4297,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Barat Province, Bomberai peninsula.""}",,,bib69,yes 4297-location-2,4297,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.94, 132.29]]}",,,bib75,no 4297-speakers-1,4297,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""As a pidgin, this language has no native speakers."", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Second language only""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -4298-context-1,4298,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Karamajong, English, Kiswahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,All interviews showed that the Ik are very proud of their language; they expressed a positive attitude towards their mother tongue,bib5452,yes +4298-context-1,4298,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Karamajong, English, Kiswahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Some""}",,All interviews showed that the Ik are very proud of their language; they expressed a positive attitude towards their mother tongue,bib5475,yes 4298-location-1,4298,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.75, 34.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4298-location-2,4298,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""]}",,,bib67,no -4298-location-3,4298,location,"{""Places"": [""Karamoja region of northeastern Uganda""]}",,,bib5452,yes -4298-location-4,4298,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.5024, 34.1894]]}",,,bib5307,no -4298-location-5,4298,location,"{""Description"": ""They inhabit roughly fifteen villages in north-eastern Uganda, strung along the escarpment between Timu Forest in the south and Kidepo National Park in the North.""}",,,bib3430,no +4298-location-3,4298,location,"{""Places"": [""Karamoja region of northeastern Uganda""]}",,,bib5475,yes +4298-location-4,4298,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.5024, 34.1894]]}",,,bib5330,no +4298-location-5,4298,location,"{""Description"": ""They inhabit roughly fifteen villages in north-eastern Uganda, strung along the escarpment between Timu Forest in the south and Kidepo National Park in the North.""}",,,bib3448,no 4298-speaker_number-1,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000, increasing. Ethnic population: 10,000",bib67,no 4298-speakers-1,4298,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000, increasing. Ethnic population: 10,000",bib67,no -4298-speaker_number-2,4298,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5452,yes -4298-speakers-2,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5452,yes -4298-speaker_number-3,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4298-speakers-3,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4298-speaker_number-4,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Many figures are provided beginning with Turnbull (1967:64) 1,300 people. The Red Cross reported 2,696 people living in the 'Kamion/Teuso Parish' in 1982. Heine also reports more than 3,000 in 1983.",bib3430,no -4298-speakers-4,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Many figures are provided beginning with Turnbull (1967:64) 1,300 people. The Red Cross reported 2,696 people living in the 'Kamion/Teuso Parish' in 1982. Heine also reports more than 3,000 in 1983.",bib3430,no +4298-speaker_number-2,4298,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5475,yes +4298-speakers-2,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~16,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5475,yes +4298-speaker_number-3,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4298-speakers-3,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4298-speaker_number-4,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Many figures are provided beginning with Turnbull (1967:64) 1,300 people. The Red Cross reported 2,696 people living in the 'Kamion/Teuso Parish' in 1982. Heine also reports more than 3,000 in 1983.",bib3448,no +4298-speakers-4,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Many figures are provided beginning with Turnbull (1967:64) 1,300 people. The Red Cross reported 2,696 people living in the 'Kamion/Teuso Parish' in 1982. Heine also reports more than 3,000 in 1983.",bib3448,no 4298-speaker_number-5,4298,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4298-speakers-5,4298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4298-LEI-1,4298,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4298-speaker_number_trends-1,4298,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib67,no 4298-vitality-1,4298,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,no -4298-LEI-2,4298,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5452,yes -4298-transmission-2,4298,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5452,yes -4298-domains_of_use-2,4298,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5452,yes -4298-speaker_number_trends-2,4298,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5452,yes -4298-vitality-2,4298,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5452,yes -4298-LEI-3,4298,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4298-vitality-3,4298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4298-LEI-4,4298,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3430,no -4298-vitality-4,4298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3430,no +4298-LEI-2,4298,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5475,yes +4298-transmission-2,4298,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib5475,yes +4298-domains_of_use-2,4298,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5475,yes +4298-speaker_number_trends-2,4298,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib5475,yes +4298-vitality-2,4298,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5475,yes +4298-LEI-3,4298,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4298-vitality-3,4298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4298-LEI-4,4298,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3448,no +4298-vitality-4,4298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3448,no 4298-LEI-5,4298,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4298-vitality-5,4298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4299-context-1,4299,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iwaidja""}",,,bib5309,yes -4299-location-1,4299,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.393997, 132.116928]]}",,,bib7945,no -4299-location-2,4299,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on Croker Island, Cobourg Peninsula.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +4299-context-1,4299,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iwaidja""}",,,bib5332,yes +4299-location-1,4299,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.393997, 132.116928]]}",,,bib7970,no +4299-location-2,4299,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on Croker Island, Cobourg Peninsula.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 4299-location-3,4299,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4299-speaker_number-1,4299,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4299-speakers-1,4299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4299-speaker_number-2,4299,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only three or four speakers left, the others have shifted to Iwaidja. Moribund.",bib5309,yes -4299-speakers-2,4299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Only three or four speakers left, the others have shifted to Iwaidja. Moribund.",bib5309,yes +4299-speaker_number-2,4299,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only three or four speakers left, the others have shifted to Iwaidja. Moribund.",bib5332,yes +4299-speakers-2,4299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Only three or four speakers left, the others have shifted to Iwaidja. Moribund.",bib5332,yes 4299-speakers-3,4299,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Last known speaker passed away in 2003""}",,,bib67,no 4299-LEI-1,4299,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4299-vitality-1,4299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4299-LEI-2,4299,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -4299-transmission-2,4299,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,yes -4299-domains_of_use-2,4299,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,yes -4299-speaker_number_trends-2,4299,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,yes -4299-vitality-2,4299,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,yes +4299-LEI-2,4299,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +4299-transmission-2,4299,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,yes +4299-domains_of_use-2,4299,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,yes +4299-speaker_number_trends-2,4299,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,yes +4299-vitality-2,4299,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,yes 4299-LEI-3,4299,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 4299-vitality-3,4299,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -4300-location-1,4300,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,no -4300-location-2,4300,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.9185, 8.2397]]}",,,bib5307,no -4300-location-3,4300,location,"{""Places"": [""Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Oron LGA""}",,,bib980,no +4300-location-1,4300,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,no +4300-location-2,4300,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.9185, 8.2397]]}",,,bib5330,no +4300-location-3,4300,location,"{""Places"": [""Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Oron LGA""}",,,bib984,no 4300-location-4,4300,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,yes -4300-speaker_number-1,4300,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,no -4300-speakers-1,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,no -4300-speaker_number-2,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4300-speakers-2,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4300-speaker_number-3,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (1988); diminishing",bib980,no -4300-speakers-3,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (1988); diminishing",bib980,no +4300-speaker_number-1,4300,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,no +4300-speakers-1,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,no +4300-speaker_number-2,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4300-speakers-2,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4300-speaker_number-3,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (1988); diminishing",bib984,no +4300-speakers-3,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (1988); diminishing",bib984,no 4300-speaker_number-4,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4300-speakers-4,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4300-speaker_number-5,4300,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4300-speakers-5,4300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4300-LEI-1,4300,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,no -4300-vitality-1,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,no -4300-LEI-2,4300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4300-vitality-2,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4300-LEI-3,4300,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -4300-speaker_number_trends-3,4300,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib980,no -4300-vitality-3,4300,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib980,no +4300-LEI-1,4300,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,no +4300-vitality-1,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,no +4300-LEI-2,4300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4300-vitality-2,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4300-LEI-3,4300,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +4300-speaker_number_trends-3,4300,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib984,no +4300-vitality-3,4300,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib984,no 4300-LEI-4,4300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4300-vitality-4,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4300-LEI-5,4300,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4300-vitality-5,4300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4302-context-1,4302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Waris [wrs]""}",,"""The Imonda are in general able to speak Waris, but not vice versa. Frequently, communication between the two groups is carried out in Tok Pisin.",bib6706,yes +4302-context-1,4302,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Waris [wrs]""}",,"""The Imonda are in general able to speak Waris, but not vice versa. Frequently, communication between the two groups is carried out in Tok Pisin.",bib6730,yes 4302-location-1,4302,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Amanab district, near Imonda airstrip.""}",,,bib69,no -4302-location-2,4302,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province (West Sepik): P\u00f5s and Mol villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.33, 141.17]]}",,,bib6706,yes +4302-location-2,4302,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province (West Sepik): P\u00f5s and Mol villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.33, 141.17]]}",,,bib6730,yes 4302-speaker_number-1,4302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4302-speakers-1,4302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4302-speaker_number-2,4302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4302-speakers-2,4302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4302-speaker_number-3,4302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib6706,yes -4302-speakers-3,4302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""274"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib6706,yes +4302-speaker_number-3,4302,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib6730,yes +4302-speakers-3,4302,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""274"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib6730,yes 4302-LEI-1,4302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4302-vitality-1,4302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4302-LEI-2,4302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4302-vitality-2,4302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4302-LEI-3,4302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6706,yes -4302-vitality-3,4302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6706,yes +4302-LEI-3,4302,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6730,yes +4302-vitality-3,4302,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6730,yes 4305-context-1,4305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,no 4305-context-2,4305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Used by Kamsá as L2.,bib70,no 4305-context-3,4305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib68,yes @@ -45318,9 +45504,9 @@ know more than a few words of Huave, although there is some interest in learning Jungle Inga [inj]: Cauca, Nariño. and Putumayo departments: upper Caquetá and Putumayo rivers.",bib71,no 4305-location-2,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.0, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4305-location-3,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"For [inb]: Nariño and Putumayo departments; some in Cauca department: Piamonte and Santa Rosa municipalities; 1,000 in Bogotá, some in regional capitals.",bib70,no -4305-location-4,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.1658, -77.0011]]}",,,bib5307,no +4305-location-4,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.1658, -77.0011]]}",,,bib5330,no 4305-location-5,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Jungle (Lowland) Inga [inj]: \""Putumayo, Cauca, and Narino departments, upper Caquet\u00e1 and Putumayo rivers.\"" (Highland) Inga [inb]: \""Northwest Putumayo and southeast Narino departments; some in Cauca Department, Piamonte and Santa Rosa municipalities; 1,000 in Bogot\u00e1, some in regional capitals.\""""}",,,bib68,yes -4305-location-6,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6064,no +4305-location-6,4305,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib6088,no 4305-speaker_number-1,4305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Camsá [kbh] use Inga as a second language.,bib71,no 4305-speakers-1,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,200 total. \nInga (Highland Inga) [inb]: 22,000\nJungle Inga [inj]: 11,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008, 2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Camsá [kbh] use Inga as a second language.,bib71,no 4305-speaker_number-2,4305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Inga languages: @@ -45329,28 +45515,28 @@ Inga (Highland Inga) [Inb]: 22,000 (18,000 in Colombia, 3000 elsewhere) 4305-speakers-2,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (for [inb]); 2007 (for [inj])"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Inga languages: Inga (Highland Inga) [Inb]: 22,000 (18,000 in Colombia, 3000 elsewhere) Jungle Inga [inj]: 11,200",bib70,no -4305-speaker_number-3,4305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4305-speakers-3,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4305-speaker_number-3,4305,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4305-speakers-3,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4305-speaker_number-4,4305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population of Jungle (Lowland) Inga [inj]: ""11,200 (2007 Organización de Cabildos Indígenas del Putumayo)."" Population of (Highland) Inga [inb]: ""18,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Dispersed in various regions; adopted commerce as a survival strategy (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 22,000.""",bib68,yes 4305-speakers-4,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007, 2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population of Jungle (Lowland) Inga [inj]: ""11,200 (2007 Organización de Cabildos Indígenas del Putumayo)."" Population of (Highland) Inga [inb]: ""18,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Dispersed in various regions; adopted commerce as a survival strategy (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 22,000.""",bib68,yes 4305-speaker_number-5,4305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4305-speakers-5,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4305-speaker_number-6,4305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 26,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 19,079; Censo 2005: 15,450",bib6064,no -4305-speakers-6,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,079"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 26,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 19,079; Censo 2005: 15,450",bib6064,no +4305-speaker_number-6,4305,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 26,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 19,079; Censo 2005: 15,450",bib6088,no +4305-speakers-6,4305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,079"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 26,000; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 19,079; Censo 2005: 15,450",bib6088,no 4305-LEI-1,4305,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Inga [inb] is ""threatened""; Jungle Inga is more ""vigorous"".",bib71,no 4305-transmission-1,4305,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Inga [inb] is ""threatened""; Jungle Inga is more ""vigorous"".",bib71,no 4305-vitality-1,4305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Inga [inb] is ""threatened""; Jungle Inga is more ""vigorous"".",bib71,no 4305-LEI-2,4305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4305-vitality-2,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -4305-LEI-3,4305,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4305-vitality-3,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4305-LEI-3,4305,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4305-vitality-3,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4305-LEI-4,4305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 4305-vitality-4,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes 4305-LEI-5,4305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4305-vitality-5,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4305-LEI-6,4305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6064,no -4305-vitality-6,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6064,no -4306-location-1,4306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.435678005, 144.8769073]]}",,,bib7945,no +4305-LEI-6,4305,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6088,no +4305-vitality-6,4305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6088,no +4306-location-1,4306,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.435678005, 144.8769073]]}",,,bib7970,no 4306-location-2,4306,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4306-speaker_number-1,4306,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4306-speakers-1,4306,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -45360,13 +45546,13 @@ Inga (Highland Inga) [Inb]: 22,000 (18,000 in Colombia, 3000 elsewhere) 4306-vitality-1,4306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4306-LEI-2,4306,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4306-vitality-2,4306,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4308-context-1,4308,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shipibo-Konibo, Spanish""}",,,bib6340,yes -4308-location-1,4308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Caller\u00eda River, in the department of Ucayali, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +4308-context-1,4308,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shipibo-Konibo, Spanish""}",,,bib6364,yes +4308-location-1,4308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the basins of the Caller\u00eda River, in the department of Ucayali, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 4308-location-2,4308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Ucayali and Loreto regions; Callaria River.""}",,,bib67,no 4308-location-3,4308,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Chachibai, among shipibo, and Callería. -A possible group around El cono mountain, between the Utuquinía and Abujao rivers who live in voluntary isolation.",bib6340,yes -4308-location-4,4308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.760233, -74.515153]]}",,,bib7945,no +A possible group around El cono mountain, between the Utuquinía and Abujao rivers who live in voluntary isolation.",bib6364,yes +4308-location-4,4308,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.760233, -74.515153]]}",,,bib7970,no 4308-speaker_number-1,4308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 4308-speakers-1,4308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 4308-speaker_number-2,4308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"La lengua iskonawa es actualmente hablada solo por cinco personas mayores de 65 años ... La transmisión intergeneracional del iskonawa se ha detenido debido a la presencia de la lengua shipibo-konibo y, en menor medida, del castellano. Es así que los hijos y los nietos de los ancianos iskonawas no hablan esta lengua. (p.27.) @@ -45375,26 +45561,26 @@ Roberto Zariquiey señala la existencia un sexto hablante, a quien no se ha podi [The Iskonawa language is currently spoken by only 5 people over 65 years old … Intergenerational transmission of Iskonawa has been stopped due to the presence of the Shipibo-Konibo language and, to a lesser extent, Spanish. So it is that the children and grandchildren of the Iskonawa elders do not speak this language. (p.27.) -Roberto Zariquiey indicates the existence a 6th speaker, who it has not been possible to contact. On the other hand, the existence of a group of Iskonawa in voluntary isolation within the Reserve Territorial Isconahua is speculated, from territorial and cultural evidence that has been found (Matorella 2004). However, it is difficult to show out that indeed this group in voluntary isolation speaks Iskonawa because there is no linguistic evidence. (p.27.)]",bib6340,yes +Roberto Zariquiey indicates the existence a 6th speaker, who it has not been possible to contact. On the other hand, the existence of a group of Iskonawa in voluntary isolation within the Reserve Territorial Isconahua is speculated, from territorial and cultural evidence that has been found (Matorella 2004). However, it is difficult to show out that indeed this group in voluntary isolation speaks Iskonawa because there is no linguistic evidence. (p.27.)]",bib6364,yes 4308-speakers-2,4308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"La lengua iskonawa es actualmente hablada solo por cinco personas mayores de 65 años ... La transmisión intergeneracional del iskonawa se ha detenido debido a la presencia de la lengua shipibo-konibo y, en menor medida, del castellano. Es así que los hijos y los nietos de los ancianos iskonawas no hablan esta lengua. (p.27.) Roberto Zariquiey señala la existencia un sexto hablante, a quien no se ha podido contactar. Por otro lado, se especula la existencia de un grupo iskonawa en aislamiento voluntario dentro de la Reserva Territorial Isconahua, a partir de evidencia territorial y cultural encontrada (Matorella 2004). Sin embargo, es difícil señalar que, efectivamente, este grupo en aislamiento voluntario hable la lengua iskonawa porque no se tiene evidencia lingüística, lo cual es entendible dado al marco legal (ley N° 28736) que protege los derechos de los pueblos en aislamiento voluntario o en contacto inicial. (p.27.) [The Iskonawa language is currently spoken by only 5 people over 65 years old … Intergenerational transmission of Iskonawa has been stopped due to the presence of the Shipibo-Konibo language and, to a lesser extent, Spanish. So it is that the children and grandchildren of the Iskonawa elders do not speak this language. (p.27.) -Roberto Zariquiey indicates the existence a 6th speaker, who it has not been possible to contact. On the other hand, the existence of a group of Iskonawa in voluntary isolation within the Reserve Territorial Isconahua is speculated, from territorial and cultural evidence that has been found (Matorella 2004). However, it is difficult to show out that indeed this group in voluntary isolation speaks Iskonawa because there is no linguistic evidence. (p.27.)]",bib6340,yes -4308-speaker_number-3,4308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.",bib2647,no -4308-speakers-3,4308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Obsolescent"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.",bib2647,no +Roberto Zariquiey indicates the existence a 6th speaker, who it has not been possible to contact. On the other hand, the existence of a group of Iskonawa in voluntary isolation within the Reserve Territorial Isconahua is speculated, from territorial and cultural evidence that has been found (Matorella 2004). However, it is difficult to show out that indeed this group in voluntary isolation speaks Iskonawa because there is no linguistic evidence. (p.27.)]",bib6364,yes +4308-speaker_number-3,4308,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.",bib2660,no +4308-speakers-3,4308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Obsolescent"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"No longer spoken as an everyday language, but a few speakers remember it.",bib2660,no 4308-speaker_number-4,4308,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4308-speakers-4,4308,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4308-LEI-1,4308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4308-vitality-1,4308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4308-LEI-2,4308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6340,yes -4308-transmission-2,4308,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6340,yes -4308-speaker_number_trends-2,4308,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6340,yes -4308-vitality-2,4308,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6340,yes -4308-LEI-3,4308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2647,no -4308-vitality-3,4308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2647,no +4308-LEI-2,4308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6364,yes +4308-transmission-2,4308,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6364,yes +4308-speaker_number_trends-2,4308,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6364,yes +4308-vitality-2,4308,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6364,yes +4308-LEI-3,4308,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2660,no +4308-vitality-3,4308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2660,no 4308-LEI-4,4308,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4308-vitality-4,4308,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4309-location-1,4309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.01, 139.04]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -45417,29 +45603,29 @@ Roberto Zariquiey indicates the existence a 6th speaker, who it has not been pos 4311-vitality-1,4311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4311-LEI-2,4311,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4311-vitality-2,4311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4312-location-1,4312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0807, 141.5039]]}",,,bib5307,no +4312-location-1,4312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0807, 141.5039]]}",,,bib5330,no 4312-location-2,4312,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, northwest Ambunti Dreikikir district; Sandaun Province, Rocky Peak mountains.""}",,,bib69,no -4312-location-3,4312,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)\"" is spoken in Ananali, Iteli, Ienewe, Laro, Warumoi, and Yeweku villages; \""Iyo\"" is spoken in Agrame and Uwau villages.""}",,,bib4545,yes -4312-speaker_number-1,4312,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4312-speakers-1,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4312-location-3,4312,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)\"" is spoken in Ananali, Iteli, Ienewe, Laro, Warumoi, and Yeweku villages; \""Iyo\"" is spoken in Agrame and Uwau villages.""}",,,bib4566,yes +4312-speaker_number-1,4312,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4312-speakers-1,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4312-speaker_number-2,4312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4312-speakers-2,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""480"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4312-speaker_number-3,4312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)"" is listed as having 292 speakers; ""Iyo"" is listed as having 155 speakers.",bib4545,yes -4312-speakers-3,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""447"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)"" is listed as having 292 speakers; ""Iyo"" is listed as having 155 speakers.",bib4545,yes +4312-speaker_number-3,4312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)"" is listed as having 292 speakers; ""Iyo"" is listed as having 155 speakers.",bib4566,yes +4312-speakers-3,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""447"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Yinibu (Rocky Peak)"" is listed as having 292 speakers; ""Iyo"" is listed as having 155 speakers.",bib4566,yes 4312-speaker_number-4,4312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4312-speakers-4,4312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4312-LEI-1,4312,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4312-vitality-1,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4312-LEI-1,4312,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4312-vitality-1,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4312-LEI-2,4312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4312-vitality-2,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4312-LEI-3,4312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4312-vitality-3,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +4312-LEI-3,4312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4312-vitality-3,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 4312-LEI-4,4312,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4312-vitality-4,4312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4314-location-1,4314,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.46, -90.89]]}",,,bib75,no 4314-location-2,4314,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Chajul, San Juan Cotzal, Nebaj""}",,"Quiché Department, Chajul, Cotzal, and Nebaj municipalities.",bib67,no -4314-location-3,4314,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.4849, -91.0358], [19.508, -89.3188]]}",,,bib5307,no -4314-location-4,4314,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,439 square kilometer language area in Guatemala.""}",,,bib5849,no +4314-location-3,4314,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.4849, -91.0358], [19.508, -89.3188]]}",,,bib5330,no +4314-location-4,4314,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,439 square kilometer language area in Guatemala.""}",,,bib5873,no 4314-location-5,4314,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,,bib233,no 4314-speaker_number-1,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 3 Ixil languages: Chajul Ixil [ixj]; Nebaj Ixil [ixi]; and San Juan Cotzal Ixil [ixl]. Others have only 1 Ixil language. Chajul Ixil 18,000 (1998). @@ -45454,145 +45640,145 @@ San Juan Cotzal Ixil16,000 (1998). 69,000 (1998 SIL) (2013).",bib67,no 4314-speakers-2,4314,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95,315"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"46,690 men; 48,625 women. 2002 census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -4314-speaker_number-3,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"69,137 speakers in Guatemala.",bib5849,no -4314-speakers-3,4314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,137"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"69,137 speakers in Guatemala.",bib5849,no +4314-speaker_number-3,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"69,137 speakers in Guatemala.",bib5873,no +4314-speakers-3,4314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,137"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"69,137 speakers in Guatemala.",bib5873,no 4314-speaker_number-4,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4314-speakers-4,4314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4314-speaker_number-5,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"69,137 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -4314-speakers-5,4314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,137"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"69,137 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +4314-speaker_number-5,4314,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"69,137 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +4314-speakers-5,4314,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,137"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"69,137 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 4314-LEI-1,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4314-vitality-1,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4314-LEI-2,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -4314-vitality-2,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +4314-LEI-2,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +4314-vitality-2,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 4314-LEI-3,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4314-vitality-3,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4314-LEI-4,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -4314-vitality-4,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -4315-location-1,4315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.8871, 103.984]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4314-LEI-4,4314,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +4314-vitality-4,4314,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +4315-location-1,4315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.8871, 103.984]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4315-location-2,4315,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Peninsular, Pahang and Johor states, Pekan district south along east coast to south of Johor river.""}",,,bib69,no -4315-speaker_number-1,4315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -4315-speakers-1,4315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes +4315-speaker_number-1,4315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +4315-speakers-1,4315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes 4315-speakers-2,4315,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008""}",,(JHEOA),bib69,no 4315-speaker_number-3,4315,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4315-speakers-3,4315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,799"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4315-LEI-1,4315,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4315-vitality-1,4315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4315-LEI-1,4315,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4315-vitality-1,4315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4315-LEI-2,4315,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4315-vitality-2,4315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4317-context-1,4317,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English, Garawa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers are all bilingual in the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or in English, and some in the neighbouring [non-Pama-Nyungan] Garawa language. Speakers intermarry with the Garawa or also the [non-Pama-Nyungan] speaking Mara. Children usually speak the mother's language, but at puberty the boys learn and afterwards speak the father's language. Through this, Yanyuwa has been losing young speakers and is now getting endangered.",bib7937,no +4317-context-1,4317,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, English, Garawa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The speakers are all bilingual in the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or in English, and some in the neighbouring [non-Pama-Nyungan] Garawa language. Speakers intermarry with the Garawa or also the [non-Pama-Nyungan] speaking Mara. Children usually speak the mother's language, but at puberty the boys learn and afterwards speak the father's language. Through this, Yanyuwa has been losing young speakers and is now getting endangered.",bib7962,no 4317-location-1,4317,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4317-location-2,4317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.49279406, 136.7840759]]}",,,bib1182,no -4317-speaker_number-1,4317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -4317-speakers-1,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +4317-location-2,4317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.49279406, 136.7840759]]}",,,bib1191,no +4317-speaker_number-1,4317,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +4317-speakers-1,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 4317-speaker_number-2,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker number (1996 census). Ethnic population (2000 WCD),bib67,yes 4317-speakers-2,4317,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""113"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""52"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker number (1996 census). Ethnic population (2000 WCD),bib67,yes 4317-speaker_number-3,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4317-speakers-3,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -4317-speaker_number-4,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4317-speakers-4,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4317-speaker_number-4,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4317-speakers-4,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4317-speaker_number-5,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4317-speakers-5,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4317-speaker_number-6,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,no -4317-speakers-6,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,no -4317-LEI-1,4317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4317-vitality-1,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4317-speaker_number-6,4317,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,no +4317-speakers-6,4317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70-100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,no +4317-LEI-1,4317,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4317-vitality-1,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4317-LEI-2,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4317-vitality-2,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4317-LEI-3,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4317-vitality-3,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4317-LEI-4,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4317-vitality-4,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4317-LEI-4,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4317-vitality-4,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4317-LEI-5,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4317-vitality-5,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4317-LEI-6,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4317-vitality-6,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -4321-context-1,4321,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education"", ""mass media"", ""government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; English; Garhwali; Kumauni""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6746,yes -4321-context-2,4321,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Garwali""}",,,bib6147,no -4321-location-1,4321,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jad is spoken in several villages, the major ones being Jadang and Nilang in Harsil Sub-division in Uttarkashi District. The name Jad seems to be derived from the village name 'Jadang', which is the summer village of the Jad speakers. During the winter the Jad speakers migrate to Dunda Sub-division, just 17 kilometers below the Uttarkashi district town on the banks of the river Bhagirathi.""}",,,bib6746,yes -4321-location-2,4321,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.645, 78.3627]]}",,,bib5307,no +4317-LEI-6,4317,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4317-vitality-6,4317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +4321-context-1,4321,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education"", ""mass media"", ""government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; English; Garhwali; Kumauni""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6770,yes +4321-context-2,4321,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Garwali""}",,,bib6171,no +4321-location-1,4321,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jad is spoken in several villages, the major ones being Jadang and Nilang in Harsil Sub-division in Uttarkashi District. The name Jad seems to be derived from the village name 'Jadang', which is the summer village of the Jad speakers. During the winter the Jad speakers migrate to Dunda Sub-division, just 17 kilometers below the Uttarkashi district town on the banks of the river Bhagirathi.""}",,,bib6770,yes +4321-location-2,4321,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.645, 78.3627]]}",,,bib5330,no 4321-location-3,4321,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Uttar Pradesh""}",,,bib67,no -4321-speaker_number-1,4321,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6746,yes -4321-speakers-1,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6746,yes +4321-speaker_number-1,4321,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6770,yes +4321-speakers-1,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6770,yes 4321-speaker_number-2,4321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4321-speakers-2,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4321-speaker_number-3,4321,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6147,no -4321-speakers-3,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6147,no +4321-speaker_number-3,4321,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6171,no +4321-speakers-3,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6171,no 4321-speaker_number-4,4321,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Breton (1997).,bib67,no 4321-speakers-4,4321,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Breton (1997).,bib67,no -4321-LEI-1,4321,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6746,yes -4321-domains_of_use-1,4321,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6746,yes -4321-vitality-1,4321,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6746,yes +4321-LEI-1,4321,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6770,yes +4321-domains_of_use-1,4321,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6770,yes +4321-vitality-1,4321,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6770,yes 4321-LEI-2,4321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4321-vitality-2,4321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4321-LEI-3,4321,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6147,no -4321-transmission-3,4321,transmission,2,transmission-2,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6147,no -4321-vitality-3,4321,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6147,no +4321-LEI-3,4321,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6171,no +4321-transmission-3,4321,transmission,2,transmission-2,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6171,no +4321-vitality-3,4321,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,...[T]he whole community is either bilingual or multilingual. Most of them speak Garwali and Hindi fluently. It is alarming that several younger speakers do not speak Jad at all. Those who use it speak a highly mixed variety.,bib6171,no 4321-LEI-4,4321,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4321-vitality-4,4321,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4325-location-1,4325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.749, 14.5458]]}",,,bib5307,no -4325-location-2,4325,location,"{""Description"": ""Jilbe town, a settlement on the border of Cameroon and Nigeria across from the town of Dabanga""}",,,bib7615,yes +4325-location-1,4325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.749, 14.5458]]}",,,bib5330,no +4325-location-2,4325,location,"{""Description"": ""Jilbe town, a settlement on the border of Cameroon and Nigeria across from the town of Dabanga""}",,,bib7640,yes 4325-location-3,4325,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4325-speaker_number-1,4325,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4325-speakers-1,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4325-speaker_number-2,4325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -4325-speakers-2,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4325-speaker_number-1,4325,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4325-speakers-1,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4325-speaker_number-2,4325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +4325-speakers-2,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4325-speaker_number-3,4325,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4325-speakers-3,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4325-speaker_number-4,4325,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Tourneux.,bib67,no 4325-speakers-4,4325,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Tourneux.,bib67,no -4325-LEI-1,4325,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4325-vitality-1,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4325-LEI-2,4325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4325-vitality-2,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4325-LEI-1,4325,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4325-vitality-1,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4325-LEI-2,4325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4325-vitality-2,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4325-LEI-3,4325,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4325-vitality-3,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4325-LEI-4,4325,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4325-vitality-4,4325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4327-context-1,4327,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, Gude, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"In order to communicate with those of surrounding languages, Jimi speakers use Fulfulde, a language of wider communication. ... Jimi speakers share common origins with those of Gude, and they consider themselves to be one people with Gude speakers. They also share in celebrations with Gude speakers and frequently marry Gude speakers. ... Students use French for all aspects of schooling—that is, in-class instruction as well as during times of recreation.",bib1324,yes -4327-location-1,4327,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Buachi State, Bauchi Division, Ganjuwa District, Jimi Village""}",,,bib6944,no -4327-location-2,4327,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The Jimi language is spoken in seven villages in the Bourrah subdivision of the\nMayo-Tsanaga division [Far North, Cameroon]."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.339154, 13.562401]]}",,,bib1324,yes +4327-context-1,4327,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, Gude, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"In order to communicate with those of surrounding languages, Jimi speakers use Fulfulde, a language of wider communication. ... Jimi speakers share common origins with those of Gude, and they consider themselves to be one people with Gude speakers. They also share in celebrations with Gude speakers and frequently marry Gude speakers. ... Students use French for all aspects of schooling—that is, in-class instruction as well as during times of recreation.",bib1333,yes +4327-location-1,4327,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Buachi State, Bauchi Division, Ganjuwa District, Jimi Village""}",,,bib6968,no +4327-location-2,4327,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The Jimi language is spoken in seven villages in the Bourrah subdivision of the\nMayo-Tsanaga division [Far North, Cameroon]."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.339154, 13.562401]]}",,,bib1333,yes 4327-location-3,4327,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no 4327-speaker_number-1,4327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4327-speakers-1,4327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4327-speaker_number-2,4327,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4327-speakers-2,4327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4327-speaker_number-3,4327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Ethnologue (SIL), in 1982 the Jimi-speaking population numbered 3,500. The Catholic priest who lives in Bourrah estimates the present total population to be 2,500. Self-reporting during our group interviews in two villages revealed there to be about 600 residents in Mijimi and 800 in Mbola.",bib1324,yes -4327-speakers-3,4327,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Ethnologue (SIL), in 1982 the Jimi-speaking population numbered 3,500. The Catholic priest who lives in Bourrah estimates the present total population to be 2,500. Self-reporting during our group interviews in two villages revealed there to be about 600 residents in Mijimi and 800 in Mbola.",bib1324,yes +4327-speaker_number-2,4327,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4327-speakers-2,4327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4327-speaker_number-3,4327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Ethnologue (SIL), in 1982 the Jimi-speaking population numbered 3,500. The Catholic priest who lives in Bourrah estimates the present total population to be 2,500. Self-reporting during our group interviews in two villages revealed there to be about 600 residents in Mijimi and 800 in Mbola.",bib1333,yes +4327-speakers-3,4327,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500-3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Ethnologue (SIL), in 1982 the Jimi-speaking population numbered 3,500. The Catholic priest who lives in Bourrah estimates the present total population to be 2,500. Self-reporting during our group interviews in two villages revealed there to be about 600 residents in Mijimi and 800 in Mbola.",bib1333,yes 4327-speaker_number-4,4327,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no 4327-speakers-4,4327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no 4327-LEI-1,4327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4327-vitality-1,4327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4327-LEI-2,4327,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4327-vitality-2,4327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4327-LEI-3,4327,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1324,yes -4327-transmission-3,4327,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1324,yes -4327-domains_of_use-3,4327,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1324,yes -4327-speaker_number_trends-3,4327,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1324,yes -4327-vitality-3,4327,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1324,yes +4327-LEI-2,4327,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4327-vitality-2,4327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4327-LEI-3,4327,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1333,yes +4327-transmission-3,4327,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1333,yes +4327-domains_of_use-3,4327,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1333,yes +4327-speaker_number_trends-3,4327,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1333,yes +4327-vitality-3,4327,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Jimi is the primary language spoken in the home, during conversations with friends, and at work. It is also used at the markets, although in Mbola, Fulfulde is also needed in order to communicate with strangers. Jimi is the only language reported to be used for public gatherings such as traditional ceremonies, making announcements, and meetings with regional chiefs.",bib1333,yes 4327-LEI-4,4327,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4327-vitality-4,4327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4328-location-1,4328,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Jinghong County, Youle (Jinuo) Mountain area.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4328-location-1,4328,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Jinghong County, Youle (Jinuo) Mountain area.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4328-location-2,4328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.0, 101.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4328-location-3,4328,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no 4328-speaker_number-1,4328,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4328-speakers-1,4328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4328-speaker_number-2,4328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by less than half of the nationality (20,899).",bib1205,yes -4328-speakers-2,4328,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,899"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by less than half of the nationality (20,899).",bib1205,yes +4328-speaker_number-2,4328,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken by less than half of the nationality (20,899).",bib1214,yes +4328-speakers-2,4328,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,899"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken by less than half of the nationality (20,899).",bib1214,yes 4328-speaker_number-3,4328,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Bradley (2007).,bib67,no 4328-speakers-3,4328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Bradley (2007).,bib67,no 4328-LEI-1,4328,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4328-vitality-1,4328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4328-LEI-2,4328,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1205,yes -4328-transmission-2,4328,transmission,4,transmission-4,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1205,yes -4328-vitality-2,4328,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1205,yes +4328-LEI-2,4328,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1214,yes +4328-transmission-2,4328,transmission,4,transmission-4,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1214,yes +4328-vitality-2,4328,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Difficult to find fluent speakers under 30.,bib1214,yes 4328-LEI-3,4328,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4328-vitality-3,4328,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4329-context-1,4329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Used as L2 by Achuar-Shiwiar [acu], Waorani [auc].",bib70,no -4329-location-1,4329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8826, -78.0303]]}",,,bib5307,no +4329-location-1,4329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.8826, -78.0303]]}",,,bib5330,no 4329-location-2,4329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.5, -78.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4329-location-3,4329,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern jungle, Morona-Santiago Province""}",,"Between the Pastaza and Marañón rivers, east of Cuenca City.",bib67,yes -4329-speaker_number-1,4329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4329-speakers-1,4329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4329-speaker_number-1,4329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4329-speakers-1,4329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4329-speaker_number-2,4329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Huambisa (Huambiza, Wambisa, Wampis) [hub]: 9,330 (2000) (2013). Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in Peru. Population total all countries: 7,000. The majority are monolingual (2013).",bib70,no 4329-speakers-2,4329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""61,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Huambisa (Huambiza, Wambisa, Wampis) [hub]: 9,330 (2000) (2013). @@ -45601,53 +45787,53 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4329-speakers-3,4329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,669"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4329-speaker_number-4,4329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the ethnic population comes from Montaluisa.,bib67,yes 4329-speakers-4,4329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000 - 50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the ethnic population comes from Montaluisa.,bib67,yes -4329-LEI-1,4329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4329-vitality-1,4329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4329-LEI-1,4329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4329-vitality-1,4329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4329-LEI-2,4329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4329-vitality-2,4329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 4329-LEI-3,4329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4329-vitality-3,4329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4329-LEI-4,4329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4329-vitality-4,4329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4330-location-1,4330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.4758, 101.3111]]}",,,bib5307,no -4330-location-2,4330,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province""}",,Southwest of Jinghong in the Buyuan mountains,bib1205,yes +4330-location-1,4330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.4758, 101.3111]]}",,,bib5330,no +4330-location-2,4330,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province""}",,Southwest of Jinghong in the Buyuan mountains,bib1214,yes 4330-location-3,4330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.0, 101.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4330-location-4,4330,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4330-speaker_number-1,4330,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4330-speakers-1,4330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4330-speaker_number-2,4330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Distinct dialect from Youle Jinuo.,bib1205,yes -4330-speakers-2,4330,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,899"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Distinct dialect from Youle Jinuo.,bib1205,yes +4330-speaker_number-1,4330,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4330-speakers-1,4330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4330-speaker_number-2,4330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Distinct dialect from Youle Jinuo.,bib1214,yes +4330-speakers-2,4330,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,899"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Distinct dialect from Youle Jinuo.,bib1214,yes 4330-speaker_number-3,4330,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4330-speakers-3,4330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4330-speaker_number-4,4330,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most speakers are monolingual. Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.,bib67,no 4330-speakers-4,4330,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,021"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most speakers are monolingual. Data for the ethnic population is from the 1990 census.,bib67,no -4330-LEI-1,4330,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4330-vitality-1,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4330-LEI-2,4330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -4330-vitality-2,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +4330-LEI-1,4330,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4330-vitality-1,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4330-LEI-2,4330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +4330-vitality-2,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 4330-LEI-3,4330,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4330-vitality-3,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4330-LEI-4,4330,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4330-vitality-4,4330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4332-location-1,4332,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gar"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.302728, 9.920225]]}",,,bib7838,no +4332-location-1,4332,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gar"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.302728, 9.920225]]}",,,bib7863,no 4332-location-2,4332,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Bauchi and Alkaleri LGAs"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.447299, 9.538467]]}",,,bib67,yes 4332-speaker_number-1,4332,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4332-speakers-1,4332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4332-LEI-1,4332,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4332-vitality-1,4332,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4333-location-1,4333,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Daloka, South Kordafan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.90883, 29.728575]]}",,,bib6576,no -4333-location-2,4333,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.7901, 29.8635]]}",,,bib5307,no +4333-location-1,4333,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Daloka, South Kordafan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.90883, 29.728575]]}",,,bib6600,no +4333-location-2,4333,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.7901, 29.8635]]}",,,bib5330,no 4333-location-3,4333,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6666666667, 30.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4333-location-4,4333,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4333-speakers-1,4333,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6576,no -4333-speaker_number-2,4333,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4333-speakers-2,4333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4333-speakers-1,4333,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6600,no +4333-speaker_number-2,4333,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4333-speakers-2,4333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4333-speaker_number-3,4333,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4333-speakers-3,4333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4333-speaker_number-4,4333,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982). Dajik.,bib67,yes 4333-speakers-4,4333,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982). Dajik.,bib67,yes -4333-LEI-1,4333,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4333-vitality-1,4333,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4333-LEI-1,4333,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4333-vitality-1,4333,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4333-LEI-2,4333,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4333-vitality-2,4333,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4333-LEI-3,4333,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -45662,120 +45848,120 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4335-LEI-2,4335,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Used by] Mainly older adults.,bib67,yes 4335-transmission-2,4335,transmission,4,transmission-4,[Used by] Mainly older adults.,bib67,yes 4335-vitality-2,4335,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,[Used by] Mainly older adults.,bib67,yes -4337-location-1,4337,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7748, 78.4753]]}",,,bib5307,no +4337-location-1,4337,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7748, 78.4753]]}",,,bib5330,no 4337-location-2,4337,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.5833333333, 78.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4337-location-3,4337,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,yes -4337-speaker_number-1,4337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4337-speakers-1,4337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4337-speaker_number-1,4337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4337-speakers-1,4337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4337-speaker_number-2,4337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4337-speakers-2,4337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4337-speaker_number-3,4337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4337-speakers-3,4337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,990"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4337-LEI-1,4337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4337-vitality-1,4337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4337-LEI-1,4337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4337-vitality-1,4337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4337-LEI-2,4337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4337-vitality-2,4337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4337-LEI-3,4337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4337-vitality-3,4337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4338-context-1,4338,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib3884,yes -4338-location-1,4338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.4859, 78.0908]]}",,,bib5307,no -4338-location-2,4338,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Uttarakhand, Dehra Dun district, Kalsi, Tiuni, and Chakrata tahsils, Jaunsar-Bawar division.""}",,,bib3884,yes -4338-speaker_number-1,4338,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4338-speakers-1,4338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114,733"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -4338-speaker_number-2,4338,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number estimate from 1991 census; rest of information was gathered during field work in 2004.,bib3884,yes -4338-speakers-2,4338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96,995"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number estimate from 1991 census; rest of information was gathered during field work in 2004.,bib3884,yes +4338-context-1,4338,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib3904,yes +4338-location-1,4338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.4859, 78.0908]]}",,,bib5330,no +4338-location-2,4338,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Uttarakhand, Dehra Dun district, Kalsi, Tiuni, and Chakrata tahsils, Jaunsar-Bawar division.""}",,,bib3904,yes +4338-speaker_number-1,4338,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4338-speakers-1,4338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114,733"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +4338-speaker_number-2,4338,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number estimate from 1991 census; rest of information was gathered during field work in 2004.,bib3904,yes +4338-speakers-2,4338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96,995"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number estimate from 1991 census; rest of information was gathered during field work in 2004.,bib3904,yes 4338-speaker_number-3,4338,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4338-speakers-3,4338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4338-LEI-1,4338,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4338-vitality-1,4338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4338-LEI-2,4338,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3884,yes -4338-transmission-2,4338,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3884,yes -4338-domains_of_use-2,4338,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3884,yes -4338-vitality-2,4338,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3884,yes +4338-LEI-1,4338,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4338-vitality-1,4338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4338-LEI-2,4338,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3904,yes +4338-transmission-2,4338,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3904,yes +4338-domains_of_use-2,4338,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3904,yes +4338-vitality-2,4338,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3904,yes 4338-LEI-3,4338,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4338-vitality-3,4338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4340-location-1,4340,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.6419, 86.2123]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4340-location-1,4340,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.6419, 86.2123]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4340-location-2,4340,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4340-speaker_number-1,4340,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -4340-speakers-1,4340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,919"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +4340-speaker_number-1,4340,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +4340-speakers-1,4340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,919"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 4340-speaker_number-2,4340,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4340-speakers-2,4340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,919"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4340-speaker_number-3,4340,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4340-speakers-3,4340,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4340-LEI-1,4340,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4340-vitality-1,4340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4340-LEI-1,4340,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4340-vitality-1,4340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4340-LEI-2,4340,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4340-vitality-2,4340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4340-LEI-3,4340,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4340-vitality-3,4340,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4341-context-2,4341,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oriya"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,Oriya proficiency is higher among men and the educated.,bib67,no -4341-context-3,4341,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""non-official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Oriya"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""They look up to their culture and have a very positive attitude towards their language. Language proficiency is pretty impressive even in the case of bilingual or multilingual Juangs though it is higher among the older generation. The medium of education is Oriya though the government has prepared a few Juang primers for children and older people."" (pp. 508-509)",bib5786,yes +4341-context-3,4341,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""non-official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Oriya"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""They look up to their culture and have a very positive attitude towards their language. Language proficiency is pretty impressive even in the case of bilingual or multilingual Juangs though it is higher among the older generation. The medium of education is Oriya though the government has prepared a few Juang primers for children and older people."" (pp. 508-509)",bib5810,yes 4341-location-1,4341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.3333333333, 86.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4341-location-2,4341,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Odisha, south Keonjhar, north Angul, east Dhenkanal districts.""}",,,bib67,no -4341-location-3,4341,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Gonasika and Pillara hills, and Keonjhar and Dhenkanal districts""}",,,bib5786,yes -4341-location-4,4341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.0742, 85.6164]]}",,,bib5307,no -4341-speaker_number-1,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib466,no -4341-speakers-1,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib466,no +4341-location-3,4341,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Gonasika and Pillara hills, and Keonjhar and Dhenkanal districts""}",,,bib5810,yes +4341-location-4,4341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.0742, 85.6164]]}",,,bib5330,no +4341-speaker_number-1,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib468,no +4341-speakers-1,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib468,no 4341-speaker_number-2,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,No monolingual speakers of Juang,bib67,no 4341-speakers-2,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,No monolingual speakers of Juang,bib67,no -4341-speaker_number-3,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5786,yes -4341-speakers-3,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30875"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5786,yes -4341-speaker_number-4,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4341-speakers-4,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4341-speaker_number-3,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5810,yes +4341-speakers-3,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30875"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5810,yes +4341-speaker_number-4,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4341-speakers-4,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4341-speaker_number-5,4341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4341-speakers-5,4341,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4341-LEI-1,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Threatened overall and locally endangered.,bib466,no -4341-vitality-1,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Threatened overall and locally endangered.,bib466,no +4341-LEI-1,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Threatened overall and locally endangered.,bib468,no +4341-vitality-1,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Threatened overall and locally endangered.,bib468,no 4341-LEI-2,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4341-vitality-2,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4341-LEI-3,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5786,yes -4341-transmission-3,4341,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5786,yes -4341-domains_of_use-3,4341,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5786,yes -4341-speaker_number_trends-3,4341,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5786,yes -4341-vitality-3,4341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5786,yes -4341-LEI-4,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4341-vitality-4,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4341-LEI-3,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5810,yes +4341-transmission-3,4341,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5810,yes +4341-domains_of_use-3,4341,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5810,yes +4341-speaker_number_trends-3,4341,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5810,yes +4341-vitality-3,4341,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Speakers of this language use their mother tongue not only at home but also with their peers in school and other places in the community."" (p.508)",bib5810,yes +4341-LEI-4,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4341-vitality-4,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4341-LEI-5,4341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4341-vitality-5,4341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4345-location-1,4345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.45659025, 142.9043198]]}",,,bib1182,no -4345-location-2,4345,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +4345-location-1,4345,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.45659025, 142.9043198]]}",,,bib1191,no +4345-location-2,4345,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Queensland, central Cape York Peninsula.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 4345-location-3,4345,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4345-speaker_number-1,4345,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4345-speakers-1,4345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4345-speaker_number-2,4345,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing considerably since.",bib5309,yes -4345-speakers-2,4345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing considerably since.",bib5309,yes +4345-speaker_number-2,4345,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing considerably since.",bib5332,yes +4345-speakers-2,4345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, possibly fifty speakers were reported. The number of speakers has been decreasing considerably since.",bib5332,yes 4345-speaker_number-3,4345,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4345-speakers-3,4345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4345-speaker_number-4,4345,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4345-speakers-4,4345,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4345-LEI-1,4345,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4345-vitality-1,4345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4345-LEI-2,4345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -4345-transmission-2,4345,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -4345-domains_of_use-2,4345,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -4345-speaker_number_trends-2,4345,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes -4345-vitality-2,4345,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5309,yes +4345-LEI-2,4345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +4345-transmission-2,4345,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +4345-domains_of_use-2,4345,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +4345-speaker_number_trends-2,4345,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes +4345-vitality-2,4345,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is seriously endangered.,bib5332,yes 4345-LEI-3,4345,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4345-vitality-3,4345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4345-LEI-4,4345,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4345-vitality-4,4345,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4346-context-1,4346,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Taught in primary schools""}",,,bib67,yes -4346-location-1,4346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.0105, 94.7653]]}",,,bib5307,no +4346-location-1,4346,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.0105, 94.7653]]}",,,bib5330,no 4346-location-2,4346,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang District, Singa circle, Yang Sang Chu valley, Nyering, Nuykkang, Yortung, Mankota, Tashigong villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -4346-speaker_number-1,4346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4346-speakers-1,4346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4346-speaker_number-1,4346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4346-speakers-1,4346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4346-speaker_number-2,4346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4346-speakers-2,4346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4346-speaker_number-3,4346,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4346-speakers-3,4346,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,333"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4346-LEI-1,4346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4346-vitality-1,4346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4346-LEI-1,4346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4346-vitality-1,4346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4346-LEI-2,4346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4346-vitality-2,4346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4346-LEI-3,4346,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4346-vitality-3,4346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4350-context-1,4350,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"""In the Kanum speaking areas, the villagers speak Kanum with their parents, spouses, siblings, friends, in the fields, and during traditional ceremonies. The domains in which they speak Indonesian are in the village’s representative meetings, in church, during prayer, at the clinic, or for public announcements.""",bib4352,no -4350-location-1,4350,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yanggandur Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.535, 140.868]]}",,,bib4352,no +4350-context-1,4350,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"""In the Kanum speaking areas, the villagers speak Kanum with their parents, spouses, siblings, friends, in the fields, and during traditional ceremonies. The domains in which they speak Indonesian are in the village’s representative meetings, in church, during prayer, at the clinic, or for public announcements.""",bib4373,no +4350-location-1,4350,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yanggandur Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.535, 140.868]]}",,,bib4373,no 4350-location-2,4350,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.66666666667, 140.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4350-location-3,4350,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4350-speaker_number-1,4350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -45786,35 +45972,35 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4350-vitality-1,4350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4350-LEI-3,4350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4350-vitality-3,4350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4352-context-1,4352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandyak""}",,"Speakers are bilingual in Mandyak, which appears to have become the dominant first language of the group.",bib7615,yes +4352-context-1,4352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandyak""}",,"Speakers are bilingual in Mandyak, which appears to have become the dominant first language of the group.",bib7640,yes 4352-location-1,4352,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -4352-location-2,4352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4017, -16.3229]]}",,,bib5307,no -4352-location-3,4352,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea Bissau"", ""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""near Banyum (in Guinea Bissau)""}",,,bib6944,no +4352-location-2,4352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4017, -16.3229]]}",,,bib5330,no +4352-location-3,4352,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea Bissau"", ""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""near Banyum (in Guinea Bissau)""}",,,bib6968,no 4352-speaker_number-1,4352,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"690 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 1,090. Ethnic population: 690",bib67,no 4352-speakers-1,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,090"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"690 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 1,090. Ethnic population: 690",bib67,no -4352-speaker_number-2,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4352-speakers-2,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4352-speaker_number-2,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4352-speakers-2,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4352-speaker_number-3,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4352-speakers-3,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4352-speaker_number-4,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4352-speakers-4,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4352-speaker_number-5,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1685,no -4352-speakers-5,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1685,no -4352-speaker_number-6,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -4352-speakers-6,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4352-speaker_number-4,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4352-speakers-4,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4352-speaker_number-5,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1697,no +4352-speakers-5,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1697,no +4352-speaker_number-6,4352,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +4352-speakers-6,4352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4352-LEI-1,4352,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4352-vitality-1,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4352-LEI-2,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4352-vitality-2,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4352-LEI-2,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4352-vitality-2,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4352-LEI-3,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4352-vitality-3,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4352-LEI-4,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4352-vitality-4,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4352-LEI-5,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -4352-vitality-5,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -4352-LEI-6,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4352-vitality-6,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4353-location-1,4353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.040325165, 147.4664001]]}",,,bib7945,no +4352-LEI-4,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4352-vitality-4,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4352-LEI-5,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +4352-vitality-5,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +4352-LEI-6,4352,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4352-vitality-6,4352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4353-location-1,4353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.040325165, 147.4664001]]}",,,bib7970,no 4353-location-2,4353,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4353-speaker_number-1,4353,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4353-speakers-1,4353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""219"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -45824,91 +46010,91 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4353-vitality-1,4353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4353-LEI-2,4353,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4353-vitality-2,4353,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4354-context-1,4354,context,"{""Government Support"": ""\""The situation is made worse by the fact that they are \u2018intentionally endangered\u2019, actively discouraged by government policy.\""""}",,"The first efforts of literacy in Kufo began in 1994, with the production of a primer and work on the language has continued ever since.",bib1008,no -4354-context-2,4354,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib7615,yes -4354-location-1,4354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.844, 29.4708]]}",,,bib5307,no -4354-location-2,4354,location,"{""Places"": [""Khartoum and Kosti""], ""Description"": ""\""Kufo [=Kufa] was spoken originally in some six villages of the Nuba Hills, but today is spoken principally by dislocated communities in Khartoum and Kosti.'""}",,,bib1008,no -4354-location-3,4354,location,"{""Places"": [""Miri Hills, Sudan""]}",,,bib7615,yes +4354-context-1,4354,context,"{""Government Support"": ""\""The situation is made worse by the fact that they are \u2018intentionally endangered\u2019, actively discouraged by government policy.\""""}",,"The first efforts of literacy in Kufo began in 1994, with the production of a primer and work on the language has continued ever since.",bib1012,no +4354-context-2,4354,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib7640,yes +4354-location-1,4354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.844, 29.4708]]}",,,bib5330,no +4354-location-2,4354,location,"{""Places"": [""Khartoum and Kosti""], ""Description"": ""\""Kufo [=Kufa] was spoken originally in some six villages of the Nuba Hills, but today is spoken principally by dislocated communities in Khartoum and Kosti.'""}",,,bib1012,no +4354-location-3,4354,location,"{""Places"": [""Miri Hills, Sudan""]}",,,bib7640,yes 4354-location-4,4354,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -4354-speaker_number-1,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4354-speakers-1,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4354-speaker_number-3,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -4354-speakers-3,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4354-speaker_number-1,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4354-speakers-1,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4354-speaker_number-3,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +4354-speakers-3,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4354-speaker_number-4,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4354-speakers-4,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4354-speaker_number-5,4354,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4354-speakers-5,4354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4354-LEI-1,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4354-vitality-1,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4354-LEI-2,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4354-vitality-2,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4354-LEI-1,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4354-vitality-1,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4354-LEI-2,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4354-vitality-2,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4354-LEI-3,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4354-vitality-3,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4354-LEI-4,4354,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4354-vitality-4,4354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4355-location-1,4355,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7329, 29.3939]]}",,,bib5307,no +4355-location-1,4355,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7329, 29.3939]]}",,,bib5330,no 4355-location-2,4355,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.8333333333, 29.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4355-location-3,4355,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4355-speaker_number-1,4355,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4355-speakers-1,4355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4355-speaker_number-1,4355,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4355-speakers-1,4355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4355-speaker_number-2,4355,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4355-speakers-2,4355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4355-speaker_number-3,4355,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,200 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes 4355-speakers-3,4355,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,200 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes -4355-LEI-1,4355,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4355-vitality-1,4355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4355-LEI-1,4355,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4355-vitality-1,4355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4355-LEI-2,4355,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4355-vitality-2,4355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4355-LEI-3,4355,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4355-vitality-3,4355,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4357-context-1,4357,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Luguru""}",,,bib5906,yes -4357-location-1,4357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8937, 37.1337]]}",,,bib5307,no -4357-location-2,4357,location,"{""Places"": [""Morogoro region of Tanzania"", ""Mikese"", ""Mkunga Mhola, Dete, Lukonde""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.729292, 37.922087]]}",,"The area where most Kami speakers live is called Mikese and is situated to the east of Morogoro town. Speakers can be found in Mkunga Mhola, Dete, and (Lukonde) Koo.""",bib5906,yes -4357-speaker_number-1,4357,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,518 but it does not say anything about the competence of those speakers. The number of fluent speakers left is significantly lower, as was established during field trips to the area (2008 , 2009, 2014 , and 2016). We found no children or adolescents speaking the language, which means that the language is threatened with extinction. Our youngest informant was in his thirties, and he could only understand Kami, not speak it. Swahili, the national language of Tanzania, is gaining ground at the expense of Kami, and is the only language (apart from English) allowed in education, media, parliament and church. That said, Swahili is not the major threat to Kami – the regional language Luguru is.",bib5906,yes -4357-speakers-1,4357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,518"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,518 but it does not say anything about the competence of those speakers. The number of fluent speakers left is significantly lower, as was established during field trips to the area (2008 , 2009, 2014 , and 2016). We found no children or adolescents speaking the language, which means that the language is threatened with extinction. Our youngest informant was in his thirties, and he could only understand Kami, not speak it. Swahili, the national language of Tanzania, is gaining ground at the expense of Kami, and is the only language (apart from English) allowed in education, media, parliament and church. That said, Swahili is not the major threat to Kami – the regional language Luguru is.",bib5906,yes -4357-LEI-1,4357,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5906,yes -4357-transmission-1,4357,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5906,yes -4357-speaker_number_trends-1,4357,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5906,yes -4357-vitality-1,4357,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5906,yes -4358-location-1,4358,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9548, 37.5292]]}",,,bib5307,no -4358-location-2,4358,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""south island of Abaya""}",,,bib6944,no -4358-location-3,4358,location,"{""Description"": ""Mole village, west of Lake Abaya, Ethiopia""}",,,bib7615,yes +4357-context-1,4357,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Luguru""}",,,bib5930,yes +4357-location-1,4357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.8937, 37.1337]]}",,,bib5330,no +4357-location-2,4357,location,"{""Places"": [""Morogoro region of Tanzania"", ""Mikese"", ""Mkunga Mhola, Dete, Lukonde""], ""Coordinates"": [[-6.729292, 37.922087]]}",,"The area where most Kami speakers live is called Mikese and is situated to the east of Morogoro town. Speakers can be found in Mkunga Mhola, Dete, and (Lukonde) Koo.""",bib5930,yes +4357-speaker_number-1,4357,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,518 but it does not say anything about the competence of those speakers. The number of fluent speakers left is significantly lower, as was established during field trips to the area (2008 , 2009, 2014 , and 2016). We found no children or adolescents speaking the language, which means that the language is threatened with extinction. Our youngest informant was in his thirties, and he could only understand Kami, not speak it. Swahili, the national language of Tanzania, is gaining ground at the expense of Kami, and is the only language (apart from English) allowed in education, media, parliament and church. That said, Swahili is not the major threat to Kami – the regional language Luguru is.",bib5930,yes +4357-speakers-1,4357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,518"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,518 but it does not say anything about the competence of those speakers. The number of fluent speakers left is significantly lower, as was established during field trips to the area (2008 , 2009, 2014 , and 2016). We found no children or adolescents speaking the language, which means that the language is threatened with extinction. Our youngest informant was in his thirties, and he could only understand Kami, not speak it. Swahili, the national language of Tanzania, is gaining ground at the expense of Kami, and is the only language (apart from English) allowed in education, media, parliament and church. That said, Swahili is not the major threat to Kami – the regional language Luguru is.",bib5930,yes +4357-LEI-1,4357,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5930,yes +4357-transmission-1,4357,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5930,yes +4357-speaker_number_trends-1,4357,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5930,yes +4357-vitality-1,4357,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5930,yes +4358-location-1,4358,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9548, 37.5292]]}",,,bib5330,no +4358-location-2,4358,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""south island of Abaya""}",,,bib6968,no +4358-location-3,4358,location,"{""Description"": ""Mole village, west of Lake Abaya, Ethiopia""}",,,bib7640,yes 4358-location-4,4358,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -4358-speaker_number-1,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4358-speakers-1,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4358-speaker_number-2,4358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4358-speakers-2,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4358-speaker_number-3,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -4358-speakers-3,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +4358-speaker_number-1,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4358-speakers-1,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4358-speaker_number-2,4358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4358-speakers-2,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4358-speaker_number-3,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +4358-speakers-3,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 4358-speaker_number-4,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4358-speakers-4,4358,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,072"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4358-speaker_number-5,4358,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,002 monolinguals including 816 Kachama, 186 Ganjule. 2,682 Kachama, 1,390 Ganjule; 419 L2 speakers including 223 Kachama, 196 Ganjule.",bib67,no 4358-speakers-5,4358,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,886"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""419""}",,"1,002 monolinguals including 816 Kachama, 186 Ganjule. 2,682 Kachama, 1,390 Ganjule; 419 L2 speakers including 223 Kachama, 196 Ganjule.",bib67,no -4358-LEI-1,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4358-vitality-1,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4358-LEI-2,4358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4358-vitality-2,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4358-LEI-3,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4358-vitality-3,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4358-LEI-1,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4358-vitality-1,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4358-LEI-2,4358,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4358-vitality-2,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4358-LEI-3,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4358-vitality-3,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4358-LEI-4,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4358-vitality-4,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4358-LEI-5,4358,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4358-vitality-5,4358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4359-context-1,4359,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""both official and non-official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla (official language); Garo; Hajong"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"In Bangladesh, Koch is used dominantly in daily life between the Koch except for the official domains, and occasions like worship, interacting with non-Koch speakers and in the marketplaces.",bib337,yes 4359-context-2,4359,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali; Assamese; Garo; English; Hindi; Hajong; Rabha; Bora; Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib67,no -4359-location-1,4359,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.7603, 90.3955]]}",,,bib5307,no +4359-location-1,4359,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.7603, 90.3955]]}",,,bib5330,no 4359-location-2,4359,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""the plains of Sherpur district in Dhaka division, mostly near the Indian border.""}",,,bib337,yes 4359-location-3,4359,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bangladesh""], ""Description"": ""Meghalaya, West Garo Hills District; Assam, Goalpara, Nagaon districts; Tripura; West Bengal; Bihar. Also in Bangladesh.""}",,,bib67,no -4359-speaker_number-1,4359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4359-speakers-1,4359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4359-speaker_number-1,4359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4359-speakers-1,4359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4359-speaker_number-2,4359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 4359-speakers-2,4359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,119"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 4359-speaker_number-3,4359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4359-speakers-3,4359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4359-speaker_number-4,4359,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 speakers in India, and 6,000 in Bangladesh.",bib67,no 4359-speakers-4,4359,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,000 (total population, all countries)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 speakers in India, and 6,000 in Bangladesh.",bib67,no -4359-LEI-1,4359,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4359-vitality-1,4359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4359-LEI-1,4359,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4359-vitality-1,4359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4359-LEI-2,4359,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 4359-vitality-2,4359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 4359-LEI-3,4359,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]he Tintekiya Koch tend to live in villages where the majority of people are Tintekiya Koch, so at least within their villages their language is dominant. It is likely that Tintekiya Koch in Bangladesh will also be increasingly influenced by Bangla, but this influence will be slighter, and the rate at which Tintekiya Koch changes will likely be slower."" (p. 25)",bib337,yes @@ -45921,33 +46107,33 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4359-LEI-5,4359,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4359-transmission-5,4359,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib67,no 4359-vitality-5,4359,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -4361-location-1,4361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1789, 30.2398]]}",,,bib5307,no -4361-location-2,4361,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.029919, 30.052986]]}",,,bib3816,no +4361-location-1,4361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1789, 30.2398]]}",,,bib5330,no +4361-location-2,4361,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Nuba Mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.029919, 30.052986]]}",,,bib3835,no 4361-location-3,4361,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4361-speaker_number-1,4361,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4361-speakers-1,4361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4361-speakers-2,4361,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,886"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3816,no +4361-speaker_number-1,4361,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4361-speakers-1,4361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4361-speakers-2,4361,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,886"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1955-1956""}",,,bib3835,no 4361-speaker_number-3,4361,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4361-speakers-3,4361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4361-speaker_number-4,4361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4361-speakers-4,4361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4361-LEI-1,4361,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4361-vitality-1,4361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4361-LEI-1,4361,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4361-vitality-1,4361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4361-LEI-2,4361,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4361-vitality-2,4361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4361-LEI-3,4361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4361-vitality-3,4361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4363-context-1,4363,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic""}",,Also use Sudanese Arabic [apd].,bib67,yes -4363-location-1,4363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 29.696]]}",,,bib5307,no +4363-location-1,4363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 29.696]]}",,,bib5330,no 4363-location-2,4363,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Nuba Hills, Jebel Demik, north of Miri; west Kadugli Province, 3 areas: Ambong (villages: Ambong, Ambongadi, Kandang, Kuluwaring, Tingiragadi, Lakkadi, Taffor, Arungekkaadi, Bila Ndulang, Roofik, Saadhing); Lubung (villages: Kuwaik, Tungunungunu, Miya Ntaarang, Miya Ntaluwa, Miya Ndumuru, Semalili); Tumuro (villages: Koolo, Kayide, Jughuba, Tumuro).""}",,,bib67,yes -4363-speaker_number-1,4363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4363-speakers-1,4363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,072"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4363-speaker_number-1,4363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4363-speakers-1,4363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,072"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4363-speaker_number-2,4363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4363-speakers-2,4363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,072"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4363-speaker_number-3,4363,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,070 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes 4363-speakers-3,4363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,070 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes -4363-LEI-1,4363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4363-vitality-1,4363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4363-LEI-1,4363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4363-vitality-1,4363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4363-LEI-2,4363,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4363-vitality-2,4363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4363-LEI-3,4363,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most domains. All ages.,bib67,yes @@ -45955,125 +46141,125 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4363-domains_of_use-3,4363,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Most domains. All ages.,bib67,yes 4363-vitality-3,4363,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Most domains. All ages.,bib67,yes 4364-context-1,4364,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Arabic;""}",,,bib67,yes -4364-location-1,4364,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.2161, 29.8471]]}",,,bib5307,no +4364-location-1,4364,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.2161, 29.8471]]}",,,bib5330,no 4364-location-2,4364,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Nuba Hills, Keiga Jirru west of Debri; 6 villages northeast of Kadugli.""}",,,bib67,yes -4364-speaker_number-1,4364,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4364-speakers-1,4364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4364-speaker_number-1,4364,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4364-speakers-1,4364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4364-speaker_number-2,4364,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4364-speakers-2,4364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4364-speaker_number-3,4364,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data is from Welmers(1971).,bib67,yes 4364-speakers-3,4364,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data is from Welmers(1971).,bib67,yes -4364-LEI-1,4364,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4364-vitality-1,4364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4364-LEI-1,4364,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4364-vitality-1,4364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4364-LEI-2,4364,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4364-vitality-2,4364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4364-LEI-3,4364,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4364-vitality-3,4364,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4365-context-1,4365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Kannada; Malayalam; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes; many Kodavas express a strong desire to unite and preserve their linguistic and cultural identity. Despite positive attitudes however, a majority of Kodavas do not support using the language as a medium of education.""}",,High degree of bilingualism.,bib6105,yes +4365-context-1,4365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Kannada; Malayalam; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes; many Kodavas express a strong desire to unite and preserve their linguistic and cultural identity. Despite positive attitudes however, a majority of Kodavas do not support using the language as a medium of education.""}",,High degree of bilingualism.,bib6129,yes 4365-context-2,4365,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kannada; Malayalam; Hindi; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The use of Kodagu is a symbol of identity.""}",,,bib67,no -4365-location-1,4365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 75.9375]]}",,,bib5307,no -4365-location-2,4365,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Kodavas live in the Kodagu (Coorg) district.""}",,,bib6105,yes +4365-location-1,4365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 75.9375]]}",,,bib5330,no +4365-location-2,4365,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Kodavas live in the Kodagu (Coorg) district.""}",,,bib6129,yes 4365-location-3,4365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.1666666667, 76.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4365-location-4,4365,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Coorg (Kodagu) District, around Mercara, Malayalam border south.""}",,,bib67,no -4365-speaker_number-1,4365,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4365-speakers-1,4365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166,187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -4365-speaker_number-2,4365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6105,yes -4365-speakers-2,4365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,011"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6105,yes +4365-speaker_number-1,4365,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4365-speakers-1,4365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""166,187"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +4365-speaker_number-2,4365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6129,yes +4365-speakers-2,4365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,011"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6129,yes 4365-speaker_number-3,4365,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4365-speakers-3,4365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4365-speaker_number-4,4365,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 4365-speakers-4,4365,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""241,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -4365-LEI-1,4365,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4365-vitality-1,4365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4365-LEI-2,4365,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6105,yes -4365-domains_of_use-2,4365,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6105,yes -4365-vitality-2,4365,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6105,yes +4365-LEI-1,4365,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4365-vitality-1,4365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4365-LEI-2,4365,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6129,yes +4365-domains_of_use-2,4365,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6129,yes +4365-vitality-2,4365,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6129,yes 4365-LEI-3,4365,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4365-vitality-3,4365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4365-LEI-4,4365,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4365-domains_of_use-4,4365,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib67,no 4365-vitality-4,4365,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,no 4367-context-1,4367,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telugu; Adivasi Oriya""}",,Many ethnic Konda-Dora have adopted Telugu as their first language.,bib67,no -4367-context-2,4367,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telugu; Adivasi Oriya"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""~60%""}",,,bib6176,no +4367-context-2,4367,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Telugu; Adivasi Oriya"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""~60%""}",,,bib6200,no 4367-location-1,4367,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Konda speakers (54,612) live in Andhra Pradesh.""}",,,bib50,no 4367-location-2,4367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.5, 83.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4367-location-3,4367,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Konda-Dora in Andhra Pradesh, Visianagaram, Srikakulam, East Godavari districts; Kubi in Orissa, Koraput District; Assam""}",,,bib67,no -4367-location-4,4367,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andhra Pradesh state, Visakhapatnam and Sr\u0131kakulam districts, and Orissa state, Koraput district.""}",,,bib7525,yes -4367-location-5,4367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2763, 82.9385]]}",,,bib5307,no +4367-location-4,4367,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andhra Pradesh state, Visakhapatnam and Sr\u0131kakulam districts, and Orissa state, Koraput district.""}",,,bib7550,yes +4367-location-5,4367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2763, 82.9385]]}",,,bib5330,no 4367-speaker_number-1,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 4367-speakers-1,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56,262"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 4367-speaker_number-2,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4367-speakers-2,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4367-speaker_number-3,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4358,no -4367-speakers-3,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4358,no -4367-speaker_number-4,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6176,no -4367-speakers-4,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56,262 according to the 2001 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6176,no -4367-speaker_number-5,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -4367-speakers-5,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes -4367-speaker_number-6,4367,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4367-speakers-6,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""118,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4367-speaker_number-3,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4379,no +4367-speakers-3,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4379,no +4367-speaker_number-4,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6200,no +4367-speakers-4,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56,262 according to the 2001 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6200,no +4367-speaker_number-5,4367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +4367-speakers-5,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes +4367-speaker_number-6,4367,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4367-speakers-6,4367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""118,597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4367-LEI-1,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 4367-vitality-1,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 4367-LEI-2,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4367-vitality-2,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4367-LEI-3,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4358,no -4367-vitality-3,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4358,no -4367-LEI-4,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers of Konda are bilinguals in Telugu besides their mother tongue. The percentage of bilingualism is around sixty percent. The speakers use Adivasi Oriya as a lingua franca in communicating with other tribals [sic] and also as a language of their oral literature.,bib6176,no -4367-vitality-4,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers of Konda are bilinguals in Telugu besides their mother tongue. The percentage of bilingualism is around sixty percent. The speakers use Adivasi Oriya as a lingua franca in communicating with other tribals [sic] and also as a language of their oral literature.,bib6176,no -4367-LEI-5,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -4367-vitality-5,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -4367-LEI-6,4367,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4367-vitality-6,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4368-context-1,4368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tulu, Kannada""}",,,bib6176,no +4367-LEI-3,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4379,no +4367-vitality-3,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4379,no +4367-LEI-4,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers of Konda are bilinguals in Telugu besides their mother tongue. The percentage of bilingualism is around sixty percent. The speakers use Adivasi Oriya as a lingua franca in communicating with other tribals [sic] and also as a language of their oral literature.,bib6200,no +4367-vitality-4,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers of Konda are bilinguals in Telugu besides their mother tongue. The percentage of bilingualism is around sixty percent. The speakers use Adivasi Oriya as a lingua franca in communicating with other tribals [sic] and also as a language of their oral literature.,bib6200,no +4367-LEI-5,4367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +4367-vitality-5,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +4367-LEI-6,4367,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4367-vitality-6,4367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4368-context-1,4368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tulu, Kannada""}",,,bib6200,no 4368-context-2,4368,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tulu""}",,,bib67,yes -4368-location-1,4368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 75.6738]]}",,,bib5307,no +4368-location-1,4368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.6952, 75.6738]]}",,,bib5330,no 4368-location-2,4368,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Dakshina Kannada, and Udupi districts; Kerala, Kannur, and Kasargod districts; Tamil Nadu.""}",,,bib67,yes -4368-speaker_number-1,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4368-speakers-1,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,665"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4368-speaker_number-2,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6176,no -4368-speakers-2,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6176,no +4368-speaker_number-1,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4368-speakers-1,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,665"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4368-speaker_number-2,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6200,no +4368-speakers-2,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6200,no 4368-speaker_number-3,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4368-speakers-3,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4368-speaker_number-4,4368,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4368-speakers-4,4368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4368-LEI-1,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4368-vitality-1,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4368-LEI-2,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Koragas speak in Koraga among themselves and in Tulu or Kannada with outsiders. Like many tribal communities they are active bilinguals.,bib6176,no -4368-vitality-2,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The Koragas speak in Koraga among themselves and in Tulu or Kannada with outsiders. Like many tribal communities they are active bilinguals.,bib6176,no +4368-LEI-1,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4368-vitality-1,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4368-LEI-2,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Koragas speak in Koraga among themselves and in Tulu or Kannada with outsiders. Like many tribal communities they are active bilinguals.,bib6200,no +4368-vitality-2,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The Koragas speak in Koraga among themselves and in Tulu or Kannada with outsiders. Like many tribal communities they are active bilinguals.,bib6200,no 4368-LEI-3,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4368-vitality-3,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4368-LEI-4,4368,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4368-vitality-4,4368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4369-context-1,4369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil; Kannada; Badaga"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive attitude""}",,,bib67,yes -4369-context-2,4369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""60%""}",,,bib6176,no +4369-context-2,4369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""60%""}",,,bib6200,no 4369-location-1,4369,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.5, 77.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4369-location-2,4369,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tamil Nadu, Sholur Kokkal, New Kotagiri, Kilkotagiri, Kollimalai, Kundah Kotagiri, Trichicady, and Gudalur settlements; a few in Ooty, Coonoor, Indunagar, Aravankavu, and Wellington; Chennai.""}",,,bib67,yes -4369-location-3,4369,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib7525,no -4369-location-4,4369,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4154, 76.8576]]}",,,bib5307,no +4369-location-3,4369,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib7550,no +4369-location-4,4369,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4154, 76.8576]]}",,,bib5330,no 4369-speaker_number-1,4369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 4369-speakers-1,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -4369-speaker_number-2,4369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6176,no -4369-speakers-2,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6176,no -4369-speaker_number-3,4369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7525,no -4369-speakers-3,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7525,no -4369-speaker_number-4,4369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4369-speakers-4,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4369-speaker_number-2,4369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6200,no +4369-speakers-2,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6200,no +4369-speaker_number-3,4369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7550,no +4369-speakers-3,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7550,no +4369-speaker_number-4,4369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4369-speakers-4,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4369-speaker_number-5,4369,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4369-speakers-5,4369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4369-LEI-1,4369,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4369-domains_of_use-1,4369,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib67,yes 4369-vitality-1,4369,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -4369-LEI-2,4369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilinguals with more proficiency in Tamil than in Kota.,bib6176,no -4369-vitality-2,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers are bilinguals with more proficiency in Tamil than in Kota.,bib6176,no -4369-LEI-3,4369,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -4369-vitality-3,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -4369-LEI-4,4369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4369-vitality-4,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4369-LEI-2,4369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The speakers are bilinguals with more proficiency in Tamil than in Kota.,bib6200,no +4369-vitality-2,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The speakers are bilinguals with more proficiency in Tamil than in Kota.,bib6200,no +4369-LEI-3,4369,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +4369-vitality-3,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +4369-LEI-4,4369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4369-vitality-4,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4369-LEI-5,4369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4369-vitality-5,4369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4370-context-1,4370,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Malayalam"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib67,yes 4370-location-1,4370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.82, 75.52]]}",,,bib75,no -4370-location-2,4370,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib466,no +4370-location-2,4370,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib468,no 4370-location-3,4370,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kerala, Wayanad District, Mananthavady, Vythiri tahsils; Kannur, Kozhikode districts.""}",,,bib67,yes 4370-speaker_number-1,4370,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4370-speakers-1,4370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,375"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46081,45 +46267,45 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4370-speakers-2,4370,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32,746 (2001 census data)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4370-LEI-1,4370,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4370-vitality-1,4370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4370-LEI-2,4370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is experiencing shift.,bib466,no -4370-domains_of_use-2,4370,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Language is experiencing shift.,bib466,no -4370-vitality-2,4370,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is experiencing shift.,bib466,no +4370-LEI-2,4370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is experiencing shift.,bib468,no +4370-domains_of_use-2,4370,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Language is experiencing shift.,bib468,no +4370-vitality-2,4370,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is experiencing shift.,bib468,no 4370-LEI-3,4370,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many prefer Malayalam over their mother tongue and think children should learn Malayalam first. Possible reluctance to use mother tongue outside of village domain.,bib67,yes 4370-transmission-3,4370,transmission,2,transmission-2,Many prefer Malayalam over their mother tongue and think children should learn Malayalam first. Possible reluctance to use mother tongue outside of village domain.,bib67,yes 4370-domains_of_use-3,4370,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Many prefer Malayalam over their mother tongue and think children should learn Malayalam first. Possible reluctance to use mother tongue outside of village domain.,bib67,yes 4370-vitality-3,4370,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Many prefer Malayalam over their mother tongue and think children should learn Malayalam first. Possible reluctance to use mother tongue outside of village domain.,bib67,yes 4373-context-1,4373,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi""}",,Kinnauri is a trade language.,bib67,no -4373-context-2,4373,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Neutral feelings, speakers do not realize that the language is fast losing fluent speakers to Hindi.",bib5483,yes -4373-context-3,4373,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, Marketplace, some inter-regional interactions""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Strong positive language attitudes among older and middle aged speakers. Younger speakers feel less strongly, but still hold positive attitudes towards the language.""}",,,bib5482,no +4373-context-2,4373,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, religion""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Neutral feelings, speakers do not realize that the language is fast losing fluent speakers to Hindi.",bib5506,yes +4373-context-3,4373,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, Marketplace, some inter-regional interactions""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Strong positive language attitudes among older and middle aged speakers. Younger speakers feel less strongly, but still hold positive attitudes towards the language.""}",,,bib5505,no 4373-location-1,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 4373-location-2,4373,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.5, 78.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4373-location-3,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Kinnaur, Lahul-Spiti districts, Chauhra to Sangla and north along Satluj River to Morang, upper Ropa River Valley villages; Shimla and Rampur area; Uttar Pradesh; Punjab; Kashmir.""}",,,bib67,no -4373-location-4,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""In villages in Kalpa, Sangla and Nichar Tehsil, Moorang and Ropa, Giabong villages in Pooh tehsil in Kinnaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India."", ""Coordinates"": [[31.58333, 78.41667]]}",,,bib5483,yes -4373-location-5,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""the northern side of Himachal Pradesh""}",,,bib5482,no +4373-location-4,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""In villages in Kalpa, Sangla and Nichar Tehsil, Moorang and Ropa, Giabong villages in Pooh tehsil in Kinnaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India."", ""Coordinates"": [[31.58333, 78.41667]]}",,,bib5506,yes +4373-location-5,4373,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""the northern side of Himachal Pradesh""}",,,bib5505,no 4373-speaker_number-1,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 4373-speakers-1,4373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,097"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 4373-speaker_number-2,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4373-speakers-2,4373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4373-speaker_number-3,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Census data puts population of areas where Kinnauri is spoken to be around 40,000. There is no thorough sociolinguistic study to give an exact number of language speakers, fluent or partially. Nobody is learning the language as L2.",bib5483,yes -4373-speakers-3,4373,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Census data puts population of areas where Kinnauri is spoken to be around 40,000. There is no thorough sociolinguistic study to give an exact number of language speakers, fluent or partially. Nobody is learning the language as L2.",bib5483,yes -4373-speaker_number-4,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5482,no -4373-speakers-4,4373,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84,298"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<84,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5482,no +4373-speaker_number-3,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Census data puts population of areas where Kinnauri is spoken to be around 40,000. There is no thorough sociolinguistic study to give an exact number of language speakers, fluent or partially. Nobody is learning the language as L2.",bib5506,yes +4373-speakers-3,4373,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Census data puts population of areas where Kinnauri is spoken to be around 40,000. There is no thorough sociolinguistic study to give an exact number of language speakers, fluent or partially. Nobody is learning the language as L2.",bib5506,yes +4373-speaker_number-4,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5505,no +4373-speakers-4,4373,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""84,298"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<84,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5505,no 4373-speaker_number-5,4373,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4373-speakers-5,4373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""48,778"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4373-LEI-1,4373,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 4373-vitality-1,4373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 4373-LEI-2,4373,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4373-vitality-2,4373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4373-LEI-3,4373,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5483,yes -4373-transmission-3,4373,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5483,yes -4373-domains_of_use-3,4373,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5483,yes -4373-speaker_number_trends-3,4373,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5483,yes -4373-vitality-3,4373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5483,yes -4373-LEI-4,4373,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5482,no -4373-transmission-4,4373,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5482,no -4373-domains_of_use-4,4373,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5482,no -4373-speaker_number_trends-4,4373,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5482,no -4373-vitality-4,4373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5482,no +4373-LEI-3,4373,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5506,yes +4373-transmission-3,4373,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5506,yes +4373-domains_of_use-3,4373,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5506,yes +4373-speaker_number_trends-3,4373,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5506,yes +4373-vitality-3,4373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Children prefer Hindi over Kinnauri due to increased importance of Hindi, due to education policy and modernity. Intergenerational transfer of language is not happening because of preference for Hindi or English.",bib5506,yes +4373-LEI-4,4373,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5505,no +4373-transmission-4,4373,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5505,no +4373-domains_of_use-4,4373,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5505,no +4373-speaker_number_trends-4,4373,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5505,no +4373-vitality-4,4373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In a survey conducted in 2011, 90% of respondents in the older age group reported using Kinnauri as the language of choice in the home. In contrast, 60% of middle aged respondents and only 20% of younger respondents reported using Kinnauri in the home. Hindi is the primary language of interaction in the marketplace and in education",bib5505,no 4373-LEI-5,4373,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4373-vitality-5,4373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4374-location-1,4374,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""North-West Province, Menchum Division, Fungom Subdivision, Ring Road between Weh and Bafmeng. 6 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.461755, 10.13127]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -46140,75 +46326,75 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4375-vitality-1,4375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4375-LEI-2,4375,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4375-vitality-2,4375,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4378-location-1,4378,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4321, 82.9635]]}",,,bib5307,yes -4378-location-2,4378,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""G\u0101m, Kuip\u0101dh\u0101r\u0101 and Tam\u0101li vill\u0101ges in north-eastern Rolp\u0101 of mid-western Nepal""}",,,bib7820,no +4378-location-1,4378,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4321, 82.9635]]}",,,bib5330,yes +4378-location-2,4378,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""G\u0101m, Kuip\u0101dh\u0101r\u0101 and Tam\u0101li vill\u0101ges in north-eastern Rolp\u0101 of mid-western Nepal""}",,,bib7845,no 4378-location-3,4378,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5, 82.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4378-location-4,4378,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4378-speaker_number-1,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -4378-speakers-1,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes -4378-speaker_number-2,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7820,no -4378-speakers-2,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7820,no +4378-speaker_number-1,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +4378-speakers-1,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes +4378-speaker_number-2,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7845,no +4378-speakers-2,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7845,no 4378-speaker_number-3,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4378-speakers-3,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4378-speaker_number-4,4378,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,100 (2000). 1,000 monolinguals",bib67,no 4378-speakers-4,4378,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,100 (2000). 1,000 monolinguals",bib67,no -4378-LEI-1,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4378-vitality-1,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -4378-LEI-2,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7820,no -4378-vitality-2,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7820,no +4378-LEI-1,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4378-vitality-1,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +4378-LEI-2,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7845,no +4378-vitality-2,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7845,no 4378-LEI-3,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4378-vitality-3,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4378-LEI-4,4378,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4378-vitality-4,4378,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4379-location-1,4379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.71355116, 146.4458743]]}",,,bib1182,no +4379-location-1,4379,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.71355116, 146.4458743]]}",,,bib1191,no 4379-speaker_number-2,4379,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4379-speakers-2,4379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4379-speaker_number-3,4379,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -4379-speakers-3,4379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +4379-speaker_number-3,4379,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +4379-speakers-3,4379,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 4379-LEI-1,4379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4379-vitality-1,4379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4379-LEI-2,4379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4379-vitality-2,4379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4380-location-1,4380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +4379-LEI-2,4379,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4379-vitality-2,4379,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4380-location-1,4380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 4380-location-2,4380,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.57, 47.43]]}",,,bib75,no -4380-location-3,4380,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Karinga\u0304n (locally Kera\u0304nga\u0304n), a village in northeastern Azerbaijan... the village is some 84km to the north of Tabriz and some 18km to the south of Os\u030ctobon, the center of Eastern Dizma\u0304r.""}",,,bib7972,no +4380-location-3,4380,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Karinga\u0304n (locally Kera\u0304nga\u0304n), a village in northeastern Azerbaijan... the village is some 84km to the north of Tabriz and some 18km to the south of Os\u030ctobon, the center of Eastern Dizma\u0304r.""}",,,bib7997,no 4380-location-4,4380,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 4380-speaker_number-1,4380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4380-speakers-1,4380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,583"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4380-speakers-2,4380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90 households"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960""}",,I visited the village in the August of 1960. At the time the village consisted of some 90 households,bib7972,no +4380-speakers-2,4380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90 households"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960""}",,I visited the village in the August of 1960. At the time the village consisted of some 90 households,bib7997,no 4380-speaker_number-3,4380,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4380-speakers-3,4380,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4380-LEI-1,4380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4380-vitality-1,4380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4380-LEI-3,4380,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4380-vitality-3,4380,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4381-location-1,4381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.585, 29.8883]]}",,,bib5307,no +4381-location-1,4381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.585, 29.8883]]}",,,bib5330,no 4381-location-2,4381,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5, 30.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4381-location-3,4381,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Kordofan Province, Krongo Hills, south of Masakin range and west of Talodi. Mainly in Tabanya, Toroji and Angolo, and also in Damaguto, Dimadragu, Dimodongo, and Dar.""}",,,bib67,yes -4381-speaker_number-1,4381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4381-speakers-1,4381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,688"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4381-speaker_number-1,4381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4381-speakers-1,4381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,688"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4381-speaker_number-2,4381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4381-speakers-2,4381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,688"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4381-speaker_number-3,4381,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"21,700 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes 4381-speakers-3,4381,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"21,700 (1984 R. Stevenson)",bib67,yes -4381-LEI-1,4381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4381-vitality-1,4381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4381-LEI-1,4381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4381-vitality-1,4381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4381-LEI-2,4381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4381-vitality-2,4381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4381-LEI-3,4381,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4381-vitality-3,4381,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4382-location-1,4382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.99947323, 152.7216997]]}",,,bib1182,no +4382-location-1,4382,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.99947323, 152.7216997]]}",,,bib1191,no 4382-location-2,4382,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4382-speaker_number-1,4382,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -4382-speakers-1,4382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes +4382-speaker_number-1,4382,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +4382-speakers-1,4382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes 4382-speaker_number-2,4382,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,5 speakers of Baanbay,bib34,no 4382-speakers-2,4382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,5 speakers of Baanbay,bib34,no 4382-speaker_number-3,4382,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4382-speakers-3,4382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4382-speaker_number-4,4382,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 4382-speakers-4,4382,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -4382-LEI-1,4382,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4382-vitality-1,4382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4382-LEI-1,4382,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4382-vitality-1,4382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4382-LEI-2,4382,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4382-vitality-2,4382,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4382-LEI-3,4382,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -46225,7 +46411,7 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4384-vitality-1,4384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4384-LEI-2,4384,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4384-vitality-2,4384,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4385-location-1,4385,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Abiowage village, Barowage village, and Danowage village (half Korowai-speaking and half Tsaukambo-speaking), on the Beking River, Merauke Regency, Papua Province""}",,,bib3679,no +4385-location-1,4385,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Abiowage village, Barowage village, and Danowage village (half Korowai-speaking and half Tsaukambo-speaking), on the Beking River, Merauke Regency, Papua Province""}",,,bib3698,no 4385-location-2,4385,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.25, 140.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4385-location-3,4385,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4385-speaker_number-1,4385,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -46261,21 +46447,21 @@ Achuar-Shiwiar [acu] (Achual, Achuale, Achuar, Achuara, Jivaro, Maina): 3,000 in 4390-location-2,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA, Texas""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Kansas, Horton; central Oklahoma, McCloud and Jones; Texas, Nuevo Nacimiento.""}",,,bib67,no 4390-location-3,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Mexico""]}",,"US: Kansas: Horton northeast; Oklahoma: Jones and McCloud; Texas: Nuevo Nacimiento. Mexico: Coahuila state: Nacimiento de Kikapú, 40 km northeast of Muzquiz.",bib70,no -4390-location-4,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA, Texas""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.6147, -100.4386]]}",,,bib5307,no -4390-location-5,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Now on reservations in Kansas and the Mexican state of Coahuila, and in communities near McLoud,\nOklahoma, and Eagle Pass, Texas.""}",,,bib5217,yes -4390-location-6,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA, Texas""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.6972, -95.7089], [35.4245, -97.0713], [28.6147, -100.4386]]}",,,bib1709,no +4390-location-4,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA, Texas""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.6147, -100.4386]]}",,,bib5330,no +4390-location-5,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Now on reservations in Kansas and the Mexican state of Coahuila, and in communities near McLoud,\nOklahoma, and Eagle Pass, Texas.""}",,,bib5240,yes +4390-location-6,4390,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA, Texas""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.6972, -95.7089], [35.4245, -97.0713], [28.6147, -100.4386]]}",,,bib1721,no 4390-speaker_number-1,4390,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"820 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. 6 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 1120.",bib67,no 4390-speakers-1,4390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"820 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. 6 monolinguals. Population total all countries: 1120.",bib67,no 4390-speaker_number-2,4390,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"US: 400 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 820 (2000 census). Mexico: 110 (2000 INALI).",bib70,no 4390-speakers-2,4390,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""820?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (US), 2000 (Mexico)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"US: 400 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 820 (2000 census). Mexico: 110 (2000 INALI).",bib70,no -4390-speaker_number-3,4390,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4390-speakers-3,4390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,344"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4390-speaker_number-3,4390,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4390-speakers-3,4390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,344"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4390-speaker_number-4,4390,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Partly mutually intelligible with Sauk-Fox but has been spoken since the earliest contact in the seventeenth century by a separate political group. -There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, about 700 of them in Mexico, 400 in Oklahoma, and only a few in Kansas.",bib5217,yes +There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, about 700 of them in Mexico, 400 in Oklahoma, and only a few in Kansas.",bib5240,yes 4390-speakers-4,4390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Partly mutually intelligible with Sauk-Fox but has been spoken since the earliest contact in the seventeenth century by a separate political group. -There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, about 700 of them in Mexico, 400 in Oklahoma, and only a few in Kansas.",bib5217,yes +There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, about 700 of them in Mexico, 400 in Oklahoma, and only a few in Kansas.",bib5240,yes 4390-speaker_number-5,4390,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4390-speakers-5,4390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""839"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4390-LEI-1,4390,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -46283,10 +46469,10 @@ There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, abou 4390-LEI-2,4390,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4390-speaker_number_trends-2,4390,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib70,no 4390-vitality-2,4390,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib70,no -4390-LEI-3,4390,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4390-vitality-3,4390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4390-LEI-4,4390,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -4390-vitality-4,4390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +4390-LEI-3,4390,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4390-vitality-3,4390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4390-LEI-4,4390,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +4390-vitality-4,4390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 4390-LEI-5,4390,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4390-vitality-5,4390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4393-context-1,4393,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib70,yes @@ -46300,21 +46486,21 @@ There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, abou 4393-vitality-1,4393,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4393-LEI-2,4393,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most domains. All ages.,bib70,yes 4393-vitality-2,4393,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Most domains. All ages.,bib70,yes -4394-location-1,4394,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.509520054, 142.7848358]]}",,,bib7945,no +4394-location-1,4394,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.509520054, 142.7848358]]}",,,bib7970,no 4394-location-2,4394,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, south southeast of Samap, inland from the coast.""}",,,bib69,no -4394-location-3,4394,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kis village""}",,,bib4545,yes +4394-location-3,4394,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Kis village""}",,,bib4566,yes 4394-speaker_number-1,4394,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4394-speakers-1,4394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4394-speaker_number-2,4394,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(D. Tryon),bib69,no 4394-speakers-2,4394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(D. Tryon),bib69,no -4394-speaker_number-3,4394,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -4394-speakers-3,4394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +4394-speaker_number-3,4394,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +4394-speakers-3,4394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""216"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 4394-LEI-1,4394,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4394-vitality-1,4394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4394-LEI-2,4394,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4394-vitality-2,4394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4394-LEI-3,4394,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4394-vitality-3,4394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +4394-LEI-3,4394,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4394-vitality-3,4394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 4395-location-1,4395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.0, 137.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4395-location-2,4395,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4395-speaker_number-1,4395,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -46325,145 +46511,145 @@ There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, abou 4395-vitality-1,4395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4395-LEI-2,4395,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4395-vitality-2,4395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4396-context-1,4396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,There are numerous borrowings from Persian and Oghuz,bib4244,yes +4396-context-1,4396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,There are numerous borrowings from Persian and Oghuz,bib4264,yes 4396-context-2,4396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iranian Persian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Grammar""}",,,bib70,no -4396-location-1,4396,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Approximately 250 km to the southwest of Tehran""}",,,bib4244,yes +4396-location-1,4396,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Approximately 250 km to the southwest of Tehran""}",,,bib4264,yes 4396-location-2,4396,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Qom Province, northeast of Arak""}",,,bib70,no 4396-location-3,4396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.519161, 49.583239]]}",,,bib75,no -4396-location-4,4396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3751, 50.3063]]}",,,bib5307,no -4396-speaker_number-1,4396,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,There is no concrete data available regarding their present situation.,bib4244,yes -4396-speakers-1,4396,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47 villages"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,There is no concrete data available regarding their present situation.,bib4244,yes +4396-location-4,4396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3751, 50.3063]]}",,,bib5330,no +4396-speaker_number-1,4396,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,There is no concrete data available regarding their present situation.,bib4264,yes +4396-speakers-1,4396,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47 villages"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,There is no concrete data available regarding their present situation.,bib4264,yes 4396-speaker_number-2,4396,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4396-speakers-2,4396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,107"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4396-speaker_number-3,4396,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no 4396-speakers-3,4396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib70,no -4396-LEI-1,4396,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4244,yes -4396-vitality-1,4396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4244,yes +4396-LEI-1,4396,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4264,yes +4396-vitality-1,4396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4264,yes 4396-LEI-2,4396,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4396-vitality-2,4396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4396-LEI-3,4396,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages.,bib70,no 4396-vitality-3,4396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All ages.,bib70,no -4397-location-1,4397,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.0333, 102.6666]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4397-location-1,4397,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.0333, 102.6666]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4397-location-2,4397,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4397-speaker_number-1,4397,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -4397-speakers-1,4397,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,921"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +4397-speaker_number-1,4397,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +4397-speakers-1,4397,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,921"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 4397-speaker_number-2,4397,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4397-speakers-2,4397,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,921"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4397-speaker_number-3,4397,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,920 (1985 F. Proschan)",bib67,no 4397-speakers-3,4397,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,920 (1985 F. Proschan)",bib67,no -4397-LEI-1,4397,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4397-vitality-1,4397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4397-LEI-1,4397,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4397-vitality-1,4397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4397-LEI-2,4397,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4397-vitality-2,4397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4397-LEI-3,4397,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4397-vitality-3,4397,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4399-location-1,4399,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.7, 142.5]]}",,,bib5307,no +4399-location-1,4399,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.7, 142.5]]}",,,bib5330,no 4399-location-2,4399,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -4399-speaker_number-1,4399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4399-speakers-1,4399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4399-speaker_number-1,4399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4399-speakers-1,4399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4399-speaker_number-2,4399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4399-speakers-2,4399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""486"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4399-speaker_number-3,4399,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,490 (2002 SIL),bib67,yes 4399-speakers-3,4399,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,490 (2002 SIL),bib67,yes -4399-LEI-1,4399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4399-vitality-1,4399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4399-LEI-1,4399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4399-vitality-1,4399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4399-LEI-2,4399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4399-vitality-2,4399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4399-LEI-3,4399,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4399-vitality-3,4399,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4401-context-1,4401,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,,bib6944,no -4401-context-2,4401,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,"Most Kiong people today speak another Cross River language, Efik, which has been a major language in the area for several centuries.",bib7615,no +4401-context-1,4401,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,,bib6968,no +4401-context-2,4401,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,"Most Kiong people today speak another Cross River language, Efik, which has been a major language in the area for several centuries.",bib7640,no 4401-location-1,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4401-location-2,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akamkpa and Odukpani local government areas of Cross River State, Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.319509, 8.349252], [5.039989, 8.352642]]}",,,bib5123,yes -4401-location-3,4401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2906, 8.3523]]}",,,bib5307,no -4401-location-4,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""\u0143d\u0254\u0300d\u00f9\u0254\u0300, about 2 miles from Akp\u00e1p"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.1077, 8.208992]]}",,,bib7838,no -4401-location-5,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Cross River State, Calabar and Akampka Division.""}",,,bib6944,no -4401-location-6,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Odukpani and Akamkpa LGAs""}",,,bib980,no -4401-location-7,4401,location,"{""Description"": ""Cross River State, Nigeria""}",,,bib7615,no +4401-location-2,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akamkpa and Odukpani local government areas of Cross River State, Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.319509, 8.349252], [5.039989, 8.352642]]}",,,bib5145,yes +4401-location-3,4401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2906, 8.3523]]}",,,bib5330,no +4401-location-4,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""\u0143d\u0254\u0300d\u00f9\u0254\u0300, about 2 miles from Akp\u00e1p"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.1077, 8.208992]]}",,,bib7863,no +4401-location-5,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Cross River State, Calabar and Akampka Division.""}",,,bib6968,no +4401-location-6,4401,location,"{""Places"": [""Cross River State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Cross River State, Odukpani and Akamkpa LGAs""}",,,bib984,no +4401-location-7,4401,location,"{""Description"": ""Cross River State, Nigeria""}",,,bib7640,no 4401-speaker_number-1,4401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,100 (2004). Ethnic population: 569,bib67,no 4401-speakers-1,4401,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""569"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,100 (2004). Ethnic population: 569,bib67,no -4401-speaker_number-2,4401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5123,yes -4401-speakers-2,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5123,yes -4401-speaker_number-3,4401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4401-speakers-3,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4401-speaker_number-2,4401,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5145,yes +4401-speakers-2,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5145,yes +4401-speaker_number-3,4401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4401-speakers-3,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4401-speaker_number-4,4401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4401-speakers-4,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4401-speakers-5,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,Still spoken by a few elderly people,bib7615,no +4401-speakers-5,4401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,Still spoken by a few elderly people,bib7640,no 4401-LEI-1,4401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4401-vitality-1,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4401-LEI-2,4401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5123,yes -4401-vitality-2,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5123,yes -4401-LEI-4,4401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4401-vitality-4,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4401-LEI-2,4401,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5145,yes +4401-vitality-2,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5145,yes +4401-LEI-4,4401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4401-vitality-4,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4401-LEI-5,4401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4401-vitality-5,4401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4401-LEI-6,4401,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6944,no -4401-transmission-6,4401,transmission,2,transmission-2,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6944,no -4401-vitality-6,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6944,no -4401-LEI-7,4401,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib980,no -4401-transmission-7,4401,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib980,no -4401-vitality-7,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib980,no -4401-LEI-8,4401,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -4401-transmission-8,4401,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,no -4401-vitality-8,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7615,no -4402-context-1,4402,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole, Kunjen""}",,,bib7937,yes +4401-LEI-6,4401,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6968,no +4401-transmission-6,4401,transmission,2,transmission-2,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6968,no +4401-vitality-6,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The younger people today speak Efik,bib6968,no +4401-LEI-7,4401,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib984,no +4401-transmission-7,4401,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib984,no +4401-vitality-7,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Spoken only by old people, younger generation speak Efik",bib984,no +4401-LEI-8,4401,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +4401-transmission-8,4401,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,no +4401-vitality-8,4401,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7640,no +4402-context-1,4402,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole, Kunjen""}",,,bib7962,yes 4402-location-1,4402,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4402-location-2,4402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.46465646, 142.0337612]]}",,,bib1182,no -4402-speaker_number-1,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -4402-speakers-1,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +4402-location-2,4402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.46465646, 142.0337612]]}",,,bib1191,no +4402-speaker_number-1,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +4402-speakers-1,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 4402-speaker_number-2,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,15 (1991 SIL). Ethnic population: 50 (Schmidt 1991),bib67,no 4402-speakers-2,4402,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,15 (1991 SIL). Ethnic population: 50 (Schmidt 1991),bib67,no 4402-speaker_number-3,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4402-speakers-3,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -4402-speaker_number-4,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4402-speakers-4,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4402-speaker_number-4,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4402-speakers-4,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4402-speaker_number-5,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4402-speakers-5,4402,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4402-speaker_number-6,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -4402-speakers-6,4402,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -4402-LEI-1,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4402-vitality-1,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4402-speaker_number-6,4402,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +4402-speakers-6,4402,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +4402-LEI-1,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4402-vitality-1,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4402-LEI-2,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4402-vitality-2,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4402-LEI-3,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4402-vitality-3,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4402-LEI-4,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4402-vitality-4,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4402-LEI-4,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4402-vitality-4,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4402-LEI-5,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4402-vitality-5,4402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4402-LEI-6,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -4402-speaker_number_trends-6,4402,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7937,yes -4402-vitality-6,4402,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7937,yes -4403-context-1,4403,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib2912,yes +4402-LEI-6,4402,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +4402-speaker_number_trends-6,4402,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib7962,yes +4402-vitality-6,4402,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7962,yes +4403-context-1,4403,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib2926,yes 4403-location-1,4403,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4403-location-2,4403,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.85302243, 147.9291115], [-29.91686548, 149.6172319]]}",,,bib1182,no -4403-speaker_number-1,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4403-speakers-1,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4403-location-2,4403,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.85302243, 147.9291115], [-29.91686548, 149.6172319]]}",,,bib1191,no +4403-speaker_number-1,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4403-speakers-1,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4403-speaker_number-2,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 4403-speakers-2,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 (Coonabarabran Public School)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no 4403-speaker_number-3,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4403-speakers-3,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -4403-speaker_number-4,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4403-speakers-4,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4403-speaker_number-4,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4403-speakers-4,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4403-speaker_number-5,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4403-speakers-5,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4403-speaker_number-6,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.",bib2912,yes -4403-speakers-6,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.",bib2912,yes -4403-LEI-1,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4403-vitality-1,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4403-speaker_number-6,4403,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.",bib2926,yes +4403-speakers-6,4403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.",bib2926,yes +4403-LEI-1,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4403-vitality-1,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4403-LEI-2,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4403-vitality-2,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4403-LEI-3,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4403-vitality-3,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4403-LEI-4,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4403-vitality-4,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4403-LEI-4,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4403-vitality-4,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4403-LEI-5,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4403-vitality-5,4403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4403-LEI-6,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2912,yes -4403-transmission-6,4403,transmission,5,transmission-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2912,yes -4403-domains_of_use-6,4403,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2912,yes -4403-speaker_number_trends-6,4403,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2912,yes -4403-vitality-6,4403,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2912,yes +4403-LEI-6,4403,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2926,yes +4403-transmission-6,4403,transmission,5,transmission-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2926,yes +4403-domains_of_use-6,4403,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2926,yes +4403-speaker_number_trends-6,4403,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2926,yes +4403-vitality-6,4403,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.",bib2926,yes 4404-location-1,4404,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.99, 147.14]]}",,,bib75,no 4404-location-2,4404,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, lower Timbe River valley. 2 villages""}",,,bib67,yes 4404-speaker_number-1,4404,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -46484,69 +46670,69 @@ There are estimated to be around 1,100 first-language speakers of Kickapoo, abou 4406-LEI-2,4406,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4406-vitality-2,4406,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4408-context-1,4408,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,Most speakers of Khaling use Nepali as well .Older women are less bilingual and many have only minimal comprehension of Nepali.,bib67,no -4408-context-2,4408,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nearly all the Khaling speakers are bilingual in Nepali.,bib3134,yes -4408-location-1,4408,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5781, 86.7163]]}",,,bib5307,no +4408-context-2,4408,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nearly all the Khaling speakers are bilingual in Nepali.,bib3149,yes +4408-location-1,4408,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5781, 86.7163]]}",,,bib5330,no 4408-location-2,4408,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Sagarmatha zone, Solu Khumbu, Khotang districts; Koshi zone, Bhojpur, Sankhuwasawa, Terhathum districts; Mechi zone, Panchtar and Ilam districts. Also in India: Darjeeling and Sikkim area, scattered.""}",,,bib67,no -4408-location-3,4408,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu, Eastern Nepal""}",,,bib3134,yes +4408-location-3,4408,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu, Eastern Nepal""}",,,bib3149,yes 4408-location-4,4408,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5, 86.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4408-speaker_number-1,4408,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4408-speakers-1,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4408-speaker_number-1,4408,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4408-speakers-1,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,288"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4408-speaker_number-2,4408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4408-speakers-2,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 UNESCO"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4408-speaker_number-3,4408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3134,yes -4408-speakers-3,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3134,yes +4408-speaker_number-3,4408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3149,yes +4408-speakers-3,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3149,yes 4408-speaker_number-4,4408,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4408-speakers-4,4408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,288"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4408-LEI-1,4408,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4408-vitality-1,4408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4408-LEI-1,4408,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4408-vitality-1,4408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4408-LEI-2,4408,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Vigorous. Home, religion.",bib67,no 4408-domains_of_use-2,4408,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Vigorous. Home, religion.",bib67,no 4408-vitality-2,4408,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Vigorous. Home, religion.",bib67,no -4408-LEI-3,4408,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3134,yes -4408-transmission-3,4408,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3134,yes -4408-speaker_number_trends-3,4408,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3134,yes -4408-vitality-3,4408,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3134,yes +4408-LEI-3,4408,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3149,yes +4408-transmission-3,4408,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3149,yes +4408-speaker_number_trends-3,4408,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3149,yes +4408-vitality-3,4408,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""[T]he language is still being acquired by children, even by some non-Khaling children (Sherpa, Tamang, or Kami) living in the Khaling-speaking area."" (p.1096)",bib3149,yes 4408-LEI-4,4408,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4408-vitality-4,4408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4409-context-2,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar; Kativiri""}",,,bib740,no -4409-context-3,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian; Urdu; Khowar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Since Urdu became the national language of Pakistan in 1947 and increasingly functions as the country’s lingua franca, it has replaced Persian as a compulsory language in the curriculum. From the 1980s the presence of Persian in the educational system became negligible. Despite this, a significant influx of additional Perso-Arabic words has entered the lexicons of all the languages of Pakistan through Urdu.",bib741,no -4409-context-4,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar, Kati, Pashto, Urdu, English, Punjabi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Community members actively preserve and teach Kalasha, using it in conversation, ceremonies, and festivals. Recent linguistic documentations projects are collecting and analyzing stories, narratives, and other spontaneous speech data. Males members are multilingual; middle-aged or older female members are monolingual, while young female can also speak Khowar and Urdu.""}",,,bib5163,yes -4409-location-1,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -4409-location-2,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral""}",,,bib740,no +4409-context-2,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar; Kativiri""}",,,bib744,no +4409-context-3,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian; Urdu; Khowar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"Since Urdu became the national language of Pakistan in 1947 and increasingly functions as the country’s lingua franca, it has replaced Persian as a compulsory language in the curriculum. From the 1980s the presence of Persian in the educational system became negligible. Despite this, a significant influx of additional Perso-Arabic words has entered the lexicons of all the languages of Pakistan through Urdu.",bib745,no +4409-context-4,4409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar, Kati, Pashto, Urdu, English, Punjabi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Community members actively preserve and teach Kalasha, using it in conversation, ceremonies, and festivals. Recent linguistic documentations projects are collecting and analyzing stories, narratives, and other spontaneous speech data. Males members are multilingual; middle-aged or older female members are monolingual, while young female can also speak Khowar and Urdu.""}",,,bib5185,yes +4409-location-1,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +4409-location-2,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral""}",,,bib744,no 4409-location-3,4409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0, 72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4409-location-4,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4409-location-5,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kalash Valleys (Chitral) southern""}",,,bib6094,no +4409-location-5,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Kalash Valleys (Chitral) southern""}",,,bib6118,no 4409-location-6,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.64525, 71.705167], [35.492167, 71.701483]]}",,"Northern variety (Birir, Rumbur, Bumburet): N35 38.715 E71 42.310. -Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no -4409-location-7,4409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.6684, 71.7201]]}",,,bib5307,no +Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2130,no +4409-location-7,4409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.6684, 71.7201]]}",,,bib5330,no 4409-location-8,4409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.646853, 71.663297]]}",,,bib75,no -4409-location-9,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Bumburet Valley, Chitral, Northern Pakistan""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.701005, 71.694859]]}",,,bib5163,yes -4409-speaker_number-1,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,no -4409-speakers-1,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,no +4409-location-9,4409,location,"{""Places"": [""Bumburet Valley, Chitral, Northern Pakistan""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.701005, 71.694859]]}",,,bib5185,yes +4409-speaker_number-1,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,no +4409-speakers-1,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,no 4409-speaker_number-2,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4409-speakers-2,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4409-speaker_number-3,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -4409-speakers-3,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,900-5,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -4409-speaker_number-4,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4409-speakers-4,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4409-speaker_number-5,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5163,yes -4409-speakers-5,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5163,yes +4409-speaker_number-3,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +4409-speakers-3,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,900-5,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +4409-speaker_number-4,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4409-speakers-4,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4409-speaker_number-5,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5185,yes +4409-speakers-5,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5185,yes 4409-speaker_number-6,4409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4409-speakers-6,4409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,029"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4409-LEI-1,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4409-vitality-1,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4409-LEI-1,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4409-vitality-1,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4409-LEI-2,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4409-vitality-2,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4409-LEI-3,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Kalasha community, which follows an ancient religion and lives in valleys in Chitral, is in danger of losing its languages. Some young people are reported to have left the language when they converted to Islam (Decker in SSNP Vol. 5, 1992: 112).",bib6094,no -4409-vitality-3,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The Kalasha community, which follows an ancient religion and lives in valleys in Chitral, is in danger of losing its languages. Some young people are reported to have left the language when they converted to Islam (Decker in SSNP Vol. 5, 1992: 112).",bib6094,no -4409-LEI-4,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4409-vitality-4,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4409-LEI-5,4409,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5163,yes -4409-transmission-5,4409,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5163,yes -4409-domains_of_use-5,4409,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5163,yes -4409-speaker_number_trends-5,4409,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5163,yes -4409-vitality-5,4409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5163,yes +4409-LEI-3,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Kalasha community, which follows an ancient religion and lives in valleys in Chitral, is in danger of losing its languages. Some young people are reported to have left the language when they converted to Islam (Decker in SSNP Vol. 5, 1992: 112).",bib6118,no +4409-vitality-3,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The Kalasha community, which follows an ancient religion and lives in valleys in Chitral, is in danger of losing its languages. Some young people are reported to have left the language when they converted to Islam (Decker in SSNP Vol. 5, 1992: 112).",bib6118,no +4409-LEI-4,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4409-vitality-4,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4409-LEI-5,4409,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5185,yes +4409-transmission-5,4409,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5185,yes +4409-domains_of_use-5,4409,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5185,yes +4409-speaker_number_trends-5,4409,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5185,yes +4409-vitality-5,4409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The younger generation learns Kalasha from family or at school. Community language shift is moving toward other languages of the area, especially Khowar and Pashto, due to religious conversion and migration.",bib5185,yes 4409-LEI-6,4409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4409-vitality-6,4409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4414-location-1,4414,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Niger state, Lapai LGA, Ebo town, and 11 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.044462, 6.570498]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -46559,49 +46745,49 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4414-LEI-2,4414,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4414-vitality-2,4414,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4415-context-1,4415,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib67,yes -4415-location-1,4415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7853, 85.4736]]}",,,bib5307,no +4415-location-1,4415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.7853, 85.4736]]}",,,bib5330,no 4415-location-2,4415,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 87.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4415-location-3,4415,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jharkhand, central part of former Santhal Pargana District, Sundar Pahari block of Godda District, Pakaur District except block most south. Reported in West Bengal, Bankura, Barddhaman, Murshidabad districts; Orissa, Mayurbhanj.""}",,,bib67,yes -4415-speaker_number-1,4415,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4415-speakers-1,4415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""224,926"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4415-speaker_number-1,4415,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4415-speakers-1,4415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""224,926"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4415-speaker_number-2,4415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4415-speakers-2,4415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,179"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4415-speaker_number-3,4415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4415-speakers-3,4415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4415-LEI-1,4415,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4415-vitality-1,4415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4415-LEI-1,4415,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4415-vitality-1,4415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4415-LEI-2,4415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4415-vitality-2,4415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4415-LEI-3,4415,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4415-domains_of_use-3,4415,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib67,yes 4415-vitality-3,4415,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -4416-context-1,4416,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei; Kuki Chin; English; Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4279,yes +4416-context-1,4416,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei; Kuki Chin; English; Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib4299,yes 4416-context-2,4416,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei""}",,Most speakers are also fluent in Meitei,bib67,no -4416-location-1,4416,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0414, 93.6639]]}",,,bib5307,no -4416-location-2,4416,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Koms are found in the Northeastern states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam and Tripura. The majority of the populations reside in Manipur. They are found in all the districts of Manipur and concentrated mainly in the districts of Churachandpur, Bishenpur and Senapati.""}",,,bib4279,yes +4416-location-1,4416,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0414, 93.6639]]}",,,bib5330,no +4416-location-2,4416,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Koms are found in the Northeastern states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam and Tripura. The majority of the populations reside in Manipur. They are found in all the districts of Manipur and concentrated mainly in the districts of Churachandpur, Bishenpur and Senapati.""}",,,bib4299,yes 4416-location-3,4416,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Kom speakers (14,558) live in Manipur.""}",,,bib50,no 4416-location-4,4416,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""East and central Manipur, Churachandpur, Tamenglong, and Senapati districts, 22 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -4416-speaker_number-1,4416,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4416-speakers-1,4416,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4416-speaker_number-2,4416,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The survey report of the Komrem Students Union in Manipur places the total population of Kom at 21,858 individuals.",bib4279,yes -4416-speakers-2,4416,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,467"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,467"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The survey report of the Komrem Students Union in Manipur places the total population of Kom at 21,858 individuals.",bib4279,yes +4416-speaker_number-1,4416,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4416-speakers-1,4416,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4416-speaker_number-2,4416,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The survey report of the Komrem Students Union in Manipur places the total population of Kom at 21,858 individuals.",bib4299,yes +4416-speakers-2,4416,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,467"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,467"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The survey report of the Komrem Students Union in Manipur places the total population of Kom at 21,858 individuals.",bib4299,yes 4416-speaker_number-3,4416,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 4416-speakers-3,4416,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,673"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 4416-speaker_number-4,4416,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4416-speakers-4,4416,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4416-speaker_number-5,4416,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4416-speakers-5,4416,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4416-LEI-1,4416,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4416-vitality-1,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4416-LEI-2,4416,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4279,yes -4416-vitality-2,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4279,yes +4416-LEI-1,4416,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4416-vitality-1,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4416-LEI-2,4416,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4299,yes +4416-vitality-2,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4299,yes 4416-LEI-3,4416,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 4416-vitality-3,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 4416-LEI-4,4416,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4416-vitality-4,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4416-LEI-5,4416,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4416-vitality-5,4416,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4423-location-1,4423,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.169494, 152.889711]]}",,,bib7945,no +4423-location-1,4423,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.169494, 152.889711]]}",,,bib7970,no 4423-location-2,4423,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4423-speaker_number-1,4423,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4423-speakers-1,4423,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46620,68 +46806,68 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4427-vitality-1,4427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4427-LEI-2,4427,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4427-vitality-2,4427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4428-location-1,4428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.322, 162.9904]]}",,,bib5307,no +4428-location-1,4428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.322, 162.9904]]}",,,bib5330,no 4428-location-2,4428,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3, 163.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4428-location-3,4428,location,"{""Places"": [""Nauru"", ""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4428-speaker_number-1,4428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4428-speakers-1,4428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4428-speaker_number-1,4428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4428-speakers-1,4428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4428-speaker_number-2,4428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4428-speakers-2,4428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4428-speaker_number-3,4428,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 in Micronesia (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Population total all countries: 8,570.",bib67,yes 4428-speakers-3,4428,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 in Micronesia (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Population total all countries: 8,570.",bib67,yes -4428-LEI-1,4428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4428-vitality-1,4428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4428-LEI-1,4428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4428-vitality-1,4428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4428-LEI-2,4428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4428-vitality-2,4428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4428-LEI-3,4428,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4428-vitality-3,4428,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4429-context-1,4429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6944,yes -4429-location-1,4429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0166, 8.8879]]}",,,bib5307,no -4429-location-2,4429,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ningi, Nigeria""}",,,bib6944,yes -4429-location-3,4429,location,"{""Places"": [""Jos Plateau, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7615,no +4429-context-1,4429,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6968,yes +4429-location-1,4429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0166, 8.8879]]}",,,bib5330,no +4429-location-2,4429,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ningi, Nigeria""}",,,bib6968,yes +4429-location-3,4429,location,"{""Places"": [""Jos Plateau, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7640,no 4429-location-4,4429,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4429-speaker_number-1,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4429-speakers-1,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4429-speaker_number-2,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,a few speakers were found living in Ningi,bib6944,yes -4429-speakers-2,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,a few speakers were found living in Ningi,bib6944,yes -4429-speakers-3,4429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000-4,000""}",,,bib7615,no +4429-speaker_number-1,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4429-speakers-1,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4429-speaker_number-2,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,a few speakers were found living in Ningi,bib6968,yes +4429-speakers-2,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,a few speakers were found living in Ningi,bib6968,yes +4429-speakers-3,4429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000-4,000""}",,,bib7640,no 4429-speaker_number-4,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4429-speakers-4,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4429-speaker_number-5,4429,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Bross (1990).,bib67,no 4429-speakers-5,4429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Bross (1990).,bib67,no -4429-LEI-1,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4429-vitality-1,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4429-LEI-2,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,yes -4429-vitality-2,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,yes +4429-LEI-1,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4429-vitality-1,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4429-LEI-2,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,yes +4429-vitality-2,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,yes 4429-LEI-3,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4429-vitality-3,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4429-LEI-4,4429,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4429-vitality-4,4429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4432-location-1,4432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0828, 154.8081]]}",,,bib5307,no +4432-location-1,4432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0828, 154.8081]]}",,,bib5330,no 4432-location-2,4432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.05, 154.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4432-location-3,4432,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4432-speaker_number-1,4432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4432-speakers-1,4432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4432-speaker_number-1,4432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4432-speakers-1,4432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4432-speaker_number-2,4432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4432-speakers-2,4432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4432-speaker_number-3,4432,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (1995 SIL). 1,500 on Kapingamarangi and 1,500 in Porakiet village on Ponape.",bib67,yes 4432-speakers-3,4432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (1995 SIL). 1,500 on Kapingamarangi and 1,500 in Porakiet village on Ponape.",bib67,yes -4432-LEI-1,4432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4432-vitality-1,4432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4432-LEI-1,4432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4432-vitality-1,4432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4432-LEI-2,4432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4432-vitality-2,4432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4432-LEI-3,4432,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4432-vitality-3,4432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4438-context-1,4438,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""increasing positive (not reflecting on their choice of language)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,The Kumhali is shifting to Nepali.,bib68,yes -4438-context-2,4438,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,heavily influenced by Nepali. Kumhali is used only at home and with community members who speak and understand the language.,bib2867,no +4438-context-2,4438,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,heavily influenced by Nepali. Kumhali is used only at home and with community members who speak and understand the language.,bib2881,no 4438-location-1,4438,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Lumbini Zone, Nawalparasi district, south of Darai [dry] language area; Arghakhanchi and Palpa districts; Gandaki Zone, Gorkha and Tanahun districts; Rapti Zone, Dang district.""}",,,bib68,yes -4438-location-2,4438,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.788, 84.548]]}",,,bib5307,no -4438-location-3,4438,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib2867,no +4438-location-2,4438,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.788, 84.548]]}",,,bib5330,no +4438-location-3,4438,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib2881,no 4438-speaker_number-1,4438,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,yes 4438-speakers-1,4438,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""99,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,yes -4438-speaker_number-2,4438,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4438-speakers-2,4438,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4438-speakers-3,4438,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib2867,no +4438-speaker_number-2,4438,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4438-speakers-2,4438,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4438-speakers-3,4438,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib2881,no 4438-speaker_number-4,4438,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4438-speakers-4,4438,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,533"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4438-LEI-1,4438,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all.,bib68,yes @@ -46689,12 +46875,12 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4438-domains_of_use-1,4438,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all.,bib68,yes 4438-speaker_number_trends-1,4438,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all.,bib68,yes 4438-vitality-1,4438,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all.,bib68,yes -4438-LEI-2,4438,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4438-vitality-2,4438,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4438-LEI-3,4438,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2867,no -4438-transmission-3,4438,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2867,no -4438-domains_of_use-3,4438,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2867,no -4438-vitality-3,4438,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2867,no +4438-LEI-2,4438,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4438-vitality-2,4438,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4438-LEI-3,4438,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2881,no +4438-transmission-3,4438,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2881,no +4438-domains_of_use-3,4438,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2881,no +4438-vitality-3,4438,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2881,no 4438-LEI-4,4438,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4438-vitality-4,4438,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4439-location-1,4439,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.57, 106.76]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -46707,7 +46893,7 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4439-vitality-1,4439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4439-LEI-2,4439,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4439-vitality-2,4439,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4440-location-1,4440,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.0175, 107.0136]]}",,,bib5307,no +4440-location-1,4440,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.0175, 107.0136]]}",,,bib5330,no 4440-location-2,4440,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4440-speaker_number-1,4440,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4440-speakers-1,4440,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46719,7 +46905,7 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4440-vitality-2,4440,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4441-context-1,4441,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indoneisan""}",,"Generally speaking, bilingualism is becoming more and more prevalent in the villages that were visited. The villagers use their mother tongue in all familiar domains (home, family, and friends), while they use Indonesian in official domains (school, church, and government, and public offices).",bib75,no 4441-location-1,4441,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.4, 140.97]]}",,,bib75,no -4441-location-2,4441,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sota Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.424, 141.005]]}",,,bib4352,no +4441-location-2,4441,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sota Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.424, 141.005]]}",,,bib4373,no 4441-location-3,4441,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4441-speaker_number-1,4441,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4441-speakers-1,4441,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46731,49 +46917,49 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4441-LEI-3,4441,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4441-vitality-3,4441,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4444-location-1,4444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central Oklahoma""}",,,bib69,no -4444-location-2,4444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Kaw Nation, headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma.""}",,"Kaw Nation, headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma.",bib5217,no -4444-location-3,4444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.7657, -96.8652]]}",,,bib5307,no +4444-location-2,4444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Kaw Nation, headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma.""}",,"Kaw Nation, headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma.",bib5240,no +4444-location-3,4444,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.7657, -96.8652]]}",,,bib5330,no 4444-speaker_number-1,4444,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4444-speakers-1,4444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4444-speakers-2,4444,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,No fluent speakers since the early 1980s; 12 people claim to know Kansa (Golla 2007).,bib69,no 4444-speakers-3,4444,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Kaw Nation has maintained a department for the preservation and education of the tribal language since the late 1990s. Beginning in the Summer of 2001, the Kanza Language Project was formed as the result of an Language Implementation grant from the Administration for Native Americans. Between 2001 and 2005 the Project focused on teaching Kanza to local elementary school children, but also ventured into adult education and document publication. Since 2005, we have focused on the documentation of available Kanza language and cultural resources, expansion of educational opportunities at the tribal level, and the development and distribution of multimedia materials.",bib200,yes -4444-speakers-4,4444,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""12?""}",,"The Kaw Nation was reconstituted in 1959 with a headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma, and now has a membership of about 1,700. There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5217,no +4444-speakers-4,4444,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""12?""}",,"The Kaw Nation was reconstituted in 1959 with a headquarters at Kaw City, Oklahoma, and now has a membership of about 1,700. There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5240,no 4444-LEI-1,4444,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4444-vitality-1,4444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4444-LEI-2,4444,LEI,Awakening (),,Language revitalization program started (Golla 2007).,bib69,no 4444-vitality-2,4444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Language revitalization program started (Golla 2007).,bib69,no 4444-LEI-3,4444,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib200,yes 4444-vitality-3,4444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib200,yes -4444-LEI-4,4444,LEI,Dormant (),,"There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5217,no -4444-vitality-4,4444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5217,no -4445-location-1,4445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.40268488, 133.4980182]]}",,,bib1182,no +4444-LEI-4,4444,LEI,Dormant (),,"There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5240,no +4444-vitality-4,4444,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"There have been no fluent speakers of the language since the early 1980s, but about a dozen people claim some knowledge of it.",bib5240,no +4445-location-1,4445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.40268488, 133.4980182]]}",,,bib1191,no 4445-location-2,4445,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4445-speaker_number-1,4445,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4445-speakers-1,4445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4445-speaker_number-2,4445,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4445-speakers-2,4445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4445-speaker_number-2,4445,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4445-speakers-2,4445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4445-speaker_number-3,4445,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4445-speakers-3,4445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 4445-speaker_number-4,4445,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 4445-speakers-4,4445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 4445-LEI-1,4445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4445-vitality-1,4445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4445-LEI-2,4445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4445-vitality-2,4445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4445-LEI-2,4445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4445-vitality-2,4445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4445-LEI-3,4445,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4445-vitality-3,4445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4445-LEI-4,4445,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4445-vitality-4,4445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4446-location-1,4446,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.6384, 84.6079]]}",,,bib5307,no +4446-location-1,4446,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.6384, 84.6079]]}",,,bib5330,no 4446-location-2,4446,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,yes -4446-speaker_number-1,4446,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4446-speakers-1,4446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,776"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4446-speaker_number-1,4446,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4446-speakers-1,4446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,776"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4446-speaker_number-2,4446,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4446-speakers-2,4446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,776"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4446-speaker_number-3,4446,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,yes 4446-speakers-3,4446,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,yes -4446-LEI-1,4446,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4446-vitality-1,4446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4446-LEI-1,4446,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4446-vitality-1,4446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4446-LEI-2,4446,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4446-vitality-2,4446,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4446-LEI-3,4446,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -46787,47 +46973,47 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4448-vitality-1,4448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4448-LEI-2,4448,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4448-vitality-2,4448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4449-context-1,4449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bandari, Farsi, Qashq\u0101\u2019i, Lori""}",,"Bandari and (to a smaller extent) Farsi are invariably used as languages of wider communication when Koroshi speakers come in contact with speakers of these varieties. In contrast, Koroshi speakers here use their own language when communicating with members of Baloch communities.",bib505,yes -4449-context-2,4449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,"as the Korosh no longer live in their traditional tribal context and because of the predominance of Persian education and media, Koroshi should be regarded as an endangered language.",bib1130,no -4449-location-1,4449,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Three areas with significant concentrations of Korosh are Bandar Abbas, around Shiraz, and across the southern portion of Fars Province. Of these three areas, the one with the largest number of Korosh is that of Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.190693, 56.300726], [29.601117, 52.542973]]}",,,bib505,yes +4449-context-1,4449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bandari, Farsi, Qashq\u0101\u2019i, Lori""}",,"Bandari and (to a smaller extent) Farsi are invariably used as languages of wider communication when Koroshi speakers come in contact with speakers of these varieties. In contrast, Koroshi speakers here use their own language when communicating with members of Baloch communities.",bib508,yes +4449-context-2,4449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,"as the Korosh no longer live in their traditional tribal context and because of the predominance of Persian education and media, Koroshi should be regarded as an endangered language.",bib1139,no +4449-location-1,4449,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Three areas with significant concentrations of Korosh are Bandar Abbas, around Shiraz, and across the southern portion of Fars Province. Of these three areas, the one with the largest number of Korosh is that of Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.190693, 56.300726], [29.601117, 52.542973]]}",,,bib508,yes 4449-location-2,4449,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,no -4449-location-3,4449,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""predominantly settled in the outskirts of various villages and towns of F\u0101rs and adjoining provinces, mostly among other Qashqa\u2019i settlers.""}",,,bib1130,no -4449-location-4,4449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.8978, 52.6574]]}",,,bib5307,no +4449-location-3,4449,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""predominantly settled in the outskirts of various villages and towns of F\u0101rs and adjoining provinces, mostly among other Qashqa\u2019i settlers.""}",,,bib1139,no +4449-location-4,4449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.8978, 52.6574]]}",,,bib5330,no 4449-location-5,4449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.451883, 53.007572]]}",,,bib75,no -4449-speakers-1,4449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000""}",,"In total, the group probably numbers well over 10,000 people, but because they are typically distributed in small groups, and are located in many communities, it is difficult to give a precise figure.",bib505,yes +4449-speakers-1,4449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000""}",,"In total, the group probably numbers well over 10,000 people, but because they are typically distributed in small groups, and are located in many communities, it is difficult to give a precise figure.",bib508,yes 4449-speaker_number-2,4449,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,180 (Mohamedi). 40 to 50 families,bib67,no 4449-speakers-2,4449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,180 (Mohamedi). 40 to 50 families,bib67,no -4449-speaker_number-4,4449,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4449-speakers-4,4449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4449-speaker_number-4,4449,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4449-speakers-4,4449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4449-speaker_number-5,4449,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4449-speakers-5,4449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4449-LEI-1,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib505,yes -4449-domains_of_use-1,4449,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib505,yes -4449-vitality-1,4449,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib505,yes +4449-LEI-1,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib508,yes +4449-domains_of_use-1,4449,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib508,yes +4449-vitality-1,4449,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Use of the Koroshi language varies greatly among the regions where it is spoken. In the south, where Korosh represent most of the population in their communities, the language is in vigorous use by all members of the community... At the north-west end of the Koroshi language area, multilingualism is the norm: in addition to Koroshi, the Korosh here speak Qashqā’i, Persian and, in the communities near Kāzerun and Gachsārān, Lori as well. Because they are a minority in this segment of the language area, Koroshi tends to be limited to home domains; and among children, Qashqā’i and Persian are replacing Koroshi as the primary language of communication.",bib508,yes 4449-LEI-2,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4449-vitality-2,4449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4449-LEI-3,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4449-vitality-3,4449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4449-LEI-3,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4449-vitality-3,4449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4449-LEI-4,4449,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4449-vitality-4,4449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4450-context-1,4450,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains, and other languages when socializing with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Yi/Loloish; Hani dialects"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""a great deal""}",,,bib8319,yes +4450-context-1,4450,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains, and other languages when socializing with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Yi/Loloish; Hani dialects"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""a great deal""}",,,bib8344,yes 4450-context-2,4450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Kaduo is used in home and villages by all ages of speaker.,bib67,no -4450-location-1,4450,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.245192, 101.792836]]}",,,bib7945,no -4450-location-2,4450,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""The Kaduo people dwell primarily in Yunnan \u96f2\u5357Province (China), specifically Miaojiang (\u58a8\u6c5f\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Jiangcheng (\u6c5f\u57ce\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Zhenyuan (\u93ae\u6c85\u5f5d\u65cf\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) of Pu'er \u666e\u6d31 city, and Xinping (\u65b0\u5e73\u5f5d\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) of Yuxi \u7389\u6eaa city ."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.43, 101.692], [22.585, 101.862], [23.957, 101.108], [24.024, 101.988]]}",,,bib8319,yes +4450-location-1,4450,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.245192, 101.792836]]}",,,bib7970,no +4450-location-2,4450,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""The Kaduo people dwell primarily in Yunnan \u96f2\u5357Province (China), specifically Miaojiang (\u58a8\u6c5f\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Jiangcheng (\u6c5f\u57ce\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u5f5d\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23), Zhenyuan (\u93ae\u6c85\u5f5d\u65cf\u54c8\u5c3c\u65cf\u62c9\u795c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) of Pu'er \u666e\u6d31 city, and Xinping (\u65b0\u5e73\u5f5d\u65cf\u50a3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23) of Yuxi \u7389\u6eaa city ."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.43, 101.692], [22.585, 101.862], [23.957, 101.108], [24.024, 101.988]]}",,,bib8344,yes 4450-location-3,4450,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan \u96f2\u5357 Province, primarily southeast Simao \u601d\u8305 Prefecture, Pu'er \u666e\u6d31, Mojiang \u58a8\u6c5f and Jiangcheng \u6c5f\u57ce counties. Also in Laos.""}",,,bib67,no 4450-speaker_number-1,4450,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4450-speakers-1,4450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,292"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4450-speaker_number-2,4450,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Kaduo people are classified under the Hani 哈尼 nationality in China with a total population of 1,439,600 Hani people (2000).",bib8319,yes -4450-speakers-2,4450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Kaduo people are classified under the Hani 哈尼 nationality in China with a total population of 1,439,600 Hani people (2000).",bib8319,yes +4450-speaker_number-2,4450,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Kaduo people are classified under the Hani 哈尼 nationality in China with a total population of 1,439,600 Hani people (2000).",bib8344,yes +4450-speakers-2,4450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Kaduo people are classified under the Hani 哈尼 nationality in China with a total population of 1,439,600 Hani people (2000).",bib8344,yes 4450-speaker_number-3,4450,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"180,000 in China (Bradley 2007),",bib67,no 4450-speakers-3,4450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""185,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"180,000 in China (Bradley 2007),",bib67,no 4450-LEI-1,4450,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4450-vitality-1,4450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4450-LEI-2,4450,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8319,yes -4450-transmission-2,4450,transmission,0,transmission-0,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8319,yes -4450-domains_of_use-2,4450,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8319,yes -4450-speaker_number_trends-2,4450,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8319,yes -4450-vitality-2,4450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8319,yes +4450-LEI-2,4450,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8344,yes +4450-transmission-2,4450,transmission,0,transmission-0,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8344,yes +4450-domains_of_use-2,4450,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8344,yes +4450-speaker_number_trends-2,4450,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8344,yes +4450-vitality-2,4450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Outsiders who were married into Kaduo villages also learn to speak Kaduo.,bib8344,yes 4450-LEI-3,4450,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4450-vitality-3,4450,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4451-location-1,4451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.35, 140.6]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -46869,21 +47055,21 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4461-vitality-1,4461,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4461-LEI-2,4461,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4461-vitality-2,4461,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -4462-location-1,4462,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2003, 36.0681]]}",,,bib5307,no +4462-location-1,4462,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.2003, 36.0681]]}",,,bib5330,no 4462-location-2,4462,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4462-speaker_number-1,4462,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4462-speakers-1,4462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4462-speaker_number-1,4462,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4462-speakers-1,4462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4462-speaker_number-2,4462,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4462-speakers-2,4462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4462-speaker_number-3,4462,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4462-speakers-3,4462,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4462-LEI-1,4462,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4462-vitality-1,4462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4462-LEI-1,4462,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4462-vitality-1,4462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4462-LEI-2,4462,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4462-vitality-2,4462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4462-LEI-3,4462,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4462-vitality-3,4462,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4463-location-1,4463,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.366803, 116.201303]]}",,,bib7945,no +4463-location-1,4463,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.366803, 116.201303]]}",,,bib7970,no 4463-location-2,4463,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4463-speaker_number-1,4463,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4463-speakers-1,4463,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46893,31 +47079,31 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4463-vitality-1,4463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4463-LEI-2,4463,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,yes 4463-vitality-2,4463,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,yes -4464-context-1,4464,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maithili; Hindi; Nepali""}",,,bib6534,yes -4464-location-1,4464,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Nepal""}",,,bib6534,yes -4464-location-2,4464,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9275, 84.2866]]}",,,bib5307,no +4464-context-1,4464,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maithili; Hindi; Nepali""}",,,bib6558,yes +4464-location-1,4464,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""southeastern Nepal""}",,,bib6558,yes +4464-location-2,4464,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.9275, 84.2866]]}",,,bib5330,no 4464-location-3,4464,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""East Terai, Janakpur zone, Dhanusa District, Nausaya Bigha area; India border area, Sarlahi to Jhapa districts.""}",,,bib67,no 4464-speaker_number-1,4464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,no 4464-speakers-1,4464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37424"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,no 4464-speaker_number-2,4464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4464-speakers-2,4464,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,615"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4464-speaker_number-3,4464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6534,yes -4464-speakers-3,4464,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41764"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,615"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6534,yes +4464-speaker_number-3,4464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6558,yes +4464-speakers-3,4464,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41764"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,615"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6558,yes 4464-speaker_number-4,4464,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"28,600 (2001 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 41,764 Dhagar (Jhagar).",bib67,no 4464-speakers-4,4464,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""41,764"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"28,600 (2001 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 41,764 Dhagar (Jhagar).",bib67,no 4464-LEI-1,4464,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 4464-vitality-1,4464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no 4464-LEI-2,4464,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4464-vitality-2,4464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4464-LEI-3,4464,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6534,yes -4464-transmission-3,4464,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6534,yes -4464-domains_of_use-3,4464,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6534,yes -4464-vitality-3,4464,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6534,yes +4464-LEI-3,4464,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6558,yes +4464-transmission-3,4464,transmission,1,transmission-1,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6558,yes +4464-domains_of_use-3,4464,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6558,yes +4464-vitality-3,4464,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The language is spoken by 69% of the Dhangars.,bib6558,yes 4464-LEI-4,4464,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,decreasing,bib67,no 4464-vitality-4,4464,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,decreasing,bib67,no -4465-context-1,4465,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, meetings, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"In the Kanum speaking areas, the villagers speak Kanum with their parents, spouses, siblings, friends, in the fields, and during traditional ceremonies. The domains in which they speak Indonesian are in the village’s representative meetings, in church, during prayer, at the clinic, or for public announcements.",bib4352,no +4465-context-1,4465,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""market, school, meetings, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"In the Kanum speaking areas, the villagers speak Kanum with their parents, spouses, siblings, friends, in the fields, and during traditional ceremonies. The domains in which they speak Indonesian are in the village’s representative meetings, in church, during prayer, at the clinic, or for public announcements.",bib4373,no 4465-location-1,4465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.92, 140.9]]}",,,bib75,no -4465-location-2,4465,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yanggandur Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.535, 140.868]]}",,,bib4352,no +4465-location-2,4465,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yanggandur Village, Merauke Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.535, 140.868]]}",,,bib4373,no 4465-location-3,4465,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4465-speaker_number-1,4465,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4465-speakers-1,4465,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46929,21 +47115,21 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4465-vitality-3,4465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4468-location-1,4468,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.75, 82.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4468-location-2,4468,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Orissa, Koraput, Kalahandi, Ganjam, and Phulbani districts; Andhra Pradesh, Vishakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam districts.""}",,,bib67,no -4468-location-3,4468,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9478, 83.5839]]}",,,bib5307,no +4468-location-3,4468,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9478, 83.5839]]}",,,bib5330,no 4468-speaker_number-1,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 4468-speakers-1,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -4468-speaker_number-2,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4358,yes -4468-speakers-2,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""246,513"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4358,yes -4468-speaker_number-3,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4468-speakers-3,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4468-speaker_number-2,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4379,yes +4468-speakers-2,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""246,513"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4379,yes +4468-speaker_number-3,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4468-speakers-3,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4468-speaker_number-4,4468,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4468-speakers-4,4468,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4468-LEI-2,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4468-vitality-2,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4468-LEI-3,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4358,yes -4468-vitality-3,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4358,yes -4468-LEI-4,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4468-vitality-4,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4468-LEI-3,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4379,yes +4468-vitality-3,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4379,yes +4468-LEI-4,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4468-vitality-4,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4468-LEI-5,4468,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4468-vitality-5,4468,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4472-location-1,4472,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.27, 146.08]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -46956,35 +47142,35 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4472-vitality-1,4472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4472-LEI-2,4472,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4472-vitality-2,4472,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4475-context-1,4475,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,"""There is full oral transmission to all children in the home (literacy acquisition, if any, is in the second language. Members of speech community perceive the economic, social, religious, and identificational benefits of using their language orally, but they perceive no benefits in reading and writing it."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-location-1,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.9642, 82.9819]]}",,,bib5307,no -4475-location-2,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sahartara, Tupatara, Tarakot and Belawa/Lingdu within Sahartara Village Development Committee of Dolpa District, Midwestern Development Region of Nepal""}",,,bib6198,yes -4475-location-3,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Dolpa district""}",,,bib3633,no +4475-context-1,4475,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,"""There is full oral transmission to all children in the home (literacy acquisition, if any, is in the second language. Members of speech community perceive the economic, social, religious, and identificational benefits of using their language orally, but they perceive no benefits in reading and writing it."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-location-1,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[28.9642, 82.9819]]}",,,bib5330,no +4475-location-2,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sahartara, Tupatara, Tarakot and Belawa/Lingdu within Sahartara Village Development Committee of Dolpa District, Midwestern Development Region of Nepal""}",,,bib6222,yes +4475-location-3,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the Dolpa district""}",,,bib3652,no 4475-location-4,4475,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -4475-speaker_number-1,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4475-speakers-1,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""794"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4475-speaker_number-2,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,only 39.7% of the population can speak Kaike.,bib6198,yes -4475-speakers-2,4475,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""794"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,only 39.7% of the population can speak Kaike.,bib6198,yes -4475-speaker_number-3,4475,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3633,no -4475-speakers-3,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3633,no +4475-speaker_number-1,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4475-speakers-1,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""794"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4475-speaker_number-2,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,only 39.7% of the population can speak Kaike.,bib6222,yes +4475-speakers-2,4475,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""794"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,only 39.7% of the population can speak Kaike.,bib6222,yes +4475-speaker_number-3,4475,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3652,no +4475-speakers-3,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3652,no 4475-speaker_number-4,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4475-speakers-4,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""794"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4475-speaker_number-5,4475,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 4475-speakers-5,4475,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -4475-LEI-1,4475,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4475-vitality-1,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4475-LEI-2,4475,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-transmission-2,4475,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-domains_of_use-2,4475,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-speaker_number_trends-2,4475,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-vitality-2,4475,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6198,yes -4475-LEI-3,4475,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3633,no -4475-vitality-3,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3633,no +4475-LEI-1,4475,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4475-vitality-1,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4475-LEI-2,4475,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-transmission-2,4475,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-domains_of_use-2,4475,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-speaker_number_trends-2,4475,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-vitality-2,4475,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[T]hough the total number of speakers is very small, the level of intergenerational language transmission in the Kaike community is strong. In this community, the speakers of all ages speak this language.They have a very positive attitude towards their language."" (p. 7)",bib6222,yes +4475-LEI-3,4475,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3652,no +4475-vitality-3,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3652,no 4475-LEI-4,4475,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4475-vitality-4,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4475-LEI-5,4475,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4475-vitality-5,4475,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4476-location-1,4476,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""La langue karang trouve ses locuteurs principalement dans le d\u00e9partement du Mayo-Rey, Province du Nord Cameroun aujourd'hui. En effet les locuteurs, \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 paysans, sont localis\u00e9s entre les villages Koum, \u00e0 40 km de Tchollir\u00e9 et Touboro sur l'axe Tchollir\u00e9-Touboro. Quelques locuteurs fuyant la pression de l'administration traditionnelle se trouvent aujourd'hui aux alentours de Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9 et Garoua. Pour les m\u00eames raisons, certains locuteurs sont localis\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion de Loumbogo au sud du Tchad. Soromb\u00e9o reste toute fois le bastion des karang."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.223723, 14.935707]]}",,,bib5508,no +4476-location-1,4476,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""La langue karang trouve ses locuteurs principalement dans le d\u00e9partement du Mayo-Rey, Province du Nord Cameroun aujourd'hui. En effet les locuteurs, \u00e0 majorit\u00e9 paysans, sont localis\u00e9s entre les villages Koum, \u00e0 40 km de Tchollir\u00e9 et Touboro sur l'axe Tchollir\u00e9-Touboro. Quelques locuteurs fuyant la pression de l'administration traditionnelle se trouvent aujourd'hui aux alentours de Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9 et Garoua. Pour les m\u00eames raisons, certains locuteurs sont localis\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9gion de Loumbogo au sud du Tchad. Soromb\u00e9o reste toute fois le bastion des karang."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.223723, 14.935707]]}",,,bib5532,no 4476-location-2,4476,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,yes 4476-speaker_number-1,4476,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4476-speakers-1,4476,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -46994,73 +47180,73 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4476-vitality-1,4476,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4476-LEI-2,4476,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4476-vitality-2,4476,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4478-location-1,4478,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3716, 30.6243]]}",,,bib5307,no -4478-location-2,4478,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Central Eliri range and on two hills to the south and east... in Lafofa village and nearly settlements in central Eliri, and on hills Umm Shatta and Takei.""}",,,bib6944,no +4478-location-1,4478,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.3716, 30.6243]]}",,,bib5330,no +4478-location-2,4478,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Central Eliri range and on two hills to the south and east... in Lafofa village and nearly settlements in central Eliri, and on hills Umm Shatta and Takei.""}",,,bib6968,no 4478-location-3,4478,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.25, 31.25]]}",,,bib216,no 4478-location-4,4478,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4478-speaker_number-1,4478,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4478-speakers-1,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4478-speaker_number-2,4478,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Lafofa: 501 speakers; Jebel el Amira dialect: 60 speakers; Jebel Tekeim dialect: 45 speakers."" or ""2000 Lafofa, 250 Jebel el Amira and 200 Jebel Tekeim",bib6944,no -4478-speakers-2,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""606-2450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Lafofa: 501 speakers; Jebel el Amira dialect: 60 speakers; Jebel Tekeim dialect: 45 speakers."" or ""2000 Lafofa, 250 Jebel el Amira and 200 Jebel Tekeim",bib6944,no +4478-speaker_number-1,4478,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4478-speakers-1,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4478-speaker_number-2,4478,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Lafofa: 501 speakers; Jebel el Amira dialect: 60 speakers; Jebel Tekeim dialect: 45 speakers."" or ""2000 Lafofa, 250 Jebel el Amira and 200 Jebel Tekeim",bib6968,no +4478-speakers-2,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""606-2450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Lafofa: 501 speakers; Jebel el Amira dialect: 60 speakers; Jebel Tekeim dialect: 45 speakers."" or ""2000 Lafofa, 250 Jebel el Amira and 200 Jebel Tekeim",bib6968,no 4478-speaker_number-3,4478,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4478-speakers-3,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4478-speaker_number-4,4478,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Brenzinger (2000).,bib67,yes 4478-speakers-4,4478,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Brenzinger (2000).,bib67,yes -4478-LEI-1,4478,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4478-vitality-1,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4478-LEI-2,4478,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4478-vitality-2,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4478-LEI-1,4478,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4478-vitality-1,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4478-LEI-2,4478,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4478-vitality-2,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4478-LEI-3,4478,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4478-vitality-3,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4478-LEI-4,4478,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4478-vitality-4,4478,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4479-context-1,4479,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bis\u00e3""}",,,bib5309,no -4479-location-1,4479,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Shen (=Laru) people live on the west bank of Lake Kainji in a number of villages near Shagunnu. Only Sansani village appears to be predominantly Shen. There are Shen families in the following settlements; Shagunnu, Luma, Sankwa, Tsoho, Sansani, Swashi, Amboshidi, Bagopiya, Berabite. [...] The Shen at Karabanji village, which is on the outskirts, north of New Busa town, say that they are about 300 persons in the village. Elsewhere, the Shen are found close to the bank of the Niger in Borgu LGA, Niger State in the following villages: Shagunu, Tungan Sansani, Sabon Sansani, Sangba and some at Luma-Bare, Luma-Sanke and Swashi."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.277677, 4.468075], [10.34042, 4.466015], [10.33338, 4.399911], [10.32311, 4.257018]]}",,,bib1028,yes -4479-location-2,4479,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...along the banks of the Niger River, northwestern Nigeria.""}",,,bib5309,no +4479-context-1,4479,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bis\u00e3""}",,,bib5332,no +4479-location-1,4479,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Shen (=Laru) people live on the west bank of Lake Kainji in a number of villages near Shagunnu. Only Sansani village appears to be predominantly Shen. There are Shen families in the following settlements; Shagunnu, Luma, Sankwa, Tsoho, Sansani, Swashi, Amboshidi, Bagopiya, Berabite. [...] The Shen at Karabanji village, which is on the outskirts, north of New Busa town, say that they are about 300 persons in the village. Elsewhere, the Shen are found close to the bank of the Niger in Borgu LGA, Niger State in the following villages: Shagunu, Tungan Sansani, Sabon Sansani, Sangba and some at Luma-Bare, Luma-Sanke and Swashi."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.277677, 4.468075], [10.34042, 4.466015], [10.33338, 4.399911], [10.32311, 4.257018]]}",,,bib1032,yes +4479-location-2,4479,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...along the banks of the Niger River, northwestern Nigeria.""}",,,bib5332,no 4479-location-3,4479,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4479-speaker_number-1,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are probably only some 1000 Shen--yet there is no evidence that the language is dying out although all speakers seem to be highly multilingual.,bib1028,yes -4479-speakers-1,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are probably only some 1000 Shen--yet there is no evidence that the language is dying out although all speakers seem to be highly multilingual.,bib1028,yes +4479-speaker_number-1,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are probably only some 1000 Shen--yet there is no evidence that the language is dying out although all speakers seem to be highly multilingual.,bib1032,yes +4479-speakers-1,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are probably only some 1000 Shen--yet there is no evidence that the language is dying out although all speakers seem to be highly multilingual.,bib1032,yes 4479-speaker_number-2,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4479-speakers-2,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4479-speaker_number-3,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"...spoken amongst an ethnic group of some 5,000 people...",bib5309,no -4479-speakers-3,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"...spoken amongst an ethnic group of some 5,000 people...",bib5309,no +4479-speaker_number-3,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"...spoken amongst an ethnic group of some 5,000 people...",bib5332,no +4479-speakers-3,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"...spoken amongst an ethnic group of some 5,000 people...",bib5332,no 4479-speaker_number-4,4479,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Jones (1995).,bib67,no 4479-speakers-4,4479,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Jones (1995).,bib67,no -4479-LEI-1,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1028,yes -4479-vitality-1,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1028,yes +4479-LEI-1,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1032,yes +4479-vitality-1,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1032,yes 4479-LEI-2,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4479-vitality-2,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4479-LEI-3,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,They are reported to be assimilating to Bisã language and culture.,bib5309,no -4479-vitality-3,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,They are reported to be assimilating to Bisã language and culture.,bib5309,no +4479-LEI-3,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,They are reported to be assimilating to Bisã language and culture.,bib5332,no +4479-vitality-3,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,They are reported to be assimilating to Bisã language and culture.,bib5332,no 4479-LEI-4,4479,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4479-vitality-4,4479,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4480-context-1,4480,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Assamese""}",,,bib67,no -4480-context-2,4480,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Tiwa speakers are also bilinguals with excellent competence in the Assamese language."" (p. 42)",bib5464,yes +4480-context-2,4480,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Tiwa speakers are also bilinguals with excellent competence in the Assamese language."" (p. 42)",bib5487,yes 4480-location-1,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Nagaon, Karbi Anglong, Kamrup, Sibsagar, Lakhimpur districts; Meghalaya, Khasi Hills District""}",,,bib67,no -4480-location-2,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tripura state, Kamrup and Marigaon districts and in the Karbi Anglong hills.""}",,,bib7525,no -4480-location-3,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.7801, 92.5927]]}",,,bib5307,no -4480-location-4,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""the district of Morigaon and in some parts of Nagaon, Karbi Anglong and Kamrup districts of Assam; also some in Khasi hills of Meghalaya""}",,,bib5464,yes +4480-location-2,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tripura state, Kamrup and Marigaon districts and in the Karbi Anglong hills.""}",,,bib7550,no +4480-location-3,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.7801, 92.5927]]}",,,bib5330,no +4480-location-4,4480,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""the district of Morigaon and in some parts of Nagaon, Karbi Anglong and Kamrup districts of Assam; also some in Khasi hills of Meghalaya""}",,,bib5487,yes 4480-speaker_number-1,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4480-speakers-1,4480,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""170,622"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4480-speaker_number-2,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,no -4480-speakers-2,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,no -4480-speaker_number-3,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4480-speakers-3,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4480-speaker_number-2,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,no +4480-speakers-2,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,no +4480-speaker_number-3,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4480-speakers-3,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4480-speaker_number-4,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4480-speakers-4,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4480-speaker_number-5,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5464,yes -4480-speakers-5,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27072"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5464,yes +4480-speaker_number-5,4480,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5487,yes +4480-speakers-5,4480,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27072"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5487,yes 4480-LEI-2,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4480-vitality-2,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4480-LEI-3,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -4480-vitality-3,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -4480-LEI-4,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4480-vitality-4,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4480-LEI-3,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +4480-vitality-3,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +4480-LEI-4,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4480-vitality-4,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4480-LEI-5,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4480-vitality-5,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4480-LEI-6,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Quite a few groups of Tiwas in the plains have adopted Assamese as their first language."" (p. 42)",bib5464,yes -4480-vitality-6,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Quite a few groups of Tiwas in the plains have adopted Assamese as their first language."" (p. 42)",bib5464,yes -4482-location-1,4482,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.459022, 152.682222]]}",,,bib7945,no +4480-LEI-6,4480,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Quite a few groups of Tiwas in the plains have adopted Assamese as their first language."" (p. 42)",bib5487,yes +4480-vitality-6,4480,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""Quite a few groups of Tiwas in the plains have adopted Assamese as their first language."" (p. 42)",bib5487,yes +4482-location-1,4482,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.459022, 152.682222]]}",,,bib7970,no 4482-location-2,4482,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""New Ireland Province, southwest coast, Nasko and Tampakar villages.""}",,,bib67,yes 4482-speaker_number-1,4482,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4482-speakers-1,4482,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""144"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -47071,157 +47257,157 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4482-LEI-2,4482,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4482-vitality-2,4482,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4483-context-1,4483,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Pattani""}",,,bib69,yes -4483-location-1,4483,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.519, 77.6733]]}",,,bib5307,no +4483-location-1,4483,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.519, 77.6733]]}",,,bib5330,no 4483-location-2,4483,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India: Himachal Pradesh, Lahul and Spiti Subdivision, lower Chandra, Tinan, Rangloi Valleys. China: Western Tibet border""}",,,bib69,yes 4483-location-3,4483,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.3333333333, 77.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4483-speaker_number-1,4483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4483-speakers-1,4483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4483-speaker_number-1,4483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4483-speakers-1,4483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4483-speakers-2,4483,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23050""}",,"22,600 in India (2001). 450 in China (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977)",bib69,yes 4483-speaker_number-3,4483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4483-speakers-3,4483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4483-LEI-1,4483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4483-vitality-1,4483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4483-LEI-1,4483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4483-vitality-1,4483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4483-LEI-2,4483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 4483-domains_of_use-2,4483,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib69,yes 4483-vitality-2,4483,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 4483-LEI-3,4483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4483-vitality-3,4483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4484-context-1,4484,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nepali is used with Northern Lorung in most domains.,bib3539,yes +4484-context-1,4484,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Nepali is used with Northern Lorung in most domains.,bib3557,yes 4484-location-1,4484,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no -4484-location-2,4484,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4266, 87.2498]]}",,,bib5307,no -4484-location-3,4484,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""The primary Lohorung communities lie north of Khandbari, Sankhuwasabha district headquarters, along the eastern side of the Arun River.\"" (p.1)""}",,,bib3539,yes +4484-location-2,4484,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4266, 87.2498]]}",,,bib5330,no +4484-location-3,4484,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""The primary Lohorung communities lie north of Khandbari, Sankhuwasabha district headquarters, along the eastern side of the Arun River.\"" (p.1)""}",,,bib3557,yes 4484-location-4,4484,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no 4484-speaker_number-1,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib140,no 4484-speakers-1,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,716"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib140,no -4484-speaker_number-2,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4484-speakers-2,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,207"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4484-speaker_number-3,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3539,yes -4484-speakers-3,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1207"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3539,yes +4484-speaker_number-2,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4484-speakers-2,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,207"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4484-speaker_number-3,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3557,yes +4484-speakers-3,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1207"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3557,yes 4484-speaker_number-4,4484,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4484-speakers-4,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,521"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4484-speaker_number-5,4484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4484-speakers-5,4484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 4484-LEI-1,4484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 4484-vitality-1,4484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -4484-LEI-2,4484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4484-vitality-2,4484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4484-LEI-3,4484,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3539,yes -4484-transmission-3,4484,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3539,yes -4484-domains_of_use-3,4484,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3539,yes -4484-speaker_number_trends-3,4484,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3539,yes -4484-vitality-3,4484,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3539,yes +4484-LEI-2,4484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4484-vitality-2,4484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4484-LEI-3,4484,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3557,yes +4484-transmission-3,4484,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3557,yes +4484-domains_of_use-3,4484,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3557,yes +4484-speaker_number_trends-3,4484,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3557,yes +4484-vitality-3,4484,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3557,yes 4484-LEI-4,4484,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4484-vitality-4,4484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4484-LEI-5,4484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 4484-vitality-5,4484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -4485-context-1,4485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, school, commerce, medicine""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As a language, Labu has negative status both inside and outside the community.""}",,"In domains where the vernacular is used, Tok Pisin is also used. Thus there are no domains in which the vernacular is the sole means of communication.",bib4497,no -4485-location-1,4485,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Villages of Labu-butu (population 800), Labu-miti (population 500), and Labu-tali (population 300). \""There is a fourth settlement of approximately 50 people reported to be located at the Markham bridge..\""""}",,"Geographically, the Labu speech communities are bounded on the north by the mouth of the Markham River, across which sits the city of Lae, Sugarloaf mountain to the south, to the west by a swamp, and to the east by the Solomon sea.",bib4497,no +4485-context-1,4485,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church, school, commerce, medicine""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""As a language, Labu has negative status both inside and outside the community.""}",,"In domains where the vernacular is used, Tok Pisin is also used. Thus there are no domains in which the vernacular is the sole means of communication.",bib4518,no +4485-location-1,4485,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Villages of Labu-butu (population 800), Labu-miti (population 500), and Labu-tali (population 300). \""There is a fourth settlement of approximately 50 people reported to be located at the Markham bridge..\""""}",,"Geographically, the Labu speech communities are bounded on the north by the mouth of the Markham River, across which sits the city of Lae, Sugarloaf mountain to the south, to the west by a swamp, and to the east by the Solomon sea.",bib4518,no 4485-location-2,4485,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.75, 146.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4485-location-3,4485,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes -4485-speaker_number-1,4485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4497,no -4485-speakers-1,4485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4497,no +4485-speaker_number-1,4485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4518,no +4485-speakers-1,4485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4518,no 4485-speaker_number-2,4485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4485-speakers-2,4485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4485-speaker_number-3,4485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,""" 800 in Labu-Butu."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).",bib67,yes 4485-speakers-3,4485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,""" 800 in Labu-Butu."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).",bib67,yes -4485-LEI-1,4485,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4497,no -4485-transmission-1,4485,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4497,no -4485-domains_of_use-1,4485,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4497,no -4485-speaker_number_trends-1,4485,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4497,no -4485-vitality-1,4485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4497,no +4485-LEI-1,4485,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4518,no +4485-transmission-1,4485,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4518,no +4485-domains_of_use-1,4485,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4518,no +4485-speaker_number_trends-1,4485,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4518,no +4485-vitality-1,4485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Only the very old (60-70 years of age), perhaps 1% of the population, use Labu as their sole means of communication. Only those above 45 years of age use it as their primary means of communication.",bib4518,no 4485-LEI-2,4485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4485-vitality-2,4485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4485-LEI-3,4485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4485-vitality-3,4485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4486-location-1,4486,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.62330833, 143.8556152]]}",,,bib1182,no +4486-location-1,4486,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.62330833, 143.8556152]]}",,,bib1191,no 4486-location-2,4486,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4486-speaker_number-1,4486,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4486-speakers-1,4486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4486-speaker_number-2,4486,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4486-speakers-2,4486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4486-speaker_number-2,4486,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4486-speakers-2,4486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4486-speaker_number-3,4486,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4486-speakers-3,4486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4486-speakers-4,4486,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"""Unlikely any speakers remain"" (Wurm 2003).",bib67,no 4486-LEI-1,4486,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4486-vitality-1,4486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4486-LEI-2,4486,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4486-vitality-2,4486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4486-LEI-2,4486,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4486-vitality-2,4486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4486-LEI-3,4486,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4486-vitality-3,4486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4486-LEI-4,4486,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 4486-vitality-4,4486,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -4488-context-1,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Langas""}",,Nearly all the ethnic Luri have switched to speaking Hausa.,bib981,no -4488-context-2,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Nyamzak (Langas)""}",,"Dans l’opération, l’ensemble de la population a abandonné la langue du village, le luri, au profit du haoussa et de la langue parlée à Langas, le nyamzak. Selon Musa, l’ancien chef de Luri, lui et sa femme sont les derniers locuteurs de la langue.",bib1514,yes -4488-context-3,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Jaar""}",,"Two of those language (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an “old” village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the “old” language and a “new” village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1512,no -4488-context-5,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Langas""}",,The speakers of Luri have switched to either Hausa or Langas (=Nyamzak).,bib1001,no -4488-context-6,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Its former speakers appear to have shifted to Hausa as a primary means of communication.,bib5309,no -4488-context-7,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Jaranchi (Jaar)""}",,,bib5633,no -4488-location-1,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no -4488-location-2,4488,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9255, 9.5965]]}",,,bib5307,no -4488-location-3,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1518,no -4488-location-4,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Luri village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.171127, 9.726795]]}",,"A une quinzaine de km au sud-est de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria, près de Langas (9,83° Est ; 10,17° Nord), à flanc de colline, se trouve le village d’origine de Luri (lúr). Il consiste aujourd’hui en une seule maison, où vivent le chef du village (Musa) et son épouse, tous deux âgés de plus de 80 ans. Le gouvernement fédéral du Nigeria ayant confisqué les terres du village pour créer une réserve au profit des pasteurs peuls, les habitants du village ont dû émigrer. Musa ayant refusé de quitter son village, c’est son fils qui lui a succédé et a fondé le nouveau village de Luri, à une dizaine de kilomètres de là, plus bas dans la vallée, près de la rivière qui coule à Langas.",bib1514,yes -4488-location-5,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria",bib1512,no +4488-context-1,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Langas""}",,Nearly all the ethnic Luri have switched to speaking Hausa.,bib985,no +4488-context-2,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Nyamzak (Langas)""}",,"Dans l’opération, l’ensemble de la population a abandonné la langue du village, le luri, au profit du haoussa et de la langue parlée à Langas, le nyamzak. Selon Musa, l’ancien chef de Luri, lui et sa femme sont les derniers locuteurs de la langue.",bib1526,yes +4488-context-3,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Jaar""}",,"Two of those language (ex: Zaranda ; Luri) are spoken in communities that have split, creating a situation with an “old” village up in the hills with a few older people, living in terrible conditions, using the “old” language and a “new” village where the majority of the population has moved down the hill, by the road, and switched to Hausa, Jaar, etc.",bib1524,no +4488-context-5,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Langas""}",,The speakers of Luri have switched to either Hausa or Langas (=Nyamzak).,bib1005,no +4488-context-6,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Its former speakers appear to have shifted to Hausa as a primary means of communication.,bib5332,no +4488-context-7,4488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Jaranchi (Jaar)""}",,,bib5657,no +4488-location-1,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no +4488-location-2,4488,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9255, 9.5965]]}",,,bib5330,no +4488-location-3,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the South of the Bauchi state (Nigeria),bib1530,no +4488-location-4,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Luri village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.171127, 9.726795]]}",,"A une quinzaine de km au sud-est de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria, près de Langas (9,83° Est ; 10,17° Nord), à flanc de colline, se trouve le village d’origine de Luri (lúr). Il consiste aujourd’hui en une seule maison, où vivent le chef du village (Musa) et son épouse, tous deux âgés de plus de 80 ans. Le gouvernement fédéral du Nigeria ayant confisqué les terres du village pour créer une réserve au profit des pasteurs peuls, les habitants du village ont dû émigrer. Musa ayant refusé de quitter son village, c’est son fils qui lui a succédé et a fondé le nouveau village de Luri, à une dizaine de kilomètres de là, plus bas dans la vallée, près de la rivière qui coule à Langas.",bib1526,yes +4488-location-5,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria",bib1524,no 4488-location-6,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA, Kayarda and Luri villages.",bib68,no -4488-location-7,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1516,no -4488-location-8,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State and Division, Zungur District""}",,,bib6944,no -4488-location-9,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Luri village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"At that time (1992), Luri was still spoken in Luri and Kayarda villages... The village of Luri (lúr) is some 15 km. southeast of Bauchi town, close to Langas (9°83 E, 10°17 N). According to Caron, following the creation of a Grazing Reserve, the Luri people were compelled to move away and a new Luri was founded some 10 km. away.",bib1001,no -4488-location-10,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Nigeria""}",,,bib5309,no -4488-location-11,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"""“They live in Kayarda and Luri villages... All of them are found in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State.”",bib5633,no -4488-speaker_number-1,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib605,no -4488-speakers-1,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib605,no -4488-speaker_number-2,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4488-speakers-2,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -4488-speaker_number-4,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,On peut donc considérer que Musa et sa femme sont les deux dernières personnes à se souvenir de la langue.,bib1514,yes -4488-speakers-4,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,On peut donc considérer que Musa et sa femme sont les deux dernières personnes à se souvenir de la langue.,bib1514,yes +4488-location-7,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1528,no +4488-location-8,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State and Division, Zungur District""}",,,bib6968,no +4488-location-9,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Luri village, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"At that time (1992), Luri was still spoken in Luri and Kayarda villages... The village of Luri (lúr) is some 15 km. southeast of Bauchi town, close to Langas (9°83 E, 10°17 N). According to Caron, following the creation of a Grazing Reserve, the Luri people were compelled to move away and a new Luri was founded some 10 km. away.",bib1005,no +4488-location-10,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Nigeria""}",,,bib5332,no +4488-location-11,4488,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"""“They live in Kayarda and Luri villages... All of them are found in Bauchi LGA of Bauchi State.”",bib5657,no +4488-speaker_number-1,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib608,no +4488-speakers-1,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib608,no +4488-speaker_number-2,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4488-speakers-2,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +4488-speaker_number-4,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,On peut donc considérer que Musa et sa femme sont les deux dernières personnes à se souvenir de la langue.,bib1526,yes +4488-speakers-4,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,On peut donc considérer que Musa et sa femme sont les deux dernières personnes à se souvenir de la langue.,bib1526,yes 4488-speakers-5,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004""}",,"No known L1 speakers. In 2002, spoken only by the old chief and his wife (R. Blench).",bib68,no 4488-speaker_number-6,4488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4488-speakers-6,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4488-speakers-7,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1516,no -4488-speaker_number-8,4488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -4488-speakers-8,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -4488-speaker_number-9,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,These are probably the last two speakers of the language and both are over eighty...,bib1001,no -4488-speakers-9,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,These are probably the last two speakers of the language and both are over eighty...,bib1001,no -4488-speaker_number-10,4488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,...had around thirty speakers left according to a survey carried out in 1973 by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.,bib5309,no -4488-speakers-10,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,...had around thirty speakers left according to a survey carried out in 1973 by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.,bib5309,no -4488-LEI-2,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -4488-vitality-2,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no -4488-LEI-3,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4488-vitality-3,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4488-LEI-5,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1514,yes -4488-transmission-5,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1514,yes -4488-speaker_number_trends-5,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1514,yes -4488-vitality-5,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1514,yes -4488-LEI-6,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1512,no -4488-transmission-6,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1512,no -4488-speaker_number_trends-6,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1512,no -4488-vitality-6,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1512,no +4488-speakers-7,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1528,no +4488-speaker_number-8,4488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +4488-speakers-8,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +4488-speaker_number-9,4488,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,These are probably the last two speakers of the language and both are over eighty...,bib1005,no +4488-speakers-9,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,These are probably the last two speakers of the language and both are over eighty...,bib1005,no +4488-speaker_number-10,4488,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,...had around thirty speakers left according to a survey carried out in 1973 by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.,bib5332,no +4488-speakers-10,4488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,...had around thirty speakers left according to a survey carried out in 1973 by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.,bib5332,no +4488-LEI-2,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +4488-vitality-2,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no +4488-LEI-3,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4488-vitality-3,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4488-LEI-5,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1526,yes +4488-transmission-5,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1526,yes +4488-speaker_number_trends-5,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1526,yes +4488-vitality-5,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1526,yes +4488-LEI-6,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1524,no +4488-transmission-6,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1524,no +4488-speaker_number_trends-6,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1524,no +4488-vitality-6,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1524,no 4488-LEI-7,4488,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 4488-vitality-7,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no 4488-LEI-8,4488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4488-vitality-8,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4488-LEI-9,4488,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1516,no -4488-vitality-9,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1516,no -4488-LEI-10,4488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4488-vitality-10,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4488-LEI-11,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,no -4488-transmission-11,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1001,no -4488-speaker_number_trends-11,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1001,no -4488-vitality-11,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1001,no -4488-LEI-12,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -4488-transmission-12,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -4488-domains_of_use-12,4488,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -4488-speaker_number_trends-12,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -4488-vitality-12,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -4489-context-1,4489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,,bib5309,no -4489-location-1,4489,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib5309,no +4488-LEI-9,4488,LEI,Dormant (),,Extinct.,bib1528,no +4488-vitality-9,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Extinct.,bib1528,no +4488-LEI-10,4488,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4488-vitality-10,4488,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4488-LEI-11,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1005,no +4488-transmission-11,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1005,no +4488-speaker_number_trends-11,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1005,no +4488-vitality-11,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1005,no +4488-LEI-12,4488,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +4488-transmission-12,4488,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +4488-domains_of_use-12,4488,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +4488-speaker_number_trends-12,4488,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +4488-vitality-12,4488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +4489-context-1,4489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,,bib5332,no +4489-location-1,4489,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib5332,no 4489-location-2,4489,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba state, Takum LGA, Lufu, and Lufu Jauro"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.041226, 9.768341]]}",,,bib67,yes -4489-speaker_number-1,4489,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lufu...refers to an unclassified langauge with probably a few elderly speakers left. The ethnic group, which consists of 2,000 to 3,000 people, now speaks a variety of Jukun (Niger-Congo)...",bib5309,no -4489-speakers-1,4489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lufu...refers to an unclassified langauge with probably a few elderly speakers left. The ethnic group, which consists of 2,000 to 3,000 people, now speaks a variety of Jukun (Niger-Congo)...",bib5309,no +4489-speaker_number-1,4489,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lufu...refers to an unclassified langauge with probably a few elderly speakers left. The ethnic group, which consists of 2,000 to 3,000 people, now speaks a variety of Jukun (Niger-Congo)...",bib5332,no +4489-speakers-1,4489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lufu...refers to an unclassified langauge with probably a few elderly speakers left. The ethnic group, which consists of 2,000 to 3,000 people, now speaks a variety of Jukun (Niger-Congo)...",bib5332,no 4489-speaker_number-2,4489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Shifting to Jukun [jbu]. Culture and religion similar to the Jukun Kapya. Language reported to have been similar to Bete [byf]. Those at Arufu near Wukari have lost the language. Mainly older adults.,bib67,yes 4489-speakers-2,4489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Shifting to Jukun [jbu]. Culture and religion similar to the Jukun Kapya. Language reported to have been similar to Bete [byf]. Those at Arufu near Wukari have lost the language. Mainly older adults.,bib67,yes -4489-LEI-1,4489,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -4489-transmission-1,4489,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -4489-vitality-1,4489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5309,no +4489-LEI-1,4489,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +4489-transmission-1,4489,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +4489-vitality-1,4489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5332,no 4489-LEI-2,4489,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4489-vitality-2,4489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4490-context-1,4490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish, some Nivacl\u00e9""}",,"Also use Nivaclé [cag], Paraguayan Guaraní [gug], Spanish [spa]. Used as L2 by Sanapaná [spn].",bib67,no @@ -47229,62 +47415,62 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4490-location-1,4490,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.5, -59.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4490-location-2,4490,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,"Boquerón Department, Filadelfia; Presidente Hayes Department, Paratodo and north.",bib67,no 4490-location-3,4490,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,Alto Paraguay department; Boquerón department: Filadelfia; Presidente Hayes department: Paratodo and north.,bib70,no -4490-location-4,4490,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7528,yes +4490-location-4,4490,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib7553,yes 4490-speaker_number-1,4490,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4490-speakers-1,4490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 4490-speaker_number-2,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib70,no 4490-speakers-2,4490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7220"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6440"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,no -4490-speaker_number-3,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2545,no -4490-speakers-3,4490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,221"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,982"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2545,no -4490-speaker_number-4,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7528,yes -4490-speakers-4,4490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7528,yes +4490-speaker_number-3,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2558,no +4490-speakers-3,4490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,221"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,982"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2558,no +4490-speaker_number-4,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7553,yes +4490-speakers-4,4490,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7553,yes 4490-speaker_number-5,4490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4490-speakers-5,4490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,705"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4490-LEI-1,4490,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4490-vitality-1,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4490-LEI-2,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 4490-vitality-2,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -4490-LEI-3,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2545,no -4490-vitality-3,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2545,no -4490-LEI-4,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7528,yes -4490-vitality-4,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7528,yes +4490-LEI-3,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2558,no +4490-vitality-3,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2558,no +4490-LEI-4,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7553,yes +4490-vitality-4,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Enlhet Norte, with 96% of the ethnic population of 8100 still speaking the language, coming down to over 7500 native speakers.",bib7553,yes 4490-LEI-5,4490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4490-vitality-5,4490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4494-location-1,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador"", ""Honduras""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.6459, -87.0996]]}",,,bib5307,no +4494-location-1,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador"", ""Honduras""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.6459, -87.0996]]}",,,bib5330,no 4494-location-2,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""La Paz, Intibuc\u00e1, Lempira, Comayagua, Valle and Francisco Moraz\u00e1n departments.""}",,,bib69,no 4494-location-3,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""]}",,,bib25,yes -4494-location-4,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""There remain some semi-speakers in the Departments of La Paz, Intibuc\u00e1, Lempira, Comayagua, Santa Barbara, Valle and Moraz\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6077,no -4494-speakers-1,4494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5307,no +4494-location-4,4494,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""There remain some semi-speakers in the Departments of La Paz, Intibuc\u00e1, Lempira, Comayagua, Santa Barbara, Valle and Moraz\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6101,no +4494-speakers-1,4494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5330,no 4494-speakers-2,4494,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,"""No known L1 speakers."" (Adelaar)",bib69,no 4494-speakers-3,4494,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Honduran Lencan is dormant; it was spoken with minor dialect differences in Intibuca, Opatoro, Guajiquiro, Similatón (modern Cabañas), and Santa Elena. It is a distinct language from Chilanga (Salvadoran Lenca).",bib25,yes -4494-speakers-4,4494,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,Practically extinct. There remain some semi-speakers.,bib6077,no -4494-LEI-1,4494,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5307,no -4494-vitality-1,4494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5307,no +4494-speakers-4,4494,speakers,"{""Semi Speakers"": ""some""}",,Practically extinct. There remain some semi-speakers.,bib6101,no +4494-LEI-1,4494,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5330,no +4494-vitality-1,4494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5330,no 4494-LEI-2,4494,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 4494-vitality-2,4494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 4494-LEI-3,4494,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib25,yes 4494-vitality-3,4494,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib25,yes -4495-context-1,4495,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"""The entire Lepcha area is bilingual."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes -4495-location-1,4495,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1153, 88.4687]]}",,,bib5307,no -4495-location-2,4495,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in kalimpong (\""British Bhutan\""), as well as in approximately 100 households in Ilam district.""}",,,bib7525,yes +4495-context-1,4495,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,"""The entire Lepcha area is bilingual."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes +4495-location-1,4495,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1153, 88.4687]]}",,,bib5330,no +4495-location-2,4495,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in kalimpong (\""British Bhutan\""), as well as in approximately 100 households in Ilam district.""}",,,bib7550,yes 4495-location-3,4495,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1666666667, 88.5]]}",,,bib216,no -4495-speaker_number-1,4495,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4495-speakers-1,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4495-speaker_number-1,4495,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4495-speakers-1,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4495-speaker_number-2,4495,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 4495-speakers-2,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,629"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -4495-speaker_number-3,4495,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""The total number of fluent Lepcha speakers does not exceed a few thousand."" (pg.296)",bib7525,yes -4495-speakers-3,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""The total number of fluent Lepcha speakers does not exceed a few thousand."" (pg.296)",bib7525,yes +4495-speaker_number-3,4495,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""The total number of fluent Lepcha speakers does not exceed a few thousand."" (pg.296)",bib7550,yes +4495-speakers-3,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""The total number of fluent Lepcha speakers does not exceed a few thousand."" (pg.296)",bib7550,yes 4495-speaker_number-4,4495,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4495-speakers-4,4495,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,826"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4495-LEI-1,4495,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4495-vitality-1,4495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4495-LEI-1,4495,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4495-vitality-1,4495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4495-LEI-2,4495,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 4495-vitality-2,4495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -4495-LEI-3,4495,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes -4495-transmission-3,4495,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes -4495-domains_of_use-3,4495,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes -4495-speaker_number_trends-3,4495,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes -4495-vitality-3,4495,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7525,yes +4495-LEI-3,4495,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes +4495-transmission-3,4495,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes +4495-domains_of_use-3,4495,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes +4495-speaker_number_trends-3,4495,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes +4495-vitality-3,4495,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Despite spirited attempts to preserve the language, Lepcha has already effectively been lost everywhere in favour of Nepali. There are very few remaining households where the younger generation actively speaks the language, and these households are few and far between."" (pg. 296)",bib7550,yes 4495-LEI-4,4495,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4495-vitality-4,4495,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4496-location-1,4496,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.33, 147.74]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -47297,21 +47483,21 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4496-vitality-1,4496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4496-LEI-2,4496,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4496-vitality-2,4496,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4498-location-1,4498,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6166, 105.6833]]}",,,bib5307,no -4498-location-2,4498,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Lao Cai Province, three villages.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4498-location-1,4498,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6166, 105.6833]]}",,,bib5330,no +4498-location-2,4498,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Lao Cai Province, three villages.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4498-location-3,4498,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4498-speaker_number-1,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4498-speakers-1,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4498-speaker_number-2,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Classified in Phula ethnic group. Laghuu is autonym, Xa Pho is former Vietnamese name for the group. Language closely related to Muji but distinct.",bib1205,yes -4498-speakers-2,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Classified in Phula ethnic group. Laghuu is autonym, Xa Pho is former Vietnamese name for the group. Language closely related to Muji but distinct.",bib1205,yes +4498-speaker_number-1,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4498-speakers-1,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4498-speaker_number-2,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Classified in Phula ethnic group. Laghuu is autonym, Xa Pho is former Vietnamese name for the group. Language closely related to Muji but distinct.",bib1214,yes +4498-speakers-2,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Classified in Phula ethnic group. Laghuu is autonym, Xa Pho is former Vietnamese name for the group. Language closely related to Muji but distinct.",bib1214,yes 4498-speaker_number-3,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4498-speakers-3,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4498-speaker_number-4,4498,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Edmondson (2002).,bib67,no 4498-speakers-4,4498,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Edmondson (2002).,bib67,no -4498-LEI-1,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4498-vitality-1,4498,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4498-LEI-2,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -4498-vitality-2,4498,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes +4498-LEI-1,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4498-vitality-1,4498,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4498-LEI-2,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +4498-vitality-2,4498,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes 4498-LEI-3,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4498-vitality-3,4498,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4498-LEI-4,4498,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -47326,36 +47512,36 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4500-vitality-1,4500,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4500-LEI-2,4500,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4500-vitality-2,4500,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4503-context-1,4503,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""all bilingual in Nepali since the influx of Nepali-speaking settlers"" (p.335)",bib8246,yes -4503-location-1,4503,location,"{""Places"": [""southwestern Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Samtsi district"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.045, 89.053]]}",,,bib8246,yes -4503-location-2,4503,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9514, 89.2968]]}",,,bib5307,no +4503-context-1,4503,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""all bilingual in Nepali since the influx of Nepali-speaking settlers"" (p.335)",bib8271,yes +4503-location-1,4503,location,"{""Places"": [""southwestern Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Samtsi district"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.045, 89.053]]}",,,bib8271,yes +4503-location-2,4503,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9514, 89.2968]]}",,,bib5330,no 4503-location-3,4503,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -4503-speaker_number-1,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -4503-speakers-1,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -4503-speaker_number-2,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4503-speakers-2,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4503-speaker_number-1,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +4503-speakers-1,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +4503-speaker_number-2,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4503-speakers-2,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4503-speaker_number-3,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4503-speakers-3,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4503-speaker_number-4,4503,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no 4503-speakers-4,4503,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no -4503-LEI-1,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4503-vitality-1,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -4503-LEI-2,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4503-vitality-2,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4503-LEI-1,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4503-vitality-1,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +4503-LEI-2,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4503-vitality-2,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4503-LEI-3,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4503-vitality-3,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4503-LEI-4,4503,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4503-vitality-4,4503,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4508-location-1,4508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1433, 29.8306]]}",,,bib5307,no +4508-location-1,4508,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1433, 29.8306]]}",,,bib5330,no 4508-location-2,4508,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4508-speaker_number-1,4508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4508-speakers-1,4508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4508-speaker_number-1,4508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4508-speakers-1,4508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4508-speaker_number-2,4508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4508-speakers-2,4508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4508-speaker_number-3,4508,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 (Welmers 1971)",bib67,yes 4508-speakers-3,4508,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 (Welmers 1971)",bib67,yes -4508-LEI-1,4508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4508-vitality-1,4508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4508-LEI-1,4508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4508-vitality-1,4508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4508-LEI-2,4508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4508-vitality-2,4508,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4508-LEI-3,4508,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -47370,111 +47556,111 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4509-vitality-1,4509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4509-LEI-2,4509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 4509-vitality-2,4509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes -4510-context-1,4510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hani, Chinese""}",,"Applied for but failed to achieve official nationality status in China in the early 1980s, amalgamated into the Lahu nationality in 1989.",bib1205,yes -4510-location-1,4510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6166, 102.75]]}",,,bib5307,no -4510-location-2,4510,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""China: south central Yunnan, Xinping, Jingdong, Zhenyuan, Jinggu, Jinping, Jiangcheng and Mengla counties; Vietnam, Lai Chau Province, M\u01b0\u01a1\u01b0g T\u00e8 District.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4510-context-1,4510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hani, Chinese""}",,"Applied for but failed to achieve official nationality status in China in the early 1980s, amalgamated into the Lahu nationality in 1989.",bib1214,yes +4510-location-1,4510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6166, 102.75]]}",,,bib5330,no +4510-location-2,4510,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""China: south central Yunnan, Xinping, Jingdong, Zhenyuan, Jinggu, Jinping, Jiangcheng and Mengla counties; Vietnam, Lai Chau Province, M\u01b0\u01a1\u01b0g T\u00e8 District.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4510-location-3,4510,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4510-speaker_number-1,4510,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4510-speakers-1,4510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4510-speaker_number-2,4510,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 45,000 group members, very widely scattered from north to south, east of the main Lahu concentrations, cultural similarities with adjacent Hani rather than with Lahu. 5,400 in Vietnam, nearly 40,000 in China.",bib1205,yes -4510-speakers-2,4510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 45,000 group members, very widely scattered from north to south, east of the main Lahu concentrations, cultural similarities with adjacent Hani rather than with Lahu. 5,400 in Vietnam, nearly 40,000 in China.",bib1205,yes +4510-speaker_number-1,4510,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4510-speakers-1,4510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""94,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4510-speaker_number-2,4510,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 45,000 group members, very widely scattered from north to south, east of the main Lahu concentrations, cultural similarities with adjacent Hani rather than with Lahu. 5,400 in Vietnam, nearly 40,000 in China.",bib1214,yes +4510-speakers-2,4510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 45,000 group members, very widely scattered from north to south, east of the main Lahu concentrations, cultural similarities with adjacent Hani rather than with Lahu. 5,400 in Vietnam, nearly 40,000 in China.",bib1214,yes 4510-speaker_number-3,4510,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,870 in Viet Nam (2007).",bib67,no 4510-speakers-3,4510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,870"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,870 in Viet Nam (2007).",bib67,no -4510-LEI-1,4510,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4510-vitality-1,4510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4510-LEI-2,4510,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1205,yes -4510-speaker_number_trends-2,4510,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1205,yes -4510-vitality-2,4510,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1205,yes +4510-LEI-1,4510,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4510-vitality-1,4510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4510-LEI-2,4510,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1214,yes +4510-speaker_number_trends-2,4510,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1214,yes +4510-vitality-2,4510,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Language starting to be replaced by Hani and Chinese.,bib1214,yes 4510-LEI-3,4510,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4510-vitality-3,4510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4511-location-1,4511,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""'Wangdi Phodr'a district"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.488, 89.899]]}",,,bib8246,yes -4511-location-2,4511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5898, 90.3735]]}",,,bib5307,no +4511-location-1,4511,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""'Wangdi Phodr'a district"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.488, 89.899]]}",,,bib8271,yes +4511-location-2,4511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5898, 90.3735]]}",,,bib5330,no 4511-location-3,4511,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -4511-speaker_number-1,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -4511-speakers-1,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -4511-speaker_number-2,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4511-speakers-2,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4511-speaker_number-1,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +4511-speakers-1,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +4511-speaker_number-2,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4511-speakers-2,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4511-speaker_number-3,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4511-speakers-3,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4511-speaker_number-4,4511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no 4511-speakers-4,4511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Van Driem (1993).,bib67,no -4511-LEI-1,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4511-vitality-1,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -4511-LEI-2,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4511-vitality-2,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4511-LEI-1,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4511-vitality-1,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +4511-LEI-2,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4511-vitality-2,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4511-LEI-3,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4511-vitality-3,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4511-LEI-4,4511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4511-vitality-4,4511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4512-location-1,4512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.11426, 114.029]]}",,,bib3264,no +4512-location-1,4512,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.11426, 114.029]]}",,,bib3280,no 4512-speaker_number-1,4512,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 4512-speakers-1,4512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes 4512-LEI-1,4512,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4512-vitality-1,4512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -4515-location-1,4515,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.47762877, 131.8581747]]}",,,bib1182,no +4515-location-1,4515,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.47762877, 131.8581747]]}",,,bib1191,no 4515-speaker_number-1,4515,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4515-speakers-1,4515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4515-speaker_number-2,4515,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4515-speakers-2,4515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4515-speaker_number-2,4515,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4515-speakers-2,4515,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4515-LEI-1,4515,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4515-vitality-1,4515,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4515-LEI-2,4515,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4515-speaker_number_trends-2,4515,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -4515-vitality-2,4515,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7422,yes +4515-LEI-2,4515,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4515-speaker_number_trends-2,4515,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +4515-vitality-2,4515,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7446,yes 4516-context-2,4516,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Spoken Arabic [apd]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no -4516-location-1,4516,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[Speakers] live in the Lumun hills, east of Kadugli in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan.""}",,,bib7040,yes -4516-location-2,4516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8387, 30.0338]]}",,,bib5307,no +4516-location-1,4516,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[Speakers] live in the Lumun hills, east of Kadugli in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan.""}",,,bib7064,yes +4516-location-2,4516,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8387, 30.0338]]}",,,bib5330,no 4516-location-3,4516,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Janub Kurdufan state: Limon hills, Toromathan, To\u2019ri, and Canya\u2019ru villages.""}",,,bib69,no -4516-location-4,4516,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in the Moro Hills (Kordofan) in north-central Sudan.""}",,,bib5309,no -4516-speaker_number-1,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7040,yes -4516-speakers-1,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7040,yes -4516-speaker_number-2,4516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6986,no -4516-speakers-2,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6986,no -4516-speaker_number-3,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4516-speakers-3,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4516-location-4,4516,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in the Moro Hills (Kordofan) in north-central Sudan.""}",,,bib5332,no +4516-speaker_number-1,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7064,yes +4516-speakers-1,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7064,yes +4516-speaker_number-2,4516,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7010,no +4516-speakers-2,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">3800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7010,no +4516-speaker_number-3,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4516-speakers-3,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4516-speaker_number-4,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4516-speakers-4,4516,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4516-speaker_number-5,4516,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"(2014 SIL). Home area population 9,500 (2011 census).",bib69,no 4516-speakers-5,4516,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Used as L2 by Tocho [taz].""}",,"(2014 SIL). Home area population 9,500 (2011 census).",bib69,no -4516-LEI-1,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7040,yes -4516-vitality-1,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7040,yes -4516-LEI-2,4516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6986,no -4516-vitality-2,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6986,no -4516-LEI-3,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4516-vitality-3,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4516-LEI-1,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7064,yes +4516-vitality-1,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7064,yes +4516-LEI-2,4516,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7010,no +4516-vitality-2,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7010,no +4516-LEI-3,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4516-vitality-3,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4516-LEI-4,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4516-vitality-4,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4516-LEI-5,4516,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4516-vitality-5,4516,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4523-location-1,4523,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8521, 30.6463]]}",,,bib5307,no +4523-location-1,4523,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8521, 30.6463]]}",,,bib5330,no 4523-location-2,4523,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4523-speaker_number-1,4523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4523-speakers-1,4523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4523-speaker_number-1,4523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4523-speakers-1,4523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4523-speaker_number-2,4523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4523-speakers-2,4523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,811"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4523-speaker_number-3,4523,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4523-speakers-3,4523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4523-LEI-1,4523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4523-vitality-1,4523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4523-LEI-1,4523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4523-vitality-1,4523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4523-LEI-2,4523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4523-vitality-2,4523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4523-LEI-3,4523,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4523-vitality-3,4523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4524-location-1,4524,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.9048, 34.2224]]}",,,bib5307,no -4524-location-2,4524,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Equatorial Province. \""There are as many as 22,000 speakers, who mainly live in 14 villages west of the town of Chukudum.\""""}",,,bib7039,no +4524-location-1,4524,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.9048, 34.2224]]}",,,bib5330,no +4524-location-2,4524,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Equatorial Province. \""There are as many as 22,000 speakers, who mainly live in 14 villages west of the town of Chukudum.\""""}",,,bib7063,no 4524-location-3,4524,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4524-speaker_number-1,4524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4524-speakers-1,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,623"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4524-speaker_number-2,4524,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7039,no -4524-speakers-2,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<22000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7039,no +4524-speaker_number-1,4524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4524-speakers-1,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,623"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4524-speaker_number-2,4524,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7063,no +4524-speakers-2,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<22000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7063,no 4524-speaker_number-3,4524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4524-speakers-3,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,623"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4524-speaker_number-4,4524,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,620 (1983 Fukui)",bib67,yes 4524-speakers-4,4524,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,620 (1983 Fukui)",bib67,yes -4524-LEI-1,4524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4524-vitality-1,4524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4524-LEI-2,4524,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7039,no -4524-vitality-2,4524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7039,no +4524-LEI-1,4524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4524-vitality-1,4524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4524-LEI-2,4524,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7063,no +4524-vitality-2,4524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7063,no 4524-LEI-3,4524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4524-vitality-3,4524,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4524-LEI-4,4524,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -47483,152 +47669,152 @@ Southern variety (Urtsun): N35 29.530 E71 42.089",bib2117,no 4528-location-2,4528,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4528-speaker_number-1,4528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4528-speakers-1,4528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""530"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4528-speaker_number-2,4528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -4528-speakers-2,4528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no +4528-speaker_number-2,4528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +4528-speakers-2,4528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""328"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no 4528-speaker_number-3,4528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes 4528-speakers-3,4528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""530"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,yes 4528-LEI-1,4528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4528-vitality-1,4528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4528-LEI-2,4528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is possibly under pressure from Ketengban and Indonesian.,bib3266,no -4528-vitality-2,4528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is possibly under pressure from Ketengban and Indonesian.,bib3266,no +4528-LEI-2,4528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is possibly under pressure from Ketengban and Indonesian.,bib3282,no +4528-vitality-2,4528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is possibly under pressure from Ketengban and Indonesian.,bib3282,no 4528-LEI-3,4528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4528-vitality-3,4528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4530-location-1,4530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.70664484, 130.7862123]]}",,,bib1182,no +4530-location-1,4530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.70664484, 130.7862123]]}",,,bib1191,no 4530-speaker_number-1,4530,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4530-speakers-1,4530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4530-speaker_number-2,4530,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4530-speakers-2,4530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4530-speaker_number-2,4530,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4530-speakers-2,4530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4530-speaker_number-3,4530,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 4530-speakers-3,4530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 4530-LEI-1,4530,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4530-vitality-1,4530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4530-LEI-2,4530,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4530-transmission-2,4530,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7422,yes -4530-speaker_number_trends-2,4530,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -4530-vitality-2,4530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7422,yes +4530-LEI-2,4530,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4530-transmission-2,4530,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7446,yes +4530-speaker_number_trends-2,4530,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +4530-vitality-2,4530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7446,yes 4530-LEI-3,4530,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4530-vitality-3,4530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4531-speaker_number-1,4531,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5709,no -4531-speakers-1,4531,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000-250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5709,no +4531-speaker_number-1,4531,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5733,no +4531-speakers-1,4531,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000-250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5733,no 4531-speaker_number-2,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4531-speakers-2,4531,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4531-speaker_number-3,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4531-speakers-3,4531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4531-speaker_number-3,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4531-speakers-3,4531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4531-speaker_number-4,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4531-speakers-4,4531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4531-speaker_number-5,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3728,yes -4531-speakers-5,4531,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3728,yes -4531-LEI-1,4531,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5709,no -4531-vitality-1,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5709,no +4531-speaker_number-5,4531,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3747,yes +4531-speakers-5,4531,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3747,yes +4531-LEI-1,4531,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5733,no +4531-vitality-1,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5733,no 4531-LEI-2,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no 4531-vitality-2,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,no -4531-LEI-3,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4531-vitality-3,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4531-LEI-3,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4531-vitality-3,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4531-LEI-4,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4531-vitality-4,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4531-LEI-5,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3728,yes -4531-vitality-5,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3728,yes -4533-location-1,4533,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.7685, 29.902]]}",,,bib5307,no +4531-LEI-5,4531,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3747,yes +4531-vitality-5,4531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3747,yes +4533-location-1,4533,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.7685, 29.902]]}",,,bib5330,no 4533-location-2,4533,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4533-speaker_number-1,4533,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4533-speakers-1,4533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4533-speaker_number-1,4533,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4533-speakers-1,4533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4533-speaker_number-2,4533,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4533-speakers-2,4533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4533-speaker_number-3,4533,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(1998 local),bib67,yes 4533-speakers-3,4533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(1998 local),bib67,yes -4533-LEI-1,4533,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4533-vitality-1,4533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4533-LEI-1,4533,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4533-vitality-1,4533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4533-LEI-2,4533,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4533-vitality-2,4533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4533-LEI-3,4533,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4533-vitality-3,4533,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4534-context-1,4534,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Southern Yamphu is predominantly used in family gatherings and puja/prayer whereas singing, counting, and shopping are mostly in Nepali. A mixed use between Southern Yamphu and Nepali takes place on a daily basis.",bib3540,yes -4534-location-1,4534,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.4266, 87.2498]]}",,,bib5307,no -4534-location-2,4534,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasabha district, Matsyapokhari VDC (Devitar), and Dhankuta district""}",,,bib3540,yes +4534-context-1,4534,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Southern Yamphu is predominantly used in family gatherings and puja/prayer whereas singing, counting, and shopping are mostly in Nepali. A mixed use between Southern Yamphu and Nepali takes place on a daily basis.",bib3558,yes +4534-location-1,4534,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.4266, 87.2498]]}",,,bib5330,no +4534-location-2,4534,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuwasabha district, Matsyapokhari VDC (Devitar), and Dhankuta district""}",,,bib3558,yes 4534-location-3,4534,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no 4534-speaker_number-1,4534,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4534-speakers-1,4534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,761"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4534-speaker_number-2,4534,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Hanβon (1991) estimated that there were 3000-5000 Yamphe speakers.,bib3540,yes -4534-speakers-2,4534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Hanβon (1991) estimated that there were 3000-5000 Yamphe speakers.,bib3540,yes +4534-speaker_number-2,4534,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Hanβon (1991) estimated that there were 3000-5000 Yamphe speakers.,bib3558,yes +4534-speakers-2,4534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Hanβon (1991) estimated that there were 3000-5000 Yamphe speakers.,bib3558,yes 4534-speaker_number-3,4534,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4534-speakers-3,4534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 4534-LEI-1,4534,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4534-vitality-1,4534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4534-LEI-2,4534,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3540,yes -4534-transmission-2,4534,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3540,yes -4534-domains_of_use-2,4534,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3540,yes -4534-speaker_number_trends-2,4534,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3540,yes -4534-vitality-2,4534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3540,yes +4534-LEI-2,4534,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3558,yes +4534-transmission-2,4534,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3558,yes +4534-domains_of_use-2,4534,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib3558,yes +4534-speaker_number_trends-2,4534,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3558,yes +4534-vitality-2,4534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3558,yes 4534-LEI-3,4534,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4534-vitality-3,4534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4535-location-1,4535,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.8679, 53.4924]]}",,,bib5307,no +4535-location-1,4535,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.8679, 53.4924]]}",,,bib5330,no 4535-location-2,4535,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.4, 53.0]]}",,,bib75,no 4535-location-3,4535,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -4535-speaker_number-1,4535,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4535-speakers-1,4535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4535-speaker_number-1,4535,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4535-speakers-1,4535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4535-speaker_number-2,4535,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2006 census.,bib67,yes 4535-speakers-2,4535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2006 census.,bib67,yes -4535-LEI-1,4535,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4535-vitality-1,4535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4535-LEI-1,4535,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4535-vitality-1,4535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4535-LEI-2,4535,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4535-vitality-2,4535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4536-context-1,4536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib1913,yes -4536-location-1,4536,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.153903, 167.357442]]}",,,bib7945,no -4536-location-2,4536,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.138655, 167.358687]]}",,,bib395,no -4536-location-3,4536,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1913,yes +4536-context-1,4536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib1925,yes +4536-location-1,4536,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.153903, 167.357442]]}",,,bib7970,no +4536-location-2,4536,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.138655, 167.358687]]}",,,bib396,no +4536-location-3,4536,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1925,yes 4536-location-4,4536,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4536-speaker_number-1,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4536-speakers-1,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4536-speaker_number-2,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4536-speakers-2,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -4536-speaker_number-3,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1913,yes -4536-speakers-3,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1913,yes +4536-speaker_number-2,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4536-speakers-2,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +4536-speaker_number-3,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1925,yes +4536-speakers-3,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1925,yes 4536-speaker_number-4,4536,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4536-speakers-4,4536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""680"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4536-LEI-1,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4536-vitality-1,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4536-LEI-2,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4536-vitality-2,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4536-LEI-3,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -4536-vitality-3,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes +4536-LEI-2,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4536-vitality-2,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4536-LEI-3,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +4536-vitality-3,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes 4536-LEI-4,4536,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4536-vitality-4,4536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4537-context-1,4537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew""}",,,bib3051,no +4537-context-1,4537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hebrew""}",,,bib3065,no 4537-location-1,4537,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel"", ""Iraq""]}",,,bib67,yes -4537-location-2,4537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.0837, 42.405488]]}",,,bib3725,no -4537-location-3,4537,location,"{""Description"": ""The cluster of dialects which comprises Lishana Deni includes the Jewish speakers of Amidya, Aradhin, Atrush, Barashe, Betanure, Challa, Gzira, Dohok, Kara, Nerwa, and Zakho.""}",,,bib2567,no -4537-location-4,4537,location,"{""Places"": [""Kurdistan"", ""Iraq""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.6, 43.3]]}",,,bib3051,no -4537-location-5,4537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7748, 35.1013]]}",,,bib5307,no +4537-location-2,4537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.0837, 42.405488]]}",,,bib3744,no +4537-location-3,4537,location,"{""Description"": ""The cluster of dialects which comprises Lishana Deni includes the Jewish speakers of Amidya, Aradhin, Atrush, Barashe, Betanure, Challa, Gzira, Dohok, Kara, Nerwa, and Zakho.""}",,,bib2580,no +4537-location-4,4537,location,"{""Places"": [""Kurdistan"", ""Iraq""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.6, 43.3]]}",,,bib3065,no +4537-location-5,4537,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.7748, 35.1013]]}",,,bib5330,no 4537-speaker_number-1,4537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,500 (1999 H. Mutzafi). Ethnic population: 9,061.",bib67,yes 4537-speakers-1,4537,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,061"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,500 (1999 H. Mutzafi). Ethnic population: 9,061.",bib67,yes -4537-speaker_number-2,4537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4537-speakers-2,4537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4537-speaker_number-2,4537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4537-speakers-2,4537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4537-speaker_number-3,4537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4537-speakers-3,4537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4537-LEI-1,4537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4537-vitality-1,4537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4537-LEI-2,4537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4537-vitality-2,4537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4537-LEI-2,4537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4537-vitality-2,4537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4537-LEI-3,4537,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4537-vitality-3,4537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4540-location-1,4540,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6193, 58.5653]]}",,,bib5307,no -4540-location-2,4540,location,"{""Description"": ""[Speakers of Lawatiyya] are mostly concentrated in the capital area of Muscat. A small number of families, however, are also found in the coastal towns of Saham, Barka, Khabura and Musana (Peterson, 2004).""}",,,bib4134,yes +4540-location-1,4540,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.6193, 58.5653]]}",,,bib5330,no +4540-location-2,4540,location,"{""Description"": ""[Speakers of Lawatiyya] are mostly concentrated in the capital area of Muscat. A small number of families, however, are also found in the coastal towns of Saham, Barka, Khabura and Musana (Peterson, 2004).""}",,,bib4154,yes 4540-location-3,4540,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.633219, 58.491547]]}",,,bib75,no 4540-location-4,4540,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""]}",,,bib67,no -4540-speaker_number-1,4540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4540-speakers-1,4540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4540-speaker_number-1,4540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4540-speakers-1,4540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4540-speaker_number-2,4540,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"No official statistics are available to the public as to the actual numbers of the various ethnolinguistic minorities -in [Oman], however, estimates of the Lawatiya community in the 1970s range from 5,000 to 10,000 (Peterson, 2004) and 30,000 to 50,000 in 2010, or 3 per cent of the national population (Valeri, 2010).",bib4134,yes +in [Oman], however, estimates of the Lawatiya community in the 1970s range from 5,000 to 10,000 (Peterson, 2004) and 30,000 to 50,000 in 2010, or 3 per cent of the national population (Valeri, 2010).",bib4154,yes 4540-speakers-2,4540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"No official statistics are available to the public as to the actual numbers of the various ethnolinguistic minorities -in [Oman], however, estimates of the Lawatiya community in the 1970s range from 5,000 to 10,000 (Peterson, 2004) and 30,000 to 50,000 in 2010, or 3 per cent of the national population (Valeri, 2010).",bib4134,yes +in [Oman], however, estimates of the Lawatiya community in the 1970s range from 5,000 to 10,000 (Peterson, 2004) and 30,000 to 50,000 in 2010, or 3 per cent of the national population (Valeri, 2010).",bib4154,yes 4540-speaker_number-3,4540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4540-speakers-3,4540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4540-speaker_number-4,4540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 (1996)",bib67,no 4540-speakers-4,4540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 (1996)",bib67,no -4540-LEI-1,4540,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4540-vitality-1,4540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4540-LEI-2,4540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4134,yes -4540-vitality-2,4540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4134,yes +4540-LEI-1,4540,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4540-vitality-1,4540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4540-LEI-2,4540,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4154,yes +4540-vitality-2,4540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4154,yes 4540-LEI-3,4540,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4540-vitality-3,4540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4540-LEI-4,4540,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -47636,100 +47822,100 @@ in [Oman], however, estimates of the Lawatiya community in the 1970s range from 4541-location-1,4541,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa Region, Mayo-Banyo division, Bankim subdivision. A section of Atta."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.085, 11.486]]}",,,bib67,yes 4541-speaker_number-1,4541,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4541-speakers-1,4541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4541-speakers-2,4541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,,bib1785,no +4541-speakers-2,4541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,,bib1797,no 4541-speaker_number-3,4541,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,No known L1 Speakers.,bib67,yes 4541-speakers-3,4541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,No known L1 Speakers.,bib67,yes 4541-LEI-1,4541,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4541-vitality-1,4541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4541-LEI-2,4541,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4541-vitality-2,4541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4542-context-1,4542,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib2402,yes -4542-location-1,4542,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5, 104.1333]]}",,,bib5307,no -4542-location-2,4542,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""B\u1ea3n M\u00e1y, Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec District, X\u00edn M\u1ea7n Township, H\u00e0 Giang Province, Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.818, 104.571]]}",,,bib2402,yes +4542-context-1,4542,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib2415,yes +4542-location-1,4542,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5, 104.1333]]}",,,bib5330,no +4542-location-2,4542,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""B\u1ea3n M\u00e1y, Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec District, X\u00edn M\u1ea7n Township, H\u00e0 Giang Province, Vietnam."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.818, 104.571]]}",,,bib2415,yes 4542-location-3,4542,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -4542-speaker_number-1,4542,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4542-speakers-1,4542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4542-speakers-2,4542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Jerold A. Edmondson (2008:659) states that he was told by Vietnamese scholars that they are not able to find speakers of White Lachi any longer.,bib2402,yes +4542-speaker_number-1,4542,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4542-speakers-1,4542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4542-speakers-2,4542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Jerold A. Edmondson (2008:659) states that he was told by Vietnamese scholars that they are not able to find speakers of White Lachi any longer.,bib2415,yes 4542-speaker_number-3,4542,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""300 households."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Min Liang (1990).",bib67,no 4542-speakers-3,4542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,602"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""300 households."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Min Liang (1990).",bib67,no -4542-LEI-1,4542,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4542-vitality-1,4542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4542-LEI-2,4542,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2402,yes -4542-vitality-2,4542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2402,yes +4542-LEI-1,4542,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4542-vitality-1,4542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4542-LEI-2,4542,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2415,yes +4542-vitality-2,4542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2415,yes 4542-LEI-3,4542,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4542-vitality-3,4542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4543-context-1,4543,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Lahu; Hani; Dai; Wa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7950,yes -4543-context-2,4543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lahu, Chinese""}",,Most Laomian speak Lahu as well as Chinese and some other local languages.,bib1205,no -4543-location-1,4543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6833, 99.25]]}",,,bib5307,no -4543-location-2,4543,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern border area of Yunnan Province, China, in an area, which adjoins Thailand and Myanmar.""}",,,bib7950,yes -4543-location-3,4543,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Burma""], ""Description"": ""China: Yunnan, one cluster of three villages in north central Lancang County and two clusters of three villages in northern Menglian County. Also three further villages in Burma to the west of Menglian.""}",,,bib1205,no +4543-context-1,4543,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""many""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Lahu; Hani; Dai; Wa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib7975,yes +4543-context-2,4543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lahu, Chinese""}",,Most Laomian speak Lahu as well as Chinese and some other local languages.,bib1214,no +4543-location-1,4543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6833, 99.25]]}",,,bib5330,no +4543-location-2,4543,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern border area of Yunnan Province, China, in an area, which adjoins Thailand and Myanmar.""}",,,bib7975,yes +4543-location-3,4543,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Burma""], ""Description"": ""China: Yunnan, one cluster of three villages in north central Lancang County and two clusters of three villages in northern Menglian County. Also three further villages in Burma to the west of Menglian.""}",,,bib1214,no 4543-location-4,4543,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.75, 100.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4543-location-5,4543,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""]}",,,bib67,no -4543-speaker_number-1,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4543-speakers-1,4543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4543-speaker_number-2,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,now under the Lahu nationality,bib7950,yes -4543-speakers-2,4543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000 (as of 1985)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,now under the Lahu nationality,bib7950,yes -4543-speaker_number-3,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Over 5,000 group members in China, about 2,000 in Burma.",bib1205,no -4543-speakers-3,4543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Over 5,000 group members in China, about 2,000 in Burma.",bib1205,no +4543-speaker_number-1,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4543-speakers-1,4543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4543-speaker_number-2,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,now under the Lahu nationality,bib7975,yes +4543-speakers-2,4543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000 (as of 1985)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,now under the Lahu nationality,bib7975,yes +4543-speaker_number-3,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Over 5,000 group members in China, about 2,000 in Burma.",bib1214,no +4543-speakers-3,4543,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Over 5,000 group members in China, about 2,000 in Burma.",bib1214,no 4543-speaker_number-4,4543,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4543-speakers-4,4543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4543-LEI-1,4543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4543-vitality-1,4543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4543-LEI-1,4543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4543-vitality-1,4543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4543-LEI-2,4543,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The distribution of the Laomian and Laopin people has led to a complex language usage situation. Their original mother tongues are usually only spoken within their own communities. In villages that are predominantly Laomian or Laopin, these languages are spoken within the villages themselves; whereas in villages which include different ethnic groups, their use is confined to the home in some of the households of Laomian or Laopin speakers. In markets or other public places outside the village, and when communicating with other ethnic groups, they use the main local ethnic language and have been doing so far a long time. Lahu is spoken in Lancang, Menglian, and Ximeng Counties, while Dai is the local language in Menghai County. Therefore, the vast majority of Laomian and Laopin people are at least bilingual, especially the Laomian who live in heterogeneous communities. Most of them can speak one or more other ethnic languages, which nearly always includes Lahu. The other languages spoken are, in descending order, Dai, Hani and Wa. Due to prolonged restriction in its domains of usage, Laomian is not being transmitted to children in those villages where they live among other ethnic groups. Increasing numbers of young people are abandoning Laomian and shifting to Lahu. Therefore, the average age of Laomian speakers in such villages in increasing. In some villages, only those over the ages of sixty or seventy can still speak Laomian. -Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7950,yes +Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7975,yes 4543-transmission-2,4543,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""The distribution of the Laomian and Laopin people has led to a complex language usage situation. Their original mother tongues are usually only spoken within their own communities. In villages that are predominantly Laomian or Laopin, these languages are spoken within the villages themselves; whereas in villages which include different ethnic groups, their use is confined to the home in some of the households of Laomian or Laopin speakers. In markets or other public places outside the village, and when communicating with other ethnic groups, they use the main local ethnic language and have been doing so far a long time. Lahu is spoken in Lancang, Menglian, and Ximeng Counties, while Dai is the local language in Menghai County. Therefore, the vast majority of Laomian and Laopin people are at least bilingual, especially the Laomian who live in heterogeneous communities. Most of them can speak one or more other ethnic languages, which nearly always includes Lahu. The other languages spoken are, in descending order, Dai, Hani and Wa. Due to prolonged restriction in its domains of usage, Laomian is not being transmitted to children in those villages where they live among other ethnic groups. Increasing numbers of young people are abandoning Laomian and shifting to Lahu. Therefore, the average age of Laomian speakers in such villages in increasing. In some villages, only those over the ages of sixty or seventy can still speak Laomian. -Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7950,yes +Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7975,yes 4543-domains_of_use-2,4543,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""The distribution of the Laomian and Laopin people has led to a complex language usage situation. Their original mother tongues are usually only spoken within their own communities. In villages that are predominantly Laomian or Laopin, these languages are spoken within the villages themselves; whereas in villages which include different ethnic groups, their use is confined to the home in some of the households of Laomian or Laopin speakers. In markets or other public places outside the village, and when communicating with other ethnic groups, they use the main local ethnic language and have been doing so far a long time. Lahu is spoken in Lancang, Menglian, and Ximeng Counties, while Dai is the local language in Menghai County. Therefore, the vast majority of Laomian and Laopin people are at least bilingual, especially the Laomian who live in heterogeneous communities. Most of them can speak one or more other ethnic languages, which nearly always includes Lahu. The other languages spoken are, in descending order, Dai, Hani and Wa. Due to prolonged restriction in its domains of usage, Laomian is not being transmitted to children in those villages where they live among other ethnic groups. Increasing numbers of young people are abandoning Laomian and shifting to Lahu. Therefore, the average age of Laomian speakers in such villages in increasing. In some villages, only those over the ages of sixty or seventy can still speak Laomian. -Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7950,yes +Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7975,yes 4543-vitality-2,4543,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""The distribution of the Laomian and Laopin people has led to a complex language usage situation. Their original mother tongues are usually only spoken within their own communities. In villages that are predominantly Laomian or Laopin, these languages are spoken within the villages themselves; whereas in villages which include different ethnic groups, their use is confined to the home in some of the households of Laomian or Laopin speakers. In markets or other public places outside the village, and when communicating with other ethnic groups, they use the main local ethnic language and have been doing so far a long time. Lahu is spoken in Lancang, Menglian, and Ximeng Counties, while Dai is the local language in Menghai County. Therefore, the vast majority of Laomian and Laopin people are at least bilingual, especially the Laomian who live in heterogeneous communities. Most of them can speak one or more other ethnic languages, which nearly always includes Lahu. The other languages spoken are, in descending order, Dai, Hani and Wa. Due to prolonged restriction in its domains of usage, Laomian is not being transmitted to children in those villages where they live among other ethnic groups. Increasing numbers of young people are abandoning Laomian and shifting to Lahu. Therefore, the average age of Laomian speakers in such villages in increasing. In some villages, only those over the ages of sixty or seventy can still speak Laomian. -Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7950,yes -4543-LEI-3,4543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"More than half of the remaining Laomian population in China lives mixed in Lahu-majority villages. Not all of the remaining Laomian can speak the language; it is endangered, especially in the most economically advanced village, Nanya in Menglian, where it is being replaced by Chinese and Lahu.",bib1205,no -4543-vitality-3,4543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"More than half of the remaining Laomian population in China lives mixed in Lahu-majority villages. Not all of the remaining Laomian can speak the language; it is endangered, especially in the most economically advanced village, Nanya in Menglian, where it is being replaced by Chinese and Lahu.",bib1205,no +Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minority areas. The influence of the Chinese language on the social life of ethnic minorities has become increasingly marked, with rapid spread of Chinese and development of multilingualism. This general trend has directly affected Laomian and Laopin, in that Chinese has now become an important language spoken by Laomian and Laopin people. Not only in villages where they live among other ethnic groups, but even in villages which are predominantly Laomian and Laopin, there has been a marked increase in the number of people who can also speak Chinese."" (p.101)",bib7975,yes +4543-LEI-3,4543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"More than half of the remaining Laomian population in China lives mixed in Lahu-majority villages. Not all of the remaining Laomian can speak the language; it is endangered, especially in the most economically advanced village, Nanya in Menglian, where it is being replaced by Chinese and Lahu.",bib1214,no +4543-vitality-3,4543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"More than half of the remaining Laomian population in China lives mixed in Lahu-majority villages. Not all of the remaining Laomian can speak the language; it is endangered, especially in the most economically advanced village, Nanya in Menglian, where it is being replaced by Chinese and Lahu.",bib1214,no 4543-LEI-4,4543,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 4543-vitality-4,4543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -4545-context-1,4545,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Neve'ei and Northeast Malakula"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Neve'ei and Northeast Malakula""}",,,bib1915,yes -4545-location-1,4545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.1216, 167.4337]]}",,,bib5307,no -4545-location-2,4545,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.154074, 167.481766]]}",,,bib395,no -4545-location-3,4545,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula. Spoken today in a few coastal villages around Litzlitz."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.114, 167.439]]}",,"Naman was traditionaly spoken over a substantial area of what is often referred to as the Dog's Neck in central Malakula, from the mouth of the Aup river to Bushmans bay. The traditional area of language use also extended quite far inland.",bib1915,yes +4545-context-1,4545,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Neve'ei and Northeast Malakula"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community speaks Neve'ei and Northeast Malakula""}",,,bib1927,yes +4545-location-1,4545,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.1216, 167.4337]]}",,,bib5330,no +4545-location-2,4545,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.154074, 167.481766]]}",,,bib396,no +4545-location-3,4545,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula. Spoken today in a few coastal villages around Litzlitz."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.114, 167.439]]}",,"Naman was traditionaly spoken over a substantial area of what is often referred to as the Dog's Neck in central Malakula, from the mouth of the Aup river to Bushmans bay. The traditional area of language use also extended quite far inland.",bib1927,yes 4545-location-4,4545,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -4545-speaker_number-1,4545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4545-speakers-1,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -4545-speaker_number-2,4545,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -4545-speakers-2,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no -4545-speaker_number-3,4545,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Naman is spoken only by a handful of adults and elderly community members.,bib1915,yes -4545-speakers-3,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Naman is spoken only by a handful of adults and elderly community members.,bib1915,yes +4545-speaker_number-1,4545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4545-speakers-1,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +4545-speaker_number-2,4545,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +4545-speakers-2,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no +4545-speaker_number-3,4545,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Naman is spoken only by a handful of adults and elderly community members.,bib1927,yes +4545-speakers-3,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Naman is spoken only by a handful of adults and elderly community members.,bib1927,yes 4545-speaker_number-4,4545,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4545-speakers-4,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4545-speaker_number-5,4545,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,15 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 4545-speakers-5,4545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,15 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -4545-LEI-1,4545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4545-vitality-1,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4545-LEI-2,4545,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4545-vitality-2,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4545-LEI-3,4545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1915,yes -4545-transmission-3,4545,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1915,yes -4545-domains_of_use-3,4545,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1915,yes -4545-speaker_number_trends-3,4545,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1915,yes -4545-vitality-3,4545,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1915,yes +4545-LEI-1,4545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4545-vitality-1,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4545-LEI-2,4545,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4545-vitality-2,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4545-LEI-3,4545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1927,yes +4545-transmission-3,4545,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1927,yes +4545-domains_of_use-3,4545,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1927,yes +4545-speaker_number_trends-3,4545,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1927,yes +4545-vitality-3,4545,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is rarely used. The only situations where Naman can be used are when the few remaining older speakers converse to each other. There are essentially no Naman speaking households. One speaker has insisted on speaking only Naman to his two sons, but they respond in Neve'ei.",bib1927,yes 4545-LEI-4,4545,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4545-vitality-4,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4545-LEI-5,4545,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4545-vitality-5,4545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4565-context-1,4565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Arabic, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Documentation and description is taking place alongside mother-tongue literacy initiatives from ADPLB, FAPLN, and SIL.""}",,,bib4743,yes +4565-context-1,4565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Arabic, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Documentation and description is taking place alongside mother-tongue literacy initiatives from ADPLB, FAPLN, and SIL.""}",,,bib4765,yes 4565-context-2,4565,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Arabic""}",,Also use Chadian Spoken Arabic [shu].,bib67,no -4565-location-1,4565,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 30 to 40 villages in the Guera region of central Chad.""}",,,bib4744,no -4565-location-2,4565,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in town of Melfi, and thirty of towns in the Guera region of Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.0326, 17.563]]}",,,bib4743,yes +4565-location-1,4565,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 30 to 40 villages in the Guera region of central Chad.""}",,,bib4766,no +4565-location-2,4565,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in town of Melfi, and thirty of towns in the Guera region of Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.0326, 17.563]]}",,,bib4765,yes 4565-location-3,4565,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Gu\u00e9ra region, Bahr Signaka Department, Melfi Subprefecture, west (Jalkia), south, southwest (Komi), and east (Sakaya) of Melfi."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.06677, 17.933586]]}",,,bib67,no -4565-speaker_number-1,4565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4744,no -4565-speakers-1,4565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4744,no -4565-speaker_number-2,4565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4743,yes -4565-speakers-2,4565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4743,yes +4565-speaker_number-1,4565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4766,no +4565-speakers-1,4565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4766,no +4565-speaker_number-2,4565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4765,yes +4565-speakers-2,4565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4765,yes 4565-speaker_number-3,4565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4565-speakers-3,4565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4565-LEI-1,4565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4744,no -4565-vitality-1,4565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4744,no -4565-LEI-2,4565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4743,yes -4565-vitality-2,4565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4743,yes +4565-LEI-1,4565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4766,no +4565-vitality-1,4565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4766,no +4565-LEI-2,4565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4765,yes +4565-vitality-2,4565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4765,yes 4565-LEI-3,4565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4565-vitality-3,4565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4567-context-1,4567,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Spoken Arabic, Kenga"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most also use Chadian Spoken Arabic [shu], Some also use Kenga [kyq].",bib67,yes @@ -47738,62 +47924,62 @@ Over the past decade, rapid economic development has opened up many ethnic minor 4567-speakers-1,4567,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,560"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4567-LEI-1,4567,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4567-vitality-1,4567,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4569-speaker_number-1,4569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[The Sengwer] population was claimed to be up to 50,000 in the 20th century, but it has descended to below 6,000 persons.",bib4192,yes -4569-speakers-1,4569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"[The Sengwer] population was claimed to be up to 50,000 in the 20th century, but it has descended to below 6,000 persons.",bib4192,yes -4569-LEI-1,4569,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4192,yes -4569-vitality-1,4569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4192,yes -4570-context-1,4570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ts\u2019ixadam language committee""}",,"All participants [in the orthography workshop] felt that writing Ts’ixadam is an important step towards raising self-esteem and pride in the cultural heritage, also among the younger generation.",bib2586,yes -4570-location-1,4570,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Mababe, the only remaining Ts\u2019ixa village... is located between the Moremi Game Reserve and the Chobe National Park, i.e. in a remote area of Ngamiland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-19.088076, 24.301758]]}",,,bib2586,yes -4570-location-2,4570,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Village of Mababe""}",,The Ts'ixakhoe live in a small village called Mababe on the east side of the Okavango delta.,bib7651,no -4570-location-3,4570,location,"{""Description"": ""Mababe area, Botswana""}",,,bib7615,no -4570-speaker_number-1,4570,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2586,yes -4570-speakers-1,4570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2586,yes -4570-LEI-1,4570,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2586,yes -4570-transmission-1,4570,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2586,yes -4570-vitality-1,4570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2586,yes -4571-location-1,4571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.5703, 2.2892]]}",,,bib5307,no +4569-speaker_number-1,4569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[The Sengwer] population was claimed to be up to 50,000 in the 20th century, but it has descended to below 6,000 persons.",bib4212,yes +4569-speakers-1,4569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"[The Sengwer] population was claimed to be up to 50,000 in the 20th century, but it has descended to below 6,000 persons.",bib4212,yes +4569-LEI-1,4569,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4212,yes +4569-vitality-1,4569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4212,yes +4570-context-1,4570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Ts\u2019ixadam language committee""}",,"All participants [in the orthography workshop] felt that writing Ts’ixadam is an important step towards raising self-esteem and pride in the cultural heritage, also among the younger generation.",bib2599,yes +4570-location-1,4570,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Mababe, the only remaining Ts\u2019ixa village... is located between the Moremi Game Reserve and the Chobe National Park, i.e. in a remote area of Ngamiland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-19.088076, 24.301758]]}",,,bib2599,yes +4570-location-2,4570,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Village of Mababe""}",,The Ts'ixakhoe live in a small village called Mababe on the east side of the Okavango delta.,bib7676,no +4570-location-3,4570,location,"{""Description"": ""Mababe area, Botswana""}",,,bib7640,no +4570-speaker_number-1,4570,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2599,yes +4570-speakers-1,4570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2599,yes +4570-LEI-1,4570,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2599,yes +4570-transmission-1,4570,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2599,yes +4570-vitality-1,4570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Ts’ixa language is threatened as many children receive their formal education in boarding schools, in which they are alienated, not only to their environment and culture, but also to their language. Many young Ts’ixa feel more comfortable in speaking Setswana and English, i.e. the languages they are educated in, than in their heritage language.",bib2599,yes +4571-location-1,4571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.5703, 2.2892]]}",,,bib5330,no 4571-location-2,4571,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""]}",,,bib67,yes -4571-speaker_number-1,4571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4571-speakers-1,4571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4571-speaker_number-1,4571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4571-speakers-1,4571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4571-speaker_number-2,4571,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4571-speakers-2,4571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,764"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4571-speaker_number-3,4571,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4571-speakers-3,4571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4571-LEI-1,4571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4571-vitality-1,4571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4571-LEI-1,4571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4571-vitality-1,4571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4571-LEI-2,4571,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4571-vitality-2,4571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4571-LEI-3,4571,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4571-vitality-3,4571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4572-context-1,4572,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most young people""}",,"Arabic, as the result of a long-standing policy of Arabization by the Khartoum government, dominates in these areas... Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. This behavior seems to be based on a shared ingrained and perhaps subconscious belief among younger adults that Uncunwee is a tribal language that is inferior to Arabic, thus marking its users with a social stigma.",bib1770,yes -4572-context-2,4572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Due to heavy pressure from Arabic, the lingua franca and only official language in Sudan, the indigenous languages, which have low status and lack official support, are severely threatened by extinction (Mugaddam & Dimmendaal 2006). In the ethnolinguistically highly heterogeneous Nuba Mountains there are several factors that work to spread the use of Arabic at the expense of Uncunwee and other indigenous languages. Perhaps the two most powerful causes of this shift are the high percentage of ethnically and linguistically mixed marriages and the high degree of labor and forced migration to cities such as Khartoum and Cairo. The language shift from Uncunwee to Arabic is attested both by the high percentage of children whose first language is Arabic rather than Uncunwee and by the dwindling number of monolingual Uncunwee speakers (Patriarchi & Rottland 1995).",bib1959,no -4572-location-1,4572,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Uncu, an agrarian people living in the Uncu area, located south of the town of Dilling in the Nuba Mountains area of the Sudanese state of South Kordofan.""}",,,bib1770,yes -4572-location-2,4572,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Our main field site is located in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan. The Uncu Area encompasses a group of Uncu villages situated to the south of Dilling, South Kordofan's second largest town... We have also collected data in the settlement of Haj Yusef, located in North Khartoum, and among Uncu refugees living in Cairo."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.92379, 29.66011]]}",,,bib1959,no +4572-context-1,4572,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most young people""}",,"Arabic, as the result of a long-standing policy of Arabization by the Khartoum government, dominates in these areas... Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. This behavior seems to be based on a shared ingrained and perhaps subconscious belief among younger adults that Uncunwee is a tribal language that is inferior to Arabic, thus marking its users with a social stigma.",bib1782,yes +4572-context-2,4572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Due to heavy pressure from Arabic, the lingua franca and only official language in Sudan, the indigenous languages, which have low status and lack official support, are severely threatened by extinction (Mugaddam & Dimmendaal 2006). In the ethnolinguistically highly heterogeneous Nuba Mountains there are several factors that work to spread the use of Arabic at the expense of Uncunwee and other indigenous languages. Perhaps the two most powerful causes of this shift are the high percentage of ethnically and linguistically mixed marriages and the high degree of labor and forced migration to cities such as Khartoum and Cairo. The language shift from Uncunwee to Arabic is attested both by the high percentage of children whose first language is Arabic rather than Uncunwee and by the dwindling number of monolingual Uncunwee speakers (Patriarchi & Rottland 1995).",bib1971,no +4572-location-1,4572,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Uncu, an agrarian people living in the Uncu area, located south of the town of Dilling in the Nuba Mountains area of the Sudanese state of South Kordofan.""}",,,bib1782,yes +4572-location-2,4572,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Our main field site is located in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan. The Uncu Area encompasses a group of Uncu villages situated to the south of Dilling, South Kordofan's second largest town... We have also collected data in the settlement of Haj Yusef, located in North Khartoum, and among Uncu refugees living in Cairo."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.92379, 29.66011]]}",,,bib1971,no 4572-location-3,4572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.0, 31.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4572-location-4,4572,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Kordofan, 2 hills 45 km south of Dilling: Ghulfan Kurgul and Ghulfan Morung.""}",,,bib67,no 4572-speaker_number-1,4572,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Although reliable current figures are -impossible to come by, there are certainly fewer speakers in the Uncu area now than indicated by Stevenson’s (1984) estimate of 16,000.",bib1770,yes +impossible to come by, there are certainly fewer speakers in the Uncu area now than indicated by Stevenson’s (1984) estimate of 16,000.",bib1782,yes 4572-speakers-1,4572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Although reliable current figures are -impossible to come by, there are certainly fewer speakers in the Uncu area now than indicated by Stevenson’s (1984) estimate of 16,000.",bib1770,yes -4572-speaker_number-2,4572,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Though there are no current reliable estimates of the number of Uncunwee speakers, it is likely that there are fewer than the 16,000 speakers estimated by Stevenson in 1984.",bib1959,no -4572-speakers-2,4572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Though there are no current reliable estimates of the number of Uncunwee speakers, it is likely that there are fewer than the 16,000 speakers estimated by Stevenson in 1984.",bib1959,no +impossible to come by, there are certainly fewer speakers in the Uncu area now than indicated by Stevenson’s (1984) estimate of 16,000.",bib1782,yes +4572-speaker_number-2,4572,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Though there are no current reliable estimates of the number of Uncunwee speakers, it is likely that there are fewer than the 16,000 speakers estimated by Stevenson in 1984.",bib1971,no +4572-speakers-2,4572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Though there are no current reliable estimates of the number of Uncunwee speakers, it is likely that there are fewer than the 16,000 speakers estimated by Stevenson in 1984.",bib1971,no 4572-speaker_number-3,4572,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data from R. Stevenson (1984), population decreasing.",bib67,no 4572-speakers-3,4572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data from R. Stevenson (1984), population decreasing.",bib67,no -4572-LEI-1,4572,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1770,yes -4572-transmission-1,4572,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1770,yes -4572-domains_of_use-1,4572,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1770,yes -4572-speaker_number_trends-1,4572,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1770,yes -4572-vitality-1,4572,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1770,yes -4572-LEI-2,4572,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1959,no -4572-transmission-2,4572,transmission,3,transmission-3,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1959,no -4572-vitality-2,4572,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1959,no +4572-LEI-1,4572,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1782,yes +4572-transmission-1,4572,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1782,yes +4572-domains_of_use-1,4572,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1782,yes +4572-speaker_number_trends-1,4572,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1782,yes +4572-vitality-1,4572,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The endangered status of Uncunwee and other Kordofan Nubian dialects is widely recognized by their speakers and linguists alike. One indicator of this status is the dwindling numbers of mother-tongue speakers... Especially in the Nuba Mountains Uncu area, if not in the Uncu communities in Khartoum, the elder generation has acquired Uncunwee as a first language but their children tend to grow up with Arabic as a first language. Uncunwee is used in family and community domains in the Nuba Mountains, but not as a language of instruction in the schools or as a lingua franca outside of the Kordofan Nubian group... Perhaps the most serious threat to the existence of Uncunwee lies in the area of first language acquisition. Even in the remotest villages, there is now a growing trend among young mothers, themselves schooled in Arabic, to raise their children as monolingual Arabic speakers.",bib1782,yes +4572-LEI-2,4572,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1971,no +4572-transmission-2,4572,transmission,3,transmission-3,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1971,no +4572-vitality-2,4572,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"We have noticed a trend in even the remotest Uncu villages of young mothers raising their children as monolingual Arabic speakers. Given this and other previously-mentioned conditions, it is appears that Uncunwee is in serious danger of becoming moribund, where no Uncu children will be native speakers of the language, and of moving in the end stage of language obsolescence.",bib1971,no 4572-LEI-3,4572,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4572-vitality-3,4572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4573-location-1,4573,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Province of Macenta in the southeast of Guinea. The Zialo area covers over 50 villages (including two centers of subprefectures). Nearly a third of all Zialo live now in the nearby towns of Macenta and Gekedou, as well as in the city of Conakry."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.542064, -9.471687], [8.56201, -10.137737], [9.538881, -13.676361]]}",,,bib631,yes -4573-speaker_number-1,4573,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib631,yes -4573-speakers-1,4573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib631,yes -4573-LEI-1,4573,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib631,yes -4573-vitality-1,4573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib631,yes +4573-location-1,4573,location,"{""Places"": [""Republic of Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Province of Macenta in the southeast of Guinea. The Zialo area covers over 50 villages (including two centers of subprefectures). Nearly a third of all Zialo live now in the nearby towns of Macenta and Gekedou, as well as in the city of Conakry."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.542064, -9.471687], [8.56201, -10.137737], [9.538881, -13.676361]]}",,,bib634,yes +4573-speaker_number-1,4573,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib634,yes +4573-speakers-1,4573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib634,yes +4573-LEI-1,4573,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib634,yes +4573-vitality-1,4573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib634,yes 4585-context-1,4585,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Spoken Arabic""}",,Most men also speak Chadian Spoken Arabic [shu] ( Boyd 1989).,bib67,yes 4585-location-1,4585,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Gu\u00e9ra region, Bahr Signaka Department, Melfi Subprefecture, north and northwest of Melfi, Gogmi to Badanga."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.423495, 17.706802]]}",,,bib67,yes 4585-speaker_number-1,4585,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes @@ -47807,71 +47993,71 @@ impossible to come by, there are certainly fewer speakers in the Uncu area now t 4586-LEI-1,4586,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4586-vitality-1,4586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4587-context-1,4587,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Spoken Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most also use Chadian Spoken Arabic [shu].,bib67,yes -4587-location-1,4587,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Zan, Chinguil.""}",,,bib1197,no +4587-location-1,4587,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Zan, Chinguil.""}",,,bib1206,no 4587-location-2,4587,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Melfi Prefecture, Chinguil Subprefecture, northwest of Lake Iro."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.395975, 19.136604]]}",,,bib67,yes -4587-speaker_number-1,4587,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1197,no -4587-speakers-1,4587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1197,no +4587-speaker_number-1,4587,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1206,no +4587-speakers-1,4587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1206,no 4587-speaker_number-2,4587,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4587-speakers-2,4587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4587-LEI-1,4587,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1197,no -4587-vitality-1,4587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1197,no +4587-LEI-1,4587,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1206,no +4587-vitality-1,4587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1206,no 4587-LEI-2,4587,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4587-vitality-2,4587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4588-location-1,4588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.75, 17.75]]}",,,bib216,no -4588-speakers-1,4588,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1992""}",,,bib649,no +4588-speakers-1,4588,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1992""}",,,bib653,no 4588-speaker_number-2,4588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""1,000 in the city of Sarh and 400 in Niou dialect."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.",bib67,yes 4588-speakers-2,4588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""1,000 in the city of Sarh and 400 in Niou dialect."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.",bib67,yes 4588-LEI-1,4588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4588-vitality-1,4588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4589-context-1,4589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib6944,no -4589-context-2,4589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Maba, Tama, Zaghawa""}",,"50 %% of the interviewed individuals indicated a high level of proficiency in Chadian Arabic (level 4 or 5 of the Foreign Service Institute Scale, level 5 being that of a native speaker). But there are also monolingual Amdang with a very low level of Chadian Arabic.",bib7889,yes -4589-location-1,4589,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[Grimes (1984)] suggests that Mimi is spoken north of Biltine in East Central Chad and possibly also in Sudan.""}",,,bib6944,no +4589-context-1,4589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib6968,no +4589-context-2,4589,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Maba, Tama, Zaghawa""}",,"50 %% of the interviewed individuals indicated a high level of proficiency in Chadian Arabic (level 4 or 5 of the Foreign Service Institute Scale, level 5 being that of a native speaker). But there are also monolingual Amdang with a very low level of Chadian Arabic.",bib7914,yes +4589-location-1,4589,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[Grimes (1984)] suggests that Mimi is spoken north of Biltine in East Central Chad and possibly also in Sudan.""}",,,bib6968,no 4589-location-2,4589,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Wadi Fira region, Biltine Departement, Biltine Sous-Pr\u00e9fecture, Mimi Goz and Mimi Hadjer cantons north of Biltine"", ""Coordinates"": [[14.62478, 20.944645], [13.719374, 20.768572]]}",,"""La langue amdang est parlée dans presque tous les villages des cantons de Mimi Goz et de Mimi Hadjer. La langue amdang est aussi parlée dans d’autres régions du Tchad, car il y a des villages amdang dans plusieurs sous-préfectures du Ouaddaï et du Batha et des Amdang un 43 peu partout au Tchad. Dans la plupart des villages amdang on continue à parler l’amdang avec les Amdang, par exemple à Kouchane-Tayero, dans la sous-préfecture de Goz Beïda."" -[English paraphrase] Spoken in the Biltine, Ouaddaï, and Batha departments; spoken in almost all the villages in the Mimi Goz and Mimi Hadjer cantons.",bib7889,yes -4589-speaker_number-1,4589,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The 1956 Population Census of Sudan counted only eight speakers of Mima.,bib6944,no -4589-speakers-1,4589,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The 1956 Population Census of Sudan counted only eight speakers of Mima.,bib6944,no +[English paraphrase] Spoken in the Biltine, Ouaddaï, and Batha departments; spoken in almost all the villages in the Mimi Goz and Mimi Hadjer cantons.",bib7914,yes +4589-speaker_number-1,4589,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The 1956 Population Census of Sudan counted only eight speakers of Mima.,bib6968,no +4589-speakers-1,4589,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The 1956 Population Census of Sudan counted only eight speakers of Mima.,bib6968,no 4589-speaker_number-2,4589,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"41,100 (2000). Population now greater in Batha and Ouaddaï regions than in the home region of Wadi Fira.",bib67,no 4589-speakers-2,4589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""41,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"41,100 (2000). Population now greater in Batha and Ouaddaï regions than in the home region of Wadi Fira.",bib67,no -4589-LEI-1,4589,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4589-vitality-1,4589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4589-LEI-1,4589,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4589-vitality-1,4589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4589-LEI-2,4589,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Dans le canton de Mimi Goz, l’amdang domine dans la communication des Amdang entre eux. [...] La première langue des enfants amdang est l’amdang. La plupart des enfants parlent l’amdang plus souvent que l’arabe."" -[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7889,yes +[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7914,yes 4589-transmission-2,4589,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Dans le canton de Mimi Goz, l’amdang domine dans la communication des Amdang entre eux. [...] La première langue des enfants amdang est l’amdang. La plupart des enfants parlent l’amdang plus souvent que l’arabe."" -[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7889,yes +[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7914,yes 4589-domains_of_use-2,4589,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Dans le canton de Mimi Goz, l’amdang domine dans la communication des Amdang entre eux. [...] La première langue des enfants amdang est l’amdang. La plupart des enfants parlent l’amdang plus souvent que l’arabe."" -[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7889,yes +[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7914,yes 4589-vitality-2,4589,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Dans le canton de Mimi Goz, l’amdang domine dans la communication des Amdang entre eux. [...] La première langue des enfants amdang est l’amdang. La plupart des enfants parlent l’amdang plus souvent que l’arabe."" -[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7889,yes +[English paraphrase] Most Amdang children speak Amdang as a first language, and speak Amdang more often than Arabic. The Amdang generally speak Amdang amongst themselves.",bib7914,yes 4589-LEI-3,4589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4589-vitality-3,4589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4590-location-1,4590,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib6944,no +4590-location-1,4590,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib6968,no 4590-location-2,4590,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Tandjil\u00e9 region, Tandjil\u00e9 Est Department, La\u00ef Subprefecture, northeast of La\u00ef, and southeast of Bousso d\u2019B\u00e9r\u00e9."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.801091, 17.412506]]}",,,bib67,yes -4590-speaker_number-1,4590,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4590-speakers-1,4590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +4590-speaker_number-1,4590,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4590-speakers-1,4590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 4590-speaker_number-2,4590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,500 (1990 census)",bib67,yes 4590-speakers-2,4590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,500 (1990 census)",bib67,yes -4590-LEI-1,4590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4590-vitality-1,4590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4590-LEI-1,4590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4590-vitality-1,4590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4590-LEI-2,4590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4590-vitality-2,4590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4592-context-1,4592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic for reading the Koran"", ""French in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Arabic, Kibushi Malagasy""}",,,bib1659,no +4592-context-1,4592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Arabic for reading the Koran"", ""French in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Arabic, Kibushi Malagasy""}",,,bib1671,no 4592-context-2,4592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Malagasy""}",,"The official language, French, is the native language of less than 1% of the population, but it is widely spoken by younger speakers, who learn it to a near-native level in school. Around 30% of the population has Malagasy as its native language, with about one-third of the villages of Mayotte being Malagasy-speaking. Shimaore and the other dialects of Comorian are the native language of approximately 70% of the population, and Shimaore is widely spoken by native Malagasy speakers. Shimaore has traditionally been the language of communication between Shimaore speakers and Malagasy speakers, although this tendency is under increasing pressure from French.... young people are using less and less Shimaore and more and more French in their daily interactions. -Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaore and French.",bib419,yes +Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaore and French.",bib420,yes 4592-location-1,4592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0, 44.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4592-speaker_number-1,4592,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""92,800 in Mayotte"" (Johnstone 1993).",bib67,no 4592-speakers-1,4592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""97,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""92,800 in Mayotte"" (Johnstone 1993).",bib67,no -4592-LEI-1,4592,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib419,yes -4592-domains_of_use-1,4592,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib419,yes -4592-speaker_number_trends-1,4592,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib419,yes -4592-vitality-1,4592,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib419,yes +4592-LEI-1,4592,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib420,yes +4592-domains_of_use-1,4592,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib420,yes +4592-speaker_number_trends-1,4592,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib420,yes +4592-vitality-1,4592,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib420,yes 4592-LEI-2,4592,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4592-vitality-2,4592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4593-location-1,4593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.5, 27.0]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -47887,7 +48073,7 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4596-speakers-1,4596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4596-LEI-1,4596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4596-vitality-1,4596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4597-location-1,4597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.984789, 18.515156]]}",,,bib7945,no +4597-location-1,4597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.984789, 18.515156]]}",,,bib7970,no 4597-speaker_number-1,4597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4597-speakers-1,4597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4597-LEI-1,4597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -47901,33 +48087,33 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4599-speakers-1,4599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 in Congo (Johnstone 1993).",bib67,yes 4599-LEI-1,4599,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4599-vitality-1,4599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4600-context-1,4600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Lingala"", ""Ngbandi"", ""Mbanza""]}",,Lingala is widely spoken; also Ngbandi and Mbanza.,bib3076,no -4600-location-1,4600,location,"{""Places"": [""Gbendere village, Libenge Territory, South Mbandja""], ""Description"": ""The users of this Dialect are scattered among the South Mbandja, e.g. at the village of Gbendere... in Libenge Territory.""}",,,bib3206,no -4600-location-2,4600,location,"{""Places"": [""Gbendere Village, Kungu and Libenge districts, Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""In Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur Province, Kungu and Libenge districts, around Esobe River and in village of Gbendere.""}",,,bib3076,no -4600-speaker_number-1,4600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3076,no -4600-speakers-1,4600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3076,no +4600-context-1,4600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Lingala"", ""Ngbandi"", ""Mbanza""]}",,Lingala is widely spoken; also Ngbandi and Mbanza.,bib3090,no +4600-location-1,4600,location,"{""Places"": [""Gbendere village, Libenge Territory, South Mbandja""], ""Description"": ""The users of this Dialect are scattered among the South Mbandja, e.g. at the village of Gbendere... in Libenge Territory.""}",,,bib3221,no +4600-location-2,4600,location,"{""Places"": [""Gbendere Village, Kungu and Libenge districts, Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""In Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur Province, Kungu and Libenge districts, around Esobe River and in village of Gbendere.""}",,,bib3090,no +4600-speaker_number-1,4600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3090,no +4600-speakers-1,4600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3090,no 4600-speaker_number-2,4600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data SIL(1986).,bib67,yes 4600-speakers-2,4600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data SIL(1986).,bib67,yes -4600-LEI-1,4600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3076,no -4600-vitality-1,4600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3076,no +4600-LEI-1,4600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3090,no +4600-vitality-1,4600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3090,no 4600-LEI-2,4600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4600-vitality-2,4600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4601-speaker_number-1,4601,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4601-speakers-1,4601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4601-LEI-1,4601,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4601-vitality-1,4601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4603-context-1,4603,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tigre, Tigrinya, Arabic, English, Amharic"", ""Government Support"": ""Blin Language Panel of the National Curriculum of the Ministry of Education"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Committee for Developing Blin Language and Culture"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib2559,no -4603-context-2,4603,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tigre, Tigrinya, Arabic, English, Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The language policy of the Eritrean government is to encourage mother-tongue education for native speakers of each of its nine ethnolinguistic groups through primary school (Chefena, Kroon and Walters 1999). When this was implemented for the Blin in 1997, the government provided Blin curricular materials in the language using a new Roman-based alphabet. This overturned a 110-year tradition of writing Blin in Ethiopic script.",bib2558,yes +4603-context-1,4603,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tigre, Tigrinya, Arabic, English, Amharic"", ""Government Support"": ""Blin Language Panel of the National Curriculum of the Ministry of Education"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Committee for Developing Blin Language and Culture"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib2572,no +4603-context-2,4603,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tigre, Tigrinya, Arabic, English, Amharic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The language policy of the Eritrean government is to encourage mother-tongue education for native speakers of each of its nine ethnolinguistic groups through primary school (Chefena, Kroon and Walters 1999). When this was implemented for the Blin in 1997, the government provided Blin curricular materials in the language using a new Roman-based alphabet. This overturned a 110-year tradition of writing Blin in Ethiopic script.",bib2571,yes 4603-location-1,4603,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.75, 38.5]]}",,,bib216,no -4603-speaker_number-1,4603,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2558,yes -4603-speakers-1,4603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~90,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2558,yes +4603-speaker_number-1,4603,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2571,yes +4603-speakers-1,4603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~90,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2571,yes 4603-speaker_number-2,4603,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4603-speakers-2,4603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""91,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4603-LEI-1,4603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2559,no -4603-domains_of_use-1,4603,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2559,no -4603-vitality-1,4603,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2559,no -4603-LEI-2,4603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2558,yes -4603-vitality-2,4603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2558,yes +4603-LEI-1,4603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2572,no +4603-domains_of_use-1,4603,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2572,no +4603-vitality-1,4603,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"There exists a daily radio program in Blin, 'Dehai Gebaylakh' ('Voice of the Masses')",bib2572,no +4603-LEI-2,4603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2571,yes +4603-vitality-2,4603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2571,yes 4603-LEI-3,4603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4603-vitality-3,4603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4604-location-1,4604,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Nord-Kivu Province, Walikale Territory, Kabunga area."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.42327, 28.072025]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -47935,102 +48121,102 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4604-speakers-1,4604,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 (Welmers 1971)",bib67,yes 4604-LEI-1,4604,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4604-vitality-1,4604,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4607-context-1,4607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo""}",,,bib5117,no -4607-location-1,4607,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western borderlands of Ethiopia""}",,,bib5117,no +4607-context-1,4607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo""}",,,bib5139,no +4607-location-1,4607,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western borderlands of Ethiopia""}",,,bib5139,no 4607-speaker_number-1,4607,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,yes 4607-speakers-1,4607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,yes -4607-LEI-1,4607,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5117,no -4607-transmission-1,4607,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5117,no -4607-domains_of_use-1,4607,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5117,no -4607-vitality-1,4607,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5117,no +4607-LEI-1,4607,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5139,no +4607-transmission-1,4607,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5139,no +4607-domains_of_use-1,4607,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5139,no +4607-vitality-1,4607,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Currently, Sezo-speaking people are shifting to the well-established Oromo language of the region. Mengistu has found that Sezo is typically only used in homes and is not being transmitted to the next generation.",bib5139,no 4607-LEI-2,4607,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4607-vitality-2,4607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4608-context-1,4608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Borana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The Burji living in Kenya speak Borana (Oromo) today.,bib6944,no +4608-context-1,4608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Borana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,The Burji living in Kenya speak Borana (Oromo) today.,bib6968,no 4608-location-1,4608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, 37.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4608-location-2,4608,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4608-location-3,4608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1857, 37.9248]]}",,,bib5307,no -4608-location-4,4608,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia"", ""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia (south of Lake Chamo) and Kenya, in the high altitude areas of Marsabit, especially around urban centres like Marsabit and Moyale.""}",,,bib6944,no +4608-location-3,4608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.1857, 37.9248]]}",,,bib5330,no +4608-location-4,4608,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia"", ""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia (south of Lake Chamo) and Kenya, in the high altitude areas of Marsabit, especially around urban centres like Marsabit and Moyale.""}",,,bib6968,no 4608-speaker_number-1,4608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4608-speakers-1,4608,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46,565"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""46,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4608-speaker_number-2,4608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4608-speakers-2,4608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4608-speaker_number-2,4608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4608-speakers-2,4608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4608-speaker_number-3,4608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 4608-speakers-3,4608,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46552"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,731"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no 4608-speaker_number-4,4608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4608-speakers-4,4608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,731"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4608-LEI-1,4608,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4608-vitality-1,4608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4608-LEI-2,4608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4608-vitality-2,4608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4608-LEI-2,4608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4608-vitality-2,4608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4608-LEI-3,4608,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 4608-vitality-3,4608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 4608-LEI-4,4608,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4608-vitality-4,4608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4608-LEI-5,4608,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4608-transmission-5,4608,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6944,no -4608-vitality-5,4608,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6944,no -461-location-1,461,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Dong village in Taraba State, Nigeria. Dong is some 25 km. south-east of Monkin and directly due east of Yoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.739864, 11.845802]]}",,,bib2087,no +4608-LEI-5,4608,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4608-transmission-5,4608,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6968,no +4608-vitality-5,4608,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6968,no +461-location-1,461,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Dong village in Taraba State, Nigeria. Dong is some 25 km. south-east of Monkin and directly due east of Yoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.739864, 11.845802]]}",,,bib2100,no 461-speaker_number-1,461,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 461-speakers-1,461,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 461-LEI-1,461,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 461-vitality-1,461,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4610-context-1,4610,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Spoken Arabic; Uduk; Mabaan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Ganza believe that, if they are taught well, it would be good for them to read and write in their mother tongue. Ganza is good to speak in their area. Young people are proud of the Ganza language, and they love it. It is significant to the Ganza that their language is passed from generation to generation. They would like to have stories about their history available in their language. They feel that Ganza would be the best language for a teacher to use in school, but there is no one to teach it.",bib4344,no -4610-location-1,4610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.274808, 35.136644]]}",,,bib7945,no -4610-location-2,4610,location,"{""Places"": [""Blue Nile Province, Sudan"", ""Western Oromo, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Other villages where Ganza/Gwami is \nspoken include Tugubele, Korbum, Darsoma, and Yeshkab. Yamasala, Ethiopia is a village where Ganza is also spoken. Apparently, all the people living in Dahmoh speak Ganza.""}",,,bib4344,no -4610-speaker_number-1,4610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2004, the number of Ganza speakers was reportedly 5,400 [...] there may be approximately 2,600 speakers of Ganza in Sudan, in addition to those in Ethiopia.",bib4344,no -4610-speakers-1,4610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2004, the number of Ganza speakers was reportedly 5,400 [...] there may be approximately 2,600 speakers of Ganza in Sudan, in addition to those in Ethiopia.",bib4344,no +4610-context-1,4610,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sudanese Spoken Arabic; Uduk; Mabaan"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Ganza believe that, if they are taught well, it would be good for them to read and write in their mother tongue. Ganza is good to speak in their area. Young people are proud of the Ganza language, and they love it. It is significant to the Ganza that their language is passed from generation to generation. They would like to have stories about their history available in their language. They feel that Ganza would be the best language for a teacher to use in school, but there is no one to teach it.",bib4365,no +4610-location-1,4610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.274808, 35.136644]]}",,,bib7970,no +4610-location-2,4610,location,"{""Places"": [""Blue Nile Province, Sudan"", ""Western Oromo, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Other villages where Ganza/Gwami is \nspoken include Tugubele, Korbum, Darsoma, and Yeshkab. Yamasala, Ethiopia is a village where Ganza is also spoken. Apparently, all the people living in Dahmoh speak Ganza.""}",,,bib4365,no +4610-speaker_number-1,4610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In 2004, the number of Ganza speakers was reportedly 5,400 [...] there may be approximately 2,600 speakers of Ganza in Sudan, in addition to those in Ethiopia.",bib4365,no +4610-speakers-1,4610,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In 2004, the number of Ganza speakers was reportedly 5,400 [...] there may be approximately 2,600 speakers of Ganza in Sudan, in addition to those in Ethiopia.",bib4365,no 4610-speaker_number-2,4610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4610-speakers-2,4610,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,291"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4610-LEI-1,4610,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4344,no -4610-transmission-1,4610,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4344,no -4610-domains_of_use-1,4610,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4344,no -4610-speaker_number_trends-1,4610,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4344,no -4610-vitality-1,4610,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4344,no +4610-LEI-1,4610,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4365,no +4610-transmission-1,4610,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4365,no +4610-domains_of_use-1,4610,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4365,no +4610-speaker_number_trends-1,4610,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4365,no +4610-vitality-1,4610,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4365,no 4610-LEI-2,4610,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4610-vitality-2,4610,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4612-context-1,4612,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta""}",,,bib7615,yes -4612-location-1,4612,location,"{""Description"": ""West of Lake Ch'amo, Ethiopia""}",,,bib7615,yes +4612-context-1,4612,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolaytta""}",,,bib7640,yes +4612-location-1,4612,location,"{""Description"": ""West of Lake Ch'amo, Ethiopia""}",,,bib7640,yes 4612-speaker_number-1,4612,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,no 4612-speakers-1,4612,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1142"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,no -4612-speaker_number-2,4612,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,yes -4612-speakers-2,4612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,yes +4612-speaker_number-2,4612,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,yes +4612-speakers-2,4612,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,yes 4612-LEI-1,4612,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 4612-vitality-1,4612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no -4612-LEI-2,4612,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4612-vitality-2,4612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4613-context-1,4613,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyangatom"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib3512,no -4613-location-1,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""At the present time the Murle are based in two locations. Their primary area is the land bordering the Pibor, Lotilla, and Veveno Rivers... The secondary location of the Murle is the Boma Hills, located 90 miles to the southeast of Pibor.""}",,,bib539,no -4613-location-2,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia, southwestern part, in the vicinity of the Nyangatom who live along the Kibish River.""}",,,bib6944,no -4613-location-3,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Scattered in the villages (Aepa, Kachule, Nachukul) along the western bank of the Omo River about 80km upstream from the Lake Turkana in the extreme southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3512,no +4612-LEI-2,4612,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4612-vitality-2,4612,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4613-context-1,4613,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyangatom"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib3530,no +4613-location-1,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""At the present time the Murle are based in two locations. Their primary area is the land bordering the Pibor, Lotilla, and Veveno Rivers... The secondary location of the Murle is the Boma Hills, located 90 miles to the southeast of Pibor.""}",,,bib542,no +4613-location-2,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia, southwestern part, in the vicinity of the Nyangatom who live along the Kibish River.""}",,,bib6968,no +4613-location-3,4613,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Scattered in the villages (Aepa, Kachule, Nachukul) along the western bank of the Omo River about 80km upstream from the Lake Turkana in the extreme southwestern corner of Ethiopia.""}",,,bib3530,no 4613-location-4,4613,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.5, 33.5]]}",,,bib216,no -4613-speaker_number-1,4613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population figures for the lowland Murle vary. Before the present civil strife they were estimated to be 30,000, but this figure may now be inaccurate because of the war... [the Boma Hills Murle population is] smaller, numbering about 5,000 people.",bib539,no -4613-speakers-1,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population figures for the lowland Murle vary. Before the present civil strife they were estimated to be 30,000, but this figure may now be inaccurate because of the war... [the Boma Hills Murle population is] smaller, numbering about 5,000 people.",bib539,no -4613-speakers-2,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\""Practically extinct\"" (Omo-Murle dialect only)"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few women are rememberers.""}",,This source refers only to the Omo-Murle dialect of Murle.,bib6944,no -4613-speaker_number-3,4613,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,All of [the Omo-Murle people] except for four old men and five old women speak the Nyangatom language as their first language. The Omo-Murle language will soon be absolutely extinct after the oldest generation dies out.,bib3512,no -4613-speakers-3,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9 (Omo-Murle dialect only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,All of [the Omo-Murle people] except for four old men and five old women speak the Nyangatom language as their first language. The Omo-Murle language will soon be absolutely extinct after the oldest generation dies out.,bib3512,no +4613-speaker_number-1,4613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population figures for the lowland Murle vary. Before the present civil strife they were estimated to be 30,000, but this figure may now be inaccurate because of the war... [the Boma Hills Murle population is] smaller, numbering about 5,000 people.",bib542,no +4613-speakers-1,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population figures for the lowland Murle vary. Before the present civil strife they were estimated to be 30,000, but this figure may now be inaccurate because of the war... [the Boma Hills Murle population is] smaller, numbering about 5,000 people.",bib542,no +4613-speakers-2,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\""Practically extinct\"" (Omo-Murle dialect only)"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""A few women are rememberers.""}",,This source refers only to the Omo-Murle dialect of Murle.,bib6968,no +4613-speaker_number-3,4613,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,All of [the Omo-Murle people] except for four old men and five old women speak the Nyangatom language as their first language. The Omo-Murle language will soon be absolutely extinct after the oldest generation dies out.,bib3530,no +4613-speakers-3,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9 (Omo-Murle dialect only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,All of [the Omo-Murle people] except for four old men and five old women speak the Nyangatom language as their first language. The Omo-Murle language will soon be absolutely extinct after the oldest generation dies out.,bib3530,no 4613-speaker_number-4,4613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"60,000 in Sudan (SIL 1982).",bib67,yes 4613-speakers-4,4613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"60,000 in Sudan (SIL 1982).",bib67,yes -4613-LEI-1,4613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib539,no -4613-vitality-1,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib539,no -4613-LEI-2,4613,LEI,Dormant,,,bib6944,no -4613-vitality-2,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6944,no -4613-LEI-3,4613,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3512,no -4613-vitality-3,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3512,no +4613-LEI-1,4613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib542,no +4613-vitality-1,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib542,no +4613-LEI-2,4613,LEI,Dormant,,,bib6968,no +4613-vitality-2,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6968,no +4613-LEI-3,4613,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3530,no +4613-vitality-3,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3530,no 4613-LEI-4,4613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4613-vitality-4,4613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4614-location-1,4614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.895878, 11.227831]]}",,,bib7945,no +4614-location-1,4614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.895878, 11.227831]]}",,,bib7970,no 4614-speaker_number-1,4614,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CMA (1990).,bib67,yes 4614-speakers-1,4614,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CMA (1990).,bib67,yes 4614-LEI-1,4614,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4614-vitality-1,4614,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4615-location-1,4615,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seki wordt in Gabon en door zo'n 11.000 mesen aan de kust van Equatoriaal-Guinea gesproken.""}",,,bib6267,no +4615-location-1,4615,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seki wordt in Gabon en door zo'n 11.000 mesen aan de kust van Equatoriaal-Guinea gesproken.""}",,,bib6291,no 4615-location-2,4615,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea"", ""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Northwest coast, Cocobeach area [in Gabon]. Coastal [in Equatorial Guinea]."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.994728, 9.575589], [1.048792, 9.586919]]}",,,bib67,yes -4615-speaker_number-1,4615,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6267,no -4615-speakers-1,4615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6267,no +4615-speaker_number-1,4615,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6291,no +4615-speakers-1,4615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6291,no 4615-speaker_number-2,4615,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,000 in Equatorial Guinea (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Population total all countries: 14,690.",bib67,yes 4615-speakers-2,4615,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,690"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,000 in Equatorial Guinea (Johnstone and Mandryk 2001). Population total all countries: 14,690.",bib67,yes -4615-LEI-1,4615,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6267,no -4615-vitality-1,4615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6267,no +4615-LEI-1,4615,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6291,no +4615-vitality-1,4615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6291,no 4615-LEI-2,4615,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4615-vitality-2,4615,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4616-location-1,4616,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Ogooue-Lolo Province, between Sindare and Mimongo."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.292157, 10.925697]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -48039,14 +48225,14 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4616-LEI-1,4616,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4616-vitality-1,4616,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4617-context-1,4617,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wali""}",,,bib67,no -4617-location-1,4617,location,"{""Description"": ""A group of villages at the east end of the Wa district""}",,,bib7356,yes +4617-location-1,4617,location,"{""Description"": ""A group of villages at the east end of the Wa district""}",,,bib7380,yes 4617-location-2,4617,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""East of Wa; Ducie village is largest."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.823968, -1.988876]]}",,,bib67,no -4617-speaker_number-1,4617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7356,yes -4617-speakers-1,4617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7356,yes +4617-speaker_number-1,4617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7380,yes +4617-speakers-1,4617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7380,yes 4617-speaker_number-2,4617,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 4617-speakers-2,4617,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -4617-LEI-1,4617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7356,yes -4617-vitality-1,4617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7356,yes +4617-LEI-1,4617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7380,yes +4617-vitality-1,4617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7380,yes 4617-LEI-2,4617,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Home. In Tuasa, only older people; in other villages children also use it. Also use Wali [wlx]. Chakali seem to accept the Wali language, but do not approve of it being used in their homes.",bib67,no 4617-vitality-2,4617,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Home. In Tuasa, only older people; in other villages children also use it. Also use Wali [wlx]. Chakali seem to accept the Wali language, but do not approve of it being used in their homes.",bib67,no 4618-speaker_number-1,4618,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes @@ -48062,7 +48248,7 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4620-LEI-1,4620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4620-vitality-1,4620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4621-context-1,4621,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pasaale [sig], Wali [wlx], Buli [bwu]""}",,,bib69,yes -4621-location-1,4621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.97, -1.93]]}",,,bib3264,no +4621-location-1,4621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.97, -1.93]]}",,,bib3280,no 4621-location-2,4621,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Upper East region: Sandema district; Navrongo, Bolgatonga, Nalerigu, and Kpaliwogo, near Wa.""}",,,bib69,yes 4621-speaker_number-1,4621,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2003 GILLBT),bib69,yes 4621-speakers-1,4621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2003 GILLBT),bib69,yes @@ -48073,12 +48259,12 @@ Codeswitching occurs a great deal among younger speakers who master both Shimaor 4622-speakers-1,4622,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4622-LEI-1,4622,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4622-vitality-1,4622,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4625-location-1,4625,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9953, -96.7449]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4625-location-1,4625,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9953, -96.7449]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4625-location-2,4625,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[18.05, -96.67]]}",,,bib75,no 4625-location-3,4625,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.75, -96.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4625-location-4,4625,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -4625-speaker_number-1,4625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -4625-speakers-1,4625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,502"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +4625-speaker_number-1,4625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +4625-speakers-1,4625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,502"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 4625-speaker_number-2,4625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4625-speakers-2,4625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4625-speaker_number-3,4625,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguishes 8 ""Mazatecan"" languages: @@ -48099,8 +48285,8 @@ Mazatec, Jalapa de Díaz [maj]: 24,200 (2005). Mazatec, Mazatlán [vmz]: Mazatec, San Jerónimo Tecóatl [maa]: 21,100 (2005). Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no -4625-LEI-1,4625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4625-vitality-1,4625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4625-LEI-1,4625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4625-vitality-1,4625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4625-LEI-2,4625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4625-vitality-2,4625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4625-LEI-3,4625,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -48116,25 +48302,25 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4626-LEI-2,4626,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4626-vitality-2,4626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4627-context-1,4627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral attitudes.""}",,,bib69,yes -4627-location-1,4627,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0478, 141.8994]]}",,,bib5307,no +4627-location-1,4627,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.0478, 141.8994]]}",,,bib5330,no 4627-location-2,4627,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, near Mari lake and on Salumei river.""}",,,bib69,yes -4627-location-3,4627,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mari village""}",,,bib4545,no -4627-speaker_number-1,4627,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4627-speakers-1,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4627-location-3,4627,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mari village""}",,,bib4566,no +4627-speaker_number-1,4627,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4627-speakers-1,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4627-speaker_number-2,4627,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Wurm),bib69,yes 4627-speakers-2,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Wurm),bib69,yes -4627-speaker_number-3,4627,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -4627-speakers-3,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no +4627-speaker_number-3,4627,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +4627-speakers-3,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no 4627-speaker_number-4,4627,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4627-speakers-4,4627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4627-LEI-1,4627,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4627-vitality-1,4627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4627-LEI-1,4627,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4627-vitality-1,4627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4627-LEI-2,4627,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Used by few children."" ""Home only.",bib69,yes 4627-transmission-2,4627,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Used by few children."" ""Home only.",bib69,yes 4627-domains_of_use-2,4627,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Used by few children."" ""Home only.",bib69,yes 4627-vitality-2,4627,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Used by few children."" ""Home only.",bib69,yes -4627-LEI-3,4627,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -4627-vitality-3,4627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no +4627-LEI-3,4627,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +4627-vitality-3,4627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no 4627-LEI-4,4627,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4627-vitality-4,4627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4630-location-1,4630,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.02, -95.28], [16.95, -95.07], [16.94, -95.47]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -48148,7 +48334,7 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4630-vitality-1,4630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4630-LEI-2,4630,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4630-vitality-2,4630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4633-location-1,4633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.164199829, 145.6166992]]}",,,bib7945,no +4633-location-1,4633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.164199829, 145.6166992]]}",,,bib7970,no 4633-location-2,4633,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4633-speaker_number-1,4633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4633-speakers-1,4633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""471"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -48158,28 +48344,28 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4633-vitality-1,4633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4633-LEI-2,4633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 4633-vitality-2,4633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes -4636-location-1,4636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.1817, 43.2751]]}",,,bib5307,yes +4636-location-1,4636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.1817, 43.2751]]}",,,bib5330,yes 4636-location-2,4636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.0, 44.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4636-location-3,4636,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -4636-speaker_number-1,4636,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,yes -4636-speakers-1,4636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,yes +4636-speaker_number-1,4636,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,yes +4636-speakers-1,4636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,yes 4636-speaker_number-2,4636,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4636-speakers-2,4636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""296,904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4636-speaker_number-3,4636,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,no 4636-speakers-3,4636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""614,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,no -4636-LEI-1,4636,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4636-vitality-1,4636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4636-LEI-1,4636,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4636-vitality-1,4636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4636-LEI-2,4636,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4636-vitality-2,4636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4636-LEI-3,4636,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4636-vitality-3,4636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4642-context-1,4642,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kanuri""}",,,bib6944,no +4642-context-1,4642,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kanuri""}",,,bib6968,no 4642-context-2,4642,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kanuri""}",,,bib67,yes -4642-location-1,4642,location,"{""Places"": [""Borno State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Borno State, Borno Division, Margi District""}",,,bib6944,no +4642-location-1,4642,location,"{""Places"": [""Borno State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Borno State, Borno Division, Margi District""}",,,bib6968,no 4642-location-2,4642,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Borno state, Damboa LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.156214, 12.759244]]}",,,bib67,yes 4642-speaker_number-1,4642,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4642-speakers-1,4642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4642-speakers-2,4642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few""}",,,bib6944,no +4642-speakers-2,4642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few""}",,,bib6968,no 4642-speaker_number-3,4642,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,yes 4642-speakers-3,4642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,yes 4642-LEI-1,4642,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -48200,8 +48386,8 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4644-location-1,4644,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib163,yes 4644-location-2,4644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.0, -108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4644-location-3,4644,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""South Sonora coast, Navojoa (Huatabampo) Area; north Sinaloa (Los Mochis, Guasave, San Jos\u00e9 R\u00edos, north of Guamuchil). 100 villages or more.""}",,"South Sonora coast, Navojoa (Huatabampo) Area; north Sinaloa (Los Mochis, Guasave, San José Ríos, north of Guamuchil). 100 villages or more.",bib67,no -4644-location-4,4644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.757111, -108.949972]]}",,,bib7945,no -4644-location-5,4644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9114, -109.6271]]}",,,bib5307,no +4644-location-4,4644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.757111, -108.949972]]}",,,bib7970,no +4644-location-5,4644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9114, -109.6271]]}",,,bib5330,no 4644-location-6,4644,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.45, -108.98]]}",,,bib75,no 4644-speaker_number-1,4644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"18,037 men; 14,665 women",bib163,yes 4644-speakers-1,4644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,702"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"18,037 men; 14,665 women",bib163,yes @@ -48211,66 +48397,66 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4644-speakers-2,4644,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"113 monolinguals (1995 census). Data for the number of native speakers also comes from the 1995 census. Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1983. 32,900 (2000 INALI). 120 monolinguals (1995 census). Ethnic population: 100,000 (1983) (2013).",bib67,no -4644-speaker_number-3,4644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4644-speakers-3,4644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,869"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4644-speaker_number-3,4644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4644-speakers-3,4644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,869"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4644-speaker_number-4,4644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4644-speakers-4,4644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4644-LEI-1,4644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib163,yes 4644-vitality-1,4644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,yes 4644-LEI-2,4644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4644-vitality-2,4644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4644-LEI-3,4644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4644-vitality-3,4644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4644-LEI-3,4644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4644-vitality-3,4644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4644-LEI-4,4644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4644-vitality-4,4644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4645-location-1,4645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0313, 29.7949]]}",,,bib5307,no +4645-location-1,4645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0313, 29.7949]]}",,,bib5330,no 4645-location-2,4645,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4645-speaker_number-1,4645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4645-speakers-1,4645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4645-speaker_number-1,4645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4645-speakers-1,4645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4645-speaker_number-2,4645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4645-speakers-2,4645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4645-speaker_number-3,4645,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""280 Biti."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).",bib67,yes 4645-speakers-3,4645,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""280 Biti."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).",bib67,yes -4645-LEI-1,4645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4645-vitality-1,4645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4645-LEI-1,4645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4645-vitality-1,4645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4645-LEI-2,4645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4645-vitality-2,4645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4645-LEI-3,4645,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4645-vitality-3,4645,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4646-context-1,4646,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The people who speak the Maklew language seem to be a small group. They also seem much less proud of their language and culture than the Marind people do. The adults in Welbuti complained to the survey team that their children do not speak their language and sometimes make fun of them for using it. The children themselves reportedly do not speak the vernacular, although they are able to understand it. This was a concern to the adults because they were afraid their language would die out; they said their language would not be spoken anymore in 20 years. Nevertheless, the survey team did notice some older women who only spoke the vernacular language and were not able to speak Indonesian.""}",,,bib4562,no +4646-context-1,4646,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The people who speak the Maklew language seem to be a small group. They also seem much less proud of their language and culture than the Marind people do. The adults in Welbuti complained to the survey team that their children do not speak their language and sometimes make fun of them for using it. The children themselves reportedly do not speak the vernacular, although they are able to understand it. This was a concern to the adults because they were afraid their language would die out; they said their language would not be spoken anymore in 20 years. Nevertheless, the survey team did notice some older women who only spoke the vernacular language and were not able to speak Indonesian.""}",,,bib4583,no 4646-location-1,4646,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Papua Province, south coast area, east side of Marianne strait, west of Marind [mrz] and east of Yelmek [jel] language areas.""}",,,bib69,no 4646-location-2,4646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.66666666667, 139.416666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4646-location-3,4646,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Welbuti village, Okaba Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.7561, 139.5049]]}",,,bib4562,no +4646-location-3,4646,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Welbuti village, Okaba Subdistrict, Merauke Regency, Papua Province, Indonesia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.7561, 139.5049]]}",,,bib4583,no 4646-speaker_number-1,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4646-speakers-1,4646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4646-speaker_number-2,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib69,no 4646-speakers-2,4646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib69,no -4646-speaker_number-3,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8260,yes -4646-speakers-3,4646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8260,yes -4646-speaker_number-4,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of Welbuti village is 226, but not everyone can speak the language.",bib4562,no -4646-speakers-4,4646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""226"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<226"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of Welbuti village is 226, but not everyone can speak the language.",bib4562,no +4646-speaker_number-3,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8285,yes +4646-speakers-3,4646,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8285,yes +4646-speaker_number-4,4646,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The population of Welbuti village is 226, but not everyone can speak the language.",bib4583,no +4646-speakers-4,4646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""226"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<226"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The population of Welbuti village is 226, but not everyone can speak the language.",bib4583,no 4646-LEI-1,4646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4646-vitality-1,4646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4646-LEI-2,4646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4646-vitality-2,4646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4646-LEI-3,4646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8260,yes -4646-vitality-3,4646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8260,yes -4646-LEI-4,4646,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4562,no -4646-transmission-4,4646,transmission,2,transmission-2,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4562,no -4646-domains_of_use-4,4646,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4562,no -4646-vitality-4,4646,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4562,no +4646-LEI-3,4646,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8285,yes +4646-vitality-3,4646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8285,yes +4646-LEI-4,4646,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4583,no +4646-transmission-4,4646,transmission,2,transmission-2,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4583,no +4646-domains_of_use-4,4646,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4583,no +4646-vitality-4,4646,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The Maklew language group is a relatively small language that is being threatened because of the many influences from the outside. This is of great concern to the adults.,bib4583,no 4647-location-1,4647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.37, 139.75]]}",,,bib75,no 4647-location-2,4647,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,no 4647-speaker_number-1,4647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,yes 4647-speakers-1,4647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""693"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,yes -4647-speaker_number-2,4647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -4647-speakers-2,4647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no +4647-speaker_number-2,4647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +4647-speakers-2,4647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no 4647-speaker_number-3,4647,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,no 4647-speakers-3,4647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006).,bib67,no 4647-LEI-1,4647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4647-vitality-1,4647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -4647-LEI-2,4647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mawes is under pressure from Indonesian.,bib3266,no -4647-vitality-2,4647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mawes is under pressure from Indonesian.,bib3266,no +4647-LEI-2,4647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mawes is under pressure from Indonesian.,bib3282,no +4647-vitality-2,4647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Mawes is under pressure from Indonesian.,bib3282,no 4647-LEI-3,4647,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4647-vitality-3,4647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4648-location-1,4648,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""], ""Description"": ""Central Timor mountains, Ainaro, Aileu, Ermera, and Manufahi districts; north coast, Bobonaro, Dili, and Liqui\u00e7\u00e1 districts; south coast, Cova Lima District.""}",,,bib69,yes @@ -48295,7 +48481,7 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4650-transmission-2,4650,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Used in low domains and to discuss high domains. For high domains, Swahili [swh] is used or mixed with Manda. All ages. Positive attitude.",bib67,yes 4650-domains_of_use-2,4650,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Used in low domains and to discuss high domains. For high domains, Swahili [swh] is used or mixed with Manda. All ages. Positive attitude.",bib67,yes 4650-vitality-2,4650,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Used in low domains and to discuss high domains. For high domains, Swahili [swh] is used or mixed with Manda. All ages. Positive attitude.",bib67,yes -4653-location-1,4653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.1384, 84.0289]]}",,,bib5307,no +4653-location-1,4653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.1384, 84.0289]]}",,,bib5330,no 4653-location-2,4653,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Odisha, Kalahandi district, Thuamul Rampur subdivision""}",,,bib67,yes 4653-speaker_number-1,4653,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4653-speakers-1,4653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,036"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -48305,7 +48491,7 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4653-vitality-1,4653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4653-LEI-3,4653,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4653-vitality-3,4653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4654-location-1,4654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.508642197, 146.5274963]]}",,,bib7945,no +4654-location-1,4654,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.508642197, 146.5274963]]}",,,bib7970,no 4654-location-2,4654,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4654-speaker_number-1,4654,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4654-speakers-1,4654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""198"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -48316,60 +48502,60 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no 4654-LEI-2,4654,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4654-vitality-2,4654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4655-location-1,4655,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4655-location-2,4655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.147622, 132.560164]]}",,,bib7945,no -4655-location-3,4655,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Arnhem Land, northern Northern Territory, on Croker Island.""]}",,,bib5309,yes -4655-speaker_number-1,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4655-speakers-1,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4655-location-2,4655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.147622, 132.560164]]}",,,bib7970,no +4655-location-3,4655,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northern Arnhem Land, northern Northern Territory, on Croker Island.""]}",,,bib5332,yes +4655-speaker_number-1,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4655-speakers-1,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4655-speaker_number-2,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 4655-speakers-2,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 4655-speaker_number-3,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4655-speakers-3,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4655-speaker_number-4,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1981, possibly four speakers were reported. Now only one speaker remaining.",bib5309,yes -4655-speakers-4,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1981, possibly four speakers were reported. Now only one speaker remaining.",bib5309,yes -4655-LEI-1,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4655-vitality-1,4655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4655-speaker_number-4,4655,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1981, possibly four speakers were reported. Now only one speaker remaining.",bib5332,yes +4655-speakers-4,4655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1981, possibly four speakers were reported. Now only one speaker remaining.",bib5332,yes +4655-LEI-1,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4655-vitality-1,4655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4655-LEI-2,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4655-vitality-2,4655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4655-LEI-3,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4655-vitality-3,4655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4655-LEI-4,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Moribund.,bib5309,yes -4655-transmission-4,4655,transmission,5,transmission-5,Moribund.,bib5309,yes -4655-domains_of_use-4,4655,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Moribund.,bib5309,yes -4655-speaker_number_trends-4,4655,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Moribund.,bib5309,yes -4655-vitality-4,4655,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Moribund.,bib5309,yes -4657-context-1,4657,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib4152,no +4655-LEI-4,4655,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Moribund.,bib5332,yes +4655-transmission-4,4655,transmission,5,transmission-5,Moribund.,bib5332,yes +4655-domains_of_use-4,4655,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Moribund.,bib5332,yes +4655-speaker_number_trends-4,4655,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Moribund.,bib5332,yes +4655-vitality-4,4655,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Moribund.,bib5332,yes +4657-context-1,4657,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib4172,no 4657-location-1,4657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0, 62.0]]}",,,bib216,no -4657-location-2,4657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3569, 61.5875]]}",,,bib5307,no -4657-location-3,4657,location,"{""Places"": [""In Afghanistan it is a residual language spoken in the area of Herat""]}",,,bib4152,no +4657-location-2,4657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.3569, 61.5875]]}",,,bib5330,no +4657-location-3,4657,location,"{""Places"": [""In Afghanistan it is a residual language spoken in the area of Herat""]}",,,bib4172,no 4657-location-4,4657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.252261, 62.272136]]}",,,bib75,no 4657-location-5,4657,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Herat Province, Kundur and Karez-i-Mulla, 2 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes -4657-speaker_number-1,4657,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4657-speakers-1,4657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4657-speakers-2,4657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few""}",,,bib4152,no +4657-speaker_number-1,4657,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4657-speakers-1,4657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4657-speakers-2,4657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few""}",,,bib4172,no 4657-speaker_number-3,4657,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4657-speakers-3,4657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4657-speakers-4,4657,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -4657-LEI-2,4657,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4657-vitality-2,4657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4657-LEI-3,4657,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4152,no -4657-transmission-3,4657,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4152,no -4657-domains_of_use-3,4657,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4152,no -4657-speaker_number_trends-3,4657,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4152,no -4657-vitality-3,4657,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4152,no +4657-LEI-2,4657,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4657-vitality-2,4657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4657-LEI-3,4657,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4172,no +4657-transmission-3,4657,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4172,no +4657-domains_of_use-3,4657,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4172,no +4657-speaker_number_trends-3,4657,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4172,no +4657-vitality-3,4657,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Today Moḡolī is almost extinct; profoundly disorganized in its vocabulary and its syntax because of its contacts with Persian, it survives mainly as a language of folklore and memories.",bib4172,no 4657-LEI-4,4657,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4657-vitality-4,4657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4657-LEI-5,4657,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4657-vitality-5,4657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4658-location-1,4658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.1194, 11.3258]]}",,,bib5307,no +4658-location-1,4658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.1194, 11.3258]]}",,,bib5330,no 4658-location-2,4658,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,yes -4658-speaker_number-1,4658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4658-speakers-1,4658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4658-speaker_number-1,4658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4658-speakers-1,4658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4658-speaker_number-2,4658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4658-speakers-2,4658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4658-speaker_number-3,4658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""400 Fierozzo, 1,000 Palú, 460 Gereut."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Zamponi (1992).",bib67,yes 4658-speakers-3,4658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""400 Fierozzo, 1,000 Palú, 460 Gereut."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Zamponi (1992).",bib67,yes -4658-LEI-1,4658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4658-vitality-1,4658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4658-LEI-1,4658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4658-vitality-1,4658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4658-LEI-2,4658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4658-vitality-2,4658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4658-LEI-3,4658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -48378,93 +48564,93 @@ Mazatec, Soyaltepec [vmp]: 27,600 (2005).",bib67,no It is possible there haven't been any monolingual Neo-Mandaic speakers for centuries, due to close contact with other language groups in minority situations. -The few remaining speakers of Neo-Mandaic are proud of their native tongue and would very much like to see it preserved... the Mandaean community in Ahvaz has recently established a Mandaic-language school for children.",bib3203,yes -4659-context-2,4659,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""in schools""}",,,bib1982,no +The few remaining speakers of Neo-Mandaic are proud of their native tongue and would very much like to see it preserved... the Mandaean community in Ahvaz has recently established a Mandaic-language school for children.",bib3218,yes +4659-context-2,4659,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""in schools""}",,,bib1994,no 4659-location-1,4659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.0, 48.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4659-location-2,4659,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Iraq""]}",,,bib67,no -4659-location-3,4659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.3348, 48.7023]]}",,,bib5307,no +4659-location-3,4659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.3348, 48.7023]]}",,,bib5330,no 4659-location-4,4659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.34, 48.81]]}",,,bib75,no -4659-location-5,4659,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Iran"", ""Sweden"", ""Australia"", ""USA"", ""Jordan"", ""Syria""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.1913, 48.4009]]}",,,bib3203,yes -4659-location-6,4659,location,"{""Places"": [""Khuzestan""], ""Description"": ""the school is in Ahwaz""}",,,bib1982,no +4659-location-5,4659,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq"", ""Iran"", ""Sweden"", ""Australia"", ""USA"", ""Jordan"", ""Syria""], ""Coordinates"": [[31.1913, 48.4009]]}",,,bib3218,yes +4659-location-6,4659,location,"{""Places"": [""Khuzestan""], ""Description"": ""the school is in Ahwaz""}",,,bib1994,no 4659-speaker_number-1,4659,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 in Iraq (2006). Population total all countries: 5,500. Ethnic population: 30,000.",bib67,no 4659-speakers-1,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 in Iraq (2006). Population total all countries: 5,500. Ethnic population: 30,000.",bib67,no -4659-speaker_number-2,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4659-speakers-2,4659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4659-speaker_number-2,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4659-speakers-2,4659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4659-speaker_number-3,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4659-speakers-3,4659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4659-speaker_number-4,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are no speakers under the age of 30, and almost all of them are fifty and older. -No consensus exists regarding the total number of all the Mandaean communities in Iraq or Iran, and the figures for the number of Neo-Mandaic speakers remaining are entirely speculative.",bib3203,yes +No consensus exists regarding the total number of all the Mandaean communities in Iraq or Iran, and the figures for the number of Neo-Mandaic speakers remaining are entirely speculative.",bib3218,yes 4659-speakers-4,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000-60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are no speakers under the age of 30, and almost all of them are fifty and older. -No consensus exists regarding the total number of all the Mandaean communities in Iraq or Iran, and the figures for the number of Neo-Mandaic speakers remaining are entirely speculative.",bib3203,yes -4659-speaker_number-5,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1982,no -4659-speakers-5,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 1,000, quite possibly less"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1982,no -4659-speaker_number-6,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -4659-speakers-6,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no +No consensus exists regarding the total number of all the Mandaean communities in Iraq or Iran, and the figures for the number of Neo-Mandaic speakers remaining are entirely speculative.",bib3218,yes +4659-speaker_number-5,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1994,no +4659-speakers-5,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 1,000, quite possibly less"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1994,no +4659-speaker_number-6,4659,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +4659-speakers-6,4659,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no 4659-LEI-1,4659,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4659-vitality-1,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4659-LEI-2,4659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4659-vitality-2,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4659-LEI-2,4659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4659-vitality-2,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4659-LEI-3,4659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4659-vitality-3,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4659-LEI-4,4659,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3203,yes -4659-transmission-4,4659,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3203,yes -4659-domains_of_use-4,4659,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3203,yes -4659-speaker_number_trends-4,4659,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3203,yes -4659-vitality-4,4659,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3203,yes -4659-LEI-5,4659,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1982,no -4659-transmission-5,4659,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1982,no -4659-vitality-5,4659,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1982,no -4659-LEI-6,4659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -4659-vitality-6,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +4659-LEI-4,4659,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3218,yes +4659-transmission-4,4659,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3218,yes +4659-domains_of_use-4,4659,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3218,yes +4659-speaker_number_trends-4,4659,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3218,yes +4659-vitality-4,4659,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mandaic is severely endangered today, and all signs indicate that it will become extinct with the current generation of speakers.",bib3218,yes +4659-LEI-5,4659,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1994,no +4659-transmission-5,4659,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1994,no +4659-vitality-5,4659,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Increase in speaker numbers in the 50s: tens of speakers to hundreds of speakers, due to support in the school system, even though it has led to the collapse of some dialect distinctions. The school taught both language and religion.",bib1994,no +4659-LEI-6,4659,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +4659-vitality-6,4659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 4660-context-1,4660,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school"", ""commerce"", ""business""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish; Creole English"", ""Government Support"": ""The official language of Nicaragua is Spanish although indigenous languages within the autonomous regions are recognized""}",,"Those who speak Spanish as a second language are generally younger, 30 at most. Despite laws allowing bilingual education (including indigenous languages), the public school curriculum is taught exclusively in Spanish. -The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at home. (2000:400)",bib2034,no +The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at home. (2000:400)",bib2046,no 4660-location-1,4660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.0, -83.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4660-location-2,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.16, -84.29]]}",,,bib75,no 4660-location-3,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua"", ""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Zalaya Department, North Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAN), from Pearl Lagoon to Black River, coast and lowlands; a concentration in Puerto Cabeza City; Prinzapolka, Tronquera, San Carlos (R\u00edo Coco), Waspam, Leimus, Bocana de Paiwas, Karawala, Sangnilaya, Wasla, Sisin, Rosita, Bonanza, Siuna, Bihmuna, and all along the R\u00edo Coco area. Also in South Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAS). Also in Honduras.""}",,"Autonomous Region of the North Atlantic, from Pearl lagoon to Black river, coast and lowlands; Puerto Cabeza city; Prinzapolka, Tronquera, San Carlos (Río Coco), Waspam, Leimus, Bocana de Paiwas, Karawala, Sangnilaya, Wasla, Sisin, Rosita, Bonanza, Siuna, Bihmuna, and all along Río Coco area; South Atlantic Autonomous Region.",bib67,no -4660-location-4,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua""]}",,,bib2034,no -4660-location-5,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua"", ""Honduras""]}",,,bib5939,yes +4660-location-4,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua""]}",,,bib2046,no +4660-location-5,4660,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua"", ""Honduras""]}",,,bib5963,yes 4660-speaker_number-1,4660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"154,000 in Nicaragua (1993 census). Population total all countries: 183,000. Ethnic population in Nicaragua: 154,400 (1993). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no 4660-speakers-1,4660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""183,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"154,000 in Nicaragua (1993 census). Population total all countries: 183,000. Ethnic population in Nicaragua: 154,400 (1993). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no -4660-speakers-2,4660,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib2034,no -4660-speaker_number-3,4660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5939,yes -4660-speakers-3,4660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5939,yes +4660-speakers-2,4660,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib2046,no +4660-speaker_number-3,4660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5963,yes +4660-speakers-3,4660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5963,yes 4660-speaker_number-4,4660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4660-speakers-4,4660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""183,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4660-LEI-1,4660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4660-vitality-1,4660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4660-LEI-2,4660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5939,yes -4660-vitality-2,4660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5939,yes +4660-LEI-2,4660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5963,yes +4660-vitality-2,4660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5963,yes 4660-LEI-3,4660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4660-vitality-3,4660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4663-context-1,4663,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Little pride in the language.""}",,,bib67,yes -4663-location-1,4663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.633490086, 145.8155365]]}",,,bib7945,no -4663-location-2,4663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Albert Mountains, Kaintiba District, Gulf Coast, Papua New Guinea"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.814405, 145.630417]]}",,"The language of the people who call themselves Akoye is spoken by approximately 800 people, most of whom live in the Albert Mountains southwest of Kanabea and north of the coast between Kerema and Ihu in Papua New Guinea.",bib7803,no +4663-location-1,4663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.633490086, 145.8155365]]}",,,bib7970,no +4663-location-2,4663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Albert Mountains, Kaintiba District, Gulf Coast, Papua New Guinea"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.814405, 145.630417]]}",,"The language of the people who call themselves Akoye is spoken by approximately 800 people, most of whom live in the Albert Mountains southwest of Kanabea and north of the coast between Kerema and Ihu in Papua New Guinea.",bib7828,no 4663-location-3,4663,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Gulf Province, Kaberofe District, valleys between Nabo Range and Albert Mountains, Lohiki River. Most in a settlement in Kerema."", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.814405, 145.675964], [-7.963272, 145.775442]]}",,,bib67,yes 4663-speaker_number-1,4663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4663-speakers-1,4663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4663-speaker_number-2,4663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7803,no -4663-speakers-2,4663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983 - 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7803,no +4663-speaker_number-2,4663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7828,no +4663-speakers-2,4663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983 - 1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7828,no 4663-speaker_number-3,4663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL. The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 4663-speakers-3,4663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL. The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 4663-LEI-1,4663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4663-vitality-1,4663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4663-LEI-2,4663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7803,no -4663-vitality-2,4663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7803,no +4663-LEI-2,4663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7828,no +4663-vitality-2,4663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7828,no 4663-LEI-3,4663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4663-vitality-3,4663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4667-location-1,4667,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the Rajmahal hills in the Santal Paraganas (northest) of Bihar""}",,,bib4358,no +4667-location-1,4667,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""spoken in the Rajmahal hills in the Santal Paraganas (northest) of Bihar""}",,,bib4379,no 4667-location-2,4667,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.81, 87.64]]}",,,bib75,no 4667-location-3,4667,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bangladesh""]}",,,bib67,yes -4667-speakers-1,4667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""108148""}",,,bib4358,no +4667-speakers-1,4667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""108148""}",,,bib4379,no 4667-speaker_number-2,4667,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4667-speakers-2,4667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4667-speaker_number-3,4667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"110,000 in India (2000).",bib67,yes @@ -48473,32 +48659,32 @@ The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at 4667-vitality-1,4667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4667-LEI-2,4667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4667-vitality-2,4667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4668-context-1,4668,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib2110,yes -4668-context-2,4668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib8246,no -4668-location-1,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""major concentration of the Majhis is found on the banks of Sunkoshi, Tamakoshi, and the adjacent areas""}",,,bib2110,yes -4668-location-2,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepali""], ""Description"": ""rivers Narayani and Saptagandaki""}",,,bib8246,no -4668-location-3,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.9208, 83.5082]]}",,,bib5307,no -4668-location-4,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal, India""]}",,"Although the main Majhi communities are in Nepal, there may also be Majhi communities in India such as in the Sikkim and Darjeeling areas.",bib2113,no -4668-speaker_number-1,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Only 29.34% of the entire population can speak the language.,bib2110,yes -4668-speakers-1,4668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""83227"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""24422"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 ccensus"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Only 29.34% of the entire population can speak the language.,bib2110,yes -4668-speaker_number-2,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -4668-speakers-2,4668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,322"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +4668-context-1,4668,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib2123,yes +4668-context-2,4668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib8271,no +4668-location-1,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""major concentration of the Majhis is found on the banks of Sunkoshi, Tamakoshi, and the adjacent areas""}",,,bib2123,yes +4668-location-2,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepali""], ""Description"": ""rivers Narayani and Saptagandaki""}",,,bib8271,no +4668-location-3,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.9208, 83.5082]]}",,,bib5330,no +4668-location-4,4668,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal, India""]}",,"Although the main Majhi communities are in Nepal, there may also be Majhi communities in India such as in the Sikkim and Darjeeling areas.",bib2126,no +4668-speaker_number-1,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Only 29.34% of the entire population can speak the language.,bib2123,yes +4668-speakers-1,4668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""83227"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""24422"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 ccensus"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Only 29.34% of the entire population can speak the language.,bib2123,yes +4668-speaker_number-2,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +4668-speakers-2,4668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,322"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 4668-speaker_number-4,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4668-speakers-4,4668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,087"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4668-speaker_number-5,4668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,no 4668-speakers-5,4668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,378"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,no -4668-LEI-1,4668,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2110,yes -4668-transmission-1,4668,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2110,yes -4668-domains_of_use-1,4668,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2110,yes -4668-speaker_number_trends-1,4668,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2110,yes -4668-vitality-1,4668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2110,yes -4668-LEI-2,4668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -4668-vitality-2,4668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +4668-LEI-1,4668,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2123,yes +4668-transmission-1,4668,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2123,yes +4668-domains_of_use-1,4668,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2123,yes +4668-speaker_number_trends-1,4668,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2123,yes +4668-vitality-1,4668,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The language has either the official status, or it is used for administration, education, and media."" (p.2)",bib2123,yes +4668-LEI-2,4668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +4668-vitality-2,4668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 4668-LEI-3,4668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4668-vitality-3,4668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4668-LEI-4,4668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 4668-vitality-4,4668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -4669-location-1,4669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.20929, -5.72944]]}",,,bib3264,no +4669-location-1,4669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.20929, -5.72944]]}",,,bib3280,no 4669-location-2,4669,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d'Ivoire""]}",,,bib67,yes 4669-speaker_number-1,4669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4669-speakers-1,4669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -48520,58 +48706,58 @@ The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at 4670-vitality-1,4670,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,yes 4670-LEI-2,4670,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4670-vitality-2,4670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4672-location-1,4672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.6864, 159.7631]]}",,,bib5307,no +4672-location-1,4672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.6864, 159.7631]]}",,,bib5330,no 4672-location-2,4672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.66666666667, 159.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4672-location-3,4672,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Mokil Atoll""}",,,bib67,yes -4672-speaker_number-1,4672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4672-speakers-1,4672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4672-speaker_number-1,4672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4672-speakers-1,4672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4672-speaker_number-2,4672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4672-speakers-2,4672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4672-speaker_number-3,4672,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,050 in Micronesia (1979 B. Bender). Fewer than 500 on Mokil Atoll.",bib67,yes 4672-speakers-3,4672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,050 in Micronesia (1979 B. Bender). Fewer than 500 on Mokil Atoll.",bib67,yes -4672-LEI-1,4672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4672-vitality-1,4672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4672-LEI-1,4672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4672-vitality-1,4672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4672-LEI-2,4672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4672-vitality-2,4672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4672-LEI-3,4672,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4672-vitality-3,4672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4673-context-1,4673,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai""}",,There is one Jadiak village south of the Moklen at the southern tip of Phuket Island; but in this village there is extensive contact with Urak Lawoi and Thai and young people no longer speak traditional Moken.,bib1205,yes -4673-location-1,4673,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.722, 98.415]]}",,Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from the Burmese border to Phuket; also a few settlements on the coast.,bib1205,yes +4673-context-1,4673,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai""}",,There is one Jadiak village south of the Moklen at the southern tip of Phuket Island; but in this village there is extensive contact with Urak Lawoi and Thai and young people no longer speak traditional Moken.,bib1214,yes +4673-location-1,4673,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.722, 98.415]]}",,Thailand: islands off the southwest coast from the Burmese border to Phuket; also a few settlements on the coast.,bib1214,yes 4673-location-2,4673,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no 4673-speaker_number-1,4673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4673-speakers-1,4673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4673-speaker_number-2,4673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1205,yes -4673-speakers-2,4673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000 (Moken and Moklen together)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1205,yes +4673-speaker_number-2,4673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1214,yes +4673-speakers-2,4673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000 (Moken and Moklen together)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"About 4,000 in Burma and about 2,000 in Thailand, some no longer following their traditional migratory fishing lifestyle and some of these not speaking the language.",bib1214,yes 4673-speaker_number-3,4673,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Hogan (1984). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no 4673-speakers-3,4673,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from D. Hogan (1984). Data for the ethnic population is from D. Bradley (2000).,bib67,no 4673-LEI-1,4673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4673-vitality-1,4673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4673-LEI-2,4673,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -4673-speaker_number_trends-2,4673,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -4673-vitality-2,4673,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +4673-LEI-2,4673,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +4673-speaker_number_trends-2,4673,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +4673-vitality-2,4673,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 4673-LEI-3,4673,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4673-vitality-3,4673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4676-context-1,4676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English""}",,"Bislama influence is strong. Much of the east coast has been settled by outsiders, resulting in localized language loss. The west coast, where most Tamambo is spoken today, is strongly influenced by Bislama, but it does not seem to be replacing Tamambo in the west.",bib3849,yes -4676-location-1,4676,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Malo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.669966, 167.167122]]}",,,bib395,no +4676-context-1,4676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama, English""}",,"Bislama influence is strong. Much of the east coast has been settled by outsiders, resulting in localized language loss. The west coast, where most Tamambo is spoken today, is strongly influenced by Bislama, but it does not seem to be replacing Tamambo in the west.",bib3868,yes +4676-location-1,4676,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo, Malo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.669966, 167.167122]]}",,,bib396,no 4676-location-2,4676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.6666666667, 167.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4676-location-3,4676,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4676-speaker_number-1,4676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4676-speakers-1,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4676-speakers-2,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000""}",,,bib395,no -4676-speaker_number-3,4676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3849,yes -4676-speakers-3,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3849,yes +4676-speakers-2,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4000""}",,,bib396,no +4676-speaker_number-3,4676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3868,yes +4676-speakers-3,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3868,yes 4676-speaker_number-4,4676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4676-speakers-4,4676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4676-LEI-1,4676,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4676-vitality-1,4676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4676-LEI-2,4676,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3849,yes -4676-transmission-2,4676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3849,yes -4676-domains_of_use-2,4676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3849,yes -4676-speaker_number_trends-2,4676,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3849,yes -4676-vitality-2,4676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3849,yes +4676-LEI-2,4676,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3868,yes +4676-transmission-2,4676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3868,yes +4676-domains_of_use-2,4676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3868,yes +4676-speaker_number_trends-2,4676,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3868,yes +4676-vitality-2,4676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some children can be found who are first language Bislama speakers, but this is still quite rare.",bib3868,yes 4676-LEI-3,4676,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4676-vitality-3,4676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4677-location-1,4677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.619209766, 147.6359863]]}",,,bib7945,no +4677-location-1,4677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.619209766, 147.6359863]]}",,,bib7970,no 4677-location-2,4677,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4677-speaker_number-1,4677,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4677-speakers-1,4677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,117"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -48581,51 +48767,51 @@ The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at 4677-vitality-1,4677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4677-LEI-2,4677,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4677-vitality-2,4677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4679-location-1,4679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7421, -16.4904]]}",,,bib5307,no +4679-location-1,4679,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7421, -16.4904]]}",,,bib5330,no 4679-location-2,4679,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""]}",,,bib67,yes -4679-speaker_number-1,4679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4679-speakers-1,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4679-speaker_number-2,4679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1685,no -4679-speakers-2,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1685,no +4679-speaker_number-1,4679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4679-speakers-1,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4679-speaker_number-2,4679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1697,no +4679-speakers-2,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1697,no 4679-speaker_number-3,4679,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4679-speakers-3,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,895"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4679-speaker_number-4,4679,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4679-speakers-4,4679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4679-LEI-1,4679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4679-vitality-1,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4679-LEI-2,4679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1685,no -4679-vitality-2,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1685,no +4679-LEI-1,4679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4679-vitality-1,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4679-LEI-2,4679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1697,no +4679-vitality-2,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1697,no 4679-LEI-3,4679,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4679-vitality-3,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4679-LEI-4,4679,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4679-vitality-4,4679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4680-location-1,4680,location,"{""Places"": [""Motalava: All villages""]}",,,bib7426,no +4680-location-1,4680,location,"{""Places"": [""Motalava: All villages""]}",,,bib7450,no 4680-location-2,4680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5833333333, 167.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4680-location-3,4680,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -4680-location-4,4680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.6433, 167.7159]]}",,,bib5307,no -4680-speaker_number-1,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7426,no -4680-speakers-1,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7426,no -4680-speaker_number-2,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1 speaker of Volow variety; 1,800 speakers of Mwotlap variety.",bib2753,no -4680-speakers-2,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,801"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1 speaker of Volow variety; 1,800 speakers of Mwotlap variety.",bib2753,no +4680-location-4,4680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.6433, 167.7159]]}",,,bib5330,no +4680-speaker_number-1,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7450,no +4680-speakers-1,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7450,no +4680-speaker_number-2,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1 speaker of Volow variety; 1,800 speakers of Mwotlap variety.",bib2767,no +4680-speakers-2,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,801"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1 speaker of Volow variety; 1,800 speakers of Mwotlap variety.",bib2767,no 4680-speaker_number-3,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4680-speakers-3,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -4680-speaker_number-4,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mwotlap is currently thriving, with as many as 2,100 speakers of all ages... Volow can now be considered extinct, since its last fluent speaker (Wanhan) died in 1986... it is still remembered today, at least passively, by its 'last hearer' (Evans 2010: 209), Wanhan's son Wolman.",bib2751,yes -4680-speakers-4,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mwotlap is currently thriving, with as many as 2,100 speakers of all ages... Volow can now be considered extinct, since its last fluent speaker (Wanhan) died in 1986... it is still remembered today, at least passively, by its 'last hearer' (Evans 2010: 209), Wanhan's son Wolman.",bib2751,yes -4680-speaker_number-5,4680,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4680-speakers-5,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4680-speaker_number-4,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Mwotlap is currently thriving, with as many as 2,100 speakers of all ages... Volow can now be considered extinct, since its last fluent speaker (Wanhan) died in 1986... it is still remembered today, at least passively, by its 'last hearer' (Evans 2010: 209), Wanhan's son Wolman.",bib2765,yes +4680-speakers-4,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Mwotlap is currently thriving, with as many as 2,100 speakers of all ages... Volow can now be considered extinct, since its last fluent speaker (Wanhan) died in 1986... it is still remembered today, at least passively, by its 'last hearer' (Evans 2010: 209), Wanhan's son Wolman.",bib2765,yes +4680-speaker_number-5,4680,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4680-speakers-5,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4680-speaker_number-6,4680,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4680-speakers-6,4680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4680-LEI-1,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,no -4680-vitality-1,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,no -4680-LEI-2,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -4680-vitality-2,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +4680-LEI-1,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,no +4680-vitality-1,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,no +4680-LEI-2,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +4680-vitality-2,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 4680-LEI-3,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4680-vitality-3,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4680-LEI-4,4680,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2751,yes -4680-transmission-4,4680,transmission,0,transmission-0,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2751,yes -4680-vitality-4,4680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2751,yes -4680-LEI-5,4680,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4680-vitality-5,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4680-LEI-4,4680,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2765,yes +4680-transmission-4,4680,transmission,0,transmission-0,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2765,yes +4680-vitality-4,4680,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,[Mwotlap is] still transmitted to children... safe from immediate endangerment.,bib2765,yes +4680-LEI-5,4680,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4680-vitality-5,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4680-LEI-6,4680,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4680-vitality-6,4680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4682-location-1,4682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.81, 139.82]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -48639,109 +48825,109 @@ The Miskito Creole English that is spoken by younger people has been learned at 4682-LEI-2,4682,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4682-vitality-2,4682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4686-location-1,4686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.07, 100.84]]}",,,bib75,no -4686-location-2,4686,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong \u666f\u6d2a Township of Jinghong City in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.""}",,,bib1670,yes +4686-location-2,4686,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong \u666f\u6d2a Township of Jinghong City in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.""}",,,bib1682,yes 4686-location-3,4686,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no 4686-speaker_number-1,4686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4686-speakers-1,4686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4686-speaker_number-2,4686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1670,yes -4686-speakers-2,4686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1670,yes +4686-speaker_number-2,4686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1682,yes +4686-speakers-2,4686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1682,yes 4686-speaker_number-3,4686,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J-O. Svantesson (1990).,bib67,no 4686-speakers-3,4686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J-O. Svantesson (1990).,bib67,no 4686-LEI-1,4686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4686-vitality-1,4686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4686-LEI-2,4686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1670,yes -4686-vitality-2,4686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1670,yes +4686-LEI-2,4686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1682,yes +4686-vitality-2,4686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1682,yes 4686-LEI-3,4686,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4686-vitality-3,4686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4687-location-1,4687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.743822, 168.165108]]}",,,bib7945,no -4687-location-2,4687,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.767142, 168.163133]]}",,,bib395,no -4687-location-3,4687,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi island.""}",,,bib2728,no +4687-location-1,4687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.743822, 168.165108]]}",,,bib7970,no +4687-location-2,4687,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.767142, 168.163133]]}",,,bib396,no +4687-location-3,4687,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi island.""}",,,bib2742,no 4687-location-4,4687,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes 4687-speaker_number-1,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4687-speakers-1,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4687-speaker_number-2,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4687-speakers-2,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -4687-speaker_number-3,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -4687-speakers-3,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no +4687-speaker_number-2,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4687-speakers-2,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +4687-speaker_number-3,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +4687-speakers-3,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no 4687-speaker_number-4,4687,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,180 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,yes 4687-speakers-4,4687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,180 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,yes 4687-LEI-1,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4687-vitality-1,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4687-LEI-2,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4687-vitality-2,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4687-LEI-3,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -4687-vitality-3,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +4687-LEI-2,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4687-vitality-2,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4687-LEI-3,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +4687-vitality-3,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 4687-LEI-4,4687,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4687-vitality-4,4687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4689-context-1,4689,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School (Lingala), government (Lingala), contact with non-Mono people""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala, French, Gobu, Togbo, Ngbaka-Minagende, Ngbandi, Sango"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"In the Bili region, it is not uncommon for a Mono speaker to be multilingual, to different degrees, in several other languages. These languages include Lingala, French, other Banda languages in the region (Gobu, Togbo, and Langbasi), Ngbaka-Minagende, Ngbandi, and Sango. Lingala... is understood by many people [and] speaking the language is considered prestigious. It is used in contact situations with Bantu-speaking groups such as the Ngombe to the south, in governmental situations, and in primary school... French is spoken by some Mono people... but it is certainly less than the percentage proficient in Lingala.",bib5656,yes +4689-context-1,4689,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School (Lingala), government (Lingala), contact with non-Mono people""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala, French, Gobu, Togbo, Ngbaka-Minagende, Ngbandi, Sango"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"In the Bili region, it is not uncommon for a Mono speaker to be multilingual, to different degrees, in several other languages. These languages include Lingala, French, other Banda languages in the region (Gobu, Togbo, and Langbasi), Ngbaka-Minagende, Ngbandi, and Sango. Lingala... is understood by many people [and] speaking the language is considered prestigious. It is used in contact situations with Bantu-speaking groups such as the Ngombe to the south, in governmental situations, and in primary school... French is spoken by some Mono people... but it is certainly less than the percentage proficient in Lingala.",bib5680,yes 4689-context-3,4689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala, Sango"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most also use Lingala [lin] or Sango [sag].,bib67,no -4689-location-1,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Mono is spoken in five distinct regions of northwestern DRC. The Mono people identify these five regions as each having a distinct dialect: Bili, Bubanda, Mpaka, Galaba, and Kaga. The first two regions are in the Bosobolo Zone, whereas the last three are in the Libenge zone."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.561495, 19.936788], [4.233175, 19.633248], [4.116563, 19.2162], [3.983365, 19.016592], [3.975231, 18.661423]]}",,,bib5656,yes -4689-location-2,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""spoken [...] in the northwestern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo""}",,,bib5030,no -4689-location-3,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""]}",,"Mono is a Banda language spoken in the northwestern corner of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is part of the larger Adamawa-Ubangi language family... [this article examines] the variety of the language spoken in Bili, Bosobolo Zone, DRC.",bib5655,no +4689-location-1,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Mono is spoken in five distinct regions of northwestern DRC. The Mono people identify these five regions as each having a distinct dialect: Bili, Bubanda, Mpaka, Galaba, and Kaga. The first two regions are in the Bosobolo Zone, whereas the last three are in the Libenge zone."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.561495, 19.936788], [4.233175, 19.633248], [4.116563, 19.2162], [3.983365, 19.016592], [3.975231, 18.661423]]}",,,bib5680,yes +4689-location-2,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""spoken [...] in the northwestern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo""}",,,bib5052,no +4689-location-3,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""]}",,"Mono is a Banda language spoken in the northwestern corner of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is part of the larger Adamawa-Ubangi language family... [this article examines] the variety of the language spoken in Bili, Bosobolo Zone, DRC.",bib5679,no 4689-location-4,4689,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""Equateur Province, Nord Ubangi, Bosobolo Territory; some in Libenge Territory. Bili is center."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.562393, 19.937169]]}",,,bib67,no 4689-speaker_number-1,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4689-speakers-1,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4689-speaker_number-2,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5656,yes -4689-speakers-2,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62102"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5656,yes -4689-speaker_number-3,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5030,no -4689-speakers-3,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5030,no +4689-speaker_number-2,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5680,yes +4689-speakers-2,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62102"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5680,yes +4689-speaker_number-3,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5052,no +4689-speakers-3,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5052,no 4689-speaker_number-4,4689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1984 census.,bib67,no 4689-speakers-4,4689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1984 census.,bib67,no 4689-LEI-1,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4689-vitality-1,4689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4689-LEI-2,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5656,yes -4689-transmission-2,4689,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5656,yes -4689-domains_of_use-2,4689,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5656,yes -4689-speaker_number_trends-2,4689,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5656,yes -4689-vitality-2,4689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5656,yes -4689-LEI-3,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5030,no -4689-vitality-3,4689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5030,no +4689-LEI-2,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5680,yes +4689-transmission-2,4689,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5680,yes +4689-domains_of_use-2,4689,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5680,yes +4689-speaker_number_trends-2,4689,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5680,yes +4689-vitality-2,4689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Despite pressure from other languages, particularly Lingala, Mono language use remains vigorous, and it does not appear that Mono is in danger of extinction in the near future. In fact, Fultz and Morgan (1986) observe an increase in the use of Mono in that several villages which used to speak Yapka, Togbo, or Kpagua now speak Mono. All in all, the attitude of Mono speakers towards their language is positive. Mono remains the language that children learn first at home, and Lingala is normally not learned until a child goes to school.",bib5680,yes +4689-LEI-3,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5052,no +4689-vitality-3,4689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5052,no 4689-LEI-4,4689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4689-vitality-4,4689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4690-location-1,4690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0379, 70.6723]]}",,,bib5307,no +4690-location-1,4690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0379, 70.6723]]}",,,bib5330,no 4690-location-2,4690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.931986, 70.906608]]}",,,bib75,no 4690-location-3,4690,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4690-speaker_number-1,4690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4690-speakers-1,4690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4690-speaker_number-1,4690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4690-speakers-1,4690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4690-speaker_number-2,4690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4690-speakers-2,4690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,768"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4690-speaker_number-3,4690,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4690-speakers-3,4690,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,770"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4690-LEI-1,4690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4690-vitality-1,4690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4690-LEI-1,4690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4690-vitality-1,4690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4690-LEI-2,4690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4690-vitality-2,4690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4690-LEI-3,4690,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4690-vitality-3,4690,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4692-location-1,4692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.0, -119.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4692-location-2,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""East central California, Sierra Nevada west side, between Yosemite National Park and King Canyon National Park; Sierra Nevada east side, Owens Valley, Lone Pine north to Big Pine.""}",,,bib67,yes -4692-location-3,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.0943, -119.4999]]}",,,bib5307,no -4692-location-4,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence.""}",,,bib5217,no -4692-location-5,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.0943, -119.4999]]}",,,bib1709,no +4692-location-3,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.0943, -119.4999]]}",,,bib5330,no +4692-location-4,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence.""}",,,bib5240,no +4692-location-5,4692,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.0943, -119.4999]]}",,,bib1721,no 4692-speaker_number-1,4692,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"10-12 North Fork, 15 Auberry, 7-8 Big Sandy, 5-6 ""Dunlap, no Waksachi"" (L. Hinton (1994). Alternate ethnic population: 103 (2000 US census). Data for the ethnic population is from A. Yamamoto (2000). (37 [2016].)",bib67,yes 4692-speakers-1,4692,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"10-12 North Fork, 15 Auberry, 7-8 Big Sandy, 5-6 ""Dunlap, no Waksachi"" (L. Hinton (1994). Alternate ethnic population: 103 (2000 US census). Data for the ethnic population is from A. Yamamoto (2000). (37 [2016].)",bib67,yes -4692-speaker_number-2,4692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4692-speakers-2,4692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4692-speaker_number-3,4692,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5217,no -4692-speakers-3,4692,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Youngest speaker of Western Mono is in his 50s."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Elders"": ""all 30 of Eastern Mono.""}",,,bib5217,no +4692-speaker_number-2,4692,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4692-speakers-2,4692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4692-speaker_number-3,4692,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5240,no +4692-speakers-3,4692,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""Youngest speaker of Western Mono is in his 50s."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""100"", ""Elders"": ""all 30 of Eastern Mono.""}",,,bib5240,no 4692-speaker_number-4,4692,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4692-speakers-4,4692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4692-LEI-1,4692,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4692-transmission-1,4692,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,yes 4692-speaker_number_trends-1,4692,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,yes 4692-vitality-1,4692,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,yes -4692-LEI-2,4692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4692-vitality-2,4692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4692-LEI-2,4692,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4692-vitality-2,4692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4692-LEI-3,4692,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number -not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5217,no +not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5240,no 4692-transmission-3,4692,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number -not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5217,no +not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5240,no 4692-speaker_number_trends-3,4692,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number -not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5217,no +not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5240,no 4692-vitality-3,4692,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number -not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5217,no +not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5240,no 4692-LEI-4,4692,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4692-vitality-4,4692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4693-location-1,4693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.38, 134.73]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -48757,120 +48943,120 @@ not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.",bib5217,no 4694-location-1,4694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.5833333333, -88.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4694-location-2,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize"", ""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Belize: Toledo, Stann Creek, and Cayo districts. Guatemala: Pet\u00e9n Department.""}",,,bib67,no 4694-location-3,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize""]}",,,bib38,no -4694-location-4,4694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.5144, -89.4167]]}",,,bib5307,no +4694-location-4,4694,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.5144, -89.4167]]}",,,bib5330,no 4694-location-5,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize""], ""Coordinates"": [[16.35, -89.07]]}",,,bib75,no -4694-location-6,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""], ""Description"": ""- Pet\u00e9n: Dolores, San Luis, Popt\u00fan y parte de Melchor de Mencos.\n- Belice: Distrito de Toledo (San Antonio).""}",,,bib6262,no -4694-location-7,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""]}",,,bib3582,yes +4694-location-6,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""], ""Description"": ""- Pet\u00e9n: Dolores, San Luis, Popt\u00fan y parte de Melchor de Mencos.\n- Belice: Distrito de Toledo (San Antonio).""}",,,bib6286,no +4694-location-7,4694,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""]}",,,bib3600,yes 4694-speakers-1,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006 for Belize, 1990 for Guatemala""}",,"9,200 in Belize (2006); 2,600 in Guatemala (1990). 9,200 in Belize (2006). Population total all countries: 14,200 (2013).",bib67,no 4694-speakers-2,4694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,557"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010""}",,,bib38,no -4694-speaker_number-3,4694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4694-speakers-3,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,435"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4694-speaker_number-3,4694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4694-speakers-3,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,435"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4694-speaker_number-4,4694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4694-speakers-4,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4694-speakers-5,4694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,891"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"1,410 women; 1,481 men. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no 4694-speaker_number-6,4694,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"468 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las -proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,no +proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,no 4694-speakers-6,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""468 in Guatemala"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"468 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las -proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,no -4694-speaker_number-7,4694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population estimates of current speakers vary considerably, ranging from about 10,000 to 15,000 (Grimes, 2000:263; ALMG, 2001:25).",bib3582,yes -4694-speakers-7,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population estimates of current speakers vary considerably, ranging from about 10,000 to 15,000 (Grimes, 2000:263; ALMG, 2001:25).",bib3582,yes -4694-LEI-1,4694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4694-vitality-1,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,no +4694-speaker_number-7,4694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population estimates of current speakers vary considerably, ranging from about 10,000 to 15,000 (Grimes, 2000:263; ALMG, 2001:25).",bib3600,yes +4694-speakers-7,4694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population estimates of current speakers vary considerably, ranging from about 10,000 to 15,000 (Grimes, 2000:263; ALMG, 2001:25).",bib3600,yes +4694-LEI-1,4694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4694-vitality-1,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4694-LEI-2,4694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4694-vitality-2,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4694-LEI-3,4694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,no -4694-vitality-3,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,no -4694-LEI-4,4694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3582,yes -4694-vitality-4,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3582,yes -4695-location-1,4695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8872, 30.1904]]}",,,bib5307,no +4694-LEI-3,4694,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,no +4694-vitality-3,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,no +4694-LEI-4,4694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3600,yes +4694-vitality-4,4694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3600,yes +4695-location-1,4695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8872, 30.1904]]}",,,bib5330,no 4695-location-2,4695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0, 30.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4695-location-3,4695,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4695-speaker_number-1,4695,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4695-speakers-1,4695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4695-speaker_number-1,4695,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4695-speakers-1,4695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4695-speaker_number-2,4695,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4695-speakers-2,4695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4695-speaker_number-3,4695,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes 4695-speakers-3,4695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,yes -4695-LEI-1,4695,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4695-vitality-1,4695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4695-LEI-1,4695,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4695-vitality-1,4695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4695-LEI-2,4695,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4695-vitality-2,4695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4695-LEI-3,4695,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4695-vitality-3,4695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4698-context-1,4698,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Uri, Tok Pisin""}",,"The primary language used by adults in Mungkip is Uri, and the primary language used by children is Tok -Pisin.",bib6240,no -4698-location-1,4698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.45366, 146.7479]]}",,,bib7945,no -4698-location-2,4698,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mungkip village and Kasuka hamlet. Morobe Province""}",,,bib6240,no +Pisin.",bib6264,no +4698-location-1,4698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.45366, 146.7479]]}",,,bib7970,no +4698-location-2,4698,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mungkip village and Kasuka hamlet. Morobe Province""}",,,bib6264,no 4698-location-3,4698,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4698-speaker_number-1,4698,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4698-speakers-1,4698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4698-speaker_number-2,4698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Mungkip village residents, approximately twelve people out of the Mungkip and Kasuka populations speak the Mungkip language. Specifically, they reported that there are four Mungkip-speaking adults resident in Mungkip village and one Mungkip-Uri bilingual family (consisting of two adults and six children) in Kasuka.",bib6240,no -4698-speakers-2,4698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Mungkip village residents, approximately twelve people out of the Mungkip and Kasuka populations speak the Mungkip language. Specifically, they reported that there are four Mungkip-speaking adults resident in Mungkip village and one Mungkip-Uri bilingual family (consisting of two adults and six children) in Kasuka.",bib6240,no +4698-speaker_number-2,4698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to Mungkip village residents, approximately twelve people out of the Mungkip and Kasuka populations speak the Mungkip language. Specifically, they reported that there are four Mungkip-speaking adults resident in Mungkip village and one Mungkip-Uri bilingual family (consisting of two adults and six children) in Kasuka.",bib6264,no +4698-speakers-2,4698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"According to Mungkip village residents, approximately twelve people out of the Mungkip and Kasuka populations speak the Mungkip language. Specifically, they reported that there are four Mungkip-speaking adults resident in Mungkip village and one Mungkip-Uri bilingual family (consisting of two adults and six children) in Kasuka.",bib6264,no 4698-speaker_number-3,4698,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2006 SIL survey.,bib67,yes 4698-speakers-3,4698,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""670"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2006). Data for the ethnic population is from the 2006 SIL survey.,bib67,yes 4698-LEI-1,4698,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4698-vitality-1,4698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4698-LEI-2,4698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6240,no -4698-transmission-2,4698,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6240,no -4698-speaker_number_trends-2,4698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6240,no -4698-vitality-2,4698,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6240,no +4698-LEI-2,4698,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6264,no +4698-transmission-2,4698,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6264,no +4698-speaker_number_trends-2,4698,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6264,no +4698-vitality-2,4698,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6264,no 4698-LEI-3,4698,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4698-vitality-3,4698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4699-context-1,4699,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northern Thai, Thai""}",,"According to their tradition, they were brought as war captives from what is now Jinghong County in China over 200 years ago; and indeed some closely related non-endangered languages, including Khatu (Chinese term Kaduo) and Piyo (Chinese term Biyue), classified as part of the Hani nationality, are still spoken there.",bib1205,yes -4699-location-1,4699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2554, 100.2227]]}",,,bib5307,no -4699-location-2,4699,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Central Phrae Province. One village, Ban Dong, just east of Phrae town, with a recent southern offshoot Ban Dong Tai, \u2018South Ban Dong\u2019.""}",,,bib1205,yes +4699-context-1,4699,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Northern Thai, Thai""}",,"According to their tradition, they were brought as war captives from what is now Jinghong County in China over 200 years ago; and indeed some closely related non-endangered languages, including Khatu (Chinese term Kaduo) and Piyo (Chinese term Biyue), classified as part of the Hani nationality, are still spoken there.",bib1214,yes +4699-location-1,4699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.2554, 100.2227]]}",,,bib5330,no +4699-location-2,4699,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Central Phrae Province. One village, Ban Dong, just east of Phrae town, with a recent southern offshoot Ban Dong Tai, \u2018South Ban Dong\u2019.""}",,,bib1214,yes 4699-location-3,4699,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -4699-speaker_number-1,4699,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4699-speakers-1,4699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4699-speaker_number-2,4699,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -4699-speakers-2,4699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +4699-speaker_number-1,4699,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4699-speakers-1,4699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4699-speaker_number-2,4699,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +4699-speakers-2,4699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 4699-speaker_number-3,4699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4699-speakers-3,4699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4699-speaker_number-4,4699,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Nahhas (2005).,bib67,no 4699-speakers-4,4699,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and for the ethnic population come from Nahhas (2005).,bib67,no -4699-LEI-1,4699,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4699-vitality-1,4699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4699-LEI-2,4699,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1205,yes -4699-transmission-2,4699,transmission,3,transmission-3,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1205,yes -4699-vitality-2,4699,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1205,yes +4699-LEI-1,4699,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4699-vitality-1,4699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4699-LEI-2,4699,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1214,yes +4699-transmission-2,4699,transmission,3,transmission-3,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1214,yes +4699-vitality-2,4699,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Many young people have passive or no knowledge of Mpi,bib1214,yes 4699-LEI-3,4699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4699-vitality-3,4699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4699-LEI-4,4699,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 4699-vitality-4,4699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -4704-context-1,4704,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Bislama.,bib3468,yes -4704-location-1,4704,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.976036, 168.121192]]}",,,bib7945,no -4704-location-2,4704,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib3468,yes +4704-context-1,4704,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Bislama.,bib3486,yes +4704-location-1,4704,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.976036, 168.121192]]}",,,bib7970,no +4704-location-2,4704,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib3486,yes 4704-location-3,4704,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4704-speaker_number-1,4704,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4704-speakers-1,4704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4704-speaker_number-2,4704,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3468,yes -4704-speakers-2,4704,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""Around 500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3468,yes +4704-speaker_number-2,4704,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3486,yes +4704-speakers-2,4704,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""Around 500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3486,yes 4704-speaker_number-3,4704,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4704-speakers-3,4704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4704-LEI-1,4704,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4704-vitality-1,4704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4704-LEI-2,4704,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3468,yes -4704-domains_of_use-2,4704,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3468,yes -4704-vitality-2,4704,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3468,yes +4704-LEI-2,4704,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3486,yes +4704-domains_of_use-2,4704,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3486,yes +4704-vitality-2,4704,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3486,yes 4704-LEI-3,4704,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4704-vitality-3,4704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4707-context-1,4707,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib67,no -4707-location-1,4707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9612, 94.0539]]}",,,bib5307,no +4707-location-1,4707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9612, 94.0539]]}",,,bib5330,no 4707-location-2,4707,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,yes 4707-location-3,4707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5, 94.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4707-location-4,4707,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, North Lakhimpur, Sonitput, Dhemaji, Dibrugarh, Sibsagar, Jorhat, Golaghat, Tinsukia districts""}",,,bib67,no -4707-speaker_number-1,4707,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4707-speakers-1,4707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""562,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +4707-speaker_number-1,4707,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4707-speakers-1,4707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""562,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 4707-speaker_number-2,4707,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,yes 4707-speakers-2,4707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""551,224"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,yes 4707-speaker_number-3,4707,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4707-speakers-3,4707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4707-speaker_number-4,4707,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 4707-speakers-4,4707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""571,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -4707-LEI-1,4707,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4707-vitality-1,4707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4707-LEI-1,4707,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4707-vitality-1,4707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4707-LEI-2,4707,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,yes 4707-vitality-2,4707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,yes 4707-LEI-3,4707,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -48878,98 +49064,98 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4707-LEI-4,4707,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4707-vitality-4,4707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4708-context-1,4708,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Mizo""}",,Taught in primary schools since 1978,bib67,yes -4708-location-1,4708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.5237, 92.9003]]}",,,bib5307,no +4708-location-1,4708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.5237, 92.9003]]}",,,bib5330,no 4708-location-2,4708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.0, 93.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4708-location-3,4708,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""India: Mizoram, Chhimtuipui District; Myanmar: Lushai Hills""}",,,bib67,yes -4708-speaker_number-1,4708,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4708-speakers-1,4708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4708-speaker_number-1,4708,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4708-speakers-1,4708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4708-speaker_number-2,4708,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"22,000 in India (1997) and 20,000 in Myanmar (1994)",bib67,yes 4708-speakers-2,4708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"22,000 in India (1997) and 20,000 in Myanmar (1994)",bib67,yes -4708-LEI-1,4708,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4708-vitality-1,4708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4708-LEI-1,4708,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4708-vitality-1,4708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4708-LEI-2,4708,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4708-vitality-2,4708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4709-location-1,4709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5811, 153.5668]]}",,,bib5307,no +4709-location-1,4709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5811, 153.5668]]}",,,bib5330,no 4709-location-2,4709,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""], ""Description"": ""Upper Mortlock; Mid Mortlock; Lower Mortlock""}",,,bib67,yes -4709-speaker_number-1,4709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4709-speakers-1,4709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4709-speaker_number-1,4709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4709-speakers-1,4709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4709-speaker_number-2,4709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4709-speakers-2,4709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,904"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4709-speaker_number-3,4709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""1,692 Upper Mortlock, 1,757 Mid Mortlock, 2,455 Lower Mortlock, about 1,000 elsewhere."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1989 census.",bib67,yes 4709-speakers-3,4709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""1,692 Upper Mortlock, 1,757 Mid Mortlock, 2,455 Lower Mortlock, about 1,000 elsewhere."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1989 census.",bib67,yes -4709-LEI-1,4709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4709-vitality-1,4709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4709-LEI-1,4709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4709-vitality-1,4709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4709-LEI-2,4709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4709-vitality-2,4709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4709-LEI-3,4709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4709-vitality-3,4709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4710-context-1,4710,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Marma; Bengali; Chittagonian""}",,80% of the Mru also speak Marma,bib68,yes -4710-context-2,4710,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali""}",,,bib7525,no +4710-context-2,4710,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali""}",,,bib7550,no 4710-location-1,4710,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh"", ""India"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Bangladesh: Chittagong division, Bandarban district""}",,,bib68,yes -4710-location-2,4710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.7748, 92.2741]]}",,,bib5307,no +4710-location-2,4710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.7748, 92.2741]]}",,,bib5330,no 4710-speaker_number-1,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 Mru speakers live in Bangladesh.",bib68,yes 4710-speakers-1,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000 (population total, all countries)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 Mru speakers live in Bangladesh.",bib68,yes -4710-speaker_number-2,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4710-speakers-2,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4710-speaker_number-3,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,no -4710-speakers-3,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,no +4710-speaker_number-2,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4710-speakers-2,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4710-speaker_number-3,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,no +4710-speakers-3,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,no 4710-speaker_number-4,4710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4710-speakers-4,4710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81,231"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4710-LEI-1,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Spoken by the Mru of all ages,bib68,yes 4710-transmission-1,4710,transmission,1,transmission-1,Spoken by the Mru of all ages,bib68,yes 4710-vitality-1,4710,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Spoken by the Mru of all ages,bib68,yes -4710-LEI-2,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4710-vitality-2,4710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4710-LEI-3,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are losing their language in favour of Bengali.,bib7525,no -4710-vitality-3,4710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers are losing their language in favour of Bengali.,bib7525,no +4710-LEI-2,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4710-vitality-2,4710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4710-LEI-3,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are losing their language in favour of Bengali.,bib7550,no +4710-vitality-3,4710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers are losing their language in favour of Bengali.,bib7550,no 4710-LEI-4,4710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4710-vitality-4,4710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4711-location-1,4711,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.358567, 166.935236]]}",,,bib7945,no -4711-location-2,4711,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.520993, 166.886799]]}",,,bib395,no +4711-location-1,4711,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.358567, 166.935236]]}",,,bib7970,no +4711-location-2,4711,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.520993, 166.886799]]}",,,bib396,no 4711-location-3,4711,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes 4711-speaker_number-1,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4711-speakers-1,4711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4711-speaker_number-2,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4711-speakers-2,4711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -4711-speaker_number-3,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -4711-speakers-3,4711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no +4711-speaker_number-2,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4711-speakers-2,4711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +4711-speaker_number-3,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +4711-speakers-3,4711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no 4711-speaker_number-4,4711,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,yes 4711-speakers-4,4711,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1983).,bib67,yes 4711-LEI-1,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4711-vitality-1,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4711-LEI-2,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4711-vitality-2,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4711-LEI-3,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -4711-vitality-3,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no +4711-LEI-2,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4711-vitality-2,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4711-LEI-3,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +4711-vitality-3,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no 4711-LEI-4,4711,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4711-vitality-4,4711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4712-context-1,4712,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North West Malakula, Bislama, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is growing interest in revival programs.""}",,North West Malakula is a serious threat to the survival of the language.,bib1917,yes -4712-location-1,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula island.""}",,,bib2728,no -4712-location-2,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""This is a relocated language. It was traditionally spoken in North West Malakula between the Lowisinwei river valley and the east bank of the Brenwei river. Traditionally, Maragus speakers lived inland. They fled warfare in the 1920's and settled in modern day Tautu, on the east coast of the Island. Tautu is located just south of Norsup, on a peninsula, north of Lakatoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.0746, 167.415]]}",,,bib1917,yes +4712-context-1,4712,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North West Malakula, Bislama, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is growing interest in revival programs.""}",,North West Malakula is a serious threat to the survival of the language.,bib1929,yes +4712-location-1,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula island.""}",,,bib2742,no +4712-location-2,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""This is a relocated language. It was traditionally spoken in North West Malakula between the Lowisinwei river valley and the east bank of the Brenwei river. Traditionally, Maragus speakers lived inland. They fled warfare in the 1920's and settled in modern day Tautu, on the east coast of the Island. Tautu is located just south of Norsup, on a peninsula, north of Lakatoro."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.0746, 167.415]]}",,,bib1929,yes 4712-location-3,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -4712-location-4,4712,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.0405, 167.2778]]}",,,bib5307,no -4712-location-5,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.067407, 167.27423]]}",,,bib395,no -4712-speaker_number-1,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2728,no -4712-speakers-1,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2728,no -4712-speaker_number-2,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1917,yes -4712-speakers-2,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1917,yes +4712-location-4,4712,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.0405, 167.2778]]}",,,bib5330,no +4712-location-5,4712,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.067407, 167.27423]]}",,,bib396,no +4712-speaker_number-1,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2742,no +4712-speakers-1,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2742,no +4712-speaker_number-2,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1929,yes +4712-speakers-2,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1929,yes 4712-speaker_number-3,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4712-speakers-3,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -4712-speaker_number-4,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib395,no -4712-speakers-4,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib395,no +4712-speaker_number-4,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib396,no +4712-speakers-4,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib396,no 4712-speaker_number-5,4712,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4712-speakers-5,4712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4712-LEI-1,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -4712-vitality-1,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -4712-LEI-2,4712,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1917,yes -4712-transmission-2,4712,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1917,yes -4712-domains_of_use-2,4712,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1917,yes -4712-speaker_number_trends-2,4712,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1917,yes -4712-vitality-2,4712,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1917,yes +4712-LEI-1,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +4712-vitality-1,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +4712-LEI-2,4712,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1929,yes +4712-transmission-2,4712,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1929,yes +4712-domains_of_use-2,4712,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1929,yes +4712-speaker_number_trends-2,4712,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1929,yes +4712-vitality-2,4712,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1929,yes 4712-LEI-3,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4712-vitality-3,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4712-LEI-4,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4712-vitality-4,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +4712-LEI-4,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4712-vitality-4,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 4712-LEI-5,4712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4712-vitality-5,4712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4714-location-1,4714,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.42, 140.56]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -48992,7 +49178,7 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4715-vitality-1,4715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4715-LEI-2,4715,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4715-vitality-2,4715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4717-location-1,4717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5017, 144.9559]]}",,,bib7945,no +4717-location-1,4717,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5017, 144.9559]]}",,,bib7970,no 4717-location-2,4717,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4717-speaker_number-1,4717,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4717-speakers-1,4717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""197"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49012,93 +49198,93 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4719-vitality-1,4719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4719-LEI-2,4719,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4719-vitality-2,4719,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4727-context-1,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5362,no -4727-context-2,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib985,no -4727-context-3,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib6944,no -4727-context-4,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maa;""}",,"For ethnic Yaaku, the Nilotic language Maa has become the dominant language these days.",bib7615,yes +4727-context-1,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib5385,no +4727-context-2,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib989,no +4727-context-3,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib6968,no +4727-context-4,4727,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maa;""}",,"For ethnic Yaaku, the Nilotic language Maa has become the dominant language these days.",bib7640,yes 4727-location-1,4727,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""]}",,,bib67,no -4727-location-2,4727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.4394, 37.1777]]}",,,bib5307,no -4727-speakers-1,4727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Some"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~3""}",,"In the 1980s there were approximately ten speakers left. When we carried out our survey in 2005 we met with three speakers who seemed to be confident about their competence in the language... All are nearing the age of about 100 years. In the generation below them there are some, not many, people who are able to speak some Yaaku, but not very naturally, and who can understand Yaaku... We have heard reports of other people who were not present during our stay or who live in a different part of Kenya who might still be able to speak Yaaku.",bib5362,no +4727-location-2,4727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.4394, 37.1777]]}",,,bib5330,no +4727-speakers-1,4727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Some"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""~3""}",,"In the 1980s there were approximately ten speakers left. When we carried out our survey in 2005 we met with three speakers who seemed to be confident about their competence in the language... All are nearing the age of about 100 years. In the generation below them there are some, not many, people who are able to speak some Yaaku, but not very naturally, and who can understand Yaaku... We have heard reports of other people who were not present during our stay or who live in a different part of Kenya who might still be able to speak Yaaku.",bib5385,no 4727-speaker_number-2,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 4727-speakers-2,4727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no -4727-speaker_number-3,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,They numbered some 50 individuals when first investigated in detail in 1971 and were then losing their language rapidly and becoming assimilated to the adjacent Maasai (Heine 1975)... Brenziger (1992) reports on a survey in 1989 which found that as few as ten speakers with some command of the language remained.,bib985,no -4727-speakers-3,4727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,They numbered some 50 individuals when first investigated in detail in 1971 and were then losing their language rapidly and becoming assimilated to the adjacent Maasai (Heine 1975)... Brenziger (1992) reports on a survey in 1989 which found that as few as ten speakers with some command of the language remained.,bib985,no +4727-speaker_number-3,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,They numbered some 50 individuals when first investigated in detail in 1971 and were then losing their language rapidly and becoming assimilated to the adjacent Maasai (Heine 1975)... Brenziger (1992) reports on a survey in 1989 which found that as few as ten speakers with some command of the language remained.,bib989,no +4727-speakers-3,4727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,They numbered some 50 individuals when first investigated in detail in 1971 and were then losing their language rapidly and becoming assimilated to the adjacent Maasai (Heine 1975)... Brenziger (1992) reports on a survey in 1989 which found that as few as ten speakers with some command of the language remained.,bib989,no 4727-speaker_number-4,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4727-speakers-4,4727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4727-speaker_number-5,4727,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only 10 Yaaku speakers left today who have some command of the language...,bib6944,no -4727-speakers-5,4727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,There are only 10 Yaaku speakers left today who have some command of the language...,bib6944,no -4727-speaker_number-6,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In the 1980s there were some fifty speakers left (all over forty years old).,bib7615,yes -4727-speakers-6,4727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In the 1980s there were some fifty speakers left (all over forty years old).,bib7615,yes -4727-LEI-1,4727,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5362,no -4727-transmission-1,4727,transmission,5,transmission-5,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5362,no -4727-vitality-1,4727,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5362,no +4727-speaker_number-5,4727,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There are only 10 Yaaku speakers left today who have some command of the language...,bib6968,no +4727-speakers-5,4727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,There are only 10 Yaaku speakers left today who have some command of the language...,bib6968,no +4727-speaker_number-6,4727,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In the 1980s there were some fifty speakers left (all over forty years old).,bib7640,yes +4727-speakers-6,4727,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In the 1980s there were some fifty speakers left (all over forty years old).,bib7640,yes +4727-LEI-1,4727,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5385,no +4727-transmission-1,4727,transmission,5,transmission-5,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5385,no +4727-vitality-1,4727,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The Yaaku have shifted from an East Cushitic language to Maasai (East Nilotic) and are presently interested in revitalizing their language... Only a handful of people speak Yaaku and all Yaaku speak Maasai as their first language.,bib5385,no 4727-LEI-2,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4727-vitality-2,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4727-LEI-3,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no -4727-vitality-3,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +4727-LEI-3,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib989,no +4727-vitality-3,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib989,no 4727-LEI-4,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4727-vitality-4,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4727-LEI-5,4727,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4727-vitality-5,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4727-LEI-6,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4727-transmission-6,4727,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7615,yes -4727-vitality-6,4727,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes +4727-LEI-5,4727,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4727-vitality-5,4727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4727-LEI-6,4727,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4727-transmission-6,4727,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7640,yes +4727-vitality-6,4727,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes 4730-context-1,4730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""little prestige\"" ... \""still widely considered a \u201cdialect\u201d of Japanese, regardless of a definite lack of intelligibility and centuries of development virtually uninfluenced by any mainland Japanese variation""}",,,bib67,no -4730-context-2,4730,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2270,no -4730-context-3,4730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,,bib3708,yes -4730-location-1,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Miyako islands""}",,,bib3842,no +4730-context-2,4730,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2283,no +4730-context-3,4730,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese""}",,,bib3727,yes +4730-location-1,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Miyako islands""}",,,bib3861,no 4730-location-2,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Okinawa; Miyako, Ogami, Ikema, Kurima, Irabu, Tarama, Minna islands.""}",,,bib67,no -4730-location-3,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""The Miyako Islands""}",,,bib2270,no -4730-location-4,4730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.8004, 125.2798]]}",,,bib5307,no -4730-location-5,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Ikema Island, Sarahama on Irabu Island, and Nishihara on Miyako Island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.930462, 125.244197]]}",,,bib3708,yes -4730-speaker_number-1,4730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3842,no -4730-speakers-1,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3842,no +4730-location-3,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""The Miyako Islands""}",,,bib2283,no +4730-location-4,4730,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.8004, 125.2798]]}",,,bib5330,no +4730-location-5,4730,location,"{""Places"": [""Ikema Island, Sarahama on Irabu Island, and Nishihara on Miyako Island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.930462, 125.244197]]}",,,bib3727,yes +4730-speaker_number-1,4730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3861,no +4730-speakers-1,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3861,no 4730-speakers-2,4730,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""67,653"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,"Ethnic population: 67,653 (2000)",bib67,no -4730-speakers-3,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx. 350 for the Tarama dialect of Miyako""}",,"In Tarama, all fluent speakers are in their sixties or older.",bib514,no -4730-speaker_number-4,4730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Miyako and Japanese.,bib2270,no -4730-speakers-4,4730,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Miyako and Japanese.,bib2270,no -4730-speaker_number-5,4730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Sarahama dialect has the most speakers and more young speakers, followed by Nishihara and Ikema with the fewest young speakers.",bib3708,yes -4730-speakers-5,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Sarahama dialect has the most speakers and more young speakers, followed by Nishihara and Ikema with the fewest young speakers.",bib3708,yes -4730-LEI-1,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3842,no -4730-transmission-1,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3842,no -4730-domains_of_use-1,4730,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3842,no -4730-speaker_number_trends-1,4730,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3842,no -4730-vitality-1,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3842,no +4730-speakers-3,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approx. 350 for the Tarama dialect of Miyako""}",,"In Tarama, all fluent speakers are in their sixties or older.",bib517,no +4730-speaker_number-4,4730,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Miyako and Japanese.,bib2283,no +4730-speakers-4,4730,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Miyako and Japanese.,bib2283,no +4730-speaker_number-5,4730,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Sarahama dialect has the most speakers and more young speakers, followed by Nishihara and Ikema with the fewest young speakers.",bib3727,yes +4730-speakers-5,4730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Less than 2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Sarahama dialect has the most speakers and more young speakers, followed by Nishihara and Ikema with the fewest young speakers.",bib3727,yes +4730-LEI-1,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3861,no +4730-transmission-1,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3861,no +4730-domains_of_use-1,4730,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3861,no +4730-speaker_number_trends-1,4730,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3861,no +4730-vitality-1,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3861,no 4730-LEI-2,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mainly older adults. The younger the generation, the more fluently they speak Japanese (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Those under 20 are mainly monolingual in Japanese (1989 T. Fukuda).",bib67,no 4730-transmission-2,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Mainly older adults. The younger the generation, the more fluently they speak Japanese (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Those under 20 are mainly monolingual in Japanese (1989 T. Fukuda).",bib67,no 4730-vitality-2,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Mainly older adults. The younger the generation, the more fluently they speak Japanese (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Those under 20 are mainly monolingual in Japanese (1989 T. Fukuda).",bib67,no -4730-LEI-3,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib514,no -4730-transmission-3,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib514,no -4730-vitality-3,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib514,no -4730-LEI-4,4730,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -4730-transmission-4,4730,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -4730-domains_of_use-4,4730,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -4730-speaker_number_trends-4,4730,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -4730-vitality-4,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -4730-LEI-5,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3708,yes -4730-transmission-5,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3708,yes -4730-domains_of_use-5,4730,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3708,yes -4730-speaker_number_trends-5,4730,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3708,yes -4730-vitality-5,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3708,yes -4731-context-1,4731,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib1913,yes -4731-location-1,4731,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.906508, 167.228089]]}",,,bib7945,no -4731-location-2,4731,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.92772, 167.279892]]}",,,bib395,no -4731-location-3,4731,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1913,yes +4730-LEI-3,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib517,no +4730-transmission-3,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib517,no +4730-vitality-3,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Like all other Ryukyuan languages, Miyako Ryukyuan is endangered. The younger generations do not speak or comprehend Tarama, nor do children learn it at school.",bib517,no +4730-LEI-4,4730,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +4730-transmission-4,4730,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +4730-domains_of_use-4,4730,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +4730-speaker_number_trends-4,4730,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +4730-vitality-4,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Miyako speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Miyako learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +4730-LEI-5,4730,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3727,yes +4730-transmission-5,4730,transmission,4,transmission-4,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3727,yes +4730-domains_of_use-5,4730,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3727,yes +4730-speaker_number_trends-5,4730,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3727,yes +4730-vitality-5,4730,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Recent revival movements are promoting the language at events such as speech contests and religious rituals in local communities. The language plays a role in the ethnic identity for those of the Ikema minzoku tribe.,bib3727,yes +4731-context-1,4731,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib1925,yes +4731-location-1,4731,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.906508, 167.228089]]}",,,bib7970,no +4731-location-2,4731,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malekula"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.92772, 167.279892]]}",,,bib396,no +4731-location-3,4731,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Malakula""}",,,bib1925,yes 4731-location-4,4731,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4731-speaker_number-1,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4731-speakers-1,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4731-speaker_number-2,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4731-speakers-2,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no -4731-speaker_number-3,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1913,yes -4731-speakers-3,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1913,yes +4731-speaker_number-2,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4731-speakers-2,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no +4731-speaker_number-3,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1925,yes +4731-speakers-3,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1925,yes 4731-speaker_number-4,4731,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4731-speakers-4,4731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no 4731-LEI-1,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4731-vitality-1,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4731-LEI-2,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4731-vitality-2,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no -4731-LEI-3,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,yes -4731-vitality-3,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,yes +4731-LEI-2,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4731-vitality-2,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no +4731-LEI-3,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,yes +4731-vitality-3,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,yes 4731-LEI-4,4731,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4731-vitality-4,4731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4732-location-1,4732,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.08, 134.38]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -49111,7 +49297,7 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4732-vitality-1,4732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4732-LEI-2,4732,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4732-vitality-2,4732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4734-location-1,4734,location,"{""Places"": [""Portugal""], ""Description"": ""Miranda do Douro"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.4958535, -6.2738577]]}",,,bib6338,no +4734-location-1,4734,location,"{""Places"": [""Portugal""], ""Description"": ""Miranda do Douro"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.4958535, -6.2738577]]}",,,bib6362,no 4734-location-2,4734,location,"{""Places"": [""Portugal"", ""Spain""]}",,,bib67,yes 4734-speaker_number-1,4734,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4734-speakers-1,4734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49121,121 +49307,121 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4734-vitality-1,4734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4734-LEI-2,4734,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4734-vitality-2,4734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4736-context-1,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole), Australian English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The strongest speakers are senior Saibaians; young people speak Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole) and/or Australian English. There are continuing efforts to revitalise KYY.""}",,,bib3352,yes -4736-context-2,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole (Broken), English, Meriam Mer""}",,,bib2683,no -4736-context-3,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole""}",,,bib5309,no -4736-location-1,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""three most northerly Western Torres Strait Islands of Saibai, Boigu, Dauan"", ""and in Bamaga and Seisia, Northern Cape York Peninsula"", ""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.2348, 142.4155]]}",,,bib3352,yes +4736-context-1,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole), Australian English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The strongest speakers are senior Saibaians; young people speak Yumplatok (Torres Strait Creole) and/or Australian English. There are continuing efforts to revitalise KYY.""}",,,bib3369,yes +4736-context-2,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole (Broken), English, Meriam Mer""}",,,bib2696,no +4736-context-3,4736,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Torres Strait Creole""}",,,bib5332,no +4736-location-1,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""three most northerly Western Torres Strait Islands of Saibai, Boigu, Dauan"", ""and in Bamaga and Seisia, Northern Cape York Peninsula"", ""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-9.2348, 142.4155]]}",,,bib3369,yes 4736-location-2,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4736-location-3,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Saibai Island, Dauan Island, Boigu Island, Bamada"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.398936, 142.683256]]}",,,bib2683,no -4736-location-4,4736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.156694, 142.282428]]}",,,bib7945,no -4736-location-5,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Insular northern Queensland, western Torres Strait Islands.""], ""Description"": ""There are about 4,000 or so fluent speakers in the Torres Strait area. Others have moved to the Queensland mainland, particularly to cities such as Townsville and Brisbane.""}",,,bib5309,no -4736-speaker_number-1,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -4736-speakers-1,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no -4736-speaker_number-2,4736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3352,yes -4736-speakers-2,4736,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""approximately 900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3352,yes +4736-location-3,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Saibai Island, Dauan Island, Boigu Island, Bamada"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.398936, 142.683256]]}",,,bib2696,no +4736-location-4,4736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.156694, 142.282428]]}",,,bib7970,no +4736-location-5,4736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Insular northern Queensland, western Torres Strait Islands.""], ""Description"": ""There are about 4,000 or so fluent speakers in the Torres Strait area. Others have moved to the Queensland mainland, particularly to cities such as Townsville and Brisbane.""}",,,bib5332,no +4736-speaker_number-1,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +4736-speakers-1,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no +4736-speaker_number-2,4736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3369,yes +4736-speakers-2,4736,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""approximately 900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3369,yes 4736-speaker_number-3,4736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 4736-speakers-3,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 4736-speaker_number-5,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,AUSTLANG lists the variety Kalaw Kawaw Ya as also having 1216 speakers.,bib34,no 4736-speakers-5,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,AUSTLANG lists the variety Kalaw Kawaw Ya as also having 1216 speakers.,bib34,no -4736-speaker_number-6,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2683,no -4736-speakers-6,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2683,no -4736-speaker_number-7,4736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4736-speakers-7,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4736-speaker_number-6,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2696,no +4736-speakers-6,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2696,no +4736-speaker_number-7,4736,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4736-speakers-7,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4736-speaker_number-8,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4736-speakers-8,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4736-speaker_number-9,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -4736-speakers-9,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no -4736-LEI-1,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4736-vitality-1,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4736-LEI-2,4736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3352,yes -4736-transmission-2,4736,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3352,yes -4736-domains_of_use-2,4736,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3352,yes -4736-speaker_number_trends-2,4736,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3352,yes -4736-vitality-2,4736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3352,yes +4736-speaker_number-9,4736,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +4736-speakers-9,4736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no +4736-LEI-1,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4736-vitality-1,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4736-LEI-2,4736,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3369,yes +4736-transmission-2,4736,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3369,yes +4736-domains_of_use-2,4736,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3369,yes +4736-speaker_number_trends-2,4736,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3369,yes +4736-vitality-2,4736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Cultural stories and songs are predominately transmitted in KKY, and passing elders mean a loss of knowledge and wisdom for the remaining community members.",bib3369,yes 4736-LEI-3,4736,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4736-vitality-3,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4736-LEI-4,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4736-vitality-4,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4736-LEI-5,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2683,no -4736-vitality-5,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2683,no -4736-LEI-6,4736,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4736-vitality-6,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4736-LEI-5,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2696,no +4736-vitality-5,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2696,no +4736-LEI-6,4736,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4736-vitality-6,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4736-LEI-7,4736,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4736-vitality-7,4736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4736-LEI-8,4736,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -4736-transmission-8,4736,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -4736-domains_of_use-8,4736,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -4736-speaker_number_trends-8,4736,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -4736-vitality-8,4736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5309,no -4741-location-1,4741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7469, 34.7662]]}",,,bib5307,no -4741-location-3,4741,location,"{""Places"": [""Didesa Valley and Metahara in Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7746,no +4736-LEI-8,4736,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +4736-transmission-8,4736,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +4736-domains_of_use-8,4736,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +4736-speaker_number_trends-8,4736,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +4736-vitality-8,4736,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Outside the Kala Lagaw Ya language area, those younger than thirty are likely to speak Torres Strait Creole. Kala Lagaw Ya is now potentially endangered.",bib5332,no +4741-location-1,4741,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7469, 34.7662]]}",,,bib5330,no +4741-location-3,4741,location,"{""Places"": [""Didesa Valley and Metahara in Ethiopia""]}",,,bib7771,no 4741-location-4,4741,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -4741-speaker_number-1,4741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4741-speakers-1,4741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4741-speaker_number-1,4741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4741-speakers-1,4741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4741-speaker_number-2,4741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib333,yes 4741-speakers-2,4741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib333,yes -4741-speaker_number-3,4741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7746,no -4741-speakers-3,4741,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7746,no +4741-speaker_number-3,4741,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7771,no +4741-speakers-3,4741,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7771,no 4741-speaker_number-4,4741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4741-speakers-4,4741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4741-speaker_number-5,4741,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no 4741-speakers-5,4741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1982).,bib67,no -4741-LEI-1,4741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4741-vitality-1,4741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4741-LEI-1,4741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4741-vitality-1,4741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4741-LEI-2,4741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib333,yes 4741-vitality-2,4741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib333,yes -4741-LEI-3,4741,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7746,no -4741-speaker_number_trends-3,4741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7746,no -4741-vitality-3,4741,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7746,no +4741-LEI-3,4741,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7771,no +4741-speaker_number_trends-3,4741,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7771,no +4741-vitality-3,4741,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7771,no 4741-LEI-4,4741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4741-vitality-4,4741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4741-LEI-5,4741,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4741-vitality-5,4741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4742-location-1,4742,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2495, 25.7574]]}",,,bib5307,no -4742-location-2,4742,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""West Sudan, in a small area around Raga.""}",,,bib6944,no +4742-location-1,4742,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2495, 25.7574]]}",,,bib5330,no +4742-location-2,4742,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""West Sudan, in a small area around Raga.""}",,,bib6968,no 4742-location-3,4742,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4742-speaker_number-1,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4742-speakers-1,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4742-speaker_number-2,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4742-speakers-2,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +4742-speaker_number-1,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4742-speakers-1,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4742-speaker_number-2,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4742-speakers-2,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 4742-speaker_number-3,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4742-speakers-3,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4742-speaker_number-4,4742,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes 4742-speakers-4,4742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1987).,bib67,yes -4742-LEI-1,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4742-vitality-1,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4742-LEI-2,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4742-vitality-2,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4742-LEI-1,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4742-vitality-1,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4742-LEI-2,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4742-vitality-2,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4742-LEI-3,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4742-vitality-3,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4742-LEI-4,4742,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4742-vitality-4,4742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4744-context-1,4744,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cantonese; Portuguese; Mandarin; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Cantonese as the local language in Macao and Hong Kong; Mandarin and Portuguese as the official languages of Macao; English being diglossic high in Macao and Hong Kong; some ethnic immigrants in Portugal; A majority of overseas ethnic Patuá living in US and Canada.,bib1210,yes -4744-location-1,4744,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Portugal"", ""US"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""overseas ethnic Patu\u00e1 in US, Canada and Portugal; native speakers found mainly in Macao (China), with a few in Hong Kong (China)""}",,,bib1210,yes -4744-location-2,4744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1632, 113.5464]]}",,,bib5307,no -4744-location-3,4744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Macao""}",,"Over 10,000 members of this group, but only about 5,000 remain in Macao since its return to China in 1999.",bib1205,no +4744-context-1,4744,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cantonese; Portuguese; Mandarin; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Cantonese as the local language in Macao and Hong Kong; Mandarin and Portuguese as the official languages of Macao; English being diglossic high in Macao and Hong Kong; some ethnic immigrants in Portugal; A majority of overseas ethnic Patuá living in US and Canada.,bib1219,yes +4744-location-1,4744,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Portugal"", ""US"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""overseas ethnic Patu\u00e1 in US, Canada and Portugal; native speakers found mainly in Macao (China), with a few in Hong Kong (China)""}",,,bib1219,yes +4744-location-2,4744,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1632, 113.5464]]}",,,bib5330,no +4744-location-3,4744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Macao""}",,"Over 10,000 members of this group, but only about 5,000 remain in Macao since its return to China in 1999.",bib1214,no 4744-location-4,4744,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4744-speaker_number-1,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"around fifty fluent speakers remains in Macao, mostly females againg over 50; also some semispeakers and passive learners",bib1210,yes -4744-speakers-1,4744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000 (10,000 in Macao, China; 50,000 elsewhere)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"around fifty fluent speakers remains in Macao, mostly females againg over 50; also some semispeakers and passive learners",bib1210,yes -4744-speaker_number-2,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4744-speakers-2,4744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4744-speaker_number-3,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1205,no -4744-speakers-3,4744,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""<50"", ""Ethnic Population"": "">10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1205,no +4744-speaker_number-1,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"around fifty fluent speakers remains in Macao, mostly females againg over 50; also some semispeakers and passive learners",bib1219,yes +4744-speakers-1,4744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000 (10,000 in Macao, China; 50,000 elsewhere)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"around fifty fluent speakers remains in Macao, mostly females againg over 50; also some semispeakers and passive learners",bib1219,yes +4744-speaker_number-2,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4744-speakers-2,4744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4744-speaker_number-3,4744,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1214,no +4744-speakers-3,4744,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""<50"", ""Ethnic Population"": "">10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1214,no 4744-speaker_number-4,4744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4744-speakers-4,4744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4744-speaker_number-5,4744,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1985.,bib67,no 4744-speakers-5,4744,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1985.,bib67,no -4744-LEI-1,4744,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1210,yes -4744-transmission-1,4744,transmission,5,transmission-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1210,yes -4744-domains_of_use-1,4744,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1210,yes -4744-speaker_number_trends-1,4744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1210,yes -4744-vitality-1,4744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1210,yes -4744-LEI-2,4744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4744-vitality-2,4744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4744-LEI-3,4744,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -4744-transmission-3,4744,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,no -4744-speaker_number_trends-3,4744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,no -4744-vitality-3,4744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,no +4744-LEI-1,4744,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1219,yes +4744-transmission-1,4744,transmission,5,transmission-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1219,yes +4744-domains_of_use-1,4744,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1219,yes +4744-speaker_number_trends-1,4744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1219,yes +4744-vitality-1,4744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"revitalization since 2007 through cultural activities such as food, song, music, dance and sport",bib1219,yes +4744-LEI-2,4744,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4744-vitality-2,4744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4744-LEI-3,4744,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +4744-transmission-3,4744,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,no +4744-speaker_number_trends-3,4744,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,no +4744-vitality-3,4744,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,no 4744-LEI-4,4744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4744-vitality-4,4744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4744-LEI-5,4744,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -49250,43 +49436,43 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4745-vitality-1,4745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4745-LEI-2,4745,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4745-vitality-2,4745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4746-context-1,4746,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools"", ""churches"", ""trading""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""10%% (English)""}",,,bib1910,no -4746-location-1,4746,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Region, Ghana"", ""Ivory Coast""], ""Description"": ""[The speakers of Deg] inhabit an area on the western side of Ghana that spreads from Jama (a short distance from the Ivory Coast border) in the Northern Region down to the Black Volta river, across into the Brong-Ahafo Region as far north as Kelanda and as far south as Subinso. Clusters are to be found also in and around the main cities of Ghana and close to the Ghanaian western border in Ivory Coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.300933, -2.180198], [7.940916, -2.056555]]}",,,bib1910,no +4746-context-1,4746,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools"", ""churches"", ""trading""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""10%% (English)""}",,,bib1922,no +4746-location-1,4746,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Region, Ghana"", ""Ivory Coast""], ""Description"": ""[The speakers of Deg] inhabit an area on the western side of Ghana that spreads from Jama (a short distance from the Ivory Coast border) in the Northern Region down to the Black Volta river, across into the Brong-Ahafo Region as far north as Kelanda and as far south as Subinso. Clusters are to be found also in and around the main cities of Ghana and close to the Ghanaian western border in Ivory Coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.300933, -2.180198], [7.940916, -2.056555]]}",,,bib1922,no 4746-location-2,4746,location,"{""Places"": [""C\u00f4te d'Ivoire"", ""Ghana""]}",,,bib67,yes 4746-speaker_number-1,4746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4746-speakers-1,4746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4746-speaker_number-2,4746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1910,no -4746-speakers-2,4746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1910,no +4746-speaker_number-2,4746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1922,no +4746-speakers-2,4746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1922,no 4746-speaker_number-3,4746,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4746-speakers-3,4746,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""27,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4746-LEI-1,4746,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4746-vitality-1,4746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4746-LEI-2,4746,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1910,no -4746-vitality-2,4746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1910,no +4746-LEI-2,4746,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1922,no +4746-vitality-2,4746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1922,no 4746-LEI-3,4746,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4746-vitality-3,4746,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4748-context-1,4748,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English; Nyangumarta;""}",,,bib7937,yes +4748-context-1,4748,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Aboriginal English; Nyangumarta;""}",,,bib7962,yes 4748-location-1,4748,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4748-location-2,4748,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.6744684, 120.1169385]]}",,,bib1182,no -4748-location-3,4748,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,[Spoken] from the head of the De Grey and Oakover Rivers; north-east of the Upper Fortescue River.,bib7278,no +4748-location-2,4748,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.6744684, 120.1169385]]}",,,bib1191,no +4748-location-3,4748,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,[Spoken] from the head of the De Grey and Oakover Rivers; north-east of the Upper Fortescue River.,bib7302,no 4748-speaker_number-1,4748,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data from SIL(1990).,bib67,no 4748-speakers-1,4748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data from SIL(1990).,bib67,no 4748-speaker_number-2,4748,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4748-speakers-2,4748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4748-speaker_number-3,4748,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4748-speakers-3,4748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4748-speaker_number-5,4748,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number: 'Very few.' The language is moribund, if not extinct.",bib7937,yes -4748-speakers-5,4748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number: 'Very few.' The language is moribund, if not extinct.",bib7937,yes +4748-speaker_number-5,4748,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number: 'Very few.' The language is moribund, if not extinct.",bib7962,yes +4748-speakers-5,4748,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number: 'Very few.' The language is moribund, if not extinct.",bib7962,yes 4748-LEI-1,4748,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4748-vitality-1,4748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4748-LEI-2,4748,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4748-vitality-2,4748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 4748-LEI-3,4748,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4748-vitality-3,4748,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4748-LEI-4,4748,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -4748-transmission-4,4748,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -4748-vitality-4,4748,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,yes -4765-location-1,4765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.847, 128.5208]]}",,,bib5307,no +4748-LEI-4,4748,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +4748-transmission-4,4748,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +4748-vitality-4,4748,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,yes +4765-location-1,4765,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.847, 128.5208]]}",,,bib5330,no 4765-location-2,4765,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 4765-speaker_number-1,4765,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4765-speakers-1,4765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49296,7 +49482,7 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4765-vitality-1,4765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4765-LEI-2,4765,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4765-vitality-2,4765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4769-location-1,4769,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3691, 145.7218]]}",,,bib7945,no +4769-location-1,4769,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3691, 145.7218]]}",,,bib7970,no 4769-location-2,4769,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4769-speaker_number-1,4769,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4769-speakers-1,4769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""173"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49307,7 +49493,7 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4769-LEI-2,4769,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4769-vitality-2,4769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4772-context-1,4772,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Hindi""}",,,bib67,yes -4772-location-1,4772,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4638, 93.3041]]}",,,bib5307,no +4772-location-1,4772,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4638, 93.3041]]}",,,bib5330,no 4772-location-2,4772,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Upper Subansiri district; Taksing circle, Gumsing, Taying, Esnaya, Lingbing, Tongla, Yeja, Reding, Redi, and Dadu villages.""}",,,bib67,yes 4772-speaker_number-1,4772,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4772-speakers-1,4772,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49317,51 +49503,51 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4772-vitality-1,4772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4772-LEI-2,4772,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4772-vitality-2,4772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4773-location-1,4773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.13620987, 143.9394536]]}",,,bib1182,no +4773-location-1,4773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.13620987, 143.9394536]]}",,,bib1191,no 4773-location-2,4773,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria; at Bulloo Downs, north to Orient, west to Grey range, east to Clyde, south to Bulloo lake floodplain.""}",,,bib69,yes 4773-speaker_number-2,4773,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4773-speakers-2,4773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4773-speakers-3,4773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -4773-speaker_number-4,4773,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4773-speakers-4,4773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4773-LEI-1,4773,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -4773-vitality-1,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +4773-speaker_number-4,4773,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4773-speakers-4,4773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4773-LEI-1,4773,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +4773-vitality-1,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 4773-LEI-2,4773,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4773-vitality-2,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4773-LEI-3,4773,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4773-vitality-3,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4773-LEI-4,4773,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4773-vitality-4,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4774-location-1,4774,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.73916, 141.4355]]}",,,bib7945,no +4773-LEI-4,4773,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4773-vitality-4,4773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4774-location-1,4774,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.73916, 141.4355]]}",,,bib7970,no 4774-location-2,4774,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, Vanimo district, east of Vanimo, north of Bewani and Ossima.""}",,,bib69,no -4774-location-3,4774,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ningera village""}",,,bib4545,yes +4774-location-3,4774,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Ningera village""}",,,bib4566,yes 4774-speaker_number-1,4774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4774-speakers-1,4774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""147"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4774-speaker_number-2,4774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4774-speakers-2,4774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4774-speaker_number-3,4774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -4774-speakers-3,4774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""213"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +4774-speaker_number-3,4774,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +4774-speakers-3,4774,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""213"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 4774-LEI-1,4774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4774-vitality-1,4774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4774-LEI-2,4774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4774-vitality-2,4774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4774-LEI-3,4774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4774-vitality-3,4774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -4775-location-1,4775,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0932, 93.4963]]}",,,bib5307,no +4774-LEI-3,4774,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4774-vitality-3,4774,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +4775-location-1,4775,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.0932, 93.4963]]}",,,bib5330,no 4775-location-2,4775,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.05, 93.5]]}",,,bib216,no -4775-speaker_number-1,4775,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4775-speakers-1,4775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4775-speaker_number-1,4775,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4775-speakers-1,4775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4775-speaker_number-2,4775,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4775-speakers-2,4775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4775-speaker_number-3,4775,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4775-speakers-3,4775,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4775-LEI-1,4775,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4775-vitality-1,4775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4775-LEI-1,4775,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4775-vitality-1,4775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4775-LEI-2,4775,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4775-vitality-2,4775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4775-LEI-3,4775,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4775-vitality-3,4775,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4779-location-1,4779,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.388497, 155.398378]]}",,,bib7945,no +4779-location-1,4779,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.388497, 155.398378]]}",,,bib7970,no 4779-location-2,4779,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bougainville Province, Buin District""}",,,bib67,yes 4779-speaker_number-1,4779,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4779-speakers-1,4779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49380,7 +49566,7 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4780-vitality-1,4780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 4780-LEI-2,4780,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4780-vitality-2,4780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4785-location-1,4785,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.706844, 39.802647]]}",,,bib7945,no +4785-location-1,4785,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.706844, 39.802647]]}",,,bib7970,no 4785-speaker_number-1,4785,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from I. Larsen (1994).,bib67,yes 4785-speakers-1,4785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from I. Larsen (1994).,bib67,yes 4785-LEI-1,4785,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,yes @@ -49394,44 +49580,44 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4786-vitality-1,4786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib242,no 4786-LEI-2,4786,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4786-vitality-2,4786,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4787-context-1,4787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo""}",,,bib4052,no -4787-location-1,4787,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""[The Waata] live in scattered territorial groups along the Tana and Galana rivers and in the Taru Desert in eastern Kenya, on the Kenyan coast, in Isiolo and Marsabit districts in northern Kenya, and in parts of souther, central and western Ethiopia, as well as on the shores of Lake Tana. They may also extend into Tanzania.""}",,,bib4052,no +4787-context-1,4787,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo""}",,,bib4072,no +4787-location-1,4787,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""[The Waata] live in scattered territorial groups along the Tana and Galana rivers and in the Taru Desert in eastern Kenya, on the Kenyan coast, in Isiolo and Marsabit districts in northern Kenya, and in parts of souther, central and western Ethiopia, as well as on the shores of Lake Tana. They may also extend into Tanzania.""}",,,bib4072,no 4787-location-2,4787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.33333333333, 39.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -4787-speakers-1,4787,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<20,000""}",,,bib4052,no +4787-speakers-1,4787,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<20,000""}",,,bib4072,no 4787-speaker_number-2,4787,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4787-speakers-2,4787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 4787-LEI-1,4787,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,yes 4787-vitality-1,4787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is increasing.,bib67,yes -4789-context-1,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dholuo; Swahili; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""99%%""}",,"Multilingualism is predominant in the sample. Only fifteen persons were monolinguals (2 in Suba, 13 in Dholuo), almost 20%% were bilingual and the rest claimed to know three or more languages [...] Asked to arrange four given languages in order of prestige the majority were in favour of the following order: 1st Suba, 2nd Kiswahili, 3rd Dholuo, 4th English... What is particularly surprising in this ranking is the low position of Dholuo which is in marked contrast to its high frequency of usage.",bib6387,no -4789-context-2,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dholuo, Swahili, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Some governmental education support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Various non-governmental organizations""}",,"In 1995, the government of Kenya, some non-governmental organizations and the Suba people themselves tried to revive both the Suba culture and language. [...] the government initiated the Olusuba language project [...] THe measures put in place included introducing Suba-as-subject in primary school, revivalist initiatives in the form of cultural festivals, sports, a vernacular radio service, and a language panel [...] The Bible translation and Literacy (BTL) together with the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) have also been involved in the literacy, translation and documentation programs in the language.",bib5619,no -4789-context-3,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Swahili, Luo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib5683,no -4789-context-4,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Luo""}",,"Luo is spoken as a second language by most people with the exception of a few older persons, in particular old women.",bib6944,no -4789-location-1,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""South Nyanza Province: Rusinga, Mfangano, Gwassi, Kaksingiri, Suna West, Suna East, Muhuru Peninsula, and adjacent territory in South Kadem.""}",,,bib6387,no +4789-context-1,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dholuo; Swahili; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""99%%""}",,"Multilingualism is predominant in the sample. Only fifteen persons were monolinguals (2 in Suba, 13 in Dholuo), almost 20%% were bilingual and the rest claimed to know three or more languages [...] Asked to arrange four given languages in order of prestige the majority were in favour of the following order: 1st Suba, 2nd Kiswahili, 3rd Dholuo, 4th English... What is particularly surprising in this ranking is the low position of Dholuo which is in marked contrast to its high frequency of usage.",bib6411,no +4789-context-2,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dholuo, Swahili, English"", ""Government Support"": ""Some governmental education support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Various non-governmental organizations""}",,"In 1995, the government of Kenya, some non-governmental organizations and the Suba people themselves tried to revive both the Suba culture and language. [...] the government initiated the Olusuba language project [...] THe measures put in place included introducing Suba-as-subject in primary school, revivalist initiatives in the form of cultural festivals, sports, a vernacular radio service, and a language panel [...] The Bible translation and Literacy (BTL) together with the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) have also been involved in the literacy, translation and documentation programs in the language.",bib5643,no +4789-context-3,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Swahili, Luo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,,bib5707,no +4789-context-4,4789,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Luo""}",,"Luo is spoken as a second language by most people with the exception of a few older persons, in particular old women.",bib6968,no +4789-location-1,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""South Nyanza Province: Rusinga, Mfangano, Gwassi, Kaksingiri, Suna West, Suna East, Muhuru Peninsula, and adjacent territory in South Kadem.""}",,,bib6411,no 4789-location-2,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya"", ""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Kenya: Lake Victoria east shore; Mfangano and Rusinga islands.""}",,,bib67,yes -4789-location-3,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Presently, the Abasuba are settled on the Northern Eastern shores of the Lake Victoria, Mfangano and Rusinga Islands."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.433956, 34.007964]]}",,,bib5619,no -4789-location-4,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""The Suba people are currently settled on the northeastern shore of Lake Victoria, Mfangano Island, and Rusinga Island, Kenya.""}",,,bib5683,no -4789-location-5,4789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.9942, 34.519]]}",,,bib5307,no -4789-speaker_number-1,4789,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The observations made here are restricted to the Kenyan situation, although the Suba/Luo settlement area extends across the border into Tanzania... In Kenya, there were according to the 1979 Population Census 59.668 Suba (Abasuba) [...] 88.1%% [in a survey] claimed competence in Suba (99.1%% in Dholuo). We assume, however, that such competence must be ranged on a a wide scale since only half of the sample claimed to have learned Suba as their first language. This relatively low figure may be partly due to a misunderstanding of the question.",bib6387,no -4789-speakers-1,4789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""59668"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The observations made here are restricted to the Kenyan situation, although the Suba/Luo settlement area extends across the border into Tanzania... In Kenya, there were according to the 1979 Population Census 59.668 Suba (Abasuba) [...] 88.1%% [in a survey] claimed competence in Suba (99.1%% in Dholuo). We assume, however, that such competence must be ranged on a a wide scale since only half of the sample claimed to have learned Suba as their first language. This relatively low figure may be partly due to a misunderstanding of the question.",bib6387,no +4789-location-3,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""Presently, the Abasuba are settled on the Northern Eastern shores of the Lake Victoria, Mfangano and Rusinga Islands."", ""Coordinates"": [[-0.433956, 34.007964]]}",,,bib5643,no +4789-location-4,4789,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""], ""Description"": ""The Suba people are currently settled on the northeastern shore of Lake Victoria, Mfangano Island, and Rusinga Island, Kenya.""}",,,bib5707,no +4789-location-5,4789,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.9942, 34.519]]}",,,bib5330,no +4789-speaker_number-1,4789,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The observations made here are restricted to the Kenyan situation, although the Suba/Luo settlement area extends across the border into Tanzania... In Kenya, there were according to the 1979 Population Census 59.668 Suba (Abasuba) [...] 88.1%% [in a survey] claimed competence in Suba (99.1%% in Dholuo). We assume, however, that such competence must be ranged on a a wide scale since only half of the sample claimed to have learned Suba as their first language. This relatively low figure may be partly due to a misunderstanding of the question.",bib6411,no +4789-speakers-1,4789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""59668"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1979"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The observations made here are restricted to the Kenyan situation, although the Suba/Luo settlement area extends across the border into Tanzania... In Kenya, there were according to the 1979 Population Census 59.668 Suba (Abasuba) [...] 88.1%% [in a survey] claimed competence in Suba (99.1%% in Dholuo). We assume, however, that such competence must be ranged on a a wide scale since only half of the sample claimed to have learned Suba as their first language. This relatively low figure may be partly due to a misunderstanding of the question.",bib6411,no 4789-speaker_number-2,4789,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 4789-speakers-2,4789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""174,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes -4789-speakers-3,4789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,"The Government of Kenya’s population census, conducted in 1999, indicates that the number of monolingual speakers is 2,200.",bib5683,no -4789-speaker_number-4,4789,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -4789-speakers-4,4789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -4789-speakers-5,4789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""76668""}",,,bib6944,no -4789-LEI-1,4789,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6387,no -4789-domains_of_use-1,4789,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6387,no -4789-speaker_number_trends-1,4789,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6387,no -4789-vitality-1,4789,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6387,no +4789-speakers-3,4789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999""}",,"The Government of Kenya’s population census, conducted in 1999, indicates that the number of monolingual speakers is 2,200.",bib5707,no +4789-speaker_number-4,4789,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +4789-speakers-4,4789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +4789-speakers-5,4789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""76668""}",,,bib6968,no +4789-LEI-1,4789,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6411,no +4789-domains_of_use-1,4789,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6411,no +4789-speaker_number_trends-1,4789,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6411,no +4789-vitality-1,4789,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Ayot (1977) makes it clear... that the process of assimilation [with the Luo] was relatively slow before colonial factors entered into it.,bib6411,no 4789-LEI-2,4789,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4789-vitality-2,4789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4789-LEI-3,4789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5619,no -4789-transmission-3,4789,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5619,no -4789-domains_of_use-3,4789,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5619,no -4789-speaker_number_trends-3,4789,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5619,no -4789-vitality-3,4789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5619,no -4789-LEI-5,4789,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4789-vitality-5,4789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4789-LEI-3,4789,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5643,no +4789-transmission-3,4789,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5643,no +4789-domains_of_use-3,4789,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5643,no +4789-speaker_number_trends-3,4789,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5643,no +4789-vitality-3,4789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5643,no +4789-LEI-5,4789,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4789-vitality-5,4789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4793-speaker_number-1,4793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4793-speakers-1,4793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4793-LEI-1,4793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -49440,56 +49626,56 @@ Pisin.",bib6240,no 4805-speakers-1,4805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 4805-LEI-1,4805,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4805-vitality-1,4805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -481-context-1,481,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Instituto de la Recuperaci\u00f3n del Idioma N\u00e1huat (IRIN); Seminario Ling\u00fcistico de N\u00e1huat (SLN); Tajkwiluyan Ipal ne Taketzalis (the office for the Nawat language)""}",,"The Nawat Linguistic Seminar (Seminario Lingüistico de Náhuat--SLN) is working on a text-based corpus of Nawat, a lexical database, and workbooks for language-learners.",bib3761,no +481-context-1,481,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Instituto de la Recuperaci\u00f3n del Idioma N\u00e1huat (IRIN); Seminario Ling\u00fcistico de N\u00e1huat (SLN); Tajkwiluyan Ipal ne Taketzalis (the office for the Nawat language)""}",,"The Nawat Linguistic Seminar (Seminario Lingüistico de Náhuat--SLN) is working on a text-based corpus of Nawat, a lexical database, and workbooks for language-learners.",bib3780,no 481-context-2,481,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Departmental Directorate of Education"", ""Institutional Support"": ""CONCULTURA; CCNIS""}",,"a program for the ‘Revitalization of Nahuat-Pipil language’, has been promoted in five schools in Izalco and Nahuizalco, department of Sonsonate. A series of texts and materials have been developed in Nahuat, as the initial step towards a sought -intercultural bilingual education program.",bib687,no -481-context-3,481,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Living Tongues Institute; Don Bosco University""}",,"With assistance from The Living Tongues Institute, Carlos Enrique Cortez will be video recording ""Pipil culture, such as natural medicines, traditions, traditional games, agricultural practices, and childhood songs. This content will be available for those wanting to learn the language, as well was to document these important pieces of Pipil culture.""",bib616,no -481-context-4,481,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib1456,no +intercultural bilingual education program.",bib691,no +481-context-3,481,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Living Tongues Institute; Don Bosco University""}",,"With assistance from The Living Tongues Institute, Carlos Enrique Cortez will be video recording ""Pipil culture, such as natural medicines, traditions, traditional games, agricultural practices, and childhood songs. This content will be available for those wanting to learn the language, as well was to document these important pieces of Pipil culture.""",bib619,no +481-context-4,481,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All speakers""}",,,bib1468,no 481-location-1,481,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.8333333333, -89.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 481-location-2,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""Municipio of Dolores, Ocotepeque Department, near the El Salvador border.""}",,"Ethnologue's location and number of speakers appears to be limited to the Municipio of Dolores, Ocotepeque Department, but in 1987 there were still a number of speakers in several other municipios, and there are a very small number of speakers or semi-speakers in scattered locations.",bib67,no -481-location-3,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""]}",,"Pipil people (not necessarily Pipil language-speakers) live in Ahuachapán, Santa Ana, Sonsonate, La Libertad, San Salvador, Cuscatlán, La Paz, Chalatenango",bib687,no -481-location-4,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""]}",,,bib1452,yes -481-location-5,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""Santo Domingo de Guzm\u00e1n, Department of Sonsonate in Western El Salvador""}",,,bib616,no -481-location-6,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.721709, -89.721314]]}",,"Previously spoken in Santo Domingo de Guzmán; Tacuba; Comasaguya; Chiltiupán; Concepción de Ataco; Cuisnahuat; Teotepeque; Jicalapa; Nahuizalco; Izalco; Mazaguat. Currently only spoken by a tiny handful of people in Santo Domingo de Guzmán, Sonsonate Department speak the language, with a very few scattered individuals in some other locations in the area.",bib1456,no +481-location-3,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""]}",,"Pipil people (not necessarily Pipil language-speakers) live in Ahuachapán, Santa Ana, Sonsonate, La Libertad, San Salvador, Cuscatlán, La Paz, Chalatenango",bib691,no +481-location-4,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""]}",,,bib1464,yes +481-location-5,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""Santo Domingo de Guzm\u00e1n, Department of Sonsonate in Western El Salvador""}",,,bib619,no +481-location-6,481,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.721709, -89.721314]]}",,"Previously spoken in Santo Domingo de Guzmán; Tacuba; Comasaguya; Chiltiupán; Concepción de Ataco; Cuisnahuat; Teotepeque; Jicalapa; Nahuizalco; Izalco; Mazaguat. Currently only spoken by a tiny handful of people in Santo Domingo de Guzmán, Sonsonate Department speak the language, with a very few scattered individuals in some other locations in the area.",bib1468,no 481-speaker_number-1,481,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"20 (1987). Ethnic population: 11,100 (2005 census) (2013).",bib67,no 481-speakers-1,481,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""196,576"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"20 (1987). Ethnic population: 11,100 (2005 census) (2013).",bib67,no -481-speaker_number-2,481,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,About 200 families speak the language.,bib687,no -481-speakers-2,481,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,About 200 families speak the language.,bib687,no -481-speakers-3,481,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000""}",,"""This language once thought extinct, has been described in Campbell (1985), who unexpectedly found about twenty speakers thirty years ago, in the course of a survey of dying languages of Central America."" (2007:70)",bib3080,no -481-speaker_number-4,481,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Certainly fewer than 100 speakers; perhaps only semi-speakers remain, though a few of them are quite fluent.",bib1452,yes -481-speakers-4,481,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~97?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Certainly fewer than 100 speakers; perhaps only semi-speakers remain, though a few of them are quite fluent.",bib1452,yes -481-speaker_number-6,481,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1456,no -481-speakers-6,481,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1456,no +481-speaker_number-2,481,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,About 200 families speak the language.,bib691,no +481-speakers-2,481,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,About 200 families speak the language.,bib691,no +481-speakers-3,481,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000""}",,"""This language once thought extinct, has been described in Campbell (1985), who unexpectedly found about twenty speakers thirty years ago, in the course of a survey of dying languages of Central America."" (2007:70)",bib3094,no +481-speaker_number-4,481,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Certainly fewer than 100 speakers; perhaps only semi-speakers remain, though a few of them are quite fluent.",bib1464,yes +481-speakers-4,481,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~97?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Certainly fewer than 100 speakers; perhaps only semi-speakers remain, though a few of them are quite fluent.",bib1464,yes +481-speaker_number-6,481,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1468,no +481-speakers-6,481,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1468,no 481-LEI-1,481,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 481-vitality-1,481,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -481-LEI-2,481,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib687,no -481-vitality-2,481,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib687,no -481-LEI-3,481,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1452,yes -481-transmission-3,481,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1452,yes -481-domains_of_use-3,481,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1452,yes -481-speaker_number_trends-3,481,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1452,yes -481-vitality-3,481,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1452,yes -481-LEI-4,481,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1456,no -481-transmission-4,481,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1456,no -481-domains_of_use-4,481,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1456,no -481-speaker_number_trends-4,481,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1456,no -481-vitality-4,481,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1456,no -482-context-1,482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Numana, Gwantu, Hausa, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Ningye are multilingual; Numana and Gwantu are the main languages they speak, but Hausa is widely known and some younger people also speak English.",bib1029,no -482-context-2,482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Numana; Gwantu; Hausa; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Ningye are multilingual; Numana and Gwantu are the main additional languages they speak, but Hausa is widely known and some younger people also speak English.",bib996,yes -482-location-1,482,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main village of the Ningye is Ningeshen Kurmi, some 19 km. south of Fadan Karshi on the Akwanga road. There are three other settlements, Akwankwan, Kobin and Ningeshen Dutse due north of Ningeshen Kurmi but these are all small."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.222418, 8.586137]]}",,,bib1029,no -482-location-2,482,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningeshen Kurmi village, Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.23435, 7.866383]]}",,,bib996,yes -482-speaker_number-1,482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Ningye language is spoken by perhaps 4-5000 speakers at a maximum. Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1029,no -482-speakers-1,482,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Ningye language is spoken by perhaps 4-5000 speakers at a maximum. Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1029,no -482-speaker_number-2,482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib996,yes -482-speakers-2,482,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib996,yes -482-LEI-1,482,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1029,no -482-transmission-1,482,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1029,no -482-vitality-1,482,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1029,no -482-LEI-2,482,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ningye is still regularly spoken at present.,bib996,yes -482-vitality-2,482,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Ningye is still regularly spoken at present.,bib996,yes -4825-location-1,4825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.433014, 3.391889]]}",,,bib7945,no +481-LEI-2,481,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib691,no +481-vitality-2,481,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib691,no +481-LEI-3,481,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1464,yes +481-transmission-3,481,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1464,yes +481-domains_of_use-3,481,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1464,yes +481-speaker_number_trends-3,481,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1464,yes +481-vitality-3,481,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1464,yes +481-LEI-4,481,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1468,no +481-transmission-4,481,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1468,no +481-domains_of_use-4,481,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib1468,no +481-speaker_number_trends-4,481,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1468,no +481-vitality-4,481,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1468,no +482-context-1,482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Numana, Gwantu, Hausa, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Ningye are multilingual; Numana and Gwantu are the main languages they speak, but Hausa is widely known and some younger people also speak English.",bib1033,no +482-context-2,482,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Numana; Gwantu; Hausa; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Ningye are multilingual; Numana and Gwantu are the main additional languages they speak, but Hausa is widely known and some younger people also speak English.",bib1000,yes +482-location-1,482,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main village of the Ningye is Ningeshen Kurmi, some 19 km. south of Fadan Karshi on the Akwanga road. There are three other settlements, Akwankwan, Kobin and Ningeshen Dutse due north of Ningeshen Kurmi but these are all small."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.222418, 8.586137]]}",,,bib1033,no +482-location-2,482,location,"{""Places"": [""Ningeshen Kurmi village, Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.23435, 7.866383]]}",,,bib1000,yes +482-speaker_number-1,482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Ningye language is spoken by perhaps 4-5000 speakers at a maximum. Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1033,no +482-speakers-1,482,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Ningye language is spoken by perhaps 4-5000 speakers at a maximum. Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1033,no +482-speaker_number-2,482,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1000,yes +482-speakers-2,482,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1000,yes +482-LEI-1,482,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1033,no +482-transmission-1,482,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1033,no +482-vitality-1,482,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1033,no +482-LEI-2,482,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ningye is still regularly spoken at present.,bib1000,yes +482-vitality-2,482,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Ningye is still regularly spoken at present.,bib1000,yes +4825-location-1,4825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.433014, 3.391889]]}",,,bib7970,no 4825-location-2,4825,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso"", ""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Sourou Province, Kassoum Subdistrict, Ou\u00e9 town area, Sourou River valley entering from Mali. Also in Mali."", ""Coordinates"": [[13.233333, -3.4]]}",,,bib67,yes 4825-speaker_number-1,4825,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4825-speakers-1,4825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49499,7 +49685,7 @@ intercultural bilingual education program.",bib687,no 4825-vitality-1,4825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4825-LEI-2,4825,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Favorable toward using Marka [rkm], Jula [dyu], or Bamanankan [bam]. Also use Jula [dyu]. Nearly all bilingual by age 15, but proficiency unknown.",bib67,yes 4825-vitality-2,4825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Favorable toward using Marka [rkm], Jula [dyu], or Bamanankan [bam]. Also use Jula [dyu]. Nearly all bilingual by age 15, but proficiency unknown.",bib67,yes -4826-location-1,4826,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6024, -3.109989]]}",,,bib7945,no +4826-location-1,4826,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6024, -3.109989]]}",,,bib7970,no 4826-location-2,4826,location,"{""Places"": [""Burkina Faso, Mali""], ""Description"": ""Sourou Province, Tougan Subdistrict, 540 square km bordering Mali. Also in Mali.""}",,,bib67,yes 4826-speaker_number-1,4826,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,570 in Burkina Faso. @@ -49509,65 +49695,65 @@ Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1985 census.",bib67,yes Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1985 census.",bib67,yes 4826-LEI-1,4826,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4826-vitality-1,4826,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -483-context-1,483,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours.",bib996,no -483-context-2,483,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,,bib1015,yes -483-location-1,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Bassa LGA""}",,,bib980,no -483-location-2,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Teriya village, Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.917111, 8.818588]]}",,,bib996,no -483-location-3,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7615,no -483-location-4,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main village of the Cara is Teriya, in Bassa Local Government Area, some 5 km. east of Gurum, which is 3 km. south-east of the main Jos-Kaduna road, 11 km from Jos town."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.103839, 12.652185]]}",,,bib1015,yes -483-speaker_number-1,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""735 (1936 HDG); 3-4000 (Blench 1999)""",bib980,no -483-speakers-1,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""735 (1936 HDG); 3-4000 (Blench 1999)""",bib980,no -483-speaker_number-2,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib996,no -483-speakers-2,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib996,no -483-speaker_number-3,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Cara language is spoken by less than 3000 speakers at a maximum... Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1015,yes -483-speakers-3,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Cara language is spoken by less than 3000 speakers at a maximum... Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1015,yes -483-LEI-1,483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -483-vitality-1,483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -483-LEI-2,483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. Certainly they do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib996,no -483-vitality-2,483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. Certainly they do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib996,no -483-LEI-3,483,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1015,yes -483-transmission-3,483,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1015,yes -483-vitality-3,483,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1015,yes +483-context-1,483,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours.",bib1000,no +483-context-2,483,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,,bib1019,yes +483-location-1,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Bassa LGA""}",,,bib984,no +483-location-2,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Teriya village, Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.917111, 8.818588]]}",,,bib1000,no +483-location-3,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib7640,no +483-location-4,483,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main village of the Cara is Teriya, in Bassa Local Government Area, some 5 km. east of Gurum, which is 3 km. south-east of the main Jos-Kaduna road, 11 km from Jos town."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.103839, 12.652185]]}",,,bib1019,yes +483-speaker_number-1,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""735 (1936 HDG); 3-4000 (Blench 1999)""",bib984,no +483-speakers-1,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000-4000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""735 (1936 HDG); 3-4000 (Blench 1999)""",bib984,no +483-speaker_number-2,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1000,no +483-speakers-2,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1000,no +483-speaker_number-3,483,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Cara language is spoken by less than 3000 speakers at a maximum... Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1019,yes +483-speakers-3,483,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Cara language is spoken by less than 3000 speakers at a maximum... Nonetheless, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults.",bib1019,yes +483-LEI-1,483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +483-vitality-1,483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +483-LEI-2,483,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. Certainly they do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1000,no +483-vitality-2,483,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. Certainly they do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1000,no +483-LEI-3,483,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1019,yes +483-transmission-3,483,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1019,yes +483-vitality-3,483,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Cara tend to know Hausa and some younger people also speak English, but generally do not speak the languages of their neighbours. The older people have the impression that younger people are giving up the language in favour of Hausa. It is clear that younger people do not have an easy command of the complex morphology required to be a competent speaker, although this may develop slowly.",bib1019,yes 4831-location-1,4831,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.0, 15.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4831-location-2,4831,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Libya"", ""Niger"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Chad: Far north desert, Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti region, Tibesti Department, Bardai area. Niger: Seguedine, Bilma, Termit-Kaoboul. Nigeria: Borno state, northeast LGAs.""}",,,bib67,yes 4831-speaker_number-1,4831,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"28,500 in Chad (1993 census). 10,000 in Niger (1998 SIL). 2,000 in Nigeria (Blench 1990).",bib67,yes 4831-speakers-1,4831,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"28,500 in Chad (1993 census). 10,000 in Niger (1998 SIL). 2,000 in Nigeria (Blench 1990).",bib67,yes 4831-LEI-1,4831,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4831-vitality-1,4831,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4834-context-1,4834,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All Tilung speakers are bilingual in Nepali and Nepali already became the mother tongue of younger generations.,bib6096,yes -4834-location-1,4834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1501, 86.5077]]}",,,bib5307,no -4834-location-2,4834,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""in small hamlets scattered in the different 7 wards of Chyasmitar Village Development Committee (VDC) in the Khotang district. ""}",,,bib6096,yes -4834-location-3,4834,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Kho\u1e6d\u0101\u1e45 district.""}",,,bib7525,no +4834-context-1,4834,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All Tilung speakers are bilingual in Nepali and Nepali already became the mother tongue of younger generations.,bib6120,yes +4834-location-1,4834,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1501, 86.5077]]}",,,bib5330,no +4834-location-2,4834,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""in small hamlets scattered in the different 7 wards of Chyasmitar Village Development Committee (VDC) in the Khotang district. ""}",,,bib6120,yes +4834-location-3,4834,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Kho\u1e6d\u0101\u1e45 district.""}",,,bib7550,no 4834-location-4,4834,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sagarmatha zone, Halesidanda Range, outer west Khotang District, between Dudhkosi and Sunkosi""}",,,bib67,no -4834-speaker_number-1,4834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4834-speakers-1,4834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4834-speaker_number-2,4834,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes -4834-speakers-2,4834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (2058 V.S.)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes +4834-speaker_number-1,4834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4834-speakers-1,4834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4834-speaker_number-2,4834,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes +4834-speakers-2,4834,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (2058 V.S.)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes 4834-speaker_number-3,4834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4834-speakers-3,4834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4834-speaker_number-4,4834,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 2001 census,bib67,no 4834-speakers-4,4834,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 2001 census,bib67,no -4834-LEI-1,4834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4834-vitality-1,4834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4834-LEI-2,4834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes -4834-transmission-2,4834,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes -4834-domains_of_use-2,4834,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes -4834-speaker_number_trends-2,4834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes -4834-vitality-2,4834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6096,yes +4834-LEI-1,4834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4834-vitality-1,4834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4834-LEI-2,4834,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes +4834-transmission-2,4834,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes +4834-domains_of_use-2,4834,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes +4834-speaker_number_trends-2,4834,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes +4834-vitality-2,4834,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""only 7 elderly people above 60 could speak their language fluently. People over 40 could speak the language with the heavy borrowing (mostly nouns) from Nepali, the youth from 30-40 can understand some Tilung but the young generation below 30 neither speaks the language nor understands it. Children do not learn the language because young parents do not speak the language and the elderly parents tend to use the language only when they do not want their children to know what they are talking about."" (p. 143)",bib6120,yes 4834-LEI-3,4834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4834-vitality-3,4834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4834-LEI-4,4834,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4834-vitality-4,4834,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4836-location-1,4836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.8828, 2.5488]]}",,,bib5307,no +4836-location-1,4836,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.8828, 2.5488]]}",,,bib5330,no 4836-location-2,4836,location,"{""Places"": [""Algeria""], ""Description"": ""Tidikelt, Salah area, and Tit south.""}",,,bib67,yes -4836-speaker_number-1,4836,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4836-speakers-1,4836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4836-speaker_number-1,4836,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4836-speakers-1,4836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4836-speaker_number-2,4836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4836-speakers-2,4836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4836-speaker_number-3,4836,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4836-speakers-3,4836,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4836-LEI-1,4836,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4836-vitality-1,4836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4836-LEI-1,4836,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4836-vitality-1,4836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4836-LEI-2,4836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4836-vitality-2,4836,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4836-LEI-3,4836,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -49581,118 +49767,118 @@ Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1985 census.",bib67,yes 4837-vitality-1,4837,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4837-LEI-2,4837,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4837-vitality-2,4837,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4838-context-1,4838,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Thangmi men and women over the age of fifty are often monolingual Thangmi speakers, while Thangmi youths under twenty years of age usually have lisle more than a passive understanding of their own tongue. The middle generation, between the ages of twenty and fifty are most likely to be bilingual, using Thangmi for most intra-ethnic linguistic exchanges and Nepali in conversations with members of other ethnic groups and castes."" (p. 101)",bib7463,yes +4838-context-1,4838,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Thangmi men and women over the age of fifty are often monolingual Thangmi speakers, while Thangmi youths under twenty years of age usually have lisle more than a passive understanding of their own tongue. The middle generation, between the ages of twenty and fifty are most likely to be bilingual, using Thangmi for most intra-ethnic linguistic exchanges and Nepali in conversations with members of other ethnic groups and castes."" (p. 101)",bib7487,yes 4838-location-1,4838,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.75, 86.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4838-location-2,4838,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""China"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Nepal: Most in Janakpur zone, Dolakha District; Bagmati zone, Sindhupalchok District; a few villages in Ramechhap along the Sailung Khola. China: Tibetan Autonomous Region. India: Sikkim, East District, Aritar Sunua; West Bengal, Darjeeling""}",,,bib67,no -4838-location-3,4838,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8246,no -4838-location-4,4838,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6969, 86.0057]]}",,,bib5307,no -4838-location-5,4838,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""mostly in Dolakh\u0101, Sindhup\u0101lcok, Jh\u0101p\u0101, R\u0101mech\u0101p, Il\u0101m, and Mora\u1e45 districts of Nepal; Thamigaon and West Pendam in east Sikkim, and the area around Darjeeling municipality and the villages encircling tea plantations in Bijanb\u0101r\u012b, Si\u1e45l\u0101 and T\u0101ms\u0101\u1e45 of West Bengal of India"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.52, 86.07], [27.47, 86.05], [27.42, 85.57], [27.44, 85.57], [27.31, 86.58], [27.48, 85.48]]}",,,bib7463,yes +4838-location-3,4838,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib8271,no +4838-location-4,4838,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6969, 86.0057]]}",,,bib5330,no +4838-location-5,4838,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""mostly in Dolakh\u0101, Sindhup\u0101lcok, Jh\u0101p\u0101, R\u0101mech\u0101p, Il\u0101m, and Mora\u1e45 districts of Nepal; Thamigaon and West Pendam in east Sikkim, and the area around Darjeeling municipality and the villages encircling tea plantations in Bijanb\u0101r\u012b, Si\u1e45l\u0101 and T\u0101ms\u0101\u1e45 of West Bengal of India"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.52, 86.07], [27.47, 86.05], [27.42, 85.57], [27.44, 85.57], [27.31, 86.58], [27.48, 85.48]]}",,,bib7487,yes 4838-speaker_number-2,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"24,200 in Nepal (2007 SIL), decreasing",bib67,no 4838-speakers-2,4838,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"24,200 in Nepal (2007 SIL), decreasing",bib67,no -4838-speaker_number-3,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -4838-speakers-3,4838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -4838-speaker_number-4,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4838-speakers-4,4838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4838-speaker_number-3,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +4838-speakers-3,4838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +4838-speaker_number-4,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4838-speakers-4,4838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4838-speaker_number-5,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4838-speakers-5,4838,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,291"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4838-speaker_number-6,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The ethnic population number includes the Thangmi living in Nepal and India.,bib7463,yes -4838-speakers-6,4838,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""33500-38500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census for the speaker number"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The ethnic population number includes the Thangmi living in Nepal and India.,bib7463,yes +4838-speaker_number-6,4838,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The ethnic population number includes the Thangmi living in Nepal and India.,bib7487,yes +4838-speakers-6,4838,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""33500-38500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18991"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census for the speaker number"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The ethnic population number includes the Thangmi living in Nepal and India.,bib7487,yes 4838-LEI-1,4838,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4838-vitality-1,4838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4838-LEI-2,4838,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8246,no -4838-transmission-2,4838,transmission,3,transmission-3,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8246,no -4838-vitality-2,4838,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8246,no -4838-LEI-3,4838,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4838-vitality-3,4838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4838-LEI-2,4838,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8271,no +4838-transmission-2,4838,transmission,3,transmission-3,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8271,no +4838-vitality-2,4838,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,...Not generally being passed to younger generation.,bib8271,no +4838-LEI-3,4838,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4838-vitality-3,4838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4838-LEI-4,4838,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4838-vitality-4,4838,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4838-LEI-5,4838,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7463,yes -4838-transmission-5,4838,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7463,yes -4838-domains_of_use-5,4838,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7463,yes -4838-speaker_number_trends-5,4838,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7463,yes -4838-vitality-5,4838,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7463,yes -484-location-1,484,location,"{""Description"": ""The villages of the Bu people are reached from Gbodu village, 18 km east of Akwanga on the road to Wamba. A road leading northwest from Gbodu reaches Nakere after 6 km. and then Rago, Maiganga and Abu. The villages of the Ningkada [=Jidda] are reached by a turnoff some 7 km. north of the Wamba junction. The road turns east at Kango and Jidda (the main settlement) is some 6 km. away. Two hamlets, Ningkada and Lago, are southwest of Jidda respectively 1 and 3 km. away. A further settlement on the main road, Wanga, is some 5 km. north of Kango."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.010046, 8.607016]]}",,"[Coordinates are approximate, based on map in source. -ed.]",bib1014,yes +4838-LEI-5,4838,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7487,yes +4838-transmission-5,4838,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7487,yes +4838-domains_of_use-5,4838,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7487,yes +4838-speaker_number_trends-5,4838,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7487,yes +4838-vitality-5,4838,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[C]hildren and youths up to the age of twenty speak Nepali as their first language.... While as a heritage ethnic tongue, Thangmi is still widely understood, many in this age group speak the Thangmi language with a reduced phonology and with a heavy reliance on Nepali loan words."" (p. 103)",bib7487,yes +484-location-1,484,location,"{""Description"": ""The villages of the Bu people are reached from Gbodu village, 18 km east of Akwanga on the road to Wamba. A road leading northwest from Gbodu reaches Nakere after 6 km. and then Rago, Maiganga and Abu. The villages of the Ningkada [=Jidda] are reached by a turnoff some 7 km. north of the Wamba junction. The road turns east at Kango and Jidda (the main settlement) is some 6 km. away. Two hamlets, Ningkada and Lago, are southwest of Jidda respectively 1 and 3 km. away. A further settlement on the main road, Wanga, is some 5 km. north of Kango."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.010046, 8.607016]]}",,"[Coordinates are approximate, based on map in source. -ed.]",bib1018,yes 484-speaker_number-1,484,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Bu regard their language and culture as distinct from the Ningkada [Jidda], but the differences between the two would appear to be very slight. There are perhaps 4000 speakers of Bu and about 2000 or less speakers of Ningkada (the Ningkada hamlets are extremely small). In both locations, immediate evidence -suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately threatened.",bib1014,yes +suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately threatened.",bib1018,yes 484-speakers-1,484,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Bu regard their language and culture as distinct from the Ningkada [Jidda], but the differences between the two would appear to be very slight. There are perhaps 4000 speakers of Bu and about 2000 or less speakers of Ningkada (the Ningkada hamlets are extremely small). In both locations, immediate evidence -suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately threatened.",bib1014,yes -484-LEI-1,484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1014,yes -484-vitality-1,484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1014,yes -485-context-1,485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,Hausa is widely known and English is spoken by some secondary school students.,bib996,no -485-location-1,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Akwanga Division, Mama District""}",,,bib6944,no -485-location-2,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nasarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nasarawa State, Akwanga LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.907119, 8.406086]]}",,,bib980,no -485-location-3,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""There are three villages where Hasha is the main language, Hashasu (=Yashi Pa), Kusu (Yashi Madaki) and Bwora (Yashi Sarki). Bwora is the largest settlement and generally regarded as the administrative centre. Hasha villages fall within Nassarawa State. They are all east of the main road from Fadan Karshi to Wamba, reached from a turnoff some 25 km. south of Fadan Karshi.""}",,,bib996,no -485-location-4,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwanga LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib7615,yes -485-location-5,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Dogon Daji"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.09992, 6.31666]]}",,,bib7838,no -485-speaker_number-1,485,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -485-speakers-1,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -485-speaker_number-2,485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,400 (SIL); 3000 (Blench est. 1999),bib980,no -485-speakers-2,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,400 (SIL); 3000 (Blench est. 1999),bib980,no -485-speakers-3,485,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000""}",,,bib996,no -485-speaker_number-4,485,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No known documentation exists for this language.,bib7615,yes -485-speakers-4,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No known documentation exists for this language.,bib7615,yes -485-LEI-1,485,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -485-vitality-1,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -485-LEI-2,485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -485-vitality-2,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -485-LEI-3,485,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib996,no -485-transmission-3,485,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib996,no -485-vitality-3,485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib996,no -485-LEI-4,485,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -485-vitality-4,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -4851-context-1,4851,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Pijin in education, business, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most under age 60""}",,"Pijin is the language of choice for the other domains such as education and business, and being the smallest language on Santa Cruz, Nagu is never employed in national nor provincial government, where English and Pijin are the main players... The low regard that others have of their [Nagu] language will have inevitably affected Nagu speakers’ own attitude toward it and may account, in part, for the continued weakening of Nagu.",bib3641,yes -4851-location-1,4851,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.701147, 165.897875]]}",,,bib7945,no -4851-location-2,4851,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""The Nagu language is spoken in several settlements on the southern coast of Santa Cruz. The largest Nagu-speaking village is called Nagu. Nabalue is next, with around 200 people divided into two settlements. A large village, Memawa, is on top of a bluff and a small village Menepmaotu in the inlet below it... Furthermore, a small group of speakers lives in Nambwan Ka\u0308 Ilo\u0308pi which means \u2018Big Bay\u2019. Finally, perhaps 50 Nagu speakers live in Honiara.""}",,,bib3641,yes +suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately threatened.",bib1018,yes +484-LEI-1,484,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1018,yes +484-vitality-1,484,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1018,yes +485-context-1,485,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, English""}",,Hausa is widely known and English is spoken by some secondary school students.,bib1000,no +485-location-1,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Akwanga Division, Mama District""}",,,bib6968,no +485-location-2,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nasarawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nasarawa State, Akwanga LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.907119, 8.406086]]}",,,bib984,no +485-location-3,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""There are three villages where Hasha is the main language, Hashasu (=Yashi Pa), Kusu (Yashi Madaki) and Bwora (Yashi Sarki). Bwora is the largest settlement and generally regarded as the administrative centre. Hasha villages fall within Nassarawa State. They are all east of the main road from Fadan Karshi to Wamba, reached from a turnoff some 25 km. south of Fadan Karshi.""}",,,bib1000,no +485-location-4,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwanga LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib7640,yes +485-location-5,485,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Dogon Daji"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.09992, 6.31666]]}",,,bib7863,no +485-speaker_number-1,485,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +485-speakers-1,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +485-speaker_number-2,485,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,400 (SIL); 3000 (Blench est. 1999),bib984,no +485-speakers-2,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,400 (SIL); 3000 (Blench est. 1999),bib984,no +485-speakers-3,485,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3000""}",,,bib1000,no +485-speaker_number-4,485,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No known documentation exists for this language.,bib7640,yes +485-speakers-4,485,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No known documentation exists for this language.,bib7640,yes +485-LEI-1,485,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +485-vitality-1,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +485-LEI-2,485,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +485-vitality-2,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +485-LEI-3,485,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib1000,no +485-transmission-3,485,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib1000,no +485-vitality-3,485,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The language is still spoken by young people at present.,bib1000,no +485-LEI-4,485,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +485-vitality-4,485,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +4851-context-1,4851,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Pijin in education, business, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Solomon Islands Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most under age 60""}",,"Pijin is the language of choice for the other domains such as education and business, and being the smallest language on Santa Cruz, Nagu is never employed in national nor provincial government, where English and Pijin are the main players... The low regard that others have of their [Nagu] language will have inevitably affected Nagu speakers’ own attitude toward it and may account, in part, for the continued weakening of Nagu.",bib3660,yes +4851-location-1,4851,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.701147, 165.897875]]}",,,bib7970,no +4851-location-2,4851,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""The Nagu language is spoken in several settlements on the southern coast of Santa Cruz. The largest Nagu-speaking village is called Nagu. Nabalue is next, with around 200 people divided into two settlements. A large village, Memawa, is on top of a bluff and a small village Menepmaotu in the inlet below it... Furthermore, a small group of speakers lives in Nambwan Ka\u0308 Ilo\u0308pi which means \u2018Big Bay\u2019. Finally, perhaps 50 Nagu speakers live in Honiara.""}",,,bib3660,yes 4851-location-3,4851,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no 4851-speaker_number-1,4851,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4851-speakers-1,4851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4851-speaker_number-2,4851,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The oldest age group (60+), especially the women, almost exclusively uses Nagu; but some of the men also know Pijin, as well as some of the neighboring languages. The middle age group (31–59) is competent in Nagu and Pijin, and will use Nagu with other Nagu speakers and Pijin with both speakers of other languages and with the youngest age group on occasion... Those aged 10 and above understand and speak more Nagu than their parents realize, but those under 10 speak Nagu to a far lesser extent than their elder brothers and sisters. Some of these youngest children heavily mix Pijin with Nagu.",bib3641,yes -4851-speakers-2,4851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The oldest age group (60+), especially the women, almost exclusively uses Nagu; but some of the men also know Pijin, as well as some of the neighboring languages. The middle age group (31–59) is competent in Nagu and Pijin, and will use Nagu with other Nagu speakers and Pijin with both speakers of other languages and with the youngest age group on occasion... Those aged 10 and above understand and speak more Nagu than their parents realize, but those under 10 speak Nagu to a far lesser extent than their elder brothers and sisters. Some of these youngest children heavily mix Pijin with Nagu.",bib3641,yes +4851-speaker_number-2,4851,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The oldest age group (60+), especially the women, almost exclusively uses Nagu; but some of the men also know Pijin, as well as some of the neighboring languages. The middle age group (31–59) is competent in Nagu and Pijin, and will use Nagu with other Nagu speakers and Pijin with both speakers of other languages and with the youngest age group on occasion... Those aged 10 and above understand and speak more Nagu than their parents realize, but those under 10 speak Nagu to a far lesser extent than their elder brothers and sisters. Some of these youngest children heavily mix Pijin with Nagu.",bib3660,yes +4851-speakers-2,4851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The oldest age group (60+), especially the women, almost exclusively uses Nagu; but some of the men also know Pijin, as well as some of the neighboring languages. The middle age group (31–59) is competent in Nagu and Pijin, and will use Nagu with other Nagu speakers and Pijin with both speakers of other languages and with the youngest age group on occasion... Those aged 10 and above understand and speak more Nagu than their parents realize, but those under 10 speak Nagu to a far lesser extent than their elder brothers and sisters. Some of these youngest children heavily mix Pijin with Nagu.",bib3660,yes 4851-speaker_number-3,4851,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,210 (1999 SIL),bib67,no 4851-speakers-3,4851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""210"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,210 (1999 SIL),bib67,no 4851-LEI-1,4851,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4851-vitality-1,4851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4851-LEI-2,4851,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3641,yes -4851-transmission-2,4851,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3641,yes -4851-domains_of_use-2,4851,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3641,yes -4851-vitality-2,4851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3641,yes +4851-LEI-2,4851,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3660,yes +4851-transmission-2,4851,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3660,yes +4851-domains_of_use-2,4851,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3660,yes +4851-vitality-2,4851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Instead of teaching their children the parents’ languages, Pijin is spoken within the family, and their children acquire it as their first language. [...] Nagu is only spoken in the home, but it is not the exclusive home language since many households also speak Pijin. [...] Unless there is a change in the current pattern of language transmission, Nagu will no longer be spoken within the next two generations since many children are growing up without learning it or desiring to.",bib3660,yes 4851-LEI-3,4851,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4851-vitality-3,4851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4852-context-1,4852,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, Kilba, Honna"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"66%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported using Hausa, Kilba, Fulani, or some combination thereof with their parents, children, and in their immediate community. 100%% of respondents reported using Hausa for trade, ""when discussing serious issues,"" and as their expected language of wider communication. 66%% reported using only Hausa with friends, while 33%% reported using Kilba and Hausa.",bib2555,no -4852-location-1,4852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9904, 12.81]]}",,,bib5307,no -4852-location-2,4852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State, Nigeria""}",,,bib2555,no +4852-context-1,4852,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, Kilba, Honna"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"66%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported using Hausa, Kilba, Fulani, or some combination thereof with their parents, children, and in their immediate community. 100%% of respondents reported using Hausa for trade, ""when discussing serious issues,"" and as their expected language of wider communication. 66%% reported using only Hausa with friends, while 33%% reported using Kilba and Hausa.",bib2568,no +4852-location-1,4852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9904, 12.81]]}",,,bib5330,no +4852-location-2,4852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State, Nigeria""}",,,bib2568,no 4852-location-3,4852,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,yes -4852-speaker_number-1,4852,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4852-speakers-1,4852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4852-speaker_number-1,4852,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4852-speakers-1,4852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4852-speaker_number-2,4852,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4852-speakers-2,4852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4852-speaker_number-3,4852,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CAPRO (1993).,bib67,yes 4852-speakers-3,4852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from CAPRO (1993).,bib67,yes -4852-LEI-1,4852,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4852-vitality-1,4852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4852-LEI-2,4852,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,no -4852-domains_of_use-2,4852,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,no -4852-vitality-2,4852,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2555,no +4852-LEI-1,4852,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4852-vitality-1,4852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4852-LEI-2,4852,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,no +4852-domains_of_use-2,4852,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,no +4852-vitality-2,4852,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"33%% of Ngwaba-speaking respondents reported usually speaking Ngwaba with their parents, their children, and in their immediate community.",bib2568,no 4852-LEI-3,4852,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4852-vitality-3,4852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4852-LEI-4,4852,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4852-vitality-4,4852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4853-location-1,4853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.10053672, 114.9936417]]}",,,bib1182,no +4853-location-1,4853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.10053672, 114.9936417]]}",,,bib1191,no 4853-location-2,4853,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4853-speaker_number-1,4853,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4853-speakers-1,4853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4853-speaker_number-2,4853,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -4853-speakers-2,4853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +4853-speaker_number-2,4853,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +4853-speakers-2,4853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 4853-speaker_number-3,4853,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4853-speakers-3,4853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4853-LEI-1,4853,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4853-vitality-1,4853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4853-LEI-2,4853,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4853-vitality-2,4853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4853-LEI-2,4853,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4853-vitality-2,4853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4853-LEI-3,4853,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4853-vitality-3,4853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4854-context-1,4854,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nimadi""}",,,bib67,yes @@ -49716,73 +49902,73 @@ suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately 4857-vitality-1,4857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4857-LEI-2,4857,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4857-vitality-2,4857,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4859-location-1,4859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.08540036, 135.3815377]]}",,,bib1182,no -4859-speaker_number-1,4859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4859-speakers-1,4859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +4859-location-1,4859,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.08540036, 135.3815377]]}",,,bib1191,no +4859-speaker_number-1,4859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4859-speakers-1,4859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 4859-speaker_number-3,4859,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 4859-speakers-3,4859,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes -4859-LEI-1,4859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4859-vitality-1,4859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4859-LEI-1,4859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4859-vitality-1,4859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4859-LEI-2,4859,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 4859-vitality-2,4859,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -486-context-1,486,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"All the other villages in this area speak varieties of Kulere, a Chadic language. [...] Hausa is widespread and eliciting the wordlist suggested that younger speakers had a tendency to replace some items with their Hausa equivalent.",bib996,yes -486-location-1,486,location,"{""Description"": ""Barkul village, Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib996,yes -486-speaker_number-1,486,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib996,yes -486-speakers-1,486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib996,yes -486-LEI-1,486,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib996,yes -486-domains_of_use-1,486,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib996,yes -486-vitality-1,486,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib996,yes -4861-location-1,4861,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""in the hills of Yavatmal and Vardha districts in Maharashtra and in Adilabad district in Andhara Pradesh""}",,,bib8246,yes -4861-location-2,4861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.8287, 78.2281]]}",,,bib5307,no +486-context-1,486,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"All the other villages in this area speak varieties of Kulere, a Chadic language. [...] Hausa is widespread and eliciting the wordlist suggested that younger speakers had a tendency to replace some items with their Hausa equivalent.",bib1000,yes +486-location-1,486,location,"{""Description"": ""Barkul village, Plateau State, Nigeria""}",,,bib1000,yes +486-speaker_number-1,486,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1000,yes +486-speakers-1,486,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1000,yes +486-LEI-1,486,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib1000,yes +486-domains_of_use-1,486,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib1000,yes +486-vitality-1,486,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Rukul remains the main language of communication and appears to be healthy, inasmuch as a language with so few speakers can be.",bib1000,yes +4861-location-1,4861,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""in the hills of Yavatmal and Vardha districts in Maharashtra and in Adilabad district in Andhara Pradesh""}",,,bib8271,yes +4861-location-2,4861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.8287, 78.2281]]}",,,bib5330,no 4861-location-3,4861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.0, 78.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4861-location-4,4861,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4861-speaker_number-1,4861,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"An estimated 1,500 Yerku tribesmen in the hills of Canda district in Maharashtra speak the related language Naiki.",bib8246,yes -4861-speakers-1,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"An estimated 1,500 Yerku tribesmen in the hills of Canda district in Maharashtra speak the related language Naiki.",bib8246,yes -4861-speaker_number-2,4861,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4861-speakers-2,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4861-speaker_number-1,4861,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"An estimated 1,500 Yerku tribesmen in the hills of Canda district in Maharashtra speak the related language Naiki.",bib8271,yes +4861-speakers-1,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"An estimated 1,500 Yerku tribesmen in the hills of Canda district in Maharashtra speak the related language Naiki.",bib8271,yes +4861-speaker_number-2,4861,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4861-speakers-2,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4861-speaker_number-3,4861,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4861-speakers-3,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4861-speaker_number-4,4861,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 (1989 F. Blair)",bib67,no 4861-speakers-4,4861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 (1989 F. Blair)",bib67,no -4861-LEI-1,4861,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -4861-vitality-1,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -4861-LEI-2,4861,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4861-vitality-2,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4861-LEI-1,4861,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +4861-vitality-1,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +4861-LEI-2,4861,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4861-vitality-2,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4861-LEI-3,4861,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4861-vitality-3,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4861-LEI-4,4861,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4861-vitality-4,4861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4862-context-1,4862,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2120,no -4862-location-1,4862,location,"{""Places"": [""Niue"", ""New Zealand""]}",,,bib2120,no -4862-location-2,4862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.0491, -169.8706]]}",,,bib5307,no +4862-context-1,4862,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2133,no +4862-location-1,4862,location,"{""Places"": [""Niue"", ""New Zealand""]}",,,bib2133,no +4862-location-2,4862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.0491, -169.8706]]}",,,bib5330,no 4862-location-3,4862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.05, -170.116666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4862-location-4,4862,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands"", ""New Zealand"", ""Tonga"", ""Niue""]}",,,bib67,yes -4862-speaker_number-1,4862,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The island of Niue has fewer than 1,700 inhabitants, while the largest number of Niueans, just under 20,000, live in New Zealand and are New Zealand-born (Statistics New Zealand 2002). The 2001 New Zealand Census reports that only 28 percent of Niueans resident in New Zealand can converse in the Niuean language and research has indicated that most of these are older and Niue-bom (Bell, Davis, and Starks 2000; Starks et al. 2003).",bib2120,no -4862-speakers-1,4862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""approximately 21,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The island of Niue has fewer than 1,700 inhabitants, while the largest number of Niueans, just under 20,000, live in New Zealand and are New Zealand-born (Statistics New Zealand 2002). The 2001 New Zealand Census reports that only 28 percent of Niueans resident in New Zealand can converse in the Niuean language and research has indicated that most of these are older and Niue-bom (Bell, Davis, and Starks 2000; Starks et al. 2003).",bib2120,no -4862-speaker_number-2,4862,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4862-speakers-2,4862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4862-speaker_number-1,4862,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The island of Niue has fewer than 1,700 inhabitants, while the largest number of Niueans, just under 20,000, live in New Zealand and are New Zealand-born (Statistics New Zealand 2002). The 2001 New Zealand Census reports that only 28 percent of Niueans resident in New Zealand can converse in the Niuean language and research has indicated that most of these are older and Niue-bom (Bell, Davis, and Starks 2000; Starks et al. 2003).",bib2133,no +4862-speakers-1,4862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""approximately 21,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The island of Niue has fewer than 1,700 inhabitants, while the largest number of Niueans, just under 20,000, live in New Zealand and are New Zealand-born (Statistics New Zealand 2002). The 2001 New Zealand Census reports that only 28 percent of Niueans resident in New Zealand can converse in the Niuean language and research has indicated that most of these are older and Niue-bom (Bell, Davis, and Starks 2000; Starks et al. 2003).",bib2133,no +4862-speaker_number-2,4862,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4862-speakers-2,4862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4862-speaker_number-3,4862,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4862-speakers-3,4862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,941"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4862-speaker_number-4,4862,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,030 in Niue (1998).",bib67,yes 4862-speakers-4,4862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,030 in Niue (1998).",bib67,yes -4862-LEI-1,4862,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2120,no -4862-vitality-1,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2120,no -4862-LEI-2,4862,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4862-vitality-2,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4862-LEI-1,4862,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2133,no +4862-vitality-1,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2133,no +4862-LEI-2,4862,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4862-vitality-2,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4862-LEI-3,4862,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4862-vitality-3,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4862-LEI-4,4862,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4862-vitality-4,4862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4864-location-1,4864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4452, 25.3015]]}",,,bib5307,no +4864-location-1,4864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4452, 25.3015]]}",,,bib5330,no 4864-location-2,4864,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4864-speaker_number-1,4864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4864-speakers-1,4864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4864-speaker_number-1,4864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4864-speakers-1,4864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4864-speaker_number-2,4864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4864-speakers-2,4864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4864-speaker_number-3,4864,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,yes 4864-speakers-3,4864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Voegelin and Voegelin (1977).,bib67,yes -4864-LEI-1,4864,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4864-vitality-1,4864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4864-LEI-1,4864,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4864-vitality-1,4864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4864-LEI-2,4864,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4864-vitality-2,4864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4864-LEI-3,4864,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -49794,54 +49980,54 @@ suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately 4866-transmission-1,4866,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Used until 1960s by Ndyuka, Trio and Wayana peoples for trading. Increasing travel to the coast cut back on that trade, and also gave some opportunity to use Sranan [srn] in contact with the Ndyuka. Few Ndyuka men, even older ones, now know it. Used rarely now.",bib69,yes 4866-vitality-1,4866,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Used until 1960s by Ndyuka, Trio and Wayana peoples for trading. Increasing travel to the coast cut back on that trade, and also gave some opportunity to use Sranan [srn] in contact with the Ndyuka. Few Ndyuka men, even older ones, now know it. Used rarely now.",bib69,yes 4867-context-1,4867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Kom; Meitei""}",,children mix Meitei [mni] in with L1,bib67,no -4867-location-1,4867,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.2319, 93.7463]]}",,,bib5307,no +4867-location-1,4867,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.2319, 93.7463]]}",,,bib5330,no 4867-location-2,4867,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur, Senapati District, Saikul and Kangpokpi subdivisions, 5 villages; Bishnupur District, 3 villages south of Moirang; Chandel District, 2 villages near Palel; Nagaland.""}",,,bib67,no -4867-speaker_number-1,4867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4867-speakers-1,4867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,056"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4867-speaker_number-2,4867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3300,yes -4867-speakers-2,4867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3300,yes +4867-speaker_number-1,4867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4867-speakers-1,4867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,056"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4867-speaker_number-2,4867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3316,yes +4867-speakers-2,4867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3316,yes 4867-speaker_number-3,4867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,056 in Manipur (2001 census).",bib67,no 4867-speakers-3,4867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,056 in Manipur (2001 census).",bib67,no -4867-LEI-1,4867,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4867-vitality-1,4867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4867-LEI-2,4867,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3300,yes -4867-transmission-2,4867,transmission,0,transmission-0,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3300,yes -4867-vitality-2,4867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3300,yes +4867-LEI-1,4867,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4867-vitality-1,4867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4867-LEI-2,4867,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3316,yes +4867-transmission-2,4867,transmission,0,transmission-0,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3316,yes +4867-vitality-2,4867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Not used in schools nor in radio or mass media.,bib3316,yes 4867-LEI-3,4867,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4867-transmission-3,4867,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib67,no 4867-vitality-3,4867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -487-context-1,487,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kulere, Rindre, Hausa, English""}",,"The Horom people are extremely multilingual; they reported fluency in Kulere, Rindre (a Plateau language spoken at the bottom of the escarpment), Hausa and several speakers of English also live in the village.",bib1006,yes -487-location-1,487,location,"{""Places"": [""Horom village in Bokkos district of Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1006,yes -487-location-2,487,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Mangu LGA. One village and one hamlet"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.486, 9.14]]}",,,bib980,no -487-speaker_number-1,487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1006,yes -487-speakers-1,487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1006,yes -487-speaker_number-2,487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,500 (1973 SIL); 1000 (Blench 1998),bib980,no -487-speakers-2,487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,500 (1973 SIL); 1000 (Blench 1998),bib980,no -487-LEI-1,487,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1006,yes -487-transmission-1,487,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1006,yes -487-vitality-1,487,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1006,yes -487-LEI-2,487,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -487-vitality-2,487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -4870-location-1,4870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.919628, 166.611481]]}",,,bib7945,no -4870-location-2,4870,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.85, 166.581]]}",,,bib395,yes +487-context-1,487,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kulere, Rindre, Hausa, English""}",,"The Horom people are extremely multilingual; they reported fluency in Kulere, Rindre (a Plateau language spoken at the bottom of the escarpment), Hausa and several speakers of English also live in the village.",bib1010,yes +487-location-1,487,location,"{""Places"": [""Horom village in Bokkos district of Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib1010,yes +487-location-2,487,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Mangu LGA. One village and one hamlet"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.486, 9.14]]}",,,bib984,no +487-speaker_number-1,487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1010,yes +487-speakers-1,487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1010,yes +487-speaker_number-2,487,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,500 (1973 SIL); 1000 (Blench 1998),bib984,no +487-speakers-2,487,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,500 (1973 SIL); 1000 (Blench 1998),bib984,no +487-LEI-1,487,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1010,yes +487-transmission-1,487,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1010,yes +487-vitality-1,487,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Surprisingly, the language does not seem unduly threatened; during the language elicitation session it seemed that many of the children present were able to produce the required lexical items simultaneously with the adults. This situation may be explained partly by the remoteness of Horom, although remoteness has not prevented the Chadic languages in the Bauchi area from disappearing. [...] Horom culture is still very much alive and presumably this has acted to preserve the language as well.",bib1010,yes +487-LEI-2,487,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +487-vitality-2,487,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +4870-location-1,4870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.919628, 166.611481]]}",,,bib7970,no +4870-location-2,4870,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-14.85, 166.581]]}",,,bib396,yes 4870-location-3,4870,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 4870-speaker_number-1,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4870-speakers-1,4870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4870-speaker_number-2,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -4870-speakers-2,4870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes -4870-speaker_number-3,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7938,no -4870-speakers-3,4870,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7938,no +4870-speaker_number-2,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +4870-speakers-2,4870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes +4870-speaker_number-3,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7963,no +4870-speakers-3,4870,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7963,no 4870-speaker_number-4,4870,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4870-speakers-4,4870,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 4870-LEI-1,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4870-vitality-1,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4870-LEI-2,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -4870-vitality-2,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes -4870-LEI-3,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7938,no -4870-vitality-3,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7938,no +4870-LEI-2,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +4870-vitality-2,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes +4870-LEI-3,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7963,no +4870-vitality-3,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7963,no 4870-LEI-4,4870,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4870-vitality-4,4870,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4871-location-1,4871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.83885, 141.6379]]}",,,bib7945,no +4871-location-1,4871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.83885, 141.6379]]}",,,bib7970,no 4871-location-2,4871,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4871-speaker_number-1,4871,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4871-speakers-1,4871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -49851,183 +50037,183 @@ suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately 4871-vitality-1,4871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4871-LEI-2,4871,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4871-vitality-2,4871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4873-location-1,4873,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.8574, 154.9786]]}",,,bib5307,no +4873-location-1,4873,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.8574, 154.9786]]}",,,bib5330,no 4873-location-2,4873,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.83333333333, 154.916666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4873-location-3,4873,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4873-speaker_number-1,4873,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4873-speakers-1,4873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4873-speaker_number-1,4873,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4873-speakers-1,4873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4873-speaker_number-2,4873,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4873-speakers-2,4873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""860"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4873-speaker_number-3,4873,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,860 in Micronesia (Johnstone 1993). 125 on Ponape.,bib67,yes 4873-speakers-3,4873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,860 in Micronesia (Johnstone 1993). 125 on Ponape.,bib67,yes -4873-LEI-1,4873,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4873-vitality-1,4873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4873-LEI-1,4873,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4873-vitality-1,4873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4873-LEI-2,4873,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4873-vitality-2,4873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4873-LEI-3,4873,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4873-vitality-3,4873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4877-location-1,4877,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4877-location-2,4877,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.37356029, 118.8259443]]}",,,bib1182,no -4877-location-3,4877,location,"{""Description"": ""Ngarla country stretches eastwards along the coast from near the town of Port Hedland and includes the DeGrey and Pardoo pastoral stations.""}",,,bib1590,yes -4877-speaker_number-1,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4877-speakers-1,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,,bib7422,no +4877-location-2,4877,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.37356029, 118.8259443]]}",,,bib1191,no +4877-location-3,4877,location,"{""Description"": ""Ngarla country stretches eastwards along the coast from near the town of Port Hedland and includes the DeGrey and Pardoo pastoral stations.""}",,,bib1602,yes +4877-speaker_number-1,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4877-speakers-1,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,,bib7446,no 4877-speaker_number-2,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,8 (1991 SIL). 10 semispeakers,bib67,no 4877-speakers-2,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,8 (1991 SIL). 10 semispeakers,bib67,no -4877-speaker_number-3,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Today there are very few Ngarla speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Ngarla people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Ngarla heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1590,yes -4877-speakers-3,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Today there are very few Ngarla speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Ngarla people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Ngarla heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1590,yes +4877-speaker_number-3,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Today there are very few Ngarla speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Ngarla people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Ngarla heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1602,yes +4877-speakers-3,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Today there are very few Ngarla speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Ngarla people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Ngarla heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1602,yes 4877-speaker_number-4,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4877-speakers-4,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4877-speaker_number-5,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1991, eight fluent speakers and ten partial speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib7937,no -4877-speakers-5,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,"In 1991, eight fluent speakers and ten partial speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib7937,no -4877-LEI-1,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4877-vitality-1,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4877-speaker_number-5,4877,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1991, eight fluent speakers and ten partial speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib7962,no +4877-speakers-5,4877,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<10""}",,"In 1991, eight fluent speakers and ten partial speakers were reported. Today there are fewer.",bib7962,no +4877-LEI-1,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4877-vitality-1,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4877-LEI-2,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4877-vitality-2,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4877-LEI-3,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1590,yes -4877-vitality-3,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1590,yes +4877-LEI-3,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1602,yes +4877-vitality-3,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1602,yes 4877-LEI-4,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4877-vitality-4,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4877-LEI-5,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -4877-vitality-5,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -4878-location-1,4878,location,"{""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -4878-location-2,4878,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Village Grangal on a tributary of the Pech""}",,,bib740,no +4877-LEI-5,4877,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +4877-vitality-5,4877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +4878-location-1,4878,location,"{""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +4878-location-2,4878,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Village Grangal on a tributary of the Pech""}",,,bib744,no 4878-location-3,4878,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4878-location-4,4878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2355, 71.51]]}",,,bib5307,no +4878-location-4,4878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2355, 71.51]]}",,,bib5330,no 4878-location-5,4878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.577794, 70.614244]]}",,,bib75,no -4878-location-6,4878,location,"{""Description"": ""The dardic language Grangali, at a tributary of the middle Petsch [river] which opens to the right at Gosalak in the Afghani Hindu Kush, was known only by name until 1971.""}",,,bib1335,no -4878-speaker_number-1,4878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib740,no -4878-speakers-1,4878,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib740,no +4878-location-6,4878,location,"{""Description"": ""The dardic language Grangali, at a tributary of the middle Petsch [river] which opens to the right at Gosalak in the Afghani Hindu Kush, was known only by name until 1971.""}",,,bib1344,no +4878-speaker_number-1,4878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib744,no +4878-speakers-1,4878,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib744,no 4878-speaker_number-2,4878,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4878-speakers-2,4878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4878-speaker_number-3,4878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4878-speakers-3,4878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4878-speaker_number-3,4878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4878-speakers-3,4878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4878-speaker_number-4,4878,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4878-speakers-4,4878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4878-LEI-1,4878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4878-vitality-1,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4878-LEI-1,4878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4878-vitality-1,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4878-LEI-2,4878,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4878-vitality-2,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4878-LEI-3,4878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4878-vitality-3,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4878-LEI-3,4878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4878-vitality-3,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4878-LEI-4,4878,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4878-vitality-4,4878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4879-context-1,4879,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Korku; Marathi""}",,,bib67,no 4879-location-1,4879,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.75, 77.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 4879-location-2,4879,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Maharashtra, Buldana district, Jamod Jalgaon tahsil.""}",,,bib67,no -4879-location-3,4879,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5402, 76.0913]]}",,,bib5307,no +4879-location-3,4879,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5402, 76.0913]]}",,,bib5330,no 4879-speaker_number-1,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Parkin (1991). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1987.,bib67,no 4879-speakers-1,4879,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Parkin (1991). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1987.,bib67,no -4879-speaker_number-2,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3266,yes -4879-speakers-2,4879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3266,yes -4879-speaker_number-3,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4879-speakers-3,4879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4879-speaker_number-2,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3282,yes +4879-speakers-2,4879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000-2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3282,yes +4879-speaker_number-3,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4879-speakers-3,4879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4879-speaker_number-4,4879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4879-speakers-4,4879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4879-LEI-2,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4879-vitality-2,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4879-LEI-3,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,yes -4879-vitality-3,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,yes -4879-LEI-4,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4879-vitality-4,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4879-LEI-3,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,yes +4879-vitality-3,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,yes +4879-LEI-4,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4879-vitality-4,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4879-LEI-5,4879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4879-vitality-5,4879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -488-context-2,488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngas, Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All adults""}",,,bib1032,no -488-location-1,488,location,"{""Places"": [""Tapshin village in Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Tapshin is some 25 km. north of the Pankshin-Amper road and reached by a track leading off the main road some 5 km. east of Pankshin. The road can only be traversed by a four-wheel drive and may well be cut off completely in the rainy season."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.329154, 9.474335]]}",,,bib1006,yes -488-location-2,488,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Tapshin village in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Tapshin is \nsome 25 km. north of the Pankshin-Amper road and reached by a track leading off the main road some 5 km. east \nof Pankshin."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.494627, 9.448054]]}",,,bib1032,no -488-speaker_number-1,488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1006,yes -488-speakers-1,488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1006,yes -488-speaker_number-2,488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers cannot be more than 3-4000, depending on the status of Met. The figure of 18,000 given in CAPRO (1995) would appear to be a serious over-estimate.",bib1032,no -488-speakers-2,488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers cannot be more than 3-4000, depending on the status of Met. The figure of 18,000 given in CAPRO (1995) would appear to be a serious over-estimate.",bib1032,no -488-LEI-1,488,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1006,yes -488-transmission-1,488,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1006,yes -488-vitality-1,488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1006,yes -488-LEI-2,488,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1032,no -488-transmission-2,488,transmission,0,transmission-0,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1032,no -488-vitality-2,488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1032,no -4880-location-1,4880,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.32739252, 123.0695845]]}",,,bib1182,no +488-context-2,488,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ngas, Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All adults""}",,,bib1036,no +488-location-1,488,location,"{""Places"": [""Tapshin village in Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Tapshin is some 25 km. north of the Pankshin-Amper road and reached by a track leading off the main road some 5 km. east of Pankshin. The road can only be traversed by a four-wheel drive and may well be cut off completely in the rainy season."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.329154, 9.474335]]}",,,bib1010,yes +488-location-2,488,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Tapshin village in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Tapshin is \nsome 25 km. north of the Pankshin-Amper road and reached by a track leading off the main road some 5 km. east \nof Pankshin."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.494627, 9.448054]]}",,,bib1036,no +488-speaker_number-1,488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1010,yes +488-speakers-1,488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1010,yes +488-speaker_number-2,488,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of speakers cannot be more than 3-4000, depending on the status of Met. The figure of 18,000 given in CAPRO (1995) would appear to be a serious over-estimate.",bib1036,no +488-speakers-2,488,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of speakers cannot be more than 3-4000, depending on the status of Met. The figure of 18,000 given in CAPRO (1995) would appear to be a serious over-estimate.",bib1036,no +488-LEI-1,488,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1010,yes +488-transmission-1,488,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1010,yes +488-vitality-1,488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of loanwords from Hausa and Ngas, as is sometimes the case.",bib1010,yes +488-LEI-2,488,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1036,no +488-transmission-2,488,transmission,0,transmission-0,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1036,no +488-vitality-2,488,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"On the face of it, Sur should be a prime candidate for language loss. All adults appear to be fluent in Ngas and Hausa and Tapshin is an enclave within the Ngas, by whom they are culturally dominated... However, it was apparent during the interviews that even young children are learning the language and there is no evidence of a decline in competence. Even more surprisingly, but no doubt related, the language is by no means full of Hausa and Ngas loanwords, as is sometimes the case in such situations.",bib1036,no +4880-location-1,4880,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.32739252, 123.0695845]]}",,,bib1191,no 4880-speaker_number-1,4880,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4880-speakers-1,4880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4880-speaker_number-2,4880,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4880-speakers-2,4880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4880-speaker_number-2,4880,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4880-speakers-2,4880,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4880-LEI-1,4880,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4880-vitality-1,4880,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4880-LEI-2,4880,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4880-vitality-2,4880,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4881-location-1,4881,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Probably no longer Chad or Cameroon""}",,,bib6944,no +4880-LEI-2,4880,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4880-vitality-2,4880,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4881-location-1,4881,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Probably no longer Chad or Cameroon""}",,,bib6968,no 4881-location-2,4881,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""North Province, Benoue Division, Basheo Subdivision, Gorimbari village; Mayo-Louti Division, Guider Subdivision, Padjara-Djabi and Badjire villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.116667, 13.716667], [9.9341667, 13.9486111]]}",,,bib67,yes 4881-speaker_number-1,4881,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4881-speakers-1,4881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4881-speaker_number-3,4881,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Extinct in Chad and Cameroon; only exists in Nigeria,bib6944,no -4881-speakers-3,4881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Extinct in Chad and Cameroon; only exists in Nigeria,bib6944,no +4881-speaker_number-3,4881,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Extinct in Chad and Cameroon; only exists in Nigeria,bib6968,no +4881-speakers-3,4881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Extinct in Chad and Cameroon; only exists in Nigeria,bib6968,no 4881-speakers-4,4881,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""130"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers.,bib67,yes 4881-LEI-1,4881,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4881-vitality-1,4881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4881-LEI-2,4881,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4881-vitality-2,4881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +4881-LEI-2,4881,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4881-vitality-2,4881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 4881-LEI-3,4881,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,yes 4881-vitality-3,4881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,yes -4883-location-1,4883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6299, 150.0128]]}",,,bib5307,no +4883-location-1,4883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.6299, 150.0128]]}",,,bib5330,no 4883-location-2,4883,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4883-speaker_number-1,4883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4883-speakers-1,4883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""944"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4883-speaker_number-1,4883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4883-speakers-1,4883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""944"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4883-speaker_number-2,4883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4883-speakers-2,4883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""944"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4883-speaker_number-3,4883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,940 (1989 census),bib67,yes 4883-speakers-3,4883,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""940"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,940 (1989 census),bib67,yes -4883-LEI-1,4883,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4883-vitality-1,4883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4883-LEI-1,4883,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4883-vitality-1,4883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4883-LEI-2,4883,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4883-vitality-2,4883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4883-LEI-3,4883,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4883-vitality-3,4883,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4884-location-1,4884,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.0, -120.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4884-location-2,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""California, northern Sierras, Plumas and Lassen counties.""}",,,bib67,no -4884-location-3,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.4134, -120.6738]]}",,,bib5307,no -4884-location-4,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally occupied the northern Sierra Nevada and the Honey Lake Valley, east and south of Lassen Peak in northeastern California. Some Maidu descendants are members of the small Susanville and Greenville Rancherias, but most live away from tribal land in scattered locations in Plumas and Lassen County.""}",,,bib5217,yes -4884-location-5,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.4134, -120.6738]]}",,,bib1709,no +4884-location-3,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.4134, -120.6738]]}",,,bib5330,no +4884-location-4,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally occupied the northern Sierra Nevada and the Honey Lake Valley, east and south of Lassen Peak in northeastern California. Some Maidu descendants are members of the small Susanville and Greenville Rancherias, but most live away from tribal land in scattered locations in Plumas and Lassen County.""}",,,bib5240,yes +4884-location-5,4884,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[40.4134, -120.6738]]}",,,bib1721,no 4884-speaker_number-1,4884,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"2 (1994 L. Hinton). Ethnic population: 110 (2000 census). 1 (1994 L. Hinton), only a few semispeakers (Golla 2007). (2016.)",bib67,no 4884-speakers-1,4884,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""110"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"2 (1994 L. Hinton). Ethnic population: 110 (2000 census). 1 (1994 L. Hinton), only a few semispeakers (Golla 2007). (2016.)",bib67,no -4884-speaker_number-2,4884,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -4884-speakers-2,4884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -4884-speakers-3,4884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Only a few semi-speakers of Maidu remain, but there is considerable interest in revitalization.",bib5217,yes +4884-speaker_number-2,4884,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +4884-speakers-2,4884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +4884-speakers-3,4884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Only a few semi-speakers of Maidu remain, but there is considerable interest in revitalization.",bib5240,yes 4884-speaker_number-4,4884,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4884-speakers-4,4884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4884-LEI-1,4884,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4884-vitality-1,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4884-LEI-2,4884,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4884-vitality-2,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4884-LEI-3,4884,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -4884-vitality-3,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes +4884-LEI-2,4884,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4884-vitality-2,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4884-LEI-3,4884,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +4884-vitality-3,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes 4884-LEI-4,4884,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4884-vitality-4,4884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4885-location-1,4885,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.07538021, 139.0719368]]}",,,bib1182,no +4885-location-1,4885,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.07538021, 139.0719368]]}",,,bib1191,no 4885-location-2,4885,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4885-speaker_number-1,4885,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4885-speakers-1,4885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4885-speaker_number-2,4885,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4885-speakers-2,4885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4885-speaker_number-2,4885,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4885-speakers-2,4885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4885-speakers-3,4885,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003).,bib67,no 4885-LEI-1,4885,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4885-vitality-1,4885,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4885-LEI-2,4885,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4885-vitality-2,4885,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4887-location-1,4887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.906858, 137.740956]]}",,,bib7945,no +4885-LEI-2,4885,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4885-vitality-2,4885,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4887-location-1,4887,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.906858, 137.740956]]}",,,bib7970,no 4887-speaker_number-1,4887,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,yes 4887-speakers-1,4887,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,yes 4887-LEI-1,4887,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4887-vitality-1,4887,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -489-context-1,489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib1013,yes -489-location-1,489,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Ungwar Nungu village in Kaduna State, Nigeria... Ayu speakers live in the following villages: Kongon, Gwade, Tayu, Arau, Diger, Ikwa [=Mayir], Agamati, Anka Ambel and Amantu all in the hilly region around Fadan Ayu."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.293779, 8.615738]]}",,,bib1013,yes -489-speaker_number-1,489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The number of ethnic Ayu might be as high as 10,000 given the relatively large settlements, but truly fluent speakers are probably only in the hundreds. Nonetheless, there are many individuals with a fragmentary knowledge of the language.",bib1013,yes -489-speakers-1,489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""only in the hundreds"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The number of ethnic Ayu might be as high as 10,000 given the relatively large settlements, but truly fluent speakers are probably only in the hundreds. Nonetheless, there are many individuals with a fragmentary knowledge of the language.",bib1013,yes -489-LEI-1,489,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1013,yes -489-transmission-1,489,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1013,yes -489-domains_of_use-1,489,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1013,yes -489-speaker_number_trends-1,489,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1013,yes -489-vitality-1,489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1013,yes -4890-location-1,4890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.62, 142.03]]}",,,bib5307,no +489-context-1,489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib1017,yes +489-location-1,489,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Ungwar Nungu village in Kaduna State, Nigeria... Ayu speakers live in the following villages: Kongon, Gwade, Tayu, Arau, Diger, Ikwa [=Mayir], Agamati, Anka Ambel and Amantu all in the hilly region around Fadan Ayu."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.293779, 8.615738]]}",,,bib1017,yes +489-speaker_number-1,489,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The number of ethnic Ayu might be as high as 10,000 given the relatively large settlements, but truly fluent speakers are probably only in the hundreds. Nonetheless, there are many individuals with a fragmentary knowledge of the language.",bib1017,yes +489-speakers-1,489,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""only in the hundreds"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001-2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The number of ethnic Ayu might be as high as 10,000 given the relatively large settlements, but truly fluent speakers are probably only in the hundreds. Nonetheless, there are many individuals with a fragmentary knowledge of the language.",bib1017,yes +489-LEI-1,489,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1017,yes +489-transmission-1,489,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1017,yes +489-domains_of_use-1,489,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1017,yes +489-speaker_number_trends-1,489,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1017,yes +489-vitality-1,489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many of the ethnic Ayu living [near Fadan Ayu] have only a limited command of the language. The dominant language is this area is Hausa and almost the entire population seems fluent in it... Children appear to have a passive knowledge of Ayu but do not speak it on a daily basis. Even the older generation are easily at a loss for words in Ayu and it seems that it is not spoken all that much on a daily basis. Despite this, the Ayu are intensely proud of their culture and history and it clear that Ayu identity is not under threat. Consequently the loss of the language could probably be reversed.",bib1017,yes +4890-location-1,4890,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.62, 142.03]]}",,,bib5330,no 4890-location-2,4890,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4890-speaker_number-1,4890,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4890-speakers-1,4890,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -50037,186 +50223,186 @@ suggests that both language and culture are very strong and are not immediately 4890-vitality-1,4890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4890-LEI-2,4890,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4890-vitality-2,4890,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4891-location-1,4891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.540011, 167.059861]]}",,,bib7945,no -4891-location-2,4891,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.536871, 167.024129]]}",,,bib395,no +4891-location-1,4891,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.540011, 167.059861]]}",,,bib7970,no +4891-location-2,4891,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.536871, 167.024129]]}",,,bib396,no 4891-location-3,4891,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes 4891-speaker_number-1,4891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4891-speakers-1,4891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4891-speaker_number-2,4891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -4891-speakers-2,4891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +4891-speaker_number-2,4891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +4891-speakers-2,4891,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 4891-speaker_number-3,4891,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,160 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ethnic population: 225.,bib67,yes 4891-speakers-3,4891,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,160 (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Ethnic population: 225.,bib67,yes 4891-LEI-1,4891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4891-vitality-1,4891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4891-LEI-2,4891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -4891-vitality-2,4891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +4891-LEI-2,4891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +4891-vitality-2,4891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 4891-LEI-3,4891,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4891-vitality-3,4891,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4892-location-1,4892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.98243877, 132.2517098]]}",,,bib1182,no +4892-location-1,4892,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.98243877, 132.2517098]]}",,,bib1191,no 4892-speaker_number-1,4892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4892-speakers-1,4892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4892-speaker_number-2,4892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4892-speakers-2,4892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4892-speaker_number-2,4892,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4892-speakers-2,4892,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4892-LEI-1,4892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4892-vitality-1,4892,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4892-LEI-2,4892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4892-speaker_number_trends-2,4892,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7422,yes -4892-vitality-2,4892,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7422,yes -4894-context-1,4894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chagga""}",,,bib6944,no -4894-context-2,4894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chaga""}",,"Young people now tend to speak Chaga, a Bantu (Niger-Congo) language.",bib7615,yes -4894-location-1,4894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.932, 37.4853]]}",,,bib5307,no -4894-location-2,4894,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""...northeastern slopes of Kilimanjaro in the three localities Ubetu, Reha and Kahe between the valleys Makuku and Machima near the Kenyan/Tanzanian border.""}",,,bib6944,no -4894-location-3,4894,location,"{""Description"": ""Eastern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro.""}",,,bib7615,yes +4892-LEI-2,4892,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4892-speaker_number_trends-2,4892,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7446,yes +4892-vitality-2,4892,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7446,yes +4894-context-1,4894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chagga""}",,,bib6968,no +4894-context-2,4894,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chaga""}",,"Young people now tend to speak Chaga, a Bantu (Niger-Congo) language.",bib7640,yes +4894-location-1,4894,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.932, 37.4853]]}",,,bib5330,no +4894-location-2,4894,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""...northeastern slopes of Kilimanjaro in the three localities Ubetu, Reha and Kahe between the valleys Makuku and Machima near the Kenyan/Tanzanian border.""}",,,bib6968,no +4894-location-3,4894,location,"{""Description"": ""Eastern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro.""}",,,bib7640,yes 4894-location-4,4894,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania"", ""Kenya""]}",,,bib67,no -4894-speaker_number-1,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4894-speakers-1,4894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4894-speaker_number-2,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -4894-speakers-2,4894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -4894-speaker_number-3,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 to 300 mostly elderly speakers.,bib7615,yes -4894-speakers-3,4894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 to 300 mostly elderly speakers.,bib7615,yes +4894-speaker_number-1,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4894-speakers-1,4894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4894-speaker_number-2,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +4894-speakers-2,4894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +4894-speaker_number-3,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 to 300 mostly elderly speakers.,bib7640,yes +4894-speakers-3,4894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 to 300 mostly elderly speakers.,bib7640,yes 4894-speaker_number-4,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4894-speakers-4,4894,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4894-speaker_number-5,4894,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"250 (1983). Ethnic population: 4,285 (2000).",bib67,no 4894-speakers-5,4894,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,285"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Speakers 1983, population 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"250 (1983). Ethnic population: 4,285 (2000).",bib67,no -4894-LEI-1,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4894-vitality-1,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4894-LEI-2,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -4894-vitality-2,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -4894-LEI-3,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4894-vitality-3,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4894-LEI-1,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4894-vitality-1,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4894-LEI-2,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +4894-vitality-2,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +4894-LEI-3,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4894-vitality-3,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4894-LEI-4,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4894-vitality-4,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4894-LEI-5,4894,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4894-vitality-5,4894,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4896-context-1,4896,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive, loyal""}",,"In Nova Scotia, some MSL users consciously chose to adopt ASL; for others it was a gradual and naturally occurring process.... Increased exposure through television and interpretation in ASL and increased face-to-face interaction with ASL users played a role.",bib7990,yes -4896-location-1,4896,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island""}",,,bib7915,no +4896-context-1,4896,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive, loyal""}",,"In Nova Scotia, some MSL users consciously chose to adopt ASL; for others it was a gradual and naturally occurring process.... Increased exposure through television and interpretation in ASL and increased face-to-face interaction with ASL users played a role.",bib8015,yes +4896-location-1,4896,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island""}",,,bib7940,no 4896-location-2,4896,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[45.04, -63.88]]}",,,bib75,no 4896-location-3,4896,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island""}",,,bib67,no -4896-speaker_number-1,4896,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Although the majority of Canada's Deaf population currently uses American Sign Language (ASL), some Deaf people continue to use MSL, which is thought to stem from British Sign Language (BSL). ASL is quickly encroaching on MSL and is now the dominant language for Deaf people in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. There are an estimated fewer than 100 MSL users.",bib7990,yes -4896-speakers-1,4896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Although the majority of Canada's Deaf population currently uses American Sign Language (ASL), some Deaf people continue to use MSL, which is thought to stem from British Sign Language (BSL). ASL is quickly encroaching on MSL and is now the dominant language for Deaf people in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. There are an estimated fewer than 100 MSL users.",bib7990,yes -4896-speaker_number-2,4896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2009),bib7915,no -4896-speakers-2,4896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2009),bib7915,no +4896-speaker_number-1,4896,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Although the majority of Canada's Deaf population currently uses American Sign Language (ASL), some Deaf people continue to use MSL, which is thought to stem from British Sign Language (BSL). ASL is quickly encroaching on MSL and is now the dominant language for Deaf people in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. There are an estimated fewer than 100 MSL users.",bib8015,yes +4896-speakers-1,4896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Although the majority of Canada's Deaf population currently uses American Sign Language (ASL), some Deaf people continue to use MSL, which is thought to stem from British Sign Language (BSL). ASL is quickly encroaching on MSL and is now the dominant language for Deaf people in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. There are an estimated fewer than 100 MSL users.",bib8015,yes +4896-speaker_number-2,4896,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2009),bib7940,no +4896-speakers-2,4896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2009),bib7940,no 4896-speakers-3,4896,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -4896-LEI-1,4896,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib7990,yes -4896-transmission-1,4896,transmission,5,transmission-5,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib7990,yes -4896-vitality-1,4896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib7990,yes -4896-LEI-2,4896,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -4896-vitality-2,4896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no +4896-LEI-1,4896,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib8015,yes +4896-transmission-1,4896,transmission,5,transmission-5,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib8015,yes +4896-vitality-1,4896,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"[In 1961] the Deaf community was divided according to age and geographic location. There was no intergenerational contact between Deaf people, and therefore, no transmission of MSL language or culture. Deaf students had little exposure to MSL and MSL users.",bib8015,yes +4896-LEI-2,4896,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +4896-vitality-2,4896,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no 4898-location-1,4898,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.0, -121.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4898-location-2,4898,location,"{""Places"": [""California""]}",,"Nisenan descendants live at Auburn Rancheria in Placer County, Shingle -Springs Rancheria in El Dorado County, and in other scattered locations in the area.",bib5217,no +Springs Rancheria in El Dorado County, and in other scattered locations in the area.",bib5240,no 4898-speaker_number-1,4898,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,yes 4898-speakers-1,4898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,yes -4898-speakers-2,4898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5217,no +4898-speakers-2,4898,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5240,no 4898-LEI-1,4898,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4898-vitality-1,4898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -4898-LEI-2,4898,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -4898-vitality-2,4898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -4899-location-1,4899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.452, 51.3006]]}",,,bib5307,no +4898-LEI-2,4898,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +4898-vitality-2,4898,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +4899-location-1,4899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.452, 51.3006]]}",,,bib5330,no 4899-location-2,4899,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.466425, 51.951697]]}",,,bib75,no 4899-location-3,4899,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -4899-speaker_number-1,4899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4899-speakers-1,4899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4899-speaker_number-1,4899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4899-speakers-1,4899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4899-speaker_number-2,4899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4899-speakers-2,4899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,033"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4899-speaker_number-3,4899,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,030 (2000)",bib67,yes 4899-speakers-3,4899,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,030 (2000)",bib67,yes -4899-LEI-1,4899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4899-vitality-1,4899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4899-LEI-1,4899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4899-vitality-1,4899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4899-LEI-2,4899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4899-vitality-2,4899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4899-LEI-3,4899,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4899-vitality-3,4899,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 490-context-1,490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral/negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The Seni people have essentially switched to becoming Hausa speaking and are broadly Muslim. They now call themselves the Shenawa and their language Shenanci. The loss of the -language is taken as a fait accompli. There is no interest in reviving it and its continued existence is simply a curiosity to most residents.",bib5485,yes -490-location-1,490,location,"{""Description"": ""The Seni live east of the Jos-Zaria road which runs north of Jos, in Lere Local government area, Kaduna State, although still on the Jos Plateau."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.383333, 8.75]]}",,,bib5485,yes -490-location-2,490,location,"{""Description"": ""Gurjiya, which means 'Red-flowered Silk Cotton Tree' (or 'Bambara groundnuts') in Hausa is situated to the east of Ganji... 72 kilometers from Jos. Other settlements of the Sheni mentioned are Shemare and Tudu...""}",,,bib6794,no +language is taken as a fait accompli. There is no interest in reviving it and its continued existence is simply a curiosity to most residents.",bib5508,yes +490-location-1,490,location,"{""Description"": ""The Seni live east of the Jos-Zaria road which runs north of Jos, in Lere Local government area, Kaduna State, although still on the Jos Plateau."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.383333, 8.75]]}",,,bib5508,yes +490-location-2,490,location,"{""Description"": ""Gurjiya, which means 'Red-flowered Silk Cotton Tree' (or 'Bambara groundnuts') in Hausa is situated to the east of Ganji... 72 kilometers from Jos. Other settlements of the Sheni mentioned are Shemare and Tudu...""}",,,bib6818,no 490-location-3,490,location,"{""Places"": [""\""Sheni is spoken at 8\u00b045'E, 10\u00b025'N"", ""Sheni is a few miles south of Rahama Station on Jos-Zaria railway.\""""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.416667, 8.75]]}",,,bib39,no -490-speaker_number-1,490,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5485,yes -490-speakers-1,490,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10-15"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,,bib5485,yes -490-speaker_number-2,490,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,May have a few hundred speakers left.,bib7615,no -490-speakers-2,490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,May have a few hundred speakers left.,bib7615,no -490-LEI-1,490,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5485,yes -490-transmission-1,490,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5485,yes -490-speaker_number_trends-1,490,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5485,yes -490-vitality-1,490,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5485,yes -490-LEI-2,490,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -490-vitality-2,490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -4900-location-1,4900,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.22804, 142.5105]]}",,,bib7945,no +490-speaker_number-1,490,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5508,yes +490-speakers-1,490,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10-15"", ""Elders"": ""5""}",,,bib5508,yes +490-speaker_number-2,490,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,May have a few hundred speakers left.,bib7640,no +490-speakers-2,490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,May have a few hundred speakers left.,bib7640,no +490-LEI-1,490,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5508,yes +490-transmission-1,490,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5508,yes +490-speaker_number_trends-1,490,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5508,yes +490-vitality-1,490,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5508,yes +490-LEI-2,490,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +490-vitality-2,490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +4900-location-1,4900,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.22804, 142.5105]]}",,,bib7970,no 4900-location-2,4900,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti district. 1 village.""}",,,bib69,no -4900-location-3,4900,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Swagup village""}",,,bib4545,yes +4900-location-3,4900,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Swagup village""}",,,bib4566,yes 4900-speaker_number-1,4900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4900-speakers-1,4900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""178"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4900-speaker_number-2,4900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 4900-speakers-2,4900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -4900-speaker_number-3,4900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -4900-speakers-3,4900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +4900-speaker_number-3,4900,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +4900-speakers-3,4900,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 4900-LEI-1,4900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4900-vitality-1,4900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4900-LEI-2,4900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4900-vitality-2,4900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4900-LEI-3,4900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -4900-vitality-3,4900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -4901-location-1,4901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.92708592, 131.1442419]]}",,,bib1182,no +4900-LEI-3,4900,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +4900-vitality-3,4900,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +4901-location-1,4901,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.92708592, 131.1442419]]}",,,bib1191,no 4901-location-2,4901,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4901-speaker_number-1,4901,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4901-speakers-1,4901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4901-speaker_number-2,4901,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4901-speakers-2,4901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4901-speaker_number-2,4901,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4901-speakers-2,4901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4901-speaker_number-3,4901,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 4901-speakers-3,4901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no 4901-speakers-4,4901,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely that any speakers remain."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely that any speakers remain (Wurm 2003).,bib67,no 4901-LEI-1,4901,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4901-vitality-1,4901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4901-LEI-2,4901,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4901-vitality-2,4901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4901-LEI-2,4901,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4901-vitality-2,4901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4901-LEI-3,4901,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 4901-vitality-3,4901,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -4902-location-1,4902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.7331, 129.5288]]}",,,bib5307,no +4902-location-1,4902,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.7331, 129.5288]]}",,,bib5330,no 4902-location-2,4902,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4902-speaker_number-1,4902,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4902-speakers-1,4902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4902-speaker_number-1,4902,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4902-speakers-1,4902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4902-speaker_number-2,4902,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4902-speakers-2,4902,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4902-speaker_number-3,4902,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes 4902-speakers-3,4902,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,226"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the ethnic population comes from SIL (1989).,bib67,yes -4902-LEI-1,4902,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4902-vitality-1,4902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4902-LEI-1,4902,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4902-vitality-1,4902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4902-LEI-2,4902,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4902-vitality-2,4902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4902-LEI-3,4902,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4902-vitality-3,4902,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4904-context-1,4904,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu and Chinese (for Anong of China)"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All bilingual in Lisu which serves as the dominant language; people who went to school also speak a local Chinese dialect; intermarriage with Lisu is very common.,bib4694,yes -4904-context-2,4904,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisa; Chinese; Rawang; Jinghpaw; Burmese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Lisu and Chinese in China; Mvtwang Rawang, Jinghpaw Kachin and Burmese in Myanmar",bib1205,no +4904-context-1,4904,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu and Chinese (for Anong of China)"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All bilingual in Lisu which serves as the dominant language; people who went to school also speak a local Chinese dialect; intermarriage with Lisu is very common.,bib4716,yes +4904-context-2,4904,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisa; Chinese; Rawang; Jinghpaw; Burmese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Lisu and Chinese in China; Mvtwang Rawang, Jinghpaw Kachin and Burmese in Myanmar",bib1214,no 4904-location-1,4904,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3333333333, 98.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4904-location-2,4904,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -4904-location-3,4904,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Fugong County in the Nujiang Lisu Prefecture of Yunnan Province in China (\u4e2d\u570b\u96f2\u5357\u7701\u6012\u6c5f\u5088\u50f3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u798f\u8ca2\u7e23)."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.1, 98.7]]}",,,bib4694,yes -4904-location-4,4904,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2, 98.6333]]}",,,bib5307,no -4904-location-5,4904,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""central Fugong county in Yunnan, China; southeastern Putao of northeastern Kachin State, Myanmar.""}",,,bib1205,no +4904-location-3,4904,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""Fugong County in the Nujiang Lisu Prefecture of Yunnan Province in China (\u4e2d\u570b\u96f2\u5357\u7701\u6012\u6c5f\u5088\u50f3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u798f\u8ca2\u7e23)."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.1, 98.7]]}",,,bib4716,yes +4904-location-4,4904,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.2, 98.6333]]}",,,bib5330,no +4904-location-5,4904,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""central Fugong county in Yunnan, China; southeastern Putao of northeastern Kachin State, Myanmar.""}",,,bib1214,no 4904-speaker_number-1,4904,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley).",bib67,no 4904-speakers-1,4904,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley).",bib67,no -4904-speaker_number-2,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves ""Anong"". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).",bib4694,yes -4904-speakers-2,4904,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000 in China"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 4040 (40 in China)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves ""Anong"". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).",bib4694,yes -4904-speaker_number-3,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4904-speakers-3,4904,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4904-speaker_number-4,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar",bib1205,no -4904-speakers-4,4904,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,300 (7300 in China)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar",bib1205,no +4904-speaker_number-2,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves ""Anong"". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).",bib4716,yes +4904-speakers-2,4904,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000 in China"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 4040 (40 in China)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves ""Anong"". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).",bib4716,yes +4904-speaker_number-3,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4904-speakers-3,4904,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4904-speaker_number-4,4904,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar",bib1214,no +4904-speakers-4,4904,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,300 (7300 in China)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar",bib1214,no 4904-speaker_number-5,4904,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4904-speakers-5,4904,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4904-LEI-1,4904,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4904-vitality-1,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4904-LEI-2,4904,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4694,yes -4904-transmission-2,4904,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4694,yes -4904-domains_of_use-2,4904,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4694,yes -4904-speaker_number_trends-2,4904,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4694,yes -4904-vitality-2,4904,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4694,yes -4904-LEI-3,4904,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4904-vitality-3,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4904-LEI-4,4904,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -4904-vitality-4,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +4904-LEI-2,4904,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4716,yes +4904-transmission-2,4904,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4716,yes +4904-domains_of_use-2,4904,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4716,yes +4904-speaker_number_trends-2,4904,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4716,yes +4904-vitality-2,4904,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4716,yes +4904-LEI-3,4904,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4904-vitality-3,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4904-LEI-4,4904,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +4904-vitality-4,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 4904-LEI-5,4904,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4904-vitality-5,4904,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4906-location-1,4906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.43713, 148.3008]]}",,,bib7945,no +4906-location-1,4906,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.43713, 148.3008]]}",,,bib7970,no 4906-location-2,4906,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 4906-speaker_number-1,4906,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4906-speakers-1,4906,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""190"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -50226,17 +50412,17 @@ language is taken as a fait accompli. There is no interest in reviving it and i 4906-vitality-1,4906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4906-LEI-2,4906,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4906-vitality-2,4906,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4907-location-1,4907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.00086144, 141.7753193]]}",,,bib1182,no +4907-location-1,4907,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.00086144, 141.7753193]]}",,,bib1191,no 4907-location-2,4907,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4907-speaker_number-1,4907,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4907-speakers-1,4907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4907-speaker_number-2,4907,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4907-speakers-2,4907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4907-speaker_number-2,4907,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4907-speakers-2,4907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4907-speakers-3,4907,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unlikely any speakers remain"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain (Wurm 2003),bib67,no 4907-LEI-1,4907,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4907-vitality-1,4907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4907-LEI-2,4907,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4907-vitality-2,4907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4907-LEI-2,4907,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4907-vitality-2,4907,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4908-location-1,4908,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.88, 104.33]]}",,,bib75,no 4908-location-2,4908,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,yes 4908-speaker_number-1,4908,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -50247,64 +50433,64 @@ language is taken as a fait accompli. There is no interest in reviving it and i 4908-vitality-1,4908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4908-LEI-2,4908,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4908-vitality-2,4908,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4909-location-1,4909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8519, 53.1573]]}",,,bib5307,no +4909-location-1,4909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.8519, 53.1573]]}",,,bib5330,no 4909-location-2,4909,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.176006, 53.750797]]}",,,bib75,no 4909-location-3,4909,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes -4909-speaker_number-1,4909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4909-speakers-1,4909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4909-speaker_number-1,4909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4909-speakers-1,4909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4909-speaker_number-2,4909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4909-speakers-2,4909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,033"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4909-speaker_number-3,4909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,030 (2000)",bib67,yes 4909-speakers-3,4909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,030 (2000)",bib67,yes -4909-LEI-1,4909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4909-vitality-1,4909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4909-LEI-1,4909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4909-vitality-1,4909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4909-LEI-2,4909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4909-vitality-2,4909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4909-LEI-3,4909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4909-vitality-3,4909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4910-location-1,4910,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.82290222, 146.1701373]]}",,,bib1182,no +4910-location-1,4910,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.82290222, 146.1701373]]}",,,bib1191,no 4910-speaker_number-1,4910,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4910-speakers-1,4910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4910-speaker_number-2,4910,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -4910-speakers-2,4910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +4910-speaker_number-2,4910,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +4910-speakers-2,4910,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 4910-LEI-1,4910,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4910-vitality-1,4910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4910-LEI-2,4910,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4910-vitality-2,4910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -4911-location-1,4911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.87658868, 122.8231991]]}",,,bib1182,no +4910-LEI-2,4910,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4910-vitality-2,4910,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +4911-location-1,4911,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.87658868, 122.8231991]]}",,,bib1191,no 4911-speaker_number-1,4911,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,yes 4911-speakers-1,4911,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,yes -4911-speakers-2,4911,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib7422,no +4911-speakers-2,4911,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib7446,no 4911-LEI-1,4911,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,yes 4911-vitality-1,4911,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes -4912-context-1,4912,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (French), business and commerce (Fulfulde)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib626,no +4912-context-1,4912,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (French), business and commerce (Fulfulde)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib629,no 4912-location-1,4912,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""North region: B\u00e9nou\u00e9 division, Pitoa subdivision, Gobtik\u00e9r\u00e9, Ouro B\u00e9, and Ouro Badjouma areas."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.466672, 13.850012], [9.316669, 13.683297], [9.399888, 13.666657]]}",,,bib69,yes -4912-location-2,4912,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Possibly around Gobtik\u00e9r\u00e9, Ouro B\u00e9, and Ouro Badjouma, in Pitoa Subdivision, Benoue Division""}",,,bib626,no +4912-location-2,4912,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Possibly around Gobtik\u00e9r\u00e9, Ouro B\u00e9, and Ouro Badjouma, in Pitoa Subdivision, Benoue Division""}",,,bib629,no 4912-speakers-1,4912,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,May not have any remaining speakers.,bib69,yes 4912-LEI-1,4912,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4912-vitality-1,4912,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4913-location-1,4913,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ocuiltec is spoken at scattered ranches around the village of San Juan Atzingo."", ""Coordinates"": [[19.003075, -99.231114]]}",,,bib5731,no +4913-location-1,4913,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ocuiltec is spoken at scattered ranches around the village of San Juan Atzingo."", ""Coordinates"": [[19.003075, -99.231114]]}",,,bib5755,no 4913-location-2,4913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9166666667, -99.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4913-location-3,4913,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,no -4913-location-4,4913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9664, -99.4137]]}",,,bib5307,no +4913-location-4,4913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9664, -99.4137]]}",,,bib5330,no 4913-location-5,4913,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.39, -99.92]]}",,,bib75,no 4913-speaker_number-1,4913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,75 (1993 SIL). Ethnic population: 642 (1990 census),bib67,no 4913-speakers-1,4913,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""642"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993 speakers, 1990 (census) population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,75 (1993 SIL). Ethnic population: 642 (1990 census),bib67,no -4913-speaker_number-2,4913,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4913-speakers-2,4913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""405"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4913-speaker_number-2,4913,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4913-speakers-2,4913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""405"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4913-speaker_number-3,4913,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4913-speakers-3,4913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4913-speaker_number-4,4913,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1547,yes -4913-speakers-4,4913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""737"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1547,yes +4913-speaker_number-4,4913,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1559,yes +4913-speakers-4,4913,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""737"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1559,yes 4913-LEI-1,4913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4913-vitality-1,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4913-LEI-2,4913,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4913-vitality-2,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4913-LEI-2,4913,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4913-vitality-2,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4913-LEI-3,4913,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4913-vitality-3,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4913-LEI-4,4913,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -4913-vitality-4,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes -4914-location-1,4914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3077, 8.2672]]}",,,bib5307,no +4913-LEI-4,4913,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +4913-vitality-4,4913,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes +4914-location-1,4914,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3077, 8.2672]]}",,,bib5330,no 4914-location-2,4914,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,yes 4914-speaker_number-1,4914,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4914-speakers-1,4914,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no @@ -50314,114 +50500,114 @@ language is taken as a fait accompli. There is no interest in reviving it and i 4914-vitality-1,4914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4914-LEI-2,4914,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4914-vitality-2,4914,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4915-location-1,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario""}",,,bib2984,yes +4915-location-1,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario""}",,,bib2998,yes 4915-location-2,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario"", ""Coordinates"": [[46.0, -80.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4915-location-3,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Southern Ontario, north of Lake Ontario and east of Georgian Bay. East of north-south line through Bruce Peninsula base (Rhodes 1976).""}",,,bib67,no -4915-location-4,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario"", ""Coordinates"": [[44.8381, -80.1983]]}",,,bib5307,no -4915-location-5,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Ontario and Quebec""]}",,"In southern Ontario and Quebec, spoken east of Georgian Bay, where the largest numbers of speakers are today on Parry Island and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough.",bib5217,no +4915-location-4,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Ontario"", ""Coordinates"": [[44.8381, -80.1983]]}",,,bib5330,no +4915-location-5,4915,location,"{""Places"": [""Ontario and Quebec""]}",,"In southern Ontario and Quebec, spoken east of Georgian Bay, where the largest numbers of speakers are today on Parry Island and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough.",bib5240,no 4915-speaker_number-1,4915,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: Possibly 1500 (?) -Nishnaabemwin (Eastern Ojibwe and Ottawa/Odawa): Nishnaabemwin represents the linguistic and social fusion of two historically distinct communities, the Ottawa (Odawa) and the Eastern Ojibwe. The homeland of the Ottawa dialect is on the north shores of Lake Huron, and the most vigorous community of speakers is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario; there are also several hundred speakers in Michigan, with the largest community at the Isabella Reservation. A number of Ottawas were relocated in Oklahoma during the 19th century, but the language does not survive there. The principal Eastern Ojibwe communities are at Walpole Island on the Detroit River, on Parry Island, and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough. In both Ontario and in Michigan there is considerable dialect mixture between Nishnaabemwin and Southwestern Ojibwe (here usually called “Chippewa”) and the distinction is sometimes hard to make. The most clearly defined (and most vigorously surviving) variety is the Odawa of Manitoulin Island, where perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language.",bib2984,yes +Nishnaabemwin (Eastern Ojibwe and Ottawa/Odawa): Nishnaabemwin represents the linguistic and social fusion of two historically distinct communities, the Ottawa (Odawa) and the Eastern Ojibwe. The homeland of the Ottawa dialect is on the north shores of Lake Huron, and the most vigorous community of speakers is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario; there are also several hundred speakers in Michigan, with the largest community at the Isabella Reservation. A number of Ottawas were relocated in Oklahoma during the 19th century, but the language does not survive there. The principal Eastern Ojibwe communities are at Walpole Island on the Detroit River, on Parry Island, and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough. In both Ontario and in Michigan there is considerable dialect mixture between Nishnaabemwin and Southwestern Ojibwe (here usually called “Chippewa”) and the distinction is sometimes hard to make. The most clearly defined (and most vigorously surviving) variety is the Odawa of Manitoulin Island, where perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language.",bib2998,yes 4915-speakers-1,4915,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: Possibly 1500 (?) -Nishnaabemwin (Eastern Ojibwe and Ottawa/Odawa): Nishnaabemwin represents the linguistic and social fusion of two historically distinct communities, the Ottawa (Odawa) and the Eastern Ojibwe. The homeland of the Ottawa dialect is on the north shores of Lake Huron, and the most vigorous community of speakers is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario; there are also several hundred speakers in Michigan, with the largest community at the Isabella Reservation. A number of Ottawas were relocated in Oklahoma during the 19th century, but the language does not survive there. The principal Eastern Ojibwe communities are at Walpole Island on the Detroit River, on Parry Island, and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough. In both Ontario and in Michigan there is considerable dialect mixture between Nishnaabemwin and Southwestern Ojibwe (here usually called “Chippewa”) and the distinction is sometimes hard to make. The most clearly defined (and most vigorously surviving) variety is the Odawa of Manitoulin Island, where perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language.",bib2984,yes +Nishnaabemwin (Eastern Ojibwe and Ottawa/Odawa): Nishnaabemwin represents the linguistic and social fusion of two historically distinct communities, the Ottawa (Odawa) and the Eastern Ojibwe. The homeland of the Ottawa dialect is on the north shores of Lake Huron, and the most vigorous community of speakers is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario; there are also several hundred speakers in Michigan, with the largest community at the Isabella Reservation. A number of Ottawas were relocated in Oklahoma during the 19th century, but the language does not survive there. The principal Eastern Ojibwe communities are at Walpole Island on the Detroit River, on Parry Island, and at Curve Lake, near Peterborough. In both Ontario and in Michigan there is considerable dialect mixture between Nishnaabemwin and Southwestern Ojibwe (here usually called “Chippewa”) and the distinction is sometimes hard to make. The most clearly defined (and most vigorously surviving) variety is the Odawa of Manitoulin Island, where perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language.",bib2998,yes 4915-speaker_number-2,4915,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"25,900 (1998 Statistics Canada). Canada Census (2001) lists all Ojibwa varieties together as 30,505 population. (2103 unchanged.)",bib67,no 4915-speakers-2,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"25,900 (1998 Statistics Canada). Canada Census (2001) lists all Ojibwa varieties together as 30,505 population. (2103 unchanged.)",bib67,no -4915-speaker_number-3,4915,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4915-speakers-3,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4915-speaker_number-3,4915,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4915-speakers-3,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""620"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4915-speaker_number-5,4915,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4915-speakers-5,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,885"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4915-speaker_number-6,4915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2905,no -4915-speakers-6,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 fluent and 9 semi-speakers in British Columbia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2905,no -4915-LEI-1,4915,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,yes -4915-vitality-1,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,yes +4915-speaker_number-6,4915,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib2919,no +4915-speakers-6,4915,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4 fluent and 9 semi-speakers in British Columbia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib2919,no +4915-LEI-1,4915,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,yes +4915-vitality-1,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,yes 4915-LEI-2,4915,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Dying out in many areas. Probably all also use English [eng]; some use other Ojibwa varieties.,bib67,no 4915-vitality-2,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Dying out in many areas. Probably all also use English [eng]; some use other Ojibwa varieties.,bib67,no -4915-LEI-3,4915,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4915-vitality-3,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4915-LEI-3,4915,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4915-vitality-3,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4915-LEI-4,4915,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4915-vitality-4,4915,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4918-context-1,4918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; Central Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Nepali is the official language and the medium for instruction. ""Much of the Walung population in Kathmandu, on the other hand, appears to have lost their mother tongue in favour of the variety of Central Tibetan spoken in Kathmandu by the wider Diaspora Tibetan population."" (p. 29)",bib738,yes -4918-location-1,4918,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6831, 87.8256]]}",,,bib5307,no -4918-location-2,4918,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""the upper Tamur River and the Gunsa River in the north east of the Taplejung district of Nepal, and includes the villages of Olangchung Gola, Yangma, Gunsa and Lungthung.\"" (p. 26)""}",,,bib738,yes +4918-context-1,4918,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; Central Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Nepali is the official language and the medium for instruction. ""Much of the Walung population in Kathmandu, on the other hand, appears to have lost their mother tongue in favour of the variety of Central Tibetan spoken in Kathmandu by the wider Diaspora Tibetan population."" (p. 29)",bib742,yes +4918-location-1,4918,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6831, 87.8256]]}",,,bib5330,no +4918-location-2,4918,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""the upper Tamur River and the Gunsa River in the north east of the Taplejung district of Nepal, and includes the villages of Olangchung Gola, Yangma, Gunsa and Lungthung.\"" (p. 26)""}",,,bib742,yes 4918-location-3,4918,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Nepal: Mechi zone, Taplejung District, Tamar valley, Walungchung, Yangma, Gunsa, Lilip, and Lungtung, some smaller villages; Amjilesa, and Kambachen""}",,,bib67,no -4918-speaker_number-1,4918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4918-speakers-1,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4918-speaker_number-2,4918,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib738,yes -4918-speakers-2,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib738,yes +4918-speaker_number-1,4918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4918-speakers-1,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4918-speaker_number-2,4918,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib742,yes +4918-speakers-2,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib742,yes 4918-speaker_number-3,4918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4918-speakers-3,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4918-speaker_number-4,4918,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,600 in Nepal (2000). 3,500 in the original area",bib67,no 4918-speakers-4,4918,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,600 in Nepal (2000). 3,500 in the original area",bib67,no -4918-LEI-1,4918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4918-vitality-1,4918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4918-LEI-2,4918,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib738,yes -4918-transmission-2,4918,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib738,yes -4918-vitality-2,4918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib738,yes +4918-LEI-1,4918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4918-vitality-1,4918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4918-LEI-2,4918,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib742,yes +4918-transmission-2,4918,transmission,1,transmission-1,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib742,yes +4918-vitality-2,4918,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Walungge living in their homeland still retain their mother tongue while the Walungge living in the cities have already lost their language.,bib742,yes 4918-LEI-3,4918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4918-vitality-3,4918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4918-LEI-4,4918,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4918-vitality-4,4918,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4919-context-1,4919,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha""}",,,bib3724,yes -4919-location-1,4919,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1955, 90.43]]}",,,bib5307,no -4919-location-2,4919,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Rukha village of south central Wangdi"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.1291, 90.1109]]}",,,bib3724,yes -4919-location-3,4919,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Black Mountains of central Bhutan.""}",,,bib7525,no +4919-context-1,4919,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha""}",,,bib3743,yes +4919-location-1,4919,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1955, 90.43]]}",,,bib5330,no +4919-location-2,4919,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Rukha village of south central Wangdi"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.1291, 90.1109]]}",,,bib3743,yes +4919-location-3,4919,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Black Mountains of central Bhutan.""}",,,bib7550,no 4919-location-4,4919,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""]}",,,bib67,no -4919-speaker_number-1,4919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4919-speakers-1,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4919-speaker_number-2,4919,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language."" (p.84)",bib3724,yes -4919-speakers-2,4919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100-150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"""In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language."" (p.84)",bib3724,yes -4919-speaker_number-3,4919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7525,no -4919-speakers-3,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7525,no +4919-speaker_number-1,4919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4919-speakers-1,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4919-speaker_number-2,4919,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language."" (p.84)",bib3743,yes +4919-speakers-2,4919,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100-150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"""In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language."" (p.84)",bib3743,yes +4919-speaker_number-3,4919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7550,no +4919-speakers-3,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7550,no 4919-speaker_number-4,4919,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4919-speakers-4,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4919-speaker_number-5,4919,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,000 (Van Driem 1993)",bib67,no 4919-speakers-5,4919,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,000 (Van Driem 1993)",bib67,no -4919-LEI-1,4919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4919-vitality-1,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4919-LEI-2,4919,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3724,yes -4919-transmission-2,4919,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3724,yes -4919-speaker_number_trends-2,4919,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3724,yes -4919-vitality-2,4919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3724,yes -4919-LEI-3,4919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -4919-vitality-3,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no +4919-LEI-1,4919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4919-vitality-1,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4919-LEI-2,4919,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3743,yes +4919-transmission-2,4919,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3743,yes +4919-speaker_number_trends-2,4919,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3743,yes +4919-vitality-2,4919,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib3743,yes +4919-LEI-3,4919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +4919-vitality-3,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no 4919-LEI-4,4919,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4919-vitality-4,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4919-LEI-5,4919,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4919-vitality-5,4919,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4921-context-1,4921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib7615,yes -4921-location-1,4921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.115, 35.9143]]}",,,bib5307,no +4921-context-1,4921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maasai""}",,,bib7640,yes +4921-location-1,4921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.115, 35.9143]]}",,,bib5330,no 4921-location-2,4921,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya""]}",,,bib67,no -4921-speaker_number-1,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4921-speakers-1,4921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4921-speaker_number-2,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,yes -4921-speakers-2,4921,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,yes +4921-speaker_number-1,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4921-speakers-1,4921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4921-speaker_number-2,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,yes +4921-speakers-2,4921,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,yes 4921-speaker_number-3,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4921-speakers-3,4921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4921-speaker_number-4,4921,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,50 (1980). Ethnic population: 200 or more (2000).,bib67,no 4921-speakers-4,4921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200+"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,50 (1980). Ethnic population: 200 or more (2000).,bib67,no -4921-LEI-1,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4921-vitality-1,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4921-LEI-2,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -4921-vitality-2,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +4921-LEI-1,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4921-vitality-1,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4921-LEI-2,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +4921-vitality-2,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 4921-LEI-3,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4921-vitality-3,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4921-LEI-4,4921,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4921-vitality-4,4921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4925-context-1,4925,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, Andamani Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Only some men; women are monolingual""}",,,bib255,yes -4925-location-1,4925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.639, 92.4938]]}",,,bib5307,no +4925-location-1,4925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.639, 92.4938]]}",,,bib5330,no 4925-location-2,4925,location,"{""Places"": [""Andaman Islands""], ""Description"": ""Little Andaman Island""}",,There are two settlements of Onge on the island since 1976. One is known as the Dugong Creek settlement and the other is known as the South Bay settlement. The majority of them live in the forest reserve area of Dugoing Creek.,bib255,yes 4925-location-3,4925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.75, 92.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -4925-speaker_number-1,4925,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4925-speakers-1,4925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +4925-speaker_number-1,4925,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4925-speakers-1,4925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 4925-speaker_number-2,4925,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib255,yes 4925-speakers-2,4925,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""58"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""94"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""94"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib255,yes 4925-speaker_number-3,4925,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4925-speakers-3,4925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""96"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4925-LEI-1,4925,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4925-vitality-1,4925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4925-LEI-1,4925,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4925-vitality-1,4925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4925-LEI-2,4925,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib255,yes 4925-domains_of_use-2,4925,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib255,yes 4925-speaker_number_trends-2,4925,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib255,yes @@ -50439,272 +50625,272 @@ Nishnaabemwin (Eastern Ojibwe and Ottawa/Odawa): Nishnaabemwin represents the li 4927-vitality-1,4927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4927-LEI-2,4927,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 4927-vitality-2,4927,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -4928-context-1,4928,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib5392,yes -4928-location-1,4928,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.8858, 103.9814]]}",,,bib5307,no +4928-context-1,4928,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,,bib5415,yes +4928-location-1,4928,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.8858, 103.9814]]}",,,bib5330,no 4928-location-2,4928,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no 4928-speaker_number-1,4928,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4928-speakers-1,4928,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4928-speakers-2,4928,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5307,no -4928-speaker_number-3,4928,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Demographic information on the Orang Kanaq is hard to come by. The population of the community is 87 as of 2011, but it is unknown what portion of these people speak Orang Kanaq and what portion have shifted completely to Malay. There may be no speakers left.",bib5392,yes -4928-speakers-3,4928,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""87"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~87"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Demographic information on the Orang Kanaq is hard to come by. The population of the community is 87 as of 2011, but it is unknown what portion of these people speak Orang Kanaq and what portion have shifted completely to Malay. There may be no speakers left.",bib5392,yes +4928-speakers-2,4928,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5330,no +4928-speaker_number-3,4928,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Demographic information on the Orang Kanaq is hard to come by. The population of the community is 87 as of 2011, but it is unknown what portion of these people speak Orang Kanaq and what portion have shifted completely to Malay. There may be no speakers left.",bib5415,yes +4928-speakers-3,4928,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""87"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~87"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Demographic information on the Orang Kanaq is hard to come by. The population of the community is 87 as of 2011, but it is unknown what portion of these people speak Orang Kanaq and what portion have shifted completely to Malay. There may be no speakers left.",bib5415,yes 4928-speakers-4,4928,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""83"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,Ethnic population: 83 (2003 census),bib67,no 4928-LEI-1,4928,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4928-vitality-1,4928,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4928-LEI-2,4928,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5307,no -4928-vitality-2,4928,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5307,no -4928-LEI-3,4928,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5392,yes -4928-vitality-3,4928,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5392,yes -4929-location-1,4929,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.3387, 103.464]]}",,,bib5307,no +4928-LEI-2,4928,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5330,no +4928-vitality-2,4928,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5330,no +4928-LEI-3,4928,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5415,yes +4928-vitality-3,4928,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5415,yes +4929-location-1,4929,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.3387, 103.464]]}",,,bib5330,no 4929-location-2,4929,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia"", ""Singapore""]}",,,bib67,yes -4929-speaker_number-1,4929,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4929-speakers-1,4929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4929-speaker_number-1,4929,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4929-speakers-1,4929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4929-speaker_number-2,4929,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4929-speakers-2,4929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,737"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4929-speaker_number-3,4929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Population total all countries: 880. Ethnic population: 1,407 (2003 census),",bib67,yes 4929-speakers-3,4929,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,407"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""880"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Population total all countries: 880. Ethnic population: 1,407 (2003 census),",bib67,yes -4929-LEI-1,4929,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4929-vitality-1,4929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4929-LEI-1,4929,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4929-vitality-1,4929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4929-LEI-2,4929,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4929-vitality-2,4929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4929-LEI-3,4929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4929-vitality-3,4929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4930-context-1,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto, Farsi, Punjabi, Urdu""}",,"The Burkis/Ormars of Lahore and Jalander speak Punjabi and/or Urdu whereas those living in Peshawar (Ormar Bala, Ormar Miana and Ormar Payan) speak Pashto. Similarly, Ormari in Logar, Afghanistan, could not sustain its existence against the dominant local languages, i.e. Pashto and Persian (Baraki, 1999)... The Burki are multilingual adopting the surrounding language(s) as the second language.",bib7739,yes -4930-context-2,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto; Persian""}",,"Changes in the economic and socio-cultural situation have already upset their status to the point where their very existence is questionable. The Ōrmuṛ have forgotten their geographic origin and abandoned the religious traditions of the Rōšanīya of Bāyazīd Anṣārī (see EI2 I, pp. 1121-24), which distinguished them from neighboring ethnic groups and gave their clan language the prerogatives of a secret language. Beaten back by the imperatives of economic and technical development, they will soon have no choice but to join the ranks of the Paṧtūn or the Tajiks who own the land, control the bazaars, and hold the key administrative positions.",bib4152,no -4930-context-3,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian; Pashto""}",,,bib5277,no +4930-context-1,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto, Farsi, Punjabi, Urdu""}",,"The Burkis/Ormars of Lahore and Jalander speak Punjabi and/or Urdu whereas those living in Peshawar (Ormar Bala, Ormar Miana and Ormar Payan) speak Pashto. Similarly, Ormari in Logar, Afghanistan, could not sustain its existence against the dominant local languages, i.e. Pashto and Persian (Baraki, 1999)... The Burki are multilingual adopting the surrounding language(s) as the second language.",bib7764,yes +4930-context-2,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto; Persian""}",,"Changes in the economic and socio-cultural situation have already upset their status to the point where their very existence is questionable. The Ōrmuṛ have forgotten their geographic origin and abandoned the religious traditions of the Rōšanīya of Bāyazīd Anṣārī (see EI2 I, pp. 1121-24), which distinguished them from neighboring ethnic groups and gave their clan language the prerogatives of a secret language. Beaten back by the imperatives of economic and technical development, they will soon have no choice but to join the ranks of the Paṧtūn or the Tajiks who own the land, control the bazaars, and hold the key administrative positions.",bib4172,no +4930-context-3,4930,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian; Pashto""}",,,bib5300,no 4930-location-1,4930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.5, 69.75]]}",,,bib216,no 4930-location-2,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4930-location-3,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kaniguram (south Waziristan) some in Afghanistan""}",,,bib6094,no -4930-location-4,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Burki tribe inhabits a densely populated city in the heart of South Waziristan \u2014 Kaniguram, which is 7000 feet above the sea level (Ahmed, 2010). A small percentage of non-Burkis (mostly Mehsud) also live in the upper\npart of the city (upper Kaniguram)... The town [of Kaniguram], being the only place where the Ormari/Warmaro language is spoken, has preserved it against the dominant Pashto language of the region for centuries. But the displacement following the conflict dispersed the Kaniguram\u2019s population to the settled districts of Pakistan, such as Tank, Dera Ismail Khan, Peshawar, and Karachi (Oborne, 2014), where Pashto or Urdu serves as the dominant language in use."", ""Coordinates"": [[32.515296, 69.781122]]}",,,bib7739,yes -4930-location-5,4930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.518, 69.783]]}",,,bib5307,no -4930-location-6,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""South of the Hindu Kush watershed""}",,,bib4152,no +4930-location-3,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Kaniguram (south Waziristan) some in Afghanistan""}",,,bib6118,no +4930-location-4,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Burki tribe inhabits a densely populated city in the heart of South Waziristan \u2014 Kaniguram, which is 7000 feet above the sea level (Ahmed, 2010). A small percentage of non-Burkis (mostly Mehsud) also live in the upper\npart of the city (upper Kaniguram)... The town [of Kaniguram], being the only place where the Ormari/Warmaro language is spoken, has preserved it against the dominant Pashto language of the region for centuries. But the displacement following the conflict dispersed the Kaniguram\u2019s population to the settled districts of Pakistan, such as Tank, Dera Ismail Khan, Peshawar, and Karachi (Oborne, 2014), where Pashto or Urdu serves as the dominant language in use."", ""Coordinates"": [[32.515296, 69.781122]]}",,,bib7764,yes +4930-location-5,4930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.518, 69.783]]}",,,bib5330,no +4930-location-6,4930,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""South of the Hindu Kush watershed""}",,,bib4172,no 4930-location-7,4930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.692403, 69.286792]]}",,,bib75,no -4930-location-8,4930,location,"{""Description"": ""Barak/Logar and Waziristan""}",,,bib5277,no +4930-location-8,4930,location,"{""Description"": ""Barak/Logar and Waziristan""}",,,bib5300,no 4930-speaker_number-1,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Pakistan (2000 J. Owens). Population total all countries: 1,050.",bib67,no 4930-speakers-1,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Pakistan (2000 J. Owens). Population total all countries: 1,050.",bib67,no -4930-speaker_number-2,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -4930-speakers-2,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -4930-speaker_number-4,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4930-speakers-4,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4930-speaker_number-5,4930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4152,no -4930-speakers-5,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4152,no +4930-speaker_number-2,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +4930-speakers-2,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +4930-speaker_number-4,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4930-speakers-4,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4930-speaker_number-5,4930,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib4172,no +4930-speakers-5,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib4172,no 4930-speaker_number-6,4930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4930-speakers-6,4930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4930-speakers-7,4930,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1924""}",,"Din Muhammad said that he was one of the few persons in Barak-i Barak still speaking pure Ormuri, and this statement agreed fairly well with what had been told me by my first informant.",bib5277,no +4930-speakers-7,4930,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1924""}",,"Din Muhammad said that he was one of the few persons in Barak-i Barak still speaking pure Ormuri, and this statement agreed fairly well with what had been told me by my first informant.",bib5300,no 4930-LEI-1,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4930-vitality-1,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4930-LEI-2,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -4930-vitality-2,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no +4930-LEI-2,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +4930-vitality-2,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no 4930-LEI-3,4930,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The research reveals that before the displacement, more than 74 percent of the survey respondents spoke Ormari in their home while the remaining spoke Pashto. However, the percentage of the Ormari speaking families has declined to 70.5 at the time the data was gathered. The language loss is increased by almost 3.5 percent, showing an alarming threat to Ormari language... Since the tribes surrounding the Burki are Pashto speakers, the -inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7739,yes +inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7764,yes 4930-domains_of_use-3,4930,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The research reveals that before the displacement, more than 74 percent of the survey respondents spoke Ormari in their home while the remaining spoke Pashto. However, the percentage of the Ormari speaking families has declined to 70.5 at the time the data was gathered. The language loss is increased by almost 3.5 percent, showing an alarming threat to Ormari language... Since the tribes surrounding the Burki are Pashto speakers, the -inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7739,yes +inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7764,yes 4930-speaker_number_trends-3,4930,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The research reveals that before the displacement, more than 74 percent of the survey respondents spoke Ormari in their home while the remaining spoke Pashto. However, the percentage of the Ormari speaking families has declined to 70.5 at the time the data was gathered. The language loss is increased by almost 3.5 percent, showing an alarming threat to Ormari language... Since the tribes surrounding the Burki are Pashto speakers, the -inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7739,yes +inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7764,yes 4930-vitality-3,4930,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The research reveals that before the displacement, more than 74 percent of the survey respondents spoke Ormari in their home while the remaining spoke Pashto. However, the percentage of the Ormari speaking families has declined to 70.5 at the time the data was gathered. The language loss is increased by almost 3.5 percent, showing an alarming threat to Ormari language... Since the tribes surrounding the Burki are Pashto speakers, the -inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7739,yes -4930-LEI-4,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4930-vitality-4,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4930-LEI-5,4930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ōrmuṛī, Moḡolī, and Uiḡur are rapidly becoming extinct.",bib4152,no -4930-vitality-5,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Ōrmuṛī, Moḡolī, and Uiḡur are rapidly becoming extinct.",bib4152,no +inter-tribal marriages have posed challenges to the survival and purity of Ormari language. The children in these cases prefer to communicate in Pashto... The participants believe that displacement has affected their language and thus, a sharp decline can be observed in Warmaro speaking families. Figure 9.2 shows the ratio of Ormari speakers as 70.5 percent and non-Ormari speakers as 29.5 percent. As the study did not investigate which language replaced Ormari, further research is needed to uncover this aspect.",bib7764,yes +4930-LEI-4,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4930-vitality-4,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4930-LEI-5,4930,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ōrmuṛī, Moḡolī, and Uiḡur are rapidly becoming extinct.",bib4172,no +4930-vitality-5,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Ōrmuṛī, Moḡolī, and Uiḡur are rapidly becoming extinct.",bib4172,no 4930-LEI-6,4930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4930-vitality-6,4930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4931-context-1,4931,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib230,no -4931-context-2,4931,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +4931-context-2,4931,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 4931-location-1,4931,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.0, -94.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4931-location-2,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,,bib230,no -4931-location-3,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.6683, -96.3316]]}",,,bib5307,no -4931-location-4,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,"Northeastern corner of Oklahoma, around Pawhuska",bib5217,no -4931-location-5,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.6683, -96.3316]]}",,,bib1709,no +4931-location-3,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.6683, -96.3316]]}",,,bib5330,no +4931-location-4,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma""}",,"Northeastern corner of Oklahoma, around Pawhuska",bib5240,no +4931-location-5,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oklahoma"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.6683, -96.3316]]}",,,bib1721,no 4931-location-6,4931,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central Oklahoma.""}",,,bib69,no 4931-speakers-1,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Due to the efforts of our previous tribal council and new Constitutional government, we are on the road to preservation and revitalization. In the fall of 2003, the council created the Osage Language Program and hired Mongrain Lookout as the director. -Their efforts have proven successful. We currently have five advanced student who have made tremendous progress toward fluency and approximately 300 currently enrolled in the tribal program classes.",bib5468,yes +Their efforts have proven successful. We currently have five advanced student who have made tremendous progress toward fluency and approximately 300 currently enrolled in the tribal program classes.",bib5491,yes 4931-speakers-2,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Extinct 2005, with the death of Lucille Roubedeaux.",bib230,no -4931-speaker_number-3,4931,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4931-speakers-3,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4931-speaker_number-4,4931,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -4931-speakers-4,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""are a number of semi-speakers and second language speakers."", ""Elders"": ""all over 65""}",,,bib5217,no +4931-speaker_number-3,4931,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4931-speakers-3,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4931-speaker_number-4,4931,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +4931-speakers-4,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""are a number of semi-speakers and second language speakers."", ""Elders"": ""all over 65""}",,,bib5240,no 4931-speaker_number-5,4931,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4931-speakers-5,4931,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4931-speaker_number-6,4931,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(Golla 2007.) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no 4931-speakers-6,4931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""many"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""many""}",,"(Golla 2007.) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no -4931-LEI-1,4931,LEI,Awakening (),,"We will continue to make an aggressive effort to revitalize the Osage language. Because of what we have experienced so far, we know that it can be done.",bib5468,yes -4931-vitality-1,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"We will continue to make an aggressive effort to revitalize the Osage language. Because of what we have experienced so far, we know that it can be done.",bib5468,yes +4931-LEI-1,4931,LEI,Awakening (),,"We will continue to make an aggressive effort to revitalize the Osage language. Because of what we have experienced so far, we know that it can be done.",bib5491,yes +4931-vitality-1,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"We will continue to make an aggressive effort to revitalize the Osage language. Because of what we have experienced so far, we know that it can be done.",bib5491,yes 4931-LEI-2,4931,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib230,no 4931-vitality-2,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib230,no -4931-LEI-3,4931,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4931-vitality-3,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4931-LEI-4,4931,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -4931-transmission-4,4931,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -4931-speaker_number_trends-4,4931,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -4931-vitality-4,4931,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +4931-LEI-3,4931,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4931-vitality-3,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4931-LEI-4,4931,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +4931-transmission-4,4931,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +4931-speaker_number_trends-4,4931,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +4931-vitality-4,4931,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 4931-LEI-5,4931,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4931-vitality-5,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4931-LEI-6,4931,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4931-vitality-6,4931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4934-location-1,4934,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.4831, -99.217]]}",,,bib5307,no +4934-location-1,4934,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.4831, -99.217]]}",,,bib5330,no 4934-location-2,4934,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.1666666667, -99.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4934-location-3,4934,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""USA: North Carolina""}",,,bib67,yes -4934-speaker_number-1,4934,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4934-speakers-1,4934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,789"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4934-speaker_number-1,4934,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4934-speakers-1,4934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,789"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4934-speaker_number-2,4934,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 4934-speakers-2,4934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 4934-speaker_number-3,4934,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"100,000 in Mexico (1990 census). 100 in North Carolina.",bib67,yes 4934-speakers-3,4934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"100,000 in Mexico (1990 census). 100 in North Carolina.",bib67,yes -4934-LEI-1,4934,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4934-vitality-1,4934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4934-LEI-1,4934,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4934-vitality-1,4934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4934-LEI-2,4934,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4934-vitality-2,4934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4934-LEI-3,4934,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4934-vitality-3,4934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4936-location-1,4936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.111402, -99.252319]]}",,,bib5731,no +4936-location-1,4936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.111402, -99.252319]]}",,,bib5755,no 4936-location-2,4936,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""State of Mexico, Santiago Tilapa, between Mexico, D.F. and Toluca""}",,,bib67,yes -4936-location-3,4936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.8923, -99.2986]]}",,,bib5307,no +4936-location-3,4936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.8923, -99.2986]]}",,,bib5330,no 4936-location-4,4936,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.44, -99.51]]}",,,bib75,no -4936-speaker_number-1,4936,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,the average speaker is 83 years old.,bib5731,no -4936-speakers-1,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008-2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,the average speaker is 83 years old.,bib5731,no -4936-speaker_number-2,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3762,no -4936-speakers-2,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""267"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3762,no +4936-speaker_number-1,4936,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,the average speaker is 83 years old.,bib5755,no +4936-speakers-1,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""about 20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008-2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,the average speaker is 83 years old.,bib5755,no +4936-speaker_number-2,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3781,no +4936-speakers-2,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""267"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3781,no 4936-speaker_number-3,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes 4936-speakers-3,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number data: 1990 census,bib67,yes -4936-speaker_number-4,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4936-speakers-4,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""292"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4936-speaker_number-4,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4936-speakers-4,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""292"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4936-speaker_number-5,4936,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4936-speakers-5,4936,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4936-LEI-1,4936,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5731,no -4936-vitality-1,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5731,no -4936-LEI-2,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3762,no -4936-vitality-2,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3762,no +4936-LEI-1,4936,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5755,no +4936-vitality-1,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5755,no +4936-LEI-2,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3781,no +4936-vitality-2,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3781,no 4936-LEI-3,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4936-vitality-3,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4936-LEI-4,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4936-vitality-4,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4936-LEI-4,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4936-vitality-4,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4936-LEI-5,4936,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4936-vitality-5,4936,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4937-location-1,4937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1864, 30.6353]]}",,,bib5307,no +4937-location-1,4937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1864, 30.6353]]}",,,bib5330,no 4937-location-2,4937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1666666667, 30.5]]}",,,bib216,no 4937-location-3,4937,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -4937-speaker_number-1,4937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4937-speakers-1,4937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +4937-speaker_number-1,4937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4937-speakers-1,4937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 4937-speaker_number-2,4937,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4937-speakers-2,4937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4937-speaker_number-3,4937,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 4937-speakers-3,4937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -4937-LEI-1,4937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4937-vitality-1,4937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4937-LEI-1,4937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4937-vitality-1,4937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4937-LEI-2,4937,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4937-vitality-2,4937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4937-LEI-3,4937,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4937-vitality-3,4937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4938-context-1,4938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -4938-location-1,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.1519, -82.2243], [43.5971, -84.7752], [42.6068, -82.5195]]}",,,bib1709,no -4938-location-2,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.6068, -82.5195]]}",,,bib5307,no +4938-context-1,4938,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +4938-location-1,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[46.1519, -82.2243], [43.5971, -84.7752], [42.6068, -82.5195]]}",,,bib1721,no +4938-location-2,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.6068, -82.5195]]}",,,bib5330,no 4938-location-3,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: Ontario: Lake Huron area islands, Manitoulin Island"", ""Walople Island Reserve. West of a north south line through Bruce Peninsula (Rhodes 1976).\nUS: Michigan: near Sault Sainte Marie and elsewhere.""]}",,,bib70,no -4938-location-4,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5217,yes +4938-location-4,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""]}",,,bib5240,yes 4938-location-5,4938,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Ontario, Michigan: Ontario: Islands, areas surrounding Lake Huron, from Manitoulin Island to southern Ontario north of Lake Erie. Walople Island Reserve. West of a north south line through base of Bruce Peninsula. Also in United States. Michigan: Lower Michigan, upper Michigan near Sault Ste. Marie.""}",,"Islands, areas surrounding Lake Huron, from Manitoulin Island to southern Ontario north of Lake Erie. Walople Island Reserve. West of a north south line through base of Bruce Peninsula (Rhodes 1976).",bib67,no -4938-speaker_number-1,4938,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4938-speakers-1,4938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,269"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4938-speaker_number-1,4938,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4938-speakers-1,4938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,269"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4938-speaker_number-2,4938,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue cites Ojibwa figures together with Ottawa counts, making it difficult to see what is meant to refer only to Ottawa. Canada: 7100 (1996 First Nations Language of Origin Map). Nishnaabemwin is an emergent language, fusion of Ottawa and Eastern Ojibwa [ojg], having a couple thousand speakers (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 60,000. Total users in all countries: 12,500. US: 330 Ottawa (1990 census). 5400 in United States (1990 census). 330 Ottawa, 5,070 Ojibwa. Ethnic population: 8,910 (2000 census). 560 Ottawa, 8,350 Ojibwa.",bib70,no 4938-speakers-2,4938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,500?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 (Canada), 1990 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnologue cites Ojibwa figures together with Ottawa counts, making it difficult to see what is meant to refer only to Ottawa. Canada: 7100 (1996 First Nations Language of Origin Map). Nishnaabemwin is an emergent language, fusion of Ottawa and Eastern Ojibwa [ojg], having a couple thousand speakers (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 60,000. Total users in all countries: 12,500. US: 330 Ottawa (1990 census). 5400 in United States (1990 census). 330 Ottawa, 5,070 Ojibwa. Ethnic population: 8,910 (2000 census). 560 Ottawa, 8,350 Ojibwa.",bib70,no -4938-speaker_number-3,4938,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most vigorous community of speakers today is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario. There perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language. There are also several hundred speakers on Walpole Island and other reserves in Ontario, and in Michigan, where the largest community is on the Isabella Reservation.",bib5217,yes -4938-speakers-3,4938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most vigorous community of speakers today is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario. There perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language. There are also several hundred speakers on Walpole Island and other reserves in Ontario, and in Michigan, where the largest community is on the Isabella Reservation.",bib5217,yes +4938-speaker_number-3,4938,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most vigorous community of speakers today is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario. There perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language. There are also several hundred speakers on Walpole Island and other reserves in Ontario, and in Michigan, where the largest community is on the Isabella Reservation.",bib5240,yes +4938-speakers-3,4938,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most vigorous community of speakers today is at the Wikwemikong Reserve on Manitoulin Island, Ontario. There perhaps half of the population of over 3,000 has some fluency in the language. There are also several hundred speakers on Walpole Island and other reserves in Ontario, and in Michigan, where the largest community is on the Isabella Reservation.",bib5240,yes 4938-speaker_number-4,4938,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7100 in Canada. Ethnic population: 60,000.",bib67,no 4938-speakers-4,4938,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7100 in Canada. Ethnic population: 60,000.",bib67,no -4938-LEI-1,4938,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4938-vitality-1,4938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4938-LEI-1,4938,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4938-vitality-1,4938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4938-LEI-2,4938,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults.,bib70,no 4938-transmission-2,4938,transmission,3,transmission-3,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults.,bib70,no 4938-speaker_number_trends-2,4938,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults.,bib70,no 4938-vitality-2,4938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults.,bib70,no -4938-LEI-3,4938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -4938-transmission-3,4938,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,yes -4938-speaker_number_trends-3,4938,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,yes -4938-vitality-3,4938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +4938-LEI-3,4938,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +4938-transmission-3,4938,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,yes +4938-speaker_number_trends-3,4938,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,yes +4938-vitality-3,4938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 4938-LEI-4,4938,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no 4938-transmission-4,4938,transmission,3,transmission-3,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no 4938-vitality-4,4938,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Dying out in many areas. Still vigorous on Manitoulin Island. Mainly adults. Also use English [eng].,bib67,no -4939-location-1,4939,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ixtenco Otomi is spoken at the village of Ixtenco in Tlaxcala State."", ""Coordinates"": [[19.145862, -97.533929]]}",,,bib5731,no +4939-location-1,4939,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Ixtenco Otomi is spoken at the village of Ixtenco in Tlaxcala State."", ""Coordinates"": [[19.145862, -97.533929]]}",,,bib5755,no 4939-location-2,4939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.0833333333, -97.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 4939-location-3,4939,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -4939-location-4,4939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.2495, -97.8943]]}",,,bib5307,no +4939-location-4,4939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.2495, -97.8943]]}",,,bib5330,no 4939-location-5,4939,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.21, -98.03]]}",,,bib75,no 4939-speaker_number-1,4939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 4 monolinguals. Data comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,yes 4939-speakers-1,4939,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,356"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 4 monolinguals. Data comes from the 1990 census.,bib67,yes -4939-speaker_number-2,4939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4939-speakers-2,4939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""461"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4939-speaker_number-2,4939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4939-speakers-2,4939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""461"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4939-speaker_number-3,4939,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4939-speakers-3,4939,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""736"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4939-LEI-1,4939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4939-vitality-1,4939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4939-LEI-2,4939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4939-vitality-2,4939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4939-LEI-2,4939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4939-vitality-2,4939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4939-LEI-3,4939,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4939-vitality-3,4939,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4940-location-1,4940,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.233, 149.1]]}",,,bib5307,yes -4940-speaker_number-1,4940,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,yes -4940-speakers-1,4940,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,yes -4940-LEI-1,4940,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -4940-vitality-1,4940,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +4940-location-1,4940,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.233, 149.1]]}",,,bib5330,yes +4940-speaker_number-1,4940,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,yes +4940-speakers-1,4940,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,yes +4940-LEI-1,4940,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +4940-vitality-1,4940,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 4943-context-1,4943,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Work, school, with non-Parya""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Uzbek"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""[The Parya language is] the most important defining factor for the Parya in their ethnic identity."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"The Parya live among other ethnicities, who easily outnumber them. Within Tajikistan, the Parya live among both Tajik and Uzbek speakers, the villages towards the east of the Hisor Valley being ethnically and linguistically Tajik, while further west, towards the border with Uzbekistan, the majority of inhabitants are -ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predominate.",bib7325,yes -4943-location-1,4943,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.5094, 68.0932]]}",,,bib5307,no -4943-location-2,4943,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Parya people are an ethnolinguistic community living in scattered villages and towns along the \nHisor Valley of western Tajikistan, further west in the upper Surkhandarya Valley (which is a continuation \nof the Hisor Valley) of Uzbekistan and in the Kunduz region of Afghanistan... In Tajikistan, the largest Parya \ncommunities are found in the villages of Afghonobod, Qalai Hisor, Pravda Vostok, Boloi Kanal, and \nKolkhozi Leninism in the Hisor administrative region, in the villages of Qahramon and Kolkhozi Moskva \nin the Shahrinav administrative region, and in the villages of Javrat and Okhtosh in the Tursunzoda \nadministrative region.""}",,,bib7325,yes +ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predominate.",bib7349,yes +4943-location-1,4943,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.5094, 68.0932]]}",,,bib5330,no +4943-location-2,4943,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Uzbekistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""The Parya people are an ethnolinguistic community living in scattered villages and towns along the \nHisor Valley of western Tajikistan, further west in the upper Surkhandarya Valley (which is a continuation \nof the Hisor Valley) of Uzbekistan and in the Kunduz region of Afghanistan... In Tajikistan, the largest Parya \ncommunities are found in the villages of Afghonobod, Qalai Hisor, Pravda Vostok, Boloi Kanal, and \nKolkhozi Leninism in the Hisor administrative region, in the villages of Qahramon and Kolkhozi Moskva \nin the Shahrinav administrative region, and in the villages of Javrat and Okhtosh in the Tursunzoda \nadministrative region.""}",,,bib7349,yes 4943-location-3,4943,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan"", ""Uzbekistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4943-speaker_number-1,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4943-speakers-1,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4943-speaker_number-2,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The total number of speakers in all countries is no more than 7,500, at the very most... Based on our research, the present population of this group seems likely to be closer to 3,000–4,000 in Tajikistan alone. We estimate a further population of anywhere between 400–3,000 Parya in Uzbekistan, and perhaps another 240–300 Parya in Afghanistan. ",bib7325,yes -4943-speakers-2,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The total number of speakers in all countries is no more than 7,500, at the very most... Based on our research, the present population of this group seems likely to be closer to 3,000–4,000 in Tajikistan alone. We estimate a further population of anywhere between 400–3,000 Parya in Uzbekistan, and perhaps another 240–300 Parya in Afghanistan. ",bib7325,yes +4943-speaker_number-1,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4943-speakers-1,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4943-speaker_number-2,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The total number of speakers in all countries is no more than 7,500, at the very most... Based on our research, the present population of this group seems likely to be closer to 3,000–4,000 in Tajikistan alone. We estimate a further population of anywhere between 400–3,000 Parya in Uzbekistan, and perhaps another 240–300 Parya in Afghanistan. ",bib7349,yes +4943-speakers-2,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003-2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The total number of speakers in all countries is no more than 7,500, at the very most... Based on our research, the present population of this group seems likely to be closer to 3,000–4,000 in Tajikistan alone. We estimate a further population of anywhere between 400–3,000 Parya in Uzbekistan, and perhaps another 240–300 Parya in Afghanistan. ",bib7349,yes 4943-speaker_number-3,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4943-speakers-3,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,495"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4943-speaker_number-4,4943,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Tajikistan (2008).",bib67,no 4943-speakers-4,4943,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Tajikistan (2008).",bib67,no -4943-LEI-1,4943,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4943-vitality-1,4943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4943-LEI-2,4943,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7325,yes -4943-transmission-2,4943,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7325,yes -4943-domains_of_use-2,4943,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7325,yes -4943-vitality-2,4943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7325,yes +4943-LEI-1,4943,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4943-vitality-1,4943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4943-LEI-2,4943,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7349,yes +4943-transmission-2,4943,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7349,yes +4943-domains_of_use-2,4943,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7349,yes +4943-vitality-2,4943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Our research into language use by the Parya of Afghonobod indicates that their language remains vital... Overall, Parya is only used with kin. Our respondents used at least some Parya with 99 percent of their ethnically Parya kin contacts, and they used only Tajik or Uzbek with fully 100 percent of their non-kin contacts... while Parya is the dominant language in the home, it gives way to Tajik or Uzbek whenever a first-language Tajik or Uzbek speaker is present. In this situation, individuals choose Tajik or Uzbek even when speaking to other Parya... On every occasion observed by the researchers, all individuals present during interviewing, including young children, consistently used Parya between themselves.",bib7349,yes 4943-LEI-3,4943,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4943-vitality-3,4943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4943-LEI-4,4943,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4943-vitality-4,4943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4944-location-1,4944,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.0, -117.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4944-location-2,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""], ""Description"": ""Southeast California, southern Owens Valley area around Owens Lake Coso Range, southwest of Darwin, and Little Lake area, southern Eureka Valley, southwest of Lida in Nevada, Saline Valley and eastern slopes of Inyo Mountains, Argus Range south of Darwin, northern Panamint Valley and Panamint Mountains north and central Death Valley, Grapevine Mountains and Funeral Range on California-Nevada border, west and southwest of Beatty, Nevada, Amargosa Desert, and area around Beatty.""}",,"Southeast California, Owens Lake, Coso Range, southern Owens Valley area, southwest of Darwin; southern Eureka Valley, Little Lake area; Nevada southwest of Lida, Saline valley; eastern slopes of Inyo mountains, Argus range south of Darwin, northern Panamint valley; Panamint mountains; north and central Death Valley; Grapevine mountains; Funeral Range on California-Nevada border; west and southwest of Beatty, Nevada, Amargosa Desert, and Beatty area.",bib67,no -4944-location-3,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4555, -116.8666]]}",,,bib5307,no -4944-location-4,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""]}",,"Eastern Panamint includes the community around Beatty, Nevada. Western Panamint includes the communities permanently living in Lone Pine and Darwin, California. The Timbisha community in Death Valley and Lone Pine is transitional between Eastern and Western Panamint.",bib5217,yes -4944-location-5,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4555, -116.8666]]}",,,bib1709,no +4944-location-3,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4555, -116.8666]]}",,,bib5330,no +4944-location-4,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""]}",,"Eastern Panamint includes the community around Beatty, Nevada. Western Panamint includes the communities permanently living in Lone Pine and Darwin, California. The Timbisha community in Death Valley and Lone Pine is transitional between Eastern and Western Panamint.",bib5240,yes +4944-location-5,4944,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California, Nevada""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4555, -116.8666]]}",,,bib1721,no 4944-speaker_number-1,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"20. Ethnic population: 100 (1998 J. McLaughlin). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no 4944-speakers-1,4944,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"20. Ethnic population: 100 (1998 J. McLaughlin). (Unchanged 2016 [Golla 2007].)",bib67,no -4944-speaker_number-2,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -4944-speakers-2,4944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -4944-speaker_number-3,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The “pure” Eastern and Western dialects from Lone Pine and Beatty are almost extinct. The majority of no more than 20 speakers speak the Timbisha variety and all are elderly. There are very few, if any, passive speakers since there is a strong tendency to marry outside the tribe.",bib5217,yes -4944-speakers-3,4944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""All are elderly.""}",,"The “pure” Eastern and Western dialects from Lone Pine and Beatty are almost extinct. The majority of no more than 20 speakers speak the Timbisha variety and all are elderly. There are very few, if any, passive speakers since there is a strong tendency to marry outside the tribe.",bib5217,yes +4944-speaker_number-2,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +4944-speakers-2,4944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +4944-speaker_number-3,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The “pure” Eastern and Western dialects from Lone Pine and Beatty are almost extinct. The majority of no more than 20 speakers speak the Timbisha variety and all are elderly. There are very few, if any, passive speakers since there is a strong tendency to marry outside the tribe.",bib5240,yes +4944-speakers-3,4944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""All are elderly.""}",,"The “pure” Eastern and Western dialects from Lone Pine and Beatty are almost extinct. The majority of no more than 20 speakers speak the Timbisha variety and all are elderly. There are very few, if any, passive speakers since there is a strong tendency to marry outside the tribe.",bib5240,yes 4944-speaker_number-4,4944,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4944-speakers-4,4944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 4944-LEI-1,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4944-vitality-1,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4944-LEI-2,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4944-vitality-2,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4944-LEI-3,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -4944-vitality-3,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +4944-LEI-2,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4944-vitality-2,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4944-LEI-3,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +4944-vitality-3,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 4944-LEI-4,4944,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4944-vitality-4,4944,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4946-context-1,4946,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Shifting to Spanish. Much community interest to preserve the Pech language, and some work is being done to preserve it.",bib67,no -4946-location-1,4946,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Municipality of Dulce Nombre de Culm\u00ed; Olancho dept; la Laguna in Santa Mar\u00eda del Carb\u00f3n"", ""Coordinates"": [[15.0819, -85.5552]]}",,,bib5307,no +4946-location-1,4946,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Municipality of Dulce Nombre de Culm\u00ed; Olancho dept; la Laguna in Santa Mar\u00eda del Carb\u00f3n"", ""Coordinates"": [[15.0819, -85.5552]]}",,,bib5330,no 4946-location-2,4946,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.0, -85.5]]}",,,bib216,yes 4946-location-3,4946,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras"", ""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""North central coast, Olancho Department, Dulce Nombre de Culm\u00ed municipality, Santa Mar\u00eda del Carb\u00f3n, Las Mar\u00edas, Gracias a Dios, Silin, Col\u00f3n.\n\nThe language is used more in Agua Amarilla and La Laguna in El Carb\u00f3n.""}",,,bib67,no -4946-speaker_number-1,4946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Recent estimate by Constenla; Danilo Salamanca estimates 1000,bib5307,no -4946-speakers-1,4946,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Recent estimate by Constenla; Danilo Salamanca estimates 1000,bib5307,no +4946-speaker_number-1,4946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Recent estimate by Constenla; Danilo Salamanca estimates 1000,bib5330,no +4946-speakers-1,4946,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Recent estimate by Constenla; Danilo Salamanca estimates 1000,bib5330,no 4946-speaker_number-2,4946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4946-speakers-2,4946,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4946-speaker_number-3,4946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"[Most speakers are] Older adults. Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Rivas (1993). @@ -50713,8 +50899,8 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4946-speakers-3,4946,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,586"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"[Most speakers are] Older adults. Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Rivas (1993). 990 (Rivas 1993). Ethnic population: 2,590 (Rivas 1993). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no -4946-LEI-1,4946,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib5307,no -4946-vitality-1,4946,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib5307,no +4946-LEI-1,4946,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib5330,no +4946-vitality-1,4946,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib5330,no 4946-LEI-2,4946,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4946-vitality-2,4946,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4946-LEI-3,4946,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -50729,99 +50915,99 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4948-vitality-1,4948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4948-LEI-2,4948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4948-vitality-2,4948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4949-location-1,4949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4043, -13.5736]]}",,,bib5307,no -4949-location-2,4949,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Senegal they live to the west of the\nNiokolo Koba Park: 30 kilometers north of the Guinea border to 100 kilometers farther west. In Guinea they are found in the region to the west of Youkounkoun reaching as far as the Guinea-Bissau border and covering 40 kilometers to the south of the Senegal border.""}",,,bib442,no -4949-location-3,4949,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Senegal, Guinea, and Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib1855,yes +4949-location-1,4949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4043, -13.5736]]}",,,bib5330,no +4949-location-2,4949,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea""], ""Description"": ""In Senegal they live to the west of the\nNiokolo Koba Park: 30 kilometers north of the Guinea border to 100 kilometers farther west. In Guinea they are found in the region to the west of Youkounkoun reaching as far as the Guinea-Bissau border and covering 40 kilometers to the south of the Senegal border.""}",,,bib443,no +4949-location-3,4949,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Senegal, Guinea, and Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib1867,yes 4949-location-4,4949,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea"", ""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -4949-speaker_number-1,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4949-speakers-1,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,205"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4949-speaker_number-2,4949,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib442,no -4949-speakers-2,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib442,no -4949-speaker_number-3,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1855,yes -4949-speakers-3,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1855,yes +4949-speaker_number-1,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4949-speakers-1,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,205"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4949-speaker_number-2,4949,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib443,no +4949-speakers-2,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib443,no +4949-speaker_number-3,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1867,yes +4949-speakers-3,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1867,yes 4949-speaker_number-4,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4949-speakers-4,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,205"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4949-speaker_number-5,4949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4949-speakers-5,4949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,730"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4949-LEI-1,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4949-vitality-1,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4949-LEI-2,4949,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib442,no -4949-vitality-2,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib442,no -4949-LEI-3,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1855,yes -4949-vitality-3,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1855,yes +4949-LEI-1,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4949-vitality-1,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4949-LEI-2,4949,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib443,no +4949-vitality-2,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib443,no +4949-LEI-3,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1867,yes +4949-vitality-3,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1867,yes 4949-LEI-4,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4949-vitality-4,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4949-LEI-5,4949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4949-vitality-5,4949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4950-context-1,4950,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau, Tok Pisin""}",,"Everyone over 30 speaks is bilingual in Abau. Younger generations are not fluent in Pyu or Abau, but prefer Tok Pisin.",bib3266,no -4950-context-2,4950,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau; Tok Pisin""}",,"According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock, 'people who are over 30 years and older are bilingual in Abau and [Pyu].'",bib3265,yes -4950-location-1,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Biake No. 2, Peliapu, and Yibu villages, \""plus other unknown villages.\""""}",,"The village of Biake No. 2 is apparently bilingual in Pyu and Abau; other villages speaking Pyu are apparently located further up the Biake River, in West Irian [Papua Province, Indonesia].",bib4545,no -4950-location-2,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken only in the village of Biake 2 within its hamlets (north of the Sepik River and just east of the PNG-Indonesia border), and in an unlocated village on the bend of the Sepik within Indonesian territory.""}",,,bib3266,no -4950-location-3,4950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 140.9]]}",,,bib5307,no -4950-location-4,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""]}",,"spoken... in two villages, Biake 2 with its hamlets (north of the Sepik River and just east of the PNG-Indonesian border) and an unlocated village on the bend of the Sepik within Indonesian territory.",bib3265,yes +4950-context-1,4950,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau, Tok Pisin""}",,"Everyone over 30 speaks is bilingual in Abau. Younger generations are not fluent in Pyu or Abau, but prefer Tok Pisin.",bib3282,no +4950-context-2,4950,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abau; Tok Pisin""}",,"According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock, 'people who are over 30 years and older are bilingual in Abau and [Pyu].'",bib3281,yes +4950-location-1,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Biake No. 2, Peliapu, and Yibu villages, \""plus other unknown villages.\""""}",,"The village of Biake No. 2 is apparently bilingual in Pyu and Abau; other villages speaking Pyu are apparently located further up the Biake River, in West Irian [Papua Province, Indonesia].",bib4566,no +4950-location-2,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken only in the village of Biake 2 within its hamlets (north of the Sepik River and just east of the PNG-Indonesia border), and in an unlocated village on the bend of the Sepik within Indonesian territory.""}",,,bib3282,no +4950-location-3,4950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.5, 140.9]]}",,,bib5330,no +4950-location-4,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea"", ""Indonesia""]}",,"spoken... in two villages, Biake 2 with its hamlets (north of the Sepik River and just east of the PNG-Indonesian border) and an unlocated village on the bend of the Sepik within Indonesian territory.",bib3281,yes 4950-location-5,4950,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province, October river, Biake No. 2 village. East of Papua, Indonesia border.""}",,,bib69,no -4950-speaker_number-1,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -4950-speakers-1,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -4950-speaker_number-2,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,no -4950-speakers-2,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,no -4950-speaker_number-3,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4950-speakers-3,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4950-speaker_number-4,4950,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3265,yes -4950-speakers-4,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3265,yes +4950-speaker_number-1,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +4950-speakers-1,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +4950-speaker_number-2,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,no +4950-speakers-2,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,no +4950-speaker_number-3,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4950-speakers-3,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4950-speaker_number-4,4950,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3281,yes +4950-speakers-4,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3281,yes 4950-speaker_number-5,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4950-speakers-5,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4950-speaker_number-6,4950,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 4950-speakers-6,4950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -4950-LEI-1,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -4950-vitality-1,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -4950-LEI-2,4950,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3266,no -4950-transmission-2,4950,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3266,no -4950-vitality-2,4950,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3266,no -4950-LEI-3,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4950-vitality-3,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4950-LEI-4,4950,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3265,yes -4950-transmission-4,4950,transmission,2,transmission-2,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3265,yes -4950-vitality-4,4950,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3265,yes +4950-LEI-1,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +4950-vitality-1,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +4950-LEI-2,4950,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3282,no +4950-transmission-2,4950,transmission,2,transmission-2,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3282,no +4950-vitality-2,4950,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Children prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin and lack fluency in Pyu.,bib3282,no +4950-LEI-3,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4950-vitality-3,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4950-LEI-4,4950,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3281,yes +4950-transmission-4,4950,transmission,2,transmission-2,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3281,yes +4950-vitality-4,4950,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,According to a 1992 report by Arjen Lock ... 'The children are claimed to lack fluency in both Abau and [Pyu]. They prefer to communicate in Tok Pisin.',bib3281,yes 4950-LEI-5,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4950-vitality-5,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4950-LEI-6,4950,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4950-vitality-6,4950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 4952-context-1,4952,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bhatri; Halbi; Hindi; Oriya""}",,,bib68,yes -4952-context-2,4952,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi""}",,,bib6176,no +4952-context-2,4952,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi""}",,,bib6200,no 4952-speaker_number-1,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"65% of speakers are in Bastar, 35% in Koraput.",bib68,yes 4952-speakers-1,4952,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker estimate: 2001 (census data); ethnic population estimate: 1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"65% of speakers are in Bastar, 35% in Koraput.",bib68,yes -4952-speaker_number-2,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4952-speakers-2,4952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4952-speaker_number-3,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6176,no -4952-speakers-3,4952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,216 according to 2001 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6176,no +4952-speaker_number-2,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4952-speakers-2,4952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4952-speaker_number-3,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6200,no +4952-speakers-3,4952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,216 according to 2001 census."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6200,no 4952-speaker_number-4,4952,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4952-speakers-4,4952,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4952-LEI-1,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 4952-vitality-1,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -4952-LEI-2,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4952-vitality-2,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4952-LEI-3,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bilingualism among the Parji speakers is around sixty percent, as they are familiar with the local variety of Hindi.",bib6176,no -4952-vitality-3,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Bilingualism among the Parji speakers is around sixty percent, as they are familiar with the local variety of Hindi.",bib6176,no +4952-LEI-2,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4952-vitality-2,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4952-LEI-3,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bilingualism among the Parji speakers is around sixty percent, as they are familiar with the local variety of Hindi.",bib6200,no +4952-vitality-3,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Bilingualism among the Parji speakers is around sixty percent, as they are familiar with the local variety of Hindi.",bib6200,no 4952-LEI-4,4952,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4952-vitality-4,4952,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4953-location-1,4953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.667, 83.0346]]}",,,bib5307,no +4953-location-1,4953,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.667, 83.0346]]}",,,bib5330,no 4953-location-2,4953,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -4953-speaker_number-1,4953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4953-speakers-1,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4953-speaker_number-2,4953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The actual number is impossible to tell. It could be as low as 750 and as high as 6,000.",bib466,yes -4953-speakers-2,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The actual number is impossible to tell. It could be as low as 750 and as high as 6,000.",bib466,yes -4953-speakers-3,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 10,000""}",,,bib7525,no +4953-speaker_number-1,4953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4953-speakers-1,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4953-speaker_number-2,4953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The actual number is impossible to tell. It could be as low as 750 and as high as 6,000.",bib468,yes +4953-speakers-2,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The actual number is impossible to tell. It could be as low as 750 and as high as 6,000.",bib468,yes +4953-speakers-3,4953,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 10,000""}",,,bib7550,no 4953-speaker_number-4,4953,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 4953-speakers-4,4953,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,646"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -4953-LEI-1,4953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4953-vitality-1,4953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4953-LEI-2,4953,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib466,yes -4953-transmission-2,4953,transmission,3,transmission-3,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib466,yes -4953-vitality-2,4953,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib466,yes +4953-LEI-1,4953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4953-vitality-1,4953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4953-LEI-2,4953,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib468,yes +4953-transmission-2,4953,transmission,3,transmission-3,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib468,yes +4953-vitality-2,4953,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Almost no one under 30 speaks or understands it. Gorum speakers often deny knowledge of the language.,bib468,yes 4953-LEI-3,4953,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4953-vitality-3,4953,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 4954-context-1,4954,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Some villages shifting to Anamgura [imi], Mum [kqa], or Tok Pisin [tpi].""}",,,bib67,yes -4954-location-1,4954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.746799946, 144.9996033]]}",,,bib7945,no +4954-location-1,4954,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.746799946, 144.9996033]]}",,,bib7970,no 4954-location-2,4954,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[-4.811839, 145.008545]]}",,,bib67,yes 4954-speaker_number-1,4954,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4954-speakers-1,4954,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,069"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -50841,170 +51027,170 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4955-vitality-1,4955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4955-LEI-2,4955,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4955-vitality-2,4955,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4960-location-1,4960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6198, 155.1571]]}",,,bib5307,no +4960-location-1,4960,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.6198, 155.1571]]}",,,bib5330,no 4960-location-2,4960,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -4960-speaker_number-1,4960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4960-speakers-1,4960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,318"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4960-speaker_number-1,4960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4960-speakers-1,4960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,318"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4960-speaker_number-2,4960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4960-speakers-2,4960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,318"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4960-speaker_number-3,4960,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,320 (1989 census)",bib67,yes 4960-speakers-3,4960,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,320 (1989 census)",bib67,yes -4960-LEI-1,4960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4960-vitality-1,4960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4960-LEI-1,4960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4960-vitality-1,4960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4960-LEI-2,4960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4960-vitality-2,4960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4960-LEI-3,4960,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4960-vitality-3,4960,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4961-context-1,4961,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib67,yes -4961-location-1,4961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.4589, 76.9152]]}",,,bib5307,no -4961-location-2,4961,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh state, Lahul-Spiti district to border of Chamba district.""}",,,bib7525,no +4961-location-1,4961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.4589, 76.9152]]}",,,bib5330,no +4961-location-2,4961,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh state, Lahul-Spiti district to border of Chamba district.""}",,,bib7550,no 4961-location-3,4961,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Chamba District, Pangi Tahsil, Lahul-Spiti District, Udaipur down the Chenab (Chandra-Bhaga) River to Chamba border at Purthi. Possibly from Tandi to Sach Pass.""}",,,bib67,yes -4961-speaker_number-1,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4961-speakers-1,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,285"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4961-speaker_number-2,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,no -4961-speakers-2,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Up to 17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,no +4961-speaker_number-1,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4961-speakers-1,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,285"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4961-speaker_number-2,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,no +4961-speakers-2,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Up to 17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,no 4961-speaker_number-3,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4961-speakers-3,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 4961-speaker_number-4,4961,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 4961-speakers-4,4961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -4961-LEI-1,4961,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4961-vitality-1,4961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4961-LEI-2,4961,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -4961-vitality-2,4961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no +4961-LEI-1,4961,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4961-vitality-1,4961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4961-LEI-2,4961,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +4961-vitality-2,4961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no 4961-LEI-3,4961,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4961-vitality-3,4961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4961-LEI-4,4961,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4961-domains_of_use-4,4961,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib67,yes 4961-vitality-4,4961,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -4964-context-1,4964,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region""}",,,bib5844,yes -4964-location-1,4964,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Lao Cai and Ha Giang Provinces of northern Vietnam, but also thought to inhabit a number of adjacent villages across the border in southern Yunnan including the mountain villages in Xiaobazi and Dulong Townships of Maguan County, Nanwenhe Township of Malipo County, and Qiaotu Towship of Hekou County (p.174)""}",,,bib5844,yes -4964-location-2,4964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.7833, 105.4666]]}",,,bib5307,no +4964-context-1,4964,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region""}",,,bib5868,yes +4964-location-1,4964,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and China""], ""Description"": ""Lao Cai and Ha Giang Provinces of northern Vietnam, but also thought to inhabit a number of adjacent villages across the border in southern Yunnan including the mountain villages in Xiaobazi and Dulong Townships of Maguan County, Nanwenhe Township of Malipo County, and Qiaotu Towship of Hekou County (p.174)""}",,,bib5868,yes +4964-location-2,4964,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.7833, 105.4666]]}",,,bib5330,no 4964-location-3,4964,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no 4964-speaker_number-1,4964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4964-speakers-1,4964,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,246"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4964-speaker_number-2,4964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,50% in China and 50% in Vietnam,bib5844,yes -4964-speakers-2,4964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,50% in China and 50% in Vietnam,bib5844,yes +4964-speaker_number-2,4964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,50% in China and 50% in Vietnam,bib5868,yes +4964-speakers-2,4964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,50% in China and 50% in Vietnam,bib5868,yes 4964-speaker_number-3,4964,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"9,050 in Viet Nam (1999 census).",bib67,no 4964-speakers-3,4964,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,246"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"9,050 in Viet Nam (1999 census).",bib67,no 4964-LEI-1,4964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4964-vitality-1,4964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4964-LEI-2,4964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,shifting to Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region; should be considered highly endangered.,bib5844,yes -4964-vitality-2,4964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,shifting to Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region; should be considered highly endangered.,bib5844,yes +4964-LEI-2,4964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,shifting to Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region; should be considered highly endangered.,bib5868,yes +4964-vitality-2,4964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,shifting to Vietnamese and other ethnic languages in the region; should be considered highly endangered.,bib5868,yes 4964-LEI-3,4964,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4964-vitality-3,4964,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4965-context-2,4965,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Urdu in official domains"", ""Khowar and Pashto with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar; Pashto; Urdu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Urdu is the official language and medium for instruction while Pashto is the provincial language where the Palula live. Khowar is used with non-Palulu speakers in Chitral whereas Pashto is used with non-Khowar speakers in the province.,bib4659,yes -4965-location-1,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -4965-location-2,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Palula mainly dwell in the Ashret and the Biori valleys, located in the southern part of Chitral district, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Scattered settlements are also found in Purigal, Kalkatak and Badrugal where the vitality of Palula is decreasing.""}",,,bib4659,yes -4965-location-3,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral, in the villages of Ashret, Kalkatak, Byori, Ghos, and Purigal""}",,,bib740,no +4965-context-2,4965,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Urdu in official domains"", ""Khowar and Pashto with outsiders""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khowar; Pashto; Urdu"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Urdu is the official language and medium for instruction while Pashto is the provincial language where the Palula live. Khowar is used with non-Palulu speakers in Chitral whereas Pashto is used with non-Khowar speakers in the province.,bib4681,yes +4965-location-1,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +4965-location-2,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""The Palula mainly dwell in the Ashret and the Biori valleys, located in the southern part of Chitral district, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Scattered settlements are also found in Purigal, Kalkatak and Badrugal where the vitality of Palula is decreasing.""}",,,bib4681,yes +4965-location-3,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Southern Chitral, in the villages of Ashret, Kalkatak, Byori, Ghos, and Purigal""}",,,bib744,no 4965-location-4,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -4965-location-5,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""7 villages near Drosh, Chitral possibly 1 village in Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib6094,no -4965-location-6,4965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.7264, 71.7434]]}",,,bib5307,no +4965-location-5,4965,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""7 villages near Drosh, Chitral possibly 1 village in Dir Kohistan""}",,,bib6118,no +4965-location-6,4965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.7264, 71.7434]]}",,,bib5330,no 4965-location-7,4965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.494814, 71.82305]]}",,,bib75,no -4965-speaker_number-1,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4659,yes -4965-speakers-1,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,841"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4659,yes -4965-speaker_number-2,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib740,no -4965-speakers-2,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib740,no +4965-speaker_number-1,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4681,yes +4965-speakers-1,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,841"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4681,yes +4965-speaker_number-2,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib744,no +4965-speakers-2,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib744,no 4965-speaker_number-3,4965,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 4965-speakers-3,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -4965-speaker_number-4,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6094,no -4965-speakers-4,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6094,no -4965-speaker_number-5,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4965-speakers-5,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +4965-speaker_number-4,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6118,no +4965-speakers-4,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6118,no +4965-speaker_number-5,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4965-speakers-5,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 4965-speaker_number-6,4965,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4965-speakers-6,4965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -4965-LEI-1,4965,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4659,yes -4965-transmission-1,4965,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4659,yes -4965-domains_of_use-1,4965,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4659,yes -4965-speaker_number_trends-1,4965,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4659,yes -4965-vitality-1,4965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4659,yes -4965-LEI-2,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,no -4965-vitality-2,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,no +4965-LEI-1,4965,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4681,yes +4965-transmission-1,4965,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4681,yes +4965-domains_of_use-1,4965,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4681,yes +4965-speaker_number_trends-1,4965,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4681,yes +4965-vitality-1,4965,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Palula is almost exclusively used among people who speak Palula as their first language. Within the Biori and Ashret Valleys, it is in most cases the only language in communicative use, and there are very few native speakers of other languages residing in those locations."" (p. 40)",bib4681,yes +4965-LEI-2,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,no +4965-vitality-2,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,no 4965-LEI-3,4965,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4965-vitality-3,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4965-LEI-4,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality.",bib6094,no -4965-vitality-4,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality.",bib6094,no -4965-LEI-5,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4965-vitality-5,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4965-LEI-4,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality.",bib6118,no +4965-vitality-4,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Other small languages, Yidgha, Phalura and Gawar-bati, are also losing their vitality.",bib6118,no +4965-LEI-5,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4965-vitality-5,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4965-LEI-6,4965,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4965-vitality-6,4965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4966-context-1,4966,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha; Lahu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All are multilingual, speaking Akha and/or Lahu and some Tai language. At the village in Houaysai Province in Laos, the language is being replaced by Lahu. At the village in Namtha Province and in China, it is being replaced by Akha.",bib1205,yes -4966-context-2,4966,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ahka; Tai Lu; Lao; Khmu""}",,,bib3360,no -4966-location-1,4966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.428956, 100.484125]]}",,,bib7945,no +4966-context-1,4966,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha; Lahu"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All are multilingual, speaking Akha and/or Lahu and some Tai language. At the village in Houaysai Province in Laos, the language is being replaced by Lahu. At the village in Namtha Province and in China, it is being replaced by Akha.",bib1214,yes +4966-context-2,4966,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ahka; Tai Lu; Lao; Khmu""}",,,bib3378,no +4966-location-1,4966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.428956, 100.484125]]}",,,bib7970,no 4966-location-2,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib233,no -4966-location-3,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong county in Yunna, China, and northwestern Laos.""}",,,bib1205,yes -4966-location-4,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Mengla Couty in Xishuangbanna Prefecture in SW Yunnan Province, China. Also three villages in northern Laos - two in Bopiet and Namtoung in the Luang Namtha District of Luang Namtha Province, and one in the Houaxay District of Bokeo Province near the Golden Triangle.""}",,,bib3360,no +4966-location-3,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong county in Yunna, China, and northwestern Laos.""}",,,bib1214,yes +4966-location-4,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Mengla Couty in Xishuangbanna Prefecture in SW Yunnan Province, China. Also three villages in northern Laos - two in Bopiet and Namtoung in the Luang Namtha District of Luang Namtha Province, and one in the Houaxay District of Bokeo Province near the Golden Triangle.""}",,,bib3378,no 4966-location-5,4966,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no 4966-speaker_number-1,4966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4966-speakers-1,4966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4966-speaker_number-2,4966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A few hundred members of Bana (Phana') in Laos, also some hundreds nearby in China. Language closely related to Sila. Classified in the Hani Nationality in China, and in the Akha group in Laos.",bib1205,yes -4966-speakers-2,4966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A few hundred members of Bana (Phana') in Laos, also some hundreds nearby in China. Language closely related to Sila. Classified in the Hani Nationality in China, and in the Akha group in Laos.",bib1205,yes -4966-speakers-3,4966,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,370""}",,"Officially classified in China under the Hani nationality. Estimated population (out of the entire Hani population) in China: 5,020 (2010); 350 in Laos (1995 L. Chazee)",bib3360,no +4966-speaker_number-2,4966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"A few hundred members of Bana (Phana') in Laos, also some hundreds nearby in China. Language closely related to Sila. Classified in the Hani Nationality in China, and in the Akha group in Laos.",bib1214,yes +4966-speakers-2,4966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"A few hundred members of Bana (Phana') in Laos, also some hundreds nearby in China. Language closely related to Sila. Classified in the Hani Nationality in China, and in the Akha group in Laos.",bib1214,yes +4966-speakers-3,4966,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,370""}",,"Officially classified in China under the Hani nationality. Estimated population (out of the entire Hani population) in China: 5,020 (2010); 350 in Laos (1995 L. Chazee)",bib3378,no 4966-speaker_number-4,4966,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1995 census.,bib67,no 4966-speakers-4,4966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1995 census.,bib67,no 4966-LEI-1,4966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4966-vitality-1,4966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4966-LEI-2,4966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib1205,yes -4966-vitality-2,4966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib1205,yes +4966-LEI-2,4966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib1214,yes +4966-vitality-2,4966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib1214,yes 4966-LEI-3,4966,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4966-vitality-3,4966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4967-location-1,4967,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.686, -106.1378]]}",,,bib5307,no -4967-location-2,4967,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib1547,yes +4967-location-1,4967,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.686, -106.1378]]}",,,bib5330,no +4967-location-2,4967,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib1559,yes 4967-location-3,4967,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.0, -111.0]]}",,,bib216,no 4967-location-4,4967,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central Sonora-Chihuahua border, scattered.""}",,,bib67,no -4967-speaker_number-1,4967,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4967-speakers-1,4967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""159"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -4967-speaker_number-2,4967,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"INALI lists 851 as the number of speakers for ""Pima."" This number includes Pima del este (Eastern Pima), Pima del norte (Northern Pima), Pima del sur (Southern Pima), and Pima Bajo (Lower Pima).",bib1547,yes -4967-speakers-2,4967,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"INALI lists 851 as the number of speakers for ""Pima."" This number includes Pima del este (Eastern Pima), Pima del norte (Northern Pima), Pima del sur (Southern Pima), and Pima Bajo (Lower Pima).",bib1547,yes +4967-speaker_number-1,4967,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4967-speakers-1,4967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""159"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +4967-speaker_number-2,4967,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"INALI lists 851 as the number of speakers for ""Pima."" This number includes Pima del este (Eastern Pima), Pima del norte (Northern Pima), Pima del sur (Southern Pima), and Pima Bajo (Lower Pima).",bib1559,yes +4967-speakers-2,4967,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"INALI lists 851 as the number of speakers for ""Pima."" This number includes Pima del este (Eastern Pima), Pima del norte (Northern Pima), Pima del sur (Southern Pima), and Pima Bajo (Lower Pima).",bib1559,yes 4967-speaker_number-3,4967,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4967-speakers-3,4967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4967-speakers-4,4967,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989""}",,,bib67,no -4967-LEI-1,4967,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4967-vitality-1,4967,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4967-LEI-2,4967,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -4967-vitality-2,4967,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +4967-LEI-1,4967,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4967-vitality-1,4967,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4967-LEI-2,4967,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +4967-vitality-2,4967,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 4967-LEI-3,4967,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4967-vitality-3,4967,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4968-context-1,4968,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""3""}",,,bib69,no -4968-location-1,4968,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9, 142.85]]}",,,bib5307,no +4968-location-1,4968,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.9, 142.85]]}",,,bib5330,no 4968-location-2,4968,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, middle Sepik region, eastern headwaters of Niksek (April) river.""}",,,bib69,no -4968-location-3,4968,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Piame village, \""at theheadwaters of the Niksek (April) River\""""}",,,bib1794,yes -4968-speaker_number-1,4968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4968-speakers-1,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4968-location-3,4968,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Piame village, \""at theheadwaters of the Niksek (April) River\""""}",,,bib1806,yes +4968-speaker_number-1,4968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4968-speakers-1,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4968-speaker_number-2,4968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Wurm and Hattori),bib69,no 4968-speakers-2,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori),bib69,no -4968-speaker_number-3,4968,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1794,yes -4968-speakers-3,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1794,yes +4968-speaker_number-3,4968,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1806,yes +4968-speakers-3,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1806,yes 4968-speaker_number-4,4968,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4968-speakers-4,4968,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -4968-LEI-1,4968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4968-vitality-1,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4968-LEI-1,4968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4968-vitality-1,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4968-LEI-2,4968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4968-vitality-2,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4968-LEI-3,4968,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -4968-vitality-3,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes +4968-LEI-3,4968,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +4968-vitality-3,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes 4968-LEI-4,4968,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4968-vitality-4,4968,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4969-location-1,4969,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.87032743, 139.6751887]]}",,,bib1182,yes +4969-location-1,4969,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.87032743, 139.6751887]]}",,,bib1191,yes 4969-location-2,4969,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -4969-speakers-1,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last full speaker of Pitta-Pitta died in the late 1970s.,bib1182,yes +4969-speakers-1,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last full speaker of Pitta-Pitta died in the late 1970s.,bib1191,yes 4969-speaker_number-2,4969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4969-speakers-2,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4969-speaker_number-3,4969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4969-speakers-3,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no +4969-speaker_number-3,4969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4969-speakers-3,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no 4969-speakers-4,4969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,"""Extinct. Unlikely any speakers remain."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm (2003).",bib67,no -4969-LEI-1,4969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -4969-vitality-1,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +4969-LEI-1,4969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +4969-vitality-1,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 4969-LEI-2,4969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4969-vitality-2,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4969-LEI-3,4969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4969-vitality-3,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +4969-LEI-3,4969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4969-vitality-3,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 4969-LEI-4,4969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 4969-vitality-4,4969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 4971-context-1,4971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali""}",,,bib68,no -4971-context-2,4971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla and neighboring languages such as Bawm Chin, Chakma and Lushai; Mizo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Bangla is the national language and the medium for instruction. Bangla is also used in the market to people who don't speak Pangkhua. Bawm Chin, Chakma or Lushai is used with neighboring non-Pangkhua speaking communities. For the Pangkhua living in Sajek, they also learn Mizo if they visit Mizoram state (India) frequently.",bib4171,yes +4971-context-2,4971,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bangla and neighboring languages such as Bawm Chin, Chakma and Lushai; Mizo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Bangla is the national language and the medium for instruction. Bangla is also used in the market to people who don't speak Pangkhua. Bawm Chin, Chakma or Lushai is used with neighboring non-Pangkhua speaking communities. For the Pangkhua living in Sajek, they also learn Mizo if they visit Mizoram state (India) frequently.",bib4191,yes 4971-location-1,4971,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh""], ""Description"": ""Chittagong Division, Rangamati district.""}",,,bib68,no 4971-location-2,4971,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.68, 92.95]]}",,,bib75,no -4971-location-3,4971,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Bangladesh: Bilaichari, Jorachari, Barkal and Baghaichari subdistricts of Rangamati district""}",,,bib4171,yes +4971-location-3,4971,location,"{""Places"": [""Bangladesh"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Bangladesh: Bilaichari, Jorachari, Barkal and Baghaichari subdistricts of Rangamati district""}",,,bib4191,yes 4971-speaker_number-1,4971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 4971-speakers-1,4971,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no 4971-speaker_number-2,4971,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -51014,108 +51200,108 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4971-vitality-1,4971,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib68,no 4971-LEI-2,4971,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4971-vitality-2,4971,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4971-LEI-3,4971,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4171,yes -4971-transmission-3,4971,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4171,yes -4971-domains_of_use-3,4971,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4171,yes -4971-speaker_number_trends-3,4971,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4171,yes -4971-vitality-3,4971,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4171,yes -4972-location-1,4972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.274264, 142.706775]]}",,,bib7945,no +4971-LEI-3,4971,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4191,yes +4971-transmission-3,4971,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4191,yes +4971-domains_of_use-3,4971,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib4191,yes +4971-speaker_number_trends-3,4971,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib4191,yes +4971-vitality-3,4971,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4191,yes +4972-location-1,4972,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.274264, 142.706775]]}",,,bib7970,no 4972-location-2,4972,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 4972-speaker_number-1,4972,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 4972-speakers-1,4972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -4972-speaker_number-2,4972,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -4972-speakers-2,4972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes +4972-speaker_number-2,4972,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +4972-speakers-2,4972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes 4972-speaker_number-3,4972,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 4972-speakers-3,4972,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data from Wurm and Hattori(1981).,bib67,no 4972-LEI-1,4972,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4972-vitality-1,4972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4972-LEI-2,4972,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -4972-vitality-2,4972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +4972-LEI-2,4972,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +4972-vitality-2,4972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 4972-LEI-3,4972,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4972-vitality-3,4972,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4973-location-1,4973,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.871, -165.8441]]}",,,bib5307,no +4973-location-1,4973,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.871, -165.8441]]}",,,bib5330,no 4973-location-2,4973,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia"", ""Cook Islands"", ""New Zealand""]}",,,bib67,yes -4973-speaker_number-1,4973,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4973-speakers-1,4973,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""840"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4973-speaker_number-1,4973,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4973-speakers-1,4973,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""840"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4973-speaker_number-2,4973,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4973-speakers-2,4973,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4973-speaker_number-3,4973,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,840 in Cook Islands (1997). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1997.,bib67,yes 4973-speakers-3,4973,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,840 in Cook Islands (1997). Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1997.,bib67,yes -4973-LEI-1,4973,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4973-vitality-1,4973,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4973-LEI-1,4973,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4973-vitality-1,4973,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4973-LEI-2,4973,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4973-vitality-2,4973,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4973-LEI-3,4973,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4973-vitality-3,4973,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -4975-context-1,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1515,yes -4975-context-2,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1512,no +4975-context-1,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"Tous les locuteurs de la région, excepté peut-être les femmes âgées de certains villages isolés, sont bilingues haoussa-langue maternelle.",bib1527,yes +4975-context-2,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib1524,no 4975-context-3,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Reported to be giving way to Hausa.,bib100,no -4975-context-4,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Polci, Hausa, Fulfulde""}",,"""They speak Posanchi and Hausa as the trade language. A few who live near the Fulani also speak Fulfulde.”",bib5633,no -4975-location-1,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib981,no +4975-context-4,4975,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Polci, Hausa, Fulfulde""}",,"""They speak Posanchi and Hausa as the trade language. A few who live near the Fulani also speak Fulfulde.”",bib5657,no +4975-location-1,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi and Toro Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib985,no 4975-location-2,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -4975-location-3,4975,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9742, 9.3328]]}",,,bib5307,no -4975-location-4,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1515,yes -4975-location-5,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.133333, 9.6]]}",,,bib1519,no -4975-location-6,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria",bib1512,no +4975-location-3,4975,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.9742, 9.3328]]}",,,bib5330,no +4975-location-4,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"le sud de l’état de Bauchi, au nord du Nigeria",bib1527,yes +4975-location-5,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.133333, 9.6]]}",,,bib1531,no +4975-location-6,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"the south of Bauchi State, Nigeria",bib1524,no 4975-location-7,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Dass, Toro, and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,,bib100,no -4975-location-8,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1516,no -4975-location-9,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Dass, Toro, and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Polci tribe of about 15,000 is found mostly in Dass and Toro LGAs of Bauchi State. Some also live in Bauchi LGA. Their main towns and villages include Dass, Bazali, Nabordo, Jama’a, Rimin-Zem, Jimeri and Riyan.""",bib5633,no -4975-speaker_number-1,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"2,950 (LA 1971); 70,000 (Caron 2005)",bib981,no -4975-speakers-1,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"2,950 (LA 1971); 70,000 (Caron 2005)",bib981,no +4975-location-8,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,the south of Bauchi State (Nigeria),bib1528,no +4975-location-9,4975,location,"{""Places"": [""Dass, Toro, and Bauchi Local Government Areas, Bauchi State, Nigeria""]}",,"“The Polci tribe of about 15,000 is found mostly in Dass and Toro LGAs of Bauchi State. Some also live in Bauchi LGA. Their main towns and villages include Dass, Bazali, Nabordo, Jama’a, Rimin-Zem, Jimeri and Riyan.""",bib5657,no +4975-speaker_number-1,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"2,950 (LA 1971); 70,000 (Caron 2005)",bib985,no +4975-speakers-1,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"2,950 (LA 1971); 70,000 (Caron 2005)",bib985,no 4975-speaker_number-2,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 Polci; 22,000 Polci cluster (CAPRO 1995).",bib67,no 4975-speakers-2,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 Polci; 22,000 Polci cluster (CAPRO 1995).",bib67,no -4975-speaker_number-3,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -4975-speakers-3,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -4975-speaker_number-4,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000)...,bib1515,yes -4975-speakers-4,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000)...,bib1515,yes -4975-speaker_number-5,4975,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,just surviving with less than 2000 speakers,bib1512,no -4975-speakers-5,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,just surviving with less than 2000 speakers,bib1512,no +4975-speaker_number-3,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +4975-speakers-3,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +4975-speaker_number-4,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000)...,bib1527,yes +4975-speakers-4,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Les Polci et les Zoɗi sont relativement nombreux (environ 50 000)...,bib1527,yes +4975-speaker_number-5,4975,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,just surviving with less than 2000 speakers,bib1524,no +4975-speakers-5,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,just surviving with less than 2000 speakers,bib1524,no 4975-speaker_number-6,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib100,no 4975-speakers-6,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib100,no 4975-speaker_number-7,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4975-speakers-7,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -4975-speaker_number-8,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5633,no -4975-speakers-8,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5633,no -4975-LEI-1,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -4975-vitality-1,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no +4975-speaker_number-8,4975,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5657,no +4975-speakers-8,4975,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5657,no +4975-LEI-1,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +4975-vitality-1,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no 4975-LEI-2,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4975-vitality-2,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4975-LEI-3,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4975-vitality-3,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4975-LEI-4,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1515,yes -4975-vitality-4,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1515,yes -4975-LEI-5,4975,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few languages are sound (Zoɗi, Polci, Zakshi), even prosperous (Zaar). The basis of their economy is agriculture in the plains, where their speakers have access to primary and secondary education, in Hausa and English.",bib1512,no -4975-vitality-5,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"A few languages are sound (Zoɗi, Polci, Zakshi), even prosperous (Zaar). The basis of their economy is agriculture in the plains, where their speakers have access to primary and secondary education, in Hausa and English.",bib1512,no +4975-LEI-3,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4975-vitality-3,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4975-LEI-4,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1527,yes +4975-vitality-4,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1527,yes +4975-LEI-5,4975,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"A few languages are sound (Zoɗi, Polci, Zakshi), even prosperous (Zaar). The basis of their economy is agriculture in the plains, where their speakers have access to primary and secondary education, in Hausa and English.",bib1524,no +4975-vitality-5,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"A few languages are sound (Zoɗi, Polci, Zakshi), even prosperous (Zaar). The basis of their economy is agriculture in the plains, where their speakers have access to primary and secondary education, in Hausa and English.",bib1524,no 4975-LEI-6,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib100,no 4975-vitality-6,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib100,no 4975-LEI-7,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4975-vitality-7,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4975-LEI-8,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5633,no -4975-vitality-8,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5633,no -4976-context-1,4976,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many adolescents now take great pleasure in learning the creole, and gone are the days when Palenquero (and with it, local culture) was shunned.""}",,,bib6670,yes -4976-location-1,4976,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken only in the village of San Basilio del Palenque, Bol\u00edvar, Colombia."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.1031, -75.1992]]}",,,bib4687,no -4976-location-2,4976,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0952, -75.1142]]}",,,bib5307,no -4976-location-3,4976,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El Palenque village (San Basilio de Palenque, El Palenque de San Basilio)""}",,about 60 kilometres from Cartagena de Indias,bib6670,yes +4975-LEI-8,4975,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5657,no +4975-vitality-8,4975,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5657,no +4976-context-1,4976,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many adolescents now take great pleasure in learning the creole, and gone are the days when Palenquero (and with it, local culture) was shunned.""}",,,bib6694,yes +4976-location-1,4976,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken only in the village of San Basilio del Palenque, Bol\u00edvar, Colombia."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.1031, -75.1992]]}",,,bib4709,no +4976-location-2,4976,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0952, -75.1142]]}",,,bib5330,no +4976-location-3,4976,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""El Palenque village (San Basilio de Palenque, El Palenque de San Basilio)""}",,about 60 kilometres from Cartagena de Indias,bib6694,yes 4976-location-4,4976,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no -4976-speakers-1,4976,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012""}",,,bib4687,no -4976-speaker_number-2,4976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -4976-speakers-2,4976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -4976-speaker_number-3,4976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Today, only about half of Palenque's 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants have active command of the creole (the adult remainder has partial or complete passive knowledge).",bib6670,yes -4976-speakers-3,4976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4000""}",,"Today, only about half of Palenque's 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants have active command of the creole (the adult remainder has partial or complete passive knowledge).",bib6670,yes +4976-speakers-1,4976,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012""}",,,bib4709,no +4976-speaker_number-2,4976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +4976-speakers-2,4976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +4976-speaker_number-3,4976,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Today, only about half of Palenque's 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants have active command of the creole (the adult remainder has partial or complete passive knowledge).",bib6694,yes +4976-speakers-3,4976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""4000""}",,"Today, only about half of Palenque's 4,000 to 5,000 inhabitants have active command of the creole (the adult remainder has partial or complete passive knowledge).",bib6694,yes 4976-speaker_number-4,4976,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4976-speakers-4,4976,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4976-speaker_number-5,4976,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"500 (Holm 1989). Ethnic population: 3,500.",bib67,no 4976-speakers-5,4976,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"500 (Holm 1989). Ethnic population: 3,500.",bib67,no -4976-LEI-1,4976,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4687,no -4976-transmission-1,4976,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4687,no -4976-domains_of_use-1,4976,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4687,no -4976-vitality-1,4976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4687,no -4976-LEI-2,4976,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4976-vitality-2,4976,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -4976-LEI-3,4976,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6670,yes -4976-transmission-3,4976,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6670,yes -4976-speaker_number_trends-3,4976,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6670,yes -4976-vitality-3,4976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6670,yes +4976-LEI-1,4976,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4709,no +4976-transmission-1,4976,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4709,no +4976-domains_of_use-1,4976,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib4709,no +4976-vitality-1,4976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4709,no +4976-LEI-2,4976,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4976-vitality-2,4976,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +4976-LEI-3,4976,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6694,yes +4976-transmission-3,4976,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6694,yes +4976-speaker_number_trends-3,4976,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib6694,yes +4976-vitality-3,4976,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6694,yes 4976-LEI-4,4976,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4976-vitality-4,4976,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4976-LEI-5,4976,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -51135,73 +51321,73 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4977-vitality-2,4977,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4977-LEI-3,4977,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4977-vitality-3,4977,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4978-location-1,4978,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.9955, -99.6458]]}",,,bib5307,no +4978-location-1,4978,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.9955, -99.6458]]}",,,bib5330,no 4978-location-2,4978,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -4978-speaker_number-1,4978,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -4978-speakers-1,4978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""337"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +4978-speaker_number-1,4978,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +4978-speakers-1,4978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""337"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 4978-speaker_number-2,4978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4978-speakers-2,4978,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,616"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4978-speaker_number-3,4978,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 4978-speakers-3,4978,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,620"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -4978-LEI-1,4978,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -4978-vitality-1,4978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +4978-LEI-1,4978,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +4978-vitality-1,4978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 4978-LEI-2,4978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4978-vitality-2,4978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4978-LEI-3,4978,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 4978-vitality-3,4978,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4979-location-1,4979,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.94, 144.88]]}",,,bib75,no 4979-location-2,4979,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,no -4979-speaker_number-1,4979,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers are middle-aged and older. Children are not learning the language.,bib1976,yes -4979-speakers-1,4979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers are middle-aged and older. Children are not learning the language.,bib1976,yes +4979-speaker_number-1,4979,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers are middle-aged and older. Children are not learning the language.,bib1988,yes +4979-speakers-1,4979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers are middle-aged and older. Children are not learning the language.,bib1988,yes 4979-speaker_number-2,4979,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 4979-speakers-2,4979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 4979-speaker_number-3,4979,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Z’Graggen (1975).,bib67,no 4979-speakers-3,4979,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Z’Graggen (1975).,bib67,no -4979-LEI-1,4979,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1976,yes -4979-transmission-1,4979,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1976,yes -4979-vitality-1,4979,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1976,yes +4979-LEI-1,4979,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1988,yes +4979-transmission-1,4979,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1988,yes +4979-vitality-1,4979,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1988,yes 4979-LEI-2,4979,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4979-vitality-2,4979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4979-LEI-3,4979,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4979-vitality-3,4979,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4980-context-1,4980,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +4980-context-1,4980,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 4980-location-1,4980,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[38.0, -121.0]]}",,,bib216,no -4980-location-2,4980,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,"Formerly spoken along the lower Cosumnes and Moquelumne Rivers to the southeast of Sacramento, from Ione to Stockton. Plains Miwok descendants now reside at the Ione Rancheria and the Wilton Rancheria.",bib5217,yes +4980-location-2,4980,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,"Formerly spoken along the lower Cosumnes and Moquelumne Rivers to the southeast of Sacramento, from Ione to Stockton. Plains Miwok descendants now reside at the Ione Rancheria and the Wilton Rancheria.",bib5240,yes 4980-location-3,4980,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Deltas of San Joaquin and Cosumnes rivers.""}",,,bib67,no 4980-speaker_number-1,4980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4980-speakers-1,4980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -4980-speakers-2,4980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5217,yes +4980-speakers-2,4980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5240,yes 4980-speaker_number-3,4980,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Landar in Sebeok 1977 (1962). (No known L1 speakers [2016].)",bib67,no 4980-speakers-3,4980,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from H. Landar in Sebeok 1977 (1962). (No known L1 speakers [2016].)",bib67,no 4980-LEI-1,4980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4980-vitality-1,4980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4980-LEI-2,4980,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -4980-vitality-2,4980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes +4980-LEI-2,4980,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +4980-vitality-2,4980,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes 4980-LEI-3,4980,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4980-transmission-3,4980,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 4980-vitality-3,4980,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -4984-location-1,4984,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.43261, 116.215897]]}",,"Spoken along the middle Ashburton from near Nanutarra Station to near Wyloo Station, and along Duck Creek. Their territory went as far north as Mt Amy, and was mostly hill country.",bib596,no -4984-location-2,4984,location,"{""Description"": ""Binigura traditional country is along the Ashburton River between Nanutarra and Wyloo Stations, and around the Hardy River junction. It may also have stretched north and east to Duck Creek and the Hammersley Range, and south beyond the Ashburton River... Many Binigura people live around the Carnarvon to Onlsow southern region of the Pilbara in Western Australia.""}",,,bib1578,yes -4984-location-3,4984,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.18535, 116.185064]]}",,,bib7945,no +4984-location-1,4984,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.43261, 116.215897]]}",,"Spoken along the middle Ashburton from near Nanutarra Station to near Wyloo Station, and along Duck Creek. Their territory went as far north as Mt Amy, and was mostly hill country.",bib599,no +4984-location-2,4984,location,"{""Description"": ""Binigura traditional country is along the Ashburton River between Nanutarra and Wyloo Stations, and around the Hardy River junction. It may also have stretched north and east to Duck Creek and the Hammersley Range, and south beyond the Ashburton River... Many Binigura people live around the Carnarvon to Onlsow southern region of the Pilbara in Western Australia.""}",,,bib1590,yes +4984-location-3,4984,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.18535, 116.185064]]}",,,bib7970,no 4984-location-4,4984,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, northwest, inland on Duck creek.""}",,,bib69,no -4984-speaker_number-1,4984,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,no -4984-speakers-1,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,no -4984-speakers-2,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,The language appears to be extinct; all present day descendants of the Pinikura speak Thalanyji.,bib596,no -4984-speakers-4,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004""}",,A 2004 survey by Wangka Maya Language Centre could not identify a single full speaker of the Binigura language. A few people were recognised as having a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Binigura heritage but speak other languages.,bib1578,yes +4984-speaker_number-1,4984,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,no +4984-speakers-1,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,no +4984-speakers-2,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers""}",,The language appears to be extinct; all present day descendants of the Pinikura speak Thalanyji.,bib599,no +4984-speakers-4,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004""}",,A 2004 survey by Wangka Maya Language Centre could not identify a single full speaker of the Binigura language. A few people were recognised as having a partial or passive understanding of the language. Many more people identify as being from Binigura heritage but speak other languages.,bib1590,yes 4984-speaker_number-5,4984,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4984-speakers-5,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4984-speakers-6,4984,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,No known L1 speakers (Wurm 2007).,bib69,no -4984-LEI-1,4984,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -4984-vitality-1,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -4984-LEI-2,4984,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1578,yes -4984-vitality-2,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1578,yes +4984-LEI-1,4984,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +4984-vitality-1,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +4984-LEI-2,4984,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1590,yes +4984-vitality-2,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1590,yes 4984-LEI-3,4984,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4984-vitality-3,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4984-LEI-4,4984,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 4984-vitality-4,4984,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -4985-location-1,4985,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.305375, 15.741636]]}",,,bib7945,no +4985-location-1,4985,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.305375, 15.741636]]}",,,bib7970,no 4985-location-2,4985,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic"", ""Chad"", ""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,yes 4985-speaker_number-1,4985,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 4985-speakers-1,4985,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""85,975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -51213,8 +51399,8 @@ ethnically and linguistically Uzbek... In work domains, Tajik or Uzbek predomina 4985-vitality-2,4985,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 4986-location-1,4986,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.73, -89.74]]}",,,bib75,no 4986-location-2,4986,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""East, Jalapa Department, San Luis Jilotepeque; northwest of Guatemala City, Chinautla; 20 km south of Guatemala City.""}",,,bib67,no -4986-location-3,4986,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""A 547 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -4986-location-4,4986,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Escuintla: Pal\u00edn.\n- Guatemala: Chinautla, Mixco (parte), Petapa, Amatitl\u00e1n, Pinula.\n- Jalapa: San Luis Jilotepeque, San Pedro Pinula, San Carlos Alzatate.\n- Jutiapa: Asunci\u00f3n Mita.""}",,,bib6262,yes +4986-location-3,4986,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""A 547 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +4986-location-4,4986,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Escuintla: Pal\u00edn.\n- Guatemala: Chinautla, Mixco (parte), Petapa, Amatitl\u00e1n, Pinula.\n- Jalapa: San Luis Jilotepeque, San Pedro Pinula, San Carlos Alzatate.\n- Jutiapa: Asunci\u00f3n Mita.""}",,,bib6286,yes 4986-speaker_number-1,4986,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 3 Poqomam languages: Poqomam, Central [poc] 8,600 (1990). Poqomam, Eastern [poa] 12,500 (1990). @@ -51228,158 +51414,158 @@ Poqomam, Southern [pou] 27,900 (1991). Ethnologue (2013) has only one, [poc]: 49,000 (1990–1991 SIL). (Total number unchanged.)",bib67,no 4986-speakers-2,4986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42,009"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"20,679 men; 21,330 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -4986-speaker_number-3,4986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -4986-speakers-3,4986,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,548"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +4986-speaker_number-3,4986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +4986-speakers-3,4986,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,548"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 4986-speaker_number-4,4986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 4986-speakers-4,4986,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 4986-speaker_number-5,4986,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9,548 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las -proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 4986-speakers-5,4986,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,548"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9,548 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las -proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 4986-LEI-1,4986,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 4986-vitality-1,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -4986-LEI-2,4986,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -4986-vitality-2,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +4986-LEI-2,4986,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +4986-vitality-2,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 4986-LEI-3,4986,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4986-vitality-3,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -4986-LEI-4,4986,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -4986-vitality-4,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +4986-LEI-4,4986,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +4986-vitality-4,4986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 4987-location-1,4987,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib69,no 4987-location-2,4987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.0, -122.5]]}",,,bib216,no -4987-location-3,4987,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Elem Indian Colony at Sulphur Bank and the Lower Lake Rancheria.""}",,,bib5217,no +4987-location-3,4987,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: Elem Indian Colony at Sulphur Bank and the Lower Lake Rancheria.""}",,,bib5240,no 4987-speaker_number-1,4987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 4987-speakers-1,4987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 4987-speaker_number-2,4987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(G. Reece) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no 4987-speakers-2,4987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"(G. Reece) (Unchanged 2016.)",bib69,no -4987-speakers-3,4987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The heritage language of the Elem Indian Colony at Sulphur Bank and the Lower Lake Rancheria. The last fluent speaker died in the 1990s.,bib5217,no +4987-speakers-3,4987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The heritage language of the Elem Indian Colony at Sulphur Bank and the Lower Lake Rancheria. The last fluent speaker died in the 1990s.,bib5240,no 4987-speakers-4,4987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1-2""}",,"At the time we began our revitalization project, there were two remaining speakers of the language, one of whom was in her fifties, and the other of whom was in her seventies. The speaker with whom I have been able to work is Mrs. Loretta Kelsey; she used her language in regular communication with her mother until she was in her thirties, but, until our work together began, had not used it regularly since that time.",bib335,yes 4987-LEI-1,4987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 4987-vitality-1,4987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 4987-LEI-2,4987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 4987-vitality-2,4987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -4987-LEI-3,4987,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -4987-vitality-3,4987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +4987-LEI-3,4987,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +4987-vitality-3,4987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 4987-LEI-4,4987,LEI,Awakening (),,"Each step that the Elem Pomo Language Group took during the period reported on in this paper -- the creation of an orthography, making and using flashcards in language teaching, gathering data for a phrasebook, and holding immersion language camps -- has been an important move forward in the renewal of Elem.",bib335,yes 4987-vitality-4,4987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Each step that the Elem Pomo Language Group took during the period reported on in this paper -- the creation of an orthography, making and using flashcards in language teaching, gathering data for a phrasebook, and holding immersion language camps -- has been an important move forward in the renewal of Elem.",bib335,yes -5005-context-1,5005,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southern Tuareg (Tamajeq); Arabic; Hausa;"", ""Government Support"": ""An official language of Niger"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Since 1991, Tasawaq has been recognized as an official language of Niger. This status has no practical consequences.",bib4301,yes +5005-context-1,5005,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Southern Tuareg (Tamajeq); Arabic; Hausa;"", ""Government Support"": ""An official language of Niger"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Since 1991, Tasawaq has been recognized as an official language of Niger. This status has no practical consequences.",bib4322,yes 5005-context-2,5005,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa; Tamajaq""}",,,bib67,no -5005-location-1,5005,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""The date-palm oasis of In-Gall, about 100km west of Agadez in the desert of Niger."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.785806, 6.930974]]}",,,bib4301,yes +5005-location-1,5005,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""The date-palm oasis of In-Gall, about 100km west of Agadez in the desert of Niger."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.785806, 6.930974]]}",,,bib4322,yes 5005-location-2,5005,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Central Niger, Ingal and Teguidda-n-Tessoumt, near Agadez.""}",,,bib67,no -5005-speaker_number-1,5005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4301,yes -5005-speakers-1,5005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4301,yes -5005-speaker_number-2,5005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6408,no -5005-speakers-2,5005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6408,no +5005-speaker_number-1,5005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4322,yes +5005-speakers-1,5005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4322,yes +5005-speaker_number-2,5005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6432,no +5005-speakers-2,5005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6432,no 5005-speaker_number-3,5005,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from SIL(1998).,bib67,no 5005-speakers-3,5005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from SIL(1998).,bib67,no -5005-LEI-1,5005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4301,yes -5005-vitality-1,5005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4301,yes -5005-LEI-2,5005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6408,no -5005-vitality-2,5005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6408,no +5005-LEI-1,5005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4322,yes +5005-vitality-1,5005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4322,yes +5005-LEI-2,5005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6432,no +5005-vitality-2,5005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6432,no 5005-LEI-3,5005,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5005-vitality-3,5005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5007-location-1,5007,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Numan LGA, at Bali, a single village south of Jalingo"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.85938, 10.970208]]}",,,bib980,yes -5007-speaker_number-1,5007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker number used in this source is taken from SIL.,bib980,yes -5007-speakers-1,5007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker number used in this source is taken from SIL.,bib980,yes +5007-location-1,5007,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Numan LGA, at Bali, a single village south of Jalingo"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.85938, 10.970208]]}",,,bib984,yes +5007-speaker_number-1,5007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker number used in this source is taken from SIL.,bib984,yes +5007-speakers-1,5007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker number used in this source is taken from SIL.,bib984,yes 5007-speaker_number-2,5007,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5007-speakers-2,5007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5007-LEI-1,5007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -5007-vitality-1,5007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +5007-LEI-1,5007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +5007-vitality-1,5007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 5007-LEI-2,5007,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5007-vitality-2,5007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5008-location-1,5008,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna State, Saminaka LGA""}",,,bib980,no -5008-speaker_number-1,5008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"220 (NAT 1949), 2,000 (1973 SIL)",bib980,no -5008-speakers-1,5008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"220 (NAT 1949), 2,000 (1973 SIL)",bib980,no +5008-location-1,5008,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna State, Saminaka LGA""}",,,bib984,no +5008-speaker_number-1,5008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"220 (NAT 1949), 2,000 (1973 SIL)",bib984,no +5008-speakers-1,5008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"220 (NAT 1949), 2,000 (1973 SIL)",bib984,no 5008-speaker_number-2,5008,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5008-speakers-2,5008,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5008-LEI-1,5008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5008-vitality-1,5008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5008-LEI-1,5008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5008-vitality-1,5008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5008-LEI-2,5008,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5008-vitality-2,5008,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5009-context-1,5009,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French; Fulfulde""}",,"En étudiant le daba propre il s'est révélé qu'il y a de différents dialectes internes. Ces différences ressortent des études portant sur la phonologie et le lexique. On peut subdiviser le daba propre en deux parlers très proches avec une intercompréhension réciproque : le parler des montagnes (Matalao, Nivé, Tima le Bas, Tima le Haut, Nduzen), et le parler de la plaine (Douroum, Pologozom, Kombom, Mandama). Le parler des montagnes diffère de celui de la plaine au niveau du lexique, et du point de vue phonologique et morphologique. [...] Les Daba commencent à avoir de plus en plus de contacte avec les populations voisines grâce au transport locale régulier... Alors ils s'entendent entre eux en foulfouldé. Aujourd'hui le français a gagné une position forte et il est surtout apprécié par la jeune génération.",bib4656,no -5009-location-1,5009,location,"{""Description"": ""Les Daba habitent au nord-ouest de Guider, d\u00e9partement du Mayo Louti, dans une r\u00e9gion tr\u00e8s isol\u00e9e et montagneuse.""}",,,bib4656,no -5009-location-2,5009,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The daba people live north west of Guider, arrondissement of Mayo Oulo in a very mountainous area.""}",,,bib2919,no +5009-context-1,5009,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French; Fulfulde""}",,"En étudiant le daba propre il s'est révélé qu'il y a de différents dialectes internes. Ces différences ressortent des études portant sur la phonologie et le lexique. On peut subdiviser le daba propre en deux parlers très proches avec une intercompréhension réciproque : le parler des montagnes (Matalao, Nivé, Tima le Bas, Tima le Haut, Nduzen), et le parler de la plaine (Douroum, Pologozom, Kombom, Mandama). Le parler des montagnes diffère de celui de la plaine au niveau du lexique, et du point de vue phonologique et morphologique. [...] Les Daba commencent à avoir de plus en plus de contacte avec les populations voisines grâce au transport locale régulier... Alors ils s'entendent entre eux en foulfouldé. Aujourd'hui le français a gagné une position forte et il est surtout apprécié par la jeune génération.",bib4678,no +5009-location-1,5009,location,"{""Description"": ""Les Daba habitent au nord-ouest de Guider, d\u00e9partement du Mayo Louti, dans une r\u00e9gion tr\u00e8s isol\u00e9e et montagneuse.""}",,,bib4678,no +5009-location-2,5009,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The daba people live north west of Guider, arrondissement of Mayo Oulo in a very mountainous area.""}",,,bib2933,no 5009-location-3,5009,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.1666666667, 13.75]]}",,,bib216,no -5009-speakers-1,5009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986""}",,"Les Daba se subdivisent dans les ethnies suivantes : Daba-propre 9-12.000 habitants, Daba-Mazagway 7-10.000 habitants et Daba-Kola 3-4.000 habitants ce qui donne une population totale d'environ 22.000 habitants. Chaque année la population s'accroît d'un pourcent.",bib4656,no -5009-speaker_number-2,5009,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2919,no -5009-speakers-2,5009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2919,no +5009-speakers-1,5009,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""22,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986""}",,"Les Daba se subdivisent dans les ethnies suivantes : Daba-propre 9-12.000 habitants, Daba-Mazagway 7-10.000 habitants et Daba-Kola 3-4.000 habitants ce qui donne une population totale d'environ 22.000 habitants. Chaque année la population s'accroît d'un pourcent.",bib4678,no +5009-speaker_number-2,5009,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2933,no +5009-speakers-2,5009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2933,no 5009-speaker_number-3,5009,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5009-speakers-3,5009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -5009-LEI-1,5009,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2919,no -5009-vitality-1,5009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2919,no +5009-LEI-1,5009,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2933,no +5009-vitality-1,5009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2933,no 5009-LEI-2,5009,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5009-vitality-2,5009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5011-location-1,5011,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Doka"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.992812, 8.301949]]}",,,bib7838,no +5011-location-1,5011,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Doka"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.992812, 8.301949]]}",,,bib7863,no 5011-speaker_number-1,5011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5011-speakers-1,5011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5011-LEI-1,5011,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5011-vitality-1,5011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5012-location-1,5012,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Kaduna State, Saminaka Division, Kauru District, Dungi town""}",,,bib6944,no -5012-speakers-1,5012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1949""}",,,bib6944,no +5012-location-1,5012,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Kaduna State, Saminaka Division, Kauru District, Dungi town""}",,,bib6968,no +5012-speakers-1,5012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1949""}",,,bib6968,no 5012-speaker_number-2,5012,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5012-speakers-2,5012,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5012-LEI-1,5012,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5012-vitality-1,5012,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5013-context-1,5013,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berom; Iten; Hausa""}",,,bib1020,yes -5013-location-1,5013,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in Kwakwi village in Plateau State, Nigeria [...] Kwakwi is situated west of the main road from Jos to Akwanga, directly after Tahoss on the road leading to Ganawuri. The F\u0259ran divide their settlement into eight distinct wards, but in reality the compounds are extremely scattered and this is a social and political distinction rather than a reflection of nucleated settlements."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.600025, 8.666694]]}",,,bib1020,yes -5013-location-2,5013,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Barakin Ladi LGA, at Kwakwi station, south of Jos""}",,,bib980,no -5013-speaker_number-1,5013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are probably about three thousand speakers of Fəran, although the scattered nature of their compounds makes this difficult to estimate. Immediate observation suggests that most children grow up speaking the language and that it is surviving under pressure from its larger neighbours, Berom and Iten, as well as the vehicular language, Hausa.",bib1020,yes -5013-speakers-1,5013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are probably about three thousand speakers of Fəran, although the scattered nature of their compounds makes this difficult to estimate. Immediate observation suggests that most children grow up speaking the language and that it is surviving under pressure from its larger neighbours, Berom and Iten, as well as the vehicular language, Hausa.",bib1020,yes +5013-context-1,5013,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Berom; Iten; Hausa""}",,,bib1024,yes +5013-location-1,5013,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""...spoken in Kwakwi village in Plateau State, Nigeria [...] Kwakwi is situated west of the main road from Jos to Akwanga, directly after Tahoss on the road leading to Ganawuri. The F\u0259ran divide their settlement into eight distinct wards, but in reality the compounds are extremely scattered and this is a social and political distinction rather than a reflection of nucleated settlements."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.600025, 8.666694]]}",,,bib1024,yes +5013-location-2,5013,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Barakin Ladi LGA, at Kwakwi station, south of Jos""}",,,bib984,no +5013-speaker_number-1,5013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are probably about three thousand speakers of Fəran, although the scattered nature of their compounds makes this difficult to estimate. Immediate observation suggests that most children grow up speaking the language and that it is surviving under pressure from its larger neighbours, Berom and Iten, as well as the vehicular language, Hausa.",bib1024,yes +5013-speakers-1,5013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are probably about three thousand speakers of Fəran, although the scattered nature of their compounds makes this difficult to estimate. Immediate observation suggests that most children grow up speaking the language and that it is surviving under pressure from its larger neighbours, Berom and Iten, as well as the vehicular language, Hausa.",bib1024,yes 5013-speaker_number-2,5013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""less than 1500 (1991)"" -Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib980,no +Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib984,no 5013-speakers-2,5013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""less than 1500 (1991)"" -Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib980,no +Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib984,no 5013-speaker_number-3,5013,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5013-speakers-3,5013,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5013-LEI-1,5013,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1020,yes -5013-transmission-1,5013,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1020,yes -5013-vitality-1,5013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1020,yes -5013-LEI-2,5013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5013-vitality-2,5013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5013-LEI-1,5013,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1024,yes +5013-transmission-1,5013,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1024,yes +5013-vitality-1,5013,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1024,yes +5013-LEI-2,5013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5013-vitality-2,5013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5013-LEI-3,5013,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5013-vitality-3,5013,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5014-context-1,5014,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Hausa is principal second language [...] Language maintenance good in 2007,bib980,yes +5014-context-1,5014,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Hausa is principal second language [...] Language maintenance good in 2007,bib984,yes 5014-location-1,5014,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Niger State, Rafi LGA, Kagara and Maikujeri town areas."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.187268, 6.253431]]}",,,bib67,no -5014-speaker_number-1,5014,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1000 (1949 HDG), 5000 (2007 est.)",bib980,yes -5014-speakers-1,5014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1000 (1949 HDG), 5000 (2007 est.)",bib980,yes +5014-speaker_number-1,5014,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1000 (1949 HDG), 5000 (2007 est.)",bib984,yes +5014-speakers-1,5014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1000 (1949 HDG), 5000 (2007 est.)",bib984,yes 5014-speaker_number-2,5014,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5014-speakers-2,5014,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5014-LEI-1,5014,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -5014-vitality-1,5014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +5014-LEI-1,5014,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +5014-vitality-1,5014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 5014-LEI-2,5014,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5014-vitality-2,5014,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5015-speaker_number-1,5015,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5015-speakers-1,5015,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5015-LEI-1,5015,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5015-vitality-1,5015,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5016-location-1,5016,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,"Plateau State, Jos Division, Rukuba District",bib6944,no -5016-location-2,5016,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Bassa LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.054727, 8.799942]]}",,,bib980,no -5016-speaker_number-1,5016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -5016-speakers-1,5016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -5016-speaker_number-2,5016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,360 (NAT 1950),bib980,no -5016-speakers-2,5016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,360 (NAT 1950),bib980,no +5016-location-1,5016,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""]}",,"Plateau State, Jos Division, Rukuba District",bib6968,no +5016-location-2,5016,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Bassa LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.054727, 8.799942]]}",,,bib984,no +5016-speaker_number-1,5016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +5016-speakers-1,5016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +5016-speaker_number-2,5016,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,360 (NAT 1950),bib984,no +5016-speakers-2,5016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,360 (NAT 1950),bib984,no 5016-speaker_number-3,5016,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5016-speakers-3,5016,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5016-LEI-1,5016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5016-vitality-1,5016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5016-LEI-2,5016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5016-vitality-2,5016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5016-LEI-1,5016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5016-vitality-1,5016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5016-LEI-2,5016,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5016-vitality-2,5016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5016-LEI-3,5016,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5016-vitality-3,5016,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5017-location-1,5017,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna State, Saminaka LGA""}",,,bib980,no +5017-location-1,5017,location,"{""Places"": [""Kaduna State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna State, Saminaka LGA""}",,,bib984,no 5017-speaker_number-1,5017,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5017-speakers-1,5017,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5017-LEI-1,5017,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5017-vitality-1,5017,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5018-location-1,5018,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Darazo LGA. At Kariya Wuro, 30 S.E. of Ningi."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.908788, 9.774494]]}",,,bib980,yes +5018-location-1,5018,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Darazo LGA. At Kariya Wuro, 30 S.E. of Ningi."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.908788, 9.774494]]}",,,bib984,yes 5018-location-2,5018,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Ganjuwa LGA, Kariya village near Miya town.""}",,,bib67,no -5018-speaker_number-1,5018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""2,200 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner)""",bib980,yes -5018-speakers-1,5018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""2,200 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner)""",bib980,yes +5018-speaker_number-1,5018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""2,200 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner)""",bib984,yes +5018-speakers-1,5018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""2,200 (LA 1971); 3,000 (1977 Skinner)""",bib984,yes 5018-speaker_number-2,5018,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 (1995 CAPRO)",bib67,no 5018-speakers-2,5018,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 (1995 CAPRO)",bib67,no -5018-LEI-1,5018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -5018-vitality-1,5018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +5018-LEI-1,5018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +5018-vitality-1,5018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 5018-LEI-2,5018,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5018-vitality-2,5018,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5019-location-1,5019,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau state, Shendam LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.069551, 9.412125]]}",,,bib67,yes @@ -51393,42 +51579,42 @@ Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib980,no 5020-LEI-1,5020,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5020-vitality-1,5020,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5021-context-1,5021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib69,yes -5021-context-2,5021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7615,no +5021-context-2,5021,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7640,no 5021-location-1,5021,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state: Ganjuwa LGA.""}",,,bib69,yes -5021-location-2,5021,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Darazo LGA; 45 km northeast of Bauchi town"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.897368, 10.38335]]}",,,bib980,no +5021-location-2,5021,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Darazo LGA; 45 km northeast of Bauchi town"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.897368, 10.38335]]}",,,bib984,no 5021-speakers-1,5021,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes -5021-speaker_number-2,5021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib980,no -5021-speakers-2,5021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib980,no -5021-speaker_number-3,5021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -5021-speakers-3,5021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no +5021-speaker_number-2,5021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib984,no +5021-speakers-2,5021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib984,no +5021-speaker_number-3,5021,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +5021-speakers-3,5021,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no 5021-LEI-1,5021,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 5021-vitality-1,5021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -5021-LEI-2,5021,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5021-vitality-2,5021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -5021-LEI-3,5021,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5021-vitality-3,5021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5021-LEI-2,5021,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5021-vitality-2,5021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +5021-LEI-3,5021,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5021-vitality-3,5021,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5022-location-1,5022,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Rivers state, Brass LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.74615, 6.651764]]}",,,bib67,yes 5022-speaker_number-1,5022,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5022-speakers-1,5022,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5022-LEI-1,5022,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5022-vitality-1,5022,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5023-context-1,5023,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7615,yes -5023-location-1,5023,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria"", ""Bornu State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Eastern Bauchi/Western Bornu State (North-East)""}",,,bib6944,no -5023-location-2,5023,location,"{""Description"": ""Northeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib7615,yes -5023-speaker_number-1,5023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6944,no -5023-speakers-1,5023,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000-6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6944,no -5023-speaker_number-2,5023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5023-speakers-2,5023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5023-context-1,5023,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib7640,yes +5023-location-1,5023,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria"", ""Bornu State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Eastern Bauchi/Western Bornu State (North-East)""}",,,bib6968,no +5023-location-2,5023,location,"{""Description"": ""Northeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib7640,yes +5023-speaker_number-1,5023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6968,no +5023-speakers-1,5023,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000-6000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6968,no +5023-speaker_number-2,5023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5023-speakers-2,5023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5023-speaker_number-3,5023,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 (1995)",bib67,no 5023-speakers-3,5023,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 (1995)",bib67,no -5023-LEI-1,5023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5023-vitality-1,5023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5023-LEI-2,5023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5023-vitality-2,5023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5023-LEI-1,5023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5023-vitality-1,5023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5023-LEI-2,5023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5023-vitality-2,5023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5023-LEI-3,5023,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5023-vitality-3,5023,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5024-location-1,5024,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Anturu""}",,,bib7838,no -5024-location-2,5024,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Anturu village in Kaduna State, Nigeria... The other towns speaking Kuturmi are given as Goro, Akwana, Igo, Atara and Akama."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.829909, 7.680001]]}",,,bib1026,no +5024-location-1,5024,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Anturu""}",,,bib7863,no +5024-location-2,5024,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Anturu village in Kaduna State, Nigeria... The other towns speaking Kuturmi are given as Goro, Akwana, Igo, Atara and Akama."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.829909, 7.680001]]}",,,bib1030,no 5024-location-3,5024,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna state, Kachia LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.159505, 7.969002]]}",,,bib67,yes 5024-speaker_number-1,5024,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5024-speakers-1,5024,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes @@ -51438,27 +51624,27 @@ Reference cited in Blench (2011): Regnier (1991); Blench (2004)",bib980,no 5025-speakers-1,5025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Taraba state, Karim Lamido LGA, a section of the Widala.",bib67,yes 5025-LEI-1,5025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5025-vitality-1,5025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5026-location-1,5026,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.579561, 8.096494]]}",,,bib7945,no +5026-location-1,5026,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.579561, 8.096494]]}",,,bib7970,no 5026-speaker_number-1,5026,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5026-speakers-1,5026,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5026-LEI-1,5026,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5026-vitality-1,5026,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5027-location-1,5027,location,"{""Description"": ""Taraba State, Sardauna LGA, Kakara town.""}",,,bib981,no -5027-location-2,5027,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.766898, 11.060379]]}",,,bib1785,no -5027-speaker_number-1,5027,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,800 (1952 W&B); 3000 est. Blench and Connell (1999),bib981,no -5027-speakers-1,5027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,800 (1952 W&B); 3000 est. Blench and Connell (1999),bib981,no -5027-speaker_number-2,5027,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1785,no -5027-speakers-2,5027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1785,no +5027-location-1,5027,location,"{""Description"": ""Taraba State, Sardauna LGA, Kakara town.""}",,,bib985,no +5027-location-2,5027,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.766898, 11.060379]]}",,,bib1797,no +5027-speaker_number-1,5027,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,800 (1952 W&B); 3000 est. Blench and Connell (1999),bib985,no +5027-speakers-1,5027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,800 (1952 W&B); 3000 est. Blench and Connell (1999),bib985,no +5027-speaker_number-2,5027,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1797,no +5027-speakers-2,5027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1797,no 5027-speaker_number-3,5027,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Nigeria. Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench and Connell (1999).",bib67,yes 5027-speakers-3,5027,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Nigeria. Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench and Connell (1999).",bib67,yes -5027-LEI-1,5027,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -5027-vitality-1,5027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -5027-LEI-2,5027,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1785,no -5027-vitality-2,5027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1785,no +5027-LEI-1,5027,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +5027-vitality-1,5027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +5027-LEI-2,5027,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1797,no +5027-vitality-2,5027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1797,no 5027-LEI-3,5027,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5027-vitality-3,5027,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5028-speaker_number-1,5028,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1995).,bib67,yes @@ -51483,21 +51669,21 @@ Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench and Connell (1999).",bi 5032-speakers-1,5032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1998).,bib67,yes 5032-LEI-1,5032,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5032-vitality-1,5032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5033-location-1,5033,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5238, 9.72769]]}",,,bib3264,no -5033-location-2,5033,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District.""}",,,bib6944,no -5033-speaker_number-1,5033,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -5033-speakers-1,5033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -5033-speaker_number-2,5033,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -5033-speakers-2,5033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5033-location-1,5033,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5238, 9.72769]]}",,,bib3280,no +5033-location-2,5033,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District.""}",,,bib6968,no +5033-speaker_number-1,5033,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +5033-speakers-1,5033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +5033-speaker_number-2,5033,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +5033-speakers-2,5033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5033-speaker_number-3,5033,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5033-speakers-3,5033,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5033-LEI-1,5033,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5033-vitality-1,5033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5033-LEI-2,5033,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5033-vitality-2,5033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5033-LEI-1,5033,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5033-vitality-1,5033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5033-LEI-2,5033,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5033-vitality-2,5033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5033-LEI-3,5033,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5033-vitality-3,5033,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5034-location-1,5034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Surubu""}",,,bib7838,no +5034-location-1,5034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Surubu""}",,,bib7863,no 5034-location-2,5034,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna state, Saminaka LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.232492, 8.203251]]}",,,bib67,yes 5034-speaker_number-1,5034,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5034-speakers-1,5034,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes @@ -51508,73 +51694,73 @@ Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench and Connell (1999).",bi 5035-speakers-1,5035,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5035-LEI-1,5035,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5035-vitality-1,5035,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5036-location-1,5036,location,"{""Places"": [""Wase Tofa, Kumbur, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Das Wapha\u0330 wird in Wase Tofa und Kumbur, etwa 20 km. \u00f6stlich von Langtang gesprochen... Das Wapha\u0330 ist geographisch dem Tarokoid (Tarok und Baschar) und dem Fulfulde benachbart.""}",,,bib7054,no +5036-location-1,5036,location,"{""Places"": [""Wase Tofa, Kumbur, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Das Wapha\u0330 wird in Wase Tofa und Kumbur, etwa 20 km. \u00f6stlich von Langtang gesprochen... Das Wapha\u0330 ist geographisch dem Tarokoid (Tarok und Baschar) und dem Fulfulde benachbart.""}",,,bib7078,no 5036-location-2,5036,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau state, Shendam, Wase LGA, Wase Tofa village; Langtang LGA, Kumbur village."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.13, 9.923], [9.07, 9.943]]}",,,bib67,yes 5036-speaker_number-1,5036,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5036-speakers-1,5036,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5036-LEI-1,5036,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5036-vitality-1,5036,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -504-context-1,504,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English is used exclusively at school, at home to minimize disadvantage.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jambun English is used as primary medium of communication."", ""Government Support"": ""There are projects for the stabilization of native languages, but nevertheless English remains the sole official language of Australia."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""At Tully State High School there is instruction about the languages but not in them.""}",,,bib7884,yes -504-location-1,504,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.74, 145.742]]}",,,bib1182,no -504-location-2,504,location,"{""Description"": ""North-east of Queensland, south of Cairns, between Innisfail and Ravenshoe""}",,,bib7884,yes +504-context-1,504,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""English is used exclusively at school, at home to minimize disadvantage.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jambun English is used as primary medium of communication."", ""Government Support"": ""There are projects for the stabilization of native languages, but nevertheless English remains the sole official language of Australia."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative"", ""Institutional Support"": ""At Tully State High School there is instruction about the languages but not in them.""}",,,bib7909,yes +504-location-1,504,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.74, 145.742]]}",,,bib1191,no +504-location-2,504,location,"{""Description"": ""North-east of Queensland, south of Cairns, between Innisfail and Ravenshoe""}",,,bib7909,yes 504-speaker_number-1,504,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 504-speakers-1,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -504-speaker_number-2,504,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -504-speakers-2,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -504-speaker_number-3,504,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The predominant part of children have English as a first language.,bib7884,yes -504-speakers-3,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The predominant part of children have English as a first language.,bib7884,yes -504-speaker_number-4,504,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -504-speakers-4,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no +504-speaker_number-2,504,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +504-speakers-2,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +504-speaker_number-3,504,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The predominant part of children have English as a first language.,bib7909,yes +504-speakers-3,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,The predominant part of children have English as a first language.,bib7909,yes +504-speaker_number-4,504,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +504-speakers-4,504,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no 504-LEI-1,504,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 504-vitality-1,504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -504-LEI-2,504,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -504-vitality-2,504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -504-LEI-3,504,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7884,yes -504-transmission-3,504,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7884,yes -504-domains_of_use-3,504,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7884,yes -504-speaker_number_trends-3,504,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7884,yes -504-vitality-3,504,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7884,yes -504-LEI-4,504,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -504-vitality-4,504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -5042-location-1,5042,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kpan are found scattered all over Wukari division and at least two settlements are said to be in Katsina Ala division.""}",,"Their homeland, from which they scattered... can be located at the extreme south-western corner of the North-Eastern State, separated from the rest of the state by the River Donga.",bib6793,no -5042-location-2,5042,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Kente""}",,,bib7838,no +504-LEI-2,504,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +504-vitality-2,504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +504-LEI-3,504,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7909,yes +504-transmission-3,504,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7909,yes +504-domains_of_use-3,504,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7909,yes +504-speaker_number_trends-3,504,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7909,yes +504-vitality-3,504,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Speakers of Dyirbal losing competence, choosing English.",bib7909,yes +504-LEI-4,504,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +504-vitality-4,504,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +5042-location-1,5042,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kpan are found scattered all over Wukari division and at least two settlements are said to be in Katsina Ala division.""}",,"Their homeland, from which they scattered... can be located at the extreme south-western corner of the North-Eastern State, separated from the rest of the state by the River Donga.",bib6817,no +5042-location-2,5042,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Kente""}",,,bib7863,no 5042-location-3,5042,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.58333333333, 10.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5042-speaker_number-1,5042,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,400 (2000)",bib67,yes 5042-speakers-1,5042,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,400 (2000)",bib67,yes 5042-LEI-1,5042,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5042-vitality-1,5042,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5046-context-1,5046,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Jere""}",,"Hausa is the second language of the whole community and the first language of ca. half. Jere is -the other main language known to Zora.",bib981,yes -5046-location-1,5046,location,"{""Places"": [""Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In three settlements close to N10\u00b0 21.7, E 8\u00b0 50.6."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.843688, 10.361742]]}",,,bib981,yes -5046-location-2,5046,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Jos Division, Jere District (northeastern part according to Shimizu 1979, roughly the area between Gambo River and Limoro-Cikobo Forest Reserve).""}",,,bib6944,no -5046-speaker_number-1,5046,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,425 (1936 HDG)... About 3000 ethnic Zora of which ca. 50% have fluent command of the language.,bib981,yes -5046-speakers-1,5046,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""425"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,425 (1936 HDG)... About 3000 ethnic Zora of which ca. 50% have fluent command of the language.,bib981,yes -5046-speaker_number-2,5046,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -5046-speakers-2,5046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""424-425"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no +the other main language known to Zora.",bib985,yes +5046-location-1,5046,location,"{""Places"": [""Bassa LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In three settlements close to N10\u00b0 21.7, E 8\u00b0 50.6."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.843688, 10.361742]]}",,,bib985,yes +5046-location-2,5046,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Plateau State, Jos Division, Jere District (northeastern part according to Shimizu 1979, roughly the area between Gambo River and Limoro-Cikobo Forest Reserve).""}",,,bib6968,no +5046-speaker_number-1,5046,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,425 (1936 HDG)... About 3000 ethnic Zora of which ca. 50% have fluent command of the language.,bib985,yes +5046-speakers-1,5046,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""425"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,425 (1936 HDG)... About 3000 ethnic Zora of which ca. 50% have fluent command of the language.,bib985,yes +5046-speaker_number-2,5046,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +5046-speakers-2,5046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""424-425"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no 5046-speaker_number-3,5046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench (2003).,bib67,no 5046-speakers-3,5046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Blench (2003).,bib67,no -5046-LEI-1,5046,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib981,yes -5046-transmission-1,5046,transmission,2,transmission-2,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib981,yes -5046-speaker_number_trends-1,5046,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib981,yes -5046-vitality-1,5046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib981,yes -5046-LEI-2,5046,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5046-vitality-2,5046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +5046-LEI-1,5046,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib985,yes +5046-transmission-1,5046,transmission,2,transmission-2,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib985,yes +5046-speaker_number_trends-1,5046,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib985,yes +5046-vitality-1,5046,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Highly endangered; not actively spoken by the younger generation.,bib985,yes +5046-LEI-2,5046,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5046-vitality-2,5046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 5046-LEI-3,5046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5046-vitality-3,5046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5047-context-1,5047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib5967,no -5047-context-2,5047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6944,no -5047-location-1,5047,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Les shanga, pour leur part, sont plus circonscrit sur la rive droite du Niger et ne se trouvent qu'au Nig\u00e9ria, dans le canton de Shanga, proche de Yelwa-Yauri."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.213681, 4.579061]]}",,,bib5967,no -5047-location-2,5047,location,"{""Places"": [""Sokoto State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Sokoto State, Shanga district""}",,,bib6944,no +5047-context-1,5047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib5991,no +5047-context-2,5047,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6968,no +5047-location-1,5047,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Les shanga, pour leur part, sont plus circonscrit sur la rive droite du Niger et ne se trouvent qu'au Nig\u00e9ria, dans le canton de Shanga, proche de Yelwa-Yauri."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.213681, 4.579061]]}",,,bib5991,no +5047-location-2,5047,location,"{""Places"": [""Sokoto State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Sokoto State, Shanga district""}",,,bib6968,no 5047-speaker_number-2,5047,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5047-speakers-2,5047,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5047-LEI-1,5047,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5047-vitality-1,5047,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5049-context-1,5049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Somali, Tunni, English (in UK and US)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Whatever the factors responsible for the stabilization of Chimwiini over the past six hundred years, the situation has changed drastically within the past forty years largely due to political maneuverings... By 1972 all government officials were required to speak and write Somali [the national language of Somalia] and it was instituted in all public schools, including the school in Brava. ... [The] most important factor in the endangerment of Chimwiini was the eruption of civil war in Somalia in the early 1990s. ... Those who could leave Brava did so by whatever means possible. ... In just three decades, Chimwiini has gone from having a stable community of speakers to having its speakers scattered across the globe.",bib3462,yes -5049-location-1,5049,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""For centuries, [Chimwiini] has been spoken in the town of Mwiini, better known to outsiders as Brava or Barawa, in southern Somalia, just 200 kilometers south of Mogadishu. ... Most [speakers] fled to Kenya in 1991-92... Today, the largest communities of Bravanese reside in London and Manchester in the UK, Atlanta and Columbus, OH in the US, and in Mombasa. A small community also continues to reside in Brava itself, but their residence there remains precarious."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.934354, 43.560612]]}",,,bib3462,yes -5049-LEI-1,5049,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3462,yes -5049-transmission-1,5049,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3462,yes -5049-vitality-1,5049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3462,yes -5051-location-1,5051,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.226453, 44.650469]]}",,,bib7945,no +5049-context-1,5049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Somali, Tunni, English (in UK and US)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Whatever the factors responsible for the stabilization of Chimwiini over the past six hundred years, the situation has changed drastically within the past forty years largely due to political maneuverings... By 1972 all government officials were required to speak and write Somali [the national language of Somalia] and it was instituted in all public schools, including the school in Brava. ... [The] most important factor in the endangerment of Chimwiini was the eruption of civil war in Somalia in the early 1990s. ... Those who could leave Brava did so by whatever means possible. ... In just three decades, Chimwiini has gone from having a stable community of speakers to having its speakers scattered across the globe.",bib3480,yes +5049-location-1,5049,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""For centuries, [Chimwiini] has been spoken in the town of Mwiini, better known to outsiders as Brava or Barawa, in southern Somalia, just 200 kilometers south of Mogadishu. ... Most [speakers] fled to Kenya in 1991-92... Today, the largest communities of Bravanese reside in London and Manchester in the UK, Atlanta and Columbus, OH in the US, and in Mombasa. A small community also continues to reside in Brava itself, but their residence there remains precarious."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.934354, 43.560612]]}",,,bib3480,yes +5049-LEI-1,5049,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3480,yes +5049-transmission-1,5049,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3480,yes +5049-vitality-1,5049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Speakers under age twenty five often do not know the language well. ... Chimwiini thus must be considered highly endangered and unstable.,bib3480,yes +5051-location-1,5051,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.226453, 44.650469]]}",,,bib7970,no 5051-speaker_number-1,5051,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5051-speakers-1,5051,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5051-LEI-1,5051,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -51583,32 +51769,32 @@ the other main language known to Zora.",bib981,yes 5052-speakers-1,5052,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"23,000 (2006)",bib67,yes 5052-LEI-1,5052,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5052-vitality-1,5052,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5053-location-1,5053,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Somalia"", ""Coordinates"": [[1.112296, 44.027603]]}",,"[The Tunni] occupy the area between the sea and the Shabeelle river and between the Juba river to the SW, up to a point approximately midway between Brava and Merka to the NE. The informants considered the Tunni territory to stretch from Goob Weyn northwards up to Eeriile.",bib7371,no +5053-location-1,5053,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""Southern Somalia"", ""Coordinates"": [[1.112296, 44.027603]]}",,"[The Tunni] occupy the area between the sea and the Shabeelle river and between the Juba river to the SW, up to a point approximately midway between Brava and Merka to the NE. The informants considered the Tunni territory to stretch from Goob Weyn northwards up to Eeriile.",bib7395,no 5053-location-2,5053,location,"{""Places"": [""Somalia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Shabeelle and Middle Jubba regions, Dhiinsoor, Baraawe, and Jilib districts."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.152814, 43.016762], [0.93517, 43.560053], [0.492211, 42.778677]]}",,,bib67,yes -5053-speakers-1,5053,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1931""}",,Population figure is from the 1931 Italian Census.,bib7371,no +5053-speakers-1,5053,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1931""}",,Population figure is from the 1931 Italian Census.,bib7395,no 5053-speaker_number-2,5053,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5053-speakers-2,5053,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5053-LEI-1,5053,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5053-vitality-1,5053,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5054-location-1,5054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0112, 34.2333]]}",,,bib5307,no +5054-location-1,5054,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0112, 34.2333]]}",,,bib5330,no 5054-location-2,5054,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan"", ""India""]}",,,bib67,no -5054-speaker_number-1,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5054-speakers-1,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5054-speaker_number-2,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -5054-speakers-2,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5054-speaker_number-1,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5054-speakers-1,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5054-speaker_number-2,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +5054-speakers-2,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5054-speaker_number-3,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5054-speakers-3,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5054-speaker_number-4,5054,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5054-speakers-4,5054,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -5054-LEI-1,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5054-vitality-1,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5054-LEI-2,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5054-vitality-2,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5054-LEI-1,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5054-vitality-1,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5054-LEI-2,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5054-vitality-2,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5054-LEI-3,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5054-vitality-3,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5054-LEI-4,5054,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5054-vitality-4,5054,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5055-location-1,5055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7436, 24.6423]]}",,,bib5307,no +5055-location-1,5055,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.7436, 24.6423]]}",,,bib5330,no 5055-location-2,5055,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes 5055-speakers-1,5055,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""850"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers.,bib67,yes 5055-LEI-1,5055,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,yes @@ -51620,164 +51806,164 @@ the other main language known to Zora.",bib981,yes 5056-transmission-1,5056,transmission,1,transmission-1,All domains. All ages.,bib67,yes 5056-domains_of_use-1,5056,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,All domains. All ages.,bib67,yes 5056-vitality-1,5056,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All domains. All ages.,bib67,yes -5057-location-1,5057,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,The Tirmaga people live in southwestern Ethiopia... They are agro-pastoralists who live primarily to the west of the Kibbish River and in the southern part of the Tulge valley located between the towns of Jeba and Tum.,bib1322,no +5057-location-1,5057,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,The Tirmaga people live in southwestern Ethiopia... They are agro-pastoralists who live primarily to the west of the Kibbish River and in the southern part of the Tulge valley located between the towns of Jeba and Tum.,bib1331,no 5057-location-2,5057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.75, 35.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5057-location-3,5057,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan"", ""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""Ethiopia: Southwest Kafa region toward Sudan border; west of Mizan Teferi.\"" \""Sudan: South, Boma Plateau near Ethiopia border.""}",,,bib67,no -5057-location-4,5057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4899, 34.3212]]}",,,bib5307,no -5057-speaker_number-1,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1322,no -5057-speakers-1,5057,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10-15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1322,no +5057-location-4,5057,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4899, 34.3212]]}",,,bib5330,no +5057-speaker_number-1,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1331,no +5057-speakers-1,5057,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10-15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10-15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1331,no 5057-speaker_number-2,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"19,600 in Ethiopia (1994 census). 18,640 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 19,632 (1994 census).",bib67,no 5057-speakers-2,5057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"19,600 in Ethiopia (1994 census). 18,640 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 19,632 (1994 census).",bib67,no 5057-speaker_number-3,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib263,yes 5057-speakers-3,5057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib263,yes -5057-speaker_number-4,5057,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5057-speakers-4,5057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5057-speaker_number-4,5057,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5057-speakers-4,5057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5057-speaker_number-5,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,no 5057-speakers-5,5057,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,616"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,622"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,no 5057-speaker_number-6,5057,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5057-speakers-6,5057,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,622"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5057-LEI-1,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1322,no -5057-vitality-1,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1322,no +5057-LEI-1,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1331,no +5057-vitality-1,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1331,no 5057-LEI-2,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5057-vitality-2,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5057-LEI-3,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib263,yes 5057-vitality-3,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib263,yes -5057-LEI-4,5057,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5057-vitality-4,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5057-LEI-4,5057,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5057-vitality-4,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5057-LEI-5,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 5057-vitality-5,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 5057-LEI-6,5057,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5057-vitality-6,5057,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5059-location-1,5059,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Cameroon"", ""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Bali LGA, near confluence of Benue and Taraba Rivers; but mainly in Cameroon and Central African Republic ""}",,,bib980,no +5059-location-1,5059,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Cameroon"", ""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Bali LGA, near confluence of Benue and Taraba Rivers; but mainly in Cameroon and Central African Republic ""}",,,bib984,no 5059-location-2,5059,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.5, 24.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5059-location-3,5059,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan, Central Africa Republic""], ""Description"": ""South, western Bahr el Ghazal Province, Kuru, Deim Zubeir, Raga, Angbanga, Kata, Menangba, Boro, Kafia Kingi. Dongo reportedly in south Darfur Province, Hobbinya District, Wau and Khartoum. Most in Raga and Boro. Also in Central African Republic.""}",,,bib67,yes -5059-speaker_number-1,5059,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (LA 1965),bib980,no -5059-speakers-1,5059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (LA 1965),bib980,no +5059-speaker_number-1,5059,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,200 (LA 1965),bib984,no +5059-speakers-1,5059,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,200 (LA 1965),bib984,no 5059-speaker_number-2,5059,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"16,000 in Sudan.",bib67,yes 5059-speakers-2,5059,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"16,000 in Sudan.",bib67,yes -5059-LEI-1,5059,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5059-vitality-1,5059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5059-LEI-1,5059,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5059-vitality-1,5059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5059-LEI-2,5059,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5059-vitality-2,5059,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5060-context-1,5060,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lopid"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6944,no +5060-context-1,5060,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lopid"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6968,no 5060-location-1,5060,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.41666666667, 32.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5060-location-2,5060,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[The Tennet] home area consists of five villages on the northern tip of the Lopit Mountains, 65 kilometers northeast of the town of Torit."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.91036, 32.641525]]}",,,bib437,yes +5060-location-2,5060,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""[The Tennet] home area consists of five villages on the northern tip of the Lopit Mountains, 65 kilometers northeast of the town of Torit."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.91036, 32.641525]]}",,,bib438,yes 5060-location-3,5060,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""\""South, Equatoria Province, Lopit Hills, northeast of Torit.\"" 5 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -5060-location-4,5060,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8611, 33.2226]]}",,,bib5307,no -5060-location-5,5060,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The home area [of Tennet] consists of four villages on the northern tip of the Lopit mountains, 65 kilometers northeast of the town of Torit in southern Sudan [now South Sudan]... A number of Tennet people have moved to Juba and to Khartoum, where they continue to speak their own language.""}",,,bib6127,no -5060-speaker_number-1,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Numerically Tennet is the smallest member of the Southwest Surmic linguistic family... the population according to Randal (1995:1) is 4,000, but the most generous estimate may reach to 10,000, which covers the migrant groups in Juba, Khartoum, Medeni, Kosti, Port Sudan, Gadarif and other locations.",bib437,yes -5060-speakers-1,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Numerically Tennet is the smallest member of the Southwest Surmic linguistic family... the population according to Randal (1995:1) is 4,000, but the most generous estimate may reach to 10,000, which covers the migrant groups in Juba, Khartoum, Medeni, Kosti, Port Sudan, Gadarif and other locations.",bib437,yes +5060-location-4,5060,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8611, 33.2226]]}",,,bib5330,no +5060-location-5,5060,location,"{""Places"": [""South Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The home area [of Tennet] consists of four villages on the northern tip of the Lopit mountains, 65 kilometers northeast of the town of Torit in southern Sudan [now South Sudan]... A number of Tennet people have moved to Juba and to Khartoum, where they continue to speak their own language.""}",,,bib6151,no +5060-speaker_number-1,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Numerically Tennet is the smallest member of the Southwest Surmic linguistic family... the population according to Randal (1995:1) is 4,000, but the most generous estimate may reach to 10,000, which covers the migrant groups in Juba, Khartoum, Medeni, Kosti, Port Sudan, Gadarif and other locations.",bib438,yes +5060-speakers-1,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Numerically Tennet is the smallest member of the Southwest Surmic linguistic family... the population according to Randal (1995:1) is 4,000, but the most generous estimate may reach to 10,000, which covers the migrant groups in Juba, Khartoum, Medeni, Kosti, Port Sudan, Gadarif and other locations.",bib438,yes 5060-speaker_number-2,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from SIL(1994).,bib67,no 5060-speakers-2,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from SIL(1994).,bib67,no -5060-speaker_number-3,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5060-speakers-3,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5060-speaker_number-3,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5060-speakers-3,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5060-speaker_number-4,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5060-speakers-4,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5060-speaker_number-5,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most generous estimates set the Tennet population at 10,000, but the actual number may be as low as 4,000.",bib6127,no -5060-speakers-5,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most generous estimates set the Tennet population at 10,000, but the actual number may be as low as 4,000.",bib6127,no -5060-LEI-1,5060,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib437,yes -5060-speaker_number_trends-1,5060,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib437,yes -5060-vitality-1,5060,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib437,yes +5060-speaker_number-5,5060,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most generous estimates set the Tennet population at 10,000, but the actual number may be as low as 4,000.",bib6151,no +5060-speakers-5,5060,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most generous estimates set the Tennet population at 10,000, but the actual number may be as low as 4,000.",bib6151,no +5060-LEI-1,5060,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib438,yes +5060-speaker_number_trends-1,5060,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib438,yes +5060-vitality-1,5060,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The Tennet have adopted some aspects of Lopit culture and intermarried with the Lopit, but Tennet is still their primary language.",bib438,yes 5060-LEI-2,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5060-vitality-2,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5060-LEI-3,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5060-vitality-3,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5060-LEI-3,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5060-vitality-3,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5060-LEI-4,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5060-vitality-4,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5060-LEI-5,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6127,no -5060-vitality-5,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6127,no -5060-LEI-6,5060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5060-domains_of_use-6,5060,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6944,no -5060-vitality-6,5060,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no +5060-LEI-5,5060,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6151,no +5060-vitality-5,5060,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6151,no +5060-LEI-6,5060,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5060-domains_of_use-6,5060,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6968,no +5060-vitality-6,5060,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no 5062-speaker_number-1,5062,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5062-speakers-1,5062,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5062-LEI-1,5062,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5062-vitality-1,5062,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5063-context-1,5063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,,bib7615,yes -5063-speaker_number-1,5063,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7615,yes -5063-speakers-1,5063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5063-context-1,5063,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,,bib7640,yes +5063-speaker_number-1,5063,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7640,yes +5063-speakers-1,5063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5063-speaker_number-2,5063,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5063-speakers-2,5063,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5063-LEI-1,5063,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5063-vitality-1,5063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5063-LEI-1,5063,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5063-vitality-1,5063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5063-LEI-2,5063,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5063-vitality-2,5063,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5064-context-1,5064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; Rangi""}",,,bib6944,no +5064-context-1,5064,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; Rangi""}",,,bib6968,no 5064-location-1,5064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.33333333333, 36.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5064-location-2,5064,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,no -5064-location-3,5064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.7297, 35.7769]]}",,,bib5307,no -5064-location-4,5064,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, tarafa (division) Goima, wilaya (district) Kondoa. In kata (subdivision) Goima and kata Chema the majority (two thirds and three quarters, respectively, according to local authorities) is Burunge. In kata Candama and kata Mrijo only a small number is Burunge.""}",,,bib6944,no -5064-location-5,5064,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Province, Tanzania""]}",,,bib7615,yes +5064-location-3,5064,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.7297, 35.7769]]}",,,bib5330,no +5064-location-4,5064,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, tarafa (division) Goima, wilaya (district) Kondoa. In kata (subdivision) Goima and kata Chema the majority (two thirds and three quarters, respectively, according to local authorities) is Burunge. In kata Candama and kata Mrijo only a small number is Burunge.""}",,,bib6968,no +5064-location-5,5064,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Province, Tanzania""]}",,,bib7640,yes 5064-speaker_number-1,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5064-speakers-1,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5064-speaker_number-2,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5064-speakers-2,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5064-speaker_number-2,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5064-speakers-2,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5064-speaker_number-3,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5064-speakers-3,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5064-speaker_number-4,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number is determined from a 1988 census.,bib6944,no -5064-speakers-4,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number is determined from a 1988 census.,bib6944,no -5064-speaker_number-5,5064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,yes -5064-speakers-5,5064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5064-speaker_number-4,5064,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number is determined from a 1988 census.,bib6968,no +5064-speakers-4,5064,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number is determined from a 1988 census.,bib6968,no +5064-speaker_number-5,5064,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,yes +5064-speakers-5,5064,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5064-LEI-1,5064,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5064-vitality-1,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5064-LEI-2,5064,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5064-vitality-2,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5064-LEI-2,5064,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5064-vitality-2,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5064-LEI-3,5064,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5064-vitality-3,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5064-LEI-4,5064,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5064-transmission-4,5064,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6944,no -5064-vitality-4,5064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -5064-LEI-5,5064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5064-vitality-5,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5064-LEI-4,5064,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5064-transmission-4,5064,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6968,no +5064-vitality-4,5064,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +5064-LEI-5,5064,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5064-vitality-5,5064,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5065-context-1,5065,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Chief, kgotla, at the clinic, singing to oneself, church, prayer, children, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, English, Herero, Nambya, Ndebele, Khoesan, Kuhane, Yeyi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used as medium of education in some Zimbabwe primary schools""}",,"Kalanga [Holoholo] is used as a mediium of education for the first several years of school in some parts of Zimbabwe. The Kalanga Bible Translation Project has recently completed the New Testament in Kalanga. Mukani Action Campaign is a group of Kalanga writers who are publishing and selling books in Kalanga."" -""!Goro, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo], Kua, and Nambya being used by all ages of speakers, although none have institutional support.",bib3357,yes -5065-context-2,5065,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 19.8%% in the north, 55.1%% in the south; English: 10%%""}",,"... the Ikalanga South is closer to Francistown, where most speakers are proficient in Setswana due to the cosmopolitan nature of the area.",bib5302,no -5065-location-1,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Northeast, Tutume, Boteti, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.537649, 27.006712], [-20.899871, 24.773741], [-20.513856, 27.811018]]}",,"Kalanga speakers live primarily in the Northeast District and Central District [of Botswana], specifically in Boteti and Tutume Subdistricts and to a lesser extent in Serowe Subdistrict. Kalanga is also spoken in Zimbabwe in the area around Plumtree.",bib3357,yes -5065-location-2,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5302,no -5065-location-3,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""La langue holoholo... est parl\u00e9e dans la r\u00e9gion de Kalemie au Shaba."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.929728, 29.200433]]}",,,bib4022,no +""!Goro, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo], Kua, and Nambya being used by all ages of speakers, although none have institutional support.",bib3374,yes +5065-context-2,5065,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 19.8%% in the north, 55.1%% in the south; English: 10%%""}",,"... the Ikalanga South is closer to Francistown, where most speakers are proficient in Setswana due to the cosmopolitan nature of the area.",bib5325,no +5065-location-1,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Northeast, Tutume, Boteti, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.537649, 27.006712], [-20.899871, 24.773741], [-20.513856, 27.811018]]}",,"Kalanga speakers live primarily in the Northeast District and Central District [of Botswana], specifically in Boteti and Tutume Subdistricts and to a lesser extent in Serowe Subdistrict. Kalanga is also spoken in Zimbabwe in the area around Plumtree.",bib3374,yes +5065-location-2,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5325,no +5065-location-3,5065,location,"{""Places"": [""Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""La langue holoholo... est parl\u00e9e dans la r\u00e9gion de Kalemie au Shaba."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.929728, 29.200433]]}",,,bib4042,no 5065-location-4,5065,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.16666666667, 29.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5065-speaker_number-1,5065,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"~150,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3357,yes -5065-speakers-1,5065,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"~150,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3357,yes +5065-speaker_number-1,5065,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"~150,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3374,yes +5065-speakers-1,5065,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"~150,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3374,yes 5065-speaker_number-2,5065,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5065-speakers-2,5065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 5065-LEI-1,5065,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Over three fourths of… Kalanga [Holoholo] respondents also said that they speak their own languages best."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 5065-transmission-1,5065,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Over three fourths of… Kalanga [Holoholo] respondents also said that they speak their own languages best."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 5065-domains_of_use-1,5065,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Over three fourths of… Kalanga [Holoholo] respondents also said that they speak their own languages best."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 5065-speaker_number_trends-1,5065,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Over three fourths of… Kalanga [Holoholo] respondents also said that they speak their own languages best."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 5065-vitality-1,5065,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Over three fourths of… Kalanga [Holoholo] respondents also said that they speak their own languages best."" -""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3357,yes +""Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga [Holoholo] and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",bib3374,yes 5065-LEI-2,5065,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5065-vitality-2,5065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5066-speaker_number-1,5066,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 5066-speakers-1,5066,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""132,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes 5066-LEI-1,5066,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5066-vitality-1,5066,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5067-context-1,5067,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education"", ""Government"", ""Some leisure activities"", ""Work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; English"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive, but overshadowed by the usefulness of Swahili"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""96%%""}",,"Official attention to the functions of [Ethnic Community Languages] in Tanzania is very occasional, and almost always in reference to their being the basis and sources of national cultural heritage [...] a document that proposes a new language policy in Tanzania refers to [Ethnic Community Languages] as no more than ""sources of culturla expression, historical information, linguistic forms for Kiswahili enrichment and the basis for folkloric performances"" (Batibo 1992: 94) [...] [Ethnic Community Languages in Tanzania enjoy neither official institutional support nor organized private support. [...] The use of [Ekinata] in school is not only officially discouraged but also penalized by scornful remarks from both teachers and peers. [...] The use of [Ekinata and Swahili alternatively] and [Swahili] dominates in such activities and games as playing cards, tombola, football and night discos [...] Negative attitudes towards the use of [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is the unmarked choice is indicated not only by the fact that it is not acknowledged but also by attracting negative judgement exemplified in three different but related ways. Firstly speakers who use [Ekinata] in domains where [Swahili] is expected show apprehension and exercise considerable self sensorship... Secondly, people using [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is expected are discouraged, or reproached... Thirdly, the use of [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is expected is done in a way which tends to relegate [Ekinata] to the past.",bib5108,no -5067-location-1,5067,location,"{""Places"": [""Mara, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of [Ekinata] occupy the sparsely populated village settlements of Mogeta, Ishenyi, Nata and Ikoma... The villages lie on the north western border of Serengeti National Park, about 80 to 120 kilometers east of Lake Victoria port of Musoma, the regional administrative town.""}",,,bib5108,no -5067-location-2,5067,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several villages bordering the Serengeti National Park. The cultural center of the language is widely considered to be the village of Robanda, but a number of other\nvillages (e.g. Bwitengi, Park Nyigoti, and Fort Ikoma) are inhabited nearly entirely of Ikoma speakers as well (Smith et al. 2008). Other villages have combinations of Ikoma and Nata speakers, such as Burunga and Nyichoka. Many Ikoma also live in Mugumu, the capital of the Serengeti District."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.979205, 34.58416]]}",,,bib3516,no -5067-speaker_number-1,5067,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[Ekinata] is a language spoken by about 50,000 people in Serengeti and Bunda districts of Mara Region in northern Tanzania [...] Many people who live in Motukeri village settlements but are not native speakers of [Ekinata] have varying degrees of proficiency in the language. Generally, while those who are 50 years old or above show active knowledge and better proficiency of the language, those below this age, many of whom were born in this area, have passive knowledge and exhibit poor proficiency of the language.",bib5108,no -5067-speakers-1,5067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"[Ekinata] is a language spoken by about 50,000 people in Serengeti and Bunda districts of Mara Region in northern Tanzania [...] Many people who live in Motukeri village settlements but are not native speakers of [Ekinata] have varying degrees of proficiency in the language. Generally, while those who are 50 years old or above show active knowledge and better proficiency of the language, those below this age, many of whom were born in this area, have passive knowledge and exhibit poor proficiency of the language.",bib5108,no -5067-speaker_number-2,5067,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3516,no -5067-speakers-2,5067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3516,no +5067-context-1,5067,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education"", ""Government"", ""Some leisure activities"", ""Work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili; English"", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive, but overshadowed by the usefulness of Swahili"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""96%%""}",,"Official attention to the functions of [Ethnic Community Languages] in Tanzania is very occasional, and almost always in reference to their being the basis and sources of national cultural heritage [...] a document that proposes a new language policy in Tanzania refers to [Ethnic Community Languages] as no more than ""sources of culturla expression, historical information, linguistic forms for Kiswahili enrichment and the basis for folkloric performances"" (Batibo 1992: 94) [...] [Ethnic Community Languages in Tanzania enjoy neither official institutional support nor organized private support. [...] The use of [Ekinata] in school is not only officially discouraged but also penalized by scornful remarks from both teachers and peers. [...] The use of [Ekinata and Swahili alternatively] and [Swahili] dominates in such activities and games as playing cards, tombola, football and night discos [...] Negative attitudes towards the use of [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is the unmarked choice is indicated not only by the fact that it is not acknowledged but also by attracting negative judgement exemplified in three different but related ways. Firstly speakers who use [Ekinata] in domains where [Swahili] is expected show apprehension and exercise considerable self sensorship... Secondly, people using [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is expected are discouraged, or reproached... Thirdly, the use of [Ekinata] in domains in which [Swahili] is expected is done in a way which tends to relegate [Ekinata] to the past.",bib5130,no +5067-location-1,5067,location,"{""Places"": [""Mara, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The speakers of [Ekinata] occupy the sparsely populated village settlements of Mogeta, Ishenyi, Nata and Ikoma... The villages lie on the north western border of Serengeti National Park, about 80 to 120 kilometers east of Lake Victoria port of Musoma, the regional administrative town.""}",,,bib5130,no +5067-location-2,5067,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several villages bordering the Serengeti National Park. The cultural center of the language is widely considered to be the village of Robanda, but a number of other\nvillages (e.g. Bwitengi, Park Nyigoti, and Fort Ikoma) are inhabited nearly entirely of Ikoma speakers as well (Smith et al. 2008). Other villages have combinations of Ikoma and Nata speakers, such as Burunga and Nyichoka. Many Ikoma also live in Mugumu, the capital of the Serengeti District."", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.979205, 34.58416]]}",,,bib3534,no +5067-speaker_number-1,5067,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[Ekinata] is a language spoken by about 50,000 people in Serengeti and Bunda districts of Mara Region in northern Tanzania [...] Many people who live in Motukeri village settlements but are not native speakers of [Ekinata] have varying degrees of proficiency in the language. Generally, while those who are 50 years old or above show active knowledge and better proficiency of the language, those below this age, many of whom were born in this area, have passive knowledge and exhibit poor proficiency of the language.",bib5130,no +5067-speakers-1,5067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"[Ekinata] is a language spoken by about 50,000 people in Serengeti and Bunda districts of Mara Region in northern Tanzania [...] Many people who live in Motukeri village settlements but are not native speakers of [Ekinata] have varying degrees of proficiency in the language. Generally, while those who are 50 years old or above show active knowledge and better proficiency of the language, those below this age, many of whom were born in this area, have passive knowledge and exhibit poor proficiency of the language.",bib5130,no +5067-speaker_number-2,5067,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3534,no +5067-speakers-2,5067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3534,no 5067-speaker_number-3,5067,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5067-speakers-3,5067,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -5067-LEI-1,5067,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5108,no -5067-transmission-1,5067,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5108,no -5067-domains_of_use-1,5067,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5108,no -5067-speaker_number_trends-1,5067,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5108,no -5067-vitality-1,5067,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5108,no -5067-LEI-2,5067,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3516,no -5067-vitality-2,5067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3516,no +5067-LEI-1,5067,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5130,no +5067-transmission-1,5067,transmission,0,transmission-0,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5130,no +5067-domains_of_use-1,5067,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5130,no +5067-speaker_number_trends-1,5067,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5130,no +5067-vitality-1,5067,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"There is a general tendency among the youngest members of the family (25 years and below) to speak [Ekinata] predominantly with the older members. To the eldest generation, normally the grandparent generation, with whom they have a relatively relaxed relationship, they sometimes (but not very often) use both languages, especially when speaking about school and plays... But to the parent generation with whom they have a relatively strict relationship they tend to use more [Ekinata] than both languages.",bib5130,no +5067-LEI-2,5067,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3534,no +5067-vitality-2,5067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3534,no 5067-LEI-3,5067,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5067-vitality-3,5067,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5068-speaker_number-1,5068,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes @@ -51788,177 +51974,177 @@ the other main language known to Zora.",bib981,yes 5069-speakers-1,5069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2005).,bib67,yes 5069-LEI-1,5069,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5069-vitality-1,5069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -507-context-2,507,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is increasing interest in language learning, including regular video conference session and summer camps."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib5860,yes +507-context-2,507,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""There is increasing interest in language learning, including regular video conference session and summer camps."", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,,bib5884,yes 507-location-1,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib119,no -507-location-2,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib4331,no -507-location-3,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the 19th century along the south-central Alaska coast from Yakutat to the Copper River.""}",,,bib5309,no -507-location-4,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib5217,no -507-location-5,507,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Description"": ""Eyak territory extents from Cordova and the Copper River Delta along the Gulf of Alaska coast to Yakutat Bay."", ""Coordinates"": [[60.526294, -145.6351157]]}",,,bib4327,no +507-location-2,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib4352,no +507-location-3,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the 19th century along the south-central Alaska coast from Yakutat to the Copper River.""}",,,bib5332,no +507-location-4,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska""}",,,bib5240,no +507-location-5,507,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, USA""], ""Description"": ""Eyak territory extents from Cordova and the Copper River Delta along the Gulf of Alaska coast to Yakutat Bay."", ""Coordinates"": [[60.526294, -145.6351157]]}",,,bib4348,no 507-location-6,507,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Copper river mouth.""}",,,bib69,no 507-speakers-1,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Marie Smith Jones, last native speaker, passed away in 2008. No known L1 speakers.",bib119,no -507-speaker_number-2,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4331,no -507-speakers-2,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4331,no -507-speaker_number-3,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5309,no -507-speakers-3,507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5309,no -507-speaker_number-4,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -507-speakers-4,507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5217,no -507-speaker_number-5,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""Marie Smith Jones (née Stevens) was the youngest Eyak speaker and is now, age 88, the last speaker of Eyak."" In 1961 there were 6 speakers of Eyak: Anna Nelson Harry, George Johnson, Lena Saska Naktan, Marie Smith Jones, Sophie Borodin, and Mike Sewak.",bib4327,no -507-speakers-5,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""Marie Smith Jones (née Stevens) was the youngest Eyak speaker and is now, age 88, the last speaker of Eyak."" In 1961 there were 6 speakers of Eyak: Anna Nelson Harry, George Johnson, Lena Saska Naktan, Marie Smith Jones, Sophie Borodin, and Mike Sewak.",bib4327,no +507-speaker_number-2,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4352,no +507-speakers-2,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4352,no +507-speaker_number-3,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5332,no +507-speakers-3,507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5332,no +507-speaker_number-4,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +507-speakers-4,507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5240,no +507-speaker_number-5,507,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""Marie Smith Jones (née Stevens) was the youngest Eyak speaker and is now, age 88, the last speaker of Eyak."" In 1961 there were 6 speakers of Eyak: Anna Nelson Harry, George Johnson, Lena Saska Naktan, Marie Smith Jones, Sophie Borodin, and Mike Sewak.",bib4348,no +507-speakers-5,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""Marie Smith Jones (née Stevens) was the youngest Eyak speaker and is now, age 88, the last speaker of Eyak."" In 1961 there were 6 speakers of Eyak: Anna Nelson Harry, George Johnson, Lena Saska Naktan, Marie Smith Jones, Sophie Borodin, and Mike Sewak.",bib4348,no 507-speakers-6,507,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Last speaker died in January 2008. ""Ethnic population: 50 (1995 M. Krauss).",bib69,no -507-speakers-7,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Eyak was the first of Alaska’s endangered languages to lose its last native speaker. Now, Eyak is about to become the first 'extinct' language in Alaska to come back to life.",bib5860,yes +507-speakers-7,507,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Eyak was the first of Alaska’s endangered languages to lose its last native speaker. Now, Eyak is about to become the first 'extinct' language in Alaska to come back to life.",bib5884,yes 507-LEI-1,507,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib119,no 507-vitality-1,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib119,no -507-LEI-2,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4331,no -507-transmission-2,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4331,no -507-vitality-2,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4331,no -507-LEI-3,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -507-transmission-3,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -507-domains_of_use-3,507,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -507-speaker_number_trends-3,507,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -507-vitality-3,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -507-LEI-4,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -507-vitality-4,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -507-LEI-5,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4327,no -507-transmission-5,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4327,no -507-domains_of_use-5,507,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4327,no -507-speaker_number_trends-5,507,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4327,no -507-vitality-5,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4327,no +507-LEI-2,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4352,no +507-transmission-2,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4352,no +507-vitality-2,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4352,no +507-LEI-3,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +507-transmission-3,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +507-domains_of_use-3,507,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +507-speaker_number_trends-3,507,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +507-vitality-3,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +507-LEI-4,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +507-vitality-4,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +507-LEI-5,507,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4348,no +507-transmission-5,507,transmission,5,transmission-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4348,no +507-domains_of_use-5,507,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4348,no +507-speaker_number_trends-5,507,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4348,no +507-vitality-5,507,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Only one remaining speaker.,bib4348,no 507-LEI-6,507,LEI,Awakening (),,Eyak is being taught in Cordova (2014).,bib69,no 507-vitality-6,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Eyak is being taught in Cordova (2014).,bib69,no -507-LEI-7,507,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5860,yes -507-vitality-7,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5860,yes +507-LEI-7,507,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5884,yes +507-vitality-7,507,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5884,yes 5070-location-1,5070,location,"{""Places"": [""Mozambique, Tanzania""], ""Coordinates"": [[-10.614748, 40.382975]]}",,,bib67,yes 5070-speaker_number-1,5070,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 22,000 speakers in Mozambique (2003).",bib67,yes 5070-speakers-1,5070,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 22,000 speakers in Mozambique (2003).",bib67,yes 5070-LEI-1,5070,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5070-vitality-1,5070,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5071-context-1,5071,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Digo; Swahili""}",,,bib6944,no -5071-location-1,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Tanzania""]}",,The Segeju-speaking community lives along the coast and the immediate hinterland from a point in southern Kenya near Vanga to a point in northern Tanzania slightly north of Tanga.,bib5584,no +5071-context-1,5071,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Digo; Swahili""}",,,bib6968,no +5071-location-1,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Kenya, Tanzania""]}",,The Segeju-speaking community lives along the coast and the immediate hinterland from a point in southern Kenya near Vanga to a point in northern Tanzania slightly north of Tanga.,bib5608,no 5071-location-2,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,yes -5071-location-3,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""We are not clear exactly where Segeju is spoken but most likely on the Tanzanian coast between the border and Tanga Town.""}",,,bib5580,no -5071-location-4,5071,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8173, 39.0783]]}",,,bib5307,no -5071-location-5,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""There are no Kisegeju-speakers left in Kenya today... There might still be some speakers of Kisegeju in Tanzania.""}",,,bib6944,no +5071-location-3,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""We are not clear exactly where Segeju is spoken but most likely on the Tanzanian coast between the border and Tanga Town.""}",,,bib5604,no +5071-location-4,5071,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.8173, 39.0783]]}",,,bib5330,no +5071-location-5,5071,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""There are no Kisegeju-speakers left in Kenya today... There might still be some speakers of Kisegeju in Tanzania.""}",,,bib6968,no 5071-speaker_number-1,5071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5071-speakers-1,5071,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5071-speaker_number-3,5071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5071-speakers-3,5071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5071-speaker_number-3,5071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5071-speakers-3,5071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5071-speaker_number-4,5071,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5071-speakers-4,5071,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5071-speakers-5,5071,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18688"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Some in Tanzania""}",,"No speakers in Kenya... In the Tanzania Census of 1969 there were 18,688 people recorded who called themselves Wasegeju. The number of those ethnic Wasgeju is probably smaller in Kenya.",bib6944,no +5071-speakers-5,5071,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18688"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Some in Tanzania""}",,"No speakers in Kenya... In the Tanzania Census of 1969 there were 18,688 people recorded who called themselves Wasegeju. The number of those ethnic Wasgeju is probably smaller in Kenya.",bib6968,no 5071-LEI-1,5071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes 5071-vitality-1,5071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,yes -5071-LEI-2,5071,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5580,no -5071-transmission-2,5071,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5580,no -5071-vitality-2,5071,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5580,no -5071-LEI-3,5071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5071-vitality-3,5071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5071-LEI-2,5071,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5604,no +5071-transmission-2,5071,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5604,no +5071-vitality-2,5071,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5604,no +5071-LEI-3,5071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5071-vitality-3,5071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5071-LEI-4,5071,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5071-vitality-4,5071,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5072-location-1,5072,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Rukwa District"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.539103, 31.035948]]}",,,bib8005,no -5072-speaker_number-1,5072,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8005,no -5072-speakers-1,5072,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,592"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8005,no +5072-location-1,5072,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Rukwa District"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.539103, 31.035948]]}",,,bib8030,no +5072-speaker_number-1,5072,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8030,no +5072-speakers-1,5072,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,592"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8030,no 5072-speaker_number-2,5072,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5072-speakers-2,5072,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -5072-LEI-1,5072,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8005,no -5072-vitality-1,5072,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8005,no +5072-LEI-1,5072,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8030,no +5072-vitality-1,5072,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8030,no 5072-LEI-2,5072,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5072-vitality-2,5072,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5073-context-1,5073,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,Somewhat bilingual in Swahili,bib3074,no +5073-context-1,5073,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,Somewhat bilingual in Swahili,bib3088,no 5073-context-2,5073,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,Also use some Swahili [swh].,bib67,yes -5073-location-1,5073,location,"{""Places"": [""Kigoma, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""10,000 speakers in Tanzania, Kigoma region, Kigoma district, around and west of Uvinza; also west of the Nyamwezi, north of the Tongwe."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.102229, 30.391432]]}",,,bib3074,no +5073-location-1,5073,location,"{""Places"": [""Kigoma, Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""10,000 speakers in Tanzania, Kigoma region, Kigoma district, around and west of Uvinza; also west of the Nyamwezi, north of the Tongwe."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.102229, 30.391432]]}",,,bib3088,no 5073-location-2,5073,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Kigoma region, Kigoma Rural District, Uvinza town area west. West of Nyamwezi [nym], north of Tongwe [tny]."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.104751, 30.380409]]}",,,bib67,yes -5073-speaker_number-1,5073,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3074,no -5073-speakers-1,5073,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3074,no +5073-speaker_number-1,5073,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3088,no +5073-speakers-1,5073,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3088,no 5073-speaker_number-2,5073,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5073-speakers-2,5073,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -5073-LEI-1,5073,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3074,no -5073-vitality-1,5073,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3074,no +5073-LEI-1,5073,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3088,no +5073-vitality-1,5073,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3088,no 5073-LEI-2,5073,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5073-vitality-2,5073,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5076-context-1,5076,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Swahili, the national language, used in government, trade, education, hospitals, churches""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""At least half""}",,"At least half [of Wanda people speak Swahili] as education is in Swahili but their Swahili is limited, pre-school children and older people (60 and above) don’t speak it. Wanda is used as long as there are no non-Wanda speakers around. We have been told that even people from other tribes who start living among the Wanda will learn it and use it.",bib5212,yes +5076-context-1,5076,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Swahili, the national language, used in government, trade, education, hospitals, churches""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""At least half""}",,"At least half [of Wanda people speak Swahili] as education is in Swahili but their Swahili is limited, pre-school children and older people (60 and above) don’t speak it. Wanda is used as long as there are no non-Wanda speakers around. We have been told that even people from other tribes who start living among the Wanda will learn it and use it.",bib5235,yes 5076-context-2,5076,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most also use some Swahili [swh].,bib67,no -5076-location-1,5076,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council, Mbeya Region and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District, Rukwa Region, Southwest Tanzania."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.31283, 32.297955], [-7.974207, 31.620381]]}",,,bib5212,yes -5076-location-2,5076,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""[The Wanda people's] traditional territory borders the south-west shore of Lake Rukwa.""}",,,bib7151,no +5076-location-1,5076,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council, Mbeya Region and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District, Rukwa Region, Southwest Tanzania."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.31283, 32.297955], [-7.974207, 31.620381]]}",,,bib5235,yes +5076-location-2,5076,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""[The Wanda people's] traditional territory borders the south-west shore of Lake Rukwa.""}",,,bib7175,no 5076-location-3,5076,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Mbeya region, Mbozi District; Rukwa region, Sumbawanga Rural District."", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.966843, 31.614777]]}",,,bib67,no -5076-speaker_number-1,5076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[Number of native speakers] is hard to say as this is not counted in the census in Tanzania. However, according to the Wanda themselves, they live in Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council (it’s also the heartland) and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District. The 2012 cencus counted 17 055 people in Kamsamba ward and 25 755 people in Kipeta ward.",bib5212,yes -5076-speakers-1,5076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<42,810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Not many""}",,"[Number of native speakers] is hard to say as this is not counted in the census in Tanzania. However, according to the Wanda themselves, they live in Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council (it’s also the heartland) and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District. The 2012 cencus counted 17 055 people in Kamsamba ward and 25 755 people in Kipeta ward.",bib5212,yes -5076-speaker_number-2,5076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Very little has been written about the Wanda people and their language, iciwanda.",bib7151,no -5076-speakers-2,5076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Very little has been written about the Wanda people and their language, iciwanda.",bib7151,no +5076-speaker_number-1,5076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[Number of native speakers] is hard to say as this is not counted in the census in Tanzania. However, according to the Wanda themselves, they live in Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council (it’s also the heartland) and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District. The 2012 cencus counted 17 055 people in Kamsamba ward and 25 755 people in Kipeta ward.",bib5235,yes +5076-speakers-1,5076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<42,810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Not many""}",,"[Number of native speakers] is hard to say as this is not counted in the census in Tanzania. However, according to the Wanda themselves, they live in Kamsamba ward in Momba District Council (it’s also the heartland) and Kipeta ward in Sumbawanga District. The 2012 cencus counted 17 055 people in Kamsamba ward and 25 755 people in Kipeta ward.",bib5235,yes +5076-speaker_number-2,5076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Very little has been written about the Wanda people and their language, iciwanda.",bib7175,no +5076-speakers-2,5076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Very little has been written about the Wanda people and their language, iciwanda.",bib7175,no 5076-speaker_number-3,5076,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5076-speakers-3,5076,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5076-LEI-1,5076,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5212,yes -5076-transmission-1,5076,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5212,yes -5076-domains_of_use-1,5076,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5212,yes -5076-speaker_number_trends-1,5076,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5212,yes -5076-vitality-1,5076,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5212,yes -5076-LEI-2,5076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7151,no -5076-vitality-2,5076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7151,no +5076-LEI-1,5076,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5235,yes +5076-transmission-1,5076,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5235,yes +5076-domains_of_use-1,5076,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5235,yes +5076-speaker_number_trends-1,5076,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5235,yes +5076-vitality-1,5076,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Education and literacy are not available, but not for the Wanda not wanting it; it's the law in Tanzania that all official business and education is either in Swahili or English. ",bib5235,yes +5076-LEI-2,5076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7175,no +5076-vitality-2,5076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7175,no 5076-LEI-3,5076,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5076-vitality-3,5076,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5077-location-1,5077,location,"{""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'Atacora, dans les districts de : \n Copargo, dans les villages de : Parukute, fungo, s\u025btra, kubenebene, kush\u00e3ti et anadana (centre) (co,,une rurale de Anadana).\n Kouand\u00e9 dans les villages de sas\u0254\u0303 et de w\u025bm (commune de Cabi-kuma).""}",,,bib8225,no +5077-location-1,5077,location,"{""Description"": ""Il est parl\u00e9 dans la province de l'Atacora, dans les districts de : \n Copargo, dans les villages de : Parukute, fungo, s\u025btra, kubenebene, kush\u00e3ti et anadana (centre) (co,,une rurale de Anadana).\n Kouand\u00e9 dans les villages de sas\u0254\u0303 et de w\u025bm (commune de Cabi-kuma).""}",,,bib8250,no 5077-speaker_number-1,5077,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 in Benin (1991).",bib67,yes 5077-speakers-1,5077,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 in Benin (1991).",bib67,yes 5077-LEI-1,5077,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5077-vitality-1,5077,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5078-context-1,5078,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market (Ewe, Tem and If\u00e8), church activities (Ewe), mosque (Arabic), school (French)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe, Gen, Kpelen, Tem, Arabic, French (official)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The official language of Togo for government and education is French. Ewe is used in Togolese churches, while Arabic and Tem (Kotokoli) are used in the mosques in the Kpési area... Primary education is in French and the usage of French is strictly enforced on the playground during -recess.. the language of choice is always Kpési except when external pressure (such as in school) or necessity (as in speaking with non-Kpési speakers) is present... Kpési is also used for all formal functions, according to the Kpessi village elders, including announcements, transition rites, family judgments, village judgments, councils of the elders and regional meetings of the traditional council...Young people... were proud of their language. The Kpessi village elders considered the local youth to speak Kpési correctly and they expected the next generation still to speak Kpési, albeit with some words from surrounding languages mixed into their Kpési. ",bib3478,yes -5078-location-1,5078,location,"{""Places"": [""Togo""], ""Description"": ""The Kp\u00e9si are located in central Togo, in the Pr\u00e9fectures de l\u2019Est-Mono and de Blitta. In the Pr\u00e9fecture de l\u2019Est-Mono, the Kp\u00e9si communities can be found in the cantons of Kpessi and Nyamassila. In the Pr\u00e9fecture de Blitta, the Kp\u00e9si are located in the area surrounding Langabou. Some Kp\u00e9si also live on small towns in these regions and some in the larger towns of Atakpam\u00e9 and Elavagnon."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.987795, 1.191023], [8.122877, 1.133811]]}",,The Kpési speech variety belongs to the Gbe language continuum (Kwa language group) which is situated in the southeastern part of West Africa.,bib3478,yes +recess.. the language of choice is always Kpési except when external pressure (such as in school) or necessity (as in speaking with non-Kpési speakers) is present... Kpési is also used for all formal functions, according to the Kpessi village elders, including announcements, transition rites, family judgments, village judgments, councils of the elders and regional meetings of the traditional council...Young people... were proud of their language. The Kpessi village elders considered the local youth to speak Kpési correctly and they expected the next generation still to speak Kpési, albeit with some words from surrounding languages mixed into their Kpési. ",bib3496,yes +5078-location-1,5078,location,"{""Places"": [""Togo""], ""Description"": ""The Kp\u00e9si are located in central Togo, in the Pr\u00e9fectures de l\u2019Est-Mono and de Blitta. In the Pr\u00e9fecture de l\u2019Est-Mono, the Kp\u00e9si communities can be found in the cantons of Kpessi and Nyamassila. In the Pr\u00e9fecture de Blitta, the Kp\u00e9si are located in the area surrounding Langabou. Some Kp\u00e9si also live on small towns in these regions and some in the larger towns of Atakpam\u00e9 and Elavagnon."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.987795, 1.191023], [8.122877, 1.133811]]}",,The Kpési speech variety belongs to the Gbe language continuum (Kwa language group) which is situated in the southeastern part of West Africa.,bib3496,yes 5078-location-2,5078,location,"{""Places"": [""Togo""], ""Description"": ""Central Togo, East Mono Prefecture, Kpessi and Nyamassila cantons; Blitta Prefecture, Langabou Canton.""}",,,bib67,no -5078-speaker_number-1,5078,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The national census taken in 1981 in Togo reported a total Kpési population of 2,358. Vanderaa (1991)reported that the Kpési population was 3,100... None of the Kpési villages appear to be isolated from contact with other ethnic groups... According to the Kpessi village elders, the population of all Kpési villages includes first language (L1) speakers of other languages.",bib3478,yes -5078-speakers-1,5078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,358-3,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The national census taken in 1981 in Togo reported a total Kpési population of 2,358. Vanderaa (1991)reported that the Kpési population was 3,100... None of the Kpési villages appear to be isolated from contact with other ethnic groups... According to the Kpessi village elders, the population of all Kpési villages includes first language (L1) speakers of other languages.",bib3478,yes +5078-speaker_number-1,5078,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The national census taken in 1981 in Togo reported a total Kpési population of 2,358. Vanderaa (1991)reported that the Kpési population was 3,100... None of the Kpési villages appear to be isolated from contact with other ethnic groups... According to the Kpessi village elders, the population of all Kpési villages includes first language (L1) speakers of other languages.",bib3496,yes +5078-speakers-1,5078,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,358-3,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The national census taken in 1981 in Togo reported a total Kpési population of 2,358. Vanderaa (1991)reported that the Kpési population was 3,100... None of the Kpési villages appear to be isolated from contact with other ethnic groups... According to the Kpessi village elders, the population of all Kpési villages includes first language (L1) speakers of other languages.",bib3496,yes 5078-speaker_number-2,5078,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 4,000.",bib67,no 5078-speakers-2,5078,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 (2002 SIL). Ethnic population: 4,000.",bib67,no -5078-LEI-1,5078,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3478,yes -5078-transmission-1,5078,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3478,yes -5078-domains_of_use-1,5078,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3478,yes -5078-speaker_number_trends-1,5078,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3478,yes -5078-vitality-1,5078,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3478,yes +5078-LEI-1,5078,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3496,yes +5078-transmission-1,5078,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3496,yes +5078-domains_of_use-1,5078,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3496,yes +5078-speaker_number_trends-1,5078,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3496,yes +5078-vitality-1,5078,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Kpési is learned as an L1 by all Kpési people living in the traditional language area... Kpési is the preferred language of the Kpési people and there are no indications of occurring or impending language shift. Attitudes towards Kpési also seemed positive: young people expressed pride in their language, and elders discouraged the use of other languages (apart from French). Young people had a better command of Ewe than the older people, but this did not seem to influence their use of Kpési as the language of choice. Likewise, the popularity of the Ewe literacy program in the village Kpési does not indicate a possible shift... interviewees expressed interest in Kpési language development and in becoming literate in it. However, no informant was aware of any written materials currently available in Kpési.",bib3496,yes 5078-LEI-2,5078,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5078-vitality-2,5078,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5079-context-1,5079,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe""}",,The Kwa language Ewe is becoming more and more of a first language for the Igo people.,bib7615,no +5079-context-1,5079,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe""}",,The Kwa language Ewe is becoming more and more of a first language for the Igo people.,bib7640,no 5079-context-2,5079,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Ewe, Ikposo, Lelemi, Sekpele, Akan, Tem""}",,"Vigorous. All domains. Also use French or Éwé [ewe]. Some also speak Ikposo [kpo], Lelemi [lef], Sekpele [lip], Akan [aka], or Tem [kdh].",bib67,yes -5079-location-1,5079,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwest Togo""]}",,,bib7935,no +5079-location-1,5079,location,"{""Places"": [""Southwest Togo""]}",,,bib7960,no 5079-location-2,5079,location,"{""Places"": [""Togo""], ""Description"": ""Plateau region, Apeyeme Prefecture, Bogo-Ahlon Canton, Sassanou village area."", ""Coordinates"": [[7.2, 0.7]]}",,,bib67,yes -5079-speakers-1,5079,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-3000""}",,,bib7935,no -5079-speaker_number-2,5079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -5079-speakers-2,5079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no +5079-speakers-1,5079,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-3000""}",,,bib7960,no +5079-speaker_number-2,5079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +5079-speakers-2,5079,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no 5079-speaker_number-3,5079,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 (1995 H. Massanvi Gblem). No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 6,000",bib67,yes 5079-speakers-3,5079,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 (1995 H. Massanvi Gblem). No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 6,000",bib67,yes -5079-LEI-1,5079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5079-vitality-1,5079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5079-LEI-1,5079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5079-vitality-1,5079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5079-LEI-2,5079,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5079-vitality-2,5079,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5080-speaker_number-1,5080,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5080-speakers-1,5080,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5080-LEI-1,5080,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5080-vitality-1,5080,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5081-context-1,5081,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pokot; Karimojong"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All of the So speakers have Karimojong at least as a second language.,bib6944,no -5081-context-2,5081,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Karimojong; P\u00e4koot""}",,Younger people speak the Nilotic (Nilo-Saharan) language Karimojong as a primary language; in the Kadam area the Nilotic language Päkoot plays an important role.,bib7615,yes +5081-context-1,5081,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pokot; Karimojong"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All of the So speakers have Karimojong at least as a second language.,bib6968,no +5081-context-2,5081,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Karimojong; P\u00e4koot""}",,Younger people speak the Nilotic (Nilo-Saharan) language Karimojong as a primary language; in the Kadam area the Nilotic language Päkoot plays an important role.,bib7640,yes 5081-location-1,5081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.58333333333, 34.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5081-location-2,5081,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""], ""Description"": ""East, Moroto District, Moroto, Napak, and Kadam mountains border.""}",,,bib67,no -5081-location-3,5081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.161, 34.5986]]}",,,bib5307,no +5081-location-3,5081,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.161, 34.5986]]}",,,bib5330,no 5081-speaker_number-1,5081,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data is from Ladefoged, Glick and Criper(1972). Ethnic population data is from a 2002 census.",bib67,no 5081-speakers-1,5081,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,534"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data is from Ladefoged, Glick and Criper(1972). Ethnic population data is from a 2002 census.",bib67,no -5081-speaker_number-2,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5081-speakers-2,5081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5081-speaker_number-2,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5081-speakers-2,5081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5081-speaker_number-3,5081,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5081-speakers-3,5081,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5081-speaker_number-4,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -5081-speakers-4,5081,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -5081-speaker_number-5,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most Soo speakers are over fifty.,bib7615,yes -5081-speakers-5,5081,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most Soo speakers are over fifty.,bib7615,yes +5081-speaker_number-4,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +5081-speakers-4,5081,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +5081-speaker_number-5,5081,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Most Soo speakers are over fifty.,bib7640,yes +5081-speakers-5,5081,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Most Soo speakers are over fifty.,bib7640,yes 5081-LEI-1,5081,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5081-vitality-1,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5081-LEI-2,5081,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5081-vitality-2,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5081-LEI-2,5081,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5081-vitality-2,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5081-LEI-3,5081,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5081-vitality-3,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5081-LEI-4,5081,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5081-vitality-4,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5081-LEI-5,5081,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5081-transmission-5,5081,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7615,yes -5081-vitality-5,5081,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes +5081-LEI-4,5081,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5081-vitality-4,5081,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5081-LEI-5,5081,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5081-transmission-5,5081,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7640,yes +5081-vitality-5,5081,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes 5082-location-1,5082,location,"{""Places"": [""Angola"", ""Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Kwando (Cuando) River area"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.596249, 23.376451], [-17.56352, 23.362032]]}",,,bib67,yes 5082-speaker_number-1,5082,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"17,100 in Angola (2000). 5,100 in Zambia (2006).",bib67,yes 5082-speakers-1,5082,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"17,100 in Angola (2000). 5,100 in Zambia (2006).",bib67,yes @@ -51968,58 +52154,58 @@ recess.. the language of choice is always Kpési except when external pressure ( 5083-speakers-1,5083,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,430"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 5083-LEI-1,5083,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5083-vitality-1,5083,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5087-context-1,5087,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cuyunon; Tagalog"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed attitudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"In Kemdeng and Maulid, Tagbanwas have preferred the Cuyunon language to Tagbanwa for years. [...] It also appeared to be true for Baong and Alacalian.",bib6571,yes -5087-location-1,5087,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Central Tagbanwa people are indigenous inhabitants of northern Palawan Province of the Philippines."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.76, 119.333]]}",,,bib6571,yes -5087-location-2,5087,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.1766, -98.0527]]}",,,bib5307,no +5087-context-1,5087,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cuyunon; Tagalog"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed attitudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"In Kemdeng and Maulid, Tagbanwas have preferred the Cuyunon language to Tagbanwa for years. [...] It also appeared to be true for Baong and Alacalian.",bib6595,yes +5087-location-1,5087,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The Central Tagbanwa people are indigenous inhabitants of northern Palawan Province of the Philippines."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.76, 119.333]]}",,,bib6595,yes +5087-location-2,5087,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.1766, -98.0527]]}",,,bib5330,no 5087-location-3,5087,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Philippines: North Palawan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.771254, 119.377441]]}",,,bib67,no -5087-speaker_number-1,5087,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This study was concentrated in Buding, a community where only 20% of the population was Tagbanwa. Gi, a more inland village, has 82% Tabganwa. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the language situation in Gi might be more optimistic than the language situation in Buding.",bib6571,yes -5087-speakers-1,5087,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991-1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This study was concentrated in Buding, a community where only 20% of the population was Tagbanwa. Gi, a more inland village, has 82% Tabganwa. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the language situation in Gi might be more optimistic than the language situation in Buding.",bib6571,yes -5087-speaker_number-2,5087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5087-speakers-2,5087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,276"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5087-speaker_number-1,5087,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This study was concentrated in Buding, a community where only 20% of the population was Tagbanwa. Gi, a more inland village, has 82% Tabganwa. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the language situation in Gi might be more optimistic than the language situation in Buding.",bib6595,yes +5087-speakers-1,5087,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991-1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This study was concentrated in Buding, a community where only 20% of the population was Tagbanwa. Gi, a more inland village, has 82% Tabganwa. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the language situation in Gi might be more optimistic than the language situation in Buding.",bib6595,yes +5087-speaker_number-2,5087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5087-speakers-2,5087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,276"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5087-speaker_number-3,5087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5087-speakers-3,5087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5087-speaker_number-4,5087,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5087-speakers-4,5087,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5087-LEI-1,5087,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6571,yes -5087-transmission-1,5087,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6571,yes -5087-domains_of_use-1,5087,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6571,yes -5087-vitality-1,5087,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6571,yes -5087-LEI-2,5087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5087-vitality-2,5087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5087-LEI-1,5087,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6595,yes +5087-transmission-1,5087,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6595,yes +5087-domains_of_use-1,5087,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib6595,yes +5087-vitality-1,5087,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6595,yes +5087-LEI-2,5087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5087-vitality-2,5087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5087-LEI-3,5087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5087-vitality-3,5087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5087-LEI-4,5087,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5087-vitality-4,5087,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 509-location-1,509,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"State of Mato Grosso do Sul, near the Terêna.",bib68,no -509-location-2,509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.0685, -56.2765]]}",,,bib5307,no -509-location-3,509,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -509-location-4,509,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib6968,yes +509-location-2,509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.0685, -56.2765]]}",,,bib5330,no +509-location-3,509,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +509-location-4,509,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib6992,yes 509-speakers-1,509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers."", ""Date Of Info"": ""Ethnic population 2005 (ISA)""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,no -509-speaker_number-2,509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,11 for Kinikinau (Guaná),bib1902,no -509-speakers-2,509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2007), ethnic population (2005)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,11 for Kinikinau (Guaná),bib1902,no +509-speaker_number-2,509,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,11 for Kinikinau (Guaná),bib1914,no +509-speakers-2,509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""speaker numbers (2007), ethnic population (2005)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,11 for Kinikinau (Guaná),bib1914,no 509-speakers-3,509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8 (1?)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"The Kinikinau language is in the last stage of obsolescence. There is no more daily dialogue in Kinikinau. Dialogue was muted in July 2014, with the death of Mr. Michael Roberto ... husband of Doña Zeferina Moreira (very probably) the last speaker of Kinikinau ... The couple's older children are passive speakers (only understand). The Kinikinau language is in the last stage of obsolescence. It is not spoken by children and young people; -it has no social or ritual function. There are a few semi-speakers. They belong to a family that is scattered because they are landless Indians.",bib6968,yes +it has no social or ritual function. There are a few semi-speakers. They belong to a family that is scattered because they are landless Indians.",bib6992,yes 509-LEI-1,509,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,no 509-vitality-1,509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -509-LEI-2,509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -509-vitality-2,509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -509-LEI-3,509,LEI,Dormant (),,Possibly one speaker remains.,bib6968,yes -509-vitality-3,509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Possibly one speaker remains.,bib6968,yes -5092-context-1,5092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5610,yes -5092-location-1,5092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4472, -82.5166]]}",,,bib5307,no -5092-location-2,5092,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""...in and around the Teribe and Changuinola river valleys in\nnorthwest Panama, near the Costa Rican border.""}",,,bib5610,yes +509-LEI-2,509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +509-vitality-2,509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +509-LEI-3,509,LEI,Dormant (),,Possibly one speaker remains.,bib6992,yes +509-vitality-3,509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Possibly one speaker remains.,bib6992,yes +5092-context-1,5092,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib5634,yes +5092-location-1,5092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4472, -82.5166]]}",,,bib5330,no +5092-location-2,5092,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""...in and around the Teribe and Changuinola river valleys in\nnorthwest Panama, near the Costa Rican border.""}",,,bib5634,yes 5092-location-3,5092,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.33333333333, -82.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5092-location-4,5092,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica"", ""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Panama: Northwest area, Changuinola, Teribe River. Also in Costa Rica.""}",,,bib67,no -5092-speaker_number-1,5092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5092-speakers-1,5092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,362"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5092-speaker_number-1,5092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5092-speakers-1,5092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,362"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5092-speaker_number-2,5092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"[3,000 is] ""Their own estimation as of 1998, which is perhaps a bit high. In the early part of the 20th century their numbers were as low as 500, climbing to around 1,000 by 1972 (Grimes 1992). But as late as 1964 -(Reverte 1967:2) they were still considered to be on the way to extinction. That is no longer the case.""",bib5610,yes +(Reverte 1967:2) they were still considered to be on the way to extinction. That is no longer the case.""",bib5634,yes 5092-speakers-2,5092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"[3,000 is] ""Their own estimation as of 1998, which is perhaps a bit high. In the early part of the 20th century their numbers were as low as 500, climbing to around 1,000 by 1972 (Grimes 1992). But as late as 1964 -(Reverte 1967:2) they were still considered to be on the way to extinction. That is no longer the case.""",bib5610,yes +(Reverte 1967:2) they were still considered to be on the way to extinction. That is no longer the case.""",bib5634,yes 5092-speaker_number-3,5092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5092-speakers-3,5092,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5092-speaker_number-4,5092,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Panama (1996); 5 in Costa Rica (1991). Ethnic population: 35 to 300 in Costa Rica. @@ -52028,10 +52214,10 @@ numbers were as low as 500, climbing to around 1,000 by 1972 (Grimes 1992). But 5092-speakers-4,5092,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,035-3,335?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,005"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 Panama, 1991 Costa Rica"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Panama (1996); 5 in Costa Rica (1991). Ethnic population: 35 to 300 in Costa Rica. 3,300 in Panama (Adelaar 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -5092-LEI-1,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5092-vitality-1,5092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5092-LEI-2,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""language use has begun a steady decline since Spanish-language schools were introduced in the early 1970s. But the Teribes are aware of the problem and do not want to see their language go the way of Térraba. It remains to be seen what they will do about it."" (Oakes 2001:4)",bib5610,yes -5092-vitality-2,5092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""language use has begun a steady decline since Spanish-language schools were introduced in the early 1970s. But the Teribes are aware of the problem and do not want to see their language go the way of Térraba. It remains to be seen what they will do about it."" (Oakes 2001:4)",bib5610,yes +5092-LEI-1,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5092-vitality-1,5092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5092-LEI-2,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""language use has begun a steady decline since Spanish-language schools were introduced in the early 1970s. But the Teribes are aware of the problem and do not want to see their language go the way of Térraba. It remains to be seen what they will do about it."" (Oakes 2001:4)",bib5634,yes +5092-vitality-2,5092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""language use has begun a steady decline since Spanish-language schools were introduced in the early 1970s. But the Teribes are aware of the problem and do not want to see their language go the way of Térraba. It remains to be seen what they will do about it."" (Oakes 2001:4)",bib5634,yes 5092-LEI-3,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5092-vitality-3,5092,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5092-LEI-4,5092,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -52046,266 +52232,266 @@ numbers were as low as 500, climbing to around 1,000 by 1972 (Grimes 1992). But 5093-vitality-1,5093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5093-LEI-2,5093,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5093-vitality-2,5093,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5094-location-1,5094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.5984, 29.0917]]}",,,bib5307,no -5094-location-2,5094,location,"{""Description"": ""A region south of the Nuba Mountains in Sudan.""}",,,bib7615,yes +5094-location-1,5094,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.5984, 29.0917]]}",,,bib5330,no +5094-location-2,5094,location,"{""Description"": ""A region south of the Nuba Mountains in Sudan.""}",,,bib7640,yes 5094-location-3,5094,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,no -5094-speaker_number-1,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5094-speakers-1,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,628"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5094-speaker_number-2,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5094-speakers-2,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5094-speaker_number-1,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5094-speakers-1,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,628"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5094-speaker_number-2,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5094-speakers-2,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5094-speaker_number-3,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5094-speakers-3,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,628"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5094-speaker_number-4,5094,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number data is from Voegelin and Voegelin(1977). ""3,000 Kamda, 2,500 Tulishi.""",bib67,no 5094-speakers-4,5094,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,630"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number data is from Voegelin and Voegelin(1977). ""3,000 Kamda, 2,500 Tulishi.""",bib67,no -5094-LEI-1,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5094-vitality-1,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5094-LEI-2,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5094-vitality-2,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5094-LEI-1,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5094-vitality-1,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5094-LEI-2,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5094-vitality-2,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5094-LEI-3,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5094-vitality-3,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5094-LEI-4,5094,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5094-vitality-4,5094,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5095-location-1,5095,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.8377, 29.4625]]}",,,bib5307,no +5095-location-1,5095,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.8377, 29.4625]]}",,,bib5330,no 5095-location-2,5095,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.9166666667, 29.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5095-location-3,5095,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Nuba Hills, Temein hills southwest of Dilling, between Jebels Ghulfan Morung and Julud (Gulud), Tukur, Nekring, Kwiye, Tokoing, Tulu, Farik, Kuris villages.""}",,,bib67,yes -5095-speaker_number-1,5095,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5095-speakers-1,5095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5095-speaker_number-1,5095,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5095-speakers-1,5095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5095-speaker_number-2,5095,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5095-speakers-2,5095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5095-speaker_number-3,5095,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"6,000 population in home area villages; 7,000 population in other towns in Northern Sudan.",bib67,yes 5095-speakers-3,5095,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"6,000 population in home area villages; 7,000 population in other towns in Northern Sudan.",bib67,yes -5095-LEI-1,5095,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5095-vitality-1,5095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5095-LEI-1,5095,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5095-vitality-1,5095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5095-LEI-2,5095,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5095-vitality-2,5095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5095-LEI-3,5095,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5095-vitality-3,5095,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5098-location-1,5098,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.915, 93.3837]]}",,,bib5307,no +5098-location-1,5098,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.915, 93.3837]]}",,,bib5330,no 5098-location-2,5098,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Teressa, Bompoka, and Nicobar islands.""}",,,bib67,yes -5098-speaker_number-1,5098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5098-speakers-1,5098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5098-speaker_number-1,5098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5098-speakers-1,5098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5098-speaker_number-2,5098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5098-speakers-2,5098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,767"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5098-speaker_number-3,5098,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5098-speakers-3,5098,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,080"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5098-LEI-1,5098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5098-vitality-1,5098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5098-LEI-1,5098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5098-vitality-1,5098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5098-LEI-2,5098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5098-vitality-2,5098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5098-LEI-3,5098,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5098-vitality-3,5098,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5099-location-1,5099,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.46, -98.0761]]}",,,bib5307,no +5099-location-1,5099,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.46, -98.0761]]}",,,bib5330,no 5099-location-2,5099,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5, -98.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5099-location-3,5099,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes -5099-speaker_number-1,5099,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5099-speakers-1,5099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,603"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5099-speaker_number-1,5099,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5099-speakers-1,5099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,603"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5099-speaker_number-2,5099,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5099-speakers-2,5099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5099-speaker_number-3,5099,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5099-speakers-3,5099,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5099-LEI-1,5099,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5099-vitality-1,5099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5099-LEI-1,5099,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5099-vitality-1,5099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5099-LEI-2,5099,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5099-vitality-2,5099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5099-LEI-3,5099,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5099-vitality-3,5099,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 510-location-1,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[29.6666666667, -91.0]]}",,,bib216,no 510-location-2,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southern Louisiana""}",,,bib69,no -510-location-3,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Chitimacha Tribe of Cheranton, St. Mary Parish, Louisiana.""}",,,bib5217,no -510-location-4,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken throughout the Bayou country of Louisiana and at the delta of the Mississippi River""}",,,bib5309,no +510-location-3,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Chitimacha Tribe of Cheranton, St. Mary Parish, Louisiana.""}",,,bib5240,no +510-location-4,510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken throughout the Bayou country of Louisiana and at the delta of the Mississippi River""}",,,bib5332,no 510-speakers-1,510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,"Last speaker died in 1940 (Golla 2007)."" ""Ethnic population: 300 (1977 SIL).",bib69,no -510-speakers-2,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"[The Chitimacha language] is now being taught at our tribal school, early learning center and through a grant from the RosettaStone company, to all interested tribal members around the globe who have requested the software.",bib7406,yes -510-speakers-3,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known speaker passed away in 1940.,bib5217,no -510-speakers-4,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last known speaker of Chitimacha passed away in 1940.,bib5309,no +510-speakers-2,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"[The Chitimacha language] is now being taught at our tribal school, early learning center and through a grant from the RosettaStone company, to all interested tribal members around the globe who have requested the software.",bib7430,yes +510-speakers-3,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last known speaker passed away in 1940.,bib5240,no +510-speakers-4,510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,Last known speaker of Chitimacha passed away in 1940.,bib5332,no 510-LEI-1,510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 510-vitality-1,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -510-LEI-2,510,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7406,yes -510-vitality-2,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7406,yes -510-LEI-3,510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -510-vitality-3,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -510-LEI-4,510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5309,no -510-vitality-4,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5309,no -5100-context-1,5100,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Intermarriage with other Aslian groups gives some speakers knowledge of other Aslian languages; however Temiar is used as a lingua franca by many Northern Aslian groups and at a government hospital provided for all Aslian groups; it is also a school language with limited literacy materials. All speakers also speak Malay.,bib1205,yes -5100-location-1,5100,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""North central highlands, northeast of Ipoh.""}",,,bib1205,yes +510-LEI-2,510,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7430,yes +510-vitality-2,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7430,yes +510-LEI-3,510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +510-vitality-3,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +510-LEI-4,510,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5332,no +510-vitality-4,510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5332,no +5100-context-1,5100,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay, other Aslian languages"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Intermarriage with other Aslian groups gives some speakers knowledge of other Aslian languages; however Temiar is used as a lingua franca by many Northern Aslian groups and at a government hospital provided for all Aslian groups; it is also a school language with limited literacy materials. All speakers also speak Malay.,bib1214,yes +5100-location-1,5100,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""North central highlands, northeast of Ipoh.""}",,,bib1214,yes 5100-location-2,5100,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.0, 101.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5100-location-3,5100,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Perak and Kelantan; Pahang""}",,,bib67,no 5100-speaker_number-1,5100,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5100-speakers-1,5100,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,593"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5100-speaker_number-2,5100,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 17,000 group members, including over 15,000 living in traditional areas, with three main dialects: northern, southern and northwestern Lanoh Kobak, which is a dialect of Temiar, not of Lanoh.",bib1205,yes -5100-speakers-2,5100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 17,000 group members, including over 15,000 living in traditional areas, with three main dialects: northern, southern and northwestern Lanoh Kobak, which is a dialect of Temiar, not of Lanoh.",bib1205,yes +5100-speaker_number-2,5100,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 17,000 group members, including over 15,000 living in traditional areas, with three main dialects: northern, southern and northwestern Lanoh Kobak, which is a dialect of Temiar, not of Lanoh.",bib1214,yes +5100-speakers-2,5100,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 17,000 group members, including over 15,000 living in traditional areas, with three main dialects: northern, southern and northwestern Lanoh Kobak, which is a dialect of Temiar, not of Lanoh.",bib1214,yes 5100-LEI-1,5100,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5100-vitality-1,5100,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5100-LEI-2,5100,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1205,yes -5100-domains_of_use-2,5100,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1205,yes -5100-vitality-2,5100,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1205,yes -5101-context-1,5101,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All Thulung speakers are bilingual in Nepali, resulting in heavy borrowing of Nepali in Thulung.",bib4474,yes +5100-LEI-2,5100,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1214,yes +5100-domains_of_use-2,5100,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1214,yes +5100-vitality-2,5100,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is losing domains, and is potentially endangered although it is the most secure Aslian language.",bib1214,yes +5101-context-1,5101,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"All Thulung speakers are bilingual in Nepali, resulting in heavy borrowing of Nepali in Thulung.",bib4495,yes 5101-location-1,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.4166666667, 86.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5101-location-2,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Nepal: Sagarmatha zone, southeast Solukhumbu District; Okhaldhunga District; Koshi zone, Bhojpur District; west of the slopes\u2019 highest ridges to Dudhkosi, north of Nechedanda and Halesidanda ranges, east of upper Solu River, and south of the Kakukhola and the confluence of Ingkhukhola and Dudhkosi. India: Sikkim; West Bengal, Darjeeling District; Uttar Pradesh""}",,,bib67,no -5101-location-3,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the middle hills of eastern Nepal, on the western edge of the Kirant region""}",,,bib4474,yes -5101-location-4,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Southern Solukhumbu district.""}",,,bib7525,no -5101-location-5,5101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4534, 86.6423]]}",,,bib5307,no +5101-location-3,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""the middle hills of eastern Nepal, on the western edge of the Kirant region""}",,,bib4495,yes +5101-location-4,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Southern Solukhumbu district.""}",,,bib7550,no +5101-location-5,5101,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4534, 86.6423]]}",,,bib5330,no 5101-location-6,5101,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no 5101-speaker_number-1,5101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 in Nepal (2003), decreasing.",bib67,no 5101-speakers-1,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 in Nepal (2003), decreasing.",bib67,no -5101-speaker_number-2,5101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4474,yes -5101-speakers-2,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4474,yes -5101-speaker_number-3,5101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7525,no -5101-speakers-3,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7525,no -5101-speaker_number-4,5101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5101-speakers-4,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,034"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5101-speaker_number-2,5101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4495,yes +5101-speakers-2,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4495,yes +5101-speaker_number-3,5101,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7550,no +5101-speakers-3,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7550,no +5101-speaker_number-4,5101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5101-speakers-4,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,034"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5101-speaker_number-5,5101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5101-speakers-5,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,313"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5101-speaker_number-6,5101,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,no 5101-speakers-6,5101,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20659"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,no 5101-LEI-2,5101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5101-vitality-2,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5101-LEI-3,5101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4474,yes -5101-transmission-3,5101,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4474,yes -5101-domains_of_use-3,5101,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4474,yes -5101-speaker_number_trends-3,5101,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4474,yes -5101-vitality-3,5101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4474,yes -5101-LEI-4,5101,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being passed on.,bib7525,no -5101-vitality-4,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is not being passed on.,bib7525,no -5101-LEI-5,5101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5101-vitality-5,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5101-LEI-3,5101,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4495,yes +5101-transmission-3,5101,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4495,yes +5101-domains_of_use-3,5101,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4495,yes +5101-speaker_number_trends-3,5101,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4495,yes +5101-vitality-3,5101,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Education, economy, and inter-marriage are main reasons why Thulung is not passed down.",bib4495,yes +5101-LEI-4,5101,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being passed on.,bib7550,no +5101-vitality-4,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The language is not being passed on.,bib7550,no +5101-LEI-5,5101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5101-vitality-5,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5101-LEI-6,5101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5101-vitality-6,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5101-LEI-7,5101,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5101-vitality-7,5101,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no 5103-context-1,5103,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil""}",,,bib67,no -5103-context-2,5103,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil""}",,,bib6176,no +5103-context-2,5103,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamil""}",,,bib6200,no 5103-location-1,5103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4166666667, 76.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5103-location-2,5103,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills, Kunda hills""}",,,bib67,no -5103-location-3,5103,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Western Tamil Nadu state, Nilgiri Hills, near Ootacamund.""}",,,bib7525,yes -5103-location-4,5103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 76.8273]]}",,,bib5307,no +5103-location-3,5103,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Western Tamil Nadu state, Nilgiri Hills, near Ootacamund.""}",,,bib7550,yes +5103-location-4,5103,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 76.8273]]}",,,bib5330,no 5103-speaker_number-1,5103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5103-speakers-1,5103,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,560"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5103-speaker_number-2,5103,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6176,no -5103-speakers-2,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6176,no -5103-speaker_number-3,5103,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7525,yes -5103-speakers-3,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7525,yes -5103-speaker_number-4,5103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5103-speakers-4,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5103-speaker_number-2,5103,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6200,no +5103-speakers-2,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6200,no +5103-speaker_number-3,5103,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7550,yes +5103-speakers-3,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7550,yes +5103-speaker_number-4,5103,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5103-speakers-4,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5103-speaker_number-5,5103,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5103-speakers-5,5103,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5103-LEI-2,5103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5103-vitality-2,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5103-LEI-3,5103,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is reported that Christians [sic] Todas may loose [sic] their mother tongue and opt for a more important language of the area like Tamil.,bib6176,no -5103-vitality-3,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is reported that Christians [sic] Todas may loose [sic] their mother tongue and opt for a more important language of the area like Tamil.,bib6176,no -5103-LEI-4,5103,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -5103-vitality-4,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -5103-LEI-5,5103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5103-vitality-5,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5103-LEI-3,5103,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is reported that Christians [sic] Todas may loose [sic] their mother tongue and opt for a more important language of the area like Tamil.,bib6200,no +5103-vitality-3,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is reported that Christians [sic] Todas may loose [sic] their mother tongue and opt for a more important language of the area like Tamil.,bib6200,no +5103-LEI-4,5103,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +5103-vitality-4,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +5103-LEI-5,5103,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5103-vitality-5,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5103-LEI-6,5103,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5103-vitality-6,5103,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5107-location-1,5107,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8508, 13.612]]}",,,bib5307,no +5107-location-1,5107,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8508, 13.612]]}",,,bib5330,no 5107-location-2,5107,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Mboua village, on the road south from Franceville to Boumango.""}",,,bib67,yes -5107-speaker_number-1,5107,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5107-speakers-1,5107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5107-speaker_number-1,5107,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5107-speakers-1,5107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5107-speaker_number-2,5107,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5107-speakers-2,5107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5107-speaker_number-3,5107,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5107-speakers-3,5107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5107-LEI-1,5107,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5107-vitality-1,5107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5107-LEI-1,5107,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5107-vitality-1,5107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5107-LEI-2,5107,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5107-vitality-2,5107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5107-LEI-3,5107,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5107-vitality-3,5107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5111-location-1,5111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.477, 30.4321]]}",,,bib5307,no +5111-location-1,5111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.477, 30.4321]]}",,,bib5330,no 5111-location-2,5111,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Nuba Hills; Kurondi south of Eliri; Eliri area north, Talassa.""}",,,bib67,yes -5111-speaker_number-1,5111,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5111-speakers-1,5111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5111-speaker_number-1,5111,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5111-speakers-1,5111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5111-speaker_number-2,5111,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5111-speakers-2,5111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5111-speaker_number-3,5111,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,000 in Karondi and 1,300 in Tumtum.",bib67,yes 5111-speakers-3,5111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,000 in Karondi and 1,300 in Tumtum.",bib67,yes -5111-LEI-1,5111,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5111-vitality-1,5111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5111-LEI-1,5111,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5111-vitality-1,5111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5111-LEI-2,5111,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5111-vitality-2,5111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5111-LEI-3,5111,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5111-vitality-3,5111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5114-location-1,5114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.68629188, 145.6371438]]}",,,bib1182,no -5114-location-2,5114,location,"{""Places"": [""New South Wales, Australia""]}",,Dharawal is a language from coastal New South Wales.,bib7416,no -5114-speaker_number-1,5114,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -5114-speakers-1,5114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +5114-location-1,5114,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.68629188, 145.6371438]]}",,,bib1191,no +5114-location-2,5114,location,"{""Places"": [""New South Wales, Australia""]}",,Dharawal is a language from coastal New South Wales.,bib7440,no +5114-speaker_number-1,5114,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +5114-speakers-1,5114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 5114-speaker_number-2,5114,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This is still a very small percentage of the people who identify with Dharawal; -the respondent reported that over 1000 people identify with this language.",bib7416,no +the respondent reported that over 1000 people identify with this language.",bib7440,no 5114-speakers-2,5114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This is still a very small percentage of the people who identify with Dharawal; -the respondent reported that over 1000 people identify with this language.",bib7416,no +the respondent reported that over 1000 people identify with this language.",bib7440,no 5114-speaker_number-3,5114,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5114-speakers-3,5114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes -5114-LEI-1,5114,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5114-vitality-1,5114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5114-LEI-2,5114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7416,no -5114-transmission-2,5114,transmission,5,transmission-5,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7416,no -5114-speaker_number_trends-2,5114,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7416,no -5114-vitality-2,5114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7416,no +5114-LEI-1,5114,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5114-vitality-1,5114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5114-LEI-2,5114,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7440,no +5114-transmission-2,5114,transmission,5,transmission-5,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7440,no +5114-speaker_number_trends-2,5114,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7440,no +5114-vitality-2,5114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"[Data] indicates that the younger age groups (0–19 years, 20–39 years and 40–59 years) are using the language more frequently. In fact, [data] indicates that these age groups did not use the language at all previously.",bib7440,no 5114-LEI-3,5114,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5114-vitality-3,5114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5115-location-1,5115,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Moro Hills settlements, South Kordofan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.852189, 30.32733]]}",,Moro Hills settlements (actually situated on the Limon Hills lying east of the Moro Hills)... village: Tacho or Toicho.,bib6576,no -5115-location-2,5115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8764, 30.1135]]}",,,bib5307,no +5115-location-1,5115,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Moro Hills settlements, South Kordofan Province, Sudan"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.852189, 30.32733]]}",,Moro Hills settlements (actually situated on the Limon Hills lying east of the Moro Hills)... village: Tacho or Toicho.,bib6600,no +5115-location-2,5115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8764, 30.1135]]}",,,bib5330,no 5115-location-3,5115,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""North, Talodi, Moro Hills.""}",,,bib67,yes -5115-speakers-1,5115,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6576,no -5115-speaker_number-2,5115,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5115-speakers-2,5115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5115-speakers-1,5115,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1974-1975""}",,,bib6600,no +5115-speaker_number-2,5115,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5115-speakers-2,5115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5115-speaker_number-3,5115,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5115-speakers-3,5115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5115-speaker_number-4,5115,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from Voegelin and Voegelin(1977).,bib67,yes 5115-speakers-4,5115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from Voegelin and Voegelin(1977).,bib67,yes -5115-LEI-1,5115,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5115-vitality-1,5115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5115-LEI-1,5115,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5115-vitality-1,5115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5115-LEI-2,5115,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5115-vitality-2,5115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5115-LEI-3,5115,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5115-vitality-3,5115,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5125-context-1,5125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nasu; Nisu; Niesu; Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Only educated people can speak Mandarin, and people above 50 are usually illiterate. Nasu, Nisu, and Niesu, all of which are Loloish, are used in daily life when interacting with outside members.",bib7949,yes -5125-context-2,5125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Nisu""}",,"Some Nisu and Chesu speak Sansu, and some Sansu speak Nisu and/or Chesu.",bib1205,no -5125-location-1,5125,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan \u96f2\u5357, China""], ""Description"": ""Xinping \u65b0\u5e73, Yuanjiang \u5143\u6c5f, and Esan \u5ce8\u5c71 Autonomous Counties governed by Yuxi City \u7389\u6eaa\u5e02"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.38, 101.16], [23.19, 101.39], [24.01, 101.52]]}",,,bib7949,yes -5125-location-2,5125,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Xinping County; also scattered in adjacent areas of Shuangbai, Jinping, Shiping, Zhenyuan and Eshan counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.622, 101.482]]}",,,bib1205,no +5125-context-1,5125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nasu; Nisu; Niesu; Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Only educated people can speak Mandarin, and people above 50 are usually illiterate. Nasu, Nisu, and Niesu, all of which are Loloish, are used in daily life when interacting with outside members.",bib7974,yes +5125-context-2,5125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Nisu""}",,"Some Nisu and Chesu speak Sansu, and some Sansu speak Nisu and/or Chesu.",bib1214,no +5125-location-1,5125,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan \u96f2\u5357, China""], ""Description"": ""Xinping \u65b0\u5e73, Yuanjiang \u5143\u6c5f, and Esan \u5ce8\u5c71 Autonomous Counties governed by Yuxi City \u7389\u6eaa\u5e02"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.38, 101.16], [23.19, 101.39], [24.01, 101.52]]}",,,bib7974,yes +5125-location-2,5125,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Xinping County; also scattered in adjacent areas of Shuangbai, Jinping, Shiping, Zhenyuan and Eshan counties."", ""Coordinates"": [[24.622, 101.482]]}",,,bib1214,no 5125-location-3,5125,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,no -5125-speaker_number-1,5125,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"95% of the ethnic Hlersu can speak their heritage language. A majority of them live in remote mountainous regions, and the literacy within the communities is very low.",bib7949,yes -5125-speakers-1,5125,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15737"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"95% of the ethnic Hlersu can speak their heritage language. A majority of them live in remote mountainous regions, and the literacy within the communities is very low.",bib7949,yes -5125-speaker_number-2,5125,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Classified in the Yi nationality. Hlersu is the group's autonym. Shansu (or in the local pronunciation Sansu) is the Nisu (and hence Chinese) name for this group. Lesu is the Chesu name for them.,bib1205,no -5125-speakers-2,5125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Classified in the Yi nationality. Hlersu is the group's autonym. Shansu (or in the local pronunciation Sansu) is the Nisu (and hence Chinese) name for this group. Lesu is the Chesu name for them.,bib1205,no +5125-speaker_number-1,5125,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"95% of the ethnic Hlersu can speak their heritage language. A majority of them live in remote mountainous regions, and the literacy within the communities is very low.",bib7974,yes +5125-speakers-1,5125,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15737"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"95% of the ethnic Hlersu can speak their heritage language. A majority of them live in remote mountainous regions, and the literacy within the communities is very low.",bib7974,yes +5125-speaker_number-2,5125,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Classified in the Yi nationality. Hlersu is the group's autonym. Shansu (or in the local pronunciation Sansu) is the Nisu (and hence Chinese) name for this group. Lesu is the Chesu name for them.,bib1214,no +5125-speakers-2,5125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Classified in the Yi nationality. Hlersu is the group's autonym. Shansu (or in the local pronunciation Sansu) is the Nisu (and hence Chinese) name for this group. Lesu is the Chesu name for them.,bib1214,no 5125-speaker_number-3,5125,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5125-speakers-3,5125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5125-LEI-1,5125,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7949,yes -5125-transmission-1,5125,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7949,yes -5125-domains_of_use-1,5125,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7949,yes -5125-speaker_number_trends-1,5125,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7949,yes -5125-vitality-1,5125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7949,yes -5125-LEI-2,5125,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -5125-vitality-2,5125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +5125-LEI-1,5125,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7974,yes +5125-transmission-1,5125,transmission,0,transmission-0,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7974,yes +5125-domains_of_use-1,5125,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7974,yes +5125-speaker_number_trends-1,5125,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7974,yes +5125-vitality-1,5125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most group members speak Hlersu as their dominant language. Only those living in Yulongzhai 玉龍寨 have intergenerational transmission problem.,bib7974,yes +5125-LEI-2,5125,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +5125-vitality-2,5125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 5125-LEI-3,5125,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5125-vitality-3,5125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5128-location-1,5128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4154, -59.7216]]}",,,bib5307,no -5128-location-2,5128,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +5128-location-1,5128,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4154, -59.7216]]}",,,bib5330,no +5128-location-2,5128,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 5128-location-3,5128,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Western Mato Grosso.""}",,,bib67,no -5128-speaker_number-1,5128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -5128-speakers-1,5128,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""645"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""645"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +5128-speaker_number-1,5128,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +5128-speakers-1,5128,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""645"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""645"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 5128-speaker_number-2,5128,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5128-speakers-2,5128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5128-LEI-1,5128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -5128-vitality-1,5128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +5128-LEI-1,5128,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +5128-vitality-1,5128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 5128-LEI-2,5128,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5128-vitality-2,5128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5129-context-1,5129,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most speak Mandarin Chinese""}",,,bib67,no -5129-context-2,5129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yunnan Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no official government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Lalo sometimes used informally in schools where there is high concentration of Lalo students.""}",,,bib7968,yes +5129-context-2,5129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yunnan Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no official government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Lalo sometimes used informally in schools where there is high concentration of Lalo students.""}",,,bib7993,yes 5129-location-1,5129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0, 100.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5129-location-2,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""West Yunnan Province, in Weishan, Fengqing, Midu, Changning, Jingdong, Nanjian, Yangbi, and Yunlong counties"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.227212, 100.307175], [24.580424, 99.92846], [24.82785, 99.605138], [25.04351, 100.509036], [25.670148, 99.958015], [25.885662, 99.371048]]}",,,bib67,no -5129-location-3,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province: Dali, Chuxiong, and Baoshan prefectures. Field site for this grammar was Longjie Township in Weishan County. Longjie had about 10,000 residents, 95%% Lalo.""}",,,bib943,no -5129-location-4,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the following counties in western Yunnan, from the greatest number of speakers to the fewest: Weishan, Nanjian, Jingdong, Yongping, Yangbi, Changning, and Midu.""}",,,bib7968,yes -5129-location-5,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Dali Prefecture. The core Lalo area is Nanjian and Weishan counties.""}",,,bib1205,no +5129-location-3,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province: Dali, Chuxiong, and Baoshan prefectures. Field site for this grammar was Longjie Township in Weishan County. Longjie had about 10,000 residents, 95%% Lalo.""}",,,bib947,no +5129-location-4,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the following counties in western Yunnan, from the greatest number of speakers to the fewest: Weishan, Nanjian, Jingdong, Yongping, Yangbi, Changning, and Midu.""}",,,bib7993,yes +5129-location-5,5129,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Dali Prefecture. The core Lalo area is Nanjian and Weishan counties.""}",,,bib1214,no 5129-speaker_number-1,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Speaker number data (2010 SIL),bib67,no 5129-speakers-1,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""213,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Speaker number data (2010 SIL),bib67,no -5129-speaker_number-2,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib943,no -5129-speakers-2,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<800,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib943,no -5129-speaker_number-3,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7968,yes -5129-speakers-3,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7968,yes -5129-speaker_number-4,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Has also been called ‘Menghua Lolo’ in the older literature. Within (la21 lu33) there are several varieties, which Chinese linguists categorize into eastern and western dialects.",bib1205,no -5129-speakers-4,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Has also been called ‘Menghua Lolo’ in the older literature. Within (la21 lu33) there are several varieties, which Chinese linguists categorize into eastern and western dialects.",bib1205,no +5129-speaker_number-2,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib947,no +5129-speakers-2,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<800,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib947,no +5129-speaker_number-3,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7993,yes +5129-speakers-3,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7993,yes +5129-speaker_number-4,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Has also been called ‘Menghua Lolo’ in the older literature. Within (la21 lu33) there are several varieties, which Chinese linguists categorize into eastern and western dialects.",bib1214,no +5129-speakers-4,5129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Has also been called ‘Menghua Lolo’ in the older literature. Within (la21 lu33) there are several varieties, which Chinese linguists categorize into eastern and western dialects.",bib1214,no 5129-speaker_number-5,5129,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 5129-speakers-5,5129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 5129-LEI-1,5129,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In many areas it is extinct or severely endangered; vital in some areas where parents teach their children and use it in most domains. High bilingualism in Chinese [cmn], especially among young people.",bib67,no @@ -52313,104 +52499,104 @@ the respondent reported that over 1000 people identify with this language.",bib7 5129-domains_of_use-1,5129,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"In many areas it is extinct or severely endangered; vital in some areas where parents teach their children and use it in most domains. High bilingualism in Chinese [cmn], especially among young people.",bib67,no 5129-speaker_number_trends-1,5129,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In many areas it is extinct or severely endangered; vital in some areas where parents teach their children and use it in most domains. High bilingualism in Chinese [cmn], especially among young people.",bib67,no 5129-vitality-1,5129,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In many areas it is extinct or severely endangered; vital in some areas where parents teach their children and use it in most domains. High bilingualism in Chinese [cmn], especially among young people.",bib67,no -5129-LEI-2,5129,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib943,no -5129-vitality-2,5129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib943,no -5129-LEI-3,5129,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7968,yes -5129-transmission-3,5129,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7968,yes -5129-domains_of_use-3,5129,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib7968,yes -5129-speaker_number_trends-3,5129,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7968,yes -5129-vitality-3,5129,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7968,yes -5129-LEI-4,5129,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1205,no -5129-speaker_number_trends-4,5129,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1205,no -5129-vitality-4,5129,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1205,no +5129-LEI-2,5129,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib947,no +5129-vitality-2,5129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib947,no +5129-LEI-3,5129,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7993,yes +5129-transmission-3,5129,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib7993,yes +5129-domains_of_use-3,5129,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib7993,yes +5129-speaker_number_trends-3,5129,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib7993,yes +5129-vitality-3,5129,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib7993,yes +5129-LEI-4,5129,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1214,no +5129-speaker_number_trends-4,5129,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1214,no +5129-vitality-4,5129,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Many of those living further west, south or east do not speak the language; less than half speakers, not all fluent and not many children.",bib1214,no 5129-LEI-5,5129,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5129-vitality-5,5129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5131-context-1,5131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lipho, Chinese, Lolopho"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""120""}",,"Intermarried with and all bilingual in Lipho. The Lipho are much more numerous in the area; most also speak Chinese and some Lolopho, also spoken nearby.",bib1205,yes -5131-location-1,5131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.2434, 100.8654]]}",,,bib5307,no -5131-location-2,5131,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Binchuan County. 120 people in two villages.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5131-speaker_number-1,5131,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Classified as members of the Lahu Nationality. Language similar to Lisu.,bib1205,yes -5131-speakers-1,5131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Classified as members of the Lahu Nationality. Language similar to Lisu.,bib1205,yes -5131-LEI-1,5131,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib1205,yes -5131-vitality-1,5131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib1205,yes +5131-context-1,5131,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lipho, Chinese, Lolopho"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""120""}",,"Intermarried with and all bilingual in Lipho. The Lipho are much more numerous in the area; most also speak Chinese and some Lolopho, also spoken nearby.",bib1214,yes +5131-location-1,5131,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.2434, 100.8654]]}",,,bib5330,no +5131-location-2,5131,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Binchuan County. 120 people in two villages.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5131-speaker_number-1,5131,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Classified as members of the Lahu Nationality. Language similar to Lisu.,bib1214,yes +5131-speakers-1,5131,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Classified as members of the Lahu Nationality. Language similar to Lisu.,bib1214,yes +5131-LEI-1,5131,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered.,bib1214,yes +5131-vitality-1,5131,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Severely endangered.,bib1214,yes 5132-context-1,5132,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin [cmn]""}",,Officially classified within Yi nationality.,bib67,no -5132-location-1,5132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5895, 100.8506]]}",,,bib5307,no -5132-location-2,5132,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, southern Huaping and eastern Yongsheng counties; Sichuan Province, western Panzhihua City.""}",,,bib1205,yes +5132-location-1,5132,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5895, 100.8506]]}",,,bib5330,no +5132-location-2,5132,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, southern Huaping and eastern Yongsheng counties; Sichuan Province, western Panzhihua City.""}",,,bib1214,yes 5132-location-3,5132,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, southern Huaping and eastern Yongsheng counties; Sichuan, western Panzhihua city."", ""Coordinates"": [[26.629637, 101.265891], [26.684228, 100.750795], [26.582347, 101.718637]]}",,,bib67,no -5132-speaker_number-1,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5132-speakers-1,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -5132-speaker_number-2,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Classified in Yi Nationality. About 15,000, most in Yunnan, and a couple thousand in Sichuan.",bib1205,yes -5132-speakers-2,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Classified in Yi Nationality. About 15,000, most in Yunnan, and a couple thousand in Sichuan.",bib1205,yes +5132-speaker_number-1,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5132-speakers-1,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +5132-speaker_number-2,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Classified in Yi Nationality. About 15,000, most in Yunnan, and a couple thousand in Sichuan.",bib1214,yes +5132-speakers-2,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Classified in Yi Nationality. About 15,000, most in Yunnan, and a couple thousand in Sichuan.",bib1214,yes 5132-speaker_number-3,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5132-speakers-3,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5132-speaker_number-4,5132,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Population 15,000 (Bradley 2007). Mostly in Yunnan, with about 2,000 in Pingjiang and Futian townships of Panzhihua (Bradley 2007).",bib67,no 5132-speakers-4,5132,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Population 15,000 (Bradley 2007). Mostly in Yunnan, with about 2,000 in Pingjiang and Futian townships of Panzhihua (Bradley 2007).",bib67,no -5132-LEI-1,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5132-vitality-1,5132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5132-LEI-2,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan.",bib1205,yes -5132-vitality-2,5132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Language moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan.",bib1205,yes +5132-LEI-1,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5132-vitality-1,5132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5132-LEI-2,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan.",bib1214,yes +5132-vitality-2,5132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Language moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan.",bib1214,yes 5132-LEI-3,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5132-vitality-3,5132,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5132-LEI-4,5132,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan (2007).",bib67,no 5132-speaker_number_trends-4,5132,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan (2007).",bib67,no 5132-vitality-4,5132,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Moribund to extinct in Sichuan, potentially endangered to endangered in Yunnan (2007).",bib67,no -5134-location-1,5134,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9939, -62.1936]]}",,,bib5307,no -5134-location-2,5134,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -5134-location-3,5134,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1380,yes -5134-speaker_number-1,5134,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -5134-speakers-1,5134,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""88"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -5134-speaker_number-2,5134,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"4 (or 5) speakers, who are old",bib1380,yes -5134-speakers-2,5134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,"4 (or 5) speakers, who are old",bib1380,yes -5134-LEI-1,5134,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -5134-transmission-1,5134,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,no -5134-speaker_number_trends-1,5134,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,no -5134-vitality-1,5134,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,no -5134-LEI-2,5134,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1380,yes -5134-transmission-2,5134,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1380,yes -5134-speaker_number_trends-2,5134,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1380,yes -5134-vitality-2,5134,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1380,yes -514-context-1,514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1114,yes -514-context-2,514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -514-location-1,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3291, -78.868], [43.0555, -80.1938]]}",,,bib1709,no -514-location-2,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""]}",,,bib2984,no +5134-location-1,5134,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9939, -62.1936]]}",,,bib5330,no +5134-location-2,5134,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +5134-location-3,5134,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1392,yes +5134-speaker_number-1,5134,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +5134-speakers-1,5134,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""88"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +5134-speaker_number-2,5134,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"4 (or 5) speakers, who are old",bib1392,yes +5134-speakers-2,5134,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,"4 (or 5) speakers, who are old",bib1392,yes +5134-LEI-1,5134,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +5134-transmission-1,5134,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,no +5134-speaker_number_trends-1,5134,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,no +5134-vitality-1,5134,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,no +5134-LEI-2,5134,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1392,yes +5134-transmission-2,5134,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1392,yes +5134-speaker_number_trends-2,5134,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1392,yes +5134-vitality-2,5134,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1392,yes +514-context-1,514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1123,yes +514-context-2,514,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +514-location-1,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.3291, -78.868], [43.0555, -80.1938]]}",,,bib1721,no +514-location-2,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""]}",,,bib2998,no 514-location-3,514,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.5, -77.5]]}",,,bib216,no -514-location-4,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""], ""Description"": ""In three reservation communities in New York: Cattaraugus, on Lake Erie; Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.""}",,,bib5217,no -514-speaker_number-1,514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""there are less than 50 speakers altogether"" (from personal communication from Wallace Chafe, 2007) (p. iv).",bib1114,yes -514-speakers-1,514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""there are less than 50 speakers altogether"" (from personal communication from Wallace Chafe, 2007) (p. iv).",bib1114,yes -514-speaker_number-2,514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2984,no -514-speakers-2,514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""several people""}",,,bib2984,no +514-location-4,514,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New York""], ""Description"": ""In three reservation communities in New York: Cattaraugus, on Lake Erie; Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.""}",,,bib5240,no +514-speaker_number-1,514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""there are less than 50 speakers altogether"" (from personal communication from Wallace Chafe, 2007) (p. iv).",bib1123,yes +514-speakers-1,514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""there are less than 50 speakers altogether"" (from personal communication from Wallace Chafe, 2007) (p. iv).",bib1123,yes +514-speaker_number-2,514,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2998,no +514-speakers-2,514,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""several people""}",,,bib2998,no 514-speaker_number-3,514,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"It is now spoken by about 100 people in three reservation communities in New York: Cattaraugus, on Lake Erie; -Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.",bib5217,no +Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.",bib5240,no 514-speakers-3,514,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""The youngest speaker is in his 50s."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"It is now spoken by about 100 people in three reservation communities in New York: Cattaraugus, on Lake Erie; -Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.",bib5217,no -514-LEI-1,514,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1114,yes -514-transmission-1,514,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1114,yes -514-speaker_number_trends-1,514,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1114,yes -514-vitality-1,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1114,yes -514-LEI-2,514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -514-transmission-2,514,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2984,no -514-vitality-2,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2984,no -514-LEI-3,514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -514-transmission-3,514,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5217,no -514-vitality-3,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,no -5145-location-1,5145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.728803, -73.920783]]}",,,bib7945,no +Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.",bib5240,no +514-LEI-1,514,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1123,yes +514-transmission-1,514,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1123,yes +514-speaker_number_trends-1,514,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1123,yes +514-vitality-1,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1123,yes +514-LEI-2,514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +514-transmission-2,514,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib2998,no +514-vitality-2,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2998,no +514-LEI-3,514,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +514-transmission-3,514,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5240,no +514-vitality-3,514,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,no +5145-location-1,5145,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.728803, -73.920783]]}",,,bib7970,no 5145-location-2,5145,location,"{""Places"": [""Loreto Region, Maynas province, Nanay river headwaters.""]}",,,bib68,yes 5145-speakers-1,5145,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,Last speaker died in the late 1980s or early 1990s.,bib68,yes 5145-LEI-1,5145,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,yes 5145-vitality-1,5145,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,yes 5146-location-1,5146,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.02, 93.81]]}",,,bib75,no -5146-location-2,5146,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nicobar Islands, hinterland of Great Nicobar island.""}",,,bib7525,no +5146-location-2,5146,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nicobar Islands, hinterland of Great Nicobar island.""}",,,bib7550,no 5146-location-3,5146,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nicobar Islands, interior Great Nicobar Island.""}",,,bib67,no 5146-speaker_number-1,5146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5146-speakers-1,5146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""223"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5146-speaker_number-2,5146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3266,yes -5146-speakers-2,5146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3266,yes +5146-speaker_number-2,5146,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3282,yes +5146-speakers-2,5146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300-400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3282,yes 5146-speaker_number-4,5146,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5146-speakers-4,5146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 5146-LEI-1,5146,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5146-vitality-1,5146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5146-LEI-2,5146,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -5146-transmission-2,5146,transmission,1,transmission-1,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes -5146-vitality-2,5146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,yes +5146-LEI-2,5146,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +5146-transmission-2,5146,transmission,1,transmission-1,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes +5146-vitality-2,5146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,There are indications that the language is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,yes 5146-LEI-3,5146,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5146-vitality-3,5146,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5147-context-1,5147,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind], Papuan Malay [pmy]""}",,,bib69,yes @@ -52425,126 +52611,126 @@ Allegany, in Salamanca; and Tonawanda, near Buffalo.",bib5217,no 5147-LEI-2,5147,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most domains.,bib69,yes 5147-domains_of_use-2,5147,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Most domains.,bib69,yes 5147-vitality-2,5147,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most domains.,bib69,yes -5147-LEI-3,5147,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -5147-transmission-3,5147,transmission,0,transmission-0,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -5147-vitality-3,5147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3266,no -5148-context-1,5148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tofanma, Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All speakers are bilingual in Tofanma.,bib3266,yes -5148-speaker_number-1,5148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3266,yes -5148-speakers-1,5148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3266,yes -5148-LEI-1,5148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3266,yes -5148-transmission-1,5148,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3266,yes -5148-vitality-1,5148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3266,yes +5147-LEI-3,5147,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +5147-transmission-3,5147,transmission,0,transmission-0,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +5147-vitality-3,5147,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Kimki is being transmitted to children.,bib3282,no +5148-context-1,5148,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tofanma, Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All speakers are bilingual in Tofanma.,bib3282,yes +5148-speaker_number-1,5148,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib3282,yes +5148-speakers-1,5148,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib3282,yes +5148-LEI-1,5148,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3282,yes +5148-transmission-1,5148,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3282,yes +5148-vitality-1,5148,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The youngest generations are not learning the Namla language fluently, but are using Indonesian instead.",bib3282,yes 5149-context-1,5149,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin [tpi], Walio [wla]""}",,,bib69,no -5149-context-2,5149,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yahapiri, Tok Pisin""}",,"The adult Pai male speakers know a trade language named Yahapiri by means of which they communicate with Walio speakers and also the Sepik Iwam speakers at Hauna. The younger generation knows Yahapiri to a very limited extent, and we predict it will die out and eventually be replaced by Tok Pisin.",bib1794,yes -5149-location-1,5149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51867, 142.2774]]}",,,bib7945,no +5149-context-2,5149,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yahapiri, Tok Pisin""}",,"The adult Pai male speakers know a trade language named Yahapiri by means of which they communicate with Walio speakers and also the Sepik Iwam speakers at Hauna. The younger generation knows Yahapiri to a very limited extent, and we predict it will die out and eventually be replaced by Tok Pisin.",bib1806,yes +5149-location-1,5149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.51867, 142.2774]]}",,,bib7970,no 5149-location-2,5149,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""East Sepik Province, Ambunti-Dreikikir district, Hauna village and Walio river.""}",,,bib69,no -5149-location-3,5149,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Malibutuni, Meiwini, Neiyaro, Pi No. 1, and Pi No. 2.""}",,,bib4545,no -5149-location-4,5149,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The majority of speakers \""live in the village of Pei, which is a resettlement area on a large hill (hummock) in the midst of a sago swamp. Pei consists of all the former residents of Pi No. 1 and Pi No.2. Another group lives at Paru, on the tributary of the Wogamus River between Biaga and Sio.\""""}",,,bib1794,yes +5149-location-3,5149,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""5 villages: Malibutuni, Meiwini, Neiyaro, Pi No. 1, and Pi No. 2.""}",,,bib4566,no +5149-location-4,5149,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The majority of speakers \""live in the village of Pei, which is a resettlement area on a large hill (hummock) in the midst of a sago swamp. Pei consists of all the former residents of Pi No. 1 and Pi No.2. Another group lives at Paru, on the tributary of the Wogamus River between Biaga and Sio.\""""}",,,bib1806,yes 5149-speaker_number-1,5149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5149-speakers-1,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5149-speaker_number-2,5149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,census,bib69,no 5149-speakers-2,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,census,bib69,no -5149-speaker_number-3,5149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,no -5149-speakers-3,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,no -5149-speaker_number-4,5149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A number of people have died from illness, which probably accounts for the higher population figure of 208 given in Laycock (1973).",bib1794,yes -5149-speakers-4,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A number of people have died from illness, which probably accounts for the higher population figure of 208 given in Laycock (1973).",bib1794,yes +5149-speaker_number-3,5149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,no +5149-speakers-3,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,no +5149-speaker_number-4,5149,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A number of people have died from illness, which probably accounts for the higher population figure of 208 given in Laycock (1973).",bib1806,yes +5149-speakers-4,5149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A number of people have died from illness, which probably accounts for the higher population figure of 208 given in Laycock (1973).",bib1806,yes 5149-LEI-1,5149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5149-vitality-1,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5149-LEI-2,5149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5149-vitality-2,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5149-LEI-3,5149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -5149-vitality-3,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -5149-LEI-4,5149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1794,yes -5149-vitality-4,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1794,yes -515-context-1,515,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Adults are different from children in that the Truku language is a significant part of their identity that cannot be easily forsaken. In contrast, younger generations are prone to be integrated into Mandarin \nenvironments because their motivation to learn or maintain Truku is comparatively low.\"" (p.162)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""[The] indigenous language education (one hour weekly) has been in force in elementary schools since 2001 in Taiwan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mandarin is used in all sorts of domains, including school, church, and home, and is perceived as socioeconomically advantageous.",bib7190,yes -515-context-2,515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""The entire community can generally speak Mandarin. The elderly population can also speak Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""Not one of the 10 officially recognized aboriginal languages in Taiwan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community""}",,,bib7436,no -515-location-1,515,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""\""Seediq dialects are spoken in the area north of Wushe village and in the valleys to the east and northeast of the village, as well as throughout the Central Mountain Range, as far as Truku Gorge and the Pacific coast\"" (p.1)"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.081, 121.611]]}",,"Spoken in Nantou and Hualien in Taiwan. This research was conducted in Qowgan, one of the eight Truku villages in Hualien county, eastern Taiwan.",bib7190,yes -515-location-2,515,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""20,000 community members in Hualian prefecture and about 5,000 community members in Nantou prefecture."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.77, 121.35], [23.84, 120.99]]}",,,bib7436,no -515-speakers-1,515,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011""}",,"""[T]he current indigenous younger generations [below 40] are not able to speak their own imperiled tongues, nor are elderly speakers transmitting their languages to the next generations."" (p.11) [Ethnic population number from CIP, 2011.]",bib7190,yes -515-speaker_number-2,515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While most sources list the ethnic population, there is relatively little information on native speakers.",bib7436,no -515-speakers-2,515,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While most sources list the ethnic population, there is relatively little information on native speakers.",bib7436,no -515-LEI-1,515,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7190,yes -515-transmission-1,515,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7190,yes -515-domains_of_use-1,515,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7190,yes -515-speaker_number_trends-1,515,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7190,yes -515-vitality-1,515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7190,yes -515-LEI-2,515,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7436,no -515-transmission-2,515,transmission,3,transmission-3,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7436,no -515-domains_of_use-2,515,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7436,no -515-vitality-2,515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7436,no -5152-location-1,5152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +5149-LEI-3,5149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +5149-vitality-3,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +5149-LEI-4,5149,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1806,yes +5149-vitality-4,5149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1806,yes +515-context-1,515,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""almost all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""Adults are different from children in that the Truku language is a significant part of their identity that cannot be easily forsaken. In contrast, younger generations are prone to be integrated into Mandarin \nenvironments because their motivation to learn or maintain Truku is comparatively low.\"" (p.162)"", ""Institutional Support"": ""[The] indigenous language education (one hour weekly) has been in force in elementary schools since 2001 in Taiwan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Mandarin is used in all sorts of domains, including school, church, and home, and is perceived as socioeconomically advantageous.",bib7214,yes +515-context-2,515,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""The entire community can generally speak Mandarin. The elderly population can also speak Japanese"", ""Government Support"": ""Not one of the 10 officially recognized aboriginal languages in Taiwan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The entire community""}",,,bib7460,no +515-location-1,515,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""\""Seediq dialects are spoken in the area north of Wushe village and in the valleys to the east and northeast of the village, as well as throughout the Central Mountain Range, as far as Truku Gorge and the Pacific coast\"" (p.1)"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.081, 121.611]]}",,"Spoken in Nantou and Hualien in Taiwan. This research was conducted in Qowgan, one of the eight Truku villages in Hualien county, eastern Taiwan.",bib7214,yes +515-location-2,515,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""20,000 community members in Hualian prefecture and about 5,000 community members in Nantou prefecture."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.77, 121.35], [23.84, 120.99]]}",,,bib7460,no +515-speakers-1,515,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""24,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011""}",,"""[T]he current indigenous younger generations [below 40] are not able to speak their own imperiled tongues, nor are elderly speakers transmitting their languages to the next generations."" (p.11) [Ethnic population number from CIP, 2011.]",bib7214,yes +515-speaker_number-2,515,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While most sources list the ethnic population, there is relatively little information on native speakers.",bib7460,no +515-speakers-2,515,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While most sources list the ethnic population, there is relatively little information on native speakers.",bib7460,no +515-LEI-1,515,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7214,yes +515-transmission-1,515,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7214,yes +515-domains_of_use-1,515,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7214,yes +515-speaker_number_trends-1,515,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7214,yes +515-vitality-1,515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Truku is restricted to the family domain or among seniors who are still competent in Truku use. However, the subjects below age 25 do not speak Truku in any domain; they report zero Truku dominance in their daily life."" (p.155)",bib7214,yes +515-LEI-2,515,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7460,no +515-transmission-2,515,transmission,3,transmission-3,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7460,no +515-domains_of_use-2,515,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7460,no +515-vitality-2,515,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The current generation usually cannot speak Seediq (younger than 20). Chinese (Mandarin) has been the language of school education and mass media for nearly 50 years.,bib7460,no +5152-location-1,5152,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 5152-speaker_number-1,5152,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Um caso de opção pelo isolamento na região do Tanaru, sul do estado de Rondônia. Trata-se não de uma sociedade, mas de um único homem sobrevivente. Tudo leva a crer que o seu povo desapareceu devido à violência e à ganância dos pecuaristas que ocuparam a região. Desde 1996, a FUNAI vem tentando lhe oferecer assistência, mas todas as vezes que seu acampamento foi identificado, ele o abandonava. Mostrou-se absolutamente avesso ao contato. [A case of isolation in the region of Tanaru, south of the state of Rondônia. This is not about a society, but about one surviving man. Everything suggests that his people disappeared due to violence and greed from the ranchers who occupied the region. Since 1996, FUNAI has been trying to offer assistance, but every time his camp was identified, he abandoned it. He proved absolutely adverse to contact.] https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/c/no-brasil-atual/quem-sao/Indios-isolados (accessed 06-07-2016).",bib169,no 5152-speakers-1,5152,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Um caso de opção pelo isolamento na região do Tanaru, sul do estado de Rondônia. Trata-se não de uma sociedade, mas de um único homem sobrevivente. Tudo leva a crer que o seu povo desapareceu devido à violência e à ganância dos pecuaristas que ocuparam a região. Desde 1996, a FUNAI vem tentando lhe oferecer assistência, mas todas as vezes que seu acampamento foi identificado, ele o abandonava. Mostrou-se absolutamente avesso ao contato. [A case of isolation in the region of Tanaru, south of the state of Rondônia. This is not about a society, but about one surviving man. Everything suggests that his people disappeared due to violence and greed from the ranchers who occupied the region. Since 1996, FUNAI has been trying to offer assistance, but every time his camp was identified, he abandoned it. He proved absolutely adverse to contact.] https://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/c/no-brasil-atual/quem-sao/Indios-isolados (accessed 06-07-2016).",bib169,no -5152-speaker_number-2,5152,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,yes -5152-speakers-2,5152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,yes +5152-speaker_number-2,5152,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,yes +5152-speakers-2,5152,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,yes 5152-LEI-1,5152,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib169,no 5152-transmission-1,5152,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib169,no 5152-speaker_number_trends-1,5152,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib169,no 5152-vitality-1,5152,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib169,no -5152-LEI-2,5152,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -5152-transmission-2,5152,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,yes -5152-speaker_number_trends-2,5152,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,yes -5152-vitality-2,5152,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,yes -5153-location-1,5153,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.1179, -77.7429]]}",,,bib5307,no +5152-LEI-2,5152,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +5152-transmission-2,5152,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,yes +5152-speaker_number_trends-2,5152,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,yes +5152-vitality-2,5152,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,yes +5153-location-1,5153,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.1179, -77.7429]]}",,,bib5330,no 5153-location-2,5153,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.83333333333, -77.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,yes 5153-location-3,5153,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Panama""]}",,,bib67,no -5153-speaker_number-1,5153,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -5153-speakers-1,5153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""117,485"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +5153-speaker_number-1,5153,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +5153-speakers-1,5153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""117,485"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 5153-speaker_number-2,5153,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,500 in Panama (2000).",bib67,no 5153-speakers-2,5153,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,500 in Panama (2000).",bib67,no -5153-LEI-1,5153,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5153-vitality-1,5153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5153-LEI-1,5153,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5153-vitality-1,5153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5153-LEI-2,5153,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5153-vitality-2,5153,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5155-location-1,5155,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Vaupés and Amazonas departments, Guacayá and Oiyaka rivers (tributaries of the Mirití-Paraná), Mirití-Paraná, Apaporis, and Popeyaca rivers near the mouth of the Pira River below Popeyaca.",bib68,no -5155-location-2,5155,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8132,no +5155-location-2,5155,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib8157,no 5155-location-3,5155,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5, -70.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5155-location-4,5155,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +5155-location-4,5155,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 5155-speaker_number-1,5155,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300 total. 180 Tanimuca. Retuarã more monolingual than Tanimuca. Ethnic population: 1,800. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 5155-speakers-1,5155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976 (speakers), 2007 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""300?""}",,"300 total. 180 Tanimuca. Retuarã more monolingual than Tanimuca. Ethnic population: 1,800. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no -5155-speaker_number-2,5155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 400-500; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,247; Censo 2005: 342.",bib8132,no -5155-speakers-2,5155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,247"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 400-500; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,247; Censo 2005: 342.",bib8132,no -5155-speaker_number-3,5155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The language is no longer spoken near non-indigenous villages.,bib1902,yes -5155-speakers-3,5155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1952"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,952"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The language is no longer spoken near non-indigenous villages.,bib1902,yes +5155-speaker_number-2,5155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 400-500; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,247; Censo 2005: 342.",bib8157,no +5155-speakers-2,5155,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,247"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Instituto Caro y Cuervo 2000: 400-500; Arango y Sánchez 2004: 1,247; Censo 2005: 342.",bib8157,no +5155-speaker_number-3,5155,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The language is no longer spoken near non-indigenous villages.,bib1914,yes +5155-speakers-3,5155,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1952"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,952"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The language is no longer spoken near non-indigenous villages.,bib1914,yes 5155-LEI-1,5155,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 5155-vitality-1,5155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -5155-LEI-2,5155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8132,no -5155-vitality-2,5155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8132,no -5155-LEI-3,5155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -5155-vitality-3,5155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -5159-location-1,5159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.491972, -76.244411]]}",,,bib7945,no +5155-LEI-2,5155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8157,no +5155-vitality-2,5155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8157,no +5155-LEI-3,5155,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +5155-vitality-3,5155,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +5159-location-1,5159,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.491972, -76.244411]]}",,,bib7970,no 5159-location-2,5159,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib233,no 5159-location-3,5159,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Lower Putumayo, tributaries of Caquet\u00e1 River.""}",,"Lower Putumayo Department, tributaries of Caquetá River.",bib67,no 5159-speaker_number-1,5159,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 5159-speakers-1,5159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 5159-speakers-2,5159,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013""}",,"En las referencias de Friede (1945) sobre los macaguajes se advierte que desaparecieron hace muy poco tiempo y que los últimos representantes de esta etnia se habrían fusionado con los siona del Alto Putumayo (p.208). -[In references from Friede (1945) on Macaguajes it is observed that they disappeared a very short time ago and that the last representatives of this ethnic group merged with Siona ofa the Alto Putumayo (p.208).]",bib4986,no -5159-speakers-3,5159,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1902,yes +[In references from Friede (1945) on Macaguajes it is observed that they disappeared a very short time ago and that the last representatives of this ethnic group merged with Siona ofa the Alto Putumayo (p.208).]",bib5008,no +5159-speakers-3,5159,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib1914,yes 5159-speakers-4,5159,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,"No known speakers. No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: 50 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).",bib67,no 5159-LEI-1,5159,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5159-vitality-1,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5159-LEI-2,5159,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4986,no -5159-vitality-2,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4986,no -5159-LEI-3,5159,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1902,yes -5159-vitality-3,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1902,yes +5159-LEI-2,5159,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5008,no +5159-vitality-2,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5008,no +5159-LEI-3,5159,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1914,yes +5159-vitality-3,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1914,yes 5159-LEI-4,5159,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib67,no 5159-vitality-4,5159,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no 5162-context-1,5162,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waiwai""}",,"Mawayana: In Guyana: also use Waiwai. In Suriname: most also use Trió [tri]. Mapidian: In Brazil: Roraima state, with the Waiwai [waw].In Guyana: Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo region.",bib70,no 5162-location-1,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Guyana, living with the Waiwai. Roraima, with the Waiwai.""}",,"[mpw]: Roraima, with the Waiwai; [mzx]: Southwest Guyana, living with the Waiwai.",bib67,no 5162-location-2,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana, Suriname""]}",,"For Mawayana: In Guyana:Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo region: southwest, among the Waiwai [waw] language group. In Suriname: Sipaliwini district.",bib70,no -5162-location-3,5162,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5159, -58.4143]]}",,,bib5307,no -5162-location-4,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Guayana, Suriname""], ""Description"": ""There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. In Suriname, there are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.""}",,,bib1903,no -5162-location-5,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Suriname""], ""Description"": ""There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and two other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu . The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are\nin Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.""}",,,bib1902,no +5162-location-3,5162,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5159, -58.4143]]}",,,bib5330,no +5162-location-4,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Guayana, Suriname""], ""Description"": ""There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. In Suriname, there are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.""}",,,bib1915,no +5162-location-5,5162,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Suriname""], ""Description"": ""There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and two other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu . The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are\nin Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.""}",,,bib1914,no 5162-speaker_number-1,5162,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Ethnologue has two codes for apparently a single language, Madipian [mpw] in Brazil (with alternate name Mawayana) and Mawayana [mzx] for Guyana -- both said to be 50 people living with the Waiwai. Mawayana [mzx]: 50 in Guyana (1986 C. Howard); population total all countries: 60; @@ -52555,329 +52741,329 @@ Mawayana [mzx]: 50 in Guyana (1986 C. Howard); population total all countries: 6 Mapidian [mpw] (Mahuayana, Maiopitian, Maopityan, Mawayana): 10 in Brazil (Moore 2006).",bib67,no 5162-speaker_number-2,5162,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Ethnologue gives Mawayana [mzx] and Mapidian [mpw] as separate languages.,bib70,no 5162-speakers-2,5162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60 Mawayana [mzx], 10 Mapidian [mpw]"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Ethnologue gives Mawayana [mzx] and Mapidian [mpw] as separate languages.,bib70,no -5162-speaker_number-3,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -5162-speakers-3,5162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -5162-speaker_number-4,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population; Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80",bib1903,no -5162-speakers-4,5162,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""70 years old""}",,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population; Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80",bib1903,no +5162-speaker_number-3,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +5162-speakers-3,5162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +5162-speaker_number-4,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population; Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80",bib1915,no +5162-speakers-4,5162,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""70 years old""}",,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population; Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80",bib1915,no 5162-speaker_number-5,5162,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5162-speakers-5,5162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 5162-speaker_number-6,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Mawayana used to be spoken by a people of the same name in parts of Guyana and Brazil ... they ... merged with the larger Waiwai group in the early 20th century ... and have probably fully become Waiwai by the 1960s. But -while the Mawayana language is now all but forgotten in Guyana and Brazil, there are still native speakers left elsewhere, in Suriname. These were part of a group of Mawayana who were recruited in the late 1950s by an American missionary to help him convert the Trio people in southern Suriname ... Of this group, there are now only two elderly women left whose children and grandchildren do not speak Mawayana.",bib5158,yes +while the Mawayana language is now all but forgotten in Guyana and Brazil, there are still native speakers left elsewhere, in Suriname. These were part of a group of Mawayana who were recruited in the late 1950s by an American missionary to help him convert the Trio people in southern Suriname ... Of this group, there are now only two elderly women left whose children and grandchildren do not speak Mawayana.",bib5180,yes 5162-speakers-6,5162,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Mawayana used to be spoken by a people of the same name in parts of Guyana and Brazil ... they ... merged with the larger Waiwai group in the early 20th century ... and have probably fully become Waiwai by the 1960s. But -while the Mawayana language is now all but forgotten in Guyana and Brazil, there are still native speakers left elsewhere, in Suriname. These were part of a group of Mawayana who were recruited in the late 1950s by an American missionary to help him convert the Trio people in southern Suriname ... Of this group, there are now only two elderly women left whose children and grandchildren do not speak Mawayana.",bib5158,yes +while the Mawayana language is now all but forgotten in Guyana and Brazil, there are still native speakers left elsewhere, in Suriname. These were part of a group of Mawayana who were recruited in the late 1950s by an American missionary to help him convert the Trio people in southern Suriname ... Of this group, there are now only two elderly women left whose children and grandchildren do not speak Mawayana.",bib5180,yes 5162-speaker_number-7,5162,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population. Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80 population. -There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.",bib1902,no +There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.",bib1914,no 5162-speakers-7,5162,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60-80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Guyana: few remembers, ? population. Suriname: <5 speakers, 60-80 population. -There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.",bib1902,no +There are only a few rememberers of Mawayana among the Mawayana that live with the Waiwai of Guyana. There are only 3 Mawayana speakers and 2 other Mawayana with a good passive knowledge of their language in the Trio village Kwamalasamutu. The Mawayana are mixed with Waiwai and predominantly live among the Waiwai in Guyana; only a few are in Suriname. The Mawayana now speak Trio as their primary language.",bib1914,no 5162-LEI-1,5162,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5162-vitality-1,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5162-LEI-2,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 5162-transmission-2,5162,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 5162-speaker_number_trends-2,5162,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 5162-vitality-2,5162,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -5162-LEI-3,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5162-vitality-3,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5162-LEI-4,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -5162-vitality-4,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +5162-LEI-3,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5162-vitality-3,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5162-LEI-4,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +5162-vitality-4,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 5162-LEI-5,5162,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5162-vitality-5,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5162-LEI-6,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5158,yes -5162-vitality-6,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5158,yes -5162-LEI-7,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -5162-vitality-7,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +5162-LEI-6,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5180,yes +5162-vitality-6,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5180,yes +5162-LEI-7,5162,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +5162-vitality-7,5162,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 5166-context-1,5166,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,"Enxet Sur is still, in many communities, the dominant home language and the language of face to face communication. Although speakers of Enxet Sur may converse in Guaraní on occasion, most of the day-to-day communication in a community like El Estribo or Makxawaya occurs in Enxet Sur."" ""Enxet Sur has an officially recognized status under the 2010 Paraguayan Law of Languages (Ley de lenguas), which means that the government recognizes the existence of Enxet Sur as a distinct indigenous language and that it has some official responsibilities to protect the linguistic rights of speakers of the language, but this does not grant the language any kind of real “official” status."" ""The primary formal domain of use for the language is in religion. Most Enxet Sur churches are part of the Anglican communion, stemming from the historical missionization of the eastern Paraguayan Chaco by Anglican missionaries. Numerous Bible translations have been produced since the early 20th century, and Anglican hymnals are used in the churches which have songs in Enxet Sur, Guaraní, and Spanish. Church sermons and other church activities like the ordination of clergy are all conducted in Enxet Sur, albeit a variety with a lot of formulaic speech and unique lexical items which have developed within the church domain."" -""The use of Enxet Sur in education is generally quite minimal, despite some concerted efforts to improve the representation of the language in education.",bib2459,yes +""The use of Enxet Sur in education is generally quite minimal, despite some concerted efforts to improve the representation of the language in education.",bib2472,yes 5166-context-2,5166,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Guaran\u00ed, Spanish""}",,,bib67,no 5166-location-1,5166,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.5, -59.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5166-location-2,5166,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1902,no +5166-location-2,5166,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,,bib1914,no 5166-location-3,5166,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""], ""Description"": ""Chaco, Presidente Hayes Department, Boquer\u00f3n.""}",,"Presidente Hayes Department, Lolita and east to the Paraguay River.",bib67,no 5166-speaker_number-1,5166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""El censo de 2002 registra un total de 5.844 enxet, de los cuales 3.788 declaran hablar enxet en el hogar. De los demás, 2.084 hablarían guaraní, 288 enlhet, 21 toba-qom (familia guaykurú) y diez hablarían castellano en su casa."" -[The 2002 census reports a total of 5,844 Enxet, of whom 3,788 declare that they speak Enxet at home. Of the others, 2,084 would speak Guaraní, 288 Enlhet, 21 Toba-Qom (Guaikuruan), and 10 would speak Spanish at home.]",bib2545,no +[The 2002 census reports a total of 5,844 Enxet, of whom 3,788 declare that they speak Enxet at home. Of the others, 2,084 would speak Guaraní, 288 Enlhet, 21 Toba-Qom (Guaikuruan), and 10 would speak Spanish at home.]",bib2558,no 5166-speakers-1,5166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,844"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,788"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""El censo de 2002 registra un total de 5.844 enxet, de los cuales 3.788 declaran hablar enxet en el hogar. De los demás, 2.084 hablarían guaraní, 288 enlhet, 21 toba-qom (familia guaykurú) y diez hablarían castellano en su casa."" -[The 2002 census reports a total of 5,844 Enxet, of whom 3,788 declare that they speak Enxet at home. Of the others, 2,084 would speak Guaraní, 288 Enlhet, 21 Toba-Qom (Guaikuruan), and 10 would speak Spanish at home.]",bib2545,no -5166-speaker_number-2,5166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In reality, there are lots of reasons to be skeptical of these numbers or at least to not take them at face value. Despite an increase in population of almost 1500, the absolute number of speakers dropped by almost 900, which would mean that something like 15 percent of the 2002 population died between 2002 and 2012. This would require an average death rate exceeding 15 per 1,000, while the average death rate for Paraguay over a 20 year period has been around 5.5 (World Bank, 2018). The highest national crude death rate in the world is in Lesotho, with 15 per 1,000. Poverty and poor health outcomes in indigenous communities surely leads to higher mortality rates, but a 200 percent increase above the national average seems unlikely — in the U.S., by comparison, indigenous populations have on average a 30 percent higher overall mortality rate (Indian Health Service, 2019). In other words it is very likely that differences in the numbers between the 2002 and 2012 censuses were the result of more than just actual demographic changes, since the only real way to “lose” speakers is for them to die, and the death rate here to make the numbers work is improbable.",bib2459,yes -5166-speakers-2,5166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,627"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In reality, there are lots of reasons to be skeptical of these numbers or at least to not take them at face value. Despite an increase in population of almost 1500, the absolute number of speakers dropped by almost 900, which would mean that something like 15 percent of the 2002 population died between 2002 and 2012. This would require an average death rate exceeding 15 per 1,000, while the average death rate for Paraguay over a 20 year period has been around 5.5 (World Bank, 2018). The highest national crude death rate in the world is in Lesotho, with 15 per 1,000. Poverty and poor health outcomes in indigenous communities surely leads to higher mortality rates, but a 200 percent increase above the national average seems unlikely — in the U.S., by comparison, indigenous populations have on average a 30 percent higher overall mortality rate (Indian Health Service, 2019). In other words it is very likely that differences in the numbers between the 2002 and 2012 censuses were the result of more than just actual demographic changes, since the only real way to “lose” speakers is for them to die, and the death rate here to make the numbers work is improbable.",bib2459,yes -5166-speaker_number-3,5166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -5166-speakers-3,5166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,842"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +[The 2002 census reports a total of 5,844 Enxet, of whom 3,788 declare that they speak Enxet at home. Of the others, 2,084 would speak Guaraní, 288 Enlhet, 21 Toba-Qom (Guaikuruan), and 10 would speak Spanish at home.]",bib2558,no +5166-speaker_number-2,5166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In reality, there are lots of reasons to be skeptical of these numbers or at least to not take them at face value. Despite an increase in population of almost 1500, the absolute number of speakers dropped by almost 900, which would mean that something like 15 percent of the 2002 population died between 2002 and 2012. This would require an average death rate exceeding 15 per 1,000, while the average death rate for Paraguay over a 20 year period has been around 5.5 (World Bank, 2018). The highest national crude death rate in the world is in Lesotho, with 15 per 1,000. Poverty and poor health outcomes in indigenous communities surely leads to higher mortality rates, but a 200 percent increase above the national average seems unlikely — in the U.S., by comparison, indigenous populations have on average a 30 percent higher overall mortality rate (Indian Health Service, 2019). In other words it is very likely that differences in the numbers between the 2002 and 2012 censuses were the result of more than just actual demographic changes, since the only real way to “lose” speakers is for them to die, and the death rate here to make the numbers work is improbable.",bib2472,yes +5166-speakers-2,5166,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,627"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In reality, there are lots of reasons to be skeptical of these numbers or at least to not take them at face value. Despite an increase in population of almost 1500, the absolute number of speakers dropped by almost 900, which would mean that something like 15 percent of the 2002 population died between 2002 and 2012. This would require an average death rate exceeding 15 per 1,000, while the average death rate for Paraguay over a 20 year period has been around 5.5 (World Bank, 2018). The highest national crude death rate in the world is in Lesotho, with 15 per 1,000. Poverty and poor health outcomes in indigenous communities surely leads to higher mortality rates, but a 200 percent increase above the national average seems unlikely — in the U.S., by comparison, indigenous populations have on average a 30 percent higher overall mortality rate (Indian Health Service, 2019). In other words it is very likely that differences in the numbers between the 2002 and 2012 censuses were the result of more than just actual demographic changes, since the only real way to “lose” speakers is for them to die, and the death rate here to make the numbers work is improbable.",bib2472,yes +5166-speaker_number-3,5166,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +5166-speakers-3,5166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,930"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,842"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 5166-speaker_number-4,5166,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"5,840 (2002 census) (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no 5166-speakers-4,5166,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"5,840 (2002 census) (Unchanged 2016).",bib67,no -5166-LEI-1,5166,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2545,no -5166-vitality-1,5166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2545,no +5166-LEI-1,5166,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2558,no +5166-vitality-1,5166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2558,no 5166-LEI-2,5166,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[T]here is a great range in the speaker percentages between different communities. This reflects the fact that in some communities, intergenerational transmission of the Enxet Sur language largely ceased, while in others, children still grow up speaking the language as their first language."" -""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2459,yes +""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2472,yes 5166-transmission-2,5166,transmission,1,transmission-1,"[T]here is a great range in the speaker percentages between different communities. This reflects the fact that in some communities, intergenerational transmission of the Enxet Sur language largely ceased, while in others, children still grow up speaking the language as their first language."" -""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2459,yes +""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2472,yes 5166-domains_of_use-2,5166,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[T]here is a great range in the speaker percentages between different communities. This reflects the fact that in some communities, intergenerational transmission of the Enxet Sur language largely ceased, while in others, children still grow up speaking the language as their first language."" -""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2459,yes +""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2472,yes 5166-speaker_number_trends-2,5166,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"[T]here is a great range in the speaker percentages between different communities. This reflects the fact that in some communities, intergenerational transmission of the Enxet Sur language largely ceased, while in others, children still grow up speaking the language as their first language."" -""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2459,yes +""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2472,yes 5166-vitality-2,5166,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"[T]here is a great range in the speaker percentages between different communities. This reflects the fact that in some communities, intergenerational transmission of the Enxet Sur language largely ceased, while in others, children still grow up speaking the language as their first language."" -""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2459,yes -5166-LEI-3,5166,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -5166-vitality-3,5166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +""Differences in rates of intergenerational transmission, however, can be observed between different villages, even within the community of El Estribo. While most villages are predominantly Enxet Sur speaking, others are predominantly Guaraní speaking. Despite the relative closeness of the villages, a child growing up in one of the predomi- nantly Guaraní speaking villages is unlikely to acquire any substantial amount of Enxet Sur. Because essentially all Enxet Sur speakers are at least second language speakers of Guaraní, if not synchronous bilinguals, marriage or other cohabitation between an Enxet Sur speaker and a non-speaker often leads to the more-or-less exclusive use of Guaraní within a household, and because most villages are made up of extended family units, this appears to suggest that the introduction of a few non-speakers into an extended family through marriage can lead to a cessation in intergenerational transmission in a relatively short period of time.",bib2472,yes +5166-LEI-3,5166,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +5166-vitality-3,5166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 5166-LEI-4,5166,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5166-vitality-4,5166,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5168-context-1,5168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu; Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib7103,no -5168-context-2,5168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Lisu""}",,,bib1205,yes -5168-location-1,5168,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""N\u00f9ji\u0101ng Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u7701\u6012\u6c5f\u5088\u50f3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u862d\u576a\u767d\u65cf\u666e\u7c73\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23\u5154\u5ce8\u5730\u5340\u703e\u6ec4\u6c5f\u5169\u5cb8\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u7018\u6c34\u7e23\u9b6f\u638c\u6c34\u5229\u5be8\u548c\u516d\u5eab\u93ae\u4e09\u5bb6\u6751)"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.199, 99.231]]}",,,bib7103,no -5168-location-2,5168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.1554, 99.2944]]}",,,bib5307,no -5168-location-3,5168,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Lanping, Lushui, Yunlong counties.""}",,"2,100 group members, 1,800 in Lanping, most of the rest in Lushui.",bib1205,yes +5168-context-1,5168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu; Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib7127,no +5168-context-2,5168,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, Lisu""}",,,bib1214,yes +5168-location-1,5168,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""N\u00f9ji\u0101ng Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province (\u96f2\u5357\u7701\u6012\u6c5f\u5088\u50f3\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u862d\u576a\u767d\u65cf\u666e\u7c73\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23\u5154\u5ce8\u5730\u5340\u703e\u6ec4\u6c5f\u5169\u5cb8\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u7018\u6c34\u7e23\u9b6f\u638c\u6c34\u5229\u5be8\u548c\u516d\u5eab\u93ae\u4e09\u5bb6\u6751)"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.199, 99.231]]}",,,bib7127,no +5168-location-2,5168,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.1554, 99.2944]]}",,,bib5330,no +5168-location-3,5168,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Lanping, Lushui, Yunlong counties.""}",,"2,100 group members, 1,800 in Lanping, most of the rest in Lushui.",bib1214,yes 5168-location-4,5168,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -5168-speaker_number-1,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7103,no -5168-speakers-1,5168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7103,no -5168-speaker_number-2,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5168-speakers-2,5168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5168-speaker_number-3,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"One of four groups classified as part of the Nu Nationality (pop. 28,759).",bib1205,yes -5168-speakers-3,5168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"One of four groups classified as part of the Nu Nationality (pop. 28,759).",bib1205,yes +5168-speaker_number-1,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7127,no +5168-speakers-1,5168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7127,no +5168-speaker_number-2,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5168-speakers-2,5168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5168-speaker_number-3,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"One of four groups classified as part of the Nu Nationality (pop. 28,759).",bib1214,yes +5168-speakers-3,5168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"One of four groups classified as part of the Nu Nationality (pop. 28,759).",bib1214,yes 5168-speaker_number-4,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5168-speakers-4,5168,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5168-speaker_number-5,5168,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data on speaker number: (Bradley 2007). About 10% monolingual, mainly older adults. Ethnic population: 2,500 (1999 Sun Hongkai)",bib67,no 5168-speakers-5,5168,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data on speaker number: (Bradley 2007). About 10% monolingual, mainly older adults. Ethnic population: 2,500 (1999 Sun Hongkai)",bib67,no -5168-LEI-1,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7103,no -5168-vitality-1,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7103,no -5168-LEI-2,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5168-vitality-2,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5168-LEI-3,5168,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1205,yes -5168-transmission-3,5168,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1205,yes -5168-vitality-3,5168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1205,yes +5168-LEI-1,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7127,no +5168-vitality-1,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7127,no +5168-LEI-2,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5168-vitality-2,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5168-LEI-3,5168,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1214,yes +5168-transmission-3,5168,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1214,yes +5168-vitality-3,5168,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Old people can speak, but many young people are semi-speakers or do not speak it at all.",bib1214,yes 5168-LEI-4,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5168-vitality-4,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5168-LEI-5,5168,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5168-vitality-5,5168,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5170-context-1,5170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Young parents are reluctant to pass on the language to their children, as it is felt to socially stigmatize them. Children are thus mainly brought up in Spanish, and acquire only a passive competence in Harakmbut.""}",,,bib7530,yes -5170-location-1,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Indigenous communities in the Madre de Dios and Cusco departamentos, along the Madre de Dios River and upper tributaries including the Colorado River""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.77, 70.81]]}",,,bib7530,yes -5170-location-2,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the headwaters of the Madre de Dios River up to the Pi\u00f1i Pi\u00f1i River, on the left bank; all of the right bank of the Upper and Lower Madre de Dios up to the Inambari River; at the headwaters of the Inambairi; at the mouths of the Los Amigos and the Manu rivers; and at Colorado, Chivile, Malinousquillo, Puquiri, and Huari Huari rivers, all in Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +5170-context-1,5170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Young parents are reluctant to pass on the language to their children, as it is felt to socially stigmatize them. Children are thus mainly brought up in Spanish, and acquire only a passive competence in Harakmbut.""}",,,bib7555,yes +5170-location-1,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Indigenous communities in the Madre de Dios and Cusco departamentos, along the Madre de Dios River and upper tributaries including the Colorado River""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.77, 70.81]]}",,,bib7555,yes +5170-location-2,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken at the headwaters of the Madre de Dios River up to the Pi\u00f1i Pi\u00f1i River, on the left bank; all of the right bank of the Upper and Lower Madre de Dios up to the Inambari River; at the headwaters of the Inambairi; at the mouths of the Los Amigos and the Manu rivers; and at Colorado, Chivile, Malinousquillo, Puquiri, and Huari Huari rivers, all in Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 5170-location-3,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.5, -70.5]]}",,"Mosely 2010: -12.9403,-70.2685",bib216,no -5170-location-4,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no +5170-location-4,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no 5170-location-5,5170,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Coordinates"": [[-13.366, -71.166]]}",,"Amarakaeri: Madre de Dios and Colorado rivers. Huachipaeri [hug]: Cusco Region, upper Madre de Dios and Keros rivers.",bib67,no -5170-speaker_number-1,5170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7530,yes -5170-speakers-1,5170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Est. 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7530,yes -5170-speaker_number-2,5170,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -5170-speakers-2,5170,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no +5170-speaker_number-1,5170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7555,yes +5170-speakers-1,5170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Est. 1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7555,yes +5170-speaker_number-2,5170,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +5170-speakers-2,5170,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1206"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,206"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no 5170-speaker_number-3,5170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Harakmbet languages: Amarakaeri [amr]: 500; Huachipaeri [hug]: 310; total 810. (2016 unchanged for Huachipaeri [hug]; Amarakaeri [amr] 1910 (from 2007 census), ethnic population: 1,620.)",bib67,no 5170-speakers-3,5170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Amarakaeri (1987), Huachipaeri (2000)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes two Harakmbet languages: Amarakaeri [amr]: 500; Huachipaeri [hug]: 310; total 810. (2016 unchanged for Huachipaeri [hug]; Amarakaeri [amr] 1910 (from 2007 census), ethnic population: 1,620.)",bib67,no -5170-LEI-1,5170,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7530,yes -5170-transmission-1,5170,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7530,yes -5170-speaker_number_trends-1,5170,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7530,yes -5170-vitality-1,5170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7530,yes -5170-LEI-2,5170,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -5170-vitality-2,5170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +5170-LEI-1,5170,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7555,yes +5170-transmission-1,5170,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib7555,yes +5170-speaker_number_trends-1,5170,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib7555,yes +5170-vitality-1,5170,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7555,yes +5170-LEI-2,5170,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +5170-vitality-2,5170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 5170-LEI-3,5170,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5170-vitality-3,5170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5172-context-1,5172,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1205,yes -5172-location-1,5172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5623, 102.8506]]}",,,bib5307,no -5172-location-2,5172,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Yongsheng, Ninglang, Huaping counties. Mainly in four villages of Liude Township in northeastern Yongsheng, also in adjacent parts of Ninglangping Township of southern Ninglang, and Tongda Township in northeastern Huaping.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5172-speaker_number-1,5172,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. 10,138 Talu population. Language closely related to Lolopho.",bib1205,yes -5172-speakers-1,5172,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,138"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,138"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. 10,138 Talu population. Language closely related to Lolopho.",bib1205,yes -5172-LEI-1,5172,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5172-vitality-1,5172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5173-context-1,5173,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"This group is said to be descendants of a Chinese army sent to the area many centuries ago, who married local Yi women.",bib1205,yes -5173-location-1,5173,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Zhenkang County"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.762, 98.825]]}",,Not to be confused with the distinct group Samataw in the Kunming area,bib1205,yes -5173-speaker_number-1,5173,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 7,500. Language is unstudied and moribund.",bib1205,yes -5173-speakers-1,5173,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 7,500. Language is unstudied and moribund.",bib1205,yes -5173-LEI-1,5173,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5173-transmission-1,5173,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,yes -5173-speaker_number_trends-1,5173,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -5173-vitality-1,5173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes -5175-context-1,5175,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"Long-term Bai cultural influence, also in contact with Naxi.",bib1205,yes -5175-location-1,5175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.0863, 99.7119]]}",,,bib5307,no -5175-location-2,5175,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Lijiang County, southern Tai'an Township. Eight villages. Also a few in adjacent areas of Jianchuan county.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5175-speaker_number-1,5175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 947 in eight villages.,bib1205,yes -5175-speakers-1,5175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""947"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""947"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 947 in eight villages.,bib1205,yes -5175-LEI-1,5175,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5175-speaker_number_trends-1,5175,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5175-vitality-1,5175,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5177-location-1,5177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.43333, 144.1333]]}",,,bib7945,no +5172-context-1,5172,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1214,yes +5172-location-1,5172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5623, 102.8506]]}",,,bib5330,no +5172-location-2,5172,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Yongsheng, Ninglang, Huaping counties. Mainly in four villages of Liude Township in northeastern Yongsheng, also in adjacent parts of Ninglangping Township of southern Ninglang, and Tongda Township in northeastern Huaping.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5172-speaker_number-1,5172,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. 10,138 Talu population. Language closely related to Lolopho.",bib1214,yes +5172-speakers-1,5172,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,138"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,138"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. 10,138 Talu population. Language closely related to Lolopho.",bib1214,yes +5172-LEI-1,5172,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5172-vitality-1,5172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5173-context-1,5173,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"This group is said to be descendants of a Chinese army sent to the area many centuries ago, who married local Yi women.",bib1214,yes +5173-location-1,5173,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Zhenkang County"", ""Coordinates"": [[23.762, 98.825]]}",,Not to be confused with the distinct group Samataw in the Kunming area,bib1214,yes +5173-speaker_number-1,5173,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 7,500. Language is unstudied and moribund.",bib1214,yes +5173-speakers-1,5173,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 7,500. Language is unstudied and moribund.",bib1214,yes +5173-LEI-1,5173,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5173-transmission-1,5173,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,yes +5173-speaker_number_trends-1,5173,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +5173-vitality-1,5173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes +5175-context-1,5175,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"Long-term Bai cultural influence, also in contact with Naxi.",bib1214,yes +5175-location-1,5175,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.0863, 99.7119]]}",,,bib5330,no +5175-location-2,5175,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Lijiang County, southern Tai'an Township. Eight villages. Also a few in adjacent areas of Jianchuan county.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5175-speaker_number-1,5175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 947 in eight villages.,bib1214,yes +5175-speakers-1,5175,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""947"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""947"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Classified in the Yi Nationality. Group population 947 in eight villages.,bib1214,yes +5175-LEI-1,5175,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5175-speaker_number_trends-1,5175,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5175-vitality-1,5175,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Most including children can speak the language. Language is potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5177-location-1,5177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.43333, 144.1333]]}",,,bib7970,no 5177-speaker_number-1,5177,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,yes 5177-speakers-1,5177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data: (Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,yes 5177-LEI-1,5177,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5177-vitality-1,5177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5180-location-1,5180,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northern Miyi County, Puwei Township."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.045453, 101.969517]]}",,,bib1205,yes -5180-speaker_number-1,5180,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Small group of a few hundred. Language unstudied and moribund to extinct.,bib1205,yes -5180-speakers-1,5180,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Small group of a few hundred. Language unstudied and moribund to extinct.,bib1205,yes -5180-LEI-1,5180,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5180-vitality-1,5180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -5181-context-1,5181,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha""}",,Language being replaced by Akha.,bib1205,yes -5181-location-1,5181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.3833, 101.8166]]}",,,bib5307,no -5181-location-2,5181,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Western Phongsaly Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -5181-speaker_number-1,5181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Included in the Akha ethnic group.,bib1205,yes -5181-speakers-1,5181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Included in the Akha ethnic group.,bib1205,yes -5181-LEI-1,5181,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5181-vitality-1,5181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -5185-location-1,5185,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.8421, 100.6851]]}",,,bib5307,no -5185-location-2,5185,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Jinghong County. About 2,000 members of this group in Nanlianshan Township.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5185-speaker_number-1,5185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Classified in Hani Nationality.,bib1205,yes -5185-speakers-1,5185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Classified in Hani Nationality.,bib1205,yes -5185-LEI-1,5185,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5185-vitality-1,5185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5188-location-1,5188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.6833, 102.1]]}",,,bib5307,no -5188-location-2,5188,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Phongsaly Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +5180-location-1,5180,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan, China""], ""Description"": ""Northern Miyi County, Puwei Township."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.045453, 101.969517]]}",,,bib1214,yes +5180-speaker_number-1,5180,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Small group of a few hundred. Language unstudied and moribund to extinct.,bib1214,yes +5180-speakers-1,5180,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Small group of a few hundred. Language unstudied and moribund to extinct.,bib1214,yes +5180-LEI-1,5180,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5180-vitality-1,5180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +5181-context-1,5181,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akha""}",,Language being replaced by Akha.,bib1214,yes +5181-location-1,5181,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.3833, 101.8166]]}",,,bib5330,no +5181-location-2,5181,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Western Phongsaly Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +5181-speaker_number-1,5181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Included in the Akha ethnic group.,bib1214,yes +5181-speakers-1,5181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Included in the Akha ethnic group.,bib1214,yes +5181-LEI-1,5181,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5181-vitality-1,5181,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +5185-location-1,5185,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.8421, 100.6851]]}",,,bib5330,no +5185-location-2,5185,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Jinghong County. About 2,000 members of this group in Nanlianshan Township.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5185-speaker_number-1,5185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Classified in Hani Nationality.,bib1214,yes +5185-speakers-1,5185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Classified in Hani Nationality.,bib1214,yes +5185-LEI-1,5185,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5185-vitality-1,5185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5188-location-1,5188,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.6833, 102.1]]}",,,bib5330,no +5188-location-2,5188,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Phongsaly Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 5188-location-3,5188,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no -5188-speaker_number-1,5188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5188-speakers-1,5188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,311"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -5188-speaker_number-2,5188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Includes five distinct varieties. Phongku variety is closer to Bisu and Laomian; others closer to Công and Sangkong.,bib1205,yes -5188-speakers-2,5188,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,618"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,618"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Includes five distinct varieties. Phongku variety is closer to Bisu and Laomian; others closer to Công and Sangkong.,bib1205,yes +5188-speaker_number-1,5188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5188-speakers-1,5188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,311"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +5188-speaker_number-2,5188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Includes five distinct varieties. Phongku variety is closer to Bisu and Laomian; others closer to Công and Sangkong.,bib1214,yes +5188-speakers-2,5188,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,618"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,618"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Includes five distinct varieties. Phongku variety is closer to Bisu and Laomian; others closer to Công and Sangkong.,bib1214,yes 5188-speaker_number-3,5188,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5188-speakers-3,5188,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,635"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5188-LEI-1,5188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5188-vitality-1,5188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5188-LEI-2,5188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Potentially endangered, especially in the case of Phongku, Laoseng and Pisu varieties.",bib1205,yes -5188-vitality-2,5188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Potentially endangered, especially in the case of Phongku, Laoseng and Pisu varieties.",bib1205,yes +5188-LEI-1,5188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5188-vitality-1,5188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5188-LEI-2,5188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Potentially endangered, especially in the case of Phongku, Laoseng and Pisu varieties.",bib1214,yes +5188-vitality-2,5188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Potentially endangered, especially in the case of Phongku, Laoseng and Pisu varieties.",bib1214,yes 5188-LEI-3,5188,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5188-vitality-3,5188,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5190-location-1,5190,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.5158, 100.6957]]}",,,bib5307,no -5190-location-2,5190,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong County; three villages in Mangwanwa village cluster, Xiaojie Township and one newer village, Tuanjie, in Menglong Town.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5190-speaker_number-1,5190,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -5190-speakers-1,5190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -5190-LEI-1,5190,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most members of this group can speak Sangkong, but the language is potentially endangered.",bib1205,yes -5190-vitality-1,5190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Most members of this group can speak Sangkong, but the language is potentially endangered.",bib1205,yes -5191-location-1,5191,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Ouadda\u00ef region, Molou canton, villages of Molou, Tirlanga, and Koyendala""}",,,bib1097,no +5190-location-1,5190,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.5158, 100.6957]]}",,,bib5330,no +5190-location-2,5190,location,"{""Places"": [""Yunnan, China""], ""Description"": ""Jinghong County; three villages in Mangwanwa village cluster, Xiaojie Township and one newer village, Tuanjie, in Menglong Town.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5190-speaker_number-1,5190,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +5190-speakers-1,5190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +5190-LEI-1,5190,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most members of this group can speak Sangkong, but the language is potentially endangered.",bib1214,yes +5190-vitality-1,5190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Most members of this group can speak Sangkong, but the language is potentially endangered.",bib1214,yes +5191-location-1,5191,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Ouadda\u00ef region, Molou canton, villages of Molou, Tirlanga, and Koyendala""}",,,bib1106,no 5191-location-2,5191,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.75, 21.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5191-speakers-1,5191,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,479 in Chad"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,"Selon le recensement de 1993, il y a 62.931 Tama et 23.479 Assangori au Tchad.",bib1097,no +5191-speakers-1,5191,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,479 in Chad"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,"Selon le recensement de 1993, il y a 62.931 Tama et 23.479 Assangori au Tchad.",bib1106,no 5191-speaker_number-2,5191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5191-speakers-2,5191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5191-LEI-1,5191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5191-vitality-1,5191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5192-location-1,5192,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.3094, 102.041]]}",,,bib5307,no -5192-location-2,5192,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Northern Laos: mainly in northeastern Namtha and northern Muangsai provinces, and one village relocated near Luang Phabang. Northwestern Vietnam: Miuiong Te District of Lai Chau Province.""}",,,bib1205,yes +5192-location-1,5192,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.3094, 102.041]]}",,,bib5330,no +5192-location-2,5192,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Northern Laos: mainly in northeastern Namtha and northern Muangsai provinces, and one village relocated near Luang Phabang. Northwestern Vietnam: Miuiong Te District of Lai Chau Province.""}",,,bib1214,yes 5192-location-3,5192,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Viet Nam: Lai Chau Province. North central Laos, north of Muong Hai.""}",,,bib67,no -5192-speaker_number-1,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5192-speakers-1,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5192-speaker_number-2,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,518 in Laos, 600 in Vietnam. One of the smallest recognized ethnic groups in Laos and Vietnam.",bib1205,yes -5192-speakers-2,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,518 in Laos, 600 in Vietnam. One of the smallest recognized ethnic groups in Laos and Vietnam.",bib1205,yes +5192-speaker_number-1,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5192-speakers-1,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5192-speaker_number-2,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,518 in Laos, 600 in Vietnam. One of the smallest recognized ethnic groups in Laos and Vietnam.",bib1214,yes +5192-speakers-2,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,118"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,518 in Laos, 600 in Vietnam. One of the smallest recognized ethnic groups in Laos and Vietnam.",bib1214,yes 5192-speaker_number-3,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5192-speakers-3,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,612"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5192-speaker_number-4,5192,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,770 in Laos (1995 census). 840 in Viet Nam (1999 census)",bib67,no 5192-speakers-4,5192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,610"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,770 in Laos (1995 census). 840 in Viet Nam (1999 census)",bib67,no -5192-LEI-1,5192,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5192-vitality-1,5192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5192-LEI-2,5192,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1205,yes -5192-speaker_number_trends-2,5192,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1205,yes -5192-vitality-2,5192,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1205,yes +5192-LEI-1,5192,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5192-vitality-1,5192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5192-LEI-2,5192,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1214,yes +5192-speaker_number_trends-2,5192,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1214,yes +5192-vitality-2,5192,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"While most members of the ethnic group can speak the language, it has low prestige and is losing domains.",bib1214,yes 5192-LEI-3,5192,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5192-vitality-3,5192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5192-LEI-4,5192,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5192-vitality-4,5192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5193-context-1,5193,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""5,000""}",,,bib1205,yes -5193-location-1,5193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.136, 105.249]]}",,,bib5307,no -5193-location-2,5193,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, northeastern Guangnan County. Guangxi Province, southern Xilin County.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5193-speaker_number-1,5193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Classified in Yi Nationality. Two distinct dialects.,bib1205,yes -5193-speakers-1,5193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Classified in Yi Nationality. Two distinct dialects.,bib1205,yes -5193-LEI-1,5193,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5193-speaker_number_trends-1,5193,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5193-vitality-1,5193,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1205,yes -5194-location-1,5194,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.8421, 103.9116], [22.7833, 105.3666]]}",,,bib5307,no -5194-location-2,5194,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, southwestern Funing County, four townships Guangxi Province, western Napo County. Northern Vietnam. \n\nLanguage reported by Edmonson (2003) to be similar to the language of the Lolo ethnic group of Vietnam (3,100 people) in Cao Bang and Ha Giang provinces.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5194-speaker_number-1,5194,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -5194-speakers-1,5194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -5194-LEI-1,5194,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5194-vitality-1,5194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -5205-context-1,5205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chamba Daka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"When Islam was less widespread, they [the Tiba] traditionally gave themselves CD [Chamba Daka] names, and are certainly all fully bilingual in this language. They are also said to have adopted Chamba customs, but this has not been verified in any way.",bib1185,yes -5205-location-1,5205,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tiba area can be reached at present by leaving the main Gombe-to-Yola road in the direction of Mayo Belwa, then continuing on through Jada towards Ganye via the longer route passing by Mbulo. The traveler will then turn westward at Mbulo towards Tola. Some twenty kilometers beyond the town of Pola lies Gambe, the Tiba center on this axis. Most Tiba people nevertheless reside, not in Gambe, but in hamlets on the surrounding hills."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.670419, 12.033137]]}",,,bib1185,yes -5205-location-2,5205,location,"{""Places"": [""Adamawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State: Ganye LGA: Tiba Plateau;""}",,,bib980,no -5205-speaker_number-1,5205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are no census data or any means of counting the number of Tiba speakers, but a local speculative guess puts the figure at less than ten thousand.",bib1185,yes -5205-speakers-1,5205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are no census data or any means of counting the number of Tiba speakers, but a local speculative guess puts the figure at less than ten thousand.",bib1185,yes -5205-speaker_number-2,5205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,<5000 (1987 Blench),bib980,no -5205-speakers-2,5205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,<5000 (1987 Blench),bib980,no +5193-context-1,5193,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""5,000""}",,,bib1214,yes +5193-location-1,5193,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.136, 105.249]]}",,,bib5330,no +5193-location-2,5193,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, northeastern Guangnan County. Guangxi Province, southern Xilin County.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5193-speaker_number-1,5193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Classified in Yi Nationality. Two distinct dialects.,bib1214,yes +5193-speakers-1,5193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Classified in Yi Nationality. Two distinct dialects.,bib1214,yes +5193-LEI-1,5193,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5193-speaker_number_trends-1,5193,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5193-vitality-1,5193,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Potentially endangered.,bib1214,yes +5194-location-1,5194,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.8421, 103.9116], [22.7833, 105.3666]]}",,,bib5330,no +5194-location-2,5194,location,"{""Places"": [""China and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, southwestern Funing County, four townships Guangxi Province, western Napo County. Northern Vietnam. \n\nLanguage reported by Edmonson (2003) to be similar to the language of the Lolo ethnic group of Vietnam (3,100 people) in Cao Bang and Ha Giang provinces.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5194-speaker_number-1,5194,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +5194-speakers-1,5194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +5194-LEI-1,5194,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5194-vitality-1,5194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +5205-context-1,5205,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chamba Daka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"When Islam was less widespread, they [the Tiba] traditionally gave themselves CD [Chamba Daka] names, and are certainly all fully bilingual in this language. They are also said to have adopted Chamba customs, but this has not been verified in any way.",bib1194,yes +5205-location-1,5205,location,"{""Description"": ""The Tiba area can be reached at present by leaving the main Gombe-to-Yola road in the direction of Mayo Belwa, then continuing on through Jada towards Ganye via the longer route passing by Mbulo. The traveler will then turn westward at Mbulo towards Tola. Some twenty kilometers beyond the town of Pola lies Gambe, the Tiba center on this axis. Most Tiba people nevertheless reside, not in Gambe, but in hamlets on the surrounding hills."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.670419, 12.033137]]}",,,bib1194,yes +5205-location-2,5205,location,"{""Places"": [""Adamawa State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa State: Ganye LGA: Tiba Plateau;""}",,,bib984,no +5205-speaker_number-1,5205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are no census data or any means of counting the number of Tiba speakers, but a local speculative guess puts the figure at less than ten thousand.",bib1194,yes +5205-speakers-1,5205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are no census data or any means of counting the number of Tiba speakers, but a local speculative guess puts the figure at less than ten thousand.",bib1194,yes +5205-speaker_number-2,5205,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,<5000 (1987 Blench),bib984,no +5205-speakers-2,5205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,<5000 (1987 Blench),bib984,no 5205-speaker_number-3,5205,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5205-speakers-3,5205,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5205-LEI-1,5205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1185,yes -5205-vitality-1,5205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1185,yes -5205-LEI-2,5205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5205-vitality-2,5205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5205-LEI-1,5205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1194,yes +5205-vitality-1,5205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1194,yes +5205-LEI-2,5205,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5205-vitality-2,5205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5205-LEI-3,5205,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5205-vitality-3,5205,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -521-context-1,521,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala"", ""Government Support"": ""Use of Lingala was heavily promoted over local languages by Belgians during colonial era""}",,Subject to severe competition from Lingala,bib1786,yes -521-context-2,521,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala""}",,Bonjo is being replaced by Lingala,bib605,no -521-location-1,521,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.7712, 17.9598]]}",,,bib5307,no -521-speaker_number-1,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -521-speakers-1,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -521-speaker_number-2,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib605,no -521-speakers-2,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib605,no -521-speaker_number-3,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -521-speakers-3,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -521-LEI-1,521,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1786,yes -521-transmission-1,521,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1786,yes -521-domains_of_use-1,521,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1786,yes -521-vitality-1,521,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1786,yes -521-LEI-2,521,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -521-speaker_number_trends-2,521,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib605,no -521-vitality-2,521,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib605,no -521-LEI-3,521,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -521-vitality-3,521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5225-location-1,5225,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.9973, 135.7788]]}",,,bib1182,no +521-context-1,521,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala"", ""Government Support"": ""Use of Lingala was heavily promoted over local languages by Belgians during colonial era""}",,Subject to severe competition from Lingala,bib1798,yes +521-context-2,521,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala""}",,Bonjo is being replaced by Lingala,bib608,no +521-location-1,521,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[1.7712, 17.9598]]}",,,bib5330,no +521-speaker_number-1,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +521-speakers-1,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +521-speaker_number-2,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib608,no +521-speakers-2,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib608,no +521-speaker_number-3,521,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +521-speakers-3,521,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +521-LEI-1,521,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1798,yes +521-transmission-1,521,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1798,yes +521-domains_of_use-1,521,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1798,yes +521-vitality-1,521,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Bonjo is still spoken by the young generation of adults, though it is increasingly used for ceremonial and symbolic purposes only. Lingala is learned and used as primary language by children.",bib1798,yes +521-LEI-2,521,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +521-speaker_number_trends-2,521,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib608,no +521-vitality-2,521,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib608,no +521-LEI-3,521,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +521-vitality-3,521,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5225-location-1,5225,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.9973, 135.7788]]}",,,bib1191,no 5225-location-2,5225,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib34,no 5225-location-3,5225,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 5225-speaker_number-1,5225,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 5225-speakers-1,5225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -5225-speaker_number-2,5225,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -5225-speakers-2,5225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes +5225-speaker_number-2,5225,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +5225-speakers-2,5225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes 5225-speaker_number-3,5225,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5225-speakers-3,5225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no 5225-speaker_number-4,5225,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 5225-speakers-4,5225,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981 (Wurm and Hattori)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no 5225-LEI-1,5225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5225-vitality-1,5225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5225-LEI-2,5225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -5225-vitality-2,5225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +5225-LEI-2,5225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +5225-vitality-2,5225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 5225-LEI-3,5225,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5225-vitality-3,5225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 5225-LEI-4,5225,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5225-vitality-4,5225,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5226-context-1,5226,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All bilingual in Burarra or Gunwinygu.""}",,,bib7937,yes +5226-context-1,5226,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All bilingual in Burarra or Gunwinygu.""}",,,bib7962,yes 5226-location-1,5226,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5226-location-2,5226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.30942987, 134.3135284]]}",,,bib1182,no -5226-location-3,5226,location,"{""Description"": ""northern NT, northeastern Arnhem Land, south of Maningrida, along the Mann River.""}",,,bib7937,yes -5226-speaker_number-1,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -5226-speakers-1,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -5226-speakers-2,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40""}",,Gurr-goni speakers presently number about 40.,bib3039,no +5226-location-2,5226,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.30942987, 134.3135284]]}",,,bib1191,no +5226-location-3,5226,location,"{""Description"": ""northern NT, northeastern Arnhem Land, south of Maningrida, along the Mann River.""}",,,bib7962,yes +5226-speaker_number-1,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +5226-speakers-1,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +5226-speakers-2,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40""}",,Gurr-goni speakers presently number about 40.,bib3053,no 5226-speaker_number-3,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 5226-speakers-3,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (Schmidt)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 5226-speakers-5,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,,bib34,no -5226-speaker_number-6,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5226-speakers-6,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +5226-speaker_number-6,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5226-speakers-6,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 5226-speaker_number-7,5226,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5226-speakers-7,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -5226-speaker_number-8,5226,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -5226-speakers-8,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,yes -5226-LEI-1,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5226-vitality-1,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5226-speaker_number-8,5226,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +5226-speakers-8,5226,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,yes +5226-LEI-1,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5226-vitality-1,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5226-LEI-2,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5226-vitality-2,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5226-LEI-3,5226,LEI,Dormant,,,bib34,no 5226-vitality-3,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib34,no -5226-LEI-4,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5226-vitality-4,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5226-LEI-4,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5226-vitality-4,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5226-LEI-5,5226,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5226-vitality-5,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5226-LEI-6,5226,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5226-vitality-6,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +5226-LEI-6,5226,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5226-vitality-6,5226,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 523-context-1,523,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative in Ecuador""}",,,bib70,no 523-location-1,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Pacific slopes of Andes, Narino Department, from Ecuador border north, near Barbacoas; Cumbal, Mallama, Ricaurte, Cuambíyaslambi, and Cuaiquer del Alto Albí reservations.",bib68,no 523-location-2,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Ecuador""]}",,"In Colombia: Nariño department: Barbacoas area; Cuaiquer del Alto Albí, Cuambíyaslambi, Cumbal, Mallama, and Ricaurte reservations; Pacific slopes of Andes. In Ecuador: Carchi and Esmeraldas provinces: extreme north, Andes west slopes, Colombia-Ecuador border, Mira River area.",bib70,no 523-location-3,523,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.5, -78.25]]}",,,bib216,no -523-location-4,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""]}",,,bib1902,yes -523-location-5,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""]}",,,bib1903,no +523-location-4,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""]}",,,bib1914,yes +523-location-5,523,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Ecuador""]}",,,bib1915,no 523-speaker_number-1,523,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), decreasing. Population total all countries: 13,000. 0 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 13,000 (Crevels 2007). Majority are monolingual in Spanish [spa] and no evidence of monolingualism in Awa Cuaiquer [Awa Pit].",bib68,no 523-speakers-1,523,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), decreasing. Population total all countries: 13,000. 0 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 13,000 (Crevels 2007). @@ -52886,218 +53072,218 @@ Majority are monolingual in Spanish [spa] and no evidence of monolingualism in A 3,130 in Ecuador (2012 UNSD)",bib70,no 523-speakers-2,523,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,130"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia), 2012 (Ecuador)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,000 in Colombia (Civallero 2008), decreasing. No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 13,000 (Crevels 2007). 3,130 in Ecuador (2012 UNSD)",bib70,no -523-speaker_number-3,523,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Less than 15,364 (ethnic population size) speak it in Colombia (2001) and there are 2100 speakers who speak it among an ethnic population of 3283 people in Ecuador.",bib1902,yes -523-speakers-3,523,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18647"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17,464"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Less than 15,364 (ethnic population size) speak it in Colombia (2001) and there are 2100 speakers who speak it among an ethnic population of 3283 people in Ecuador.",bib1902,yes -523-speakers-4,523,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,140""}",,"There are 1000 speakers in Ecuador out of an ethnic group of 2,200 and more in Colombia.",bib1903,no +523-speaker_number-3,523,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Less than 15,364 (ethnic population size) speak it in Colombia (2001) and there are 2100 speakers who speak it among an ethnic population of 3283 people in Ecuador.",bib1914,yes +523-speakers-3,523,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18647"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17,464"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Colombia (2001)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Less than 15,364 (ethnic population size) speak it in Colombia (2001) and there are 2100 speakers who speak it among an ethnic population of 3283 people in Ecuador.",bib1914,yes +523-speakers-4,523,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,140""}",,"There are 1000 speakers in Ecuador out of an ethnic group of 2,200 and more in Colombia.",bib1915,no 523-LEI-1,523,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 523-vitality-1,523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 523-LEI-2,523,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 523-vitality-2,523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -523-LEI-3,523,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -523-vitality-3,523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -5245-context-1,5245,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Yulparija people are traditionally multilingual, and most of the old people learned English as their fifth or sixth language.",bib1598,yes -5245-location-1,5245,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.81469107, 124.5495702]]}",,,bib1182,no -5245-location-2,5245,location,"{""Description"": ""Yulparija people originally came from the central Great Sandy Desert area to the south east of Bidyadanga Community on the western Kimberley coast of WA... Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community.""}",,,bib1598,yes +523-LEI-3,523,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +523-vitality-3,523,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +5245-context-1,5245,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Yulparija people are traditionally multilingual, and most of the old people learned English as their fifth or sixth language.",bib1610,yes +5245-location-1,5245,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.81469107, 124.5495702]]}",,,bib1191,no +5245-location-2,5245,location,"{""Description"": ""Yulparija people originally came from the central Great Sandy Desert area to the south east of Bidyadanga Community on the western Kimberley coast of WA... Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community.""}",,,bib1610,yes 5245-speaker_number-1,5245,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5245-speakers-1,5245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5245-speaker_number-2,5245,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -5245-speakers-2,5245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -5245-speaker_number-3,5245,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community by approximately 100 people.... Many more people have a partial or passive knowledge of the language and many more identify as being from Yulparija heritage and speak English only or another Indigenous language.,bib1598,yes -5245-speakers-3,5245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community by approximately 100 people.... Many more people have a partial or passive knowledge of the language and many more identify as being from Yulparija heritage and speak English only or another Indigenous language.,bib1598,yes +5245-speaker_number-2,5245,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +5245-speakers-2,5245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +5245-speaker_number-3,5245,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community by approximately 100 people.... Many more people have a partial or passive knowledge of the language and many more identify as being from Yulparija heritage and speak English only or another Indigenous language.,bib1610,yes +5245-speakers-3,5245,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Yulparija language is spoken in and around the Bidyadanga community by approximately 100 people.... Many more people have a partial or passive knowledge of the language and many more identify as being from Yulparija heritage and speak English only or another Indigenous language.,bib1610,yes 5245-LEI-1,5245,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5245-vitality-1,5245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5245-LEI-2,5245,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5245-vitality-2,5245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -5245-LEI-3,5245,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1598,yes -5245-vitality-3,5245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1598,yes -5246-location-1,5246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.85043936, 128.8885148]]}",,,bib1182,no +5245-LEI-2,5245,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5245-vitality-2,5245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +5245-LEI-3,5245,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1610,yes +5245-vitality-3,5245,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1610,yes +5246-location-1,5246,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.85043936, 128.8885148]]}",,,bib1191,no 5246-speaker_number-1,5246,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 5246-speakers-1,5246,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5246-LEI-1,5246,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5246-vitality-1,5246,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5247-context-1,5247,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,Dime people use their language in all areas of daily life [...] language use seems stable.,bib6826,no -5247-context-2,5247,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Aari""}",,,bib7615,yes -5247-location-1,5247,location,"{""Places"": [""North Omo administrative region""]}",,,bib6826,no +5247-context-1,5247,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic""}",,Dime people use their language in all areas of daily life [...] language use seems stable.,bib6850,no +5247-context-2,5247,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Aari""}",,,bib7640,yes +5247-location-1,5247,location,"{""Places"": [""North Omo administrative region""]}",,,bib6850,no 5247-location-2,5247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.16666666667, 36.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5247-location-3,5247,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -5247-location-4,5247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9548, 36.2988]]}",,,bib5307,no -5247-speaker_number-1,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6826,no -5247-speakers-1,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6826,no +5247-location-4,5247,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.9548, 36.2988]]}",,,bib5330,no +5247-speaker_number-1,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6850,no +5247-speakers-1,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6850,no 5247-speakers-2,5247,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,218""}",,,bib360,no 5247-speaker_number-3,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5247-speakers-3,5247,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,197"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5247-speaker_number-4,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5247-speakers-4,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,501"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5247-speaker_number-4,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5247-speakers-4,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,501"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5247-speaker_number-5,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,no 5247-speakers-5,5247,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6189"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,501"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,no 5247-speaker_number-6,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5247-speakers-6,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,501"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5247-speaker_number-7,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5247-speakers-7,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5247-speaker_number-7,5247,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5247-speakers-7,5247,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5247-LEI-1,5247,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Dime consider themselves as being 'a -dying nation.'",bib6826,no +dying nation.'",bib6850,no 5247-domains_of_use-1,5247,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Dime consider themselves as being 'a -dying nation.'",bib6826,no +dying nation.'",bib6850,no 5247-vitality-1,5247,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Dime consider themselves as being 'a -dying nation.'",bib6826,no +dying nation.'",bib6850,no 5247-LEI-2,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5247-vitality-2,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5247-LEI-3,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5247-vitality-3,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5247-LEI-3,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5247-vitality-3,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5247-LEI-4,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 5247-vitality-4,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 5247-LEI-5,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5247-vitality-5,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5247-LEI-6,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5247-vitality-6,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5247-LEI-6,5247,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5247-vitality-6,5247,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5248-location-1,5248,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,yes -5248-location-2,5248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.24779965, 135.559361]]}",,,bib1182,no -5248-speaker_number-1,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -5248-speakers-1,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,128"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +5248-location-2,5248,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.24779965, 135.559361]]}",,,bib1191,no +5248-speaker_number-1,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +5248-speakers-1,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,128"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 5248-speaker_number-2,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1996 census),bib67,yes 5248-speakers-2,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,820"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1996 census),bib67,yes 5248-speaker_number-3,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 5248-speakers-3,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -5248-speaker_number-4,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5248-speakers-4,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5248-speaker_number-4,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5248-speakers-4,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5248-speaker_number-5,5248,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5248-speakers-5,5248,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,175"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5248-LEI-1,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5248-vitality-1,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5248-LEI-1,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5248-vitality-1,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5248-LEI-2,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5248-vitality-2,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5248-LEI-4,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5248-vitality-4,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5248-LEI-5,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5248-vitality-5,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5248-LEI-5,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5248-vitality-5,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5248-LEI-6,5248,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5248-vitality-6,5248,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5249-location-1,5249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.29152242, 135.9637093]]}",,,bib1182,no -5249-location-2,5249,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1387,yes +5249-location-1,5249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.29152242, 135.9637093]]}",,,bib1191,no +5249-location-2,5249,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Central Australia""}",,,bib1399,yes 5249-speaker_number-1,5249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib34,no 5249-speakers-1,5249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib34,no -5249-speaker_number-2,5249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,yes -5249-speakers-2,5249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,664"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,yes +5249-speaker_number-2,5249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,yes +5249-speakers-2,5249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,664"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,yes 5249-speaker_number-3,5249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5249-speakers-3,5249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 5249-LEI-1,5249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5249-vitality-1,5249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5249-LEI-2,5249,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1387,yes -5249-transmission-2,5249,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1387,yes -5249-domains_of_use-2,5249,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1387,yes -5249-speaker_number_trends-2,5249,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1387,yes -5249-vitality-2,5249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1387,yes +5249-LEI-2,5249,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1399,yes +5249-transmission-2,5249,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1399,yes +5249-domains_of_use-2,5249,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1399,yes +5249-speaker_number_trends-2,5249,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1399,yes +5249-vitality-2,5249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Alyawarr",bib1399,yes 5249-LEI-3,5249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5249-vitality-3,5249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -525-context-1,525,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Lingala""}",,,bib2846,no -525-context-2,525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Lingala is not typically used in the Babole region among Babole, who maintain a high degree of pride in their own language.",bib1786,yes -525-context-3,525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Lingala""}",,French and Lingala are considered appropriate only for communicating with non-Babole ...,bib4592,no -525-location-1,525,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Description"": ""The district of Epena is located in the Likouala Region, in the northwestern part of the People\u2019s Republic of Congo... The fourteen villages south of Itanga [town in Epena district] are the homeland of the Babole (also called Ngele,\u2018downriver\u2019). In 1984, these villages had a total population of 4062.""}",,,bib2846,no +525-context-1,525,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Lingala""}",,,bib2860,no +525-context-2,525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lingala"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Lingala is not typically used in the Babole region among Babole, who maintain a high degree of pride in their own language.",bib1798,yes +525-context-3,525,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Lingala""}",,French and Lingala are considered appropriate only for communicating with non-Babole ...,bib4613,no +525-location-1,525,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo""], ""Description"": ""The district of Epena is located in the Likouala Region, in the northwestern part of the People\u2019s Republic of Congo... The fourteen villages south of Itanga [town in Epena district] are the homeland of the Babole (also called Ngele,\u2018downriver\u2019). In 1984, these villages had a total population of 4062.""}",,,bib2860,no 525-location-2,525,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.08333333333, 17.25]]}",,,bib216,no -525-location-3,525,location,"{""Places"": [""14 villages along the Likouala-Aux-Herbes river system, Epena District, Likouala Region, Republic of Congo""]}",,,bib4592,no -525-speaker_number-1,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2846,no -525-speakers-1,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,062"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988-1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2846,no -525-speaker_number-2,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -525-speakers-2,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -525-speaker_number-3,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4592,no -525-speakers-3,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4592,no -525-LEI-1,525,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2846,no -525-domains_of_use-1,525,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2846,no -525-vitality-1,525,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2846,no -525-LEI-2,525,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -525-vitality-2,525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -525-LEI-3,525,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4592,no -525-transmission-3,525,transmission,0,transmission-0, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4592,no -525-vitality-3,525,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4592,no +525-location-3,525,location,"{""Places"": [""14 villages along the Likouala-Aux-Herbes river system, Epena District, Likouala Region, Republic of Congo""]}",,,bib4613,no +525-speaker_number-1,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2860,no +525-speakers-1,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,062"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988-1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2860,no +525-speaker_number-2,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +525-speakers-2,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +525-speaker_number-3,525,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4613,no +525-speakers-3,525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4613,no +525-LEI-1,525,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2860,no +525-domains_of_use-1,525,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2860,no +525-vitality-1,525,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In the home, people used almost exclusively their patois [sic]. In the village, the patois was again used almost exclusively (95–97 percent), except in two domains: 1) village or party meetings, where Lingala, the national language, was preferred (69 percent), especially when nonvillagers were present, and 2) church, where all but one person said they used Lingala, since the Bible and other religious literature is available in Lingala (or French), but not in the patois.",bib2860,no +525-LEI-2,525,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +525-vitality-2,525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +525-LEI-3,525,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4613,no +525-transmission-3,525,transmission,0,transmission-0, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4613,no +525-vitality-3,525,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",, ... Babole people in their own villages rarely speak anything but the Babole language.,bib4613,no 5252-speaker_number-1,5252,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5252-speakers-1,5252,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5252-LEI-1,5252,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5252-vitality-1,5252,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5257-location-1,5257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.49940566, 151.6720892]]}",,,bib1182,no +5257-location-1,5257,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.49940566, 151.6720892]]}",,,bib1191,no 5257-speaker_number-1,5257,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5257-speakers-1,5257,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5257-LEI-1,5257,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5257-vitality-1,5257,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5259-location-1,5259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.0640749, 137.2943933]]}",,,bib1182,no +5259-location-1,5259,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.0640749, 137.2943933]]}",,,bib1191,no 5259-speaker_number-1,5259,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 5259-speakers-1,5259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -5259-speaker_number-2,5259,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -5259-speakers-2,5259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -5259-speaker_number-3,5259,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,yes -5259-speakers-3,5259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7937,yes +5259-speaker_number-2,5259,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +5259-speakers-2,5259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +5259-speaker_number-3,5259,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,yes +5259-speakers-3,5259,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7962,yes 5259-LEI-1,5259,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5259-vitality-1,5259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5259-LEI-2,5259,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5259-vitality-2,5259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -5259-LEI-3,5259,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5259-transmission-3,5259,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7937,yes -5259-vitality-3,5259,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7937,yes +5259-LEI-2,5259,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5259-vitality-2,5259,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +5259-LEI-3,5259,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5259-transmission-3,5259,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7962,yes +5259-vitality-3,5259,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7962,yes 527-context-1,527,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""French in schools, radio, television, print""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Government Support"": ""Some support from the government for minority languages, but very little has been done with Okande"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"Il n’y a en effet aucun document officiel en okande. L’okande est une langue qui n’est présente ni dans l’administration, ni dans les écoles ou les médias. En revanche, l’okande se véhicule encore à travers des contes ou des récits, qui ne concernent cependant qu’une faible audience. -Au Gabon, les locuteurs de langues minoritaires ont une mauvaise opinion de leur langue.",bib3091,yes -527-location-1,527,location,"{""Places"": [""Ogooue-Ivindo Province, Gabon""], ""Description"": ""west of Booue""}",,,bib6944,no -527-location-2,527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.1318, 11.8103]]}",,,bib5307,no -527-location-3,527,location,"{""Description"": ""West of Booue in Gabon""}",,,bib7615,no -527-location-4,527,location,"{""Description"": ""A tel point que l\u2019okande n\u2019est aujourd\u2019hui parl\u00e9 que dans quelques villages (Aschouka ou Bol\u00e9ko). [...] C\u2019est dans la r\u00e9gion de Boou\u00e9... que se trouvait anciennement \u00ab le pays Okande \u00bb, qui regroupait de nombreux village.""}",,,bib3091,yes -527-speakers-1,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very few""}",,,bib6944,no -527-speaker_number-2,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Threatened, undocumented.",bib1786,no -527-speakers-2,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Threatened, undocumented.",bib1786,no -527-speaker_number-3,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -527-speakers-3,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -527-speaker_number-4,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -527-speakers-4,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no +Au Gabon, les locuteurs de langues minoritaires ont une mauvaise opinion de leur langue.",bib3105,yes +527-location-1,527,location,"{""Places"": [""Ogooue-Ivindo Province, Gabon""], ""Description"": ""west of Booue""}",,,bib6968,no +527-location-2,527,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.1318, 11.8103]]}",,,bib5330,no +527-location-3,527,location,"{""Description"": ""West of Booue in Gabon""}",,,bib7640,no +527-location-4,527,location,"{""Description"": ""A tel point que l\u2019okande n\u2019est aujourd\u2019hui parl\u00e9 que dans quelques villages (Aschouka ou Bol\u00e9ko). [...] C\u2019est dans la r\u00e9gion de Boou\u00e9... que se trouvait anciennement \u00ab le pays Okande \u00bb, qui regroupait de nombreux village.""}",,,bib3105,yes +527-speakers-1,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very few""}",,,bib6968,no +527-speaker_number-2,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Threatened, undocumented.",bib1798,no +527-speakers-2,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Threatened, undocumented.",bib1798,no +527-speaker_number-3,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +527-speakers-3,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +527-speaker_number-4,527,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +527-speakers-4,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no 527-speaker_number-5,527,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"On peut estimer à une centaine, tout au plus, le nombre de locuteurs le pratiquant encore au quotidien [...] l’okande ne sera probablement plus parlé avant la fin de ce siècle. -L’okande se présente comme une langue moribonde, parlée par une génération âgée et comptant un nombre de locuteurs peu élevé.",bib3091,yes +L’okande se présente comme une langue moribonde, parlée par une génération âgée et comptant un nombre de locuteurs peu élevé.",bib3105,yes 527-speakers-5,527,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"On peut estimer à une centaine, tout au plus, le nombre de locuteurs le pratiquant encore au quotidien [...] l’okande ne sera probablement plus parlé avant la fin de ce siècle. -L’okande se présente comme une langue moribonde, parlée par une génération âgée et comptant un nombre de locuteurs peu élevé.",bib3091,yes -527-LEI-1,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -527-vitality-1,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -527-LEI-2,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -527-vitality-2,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -527-LEI-3,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -527-vitality-3,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +L’okande se présente comme une langue moribonde, parlée par une génération âgée et comptant un nombre de locuteurs peu élevé.",bib3105,yes +527-LEI-1,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +527-vitality-1,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +527-LEI-2,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +527-vitality-2,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +527-LEI-3,527,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +527-vitality-3,527,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 527-LEI-4,527,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Seuls les anciens parlent réellement l’okande. Les jeunes okande que nous avons rencontrés... ne parlent que le français. -La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3091,yes +La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3105,yes 527-transmission-4,527,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Seuls les anciens parlent réellement l’okande. Les jeunes okande que nous avons rencontrés... ne parlent que le français. -La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3091,yes +La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3105,yes 527-domains_of_use-4,527,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Seuls les anciens parlent réellement l’okande. Les jeunes okande que nous avons rencontrés... ne parlent que le français. -La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3091,yes +La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3105,yes 527-speaker_number_trends-4,527,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Seuls les anciens parlent réellement l’okande. Les jeunes okande que nous avons rencontrés... ne parlent que le français. -La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3091,yes +La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3105,yes 527-vitality-4,527,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Seuls les anciens parlent réellement l’okande. Les jeunes okande que nous avons rencontrés... ne parlent que le français. -La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3091,yes -528-location-1,528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0216, 13.9031]]}",,,bib5307,no -528-speaker_number-1,528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -528-speakers-1,528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -528-speaker_number-2,528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -528-speakers-2,528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -528-LEI-1,528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -528-vitality-1,528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -528-LEI-2,528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -528-vitality-2,528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée de 25 ans environ. Cette génération des 20-25 ans transmet de moins en moins la langue à ses enfants, voire plus du tout.",bib3105,yes +528-location-1,528,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.0216, 13.9031]]}",,,bib5330,no +528-speaker_number-1,528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +528-speakers-1,528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +528-speaker_number-2,528,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +528-speakers-2,528,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +528-LEI-1,528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +528-vitality-1,528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +528-LEI-2,528,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +528-vitality-2,528,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5285-context-1,5285,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,no -5285-location-1,5285,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8941, -94.8163]]}",,,bib5307,no +5285-location-1,5285,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.8941, -94.8163]]}",,,bib5330,no 5285-location-2,5285,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.89, -94.81]]}",,,bib75,no 5285-location-3,5285,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Veracruz, Texistepec, east of Oluta""}",,,bib67,no 5285-speaker_number-1,5285,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"According to other sources from 2007 or later there were about 100 speakers, but those sources are actually citing earlier sources (1995, 2002), which actually use data collected before that.",bib163,yes 5285-speakers-1,5285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"According to other sources from 2007 or later there were about 100 speakers, but those sources are actually citing earlier sources (1995, 2002), which actually use data collected before that.",bib163,yes -5285-speaker_number-2,5285,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5285-speakers-2,5285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5285-speaker_number-2,5285,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5285-speakers-2,5285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5285-speaker_number-3,5285,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5285-speakers-3,5285,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""427"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5285-speaker_number-4,5285,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Speaker number and ethnic population data: 1990 census,bib67,no 5285-speakers-4,5285,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15779"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data: 1990 census,bib67,no 5285-LEI-1,5285,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib163,yes 5285-vitality-1,5285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,yes -5285-LEI-2,5285,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5285-vitality-2,5285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5285-LEI-2,5285,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5285-vitality-2,5285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5285-LEI-3,5285,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5285-vitality-3,5285,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5285-LEI-4,5285,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -53118,10 +53304,10 @@ La majorité des locuteurs les plus jeunes parlant encore la langue est âgée d 5286-LEI-3,5286,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5286-vitality-3,5286,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5287-location-1,5287,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.028, -98.23]]}",,,bib67,no -5287-speaker_number-1,5287,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5287-speakers-1,5287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""516"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5287-speaker_number-2,5287,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1547,yes -5287-speakers-2,5287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,964"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1547,yes +5287-speaker_number-1,5287,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5287-speakers-1,5287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""516"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5287-speaker_number-2,5287,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1559,yes +5287-speakers-2,5287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,964"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:23),bib1559,yes 5287-speaker_number-3,5287,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5287-speakers-3,5287,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5287-speaker_number-4,5287,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 7 Popoloca languages: @@ -53140,15 +53326,15 @@ Popoloca, San Juan Atzingo [poe]: 5,000 (1991). Popoloca, San Luís Temalacayuca [pps] : 4,730 (1994). Popoloca, San Marcos Tlalcoyalco [pls]: 5,000 (1993). Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no -5287-LEI-1,5287,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5287-vitality-1,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5287-LEI-2,5287,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -5287-vitality-2,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +5287-LEI-1,5287,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5287-vitality-1,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5287-LEI-2,5287,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +5287-vitality-2,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 5287-LEI-3,5287,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5287-vitality-3,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5287-LEI-4,5287,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5287-vitality-4,5287,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5288-location-1,5288,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.0049, 101.184]]}",,,bib5307,no +5288-location-1,5288,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.0049, 101.184]]}",,,bib5330,no 5288-location-2,5288,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""]}",,,bib67,no 5288-speaker_number-1,5288,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,yes 5288-speakers-1,5288,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,281"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,yes @@ -53158,68 +53344,68 @@ Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no 5288-vitality-1,5288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 5288-LEI-2,5288,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5288-vitality-2,5288,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5289-context-1,5289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bi- or multilingual""}",,,bib4154,yes +5289-context-1,5289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bi- or multilingual""}",,,bib4174,yes 5289-location-1,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib67,no -5289-location-2,5289,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken north-east of Kabul in three valleys in the southern foothills of the western Hindukosh, in the Shotol valley north of Golbahar, in the Pacheghan branch of the Nejraw valley north-east of Golbahar, and in the Ghochulan branch of the same valley. Speakers represent remnant linguistic pockets of an earlier dialect continuum.""}",,,bib4154,yes -5289-location-3,5289,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4658, 68.637]]}",,,bib5307,no -5289-location-4,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in three valleys on the southern slope of the Hindu Kush: \u0160otol, between S\u0101lang and Pan\u01f0\u0161\u012br, and \u1e20o\u010d\u016bl\u0101n and Pa\u010da\u1e21\u0101n, both in the area of Ne\u01f0rao (Ne\u01f0r\u0101b)""]}",,,bib4152,no +5289-location-2,5289,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken north-east of Kabul in three valleys in the southern foothills of the western Hindukosh, in the Shotol valley north of Golbahar, in the Pacheghan branch of the Nejraw valley north-east of Golbahar, and in the Ghochulan branch of the same valley. Speakers represent remnant linguistic pockets of an earlier dialect continuum.""}",,,bib4174,yes +5289-location-3,5289,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.4658, 68.637]]}",,,bib5330,no +5289-location-4,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in three valleys on the southern slope of the Hindu Kush: \u0160otol, between S\u0101lang and Pan\u01f0\u0161\u012br, and \u1e20o\u010d\u016bl\u0101n and Pa\u010da\u1e21\u0101n, both in the area of Ne\u01f0rao (Ne\u01f0r\u0101b)""]}",,,bib4172,no 5289-location-5,5289,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.059939, 70.905775]]}",,,bib75,no -5289-location-6,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Ruidarra and Shutul""]}",,,bib5277,no -5289-location-7,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast of Kabul in the \u0160otol valley, north of Golbah\u0101r, and in the \u1e20o\u010d\u016bl\u0101n and Pa\u010da\u1e21\u0101n branches of the Ne\u01f0rao valley, northeast of Golbah\u0101r""]}",,,bib5271,no +5289-location-6,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Ruidarra and Shutul""]}",,,bib5300,no +5289-location-7,5289,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeast of Kabul in the \u0160otol valley, north of Golbah\u0101r, and in the \u1e20o\u010d\u016bl\u0101n and Pa\u010da\u1e21\u0101n branches of the Ne\u01f0rao valley, northeast of Golbah\u0101r""]}",,,bib5294,no 5289-speaker_number-1,5289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5289-speakers-1,5289,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -5289-speaker_number-2,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4154,yes -5289-speakers-2,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4154,yes -5289-speaker_number-3,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5289-speakers-3,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5289-speaker_number-4,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4152,no -5289-speakers-4,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4152,no +5289-speaker_number-2,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4174,yes +5289-speakers-2,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4174,yes +5289-speaker_number-3,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5289-speakers-3,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5289-speaker_number-4,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4172,no +5289-speakers-4,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4172,no 5289-speaker_number-5,5289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5289-speakers-5,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5289-speaker_number-6,5289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau.",bib5277,no -5289-speakers-6,5289,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau.",bib5277,no -5289-speaker_number-7,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.,bib5271,no -5289-speakers-7,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.,bib5271,no +5289-speaker_number-6,5289,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau.",bib5300,no +5289-speakers-6,5289,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1924"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau.",bib5300,no +5289-speaker_number-7,5289,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.,bib5294,no +5289-speakers-7,5289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.,bib5294,no 5289-LEI-1,5289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5289-vitality-1,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5289-LEI-2,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4154,yes -5289-vitality-2,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4154,yes -5289-LEI-3,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5289-vitality-3,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5289-LEI-4,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4152,no -5289-vitality-4,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4152,no +5289-LEI-2,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4174,yes +5289-vitality-2,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4174,yes +5289-LEI-3,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5289-vitality-3,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5289-LEI-4,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4172,no +5289-vitality-4,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4172,no 5289-LEI-5,5289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5289-vitality-5,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5289-LEI-6,5289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5277,no -5289-vitality-6,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5277,no -5289-LEI-7,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5271,no -5289-vitality-7,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5271,no +5289-LEI-6,5289,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5300,no +5289-vitality-6,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5300,no +5289-LEI-7,5289,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5294,no +5289-vitality-7,5289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5294,no 529-location-1,529,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Ogoou\u00e9-Ivindo province: central, northwest, Boou\u00e9 area; border areas, northeast Moyen-Ogoou\u00e9 and south Woleu-Ntem provinces.""}",,,bib69,yes -529-location-2,529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0247, 11.7691]]}",,,bib5307,no -529-speakers-1,529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very small group""}",,,bib1786,no +529-location-2,529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0247, 11.7691]]}",,,bib5330,no +529-speakers-1,529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""very small group""}",,,bib1798,no 529-speaker_number-2,529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Idiata),bib69,yes 529-speakers-2,529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Idiata),bib69,yes -529-speaker_number-3,529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -529-speakers-3,529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +529-speaker_number-3,529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +529-speakers-3,529,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 529-LEI-1,529,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 529-vitality-1,529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -529-LEI-2,529,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -529-vitality-2,529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +529-LEI-2,529,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +529-vitality-2,529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5290-context-2,5290,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashto, Dari"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Traditionally bilingual in Dari. Now increasingly bilingual in Pashto.,bib68,yes -5290-location-1,5290,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2052,no -5290-location-2,5290,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2396,no +5290-location-1,5290,location,"{""Description"": ""The Nuristani languages are spoken almost entirely within the confines of the area of northeast Afghanistan known as Nuristan. It is a land of high mountains and deep valleys, with forests and mountain pastures.""}",,,bib2065,no +5290-location-2,5290,location,"{""Places"": [""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""]}",,,bib2409,no 5290-location-3,5290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.5, 71.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5290-location-4,5290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3543, 71.26]]}",,,bib5307,no +5290-location-4,5290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.3543, 71.26]]}",,,bib5330,no 5290-location-5,5290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.205675, 70.912389]]}",,,bib75,no 5290-location-6,5290,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib68,yes -5290-speaker_number-1,5290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5290-speakers-1,5290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5290-speaker_number-1,5290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5290-speakers-1,5290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5290-speaker_number-2,5290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,yes 5290-speakers-2,5290,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,yes 5290-speaker_number-3,5290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5290-speakers-3,5290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5290-LEI-1,5290,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5290-vitality-1,5290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5290-LEI-1,5290,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5290-vitality-1,5290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5290-LEI-2,5290,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 5290-speaker_number_trends-2,5290,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib68,yes 5290-vitality-2,5290,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,yes @@ -53233,22 +53419,22 @@ Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no 5293-transmission-1,5293,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib69,yes 5293-domains_of_use-1,5293,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib69,yes 5293-vitality-1,5293,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib69,yes -5295-location-1,5295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.015414, 166.733017]]}",,,bib7945,no -5295-location-2,5295,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.031, 166.792]]}",,,bib395,yes +5295-location-1,5295,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.015414, 166.733017]]}",,,bib7970,no +5295-location-2,5295,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.031, 166.792]]}",,,bib396,yes 5295-location-3,5295,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no 5295-speaker_number-1,5295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5295-speakers-1,5295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5295-speaker_number-2,5295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,yes -5295-speakers-2,5295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,yes +5295-speaker_number-2,5295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,yes +5295-speakers-2,5295,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,yes 5295-speaker_number-3,5295,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 5295-speakers-3,5295,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""210"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Wurm and Hattori (1981).,bib67,no 5295-LEI-1,5295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5295-vitality-1,5295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5295-LEI-2,5295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,yes -5295-vitality-2,5295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,yes +5295-LEI-2,5295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,yes +5295-vitality-2,5295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,yes 5295-LEI-3,5295,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5295-vitality-3,5295,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5298-location-1,5298,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.108214, 116.271036]]}",,,bib7945,no +5298-location-1,5298,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.108214, 116.271036]]}",,,bib7970,no 5298-location-2,5298,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 5298-speaker_number-1,5298,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5298-speakers-1,5298,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -53258,16 +53444,16 @@ Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no 5298-vitality-1,5298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5298-LEI-2,5298,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5298-vitality-2,5298,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -530-location-1,530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0549, 13.5461]]}",,,bib5307,no -530-speaker_number-1,530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -530-speakers-1,530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -530-speaker_number-2,530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -530-speakers-2,530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -530-LEI-1,530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -530-vitality-1,530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -530-LEI-2,530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -530-vitality-2,530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5300-location-1,5300,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.510856, 115.588564]]}",,,bib7945,no +530-location-1,530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.0549, 13.5461]]}",,,bib5330,no +530-speaker_number-1,530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +530-speakers-1,530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +530-speaker_number-2,530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +530-speakers-2,530,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +530-LEI-1,530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +530-vitality-1,530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +530-LEI-2,530,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +530-vitality-2,530,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5300-location-1,5300,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.510856, 115.588564]]}",,,bib7970,no 5300-location-2,5300,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 5300-speaker_number-1,5300,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5300-speakers-1,5300,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""137"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -53277,73 +53463,73 @@ Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no 5300-vitality-1,5300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5300-LEI-2,5300,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5300-vitality-2,5300,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5301-location-1,5301,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.5803, 149.425]]}",,,bib5307,no +5301-location-1,5301,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.5803, 149.425]]}",,,bib5330,no 5301-location-2,5301,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.33333333333, 149.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 5301-location-3,5301,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -5301-speaker_number-1,5301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5301-speakers-1,5301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,364"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5301-speaker_number-1,5301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5301-speakers-1,5301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,364"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5301-speaker_number-2,5301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5301-speakers-2,5301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,364"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5301-speaker_number-3,5301,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1989 census.,bib67,yes 5301-speakers-3,5301,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1989 census.,bib67,yes -5301-LEI-1,5301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5301-vitality-1,5301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5301-LEI-1,5301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5301-vitality-1,5301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5301-LEI-2,5301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5301-vitality-2,5301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5301-LEI-3,5301,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5301-vitality-3,5301,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5303-context-1,5303,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa in many domains"", ""English in school and government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa; English;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Fyem speakers, like most inhabitants of Northern Nigeria, speak Hausa, the regional lingua franca. English, the national language and medium of education, is also in use amongst the younger people, though for most people it is the language of choice only in dealing with non-Northerners and in specialised contexts such as schools and local government. ",bib5490,yes -5303-location-1,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Fyem speakers live in an area of about 100 sq. km in the central part of Northern Nigeria. Their settlements are about 9'30\"" North of the equator and 9'20\"" East of the Prime meridian. The territory is high, dotted with rocky outcrops or inselbergs. It is part of Mangu Local Government Area of Nigeria's Plateau State."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.5, 9.33333]]}",,,bib5490,yes +5303-context-1,5303,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Hausa in many domains"", ""English in school and government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa; English;"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Fyem speakers, like most inhabitants of Northern Nigeria, speak Hausa, the regional lingua franca. English, the national language and medium of education, is also in use amongst the younger people, though for most people it is the language of choice only in dealing with non-Northerners and in specialised contexts such as schools and local government. ",bib5513,yes +5303-location-1,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Fyem speakers live in an area of about 100 sq. km in the central part of Northern Nigeria. Their settlements are about 9'30\"" North of the equator and 9'20\"" East of the Prime meridian. The territory is high, dotted with rocky outcrops or inselbergs. It is part of Mangu Local Government Area of Nigeria's Plateau State."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.5, 9.33333]]}",,,bib5513,yes 5303-location-2,5303,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.58333333333, 9.33333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 5303-location-3,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -5303-location-4,5303,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6332, 8.8632]]}",,,bib5307,no -5303-location-5,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gindiri"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.588066, 9.225188]]}",,,bib7838,no -5303-location-7,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Jos, Barkin Ladi and Mangu LGAs""}",,,bib980,no -5303-speaker_number-1,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of ethnic Fyem is hard to ascertain exactly... The two estimates cited by Crozier and Blench (1992:40) are likely to be a better guide to the contemporary figure: 7,700, in 1952 and 14,000 in 1973.",bib5490,yes -5303-speakers-1,5303,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,700-14,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of ethnic Fyem is hard to ascertain exactly... The two estimates cited by Crozier and Blench (1992:40) are likely to be a better guide to the contemporary figure: 7,700, in 1952 and 14,000 in 1973.",bib5490,yes +5303-location-4,5303,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.6332, 8.8632]]}",,,bib5330,no +5303-location-5,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Gindiri"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.588066, 9.225188]]}",,,bib7863,no +5303-location-7,5303,location,"{""Places"": [""Plateau State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Plateau State, Jos, Barkin Ladi and Mangu LGAs""}",,,bib984,no +5303-speaker_number-1,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The number of ethnic Fyem is hard to ascertain exactly... The two estimates cited by Crozier and Blench (1992:40) are likely to be a better guide to the contemporary figure: 7,700, in 1952 and 14,000 in 1973.",bib5513,yes +5303-speakers-1,5303,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,700-14,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<14,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The number of ethnic Fyem is hard to ascertain exactly... The two estimates cited by Crozier and Blench (1992:40) are likely to be a better guide to the contemporary figure: 7,700, in 1952 and 14,000 in 1973.",bib5513,yes 5303-speaker_number-2,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5303-speakers-2,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5303-speaker_number-3,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5303-speakers-3,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5303-speaker_number-3,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5303-speakers-3,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5303-speaker_number-4,5303,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5303-speakers-4,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5303-speaker_number-5,5303,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,700 (1952 W&B); 14,000 (1973 SIL)",bib980,no -5303-speakers-5,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,700 (1952 W&B); 14,000 (1973 SIL)",bib980,no -5303-LEI-1,5303,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5490,yes -5303-transmission-1,5303,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5490,yes -5303-domains_of_use-1,5303,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5490,yes -5303-speaker_number_trends-1,5303,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5490,yes -5303-vitality-1,5303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5490,yes +5303-speaker_number-5,5303,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,700 (1952 W&B); 14,000 (1973 SIL)",bib984,no +5303-speakers-5,5303,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,700 (1952 W&B); 14,000 (1973 SIL)",bib984,no +5303-LEI-1,5303,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5513,yes +5303-transmission-1,5303,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5513,yes +5303-domains_of_use-1,5303,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5513,yes +5303-speaker_number_trends-1,5303,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5513,yes +5303-vitality-1,5303,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Over the last sixty years or so, the Fyem language has lost ground dramatically to Hausa as the vernacular in the Fyem villages. This language shift has produced gradients in both the use and the knowledge of Fyem along the dimension of age, space, and social position... in Chanso, older people switch freely between Hausa and Fyem, whilst children and adolescents use Hausa almost exclusively. In fact, in this village, there is little evidence that children are acquiring full competence in the language... The prospects for the language, then, might seem rather bleak. However, Richard Bruce reports that there has been an increase in Fyem use since the 1970s. The motivation behind this would seem to be an assertion of authenticity by Fyem people, who now find themselves sharing the area with more and more outsiders.",bib5513,yes 5303-LEI-2,5303,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In some villages, used by young people only in special contexts. Shifting to Hausa [hau]. Home, village. Also use Hausa or English.",bib67,no 5303-domains_of_use-2,5303,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In some villages, used by young people only in special contexts. Shifting to Hausa [hau]. Home, village. Also use Hausa or English.",bib67,no 5303-vitality-2,5303,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In some villages, used by young people only in special contexts. Shifting to Hausa [hau]. Home, village. Also use Hausa or English.",bib67,no -5303-LEI-3,5303,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5303-vitality-3,5303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5303-LEI-3,5303,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5303-vitality-3,5303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5303-LEI-4,5303,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5303-vitality-4,5303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5303-LEI-6,5303,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5303-vitality-6,5303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -5305-context-2,5305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +5303-LEI-6,5303,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5303-vitality-6,5303,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +5305-context-2,5305,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 5305-location-1,5305,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Northeast corner of Oklahoma.""}",,,bib69,no -5305-location-2,5305,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9494, -94.7877]]}",,,bib5307,no +5305-location-2,5305,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.9494, -94.7877]]}",,,bib5330,no 5305-speaker_number-1,5305,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5305-speakers-1,5305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 5305-speaker_number-2,5305,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(Unchanged 2016.),bib69,no 5305-speakers-2,5305,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Date Of Info"": ""Speakers 1990 (census), population 2000 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib69,no -5305-speakers-3,5305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Quapaw Language has been passed down from our elders; and is taught in language classes at the Tribal Museum lead by Ardina Moore.,bib7407,yes -5305-speakers-4,5305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5217,no +5305-speakers-3,5305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Quapaw Language has been passed down from our elders; and is taught in language classes at the Tribal Museum lead by Ardina Moore.,bib7431,yes +5305-speakers-4,5305,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5240,no 5305-LEI-1,5305,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5305-vitality-1,5305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5305-LEI-2,5305,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5305-transmission-2,5305,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib69,no 5305-vitality-2,5305,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib69,no -5305-LEI-3,5305,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7407,yes -5305-vitality-3,5305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7407,yes -5305-LEI-4,5305,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -5305-vitality-4,5305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +5305-LEI-3,5305,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7431,yes +5305-vitality-3,5305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7431,yes +5305-LEI-4,5305,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +5305-vitality-4,5305,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 5307-context-1,5307,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,yes 5307-location-1,5307,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Lambayeque region: Inkawasi, Kañaris, and Miracosta districts; Penachí and Santa Lucía communities; Cajamarca and Piura.",bib71,yes -5307-location-2,5307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.1772, -78.673]]}",,,bib5307,no +5307-location-2,5307,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.1772, -78.673]]}",,,bib5330,no 5307-location-3,5307,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Lambayeque Region, Inkawasi, Ka\u00f1aris, and Miracosta districts; Penach\u00ed and Santa Luc\u00eda communities; adjacent areas of Cajamarca and Piura.""}",,"Lambayeque Region, Inkawasi, Kañaris, and Miracosta districts; Penachí and Santa Lucía communities; adjacent areas of Cajamarca and Piura.",bib67,no 5307-speaker_number-1,5307,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5307-speakers-1,5307,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -53360,152 +53546,152 @@ Popoloca, Santa Inés Ahuatempan [pca]: 4,000 (2000).",bib67,no 5307-vitality-3,5307,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5309-location-1,5309,location,"{""Places"": [""United States""], ""Description"": ""Washington, Pacific side of Olympic Peninsula, Quileute and Lower Hoh River reservations.""}",,,bib69,no 5309-location-2,5309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.9166666667, -124.25]]}",,,bib216,no -5309-location-3,5309,location,"{""Places"": [""Washington (state)""]}",,"The Quileutes now live on two small reservations, Quileute (at La Push) and Lower Hoh River.",bib5217,yes +5309-location-3,5309,location,"{""Places"": [""Washington (state)""]}",,"The Quileutes now live on two small reservations, Quileute (at La Push) and Lower Hoh River.",bib5240,yes 5309-speaker_number-1,5309,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5309-speakers-1,5309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 5309-speakers-2,5309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3 or 4""}",,No known L1 speakers. The last speaker died in 1999 (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -5309-speakers-3,5309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Although as recently as 1986 ten first-language speakers of Quileute remained, the last speaker died in 1999.",bib5217,yes +5309-speakers-3,5309,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Although as recently as 1986 ten first-language speakers of Quileute remained, the last speaker died in 1999.",bib5240,yes 5309-LEI-1,5309,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5309-vitality-1,5309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5309-LEI-2,5309,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 5309-vitality-2,5309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -5309-LEI-3,5309,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -5309-vitality-3,5309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes -531-location-1,531,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8783, 10.816]]}",,,bib5307,no -531-speaker_number-1,531,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -531-speakers-1,531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several Hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -531-LEI-1,531,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -531-vitality-1,531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes +5309-LEI-3,5309,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +5309-vitality-3,5309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes +531-location-1,531,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.8783, 10.816]]}",,,bib5330,no +531-speaker_number-1,531,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +531-speakers-1,531,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several Hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +531-LEI-1,531,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +531-vitality-1,531,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes 5310-location-1,5310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.25, -91.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5310-location-2,5310,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,,bib67,no -5310-location-3,5310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.2121, -91.6335]]}",,,bib5307,no -5310-location-4,5310,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 93 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -5310-location-5,5310,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""San Marcos: Sipacapa, with 5 villages (aldeas) and 16 hamlets (caser\u00edos).""}",,,bib6262,yes +5310-location-3,5310,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.2121, -91.6335]]}",,,bib5330,no +5310-location-4,5310,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 93 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +5310-location-5,5310,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""San Marcos: Sipacapa, with 5 villages (aldeas) and 16 hamlets (caser\u00edos).""}",,,bib6286,yes 5310-speaker_number-1,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"8,000 (2000 SIL), increasing. Ethnic population: 12,000 (2000 E. Kindberg). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no 5310-speakers-1,5310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"8,000 (2000 SIL), increasing. Ethnic population: 12,000 (2000 E. Kindberg). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no -5310-speaker_number-2,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5310-speakers-2,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,687"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5310-speaker_number-2,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5310-speakers-2,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,687"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5310-speakers-3,5310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,652"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"5,340 women; 5,312 men. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -5310-speaker_number-4,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -5310-speakers-4,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,334"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +5310-speaker_number-4,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +5310-speakers-4,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,334"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 5310-speaker_number-5,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5310-speakers-5,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5310-speaker_number-6,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,344 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -5310-speakers-6,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,344"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,344 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +5310-speaker_number-6,5310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,344 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +5310-speakers-6,5310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,344"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,344 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 5310-LEI-1,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Increasing.,bib67,no 5310-vitality-1,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Increasing.,bib67,no -5310-LEI-2,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5310-vitality-2,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5310-LEI-3,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -5310-vitality-3,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +5310-LEI-2,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5310-vitality-2,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5310-LEI-3,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +5310-vitality-3,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 5310-LEI-4,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5310-vitality-4,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5310-LEI-5,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -5310-vitality-5,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +5310-LEI-5,5310,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +5310-vitality-5,5310,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 5311-location-1,5311,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,"Quiché Department, Sacapulas municipality; some in Guatemala City.",bib67,no -5311-location-2,5311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.9752, -91.0527]]}",,,bib5307,no -5311-location-3,5311,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""62 square kilometer area""}",,,bib5849,no -5311-location-4,5311,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Sacapulas""}",,,bib6262,yes +5311-location-2,5311,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.9752, -91.0527]]}",,,bib5330,no +5311-location-3,5311,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""62 square kilometer area""}",,,bib5873,no +5311-location-4,5311,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Sacapulas""}",,,bib6286,yes 5311-speaker_number-1,5311,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Schwartz (2006). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no 5311-speakers-1,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Schwartz (2006). (2013, unchanged.)",bib67,no -5311-speaker_number-2,5311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5311-speakers-2,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5311-speaker_number-2,5311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5311-speakers-2,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,973"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5311-speakers-3,5311,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,763"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"4,593 men; 5,170 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -5311-speaker_number-4,5311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -5311-speakers-4,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +5311-speaker_number-4,5311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +5311-speakers-4,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 5311-speaker_number-5,5311,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5311-speakers-5,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,823"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5311-speaker_number-6,5311,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,940 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en -las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes +las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6286,yes 5311-speakers-6,5311,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,940"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,940 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en -las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes +las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6286,yes 5311-LEI-1,5311,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5311-vitality-1,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5311-LEI-2,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5311-vitality-2,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5311-LEI-3,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -5311-vitality-3,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +5311-LEI-2,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5311-vitality-2,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5311-LEI-3,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +5311-vitality-3,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 5311-LEI-4,5311,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5311-vitality-4,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5311-LEI-5,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -5311-vitality-5,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -5312-context-1,5312,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,...all but the most elderly [are] fully bilingual in Spanish.,bib6791,yes -5312-location-1,5312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.9081, -75.6958]]}",,,bib5307,no +5311-LEI-5,5311,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +5311-vitality-5,5311,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +5312-context-1,5312,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,...all but the most elderly [are] fully bilingual in Spanish.,bib6815,yes +5312-location-1,5312,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.9081, -75.6958]]}",,,bib5330,no 5312-location-2,5312,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Lima Region, Yauyos province; Ica Region, north Chincha province; Huancavelica Region, northeast Castrovirreyna province.""}",,"Lima Region, Yauyos province; Ica Region, north Chincha province; Huancavelica Region, northeast Castrovirreyna province.",bib71,no -5312-location-3,5312,location,"{""Places"": [""Peruvian Andes""], ""Description"": ""Province of Yauyos, Department of Lima"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.983333, -75.116667]]}",,,bib6791,yes -5312-speaker_number-1,5312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5312-speakers-1,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5312-location-3,5312,location,"{""Places"": [""Peruvian Andes""], ""Description"": ""Province of Yauyos, Department of Lima"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.983333, -75.116667]]}",,,bib6815,yes +5312-speaker_number-1,5312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5312-speakers-1,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5312-speaker_number-2,5312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Quechua, Yauyos. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib71,no 5312-speakers-2,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Quechua, Yauyos. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib71,no -5312-speaker_number-3,5312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...the isolation that had previously preserved the Quechua spoken in the region has been broken and the language now counts, according to my estimates, fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65, and all but the most elderly fully bilingual in Spanish.",bib6791,yes -5312-speakers-3,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"...the isolation that had previously preserved the Quechua spoken in the region has been broken and the language now counts, according to my estimates, fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65, and all but the most elderly fully bilingual in Spanish.",bib6791,yes +5312-speaker_number-3,5312,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...the isolation that had previously preserved the Quechua spoken in the region has been broken and the language now counts, according to my estimates, fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65, and all but the most elderly fully bilingual in Spanish.",bib6815,yes +5312-speakers-3,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"...the isolation that had previously preserved the Quechua spoken in the region has been broken and the language now counts, according to my estimates, fewer than 450 speakers, most over 65, and all but the most elderly fully bilingual in Spanish.",bib6815,yes 5312-speaker_number-4,5312,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5312-speakers-4,5312,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5312-LEI-1,5312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5312-vitality-1,5312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5312-LEI-1,5312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5312-vitality-1,5312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5312-LEI-2,5312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib71,no 5312-vitality-2,5312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib71,no -5312-LEI-3,5312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6791,yes -5312-transmission-3,5312,transmission,5,transmission-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6791,yes -5312-domains_of_use-3,5312,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6791,yes -5312-speaker_number_trends-3,5312,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6791,yes -5312-vitality-3,5312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6791,yes +5312-LEI-3,5312,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6815,yes +5312-transmission-3,5312,transmission,5,transmission-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6815,yes +5312-domains_of_use-3,5312,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6815,yes +5312-speaker_number_trends-3,5312,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6815,yes +5312-vitality-3,5312,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"I estimate that there are about twenty teens who understand the Viñac and San Pedro dialects, as well as many as 80 adults in their forties and fifties who can still speak it relatively fluently. Moreover, although its use is now generally restricted to the discussion of every-day and ritual activities, it is still used frequently among the oldest speakers.",bib6815,yes 5312-LEI-4,5312,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5312-vitality-4,5312,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5315-context-1,5315,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,no -5315-location-1,5315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6147, -76.506]]}",,,bib5307,no +5315-location-1,5315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.6147, -76.506]]}",,,bib5330,no 5315-location-2,5315,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Junin region: Carhuamayo, Junín, Ondores, and San Pedro de Cajas districts; Lima and Pasco regions.",bib71,yes 5315-location-3,5315,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4166666667, -75.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5315-location-4,5315,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""North Junin region, Jun\u00edn, Carhuamayo, Ondores, and San Pedro de Cajas districts, southeast of Pasco; also in Pasco and Lima regions.""}",,"North Junin region, Junín, Carhuamayo, Ondores, and San Pedro de Cajas districts, southeast of Pasco; also in Pasco and Lima regions.",bib67,no -5315-speaker_number-1,5315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5315-speakers-1,5315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5315-speaker_number-1,5315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5315-speakers-1,5315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5315-speaker_number-2,5315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib71,yes 5315-speakers-2,5315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib71,yes 5315-speaker_number-3,5315,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7000 monolinguals (1972 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 5315-speakers-3,5315,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7000 monolinguals (1972 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -5315-LEI-1,5315,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5315-vitality-1,5315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5315-LEI-1,5315,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5315-vitality-1,5315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5315-LEI-2,5315,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib71,yes 5315-speaker_number_trends-2,5315,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib71,yes 5315-vitality-2,5315,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib71,yes 5315-LEI-3,5315,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5315-vitality-3,5315,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5316-context-1,5316,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,no -5316-location-1,5316,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2538, -76.8054]]}",,,bib5307,no +5316-location-1,5316,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.2538, -76.8054]]}",,,bib5330,no 5316-location-2,5316,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Pacaraos (Lima region),bib71,no -5316-location-3,5316,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +5316-location-3,5316,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 5316-location-4,5316,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""East central Lima region, Pacaraos village.""}",,"East central Lima region, Pacaraos village.",bib67,no -5316-speaker_number-1,5316,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5316-speakers-1,5316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +5316-speaker_number-1,5316,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5316-speakers-1,5316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 5316-speaker_number-2,5316,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib71,no 5316-speakers-2,5316,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib71,no -5316-speaker_number-3,5316,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Pacaraos Quechua with only 35 speakers (1993) or rememberers.,bib1902,yes -5316-speakers-3,5316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Pacaraos Quechua with only 35 speakers (1993) or rememberers.,bib1902,yes +5316-speaker_number-3,5316,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Pacaraos Quechua with only 35 speakers (1993) or rememberers.,bib1914,yes +5316-speakers-3,5316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Pacaraos Quechua with only 35 speakers (1993) or rememberers.,bib1914,yes 5316-speaker_number-4,5316,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5316-speakers-4,5316,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5316-speaker_number-5,5316,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no 5316-speakers-5,5316,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib67,no -5316-LEI-1,5316,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5316-vitality-1,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5316-LEI-1,5316,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5316-vitality-1,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5316-LEI-2,5316,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older adults.,bib71,no 5316-transmission-2,5316,transmission,5,transmission-5,Mainly older adults.,bib71,no 5316-speaker_number_trends-2,5316,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Mainly older adults.,bib71,no 5316-vitality-2,5316,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib71,no -5316-LEI-3,5316,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -5316-vitality-3,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +5316-LEI-3,5316,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +5316-vitality-3,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 5316-LEI-4,5316,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5316-vitality-4,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5316-LEI-5,5316,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5316-vitality-5,5316,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5317-location-1,5317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.136, -75.2453]]}",,,bib5307,no +5317-location-1,5317,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.136, -75.2453]]}",,,bib5330,no 5317-location-2,5317,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib67,yes 5317-speaker_number-1,5317,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 5317-speakers-1,5317,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no @@ -53515,73 +53701,73 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5317-vitality-1,5317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5317-LEI-2,5317,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5317-vitality-2,5317,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5318-location-1,5318,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.8519, 99.6659]]}",,,bib5307,no -5318-location-2,5318,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Yalong, Xinlong and Litang counties""}",,,bib1205,yes +5318-location-1,5318,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.8519, 99.6659]]}",,,bib5330,no +5318-location-2,5318,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Yalong, Xinlong and Litang counties""}",,,bib1214,yes 5318-location-3,5318,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -5318-speaker_number-1,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5318-speakers-1,5318,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5318-speaker_number-2,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -5318-speakers-2,5318,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes +5318-speaker_number-1,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5318-speakers-1,5318,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5318-speaker_number-2,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +5318-speakers-2,5318,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes 5318-speaker_number-3,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5318-speakers-3,5318,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5318-speaker_number-4,5318,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 (1995)",bib67,no 5318-speakers-4,5318,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 (1995)",bib67,no -5318-LEI-1,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5318-vitality-1,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5318-LEI-2,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5318-vitality-2,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes +5318-LEI-1,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5318-vitality-1,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5318-LEI-2,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5318-vitality-2,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes 5318-LEI-3,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5318-vitality-3,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5318-LEI-4,5318,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5318-vitality-4,5318,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -532-context-1,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja, Fulfulde, Mambila"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Cambap speakers now speak primarly Kwanja; which dialect depends on the village... In most cases it is the Sundani dialect which is favoured, though some use Ndung. Many are able to speak Kwanja dialects; in addition, many have some command of Fulfulde and some speak a variety of Mambila.",bib1790,no -532-context-2,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja;""}",,,bib1786,yes -532-context-3,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja;""}",,"[Cambap's] speakers are bilingual in another variety of Mambiloid, Kwanja, which is now spoken as a first language.",bib7615,no +532-context-1,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja, Fulfulde, Mambila"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All Cambap speakers now speak primarly Kwanja; which dialect depends on the village... In most cases it is the Sundani dialect which is favoured, though some use Ndung. Many are able to speak Kwanja dialects; in addition, many have some command of Fulfulde and some speak a variety of Mambila.",bib1802,no +532-context-2,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja;""}",,,bib1798,yes +532-context-3,532,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja;""}",,"[Cambap's] speakers are bilingual in another variety of Mambiloid, Kwanja, which is now spoken as a first language.",bib7640,no 532-location-1,532,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.120244, 11.488438]]}",,,bib67,no -532-location-2,532,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria, Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Cambap speakers (who call themselves Camba) are found in a number of Kwanja villages, and although three villages in the area, Sango, Camba, and Ndem Ndem are said to be Camba villages, there is no concentration of Cambap speakers in any of them... According to oral tradition, Cambap... is now removed from the area where it was originally spoken... the region around Djeni Mountain.""}",,,bib1790,no -532-location-3,532,location,"{""Description"": ""Western Cameroon;""}",,,bib7615,no -532-speaker_number-1,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7935,no -532-speakers-1,532,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7935,no +532-location-2,532,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria, Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Cambap speakers (who call themselves Camba) are found in a number of Kwanja villages, and although three villages in the area, Sango, Camba, and Ndem Ndem are said to be Camba villages, there is no concentration of Cambap speakers in any of them... According to oral tradition, Cambap... is now removed from the area where it was originally spoken... the region around Djeni Mountain.""}",,,bib1802,no +532-location-3,532,location,"{""Description"": ""Western Cameroon;""}",,,bib7640,no +532-speaker_number-1,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7960,no +532-speakers-1,532,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7960,no 532-speaker_number-2,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Connell (2000). Ethnic population: 1,000 or fewer (SIL 1991).",bib67,no 532-speakers-2,532,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from B. Connell (2000). Ethnic population: 1,000 or fewer (SIL 1991).",bib67,no -532-speaker_number-3,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1790,no -532-speakers-3,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1790,no -532-speaker_number-4,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,yes -532-speakers-4,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,yes -532-speaker_number-5,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Twendi has approximately 35 speakers still actively using the language, with the youngest being in his mid-forties.",bib1784,no -532-speakers-5,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Twendi has approximately 35 speakers still actively using the language, with the youngest being in his mid-forties.",bib1784,no +532-speaker_number-3,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1802,no +532-speakers-3,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1802,no +532-speaker_number-4,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,yes +532-speakers-4,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,yes +532-speaker_number-5,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Twendi has approximately 35 speakers still actively using the language, with the youngest being in his mid-forties.",bib1796,no +532-speakers-5,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Twendi has approximately 35 speakers still actively using the language, with the youngest being in his mid-forties.",bib1796,no 532-speaker_number-6,532,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 532-speakers-6,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -532-speaker_number-7,532,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -532-speakers-7,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -532-LEI-1,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -532-vitality-1,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no +532-speaker_number-7,532,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +532-speakers-7,532,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +532-LEI-1,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +532-vitality-1,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no 532-LEI-2,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 532-vitality-2,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -532-LEI-3,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1790,no -532-transmission-3,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1790,no -532-domains_of_use-3,532,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1790,no -532-speaker_number_trends-3,532,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1790,no -532-vitality-3,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1790,no -532-LEI-4,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -532-transmission-4,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1786,yes -532-vitality-4,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1786,yes -532-LEI-5,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1784,no -532-transmission-5,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1784,no -532-vitality-5,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1784,no +532-LEI-3,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1802,no +532-transmission-3,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1802,no +532-domains_of_use-3,532,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1802,no +532-speaker_number_trends-3,532,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1802,no +532-vitality-3,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The youngest speaker is about 50 years old, though some younger Camba appear to be showing some interest in learning the language and understand it to some extent.",bib1802,no +532-LEI-4,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +532-transmission-4,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1798,yes +532-vitality-4,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1798,yes +532-LEI-5,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1796,no +532-transmission-5,532,transmission,4,transmission-4,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1796,no +532-vitality-5,532,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language is not being transmitted to the younger generations.,bib1796,no 532-LEI-6,532,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 532-vitality-6,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -532-LEI-7,532,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -532-vitality-7,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -5323-location-1,5323,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.1874, 87.1902]]}",,,bib5307,yes +532-LEI-7,532,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +532-vitality-7,532,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +5323-location-1,5323,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.1874, 87.1902]]}",,,bib5330,yes 5323-location-2,5323,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5323-speaker_number-1,5323,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -5323-speakers-1,5323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,609"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes +5323-speaker_number-1,5323,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +5323-speakers-1,5323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,609"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes 5323-speaker_number-2,5323,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5323-speakers-2,5323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,609"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5323-speakers-3,5323,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""220""}",,2001 (census),bib67,no -5323-LEI-1,5323,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -5323-vitality-1,5323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +5323-LEI-1,5323,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +5323-vitality-1,5323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 5323-LEI-2,5323,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5323-vitality-2,5323,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5324-location-1,5324,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.38, 136.35]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -53595,7 +53781,7 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5324-LEI-2,5324,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5324-vitality-2,5324,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5325-location-1,5325,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,yes -5325-location-2,5325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5441, 87.1401]]}",,,bib5307,no +5325-location-2,5325,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5441, 87.1401]]}",,,bib5330,no 5325-location-3,5325,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no 5325-speaker_number-1,5325,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker number and the ethnic number listed in 2011 census are both for Mewahang Bala.,bib140,yes 5325-speakers-1,5325,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker number and the ethnic number listed in 2011 census are both for Mewahang Bala.,bib140,yes @@ -53607,112 +53793,112 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5325-LEI-2,5325,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5325-vitality-2,5325,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5326-location-1,5326,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Madang Province, Keram river area, to East Sepik Province border, lower Ramu valley.""}",,,bib69,no -5326-location-2,5326,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""about 50 villages: Anjo, Moli, Mui, Numari, Sori, Tovini, Baibu, Bamfu, Boro, Brokoto, Bumbera, Bunungom, Chungrebu, Djam, Dubu, Gokto, Gongaut?, Grengabu, Guasingi, Iongitabu, Jitibu, Jongui, Kangewibu?, Kiga, Kontrabagu?, Kragabu, Litibu, Manum?, Meleto, Merembu?, Moibu, Mungeibu, Nabringi, Nagrubu, Nalisa, Nambabu, Nanikeso, Ningaibu?, Nodabu, Ourabu?, Pakingibu, Rebu, Sabu, Tauba, Ungali?, Urineibu, Vimvitabu, Wabesa, Wai?, Watabu, Wobu, Nongito, Toboro, and Westo.""}",,,bib4545,no -5326-location-3,5326,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Rao people inhabit an area of north eastern New Guinea along the Ramu and Keram Rivers, 80-100 kilometres inland from Hansa Bay.""}",,,bib6998,yes +5326-location-2,5326,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""about 50 villages: Anjo, Moli, Mui, Numari, Sori, Tovini, Baibu, Bamfu, Boro, Brokoto, Bumbera, Bunungom, Chungrebu, Djam, Dubu, Gokto, Gongaut?, Grengabu, Guasingi, Iongitabu, Jitibu, Jongui, Kangewibu?, Kiga, Kontrabagu?, Kragabu, Litibu, Manum?, Meleto, Merembu?, Moibu, Mungeibu, Nabringi, Nagrubu, Nalisa, Nambabu, Nanikeso, Ningaibu?, Nodabu, Ourabu?, Pakingibu, Rebu, Sabu, Tauba, Ungali?, Urineibu, Vimvitabu, Wabesa, Wai?, Watabu, Wobu, Nongito, Toboro, and Westo.""}",,,bib4566,no +5326-location-3,5326,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""The Rao people inhabit an area of north eastern New Guinea along the Ramu and Keram Rivers, 80-100 kilometres inland from Hansa Bay.""}",,,bib7022,yes 5326-location-4,5326,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.75, 144.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5326-speaker_number-1,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5326-speakers-1,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5326-speaker_number-2,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1992 UBS),bib69,no 5326-speakers-2,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1992 UBS),bib69,no -5326-speaker_number-3,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4545,no -5326-speakers-3,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4545,no -5326-speaker_number-4,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6998,yes -5326-speakers-4,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6998,yes +5326-speaker_number-3,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4566,no +5326-speakers-3,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,208"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4566,no +5326-speaker_number-4,5326,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7022,yes +5326-speakers-4,5326,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7022,yes 5326-LEI-1,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5326-vitality-1,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5326-LEI-2,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5326-vitality-2,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5326-LEI-3,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,no -5326-vitality-3,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,no -5326-LEI-4,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6998,yes -5326-vitality-4,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6998,yes -5327-location-1,5327,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3595, 86.9979]]}",,,bib5307,yes -5327-location-2,5327,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""in a territory which straddles both Sa\u1e45khuv\u0101 Sabh\u0101 and Bhojpur districts along the Irkhuv\u0101 River, a western tributary of the Aru\u1e47.\"" (p.704)""}",,,bib7523,no +5326-LEI-3,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,no +5326-vitality-3,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,no +5326-LEI-4,5326,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7022,yes +5326-vitality-4,5326,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7022,yes +5327-location-1,5327,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3595, 86.9979]]}",,,bib5330,yes +5327-location-2,5327,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""in a territory which straddles both Sa\u1e45khuv\u0101 Sabh\u0101 and Bhojpur districts along the Irkhuv\u0101 River, a western tributary of the Aru\u1e47.\"" (p.704)""}",,,bib7548,no 5327-location-3,5327,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5327-speaker_number-1,5327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,yes -5327-speakers-1,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,yes -5327-speakers-2,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,The speaker number is small.,bib7523,no +5327-speaker_number-1,5327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,yes +5327-speakers-1,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,yes +5327-speakers-2,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,The speaker number is small.,bib7548,no 5327-speaker_number-4,5327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5327-speakers-4,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 5327-speaker_number-5,5327,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 5327-speakers-5,5327,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -5327-LEI-1,5327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -5327-vitality-1,5327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +5327-LEI-1,5327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +5327-vitality-1,5327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 5327-LEI-2,5327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5327-vitality-2,5327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5327-LEI-3,5327,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5327-vitality-3,5327,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5328-location-1,5328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +5328-location-1,5328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 5328-location-2,5328,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Qazvin and Kuhpayeh area, Razajerd.""}",,,bib69,yes 5328-location-3,5328,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.266931, 50.0039]]}",,,bib75,no 5328-speakers-1,5328,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,yes -5329-context-1,5329,context,"{""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""a few""}",,"Most of the Raute are forest nomads who have little contact with outsiders and remain monolingual. Some group members go to villages for trading when necessary, so they may be able to speak a little bit local languages such as Hindi or Nepali.",bib2698,yes -5329-location-1,5329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.9744, 80.7969]]}",,,bib5307,no -5329-location-2,5329,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""the monsoon forests of western Nepal""}",,"The Raute are foraging nomads. They move around within the forests/western Himalayan ridges, and sometimes even move into the part of forests located in India.",bib2698,yes +5329-context-1,5329,context,"{""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""a few""}",,"Most of the Raute are forest nomads who have little contact with outsiders and remain monolingual. Some group members go to villages for trading when necessary, so they may be able to speak a little bit local languages such as Hindi or Nepali.",bib2711,yes +5329-location-1,5329,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.9744, 80.7969]]}",,,bib5330,no +5329-location-2,5329,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""the monsoon forests of western Nepal""}",,"The Raute are foraging nomads. They move around within the forests/western Himalayan ridges, and sometimes even move into the part of forests located in India.",bib2711,yes 5329-location-3,5329,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5329-speaker_number-1,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5329-speakers-1,5329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5329-speaker_number-2,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2698,yes -5329-speakers-2,5329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2698,yes +5329-speaker_number-1,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5329-speakers-1,5329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5329-speaker_number-2,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2711,yes +5329-speakers-2,5329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2711,yes 5329-speaker_number-3,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5329-speakers-3,5329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""518"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5329-speaker_number-4,5329,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,130 nomadic Raute.,bib67,no 5329-speakers-4,5329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""658"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,130 nomadic Raute.,bib67,no -5329-LEI-1,5329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5329-vitality-1,5329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5329-LEI-2,5329,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2698,yes -5329-transmission-2,5329,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2698,yes -5329-domains_of_use-2,5329,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2698,yes -5329-speaker_number_trends-2,5329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2698,yes -5329-vitality-2,5329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2698,yes +5329-LEI-1,5329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5329-vitality-1,5329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5329-LEI-2,5329,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2711,yes +5329-transmission-2,5329,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2711,yes +5329-domains_of_use-2,5329,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2711,yes +5329-speaker_number_trends-2,5329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2711,yes +5329-vitality-2,5329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Most of the Raute refuse to settle down and they don't go to school. Therefore, they remain illiterate and monolingual.",bib2711,yes 5329-LEI-3,5329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5329-vitality-3,5329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5329-LEI-4,5329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 5329-vitality-4,5329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -533-context-1,533,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most situations""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mvop (Mambila), Fulfulde, French, Mbar (Mambila)""}",,"The Njerep speakers and their children listed Mvop, the Mambila lect (also called Ba) of the surrounding community, as the language of daily use, both inside and outside the home. Most also know some Fulfulde, and the younger ones (i.e. those who have been to school) also have some command of French, though use of these two languages is generally restricted to specific situations. Other languages, particularly the Mambila lect of Mbar, spoken mainly at Mbar on the Mambila plateau, are also spoken in the hamlet of Mvamngo",bib1790,no -533-context-2,533,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mambila""}",,,bib1786,yes -533-location-1,533,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Njerep is, or was, most recently spoken in the Ba Mambila Village of Somi\u00e9... They [the Njerep] are immigrants to their present location.""}",,,bib1790,no -533-location-2,533,location,"{""Description"": ""Mambila village of Somi\u00e9 in Adamawa Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib8033,no -533-speaker_number-1,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The census, done in January 1997, recorded 192 people living in the hamlet of Njerep (Mvamngo). Of these, almost half represent a recent immigration population. Only four listed Njerep as a language used at home... A fifth person indicated Njerep as a language she used outside the home (she is Njerep married to a non-Njerep), and a sixth Njerep speaker is known to live outside the hamlet in another quarter of Somié... The youngest of the Njerep speakers is now in her fifties",bib1790,no -533-speakers-1,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The census, done in January 1997, recorded 192 people living in the hamlet of Njerep (Mvamngo). Of these, almost half represent a recent immigration population. Only four listed Njerep as a language used at home... A fifth person indicated Njerep as a language she used outside the home (she is Njerep married to a non-Njerep), and a sixth Njerep speaker is known to live outside the hamlet in another quarter of Somié... The youngest of the Njerep speakers is now in her fifties",bib1790,no -533-speaker_number-2,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -533-speakers-2,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -533-speakers-3,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,"The survivors, it appears, are not up to the status of 'semi-speaker,' but are best viewed as 'rememberers.'",bib8033,no -533-speakers-4,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7615,no -533-speaker_number-5,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib605,no -533-speakers-5,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,,bib605,no -533-LEI-1,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1790,no -533-transmission-1,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1790,no -533-domains_of_use-1,533,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1790,no -533-speaker_number_trends-1,533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1790,no -533-vitality-1,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1790,no -533-LEI-2,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1786,yes -533-transmission-2,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1786,yes -533-vitality-2,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1786,yes -533-LEI-3,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8033,no -533-transmission-3,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8033,no -533-domains_of_use-3,533,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8033,no -533-vitality-3,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8033,no -533-LEI-4,533,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7615,no -533-domains_of_use-4,533,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7615,no -533-vitality-4,533,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7615,no -533-LEI-5,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -533-transmission-5,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib605,no -533-vitality-5,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib605,no +533-context-1,533,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Most situations""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mvop (Mambila), Fulfulde, French, Mbar (Mambila)""}",,"The Njerep speakers and their children listed Mvop, the Mambila lect (also called Ba) of the surrounding community, as the language of daily use, both inside and outside the home. Most also know some Fulfulde, and the younger ones (i.e. those who have been to school) also have some command of French, though use of these two languages is generally restricted to specific situations. Other languages, particularly the Mambila lect of Mbar, spoken mainly at Mbar on the Mambila plateau, are also spoken in the hamlet of Mvamngo",bib1802,no +533-context-2,533,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mambila""}",,,bib1798,yes +533-location-1,533,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Njerep is, or was, most recently spoken in the Ba Mambila Village of Somi\u00e9... They [the Njerep] are immigrants to their present location.""}",,,bib1802,no +533-location-2,533,location,"{""Description"": ""Mambila village of Somi\u00e9 in Adamawa Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib8058,no +533-speaker_number-1,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The census, done in January 1997, recorded 192 people living in the hamlet of Njerep (Mvamngo). Of these, almost half represent a recent immigration population. Only four listed Njerep as a language used at home... A fifth person indicated Njerep as a language she used outside the home (she is Njerep married to a non-Njerep), and a sixth Njerep speaker is known to live outside the hamlet in another quarter of Somié... The youngest of the Njerep speakers is now in her fifties",bib1802,no +533-speakers-1,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The census, done in January 1997, recorded 192 people living in the hamlet of Njerep (Mvamngo). Of these, almost half represent a recent immigration population. Only four listed Njerep as a language used at home... A fifth person indicated Njerep as a language she used outside the home (she is Njerep married to a non-Njerep), and a sixth Njerep speaker is known to live outside the hamlet in another quarter of Somié... The youngest of the Njerep speakers is now in her fifties",bib1802,no +533-speaker_number-2,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +533-speakers-2,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +533-speakers-3,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,"The survivors, it appears, are not up to the status of 'semi-speaker,' but are best viewed as 'rememberers.'",bib8058,no +533-speakers-4,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7640,no +533-speaker_number-5,533,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib608,no +533-speakers-5,533,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,,bib608,no +533-LEI-1,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1802,no +533-transmission-1,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1802,no +533-domains_of_use-1,533,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1802,no +533-speaker_number_trends-1,533,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1802,no +533-vitality-1,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It [Njerep] is no longer used on a daily basis, though when together the few people who know the language may use it for joking or if they don't want to be understood by others.",bib1802,no +533-LEI-2,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1798,yes +533-transmission-2,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1798,yes +533-vitality-2,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Youngest speaker aged about 60,bib1798,yes +533-LEI-3,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8058,no +533-transmission-3,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8058,no +533-domains_of_use-3,533,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8058,no +533-vitality-3,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Njerep today is not a language of daily use. It is known--or remembered--by a small handful of people.... Of six people who have some scattered knowledge of the language, there is but one elderly man, Mial, who may still be capable of conversing in it to any extent.",bib8058,no +533-LEI-4,533,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7640,no +533-domains_of_use-4,533,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7640,no +533-vitality-4,533,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Apparently, the Njerep language is no longer used for communication. Instead, people now use the language of the surrounding community, Ba or Mvop.",bib7640,no +533-LEI-5,533,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +533-transmission-5,533,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib608,no +533-vitality-5,533,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib608,no 5330-context-1,5330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Reo Rapa, Tahitian, French"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"The Old Rapa language is not used regularly in any domain, though in certain cultural activities, more of it is used. Reo Rapa is used at home and in the church. This along side Tahitian and French, which dominate in all other domains (gov't, school)",bib131,yes -5330-location-1,5330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.8973, -143.5034]]}",,,bib5307,no +5330-location-1,5330,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.8973, -143.5034]]}",,,bib5330,no 5330-location-2,5330,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""], ""Description"": ""The island of Rapa Iti, southern Austral Islands"", ""Coordinates"": [[-27.608, -144.3407]]}",,,bib131,yes 5330-location-3,5330,location,"{""Places"": [""French Polynesia""]}",,,bib67,no -5330-speaker_number-1,5330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5330-speakers-1,5330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5330-speaker_number-1,5330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5330-speakers-1,5330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5330-speaker_number-2,5330,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About 300 people speak the Mixed Tahitian-Rapa language known as ""Reo Rapa"".",bib131,yes 5330-speakers-2,5330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""less than 50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"About 300 people speak the Mixed Tahitian-Rapa language known as ""Reo Rapa"".",bib131,yes 5330-speaker_number-3,5330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5330-speakers-3,5330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""521"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5330-speaker_number-4,5330,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,520 (1998 K. Rutter),bib67,no 5330-speakers-4,5330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,520 (1998 K. Rutter),bib67,no -5330-LEI-1,5330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5330-vitality-1,5330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5330-LEI-1,5330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5330-vitality-1,5330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5330-LEI-2,5330,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Only about 10-15% of the ethnic population speak Rapa. About 75% of the ethnic population speak the Tahitian-Rapa mixed language ""Reo Rapa"".",bib131,yes 5330-transmission-2,5330,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Only about 10-15% of the ethnic population speak Rapa. About 75% of the ethnic population speak the Tahitian-Rapa mixed language ""Reo Rapa"".",bib131,yes 5330-domains_of_use-2,5330,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Only about 10-15% of the ethnic population speak Rapa. About 75% of the ethnic population speak the Tahitian-Rapa mixed language ""Reo Rapa"".",bib131,yes @@ -53722,27 +53908,27 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5330-vitality-3,5330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5330-LEI-4,5330,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5330-vitality-4,5330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5332-location-1,5332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5307,no +5332-location-1,5332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.2036, 48.2519]]}",,,bib5330,no 5332-location-2,5332,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Zanjan Province, Sefid Rud valley.""}",,,bib69,yes -5332-location-3,5332,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Le district de Ru\u0302dbar est situe\u0301 sur la route de Qazvin a\u0300 Rasht. Il couvre la valle\u0301e du Qezel Owzan sur environ 6 farsax, de Manjil au voisinage d'Ema\u0302mza\u0302de\u0301 Ha\u0302shem"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.8, 49.4]]}",,,bib4550,no +5332-location-3,5332,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Le district de Ru\u0302dbar est situe\u0301 sur la route de Qazvin a\u0300 Rasht. Il couvre la valle\u0301e du Qezel Owzan sur environ 6 farsax, de Manjil au voisinage d'Ema\u0302mza\u0302de\u0301 Ha\u0302shem"", ""Coordinates"": [[36.8, 49.4]]}",,,bib4571,no 5332-location-4,5332,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.09, 49.88]]}",,,bib75,no 5332-speakers-1,5332,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,yes -5332-speakers-2,5332,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1949""}",,,bib4550,no -5334-location-1,5334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.3583, 166.8988]]}",,,bib5307,no -5334-location-2,5334,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.26943, 166.973317]]}",,,bib395,no +5332-speakers-2,5332,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1949""}",,,bib4571,no +5334-location-1,5334,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.3583, 166.8988]]}",,,bib5330,no +5334-location-2,5334,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Espiritu Santo"", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.26943, 166.973317]]}",,,bib396,no 5334-location-3,5334,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,yes -5334-speaker_number-1,5334,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5334-speakers-1,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5334-speaker_number-2,5334,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -5334-speakers-2,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +5334-speaker_number-1,5334,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5334-speakers-1,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5334-speaker_number-2,5334,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +5334-speakers-2,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 5334-speaker_number-3,5334,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5334-speakers-3,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5334-speaker_number-4,5334,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,75 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,yes 5334-speakers-4,5334,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,75 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,yes -5334-LEI-1,5334,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5334-vitality-1,5334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5334-LEI-2,5334,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -5334-vitality-2,5334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +5334-LEI-1,5334,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5334-vitality-1,5334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5334-LEI-2,5334,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +5334-vitality-2,5334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 5334-LEI-3,5334,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5334-vitality-3,5334,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5334-LEI-4,5334,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -53757,7 +53943,7 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5335-vitality-1,5335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5335-LEI-3,5335,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5335-vitality-3,5335,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5336-location-1,5336,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.9048, 98.2342]]}",,,bib5307,no +5336-location-1,5336,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.9048, 98.2342]]}",,,bib5330,no 5336-location-2,5336,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""China""]}",,,bib67,yes 5336-speaker_number-1,5336,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5336-speakers-1,5336,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,819"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -53767,34 +53953,34 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5336-vitality-1,5336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5336-LEI-2,5336,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5336-vitality-2,5336,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5337-context-1,5337,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib718,yes -5337-location-1,5337,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib718,yes -5337-location-2,5337,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.588, 106.9438]]}",,,bib5307,no +5337-context-1,5337,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib722,yes +5337-location-1,5337,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib722,yes +5337-location-2,5337,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Coordinates"": [[13.588, 106.9438]]}",,,bib5330,no 5337-location-3,5337,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""]}",,,bib67,no -5337-speaker_number-1,5337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib718,yes -5337-speakers-1,5337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 CAS"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib718,yes +5337-speaker_number-1,5337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib722,yes +5337-speakers-1,5337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996 CAS"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib722,yes 5337-speaker_number-2,5337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5337-speakers-2,5337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5337-speaker_number-3,5337,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,960 (1996 CAS)",bib67,no 5337-speakers-3,5337,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,960 (1996 CAS)",bib67,no -5337-LEI-1,5337,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib718,yes -5337-transmission-1,5337,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib718,yes -5337-domains_of_use-1,5337,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib718,yes -5337-vitality-1,5337,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib718,yes +5337-LEI-1,5337,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib722,yes +5337-transmission-1,5337,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib722,yes +5337-domains_of_use-1,5337,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib722,yes +5337-vitality-1,5337,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib722,yes 5337-LEI-2,5337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5337-vitality-2,5337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5337-LEI-3,5337,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5337-vitality-3,5337,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5338-location-1,5338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.4, -161.0]]}",,,bib5307,no +5338-location-1,5338,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.4, -161.0]]}",,,bib5330,no 5338-location-2,5338,location,"{""Places"": [""Cook Islands"", ""New Zealand""]}",,,bib67,yes -5338-speaker_number-1,5338,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5338-speakers-1,5338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5338-speaker_number-1,5338,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5338-speakers-1,5338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5338-speaker_number-2,5338,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5338-speakers-2,5338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5338-speaker_number-3,5338,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"2011 census lists 320 speakers in Cook Islands, with a total population of 2,820 total.",bib67,yes 5338-speakers-3,5338,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"2011 census lists 320 speakers in Cook Islands, with a total population of 2,820 total.",bib67,yes -5338-LEI-1,5338,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5338-vitality-1,5338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5338-LEI-1,5338,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5338-vitality-1,5338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5338-LEI-2,5338,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5338-vitality-2,5338,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5338-LEI-3,5338,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -53809,33 +53995,33 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5339-vitality-1,5339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 5339-LEI-2,5339,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5339-vitality-2,5339,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -534-context-1,534,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sundani Kwanja"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[Njanga] is considered to be a dialect of Kwanja... The Njanga have increasingly intermarried with the Sundani, another Kwanja group, and their dialect of Kwanja is the one now used almost exclusively in the village. A small and decreasing population, together with (or resulting in) the increasing intermarriage with Sundani has apparently been the primary factor in the decline of this language.",bib1790,no -534-context-2,534,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sundani;""}",,,bib6324,yes -534-location-1,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria-Cameroon borderland: Mambila region... Njanga is spoken only in the village of Mbondjanga.""}",,,bib1790,no -534-location-2,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.634598, 11.67572]]}",,"Kwanja is a Mambiloid language spoken in around twenty-five villages spread between Banyo on the Adamawa Plateau of Cameroon and Bankim on the Tikar Plain. Njanga, however, is, and always has been, spoken only in one particular Kwanja village, Mbondjanga.",bib6324,yes -534-location-3,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Village of Mbondjaga, Adamawa Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib7615,no -534-speaker_number-1,534,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1790,no -534-speakers-1,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1790,no -534-speaker_number-2,534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,no -534-speakers-2,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,no -534-speaker_number-3,534,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6324,yes -534-speakers-3,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib6324,yes -534-speaker_number-4,534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1785,no -534-speakers-4,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1785,no -534-LEI-1,534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1790,no -534-transmission-1,534,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1790,no -534-domains_of_use-1,534,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1790,no -534-speaker_number_trends-1,534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1790,no -534-vitality-1,534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1790,no -534-LEI-2,534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -534-vitality-2,534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -534-LEI-3,534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6324,yes -534-transmission-3,534,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6324,yes -534-domains_of_use-3,534,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6324,yes -534-speaker_number_trends-3,534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6324,yes -534-vitality-3,534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6324,yes -534-LEI-4,534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is ""no longer spoken at the village level, but essentially used only in the home, or perhaps among friends.""",bib1785,no -534-vitality-4,534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is ""no longer spoken at the village level, but essentially used only in the home, or perhaps among friends.""",bib1785,no +534-context-1,534,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sundani Kwanja"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[Njanga] is considered to be a dialect of Kwanja... The Njanga have increasingly intermarried with the Sundani, another Kwanja group, and their dialect of Kwanja is the one now used almost exclusively in the village. A small and decreasing population, together with (or resulting in) the increasing intermarriage with Sundani has apparently been the primary factor in the decline of this language.",bib1802,no +534-context-2,534,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sundani;""}",,,bib6348,yes +534-location-1,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria-Cameroon borderland: Mambila region... Njanga is spoken only in the village of Mbondjanga.""}",,,bib1802,no +534-location-2,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.634598, 11.67572]]}",,"Kwanja is a Mambiloid language spoken in around twenty-five villages spread between Banyo on the Adamawa Plateau of Cameroon and Bankim on the Tikar Plain. Njanga, however, is, and always has been, spoken only in one particular Kwanja village, Mbondjanga.",bib6348,yes +534-location-3,534,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Village of Mbondjaga, Adamawa Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib7640,no +534-speaker_number-1,534,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1802,no +534-speakers-1,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1802,no +534-speaker_number-2,534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,no +534-speakers-2,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,no +534-speaker_number-3,534,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6348,yes +534-speakers-3,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""6""}",,,bib6348,yes +534-speaker_number-4,534,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1797,no +534-speakers-4,534,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1797,no +534-LEI-1,534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1802,no +534-transmission-1,534,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1802,no +534-domains_of_use-1,534,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1802,no +534-speaker_number_trends-1,534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1802,no +534-vitality-1,534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"It is spoken only by the chief of Mbondjanga and his notable, or dignitary, on a more or less daily basis (""i.e. at some time during the day""); it is not known to what extent it may be understood by older people in the village.",bib1802,no +534-LEI-2,534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +534-vitality-2,534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +534-LEI-3,534,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6348,yes +534-transmission-3,534,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6348,yes +534-domains_of_use-3,534,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6348,yes +534-speaker_number_trends-3,534,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6348,yes +534-vitality-3,534,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Njanga speakers have remained relatively isolated from the direct influence of the Fulbe. Their village is comparatively underdeveloped and less modernized. Indirectly, however, population movements stimulated by the Fulbe arrival in the region brought Njanga speakers into closer contact with speakers of the neighboring dialect Sundani, which has now fully replaced the Njanga... There are now only four remaining speakers of Njanga plus six rememberers, and it has no function, everyday or ceremonial, that is not met by the replacement language. For this reason, Njanga is moribund. Unlike Wawa, the threat to Njanga is not Fulfulde– although almost all people of Mbondjanga speak Fulfulde–but Sundani, a sister dialect and the replacement language.",bib6348,yes +534-LEI-4,534,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is ""no longer spoken at the village level, but essentially used only in the home, or perhaps among friends.""",bib1797,no +534-vitality-4,534,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language is ""no longer spoken at the village level, but essentially used only in the home, or perhaps among friends.""",bib1797,no 5341-location-1,5341,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.0, 38.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5341-location-2,5341,location,"{""Places"": [""Ukraine"", ""Belarus"", ""Estonia"", ""Poland"", ""Lithuania"", ""Russia"", ""Latvia"", ""Albania"", ""Germany"", ""Austria"", ""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Croatia"", ""Finland"", ""France"", ""Greece"", ""Hungary"", ""Italy"", ""Macedonia"", ""Netherlands"", ""Romania"", ""United Kingdom"", ""Slovakia"", ""Slovenia"", ""Switzerland"", ""Czech Republic"", ""Turkey"", ""Serbia"", ""Montenegro""]}",,,bib67,yes 5341-speaker_number-1,5341,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no @@ -53846,9 +54032,9 @@ las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística",bib6262,yes 5341-vitality-1,5341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5341-LEI-2,5341,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5341-vitality-2,5341,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5342-context-1,5342,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are fully bilingual in Romani and Greek... Romani-Greek code-switching is frequent, but Greek is always embedded in a Romani structure",bib6680,no +5342-context-1,5342,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Greek"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All speakers are fully bilingual in Romani and Greek... Romani-Greek code-switching is frequent, but Greek is always embedded in a Romani structure",bib6704,no 5342-location-1,5342,location,"{""Places"": [""Serbia, Moldova, Greece, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Turkey""]}",,,bib70,yes -5342-location-2,5342,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a suburb of the city of Serres in Northern Greece... Varieties of the dialect are spoken in villages within the surrounding areas of Serres, as in the community of Anthi.""}",,,bib6680,no +5342-location-2,5342,location,"{""Places"": [""Greece""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a suburb of the city of Serres in Northern Greece... Varieties of the dialect are spoken in villages within the surrounding areas of Serres, as in the community of Anthi.""}",,,bib6704,no 5342-location-3,5342,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.6666666667, 21.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5342-location-4,5342,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Moldova"", ""Ukraine"", ""Iran"", ""Serbia and Montenegro"", ""France"", ""Germany"", ""Romania"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Hungary"", ""Greece"", ""Italy"", ""Macedonia"", ""Turkey"", ""Albania"", ""Austria"", ""Belarus"", ""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""Croatia"", ""Estonia"", ""Finland"", ""Latvia"", ""Lithuania"", ""Netherlands"", ""Poland"", ""United Kingdom"", ""Russia"", ""Slovakia"", ""Slovenia"", ""Switzerland"", ""Czech Republic"", ""Serbia"", ""Montenegro""]}",,,bib67,no 5342-speaker_number-1,5342,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no @@ -53879,18 +54065,18 @@ Macedonia: 38,500 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 53,900 (2002 census). Moldova: 12,000 (Johnstone 1993). Turkey: 66,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).",bib70,yes -5342-speaker_number-3,5342,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Ajios Athanios is a variety of Balkan Romani belonging to the South Balkan I dialect group.,bib6680,no -5342-speakers-3,5342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800 for Ajios Athanasios variety"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Ajios Athanios is a variety of Balkan Romani belonging to the South Balkan I dialect group.,bib6680,no +5342-speaker_number-3,5342,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Ajios Athanios is a variety of Balkan Romani belonging to the South Balkan I dialect group.,bib6704,no +5342-speakers-3,5342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800 for Ajios Athanasios variety"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Ajios Athanios is a variety of Balkan Romani belonging to the South Balkan I dialect group.,bib6704,no 5342-speaker_number-4,5342,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"120,000 in Serbia. 100,000 Arlija, 20,000 Dzambazi.",bib67,no 5342-speakers-4,5342,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""709,570"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"120,000 in Serbia. 100,000 Arlija, 20,000 Dzambazi.",bib67,no 5342-LEI-1,5342,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5342-vitality-1,5342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5342-LEI-2,5342,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,yes 5342-vitality-2,5342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,yes -5342-LEI-3,5342,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6680,no -5342-transmission-3,5342,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6680,no -5342-domains_of_use-3,5342,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6680,no -5342-vitality-3,5342,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6680,no +5342-LEI-3,5342,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6704,no +5342-transmission-3,5342,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6704,no +5342-domains_of_use-3,5342,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6704,no +5342-vitality-3,5342,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The dialect is spoken by all generations of speakers and the transmission to children is the norm... The dialect is used by all speakers in the private domain (basilectal function) and by the older generation and the female speakers in the semi-public domain (mesolectal function), cf. Sechidou (2008).",bib6704,no 5342-LEI-4,5342,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5342-vitality-4,5342,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5343-location-1,5343,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.5, 16.5]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -53917,108 +54103,108 @@ Turkey: 66,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).",bib70,yes 5346-location-2,5346,location,"{""Places"": [""Moldova"", ""Mexico"", ""Ukraine"", ""USA"", ""Chile"", ""Spain"", ""Sweden"", ""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""France"", ""Poland"", ""Portugal"", ""Germany"", ""Norway"", ""Romania"", ""United Kingdom"", ""Brazil"", ""Canada"", ""Colombia"", ""Hungary"", ""Netherlands"", ""Russia"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Albania"", ""Slovakia"", ""Italy"", ""Greece"", ""Argentina"", ""Austria"", ""Belarus"", ""Croatia"", ""Estonia"", ""Finland"", ""Latvia"", ""Lithuania"", ""Macedonia"", ""Slovenia"", ""Switzerland"", ""Czech Republic"", ""Turkey"", ""Serbia"", ""Montenegro""]}",,,bib67,yes 5346-speaker_number-1,5346,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"242,000 in Romania (2002 census). 6,000,000 to 11,000,000 Gypsies in the world (1987 Ian Hancock).",bib67,yes 5346-speakers-1,5346,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000,000-11,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""885,970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"242,000 in Romania (2002 census). 6,000,000 to 11,000,000 Gypsies in the world (1987 Ian Hancock).",bib67,yes -5346-LEI-1,5346,LEI,"Safe (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3277,no -5346-domains_of_use-1,5346,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3277,no -5346-vitality-1,5346,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3277,no +5346-LEI-1,5346,LEI,"Safe (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3293,no +5346-domains_of_use-1,5346,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3293,no +5346-vitality-1,5346,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Romani is currently a language of legal documents, education, mass media and literature in many of the countries where it is spoken.",bib3293,no 5346-LEI-2,5346,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5346-vitality-2,5346,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5349-context-1,5349,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rennellese""}",,,bib4418,yes -5349-location-1,5349,location,"{""Places"": [""Rennell Island, Solomon Islands""], ""Coordinates"": [[-11.630716, 160.261482]]}",,,bib4418,yes +5349-context-1,5349,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rennellese""}",,,bib4439,yes +5349-location-1,5349,location,"{""Places"": [""Rennell Island, Solomon Islands""], ""Coordinates"": [[-11.630716, 160.261482]]}",,,bib4439,yes 5349-location-2,5349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.62, 160.22]]}",,,bib75,no -5349-speaker_number-1,5349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The last native user was 65+ in 1974. It is likely he has passed on.,bib4418,yes -5349-speakers-1,5349,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several hundred""}",,The last native user was 65+ in 1974. It is likely he has passed on.,bib4418,yes +5349-speaker_number-1,5349,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,The last native user was 65+ in 1974. It is likely he has passed on.,bib4439,yes +5349-speakers-1,5349,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several hundred""}",,The last native user was 65+ in 1974. It is likely he has passed on.,bib4439,yes 5349-speakers-2,5349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -5349-LEI-1,5349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4418,yes -5349-transmission-1,5349,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4418,yes -5349-domains_of_use-1,5349,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4418,yes -5349-speaker_number_trends-1,5349,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib4418,yes -5349-vitality-1,5349,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4418,yes -535-context-1,535,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja, Fulfulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The language spoken at Boung today is the Ndung lect of Kwanja. As elsewhere in the wider region, Fulfulde is also spoken.",bib1790,no -535-location-1,535,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""[Bung] was spoken at the village of Boung on the Adamawa plateau; it is not known whether it was ever more widespread.""}",,,bib1790,no -535-location-2,535,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.5718, 11.8267]]}",,,bib5307,no -535-speakers-1,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"Bung has three people who remember it; the one who apparently knows it best is not a native speaker, though he learned it relatively young.",bib1790,no -535-speakers-2,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3""}",,Remembered best by one non-native speaker,bib1786,yes -535-speaker_number-3,535,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -535-speakers-3,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -535-LEI-1,535,LEI,Dormant,,[Bung] is no longer used.,bib1790,no -535-vitality-1,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,[Bung] is no longer used.,bib1790,no -535-LEI-2,535,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1786,yes -535-vitality-2,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1786,yes -535-LEI-3,535,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -535-vitality-3,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5350-context-1,5350,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,shift to Garo,bib1353,yes -5350-location-1,5350,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 90.4614]]}",,,bib5307,no -5350-location-2,5350,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""a small area in the south central part of the Garo Hills""}",,,bib1353,yes +5349-LEI-1,5349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4439,yes +5349-transmission-1,5349,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4439,yes +5349-domains_of_use-1,5349,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib4439,yes +5349-speaker_number_trends-1,5349,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib4439,yes +5349-vitality-1,5349,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4439,yes +535-context-1,535,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwanja, Fulfulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The language spoken at Boung today is the Ndung lect of Kwanja. As elsewhere in the wider region, Fulfulde is also spoken.",bib1802,no +535-location-1,535,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""[Bung] was spoken at the village of Boung on the Adamawa plateau; it is not known whether it was ever more widespread.""}",,,bib1802,no +535-location-2,535,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.5718, 11.8267]]}",,,bib5330,no +535-speakers-1,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,"Bung has three people who remember it; the one who apparently knows it best is not a native speaker, though he learned it relatively young.",bib1802,no +535-speakers-2,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3""}",,Remembered best by one non-native speaker,bib1798,yes +535-speaker_number-3,535,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +535-speakers-3,535,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +535-LEI-1,535,LEI,Dormant,,[Bung] is no longer used.,bib1802,no +535-vitality-1,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,[Bung] is no longer used.,bib1802,no +535-LEI-2,535,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1798,yes +535-vitality-2,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1798,yes +535-LEI-3,535,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +535-vitality-3,535,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5350-context-1,5350,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Garo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,shift to Garo,bib1365,yes +5350-location-1,5350,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.2844, 90.4614]]}",,,bib5330,no +5350-location-2,5350,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""a small area in the south central part of the Garo Hills""}",,,bib1365,yes 5350-location-3,5350,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -5350-speaker_number-1,5350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5350-speakers-1,5350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5350-speaker_number-2,5350,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1353,yes -5350-speakers-2,5350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1353,yes +5350-speaker_number-1,5350,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5350-speakers-1,5350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5350-speaker_number-2,5350,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1365,yes +5350-speakers-2,5350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1365,yes 5350-speakers-3,5350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -5350-LEI-1,5350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5350-vitality-1,5350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5350-LEI-2,5350,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1353,yes -5350-transmission-2,5350,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1353,yes -5350-domains_of_use-2,5350,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1353,yes -5350-speaker_number_trends-2,5350,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1353,yes -5350-vitality-2,5350,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1353,yes -5353-context-1,5353,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2270,yes -5353-location-1,5353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.342, 124.1537]]}",,,bib5307,no -5353-location-2,5353,location,"{""Description"": ""Yaeyama is spoken in the Yaeyama Islands, at the very south of the Ryukyu Archipelago. The geographic spread of the isalnds has led to decreased intelligibility between dialects.""}",,,bib577,no -5353-location-3,5353,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""The Yaeyama (\u516b\u91cd\u5c71) Islands""}",,,bib2270,yes +5350-LEI-1,5350,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5350-vitality-1,5350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5350-LEI-2,5350,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1365,yes +5350-transmission-2,5350,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1365,yes +5350-domains_of_use-2,5350,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1365,yes +5350-speaker_number_trends-2,5350,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1365,yes +5350-vitality-2,5350,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""[T]he Ruga language now appears to be moribund. A few older people can still speak what they consider to be Ruga, but the speech of those I have met is heavily influenced by Garo, and the remaining speakers admit that they are more comfortable with Garo than with Ruga. They lack the fluency that they remember in their parents. Their children, they tell me, speak only Garo, though they may understand the Ruga of the older people. I doubt if anyone born after 1950 would claim to be able to speak Ruga."" (p.11-12)",bib1365,yes +5353-context-1,5353,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2283,yes +5353-location-1,5353,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.342, 124.1537]]}",,,bib5330,no +5353-location-2,5353,location,"{""Description"": ""Yaeyama is spoken in the Yaeyama Islands, at the very south of the Ryukyu Archipelago. The geographic spread of the isalnds has led to decreased intelligibility between dialects.""}",,,bib580,no +5353-location-3,5353,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""], ""Description"": ""The Yaeyama (\u516b\u91cd\u5c71) Islands""}",,,bib2283,yes 5353-location-4,5353,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib67,no -5353-speaker_number-1,5353,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Aso states that her ""fieldwork observations indicate that Yaeyama is primarily spoken by people over the age of 70. The 2010 national census counted 6,842 inhabitants older than 70 in Yaeyuma’s geographical area. However, one would need to add those people who moved away from Yaeyama to this number and subtract all those who came from outside and settled in Yaeyama. A realistic range for the number of speakers of Yaeyama is thus roughly 7,000 to 10,000.""",bib577,no -5353-speakers-1,5353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000 ~ 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Aso states that her ""fieldwork observations indicate that Yaeyama is primarily spoken by people over the age of 70. The 2010 national census counted 6,842 inhabitants older than 70 in Yaeyuma’s geographical area. However, one would need to add those people who moved away from Yaeyama to this number and subtract all those who came from outside and settled in Yaeyama. A realistic range for the number of speakers of Yaeyama is thus roughly 7,000 to 10,000.""",bib577,no -5353-speaker_number-2,5353,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yaeyama and Japanese.,bib2270,yes -5353-speakers-2,5353,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown; perhaps only a few thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yaeyama and Japanese.,bib2270,yes +5353-speaker_number-1,5353,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Aso states that her ""fieldwork observations indicate that Yaeyama is primarily spoken by people over the age of 70. The 2010 national census counted 6,842 inhabitants older than 70 in Yaeyuma’s geographical area. However, one would need to add those people who moved away from Yaeyama to this number and subtract all those who came from outside and settled in Yaeyama. A realistic range for the number of speakers of Yaeyama is thus roughly 7,000 to 10,000.""",bib580,no +5353-speakers-1,5353,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000 ~ 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Aso states that her ""fieldwork observations indicate that Yaeyama is primarily spoken by people over the age of 70. The 2010 national census counted 6,842 inhabitants older than 70 in Yaeyuma’s geographical area. However, one would need to add those people who moved away from Yaeyama to this number and subtract all those who came from outside and settled in Yaeyama. A realistic range for the number of speakers of Yaeyama is thus roughly 7,000 to 10,000.""",bib580,no +5353-speaker_number-2,5353,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yaeyama and Japanese.,bib2283,yes +5353-speakers-2,5353,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown; perhaps only a few thousand"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in Yaeyama and Japanese.,bib2283,yes 5353-speakers-3,5353,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47,636"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib67,no -5353-LEI-1,5353,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib577,no -5353-transmission-1,5353,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib577,no -5353-vitality-1,5353,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib577,no -5353-LEI-2,5353,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,yes -5353-transmission-2,5353,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,yes -5353-domains_of_use-2,5353,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,yes -5353-speaker_number_trends-2,5353,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,yes -5353-vitality-2,5353,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,yes -5354-context-2,5354,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2270,no +5353-LEI-1,5353,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib580,no +5353-transmission-1,5353,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib580,no +5353-vitality-1,5353,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib580,no +5353-LEI-2,5353,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,yes +5353-transmission-2,5353,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,yes +5353-domains_of_use-2,5353,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,yes +5353-speaker_number_trends-2,5353,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,yes +5353-vitality-2,5353,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Younger Yaeyama speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 Yaeyama learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,yes +5354-context-2,5354,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Japanese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"'Language nest' is implemented at the community level, though the government has issued statements that it is certainly not opposed.",bib2283,no 5354-location-1,5354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5, 127.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5354-location-2,5354,location,"{""Places"": [""Japan""]}",,,bib67,no 5354-location-3,5354,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.1485, 127.782]]}",,,bib75,no 5354-speaker_number-1,5354,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"984,000 (2000). Ethnic population: Total ethnic population of Okinawan is 1,200,000 (2000 Yukio)",bib67,no 5354-speakers-1,5354,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""984,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"984,000 (2000). Ethnic population: Total ethnic population of Okinawan is 1,200,000 (2000 Yukio)",bib67,no -5354-speakers-2,5354,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in South-Central Okinawan and Japanese.,bib2270,no -5354-speaker_number-3,5354,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6170,yes -5354-speakers-3,5354,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""950,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""95,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""190,000""}",,,bib6170,yes +5354-speakers-2,5354,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""The total of all the Okinawan speakers is somewhere around 100,000."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014""}",,Most speakers are over the age of 50 and are bilingual in South-Central Okinawan and Japanese.,bib2283,no +5354-speaker_number-3,5354,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6194,yes +5354-speakers-3,5354,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""950,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""95,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""190,000""}",,,bib6194,yes 5354-speaker_number-4,5354,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 5354-speakers-4,5354,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""984,285"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 5354-LEI-1,5354,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5354-vitality-1,5354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5354-LEI-2,5354,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -5354-transmission-2,5354,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -5354-domains_of_use-2,5354,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -5354-speaker_number_trends-2,5354,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -5354-vitality-2,5354,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2270,no -5354-LEI-3,5354,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6170,yes -5354-transmission-3,5354,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6170,yes -5354-speaker_number_trends-3,5354,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6170,yes -5354-vitality-3,5354,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6170,yes +5354-LEI-2,5354,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +5354-transmission-2,5354,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +5354-domains_of_use-2,5354,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +5354-speaker_number_trends-2,5354,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +5354-vitality-2,5354,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Younger Okinawan speakers are L1 Japanese speakers, and L2 South-Central Okinawan learners (most people under 40 who learn are involved in traditional Okinawan culture, like the theater, with a growing number of language activists). And basically no children learn it at home from their parents, though there have been efforts to establish a language nest.",bib2283,no +5354-LEI-3,5354,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6194,yes +5354-transmission-3,5354,transmission,4,transmission-4,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6194,yes +5354-speaker_number_trends-3,5354,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6194,yes +5354-vitality-3,5354,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The rate of comprehension and contact sharply declines in younger generations, with those in their 40s understanding only passively or minimally, and other [younger] generations having absolutely no understanding of the language other than a few key phrases and set expressions.",bib6194,yes 5354-LEI-4,5354,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5354-vitality-4,5354,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5357-location-1,5357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.44052, 141.8483]]}",,,bib7945,no +5357-location-1,5357,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.44052, 141.8483]]}",,,bib7970,no 5357-location-2,5357,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,,bib69,no -5357-location-3,5357,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mauwil village""}",,,bib4545,yes +5357-location-3,5357,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Mauwil village""}",,,bib4566,yes 5357-speaker_number-1,5357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5357-speakers-1,5357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""164"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5357-speaker_number-2,5357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(SIL),bib69,no 5357-speakers-2,5357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -5357-speaker_number-3,5357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -5357-speakers-3,5357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""113"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +5357-speaker_number-3,5357,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +5357-speakers-3,5357,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""113"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 5357-LEI-1,5357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5357-vitality-1,5357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5357-LEI-2,5357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5357-vitality-2,5357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5357-LEI-3,5357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -5357-vitality-3,5357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes +5357-LEI-3,5357,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +5357-vitality-3,5357,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes 5358-location-1,5358,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Peninsular, North central Perak State.""}",,,bib69,yes 5358-location-2,5358,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.35, 101.06]]}",,,bib75,no 5358-speaker_number-1,5358,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -54028,55 +54214,55 @@ Turkey: 66,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).",bib70,yes 5358-vitality-1,5358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5358-LEI-2,5358,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 5358-vitality-2,5358,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -536-context-1,536,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Primary language of the community (Maberem, Torbi), lingua franca (Fulfulde)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem, Fulfulde, Torbi""}",,"[The] language [was] used only by blacksmiths... Now, in the face of important goods and changing customs, the local blacksmith trade has lost its earlier importance. In earlier times... a prospective husband was required to provide his future wife's family with... 10 hoes... The loss of traditions such as this, together with the almost exclusive use of imported hoes, has ultimately affected the status of the language. Like the most people in the general region, the Somyewe use Fulfulde as a lingua franca; however the primary language of their community... is Maberem, a Mambila lect, and it is this which the younger people - the sons and daughters of the former blacksmiths - know as their first language. In the Cameroon village where Somyev is spoken, the Somyewe have similarly adopted the language of the village, Torbi, also a Mambila lect.",bib1790,no -536-context-2,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem""}",,,bib1786,no -536-context-3,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem, Fulfulde, Hausa, Tungba, English""}",,"It is a language which apparently was only ever used by the blacksmiths of the region and their families... Sombə is the language of a blacksmith group. It is not a trade jargon or sociolect, but is (or rather, was) the primary language of daily use for the smiths and their families, both in the home and outside. The traditional blacksmithing trade has now vanished, bringing substantial change to the lifestyle of this group... Today, everyone in the village [Kila Yang village] speaks Maberem and Fulfulde; to a lesser extent people also speak Hausa (perhaps increasingly a lingua franca, though it is too soon to tell whether Hausa will replace Fulfulde). Many people speak or at least have some familiarity with Tungba (the variety of Mambila spoken at Gembu the largest urban centre on the Mambila Plateau), and many, especially the young and those who have been to school, also speak English... Sombə remains a part of the heritage of the Somyev, but it is no longer a viable language. It has been replaced in all its normal daily functions in the home and in the village by Maberem Mambila. Fulfulde serves as a language of wider communication. English, normally the language of official business (governmental, legal, etc) in Nigeria is not spoken by any of the remaining speakers of Sombə",bib1788,yes -536-context-4,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mambila""}",,The correct name of the people and language is Somyewe.,bib983,no -536-context-5,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde; Maberem""}",,"Fufulde is a lingua franca. The primary language of their community is a Mambila lect, Maberem.",bib7615,no +536-context-1,536,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Primary language of the community (Maberem, Torbi), lingua franca (Fulfulde)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem, Fulfulde, Torbi""}",,"[The] language [was] used only by blacksmiths... Now, in the face of important goods and changing customs, the local blacksmith trade has lost its earlier importance. In earlier times... a prospective husband was required to provide his future wife's family with... 10 hoes... The loss of traditions such as this, together with the almost exclusive use of imported hoes, has ultimately affected the status of the language. Like the most people in the general region, the Somyewe use Fulfulde as a lingua franca; however the primary language of their community... is Maberem, a Mambila lect, and it is this which the younger people - the sons and daughters of the former blacksmiths - know as their first language. In the Cameroon village where Somyev is spoken, the Somyewe have similarly adopted the language of the village, Torbi, also a Mambila lect.",bib1802,no +536-context-2,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem""}",,,bib1798,no +536-context-3,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maberem, Fulfulde, Hausa, Tungba, English""}",,"It is a language which apparently was only ever used by the blacksmiths of the region and their families... Sombə is the language of a blacksmith group. It is not a trade jargon or sociolect, but is (or rather, was) the primary language of daily use for the smiths and their families, both in the home and outside. The traditional blacksmithing trade has now vanished, bringing substantial change to the lifestyle of this group... Today, everyone in the village [Kila Yang village] speaks Maberem and Fulfulde; to a lesser extent people also speak Hausa (perhaps increasingly a lingua franca, though it is too soon to tell whether Hausa will replace Fulfulde). Many people speak or at least have some familiarity with Tungba (the variety of Mambila spoken at Gembu the largest urban centre on the Mambila Plateau), and many, especially the young and those who have been to school, also speak English... Sombə remains a part of the heritage of the Somyev, but it is no longer a viable language. It has been replaced in all its normal daily functions in the home and in the village by Maberem Mambila. Fulfulde serves as a language of wider communication. English, normally the language of official business (governmental, legal, etc) in Nigeria is not spoken by any of the remaining speakers of Sombə",bib1800,yes +536-context-4,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mambila""}",,The correct name of the people and language is Somyewe.,bib987,no +536-context-5,536,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde; Maberem""}",,"Fufulde is a lingua franca. The primary language of their community is a Mambila lect, Maberem.",bib7640,no 536-location-1,536,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -536-location-2,536,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Somyev... is spoken in two villages, one in Cameroon and one in Nigeria, with the majority of speakers (approximately 15) being in the Nigerian village of Kila Yang""}",,,bib1790,no -536-location-3,536,location,"{""Places"": [""Kila Yang village Mambila Plateau, Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Hore Taram Torbi village, Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Kila Yang village in Nigeria and Taram Torbi village in Cameroon."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.9318, 11.5136]]}",,Approximately 125 years ago (or perhaps as early as the 18th C) the Somyev migrated from the Adamawa Plateau to their present location.,bib1788,yes -536-location-4,536,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.9318, 11.5136]]}",,,bib5307,no -536-location-5,536,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken at the village of Kila Yang, some few kilometres west of Mayo Ndaga...""}",,,bib983,no -536-location-6,536,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in two villages; one in Cameroon (Torbi) and one in Nigeria (Kila Yang).""}",,,bib7615,no -536-speaker_number-1,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The speaker population of Somyev, a language that seems to be very closely related to Wawa, has decreased from twenty or so to three in the last ten or fifteen years (Connell 1998, 2010); in 1997, there were still around fifteen to twenty speakers (Connell 1998), whereas in 2008 there were only three or four left (Bruce Connell p.c. 2008).",bib6324,no -536-speakers-1,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The speaker population of Somyev, a language that seems to be very closely related to Wawa, has decreased from twenty or so to three in the last ten or fifteen years (Connell 1998, 2010); in 1997, there were still around fifteen to twenty speakers (Connell 1998), whereas in 2008 there were only three or four left (Bruce Connell p.c. 2008).",bib6324,no +536-location-2,536,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Somyev... is spoken in two villages, one in Cameroon and one in Nigeria, with the majority of speakers (approximately 15) being in the Nigerian village of Kila Yang""}",,,bib1802,no +536-location-3,536,location,"{""Places"": [""Kila Yang village Mambila Plateau, Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Hore Taram Torbi village, Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Kila Yang village in Nigeria and Taram Torbi village in Cameroon."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.9318, 11.5136]]}",,Approximately 125 years ago (or perhaps as early as the 18th C) the Somyev migrated from the Adamawa Plateau to their present location.,bib1800,yes +536-location-4,536,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.9318, 11.5136]]}",,,bib5330,no +536-location-5,536,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken at the village of Kila Yang, some few kilometres west of Mayo Ndaga...""}",,,bib987,no +536-location-6,536,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in two villages; one in Cameroon (Torbi) and one in Nigeria (Kila Yang).""}",,,bib7640,no +536-speaker_number-1,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The speaker population of Somyev, a language that seems to be very closely related to Wawa, has decreased from twenty or so to three in the last ten or fifteen years (Connell 1998, 2010); in 1997, there were still around fifteen to twenty speakers (Connell 1998), whereas in 2008 there were only three or four left (Bruce Connell p.c. 2008).",bib6348,no +536-speakers-1,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3-4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The speaker population of Somyev, a language that seems to be very closely related to Wawa, has decreased from twenty or so to three in the last ten or fifteen years (Connell 1998, 2010); in 1997, there were still around fifteen to twenty speakers (Connell 1998), whereas in 2008 there were only three or four left (Bruce Connell p.c. 2008).",bib6348,no 536-speaker_number-2,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speaker numbers are from B. Connell(2000).,bib67,no 536-speakers-2,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speaker numbers are from B. Connell(2000).,bib67,no -536-speaker_number-3,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The speakers call themselves Somyewe,bib1790,no -536-speakers-3,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The speakers call themselves Somyewe,bib1790,no -536-speaker_number-4,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,no -536-speakers-4,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,no -536-speaker_number-5,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"[Sombə] is now known to be spoken for certain by just three elderly people, though when I first encountered this language a dozen or so years ago there were approximately 20 speakers... Sombə is spoken/used by at most three old people in the village of Kila Yang; the Somyev here number as much as 1,500, perhaps the largest their population has ever been; there are at least two others, semi-speakers, still living at Hore Taram Torbi, brother and sister to the one whom I met in 1996, and who has since died.",bib1788,yes -536-speakers-5,536,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,"[Sombə] is now known to be spoken for certain by just three elderly people, though when I first encountered this language a dozen or so years ago there were approximately 20 speakers... Sombə is spoken/used by at most three old people in the village of Kila Yang; the Somyev here number as much as 1,500, perhaps the largest their population has ever been; there are at least two others, semi-speakers, still living at Hore Taram Torbi, brother and sister to the one whom I met in 1996, and who has since died.",bib1788,yes -536-speaker_number-6,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -536-speakers-6,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -536-speaker_number-7,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Known to and used only by a blacksmith community in the Mambila region... now down to its last two speakers...,bib1789,no -536-speakers-7,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Known to and used only by a blacksmith community in the Mambila region... now down to its last two speakers...,bib1789,no +536-speaker_number-3,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The speakers call themselves Somyewe,bib1802,no +536-speakers-3,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The speakers call themselves Somyewe,bib1802,no +536-speaker_number-4,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,no +536-speakers-4,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,no +536-speaker_number-5,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"[Sombə] is now known to be spoken for certain by just three elderly people, though when I first encountered this language a dozen or so years ago there were approximately 20 speakers... Sombə is spoken/used by at most three old people in the village of Kila Yang; the Somyev here number as much as 1,500, perhaps the largest their population has ever been; there are at least two others, semi-speakers, still living at Hore Taram Torbi, brother and sister to the one whom I met in 1996, and who has since died.",bib1800,yes +536-speakers-5,536,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,"[Sombə] is now known to be spoken for certain by just three elderly people, though when I first encountered this language a dozen or so years ago there were approximately 20 speakers... Sombə is spoken/used by at most three old people in the village of Kila Yang; the Somyev here number as much as 1,500, perhaps the largest their population has ever been; there are at least two others, semi-speakers, still living at Hore Taram Torbi, brother and sister to the one whom I met in 1996, and who has since died.",bib1800,yes +536-speaker_number-6,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +536-speakers-6,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +536-speaker_number-7,536,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Known to and used only by a blacksmith community in the Mambila region... now down to its last two speakers...,bib1801,no +536-speakers-7,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Known to and used only by a blacksmith community in the Mambila region... now down to its last two speakers...,bib1801,no 536-speaker_number-8,536,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 536-speakers-8,536,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -536-LEI-1,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6324,no -536-vitality-1,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6324,no +536-LEI-1,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6348,no +536-vitality-1,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6348,no 536-LEI-2,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 536-vitality-2,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -536-LEI-3,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1790,no -536-transmission-3,536,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1790,no -536-domains_of_use-3,536,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1790,no -536-vitality-3,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1790,no -536-LEI-4,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -536-vitality-4,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -536-LEI-5,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1788,yes -536-transmission-5,536,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1788,yes -536-speaker_number_trends-5,536,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1788,yes -536-vitality-5,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1788,yes -536-LEI-6,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -536-vitality-6,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -536-LEI-7,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib983,no -536-transmission-7,536,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib983,no -536-speaker_number_trends-7,536,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib983,no -536-vitality-7,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib983,no -536-LEI-8,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1789,no -536-vitality-8,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1789,no +536-LEI-3,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1802,no +536-transmission-3,536,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1802,no +536-domains_of_use-3,536,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1802,no +536-vitality-3,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The youngest of [the speakers] is in his late forties though some younger people in the community may have a limited understanding of the language. Depending to some extent on social situation, the language is used on a daily basis...",bib1802,no +536-LEI-4,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +536-vitality-4,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +536-LEI-5,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1800,yes +536-transmission-5,536,transmission,5,transmission-5,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1800,yes +536-speaker_number_trends-5,536,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1800,yes +536-vitality-5,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"It is now spoken by fewer than five elderly people, though it was once the language spoken by the blacksmiths of the region... [Sombə] has given way not to a colonial language, nor have its speakers adopted a regional lingua franca as their primary language. Rather, the local variety of Mambila, known as Maberem, has taken on this role... The language is no longer used on a daily basis, in any domain. Younger people don’t know the language, though some middle-aged people have a passive knowledge... A language which was once the primary language of daily use for the Somyev is now reduced to its last handful of speakers, despite an apparent substantial increase in numbers of the Somyev, and is no longer a language of daily use... In 1996, I met with some 15-20 fluent speakers of the language, all of whom used it on a daily basis, and some of whom had not, or only partially, adopted Maberem. All were elderly blacksmiths, the youngest being about 60.1 was told at the time that they were the only remaining speakers. A few members of the next generation, i.e. some of the male children of this group, had acquired a passive knowledge of the language. A decade later, in 2006, only three speakers of Sombo were left in Kila Yang, one an elderly woman (said to be around 100), and with another in the neighbouring village of Kuma (both the woman and the Kuma resident have since died).",bib1800,yes +536-LEI-6,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +536-vitality-6,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +536-LEI-7,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib987,no +536-transmission-7,536,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib987,no +536-speaker_number_trends-7,536,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib987,no +536-vitality-7,536,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although the village may originally have been populated by blacksmiths, the people there now regard themselves as Mambila, although Somyewe is spoken among older people. The younger generation speaks only Mambila",bib987,no +536-LEI-8,536,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1801,no +536-vitality-8,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1801,no 536-LEI-9,536,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 536-vitality-9,536,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5360-speaker_number-1,5360,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no @@ -54089,286 +54275,304 @@ Turkey: 66,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).",bib70,yes 5360-vitality-1,5360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5360-LEI-2,5360,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5360-vitality-2,5360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5361-location-1,5361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.6139, 8.6132]]}",,,bib5307,no +5361-location-1,5361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.6139, 8.6132]]}",,,bib5330,no 5361-location-2,5361,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,yes -5361-speaker_number-1,5361,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -5361-speakers-1,5361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +5361-speaker_number-1,5361,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +5361-speakers-1,5361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 5361-speaker_number-2,5361,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,yes 5361-speakers-2,5361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,yes -5361-LEI-1,5361,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5361-vitality-1,5361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5361-LEI-1,5361,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5361-vitality-1,5361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5361-LEI-2,5361,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5361-vitality-2,5361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5362-location-1,5362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0, 71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5362-location-2,5362,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan""]}",,,bib67,no -5362-location-3,5362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2085, 71.845]]}",,,bib5307,no +5362-location-3,5362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.2085, 71.845]]}",,,bib5330,no 5362-location-4,5362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.306772, 71.557447]]}",,,bib75,no -5362-speakers-1,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,"Since the war in Afghanistan, Sawi speakers have been dispersed in refugee camps in Chitral and Dir, and their present number is not known. In 1992 the number of speakers was estimated at 200 households (8000-12000 people).",bib740,yes +5362-speakers-1,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown""}",,"Since the war in Afghanistan, Sawi speakers have been dispersed in refugee camps in Chitral and Dir, and their present number is not known. In 1992 the number of speakers was estimated at 200 households (8000-12000 people).",bib744,yes 5362-speakers-2,5362,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1983""}",,"3,000 in Afghanistan",bib67,no -5362-speaker_number-3,5362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5362-speakers-3,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5362-speaker_number-3,5362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5362-speakers-3,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5362-speaker_number-4,5362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5362-speakers-4,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5362-speaker_number-5,5362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Knowledge of the language of Sau, Afghanistan, is not very complete... In August 1989, two men from Sau were interviewed for this study for a few hours one day in Drosh... The respondents said that since the war in Afghanistan all the people of Sau have moved to either the refugee camp near Kalkatak in Chitral or a refugee camp near Timargarha in Dir. A few are also reported to be living in a refugee camp between Drosh and Chitral town in Chitral District... The Sawi-speaking participants involved in this study estimated that before the war there had been 2000 homes accounting for 8000 to 12,000 people.",bib2046,no -5362-speakers-5,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Knowledge of the language of Sau, Afghanistan, is not very complete... In August 1989, two men from Sau were interviewed for this study for a few hours one day in Drosh... The respondents said that since the war in Afghanistan all the people of Sau have moved to either the refugee camp near Kalkatak in Chitral or a refugee camp near Timargarha in Dir. A few are also reported to be living in a refugee camp between Drosh and Chitral town in Chitral District... The Sawi-speaking participants involved in this study estimated that before the war there had been 2000 homes accounting for 8000 to 12,000 people.",bib2046,no -5362-LEI-1,5362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5362-vitality-1,5362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5362-speaker_number-5,5362,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Knowledge of the language of Sau, Afghanistan, is not very complete... In August 1989, two men from Sau were interviewed for this study for a few hours one day in Drosh... The respondents said that since the war in Afghanistan all the people of Sau have moved to either the refugee camp near Kalkatak in Chitral or a refugee camp near Timargarha in Dir. A few are also reported to be living in a refugee camp between Drosh and Chitral town in Chitral District... The Sawi-speaking participants involved in this study estimated that before the war there had been 2000 homes accounting for 8000 to 12,000 people.",bib2059,no +5362-speakers-5,5362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000-12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Knowledge of the language of Sau, Afghanistan, is not very complete... In August 1989, two men from Sau were interviewed for this study for a few hours one day in Drosh... The respondents said that since the war in Afghanistan all the people of Sau have moved to either the refugee camp near Kalkatak in Chitral or a refugee camp near Timargarha in Dir. A few are also reported to be living in a refugee camp between Drosh and Chitral town in Chitral District... The Sawi-speaking participants involved in this study estimated that before the war there had been 2000 homes accounting for 8000 to 12,000 people.",bib2059,no +5362-LEI-1,5362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5362-vitality-1,5362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5362-LEI-2,5362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5362-vitality-2,5362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5362-LEI-3,5362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2046,no -5362-vitality-3,5362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2046,no -5363-location-1,5363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.8802, 9.4482]]}",,,bib5307,no +5362-LEI-3,5362,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2059,no +5362-vitality-3,5362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2059,no +5363-location-1,5363,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.8802, 9.4482]]}",,,bib5330,no 5363-location-2,5363,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,yes -5363-speaker_number-1,5363,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -5363-speakers-1,5363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +5363-speaker_number-1,5363,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +5363-speakers-1,5363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 5363-speaker_number-2,5363,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,yes 5363-speakers-2,5363,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Salminen (1993).,bib67,yes -5363-LEI-1,5363,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5363-vitality-1,5363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5363-LEI-1,5363,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5363-vitality-1,5363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5363-LEI-2,5363,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5363-vitality-2,5363,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5365-location-1,5365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8117, 29.7235]]}",,,bib5307,no +5365-location-1,5365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8117, 29.7235]]}",,,bib5330,no 5365-location-2,5365,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Janub Kurdufan state: Shatt Daman, Shatt Safia, and Shatt Tebeldia; Abu Hashim and Abu Sinam areas.""}",,,bib69,yes 5365-location-3,5365,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8333333333, 30.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5365-location-4,5365,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the Nuba mountains to the south of Kadugli (Southern Kordofan\nState, Republic of the Sudan). To be more precise, the Shatt people are settled in three distinct areas, the groups and dialects of which are known as Shatt Damam, Shatt Tebeldia and Shatt Safia or Safaya.""}",,,bib1199,no -5365-speaker_number-1,5365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5365-speakers-1,5365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5365-location-4,5365,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the Nuba mountains to the south of Kadugli (Southern Kordofan\nState, Republic of the Sudan). To be more precise, the Shatt people are settled in three distinct areas, the groups and dialects of which are known as Shatt Damam, Shatt Tebeldia and Shatt Safia or Safaya.""}",,,bib1208,no +5365-speaker_number-1,5365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5365-speakers-1,5365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5365-speaker_number-2,5365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(T. Stirtz),bib69,yes 5365-speakers-2,5365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(T. Stirtz),bib69,yes 5365-speaker_number-3,5365,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5365-speakers-3,5365,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5365-LEI-1,5365,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5365-vitality-1,5365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5365-LEI-1,5365,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5365-vitality-1,5365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5365-LEI-2,5365,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 5365-vitality-2,5365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 5365-LEI-3,5365,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5365-vitality-3,5365,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5367-context-1,5367,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, education, army""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,"Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related. When in contact with speakers of other MSAL languages, they resort to Arabic, as with Arabic speakers, because intercomprehension is impossible. -Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).",bib6842,yes -5367-location-1,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Dhofar governorate of Oman""}",,,bib6398,no -5367-location-2,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Speakers live in the mountains of Dhofar""}",,,bib6842,yes +Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).",bib6866,yes +5367-location-1,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Dhofar governorate of Oman""}",,,bib6422,no +5367-location-2,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Speakers live in the mountains of Dhofar""}",,,bib6866,yes 5367-location-3,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""]}",,,bib67,no -5367-location-4,5367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0623, 52.4267]]}",,,bib5307,no +5367-location-4,5367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0623, 52.4267]]}",,,bib5330,no 5367-location-5,5367,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.29, 54.0]]}",,,bib75,no -5367-location-6,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the mountains of Dhofar and in coastal villages (Raysut, Salala, Mirbat, Sidh)""}",,,bib7081,no -5367-location-7,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken within Dhofar""}",,,bib7728,no -5367-speaker_number-1,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6398,no -5367-speakers-1,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6398,no -5367-speaker_number-2,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Batahira, who breed cattle in the mountains of Wadi Ezdah, east of the road to Thamrit, speak Jibbali (Morris 1983:143, n.1); the inhabitants of the Kuria Muria Islands are fishermen who speak a specific variety of the Jibbali language.",bib6842,yes -5367-speakers-2,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Batahira, who breed cattle in the mountains of Wadi Ezdah, east of the road to Thamrit, speak Jibbali (Morris 1983:143, n.1); the inhabitants of the Kuria Muria Islands are fishermen who speak a specific variety of the Jibbali language.",bib6842,yes +5367-location-6,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the mountains of Dhofar and in coastal villages (Raysut, Salala, Mirbat, Sidh)""}",,,bib7105,no +5367-location-7,5367,location,"{""Places"": [""Oman""], ""Description"": ""Spoken within Dhofar""}",,,bib7753,no +5367-speaker_number-1,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6422,no +5367-speakers-1,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6422,no +5367-speaker_number-2,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Batahira, who breed cattle in the mountains of Wadi Ezdah, east of the road to Thamrit, speak Jibbali (Morris 1983:143, n.1); the inhabitants of the Kuria Muria Islands are fishermen who speak a specific variety of the Jibbali language.",bib6866,yes +5367-speakers-2,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983-1991; 1994-1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Batahira, who breed cattle in the mountains of Wadi Ezdah, east of the road to Thamrit, speak Jibbali (Morris 1983:143, n.1); the inhabitants of the Kuria Muria Islands are fishermen who speak a specific variety of the Jibbali language.",bib6866,yes 5367-speaker_number-3,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,no 5367-speakers-3,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,no -5367-speaker_number-4,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5367-speakers-4,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5367-speaker_number-5,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7081,no -5367-speakers-5,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7081,no +5367-speaker_number-4,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5367-speakers-4,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5367-speaker_number-5,5367,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7105,no +5367-speakers-5,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7105,no 5367-speaker_number-6,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5367-speakers-6,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5367-speaker_number-7,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7728,no -5367-speakers-7,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7728,no -5367-LEI-1,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6398,no -5367-vitality-1,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6398,no -5367-LEI-2,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,yes -5367-vitality-2,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,yes +5367-speaker_number-7,5367,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7753,no +5367-speakers-7,5367,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7753,no +5367-LEI-1,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6422,no +5367-vitality-1,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6422,no +5367-LEI-2,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,yes +5367-vitality-2,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,yes 5367-LEI-3,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5367-vitality-3,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5367-LEI-4,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5367-vitality-4,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5367-LEI-5,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7081,no -5367-vitality-5,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7081,no +5367-LEI-4,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5367-vitality-4,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5367-LEI-5,5367,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7105,no +5367-vitality-5,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7105,no 5367-LEI-6,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5367-vitality-6,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5367-LEI-7,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7728,no -5367-vitality-7,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7728,no -5368-location-1,5368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 30.4156]]}",,,bib5307,no +5367-LEI-7,5367,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7753,no +5367-vitality-7,5367,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7753,no +5368-location-1,5368,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.3184, 30.4156]]}",,,bib5330,no 5368-location-2,5368,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""]}",,,bib67,yes -5368-speaker_number-1,5368,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5368-speakers-1,5368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5368-speaker_number-1,5368,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5368-speakers-1,5368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5368-speaker_number-2,5368,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5368-speakers-2,5368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5368-speaker_number-3,5368,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5368-speakers-3,5368,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5368-LEI-1,5368,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5368-vitality-1,5368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5368-LEI-1,5368,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5368-vitality-1,5368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5368-LEI-2,5368,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5368-vitality-2,5368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5368-LEI-3,5368,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5368-vitality-3,5368,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -537-context-1,537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin""}",,,bib1786,yes +537-context-1,537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin""}",,,bib1798,yes 537-context-2,537,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Jukun"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""A substantial majority speak Jukun""}",,"Jukun is used for communicating with speakers of related language groups, and Pidgin English is used when a stranger does not speak Jukun. [...] Attitudes toward the mother tongue are very positive. The interviewees stated that, after English and French which are official languages, the next language, in the order of preference, which they should choose to read and write is Akum. The people interviewed were confident that their language would continue to be spoken indefinitely. In fact, the paramount ruler expressed much disgust with the -children who fail to use the mother tongue at home.",bib1323,no -537-location-1,537,location,"{""Description"": ""The Akum language is spoken in five distinct villages. Three of these villages, \nUpkack, Izong, and Konkum are found in the Fura-Awa Subdivision, Menchum \nDivision, North West Province of the Republic of Cameroon, respectively. Two of them, Ibang and Manga are found in Nigeria.""}",,,bib1323,no -537-location-2,537,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.73, 9.9316]]}",,,bib5307,no -537-speaker_number-1,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -537-speakers-1,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -537-speaker_number-2,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,3 villages in Nigeria. 600 in Cameroun.,bib980,no -537-speakers-2,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,3 villages in Nigeria. 600 in Cameroun.,bib980,no -537-speaker_number-3,537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1323,no -537-speakers-3,537,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1323,no -537-speaker_number-4,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -537-speakers-4,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -537-LEI-1,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -537-vitality-1,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -537-LEI-2,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -537-vitality-2,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +children who fail to use the mother tongue at home.",bib1332,no +537-location-1,537,location,"{""Description"": ""The Akum language is spoken in five distinct villages. Three of these villages, \nUpkack, Izong, and Konkum are found in the Fura-Awa Subdivision, Menchum \nDivision, North West Province of the Republic of Cameroon, respectively. Two of them, Ibang and Manga are found in Nigeria.""}",,,bib1332,no +537-location-2,537,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.73, 9.9316]]}",,,bib5330,no +537-speaker_number-1,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +537-speakers-1,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +537-speaker_number-2,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,3 villages in Nigeria. 600 in Cameroun.,bib984,no +537-speakers-2,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,3 villages in Nigeria. 600 in Cameroun.,bib984,no +537-speaker_number-3,537,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1332,no +537-speakers-3,537,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1332,no +537-speaker_number-4,537,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +537-speakers-4,537,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +537-LEI-1,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +537-vitality-1,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +537-LEI-2,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +537-vitality-2,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 537-LEI-3,537,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Akum is the principle language used at home and among friends. [...] The interviewees were unanimous that the only language used on the farm when there is no stranger present is Akum. [...] English is used most in class, but in the lower classes (1 and 2) Akum is sometimes used. Outside the class, students speak to one another in the mother tongue, Jukun, and Pidgin English. The principal of the Government Primary School-Akum said most parents send their children to school. He was positive about the introduction of the mother tongue at the elementary levels. As an Akum-speaker, he said he would not -spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no +spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1332,no 537-transmission-3,537,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Akum is the principle language used at home and among friends. [...] The interviewees were unanimous that the only language used on the farm when there is no stranger present is Akum. [...] English is used most in class, but in the lower classes (1 and 2) Akum is sometimes used. Outside the class, students speak to one another in the mother tongue, Jukun, and Pidgin English. The principal of the Government Primary School-Akum said most parents send their children to school. He was positive about the introduction of the mother tongue at the elementary levels. As an Akum-speaker, he said he would not -spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no +spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1332,no 537-domains_of_use-3,537,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Akum is the principle language used at home and among friends. [...] The interviewees were unanimous that the only language used on the farm when there is no stranger present is Akum. [...] English is used most in class, but in the lower classes (1 and 2) Akum is sometimes used. Outside the class, students speak to one another in the mother tongue, Jukun, and Pidgin English. The principal of the Government Primary School-Akum said most parents send their children to school. He was positive about the introduction of the mother tongue at the elementary levels. As an Akum-speaker, he said he would not -spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no +spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1332,no 537-speaker_number_trends-3,537,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Akum is the principle language used at home and among friends. [...] The interviewees were unanimous that the only language used on the farm when there is no stranger present is Akum. [...] English is used most in class, but in the lower classes (1 and 2) Akum is sometimes used. Outside the class, students speak to one another in the mother tongue, Jukun, and Pidgin English. The principal of the Government Primary School-Akum said most parents send their children to school. He was positive about the introduction of the mother tongue at the elementary levels. As an Akum-speaker, he said he would not -spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no +spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1332,no 537-vitality-3,537,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Akum is the principle language used at home and among friends. [...] The interviewees were unanimous that the only language used on the farm when there is no stranger present is Akum. [...] English is used most in class, but in the lower classes (1 and 2) Akum is sometimes used. Outside the class, students speak to one another in the mother tongue, Jukun, and Pidgin English. The principal of the Government Primary School-Akum said most parents send their children to school. He was positive about the introduction of the mother tongue at the elementary levels. As an Akum-speaker, he said he would not -spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no -537-LEI-4,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -537-vitality-4,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1332,no +537-LEI-4,537,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +537-vitality-4,537,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5370-location-1,5370,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""]}",,,bib20,no -5370-location-2,5370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.7193, 165.6738]]}",,,bib5307,no +5370-location-2,5370,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.7193, 165.6738]]}",,,bib5330,no 5370-location-3,5370,location,"{""Places"": [""New Caledonia""], ""Description"": ""North (Poya commune) and South (Bourail commune) provinces; Coral Sea coastal plain.""}",,,bib69,no -5370-speakers-1,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Zire was formerly spoken in Bourail along the coastal plain. Zire is reported to be dormant, with no remaining first language speakers. There may still be a few speakers who learned Zire as a second language.",bib3075,no +5370-speakers-1,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Zire was formerly spoken in Bourail along the coastal plain. Zire is reported to be dormant, with no remaining first language speakers. There may still be a few speakers who learned Zire as a second language.",bib3089,no 5370-speaker_number-2,5370,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 5370-speakers-2,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Only speakers above age 14 are included in this figure.,bib20,no 5370-speaker_number-3,5370,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 5370-speakers-3,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 5370-speakers-4,5370,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Last known speaker died in the 1990s."" ""There are reports of the language being revived (Wurm 2007).",bib69,no -5370-speakers-5,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Certain languages that are shown as extinct in the Atlas [of the World’s Languages in Danger] are being actively revitalized, like Cornish (Cornwall) and Sîshëë (New Caledonia), and it is possible that they will become living languages again.",bib4411,yes -5370-LEI-1,5370,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3075,no -5370-vitality-1,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3075,no +5370-speakers-5,5370,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Certain languages that are shown as extinct in the Atlas [of the World’s Languages in Danger] are being actively revitalized, like Cornish (Cornwall) and Sîshëë (New Caledonia), and it is possible that they will become living languages again.",bib4432,yes +5370-LEI-1,5370,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3089,no +5370-vitality-1,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3089,no 5370-LEI-2,5370,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib20,no 5370-vitality-2,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib20,no 5370-LEI-3,5370,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5370-vitality-3,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5370-LEI-4,5370,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib69,no 5370-vitality-4,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib69,no -5370-LEI-5,5370,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4411,yes -5370-vitality-5,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4411,yes +5370-LEI-5,5370,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4432,yes +5370-vitality-5,5370,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4432,yes 5374-location-1,5374,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Ningi LGA"", ""Coordinates"": [[11.051734, 9.446663]]}",,,bib67,yes -5374-speaker_number-1,5374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6878,no -5374-speakers-1,5374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6878,no +5374-speaker_number-1,5374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6902,no +5374-speakers-1,5374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6902,no 5374-speaker_number-2,5374,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5374-speakers-2,5374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5374-LEI-1,5374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6878,no -5374-vitality-1,5374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6878,no +5374-LEI-1,5374,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6902,no +5374-vitality-1,5374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6902,no 5374-LEI-2,5374,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults only.,bib67,yes 5374-transmission-2,5374,transmission,3,transmission-3,Older adults only.,bib67,yes 5374-vitality-2,5374,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Older adults only.,bib67,yes -5376-context-1,5376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local.,bib4564,no +5376-context-1,5376,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian""}",,L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local.,bib4585,no 5376-location-1,5376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Fars Province, Sivand, northwest of Shiraz on Shiraz-Esfahan Road""}",,,bib67,yes -5376-location-2,5376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Sivand est un petit village situe\u0301 a\u0300 environ 80 kilome\u0300tres au nord du Shiraz, sur la route d'Isaphan et au bord d'un petit ruisseau, le Polva\u0302r."", ""Coordinates"": [[30.079232, 52.92228]]}",,,bib4564,no -5376-location-3,5376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.89543, 52.117813]]}",,,bib1125,no -5376-location-4,5376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.9168, 51.5945]]}",,,bib5307,no +5376-location-2,5376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Sivand est un petit village situe\u0301 a\u0300 environ 80 kilome\u0300tres au nord du Shiraz, sur la route d'Isaphan et au bord d'un petit ruisseau, le Polva\u0302r."", ""Coordinates"": [[30.079232, 52.92228]]}",,,bib4585,no +5376-location-3,5376,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.89543, 52.117813]]}",,,bib1134,no +5376-location-4,5376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.9168, 51.5945]]}",,,bib5330,no 5376-location-5,5376,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.077956, 52.921047]]}",,,bib75,no 5376-speaker_number-1,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5376-speakers-1,5376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5376-speaker_number-2,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,La population [de Sivand] est estimée localement à 4 000 habitants.,bib4564,no -5376-speakers-2,5376,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,La population [de Sivand] est estimée localement à 4 000 habitants.,bib4564,no -5376-speaker_number-3,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5376-speakers-3,5376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5376-speaker_number-2,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,La population [de Sivand] est estimée localement à 4 000 habitants.,bib4585,no +5376-speakers-2,5376,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,La population [de Sivand] est estimée localement à 4 000 habitants.,bib4585,no +5376-speaker_number-3,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5376-speakers-3,5376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5376-speaker_number-4,5376,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5376-speakers-4,5376,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,033"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5376-LEI-1,5376,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5376-vitality-1,5376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5376-LEI-2,5376,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4564,no -5376-transmission-2,5376,transmission,4,transmission-4,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4564,no -5376-vitality-2,5376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4564,no -5376-LEI-4,5376,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5376-vitality-4,5376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5376-LEI-2,5376,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4585,no +5376-transmission-2,5376,transmission,4,transmission-4,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4585,no +5376-vitality-2,5376,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"L'usage du persan tend de plus en plus à fair dispaître le parler local... Cette situation [de contact avec des autres groupes] a donc pu contribuer à restreindre l'usage du dialecte et l'on peut même s'étonner qu'il n'ait pas disparu, d'autant plus qu'il se trouve isolé dans une zone où l'on ne parle que le persan... Ce recul du parlet local est tel que, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans d'autres villages où j'ai eu l'occasion de travailler, les jeunes Sivandis ne connaissent plus bien leur dialecte et de nombreuses personnes de 40 à 50 ans ne saisissent plus les subtilités de leur idiome.",bib4585,no +5376-LEI-4,5376,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5376-vitality-4,5376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5376-LEI-5,5376,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5376-vitality-5,5376,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5377-location-1,5377,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9887, -79.1674]]}",,,bib5307,no +5377-location-1,5377,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.9887, -79.1674]]}",,,bib5330,no 5377-location-2,5377,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.0, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5377-location-3,5377,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador"", ""Colombia"", ""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Ecuador: Town of Borb\u00f3n. Northern Pacific Coast. Colombia: South Pacific coast, Cauc\u00e1, Nari\u00f1o, Choc\u00f3 departments. Southeastern Panama.""}",,"South Pacific coast, Cauca, Narino, and Valle del Cauca departments; in 2 separate areas.",bib67,no -5377-speaker_number-1,5377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5377-speakers-1,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5377-speaker_number-2,5377,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"For all of Southern Emberá: Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747 population of Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population of Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1902,yes -5377-speakers-2,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"For all of Southern Emberá: Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747 population of Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population of Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1902,yes +5377-speaker_number-1,5377,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5377-speakers-1,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5377-speaker_number-2,5377,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"For all of Southern Emberá: Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747 population of Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population of Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1914,yes +5377-speakers-2,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""88,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"For all of Southern Emberá: Colombia 88,747 speakers, 88,747 population of Emberá (Pede, Chamí, Catío, Katío, Sambú) (2001). Ecuador: 52 speakers, 65 population of Epera Pedede (Êpera, Epena Pedee, Siapedie, Emberá, Emberá del Sur, Emberá Chami).",bib1914,yes 5377-speaker_number-3,5377,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5377-speakers-3,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,050"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5377-speaker_number-4,5377,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,500 in Colombia, 50 in Ecuador (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 5377-speakers-4,5377,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004 (Colombia), 2000 (Ecuador)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 in Colombia, 50 in Ecuador (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -5377-LEI-1,5377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5377-vitality-1,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5377-LEI-2,5377,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -5377-vitality-2,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +5377-LEI-1,5377,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5377-vitality-1,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5377-LEI-2,5377,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +5377-vitality-2,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 5377-LEI-3,5377,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5377-vitality-3,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5377-LEI-4,5377,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5377-vitality-4,5377,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -538-location-1,538,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Cameroon, around Bamusso, South West Province""}",,,bib6944,no -538-location-2,538,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.5764, 8.8439]]}",,,bib5307,no -538-speaker_number-1,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -538-speakers-1,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -538-speaker_number-2,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -538-speakers-2,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -538-speaker_number-3,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -538-speakers-3,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -538-LEI-1,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -538-vitality-1,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -538-LEI-2,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -538-vitality-2,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -538-LEI-3,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -538-vitality-3,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5386-location-1,5386,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.256688, 18.500977]]}",,,bib4042,no +538-location-1,538,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Cameroon, around Bamusso, South West Province""}",,,bib6968,no +538-location-2,538,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.5764, 8.8439]]}",,,bib5330,no +538-speaker_number-1,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +538-speakers-1,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +538-speaker_number-2,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +538-speakers-2,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""307"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +538-speaker_number-3,538,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +538-speakers-3,538,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +538-LEI-1,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +538-vitality-1,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +538-LEI-2,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +538-vitality-2,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +538-LEI-3,538,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +538-vitality-3,538,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5386-location-1,5386,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.256688, 18.500977]]}",,,bib4062,no 5386-location-2,5386,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[50.7, 15.97]]}",,,bib75,no 5386-location-3,5386,location,"{""Places"": [""Germany"", ""Poland"", ""Czech Republic""]}",,,bib67,yes 5386-speaker_number-1,5386,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,000 in Poland.",bib67,yes 5386-speakers-1,5386,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,000 in Poland.",bib67,yes 5386-LEI-1,5386,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5386-vitality-1,5386,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -539-location-1,539,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.5742, 14.5623]]}",,,bib5307,no -539-speaker_number-1,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,no -539-speakers-1,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,no -539-speaker_number-2,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib605,yes -539-speakers-2,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib605,yes -539-speaker_number-3,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -539-speakers-3,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -539-LEI-1,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No longer used on a daily basis.,bib1786,no -539-vitality-1,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No longer used on a daily basis.,bib1786,no -539-LEI-2,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,yes -539-vitality-2,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,yes -539-LEI-3,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -539-vitality-3,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5392-location-1,5392,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0756, 103.0133]]}",,,bib5307,no -5392-location-2,5392,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Guandu District of Kunming City, forty-two villages just southeast of the city; also seven villages in northwestern Yiliang County to the east.""}",,,bib1205,yes +5389-context-2,5389,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swedish"", ""Government Support"": ""\""Statutory provincial language in administrative area municipalities located in at least part of the following counties: Dalarna, J\u00e4mtland, Norrbotten, V\u00e4sterbotten (2009, NMNML Act No. 724, Article 6).\""""}",,,bib69,yes +5389-location-1,5389,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden, Norway""]}",,,bib6166,no +5389-location-2,5389,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.2063, 13.4802]]}",,,bib5330,no +5389-location-3,5389,location,"{""Places"": [""Sweden"", ""Norway""]}",,,bib69,yes +5389-location-4,5389,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.6666666667, 16.75]]}",,,bib216,no +5389-speakers-1,5389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-500 in Sweden, 2-500 in Norway""}",,,bib6166,no +5389-speaker_number-2,5389,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5389-speakers-2,5389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5389-speaker_number-3,5389,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 in Sweden (Krauss 1995) ... Ethnic population: 600 in Sweden.,bib69,yes +5389-speakers-3,5389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 in Sweden (Krauss 1995) ... Ethnic population: 600 in Sweden.,bib69,yes +5389-speaker_number-4,5389,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no +5389-speakers-4,5389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no +5389-LEI-2,5389,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5389-vitality-2,5389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5389-LEI-3,5389,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used by few children,bib69,yes +5389-vitality-3,5389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Used by few children,bib69,yes +5389-LEI-4,5389,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no +5389-vitality-4,5389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no +539-location-1,539,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.5742, 14.5623]]}",,,bib5330,no +539-speaker_number-1,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,no +539-speakers-1,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,no +539-speaker_number-2,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib608,yes +539-speakers-2,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib608,yes +539-speaker_number-3,539,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +539-speakers-3,539,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +539-LEI-1,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No longer used on a daily basis.,bib1798,no +539-vitality-1,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No longer used on a daily basis.,bib1798,no +539-LEI-2,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,yes +539-vitality-2,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,yes +539-LEI-3,539,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +539-vitality-3,539,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5392-location-1,5392,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0756, 103.0133]]}",,,bib5330,no +5392-location-2,5392,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Guandu District of Kunming City, forty-two villages just southeast of the city; also seven villages in northwestern Yiliang County to the east.""}",,,bib1214,yes 5392-location-3,5392,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,no -5392-speaker_number-1,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5392-speakers-1,5392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -5392-speaker_number-2,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A group of about 28,000 Yi whose own name is (sa21 ni53), but are known in Chinese as Samei. About two thirds speakers.",bib1205,yes -5392-speakers-2,5392,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~18,667"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A group of about 28,000 Yi whose own name is (sa21 ni53), but are known in Chinese as Samei. About two thirds speakers.",bib1205,yes +5392-speaker_number-1,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5392-speakers-1,5392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +5392-speaker_number-2,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A group of about 28,000 Yi whose own name is (sa21 ni53), but are known in Chinese as Samei. About two thirds speakers.",bib1214,yes +5392-speakers-2,5392,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~18,667"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A group of about 28,000 Yi whose own name is (sa21 ni53), but are known in Chinese as Samei. About two thirds speakers.",bib1214,yes 5392-speaker_number-3,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5392-speakers-3,5392,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5392-speaker_number-4,5392,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Bradley (2007).,bib67,no 5392-speakers-4,5392,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Bradley (2007).,bib67,no -5392-LEI-1,5392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5392-vitality-1,5392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5392-LEI-2,5392,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1205,yes -5392-transmission-2,5392,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1205,yes -5392-speaker_number_trends-2,5392,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1205,yes -5392-vitality-2,5392,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1205,yes +5392-LEI-1,5392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5392-vitality-1,5392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5392-LEI-2,5392,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1214,yes +5392-transmission-2,5392,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1214,yes +5392-speaker_number_trends-2,5392,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1214,yes +5392-vitality-2,5392,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Extinct in some northwestern villages very close to Kunming city, severely endangered to the east in northeastern Guandu and Yiliang, and endangered in Ala Township which is the centre of the Samei distribution and where most villages are entirely or largely Samei. Few fully fluent young speakers, though many children have passive understanding of the language.",bib1214,yes 5392-LEI-3,5392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5392-vitality-3,5392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5392-LEI-4,5392,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5392-vitality-4,5392,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5394-location-1,5394,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.685, 101.5931]]}",,,bib5307,no -5394-location-2,5394,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""southwest Battambang Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +5394-location-1,5394,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.685, 101.5931]]}",,,bib5330,no +5394-location-2,5394,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""southwest Battambang Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 5394-location-3,5394,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Cambodia: Pursat Province, north, east, and west of Phum Tasanh, and Tanyong River around Phum Pra Moi""}",,,bib67,no -5394-speaker_number-1,5394,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5394-speakers-1,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5394-speaker_number-2,5394,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Reported as nearly exterminated by the Khmer Rouge; two speakers in a refugee camp in Thailand in the early 1980s, present whereabouts unknown.",bib1205,yes -5394-speakers-2,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Reported as nearly exterminated by the Khmer Rouge; two speakers in a refugee camp in Thailand in the early 1980s, present whereabouts unknown.",bib1205,yes +5394-speaker_number-1,5394,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5394-speakers-1,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5394-speaker_number-2,5394,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Reported as nearly exterminated by the Khmer Rouge; two speakers in a refugee camp in Thailand in the early 1980s, present whereabouts unknown.",bib1214,yes +5394-speakers-2,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Reported as nearly exterminated by the Khmer Rouge; two speakers in a refugee camp in Thailand in the early 1980s, present whereabouts unknown.",bib1214,yes 5394-speaker_number-3,5394,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5394-speakers-3,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5394-speaker_number-4,5394,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (J. Ironside 2005),bib67,no 5394-speakers-4,5394,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (J. Ironside 2005),bib67,no -5394-LEI-1,5394,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5394-vitality-1,5394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5394-LEI-2,5394,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5394-transmission-2,5394,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1205,yes -5394-speaker_number_trends-2,5394,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -5394-vitality-2,5394,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +5394-LEI-1,5394,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5394-vitality-1,5394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5394-LEI-2,5394,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5394-transmission-2,5394,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1214,yes +5394-speaker_number_trends-2,5394,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +5394-vitality-2,5394,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 5394-LEI-3,5394,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5394-vitality-3,5394,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5394-LEI-4,5394,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -54376,7 +54580,7 @@ spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no 5395-context-1,5395,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iranian Persian""}",,,bib68,yes 5395-location-1,5395,location,"{""Places"": [""Semnan Province""]}",,,bib68,yes 5395-location-2,5395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.53, 53.29]]}",,,bib75,no -5395-location-3,5395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.8679, 53.4924]]}",,,bib5307,no +5395-location-3,5395,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.8679, 53.4924]]}",,,bib5330,no 5395-speaker_number-1,5395,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,yes 5395-speakers-1,5395,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,yes 5395-speaker_number-2,5395,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no @@ -54389,10 +54593,10 @@ spare any efforts in assisting in such a project.",bib1323,no 5395-LEI-2,5395,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5395-vitality-2,5395,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5396-context-1,5396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,"Numerous programs beginning to teach Lushootseed, in which children, parents, and elders take part; also being introduced as a language available at local colleges.",bib70,no -5396-context-2,5396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +5396-context-2,5396,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 5396-location-1,5396,location,"{""Places"": [""Washington, USA""], ""Description"": ""Lushootseed: Puget Sound area. \nSkagit: Puget Sound east side. \nSnohomish: northwest, Tulalip Reservation.""}",,,bib70,no 5396-location-2,5396,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.93, -122.14]]}",,,bib75,no -5396-location-3,5396,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Lushootseed is a complex of closely related Central Salish dialects spoken in the Puget Sound area of Washington (older sources refer to it as Puget Sound Salish). The principal modern communities in which Lushootseed is the heritage language include the Upper Skagit, Swinomish, Suquamish, Muckleshoot, Puyallup, and Nisqually Reservations, and especially the Tulalip Reservation near Marysville. L""}",,,bib5217,yes +5396-location-3,5396,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Washington""], ""Description"": ""Lushootseed is a complex of closely related Central Salish dialects spoken in the Puget Sound area of Washington (older sources refer to it as Puget Sound Salish). The principal modern communities in which Lushootseed is the heritage language include the Upper Skagit, Swinomish, Suquamish, Muckleshoot, Puyallup, and Nisqually Reservations, and especially the Tulalip Reservation near Marysville. L""}",,,bib5240,yes 5396-speaker_number-1,5396,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5396-speakers-1,5396,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 5396-speaker_number-2,5396,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Skagit [ska]: 100 (1977 SIL). Ethnic population: 350 (1977 SIL). @@ -54401,61 +54605,61 @@ Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly 5396-speakers-2,5396,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,150"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977-2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Skagit [ska]: 100 (1977 SIL). Ethnic population: 350 (1977 SIL). Snohomish [sno]: 10 (1998 J. Brook). Ethnic population: 800 (1977 SIL). Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly divided between the northern and southern dialects. Ethnic population: 18,000 (Golla 2007). L2 users: Several L2 speakers, some quite fluent.",bib70,no -5396-speaker_number-3,5396,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes -5396-speakers-3,5396,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes +5396-speaker_number-3,5396,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes +5396-speakers-3,5396,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes 5396-LEI-1,5396,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5396-vitality-1,5396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5396-LEI-2,5396,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Decreasing.,bib70,no 5396-vitality-2,5396,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Decreasing.,bib70,no -5396-LEI-3,5396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes -5396-transmission-3,5396,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes -5396-speaker_number_trends-3,5396,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes -5396-vitality-3,5396,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5217,yes -540-context-1,540,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, Church, Marketplace""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Basaa, Bakoko, Eton, Yambassa, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib3030,no -540-context-2,540,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mungaka; Badeng; Medumba; Shupamem"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Les locuteurs du ti, à cause de multiples déplacements, sont généralement polyglottes.",bib5586,no -540-context-3,540,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Basaa, Bakoko, Yambassa""}",,,bib7615,no -540-location-1,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Kelleng, Mbougu\u00e9, Nyambat and Ndokbikim villages in the Ndom Sub-Division, Sanaga-Maritime Division, in the Littoral Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib3030,no -540-location-2,540,location,"{""Description"": ""Le groupement Bati se situe dans l'arrondissement de Galim (30 km environ de Mbouda, chef-lieu du D\u00e9partement), d\u00e9partement de Bamboutos, province de l'Ouest. Il s'\u00e9tend sur une superficie de 42 km2 et compte environ 2.500 habitants.""}",,,bib5586,no -540-location-3,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.2012, 10.7858]]}",,,bib5307,no -540-location-4,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Bati, D\u00e9p. de Bamboutas, (East) Cameroun""}",,,bib7838,no +5396-LEI-3,5396,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes +5396-transmission-3,5396,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes +5396-speaker_number_trends-3,5396,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes +5396-vitality-3,5396,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Lushootseed is now spoken as a first language by fewer than 5 elderly people out of a total population of over 18,000.",bib5240,yes +540-context-1,540,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, Church, Marketplace""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Basaa, Bakoko, Eton, Yambassa, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib3044,no +540-context-2,540,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mungaka; Badeng; Medumba; Shupamem"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Les locuteurs du ti, à cause de multiples déplacements, sont généralement polyglottes.",bib5610,no +540-context-3,540,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Basaa, Bakoko, Yambassa""}",,,bib7640,no +540-location-1,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Kelleng, Mbougu\u00e9, Nyambat and Ndokbikim villages in the Ndom Sub-Division, Sanaga-Maritime Division, in the Littoral Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib3044,no +540-location-2,540,location,"{""Description"": ""Le groupement Bati se situe dans l'arrondissement de Galim (30 km environ de Mbouda, chef-lieu du D\u00e9partement), d\u00e9partement de Bamboutos, province de l'Ouest. Il s'\u00e9tend sur une superficie de 42 km2 et compte environ 2.500 habitants.""}",,,bib5610,no +540-location-3,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.2012, 10.7858]]}",,,bib5330,no +540-location-4,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Bati, D\u00e9p. de Bamboutas, (East) Cameroun""}",,,bib7863,no 540-location-5,540,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Bati, D\u00e9p. de Bamboutas, (East) Cameroun""}",,,,no -540-speaker_number-1,540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Ethnologue (11th edition) gives the number of Bati speakers as 5,500, whereas ALCAM gives a figure of less than 5,000. The present population is estimated by the administration at 7-800.",bib3030,no -540-speakers-1,540,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Ethnologue (11th edition) gives the number of Bati speakers as 5,500, whereas ALCAM gives a figure of less than 5,000. The present population is estimated by the administration at 7-800.",bib3030,no -540-speaker_number-2,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -540-speakers-2,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -540-speaker_number-3,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -540-speakers-3,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -540-speaker_number-4,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -540-speakers-4,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -540-LEI-1,540,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3030,no -540-transmission-1,540,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3030,no -540-domains_of_use-1,540,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3030,no -540-speaker_number_trends-1,540,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3030,no -540-vitality-1,540,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3030,no -540-LEI-2,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -540-vitality-2,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -540-LEI-3,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -540-vitality-3,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -540-LEI-4,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -540-vitality-4,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -5401-location-1,5401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6533, 55.6787]]}",,,bib5307,no +540-speaker_number-1,540,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Ethnologue (11th edition) gives the number of Bati speakers as 5,500, whereas ALCAM gives a figure of less than 5,000. The present population is estimated by the administration at 7-800.",bib3044,no +540-speakers-1,540,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Ethnologue (11th edition) gives the number of Bati speakers as 5,500, whereas ALCAM gives a figure of less than 5,000. The present population is estimated by the administration at 7-800.",bib3044,no +540-speaker_number-2,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +540-speakers-2,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +540-speaker_number-3,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +540-speakers-3,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +540-speaker_number-4,540,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +540-speakers-4,540,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +540-LEI-1,540,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3044,no +540-transmission-1,540,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib3044,no +540-domains_of_use-1,540,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3044,no +540-speaker_number_trends-1,540,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib3044,no +540-vitality-1,540,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3044,no +540-LEI-2,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +540-vitality-2,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +540-LEI-3,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +540-vitality-3,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +540-LEI-4,540,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +540-vitality-4,540,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +5401-location-1,5401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6533, 55.6787]]}",,,bib5330,no 5401-location-2,5401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,yes 5401-location-3,5401,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.77895, 81.217711]]}",,,bib75,no 5401-location-4,5401,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""Iran""], ""Description"": ""Nepal: Seti zone, Kailali District, along Karnali River; Bheri zone, Surkhet District along Bheri River; Mahakali zone, along Mahakali River; Kanchanpur District, Mahendranagar tahsil""}",,,bib67,no -5401-speaker_number-1,5401,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5401-speakers-1,5401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5401-speaker_number-1,5401,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5401-speakers-1,5401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5401-speaker_number-2,5401,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib140,yes 5401-speakers-2,5401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""579"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib140,yes 5401-speaker_number-3,5401,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5401-speakers-3,5401,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5401-LEI-1,5401,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5401-vitality-1,5401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5401-LEI-1,5401,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5401-vitality-1,5401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5401-LEI-2,5401,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,yes 5401-vitality-2,5401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,yes 5401-LEI-3,5401,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5401-vitality-3,5401,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5402-location-1,5402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.299556, 52.201411]]}",,,bib1125,no -5402-location-2,5402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6533, 55.6787]]}",,,bib5307,no +5402-location-1,5402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.299556, 52.201411]]}",,,bib1134,no +5402-location-2,5402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.6533, 55.6787]]}",,,bib5330,no 5402-location-3,5402,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.828719, 54.623117]]}",,,bib75,no 5402-location-4,5402,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""]}",,,bib67,yes 5402-speaker_number-1,5402,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no @@ -54466,22 +54670,22 @@ Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly 5402-vitality-2,5402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5402-LEI-3,5402,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5402-vitality-3,5402,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5403-location-1,5403,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.4278, 134.5495]]}",,,bib5307,no +5403-location-1,5403,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.4278, 134.5495]]}",,,bib5330,no 5403-location-2,5403,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.33333333333, 132.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5403-location-3,5403,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Mariana Islands"", ""Palau""], ""Description"": ""Palau: Pulo Anna, Merir, Helen, and Sonsorol islands""}",,,bib67,yes -5403-speaker_number-1,5403,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5403-speakers-1,5403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5403-speaker_number-1,5403,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5403-speakers-1,5403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5403-speaker_number-2,5403,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5403-speakers-2,5403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5403-speaker_number-3,5403,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600 in Palau (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Approximately 60 on the outer islands: Sonsoral 29, Pulo Anna 25, Merir 5. Outer islanders resident on main island of Palau unclear from the 1990 census.",bib67,yes 5403-speakers-3,5403,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"600 in Palau (Wurm and Hattori 1981). Approximately 60 on the outer islands: Sonsoral 29, Pulo Anna 25, Merir 5. Outer islanders resident on main island of Palau unclear from the 1990 census.",bib67,yes -5403-LEI-1,5403,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5403-vitality-1,5403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5403-LEI-1,5403,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5403-vitality-1,5403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5403-LEI-2,5403,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5403-vitality-2,5403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5403-LEI-3,5403,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5403-vitality-3,5403,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5404-location-1,5404,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.322117, 129.130469]]}",,,bib7945,no +5404-location-1,5404,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.322117, 129.130469]]}",,,bib7970,no 5404-location-2,5404,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 5404-speaker_number-1,5404,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5404-speakers-1,5404,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -54491,77 +54695,77 @@ Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly 5404-vitality-1,5404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5404-LEI-2,5404,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5404-vitality-2,5404,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5408-location-1,5408,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5757, 128.6464]]}",,,bib5307,no +5408-location-1,5408,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.5757, 128.6464]]}",,,bib5330,no 5408-location-2,5408,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -5408-speaker_number-1,5408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5408-speakers-1,5408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5408-speaker_number-1,5408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5408-speakers-1,5408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5408-speaker_number-2,5408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5408-speakers-2,5408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,216"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5408-speaker_number-3,5408,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""4,519 in Iha."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).",bib67,yes 5408-speakers-3,5408,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""4,519 in Iha."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1989).",bib67,yes -5408-LEI-1,5408,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5408-vitality-1,5408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5408-LEI-1,5408,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5408-vitality-1,5408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5408-LEI-2,5408,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5408-vitality-2,5408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5408-LEI-3,5408,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5408-vitality-3,5408,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5409-location-1,5409,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state: Toro LGA, Shau and Mana villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.302759, 9.172005]]}",,,bib69,yes 5409-speakers-1,5409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,yes -541-context-1,541,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin""}",,,bib1786,yes -541-location-1,541,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.7518, 10.0744]]}",,,bib5307,no -541-speaker_number-1,541,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -541-speakers-1,541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -541-speaker_number-2,541,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -541-speakers-2,541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -541-LEI-1,541,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -541-vitality-1,541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -541-LEI-2,541,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -541-vitality-2,541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5410-context-1,5410,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""In town, in school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some Soqotri speakers have reached a state in which they start preferring Arabic to their language and start feeling that their language is no longer suitable for their needs and religion.""}",,The Soqotri culture as well as the Soqotri language is under a huge influence of the dominant Arabic culture and language which infiltrates everything in the archipelago of Soqotra.,bib4866,yes -5410-context-2,5410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6434,no -5410-location-1,5410,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken only in the islands of Soqotra archipelago in Yemen and by the Soqotri immigrants in the Arabian Gulf States mainly in Ajman in the United Arab Emirates. Soqotra archipelago consists of Soqotra, the main and largest island, the island of Abd al-Kuri, Samha Island and Darsa Island. Soqotra archipelago is located in the Arabian Sea around 300 kilometres south of the Arabian Peninsula and 240 kilometres from the coasts of Africa. It is between the latitudes 12, 8 -12, 42 north of the equator and the longitudes 53, 19 -54, 33 east of Greenwich (Zorman, 2006)"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.479891, 53.79618]]}",,,bib4866,yes -5410-location-3,5410,location,"{""Places"": [""It is spoken in Yemen, on the island of Soqotra and the neighbouring islets of 'Abd-al-Kuri and Samha.""]}",,,bib6842,no +541-context-1,541,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin""}",,,bib1798,yes +541-location-1,541,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.7518, 10.0744]]}",,,bib5330,no +541-speaker_number-1,541,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +541-speakers-1,541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +541-speaker_number-2,541,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +541-speakers-2,541,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +541-LEI-1,541,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +541-vitality-1,541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +541-LEI-2,541,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +541-vitality-2,541,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5410-context-1,5410,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""In town, in school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some Soqotri speakers have reached a state in which they start preferring Arabic to their language and start feeling that their language is no longer suitable for their needs and religion.""}",,The Soqotri culture as well as the Soqotri language is under a huge influence of the dominant Arabic culture and language which infiltrates everything in the archipelago of Soqotra.,bib4888,yes +5410-context-2,5410,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6458,no +5410-location-1,5410,location,"{""Description"": ""It is spoken only in the islands of Soqotra archipelago in Yemen and by the Soqotri immigrants in the Arabian Gulf States mainly in Ajman in the United Arab Emirates. Soqotra archipelago consists of Soqotra, the main and largest island, the island of Abd al-Kuri, Samha Island and Darsa Island. Soqotra archipelago is located in the Arabian Sea around 300 kilometres south of the Arabian Peninsula and 240 kilometres from the coasts of Africa. It is between the latitudes 12, 8 -12, 42 north of the equator and the longitudes 53, 19 -54, 33 east of Greenwich (Zorman, 2006)"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.479891, 53.79618]]}",,,bib4888,yes +5410-location-3,5410,location,"{""Places"": [""It is spoken in Yemen, on the island of Soqotra and the neighbouring islets of 'Abd-al-Kuri and Samha.""]}",,,bib6866,no 5410-location-4,5410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5, 54.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5410-location-5,5410,location,"{""Places"": [""Yemen"", ""United Arab Emirates""], ""Description"": ""Yemen: Mainly Soqotra Island; \u2019Abd al-Kuri island, Samha Island in the Gulf of Aden.""}",,,bib67,no -5410-location-6,5410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5331, 53.767]]}",,,bib5307,no +5410-location-6,5410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5331, 53.767]]}",,,bib5330,no 5410-location-7,5410,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.49, 53.92]]}",,,bib75,no -5410-location-8,5410,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken exclusively on the Yemeni island of Soqotra""]}",,,bib7728,no +5410-location-8,5410,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken exclusively on the Yemeni island of Soqotra""]}",,,bib7753,no 5410-speaker_number-1,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"(based on the population of Socotra island) -""Nowadays, anyone who visits the island hardly meets a monolingual Soqotran who never speaks Arabic, especially in the main towns. Even in the villages, the young Soqotrans who attend school are fluent in Arabic. The number of monolingual Soqotrans, usually old men and women living in the mountains and remote areas, is decreasing.""",bib4866,yes +""Nowadays, anyone who visits the island hardly meets a monolingual Soqotran who never speaks Arabic, especially in the main towns. Even in the villages, the young Soqotrans who attend school are fluent in Arabic. The number of monolingual Soqotrans, usually old men and women living in the mountains and remote areas, is decreasing.""",bib4888,yes 5410-speakers-1,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"(based on the population of Socotra island) -""Nowadays, anyone who visits the island hardly meets a monolingual Soqotran who never speaks Arabic, especially in the main towns. Even in the villages, the young Soqotrans who attend school are fluent in Arabic. The number of monolingual Soqotrans, usually old men and women living in the mountains and remote areas, is decreasing.""",bib4866,yes -5410-speakers-2,5410,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib6434,no -5410-speaker_number-3,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The inhabitants of Soqotra are put at 50,000, those of 'Abd-al-Kuri at about 250 (Naumkin 1988:342, 359) and at ten or a dozen in Samha.",bib6842,no -5410-speakers-3,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The inhabitants of Soqotra are put at 50,000, those of 'Abd-al-Kuri at about 250 (Naumkin 1988:342, 359) and at ten or a dozen in Samha.",bib6842,no +""Nowadays, anyone who visits the island hardly meets a monolingual Soqotran who never speaks Arabic, especially in the main towns. Even in the villages, the young Soqotrans who attend school are fluent in Arabic. The number of monolingual Soqotrans, usually old men and women living in the mountains and remote areas, is decreasing.""",bib4888,yes +5410-speakers-2,5410,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib6458,no +5410-speaker_number-3,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The inhabitants of Soqotra are put at 50,000, those of 'Abd-al-Kuri at about 250 (Naumkin 1988:342, 359) and at ten or a dozen in Samha.",bib6866,no +5410-speakers-3,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The inhabitants of Soqotra are put at 50,000, those of 'Abd-al-Kuri at about 250 (Naumkin 1988:342, 359) and at ten or a dozen in Samha.",bib6866,no 5410-speaker_number-4,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"57,000 in Yemen (1990 census).",bib67,no 5410-speakers-4,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"57,000 in Yemen (1990 census).",bib67,no -5410-speaker_number-5,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5410-speakers-5,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5410-speaker_number-5,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5410-speakers-5,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5410-speaker_number-6,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5410-speakers-6,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -5410-speaker_number-7,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7728,no -5410-speakers-7,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7728,no -5410-LEI-1,5410,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4866,yes -5410-transmission-1,5410,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4866,yes -5410-domains_of_use-1,5410,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4866,yes -5410-speaker_number_trends-1,5410,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib4866,yes -5410-vitality-1,5410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4866,yes -5410-LEI-2,5410,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6434,no -5410-transmission-2,5410,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6434,no -5410-vitality-2,5410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6434,no -5410-LEI-3,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6842,no -5410-vitality-3,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6842,no +5410-speaker_number-7,5410,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7753,no +5410-speakers-7,5410,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7753,no +5410-LEI-1,5410,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4888,yes +5410-transmission-1,5410,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib4888,yes +5410-domains_of_use-1,5410,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4888,yes +5410-speaker_number_trends-1,5410,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib4888,yes +5410-vitality-1,5410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib4888,yes +5410-LEI-2,5410,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6458,no +5410-transmission-2,5410,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6458,no +5410-vitality-2,5410,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Domains of use are diminishing, as is intergenerational transmission. The author notes that children can no longer count to ten in Soqotri, they only know the Arabic. This shift is mainly due to schooling in Arabic, urbanization, television, and modernization.",bib6458,no +5410-LEI-3,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6866,no +5410-vitality-3,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6866,no 5410-LEI-4,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5410-vitality-4,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5410-LEI-5,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5410-vitality-5,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5410-LEI-5,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5410-vitality-5,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5410-LEI-6,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5410-vitality-6,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5410-LEI-7,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7728,no -5410-vitality-7,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7728,no -5411-location-1,5411,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0715, 145.5685]]}",,,bib7945,no +5410-LEI-7,5410,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7753,no +5410-vitality-7,5410,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7753,no +5411-location-1,5411,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.0715, 145.5685]]}",,,bib7970,no 5411-location-2,5411,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""]}",,,bib67,yes 5411-speaker_number-1,5411,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5411-speakers-1,5411,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""129"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -54582,171 +54786,171 @@ Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly 5412-vitality-1,5412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5412-LEI-2,5412,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 5412-vitality-2,5412,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -5413-location-1,5413,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.9463, 75.1272]]}",,,bib5307,no +5413-location-1,5413,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.9463, 75.1272]]}",,,bib5330,no 5413-location-2,5413,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib67,yes -5413-speaker_number-1,5413,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5413-speakers-1,5413,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5413-speaker_number-1,5413,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5413-speakers-1,5413,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5413-speaker_number-2,5413,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5413-speakers-2,5413,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5413-speaker_number-3,5413,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from G. Erqing (2000).,bib67,yes 5413-speakers-3,5413,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,412"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from G. Erqing (2000).,bib67,yes -5413-LEI-1,5413,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5413-vitality-1,5413,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5413-LEI-1,5413,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5413-vitality-1,5413,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5413-LEI-2,5413,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5413-vitality-2,5413,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5413-LEI-3,5413,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5413-vitality-3,5413,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5415-location-1,5415,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[30.9823, 77.1569]]}",,,bib5307,no +5415-location-1,5415,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[30.9823, 77.1569]]}",,,bib5330,no 5415-location-2,5415,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Sirmaur District, Shimla District, southeast section""}",,,bib67,yes -5415-speaker_number-1,5415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5415-speakers-1,5415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,144"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +5415-speaker_number-1,5415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5415-speakers-1,5415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""31,144"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 5415-speaker_number-2,5415,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5415-speakers-2,5415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5415-speaker_number-3,5415,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Speaker number data: (2005 SIL),bib67,yes 5415-speakers-3,5415,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Speaker number data: (2005 SIL),bib67,yes -5415-LEI-1,5415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5415-vitality-1,5415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5415-LEI-1,5415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5415-vitality-1,5415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5415-LEI-2,5415,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5415-vitality-2,5415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5415-LEI-3,5415,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5415-vitality-3,5415,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5419-location-1,5419,location,"{""Places"": [""Zambia""], ""Description"": ""Central province: north of Lusaka city."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.2, 28.3]]}",,,bib69,yes 5419-speakers-1,5419,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""As a pidgin, this language has no native speakers."", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Second language only.""}",,,bib69,yes -542-context-1,542,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,Now speak Jukun,bib1786,yes -542-location-1,542,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.8309, 10.0277]]}",,,bib5307,no -542-speaker_number-1,542,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -542-speakers-1,542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -542-speaker_number-2,542,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -542-speakers-2,542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -542-LEI-1,542,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -542-vitality-1,542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -542-LEI-2,542,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -542-vitality-2,542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +542-context-1,542,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,Now speak Jukun,bib1798,yes +542-location-1,542,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.8309, 10.0277]]}",,,bib5330,no +542-speaker_number-1,542,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +542-speakers-1,542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +542-speaker_number-2,542,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +542-speakers-2,542,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +542-LEI-1,542,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +542-vitality-1,542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +542-LEI-2,542,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +542-vitality-2,542,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5420-location-1,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -5420-location-2,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""North Sentinel Island, Andaman Islands.""}",,,bib7525,no -5420-location-3,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.5446, 92.2576]]}",,,bib5307,no +5420-location-2,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""North Sentinel Island, Andaman Islands.""}",,,bib7550,no +5420-location-3,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.5446, 92.2576]]}",,,bib5330,no 5420-location-4,5420,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Andaman Islands""}",,,bib255,no -5420-speakers-1,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,No data and people are uncontacted. Language should be considered vulnerable. The speaker numbers are pure fantasy–no count has ever been done.,bib466,yes +5420-speakers-1,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,No data and people are uncontacted. Language should be considered vulnerable. The speaker numbers are pure fantasy–no count has ever been done.,bib468,yes 5420-speaker_number-2,5420,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5420-speakers-2,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -5420-speaker_number-4,5420,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5420-speakers-4,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +5420-speaker_number-4,5420,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5420-speakers-4,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 5420-speaker_number-5,5420,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,A rough estimate by the Government of India lists them as a population of 100.,bib255,no 5420-speakers-5,5420,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,A rough estimate by the Government of India lists them as a population of 100.,bib255,no 5420-speaker_number-6,5420,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5420-speakers-6,5420,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""101"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5420-LEI-1,5420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib466,yes -5420-domains_of_use-1,5420,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib466,yes -5420-vitality-1,5420,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib466,yes +5420-LEI-1,5420,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib468,yes +5420-domains_of_use-1,5420,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib468,yes +5420-vitality-1,5420,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,There is no way to know the true vitality of Sentinel. Community members do not allow outsiders onto the island.,bib468,yes 5420-LEI-2,5420,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5420-vitality-2,5420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5420-LEI-3,5420,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5420-vitality-3,5420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5420-LEI-3,5420,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5420-vitality-3,5420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5420-LEI-4,5420,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib255,no 5420-vitality-4,5420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib255,no 5420-LEI-5,5420,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5420-vitality-5,5420,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5421-location-1,5421,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.41926, 141.7941]]}",,,bib7945,no +5421-location-1,5421,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.41926, 141.7941]]}",,,bib7970,no 5421-location-2,5421,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Sandaun Province""}",,,bib69,no -5421-location-3,5421,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Merabu and Pelama villages.""}",,,bib4545,yes +5421-location-3,5421,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Merabu and Pelama villages.""}",,,bib4566,yes 5421-speaker_number-1,5421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5421-speakers-1,5421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5421-speaker_number-2,5421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 5421-speakers-2,5421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -5421-speaker_number-3,5421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4545,yes -5421-speakers-3,5421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4545,yes +5421-speaker_number-3,5421,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4566,yes +5421-speakers-3,5421,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4566,yes 5421-LEI-1,5421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5421-vitality-1,5421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5421-LEI-2,5421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5421-vitality-2,5421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5421-LEI-3,5421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4545,yes -5421-vitality-3,5421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4545,yes -5422-context-1,5422,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Vietnamese and Khmer are used in official domains respectively in Viet Nam and Cambodia.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer; Mnong (cmo); Vietnamese""}",,"In Cambodia, there is a dominant bilingualism with Khmer (the official language) in Kratie and Kompong Cham provinces; and with Bu-nong (also known as Phnong and Mnong) in Mondulkiri.",bib1098,yes -5422-location-1,5422,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam (B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng province and \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Province) and Cambodia (Krati\u00e9 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1785\u17c1\u17c7 Province, Mondulkiri \u1798\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u179b\u1782\u17b7\u179a\u17b8 Province and Kompong Cham \u1780\u17c6\u1796\u1784\u17cb\u1785\u17b6\u1798 Province).""}",,,bib1098,yes +5421-LEI-3,5421,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4566,yes +5421-vitality-3,5421,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4566,yes +5422-context-1,5422,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Vietnamese and Khmer are used in official domains respectively in Viet Nam and Cambodia.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Khmer; Mnong (cmo); Vietnamese""}",,"In Cambodia, there is a dominant bilingualism with Khmer (the official language) in Kratie and Kompong Cham provinces; and with Bu-nong (also known as Phnong and Mnong) in Mondulkiri.",bib1107,yes +5422-location-1,5422,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam (B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng province and \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Province) and Cambodia (Krati\u00e9 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1785\u17c1\u17c7 Province, Mondulkiri \u1798\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u179b\u1782\u17b7\u179a\u17b8 Province and Kompong Cham \u1780\u17c6\u1796\u1784\u17cb\u1785\u17b6\u1798 Province).""}",,,bib1107,yes 5422-location-2,5422,location,"{""Places"": [""Cambodia"", ""Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.8333333333, 106.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5422-location-3,5422,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Cambodia""], ""Description"": ""Viet Nam: Binh Phuoc, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh provinces. Cambodia: Kratie Province, Snuol District, and southern Mondolkiri""}",,,bib67,no -5422-speaker_number-1,5422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Stieng population might be as much as 9000 in Cambodia (personal communication, Philip Lambrecht, 2010).",bib1098,yes -5422-speakers-1,5422,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Stieng population might be as much as 9000 in Cambodia (personal communication, Philip Lambrecht, 2010).",bib1098,yes +5422-speaker_number-1,5422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Stieng population might be as much as 9000 in Cambodia (personal communication, Philip Lambrecht, 2010).",bib1107,yes +5422-speakers-1,5422,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Stieng population might be as much as 9000 in Cambodia (personal communication, Philip Lambrecht, 2010).",bib1107,yes 5422-speaker_number-2,5422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5422-speakers-2,5422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,059"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5422-speaker_number-3,5422,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6,060 in Cambodia (2000)",bib67,no 5422-speakers-3,5422,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"6,060 in Cambodia (2000)",bib67,no -5422-LEI-1,5422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1098,yes -5422-vitality-1,5422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1098,yes +5422-LEI-1,5422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1107,yes +5422-vitality-1,5422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1107,yes 5422-LEI-2,5422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5422-vitality-2,5422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5422-LEI-3,5422,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5422-vitality-3,5422,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5424-context-1,5424,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Bimin, Faiwol"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Setaman speakers have a positive attitude towards their language. Community members and church leaders all expressed positive attitudes towards the Setaman language, and language attitudes inferred from behaviour (i.e. language use) are also positive. The Setaman people have a strong internal cultural identity, largely based on language, which also contributes to ethnolinguistic vitality.""}",,"Setaman is the primary language used by people of all ages in most interactions within the Setaman language area. This vigorous use of the Setaman language is an indicator of high language vitality. Reported and observed language use data show that both children and adults use primarily Setaman in all of their interactions with each other. Setaman is the primary language used in all domains, except for domains involving outsiders, in which Tok Pisin is used. Apart from reading the liturgy or Scripture, which are not available in the Setaman language, Setaman is the primary language used in church services throughout the Setaman language area. Since there are no schools in the Setaman area, children who attend school go outside of the language area and are taught in Faiwol, Tok Pisin or English. Many Setaman adults are passively bilingual in two or more neighboring languages, but as their bilingualism is passive only, this does not seem to have an affect on their use of their own vernacular. Very little code switching was observed in the Setaman language area, which also indicates positive vitality for the Setaman language.",bib7522,yes +5424-context-1,5424,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin, Bimin, Faiwol"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Setaman speakers have a positive attitude towards their language. Community members and church leaders all expressed positive attitudes towards the Setaman language, and language attitudes inferred from behaviour (i.e. language use) are also positive. The Setaman people have a strong internal cultural identity, largely based on language, which also contributes to ethnolinguistic vitality.""}",,"Setaman is the primary language used by people of all ages in most interactions within the Setaman language area. This vigorous use of the Setaman language is an indicator of high language vitality. Reported and observed language use data show that both children and adults use primarily Setaman in all of their interactions with each other. Setaman is the primary language used in all domains, except for domains involving outsiders, in which Tok Pisin is used. Apart from reading the liturgy or Scripture, which are not available in the Setaman language, Setaman is the primary language used in church services throughout the Setaman language area. Since there are no schools in the Setaman area, children who attend school go outside of the language area and are taught in Faiwol, Tok Pisin or English. Many Setaman adults are passively bilingual in two or more neighboring languages, but as their bilingualism is passive only, this does not seem to have an affect on their use of their own vernacular. Very little code switching was observed in the Setaman language area, which also indicates positive vitality for the Setaman language.",bib7547,yes 5424-location-1,5424,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, North Fly district, Olsobip RLLG, Baktamin area.""}",,,bib69,no 5424-location-2,5424,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.31, 141.83]]}",,,bib75,no -5424-location-3,5424,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seltamin, Ngisokabip, and Baktamin villages at the head of the Murray River, in Western Province""}",,,bib7522,yes +5424-location-3,5424,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Seltamin, Ngisokabip, and Baktamin villages at the head of the Murray River, in Western Province""}",,,bib7547,yes 5424-speaker_number-1,5424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5424-speakers-1,5424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5424-speaker_number-2,5424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 5424-speakers-2,5424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -5424-speaker_number-3,5424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This figure is a projected (2009) population for the villages where Setaman is spoken, based on a 2000 census.",bib7522,yes -5424-speakers-3,5424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""381"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This figure is a projected (2009) population for the villages where Setaman is spoken, based on a 2000 census.",bib7522,yes +5424-speaker_number-3,5424,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"This figure is a projected (2009) population for the villages where Setaman is spoken, based on a 2000 census.",bib7547,yes +5424-speakers-3,5424,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""381"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"This figure is a projected (2009) population for the villages where Setaman is spoken, based on a 2000 census.",bib7547,yes 5424-LEI-1,5424,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5424-vitality-1,5424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5424-LEI-2,5424,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5424-vitality-2,5424,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5424-LEI-3,5424,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7522,yes -5424-domains_of_use-3,5424,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7522,yes -5424-speaker_number_trends-3,5424,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7522,yes -5424-vitality-3,5424,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7522,yes -5425-context-2,5425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib740,yes -5425-location-1,5425,location,"{""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -5425-location-2,5425,location,"{""Description"": ""Village of Upper Shumasht""}",,,bib740,yes +5424-LEI-3,5424,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7547,yes +5424-domains_of_use-3,5424,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7547,yes +5424-speaker_number_trends-3,5424,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7547,yes +5424-vitality-3,5424,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Setaman is the primary language used in the home and for traditional activities and local legal proceedings. Tok Pisin is used alongside Setaman in prayer at home, joking and sports. Tok Pisin is used primarily in town and in interactions with outsiders who don’t understand the vernacular.",bib7547,yes +5425-context-2,5425,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pashai"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib744,yes +5425-location-1,5425,location,"{""Description"": ""Part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +5425-location-2,5425,location,"{""Description"": ""Village of Upper Shumasht""}",,,bib744,yes 5425-location-3,5425,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""West side of Kunar Valley between Pech Valley and Jalalabad.""}",,,bib67,no -5425-location-4,5425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6108, 70.7569]]}",,,bib5307,no +5425-location-4,5425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.6108, 70.7569]]}",,,bib5330,no 5425-location-5,5425,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.477075, 70.574617]]}",,,bib75,no -5425-speaker_number-1,5425,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken in a few households.,bib740,yes -5425-speakers-1,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken in a few households.,bib740,yes +5425-speaker_number-1,5425,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken in a few households.,bib744,yes +5425-speakers-1,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken in a few households.,bib744,yes 5425-speaker_number-2,5425,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5425-speakers-2,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5425-speaker_number-3,5425,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5425-speakers-3,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5425-speaker_number-3,5425,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5425-speakers-3,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5425-speaker_number-4,5425,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5425-speakers-4,5425,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5425-LEI-1,5425,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,yes -5425-vitality-1,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,yes +5425-LEI-1,5425,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,yes +5425-vitality-1,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,yes 5425-LEI-2,5425,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5425-vitality-2,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5425-LEI-3,5425,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5425-vitality-3,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5425-LEI-3,5425,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5425-vitality-3,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5425-LEI-4,5425,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5425-vitality-4,5425,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5426-location-1,5426,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3406, 147.041]]}",,,bib5307,no -5426-location-2,5426,location,"{""Description"": ""As of 2005, approximately 600 Satawalese speakers lived on the Island of Satawal in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). The island is located in the Western Pacific at 7.4 degrees North latitude and 147.2 degrees East longitude.""}",,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.""",bib6326,no +5426-location-1,5426,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.3406, 147.041]]}",,,bib5330,no +5426-location-2,5426,location,"{""Description"": ""As of 2005, approximately 600 Satawalese speakers lived on the Island of Satawal in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). The island is located in the Western Pacific at 7.4 degrees North latitude and 147.2 degrees East longitude.""}",,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.""",bib6350,no 5426-location-3,5426,location,"{""Places"": [""Micronesia""]}",,,bib67,yes -5426-speaker_number-1,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5426-speakers-1,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""458"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5426-speaker_number-2,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.",bib6326,no -5426-speakers-2,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.",bib6326,no +5426-speaker_number-1,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5426-speakers-1,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""458"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5426-speaker_number-2,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.",bib6350,no +5426-speakers-2,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Satawalese, a Chuukic language spoken by approximately 700 people in Micronesia, is a member of a dialect continuum of approximately 17 related speech varieties stretching 2100 kilometers across the Western Pacific.",bib6350,no 5426-speaker_number-3,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5426-speakers-3,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""458"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5426-speaker_number-4,5426,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1987 Yap census.,bib67,yes 5426-speakers-4,5426,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1987 Yap census.,bib67,yes -5426-LEI-1,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5426-vitality-1,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5426-LEI-2,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6326,no -5426-vitality-2,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6326,no +5426-LEI-1,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5426-vitality-1,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5426-LEI-2,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6350,no +5426-vitality-2,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6350,no 5426-LEI-3,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5426-vitality-3,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5426-LEI-4,5426,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5426-vitality-4,5426,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5427-location-1,5427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9001, 147.6411]]}",,,bib5307,no +5427-location-1,5427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.9001, 147.6411]]}",,,bib5330,no 5427-location-2,5427,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.75, 147.55]]}",,,bib216,no 5427-location-3,5427,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Morobe Province, Lae District, north of Yekora""}",,,bib67,yes -5427-speaker_number-1,5427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -5427-speakers-1,5427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +5427-speaker_number-1,5427,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +5427-speakers-1,5427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 5427-speaker_number-2,5427,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5427-speakers-2,5427,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5427-speaker_number-3,5427,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number and ethnic population data (2000 SIL),bib67,yes 5427-speakers-3,5427,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number and ethnic population data (2000 SIL),bib67,yes -5427-LEI-1,5427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5427-vitality-1,5427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5427-LEI-1,5427,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5427-vitality-1,5427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5427-LEI-2,5427,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5427-vitality-2,5427,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5427-LEI-3,5427,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -54754,227 +54958,227 @@ Lushootsheed [lut]: 10 (Watanabe and Sasama 2007), decreasing. Population evenly 5429-context-1,5429,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No government support""}",,,bib172,yes 5429-location-1,5429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.3333333333, 93.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5429-location-2,5429,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India""}",,"Arunachal Pradesh, East Kameng, Papumpare, Kurung Kumey, Lower Subansiri districts, along Par River",bib67,no -5429-location-3,5429,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, East Kameng and Lower Subansiri districts.""}",,,bib7525,no -5429-location-4,5429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.839, 92.8784]]}",,,bib5307,no +5429-location-3,5429,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, East Kameng and Lower Subansiri districts.""}",,,bib7550,no +5429-location-4,5429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.839, 92.8784]]}",,,bib5330,no 5429-location-5,5429,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The Puroiks live in the East Kameng, Papum Pare, and Lower Subansiri Districts of Arunachal Pradesh."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.361, 93.04]]}",,,bib172,yes 5429-speaker_number-1,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5429-speakers-1,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 SIL"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5429-speaker_number-2,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Warfare and slavery have reduced the number of speakers,bib7525,no -5429-speakers-2,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Warfare and slavery have reduced the number of speakers,bib7525,no -5429-speaker_number-3,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5429-speakers-3,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5429-speaker_number-2,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Warfare and slavery have reduced the number of speakers,bib7550,no +5429-speakers-2,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Warfare and slavery have reduced the number of speakers,bib7550,no +5429-speaker_number-3,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5429-speakers-3,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5429-speaker_number-4,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Census data on population numbers may under represent the true population.,bib172,yes 5429-speakers-4,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Census data on population numbers may under represent the true population.,bib172,yes 5429-speaker_number-5,5429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5429-speakers-5,5429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,443"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5429-LEI-1,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5429-vitality-1,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5429-LEI-2,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -5429-vitality-2,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -5429-LEI-3,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5429-vitality-3,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5429-LEI-2,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +5429-vitality-2,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +5429-LEI-3,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5429-vitality-3,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5429-LEI-4,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib172,yes 5429-vitality-4,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib172,yes 5429-LEI-5,5429,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5429-vitality-5,5429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -543-context-1,543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,,bib1786,yes -543-location-1,543,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.9032, 10.0991]]}",,,bib5307,no -543-speaker_number-1,543,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -543-speakers-1,543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -543-speaker_number-2,543,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -543-speakers-2,543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -543-LEI-1,543,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -543-vitality-1,543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -543-LEI-2,543,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -543-vitality-2,543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5431-context-1,5431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kami Tibetan, Prinmi, N\u00e0, N\u00e0x\u012b, and Southwest Mandarin."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib1697,no -5431-context-3,5431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin (Southwest Mandarin), Tibetan (Kami, the Tibetan dialect of Muli County), Pumi (Prinmi), Mosuo, Naxi"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""majority""}",,"The Xumi use their native language as the primary language of oral communication for family and community events. A considerable percentage of Xumi women are monolingual, whereas most men are proficient in Mandarin Chinese (the local variety of South-West Mandarin). In addition, Lower Xumi speakers often have a good command of Pumi (and some even of Naxi and Mosuo), whereas Upper Xumi speakers often have a good command of Gami Tibetan. The language of the Xumi is traditionally considered by its speakers and ethnic neighbors alike as mixed and combining elements of various local languages. It does not have its own writing system.",bib1696,yes +543-context-1,543,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,,bib1798,yes +543-location-1,543,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.9032, 10.0991]]}",,,bib5330,no +543-speaker_number-1,543,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +543-speakers-1,543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +543-speaker_number-2,543,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +543-speakers-2,543,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +543-LEI-1,543,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +543-vitality-1,543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +543-LEI-2,543,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +543-vitality-2,543,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5431-context-1,5431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kami Tibetan, Prinmi, N\u00e0, N\u00e0x\u012b, and Southwest Mandarin."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib1709,no +5431-context-3,5431,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin (Southwest Mandarin), Tibetan (Kami, the Tibetan dialect of Muli County), Pumi (Prinmi), Mosuo, Naxi"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""neutral to positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""majority""}",,"The Xumi use their native language as the primary language of oral communication for family and community events. A considerable percentage of Xumi women are monolingual, whereas most men are proficient in Mandarin Chinese (the local variety of South-West Mandarin). In addition, Lower Xumi speakers often have a good command of Pumi (and some even of Naxi and Mosuo), whereas Upper Xumi speakers often have a good command of Gami Tibetan. The language of the Xumi is traditionally considered by its speakers and ethnic neighbors alike as mixed and combining elements of various local languages. It does not have its own writing system.",bib1708,yes 5431-location-1,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Sichuan, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Muli Tibetan Autonomous County.""}",,,bib67,no -5431-location-2,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Shuiluo Township \u6c34\u6d1b, Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The Xumi people reside in 11 villages in the Shuiluo Valley. The five largest villages are: Xiwa \u897f\u74e6, Dongla \u6771\u62c9, Lanman \u862d\u6ee1, Pingweng \u5e73\u7fc1, and Liangbao \u5169\u4fdd."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.282201, 100.85195]]}",,,bib1697,no -5431-location-3,5431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5263, 100.4734]]}",,,bib5307,no -5431-location-4,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, Muli County, Wachang Township""}",,,bib1205,no -5431-location-5,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xumi reside along the banks of the Shuiluo River (\u6c34\u6d1b\u6cb3) in Shuiluo Township (\u6c34\u6d1b\u9109) of Muli Tibetan Autonomous County (\u6728\u91cc\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23; smi li rang skyong rdzong) This county is located in the South-West of Sichuan Province in the People\u2019s Republic of China."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.275358, 100.666351]]}",,,bib1696,yes +5431-location-2,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Shuiluo Township \u6c34\u6d1b, Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The Xumi people reside in 11 villages in the Shuiluo Valley. The five largest villages are: Xiwa \u897f\u74e6, Dongla \u6771\u62c9, Lanman \u862d\u6ee1, Pingweng \u5e73\u7fc1, and Liangbao \u5169\u4fdd."", ""Coordinates"": [[27.282201, 100.85195]]}",,,bib1709,no +5431-location-3,5431,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5263, 100.4734]]}",,,bib5330,no +5431-location-4,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Sichuan, Muli County, Wachang Township""}",,,bib1214,no +5431-location-5,5431,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xumi reside along the banks of the Shuiluo River (\u6c34\u6d1b\u6cb3) in Shuiluo Township (\u6c34\u6d1b\u9109) of Muli Tibetan Autonomous County (\u6728\u91cc\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u7e23; smi li rang skyong rdzong) This county is located in the South-West of Sichuan Province in the People\u2019s Republic of China."", ""Coordinates"": [[28.275358, 100.666351]]}",,,bib1708,yes 5431-speaker_number-1,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,200 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers and ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no 5431-speakers-1,5431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,200 monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers and ethnic population comes from D. Bradley (2000).",bib67,no -5431-speaker_number-2,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,no -5431-speakers-2,5431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,no -5431-speaker_number-3,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5431-speakers-3,5431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5431-speaker_number-4,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -5431-speakers-4,5431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no +5431-speaker_number-2,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1709,no +5431-speakers-2,5431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1709,no +5431-speaker_number-3,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5431-speakers-3,5431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5431-speaker_number-4,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +5431-speakers-4,5431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no 5431-speaker_number-5,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5431-speakers-5,5431,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5431-speaker_number-6,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Children still learn the language at home; in Xumi villages everyone can speak Xumi and there are even some monolingual speakers (women),bib1696,yes -5431-speakers-6,5431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""ca. 1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Children still learn the language at home; in Xumi villages everyone can speak Xumi and there are even some monolingual speakers (women),bib1696,yes +5431-speaker_number-6,5431,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Children still learn the language at home; in Xumi villages everyone can speak Xumi and there are even some monolingual speakers (women),bib1708,yes +5431-speakers-6,5431,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""ca. 1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Children still learn the language at home; in Xumi villages everyone can speak Xumi and there are even some monolingual speakers (women),bib1708,yes 5431-LEI-1,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5431-vitality-1,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5431-LEI-2,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1697,no -5431-vitality-2,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1697,no -5431-LEI-3,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5431-vitality-3,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5431-LEI-4,5431,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -5431-speaker_number_trends-4,5431,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1205,no -5431-vitality-4,5431,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,no +5431-LEI-2,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no +5431-vitality-2,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1709,no +5431-LEI-3,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5431-vitality-3,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5431-LEI-4,5431,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +5431-speaker_number_trends-4,5431,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1214,no +5431-vitality-4,5431,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,no 5431-LEI-5,5431,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5431-vitality-5,5431,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5431-LEI-6,5431,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1696,yes -5431-transmission-6,5431,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1696,yes -5431-domains_of_use-6,5431,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1696,yes -5431-speaker_number_trends-6,5431,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1696,yes -5431-vitality-6,5431,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1696,yes -5432-context-1,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Other Assyrian dialects/languages; Persian""}",,"Due to the strong influence of other dialects, Senaya is to some extent a mixed dialect.",bib5757,no -5432-context-2,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Farsi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"As families put down roots in their new environments, Senaya is replaced by other languages, mostly Farsi or English, which are seen to be more useful.",bib1413,yes -5432-context-3,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assyrian Neo-Aramaic""}",,,bib7615,no +5431-LEI-6,5431,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1708,yes +5431-transmission-6,5431,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1708,yes +5431-domains_of_use-6,5431,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1708,yes +5431-speaker_number_trends-6,5431,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1708,yes +5431-vitality-6,5431,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1708,yes +5432-context-1,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Other Assyrian dialects/languages; Persian""}",,"Due to the strong influence of other dialects, Senaya is to some extent a mixed dialect.",bib5781,no +5432-context-2,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Farsi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"As families put down roots in their new environments, Senaya is replaced by other languages, mostly Farsi or English, which are seen to be more useful.",bib1425,yes +5432-context-3,5432,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assyrian Neo-Aramaic""}",,,bib7640,no 5432-location-1,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Australia"", ""Iran""]}",,,bib67,no -5432-location-2,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Australia, USA""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in Sanandaj (Sena), Iran by a small community of Chaldean Catholics... In the mid-20th century, the congregation moved to Tehran, and after the Islamic Revolution, many emigrated to other countries. Paul [Caldani] says a few families are in Australia, one or two remain in Iran, but most came to Southern California.""}",,,bib6425,no -5432-location-3,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Australia, USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Iran and diaspora communities in Australia, Europe, and the USA"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.1852, 46.5932]]}",,,bib3725,no -5432-location-4,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Turkey"", ""Australia"", ""Europe"", ""America"", ""Africa""], ""Description"": ""In the United States speakers are concentrated in California.""}",,,bib5757,no -5432-location-5,5432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.2664, 50.0042]]}",,,bib5307,no -5432-location-6,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Australia, Iran""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken by the Chaldean Catholics of Sanandaj, Iran. In the 1950s, the community moved from Sanandaj to Tehran, and since the 1980s, most of the community has emigrated from Iran to the United States, Europe, and Australia.""}",,,bib1413,yes -5432-location-7,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Kurdistan""]}",,,bib7615,no +5432-location-2,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Australia, USA""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken in Sanandaj (Sena), Iran by a small community of Chaldean Catholics... In the mid-20th century, the congregation moved to Tehran, and after the Islamic Revolution, many emigrated to other countries. Paul [Caldani] says a few families are in Australia, one or two remain in Iran, but most came to Southern California.""}",,,bib6449,no +5432-location-3,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Australia, USA""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Iran and diaspora communities in Australia, Europe, and the USA"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.1852, 46.5932]]}",,,bib3744,no +5432-location-4,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Turkey"", ""Australia"", ""Europe"", ""America"", ""Africa""], ""Description"": ""In the United States speakers are concentrated in California.""}",,,bib5781,no +5432-location-5,5432,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.2664, 50.0042]]}",,,bib5330,no +5432-location-6,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Australia, Iran""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken by the Chaldean Catholics of Sanandaj, Iran. In the 1950s, the community moved from Sanandaj to Tehran, and since the 1980s, most of the community has emigrated from Iran to the United States, Europe, and Australia.""}",,,bib1425,yes +5432-location-7,5432,location,"{""Places"": [""Kurdistan""]}",,,bib7640,no 5432-speaker_number-1,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,60 in Iran (1997 H. Mutzafi).,bib67,no 5432-speakers-1,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,60 in Iran (1997 H. Mutzafi).,bib67,no -5432-speaker_number-2,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Our consultant, Paul Caldani, says there are only 48 Senaya families, approximately the same number there have always been.",bib6425,no -5432-speakers-2,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Our consultant, Paul Caldani, says there are only 48 Senaya families, approximately the same number there have always been.",bib6425,no -5432-speakers-3,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 100 families""}",,"In Sanandaj (Persian Kurdistan) where the dialect originated, there are no longer any speakers of Senaya left. In the diaspora, as in Tehran, speakers are mostly absorbed by the Urmeznaya-speaking, predominantly Nestorian, Assyrians.",bib5757,no -5432-speaker_number-4,5432,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5432-speakers-4,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5432-speaker_number-5,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"We estimate that currently only around 200 people are able to speak the language, none of whom younger than their 20s. At this rate, Senaya will be lost forever in less than 100 years.",bib1413,yes -5432-speakers-5,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"We estimate that currently only around 200 people are able to speak the language, none of whom younger than their 20s. At this rate, Senaya will be lost forever in less than 100 years.",bib1413,yes +5432-speaker_number-2,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Our consultant, Paul Caldani, says there are only 48 Senaya families, approximately the same number there have always been.",bib6449,no +5432-speakers-2,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Our consultant, Paul Caldani, says there are only 48 Senaya families, approximately the same number there have always been.",bib6449,no +5432-speakers-3,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Fewer than 100 families""}",,"In Sanandaj (Persian Kurdistan) where the dialect originated, there are no longer any speakers of Senaya left. In the diaspora, as in Tehran, speakers are mostly absorbed by the Urmeznaya-speaking, predominantly Nestorian, Assyrians.",bib5781,no +5432-speaker_number-4,5432,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5432-speakers-4,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5432-speaker_number-5,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"We estimate that currently only around 200 people are able to speak the language, none of whom younger than their 20s. At this rate, Senaya will be lost forever in less than 100 years.",bib1425,yes +5432-speakers-5,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"We estimate that currently only around 200 people are able to speak the language, none of whom younger than their 20s. At this rate, Senaya will be lost forever in less than 100 years.",bib1425,yes 5432-speaker_number-6,5432,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5432-speakers-6,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5432-speaker_number-7,5432,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,no -5432-speakers-7,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,no +5432-speaker_number-7,5432,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,no +5432-speakers-7,5432,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,no 5432-LEI-1,5432,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5432-vitality-1,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5432-LEI-2,5432,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6425,no -5432-transmission-2,5432,transmission,3,transmission-3,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6425,no -5432-vitality-2,5432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6425,no -5432-LEI-3,5432,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5432-vitality-3,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5432-LEI-4,5432,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1413,yes -5432-transmission-4,5432,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1413,yes -5432-vitality-4,5432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1413,yes +5432-LEI-2,5432,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6449,no +5432-transmission-2,5432,transmission,3,transmission-3,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6449,no +5432-vitality-2,5432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Highly endangered... Most children are no longer learning [Senaya].,bib6449,no +5432-LEI-3,5432,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5432-vitality-3,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5432-LEI-4,5432,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1425,yes +5432-transmission-4,5432,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1425,yes +5432-vitality-4,5432,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1425,yes 5432-LEI-5,5432,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5432-vitality-5,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5432-LEI-6,5432,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5432-vitality-6,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5432-LEI-6,5432,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5432-vitality-6,5432,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5433-context-1,5433,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,Very few monolinguals. Katage is used within the community along with Nepali.,bib68,no -5433-context-2,5433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali, foreign languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many identify as ethnically Tibetan with Nepali citizenship, and related but different from Yolmo. Codeswitching is not uncommon, though unmixed language is ideal. Most surveyed Syuba speakers love their language and find it most beneficial. There is strong enthusiasm and participation in language project workshops, recording, literacy and dictionary development."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Syuba Welfare Society Nepal""}",,"Since 2013, the community has been working with SIL International and Nepali-language NGOs on orthography development, a Syuba-Nepali-English dictionary, and a website with recordings and information shared by Syuba speakers.",bib2870,yes -5433-context-3,5433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English""}",,Younger community members now prefer Nepali and English for education and economic opportunity.,bib2868,no +5433-context-2,5433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali, foreign languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Many identify as ethnically Tibetan with Nepali citizenship, and related but different from Yolmo. Codeswitching is not uncommon, though unmixed language is ideal. Most surveyed Syuba speakers love their language and find it most beneficial. There is strong enthusiasm and participation in language project workshops, recording, literacy and dictionary development."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Syuba Welfare Society Nepal""}",,"Since 2013, the community has been working with SIL International and Nepali-language NGOs on orthography development, a Syuba-Nepali-English dictionary, and a website with recordings and information shared by Syuba speakers.",bib2884,yes +5433-context-3,5433,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; English""}",,Younger community members now prefer Nepali and English for education and economic opportunity.,bib2882,no 5433-location-1,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Janakpur Zone, Ramechhap district, a Likhu Khola ridge.""}",,,bib68,no -5433-location-2,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5449, 86.2925]]}",,,bib5307,no -5433-location-3,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Ramechhap district of Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.349813, 86.071987]]}",,,bib2870,yes -5433-location-4,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Ramechhap (Eastern Nepal)""}",,,bib2868,no +5433-location-2,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.5449, 86.2925]]}",,,bib5330,no +5433-location-3,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Ramechhap district of Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.349813, 86.071987]]}",,,bib2884,yes +5433-location-4,5433,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Ramechhap (Eastern Nepal)""}",,,bib2882,no 5433-speaker_number-1,5433,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 5433-speakers-1,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -5433-speaker_number-2,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5433-speakers-2,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,273"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5433-speaker_number-3,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2870,yes -5433-speakers-3,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2870,yes -5433-speaker_number-4,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2868,no -5433-speakers-4,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2868,no +5433-speaker_number-2,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5433-speakers-2,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,273"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5433-speaker_number-3,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2884,yes +5433-speakers-3,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2016"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2884,yes +5433-speaker_number-4,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2882,no +5433-speakers-4,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2882,no 5433-speaker_number-5,5433,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5433-speakers-5,5433,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,273"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5433-LEI-1,5433,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 5433-transmission-1,5433,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib68,no 5433-domains_of_use-1,5433,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,no 5433-vitality-1,5433,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no -5433-LEI-2,5433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5433-vitality-2,5433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5433-LEI-3,5433,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6a,bib2870,yes -5433-transmission-3,5433,transmission,0,transmission-0,EGIDS 6a,bib2870,yes -5433-domains_of_use-3,5433,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,EGIDS 6a,bib2870,yes -5433-speaker_number_trends-3,5433,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,EGIDS 6a,bib2870,yes -5433-vitality-3,5433,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6a,bib2870,yes -5433-LEI-4,5433,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2868,no -5433-domains_of_use-4,5433,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2868,no -5433-vitality-4,5433,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2868,no +5433-LEI-2,5433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5433-vitality-2,5433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5433-LEI-3,5433,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6a,bib2884,yes +5433-transmission-3,5433,transmission,0,transmission-0,EGIDS 6a,bib2884,yes +5433-domains_of_use-3,5433,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,EGIDS 6a,bib2884,yes +5433-speaker_number_trends-3,5433,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,EGIDS 6a,bib2884,yes +5433-vitality-3,5433,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,EGIDS 6a,bib2884,yes +5433-LEI-4,5433,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2882,no +5433-domains_of_use-4,5433,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib2882,no +5433-vitality-4,5433,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2882,no 5433-LEI-5,5433,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5433-vitality-5,5433,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -544-context-1,544,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala""}",,,bib1786,no -544-context-2,544,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cameroonian Pidgin English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Taken as a whole, the attitudes of the community members towards Bubia and Isubu are negative. However, adults are very sad about the situation and would have loved it to be different. Consequently, they are open to solutions that will remedy the situation and offer collaboration to any attempt to safeguard their linguistic patrimony. Obviously, they attach considerable value to their cultural heritage, but the trend is too strong and they feel that they cannot resist the influence of Kamtok, Mokpe and the two official languages: to succeed in the metropolises, one needs French and English.",bib7053,yes -544-location-1,544,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""'The Wovea occupy the largest island of the small Pirate group in Ambas Bay (\""Bota Island\"") and the village on the opposite coas (\""Bota Land\""). The village of M\u0254nd\u0254li (Mondole) on the coast of Bimbia promontory is also related to them. Formerly the Wovea also occupied the two large islands in Ambas Bay...' (Ardener (1956: 12))""}",,,bib6944,no -544-location-2,544,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.0204, 9.2037]]}",,,bib5307,no -544-speaker_number-1,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -544-speakers-1,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -544-speaker_number-2,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,no -544-speakers-2,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,no -544-speaker_number-3,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -544-speakers-3,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -544-speaker_number-4,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"These figures are not even actual and do not reflect the present reality. They were advanced in 1977 by Voegelin and Voegelin, and in 1982 by SIL respectively. Obviously, 31 years after, the demographic situation might have changed drastically.",bib7053,yes -544-speakers-4,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"These figures are not even actual and do not reflect the present reality. They were advanced in 1977 by Voegelin and Voegelin, and in 1982 by SIL respectively. Obviously, 31 years after, the demographic situation might have changed drastically.",bib7053,yes -544-LEI-1,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -544-vitality-1,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -544-LEI-2,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -544-vitality-2,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -544-LEI-3,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -544-vitality-3,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -544-LEI-4,544,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7053,yes -544-domains_of_use-4,544,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7053,yes -544-vitality-4,544,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7053,yes +544-context-1,544,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala""}",,,bib1798,no +544-context-2,544,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cameroonian Pidgin English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Taken as a whole, the attitudes of the community members towards Bubia and Isubu are negative. However, adults are very sad about the situation and would have loved it to be different. Consequently, they are open to solutions that will remedy the situation and offer collaboration to any attempt to safeguard their linguistic patrimony. Obviously, they attach considerable value to their cultural heritage, but the trend is too strong and they feel that they cannot resist the influence of Kamtok, Mokpe and the two official languages: to succeed in the metropolises, one needs French and English.",bib7077,yes +544-location-1,544,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""'The Wovea occupy the largest island of the small Pirate group in Ambas Bay (\""Bota Island\"") and the village on the opposite coas (\""Bota Land\""). The village of M\u0254nd\u0254li (Mondole) on the coast of Bimbia promontory is also related to them. Formerly the Wovea also occupied the two large islands in Ambas Bay...' (Ardener (1956: 12))""}",,,bib6968,no +544-location-2,544,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.0204, 9.2037]]}",,,bib5330,no +544-speaker_number-1,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +544-speakers-1,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +544-speaker_number-2,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,no +544-speakers-2,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,no +544-speaker_number-3,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +544-speakers-3,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +544-speaker_number-4,544,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"These figures are not even actual and do not reflect the present reality. They were advanced in 1977 by Voegelin and Voegelin, and in 1982 by SIL respectively. Obviously, 31 years after, the demographic situation might have changed drastically.",bib7077,yes +544-speakers-4,544,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"These figures are not even actual and do not reflect the present reality. They were advanced in 1977 by Voegelin and Voegelin, and in 1982 by SIL respectively. Obviously, 31 years after, the demographic situation might have changed drastically.",bib7077,yes +544-LEI-1,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +544-vitality-1,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +544-LEI-2,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +544-vitality-2,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +544-LEI-3,544,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +544-vitality-3,544,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +544-LEI-4,544,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7077,yes +544-domains_of_use-4,544,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7077,yes +544-vitality-4,544,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The languages are solely used by adults for everyday communication within the village or in very specific ceremonies like naming, 'born house' (i.e. child presentation to one’s community), chief crowning, burials, death celebration, etc. They are not regularly used when speaking to the younger generation, who frequently understand but do not speak the language. When asked what language they speak, many youths testify that they do not know their language, but rather speak English, Pidgin English or other languages. In the villages, the remaining speakers do not have the chance to be in contact with new media (e.g. internet), and local broadcast stations use either Pidgin English or Mokpe. The village schools use English. In other words, these languages have absolutely no chance to strengthen through the contact with new domains and settings, especially in the official domains.",bib7077,yes 5445-location-1,5445,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5445-location-2,5445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.26525431, 133.6466651]]}",,,bib1182,no -5445-speaker_number-1,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -5445-speakers-1,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no +5445-location-2,5445,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.26525431, 133.6466651]]}",,,bib1191,no +5445-speaker_number-1,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +5445-speakers-1,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,510"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no 5445-speaker_number-2,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5445-speakers-2,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5445-speaker_number-4,5445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 5445-speakers-4,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""915"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -5445-speaker_number-5,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2511,yes -5445-speakers-5,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2511,yes -5445-speaker_number-6,5445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5445-speakers-6,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5445-speaker_number-5,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2524,yes +5445-speakers-5,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2524,yes +5445-speaker_number-6,5445,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5445-speakers-6,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""974"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5445-speaker_number-7,5445,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5445-speakers-7,5445,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,511"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5445-LEI-1,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5445-vitality-1,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5445-LEI-1,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5445-vitality-1,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5445-LEI-2,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5445-vitality-2,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5445-LEI-3,5445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5445-vitality-3,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5445-LEI-4,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,yes -5445-vitality-4,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,yes -5445-LEI-5,5445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5445-vitality-5,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5445-LEI-4,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,yes +5445-vitality-4,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,yes +5445-LEI-5,5445,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5445-vitality-5,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5445-LEI-6,5445,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5445-vitality-6,5445,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5447-speaker_number-1,5447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5447-speakers-1,5447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5447-speaker_number-2,5447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -5447-speakers-2,5447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes +5447-speaker_number-2,5447,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +5447-speakers-2,5447,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes 5447-LEI-1,5447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5447-vitality-1,5447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5447-LEI-2,5447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5447-vitality-2,5447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -5448-location-1,5448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.37660823, 126.2592854]]}",,,bib1182,no +5447-LEI-2,5447,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5447-vitality-2,5447,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +5448-location-1,5448,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.37660823, 126.2592854]]}",,,bib1191,no 5448-speaker_number-1,5448,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5448-speakers-1,5448,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5448-LEI-1,5448,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5448-vitality-1,5448,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5449-location-1,5449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.951158, 125.958117]]}",,,bib7945,no -5449-location-2,5449,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Desert""}",,,bib1387,yes +5449-location-1,5449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.951158, 125.958117]]}",,,bib7970,no +5449-location-2,5449,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Desert""}",,,bib1399,yes 5449-speaker_number-1,5449,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5449-speakers-1,5449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5449-speaker_number-2,5449,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1387,yes -5449-speakers-2,5449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1387,yes +5449-speaker_number-2,5449,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1399,yes +5449-speakers-2,5449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1399,yes 5449-LEI-1,5449,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5449-vitality-1,5449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5449-LEI-2,5449,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1387,yes -5449-vitality-2,5449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1387,yes -545-location-1,545,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.8282, 10.1087]]}",,,bib5307,no -545-speaker_number-1,545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -545-speakers-1,545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -545-speaker_number-2,545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -545-speakers-2,545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -545-LEI-1,545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used only for reunions,bib1786,yes -545-domains_of_use-1,545,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Used only for reunions,bib1786,yes -545-vitality-1,545,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Used only for reunions,bib1786,yes -545-LEI-2,545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -545-vitality-2,545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5451-location-1,5451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.16283449, 121.2749997]]}",,,bib1182,no +5449-LEI-2,5449,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1399,yes +5449-vitality-2,5449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1399,yes +545-location-1,545,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.8282, 10.1087]]}",,,bib5330,no +545-speaker_number-1,545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +545-speakers-1,545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +545-speaker_number-2,545,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +545-speakers-2,545,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +545-LEI-1,545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used only for reunions,bib1798,yes +545-domains_of_use-1,545,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Used only for reunions,bib1798,yes +545-vitality-1,545,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Used only for reunions,bib1798,yes +545-LEI-2,545,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +545-vitality-2,545,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5451-location-1,5451,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.16283449, 121.2749997]]}",,,bib1191,no 5451-location-2,5451,location,"{""Description"": ""There may be a number of Putijarra speakers residing in the towns of Wiluna and Meekatharra. It is unknown whether the Putijarra from this location is the same as Pilbara Putijarra, or is a variation of the language. Remaining Putijarra speakers live in the communities of Jigalong and Yandeyarra and the town of Newman; most are elderly.""}",,,bib173,yes 5451-speaker_number-1,5451,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 5451-speakers-1,5451,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no @@ -54984,21 +55188,21 @@ Data for the number of native speakers and ethnic population comes from D. Bradl 5451-vitality-1,5451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 5451-LEI-2,5451,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib173,yes 5451-vitality-2,5451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib173,yes -5452-location-1,5452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.12222176, 126.7823205]]}",,,bib1182,no +5452-location-1,5452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.12222176, 126.7823205]]}",,,bib1191,no 5452-speaker_number-1,5452,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5452-speakers-1,5452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5452-LEI-1,5452,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5452-vitality-1,5452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -546-context-1,546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Ipulo""}",,,bib1786,yes -546-location-1,546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0531, 9.7338]]}",,,bib5307,no -546-speaker_number-1,546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -546-speakers-1,546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -546-speaker_number-2,546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -546-speakers-2,546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -546-LEI-1,546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -546-vitality-1,546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -546-LEI-2,546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -546-vitality-2,546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +546-context-1,546,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Ipulo""}",,,bib1798,yes +546-location-1,546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0531, 9.7338]]}",,,bib5330,no +546-speaker_number-1,546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +546-speakers-1,546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +546-speaker_number-2,546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +546-speakers-2,546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +546-LEI-1,546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +546-vitality-1,546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +546-LEI-2,546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +546-vitality-2,546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5465-context-1,5465,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tagalog, Bulos (Umiray Dumaget), Edimala (Northern Alta), Bulacan (Tagalog dialect), Nueva Ecija (Tagalog dialect)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The Kabulowan are multilingual. Elders have considerable knowledge of their language, beliefs, customs, and traditions, but language attrition is accelerating due to intermarriage, changes in lifestyle, political and cultural repression, and use of Tagalog.""}",,,bib286,yes 5465-location-1,5465,location,"{""Places"": [""The Kabulowan live along river tributaries in the Sierra Madre mountains in the northern Philippines. This particularly includes the municipalities of Dona Remedios Trinidad in Bulacan, General Tinio and Gabaldon in Nueva Ecija, and San Luis in Aurora on Luzon Island..""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.0149, 121.154], [15.3189, 121.1857], [15.301, 121.1443]]}",,,bib286,yes 5465-location-2,5465,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.18, 121.05]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -55014,329 +55218,329 @@ Data for the number of native speakers and ethnic population comes from D. Bradl 5465-vitality-1,5465,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,One community reported only 60% of Kabulowan families speak the language at home.,bib286,yes 5465-LEI-2,5465,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5465-vitality-2,5465,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5467-location-1,5467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0572, 0.3845]]}",,,bib5307,no -5467-location-2,5467,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, from Volta Lake eastward to Amanfro on the Hohoe-Jasikan road""}",,,bib997,no +5467-location-1,5467,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.0572, 0.3845]]}",,,bib5330,no +5467-location-2,5467,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, from Volta Lake eastward to Amanfro on the Hohoe-Jasikan road""}",,,bib1001,no 5467-location-3,5467,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta region, Volta Lake east to Amanfro on Hohoe-Jasikan road.""}",,,bib67,no -5467-speaker_number-1,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -5467-speakers-1,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -5467-speaker_number-2,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3312,yes -5467-speakers-2,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3312,yes -5467-speaker_number-3,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib997,no -5467-speakers-3,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib997,no +5467-speaker_number-1,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +5467-speakers-1,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +5467-speaker_number-2,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3328,yes +5467-speakers-2,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3328,yes +5467-speaker_number-3,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1001,no +5467-speakers-3,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1001,no 5467-speaker_number-4,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5467-speakers-4,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5467-speaker_number-5,5467,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number data is from GILLBT(2003).,bib67,no 5467-speakers-5,5467,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number data is from GILLBT(2003).,bib67,no -5467-LEI-1,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5467-vitality-1,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5467-LEI-2,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3312,yes -5467-vitality-2,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3312,yes -5467-LEI-3,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib997,no -5467-vitality-3,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib997,no +5467-LEI-1,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5467-vitality-1,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5467-LEI-2,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3328,yes +5467-vitality-2,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3328,yes +5467-LEI-3,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,no +5467-vitality-3,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1001,no 5467-LEI-4,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5467-vitality-4,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5467-LEI-5,5467,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib67,no 5467-vitality-5,5467,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib67,no -547-speaker_number-1,547,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -547-speakers-1,547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -547-LEI-1,547,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -547-vitality-1,547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -548-context-1,548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yangben, Bassa, French, Yambassa""}",,,bib1786,yes -548-context-2,548,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Development Committee"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,To this point there have been no attempts to deal with the issue of language development. This is evidently not a felt need for the people.,bib1206,no -548-location-1,548,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.2861, 10.4919]]}",,,bib5307,no -548-location-2,548,location,"{""Places"": [""Batanga village, Yangben canton, Bokito Subdivision, Mbam Division, Centre Province, Cameroon""]}",,,bib1206,no -548-speaker_number-1,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -548-speakers-1,548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -548-speaker_number-2,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -548-speakers-2,548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -548-speaker_number-3,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1206,no -548-speakers-3,548,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1206,no -548-LEI-1,548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -548-vitality-1,548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -548-LEI-2,548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -548-vitality-2,548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -548-LEI-3,548,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1206,no -548-domains_of_use-3,548,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1206,no -548-vitality-3,548,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1206,no -549-context-1,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cameroonian Pidgin English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Isubu is used on a daily basis by the adults who are able to speak it within Bimbia. But the number of people living in Bimbia today is rather low. [...] Taken as a whole, the attitudes of the community members towards Bubia and Isubu are negative. However, adults are very sad about the situation and would have loved it to be different. Consequently, they are open to solutions that will remedy the situation and offer collaboration to any attempt to safeguard their linguistic patrimony. Obviously, they attach considerable value to their cultural heritage, but the trend is too strong and they feel that they cannot resist the influence of Kamtok, Mokpe and the two official languages: to succeed in the metropolises, one needs French and English. ",bib7053,yes -549-context-2,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala, Mokpe""}",,,bib1786,no +547-speaker_number-1,547,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +547-speakers-1,547,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +547-LEI-1,547,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +547-vitality-1,547,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +548-context-1,548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yangben, Bassa, French, Yambassa""}",,,bib1798,yes +548-context-2,548,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Development Committee"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,To this point there have been no attempts to deal with the issue of language development. This is evidently not a felt need for the people.,bib1215,no +548-location-1,548,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.2861, 10.4919]]}",,,bib5330,no +548-location-2,548,location,"{""Places"": [""Batanga village, Yangben canton, Bokito Subdivision, Mbam Division, Centre Province, Cameroon""]}",,,bib1215,no +548-speaker_number-1,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +548-speakers-1,548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +548-speaker_number-2,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +548-speakers-2,548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +548-speaker_number-3,548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1215,no +548-speakers-3,548,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1215,no +548-LEI-1,548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +548-vitality-1,548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +548-LEI-2,548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +548-vitality-2,548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +548-LEI-3,548,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1215,no +548-domains_of_use-3,548,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib1215,no +548-vitality-3,548,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1215,no +549-context-1,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cameroonian Pidgin English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Isubu is used on a daily basis by the adults who are able to speak it within Bimbia. But the number of people living in Bimbia today is rather low. [...] Taken as a whole, the attitudes of the community members towards Bubia and Isubu are negative. However, adults are very sad about the situation and would have loved it to be different. Consequently, they are open to solutions that will remedy the situation and offer collaboration to any attempt to safeguard their linguistic patrimony. Obviously, they attach considerable value to their cultural heritage, but the trend is too strong and they feel that they cannot resist the influence of Kamtok, Mokpe and the two official languages: to succeed in the metropolises, one needs French and English. ",bib7077,yes +549-context-2,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala, Mokpe""}",,,bib1798,no 549-context-3,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mokpe, Cameroon Pidgin English""}",,"The Isu language is clearly related to -Mokpe, or Bakweri, and indeed it has largely disappeared in favour Mokpe and Pidgin English.",bib998,no -549-context-4,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala""}",,,bib6944,no -549-location-1,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Bimbia, Fako Division, South West Province, Cameroon""]}",,,bib7053,yes -549-location-2,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village, Bimbia, which is a few miles along the coast from Limbe, in northwest Cameroun."", ""Coordinates"": [[3.955366, 9.244283]]}",,,bib998,no -549-location-3,549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0094, 9.5745]]}",,,bib5307,no -549-location-4,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,"Cameroon, west of Douala and east of Victoria along coast, South West Province",bib6944,no -549-location-5,549,location,"{""Description"": ""Three villages on the coast and the islands on the foot of Mount Cameroon""}",,,bib7615,no -549-speaker_number-1,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7053,yes -549-speakers-1,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7053,yes -549-speaker_number-2,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,no -549-speakers-2,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,no -549-speaker_number-3,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are probably about 600 speakers and semi-speakers.,bib998,no -549-speakers-3,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are probably about 600 speakers and semi-speakers.,bib998,no -549-speaker_number-4,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -549-speakers-4,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -549-speaker_number-5,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -549-speakers-5,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<652"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -549-speakers-6,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,"Today it is spoken by only a few speakers, including some children",bib7615,no -549-LEI-1,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7053,yes -549-vitality-1,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7053,yes -549-LEI-2,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -549-vitality-2,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -549-LEI-3,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib998,no -549-vitality-3,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib998,no -549-LEI-4,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -549-vitality-4,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -549-LEI-5,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -549-vitality-5,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -550-location-1,550,location,"{""Places"": [""Benue State, Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Benue State, Kwande LGA, near Turan; and in Cameroon (several villages in Manyu D\u00e9partement)""}",,,bib980,no -550-location-2,550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4354, 9.5278]]}",,,bib5307,no -550-speaker_number-1,550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -550-speakers-1,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -550-speaker_number-2,550,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib980,no -550-speakers-2,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib980,no -550-speaker_number-3,550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -550-speakers-3,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -550-LEI-1,550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -550-vitality-1,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -550-LEI-2,550,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -550-vitality-2,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -550-LEI-3,550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -550-vitality-3,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +Mokpe, or Bakweri, and indeed it has largely disappeared in favour Mokpe and Pidgin English.",bib1002,no +549-context-4,549,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Duala""}",,,bib6968,no +549-location-1,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Bimbia, Fako Division, South West Province, Cameroon""]}",,,bib7077,yes +549-location-2,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village, Bimbia, which is a few miles along the coast from Limbe, in northwest Cameroun."", ""Coordinates"": [[3.955366, 9.244283]]}",,,bib1002,no +549-location-3,549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0094, 9.5745]]}",,,bib5330,no +549-location-4,549,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,"Cameroon, west of Douala and east of Victoria along coast, South West Province",bib6968,no +549-location-5,549,location,"{""Description"": ""Three villages on the coast and the islands on the foot of Mount Cameroon""}",,,bib7640,no +549-speaker_number-1,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7077,yes +549-speakers-1,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7077,yes +549-speaker_number-2,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,no +549-speakers-2,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,no +549-speaker_number-3,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are probably about 600 speakers and semi-speakers.,bib1002,no +549-speakers-3,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are probably about 600 speakers and semi-speakers.,bib1002,no +549-speaker_number-4,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +549-speakers-4,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +549-speaker_number-5,549,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +549-speakers-5,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<652"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +549-speakers-6,549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,"Today it is spoken by only a few speakers, including some children",bib7640,no +549-LEI-1,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7077,yes +549-vitality-1,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7077,yes +549-LEI-2,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +549-vitality-2,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +549-LEI-3,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1002,no +549-vitality-3,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1002,no +549-LEI-4,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +549-vitality-4,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +549-LEI-5,549,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +549-vitality-5,549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +550-location-1,550,location,"{""Places"": [""Benue State, Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Benue State, Kwande LGA, near Turan; and in Cameroon (several villages in Manyu D\u00e9partement)""}",,,bib984,no +550-location-2,550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.4354, 9.5278]]}",,,bib5330,no +550-speaker_number-1,550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +550-speakers-1,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +550-speaker_number-2,550,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib984,no +550-speakers-2,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib984,no +550-speaker_number-3,550,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +550-speakers-3,550,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +550-LEI-1,550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +550-vitality-1,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +550-LEI-2,550,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +550-vitality-2,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +550-LEI-3,550,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +550-vitality-3,550,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5509-context-1,5509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo, Pijin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most members of the community""}",,"Internal to West Gao/Kaloka Ward Gao is used during Church services and there is a published (2008) Common Prayer Book . A translation of the New Testament is underway. Many hymns are also sung in Gao. It is used mostly in the home, occasionally in village speeches although here again, it competes with Cheke Holo due to the fact some of the chiefs and catechists have Cheke Holo as their first language and lack confidence in Gao. -In feasting ceremonies such as fangamu taego (to feed the caregiver), Gao is frequently the preferred language.",bib7801,yes -5509-context-2,5509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (Maringhe), Bughotu, Solomon Pijin""}",,,bib7937,no -5509-location-1,5509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.3514, 159.8167]]}",,,bib5307,no -5509-location-2,5509,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Santa Isabel Island, Kaloka Ward""}",,,bib7801,yes -5509-location-3,5509,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Isabel Island, around Tatamba""}",,,bib7937,no +In feasting ceremonies such as fangamu taego (to feed the caregiver), Gao is frequently the preferred language.",bib7826,yes +5509-context-2,5509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cheke Holo (Maringhe), Bughotu, Solomon Pijin""}",,,bib7962,no +5509-location-1,5509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.3514, 159.8167]]}",,,bib5330,no +5509-location-2,5509,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Santa Isabel Island, Kaloka Ward""}",,,bib7826,yes +5509-location-3,5509,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Isabel Island, around Tatamba""}",,,bib7962,no 5509-location-4,5509,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,no -5509-speaker_number-1,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5509-speakers-1,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5509-speaker_number-2,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The 2009 census has the population of Kaloka Ward - the main Gao speaking Ward - as 962 out of a total population of 26, 158.",bib7801,yes -5509-speakers-2,5509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""962"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The 2009 census has the population of Kaloka Ward - the main Gao speaking Ward - as 962 out of a total population of 26, 158.",bib7801,yes -5509-speaker_number-3,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number may still be valid today, but there is an increasing number of mixed marriages, and the home language of children tends to become increasingly the large neighboring closely related Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) language.",bib7937,no -5509-speakers-3,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number may still be valid today, but there is an increasing number of mixed marriages, and the home language of children tends to become increasingly the large neighboring closely related Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) language.",bib7937,no +5509-speaker_number-1,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5509-speakers-1,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5509-speaker_number-2,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The 2009 census has the population of Kaloka Ward - the main Gao speaking Ward - as 962 out of a total population of 26, 158.",bib7826,yes +5509-speakers-2,5509,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""962"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The 2009 census has the population of Kaloka Ward - the main Gao speaking Ward - as 962 out of a total population of 26, 158.",bib7826,yes +5509-speaker_number-3,5509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number may still be valid today, but there is an increasing number of mixed marriages, and the home language of children tends to become increasingly the large neighboring closely related Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) language.",bib7962,no +5509-speakers-3,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number may still be valid today, but there is an increasing number of mixed marriages, and the home language of children tends to become increasingly the large neighboring closely related Cheke Holo (or Maringhe) language.",bib7962,no 5509-speaker_number-4,5509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5509-speakers-4,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,215"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5509-speaker_number-5,5509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5509-speakers-5,5509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,220"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5509-LEI-1,5509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5509-vitality-1,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5509-LEI-2,5509,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7801,yes -5509-transmission-2,5509,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7801,yes -5509-domains_of_use-2,5509,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7801,yes -5509-speaker_number_trends-2,5509,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7801,yes -5509-vitality-2,5509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7801,yes -5509-LEI-3,5509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5509-vitality-3,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +5509-LEI-1,5509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5509-vitality-1,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5509-LEI-2,5509,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7826,yes +5509-transmission-2,5509,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7826,yes +5509-domains_of_use-2,5509,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7826,yes +5509-speaker_number_trends-2,5509,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7826,yes +5509-vitality-2,5509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some households are predominately Cheke Holo. Although children from such households will pick up Gao from class mates due to contact at local primary school. School teaching language is largely pidgin, Cheke Holo, but occasionally Gao. There is an impetus to speak Gao because Gao speakers immediately understand and can speak Cheke Holo, whereas the reverse does not hold. Cheke Holo speakers frequently do not feel confident to speak Gao.",bib7826,yes +5509-LEI-3,5509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5509-vitality-3,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 5509-LEI-4,5509,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5509-vitality-4,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5509-LEI-5,5509,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5509-vitality-5,5509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -551-context-1,551,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Kenyang""}",,,bib1786,yes -551-context-2,551,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market, Clinic, Council Meetings, Public Announcements""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kenyang, Pidgin English, Moghamo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib460,no -551-location-1,551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.7061, 9.6377]]}",,,bib5307,no -551-location-2,551,location,"{""Places"": [""South West Province of the Republic of Cameroon""]}",,,bib460,no -551-speaker_number-1,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -551-speakers-1,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -551-speaker_number-2,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -551-speakers-2,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -551-speaker_number-3,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib460,no -551-speakers-3,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib460,no -551-LEI-1,551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -551-vitality-1,551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -551-LEI-2,551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -551-vitality-2,551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -551-LEI-3,551,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib460,no -551-transmission-3,551,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib460,no -551-domains_of_use-3,551,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib460,no -551-speaker_number_trends-3,551,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib460,no -551-vitality-3,551,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib460,no -5510-context-1,5510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Roviana""}",,Widespread bilingualism in the lingua franca Roviana puts some pressure on Faghani and children switch to it.,bib7937,no -5510-location-1,5510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.4337, 161.5979]]}",,,bib5307,no -5510-location-2,5510,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern part of San Cristobal (Makira) Island""}",,,bib7937,no +551-context-1,551,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Kenyang""}",,,bib1798,yes +551-context-2,551,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market, Clinic, Council Meetings, Public Announcements""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kenyang, Pidgin English, Moghamo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib461,no +551-location-1,551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.7061, 9.6377]]}",,,bib5330,no +551-location-2,551,location,"{""Places"": [""South West Province of the Republic of Cameroon""]}",,,bib461,no +551-speaker_number-1,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +551-speakers-1,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +551-speaker_number-2,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +551-speakers-2,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +551-speaker_number-3,551,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib461,no +551-speakers-3,551,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib461,no +551-LEI-1,551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +551-vitality-1,551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +551-LEI-2,551,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +551-vitality-2,551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +551-LEI-3,551,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib461,no +551-transmission-3,551,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib461,no +551-domains_of_use-3,551,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib461,no +551-speaker_number_trends-3,551,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib461,no +551-vitality-3,551,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib461,no +5510-context-1,5510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Roviana""}",,Widespread bilingualism in the lingua franca Roviana puts some pressure on Faghani and children switch to it.,bib7962,no +5510-location-1,5510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.4337, 161.5979]]}",,,bib5330,no +5510-location-2,5510,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""], ""Description"": ""Northwestern part of San Cristobal (Makira) Island""}",,,bib7962,no 5510-location-3,5510,location,"{""Places"": [""Solomon Islands""]}",,,bib67,yes -5510-speaker_number-1,5510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5510-speakers-1,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5510-speaker_number-2,5510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 300 speakers were reported. There may be 200–250 today.",bib7937,no -5510-speakers-2,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 300 speakers were reported. There may be 200–250 today.",bib7937,no +5510-speaker_number-1,5510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5510-speakers-1,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5510-speaker_number-2,5510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 300 speakers were reported. There may be 200–250 today.",bib7962,no +5510-speakers-2,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 300 speakers were reported. There may be 200–250 today.",bib7962,no 5510-speaker_number-3,5510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5510-speakers-3,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""902"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5510-speaker_number-4,5510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 5510-speakers-4,5510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -5510-LEI-1,5510,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5510-vitality-1,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5510-LEI-2,5510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5510-vitality-2,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +5510-LEI-1,5510,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5510-vitality-1,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5510-LEI-2,5510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5510-vitality-2,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 5510-LEI-3,5510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5510-vitality-3,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5510-LEI-4,5510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5510-vitality-4,5510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5511-context-1,5511,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Efate, Bislama"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7937,no -5511-location-1,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Shepherd Islands (Emae)""}",,,bib2728,yes +5511-context-1,5511,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""North Efate, Bislama"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7962,no +5511-location-1,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Shepherd Islands (Emae)""}",,,bib2742,yes 5511-location-2,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -5511-location-3,5511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.0567, 168.3956]]}",,,bib5307,no -5511-location-4,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Shepherd Is (Emae)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.060795, 168.378739]]}",,,bib395,no -5511-location-5,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Emwae Island, to the north of northeast Efate Island""}",,,bib7937,no -5511-speaker_number-1,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,yes -5511-speakers-1,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,yes +5511-location-3,5511,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.0567, 168.3956]]}",,,bib5330,no +5511-location-4,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Shepherd Is (Emae)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.060795, 168.378739]]}",,,bib396,no +5511-location-5,5511,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Emwae Island, to the north of northeast Efate Island""}",,,bib7962,no +5511-speaker_number-1,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,yes +5511-speakers-1,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,yes 5511-speaker_number-2,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5511-speakers-2,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (Lynch and Crowley)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -5511-speaker_number-3,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5511-speakers-3,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5511-speaker_number-4,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -5511-speakers-4,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +5511-speaker_number-3,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5511-speakers-3,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5511-speaker_number-4,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +5511-speakers-4,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 5511-speaker_number-5,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5511-speakers-5,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5511-speaker_number-6,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -5511-speakers-6,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -5511-LEI-1,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,yes -5511-vitality-1,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,yes +5511-speaker_number-6,5511,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +5511-speakers-6,5511,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +5511-LEI-1,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,yes +5511-vitality-1,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,yes 5511-LEI-2,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5511-vitality-2,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5511-LEI-3,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5511-vitality-3,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5511-LEI-4,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -5511-vitality-4,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +5511-LEI-3,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5511-vitality-3,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5511-LEI-4,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +5511-vitality-4,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 5511-LEI-5,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5511-vitality-5,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5511-LEI-6,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5511-vitality-6,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -5513-context-1,5513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib7937,yes +5511-LEI-6,5511,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5511-vitality-6,5511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +5513-context-1,5513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bislama""}",,,bib7962,yes 5513-location-1,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -5513-location-2,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi Island""}",,,bib1913,no -5513-location-3,5513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.7013, 168.145]]}",,,bib5307,no -5513-location-4,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.689546, 168.126054]]}",,,bib395,no -5513-location-5,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""western Epi Island""}",,,bib7937,yes +5513-location-2,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi Island""}",,,bib1925,no +5513-location-3,5513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.7013, 168.145]]}",,,bib5330,no +5513-location-4,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Epi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.689546, 168.126054]]}",,,bib396,no +5513-location-5,5513,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""western Epi Island""}",,,bib7962,yes 5513-speakers-1,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Lynch and Crowley (2001).,bib67,no -5513-speaker_number-2,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1913,no -5513-speakers-2,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1913,no -5513-speaker_number-3,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5513-speakers-3,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5513-speaker_number-4,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib395,no -5513-speakers-4,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib395,no +5513-speaker_number-2,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1925,no +5513-speakers-2,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1925,no +5513-speaker_number-3,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5513-speakers-3,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5513-speaker_number-4,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib396,no +5513-speakers-4,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib396,no 5513-speaker_number-5,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5513-speakers-5,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5513-speaker_number-6,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 200 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150.",bib7937,yes -5513-speakers-6,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 200 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150.",bib7937,yes -5513-LEI-1,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1913,no -5513-vitality-1,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1913,no -5513-LEI-2,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5513-vitality-2,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5513-LEI-3,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -5513-vitality-3,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib395,no +5513-speaker_number-6,5513,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1981, 200 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150.",bib7962,yes +5513-speakers-6,5513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1981, 200 speakers were reported. Today there may be about 150.",bib7962,yes +5513-LEI-1,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1925,no +5513-vitality-1,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1925,no +5513-LEI-2,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5513-vitality-2,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5513-LEI-3,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +5513-vitality-3,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib396,no 5513-LEI-4,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5513-vitality-4,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5513-LEI-5,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5513-vitality-5,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -552-context-1,552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde""}",,,bib1786,yes -552-speaker_number-1,552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -552-speakers-1,552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -552-LEI-1,552,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Still used in the home,bib1786,yes -552-domains_of_use-1,552,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Still used in the home,bib1786,yes -552-vitality-1,552,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Still used in the home,bib1786,yes +5513-LEI-5,5513,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5513-vitality-5,5513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +552-context-1,552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde""}",,,bib1798,yes +552-speaker_number-1,552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +552-speakers-1,552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +552-LEI-1,552,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Still used in the home,bib1798,yes +552-domains_of_use-1,552,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Still used in the home,bib1798,yes +552-vitality-1,552,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Still used in the home,bib1798,yes 5525-location-1,5525,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.5, -13.25]]}",,,bib216,no 5525-location-2,5525,location,"{""Places"": [""Sengal"", ""Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Senegal: \""Southeast and central along Guinea border, pockets, usually beside Pulaar [fuc].\"" Guinea: \""Koundara region and Youkounkoun area, to Senegal border.\""""}",,,bib67,no -5525-speakers-1,5525,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~18,000""}",,,bib442,no -5525-speaker_number-2,5525,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -5525-speakers-2,5525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +5525-speakers-1,5525,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~18,000""}",,,bib443,no +5525-speaker_number-2,5525,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +5525-speakers-2,5525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 5525-speaker_number-3,5525,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"18,400 in Senegal (2007), population decreasing. 5,270 in Guinea (G. Pruett 2001).",bib67,no 5525-speakers-3,5525,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,670"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"18,400 in Senegal (2007), population decreasing. 5,270 in Guinea (G. Pruett 2001).",bib67,no -5525-LEI-1,5525,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -5525-vitality-1,5525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +5525-LEI-1,5525,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +5525-vitality-1,5525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 5525-LEI-2,5525,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5525-vitality-2,5525,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -553-context-1,553,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, public announcements""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Adults over age 55 are the sole speakers of Mono. They speak Mono among friends, during casual conversations, and at local council meetings but use Fulfulde in the home to communicate with members of the younger generations. Even in Kongrong, where most Mono speakers live, public announcements are given in Fulfulde. [...] young people speak French more than they speak Fulfulde [...] grandparents who would prefer that the young people speak Mono, but the young people are uninterested in learning the language of their ancestors.",bib626,yes -553-location-1,553,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Villages of Liporo and Kongrong, ten kilometers north of Rey-Bouba along the Mayo Godi River"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.758477, 14.178105]]}",,,bib626,yes -553-speaker_number-1,553,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,no -553-speakers-1,553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,no -553-speaker_number-2,553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib987,no -553-speakers-2,553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib987,no -553-speakers-3,553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300""}",,,bib626,yes -553-LEI-1,553,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -553-vitality-1,553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -553-LEI-2,553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib987,no -553-vitality-2,553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib987,no -553-LEI-3,553,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib626,yes -553-transmission-3,553,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib626,yes -553-domains_of_use-3,553,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib626,yes -553-vitality-3,553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib626,yes -554-context-1,554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,,bib6944,no -554-context-2,554,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Fufulde in markets"", ""French in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive among older adults, negative among younger people""}",,"Adults speak Fufulde almost exclusively. Except for the few who speak the mother tongue, older adults primarily speak Fulfulde. The younger people, according to those interviewed, are favoring French over Fulfulde, since French is the language of education. [...] Every one of the adults interviewed said that they are proud of their language and would like the younger people to speak it. The younger people, however, are ashamed to speak the language of their ethnic group.",bib626,no -554-location-1,554,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The village of Tchollir\u00e9 (Benue District).""}",,,bib6944,no -554-location-2,554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.399, 14.1641]]}",,,bib5307,no -554-location-3,554,location,"{""Description"": ""Tchollire, Mayo-Rey Division, North Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib7615,no -554-location-4,554,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchollir\u00e9 village""]}",,,bib626,no -554-speakers-1,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,"Grimes (1984) is cited saying ""Only a few speakers left"". Boyd (p.c.) is cited reporting that Galke and related languages are spoken by ""very small groups of people"".",bib6944,no -554-speaker_number-2,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -554-speakers-2,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -554-speaker_number-3,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -554-speakers-3,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -554-speakers-4,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7615,no -554-speaker_number-5,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib626,no -554-speakers-5,554,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib626,no -554-LEI-1,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -554-vitality-1,554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -554-LEI-2,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -554-vitality-2,554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -554-LEI-3,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib626,no -554-transmission-3,554,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib626,no -554-domains_of_use-3,554,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib626,no -554-speaker_number_trends-3,554,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib626,no -554-vitality-3,554,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib626,no -5546-location-1,5546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.789444, 130.875896]]}",,,bib1182,no +553-context-1,553,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Home, public announcements""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Adults over age 55 are the sole speakers of Mono. They speak Mono among friends, during casual conversations, and at local council meetings but use Fulfulde in the home to communicate with members of the younger generations. Even in Kongrong, where most Mono speakers live, public announcements are given in Fulfulde. [...] young people speak French more than they speak Fulfulde [...] grandparents who would prefer that the young people speak Mono, but the young people are uninterested in learning the language of their ancestors.",bib629,yes +553-location-1,553,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Villages of Liporo and Kongrong, ten kilometers north of Rey-Bouba along the Mayo Godi River"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.758477, 14.178105]]}",,,bib629,yes +553-speaker_number-1,553,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,no +553-speakers-1,553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,no +553-speaker_number-2,553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib991,no +553-speakers-2,553,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib991,no +553-speakers-3,553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300""}",,,bib629,yes +553-LEI-1,553,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +553-vitality-1,553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +553-LEI-2,553,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib991,no +553-vitality-2,553,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib991,no +553-LEI-3,553,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib629,yes +553-transmission-3,553,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib629,yes +553-domains_of_use-3,553,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib629,yes +553-vitality-3,553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib629,yes +554-context-1,554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,,bib6968,no +554-context-2,554,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Fufulde in markets"", ""French in schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive among older adults, negative among younger people""}",,"Adults speak Fufulde almost exclusively. Except for the few who speak the mother tongue, older adults primarily speak Fulfulde. The younger people, according to those interviewed, are favoring French over Fulfulde, since French is the language of education. [...] Every one of the adults interviewed said that they are proud of their language and would like the younger people to speak it. The younger people, however, are ashamed to speak the language of their ethnic group.",bib629,no +554-location-1,554,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The village of Tchollir\u00e9 (Benue District).""}",,,bib6968,no +554-location-2,554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.399, 14.1641]]}",,,bib5330,no +554-location-3,554,location,"{""Description"": ""Tchollire, Mayo-Rey Division, North Province, Cameroon""}",,,bib7640,no +554-location-4,554,location,"{""Places"": [""Tchollir\u00e9 village""]}",,,bib629,no +554-speakers-1,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,"Grimes (1984) is cited saying ""Only a few speakers left"". Boyd (p.c.) is cited reporting that Galke and related languages are spoken by ""very small groups of people"".",bib6968,no +554-speaker_number-2,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +554-speakers-2,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +554-speaker_number-3,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +554-speakers-3,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +554-speakers-4,554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7640,no +554-speaker_number-5,554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib629,no +554-speakers-5,554,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib629,no +554-LEI-1,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +554-vitality-1,554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +554-LEI-2,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +554-vitality-2,554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +554-LEI-3,554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib629,no +554-transmission-3,554,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib629,no +554-domains_of_use-3,554,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib629,no +554-speaker_number_trends-3,554,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib629,no +554-vitality-3,554,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Traditional, non-Islamic ceremonies are the only domain where the Ndai continue to speak the mother tongue.",bib629,no +5546-location-1,5546,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.789444, 130.875896]]}",,,bib1191,no 5546-speaker_number-1,5546,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5546-speakers-1,5546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5546-speaker_number-2,5546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,yes -5546-speakers-2,5546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,yes +5546-speaker_number-2,5546,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,yes +5546-speakers-2,5546,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,yes 5546-LEI-1,5546,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5546-vitality-1,5546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5546-LEI-2,5546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -5546-vitality-2,5546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -5548-context-1,5548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djinba"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Interim dictionary""}",,"...speakers of both languages mix freely and interlinguistic marriage is commong, so that most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.",bib7719,yes -5548-context-2,5548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gupapuyngu, Djambarrpuyngu, Dhuwal""}",,,bib7937,no -5548-location-1,5548,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Ramingining, outstations within 30 km of Ramingining, Maningrida, Milingimbi, Elcho Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.260167, 134.887276]]}",,"in the vicinity of Ramingining... a settlement on the mainland, about 20 kilometers south of the Crocodile Islands.",bib7719,yes +5546-LEI-2,5546,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +5546-vitality-2,5546,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +5548-context-1,5548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djinba"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Interim dictionary""}",,"...speakers of both languages mix freely and interlinguistic marriage is commong, so that most older Djinang speakers have a good command of Djinba as a second language.",bib7744,yes +5548-context-2,5548,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gupapuyngu, Djambarrpuyngu, Dhuwal""}",,,bib7962,no +5548-location-1,5548,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Territory, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Ramingining, outstations within 30 km of Ramingining, Maningrida, Milingimbi, Elcho Island"", ""Coordinates"": [[-12.260167, 134.887276]]}",,"in the vicinity of Ramingining... a settlement on the mainland, about 20 kilometers south of the Crocodile Islands.",bib7744,yes 5548-location-2,5548,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5548-location-3,5548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.47559654, 135.0142775]]}",,,bib1182,no -5548-speaker_number-1,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -5548-speakers-1,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -5548-speaker_number-2,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7719,yes -5548-speakers-2,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7719,yes +5548-location-3,5548,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.47559654, 135.0142775]]}",,,bib1191,no +5548-speaker_number-1,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +5548-speakers-1,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +5548-speaker_number-2,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7744,yes +5548-speakers-2,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7744,yes 5548-speaker_number-3,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5548-speakers-3,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5548-speaker_number-4,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 5548-speakers-4,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -5548-speaker_number-5,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5548-speakers-5,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +5548-speaker_number-5,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5548-speakers-5,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 5548-speaker_number-6,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5548-speakers-6,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5548-speaker_number-7,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,no -5548-speakers-7,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,no -5548-LEI-1,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5548-vitality-1,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -5548-LEI-2,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7719,yes -5548-vitality-2,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7719,yes +5548-speaker_number-7,5548,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,no +5548-speakers-7,5548,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,no +5548-LEI-1,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5548-vitality-1,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +5548-LEI-2,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7744,yes +5548-vitality-2,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7744,yes 5548-LEI-3,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5548-vitality-3,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5548-LEI-4,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5548-vitality-4,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5548-LEI-5,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5548-vitality-5,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5548-LEI-5,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5548-vitality-5,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5548-LEI-6,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5548-vitality-6,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5548-LEI-7,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5548-vitality-7,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no +5548-LEI-7,5548,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5548-vitality-7,5548,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no 5549-speaker_number-1,5549,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 5549-speakers-1,5549,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5549-LEI-1,5549,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5549-vitality-1,5549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -555-location-1,555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0044, 13.5104]]}",,,bib5307,no -555-speaker_number-1,555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly extinct,bib1786,yes -555-speakers-1,555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1786,yes -555-LEI-1,555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -555-vitality-1,555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -5554-location-1,5554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.552078, 134.786606]]}",,,bib7945,no +555-location-1,555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0044, 13.5104]]}",,,bib5330,no +555-speaker_number-1,555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly extinct,bib1798,yes +555-speakers-1,555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1798,yes +555-LEI-1,555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +555-vitality-1,555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +5554-location-1,5554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.552078, 134.786606]]}",,,bib7970,no 5554-speaker_number-1,5554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5554-speakers-1,5554,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5554-LEI-1,5554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes @@ -55353,59 +55557,59 @@ In feasting ceremonies such as fangamu taego (to feed the caregiver), Gao is fre 5557-speakers-1,5557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5557-LEI-1,5557,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5557-vitality-1,5557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5558-location-1,5558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.09237034, 117.6641089]]}",,,bib1182,no -5558-location-2,5558,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kariyarra people traditionally lived around the town of Port Hedland area in the north-west of Western Australia; from Port Hedland west to the Sherlock River and south to the Yule River.""}",,,bib1583,yes +5558-location-1,5558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.09237034, 117.6641089]]}",,,bib1191,no +5558-location-2,5558,location,"{""Description"": ""The Kariyarra people traditionally lived around the town of Port Hedland area in the north-west of Western Australia; from Port Hedland west to the Sherlock River and south to the Yule River.""}",,,bib1595,yes 5558-speaker_number-1,5558,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 5558-speakers-1,5558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -5558-speaker_number-2,5558,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than two fluent Kariyarra speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Kariyarra people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kariyarra heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1583,yes -5558-speakers-2,5558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than two fluent Kariyarra speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Kariyarra people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kariyarra heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1583,yes +5558-speaker_number-2,5558,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than two fluent Kariyarra speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Kariyarra people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kariyarra heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1595,yes +5558-speakers-2,5558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than two fluent Kariyarra speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Kariyarra people who have a passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Kariyarra heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marriages into other language groups.,bib1595,yes 5558-LEI-1,5558,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5558-vitality-1,5558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5558-LEI-2,5558,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1583,yes -5558-vitality-2,5558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1583,yes -556-context-1,556,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewondo, Basaa, French""}",,French dominates among the younger generation.,bib1786,yes -556-context-2,556,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Ewondo, Basaa, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The older peoploe of Bongo generally are able to speak Pidgin, Ewondo, or Basaa. In contrast, the younger generation learns French. Children learn French early, even before starting school. It is reported that they use both Baca and French when at play.",bib1104,no -556-location-1,556,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Centre Province, Mbam Division, Bokito Sub-Division [...] in the village of Bongo in the Yangben canton""}",,,bib1104,no -556-location-2,556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.2971, 10.7446]]}",,,bib5307,no -556-speaker_number-1,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -556-speakers-1,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -556-speaker_number-2,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1104,no -556-speakers-2,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1104,no -556-speaker_number-3,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -556-speakers-3,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -556-LEI-1,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -556-vitality-1,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -556-LEI-2,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is generally agreed that the younger people speak French better than the local language. [...] it seems that language shift may be underway. That is, French seems to be replacing Baca [...] French is used in almost all aspects of daily life, including family life. It is, of course, the language of instruction in schools as well.",bib1104,no -556-vitality-2,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is generally agreed that the younger people speak French better than the local language. [...] it seems that language shift may be underway. That is, French seems to be replacing Baca [...] French is used in almost all aspects of daily life, including family life. It is, of course, the language of instruction in schools as well.",bib1104,no -556-LEI-3,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -556-vitality-3,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5558-LEI-2,5558,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1595,yes +5558-vitality-2,5558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1595,yes +556-context-1,556,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewondo, Basaa, French""}",,French dominates among the younger generation.,bib1798,yes +556-context-2,556,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin, Ewondo, Basaa, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The older peoploe of Bongo generally are able to speak Pidgin, Ewondo, or Basaa. In contrast, the younger generation learns French. Children learn French early, even before starting school. It is reported that they use both Baca and French when at play.",bib1113,no +556-location-1,556,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Centre Province, Mbam Division, Bokito Sub-Division [...] in the village of Bongo in the Yangben canton""}",,,bib1113,no +556-location-2,556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.2971, 10.7446]]}",,,bib5330,no +556-speaker_number-1,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +556-speakers-1,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +556-speaker_number-2,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1113,no +556-speakers-2,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1113,no +556-speaker_number-3,556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +556-speakers-3,556,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +556-LEI-1,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +556-vitality-1,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +556-LEI-2,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"It is generally agreed that the younger people speak French better than the local language. [...] it seems that language shift may be underway. That is, French seems to be replacing Baca [...] French is used in almost all aspects of daily life, including family life. It is, of course, the language of instruction in schools as well.",bib1113,no +556-vitality-2,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"It is generally agreed that the younger people speak French better than the local language. [...] it seems that language shift may be underway. That is, French seems to be replacing Baca [...] French is used in almost all aspects of daily life, including family life. It is, of course, the language of instruction in schools as well.",bib1113,no +556-LEI-3,556,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +556-vitality-3,556,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5560-speaker_number-1,5560,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 5560-speakers-1,5560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5560-LEI-1,5560,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5560-vitality-1,5560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -5561-location-1,5561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.26732129, 130.8928481]]}",,,bib1182,no -5561-location-2,5561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.26732129, 130.8928481]]}",,,bib2590,yes +5561-location-1,5561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.26732129, 130.8928481]]}",,,bib1191,no +5561-location-2,5561,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-17.26732129, 130.8928481]]}",,,bib2603,yes 5561-speaker_number-1,5561,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5561-speakers-1,5561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5561-speaker_number-2,5561,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2590,yes -5561-speakers-2,5561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2590,yes +5561-speaker_number-2,5561,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2603,yes +5561-speakers-2,5561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2603,yes 5561-LEI-1,5561,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5561-vitality-1,5561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no 5561-LEI-2,5561,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2013, Bilinarra has only one first-language speaker and is not being learned by children. Nonetheless, many aspects of Bilinarra are being maintained in language mixing. The most common language practice of middle-aged Bilinarra people is code-switching between Bilinarra and Kriol. This code-switching has fossilised into a mixed language which resembles the Gurindji Kriol spoken at Kalkaringi (McConvell 2008; McConvell and Meakins 2005; Meakins 2008a, 2011c, 2012). This is the main language spoken by Bilinarra people under the age of 35. -Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2590,yes +Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2603,yes 5561-transmission-2,5561,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In 2013, Bilinarra has only one first-language speaker and is not being learned by children. Nonetheless, many aspects of Bilinarra are being maintained in language mixing. The most common language practice of middle-aged Bilinarra people is code-switching between Bilinarra and Kriol. This code-switching has fossilised into a mixed language which resembles the Gurindji Kriol spoken at Kalkaringi (McConvell 2008; McConvell and Meakins 2005; Meakins 2008a, 2011c, 2012). This is the main language spoken by Bilinarra people under the age of 35. -Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2590,yes +Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2603,yes 5561-domains_of_use-2,5561,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"In 2013, Bilinarra has only one first-language speaker and is not being learned by children. Nonetheless, many aspects of Bilinarra are being maintained in language mixing. The most common language practice of middle-aged Bilinarra people is code-switching between Bilinarra and Kriol. This code-switching has fossilised into a mixed language which resembles the Gurindji Kriol spoken at Kalkaringi (McConvell 2008; McConvell and Meakins 2005; Meakins 2008a, 2011c, 2012). This is the main language spoken by Bilinarra people under the age of 35. -Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2590,yes +Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2603,yes 5561-speaker_number_trends-2,5561,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"In 2013, Bilinarra has only one first-language speaker and is not being learned by children. Nonetheless, many aspects of Bilinarra are being maintained in language mixing. The most common language practice of middle-aged Bilinarra people is code-switching between Bilinarra and Kriol. This code-switching has fossilised into a mixed language which resembles the Gurindji Kriol spoken at Kalkaringi (McConvell 2008; McConvell and Meakins 2005; Meakins 2008a, 2011c, 2012). This is the main language spoken by Bilinarra people under the age of 35. -Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2590,yes +Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2603,yes 5561-vitality-2,5561,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In 2013, Bilinarra has only one first-language speaker and is not being learned by children. Nonetheless, many aspects of Bilinarra are being maintained in language mixing. The most common language practice of middle-aged Bilinarra people is code-switching between Bilinarra and Kriol. This code-switching has fossilised into a mixed language which resembles the Gurindji Kriol spoken at Kalkaringi (McConvell 2008; McConvell and Meakins 2005; Meakins 2008a, 2011c, 2012). This is the main language spoken by Bilinarra people under the age of 35. -Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2590,yes +Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian Aboriginal Language of the Northern Territory, De Gruyter, Inc., 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central",bib2603,yes 5562-speaker_number-1,5562,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 5562-speakers-1,5562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5562-LEI-1,5562,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes @@ -55419,461 +55623,461 @@ Meakins, Felicity, and Rachel Nordlinger. A Grammar of Bilinarra : An Australian 5565-LEI-1,5565,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5565-vitality-1,5565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 5566-context-1,5566,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,Shifting to Hausa [hau].,bib67,yes -5566-location-1,5566,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Bauchi State, Darazo LGA, Ganjuwa district, and Ningi LGA, Warji district and in Jigawa State, Birnin Kudu LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.172964, 9.751768]]}",,,bib1036,no +5566-location-1,5566,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Bauchi State, Darazo LGA, Ganjuwa district, and Ningi LGA, Warji district and in Jigawa State, Birnin Kudu LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.172964, 9.751768]]}",,,bib1040,no 5566-location-2,5566,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi state, Ningi LGA; Jigawa state, Birnin Kudu LGA."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.066981, 9.564444], [11.449973, 9.475576]]}",,,bib67,yes 5566-speaker_number-1,5566,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5566-speakers-1,5566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5566-LEI-1,5566,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5566-vitality-1,5566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5568-location-1,5568,location,"{""Places"": [""Rivers State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Rivers State, Gokana\u2013Tai\u2013Eleme LGA, Ban\u2013Ogoi plus villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[4.649881, 7.282008]]}",,,bib980,no -5568-speaker_number-1,5568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib464,yes -5568-speakers-1,5568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib464,yes -5568-speaker_number-2,5568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib980,no -5568-speakers-2,5568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib980,no +5568-location-1,5568,location,"{""Places"": [""Rivers State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Rivers State, Gokana\u2013Tai\u2013Eleme LGA, Ban\u2013Ogoi plus villages"", ""Coordinates"": [[4.649881, 7.282008]]}",,,bib984,no +5568-speaker_number-1,5568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib465,yes +5568-speakers-1,5568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib465,yes +5568-speaker_number-2,5568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib984,no +5568-speakers-2,5568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib984,no 5568-speaker_number-3,5568,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5568-speakers-3,5568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5568-LEI-1,5568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib464,yes -5568-vitality-1,5568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib464,yes -5568-LEI-2,5568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5568-vitality-2,5568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no +5568-LEI-1,5568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib465,yes +5568-vitality-1,5568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib465,yes +5568-LEI-2,5568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5568-vitality-2,5568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no 5568-LEI-3,5568,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5568-vitality-3,5568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -557-context-1,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin; Tunen;""}",,"Speakers bilingual in Tunen, Pidgin.",bib1786,yes -557-context-2,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banen""}",,Tuotomb is likely spoken only by village elders.,bib6944,no -557-context-3,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tunen;""}",,The Botomp now tend to speak Tunen.,bib7615,no +557-context-1,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cameroon Pidgin; Tunen;""}",,"Speakers bilingual in Tunen, Pidgin.",bib1798,yes +557-context-2,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banen""}",,Tuotomb is likely spoken only by village elders.,bib6968,no +557-context-3,557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tunen;""}",,The Botomp now tend to speak Tunen.,bib7640,no 557-location-1,557,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -557-location-2,557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.4449, 10.371]]}",,,bib5307,no -557-location-3,557,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The village of Bonek on the Ndikinimeki-Bafia road.""}",,,bib6944,no -557-location-4,557,location,"{""Description"": ""In Bonek, near Ndikinemeki, Cameroon.""}",,,bib7615,no +557-location-2,557,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.4449, 10.371]]}",,,bib5330,no +557-location-3,557,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""The village of Bonek on the Ndikinimeki-Bafia road.""}",,,bib6968,no +557-location-4,557,location,"{""Description"": ""In Bonek, near Ndikinemeki, Cameroon.""}",,,bib7640,no 557-speaker_number-1,557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 557-speakers-1,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -557-speaker_number-2,557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -557-speakers-2,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -557-speaker_number-3,557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -557-speakers-3,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +557-speaker_number-2,557,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +557-speakers-2,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +557-speaker_number-3,557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +557-speakers-3,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 557-speaker_number-4,557,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 557-speakers-4,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -557-speaker_number-5,557,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -557-speakers-5,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -557-speakers-6,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7615,no +557-speaker_number-5,557,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +557-speakers-5,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +557-speakers-6,557,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,,bib7640,no 557-LEI-1,557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 557-vitality-1,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -557-LEI-2,557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -557-vitality-2,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -557-LEI-3,557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -557-vitality-3,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +557-LEI-2,557,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +557-vitality-2,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +557-LEI-3,557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +557-vitality-3,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 557-LEI-4,557,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 557-vitality-4,557,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -557-LEI-5,557,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -557-transmission-5,557,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6944,no -557-vitality-5,557,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6944,no -558-context-1,558,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, home, friends, community associations, market, work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Young people who still have proficiency in Iyasa self-report increasing use of French in all domains, typical of a generational shift in progress... use of French is increasing in domains previously occupied by Iyasa, such as the home and community associations.",bib812,yes -558-location-1,558,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Spoken along a stretch of coast which straddles the border between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea... Iyasa speakers in Cameroon are concentrated in Campo Sub-Division, Ocean Division, South Region. In addition, there are Iyasa diaspora populations in Yaounde\u0301 and Douala (Cameroon\u2019s two largest cities), as well as Kribi (the largest city in the South Region), and a handful living overseas.\"" Villages where Iyasa is spoken in Cameroon include Campo Beach, Campo Ville, Ipenyenje, Bouanjo, Itonde Mer, B\u025b\u0301y\u0254, Mbenji, Ebodje, and Lolabe."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.377154, 9.829789]]}",,,bib812,yes -558-location-2,558,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Le yasa est parl\u00e9 en Guin\u00e9e Equatoriale et au Cameroun... La langue yasa est parl\u00e9e au Cameroun dans le d\u00e9partement de l\u2019Oc\u00e9an, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment dans l\u2019unit\u00e9 administrative de Campo. Aujourd'hui, les 3000 \u00e2mes que compte la communaut\u00e9 Yasa occupent la zone du littoral camerounais qui s'\u00e9tend de Lolab\u00e9 (31 km de Kribi) au village Campo Reach situ\u00e9 sur l'embouchure du Ntem."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.360363, 9.843355]]}",,,bib6870,no +557-LEI-5,557,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +557-transmission-5,557,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6968,no +557-vitality-5,557,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6968,no +558-context-1,558,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School, home, friends, community associations, market, work""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Young people who still have proficiency in Iyasa self-report increasing use of French in all domains, typical of a generational shift in progress... use of French is increasing in domains previously occupied by Iyasa, such as the home and community associations.",bib816,yes +558-location-1,558,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""Spoken along a stretch of coast which straddles the border between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea... Iyasa speakers in Cameroon are concentrated in Campo Sub-Division, Ocean Division, South Region. In addition, there are Iyasa diaspora populations in Yaounde\u0301 and Douala (Cameroon\u2019s two largest cities), as well as Kribi (the largest city in the South Region), and a handful living overseas.\"" Villages where Iyasa is spoken in Cameroon include Campo Beach, Campo Ville, Ipenyenje, Bouanjo, Itonde Mer, B\u025b\u0301y\u0254, Mbenji, Ebodje, and Lolabe."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.377154, 9.829789]]}",,,bib816,yes +558-location-2,558,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Le yasa est parl\u00e9 en Guin\u00e9e Equatoriale et au Cameroun... La langue yasa est parl\u00e9e au Cameroun dans le d\u00e9partement de l\u2019Oc\u00e9an, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment dans l\u2019unit\u00e9 administrative de Campo. Aujourd'hui, les 3000 \u00e2mes que compte la communaut\u00e9 Yasa occupent la zone du littoral camerounais qui s'\u00e9tend de Lolab\u00e9 (31 km de Kribi) au village Campo Reach situ\u00e9 sur l'embouchure du Ntem."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.360363, 9.843355]]}",,,bib6894,no 558-location-3,558,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Equatorial Guinea"", ""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""La communaut\u00e9 Yasa - environ un millier de personnes au Cameroun sur le littoral de l'arr. de Campo, d\u00e9p. de l'Oc\u00e9an (R\u00e9gion du Sud) - est aussi implant\u00e9e de l'autre c\u020ft\u00e9 de l'embouchure du Ntem, en Guin\u00e9e Equatoriale et au Gabon.""}",,,bib31,no -558-location-4,558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3284, 9.8464]]}",,,bib5307,no -558-speaker_number-1,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Some sources approximate roughly 3,000 speakers, though many Iyasa people consider this an overestimation.",bib812,yes -558-speakers-1,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Some sources approximate roughly 3,000 speakers, though many Iyasa people consider this an overestimation.",bib812,yes -558-speaker_number-2,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6870,no -558-speakers-2,558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6870,no -558-speaker_number-3,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,no -558-speakers-3,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,no +558-location-4,558,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.3284, 9.8464]]}",,,bib5330,no +558-speaker_number-1,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Some sources approximate roughly 3,000 speakers, though many Iyasa people consider this an overestimation.",bib816,yes +558-speakers-1,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Some sources approximate roughly 3,000 speakers, though many Iyasa people consider this an overestimation.",bib816,yes +558-speaker_number-2,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6894,no +558-speakers-2,558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6894,no +558-speaker_number-3,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,no +558-speakers-3,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,no 558-speaker_number-4,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib31,no 558-speakers-4,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,488 in Cameroon"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib31,no -558-speaker_number-5,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6267,no -558-speakers-5,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,401"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6267,no -558-LEI-1,558,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib812,yes -558-transmission-1,558,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib812,yes -558-domains_of_use-1,558,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib812,yes -558-speaker_number_trends-1,558,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib812,yes -558-vitality-1,558,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib812,yes -558-LEI-2,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6870,no -558-vitality-2,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6870,no -558-LEI-3,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -558-vitality-3,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no +558-speaker_number-5,558,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6291,no +558-speakers-5,558,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,401"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6291,no +558-LEI-1,558,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib816,yes +558-transmission-1,558,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib816,yes +558-domains_of_use-1,558,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib816,yes +558-speaker_number_trends-1,558,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib816,yes +558-vitality-1,558,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While Iyasa still has many speakers in their 20s, most young Iyasa-speaking parents in the Campo area report that their children have only a passive command of Iyasa. Children in Ebodje generally have active command of Iyasa, but are observed speaking mostly French in daily life. Young parents today report speaking predominantly or exclusively French with their children, whereas their parents spoke mostly Iyasa in the home.",bib816,yes +558-LEI-2,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6894,no +558-vitality-2,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6894,no +558-LEI-3,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +558-vitality-3,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no 558-LEI-4,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib31,no 558-vitality-4,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib31,no -558-LEI-5,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6267,no -558-vitality-5,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6267,no -5588-location-1,5588,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.2241, 86.3909]]}",,,bib5307,no -5588-location-2,5588,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Okhaldhunga and Sindhuli districts""}",,,bib5665,yes +558-LEI-5,558,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6291,no +558-vitality-5,558,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6291,no +5588-location-1,5588,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.2241, 86.3909]]}",,,bib5330,no +5588-location-2,5588,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Okhaldhunga and Sindhuli districts""}",,,bib5689,yes 5588-location-3,5588,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5588-speaker_number-1,5588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5588-speakers-1,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5588-speaker_number-2,5588,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5665,yes -5588-speakers-2,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5665,yes +5588-speaker_number-1,5588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5588-speakers-1,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5588-speaker_number-2,5588,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5689,yes +5588-speakers-2,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""271"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5689,yes 5588-speaker_number-3,5588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5588-speakers-3,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,914"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5588-speaker_number-4,5588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Opgenort (2004).,bib67,no 5588-speakers-4,5588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Opgenort (2004).,bib67,no -5588-LEI-1,5588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5588-vitality-1,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5588-LEI-2,5588,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5665,yes -5588-vitality-2,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5665,yes +5588-LEI-1,5588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5588-vitality-1,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5588-LEI-2,5588,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5689,yes +5588-vitality-2,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5689,yes 5588-LEI-4,5588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5588-vitality-4,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5588-LEI-5,5588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 5588-vitality-5,5588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -559-context-1,559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde;""}",,Speakers of Zumaya seem to have shifted to Fufulde.,bib7615,no -559-location-1,559,location,"{""Places"": [""Ouro-Lamord\u00e9"", ""Maroua"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib7615,no -559-location-2,559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5323, 14.3591]]}",,,bib5307,no +559-context-1,559,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde;""}",,Speakers of Zumaya seem to have shifted to Fufulde.,bib7640,no +559-location-1,559,location,"{""Places"": [""Ouro-Lamord\u00e9"", ""Maroua"", ""Cameroon""]}",,,bib7640,no +559-location-2,559,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.5323, 14.3591]]}",,,bib5330,no 559-speaker_number-1,559,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only a few speakers left."" -""As this data was gathered in 1987, it is possible the language is now extinct.",bib1786,yes +""As this data was gathered in 1987, it is possible the language is now extinct.",bib1798,yes 559-speakers-1,559,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Only a few speakers left."" -""As this data was gathered in 1987, it is possible the language is now extinct.",bib1786,yes -559-speaker_number-2,559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,no -559-speakers-2,559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,no -559-speaker_number-3,559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -559-speakers-3,559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -559-LEI-1,559,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -559-vitality-1,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -559-LEI-2,559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -559-vitality-2,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -559-LEI-3,559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -559-vitality-3,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +""As this data was gathered in 1987, it is possible the language is now extinct.",bib1798,yes +559-speaker_number-2,559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,no +559-speakers-2,559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,no +559-speaker_number-3,559,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +559-speakers-3,559,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +559-LEI-1,559,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +559-vitality-1,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +559-LEI-2,559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +559-vitality-2,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +559-LEI-3,559,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +559-vitality-3,559,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5592-context-1,5592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,Taught in public school since 1976 and at local community college and the University of Northern British Columbia (Golla 2007). Speakers 30 and older.,bib67,no -5592-context-2,5592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1282,no +5592-context-2,5592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1291,no 5592-location-1,5592,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia, Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[56.45, -129.39]]}",,,bib73,yes 5592-location-2,5592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.0, -130.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5592-location-3,5592,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""British Columbia, Lower Nass River Valley, Aiyansh (Ay\u2019ans), Canyon City (Gitwinksihlkw), Greenville (Laxtalts\u2019ap or Gitxat\u2019in), Kincolith (Gingolx) villages.""}",,,bib67,no -5592-location-4,5592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.2035, -129.07]]}",,,bib5307,no +5592-location-4,5592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.2035, -129.07]]}",,,bib5330,no 5592-location-5,5592,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada: British Columbia""]}",,"In British Columbia in 4 communities: Laxgalts'ap Village Government
 New Aiyansh Village Government Nisga'a Village of Gingolx Nisga'a Village of Gitwinksihlkw -Urban areas, especially Terrace, Prince Rupert, and Vancouver",bib2541,no +Urban areas, especially Terrace, Prince Rupert, and Vancouver",bib2554,no 5592-speaker_number-1,5592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nisgaa,bib73,yes 5592-speakers-1,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,778"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,107"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3,324""}",,http://maps.fphlcc.ca/nisgaa,bib73,yes 5592-speaker_number-2,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the ethnic population is from Krauss (1997).,bib67,no 5592-speakers-2,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""920"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1,500""}",,Data for the ethnic population is from Krauss (1997).,bib67,no -5592-speaker_number-3,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -5592-speakers-3,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -5592-speaker_number-4,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1282,no -5592-speakers-4,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6113"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""331"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""159""}",,,bib1282,no -5592-speaker_number-5,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2541,no -5592-speakers-5,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""857"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1866""}",,,bib2541,no +5592-speaker_number-3,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +5592-speakers-3,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +5592-speaker_number-4,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1291,no +5592-speakers-4,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6113"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""331"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2018"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""159""}",,,bib1291,no +5592-speaker_number-5,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2554,no +5592-speakers-5,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""857"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1866""}",,,bib2554,no 5592-speaker_number-6,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Two emergent languages. Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people -are fluent speakers.",bib5217,no +are fluent speakers.",bib5240,no 5592-speakers-6,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Two emergent languages. Nisga’a (Nisgha) has between 400 and 500 speakers, with no first-language speakers under 30. Gitksan has about the same number of speakers as Nisga’a (400 to 500), but there is a small number of families in which children and young people -are fluent speakers.",bib5217,no +are fluent speakers.",bib5240,no 5592-speaker_number-7,5592,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5592-speakers-7,5592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5592-speaker_number-8,5592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2905,no -5592-speakers-8,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,110"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""333 fluent and 820 semi-speakers. 958 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""820"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""958""}",,,bib2905,no +5592-speaker_number-8,5592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2919,no +5592-speakers-8,5592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,110"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""333 fluent and 820 semi-speakers. 958 language learners."", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""820"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""958""}",,,bib2919,no 5592-LEI-1,5592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 5592-vitality-1,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes 5592-LEI-2,5592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 30 and older.,bib67,no 5592-transmission-2,5592,transmission,3,transmission-3,Speakers 30 and older.,bib67,no 5592-speaker_number_trends-2,5592,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Speakers 30 and older.,bib67,no 5592-vitality-2,5592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 30 and older.,bib67,no -5592-LEI-3,5592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5592-vitality-3,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5592-LEI-4,5592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1282,no -5592-transmission-4,5592,transmission,3,transmission-3,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1282,no -5592-speaker_number_trends-4,5592,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1282,no -5592-vitality-4,5592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1282,no -5592-LEI-5,5592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2541,no -5592-transmission-5,5592,transmission,3,transmission-3,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2541,no -5592-speaker_number_trends-5,5592,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2541,no -5592-vitality-5,5592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2541,no -5592-LEI-6,5592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -5592-vitality-6,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +5592-LEI-3,5592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5592-vitality-3,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5592-LEI-4,5592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1291,no +5592-transmission-4,5592,transmission,3,transmission-3,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1291,no +5592-speaker_number_trends-4,5592,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1291,no +5592-vitality-4,5592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"5.4% fluent speakers, 2.6% semispeakers, 4.8% active learners",bib1291,no +5592-LEI-5,5592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2554,no +5592-transmission-5,5592,transmission,3,transmission-3,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2554,no +5592-speaker_number_trends-5,5592,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2554,no +5592-vitality-5,5592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Of languages that are contained within B.C. (without speakers in other provinces or states) Nis�a’a has the second largest number of speakers. 15.8% fluent speakers.,bib2554,no +5592-LEI-6,5592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +5592-vitality-6,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 5592-LEI-7,5592,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5592-vitality-7,5592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -560-context-1,560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zande""}",,Bilingual in Zande; assimilated by the Zande through marriage.,bib1786,yes -560-context-2,560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zande"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6944,no -560-location-1,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""]}",,,bib1786,yes -560-location-2,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""in a few villages north of Zemio.""}",,,bib6944,no +560-context-1,560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zande""}",,Bilingual in Zande; assimilated by the Zande through marriage.,bib1798,yes +560-context-2,560,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Zande"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib6968,no +560-location-1,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""]}",,,bib1798,yes +560-location-2,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""in a few villages north of Zemio.""}",,,bib6968,no 560-location-3,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.5, 25.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -560-location-4,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.4902, 26.8505]]}",,,bib5307,no -560-speaker_number-1,560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -560-speakers-1,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -560-speaker_number-2,560,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Few figures are available for speaker numbers.,bib6944,no -560-speakers-2,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Few figures are available for speaker numbers.,bib6944,no -560-speaker_number-3,560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -560-speakers-3,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -560-LEI-1,560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -560-vitality-1,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -560-LEI-2,560,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -560-vitality-2,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -560-LEI-3,560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -560-vitality-3,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5606-context-1,5606,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu""}",,"Classified partly in Bai and partly in Lisu nationality; about 15,000 still speak a distinct language closely related to Bai, known as Lama in Lanping and Laemae (in Chinese, Lemei) in Luobenzhuo; others have assimilated and are simply a local clan within the Lisu in other areas, and speak only Lisu. Group population, including that submerged in the Lisu, is about 50,000; but people who identify as members of this group are far fewer, and speakers number only about 15,000, including most children in the core area of Luobenzhuo.",bib1205,yes -5606-location-1,5606,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.159356, 99.881936]]}",,,bib7945,no -5606-location-2,5606,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Lushui and Lanping counties, Nujiang Prefecture, Sichuan Province""}",,This language is spoken northwest of the main Bai concentration.,bib1205,yes -5606-speaker_number-1,5606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Spoken by the Lama or Laemae of the Bai Nationality.,bib1205,yes -5606-speakers-1,5606,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Spoken by the Lama or Laemae of the Bai Nationality.,bib1205,yes -5606-LEI-1,5606,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1205,yes -5606-speaker_number_trends-1,5606,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1205,yes -5606-vitality-1,5606,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1205,yes -5607-context-1,5607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yongning Na; Chinese; Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Lu (1994) mentions that an average of 36% of the Pumi people in Yunnan do not use Pumi, but have switched to Chinese or other minority language (such as Lisu and Bai). Of the ethnically Pumi Tibetans in Sichuan almost all still speak Pumi.",bib1997,yes -5607-location-1,5607,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Ninglang County, Yunnan Province, and Sichuan Province""}",,,bib1997,yes +560-location-4,560,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.4902, 26.8505]]}",,,bib5330,no +560-speaker_number-1,560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +560-speakers-1,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +560-speaker_number-2,560,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Few figures are available for speaker numbers.,bib6968,no +560-speakers-2,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2000-3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Few figures are available for speaker numbers.,bib6968,no +560-speaker_number-3,560,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +560-speakers-3,560,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +560-LEI-1,560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +560-vitality-1,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +560-LEI-2,560,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +560-vitality-2,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +560-LEI-3,560,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +560-vitality-3,560,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5606-context-1,5606,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lisu""}",,"Classified partly in Bai and partly in Lisu nationality; about 15,000 still speak a distinct language closely related to Bai, known as Lama in Lanping and Laemae (in Chinese, Lemei) in Luobenzhuo; others have assimilated and are simply a local clan within the Lisu in other areas, and speak only Lisu. Group population, including that submerged in the Lisu, is about 50,000; but people who identify as members of this group are far fewer, and speakers number only about 15,000, including most children in the core area of Luobenzhuo.",bib1214,yes +5606-location-1,5606,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.159356, 99.881936]]}",,,bib7970,no +5606-location-2,5606,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Lushui and Lanping counties, Nujiang Prefecture, Sichuan Province""}",,This language is spoken northwest of the main Bai concentration.,bib1214,yes +5606-speaker_number-1,5606,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Spoken by the Lama or Laemae of the Bai Nationality.,bib1214,yes +5606-speakers-1,5606,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Spoken by the Lama or Laemae of the Bai Nationality.,bib1214,yes +5606-LEI-1,5606,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1214,yes +5606-speaker_number_trends-1,5606,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1214,yes +5606-vitality-1,5606,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"About 15,000 of 50,000 Lama speak this variety of Bai.",bib1214,yes +5607-context-1,5607,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yongning Na; Chinese; Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Lu (1994) mentions that an average of 36% of the Pumi people in Yunnan do not use Pumi, but have switched to Chinese or other minority language (such as Lisu and Bai). Of the ethnically Pumi Tibetans in Sichuan almost all still speak Pumi.",bib2009,yes +5607-location-1,5607,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Ninglang County, Yunnan Province, and Sichuan Province""}",,,bib2009,yes 5607-location-2,5607,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0, 101.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5607-speaker_number-1,5607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib1997,yes -5607-speakers-1,5607,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42861 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib1997,yes +5607-speaker_number-1,5607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib2009,yes +5607-speakers-1,5607,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42861 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""32300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib2009,yes 5607-speaker_number-2,5607,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib67,no 5607-speakers-2,5607,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib67,no -5607-LEI-1,5607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1997,yes -5607-vitality-1,5607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1997,yes +5607-LEI-1,5607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2009,yes +5607-vitality-1,5607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2009,yes 5607-LEI-2,5607,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5607-vitality-2,5607,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5608-context-1,5608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yongning Na; Chinese; Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1997,no -5608-location-1,5608,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces""}",,,bib1997,no +5608-context-1,5608,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Yongning Na; Chinese; Tibetan"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib2009,no +5608-location-1,5608,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces""}",,,bib2009,no 5608-location-2,5608,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0, 101.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5608-speaker_number-1,5608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib1997,no -5608-speakers-1,5608,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42861 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib1997,no -5608-speaker_number-2,5608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib5309,yes -5608-speakers-2,5608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib5309,yes -5608-LEI-1,5608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1997,no -5608-vitality-1,5608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1997,no -5608-LEI-2,5608,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,yes -5608-vitality-2,5608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,yes -5609-location-1,5609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.2593, 101.7497]]}",,,bib5307,no -5609-location-2,5609,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Kangding and Jiulong counties""}",,"Living near Minya Konka, a famous Tibetan pilgrimage destination; the name of this mountain contains their ethnonym.",bib1205,yes -5609-speaker_number-1,5609,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1205,yes -5609-speakers-1,5609,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1205,yes -5609-LEI-1,5609,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5609-speaker_number_trends-1,5609,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1205,yes -5609-vitality-1,5609,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -561-speaker_number-1,561,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,[Speakers] scattered throughout CAR.,bib1786,yes -561-speakers-1,561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,[Speakers] scattered throughout CAR.,bib1786,yes -561-LEI-1,561,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -561-vitality-1,561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -5610-location-1,5610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.4, 100.4734]]}",,,bib5307,no -5610-location-2,5610,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan, northern Daocheng and southern Yajiang counties""}",,,bib1205,yes -5610-speaker_number-1,5610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most group members can speak the language.,bib1205,yes -5610-speakers-1,5610,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most group members can speak the language.,bib1205,yes -5610-LEI-1,5610,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5610-speaker_number_trends-1,5610,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1205,yes -5610-vitality-1,5610,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5611-context-1,5611,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib8312,yes -5611-location-1,5611,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.8148, 101.7021]]}",,,bib5307,no -5611-location-2,5611,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the east of north Kangding County an the west of south Luding County, west of Sichuan Province""}",,,bib8312,yes -5611-location-3,5611,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Kangding Conty, Yutong Township""}",,,bib1205,no -5611-speaker_number-1,5611,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9477 people are speakers, and 12564 people are listeners (passive knowledge).",bib8312,yes -5611-speakers-1,5611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9677"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9477 people are speakers, and 12564 people are listeners (passive knowledge).",bib8312,yes -5611-speaker_number-2,5611,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -5611-speakers-2,5611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no -5611-LEI-1,5611,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8312,yes -5611-transmission-1,5611,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8312,yes -5611-domains_of_use-1,5611,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8312,yes -5611-speaker_number_trends-1,5611,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8312,yes -5611-vitality-1,5611,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8312,yes -5611-LEI-2,5611,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -5611-vitality-2,5611,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no +5608-speaker_number-1,5608,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib2009,no +5608-speakers-1,5608,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42861 (as of 2000 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9460"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"For the ethnic population - ""This figure only includes the Pumi living in Yunnan Province. Due to historical reasons, Pumi living in Sichuan Province are all included in the Tibetan ethnicity. It is therefore difficult to establish a precise figure and several estimates have been made: Steven Harrell (2001) mentions 31000; Lu Shaozun (2001:1) mentions around 50000 Pumi-speaking Tibetan, of which around 34000 live in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County."" (p.3)",bib2009,no +5608-speaker_number-2,5608,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib5332,yes +5608-speakers-2,5608,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"60,000 total Pumi speakers, including all dialect varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan. 25,000 in Sichuan are classified as Tibetan Nationality.",bib5332,yes +5608-LEI-1,5608,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2009,no +5608-vitality-1,5608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2009,no +5608-LEI-2,5608,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,yes +5608-vitality-2,5608,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,yes +5609-location-1,5609,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.2593, 101.7497]]}",,,bib5330,no +5609-location-2,5609,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Kangding and Jiulong counties""}",,"Living near Minya Konka, a famous Tibetan pilgrimage destination; the name of this mountain contains their ethnonym.",bib1214,yes +5609-speaker_number-1,5609,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1214,yes +5609-speakers-1,5609,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1214,yes +5609-LEI-1,5609,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5609-speaker_number_trends-1,5609,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1214,yes +5609-vitality-1,5609,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +561-speaker_number-1,561,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,[Speakers] scattered throughout CAR.,bib1798,yes +561-speakers-1,561,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,[Speakers] scattered throughout CAR.,bib1798,yes +561-LEI-1,561,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +561-vitality-1,561,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +5610-location-1,5610,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.4, 100.4734]]}",,,bib5330,no +5610-location-2,5610,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan, northern Daocheng and southern Yajiang counties""}",,,bib1214,yes +5610-speaker_number-1,5610,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most group members can speak the language.,bib1214,yes +5610-speakers-1,5610,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<7,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most group members can speak the language.,bib1214,yes +5610-LEI-1,5610,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5610-speaker_number_trends-1,5610,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1214,yes +5610-vitality-1,5610,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5611-context-1,5611,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib8337,yes +5611-location-1,5611,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.8148, 101.7021]]}",,,bib5330,no +5611-location-2,5611,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""the east of north Kangding County an the west of south Luding County, west of Sichuan Province""}",,,bib8337,yes +5611-location-3,5611,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Western Sichuan, Kangding Conty, Yutong Township""}",,,bib1214,no +5611-speaker_number-1,5611,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"9477 people are speakers, and 12564 people are listeners (passive knowledge).",bib8337,yes +5611-speakers-1,5611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9677"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"9477 people are speakers, and 12564 people are listeners (passive knowledge).",bib8337,yes +5611-speaker_number-2,5611,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +5611-speakers-2,5611,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no +5611-LEI-1,5611,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8337,yes +5611-transmission-1,5611,transmission,2,transmission-2,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8337,yes +5611-domains_of_use-1,5611,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8337,yes +5611-speaker_number_trends-1,5611,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8337,yes +5611-vitality-1,5611,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Though Shiji is not marked on the map (Figure 1), it is located just opposite Guzan across the abysmal but narrow Dadu River. In Qianxi, a doze Han Chinese villagers have learnt to speak the language due to the fact that local Guiqiong speakers do not speak Chinese. In Maibeng, about two and a half hundred people have given up speaking the language. But in all the three most concentrated Guiqiong towns, Shelian, Qianxi and Maibeng, every villagers of the Guiqiong origin can understand the language. In the two north towns, Sanhe and Jintang, over 1000 people of Han Chinese in nationality perhaps of Guiqiong origin can still speak the language.... Even though there seems to be more people speaking the language than originally thought, Guiqiong does not have a bright future when it will be widely and actively used and endless inherited. Instead, quite a few signs suggest a language seriously losing its vigour. At the alpine Guiqiong homes, an older generation over 60 years of age largely monolingual has been using the language whole life long. Within the family, people between 40 and 60 have become bilingual, with most of them making a living in towns and cities where Guiqiong is hardly used. The younger generation can only understand a very limited number of Guiqiong words and hardly speak the language now that they spend most of their life at school or working with Chinese-speaking population. Though most Guiqiong young people marry those of similar backgrounds, the upcoming generation has a slimmer chance to learn Guiqiong better than any of their ancestors.... Guzan has witnessed the prosperity of economy and the fading of a language all at once. As an unwritten language, Guiqiong is not used in schools, whether the teacher can speak the language or not. A child brought up in Quiqiong only is expected to pick up Chinese as son as possible at school age for fear that she/e should not catch up in class. Guiqiong can only be heard in the depth of homes when adults and children exchange daily talks with their elders, when alpine friends and relatives come for a visit or, quite sparsely, when old acquaintances meet in the bustling streets."" (p.18-19)",bib8337,yes +5611-LEI-2,5611,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +5611-vitality-2,5611,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no 5613-context-1,5613,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"""Education in the Qiang areas is all in Chinese, though in recent years there has been a movement to implement bilingual education. Many of the children now can go to school, but the children often have to travel great distances to get to school. They will often live at the school, either for one week at a time, if the school is relatively close, or for months at a time, if it is farther away. Local educators have noticed that even with the opportunity for free education offered by the central government, there has been a continuously high drop-out rate among children from remote villages. One reason, they believe, is that most of the children from the remote villages cannot cope with the school education because teaching in the schools is all in Chinese an they cannot speak Chinese. The call for a bilingual approach in education mainly refers to the use of spoken Qiang as a medium of instruction in the lower grades alongside Mandarin in order to facilitate the learning of Chinese ... -In general, Chinese has been the main language of education and communication with non-Qiang people. The spoken form of Chinese used is the Western Sichuan subdialect of Southwest Mandarin, while the written form used is that of Standard Modern Chinese. The Qiang have been in contact with the Han Chinese for centuries (see Sun 1998). However, in the past, only the men who left the Qiang area to trade or work or had to deal with Han Chinese on a regular basis would learn Chinese. Children below the age of fifteen rarely spoke Chinese, but now with more universal access to Chinese schooling and to TV (which is all in Standard Modern Chinese), even small children in remote villages can speak some Chinese. Now very few Qiang people cannot speak the Qiang language. In many villages by the main roads, and in some whole counties in the east of Aba Prefecture (where contact with the han Chinese has historically been most intense), the entire population is monolingual in Chinese. The tendency toward becoming monolingual in Chinese is becoming more prevalent now than ever before due to strong economic and social pressure to assimilate, and to the popularization of free primary and secondary education in Chinese. The number of fluent Qiang speakers becomes smaller day by day. Qiang is therefore very much an endangered language."" (p.5-6)",bib3665,yes -5613-location-1,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province""}",,"Li County, Wenchuan County, parts of Mao County other than Chibusu, and Songpan County",bib3665,yes -5613-location-2,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \uff08\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u963f\u58e9\u85cf\u65cf\u7f8c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\uff09""}",,"Mao, Li, Wenchua, and Songpan Counties (茂縣、理縣、汶川縣、松潘縣)",bib7109,no +In general, Chinese has been the main language of education and communication with non-Qiang people. The spoken form of Chinese used is the Western Sichuan subdialect of Southwest Mandarin, while the written form used is that of Standard Modern Chinese. The Qiang have been in contact with the Han Chinese for centuries (see Sun 1998). However, in the past, only the men who left the Qiang area to trade or work or had to deal with Han Chinese on a regular basis would learn Chinese. Children below the age of fifteen rarely spoke Chinese, but now with more universal access to Chinese schooling and to TV (which is all in Standard Modern Chinese), even small children in remote villages can speak some Chinese. Now very few Qiang people cannot speak the Qiang language. In many villages by the main roads, and in some whole counties in the east of Aba Prefecture (where contact with the han Chinese has historically been most intense), the entire population is monolingual in Chinese. The tendency toward becoming monolingual in Chinese is becoming more prevalent now than ever before due to strong economic and social pressure to assimilate, and to the popularization of free primary and secondary education in Chinese. The number of fluent Qiang speakers becomes smaller day by day. Qiang is therefore very much an endangered language."" (p.5-6)",bib3684,yes +5613-location-1,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province""}",,"Li County, Wenchuan County, parts of Mao County other than Chibusu, and Songpan County",bib3684,yes +5613-location-2,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""Sichuan Province, China""], ""Description"": ""Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture \uff08\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u963f\u58e9\u85cf\u65cf\u7f8c\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\uff09""}",,"Mao, Li, Wenchua, and Songpan Counties (茂縣、理縣、汶川縣、松潘縣)",bib7133,no 5613-location-3,5613,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.0, 102.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5613-location-4,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib1205,no -5613-speaker_number-1,5613,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7109,no -5613-speakers-1,5613,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130000 (including speakers of Northern Qiang and Southern Qiang)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7109,no -5613-speaker_number-2,5613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Qiang Nationality. Includes a variety of distinct dialects.,bib1205,no -5613-speakers-2,5613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Qiang Nationality. Includes a variety of distinct dialects.,bib1205,no -5613-LEI-1,5613,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3665,yes -5613-transmission-1,5613,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3665,yes -5613-speaker_number_trends-1,5613,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3665,yes -5613-vitality-1,5613,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3665,yes -5613-LEI-2,5613,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7109,no -5613-vitality-2,5613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7109,no -5613-LEI-3,5613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -5613-vitality-3,5613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -5614-context-1,5614,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains"", ""Baima in home domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwastern Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative to netural"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""majority""}",,,bib1692,yes -5614-context-2,5614,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amdo Tibetan, Chinese""}",,Classified in the Tibetan nationality. The language is inundated with Tibetan loanwords.,bib1205,no -5614-location-1,5614,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Three counties in Sichuan Province (Jiuzhaigou, Songpan [Zung-chu], Pingwu) and one county in Gansu Province (Wenxian, Tielou Township) in the People\u2019s Republic of China. Baima reside in the mountainous areas at the borders of these counties in the immediate proximity of Qiang, Chinese and Tibetan ethnic groups.""}",,,bib1692,yes -5614-location-2,5614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.1531, 103.8696]]}",,,bib5307,no -5614-location-3,5614,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northern Sichuan, Pingwu, Jiuzhaigou and Songpan counties and Wenxian County, Gansu Province""}",,,bib1205,no -5614-speaker_number-1,5614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Baima is passed on from parents to children in Baima villages and is not used in any media of mass communication.,bib1692,yes -5614-speakers-1,5614,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Baima is passed on from parents to children in Baima villages and is not used in any media of mass communication.,bib1692,yes -5614-speaker_number-2,5614,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -5614-speakers-2,5614,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~14,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no -5614-LEI-1,5614,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,used mostly home domains,bib1692,yes -5614-transmission-1,5614,transmission,1,transmission-1,used mostly home domains,bib1692,yes -5614-domains_of_use-1,5614,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,used mostly home domains,bib1692,yes -5614-speaker_number_trends-1,5614,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,used mostly home domains,bib1692,yes -5614-vitality-1,5614,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,used mostly home domains,bib1692,yes -5614-LEI-2,5614,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language in decline,bib1205,no -5614-speaker_number_trends-2,5614,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Language in decline,bib1205,no -5614-vitality-2,5614,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Language in decline,bib1205,no -5618-context-2,5618,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sadri; Hindi; Mundari; Kurukh"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all (no monolinguals)""}",,"its speakers are in daily contact with speakers of Sadri, the traditional lingua franca of the region, and Hindi (both Indo-Aryan), Mundari (North-Munda) and Kurukh (North Dravidian)",bib5892,yes -5618-location-1,5618,location,"{""Places"": [""Chota Nagpur, Orissa, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh""]}",,,bib8246,no +5613-location-4,5613,location,"{""Places"": [""China""]}",,,bib1214,no +5613-speaker_number-1,5613,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7133,no +5613-speakers-1,5613,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130000 (including speakers of Northern Qiang and Southern Qiang)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The given speaker number includes speakers who are ethnic Qiang (80000) and ethnic Tibetan (50000). Around 120000 ethnic Qiang have lost their heritage language(s).,bib7133,no +5613-speaker_number-2,5613,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Qiang Nationality. Includes a variety of distinct dialects.,bib1214,no +5613-speakers-2,5613,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Qiang Nationality. Includes a variety of distinct dialects.,bib1214,no +5613-LEI-1,5613,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3684,yes +5613-transmission-1,5613,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3684,yes +5613-speaker_number_trends-1,5613,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib3684,yes +5613-vitality-1,5613,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3684,yes +5613-LEI-2,5613,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7133,no +5613-vitality-2,5613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7133,no +5613-LEI-3,5613,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +5613-vitality-3,5613,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +5614-context-1,5614,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Mandarin in official domains"", ""Baima in home domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Southwastern Mandarin"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""negative to netural"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""majority""}",,,bib1704,yes +5614-context-2,5614,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amdo Tibetan, Chinese""}",,Classified in the Tibetan nationality. The language is inundated with Tibetan loanwords.,bib1214,no +5614-location-1,5614,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Three counties in Sichuan Province (Jiuzhaigou, Songpan [Zung-chu], Pingwu) and one county in Gansu Province (Wenxian, Tielou Township) in the People\u2019s Republic of China. Baima reside in the mountainous areas at the borders of these counties in the immediate proximity of Qiang, Chinese and Tibetan ethnic groups.""}",,,bib1704,yes +5614-location-2,5614,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[33.1531, 103.8696]]}",,,bib5330,no +5614-location-3,5614,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northern Sichuan, Pingwu, Jiuzhaigou and Songpan counties and Wenxian County, Gansu Province""}",,,bib1214,no +5614-speaker_number-1,5614,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Baima is passed on from parents to children in Baima villages and is not used in any media of mass communication.,bib1704,yes +5614-speakers-1,5614,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Baima is passed on from parents to children in Baima villages and is not used in any media of mass communication.,bib1704,yes +5614-speaker_number-2,5614,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +5614-speakers-2,5614,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~14,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no +5614-LEI-1,5614,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,used mostly home domains,bib1704,yes +5614-transmission-1,5614,transmission,1,transmission-1,used mostly home domains,bib1704,yes +5614-domains_of_use-1,5614,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,used mostly home domains,bib1704,yes +5614-speaker_number_trends-1,5614,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,used mostly home domains,bib1704,yes +5614-vitality-1,5614,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,used mostly home domains,bib1704,yes +5614-LEI-2,5614,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language in decline,bib1214,no +5614-speaker_number_trends-2,5614,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Language in decline,bib1214,no +5614-vitality-2,5614,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Language in decline,bib1214,no +5618-context-2,5618,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sadri; Hindi; Mundari; Kurukh"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all (no monolinguals)""}",,"its speakers are in daily contact with speakers of Sadri, the traditional lingua franca of the region, and Hindi (both Indo-Aryan), Mundari (North-Munda) and Kurukh (North Dravidian)",bib5916,yes +5618-location-1,5618,location,"{""Places"": [""Chota Nagpur, Orissa, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh""]}",,,bib8271,no 5618-location-2,5618,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5, 84.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5618-location-3,5618,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""eastern central India in the southwestern areas of the state of Jharkhand (mainly in the districts Simdeg and Gumla) and adjoining areas of the stats of Chattisgarh (primarily in the districts Surguja, Jashpur and Raigarh) and Orissa (especially in Sundargarh District)""}",,,bib5892,yes -5618-speaker_number-1,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5618-speakers-1,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">190,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no +5618-location-3,5618,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""eastern central India in the southwestern areas of the state of Jharkhand (mainly in the districts Simdeg and Gumla) and adjoining areas of the stats of Chattisgarh (primarily in the districts Surguja, Jashpur and Raigarh) and Orissa (especially in Sundargarh District)""}",,,bib5916,yes +5618-speaker_number-1,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5618-speakers-1,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">190,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no 5618-speaker_number-2,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib138,no 5618-speakers-2,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Approximately 200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib138,no 5618-speaker_number-3,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 5618-speakers-3,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""239,608"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no 5618-speaker_number-4,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,,no 5618-speakers-4,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""239,608"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,,no -5618-speaker_number-5,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5892,yes -5618-speakers-5,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5892,yes -5618-LEI-1,5618,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5618-vitality-1,5618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5618-speaker_number-5,5618,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5916,yes +5618-speakers-5,5618,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5916,yes +5618-LEI-1,5618,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5618-vitality-1,5618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5618-LEI-2,5618,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib138,no 5618-vitality-2,5618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib138,no 5618-LEI-3,5618,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5618-vitality-3,5618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 5618-LEI-4,5618,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,,no 5618-vitality-4,5618,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,,no -5618-LEI-5,5618,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5892,yes -5618-transmission-5,5618,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5892,yes -5618-domains_of_use-5,5618,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5892,yes -5618-speaker_number_trends-5,5618,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5892,yes -5618-vitality-5,5618,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5892,yes -5619-location-1,5619,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southern Orissa state Kor\u0101pu\u1e6d and Ga\u00f1j\u0101m districts, parts of Andhra Pradesh.""}",,,bib8246,no +5618-LEI-5,5618,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5916,yes +5618-transmission-5,5618,transmission,0,transmission-0,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5916,yes +5618-domains_of_use-5,5618,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5916,yes +5618-speaker_number_trends-5,5618,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5916,yes +5618-vitality-5,5618,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language."" (p.6)",bib5916,yes +5619-location-1,5619,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southern Orissa state Kor\u0101pu\u1e6d and Ga\u00f1j\u0101m districts, parts of Andhra Pradesh.""}",,,bib8271,no 5619-location-2,5619,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[20.0, 84.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5619-location-3,5619,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""The main concentration of Sora speakers are located in Ganjam, Gajapati, and Rayagada districts of Orissa, but speakers are found throughout this state and in the adjacent parts of northern Andhra Pradesh.\"" (p. 299)""}",,,bib3336,yes -5619-speaker_number-1,5619,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5619-speakers-1,5619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no -5619-speaker_number-3,5619,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3336,yes -5619-speakers-3,5619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000-300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3336,yes -5619-LEI-1,5619,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5619-vitality-1,5619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5619-LEI-2,5619,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In some areas with significant ethnic Sora populations however (e.g. Sambalpur district of Orissa) a language shift has occured. Thus, Sora language appears to be endangered in some areas, but in others (e.g. Gumma block of Gajapati district), most women and children are monolingual Sora speakers."" (p. 299)",bib3336,yes -5619-vitality-2,5619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""In some areas with significant ethnic Sora populations however (e.g. Sambalpur district of Orissa) a language shift has occured. Thus, Sora language appears to be endangered in some areas, but in others (e.g. Gumma block of Gajapati district), most women and children are monolingual Sora speakers."" (p. 299)",bib3336,yes -562-location-1,562,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.54, 19.35]]}",,,bib1786,no +5619-location-3,5619,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""The main concentration of Sora speakers are located in Ganjam, Gajapati, and Rayagada districts of Orissa, but speakers are found throughout this state and in the adjacent parts of northern Andhra Pradesh.\"" (p. 299)""}",,,bib3353,yes +5619-speaker_number-1,5619,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5619-speakers-1,5619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no +5619-speaker_number-3,5619,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib3353,yes +5619-speakers-3,5619,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000-300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib3353,yes +5619-LEI-1,5619,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5619-vitality-1,5619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5619-LEI-2,5619,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In some areas with significant ethnic Sora populations however (e.g. Sambalpur district of Orissa) a language shift has occured. Thus, Sora language appears to be endangered in some areas, but in others (e.g. Gumma block of Gajapati district), most women and children are monolingual Sora speakers."" (p. 299)",bib3353,yes +5619-vitality-2,5619,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"""In some areas with significant ethnic Sora populations however (e.g. Sambalpur district of Orissa) a language shift has occured. Thus, Sora language appears to be endangered in some areas, but in others (e.g. Gumma block of Gajapati district), most women and children are monolingual Sora speakers."" (p. 299)",bib3353,yes +562-location-1,562,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.54, 19.35]]}",,,bib1798,no 562-location-2,562,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Nana-Gr\u00e9bizi and K\u00e9mo- prefectures: Border region, scattered."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.0, 19.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 562-speaker_number-1,562,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,yes 562-speakers-1,562,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,yes 562-LEI-1,562,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 562-vitality-1,562,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 5620-context-2,5620,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Desiya; Oriya; Telugu"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed language attitudes""}",,,bib67,yes -5620-location-1,5620,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kalahandi, Koraput, Visakhapatnam, Bastar""}",,,bib8246,no +5620-location-1,5620,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Kalahandi, Koraput, Visakhapatnam, Bastar""}",,,bib8271,no 5620-location-2,5620,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.0, 83.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5620-location-3,5620,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Orissa, Koraput District, Lamtput, 40 villages; Malkangiri District, Khoirput block""}",,,bib67,yes -5620-speaker_number-1,5620,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5620-speakers-1,5620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5620-speaker_number-2,5620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Has under 10,000 speakers. Locally endangered and/or threatened.",bib466,no -5620-speakers-2,5620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Has under 10,000 speakers. Locally endangered and/or threatened.",bib466,no +5620-speaker_number-1,5620,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5620-speakers-1,5620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5620-speaker_number-2,5620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Has under 10,000 speakers. Locally endangered and/or threatened.",bib468,no +5620-speakers-2,5620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Has under 10,000 speakers. Locally endangered and/or threatened.",bib468,no 5620-speaker_number-3,5620,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,yes 5620-speakers-3,5620,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes -5620-LEI-1,5620,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5620-vitality-1,5620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5620-LEI-2,5620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -5620-vitality-2,5620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no +5620-LEI-1,5620,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5620-vitality-1,5620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5620-LEI-2,5620,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +5620-vitality-2,5620,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no 5620-LEI-3,5620,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Many speakers are shifting to Desiya in home and religious domains. Desiya preferred by young people.,bib67,yes 5620-transmission-3,5620,transmission,2,transmission-2,Many speakers are shifting to Desiya in home and religious domains. Desiya preferred by young people.,bib67,yes 5620-domains_of_use-3,5620,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Many speakers are shifting to Desiya in home and religious domains. Desiya preferred by young people.,bib67,yes 5620-vitality-3,5620,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Many speakers are shifting to Desiya in home and religious domains. Desiya preferred by young people.,bib67,yes -5621-context-1,5621,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Marathi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""The Korku, certainly the men, are almost all bi- or multilingual, speaking the regional 'varieties of Hindi' in Madhya Pradesh, and Marathi (and dialectal Hindi) in Maharashra. Korku has borrowed heavily from neighboring Indo-Aryan languages, particularly in lexicon... N. Zide observed considerable change in syntax, for example, the new Indo-Aryan-like relative clause structures preferred by some younger speakers."" (p. 256)",bib8066,no -5621-location-1,5621,location,"{""Places"": [""Madhya Pradesh, Mahrashtra""]}",,,bib8246,yes -5621-location-2,5621,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northeastern Maharashtra (most of the speakers residing in Amraoti (Amravati District), and in south central Madhya Pradesh (East Nimar, Betul, and Hoshangabad Districts)""}",,,bib8066,no +5621-context-1,5621,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Marathi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all""}",,"""The Korku, certainly the men, are almost all bi- or multilingual, speaking the regional 'varieties of Hindi' in Madhya Pradesh, and Marathi (and dialectal Hindi) in Maharashra. Korku has borrowed heavily from neighboring Indo-Aryan languages, particularly in lexicon... N. Zide observed considerable change in syntax, for example, the new Indo-Aryan-like relative clause structures preferred by some younger speakers."" (p. 256)",bib8091,no +5621-location-1,5621,location,"{""Places"": [""Madhya Pradesh, Mahrashtra""]}",,,bib8271,yes +5621-location-2,5621,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northeastern Maharashtra (most of the speakers residing in Amraoti (Amravati District), and in south central Madhya Pradesh (East Nimar, Betul, and Hoshangabad Districts)""}",,,bib8091,no 5621-location-3,5621,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.5, 78.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5621-speaker_number-1,5621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -5621-speakers-1,5621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes +5621-speaker_number-1,5621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +5621-speakers-1,5621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes 5621-speaker_number-2,5621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib138,no 5621-speakers-2,5621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000 - 400,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib138,no 5621-speaker_number-3,5621,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 5621-speakers-3,5621,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""574,481"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no -5621-LEI-1,5621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Korku speakers are rapidly assimilating with speakers of larger (Indo-Aryan) languages.,bib8246,yes -5621-vitality-1,5621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Korku speakers are rapidly assimilating with speakers of larger (Indo-Aryan) languages.,bib8246,yes +5621-LEI-1,5621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Korku speakers are rapidly assimilating with speakers of larger (Indo-Aryan) languages.,bib8271,yes +5621-vitality-1,5621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Korku speakers are rapidly assimilating with speakers of larger (Indo-Aryan) languages.,bib8271,yes 5621-LEI-2,5621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib138,no 5621-vitality-2,5621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib138,no 5621-LEI-3,5621,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5621-vitality-3,5621,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5623-location-1,5623,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Chota Nagpur""}",,,bib8246,yes -5623-location-2,5623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1263, 87.0776]]}",,,bib5307,no -5623-speaker_number-1,5623,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5623-speakers-1,5623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5623-LEI-1,5623,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5623-vitality-1,5623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5624-location-1,5624,location,"{""Places"": [""Jaspurnagar tahsil of Raygadh, Sarguja, Palamu, Hazaribag""]}",,,bib8246,yes -5624-location-2,5624,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.4922, 84.1552]]}",,,bib5307,no -5624-speaker_number-1,5624,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5624-speakers-1,5624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5623-location-1,5623,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Chota Nagpur""}",,,bib8271,yes +5623-location-2,5623,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.1263, 87.0776]]}",,,bib5330,no +5623-speaker_number-1,5623,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5623-speakers-1,5623,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5623-LEI-1,5623,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5623-vitality-1,5623,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5624-location-1,5624,location,"{""Places"": [""Jaspurnagar tahsil of Raygadh, Sarguja, Palamu, Hazaribag""]}",,,bib8271,yes +5624-location-2,5624,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.4922, 84.1552]]}",,,bib5330,no +5624-speaker_number-1,5624,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5624-speakers-1,5624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5624-speaker_number-2,5624,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5624-speakers-2,5624,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,586"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -5624-LEI-1,5624,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5624-vitality-1,5624,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5624-LEI-1,5624,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5624-vitality-1,5624,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5624-LEI-2,5624,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5624-vitality-2,5624,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5625-location-1,5625,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Tamil Nadu""], ""Description"": ""Nilgiri Hills""}",,,bib8246,yes -5625-location-2,5625,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4369, 76.5032]]}",,,bib5307,no -5625-speaker_number-1,5625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5625-speakers-1,5625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5625-speaker_number-2,5625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4358,no -5625-speakers-2,5625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4358,no -5625-LEI-1,5625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5625-vitality-1,5625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5625-LEI-2,5625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4358,no -5625-vitality-2,5625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4358,no -5626-location-1,5626,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Tawang district""}",,,bib8246,yes -5626-location-2,5626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0617, 77.5909]]}",,,bib5307,no -5626-speaker_number-1,5626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,a few thousand speakers,bib8246,yes -5626-speakers-1,5626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,a few thousand speakers,bib8246,yes -5626-LEI-1,5626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5626-vitality-1,5626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5627-context-1,5627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali and Assamese""}",,The Dimasa have largely been linguistically assimilated to their Bengali and Assamese neighbours.,bib8246,no -5627-location-1,5627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, North Cachar district""}",,The Dimasa live in the northern Cachar hills and portions of the adjacent plains.,bib8246,no -5627-location-2,5627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills districts"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.7368, 92.9003]]}",,,bib5307,yes +5625-location-1,5625,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Tamil Nadu""], ""Description"": ""Nilgiri Hills""}",,,bib8271,yes +5625-location-2,5625,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4369, 76.5032]]}",,,bib5330,no +5625-speaker_number-1,5625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5625-speakers-1,5625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5625-speaker_number-2,5625,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4379,no +5625-speakers-2,5625,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4379,no +5625-LEI-1,5625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5625-vitality-1,5625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5625-LEI-2,5625,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4379,no +5625-vitality-2,5625,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4379,no +5626-location-1,5626,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Tawang district""}",,,bib8271,yes +5626-location-2,5626,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0617, 77.5909]]}",,,bib5330,no +5626-speaker_number-1,5626,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,a few thousand speakers,bib8271,yes +5626-speakers-1,5626,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,a few thousand speakers,bib8271,yes +5626-LEI-1,5626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5626-vitality-1,5626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5627-context-1,5627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali and Assamese""}",,The Dimasa have largely been linguistically assimilated to their Bengali and Assamese neighbours.,bib8271,no +5627-location-1,5627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, North Cachar district""}",,The Dimasa live in the northern Cachar hills and portions of the adjacent plains.,bib8271,no +5627-location-2,5627,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills districts"", ""Coordinates"": [[24.7368, 92.9003]]}",,,bib5330,yes 5627-location-3,5627,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5, 93.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5627-speaker_number-2,5627,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Based on 2001 India Census,bib5307,yes -5627-speakers-2,5627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""112,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Based on 2001 India Census,bib5307,yes -5627-LEI-1,5627,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -5627-vitality-1,5627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -5628-context-1,5628,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Several groups think they speak a dialect of Kurdish""}",,"The government has discouraged, or prevented by force, regular and free publication in Zazaki.",bib4760,no -5628-location-1,5628,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Upper Euphrates river""}",,,bib8246,yes +5627-speaker_number-2,5627,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Based on 2001 India Census,bib5330,yes +5627-speakers-2,5627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""112,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Based on 2001 India Census,bib5330,yes +5627-LEI-1,5627,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +5627-vitality-1,5627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +5628-context-1,5628,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Several groups think they speak a dialect of Kurdish""}",,"The government has discouraged, or prevented by force, regular and free publication in Zazaki.",bib4782,no +5628-location-1,5628,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Upper Euphrates river""}",,,bib8271,yes 5628-location-2,5628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.623103, 39.637108]]}",,,bib75,no -5628-location-3,5628,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Zazaki is spoken in eastern Turkey at the north-western borders of Kurdish-speaking areas, in a triangle defined by the cities of Siverek, Erzincan, and Varto, as well as in an exclave of several villages near Mutki west of Bitlis, which may suggest a formerly wider distribution of Zazaki.""}",,,bib4760,no +5628-location-3,5628,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Zazaki is spoken in eastern Turkey at the north-western borders of Kurdish-speaking areas, in a triangle defined by the cities of Siverek, Erzincan, and Varto, as well as in an exclave of several villages near Mutki west of Bitlis, which may suggest a formerly wider distribution of Zazaki.""}",,,bib4782,no 5628-location-4,5628,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[39.0, 41.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5628-speaker_number-1,5628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -5628-speakers-1,5628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes -5628-speaker_number-2,5628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"It is difficult to estimate speaker numbers. Language use is most prominent in the cities of ""Bingöl, Hani and Palu"" (72)",bib7769,no -5628-speakers-2,5628,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000,000-3,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000-3,000,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"It is difficult to estimate speaker numbers. Language use is most prominent in the cities of ""Bingöl, Hani and Palu"" (72)",bib7769,no -5628-LEI-1,5628,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5628-domains_of_use-1,5628,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8246,yes -5628-vitality-1,5628,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8246,yes +5628-speaker_number-1,5628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +5628-speakers-1,5628,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes +5628-speaker_number-2,5628,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"It is difficult to estimate speaker numbers. Language use is most prominent in the cities of ""Bingöl, Hani and Palu"" (72)",bib7794,no +5628-speakers-2,5628,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000,000-3,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000-3,000,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2015"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"It is difficult to estimate speaker numbers. Language use is most prominent in the cities of ""Bingöl, Hani and Palu"" (72)",bib7794,no +5628-LEI-1,5628,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5628-domains_of_use-1,5628,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib8271,yes +5628-vitality-1,5628,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib8271,yes 5628-LEI-2,5628,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Northern Zaza communities have lost a stable pattern of oral use. In that community, members of the child-bearing generation have almost entirely stopped transmitting the language to their children."" -Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7769,no +Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7794,no 5628-transmission-2,5628,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Northern Zaza communities have lost a stable pattern of oral use. In that community, members of the child-bearing generation have almost entirely stopped transmitting the language to their children."" -Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7769,no +Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7794,no 5628-domains_of_use-2,5628,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""Northern Zaza communities have lost a stable pattern of oral use. In that community, members of the child-bearing generation have almost entirely stopped transmitting the language to their children."" -Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7769,no +Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7794,no 5628-speaker_number_trends-2,5628,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""Northern Zaza communities have lost a stable pattern of oral use. In that community, members of the child-bearing generation have almost entirely stopped transmitting the language to their children."" -Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7769,no +Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7794,no 5628-vitality-2,5628,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Northern Zaza communities have lost a stable pattern of oral use. In that community, members of the child-bearing generation have almost entirely stopped transmitting the language to their children."" -Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7769,no -563-context-1,563,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango""}",,,bib1786,yes -563-location-1,563,location,"{""Description"": ""North of Ndele (CAR) in and around Aliou, where the large majority of inhabitants speak Togbo.""}",,,bib7615,no -563-location-2,563,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, 20.6378]]}",,,bib5307,no -563-speaker_number-1,563,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -563-speakers-1,563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -563-speaker_number-2,563,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -563-speakers-2,563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -563-LEI-1,563,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -563-vitality-1,563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -563-LEI-2,563,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -563-vitality-2,563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +Language use is stronger in Southern Zaza",bib7794,no +563-context-1,563,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango""}",,,bib1798,yes +563-location-1,563,location,"{""Description"": ""North of Ndele (CAR) in and around Aliou, where the large majority of inhabitants speak Togbo.""}",,,bib7640,no +563-location-2,563,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.4941, 20.6378]]}",,,bib5330,no +563-speaker_number-1,563,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +563-speakers-1,563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +563-speaker_number-2,563,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +563-speakers-2,563,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +563-LEI-1,563,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +563-vitality-1,563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +563-LEI-2,563,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +563-vitality-2,563,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5630-context-1,5630,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitude"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Radio programs""}",,Speakers in Burma being assimilated into Burmese speaking majority,bib68,yes -5630-location-1,5630,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Tripura, Mizoram in India; Falam in Myanmar""}",,,bib8246,no +5630-location-1,5630,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Tripura, Mizoram in India; Falam in Myanmar""}",,,bib8271,no 5630-location-2,5630,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Myanmar: Chin State, Falam township; India: Assam, Karimganj district, south, a few villages in Cachar and North Hills districts; Tripura; Mizoram; West Bengal.""}",,,bib68,yes -5630-location-3,5630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.79, 92.33]]}",,,bib3264,no -5630-speaker_number-1,5630,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5630-speakers-1,5630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5630-location-3,5630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.79, 92.33]]}",,,bib3280,no +5630-speaker_number-1,5630,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5630-speakers-1,5630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5630-speaker_number-2,5630,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"69,000 in Myanmar; 9,000 in Tashon; 16,000 in Zanniat; 7,000 in Khualshim; 4,000 in Lente; 14,400 in Zahao; 18,600 in Laizao. Population total all countries: 107,300.",bib68,yes 5630-speakers-2,5630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""107,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"69,000 in Myanmar; 9,000 in Tashon; 16,000 in Zanniat; 7,000 in Khualshim; 4,000 in Lente; 14,400 in Zahao; 18,600 in Laizao. Population total all countries: 107,300.",bib68,yes -5630-LEI-1,5630,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5630-vitality-1,5630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5630-LEI-1,5630,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5630-vitality-1,5630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5630-LEI-2,5630,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 5630-transmission-2,5630,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,yes 5630-domains_of_use-2,5630,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib68,yes 5630-vitality-2,5630,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,yes -5631-context-1,5631,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Assamese; English""}",,,bib6002,yes -5631-location-1,5631,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunchal Pradesh, West Siang""]}",,,bib8246,no -5631-location-2,5631,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.1688, 94.7433]]}",,,bib5307,no -5631-speaker_number-1,5631,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5631-speakers-1,5631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5631-context-1,5631,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; Assamese; English""}",,,bib6026,yes +5631-location-1,5631,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunchal Pradesh, West Siang""]}",,,bib8271,no +5631-location-2,5631,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.1688, 94.7433]]}",,,bib5330,no +5631-speaker_number-1,5631,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5631-speakers-1,5631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5631-speaker_number-2,5631,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""No reliable survey on the number of Galo speakers (as opposed to Galo tribespeople, who do not always speak Galo) has to date been conducted. The 1981 Census of India put the number of “Adi Gallong” tribespeople at 8,999 (Hussain 1995). @@ -55881,7 +56085,7 @@ However, the 1991 census puts the figure at a bursting 45,616! This increase is solely due to population growth, but rather reflects the extreme difficulties of demarcating tribal and linguistic categories in North-East India, and the absence of any effective or commonly agreed-upon means for doing so.. The number of Galo speakers -may be estimated at around 30,000-40,000 (or more, depending on where lines are drawn)"" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +may be estimated at around 30,000-40,000 (or more, depending on where lines are drawn)"" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5631-speakers-2,5631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""No reliable survey on the number of Galo speakers (as opposed to Galo tribespeople, who do not always speak Galo) has to date been conducted. The 1981 Census of India put the number of “Adi Gallong” tribespeople at 8,999 (Hussain 1995). @@ -55889,225 +56093,225 @@ However, the 1991 census puts the figure at a bursting 45,616! This increase is solely due to population growth, but rather reflects the extreme difficulties of demarcating tribal and linguistic categories in North-East India, and the absence of any effective or commonly agreed-upon means for doing so.. The number of Galo speakers -may be estimated at around 30,000-40,000 (or more, depending on where lines are drawn)"" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes -5631-LEI-1,5631,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5631-vitality-1,5631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +may be estimated at around 30,000-40,000 (or more, depending on where lines are drawn)"" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes +5631-LEI-1,5631,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5631-vitality-1,5631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5631-LEI-2,5631,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""...the Galo remain overwhelmingly dominant in their area, their language is spoken daily and learned as a first language by a majority of children (though certainly not by all).... However, changes in this comfortable status quo are already apparent. With improvements in communication, economic opportunities, and the reach of regional, national and even international media into Arunachal Pradesh, Galo are increasingly relying on more widely spoken Indo-European languages – usually Hindi and Assamese, -but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5631-transmission-2,5631,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""...the Galo remain overwhelmingly dominant in their area, their language is spoken daily and learned as a first language by a majority of children (though certainly not by all).... However, changes in this comfortable status quo are already apparent. With improvements in communication, economic opportunities, and the reach of regional, national and even international media into Arunachal Pradesh, Galo are increasingly relying on more widely spoken Indo-European languages – usually Hindi and Assamese, -but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5631-domains_of_use-2,5631,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""...the Galo remain overwhelmingly dominant in their area, their language is spoken daily and learned as a first language by a majority of children (though certainly not by all).... However, changes in this comfortable status quo are already apparent. With improvements in communication, economic opportunities, and the reach of regional, national and even international media into Arunachal Pradesh, Galo are increasingly relying on more widely spoken Indo-European languages – usually Hindi and Assamese, -but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5631-speaker_number_trends-2,5631,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"""...the Galo remain overwhelmingly dominant in their area, their language is spoken daily and learned as a first language by a majority of children (though certainly not by all).... However, changes in this comfortable status quo are already apparent. With improvements in communication, economic opportunities, and the reach of regional, national and even international media into Arunachal Pradesh, Galo are increasingly relying on more widely spoken Indo-European languages – usually Hindi and Assamese, -but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5631-vitality-2,5631,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""...the Galo remain overwhelmingly dominant in their area, their language is spoken daily and learned as a first language by a majority of children (though certainly not by all).... However, changes in this comfortable status quo are already apparent. With improvements in communication, economic opportunities, and the reach of regional, national and even international media into Arunachal Pradesh, Galo are increasingly relying on more widely spoken Indo-European languages – usually Hindi and Assamese, -but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6002,yes +but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)",bib6026,yes 5632-context-1,5632,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,,bib68,yes -5632-location-1,5632,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh""]}",,,bib8246,no -5632-location-2,5632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0976, 79.1235]]}",,,bib5307,no -5632-speaker_number-1,5632,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5632-speakers-1,5632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no +5632-location-1,5632,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh""]}",,,bib8271,no +5632-location-2,5632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.0976, 79.1235]]}",,,bib5330,no +5632-speaker_number-1,5632,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5632-speakers-1,5632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no 5632-speaker_number-2,5632,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib68,yes 5632-speakers-2,5632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,920,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib68,yes -5632-LEI-1,5632,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Little institutional support or prestige.,bib8246,no -5632-vitality-1,5632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Little institutional support or prestige.,bib8246,no +5632-LEI-1,5632,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Little institutional support or prestige.,bib8271,no +5632-vitality-1,5632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Little institutional support or prestige.,bib8271,no 5632-LEI-2,5632,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 5632-transmission-2,5632,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,yes 5632-domains_of_use-2,5632,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,yes 5632-vitality-2,5632,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,yes -5633-context-1,5633,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali; English""}",,,bib1352,yes -5633-location-1,5633,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Meghalaya, Garo Hills"", ""Assam, Goalpara and Kamrup"", ""Bangladesh: Mymensing""]}",,,bib8246,no -5633-location-2,5633,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib1352,yes +5633-context-1,5633,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bengali; English""}",,,bib1364,yes +5633-location-1,5633,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Meghalaya, Garo Hills"", ""Assam, Goalpara and Kamrup"", ""Bangladesh: Mymensing""]}",,,bib8271,no +5633-location-2,5633,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib1364,yes 5633-location-3,5633,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.6666666667, 90.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5633-speaker_number-1,5633,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5633-speakers-1,5633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no -5633-speaker_number-2,5633,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"600,000 of these speakers live in northeastern India, and 100,000 live across the border in Bangladesh.",bib1352,yes -5633-speakers-2,5633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"600,000 of these speakers live in northeastern India, and 100,000 live across the border in Bangladesh.",bib1352,yes -5633-LEI-1,5633,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5633-vitality-1,5633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5633-LEI-2,5633,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1352,yes -5633-transmission-2,5633,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1352,yes -5633-domains_of_use-2,5633,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1352,yes -5633-vitality-2,5633,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1352,yes -5634-context-1,5634,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali and Enlgish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Ghale and Nepali""}",,"Both Ghale and Nepali are used daily. The Ghale speak Ghale as their mother tongue and start to learn Nepali at home even before schooling. Educated peopel can also speak English because it is taught in school. Nepali is used in the official domains and singing, and with people who don't speaker Ghale.",bib5798,yes -5634-location-1,5634,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Gorkha and Dhadin""]}",,,bib8246,no -5634-location-2,5634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2501, 84.718]]}",,,bib5307,no -5634-location-3,5634,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""in a small area in the central part of Gorkha district, Gandaki zone, Nepal""}",,,bib5798,yes -5634-speaker_number-1,5634,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5634-speakers-1,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5634-speaker_number-2,5634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number includes both Southern Ghale speakers and Northern Ghale speakers.,bib5797,no -5634-speakers-2,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1649"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number includes both Southern Ghale speakers and Northern Ghale speakers.,bib5797,no -5634-speaker_number-3,5634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""According to the Census of 2001 the total mother tongue speakers of the language is 1649. Although the Census does not include any population in Barpak village, the Barpaki Society has estimated the ethnic population to be more than 9,000 in Barpak. In my field study, the people reported that the number of total population of Ghale in Barpak village is around 5700. "" (p. 114)",bib5798,yes -5634-speakers-3,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1649 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""According to the Census of 2001 the total mother tongue speakers of the language is 1649. Although the Census does not include any population in Barpak village, the Barpaki Society has estimated the ethnic population to be more than 9,000 in Barpak. In my field study, the people reported that the number of total population of Ghale in Barpak village is around 5700. "" (p. 114)",bib5798,yes -5634-LEI-1,5634,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5634-vitality-1,5634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5634-LEI-2,5634,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5797,no -5634-domains_of_use-2,5634,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5797,no -5634-vitality-2,5634,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5797,no -5634-LEI-3,5634,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5798,yes -5634-transmission-3,5634,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5798,yes -5634-domains_of_use-3,5634,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5798,yes -5634-speaker_number_trends-3,5634,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5798,yes -5634-vitality-3,5634,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5798,yes -5636-location-1,5636,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Monggar""}",,,bib8246,yes -5636-location-2,5636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.086, 91.2002]]}",,,bib5307,no -5636-speaker_number-1,5636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5636-speakers-1,5636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5636-LEI-1,5636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5636-vitality-1,5636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5633-speaker_number-1,5633,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5633-speakers-1,5633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""265,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no +5633-speaker_number-2,5633,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"600,000 of these speakers live in northeastern India, and 100,000 live across the border in Bangladesh.",bib1364,yes +5633-speakers-2,5633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"600,000 of these speakers live in northeastern India, and 100,000 live across the border in Bangladesh.",bib1364,yes +5633-LEI-1,5633,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5633-vitality-1,5633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5633-LEI-2,5633,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1364,yes +5633-transmission-2,5633,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1364,yes +5633-domains_of_use-2,5633,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1364,yes +5633-vitality-2,5633,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The Garos of Bangladesh use Bengali for everyday dealings with peddlers, shopkeepers, and government and church officials. Bengali is also the language of education for the Garos of Bangladesh. The impact of Bengali on the Garos of India is less strong, as it is not the language of education or the government, nor is it used in trade. Overall, Garo is more endangered in Bangladesh than in India. However, even in Bangladesh most children of Garo parents learn Garo as their first language.",bib1364,yes +5634-context-1,5634,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali and Enlgish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all bilingual in Ghale and Nepali""}",,"Both Ghale and Nepali are used daily. The Ghale speak Ghale as their mother tongue and start to learn Nepali at home even before schooling. Educated peopel can also speak English because it is taught in school. Nepali is used in the official domains and singing, and with people who don't speaker Ghale.",bib5822,yes +5634-location-1,5634,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Gorkha and Dhadin""]}",,,bib8271,no +5634-location-2,5634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2501, 84.718]]}",,,bib5330,no +5634-location-3,5634,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""in a small area in the central part of Gorkha district, Gandaki zone, Nepal""}",,,bib5822,yes +5634-speaker_number-1,5634,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5634-speakers-1,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5634-speaker_number-2,5634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The number includes both Southern Ghale speakers and Northern Ghale speakers.,bib5821,no +5634-speakers-2,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1649"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The number includes both Southern Ghale speakers and Northern Ghale speakers.,bib5821,no +5634-speaker_number-3,5634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""According to the Census of 2001 the total mother tongue speakers of the language is 1649. Although the Census does not include any population in Barpak village, the Barpaki Society has estimated the ethnic population to be more than 9,000 in Barpak. In my field study, the people reported that the number of total population of Ghale in Barpak village is around 5700. "" (p. 114)",bib5822,yes +5634-speakers-3,5634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1649 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""According to the Census of 2001 the total mother tongue speakers of the language is 1649. Although the Census does not include any population in Barpak village, the Barpaki Society has estimated the ethnic population to be more than 9,000 in Barpak. In my field study, the people reported that the number of total population of Ghale in Barpak village is around 5700. "" (p. 114)",bib5822,yes +5634-LEI-1,5634,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5634-vitality-1,5634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5634-LEI-2,5634,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5821,no +5634-domains_of_use-2,5634,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib5821,no +5634-vitality-2,5634,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5821,no +5634-LEI-3,5634,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5822,yes +5634-transmission-3,5634,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5822,yes +5634-domains_of_use-3,5634,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5822,yes +5634-speaker_number_trends-3,5634,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5822,yes +5634-vitality-3,5634,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All Ghale speakers are bilingual in Nepali, and code-switch between Ghale and Nepali on a daily basis.",bib5822,yes +5636-location-1,5636,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Monggar""}",,,bib8271,yes +5636-location-2,5636,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.086, 91.2002]]}",,,bib5330,no +5636-speaker_number-1,5636,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5636-speakers-1,5636,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5636-LEI-1,5636,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5636-vitality-1,5636,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5637-context-1,5637,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used as a language of wider communication in parts of Chin state""}",,,bib68,no -5637-location-1,5637,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""India: Mizoram, Assam and Meghalaya""}",,,bib8246,no +5637-location-1,5637,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar""], ""Description"": ""India: Mizoram, Assam and Meghalaya""}",,,bib8271,no 5637-location-2,5637,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.6667, 93.6667]]}",,,bib216,no 5637-speaker_number-1,5637,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"100,000 speakers live in Myanmar",bib68,no 5637-speakers-1,5637,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""40,000 L2 speakers in Myanmar (SIL 2013)""}",,"100,000 speakers live in Myanmar",bib68,no -5637-LEI-1,5637,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8246,no -5637-transmission-1,5637,transmission,3,transmission-3,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8246,no -5637-vitality-1,5637,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8246,no +5637-LEI-1,5637,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8271,no +5637-transmission-1,5637,transmission,3,transmission-3,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8271,no +5637-vitality-1,5637,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Being assimilated into majority groups,bib8271,no 5637-LEI-2,5637,LEI,"Safe (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 5637-transmission-2,5637,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,no 5637-domains_of_use-2,5637,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib68,no 5637-speaker_number_trends-2,5637,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib68,no 5637-vitality-2,5637,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib68,no -5637-LEI-3,5637,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib466,yes -5637-transmission-3,5637,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib466,yes -5637-domains_of_use-3,5637,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib466,yes -5637-speaker_number_trends-3,5637,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib466,yes -5637-vitality-3,5637,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib466,yes -5638-context-1,5638,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,General bilingualism in Assamese,bib8246,no -5638-context-2,5638,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri, Assamese, Bengali, Mizo""}",,"""Hmar is taught up to graduate level in Manipur and Assam. Recently, the Academic Council of Assam University passed a resolution to introduce Hmar in colleges of Assam under its affiliation. Hmar speakers of Manipur use Manipuri while Assamese and Bengali are used in Assam. Ethnic Hmars living in Mizoram speak Mizo as their first language. The All India Radio station at Imphal also broadcasts Hmar programs for 25 minutes daily."" (pg. 94)",bib3300,yes -5638-location-1,5638,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam state, Cachar hills""]}",,,bib8246,no -5638-location-2,5638,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur and Assam""}",,"""Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area comprising Northern Mizoram, Churachandpur district of Manipur and parts of N. C. Hills and Cachar districts in Assam."" (pg. 94)",bib3300,yes +5637-LEI-3,5637,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib468,yes +5637-transmission-3,5637,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib468,yes +5637-domains_of_use-3,5637,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib468,yes +5637-speaker_number_trends-3,5637,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib468,yes +5637-vitality-3,5637,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Language is threatened in India, and is not used in mass media or the government in Mizoram.",bib468,yes +5638-context-1,5638,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,General bilingualism in Assamese,bib8271,no +5638-context-2,5638,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri, Assamese, Bengali, Mizo""}",,"""Hmar is taught up to graduate level in Manipur and Assam. Recently, the Academic Council of Assam University passed a resolution to introduce Hmar in colleges of Assam under its affiliation. Hmar speakers of Manipur use Manipuri while Assamese and Bengali are used in Assam. Ethnic Hmars living in Mizoram speak Mizo as their first language. The All India Radio station at Imphal also broadcasts Hmar programs for 25 minutes daily."" (pg. 94)",bib3316,yes +5638-location-1,5638,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam state, Cachar hills""]}",,,bib8271,no +5638-location-2,5638,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur and Assam""}",,"""Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area comprising Northern Mizoram, Churachandpur district of Manipur and parts of N. C. Hills and Cachar districts in Assam."" (pg. 94)",bib3316,yes 5638-location-3,5638,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1666666667, 93.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5638-speakers-1,5638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83,404""}",,,bib3300,yes +5638-speakers-1,5638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83,404""}",,,bib3316,yes 5638-speakers-2,5638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""83,404"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001""}",,,bib50,no -5638-speaker_number-3,5638,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib466,no -5638-speakers-3,5638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib466,no -5638-LEI-1,5638,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -5638-transmission-1,5638,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3300,yes -5638-domains_of_use-1,5638,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib3300,yes -5638-vitality-1,5638,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3300,yes -5638-LEI-2,5638,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is vulnerable in India.,bib466,no -5638-vitality-2,5638,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is vulnerable in India.,bib466,no +5638-speaker_number-3,5638,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib468,no +5638-speakers-3,5638,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib468,no +5638-LEI-1,5638,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +5638-transmission-1,5638,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib3316,yes +5638-domains_of_use-1,5638,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib3316,yes +5638-vitality-1,5638,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3316,yes +5638-LEI-2,5638,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is vulnerable in India.,bib468,no +5638-vitality-2,5638,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is vulnerable in India.,bib468,no 5639-context-1,5639,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese; Digarui; English; Hindi; Nepali; Darang Deng; Tibetan; Chinese""}",,,bib67,no -5639-location-1,5639,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India: Arunachal Pradesh, Lohit; China: Tibet""}",,,bib8246,yes +5639-location-1,5639,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India: Arunachal Pradesh, Lohit; China: Tibet""}",,,bib8271,yes 5639-location-2,5639,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.0, 96.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5639-location-3,5639,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India: Arunachal Pradesh, Lohit District, 25 villages, high altitudes of east, upper Lohit and Dau valleys, area east of Haguliang, Billong, and Tilai valleys; Assam; China: southeast corner of Tibet Autonomous Region""}",,,bib67,no -5639-speaker_number-1,5639,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5639-speakers-1,5639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5639-speaker_number-2,5639,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib466,no -5639-speakers-2,5639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib466,no +5639-speaker_number-1,5639,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5639-speakers-1,5639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5639-speaker_number-2,5639,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib468,no +5639-speakers-2,5639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib468,no 5639-speaker_number-3,5639,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5639-speakers-3,5639,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5639-LEI-1,5639,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5639-vitality-1,5639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5639-LEI-2,5639,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -5639-vitality-2,5639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no +5639-LEI-1,5639,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5639-vitality-1,5639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5639-LEI-2,5639,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +5639-vitality-2,5639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no 5639-LEI-3,5639,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5639-vitality-3,5639,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -564-location-1,564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.9492, 15.2352]]}",,,bib5307,no -564-speaker_number-1,564,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -564-speakers-1,564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -564-speaker_number-2,564,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -564-speakers-2,564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -564-LEI-1,564,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Apparently not used by younger people,bib1786,yes -564-vitality-1,564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Apparently not used by younger people,bib1786,yes -564-LEI-2,564,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -564-vitality-2,564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5640-context-1,5640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Assamese,bib8246,yes -5640-context-2,5640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, English, Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The attitudes of the Karbi community towards their language are generally positive""}",,,bib4285,no +564-location-1,564,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.9492, 15.2352]]}",,,bib5330,no +564-speaker_number-1,564,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +564-speakers-1,564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +564-speaker_number-2,564,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +564-speakers-2,564,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +564-LEI-1,564,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Apparently not used by younger people,bib1798,yes +564-vitality-1,564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Apparently not used by younger people,bib1798,yes +564-LEI-2,564,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +564-vitality-2,564,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5640-context-1,5640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,Widespread bilingualism in Assamese,bib8271,yes +5640-context-2,5640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, English, Hindi"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The attitudes of the Karbi community towards their language are generally positive""}",,,bib4306,no 5640-context-3,5640,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese""}",,,bib67,no -5640-location-1,5640,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Karbi Anglong, Kamrup, Nowgong, Sibsagar""}",,,bib8246,yes -5640-location-2,5640,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, northeast India""}",,Karbi is spoken in Assam and adjacent areas in neighboring states in Northeast India. There are also reported to be Karbi villages in Bangladesh and Burma.,bib4285,no +5640-location-1,5640,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Karbi Anglong, Kamrup, Nowgong, Sibsagar""}",,,bib8271,yes +5640-location-2,5640,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, northeast India""}",,Karbi is spoken in Assam and adjacent areas in neighboring states in Northeast India. There are also reported to be Karbi villages in Bangladesh and Burma.,bib4306,no 5640-location-3,5640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.3333333333, 93.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5640-location-4,5640,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Karbi Anglong district, Mikir and Rengma hills, Nagaon, Darrang, Marigaon, Sonitpur, Lakhimpur, and North Cachar districts; Arunachal Pradesh, Papumpare district, Balijan circle; Meghalaya, Jaintia district; Nagaland, foothills around Dimapur.""}",,,bib67,no -5640-speaker_number-1,5640,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -5640-speakers-1,5640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes -5640-speaker_number-2,5640,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The Census of India,bib4285,no -5640-speakers-2,5640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""419,534"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The Census of India,bib4285,no +5640-speaker_number-1,5640,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +5640-speakers-1,5640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes +5640-speaker_number-2,5640,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,The Census of India,bib4306,no +5640-speakers-2,5640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""419,534"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,The Census of India,bib4306,no 5640-speaker_number-4,5640,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 5640-speakers-4,5640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""492,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -5640-LEI-1,5640,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generation shifting to Assamese,bib8246,yes -5640-vitality-1,5640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Younger generation shifting to Assamese,bib8246,yes -5640-LEI-2,5640,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4285,no -5640-transmission-2,5640,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4285,no -5640-domains_of_use-2,5640,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4285,no -5640-vitality-2,5640,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4285,no +5640-LEI-1,5640,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Younger generation shifting to Assamese,bib8271,yes +5640-vitality-1,5640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Younger generation shifting to Assamese,bib8271,yes +5640-LEI-2,5640,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4306,no +5640-transmission-2,5640,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib4306,no +5640-domains_of_use-2,5640,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4306,no +5640-vitality-2,5640,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4306,no 5640-LEI-3,5640,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5640-vitality-3,5640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5641-location-1,5641,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunachal Pradesh, Siang""], ""Coordinates"": [[29.007615, 94.90109]]}",,,bib8246,yes -5641-speaker_number-1,5641,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5641-speakers-1,5641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5641-LEI-1,5641,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5641-vitality-1,5641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5641-location-1,5641,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunachal Pradesh, Siang""], ""Coordinates"": [[29.007615, 94.90109]]}",,,bib8271,yes +5641-speaker_number-1,5641,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5641-speakers-1,5641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5641-LEI-1,5641,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5641-vitality-1,5641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5642-context-1,5642,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali; Central Tibetan""}",,nearly all men have a functional trade level fluency in Nepali. Use of Nepali among women is increasing. Educated Lhomis are fluent Nepali speakers.,bib68,yes -5642-location-1,5642,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuva Sabha""}",,,bib8246,no +5642-location-1,5642,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sankhuva Sabha""}",,,bib8271,no 5642-location-2,5642,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""India"", ""Nepal""]}",,,bib68,yes 5642-location-3,5642,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no 5642-location-4,5642,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6666666667, 87.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5642-speaker_number-1,5642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,no -5642-speakers-1,5642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,no +5642-speaker_number-1,5642,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,no +5642-speakers-1,5642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,no 5642-speaker_number-2,5642,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"810 speakers live in Nepal, according to the 2011 census.",bib68,yes 5642-speakers-2,5642,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,130"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"810 speakers live in Nepal, according to the 2011 census.",bib68,yes 5642-speaker_number-3,5642,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,741 speakers in Nepal.,bib140,no 5642-speakers-3,5642,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""741"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,741 speakers in Nepal.,bib140,no -5642-LEI-1,5642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5642-vitality-1,5642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5642-LEI-1,5642,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5642-vitality-1,5642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5642-LEI-2,5642,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 5642-transmission-2,5642,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib68,yes 5642-domains_of_use-2,5642,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib68,yes 5642-vitality-2,5642,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,yes 5642-LEI-3,5642,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5642-vitality-3,5642,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -5643-location-1,5643,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Kheng, south of Bumthang""}",,,bib8246,yes -5643-location-2,5643,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0786, 91.0272]]}",,,bib5307,no -5643-speaker_number-1,5643,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5643-speakers-1,5643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5643-LEI-1,5643,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5643-vitality-1,5643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5643-location-1,5643,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Kheng, south of Bumthang""}",,,bib8271,yes +5643-location-2,5643,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0786, 91.0272]]}",,,bib5330,no +5643-speaker_number-1,5643,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5643-speakers-1,5643,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5643-LEI-1,5643,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5643-vitality-1,5643,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5644-context-1,5644,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Angami Naga""}",,,bib67,no -5644-location-1,5644,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""eastern Nagaland, Kohima""}",,,bib8246,yes -5644-location-2,5644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6811, 94.367]]}",,,bib5307,no +5644-location-1,5644,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""eastern Nagaland, Kohima""}",,,bib8271,yes +5644-location-2,5644,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6811, 94.367]]}",,,bib5330,no 5644-location-3,5644,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 5644-location-4,5644,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""East Nagaland, Kohima District, Khezhakhonoma, Phek District""}",,,bib67,no -5644-speaker_number-1,5644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5644-speakers-1,5644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5644-speaker_number-1,5644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5644-speakers-1,5644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5644-speaker_number-2,5644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5644-speakers-2,5644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40,768"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 5644-speaker_number-3,5644,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5644-speakers-3,5644,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5644-LEI-1,5644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5644-vitality-1,5644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5644-LEI-1,5644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5644-vitality-1,5644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5644-LEI-2,5644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5644-vitality-2,5644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 5644-LEI-3,5644,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5644-vitality-3,5644,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5645-context-1,5645,context,"{""Government Support"": ""yes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes""}",,taught in primary schools,bib67,yes -5645-location-1,5645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.229961, 95.035461]]}",,,bib7945,no +5645-location-1,5645,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.229961, 95.035461]]}",,,bib7970,no 5645-location-2,5645,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 5645-location-3,5645,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland, east central part of Tuensang District.""}",,,bib67,yes 5645-speaker_number-1,5645,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no @@ -56119,579 +56323,579 @@ but also English – when leaving their immediate home surroundings."" (pg. 63)" 5645-LEI-2,5645,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Taught in primary schools.,bib67,yes 5645-domains_of_use-2,5645,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Taught in primary schools.,bib67,yes 5645-vitality-2,5645,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Taught in primary schools.,bib67,yes -5646-context-1,5646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8246,no -5646-location-1,5646,location,"{""Places"": [""India: nothern Manipur, Senapati""]}",,,bib8246,no -5646-location-2,5646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2198, 94.1583]]}",,,bib5307,no -5646-speaker_number-1,5646,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnic group had 23,600 in (2001). Language is threatened.",bib466,yes -5646-speakers-1,5646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnic group had 23,600 in (2001). Language is threatened.",bib466,yes -5646-LEI-1,5646,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,yes -5646-vitality-1,5646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,yes -5647-context-2,5647,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto""}",,"It is the lingua franca of Chitral, Pakistan.",bib740,yes -5647-location-1,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2396,no -5647-location-2,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""District Chitral; other villages in Ishkoman and Yasin an dupper Swat, Peshawar, Karachi, and Vrang in Wakhan""}",,,bib740,yes +5646-context-1,5646,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8271,no +5646-location-1,5646,location,"{""Places"": [""India: nothern Manipur, Senapati""]}",,,bib8271,no +5646-location-2,5646,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2198, 94.1583]]}",,,bib5330,no +5646-speaker_number-1,5646,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnic group had 23,600 in (2001). Language is threatened.",bib468,yes +5646-speakers-1,5646,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<23,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ethnic group had 23,600 in (2001). Language is threatened.",bib468,yes +5646-LEI-1,5646,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,yes +5646-vitality-1,5646,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,yes +5647-context-2,5647,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Pashto""}",,"It is the lingua franca of Chitral, Pakistan.",bib744,yes +5647-location-1,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""part of N\u016brest\u0101n and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India""}",,,bib2409,no +5647-location-2,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""District Chitral; other villages in Ishkoman and Yasin an dupper Swat, Peshawar, Karachi, and Vrang in Wakhan""}",,,bib744,yes 5647-location-3,5647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, 72.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5647-location-4,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Chitral, Northern areas, Ushu in northern Swat""}",,,bib6094,no -5647-location-5,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan: Chitral valley""]}",,,bib8246,no +5647-location-4,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""Chitral, Northern areas, Ushu in northern Swat""}",,,bib6118,no +5647-location-5,5647,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan: Chitral valley""]}",,,bib8271,no 5647-location-6,5647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.994008, 72.001475]]}",,,bib75,no -5647-speaker_number-1,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib740,yes -5647-speakers-1,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib740,yes -5647-speaker_number-2,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6094,no -5647-speakers-2,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6094,no -5647-speaker_number-3,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5647-speakers-3,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""222,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no -5647-LEI-1,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib740,yes -5647-vitality-1,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib740,yes -5647-LEI-2,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6094,no -5647-vitality-2,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6094,no -5647-LEI-3,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5647-vitality-3,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5648-location-1,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotan district""}",,Spoken in one village on the headwaters of the Rava river.,bib8246,no -5648-location-2,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3607, 86.8661]]}",,,bib5307,no -5648-location-3,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotang district in Eastern Nepal, near the headwaters of the Rawa Khola, in the villages of Sungdel and, to a lesser extent, Dipsung. There are also some speakers in the villages of Lethang and Bharauli in the Tarai.""}",,,bib4475,yes +5647-speaker_number-1,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib744,yes +5647-speakers-1,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib744,yes +5647-speaker_number-2,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6118,no +5647-speakers-2,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6118,no +5647-speaker_number-3,5647,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5647-speakers-3,5647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""222,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no +5647-LEI-1,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib744,yes +5647-vitality-1,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib744,yes +5647-LEI-2,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6118,no +5647-vitality-2,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6118,no +5647-LEI-3,5647,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5647-vitality-3,5647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5648-location-1,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotan district""}",,Spoken in one village on the headwaters of the Rava river.,bib8271,no +5648-location-2,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3607, 86.8661]]}",,,bib5330,no +5648-location-3,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Khotang district in Eastern Nepal, near the headwaters of the Rawa Khola, in the villages of Sungdel and, to a lesser extent, Dipsung. There are also some speakers in the villages of Lethang and Bharauli in the Tarai.""}",,,bib4496,yes 5648-location-4,5648,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5648-speaker_number-2,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5648-speakers-2,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5648-speaker_number-3,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4475,yes -5648-speakers-3,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4475,yes +5648-speaker_number-2,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5648-speakers-2,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5648-speaker_number-3,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4496,yes +5648-speakers-3,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4496,yes 5648-speaker_number-4,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5648-speakers-4,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,641"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5648-speaker_number-5,5648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no 5648-speakers-5,5648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census.,bib67,no -5648-LEI-1,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5648-vitality-1,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5648-LEI-2,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4475,yes -5648-vitality-2,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4475,yes +5648-LEI-1,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5648-vitality-1,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5648-LEI-2,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4496,yes +5648-vitality-2,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4496,yes 5648-LEI-3,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5648-vitality-3,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5648-LEI-4,5648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The number of native speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no 5648-vitality-4,5648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The number of native speakers is decreasing.,bib67,no -565-location-1,565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3626, 16.0565]]}",,,bib5307,no +565-location-1,565,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.3626, 16.0565]]}",,,bib5330,no 565-location-2,565,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""]}",,,bib67,no -565-speaker_number-1,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -565-speakers-1,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -565-speaker_number-2,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -565-speakers-2,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +565-speaker_number-1,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +565-speakers-1,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +565-speaker_number-2,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +565-speakers-2,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 565-speaker_number-3,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 565-speakers-3,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 565-speaker_number-4,565,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1996).,bib67,no 565-speakers-4,565,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1996).,bib67,no -565-LEI-1,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -565-vitality-1,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -565-LEI-2,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -565-vitality-2,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +565-LEI-1,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +565-vitality-1,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +565-LEI-2,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +565-vitality-2,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 565-LEI-3,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 565-vitality-3,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 565-LEI-4,565,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 565-vitality-4,565,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5650-context-1,5650,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Hindi; Naga Pidgin""}",,Konyak Naga is taught in primary schools. There are radio programs in the language.,bib67,no -5650-location-1,5650,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland""}",,,bib8246,yes -5650-location-2,5650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9367, 95.1745]]}",,,bib5307,no +5650-location-1,5650,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland""}",,,bib8271,yes +5650-location-2,5650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9367, 95.1745]]}",,,bib5330,no 5650-location-3,5650,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 5650-location-4,5650,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam, Sibsagar District, Nagagaon, Bortol villages near Simulguri Township; northeast Nagaland, Mon, Tuensang districts.""}",,,bib67,no -5650-speaker_number-1,5650,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5650-speakers-1,5650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5650-speaker_number-1,5650,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5650-speakers-1,5650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5650-speaker_number-2,5650,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 5650-speakers-2,5650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""248,109"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no 5650-speaker_number-3,5650,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 5650-speakers-3,5650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""244,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -5650-LEI-1,5650,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5650-vitality-1,5650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5650-LEI-1,5650,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5650-vitality-1,5650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5650-LEI-2,5650,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5650-vitality-2,5650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 5650-LEI-3,5650,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5650-vitality-3,5650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5651-context-1,5651,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kannada""}",,,bib8246,yes -5651-location-1,5651,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Kundapura""}",,,bib8246,yes +5651-context-1,5651,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kannada""}",,,bib8271,yes +5651-location-1,5651,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Kundapura""}",,,bib8271,yes 5651-location-2,5651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.62, 75.11]]}",,,bib75,no -5651-speaker_number-1,5651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speakers are untouchables who are bilingual in Kannada.,bib8246,yes -5651-speakers-1,5651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speakers are untouchables who are bilingual in Kannada.,bib8246,yes -5651-LEI-1,5651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5651-vitality-1,5651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5652-location-1,5652,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Orissa, Ganjam, Baudh-Kondhamal, Koraput; Andhra Pradesh""}",,,bib8246,yes -5652-location-2,5652,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib4358,no +5651-speaker_number-1,5651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speakers are untouchables who are bilingual in Kannada.,bib8271,yes +5651-speakers-1,5651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speakers are untouchables who are bilingual in Kannada.,bib8271,yes +5651-LEI-1,5651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5651-vitality-1,5651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5652-location-1,5652,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Orissa, Ganjam, Baudh-Kondhamal, Koraput; Andhra Pradesh""}",,,bib8271,yes +5652-location-2,5652,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib4379,no 5652-location-3,5652,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 5652-location-4,5652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.0, 83.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5652-speaker_number-1,5652,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Kondho tribe,bib8246,yes -5652-speakers-1,5652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Kondho tribe,bib8246,yes -5652-speaker_number-2,5652,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Census reports confuse Kui and Kuvi, both of which are called Khond or Kandh."" (pg. 25)",bib4358,no -5652-speakers-2,5652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""641,662"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Census reports confuse Kui and Kuvi, both of which are called Khond or Kandh."" (pg. 25)",bib4358,no +5652-speaker_number-1,5652,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Kondho tribe,bib8271,yes +5652-speakers-1,5652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Kondho tribe,bib8271,yes +5652-speaker_number-2,5652,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"""Census reports confuse Kui and Kuvi, both of which are called Khond or Kandh."" (pg. 25)",bib4379,no +5652-speakers-2,5652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""641,662"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"""Census reports confuse Kui and Kuvi, both of which are called Khond or Kandh."" (pg. 25)",bib4379,no 5652-speaker_number-3,5652,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 5652-speakers-3,5652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""916,222"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no -5652-LEI-1,5652,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5652-vitality-1,5652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5652-LEI-2,5652,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4358,no -5652-vitality-2,5652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4358,no +5652-LEI-1,5652,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5652-vitality-1,5652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5652-LEI-2,5652,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4379,no +5652-vitality-2,5652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4379,no 5652-LEI-3,5652,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5652-vitality-3,5652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5653-context-1,5653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib8246,no +5653-context-1,5653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib8271,no 5653-context-2,5653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,high motivation for literacy,bib68,yes -5653-context-3,5653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7354,no -5653-location-1,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu and Sankhuva Sabha""}",,,bib8246,no +5653-context-3,5653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7378,no +5653-location-1,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu and Sankhuva Sabha""}",,,bib8271,no 5653-location-2,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Sagarmatha Zone, Solukhumbu district, in Hungu river valley, Bung, Pelmang, Chhemsing, Chheskam, Lucham, Chachalung, Satdi, Gudel, Namlung, Sotang, and Chekma villages; Kosi Zone, Sankhuwasabha district, Mangtewa, Yaphu, and Seduwa VDCs; Bhojpur district, Phedi, Limkhim, Khartanga, and Wasepla VDCs.""}",,,bib68,yes -5653-location-3,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""along the upper reaches of the Hungu or Hongu river, in Solu Khumbu district of Sagaram\u0101th\u0101 zone in eastern Nepal""}",,the main Kulung-speaking villages are Chemsīn and Cheskām,bib7354,no +5653-location-3,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""along the upper reaches of the Hungu or Hongu river, in Solu Khumbu district of Sagaram\u0101th\u0101 zone in eastern Nepal""}",,the main Kulung-speaking villages are Chemsīn and Cheskām,bib7378,no 5653-location-4,5653,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no 5653-location-5,5653,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5, 87.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5653-speaker_number-1,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5653-speakers-1,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5653-speaker_number-1,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5653-speakers-1,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5653-speaker_number-2,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,yes 5653-speakers-2,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,yes -5653-speaker_number-3,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7354,no -5653-speakers-3,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7354,no +5653-speaker_number-3,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7378,no +5653-speakers-3,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7378,no 5653-speaker_number-4,5653,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,no 5653-speakers-4,5653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,135"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,no -5653-LEI-1,5653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5653-vitality-1,5653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5653-LEI-1,5653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5653-vitality-1,5653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5653-LEI-2,5653,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 5653-transmission-2,5653,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib68,yes 5653-domains_of_use-2,5653,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib68,yes 5653-vitality-2,5653,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,yes -5653-LEI-3,5653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7354,no -5653-vitality-3,5653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7354,no +5653-LEI-3,5653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7378,no +5653-vitality-3,5653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7378,no 5653-LEI-4,5653,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5653-vitality-4,5653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -5655-context-1,5655,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dzongkha and English in official domains and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha; English; Chocangaca"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive (Native speakers are engaged in the Kurt\u00f6p Documentation Project)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all (no monolingual speakers were found)""}",,"Dzongkha, the national language, is the language that is taught in school (along with English) and has a written tradition in Bhutan. The Kurtöp/English/Dzongkha dictionary is on the way. Educated speakers of Kurtöp are also fluent in Dzongkha and English whereas uneducated speakers are able to speak Dzongkha or Chocangaca.",bib3718,yes -5655-location-1,5655,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Lhuntsi""}",,,bib8246,no -5655-location-2,5655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.7127, 90.9667]]}",,,bib5307,no -5655-location-3,5655,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""\""Kurt\u00f6p is spoken in Lh\u00fcntse. In addition to Tangmachu (where Chocangaca is also spoken), Kurt\u00f6p is spoken between the village of Gorgan, south of Lh\u00fcntse, and up until Naling, near the border with Tibet.\"" (p. 92)"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.664, 91.176]]}",,,bib3718,yes -5655-speaker_number-1,5655,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5655-speakers-1,5655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5655-speaker_number-2,5655,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3718,yes -5655-speakers-2,5655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3718,yes -5655-LEI-1,5655,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5655-vitality-1,5655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5655-LEI-2,5655,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3718,yes -5655-vitality-2,5655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3718,yes -5656-context-1,5656,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Hindi; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib8032,yes +5655-context-1,5655,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dzongkha and English in official domains and education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha; English; Chocangaca"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive (Native speakers are engaged in the Kurt\u00f6p Documentation Project)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all (no monolingual speakers were found)""}",,"Dzongkha, the national language, is the language that is taught in school (along with English) and has a written tradition in Bhutan. The Kurtöp/English/Dzongkha dictionary is on the way. Educated speakers of Kurtöp are also fluent in Dzongkha and English whereas uneducated speakers are able to speak Dzongkha or Chocangaca.",bib3737,yes +5655-location-1,5655,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Lhuntsi""}",,,bib8271,no +5655-location-2,5655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.7127, 90.9667]]}",,,bib5330,no +5655-location-3,5655,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""\""Kurt\u00f6p is spoken in Lh\u00fcntse. In addition to Tangmachu (where Chocangaca is also spoken), Kurt\u00f6p is spoken between the village of Gorgan, south of Lh\u00fcntse, and up until Naling, near the border with Tibet.\"" (p. 92)"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.664, 91.176]]}",,,bib3737,yes +5655-speaker_number-1,5655,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5655-speakers-1,5655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5655-speaker_number-2,5655,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3737,yes +5655-speakers-2,5655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3737,yes +5655-LEI-1,5655,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5655-vitality-1,5655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5655-LEI-2,5655,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3737,yes +5655-vitality-2,5655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3737,yes +5656-context-1,5656,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""most""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Hindi; English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib8057,yes 5656-context-2,5656,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Urdu; Hindi; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive""}",,,bib67,no -5656-location-1,5656,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8246,no -5656-location-2,5656,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""at the Himalayan regions, the north of Jammu & Kashmir""}",,,bib8032,yes +5656-location-1,5656,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Jammu and Kashmir""}",,,bib8271,no +5656-location-2,5656,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""at the Himalayan regions, the north of Jammu & Kashmir""}",,,bib8057,yes 5656-location-3,5656,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0, 78.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5656-location-4,5656,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""China""], ""Description"": ""India: Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh District; China: western Tibet""}",,,bib67,no -5656-speaker_number-1,5656,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,no -5656-speakers-1,5656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<102,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,no -5656-speaker_number-2,5656,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8032,yes -5656-speakers-2,5656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8032,yes +5656-speaker_number-1,5656,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,no +5656-speakers-1,5656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<102,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,no +5656-speaker_number-2,5656,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8057,yes +5656-speakers-2,5656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8057,yes 5656-speaker_number-3,5656,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"also 12,000 in China (1995)",bib67,no 5656-speakers-3,5656,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""162,000 (all countries)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"also 12,000 in China (1995)",bib67,no -5656-LEI-1,5656,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5656-vitality-1,5656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5656-LEI-2,5656,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8032,yes -5656-transmission-2,5656,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8032,yes -5656-domains_of_use-2,5656,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8032,yes -5656-speaker_number_trends-2,5656,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8032,yes -5656-vitality-2,5656,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8032,yes +5656-LEI-1,5656,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5656-vitality-1,5656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5656-LEI-2,5656,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8057,yes +5656-transmission-2,5656,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8057,yes +5656-domains_of_use-2,5656,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8057,yes +5656-speaker_number_trends-2,5656,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8057,yes +5656-vitality-2,5656,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Children at private and governmental schools in Ladakh get at least some expalanations in Ladakhi, but more and more families tend to send even small children to schools in other parts of India where this is simply impossible, not to speak of learning the Tibetan alphabet.... For a long time, the Ladakhi program of All India Radio which was broadcast from the Leh radio station was the main modern and far-reaching medium of information... Nowadays, the impact of the Leh dialect might be reduced by the upgrading of schools and civil services in remote villages, the installation of a second radio station in Kargil, and the switch to more fashionable media.... Hindi and Urdu, the languages of the media, as well as English, the language of higher education, are associated with high social prestige, so that educated townspeople may refuse to talk Ladakhi with the foreigner, and one may observe two Ladakhi families in Leh handling the matrimonial negotiations basically in Urdu. The language, thus, is under strong pressure, and may soon reach the stage of endangerment. Unfortunately, the oral tradition of story telling has come more or less to an end. The children are too much occupied with their homework, and radio, TV, and videos help to bide the time in a more fashionable way. Furthermore, there is no literary tradition in Ladakhi phalskat that could slow down the trend, and all efforts to establish it are opposed by the dominant Buddhist scholars as being anti-Buddhist or as lacking in traditional scholarship."" (p.177-178)",bib8057,yes 5656-LEI-3,5656,LEI,"Safe (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5656-transmission-3,5656,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib67,no 5656-vitality-3,5656,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib67,no -5657-location-1,5657,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Kameng and Subansiri"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.391, 94.708], [25.093, 93.873], [27.535, 94.351]]}",,,bib8246,yes -5657-speaker_number-1,5657,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5657-speakers-1,5657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5657-LEI-1,5657,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5657-vitality-1,5657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5658-location-1,5658,location,"{""Places"": [""India: southwestern Nagaland state""]}",,,bib8246,no -5658-location-2,5658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2794, 93.6694]]}",,,bib5307,no +5657-location-1,5657,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Kameng and Subansiri"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.391, 94.708], [25.093, 93.873], [27.535, 94.351]]}",,,bib8271,yes +5657-speaker_number-1,5657,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5657-speakers-1,5657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5657-LEI-1,5657,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5657-vitality-1,5657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5658-location-1,5658,location,"{""Places"": [""India: southwestern Nagaland state""]}",,,bib8271,no +5658-location-2,5658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.2794, 93.6694]]}",,,bib5330,no 5658-speaker_number-2,5658,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,yes 5658-speakers-2,5658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,232"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,yes 5658-LEI-1,5658,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,yes 5658-vitality-1,5658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,yes -5659-context-1,5659,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese-based creole""}",,,bib8246,no -5659-location-1,5659,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland""}",,,bib8246,no +5659-context-1,5659,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese-based creole""}",,,bib8271,no +5659-location-1,5659,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland""}",,,bib8271,no 5659-location-2,5659,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,yes 5659-location-3,5659,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.5, 94.25]]}",,,bib216,no -5659-speaker_number-1,5659,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5659-speakers-1,5659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5659-speaker_number-1,5659,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5659-speakers-1,5659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5659-speaker_number-2,5659,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,yes 5659-speakers-2,5659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170,001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,yes -5659-LEI-1,5659,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5659-vitality-1,5659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5659-LEI-1,5659,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5659-vitality-1,5659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5659-LEI-2,5659,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,yes 5659-vitality-2,5659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,yes -566-context-1,566,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic, Kotoko""}",,Has given way to Shuwa Arabic and Kotoko; possibly extinct.,bib1786,yes -566-location-1,566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.8492, 15.032]]}",,,bib5307,no -566-speaker_number-1,566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1786,yes -566-speakers-1,566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1786,yes -566-LEI-1,566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -566-vitality-1,566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes +566-context-1,566,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic, Kotoko""}",,Has given way to Shuwa Arabic and Kotoko; possibly extinct.,bib1798,yes +566-location-1,566,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.8492, 15.032]]}",,,bib5330,no +566-speaker_number-1,566,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1798,yes +566-speakers-1,566,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1798,yes +566-LEI-1,566,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +566-vitality-1,566,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes 5660-context-1,5660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,,bib67,no -5660-location-1,5660,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Simla and Solan""}",,,bib8246,yes -5660-location-2,5660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.2738, 77.1295]]}",,,bib5307,no +5660-location-1,5660,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Simla and Solan""}",,,bib8271,yes +5660-location-2,5660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.2738, 77.1295]]}",,,bib5330,no 5660-location-3,5660,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Shimla (Simla) and Solan districts""}",,,bib67,no -5660-speaker_number-1,5660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8246,yes -5660-speakers-1,5660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8246,yes -5660-speaker_number-2,5660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -5660-speakers-2,5660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496,024"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +5660-speaker_number-1,5660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib8271,yes +5660-speakers-1,5660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib8271,yes +5660-speaker_number-2,5660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +5660-speakers-2,5660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""496,024"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 5660-speaker_number-3,5660,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 5660-speakers-3,5660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -5660-LEI-1,5660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5660-vitality-1,5660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5660-LEI-2,5660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5660-vitality-2,5660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5660-LEI-1,5660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5660-vitality-1,5660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5660-LEI-2,5660,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5660-vitality-2,5660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5660-LEI-3,5660,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,also used in religion,bib67,no 5660-transmission-3,5660,transmission,0,transmission-0,also used in religion,bib67,no 5660-domains_of_use-3,5660,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,also used in religion,bib67,no 5660-vitality-3,5660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,also used in religion,bib67,no -5663-location-1,5663,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Nagaland""], ""Description"": ""Phek district""}",,,bib8246,yes -5663-location-2,5663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6712, 94.779]]}",,,bib5307,no -5663-speaker_number-1,5663,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Number of speakers unknown, may be up to 13,000.",bib8246,yes -5663-speakers-1,5663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Number of speakers unknown, may be up to 13,000.",bib8246,yes +5663-location-1,5663,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Nagaland""], ""Description"": ""Phek district""}",,,bib8271,yes +5663-location-2,5663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6712, 94.779]]}",,,bib5330,no +5663-speaker_number-1,5663,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Number of speakers unknown, may be up to 13,000.",bib8271,yes +5663-speakers-1,5663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Number of speakers unknown, may be up to 13,000.",bib8271,yes 5663-speaker_number-2,5663,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5663-speakers-2,5663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,744"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -5663-LEI-1,5663,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5663-vitality-1,5663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5663-LEI-1,5663,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5663-vitality-1,5663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5663-LEI-2,5663,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5663-vitality-2,5663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 5664-context-1,5664,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi; English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes""}",,About half of Pattani speakers also speak Hindi with good proficiency.,bib67,yes -5664-location-1,5664,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Lahul""}",,,bib8246,no +5664-location-1,5664,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Lahul""}",,,bib8271,no 5664-location-2,5664,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.75, 76.75]]}",,,bib216,no 5664-location-3,5664,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh, Lahul, Pattan, Chamba-Lahul, and lower Mayar valleys. Some in Kullu, Manali cities.""}",,,bib67,yes -5664-speaker_number-1,5664,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5664-speakers-1,5664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5664-speaker_number-1,5664,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5664-speakers-1,5664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5664-speaker_number-2,5664,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5664-speakers-2,5664,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000 (in 2002)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""5000""}",,,bib67,yes -5664-LEI-1,5664,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5664-vitality-1,5664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5664-LEI-1,5664,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5664-vitality-1,5664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5664-LEI-2,5664,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Pattani is used in the home, village, and for religion. Hindi is used in education and trade.",bib67,yes 5664-domains_of_use-2,5664,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Pattani is used in the home, village, and for religion. Hindi is used in education and trade.",bib67,yes 5664-vitality-2,5664,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Pattani is used in the home, village, and for religion. Hindi is used in education and trade.",bib67,yes 5666-context-2,5666,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei""}",,,bib67,no 5666-location-1,5666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.5, 94.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 5666-location-2,5666,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Manipur, Senapati District; Nagaland""}",,,bib67,no -5666-speaker_number-1,5666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The census figure for Mao speakers is not available in Census of India 2001 because the census was not taken in Senapati district of Manipur.,bib3300,yes -5666-speakers-1,5666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The census figure for Mao speakers is not available in Census of India 2001 because the census was not taken in Senapati district of Manipur.,bib3300,yes +5666-speaker_number-1,5666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The census figure for Mao speakers is not available in Census of India 2001 because the census was not taken in Senapati district of Manipur.,bib3316,yes +5666-speakers-1,5666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The census figure for Mao speakers is not available in Census of India 2001 because the census was not taken in Senapati district of Manipur.,bib3316,yes 5666-speaker_number-2,5666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5666-speakers-2,5666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""81,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5666-LEI-1,5666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -5666-vitality-1,5666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3300,yes +5666-LEI-1,5666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +5666-vitality-1,5666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3316,yes 5666-LEI-2,5666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5666-vitality-2,5666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5667-context-1,5667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8246,no -5667-context-2,5667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei""}",,Men are more bilingual in Meitei than women.,bib3300,yes -5667-location-1,5667,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam and Manipur""]}",,,bib8246,no -5667-location-2,5667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.185, 93.9715]]}",,,bib5307,no -5667-speaker_number-1,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5667-speakers-1,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,968"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5667-context-1,5667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8271,no +5667-context-2,5667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei""}",,Men are more bilingual in Meitei than women.,bib3316,yes +5667-location-1,5667,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam and Manipur""]}",,,bib8271,no +5667-location-2,5667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.185, 93.9715]]}",,,bib5330,no +5667-speaker_number-1,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5667-speakers-1,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,968"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5667-speaker_number-2,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5667-speakers-2,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,340"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -5667-speaker_number-3,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib466,no -5667-speakers-3,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib466,no -5667-speaker_number-4,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3300,yes -5667-speakers-4,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3300,yes -5667-LEI-1,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5667-vitality-1,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5667-speaker_number-3,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib468,no +5667-speakers-3,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib468,no +5667-speaker_number-4,5667,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3316,yes +5667-speakers-4,5667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,340"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3316,yes +5667-LEI-1,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5667-vitality-1,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5667-LEI-2,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5667-vitality-2,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5667-LEI-3,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is threatened.,bib466,no -5667-vitality-3,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is threatened.,bib466,no -5667-LEI-4,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -5667-vitality-4,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3300,yes -5668-context-1,5668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri""}",,The language is not used in school nor in mass media or radio.,bib3300,yes -5668-location-1,5668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.6769, 94.3835]]}",,,bib5307,no -5668-location-2,5668,location,"{""Places"": [""\""In Manipur the Marings are distributed in the southwest in the\nmountainous regions along the northern border of Chandel district and in and\naround Tengnoupal subdivision of Chandel district.\""""]}",,,bib3300,yes +5667-LEI-3,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Language is threatened.,bib468,no +5667-vitality-3,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Language is threatened.,bib468,no +5667-LEI-4,5667,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +5667-vitality-4,5667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3316,yes +5668-context-1,5668,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Manipuri""}",,The language is not used in school nor in mass media or radio.,bib3316,yes +5668-location-1,5668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.6769, 94.3835]]}",,,bib5330,no +5668-location-2,5668,location,"{""Places"": [""\""In Manipur the Marings are distributed in the southwest in the\nmountainous regions along the northern border of Chandel district and in and\naround Tengnoupal subdivision of Chandel district.\""""]}",,,bib3316,yes 5668-speaker_number-1,5668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5668-speakers-1,5668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,326"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -5668-speaker_number-2,5668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3300,yes -5668-speakers-2,5668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,326"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3300,yes +5668-speaker_number-2,5668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3316,yes +5668-speakers-2,5668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,326"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3316,yes 5668-LEI-1,5668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5668-vitality-1,5668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5668-LEI-2,5668,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -5668-domains_of_use-2,5668,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3300,yes -5668-vitality-2,5668,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3300,yes -5670-location-1,5670,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Nagaland state""}",,,bib8246,no -5670-location-2,5670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6019, 93.8891]]}",,,bib5307,no +5668-LEI-2,5668,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +5668-domains_of_use-2,5668,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3316,yes +5668-vitality-2,5668,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3316,yes +5670-location-1,5670,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Nagaland state""}",,,bib8271,no +5670-location-2,5670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.6019, 93.8891]]}",,,bib5330,no 5670-location-3,5670,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Nagaland, Kohima district, Paren area, northeast of Zeme.""}",,,bib67,yes 5670-speaker_number-2,5670,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5670-speakers-2,5670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~29,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes 5670-LEI-1,5670,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5670-vitality-1,5670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5672-context-1,5672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese; English; Hindi""}",,,bib67,yes -5672-location-1,5672,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Central Tirap""}",,,bib8246,no +5672-location-1,5672,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Central Tirap""}",,,bib8271,no 5672-location-2,5672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0, 95.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5672-location-3,5672,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Arunachal Pradesh, Tirap district, Khonsa, Namsang, and Laju circles; Changlang district; Assam, Lakhimpur district, Jaipur; North Nagaland, Mon district, Namsang.""}",,,bib67,yes -5672-speaker_number-1,5672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5672-speakers-1,5672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no +5672-speaker_number-1,5672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5672-speakers-1,5672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~28,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no 5672-speaker_number-2,5672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5672-speakers-2,5672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""32,957"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no 5672-speaker_number-3,5672,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 5672-speakers-3,5672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -5672-LEI-1,5672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5672-vitality-1,5672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5672-LEI-1,5672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5672-vitality-1,5672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5672-LEI-2,5672,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5672-vitality-2,5672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 5672-LEI-3,5672,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5672-transmission-3,5672,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib67,yes 5672-domains_of_use-3,5672,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib67,yes 5672-vitality-3,5672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,yes -5673-location-1,5673,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Manipur, Nagaland""}",,,bib8246,no -5673-location-2,5673,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.9661, 93.5375]]}",,,bib5307,no -5673-speaker_number-1,5673,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"59,000 speakers estimated in (1997)",bib466,yes -5673-speakers-1,5673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"59,000 speakers estimated in (1997)",bib466,yes -5673-LEI-1,5673,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,yes -5673-vitality-1,5673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,yes -5674-location-1,5674,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""central Nagaland""}",,,bib8246,yes -5674-location-2,5674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.958, 94.2462]]}",,,bib5307,no +5673-location-1,5673,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Manipur, Nagaland""}",,,bib8271,no +5673-location-2,5673,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.9661, 93.5375]]}",,,bib5330,no +5673-speaker_number-1,5673,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"59,000 speakers estimated in (1997)",bib468,yes +5673-speakers-1,5673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""59,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"59,000 speakers estimated in (1997)",bib468,yes +5673-LEI-1,5673,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,yes +5673-vitality-1,5673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,yes +5674-location-1,5674,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""central Nagaland""}",,,bib8271,yes +5674-location-2,5674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.958, 94.2462]]}",,,bib5330,no 5674-location-3,5674,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland; Kohima district, north Rengma.""}",,,bib67,no -5674-speaker_number-1,5674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5674-speakers-1,5674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5674-speaker_number-1,5674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5674-speakers-1,5674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5674-speaker_number-2,5674,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5674-speakers-2,5674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5674-LEI-1,5674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5674-vitality-1,5674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5674-LEI-1,5674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5674-vitality-1,5674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5674-LEI-2,5674,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5674-vitality-2,5674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5675-location-1,5675,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang""}",,,bib8246,yes -5675-location-2,5675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3937, 90.5003]]}",,,bib5307,no -5675-speaker_number-1,5675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Regarded as a dialect of Bumthang.,bib8246,yes -5675-speakers-1,5675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Regarded as a dialect of Bumthang.,bib8246,yes -5675-LEI-1,5675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5675-vitality-1,5675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5676-context-1,5676,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"Dzongkha is the national language which, together with English, is taught in school. Dzongkha is also the lingua franca of eastern Bhutan. Uneducated people are usually bilingual in Hen Kha and Dzongkha while educated speakers are able to speak English besides Hen Kha and Dzongkha.",bib2262,yes -5676-context-2,5676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""[A]ll of the Mangde people are bilingual or trilingual. In general, the younger generation have adopted Mangde or Dzongkha as their first language. English is also an additional resource in their verbal repertoire among younger generation in a multilingual setting. It is worth noting that 20.8% of the Mangde people speak Mangde as their third language [...] the linguistic limitations of Mangde could not account for the vast majority of switches that occurred [...] The age group clearly illustrates the distinctive language shift from Mangde to Dzongkha and English. Most of the younger generation tend to count the numbers in Dzongkha and English. Not a single song was to be sung by them."" (p. 85)",bib5546,no -5676-location-1,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan: Mangde river valley""]}",,,bib8246,no -5676-location-2,5676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4595, 90.4119]]}",,,bib5307,no -5676-location-3,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan: parts of Trongsa and Wangdue Phodrang Provinces""], ""Description"": ""\""settlements using Hen Kha are essentially bounded on the east and west by the Dang Chu (river) and the Mangde Chu in Mangde district.\"" (p. 74)""}",,,bib2262,yes -5676-location-4,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""\""spoken in the Mangde river basin, on the eastern slopes of the Black Mountains of west central Bhutan and also in adjacent parts of the western Black Mountains. The language is also spoken in several villages to the east of the Mangdechu between Trongsa and Zh'amgang.\"" (p. 77)""}",,,bib5546,no -5676-speaker_number-1,5676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5676-speakers-1,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5676-speaker_number-2,5676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2262,yes -5676-speakers-2,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,692"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 October"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2262,yes -5676-speaker_number-3,5676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5546,no -5676-speakers-3,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (van Driem)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5546,no -5676-LEI-1,5676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5676-vitality-1,5676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5676-LEI-2,5676,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2262,yes -5676-transmission-2,5676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2262,yes -5676-domains_of_use-2,5676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2262,yes -5676-speaker_number_trends-2,5676,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2262,yes -5676-vitality-2,5676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2262,yes -5676-LEI-3,5676,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5546,no -5676-speaker_number_trends-3,5676,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5546,no -5676-vitality-3,5676,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5546,no -5677-location-1,5677,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, west bank of Siang river""}",,,bib8246,yes -5677-location-2,5677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5307,no -5677-speaker_number-1,5677,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5677-speakers-1,5677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5677-LEI-1,5677,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5677-vitality-1,5677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5678-context-1,5678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8246,no -5678-context-2,5678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mizo; Manipuri""}",,"""Paite is taught up to graduate level as a subject of instruction in Manipur. The All India Radio station at Imphal broadcasts Paite programs daily for 25 minutes."" (pg. 100)",bib3300,yes -5678-location-1,5678,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur""}",,,bib8246,no +5675-location-1,5675,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""Bumthang""}",,,bib8271,yes +5675-location-2,5675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.3937, 90.5003]]}",,,bib5330,no +5675-speaker_number-1,5675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Regarded as a dialect of Bumthang.,bib8271,yes +5675-speakers-1,5675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Regarded as a dialect of Bumthang.,bib8271,yes +5675-LEI-1,5675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5675-vitality-1,5675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5676-context-1,5676,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,"Dzongkha is the national language which, together with English, is taught in school. Dzongkha is also the lingua franca of eastern Bhutan. Uneducated people are usually bilingual in Hen Kha and Dzongkha while educated speakers are able to speak English besides Hen Kha and Dzongkha.",bib2275,yes +5676-context-2,5676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dzongkha and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""[A]ll of the Mangde people are bilingual or trilingual. In general, the younger generation have adopted Mangde or Dzongkha as their first language. English is also an additional resource in their verbal repertoire among younger generation in a multilingual setting. It is worth noting that 20.8% of the Mangde people speak Mangde as their third language [...] the linguistic limitations of Mangde could not account for the vast majority of switches that occurred [...] The age group clearly illustrates the distinctive language shift from Mangde to Dzongkha and English. Most of the younger generation tend to count the numbers in Dzongkha and English. Not a single song was to be sung by them."" (p. 85)",bib5570,no +5676-location-1,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan: Mangde river valley""]}",,,bib8271,no +5676-location-2,5676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.4595, 90.4119]]}",,,bib5330,no +5676-location-3,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan: parts of Trongsa and Wangdue Phodrang Provinces""], ""Description"": ""\""settlements using Hen Kha are essentially bounded on the east and west by the Dang Chu (river) and the Mangde Chu in Mangde district.\"" (p. 74)""}",,,bib2275,yes +5676-location-4,5676,location,"{""Places"": [""Bhutan""], ""Description"": ""\""spoken in the Mangde river basin, on the eastern slopes of the Black Mountains of west central Bhutan and also in adjacent parts of the western Black Mountains. The language is also spoken in several villages to the east of the Mangdechu between Trongsa and Zh'amgang.\"" (p. 77)""}",,,bib5570,no +5676-speaker_number-1,5676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5676-speakers-1,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5676-speaker_number-2,5676,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2275,yes +5676-speakers-2,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,692"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 October"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2275,yes +5676-speaker_number-3,5676,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5570,no +5676-speakers-3,5676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998 (van Driem)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5570,no +5676-LEI-1,5676,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5676-vitality-1,5676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5676-LEI-2,5676,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2275,yes +5676-transmission-2,5676,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2275,yes +5676-domains_of_use-2,5676,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2275,yes +5676-speaker_number_trends-2,5676,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2275,yes +5676-vitality-2,5676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"In the Hen Kha speaking villages, the majority still speaks their ethnic language fluently. But ""families who left their villages essentially abandoned Hen Kha once they arrived in their new communities as minority migrants."" (p. 82)",bib2275,yes +5676-LEI-3,5676,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5570,no +5676-speaker_number_trends-3,5676,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5570,no +5676-vitality-3,5676,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"""All of those who speak Mangde are regarded as members of the Mangde ethnic group, but not all of them speak Mangde. All ages and sexes us Dzongkha ..."" (p.77)",bib5570,no +5677-location-1,5677,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, west bank of Siang river""}",,,bib8271,yes +5677-location-2,5677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5330,no +5677-speaker_number-1,5677,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5677-speakers-1,5677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5677-LEI-1,5677,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5677-vitality-1,5677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5678-context-1,5678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8271,no +5678-context-2,5678,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mizo; Manipuri""}",,"""Paite is taught up to graduate level as a subject of instruction in Manipur. The All India Radio station at Imphal broadcasts Paite programs daily for 25 minutes."" (pg. 100)",bib3316,yes +5678-location-1,5678,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur""}",,,bib8271,no 5678-location-2,5678,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Paite Chin live in Manipur and Mizoram.""}",,,bib50,no -5678-location-3,5678,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""Primarily spoken in Churachandpur district of Manipur. Some of the important settlements of Paites in Chrachandpur district are: New Lamka, Pearson, Bungmual, Khuga dam (Mata), Tuithapi, and in the district sub divisions of Thanlon and Singat. In Myanmar (Burma), the language is subsumed under Tiddim-Chin. The speakers are also found in Mizoram.\"" (Pg. 99)""}",,,bib3300,yes +5678-location-3,5678,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""Primarily spoken in Churachandpur district of Manipur. Some of the important settlements of Paites in Chrachandpur district are: New Lamka, Pearson, Bungmual, Khuga dam (Mata), Tuithapi, and in the district sub divisions of Thanlon and Singat. In Myanmar (Burma), the language is subsumed under Tiddim-Chin. The speakers are also found in Mizoram.\"" (Pg. 99)""}",,,bib3316,yes 5678-location-4,5678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.0, 93.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5678-speaker_number-1,5678,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib50,no 5678-speakers-1,5678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib50,no -5678-speaker_number-2,5678,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3300,yes -5678-speakers-2,5678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3300,yes +5678-speaker_number-2,5678,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3316,yes +5678-speakers-2,5678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""64,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3316,yes 5678-LEI-2,5678,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5678-vitality-2,5678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5678-LEI-3,5678,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -5678-vitality-3,5678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3300,yes -5679-location-1,5679,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Meghalaya, Garo hills""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.8, 90.2]]}",,,bib8246,yes -5679-speaker_number-1,5679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8246,yes -5679-speakers-1,5679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5679-LEI-1,5679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5679-vitality-1,5679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -568-context-1,568,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bagirmi""}",,Shifting to Bagirmi,bib1786,yes -568-location-1,568,location,"{""Places"": [""Dumraw village""]}",,,bib1786,yes -568-location-2,568,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.2149, 17.3721]]}",,,bib5307,no -568-speaker_number-1,568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,yes -568-speakers-1,568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,yes -568-speaker_number-2,568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -568-speakers-2,568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -568-LEI-1,568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -568-vitality-1,568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -568-LEI-2,568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -568-vitality-2,568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5680-location-1,5680,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Nagaland state""}",,,bib8246,yes -5680-location-2,5680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.7799, 94.9493]]}",,,bib5307,no +5678-LEI-3,5678,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +5678-vitality-3,5678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3316,yes +5679-location-1,5679,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Meghalaya, Garo hills""], ""Coordinates"": [[25.8, 90.2]]}",,,bib8271,yes +5679-speaker_number-1,5679,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8271,yes +5679-speakers-1,5679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5679-LEI-1,5679,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5679-vitality-1,5679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +568-context-1,568,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bagirmi""}",,Shifting to Bagirmi,bib1798,yes +568-location-1,568,location,"{""Places"": [""Dumraw village""]}",,,bib1798,yes +568-location-2,568,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.2149, 17.3721]]}",,,bib5330,no +568-speaker_number-1,568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,yes +568-speakers-1,568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,yes +568-speaker_number-2,568,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +568-speakers-2,568,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +568-LEI-1,568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +568-vitality-1,568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +568-LEI-2,568,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +568-vitality-2,568,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5680-location-1,5680,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southwestern Nagaland state""}",,,bib8271,yes +5680-location-2,5680,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.7799, 94.9493]]}",,,bib5330,no 5680-location-3,5680,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""The vast majority of speakers (122,454) live in Nagaland.""}",,,bib50,no -5680-speaker_number-1,5680,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5680-speakers-1,5680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5680-speaker_number-1,5680,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5680-speakers-1,5680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5680-speaker_number-2,5680,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 5680-speakers-2,5680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""122,508"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no -5680-LEI-1,5680,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5680-vitality-1,5680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5680-LEI-1,5680,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5680-vitality-1,5680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5680-LEI-2,5680,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 5680-vitality-2,5680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no -5681-location-1,5681,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.7, 94.1]]}",,,bib8246,yes -5682-context-1,5682,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Bengali""}",,Bilingualism is widespread,bib8246,no -5682-location-1,5682,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Meghalaya and Assam""}",,,bib8246,no -5682-location-2,5682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9284, 90.9777]]}",,,bib5307,no -5682-location-3,5682,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam and Meghalaya""}",,,bib6541,yes -5682-speaker_number-1,5682,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Number of speakers only a proportion of ethnic population,bib8246,no -5682-speakers-1,5682,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""375,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Number of speakers only a proportion of ethnic population,bib8246,no -5682-speaker_number-2,5682,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6541,yes -5682-speakers-2,5682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""139365"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6541,yes -5682-LEI-1,5682,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5682-vitality-1,5682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5682-LEI-2,5682,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6541,yes -5682-vitality-2,5682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6541,yes -5683-context-1,5683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5683-context-2,5683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kumauni, Hindi""}",,,bib6146,no -5683-location-1,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib6752,yes +5681-location-1,5681,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland"", ""Coordinates"": [[25.7, 94.1]]}",,,bib8271,yes +5682-context-1,5682,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Bengali""}",,Bilingualism is widespread,bib8271,no +5682-location-1,5682,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Meghalaya and Assam""}",,,bib8271,no +5682-location-2,5682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9284, 90.9777]]}",,,bib5330,no +5682-location-3,5682,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Assam and Meghalaya""}",,,bib6565,yes +5682-speaker_number-1,5682,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Number of speakers only a proportion of ethnic population,bib8271,no +5682-speakers-1,5682,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""375,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Number of speakers only a proportion of ethnic population,bib8271,no +5682-speaker_number-2,5682,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6565,yes +5682-speakers-2,5682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""139365"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6565,yes +5682-LEI-1,5682,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5682-vitality-1,5682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5682-LEI-2,5682,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6565,yes +5682-vitality-2,5682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6565,yes +5683-context-1,5683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5683-context-2,5683,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kumauni, Hindi""}",,,bib6170,no +5683-location-1,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib6776,yes 5683-location-2,5683,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0, 82.75]]}",,,bib216,no -5683-location-3,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Terai and Pithauragadh""}",,,bib8246,no +5683-location-3,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Terai and Pithauragadh""}",,,bib8271,no 5683-location-4,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no -5683-location-5,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""in some remote villages of Surkhet, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Bardiya an Banke districts of Nepal and Uttaranchal state of India""}",,,bib6097,no -5683-speaker_number-1,5683,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,472 in India only; there is also a population of Raji speakers in Tibet.,bib6752,yes -5683-speakers-1,5683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""472 (in India)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,472 in India only; there is also a population of Raji speakers in Tibet.,bib6752,yes -5683-speaker_number-2,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,410 speakers listed in 2001 census.",bib466,no -5683-speakers-2,5683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,410 speakers listed in 2001 census.",bib466,no -5683-speaker_number-3,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1991 census,bib8246,no -5683-speakers-3,5683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,274"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,959"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1991 census,bib8246,no +5683-location-5,5683,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""in some remote villages of Surkhet, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Bardiya an Banke districts of Nepal and Uttaranchal state of India""}",,,bib6121,no +5683-speaker_number-1,5683,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,472 in India only; there is also a population of Raji speakers in Tibet.,bib6776,yes +5683-speakers-1,5683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""472 (in India)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,472 in India only; there is also a population of Raji speakers in Tibet.,bib6776,yes +5683-speaker_number-2,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,410 speakers listed in 2001 census.",bib468,no +5683-speakers-2,5683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,410 speakers listed in 2001 census.",bib468,no +5683-speaker_number-3,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,1991 census,bib8271,no +5683-speakers-3,5683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,274"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,959"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,1991 census,bib8271,no 5683-speaker_number-4,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib140,no 5683-speakers-4,5683,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3758"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib140,no -5683-speaker_number-5,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6097,no -5683-speakers-5,5683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2399"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2413 (in Nepal)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6097,no -5683-LEI-1,5683,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5683-domains_of_use-1,5683,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5683-vitality-1,5683,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5683-LEI-2,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -5683-vitality-2,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no -5683-LEI-3,5683,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6146,no -5683-transmission-3,5683,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6146,no -5683-vitality-3,5683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6146,no -5683-LEI-4,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5683-vitality-4,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no +5683-speaker_number-5,5683,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6121,no +5683-speakers-5,5683,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2399"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2413 (in Nepal)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6121,no +5683-LEI-1,5683,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5683-domains_of_use-1,5683,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5683-vitality-1,5683,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5683-LEI-2,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +5683-vitality-2,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no +5683-LEI-3,5683,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6170,no +5683-transmission-3,5683,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6170,no +5683-vitality-3,5683,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All community members speak a highly mixed variety, but the positive point is that intergenerational language transmission exists.",bib6170,no +5683-LEI-4,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5683-vitality-4,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no 5683-LEI-5,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5683-vitality-5,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -5683-LEI-6,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6097,no -5683-vitality-6,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6097,no -5684-location-1,5684,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang, upper Siyom valley""}",,"Less than 800 speak Ramo in the upper Siyom valley in Mechukha subdivision of West Siang district to the northwest of the Pailibo area. Exclusively Ramo villages are located between Machukha and Tato, whereas elsewhere Ramo are mixed with Bokar and Memba settlers.",bib8246,yes -5684-location-2,5684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5307,no -5684-speaker_number-1,5684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8246,yes -5684-speakers-1,5684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5684-speaker_number-2,5684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib641,no -5684-speakers-2,5684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib641,no -5684-LEI-1,5684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5684-vitality-1,5684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5684-LEI-2,5684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some villages are shifting to Bokar,bib641,no -5684-vitality-2,5684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some villages are shifting to Bokar,bib641,no -5685-context-1,5685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English, Garhwali, Kumauni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5685-location-1,5685,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Camoli""}",,,bib8246,no -5685-location-2,5685,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Rongpo is spoken in the Niti and Mana valleys in Joshimath Tehsil of Chamoli District. The borders of the Niti and Mana valleys extend up to the Tibetan border. The Marcha dialect is spoken in Mana and parts of Niti Valley, and the Tolcha dialect is spoken in Niti Valley.""}",,,bib6752,yes +5683-LEI-6,5683,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6121,no +5683-vitality-6,5683,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6121,no +5684-location-1,5684,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Siang, upper Siyom valley""}",,"Less than 800 speak Ramo in the upper Siyom valley in Mechukha subdivision of West Siang district to the northwest of the Pailibo area. Exclusively Ramo villages are located between Machukha and Tato, whereas elsewhere Ramo are mixed with Bokar and Memba settlers.",bib8271,yes +5684-location-2,5684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5330,no +5684-speaker_number-1,5684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8271,yes +5684-speakers-1,5684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5684-speaker_number-2,5684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib645,no +5684-speakers-2,5684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib645,no +5684-LEI-1,5684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5684-vitality-1,5684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5684-LEI-2,5684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some villages are shifting to Bokar,bib645,no +5684-vitality-2,5684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some villages are shifting to Bokar,bib645,no +5685-context-1,5685,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English, Garhwali, Kumauni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5685-location-1,5685,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Camoli""}",,,bib8271,no +5685-location-2,5685,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Rongpo is spoken in the Niti and Mana valleys in Joshimath Tehsil of Chamoli District. The borders of the Niti and Mana valleys extend up to the Tibetan border. The Marcha dialect is spoken in Mana and parts of Niti Valley, and the Tolcha dialect is spoken in Niti Valley.""}",,,bib6776,yes 5685-location-3,5685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.25, 79.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5685-speaker_number-1,5685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5685-speakers-1,5685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5685-speaker_number-2,5685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6752,yes -5685-speakers-2,5685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6752,yes -5685-LEI-1,5685,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5685-vitality-1,5685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5685-LEI-2,5685,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5685-domains_of_use-2,5685,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5685-vitality-2,5685,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,yes -5686-context-1,5686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Nagamese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Teru\u0308pvunyu (Western Rengma) speakers have a positive attitude toward their language, use it at home, and want their children to learn it as their first language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Rengma Literary Society""}",,,bib5230,yes -5686-location-1,5686,location,"{""Places"": [""India: central Nagaland and Assam and Manipur""]}",,,bib8246,no -5686-location-2,5686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.958, 94.2462]]}",,,bib5307,no -5686-location-3,5686,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in Nagaland, Manipur and Karbia Anglong, Assam in India.""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.298275, 93.655055]]}",,,bib5230,yes -5686-speaker_number-1,5686,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"21,000 speakers estimated in (2007)",bib466,no -5686-speakers-1,5686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"21,000 speakers estimated in (2007)",bib466,no -5686-speaker_number-2,5686,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5230,yes -5686-speakers-2,5686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5230,yes -5686-LEI-1,5686,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -5686-vitality-1,5686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no -5686-LEI-2,5686,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5230,yes -5686-transmission-2,5686,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5230,yes -5686-domains_of_use-2,5686,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5230,yes -5686-speaker_number_trends-2,5686,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5230,yes -5686-vitality-2,5686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5230,yes -5687-context-1,5687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib8246,yes -5687-location-1,5687,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Khotan and Bhojpur""]}",,,bib8246,yes -5687-location-2,5687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.257, 86.9444]]}",,,bib5307,no +5685-speaker_number-1,5685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5685-speakers-1,5685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5685-speaker_number-2,5685,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6776,yes +5685-speakers-2,5685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6776,yes +5685-LEI-1,5685,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5685-vitality-1,5685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5685-LEI-2,5685,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5685-domains_of_use-2,5685,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5685-vitality-2,5685,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,yes +5686-context-1,5686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Assamese, Nagamese"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Teru\u0308pvunyu (Western Rengma) speakers have a positive attitude toward their language, use it at home, and want their children to learn it as their first language."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Rengma Literary Society""}",,,bib5253,yes +5686-location-1,5686,location,"{""Places"": [""India: central Nagaland and Assam and Manipur""]}",,,bib8271,no +5686-location-2,5686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.958, 94.2462]]}",,,bib5330,no +5686-location-3,5686,location,"{""Places"": [""Spoken in Nagaland, Manipur and Karbia Anglong, Assam in India.""], ""Coordinates"": [[26.298275, 93.655055]]}",,,bib5253,yes +5686-speaker_number-1,5686,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"21,000 speakers estimated in (2007)",bib468,no +5686-speakers-1,5686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"21,000 speakers estimated in (2007)",bib468,no +5686-speaker_number-2,5686,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5253,yes +5686-speakers-2,5686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,328"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5253,yes +5686-LEI-1,5686,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +5686-vitality-1,5686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no +5686-LEI-2,5686,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5253,yes +5686-transmission-2,5686,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5253,yes +5686-domains_of_use-2,5686,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5253,yes +5686-speaker_number_trends-2,5686,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5253,yes +5686-vitality-2,5686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5253,yes +5687-context-1,5687,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib8271,yes +5687-location-1,5687,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal: Khotan and Bhojpur""]}",,,bib8271,yes +5687-location-2,5687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.257, 86.9444]]}",,,bib5330,no 5687-location-3,5687,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no -5687-location-4,5687,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Patheka, Baspani, Khartamchha and Phedi VDCs of Khotang district of east Nepal""}",,,bib6098,no -5687-speaker_number-1,5687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5687-speakers-1,5687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5687-location-4,5687,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Patheka, Baspani, Khartamchha and Phedi VDCs of Khotang district of east Nepal""}",,,bib6122,no +5687-speaker_number-1,5687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5687-speakers-1,5687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5687-speaker_number-2,5687,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib140,no 5687-speakers-2,5687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18270"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib140,no -5687-speaker_number-3,5687,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6098,no -5687-speakers-3,5687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6098,no -5687-LEI-1,5687,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5687-transmission-1,5687,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib8246,yes -5687-vitality-1,5687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8246,yes +5687-speaker_number-3,5687,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6122,no +5687-speakers-3,5687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10810"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6122,no +5687-LEI-1,5687,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5687-transmission-1,5687,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib8271,yes +5687-vitality-1,5687,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8271,yes 5687-LEI-2,5687,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5687-vitality-2,5687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib140,no -5687-LEI-3,5687,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6098,no -5687-vitality-3,5687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6098,no -5688-location-1,5688,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""K\u0101l\u012b Ga\u1e47\u1e0dak\u012b river valley.""}",,,bib8246,yes +5687-LEI-3,5687,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6122,no +5687-vitality-3,5687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6122,no +5688-location-1,5688,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""K\u0101l\u012b Ga\u1e47\u1e0dak\u012b river valley.""}",,,bib8271,yes 5688-location-2,5688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.9166666667, 83.75]]}",,,bib216,no -5688-speaker_number-1,5688,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Closely related to Thakali and located upstream from it.,bib8246,yes -5688-speakers-1,5688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Closely related to Thakali and located upstream from it.,bib8246,yes -5688-LEI-1,5688,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5688-vitality-1,5688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5689-location-1,5689,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Kameng district""}",,,bib8246,yes +5688-speaker_number-1,5688,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Closely related to Thakali and located upstream from it.,bib8271,yes +5688-speakers-1,5688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Closely related to Thakali and located upstream from it.,bib8271,yes +5688-LEI-1,5688,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5688-vitality-1,5688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5689-location-1,5689,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Kameng district""}",,,bib8271,yes 5689-location-2,5689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.0, 92.5]]}",,,bib216,no -5689-speaker_number-1,5689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken in a few villages by less than 2,000 speakers.",bib8246,yes -5689-speakers-1,5689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken in a few villages by less than 2,000 speakers.",bib8246,yes -5689-speaker_number-2,5689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Language is not Tibetan even though people are Lamaist in religion. It is an as yet unclassified Tibeto-Burman language that shares much in common with Bugun.,bib466,no -5689-speakers-2,5689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Language is not Tibetan even though people are Lamaist in religion. It is an as yet unclassified Tibeto-Burman language that shares much in common with Bugun.,bib466,no -5689-LEI-1,5689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5689-vitality-1,5689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5689-LEI-2,5689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -5689-vitality-2,5689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no -569-location-1,569,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Bousso town""}",,,bib6944,no -569-speaker_number-1,569,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Possibly now extinct.,bib1786,yes -569-speakers-1,569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Possibly now extinct.,bib1786,yes -569-speaker_number-2,569,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6944,no -569-speakers-2,569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6944,no -569-LEI-1,569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -569-vitality-1,569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -569-LEI-2,569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -569-vitality-2,569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5690-context-1,5690,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""various domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some people consider Sherpa less useful and old-fashioned, compared to Nepali."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Nepali is used in various domains such as schooling, mass media, doing business, and when talking about the modern world.",bib3034,yes -5690-location-1,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu district and around Mt. Everest.""}",,,bib8246,no -5690-location-2,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib6786,no -5690-location-3,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""China"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""\""various dialects of Sherpa are spoken in northeastern Nepal from the districts of Dolkha and Ramechap in the eastern part of the central region of the country to the most northeastern district of Taplejung... also some speakers in the district of Bhojpur, which is southeast of the Solukhumbu\ndistrict.\"" (p.2)""}",,,bib3034,yes +5689-speaker_number-1,5689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Spoken in a few villages by less than 2,000 speakers.",bib8271,yes +5689-speakers-1,5689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Spoken in a few villages by less than 2,000 speakers.",bib8271,yes +5689-speaker_number-2,5689,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Language is not Tibetan even though people are Lamaist in religion. It is an as yet unclassified Tibeto-Burman language that shares much in common with Bugun.,bib468,no +5689-speakers-2,5689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Language is not Tibetan even though people are Lamaist in religion. It is an as yet unclassified Tibeto-Burman language that shares much in common with Bugun.,bib468,no +5689-LEI-1,5689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5689-vitality-1,5689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5689-LEI-2,5689,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +5689-vitality-2,5689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no +569-location-1,569,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Bousso town""}",,,bib6968,no +569-speaker_number-1,569,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Possibly now extinct.,bib1798,yes +569-speakers-1,569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Possibly now extinct.,bib1798,yes +569-speaker_number-2,569,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6968,no +569-speakers-2,569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6968,no +569-LEI-1,569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +569-vitality-1,569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +569-LEI-2,569,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +569-vitality-2,569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5690-context-1,5690,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""various domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Some people consider Sherpa less useful and old-fashioned, compared to Nepali."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,"Nepali is used in various domains such as schooling, mass media, doing business, and when talking about the modern world.",bib3048,yes +5690-location-1,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Solukhumbu district and around Mt. Everest.""}",,,bib8271,no +5690-location-2,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib6810,no +5690-location-3,5690,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal"", ""China"", ""India""], ""Description"": ""\""various dialects of Sherpa are spoken in northeastern Nepal from the districts of Dolkha and Ramechap in the eastern part of the central region of the country to the most northeastern district of Taplejung... also some speakers in the district of Bhojpur, which is southeast of the Solukhumbu\ndistrict.\"" (p.2)""}",,,bib3048,yes 5690-location-4,5690,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.75, 86.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5690-speaker_number-1,5690,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5690-speakers-1,5690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5690-speaker_number-2,5690,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3034,yes -5690-speakers-2,5690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000 ~ 70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3034,yes -5690-LEI-1,5690,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5690-transmission-1,5690,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib8246,no -5690-vitality-1,5690,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8246,no -5690-LEI-2,5690,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3034,yes -5690-transmission-2,5690,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3034,yes -5690-domains_of_use-2,5690,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3034,yes -5690-speaker_number_trends-2,5690,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3034,yes -5690-vitality-2,5690,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3034,yes -5691-location-1,5691,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Siang district, left bank of Siang river.""}",,,bib8246,yes -5691-location-2,5691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5307,no -5691-speaker_number-1,5691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5691-speakers-1,5691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5691-LEI-1,5691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5691-vitality-1,5691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5692-location-1,5692,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Manipur state""}",,,bib8246,no -5692-location-2,5692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1968, 93.3563]]}",,,bib5307,no +5690-speaker_number-1,5690,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5690-speakers-1,5690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5690-speaker_number-2,5690,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3048,yes +5690-speakers-2,5690,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000 ~ 70,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3048,yes +5690-LEI-1,5690,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5690-transmission-1,5690,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib8271,no +5690-vitality-1,5690,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib8271,no +5690-LEI-2,5690,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3048,yes +5690-transmission-2,5690,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3048,yes +5690-domains_of_use-2,5690,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3048,yes +5690-speaker_number_trends-2,5690,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3048,yes +5690-vitality-2,5690,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Sherpa who live in the urban areas have shifted to Nepali though the Sherpa language is actively used in the Sherpa homeland, the Himalayan mountains.",bib3048,yes +5691-location-1,5691,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Siang district, left bank of Siang river.""}",,,bib8271,yes +5691-location-2,5691,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5330,no +5691-speaker_number-1,5691,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5691-speakers-1,5691,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5691-LEI-1,5691,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5691-vitality-1,5691,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5692-location-1,5692,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southwestern Manipur state""}",,,bib8271,no +5692-location-2,5692,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1968, 93.3563]]}",,,bib5330,no 5692-location-3,5692,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Manipur, Churachandpur district, Mingjang, Tubuong, Simveng, New Bazar, Thanlon, Leikangpai, Zouthang, Shumtuk, Monjon, Pamjal, Sasinoujang, Tallian, Dumsao, Khungung, Lungthul, Singhat, Moijin, Maokot, Suangdai, and Suangpuhmun.""}",,,bib69,no -5692-speakers-1,5692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,,bib8246,no +5692-speakers-1,5692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,,bib8271,no 5692-speaker_number-2,5692,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,census,bib69,no 5692-speakers-2,5692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,census,bib69,no -5692-speaker_number-3,5692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,150 speakers according to 2001 census",bib466,yes -5692-speakers-3,5692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,150 speakers according to 2001 census",bib466,yes +5692-speaker_number-3,5692,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,150 speakers according to 2001 census",bib468,yes +5692-speakers-3,5692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,150 speakers according to 2001 census",bib468,yes 5692-LEI-1,5692,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 5692-vitality-1,5692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -5692-LEI-2,5692,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,yes -5692-vitality-2,5692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,yes -5693-location-1,5693,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh state, along Tibetan borders""}",,,bib8246,no -5693-location-2,5693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.2871, 78.2652]]}",,,bib5307,no -5693-speaker_number-1,5693,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 speakers estimated in (2000)",bib466,yes -5693-speakers-1,5693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 speakers estimated in (2000)",bib466,yes -5693-LEI-1,5693,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,yes -5693-vitality-1,5693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,yes -5694-context-1,5694,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1108,no +5692-LEI-2,5692,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,yes +5692-vitality-2,5692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,yes +5693-location-1,5693,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Himachal Pradesh state, along Tibetan borders""}",,,bib8271,no +5693-location-2,5693,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.2871, 78.2652]]}",,,bib5330,no +5693-speaker_number-1,5693,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 speakers estimated in (2000)",bib468,yes +5693-speakers-1,5693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 speakers estimated in (2000)",bib468,yes +5693-LEI-1,5693,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,yes +5693-vitality-1,5693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,yes +5694-context-1,5694,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib1117,no 5694-context-2,5694,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bhujel; Tamang; Nepali"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib68,yes -5694-location-1,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Likhu and Khimti river valleys""}",,,bib8246,no -5694-location-2,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3485, 86.2337]]}",,,bib5307,no -5694-location-3,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""eastern Nepal, in the districts of Okhal\u1e0dh\u016b\u1e45g\u0101 and R\u0101mech\u0101p""}",,,bib1108,no +5694-location-1,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Likhu and Khimti river valleys""}",,,bib8271,no +5694-location-2,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.3485, 86.2337]]}",,,bib5330,no +5694-location-3,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""eastern Nepal, in the districts of Okhal\u1e0dh\u016b\u1e45g\u0101 and R\u0101mech\u0101p""}",,,bib1117,no 5694-location-4,5694,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Janakpur Zone, Ramechhap, Dolakha districts, east hills; Sagarmatha Zone, northwest Okhaldhunga district.""}",,,bib68,yes -5694-speakers-1,5694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000""}",,"Spoken by a dwindling minority of the 30,000 ethnic Sunwar.",bib8246,no -5694-speaker_number-2,5694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1108,no -5694-speakers-2,5694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1108,no +5694-speakers-1,5694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30,000""}",,"Spoken by a dwindling minority of the 30,000 ethnic Sunwar.",bib8271,no +5694-speaker_number-2,5694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1117,no +5694-speakers-2,5694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1117,no 5694-speaker_number-3,5694,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Very few speakers are monolingual in Sunwar.,bib68,yes 5694-speakers-3,5694,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""95,300 (2001 census)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,611 (2001 census)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Very few speakers are monolingual in Sunwar.,bib68,yes -5694-LEI-1,5694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1108,no -5694-vitality-1,5694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1108,no +5694-LEI-1,5694,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1117,no +5694-vitality-1,5694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1117,no 5694-LEI-2,5694,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Mixed use: Home, friends, religion, work. Adolescents and older. Some use among children. Language is passed down to children only in village areas (Toba, Toba, and Rai 2002)"" Younger people use Nepali [npi] for trade and official purposes with low proficiency (1998 SIL).",bib68,yes @@ -56704,161 +56908,161 @@ Younger people use Nepali [npi] for trade and official purposes with low profici 5694-vitality-2,5694,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""Mixed use: Home, friends, religion, work. Adolescents and older. Some use among children. Language is passed down to children only in village areas (Toba, Toba, and Rai 2002)"" Younger people use Nepali [npi] for trade and official purposes with low proficiency (1998 SIL).",bib68,yes -5695-location-1,5695,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dolakh\u0101 district""}",,,bib8246,yes -5695-location-2,5695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6969, 86.3058]]}",,,bib5307,no -5695-speaker_number-1,5695,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken in only one village by a few hundred people.,bib8246,yes -5695-speakers-1,5695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken in only one village by a few hundred people.,bib8246,yes -5695-LEI-1,5695,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5695-vitality-1,5695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5696-location-1,5696,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunchal Pradesh, Subansiri and West Siang""]}",,,bib8246,yes +5695-location-1,5695,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Dolakh\u0101 district""}",,,bib8271,yes +5695-location-2,5695,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.6969, 86.3058]]}",,,bib5330,no +5695-speaker_number-1,5695,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken in only one village by a few hundred people.,bib8271,yes +5695-speakers-1,5695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken in only one village by a few hundred people.,bib8271,yes +5695-LEI-1,5695,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5695-vitality-1,5695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5696-location-1,5696,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Arunchal Pradesh, Subansiri and West Siang""]}",,,bib8271,yes 5696-location-2,5696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5, 94.0]]}",,,bib67,no -5696-speaker_number-1,5696,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5696-speakers-1,5696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5696-speaker_number-1,5696,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5696-speakers-1,5696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5696-speaker_number-2,5696,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5696-speakers-2,5696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5696-LEI-1,5696,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5696-vitality-1,5696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5696-LEI-1,5696,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5696-vitality-1,5696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5696-LEI-2,5696,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5696-vitality-2,5696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5697-context-1,5697,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Persian, Turkish, Gilaki"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"With regard to Persian, we found very few people who could not converse with us fluently... Language attitudes to Taleshi for use in the home and as a medium for artistic expression (e.g. songs and poetry) are generally positive, However, most parents preferred their children to learn Persian, to which attitudes were positive across all generations. Most felt that a Taleshi accent was a disadvantage when looking for a job; and many reported -that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5800,no -5697-location-1,5697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran and Azerbaijan: on the Caspian littoral""]}",,,bib8246,yes +that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5824,no +5697-location-1,5697,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran and Azerbaijan: on the Caspian littoral""]}",,,bib8271,yes 5697-location-2,5697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.46, 48.63]]}",,,bib75,no -5697-location-3,5697,location,"{""Description"": ""The Talesh people live along the southern part of the Caspian Sea\u2019s west coast.""}",,,bib5800,no +5697-location-3,5697,location,"{""Description"": ""The Talesh people live along the southern part of the Caspian Sea\u2019s west coast.""}",,,bib5824,no 5697-location-4,5697,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.0, 49.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5697-location-5,5697,location,"{""Description"": ""The Talysh live in the southernmost tip of Azerbaijan, along the Iranian border, mainly in the district of Lenkoran, Astarin and partly in Lerik and Massallin.""}",,,bib213,no -5697-speaker_number-1,5697,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"112,000 speakers in Iran, 800,000 speakers in Azerbaijan",bib8246,yes -5697-speakers-1,5697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""912,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"112,000 speakers in Iran, 800,000 speakers in Azerbaijan",bib8246,yes -5697-speaker_number-2,5697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"With regard to mother-tongue speakers, while Asatrian and Borjian (2005) suggest there may be one million Taleshi speakers in Iran, Gordon’s (2005) figure of 112,000 is probably more realistic... Meanwhile, Tiessen (2003, p.11) reports close to 500,000 ethnic Talysh in Azerbaijan, including close to 400,000 in the districts of Astara, Lenkaran, Lerik, Masalli and Yardimli.",bib5800,no -5697-speakers-2,5697,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360,000-500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~112,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"With regard to mother-tongue speakers, while Asatrian and Borjian (2005) suggest there may be one million Taleshi speakers in Iran, Gordon’s (2005) figure of 112,000 is probably more realistic... Meanwhile, Tiessen (2003, p.11) reports close to 500,000 ethnic Talysh in Azerbaijan, including close to 400,000 in the districts of Astara, Lenkaran, Lerik, Masalli and Yardimli.",bib5800,no +5697-speaker_number-1,5697,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"112,000 speakers in Iran, 800,000 speakers in Azerbaijan",bib8271,yes +5697-speakers-1,5697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""912,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"112,000 speakers in Iran, 800,000 speakers in Azerbaijan",bib8271,yes +5697-speaker_number-2,5697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"With regard to mother-tongue speakers, while Asatrian and Borjian (2005) suggest there may be one million Taleshi speakers in Iran, Gordon’s (2005) figure of 112,000 is probably more realistic... Meanwhile, Tiessen (2003, p.11) reports close to 500,000 ethnic Talysh in Azerbaijan, including close to 400,000 in the districts of Astara, Lenkaran, Lerik, Masalli and Yardimli.",bib5824,no +5697-speakers-2,5697,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""360,000-500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~112,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"With regard to mother-tongue speakers, while Asatrian and Borjian (2005) suggest there may be one million Taleshi speakers in Iran, Gordon’s (2005) figure of 112,000 is probably more realistic... Meanwhile, Tiessen (2003, p.11) reports close to 500,000 ethnic Talysh in Azerbaijan, including close to 400,000 in the districts of Astara, Lenkaran, Lerik, Masalli and Yardimli.",bib5824,no 5697-speaker_number-3,5697,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 5697-speakers-3,5697,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1959"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no -5697-LEI-1,5697,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5697-vitality-1,5697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5697-LEI-2,5697,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5800,no -5697-transmission-2,5697,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5800,no -5697-vitality-2,5697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5800,no +5697-LEI-1,5697,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5697-vitality-1,5697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5697-LEI-2,5697,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5824,no +5697-transmission-2,5697,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5824,no +5697-vitality-2,5697,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Almost all Talesh we asked felt that only the older generation now spoke really pure Taleshi... Even among this section of the population we found that Persian had had a big impact, especially on the lexicon; and the further south we went in the Talesh region, the more marked this impact was... Only a handful of parents reported speaking Taleshi consistently to their children: three fathers in Asalem and one in Masule (out of thirty questioned). Parents repeatedly explained to us that they preferred to speak Persian to their children [and] we observed that children generally replied in Persian to their parents even if the latter spoke to them in Taleshi... Taleshi remains the dominant language in informal domains for many aged 25 and over, albeit mixed with a high volume of Persian and/or Turkish loanwords in many areas. Taleshi is mostly spoken by middle-aged and older people. The younger generation (0-25 years) are experiencing language shift to Persian (with some shift to Turkish in private domains north of Asalem), although this process is neither complete nor ubiquitous.",bib5824,no 5697-LEI-3,5697,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 5697-vitality-3,5697,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no 570-location-1,570,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""Ouadda\u00ef region: Sila department, Fongoro canton; Dar Fongoro area along Sudan border.""}",,,bib69,yes -570-location-2,570,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.1029, 22.7197]]}",,,bib5307,no -570-speakers-1,570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1786,no +570-location-2,570,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.1029, 22.7197]]}",,,bib5330,no +570-speakers-1,570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1798,no 570-speaker_number-2,570,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""A few elderly speakers"" (Dimmendaal and Voeltz 2007).",bib69,yes 570-speakers-2,570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""A few elderly speakers"" (Dimmendaal and Voeltz 2007).",bib69,yes -570-speaker_number-3,570,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -570-speakers-3,570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -570-LEI-1,570,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1786,no -570-vitality-1,570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1786,no +570-speaker_number-3,570,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +570-speakers-3,570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +570-LEI-1,570,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1798,no +570-vitality-1,570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1798,no 570-LEI-2,570,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 570-transmission-2,570,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib69,yes 570-vitality-2,570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib69,yes -570-LEI-3,570,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -570-vitality-3,570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5700-location-1,5700,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, between Delei, Lati, Kharem, and Digaru""}",,,bib8246,yes +570-LEI-3,570,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +570-vitality-3,570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5700-location-1,5700,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, between Delei, Lati, Kharem, and Digaru""}",,,bib8271,yes 5700-location-2,5700,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.4166666667, 96.0]]}",,,bib216,no -5700-speaker_number-1,5700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5700-speakers-1,5700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5700-LEI-1,5700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5700-vitality-1,5700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5702-context-1,5702,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8246,yes -5702-location-1,5702,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur state""}",,,bib8246,yes -5702-location-2,5702,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar and India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur in India, and Chin Hills of Myanmar""}",,,bib3299,no +5700-speaker_number-1,5700,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5700-speakers-1,5700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5700-LEI-1,5700,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5700-vitality-1,5700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5702-context-1,5702,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8271,yes +5702-location-1,5702,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur state""}",,,bib8271,yes +5702-location-2,5702,location,"{""Places"": [""Myanmar and India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur in India, and Chin Hills of Myanmar""}",,,bib3315,no 5702-location-3,5702,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4166666667, 93.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5702-speakers-1,5702,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib8246,yes -5702-speakers-2,5702,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""190,595"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census (India)""}",,,bib3299,no -5702-LEI-1,5702,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -5702-speaker_number_trends-1,5702,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -5702-vitality-1,5702,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -5703-location-1,5703,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""K\u0101l\u012b Ga\u1e47\u1e0dak\u012b river valley.""}",,,bib8246,yes +5702-speakers-1,5702,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,,bib8271,yes +5702-speakers-2,5702,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""190,595"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census (India)""}",,,bib3315,no +5702-LEI-1,5702,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +5702-speaker_number_trends-1,5702,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +5702-vitality-1,5702,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"...rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +5703-location-1,5703,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""K\u0101l\u012b Ga\u1e47\u1e0dak\u012b river valley.""}",,,bib8271,yes 5703-location-2,5703,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib140,no 5703-location-3,5703,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Coordinates"": [[29.0, 83.75]]}",,,bib216,no -5703-speaker_number-1,5703,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8246,yes -5703-speakers-1,5703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,113"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8246,yes +5703-speaker_number-1,5703,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8271,yes +5703-speakers-1,5703,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,113"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8271,yes 5703-speaker_number-2,5703,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib140,no 5703-speakers-2,5703,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13215"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5242"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib140,no -5703-LEI-1,5703,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5703-vitality-1,5703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5703-LEI-1,5703,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5703-vitality-1,5703,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5703-LEI-2,5703,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib140,no 5703-speaker_number_trends-2,5703,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib140,no 5703-vitality-2,5703,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib140,no -5704-location-1,5704,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Mizoram state (India).""}",,,bib7525,no +5704-location-1,5704,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Burma""], ""Description"": ""Mizoram state (India).""}",,,bib7550,no 5704-location-2,5704,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[23.3333333333, 93.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5704-speaker_number-1,5704,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Speakers number over 100,000.",bib466,yes -5704-speakers-1,5704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Speakers number over 100,000.",bib466,yes -5704-LEI-1,5704,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vulnerable it might be considered. ,bib466,yes -5704-vitality-1,5704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vulnerable it might be considered. ,bib466,yes -5706-context-1,5706,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei; Hindi; English""}",,,bib7089,yes -5706-location-1,5706,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam and southern Manipur""]}",,,bib8246,no -5706-location-2,5706,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""The Vaipheis are scattered in different geographical regions of North East India. Today, majority of the speakers are found in Churachandpur district though many of them are also found in other district of Manipur. They are also found in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland. The speakers of the language are also found in the Chin Hills of Myanmar along with other closely correlated Kuki-Chin languages.\"" (p. 94-95)""}",,,bib7089,yes +5704-speaker_number-1,5704,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Speakers number over 100,000.",bib468,yes +5704-speakers-1,5704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Speakers number over 100,000.",bib468,yes +5704-LEI-1,5704,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vulnerable it might be considered. ,bib468,yes +5704-vitality-1,5704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Vulnerable it might be considered. ,bib468,yes +5706-context-1,5706,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei; Hindi; English""}",,,bib7113,yes +5706-location-1,5706,location,"{""Places"": [""India: Assam and southern Manipur""]}",,,bib8271,no +5706-location-2,5706,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""\""The Vaipheis are scattered in different geographical regions of North East India. Today, majority of the speakers are found in Churachandpur district though many of them are also found in other district of Manipur. They are also found in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland. The speakers of the language are also found in the Chin Hills of Myanmar along with other closely correlated Kuki-Chin languages.\"" (p. 94-95)""}",,,bib7113,yes 5706-location-3,5706,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.14, 93.72]]}",,,bib75,no -5706-speaker_number-1,5706,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,no -5706-speakers-1,5706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,no -5706-speaker_number-2,5706,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7089,yes -5706-speakers-2,5706,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39,673"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<39,673?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7089,yes -5706-LEI-1,5706,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,no -5706-vitality-1,5706,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,no -5706-LEI-2,5706,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7089,yes -5706-transmission-2,5706,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7089,yes -5706-domains_of_use-2,5706,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7089,yes -5706-speaker_number_trends-2,5706,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7089,yes -5706-vitality-2,5706,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7089,yes -5707-location-1,5707,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Confluence of Dudhkosi and Sunkosi rivers.""}",,,bib8246,yes +5706-speaker_number-1,5706,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,no +5706-speakers-1,5706,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,no +5706-speaker_number-2,5706,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7113,yes +5706-speakers-2,5706,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39,673"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<39,673?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 census"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7113,yes +5706-LEI-1,5706,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,no +5706-vitality-1,5706,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,no +5706-LEI-2,5706,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7113,yes +5706-transmission-2,5706,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7113,yes +5706-domains_of_use-2,5706,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7113,yes +5706-speaker_number_trends-2,5706,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7113,yes +5706-vitality-2,5706,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The Vaipheis use their mother tongue at home and at this domain, the use of any other languages is not encouraged. Religion is another domain that demands or favors the use of mother tongue. All kinds of religious activities are conducted in Vaiphhei. A daily vernacular newspaper and several church articles are also published. Public speeches and any kind of meetings of Vaiphei associations and organizations are always conducted in the mother tongue. Political speeches are also delivered in Vaiphei. In other circumstances where interaction takes place between the Vaiphei and non-Vaiphei, apart from the mutually intelligible languages, the common language used by them is Meitei or Meiteilon. Sometimes Hindi or English are also used."" (p. 101-102)",bib7113,yes +5707-location-1,5707,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Confluence of Dudhkosi and Sunkosi rivers.""}",,,bib8271,yes 5707-location-2,5707,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.25, 85.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -5707-speaker_number-1,5707,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The two Chaurasiya languages have a total of 15,000 speakers.",bib8246,yes -5707-speakers-1,5707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The two Chaurasiya languages have a total of 15,000 speakers.",bib8246,yes -5707-LEI-1,5707,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5707-vitality-1,5707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -5708-location-1,5708,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Tirap district.""}",,,bib8246,yes -5708-location-2,5708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9759, 95.4656]]}",,,bib5307,no -5708-speaker_number-1,5708,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -5708-speakers-1,5708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -5708-LEI-1,5708,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -5708-vitality-1,5708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes +5707-speaker_number-1,5707,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The two Chaurasiya languages have a total of 15,000 speakers.",bib8271,yes +5707-speakers-1,5707,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The two Chaurasiya languages have a total of 15,000 speakers.",bib8271,yes +5707-LEI-1,5707,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5707-vitality-1,5707,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +5708-location-1,5708,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, Tirap district.""}",,,bib8271,yes +5708-location-2,5708,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[26.9759, 95.4656]]}",,,bib5330,no +5708-speaker_number-1,5708,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +5708-speakers-1,5708,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +5708-LEI-1,5708,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +5708-vitality-1,5708,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes 5709-context-1,5709,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Hindi [hin], Naga Pidgin [nag]""}",,,bib69,yes -5709-context-2,5709,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Hindi [hin]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive attitude to the language.""}",,,bib6562,no -5709-location-1,5709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9629, 94.9713]]}",,,bib5307,no +5709-context-2,5709,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng], Hindi [hin]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive attitude to the language.""}",,,bib6586,no +5709-location-1,5709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9629, 94.9713]]}",,,bib5330,no 5709-location-2,5709,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""North Nagaland, Tuensang district, between Namchik and Patkoi.""}",,,bib69,yes -5709-location-3,5709,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland state""}",,,bib7525,no +5709-location-3,5709,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland state""}",,,bib7550,no 5709-speaker_number-1,5709,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,census,bib69,yes 5709-speakers-1,5709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""92,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,census,bib69,yes -5709-speaker_number-3,5709,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6562,no -5709-speakers-3,5709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~92,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6562,no +5709-speaker_number-3,5709,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6586,no +5709-speakers-3,5709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~92,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6586,no 5709-LEI-1,5709,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 5709-vitality-1,5709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -5709-LEI-4,5709,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6562,no -5709-transmission-4,5709,transmission,0,transmission-0,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6562,no -5709-domains_of_use-4,5709,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6562,no -5709-speaker_number_trends-4,5709,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6562,no -5709-vitality-4,5709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6562,no -571-context-1,571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nancere, Kabalay""}",,"Younger people shifting to Nancere, Kabalay",bib1786,no -571-location-1,571,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""A cluster of three villages located on the Logone River, in the East Tandjil\u00e9 prefecture of southern Chad.""}",,,bib6314,yes -571-location-2,571,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.4761, 16.2652]]}",,,bib5307,no -571-speaker_number-1,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken only by older people in three villages,bib1786,no -571-speakers-1,571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken only by older people in three villages,bib1786,no -571-speaker_number-2,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6314,yes -571-speakers-2,571,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20-30""}",,,bib6314,yes -571-speaker_number-3,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -571-speakers-3,571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -571-LEI-1,571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -571-transmission-1,571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1786,no -571-vitality-1,571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1786,no -571-LEI-2,571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6314,yes -571-transmission-2,571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6314,yes -571-vitality-2,571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6314,yes -571-LEI-3,571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -571-vitality-3,571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5710-context-1,5710,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with non-community members""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Using Nepali exclusively with the children was also very fashionable for a long time among the families who had managed to settle in Kathmandu or temporarily in India... But in the last ten years or so this trend has been reversed a bit. More and more Yohlmos have become aware how closely their personal and group identity is linked with their language; therefore children are now encouraged to learn and use Yohlmo."" (p. 6-7)",bib3310,yes -5710-location-1,5710,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Helamb\u016b area""}",,,bib8246,no -5710-location-2,5710,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""north of Kathmandu, between Kathmandu and the L\u0101ng\u0256\u0101ng peak and spreads somewhat eastwards. Politically it falls into the western part of Sindhup\u0101lchok District and spills over into the eastern part of Nuw\u0101ko\u0288 District. Both these districts fall into the B\u0101gmati Zone.\"" (p.3-4)""}",,,bib3310,yes +5709-LEI-4,5709,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6586,no +5709-transmission-4,5709,transmission,0,transmission-0,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6586,no +5709-domains_of_use-4,5709,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6586,no +5709-speaker_number_trends-4,5709,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6586,no +5709-vitality-4,5709,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Level of education influences use of Yimchungru outside of the home. English sole language in educational domain.,bib6586,no +571-context-1,571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nancere, Kabalay""}",,"Younger people shifting to Nancere, Kabalay",bib1798,no +571-location-1,571,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""A cluster of three villages located on the Logone River, in the East Tandjil\u00e9 prefecture of southern Chad.""}",,,bib6338,yes +571-location-2,571,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[9.4761, 16.2652]]}",,,bib5330,no +571-speaker_number-1,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Spoken only by older people in three villages,bib1798,no +571-speakers-1,571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Spoken only by older people in three villages,bib1798,no +571-speaker_number-2,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6338,yes +571-speakers-2,571,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20-30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""20-30""}",,,bib6338,yes +571-speaker_number-3,571,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +571-speakers-3,571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +571-LEI-1,571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +571-transmission-1,571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1798,no +571-vitality-1,571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1798,no +571-LEI-2,571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6338,yes +571-transmission-2,571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6338,yes +571-vitality-2,571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6338,yes +571-LEI-3,571,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +571-vitality-3,571,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5710-context-1,5710,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""official domains or with non-community members""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"""Using Nepali exclusively with the children was also very fashionable for a long time among the families who had managed to settle in Kathmandu or temporarily in India... But in the last ten years or so this trend has been reversed a bit. More and more Yohlmos have become aware how closely their personal and group identity is linked with their language; therefore children are now encouraged to learn and use Yohlmo."" (p. 6-7)",bib3326,yes +5710-location-1,5710,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Helamb\u016b area""}",,,bib8271,no +5710-location-2,5710,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""\""north of Kathmandu, between Kathmandu and the L\u0101ng\u0256\u0101ng peak and spreads somewhat eastwards. Politically it falls into the western part of Sindhup\u0101lchok District and spills over into the eastern part of Nuw\u0101ko\u0288 District. Both these districts fall into the B\u0101gmati Zone.\"" (p.3-4)""}",,,bib3326,yes 5710-location-3,5710,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.92, 85.63]]}",,,bib75,no -5710-speakers-1,5710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,Number of speakers unknown; endangered.,bib8246,no -5710-speaker_number-2,5710,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Only people living in the main area of Yohlmo were included in the survey by the Yohlmo Foundation.,bib3310,yes -5710-speakers-2,5710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9842"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (by the Yohlmo Foundation)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Only people living in the main area of Yohlmo were included in the survey by the Yohlmo Foundation.,bib3310,yes -5710-LEI-1,5710,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3310,yes -5710-transmission-1,5710,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3310,yes -5710-domains_of_use-1,5710,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3310,yes -5710-speaker_number_trends-1,5710,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3310,yes -5710-vitality-1,5710,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3310,yes +5710-speakers-1,5710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,Number of speakers unknown; endangered.,bib8271,no +5710-speaker_number-2,5710,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Only people living in the main area of Yohlmo were included in the survey by the Yohlmo Foundation.,bib3326,yes +5710-speakers-2,5710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9842"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (by the Yohlmo Foundation)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Only people living in the main area of Yohlmo were included in the survey by the Yohlmo Foundation.,bib3326,yes +5710-LEI-1,5710,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3326,yes +5710-transmission-1,5710,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3326,yes +5710-domains_of_use-1,5710,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3326,yes +5710-speaker_number_trends-1,5710,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3326,yes +5710-vitality-1,5710,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""In the homes of Yohlmo in the villages of the Yohlmo area Yohlmo is still the dominant language. Outside the home, however, some especially he men, prefer to use Nepal.... some of the younger families in the villages used Nepali as much as possible with their young children, so that they would not be at a disadvantage in school. But in the religious and cultural context Yohlmo is preferred."" (p. 6)",bib3326,yes 5711-speaker_number-1,5711,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,yes 5711-speakers-1,5711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,yes 5711-LEI-1,5711,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes @@ -56867,77 +57071,77 @@ that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5800,no 5712-speakers-1,5712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 5712-LEI-1,5712,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 5712-vitality-1,5712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes -572-context-1,572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadic Arabic""}",,,bib1786,yes -572-location-1,572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4261, 19.0145]]}",,,bib5307,no -572-speaker_number-1,572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -572-speakers-1,572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -572-speaker_number-2,572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -572-speakers-2,572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -572-LEI-1,572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,May still be known by children in one village.,bib1786,yes -572-vitality-1,572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,May still be known by children in one village.,bib1786,yes -572-LEI-2,572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -572-vitality-2,572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5725-context-1,5725,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu""}",,,bib7937,yes -5725-location-1,5725,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.38347818, 136.7522892]]}",,,bib1182,no +572-context-1,572,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadic Arabic""}",,,bib1798,yes +572-location-1,572,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.4261, 19.0145]]}",,,bib5330,no +572-speaker_number-1,572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +572-speakers-1,572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +572-speaker_number-2,572,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +572-speakers-2,572,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +572-LEI-1,572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,May still be known by children in one village.,bib1798,yes +572-vitality-1,572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,May still be known by children in one village.,bib1798,yes +572-LEI-2,572,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +572-vitality-2,572,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5725-context-1,5725,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Djambarrpuyngu""}",,,bib7962,yes +5725-location-1,5725,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.38347818, 136.7522892]]}",,,bib1191,no 5725-location-2,5725,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 5725-speaker_number-1,5725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5725-speakers-1,5725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 5725-speaker_number-2,5725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 5725-speakers-2,5725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""276"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -5725-speaker_number-3,5725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7937,yes -5725-speakers-3,5725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7937,yes +5725-speaker_number-3,5725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7962,yes +5725-speakers-3,5725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7962,yes 5725-speaker_number-4,5725,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983). ""200 in Gaalpu, 150 in Wangurri.""",bib67,no 5725-speakers-4,5725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from Black (1983). ""200 in Gaalpu, 150 in Wangurri.""",bib67,no 5725-LEI-1,5725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5725-vitality-1,5725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5725-LEI-2,5725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5725-vitality-2,5725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5725-LEI-3,5725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5725-vitality-3,5725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes +5725-LEI-3,5725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5725-vitality-3,5725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes 5725-LEI-4,5725,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5725-vitality-4,5725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5726-location-1,5726,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.58486621, 139.0862193]]}",,,bib1182,no +5726-location-1,5726,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.58486621, 139.0862193]]}",,,bib1191,no 5726-location-2,5726,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Australia, Leigh creek.""]}",,,bib68,no 5726-speaker_number-2,5726,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5726-speakers-2,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5726-speaker_number-3,5726,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,1 speaker of Thirarri variety.,bib7422,yes -5726-speakers-3,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,1 speaker of Thirarri variety.,bib7422,yes +5726-speaker_number-3,5726,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,1 speaker of Thirarri variety.,bib7446,yes +5726-speakers-3,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,1 speaker of Thirarri variety.,bib7446,yes 5726-speakers-4,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,,bib68,no -5726-speaker_number-5,5726,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -5726-speakers-5,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no +5726-speaker_number-5,5726,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +5726-speakers-5,5726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1-2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no 5726-LEI-1,5726,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5726-vitality-1,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5726-LEI-2,5726,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -5726-vitality-2,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes +5726-LEI-2,5726,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +5726-vitality-2,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes 5726-LEI-3,5726,LEI,Dormant,,,bib68,no 5726-vitality-3,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,no -5726-LEI-4,5726,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5726-vitality-4,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -5727-location-1,5727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.3987, 152.345]]}",,,bib1182,no -5727-speakers-1,5727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7937,yes -5727-LEI-1,5727,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7937,yes -5727-vitality-1,5727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7937,yes -573-context-1,573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maba, Masalit""}",,,bib1786,yes -573-location-1,573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6299, 21.5771]]}",,,bib5307,no -573-speaker_number-1,573,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -573-speakers-1,573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes -573-speaker_number-2,573,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -573-speakers-2,573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,859"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -573-LEI-1,573,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Used] only in the home,bib1786,yes -573-domains_of_use-1,573,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,[Used] only in the home,bib1786,yes -573-vitality-1,573,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,[Used] only in the home,bib1786,yes -573-LEI-2,573,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -573-vitality-2,573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -574-context-1,574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic, Fania"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Majority bilingual in Shuwa Arabic or Fania.,bib1786,yes -574-location-1,574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8575, 18.1315]]}",,,bib5307,no -574-speaker_number-1,574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -574-speakers-1,574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -574-speaker_number-2,574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -574-speakers-2,574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -574-LEI-1,574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -574-vitality-1,574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -574-LEI-2,574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -574-vitality-2,574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5726-LEI-4,5726,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5726-vitality-4,5726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +5727-location-1,5727,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.3987, 152.345]]}",,,bib1191,no +5727-speakers-1,5727,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""2""}",,,bib7962,yes +5727-LEI-1,5727,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7962,yes +5727-vitality-1,5727,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7962,yes +573-context-1,573,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Maba, Masalit""}",,,bib1798,yes +573-location-1,573,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.6299, 21.5771]]}",,,bib5330,no +573-speaker_number-1,573,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +573-speakers-1,573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes +573-speaker_number-2,573,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +573-speakers-2,573,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,859"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +573-LEI-1,573,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,[Used] only in the home,bib1798,yes +573-domains_of_use-1,573,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,[Used] only in the home,bib1798,yes +573-vitality-1,573,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,[Used] only in the home,bib1798,yes +573-LEI-2,573,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +573-vitality-2,573,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +574-context-1,574,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic, Fania"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Majority bilingual in Shuwa Arabic or Fania.,bib1798,yes +574-location-1,574,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.8575, 18.1315]]}",,,bib5330,no +574-speaker_number-1,574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +574-speakers-1,574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +574-speaker_number-2,574,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +574-speakers-2,574,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +574-LEI-1,574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +574-vitality-1,574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +574-LEI-2,574,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +574-vitality-2,574,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5745-location-1,5745,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.77, 135.91]]}",,,bib75,no 5745-location-2,5745,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""]}",,,bib67,yes 5745-speaker_number-1,5745,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no @@ -56948,40 +57152,40 @@ that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5800,no 5745-vitality-1,5745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5745-LEI-2,5745,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5745-vitality-2,5745,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -575-location-1,575,location,"{""Description"": ""Kujarge was first reported by Doornbos and Bender (1983:59\u201360) with a 100-word list, and this remains the only known sighting of the language. It is based on reports by Doornbos (1981), who met speakers on two different occasions in 1981 near Foro Boranga, on the Sudan side of the Chad-Sudan border. The informant reported that the language is spoken in seven villages in Chad, near Jebel Mirra (11\u00b045\u2019 N, 22\u00b015\u2019 E) and scattered among the Fur and Sinyar in the lower Wadi Azum valley.""}",,,bib3266,yes -575-location-2,575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.749, 22.2431]]}",,,bib5307,no -575-speaker_number-2,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1786,no -575-speakers-2,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1786,no -575-speaker_number-3,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The only published data are in a 100-word list in Doornbos and Bender 1983, which was taken from a 200-word list obtained by Paul Doornbos. The full 200-word list has been typed up by Paul Whitehouse and is available to interested linguists (Doornbos 1981). The number of speakers was estimated at 1,000 in Doornbos and Bender 1983:59–60. Nothing further is known about its endangerment status.",bib3266,yes -575-speakers-3,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The only published data are in a 100-word list in Doornbos and Bender 1983, which was taken from a 200-word list obtained by Paul Doornbos. The full 200-word list has been typed up by Paul Whitehouse and is available to interested linguists (Doornbos 1981). The number of speakers was estimated at 1,000 in Doornbos and Bender 1983:59–60. Nothing further is known about its endangerment status.",bib3266,yes -575-speaker_number-4,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2254,no -575-speakers-4,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2254,no -575-speaker_number-5,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -575-speakers-5,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -575-LEI-1,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -575-vitality-1,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -575-LEI-2,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,yes -575-vitality-2,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,yes -575-LEI-3,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2254,no -575-vitality-3,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2254,no -575-LEI-4,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -575-vitality-4,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +575-location-1,575,location,"{""Description"": ""Kujarge was first reported by Doornbos and Bender (1983:59\u201360) with a 100-word list, and this remains the only known sighting of the language. It is based on reports by Doornbos (1981), who met speakers on two different occasions in 1981 near Foro Boranga, on the Sudan side of the Chad-Sudan border. The informant reported that the language is spoken in seven villages in Chad, near Jebel Mirra (11\u00b045\u2019 N, 22\u00b015\u2019 E) and scattered among the Fur and Sinyar in the lower Wadi Azum valley.""}",,,bib3282,yes +575-location-2,575,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.749, 22.2431]]}",,,bib5330,no +575-speaker_number-2,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1798,no +575-speakers-2,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Status unknown; possibly extinct.,bib1798,no +575-speaker_number-3,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The only published data are in a 100-word list in Doornbos and Bender 1983, which was taken from a 200-word list obtained by Paul Doornbos. The full 200-word list has been typed up by Paul Whitehouse and is available to interested linguists (Doornbos 1981). The number of speakers was estimated at 1,000 in Doornbos and Bender 1983:59–60. Nothing further is known about its endangerment status.",bib3282,yes +575-speakers-3,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The only published data are in a 100-word list in Doornbos and Bender 1983, which was taken from a 200-word list obtained by Paul Doornbos. The full 200-word list has been typed up by Paul Whitehouse and is available to interested linguists (Doornbos 1981). The number of speakers was estimated at 1,000 in Doornbos and Bender 1983:59–60. Nothing further is known about its endangerment status.",bib3282,yes +575-speaker_number-4,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2267,no +575-speakers-4,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2267,no +575-speaker_number-5,575,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +575-speakers-5,575,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +575-LEI-1,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +575-vitality-1,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +575-LEI-2,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,yes +575-vitality-2,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,yes +575-LEI-3,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2267,no +575-vitality-3,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2267,no +575-LEI-4,575,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +575-vitality-4,575,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 576-location-1,576,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0, 17.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 576-location-2,576,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,no 576-speaker_number-1,576,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Damtar village had its own dialect called Laabe with 3 speakers left in 1977.,bib67,no 576-speakers-1,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Damtar village had its own dialect called Laabe with 3 speakers left in 1977.,bib67,no -576-speaker_number-2,576,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -576-speakers-2,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -576-speakers-3,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""749""}",,,bib5307,no +576-speaker_number-2,576,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +576-speakers-2,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +576-speakers-3,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""749""}",,,bib5330,no 576-speakers-4,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""749""}",,,bib233,no -576-speaker_number-5,576,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5358,no -576-speakers-5,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5358,no +576-speaker_number-5,576,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5381,no +576-speakers-5,576,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5381,no 576-LEI-1,576,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 576-vitality-1,576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -576-LEI-2,576,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -576-vitality-2,576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -576-LEI-3,576,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5358,no -576-vitality-3,576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5358,no +576-LEI-2,576,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +576-vitality-2,576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +576-LEI-3,576,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5381,no +576-vitality-3,576,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5381,no 5765-location-1,5765,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Southwest Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture, Jinghong county"", ""Coordinates"": [[22.0, 100.8]]}",,,bib67,yes 5765-speaker_number-1,5765,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5765-speakers-1,5765,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -56991,81 +57195,81 @@ that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5800,no 5765-vitality-1,5765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5765-LEI-2,5765,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5765-vitality-2,5765,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -577-location-1,577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7635, 20.5993]]}",,,bib5307,no -577-speaker_number-1,577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,yes -577-speakers-1,577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,yes -577-speaker_number-2,577,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -577-speakers-2,577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -577-LEI-1,577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -577-vitality-1,577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -577-LEI-2,577,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -577-vitality-2,577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +577-location-1,577,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.7635, 20.5993]]}",,,bib5330,no +577-speaker_number-1,577,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,yes +577-speakers-1,577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,yes +577-speaker_number-2,577,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +577-speakers-2,577,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +577-LEI-1,577,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +577-vitality-1,577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +577-LEI-2,577,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +577-vitality-2,577,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 578-location-1,578,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.0, 15.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -578-location-2,578,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.8009, 15.6335]]}",,,bib5307,no -578-speaker_number-1,578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -578-speakers-1,578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -578-speaker_number-2,578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -578-speakers-2,578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -578-LEI-1,578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -578-vitality-1,578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -578-LEI-2,578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -578-vitality-2,578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -579-context-1,579,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bagirmi""}",,,bib1786,yes -579-location-1,579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.2149, 17.3913]]}",,,bib5307,no -579-speaker_number-1,579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -579-speakers-1,579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -579-speaker_number-2,579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -579-speakers-2,579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""272"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -579-LEI-1,579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -579-vitality-1,579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -579-LEI-2,579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -579-vitality-2,579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -580-context-1,580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sar""}",,,bib1786,yes -580-location-1,580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.9312, 17.8829]]}",,,bib5307,no -580-speaker_number-1,580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers shifting to Sar; nearly extinct.,bib1786,yes -580-speakers-1,580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers shifting to Sar; nearly extinct.,bib1786,yes -580-speaker_number-2,580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -580-speakers-2,580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -580-LEI-1,580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -580-vitality-1,580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -580-LEI-2,580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -580-vitality-2,580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5805-context-1,5805,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dodos""}",,younger people speak Dodos nowadays,bib6944,no -5805-context-2,5805,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dodos Karimojong""}",,"Their dominant language is a variety of the Nilotic language Karimojong, known as Dodos.",bib7615,no +578-location-2,578,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.8009, 15.6335]]}",,,bib5330,no +578-speaker_number-1,578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +578-speakers-1,578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +578-speaker_number-2,578,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +578-speakers-2,578,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +578-LEI-1,578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +578-vitality-1,578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +578-LEI-2,578,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +578-vitality-2,578,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +579-context-1,579,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Bagirmi""}",,,bib1798,yes +579-location-1,579,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.2149, 17.3913]]}",,,bib5330,no +579-speaker_number-1,579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +579-speakers-1,579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +579-speaker_number-2,579,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +579-speakers-2,579,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""272"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +579-LEI-1,579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +579-vitality-1,579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +579-LEI-2,579,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +579-vitality-2,579,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +580-context-1,580,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sar""}",,,bib1798,yes +580-location-1,580,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.9312, 17.8829]]}",,,bib5330,no +580-speaker_number-1,580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Speakers shifting to Sar; nearly extinct.,bib1798,yes +580-speakers-1,580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Speakers shifting to Sar; nearly extinct.,bib1798,yes +580-speaker_number-2,580,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +580-speakers-2,580,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +580-LEI-1,580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +580-vitality-1,580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +580-LEI-2,580,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +580-vitality-2,580,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5805-context-1,5805,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dodos""}",,younger people speak Dodos nowadays,bib6968,no +5805-context-2,5805,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dodos Karimojong""}",,"Their dominant language is a variety of the Nilotic language Karimojong, known as Dodos.",bib7640,no 5805-location-1,5805,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.41666666667, 33.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5805-location-2,5805,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""], ""Description"": ""southern ranges of the Nyangeya Mountains along the boundary of Karamoja and Acholi Districts""}",,,bib6944,no +5805-location-2,5805,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""], ""Description"": ""southern ranges of the Nyangeya Mountains along the boundary of Karamoja and Acholi Districts""}",,,bib6968,no 5805-location-3,5805,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda""]}",,,bib67,no -5805-speaker_number-1,5805,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6944,no -5805-speakers-1,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6944,no -5805-speakers-2,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers""}",,Only a few elderly people still speak Nyang'i as a first language.,bib7615,no -5805-speaker_number-3,5805,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib605,yes -5805-speakers-3,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib605,yes +5805-speaker_number-1,5805,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6968,no +5805-speakers-1,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6968,no +5805-speakers-2,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few elderly speakers""}",,Only a few elderly people still speak Nyang'i as a first language.,bib7640,no +5805-speaker_number-3,5805,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib608,yes +5805-speakers-3,5805,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib608,yes 5805-speakers-4,5805,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15,282"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 (census)""}",,"No known speakers. Ethnic population: 15,282 Nyangia (2002 census)",bib67,no -5805-LEI-1,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5805-vitality-1,5805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -5805-LEI-2,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5805-transmission-2,5805,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,no -5805-vitality-2,5805,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7615,no -5805-LEI-3,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,yes -5805-vitality-3,5805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,yes -5808-context-1,5808,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic in church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,40% are said to speak Oromo ... Zayse is by far the most commonly used language in all domains of daily life. Except Amharic in church.,bib6824,no +5805-LEI-1,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5805-vitality-1,5805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +5805-LEI-2,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5805-transmission-2,5805,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,no +5805-vitality-2,5805,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7640,no +5805-LEI-3,5805,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,yes +5805-vitality-3,5805,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,yes +5808-context-1,5808,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Amharic in church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Oromo"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,40% are said to speak Oromo ... Zayse is by far the most commonly used language in all domains of daily life. Except Amharic in church.,bib6848,no 5808-location-1,5808,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.91666666667, 37.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5808-location-2,5808,location,"{""Description"": ""Elgo, some 30 kms south of Arba Minch... is said to be the main settlement.""}",,,bib6824,no -5808-location-3,5808,location,"{""Description"": ""Mainly west of Lake Chamo, Ethiopia.""}",,,bib7615,no -5808-speaker_number-1,5808,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1079,yes -5808-speakers-1,5808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1079,yes +5808-location-2,5808,location,"{""Description"": ""Elgo, some 30 kms south of Arba Minch... is said to be the main settlement.""}",,,bib6848,no +5808-location-3,5808,location,"{""Description"": ""Mainly west of Lake Chamo, Ethiopia.""}",,,bib7640,no +5808-speaker_number-1,5808,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1088,yes +5808-speakers-1,5808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1088,yes 5808-speaker_number-2,5808,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data on speaker number is from the 1994 census. ""3,000 monolinguals. 10,172 Zayse, 7,625 Zergulla."" ""Ethnic population includes 10,842 Zayse, 390 Zergulla."" The ethnic population data is from the 1994 census.",bib67,no 5808-speakers-2,5808,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,232"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Data on speaker number is from the 1994 census. ""3,000 monolinguals. 10,172 Zayse, 7,625 Zergulla."" ""Ethnic population includes 10,842 Zayse, 390 Zergulla."" The ethnic population data is from the 1994 census.",bib67,no 5808-speaker_number-3,5808,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"7,625 Zergulla; 10,172 Zayse.",bib13,no 5808-speakers-3,5808,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,842"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,797"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"7,625 Zergulla; 10,172 Zayse.",bib13,no -5808-speakers-4,5808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300 (Zergulla)""}",,,bib7615,no -5808-LEI-1,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1079,yes -5808-vitality-1,5808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1079,yes +5808-speakers-4,5808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300 (Zergulla)""}",,,bib7640,no +5808-LEI-1,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1088,yes +5808-vitality-1,5808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1088,yes 5808-LEI-2,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5808-vitality-2,5808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5808-LEI-3,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6824,no -5808-domains_of_use-3,5808,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6824,no -5808-vitality-3,5808,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6824,no +5808-LEI-3,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6848,no +5808-domains_of_use-3,5808,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6848,no +5808-vitality-3,5808,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It was stressed that this language will continue to be used for generations.,bib6848,no 5808-LEI-4,5808,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,no 5808-vitality-4,5808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,no 581-location-1,581,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.39, 146.29]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -57075,366 +57279,366 @@ that Taleshi was a language whose time was passing.",bib5800,no 581-LEI-1,581,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 581-vitality-1,581,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 5810-location-1,5810,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.41666666667, 9.58333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5810-speaker_number-1,5810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4486,yes -5810-speakers-1,5810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4486,yes +5810-speaker_number-1,5810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4507,yes +5810-speakers-1,5810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4507,yes 5810-speaker_number-2,5810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5810-speakers-2,5810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5810-LEI-1,5810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4486,yes -5810-vitality-1,5810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4486,yes +5810-LEI-1,5810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4507,yes +5810-vitality-1,5810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4507,yes 5810-LEI-2,5810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5810-vitality-2,5810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5811-context-1,5811,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church"", ""Primary School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Wanda; Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Sichela speakers seem to have a positive attitude towards their own language variety. They are speaking it to their children and most of them believe outsiders should learn it if they move into the Sichela area. They reported that they would even use it in a mixed ethnic environment such as in a town.... Sichela was reported to be the language of work and home. Swahili is the language of instruction in primary schools in Tanzania. Swahili is the main language used in churches. However, Sichela is used alongside Swahili in order to ensure that all people understand.",bib4673,yes -5811-location-1,5811,location,"{""Description"": ""The Sichela people live in southwestern Tanzania, south of Lake Rukwa."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.511761, 32.660766]]}",,,bib4673,yes -5811-speaker_number-1,5811,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4673,yes -5811-speakers-1,5811,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4673,yes -5811-LEI-1,5811,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4673,yes -5811-vitality-1,5811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4673,yes -5812-context-1,5812,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The very conservative Igdalen and Iberogan, however, have resisted sending any of their children to public schools until very recently, so very few of them speak French... Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan are proud of their language and it appears that it will continue to be their primary language for the foreseeable future.",bib6408,yes -5812-location-1,5812,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Tagdal and Tabarog are spoken in a more widespread area centered around Abalak... [Igdalen] territory centers around the three important sites with an Agdal (sg. of Igdalen) as chief, Tamaya, Mazababu and Tiguirwit, and extends to the north of Ingal."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.783416, 6.766845], [15.562294, 7.049078], [16.783711, 6.931465]]}",,,bib6408,yes +5811-context-1,5811,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church"", ""Primary School""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Wanda; Swahili"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The Sichela speakers seem to have a positive attitude towards their own language variety. They are speaking it to their children and most of them believe outsiders should learn it if they move into the Sichela area. They reported that they would even use it in a mixed ethnic environment such as in a town.... Sichela was reported to be the language of work and home. Swahili is the language of instruction in primary schools in Tanzania. Swahili is the main language used in churches. However, Sichela is used alongside Swahili in order to ensure that all people understand.",bib4695,yes +5811-location-1,5811,location,"{""Description"": ""The Sichela people live in southwestern Tanzania, south of Lake Rukwa."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.511761, 32.660766]]}",,,bib4695,yes +5811-speaker_number-1,5811,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4695,yes +5811-speakers-1,5811,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4695,yes +5811-LEI-1,5811,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4695,yes +5811-vitality-1,5811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4695,yes +5812-context-1,5812,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"The very conservative Igdalen and Iberogan, however, have resisted sending any of their children to public schools until very recently, so very few of them speak French... Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan are proud of their language and it appears that it will continue to be their primary language for the foreseeable future.",bib6432,yes +5812-location-1,5812,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Tagdal and Tabarog are spoken in a more widespread area centered around Abalak... [Igdalen] territory centers around the three important sites with an Agdal (sg. of Igdalen) as chief, Tamaya, Mazababu and Tiguirwit, and extends to the north of Ingal."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.783416, 6.766845], [15.562294, 7.049078], [16.783711, 6.931465]]}",,,bib6432,yes 5812-location-2,5812,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Between Tahoua central, Agadez north central, and Ingall northeast.""}",,,bib67,no -5812-speaker_number-1,5812,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A total of 1,500 households (perhaps 6,000 individuals) was reported for the area around Tamaya. Tripling this number for a total, we estimate that there are 10–20,000 Igdalen.",bib6408,yes -5812-speakers-1,5812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A total of 1,500 households (perhaps 6,000 individuals) was reported for the area around Tamaya. Tripling this number for a total, we estimate that there are 10–20,000 Igdalen.",bib6408,yes +5812-speaker_number-1,5812,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A total of 1,500 households (perhaps 6,000 individuals) was reported for the area around Tamaya. Tripling this number for a total, we estimate that there are 10–20,000 Igdalen.",bib6432,yes +5812-speakers-1,5812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A total of 1,500 households (perhaps 6,000 individuals) was reported for the area around Tamaya. Tripling this number for a total, we estimate that there are 10–20,000 Igdalen.",bib6432,yes 5812-speaker_number-2,5812,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5812-speakers-2,5812,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5812-LEI-1,5812,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan reported that there were individuals and villages of their ethnic groups living north and west of Tchin-Tabaradene who no longer spoke Tagdal.,bib6408,yes -5812-vitality-1,5812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan reported that there were individuals and villages of their ethnic groups living north and west of Tchin-Tabaradene who no longer spoke Tagdal.,bib6408,yes +5812-LEI-1,5812,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan reported that there were individuals and villages of their ethnic groups living north and west of Tchin-Tabaradene who no longer spoke Tagdal.,bib6432,yes +5812-vitality-1,5812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Both the Igdalen and the Iberogan reported that there were individuals and villages of their ethnic groups living north and west of Tchin-Tabaradene who no longer spoke Tagdal.,bib6432,yes 5812-LEI-2,5812,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5812-vitality-2,5812,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -582-context-1,582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadic Arabic""}",,Younger generation speaks Chadic Arabic.,bib1786,yes +582-context-1,582,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadic Arabic""}",,Younger generation speaks Chadic Arabic.,bib1798,yes 582-location-1,582,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""]}",,,bib67,no -582-location-2,582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1581, 19.6023]]}",,,bib5307,no -582-speaker_number-1,582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1786,yes -582-speakers-1,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1786,yes +582-location-2,582,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.1581, 19.6023]]}",,,bib5330,no +582-speaker_number-1,582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1798,yes +582-speakers-1,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1798,yes 582-speaker_number-2,582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 582-speakers-2,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 582-speakers-3,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,456""}",,,bib233,no -582-speaker_number-4,582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -582-speakers-4,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,456"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -582-LEI-1,582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -582-vitality-1,582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes +582-speaker_number-4,582,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +582-speakers-4,582,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,456"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +582-LEI-1,582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +582-vitality-1,582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes 582-LEI-2,582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 582-vitality-2,582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -582-LEI-3,582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -582-vitality-3,582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5825-context-1,5825,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""200-300 know and understand but prefer English""}",,Children prefer Aboriginal English,bib7937,yes +582-LEI-3,582,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +582-vitality-3,582,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5825-context-1,5825,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""200-300 know and understand but prefer English""}",,Children prefer Aboriginal English,bib7962,yes 5825-location-1,5825,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5825-location-2,5825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.16061049, 144.9904848]]}",,,bib1182,no -5825-speaker_number-1,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7935,no -5825-speakers-1,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7935,no -5825-speaker_number-2,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -5825-speakers-2,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +5825-location-2,5825,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.16061049, 144.9904848]]}",,,bib1191,no +5825-speaker_number-1,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7960,no +5825-speakers-1,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7960,no +5825-speaker_number-2,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +5825-speakers-2,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 5825-speaker_number-3,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,740 (1996 census). 200–300 know and understand. Ethnic population: 400 (Schmidt 1991).,bib67,no 5825-speakers-3,5825,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""740?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,740 (1996 census). 200–300 know and understand. Ethnic population: 400 (Schmidt 1991).,bib67,no 5825-speaker_number-4,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 5825-speakers-4,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""783"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -5825-speaker_number-5,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib606,no -5825-speakers-5,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib606,no -5825-speaker_number-6,5825,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5825-speakers-6,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5825-speaker_number-5,5825,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib609,no +5825-speakers-5,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib609,no +5825-speaker_number-6,5825,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5825-speakers-6,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5825-speaker_number-7,5825,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5825-speakers-7,5825,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -5825-speaker_number-8,5825,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7937,yes -5825-speakers-8,5825,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7937,yes -5825-LEI-1,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,no -5825-vitality-1,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7935,no -5825-LEI-2,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5825-vitality-2,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5825-speaker_number-8,5825,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7962,yes +5825-speakers-8,5825,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7962,yes +5825-LEI-1,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7960,no +5825-vitality-1,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7960,no +5825-LEI-2,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5825-vitality-2,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5825-LEI-3,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5825-vitality-3,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5825-LEI-4,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5825-vitality-4,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5825-LEI-5,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -5825-vitality-5,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib606,no -5825-LEI-6,5825,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5825-vitality-6,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5825-LEI-5,5825,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +5825-vitality-5,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib609,no +5825-LEI-6,5825,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5825-vitality-6,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5825-LEI-7,5825,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5825-vitality-7,5825,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5825-LEI-8,5825,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7937,yes -5825-transmission-8,5825,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7937,yes -5825-speaker_number_trends-8,5825,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7937,yes -5825-vitality-8,5825,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7937,yes -583-context-1,583,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwasio"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib2315,yes -583-location-1,583,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Een taal die voornamelijk in het zuiden van Kameroen gesproken wordt.""}",,,bib6267,no -583-location-2,583,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.2241, 9.8986]]}",,,bib5307,no -583-speaker_number-1,583,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2315,yes -583-speakers-1,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2315,yes -583-speaker_number-2,583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1786,no -583-speakers-2,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1786,no -583-speaker_number-3,583,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,250 in Cameroon, 29 in Equatorial Guinea",bib5307,no -583-speakers-3,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,250 in Cameroon, 29 in Equatorial Guinea",bib5307,no -583-LEI-1,583,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2315,yes -583-domains_of_use-1,583,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2315,yes -583-vitality-1,583,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2315,yes -583-LEI-2,583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,no -583-vitality-2,583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,no -583-LEI-3,583,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -583-vitality-3,583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -584-context-1,584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndaka""}",,Giving way to Ndaka.,bib1786,yes +5825-LEI-8,5825,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7962,yes +5825-transmission-8,5825,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7962,yes +5825-speaker_number_trends-8,5825,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7962,yes +5825-vitality-8,5825,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Today the situation is deteriorating, with fewer fluent speakers, and less knowledge of the language by others in the ethnic group.",bib7962,yes +583-context-1,583,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kwasio"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib2328,yes +583-location-1,583,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Een taal die voornamelijk in het zuiden van Kameroen gesproken wordt.""}",,,bib6291,no +583-location-2,583,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.2241, 9.8986]]}",,,bib5330,no +583-speaker_number-1,583,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2328,yes +583-speakers-1,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,200-5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2328,yes +583-speaker_number-2,583,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1798,no +583-speakers-2,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1798,no +583-speaker_number-3,583,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,250 in Cameroon, 29 in Equatorial Guinea",bib5330,no +583-speakers-3,583,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,250 in Cameroon, 29 in Equatorial Guinea",bib5330,no +583-LEI-1,583,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2328,yes +583-domains_of_use-1,583,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2328,yes +583-vitality-1,583,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The language is used strictly for in-group communication and not spoken in public when outsiders are present. When asked what language they speak, the Bakola name the language of the villagers. They often even deny that they have a separate language of their own (Duke, personal experience). Bakola have reported preferring to speak Kwasio when addressing outsiders (Ngima 2001:218). Their negative attitude toward their own language is reinforced by their marginal status among all the ethnic groups of the region, their poverty, and their decreasing ability to continue their traditional lifestyle due to deforestation.",bib2328,yes +583-LEI-2,583,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,no +583-vitality-2,583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,no +583-LEI-3,583,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +583-vitality-3,583,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +584-context-1,584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndaka""}",,Giving way to Ndaka.,bib1798,yes 584-context-2,584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndaka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most prefer to use Ndaka.,bib67,no -584-context-3,584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndaka""}",,Beeke is losing ground in favor of Ndaka.,bib7615,no +584-context-3,584,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ndaka""}",,Beeke is losing ground in favor of Ndaka.,bib7640,no 584-location-1,584,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""Orientale Province, Ituri District, Mambasa Territory, Bandaka and Bombo collectivit\u00e9s, 1 village in each.""}",,,bib67,no -584-location-2,584,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9997, 28.7951]]}",,,bib5307,no -584-speaker_number-1,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -584-speakers-1,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes +584-location-2,584,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9997, 28.7951]]}",,,bib5330,no +584-speaker_number-1,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +584-speakers-1,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes 584-speaker_number-2,584,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 584-speakers-2,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -584-speaker_number-3,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -584-speakers-3,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -584-speaker_number-4,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -584-speakers-4,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -584-LEI-1,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -584-vitality-1,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes +584-speaker_number-3,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +584-speakers-3,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +584-speaker_number-4,584,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +584-speakers-4,584,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +584-LEI-1,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +584-vitality-1,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes 584-LEI-2,584,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 584-vitality-2,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -584-LEI-3,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -584-vitality-3,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -584-LEI-4,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -584-vitality-4,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +584-LEI-3,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +584-vitality-3,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +584-LEI-4,584,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +584-vitality-4,584,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5845-location-1,5845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.56, 155.71]]}",,,bib75,no 5845-location-2,5845,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Bougainville Province south, Buin District"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.746, 155.685]]}",,,bib67,yes -5845-speaker_number-1,5845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2511,no -5845-speakers-1,5845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2511,no +5845-speaker_number-1,5845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2524,no +5845-speakers-1,5845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2524,no 5845-speaker_number-2,5845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes 5845-speakers-2,5845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data: (1991 SIL),bib67,yes -5845-LEI-1,5845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -5845-vitality-1,5845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no +5845-LEI-1,5845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +5845-vitality-1,5845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no 5845-LEI-2,5845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5845-vitality-2,5845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -5846-context-1,5846,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, commercial ventures, government, scientific investigation, tourism, and church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"""El español tiene un rol en la comunidad seri, mayormente en sus contactos con el mundo hispanohablante en las áreas de la educación, el comercio, el gobierno, la investigación científica, el turismo, y la iglesia. La educación formal se da casi completamente en el español desde el principio."" [Spanish has a role in the Seri community, mainly for contact with the Spanish-speaking world in the areas of education, commercial ventures, government, scientific investigation, tourism, and church. Formal education is almost completely in Spanish from the beginning.]",bib4933,yes +5846-context-1,5846,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, commercial ventures, government, scientific investigation, tourism, and church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"""El español tiene un rol en la comunidad seri, mayormente en sus contactos con el mundo hispanohablante en las áreas de la educación, el comercio, el gobierno, la investigación científica, el turismo, y la iglesia. La educación formal se da casi completamente en el español desde el principio."" [Spanish has a role in the Seri community, mainly for contact with the Spanish-speaking world in the areas of education, commercial ventures, government, scientific investigation, tourism, and church. Formal education is almost completely in Spanish from the beginning.]",bib4955,yes 5846-location-1,5846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.0, -112.0]]}",,,bib216,no 5846-location-2,5846,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Sonora coast, 2 villages.""}",,,bib67,no 5846-speaker_number-1,5846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""Su número total es un poco menos de 1000 personas (gobierno seri, 2006); el censo de 2000 da un número menor (716)."" -""Hablar de los hablantes de la lengua seri es casi lo mismo que hablar de los miembros de la etnia seri. Casi todos los miembros de la etnia hablan la lengua fluidamente, y casi ninguno que lo habla no es miembro de la etnia."" [To speak of the speakers of Seri is almost the same as speaking about members of the Seri ethnic group. Also all members of the ethnic group speak the language fluently, and almost noone speaks the language who is not a member of the ethnic group.]",bib4933,yes +""Hablar de los hablantes de la lengua seri es casi lo mismo que hablar de los miembros de la etnia seri. Casi todos los miembros de la etnia hablan la lengua fluidamente, y casi ninguno que lo habla no es miembro de la etnia."" [To speak of the speakers of Seri is almost the same as speaking about members of the Seri ethnic group. Also all members of the ethnic group speak the language fluently, and almost noone speaks the language who is not a member of the ethnic group.]",bib4955,yes 5846-speakers-1,5846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""716-1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000, 2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""Su número total es un poco menos de 1000 personas (gobierno seri, 2006); el censo de 2000 da un número menor (716)."" -""Hablar de los hablantes de la lengua seri es casi lo mismo que hablar de los miembros de la etnia seri. Casi todos los miembros de la etnia hablan la lengua fluidamente, y casi ninguno que lo habla no es miembro de la etnia."" [To speak of the speakers of Seri is almost the same as speaking about members of the Seri ethnic group. Also all members of the ethnic group speak the language fluently, and almost noone speaks the language who is not a member of the ethnic group.]",bib4933,yes -5846-speaker_number-2,5846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2511,no -5846-speakers-2,5846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2511,no +""Hablar de los hablantes de la lengua seri es casi lo mismo que hablar de los miembros de la etnia seri. Casi todos los miembros de la etnia hablan la lengua fluidamente, y casi ninguno que lo habla no es miembro de la etnia."" [To speak of the speakers of Seri is almost the same as speaking about members of the Seri ethnic group. Also all members of the ethnic group speak the language fluently, and almost noone speaks the language who is not a member of the ethnic group.]",bib4955,yes +5846-speaker_number-2,5846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2524,no +5846-speakers-2,5846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2524,no 5846-speaker_number-3,5846,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5846-speakers-3,5846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 5846-LEI-1,5846,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""La comunicación entre los miembros de la comunidad seri se conduce principalmente en la lengua seri, y no se ha reportado ni se ha observado ningún problema de comunicación. La lengua seri se utiliza en casi todos ámbitos de la vida."" [Communication between members of the Seri community are conducted principally in Seri, and there are no reports nor has it been observed that there is any problem with communication. Seri is used in almost all spheres of life.] -""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4933,yes +""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4955,yes 5846-transmission-1,5846,transmission,1,transmission-1,"""La comunicación entre los miembros de la comunidad seri se conduce principalmente en la lengua seri, y no se ha reportado ni se ha observado ningún problema de comunicación. La lengua seri se utiliza en casi todos ámbitos de la vida."" [Communication between members of the Seri community are conducted principally in Seri, and there are no reports nor has it been observed that there is any problem with communication. Seri is used in almost all spheres of life.] -""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4933,yes +""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4955,yes 5846-domains_of_use-1,5846,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"""La comunicación entre los miembros de la comunidad seri se conduce principalmente en la lengua seri, y no se ha reportado ni se ha observado ningún problema de comunicación. La lengua seri se utiliza en casi todos ámbitos de la vida."" [Communication between members of the Seri community are conducted principally in Seri, and there are no reports nor has it been observed that there is any problem with communication. Seri is used in almost all spheres of life.] -""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4933,yes +""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4955,yes 5846-vitality-1,5846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"""La comunicación entre los miembros de la comunidad seri se conduce principalmente en la lengua seri, y no se ha reportado ni se ha observado ningún problema de comunicación. La lengua seri se utiliza en casi todos ámbitos de la vida."" [Communication between members of the Seri community are conducted principally in Seri, and there are no reports nor has it been observed that there is any problem with communication. Seri is used in almost all spheres of life.] -""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4933,yes -5846-LEI-2,5846,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -5846-vitality-2,5846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no +""Los matrimonios con personas de habla española (cocsar) tienen, obviamente, más contacto con el español en el hogar. En algunos casos los niños de esas familias son dominantes en el español, o lo hablan exclusivamente. Se ha observado que a veces sus propios abuelos seris hablan a estos niños en español. Cuando estos niños juegan con los niños de habla seri, las conversaciones son en español. Sin embargo, mayormente los niños de todas edades en la comunidad son hablantes fluidos de la lengua."" [Marriages with Spanish-speaking people have, obviously, more contact with Spanish in the home. In some cases the children of these families are Spanish-dominant, or speak it exclusively. It has been observed that sometimes their Seri grandparents speak to these children in Spanish. When these children play with children that speak Seri, the conversations are in Spanish. However, mostly children of all ages in the community are fluent speakers of the language.]",bib4955,yes +5846-LEI-2,5846,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +5846-vitality-2,5846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no 5846-LEI-3,5846,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5846-vitality-3,5846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5848-context-1,5848,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tangale, Bole, Fulfulde, Hausa""}",,"Kulturell lässt sich mit Sicherheit bis die sechziger Jahren hinein von einer Hɔ̰ne Identität sprechen. In der jüngeren Vergangenheithaben Islamisierung, die Dominantz der Hausa sowie der pauperisierende Assimilation der Hɔ̰ne bedingt... Die Hɔ̰ne unterstehen heute dem Emir von Gombe und sind nach einem teils von den Hausa, teils von den Kanuri beeinflussten politischen system organisiert... Mit dem kulturellen Wandel einhergehend bilden Sprachtod und Identitätsverlust die Rahmenbildungen für die Verelendung und politische Marginalisierung der meisten Hɔ̰ne-Gemeinden... Hɔ̰ne leben in einem ethnisch und sprachlich äußerst heterogenen Gebiet und sind dabei den vielfältigsten Sprachkontakten ausgesetzt. Für die meisten von ihnen ist Mehrsprachigkeit charakteristisch, wobei sie neben der eigenen Sprache stets auch die Sprachen ihrer Nachbarn beherrschen, insbesondere Tangale, Bole, Fulfulde und Hausa... Die kulturellen Äußerungen der Hone verloren dabei an Prestige und wurden als Zeugnisse einer als rückständig und heidnisch gebrandmarkten Lebensweise unterdrückt. Während die in der kulturellen Tradition der Jukun stehenden älteren Bewohner Pindigas sich um ein unauffälliges Erscheinungsbild und einen zurückbezogenen Lebensstil in ihrer multiethnischen Nachbarschaft bemühten, wurden die Jugendlichen und Kinder durch eine Erziehung in Koranschulen und staatlichen Bildungseinrichtungen wie boarding schools ihrem ethnisch-kulturellen Hintergrund entfremdet. Neben äußeren Merkmalen wie der Kleidung, Haartracht und dem Lebensstil ist insbesondere der Sprachwechsel ein Zentrales Moment des Wandels... Das außerordentlich enge Kontakt der Hɔ̰ne mit den sie umgebenden Volksgruppen ist für eine Reihe charakteristischer sprachlicher Interferenzschienungen verantwortlich...",bib7054,no -5848-context-3,5848,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"The language historically had at least two social registers, nám hɔ̰ne spoken by the entire ethnic community, and nám hɛnɛ, spoken only by the priests... After massive islamisation and language change, the secret language died... Part of the secret language has been borrowed has been borrowed into neighbored Vhadic and Adamawa languages, as well... With the Islamisation in the 1930s, the Jukun traditions and religion lost their prestige fast, and with the fading away of the culture the language also died. Hausa has quickly become the dominating language in all Hone villages and settlements of today.",bib7059,no -5848-location-1,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""North-eastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Die H\u0254\u0330ne [H\u0254\u0330\u0304ne\u0304] leben im nord\u00f6stlichen Nigeria, wo sie zwischen dem ca. 30 km s\u00fcdwestlich der Stadt Gombe gelegenen Pindiga und den nahe der Ortschaft Muri liegenden Siedlungen Andamin und Jukon \u00fcber etwa zwanzig D\u00f6rfer und Weiler verteilt ans\u00e4ssig sind. Das Verbreitungsgebiet ersteckt sich etwa zwischen 10\u00b0 und 9\u00b010\u2019 n\u00f6rdlicher Breite und 10\u00b020\u2019 und 11\u00b010\u2019 \u00f6stlicher L\u00e4nge. Es liegt nach der gegenw\u00e4rtigen (1997) Verwaltungsgliederung Nigerias im s\u00fcdlichen Gombe State, im angrenzenden Bauchi State und im n\u00f6rdlichen Taraba State und verteilt sich \u00fcber die Local Governments Akko, Alkaleri, Billiri und Karim Lamido."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.6, 10.6]]}",,"Das Lebensraum der Hɔ̰ne ist in seiner Vegetation durch Trockensavanne mit niederem Buschbestand, Dorngebüsch und im Flußtälern üppigerem Baumbestand charakterisiert. Das nördliche Siedlungsgebiet gehört geographisch noch zum Plateau von Bauchi, dem sich im Süden weite Täler und schließlich die Gwana Hills und die Muri Mountains mit ihren Ausläufern anschließen. Das Hauptort der Hɔ̰ne ist Pindiga (Pìŋgé), wobei ihr sprachliches und kulturelles Erbe jedoch vor allem in südlicher gelegenen Siedlungen wie Mutuk und Digare gepflegt wird.",bib7054,no -5848-location-2,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""Gombe area, North-Eastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Hone (na\u0301m H\u0254\u0330ne) is spoken by the ba\u0301-H\u0254\u0330ne who live in the Gombe area of the North-Eastern Nigeria, in the villages of Pindiga, Kashere, Kwaya and Gwana and some hamlets around these settlements.""}",,,bib7055,no -5848-location-3,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northern provinces of the old empire of Kororofa, which today is part of the central and northeastern Nigeria. The area is located at the fringes of the Muri Mountains...""}",,,bib7059,no +5848-context-1,5848,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tangale, Bole, Fulfulde, Hausa""}",,"Kulturell lässt sich mit Sicherheit bis die sechziger Jahren hinein von einer Hɔ̰ne Identität sprechen. In der jüngeren Vergangenheithaben Islamisierung, die Dominantz der Hausa sowie der pauperisierende Assimilation der Hɔ̰ne bedingt... Die Hɔ̰ne unterstehen heute dem Emir von Gombe und sind nach einem teils von den Hausa, teils von den Kanuri beeinflussten politischen system organisiert... Mit dem kulturellen Wandel einhergehend bilden Sprachtod und Identitätsverlust die Rahmenbildungen für die Verelendung und politische Marginalisierung der meisten Hɔ̰ne-Gemeinden... Hɔ̰ne leben in einem ethnisch und sprachlich äußerst heterogenen Gebiet und sind dabei den vielfältigsten Sprachkontakten ausgesetzt. Für die meisten von ihnen ist Mehrsprachigkeit charakteristisch, wobei sie neben der eigenen Sprache stets auch die Sprachen ihrer Nachbarn beherrschen, insbesondere Tangale, Bole, Fulfulde und Hausa... Die kulturellen Äußerungen der Hone verloren dabei an Prestige und wurden als Zeugnisse einer als rückständig und heidnisch gebrandmarkten Lebensweise unterdrückt. Während die in der kulturellen Tradition der Jukun stehenden älteren Bewohner Pindigas sich um ein unauffälliges Erscheinungsbild und einen zurückbezogenen Lebensstil in ihrer multiethnischen Nachbarschaft bemühten, wurden die Jugendlichen und Kinder durch eine Erziehung in Koranschulen und staatlichen Bildungseinrichtungen wie boarding schools ihrem ethnisch-kulturellen Hintergrund entfremdet. Neben äußeren Merkmalen wie der Kleidung, Haartracht und dem Lebensstil ist insbesondere der Sprachwechsel ein Zentrales Moment des Wandels... Das außerordentlich enge Kontakt der Hɔ̰ne mit den sie umgebenden Volksgruppen ist für eine Reihe charakteristischer sprachlicher Interferenzschienungen verantwortlich...",bib7078,no +5848-context-3,5848,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,"The language historically had at least two social registers, nám hɔ̰ne spoken by the entire ethnic community, and nám hɛnɛ, spoken only by the priests... After massive islamisation and language change, the secret language died... Part of the secret language has been borrowed has been borrowed into neighbored Vhadic and Adamawa languages, as well... With the Islamisation in the 1930s, the Jukun traditions and religion lost their prestige fast, and with the fading away of the culture the language also died. Hausa has quickly become the dominating language in all Hone villages and settlements of today.",bib7083,no +5848-location-1,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""North-eastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Die H\u0254\u0330ne [H\u0254\u0330\u0304ne\u0304] leben im nord\u00f6stlichen Nigeria, wo sie zwischen dem ca. 30 km s\u00fcdwestlich der Stadt Gombe gelegenen Pindiga und den nahe der Ortschaft Muri liegenden Siedlungen Andamin und Jukon \u00fcber etwa zwanzig D\u00f6rfer und Weiler verteilt ans\u00e4ssig sind. Das Verbreitungsgebiet ersteckt sich etwa zwischen 10\u00b0 und 9\u00b010\u2019 n\u00f6rdlicher Breite und 10\u00b020\u2019 und 11\u00b010\u2019 \u00f6stlicher L\u00e4nge. Es liegt nach der gegenw\u00e4rtigen (1997) Verwaltungsgliederung Nigerias im s\u00fcdlichen Gombe State, im angrenzenden Bauchi State und im n\u00f6rdlichen Taraba State und verteilt sich \u00fcber die Local Governments Akko, Alkaleri, Billiri und Karim Lamido."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.6, 10.6]]}",,"Das Lebensraum der Hɔ̰ne ist in seiner Vegetation durch Trockensavanne mit niederem Buschbestand, Dorngebüsch und im Flußtälern üppigerem Baumbestand charakterisiert. Das nördliche Siedlungsgebiet gehört geographisch noch zum Plateau von Bauchi, dem sich im Süden weite Täler und schließlich die Gwana Hills und die Muri Mountains mit ihren Ausläufern anschließen. Das Hauptort der Hɔ̰ne ist Pindiga (Pìŋgé), wobei ihr sprachliches und kulturelles Erbe jedoch vor allem in südlicher gelegenen Siedlungen wie Mutuk und Digare gepflegt wird.",bib7078,no +5848-location-2,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""Gombe area, North-Eastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Hone (na\u0301m H\u0254\u0330ne) is spoken by the ba\u0301-H\u0254\u0330ne who live in the Gombe area of the North-Eastern Nigeria, in the villages of Pindiga, Kashere, Kwaya and Gwana and some hamlets around these settlements.""}",,,bib7079,no +5848-location-3,5848,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the northern provinces of the old empire of Kororofa, which today is part of the central and northeastern Nigeria. The area is located at the fringes of the Muri Mountains...""}",,,bib7083,no 5848-speaker_number-1,5848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5848-speakers-1,5848,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">7,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5848-speaker_number-2,5848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Die Verteilung der insgesamt schätzungsweise maximal 7.000 hɔ̰nesprachigen Einwohner auf die einzelnen Ortschaften stellt sich folgendermaßen dar: Andamin ca. 500, Binga 0 (unbewohnt), Digare ca. 1.000, Dizi ca. 40, Futuk ca. 15, Gobirawa ca. 15, Jukon ca. 3,000, Kaltanga ca. 100, Kartṵ 0 (unbewohnt), Kasan Dare ca. 50, Kashere ca. 500, Katagum ca. 20, Konan Kuka ca. 100, Kwaya ca. 500, Mutuk ca. 50, Pindiga ca. 100, Tumu ca. 30, Yankari 2, Yelwa 0 (unbewohnt)...",bib7054,no -5848-speakers-2,5848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Die Verteilung der insgesamt schätzungsweise maximal 7.000 hɔ̰nesprachigen Einwohner auf die einzelnen Ortschaften stellt sich folgendermaßen dar: Andamin ca. 500, Binga 0 (unbewohnt), Digare ca. 1.000, Dizi ca. 40, Futuk ca. 15, Gobirawa ca. 15, Jukon ca. 3,000, Kaltanga ca. 100, Kartṵ 0 (unbewohnt), Kasan Dare ca. 50, Kashere ca. 500, Katagum ca. 20, Konan Kuka ca. 100, Kwaya ca. 500, Mutuk ca. 50, Pindiga ca. 100, Tumu ca. 30, Yankari 2, Yelwa 0 (unbewohnt)...",bib7054,no -5848-speaker_number-5,5848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,It is almost certain that the language will disappear once the older generation of speakers has vanished,bib7057,yes -5848-speakers-5,5848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,It is almost certain that the language will disappear once the older generation of speakers has vanished,bib7057,yes +5848-speaker_number-2,5848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Die Verteilung der insgesamt schätzungsweise maximal 7.000 hɔ̰nesprachigen Einwohner auf die einzelnen Ortschaften stellt sich folgendermaßen dar: Andamin ca. 500, Binga 0 (unbewohnt), Digare ca. 1.000, Dizi ca. 40, Futuk ca. 15, Gobirawa ca. 15, Jukon ca. 3,000, Kaltanga ca. 100, Kartṵ 0 (unbewohnt), Kasan Dare ca. 50, Kashere ca. 500, Katagum ca. 20, Konan Kuka ca. 100, Kwaya ca. 500, Mutuk ca. 50, Pindiga ca. 100, Tumu ca. 30, Yankari 2, Yelwa 0 (unbewohnt)...",bib7078,no +5848-speakers-2,5848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Die Verteilung der insgesamt schätzungsweise maximal 7.000 hɔ̰nesprachigen Einwohner auf die einzelnen Ortschaften stellt sich folgendermaßen dar: Andamin ca. 500, Binga 0 (unbewohnt), Digare ca. 1.000, Dizi ca. 40, Futuk ca. 15, Gobirawa ca. 15, Jukon ca. 3,000, Kaltanga ca. 100, Kartṵ 0 (unbewohnt), Kasan Dare ca. 50, Kashere ca. 500, Katagum ca. 20, Konan Kuka ca. 100, Kwaya ca. 500, Mutuk ca. 50, Pindiga ca. 100, Tumu ca. 30, Yankari 2, Yelwa 0 (unbewohnt)...",bib7078,no +5848-speaker_number-5,5848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,It is almost certain that the language will disappear once the older generation of speakers has vanished,bib7081,yes +5848-speakers-5,5848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,It is almost certain that the language will disappear once the older generation of speakers has vanished,bib7081,yes 5848-LEI-1,5848,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5848-vitality-1,5848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5848-LEI-2,5848,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7054,no -5848-transmission-2,5848,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7054,no -5848-vitality-2,5848,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7054,no -5848-LEI-4,5848,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7057,yes -5848-transmission-4,5848,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7057,yes -5848-vitality-4,5848,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7057,yes -585-location-1,585,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.3902, 29.2016]]}",,,bib5307,no -585-speaker_number-1,585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1786,yes -585-speakers-1,585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1786,yes -585-speaker_number-2,585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -585-speakers-2,585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""494"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -585-LEI-1,585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -585-vitality-1,585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -585-LEI-2,585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -585-vitality-2,585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5855-context-1,5855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dari (one of the national languages of Afghanistan)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"In the Ishkashim area Ishkashimi and Dari are used to a similar extent in the primary domains of the family and the community. Ishkashimi is used occasionally in the secondary domain of travel and trade. It is very sporadically spoken in the secondary domains of education and religion, but not enough and not in a structured enough way to be even considered here and to impact the vitality of the language. People mainly use Dari in the remaining secondary domains of media and administration.",bib798,yes +5848-LEI-2,5848,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7078,no +5848-transmission-2,5848,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7078,no +5848-vitality-2,5848,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Nach dem Zensus von 1963 lebten im relativ dicht bevölkerten Pindiga District, also geographisch etwa 66.283 Personen... Die Zahl der Hɔ̰ne-Sprecher hat seitdem rapide abgenommen, da die Sprache seit den frühen siebziger Jahren von den nachwachsenden Generationen der größeren Siedlungen nicht mehr erlernt wurde, und dürfte gegenwartig nach den eigenen Erhebungen nicht übersteigen... Dabei kam es seit Beginn der postkolonialen Zeit im Rahmen starker Islamisierungsbestrebungen zu einem extremen Prestigverlust des Hɔ̰ne als einer ""heidnischer Sprache"", so daß es von den heute unter dreißigjährigen Bewohnern der größeren Siedlungen kaum mehr erlernt wurde. In der kleinen, abgelegenen Dorfgemeinschaften ist die Abwanderung der jüngeren Leute in die wirtschaftlich bedeutenderen Orte und Städte ein weiterer wichtiger Faktor des Sprachwechsels...",bib7078,no +5848-LEI-4,5848,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7081,yes +5848-transmission-4,5848,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib7081,yes +5848-vitality-4,5848,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7081,yes +585-location-1,585,location,"{""Places"": [""Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.3902, 29.2016]]}",,,bib5330,no +585-speaker_number-1,585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1798,yes +585-speakers-1,585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1798,yes +585-speaker_number-2,585,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +585-speakers-2,585,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""494"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +585-LEI-1,585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +585-vitality-1,585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +585-LEI-2,585,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +585-vitality-2,585,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5855-context-1,5855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dari (one of the national languages of Afghanistan)"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"In the Ishkashim area Ishkashimi and Dari are used to a similar extent in the primary domains of the family and the community. Ishkashimi is used occasionally in the secondary domain of travel and trade. It is very sporadically spoken in the secondary domains of education and religion, but not enough and not in a structured enough way to be even considered here and to impact the vitality of the language. People mainly use Dari in the remaining secondary domains of media and administration.",bib802,yes 5855-context-2,5855,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools"", ""official communications"", ""publications and broadcasts"", ""used in communicating with the neighbouring Wakhis and Shughnis""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tadzhik"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"All the Ishkashmis, except young children, speak Tadzhik.",bib213,no -5855-location-1,5855,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""On the right bank E\u0161k\u0101\u0161m\u012b is spoken by about one thousand people, mainly in the village Ryn (Ran in W\u0101\u1e35\u012b) in the former Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast of Tajikistan. There are also some E\u0161k\u0101sm\u012b-speaking families in the neighboring villages of N\u016bd (Nad), Sum\u01f0in, Mulvo\u01f0, and Namatgut. On the left bank, in the northeastern Afghan province of Bada\u1e35\u0161\u0101n (q.v.), there may be more than a thousand E\u0161k\u0101\u0161m\u012b speakers, but their exact distribution is not known.""}",,,bib7007,no -5855-location-2,5855,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Ishkashimi-speaking villages are located mainly in Ishkashim town of the Badakhshan province, Afghanistan. \""Ishkashim town lies north of the mouth of the Wakhan corridor, near to the Panj river, which marks the border to Tajikistan. A few partly Ishkashimi-speaking villages are located some kilometres north of Ishkashim town. Ishkashimi is also spoken in Tajikstan, in the villages of Ryn and Sumjin, across the border from Ishkashim.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[36.4248, 71.3344], [36.4442, 71.3432], [36.4431, 71.3356], [36.447, 71.3518]]}",,,bib798,yes +5855-location-1,5855,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""On the right bank E\u0161k\u0101\u0161m\u012b is spoken by about one thousand people, mainly in the village Ryn (Ran in W\u0101\u1e35\u012b) in the former Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast of Tajikistan. There are also some E\u0161k\u0101sm\u012b-speaking families in the neighboring villages of N\u016bd (Nad), Sum\u01f0in, Mulvo\u01f0, and Namatgut. On the left bank, in the northeastern Afghan province of Bada\u1e35\u0161\u0101n (q.v.), there may be more than a thousand E\u0161k\u0101\u0161m\u012b speakers, but their exact distribution is not known.""}",,,bib7031,no +5855-location-2,5855,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Ishkashimi-speaking villages are located mainly in Ishkashim town of the Badakhshan province, Afghanistan. \""Ishkashim town lies north of the mouth of the Wakhan corridor, near to the Panj river, which marks the border to Tajikistan. A few partly Ishkashimi-speaking villages are located some kilometres north of Ishkashim town. Ishkashimi is also spoken in Tajikstan, in the villages of Ryn and Sumjin, across the border from Ishkashim.\"""", ""Coordinates"": [[36.4248, 71.3344], [36.4442, 71.3432], [36.4431, 71.3356], [36.447, 71.3518]]}",,,bib802,yes 5855-location-3,5855,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""There is only one Ishkashmi village (qishlaq) on the territory of the former Soviet Union, which is Ryn in the Ishkashmi District of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tadzhikistan (the biggest village -- Nyut, marked as Ishkashim on the maps). The village is situated on the right bank of the River Pyandzh where it turns sharply from the west to the north. Due to a forced resettlement in the 1950s, some families live in Tadzhik villages (Nyut, Sumdzhin, Mulvodz and others), and in a Wakh village, Namatgut. ""}",,,bib213,no -5855-speaker_number-1,5855,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7007,no -5855-speakers-1,5855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7007,no -5855-speaker_number-2,5855,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 in Afghanistan (survey conducted by Beck in 2007) and 1,000 in Tajikistan (Müller et al. 2005)",bib798,yes -5855-speakers-2,5855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 in Afghanistan (survey conducted by Beck in 2007) and 1,000 in Tajikistan (Müller et al. 2005)",bib798,yes +5855-speaker_number-1,5855,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7031,no +5855-speakers-1,5855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7031,no +5855-speaker_number-2,5855,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 in Afghanistan (survey conducted by Beck in 2007) and 1,000 in Tajikistan (Müller et al. 2005)",bib802,yes +5855-speakers-2,5855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 in Afghanistan (survey conducted by Beck in 2007) and 1,000 in Tajikistan (Müller et al. 2005)",bib802,yes 5855-speaker_number-3,5855,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 5855-speakers-3,5855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2400-2900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2400-2900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -5855-LEI-1,5855,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7007,no -5855-vitality-1,5855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7007,no -5855-LEI-2,5855,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib798,yes -5855-transmission-2,5855,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib798,yes -5855-domains_of_use-2,5855,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib798,yes -5855-speaker_number_trends-2,5855,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib798,yes -5855-vitality-2,5855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib798,yes +5855-LEI-1,5855,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7031,no +5855-vitality-1,5855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7031,no +5855-LEI-2,5855,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib802,yes +5855-transmission-2,5855,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib802,yes +5855-domains_of_use-2,5855,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib802,yes +5855-speaker_number_trends-2,5855,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib802,yes +5855-vitality-2,5855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All are bilingual in Ishkashimi and Dari, but Ishakashimi is used at home and in the community together with Dari. The older generation uses mainly Ishkashimi and some Dari within the family. The younger generation uses Ishkashmi and Dari to a similar extent at home. Children tend to speak Dari among each other.",bib802,yes 5855-LEI-3,5855,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ishkashmi is still commonly used as a language for everyday communication. According to T. Pakhalina, Ishkashmi is surviving, although its sphere of use is narrowing.",bib213,no 5855-domains_of_use-3,5855,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Ishkashmi is still commonly used as a language for everyday communication. According to T. Pakhalina, Ishkashmi is surviving, although its sphere of use is narrowing.",bib213,no 5855-vitality-3,5855,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Ishkashmi is still commonly used as a language for everyday communication. According to T. Pakhalina, Ishkashmi is surviving, although its sphere of use is narrowing.",bib213,no -586-location-1,586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8392, 25.5432]]}",,,bib5307,no -586-speaker_number-1,586,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Scattered groups [of speakers],bib1786,yes -586-speakers-1,586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Scattered groups [of speakers],bib1786,yes -586-LEI-1,586,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -586-vitality-1,586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -5866-context-1,5866,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7326,yes -5866-location-1,5866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.387964, 72.741803]]}",,,bib7945,no -5866-location-2,5866,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken] from the village of Roshorv through to the village of Ghudara."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.315, 72.321111]]}",,,bib7326,yes +586-location-1,586,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.8392, 25.5432]]}",,,bib5330,no +586-speaker_number-1,586,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Scattered groups [of speakers],bib1798,yes +586-speakers-1,586,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Scattered groups [of speakers],bib1798,yes +586-LEI-1,586,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +586-vitality-1,586,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +5866-context-1,5866,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7350,yes +5866-location-1,5866,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.387964, 72.741803]]}",,,bib7970,no +5866-location-2,5866,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""[Spoken] from the village of Roshorv through to the village of Ghudara."", ""Coordinates"": [[38.315, 72.321111]]}",,,bib7350,yes 5866-location-3,5866,location,"{""Description"": ""They live in the Pamir Mountains on the upper reaches of the River Bartang and its tributaries the Kudara and Tanymas, uphill from the Bartangi-speaking villages from Gudara (Kudara) to Oroshor (Roshorv), and in Yapshorv.""}",,,bib213,no -5866-speaker_number-1,5866,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7326,yes -5866-speakers-1,5866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7326,yes +5866-speaker_number-1,5866,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7350,yes +5866-speakers-1,5866,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,950"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7350,yes 5866-speakers-2,5866,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""Approximately 2000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1972""}",,According to the linguist H. Kurbanov the population of the Oroshori ranks a little above 2000 (1972).,bib213,no -5866-LEI-1,5866,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,yes -5866-transmission-1,5866,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,yes -5866-domains_of_use-1,5866,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,yes -5866-speaker_number_trends-1,5866,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,yes -5866-vitality-1,5866,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,yes -5867-context-1,5867,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Any language other than Tajik cannot legally be used for official purposes, used in schools, mass media, etc.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik""}",,,bib2397,yes +5866-LEI-1,5866,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,yes +5866-transmission-1,5866,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,yes +5866-domains_of_use-1,5866,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,yes +5866-speaker_number_trends-1,5866,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,yes +5866-vitality-1,5866,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,yes +5867-context-1,5867,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Any language other than Tajik cannot legally be used for official purposes, used in schools, mass media, etc.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik""}",,,bib2410,yes 5867-location-1,5867,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.1666666667, 71.5]]}",,,bib216,no 5867-location-2,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan""]}",,,bib67,no -5867-location-3,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on both sides of Afghanistan-Tajikistan border: Pamir mountains.""}",,,bib7525,no -5867-location-4,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Mountain valleys of the West Pamir""], ""Description"": ""They live along the right bank of the longitudinal stretch of the river Panj from (Zewar) Dasht in the North to to Darmorakht in the south, as well as along the valleys of its eastern tributaries. They also constitute the major population group in the high mountain valley of Baju(w)dara to the north of Khorog. Small, compact groups are also found in central Tajikistan, including Khatlon, Romit, Kofarnikhon, and other regions. They also have compact settlements in Afghanistan mainly on the left bank of the river Panj in Badakhshan Province. A sizeable Shughni-speaking population community is also found in Kabul and in Faizabad, the capital of Afghan Badakhshan.""}",,,bib2397,yes -5867-location-5,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Shughnan district, Roshkala district and Khorog city, Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan;\nShughnan district, Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.4879, 71.5374]]}",,,bib5307,no +5867-location-3,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on both sides of Afghanistan-Tajikistan border: Pamir mountains.""}",,,bib7550,no +5867-location-4,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Mountain valleys of the West Pamir""], ""Description"": ""They live along the right bank of the longitudinal stretch of the river Panj from (Zewar) Dasht in the North to to Darmorakht in the south, as well as along the valleys of its eastern tributaries. They also constitute the major population group in the high mountain valley of Baju(w)dara to the north of Khorog. Small, compact groups are also found in central Tajikistan, including Khatlon, Romit, Kofarnikhon, and other regions. They also have compact settlements in Afghanistan mainly on the left bank of the river Panj in Badakhshan Province. A sizeable Shughni-speaking population community is also found in Kabul and in Faizabad, the capital of Afghan Badakhshan.""}",,,bib2410,yes +5867-location-5,5867,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan, Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Shughnan district, Roshkala district and Khorog city, Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan;\nShughnan district, Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.4879, 71.5374]]}",,,bib5330,no 5867-location-6,5867,location,"{""Description"": ""The Shughnis inhabit the right bank of the River Pyandzh, from the village of Darmoraht to the village of Dashti, (on other evidence, from Sohtsharv to Khasharag), also the valleys of the Shokhdar (Shakh-Dar) and Gund (Gunt), two rivers which converge at the town of Khorog and flow into the Pyandzh.""}",,,bib213,no 5867-speaker_number-1,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"40,000 in Tajikistan (1975 SIL). 20,000 Shugan, 1,500 to 2,000 Oroshor, 15,000 Rushan. Ethnic population: 73,000 (1990 A. Kibrik) including 50,000 Shugni, 2,000 Oroshor, 18,000 Rushan, 800 Khufi, 3,000 Bartang",bib67,no 5867-speakers-1,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"40,000 in Tajikistan (1975 SIL). 20,000 Shugan, 1,500 to 2,000 Oroshor, 15,000 Rushan. Ethnic population: 73,000 (1990 A. Kibrik) including 50,000 Shugni, 2,000 Oroshor, 18,000 Rushan, 800 Khufi, 3,000 Bartang",bib67,no -5867-speaker_number-2,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Possibly 35,000 speakers in Tajikistan and 20,000 in Afghanistan.",bib7525,no -5867-speakers-2,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Possibly 35,000 speakers in Tajikistan and 20,000 in Afghanistan.",bib7525,no -5867-speaker_number-3,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2397,yes -5867-speakers-3,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000-100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2397,yes -5867-speaker_number-4,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Based on the 2008 official census of the districts where Shughni speakers reside.,bib5307,no -5867-speakers-4,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""95,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Based on the 2008 official census of the districts where Shughni speakers reside.,bib5307,no +5867-speaker_number-2,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Possibly 35,000 speakers in Tajikistan and 20,000 in Afghanistan.",bib7550,no +5867-speakers-2,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Possibly 35,000 speakers in Tajikistan and 20,000 in Afghanistan.",bib7550,no +5867-speaker_number-3,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2410,yes +5867-speakers-3,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000-100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2410,yes +5867-speaker_number-4,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Based on the 2008 official census of the districts where Shughni speakers reside.,bib5330,no +5867-speakers-4,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""95,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Based on the 2008 official census of the districts where Shughni speakers reside.,bib5330,no 5867-speaker_number-5,5867,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5867-speakers-5,5867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5867-speakers-6,5867,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1939""}",,"According to a 1926 census, there were 21,000 Shughnis, by 1939 -- 18,600 (according to other data, 13,000 -- 15,000) and 500 speakers of the Bajuvi dialect. About the same number of Shughnis are thought to live in Afghanistan.",bib213,no 5867-LEI-1,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5867-vitality-1,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5867-LEI-2,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,no -5867-vitality-2,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,no -5867-LEI-3,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2397,yes -5867-domains_of_use-3,5867,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2397,yes -5867-vitality-3,5867,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2397,yes -5867-LEI-4,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5867-vitality-4,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5867-LEI-2,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,no +5867-vitality-2,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,no +5867-LEI-3,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2410,yes +5867-domains_of_use-3,5867,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib2410,yes +5867-vitality-3,5867,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib2410,yes +5867-LEI-4,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5867-vitality-4,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5867-LEI-5,5867,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5867-vitality-5,5867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -587-location-1,587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6092, 27.0812]]}",,,bib5307,no -587-speaker_number-1,587,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly extinct,bib1786,yes -587-speakers-1,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1786,yes -587-speakers-2,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,There appear to be only a few speakers left in scattered spots in the region; there may also be a few speakers left in Sudan.,bib7615,no -587-speaker_number-3,587,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -587-speakers-3,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -587-LEI-1,587,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -587-vitality-1,587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1786,yes -587-LEI-2,587,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -587-vitality-2,587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5870-context-1,5870,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dari for education, religion, travel, trade, reading, government"", ""Dari and Pashto in schools"", ""Dari in religious activities"", ""Dari and Pashto on the radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dari, Shughni"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib797,yes +587-location-1,587,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6092, 27.0812]]}",,,bib5330,no +587-speaker_number-1,587,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Possibly extinct,bib1798,yes +587-speakers-1,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Possibly extinct,bib1798,yes +587-speakers-2,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few""}",,There appear to be only a few speakers left in scattered spots in the region; there may also be a few speakers left in Sudan.,bib7640,no +587-speaker_number-3,587,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +587-speakers-3,587,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +587-LEI-1,587,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +587-vitality-1,587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1798,yes +587-LEI-2,587,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +587-vitality-2,587,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5870-context-1,5870,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Dari for education, religion, travel, trade, reading, government"", ""Dari and Pashto in schools"", ""Dari in religious activities"", ""Dari and Pashto on the radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Dari, Shughni"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,,bib801,yes 5870-context-2,5870,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... -Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Rushani gets us nowhere.’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7326,no -5870-location-1,5870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.078286, 71.585492]]}",,,bib7945,no -5870-location-2,5870,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Roshan area is located in the Northern part of the Shighn\u0101n district. This district is located in Northeast of Badakhshan province, which is the most North-Eastern province of Afghanistan [...] Roshan consists of six villages, five of them located on the bank of the river Panj that forms the border to Tajikistan [...] While in Roshan, we were told of a small Roshani population in a side valley of the Plain of Sheva called \u2018Little Sheva\u2019 (between Shighn\u0101n and Faizabad). [...] Roshani is also spoken in Tajikistan, across the river Panj."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.751667, 71.538333], [37.838333, 71.583056], [37.875833, 71.593333], [37.913333, 71.450278], [37.898611, 71.378889], [37.923611, 71.286389]]}",,Coordinates are for Roshan villages visited by author.,bib797,yes -5870-location-3,5870,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the Panj River from the village of Shipad in the north, through the Shidz and Barushon administrative districts, with their villages, as far as the regional centre Vomar (also called Kalai-Vomar or R\u016bshon); then further on to Pastkhuf in the south; also along the lower reaches of the Bartang River as far as the village of Jizev.""}",,,bib7326,no +Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Rushani gets us nowhere.’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7350,no +5870-location-1,5870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.078286, 71.585492]]}",,,bib7970,no +5870-location-2,5870,location,"{""Places"": [""Afghanistan"", ""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""The Roshan area is located in the Northern part of the Shighn\u0101n district. This district is located in Northeast of Badakhshan province, which is the most North-Eastern province of Afghanistan [...] Roshan consists of six villages, five of them located on the bank of the river Panj that forms the border to Tajikistan [...] While in Roshan, we were told of a small Roshani population in a side valley of the Plain of Sheva called \u2018Little Sheva\u2019 (between Shighn\u0101n and Faizabad). [...] Roshani is also spoken in Tajikistan, across the river Panj."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.751667, 71.538333], [37.838333, 71.583056], [37.875833, 71.593333], [37.913333, 71.450278], [37.898611, 71.378889], [37.923611, 71.286389]]}",,Coordinates are for Roshan villages visited by author.,bib801,yes +5870-location-3,5870,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan"", ""Afghanistan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken along the Panj River from the village of Shipad in the north, through the Shidz and Barushon administrative districts, with their villages, as far as the regional centre Vomar (also called Kalai-Vomar or R\u016bshon); then further on to Pastkhuf in the south; also along the lower reaches of the Bartang River as far as the village of Jizev.""}",,,bib7350,no 5870-location-4,5870,location,"{""Description"": ""The Roshanis live in the Pamirs in the Roshani District of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of the Tadzhik SSR, north of the Shughni domain. The centre is Kalai-Vomar, also called Roshan. The Roshani-speaking villages are situated on the right bank of the Pyandzh River between the villages of Akhdzev (Yakhdzev) and Shipad. Roshani is also spoken in the villages of the lower Bartang (Yemts, Baghu and Rid). In the 1950s about one hundred Roshani families were resettled to the Djilikul and Kumsagir villages in the Vakh valley, despite the fact that natural conditions in Roshani are conducive to agriculture -- sufficient arable land as well as orchards and good pastures exists.""}",,,bib213,no -5870-speaker_number-1,5870,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[The authors] estimate that about 7,000 Roshani speakers live in Afghanistan. In addition to these, there are about 18,000 speakers of the Roshani speech variety living in twelve villages in Tajikistan.",bib797,yes -5870-speakers-1,5870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"[The authors] estimate that about 7,000 Roshani speakers live in Afghanistan. In addition to these, there are about 18,000 speakers of the Roshani speech variety living in twelve villages in Tajikistan.",bib797,yes -5870-speaker_number-2,5870,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker count is only for Tajikistan.,bib7326,no -5870-speakers-2,5870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker count is only for Tajikistan.,bib7326,no +5870-speaker_number-1,5870,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"[The authors] estimate that about 7,000 Roshani speakers live in Afghanistan. In addition to these, there are about 18,000 speakers of the Roshani speech variety living in twelve villages in Tajikistan.",bib801,yes +5870-speakers-1,5870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"[The authors] estimate that about 7,000 Roshani speakers live in Afghanistan. In addition to these, there are about 18,000 speakers of the Roshani speech variety living in twelve villages in Tajikistan.",bib801,yes +5870-speaker_number-2,5870,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker count is only for Tajikistan.,bib7350,no +5870-speakers-2,5870,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker count is only for Tajikistan.,bib7350,no 5870-speakers-3,5870,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1939""}",,"Data concerning the Roshani population is to be found in the official list of the towns and villages in the Tadzhik SSR (Stalinabad 1932) -- there were 5,838 inhabitants in Roshan, including 653 in the village of Khufi and 424 in Baju. According to A. Dyakov, about 2,000 to 3,000 people lived in Afghanistan's Roshan on the left bank of the River Pyandzh. According to records from 1939, 5,300 Roshani lived in the Tadzhik SSR.",bib213,no -5870-LEI-1,5870,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib797,yes -5870-transmission-1,5870,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib797,yes -5870-domains_of_use-1,5870,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib797,yes -5870-vitality-1,5870,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib797,yes -5870-LEI-2,5870,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,no -5870-transmission-2,5870,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,no -5870-domains_of_use-2,5870,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,no -5870-speaker_number_trends-2,5870,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,no -5870-vitality-2,5870,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7326,no -5871-location-1,5871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.34966141, 138.4800794]]}",,,bib1182,no -5871-location-2,5871,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: South Australia, Adelaide area.""]}",,,bib5309,yes +5870-LEI-1,5870,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib801,yes +5870-transmission-1,5870,transmission,0,transmission-0,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib801,yes +5870-domains_of_use-1,5870,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib801,yes +5870-vitality-1,5870,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,The vitality of the Roshani speech variety is very high. All the children in the community learn Roshani as their first language and it is their only language until they start school. Roshani is the only language used in the home and in the community. [...] The vast majority of the respondents hold the opinion that Roshani will continue to be the language used mostly by their children and grandchildren.,bib801,yes +5870-LEI-2,5870,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,no +5870-transmission-2,5870,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,no +5870-domains_of_use-2,5870,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,no +5870-speaker_number_trends-2,5870,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,no +5870-vitality-2,5870,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing.",bib7350,no +5871-location-1,5871,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.34966141, 138.4800794]]}",,,bib1191,no +5871-location-2,5871,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: South Australia, Adelaide area.""]}",,,bib5332,yes 5871-speaker_number-1,5871,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,no 5871-speakers-1,5871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,no -5871-speakers-2,5871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Ceased to be a daily language in the 1890s. The last speaker died in 1927. Now nearly fully revived, with over fifty speakers.",bib5309,yes +5871-speakers-2,5871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Ceased to be a daily language in the 1890s. The last speaker died in 1927. Now nearly fully revived, with over fifty speakers.",bib5332,yes 5871-LEI-1,5871,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5871-vitality-1,5871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5871-LEI-2,5871,LEI,Awakening (),,Still endangered.,bib5309,yes -5871-transmission-2,5871,transmission,3,transmission-3,Still endangered.,bib5309,yes -5871-domains_of_use-2,5871,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Still endangered.,bib5309,yes -5871-vitality-2,5871,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Still endangered.,bib5309,yes +5871-LEI-2,5871,LEI,Awakening (),,Still endangered.,bib5332,yes +5871-transmission-2,5871,transmission,3,transmission-3,Still endangered.,bib5332,yes +5871-domains_of_use-2,5871,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Still endangered.,bib5332,yes +5871-vitality-2,5871,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Still endangered.,bib5332,yes 5872-location-1,5872,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos"", ""Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[18.8, 104.8]]}",,,bib67,no -5872-location-2,5872,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +5872-location-2,5872,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 5872-speaker_number-1,5872,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5872-speakers-1,5872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5872-speaker_number-2,5872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -5872-speakers-2,5872,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,042"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +5872-speaker_number-2,5872,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +5872-speakers-2,5872,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,042"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 5872-LEI-1,5872,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5872-vitality-1,5872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5872-LEI-2,5872,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5872-speaker_number_trends-2,5872,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5872-vitality-2,5872,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5873-context-1,5873,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,There are no governmental programs to support the language.,bib2866,yes -5873-context-2,5873,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7795,no -5873-location-1,5873,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Western Nepal""}",,,bib2866,yes -5873-location-2,5873,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Western Nepal""}",,,bib7795,no +5872-LEI-2,5872,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5872-speaker_number_trends-2,5872,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5872-vitality-2,5872,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5873-context-1,5873,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,There are no governmental programs to support the language.,bib2880,yes +5873-context-2,5873,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nepali""}",,,bib7820,no +5873-location-1,5873,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Western Nepal""}",,,bib2880,yes +5873-location-2,5873,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Western Nepal""}",,,bib7820,no 5873-location-3,5873,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.0, 84.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 5873-location-4,5873,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""]}",,,bib67,no -5873-speaker_number-1,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last fluent speakers are ""Gyani Maiya Sen, a 75-year-old woman from western Nepal"" and Kamala Khatri, who left Nepal to find work.",bib2866,yes -5873-speakers-1,5873,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The last fluent speakers are ""Gyani Maiya Sen, a 75-year-old woman from western Nepal"" and Kamala Khatri, who left Nepal to find work.",bib2866,yes -5873-speaker_number-2,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"“I feel very sad for not being able to speak with people from my own community. They neither understand nor speak the Kusunda language – it will die with me.” -- Gyani Maiya Sen, last fluent speaker",bib7795,no -5873-speakers-2,5873,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"“I feel very sad for not being able to speak with people from my own community. They neither understand nor speak the Kusunda language – it will die with me.” -- Gyani Maiya Sen, last fluent speaker",bib7795,no +5873-speaker_number-1,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last fluent speakers are ""Gyani Maiya Sen, a 75-year-old woman from western Nepal"" and Kamala Khatri, who left Nepal to find work.",bib2880,yes +5873-speakers-1,5873,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The last fluent speakers are ""Gyani Maiya Sen, a 75-year-old woman from western Nepal"" and Kamala Khatri, who left Nepal to find work.",bib2880,yes +5873-speaker_number-2,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"“I feel very sad for not being able to speak with people from my own community. They neither understand nor speak the Kusunda language – it will die with me.” -- Gyani Maiya Sen, last fluent speaker",bib7820,no +5873-speakers-2,5873,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"“I feel very sad for not being able to speak with people from my own community. They neither understand nor speak the Kusunda language – it will die with me.” -- Gyani Maiya Sen, last fluent speaker",bib7820,no 5873-speaker_number-3,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"7 (2005 SIL). 87 reported in 2001 census, living in Pyuthan, Dang and Tanahun. Ethnic population: 164.",bib67,no 5873-speakers-3,5873,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""164"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"7 (2005 SIL). 87 reported in 2001 census, living in Pyuthan, Dang and Tanahun. Ethnic population: 164.",bib67,no -5873-speaker_number-4,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib606,no -5873-speakers-4,5873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib606,no -5873-speaker_number-5,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Gyani Maya Kusunda, one of the two fluent mother-tongue speakers from a nearly extinct language, died last year in her hometown Lamahi, Dang in western Nepal.",bib7991,no -5873-speakers-5,5873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Gyani Maya Kusunda, one of the two fluent mother-tongue speakers from a nearly extinct language, died last year in her hometown Lamahi, Dang in western Nepal.",bib7991,no +5873-speaker_number-4,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib609,no +5873-speakers-4,5873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib609,no +5873-speaker_number-5,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Gyani Maya Kusunda, one of the two fluent mother-tongue speakers from a nearly extinct language, died last year in her hometown Lamahi, Dang in western Nepal.",bib8016,no +5873-speakers-5,5873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Gyani Maya Kusunda, one of the two fluent mother-tongue speakers from a nearly extinct language, died last year in her hometown Lamahi, Dang in western Nepal.",bib8016,no 5873-speaker_number-6,5873,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Gyanimaya Kusunda and her sister Kamala Kusunda, who are among the handful of people who can still speak their native language in its original form, were delighted to see a group of people from their community learning their language in a classroom of Aadarsha Secondary School in Lamahi, Dang, on Thursday. The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the Language Commission in a bid to preserve the dying Kusunda language. The commission has assigned 80-year-old Gyanimaya and 43-year-old Kamala as the resource persons for the language class."" -""At the moment, 20 people from the Kusunda community are taking the language course, but Awasthi said the class was open to anyone who wanted to learn the language.",bib4002,no +""At the moment, 20 people from the Kusunda community are taking the language course, but Awasthi said the class was open to anyone who wanted to learn the language.",bib4022,no 5873-speakers-6,5873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""2"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""20""}",,"Gyanimaya Kusunda and her sister Kamala Kusunda, who are among the handful of people who can still speak their native language in its original form, were delighted to see a group of people from their community learning their language in a classroom of Aadarsha Secondary School in Lamahi, Dang, on Thursday. The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the Language Commission in a bid to preserve the dying Kusunda language. The commission has assigned 80-year-old Gyanimaya and 43-year-old Kamala as the resource persons for the language class."" -""At the moment, 20 people from the Kusunda community are taking the language course, but Awasthi said the class was open to anyone who wanted to learn the language.",bib4002,no +""At the moment, 20 people from the Kusunda community are taking the language course, but Awasthi said the class was open to anyone who wanted to learn the language.",bib4022,no 5873-LEI-1,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Other Kusunda people... can only speak a few Kusunda words, but can't communicate [fully] in the language."" --- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2866,yes +-- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2880,yes 5873-transmission-1,5873,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Other Kusunda people... can only speak a few Kusunda words, but can't communicate [fully] in the language."" --- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2866,yes +-- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2880,yes 5873-domains_of_use-1,5873,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""Other Kusunda people... can only speak a few Kusunda words, but can't communicate [fully] in the language."" --- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2866,yes +-- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2880,yes 5873-speaker_number_trends-1,5873,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""Other Kusunda people... can only speak a few Kusunda words, but can't communicate [fully] in the language."" --- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2866,yes +-- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2880,yes 5873-vitality-1,5873,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Other Kusunda people... can only speak a few Kusunda words, but can't communicate [fully] in the language."" --- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2866,yes -5873-LEI-2,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7795,no -5873-vitality-2,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7795,no +-- Gyani Maiya Sen",bib2880,yes +5873-LEI-2,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7820,no +5873-vitality-2,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7820,no 5873-LEI-3,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5873-vitality-3,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5873-LEI-4,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -5873-vitality-4,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib606,no -5873-LEI-5,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7991,no -5873-vitality-5,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7991,no -5873-LEI-6,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4002,no -5873-transmission-6,5873,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4002,no -5873-speaker_number_trends-6,5873,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4002,no -5873-vitality-6,5873,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4002,no -5874-location-1,5874,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.609278, 104.922586]]}",,,bib7945,no -5874-location-2,5874,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Borikhan Province in Laos; also adjacent areas of Vietnam""}",,,bib1205,yes -5874-speaker_number-1,5874,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -5874-speakers-1,5874,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -5874-LEI-1,5874,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5874-speaker_number_trends-1,5874,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5874-vitality-1,5874,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5876-location-1,5876,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.682933, 105.784103]]}",,,bib7945,no -5876-location-2,5876,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Tuyen Hoa Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province.""}",,,bib1205,yes -5876-speaker_number-1,5876,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,About 500 group members including 189 in Vietnam; about half speakers.,bib1205,yes -5876-speakers-1,5876,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,About 500 group members including 189 in Vietnam; about half speakers.,bib1205,yes -5876-LEI-1,5876,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5876-speaker_number_trends-1,5876,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5876-vitality-1,5876,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5877-location-1,5877,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.856569, 104.036814]]}",,,bib7945,no +5873-LEI-4,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +5873-vitality-4,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib609,no +5873-LEI-5,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8016,no +5873-vitality-5,5873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8016,no +5873-LEI-6,5873,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4022,no +5873-transmission-6,5873,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib4022,no +5873-speaker_number_trends-6,5873,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib4022,no +5873-vitality-6,5873,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib4022,no +5874-location-1,5874,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.609278, 104.922586]]}",,,bib7970,no +5874-location-2,5874,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos and Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Borikhan Province in Laos; also adjacent areas of Vietnam""}",,,bib1214,yes +5874-speaker_number-1,5874,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +5874-speakers-1,5874,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +5874-LEI-1,5874,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5874-speaker_number_trends-1,5874,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5874-vitality-1,5874,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5876-location-1,5876,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.682933, 105.784103]]}",,,bib7970,no +5876-location-2,5876,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Tuyen Hoa Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province.""}",,,bib1214,yes +5876-speaker_number-1,5876,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,About 500 group members including 189 in Vietnam; about half speakers.,bib1214,yes +5876-speakers-1,5876,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,About 500 group members including 189 in Vietnam; about half speakers.,bib1214,yes +5876-LEI-1,5876,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5876-speaker_number_trends-1,5876,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5876-vitality-1,5876,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5877-location-1,5877,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.856569, 104.036814]]}",,,bib7970,no 5877-location-2,5877,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib233,yes 5877-location-3,5877,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no 5877-speaker_number-1,5877,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,yes @@ -57445,278 +57649,278 @@ The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the L 5877-vitality-1,5877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,yes 5877-LEI-2,5877,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5877-vitality-2,5877,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5878-location-1,5878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3333, 105.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -5878-location-2,5878,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -5878-speaker_number-1,5878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Small group of a few hundred, only some able to speak.",bib1205,yes -5878-speakers-1,5878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Small group of a few hundred, only some able to speak.",bib1205,yes -5878-LEI-1,5878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5878-vitality-1,5878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -5879-location-1,5879,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.920839, 105.400831]]}",,,bib7945,no -5879-location-2,5879,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +5878-location-1,5878,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3333, 105.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +5878-location-2,5878,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +5878-speaker_number-1,5878,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Small group of a few hundred, only some able to speak.",bib1214,yes +5878-speakers-1,5878,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Small group of a few hundred, only some able to speak.",bib1214,yes +5878-LEI-1,5878,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5878-vitality-1,5878,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +5879-location-1,5879,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.920839, 105.400831]]}",,,bib7970,no +5879-location-2,5879,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 5879-location-3,5879,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no 5879-speaker_number-1,5879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5879-speakers-1,5879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5879-speaker_number-2,5879,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -5879-speakers-2,5879,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes +5879-speaker_number-2,5879,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +5879-speakers-2,5879,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes 5879-speaker_number-3,5879,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,There are 800 speakers in Laos (Ferlus 1996).,bib67,no 5879-speakers-3,5879,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,There are 800 speakers in Laos (Ferlus 1996).,bib67,no 5879-LEI-1,5879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5879-vitality-1,5879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5879-LEI-2,5879,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5879-speaker_number_trends-2,5879,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5879-vitality-2,5879,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes +5879-LEI-2,5879,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5879-speaker_number_trends-2,5879,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5879-vitality-2,5879,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes 5879-LEI-3,5879,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5879-vitality-3,5879,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -588-location-1,588,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea, Gabon""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9997, 9.8657]]}",,,bib5307,no -588-location-2,588,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Benga wordt in Equatoriaal-Guinea gesproken door zo'n 3.000 mensen in R\u00edo Muni en op het eiland Corisco, en door een klein, niet nader gespecificeerd aantal, in Gabon.""}",,,bib6267,no +588-location-1,588,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea, Gabon""], ""Coordinates"": [[0.9997, 9.8657]]}",,,bib5330,no +588-location-2,588,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Benga wordt in Equatoriaal-Guinea gesproken door zo'n 3.000 mensen in R\u00edo Muni en op het eiland Corisco, en door een klein, niet nader gespecificeerd aantal, in Gabon.""}",,,bib6291,no 588-location-3,588,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.16666666667, 9.41666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 588-location-4,588,location,"{""Places"": [""Equatorial Guinea, Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Equatorial Guinea: Corisco Island, Rio Muni. Gabon: North of Libreville, Bata.""}",,,bib67,no -588-speaker_number-1,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by small groups of old people.,bib1786,yes -588-speakers-1,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by small groups of old people.,bib1786,yes -588-speaker_number-2,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -588-speakers-2,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -588-speaker_number-3,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6267,no -588-speakers-3,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6267,no +588-speaker_number-1,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by small groups of old people.,bib1798,yes +588-speakers-1,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by small groups of old people.,bib1798,yes +588-speaker_number-2,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +588-speakers-2,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +588-speaker_number-3,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6291,no +588-speakers-3,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6291,no 588-speaker_number-4,588,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 588-speakers-4,588,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -588-LEI-1,588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1786,yes -588-transmission-1,588,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1786,yes -588-vitality-1,588,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1786,yes -588-LEI-2,588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -588-vitality-2,588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -588-LEI-3,588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6267,no -588-vitality-3,588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6267,no +588-LEI-1,588,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1798,yes +588-transmission-1,588,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1798,yes +588-vitality-1,588,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1798,yes +588-LEI-2,588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +588-vitality-2,588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +588-LEI-3,588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6291,no +588-vitality-3,588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6291,no 588-LEI-4,588,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 588-vitality-4,588,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5881-context-1,5881,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +5881-context-1,5881,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 5881-location-1,5881,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0833333333, -106.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5881-location-2,5881,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico"", ""Arizona""]}",,,bib5217,yes +5881-location-2,5881,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico"", ""Arizona""]}",,,bib5240,yes 5881-location-3,5881,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico"", ""Arizona""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, North of Santa Fe; Arizona at Hano on Hopi Reservation""}",,"New Mexico, North of Santa Fe, Santa Clara, San Juan, San Ildefonso, Nambe, Tesuque, and Pojoaque pueblos; Arizona, Hopi Reservation, Hano.",bib67,no -5881-speaker_number-1,5881,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Tewa is a Kiowa-Tanoan language spoken in distinct local varieties at seven Pueblos in northern New Mexico and Arizona. These include Santa Clara, San Juan, San Ildefonso, Nambe, Tesuque, and Pojoaque in New Mexico, and in Arizona the village of Hano on the First Mesa at Hopi. There are approximately 1,200 speakers of Tewa in the New Mexico Pueblos out of a total enrollment of approximately 4,500. There are about 300 additional speakers at Hano, where at least some children are acquiring the language. At San Juan, the largest of the New Mexico Tewa Pueblos, as few as 30 fully fluent speakers remain in a population of about 2,000; most adults are semi-speakers, and no children are acquiring Tewa.",bib5217,yes -5881-speakers-1,5881,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500 in New Mexico"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Tewa is a Kiowa-Tanoan language spoken in distinct local varieties at seven Pueblos in northern New Mexico and Arizona. These include Santa Clara, San Juan, San Ildefonso, Nambe, Tesuque, and Pojoaque in New Mexico, and in Arizona the village of Hano on the First Mesa at Hopi. There are approximately 1,200 speakers of Tewa in the New Mexico Pueblos out of a total enrollment of approximately 4,500. There are about 300 additional speakers at Hano, where at least some children are acquiring the language. At San Juan, the largest of the New Mexico Tewa Pueblos, as few as 30 fully fluent speakers remain in a population of about 2,000; most adults are semi-speakers, and no children are acquiring Tewa.",bib5217,yes +5881-speaker_number-1,5881,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Tewa is a Kiowa-Tanoan language spoken in distinct local varieties at seven Pueblos in northern New Mexico and Arizona. These include Santa Clara, San Juan, San Ildefonso, Nambe, Tesuque, and Pojoaque in New Mexico, and in Arizona the village of Hano on the First Mesa at Hopi. There are approximately 1,200 speakers of Tewa in the New Mexico Pueblos out of a total enrollment of approximately 4,500. There are about 300 additional speakers at Hano, where at least some children are acquiring the language. At San Juan, the largest of the New Mexico Tewa Pueblos, as few as 30 fully fluent speakers remain in a population of about 2,000; most adults are semi-speakers, and no children are acquiring Tewa.",bib5240,yes +5881-speakers-1,5881,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,500 in New Mexico"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Tewa is a Kiowa-Tanoan language spoken in distinct local varieties at seven Pueblos in northern New Mexico and Arizona. These include Santa Clara, San Juan, San Ildefonso, Nambe, Tesuque, and Pojoaque in New Mexico, and in Arizona the village of Hano on the First Mesa at Hopi. There are approximately 1,200 speakers of Tewa in the New Mexico Pueblos out of a total enrollment of approximately 4,500. There are about 300 additional speakers at Hano, where at least some children are acquiring the language. At San Juan, the largest of the New Mexico Tewa Pueblos, as few as 30 fully fluent speakers remain in a population of about 2,000; most adults are semi-speakers, and no children are acquiring Tewa.",bib5240,yes 5881-speaker_number-2,5881,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1300 (2000 census). 50 Nambe, 25 Pojoaque, 349 San Ildefonso, 495 San Juan, 207 Santa Clara, 172 Tesuque (1980 US census). Ethnic population: 3,925 (2000 US census). (1500 (Golla 2007) [2016.)",bib67,no 5881-speakers-2,5881,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,925"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1300 (2000 census). 50 Nambe, 25 Pojoaque, 349 San Ildefonso, 495 San Juan, 207 Santa Clara, 172 Tesuque (1980 US census). Ethnic population: 3,925 (2000 US census). (1500 (Golla 2007) [2016.)",bib67,no -5881-LEI-1,5881,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -5881-transmission-1,5881,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -5881-domains_of_use-1,5881,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5217,yes -5881-speaker_number_trends-1,5881,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,yes -5881-vitality-1,5881,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,yes +5881-LEI-1,5881,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +5881-transmission-1,5881,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +5881-domains_of_use-1,5881,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5240,yes +5881-speaker_number_trends-1,5881,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,yes +5881-vitality-1,5881,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,yes 5881-LEI-2,5881,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5881-transmission-2,5881,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib67,no 5881-speaker_number_trends-2,5881,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib67,no 5881-vitality-2,5881,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib67,no 5882-location-1,5882,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.77, 104.23]]}",,,bib75,no -5882-location-2,5882,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Khammouan Province, southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -5882-speaker_number-1,5882,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Roughly 500 group members, about half able to speak; Phonsung is the name of a village where they formerly lived.",bib1205,yes -5882-speakers-1,5882,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Roughly 500 group members, about half able to speak; Phonsung is the name of a village where they formerly lived.",bib1205,yes -5882-LEI-1,5882,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5882-speaker_number_trends-1,5882,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5882-vitality-1,5882,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5883-location-1,5883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.981492, 105.622181]]}",,,bib7945,no -5883-location-2,5883,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -5883-speaker_number-1,5883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Over 1,000 group members including 904 in Vietnam, about half speakers.",bib1205,yes -5883-speakers-1,5883,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Over 1,000 group members including 904 in Vietnam, about half speakers.",bib1205,yes -5883-LEI-1,5883,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5883-speaker_number_trends-1,5883,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1205,yes -5883-vitality-1,5883,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -5884-location-1,5884,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.25, 105.0]]}",,,bib5307,no -5884-location-2,5884,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1205,no -5884-speakers-1,5884,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009""}",,"Kri adults are multilingual, speaking Kri, Vietnamese, Sek, Bro, and Lao.",bib2141,yes -5884-speaker_number-2,5884,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1205,no -5884-speakers-2,5884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1205,no -5884-LEI-1,5884,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2141,yes -5884-transmission-1,5884,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2141,yes -5884-speaker_number_trends-1,5884,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib2141,yes -5884-vitality-1,5884,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2141,yes -5884-LEI-2,5884,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,no -5884-vitality-2,5884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,no -5885-location-1,5885,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.228214, 99.852433]]}",,,bib7945,no -5885-location-2,5885,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Trat Province""}",,,bib1205,yes -5885-speaker_number-1,5885,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Group population 200, 40 speakers, the youngest in their 30s.",bib1205,yes -5885-speakers-1,5885,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Group population 200, 40 speakers, the youngest in their 30s.",bib1205,yes -5885-LEI-1,5885,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5885-transmission-1,5885,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,yes -5885-speaker_number_trends-1,5885,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -5885-vitality-1,5885,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes -5886-context-1,5886,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Balgo Adult Education Centre""}",,A bilingual programme is currently being run in the school at Balgo.,bib7278,no -5886-context-2,5886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pintupi-Luritja, Ngaanyatjarra, Martu Wangka, Walmajarri"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"[Speakers] are bilingual in the large languages Pintupi-Luritja, Ngaanyatjarra, Martu Wangka or Walmajarri, which put pressure on it.",bib5309,no +5882-location-2,5882,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Khammouan Province, southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +5882-speaker_number-1,5882,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Roughly 500 group members, about half able to speak; Phonsung is the name of a village where they formerly lived.",bib1214,yes +5882-speakers-1,5882,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Roughly 500 group members, about half able to speak; Phonsung is the name of a village where they formerly lived.",bib1214,yes +5882-LEI-1,5882,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5882-speaker_number_trends-1,5882,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5882-vitality-1,5882,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5883-location-1,5883,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.981492, 105.622181]]}",,,bib7970,no +5883-location-2,5883,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Quang Binh Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +5883-speaker_number-1,5883,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Over 1,000 group members including 904 in Vietnam, about half speakers.",bib1214,yes +5883-speakers-1,5883,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Over 1,000 group members including 904 in Vietnam, about half speakers.",bib1214,yes +5883-LEI-1,5883,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5883-speaker_number_trends-1,5883,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib1214,yes +5883-vitality-1,5883,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +5884-location-1,5884,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.25, 105.0]]}",,,bib5330,no +5884-location-2,5884,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Borikhan Province""}",,,bib1214,no +5884-speakers-1,5884,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009""}",,"Kri adults are multilingual, speaking Kri, Vietnamese, Sek, Bro, and Lao.",bib2154,yes +5884-speaker_number-2,5884,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1214,no +5884-speakers-2,5884,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~31"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1214,no +5884-LEI-1,5884,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2154,yes +5884-transmission-1,5884,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib2154,yes +5884-speaker_number_trends-1,5884,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib2154,yes +5884-vitality-1,5884,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2154,yes +5884-LEI-2,5884,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,no +5884-vitality-2,5884,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,no +5885-location-1,5885,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.228214, 99.852433]]}",,,bib7970,no +5885-location-2,5885,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Trat Province""}",,,bib1214,yes +5885-speaker_number-1,5885,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Group population 200, 40 speakers, the youngest in their 30s.",bib1214,yes +5885-speakers-1,5885,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Group population 200, 40 speakers, the youngest in their 30s.",bib1214,yes +5885-LEI-1,5885,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5885-transmission-1,5885,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,yes +5885-speaker_number_trends-1,5885,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +5885-vitality-1,5885,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes +5886-context-1,5886,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Balgo Adult Education Centre""}",,A bilingual programme is currently being run in the school at Balgo.,bib7302,no +5886-context-2,5886,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pintupi-Luritja, Ngaanyatjarra, Martu Wangka, Walmajarri"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"[Speakers] are bilingual in the large languages Pintupi-Luritja, Ngaanyatjarra, Martu Wangka or Walmajarri, which put pressure on it.",bib5332,no 5886-location-1,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5886-location-2,5886,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.51538798, 128.041832]]}",,,bib1182,no -5886-location-3,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.242549, 127.534736]]}",,[Spoken at] delta of Sturt Creek in Gregory Salt Sea and country to the east.,bib7278,no -5886-location-4,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1387,yes -5886-location-5,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, south of Hall's Creek, at Balgo, Lake Gregory and the area to the east.""]}",,,bib5309,no -5886-speaker_number-1,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -5886-speakers-1,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +5886-location-2,5886,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.51538798, 128.041832]]}",,,bib1191,no +5886-location-3,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.242549, 127.534736]]}",,[Spoken at] delta of Sturt Creek in Gregory Salt Sea and country to the east.,bib7302,no +5886-location-4,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1399,yes +5886-location-5,5886,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, south of Hall's Creek, at Balgo, Lake Gregory and the area to the east.""]}",,,bib5332,no +5886-speaker_number-1,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +5886-speakers-1,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 5886-speaker_number-2,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5886-speakers-2,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""580"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census.,bib67,no 5886-speaker_number-3,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 5886-speakers-3,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""447"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -5886-speaker_number-4,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Oates (1975) [reports] 300 speakers at Balgo Hills mission, Billiluna, Stuart Creek and Papunya.",bib7278,no -5886-speakers-4,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Oates (1975) [reports] 300 speakers at Balgo Hills mission, Billiluna, Stuart Creek and Papunya.",bib7278,no -5886-speaker_number-5,5886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5886-speakers-5,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5886-speaker_number-4,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Oates (1975) [reports] 300 speakers at Balgo Hills mission, Billiluna, Stuart Creek and Papunya.",bib7302,no +5886-speakers-4,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Oates (1975) [reports] 300 speakers at Balgo Hills mission, Billiluna, Stuart Creek and Papunya.",bib7302,no +5886-speaker_number-5,5886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5886-speakers-5,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5886-speaker_number-6,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5886-speakers-6,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5886-speaker_number-7,5886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1387,yes -5886-speakers-7,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1387,yes -5886-speaker_number-8,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -5886-speakers-8,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no -5886-LEI-1,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5886-vitality-1,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5886-speaker_number-7,5886,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1399,yes +5886-speakers-7,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1399,yes +5886-speaker_number-8,5886,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +5886-speakers-8,5886,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no +5886-LEI-1,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5886-vitality-1,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5886-LEI-2,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5886-vitality-2,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 5886-LEI-3,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 5886-vitality-3,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -5886-LEI-4,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,no -5886-vitality-4,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,no -5886-LEI-5,5886,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5886-vitality-5,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5886-LEI-4,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,no +5886-vitality-4,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,no +5886-LEI-5,5886,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5886-vitality-5,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5886-LEI-6,5886,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5886-vitality-6,5886,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5886-LEI-7,5886,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1387,yes -5886-transmission-7,5886,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1387,yes -5886-domains_of_use-7,5886,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1387,yes -5886-speaker_number_trends-7,5886,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1387,yes -5886-vitality-7,5886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1387,yes -5886-LEI-8,5886,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -5886-transmission-8,5886,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5309,no -5886-domains_of_use-8,5886,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5309,no -5886-speaker_number_trends-8,5886,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5309,no -5886-vitality-8,5886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no -590-context-1,590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""], ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Both Naro and Ju|'hoan have had language development efforts for over a decade. This may have resulted in more positive attitudes among the speakers of these languages.,bib3359,no +5886-LEI-7,5886,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1399,yes +5886-transmission-7,5886,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1399,yes +5886-domains_of_use-7,5886,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1399,yes +5886-speaker_number_trends-7,5886,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1399,yes +5886-vitality-7,5886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Central Australia is also home to 40 per cent of Australia’s ‘strong’ Indigenous languages... These languages, taught to children as their first language and spoken across all generations [include] Kukatja",bib1399,yes +5886-LEI-8,5886,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +5886-transmission-8,5886,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5332,no +5886-domains_of_use-8,5886,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5332,no +5886-speaker_number_trends-8,5886,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5332,no +5886-vitality-8,5886,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no +590-context-1,590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""], ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,Both Naro and Ju|'hoan have had language development efforts for over a decade. This may have resulted in more positive attitudes among the speakers of these languages.,bib3376,no 590-context-2,590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With the chief, at the clinic, church, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""!X\u00f3\u00f5, /Gwi, \u2260Kx'au//'ein, Afrikaans, English, Goo, Herero, Kgalagari, Nama, Ts'ao, Tswana"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used as medium of education in some preschools""}",,"Some booklets are being published and some adults are being taught to read and write Naro… Naro is being used as a medium of education in some preschools in Ghanzi District."" -""Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. ",bib3357,no -590-context-3,590,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kuru Development Trust""}",,Hessel and Coby Visser supported the standardization of Naro and fostered literacy in this language. The language is an important feature of Naro identity and language loyalty among Naro might be the strongest of all Khoisan speaking communities. Naro is one of the dominant languages in the Ghanzi district and there is a certain level of standardization reached through decades of language work done by the Kuru Development Trust.,bib1243,yes -590-context-5,590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kuru Development Trust"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 39.8%%; English: 25.4%%""}",,"The [Kuru Development] Trust has managed, for several years, to empower the Naro people through literacy, education and texts in the Naro language. This has resulted in enhanced linguistic vitality and cultural pride.",bib5302,no -590-context-6,590,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary, Bible translation, Kuru Development Trust, literacy classes and materials, Qauqaua book of folk tales""}",,,bib7602,no -590-location-1,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.156446, 21.88433]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""East Hanahai, West Hanahai, Chobokwane, New Xanagas, D'kar, Ghanzi, Bere, Kacgae, Kuke, Groot Laagte, Karakobis, Charles Hill, Kule""",bib3359,no +""Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. ",bib3374,no +590-context-3,590,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kuru Development Trust""}",,Hessel and Coby Visser supported the standardization of Naro and fostered literacy in this language. The language is an important feature of Naro identity and language loyalty among Naro might be the strongest of all Khoisan speaking communities. Naro is one of the dominant languages in the Ghanzi district and there is a certain level of standardization reached through decades of language work done by the Kuru Development Trust.,bib1252,yes +590-context-5,590,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Kuru Development Trust"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 39.8%%; English: 25.4%%""}",,"The [Kuru Development] Trust has managed, for several years, to empower the Naro people through literacy, education and texts in the Naro language. This has resulted in enhanced linguistic vitality and cultural pride.",bib5325,no +590-context-6,590,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Dictionary, Bible translation, Kuru Development Trust, literacy classes and materials, Qauqaua book of folk tales""}",,,bib7627,no +590-location-1,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.156446, 21.88433]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""East Hanahai, West Hanahai, Chobokwane, New Xanagas, D'kar, Ghanzi, Bere, Kacgae, Kuke, Groot Laagte, Karakobis, Charles Hill, Kule""",bib3376,no 590-location-2,590,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.3333333333, 20.5]]}",,,bib216,no 590-location-3,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi District, Ghanzi, Bere, Dekar, East Hanahai, West Hanahai, Kuke, New Kanagas, Tshobokwane, Makunda, Grootelaagte, Karakobis, Kanagas, Charles Hill, and commercial farms. Also in Namibia.""}",,,bib67,no -590-location-4,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia""}",,[Naro] is spoken primarily in Ghanzi District.,bib3357,no -590-location-5,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Namibia, western Ghanzi district of Botswana.""]}",,,bib4847,no -590-location-6,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Naro speakers work on commercial farms in the Ghanzi area. However, there are still some Naro villages, such as East- and West-Hanahai with 300 inhabitants each, and D\u2019Kar with 1000 Naro inhabitants. About 1000 Naro speakers live in the bordering area in Namibia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.677848, 21.717224]]}",,,bib1243,yes -590-location-7,590,location,"{""Description"": ""The Naro live along the Ghanzi Ridge, a 100-150 km wide ridge of sedentary and volcanic formation which runs along the road from Sandfontein to Maun. In fact, the road was built along the ridge. The area is rich in water and has been the traditional area of the Naro.""}",,,bib3837,no -590-location-8,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5302,no -590-location-9,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Gantsi District, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.308207, 24.489684], [-21.698744, 21.630093], [-21.693161, 20.920286]]}",,"The Naro language is mainly spoken in an area that stretches from Kuke in the Gantsi District in Botswana, through Gantsi town, to just over the border into Namibia.",bib7605,no -590-location-10,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""D'kar, Ghanzi District"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.53317, 21.934448]]}",,"This [Naro] population is spread out over a big area, stretching from over the border with Namibia through Ghanzi town to the Kike area in Ngamiland.",bib7602,no -590-speakers-1,590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,600-9,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +590-location-4,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia""}",,[Naro] is spoken primarily in Ghanzi District.,bib3374,no +590-location-5,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Namibia, western Ghanzi district of Botswana.""]}",,,bib4869,no +590-location-6,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""The majority of Naro speakers work on commercial farms in the Ghanzi area. However, there are still some Naro villages, such as East- and West-Hanahai with 300 inhabitants each, and D\u2019Kar with 1000 Naro inhabitants. About 1000 Naro speakers live in the bordering area in Namibia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.677848, 21.717224]]}",,,bib1252,yes +590-location-7,590,location,"{""Description"": ""The Naro live along the Ghanzi Ridge, a 100-150 km wide ridge of sedentary and volcanic formation which runs along the road from Sandfontein to Maun. In fact, the road was built along the ridge. The area is rich in water and has been the traditional area of the Naro.""}",,,bib3856,no +590-location-8,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5325,no +590-location-9,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Gantsi District, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.308207, 24.489684], [-21.698744, 21.630093], [-21.693161, 20.920286]]}",,"The Naro language is mainly spoken in an area that stretches from Kuke in the Gantsi District in Botswana, through Gantsi town, to just over the border into Namibia.",bib7630,no +590-location-10,590,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""D'kar, Ghanzi District"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.53317, 21.934448]]}",,"This [Naro] population is spread out over a big area, stretching from over the border with Namibia through Ghanzi town to the Kike area in Ngamiland.",bib7627,no +590-speakers-1,590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,600-9,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 590-speaker_number-2,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,000 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). Population total all countries: 14,000.",bib67,no 590-speakers-2,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,000 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). Population total all countries: 14,000.",bib67,no -590-speakers-3,590,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"6,000-8,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3357,no -590-speaker_number-4,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The name 'Naro' 'appears to hold no meaning other than being the specific designation for the language of this group.' (Guenther, 1986a, p 5) They use their language to differentiate themselves from other Bushmen.",bib4847,no -590-speakers-4,590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The name 'Naro' 'appears to hold no meaning other than being the specific designation for the language of this group.' (Guenther, 1986a, p 5) They use their language to differentiate themselves from other Bushmen.",bib4847,no -590-speaker_number-5,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Naro is spoken by roughly 10000 Naro as their first, and by about the same number of people as their second language.",bib1243,yes -590-speakers-5,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several thousand""}",,"Naro is spoken by roughly 10000 Naro as their first, and by about the same number of people as their second language.",bib1243,yes -590-speaker_number-6,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Naro is stable,bib605,no -590-speakers-6,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Naro is stable,bib605,no -590-speaker_number-7,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to Guenther (1986a) there are 9,000 Naro, 5,000 in Botswana and 4,000 in Namibia. Barnard (1992:135) gives the more modest figure 'more than 6,000'. According to Visser (1994) there are closer to 6,000 than to 15,000 Naro in Botswana. Hasselbring's estimation is that there are 8,000 Naro in the Ghanzi district (Hasselbring 1996:7). Whichever figure is most correct, we can conclude that the Naro is one of the major Khoisan groups. They may constitute something like 10 per cent of the Khoisan speaking people in Botswana.",bib3837,no -590-speakers-7,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to Guenther (1986a) there are 9,000 Naro, 5,000 in Botswana and 4,000 in Namibia. Barnard (1992:135) gives the more modest figure 'more than 6,000'. According to Visser (1994) there are closer to 6,000 than to 15,000 Naro in Botswana. Hasselbring's estimation is that there are 8,000 Naro in the Ghanzi district (Hasselbring 1996:7). Whichever figure is most correct, we can conclude that the Naro is one of the major Khoisan groups. They may constitute something like 10 per cent of the Khoisan speaking people in Botswana.",bib3837,no -590-speaker_number-8,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7605,no -590-speakers-8,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7605,no -590-speaker_number-9,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7602,no -590-speakers-9,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7602,no -590-speaker_number-10,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -590-speakers-10,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""about 9,000""}",,,bib1236,no -590-LEI-1,590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3359,no -590-domains_of_use-1,590,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3359,no -590-vitality-1,590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3359,no +590-speakers-3,590,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"6,000-8,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3374,no +590-speaker_number-4,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The name 'Naro' 'appears to hold no meaning other than being the specific designation for the language of this group.' (Guenther, 1986a, p 5) They use their language to differentiate themselves from other Bushmen.",bib4869,no +590-speakers-4,590,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The name 'Naro' 'appears to hold no meaning other than being the specific designation for the language of this group.' (Guenther, 1986a, p 5) They use their language to differentiate themselves from other Bushmen.",bib4869,no +590-speaker_number-5,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Naro is spoken by roughly 10000 Naro as their first, and by about the same number of people as their second language.",bib1252,yes +590-speakers-5,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several thousand""}",,"Naro is spoken by roughly 10000 Naro as their first, and by about the same number of people as their second language.",bib1252,yes +590-speaker_number-6,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Naro is stable,bib608,no +590-speakers-6,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Naro is stable,bib608,no +590-speaker_number-7,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to Guenther (1986a) there are 9,000 Naro, 5,000 in Botswana and 4,000 in Namibia. Barnard (1992:135) gives the more modest figure 'more than 6,000'. According to Visser (1994) there are closer to 6,000 than to 15,000 Naro in Botswana. Hasselbring's estimation is that there are 8,000 Naro in the Ghanzi district (Hasselbring 1996:7). Whichever figure is most correct, we can conclude that the Naro is one of the major Khoisan groups. They may constitute something like 10 per cent of the Khoisan speaking people in Botswana.",bib3856,no +590-speakers-7,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000-9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to Guenther (1986a) there are 9,000 Naro, 5,000 in Botswana and 4,000 in Namibia. Barnard (1992:135) gives the more modest figure 'more than 6,000'. According to Visser (1994) there are closer to 6,000 than to 15,000 Naro in Botswana. Hasselbring's estimation is that there are 8,000 Naro in the Ghanzi district (Hasselbring 1996:7). Whichever figure is most correct, we can conclude that the Naro is one of the major Khoisan groups. They may constitute something like 10 per cent of the Khoisan speaking people in Botswana.",bib3856,no +590-speaker_number-8,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7630,no +590-speakers-8,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7630,no +590-speaker_number-9,590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7627,no +590-speakers-9,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7627,no +590-speaker_number-10,590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +590-speakers-10,590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""about 9,000""}",,,bib1245,no +590-LEI-1,590,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3376,no +590-domains_of_use-1,590,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3376,no +590-vitality-1,590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Certainly the vitality of Naro was assisted by the relatively positive attitude that Afrikaans-speakers in Ghanzi have had toward Naro. Afrikaans-speaking ranchers are often bilingual in Naro to some degree. Afrikaans-speaking shop keepers often speak Naro to their customers.,bib3376,no 590-LEI-2,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 590-vitality-2,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -590-LEI-3,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3357,no -590-domains_of_use-3,590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3357,no -590-speaker_number_trends-3,590,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3357,no -590-vitality-3,590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3357,no -590-LEI-4,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4847,no -590-vitality-4,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4847,no -590-LEI-5,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -590-vitality-5,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -590-LEI-6,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -590-vitality-6,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no -590-LEI-7,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3837,no -590-vitality-7,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3837,no -590-LEI-8,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7605,no -590-vitality-8,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7605,no -590-LEI-9,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7602,no -590-vitality-9,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7602,no -590-LEI-10,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -590-vitality-10,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1236,no -592-context-1,592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1241,yes -592-context-2,592,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Three N|u speaking elders confirmed that the primary perceived cause of language loss was ecological. The farmers, who controlled their lives and welfare, were hostile to them. Their language was stigmatised along with their identity. They were like immigrants suddenly surrounded by a foreign tongue and living amongst other people, even though they were still present on their ancestral lands... There was not a shift in values or identity for the old people. The world changed under their feet and there was no obvious reason to teach the language to their children. None of the elders ever confided to me that it was a strategy of theirs to hide their culture and language from the children. Nonetheless, this was the cumulative effect.",bib1894,no -592-context-3,592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, Khoekhoegowab, Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All N|uu speakers have shifted to a primary mode of communication of Afrikaans.,bib1312,no -592-location-1,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Three speakers live in Upington and two live in Olifantshoek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-27.935574, 22.734146], [-28.446959, 21.270905]]}",,,bib1241,yes -592-location-2,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""]}",,,bib3180,no -592-location-3,592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.0105, 20.363]]}",,,bib5307,no +590-LEI-3,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3374,no +590-domains_of_use-3,590,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3374,no +590-speaker_number_trends-3,590,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3374,no +590-vitality-3,590,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Forty three percent of those [in the Ghanzi District] who speak a language other than the one they learned from their parents best said that they speak Naro best. According to this data, Naro has in this generation gained more speakers than it lost.",bib3374,no +590-LEI-4,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4869,no +590-vitality-4,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4869,no +590-LEI-5,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +590-vitality-5,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +590-LEI-6,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +590-vitality-6,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no +590-LEI-7,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3856,no +590-vitality-7,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3856,no +590-LEI-8,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7630,no +590-vitality-8,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7630,no +590-LEI-9,590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7627,no +590-vitality-9,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7627,no +590-LEI-10,590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +590-vitality-10,590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1245,no +592-context-1,592,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib1250,yes +592-context-2,592,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Three N|u speaking elders confirmed that the primary perceived cause of language loss was ecological. The farmers, who controlled their lives and welfare, were hostile to them. Their language was stigmatised along with their identity. They were like immigrants suddenly surrounded by a foreign tongue and living amongst other people, even though they were still present on their ancestral lands... There was not a shift in values or identity for the old people. The world changed under their feet and there was no obvious reason to teach the language to their children. None of the elders ever confided to me that it was a strategy of theirs to hide their culture and language from the children. Nonetheless, this was the cumulative effect.",bib1906,no +592-context-3,592,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, Khoekhoegowab, Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All N|uu speakers have shifted to a primary mode of communication of Afrikaans.,bib1321,no +592-location-1,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Three speakers live in Upington and two live in Olifantshoek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-27.935574, 22.734146], [-28.446959, 21.270905]]}",,,bib1250,yes +592-location-2,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""]}",,,bib3195,no +592-location-3,592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-26.0105, 20.363]]}",,,bib5330,no 592-location-4,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""]}",,,bib67,no -592-location-5,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Four [speakers] stay in the vicinity of Upington, two in the Andriesvale area and one in Olifantshoek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-27.935574, 22.734146], [-28.446959, 21.270905], [-26.902936, 20.683308]]}",,,bib1243,no -592-location-6,592,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by eleven elderly people in Siyanda district in the Kalahari Desert of South Africa and across the border in Kgalagadi District of Botswana.""}",,,bib1894,no -592-speaker_number-1,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The last male speaker of N||ng passed away in March 2013. There are now five elderly female speakers: three sisters in Upington and two women in Olifantshoek. There are a few semi-speakers who remember words.,bib1241,yes -592-speakers-1,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Few""}",,The last male speaker of N||ng passed away in March 2013. There are now five elderly female speakers: three sisters in Upington and two women in Olifantshoek. There are a few semi-speakers who remember words.,bib1241,yes -592-speaker_number-2,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3180,no -592-speakers-2,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib3180,no -592-speaker_number-3,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -592-speakers-3,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -592-speaker_number-4,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib606,no -592-speakers-4,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib606,no +592-location-5,592,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa""], ""Description"": ""Four [speakers] stay in the vicinity of Upington, two in the Andriesvale area and one in Olifantshoek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-27.935574, 22.734146], [-28.446959, 21.270905], [-26.902936, 20.683308]]}",,,bib1252,no +592-location-6,592,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by eleven elderly people in Siyanda district in the Kalahari Desert of South Africa and across the border in Kgalagadi District of Botswana.""}",,,bib1906,no +592-speaker_number-1,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,The last male speaker of N||ng passed away in March 2013. There are now five elderly female speakers: three sisters in Upington and two women in Olifantshoek. There are a few semi-speakers who remember words.,bib1250,yes +592-speakers-1,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Few""}",,The last male speaker of N||ng passed away in March 2013. There are now five elderly female speakers: three sisters in Upington and two women in Olifantshoek. There are a few semi-speakers who remember words.,bib1250,yes +592-speaker_number-2,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3195,no +592-speakers-2,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,,bib3195,no +592-speaker_number-3,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +592-speakers-3,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +592-speaker_number-4,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib609,no +592-speakers-4,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib609,no 592-speaker_number-5,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"12 (2005 Crawhall), decreasing. Ethnic population: 500 (1998 Nigel Crawhall, South African San Institute)",bib67,no 592-speakers-5,592,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"12 (2005 Crawhall), decreasing. Ethnic population: 500 (1998 Nigel Crawhall, South African San Institute)",bib67,no -592-speaker_number-6,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1243,no -592-speakers-6,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,,bib1243,no -592-speaker_number-7,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib605,no -592-speakers-7,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib605,no -592-speaker_number-8,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1894,no -592-speakers-8,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1894,no -592-speaker_number-9,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1312,no -592-speakers-9,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Just a few elders"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1312,no -592-speakers-10,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib764,no +592-speaker_number-6,592,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1252,no +592-speakers-6,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3""}",,,bib1252,no +592-speaker_number-7,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib608,no +592-speakers-7,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib608,no +592-speaker_number-8,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1906,no +592-speakers-8,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1906,no +592-speaker_number-9,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1321,no +592-speakers-9,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Just a few elders"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1321,no +592-speakers-10,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib768,no 592-speaker_number-11,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 592-speakers-11,592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -592-speaker_number-12,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1236,no -592-speakers-12,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""Less than 20""}",,,bib1236,no -592-LEI-1,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1241,yes -592-transmission-1,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1241,yes -592-domains_of_use-1,592,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1241,yes -592-speaker_number_trends-1,592,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1241,yes -592-vitality-1,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1241,yes -592-LEI-2,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3180,no -592-transmission-2,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3180,no -592-vitality-2,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3180,no -592-LEI-3,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -592-vitality-3,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -592-LEI-4,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib606,no -592-transmission-4,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib606,no -592-vitality-4,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib606,no +592-speaker_number-12,592,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1245,no +592-speakers-12,592,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""600"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""Less than 20""}",,,bib1245,no +592-LEI-1,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1250,yes +592-transmission-1,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1250,yes +592-domains_of_use-1,592,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1250,yes +592-speaker_number_trends-1,592,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1250,yes +592-vitality-1,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All N||ng speakers use exclusively Afrikaans in their daily lives, and only speak N||ng a few times a year when brought together by linguists.",bib1250,yes +592-LEI-2,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3195,no +592-transmission-2,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3195,no +592-vitality-2,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3195,no +592-LEI-3,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +592-vitality-3,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +592-LEI-4,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib609,no +592-transmission-4,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib609,no +592-vitality-4,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib609,no 592-LEI-5,592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 592-vitality-5,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -592-LEI-6,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1243,no -592-transmission-6,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1243,no -592-domains_of_use-6,592,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1243,no -592-vitality-6,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1243,no -592-LEI-7,592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -592-vitality-7,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no -592-LEI-8,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1894,no -592-transmission-8,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1894,no -592-vitality-8,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1894,no -592-LEI-9,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1312,no -592-transmission-9,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1312,no -592-speaker_number_trends-9,592,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1312,no -592-vitality-9,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1312,no +592-LEI-6,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1252,no +592-transmission-6,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1252,no +592-domains_of_use-6,592,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1252,no +592-vitality-6,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"These speakers, who are all elderly people, no longer use N||ng in their daily lives. They communicate in N||ng, however, when brought together by linguists and activists, which happened quite often in the last couple of years. In addition, there are three semi-speakers of N||ng (one at each of the above mentioned places [Upington, Andriesvale, and Olifantshoek]), who are no longer fluent in the language, but still remember lexical items and a few phrases.",bib1252,no +592-LEI-7,592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +592-vitality-7,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no +592-LEI-8,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1906,no +592-transmission-8,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1906,no +592-vitality-8,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1906,no +592-LEI-9,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1321,no +592-transmission-9,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1321,no +592-speaker_number_trends-9,592,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1321,no +592-vitality-9,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1321,no 592-LEI-10,592,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 592-vitality-10,592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -592-LEI-11,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -592-transmission-11,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1236,no -592-vitality-11,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1236,no -5925-location-1,5925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.786503, 33.633736]]}",,,bib7945,no +592-LEI-11,592,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +592-transmission-11,592,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1245,no +592-vitality-11,592,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1245,no +5925-location-1,5925,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.786503, 33.633736]]}",,,bib7970,no 5925-speaker_number-1,5925,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib13,yes 5925-speakers-1,5925,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib13,yes 5925-speakers-2,5925,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no 5925-LEI-1,5925,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 5925-vitality-1,5925,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes -5929-location-1,5929,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.402267, 36.005147]]}",,,bib7945,no +5929-location-1,5929,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.402267, 36.005147]]}",,,bib7970,no 5929-speaker_number-1,5929,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 5929-speakers-1,5929,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4685"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,570"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 5929-speaker_number-2,5929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib14,no @@ -57725,70 +57929,70 @@ The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the L 5929-vitality-1,5929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 5929-LEI-2,5929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib14,no 5929-vitality-2,5929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib14,no -593-context-1,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3359,no +593-context-1,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3376,no 593-context-2,593,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana; Kgalagadi; Herero; Naro; |Gwi;""}",,"People older than 10 who have been to school or have lived with speakers of other languages also use Tswana [tsn], Kgalagadi [xkv], Herero [her], Naro [nhr], or |Gwi [gwj].",bib67,no -593-context-3,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""At the lands or cattle post, to the chief, at the clinic, prayer, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Naro, Kgalagari, Tswana""}",,"Anthony Traill has published a dictionary, a phonological study and numerous articles about !Xóõ... Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. ",bib3357,no -593-context-4,593,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kgalagadi; Afrikaans; Nama""}",,,bib1243,yes -593-context-5,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 14.6%%; English: 19.8%%""}",,"...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift.",bib5302,no -593-location-1,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Kweneng, Southern, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.453168, 20.516109]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Ngwatle, Ukwi, Inalegolo, Make, Kutuku, Bere, Zutswa, Kacgae, Monong, Kokotsha, Khakhea, Kang, Hunhukwa, Hukuntsi, Morwamosu, Khekhenya, Lokgwabe, Keng, Tshane, Lehututu, Kokong, Mabutsane, Sekoma, Dultwe, Tsetseng, Tswaane""",bib3359,no +593-context-3,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""At the lands or cattle post, to the chief, at the clinic, prayer, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Naro, Kgalagari, Tswana""}",,"Anthony Traill has published a dictionary, a phonological study and numerous articles about !Xóõ... Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. ",bib3374,no +593-context-4,593,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kgalagadi; Afrikaans; Nama""}",,,bib1252,yes +593-context-5,593,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed negative"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 14.6%%; English: 19.8%%""}",,"...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift.",bib5325,no +593-location-1,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Kweneng, Southern, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.453168, 20.516109]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Ngwatle, Ukwi, Inalegolo, Make, Kutuku, Bere, Zutswa, Kacgae, Monong, Kokotsha, Khakhea, Kang, Hunhukwa, Hukuntsi, Morwamosu, Khekhenya, Lokgwabe, Keng, Tshane, Lehututu, Kokong, Mabutsane, Sekoma, Dultwe, Tsetseng, Tswaane""",bib3376,no 593-location-2,593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.0, 21.5]]}",,,bib216,no 593-location-3,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""]}",,,bib67,no -593-location-4,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Ghanzi, Botswana; Namibia""}",,,bib3357,no -593-location-5,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern & Western Botswana"", ""Eastern Namibia""]}",,,bib4847,no -593-location-6,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""The majority of [Taa speakers] live scattered over a huge area in southwestern Botswana, and 300 (+/- 50) in an area known as Corridor, next to the Botswana border in Namibia (DoBeS Taa Project)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.382598, 21.566162], [-23.48466, 19.905853]]}",,,bib1243,yes -593-location-7,593,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by small groups of people spread out over a large part of southern Botswana... the relevant area is more than 500km from Sekoma in the east to Aminuis (in Namibia) in the west. From Takatswane in the north to Makopong in the south, the distance is approximately 300km... The speakers live in small groups and it is not the case that all the groups are in contact with one another.""}",,,bib3837,no -593-location-8,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""]}",,,bib1894,no -593-location-9,593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.1367, 20.1049]]}",,,bib5307,no -593-location-10,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5302,no -593-speakers-1,593,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,600-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +593-location-4,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Ghanzi, Botswana; Namibia""}",,,bib3374,no +593-location-5,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern & Western Botswana"", ""Eastern Namibia""]}",,,bib4869,no +593-location-6,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""The majority of [Taa speakers] live scattered over a huge area in southwestern Botswana, and 300 (+/- 50) in an area known as Corridor, next to the Botswana border in Namibia (DoBeS Taa Project)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.382598, 21.566162], [-23.48466, 19.905853]]}",,,bib1252,yes +593-location-7,593,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken by small groups of people spread out over a large part of southern Botswana... the relevant area is more than 500km from Sekoma in the east to Aminuis (in Namibia) in the west. From Takatswane in the north to Makopong in the south, the distance is approximately 300km... The speakers live in small groups and it is not the case that all the groups are in contact with one another.""}",,,bib3856,no +593-location-8,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""]}",,,bib1906,no +593-location-9,593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.1367, 20.1049]]}",,,bib5330,no +593-location-10,593,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5325,no +593-speakers-1,593,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,600-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 593-speaker_number-2,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,4000 in Botswana.,bib67,no 593-speakers-2,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,4000 in Botswana.,bib67,no -593-speakers-3,593,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"3,000-4,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3357,no -593-speaker_number-4,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia.",bib4847,no -593-speakers-4,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia.",bib4847,no -593-speaker_number-5,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1243,yes -593-speakers-5,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1243,yes -593-speaker_number-6,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2511,no -593-speakers-6,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2511,no -593-speaker_number-7,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3837,no -593-speakers-7,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3837,no -593-speaker_number-8,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia,bib1894,no -593-speakers-8,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia,bib1894,no -593-speaker_number-9,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -593-speakers-9,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +593-speakers-3,593,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"3,000-4,000 speakers in Botswana",bib3374,no +593-speaker_number-4,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia.",bib4869,no +593-speakers-4,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia.",bib4869,no +593-speaker_number-5,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1252,yes +593-speakers-5,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1252,yes +593-speaker_number-6,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2524,no +593-speakers-6,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2524,no +593-speaker_number-7,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3856,no +593-speakers-7,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3856,no +593-speaker_number-8,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia,bib1906,no +593-speakers-8,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several thousand"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia,bib1906,no +593-speaker_number-9,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +593-speakers-9,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 593-speaker_number-10,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 593-speakers-10,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -593-speaker_number-11,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -593-speakers-11,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1236,no -593-LEI-1,593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3359,no -593-domains_of_use-1,593,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3359,no -593-vitality-1,593,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3359,no +593-speaker_number-11,593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +593-speakers-11,593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1245,no +593-LEI-1,593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3376,no +593-domains_of_use-1,593,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3376,no +593-vitality-1,593,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts.,bib3376,no 593-LEI-2,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 593-vitality-2,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -593-LEI-3,593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3357,no -593-domains_of_use-3,593,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3357,no -593-vitality-3,593,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3357,no -593-LEI-4,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4847,no -593-vitality-4,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4847,no -593-LEI-5,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama",bib1243,yes -593-vitality-5,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama",bib1243,yes -593-LEI-6,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -593-vitality-6,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no -593-LEI-7,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3837,no -593-vitality-7,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3837,no -593-LEI-8,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1894,no -593-vitality-8,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1894,no -593-LEI-9,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -593-vitality-9,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +593-LEI-3,593,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3374,no +593-domains_of_use-3,593,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3374,no +593-vitality-3,593,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3374,no +593-LEI-4,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4869,no +593-vitality-4,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4869,no +593-LEI-5,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama",bib1252,yes +593-vitality-5,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama",bib1252,yes +593-LEI-6,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +593-vitality-6,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no +593-LEI-7,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3856,no +593-vitality-7,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3856,no +593-LEI-8,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1906,no +593-vitality-8,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1906,no +593-LEI-9,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +593-vitality-9,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 593-LEI-10,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 593-vitality-10,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -593-LEI-11,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -593-vitality-11,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1236,no -5930-location-1,5930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.479, 36.3647]]}",,,bib5307,no +593-LEI-11,593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +593-vitality-11,593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1245,no +5930-location-1,5930,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.479, 36.3647]]}",,,bib5330,no 5930-location-2,5930,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Description"": ""The Chara live in Ch'och'a area scattered in three different villages: Geba_a mes\u030ca, Buna anta and Kumba.""}",,,bib361,no 5930-location-3,5930,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -5930-speaker_number-1,5930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5930-speakers-1,5930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,932"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +5930-speaker_number-1,5930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5930-speakers-1,5930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,932"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 5930-speaker_number-2,5930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 5930-speakers-2,5930,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6976"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,932"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 5930-speaker_number-3,5930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib361,no @@ -57797,8 +58001,8 @@ The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the L 5930-speakers-4,5930,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,932"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5930-speaker_number-5,5930,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5930-speakers-5,5930,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,984"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,930"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5930-LEI-1,5930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5930-vitality-1,5930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +5930-LEI-1,5930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5930-vitality-1,5930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 5930-LEI-2,5930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 5930-vitality-2,5930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes 5930-LEI-3,5930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib361,no @@ -57807,666 +58011,666 @@ The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the L 5930-vitality-4,5930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5930-LEI-5,5930,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5930-vitality-5,5930,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5931-location-1,5931,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.849491, 34.820309]]}",,,bib4443,no +5931-location-1,5931,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.849491, 34.820309]]}",,,bib4464,no 5931-speaker_number-1,5931,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib13,yes 5931-speakers-1,5931,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7323"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,715"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib13,yes 5931-LEI-1,5931,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 5931-vitality-1,5931,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes -5932-location-1,5932,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.748522, 35.949797]]}",,,bib7945,no +5932-location-1,5932,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.748522, 35.949797]]}",,,bib7970,no 5932-speaker_number-1,5932,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib13,yes 5932-speakers-1,5932,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""13164"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,116"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib13,yes 5932-LEI-1,5932,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib13,yes 5932-vitality-1,5932,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib13,yes -5934-context-1,5934,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English""}",,"Children knew a few words, but spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English.",bib5309,no -5934-location-1,5934,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.492, 123.84]]}",,,bib1182,no -5934-location-2,5934,location,"{""Description"": ""Traditionally Mangala people lived in the north-western section of the Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia.""}",,,bib1586,yes -5934-location-3,5934,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Broome, on the Jurgurra Creek, at the Edgar Range, West Pilbara.""]}",,,bib5309,no -5934-speaker_number-1,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5934-speakers-1,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5934-speaker_number-2,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -5934-speakers-2,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -5934-speaker_number-3,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.,bib1586,yes -5934-speakers-3,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.,bib1586,yes -5934-speaker_number-4,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly.",bib5309,no -5934-speakers-4,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly.",bib5309,no -5934-LEI-1,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5934-vitality-1,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5934-LEI-2,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5934-vitality-2,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -5934-LEI-3,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes -5934-vitality-3,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1586,yes -5934-LEI-4,5934,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5309,no -5934-transmission-4,5934,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5309,no -5934-domains_of_use-4,5934,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5309,no -5934-speaker_number_trends-4,5934,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5309,no -5934-vitality-4,5934,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5309,no -5935-speaker_number-1,5935,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -5935-speakers-1,5935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -5935-LEI-1,5935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -5935-vitality-1,5935,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -5937-location-1,5937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.435231, 104.4286]]}",,,bib7945,no -5937-location-2,5937,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Thanh Hoa Province; Laos: northeastern Xieng Khouang Province""}",,,bib1205,yes +5934-context-1,5934,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol, Aboriginal English""}",,"Children knew a few words, but spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English.",bib5332,no +5934-location-1,5934,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-19.492, 123.84]]}",,,bib1191,no +5934-location-2,5934,location,"{""Description"": ""Traditionally Mangala people lived in the north-western section of the Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia.""}",,,bib1598,yes +5934-location-3,5934,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Broome, on the Jurgurra Creek, at the Edgar Range, West Pilbara.""]}",,,bib5332,no +5934-speaker_number-1,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5934-speakers-1,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5934-speaker_number-2,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +5934-speakers-2,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +5934-speaker_number-3,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.,bib1598,yes +5934-speakers-3,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups.,bib1598,yes +5934-speaker_number-4,5934,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly.",bib5332,no +5934-speakers-4,5934,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly.",bib5332,no +5934-LEI-1,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5934-vitality-1,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5934-LEI-2,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5934-vitality-2,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +5934-LEI-3,5934,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1598,yes +5934-vitality-3,5934,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1598,yes +5934-LEI-4,5934,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5332,no +5934-transmission-4,5934,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5332,no +5934-domains_of_use-4,5934,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5332,no +5934-speaker_number_trends-4,5934,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5332,no +5934-vitality-4,5934,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund.,bib5332,no +5935-speaker_number-1,5935,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +5935-speakers-1,5935,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +5935-LEI-1,5935,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +5935-vitality-1,5935,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +5937-location-1,5937,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.435231, 104.4286]]}",,,bib7970,no +5937-location-2,5937,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam and Laos""], ""Description"": ""Vietnam: western Thanh Hoa Province; Laos: northeastern Xieng Khouang Province""}",,,bib1214,yes 5937-location-3,5937,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam"", ""Laos""]}",,,bib67,no 5937-speaker_number-1,5937,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5937-speakers-1,5937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""495"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5937-speaker_number-2,5937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A group of about 200, of whom only some 30 middle-aged and elderly people can still speak the language.",bib1205,yes -5937-speakers-2,5937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A group of about 200, of whom only some 30 middle-aged and elderly people can still speak the language.",bib1205,yes +5937-speaker_number-2,5937,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"A group of about 200, of whom only some 30 middle-aged and elderly people can still speak the language.",bib1214,yes +5937-speakers-2,5937,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"A group of about 200, of whom only some 30 middle-aged and elderly people can still speak the language.",bib1214,yes 5937-speaker_number-3,5937,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 in Viet Nam (1999 census). Population total all countries: 490,bib67,no 5937-speakers-3,5937,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (census) Viet Nam"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 in Viet Nam (1999 census). Population total all countries: 490,bib67,no 5937-LEI-1,5937,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5937-vitality-1,5937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5937-LEI-2,5937,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -5937-transmission-2,5937,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,yes -5937-speaker_number_trends-2,5937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1205,yes -5937-vitality-2,5937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes +5937-LEI-2,5937,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +5937-transmission-2,5937,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,yes +5937-speaker_number_trends-2,5937,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1214,yes +5937-vitality-2,5937,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes 5937-LEI-3,5937,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5937-vitality-3,5937,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5938-location-1,5938,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9582, 98.789]]}",,,bib5307,no -5938-location-2,5938,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chiangmai Province, west of Mae Rim District""}",,,bib1205,yes -5938-speakers-1,5938,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200""}",,"About 200 group members, but language moribund or extinct.",bib1205,yes -5938-LEI-1,5938,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1205,yes -5938-vitality-1,5938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1205,yes -594-context-1,594,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With and among children"", ""to clinic workers""]}",,,bib3359,no -594-context-2,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shekgalagari, Setswana, \u01c2Gana, Afrikaans"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Given the social status and economic privileges associated with Shekgalagari, the areally dominant language, and Setswana, the national language, most ǂHua communities became bilingual, and even trilingual in the three languages, namely ǂHua, Shekgalagari and Setswana. Some individuals also became acquainted with other languages such as ǂGana (Khutle), which extends into the area, and some picked up Afrikaans from South Africa or the Afrikaner farms in the Ghanzi district.",bib763,no -594-context-3,594,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Shops, officials, doctors, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""G\u01c0ui; Kgalagadi;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Most of the ǂHoan consultants are trilingual, i.e. they speak Gǀui (Khoe-Kwadi) and Kgalagadi (Bantu) fluently besides ǂHoan... all of them are able to understand Tswana to some extent, but almost none of the consultants are actively able to speak it.... We often observed that people try to hide their own or their children's 'Khoisan' origin, which indicates that they consider the 'Khoisan' languages of the area (i.e. ǂHoan, Gǀui and Taa) as not prestigious.... speakers of ǂHoan generally have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue. However, since it is not rated positively in Botswana society to speak a Khoisan language, ǂHoan speakers decide not to speak their mother tongue to the younger generations, opting instead for the language of higher prestige, Kgalagadi.",bib893,no -594-context-4,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi, Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All children""}",,,bib1243,yes -594-context-5,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""SheKgalaghari; Setswana""}",,,bib1236,no -594-location-1,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kweneng"", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.006326, 23.990965]]}",,Cattle posts of Dutlwe and Khudumalajwe. Also cattle posts in western Mahalapye sub-district.,bib3359,no -594-location-2,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Most of the \u01c2Hua people are found in Tshwane and Dutlwe villages in the Kweneng District of Botswana, about 150 kilometers west of Molepolole.""}",,,bib763,no +5938-location-1,5938,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.9582, 98.789]]}",,,bib5330,no +5938-location-2,5938,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chiangmai Province, west of Mae Rim District""}",,,bib1214,yes +5938-speakers-1,5938,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~200""}",,"About 200 group members, but language moribund or extinct.",bib1214,yes +5938-LEI-1,5938,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1214,yes +5938-vitality-1,5938,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1214,yes +594-context-1,594,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With and among children"", ""to clinic workers""]}",,,bib3376,no +594-context-2,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shekgalagari, Setswana, \u01c2Gana, Afrikaans"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Given the social status and economic privileges associated with Shekgalagari, the areally dominant language, and Setswana, the national language, most ǂHua communities became bilingual, and even trilingual in the three languages, namely ǂHua, Shekgalagari and Setswana. Some individuals also became acquainted with other languages such as ǂGana (Khutle), which extends into the area, and some picked up Afrikaans from South Africa or the Afrikaner farms in the Ghanzi district.",bib767,no +594-context-3,594,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Shops, officials, doctors, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""G\u01c0ui; Kgalagadi;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Most of the ǂHoan consultants are trilingual, i.e. they speak Gǀui (Khoe-Kwadi) and Kgalagadi (Bantu) fluently besides ǂHoan... all of them are able to understand Tswana to some extent, but almost none of the consultants are actively able to speak it.... We often observed that people try to hide their own or their children's 'Khoisan' origin, which indicates that they consider the 'Khoisan' languages of the area (i.e. ǂHoan, Gǀui and Taa) as not prestigious.... speakers of ǂHoan generally have a very positive attitude towards their mother tongue. However, since it is not rated positively in Botswana society to speak a Khoisan language, ǂHoan speakers decide not to speak their mother tongue to the younger generations, opting instead for the language of higher prestige, Kgalagadi.",bib897,no +594-context-4,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi, Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All children""}",,,bib1252,yes +594-context-5,594,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""SheKgalaghari; Setswana""}",,,bib1245,no +594-location-1,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kweneng"", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.006326, 23.990965]]}",,Cattle posts of Dutlwe and Khudumalajwe. Also cattle posts in western Mahalapye sub-district.,bib3376,no +594-location-2,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Most of the \u01c2Hua people are found in Tshwane and Dutlwe villages in the Kweneng District of Botswana, about 150 kilometers west of Molepolole.""}",,,bib767,no 594-location-3,594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.5, 25.0]]}",,,bib216,no 594-location-4,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib67,no -594-location-5,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Today \u01c2Hoan speakers are mainly found in the Kweneng District, in particular in the area adjacent to Kang, the regional centre. The villages and settlements are located along a quite recently reconstructed and now tarred road connecting the Trans Kalahari Highway and Letlhakeng. Speakers were found in the following villages along this road: Motokwe, Khekenye, Tswaane, and Dutlwe (cf. Map 2). Three more speakers were found in the villages of Mathibatsela and Salajwe. In the latter village there are supposedly some more speakers that were absent when we visited in September 2010. Furthermore, we met some non-fluent speakers in Khudumelapye. In other villages around this area it is still known that this language existed but no more speakers can be found. We can, however, not exclude that there are some more speakers in other, even more remote areas that we were not able to visit or do not know of."", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.060023, 23.30156], [-23.982802, 23.899675], [-23.733498, 24.590441], [-23.878146, 23.669774]]}",,,bib893,no -594-location-6,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Tshwane, in the central part of Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.735069, 23.631592]]}",,,bib1243,yes -594-location-7,594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.1668, 24.4885]]}",,,bib5307,no -594-location-8,594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.977469, 23.91037]]}",,,bib5491,no -594-location-9,594,location,"{""Description"": ""Northwestern part of Botswana, near Khutse.""}",,,bib1236,no -594-location-10,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Khudumelapye"", ""Salajwe"", ""Tsia"", ""Bodungwe"", ""Botswana""]}",,,bib7615,no -594-speakers-1,594,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120-160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,Researchers had great difficulty locating speakers of Deti and ǂHuã who were under 50 years of age.,bib3359,no -594-speaker_number-2,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by only between 120 and 200 people, mostly adults and old people... all the child-bearing age members of the community (21-45 years) speak only Shekgalagari.",bib763,no -594-speakers-2,594,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by only between 120 and 200 people, mostly adults and old people... all the child-bearing age members of the community (21-45 years) speak only Shekgalagari.",bib763,no +594-location-5,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Today \u01c2Hoan speakers are mainly found in the Kweneng District, in particular in the area adjacent to Kang, the regional centre. The villages and settlements are located along a quite recently reconstructed and now tarred road connecting the Trans Kalahari Highway and Letlhakeng. Speakers were found in the following villages along this road: Motokwe, Khekenye, Tswaane, and Dutlwe (cf. Map 2). Three more speakers were found in the villages of Mathibatsela and Salajwe. In the latter village there are supposedly some more speakers that were absent when we visited in September 2010. Furthermore, we met some non-fluent speakers in Khudumelapye. In other villages around this area it is still known that this language existed but no more speakers can be found. We can, however, not exclude that there are some more speakers in other, even more remote areas that we were not able to visit or do not know of."", ""Coordinates"": [[-24.060023, 23.30156], [-23.982802, 23.899675], [-23.733498, 24.590441], [-23.878146, 23.669774]]}",,,bib897,no +594-location-6,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Tshwane, in the central part of Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.735069, 23.631592]]}",,,bib1252,yes +594-location-7,594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.1668, 24.4885]]}",,,bib5330,no +594-location-8,594,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.977469, 23.91037]]}",,,bib5514,no +594-location-9,594,location,"{""Description"": ""Northwestern part of Botswana, near Khutse.""}",,,bib1245,no +594-location-10,594,location,"{""Places"": [""Khudumelapye"", ""Salajwe"", ""Tsia"", ""Bodungwe"", ""Botswana""]}",,,bib7640,no +594-speakers-1,594,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""120-160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,Researchers had great difficulty locating speakers of Deti and ǂHuã who were under 50 years of age.,bib3376,no +594-speaker_number-2,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by only between 120 and 200 people, mostly adults and old people... all the child-bearing age members of the community (21-45 years) speak only Shekgalagari.",bib767,no +594-speakers-2,594,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by only between 120 and 200 people, mostly adults and old people... all the child-bearing age members of the community (21-45 years) speak only Shekgalagari.",bib767,no 594-speaker_number-3,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data from R. Cook(2004). ""Decreasing.""",bib67,no 594-speakers-3,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data from R. Cook(2004). ""Decreasing.""",bib67,no -594-speaker_number-4,594,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of speakers does not amount to more than 50 who are mainly between 60 and 70 years old.,bib893,no -594-speakers-4,594,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<50""}",,The number of speakers does not amount to more than 50 who are mainly between 60 and 70 years old.,bib893,no -594-speaker_number-5,594,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of speakers melted from 400 in 2000 (Batibo 2000) to 120-140 (Hasselbring 2000:14) and to about 50 in 2009 (Batibo, p.c.). This decline is not the result of a rapid loss of speakers, but rather of lack of first-hand census figures.",bib1243,yes -594-speakers-5,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of speakers melted from 400 in 2000 (Batibo 2000) to 120-140 (Hasselbring 2000:14) and to about 50 in 2009 (Batibo, p.c.). This decline is not the result of a rapid loss of speakers, but rather of lack of first-hand census figures.",bib1243,yes -594-speaker_number-6,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib605,no -594-speakers-6,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib605,no -594-speaker_number-7,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -594-speakers-7,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +594-speaker_number-4,594,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The number of speakers does not amount to more than 50 who are mainly between 60 and 70 years old.,bib897,no +594-speakers-4,594,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""<50""}",,The number of speakers does not amount to more than 50 who are mainly between 60 and 70 years old.,bib897,no +594-speaker_number-5,594,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of speakers melted from 400 in 2000 (Batibo 2000) to 120-140 (Hasselbring 2000:14) and to about 50 in 2009 (Batibo, p.c.). This decline is not the result of a rapid loss of speakers, but rather of lack of first-hand census figures.",bib1252,yes +594-speakers-5,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of speakers melted from 400 in 2000 (Batibo 2000) to 120-140 (Hasselbring 2000:14) and to about 50 in 2009 (Batibo, p.c.). This decline is not the result of a rapid loss of speakers, but rather of lack of first-hand census figures.",bib1252,yes +594-speaker_number-6,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib608,no +594-speakers-6,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib608,no +594-speaker_number-7,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +594-speakers-7,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 594-speaker_number-8,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 594-speakers-8,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -594-speaker_number-9,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1236,no -594-speakers-9,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1236,no -594-speaker_number-10,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -594-speakers-10,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -594-LEI-1,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3359,no -594-domains_of_use-1,594,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3359,no -594-vitality-1,594,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3359,no -594-LEI-2,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib763,no -594-transmission-2,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib763,no -594-domains_of_use-2,594,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib763,no -594-vitality-2,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib763,no +594-speaker_number-9,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1245,no +594-speakers-9,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1245,no +594-speaker_number-10,594,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +594-speakers-10,594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +594-LEI-1,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3376,no +594-domains_of_use-1,594,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3376,no +594-vitality-1,594,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3376,no +594-LEI-2,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib767,no +594-transmission-2,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib767,no +594-domains_of_use-2,594,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib767,no +594-vitality-2,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The ǂHua people have become highly dependent on the Bantu communities, particularly the Kgalagari, who are dominant in the area. This socio-economic dependence has given rise to extensive bilingualism, with more frequent use of Shekgalagari. As a result, there is a progressive shift to Shekgalagari, which has caused dramatic diminishing of the number of ǂHua speakers, due to lack of inter-generational transmission of the language. Thus, ǂHua is presently regarded as one of the most critically endangered languages in Botswana... According to the results of a field survey which was conducted by the present author in early 2003 in Dutlwe and Tshwane villages on 41 ǂHua respondents, the most frequently used language in all domains was Shekgalagari. In fact, Shekgalagari was more used than ǂHua even in family and cultural domains... the majority of people either do not speak [ǂHua] at all or speak it with difficulties. Most of those who said that they speak it fluently were adults and old people between 50 and 80 years... when the children are addressed in ǂHua, they usually respond in Shekgalagari.",bib767,no 594-LEI-3,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 594-vitality-3,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -594-LEI-4,594,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib893,no -594-transmission-4,594,transmission,5,transmission-5,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib893,no -594-domains_of_use-4,594,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib893,no -594-speaker_number_trends-4,594,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib893,no -594-vitality-4,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib893,no -594-LEI-5,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1243,yes -594-transmission-5,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1243,yes -594-vitality-5,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1243,yes -594-LEI-6,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib605,no -594-vitality-6,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib605,no -594-LEI-7,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -594-vitality-7,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +594-LEI-4,594,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib897,no +594-transmission-4,594,transmission,5,transmission-5,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib897,no +594-domains_of_use-4,594,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib897,no +594-speaker_number_trends-4,594,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib897,no +594-vitality-4,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"ǂHoan is no longer passed on to the younger generations and is therefore no longer learnt as mother tongue (L1). The mother tongue of the majority of [ǂHoan] children is the Bantu language Kgalagadi (S.31d), which is also the lingua franca of the region.",bib897,no +594-LEI-5,594,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1252,yes +594-transmission-5,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1252,yes +594-vitality-5,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language seems to be vanishing, as no children speak ǂHoan but acquire Kgalagadi as their first language instead, along with the national language Tswana (Batibo 2005).",bib1252,yes +594-LEI-6,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib608,no +594-vitality-6,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib608,no +594-LEI-7,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +594-vitality-7,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 594-LEI-8,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 594-vitality-8,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -594-LEI-9,594,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1236,no -594-transmission-9,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1236,no -594-vitality-9,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1236,no -594-LEI-10,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -594-vitality-10,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -5945-context-1,5945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matngala, Kriol, Ngan'gikurunggurr, Wagiman"", ""Institutional Support"": ""ELDP documentation project underway"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The language is spoken on a daily basis in Woolianna, the traditional MalakMalak land, and used in (almost) all aspects of life. Other languages employed at home are Matngala and Kriol. Outside the traditional lands in Aboriginal communities in Darwin, Belyuen, Timber Creek, and Peppimenarti, speakers are isolated and mostly communicate in Kriol or other languages. Speakers generally have a positive attitude towards MalakMalak and value it very highly. They are, however, aware of its crucial status with young people no longer speaking it and that its replacement by Kriol. Speakers are aware of the critical condition of their language and passionate about its documentation. There is no support for the language from the Australian government, but a language documentation project is currently underway. There is no education or literacy in the language since all young MalakMalaks only speak Kriol or other languages. All speakers of MalakMalak also speak Matngala (zml) and Kriol (rop). Two know Ngan'gikurunggurr (nam), one knows Wagiman (waq).",bib3577,yes -5945-context-2,5945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol...,bib5309,no +594-LEI-9,594,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1245,no +594-transmission-9,594,transmission,3,transmission-3,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1245,no +594-vitality-9,594,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"No children speak ǂHua but acquire SheKgalaghari as their first language instead, along with the national language Setswana.",bib1245,no +594-LEI-10,594,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +594-vitality-10,594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +5945-context-1,5945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Matngala, Kriol, Ngan'gikurunggurr, Wagiman"", ""Institutional Support"": ""ELDP documentation project underway"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"The language is spoken on a daily basis in Woolianna, the traditional MalakMalak land, and used in (almost) all aspects of life. Other languages employed at home are Matngala and Kriol. Outside the traditional lands in Aboriginal communities in Darwin, Belyuen, Timber Creek, and Peppimenarti, speakers are isolated and mostly communicate in Kriol or other languages. Speakers generally have a positive attitude towards MalakMalak and value it very highly. They are, however, aware of its crucial status with young people no longer speaking it and that its replacement by Kriol. Speakers are aware of the critical condition of their language and passionate about its documentation. There is no support for the language from the Australian government, but a language documentation project is currently underway. There is no education or literacy in the language since all young MalakMalaks only speak Kriol or other languages. All speakers of MalakMalak also speak Matngala (zml) and Kriol (rop). Two know Ngan'gikurunggurr (nam), one knows Wagiman (waq).",bib3595,yes +5945-context-2,5945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kriol"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,The people generally speak the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol...,bib5332,no 5945-location-1,5945,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5945-location-2,5945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.75351587, 130.7147028]]}",,,bib1182,no -5945-location-3,5945,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Of the 11 (to date) identified and confirmed native speakers, 6 live in Woolianna near the community of Nauiyu on the Daly River, one lives in Peppimenarti, one in Belyuen, two in Fifteen-Mile (near Darwin) and one in Timber Creek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.691648, 130.677778], [-14.146896, 130.074077], [-12.90556, 131.17583], [-12.830556, 131.075833], [-16.08389, 130.80472]]}",,,bib3577,yes -5945-location-4,5945,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, on the northern bank of the Daly River.""]}",,,bib5309,no -5945-speaker_number-1,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -5945-speakers-1,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no +5945-location-2,5945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.75351587, 130.7147028]]}",,,bib1191,no +5945-location-3,5945,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Of the 11 (to date) identified and confirmed native speakers, 6 live in Woolianna near the community of Nauiyu on the Daly River, one lives in Peppimenarti, one in Belyuen, two in Fifteen-Mile (near Darwin) and one in Timber Creek."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.691648, 130.677778], [-14.146896, 130.074077], [-12.90556, 131.17583], [-12.830556, 131.075833], [-16.08389, 130.80472]]}",,,bib3595,yes +5945-location-4,5945,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Northwestern Northern Territory, southwest of Darwin, on the northern bank of the Daly River.""]}",,,bib5332,no +5945-speaker_number-1,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +5945-speakers-1,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no 5945-speaker_number-2,5945,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no 5945-speakers-2,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1988).,bib67,no -5945-speaker_number-3,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -5945-speakers-3,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -5945-speaker_number-4,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are 11 confirmed speakers in 2012. There are two younger people (so far confirmed) that have a passive knowledge of MalakMalak. To date not all potential language speakers have been visited and therefore the current numbers may rise in time.,bib3577,yes -5945-speakers-4,5945,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""2"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3"", ""Elders"": ""9""}",,There are 11 confirmed speakers in 2012. There are two younger people (so far confirmed) that have a passive knowledge of MalakMalak. To date not all potential language speakers have been visited and therefore the current numbers may rise in time.,bib3577,yes +5945-speaker_number-3,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +5945-speakers-3,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +5945-speaker_number-4,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,There are 11 confirmed speakers in 2012. There are two younger people (so far confirmed) that have a passive knowledge of MalakMalak. To date not all potential language speakers have been visited and therefore the current numbers may rise in time.,bib3595,yes +5945-speakers-4,5945,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""2"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""3"", ""Elders"": ""9""}",,There are 11 confirmed speakers in 2012. There are two younger people (so far confirmed) that have a passive knowledge of MalakMalak. To date not all potential language speakers have been visited and therefore the current numbers may rise in time.,bib3595,yes 5945-speaker_number-5,5945,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 5945-speakers-5,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -5945-speaker_number-6,5945,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1988, 9 to 11 fully fluent speakers were reported. ...speaker numbers have been falling.",bib5309,no -5945-speakers-6,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9-11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1988, 9 to 11 fully fluent speakers were reported. ...speaker numbers have been falling.",bib5309,no -5945-LEI-1,5945,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -5945-vitality-1,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +5945-speaker_number-6,5945,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1988, 9 to 11 fully fluent speakers were reported. ...speaker numbers have been falling.",bib5332,no +5945-speakers-6,5945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9-11"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1988, 9 to 11 fully fluent speakers were reported. ...speaker numbers have been falling.",bib5332,no +5945-LEI-1,5945,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +5945-vitality-1,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 5945-LEI-2,5945,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5945-vitality-2,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5945-LEI-3,5945,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5945-vitality-3,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5945-LEI-4,5945,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3577,yes -5945-transmission-4,5945,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3577,yes -5945-domains_of_use-4,5945,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3577,yes -5945-speaker_number_trends-4,5945,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3577,yes -5945-vitality-4,5945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3577,yes +5945-LEI-3,5945,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5945-vitality-3,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5945-LEI-4,5945,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3595,yes +5945-transmission-4,5945,transmission,5,transmission-5,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3595,yes +5945-domains_of_use-4,5945,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3595,yes +5945-speaker_number_trends-4,5945,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3595,yes +5945-vitality-4,5945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"This general evaluation only applies to the six speakers (all members of one family) that remain in the traditional lands. The remaining five speakers are isolated and therefore very rarely speak the language. MalakMalak is used in everyday conversation, but not at the workplace, in education, religion or trade.",bib3595,yes 5945-LEI-5,5945,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5945-vitality-5,5945,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5945-LEI-6,5945,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is now moribund.,bib5309,no -5945-transmission-6,5945,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is now moribund.,bib5309,no -5945-domains_of_use-6,5945,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The language is now moribund.,bib5309,no -5945-speaker_number_trends-6,5945,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is now moribund.,bib5309,no -5945-vitality-6,5945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is now moribund.,bib5309,no -5947-location-1,5947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.18774722, 130.1264861]]}",,,bib7422,yes -5947-speaker_number-1,5947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,yes -5947-speakers-1,5947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,yes -5947-LEI-1,5947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -5947-vitality-1,5947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -595-context-2,595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""G||ana, Sekgalagadi, Seswana, English, !X\u00f3\u00f5, \u01c2Ho\u00e3, Naro, Tshela""}",,"Since G|ui and G||ana are mutually intelligible, communication between G|ui and G||ana speakers was usually conducted in such a way that a G|ui spoke G|ui and a G||ana spoke G||ana in a conversation.",bib5446,no -595-location-1,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kweneng, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.115249, 23.761711]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Khekhenya, Kacgae, Kgoesakaene, Kalahari Game Reserve, Kautwane, Inalegolo, Dutlwe, Lozi, Keng, Kokong… Mabutsane, Sekoma, Khudumelapye, Letlhakeng, Maboane, Magagarape, Motokwe, Salajwe, Takatokwane, Tsetseng, Tswaane""",bib3359,no +5945-LEI-6,5945,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language is now moribund.,bib5332,no +5945-transmission-6,5945,transmission,5,transmission-5,The language is now moribund.,bib5332,no +5945-domains_of_use-6,5945,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,The language is now moribund.,bib5332,no +5945-speaker_number_trends-6,5945,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The language is now moribund.,bib5332,no +5945-vitality-6,5945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The language is now moribund.,bib5332,no +5947-location-1,5947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.18774722, 130.1264861]]}",,,bib7446,yes +5947-speaker_number-1,5947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,yes +5947-speakers-1,5947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""240"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,yes +5947-LEI-1,5947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +5947-vitality-1,5947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +595-context-2,595,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""G||ana, Sekgalagadi, Seswana, English, !X\u00f3\u00f5, \u01c2Ho\u00e3, Naro, Tshela""}",,"Since G|ui and G||ana are mutually intelligible, communication between G|ui and G||ana speakers was usually conducted in such a way that a G|ui spoke G|ui and a G||ana spoke G||ana in a conversation.",bib5469,no +595-location-1,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kweneng, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.115249, 23.761711]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Khekhenya, Kacgae, Kgoesakaene, Kalahari Game Reserve, Kautwane, Inalegolo, Dutlwe, Lozi, Keng, Kokong… Mabutsane, Sekoma, Khudumelapye, Letlhakeng, Maboane, Magagarape, Motokwe, Salajwe, Takatokwane, Tsetseng, Tswaane""",bib3376,no 595-location-2,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib67,no -595-location-3,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana (Ghanzi area)""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.121346, 22.416744]]}",,"Before 1997, ǀGui and ǁGana used to live in Xade and other settlements inside the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR). According to [Hiroshi] Nakagawa, ǀGui speakers in the mid-1990s were found scattered to 15 settlements. In April 2000, Akira Takada counted 1002 Gǀui and Gǁana at New Xade (Kxoenssakene)",bib1243,yes -595-location-4,595,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional area of the /Gwi and the //Gana is the Central Kalahari Game Reserve... Today we know that quite a few members of these groups live on or close to the Ghanzi farms.""}",,,bib3837,no -595-location-5,595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.8385, 21.7858]]}",,,bib5307,no -595-location-6,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Ghanzi, and Kweneng districts"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.118722, 22.415146]]}",,"In accordance with Botswana Government policy to relocate all settlements in the CKGR, most of the G|ui residents in the Reserve moved to a new settlement outside the Reserve. The resettlement of residents in Xade started in May 1997 and ended in August 1997 (Sugawara 1998: 88). The area for resettlement is located on the northern side of the Xade-Ghanzi road about 70 km to the 13 west of Xade (see Figure 1.1). The new settlement is officially called 'New Xade.'",bib5446,no -595-speakers-1,595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,650-3,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +595-location-3,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana (Ghanzi area)""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.121346, 22.416744]]}",,"Before 1997, ǀGui and ǁGana used to live in Xade and other settlements inside the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR). According to [Hiroshi] Nakagawa, ǀGui speakers in the mid-1990s were found scattered to 15 settlements. In April 2000, Akira Takada counted 1002 Gǀui and Gǁana at New Xade (Kxoenssakene)",bib1252,yes +595-location-4,595,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional area of the /Gwi and the //Gana is the Central Kalahari Game Reserve... Today we know that quite a few members of these groups live on or close to the Ghanzi farms.""}",,,bib3856,no +595-location-5,595,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.8385, 21.7858]]}",,,bib5330,no +595-location-6,595,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Central Kalahari Game Reserve, Ghanzi, and Kweneng districts"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.118722, 22.415146]]}",,"In accordance with Botswana Government policy to relocate all settlements in the CKGR, most of the G|ui residents in the Reserve moved to a new settlement outside the Reserve. The resettlement of residents in Xade started in May 1997 and ended in August 1997 (Sugawara 1998: 88). The area for resettlement is located on the northern side of the Xade-Ghanzi road about 70 km to the 13 west of Xade (see Figure 1.1). The new settlement is officially called 'New Xade.'",bib5469,no +595-speakers-1,595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,650-3,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 595-speaker_number-2,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data on speaker number: (R. Cook 2004),bib67,no 595-speakers-2,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data on speaker number: (R. Cook 2004),bib67,no -595-speaker_number-3,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1243,yes -595-speakers-3,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1243,yes -595-speaker_number-4,595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3837,no -595-speakers-4,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3837,no -595-speaker_number-5,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -595-speakers-5,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -595-speaker_number-6,595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5446,no -595-speakers-6,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""769"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5446,no +595-speaker_number-3,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1252,yes +595-speakers-3,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,470"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1252,yes +595-speaker_number-4,595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3856,no +595-speakers-4,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3856,no +595-speaker_number-5,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +595-speakers-5,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +595-speaker_number-6,595,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5469,no +595-speakers-6,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""769"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5469,no 595-speaker_number-7,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 595-speakers-7,595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -595-speaker_number-8,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -595-speakers-8,595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1236,no -595-LEI-1,595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3359,no -595-domains_of_use-1,595,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3359,no -595-vitality-1,595,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3359,no +595-speaker_number-8,595,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +595-speakers-8,595,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1245,no +595-LEI-1,595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3376,no +595-domains_of_use-1,595,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3376,no +595-vitality-1,595,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The |Gui language appeared to have the greatest vitality in Khekhenya, Kweneng and settlements in Ghanzi than in other villages and settlements in Kweneng.",bib3376,no 595-LEI-2,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 595-vitality-2,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -595-LEI-3,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -595-vitality-3,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -595-LEI-4,595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3837,no -595-vitality-4,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3837,no -595-LEI-5,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -595-vitality-5,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -595-LEI-6,595,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5446,no -595-transmission-6,595,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5446,no -595-domains_of_use-6,595,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5446,no -595-speaker_number_trends-6,595,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5446,no -595-vitality-6,595,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5446,no +595-LEI-3,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +595-vitality-3,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +595-LEI-4,595,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3856,no +595-vitality-4,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3856,no +595-LEI-5,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +595-vitality-5,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +595-LEI-6,595,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5469,no +595-transmission-6,595,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5469,no +595-domains_of_use-6,595,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5469,no +595-speaker_number_trends-6,595,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib5469,no +595-vitality-6,595,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5469,no 595-LEI-7,595,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 595-vitality-7,595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -595-LEI-8,595,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -595-speaker_number_trends-8,595,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1236,no -595-vitality-8,595,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1236,no -596-context-1,596,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3359,no +595-LEI-8,595,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +595-speaker_number_trends-8,595,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1245,no +595-vitality-8,595,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1245,no +596-context-1,596,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3376,no 596-context-2,596,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""by the chief, kgotla, at the clinic, children, reading/writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tswana, !Goro, English, Kalanga, Kgalagari, Naro, Kuhane, Deti, Yeyi, /Gwi, Afrikaans"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. "" ""Over four fifths of //Gana… respondents said they speak their own languages best."" ""!Goro, //Gana, Kalanga, Kua, and Nambya are being used by all ages of speakers, although none have institutional support.",,no -596-context-3,596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi""}",,"The //Gana are said to be bilingual, speaking both //Gana and Sekgalagadi.",bib3837,no -596-location-1,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.42239, 23.899899]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Kgoesakaene, Kalahari Game Reserve, Kedia, Rakops, Ghanzi, Kuke, Khwee""",bib3359,no +596-context-3,596,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi""}",,"The //Gana are said to be bilingual, speaking both //Gana and Sekgalagadi.",bib3856,no +596-location-1,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.42239, 23.899899]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Kgoesakaene, Kalahari Game Reserve, Kedia, Rakops, Ghanzi, Kuke, Khwee""",bib3376,no 596-location-2,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib67,no 596-location-3,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Ghanzi, Central, Botswana""}",,"In the Boteti region, the //Gana speaking area is the grassy veld south of Makalamabedi west of Xhumga and to the west, south and southeast of Rakops. //Gana is also spoken in Ghanzi District, especially in Kgoesakaene and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve."" ""[//Gana and /Gwi] are spoken primarily in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve and in areas just to the south, west and northeast of the reserve.",,no -596-location-4,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana (Ghanzi area)""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.121346, 22.416744]]}",,"Before 1997, ǀGui and ǁGana used to live in Xade and other settlements inside the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR). According to [Hiroshi] Nakagawa, ǀGui speakers in the mid-1990s were found scattered to 15 settlements. In April 2000, Akira Takada counted 1002 Gǀui and Gǁana at New Xade (Kxoenssakene)",bib1243,yes -596-location-5,596,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional area of the /Gwi and the //Gana is the Central Kalahari Game Reserve... Today we know that quite a few members of these groups live on or close to the Ghanzi farms.""}",,,bib3837,no -596-location-6,596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.7824, 21.8971]]}",,,bib5307,no -596-speakers-1,596,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,900-2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +596-location-4,596,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana (Ghanzi area)""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.121346, 22.416744]]}",,"Before 1997, ǀGui and ǁGana used to live in Xade and other settlements inside the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (CKGR). According to [Hiroshi] Nakagawa, ǀGui speakers in the mid-1990s were found scattered to 15 settlements. In April 2000, Akira Takada counted 1002 Gǀui and Gǁana at New Xade (Kxoenssakene)",bib1252,yes +596-location-5,596,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional area of the /Gwi and the //Gana is the Central Kalahari Game Reserve... Today we know that quite a few members of these groups live on or close to the Ghanzi farms.""}",,,bib3856,no +596-location-6,596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.7824, 21.8971]]}",,,bib5330,no +596-speakers-1,596,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,900-2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 596-speaker_number-2,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data on speaker number: (R. Cook 2004),bib67,no 596-speakers-2,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data on speaker number: (R. Cook 2004),bib67,no -596-speaker_number-3,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3357,no -596-speakers-3,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3357,no +596-speaker_number-3,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3374,no +596-speakers-3,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3374,no 596-speakers-4,596,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1998""}",,"~3,000 speakers in Botswana only, including /Gwi.",,no -596-speaker_number-5,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1243,yes -596-speakers-5,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1243,yes -596-speaker_number-6,596,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3837,no -596-speakers-6,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3837,no -596-speaker_number-7,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -596-speakers-7,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +596-speaker_number-5,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1252,yes +596-speakers-5,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1252,yes +596-speaker_number-6,596,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3856,no +596-speakers-6,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3856,no +596-speaker_number-7,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +596-speakers-7,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 596-speaker_number-8,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 596-speakers-8,596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -596-speaker_number-9,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -596-speakers-9,596,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1236,no -596-LEI-1,596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3359,no -596-domains_of_use-1,596,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3359,no -596-vitality-1,596,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3359,no +596-speaker_number-9,596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +596-speakers-9,596,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1245,no +596-LEI-1,596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3376,no +596-domains_of_use-1,596,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3376,no +596-vitality-1,596,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,The ||Gana language appeared to have greater vitality in Ghanzi District than in Boteti.,bib3376,no 596-LEI-2,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 596-vitality-2,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -596-LEI-3,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3357,no -596-vitality-3,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3357,no +596-LEI-3,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3374,no +596-vitality-3,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3374,no 596-LEI-4,596,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",,no 596-transmission-4,596,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",,no 596-domains_of_use-4,596,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",,no 596-speaker_number_trends-4,596,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",,no 596-vitality-4,596,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Among the youth and children however, //Gana, Kalanga and especially Nambya… are showing some signs of losing vitality.",,no -596-LEI-5,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -596-vitality-5,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -596-LEI-6,596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3837,no -596-vitality-6,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3837,no -596-LEI-7,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -596-vitality-7,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +596-LEI-5,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +596-vitality-5,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +596-LEI-6,596,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3856,no +596-vitality-6,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3856,no +596-LEI-7,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +596-vitality-7,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 596-LEI-8,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 596-vitality-8,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -596-LEI-9,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -596-vitality-9,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1236,no -5965-location-1,5965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.42523643, 114.2680442]]}",,,bib1182,no -5965-location-2,5965,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.671311, 115.113029]]}",,Geraldton to Hill River; at Champion Bay; inland to Mullewa.,bib7278,yes -5965-speakers-1,5965,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,Nearly extinct,bib7422,no -5965-speaker_number-2,5965,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two speakers left.",bib7278,yes -5965-speakers-2,5965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two speakers left.",bib7278,yes -5965-speaker_number-3,5965,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1995, a few speakers were reported. Some are still surviving.",bib7937,no -5965-speakers-3,5965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1995, a few speakers were reported. Some are still surviving.",bib7937,no -5965-LEI-1,5965,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,yes -5965-vitality-1,5965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,yes -5965-LEI-2,5965,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5965-vitality-2,5965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -597-context-1,597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse"", ""among children"", ""to the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3359,no -597-context-2,597,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Teemacane Language Committee; Trust for Okavongo Cultural and Development Initiatives""}",,"At !Haoxa where the majority of the ||Anikhwe live, they have become Sekgalagadi speakers. This is very common to the ||Anikhwe today, to a point of almost changing their ethnicity.",bib8229,no -597-context-3,597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 38.2%%; English: 9.4%%""}",,"...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift.",bib5302,no -597-location-1,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ngamiland North"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.575233, 21.983114]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Xwexwe, Xakao, Nxamasere""",bib3359,no +596-LEI-9,596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +596-vitality-9,596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1245,no +5965-location-1,5965,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-27.42523643, 114.2680442]]}",,,bib1191,no +5965-location-2,5965,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.671311, 115.113029]]}",,Geraldton to Hill River; at Champion Bay; inland to Mullewa.,bib7302,yes +5965-speakers-1,5965,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,Nearly extinct,bib7446,no +5965-speaker_number-2,5965,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two speakers left.",bib7302,yes +5965-speakers-2,5965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two speakers left.",bib7302,yes +5965-speaker_number-3,5965,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1995, a few speakers were reported. Some are still surviving.",bib7962,no +5965-speakers-3,5965,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1995, a few speakers were reported. Some are still surviving.",bib7962,no +5965-LEI-1,5965,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,yes +5965-vitality-1,5965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,yes +5965-LEI-2,5965,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5965-vitality-2,5965,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +597-context-1,597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse"", ""among children"", ""to the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3376,no +597-context-2,597,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sekgalagadi"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Teemacane Language Committee; Trust for Okavongo Cultural and Development Initiatives""}",,"At !Haoxa where the majority of the ||Anikhwe live, they have become Sekgalagadi speakers. This is very common to the ||Anikhwe today, to a point of almost changing their ethnicity.",bib8254,no +597-context-3,597,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Radio""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Setswana proficiency: 38.2%%; English: 9.4%%""}",,"...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift.",bib5325,no +597-location-1,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ngamiland North"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.575233, 21.983114]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Xwexwe, Xakao, Nxamasere""",bib3376,no 597-location-2,597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.9166666667, 21.9166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 597-location-3,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib67,no -597-location-4,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""The approximately 1000 \u01c1Ani, who call themselves \u01c1Anikhwe, live in the Okavango Pan Handle in Botswana, and for that reason were sometimes referred to as \u201cRiver-Bushmen\u201d."", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.340187, 21.792755]]}",,,bib1243,yes -597-location-5,597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.6462, 22.1319]]}",,,bib5307,no -597-location-6,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Both sides of the Okavango Delta""}",,,bib7654,no -597-location-7,597,location,"{""Description"": ""The ||Anikhwe are found today along the Okavongo Panhandle in Botswana at ||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho and some are south of the above-mentioned places at !Haoxa and N|amacere respectively... at Mababe, Tubu near Nokaneng, ||Anikhwe people could not even speak a single word of ||Anikhwedam.""}",,,bib8229,no -597-location-8,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5302,no +597-location-4,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""The approximately 1000 \u01c1Ani, who call themselves \u01c1Anikhwe, live in the Okavango Pan Handle in Botswana, and for that reason were sometimes referred to as \u201cRiver-Bushmen\u201d."", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.340187, 21.792755]]}",,,bib1252,yes +597-location-5,597,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.6462, 22.1319]]}",,,bib5330,no +597-location-6,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Both sides of the Okavango Delta""}",,,bib7679,no +597-location-7,597,location,"{""Description"": ""The ||Anikhwe are found today along the Okavongo Panhandle in Botswana at ||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho and some are south of the above-mentioned places at !Haoxa and N|amacere respectively... at Mababe, Tubu near Nokaneng, ||Anikhwe people could not even speak a single word of ||Anikhwedam.""}",,,bib8254,no +597-location-8,597,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib5325,no 597-speaker_number-1,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 597-speakers-1,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -597-speaker_number-2,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1243,yes -597-speakers-2,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1243,yes -597-speaker_number-3,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -597-speakers-3,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -597-speaker_number-4,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Es wird zu beiden Seiten des Okavango nördlich des Okavango-Deltas von einer unbekannten Zahl von Personen - wahrscheinlich weniger als 1000 gesprochen.,bib7654,no -597-speakers-4,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Es wird zu beiden Seiten des Okavango nördlich des Okavango-Deltas von einer unbekannten Zahl von Personen - wahrscheinlich weniger als 1000 gesprochen.,bib7654,no -597-speaker_number-5,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only a few hundred ||Anikhwedam speaking community members (mostly elders) can still speak their language.,bib8229,no -597-speakers-5,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only a few hundred ||Anikhwedam speaking community members (mostly elders) can still speak their language.,bib8229,no +597-speaker_number-2,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1252,yes +597-speakers-2,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1252,yes +597-speaker_number-3,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +597-speakers-3,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +597-speaker_number-4,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Es wird zu beiden Seiten des Okavango nördlich des Okavango-Deltas von einer unbekannten Zahl von Personen - wahrscheinlich weniger als 1000 gesprochen.,bib7679,no +597-speakers-4,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Es wird zu beiden Seiten des Okavango nördlich des Okavango-Deltas von einer unbekannten Zahl von Personen - wahrscheinlich weniger als 1000 gesprochen.,bib7679,no +597-speaker_number-5,597,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Only a few hundred ||Anikhwedam speaking community members (mostly elders) can still speak their language.,bib8254,no +597-speakers-5,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Only a few hundred ||Anikhwedam speaking community members (mostly elders) can still speak their language.,bib8254,no 597-speaker_number-6,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 597-speakers-6,597,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -597-speaker_number-7,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -597-speakers-7,597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1236,no -597-LEI-1,597,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3359,no -597-domains_of_use-1,597,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3359,no -597-vitality-1,597,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3359,no +597-speaker_number-7,597,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +597-speakers-7,597,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1245,no +597-LEI-1,597,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3376,no +597-domains_of_use-1,597,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3376,no +597-vitality-1,597,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3376,no 597-LEI-2,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 597-vitality-2,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -597-LEI-3,597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -597-vitality-3,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -597-LEI-4,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -597-vitality-4,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -597-LEI-5,597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7654,no -597-vitality-5,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7654,no -597-LEI-6,597,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8229,no -597-transmission-6,597,transmission,4,transmission-4,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8229,no -597-domains_of_use-6,597,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8229,no -597-vitality-6,597,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8229,no +597-LEI-3,597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +597-vitality-3,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +597-LEI-4,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +597-vitality-4,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +597-LEI-5,597,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7679,no +597-vitality-5,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7679,no +597-LEI-6,597,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8254,no +597-transmission-6,597,transmission,4,transmission-4,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8254,no +597-domains_of_use-6,597,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8254,no +597-vitality-6,597,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At these places I mentioned [||X'oakao, Ngarange, Mogotlho, !Haoxa and N|amacere], the language is still spoken by the elders but not the young people... Today most ||Anikhwe at home use their borrowed languages and do not practise their own language any more.",bib8254,no 597-LEI-7,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 597-vitality-7,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -597-LEI-8,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -597-vitality-8,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1236,no -5986-context-1,5986,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kriol""}",,,bib7937,yes -5986-location-1,5986,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.02163749, 132.7379726]]}",,,bib1182,no +597-LEI-8,597,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +597-vitality-8,597,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1245,no +5986-context-1,5986,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kriol""}",,,bib7962,yes +5986-location-1,5986,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.02163749, 132.7379726]]}",,,bib1191,no 5986-location-2,5986,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -5986-speaker_number-1,5986,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1983, ten speakers were reported, out of an ethnic group of fifty. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes -5986-speakers-1,5986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1983, ten speakers were reported, out of an ethnic group of fifty. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7937,yes +5986-speaker_number-1,5986,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 1983, ten speakers were reported, out of an ethnic group of fifty. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes +5986-speakers-1,5986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 1983, ten speakers were reported, out of an ethnic group of fifty. There are fewer speakers today.",bib7962,yes 5986-speakers-2,5986,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~0""}",,No known speakers. Ethnic population data from Black 1983.,bib67,no -5986-LEI-1,5986,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,yes -5986-vitality-1,5986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,yes -5987-location-1,5987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.84291122, 149.806501]]}",,,bib1182,no -5987-speaker_number-1,5987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"“There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.”",bib2912,yes -5987-speakers-1,5987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"“There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.”",bib2912,yes -5987-speaker_number-2,5987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7937,no -5987-speakers-2,5987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7937,no -5987-LEI-1,5987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2912,yes -5987-domains_of_use-1,5987,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2912,yes -5987-vitality-1,5987,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2912,yes -5987-LEI-2,5987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7937,no -5987-vitality-2,5987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7937,no -5988-context-1,5988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rangi""}",,All the children play with Rangi children... at school and learn better Thangi than Alagwa,bib6944,no -5988-context-2,5988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rangi""}",,"Nearly all are bilingual in the Bantu language Rangi, which has become the dominant language among Alagwa children.",bib7615,yes -5988-location-1,5988,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the area north of Kondoa in Tanzania""}",,,bib5357,no -5988-location-2,5988,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The village Kolo is their centre""}",,,bib6944,no +5986-LEI-1,5986,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,yes +5986-vitality-1,5986,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,yes +5987-location-1,5987,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.84291122, 149.806501]]}",,,bib1191,no +5987-speaker_number-1,5987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"“There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.”",bib2926,yes +5987-speakers-1,5987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"“There are no fluent speakers of YG, and the more knowledgeable current speakers have learnt the languages from books or classes.”",bib2926,yes +5987-speaker_number-2,5987,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7962,no +5987-speakers-2,5987,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7962,no +5987-LEI-1,5987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2926,yes +5987-domains_of_use-1,5987,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2926,yes +5987-vitality-1,5987,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"“People want to use it for informal greetings and for formal events such as welcomes to country, funerals, weddings and baptisms.”",bib2926,yes +5987-LEI-2,5987,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7962,no +5987-vitality-2,5987,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7962,no +5988-context-1,5988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rangi""}",,All the children play with Rangi children... at school and learn better Thangi than Alagwa,bib6968,no +5988-context-2,5988,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Rangi""}",,"Nearly all are bilingual in the Bantu language Rangi, which has become the dominant language among Alagwa children.",bib7640,yes +5988-location-1,5988,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in the area north of Kondoa in Tanzania""}",,,bib5380,no +5988-location-2,5988,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The village Kolo is their centre""}",,,bib6968,no 5988-location-3,5988,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5, 35.75]]}",,,bib216,no -5988-speaker_number-1,5988,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5357,no -5988-speakers-1,5988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5357,no -5988-speaker_number-3,5988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Adult members of the ethnic group still appear to have a fairly good command of the language.,bib7615,yes -5988-speakers-3,5988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Adult members of the ethnic group still appear to have a fairly good command of the language.,bib7615,yes +5988-speaker_number-1,5988,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5380,no +5988-speakers-1,5988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5380,no +5988-speaker_number-3,5988,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Adult members of the ethnic group still appear to have a fairly good command of the language.,bib7640,yes +5988-speakers-3,5988,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Adult members of the ethnic group still appear to have a fairly good command of the language.,bib7640,yes 5988-speaker_number-4,5988,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5988-speakers-4,5988,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5988-LEI-1,5988,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5357,no -5988-vitality-1,5988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5357,no -5988-LEI-2,5988,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -5988-transmission-2,5988,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6944,no -5988-vitality-2,5988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6944,no -5988-LEI-3,5988,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5988-transmission-3,5988,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7615,yes -5988-vitality-3,5988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes +5988-LEI-1,5988,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5380,no +5988-vitality-1,5988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5380,no +5988-LEI-2,5988,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +5988-transmission-2,5988,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib6968,no +5988-vitality-2,5988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib6968,no +5988-LEI-3,5988,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5988-transmission-3,5988,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib7640,yes +5988-vitality-3,5988,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes 5988-LEI-4,5988,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5988-vitality-4,5988,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5989-context-1,5989,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Baka population is one of the only hunter-gatherer populations whose language is not a Bantu language. We suppose that all these populations, at one point or the other, adopted the language of a close, current or ancient neighbor. Thus the Baka language is a sister to Ngbaka Ma’bo... There are several varieties of Baka, despite a fair level of mutual understanding between the different speakers. Each of these varieties is strongly affected by languages of the neighboring populations (for instance, Fang, in Gabon)... The deforestation, the exploitation of subsurface resources... forces a part of the population to migrate towards the urban centers where they find themselves left behind, mistreated, underpaid, and overall, disparaged. They face discrimination on a daily basis...The Baka are viewed at the very bottom of the social ladder. Adding to which, in some countries, they fall under policies of forced sedentism.",bib5803,yes -5989-context-2,5989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fang"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative""}",,"The Baka are often looked down upon by the [neighboring] Fang.. The Fang have successfully convinced the Baka that they are inferior to them, due to the fact that they are not schooled and therefore uneducated... The majority of the Baka, thus persuaded of their inferiority, are proud to show that they can speak Fang... [they are] spending more and more time in the company of Fang, speaking the language of their neighbors to the detriment of their own.",bib5804,no -5989-location-1,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""Tropical rainforest of the Congo basin in the Central African Republic border area, southeastern Cameroon, northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo, north Congo, northeastern Gabon.""}",,,bib5803,yes +5989-context-1,5989,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The Baka population is one of the only hunter-gatherer populations whose language is not a Bantu language. We suppose that all these populations, at one point or the other, adopted the language of a close, current or ancient neighbor. Thus the Baka language is a sister to Ngbaka Ma’bo... There are several varieties of Baka, despite a fair level of mutual understanding between the different speakers. Each of these varieties is strongly affected by languages of the neighboring populations (for instance, Fang, in Gabon)... The deforestation, the exploitation of subsurface resources... forces a part of the population to migrate towards the urban centers where they find themselves left behind, mistreated, underpaid, and overall, disparaged. They face discrimination on a daily basis...The Baka are viewed at the very bottom of the social ladder. Adding to which, in some countries, they fall under policies of forced sedentism.",bib5827,yes +5989-context-2,5989,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fang"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed/negative""}",,"The Baka are often looked down upon by the [neighboring] Fang.. The Fang have successfully convinced the Baka that they are inferior to them, due to the fact that they are not schooled and therefore uneducated... The majority of the Baka, thus persuaded of their inferiority, are proud to show that they can speak Fang... [they are] spending more and more time in the company of Fang, speaking the language of their neighbors to the detriment of their own.",bib5828,no +5989-location-1,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo""], ""Description"": ""Tropical rainforest of the Congo basin in the Central African Republic border area, southeastern Cameroon, northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo, north Congo, northeastern Gabon.""}",,,bib5827,yes 5989-location-2,5989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.58333333333, 13.5833333333]]}",,,bib216,no -5989-location-3,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Gabon, Congo""], ""Description"": ""The Baka Pygmies live in Cameroon, Gabon and Congo-Brazzaville. In Gabon, they form a small community (of about 500 individuals) in the North... The Baka community in the Minvoul region [Gabon] is largely located in seven villages: Bitouga, Doumassi, Mf\u00e9f\u00e9lam, Mimbang, Nkoghakom, Ovang-Al\u00e8ne and Zangaville. To this list I would add Etogo, located between Ovang-Al\u00e8ne and Bitouga, making eight villages in total."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.153157, 12.128849]]}",,,bib5804,no -5989-location-4,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""East Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib4790,no -5989-location-5,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.043024, 13.399887]]}",,Western Congo-Zaire basin,bib3502,no -5989-speaker_number-1,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Precise figures are difficult to obtain; rough estimates account for ca. 50,000 speakers over all of the countries mentioned above. The largest group, located in Cameroon, is estimated around 30,000 people.",bib5803,yes -5989-speakers-1,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Precise figures are difficult to obtain; rough estimates account for ca. 50,000 speakers over all of the countries mentioned above. The largest group, located in Cameroon, is estimated around 30,000 people.",bib5803,yes +5989-location-3,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Gabon, Congo""], ""Description"": ""The Baka Pygmies live in Cameroon, Gabon and Congo-Brazzaville. In Gabon, they form a small community (of about 500 individuals) in the North... The Baka community in the Minvoul region [Gabon] is largely located in seven villages: Bitouga, Doumassi, Mf\u00e9f\u00e9lam, Mimbang, Nkoghakom, Ovang-Al\u00e8ne and Zangaville. To this list I would add Etogo, located between Ovang-Al\u00e8ne and Bitouga, making eight villages in total."", ""Coordinates"": [[2.153157, 12.128849]]}",,,bib5828,no +5989-location-4,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""East Province of Cameroon""]}",,,bib4812,no +5989-location-5,5989,location,"{""Places"": [""Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.043024, 13.399887]]}",,Western Congo-Zaire basin,bib3520,no +5989-speaker_number-1,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Precise figures are difficult to obtain; rough estimates account for ca. 50,000 speakers over all of the countries mentioned above. The largest group, located in Cameroon, is estimated around 30,000 people.",bib5827,yes +5989-speakers-1,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Precise figures are difficult to obtain; rough estimates account for ca. 50,000 speakers over all of the countries mentioned above. The largest group, located in Cameroon, is estimated around 30,000 people.",bib5827,yes 5989-speaker_number-2,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5989-speakers-2,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""43,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5989-speaker_number-3,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4790,no -5989-speakers-3,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4790,no -5989-speakers-4,5989,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""mid 1940s""}",,,bib3502,no -5989-speaker_number-5,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While population figures of around 25,000 are given for the Baka population, there are strong indications that they will share the fate of their cultural neighbours, the Aka and will abandon their traditional way of life for a squatter existence on the fringe of society waiting for the next handout for the next humanitarian organization. With this process they are also likely to abandon their language in favor of Fang, the lingua franca of the Southern part of Cameroon.",bib7615,no -5989-speakers-5,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While population figures of around 25,000 are given for the Baka population, there are strong indications that they will share the fate of their cultural neighbours, the Aka and will abandon their traditional way of life for a squatter existence on the fringe of society waiting for the next handout for the next humanitarian organization. With this process they are also likely to abandon their language in favor of Fang, the lingua franca of the Southern part of Cameroon.",bib7615,no -5989-LEI-1,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5803,yes -5989-transmission-1,5989,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5803,yes -5989-vitality-1,5989,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5803,yes +5989-speaker_number-3,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4812,no +5989-speakers-3,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4812,no +5989-speakers-4,5989,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""mid 1940s""}",,,bib3520,no +5989-speaker_number-5,5989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"While population figures of around 25,000 are given for the Baka population, there are strong indications that they will share the fate of their cultural neighbours, the Aka and will abandon their traditional way of life for a squatter existence on the fringe of society waiting for the next handout for the next humanitarian organization. With this process they are also likely to abandon their language in favor of Fang, the lingua franca of the Southern part of Cameroon.",bib7640,no +5989-speakers-5,5989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"While population figures of around 25,000 are given for the Baka population, there are strong indications that they will share the fate of their cultural neighbours, the Aka and will abandon their traditional way of life for a squatter existence on the fringe of society waiting for the next handout for the next humanitarian organization. With this process they are also likely to abandon their language in favor of Fang, the lingua franca of the Southern part of Cameroon.",bib7640,no +5989-LEI-1,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5827,yes +5989-transmission-1,5989,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5827,yes +5989-vitality-1,5989,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Cross-generational transmission is sound; most speakers are bilingual with the majority language of the area. Yet the significantly disparaged status of the Baka ethnic group, acculturation threatening the populations close to urban areas, the spread of these urban areas, inter-ethnic marriage, often-forced processes of sedentism, and the damage caused to the forests, overall, severely endangers the Baka population.",bib5827,yes 5989-LEI-2,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5989-vitality-2,5989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5989-LEI-3,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4790,no -5989-vitality-3,5989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4790,no -5989-LEI-4,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5989-vitality-4,5989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -5990-location-1,5990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4218, -16.4149]]}",,,bib5307,yes +5989-LEI-3,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4812,no +5989-vitality-3,5989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4812,no +5989-LEI-4,5989,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5989-vitality-4,5989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +5990-location-1,5990,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.4218, -16.4149]]}",,,bib5330,yes 5990-location-2,5990,location,"{""Places"": [""Gambia"", ""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -5990-speaker_number-1,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,yes -5990-speakers-1,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,yes -5990-speaker_number-2,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,no -5990-speakers-2,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,no +5990-speaker_number-1,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,yes +5990-speakers-1,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,yes +5990-speaker_number-2,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,no +5990-speakers-2,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,no 5990-speaker_number-3,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 5990-speakers-3,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 5990-speaker_number-4,5990,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 5990-speakers-4,5990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,790"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -5990-LEI-1,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -5990-vitality-1,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -5990-LEI-2,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no -5990-vitality-2,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,no +5990-LEI-1,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +5990-vitality-1,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +5990-LEI-2,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no +5990-vitality-2,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,no 5990-LEI-4,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5990-vitality-4,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5990-LEI-5,5990,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5990-vitality-5,5990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5991-location-1,5991,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Togian Islands of Central Sulawesi. 1,100 of the 1,500 reside in Lembanato village and elsewhere along the shores of Kilat Bay on the north side of Togian Island.""}",,"In the 1960's, a splinter group left Lembanato to settle near Tumbulawa village on the north side of Batu Daka Island. At present this second group reportedly comprises about one hundred Bobongko families, or four hundred or so additional speakers...",bib5068,yes -5991-speaker_number-1,5991,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5068,yes -5991-speakers-1,5991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5068,yes +5991-location-1,5991,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Togian Islands of Central Sulawesi. 1,100 of the 1,500 reside in Lembanato village and elsewhere along the shores of Kilat Bay on the north side of Togian Island.""}",,"In the 1960's, a splinter group left Lembanato to settle near Tumbulawa village on the north side of Batu Daka Island. At present this second group reportedly comprises about one hundred Bobongko families, or four hundred or so additional speakers...",bib5090,yes +5991-speaker_number-1,5991,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5090,yes +5991-speakers-1,5991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5090,yes 5991-speaker_number-2,5991,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2001). ""1,100 in Lembanato and 400 in Tumbulawa.""",bib67,no 5991-speakers-2,5991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2001). ""1,100 in Lembanato and 400 in Tumbulawa.""",bib67,no -5991-LEI-1,5991,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5068,yes -5991-vitality-1,5991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5068,yes +5991-LEI-1,5991,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5090,yes +5991-vitality-1,5991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5090,yes 5991-LEI-2,5991,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5991-vitality-2,5991,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5992-context-1,5992,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""At home, intra-group communication, religion (Hausa)"", ""with older people from neighbouring ethnic group (Fulfilde)"", ""school (English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, English (children)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Today all the ""last speakers"" (semi-speakers) of Bubburè are either bilingual, some Bubburè and Hausa, or fluent in Hausa and Fulfulde... Hausa is used at home and in intra-group communication (i.e. with other ethnic groups in the area, e.g. Fulani and Kirfaawaa) and when communicating with children and grandchildren... Although they sometimes use Fulfulde when communicating with older people from the neighbouring Fulani ethnic group.",bib3348,yes -5992-context-2,5992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fufulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7615,no -5992-location-1,5992,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken today... in B\u00f9r\u00e8 town of Kirf\u00ec district of Kirf\u00ec Local Government Area (henceforth LGA)... in Bauchi state, Nigeria... B\u00f9r\u00e8 is a single village in Kirf\u00ec district located on the boarders of Sooro and Kirf\u00ec LGA's... The village is surrounded by Hausa- and Fulfulde-speaking settlements.""}",,,bib3348,yes -5992-location-2,5992,location,"{""Places"": [""Bure Village, northern Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.517012, 10.333315]]}",,,bib7615,no +5992-context-1,5992,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""At home, intra-group communication, religion (Hausa)"", ""with older people from neighbouring ethnic group (Fulfilde)"", ""school (English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, English (children)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Today all the ""last speakers"" (semi-speakers) of Bubburè are either bilingual, some Bubburè and Hausa, or fluent in Hausa and Fulfulde... Hausa is used at home and in intra-group communication (i.e. with other ethnic groups in the area, e.g. Fulani and Kirfaawaa) and when communicating with children and grandchildren... Although they sometimes use Fulfulde when communicating with older people from the neighbouring Fulani ethnic group.",bib3365,yes +5992-context-2,5992,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fufulde"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7640,no +5992-location-1,5992,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The language is spoken today... in B\u00f9r\u00e8 town of Kirf\u00ec district of Kirf\u00ec Local Government Area (henceforth LGA)... in Bauchi state, Nigeria... B\u00f9r\u00e8 is a single village in Kirf\u00ec district located on the boarders of Sooro and Kirf\u00ec LGA's... The village is surrounded by Hausa- and Fulfulde-speaking settlements.""}",,,bib3365,yes +5992-location-2,5992,location,"{""Places"": [""Bure Village, northern Nigeria""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.517012, 10.333315]]}",,,bib7640,no 5992-location-3,5992,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 5992-speaker_number-1,5992,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5992-speakers-1,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5992-speaker_number-2,5992,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Today there are about ca. 50 surviving speakers of Bubburè. Out of this number only ten (all above the age of 65) can be said to be semi-fluent users of the language.,bib3348,yes -5992-speakers-2,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992-93 and 1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~50""}",,Today there are about ca. 50 surviving speakers of Bubburè. Out of this number only ten (all above the age of 65) can be said to be semi-fluent users of the language.,bib3348,yes -5992-speaker_number-3,5992,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7615,no -5992-speakers-3,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7615,no +5992-speaker_number-2,5992,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Today there are about ca. 50 surviving speakers of Bubburè. Out of this number only ten (all above the age of 65) can be said to be semi-fluent users of the language.,bib3365,yes +5992-speakers-2,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992-93 and 1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""~50""}",,Today there are about ca. 50 surviving speakers of Bubburè. Out of this number only ten (all above the age of 65) can be said to be semi-fluent users of the language.,bib3365,yes +5992-speaker_number-3,5992,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7640,no +5992-speakers-3,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7640,no 5992-speaker_number-4,5992,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5992-speakers-4,5992,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 5992-LEI-1,5992,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5992-vitality-1,5992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5992-LEI-2,5992,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3348,yes -5992-transmission-2,5992,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3348,yes -5992-domains_of_use-2,5992,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3348,yes -5992-speaker_number_trends-2,5992,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3348,yes -5992-vitality-2,5992,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3348,yes -5992-LEI-3,5992,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5992-vitality-3,5992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5992-LEI-2,5992,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3365,yes +5992-transmission-2,5992,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3365,yes +5992-domains_of_use-2,5992,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3365,yes +5992-speaker_number_trends-2,5992,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3365,yes +5992-vitality-2,5992,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Bubburè language is about to undergo a complete language shift as it is in the process of being replaced by Hausa, another Chadic language. The process... is about to lead to a complete disappearance of Bubburè as a distinct linguistic form... The descendants of members of the speech community still exist but no longer speak the former language. Instead they speak a replacing language (Hausa), which has superseded their mother tongue after an intermediate period of bilingual usage... The language is limited to the family domain... Amongst the last surviving semi-speakers (who are all above 65 years) Bubburè is only used with a large number of Hausa words when communicating secrets to one another on social occasions (e.g. meetings or when in the company of strangers, etc.)... Those below the age 65 could not remember using the language except a few phrases of greetings... The only exposure of this group [below the age 65] to the language was limited to listening to a few sentences used by older people when they get angry in certain situations.They had not learned the language by way of a normal acquisition process. They have largely abandoned anything Bubburè and adopted all features of Hausa society, including the language. They consider it their language which is more useful as a lingua franca and is regarded as prestigious... They are not opposed to any plan to preserve Bubburè so that it cannot be lost. As the matter of fact they seem uninterested in learning Bubburè...",bib3365,yes +5992-LEI-3,5992,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5992-vitality-3,5992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5992-LEI-4,5992,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5992-vitality-4,5992,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5993-context-1,5993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo, Konso""}",,"The Bussa are abandoning their language in favour of other Cushitic languages such as Oromo and Konso, which are the dominant languages of the area.",bib7615,yes -5993-location-1,5993,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.7225, 37.1406]]}",,,bib5307,no +5993-context-1,5993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Oromo, Konso""}",,"The Bussa are abandoning their language in favour of other Cushitic languages such as Oromo and Konso, which are the dominant languages of the area.",bib7640,yes +5993-location-1,5993,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.7225, 37.1406]]}",,,bib5330,no 5993-location-2,5993,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""]}",,,bib67,no -5993-speaker_number-1,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -5993-speakers-1,5993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,624"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -5993-speaker_number-2,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5993-speakers-2,5993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5993-speaker_number-1,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +5993-speakers-1,5993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,624"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +5993-speaker_number-2,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5993-speakers-2,5993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5993-speaker_number-3,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5993-speakers-3,5993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,624"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 5993-speaker_number-4,5993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5993-speakers-4,5993,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9,207"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,620"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5993-LEI-1,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -5993-vitality-1,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -5993-LEI-2,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5993-vitality-2,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5993-LEI-1,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +5993-vitality-1,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +5993-LEI-2,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5993-vitality-2,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5993-LEI-3,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5993-vitality-3,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 5993-LEI-4,5993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5993-vitality-4,5993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5994-location-1,5994,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village, Sabon Gida, some 17 km. east of Kungana on the \nroad from Mararaba to Bali in Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.819704, 11.055915]]}",,,bib995,yes -5994-location-2,5994,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Bali LGA, 17km east of Kungana"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.819847, 10.736183]]}",,,bib980,no -5994-location-3,5994,location,"{""Description"": ""Southeast and north of the Mambila Plateau, Nigeria""}",,,bib7615,no +5994-location-1,5994,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village, Sabon Gida, some 17 km. east of Kungana on the \nroad from Mararaba to Bali in Taraba State, Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.819704, 11.055915]]}",,,bib999,yes +5994-location-2,5994,location,"{""Places"": [""Taraba State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Taraba State, Bali LGA, 17km east of Kungana"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.819847, 10.736183]]}",,,bib984,no +5994-location-3,5994,location,"{""Description"": ""Southeast and north of the Mambila Plateau, Nigeria""}",,,bib7640,no 5994-location-4,5994,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 5994-speaker_number-1,5994,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 5994-speakers-1,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -5994-speaker_number-2,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There cannot have been more than 500 speakers when it was recorded in 1984, and I have no more recent information about the people or language.",bib995,yes -5994-speakers-2,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There cannot have been more than 500 speakers when it was recorded in 1984, and I have no more recent information about the people or language.",bib995,yes -5994-speaker_number-3,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib980,no -5994-speakers-3,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib980,no -5994-speaker_number-4,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -5994-speakers-4,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no +5994-speaker_number-2,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There cannot have been more than 500 speakers when it was recorded in 1984, and I have no more recent information about the people or language.",bib999,yes +5994-speakers-2,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There cannot have been more than 500 speakers when it was recorded in 1984, and I have no more recent information about the people or language.",bib999,yes +5994-speaker_number-3,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib984,no +5994-speakers-3,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib984,no +5994-speaker_number-4,5994,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +5994-speakers-4,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no 5994-speaker_number-5,5994,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5994-speakers-5,5994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1984"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 5994-LEI-1,5994,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5994-vitality-1,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5994-LEI-2,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib995,yes -5994-vitality-2,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib995,yes -5994-LEI-3,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5994-vitality-3,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -5994-LEI-4,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5994-vitality-4,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5994-LEI-2,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib999,yes +5994-vitality-2,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib999,yes +5994-LEI-3,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5994-vitality-3,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +5994-LEI-4,5994,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5994-vitality-4,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5994-LEI-5,5994,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5994-vitality-5,5994,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5995-context-1,5995,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banda""}",,The language is at risk of being replaced by Banda.,bib7615,yes -5995-speaker_number-1,5995,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5995-speakers-1,5995,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +5995-context-1,5995,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Banda""}",,The language is at risk of being replaced by Banda.,bib7640,yes +5995-speaker_number-1,5995,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5995-speakers-1,5995,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 5995-speaker_number-2,5995,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 5995-speakers-2,5995,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -5995-LEI-1,5995,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5995-vitality-1,5995,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +5995-LEI-1,5995,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5995-vitality-1,5995,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 5995-LEI-2,5995,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5995-vitality-2,5995,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5997-context-1,5997,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Guruntum""}",,,bib7615,no -5997-location-1,5997,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.104923, 9.822267]]}",,,bib6944,yes -5997-location-2,5997,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA""}",,,bib980,no +5997-context-1,5997,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Guruntum""}",,,bib7640,no +5997-location-1,5997,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nigeria, Bauchi State, Bauchi Division, Zungur District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.104923, 9.822267]]}",,,bib6968,yes +5997-location-2,5997,location,"{""Places"": [""Bauchi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA""}",,,bib984,no 5997-location-3,5997,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no 5997-speaker_number-1,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 5997-speakers-1,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -5997-speaker_number-2,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,yes -5997-speakers-2,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,yes -5997-speaker_number-3,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number: ""150 (LA 1971)""",bib980,no -5997-speakers-3,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number: ""150 (LA 1971)""",bib980,no -5997-speaker_number-4,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -5997-speakers-4,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no +5997-speaker_number-2,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,yes +5997-speakers-2,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,yes +5997-speaker_number-3,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number: ""150 (LA 1971)""",bib984,no +5997-speakers-3,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number: ""150 (LA 1971)""",bib984,no +5997-speaker_number-4,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +5997-speakers-4,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no 5997-speaker_number-5,5997,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 5997-speakers-5,5997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no 5997-LEI-1,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 5997-vitality-1,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -5997-LEI-2,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,yes -5997-vitality-2,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,yes -5997-LEI-3,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,no -5997-vitality-3,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,no -5997-LEI-4,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -5997-vitality-4,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +5997-LEI-2,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,yes +5997-vitality-2,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,yes +5997-LEI-3,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,no +5997-vitality-3,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,no +5997-LEI-4,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +5997-vitality-4,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 5997-LEI-5,5997,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 5997-vitality-5,5997,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -5998-location-1,5998,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.101669, 29.341942]]}",,,bib7945,no -5998-location-2,5998,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The Kamda people live on the western edge of the Nuba Mountains in nine villages and, with other peoples, in the nearby town of Lagowa."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.391187, 29.119034]]}",,,bib3246,no -5998-location-3,5998,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""In the hills south of the Nuba Mountains, Sudan""}",,,bib7615,yes -5998-speaker_number-1,5998,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -5998-speakers-1,5998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes -5998-LEI-1,5998,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -5998-vitality-1,5998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes -5999-context-1,5999,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,Efik appears to have become a dominant language [among the ethnic group].,bib7615,no -5999-location-1,5999,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Ekong Anaku""}",,,bib7838,no -5999-location-2,5999,location,"{""Description"": ""The border area of Cameroon's South West Province and the neighbouring area across the border in Nigeria""}",,,bib7615,no +5998-location-1,5998,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[11.101669, 29.341942]]}",,,bib7970,no +5998-location-2,5998,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The Kamda people live on the western edge of the Nuba Mountains in nine villages and, with other peoples, in the nearby town of Lagowa."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.391187, 29.119034]]}",,,bib3262,no +5998-location-3,5998,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""In the hills south of the Nuba Mountains, Sudan""}",,,bib7640,yes +5998-speaker_number-1,5998,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +5998-speakers-1,5998,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes +5998-LEI-1,5998,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +5998-vitality-1,5998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes +5999-context-1,5999,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Efik""}",,Efik appears to have become a dominant language [among the ethnic group].,bib7640,no +5999-location-1,5999,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Ekong Anaku""}",,,bib7863,no +5999-location-2,5999,location,"{""Description"": ""The border area of Cameroon's South West Province and the neighbouring area across the border in Nigeria""}",,,bib7640,no 5999-location-3,5999,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria, Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Cross River state, Odukpani and Akampka LGAs [in Nigeria]; South West Province, Ndian Division, along Nigeria border, northwest of Mundemba [in Cameroon]."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.101887, 8.711952], [5.094364, 8.783175]]}",,,bib67,yes -5999-speakers-1,5999,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">12500""}",,,bib7615,no +5999-speakers-1,5999,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">12500""}",,,bib7640,no 5999-speaker_number-2,5999,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"10,200 in Nigeria (2000). Population total all countries: 17,640.",bib67,yes 5999-speakers-2,5999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,640"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"10,200 in Nigeria (2000). Population total all countries: 17,640.",bib67,yes 5999-LEI-1,5999,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 5999-vitality-1,5999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -600-context-1,600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (Setswana)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, other Khoe languages""}",,"“...when a person speaks Shua khoe, s/he can easily be understood by |Hai khoe or Tshire-Tshire who speak different Khoe languages, and therefore, the interlocutors are very often, if not always, not obliged to switch to the linguistic code of the other when engaged in the same conversation.”",bib1666,no -600-location-1,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Tutume"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.21114, 26.181608]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: Nata",bib3359,no +600-context-1,600,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (Setswana)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, other Khoe languages""}",,"“...when a person speaks Shua khoe, s/he can easily be understood by |Hai khoe or Tshire-Tshire who speak different Khoe languages, and therefore, the interlocutors are very often, if not always, not obliged to switch to the linguistic code of the other when engaged in the same conversation.”",bib1678,no +600-location-1,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Tutume"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.21114, 26.181608]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: Nata",bib3376,no 600-location-2,600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.5, 24.5]]}",,,bib216,no 600-location-3,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""]}",,,bib67,no -600-location-4,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Botswana""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.086889, 26.570435]]}",,,bib1243,yes -600-location-5,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.463293, 24.860344]]}",,"Very remote areas of Mosu, Khoee, Tshwa-gong, Thabatshukudu",bib1666,no -600-location-6,600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.2458, 26.1776]]}",,,bib5307,no -600-speakers-1,600,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,950-7,850 (Boteti pop.)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +600-location-4,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Botswana""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.086889, 26.570435]]}",,,bib1252,yes +600-location-5,600,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.463293, 24.860344]]}",,"Very remote areas of Mosu, Khoee, Tshwa-gong, Thabatshukudu",bib1678,no +600-location-6,600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.2458, 26.1776]]}",,,bib5330,no +600-speakers-1,600,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,950-7,850 (Boteti pop.)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 600-speaker_number-2,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Cook 2004.,bib67,no 600-speakers-2,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from R. Cook 2004.,bib67,no -600-speaker_number-3,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1243,yes -600-speakers-3,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1243,yes -600-speakers-4,600,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998-1999""}",,,bib1666,no -600-speaker_number-5,600,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -600-speakers-5,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +600-speaker_number-3,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1252,yes +600-speakers-3,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1252,yes +600-speakers-4,600,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998-1999""}",,,bib1678,no +600-speaker_number-5,600,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +600-speakers-5,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""420"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 600-speaker_number-6,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 600-speakers-6,600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -600-speaker_number-7,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1236,no -600-speakers-7,600,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1236,no +600-speaker_number-7,600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1245,no +600-speakers-7,600,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1245,no 600-LEI-1,600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 600-vitality-1,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -600-LEI-2,600,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -600-speaker_number_trends-2,600,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1243,yes -600-vitality-2,600,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1243,yes -600-LEI-3,600,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1666,no -600-transmission-3,600,transmission,0,transmission-0,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1666,no -600-vitality-3,600,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1666,no -600-LEI-4,600,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -600-vitality-4,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +600-LEI-2,600,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +600-speaker_number_trends-2,600,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1252,yes +600-vitality-2,600,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1252,yes +600-LEI-3,600,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1678,no +600-transmission-3,600,transmission,0,transmission-0,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1678,no +600-vitality-3,600,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,“All ages speak the language.”,bib1678,no +600-LEI-4,600,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +600-vitality-4,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 600-LEI-5,600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 600-vitality-5,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -600-LEI-6,600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1236,no -600-vitality-6,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1236,no -6000-context-1,6000,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nzakara""}",,The language is systematically being replaced by Nzakara.,bib7615,no -6000-location-1,6000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mingala Prefecture, Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.301989, 21.889473]]}",,,bib7615,no +600-LEI-6,600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1245,no +600-vitality-6,600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1245,no +6000-context-1,6000,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nzakara""}",,The language is systematically being replaced by Nzakara.,bib7640,no +6000-location-1,6000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mingala Prefecture, Central African Republic""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.301989, 21.889473]]}",,,bib7640,no 6000-location-2,6000,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""South Mingala Prefecture.""}",,,bib67,yes 6000-speaker_number-1,6000,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,500 (1996)",bib67,yes 6000-speakers-1,6000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,500 (1996)",bib67,yes 6000-LEI-1,6000,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6000-vitality-1,6000,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -6006-context-1,6006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""CiGogo""}",,,bib6944,no -6006-context-2,6006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gogo""}",,,bib7615,no -6006-location-1,6006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3753, 35.8621]]}",,,bib5307,no +6006-context-1,6006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""CiGogo""}",,,bib6968,no +6006-context-2,6006,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Gogo""}",,,bib7640,no +6006-location-1,6006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3753, 35.8621]]}",,,bib5330,no 6006-location-2,6006,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Manyara region: Mbulu district.""}",,,bib69,yes -6006-location-3,6006,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, Dodoma District, at Bankolo... and near Isolo.""}",,,bib6944,no +6006-location-3,6006,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, Dodoma District, at Bankolo... and near Isolo.""}",,,bib6968,no 6006-speakers-1,6006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. C. Ehret reportedly worked with the last speaker (1976 M. Bender). Confirmed by R. Kiessling (1999).,bib69,yes -6006-speaker_number-2,6006,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In the late 1970s there were only 4 men and 1 woman who knew Kwadza,bib6944,no -6006-speakers-2,6006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In the late 1970s there were only 4 men and 1 woman who knew Kwadza,bib6944,no +6006-speaker_number-2,6006,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,In the late 1970s there were only 4 men and 1 woman who knew Kwadza,bib6968,no +6006-speakers-2,6006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,In the late 1970s there were only 4 men and 1 woman who knew Kwadza,bib6968,no 6006-LEI-1,6006,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 6006-vitality-1,6006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -6006-LEI-2,6006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -6006-vitality-2,6006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -6025-context-1,6025,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib5308,no +6006-LEI-2,6006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +6006-vitality-2,6006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +6025-context-1,6025,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib5331,no 6025-context-2,6025,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except domestic""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib213,no -6025-location-1,6025,location,"{""Places"": [""Bezhta"", ""Tlyadal"", ""Khasharkhota, Tsunta County""]}",,,bib5308,no +6025-location-1,6025,location,"{""Places"": [""Bezhta"", ""Tlyadal"", ""Khasharkhota, Tsunta County""]}",,,bib5331,no 6025-location-2,6025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0833333333, 46.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 6025-location-3,6025,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,yes -6025-location-4,6025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1369, 46.1508]]}",,,bib5307,no -6025-speaker_number-1,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5308,no -6025-speakers-1,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5308,no +6025-location-4,6025,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.1369, 46.1508]]}",,,bib5330,no +6025-speaker_number-1,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5331,no +6025-speakers-1,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5331,no 6025-speaker_number-2,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,yes 6025-speakers-2,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2002 census.,bib67,yes -6025-speaker_number-3,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -6025-speakers-3,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,461"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +6025-speaker_number-3,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +6025-speakers-3,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,461"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 6025-speaker_number-4,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 6025-speakers-4,6025,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 6025-speaker_number-5,6025,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 6025-speakers-5,6025,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -6025-LEI-1,6025,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,no -6025-transmission-1,6025,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5308,no -6025-vitality-1,6025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,no +6025-LEI-1,6025,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,no +6025-transmission-1,6025,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5331,no +6025-vitality-1,6025,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,no 6025-LEI-2,6025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6025-vitality-2,6025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -6025-LEI-3,6025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6025-vitality-3,6025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +6025-LEI-3,6025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6025-vitality-3,6025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 6025-LEI-4,6025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6025-vitality-4,6025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 6025-LEI-5,6025,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 6025-vitality-5,6025,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -6029-location-1,6029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.61979016, 135.5309461]]}",,,bib1182,no +6029-location-1,6029,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.61979016, 135.5309461]]}",,,bib1191,no 6029-location-2,6029,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 6029-speaker_number-2,6029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 6029-speakers-2,6029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -6029-speaker_number-3,6029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,~200 speakers of the Dhuwaya variety.,bib7422,no -6029-speakers-3,6029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,~200 speakers of the Dhuwaya variety.,bib7422,no +6029-speaker_number-3,6029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,~200 speakers of the Dhuwaya variety.,bib7446,no +6029-speakers-3,6029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,~200 speakers of the Dhuwaya variety.,bib7446,no 6029-speaker_number-4,6029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,20 speakers of Datiwuy variety; 500 speakers of Dhuwaya variety; 30 speakers of Marrangu variety.,bib34,yes 6029-speakers-4,6029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,044"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,20 speakers of Datiwuy variety; 500 speakers of Dhuwaya variety; 30 speakers of Marrangu variety.,bib34,yes 6029-speaker_number-5,6029,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census, and ""includes 200 Djapu, 160 Liyagalawumirr (clan names).""",bib67,no 6029-speakers-5,6029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1996 census, and ""includes 200 Djapu, 160 Liyagalawumirr (clan names).""",bib67,no -6029-LEI-1,6029,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1182,no -6029-transmission-1,6029,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1182,no -6029-speaker_number_trends-1,6029,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1182,no -6029-vitality-1,6029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1182,no +6029-LEI-1,6029,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1191,no +6029-transmission-1,6029,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1191,no +6029-speaker_number_trends-1,6029,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib1191,no +6029-vitality-1,6029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1191,no 6029-LEI-2,6029,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6029-vitality-2,6029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6029-LEI-3,6029,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -6029-vitality-3,6029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +6029-LEI-3,6029,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +6029-vitality-3,6029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 6029-LEI-4,6029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes 6029-vitality-4,6029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 6029-LEI-5,6029,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6029-vitality-5,6029,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -603-context-2,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Village Schools Project was launched in 1991 and then in 2004 it was incorporated into the national educational system of Namibia.""}",,,bib2122,no -603-context-3,603,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,Both Naro and Ju|'hoan have had language development efforts for over a decade. This may have resulted in more positive attitudes among the speakers of these languages.,bib3359,no -603-context-4,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Namibian Government has made a massive commitment to Dickens orthography. The Educational Program of the Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia officially began in 1991"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Language curriculum materials and an adult literacy program. Dickens orthography was adopted as the official educational orthography of the Nyae Nyae Farmers' Cooperative.""}",,Dictionary and grammar by Patrick Dickens.,bib927,no -603-context-5,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Some support in Namibia; minority language rights are severely restricted in Botswana""}",,,bib3837,no -603-context-6,603,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Nyae Nyae Conservancy, language materials, Village Schools Project, Ju|'hoan-English dictionary, mother-tongue education""}",,,bib3555,no -603-location-1,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi and Northwest area, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.472933, 22.700659]]}",,"Speakers of Ju/'hoansi live in; Sehithwa, Nokaneng, Tsau, Qangwa, Qaaca, Dobe, Charles Hill, D'kar, Groote Laagte, Kanagas, Karakobic, Kuke, New Kanagas, Tsobokwane, and West Hanahai. They are also found in some north eastern parts of Namibia.",bib2799,no -603-location-2,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Tsumkwe, Otjozondjupa Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[-19.591168, 20.502033]]}",,,bib925,yes -603-location-3,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ngamiland North, Ngamiland South, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.783792, 21.742359]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Groot Laagte, Dobe, Tsodilo, Xangwa (Qangwa), Xaxa (Xaixai), Nxaunxau, Gane, Kanagas, Nokaneng, Karakobis, Ghanzi, Maun""",bib3359,no -603-location-4,603,location,"{""Description"": ""Most Ju|'hoansi live to the west of the Okavango towards the Namibian border and into the neighbouring parts of Namibia.""}",,,bib3837,no -603-speaker_number-2,603,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib925,yes -603-speakers-2,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib925,yes -603-speakers-3,603,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,300-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +603-context-2,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Village Schools Project was launched in 1991 and then in 2004 it was incorporated into the national educational system of Namibia.""}",,,bib2135,no +603-context-3,603,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""To the chief, clinic workers""]}",,Both Naro and Ju|'hoan have had language development efforts for over a decade. This may have resulted in more positive attitudes among the speakers of these languages.,bib3376,no +603-context-4,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Namibian Government has made a massive commitment to Dickens orthography. The Educational Program of the Nyae Nyae Development Foundation of Namibia officially began in 1991"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Language curriculum materials and an adult literacy program. Dickens orthography was adopted as the official educational orthography of the Nyae Nyae Farmers' Cooperative.""}",,Dictionary and grammar by Patrick Dickens.,bib931,no +603-context-5,603,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Some support in Namibia; minority language rights are severely restricted in Botswana""}",,,bib3856,no +603-context-6,603,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Nyae Nyae Conservancy, language materials, Village Schools Project, Ju|'hoan-English dictionary, mother-tongue education""}",,,bib3573,no +603-location-1,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi and Northwest area, Botswana"", ""Coordinates"": [[-20.472933, 22.700659]]}",,"Speakers of Ju/'hoansi live in; Sehithwa, Nokaneng, Tsau, Qangwa, Qaaca, Dobe, Charles Hill, D'kar, Groote Laagte, Kanagas, Karakobic, Kuke, New Kanagas, Tsobokwane, and West Hanahai. They are also found in some north eastern parts of Namibia.",bib2813,no +603-location-2,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Tsumkwe, Otjozondjupa Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[-19.591168, 20.502033]]}",,,bib929,yes +603-location-3,603,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Ngamiland North, Ngamiland South, Ghanzi"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.783792, 21.742359]]}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Groot Laagte, Dobe, Tsodilo, Xangwa (Qangwa), Xaxa (Xaixai), Nxaunxau, Gane, Kanagas, Nokaneng, Karakobis, Ghanzi, Maun""",bib3376,no +603-location-4,603,location,"{""Description"": ""Most Ju|'hoansi live to the west of the Okavango towards the Namibian border and into the neighbouring parts of Namibia.""}",,,bib3856,no +603-speaker_number-2,603,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib929,yes +603-speakers-2,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib929,yes +603-speakers-3,603,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,300-5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 603-speaker_number-4,603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,000 [speakers] in Botswana (2002).",bib67,no 603-speakers-4,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""33,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,000 [speakers] in Botswana (2002).",bib67,no -603-speaker_number-5,603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hitchcock and Holm (1993) estimate the number of Ju|'hoansi in Botswana to just over 3,000. Figures from Namibia are not easy to get hold of, but there should be at least as many there as in Botswana.",bib3837,no -603-speakers-5,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hitchcock and Holm (1993) estimate the number of Ju|'hoansi in Botswana to just over 3,000. Figures from Namibia are not easy to get hold of, but there should be at least as many there as in Botswana.",bib3837,no -603-speaker_number-6,603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 in Namibia, 2,000+ in Ngamiland, Botswana",bib3555,no -603-speakers-6,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 in Namibia, 2,000+ in Ngamiland, Botswana",bib3555,no -603-LEI-1,603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib925,yes -603-vitality-1,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib925,yes -603-LEI-2,603,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3359,no -603-domains_of_use-2,603,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3359,no -603-vitality-2,603,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3359,no +603-speaker_number-5,603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hitchcock and Holm (1993) estimate the number of Ju|'hoansi in Botswana to just over 3,000. Figures from Namibia are not easy to get hold of, but there should be at least as many there as in Botswana.",bib3856,no +603-speakers-5,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hitchcock and Holm (1993) estimate the number of Ju|'hoansi in Botswana to just over 3,000. Figures from Namibia are not easy to get hold of, but there should be at least as many there as in Botswana.",bib3856,no +603-speaker_number-6,603,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,000 in Namibia, 2,000+ in Ngamiland, Botswana",bib3573,no +603-speakers-6,603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,000 in Namibia, 2,000+ in Ngamiland, Botswana",bib3573,no +603-LEI-1,603,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib929,yes +603-vitality-1,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib929,yes +603-LEI-2,603,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3376,no +603-domains_of_use-2,603,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3376,no +603-vitality-2,603,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3376,no 603-LEI-3,603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 603-vitality-3,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -603-LEI-4,603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3837,no -603-vitality-4,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3837,no -603-LEI-5,603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3555,no -603-vitality-5,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3555,no -6030-context-1,6030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe, Ghanaian English""}",,"For many ethnic Logba, Ewe and (Ghanaian) English become more and more of a primary language in daily communication.",bib5309,no +603-LEI-4,603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3856,no +603-vitality-4,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3856,no +603-LEI-5,603,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3573,no +603-vitality-5,603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3573,no +6030-context-1,6030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe, Ghanaian English""}",,"For many ethnic Logba, Ewe and (Ghanaian) English become more and more of a primary language in daily communication.",bib5332,no 6030-context-2,6030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe""}",,A population sample averaged 87%% comprehension of Éwé [ewe] mixed discourse types.,bib67,yes -6030-location-1,6030,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Ghana""]}",,,bib5309,no +6030-location-1,6030,location,"{""Places"": [""Southern Ghana""]}",,,bib5332,no 6030-location-2,6030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Southeast."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.952328, 0.472206]]}",,,bib67,yes -6030-speaker_number-1,6030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Logba...is an endangered Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language spoken by an ethnic group of about 5,000 people in southern Ghana.",bib5309,no -6030-speakers-1,6030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Logba...is an endangered Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language spoken by an ethnic group of about 5,000 people in southern Ghana.",bib5309,no +6030-speaker_number-1,6030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Logba...is an endangered Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language spoken by an ethnic group of about 5,000 people in southern Ghana.",bib5332,no +6030-speakers-1,6030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Logba...is an endangered Togo-Remnant (Niger-Congo) language spoken by an ethnic group of about 5,000 people in southern Ghana.",bib5332,no 6030-speaker_number-2,6030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"7,500 (2003)",bib67,yes 6030-speakers-2,6030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"7,500 (2003)",bib67,yes -6030-LEI-1,6030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -6030-vitality-1,6030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +6030-LEI-1,6030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +6030-vitality-1,6030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 6030-LEI-2,6030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6030-vitality-2,6030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 6031-location-1,6031,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""East region: Lom-and-Djerem division, west of B\u00e9tar\u00e9-Oya town."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.6, 13.8]]}",,,bib69,yes @@ -58474,290 +58678,290 @@ The class, which will be held regularly from now onwards, was organised by the L 6031-speakers-1,6031,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,yes 6031-LEI-1,6031,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 6031-vitality-1,6031,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -6032-context-1,6032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic""}",,,bib7615,no +6032-context-1,6032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shuwa Arabic""}",,,bib7640,no 6032-context-2,6032,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chadian Spoken Arabic, Kanuri""}",,The people of Klesem village no longer speak Mser. Most also use Chadian Spoken Arabic [shu] or Kanuri [knc].,bib67,yes -6032-location-1,6032,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""]}",,,bib7615,no +6032-location-1,6032,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Chad""]}",,,bib7640,no 6032-location-2,6032,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Far North Province, Logone-and-Chari Division, Kousseri Subdivision [in Cameroon]; Town of N\u2019Djam\u00e9na, Cameroon border near N\u2019Djam\u00e9na [in Chad]"", ""Coordinates"": [[12.100424, 15.026155], [12.11083, 15.035425]]}",,,bib67,yes 6032-speaker_number-1,6032,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 6032-speakers-1,6032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -6032-speaker_number-2,6032,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -6032-speakers-2,6032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no +6032-speaker_number-2,6032,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +6032-speakers-2,6032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no 6032-speaker_number-3,6032,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,500 in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). Data for the number of native speakers comes from Tourneux (2004).,bib67,yes 6032-speakers-3,6032,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,500 in Cameroon (Tourneux 2004). Data for the number of native speakers comes from Tourneux (2004).,bib67,yes 6032-LEI-1,6032,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6032-vitality-1,6032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6032-LEI-2,6032,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -6032-vitality-2,6032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +6032-LEI-2,6032,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +6032-vitality-2,6032,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 6032-LEI-3,6032,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,In rapid decline (Tourneux 2004).,bib67,yes 6032-speaker_number_trends-3,6032,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,In rapid decline (Tourneux 2004).,bib67,yes 6032-vitality-3,6032,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,In rapid decline (Tourneux 2004).,bib67,yes 6035-location-1,6035,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Mamb\u00e9r\u00e9-Kad\u00e9\u00ef prefecture: Gamboula subprefecture; Sangha-Mba\u00e9r\u00e9 prefecture: Nola subprefecture, south and east of Nola."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.0, 16.0]]}",,,bib69,yes -6035-location-2,6035,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in isolated hamlets in the area of Nola-Bayanga, Central African Republic.""}",,,bib7615,no +6035-location-2,6035,location,"{""Description"": ""Spoken in isolated hamlets in the area of Nola-Bayanga, Central African Republic.""}",,,bib7640,no 6035-speaker_number-1,6035,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,yes 6035-speakers-1,6035,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,yes 6035-LEI-1,6035,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 6035-vitality-1,6035,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -6036-context-1,6036,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nigerian Pidgin English, Ijo""}",,Obulum is endangered because of the dominant role of Nigerian Pidgin English and major languages like Ijo in the area.,bib7615,no -6036-location-1,6036,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In and around Abuloma Town, Rivers State, Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.743327, 7.082359]]}",,,bib7615,no +6036-context-1,6036,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nigerian Pidgin English, Ijo""}",,Obulum is endangered because of the dominant role of Nigerian Pidgin English and major languages like Ijo in the area.,bib7640,no +6036-location-1,6036,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In and around Abuloma Town, Rivers State, Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.743327, 7.082359]]}",,,bib7640,no 6036-location-2,6036,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Rivers state, Port Harcourt LGA, Abuloma town."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.7432164, 7.0821162]]}",,,bib67,yes 6036-speaker_number-1,6036,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,420 (2000)",bib67,yes 6036-speakers-1,6036,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,420"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,420 (2000)",bib67,yes 6036-LEI-1,6036,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6036-vitality-1,6036,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 6037-context-1,6037,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango [sag]""}",,,bib69,yes -6037-context-2,6037,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango, Gbaya, Banda""}",,"Sango, the lingua franca of the area, and encroaching Gbaya and Banda, tend to be replacing Pande.",bib7615,no +6037-context-2,6037,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sango, Gbaya, Banda""}",,"Sango, the lingua franca of the area, and encroaching Gbaya and Banda, tend to be replacing Pande.",bib7640,no 6037-location-1,6037,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Mamb\u00e9r\u00e9-Kad\u00e9\u00ef prefecture: Berb\u00e9rati subprefecture; Sangha-Mba\u00e9r\u00e9 prefecture: Nola subprefecture, small area near Banga town.""}",,,bib69,yes -6037-location-2,6037,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Around Nola, Central African Republic"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.522159, 16.039603]]}",,,bib7615,no +6037-location-2,6037,location,"{""Places"": [""Central African Republic""], ""Description"": ""Around Nola, Central African Republic"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.522159, 16.039603]]}",,,bib7640,no 6037-speaker_number-1,6037,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,yes 6037-speakers-1,6037,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,870"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,yes 6037-LEI-1,6037,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 6037-vitality-1,6037,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -6038-context-1,6038,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Modern Hebrew, Tigrinya, Ge'ez"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Nowadays they speak either Amharic, or in case of a much smaller number Tigrinya, and of course, most now also speak Modern Hebrew since the immigration of the greater part of the community to Israel in two waves during the 1990s... All six speakers normally use Amharic in their daily intercourse, and only Qes Tayyä and his wife occasionally speak Qwarenya when they do no want anyone within earshot to understand...",bib519,no -6038-location-1,6038,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel (now)"", ""Ethiopia (Previously)""], ""Description"": ""Qwara being the region to the northwest and west of Lake Tana. This was the home region of the last speakers before they immigrated to Israel... At the time of my research the six remaining speakers were living in different places of Israel - only Qes [priest] Tayy\u00e4, who was my principal informant and his wife were living together... All [six speakers of Qwarenya] originate from a cluster of six villages in Qwara, some five days' journey on foot from Gondar... Their villages, they say, are now either abandoned or wholly taken over by Amhra farmers""}",,,bib519,no -6038-speaker_number-1,6038,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,May have a few elderly speakers left.,bib7615,yes -6038-speakers-1,6038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,May have a few elderly speakers left.,bib7615,yes -6038-speaker_number-2,6038,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"...It was presumed that there were no longer any speakers left until six elderly speakers were found amongst the last major wave of immigrants to Israel in 1991... All of the speakers were aged 70 and above, and two of them were bedridden...These six claim to be the last surviving speakers of Qwarenya.",bib519,no -6038-speakers-2,6038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,"...It was presumed that there were no longer any speakers left until six elderly speakers were found amongst the last major wave of immigrants to Israel in 1991... All of the speakers were aged 70 and above, and two of them were bedridden...These six claim to be the last surviving speakers of Qwarenya.",bib519,no -6038-LEI-1,6038,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -6038-transmission-1,6038,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7615,yes -6038-vitality-1,6038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7615,yes -6038-LEI-2,6038,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib519,no -6038-transmission-2,6038,transmission,5,transmission-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib519,no -6038-domains_of_use-2,6038,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib519,no -6038-speaker_number_trends-2,6038,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib519,no -6038-vitality-2,6038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib519,no -6039-context-1,6039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe""}",,"Ewe is becoming more and more of a dominant, first language in the area, as a result of which Sele as well as a number of other Togo Remnant languages are becoming obsolescent.",bib7615,yes -6039-location-1,6039,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, north of Hohoe. Villages of Benua, Bume, and Gbodome.""}",,,bib997,no -6039-speaker_number-1,6039,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib997,no -6039-speakers-1,6039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib997,no -6039-speaker_number-2,6039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -6039-speakers-2,6039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes +6038-context-1,6038,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Amharic, Modern Hebrew, Tigrinya, Ge'ez"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Nowadays they speak either Amharic, or in case of a much smaller number Tigrinya, and of course, most now also speak Modern Hebrew since the immigration of the greater part of the community to Israel in two waves during the 1990s... All six speakers normally use Amharic in their daily intercourse, and only Qes Tayyä and his wife occasionally speak Qwarenya when they do no want anyone within earshot to understand...",bib522,no +6038-location-1,6038,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel (now)"", ""Ethiopia (Previously)""], ""Description"": ""Qwara being the region to the northwest and west of Lake Tana. This was the home region of the last speakers before they immigrated to Israel... At the time of my research the six remaining speakers were living in different places of Israel - only Qes [priest] Tayy\u00e4, who was my principal informant and his wife were living together... All [six speakers of Qwarenya] originate from a cluster of six villages in Qwara, some five days' journey on foot from Gondar... Their villages, they say, are now either abandoned or wholly taken over by Amhra farmers""}",,,bib522,no +6038-speaker_number-1,6038,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,May have a few elderly speakers left.,bib7640,yes +6038-speakers-1,6038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,May have a few elderly speakers left.,bib7640,yes +6038-speaker_number-2,6038,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"...It was presumed that there were no longer any speakers left until six elderly speakers were found amongst the last major wave of immigrants to Israel in 1991... All of the speakers were aged 70 and above, and two of them were bedridden...These six claim to be the last surviving speakers of Qwarenya.",bib522,no +6038-speakers-2,6038,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""6""}",,"...It was presumed that there were no longer any speakers left until six elderly speakers were found amongst the last major wave of immigrants to Israel in 1991... All of the speakers were aged 70 and above, and two of them were bedridden...These six claim to be the last surviving speakers of Qwarenya.",bib522,no +6038-LEI-1,6038,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +6038-transmission-1,6038,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7640,yes +6038-vitality-1,6038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7640,yes +6038-LEI-2,6038,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib522,no +6038-transmission-2,6038,transmission,5,transmission-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib522,no +6038-domains_of_use-2,6038,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib522,no +6038-speaker_number_trends-2,6038,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib522,no +6038-vitality-2,6038,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...Insofar it [Qwarenya] is no longer the normal means of spoken communication between the handful of individuals who retain some knowledge of it... With apparently only six remaining speakers, therefore - and speakers with markedly differing levels of competence at that - the language is plainly dead as a spoken medium... One of the Qes Tayyä's [principal informant] younger sons was training to be a priest... like his father, and he was learning portions of the prayer cycle in Qwarenya... However these sections of prayers were learned by rote and aside from these he was unable to use Qwarenya other than to recite a few standard blessings and greetings formulae, a few proverbs and pieces of songs, one or two items of basic vocabulary... A small number of other, younger members of the community could also recall a few words, learned more for amusement or curiosity than anything else.",bib522,no +6039-context-1,6039,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ewe""}",,"Ewe is becoming more and more of a dominant, first language in the area, as a result of which Sele as well as a number of other Togo Remnant languages are becoming obsolescent.",bib7640,yes +6039-location-1,6039,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Volta Region, north of Hohoe. Villages of Benua, Bume, and Gbodome.""}",,,bib1001,no +6039-speaker_number-1,6039,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1001,no +6039-speakers-1,6039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1001,no +6039-speaker_number-2,6039,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +6039-speakers-2,6039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes 6039-speaker_number-3,6039,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from GILLBT (2003).,bib67,no 6039-speakers-3,6039,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from GILLBT (2003).,bib67,no -6039-LEI-1,6039,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib997,no -6039-vitality-1,6039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib997,no -6039-LEI-2,6039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -6039-vitality-2,6039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +6039-LEI-1,6039,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1001,no +6039-vitality-1,6039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1001,no +6039-LEI-2,6039,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +6039-vitality-2,6039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 6039-LEI-3,6039,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6039-vitality-3,6039,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6045-location-1,6045,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3333, 106.75]]}",,,bib5307,no -6045-location-2,6045,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Xekong Province, Lamam District""}",,There are 492 group members in 3 villages.,bib1205,yes +6045-location-1,6045,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3333, 106.75]]}",,,bib5330,no +6045-location-2,6045,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Xekong Province, Lamam District""}",,There are 492 group members in 3 villages.,bib1214,yes 6045-speakers-1,6045,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,215""}",,,bib176,no -6045-speaker_number-2,6045,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1205,yes -6045-speakers-2,6045,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""492"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~492"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1205,yes -6045-LEI-1,6045,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -6045-vitality-1,6045,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -6046-location-1,6046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3333, 106.85]]}",,,bib5307,no -6046-location-2,6046,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Xekong Province, Thataeng District""}",,"About 1,500 people in 3 villages.",bib1205,yes -6046-speaker_number-1,6046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -6046-speakers-1,6046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -6046-LEI-1,6046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -6046-vitality-1,6046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1205,yes -605-context-1,605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,"Even today most Hadza children learn little Swahili in early years, and it is only among grown up men that knowledge of Swahili may be taken for granted.",bib2398,no -605-context-2,605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Isanzu, Sukuma, Datooga""}",,"In the south the Hadza are bilingual in Isanzu, and in the west in Sukuma. A number of Hadza speak Datooga in the central areas, but few know Iraqw",bib1243,yes -605-location-1,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, some distance northwest of the Sandawe, southeast of Lake Victoria... 'Kondoa and Mbulu Districts, near Lake Eyasi, mainly to the west.' [(Tucker and Brian 1956)]""}",,,bib6944,no -605-location-2,605,location,"{""Description"": ""North-central Tanzania, principally to the east and south of Lake Eyasi.""}",,,bib2398,no +6045-speaker_number-2,6045,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1214,yes +6045-speakers-2,6045,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""492"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~492"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1214,yes +6045-LEI-1,6045,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +6045-vitality-1,6045,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +6046-location-1,6046,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3333, 106.85]]}",,,bib5330,no +6046-location-2,6046,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""], ""Description"": ""Xekong Province, Thataeng District""}",,"About 1,500 people in 3 villages.",bib1214,yes +6046-speaker_number-1,6046,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +6046-speakers-1,6046,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +6046-LEI-1,6046,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +6046-vitality-1,6046,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1214,yes +605-context-1,605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili""}",,"Even today most Hadza children learn little Swahili in early years, and it is only among grown up men that knowledge of Swahili may be taken for granted.",bib2411,no +605-context-2,605,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Isanzu, Sukuma, Datooga""}",,"In the south the Hadza are bilingual in Isanzu, and in the west in Sukuma. A number of Hadza speak Datooga in the central areas, but few know Iraqw",bib1252,yes +605-location-1,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Tanzania, some distance northwest of the Sandawe, southeast of Lake Victoria... 'Kondoa and Mbulu Districts, near Lake Eyasi, mainly to the west.' [(Tucker and Brian 1956)]""}",,,bib6968,no +605-location-2,605,location,"{""Description"": ""North-central Tanzania, principally to the east and south of Lake Eyasi.""}",,,bib2411,no 605-location-3,605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.75, 35.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 605-location-4,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""]}",,,bib67,no -605-location-5,605,location,"{""Description"": ""Either side of the intermittent salt lake Eyasi in central Tanzania.""}",,,bib5178,no -605-location-6,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Hadza people live in the vicinity of Lake Eyasi and the adjacent areas, north of the Sandawe in the central part of Tanzania."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.612107, 35.315552]]}",,,bib1243,yes -605-location-7,605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.401, 35.3897]]}",,,bib5307,no -605-location-8,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Lake Eyasi area, Central Tanzania""}",,"Hadza... - Ethnischer Name bzw. Sprache einer ehemals als Jäger und sammler lebenden Restbevölkerung am Eyasi-See in Zentral-Tanzania, etwa 800 Individuen umfassend.",bib3994,no -605-location-9,605,location,"{""Description"": ""Southeast of Lake Victoria, near Lake Eyasi, Tanzania""}",,,bib7615,no -605-speaker_number-1,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6944,no -605-speakers-1,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6944,no -605-speaker_number-2,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2398,no -605-speakers-2,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2398,no +605-location-5,605,location,"{""Description"": ""Either side of the intermittent salt lake Eyasi in central Tanzania.""}",,,bib5200,no +605-location-6,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Hadza people live in the vicinity of Lake Eyasi and the adjacent areas, north of the Sandawe in the central part of Tanzania."", ""Coordinates"": [[-3.612107, 35.315552]]}",,,bib1252,yes +605-location-7,605,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.401, 35.3897]]}",,,bib5330,no +605-location-8,605,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Lake Eyasi area, Central Tanzania""}",,"Hadza... - Ethnischer Name bzw. Sprache einer ehemals als Jäger und sammler lebenden Restbevölkerung am Eyasi-See in Zentral-Tanzania, etwa 800 Individuen umfassend.",bib4014,no +605-location-9,605,location,"{""Description"": ""Southeast of Lake Victoria, near Lake Eyasi, Tanzania""}",,,bib7640,no +605-speaker_number-1,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6968,no +605-speakers-1,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6968,no +605-speaker_number-2,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2411,no +605-speakers-2,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2411,no 605-speaker_number-3,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 605-speakers-3,605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -605-speaker_number-4,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5178,no -605-speakers-4,605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5178,no -605-speaker_number-5,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The number of Hadza speakers is most likely about 950, as all Hadza speak the Hadza language.",bib1243,yes -605-speakers-5,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The number of Hadza speakers is most likely about 950, as all Hadza speak the Hadza language.",bib1243,yes -605-speaker_number-6,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -605-speakers-6,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +605-speaker_number-4,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5200,no +605-speakers-4,605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Several hundred"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5200,no +605-speaker_number-5,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The number of Hadza speakers is most likely about 950, as all Hadza speak the Hadza language.",bib1252,yes +605-speakers-5,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The number of Hadza speakers is most likely about 950, as all Hadza speak the Hadza language.",bib1252,yes +605-speaker_number-6,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +605-speakers-6,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""975"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 605-speaker_number-7,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 605-speakers-7,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -605-speakers-8,605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800""}",,,bib3994,no -605-speaker_number-9,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5358,no -605-speakers-9,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5358,no -605-speaker_number-10,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7615,no -605-speakers-10,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7615,no -605-LEI-1,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -605-vitality-1,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -605-LEI-2,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2398,no -605-vitality-2,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2398,no +605-speakers-8,605,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""800""}",,,bib4014,no +605-speaker_number-9,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5381,no +605-speakers-9,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5381,no +605-speaker_number-10,605,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7640,no +605-speakers-10,605,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7640,no +605-LEI-1,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +605-vitality-1,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +605-LEI-2,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2411,no +605-vitality-2,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2411,no 605-LEI-3,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 605-vitality-3,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -605-LEI-4,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5178,no -605-vitality-4,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5178,no -605-LEI-5,605,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -605-speaker_number_trends-5,605,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1243,yes -605-vitality-5,605,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1243,yes -605-LEI-6,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -605-vitality-6,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +605-LEI-4,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5200,no +605-vitality-4,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5200,no +605-LEI-5,605,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +605-speaker_number_trends-5,605,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1252,yes +605-vitality-5,605,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1252,yes +605-LEI-6,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +605-vitality-6,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 605-LEI-7,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 605-vitality-7,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -605-LEI-8,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5358,no -605-vitality-8,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5358,no -605-LEI-9,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -605-vitality-9,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no -6065-location-1,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +605-LEI-8,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5381,no +605-vitality-8,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5381,no +605-LEI-9,605,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +605-vitality-9,605,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no +6065-location-1,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 6065-location-2,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""West from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba; into Saskatchewan and Alberta; groups as far west as British Columbia.""}",,,bib67,no -6065-location-3,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.5573, -98.6562]]}",,,bib5307,no -6065-location-4,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba. Most varieties of Saulteaux are spoken in southern Manitoba in the vicinity of Lake Winnipeg, including a large urban population in the city of Winnipeg, although there are speakers as far west as British Columbia.""}",,,bib5217,yes +6065-location-3,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[50.5573, -98.6562]]}",,,bib5330,no +6065-location-4,6065,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba. Most varieties of Saulteaux are spoken in southern Manitoba in the vicinity of Lake Winnipeg, including a large urban population in the city of Winnipeg, although there are speakers as far west as British Columbia.""}",,,bib5240,yes 6065-speaker_number-1,6065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Speaker number: ""Up to 10,000."" -Considered by this source to be an ""emergent language,"" but sometimes referred to as a dialect of Ojibwe.",bib2984,no +Considered by this source to be an ""emergent language,"" but sometimes referred to as a dialect of Ojibwe.",bib2998,no 6065-speakers-1,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Speaker number: ""Up to 10,000."" -Considered by this source to be an ""emergent language,"" but sometimes referred to as a dialect of Ojibwe.",bib2984,no +Considered by this source to be an ""emergent language,"" but sometimes referred to as a dialect of Ojibwe.",bib2998,no 6065-speaker_number-2,6065,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""Canada Census (2001) lists all Ojibwa varieties together as 30,505 population."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Poser (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1997). 10,000 (2002 W. Poser). Ethnic population: 60,000 (1997 SIL) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no 6065-speakers-2,6065,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""Canada Census (2001) lists all Ojibwa varieties together as 30,505 population."" Data for the number of native speakers comes from W. Poser (2002). Data for the ethnic population is from SIL (1997). 10,000 (2002 W. Poser). Ethnic population: 60,000 (1997 SIL) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -6065-speaker_number-3,6065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -6065-speakers-3,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,558"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -6065-speaker_number-4,6065,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"All Ojibwa varieties together are 20,470 as of the 2016 Canadian census.",bib1282,no -6065-speakers-4,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"All Ojibwa varieties together are 20,470 as of the 2016 Canadian census.",bib1282,no -6065-speaker_number-5,6065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5217,yes -6065-speakers-5,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5217,yes +6065-speaker_number-3,6065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +6065-speakers-3,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,558"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +6065-speaker_number-4,6065,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"All Ojibwa varieties together are 20,470 as of the 2016 Canadian census.",bib1291,no +6065-speakers-4,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"All Ojibwa varieties together are 20,470 as of the 2016 Canadian census.",bib1291,no +6065-speaker_number-5,6065,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5240,yes +6065-speakers-5,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5240,yes 6065-speaker_number-6,6065,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 6065-speakers-6,6065,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -6065-LEI-1,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -6065-vitality-1,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +6065-LEI-1,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +6065-vitality-1,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 6065-LEI-2,6065,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6065-vitality-2,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6065-LEI-3,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6065-vitality-3,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6065-LEI-4,6065,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1282,no -6065-vitality-4,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1282,no -6065-LEI-5,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6065-vitality-5,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +6065-LEI-3,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6065-vitality-3,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6065-LEI-4,6065,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1291,no +6065-vitality-4,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1291,no +6065-LEI-5,6065,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6065-vitality-5,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 6065-LEI-6,6065,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6065-vitality-6,6065,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 6085-location-1,6085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1666666667, -108.0]]}",,,bib216,no 6085-location-2,6085,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Arizona, northwest New Mexico, southeast Utah; a few in Colorado.""}",,,bib68,no -6085-location-3,6085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8044, -108.475]]}",,,bib5307,no -6085-location-4,6085,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado""], ""Description"": ""The Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico, and Navajos living off-reservation.""}",,,bib5217,yes -6085-location-5,6085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8044, -108.475]]}",,,bib1709,no -6085-speaker_number-1,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib2984,no -6085-speakers-1,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib2984,no +6085-location-3,6085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8044, -108.475]]}",,,bib5330,no +6085-location-4,6085,location,"{""Places"": [""Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado""], ""Description"": ""The Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico, and Navajos living off-reservation.""}",,,bib5240,yes +6085-location-5,6085,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.8044, -108.475]]}",,,bib1721,no +6085-speaker_number-1,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib2998,no +6085-speakers-1,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib2998,no 6085-speaker_number-2,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"7600 monolinguals. (169,000 [2016].)",bib68,no 6085-speakers-2,6085,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""266,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""171,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"7600 monolinguals. (169,000 [2016].)",bib68,no -6085-speaker_number-3,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -6085-speakers-3,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -6085-speaker_number-4,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"In 1990 an estimated 115,000 people living on the Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico had fluency in Navajo, about 75% of the reservation population, to which must be added a somewhat lower percentage of the 12,000 to 15,000 Navajos living off-reservation. A conservative estimate of the total number of fluent speakers in 1990 would be about 120,000. In 2001, although the population has increased, the number of speakers is probably smaller.",bib5217,yes -6085-speakers-4,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"In 1990 an estimated 115,000 people living on the Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico had fluency in Navajo, about 75% of the reservation population, to which must be added a somewhat lower percentage of the 12,000 to 15,000 Navajos living off-reservation. A conservative estimate of the total number of fluent speakers in 1990 would be about 120,000. In 2001, although the population has increased, the number of speakers is probably smaller.",bib5217,yes +6085-speaker_number-3,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +6085-speakers-3,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +6085-speaker_number-4,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"In 1990 an estimated 115,000 people living on the Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico had fluency in Navajo, about 75% of the reservation population, to which must be added a somewhat lower percentage of the 12,000 to 15,000 Navajos living off-reservation. A conservative estimate of the total number of fluent speakers in 1990 would be about 120,000. In 2001, although the population has increased, the number of speakers is probably smaller.",bib5240,yes +6085-speakers-4,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""120,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"In 1990 an estimated 115,000 people living on the Navajo Nation in northern Arizona and northeastern New Mexico had fluency in Navajo, about 75% of the reservation population, to which must be added a somewhat lower percentage of the 12,000 to 15,000 Navajos living off-reservation. A conservative estimate of the total number of fluent speakers in 1990 would be about 120,000. In 2001, although the population has increased, the number of speakers is probably smaller.",bib5240,yes 6085-speaker_number-5,6085,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 6085-speakers-5,6085,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""148,530"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -6085-LEI-1,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -6085-vitality-1,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +6085-LEI-1,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +6085-vitality-1,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 6085-LEI-2,6085,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous in some families. L1 speakers among first graders are 30%% versus 90%% in 1968 (1998). Immersion program in several schools; formally taught at several universities (Golla 2007). Wide range of functions.,bib68,no 6085-transmission-2,6085,transmission,1,transmission-1,Vigorous in some families. L1 speakers among first graders are 30%% versus 90%% in 1968 (1998). Immersion program in several schools; formally taught at several universities (Golla 2007). Wide range of functions.,bib68,no 6085-vitality-2,6085,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Vigorous in some families. L1 speakers among first graders are 30%% versus 90%% in 1968 (1998). Immersion program in several schools; formally taught at several universities (Golla 2007). Wide range of functions.,bib68,no -6085-LEI-3,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6085-vitality-3,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6085-LEI-4,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6085-vitality-4,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +6085-LEI-3,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6085-vitality-3,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6085-LEI-4,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6085-vitality-4,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 6085-LEI-5,6085,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6085-vitality-5,6085,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -61-context-1,61,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Ndonga""}",,"In the opinion of the Dhimba-speakers, Dhimba constitutes a Herero dialect... Dhimba-speakers are often trilingual, i.e. fluent in Herero and Ndonga... Dhimba remains a strong means of ethnic identification... The modernization of the graphic system of Dhimba by religious societies in the seventies, according to Ndonga convention, separated the Dhimba writing system from its Herero counterpart to some extent. For example, Dhimba-speakers insist on writing 'Zimba', their ethnic name, in Herero fashion rather than in Ndonga, i.e. 'Dhimba'.",bib5638,no -61-context-2,61,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Ndonga""}",,A high proportion of Dhimbas in all sample groups [do not] understand Herero or Ndonga (minimum 75%% intelligibility),bib4409,yes -61-location-1,61,location,"{""Places"": [""northeastern Namibia"", ""southeastern Angola""], ""Description"": ""Los territorios himba actuales viven repartidas entre territorio namibio y territorio angole\u00f1o. Los himba de Namibia se encuentran al Noroeste del pa\u00eds, en una zona denominada Kaokoland, entre los paralelos 17\u00b0 y 18\u00b0 y los meridianos 12\u00b0 a 14\u00b0\u2026 Los himba se encuentran en la mitad m\u00e1s septentrional del Kaokoland, al Norte de Ohopoho, ocupando s\u00f3lo unos 20.000 km2. Los himba que viven en la rivera Norte del Kunene, en el Suroeste de Angola por debajo del paralelo 16\u00b0, se encuentran en los lugares de pastos menos inh\u00f3spitos entre los r\u00edos Curoca y Kunene, entre los meridianos 12\u00b0 y 15\u00b0, ocupando una franja de unos 200 km\u2026 Entre Iona y Curoca se puede calcular una superficie total aproximada de algo m\u00e1s de 10.000 km2.""}",,,bib2929,no -61-location-2,61,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Dhimba speakers... reside in the north-western comer of Owamboland, especially in Otjovanatjie and Etoto and partly in the north-eastern comer of Kaokoland (Ehombo) but also in scaterred communities in urban quarters of Opuwo, Okangwati and Ondangwa.""}",,,bib5638,no -61-location-3,61,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Angola""], ""Description"": ""In Namibia the Dhimba people live in the Opuwo District of the Kunene Region and in the northwestern corner of the Omusati Region. The Kunene Region comprises what is often still called 'Kaokoland.'"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.05657, 13.840657], [-17.623922, 14.377762]]}",,,bib4409,yes -61-location-4,61,location,"{""Places"": [""The border area of Angola and Namibia.""], ""Description"": ""The present abode of the Himba covers an extensive area of some 30 000 sq. kilometers in [former] South West Afrca [currently Namibia] and Angola jointly. It stretches for 200 km westwards from Ruacana Falls to just below the escarpment, where it is bounded by the arid semi-desert regions of the Namib. The greater part of the Himba territory falls within the borders of South West Africa [currently Namibia], being about 20 000 sq. km in extent. It is roughly bounded by the Hoarusib River in the south, Owambo in the east, the Namib to the west, with the Kunene River as its northern boundary... Almost 7 000 Himba are living here, with probably only half that figure in the adjacent parts of Angola - an average population density therefore of close to one per three sq. km.""}",,,bib4868,no -61-speaker_number-1,61,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Aproximadamente entre 5.000 y 7.000 himba habitan en el Norte del Kaokoland y entre 2.000 y 3.000 en el Suroeste de Angola. El número total de la población himba alcanza actualmente entre 7.000 y 10.000 individuos.,bib2929,no -61-speakers-1,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000 - 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Aproximadamente entre 5.000 y 7.000 himba habitan en el Norte del Kaokoland y entre 2.000 y 3.000 en el Suroeste de Angola. El número total de la población himba alcanza actualmente entre 7.000 y 10.000 individuos.,bib2929,no -61-speakers-2,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000""}",,,bib5638,no -61-speaker_number-3,61,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,000 in northern Namibia; 18,000–23,000 in southwestern Angola.",bib4409,yes -61-speakers-3,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000\u201335,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,000 in northern Namibia; 18,000–23,000 in southwestern Angola.",bib4409,yes -61-LEI-1,61,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2929,no -61-vitality-1,61,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2929,no +61-context-1,61,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Ndonga""}",,"In the opinion of the Dhimba-speakers, Dhimba constitutes a Herero dialect... Dhimba-speakers are often trilingual, i.e. fluent in Herero and Ndonga... Dhimba remains a strong means of ethnic identification... The modernization of the graphic system of Dhimba by religious societies in the seventies, according to Ndonga convention, separated the Dhimba writing system from its Herero counterpart to some extent. For example, Dhimba-speakers insist on writing 'Zimba', their ethnic name, in Herero fashion rather than in Ndonga, i.e. 'Dhimba'.",bib5662,no +61-context-2,61,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Herero, Ndonga""}",,A high proportion of Dhimbas in all sample groups [do not] understand Herero or Ndonga (minimum 75%% intelligibility),bib4430,yes +61-location-1,61,location,"{""Places"": [""northeastern Namibia"", ""southeastern Angola""], ""Description"": ""Los territorios himba actuales viven repartidas entre territorio namibio y territorio angole\u00f1o. Los himba de Namibia se encuentran al Noroeste del pa\u00eds, en una zona denominada Kaokoland, entre los paralelos 17\u00b0 y 18\u00b0 y los meridianos 12\u00b0 a 14\u00b0\u2026 Los himba se encuentran en la mitad m\u00e1s septentrional del Kaokoland, al Norte de Ohopoho, ocupando s\u00f3lo unos 20.000 km2. Los himba que viven en la rivera Norte del Kunene, en el Suroeste de Angola por debajo del paralelo 16\u00b0, se encuentran en los lugares de pastos menos inh\u00f3spitos entre los r\u00edos Curoca y Kunene, entre los meridianos 12\u00b0 y 15\u00b0, ocupando una franja de unos 200 km\u2026 Entre Iona y Curoca se puede calcular una superficie total aproximada de algo m\u00e1s de 10.000 km2.""}",,,bib2943,no +61-location-2,61,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Dhimba speakers... reside in the north-western comer of Owamboland, especially in Otjovanatjie and Etoto and partly in the north-eastern comer of Kaokoland (Ehombo) but also in scaterred communities in urban quarters of Opuwo, Okangwati and Ondangwa.""}",,,bib5662,no +61-location-3,61,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Angola""], ""Description"": ""In Namibia the Dhimba people live in the Opuwo District of the Kunene Region and in the northwestern corner of the Omusati Region. The Kunene Region comprises what is often still called 'Kaokoland.'"", ""Coordinates"": [[-18.05657, 13.840657], [-17.623922, 14.377762]]}",,,bib4430,yes +61-location-4,61,location,"{""Places"": [""The border area of Angola and Namibia.""], ""Description"": ""The present abode of the Himba covers an extensive area of some 30 000 sq. kilometers in [former] South West Afrca [currently Namibia] and Angola jointly. It stretches for 200 km westwards from Ruacana Falls to just below the escarpment, where it is bounded by the arid semi-desert regions of the Namib. The greater part of the Himba territory falls within the borders of South West Africa [currently Namibia], being about 20 000 sq. km in extent. It is roughly bounded by the Hoarusib River in the south, Owambo in the east, the Namib to the west, with the Kunene River as its northern boundary... Almost 7 000 Himba are living here, with probably only half that figure in the adjacent parts of Angola - an average population density therefore of close to one per three sq. km.""}",,,bib4890,no +61-speaker_number-1,61,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Aproximadamente entre 5.000 y 7.000 himba habitan en el Norte del Kaokoland y entre 2.000 y 3.000 en el Suroeste de Angola. El número total de la población himba alcanza actualmente entre 7.000 y 10.000 individuos.,bib2943,no +61-speakers-1,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000 - 10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Aproximadamente entre 5.000 y 7.000 himba habitan en el Norte del Kaokoland y entre 2.000 y 3.000 en el Suroeste de Angola. El número total de la población himba alcanza actualmente entre 7.000 y 10.000 individuos.,bib2943,no +61-speakers-2,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~24,000""}",,,bib5662,no +61-speaker_number-3,61,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,000 in northern Namibia; 18,000–23,000 in southwestern Angola.",bib4430,yes +61-speakers-3,61,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000\u201335,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,000 in northern Namibia; 18,000–23,000 in southwestern Angola.",bib4430,yes +61-LEI-1,61,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2943,no +61-vitality-1,61,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2943,no 61-LEI-2,61,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Results indicate a high confidence that Dhimbas primarily marry other Dhimbas and continue to speak their language. The tendency also holds true for the languages the respondents spoke with their children... Dhimbas primarily continue to speak -Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4409,yes +Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4430,yes 61-transmission-2,61,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Results indicate a high confidence that Dhimbas primarily marry other Dhimbas and continue to speak their language. The tendency also holds true for the languages the respondents spoke with their children... Dhimbas primarily continue to speak -Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4409,yes +Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4430,yes 61-vitality-2,61,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Results indicate a high confidence that Dhimbas primarily marry other Dhimbas and continue to speak their language. The tendency also holds true for the languages the respondents spoke with their children... Dhimbas primarily continue to speak -Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4409,yes -6105-context-1,6105,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religion"", ""education"", ""trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde; Arabic; Vute; Mambila; French; English; Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Although they have not shifted directly to speaking Fulfulde, bilingualism in Fulfulde has increased and its influence on Wawa is notable... The Wawa people are multilingual, with most Wawa people speaking at least Wawa and Fulfulde (the region’s lingua franca) and often other local languages like Vute or Mambila as well. Those who have gone to school also know French. Those who have gone to the secondary school in Banyo may even know English. Hausa serves as a trade language in the area and therefore those Wawa who live and work in town will also have either passive or active proficiency in Hausa. ",bib6324,yes -6105-context-2,6105,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulani;""}",,,bib7615,no -6105-location-1,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.712346, 11.591156]]}",,,bib1785,no -6105-location-2,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[The Wawa are] autochthonous to the Adamawa Plateau region of Cameroon, a country regarded as both Central African and West African in the literature. The Wawa live in thirteen villages around a town called Banyo, as well as in Banyo itself. The central village of the northern cluster is called Oumyari, and Wawa villages are found on the border with Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.748828, 11.808929]]}",,,bib6324,yes -6105-location-3,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Mainly west of Banyo in Cameroon with a possible extension into the neighbouring region of Nigeria.""}",,,bib7615,no +Dhimba with their children. The continued vitality of Dhimba is significantly demonstrated through the frequency of Dhimba that is spoken in Dhimba families.",bib4430,yes +6105-context-1,6105,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religion"", ""education"", ""trade""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde; Arabic; Vute; Mambila; French; English; Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Although they have not shifted directly to speaking Fulfulde, bilingualism in Fulfulde has increased and its influence on Wawa is notable... The Wawa people are multilingual, with most Wawa people speaking at least Wawa and Fulfulde (the region’s lingua franca) and often other local languages like Vute or Mambila as well. Those who have gone to school also know French. Those who have gone to the secondary school in Banyo may even know English. Hausa serves as a trade language in the area and therefore those Wawa who live and work in town will also have either passive or active proficiency in Hausa. ",bib6348,yes +6105-context-2,6105,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulani;""}",,,bib7640,no +6105-location-1,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Coordinates"": [[6.712346, 11.591156]]}",,,bib1797,no +6105-location-2,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon"", ""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""[The Wawa are] autochthonous to the Adamawa Plateau region of Cameroon, a country regarded as both Central African and West African in the literature. The Wawa live in thirteen villages around a town called Banyo, as well as in Banyo itself. The central village of the northern cluster is called Oumyari, and Wawa villages are found on the border with Nigeria"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.748828, 11.808929]]}",,,bib6348,yes +6105-location-3,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Mainly west of Banyo in Cameroon with a possible extension into the neighbouring region of Nigeria.""}",,,bib7640,no 6105-location-4,6105,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Adamawa Province, Mayo-Banyo Division, Bankim Subdivision, west of Banyo, 13 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -6105-speaker_number-1,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1785,no -6105-speakers-1,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1785,no -6105-speaker_number-2,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are probably around 2,500 speakers of Wawa (the speaking population has elsewhere been estimated at 3,000 [Lewis 2009]).",bib6324,yes -6105-speakers-2,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are probably around 2,500 speakers of Wawa (the speaking population has elsewhere been estimated at 3,000 [Lewis 2009]).",bib6324,yes -6105-speaker_number-3,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,no -6105-speakers-3,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,no +6105-speaker_number-1,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1797,no +6105-speakers-1,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1797,no +6105-speaker_number-2,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are probably around 2,500 speakers of Wawa (the speaking population has elsewhere been estimated at 3,000 [Lewis 2009]).",bib6348,yes +6105-speakers-2,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are probably around 2,500 speakers of Wawa (the speaking population has elsewhere been estimated at 3,000 [Lewis 2009]).",bib6348,yes +6105-speaker_number-3,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,no +6105-speakers-3,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,no 6105-speaker_number-4,6105,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number data from SIL(1991).,bib67,no 6105-speakers-4,6105,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number data from SIL(1991).,bib67,no -6105-LEI-1,6105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1785,no -6105-vitality-1,6105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1785,no -6105-LEI-2,6105,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6324,yes -6105-transmission-2,6105,transmission,1,transmission-1,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6324,yes -6105-domains_of_use-2,6105,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6324,yes -6105-vitality-2,6105,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6324,yes -6105-LEI-3,6105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,no -6105-vitality-3,6105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,no +6105-LEI-1,6105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1797,no +6105-vitality-1,6105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"The language ""fulfills all the daily needs of its speakers at the village level.""",bib1797,no +6105-LEI-2,6105,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6348,yes +6105-transmission-2,6105,transmission,1,transmission-1,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6348,yes +6105-domains_of_use-2,6105,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6348,yes +6105-vitality-2,6105,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"At present, the Wawa are maintaining their language to a large degree. The language is still being transmitted to children, and is spoken on a daily basis and in all contexts except the religious (the Wawa are all Muslim and thus use Arabic in the religious domain). Wawa is an unwritten language and all children are taught to read the Koran. Moreover, cultural changes largely involving assimilation to a Muslim Fulbe way of life mean that Fulfulde can be seen as a potential linguistic threat.",bib6348,yes +6105-LEI-3,6105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,no +6105-vitality-3,6105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,no 6105-LEI-4,6105,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6105-vitality-4,6105,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6106-speaker_number-1,6106,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7615,yes -6106-speakers-1,6106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7615,yes -6106-LEI-1,6106,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -6106-vitality-1,6106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +6106-speaker_number-1,6106,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7640,yes +6106-speakers-1,6106,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7640,yes +6106-LEI-1,6106,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +6106-vitality-1,6106,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 6107-context-2,6107,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun, Hausa, Cameroon Pidgin English, Kuteb, Takum"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"[In Nigeria] Trade language. Also use Jukun [jbu], Kuteb [kub], or Hausa [hau]. [In Cameroon] Most also use Jukun Takum [dyu] or Cameroon Pidgin [wes].",bib67,no -6107-location-1,6107,location,"{""Description"": ""The territory occupied by the Yukuben in the Wukari division of Benue-Plateau state is well defined by the two rivers: the Katsina Ala, for the southern boundary, and the Gamana, for the northern boundary. It is defined to the east by the border with Cameroun, to the west by the boundary with Katsina Ala division. Some Yukubens are said to be at Tosso in the North-Eastern state, and some Yukuben settlements may be found beyond the Camerounian border.\"" Yukuben tribes are found in the following settlements: \""(1) Acha. On the R. [river] Gamana, opposite to Fikyu. Yukuben (Majority), Kutep. (2) Kpam\u0300bo\u0300 Buri\u0300 (Pambo). 8 miles from Acha. Yukuben, Kutep (Majority). (3) Mada\u0300a\u0300ki. On the R. Gamana, 4 miles from Kpambo Puri. Yukuben (Majority), Kutep. (4) Yamusa or Sabon gida Yukuben... 2 miles from Kpambo Puri... (5) Nu\u0301kun (Niskun). 7 miles from Kpambo Puri. Yukuben (Majority). (6) Kunga. 12 miles from Nukun. Yukuben. (7) Lu\u0301tu. 6 miles from Yamusa. Ykuben. (8) Shibu\u0301n (Shebon). 9 miles from Lu\u0301tu. Yukuben. (9) Ngadi. 10 miles from Kunga. Yukuben, Chamba. (10) Ga\u0300lumje. Near Kashimbila (Kasimbila), Yukuben, Chamba. (11) Bete. Yukuben, Chamba. (12) Lufu. Yukuben, Chamba (Majority). (13) Kapia (Kapya). Yukuben (Majority), Chamba, Kutep... (14) Fe\u0301te\u0301 near Sufa. (15) Nyayirim near Acha. (16) Ma\u0301a\u0301mo\u0301n. Before Pambo Puri. (17) Achiro. Near Pambo Puri. (18) Mba\u030cdzu\u0300. After Pambo Puri. (19) Ga\u0300ta\u0300ti ~Gadati. After Pambo Puri. (20) Kihu\u0301ru\u0301 ~Ihu\u0301ru\u0301. Near Gadati. (21) Bo\u0300lo\u0300ng. Ta Gatati. (22) Lukpo. Near Bolong. (23) Igba\u1dc8. Near Bolong. (24) Lanke\u0300. After Igba\u1dc8. (25) Liji. Ta kunga. (26) Lissa...""}",,,bib6793,no -6107-location-2,6107,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Yamusa, or Sabon Giba Yukuben"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.866439, 9.866881]]}",,,bib7838,no -6107-location-3,6107,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Nigeria as well as on the other side of the border in western Cameroon.""}",,,bib7615,yes +6107-location-1,6107,location,"{""Description"": ""The territory occupied by the Yukuben in the Wukari division of Benue-Plateau state is well defined by the two rivers: the Katsina Ala, for the southern boundary, and the Gamana, for the northern boundary. It is defined to the east by the border with Cameroun, to the west by the boundary with Katsina Ala division. Some Yukubens are said to be at Tosso in the North-Eastern state, and some Yukuben settlements may be found beyond the Camerounian border.\"" Yukuben tribes are found in the following settlements: \""(1) Acha. On the R. [river] Gamana, opposite to Fikyu. Yukuben (Majority), Kutep. (2) Kpam\u0300bo\u0300 Buri\u0300 (Pambo). 8 miles from Acha. Yukuben, Kutep (Majority). (3) Mada\u0300a\u0300ki. On the R. Gamana, 4 miles from Kpambo Puri. Yukuben (Majority), Kutep. (4) Yamusa or Sabon gida Yukuben... 2 miles from Kpambo Puri... (5) Nu\u0301kun (Niskun). 7 miles from Kpambo Puri. Yukuben (Majority). (6) Kunga. 12 miles from Nukun. Yukuben. (7) Lu\u0301tu. 6 miles from Yamusa. Ykuben. (8) Shibu\u0301n (Shebon). 9 miles from Lu\u0301tu. Yukuben. (9) Ngadi. 10 miles from Kunga. Yukuben, Chamba. (10) Ga\u0300lumje. Near Kashimbila (Kasimbila), Yukuben, Chamba. (11) Bete. Yukuben, Chamba. (12) Lufu. Yukuben, Chamba (Majority). (13) Kapia (Kapya). Yukuben (Majority), Chamba, Kutep... (14) Fe\u0301te\u0301 near Sufa. (15) Nyayirim near Acha. (16) Ma\u0301a\u0301mo\u0301n. Before Pambo Puri. (17) Achiro. Near Pambo Puri. (18) Mba\u030cdzu\u0300. After Pambo Puri. (19) Ga\u0300ta\u0300ti ~Gadati. After Pambo Puri. (20) Kihu\u0301ru\u0301 ~Ihu\u0301ru\u0301. Near Gadati. (21) Bo\u0300lo\u0300ng. Ta Gatati. (22) Lukpo. Near Bolong. (23) Igba\u1dc8. Near Bolong. (24) Lanke\u0300. After Igba\u1dc8. (25) Liji. Ta kunga. (26) Lissa...""}",,,bib6817,no +6107-location-2,6107,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Yamusa, or Sabon Giba Yukuben"", ""Coordinates"": [[6.866439, 9.866881]]}",,,bib7863,no +6107-location-3,6107,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Nigeria as well as on the other side of the border in western Cameroon.""}",,,bib7640,yes 6107-location-4,6107,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria"", ""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Taraba state, Takum LGA, between Katsina Ala and Gamana rivers. About 20 villages [in Nigeria]. North West Province, Menchum Division, west of Furu-Awa, near Nigeria border [in Cameroon]."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.852805, 9.892777], [6.936651, 10.056507]]}",,,bib67,no -6107-speaker_number-1,6107,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7615,yes -6107-speakers-1,6107,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<16,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7615,yes +6107-speaker_number-1,6107,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7640,yes +6107-speakers-1,6107,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<16,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7640,yes 6107-speaker_number-2,6107,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,000 in Nigeria (1992).",bib67,no 6107-speakers-2,6107,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,950"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,000 in Nigeria (1992).",bib67,no -6107-LEI-1,6107,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7615,yes -6107-vitality-1,6107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7615,yes +6107-LEI-1,6107,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7640,yes +6107-vitality-1,6107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7640,yes 6107-LEI-2,6107,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6107-vitality-2,6107,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6108-context-1,6108,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Khufi is just a dialect and is not needed.’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7326,yes -6108-location-1,6108,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Khufi is spoken in the villages of \nPastkhuf and Khuf (which is divided into upper and lower villages) in the Khuf valley."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.8595, 71.603726]]}",,,bib7326,yes +6108-context-1,6108,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tajik for official situations, workplace, religious services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tajik, Russian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many have at least limited proficiency in Tajik; fewer have any proficiency in Russian""}",,"Tajik is used in official situations, such as in public gatherings or meetings... Russian is used at work and in official situations by a small minority of respondents, such as medical staff and teachers of the Russian language... Several respondents expressed negative attitudes when asked directly about their attitudes to the vernacular... One respondent told us, ‘Khufi is just a dialect and is not needed.’... Every respondent considered the vernacular to be important or very important for communication and all but one respondent considered the vernacular important or very important for being a good member of one’s family... Thus, while answers to direct questions on the value of the vernacular resulted in negative opinions, questions using the perceived benefit model or other questions revealed that at an underlying level, respondents consider their language to be important and value its maintenance among the younger generation.",bib7350,yes +6108-location-1,6108,location,"{""Places"": [""Tajikistan""], ""Description"": ""Khufi is spoken in the villages of \nPastkhuf and Khuf (which is divided into upper and lower villages) in the Khuf valley."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.8595, 71.603726]]}",,,bib7350,yes 6108-location-2,6108,location,"{""Places"": [""38.414862, 73.668823""], ""Description"": ""The Khufis live in the Khufi valley (the Khufi qishlaq) in the Pamir mountains and in Paskhufi (in translation: Lower Khufi) on the banks of Pyandzh (i.e. on the upper reaches of the River Amu Darya).""}",,,bib213,no -6108-speaker_number-1,6108,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7326,yes -6108-speakers-1,6108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7326,yes +6108-speaker_number-1,6108,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7350,yes +6108-speakers-1,6108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2,380"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker count is for Tajikistan only.,bib7350,yes 6108-speakers-2,6108,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Unknown"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1939""}",,"1,000 Khufis were registered in 1939 but at present their number is not known.",bib213,no -6108-LEI-1,6108,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -6108-transmission-1,6108,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -6108-domains_of_use-1,6108,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -6108-speaker_number_trends-1,6108,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -6108-vitality-1,6108,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7326,yes -6146-context-1,6146,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1519,yes -6146-location-1,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0269, -118.7213]]}",,,bib1709,no -6146-location-2,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne\"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Choynimni (\""Choinumne\"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. At least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including Yawelmani (\""Yowlumne\"") on the Tule River Reservation, Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.""}",,,bib1519,yes -6146-location-3,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,"Tule-Kaweah, a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5217,no -6146-speaker_number-1,6146,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Fewer than ten speakers of the Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup remain, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Half a dozen elderly speakers or partial speakers of the Choynimni (""Choinumne"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. There are speakers of at least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including up to twenty-five fluent and semifluent speakers of Yawelmani (""Yowlumne"") on the Tule River Reservation, a few speakers of Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and a few speakers of Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.",bib1519,yes -6146-speakers-1,6146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45 speakers and semispeakers?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Fewer than ten speakers of the Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup remain, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Half a dozen elderly speakers or partial speakers of the Choynimni (""Choinumne"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. There are speakers of at least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including up to twenty-five fluent and semifluent speakers of Yawelmani (""Yowlumne"") on the Tule River Reservation, a few speakers of Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and a few speakers of Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.",bib1519,yes -6146-speaker_number-2,6146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Yokuts is a large complex of dialects, in the San Joaquin Valley of south-central California and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the east. There were over 40 local varieties, with 6 emergent languages. Tule-Kaweah Yokiuts is a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5217,no -6146-speakers-2,6146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Yokuts is a large complex of dialects, in the San Joaquin Valley of south-central California and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the east. There were over 40 local varieties, with 6 emergent languages. Tule-Kaweah Yokiuts is a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5217,no -6146-LEI-1,6146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1519,yes -6146-transmission-1,6146,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1519,yes -6146-speaker_number_trends-1,6146,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1519,yes -6146-vitality-1,6146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1519,yes -6146-LEI-2,6146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -6146-transmission-2,6146,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -6146-speaker_number_trends-2,6146,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -6146-vitality-2,6146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no -6149-context-1,6149,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Mexican group [of Western Jacalteco] is bilingual in Spanish.,bib3073,no +6108-LEI-1,6108,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +6108-transmission-1,6108,transmission,0,transmission-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +6108-domains_of_use-1,6108,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +6108-speaker_number_trends-1,6108,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +6108-vitality-1,6108,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Use of the vernacular is strong and exclusive in certain domains in all locations. First, the vernacular is universally used as the main language in the home. It is always the first language learned by children and is, generally, the language of greatest fluency for all. The vernacular is always the language used for unofficial situations, that is, in normal everyday personal contact not associated with any public occasion or regulatory authority... use of the vernacular is at least stable in the community, and perhaps increasing. ",bib7350,yes +6146-context-1,6146,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1531,yes +6146-location-1,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.0269, -118.7213]]}",,,bib1721,no +6146-location-2,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne\"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Choynimni (\""Choinumne\"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. At least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including Yawelmani (\""Yowlumne\"") on the Tule River Reservation, Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.""}",,,bib1531,yes +6146-location-3,6146,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,"Tule-Kaweah, a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5240,no +6146-speaker_number-1,6146,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Fewer than ten speakers of the Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup remain, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Half a dozen elderly speakers or partial speakers of the Choynimni (""Choinumne"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. There are speakers of at least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including up to twenty-five fluent and semifluent speakers of Yawelmani (""Yowlumne"") on the Tule River Reservation, a few speakers of Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and a few speakers of Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.",bib1531,yes +6146-speakers-1,6146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45 speakers and semispeakers?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The Poso Creek, Buena Vista, and Gashowu subgroups have been extinct since the 1930s. Fewer than ten speakers of the Wikchamni (locally referred to as ''Wukchumne"") dialect of the Tule-Kaweah subgroup remain, most of them living on the Tule River Reservation near Porterville. Half a dozen elderly speakers or partial speakers of the Choynimni (""Choinumne"") dialect of the Kings River subgroup live in scattered locations in and around their traditional homeland. There are speakers of at least three Valley Yokuts dialects, including up to twenty-five fluent and semifluent speakers of Yawelmani (""Yowlumne"") on the Tule River Reservation, a few speakers of Chukchansi at the Picayune and Table Mountain Rancherias in the foothills northeast of Fresno, and a few speakers of Tachi at the Santa Rosa Rancheria near Lemoore.",bib1531,yes +6146-speaker_number-2,6146,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Yokuts is a large complex of dialects, in the San Joaquin Valley of south-central California and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the east. There were over 40 local varieties, with 6 emergent languages. Tule-Kaweah Yokiuts is a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5240,no +6146-speakers-2,6146,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Yokuts is a large complex of dialects, in the San Joaquin Valley of south-central California and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the east. There were over 40 local varieties, with 6 emergent languages. Tule-Kaweah Yokiuts is a cluster of dialects originally spoken in the Sierra Nevada foothills along the Tule and Kaweah Rivers, east of Porterville. Fewer than 10 speakers of the Wukchumne (Wikchamni) dialect of Tule-Kaweah remain, most of them on the Tule River Reservation.",bib5240,no +6146-LEI-1,6146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1531,yes +6146-transmission-1,6146,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1531,yes +6146-speaker_number_trends-1,6146,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1531,yes +6146-vitality-1,6146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1531,yes +6146-LEI-2,6146,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +6146-transmission-2,6146,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +6146-speaker_number_trends-2,6146,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +6146-vitality-2,6146,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no +6149-context-1,6149,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,Mexican group [of Western Jacalteco] is bilingual in Spanish.,bib3087,no 6149-location-1,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,"Huehuetenango Department near Mexico border, Concepción Huista and Jakaltenango areas.",bib67,no -6149-location-2,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Jacalteco: Guatemala, Huehuetenango dept. near Mexico border, Concepci\u00f3n Huista.\n\nWestern Jacalteco: Guatemala: Huehuetenango dept., around Jacaltenango. Mexico: Concepci\u00f3n Saravia near municipality Comalpa de la Frontera, and Amatenango de la Frontera, Chiapas.""}",,,bib3073,no -6149-location-3,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""15.6685, -91.7111"", ""16.3137, -93.2084""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.6685, -91.7111], [16.3137, -93.2084]]}",,,bib5307,no -6149-location-4,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""341 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +6149-location-2,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Eastern Jacalteco: Guatemala, Huehuetenango dept. near Mexico border, Concepci\u00f3n Huista.\n\nWestern Jacalteco: Guatemala: Huehuetenango dept., around Jacaltenango. Mexico: Concepci\u00f3n Saravia near municipality Comalpa de la Frontera, and Amatenango de la Frontera, Chiapas.""}",,,bib3087,no +6149-location-3,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""15.6685, -91.7111"", ""16.3137, -93.2084""], ""Coordinates"": [[15.6685, -91.7111], [16.3137, -93.2084]]}",,,bib5330,no +6149-location-4,6149,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""341 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 6149-location-5,6149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.66, -91.66]]}",,,bib75,no 6149-speaker_number-1,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Jakalteko languages (Eastern Jakalteko [jac] and Western Jakalteko [jai]) where others have only 1. @@ -58772,33 +58976,33 @@ Western Jakalteko 77,700 in Guatemala (1998), all countries: 88,000. 9,000 in Guatemala (1990 SIL). Population total all countries: 9,500 (2013).",bib67,no 6149-speaker_number-2,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,000 Eastern Jacalteco; 88,000 Western Jacalteco (77,700 in Guatemala, 10,300 in Mexico). -Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3073,no +Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3087,no 6149-speakers-2,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,000 Eastern Jacalteco; 88,000 Western Jacalteco (77,700 in Guatemala, 10,300 in Mexico). -Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3073,no +Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3087,no 6149-speakers-3,6149,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""47,024"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"24,318 women; 22,706 men. 2002 census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -6149-speaker_number-4,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -6149-speakers-4,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no -6149-speaker_number-5,6149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:31),bib1547,no -6149-speakers-5,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""504 (Mexico only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:31),bib1547,no -6149-speaker_number-6,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"38,350 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -6149-speakers-6,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"38,350 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +6149-speaker_number-4,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +6149-speakers-4,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no +6149-speaker_number-5,6149,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:31),bib1559,no +6149-speakers-5,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""504 (Mexico only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:31),bib1559,no +6149-speaker_number-6,6149,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"38,350 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +6149-speakers-6,6149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"38,350 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 6149-LEI-1,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6149-vitality-1,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6149-LEI-2,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3073,no -6149-vitality-2,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3073,no -6149-LEI-3,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -6149-vitality-3,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -6149-LEI-4,6149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,no -6149-vitality-4,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,no -6149-LEI-5,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -6149-vitality-5,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +6149-LEI-2,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3087,no +6149-vitality-2,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3087,no +6149-LEI-3,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +6149-vitality-3,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +6149-LEI-4,6149,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,no +6149-vitality-4,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,no +6149-LEI-5,6149,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +6149-vitality-5,6149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 6150-context-1,6150,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib68,no 6150-location-1,6150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.394068, -99.66568]]}",,,bib133,no 6150-location-2,6150,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""San Francisco de los Ranchos""}",,,bib67,no -6150-location-3,6150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.865303, -62.252819]]}",,,bib7945,no +6150-location-3,6150,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.865303, -62.252819]]}",,,bib7970,no 6150-location-4,6150,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Locations of the two varieties: San Francisco Matlatzinca: 19.36, -100.06; Atzingo Matlatzinca: 19.39, -99.92"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.39, -99.92], [19.36, -100.06]]}",,,bib75,no 6150-location-5,6150,location,"{""Places"": [""State of Mexico. San Francisco de los Ranchos""]}",,,bib68,no -6150-location-6,6150,location,"{""Places"": [""M\u00e9xico""], ""Description"": ""ESTADO DE M\u00c9XICO: Temascaltepec: San Francisco Oxtotilpan.""}",,,bib8212,no +6150-location-6,6150,location,"{""Places"": [""M\u00e9xico""], ""Description"": ""ESTADO DE M\u00c9XICO: Temascaltepec: San Francisco Oxtotilpan.""}",,,bib8237,no 6150-speakers-1,6150,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,167"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""nearly extinct"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib67,no 6150-speaker_number-2,6150,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib163,yes 6150-speakers-2,6150,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib163,yes @@ -58811,12 +59015,12 @@ Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3073,no 6150-vitality-2,6150,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,About half of the village is away at work in Mexico City and other places most of the time (2011 J. Williams). Speakers 40 years old and over.,bib68,no 6169-location-1,6169,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.3333333333, -95.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 6169-location-2,6169,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""In and around the town of Soteapan in the Sierra de Los Tuxtlas in southern Veracruz, Mexico.""}",,,bib67,no -6169-speaker_number-1,6169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:53),bib1547,yes -6169-speakers-1,6169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,017"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:53),bib1547,yes +6169-speaker_number-1,6169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:53),bib1559,yes +6169-speakers-1,6169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,017"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez et al. 2012:53),bib1559,yes 6169-speaker_number-2,6169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 6169-speakers-2,6169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -6169-LEI-1,6169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -6169-vitality-1,6169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +6169-LEI-1,6169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +6169-vitality-1,6169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 6169-LEI-2,6169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6169-vitality-2,6169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6189-location-1,6189,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Veracruz"", ""Coordinates"": [[20.786931, -98.097382]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -58827,8 +59031,8 @@ Easterna Jacalteco speakers are of all ages.",bib3073,no 6189-vitality-1,6189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 6193-location-1,6193,location,"{""Places"": [""17.16, -97.85"", ""17.15, -97.98"", ""17.24, -97.92""]}",,,bib75,no 6193-location-2,6193,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Chicahuaxtla Triqui: Oaxaca, Tlaxiaco District, San Jos\u00e9 Xochistl\u00e1n; Putla District, Santo Domingo del Estado. \nCopala Triqui: Oaxaca, Juxtlahuaca, San Juan Copala. Over 1,000 speakers: Sonora, including Miguel Alem\u00e1n (both settled and seasonal); Baja California, San Quint\u00edn valley (mostly settled); Coastal California, including Greenfield; Mexico City. Smaller colonies in most tourist centers of Mexico. Also in United States.\nSan Mart\u00edn Itunyoso Triqui: Oaxaca, Tlaxiaco.""}",,,bib67,no -6193-speaker_number-1,6193,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1547,yes -6193-speakers-1,6193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,883"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1547,yes +6193-speaker_number-1,6193,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1559,yes +6193-speakers-1,6193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,883"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1559,yes 6193-speaker_number-2,6193,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue has 3 Triqui languages: Triqui, Chicahuaxtla [trs]: 6,000 (1982). Triqui, Copala [trc]: 30,000. @@ -58839,32 +59043,32 @@ Triqui, Chicahuaxtla [trs]: 6,000 (1982). Triqui, Copala [trc]: 30,000. Triqui, San Martín Itunyoso [trq]: 2,000 (1983). INALI gives 4 ""variantes"" of Triqui.",bib67,no -6193-LEI-1,6193,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -6193-vitality-1,6193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +6193-LEI-1,6193,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +6193-vitality-1,6193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 6193-LEI-2,6193,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6193-vitality-2,6193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6195-location-1,6195,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.057656, -90.497983]]}",,,bib7945,no -6195-location-2,6195,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guazacap\u00e1n, Guatemala.""}",,,bib6344,yes -6195-speakers-1,6195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,"There are two (semi)speakers of Guazacapán and three remembers [sic]. One of these semispeakers is quite efficient at remembering vocabulary and small amounts of grammar (amazingly, since it has been approximately 40+ years since he would have spoken any of the language); he too learned this language as a second language. In effect, there are no viable, fully competent speakers of any of the [Xinkan] languages today.",bib6344,yes -6195-speakers-2,6195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib6347,no -6195-LEI-1,6195,LEI,Dormant (),,Two of the 4 Xinkan languages are extinct; the other 2 are very nearly so with only 1 or 2 semi-speakers each.,bib6344,yes -6195-vitality-1,6195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Two of the 4 Xinkan languages are extinct; the other 2 are very nearly so with only 1 or 2 semi-speakers each.,bib6344,yes -6195-LEI-2,6195,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6347,no -6195-vitality-2,6195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6347,no -6196-context-1,6196,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6344,yes -6196-location-1,6196,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Jumaytepeque, department of Santa Rosa."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.344, -90.256]]}",,,bib6344,yes -6196-speakers-1,6196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"""Jumaytepeque is also essentially gone; there is one very elderly...second-language speaker and one rememberer of the language who can recall a handful of vocabulary items."" (2010:3)",bib6344,yes -6196-LEI-1,6196,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6344,yes -6196-vitality-1,6196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6344,yes -6197-location-1,6197,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 2,474 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +6195-location-1,6195,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.057656, -90.497983]]}",,,bib7970,no +6195-location-2,6195,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guazacap\u00e1n, Guatemala.""}",,,bib6368,yes +6195-speakers-1,6195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2""}",,"There are two (semi)speakers of Guazacapán and three remembers [sic]. One of these semispeakers is quite efficient at remembering vocabulary and small amounts of grammar (amazingly, since it has been approximately 40+ years since he would have spoken any of the language); he too learned this language as a second language. In effect, there are no viable, fully competent speakers of any of the [Xinkan] languages today.",bib6368,yes +6195-speakers-2,6195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,,bib6371,no +6195-LEI-1,6195,LEI,Dormant (),,Two of the 4 Xinkan languages are extinct; the other 2 are very nearly so with only 1 or 2 semi-speakers each.,bib6368,yes +6195-vitality-1,6195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Two of the 4 Xinkan languages are extinct; the other 2 are very nearly so with only 1 or 2 semi-speakers each.,bib6368,yes +6195-LEI-2,6195,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6371,no +6195-vitality-2,6195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6371,no +6196-context-1,6196,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6368,yes +6196-location-1,6196,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Jumaytepeque, department of Santa Rosa."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.344, -90.256]]}",,,bib6368,yes +6196-speakers-1,6196,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1""}",,"""Jumaytepeque is also essentially gone; there is one very elderly...second-language speaker and one rememberer of the language who can recall a handful of vocabulary items."" (2010:3)",bib6368,yes +6196-LEI-1,6196,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6368,yes +6196-vitality-1,6196,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6368,yes +6197-location-1,6197,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 2,474 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 6197-location-2,6197,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.36, -90.58]]}",,,bib75,no -6197-location-3,6197,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz Verapaz, San Crist\u00f3bal Verapaz, Tactci, Tamah\u00fa, Tucur\u00fa, Purulh\u00e1, parts of Uspant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6262,yes +6197-location-3,6197,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Santa Cruz Verapaz, San Crist\u00f3bal Verapaz, Tactci, Tamah\u00fa, Tucur\u00fa, Purulh\u00e1, parts of Uspant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6286,yes 6197-location-4,6197,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Alta Verapaz Department.""}",,,bib67,no -6197-speaker_number-1,6197,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -6197-speakers-1,6197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,716"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no +6197-speaker_number-1,6197,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +6197-speakers-1,6197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""69,716"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no 6197-speakers-2,6197,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""114,423"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"57,507 women; 56,916 men. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -6197-speaker_number-3,6197,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"114,423 speakers (and population)",bib6262,yes -6197-speakers-3,6197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114,423"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"114,423 speakers (and population)",bib6262,yes +6197-speaker_number-3,6197,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"114,423 speakers (and population)",bib6286,yes +6197-speakers-3,6197,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""114,423"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"114,423 speakers (and population)",bib6286,yes 6197-speaker_number-4,6197,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue (2009) distinguished 2 languages for Poqomchi' where others have only one: Poqomchi’, Eastern [poh] 42,200 (2000), and Poqomchi’, Western [pob] 50,000 (1998). Ethnologue (2013) has only one Poqomchi' language [poc]. @@ -58875,39 +59079,39 @@ Poqomchi’, Eastern [poh] 42,200 (2000), and Poqomchi’, Western [pob] 50,000 Ethnologue (2013) has only one Poqomchi' language [poc]. 92,200 (1998–2000) (2013).",bib67,no -6197-LEI-1,6197,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -6197-vitality-1,6197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -6197-LEI-2,6197,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -6197-vitality-2,6197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +6197-LEI-1,6197,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +6197-vitality-1,6197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +6197-LEI-2,6197,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +6197-vitality-2,6197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 6197-LEI-3,6197,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6197-vitality-3,6197,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6198-context-1,6198,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""K'iche', Spanish""}",,,bib6262,yes -6198-location-1,6198,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 57 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -6198-location-2,6198,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3475, -90.8684]]}",,,bib5307,no -6198-location-3,6198,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Uspant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6262,yes +6198-context-1,6198,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""K'iche', Spanish""}",,,bib6286,yes +6198-location-1,6198,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 57 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +6198-location-2,6198,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3475, -90.8684]]}",,,bib5330,no +6198-location-3,6198,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Uspant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6286,yes 6198-location-4,6198,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Quich\u00e9 Department, San Miguel Uspant\u00e1n and Las Pacayas village.""}",,"Quiché Department, San Miguel Uspantán. The center is Las Pacayas village.",bib67,no -6198-speaker_number-1,6198,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -6198-speakers-1,6198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +6198-speaker_number-1,6198,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +6198-speakers-1,6198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,231"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 6198-speakers-2,6198,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""7,494"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"3,725 men; 3,769 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -6198-speaker_number-3,6198,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,231 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guatemala.",bib6262,yes -6198-speakers-3,6198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,231"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,231 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guatemala.",bib6262,yes +6198-speaker_number-3,6198,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,231 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guatemala.",bib6286,yes +6198-speakers-3,6198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,231"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,231 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Guatemala.",bib6286,yes 6198-speaker_number-4,6198,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 (2013 Language Museum). (2013).",bib67,no 6198-speakers-4,6198,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 (2013 Language Museum). (2013).",bib67,no -6198-LEI-1,6198,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -6198-vitality-1,6198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -6198-LEI-2,6198,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -6198-vitality-2,6198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +6198-LEI-1,6198,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +6198-vitality-1,6198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +6198-LEI-2,6198,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +6198-vitality-2,6198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 6198-LEI-3,6198,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6198-vitality-3,6198,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6199-location-1,6199,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua, Honduras""]}",,,bib6458,no -6199-location-2,6199,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras, Nicaragua""]}",,Atlantic coast [Costa Caribe],bib5570,yes +6199-location-1,6199,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua, Honduras""]}",,,bib6482,no +6199-location-2,6199,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras, Nicaragua""]}",,Atlantic coast [Costa Caribe],bib5594,yes 6199-location-3,6199,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.0, -84.5]]}",,,bib216,no 6199-location-4,6199,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua, Honduras""], ""Description"": ""In Nicragua: Upriver locations from Prinzapolka River in the south into Honduras in the north. Also in Honduras. In Honduras: Banks of the Patuca River, Gracias a Dios and parts of Olancho departments.""}",,"Mayangna [yan]: Autonomous Region of the North Atlantic, along the Waspuk River, Bambana, Tungi, and Santo Tomás de Umbra, the upper Wawa. Panamahka dialect: along stretches of the Wanki River; Tuahka dialect: Wasakin area, near Rosita. Ulwa [ulw]: Autonomous Region of the South Atlantic, Karawala village.",bib67,no -6199-speaker_number-1,6199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hale and Salamanca (2001) distinguish varieties of Sumu: northern Mayangna, with the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa, finding the two (northern and southern) sufficiently different to be considered distinct languages.",bib6458,no -6199-speakers-1,6199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hale and Salamanca (2001) distinguish varieties of Sumu: northern Mayangna, with the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa, finding the two (northern and southern) sufficiently different to be considered distinct languages.",bib6458,no -6199-speaker_number-2,6199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5570,yes -6199-speakers-2,6199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5570,yes +6199-speaker_number-1,6199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Hale and Salamanca (2001) distinguish varieties of Sumu: northern Mayangna, with the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa, finding the two (northern and southern) sufficiently different to be considered distinct languages.",bib6482,no +6199-speakers-1,6199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Hale and Salamanca (2001) distinguish varieties of Sumu: northern Mayangna, with the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa, finding the two (northern and southern) sufficiently different to be considered distinct languages.",bib6482,no +6199-speaker_number-2,6199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5594,yes +6199-speakers-2,6199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5594,yes 6199-speaker_number-3,6199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Honduras: 700 speakers, ethnic population 800-1,000. In Nicaragua: 6,700 speakers. Ethnologue (2009) had only a single Sumo [Sum] language; Ethnologue (2013) has separated these into two separate languages: @@ -58918,35 +59122,35 @@ Mayangna [yan]: 8,000 in Nicaragua (Adelaar 2007). Population total all countrie Ethnologue (2009) had only a single Sumo [Sum] language; Ethnologue (2013) has separated these into two separate languages: Mayangna [yan]: 8,000 in Nicaragua (Adelaar 2007). Population total all countries: 8,700. Ethnic population: 9,760 (2005 census). Ulwa [ulw]: 350 (2009 J. Mejia).",bib67,no -6199-LEI-1,6199,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6458,no -6199-vitality-1,6199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6458,no -6199-LEI-2,6199,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5570,yes -6199-vitality-2,6199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5570,yes +6199-LEI-1,6199,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6482,no +6199-vitality-1,6199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6482,no +6199-LEI-2,6199,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5594,yes +6199-vitality-2,6199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5594,yes 6199-LEI-3,6199,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6199-vitality-3,6199,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6200-location-1,6200,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama"", ""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Comarca Ng\u00e4be-Bugl\u00e9 community in Panama. Spoken in the following communities in Costa Rica: Coto Brus, Abrojos-Montezuma, Conte Burica, and the Osa Peninsula.""}",,"Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, Panama: Chiriquí Province (Barú, Boquete, Bugaba, David, Remedios, San Félix, San Lorenzo, and Tolé districts); -Veraguas Province (Cañazas and Las Palmas districts); Bocas del Toro Province (Changuinola district).",bib5725,no +Veraguas Province (Cañazas and Las Palmas districts); Bocas del Toro Province (Changuinola district).",bib5749,no 6200-location-2,6200,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.66666666667, -82.0]]}",,,bib216,yes 6200-location-3,6200,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama, Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Panama: Northeastern Chiriqui, Bocas del Toro, western Veraguas, western provinces. Also in Costa Rica.""}",,,bib67,no -6200-speaker_number-1,6200,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"163,000 native speakers in Panama; 2,563 native speakers in Costa Rica.",bib5725,no -6200-speakers-1,6200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""165,563"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"163,000 native speakers in Panama; 2,563 native speakers in Costa Rica.",bib5725,no +6200-speaker_number-1,6200,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"163,000 native speakers in Panama; 2,563 native speakers in Costa Rica.",bib5749,no +6200-speakers-1,6200,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""165,563"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"163,000 native speakers in Panama; 2,563 native speakers in Costa Rica.",bib5749,no 6200-speaker_number-2,6200,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"169,000 in Panama (2000 census). Population total all countries: 174,100 (2013).",bib67,no 6200-speakers-2,6200,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,360"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"169,000 in Panama (2000 census). Population total all countries: 174,100 (2013).",bib67,no -6200-LEI-1,6200,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5725,no -6200-vitality-1,6200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5725,no +6200-LEI-1,6200,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5749,no +6200-vitality-1,6200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5749,no 6200-LEI-2,6200,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6200-vitality-2,6200,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6202-context-1,6202,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""13,278""}",,"The number provided for those who speak other languages refers to those who speak Spanish. Source does not clarify if other indigenous languages are known. 3, 808 of Cora speakers do not speak Spanish (1,493 men, 2,315 women). 96.5%% of Cora speakers who do not speak Spanish reside in Del Nayar municipality.",bib163,no -6202-context-2,6202,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Nahuatl, English""}",,,bib5770,yes +6202-context-2,6202,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Nahuatl, English""}",,,bib5794,yes 6202-location-1,6202,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""97.1%% of Cora speakers live in the state of Nayarit; there is also a significant presence in Baja California (0.6%%) and Jalisco (0.7%%)."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.014361, -104.811402], [23.604262, -110.130616], [20.94092, -104.088135]]}",,"The municipalities with the greatest quantity of Cora speakers are: Del Nayar (12,935), Rosamorada (1,296) and Ruiz (1,235), in Nayarit.",bib163,no -6202-location-2,6202,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in El Gran Nayar in the State of Nayarit in Western Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.743889, -105.228333]]}",,,bib5770,yes +6202-location-2,6202,location,"{""Places"": [""Centered in El Gran Nayar in the State of Nayarit in Western Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.743889, -105.228333]]}",,,bib5794,yes 6202-location-3,6202,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""North central Nayarit; also in USA."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.0, -105.0]]}",,,bib67,no 6202-speaker_number-1,6202,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"8,299 women and 8,787 men speak the language (INEGI 2005:176). Ages and speaker numbers: 5-14 years old: 5,722 (2,978 boys, 2,744 girls); 15-44 years old: 8,420 (4,195 men, 4,225 women); 45-59 years old: 1,812 (971 men, 841 women).",bib163,no 6202-speakers-1,6202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,086"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Elders"": ""9,203""}",,"8,299 women and 8,787 men speak the language (INEGI 2005:176). Ages and speaker numbers: 5-14 years old: 5,722 (2,978 boys, 2,744 girls); 15-44 years old: 8,420 (4,195 men, 4,225 women); 45-59 years old: 1,812 (971 men, 841 women).",bib163,no -6202-speaker_number-2,6202,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5770,yes -6202-speakers-2,6202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,078 extrapolated from INALI census data, likely closer to 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5770,yes +6202-speaker_number-2,6202,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5794,yes +6202-speakers-2,6202,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,078 extrapolated from INALI census data, likely closer to 10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5794,yes 6202-speaker_number-3,6202,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnologue distinguishes 2 Cora languages: Cora, El Nayar [crn] 8,000 (1993), Cora, Santa Teresa [cok] 7,000 (1993).",bib67,no @@ -58955,30 +59159,30 @@ Cora, El Nayar [crn] 8,000 (1993), Cora, Santa Teresa [cok] 7,000 (1993).",bib67,no 6202-LEI-1,6202,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib163,no 6202-vitality-1,6202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,no -6202-LEI-2,6202,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5770,yes -6202-transmission-2,6202,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5770,yes -6202-domains_of_use-2,6202,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5770,yes -6202-speaker_number_trends-2,6202,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5770,yes -6202-vitality-2,6202,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5770,yes +6202-LEI-2,6202,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5794,yes +6202-transmission-2,6202,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5794,yes +6202-domains_of_use-2,6202,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5794,yes +6202-speaker_number_trends-2,6202,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5794,yes +6202-vitality-2,6202,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Under threat from rapid economic and demographic change in the region. Cora is essential for holy days, religious rituals, and festivals.",bib5794,yes 6202-LEI-3,6202,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6202-vitality-3,6202,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6203-location-1,6203,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[27.87, -108.44]]}",,,bib75,no 6203-location-2,6203,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.75, -108.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 6203-location-3,6203,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chihuahua, Sonora. \nWest central Chihuahua, Western Sierra Madre Mountains, from R\u00edo Chinipas east to Sonora border, from San Bernardo, to headwaters of R\u00edo Mayo. 17 or more villages or hamlets.""}",,,bib67,no -6203-speaker_number-1,6203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1547,yes -6203-speakers-1,6203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1547,yes +6203-speaker_number-1,6203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1559,yes +6203-speakers-1,6203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,136"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2010 census); (Sánchez 2012:22),bib1559,yes 6203-speaker_number-2,6203,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,840 (2005): 1,574 in Chihuahua, 1,207 in Sonora.",bib67,no 6203-speakers-2,6203,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,840"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,840 (2005): 1,574 in Chihuahua, 1,207 in Sonora.",bib67,no -6203-LEI-1,6203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1547,yes -6203-vitality-1,6203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1547,yes +6203-LEI-1,6203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1559,yes +6203-vitality-1,6203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1559,yes 6203-LEI-2,6203,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6203-vitality-2,6203,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6229-location-1,6229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.342394, 122.281792]]}",,,bib7945,no -6229-location-2,6229,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional country of Juwaliny people is in the north-west fringe of the Great Sandy Desert. There are only a few people who can still speak Juwaliny. These people mainly live in Bidyadanga and Looma communities.""}",,,bib1581,yes -6229-speaker_number-1,6229,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1581,yes -6229-speakers-1,6229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1581,yes -6229-LEI-1,6229,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1581,yes -6229-vitality-1,6229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1581,yes +6229-location-1,6229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.342394, 122.281792]]}",,,bib7970,no +6229-location-2,6229,location,"{""Description"": ""The traditional country of Juwaliny people is in the north-west fringe of the Great Sandy Desert. There are only a few people who can still speak Juwaliny. These people mainly live in Bidyadanga and Looma communities.""}",,,bib1593,yes +6229-speaker_number-1,6229,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1593,yes +6229-speakers-1,6229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1593,yes +6229-LEI-1,6229,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1593,yes +6229-vitality-1,6229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1593,yes 6250-location-1,6250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.66666666667, 124.75]]}",,,bib216,no 6250-speaker_number-1,6250,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 6250-speakers-1,6250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes @@ -58996,200 +59200,200 @@ Cora, Santa Teresa [cok] 7,000 (1993).",bib67,no 626-vitality-1,626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,yes 626-LEI-2,626,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 626-vitality-2,626,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6269-location-1,6269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.26867763, 126.5343409]]}",,,bib1182,no -6269-speaker_number-1,6269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,yes -6269-speakers-1,6269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,yes -6269-LEI-1,6269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -6269-vitality-1,6269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -627-context-1,627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +6269-location-1,6269,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.26867763, 126.5343409]]}",,,bib1191,no +6269-speaker_number-1,6269,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,yes +6269-speakers-1,6269,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,yes +6269-LEI-1,6269,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +6269-vitality-1,6269,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +627-context-1,627,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 627-location-1,627,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.0833333333, -108.833333333]]}",,,bib216,no 627-location-2,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, south McKinley County Reservation, south of Gallup.""}",,,bib67,no -627-location-3,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.082, -108.76]]}",,,bib5307,no -627-location-4,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Zuni Pueblo in western New Mexico.""}",,,bib5217,yes -627-location-5,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.082, -108.76]]}",,,bib1709,no +627-location-3,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.082, -108.76]]}",,,bib5330,no +627-location-4,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Zuni Pueblo in western New Mexico.""}",,,bib5240,yes +627-location-5,627,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.082, -108.76]]}",,,bib1721,no 627-speaker_number-1,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data on speaker number: (2000 SIL), increasing. US Census (2000) lists 7,005 who use the language in the home. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 627-speakers-1,627,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9651"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""9650"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data on speaker number: (2000 SIL), increasing. US Census (2000) lists 7,005 who use the language in the home. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -627-speaker_number-2,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -627-speakers-2,627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -627-speaker_number-3,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Zuni remains the primary language of most of the more than 9,000 tribal members.",bib5217,yes -627-speakers-3,627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Zuni remains the primary language of most of the more than 9,000 tribal members.",bib5217,yes +627-speaker_number-2,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +627-speakers-2,627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +627-speaker_number-3,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Zuni remains the primary language of most of the more than 9,000 tribal members.",bib5240,yes +627-speakers-3,627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Zuni remains the primary language of most of the more than 9,000 tribal members.",bib5240,yes 627-speaker_number-4,627,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 627-speakers-4,627,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,651"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 627-LEI-1,627,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some children raised to speak the language (1998). Slowly shifting to English [eng] (Golla 2007). Home, traditional tribal council meetings, all religious ceremonies, and occasionally in religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. 9,650 also use English [eng]",bib67,no 627-transmission-1,627,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Some children raised to speak the language (1998). Slowly shifting to English [eng] (Golla 2007). Home, traditional tribal council meetings, all religious ceremonies, and occasionally in religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. 9,650 also use English [eng]",bib67,no 627-vitality-1,627,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Some children raised to speak the language (1998). Slowly shifting to English [eng] (Golla 2007). Home, traditional tribal council meetings, all religious ceremonies, and occasionally in religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. 9,650 also use English [eng]",bib67,no -627-LEI-2,627,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -627-vitality-2,627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -627-LEI-3,627,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -627-transmission-3,627,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -627-vitality-3,627,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,yes +627-LEI-2,627,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +627-vitality-2,627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +627-LEI-3,627,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +627-transmission-3,627,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +627-vitality-3,627,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,yes 627-LEI-4,627,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 627-vitality-4,627,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6270-location-1,6270,location,"{""Places"": [""Gibson and Great Sandy Desert area of Western Australia""], ""Description"": "" The communities where a significant number of Martu Wangka speakers live are Jigalong, Parnngurr, Punmu, Newman and Nullagine. Martu people have also moved to other towns and communities in the Pilbara, including Port Hedland, Warralong and Strelley.""}",,,bib1589,yes +6270-location-1,6270,location,"{""Places"": [""Gibson and Great Sandy Desert area of Western Australia""], ""Description"": "" The communities where a significant number of Martu Wangka speakers live are Jigalong, Parnngurr, Punmu, Newman and Nullagine. Martu people have also moved to other towns and communities in the Pilbara, including Port Hedland, Warralong and Strelley.""}",,,bib1601,yes 6270-location-2,6270,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -6270-location-3,6270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.854456, 122.324919]]}",,,bib7945,no -6270-speaker_number-1,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -6270-speakers-1,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no -6270-speaker_number-2,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1589,yes -6270-speakers-2,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1589,yes +6270-location-3,6270,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-29.854456, 122.324919]]}",,,bib7970,no +6270-speaker_number-1,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +6270-speakers-1,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no +6270-speaker_number-2,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1601,yes +6270-speakers-2,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1601,yes 6270-speaker_number-3,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 100 speakers in Wankajunga (1991). Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,no 6270-speakers-3,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 100 speakers in Wankajunga (1991). Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1991).,bib67,no -6270-speaker_number-4,6270,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -6270-speakers-4,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +6270-speaker_number-4,6270,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +6270-speakers-4,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 6270-speaker_number-5,6270,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 6270-speakers-5,6270,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""720"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -6270-LEI-1,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -6270-vitality-1,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -6270-LEI-2,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1589,yes -6270-vitality-2,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1589,yes +6270-LEI-1,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +6270-vitality-1,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +6270-LEI-2,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1601,yes +6270-vitality-2,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1601,yes 6270-LEI-3,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6270-vitality-3,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6270-LEI-4,6270,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6270-vitality-4,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +6270-LEI-4,6270,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6270-vitality-4,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 6270-LEI-5,6270,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6270-vitality-5,6270,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6271-location-1,6271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-33.76168825, 122.1094206]]}",,,bib1182,no -6271-speaker_number-1,6271,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -6271-speakers-1,6271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -6271-LEI-1,6271,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -6271-vitality-1,6271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -6272-location-1,6272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.4815611, 127.8200044]]}",,,bib1182,no -6272-location-2,6272,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.297328, 130.052719]]}",,"[Spoken] from east of Port Culver to White Well, South Australia at the head of the Great Australian Bight; east of Madura (Brandenstein).",bib7278,no -6272-location-3,6272,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Southwestern corn of South Australia and westwards in southern Western Australia as far as Rawlinna.""], ""Description"": ""Coastal, and inland as far as Ooldea in South Australia, and Forrest and Rawlinna in Western Australia, on the Nullarbor Plain.""}",,,bib5309,yes +6271-location-1,6271,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-33.76168825, 122.1094206]]}",,,bib1191,no +6271-speaker_number-1,6271,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +6271-speakers-1,6271,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +6271-LEI-1,6271,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +6271-vitality-1,6271,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +6272-location-1,6272,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-31.4815611, 127.8200044]]}",,,bib1191,no +6272-location-2,6272,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.297328, 130.052719]]}",,"[Spoken] from east of Port Culver to White Well, South Australia at the head of the Great Australian Bight; east of Madura (Brandenstein).",bib7302,no +6272-location-3,6272,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Southwestern corn of South Australia and westwards in southern Western Australia as far as Rawlinna.""], ""Description"": ""Coastal, and inland as far as Ooldea in South Australia, and Forrest and Rawlinna in Western Australia, on the Nullarbor Plain.""}",,,bib5332,yes 6272-speaker_number-1,6272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib34,no 6272-speakers-1,6272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib34,no -6272-speaker_number-2,6272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7422,no -6272-speakers-2,6272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7422,no -6272-speaker_number-4,6272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"It was believed recently extinct, but one speaker is reported to be living in Perth.",bib5309,yes -6272-speakers-4,6272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"It was believed recently extinct, but one speaker is reported to be living in Perth.",bib5309,yes +6272-speaker_number-2,6272,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7446,no +6272-speakers-2,6272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7446,no +6272-speaker_number-4,6272,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"It was believed recently extinct, but one speaker is reported to be living in Perth.",bib5332,yes +6272-speakers-4,6272,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"It was believed recently extinct, but one speaker is reported to be living in Perth.",bib5332,yes 6272-LEI-1,6272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 6272-vitality-1,6272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -6272-LEI-2,6272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -6272-vitality-2,6272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -6272-LEI-3,6272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,yes -6272-transmission-3,6272,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,yes -6272-domains_of_use-3,6272,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,yes -6272-speaker_number_trends-3,6272,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,yes -6272-vitality-3,6272,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5309,yes -6273-location-1,6273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.97968655, 132.4794151]]}",,,bib1182,no -6273-location-2,6273,location,"{""Description"": ""Most speakers live west of Alice Springs. Western Arrarnta -speaking communities include Ntaria (Hermannsberg), Gilbert Springs, Kulpitarra, Ipolera, Undarana, Wallace Rockhole, Red Sand Hill, and Ilmanta (Running Water).""}",,,bib6343,yes +6272-LEI-2,6272,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +6272-vitality-2,6272,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +6272-LEI-3,6272,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,yes +6272-transmission-3,6272,transmission,5,transmission-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,yes +6272-domains_of_use-3,6272,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,yes +6272-speaker_number_trends-3,6272,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,yes +6272-vitality-3,6272,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No literacy in it. ... Moribund.,bib5332,yes +6273-location-1,6273,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-22.97968655, 132.4794151]]}",,,bib1191,no +6273-location-2,6273,location,"{""Description"": ""Most speakers live west of Alice Springs. Western Arrarnta -speaking communities include Ntaria (Hermannsberg), Gilbert Springs, Kulpitarra, Ipolera, Undarana, Wallace Rockhole, Red Sand Hill, and Ilmanta (Running Water).""}",,,bib6367,yes 6273-location-3,6273,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no 6273-speaker_number-1,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 6273-speakers-1,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -6273-speaker_number-2,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7422,no -6273-speakers-2,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7422,no -6273-speaker_number-3,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Western Arrarnta language is spoken every day by about 1500 people in Central Australia. ,bib6343,yes -6273-speakers-3,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Western Arrarnta language is spoken every day by about 1500 people in Central Australia. ,bib6343,yes +6273-speaker_number-2,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7446,no +6273-speakers-2,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7446,no +6273-speaker_number-3,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The Western Arrarnta language is spoken every day by about 1500 people in Central Australia. ,bib6367,yes +6273-speakers-3,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The Western Arrarnta language is spoken every day by about 1500 people in Central Australia. ,bib6367,yes 6273-speaker_number-4,6273,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 6273-speakers-4,6273,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib67,no 6273-LEI-1,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6273-vitality-1,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6273-LEI-2,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -6273-vitality-2,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no -6273-LEI-3,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6343,yes -6273-vitality-3,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6343,yes +6273-LEI-2,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +6273-vitality-2,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no +6273-LEI-3,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6367,yes +6273-vitality-3,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6367,yes 6273-LEI-4,6273,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6273-vitality-4,6273,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 629-context-1,629,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Classes in 2 schools.""}",,,bib68,no 629-location-1,629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0, -76.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no -629-location-2,629,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1184,yes -629-location-3,629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, -76.5087]]}",,,bib5307,no +629-location-2,629,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,,bib1193,yes +629-location-3,629,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, -76.5087]]}",,,bib5330,no 629-location-4,629,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""]}",,Extinct in Peru,bib68,no -629-location-5,629,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""In the province of Pastaza, in the Amazonian region, between\nthe Curaray River and the lower course of the Bobanaza \u2013 principally along the Conambo River \u2013 in the Montalvo area.""}",,,bib1902,no -629-speaker_number-1,629,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1184,yes -629-speakers-1,629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib1184,yes -629-speaker_number-2,629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -629-speakers-2,629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no +629-location-5,629,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""In the province of Pastaza, in the Amazonian region, between\nthe Curaray River and the lower course of the Bobanaza \u2013 principally along the Conambo River \u2013 in the Montalvo area.""}",,,bib1914,no +629-speaker_number-1,629,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1193,yes +629-speakers-1,629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""3""}",,,bib1193,yes +629-speaker_number-2,629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +629-speakers-2,629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no 629-speaker_number-3,629,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"About 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 629-speakers-3,629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""20""}",,"About 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 629-speaker_number-4,629,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 629-speakers-4,629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -629-speaker_number-5,629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In spite of the much higher outcome of the 2001 census only about 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. Crevels (2012:199) gives 176 speakers of a population of 346 (census figures).,bib1902,no -629-speakers-5,629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""346"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In spite of the much higher outcome of the 2001 census only about 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. Crevels (2012:199) gives 176 speakers of a population of 346 (census figures).,bib1902,no -629-LEI-1,629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1184,yes -629-vitality-1,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1184,yes -629-LEI-2,629,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -629-vitality-2,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +629-speaker_number-5,629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,In spite of the much higher outcome of the 2001 census only about 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. Crevels (2012:199) gives 176 speakers of a population of 346 (census figures).,bib1914,no +629-speakers-5,629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""346"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,In spite of the much higher outcome of the 2001 census only about 20 elderly Záparo still have some variable degree of knowledge of the language. Crevels (2012:199) gives 176 speakers of a population of 346 (census figures).,bib1914,no +629-LEI-1,629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1193,yes +629-vitality-1,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1193,yes +629-LEI-2,629,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +629-vitality-2,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 629-LEI-3,629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Shifting to Quichua. Language revival effort. Speakers all over 70 years old.,bib68,no 629-transmission-3,629,transmission,5,transmission-5,Shifting to Quichua. Language revival effort. Speakers all over 70 years old.,bib68,no 629-vitality-3,629,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Shifting to Quichua. Language revival effort. Speakers all over 70 years old.,bib68,no 629-LEI-4,629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 629-vitality-4,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -629-LEI-5,629,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -629-vitality-5,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6310-context-1,6310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Marketplace, School, Home""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Manta, Kendem, Menka, Atong, Pidgin English, English, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib625,yes -6310-location-1,6310,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.868, 9.765]]}",,,bib625,yes -6310-speaker_number-1,6310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib625,yes -6310-speakers-1,6310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib625,yes +629-LEI-5,629,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +629-vitality-5,629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6310-context-1,6310,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Marketplace, School, Home""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Manta, Kendem, Menka, Atong, Pidgin English, English, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib628,yes +6310-location-1,6310,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon"", ""Coordinates"": [[5.868, 9.765]]}",,,bib628,yes +6310-speaker_number-1,6310,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib628,yes +6310-speakers-1,6310,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib628,yes 6310-speakers-2,6310,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (2000).,bib67,no -6310-LEI-1,6310,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib625,yes -6310-transmission-1,6310,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib625,yes -6310-domains_of_use-1,6310,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib625,yes -6310-speaker_number_trends-1,6310,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib625,yes -6310-vitality-1,6310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib625,yes +6310-LEI-1,6310,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib628,yes +6310-transmission-1,6310,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib628,yes +6310-domains_of_use-1,6310,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib628,yes +6310-speaker_number_trends-1,6310,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib628,yes +6310-vitality-1,6310,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib628,yes 632-context-1,632,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive in Venezuela.""}",,,bib70,no 632-location-1,632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.1666666667, -72.75]]}",,,bib216,no 632-location-2,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no 632-location-3,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Colombia: Cesar department: Augustín Codazzi municipalit7; municipalities north and south, Colombia-Venezuela border in Serranía de Perijá mountain range. Río Casacará dialect in Agustín Codassi municipality along Casacará River and Caño Iroka. Yukpa sur dialect, Becerril municipality. In Venezuela: Zulia state: Cesar region, north Sierra de Perijá, on the Colombia border, between Palmar River north and Tucuco River south.",bib70,no -632-location-4,632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7956, -72.9382]]}",,,bib5307,no -632-location-5,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Zulia State, Cesar region, northern part of the Sierra de Perija, on the border with Colombia, approximately between the rivers Palmar in the north and Tucuco in the south""}",,,bib1903,no -632-location-6,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +632-location-4,632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.7956, -72.9382]]}",,,bib5330,no +632-location-5,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Zulia State, Cesar region, northern part of the Sierra de Perija, on the border with Colombia, approximately between the rivers Palmar in the north and Tucuco in the south""}",,,bib1915,no +632-location-6,632,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 632-speaker_number-1,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,500 in Colombia (2000 Moreno). Ethnic population 3,530 (Arango and Sánchez 1998).",bib67,no 632-speakers-1,632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,530"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,630"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,500 in Colombia (2000 Moreno). Ethnic population 3,530 (Arango and Sánchez 1998).",bib67,no 632-speaker_number-2,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"In Colombia: 3000, ethnic population 3530. In Venezuela: 3020, ethnic population 10,000.",bib70,no 632-speakers-2,632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6020"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009 (Colombia), 2007 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"In Colombia: 3000, ethnic population 3530. In Venezuela: 3020, ethnic population 10,000.",bib70,no -632-speaker_number-3,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -632-speakers-3,632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -632-speaker_number-4,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Most adults are still monolingual, but the younger generation is becoming more and more bilingual in Spanish",bib1903,no -632-speakers-4,632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""> 4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Most adults are still monolingual, but the younger generation is becoming more and more bilingual in Spanish",bib1903,no +632-speaker_number-3,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +632-speakers-3,632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +632-speaker_number-4,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Most adults are still monolingual, but the younger generation is becoming more and more bilingual in Spanish",bib1915,no +632-speakers-4,632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""> 4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Most adults are still monolingual, but the younger generation is becoming more and more bilingual in Spanish",bib1915,no 632-speaker_number-5,632,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 632-speakers-5,632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -632-speaker_number-6,632,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"3,651 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); fewer than the 7,522 of its total ethnic population speak it in Venezuela.",bib1902,yes -632-speakers-6,632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,173"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,173"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for both Colombia and Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"3,651 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); fewer than the 7,522 of its total ethnic population speak it in Venezuela.",bib1902,yes +632-speaker_number-6,632,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"3,651 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); fewer than the 7,522 of its total ethnic population speak it in Venezuela.",bib1914,yes +632-speakers-6,632,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,173"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,173"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 for both Colombia and Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"3,651 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); fewer than the 7,522 of its total ethnic population speak it in Venezuela.",bib1914,yes 632-LEI-1,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 632-vitality-1,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 632-LEI-2,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 632-vitality-2,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -632-LEI-3,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -632-vitality-3,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -632-LEI-4,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -632-vitality-4,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +632-LEI-3,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +632-vitality-3,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +632-LEI-4,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +632-vitality-4,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 632-LEI-5,632,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 632-vitality-5,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -632-LEI-6,632,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -632-vitality-6,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -6329-context-1,6329,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education and Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Atong, Pidgin, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib625,yes -6329-location-1,6329,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon""}",,,bib625,yes +632-LEI-6,632,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +632-vitality-6,632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +6329-context-1,6329,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education and Church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Atong, Pidgin, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib628,yes +6329-location-1,6329,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Widikum-Menka Subdivision, Momo Division, North West Province of Cameroon""}",,,bib628,yes 6329-location-2,6329,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""North West Province, Momo Division, Widikum-Menka Subdivision, west of Mbwengi, northwest of Batibo. 10 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.885162, 9.833596]]}",,,bib67,no -6329-speaker_number-1,6329,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib625,yes -6329-speakers-1,6329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib625,yes +6329-speaker_number-1,6329,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib628,yes +6329-speakers-1,6329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib628,yes 6329-speaker_number-2,6329,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 6329-speakers-2,6329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -6329-LEI-1,6329,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib625,yes -6329-transmission-1,6329,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib625,yes -6329-domains_of_use-1,6329,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib625,yes -6329-speaker_number_trends-1,6329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib625,yes -6329-vitality-1,6329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib625,yes +6329-LEI-1,6329,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib628,yes +6329-transmission-1,6329,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib628,yes +6329-domains_of_use-1,6329,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib628,yes +6329-speaker_number_trends-1,6329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib628,yes +6329-vitality-1,6329,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib628,yes 6329-LEI-2,6329,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6329-vitality-2,6329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -633-location-1,633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.2463, -65.0061]]}",,,bib5307,no -633-location-2,633,location,"{""Places"": [""Bol\u00edvia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Cochabamba, in between the rivers Chimore and Ichilo, Bia Rekuate""}",,,bib1903,no -633-location-3,633,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1902,yes +633-location-1,633,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-16.2463, -65.0061]]}",,,bib5330,no +633-location-2,633,location,"{""Places"": [""Bol\u00edvia""], ""Description"": ""Department of Cochabamba, in between the rivers Chimore and Ichilo, Bia Rekuate""}",,,bib1915,no +633-location-3,633,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib1914,yes 633-location-4,633,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""]}",,,bib67,no -633-speaker_number-1,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -633-speakers-1,633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -633-speaker_number-2,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,It is said that there is yet another uncontacted nomadic group of Yuki of about fourteen persons,bib1903,no -633-speakers-2,633,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""165"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,It is said that there is yet another uncontacted nomadic group of Yuki of about fourteen persons,bib1903,no -633-speaker_number-3,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There is also an uncontacted Yuki (Tupí-Guaranían) group of about four families in Bolivia in the area of the Usurinta River in the center of the Yuqui TCO, bordered by the rivers Chapare and Chimoré.",bib1902,yes -633-speakers-3,633,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There is also an uncontacted Yuki (Tupí-Guaranían) group of about four families in Bolivia in the area of the Usurinta River in the center of the Yuqui TCO, bordered by the rivers Chapare and Chimoré.",bib1902,yes +633-speaker_number-1,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +633-speakers-1,633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +633-speaker_number-2,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,It is said that there is yet another uncontacted nomadic group of Yuki of about fourteen persons,bib1915,no +633-speakers-2,633,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""165"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,It is said that there is yet another uncontacted nomadic group of Yuki of about fourteen persons,bib1915,no +633-speaker_number-3,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There is also an uncontacted Yuki (Tupí-Guaranían) group of about four families in Bolivia in the area of the Usurinta River in the center of the Yuqui TCO, bordered by the rivers Chapare and Chimoré.",bib1914,yes +633-speakers-3,633,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""208"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There is also an uncontacted Yuki (Tupí-Guaranían) group of about four families in Bolivia in the area of the Usurinta River in the center of the Yuqui TCO, bordered by the rivers Chapare and Chimoré.",bib1914,yes 633-speaker_number-4,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 633-speakers-4,633,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 633-speaker_number-5,633,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data on speaker number: (Adelaar 2000). @@ -59198,199 +59402,199 @@ In Venezuela: 3020, ethnic population 10,000.",bib70,no 633-speakers-5,633,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""120"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data on speaker number: (Adelaar 2000). 120 (Adelaar 2004). Ethnic population: 140 (Adelaar 2004) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -633-LEI-1,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -633-vitality-1,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -633-LEI-2,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -633-vitality-2,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no -633-LEI-3,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -633-vitality-3,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +633-LEI-1,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +633-vitality-1,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +633-LEI-2,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +633-vitality-2,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no +633-LEI-3,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +633-vitality-3,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 633-LEI-4,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 633-vitality-4,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 633-LEI-5,633,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 633-vitality-5,633,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 634-context-1,634,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Spanish and Makuna for communication with non-Yuhup people"", ""education in Spanish""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Makuna"", ""Government Support"": ""\""La Constitution Politique de 1991 les reconna\u00eet officiellement dans les territoires o\u00f9 elles sont parl\u00e9es, et promulgue l'enseignement bilingue obligatoire dans les \u00e9coles indig\u00e8nes.\"""", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""\""\u00c0 force d'\u00eatre soumis \u00e0 des jugements de valeur n\u00e9gatifs par ces groupes qui les m\u00e9prisent, quelques Yuhup\nen sont arriv\u00e9s \u00e0 avoir honte d'eux-m\u00eames et de leur langue... N\u00e9anmoins, la langue, dans son ensemble, s'est \nmaintenue vivante gr\u00e2ce au fait qu'elle est un signe d'identit\u00e9 ethnique.\""\n\n[By being subjected to negative value judgments by those groups who despise them, some Yuhup have come to be ashamed of themselves and of their language ... Nevertheless, the language as a whole was kept alive thanks to the fact that it is a sign of ethnic identity.]"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"""La communauté yuhup n'est plus une communauté monolingue. Les jeunes et adultes (qui sont la majorité de la population) connaissent, à divers degrés, l'espagnol ou le makuna ... leur utilisation se limite uniquement aux domaines relatifs au contact ... Avec l'introduction de la scolarisation en espagnol (et la présence d'un maître d'école hispanophone), tous sont maintenant en contact direct et permanent avec cette langue."" -[The yuhup community is not a monolingual community. Young people and adults (who are the majority of the population) know, to varying degrees, Spanish or Makuna ... their use is limited to only areas relating to contact ... With the introduction of schooling in Spanish (and the presence of Spanish-speaking school teacher), all are now in direct and continuous contact with that language.]",bib1203,yes +[The yuhup community is not a monolingual community. Young people and adults (who are the majority of the population) know, to varying degrees, Spanish or Makuna ... their use is limited to only areas relating to contact ... With the introduction of schooling in Spanish (and the presence of Spanish-speaking school teacher), all are now in direct and continuous contact with that language.]",bib1212,yes 634-context-2,634,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Portuguese, Tukano""}",,,bib70,no 634-location-1,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas, living in 11 villages on the Ira, Cunuri, Castanha, Apapóris, Tiquié, and Igarapé Samaúma rivers.",bib67,no -634-location-2,634,location,"{""Description"": ""\""Le territoire du peuple Yuhup est situ\u00e9 entre les rivi\u00e8res Tiqui\u00e9 et Apaporis, \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re entre la Colombie et le Br\u00e9sil. Les Yuhup colombiens... repr\u00e9sentent un groupe local de quarante personnes qui occupent actuellement un emplacement \u00e0 l'embouchure de l'Ug\u00e1, affluent de la rivi\u00e8re Apaporis.\""\n\n[The territory of Yuhup people are located between the Tiqui\u00e9 and Apaporis rivers, on the border between Colombia and Brazil. The Colombian Yuhup ... constitute a local group of 40 people who currently occupy a location at the mouth of the Uga, tributary of the Apaporis River.]""}",,,bib1203,yes -634-location-3,634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5493, -69.9169]]}",,,bib5307,no -634-location-4,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1903,no +634-location-2,634,location,"{""Description"": ""\""Le territoire du peuple Yuhup est situ\u00e9 entre les rivi\u00e8res Tiqui\u00e9 et Apaporis, \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re entre la Colombie et le Br\u00e9sil. Les Yuhup colombiens... repr\u00e9sentent un groupe local de quarante personnes qui occupent actuellement un emplacement \u00e0 l'embouchure de l'Ug\u00e1, affluent de la rivi\u00e8re Apaporis.\""\n\n[The territory of Yuhup people are located between the Tiqui\u00e9 and Apaporis rivers, on the border between Colombia and Brazil. The Colombian Yuhup ... constitute a local group of 40 people who currently occupy a location at the mouth of the Uga, tributary of the Apaporis River.]""}",,,bib1212,yes +634-location-3,634,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.5493, -69.9169]]}",,,bib5330,no +634-location-4,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Brazil""]}",,,bib1915,no 634-location-5,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas state: on the Apapóris, Castanha, Cunuri, Igarapé Samaúma, Ira, and Tiquié rivers; 11 villages.",bib70,no -634-location-6,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no +634-location-6,634,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no 634-speaker_number-1,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,360 in Brazil,bib67,no 634-speakers-1,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">360"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,360 in Brazil,bib67,no 634-speaker_number-2,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"""La population totale a été estimée entre 400 et 550 personnes."" -[The total population is estimated at between 400 and 550 persons.]",bib1203,yes +[The total population is estimated at between 400 and 550 persons.]",bib1212,yes 634-speakers-2,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400-550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"""La population totale a été estimée entre 400 et 550 personnes."" -[The total population is estimated at between 400 and 550 persons.]",bib1203,yes -634-speaker_number-3,634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -634-speakers-3,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,167"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +[The total population is estimated at between 400 and 550 persons.]",bib1212,yes +634-speaker_number-3,634,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +634-speakers-3,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,167"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 634-speaker_number-4,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"130 speakers in Colombia, 370 speakers in Brazil -Although Yuhup shares about 90 percent of its lexicon with Hup, these languages are best considered different languages on the basis of phonological and grammatical differences, and the lack of mutual intelligibility.",bib1903,no +Although Yuhup shares about 90 percent of its lexicon with Hup, these languages are best considered different languages on the basis of phonological and grammatical differences, and the lack of mutual intelligibility.",bib1915,no 634-speakers-4,634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"130 speakers in Colombia, 370 speakers in Brazil -Although Yuhup shares about 90 percent of its lexicon with Hup, these languages are best considered different languages on the basis of phonological and grammatical differences, and the lack of mutual intelligibility.",bib1903,no +Although Yuhup shares about 90 percent of its lexicon with Hup, these languages are best considered different languages on the basis of phonological and grammatical differences, and the lack of mutual intelligibility.",bib1915,no 634-speaker_number-5,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 634-speakers-5,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""360"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 634-speaker_number-6,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,400 in brazil,bib70,no 634-speakers-6,634,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,400 in brazil,bib70,no -634-speaker_number-7,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"617 speakers and population in Brazil, and 200 speakers and population in Colombia.",bib1902,no -634-speakers-7,634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"617 speakers and population in Brazil, and 200 speakers and population in Colombia.",bib1902,no +634-speaker_number-7,634,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"617 speakers and population in Brazil, and 200 speakers and population in Colombia.",bib1914,no +634-speakers-7,634,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""817"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"617 speakers and population in Brazil, and 200 speakers and population in Colombia.",bib1914,no 634-LEI-1,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 634-vitality-1,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 634-LEI-2,634,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"La langue est parlée par tous les membres du groupe dans tous les groupes d'âge, dans tous les domaines de la vie quotidienne, comme moyen d'expression, de communication et de transmission culturelle ... Quant à la transmission intergénérationnelle, la langue est transmise par les adultes et les jeunes aux enfants... Malgré la vitalité reflétée par la description précédente, quelques autres faits montrent que les changements dans la forme de vie des Yuhup ont un impact la viabilité de leur langue."" -[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1203,yes +[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1212,yes 634-transmission-2,634,transmission,0,transmission-0,"La langue est parlée par tous les membres du groupe dans tous les groupes d'âge, dans tous les domaines de la vie quotidienne, comme moyen d'expression, de communication et de transmission culturelle ... Quant à la transmission intergénérationnelle, la langue est transmise par les adultes et les jeunes aux enfants... Malgré la vitalité reflétée par la description précédente, quelques autres faits montrent que les changements dans la forme de vie des Yuhup ont un impact la viabilité de leur langue."" -[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1203,yes +[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1212,yes 634-domains_of_use-2,634,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"La langue est parlée par tous les membres du groupe dans tous les groupes d'âge, dans tous les domaines de la vie quotidienne, comme moyen d'expression, de communication et de transmission culturelle ... Quant à la transmission intergénérationnelle, la langue est transmise par les adultes et les jeunes aux enfants... Malgré la vitalité reflétée par la description précédente, quelques autres faits montrent que les changements dans la forme de vie des Yuhup ont un impact la viabilité de leur langue."" -[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1203,yes +[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1212,yes 634-vitality-2,634,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"La langue est parlée par tous les membres du groupe dans tous les groupes d'âge, dans tous les domaines de la vie quotidienne, comme moyen d'expression, de communication et de transmission culturelle ... Quant à la transmission intergénérationnelle, la langue est transmise par les adultes et les jeunes aux enfants... Malgré la vitalité reflétée par la description précédente, quelques autres faits montrent que les changements dans la forme de vie des Yuhup ont un impact la viabilité de leur langue."" -[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1203,yes -634-LEI-3,634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -634-vitality-3,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -634-LEI-4,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -634-vitality-4,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +[The language is spoken by all members of the group in all age groups in all areas of daily life, as a means of expression, communication and cultural transmission ... As for intergenerational transmission, language is transmitted by adults and young children ... Despite the vitality reflected in the above description, some other facts show that changes in the life form of Yuhup affect the viability of their tongue.",bib1212,yes +634-LEI-3,634,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +634-vitality-3,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +634-LEI-4,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +634-vitality-4,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 634-LEI-5,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 634-vitality-5,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 634-LEI-6,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 634-vitality-6,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -634-LEI-7,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -634-vitality-7,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6349-location-1,6349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.71870395, 144.8719484]]}",,,bib1182,no -6349-speakers-1,6349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,There are no longer any speakers of this language.,bib1182,no -6349-speaker_number-2,6349,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -6349-speakers-2,6349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -6349-LEI-1,6349,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1182,no -6349-vitality-1,6349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6349-LEI-2,6349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -6349-vitality-2,6349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -6350-location-1,6350,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.05169278, 150.4004615]]}",,,bib1182,no +634-LEI-7,634,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +634-vitality-7,634,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6349-location-1,6349,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.71870395, 144.8719484]]}",,,bib1191,no +6349-speakers-1,6349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers""}",,There are no longer any speakers of this language.,bib1191,no +6349-speaker_number-2,6349,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +6349-speakers-2,6349,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +6349-LEI-1,6349,LEI,Dormant,,,bib1191,no +6349-vitality-1,6349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6349-LEI-2,6349,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +6349-vitality-2,6349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +6350-location-1,6350,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.05169278, 150.4004615]]}",,,bib1191,no 6350-location-2,6350,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland; Bombandy, Broad sound, Cape Palmerston, Coast range, Normanby range, Pine mountain, Saint Lawrence, Styx, Yaamba.""}",,,bib69,no -6350-speakers-1,6350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,no +6350-speakers-1,6350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,no 6350-speakers-2,6350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no 6350-speakers-3,6350,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Some say that the Darumbal language is extinct. That is not the case, it is only due to a certain few of the Darumbal people who have pushed the Darumbal language to the forefront are we seeing the revitalisation. By learning their language, the Darumbal people are taking control of their cultural identity, thus maintaining the ages old traditions of passing on cultural knowledge to their descendants.",bib55,yes -6350-LEI-1,6350,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,no -6350-vitality-1,6350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,no +6350-LEI-1,6350,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,no +6350-vitality-1,6350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,no 6350-LEI-2,6350,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6350-vitality-2,6350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 6350-LEI-3,6350,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib55,yes 6350-vitality-3,6350,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib55,yes -6351-location-1,6351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.92169536, 151.3260412]]}",,,bib1182,no -6351-speaker_number-1,6351,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7422,yes -6351-speakers-1,6351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7422,yes -6351-LEI-1,6351,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,yes -6351-vitality-1,6351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,yes -6352-context-1,6352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6944,no -6352-location-1,6352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.772275, 37.313475]]}",,,bib7945,no -6352-location-2,6352,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib6636,no +6351-location-1,6351,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.92169536, 151.3260412]]}",,,bib1191,no +6351-speaker_number-1,6351,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7446,yes +6351-speakers-1,6351,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7446,yes +6351-LEI-1,6351,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,yes +6351-vitality-1,6351,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,yes +6352-context-1,6352,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa""}",,,bib6968,no +6352-location-1,6352,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.772275, 37.313475]]}",,,bib7970,no +6352-location-2,6352,location,"{""Places"": [""Africa""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Nigeria""}",,,bib6660,no 6352-location-3,6352,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Yobe state, Fika LGA; Gambe state, Nafada-Bajoga LGA.""}",,,bib67,no -6352-speaker_number-1,6352,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6944,no -6352-speakers-1,6352,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6944,no -6352-speaker_number-2,6352,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8069,yes -6352-speakers-2,6352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8069,yes +6352-speaker_number-1,6352,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6968,no +6352-speakers-1,6352,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""15000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6968,no +6352-speaker_number-2,6352,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8094,yes +6352-speakers-2,6352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~60,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8094,yes 6352-speaker_number-3,6352,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"60,000 (1993)",bib67,no 6352-speakers-3,6352,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""60,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"60,000 (1993)",bib67,no -6352-LEI-1,6352,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6944,no -6352-vitality-1,6352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6944,no -6352-LEI-2,6352,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8069,yes -6352-vitality-2,6352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8069,yes +6352-LEI-1,6352,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6968,no +6352-vitality-1,6352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6968,no +6352-LEI-2,6352,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8094,yes +6352-vitality-2,6352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8094,yes 6352-LEI-3,6352,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6352-vitality-3,6352,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -640-location-1,640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.091339, 101.748892]]}",,,bib7945,no -640-location-2,640,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Sichuan (\u56db\u5ddd), Aba Prefecture (\u963f\u58e9\u5dde), Southwest Rangtang county (\u58e4\u5858\u7e23/\u0f5b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f50\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44): Shili \u77f3\u91cc, Shangzhai \u4e0a\u5be8, Zongke \u5b97\u79d1 and Puxi \u84b2\u897f townships along the Duke River.""}",,These locations are for the Shangzhai dialect of Horpa.,bib7108,no -640-location-3,640,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701)""}",,"""Danba, Dawu (Daofu), Luhuo, Xinlong and other Counties of Garze (Ganzi) Zang (Tibetan) Autonomous Prefecture, and Jinchuan, Zamtang (Rangtang) Barkam (Ma'erkang) and other Counties of Aba Zang (Tibetan-)Qiang Autonomous Prefecture"" (p.154)",bib7110,yes +640-location-1,640,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[31.091339, 101.748892]]}",,,bib7970,no +640-location-2,640,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Northwest Sichuan (\u56db\u5ddd), Aba Prefecture (\u963f\u58e9\u5dde), Southwest Rangtang county (\u58e4\u5858\u7e23/\u0f5b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f50\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44): Shili \u77f3\u91cc, Shangzhai \u4e0a\u5be8, Zongke \u5b97\u79d1 and Puxi \u84b2\u897f townships along the Duke River.""}",,These locations are for the Shangzhai dialect of Horpa.,bib7132,no +640-location-3,640,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province (\u56db\u5ddd\u7701)""}",,"""Danba, Dawu (Daofu), Luhuo, Xinlong and other Counties of Garze (Ganzi) Zang (Tibetan) Autonomous Prefecture, and Jinchuan, Zamtang (Rangtang) Barkam (Ma'erkang) and other Counties of Aba Zang (Tibetan-)Qiang Autonomous Prefecture"" (p.154)",bib7134,yes 640-location-4,640,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Sichuan Province, Ganzi (Garz\u00ea) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Danba (=Rongzhag), Daofu (Dawu), Luhuo, Xinlong (Nyagrong) counties; Aba (Ngawa) Tibetan-Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Jinchua (Quq\u00ean) County; Ganzi Prefecture, Chengguan District, Central and eastern Daofu County; Wari District, Wari, Xiajia, and Muru townships; Bamei District, Shazhong Township; Danba County, Dasang District, Geshiza, Bianer, and Dandong townships; Chuangu District, Donggu Township; Jinchuan District, Bawang, Jinchuan townships. Scattered communities in Hexi District, Manqing, Zhuwo, and Duoshan townships; Xialatuo District, Renda Township.""}",,,bib67,no -640-speaker_number-1,640,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Eastern dialect: 4000; Northern dialect: 5000; Central dialect: 19000; Western dialect: 17000,bib7110,yes -640-speakers-1,640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Eastern dialect: 4000; Northern dialect: 5000; Central dialect: 19000; Western dialect: 17000,bib7110,yes +640-speaker_number-1,640,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Eastern dialect: 4000; Northern dialect: 5000; Central dialect: 19000; Western dialect: 17000,bib7134,yes +640-speakers-1,640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Eastern dialect: 4000; Northern dialect: 5000; Central dialect: 19000; Western dialect: 17000,bib7134,yes 640-speaker_number-2,640,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"45,000 (Shearer and Sun 2002). 15,000 monolinguals. Eastern dialect: 4000, Northern dialect: 5000, Central dialect: 19,000, Western Dialect 17,000",bib67,no 640-speakers-2,640,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"45,000 (Shearer and Sun 2002). 15,000 monolinguals. Eastern dialect: 4000, Northern dialect: 5000, Central dialect: 19,000, Western Dialect 17,000",bib67,no -640-LEI-1,640,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7110,yes -640-vitality-1,640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7110,yes +640-LEI-1,640,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7134,yes +640-vitality-1,640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7134,yes 640-LEI-2,640,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 640-vitality-2,640,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 641-location-1,641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.41666666667, -72.25]]}",,,bib216,no 641-location-2,641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Upper Meta River; right bank, Meta Department, between Puerto López and Puerto Gaitán, community of Umapo, and in El Turpial reservation; left bank, Casanare Department, contiguous area.",bib67,no -641-location-3,641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.434, -70.8837]]}",,,bib5307,no -641-location-4,641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,"Achagua, seriously endangered in Colombia, is today extinct in Venezuela.",bib1902,yes +641-location-3,641,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.434, -70.8837]]}",,,bib5330,no +641-location-4,641,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,"Achagua, seriously endangered in Colombia, is today extinct in Venezuela.",bib1914,yes 641-speaker_number-1,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(2000 Lozano) 250 (2000 M. Lozano), decreasing. Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).",bib67,no 641-speakers-1,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(2000 Lozano) 250 (2000 M. Lozano), decreasing. Ethnic population: 280 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).",bib67,no -641-speaker_number-2,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -641-speakers-2,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -641-speaker_number-3,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -641-speakers-3,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +641-speaker_number-2,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +641-speakers-2,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +641-speaker_number-3,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +641-speakers-3,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""280"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 641-speaker_number-4,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 641-speakers-4,641,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -641-speaker_number-5,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 283 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); the language is extinct in Venezuela,bib1902,yes -641-speakers-5,641,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 283 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); the language is extinct in Venezuela,bib1902,yes +641-speaker_number-5,641,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 283 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); the language is extinct in Venezuela,bib1914,yes +641-speakers-5,641,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""283"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""283"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 283 speakers (and ethnic population) in Colombia (2001); the language is extinct in Venezuela,bib1914,yes 641-LEI-1,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 641-vitality-1,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -641-LEI-2,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -641-vitality-2,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -641-LEI-3,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -641-vitality-3,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +641-LEI-2,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +641-vitality-2,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +641-LEI-3,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +641-vitality-3,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 641-LEI-4,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 641-vitality-4,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -641-LEI-5,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -641-vitality-5,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -6449-location-1,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2984,no +641-LEI-5,641,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +641-vitality-5,641,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +6449-location-1,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""]}",,,bib2998,no 6449-location-2,6449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.0, -73.0]]}",,,bib216,no 6449-location-3,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Hudson Strait areas, east through Nunavut, southern Baffin Island, and northern coastal settlements of Quebec, continuing along North Atlantic coast, Newfoundland and Labrador.""}",,,bib67,no -6449-location-4,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.102769, -68.461464]]}",,,bib7945,no -6449-location-5,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[54.1772, -58.4218]]}",,,bib5307,no -6449-location-6,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Inuktitut is the collective name for the dialects of Inuit (Eastern Eskimo) spoken on the northern coast of Canada, from the Mackenzie Delta in the west to Labrador in the east. (It is also sometimes used for Eastern Eskimo dialects in general, synonymous with Inuit.) The dialects of Western Canadian Inuktitut are usually distinguished from Eastern Canadian Inuktitut, the boundary falling between the Central Arctic coast and Baffin Island, but there is no sharp discontinuity. All of the Inuktitut speakers of the newly formed territory of Nunavut, which\nencompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another\u2019s speech.""}",,,bib5217,yes -6449-speaker_number-1,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Quebec.",bib2984,no -6449-speakers-1,6449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Quebec.",bib2984,no +6449-location-4,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.102769, -68.461464]]}",,,bib7970,no +6449-location-5,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[54.1772, -58.4218]]}",,,bib5330,no +6449-location-6,6449,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Inuktitut is the collective name for the dialects of Inuit (Eastern Eskimo) spoken on the northern coast of Canada, from the Mackenzie Delta in the west to Labrador in the east. (It is also sometimes used for Eastern Eskimo dialects in general, synonymous with Inuit.) The dialects of Western Canadian Inuktitut are usually distinguished from Eastern Canadian Inuktitut, the boundary falling between the Central Arctic coast and Baffin Island, but there is no sharp discontinuity. All of the Inuktitut speakers of the newly formed territory of Nunavut, which\nencompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another\u2019s speech.""}",,,bib5240,yes +6449-speaker_number-1,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Quebec.",bib2998,no +6449-speakers-1,6449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""31,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,960"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Quebec.",bib2998,no 6449-speaker_number-2,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"All Inuktitut varieties 32,775. Ethnic population: 17,500. 34,100 (2011 census) (2013).",bib67,no 6449-speakers-2,6449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991 (Kaplan)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"All Inuktitut varieties 32,775. Ethnic population: 17,500. 34,100 (2011 census) (2013).",bib67,no -6449-speaker_number-3,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -6449-speakers-3,6449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +6449-speaker_number-3,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +6449-speakers-3,6449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,890"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 6449-speaker_number-4,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Inuktitut is the collective name for the dialects of Inuit (Eastern Eskimo) spoken on the northern coast of Canada, from the Mackenzie Delta in the west to Labrador in the east. (It is also sometimes used for Eastern Eskimo dialects in general, synonymous with Inuit.) The dialects of Western Canadian Inuktitut are usually distinguished from Eastern Canadian Inuktitut, the boundary falling between the Central Arctic coast and Baffin Island, but there is no sharp discontinuity. All of the Inuktitut speakers of the newly formed territory of Nunavut, which -encompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another’s speech. The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Québec.",bib5217,yes +encompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another’s speech. The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Québec.",bib5240,yes 6449-speakers-4,6449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Inuktitut is the collective name for the dialects of Inuit (Eastern Eskimo) spoken on the northern coast of Canada, from the Mackenzie Delta in the west to Labrador in the east. (It is also sometimes used for Eastern Eskimo dialects in general, synonymous with Inuit.) The dialects of Western Canadian Inuktitut are usually distinguished from Eastern Canadian Inuktitut, the boundary falling between the Central Arctic coast and Baffin Island, but there is no sharp discontinuity. All of the Inuktitut speakers of the newly formed territory of Nunavut, which -encompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another’s speech. The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Québec.",bib5217,yes +encompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can understand one another’s speech. The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. In the 1996 Canadian census 26,960 people indicated Inuktitut was their first language, 18,495 of them in the Northwest Territories (and Nunavut) and 7,685 in Québec.",bib5240,yes 6449-speaker_number-5,6449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 6449-speakers-5,6449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -6449-LEI-1,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -6449-vitality-1,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no +6449-LEI-1,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +6449-vitality-1,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no 6449-LEI-2,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6449-vitality-2,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6449-LEI-3,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6449-vitality-3,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6449-LEI-4,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5217,yes -6449-speaker_number_trends-4,6449,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5217,yes -6449-vitality-4,6449,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5217,yes +6449-LEI-3,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6449-vitality-3,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6449-LEI-4,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5240,yes +6449-speaker_number_trends-4,6449,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5240,yes +6449-vitality-4,6449,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"The Inuktitut population in Canada is about 31,000, a high proportion being speakers. I",bib5240,yes 6449-LEI-5,6449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6449-vitality-5,6449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 6469-context-1,6469,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -6469-context-2,6469,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +6469-context-2,6469,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 6469-location-1,6469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.0, -113.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 6469-location-2,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""Central and northwest Arizona. Walapai dialect: Grand Canyon south rim; Havasupai dialect: Grand Canyon bottom.""}",,,bib67,no 6469-location-3,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Arizona""]}",,Arizona: central and northwest. Walapai dialect: Grand Canyon south rim; Havasupai dialect: Grand Canyon bottom.,bib70,no -6469-location-4,6469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.5638, -112.4453]]}",,,bib5307,no -6469-location-5,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""In western Arizona. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs. Havasupai is spoken in the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale.""}",,,bib5217,yes -6469-location-6,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.2429, -112.6897], [35.5279, -113.4297], [36.2377, -112.7094], [34.5638, -112.4453]]}",,,bib1709,no +6469-location-4,6469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.5638, -112.4453]]}",,,bib5330,no +6469-location-5,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Description"": ""In western Arizona. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs. Havasupai is spoken in the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale.""}",,,bib5240,yes +6469-location-6,6469,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Arizona""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.2429, -112.6897], [35.5279, -113.4297], [36.2377, -112.7094], [34.5638, -112.4453]]}",,,bib1721,no 6469-speaker_number-1,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"530 Havasupai, 1,000 Walapai (2000 A. Yamamoto), 163 Yavapai. Ethnic population includes 565 Havasupai, 1,872 Walapai, 1,420 Yavapai (2000).",bib67,no 6469-speakers-1,6469,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,857"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,690"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"530 Havasupai, 1,000 Walapai (2000 A. Yamamoto), 163 Yavapai. Ethnic population includes 565 Havasupai, 1,872 Walapai, 1,420 Yavapai (2000).",bib67,no 6469-speaker_number-2,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,600 (Golla 2007). 500 Havasupai, 1,000 Walapai, 100–150 Yavapai (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 3,860 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007). Including 570 Havasupai, 1,870 Walapai, 1,420 Yavapai (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004).",bib70,no 6469-speakers-2,6469,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3860"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,600 (Golla 2007). 500 Havasupai, 1,000 Walapai, 100–150 Yavapai (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 3,860 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007). Including 570 Havasupai, 1,870 Walapai, 1,420 Yavapai (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004).",bib70,no -6469-speaker_number-3,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -6469-speakers-3,6469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -6469-speaker_number-4,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Three historically and culturally distinct groups in western Arizona, the Hualapai, the Havasupai, and the Yavapai, the last traditionally divided into four regional subtribes. Each community speaks a distinct variety, with the Yavapai varieties forming a well-defined dialect, although all varieties are mutually intelligible with little difficulty. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs by approximately 1,000 people, slightly more than half the total population. Speakers are of all ages and at least some children continue to acquire Walapai as their first language. Havasupai is spoken by more than 500 people of all ages, nearly the entire population of the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale. None of the Yavapai varieties are thriving, and most of the estimated 100 to 150 speakers (out of a total population of about 1,000) are middle aged or older.",bib5217,yes -6469-speakers-4,6469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600-1,650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Three historically and culturally distinct groups in western Arizona, the Hualapai, the Havasupai, and the Yavapai, the last traditionally divided into four regional subtribes. Each community speaks a distinct variety, with the Yavapai varieties forming a well-defined dialect, although all varieties are mutually intelligible with little difficulty. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs by approximately 1,000 people, slightly more than half the total population. Speakers are of all ages and at least some children continue to acquire Walapai as their first language. Havasupai is spoken by more than 500 people of all ages, nearly the entire population of the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale. None of the Yavapai varieties are thriving, and most of the estimated 100 to 150 speakers (out of a total population of about 1,000) are middle aged or older.",bib5217,yes +6469-speaker_number-3,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +6469-speakers-3,6469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +6469-speaker_number-4,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Three historically and culturally distinct groups in western Arizona, the Hualapai, the Havasupai, and the Yavapai, the last traditionally divided into four regional subtribes. Each community speaks a distinct variety, with the Yavapai varieties forming a well-defined dialect, although all varieties are mutually intelligible with little difficulty. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs by approximately 1,000 people, slightly more than half the total population. Speakers are of all ages and at least some children continue to acquire Walapai as their first language. Havasupai is spoken by more than 500 people of all ages, nearly the entire population of the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale. None of the Yavapai varieties are thriving, and most of the estimated 100 to 150 speakers (out of a total population of about 1,000) are middle aged or older.",bib5240,yes +6469-speakers-4,6469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600-1,650"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Three historically and culturally distinct groups in western Arizona, the Hualapai, the Havasupai, and the Yavapai, the last traditionally divided into four regional subtribes. Each community speaks a distinct variety, with the Yavapai varieties forming a well-defined dialect, although all varieties are mutually intelligible with little difficulty. Hualapai (Walapai) is spoken at the Hualapai Indian Reservation in Peach Springs by approximately 1,000 people, slightly more than half the total population. Speakers are of all ages and at least some children continue to acquire Walapai as their first language. Havasupai is spoken by more than 500 people of all ages, nearly the entire population of the village of Supai in Havasu Canyon, at the western end of the Grand Canyon. Yavapai is spoken in four small reservation communities, Prescott, Fort McDowell, Camp Verde, and Clarkdale. None of the Yavapai varieties are thriving, and most of the estimated 100 to 150 speakers (out of a total population of about 1,000) are middle aged or older.",bib5240,yes 6469-speaker_number-5,6469,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 6469-speakers-5,6469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,693"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 6469-LEI-1,6469,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -59400,139 +59604,139 @@ encompasses dialects belonging to both the Western and Eastern divisions, can un 6469-transmission-2,6469,transmission,1,transmission-1,"All ages for Walapai, Havasupai, middle-aged and older for Yavapai.",bib70,no 6469-speaker_number_trends-2,6469,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"All ages for Walapai, Havasupai, middle-aged and older for Yavapai.",bib70,no 6469-vitality-2,6469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All ages for Walapai, Havasupai, middle-aged and older for Yavapai.",bib70,no -6469-LEI-3,6469,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6469-vitality-3,6469,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6469-LEI-4,6469,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6469-transmission-4,6469,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,yes -6469-vitality-4,6469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,yes +6469-LEI-3,6469,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6469-vitality-3,6469,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6469-LEI-4,6469,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6469-transmission-4,6469,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,yes +6469-vitality-4,6469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,yes 6469-LEI-5,6469,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6469-vitality-5,6469,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 647-location-1,647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.1666666667, -90.5]]}",,,bib216,no 647-location-2,647,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,"Central Rabinal area and west, Baja Verapaz Department.",bib67,no -647-location-3,647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.0845, -90.4888]]}",,,bib5307,no -647-location-4,647,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,795 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5849,no -647-location-5,647,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Baja Verapaz: Cubulco, Rabinal, San Miguel Chicaj, Salam\u00e1, San Jer\u00f3nimo y El Chol (parte).\nAlta Verapaz: Tactic y San Crist\u00f3bal.""}",,,bib6262,yes +647-location-3,647,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.0845, -90.4888]]}",,,bib5330,no +647-location-4,647,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,795 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5873,no +647-location-5,647,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Baja Verapaz: Cubulco, Rabinal, San Miguel Chicaj, Salam\u00e1, San Jer\u00f3nimo y El Chol (parte).\nAlta Verapaz: Tactic y San Crist\u00f3bal.""}",,,bib6286,yes 647-speaker_number-1,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"(1990 SIL) 85,600 (2013).",bib67,no 647-speakers-1,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"(1990 SIL) 85,600 (2013).",bib67,no -647-speaker_number-2,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -647-speakers-2,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82,640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +647-speaker_number-2,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +647-speakers-2,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""82,640"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 647-speakers-3,647,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""105,992"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"51,863 men; 54,129 women. 2002 Census. Data for Guatemala.",bib32,no -647-speaker_number-4,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -647-speakers-4,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,593"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no +647-speaker_number-4,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +647-speakers-4,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,593"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no 647-speaker_number-5,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 647-speakers-5,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -647-speaker_number-6,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.,bib6262,yes -647-speakers-6,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,593"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.,bib6262,yes +647-speaker_number-6,647,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.,bib6286,yes +647-speakers-6,647,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""51,593"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.,bib6286,yes 647-LEI-1,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 647-vitality-1,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -647-LEI-2,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -647-vitality-2,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -647-LEI-3,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -647-vitality-3,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +647-LEI-2,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +647-vitality-2,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +647-LEI-3,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +647-vitality-3,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 647-LEI-4,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 647-vitality-4,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -647-LEI-5,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -647-vitality-5,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -648-context-1,648,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Quechua""}",,At least half of the population is bilingual in either Spanish or Quechua; and a smaller percentage speaks all three languages.,bib8124,no -648-location-1,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Chuar and J\u00edbaro people, living in the basins of the Tigre, Corrientes, Pastaza, Huasaga, Manchari, Huitoyacu, and Situche rivers and the Masacuri and Anazo streams, in Loreto and Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Provinces, Loreto Region, Peru; also spoken in Ecuador.""}",,,bib8124,no +647-LEI-5,647,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +647-vitality-5,647,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +648-context-1,648,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Quechua""}",,At least half of the population is bilingual in either Spanish or Quechua; and a smaller percentage speaks all three languages.,bib8149,no +648-location-1,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Chuar and J\u00edbaro people, living in the basins of the Tigre, Corrientes, Pastaza, Huasaga, Manchari, Huitoyacu, and Situche rivers and the Masacuri and Anazo streams, in Loreto and Datem del Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Provinces, Loreto Region, Peru; also spoken in Ecuador.""}",,,bib8149,no 648-location-2,648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.66667, -76.0]]}",,,bib216,no 648-location-3,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador"", ""Peru""]}",,"Northwest Loreto region on the Ecuador border, between Morona and Tigre rivers.",bib67,no -648-location-4,648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, -76.8164]]}",,,bib5307,no -648-location-5,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Southeast, between the Pastaza and Maranon rivers, east of the present city of Cuenca along the contested border region with Peru, a rocky region covering approximately 25,000 square miles along the lower eastern slopes of the Andes."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.876318, -77.586775]]}",,,bib1903,no -648-location-6,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,yes +648-location-4,648,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.2186, -76.8164]]}",,,bib5330,no +648-location-5,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador""], ""Description"": ""Southeast, between the Pastaza and Maranon rivers, east of the present city of Cuenca along the contested border region with Peru, a rocky region covering approximately 25,000 square miles along the lower eastern slopes of the Andes."", ""Coordinates"": [[-2.876318, -77.586775]]}",,,bib1915,no +648-location-6,648,location,"{""Places"": [""Ecuador, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,yes 648-speakers-1,648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000""}",,"There are 3,000 speakers in Peru. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -648-speaker_number-2,648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -648-speakers-2,648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -648-speaker_number-3,648,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Although the Shuar are the second largest and one of the most studied Amazonian groups, their language has barely been studied.",bib1903,no -648-speakers-3,648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Although the Shuar are the second largest and one of the most studied Amazonian groups, their language has barely been studied.",bib1903,no +648-speaker_number-2,648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +648-speakers-2,648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +648-speaker_number-3,648,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Although the Shuar are the second largest and one of the most studied Amazonian groups, their language has barely been studied.",bib1915,no +648-speakers-3,648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Although the Shuar are the second largest and one of the most studied Amazonian groups, their language has barely been studied.",bib1915,no 648-speaker_number-4,648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 648-speakers-4,648,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -648-speaker_number-5,648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,943 speakers in Ecuador, 2500 in Peru.",bib1902,yes -648-speakers-5,648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,904"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,443"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 for Peru"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,943 speakers in Ecuador, 2500 in Peru.",bib1902,yes -648-LEI-1,648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -648-vitality-1,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -648-LEI-2,648,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -648-vitality-2,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +648-speaker_number-5,648,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,943 speakers in Ecuador, 2500 in Peru.",bib1914,yes +648-speakers-5,648,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,904"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,443"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 for Peru"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,943 speakers in Ecuador, 2500 in Peru.",bib1914,yes +648-LEI-1,648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +648-vitality-1,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +648-LEI-2,648,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +648-vitality-2,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 648-LEI-3,648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 648-vitality-3,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -648-LEI-4,648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -648-vitality-4,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +648-LEI-4,648,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +648-vitality-4,648,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 650-location-1,650,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.9166666667, -107.583333333]]}",,,bib216,no 650-location-2,650,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""]}",,,bib67,no -650-location-3,650,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico""]}",,"Northwestern New Mexico, west of Albuquerque, Acoma and Laguna pueblos.",bib5217,yes -650-location-4,650,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico, USA""], ""Description"": ""northwestern New Mexico west of Albuquerque"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.8964, -107.5816]]}",,,bib1709,no +650-location-3,650,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico""]}",,"Northwestern New Mexico, west of Albuquerque, Acoma and Laguna pueblos.",bib5240,yes +650-location-4,650,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico, USA""], ""Description"": ""northwestern New Mexico west of Albuquerque"", ""Coordinates"": [[34.8964, -107.5816]]}",,,bib1721,no 650-speaker_number-1,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,390 (1980 census). 1,695 Laguna, 1,696 Acoma; US Census (2000) lists 11,210 as “Keres”. Ethnic population: 5,880, including 3,526 Laguna, 2,354 Acoma (1980 census)",bib67,no 650-speakers-1,650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,880"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,390"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1980"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,390 (1980 census). 1,695 Laguna, 1,696 Acoma; US Census (2000) lists 11,210 as “Keres”. Ethnic population: 5,880, including 3,526 Laguna, 2,354 Acoma (1980 census)",bib67,no -650-speaker_number-2,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -650-speakers-2,650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -650-speaker_number-3,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 Acoma; 2,000 Laguna. At Acoma about half of the total population of approximately 4,000 are speakers; most are over 30. No children are acquiring the language. At Laguna there are about 2,000 speakers out of a total population of approximately 7,000; most are over 40. No children are acquiring the language.",bib5217,yes -650-speakers-3,650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000: 4,000 Acoma, 7,000 Laguna"", ""Young Adults"": ""Acoma: most over 30; Laguna: most over 40."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 Acoma; 2,000 Laguna. At Acoma about half of the total population of approximately 4,000 are speakers; most are over 30. No children are acquiring the language. At Laguna there are about 2,000 speakers out of a total population of approximately 7,000; most are over 40. No children are acquiring the language.",bib5217,yes +650-speaker_number-2,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +650-speakers-2,650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +650-speaker_number-3,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,000 Acoma; 2,000 Laguna. At Acoma about half of the total population of approximately 4,000 are speakers; most are over 30. No children are acquiring the language. At Laguna there are about 2,000 speakers out of a total population of approximately 7,000; most are over 40. No children are acquiring the language.",bib5240,yes +650-speakers-3,650,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000: 4,000 Acoma, 7,000 Laguna"", ""Young Adults"": ""Acoma: most over 30; Laguna: most over 40."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,000 Acoma; 2,000 Laguna. At Acoma about half of the total population of approximately 4,000 are speakers; most are over 30. No children are acquiring the language. At Laguna there are about 2,000 speakers out of a total population of approximately 7,000; most are over 40. No children are acquiring the language.",bib5240,yes 650-speaker_number-4,650,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 650-speakers-4,650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,391"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 650-LEI-1,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 650-vitality-1,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -650-LEI-2,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -650-vitality-2,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -650-LEI-3,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -650-vitality-3,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +650-LEI-2,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +650-vitality-2,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +650-LEI-3,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +650-vitality-3,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 650-LEI-4,650,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 650-vitality-4,650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6509-context-1,6509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -6509-location-1,6509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1914, -105.7151]]}",,,bib1709,no -6509-location-2,6509,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo of Picuris, 50 miles north of Santa Fe, New Mexico.""}",,,bib5217,yes -6509-speaker_number-1,6509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1709,no -6509-speakers-1,6509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1709,no +6509-context-1,6509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +6509-location-1,6509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.1914, -105.7151]]}",,,bib1721,no +6509-location-2,6509,location,"{""Places"": [""New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo of Picuris, 50 miles north of Santa Fe, New Mexico.""}",,,bib5240,yes +6509-speaker_number-1,6509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1721,no +6509-speakers-1,6509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1721,no 6509-speaker_number-2,6509,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by nearly all of the 225 members of the small and isolated Pueblo of Picuris. -Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tanoan family, but these languages are not mutually intelligible.",bib5217,yes +Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tanoan family, but these languages are not mutually intelligible.",bib5240,yes 6509-speakers-2,6509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<225"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by nearly all of the 225 members of the small and isolated Pueblo of Picuris. -Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tanoan family, but these languages are not mutually intelligible.",bib5217,yes -6509-LEI-1,6509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1709,no -6509-vitality-1,6509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1709,no -6509-LEI-2,6509,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6509-transmission-2,6509,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,yes -6509-vitality-2,6509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5217,yes +Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tanoan family, but these languages are not mutually intelligible.",bib5240,yes +6509-LEI-1,6509,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1721,no +6509-vitality-1,6509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1721,no +6509-LEI-2,6509,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6509-transmission-2,6509,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,yes +6509-vitality-2,6509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5240,yes 651-location-1,651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.8333333333, -91.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 651-location-2,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA"", ""Guatemala""]}",,,bib67,no -651-location-3,651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.7823, -93.1061]]}",,,bib5307,no -651-location-4,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""San Miguel Acat\u00e1n, Huehuetenango, Guatemala; Chiapas, Mexico""}",,,bib6077,no -651-location-5,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""111 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5849,no -651-location-6,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Rafael La Independencia, San Miguel Acat\u00e1n y la Aldea Jo\u2019om de San Sebasti\u00e1n Coat\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6262,yes +651-location-3,651,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.7823, -93.1061]]}",,,bib5330,no +651-location-4,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""San Miguel Acat\u00e1n, Huehuetenango, Guatemala; Chiapas, Mexico""}",,,bib6101,no +651-location-5,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""111 square kilometers.""}",,,bib5873,no +651-location-6,651,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Rafael La Independencia, San Miguel Acat\u00e1n y la Aldea Jo\u2019om de San Sebasti\u00e1n Coat\u00e1n.""}",,,bib6286,yes 651-speakers-1,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,600""}",,"48,500 in Guatemala (1998).",bib67,no -651-speaker_number-2,651,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -651-speakers-2,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +651-speaker_number-2,651,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +651-speakers-2,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 651-speakers-3,651,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""39,370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"20,915 women; 18,455 men. 2002 Census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -651-speaker_number-4,651,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 20,000 fluent speakers noted here are in San Miguel Acatán, Huehuetenango, Guatemala. There are ""also a few other speakers in Mexico, Chiapas"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6077,no -651-speakers-4,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 20,000 fluent speakers noted here are in San Miguel Acatán, Huehuetenango, Guatemala. There are ""also a few other speakers in Mexico, Chiapas"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6077,no -651-speaker_number-5,651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -651-speakers-5,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,572"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +651-speaker_number-4,651,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The 20,000 fluent speakers noted here are in San Miguel Acatán, Huehuetenango, Guatemala. There are ""also a few other speakers in Mexico, Chiapas"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6101,no +651-speakers-4,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The 20,000 fluent speakers noted here are in San Miguel Acatán, Huehuetenango, Guatemala. There are ""also a few other speakers in Mexico, Chiapas"" (Adelaar & Quesada 2007:197).",bib6101,no +651-speaker_number-5,651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +651-speakers-5,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,572"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 651-speaker_number-6,651,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 651-speakers-6,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -651-speaker_number-7,651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,572 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -651-speakers-7,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,572"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,572 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -651-LEI-1,651,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -651-vitality-1,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -651-LEI-2,651,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -651-vitality-2,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no -651-LEI-3,651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -651-vitality-3,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +651-speaker_number-7,651,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"5,572 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +651-speakers-7,651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,572"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"5,572 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +651-LEI-1,651,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +651-vitality-1,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +651-LEI-2,651,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +651-vitality-2,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no +651-LEI-3,651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +651-vitality-3,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 651-LEI-4,651,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 651-vitality-4,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -651-LEI-5,651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -651-vitality-5,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +651-LEI-5,651,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +651-vitality-5,651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 6510-context-1,6510,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no 6510-location-1,6510,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.5, -105.5]]}",,,bib216,no 6510-location-2,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""North central New Mexico""}",,,bib67,no 6510-location-3,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: New Mexico""]}",,New Mexico: north central.,bib70,no -6510-location-4,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4717, -105.5596]]}",,,bib5307,no -6510-location-5,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo of Taos, 70 miles north of Santa Fe, New Mexico.""}",,,bib5217,yes -6510-location-6,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4717, -105.5596]]}",,,bib1709,no +6510-location-4,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4717, -105.5596]]}",,,bib5330,no +6510-location-5,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo of Taos, 70 miles north of Santa Fe, New Mexico.""}",,,bib5240,yes +6510-location-6,6510,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.4717, -105.5596]]}",,,bib1721,no 6510-speaker_number-1,6510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number data: 1980 census, decreasing. 803 Taos speakers, 101 Picuris (1990 census). Ethnic population: 1,166 (1980 census), including 1,042 Taos, 124 Picuris (1990 census).",bib67,no 6510-speakers-1,6510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""930"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Speaker number data: 1980 census, decreasing. 803 Taos speakers, 101 Picuris (1990 census). Ethnic population: 1,166 (1980 census), including 1,042 Taos, 124 Picuris (1990 census).",bib67,no 6510-speaker_number-2,6510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Etihnologue (2016) joins Taos and Picuris in a single language, but nevertheless under ""dialetcs"" say: ""Taos, Picuris. Taos and Picuris are not mutually intelligible (Golla 2007)."" @@ -59541,10 +59745,10 @@ Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tan 6510-speakers-2,6510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1830"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""998"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Etihnologue (2016) joins Taos and Picuris in a single language, but nevertheless under ""dialetcs"" say: ""Taos, Picuris. Taos and Picuris are not mutually intelligible (Golla 2007)."" 1,070 (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007). 998 Taos, 66 Picuris speakers (Ichihashi-Nakayama et al 2007). Picuris spoken by nearly all 230 members of the Picuris Pueblo. 800 Taos speakers out of 1,600 in the pueblo (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1,830 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -6510-speaker_number-3,6510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -6510-speakers-3,6510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,025"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -6510-speaker_number-4,6510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,yes -6510-speakers-4,6510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,yes +6510-speaker_number-3,6510,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +6510-speakers-3,6510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,025"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +6510-speaker_number-4,6510,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,yes +6510-speakers-4,6510,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,yes 6510-speakers-5,6510,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""927""}",,,bib233,no 6510-LEI-1,6510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6510-vitality-1,6510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no @@ -59552,15 +59756,15 @@ Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tan 6510-transmission-2,6510,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib70,no 6510-speaker_number_trends-2,6510,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib70,no 6510-vitality-2,6510,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -6510-LEI-3,6510,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6510-vitality-3,6510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6510-LEI-4,6510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6510-vitality-4,6510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes -6511-context-1,6511,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Rates of language retention vary considerably from community to community, as do attitudes towards language preservation efforts. In general, outsiders are discouraged from learning the language, and this is especially strongly enforced at Santo Domingo and San Felipe.""}",,,bib5217,yes +6510-LEI-3,6510,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6510-vitality-3,6510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6510-LEI-4,6510,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6510-vitality-4,6510,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes +6511-context-1,6511,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Rates of language retention vary considerably from community to community, as do attitudes towards language preservation efforts. In general, outsiders are discouraged from learning the language, and this is especially strongly enforced at Santo Domingo and San Felipe.""}",,,bib5240,yes 6511-context-2,6511,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -6511-location-1,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.5147, -106.3655]]}",,,bib1709,no +6511-location-1,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.5147, -106.3655]]}",,,bib1721,no 6511-location-2,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: New Mexico""]}",,"New Mexico: Cochiti, San Felipe, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, and Zia pueblos.",bib70,no -6511-location-3,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in five New Mexico Pueblos located near the Rio Grande or Jemez River north of Albuquerque: Zia, Santa Ana, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, and Cochiti.""}",,,bib5217,yes +6511-location-3,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in five New Mexico Pueblos located near the Rio Grande or Jemez River north of Albuquerque: Zia, Santa Ana, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, and Cochiti.""}",,,bib5240,yes 6511-location-4,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""New Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.4166666667, -106.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 6511-location-5,6511,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, New Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Zia, Santa Ana, San Felipe, Santo Domingo, Cochiti.""}",,,bib67,no 6511-speaker_number-1,6511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"6680 (Golla 2007). Includes 500 Zia speakers, 390 Santa Ana, 2,340 San Felipe, 2,850 Santo Domingo, 600 Cochiti (Golla 2007). 2000 census lists 11,200 as Keres. Ethnic population: 8,100 (Golla 2007). Includes 1,200 Cochiti, 2,600 San Felipe, 650 Santa Ana, 2,850 Santo Domingo, 800 Zia.",bib70,no @@ -59569,12 +59773,12 @@ Together with Taos, Picuris belongs to the Northern Tiwa branch of the Kiowa-Tan At Santa Ana there are about 385 speakers out of a total population of approximately 650. At San Felipe an estimated 90% of the population of over 2,600 speak the language, and most children acquire it. At Santo Domingo nearly all of the Pueblo’s population of approximately 2,850 are speakers. -At Cochiti about half of the total population of approximately 1,200 speak the language, few if any of them children.",bib5217,yes +At Cochiti about half of the total population of approximately 1,200 speak the language, few if any of them children.",bib5240,yes 6511-speakers-2,6511,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8250"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6125"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"At Zia there are about 500 speakers out of a total population of approximately 800; there are relatively few speakers under 20, but at least some children acquire the language. At Santa Ana there are about 385 speakers out of a total population of approximately 650. At San Felipe an estimated 90% of the population of over 2,600 speak the language, and most children acquire it. At Santo Domingo nearly all of the Pueblo’s population of approximately 2,850 are speakers. -At Cochiti about half of the total population of approximately 1,200 speak the language, few if any of them children.",bib5217,yes +At Cochiti about half of the total population of approximately 1,200 speak the language, few if any of them children.",bib5240,yes 6511-speaker_number-3,6511,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,580 total: 463 Zia, 229 Santa Ana, 1,560 San Felipe, 1,888 Santo Domingo, 384 Cochiti; US Census (2000) lists 11,210 as “Keres”. Ethnic population: 5,701 including 602 Zia, 374 Santa Ana, 1,789 San Felipe, 2,140 Santo Domingo, 796 Cochiti. 6,680 (Golla 2007). Includes 500 Zia speakers, 390 Santa Ana, 2,340 San Felipe, 2,850 Santo Domingo, 600 Cochiti (Golla 2007). 2000 census lists 11,200 as Keres. Ethnic population: 8,100 (Golla 2007). Includes 1,200 Cochiti, 2,600 San Felipe, 650 Santa Ana, 2,850 Santo Domingo, 800 Zia (2013).",bib67,no @@ -59585,17 +59789,17 @@ At Cochiti about half of the total population of approximately 1,200 speak the l 6511-transmission-1,6511,transmission,1,transmission-1,"All ages, but few children in Zia and Cochiti.",bib70,no 6511-speaker_number_trends-1,6511,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"All ages, but few children in Zia and Cochiti.",bib70,no 6511-vitality-1,6511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"All ages, but few children in Zia and Cochiti.",bib70,no -6511-LEI-2,6511,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6511-transmission-2,6511,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -6511-domains_of_use-2,6511,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5217,yes -6511-speaker_number_trends-2,6511,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5217,yes -6511-vitality-2,6511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5217,yes +6511-LEI-2,6511,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6511-transmission-2,6511,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +6511-domains_of_use-2,6511,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib5240,yes +6511-speaker_number_trends-2,6511,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5240,yes +6511-vitality-2,6511,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5240,yes 6511-LEI-3,6511,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6511-vitality-3,6511,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6512-context-1,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no 6512-context-2,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -6512-context-3,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5307,no -6512-context-4,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes +6512-context-3,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5330,no +6512-context-4,6512,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes 6512-location-1,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[45.0, -93.5]]}",,,bib216,no 6512-location-2,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib67,no 6512-location-3,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota.\nCanada: Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.""]}",,"Dakota [dak]: Minnesota: Upper Sioux, Lower Sioux, Prior Lake, Prairie Island, Minneapolis; Montana: Fort Peck reservation; Nebraska: Santee; North Dakota: Devils Lake, northern Standing Rock reservation, Sisseton-Lakota Traverse reservation; South Dakota: Crow Creek, Sisseton-Lakota Traverse and Yankton reservations, Flandreau. Canada: Manitoba: south; Saskatchewan: Oak River and Oak Lake, Long Plain west of Winnipeg, Standing Buffalo, Birdtail, Stony Wahpeton, and Moose Woods. May be at Wood Mountain Reserve. @@ -59604,9 +59808,9 @@ Lakota [lkt]: US: Nebraska: northwest corner; North Dakota: Bismark, Standing Ro Stoney [sto]: Alberta province: Alexis, Bighorn, Eden Valley, Morley, and Paul reserves west and northwest of Calgary and west of Edmonton.",bib70,no -6512-location-4,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0588, -102.5244]]}",,,bib5307,no -6512-location-5,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Minnesota, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota""}",,,bib5217,yes -6512-location-6,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0588, -102.5244]]}",,,bib1709,no +6512-location-4,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0588, -102.5244]]}",,,bib5330,no +6512-location-5,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Minnesota, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota""}",,,bib5240,yes +6512-location-6,6512,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.0588, -102.5244]]}",,,bib1721,no 6512-speakers-1,6512,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""19,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990, 1997""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 4 Dakota languages: Assiniboine [asb], Dakota [dak], Lakota [lkt], Stoney [sto]. 15,400 in US (1990 census), decreasing. 31 monolinguals (1990 census). 250 Yanktonais (1997 D. Parks); Census (2000) data may include Lakota. Population total all countries: 19,280. Ethnic population: 5,000 Yanktonais (1997 D. Parks); 20,475 (2000 census).",bib67,no 6512-speaker_number-2,6512,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Dakota [dak]: US: 100 (2016 W. Meya). Ethnic population: 170,000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux. Canada: 190 (2016 W. Meya). 2300 L1 speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 175,000, of which 5,000 reside in Canada (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Ethnic population: 5,000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux. @@ -59619,10 +59823,10 @@ Stoney [sto]: 3160 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3200 (Golla 2007).",bib70,n Lakota [ltk]: US: 2000 (1997 W. Meya). 2300 L1 speakers of all Sioux dialects in a total population of 175,000. L2 users: 100 in US (2016 W. Meya). Ethnic population: 170,000 (2016 W. Meya). Includes all ethnic Sioux. Total users in all countries: 2200 (as L1: 2,100; as L2: 100). Canada: 100 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Ethnic population: 5000 (2016 Lakota Language Consortium). Includes all ethnic Sioux. Stoney [sto]: 3160 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3200 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -6512-speaker_number-3,6512,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -6512-speakers-3,6512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -6512-speaker_number-4,6512,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5217,yes -6512-speakers-4,6512,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""103,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5217,yes +6512-speaker_number-3,6512,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +6512-speakers-3,6512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,675"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +6512-speaker_number-4,6512,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5240,yes +6512-speakers-4,6512,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""103,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5240,yes 6512-speaker_number-5,6512,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 6512-speakers-5,6512,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,355"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 6512-LEI-1,6512,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -59633,95 +59837,95 @@ Stoney [sto]: 3160 (2011 census). Ethnic population: 3200 (Golla 2007).",bib70,n 6512-transmission-2,6512,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib70,no 6512-speaker_number_trends-2,6512,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 6512-vitality-2,6512,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -6512-LEI-3,6512,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6512-vitality-3,6512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6512-LEI-4,6512,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -6512-transmission-4,6512,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5217,yes -6512-speaker_number_trends-4,6512,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5217,yes -6512-vitality-4,6512,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +6512-LEI-3,6512,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6512-vitality-3,6512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6512-LEI-4,6512,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +6512-transmission-4,6512,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5240,yes +6512-speaker_number_trends-4,6512,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5240,yes +6512-vitality-4,6512,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 6512-LEI-5,6512,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6512-vitality-5,6512,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6513-context-2,6513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2981,yes -6513-context-3,6513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +6513-context-2,6513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2995,yes +6513-context-3,6513,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 6513-location-1,6513,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[36.0, -118.333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 6513-location-2,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""South central California, near Bakersfield.""}",,,bib67,no -6513-location-3,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Tubatulabal was spoken along the upper Kern River northeast of Bakersfield, both along the main Kern (or \""North Fork\"") and along its principal tributary, South Fork.""}",,,bib2981,yes -6513-location-4,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6444, -118.5183]]}",,,bib5307,no -6513-location-5,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Kern River Valley of the southern Sierra Nevada.""}",,,bib5217,no -6513-location-6,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6444, -118.5183]]}",,,bib1709,no +6513-location-3,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Tubatulabal was spoken along the upper Kern River northeast of Bakersfield, both along the main Kern (or \""North Fork\"") and along its principal tributary, South Fork.""}",,,bib2995,yes +6513-location-4,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6444, -118.5183]]}",,,bib5330,no +6513-location-5,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Kern River Valley of the southern Sierra Nevada.""}",,,bib5240,no +6513-location-6,6513,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.6444, -118.5183]]}",,,bib1721,no 6513-speaker_number-1,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Ethnic population data: (A. Yamamoto 2000). (5 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no 6513-speakers-1,6513,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Ethnic population data: (A. Yamamoto 2000). (5 (Golla 2007) [2016].)",bib67,no -6513-speaker_number-2,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"As of 2005, Betsy Johnson ... and four others were studying the language with Jim Andreas, 74, the only remaining speaker of the South Fork dialect.",bib2981,yes -6513-speakers-2,6513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"As of 2005, Betsy Johnson ... and four others were studying the language with Jim Andreas, 74, the only remaining speaker of the South Fork dialect.",bib2981,yes -6513-speaker_number-3,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -6513-speakers-3,6513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -6513-speaker_number-4,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a handful of elderly people—fewer than five—are speakers of the language.,bib5217,no -6513-speakers-4,6513,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a handful of elderly people—fewer than five—are speakers of the language.,bib5217,no +6513-speaker_number-2,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"As of 2005, Betsy Johnson ... and four others were studying the language with Jim Andreas, 74, the only remaining speaker of the South Fork dialect.",bib2995,yes +6513-speakers-2,6513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"As of 2005, Betsy Johnson ... and four others were studying the language with Jim Andreas, 74, the only remaining speaker of the South Fork dialect.",bib2995,yes +6513-speaker_number-3,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +6513-speakers-3,6513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +6513-speaker_number-4,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a handful of elderly people—fewer than five—are speakers of the language.,bib5240,no +6513-speakers-4,6513,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a handful of elderly people—fewer than five—are speakers of the language.,bib5240,no 6513-speaker_number-5,6513,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 6513-speakers-5,6513,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 6513-LEI-1,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Older adults only.,bib67,no 6513-transmission-1,6513,transmission,5,transmission-5,Older adults only.,bib67,no 6513-speaker_number_trends-1,6513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Older adults only.,bib67,no 6513-vitality-1,6513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Older adults only.,bib67,no -6513-LEI-2,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2981,yes -6513-transmission-2,6513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2981,yes -6513-speaker_number_trends-2,6513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2981,yes -6513-vitality-2,6513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2981,yes -6513-LEI-3,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -6513-vitality-3,6513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -6513-LEI-4,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -6513-transmission-4,6513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -6513-speaker_number_trends-4,6513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -6513-vitality-4,6513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +6513-LEI-2,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2995,yes +6513-transmission-2,6513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2995,yes +6513-speaker_number_trends-2,6513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib2995,yes +6513-vitality-2,6513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib2995,yes +6513-LEI-3,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +6513-vitality-3,6513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +6513-LEI-4,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +6513-transmission-4,6513,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +6513-speaker_number_trends-4,6513,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +6513-vitality-4,6513,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 6513-LEI-5,6513,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 6513-vitality-5,6513,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 652-location-1,652,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.3333333333, -91.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 652-location-2,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango Department, Santa Eulalia""}",,,bib67,no -652-location-3,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,996 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -652-location-4,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Chiapas, Campeche, and Quintana Roo, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Mexico in municipalities on the Chiapas border: Las Margaritas, La Trinitaria and La Independencia. Also spoken in the Mexican states, Campeche and Quintana Roo.""}",,,bib6337,no -652-location-5,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Pedro Soloma, San Juan Ixcoy, Barillas y Santa Eulalia""}",,,bib6262,yes +652-location-3,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""1,996 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +652-location-4,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Chiapas, Campeche, and Quintana Roo, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Mexico in municipalities on the Chiapas border: Las Margaritas, La Trinitaria and La Independencia. Also spoken in the Mexican states, Campeche and Quintana Roo.""}",,,bib6361,no +652-location-5,652,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Huehuetenango: San Pedro Soloma, San Juan Ixcoy, Barillas y Santa Eulalia""}",,,bib6286,yes 652-speaker_number-1,652,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"77,700 in Guatemala (1998). (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 652-speakers-1,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"77,700 in Guatemala (1998). (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no -652-speaker_number-2,652,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5849,no -652-speakers-2,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,211"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5849,no +652-speaker_number-2,652,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5873,no +652-speakers-2,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,211"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5873,no 652-speakers-3,652,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""159,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"78,392 men; 80,638 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no 652-speaker_number-5,652,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 652-speakers-5,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""77,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -652-speaker_number-6,652,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"99,211 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -652-speakers-6,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,211"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"99,211 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +652-speaker_number-6,652,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"99,211 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +652-speakers-6,652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,211"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"99,211 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 652-LEI-1,652,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 652-vitality-1,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -652-LEI-2,652,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -652-vitality-2,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +652-LEI-2,652,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +652-vitality-2,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 652-LEI-3,652,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 652-vitality-3,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -652-LEI-4,652,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -652-vitality-4,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +652-LEI-4,652,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +652-vitality-4,652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 653-context-1,653,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 653-location-1,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Western Oklahoma, Caddo County.""}",,,bib67,no 653-location-2,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oklahoma""]}",,Oklahoma: Caddo county.,bib70,no -653-location-3,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1018, -98.6033]]}",,,bib5307,no -653-location-4,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5217,no -653-location-5,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1018, -98.6033]]}",,,bib1709,no +653-location-3,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1018, -98.6033]]}",,,bib5330,no +653-location-4,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5240,no +653-location-5,653,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1018, -98.6033]]}",,,bib1721,no 653-speaker_number-1,653,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"18 (1990 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 653-speakers-1,653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"18 (1990 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 1000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 653-speaker_number-2,653,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,3 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1000 (1977 SIL).,bib70,no 653-speakers-2,653,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,3 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 1000 (1977 SIL).,bib70,no -653-speaker_number-3,653,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -653-speakers-3,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -653-speaker_number-4,653,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only 3 very elderly first-language speakers remain, together with a few semi-speakers, but there are no second language speakers.",bib5217,no -653-speakers-4,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Only 3 very elderly first-language speakers remain, together with a few semi-speakers, but there are no second language speakers.",bib5217,no +653-speaker_number-3,653,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +653-speakers-3,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +653-speaker_number-4,653,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Only 3 very elderly first-language speakers remain, together with a few semi-speakers, but there are no second language speakers.",bib5240,no +653-speakers-4,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""a few""}",,"Only 3 very elderly first-language speakers remain, together with a few semi-speakers, but there are no second language speakers.",bib5240,no 653-speaker_number-5,653,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 653-speakers-5,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -653-speakers-6,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last fluent first language speaker died in February of 2008 (Jordan 2008).,bib5269,yes +653-speakers-6,653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last fluent first language speaker died in February of 2008 (Jordan 2008).,bib5292,yes 653-LEI-1,653,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"decreasing. A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no @@ -59738,39 +59942,39 @@ A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no 653-transmission-2,653,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 653-speaker_number_trends-2,653,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 653-vitality-2,653,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -653-LEI-3,653,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -653-vitality-3,653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -653-LEI-4,653,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -653-transmission-4,653,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -653-speaker_number_trends-4,653,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -653-vitality-4,653,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +653-LEI-3,653,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +653-vitality-3,653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +653-LEI-4,653,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +653-transmission-4,653,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +653-speaker_number_trends-4,653,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +653-vitality-4,653,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 653-LEI-5,653,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 653-vitality-5,653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -653-LEI-6,653,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5269,yes -653-vitality-6,653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5269,yes +653-LEI-6,653,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5292,yes +653-vitality-6,653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5292,yes 654-location-1,654,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico, Mescalero Reservation.""}",,,bib69,no -654-location-2,654,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico""}",,,bib5217,no -654-location-3,654,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.1513, -105.799]]}",,,bib5307,no +654-location-2,654,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico""}",,,bib5240,no +654-location-3,654,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""New Mexico"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.1513, -105.799]]}",,,bib5330,no 654-speaker_number-1,654,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 654-speakers-1,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 654-speakers-2,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -654-speakers-3,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Lipan Apache was once a thriving and widespread language, and has now been reduced to the point of extermination. Given that this is the current situation, this page and the links therein are dedicated to the revitalization of the Lipan Apache Language.",bib2976,yes -654-speakers-4,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"There were 2 or three elderly speakers living as late as 1981, but the language is now extinct. It is very poorly documented.",bib5217,no +654-speakers-3,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Lipan Apache was once a thriving and widespread language, and has now been reduced to the point of extermination. Given that this is the current situation, this page and the links therein are dedicated to the revitalization of the Lipan Apache Language.",bib2990,yes +654-speakers-4,654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"There were 2 or three elderly speakers living as late as 1981, but the language is now extinct. It is very poorly documented.",bib5240,no 654-LEI-1,654,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 654-vitality-1,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 654-LEI-2,654,LEI,Awakening (),,"Revitalization meeting in Corpus Christi, Texas (2009). Mainly older adults.",bib69,no 654-vitality-2,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Revitalization meeting in Corpus Christi, Texas (2009). Mainly older adults.",bib69,no -654-LEI-3,654,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2976,yes -654-vitality-3,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2976,yes -654-LEI-4,654,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -654-vitality-4,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -655-location-1,655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2084, -55.1074]]}",,,bib5307,yes -655-location-2,655,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northern Para State""]}",,,bib1903,no +654-LEI-3,654,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2990,yes +654-vitality-3,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2990,yes +654-LEI-4,654,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +654-vitality-4,654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +655-location-1,655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[1.2084, -55.1074]]}",,,bib5330,yes +655-location-2,655,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, northern Para State""]}",,,bib1915,no 655-location-3,655,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[0.0, -54.0]]}",,,bib216,no 655-location-4,655,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, mainly on Paru Leste river with fringe groups on Jari and Citare rivers, 20 villages; small area in Amapa State.""}",,"Para State, mainly on Paru Leste river with fringe groups on Jari and Citare rivers, 20 villages; small area in Amapa State.",bib67,no -655-speaker_number-1,655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,yes -655-speakers-1,655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""317"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,yes -655-speakers-2,655,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""415""}",,The Aparai are registered together with the Wayana so the number 415 includes both groups.,bib1903,no +655-speaker_number-1,655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,yes +655-speakers-1,655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""317"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,yes +655-speakers-2,655,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""415""}",,The Aparai are registered together with the Wayana so the number 415 includes both groups.,bib1915,no 655-speaker_number-3,655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 655-speakers-3,655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 655-speaker_number-4,655,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1993). There are 100 monolinguals. @@ -59779,21 +59983,21 @@ A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no 655-speakers-4,655,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1993). There are 100 monolinguals. 450 (1993 SIL). 100 monolinguals (2013, no change).",bib67,no -655-LEI-1,655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -655-vitality-1,655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +655-LEI-1,655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +655-vitality-1,655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 655-LEI-2,655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 655-vitality-2,655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 655-LEI-3,655,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 655-vitality-3,655,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -656-location-1,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib7238,no +656-location-1,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib7262,no 656-location-2,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Northern Mato Grosso State, upper Rio Tapajos, near confluence of Slo Manoel; smaller area across border in Para State.""}",,,bib67,no 656-location-3,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Mato Grosso state: upper Rio Tapajos, Slo Manoel confluence; a few in Pará state.",bib70,no -656-location-4,656,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1519, -57.3113]]}",,,bib5307,no -656-location-5,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1379,yes +656-location-4,656,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.1519, -57.3113]]}",,,bib5330,no +656-location-5,656,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1391,yes 656-speaker_number-1,656,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Presentemente, existem apenas quatro falantes de Apiaká, todos com mais de 50 anos, embora os professores Apiaká venham tentando retomar a língua há anos, por meio da escola. -[Presently, there exist scarcely 4 speakers of Apiaká, all over 50 years old, although Apiaká teachers have been trying for some years to recover the language, through the school.]",bib7238,no +[Presently, there exist scarcely 4 speakers of Apiaká, all over 50 years old, although Apiaká teachers have been trying for some years to recover the language, through the school.]",bib7262,no 656-speakers-1,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009 / 2013?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""4""}",,"Presentemente, existem apenas quatro falantes de Apiaká, todos com mais de 50 anos, embora os professores Apiaká venham tentando retomar a língua há anos, por meio da escola. -[Presently, there exist scarcely 4 speakers of Apiaká, all over 50 years old, although Apiaká teachers have been trying for some years to recover the language, through the school.]",bib7238,no +[Presently, there exist scarcely 4 speakers of Apiaká, all over 50 years old, although Apiaká teachers have been trying for some years to recover the language, through the school.]",bib7262,no 656-speaker_number-2,656,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Information for the number of native speakers and for ethnic population comes from ISA (2001). 1 (Tempesta 2009). Ethnic population: 1,000 (Tempesta 2009) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -59802,23 +60006,23 @@ A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no 1 (Tempesta 2009). Ethnic population: 1,000 (Tempesta 2009) (2013).",bib67,no 656-speaker_number-3,656,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 656-speakers-3,656,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -656-speaker_number-4,656,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -656-speakers-4,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no +656-speaker_number-4,656,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +656-speakers-4,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no 656-speaker_number-5,656,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 656-speakers-5,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -656-speakers-6,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,"There are only 3 remembers, but they are not fluent speakers, the last fluent speaker, Seu Pedrinho, died four years ago.",bib1379,yes -656-LEI-1,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7238,no -656-vitality-1,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7238,no +656-speakers-6,656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,"There are only 3 remembers, but they are not fluent speakers, the last fluent speaker, Seu Pedrinho, died four years ago.",bib1391,yes +656-LEI-1,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7262,no +656-vitality-1,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7262,no 656-LEI-2,656,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 656-vitality-2,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 656-LEI-3,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 656-vitality-3,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -656-LEI-4,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -656-vitality-4,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +656-LEI-4,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +656-vitality-4,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 656-LEI-5,656,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 656-vitality-5,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -656-LEI-6,656,LEI,Dormant (),,No fluent speakers; 3 rememberers.,bib1379,yes -656-vitality-6,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No fluent speakers; 3 rememberers.,bib1379,yes +656-LEI-6,656,LEI,Dormant (),,No fluent speakers; 3 rememberers.,bib1391,yes +656-vitality-6,656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No fluent speakers; 3 rememberers.,bib1391,yes 6569-location-1,6569,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Although Huichol speakers are present in many areas of Mexico, the largest populations are in the states of Nayarit, Jalisco, and Durango.""}",,,bib163,yes 6569-location-2,6569,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Western central Mexico, in the northern part of the state of Jalisco."", ""Coordinates"": [[21.95, -104.06]]}",,,bib75,no 6569-location-3,6569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[22.0, -104.0]]}",,,bib216,no @@ -59833,32 +60037,32 @@ A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no 6569-vitality-2,6569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 657-location-1,657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5, 93.75]]}",,,bib216,no 657-location-2,657,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -657-location-3,657,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Apatani Plateau""}",,,bib8246,yes -657-location-4,657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5228, 93.8177]]}",,,bib5307,no +657-location-3,657,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, Apatani Plateau""}",,,bib8271,yes +657-location-4,657,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5228, 93.8177]]}",,,bib5330,no 657-speaker_number-1,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 657-speakers-1,657,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -657-speaker_number-2,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8246,yes -657-speakers-2,657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8246,yes -657-speaker_number-3,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -657-speakers-3,657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +657-speaker_number-2,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib8271,yes +657-speakers-2,657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib8271,yes +657-speaker_number-3,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +657-speakers-3,657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 657-speaker_number-4,657,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 657-speakers-4,657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 657-LEI-2,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 657-vitality-2,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -657-LEI-3,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8246,yes -657-vitality-3,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8246,yes -657-LEI-4,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -657-vitality-4,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +657-LEI-3,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8271,yes +657-vitality-3,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8271,yes +657-LEI-4,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +657-vitality-4,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 657-LEI-5,657,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 657-vitality-5,657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -658-context-1,658,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most men speak Portuguese fluently; all women understand Portuguese even if they don't speak it""}",,,bib1903,yes -658-location-1,658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0317, -47.5604]]}",,,bib5307,no -658-location-2,658,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, north Tocantins State""], ""Description"": ""At the confluence of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers, 8 villages in the Terra Indigena Apinaje.""}",,,bib1903,yes +658-context-1,658,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most men speak Portuguese fluently; all women understand Portuguese even if they don't speak it""}",,,bib1915,yes +658-location-1,658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-6.0317, -47.5604]]}",,,bib5330,no +658-location-2,658,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, north Tocantins State""], ""Description"": ""At the confluence of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers, 8 villages in the Terra Indigena Apinaje.""}",,,bib1915,yes 658-location-3,658,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.5, -48.0]]}",,,bib216,no 658-location-4,658,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Tocantins and Maranhlo states, near Tocantinopolis; 6 villages.""}",,"Tocantins and Maranhlo states, near Tocantinopolis; 6 villages.",bib67,no -658-speaker_number-1,658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -658-speakers-1,658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -658-speakers-2,658,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,262"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,,bib1903,yes +658-speaker_number-1,658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +658-speakers-1,658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +658-speakers-2,658,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,262"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003""}",,,bib1915,yes 658-speaker_number-3,658,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 658-speakers-3,658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 658-speaker_number-4,658,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2003 FUNASA). @@ -59867,188 +60071,188 @@ A few semi-speakers (Golla 2007). Elderly only (2013).",bib67,no 658-speakers-4,658,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,260"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2003 FUNASA). 1,260 (2003 FUNASA). Ethnic population: 1,530 (2006 FUNASA) (2013 unchanged).",bib67,no -658-LEI-1,658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -658-vitality-1,658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +658-LEI-1,658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +658-vitality-1,658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 658-LEI-2,658,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 658-vitality-2,658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 658-LEI-3,658,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 658-vitality-3,658,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -660-context-1,660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quechua, Spanish""}",,,bib1338,yes +660-context-1,660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quechua, Spanish""}",,,bib1347,yes 660-context-3,660,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Quechua, Spanish""}",,Some ethnic group members understand but do not speak it. Seriously endangered. Also use Quechua or Spanish.,bib68,no -660-location-1,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in some coastal communities of the Arabela River, a tributary of the Curaray, in Maynas Province, Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +660-location-1,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in some coastal communities of the Arabela River, a tributary of the Curaray, in Maynas Province, Loreto Region, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 660-location-2,660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.0, -75.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -660-location-3,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1338,yes -660-location-4,660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5818, -75.3881]]}",,,bib5307,no -660-location-5,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Department of Loreto""], ""Description"": ""Province of Maynas, along the Arabela River, near the border with Ecuador in the villages of Buena Vista and Flor de Coco""}",,,bib1903,no +660-location-3,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1347,yes +660-location-4,660,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-1.5818, -75.3881]]}",,,bib5330,no +660-location-5,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Department of Loreto""], ""Description"": ""Province of Maynas, along the Arabela River, near the border with Ecuador in the villages of Buena Vista and Flor de Coco""}",,,bib1915,no 660-location-6,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Arabela River, tributary of Napo, 2 villages.""}",,,bib68,no -660-location-7,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no -660-speaker_number-1,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""...solo 30 personas hablan la lengua arabela."" [only 30 people speak Arabela]",bib1338,yes -660-speakers-1,660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""...solo 30 personas hablan la lengua arabela."" [only 30 people speak Arabela]",bib1338,yes -660-speaker_number-2,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -660-speakers-2,660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -660-speaker_number-3,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -660-speakers-3,660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""55-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +660-location-7,660,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no +660-speaker_number-1,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"""...solo 30 personas hablan la lengua arabela."" [only 30 people speak Arabela]",bib1347,yes +660-speakers-1,660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"""...solo 30 personas hablan la lengua arabela."" [only 30 people speak Arabela]",bib1347,yes +660-speaker_number-2,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +660-speakers-2,660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +660-speaker_number-3,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +660-speakers-3,660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""55-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 660-speakers-4,660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"(Speakers unchanged, ethnic population 400 [2016].)",bib68,no 660-speaker_number-5,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 660-speakers-5,660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -660-speaker_number-6,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -660-speakers-6,660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no -660-LEI-1,660,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8124,no -660-transmission-1,660,transmission,5,transmission-5,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8124,no -660-vitality-1,660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8124,no -660-LEI-2,660,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1338,yes -660-transmission-2,660,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1338,yes -660-domains_of_use-2,660,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1338,yes -660-speaker_number_trends-2,660,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1338,yes -660-vitality-2,660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1338,yes -660-LEI-3,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -660-vitality-3,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -660-LEI-4,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -660-vitality-4,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +660-speaker_number-6,660,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +660-speakers-6,660,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no +660-LEI-1,660,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8149,no +660-transmission-1,660,transmission,5,transmission-5,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8149,no +660-vitality-1,660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,It is spoken only by older adults.,bib8149,no +660-LEI-2,660,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1347,yes +660-transmission-2,660,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1347,yes +660-domains_of_use-2,660,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1347,yes +660-speaker_number_trends-2,660,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1347,yes +660-vitality-2,660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1347,yes +660-LEI-3,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +660-vitality-3,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +660-LEI-4,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +660-vitality-4,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 660-LEI-5,660,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 660-transmission-5,660,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 660-vitality-5,660,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib68,no 660-LEI-6,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 660-vitality-6,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -660-LEI-7,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -660-vitality-7,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6609-location-1,6609,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.6137893, 143.7753848]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6609-speakers-1,6609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6609-LEI-1,6609,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6609-vitality-1,6609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -661-context-1,661,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -661-context-2,661,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1709,no +660-LEI-7,660,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +660-vitality-7,660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6609-location-1,6609,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-15.6137893, 143.7753848]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6609-speakers-1,6609,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6609-LEI-1,6609,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6609-vitality-1,6609,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +661-context-1,661,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +661-context-2,661,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib1721,no 661-location-1,661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.0, -103.0]]}",,,bib216,no 661-location-2,661,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Wyoming; Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; also associated with Cheyenne in western Oklahoma.""}",,"Wind River Reservation, Wyoming; also associated with Cheyenne in western Oklahoma.",bib67,no 661-location-3,661,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Wyoming, Oklahoma""]}",,Wyoming: Wind River Reservation; also associated with Cheyenne in western Oklahoma.,bib70,no -661-location-4,661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0139, -108.8214]]}",,,bib5307,no -661-location-5,661,location,"{""Places"": [""Wyoming, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Northern Arapaho (Arapahoe) of the Wind River Reservation in central Wyoming and of the Southern Arapaho members of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe in west central Oklahoma.""}",,,bib5217,yes -661-location-6,661,location,"{""Description"": ""Wyoming"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.0139, -108.8214]]}",,,bib1709,no -661-location-7,661,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Wyoming (Wind River Reservation) and west-central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5309,no +661-location-4,661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.0139, -108.8214]]}",,,bib5330,no +661-location-5,661,location,"{""Places"": [""Wyoming, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Northern Arapaho (Arapahoe) of the Wind River Reservation in central Wyoming and of the Southern Arapaho members of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribe in west central Oklahoma.""}",,,bib5240,yes +661-location-6,661,location,"{""Description"": ""Wyoming"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.0139, -108.8214]]}",,,bib1721,no +661-location-7,661,location,"{""Places"": [""Central Wyoming (Wind River Reservation) and west-central Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5332,no 661-speaker_number-1,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers is from the 1990 census. The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 661-speakers-1,661,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,218"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1040"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers is from the 1990 census. The number of speakers is decreasing. Data for the ethnic population is from the 2000 census.,bib67,no 661-speaker_number-2,661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"1,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 5,940 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 661-speakers-2,661,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5940"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"1,000 (Golla 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 5,940 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -661-speaker_number-3,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -661-speakers-3,661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -661-speaker_number-4,661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Approximately 1,000 of the 5,953 Northern Arapaho tribal members are first-language speakers, most over 50; there are no first-language speakers of Arapaho in Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes -661-speakers-4,661,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""most over 50"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""5,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Approximately 1,000 of the 5,953 Northern Arapaho tribal members are first-language speakers, most over 50; there are no first-language speakers of Arapaho in Oklahoma.",bib5217,yes +661-speaker_number-3,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +661-speakers-3,661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +661-speaker_number-4,661,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Approximately 1,000 of the 5,953 Northern Arapaho tribal members are first-language speakers, most over 50; there are no first-language speakers of Arapaho in Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes +661-speakers-4,661,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""most over 50"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""5,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Approximately 1,000 of the 5,953 Northern Arapaho tribal members are first-language speakers, most over 50; there are no first-language speakers of Arapaho in Oklahoma.",bib5240,yes 661-speaker_number-5,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 661-speakers-5,661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,038"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -661-speaker_number-6,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5309,no -661-speakers-6,661,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5309,no +661-speaker_number-6,661,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5332,no +661-speakers-6,661,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,953"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5332,no 661-LEI-1,661,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 661-vitality-1,661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 661-LEI-2,661,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mostly 50 and older.,bib70,no 661-transmission-2,661,transmission,4,transmission-4,Mostly 50 and older.,bib70,no 661-speaker_number_trends-2,661,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,Mostly 50 and older.,bib70,no 661-vitality-2,661,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mostly 50 and older.,bib70,no -661-LEI-3,661,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -661-vitality-3,661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -661-LEI-4,661,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5217,yes -661-transmission-4,661,transmission,4,transmission-4,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5217,yes -661-domains_of_use-4,661,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5217,yes -661-speaker_number_trends-4,661,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5217,yes -661-vitality-4,661,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5217,yes +661-LEI-3,661,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +661-vitality-3,661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +661-LEI-4,661,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5240,yes +661-transmission-4,661,transmission,4,transmission-4,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5240,yes +661-domains_of_use-4,661,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5240,yes +661-speaker_number_trends-4,661,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5240,yes +661-vitality-4,661,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Most speakers are over 50.,bib5240,yes 661-LEI-5,661,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 661-vitality-5,661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -661-LEI-6,661,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -661-transmission-6,661,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5309,no -661-domains_of_use-6,661,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5309,no -661-speaker_number_trends-6,661,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5309,no -661-vitality-6,661,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +661-LEI-6,661,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +661-transmission-6,661,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib5332,no +661-domains_of_use-6,661,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib5332,no +661-speaker_number_trends-6,661,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5332,no +661-vitality-6,661,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 662-location-1,662,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.5, -64.0]]}",,,bib216,no 662-location-2,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Amazonas state: Upper Jamary village; Mucuim River, Rio Açuã tributary",bib70,no -662-location-3,662,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.4496, -63.8195]]}",,,bib5307,no -662-location-4,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southern Amazonas State, Jurua, Jutay and Purus rivers area, Municipality of Humaita, Terra Indigena Ipixuna, Terra Indigena Nove de Janeiro.""}",,,bib1903,no +662-location-3,662,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.4496, -63.8195]]}",,,bib5330,no +662-location-4,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Southern Amazonas State, Jurua, Jutay and Purus rivers area, Municipality of Humaita, Terra Indigena Ipixuna, Terra Indigena Nove de Janeiro.""}",,,bib1915,no 662-location-5,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,western central Brazil,bib68,no -662-location-6,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +662-location-6,662,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 662-speaker_number-1,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"7; 5 speakers belong to one family, all married to Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau [urz]",bib70,no 662-speakers-1,662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"7; 5 speakers belong to one family, all married to Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau [urz]",bib70,no -662-speaker_number-2,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -662-speakers-2,662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -662-speakers-3,662,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib1903,no +662-speaker_number-2,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +662-speakers-2,662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +662-speakers-3,662,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,,bib1915,no 662-speaker_number-4,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,There were 300 [speakers] in 1940.,bib68,no 662-speakers-4,662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,There were 300 [speakers] in 1940.,bib68,no 662-speaker_number-5,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 662-speakers-5,662,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -662-speaker_number-6,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,yes -662-speakers-6,662,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,yes +662-speaker_number-6,662,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,yes +662-speakers-6,662,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,yes 662-LEI-1,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 662-vitality-1,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -662-LEI-2,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -662-vitality-2,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +662-LEI-2,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +662-vitality-2,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 662-LEI-3,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 662-transmission-3,662,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib68,no 662-speaker_number_trends-3,662,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib68,no 662-vitality-3,662,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib68,no 662-LEI-4,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 662-vitality-4,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -662-LEI-5,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -662-vitality-5,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +662-LEI-5,662,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +662-vitality-5,662,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 663-location-1,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, near Xingu River, near Altamira, at least one sizeable village.""}",,"Para State, near Xingu River, near Altamira, at least one sizeable village.",bib67,no -663-location-2,663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1347, -52.3388]]}",,,bib5307,no -663-location-3,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Spoken by about 380 persons in 3 villages, Ipixuna, Pakajã, Juafi, on the left bank of the Ipixuna River (lower Xingu) in the Terra Indígena Ipixuna, muniipio of Altamira, Pará state.",bib694,no -663-location-4,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern Para State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Arawete-Igarape, one village on the banks of the Igarape Ipixuna River, a right bank tributary of the Middle Xingu River""}",,,bib1903,no -663-location-5,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +663-location-2,663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.1347, -52.3388]]}",,,bib5330,no +663-location-3,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Spoken by about 380 persons in 3 villages, Ipixuna, Pakajã, Juafi, on the left bank of the Ipixuna River (lower Xingu) in the Terra Indígena Ipixuna, muniipio of Altamira, Pará state.",bib698,no +663-location-4,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern Para State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Arawete-Igarape, one village on the banks of the Igarape Ipixuna River, a right bank tributary of the Middle Xingu River""}",,,bib1915,no +663-location-5,663,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 663-speaker_number-1,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(2003 ISA). 280 (Moore 2006). Nearly all are monolingual (1986). Ethnic population: 300 (2003 ISA) (2013).",bib67,no 663-speakers-1,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""290"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(2003 ISA). 280 (Moore 2006). Nearly all are monolingual (1986). Ethnic population: 300 (2003 ISA) (2013).",bib67,no -663-speaker_number-2,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -663-speakers-2,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""339"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -663-speaker_number-3,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib694,no -663-speakers-3,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib694,no -663-speaker_number-4,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -663-speakers-4,663,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""278"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""278"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +663-speaker_number-2,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +663-speakers-2,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""339"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +663-speaker_number-3,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib698,no +663-speakers-3,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib698,no +663-speaker_number-4,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +663-speakers-4,663,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""278"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""278"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 663-speaker_number-5,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 663-speakers-5,663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""184"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -663-speaker_number-6,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,yes -663-speakers-6,663,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""339"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""339"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,yes +663-speaker_number-6,663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,yes +663-speakers-6,663,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""339"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""339"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,yes 663-LEI-1,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 663-vitality-1,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -663-LEI-2,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -663-vitality-2,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -663-LEI-3,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib694,no -663-vitality-3,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib694,no -663-LEI-4,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Arawete adults are monolingual speakers but Arawete under 30 speak and understand some Portuguese.,bib1903,no -663-vitality-4,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Arawete adults are monolingual speakers but Arawete under 30 speak and understand some Portuguese.,bib1903,no +663-LEI-2,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +663-vitality-2,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +663-LEI-3,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib698,no +663-vitality-3,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib698,no +663-LEI-4,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Arawete adults are monolingual speakers but Arawete under 30 speak and understand some Portuguese.,bib1915,no +663-vitality-4,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Arawete adults are monolingual speakers but Arawete under 30 speak and understand some Portuguese.,bib1915,no 663-LEI-5,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 663-vitality-5,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -663-LEI-6,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -663-vitality-6,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -6630-location-1,6630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.24093165, 116.0662998]]}",,,bib1182,no -6630-location-2,6630,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""-22.400872,118.068352""}",,"[Spoken at the] Hardey River, north of Ashburton River; Austin (1983a) situates the language further to the south.",bib7278,yes +663-LEI-6,663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +663-vitality-6,663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +6630-location-1,6630,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.24093165, 116.0662998]]}",,,bib1191,no +6630-location-2,6630,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""-22.400872,118.068352""}",,"[Spoken at the] Hardey River, north of Ashburton River; Austin (1983a) situates the language further to the south.",bib7302,yes 6630-location-3,6630,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.103734, 116.026382]]}",,"Spoken along the Wannery Creek and Ashburton River upstream of Thalanyji -and Pinikura",bib596,no -6630-speakers-1,6630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986""}",,Brandenstein (1967a) says there were 2 speakers. Austin (1986 p.c.) notes there were no speakers left.,bib7278,yes -6630-LEI-1,6630,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7278,yes -6630-vitality-1,6630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7278,yes -6631-location-1,6631,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.09, 151.588]]}",,,bib1182,no +and Pinikura",bib599,no +6630-speakers-1,6630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986""}",,Brandenstein (1967a) says there were 2 speakers. Austin (1986 p.c.) notes there were no speakers left.,bib7302,yes +6630-LEI-1,6630,LEI,Dormant,,,bib7302,yes +6630-vitality-1,6630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7302,yes +6631-location-1,6631,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.09, 151.588]]}",,,bib1191,no 6631-location-2,6631,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Lake Macquarie, south from Newcastle.""}",,,bib69,no -6631-speakers-1,6631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,no +6631-speakers-1,6631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,no 6631-speakers-2,6631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Established in 2002 as the Arwarbukarl Cultural Resource Association (ACRA), the currently named Miromaa Aboriginal Language & Technology Centre (MALTC) specialized in the ""[r]eclamation of the Awabakal language; conducting education in preschools, primary schools and high schools and bringing awareness to the importance that Awabakal language has on cultural identity.""",bib134,yes 6631-speakers-3,6631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Long extinct, but there are attempts at revival (Wurm 2007).",bib69,no -6631-LEI-1,6631,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,no -6631-vitality-1,6631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,no +6631-LEI-1,6631,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,no +6631-vitality-1,6631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,no 6631-LEI-2,6631,LEI,Awakening (),,Awabakal School Workshops are being conducted in a number of public schools.,bib134,yes 6631-vitality-2,6631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Awabakal School Workshops are being conducted in a number of public schools.,bib134,yes 6631-LEI-3,6631,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib69,no 6631-vitality-3,6631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib69,no -6632-location-1,6632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8213821, 139.0590511]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6632-speakers-1,6632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6632-LEI-1,6632,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6632-vitality-1,6632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -664-location-1,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8284,yes +6632-location-1,6632,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.8213821, 139.0590511]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6632-speakers-1,6632,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6632-LEI-1,6632,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6632-vitality-1,6632,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +664-location-1,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib8309,yes 664-location-2,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia, headwaters of the Rio Branco, tributary of the right bank of the Guapor\u00e9.""}",,"Rondonia, headwaters of the Rio Branco, tributary of the right bank of the Guaporé.",bib67,no 664-location-3,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,"Rondônia state; Rio Branco headwaters, Guaporé tributary",bib70,no -664-location-4,664,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0527, -64.7259]]}",,,bib5307,no -664-location-5,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern and western Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco""}",,,bib1903,no -664-location-6,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -664-speaker_number-1,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""One elderly speaker left"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes -664-speakers-1,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""One elderly speaker left"" (p. 1)",bib8284,yes +664-location-4,664,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0527, -64.7259]]}",,,bib5330,no +664-location-5,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern and western Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Posto Indigena Rio Guapore, Terra Indigena Rio Branco""}",,,bib1915,no +664-location-6,664,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +664-speaker_number-1,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""One elderly speaker left"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes +664-speakers-1,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""One elderly speaker left"" (p. 1)",bib8309,yes 664-speaker_number-2,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(1998 SIL). 2 (2009 FUNASA). Ethnic population: 32 (2009 FUNASA) (2013).",bib67,no @@ -60057,195 +60261,195 @@ and Pinikura",bib596,no 2 (2009 FUNASA). Ethnic population: 32 (2009 FUNASA) (2013).",bib67,no 664-speaker_number-3,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 664-speakers-3,664,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -664-speaker_number-4,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -664-speakers-4,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -664-speaker_number-5,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -664-speakers-5,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +664-speaker_number-4,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +664-speakers-4,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +664-speaker_number-5,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +664-speakers-5,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 664-speaker_number-6,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 664-speakers-6,664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -664-speaker_number-7,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1902,no -664-speakers-7,664,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1902,no -664-LEI-1,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only one elderly speaker.,bib8284,yes -664-vitality-1,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Only one elderly speaker.,bib8284,yes +664-speaker_number-7,664,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1914,no +664-speakers-7,664,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1914,no +664-LEI-1,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Only one elderly speaker.,bib8309,yes +664-vitality-1,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Only one elderly speaker.,bib8309,yes 664-LEI-2,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 664-vitality-2,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 664-LEI-3,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 664-transmission-3,664,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 664-speaker_number_trends-3,664,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 664-vitality-3,664,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -664-LEI-4,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -664-vitality-4,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -664-LEI-5,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -664-vitality-5,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +664-LEI-4,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +664-vitality-4,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +664-LEI-5,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +664-vitality-5,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 664-LEI-6,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 664-vitality-6,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -664-LEI-7,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -664-vitality-7,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6649-location-1,6649,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.99936857, 136.9137803]]}",,,bib1182,no +664-LEI-7,664,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +664-vitality-7,664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6649-location-1,6649,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.99936857, 136.9137803]]}",,,bib1191,no 6649-location-2,6649,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia, Port Lincoln to Spencer gulf head.""}",,,bib69,no -6649-speakers-1,6649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6649-speakers-1,6649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6649-speakers-2,6649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6649-speakers-3,6649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Members of the Barngarla community in South Australia's Eyre Peninsula are taking workshops to revive their endangered language.,bib5767,yes -6649-LEI-1,6649,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6649-vitality-1,6649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6649-speakers-3,6649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Members of the Barngarla community in South Australia's Eyre Peninsula are taking workshops to revive their endangered language.,bib5791,yes +6649-LEI-1,6649,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6649-vitality-1,6649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6649-LEI-2,6649,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6649-vitality-2,6649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6649-LEI-3,6649,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5767,yes -6649-vitality-3,6649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5767,yes +6649-LEI-3,6649,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5791,yes +6649-vitality-3,6649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5791,yes 665-location-1,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Rondonia, Rio Branco post, Branco and Guapor\u00e9 rivers.""}",,"Rondonia, Rio Branco post, Branco and Guaporé rivers.",bib67,no -665-location-2,665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0285, -64.7094]]}",,,bib5307,no -665-location-3,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Rio Branco, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore.""}",,,bib1903,no -665-location-4,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5252,yes -665-location-5,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no +665-location-2,665,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.0285, -64.7094]]}",,,bib5330,no +665-location-3,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, southern Rondonia State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Rio Branco, Posto Indigena Rio Guapore.""}",,,bib1915,no +665-location-4,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib5275,yes +665-location-5,665,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no 665-speaker_number-1,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from YWAM (1990). Data for the ethnic population comes from C. Jensen (2000). 12 (1990 Youth With A Mission). Ethnic population: 58 (Moore 2006) (20130.",bib67,no 665-speakers-1,665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from YWAM (1990). Data for the ethnic population comes from C. Jensen (2000). 12 (1990 Youth With A Mission). Ethnic population: 58 (Moore 2006) (20130.",bib67,no -665-speaker_number-2,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -665-speakers-2,665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -665-speaker_number-3,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -665-speakers-3,665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +665-speaker_number-2,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +665-speakers-2,665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +665-speaker_number-3,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +665-speakers-3,665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 665-speaker_number-4,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 665-speakers-4,665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -665-speaker_number-5,665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5252,yes -665-speakers-5,665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5252,yes -665-speaker_number-6,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,no -665-speakers-6,665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,no +665-speaker_number-5,665,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5275,yes +665-speakers-5,665,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5275,yes +665-speaker_number-6,665,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,no +665-speakers-6,665,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,no 665-LEI-1,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 665-vitality-1,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -665-LEI-2,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -665-vitality-2,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -665-LEI-3,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -665-vitality-3,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +665-LEI-2,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +665-vitality-2,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +665-LEI-3,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +665-vitality-3,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 665-LEI-4,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 665-vitality-4,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -665-LEI-5,665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5252,yes -665-transmission-5,665,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5252,yes -665-speaker_number_trends-5,665,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5252,yes -665-vitality-5,665,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5252,yes -665-LEI-6,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -665-vitality-6,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6650-location-1,6650,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.95018853, 139.5123499]]}",,,bib1182,yes +665-LEI-5,665,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5275,yes +665-transmission-5,665,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5275,yes +665-speaker_number_trends-5,665,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5275,yes +665-vitality-5,665,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5275,yes +665-LEI-6,665,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +665-vitality-6,665,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6650-location-1,6650,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.95018853, 139.5123499]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6650-location-2,6650,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia, Lake Blanche area, Lake Callabonn.""}",,,bib69,no -6650-speakers-1,6650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Most of the Pirlatapa were killed in the Mindiri massacre at Cooncherie in the 1880s (for a description and summary of other sources, see Flannery's 'The Future Eaters,' page 328).",bib1182,yes +6650-speakers-1,6650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Most of the Pirlatapa were killed in the Mindiri massacre at Cooncherie in the 1880s (for a description and summary of other sources, see Flannery's 'The Future Eaters,' page 328).",bib1191,yes 6650-speakers-2,6650,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No remaining speakers in the 1960s.,bib69,no -6650-LEI-1,6650,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6650-vitality-1,6650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6650-LEI-1,6650,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6650-vitality-1,6650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6650-LEI-2,6650,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6650-vitality-2,6650,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6651-location-1,6651,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.9, 134.95]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6651-location-1,6651,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-14.9, 134.95]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6651-location-2,6651,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, Roper river area.""}",,,bib69,no -6651-speakers-1,6651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6651-speakers-1,6651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6651-speakers-2,6651,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6651-LEI-1,6651,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6651-vitality-1,6651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6651-LEI-1,6651,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6651-vitality-1,6651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6651-LEI-2,6651,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6651-vitality-2,6651,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6652-location-1,6652,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.62742781, 117.8773554]]}",,,bib1182,no +6652-location-1,6652,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.62742781, 117.8773554]]}",,,bib1191,no 6652-location-2,6652,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, southeast of Mount Augustus, West Pilbara.""}",,,bib69,no -6652-location-3,6652,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.146754, 115.583954]]}",,Spoken along the Lyons River from Gascoyne Junction north to Edmund Station and Gifford Creek Station,bib596,yes -6652-speakers-1,6652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6652-location-3,6652,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.146754, 115.583954]]}",,Spoken along the Lyons River from Gascoyne Junction north to Edmund Station and Gifford Creek Station,bib599,yes +6652-speakers-1,6652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6652-speakers-2,6652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6652-speakers-3,6652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1+""}",,,bib596,yes -6652-LEI-1,6652,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6652-vitality-1,6652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6652-speakers-3,6652,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1+""}",,,bib599,yes +6652-LEI-1,6652,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6652-vitality-1,6652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6652-LEI-2,6652,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6652-vitality-2,6652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6652-LEI-3,6652,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib596,yes -6652-vitality-3,6652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib596,yes -6653-location-1,6653,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.97436706, 139.9133497]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6652-LEI-3,6652,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib599,yes +6652-vitality-3,6652,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib599,yes +6653-location-1,6653,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.97436706, 139.9133497]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6653-location-2,6653,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Burke river area, Dajarra.""}",,,bib69,no -6653-speakers-1,6653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6653-speakers-1,6653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6653-speakers-2,6653,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6653-LEI-1,6653,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6653-vitality-1,6653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6653-LEI-1,6653,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6653-vitality-1,6653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6653-LEI-2,6653,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6653-vitality-2,6653,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6654-location-1,6654,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.91558791, 153.2691386]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6654-location-1,6654,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.91558791, 153.2691386]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6654-location-2,6654,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Clarence river, Grafton.""}",,,bib69,no -6654-location-3,6654,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""The ancestors of the present day Yaegl people lived around the mouth of the Clarence River and spoke a language, Yaygirr that was closely related to Gumbaynggirr.""}",,,bib1751,no -6654-speakers-1,6654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6654-location-3,6654,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""The ancestors of the present day Yaegl people lived around the mouth of the Clarence River and spoke a language, Yaygirr that was closely related to Gumbaynggirr.""}",,,bib1763,no +6654-speakers-1,6654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6654-speakers-2,6654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6654-speakers-3,6654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,For many years the Yaegl Elders have dreamt of showing respect to the country of the Lower Clarence by restoring the language that this land speaks. [The Yaygirr Dictionary and Grammar released in 2012] has been developed with extensive community consultation to support them as they revive their language and culture and pass these on to their children.,bib1751,no -6654-LEI-1,6654,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6654-vitality-1,6654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6654-speakers-3,6654,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,For many years the Yaegl Elders have dreamt of showing respect to the country of the Lower Clarence by restoring the language that this land speaks. [The Yaygirr Dictionary and Grammar released in 2012] has been developed with extensive community consultation to support them as they revive their language and culture and pass these on to their children.,bib1763,no +6654-LEI-1,6654,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6654-vitality-1,6654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6654-LEI-2,6654,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6654-vitality-2,6654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6654-LEI-3,6654,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1751,no -6654-vitality-3,6654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1751,no -6656-location-1,6656,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.0469555, 144.8188789]]}",,,bib1182,no +6654-LEI-3,6654,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1763,no +6654-vitality-3,6654,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1763,no +6656-location-1,6656,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.0469555, 144.8188789]]}",,,bib1191,no 6656-location-2,6656,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Cohuna, Conargo, Deniliquin, Echuca, Tullah creek, Tuppal, Yielima, Gunbower, Murray river.""}",,,bib69,no -6656-location-3,6656,location,"{""Places"": [""Victoria, Australia"", ""New South Wales, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Traditional Yorta Yorta / Bangerang lands lie on both sides of the Murray River roughly from Echuca to Albury / Wodonga. They include towns such as Shepparton, Benalla and Wangaratta and extend northwards to just south of Denilquin. The claim seeks confirmation of the continuation of native title over forests and other public lands along the Murray and Goulburn Rivers. The [Yorta Yorta title] claim is lodged by 270 selected applicants, representing the 4,000- 4,500 living Yorta Yorta / Bangerang people.""}",,,bib3213,no -6656-speakers-1,6656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"There are no current full speakers but there is some knowledge of the language in the community, and community identity is strong.",bib1182,no +6656-location-3,6656,location,"{""Places"": [""Victoria, Australia"", ""New South Wales, Australia""], ""Description"": ""Traditional Yorta Yorta / Bangerang lands lie on both sides of the Murray River roughly from Echuca to Albury / Wodonga. They include towns such as Shepparton, Benalla and Wangaratta and extend northwards to just south of Denilquin. The claim seeks confirmation of the continuation of native title over forests and other public lands along the Murray and Goulburn Rivers. The [Yorta Yorta title] claim is lodged by 270 selected applicants, representing the 4,000- 4,500 living Yorta Yorta / Bangerang people.""}",,,bib3228,no +6656-speakers-1,6656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"There are no current full speakers but there is some knowledge of the language in the community, and community identity is strong.",bib1191,no 6656-speakers-2,6656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6656-speakers-3,6656,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000-4500""}",,,bib3213,no -6656-speakers-4,6656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Reviving Yorta Yorta is an important catalyst for tackling social disadvantage through improved confidence and aspiration. The revival of Yorta Yorta language is central to the community’s desire to have their cultural identity reaffirmed as a valued part of wider society.,bib589,yes -6656-LEI-1,6656,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6656-vitality-1,6656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6656-speakers-3,6656,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4000-4500""}",,,bib3228,no +6656-speakers-4,6656,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Reviving Yorta Yorta is an important catalyst for tackling social disadvantage through improved confidence and aspiration. The revival of Yorta Yorta language is central to the community’s desire to have their cultural identity reaffirmed as a valued part of wider society.,bib592,yes +6656-LEI-1,6656,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6656-vitality-1,6656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6656-LEI-2,6656,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6656-vitality-2,6656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6656-LEI-3,6656,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib589,yes -6656-vitality-3,6656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib589,yes -6657-location-1,6657,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.80771847, 146.5993475]]}",,,bib1182,no +6656-LEI-3,6656,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib592,yes +6656-vitality-3,6656,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib592,yes +6657-location-1,6657,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.80771847, 146.5993475]]}",,,bib1191,no 6657-location-2,6657,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland southeast of Charters Towers.""}",,,bib69,no -6657-location-3,6657,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.478349, 115.462875]]}",,"From between Lakes Monger and Moora north to Billybillong; west to Mullewa and Morawa; east to about Mount Magnet; at Yalgoo, upper Greenough River and Cheangwa.",bib7278,no -6657-speakers-1,6657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There are unlikely to be any current speakers of the language.,bib1182,no +6657-location-3,6657,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.478349, 115.462875]]}",,"From between Lakes Monger and Moora north to Billybillong; west to Mullewa and Morawa; east to about Mount Magnet; at Yalgoo, upper Greenough River and Cheangwa.",bib7302,no +6657-speakers-1,6657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There are unlikely to be any current speakers of the language.,bib1191,no 6657-speakers-2,6657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no 6657-speakers-3,6657,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Juru-Gnaro-Gia tribes of the coastal people between Ayr and Whitsunday and Proserpine speak The Birri-Gubba Language. Inland tribal groups of Biria and Janga & Wiri also speak Birri-Gubba Language with a slightly different dialect in some words, but communicate quite effectively. Our Language has been slowly introduced into schools, churches and youth groups and wider community. We have produced a set of Animal Language card games. We are now working on a dictionary book and also a storybook in Language and English.",bib42,yes -6657-LEI-1,6657,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6657-vitality-1,6657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6657-LEI-1,6657,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6657-vitality-1,6657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6657-LEI-2,6657,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6657-vitality-2,6657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 6657-LEI-3,6657,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib42,yes 6657-vitality-3,6657,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib42,yes -6659-location-1,6659,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.54363597, 150.1793725]]}",,,bib1182,no +6659-location-1,6659,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.54363597, 150.1793725]]}",,,bib1191,no 6659-location-2,6659,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Bermagui to Jervis bay.""}",,,bib69,no -6659-speakers-1,6659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -6659-speakers-2,6659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The language is being taught at Vincentia High School on the south coast of New South Wales.,bib4499,yes +6659-speakers-1,6659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +6659-speakers-2,6659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The language is being taught at Vincentia High School on the south coast of New South Wales.,bib4520,yes 6659-speakers-4,6659,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6659-LEI-1,6659,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6659-vitality-1,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6659-LEI-2,6659,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4499,yes -6659-vitality-2,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4499,yes -6659-LEI-3,6659,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2367,no -6659-vitality-3,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2367,no +6659-LEI-1,6659,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6659-vitality-1,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6659-LEI-2,6659,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib4520,yes +6659-vitality-2,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib4520,yes +6659-LEI-3,6659,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib2380,no +6659-vitality-3,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib2380,no 6659-LEI-4,6659,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6659-vitality-4,6659,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 666-location-1,666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.6666666667, -73.75]]}",,,bib216,no 666-location-2,666,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no -666-location-3,666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0986, -73.5424]]}",,,bib5307,no -666-location-4,666,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, northeast, southern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.""}",,,bib1903,no -666-location-5,666,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +666-location-3,666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.0986, -73.5424]]}",,,bib5330,no +666-location-4,666,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Colombia, northeast, southern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.""}",,,bib1915,no +666-location-5,666,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 666-speaker_number-1,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"14,800 (2001). 90%% monolingual. Ethnic population: 14,301",bib67,no 666-speakers-1,666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,301"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"14,800 (2001). 90%% monolingual. Ethnic population: 14,301",bib67,no -666-speaker_number-2,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -666-speakers-2,666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,799"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -666-speakers-3,666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~14,300""}",,,bib1903,no +666-speaker_number-2,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +666-speakers-2,666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,799"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +666-speakers-3,666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~14,300""}",,,bib1915,no 666-speaker_number-4,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 666-speakers-4,666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,301"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -666-speaker_number-5,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1902,yes -666-speakers-5,666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,799"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,799"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1902,yes +666-speaker_number-5,666,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1914,yes +666-speakers-5,666,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,799"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,799"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1914,yes 666-LEI-1,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 666-vitality-1,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -666-LEI-2,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -666-vitality-2,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +666-LEI-2,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +666-vitality-2,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 666-LEI-3,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 666-vitality-3,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -666-LEI-4,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -666-vitality-4,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -6660-location-1,6660,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.976028, 130.946883]]}",,,bib7945,yes -6660-speakers-1,6660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7945,yes -6660-LEI-1,6660,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7945,yes -6660-vitality-1,6660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7945,yes -6661-location-1,6661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.11729919, 145.810382]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6661-speakers-1,6661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,There are unlikely to be any speakers of the language anymore.,bib1182,yes -6661-LEI-1,6661,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6661-vitality-1,6661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6663-location-1,6663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.19248937, 135.4089344]]}",,,bib1182,no +666-LEI-4,666,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +666-vitality-4,666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +6660-location-1,6660,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.976028, 130.946883]]}",,,bib7970,yes +6660-speakers-1,6660,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7970,yes +6660-LEI-1,6660,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7970,yes +6660-vitality-1,6660,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7970,yes +6661-location-1,6661,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-15.11729919, 145.810382]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6661-speakers-1,6661,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,There are unlikely to be any speakers of the language anymore.,bib1191,yes +6661-LEI-1,6661,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6661-vitality-1,6661,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6663-location-1,6663,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.19248937, 135.4089344]]}",,,bib1191,no 6663-location-2,6663,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -6663-speakers-1,6663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300""}",,,bib5307,no +6663-speakers-1,6663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300""}",,,bib5330,no 6663-speaker_number-2,6663,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,50 speakers of Mangalili variety.,bib34,yes 6663-speakers-2,6663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""321"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,50 speakers of Mangalili variety.,bib34,yes 6663-speakers-3,6663,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450""}",,,bib233,no @@ -60255,131 +60459,131 @@ and Pinikura",bib596,no 6663-vitality-1,6663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,yes 6663-LEI-2,6663,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6663-vitality-2,6663,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6664-location-1,6664,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.50201585, 138.1018386]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6664-location-1,6664,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.50201585, 138.1018386]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6664-location-2,6664,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia, south Yorke Peninsula.""}",,,bib69,no -6664-speakers-1,6664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6664-speakers-1,6664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6664-speakers-2,6664,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6664-LEI-1,6664,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6664-vitality-1,6664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6664-LEI-1,6664,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6664-vitality-1,6664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6664-LEI-2,6664,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6664-vitality-2,6664,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6666-location-1,6666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.99121804, 141.7166807]]}",,,bib1182,no -6666-location-2,6666,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,"As near as we can determine, the Linngithig subgroup of the Winduwinda were originally located southwest of the Embley River on the west side of the Hey River, on Cape York Peninsula.",bib3231,yes -6666-speakers-1,6666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,It is very probable that Linngithig is no longer spoken. The most knowledgeable speaker... passed away several years ago.,bib3231,yes -6666-LEI-1,6666,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3231,yes -6666-vitality-1,6666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3231,yes -6668-location-1,6668,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.94962694, 139.8185645]]}",,,bib1182,no +6666-location-1,6666,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.99121804, 141.7166807]]}",,,bib1191,no +6666-location-2,6666,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,"As near as we can determine, the Linngithig subgroup of the Winduwinda were originally located southwest of the Embley River on the west side of the Hey River, on Cape York Peninsula.",bib3246,yes +6666-speakers-1,6666,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,It is very probable that Linngithig is no longer spoken. The most knowledgeable speaker... passed away several years ago.,bib3246,yes +6666-LEI-1,6666,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3246,yes +6666-vitality-1,6666,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3246,yes +6668-location-1,6668,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.94962694, 139.8185645]]}",,,bib1191,no 6668-location-2,6668,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia""}",,,bib69,no -6668-location-3,6668,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib2815,yes -6668-speakers-1,6668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6668-location-3,6668,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib2829,yes +6668-speakers-1,6668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6668-speaker_number-2,6668,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,census,bib69,no 6668-speakers-2,6668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,census,bib69,no -6668-speakers-3,6668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Ngarrindjeri language was last spoken by a few Elders in full sentences in the mid 1960s. Then in 1964 and 1965, several groups of Ngarrindjeri people went to Batchelor in the NT to relearn their language with the linguist Steve Johnson at the School of Australian Linguistics.. Then in the mid 1990s some schools started teaching Ngarrindjeri, but still it was putting words into English sentences. In 2004 - 2005 a Draft school language curriculum was compiled comprising Ngarrindjeri words, with minimal grammar. Ngarrindjeri is now being taught at Murray Bridge High School, Murray Bridge North JP, Raukkan Aboriginal school & Winkie Primary School in the Riverland.",bib2815,yes -6668-LEI-1,6668,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6668-vitality-1,6668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6668-speakers-3,6668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Ngarrindjeri language was last spoken by a few Elders in full sentences in the mid 1960s. Then in 1964 and 1965, several groups of Ngarrindjeri people went to Batchelor in the NT to relearn their language with the linguist Steve Johnson at the School of Australian Linguistics.. Then in the mid 1990s some schools started teaching Ngarrindjeri, but still it was putting words into English sentences. In 2004 - 2005 a Draft school language curriculum was compiled comprising Ngarrindjeri words, with minimal grammar. Ngarrindjeri is now being taught at Murray Bridge High School, Murray Bridge North JP, Raukkan Aboriginal school & Winkie Primary School in the Riverland.",bib2829,yes +6668-LEI-1,6668,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6668-vitality-1,6668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6668-LEI-2,6668,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6668-vitality-2,6668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6668-LEI-3,6668,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2815,yes -6668-vitality-3,6668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2815,yes -667-context-1,667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shiri\u00e1n, Ninam"", ""Government Support"": ""Declared an official language of Venezuela in 2008"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The remaining speakers have a positive attitude about Arutani, but few chances to use it.""}",,,bib3964,yes -667-location-1,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1613,no +6668-LEI-3,6668,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2829,yes +6668-vitality-3,6668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2829,yes +667-context-1,667,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shiri\u00e1n, Ninam"", ""Government Support"": ""Declared an official language of Venezuela in 2008"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""The remaining speakers have a positive attitude about Arutani, but few chances to use it.""}",,,bib3984,yes +667-location-1,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1625,no 667-location-2,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -667-location-3,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Uru\u00e1k (a.k.a. Awak\u00e9, Ahuaqu\u00e9, Urutani, Arutani) was spoken on the upper Paragua and Urarica\u00e1 rivers near Mount Urutani of the Venezuela-\nBrazil border.""}",,,bib1458,no -667-location-4,667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.9957, -63.5888]]}",,,bib5307,no -667-location-5,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1903,no -667-location-6,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken along the Paragua and Uraric\u00e1a rivers & tributaries on the Venezuelan-Brazilian border""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.07, -62.87], [3.85, -62.58]]}",,,bib3964,yes -667-speaker_number-1,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There is one speaker remaining, she lives in Sauba, a villiage in the Brazilian Amazon.",bib1613,no -667-speakers-1,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There is one speaker remaining, she lives in Sauba, a villiage in the Brazilian Amazon.",bib1613,no +667-location-3,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela, Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Uru\u00e1k (a.k.a. Awak\u00e9, Ahuaqu\u00e9, Urutani, Arutani) was spoken on the upper Paragua and Urarica\u00e1 rivers near Mount Urutani of the Venezuela-\nBrazil border.""}",,,bib1470,no +667-location-4,667,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.9957, -63.5888]]}",,,bib5330,no +667-location-5,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1915,no +667-location-6,667,location,"{""Places"": [""Traditionally spoken along the Paragua and Uraric\u00e1a rivers & tributaries on the Venezuelan-Brazilian border""], ""Coordinates"": [[4.07, -62.87], [3.85, -62.58]]}",,,bib3984,yes +667-speaker_number-1,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There is one speaker remaining, she lives in Sauba, a villiage in the Brazilian Amazon.",bib1625,no +667-speakers-1,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2019"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"There is one speaker remaining, she lives in Sauba, a villiage in the Brazilian Amazon.",bib1625,no 667-speaker_number-2,667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"There are 17 speakers in Brazil (SIL 1986). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 667-speakers-2,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""42"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"There are 17 speakers in Brazil (SIL 1986). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -667-speaker_number-3,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3266,no -667-speakers-3,667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""29 in Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3266,no -667-speakers-4,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2?""}",,"Perhaps one or two semi-speakers? Uruák’s status is in doubt; it appears unlikely that any speakers remain; however, this needs urgently to be confirmed. Only 5 remaining speakers were reported in the 1960s, intermarried with Ninam (Yanomaman) speakers (Migliazza 1978:135). Coppens (1970b) reported that the Uruák were highly integrated into Sanuma (Yanomaman) culture and spoke Sanuma in their daily conversations. Laura Perozo (2008:774-5) reported that the sociocultural research team found no speakers of Uruák, but they did encounter one person in the village of Karukén who claimed to be a speaker of both Uruák and Sapé, though it was not possible to verify this.",bib1458,no -667-speaker_number-5,667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -667-speakers-5,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -667-speaker_number-6,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1903,no -667-speakers-6,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1903,no +667-speaker_number-3,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3282,no +667-speakers-3,667,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""29 in Venezuela"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3282,no +667-speakers-4,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2?""}",,"Perhaps one or two semi-speakers? Uruák’s status is in doubt; it appears unlikely that any speakers remain; however, this needs urgently to be confirmed. Only 5 remaining speakers were reported in the 1960s, intermarried with Ninam (Yanomaman) speakers (Migliazza 1978:135). Coppens (1970b) reported that the Uruák were highly integrated into Sanuma (Yanomaman) culture and spoke Sanuma in their daily conversations. Laura Perozo (2008:774-5) reported that the sociocultural research team found no speakers of Uruák, but they did encounter one person in the village of Karukén who claimed to be a speaker of both Uruák and Sapé, though it was not possible to verify this.",bib1470,no +667-speaker_number-5,667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +667-speakers-5,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +667-speaker_number-6,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1915,no +667-speakers-6,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1985"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1915,no 667-speaker_number-7,667,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 667-speakers-7,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -667-speaker_number-8,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker numbers have decreased due to disease, interethnic conflict, and intermarriage with larger groups.",bib3964,yes -667-speakers-8,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 in Sa\u00faba, Brazil and 4 in Upper Paragua, Venezuela"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker numbers have decreased due to disease, interethnic conflict, and intermarriage with larger groups.",bib3964,yes -667-LEI-1,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1613,no -667-vitality-1,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1613,no +667-speaker_number-8,667,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker numbers have decreased due to disease, interethnic conflict, and intermarriage with larger groups.",bib3984,yes +667-speakers-8,667,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 in Sa\u00faba, Brazil and 4 in Upper Paragua, Venezuela"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2017"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker numbers have decreased due to disease, interethnic conflict, and intermarriage with larger groups.",bib3984,yes +667-LEI-1,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1625,no +667-vitality-1,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1625,no 667-LEI-2,667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 667-vitality-2,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -667-LEI-3,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3266,no -667-vitality-3,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3266,no -667-LEI-4,667,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1458,no -667-vitality-4,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1458,no -667-LEI-5,667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -667-vitality-5,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -667-LEI-6,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -667-vitality-6,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +667-LEI-3,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3282,no +667-vitality-3,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3282,no +667-LEI-4,667,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1470,no +667-vitality-4,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1470,no +667-LEI-5,667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +667-vitality-5,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +667-LEI-6,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +667-vitality-6,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 667-LEI-7,667,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 667-vitality-7,667,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -667-LEI-8,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3964,yes -667-transmission-8,667,transmission,5,transmission-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3964,yes -667-domains_of_use-8,667,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3964,yes -667-speaker_number_trends-8,667,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3964,yes -667-vitality-8,667,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3964,yes -6670-location-1,6670,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-32.71595341, 138.0903099]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6670-speakers-1,6670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6670-LEI-1,6670,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6670-vitality-1,6670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6671-location-1,6671,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.46683576, 151.5553039]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6671-speakers-1,6671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6671-LEI-1,6671,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6671-vitality-1,6671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6672-location-1,6672,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.22172997, 113.7508572]]}",,,bib1182,yes +667-LEI-8,667,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3984,yes +667-transmission-8,667,transmission,5,transmission-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3984,yes +667-domains_of_use-8,667,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3984,yes +667-speaker_number_trends-8,667,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3984,yes +667-vitality-8,667,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Arutani is believed to be either gravely endangered or dormant.,bib3984,yes +6670-location-1,6670,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-32.71595341, 138.0903099]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6670-speakers-1,6670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6670-LEI-1,6670,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6670-vitality-1,6670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6671-location-1,6671,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.46683576, 151.5553039]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6671-speakers-1,6671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6671-LEI-1,6671,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6671-vitality-1,6671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6672-location-1,6672,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.22172997, 113.7508572]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6672-location-2,6672,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Shark Bay, south of Wooramel river to Hamelin Pool area.""}",,,bib69,no -6672-location-3,6672,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.369725, 114.207945]]}",,"[Spoken at] Shark Bay, south of Wooramel River; southern boundary near Hamelin Pool.",bib7278,no -6672-speakers-1,6672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6672-location-3,6672,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-26.369725, 114.207945]]}",,"[Spoken at] Shark Bay, south of Wooramel River; southern boundary near Hamelin Pool.",bib7302,no +6672-speakers-1,6672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6672-speakers-2,6672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6672-speaker_number-3,6672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two or three speakers.",bib7278,no -6672-speakers-3,6672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two or three speakers.",bib7278,no -6672-LEI-1,6672,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6672-vitality-1,6672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6672-speaker_number-3,6672,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two or three speakers.",bib7302,no +6672-speakers-3,6672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2-3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966): two or three speakers.",bib7302,no +6672-LEI-1,6672,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6672-vitality-1,6672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6672-LEI-2,6672,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6672-vitality-2,6672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6672-LEI-3,6672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,no -6672-vitality-3,6672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,no -6674-location-1,6674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.95824, 143.2032]]}",,,bib7945,no -6674-location-2,6674,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""near the mouths of the Fly, Armia and Bamu rivers in Western Province of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3265,yes +6672-LEI-3,6672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,no +6672-vitality-3,6672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,no +6674-location-1,6674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-7.95824, 143.2032]]}",,,bib7970,no +6674-location-2,6674,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""near the mouths of the Fly, Armia and Bamu rivers in Western Province of Papua New Guinea""}",,,bib3281,yes 6674-location-3,6674,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Western Province, lower Aramia River, Waya, Saiwase, Galu, Alagi villages; Bamu River, Alikinapi village; lower Fly River, Kenedibi, Urio, Wagumi-Sarau villages; Segero Creek, Segero village""}",,,bib67,no -6674-speaker_number-1,6674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3265,yes -6674-speakers-1,6674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3265,yes +6674-speaker_number-1,6674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3281,yes +6674-speakers-1,6674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3281,yes 6674-speaker_number-2,6674,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,SIL 2002,bib67,no 6674-speakers-2,6674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,SIL 2002,bib67,no -6674-LEI-1,6674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3265,yes -6674-vitality-1,6674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3265,yes +6674-LEI-1,6674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3281,yes +6674-vitality-1,6674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3281,yes 6674-LEI-2,6674,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6674-vitality-2,6674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -6677-location-1,6677,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.44632223, 145.8369926]]}",,,bib1182,no -6677-speakers-1,6677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -6677-speakers-2,6677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Boon wurrung language program has been going for approximately 6 years. It is focused on bringing our language back to having a voice once again so that it can be passed on to the next generations.,bib7029,yes -6677-LEI-1,6677,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6677-vitality-1,6677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6677-LEI-2,6677,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7029,yes -6677-vitality-2,6677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7029,yes -6678-location-1,6678,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.11470744, 150.4952383]]}",,,bib1182,no +6677-location-1,6677,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.44632223, 145.8369926]]}",,,bib1191,no +6677-speakers-1,6677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +6677-speakers-2,6677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Boon wurrung language program has been going for approximately 6 years. It is focused on bringing our language back to having a voice once again so that it can be passed on to the next generations.,bib7053,yes +6677-LEI-1,6677,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6677-vitality-1,6677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6677-LEI-2,6677,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7053,yes +6677-vitality-2,6677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7053,yes +6678-location-1,6678,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.11470744, 150.4952383]]}",,,bib1191,no 6678-location-2,6678,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Cessnock, Colo river, Hawkesbury river, Hunter river, Jerry\u2019s plain, Macdonald river, Putty, Rylstone, Wisemans ferry, Wollombi.""}",,,bib69,no -6678-speakers-1,6678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6678-speakers-1,6678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6678-speaker_number-2,6678,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,A few speakers reported in 2008.,bib69,no 6678-speakers-2,6678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,A few speakers reported in 2008.,bib69,no -6678-speakers-3,6678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre (MRALC) has been working to revitalize the language.,bib574,yes -6678-LEI-1,6678,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6678-vitality-1,6678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6678-speakers-3,6678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre (MRALC) has been working to revitalize the language.,bib577,yes +6678-LEI-1,6678,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6678-vitality-1,6678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6678-LEI-2,6678,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6678-vitality-2,6678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6678-LEI-3,6678,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib574,yes -6678-vitality-3,6678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib574,yes +6678-LEI-3,6678,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib577,yes +6678-vitality-3,6678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib577,yes 668-location-1,668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.0, -59.5]]}",,,bib216,no 668-location-2,668,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil"", ""Guyana""], ""Description"": ""Kapong language area (Cap\u00f3n, Akawayo, Akawaio, Acahuayo, Acewaio,\nAkawai, Acawayo, Acahuayo, Waic\u00e1, Ingaric\u00f3, Patamona,)\nGuyana, Brazil, Venezuela""}",,"Mazaruni River basin, north of Patamona.",bib67,no 668-location-3,668,location,"{""Places"": [""Guayan, Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,,bib70,no -668-location-4,668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3753, -60.5126]]}",,,bib5307,no -668-location-5,668,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,yes +668-location-4,668,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.3753, -60.5126]]}",,,bib5330,no +668-location-5,668,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana, Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,yes 668-speaker_number-1,668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnologue distinguishes Akawaio [ake] and Patamona [pbc] as separate languages: Akawaio [ake]: 4,500 in Guyana (2002 SIL). @@ -60396,8 +60600,8 @@ Patamona [pbc]: 4950? total. In Guyana: 4700 (Forte 1990), ethnic population 500 Akawaio [ake]: 5350 total. In Guyana: 4500 (2002 SIL), ethnic population 5000 (Crevels 2007); in Brazil: 670 (Moore 2006); in Venezuela 180 (2001 census), 810 ethnic populations (1993 OCEI). Patamona [pbc]: 4950? total. In Guyana: 4700 (Forte 1990), ethnic population 5000 (2000 J. Forte); in Brazil 50 ?, ethnic population: 50 (Crevels 2007); in Venezuela: 200?, ethnic population 200 (Crevels 2007).",bib70,no -668-speaker_number-3,668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -668-speakers-3,668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +668-speaker_number-3,668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +668-speakers-3,668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,970"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 668-speaker_number-4,668,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 668-speakers-4,668,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 668-speaker_number-5,668,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ingarikó (Akawayo, Kapon) 1,170 speakers and population in Brazil (2007); @@ -60405,279 +60609,279 @@ Akawayo (Kapon) <5,000 speakers, 5,000 population in Guayana (2000); Akawayo (Kapon) 180 speakers, 245 population Venezuela (2001); Patamona (Kapon, Akawayo) ? speakers, 87 population in Brazil (2006); Patamona (Kapon) 5,000 speakers and population Guayana (2000); -Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1902,yes +Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1914,yes 668-speakers-5,668,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,615"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<11,550"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007; 2006; 2001; 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Ingarikó (Akawayo, Kapon) 1,170 speakers and population in Brazil (2007); Akawayo (Kapon) <5,000 speakers, 5,000 population in Guayana (2000); Akawayo (Kapon) 180 speakers, 245 population Venezuela (2001); Patamona (Kapon, Akawayo) ? speakers, 87 population in Brazil (2006); Patamona (Kapon) 5,000 speakers and population Guayana (2000); -Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1902,yes +Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1914,yes 668-LEI-1,668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 668-vitality-1,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 668-LEI-2,668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 668-vitality-2,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -668-LEI-3,668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -668-vitality-3,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +668-LEI-3,668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +668-vitality-3,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 668-LEI-4,668,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 668-vitality-4,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -668-LEI-5,668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -668-vitality-5,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes -6680-location-1,6680,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.9039922, 148.0814757]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6680-speakers-1,6680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6680-LEI-1,6680,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6680-vitality-1,6680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6681-location-1,6681,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.76946368, 149.6767454]]}",,,bib1182,yes +668-LEI-5,668,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +668-vitality-5,668,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes +6680-location-1,6680,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-23.9039922, 148.0814757]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6680-speakers-1,6680,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6680-LEI-1,6680,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6680-vitality-1,6680,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6681-location-1,6681,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.76946368, 149.6767454]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6681-location-2,6681,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Berrima, Camden, Goulburn, Wollondilly.""}",,,bib69,no -6681-speakers-1,6681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"A PhD is in progress at present, and speakers are working on a language program. There are a few people with some knowledge of the language.",bib1182,yes +6681-speakers-1,6681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"A PhD is in progress at present, and speakers are working on a language program. There are a few people with some knowledge of the language.",bib1191,yes 6681-speakers-2,6681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6681-LEI-1,6681,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6681-vitality-1,6681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6681-LEI-1,6681,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6681-vitality-1,6681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6681-LEI-2,6681,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6681-vitality-2,6681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6682-location-1,6682,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.0079515, 148.5035148]]}",,,bib1182,no +6682-location-1,6682,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.0079515, 148.5035148]]}",,,bib1191,no 6682-location-2,6682,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Booroowa, Canberra, Goulburn, Queanbeyan, Shoalhaven river, Tumut, Yass.""}",,,bib69,no -6682-location-3,6682,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib820,yes -6682-speakers-1,6682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6682-location-3,6682,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib824,yes +6682-speakers-1,6682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6682-speakers-2,6682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6682-speakers-3,6682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group and The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) are in partnership to deliver a cooperative research agreement to revitalise the Ngunawal language of the ACT and South East NSW.,bib820,yes -6682-LEI-1,6682,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6682-vitality-1,6682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6682-speakers-3,6682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group and The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) are in partnership to deliver a cooperative research agreement to revitalise the Ngunawal language of the ACT and South East NSW.,bib824,yes +6682-LEI-1,6682,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6682-vitality-1,6682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6682-LEI-2,6682,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6682-vitality-2,6682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6682-LEI-3,6682,LEI,Awakening (),,"The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group, comprises a number of Ngunawal family groups and Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporations – Thunderstone Cultural and Land Management Services Aboriginal Corporation, Koomurri Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporation and Ngunawal Heritage Aboriginal Corporation – are working with AIATSIS to develop a language program for primary and secondary school students and teachers.",bib820,yes -6682-vitality-3,6682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group, comprises a number of Ngunawal family groups and Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporations – Thunderstone Cultural and Land Management Services Aboriginal Corporation, Koomurri Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporation and Ngunawal Heritage Aboriginal Corporation – are working with AIATSIS to develop a language program for primary and secondary school students and teachers.",bib820,yes +6682-LEI-3,6682,LEI,Awakening (),,"The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group, comprises a number of Ngunawal family groups and Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporations – Thunderstone Cultural and Land Management Services Aboriginal Corporation, Koomurri Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporation and Ngunawal Heritage Aboriginal Corporation – are working with AIATSIS to develop a language program for primary and secondary school students and teachers.",bib824,yes +6682-vitality-3,6682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"The Ngaiyuriija Ngunawal Language Group, comprises a number of Ngunawal family groups and Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporations – Thunderstone Cultural and Land Management Services Aboriginal Corporation, Koomurri Ngunawal Aboriginal Corporation and Ngunawal Heritage Aboriginal Corporation – are working with AIATSIS to develop a language program for primary and secondary school students and teachers.",bib824,yes 6684-location-1,6684,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Sydney Peninsula (north of Botany Bay, south of Port Jackson, west to Parramatta), as well as the country to the north of Port Jackson, possibly as far as Broken Bay (Attenbrow 2002:34)."", ""Coordinates"": [[-33.899572, 151.206704]]}",,,bib34,yes 6684-speakers-1,6684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Attenbrow (2002) says that the term ""Eora"" is now used to refer to the original inhabitants of the area between Port Jackson and Botany Bay, or sometimes the entire Sydney region, and the language of this area was a (coastal) dialect of Darug.",bib34,yes 6684-LEI-1,6684,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib34,yes 6684-vitality-1,6684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib34,yes -6686-location-1,6686,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.52925837, 150.3490464]]}",,,bib1182,no +6686-location-1,6686,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.52925837, 150.3490464]]}",,,bib1191,no 6686-location-2,6686,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Camden, Campbelltown, Hawkesbury river, Liverpool, Mount Victoria, Penrith, Windsor, Sydney.""}",,,bib69,no -6686-speakers-1,6686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -6686-speakers-2,6686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The language is being taught at Chifley College Dunheved Campus.,bib3045,yes +6686-speakers-1,6686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +6686-speakers-2,6686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The language is being taught at Chifley College Dunheved Campus.,bib3059,yes 6686-speakers-3,6686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6686-LEI-1,6686,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6686-vitality-1,6686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6686-LEI-2,6686,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3045,yes -6686-vitality-2,6686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3045,yes +6686-LEI-1,6686,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6686-vitality-1,6686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6686-LEI-2,6686,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib3059,yes +6686-vitality-2,6686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib3059,yes 6686-LEI-3,6686,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6686-vitality-3,6686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6688-location-1,6688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.34838816, 116.3545867]]}",,,bib1182,no -6688-location-2,6688,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.495598, 116.354485]]}",,"[Spoken in] Kojonup, Collie, Donnybrook, Greenbushes; south of Collie River to Collie; north to Harvey.",bib7278,yes -6688-speakers-1,6688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7278,yes -6688-LEI-1,6688,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7278,yes -6688-vitality-1,6688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7278,yes -6689-context-1,6689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Martu Wangka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib1584,yes -6689-location-1,6689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.27912297, 121.7321284]]}",,,bib1182,no -6689-location-2,6689,location,"{""Description"": ""Traditionally Kartujarra country is located around the area of Jigalong Community in the western area of the Pilbara region of Western Australia... Most Kartujarra speakers [now] live in the communities of Parnngurr and Jigalong in the central Great Sandy Desert region. Other people live in Punmu and Parnpajinya Communities.""}",,,bib1584,yes -6689-speaker_number-1,6689,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 400 speakers of the Kartujarra language. There may be far fewer than that number now as most children of Kartujarra people speak Martu Wangka which combines elements of Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Kartujarra speakers may not speak an unaltered form of the language and may be unable to identify Kartujarra elements. In 2006, Kartujarra speakers identified only five people who could still speak a pure form of the language.",bib1584,yes -6689-speakers-1,6689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 400 speakers of the Kartujarra language. There may be far fewer than that number now as most children of Kartujarra people speak Martu Wangka which combines elements of Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Kartujarra speakers may not speak an unaltered form of the language and may be unable to identify Kartujarra elements. In 2006, Kartujarra speakers identified only five people who could still speak a pure form of the language.",bib1584,yes -6689-LEI-1,6689,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1584,yes -6689-vitality-1,6689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1584,yes +6688-location-1,6688,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.34838816, 116.3545867]]}",,,bib1191,no +6688-location-2,6688,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.495598, 116.354485]]}",,"[Spoken in] Kojonup, Collie, Donnybrook, Greenbushes; south of Collie River to Collie; north to Harvey.",bib7302,yes +6688-speakers-1,6688,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7302,yes +6688-LEI-1,6688,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7302,yes +6688-vitality-1,6688,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7302,yes +6689-context-1,6689,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Martu Wangka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib1596,yes +6689-location-1,6689,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.27912297, 121.7321284]]}",,,bib1191,no +6689-location-2,6689,location,"{""Description"": ""Traditionally Kartujarra country is located around the area of Jigalong Community in the western area of the Pilbara region of Western Australia... Most Kartujarra speakers [now] live in the communities of Parnngurr and Jigalong in the central Great Sandy Desert region. Other people live in Punmu and Parnpajinya Communities.""}",,,bib1596,yes +6689-speaker_number-1,6689,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 400 speakers of the Kartujarra language. There may be far fewer than that number now as most children of Kartujarra people speak Martu Wangka which combines elements of Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Kartujarra speakers may not speak an unaltered form of the language and may be unable to identify Kartujarra elements. In 2006, Kartujarra speakers identified only five people who could still speak a pure form of the language.",bib1596,yes +6689-speakers-1,6689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 400 speakers of the Kartujarra language. There may be far fewer than that number now as most children of Kartujarra people speak Martu Wangka which combines elements of Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Kartujarra speakers may not speak an unaltered form of the language and may be unable to identify Kartujarra elements. In 2006, Kartujarra speakers identified only five people who could still speak a pure form of the language.",bib1596,yes +6689-LEI-1,6689,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1596,yes +6689-vitality-1,6689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1596,yes 669-location-1,669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.6666666667, -60.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 669-location-2,669,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib67,no -669-location-3,669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.651, -60.3918]]}",,,bib5307,no -669-location-4,669,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a mixed community in the state of Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil, together with Koai\u00e1 (isolate) and Latund\u00ea\n(Nambikwaran).""}",,,bib1902,no +669-location-3,669,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.651, -60.3918]]}",,,bib5330,no +669-location-4,669,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a mixed community in the state of Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil, together with Koai\u00e1 (isolate) and Latund\u00ea\n(Nambikwaran).""}",,,bib1914,no 669-speakers-1,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""180"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005""}",,,bib67,no -669-speaker_number-2,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -669-speakers-2,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -669-speaker_number-3,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8279,yes -669-speakers-3,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8279,yes -669-speaker_number-4,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -669-speakers-4,669,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +669-speaker_number-2,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +669-speakers-2,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +669-speaker_number-3,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib8304,yes +669-speakers-3,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib8304,yes +669-speaker_number-4,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +669-speakers-4,669,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 669-speaker_number-5,669,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 669-speakers-5,669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -669-speaker_number-6,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -669-speakers-6,669,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -669-LEI-1,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -669-vitality-1,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -669-LEI-2,669,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8279,yes -669-transmission-2,669,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8279,yes -669-speaker_number_trends-2,669,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib8279,yes -669-vitality-2,669,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8279,yes -669-LEI-3,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -669-vitality-3,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +669-speaker_number-6,669,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +669-speakers-6,669,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +669-LEI-1,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +669-vitality-1,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +669-LEI-2,669,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8304,yes +669-transmission-2,669,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib8304,yes +669-speaker_number_trends-2,669,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib8304,yes +669-vitality-2,669,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib8304,yes +669-LEI-3,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +669-vitality-3,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 669-LEI-4,669,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 669-vitality-4,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -669-LEI-5,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -669-vitality-5,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -6692-location-1,6692,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.17852418, 141.5751913]]}",,,bib1182,yes +669-LEI-5,669,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +669-vitality-5,669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +6692-location-1,6692,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.17852418, 141.5751913]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6692-location-2,6692,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland""}",,,bib69,no -6692-speakers-1,6692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6692-speakers-1,6692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6692-speakers-2,6692,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. Last speaker died in the early 1970s.,bib69,no -6692-LEI-1,6692,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6692-vitality-1,6692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6692-LEI-1,6692,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6692-vitality-1,6692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6692-LEI-2,6692,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6692-vitality-2,6692,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6693-location-1,6693,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.471266, 143.422444]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6693-speakers-1,6693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6693-LEI-1,6693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6693-vitality-1,6693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6694-location-1,6694,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.62635582, 147.8838803]]}",,,bib1182,no +6693-location-1,6693,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.471266, 143.422444]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6693-speakers-1,6693,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6693-LEI-1,6693,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6693-vitality-1,6693,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6694-location-1,6694,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.62635582, 147.8838803]]}",,,bib1191,no 6694-location-2,6694,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria: almost all of Gippsland from Inverloch to Cann river.""}",,,bib69,no -6694-speakers-1,6694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,no +6694-speakers-1,6694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,no 6694-speaker_number-2,6694,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6694-speakers-2,6694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6694-speakers-3,6694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Yirruk-Tinnor Gunnai / Kŭrnai Language Program has been running for approximately 20 years and over that time it has had an enourmous amount of success in regaining the Gunnai Language of Gippsland.,bib5789,yes -6694-LEI-1,6694,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,no -6694-vitality-1,6694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,no +6694-speakers-3,6694,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Yirruk-Tinnor Gunnai / Kŭrnai Language Program has been running for approximately 20 years and over that time it has had an enourmous amount of success in regaining the Gunnai Language of Gippsland.,bib5813,yes +6694-LEI-1,6694,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,no +6694-vitality-1,6694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,no 6694-LEI-2,6694,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6694-vitality-2,6694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6694-LEI-3,6694,LEI,Awakening (),,"Students are actively encouraged to participate in the process of revival and reclamation of a Victorian Indigenous Language of significance to themselves or to their local area. This involves the identification of strategies for community consultation and for the participation of Indigenous family groups in the ongoing reclamation process. It also includes the acquisition of knowledge and skill in the location and interpretation of historical records of various kinds relating to the target language as well as the active use of the target language in contemporary settings, within and beyond the classroom context.",bib5789,yes -6694-vitality-3,6694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Students are actively encouraged to participate in the process of revival and reclamation of a Victorian Indigenous Language of significance to themselves or to their local area. This involves the identification of strategies for community consultation and for the participation of Indigenous family groups in the ongoing reclamation process. It also includes the acquisition of knowledge and skill in the location and interpretation of historical records of various kinds relating to the target language as well as the active use of the target language in contemporary settings, within and beyond the classroom context.",bib5789,yes -6695-location-1,6695,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.5745762, 140.7023202]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6694-LEI-3,6694,LEI,Awakening (),,"Students are actively encouraged to participate in the process of revival and reclamation of a Victorian Indigenous Language of significance to themselves or to their local area. This involves the identification of strategies for community consultation and for the participation of Indigenous family groups in the ongoing reclamation process. It also includes the acquisition of knowledge and skill in the location and interpretation of historical records of various kinds relating to the target language as well as the active use of the target language in contemporary settings, within and beyond the classroom context.",bib5813,yes +6694-vitality-3,6694,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Students are actively encouraged to participate in the process of revival and reclamation of a Victorian Indigenous Language of significance to themselves or to their local area. This involves the identification of strategies for community consultation and for the participation of Indigenous family groups in the ongoing reclamation process. It also includes the acquisition of knowledge and skill in the location and interpretation of historical records of various kinds relating to the target language as well as the active use of the target language in contemporary settings, within and beyond the classroom context.",bib5813,yes +6695-location-1,6695,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-30.5745762, 140.7023202]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6695-location-2,6695,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Milparinka, New South Wales, Yancannie creek head, east beyond Mount Arrowsmith, south to about Mootwin-gee and Sturt Meadow.""}",,,bib69,no -6695-location-3,6695,location,"{""Description"": ""George Dutton spoke of Malyangapa people being at Salisbury, Cobham, Yantara Lakes, Mt Pool and Mt Arrowsmith. The name was written as \u2018Milya-uppa\u2019 by Reid in Curr II:180. Reid\u2019s \u2018Milya-uppa\u2019 vocabulary, from Torrowotto is however not Malyangapa at all, but straight Paakantyi. This may well be due to the displacement of people, which resulted in there being a mixed population at Torrowotto, some Paakantyi, some Malyangapa. Wurm\u2019s main consultant, Hannah Quayle, placed Malyangapa country very much as George Dutton had, as 'Tibooburra, Salisbury Downs and Milparinka.'""}",,,bib610,no -6695-speakers-1,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6695-speaker_number-3,6695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib604,no -6695-speakers-3,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib604,no -6695-speakers-4,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib610,no -6695-LEI-1,6695,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6695-vitality-1,6695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6695-location-3,6695,location,"{""Description"": ""George Dutton spoke of Malyangapa people being at Salisbury, Cobham, Yantara Lakes, Mt Pool and Mt Arrowsmith. The name was written as \u2018Milya-uppa\u2019 by Reid in Curr II:180. Reid\u2019s \u2018Milya-uppa\u2019 vocabulary, from Torrowotto is however not Malyangapa at all, but straight Paakantyi. This may well be due to the displacement of people, which resulted in there being a mixed population at Torrowotto, some Paakantyi, some Malyangapa. Wurm\u2019s main consultant, Hannah Quayle, placed Malyangapa country very much as George Dutton had, as 'Tibooburra, Salisbury Downs and Milparinka.'""}",,,bib613,no +6695-speakers-1,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6695-speaker_number-3,6695,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib607,no +6695-speakers-3,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1970s"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,,bib607,no +6695-speakers-4,6695,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib613,no +6695-LEI-1,6695,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6695-vitality-1,6695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6695-LEI-2,6695,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6695-vitality-2,6695,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6695-LEI-3,6695,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib604,no -6695-transmission-3,6695,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib604,no -6695-domains_of_use-3,6695,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib604,no -6695-speaker_number_trends-3,6695,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib604,no -6695-vitality-3,6695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib604,no -6696-context-2,6696,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Martu Wangka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib1587,yes -6696-location-1,6696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.25170535, 126.4793142]]}",,,bib1182,no -6696-location-2,6696,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.517631, 123.840208]]}",,"[Spoken] along Canning stock route; 100 miles east of Jigalong, north towards Lake Disappointment (Oates 1975); along the Canning Stock Route mainly north of Lake Disappointment (Marsh 1990 p.c.).",bib7278,no -6696-location-3,6696,location,"{""Description"": ""Manyjilyjarra country is in the central Great Sandy Desert region of northwest Western Australia. It is north east of Telfer and includes part of the Canning Stock Route... Most Manyjilyjarra speakers live in the communities of Punmu and Kunuwarraji in the central Great Sandy Desert region. Other people live in Parnngurr, Jigalong and Parnpajinya Communities.""}",,,bib1587,yes -6696-speaker_number-1,6696,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Over 200 speakers at Punmu, Parnngurr, Jigalong and also now in Port Hedland and towns on the desert fringe. Marsh (1990 p.c.) notes that there are over 700 speakers of Martu Wangka, with nearly 400 Manjiljarra speakers.",bib7278,no -6696-speakers-1,6696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Over 200 speakers at Punmu, Parnngurr, Jigalong and also now in Port Hedland and towns on the desert fringe. Marsh (1990 p.c.) notes that there are over 700 speakers of Martu Wangka, with nearly 400 Manjiljarra speakers.",bib7278,no -6696-speaker_number-2,6696,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 500 speakers of the Manyjilyjarra language. There may be much less than that number now as many children of Manyjilyjarra people speak Martu Wangka, which combines elements of the Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Manyjilyjarra speakers may not speak a pure form of the language and may be unable to identify Manyjilyjarra elements.",bib1587,yes -6696-speakers-2,6696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 500 speakers of the Manyjilyjarra language. There may be much less than that number now as many children of Manyjilyjarra people speak Martu Wangka, which combines elements of the Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Manyjilyjarra speakers may not speak a pure form of the language and may be unable to identify Manyjilyjarra elements.",bib1587,yes -6696-LEI-1,6696,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,no -6696-vitality-1,6696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,no -6696-LEI-2,6696,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1587,yes -6696-vitality-2,6696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1587,yes -6698-location-1,6698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.785081, 141.229114]]}",,,bib7945,no +6695-LEI-3,6695,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib607,no +6695-transmission-3,6695,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib607,no +6695-domains_of_use-3,6695,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib607,no +6695-speaker_number_trends-3,6695,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib607,no +6695-vitality-3,6695,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib607,no +6696-context-2,6696,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Martu Wangka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib1599,yes +6696-location-1,6696,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-21.25170535, 126.4793142]]}",,,bib1191,no +6696-location-2,6696,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.517631, 123.840208]]}",,"[Spoken] along Canning stock route; 100 miles east of Jigalong, north towards Lake Disappointment (Oates 1975); along the Canning Stock Route mainly north of Lake Disappointment (Marsh 1990 p.c.).",bib7302,no +6696-location-3,6696,location,"{""Description"": ""Manyjilyjarra country is in the central Great Sandy Desert region of northwest Western Australia. It is north east of Telfer and includes part of the Canning Stock Route... Most Manyjilyjarra speakers live in the communities of Punmu and Kunuwarraji in the central Great Sandy Desert region. Other people live in Parnngurr, Jigalong and Parnpajinya Communities.""}",,,bib1599,yes +6696-speaker_number-1,6696,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Over 200 speakers at Punmu, Parnngurr, Jigalong and also now in Port Hedland and towns on the desert fringe. Marsh (1990 p.c.) notes that there are over 700 speakers of Martu Wangka, with nearly 400 Manjiljarra speakers.",bib7302,no +6696-speakers-1,6696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Over 200 speakers at Punmu, Parnngurr, Jigalong and also now in Port Hedland and towns on the desert fringe. Marsh (1990 p.c.) notes that there are over 700 speakers of Martu Wangka, with nearly 400 Manjiljarra speakers.",bib7302,no +6696-speaker_number-2,6696,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 500 speakers of the Manyjilyjarra language. There may be much less than that number now as many children of Manyjilyjarra people speak Martu Wangka, which combines elements of the Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Manyjilyjarra speakers may not speak a pure form of the language and may be unable to identify Manyjilyjarra elements.",bib1599,yes +6696-speakers-2,6696,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than 500 speakers of the Manyjilyjarra language. There may be much less than that number now as many children of Manyjilyjarra people speak Martu Wangka, which combines elements of the Manyjilyjarra and Kartujarra languages with influences from the Warnman, Nyiyaparli and Putijarra languages. As such, children of Manyjilyjarra speakers may not speak a pure form of the language and may be unable to identify Manyjilyjarra elements.",bib1599,yes +6696-LEI-1,6696,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,no +6696-vitality-1,6696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,no +6696-LEI-2,6696,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1599,yes +6696-vitality-2,6696,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1599,yes +6698-location-1,6698,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.785081, 141.229114]]}",,,bib7970,no 6698-location-2,6698,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Middle Norman, Yappar, and Clara rivers; north to Milgarra; east to Gregory Range; west to Iffley and Canobie Stations (Tindale 1974).""}",,,bib34,yes 6698-speakers-1,6698,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib34,yes 6698-LEI-1,6698,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib34,yes 6698-vitality-1,6698,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib34,yes 6699-location-1,6699,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland: from Williams river and Cloncurry north to Canobie on Cloncurry river, east to the Julia creek junction with Cloncurry river and to Mount Fort Bowen, at Dalgonally.""}",,,bib68,yes -6699-location-2,6699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.00585156, 140.6753482]]}",,,bib1182,no +6699-location-2,6699,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.00585156, 140.6753482]]}",,,bib1191,no 6699-speakers-1,6699,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib68,yes 6699-LEI-1,6699,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib68,yes 6699-vitality-1,6699,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib68,yes -670-context-1,670,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School and church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Koasati/Coushatta""}",,,bib5309,no +670-context-1,670,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""School and church services""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Koasati/Coushatta""}",,,bib5332,no 670-location-1,670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.3333333333, -87.4166666667]]}",,,bib216,no 670-location-2,670,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southeastern Texas, Alabama-Coushatta Reservation near Livingston.""}",,,bib67,no 670-location-3,670,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alabama, Texas""]}",,Alabama: Coushatta Reservation near Livingston; Texas: southeast.,bib70,no -670-location-4,670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7158, -94.7028]]}",,,bib5307,no -670-location-5,670,location,"{""Places"": [""Texas, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Alabama-Coushatta Indian\nReservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Until recently there were also a few\nelderly speakers of Alabama among members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an\nadministrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma.""}",,,bib5217,yes -670-location-6,670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7158, -94.7028]]}",,,bib1709,no -670-location-7,670,location,"{""Places"": [""The Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas.""]}",,,bib5309,no +670-location-4,670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7158, -94.7028]]}",,,bib5330,no +670-location-5,670,location,"{""Places"": [""Texas, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""Alabama-Coushatta Indian\nReservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Until recently there were also a few\nelderly speakers of Alabama among members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an\nadministrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma.""}",,,bib5240,yes +670-location-6,670,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7158, -94.7028]]}",,,bib1721,no +670-location-7,670,location,"{""Places"": [""The Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas.""]}",,,bib5332,no 670-speaker_number-1,670,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers is from T. Montler (1997). The number of speakers is decreasing. Information for ethnic population is from the 2000 US census.,bib67,no 670-speakers-1,670,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""460"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers is from T. Montler (1997). The number of speakers is decreasing. Information for ethnic population is from the 2000 US census.,bib67,no 670-speaker_number-2,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 460 (2000 census).,bib70,no 670-speakers-2,670,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""460"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 460 (2000 census).,bib70,no -670-speaker_number-3,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -670-speakers-3,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -670-speaker_number-4,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by 250 to 300 residents of the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Alabama speakers share the reservation with a smaller number of Koasati (Coushatta) speakers, and some individuals have learned to speak or understand both of these related languages. Until recently there were also a few elderly speakers of Alabama among the 900 enrolled members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an administrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma. In Texas, Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center. The youngest speakers are probably in their teens.",bib5217,yes -670-speakers-4,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by 250 to 300 residents of the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Alabama speakers share the reservation with a smaller number of Koasati (Coushatta) speakers, and some individuals have learned to speak or understand both of these related languages. Until recently there were also a few elderly speakers of Alabama among the 900 enrolled members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an administrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma. In Texas, Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center. The youngest speakers are probably in their teens.",bib5217,yes +670-speaker_number-3,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +670-speakers-3,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +670-speaker_number-4,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Spoken by 250 to 300 residents of the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Alabama speakers share the reservation with a smaller number of Koasati (Coushatta) speakers, and some individuals have learned to speak or understand both of these related languages. Until recently there were also a few elderly speakers of Alabama among the 900 enrolled members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an administrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma. In Texas, Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center. The youngest speakers are probably in their teens.",bib5240,yes +670-speakers-4,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Spoken by 250 to 300 residents of the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation near Livingston, in the Big Thicket area of East Texas. Alabama speakers share the reservation with a smaller number of Koasati (Coushatta) speakers, and some individuals have learned to speak or understand both of these related languages. Until recently there were also a few elderly speakers of Alabama among the 900 enrolled members of the Alabama-Quassarte Tribe, an administrative subdivision of the Muskogee Creek Nation, in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma. In Texas, Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center. The youngest speakers are probably in their teens.",bib5240,yes 670-speaker_number-5,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 670-speakers-5,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -670-speaker_number-6,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center.,bib5309,no -670-speakers-6,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center.,bib5309,no +670-speaker_number-6,670,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center.,bib5332,no +670-speakers-6,670,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250-300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Alabama is the language of choice among those 50 and above and is used at home and at the Senior Citizen Center.,bib5332,no 670-LEI-1,670,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 670-vitality-1,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 670-LEI-2,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 670-vitality-2,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -670-LEI-3,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -670-vitality-3,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -670-LEI-4,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -670-vitality-4,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +670-LEI-3,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +670-vitality-3,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +670-LEI-4,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +670-vitality-4,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 670-LEI-5,670,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 670-vitality-5,670,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -670-LEI-6,670,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5309,no -670-transmission-6,670,transmission,3,transmission-3,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5309,no -670-domains_of_use-6,670,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5309,no -670-speaker_number_trends-6,670,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5309,no -670-vitality-6,670,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5309,no -6700-location-1,6700,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia =""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.89620501, 142.2710997]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6700-speakers-1,6700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6700-LEI-1,6700,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6700-vitality-1,6700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6704-location-1,6704,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.13606725, 139.598447]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6704-speakers-1,6704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6704-LEI-1,6704,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6704-vitality-1,6704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6709-location-1,6709,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.53088209, 144.3450718]]}",,,bib1182,yes +670-LEI-6,670,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5332,no +670-transmission-6,670,transmission,3,transmission-3,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5332,no +670-domains_of_use-6,670,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5332,no +670-speaker_number_trends-6,670,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5332,no +670-vitality-6,670,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Efforts have been made to teach Alabama to young children in summer programs and to introduce it in preschool.,bib5332,no +6700-location-1,6700,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia =""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.89620501, 142.2710997]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6700-speakers-1,6700,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6700-LEI-1,6700,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6700-vitality-1,6700,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6704-location-1,6704,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.13606725, 139.598447]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6704-speakers-1,6704,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6704-LEI-1,6704,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6704-vitality-1,6704,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6709-location-1,6709,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.53088209, 144.3450718]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6709-location-2,6709,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, from Booligal to near Balranald.""}",,,bib69,no -6709-speakers-1,6709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6709-speakers-1,6709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6709-speakers-2,6709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"No known L1 speakers. Date of the last speaker’s death is unknown. Two speakers, Jack Wise and Mary Moore, provided language information in 1965 and 1967.",bib69,no -6709-LEI-1,6709,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6709-vitality-1,6709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6709-LEI-1,6709,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6709-vitality-1,6709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6709-LEI-2,6709,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6709-vitality-2,6709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 671-context-1,671,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Ordinary means of communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, English""}",,"American Aleuts speak English, while the Asiatic Aleuts had been russified",bib213,no 671-location-1,671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.0, -166.0]]}",,,bib216,no -671-location-2,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Aleutian and Pribilof Islands, Alaska""}",,,bib7167,yes +671-location-2,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Aleutian and Pribilof Islands, Alaska""}",,,bib7191,yes 671-location-3,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Western Aleut dialect: Aleutian chain, Atka island; Eastern Aleut dialect: east Aleutian Islands, Pribilofs, and Alaskan peninsula.""}",,"Western Aleut dialect: Aleutian chain, Atka island; Eastern Aleut dialect: east Aleutian Islands, Pribilofs, and Alaskan peninsula.",bib67,no -671-location-4,671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.171, 166.094]]}",,,bib5307,no -671-location-5,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Indigenous to the Aleutian Islands, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaska Peninsula west of Stepovak\nBay.""}",,,bib5217,no -671-location-6,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[54.7212, -164.4433], [52.2304, -174.1978]]}",,,bib1709,no -671-location-7,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib4075,no -671-location-8,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, Alaska Peninsula west of Stepovak Bay""}",,,bib5309,no -671-speaker_number-1,671,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7167,yes -671-speakers-1,671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7167,yes +671-location-4,671,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[55.171, 166.094]]}",,,bib5330,no +671-location-5,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Indigenous to the Aleutian Islands, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaska Peninsula west of Stepovak\nBay.""}",,,bib5240,no +671-location-6,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[54.7212, -164.4433], [52.2304, -174.1978]]}",,,bib1721,no +671-location-7,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib4095,no +671-location-8,671,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, Alaska Peninsula west of Stepovak Bay""}",,,bib5332,no +671-speaker_number-1,671,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7191,yes +671-speakers-1,671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70-100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7191,yes 671-speaker_number-2,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300 in United States (Krauss 1995). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2000 US census. 150 in United States (Krauss 2007). Population total all countries: 500. Ethnic population: 1,030 (2000 census) (2013).",bib67,no 671-speakers-2,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,024"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""490"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"300 in United States (Krauss 1995). Data for the ethnic population comes from the 2000 US census. 150 in United States (Krauss 2007). Population total all countries: 500. Ethnic population: 1,030 (2000 census) (2013).",bib67,no -671-speaker_number-3,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -671-speakers-3,671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""305"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -671-speaker_number-4,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5217,no -671-speakers-4,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5217,no +671-speaker_number-3,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +671-speakers-3,671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""305"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +671-speaker_number-4,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5240,no +671-speakers-4,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5240,no 671-speaker_number-5,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 671-speakers-5,671,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""490"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -671-speaker_number-6,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 Alaska, 5 Russia. Population: 2,300 Alaska, 200 Russia",bib4075,no -671-speakers-6,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 Alaska, 5 Russia. Population: 2,300 Alaska, 200 Russia",bib4075,no -671-speaker_number-7,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -671-speakers-7,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no +671-speaker_number-6,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 Alaska, 5 Russia. Population: 2,300 Alaska, 200 Russia",bib4095,no +671-speakers-6,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""155"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"150 Alaska, 5 Russia. Population: 2,300 Alaska, 200 Russia",bib4095,no +671-speaker_number-7,671,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +671-speakers-7,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150-160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no 671-speakers-8,671,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""367"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1935""}",,,bib213,no -671-LEI-1,671,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7167,yes -671-vitality-1,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7167,yes +671-LEI-1,671,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7191,yes +671-vitality-1,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7191,yes 671-LEI-2,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 671-vitality-2,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -671-LEI-3,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -671-vitality-3,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -671-LEI-4,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -671-vitality-4,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +671-LEI-3,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +671-vitality-3,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +671-LEI-4,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +671-vitality-4,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 671-LEI-5,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 671-vitality-5,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -671-LEI-6,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4075,no -671-vitality-6,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4075,no -671-LEI-7,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -671-vitality-7,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5309,no +671-LEI-6,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4095,no +671-vitality-6,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4095,no +671-LEI-7,671,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +671-vitality-7,671,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5332,no 671-LEI-8,671,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 671-transmission-8,671,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib213,no 671-speaker_number_trends-8,671,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib213,no 671-vitality-8,671,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib213,no -6712-location-1,6712,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.30008261, 148.7238073]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6712-location-1,6712,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.30008261, 148.7238073]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6712-location-2,6712,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales: Australian Alps; Bombala river; Delagate; Monaro Tableland; Nimmitabel; Queanbeyan.""}",,,bib69,no -6712-speakers-1,6712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6712-speakers-1,6712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6712-speaker_number-2,6712,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6712-speakers-2,6712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6712-LEI-1,6712,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6712-vitality-1,6712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6712-LEI-1,6712,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6712-vitality-1,6712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6712-LEI-2,6712,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6712-vitality-2,6712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6717-location-1,6717,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""North of Broome along the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.53716033, 122.4292371]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6717-speakers-1,6717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011""}",,"There are no remaining speakers of this language, to our knowledge.",bib1182,yes -6717-LEI-1,6717,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6717-vitality-1,6717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6718-location-1,6718,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.62910687, 141.2759561]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6717-location-1,6717,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""North of Broome along the coast."", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.53716033, 122.4292371]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6717-speakers-1,6717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011""}",,"There are no remaining speakers of this language, to our knowledge.",bib1191,yes +6717-LEI-1,6717,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6717-vitality-1,6717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6718-location-1,6718,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.62910687, 141.2759561]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6718-location-2,6718,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria""}",,,bib69,no -6718-speakers-1,6718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6718-speakers-1,6718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6718-speakers-2,6718,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6718-LEI-1,6718,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6718-vitality-1,6718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6718-LEI-1,6718,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6718-vitality-1,6718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6718-LEI-2,6718,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6718-vitality-2,6718,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 672-context-1,672,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no @@ -60685,18 +60889,18 @@ Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1902,yes 672-location-1,672,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[57.0, -157.0]]}",,,bib216,no 672-location-2,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska; Prince William Sound area, Tatitlek, Chenega Bay, Cordova, a few in Valdez; Kenai Peninsula southwest coast, Cook Inlet entrance, Nanwalek, Port Graham, and Seldovia.""}",,,bib67,no 672-location-3,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Prince William Sound area, Tatitlek, Chenega Bay, Cordova, a few in Valdez; Kenai Peninsula southwest coast, Cook Inlet entrance, Nanwalek, Port Graham, and Seldovia.",bib70,no -672-location-4,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.1938, -155.6542]]}",,,bib5307,no -672-location-5,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Upper part of the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island; on the Kenai Peninsula and Prince William Sound""}",,"Two dialects of Pacific Yupik are distinguished, Koniag in the west (on the upper part of the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island) and Chugach in the east (on the Kenai Peninsula and Prince William Sound).",bib5217,no -672-location-6,672,location,"{""Places"": [""Kodiak Island, Alaska Peninsula, Kenai Peninsula, Prince William Sound""], ""Coordinates"": [[57.793056, -152.394167]]}",,,bib1574,yes -672-location-7,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.1938, -155.6542]]}",,,bib1709,no +672-location-4,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.1938, -155.6542]]}",,,bib5330,no +672-location-5,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Upper part of the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island; on the Kenai Peninsula and Prince William Sound""}",,"Two dialects of Pacific Yupik are distinguished, Koniag in the west (on the upper part of the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island) and Chugach in the east (on the Kenai Peninsula and Prince William Sound).",bib5240,no +672-location-6,672,location,"{""Places"": [""Kodiak Island, Alaska Peninsula, Kenai Peninsula, Prince William Sound""], ""Coordinates"": [[57.793056, -152.394167]]}",,,bib1586,yes +672-location-7,672,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.1938, -155.6542]]}",,,bib1721,no 672-speaker_number-1,672,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"76 (2000 census). US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 3,000 (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no 672-speakers-1,672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,000 (In 1995)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""76"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"76 (2000 census). US Census (2000) counts those who use the language in the home. Ethnic population: 3,000 (1995 M. Krauss).",bib67,no 672-speaker_number-2,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (Dorais 2010). Ethnic population: 3,500 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no 672-speakers-2,672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (Dorais 2010). Ethnic population: 3,500 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no -672-speaker_number-3,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -672-speakers-3,672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -672-speaker_number-4,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1574,yes -672-speakers-4,672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1574,yes +672-speaker_number-3,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +672-speakers-3,672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +672-speaker_number-4,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1586,yes +672-speakers-4,672,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1586,yes 672-speaker_number-5,672,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 672-speakers-5,672,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 672-LEI-1,672,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Mainly older speakers,bib67,no @@ -60707,142 +60911,142 @@ Patamona (Kapon) 200 speakers and population Venezuela.",bib1902,yes 672-transmission-2,672,transmission,4,transmission-4,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 672-speaker_number_trends-2,672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no 672-vitality-2,672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Mainly older adults.,bib70,no -672-LEI-3,672,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -672-vitality-3,672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -672-LEI-4,672,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -672-transmission-4,672,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1574,yes -672-speaker_number_trends-4,672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1574,yes -672-vitality-4,672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1574,yes +672-LEI-3,672,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +672-vitality-3,672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +672-LEI-4,672,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +672-transmission-4,672,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib1586,yes +672-speaker_number_trends-4,672,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1586,yes +672-vitality-4,672,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1586,yes 672-LEI-5,672,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 672-vitality-5,672,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 6721-location-1,6721,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia; Harvey and Leschenaut inlets, Murray river, Pinjarra, Woonerup."", ""Coordinates"": [[-32.7, 115.7]]}",,,bib69,no 6721-speakers-1,6721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6721-speakers-2,6721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7278,yes +6721-speakers-2,6721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7302,yes 6721-LEI-1,6721,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6721-vitality-1,6721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6721-LEI-2,6721,LEI,Awakening (),,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7278,yes -6721-vitality-2,6721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7278,yes -6722-location-1,6722,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.83959041, 142.9447505]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6721-LEI-2,6721,LEI,Awakening (),,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7302,yes +6721-vitality-2,6721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7302,yes +6722-location-1,6722,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.83959041, 142.9447505]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6722-location-2,6722,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria; on creeks running east of Grey range from Orient and Thargomindah north to near Quilpie; at Tobermory; on the west side of Grey range only to Mount Margaret and Congie.""}",,,bib69,no -6722-speakers-1,6722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6722-speakers-1,6722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6722-speakers-2,6722,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6722-LEI-1,6722,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6722-vitality-1,6722,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6722-LEI-1,6722,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6722-vitality-1,6722,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6722-LEI-2,6722,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6722-vitality-2,6722,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6725-location-1,6725,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.48120833, 124.1827128]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6725-location-1,6725,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.48120833, 124.1827128]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6725-location-2,6725,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Bathurst, Bayliss, Koolan, and Macleay islands, Beagle, Cone, Shoal, and Strickland bays, Oobagooma, Yampi Sound.""}",,,bib69,no -6725-speakers-1,6725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6725-speakers-1,6725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6725-speakers-2,6725,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6725-LEI-1,6725,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6725-vitality-1,6725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6725-LEI-1,6725,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6725-vitality-1,6725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6725-LEI-2,6725,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6725-vitality-2,6725,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6726-location-1,6726,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.21965549, 124.8608367]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6726-location-1,6726,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.21965549, 124.8608367]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6726-location-2,6726,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: Chestnut creek; Isdell and Lennard rivers; Leopold Range; Richenda river; Robinson river.""}",,,bib69,no -6726-speakers-1,6726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6726-speakers-1,6726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6726-speakers-2,6726,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6726-LEI-1,6726,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6726-vitality-1,6726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6726-LEI-1,6726,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6726-vitality-1,6726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6726-LEI-2,6726,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6726-vitality-2,6726,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no 673-location-1,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -673-location-2,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib2989,yes -673-location-3,673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.7753, 167.5662]]}",,,bib5307,no -673-location-4,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken on Mednyj Island, off the coast of Kamchatka, but population of that island was moved to Bering Island in 1970.""}",,,bib5217,no -673-location-5,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Commander Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the westernmost islands of the Aleutian chain, near Kamchatka""}",,,bib5309,no +673-location-2,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Nikolskoye (Bering Island)""], ""Coordinates"": [[55.2, 166.0]]}",,,bib3003,yes +673-location-3,673,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[54.7753, 167.5662]]}",,,bib5330,no +673-location-4,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Originally spoken on Mednyj Island, off the coast of Kamchatka, but population of that island was moved to Bering Island in 1970.""}",,,bib5240,no +673-location-5,673,location,"{""Places"": [""Commander Islands""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the westernmost islands of the Aleutian chain, near Kamchatka""}",,,bib5332,no 673-speaker_number-1,673,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no 673-speakers-1,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Krauss (1995).,bib67,no -673-speaker_number-2,673,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2989,yes -673-speakers-2,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2989,yes -673-speaker_number-3,673,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -673-speakers-3,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -673-speakers-4,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib5217,no +673-speaker_number-2,673,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib3003,yes +673-speakers-2,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib3003,yes +673-speaker_number-3,673,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +673-speakers-3,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +673-speakers-4,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib5240,no 673-speaker_number-5,673,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 673-speakers-5,673,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 673-LEI-1,673,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 673-vitality-1,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -673-LEI-2,673,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not currently being taught,bib2989,yes -673-transmission-2,673,transmission,5,transmission-5,Not currently being taught,bib2989,yes -673-domains_of_use-2,673,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Not currently being taught,bib2989,yes -673-speaker_number_trends-2,673,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Not currently being taught,bib2989,yes -673-vitality-2,673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Not currently being taught,bib2989,yes -673-LEI-3,673,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -673-vitality-3,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -673-LEI-4,673,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -673-vitality-4,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no +673-LEI-2,673,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not currently being taught,bib3003,yes +673-transmission-2,673,transmission,5,transmission-5,Not currently being taught,bib3003,yes +673-domains_of_use-2,673,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,Not currently being taught,bib3003,yes +673-speaker_number_trends-2,673,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Not currently being taught,bib3003,yes +673-vitality-2,673,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Not currently being taught,bib3003,yes +673-LEI-3,673,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +673-vitality-3,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +673-LEI-4,673,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +673-vitality-4,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no 673-LEI-5,673,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 673-vitality-5,673,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6730-location-1,6730,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.92108581, 115.2692864]]}",,,bib1182,no +6730-location-1,6730,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.92108581, 115.2692864]]}",,,bib1191,no 6730-location-2,6730,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: from Bunbury to Cape Leuwin, chiefly along the coast, at Geographe bay, Nannup and Busselton.""}",,,bib69,no -6730-location-3,6730,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.651208, 115.350094]]}",,"[Spoken] from Bunbury to Cape Leuwin, chiefly along the coast, at Geographe Bay, Nannup and Busselton.",bib7278,yes -6730-speakers-1,6730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6730-location-3,6730,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.651208, 115.350094]]}",,"[Spoken] from Bunbury to Cape Leuwin, chiefly along the coast, at Geographe Bay, Nannup and Busselton.",bib7302,yes +6730-speakers-1,6730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6730-speakers-2,6730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6730-speakers-3,6730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7278,yes -6730-LEI-1,6730,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6730-vitality-1,6730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6730-speakers-3,6730,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,The Bunbury Nyungar group is developing a Nyungar language programme that will be applicable to all Nyungar languages.,bib7302,yes +6730-LEI-1,6730,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6730-vitality-1,6730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6730-LEI-2,6730,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6730-vitality-2,6730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6730-LEI-3,6730,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7278,yes -6730-vitality-3,6730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7278,yes -6731-location-1,6731,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.345, 142.4608]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6731-speakers-1,6731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6731-LEI-1,6731,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6731-vitality-1,6731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6732-location-1,6732,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.68777565, 144.1013148]]}",,,bib1182,no +6730-LEI-3,6730,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7302,yes +6730-vitality-3,6730,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7302,yes +6731-location-1,6731,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-38.345, 142.4608]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6731-speakers-1,6731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6731-LEI-1,6731,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6731-vitality-1,6731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6732-location-1,6732,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.68777565, 144.1013148]]}",,,bib1191,no 6732-location-2,6732,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria, Ballarat, Barwon river, Cape Otway, Geelong, Lake Burrambeet, Princetown, Queenscliff, Pitfield.""}",,,bib69,no -6732-speakers-1,6732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6732-speakers-1,6732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6732-speakers-2,6732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6732-speakers-3,6732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Wathaurong Language Program has been in progress now since March 1998. ... Since then an enormous amount of information has been unearthed ... The Program has produced several resources over the past few years, namely an interactive CD Rom titled 'Learning Wathaurong' and more recently the publication of the Wathawoorrong Dictionary.",bib1821,yes -6732-LEI-1,6732,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6732-vitality-1,6732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6732-speakers-3,6732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Wathaurong Language Program has been in progress now since March 1998. ... Since then an enormous amount of information has been unearthed ... The Program has produced several resources over the past few years, namely an interactive CD Rom titled 'Learning Wathaurong' and more recently the publication of the Wathawoorrong Dictionary.",bib1833,yes +6732-LEI-1,6732,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6732-vitality-1,6732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6732-LEI-2,6732,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6732-vitality-2,6732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6732-LEI-3,6732,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1821,yes -6732-vitality-3,6732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1821,yes -6733-location-1,6733,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.79503148, 145.3852416]]}",,,bib1182,no +6732-LEI-3,6732,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1833,yes +6732-vitality-3,6732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1833,yes +6733-location-1,6733,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-36.79503148, 145.3852416]]}",,,bib1191,no 6733-location-2,6733,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria, on Loddon river, north to Swan Hill, on Avoca river, south to near Quambatook, northeastward to Boorooban and Moulamein (N.S.W.); near Barham, at Lake Boga and Boort.""}",,,bib69,no -6733-speakers-1,6733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -6733-speakers-2,6733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"On the 7th of May 2014, Swan Hill Primary School became the most recent school to take part in the pilot trial to introduce Aboriginal languages in Victorian schools, following Thornbury Primary School and Heywood & District Secondary College. Wemba Wemba language, traditionally spoken in and around the Swan Hill (Wanilu) region is being taught by Wemba Wemba descendant and LAECG Chair Aunty Stephanie Charles. The program is being taught initially to Year 1 students who have so far learnt about some of the local birds, including the Wemba Wemba totem Wiran the red-tailed black cockatoo, greetings, family members and body parts through repetition, gesture, songs and memory games, including 'heads, shoulders, knees and toes' & 'hokey pokey'.",bib1595,yes +6733-speakers-1,6733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +6733-speakers-2,6733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"On the 7th of May 2014, Swan Hill Primary School became the most recent school to take part in the pilot trial to introduce Aboriginal languages in Victorian schools, following Thornbury Primary School and Heywood & District Secondary College. Wemba Wemba language, traditionally spoken in and around the Swan Hill (Wanilu) region is being taught by Wemba Wemba descendant and LAECG Chair Aunty Stephanie Charles. The program is being taught initially to Year 1 students who have so far learnt about some of the local birds, including the Wemba Wemba totem Wiran the red-tailed black cockatoo, greetings, family members and body parts through repetition, gesture, songs and memory games, including 'heads, shoulders, knees and toes' & 'hokey pokey'.",bib1607,yes 6733-speakers-3,6733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6733-LEI-1,6733,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6733-vitality-1,6733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6733-LEI-2,6733,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1595,yes -6733-vitality-2,6733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1595,yes +6733-LEI-1,6733,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6733-vitality-1,6733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6733-LEI-2,6733,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1607,yes +6733-vitality-2,6733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1607,yes 6733-LEI-3,6733,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6733-vitality-3,6733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6734-location-1,6734,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.64264501, 145.5879962]]}",,,bib1182,no +6734-location-1,6734,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-37.64264501, 145.5879962]]}",,,bib1191,no 6734-location-2,6734,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria, Healesville, Lancefield, Macedon, Melbourne, Moe, Mordialloc, Mount Bawbaw, Mount Disappointment, Saltwater river, Warragul, Woodend, Yarra river.""}",,,bib69,no -6734-speakers-1,6734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6734-speakers-1,6734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6734-speakers-2,6734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6734-speakers-3,6734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7215,yes -6734-LEI-1,6734,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6734-vitality-1,6734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6734-speakers-3,6734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib7239,yes +6734-LEI-1,6734,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6734-vitality-1,6734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6734-LEI-2,6734,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6734-vitality-2,6734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6734-LEI-3,6734,LEI,Awakening (),,"Joy [Wandin Murphy] currently teaches the Woiwurrung language to Year 7 and 8 students at Healesville High school and mentors her sister, Doreen, who also teaches language and culture at the school. It's a pilot program funded by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. It will be supported until the end of the year. Beyond that, Joy is determined to find the funds to keep the program going.",bib7215,yes -6734-vitality-3,6734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Joy [Wandin Murphy] currently teaches the Woiwurrung language to Year 7 and 8 students at Healesville High school and mentors her sister, Doreen, who also teaches language and culture at the school. It's a pilot program funded by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. It will be supported until the end of the year. Beyond that, Joy is determined to find the funds to keep the program going.",bib7215,yes -6736-location-1,6736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.82104542, 141.4179142]]}",,,bib1182,no +6734-LEI-3,6734,LEI,Awakening (),,"Joy [Wandin Murphy] currently teaches the Woiwurrung language to Year 7 and 8 students at Healesville High school and mentors her sister, Doreen, who also teaches language and culture at the school. It's a pilot program funded by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. It will be supported until the end of the year. Beyond that, Joy is determined to find the funds to keep the program going.",bib7239,yes +6734-vitality-3,6734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Joy [Wandin Murphy] currently teaches the Woiwurrung language to Year 7 and 8 students at Healesville High school and mentors her sister, Doreen, who also teaches language and culture at the school. It's a pilot program funded by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. It will be supported until the end of the year. Beyond that, Joy is determined to find the funds to keep the program going.",bib7239,yes +6736-location-1,6736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.82104542, 141.4179142]]}",,,bib1191,no 6736-location-2,6736,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria: Dimboola; Kaniva; Lake Albacutya; Lake Hindmarsh; Lake Korong; Outlet creek; Pine plains; Servicetown; Warracknabeal; Wimmera river; Yanac.""}",,,bib69,no -6736-speakers-1,6736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6736-speakers-1,6736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6736-speakers-2,6736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6736-speakers-3,6736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Wergaia reclamation and revival project, a collaboration between members of the Wotjobaluk community and a linguist, has been teaching the language. There is now ""a group of Wotjobaluk people who are now able to write simple sentences, translate Dreaming stories and teach other community members their heritage language.""",bib6215,yes -6736-LEI-1,6736,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6736-vitality-1,6736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6736-speakers-3,6736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Wergaia reclamation and revival project, a collaboration between members of the Wotjobaluk community and a linguist, has been teaching the language. There is now ""a group of Wotjobaluk people who are now able to write simple sentences, translate Dreaming stories and teach other community members their heritage language.""",bib6239,yes +6736-LEI-1,6736,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6736-vitality-1,6736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6736-LEI-2,6736,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6736-vitality-2,6736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6736-LEI-3,6736,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6215,yes -6736-vitality-3,6736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6215,yes +6736-LEI-3,6736,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib6239,yes +6736-vitality-3,6736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib6239,yes 674-context-1,674,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Sharanahua [mcd], Spanish [spa], Yaminahua [yaa]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative attitudes.""}",,,bib67,no -674-location-1,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Amahuaca people in the basin of the Pur\u00fas river in Pur\u00fas Province (Ucayali Region), the basins of the Yur\u00faa, Inuya, and Sepahua rivers in Atalaya Province (Ucayali Region), and the Las Piedras river in the Madre de Dios Region.""}",,,bib8124,no +674-location-1,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by the Amahuaca people in the basin of the Pur\u00fas river in Pur\u00fas Province (Ucayali Region), the basins of the Yur\u00faa, Inuya, and Sepahua rivers in Atalaya Province (Ucayali Region), and the Las Piedras river in the Madre de Dios Region.""}",,,bib8149,no 674-location-2,674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.5, -72.5]]}",,,bib216,no 674-location-3,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""]}",,"Southeast Amazon Basin, Ucayali and Madre de Dios regions scattered on Sepahua, Curiuja, Curanja, Upper Ucayali, Inuya, Mapuya, Purus, Aguaytía, Yuruá, and Las Piedras rivers.",bib67,no 674-location-4,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,"Peru: Madre de Dios and Ucayali regions: scattered on Aguaytía, Curanja, Curiuja, Inuya, Las Piedras, Mapuya, Purus, Sepahua, Upper Ucayali, and Yuruá rivers; Southeast Amazon basin. Brazil: Acre state: Peru border area.",bib70,no -674-location-5,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"""currently, Sepahua, Purús, Curiuja, Curanja, Yuruá, u[pper] Ucayali and Río de las Piedras R[iver]s, Peru and supposedly uncontacted Amawakas on the u[pper] Purus in Brazil (Sparing, 2007); Liberdade R[iver] (r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] Juruá R[iver]), Brazil (Rodrigues, 1986); historically at similar locations in Peru and af[fluent] u[pper] Purus and Juruá R[iver]s, Brazil (Rivet and Tastevin, 1921: 450). †Nishinawa – Jordão R[iver] (l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Tarauacá R[iver], in turn l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] Envira R[iver], in turn r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R), Brazil (Loukotka, 1963: 33). †Yumanawa – Serrano R (rb af u Juruá R; Tastevin, 1925: 415), u Ibuya R (lb af[fluent] u[pper] Envira R[ivr], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R[iver]; Tastevin, 1926: 34, 49); Muruzinho R[iver] l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Muru R[iver], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] Tarauacá R[iver], l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent Envira R[iver], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R (Loukotka, 1963: 33), Brazil"" (p.108).",bib2647,no -674-location-6,674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.8764, -72.29]]}",,,bib5307,no -674-location-7,674,location,"{""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Ucayali, Province of Coronel Portillo, along the Mapuya, Curuija, Sepahua and Inuya rivers.""}",,,bib1903,yes +674-location-5,674,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Brazil""]}",,"""currently, Sepahua, Purús, Curiuja, Curanja, Yuruá, u[pper] Ucayali and Río de las Piedras R[iver]s, Peru and supposedly uncontacted Amawakas on the u[pper] Purus in Brazil (Sparing, 2007); Liberdade R[iver] (r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] Juruá R[iver]), Brazil (Rodrigues, 1986); historically at similar locations in Peru and af[fluent] u[pper] Purus and Juruá R[iver]s, Brazil (Rivet and Tastevin, 1921: 450). †Nishinawa – Jordão R[iver] (l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Tarauacá R[iver], in turn l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] Envira R[iver], in turn r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R), Brazil (Loukotka, 1963: 33). †Yumanawa – Serrano R (rb af u Juruá R; Tastevin, 1925: 415), u Ibuya R (lb af[fluent] u[pper] Envira R[ivr], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R[iver]; Tastevin, 1926: 34, 49); Muruzinho R[iver] l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Muru R[iver], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] Tarauacá R[iver], l[eft ]b[ank] af[fluent Envira R[iver], r[ight ]b[ank] af[fluent] u[pper] Juruá R (Loukotka, 1963: 33), Brazil"" (p.108).",bib2660,no +674-location-6,674,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.8764, -72.29]]}",,,bib5330,no +674-location-7,674,location,"{""Description"": ""Peru, Department of Ucayali, Province of Coronel Portillo, along the Mapuya, Curuija, Sepahua and Inuya rivers.""}",,,bib1915,yes 674-speaker_number-1,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"110 of the 330 speakers are in Peru (2000 SIL). The number of speakers is decreasing. There are 20 monolinguals. 300 of the ethnic population are in Peru and 200 are in Brazil. ""Perhaps 50 [speakers] in the border areas have not been contacted.""",bib67,no 674-speakers-1,674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"110 of the 330 speakers are in Peru (2000 SIL). The number of speakers is decreasing. There are 20 monolinguals. 300 of the ethnic population are in Peru and 200 are in Brazil. ""Perhaps 50 [speakers] in the border areas have not been contacted.""",bib67,no 674-speaker_number-2,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"300 in Peru, ethnic population 500. @@ -60851,10 +61055,10 @@ Brazil: Acre state: Peru border area.",bib70,no 674-speakers-2,674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""520"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007 (Peru, census), 1995 (Brazil)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"300 in Peru, ethnic population 500. 220 in Brazil. (Perhaps 50 not contacted in the border area.)",bib70,no -674-speaker_number-3,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -674-speakers-3,674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -674-speaker_number-4,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,yes -674-speakers-4,674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""189"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,yes +674-speaker_number-3,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +674-speakers-3,674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +674-speaker_number-4,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,yes +674-speakers-4,674,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500-1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""189"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,yes 674-speaker_number-5,674,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 674-speakers-5,674,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""310"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 674-LEI-1,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -60862,168 +61066,168 @@ Brazil: Acre state: Peru border area.",bib70,no 674-LEI-2,674,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Home, village. Mainly older adults; only children in the most distant communities still acquire the language.",bib70,no 674-domains_of_use-2,674,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Home, village. Mainly older adults; only children in the most distant communities still acquire the language.",bib70,no 674-vitality-2,674,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Home, village. Mainly older adults; only children in the most distant communities still acquire the language.",bib70,no -674-LEI-3,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -674-vitality-3,674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -674-LEI-4,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children are still learning the language.,bib1903,yes -674-vitality-4,674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children are still learning the language.,bib1903,yes +674-LEI-3,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +674-vitality-3,674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +674-LEI-4,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Some children are still learning the language.,bib1915,yes +674-vitality-4,674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Some children are still learning the language.,bib1915,yes 674-LEI-5,674,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 674-vitality-5,674,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6740-location-1,6740,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.76116312, 145.2320913]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6740-location-1,6740,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.76116312, 145.2320913]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6740-location-2,6740,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria and New South Wales states.""}",,,bib69,no -6740-speakers-1,6740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +6740-speakers-1,6740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 6740-speakers-2,6740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers. Date of last speaker’s death unknown.,bib69,no -6740-LEI-1,6740,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6740-vitality-1,6740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6740-LEI-1,6740,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6740-vitality-1,6740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6740-LEI-2,6740,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6740-vitality-2,6740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6741-location-1,6741,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.23270508, 140.5134756]]}",,,bib1182,no +6741-location-1,6741,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.23270508, 140.5134756]]}",,,bib1191,no 6741-location-2,6741,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland: Hamilton river; Lucknow; Toolebuc; Warenda.""}",,,bib69,no -6741-location-3,6741,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.917567, 140.772457]]}",,"Yanda...was spoken, according to Tindale (1974:170) at the 'head of the Hamilton River, north of Warenda. At Toolebuc and Lucknow.' Warenda is about 60 miles north-east of Boulia.",bib1232,yes -6741-speakers-1,6741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6741-location-3,6741,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.917567, 140.772457]]}",,"Yanda...was spoken, according to Tindale (1974:170) at the 'head of the Hamilton River, north of Warenda. At Toolebuc and Lucknow.' Warenda is about 60 miles north-east of Boulia.",bib1241,yes +6741-speakers-1,6741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6741-speaker_number-2,6741,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Few speakers reported in 2012.,bib69,no 6741-speakers-2,6741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""a few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Few speakers reported in 2012.,bib69,no -6741-speakers-3,6741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The only source of linguistic data on Yanda is a vocabulary of about 110 words contributed to Carr (1886-87) by... a police officer. A couple of old Aboriginal informants still alive in the 1970s knew the name, but none knew anything more.",bib1232,yes -6741-LEI-1,6741,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6741-vitality-1,6741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6741-speakers-3,6741,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The only source of linguistic data on Yanda is a vocabulary of about 110 words contributed to Carr (1886-87) by... a police officer. A couple of old Aboriginal informants still alive in the 1970s knew the name, but none knew anything more.",bib1241,yes +6741-LEI-1,6741,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6741-vitality-1,6741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6741-LEI-2,6741,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6741-vitality-2,6741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6741-LEI-3,6741,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1232,yes -6741-vitality-3,6741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1232,yes -6742-location-1,6742,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.79542818, 141.7735309]]}",,,bib1182,no +6741-LEI-3,6741,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1241,yes +6741-vitality-3,6741,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1241,yes +6742-location-1,6742,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-29.79542818, 141.7735309]]}",,,bib1191,no 6742-location-2,6742,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia and New South Wales, Yardliyawara (Jadliaura), eastern side of northern Flinders range from Wertaloona south to Carrieton and Cradock, east to Frome Downs, at Holowilena station on Siccus river, west to Arkaba and Hawker.""}",,,bib69,no -6742-location-3,6742,location,"{""Description"": ""Yardliyawara was spoken on the eastern side of the Flinders Ranges, and Adnyamathanha people referred to it as \u2018Wooltana talk\u2019 (Wooltana being the name of a station on the north-eastern side of the Flinders). ""}",,,bib610,yes -6742-speakers-1,6742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6742-location-3,6742,location,"{""Description"": ""Yardliyawara was spoken on the eastern side of the Flinders Ranges, and Adnyamathanha people referred to it as \u2018Wooltana talk\u2019 (Wooltana being the name of a station on the north-eastern side of the Flinders). ""}",,,bib613,yes +6742-speakers-1,6742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6742-speaker_number-2,6742,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,2 speakers in 1987 (Hercus and Austin 2004).,bib69,no 6742-speakers-2,6742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,2 speakers in 1987 (Hercus and Austin 2004).,bib69,no -6742-speakers-3,6742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib610,yes -6742-LEI-1,6742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6742-vitality-1,6742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6742-speakers-3,6742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib613,yes +6742-LEI-1,6742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6742-vitality-1,6742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6742-LEI-2,6742,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6742-vitality-2,6742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6742-LEI-3,6742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib610,yes -6742-vitality-3,6742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib610,yes -6744-location-1,6744,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.14740026, 123.3986329]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6742-LEI-3,6742,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib613,yes +6742-vitality-3,6742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib613,yes +6744-location-1,6744,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-16.14740026, 123.3986329]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6744-location-2,6744,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, Collier Bay, Jawutjap, Montgomery islands.""}",,,bib69,no -6744-speakers-1,6744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6744-speakers-1,6744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6744-speakers-2,6744,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6744-LEI-1,6744,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6744-vitality-1,6744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6744-LEI-1,6744,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6744-vitality-1,6744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6744-LEI-2,6744,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6744-vitality-2,6744,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6747-location-1,6747,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.9470874, 141.5854211]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6747-location-1,6747,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.9470874, 141.5854211]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6747-location-2,6747,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales: Balranald, Booligal, Carrawathal, Lachlan river; South Australia.""}",,,bib69,no -6747-speakers-1,6747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6747-speakers-1,6747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6747-speakers-2,6747,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6747-LEI-1,6747,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6747-vitality-1,6747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6747-LEI-1,6747,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6747-vitality-1,6747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6747-LEI-2,6747,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6747-vitality-2,6747,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -675-context-1,675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8246,yes -675-location-1,675,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur State""}",,,bib8246,yes -675-location-2,675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1517, 93.9385]]}",,,bib5307,no +675-context-1,675,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib8271,yes +675-location-1,675,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur State""}",,,bib8271,yes +675-location-2,675,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.1517, 93.9385]]}",,,bib5330,no 675-location-3,675,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Myanmar""]}",,,bib67,no -675-speaker_number-1,675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Number of speakers unknown.,bib8246,yes -675-speakers-1,675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Number of speakers unknown.,bib8246,yes -675-speaker_number-2,675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -675-speakers-2,675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +675-speaker_number-1,675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Number of speakers unknown.,bib8271,yes +675-speakers-1,675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Number of speakers unknown.,bib8271,yes +675-speaker_number-2,675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +675-speakers-2,675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 675-speaker_number-3,675,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 675-speakers-3,675,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,853"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -675-LEI-1,675,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -675-speaker_number_trends-1,675,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -675-vitality-1,675,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8246,yes -675-LEI-2,675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -675-vitality-2,675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +675-LEI-1,675,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +675-speaker_number_trends-1,675,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +675-vitality-1,675,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Rapidly losing ground to Meithei, the state majority language.",bib8271,yes +675-LEI-2,675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +675-vitality-2,675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 675-LEI-3,675,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 675-vitality-3,675,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -676-context-1,676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Ethnic pride is strong""}",,,bib1903,yes -676-location-1,676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.769, -72.2351]]}",,,bib5307,no -676-location-2,676,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Department of the Amazonas""]}",,,bib1903,yes +676-context-1,676,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Ethnic pride is strong""}",,,bib1915,yes +676-location-1,676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.769, -72.2351]]}",,,bib5330,no +676-location-2,676,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Department of the Amazonas""]}",,,bib1915,yes 676-location-3,676,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-0.666666666667, -72.0]]}",,,bib216,no 676-location-4,676,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,"Amazonas Department, Aduche, tributary of Caquetá, 15 km downriver from Araracuara; also in Caqueta Department, Solano municipality.",bib67,no -676-speaker_number-1,676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -676-speakers-1,676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -676-speakers-2,676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""520""}",,,bib1903,yes +676-speaker_number-1,676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +676-speakers-1,676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""597"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +676-speakers-2,676,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""520""}",,,bib1915,yes 676-speaker_number-3,676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 676-speakers-3,676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""619"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 676-speaker_number-4,676,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"(Unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,no 676-speakers-4,676,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"(Unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,no -676-LEI-1,676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -676-vitality-1,676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +676-LEI-1,676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +676-vitality-1,676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 676-LEI-2,676,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 676-vitality-2,676,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 676-LEI-3,676,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All users over 60. 80% also use Spanish [spa]. Used as L2 by Nonuya [noj].,bib67,no 676-transmission-3,676,transmission,5,transmission-5,All users over 60. 80% also use Spanish [spa]. Used as L2 by Nonuya [noj].,bib67,no 676-vitality-3,676,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All users over 60. 80% also use Spanish [spa]. Used as L2 by Nonuya [noj].,bib67,no 677-context-1,677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -677-context-2,677,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""On the Saskatchewan reserves Cree is widely spoken and many of the Assiniboine speakers are fluent in it.""}",,,bib5217,yes -677-context-3,677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cree"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many Assiniboine speakers on the Saskatchewan reserves are fluent in Cree""}",,Courses in Assiniboine are taught at Fort Belknap Community College.,bib5309,no +677-context-2,677,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""On the Saskatchewan reserves Cree is widely spoken and many of the Assiniboine speakers are fluent in it.""}",,,bib5240,yes +677-context-3,677,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Cree"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many Assiniboine speakers on the Saskatchewan reserves are fluent in Cree""}",,Courses in Assiniboine are taught at Fort Belknap Community College.,bib5332,no 677-location-1,677,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear\u2019s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).""}",,"West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).",bib67,no 677-location-2,677,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Saskatchewan province: part of Carry-the-Kettle, Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head, and Whitebear. USA, Montana: Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations.",bib70,no -677-location-3,677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.4466, -114.8783]]}",,,bib5307,no -677-location-4,677,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Saskatchewan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on two reservations in Montana\u2014Fort Belknap and Fort Peck\u2014and on three reserves in Saskatchewan\u2014Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib5217,yes -677-location-5,677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.4466, -114.8783], [50.3536, -103.4841]]}",,,bib1709,no -677-location-6,677,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana (Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations), Saskatchewan (Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head reservations)""]}",,,bib5309,no +677-location-3,677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.4466, -114.8783]]}",,,bib5330,no +677-location-4,677,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana, Saskatchewan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on two reservations in Montana\u2014Fort Belknap and Fort Peck\u2014and on three reserves in Saskatchewan\u2014Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear\u2019s Head.""}",,,bib5240,yes +677-location-5,677,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.4466, -114.8783], [50.3536, -103.4841]]}",,,bib1721,no +677-location-6,677,location,"{""Places"": [""Montana (Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations), Saskatchewan (Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head reservations)""]}",,,bib5332,no 677-speaker_number-1,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 250 speakers in Canada. Data for the number of speakers and the ethnic population comes from D. Parks (1997).,bib67,no 677-speakers-1,677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 250 speakers in Canada. Data for the number of speakers and the ethnic population comes from D. Parks (1997).,bib67,no 677-speaker_number-2,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no 677-speakers-2,677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib70,no -677-speaker_number-3,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -677-speakers-3,677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -677-speaker_number-4,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",bib5217,yes -677-speakers-4,677,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""None under 40 and most elderly."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",bib5217,yes +677-speaker_number-3,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +677-speakers-3,677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +677-speaker_number-4,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",bib5240,yes +677-speakers-4,677,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""None under 40 and most elderly."", ""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.",bib5240,yes 677-speaker_number-5,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 677-speakers-5,677,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -677-speaker_number-6,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5309,no -677-speakers-6,677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5309,no +677-speaker_number-6,677,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5332,no +677-speakers-6,677,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5332,no 677-LEI-1,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 677-vitality-1,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 677-LEI-2,677,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 677-transmission-2,677,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 677-speaker_number_trends-2,677,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 677-vitality-2,677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -677-LEI-3,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -677-vitality-3,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -677-LEI-4,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -677-vitality-4,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,yes +677-LEI-3,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +677-vitality-3,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +677-LEI-4,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +677-vitality-4,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,yes 677-LEI-5,677,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 677-vitality-5,677,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -677-LEI-6,677,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -677-transmission-6,677,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -677-domains_of_use-6,677,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -677-speaker_number_trends-6,677,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -677-vitality-6,677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +677-LEI-6,677,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +677-transmission-6,677,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +677-domains_of_use-6,677,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +677-speaker_number_trends-6,677,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +677-vitality-6,677,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 6770-location-1,6770,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Alice Springs (Mparntwe in Aranda) in the Northern Territory, Australia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.699, 133.88]]}",,,bib35,no -6770-speakers-1,6770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6770-LEI-1,6770,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6770-vitality-1,6770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6772-location-1,6772,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.44486229, 153.1539929]]}",,,bib1182,no +6770-speakers-1,6770,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6770-LEI-1,6770,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6770-vitality-1,6770,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6772-location-1,6772,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.44486229, 153.1539929]]}",,,bib1191,no 6772-location-2,6772,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland: Cairns; Fraser island; Great Sandy island; Kabikabi mission; Noosa Head; Pialba; Tinana creek; Yarrabah; Thoorgine.""}",,,bib69,no 6772-location-3,6772,location,"{""Places"": [""Hervey Bay""]}",,,bib7,no -6772-speakers-1,6772,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6772-speakers-1,6772,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6772-speaker_number-2,6772,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6772-speakers-2,6772,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6772-speakers-4,6772,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The preservation of language and culture has been a strong focus of the Korrawinga Aboriginal Corporation. Traditional dance, fishing, horticulture, weaving, sewing, beading and woodwork are some of the activities offered for young and old. The Butchulla Language Program has been a particularly successful outcome from Korrawinga's work. The program owes much of its strength to the involvement of the young members of the community, who use tools such as story telling, oral histories, games, song and dance to teach and keep their language alive. Language programs are run in conjunction with after school, the respite centre, the detention centre, and the Uni of South Qld.",bib47,yes -6772-LEI-1,6772,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6772-vitality-1,6772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6772-LEI-1,6772,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6772-vitality-1,6772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6772-LEI-2,6772,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6772-vitality-2,6772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 6772-LEI-3,6772,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib47,yes 6772-vitality-3,6772,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib47,yes -6773-location-1,6773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.90830698, 117.173752]]}",,,bib1182,no +6773-location-1,6773,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.90830698, 117.173752]]}",,,bib1191,no 6773-location-2,6773,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia; Lower Blackwood river, on the hills between the Blackwood and Warren rivers, east to Gardner river and Broke inlet, on Scott river, inland to Manjimup and Bridgetown.""}",,,bib69,no -6773-location-3,6773,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.141362, 115.943785]]}",,"[Spoken around the] Lower Blackwood River, chiefly on the hills between the Blackwood and Warren Rivers, inland to Manjimup and Bridgetown.",bib7278,yes -6773-speakers-1,6773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,no +6773-location-3,6773,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.141362, 115.943785]]}",,"[Spoken around the] Lower Blackwood River, chiefly on the hills between the Blackwood and Warren Rivers, inland to Manjimup and Bridgetown.",bib7302,yes +6773-speakers-1,6773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,no 6773-speakers-2,6773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers.""}",,,bib69,no -6773-speakers-3,6773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers,bib7278,yes -6773-LEI-1,6773,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,no -6773-vitality-1,6773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,no +6773-speakers-3,6773,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers,bib7302,yes +6773-LEI-1,6773,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,no +6773-vitality-1,6773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,no 6773-LEI-2,6773,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6773-vitality-2,6773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6773-LEI-3,6773,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7278,yes -6773-vitality-3,6773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7278,yes -6776-location-1,6776,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-37.53325, 140.745717]]}",,,bib7945,no +6773-LEI-3,6773,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7302,yes +6773-vitality-3,6773,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7302,yes +6776-location-1,6776,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-37.53325, 140.745717]]}",,,bib7970,no 6776-location-2,6776,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia: Balmoral; Cape Jaffa; Casterton; Dartmoor; Glenelg river; Lake Mundi; Mount Gambier; Mount Zero; Penola; Robe; Wannon river; Western Grampians.""}",,,bib69,no 6776-speakers-1,6776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The Mobile Language Team organised a language workshop in Mount Gambier in October 2011, to discuss the possibility of a language revival program for Buandig (Boandik/Bunganditj).",bib34,yes 6776-speakers-2,6776,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib69,no @@ -61035,238 +61239,238 @@ USA, Montana: Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations.",bib70,no 6777-speakers-1,6777,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes 6777-LEI-1,6777,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 6777-vitality-1,6777,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -6779-location-1,6779,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,yes +6779-location-1,6779,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,yes 6779-location-2,6779,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Caboolture, Bribie island, Childers, Jimna range, Maryborough, Hervey bay, Mary river, Cooroy, Burnett, Coast ranges, Kilkivan, Gympie, Fraser island.""}",,,bib69,no -6779-speakers-1,6779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0? There are still some partial speakers.""}",,,bib1182,yes +6779-speakers-1,6779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0? There are still some partial speakers.""}",,,bib1191,yes 6779-speakers-2,6779,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6779-LEI-1,6779,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6779-vitality-1,6779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6779-LEI-1,6779,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6779-vitality-1,6779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6779-LEI-2,6779,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6779-vitality-2,6779,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -678-location-1,678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.9095, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5307,no -678-location-2,678,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Para State""], ""Description"": ""Right bank of the Xingu River, Terra Indigena Koatinemo, one village.""}",,,bib1903,no +678-location-1,678,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-3.9095, -52.4707]]}",,,bib5330,no +678-location-2,678,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Para State""], ""Description"": ""Right bank of the Xingu River, Terra Indigena Koatinemo, one village.""}",,,bib1915,no 678-location-3,678,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Para State, Rio Picava off the Xingu River near Altamira, at least one sizeable village.""}",,"Para State, Rio Picava off the Xingu River near Altamira, at least one sizeable village.",bib67,yes -678-speaker_number-1,678,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -678-speakers-1,678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""124"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -678-speaker_number-2,678,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -678-speakers-2,678,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""106"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +678-speaker_number-1,678,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +678-speakers-1,678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""124"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +678-speaker_number-2,678,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +678-speakers-2,678,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""106"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""106"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 678-speaker_number-3,678,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 678-speakers-3,678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""63"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 678-speaker_number-4,678,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2006).,bib67,yes 678-speakers-4,678,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110 (2009).\n\n120 (2016)."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2006).,bib67,yes -678-LEI-1,678,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -678-vitality-1,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -678-LEI-2,678,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All Asurini under forty are bilingual in Portuguese.,bib1903,no -678-vitality-2,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All Asurini under forty are bilingual in Portuguese.,bib1903,no +678-LEI-1,678,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +678-vitality-1,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +678-LEI-2,678,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All Asurini under forty are bilingual in Portuguese.,bib1915,no +678-vitality-2,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All Asurini under forty are bilingual in Portuguese.,bib1915,no 678-LEI-3,678,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 678-vitality-3,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 678-LEI-4,678,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 678-vitality-4,678,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -6780-location-1,6780,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.69783052, 151.9693704]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6780-location-1,6780,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-28.69783052, 151.9693704]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6780-location-2,6780,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland and New South Wales; Clarence river, Drake, Killarney, Logan river, Rathdowney, Richmond river, Spicer Gap, Tabulam, Tooloom, Unumgar, Urbenville, Woodenbong.""}",,,bib69,no -6780-speakers-1,6780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +6780-speakers-1,6780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 6780-speaker_number-2,6780,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6780-speakers-2,6780,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6780-LEI-1,6780,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6780-vitality-1,6780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6780-LEI-1,6780,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6780-vitality-1,6780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6780-LEI-2,6780,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6780-vitality-2,6780,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6781-location-1,6781,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.03482157, 135.565923]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6781-speaker_number-1,6781,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,One family speaks this language now... and a language documentation program is underway.,bib1182,yes -6781-speakers-1,6781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,One family speaks this language now... and a language documentation program is underway.,bib1182,yes -6781-LEI-1,6781,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1182,yes -6781-vitality-1,6781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1182,yes -6782-location-1,6782,location,"{""Description"": ""Australia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-33.79639425, 119.0122558]]}",,,bib1182,no +6781-location-1,6781,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.03482157, 135.565923]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6781-speaker_number-1,6781,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,One family speaks this language now... and a language documentation program is underway.,bib1191,yes +6781-speakers-1,6781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,One family speaks this language now... and a language documentation program is underway.,bib1191,yes +6781-LEI-1,6781,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1191,yes +6781-vitality-1,6781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1191,yes +6782-location-1,6782,location,"{""Description"": ""Australia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-33.79639425, 119.0122558]]}",,,bib1191,no 6782-location-2,6782,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: Badgebup; Bremer bay; Broome Hill; Ceranbrook; Gairdner river; Gnowangerup; Jeramungup; Kibbleup; Kojonup; Nampup; Nyabing; Ongerup; Pallinup river; Pingrup; Qualeup; Salt river; Stirling range; Tambellup.""}",,,bib69,no -6782-location-3,6782,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.906896, 118.50317]]}",,"[Spoken] from Gairdner River to Pallinup River; inland to Jeramungup, Pingrup, Nampup, Badgepup and Kibbleup near Broome Hill; south to Stirling Range; at Gnowangerup and Ongerup; Katanning to Bremer Bay (Oates).",bib7278,no -6782-speakers-1,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6782-location-3,6782,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-33.906896, 118.50317]]}",,"[Spoken] from Gairdner River to Pallinup River; inland to Jeramungup, Pingrup, Nampup, Badgepup and Kibbleup near Broome Hill; south to Stirling Range; at Gnowangerup and Ongerup; Katanning to Bremer Bay (Oates).",bib7302,no +6782-speakers-1,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6782-speakers-2,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6782-speakers-3,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Language awareness workshops and lessons were held in 2005-6.,bib7041,yes -6782-speakers-4,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7278,no -6782-LEI-1,6782,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6782-vitality-1,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6782-speakers-3,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Language awareness workshops and lessons were held in 2005-6.,bib7065,yes +6782-speakers-4,6782,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7302,no +6782-LEI-1,6782,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6782-vitality-1,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6782-LEI-2,6782,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6782-vitality-2,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6782-LEI-3,6782,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7041,yes -6782-vitality-3,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7041,yes -6782-LEI-4,6782,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7278,no -6782-vitality-4,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7278,no -6784-location-1,6784,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.35147706, 142.5243782]]}",,,bib1182,no -6784-location-2,6784,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.390714, 142.200165]]}",,According to Tindale (1974:175) the territory of Koa comprised the 'Headwaters of the Diamantina north to Kynuna and Hamilton Creek divide; west to Middleton Creek; east to Winton and Sesbania; south almost to Cork.',bib1225,yes -6784-speakers-1,6784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Guwa is an extinct language of Western Queensland and known to us only through word lists in Curr (1886-87), Roth (1897) and 'Science of Man,' and from a list notated by Tindale in 1938.",bib1225,yes -6784-LEI-1,6784,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1225,yes -6784-vitality-1,6784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1225,yes -6785-location-1,6785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,yes -6785-location-2,6785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.56865, 153.462392]]}",,,bib7945,no +6782-LEI-3,6782,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7065,yes +6782-vitality-3,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7065,yes +6782-LEI-4,6782,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7302,no +6782-vitality-4,6782,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7302,no +6784-location-1,6784,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-21.35147706, 142.5243782]]}",,,bib1191,no +6784-location-2,6784,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland"", ""Coordinates"": [[-22.390714, 142.200165]]}",,According to Tindale (1974:175) the territory of Koa comprised the 'Headwaters of the Diamantina north to Kynuna and Hamilton Creek divide; west to Middleton Creek; east to Winton and Sesbania; south almost to Cork.',bib1234,yes +6784-speakers-1,6784,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Guwa is an extinct language of Western Queensland and known to us only through word lists in Curr (1886-87), Roth (1897) and 'Science of Man,' and from a list notated by Tindale in 1938.",bib1234,yes +6784-LEI-1,6784,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1234,yes +6784-vitality-1,6784,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1234,yes +6785-location-1,6785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,yes +6785-location-2,6785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.56865, 153.462392]]}",,,bib7970,no 6785-location-3,6785,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria State, southern two-thirds of Stradbroke Island.""}",,,bib69,no -6785-speakers-1,6785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +6785-speakers-1,6785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 6785-speakers-2,6785,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006""}",,No known L1 speakers (1996 AUSTLANG).,bib69,no -6785-LEI-1,6785,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6785-vitality-1,6785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6785-LEI-1,6785,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6785-vitality-1,6785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6785-LEI-2,6785,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6785-vitality-2,6785,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6787-location-1,6787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.75108713, 143.5365228]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6787-location-2,6787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.976099, 143.194084]]}",,Kungkari was spoken in the area of the lower Barcoo and Thomson Rivers in south-western Queensland.,bib1227,no -6787-speakers-1,6787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No speakers for some years now; Kungkari people were hit hard by the expansion of the cattle industry in Queensland in the 19th and early 20th centuries.,bib1182,yes -6787-speakers-2,6787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1227,no -6787-LEI-1,6787,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6787-vitality-1,6787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6787-LEI-2,6787,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1227,no -6787-vitality-2,6787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1227,no -6788-location-1,6788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.63325931, 135.4326846]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6787-location-1,6787,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-24.75108713, 143.5365228]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6787-location-2,6787,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-24.976099, 143.194084]]}",,Kungkari was spoken in the area of the lower Barcoo and Thomson Rivers in south-western Queensland.,bib1236,no +6787-speakers-1,6787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No speakers for some years now; Kungkari people were hit hard by the expansion of the cattle industry in Queensland in the 19th and early 20th centuries.,bib1191,yes +6787-speakers-2,6787,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib1236,no +6787-LEI-1,6787,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6787-vitality-1,6787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6787-LEI-2,6787,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1236,no +6787-vitality-2,6787,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1236,no +6788-location-1,6788,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-25.63325931, 135.4326846]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6788-location-2,6788,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Northern Territory; Alice Springs, Andado, Arltunga, Blood creek, Charlotte waters, Connor well, Deep well, Finke river, Gillen creek, Hale river, Henbury, Horseshoe bend, Hugh river, Idracowra, Intea, James range, MacDonnell range, Macumba rive, Maryvale, Mount Dare.""}",,,bib69,no -6788-speakers-1,6788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6788-speakers-1,6788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6788-speakers-2,6788,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6788-LEI-1,6788,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6788-vitality-1,6788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6788-LEI-1,6788,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6788-vitality-1,6788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6788-LEI-2,6788,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6788-vitality-2,6788,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6789-location-1,6789,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.13829932, 143.6694397]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6789-speakers-1,6789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes -6789-LEI-1,6789,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6789-vitality-1,6789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes -679-context-1,679,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2981,yes +6789-location-1,6789,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-34.13829932, 143.6694397]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6789-speakers-1,6789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes +6789-LEI-1,6789,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6789-vitality-1,6789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes +679-context-1,679,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2995,yes 679-location-1,679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""California""], ""Description"": ""California"", ""Coordinates"": [[40.75, -121.0]]}",,,bib216,no -679-location-2,679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""South of Pit River""}",,,bib2981,yes -679-location-3,679,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Hat Creek and the Aporige (Apwaruge) of Dixie Valley.""}",,,bib5217,no -679-location-4,679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""California""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally Northeastern California""}",,,bib5309,no -679-speakers-1,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last good speaker died in 1988.,bib2981,yes -679-speakers-2,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There have been no known speakers since 1988.,bib5217,no -679-speakers-3,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers since 1988,bib5309,no -679-LEI-1,679,LEI,Dormant (),,No good speaker since 1988.,bib2981,yes -679-vitality-1,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No good speaker since 1988.,bib2981,yes -679-LEI-2,679,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -679-vitality-2,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -679-LEI-3,679,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5309,no -679-vitality-3,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5309,no -6790-location-1,6790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.71099279, 153.5701791]]}",,,bib1182,no +679-location-2,679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""South of Pit River""}",,,bib2995,yes +679-location-3,679,location,"{""Places"": [""California""], ""Description"": ""Hat Creek and the Aporige (Apwaruge) of Dixie Valley.""}",,,bib5240,no +679-location-4,679,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""California""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally Northeastern California""}",,,bib5332,no +679-speakers-1,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The last good speaker died in 1988.,bib2995,yes +679-speakers-2,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,There have been no known speakers since 1988.,bib5240,no +679-speakers-3,679,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers since 1988,bib5332,no +679-LEI-1,679,LEI,Dormant (),,No good speaker since 1988.,bib2995,yes +679-vitality-1,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,No good speaker since 1988.,bib2995,yes +679-LEI-2,679,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +679-vitality-2,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +679-LEI-3,679,LEI,Dormant,,,bib5332,no +679-vitality-3,679,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5332,no +6790-location-1,6790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-28.71099279, 153.5701791]]}",,,bib1191,no 6790-location-2,6790,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales; Cape Byron, Clarence river, Murwillumbah, Nerang creek, Southport, Cudgen.""}",,,bib69,yes 6790-speakers-1,6790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,yes 6790-LEI-1,6790,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,yes 6790-vitality-1,6790,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,yes -6793-location-1,6793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.3884779, 119.9251173]]}",,,bib1182,no +6793-location-1,6793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.3884779, 119.9251173]]}",,,bib1191,no 6793-location-2,6793,location,"{""Description"": ""Nyiyaparli country is traditionally located to the south of the town of Marble Bar, and includes the area around the town of Newman and the pastoral stations of Roy Hill, Balfour Downs, Ethel Creek and others.""}",,,bib145,no 6793-location-3,6793,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: Davis river; Fortescue river; Jigalong creek; Oakover river; Ophtalmia range; Roy hill; Savory creek; Talawana; Weediwolli creek.""}",,,bib69,no -6793-location-4,6793,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.776182, 119.188957]]}",,"Originally [spoken] from near Lake Disappointment, since having moved westwards to Weedi Wolli Creek at about Mulga Downs Station (Brandenstein 1991 p.c.).",bib7278,yes +6793-location-4,6793,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.776182, 119.188957]]}",,"Originally [spoken] from near Lake Disappointment, since having moved westwards to Weedi Wolli Creek at about Mulga Downs Station (Brandenstein 1991 p.c.).",bib7302,yes 6793-speaker_number-1,6793,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Nyiyaparli language is spoken by around 200 people. There are many more people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language, or who identify as being of Nyiyaparli heritage and speak another language.",bib145,no 6793-speakers-1,6793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Nyiyaparli language is spoken by around 200 people. There are many more people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language, or who identify as being of Nyiyaparli heritage and speak another language.",bib145,no 6793-speaker_number-2,6793,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6793-speakers-2,6793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6793-speaker_number-3,6793,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Oates (1975) [reports] 50 speakers at Marble Bar and Roy Hill. Brandenstein (1972c) [reports] 6 speakers at Marble Bar, Port Hedland and Roy Hill. Geytenbeek (1988 p.c.) says Brian and Helen Geytenbeek's survey of 1972-73 found 60 Nyiyaparli speakers.",bib7278,yes -6793-speakers-3,6793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Oates (1975) [reports] 50 speakers at Marble Bar and Roy Hill. Brandenstein (1972c) [reports] 6 speakers at Marble Bar, Port Hedland and Roy Hill. Geytenbeek (1988 p.c.) says Brian and Helen Geytenbeek's survey of 1972-73 found 60 Nyiyaparli speakers.",bib7278,yes +6793-speaker_number-3,6793,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Oates (1975) [reports] 50 speakers at Marble Bar and Roy Hill. Brandenstein (1972c) [reports] 6 speakers at Marble Bar, Port Hedland and Roy Hill. Geytenbeek (1988 p.c.) says Brian and Helen Geytenbeek's survey of 1972-73 found 60 Nyiyaparli speakers.",bib7302,yes +6793-speakers-3,6793,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Oates (1975) [reports] 50 speakers at Marble Bar and Roy Hill. Brandenstein (1972c) [reports] 6 speakers at Marble Bar, Port Hedland and Roy Hill. Geytenbeek (1988 p.c.) says Brian and Helen Geytenbeek's survey of 1972-73 found 60 Nyiyaparli speakers.",bib7302,yes 6793-LEI-1,6793,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib145,no 6793-vitality-1,6793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib145,no 6793-LEI-2,6793,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6793-vitality-2,6793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6793-LEI-3,6793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7278,yes -6793-vitality-3,6793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7278,yes +6793-LEI-3,6793,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7302,yes +6793-vitality-3,6793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7302,yes 6794-location-1,6794,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Coleman river, Crosbie river."", ""Coordinates"": [[-15.2, 142.4]]}",,,bib68,yes 6794-speaker_number-1,6794,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(2006 AUSTLANG),bib68,yes 6794-speakers-1,6794,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(2006 AUSTLANG),bib68,yes 6794-LEI-1,6794,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Olkol as: 8b (nearly extinct).,bib68,yes 6794-vitality-1,6794,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Olkol as: 8b (nearly extinct).,bib68,yes -6796-location-1,6796,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.48006595, 142.5485119]]}",,,bib1182,no +6796-location-1,6796,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.48006595, 142.5485119]]}",,,bib1191,no 6796-location-2,6796,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland; Canaway range, Coopers creek, Gilpeppee, Jundah, Keeroongooloo, Thomson river, Whitula creek.""}",,,bib69,no -6796-location-3,6796,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.562265, 142.13768]]}",,"Pirriya was spoken on Coopers Creek in south-western Queensland. The area given by Tinsdale (1974:166) is 'western side of Thomson River and Cooper Creek from Jundah to near Gilpeppee; east to Keeroongooloo and Canaway Ridge, west to Whitula Creek.' ",bib1229,yes -6796-speakers-1,6796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6796-location-3,6796,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.562265, 142.13768]]}",,"Pirriya was spoken on Coopers Creek in south-western Queensland. The area given by Tinsdale (1974:166) is 'western side of Thomson River and Cooper Creek from Jundah to near Gilpeppee; east to Keeroongooloo and Canaway Ridge, west to Whitula Creek.' ",bib1238,yes +6796-speakers-1,6796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6796-speakers-2,6796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6796-speakers-3,6796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last speaker of Pirriya was... of Keeroongooloo Station, who died in 1969.",bib1229,yes -6796-LEI-1,6796,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6796-vitality-1,6796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6796-speakers-3,6796,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"The last speaker of Pirriya was... of Keeroongooloo Station, who died in 1969.",bib1238,yes +6796-LEI-1,6796,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6796-vitality-1,6796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6796-LEI-2,6796,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6796-vitality-2,6796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6796-LEI-3,6796,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1229,yes -6796-vitality-3,6796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1229,yes -6798-location-1,6798,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.86346983, 115.7997592]]}",,,bib1182,no +6796-LEI-3,6796,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1238,yes +6796-vitality-3,6796,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1238,yes +6798-location-1,6798,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.86346983, 115.7997592]]}",,,bib1191,no 6798-location-2,6798,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia""}",,,bib69,no -6798-location-3,6798,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from Warriyangka along the upper reaches of the Frederick River and into the Barlee Range."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.644524, 116.672973]]}",,,bib596,no -6798-speakers-1,6798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no -6798-speaker_number-2,6798,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Peter Salmon, from the Gascoyne region of remote Western Australia, is 87 years old and the last speaker of the Thiinma language... there are no known speakers — other than Mr Salmon — living today.",bib6997,yes -6798-speakers-2,6798,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"Peter Salmon, from the Gascoyne region of remote Western Australia, is 87 years old and the last speaker of the Thiinma language... there are no known speakers — other than Mr Salmon — living today.",bib6997,yes +6798-location-3,6798,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken inland from Warriyangka along the upper reaches of the Frederick River and into the Barlee Range."", ""Coordinates"": [[-23.644524, 116.672973]]}",,,bib599,no +6798-speakers-1,6798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no +6798-speaker_number-2,6798,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Peter Salmon, from the Gascoyne region of remote Western Australia, is 87 years old and the last speaker of the Thiinma language... there are no known speakers — other than Mr Salmon — living today.",bib7021,yes +6798-speakers-2,6798,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2021"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"Peter Salmon, from the Gascoyne region of remote Western Australia, is 87 years old and the last speaker of the Thiinma language... there are no known speakers — other than Mr Salmon — living today.",bib7021,yes 6798-speakers-3,6798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6798-speakers-4,6798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib596,no -6798-LEI-1,6798,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6798-vitality-1,6798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no -6798-LEI-2,6798,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6997,yes -6798-transmission-2,6798,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6997,yes -6798-vitality-2,6798,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6997,yes +6798-speakers-4,6798,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib599,no +6798-LEI-1,6798,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6798-vitality-1,6798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no +6798-LEI-2,6798,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7021,yes +6798-transmission-2,6798,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7021,yes +6798-vitality-2,6798,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7021,yes 6798-LEI-3,6798,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6798-vitality-3,6798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6798-LEI-4,6798,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib596,no -6798-vitality-4,6798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib596,no -6799-location-1,6799,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Several people who remember words of the language live in Derby and Mowanjum."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.4794917, 123.6668837]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6798-LEI-4,6798,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib599,no +6798-vitality-4,6798,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib599,no +6799-location-1,6799,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Several people who remember words of the language live in Derby and Mowanjum."", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.4794917, 123.6668837]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6799-location-2,6799,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia, northeast King sound from east Stokes bay north to Crawford bay, eastern islands of the sound from Helpman island to Caffarelli.""}",,,bib69,no -6799-speakers-1,6799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes +6799-speakers-1,6799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes 6799-speakers-2,6799,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6799-LEI-1,6799,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6799-vitality-1,6799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6799-LEI-1,6799,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6799-vitality-1,6799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6799-LEI-2,6799,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6799-vitality-2,6799,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6800-location-1,6800,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,yes +6800-location-1,6800,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,yes 6800-location-2,6800,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""New South Wales, Murray river, Murrumbidgee Junction, Piangil, Swan Hill, Tyntynder; Victoria, Moolpa.""}",,,bib69,no -6800-speakers-1,6800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6800-LEI-1,6800,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6800-vitality-1,6800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6802-location-1,6802,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1182,no +6800-speakers-1,6800,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6800-LEI-1,6800,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6800-vitality-1,6800,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6802-location-1,6802,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib1191,no 6802-location-2,6802,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia""}",,,bib69,no -6802-location-3,6802,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.807561, 116.251402]]}",,"[Spoken at] Swan River inland to beyond Wongan Hills; at Northam, Newcastle, Toodyay, York, Perth; south along the coast to Pinjarra.",bib7278,yes -6802-speakers-1,6802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,no +6802-location-3,6802,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-31.807561, 116.251402]]}",,"[Spoken at] Swan River inland to beyond Wongan Hills; at Northam, Newcastle, Toodyay, York, Perth; south along the coast to Pinjarra.",bib7302,yes +6802-speakers-1,6802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,no 6802-speakers-2,6802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6802-speakers-3,6802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7278,yes -6802-LEI-1,6802,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,no -6802-vitality-1,6802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,no +6802-speakers-3,6802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib7302,yes +6802-LEI-1,6802,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,no +6802-vitality-1,6802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,no 6802-LEI-2,6802,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6802-vitality-2,6802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6802-LEI-3,6802,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7278,yes -6802-vitality-3,6802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7278,yes -6803-location-1,6803,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.10148693, 143.1961902]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6802-LEI-3,6802,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7302,yes +6802-vitality-3,6802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7302,yes +6803-location-1,6803,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.10148693, 143.1961902]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6803-location-2,6803,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Victoria; northwest of Annandale, at Kalidawarry, lower portion of Field and Cooper creek east of Nappa Merrie and Orientos to the Wilson river at Nockatunga.""}",,,bib69,no -6803-speakers-1,6803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +6803-speakers-1,6803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 6803-speaker_number-2,6803,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6803-speakers-2,6803,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6803-LEI-1,6803,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6803-vitality-1,6803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6803-LEI-1,6803,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6803-vitality-1,6803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6803-LEI-2,6803,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6803-vitality-2,6803,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -6804-location-1,6804,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.87647555, 152.4602773]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6804-location-1,6804,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-27.87647555, 152.4602773]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6804-location-2,6804,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Queensland, Brisbane river from Cleveland district inland to Gatton area, north to near Esk, Ipswich.""}",,,bib69,no -6804-speakers-1,6804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1182,yes +6804-speakers-1,6804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1191,yes 6804-speakers-2,6804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known L1 speakers.,bib69,no -6804-LEI-1,6804,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1182,yes -6804-vitality-1,6804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1182,yes +6804-LEI-1,6804,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1191,yes +6804-vitality-1,6804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1191,yes 6804-LEI-2,6804,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 6804-vitality-2,6804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -6806-location-1,6806,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.5755995, 139.2054327]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6806-speakers-1,6806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6806-LEI-1,6806,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6806-vitality-1,6806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6807-location-1,6807,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.83704896, 139.5843623]]}",,,bib1182,yes +6806-location-1,6806,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-35.5755995, 139.2054327]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6806-speakers-1,6806,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6806-LEI-1,6806,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6806-vitality-1,6806,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6807-location-1,6807,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-25.83704896, 139.5843623]]}",,,bib1191,yes 6807-location-2,6807,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""South Australia: Alton Downs; Annandale; Atna Hill; Birdsville; Diamantina river; Mulligan river.""}",,,bib69,no -6807-speakers-1,6807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1182,yes -6807-LEI-1,6807,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1182,yes -6807-vitality-1,6807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1182,yes -6808-location-1,6808,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.91785237, 117.5628279]]}",,,bib1182,yes -6808-location-2,6808,location,"{""Description"": ""The Yinhawangka people traditionally lived around an area in the Pilbara to the south east of the town of Onslow. It covers the area containing the Angelo River, Ashburton River, Hardey River, Kunderong Range, Mount Vernon Station, Rocklea and Turee Creek... Remaining Yinhawangka speakers live in the community of Bellary Springs located between the towns of Tom Price and Paraburdoo, and in the town of Tom Price.""}",,,bib1597,no +6807-speakers-1,6807,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?""}",,,bib1191,yes +6807-LEI-1,6807,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib1191,yes +6807-vitality-1,6807,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib1191,yes +6808-location-1,6808,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-23.91785237, 117.5628279]]}",,,bib1191,yes +6808-location-2,6808,location,"{""Description"": ""The Yinhawangka people traditionally lived around an area in the Pilbara to the south east of the town of Onslow. It covers the area containing the Angelo River, Ashburton River, Hardey River, Kunderong Range, Mount Vernon Station, Rocklea and Turee Creek... Remaining Yinhawangka speakers live in the community of Bellary Springs located between the towns of Tom Price and Paraburdoo, and in the town of Tom Price.""}",,,bib1609,no 6808-location-3,6808,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""], ""Description"": ""Western Australia: Angelo river; Ashburton river; Hardey river; Kunderong range; Mount Vernon station; Rocklea; Turee creek.""}",,,bib69,no -6808-speaker_number-1,6808,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than four speakers of the Yinhawangka language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yinhawangka and many more identify as being from Yinhawangka heritage. Yinhawangka is classified as a critically endangered language... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language. There appear to be no children who are speaking the language as a first or strong second language.",bib1597,no -6808-speakers-1,6808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than four speakers of the Yinhawangka language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yinhawangka and many more identify as being from Yinhawangka heritage. Yinhawangka is classified as a critically endangered language... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language. There appear to be no children who are speaking the language as a first or strong second language.",bib1597,no +6808-speaker_number-1,6808,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than four speakers of the Yinhawangka language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yinhawangka and many more identify as being from Yinhawangka heritage. Yinhawangka is classified as a critically endangered language... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language. There appear to be no children who are speaking the language as a first or strong second language.",bib1609,no +6808-speakers-1,6808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<4"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2004 there were estimated to be less than four speakers of the Yinhawangka language. A number of people are partial speakers, have a passive knowledge of Yinhawangka and many more identify as being from Yinhawangka heritage. Yinhawangka is classified as a critically endangered language... Most speakers are elderly with some children of speakers having a strong partial knowledge of the language. There appear to be no children who are speaking the language as a first or strong second language.",bib1609,no 6808-speaker_number-2,6808,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no 6808-speakers-2,6808,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,(AUSTLANG),bib69,no -6808-LEI-1,6808,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1597,no -6808-vitality-1,6808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1597,no +6808-LEI-1,6808,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1609,no +6808-vitality-1,6808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1609,no 6808-LEI-2,6808,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 6808-vitality-2,6808,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 681-location-1,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Tocantins State, island of Bananal, and upper Tocantins River valley"", ""Goias State, Terra Indigena Ava-Canoeiro.""]}",,,bib67,no -681-location-2,681,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.0847, -48.0418]]}",,,bib5307,no -681-location-3,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Goias State and Tocantins State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Ava-Canoeiro, municaplities of Micacu and Colinas do Sul; Tocantins State in the Terra Indigena Inawebohona, in the Posto Indigena Canoana in the interior of the Javaes River on the Bananal Island, and in the municipalities of Formoso do Araguaia, Lagoa da Confusao, Sandolandia and Pium.""}",,,bib1903,no +681-location-2,681,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.0847, -48.0418]]}",,,bib5330,no +681-location-3,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil: Goias State and Tocantins State""], ""Description"": ""Terra Indigena Ava-Canoeiro, municaplities of Micacu and Colinas do Sul; Tocantins State in the Terra Indigena Inawebohona, in the Posto Indigena Canoana in the interior of the Javaes River on the Bananal Island, and in the municipalities of Formoso do Araguaia, Lagoa da Confusao, Sandolandia and Pium.""}",,,bib1915,no 681-location-4,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Tocantins State, island of Bananal, and upper Tocantins river valley"", ""Goias State, Terra Indigena Ava-Canoeiro.""]}",,"Tocantins State, island of Bananal, and upper Tocantins river valley; Goias State, Terra Indigena Ava-Canoeiro.",bib68,no -681-location-5,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,yes +681-location-5,681,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,yes 681-speaker_number-1,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,(1998 ISA),bib67,no 681-speakers-1,681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,(1998 ISA),bib67,no -681-speaker_number-2,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -681-speakers-2,681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -681-speaker_number-3,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1903,no -681-speakers-3,681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1903,no +681-speaker_number-2,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +681-speakers-2,681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +681-speaker_number-3,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1915,no +681-speakers-3,681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1915,no 681-speaker_number-4,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"14 (Moore 2006). 14 monolinguals. All speakers are monolingual. Ethnic population: 46 (2009 ISA). All speakers are monolingual. @@ -61277,24 +61481,24 @@ All speakers are monolingual. The groups in Tocantins and Goias speak different dialects, and have lived apart for over 100 years.",bib68,no 681-speaker_number-5,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 681-speakers-5,681,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""56"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -681-speaker_number-6,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1902,yes -681-speakers-6,681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1902,yes +681-speaker_number-6,681,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib1914,yes +681-speakers-6,681,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib1914,yes 681-LEI-1,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 681-vitality-1,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -681-LEI-2,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -681-vitality-2,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -681-LEI-3,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -681-vitality-3,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +681-LEI-2,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +681-vitality-2,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +681-LEI-3,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +681-vitality-3,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 681-LEI-4,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All 14 speakers are monolingual.,bib68,no 681-vitality-4,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,All 14 speakers are monolingual.,bib68,no 681-LEI-5,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 681-vitality-5,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -681-LEI-6,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -681-vitality-6,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,yes +681-LEI-6,681,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +681-vitality-6,681,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,yes 682-location-1,682,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.4166666667, -91.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 682-location-2,682,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,Western Huehuetenango Department.,bib67,no -682-location-3,682,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Aguacat\u00e1n, Huehuetenango""}",,,bib6077,no -682-location-4,682,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""240 square kilometers""}",,,bib5849,no +682-location-3,682,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Aguacat\u00e1n, Huehuetenango""}",,,bib6101,no +682-location-4,682,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""240 square kilometers""}",,,bib5873,no 682-speaker_number-1,682,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from SIL (1998). 18,000 (1998 SIL) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no @@ -61302,326 +61506,326 @@ The groups in Tocantins and Goias speak different dialects, and have lived apart 18,000 (1998 SIL) (2013, unchanged).",bib67,no 682-speakers-2,682,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,068"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"5,207 men; 5,861 women. 2002 Census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -682-speaker_number-3,682,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6077,no -682-speakers-3,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6077,no -682-speaker_number-4,682,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5849,no -682-speakers-4,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,272"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5849,no +682-speaker_number-3,682,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6101,no +682-speakers-3,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6101,no +682-speaker_number-4,682,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5873,no +682-speakers-4,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,272"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5873,no 682-speaker_number-5,682,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 682-speakers-5,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 682-speaker_number-6,682,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"16,272 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 682-speakers-6,682,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,272"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"16,272 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 682-LEI-1,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 682-vitality-1,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -682-LEI-2,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -682-vitality-2,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no -682-LEI-3,682,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -682-vitality-3,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no +682-LEI-2,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +682-vitality-2,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no +682-LEI-3,682,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +682-vitality-3,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no 682-LEI-4,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 682-vitality-4,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -682-LEI-5,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -682-vitality-5,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -684-context-1,684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""A few Aweti speak Portuguese also.""}",,,bib1903,no -684-location-1,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil,\nin the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil""]}",,in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil,bib2293,no -684-location-2,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.2, -53.22]]}",,,bib2291,yes +682-LEI-5,682,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +682-vitality-5,682,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +684-context-1,684,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""A few Aweti speak Portuguese also.""}",,,bib1915,no +684-location-1,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil,\nin the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil""]}",,in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil,bib2306,no +684-location-2,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Upper Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brazil""], ""Coordinates"": [[-12.2, -53.22]]}",,,bib2304,yes 684-location-3,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Mato Grosso, Xing\u00fa park, Rio Culiseu (upper Xing\u00fa River), 2 villages: Aweti, Sauva.""}",,"Mato Grosso, Xingú park, Rio Culiseu (upper Xingú River), 2 villages: Aweti, Sauva.",bib67,no -684-location-4,684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.2053, -53.3705]]}",,,bib5307,no -684-location-5,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Southern part of the Parque Indigena do Xingu, two villages.""}",,,bib1903,no -684-location-6,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1902,no -684-speaker_number-1,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken by ca. 170 people in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil.,bib2293,no -684-speakers-1,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken by ca. 170 people in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil.,bib2293,no -684-speaker_number-2,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2291,yes -684-speakers-2,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2291,yes +684-location-4,684,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.2053, -53.3705]]}",,,bib5330,no +684-location-5,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Mato Grosso State""], ""Description"": ""Southern part of the Parque Indigena do Xingu, two villages.""}",,,bib1915,no +684-location-6,684,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""]}",,,bib1914,no +684-speaker_number-1,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Spoken by ca. 170 people in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil.,bib2306,no +684-speakers-1,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Spoken by ca. 170 people in the Upper Xingu area of Central Brazil.,bib2306,no +684-speaker_number-2,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2304,yes +684-speakers-2,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""225"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2020"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2304,yes 684-speaker_number-3,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2006). 170 (2011 S. Drude) (2013).",bib67,no 684-speakers-3,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from ISA (2006). 170 (2011 S. Drude) (2013).",bib67,no -684-speaker_number-4,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -684-speakers-4,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -684-speaker_number-5,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -684-speakers-5,684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""138"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +684-speaker_number-4,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +684-speakers-4,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +684-speaker_number-5,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +684-speakers-5,684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""138"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""138"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 684-speaker_number-6,684,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 684-speakers-6,684,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""90"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -684-speaker_number-7,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1902,no -684-speakers-7,684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1902,no -684-LEI-1,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2293,no -684-vitality-1,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2293,no -684-LEI-2,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6a endangered/vigorous,bib2291,yes -684-vitality-2,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,EGIDS 6a endangered/vigorous,bib2291,yes +684-speaker_number-7,684,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1914,no +684-speakers-7,684,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""160"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""160"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1914,no +684-LEI-1,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2306,no +684-vitality-1,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2306,no +684-LEI-2,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,EGIDS 6a endangered/vigorous,bib2304,yes +684-vitality-2,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,EGIDS 6a endangered/vigorous,bib2304,yes 684-LEI-3,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 684-vitality-3,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -684-LEI-4,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -684-vitality-4,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -684-LEI-5,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -684-vitality-5,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +684-LEI-4,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +684-vitality-4,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +684-LEI-5,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +684-vitality-5,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 684-LEI-6,684,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 684-vitality-6,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -684-LEI-7,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -684-vitality-7,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -685-context-1,685,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""In Bolivia, the Ayoreo women show great linguistic fidelity.""}",,,bib1903,yes +684-LEI-7,684,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +684-vitality-7,684,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +685-context-1,685,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""In Bolivia, the Ayoreo women show great linguistic fidelity.""}",,,bib1915,yes 685-location-1,685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.25, -59.25]]}",,,bib216,no 685-location-2,685,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay"", ""Bolivia""]}",,"Boquerón Department, Campo Loro, Ebetogue, Jesudi, and Tunocojai; Alto Paraguay Department, Guidaichai, Isla Alta, Cucaani, and Arocojnadi.",bib67,no 685-location-3,685,location,"{""Places"": [""Paraguay""]}",,"In Paraguay: Alto Paraguay department: Arocojnadi, Cucaani, Guidaichai, and Isla Alta; Boqueron department: Campo Loro, Ebetogue, Jesudi, and Tunocojai. In Bolivia: Santa Cruz department: Ángel Sandoval, Chiquitos, Germán Busch, and Ñuflo de Chávez provinces; Santa Cruz de la Sierra city, Zapocó, Poza Verde, Puesto Paz, Guidai Ichai, Santa Teresita, Tobité, Urucú, Motacú, Rincón del Tigre, Belen.",bib70,no -685-location-4,685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.719, -59.6228]]}",,,bib2680,no -685-location-5,685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.719, -59.6228]]}",,,bib5307,no -685-location-6,685,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia: the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra"", ""Paraguay: Department of Boqueron""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Gran Chaco region, Departmen of Santa Gruz, provinces of Nuflo de Chaves, Chiquitos, Sandoval and Busch, the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra; Paraguay, Department of Boqueron, Mariscal Estigarribia, General Eugenio A. Garay, and Menno districts, Department of Alto Paraguay, District of La Victoria.""}",,,bib1903,yes +685-location-4,685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.719, -59.6228]]}",,,bib2693,no +685-location-5,685,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-18.719, -59.6228]]}",,,bib5330,no +685-location-6,685,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia: the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra"", ""Paraguay: Department of Boqueron""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia, Gran Chaco region, Departmen of Santa Gruz, provinces of Nuflo de Chaves, Chiquitos, Sandoval and Busch, the city of Santa Cruz de la Sierra; Paraguay, Department of Boqueron, Mariscal Estigarribia, General Eugenio A. Garay, and Menno districts, Department of Alto Paraguay, District of La Victoria.""}",,,bib1915,yes 685-speaker_number-1,685,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are 2,300 speakers in Paraguay (Perik 2007).",bib67,no 685-speakers-1,685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,070"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are 2,300 speakers in Paraguay (Perik 2007).",bib67,no 685-speaker_number-2,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,600 in Paraguay, 1,700 in Bolivia.",bib70,no 685-speakers-2,685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009 (Paraguay), 2006 (Bolivia)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,600 in Paraguay, 1,700 in Bolivia.",bib70,no -685-speaker_number-3,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -685-speakers-3,685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -685-speaker_number-4,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,yes -685-speakers-4,685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1675"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,585"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,yes +685-speaker_number-3,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +685-speakers-3,685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +685-speaker_number-4,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,yes +685-speakers-4,685,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1675"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,585"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,yes 685-speaker_number-5,685,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 685-speakers-5,685,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,771"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 685-LEI-1,685,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 685-vitality-1,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 685-LEI-2,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 685-vitality-2,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -685-LEI-3,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -685-vitality-3,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -685-LEI-4,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,yes -685-vitality-4,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,yes +685-LEI-3,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +685-vitality-3,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +685-LEI-4,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,yes +685-vitality-4,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,yes 685-LEI-5,685,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 685-vitality-5,685,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 686-context-1,686,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib70,no -686-location-1,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1800,yes +686-location-1,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Venezuela""]}",,,bib1812,yes 686-location-2,686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0, -73.0]]}",,,bib216,no 686-location-3,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Colombia""]}",,"Norte de Santander Department, Serranía de los Motilones, Upper Catatumbo and Oro River region, Reserva Indígena Motilón-Barí and Resguardo Indígena Gabarra-Catalaura; also in Cesar Department, Chimichagua, La Gloria, and Pailitas municipalities.",bib67,no 686-location-4,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia, Venezuela""]}",,"In Colombia: Cesar department: Chimichagua, La Gloria, and Pailitas municipalities; Norte de Santander department: Reserva Indígena Motilón-Barí and Resguardo Indígena Gabarra-Catalaura in Upper Catatumbo and Oro rivers and Serranía de los Motilones region. In Venezuela: Zulia state: Sierra de Perijá southern zone, to Yukpa territory north and Catatumbo River south.",bib70,no -686-location-5,686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0261, -73.2678]]}",,,bib5307,no -686-location-6,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1903,no +686-location-5,686,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.0261, -73.2678]]}",,,bib5330,no +686-location-6,686,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1915,no 686-speaker_number-1,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"2,500 speakers in 2001 (1,000 in -Colombia, 1,500 in Venezuela",bib1800,yes +Colombia, 1,500 in Venezuela",bib1812,yes 686-speakers-1,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"2,500 speakers in 2001 (1,000 in -Colombia, 1,500 in Venezuela",bib1800,yes +Colombia, 1,500 in Venezuela",bib1812,yes 686-speaker_number-2,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are 3,620 speakers in Colombia (2001).",bib67,no 686-speakers-2,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,390"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are 3,620 speakers in Colombia (2001).",bib67,no 686-speaker_number-3,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,500 in Colombia; 1,500 in Venezuela.",bib70,no 686-speakers-3,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008 (Colombia), 2007 (Venezuela)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 in Colombia; 1,500 in Venezuela.",bib70,no -686-speaker_number-4,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -686-speakers-4,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -686-speaker_number-5,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1903,no -686-speakers-5,686,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1903,no +686-speaker_number-4,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +686-speakers-4,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +686-speaker_number-5,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1915,no +686-speakers-5,686,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5060"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,060"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1915,no 686-speaker_number-6,686,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,500 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 5,000 (2013).",bib233,no 686-speakers-6,686,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,500 in Colombia (Civallero 2008). Population total all countries: 5,000 (2013).",bib233,no -686-LEI-1,686,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1800,yes -686-transmission-1,686,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1800,yes -686-speaker_number_trends-1,686,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1800,yes -686-vitality-1,686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1800,yes +686-LEI-1,686,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1812,yes +686-transmission-1,686,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1812,yes +686-speaker_number_trends-1,686,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1812,yes +686-vitality-1,686,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Barí can be classified as enduring because there are more younger than older speakers, and the population of speakers has tended to remain constant (pp.425-426).",bib1812,yes 686-LEI-2,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 686-vitality-2,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 686-LEI-3,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 686-vitality-3,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no -686-LEI-4,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -686-vitality-4,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -686-LEI-5,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -686-vitality-5,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +686-LEI-4,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +686-vitality-4,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +686-LEI-5,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +686-vitality-5,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 686-LEI-6,686,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 686-vitality-6,686,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -687-location-1,687,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica"", ""Panama""]}",,,bib1800,yes +687-location-1,687,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica"", ""Panama""]}",,,bib1812,yes 687-location-2,687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.41666666667, -83.0]]}",,,bib216,no 687-location-3,687,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""South, Lim\u00f3n Province, Canton of Talamanca, along Lari, Telire, Uren rivers; Puntarenas Province, Canton of Buenos Aires.\n\nSouth, Lim\u00f3n Province, Talamanca canton, along Lari, Telire, and Uren rivers; Puntarenas Province, Buenos Aires canton.""}",,,bib67,no -687-location-4,687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4813, -82.6174]]}",,,bib5307,no -687-location-5,687,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""\""It is spoken in the Talamanca mountain region, which divides the provinces of Puntarenas in the Pacific and Lim\u00f3n in the Atlantic.\"" (Adelaar 2007:198)""}",,,bib6077,no -687-speaker_number-1,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Bribri 5,963 speakers in Costa Rica in 2000 (Constenla-Umaña 2006b: 256), 2,521 members of the ethnic group in Panama (Proyecto Estado de la Región-PNUD 2003) in 2000, (probably about 1,512 speakers) (p.425).",bib1800,yes -687-speakers-1,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,475"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 Costa Rica, 2003? Panama"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Bribri 5,963 speakers in Costa Rica in 2000 (Constenla-Umaña 2006b: 256), 2,521 members of the ethnic group in Panama (Proyecto Estado de la Región-PNUD 2003) in 2000, (probably about 1,512 speakers) (p.425).",bib1800,yes +687-location-4,687,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4813, -82.6174]]}",,,bib5330,no +687-location-5,687,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""\""It is spoken in the Talamanca mountain region, which divides the provinces of Puntarenas in the Pacific and Lim\u00f3n in the Atlantic.\"" (Adelaar 2007:198)""}",,,bib6101,no +687-speaker_number-1,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Bribri 5,963 speakers in Costa Rica in 2000 (Constenla-Umaña 2006b: 256), 2,521 members of the ethnic group in Panama (Proyecto Estado de la Región-PNUD 2003) in 2000, (probably about 1,512 speakers) (p.425).",bib1812,yes +687-speakers-1,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,475"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 Costa Rica, 2003? Panama"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Bribri 5,963 speakers in Costa Rica in 2000 (Constenla-Umaña 2006b: 256), 2,521 members of the ethnic group in Panama (Proyecto Estado de la Región-PNUD 2003) in 2000, (probably about 1,512 speakers) (p.425).",bib1812,yes 687-speaker_number-2,687,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,000 (2002); ethnic population: 12,200 (2000) (2013, no change).",bib67,no 687-speakers-2,687,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,172"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002 speakers, 2000 ethnic population"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,000 (2002); ethnic population: 12,200 (2000) (2013, no change).",bib67,no -687-speaker_number-3,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -687-speakers-3,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,168"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -687-speaker_number-4,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There is extensive bilingualism but the language is not seriously endangered, there being a strong tradition."" (Adelaar 2007:98)",bib6077,no -687-speakers-4,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There is extensive bilingualism but the language is not seriously endangered, there being a strong tradition."" (Adelaar 2007:98)",bib6077,no +687-speaker_number-3,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +687-speakers-3,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,168"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +687-speaker_number-4,687,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"""There is extensive bilingualism but the language is not seriously endangered, there being a strong tradition."" (Adelaar 2007:98)",bib6101,no +687-speakers-4,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"""There is extensive bilingualism but the language is not seriously endangered, there being a strong tradition."" (Adelaar 2007:98)",bib6101,no 687-speaker_number-5,687,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 687-speakers-5,687,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -687-LEI-1,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1800,yes -687-vitality-1,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1800,yes +687-LEI-1,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1812,yes +687-vitality-1,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1812,yes 687-LEI-2,687,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 687-vitality-2,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -687-LEI-3,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -687-vitality-3,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -687-LEI-4,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6077,no -687-vitality-4,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6077,no +687-LEI-3,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +687-vitality-3,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +687-LEI-4,687,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6101,no +687-vitality-4,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6101,no 687-LEI-5,687,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 687-vitality-5,687,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -6909-context-1,6909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi, Ghanaian Sign Language""}",,Most deaf people knew some GSL signs through the church.,bib4419,no -6909-context-2,6909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akan, Ghanaian Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Government supports education in Adamorobe in schools"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""African American Deaf missionary Rev. Andrew Foster"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The hearing portion of the community which constitutes 98%% of the ethnic population.""}",,"Under the chief preceding Nana Kwaakwa Asiampong II, the deaf children were not allowed to go to school outside of the village. This meant they were deprived of education, until the establishment of a special school for the deaf in the village around 1987 by Mr. Adu and Rev. Foster. [...] Most deaf people are positive about their language not because it is prestigious but because they depend on it very much.",bib5588,yes -6909-location-1,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe Village""}",,,bib7915,no -6909-location-2,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe village, Ghana""}",,,bib4419,no -6909-location-3,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Adamorobe village of Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe is a village in the Eastern Region of Ghana situated about 40 kilometres from the capital Accra. The village is located in a bowl-shape valley at the foot of the Akuapem hills."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.859378, -0.197951]]}",,,bib5588,yes -6909-speaker_number-1,6909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"30 deaf people and more than 1,000-3000 hearing people",bib7915,no -6909-speakers-1,6909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,030-3,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"30 deaf people and more than 1,000-3000 hearing people",bib7915,no -6909-speaker_number-2,6909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most recent figure, as of 2012, is 41 deaf people and 3,500 hearing people [in Adamorobe]... Adamorobe is a village where sign language is used by many.",bib4419,no -6909-speakers-2,6909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,541"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most recent figure, as of 2012, is 41 deaf people and 3,500 hearing people [in Adamorobe]... Adamorobe is a village where sign language is used by many.",bib4419,no -6909-speaker_number-3,6909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Considering the fact that deaf people of Adamorobe live and work with their hearing relatives, it is very likely the case that most of the people using AdaSL on a daily basis are in fact hearing people, communicating with a deaf relative, friend, neighbour or customer. [...] Whereas most or all of the communication of deaf people in Adamorobe happens through AdaSL, most of the communication of an average hearing signer is likely to happen in Akan.",bib5588,yes -6909-speakers-3,6909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1750"", ""Young Adults"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""3"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1750 (The hearing portion of the population)""}",,"Considering the fact that deaf people of Adamorobe live and work with their hearing relatives, it is very likely the case that most of the people using AdaSL on a daily basis are in fact hearing people, communicating with a deaf relative, friend, neighbour or customer. [...] Whereas most or all of the communication of deaf people in Adamorobe happens through AdaSL, most of the communication of an average hearing signer is likely to happen in Akan.",bib5588,yes +6909-context-1,6909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Twi, Ghanaian Sign Language""}",,Most deaf people knew some GSL signs through the church.,bib4440,no +6909-context-2,6909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Akan, Ghanaian Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Government supports education in Adamorobe in schools"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""African American Deaf missionary Rev. Andrew Foster"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""The hearing portion of the community which constitutes 98%% of the ethnic population.""}",,"Under the chief preceding Nana Kwaakwa Asiampong II, the deaf children were not allowed to go to school outside of the village. This meant they were deprived of education, until the establishment of a special school for the deaf in the village around 1987 by Mr. Adu and Rev. Foster. [...] Most deaf people are positive about their language not because it is prestigious but because they depend on it very much.",bib5612,yes +6909-location-1,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe Village""}",,,bib7940,no +6909-location-2,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe village, Ghana""}",,,bib4440,no +6909-location-3,6909,location,"{""Places"": [""Adamorobe village of Ghana""], ""Description"": ""Adamorobe is a village in the Eastern Region of Ghana situated about 40 kilometres from the capital Accra. The village is located in a bowl-shape valley at the foot of the Akuapem hills."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.859378, -0.197951]]}",,,bib5612,yes +6909-speaker_number-1,6909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"30 deaf people and more than 1,000-3000 hearing people",bib7940,no +6909-speakers-1,6909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,030-3,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"30 deaf people and more than 1,000-3000 hearing people",bib7940,no +6909-speaker_number-2,6909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The most recent figure, as of 2012, is 41 deaf people and 3,500 hearing people [in Adamorobe]... Adamorobe is a village where sign language is used by many.",bib4440,no +6909-speakers-2,6909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,541"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The most recent figure, as of 2012, is 41 deaf people and 3,500 hearing people [in Adamorobe]... Adamorobe is a village where sign language is used by many.",bib4440,no +6909-speaker_number-3,6909,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Considering the fact that deaf people of Adamorobe live and work with their hearing relatives, it is very likely the case that most of the people using AdaSL on a daily basis are in fact hearing people, communicating with a deaf relative, friend, neighbour or customer. [...] Whereas most or all of the communication of deaf people in Adamorobe happens through AdaSL, most of the communication of an average hearing signer is likely to happen in Akan.",bib5612,yes +6909-speakers-3,6909,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1750"", ""Young Adults"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""35"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""3"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1750 (The hearing portion of the population)""}",,"Considering the fact that deaf people of Adamorobe live and work with their hearing relatives, it is very likely the case that most of the people using AdaSL on a daily basis are in fact hearing people, communicating with a deaf relative, friend, neighbour or customer. [...] Whereas most or all of the communication of deaf people in Adamorobe happens through AdaSL, most of the communication of an average hearing signer is likely to happen in Akan.",bib5612,yes 6909-speaker_number-4,6909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number includes hearing people,bib67,no 6909-speakers-4,6909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number includes hearing people,bib67,no -6909-LEI-1,6909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -6909-vitality-1,6909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no -6909-LEI-2,6909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4419,no -6909-vitality-2,6909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4419,no -6909-LEI-3,6909,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5588,yes -6909-transmission-3,6909,transmission,1,transmission-1,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5588,yes -6909-domains_of_use-3,6909,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5588,yes -6909-speaker_number_trends-3,6909,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5588,yes -6909-vitality-3,6909,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5588,yes +6909-LEI-1,6909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +6909-vitality-1,6909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no +6909-LEI-2,6909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4440,no +6909-vitality-2,6909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4440,no +6909-LEI-3,6909,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5612,yes +6909-transmission-3,6909,transmission,1,transmission-1,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5612,yes +6909-domains_of_use-3,6909,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5612,yes +6909-speaker_number_trends-3,6909,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5612,yes +6909-vitality-3,6909,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,The mean age of 32.4 years noted was interpreted by the team as an indication that the deaf population in the village is aging.,bib5612,yes 6909-LEI-4,6909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6909-vitality-4,6909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 6949-location-1,6949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.78, -88.96]]}",,,bib75,no 6949-location-2,6949,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""Belize""]}",,,bib67,yes -6949-speakers-1,6949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,155""}",,,bib5307,no +6949-speakers-1,6949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,155""}",,,bib5330,no 6949-speakers-2,6949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000""}",,,bib233,no 6949-speaker_number-3,6949,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"700,000 in Mexico (1990 census).",bib67,yes 6949-speakers-3,6949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""706,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"700,000 in Mexico (1990 census).",bib67,yes 6949-LEI-1,6949,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6949-vitality-1,6949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -6969-context-1,6969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waiwai, Wapishana""}",,,bib1902,yes -6969-location-1,6969,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.515, -59.5678]]}",,,bib5307,no +6969-context-1,6969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Waiwai, Wapishana""}",,,bib1914,yes +6969-location-1,6969,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[2.515, -59.5678]]}",,,bib5330,no 6969-location-2,6969,location,"{""Places"": [""Guyana""]}",,"Southern East Berbice-Corentyne and Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo regions, Guyana-Brazil border area, in the Wapishana [wap] language area.",bib70,no -6969-location-3,6969,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana""]}",,,bib1902,yes +6969-location-3,6969,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Guyana""]}",,,bib1914,yes 6969-speaker_number-1,6969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib70,no 6969-speakers-1,6969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib70,no -6969-speaker_number-2,6969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In the early 1920s, the anthropologist/archaeologist Walter Roth claimed that the Taruma had all but become extinct as a separate group, which is corroborated by the missionary Father Cary-Elwes’s statements that in mid-1922 he had advised the Taruma to intermarry with the Waiwai: ‘Last time I was here [1919, EBC], I told the Tarumas that they were a sickly lot and clearly dying out, due probably to their in-marriage, and their only chance of survival was for them to take unto themselves Waiwai wives’ (Butt, Colson and Morton 1982:240; see also Rivière 1963:164). In spite of their incessant precarious situation over the last two centuries, there are still three Taruma speakers in Guyana, living among the Wapishana.",bib1498,no -6969-speakers-2,6969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In the early 1920s, the anthropologist/archaeologist Walter Roth claimed that the Taruma had all but become extinct as a separate group, which is corroborated by the missionary Father Cary-Elwes’s statements that in mid-1922 he had advised the Taruma to intermarry with the Waiwai: ‘Last time I was here [1919, EBC], I told the Tarumas that they were a sickly lot and clearly dying out, due probably to their in-marriage, and their only chance of survival was for them to take unto themselves Waiwai wives’ (Butt, Colson and Morton 1982:240; see also Rivière 1963:164). In spite of their incessant precarious situation over the last two centuries, there are still three Taruma speakers in Guyana, living among the Wapishana.",bib1498,no +6969-speaker_number-2,6969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In the early 1920s, the anthropologist/archaeologist Walter Roth claimed that the Taruma had all but become extinct as a separate group, which is corroborated by the missionary Father Cary-Elwes’s statements that in mid-1922 he had advised the Taruma to intermarry with the Waiwai: ‘Last time I was here [1919, EBC], I told the Tarumas that they were a sickly lot and clearly dying out, due probably to their in-marriage, and their only chance of survival was for them to take unto themselves Waiwai wives’ (Butt, Colson and Morton 1982:240; see also Rivière 1963:164). In spite of their incessant precarious situation over the last two centuries, there are still three Taruma speakers in Guyana, living among the Wapishana.",bib1510,no +6969-speakers-2,6969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In the early 1920s, the anthropologist/archaeologist Walter Roth claimed that the Taruma had all but become extinct as a separate group, which is corroborated by the missionary Father Cary-Elwes’s statements that in mid-1922 he had advised the Taruma to intermarry with the Waiwai: ‘Last time I was here [1919, EBC], I told the Tarumas that they were a sickly lot and clearly dying out, due probably to their in-marriage, and their only chance of survival was for them to take unto themselves Waiwai wives’ (Butt, Colson and Morton 1982:240; see also Rivière 1963:164). In spite of their incessant precarious situation over the last two centuries, there are still three Taruma speakers in Guyana, living among the Wapishana.",bib1510,no 6969-speaker_number-3,6969,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Taruma was thought to be extinct, since it was believed that the ethnic group had disappeared or had been assimilated into other indigenous groups by the mid-nineteenth century. Carlin, however, mentions a few -speakers in Maruranau, a Wapishana village in the Rupanuni, Guyana.",bib1902,yes +speakers in Maruranau, a Wapishana village in the Rupanuni, Guyana.",bib1914,yes 6969-speakers-3,6969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""A few"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Taruma was thought to be extinct, since it was believed that the ethnic group had disappeared or had been assimilated into other indigenous groups by the mid-nineteenth century. Carlin, however, mentions a few -speakers in Maruranau, a Wapishana village in the Rupanuni, Guyana.",bib1902,yes +speakers in Maruranau, a Wapishana village in the Rupanuni, Guyana.",bib1914,yes 6969-LEI-1,6969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 6969-transmission-1,6969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 6969-speaker_number_trends-1,6969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 6969-vitality-1,6969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -6969-LEI-2,6969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1498,no -6969-vitality-2,6969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1498,no -6969-LEI-3,6969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,yes -6969-transmission-3,6969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1902,yes -6969-speaker_number_trends-3,6969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1902,yes -6969-vitality-3,6969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1902,yes +6969-LEI-2,6969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1510,no +6969-vitality-2,6969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1510,no +6969-LEI-3,6969,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,yes +6969-transmission-3,6969,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1914,yes +6969-speaker_number_trends-3,6969,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib1914,yes +6969-vitality-3,6969,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1914,yes 6990-location-1,6990,location,"{""Places"": [""Trinidad and Tobago""], ""Description"": ""Scattered."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.5, -61.2]]}",,,bib69,yes 6990-speaker_number-1,6990,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(E. Parks),bib69,yes 6990-speakers-1,6990,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(E. Parks),bib69,yes 6990-LEI-1,6990,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 6990-vitality-1,6990,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -6991-context-1,6991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""(Malian) American Sign Language, French, Local languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lower prestige than ASL"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Deaf schools in other sign languages; Association malienne pour les sourds (AMASOURD); Dictionary (1999); HRELP-funded documentation project""}",,"Deaf education in Mali has always been accepting of sign language use, and oralism has not been an official method. Although LSM predominantly emerged outside a school environment and continues to be used there, the language was the initial medium of instruction at both schools for deaf children in Bamako. At the EDA, LSM was replaced by Langue des signes francaise (LSF) following contacts with supporting organizations in France (Bala Keita, pers. comm.). Around 2001 these two schools jointly decided to use ASL for instruction. Around 2009 a volunteer from CECI was appointed for one year to teach Langue des signes quebecoise to a group of deaf pupils.",bib5589,yes -6991-context-2,6991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Preference for American Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most deaf signers in Bamako below the age of 35 are dominant users of American Sign Language,bib5590,no -6991-location-1,6991,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""]}",,,bib5589,yes -6991-location-2,6991,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.65, -8.0], [14.5, -4.2], [15.0, -2.95]]}",,,bib5590,no +6991-context-1,6991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""(Malian) American Sign Language, French, Local languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Lower prestige than ASL"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Deaf schools in other sign languages; Association malienne pour les sourds (AMASOURD); Dictionary (1999); HRELP-funded documentation project""}",,"Deaf education in Mali has always been accepting of sign language use, and oralism has not been an official method. Although LSM predominantly emerged outside a school environment and continues to be used there, the language was the initial medium of instruction at both schools for deaf children in Bamako. At the EDA, LSM was replaced by Langue des signes francaise (LSF) following contacts with supporting organizations in France (Bala Keita, pers. comm.). Around 2001 these two schools jointly decided to use ASL for instruction. Around 2009 a volunteer from CECI was appointed for one year to teach Langue des signes quebecoise to a group of deaf pupils.",bib5613,yes +6991-context-2,6991,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Preference for American Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,Most deaf signers in Bamako below the age of 35 are dominant users of American Sign Language,bib5614,no +6991-location-1,6991,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""]}",,,bib5613,yes +6991-location-2,6991,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.65, -8.0], [14.5, -4.2], [15.0, -2.95]]}",,,bib5614,no 6991-speakers-1,6991,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""40,000-60,000""}",,"If profound deafness is between 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent in Mali as well, this would mean the number of deaf Malians is between 40,000 and 65,000. One medical study on deafness in a Malian population has found that 76 percent of forty-six deaf pupils of the Ecole pour les deficients auditifs (EDA) have noncongenital deafness, for which meningitis was found to be the main cause."" -""In Bamako the LSM user community consists mainly of men.",bib5589,yes +""In Bamako the LSM user community consists mainly of men.",bib5613,yes 6991-speakers-3,6991,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no 6991-LEI-1,6991,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Educated deaf signers favor the use of ASL, whereas the vast majority of signers have not been formally educated and use LSM."" -""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5589,yes +""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5613,yes 6991-domains_of_use-1,6991,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Educated deaf signers favor the use of ASL, whereas the vast majority of signers have not been formally educated and use LSM."" -""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5589,yes +""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5613,yes 6991-speaker_number_trends-1,6991,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Educated deaf signers favor the use of ASL, whereas the vast majority of signers have not been formally educated and use LSM."" -""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5589,yes +""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5613,yes 6991-vitality-1,6991,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Educated deaf signers favor the use of ASL, whereas the vast majority of signers have not been formally educated and use LSM."" -""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5589,yes -6993-context-1,6993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai Sign Language""}",,Ban Khor sign language is rapidly being supplanted--and therefore endangered--by Thai Sign Language.,bib5552,yes -6993-location-1,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Ban Khor Village & surrounding villages, Northeastern Thailand""}",,,bib7915,no -6993-location-2,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Isan"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.0, 103.0]]}",,,bib5553,no -6993-location-3,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Ban Khor is a village in the northeastern Issarn region of Thailand.""}",,,bib5552,yes -6993-speaker_number-1,6993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated 1,000 (including hearing people) (2012)",bib7915,no -6993-speakers-1,6993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated 1,000 (including hearing people) (2012)",bib7915,no -6993-speaker_number-2,6993,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Used by more than 400 people in diverse interactional contexts.,bib5552,yes -6993-speakers-2,6993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Used by more than 400 people in diverse interactional contexts.,bib5552,yes +""Having virtually no child users and a lower status than ASL, LSM is being replaced by ASL in the deaf community in Bamako and in other places with deaf schools.",bib5613,yes +6993-context-1,6993,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Thai Sign Language""}",,Ban Khor sign language is rapidly being supplanted--and therefore endangered--by Thai Sign Language.,bib5576,yes +6993-location-1,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Ban Khor Village & surrounding villages, Northeastern Thailand""}",,,bib7940,no +6993-location-2,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Isan"", ""Coordinates"": [[16.0, 103.0]]}",,,bib5577,no +6993-location-3,6993,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Ban Khor is a village in the northeastern Issarn region of Thailand.""}",,,bib5576,yes +6993-speaker_number-1,6993,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated 1,000 (including hearing people) (2012)",bib7940,no +6993-speakers-1,6993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated 1,000 (including hearing people) (2012)",bib7940,no +6993-speaker_number-2,6993,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Used by more than 400 people in diverse interactional contexts.,bib5576,yes +6993-speakers-2,6993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Used by more than 400 people in diverse interactional contexts.,bib5576,yes 6993-speakers-3,6993,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -6993-LEI-1,6993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -6993-vitality-1,6993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no -6993-LEI-2,6993,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5552,yes -6993-vitality-2,6993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5552,yes +6993-LEI-1,6993,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +6993-vitality-1,6993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no +6993-LEI-2,6993,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5576,yes +6993-vitality-2,6993,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5576,yes 6994-location-1,6994,location,"{""Places"": [""Laos""]}",,,bib68,no -6994-location-2,6994,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.39, 104.52]]}",,,bib3264,no +6994-location-2,6994,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.39, 104.52]]}",,,bib3280,no 6994-speakers-1,6994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib68,no -6994-speakers-2,6994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"There are two sign languages in Laos - 1) Original Laos Sign Language which is close to Original Chiang Mai Sign Language, and 2) (modern) Laos Sign Language which is heavily influenced by Thai Sign Language which is heavily influenced by American Sign Language.",bib7917,yes +6994-speakers-2,6994,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""unknown""}",,"There are two sign languages in Laos - 1) Original Laos Sign Language which is close to Original Chiang Mai Sign Language, and 2) (modern) Laos Sign Language which is heavily influenced by Thai Sign Language which is heavily influenced by American Sign Language.",bib7942,yes 6996-location-1,6996,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[19.433333, -99.133333]]}",,,bib67,yes 6996-speaker_number-1,6996,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"87,000 to 100,000 mainly monolingual users (1986 T. C. Smith-Stark), out of 1,300,000 deaf persons in Mexico (VanCleve 1986)",bib67,yes 6996-speakers-1,6996,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""87,000-100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"87,000 to 100,000 mainly monolingual users (1986 T. C. Smith-Stark), out of 1,300,000 deaf persons in Mexico (VanCleve 1986)",bib67,yes 6996-LEI-1,6996,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 6996-vitality-1,6996,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -6997-context-1,6997,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Almost all schools in the southern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. Only one program in Viet Nam currently uses HCMCSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users""}",,,bib7915,no +6997-context-1,6997,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Almost all schools in the southern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. Only one program in Viet Nam currently uses HCMCSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users""}",,,bib7940,no 6997-context-2,6997,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ha Noi Sign Language; Hai Phong Sign Language; written Vietnnamese"", ""Government Support"": ""preparing"", ""Institutional Support"": ""yes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,"Currently the Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. While it is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but it is not know at this time what information about sign languages in Viet Nam will be included in the law."" -""The Dong Nai Project offers bilingual instruction in HCMCSL and written Vietnamese at the junior high school level, the senior high school level, and the university level.",bib7910,yes -6997-location-1,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib7915,no -6997-location-2,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ho Chi Minh City, provinces to the South of Ho Chi Minh City, and provinces as far north as Da Nang""}",,,bib7910,yes +""The Dong Nai Project offers bilingual instruction in HCMCSL and written Vietnamese at the junior high school level, the senior high school level, and the university level.",bib7935,yes +6997-location-1,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib7940,no +6997-location-2,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ho Chi Minh City, provinces to the South of Ho Chi Minh City, and provinces as far north as Da Nang""}",,,bib7935,yes 6997-location-3,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[10.79, 106.68]]}",,,bib75,no 6997-location-4,6997,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""]}",,,bib67,no -6997-speaker_number-1,6997,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7915,no -6997-speakers-1,6997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000-45,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7915,no -6997-speaker_number-2,6997,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 45, 074 deaf people living in the area where HCMCSL is used. The estimated number of users of HCMCSL is up to 45,000 users.",bib7910,yes -6997-speakers-2,6997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 45, 074 deaf people living in the area where HCMCSL is used. The estimated number of users of HCMCSL is up to 45,000 users.",bib7910,yes +6997-speaker_number-1,6997,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7940,no +6997-speakers-1,6997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,000-45,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7940,no +6997-speaker_number-2,6997,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 45, 074 deaf people living in the area where HCMCSL is used. The estimated number of users of HCMCSL is up to 45,000 users.",bib7935,yes +6997-speakers-2,6997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 45, 074 deaf people living in the area where HCMCSL is used. The estimated number of users of HCMCSL is up to 45,000 users.",bib7935,yes 6997-speakers-3,6997,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -6997-LEI-1,6997,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -6997-domains_of_use-1,6997,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7915,no -6997-vitality-1,6997,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7915,no -6997-LEI-2,6997,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7910,yes -6997-domains_of_use-2,6997,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7910,yes -6997-vitality-2,6997,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7910,yes -6998-context-1,6998,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Hebrew, Israeli Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The members of the Al-Sayyid shared signing community regularly move between languages; primarily Arabic, Hebrew, the local Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language and Israeli Sign Language. Accordingly, code switching and mixing are increasingly common.",bib4204,no +6997-LEI-1,6997,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +6997-domains_of_use-1,6997,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7940,no +6997-vitality-1,6997,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7940,no +6997-LEI-2,6997,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7935,yes +6997-domains_of_use-2,6997,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7935,yes +6997-vitality-2,6997,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7935,yes +6998-context-1,6998,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic, Hebrew, Israeli Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"The members of the Al-Sayyid shared signing community regularly move between languages; primarily Arabic, Hebrew, the local Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language and Israeli Sign Language. Accordingly, code switching and mixing are increasingly common.",bib4224,no 6998-location-1,6998,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Negev District, Al-Sayyid village.""}",,,bib68,no -6998-location-2,6998,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Small settlement in the Negev desert in southern Israel"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.377614, 34.886169]]}",,,bib561,yes -6998-location-3,6998,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""A settlement in the Negev Desert""}",,,bib4204,no +6998-location-2,6998,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""Small settlement in the Negev desert in southern Israel"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.377614, 34.886169]]}",,,bib564,yes +6998-location-3,6998,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Description"": ""A settlement in the Negev Desert""}",,,bib4224,no 6998-speaker_number-1,6998,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Sandler et al. 2005),bib68,no 6998-speakers-1,6998,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""140"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Also used by many of the 3,500 hearing people in the village.""}",,(Sandler et al. 2005),bib68,no -6998-speaker_number-2,6998,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) has arisen in the last 70 years in an isolated endogamous community with a high incidence of nonsyndromic, genetically recessive, profound pre-lingual neurosensory deafness... Within the past three generations, ≈150 individuals with congenital deafness have been born into the community... the deaf members of the community and a significant fraction of its hearing members communicate by means of a sign language. Siblings and children of deaf individuals and other members of a household (which may include a large extended family) often become fluent signers.",bib561,yes -6998-speakers-2,6998,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) has arisen in the last 70 years in an isolated endogamous community with a high incidence of nonsyndromic, genetically recessive, profound pre-lingual neurosensory deafness... Within the past three generations, ≈150 individuals with congenital deafness have been born into the community... the deaf members of the community and a significant fraction of its hearing members communicate by means of a sign language. Siblings and children of deaf individuals and other members of a household (which may include a large extended family) often become fluent signers.",bib561,yes -6998-speaker_number-3,6998,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Deaf and hearing infants are exposed to signing from birth, within the family environment, with additional (deaf and hearing) adult models in the community... the number of inhabitants [of the Al-Sayyid Bedouin community] is estimated to be over 4500, with nearly 130 deaf individuals",bib4204,no -6998-speakers-3,6998,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">4,630"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Deaf and hearing infants are exposed to signing from birth, within the family environment, with additional (deaf and hearing) adult models in the community... the number of inhabitants [of the Al-Sayyid Bedouin community] is estimated to be over 4500, with nearly 130 deaf individuals",bib4204,no +6998-speaker_number-2,6998,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) has arisen in the last 70 years in an isolated endogamous community with a high incidence of nonsyndromic, genetically recessive, profound pre-lingual neurosensory deafness... Within the past three generations, ≈150 individuals with congenital deafness have been born into the community... the deaf members of the community and a significant fraction of its hearing members communicate by means of a sign language. Siblings and children of deaf individuals and other members of a household (which may include a large extended family) often become fluent signers.",bib564,yes +6998-speakers-2,6998,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~3,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) has arisen in the last 70 years in an isolated endogamous community with a high incidence of nonsyndromic, genetically recessive, profound pre-lingual neurosensory deafness... Within the past three generations, ≈150 individuals with congenital deafness have been born into the community... the deaf members of the community and a significant fraction of its hearing members communicate by means of a sign language. Siblings and children of deaf individuals and other members of a household (which may include a large extended family) often become fluent signers.",bib564,yes +6998-speaker_number-3,6998,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Deaf and hearing infants are exposed to signing from birth, within the family environment, with additional (deaf and hearing) adult models in the community... the number of inhabitants [of the Al-Sayyid Bedouin community] is estimated to be over 4500, with nearly 130 deaf individuals",bib4224,no +6998-speakers-3,6998,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">4,630"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""130?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Deaf and hearing infants are exposed to signing from birth, within the family environment, with additional (deaf and hearing) adult models in the community... the number of inhabitants [of the Al-Sayyid Bedouin community] is estimated to be over 4500, with nearly 130 deaf individuals",bib4224,no 6998-LEI-1,6998,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 6998-vitality-1,6998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -6998-LEI-2,6998,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib561,yes -6998-vitality-2,6998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib561,yes -6998-LEI-3,6998,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4204,no -6998-vitality-3,6998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4204,no -6999-location-1,6999,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Isla Providencia""}",,,bib7915,yes +6998-LEI-2,6998,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib564,yes +6998-vitality-2,6998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib564,yes +6998-LEI-3,6998,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4224,no +6998-vitality-3,6998,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4224,no +6999-location-1,6999,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""], ""Description"": ""Isla Providencia""}",,,bib7940,yes 6999-location-2,6999,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.35, -81.37]]}",,,bib75,no 6999-location-3,6999,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib67,no -6999-speaker_number-1,6999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"19 deaf people and approximately 1,500 hearing people (1986)",bib7915,yes -6999-speakers-1,6999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"19 deaf people and approximately 1,500 hearing people (1986)",bib7915,yes +6999-speaker_number-1,6999,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"19 deaf people and approximately 1,500 hearing people (1986)",bib7940,yes +6999-speakers-1,6999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"19 deaf people and approximately 1,500 hearing people (1986)",bib7940,yes 6999-speaker_number-2,6999,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Known by most people on the Island including 19 born deaf out of 2,500 to 3,000 population (W. Washabaugh 1986)",bib67,no 6999-speakers-2,6999,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Known by most people on the Island including 19 born deaf out of 2,500 to 3,000 population (W. Washabaugh 1986)",bib67,no -6999-LEI-1,6999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -6999-vitality-1,6999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +6999-LEI-1,6999,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +6999-vitality-1,6999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 6999-LEI-2,6999,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 6999-vitality-2,6999,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7000-context-1,7000,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Yucatec Maya""}",,"Many inhabitants of Chican are trilingual to various degrees in Yucatec Maya, Spanish, and YMSL.",bib3124,no -7000-location-1,7000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Nohya Village, South-central Yucatan""}",,,bib7915,yes -7000-location-2,7000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chican village, Yucatan peninsula, Mexico.""}",,,bib3124,no +7000-context-1,7000,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Yucatec Maya""}",,"Many inhabitants of Chican are trilingual to various degrees in Yucatec Maya, Spanish, and YMSL.",bib3139,no +7000-location-1,7000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Nohya Village, South-central Yucatan""}",,,bib7940,yes +7000-location-2,7000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chican village, Yucatan peninsula, Mexico.""}",,,bib3139,no 7000-location-3,7000,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[20.5, -89.0]]}",,,bib75,no 7000-location-4,7000,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Concentrated in south central Yucat\u00e1n, sizeable concentration in northern Quintana Roo (1999 H. Smith)""}",,,bib67,no -7000-speaker_number-1,7000,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,16 deaf people and approximately 500 hearing people (1999),bib7915,yes -7000-speakers-1,7000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,16 deaf people and approximately 500 hearing people (1999),bib7915,yes -7000-speakers-2,7000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17 (Chican variety only)""}",,"The YMSL Chican community is, to this day, the largest deaf community identified in the Yucatec Peninsula. It comprises 17 signers.",bib3124,no +7000-speaker_number-1,7000,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,16 deaf people and approximately 500 hearing people (1999),bib7940,yes +7000-speakers-1,7000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,16 deaf people and approximately 500 hearing people (1999),bib7940,yes +7000-speakers-2,7000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17 (Chican variety only)""}",,"The YMSL Chican community is, to this day, the largest deaf community identified in the Yucatec Peninsula. It comprises 17 signers.",bib3139,no 7000-speaker_number-3,7000,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,16 deaf people out of a village of 500 in the primary location (1999 H. Smith). All use sign (Sacks 1989),bib67,no 7000-speakers-3,7000,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,16 deaf people out of a village of 500 in the primary location (1999 H. Smith). All use sign (Sacks 1989),bib67,no -7000-LEI-1,7000,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7000-vitality-1,7000,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7000-LEI-1,7000,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7000-vitality-1,7000,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7000-LEI-2,7000,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7000-vitality-2,7000,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7001-location-1,7001,location,"{""Places"": [""Argentina""]}",,,bib68,yes 7001-location-2,7001,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-34.8, -59.18]]}",,,bib75,no 7001-speakers-1,7001,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib68,yes -7002-context-1,7002,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""About a dozen schools with services for deaf students; many active deaf associations; Primero Libro de Se\u00f1as en Bolivia (First Book of Signs in Bolivia) published by the Bolivian Ministry of Education and Culture (1992)""}",,,bib3590,yes +7002-context-1,7002,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""About a dozen schools with services for deaf students; many active deaf associations; Primero Libro de Se\u00f1as en Bolivia (First Book of Signs in Bolivia) published by the Bolivian Ministry of Education and Culture (1992)""}",,,bib3608,yes 7002-location-1,7002,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Cochabamba, La Paz, Riberalta, Santa Cruz"", ""Coordinates"": [[-16.499, -68.146]]}",,,bib68,no -7002-location-2,7002,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Throughout the country, especially in cities""}",,"The majority of deaf people are found in the larger cities, like the ones previously identified: La Paz, Santa Cruz, Cochabamba, El Alto, Oruro, and Sucre. Other cities and towns also have deaf populations, as evidenced by schools for the deaf, deaf organizations, or informal gatherings of the deaf. Some of those locations are: Trinidad, Tarija, Potosí, and Chuquisaca.",bib3590,yes +7002-location-2,7002,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Throughout the country, especially in cities""}",,"The majority of deaf people are found in the larger cities, like the ones previously identified: La Paz, Santa Cruz, Cochabamba, El Alto, Oruro, and Sucre. Other cities and towns also have deaf populations, as evidenced by schools for the deaf, deaf organizations, or informal gatherings of the deaf. Some of those locations are: Trinidad, Tarija, Potosí, and Chuquisaca.",bib3608,yes 7002-speaker_number-1,7002,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib68,no 7002-speakers-1,7002,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib68,no -7002-speaker_number-2,7002,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Ethnologue reports 350 to 400 users of this sign language living in Cochabomba, La Paz, Riberalta, and Santa Cruz.... The number of sign language users reported in the Ethnologue is based on research from 1988 (20 years old). The current number of LSB users is likely to be significantly higher.",bib3590,yes -7002-speakers-2,7002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Ethnologue reports 350 to 400 users of this sign language living in Cochabomba, La Paz, Riberalta, and Santa Cruz.... The number of sign language users reported in the Ethnologue is based on research from 1988 (20 years old). The current number of LSB users is likely to be significantly higher.",bib3590,yes +7002-speaker_number-2,7002,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The Ethnologue reports 350 to 400 users of this sign language living in Cochabomba, La Paz, Riberalta, and Santa Cruz.... The number of sign language users reported in the Ethnologue is based on research from 1988 (20 years old). The current number of LSB users is likely to be significantly higher.",bib3608,yes +7002-speakers-2,7002,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""23,000 (estimated)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The Ethnologue reports 350 to 400 users of this sign language living in Cochabomba, La Paz, Riberalta, and Santa Cruz.... The number of sign language users reported in the Ethnologue is based on research from 1988 (20 years old). The current number of LSB users is likely to be significantly higher.",bib3608,yes 7002-LEI-1,7002,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 7002-vitality-1,7002,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -7002-LEI-2,7002,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3590,yes -7002-domains_of_use-2,7002,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3590,yes -7002-vitality-2,7002,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3590,yes +7002-LEI-2,7002,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3608,yes +7002-domains_of_use-2,7002,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3608,yes +7002-vitality-2,7002,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"...there are a significant number of schools, associations, and clubs spread throughout the country. The number of deaf signers that attend these schools or meetings is not known, however, the fact that the Bolivian Federation for the Deaf (FEBOS) was able to mobilize approximately 1000 people for a celebration on the World Day of the Deaf is impressive and a good indicator of potential vitality.",bib3608,yes 7004-context-1,7004,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,"While Chilean Sign Language is the primary language of communication for most deaf people, widely varying degrees of bilingualism (spoken and written) in Spanish [spa] are common. Spanish literacy for access to mainstream society and employment is valued.",bib69,yes 7004-location-1,7004,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Scattered.""}",,,bib69,yes 7004-location-2,7004,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-32.78, -70.67]]}",,,bib75,no @@ -61636,52 +61840,52 @@ speakers in Maruranau, a Wapishana village in the Rupanuni, Guyana.",bib1902,yes 7005-speakers-1,7005,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"50,000 deaf in Bogotá in 1992",bib67,yes 7005-LEI-1,7005,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7005-vitality-1,7005,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7006-location-1,7006,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""]}",,,bib7915,no +7006-location-1,7006,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""]}",,,bib7940,no 7006-location-2,7006,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.89, -84.12]]}",,,bib75,no -7006-speaker_number-1,7006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 (1991/2012); signers over the age of 65.,bib7915,no -7006-speakers-1,7006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 (1991/2012); signers over the age of 65.,bib7915,no -7006-speakers-2,7006,speakers,"{""Elders"": ""Small number of older people""}",,"""El OLESCO se clasificaría como en severo peligro o en peligro crítico, en vista de que los únicos usuarios constituirían una minoría de adultos mayores, si bien cabe destacar que se trata de información preliminar y que urge llevar a cabo trabajo de campo."" [Original Costa Rican Sign Language is classified as severely endangered or critically endangered, in light of the fact that only a small number of older people are using it, although it should be noted that this is preliminary information and more fieldwork is urgently needed.]",bib615,yes -7006-LEI-1,7006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7006-vitality-1,7006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no -7006-LEI-2,7006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib615,yes -7006-transmission-2,7006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib615,yes -7006-speaker_number_trends-2,7006,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib615,yes -7006-vitality-2,7006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib615,yes -7007-location-1,7007,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranhao area, Brazil""}",,,bib7915,no +7006-speaker_number-1,7006,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 (1991/2012); signers over the age of 65.,bib7940,no +7006-speakers-1,7006,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 (1991/2012); signers over the age of 65.,bib7940,no +7006-speakers-2,7006,speakers,"{""Elders"": ""Small number of older people""}",,"""El OLESCO se clasificaría como en severo peligro o en peligro crítico, en vista de que los únicos usuarios constituirían una minoría de adultos mayores, si bien cabe destacar que se trata de información preliminar y que urge llevar a cabo trabajo de campo."" [Original Costa Rican Sign Language is classified as severely endangered or critically endangered, in light of the fact that only a small number of older people are using it, although it should be noted that this is preliminary information and more fieldwork is urgently needed.]",bib618,yes +7006-LEI-1,7006,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7006-vitality-1,7006,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no +7006-LEI-2,7006,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib618,yes +7006-transmission-2,7006,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib618,yes +7006-speaker_number_trends-2,7006,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib618,yes +7006-vitality-2,7006,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"""Hasta donde sabemos, la variedad OLESCO, la lengua autóctona creada por las personas sordas en Costa Rica, ha venido retrocediendo desde hace varias décadas, sin que haya sido descrita ni documentada, de modo que se podría catalogar como en grave peligro."" [As far as we know, Original Costa Rican Sign Language, the indigenous language created by deaf people in Costa Rica, has been declining for several decades, without being documented or described, such that it should be classified as very endangered.]",bib618,yes +7007-location-1,7007,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranhao area, Brazil""}",,,bib7940,no 7007-location-2,7007,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-2.54, -46.42]]}",,,bib75,no 7007-location-3,7007,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil""], ""Description"": ""Maranh\u00e3o""}",,,bib67,yes -7007-speaker_number-1,7007,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"7 deaf, 500 hearing (1986)",bib7915,no -7007-speakers-1,7007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"7 deaf, 500 hearing (1986)",bib7915,no +7007-speaker_number-1,7007,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"7 deaf, 500 hearing (1986)",bib7940,no +7007-speakers-1,7007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"7 deaf, 500 hearing (1986)",bib7940,no 7007-speaker_number-2,7007,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"(1986 J. Kakumasu) L2 users: 500 (unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,yes 7007-speakers-2,7007,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"(1986 J. Kakumasu) L2 users: 500 (unchanged, 2016.)",bib67,yes -7007-LEI-1,7007,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7007-vitality-1,7007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no +7007-LEI-1,7007,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7007-vitality-1,7007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no 7007-LEI-2,7007,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7007-vitality-2,7007,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -701-context-2,701,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,yes -701-context-3,701,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Attempts are underway there to revive the language and teach it in the Vermont school system""}",,,bib5309,no +701-context-2,701,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,yes +701-context-3,701,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Attempts are underway there to revive the language and teach it in the Vermont school system""}",,,bib5332,no 701-location-1,701,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[44.0, -72.25]]}",,,bib216,no 701-location-2,701,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Quebec, Odanak Reserve on the Saint Francois River.""}",,,bib67,no 701-location-3,701,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, USA""]}",,"Canada: Quebec: Odanak Reserve on Saint Francois River. US: Vermont: north end of Lake Champlain.",bib70,no -701-location-4,701,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Quebec, Vermont""}",,"It was spoken in New Hampshire and adjacent areas of Vermont. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain. Attempts are underway there to revive the language and teach it in the Vermont school system. Western Abenaki was extensively documented by a series of village schoolmasters from the Odanak community in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including Joseph Laurent, and by Gordon Day, who published a dictionary.",bib5217,yes -701-location-5,701,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Vermont and New Hampshire and Quebec. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. Fran\u00e7ois River.""}",,,bib5309,no +701-location-4,701,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Quebec, Vermont""}",,"It was spoken in New Hampshire and adjacent areas of Vermont. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain. Attempts are underway there to revive the language and teach it in the Vermont school system. Western Abenaki was extensively documented by a series of village schoolmasters from the Odanak community in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including Joseph Laurent, and by Gordon Day, who published a dictionary.",bib5240,yes +701-location-5,701,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Vermont and New Hampshire and Quebec. The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. Fran\u00e7ois River.""}",,,bib5332,no 701-speaker_number-1,701,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Speaker number data: (P. Tamburro 2006). Some L1 speakers only passively retain the language and (or) are semi fluent. Ethnic population: 1,800 including Eastern Abnaki in USA (1982 SIL).",bib67,no 701-speakers-1,701,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1800"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Speaker number data: (P. Tamburro 2006). Some L1 speakers only passively retain the language and (or) are semi fluent. Ethnic population: 1,800 including Eastern Abnaki in USA (1982 SIL).",bib67,no 701-speaker_number-2,701,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Canada: 10 (Golla 2007). US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).",bib70,no 701-speakers-2,701,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Canada: 10 (Golla 2007). US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).",bib70,no -701-speaker_number-3,701,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.",bib5217,yes -701-speakers-3,701,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.",bib5217,yes +701-speaker_number-3,701,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.",bib5240,yes +701-speakers-3,701,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The largest modern community is in Quebec, at the Odanak Reserve on the St. François River, where a handful of elderly fluent speakers survive. In addition about 2,000 people of Western Abenaki descent live in Vermont around the northern end of Lake Champlain.",bib5240,yes 701-speaker_number-4,701,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 701-speakers-4,701,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -701-speaker_number-5,701,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,handful of elderly fluent speakers,bib5309,no -701-speakers-5,701,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,handful of elderly fluent speakers,bib5309,no +701-speaker_number-5,701,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,handful of elderly fluent speakers,bib5332,no +701-speakers-5,701,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,handful of elderly fluent speakers,bib5332,no 701-LEI-1,701,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 701-transmission-1,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib67,no 701-speaker_number_trends-1,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no @@ -61690,17 +61894,17 @@ US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).",bib70,no 701-transmission-2,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,Attempts are under way in by Canada and the US to revive the language.,bib70,no 701-speaker_number_trends-2,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Attempts are under way in by Canada and the US to revive the language.,bib70,no 701-vitality-2,701,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Attempts are under way in by Canada and the US to revive the language.,bib70,no -701-LEI-3,701,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,yes -701-transmission-3,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,yes -701-speaker_number_trends-3,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,yes -701-vitality-3,701,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,yes +701-LEI-3,701,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,yes +701-transmission-3,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,yes +701-speaker_number_trends-3,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,yes +701-vitality-3,701,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,yes 701-LEI-4,701,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 701-vitality-4,701,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -701-LEI-5,701,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -701-transmission-5,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5309,no -701-domains_of_use-5,701,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5309,no -701-speaker_number_trends-5,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5309,no -701-vitality-5,701,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +701-LEI-5,701,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +701-transmission-5,701,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5332,no +701-domains_of_use-5,701,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib5332,no +701-speaker_number_trends-5,701,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5332,no +701-vitality-5,701,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 7069-speaker_number-1,7069,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib34,yes 7069-speakers-1,7069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib34,yes 7069-LEI-1,7069,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,yes @@ -61711,71 +61915,71 @@ US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).",bib70,no 7109-speakers-1,7109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""231,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib68,yes 7109-LEI-1,7109,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 7109-vitality-1,7109,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -7110-context-1,7110,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Spanish, English, Mayan languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""10 deaf schools. Dictionaries. Television program in Quetzaltenango airs a forty-five minute program every Tuesday.""}",,"Deaf and hearing people have acquired sign language through deaf members of the community, deaf schools and associations, hospitals and private organizations that hold classes, and the recently printed LENSEGUA dictionaries.",bib5778,yes +7110-context-1,7110,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Spanish, English, Mayan languages"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""10 deaf schools. Dictionaries. Television program in Quetzaltenango airs a forty-five minute program every Tuesday.""}",,"Deaf and hearing people have acquired sign language through deaf members of the community, deaf schools and associations, hospitals and private organizations that hold classes, and the recently printed LENSEGUA dictionaries.",bib5802,yes 7110-location-1,7110,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.5, -90.57]]}",,,bib75,no -7110-location-2,7110,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guatemala City, Quetzaltenango (Xela), Cob\u00e1n, Huehuetenango, San Marcos, Mazatenango, Escuintla, Zacapa, throughout the country""}",,"The majority of deaf people are found in Guatemala City and Quetzaltenango (called Xela by locals), although other cities, including Cobán, Huehuetenango, San Marcos, Mazatenango, Escuintla, and Zacapa, are also hubs for the deaf community. Isolated deaf people live in the northern Petén and reportedly use home signs instead of a formalized sign language... Deaf people of Guatemala live scattered throughout the country with higher concentrations in large cities. They view themselves as one community, but specifically identify with deaf people in the city nearest them.",bib5778,yes +7110-location-2,7110,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guatemala City, Quetzaltenango (Xela), Cob\u00e1n, Huehuetenango, San Marcos, Mazatenango, Escuintla, Zacapa, throughout the country""}",,"The majority of deaf people are found in Guatemala City and Quetzaltenango (called Xela by locals), although other cities, including Cobán, Huehuetenango, San Marcos, Mazatenango, Escuintla, and Zacapa, are also hubs for the deaf community. Isolated deaf people live in the northern Petén and reportedly use home signs instead of a formalized sign language... Deaf people of Guatemala live scattered throughout the country with higher concentrations in large cities. They view themselves as one community, but specifically identify with deaf people in the city nearest them.",bib5802,yes 7110-location-3,7110,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""]}",,,bib67,no 7110-speaker_number-1,7110,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"A recent government-sponsored survey estimated a deaf population of 73,000 (Edith Paz 2006, personal communication), but other estimates reach up to 640,000.... Forty percent of all Guatemalans with a significant degree of hearing loss are believed to use a sign language, according to a source who previously worked with the national disability organization, CONADI. When applied to the figures above, this indicates that between 28,000 and 256,000 Guatemalans use sign language and have a deaf ethnolinguistic identity."" -""...very few hearing Guatemalans use any sign language, including GSM.",bib5778,yes +""...very few hearing Guatemalans use any sign language, including GSM.",bib5802,yes 7110-speakers-1,7110,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""73,000-640,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,000-256,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"A recent government-sponsored survey estimated a deaf population of 73,000 (Edith Paz 2006, personal communication), but other estimates reach up to 640,000.... Forty percent of all Guatemalans with a significant degree of hearing loss are believed to use a sign language, according to a source who previously worked with the national disability organization, CONADI. When applied to the figures above, this indicates that between 28,000 and 256,000 Guatemalans use sign language and have a deaf ethnolinguistic identity."" -""...very few hearing Guatemalans use any sign language, including GSM.",bib5778,yes +""...very few hearing Guatemalans use any sign language, including GSM.",bib5802,yes 7110-speakers-2,7110,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -7110-LEI-1,7110,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5778,yes -7110-transmission-1,7110,transmission,1,transmission-1,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5778,yes -7110-domains_of_use-1,7110,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5778,yes -7110-speaker_number_trends-1,7110,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5778,yes -7110-vitality-1,7110,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5778,yes -7111-context-1,7111,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Six main deaf educational centers in Tegucigalpa, deaf schools in Comayagua, Siguatepeque, San Pedro Sula, Juticalpa, El Progreso, Choluteca, La Ceiba, Danl\u00ed; Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de Sordos de Honduras, dictionary""}",,"In Tegucigalpa, [ANSH] offer four-month LESHO courses for 300L (about 16 USD) and scholarships are available for people with deaf family members.",bib7829,yes -7111-location-1,7111,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula, throughout the country""}",,"""Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula are the two major deaf centers with the most services for the deaf community.",bib7829,yes +7110-LEI-1,7110,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5802,yes +7110-transmission-1,7110,transmission,1,transmission-1,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5802,yes +7110-domains_of_use-1,7110,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5802,yes +7110-speaker_number_trends-1,7110,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5802,yes +7110-vitality-1,7110,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...deaf and hearing Guatemalans have more places in which they can acquire GSM, including deaf schools, deaf clubs, churches, Christian ministries, hospitals, deaf family members, hearing parents, LENSEGUA dictionaries, and TV programs.... It is not used in government meetings, banks, or the market place, except by interpretation between it and Spanish. Hearing parents of deaf children are reticent to use sign language at home and may even strictly forbid it. Most deaf people are required to lip-read, speak, and write Spanish in order to communicate with their hearing family members. Because of this, most deaf people do not learn a sign language until they are in contact with the deaf community, anytime between 5 and 30 years of age.",bib5802,yes +7111-context-1,7111,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Six main deaf educational centers in Tegucigalpa, deaf schools in Comayagua, Siguatepeque, San Pedro Sula, Juticalpa, El Progreso, Choluteca, La Ceiba, Danl\u00ed; Asociaci\u00f3n Nacional de Sordos de Honduras, dictionary""}",,"In Tegucigalpa, [ANSH] offer four-month LESHO courses for 300L (about 16 USD) and scholarships are available for people with deaf family members.",bib7854,yes +7111-location-1,7111,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula, throughout the country""}",,"""Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula are the two major deaf centers with the most services for the deaf community.",bib7854,yes 7111-location-2,7111,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.62, -87.22]]}",,,bib75,no 7111-location-3,7111,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""]}",,,bib67,no 7111-speakers-2,7111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no 7111-LEI-1,7111,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"One deaf ministry states that there was no official sign language in Honduras until the last 5–10 years; therefore, many deaf adults do not know any sign language."" -""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7829,yes +""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7854,yes 7111-transmission-1,7111,transmission,2,transmission-2,"One deaf ministry states that there was no official sign language in Honduras until the last 5–10 years; therefore, many deaf adults do not know any sign language."" -""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7829,yes +""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7854,yes 7111-domains_of_use-1,7111,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"One deaf ministry states that there was no official sign language in Honduras until the last 5–10 years; therefore, many deaf adults do not know any sign language."" -""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7829,yes +""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7854,yes 7111-vitality-1,7111,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"One deaf ministry states that there was no official sign language in Honduras until the last 5–10 years; therefore, many deaf adults do not know any sign language."" -""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7829,yes +""In general, deaf Hondurans learn LESHO through deaf friends and family. Hearing people tend to learn LESHO through various classes and LESHO publications.",bib7854,yes 7112-location-1,7112,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.25, -86.34]]}",,,bib75,no 7112-location-2,7112,location,"{""Places"": [""Nicaragua""], ""Description"": ""Widespread, especially Managua""}",,,bib67,yes 7112-speaker_number-1,7112,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1997 Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Nicaragua),bib67,yes 7112-speakers-1,7112,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1997 Asociación Nacional de Sordos de Nicaragua),bib67,yes 7112-LEI-1,7112,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7112-vitality-1,7112,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7113-location-1,7113,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Quebec and some other urban areas of Canada""}",,,bib7915,yes +7113-location-1,7113,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Quebec and some other urban areas of Canada""}",,,bib7940,yes 7113-location-2,7113,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.0, -74.87]]}",,,bib75,no 7113-location-3,7113,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Quebec; Ontario, northern Ontario, Ottawa; New Brunswick, Bathurst; British Columbia, Vancouver; Alberta, Edmonton""}",,,bib67,no -7113-speaker_number-1,7113,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2006 census). Speaker number may be higher, 3500-7000.",bib7915,yes -7113-speakers-1,7113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""730-1,365"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2006 census). Speaker number may be higher, 3500-7000.",bib7915,yes +7113-speaker_number-1,7113,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"(2006 census). Speaker number may be higher, 3500-7000.",bib7940,yes +7113-speakers-1,7113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""730-1,365"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(2006 census). Speaker number may be higher, 3500-7000.",bib7940,yes 7113-speakers-2,7113,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -7113-LEI-1,7113,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7113-vitality-1,7113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7113-LEI-1,7113,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7113-vitality-1,7113,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7114-context-1,7114,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language, Costa Rican Sign Language, Colombian Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""Little"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some deaf instruction, deaf interpreters in schools""}",,"Currently, two sign languages appear to be in use in Panama: Lengua de Señas de Chiriqui (LSCH) in the Chiriqui province and Lengua de Señas Panameñas (LSP) in other urban areas where sign language is used. Deaf Panamanians indicate that they learn sign language from their deaf friends, rather than at home or in school, as the vast majority of deaf students are mainstreamed into hearing schools without interpreters. Although the government has made important moves toward increasing social access for people identified as being disabled, few deaf people are employed or live independently, regardless of their educational level. Although deaf associations are not yet unified in community and language development efforts, recent years have seen a movement toward creation of sign language dictionaries in both Chiriqui and Panama deaf communities. Deaf Panamanians are increasingly discussing how best to collaborate toward improvement of their deaf communities."" -""In most situations, deaf Panamanians feel free to sign in public, although new acquirers of sign may feel some concern that better deaf signers may make fun of them.",bib5776,yes +""In most situations, deaf Panamanians feel free to sign in public, although new acquirers of sign may feel some concern that better deaf signers may make fun of them.",bib5800,yes 7114-location-1,7114,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Scattered."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.0, -80.0]]}",,,bib69,no -7114-location-2,7114,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""the Panama-Colon corridor, outside of Chiriqui province"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.217056, -79.642266]]}",,The main social hubs for deaf Panamanians are Panama City and David; deaf people congregate most weekends at the central park in David or Albrook mall in Panama City.,bib5776,yes +7114-location-2,7114,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama""], ""Description"": ""the Panama-Colon corridor, outside of Chiriqui province"", ""Coordinates"": [[9.217056, -79.642266]]}",,The main social hubs for deaf Panamanians are Panama City and David; deaf people congregate most weekends at the central park in David or Albrook mall in Panama City.,bib5800,yes 7114-speakers-1,7114,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,no -7114-speakers-2,7114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000""}",,"There are an estimated six thousand deaf people in Panama, with as many as two-thirds of that number living in rural areas that have no deaf community or sign-language access.",bib5776,yes -7114-LEI-1,7114,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -7114-transmission-1,7114,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -7114-domains_of_use-1,7114,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -7114-vitality-1,7114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5776,yes -7115-context-2,7115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"Deaf Peruvians attitudes toward LSP vary some, but most view the Lima variety of LSP to be the best and easiest to understand. Although there is some fear that ASL will destroy LSP and the Peruvian deaf culture, steps are being taken to protect LSP (such as dictionary production) and the deaf community is hoping for more LSP materials.",bib5779,yes +7114-speakers-2,7114,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000""}",,"There are an estimated six thousand deaf people in Panama, with as many as two-thirds of that number living in rural areas that have no deaf community or sign-language access.",bib5800,yes +7114-LEI-1,7114,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +7114-transmission-1,7114,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +7114-domains_of_use-1,7114,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +7114-vitality-1,7114,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Although there are now some sign language classes offered through deaf associations, religious organizations, and some universities, deaf people indicate that these classes are primarily for hearing people and that most of the deaf community acquires sign language from their deaf friends.",bib5800,yes +7115-context-2,7115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"Deaf Peruvians attitudes toward LSP vary some, but most view the Lima variety of LSP to be the best and easiest to understand. Although there is some fear that ASL will destroy LSP and the Peruvian deaf culture, steps are being taken to protect LSP (such as dictionary production) and the deaf community is hoping for more LSP materials.",bib5803,yes 7115-location-1,7115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib68,no 7115-location-2,7115,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.9, -76.82]]}",,,bib75,no -7115-location-3,7115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Lima, and throughout the country""}",,...there seems to be a fairly high comprehension level of the Lima sign variety throughout the country.,bib5779,yes +7115-location-3,7115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Lima, and throughout the country""}",,...there seems to be a fairly high comprehension level of the Lima sign variety throughout the country.,bib5803,yes 7115-speakers-1,7115,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib68,no -7115-speakers-2,7115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42,000 - 728,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994, 2009""}",,,bib5779,yes +7115-speakers-2,7115,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42,000 - 728,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994, 2009""}",,,bib5803,yes 7115-LEI-1,7115,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In every city we visited, there were families with deafness inherited through generations. In the majority of these families, sign language was passed down from generation to generation, but some of them spoke more than signed at home, depending on their level of hearing loss. According to thirty-two deaf questionnaire participants, the majority of deaf people do not learn a sign language until after age nine."" -""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5779,yes +""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5803,yes 7115-transmission-1,7115,transmission,1,transmission-1,"In every city we visited, there were families with deafness inherited through generations. In the majority of these families, sign language was passed down from generation to generation, but some of them spoke more than signed at home, depending on their level of hearing loss. According to thirty-two deaf questionnaire participants, the majority of deaf people do not learn a sign language until after age nine."" -""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5779,yes +""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5803,yes 7115-domains_of_use-1,7115,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"In every city we visited, there were families with deafness inherited through generations. In the majority of these families, sign language was passed down from generation to generation, but some of them spoke more than signed at home, depending on their level of hearing loss. According to thirty-two deaf questionnaire participants, the majority of deaf people do not learn a sign language until after age nine."" -""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5779,yes +""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5803,yes 7115-vitality-1,7115,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In every city we visited, there were families with deafness inherited through generations. In the majority of these families, sign language was passed down from generation to generation, but some of them spoke more than signed at home, depending on their level of hearing loss. According to thirty-two deaf questionnaire participants, the majority of deaf people do not learn a sign language until after age nine."" -""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5779,yes +""Although there are diverse forms of LSP used throughout the country, LSP is not likely to die since large numbers of Peruvian deaf people are eager to protect and use it.",bib5803,yes 7116-location-1,7116,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.46, -66.09]]}",,,bib75,no 7116-location-2,7116,location,"{""Places"": [""Puerto Rico""]}",,,bib67,yes 7116-speaker_number-1,7116,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Ethnic population: 8,000 to 40,000 deaf persons (Van Cleve 1986)",bib67,yes @@ -61807,270 +62011,270 @@ US: 4 (2012 D. Stevens).",bib70,no 7119-speakers-2,7119,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no 7119-LEI-1,7119,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ethnologue (2013) lists he vitality of Uruguayan Sign Language as: 5 (Developing).,bib68,yes 7119-vitality-1,7119,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Ethnologue (2013) lists he vitality of Uruguayan Sign Language as: 5 (Developing).,bib68,yes -7170-context-1,7170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Minyong, Shimong, Kamba, and Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6005,no -7170-location-1,7170,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1473, 94.5538]]}",,,bib5307,no -7170-location-2,7170,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of Siang river""}",,,bib7525,yes -7170-location-3,7170,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""One primary village Kug\u0268\u014b, two secondary villages Nyer\u0268\u014b and Mayu\u014b nearby, many outward migrants in Tuting""}",,,bib6005,no -7170-speaker_number-1,7170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Less than 200 speakers of Tangam remain in the northernmost portion of Siang district inhabiting the three villages of Kuging, Ngering, Mayum and a few neighbouring hamlets in the northeastern corner of the Adi tribal region of Arunachal Pradesh, along the upper reaches of the rivers Siang and Nigong.",bib7525,yes -7170-speakers-1,7170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Less than 200 speakers of Tangam remain in the northernmost portion of Siang district inhabiting the three villages of Kuging, Ngering, Mayum and a few neighbouring hamlets in the northeastern corner of the Adi tribal region of Arunachal Pradesh, along the upper reaches of the rivers Siang and Nigong.",bib7525,yes -7170-speaker_number-2,7170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6005,no -7170-speakers-2,7170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6005,no -7170-LEI-1,7170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7525,yes -7170-speaker_number_trends-1,7170,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7525,yes -7170-vitality-1,7170,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7525,yes -7170-LEI-2,7170,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6005,no -7170-vitality-2,7170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6005,no -7171-location-1,7171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5307,no -7171-location-2,7171,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, West Siang district, villages on Siyom river""}",,"Just over a thousand speakers of Pailibo live along the banks of the Siyom or Yomgo river, in nine villages in the Tato Circle and two villages in the Payum circle of West Siang district.",bib7525,yes -7171-speaker_number-1,7171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib640,no -7171-speakers-1,7171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,382"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib640,no -7171-speaker_number-2,7171,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7525,yes -7171-speakers-2,7171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7525,yes -7171-LEI-1,7171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib640,no -7171-vitality-1,7171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib640,no -7171-LEI-2,7171,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -7171-vitality-2,7171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -7172-location-1,7172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2632, 95.0537]]}",,,bib5307,no -7172-location-2,7172,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of lower Siang river""}",,"Approximately 20,000 speakers of Minyong occupy the swathe of territory along the west bank of the lower Siang river, downstream of the Bori and Karko language communities and to the east of the Gallongs.",bib7525,yes -7172-speaker_number-1,7172,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -7172-speakers-1,7172,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes -7172-LEI-1,7172,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7525,yes -7172-vitality-1,7172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7525,yes -7173-context-1,7173,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib1205,yes -7173-location-1,7173,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.6, 94.8333]]}",,,bib5307,no -7173-location-2,7173,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""West-central Burma""}",,"Under 10,000 ethnic Yaw in southwestern Sagaing Division, west of Pakkoku.",bib1205,yes -7173-speaker_number-1,7173,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most younger members of the group can understand but not speak the language.,bib1205,yes -7173-speakers-1,7173,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most younger members of the group can understand but not speak the language.,bib1205,yes -7173-LEI-1,7173,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -7173-transmission-1,7173,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1205,yes -7173-speaker_number_trends-1,7173,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1205,yes -7173-vitality-1,7173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1205,yes -7175-location-1,7175,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Alipura village"", ""Coordinates"": [[13.486, 77.452]]}",,,bib7915,yes -7175-location-2,7175,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Alipur, Karnataka, India""}",,"Alipur Sign Language (APSL) is an indigenous village sign language used in Alipur, in the state of Kamataka in southern India. [...] The village is located 80 kilometres north of the garden city of Bengaluru (Bangalore).",bib5750,no -7175-speaker_number-1,7175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"250 deaf people and perhaps several thousand hearing people (fewer than 10,000 hearing people) (2009)",bib7915,yes -7175-speakers-1,7175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"250 deaf people and perhaps several thousand hearing people (fewer than 10,000 hearing people) (2009)",bib7915,yes -7175-speaker_number-2,7175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 deaf people are fluent users and a majority of the 20,000 Alipur hearing residents have some degree of proficiency.",bib5750,no -7175-speakers-2,7175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Though no specific survey has been conducted, it is obvious that the sign language community is considerably larger than the group of 150 deaf inhabitants in the village. [...] A few of the hearing villagers are particularly fluent signers, but most people seem to commu\u00adnicate in APSL well enough to fulfil basic communicative needs."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<20,000""}",,"150 deaf people are fluent users and a majority of the 20,000 Alipur hearing residents have some degree of proficiency.",bib5750,no -7175-LEI-1,7175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7175-vitality-1,7175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7170-context-1,7170,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Minyong, Shimong, Kamba, and Hindi"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib6029,no +7170-location-1,7170,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.1473, 94.5538]]}",,,bib5330,no +7170-location-2,7170,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of Siang river""}",,,bib7550,yes +7170-location-3,7170,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""One primary village Kug\u0268\u014b, two secondary villages Nyer\u0268\u014b and Mayu\u014b nearby, many outward migrants in Tuting""}",,,bib6029,no +7170-speaker_number-1,7170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Less than 200 speakers of Tangam remain in the northernmost portion of Siang district inhabiting the three villages of Kuging, Ngering, Mayum and a few neighbouring hamlets in the northeastern corner of the Adi tribal region of Arunachal Pradesh, along the upper reaches of the rivers Siang and Nigong.",bib7550,yes +7170-speakers-1,7170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Less than 200 speakers of Tangam remain in the northernmost portion of Siang district inhabiting the three villages of Kuging, Ngering, Mayum and a few neighbouring hamlets in the northeastern corner of the Adi tribal region of Arunachal Pradesh, along the upper reaches of the rivers Siang and Nigong.",bib7550,yes +7170-speaker_number-2,7170,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6029,no +7170-speakers-2,7170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6029,no +7170-LEI-1,7170,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7550,yes +7170-speaker_number_trends-1,7170,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7550,yes +7170-vitality-1,7170,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,The Tangam were once numerous but were killed en masse by neighbouring tribes.,bib7550,yes +7170-LEI-2,7170,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6029,no +7170-vitality-2,7170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6029,no +7171-location-1,7171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2463, 95.3668]]}",,,bib5330,no +7171-location-2,7171,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, West Siang district, villages on Siyom river""}",,"Just over a thousand speakers of Pailibo live along the banks of the Siyom or Yomgo river, in nine villages in the Tato Circle and two villages in the Payum circle of West Siang district.",bib7550,yes +7171-speaker_number-1,7171,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib644,no +7171-speakers-1,7171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,382"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib644,no +7171-speaker_number-2,7171,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7550,yes +7171-speakers-2,7171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7550,yes +7171-LEI-1,7171,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib644,no +7171-vitality-1,7171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib644,no +7171-LEI-2,7171,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +7171-vitality-2,7171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +7172-location-1,7172,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.2632, 95.0537]]}",,,bib5330,no +7172-location-2,7172,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of lower Siang river""}",,"Approximately 20,000 speakers of Minyong occupy the swathe of territory along the west bank of the lower Siang river, downstream of the Bori and Karko language communities and to the east of the Gallongs.",bib7550,yes +7172-speaker_number-1,7172,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +7172-speakers-1,7172,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes +7172-LEI-1,7172,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7550,yes +7172-vitality-1,7172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7550,yes +7173-context-1,7173,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Burmese""}",,,bib1214,yes +7173-location-1,7173,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[21.6, 94.8333]]}",,,bib5330,no +7173-location-2,7173,location,"{""Places"": [""Burma""], ""Description"": ""West-central Burma""}",,"Under 10,000 ethnic Yaw in southwestern Sagaing Division, west of Pakkoku.",bib1214,yes +7173-speaker_number-1,7173,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Most younger members of the group can understand but not speak the language.,bib1214,yes +7173-speakers-1,7173,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Most younger members of the group can understand but not speak the language.,bib1214,yes +7173-LEI-1,7173,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +7173-transmission-1,7173,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib1214,yes +7173-speaker_number_trends-1,7173,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1214,yes +7173-vitality-1,7173,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1214,yes +7175-location-1,7175,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Karnataka, Alipura village"", ""Coordinates"": [[13.486, 77.452]]}",,,bib7940,yes +7175-location-2,7175,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Alipur, Karnataka, India""}",,"Alipur Sign Language (APSL) is an indigenous village sign language used in Alipur, in the state of Kamataka in southern India. [...] The village is located 80 kilometres north of the garden city of Bengaluru (Bangalore).",bib5774,no +7175-speaker_number-1,7175,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"250 deaf people and perhaps several thousand hearing people (fewer than 10,000 hearing people) (2009)",bib7940,yes +7175-speakers-1,7175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"250 deaf people and perhaps several thousand hearing people (fewer than 10,000 hearing people) (2009)",bib7940,yes +7175-speaker_number-2,7175,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"150 deaf people are fluent users and a majority of the 20,000 Alipur hearing residents have some degree of proficiency.",bib5774,no +7175-speakers-2,7175,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Though no specific survey has been conducted, it is obvious that the sign language community is considerably larger than the group of 150 deaf inhabitants in the village. [...] A few of the hearing villagers are particularly fluent signers, but most people seem to commu\u00adnicate in APSL well enough to fulfil basic communicative needs."", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""<20,000""}",,"150 deaf people are fluent users and a majority of the 20,000 Alipur hearing residents have some degree of proficiency.",bib5774,no +7175-LEI-1,7175,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7175-vitality-1,7175,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7175-LEI-2,7175,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Recently, sign language varieties used by the younger generation and the older generation are diverging rapidly. A number of factors are responsible for this development. Firstly, younger deaf people from Alipur have become increasingly mobile and frequently travel to the city (Bengaluru), where they meet deaf friends who use American Sign Language (ASL).4 Deaf people can now travel more easily because of the complimentary bus pass given to disabled people by the state government, which means that deaf people do not have to pay for any travel within the state. Secondly, the two deaf teachers at the deaf school in Alipur often use ASL in the school. One of them is a native of Alipur who was educated in Bengaluru up to high school level and uses both APSL and ASL. The other teacher is an ASL user from Bengaluru and has acquired APSL after corning to Alipur. Therefore, ASL influence has affected the deaf children in Alipur who attend the deaf school. Finally, internet has become available on mobile phones, and the deaf signers are fascinated with the other sign languages that they can see on videos posted on the internet. -The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5750,no +The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5774,no 7175-transmission-2,7175,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Recently, sign language varieties used by the younger generation and the older generation are diverging rapidly. A number of factors are responsible for this development. Firstly, younger deaf people from Alipur have become increasingly mobile and frequently travel to the city (Bengaluru), where they meet deaf friends who use American Sign Language (ASL).4 Deaf people can now travel more easily because of the complimentary bus pass given to disabled people by the state government, which means that deaf people do not have to pay for any travel within the state. Secondly, the two deaf teachers at the deaf school in Alipur often use ASL in the school. One of them is a native of Alipur who was educated in Bengaluru up to high school level and uses both APSL and ASL. The other teacher is an ASL user from Bengaluru and has acquired APSL after corning to Alipur. Therefore, ASL influence has affected the deaf children in Alipur who attend the deaf school. Finally, internet has become available on mobile phones, and the deaf signers are fascinated with the other sign languages that they can see on videos posted on the internet. -The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5750,no +The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5774,no 7175-domains_of_use-2,7175,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"Recently, sign language varieties used by the younger generation and the older generation are diverging rapidly. A number of factors are responsible for this development. Firstly, younger deaf people from Alipur have become increasingly mobile and frequently travel to the city (Bengaluru), where they meet deaf friends who use American Sign Language (ASL).4 Deaf people can now travel more easily because of the complimentary bus pass given to disabled people by the state government, which means that deaf people do not have to pay for any travel within the state. Secondly, the two deaf teachers at the deaf school in Alipur often use ASL in the school. One of them is a native of Alipur who was educated in Bengaluru up to high school level and uses both APSL and ASL. The other teacher is an ASL user from Bengaluru and has acquired APSL after corning to Alipur. Therefore, ASL influence has affected the deaf children in Alipur who attend the deaf school. Finally, internet has become available on mobile phones, and the deaf signers are fascinated with the other sign languages that they can see on videos posted on the internet. -The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5750,no +The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5774,no 7175-speaker_number_trends-2,7175,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Recently, sign language varieties used by the younger generation and the older generation are diverging rapidly. A number of factors are responsible for this development. Firstly, younger deaf people from Alipur have become increasingly mobile and frequently travel to the city (Bengaluru), where they meet deaf friends who use American Sign Language (ASL).4 Deaf people can now travel more easily because of the complimentary bus pass given to disabled people by the state government, which means that deaf people do not have to pay for any travel within the state. Secondly, the two deaf teachers at the deaf school in Alipur often use ASL in the school. One of them is a native of Alipur who was educated in Bengaluru up to high school level and uses both APSL and ASL. The other teacher is an ASL user from Bengaluru and has acquired APSL after corning to Alipur. Therefore, ASL influence has affected the deaf children in Alipur who attend the deaf school. Finally, internet has become available on mobile phones, and the deaf signers are fascinated with the other sign languages that they can see on videos posted on the internet. -The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5750,no +The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5774,no 7175-vitality-2,7175,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Recently, sign language varieties used by the younger generation and the older generation are diverging rapidly. A number of factors are responsible for this development. Firstly, younger deaf people from Alipur have become increasingly mobile and frequently travel to the city (Bengaluru), where they meet deaf friends who use American Sign Language (ASL).4 Deaf people can now travel more easily because of the complimentary bus pass given to disabled people by the state government, which means that deaf people do not have to pay for any travel within the state. Secondly, the two deaf teachers at the deaf school in Alipur often use ASL in the school. One of them is a native of Alipur who was educated in Bengaluru up to high school level and uses both APSL and ASL. The other teacher is an ASL user from Bengaluru and has acquired APSL after corning to Alipur. Therefore, ASL influence has affected the deaf children in Alipur who attend the deaf school. Finally, internet has become available on mobile phones, and the deaf signers are fascinated with the other sign languages that they can see on videos posted on the internet. -The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5750,no -7176-location-1,7176,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Southern Costa Rica""}",,,bib7915,yes +The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's vitality in the near future. When the first sign language data were collected in 2007, there was no literacy among deaf people except for two individuals who attended a deaf school outside Alipur, and no influence of other sign language was noticeable. For instance, no fingerspelling was observed in the first data collected in 2007. Some deaf people of the older generation have started complaining why the children are ""using strange Bengaluru signs"". Now communication is sometimes difficult between younger deaf people with ASL and English skills and those who are sole users ofAPSL and have no knowledge ofASL and English.",bib5774,no +7176-location-1,7176,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Southern Costa Rica""}",,,bib7940,yes 7176-location-2,7176,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[9.4, -83.05]]}",,,bib75,no -7176-speaker_number-1,7176,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,3 deaf people (deceased by 1991) and 400 hearing people (1991),bib7915,yes -7176-speakers-1,7176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,3 deaf people (deceased by 1991) and 400 hearing people (1991),bib7915,yes -7176-LEI-1,7176,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7176-vitality-1,7176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7177-location-1,7177,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo Brunca, Boruca District, Buenos Aires Canton, Puenta Arenas Province, Costa Rica""}",,,bib7915,yes +7176-speaker_number-1,7176,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,3 deaf people (deceased by 1991) and 400 hearing people (1991),bib7940,yes +7176-speakers-1,7176,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,3 deaf people (deceased by 1991) and 400 hearing people (1991),bib7940,yes +7176-LEI-1,7176,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7176-vitality-1,7176,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7177-location-1,7177,location,"{""Places"": [""Costa Rica""], ""Description"": ""Pueblo Brunca, Boruca District, Buenos Aires Canton, Puenta Arenas Province, Costa Rica""}",,,bib7940,yes 7177-location-2,7177,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.83333333333, -83.25]]}",,,bib216,no -7177-speaker_number-1,7177,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,8 deaf and 800 hearing people (1991),bib7915,yes -7177-speakers-1,7177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""808"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,8 deaf and 800 hearing people (1991),bib7915,yes -7177-LEI-1,7177,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7177-vitality-1,7177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7178-location-1,7178,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain""], ""Description"": ""Catalonia""}",,,bib7915,yes -7178-location-2,7178,location,"{""Places"": [""Catalonia, Spain""], ""Description"": ""The coordinates given are for Barcelona, where the Catalan Sign Language Interpreters Association is located. http://www.acils.org/"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.38711263243966, 2.176666259765625]]}",,,bib6338,no -7178-speaker_number-1,7178,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7915,yes -7178-speakers-1,7178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7915,yes -7178-LEI-1,7178,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7178-vitality-1,7178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7179-location-1,7179,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia""], ""Description"": ""Tallinn""}",,,bib7915,yes +7177-speaker_number-1,7177,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,8 deaf and 800 hearing people (1991),bib7940,yes +7177-speakers-1,7177,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""808"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,8 deaf and 800 hearing people (1991),bib7940,yes +7177-LEI-1,7177,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7177-vitality-1,7177,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7178-location-1,7178,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain""], ""Description"": ""Catalonia""}",,,bib7940,yes +7178-location-2,7178,location,"{""Places"": [""Catalonia, Spain""], ""Description"": ""The coordinates given are for Barcelona, where the Catalan Sign Language Interpreters Association is located. http://www.acils.org/"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.38711263243966, 2.176666259765625]]}",,,bib6362,no +7178-speaker_number-1,7178,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7940,yes +7178-speakers-1,7178,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7940,yes +7178-LEI-1,7178,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7178-vitality-1,7178,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7179-location-1,7179,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia""], ""Description"": ""Tallinn""}",,,bib7940,yes 7179-location-2,7179,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.95, 24.57]]}",,,bib75,no 7179-location-3,7179,location,"{""Places"": [""Estonia""]}",,,bib67,no -7179-speaker_number-1,7179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7915,yes -7179-speakers-1,7179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7915,yes +7179-speaker_number-1,7179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7940,yes +7179-speakers-1,7179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7940,yes 7179-speaker_number-2,7179,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,500 users out of 1,600 deaf and 20,000 hearing impaired. 2,000 persons need regular help from interpreters (1998 U. Sutrop)",bib67,no 7179-speakers-2,7179,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,500 users out of 1,600 deaf and 20,000 hearing impaired. 2,000 persons need regular help from interpreters (1998 U. Sutrop)",bib67,no -7179-LEI-1,7179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7179-vitality-1,7179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7179-LEI-1,7179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7179-vitality-1,7179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7179-LEI-2,7179,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7179-vitality-2,7179,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7180-location-1,7180,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.111, 26.328]]}",,,bib3264,no -7180-speaker_number-1,7180,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Older Finnish adults who attended school in Sweden.,bib7915,no -7180-speakers-1,7180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Older Finnish adults who attended school in Sweden.,bib7915,no +7180-location-1,7180,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.111, 26.328]]}",,,bib3280,no +7180-speaker_number-1,7180,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Older Finnish adults who attended school in Sweden.,bib7940,no +7180-speakers-1,7180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Older Finnish adults who attended school in Sweden.,bib7940,no 7180-speaker_number-2,7180,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,yes 7180-speakers-2,7180,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,yes -7180-LEI-1,7180,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7180-vitality-1,7180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,no +7180-LEI-1,7180,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7180-vitality-1,7180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,no 7180-LEI-2,7180,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7180-vitality-2,7180,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7181-context-1,7181,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known.""}",,Almost all schools in the northern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. No schools have yet been found which use HPSL as it is used by Deaf people in Hai Phong,bib7915,no +7181-context-1,7181,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known.""}",,Almost all schools in the northern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. No schools have yet been found which use HPSL as it is used by Deaf people in Hai Phong,bib7940,no 7181-context-2,7181,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""preparing"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""These Deaf people, along with many others, prefer bilingualism to standardization. However, the Vietnamese government advocates standardization to bilingualism, and the Vietnamese government is attempting to create a \u201cunified\u201d sign language, something that many Deaf people do not want."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,"Almost all schools in the northern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. No schools have yet been found which use HPSL as it is used by Deaf people in Hai Phong."" -""Currently the Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. While it is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but it is not know at this time what information about sign languages in Viet Nam will be included in the law.",bib7908,yes -7181-location-1,7181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Hai Phong and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[20.861, 106.68]]}",,,bib7915,no -7181-location-2,7181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Used in the Hai Phong Metropolitan area, Viet Nam""}",,,bib7908,yes -7181-speaker_number-1,7181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7915,no -7181-speakers-1,7181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900-1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7915,no -7181-speaker_number-2,7181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 1,837 deaf people living in the area where HPSL is used. The estimated number of users of HPSL is up to 1,800 users.",bib7908,yes -7181-speakers-2,7181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 1,837 deaf people living in the area where HPSL is used. The estimated number of users of HPSL is up to 1,800 users.",bib7908,yes -7181-LEI-1,7181,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7181-domains_of_use-1,7181,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7915,no -7181-vitality-1,7181,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7915,no -7181-LEI-2,7181,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7908,yes -7181-domains_of_use-2,7181,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7908,yes -7181-vitality-2,7181,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7908,yes -7182-context-1,7182,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known.""}",,Almost all schools in the northern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. One program in Ha Noi at the National College of Education has indicated it will start using HNSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users,bib7915,no -7182-context-2,7182,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""peparing"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""These Deaf people, along with many others, prefer bilingualism to standardization. However, the \nVietnamese government advocates standardization to bilingualism, and the Vietnamese government is attempting to create a \u201cunified\u201d sign language, something that many Deaf people do not want."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,"Currently the Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. While it is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but it is not know at this time what information about sign languages in Viet Nam will be included in the law.",bib7909,yes -7182-location-1,7182,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Hanoi and neighboring provinces""}",,,bib7915,no -7182-location-2,7182,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ha Noi and the provinces surrounding Ha Noi""}",,,bib7909,yes +""Currently the Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. While it is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but it is not know at this time what information about sign languages in Viet Nam will be included in the law.",bib7933,yes +7181-location-1,7181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Hai Phong and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[20.861, 106.68]]}",,,bib7940,no +7181-location-2,7181,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Used in the Hai Phong Metropolitan area, Viet Nam""}",,,bib7933,yes +7181-speaker_number-1,7181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7940,no +7181-speakers-1,7181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900-1,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7940,no +7181-speaker_number-2,7181,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 1,837 deaf people living in the area where HPSL is used. The estimated number of users of HPSL is up to 1,800 users.",bib7933,yes +7181-speakers-2,7181,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 1,837 deaf people living in the area where HPSL is used. The estimated number of users of HPSL is up to 1,800 users.",bib7933,yes +7181-LEI-1,7181,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7181-domains_of_use-1,7181,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7940,no +7181-vitality-1,7181,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7940,no +7181-LEI-2,7181,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7933,yes +7181-domains_of_use-2,7181,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7933,yes +7181-vitality-2,7181,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7933,yes +7182-context-1,7182,context,"{""Government Support"": ""The Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. It is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but no details are known.""}",,Almost all schools in the northern part of Viet Nam are oral only or use some simultaneous communication. One program in Ha Noi at the National College of Education has indicated it will start using HNSL as it is used by fluent Deaf users,bib7940,no +7182-context-2,7182,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ho Chi Minh City Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""peparing"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""These Deaf people, along with many others, prefer bilingualism to standardization. However, the \nVietnamese government advocates standardization to bilingualism, and the Vietnamese government is attempting to create a \u201cunified\u201d sign language, something that many Deaf people do not want."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""some""}",,"Currently the Vietnamese government is preparing a law for people with disabilities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of People With Disabilities. While it is known that sign language or sign languages will be mentioned in the law, but it is not know at this time what information about sign languages in Viet Nam will be included in the law.",bib7934,yes +7182-location-1,7182,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Hanoi and neighboring provinces""}",,,bib7940,no +7182-location-2,7182,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Description"": ""Ha Noi and the provinces surrounding Ha Noi""}",,,bib7934,yes 7182-location-3,7182,location,"{""Places"": [""Vietnam""], ""Coordinates"": [[21.033, 105.849]]}",,,bib67,no -7182-speaker_number-1,7182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7915,no -7182-speakers-1,7182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000-38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7915,no -7182-speaker_number-2,7182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 38,878 deaf people living in the area where HNSL is used. The estimated number of users of HNSL is up to 39,000 users.",bib7909,yes -7182-speakers-2,7182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 38,878 deaf people living in the area where HNSL is used. The estimated number of users of HNSL is up to 39,000 users.",bib7909,yes +7182-speaker_number-1,7182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7940,no +7182-speakers-1,7182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000-38,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7940,no +7182-speaker_number-2,7182,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 38,878 deaf people living in the area where HNSL is used. The estimated number of users of HNSL is up to 39,000 users.",bib7934,yes +7182-speakers-2,7182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""39000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Viet Nam, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made.... Using United Nations estimates of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 38,878 deaf people living in the area where HNSL is used. The estimated number of users of HNSL is up to 39,000 users.",bib7934,yes 7182-speakers-3,7182,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -7182-LEI-1,7182,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7182-domains_of_use-1,7182,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7915,no -7182-vitality-1,7182,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7915,no -7182-LEI-2,7182,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7909,yes -7182-domains_of_use-2,7182,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7909,yes -7182-vitality-2,7182,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7909,yes -7184-location-1,7184,location,"{""Places"": [""Hong Kong""], ""Coordinates"": [[22.302, 114.171]]}",,,bib7915,yes -7184-speaker_number-1,7184,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7915,yes -7184-speakers-1,7184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7915,yes -7184-LEI-1,7184,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7184-vitality-1,7184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7185-location-1,7185,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Jakarta and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.211, 106.845]]}",,,bib7915,yes -7185-speaker_number-1,7185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2011),bib7915,yes -7185-speakers-1,7185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,800-9,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2011),bib7915,yes -7185-LEI-1,7185,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7185-vitality-1,7185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7186-context-1,7186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamaican Sign Language; ASL; Signed English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Country Sign users see their sign language as beautiful and have positive attitudes toward their unique language and community.""}",,"Similar to other village sign language situations, Country Sign is used not only by deaf people but also by many hearing people in the St. Elizabeth parish.",bib5777,no -7186-context-2,7186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamaican Sign Language, Signed English, Patwa (Jamaican Creole), English""}",,"[In the past] all persons in the area, both hearing and Deaf, used KS [Konchri Sain]. Nowadays, the hearing people who sign mainly use JSL [Jamaican Sign Language]. KS is only used with persons who are monolingual in KS.",bib5025,no -7186-location-1,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""rural areas in Jamaica""}",,,bib7915,yes -7186-location-2,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""Primarily in the St. Elizabeth parish""}",,,bib5777,no +7182-LEI-1,7182,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7182-domains_of_use-1,7182,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib7940,no +7182-vitality-1,7182,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7940,no +7182-LEI-2,7182,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7934,yes +7182-domains_of_use-2,7182,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib7934,yes +7182-vitality-2,7182,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib7934,yes +7184-location-1,7184,location,"{""Places"": [""Hong Kong""], ""Coordinates"": [[22.302, 114.171]]}",,,bib7940,yes +7184-speaker_number-1,7184,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7940,yes +7184-speakers-1,7184,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7940,yes +7184-LEI-1,7184,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7184-vitality-1,7184,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7185-location-1,7185,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Jakarta and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[-6.211, 106.845]]}",,,bib7940,yes +7185-speaker_number-1,7185,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2011),bib7940,yes +7185-speakers-1,7185,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,800-9,600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2011),bib7940,yes +7185-LEI-1,7185,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7185-vitality-1,7185,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7186-context-1,7186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamaican Sign Language; ASL; Signed English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Country Sign users see their sign language as beautiful and have positive attitudes toward their unique language and community.""}",,"Similar to other village sign language situations, Country Sign is used not only by deaf people but also by many hearing people in the St. Elizabeth parish.",bib5801,no +7186-context-2,7186,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamaican Sign Language, Signed English, Patwa (Jamaican Creole), English""}",,"[In the past] all persons in the area, both hearing and Deaf, used KS [Konchri Sain]. Nowadays, the hearing people who sign mainly use JSL [Jamaican Sign Language]. KS is only used with persons who are monolingual in KS.",bib5047,no +7186-location-1,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""rural areas in Jamaica""}",,,bib7940,yes +7186-location-2,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""Primarily in the St. Elizabeth parish""}",,,bib5801,no 7186-location-3,7186,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0, -76.93]]}",,,bib75,no -7186-location-4,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""An indigenous sign language native to rural Southeastern Jamaica... [Konchri Sain] originated in Top Hill."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.891695, -77.644483]]}",,,bib5025,no -7186-speaker_number-1,7186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7915,yes -7186-speakers-1,7186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7915,yes -7186-speaker_number-2,7186,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"This number refers only to the adults who use JCS. While some sources list 2,500, that number refers to the number of deaf children in Jamaica, as opposed to the number of people who actually use JCS. Most children use both JCS and Jamaican Sign Language (which is 75%% ASL). Some also use Signed English.",bib5777,no -7186-speakers-2,7186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"This number refers only to the adults who use JCS. While some sources list 2,500, that number refers to the number of deaf children in Jamaica, as opposed to the number of people who actually use JCS. Most children use both JCS and Jamaican Sign Language (which is 75%% ASL). Some also use Signed English.",bib5777,no +7186-location-4,7186,location,"{""Places"": [""Jamaica""], ""Description"": ""An indigenous sign language native to rural Southeastern Jamaica... [Konchri Sain] originated in Top Hill."", ""Coordinates"": [[17.891695, -77.644483]]}",,,bib5047,no +7186-speaker_number-1,7186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7940,yes +7186-speakers-1,7186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7940,yes +7186-speaker_number-2,7186,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"This number refers only to the adults who use JCS. While some sources list 2,500, that number refers to the number of deaf children in Jamaica, as opposed to the number of people who actually use JCS. Most children use both JCS and Jamaican Sign Language (which is 75%% ASL). Some also use Signed English.",bib5801,no +7186-speakers-2,7186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"This number refers only to the adults who use JCS. While some sources list 2,500, that number refers to the number of deaf children in Jamaica, as opposed to the number of people who actually use JCS. Most children use both JCS and Jamaican Sign Language (which is 75%% ASL). Some also use Signed English.",bib5801,no 7186-speaker_number-4,7186,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Approximately 2,500 Deaf children in Jamaica (2004 M. Kimball)",bib67,no 7186-speakers-4,7186,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Approximately 2,500 Deaf children in Jamaica (2004 M. Kimball)",bib67,no -7186-LEI-1,7186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7186-vitality-1,7186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7186-LEI-2,7186,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5777,no -7186-transmission-2,7186,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5777,no -7186-vitality-2,7186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5777,no +7186-LEI-1,7186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7186-vitality-1,7186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7186-LEI-2,7186,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5801,no +7186-transmission-2,7186,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5801,no +7186-vitality-2,7186,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Country Sign users have taught their sign language to the next generation for years (Loupe 2009) but the recent establishment of Maranatha School for the Deaf in the area, which uses JSL, has led to a diminishing use of Country Sign among the younger generation (Wilson 2005).",bib5801,no 7186-LEI-4,7186,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7186-vitality-4,7186,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7187-context-1,7187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There has never been an organization associated with Original Bangkok Sign Language or its use.""}",,,bib7915,no -7187-context-2,7187,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mordern Thai Sign Language (MTSL)"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"OBSL was never used in any schools for deaf people. Currently, all users of OBSL are also fluent in MTSL. All users of OBSL are over the age of sixty-five and no younger signers are currently learning OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7187-location-1,7187,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Bangkok and surrounding provinces"", ""Coordinates"": [[13.727, 100.524]]}",,,bib7915,no -7187-location-2,7187,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Bangkok""}",,,bib7913,yes -7187-speaker_number-1,7187,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600-1,300 users (2012); signers over the age of 60.",bib7915,no -7187-speakers-1,7187,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""600-1.300""}",,"600-1,300 users (2012); signers over the age of 60.",bib7915,no -7187-speaker_number-2,7187,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 495 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OBSL is used.",bib7913,yes -7187-speakers-2,7187,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~495"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~495""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 495 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OBSL is used.",bib7913,yes -7187-LEI-1,7187,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7915,no -7187-transmission-1,7187,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7915,no -7187-domains_of_use-1,7187,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7915,no -7187-speaker_number_trends-1,7187,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7915,no -7187-vitality-1,7187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7915,no -7187-LEI-2,7187,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7187-transmission-2,7187,transmission,5,transmission-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7187-domains_of_use-2,7187,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7187-speaker_number_trends-2,7187,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7187-vitality-2,7187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7913,yes -7189-location-1,7189,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Penang""}",,,bib7915,yes +7187-context-1,7187,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Institutional Support"": ""There has never been an organization associated with Original Bangkok Sign Language or its use.""}",,,bib7940,no +7187-context-2,7187,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mordern Thai Sign Language (MTSL)"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"OBSL was never used in any schools for deaf people. Currently, all users of OBSL are also fluent in MTSL. All users of OBSL are over the age of sixty-five and no younger signers are currently learning OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7187-location-1,7187,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Bangkok and surrounding provinces"", ""Coordinates"": [[13.727, 100.524]]}",,,bib7940,no +7187-location-2,7187,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Bangkok""}",,,bib7938,yes +7187-speaker_number-1,7187,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"600-1,300 users (2012); signers over the age of 60.",bib7940,no +7187-speakers-1,7187,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""600-1,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""600-1.300""}",,"600-1,300 users (2012); signers over the age of 60.",bib7940,no +7187-speaker_number-2,7187,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 495 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OBSL is used.",bib7938,yes +7187-speakers-2,7187,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~495"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""~495""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 495 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OBSL is used.",bib7938,yes +7187-LEI-1,7187,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7940,no +7187-transmission-1,7187,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7940,no +7187-domains_of_use-1,7187,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7940,no +7187-speaker_number_trends-1,7187,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7940,no +7187-vitality-1,7187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The only people who have any knowledge of OBSL are people over the age of sixty. These older signers are bilingual in OBSL and Modern Thai Sign Language, but now they rarely use OBSL. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7940,no +7187-LEI-2,7187,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7187-transmission-2,7187,transmission,5,transmission-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7187-domains_of_use-2,7187,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7187-speaker_number_trends-2,7187,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7187-vitality-2,7187,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"OBSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OBSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation, OBSL is a highly endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OBSL is not completed in one generation that OBSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OBSL.",bib7938,yes +7189-location-1,7189,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Penang""}",,,bib7940,yes 7189-location-2,7189,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.38, 100.25]]}",,,bib75,no 7189-location-3,7189,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""]}",,,bib67,no -7189-speaker_number-1,7189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 1,000 users (2003); older signers",bib7915,yes -7189-speakers-1,7189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 1,000 users (2003); older signers",bib7915,yes +7189-speaker_number-1,7189,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Fewer than 1,000 users (2003); older signers",bib7940,yes +7189-speakers-1,7189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Fewer than 1,000 users (2003); older signers",bib7940,yes 7189-speaker_number-2,7189,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000, decreasing. 150 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 2,000",bib67,no 7189-speakers-2,7189,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000, decreasing. 150 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 2,000",bib67,no -7189-LEI-1,7189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7189-vitality-1,7189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7189-LEI-1,7189,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7189-vitality-1,7189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7189-LEI-2,7189,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7189-vitality-2,7189,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7190-location-1,7190,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Selangor""}",,,bib7915,yes +7190-location-1,7190,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Selangor""}",,,bib7940,yes 7190-location-2,7190,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.13, 101.61]]}",,,bib75,no 7190-location-3,7190,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Peninsular Malaysia""}",,,bib67,no -7190-speaker_number-1,7190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2003); older signers.,bib7915,yes -7190-speakers-1,7190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2003); older signers.,bib7915,yes +7190-speaker_number-1,7190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(2003); older signers.,bib7940,yes +7190-speakers-1,7190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(2003); older signers.,bib7940,yes 7190-speaker_number-2,7190,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 7190-speakers-2,7190,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -7190-LEI-1,7190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7190-vitality-1,7190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7190-LEI-1,7190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7190-vitality-1,7190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7190-LEI-2,7190,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Decreasing,bib67,no 7190-vitality-2,7190,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Decreasing,bib67,no -7191-location-1,7191,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Throughout Sri Lanka""}",,,bib7915,yes +7191-location-1,7191,location,"{""Places"": [""Sri Lanka""], ""Description"": ""Throughout Sri Lanka""}",,,bib7940,yes 7191-location-2,7191,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[7.11, 79.86]]}",,,bib75,no -7191-speaker_number-1,7191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(1986),bib7915,yes -7191-speakers-1,7191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(1986),bib7915,yes +7191-speaker_number-1,7191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(1986),bib7940,yes +7191-speakers-1,7191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(1986),bib7940,yes 7191-speaker_number-2,7191,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"12,800 deaf persons (Van Cleve 1986)",bib67,no 7191-speakers-2,7191,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"12,800 deaf persons (Van Cleve 1986)",bib67,no -7191-LEI-1,7191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7191-vitality-1,7191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7191-LEI-1,7191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7191-vitality-1,7191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7191-LEI-2,7191,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7191-vitality-2,7191,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7192-location-1,7192,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Uluban Village and nearby hamlets.""}",,,bib7915,yes +7192-location-1,7192,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Uluban Village and nearby hamlets.""}",,,bib7940,yes 7192-location-2,7192,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region, Koro Circle, Diankabou District, Uluban village and related hamlets."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.577499, -3.082291]]}",,,bib67,no -7192-speaker_number-1,7192,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7915,yes -7192-speakers-1,7192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7915,yes +7192-speaker_number-1,7192,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7940,yes +7192-speakers-1,7192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7940,yes 7192-speaker_number-2,7192,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 7192-speakers-2,7192,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -7192-LEI-1,7192,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7192-vitality-1,7192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes +7192-LEI-1,7192,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7192-vitality-1,7192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes 7192-LEI-2,7192,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7192-vitality-2,7192,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7193-location-1,7193,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yogyakarta City and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.797, 110.368]]}",,,bib7915,yes -7193-speaker_number-1,7193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2011),bib7915,yes -7193-speakers-1,7193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600-3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2011),bib7915,yes -7193-LEI-1,7193,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,yes -7193-vitality-1,7193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7915,yes -7209-location-1,7209,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Martha's Vineyard""}",,,bib7915,no -7209-location-2,7209,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Martha's Vineyard (island off the coast of Massachusetts), late 1600s-1952""}",,,bib5456,yes +7193-location-1,7193,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Yogyakarta City and surrounding areas"", ""Coordinates"": [[-7.797, 110.368]]}",,,bib7940,yes +7193-speaker_number-1,7193,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2011),bib7940,yes +7193-speakers-1,7193,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,600-3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2011),bib7940,yes +7193-LEI-1,7193,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,yes +7193-vitality-1,7193,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7940,yes +7209-location-1,7209,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Martha's Vineyard""}",,,bib7940,no +7209-location-2,7209,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Martha's Vineyard (island off the coast of Massachusetts), late 1600s-1952""}",,,bib5479,yes 7209-location-3,7209,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.77, -70.74]]}",,,bib75,no -7209-speaker_number-1,7209,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few elderly users (all probably over 70) in 1985,bib7915,no -7209-speakers-1,7209,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Possibly 0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few elderly users (all probably over 70) in 1985,bib7915,no -7209-LEI-1,7209,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7915,no -7209-transmission-1,7209,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7915,no -7209-speaker_number_trends-1,7209,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7915,no -7209-vitality-1,7209,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7915,no +7209-speaker_number-1,7209,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Only a few elderly users (all probably over 70) in 1985,bib7940,no +7209-speakers-1,7209,speakers,"{""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Possibly 0"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Only a few elderly users (all probably over 70) in 1985,bib7940,no +7209-LEI-1,7209,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7940,no +7209-transmission-1,7209,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7940,no +7209-speaker_number_trends-1,7209,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7940,no +7209-vitality-1,7209,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7940,no 7209-LEI-2,7209,LEI,Dormant (),,"The language fell out of use with the death of the last signing deaf resident of the town of Chilmark in 1952."" -""In 1950, Eva West Look, the last of the Chilmark hereditary deaf, died. Katie West, her sister-in-law, whom Eva had brought to the Vineyard, died in 1952. Though some hearing Chilmarkers continued to use the sign language among themselves, they did not use it with people in the town who became deaf, nor with people from out of town.",bib5456,yes +""In 1950, Eva West Look, the last of the Chilmark hereditary deaf, died. Katie West, her sister-in-law, whom Eva had brought to the Vineyard, died in 1952. Though some hearing Chilmarkers continued to use the sign language among themselves, they did not use it with people in the town who became deaf, nor with people from out of town.",bib5479,yes 7209-vitality-2,7209,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"The language fell out of use with the death of the last signing deaf resident of the town of Chilmark in 1952."" -""In 1950, Eva West Look, the last of the Chilmark hereditary deaf, died. Katie West, her sister-in-law, whom Eva had brought to the Vineyard, died in 1952. Though some hearing Chilmarkers continued to use the sign language among themselves, they did not use it with people in the town who became deaf, nor with people from out of town.",bib5456,yes -721-context-1,721,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib5308,no -721-location-1,721,location,"{""Description"": ""Southern Daghestan, village of Archi, Charoda County""}",,,bib5308,no +""In 1950, Eva West Look, the last of the Chilmark hereditary deaf, died. Katie West, her sister-in-law, whom Eva had brought to the Vineyard, died in 1952. Though some hearing Chilmarkers continued to use the sign language among themselves, they did not use it with people in the town who became deaf, nor with people from out of town.",bib5479,yes +721-context-1,721,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools and wider communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib5331,no +721-location-1,721,location,"{""Description"": ""Southern Daghestan, village of Archi, Charoda County""}",,,bib5331,no 721-location-2,721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.0, 46.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 721-location-3,721,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -721-location-4,721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.9839, 46.8127]]}",,,bib5307,no -721-speaker_number-1,721,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5308,no -721-speakers-1,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5308,no +721-location-4,721,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.9839, 46.8127]]}",,,bib5330,no +721-speaker_number-1,721,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5331,no +721-speakers-1,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5331,no 721-speaker_number-2,721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006). Data for the ethnic population comes from A. E. Kibrik (1990),bib67,no 721-speakers-2,721,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006). Data for the ethnic population comes from A. E. Kibrik (1990),bib67,no -721-speaker_number-3,721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2511,yes -721-speakers-3,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2511,yes -721-speaker_number-4,721,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -721-speakers-4,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""524"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +721-speaker_number-3,721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2524,yes +721-speakers-3,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2524,yes +721-speaker_number-4,721,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +721-speakers-4,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""524"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 721-speaker_number-5,721,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 721-speakers-5,721,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 721-speaker_number-6,721,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib213,no 721-speakers-6,721,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": "">700"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1960"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib213,no -721-LEI-1,721,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,no -721-transmission-1,721,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5308,no -721-vitality-1,721,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,no +721-LEI-1,721,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,no +721-transmission-1,721,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5331,no +721-vitality-1,721,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,no 721-LEI-2,721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 721-vitality-2,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -721-LEI-3,721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,yes -721-vitality-3,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,yes -721-LEI-4,721,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -721-vitality-4,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +721-LEI-3,721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,yes +721-vitality-3,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,yes +721-LEI-4,721,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +721-vitality-4,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 721-LEI-5,721,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 721-vitality-5,721,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 721-LEI-6,721,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no @@ -62081,146 +62285,146 @@ The above factors pose a serious threat to APSL and might affect the language's 7229-speakers-1,7229,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Many monolinguals. Data for the number of native speakers comes from UKAW (2003).,bib67,yes 7229-LEI-1,7229,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7229-vitality-1,7229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7230-context-1,7230,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[The Bunaq people] are surrounded on all sides by Austronesian languages: Kemak to the north, Mambai to the east and Tetun to the south and west... while Bunaq is rarely learnt by non-Bunaq, almost all Bunaq are fluent in at least one Austronesian language.",bib6582,no +7230-context-1,7230,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost all""}",,"[The Bunaq people] are surrounded on all sides by Austronesian languages: Kemak to the north, Mambai to the east and Tetun to the south and west... while Bunaq is rarely learnt by non-Bunaq, almost all Bunaq are fluent in at least one Austronesian language.",bib6606,no 7230-location-1,7230,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.14, 125.22]]}",,,bib75,no -7230-location-2,7230,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""], ""Description"": ""Today the Bunaq-speaking area (Map 8.1) extends in the north from Maliana down to portions of the southern coast of Timor-Leste; it stretches east from the eastern edges of southern Belu regency in West Timor into the western edge of Manufahi subdistrict in Timor-Leste."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.160082, 125.259737]]}",,,bib6582,no +7230-location-2,7230,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor""], ""Description"": ""Today the Bunaq-speaking area (Map 8.1) extends in the north from Maliana down to portions of the southern coast of Timor-Leste; it stretches east from the eastern edges of southern Belu regency in West Timor into the western edge of Manufahi subdistrict in Timor-Leste."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.160082, 125.259737]]}",,,bib6606,no 7230-location-3,7230,location,"{""Places"": [""East Timor"", ""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Central interior Timor Island, south coast. Also in Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara).""}",,,bib67,yes -7230-speaker_number-1,7230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6582,no -7230-speakers-1,7230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6582,no +7230-speaker_number-1,7230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6606,no +7230-speakers-1,7230,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6606,no 7230-speaker_number-2,7230,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"50,000 in East Timor (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977).",bib67,yes 7230-speakers-2,7230,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"50,000 in East Timor (Voegelin and Voegelin 1977).",bib67,yes -7230-LEI-1,7230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6582,no -7230-vitality-1,7230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6582,no +7230-LEI-1,7230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6606,no +7230-vitality-1,7230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6606,no 7230-LEI-2,7230,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7230-vitality-2,7230,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7249-context-1,7249,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, varieties of Nasu""}",,"Known as Gan Yi, ‘dry Yi’, in Chinese, one of several groups so called, subservient to the Hei Yi, ‘black Yi’ nobility and Bai Yi, ‘white Yi’ commoner Nasu and Nosu. Laka was the term used in early missionary contacts; it is the Nasu name for the group. Being replaced by Chinese and/or varieties of closely related Nasu.",bib1205,yes -7249-location-1,7249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9368, 102.1839]]}",,,bib5307,no -7249-location-2,7249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, northern Wuding, Luquan and Yuanmou counties; Sichuan, southern Huili and western Miyi counties""}",,,bib1205,yes -7249-speaker_number-1,7249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 40,000 group members within the Yi nationality, but far fewer speakers.",bib1205,yes -7249-speakers-1,7249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 40,000 group members within the Yi nationality, but far fewer speakers.",bib1205,yes -7249-LEI-1,7249,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1205,yes -7249-speaker_number_trends-1,7249,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1205,yes -7249-vitality-1,7249,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1205,yes -7250-location-1,7250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.5964, 103.7329]]}",,,bib5307,no -7250-location-2,7250,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Shilin, Yiliang and surrounding counties""}",,,bib1205,yes -7250-speaker_number-1,7250,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"At least 2,000 people, members of this group within the Yi nationality in widely scattered villages, notably Aimalong village in northwestern Shilin County. Language unstudied, extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7250-speakers-1,7250,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"At least 2,000 people, members of this group within the Yi nationality in widely scattered villages, notably Aimalong village in northwestern Shilin County. Language unstudied, extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7250-LEI-1,7250,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7250-transmission-1,7250,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7250-speaker_number_trends-1,7250,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7250-vitality-1,7250,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1205,yes -7251-context-1,7251,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1205,yes -7251-location-1,7251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4211, 102.0459]]}",,,bib5307,no -7251-location-2,7251,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, along the border of Xinping and Shuangbai counties""}",,,bib1205,yes -7251-speaker_number-1,7251,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -7251-speakers-1,7251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~6,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -7251-LEI-1,7251,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1205,yes -7251-speaker_number_trends-1,7251,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1205,yes -7251-vitality-1,7251,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1205,yes -7252-context-1,7252,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"Classified as Mongol nationality; the group claims descent from a Mongol army left behind in Yunnan during the Yuan Dynasty, and maintains a shrine for Genghis Khan and other Mongol emperors, but they are aware that the language they speak is a Loloish one, and find their speech moderately similar to nearby Nisu. There is no evidence of any Mongol lexical or other material in the language.",bib1205,yes -7252-location-1,7252,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.0959, 102.5463]]}",,,bib5307,no -7252-location-2,7252,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, central Tonghai County, Xinmeng Township""}",,,bib1205,yes -7252-speaker_number-1,7252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -7252-speakers-1,7252,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -7252-speaker_number-2,7252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,yes -7252-speakers-2,7252,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,341"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,341"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,yes -7252-LEI-1,7252,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -7252-vitality-1,7252,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -7252-LEI-2,7252,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1205,yes -7252-transmission-2,7252,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1205,yes -7252-speaker_number_trends-2,7252,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1205,yes -7252-vitality-2,7252,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1205,yes +7249-context-1,7249,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese, varieties of Nasu""}",,"Known as Gan Yi, ‘dry Yi’, in Chinese, one of several groups so called, subservient to the Hei Yi, ‘black Yi’ nobility and Bai Yi, ‘white Yi’ commoner Nasu and Nosu. Laka was the term used in early missionary contacts; it is the Nasu name for the group. Being replaced by Chinese and/or varieties of closely related Nasu.",bib1214,yes +7249-location-1,7249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.9368, 102.1839]]}",,,bib5330,no +7249-location-2,7249,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, northern Wuding, Luquan and Yuanmou counties; Sichuan, southern Huili and western Miyi counties""}",,,bib1214,yes +7249-speaker_number-1,7249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 40,000 group members within the Yi nationality, but far fewer speakers.",bib1214,yes +7249-speakers-1,7249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~40,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<40,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 40,000 group members within the Yi nationality, but far fewer speakers.",bib1214,yes +7249-LEI-1,7249,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1214,yes +7249-speaker_number_trends-1,7249,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1214,yes +7249-vitality-1,7249,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib1214,yes +7250-location-1,7250,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.5964, 103.7329]]}",,,bib5330,no +7250-location-2,7250,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Shilin, Yiliang and surrounding counties""}",,,bib1214,yes +7250-speaker_number-1,7250,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"At least 2,000 people, members of this group within the Yi nationality in widely scattered villages, notably Aimalong village in northwestern Shilin County. Language unstudied, extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7250-speakers-1,7250,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"At least 2,000 people, members of this group within the Yi nationality in widely scattered villages, notably Aimalong village in northwestern Shilin County. Language unstudied, extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7250-LEI-1,7250,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7250-transmission-1,7250,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7250-speaker_number_trends-1,7250,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7250-vitality-1,7250,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Extinct in most places, moribund at best in Aimalong.",bib1214,yes +7251-context-1,7251,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1214,yes +7251-location-1,7251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.4211, 102.0459]]}",,,bib5330,no +7251-location-2,7251,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, along the border of Xinping and Shuangbai counties""}",,,bib1214,yes +7251-speaker_number-1,7251,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +7251-speakers-1,7251,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~6,600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +7251-LEI-1,7251,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1214,yes +7251-speaker_number_trends-1,7251,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1214,yes +7251-vitality-1,7251,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Some Chesu do not speak the language, using Chinese instead; in other areas it is in decline, and becoming endangered.",bib1214,yes +7252-context-1,7252,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,"Classified as Mongol nationality; the group claims descent from a Mongol army left behind in Yunnan during the Yuan Dynasty, and maintains a shrine for Genghis Khan and other Mongol emperors, but they are aware that the language they speak is a Loloish one, and find their speech moderately similar to nearby Nisu. There is no evidence of any Mongol lexical or other material in the language.",bib1214,yes +7252-location-1,7252,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Coordinates"": [[24.0959, 102.5463]]}",,,bib5330,no +7252-location-2,7252,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, central Tonghai County, Xinmeng Township""}",,,bib1214,yes +7252-speaker_number-1,7252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +7252-speakers-1,7252,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +7252-speaker_number-2,7252,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,yes +7252-speakers-2,7252,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6,341"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<6,341"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,yes +7252-LEI-1,7252,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +7252-vitality-1,7252,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +7252-LEI-2,7252,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1214,yes +7252-transmission-2,7252,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1214,yes +7252-speaker_number_trends-2,7252,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1214,yes +7252-vitality-2,7252,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most young people are semi- speakers, speaking Chinese instead; endangered, and becoming more so.",bib1214,yes 7253-context-1,7253,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin [cmn]"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some language heritage activities underway in the village school (Bradley 2007)."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib68,no -7253-context-2,7253,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1205,yes +7253-context-2,7253,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,,bib1214,yes 7253-location-1,7253,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan Province, Guandu district, Kunming municipality, Zijun village. A few elderly speakers in Zhenkang and Yongde.""}",,,bib68,no -7253-location-2,7253,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9359, 102.7935]]}",,,bib5307,no -7253-location-3,7253,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Kunming City, Guandu District""}",,,bib1205,yes +7253-location-2,7253,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9359, 102.7935]]}",,,bib5330,no +7253-location-3,7253,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Kunming City, Guandu District""}",,,bib1214,yes 7253-speaker_number-1,7253,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Population and speaker data from Bradley (2007),bib68,no 7253-speakers-1,7253,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2810"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Population and speaker data from Bradley (2007),bib68,no -7253-speaker_number-2,7253,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No fluent speakers under fifty.,bib1205,yes -7253-speakers-2,7253,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,808"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No fluent speakers under fifty.,bib1205,yes +7253-speaker_number-2,7253,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,No fluent speakers under fifty.,bib1214,yes +7253-speakers-2,7253,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,808"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,No fluent speakers under fifty.,bib1214,yes 7253-LEI-1,7253,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No fluent speakers under 50.,bib68,no 7253-transmission-1,7253,transmission,5,transmission-5,No fluent speakers under 50.,bib68,no 7253-domains_of_use-1,7253,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,No fluent speakers under 50.,bib68,no 7253-speaker_number_trends-1,7253,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,No fluent speakers under 50.,bib68,no 7253-vitality-1,7253,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No fluent speakers under 50.,bib68,no -7253-LEI-2,7253,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1205,yes -7253-transmission-2,7253,transmission,5,transmission-5,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1205,yes -7253-speaker_number_trends-2,7253,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1205,yes -7253-vitality-2,7253,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1205,yes -7254-context-1,7254,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,There are no monolingual speakers in Sanie. Sanie is not used even in home domains (grandparents tend to speak Chinese to grandchildren).,bib1212,yes -7254-context-2,7254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Classified in the Yi nationality.,bib1205,no -7254-location-1,7254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9262, 102.5134]]}",,,bib5307,no -7254-location-2,7254,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""around the Kunming areas, Yunnan Province""}",,"Xishan District (mainly in the western hills of Tuanjie and Gulu Townships), Fumin County and Anning County",bib1212,yes -7254-location-3,7254,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Xishan District of Kunming City and adjacent areas of southern Fumin and northern Anning counties""}",,,bib1205,no -7254-speaker_number-1,7254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,under the Yi nationality,bib1212,yes -7254-speakers-1,7254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,under the Yi nationality,bib1212,yes -7254-speaker_number-2,7254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1205,no -7254-speakers-2,7254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1205,no +7253-LEI-2,7253,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1214,yes +7253-transmission-2,7253,transmission,5,transmission-5,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1214,yes +7253-speaker_number_trends-2,7253,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1214,yes +7253-vitality-2,7253,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.,bib1214,yes +7254-context-1,7254,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,There are no monolingual speakers in Sanie. Sanie is not used even in home domains (grandparents tend to speak Chinese to grandchildren).,bib1221,yes +7254-context-2,7254,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese""}",,Classified in the Yi nationality.,bib1214,no +7254-location-1,7254,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.9262, 102.5134]]}",,,bib5330,no +7254-location-2,7254,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""around the Kunming areas, Yunnan Province""}",,"Xishan District (mainly in the western hills of Tuanjie and Gulu Townships), Fumin County and Anning County",bib1221,yes +7254-location-3,7254,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Yunnan, Xishan District of Kunming City and adjacent areas of southern Fumin and northern Anning counties""}",,,bib1214,no +7254-speaker_number-1,7254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,under the Yi nationality,bib1221,yes +7254-speakers-1,7254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~17000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,under the Yi nationality,bib1221,yes +7254-speaker_number-2,7254,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1214,no +7254-speakers-2,7254,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,230"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<8,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1214,no 7254-LEI-1,7254,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""Sanie presents a typical example of language shift in progress. Firstly, there are doubtless many residents of the Kunming area with unremembered Sanie ancestry. In the villages closest to the city, Chejiabi, Shiju and Zhaozong at the foot of Xishan, the language is dying; only those over sixty speak well, with some younger people able to understand a bit; but children do not know the language at all, even though their grandparents, who are bilingual, often care for them. These villages have long been in contact with the Han; the main road from Kunming to Dali used to pass right through the centre of Chejiabi. They are now completely surrounded and outnumbered by Han Chinese and well-integrated into the urban economy. However, at least in Chejiabi, the village leaders have recently started to identify more strongly as Yi, and have erected a village gate with characters in Reformed Yunnan Yi writing and a park with paintings of traditional Yi stories and inscriptions in these characters. -In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1212,yes +In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1221,yes 7254-transmission-1,7254,transmission,3,transmission-3,"""Sanie presents a typical example of language shift in progress. Firstly, there are doubtless many residents of the Kunming area with unremembered Sanie ancestry. In the villages closest to the city, Chejiabi, Shiju and Zhaozong at the foot of Xishan, the language is dying; only those over sixty speak well, with some younger people able to understand a bit; but children do not know the language at all, even though their grandparents, who are bilingual, often care for them. These villages have long been in contact with the Han; the main road from Kunming to Dali used to pass right through the centre of Chejiabi. They are now completely surrounded and outnumbered by Han Chinese and well-integrated into the urban economy. However, at least in Chejiabi, the village leaders have recently started to identify more strongly as Yi, and have erected a village gate with characters in Reformed Yunnan Yi writing and a park with paintings of traditional Yi stories and inscriptions in these characters. -In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1212,yes +In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1221,yes 7254-domains_of_use-1,7254,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""Sanie presents a typical example of language shift in progress. Firstly, there are doubtless many residents of the Kunming area with unremembered Sanie ancestry. In the villages closest to the city, Chejiabi, Shiju and Zhaozong at the foot of Xishan, the language is dying; only those over sixty speak well, with some younger people able to understand a bit; but children do not know the language at all, even though their grandparents, who are bilingual, often care for them. These villages have long been in contact with the Han; the main road from Kunming to Dali used to pass right through the centre of Chejiabi. They are now completely surrounded and outnumbered by Han Chinese and well-integrated into the urban economy. However, at least in Chejiabi, the village leaders have recently started to identify more strongly as Yi, and have erected a village gate with characters in Reformed Yunnan Yi writing and a park with paintings of traditional Yi stories and inscriptions in these characters. -In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1212,yes +In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1221,yes 7254-speaker_number_trends-1,7254,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""Sanie presents a typical example of language shift in progress. Firstly, there are doubtless many residents of the Kunming area with unremembered Sanie ancestry. In the villages closest to the city, Chejiabi, Shiju and Zhaozong at the foot of Xishan, the language is dying; only those over sixty speak well, with some younger people able to understand a bit; but children do not know the language at all, even though their grandparents, who are bilingual, often care for them. These villages have long been in contact with the Han; the main road from Kunming to Dali used to pass right through the centre of Chejiabi. They are now completely surrounded and outnumbered by Han Chinese and well-integrated into the urban economy. However, at least in Chejiabi, the village leaders have recently started to identify more strongly as Yi, and have erected a village gate with characters in Reformed Yunnan Yi writing and a park with paintings of traditional Yi stories and inscriptions in these characters. -In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1212,yes +In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1221,yes 7254-vitality-1,7254,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""Sanie presents a typical example of language shift in progress. Firstly, there are doubtless many residents of the Kunming area with unremembered Sanie ancestry. In the villages closest to the city, Chejiabi, Shiju and Zhaozong at the foot of Xishan, the language is dying; only those over sixty speak well, with some younger people able to understand a bit; but children do not know the language at all, even though their grandparents, who are bilingual, often care for them. These villages have long been in contact with the Han; the main road from Kunming to Dali used to pass right through the centre of Chejiabi. They are now completely surrounded and outnumbered by Han Chinese and well-integrated into the urban economy. However, at least in Chejiabi, the village leaders have recently started to identify more strongly as Yi, and have erected a village gate with characters in Reformed Yunnan Yi writing and a park with paintings of traditional Yi stories and inscriptions in these characters. -In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1212,yes -7254-LEI-2,7254,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1205,no -7254-transmission-2,7254,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1205,no -7254-speaker_number_trends-2,7254,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1205,no -7254-vitality-2,7254,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1205,no -7256-location-1,7256,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Previously spoken in Guajiquiro.\n\n\""S\u00f3lo queda la recuperaci\u00f3n de algunas palabras lencas que se conservan como substrato en el espa\u00f1ol hablado en el centro, sur y occidente de Honduras. Algunos hablantes del espa\u00f1ol de estas regiones todav\u00eda conservan el fonema /\u0161/ del lenca cuando pronuncian ciertas palabras.\"" (2000:290)""}",,"All that is left is the use of a few Lencan words that remain as a substrate in the Spanish spoken in central, southern, and western Honduras. Some speakers of the regional Spanish in these areas still conserve the Lencan phoneme /š/ when they pronounce certain words.",bib3487,no +In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youngest semi-speakers are young adults, but again children are not learning the language. These villages have been in close contact with the Han for many years. In the next ring of villages out, such as Baimei, Yuhua and those in northeast Gulu, closer contact with Han Chinese started after 1950 and Sanie is still used to a limited extent by children, but most are semispeakers. The most distant villages, such as those in eastern Tuanjia, central Gulu, Anning and Fumin, are still relatively remote but have also started to have extensive contact with Han Chinese and not many young people speak Sanie fluently there."" (p. 166-67)",bib1221,yes +7254-LEI-2,7254,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1214,no +7254-transmission-2,7254,transmission,3,transmission-3,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1214,no +7254-speaker_number_trends-2,7254,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1214,no +7254-vitality-2,7254,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In villages closer to Kunming the language is spoken only by the elderly, slightly further away only by adults, but furthest away a few children speak the language, which is being replaced by Chinese in the east and by Chinese and Nasu in the west.",bib1214,no +7256-location-1,7256,location,"{""Places"": [""Honduras""], ""Description"": ""Previously spoken in Guajiquiro.\n\n\""S\u00f3lo queda la recuperaci\u00f3n de algunas palabras lencas que se conservan como substrato en el espa\u00f1ol hablado en el centro, sur y occidente de Honduras. Algunos hablantes del espa\u00f1ol de estas regiones todav\u00eda conservan el fonema /\u0161/ del lenca cuando pronuncian ciertas palabras.\"" (2000:290)""}",,"All that is left is the use of a few Lencan words that remain as a substrate in the Spanish spoken in central, southern, and western Honduras. Some speakers of the regional Spanish in these areas still conserve the Lencan phoneme /š/ when they pronounce certain words.",bib3505,no 7256-location-2,7256,location,"{""Places"": [""El Salvador""], ""Description"": ""Chilanga"", ""Coordinates"": [[13.72, -88.118]]}",,,bib25,yes 7256-speakers-2,7256,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,No known speakers,bib25,yes -7256-LEI-1,7256,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3487,no -7256-vitality-1,7256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3487,no +7256-LEI-1,7256,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3505,no +7256-vitality-1,7256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3505,no 7256-LEI-2,7256,LEI,Dormant,,,bib25,yes 7256-vitality-2,7256,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib25,yes -7289-location-1,7289,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland state.""}",,,bib7525,yes +7289-location-1,7289,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Nagaland state.""}",,,bib7550,yes 7289-location-2,7289,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Nagaland, central Mokokchung district"", ""Coordinates"": [[26.321, 94.515]]}",,,bib67,no -7289-speaker_number-1,7289,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -7289-speakers-1,7289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes -7289-LEI-1,7289,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Transfer to an Assamese-based creole is general among Ao speakers,bib7525,yes -7289-vitality-1,7289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Transfer to an Assamese-based creole is general among Ao speakers,bib7525,yes -7290-location-1,7290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5969, 84.2253]]}",,,bib5307,no -7290-location-2,7290,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Manang Township, Manang District, Western Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.665, 84.023]]}",,,bib3518,yes -7290-location-3,7290,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Lower Manang valley.""}",,,bib7525,no -7290-speaker_number-1,7290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3518,yes -7290-speakers-1,7290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3518,yes -7290-speakers-2,7290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,Endangered,bib7525,no -7290-LEI-1,7290,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3518,yes -7290-vitality-1,7290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3518,yes -7309-location-1,7309,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Mongolia"", ""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""the Republic of Tuva in the Russian Federation and adjacent regions in China and Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.7134, 94.3945]]}",,,bib5307,yes +7289-speaker_number-1,7289,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +7289-speakers-1,7289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""65,275"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes +7289-LEI-1,7289,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Transfer to an Assamese-based creole is general among Ao speakers,bib7550,yes +7289-vitality-1,7289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Transfer to an Assamese-based creole is general among Ao speakers,bib7550,yes +7290-location-1,7290,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[28.5969, 84.2253]]}",,,bib5330,no +7290-location-2,7290,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Manang Township, Manang District, Western Region"", ""Coordinates"": [[28.665, 84.023]]}",,,bib3536,yes +7290-location-3,7290,location,"{""Places"": [""Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Lower Manang valley.""}",,,bib7550,no +7290-speaker_number-1,7290,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3536,yes +7290-speakers-1,7290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3536,yes +7290-speakers-2,7290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Number of speakers unknown""}",,Endangered,bib7550,no +7290-LEI-1,7290,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3536,yes +7290-vitality-1,7290,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3536,yes +7309-location-1,7309,location,"{""Places"": [""China"", ""Mongolia"", ""Russian Federation""], ""Description"": ""the Republic of Tuva in the Russian Federation and adjacent regions in China and Mongolia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.7134, 94.3945]]}",,,bib5330,yes 7309-location-2,7309,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.44, 92.67]]}",,,bib75,no 7309-location-3,7309,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -7309-speaker_number-1,7309,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,much smaller numbers of speakers in China and Mongolia,bib5307,yes -7309-speakers-1,7309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242,754"", ""Date Of Info"": ""the 2002 census of the Russian Federation"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,much smaller numbers of speakers in China and Mongolia,bib5307,yes +7309-speaker_number-1,7309,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,much smaller numbers of speakers in China and Mongolia,bib5330,yes +7309-speakers-1,7309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""242,754"", ""Date Of Info"": ""the 2002 census of the Russian Federation"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,much smaller numbers of speakers in China and Mongolia,bib5330,yes 7309-speakers-2,7309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""209,400""}",,,bib233,no 7309-speaker_number-3,7309,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"235,000 in Russian Federation, increasing. Population total all countries: 264,400. Ethnic population: 242,500 in Russian Federation",bib67,no 7309-speakers-3,7309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""264,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"235,000 in Russian Federation, increasing. Population total all countries: 264,400. Ethnic population: 242,500 in Russian Federation",bib67,no -7309-LEI-1,7309,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -7309-vitality-1,7309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +7309-LEI-1,7309,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +7309-vitality-1,7309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 7309-LEI-2,7309,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7309-vitality-2,7309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7329-context-1,7329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Some bilingualism in Urdu, especially among the educated and the employed."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Cultivated by language activists and media persons (radio announcers etc.)""}",,,bib6094,yes -7329-location-1,7329,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Baltistan""}",,,bib6094,yes +7329-context-1,7329,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Some bilingualism in Urdu, especially among the educated and the employed."", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive language attitudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Cultivated by language activists and media persons (radio announcers etc.)""}",,,bib6118,yes +7329-location-1,7329,location,"{""Places"": [""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Baltistan""}",,,bib6118,yes 7329-location-2,7329,location,"{""Places"": [""India"", ""Pakistan""], ""Description"": ""Gilgit-Baltistan District (formerly Baltistan District)"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.900731, 74.409599]]}",,,bib67,no 7329-speakers-1,7329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""337,000""}",,,bib233,no -7329-speaker_number-2,7329,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6094,yes -7329-speakers-2,7329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270,000 (Pakistan); 337,000 (Worldwide)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6094,yes +7329-speaker_number-2,7329,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6118,yes +7329-speakers-2,7329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""270,000 (Pakistan); 337,000 (Worldwide)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6118,yes 7329-speaker_number-3,7329,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,270000 in Pakistan (1992). Population total all countries: 308800,bib67,no 7329-speakers-3,7329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""308,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,270000 in Pakistan (1992). Population total all countries: 308800,bib67,no -7329-LEI-1,7329,LEI,"At risk (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6094,yes -7329-domains_of_use-1,7329,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6094,yes -7329-speaker_number_trends-1,7329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6094,yes -7329-vitality-1,7329,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6094,yes +7329-LEI-1,7329,LEI,"At risk (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6118,yes +7329-domains_of_use-1,7329,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6118,yes +7329-speaker_number_trends-1,7329,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6118,yes +7329-vitality-1,7329,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Used in all functions within the group. Used by teachers as an informal medium of instruction for small children if they are Balti speakers themselves.,bib6118,yes 7329-LEI-2,7329,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7329-vitality-2,7329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7352-location-1,7352,location,"{""Places"": [""Czech Republic""]}",,,bib68,yes @@ -62272,60 +62476,60 @@ In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youn 7359-LEI-1,7359,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7359-vitality-1,7359,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 7360-context-1,7360,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swiss-German Sign Language, Swiss-Italian Sign Language, other sign languages"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized, but not official; government resources in sign languages; several government acts of support for sign languages; subsidies for sign language classes; inter-cantonal training of sign language teachers and of sign language interpreters"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Swiss Federation of the Deaf (SGB-FSS), television program""}",,"It is not unusual for a Swiss Deaf person to know more than one of the Swiss sign languages through personal contacts as well as national associations (such as the Swiss Deaf Sports Association), as well as one or more foreign sign languages (especially German, French, Italian and American sign languages)."" -""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6149,yes -7360-location-1,7360,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Swiss French cantons""}",,,bib6149,yes +""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6173,yes +7360-location-1,7360,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Swiss French cantons""}",,,bib6173,yes 7360-location-2,7360,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.72, 6.78]]}",,,bib75,no 7360-location-3,7360,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""]}",,,bib67,no -7360-speaker_number-1,7360,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6149,yes -7360-speakers-1,7360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6149,yes +7360-speaker_number-1,7360,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6173,yes +7360-speakers-1,7360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6173,yes 7360-speaker_number-2,7360,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7360-speakers-2,7360,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7360-LEI-1,7360,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7360-transmission-1,7360,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7360-speaker_number_trends-1,7360,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7360-vitality-1,7360,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7360-LEI-2,7360,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7360-vitality-2,7360,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7361-context-1,7361,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swiss-French Sign Language, Swiss-Italian Sign Language, other sign languages"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized, but not official; government resources in sign languages; several government acts of support for sign languages; subsidies for sign language classes; inter-cantonal training of sign language teachers and of sign language interpreters"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Center for higher education for signing deaf students, Swiss Federation of the Deaf (SGB-FSS), television program""}",,"It is not unusual for a Swiss Deaf person to know more than one of the Swiss sign languages through personal contacts as well as national associations (such as the Swiss Deaf Sports Association), as well as one or more foreign sign languages (especially German, French, Italian and American sign languages)."" -""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6149,yes -7361-location-1,7361,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland, Liechtenstein""], ""Description"": ""Swiss German cantons""}",,"Although living in a different country, the deaf persons in Liechtenstein use a sign language which seems to be closely related to that used in the Swiss German cantons.",bib6149,yes +""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6173,yes +7361-location-1,7361,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland, Liechtenstein""], ""Description"": ""Swiss German cantons""}",,"Although living in a different country, the deaf persons in Liechtenstein use a sign language which seems to be closely related to that used in the Swiss German cantons.",bib6173,yes 7361-location-2,7361,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[47.11, 9.08]]}",,,bib75,no 7361-location-3,7361,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""]}",,,bib67,no -7361-speaker_number-1,7361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6149,yes -7361-speakers-1,7361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6149,yes +7361-speaker_number-1,7361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6173,yes +7361-speakers-1,7361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6173,yes 7361-speaker_number-2,7361,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7361-speakers-2,7361,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7361-LEI-1,7361,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7361-transmission-1,7361,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7361-speaker_number_trends-1,7361,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7361-vitality-1,7361,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7361-LEI-2,7361,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7361-vitality-2,7361,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7362-context-1,7362,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swiss-German Sign Language, Swiss-French Sign Language, other sign languages"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized, but not official; government resources in sign languages; several government acts of support for sign languages; subsidies for sign language classes; inter-cantonal training of sign language teachers and of sign language interpreters"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Swiss Federation of the Deaf (SGB-FSS)""}",,"It is not unusual for a Swiss Deaf person to know more than one of the Swiss sign languages through personal contacts as well as national associations (such as the Swiss Deaf Sports Association), as well as one or more foreign sign languages (especially German, French, Italian and American sign languages)."" -""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6149,yes -7362-location-1,7362,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Swiss-Italian cantons""}",,,bib6149,yes +""There are currently more materials available for DSGS than for the other Swiss languages, although the newly nationalized Swiss Deaf Association is currently making plans for producing such products for LSF-SR and LIS-SI as well.",bib6173,yes +7362-location-1,7362,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""], ""Description"": ""Swiss-Italian cantons""}",,,bib6173,yes 7362-location-2,7362,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.31, 8.79]]}",,,bib75,no 7362-location-3,7362,location,"{""Places"": [""Switzerland""]}",,,bib67,no -7362-speaker_number-1,7362,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...estimates based on the internationally used formula of 0.0 I signing deaf persons per thousand of a population, as well as on membership in various clubs and organizations and on clients of interpreter services, would indicate that of the c.7.5million inhabitants of Switzerland, there are c.7,500 Deaf signers, with c.5,500 in the eighteen primarily German-speaking cantons, 1,700 in the seven primarily French cantons and 300 in the Italian canton. Whether the traditional formula is still valid for the younger generations of deaf children who now routinely receive cochlear implants is an important open question for future research. There are, in addition, c.13,000 hearing signers in the country, an estimate based on the number of participants in sign language classes. There are no figures for children of deaf adults (CODAs).",bib6149,yes -7362-speakers-1,7362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""ca. 7,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"...estimates based on the internationally used formula of 0.0 I signing deaf persons per thousand of a population, as well as on membership in various clubs and organizations and on clients of interpreter services, would indicate that of the c.7.5million inhabitants of Switzerland, there are c.7,500 Deaf signers, with c.5,500 in the eighteen primarily German-speaking cantons, 1,700 in the seven primarily French cantons and 300 in the Italian canton. Whether the traditional formula is still valid for the younger generations of deaf children who now routinely receive cochlear implants is an important open question for future research. There are, in addition, c.13,000 hearing signers in the country, an estimate based on the number of participants in sign language classes. There are no figures for children of deaf adults (CODAs).",bib6149,yes +7362-speaker_number-1,7362,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...estimates based on the internationally used formula of 0.0 I signing deaf persons per thousand of a population, as well as on membership in various clubs and organizations and on clients of interpreter services, would indicate that of the c.7.5million inhabitants of Switzerland, there are c.7,500 Deaf signers, with c.5,500 in the eighteen primarily German-speaking cantons, 1,700 in the seven primarily French cantons and 300 in the Italian canton. Whether the traditional formula is still valid for the younger generations of deaf children who now routinely receive cochlear implants is an important open question for future research. There are, in addition, c.13,000 hearing signers in the country, an estimate based on the number of participants in sign language classes. There are no figures for children of deaf adults (CODAs).",bib6173,yes +7362-speakers-1,7362,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""ca. 7,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"...estimates based on the internationally used formula of 0.0 I signing deaf persons per thousand of a population, as well as on membership in various clubs and organizations and on clients of interpreter services, would indicate that of the c.7.5million inhabitants of Switzerland, there are c.7,500 Deaf signers, with c.5,500 in the eighteen primarily German-speaking cantons, 1,700 in the seven primarily French cantons and 300 in the Italian canton. Whether the traditional formula is still valid for the younger generations of deaf children who now routinely receive cochlear implants is an important open question for future research. There are, in addition, c.13,000 hearing signers in the country, an estimate based on the number of participants in sign language classes. There are no figures for children of deaf adults (CODAs).",bib6173,yes 7362-speaker_number-2,7362,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7362-speakers-2,7362,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(Van Cleve 1986),bib67,no 7362-LEI-1,7362,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7362-transmission-1,7362,transmission,2,transmission-2,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7362-speaker_number_trends-1,7362,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7362-vitality-1,7362,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"In 2006, approximately 80 percent of deaf infants were implanted, many of them at as early as thirteen months of age and the medical staff usually does not encourage parents to use sign language with their deaf child.... The number of pupils in the day and residential schools for the Deaf has been steadily decreasing over the past decade, as the large majority of Swiss deaf children who have received a cochlear implant are integrated into classes with hearing children, usually without signing support."" -""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6149,yes +""Many signers in these more recent deaf generations have learned sign language as adolescents from the adult Deaf community.",bib6173,yes 7362-LEI-2,7362,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7362-vitality-2,7362,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7369-location-1,7369,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""Located south of the Fly River in Western Province, between the Pahoturi River and Kura Creek. The land area borders the coastline but the villages are about 5 kilometers inland. The Gizrra people live in three main villages, Kulalae, Waidorro, and Kolmet, and two minor villages, Ngomtono and Barrnap, established from Kulalae.""}",,,bib241,no @@ -62334,217 +62538,217 @@ In the first villages in the mountains, such as Daxing and Huahongyuan, the youn 7369-speakers-2,7369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,yes 7369-LEI-1,7369,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7369-vitality-1,7369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7371-location-1,7371,location,"{""Places"": [""Ureparapara: Lehali, Lekwarangle""]}",,,bib7426,yes +7371-location-1,7371,location,"{""Places"": [""Ureparapara: Lehali, Lekwarangle""]}",,,bib7450,yes 7371-location-2,7371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -7371-location-3,7371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Ureparapara)""}",,,bib2728,no +7371-location-3,7371,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Ureparapara)""}",,,bib2742,no 7371-location-4,7371,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.5, 167.33]]}",,,bib75,no -7371-speaker_number-1,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7426,yes -7371-speakers-1,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7426,yes -7371-speaker_number-2,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -7371-speakers-2,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +7371-speaker_number-1,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7450,yes +7371-speakers-1,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7450,yes +7371-speaker_number-2,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +7371-speakers-2,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 7371-speaker_number-3,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,250 (2007 A. Francois). Ethnic population: 350,bib67,no 7371-speakers-3,7371,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""350"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,250 (2007 A. Francois). Ethnic population: 350,bib67,no -7371-speaker_number-4,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -7371-speakers-4,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no -7371-speaker_number-5,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -7371-speakers-5,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +7371-speaker_number-4,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +7371-speakers-4,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no +7371-speaker_number-5,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +7371-speakers-5,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 7371-speaker_number-6,7371,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 7371-speakers-6,7371,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -7371-LEI-1,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,yes -7371-vitality-1,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,yes -7371-LEI-2,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -7371-vitality-2,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +7371-LEI-1,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,yes +7371-vitality-1,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,yes +7371-LEI-2,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +7371-vitality-2,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 7371-LEI-3,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7371-vitality-3,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7371-LEI-4,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -7371-vitality-4,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -7371-LEI-5,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -7371-vitality-5,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +7371-LEI-4,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +7371-vitality-4,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +7371-LEI-5,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +7371-vitality-5,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 7371-LEI-6,7371,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 7371-vitality-6,7371,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -7372-location-1,7372,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Mota island""}",,,bib2728,no +7372-location-1,7372,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Mota island""}",,,bib2742,no 7372-location-2,7372,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib67,no -7372-location-3,7372,location,"{""Places"": [""Mota""]}",,,bib7426,yes +7372-location-3,7372,location,"{""Places"": [""Mota""]}",,,bib7450,yes 7372-location-4,7372,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.82, 167.69]]}",,,bib75,no -7372-speaker_number-1,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2728,no -7372-speakers-1,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2728,no -7372-speaker_number-2,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2753,no -7372-speakers-2,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2753,no +7372-speaker_number-1,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2742,no +7372-speakers-1,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2742,no +7372-speaker_number-2,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2767,no +7372-speakers-2,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2767,no 7372-speaker_number-3,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,900 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no 7372-speakers-3,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,900 (Lynch and Crowley 2001),bib67,no -7372-speaker_number-4,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Two dialects distinguished: Wenaoh and Wetaq. The Wenaoh dialect, used in the Bible and Scriptural translations, has few remaining speakers. Wetaq is the dialect common to Mota speakers today.",bib7426,yes -7372-speakers-4,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Two dialects distinguished: Wenaoh and Wetaq. The Wenaoh dialect, used in the Bible and Scriptural translations, has few remaining speakers. Wetaq is the dialect common to Mota speakers today.",bib7426,yes +7372-speaker_number-4,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Two dialects distinguished: Wenaoh and Wetaq. The Wenaoh dialect, used in the Bible and Scriptural translations, has few remaining speakers. Wetaq is the dialect common to Mota speakers today.",bib7450,yes +7372-speakers-4,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Two dialects distinguished: Wenaoh and Wetaq. The Wenaoh dialect, used in the Bible and Scriptural translations, has few remaining speakers. Wetaq is the dialect common to Mota speakers today.",bib7450,yes 7372-speaker_number-5,7372,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 7372-speakers-5,7372,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -7372-LEI-1,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2728,no -7372-vitality-1,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2728,no -7372-LEI-2,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -7372-vitality-2,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no +7372-LEI-1,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2742,no +7372-vitality-1,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2742,no +7372-LEI-2,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +7372-vitality-2,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no 7372-LEI-3,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7372-vitality-3,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7372-LEI-4,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,yes -7372-vitality-4,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,yes +7372-LEI-4,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,yes +7372-vitality-4,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,yes 7372-LEI-5,7372,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 7372-vitality-5,7372,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -7373-location-1,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands""}",,,bib2752,yes -7373-location-2,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.846, 167.442]]}",,,bib395,no -7373-location-3,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vatrata, Lesa, Mbek""]}",,,bib7426,no -7373-location-4,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2753,no -7373-speaker_number-1,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lemerig had five speakers in 2003 and has now gone down to just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2752,yes -7373-speakers-1,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lemerig had five speakers in 2003 and has now gone down to just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2752,yes -7373-speaker_number-2,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib395,no -7373-speakers-2,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib395,no -7373-speaker_number-3,7373,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7426,no -7373-speakers-3,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7426,no -7373-speaker_number-4,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2753,no -7373-speakers-4,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2753,no -7373-speaker_number-5,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2751,no -7373-speakers-5,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2751,no -7373-LEI-1,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2752,yes -7373-transmission-1,7373,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2752,yes -7373-vitality-1,7373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2752,yes -7373-LEI-2,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib395,no -7373-transmission-2,7373,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib395,no -7373-vitality-2,7373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib395,no -7373-LEI-3,7373,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7426,no -7373-vitality-3,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7426,no -7373-LEI-4,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2753,no -7373-vitality-4,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2753,no -7373-LEI-5,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2751,no -7373-vitality-5,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2751,no +7373-location-1,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands""}",,,bib2766,yes +7373-location-2,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""], ""Description"": ""Banks Islands (Vanua Lava)"", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.846, 167.442]]}",,,bib396,no +7373-location-3,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanua Lava: Vatrata, Lesa, Mbek""]}",,,bib7450,no +7373-location-4,7373,location,"{""Places"": [""Vanuatu""]}",,,bib2767,no +7373-speaker_number-1,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Lemerig had five speakers in 2003 and has now gone down to just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2766,yes +7373-speakers-1,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Lemerig had five speakers in 2003 and has now gone down to just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2766,yes +7373-speaker_number-2,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib396,no +7373-speakers-2,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib396,no +7373-speaker_number-3,7373,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib7450,no +7373-speakers-3,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib7450,no +7373-speaker_number-4,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib2767,no +7373-speakers-4,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib2767,no +7373-speaker_number-5,7373,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2765,no +7373-speakers-5,7373,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Just two individuals, who live in an area settled by Mwotlap speakers.",bib2765,no +7373-LEI-1,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2766,yes +7373-transmission-1,7373,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2766,yes +7373-vitality-1,7373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2766,yes +7373-LEI-2,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib396,no +7373-transmission-2,7373,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib396,no +7373-vitality-2,7373,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib396,no +7373-LEI-3,7373,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7450,no +7373-vitality-3,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7450,no +7373-LEI-4,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2767,no +7373-vitality-4,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2767,no +7373-LEI-5,7373,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2765,no +7373-vitality-5,7373,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2765,no 7374-context-1,7374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meitei, English""}",,,bib67,no -7374-context-2,7374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib7525,yes -7374-context-3,7374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei, Nagamese, English""}",,"Tangkhuls are bilingual in Meithei and Nagamese (""Naga Pidgin""). They communicate with other residents of Manipur in Meithei. English or Nagamese is used when communicating with the various Naga tribes of Nagaland. The ""standardized"" Ukhrul dialect of Tangkhul is used as a lingua franca for inter-village communication, and is the preferred dialect used in prayers and rituals.",bib7578,no +7374-context-2,7374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei""}",,,bib7550,yes +7374-context-3,7374,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Meithei, Nagamese, English""}",,"Tangkhuls are bilingual in Meithei and Nagamese (""Naga Pidgin""). They communicate with other residents of Manipur in Meithei. English or Nagamese is used when communicating with the various Naga tribes of Nagaland. The ""standardized"" Ukhrul dialect of Tangkhul is used as a lingua franca for inter-village communication, and is the preferred dialect used in prayers and rituals.",bib7603,no 7374-location-1,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib50,no 7374-location-2,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Manipur, Ukhrul district, 168 villages; Nagaland; Tripura.""}",,,bib67,no -7374-location-3,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of Siang river.""}",,,bib7525,yes -7374-location-4,7374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0358, 94.4824]]}",,,bib5307,no -7374-location-5,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 220 villages throughot the Ukhrul District. About 20% of the Tangkhul popultion are scattered outside of Ukhrul District in the surrounding areas of Manipur, Nagaland, and northwest Burma. The most notable concentrations of Tangkhul speakers outside of Ukhrul District are in Kohima and Dimapur Valley in Nagaland, as well as in Imphal (capital of Manipur State).""}",,,bib7578,no +7374-location-3,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh state, west bank of Siang river.""}",,,bib7550,yes +7374-location-4,7374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.0358, 94.4824]]}",,,bib5330,no +7374-location-5,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 220 villages throughot the Ukhrul District. About 20% of the Tangkhul popultion are scattered outside of Ukhrul District in the surrounding areas of Manipur, Nagaland, and northwest Burma. The most notable concentrations of Tangkhul speakers outside of Ukhrul District are in Kohima and Dimapur Valley in Nagaland, as well as in Imphal (capital of Manipur State).""}",,,bib7603,no 7374-location-6,7374,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[25.05, 94.36]]}",,,bib75,no -7374-location-7,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib467,no +7374-location-7,7374,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib470,no 7374-speaker_number-1,7374,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib50,no 7374-speakers-1,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142,035"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib50,no 7374-speaker_number-2,7374,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 7374-speakers-2,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -7374-speaker_number-3,7374,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7525,yes -7374-speakers-3,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,167"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7525,yes -7374-speakers-4,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142,000""}",,,bib5307,no -7374-speaker_number-5,7374,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7578,no -7374-speakers-5,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7578,no +7374-speaker_number-3,7374,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7550,yes +7374-speakers-3,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""58,167"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1971"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7550,yes +7374-speakers-4,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""142,000""}",,,bib5330,no +7374-speaker_number-5,7374,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib7603,no +7374-speakers-5,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib7603,no 7374-speakers-6,7374,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000""}",,,bib233,no 7374-LEI-1,7374,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib50,no 7374-vitality-1,7374,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib50,no 7374-LEI-2,7374,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Taught in Primary schools. Magazines, newspapers and radio program exist in the language.",bib67,no 7374-domains_of_use-2,7374,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Taught in Primary schools. Magazines, newspapers and radio program exist in the language.",bib67,no 7374-vitality-2,7374,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Taught in Primary schools. Magazines, newspapers and radio program exist in the language.",bib67,no -7374-LEI-3,7374,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7525,yes -7374-speaker_number_trends-3,7374,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7525,yes -7374-vitality-3,7374,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7525,yes -7374-LEI-4,7374,LEI,"Safe (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7578,no -7374-transmission-4,7374,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7578,no -7374-domains_of_use-4,7374,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib7578,no -7374-vitality-4,7374,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7578,no -7374-LEI-5,7374,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib467,no -7374-transmission-5,7374,transmission,2,transmission-2,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib467,no -7374-vitality-5,7374,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib467,no -7389-context-1,7389,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, mass media, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English, Garhwali, Kumauni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6752,no -7389-context-2,7389,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Administration"", ""education"", ""inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kumani; Nepali; Hindi; Tibetan""}",,"Chaudangs learn Kumauni and Nepali, as they are in close contact with speakers of these languages. Hindi is learnt through education and other formal occasions in offices and in written communication. The people in this area had barter trade relations with Tibet which were disrupted by the Indo-Chinese conflict in 1962. Because of this, some older people have a working knowledge of Tibetan as well.",bib6813,yes -7389-location-1,7389,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Patti Chaudangs, which starts from Tawaghat and goes up to Zipti village.""}",,,bib6752,no +7374-LEI-3,7374,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7550,yes +7374-speaker_number_trends-3,7374,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7550,yes +7374-vitality-3,7374,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Owing to a rapid shift to Meithei, the language is nearly extinct.",bib7550,yes +7374-LEI-4,7374,LEI,"Safe (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7603,no +7374-transmission-4,7374,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib7603,no +7374-domains_of_use-4,7374,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib7603,no +7374-vitality-4,7374,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7603,no +7374-LEI-5,7374,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib470,no +7374-transmission-5,7374,transmission,2,transmission-2,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib470,no +7374-vitality-5,7374,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,I hear the claim that everyone speaks the language all the time from people in India even while observing young community members in the same locale who in fact do not speak their heritage language.,bib470,no +7389-context-1,7389,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education, mass media, government""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi, English, Garhwali, Kumauni"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Hindi is the official language of Uttar Pradesh and is widely used as a medium of education and instruction from primary school to the university level. All written communication, mass media, radio and television, political speeches, and formal and official discussions take place in Hindi. English is taught as one of the subjects at the high school level and some of the science subjects are also taught in English at the university level... All the [Tibeto-Burman] languages are used in the home with family members and friends from the same group... Code switching and code mixing are very common. A coordinate and stable type of bilingualism must have existed for a long time. No one has been reported to be a monolingual in any age group among the speakers of TB languages.",bib6776,no +7389-context-2,7389,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Administration"", ""education"", ""inter-group communication""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Kumani; Nepali; Hindi; Tibetan""}",,"Chaudangs learn Kumauni and Nepali, as they are in close contact with speakers of these languages. Hindi is learnt through education and other formal occasions in offices and in written communication. The people in this area had barter trade relations with Tibet which were disrupted by the Indo-Chinese conflict in 1962. Because of this, some older people have a working knowledge of Tibetan as well.",bib6837,yes +7389-location-1,7389,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in Patti Chaudangs, which starts from Tawaghat and goes up to Zipti village.""}",,,bib6776,no 7389-location-2,7389,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[29.7, 80.48]]}",,,bib77,no -7389-location-3,7389,location,"{""Places"": [""India, Nepal""]}",,,bib466,no -7389-location-4,7389,location,"{""Description"": ""The geographical area where Chaudangsi is spoken starts from the village Pangu \nand goes up to the village Zipti along the path which leads to Tibet in Dharchula \nSub-division of Pithoragarh District of Uttar Pradesh. The whole area lies between the rivers \nKali and Dhauli.""}",,,bib6813,yes +7389-location-3,7389,location,"{""Places"": [""India, Nepal""]}",,,bib468,no +7389-location-4,7389,location,"{""Description"": ""The geographical area where Chaudangsi is spoken starts from the village Pangu \nand goes up to the village Zipti along the path which leads to Tibet in Dharchula \nSub-division of Pithoragarh District of Uttar Pradesh. The whole area lies between the rivers \nKali and Dhauli.""}",,,bib6837,yes 7389-location-5,7389,location,"{""Places"": [""India, Nepal""], ""Description"": ""Uttaranchal, Pithoragarh District, Darchula and Munsyari tahsils, Chaudangs Patti, Kali River west bank facing the Nepal border along India: Mahakali Valley. Villages include Panggu, Rongto, Rimzhim, Waiku, Monggong, Chilla, Song, Sosa, Sirdang, Sirkha, Rung, Zipti, Gala, Tangkul, SyangKhola. Nepal: \tMahakali zone, Darchula District, Chaudas Valley. 10 villages.""}",,,bib67,no -7389-speaker_number-1,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6752,no -7389-speakers-1,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6752,no -7389-speaker_number-2,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib466,no -7389-speakers-2,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib466,no +7389-speaker_number-1,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6776,no +7389-speakers-1,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6776,no +7389-speaker_number-2,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib468,no +7389-speakers-2,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib468,no 7389-speaker_number-3,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The total population of Chaudangsi speakers has been estimated to be around 3,500 by the local village census records. However, the census reports give the total figures of -scheduled tribes in the whole of district.",bib6813,yes +scheduled tribes in the whole of district.",bib6837,yes 7389-speakers-3,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The total population of Chaudangsi speakers has been estimated to be around 3,500 by the local village census records. However, the census reports give the total figures of -scheduled tribes in the whole of district.",bib6813,yes +scheduled tribes in the whole of district.",bib6837,yes 7389-speaker_number-4,7389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 7389-speakers-4,7389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,030"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -7389-LEI-1,7389,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,no -7389-domains_of_use-1,7389,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,no -7389-vitality-1,7389,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6752,no -7389-LEI-2,7389,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib466,no -7389-vitality-2,7389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib466,no +7389-LEI-1,7389,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,no +7389-domains_of_use-1,7389,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,no +7389-vitality-1,7389,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"[Tibeto-Burman language] speakers in this area are in close contact with the dominant speakers of Garhwali and Kumauni in their oral communication and with Hindi in written and spoken modes due to the nature of the socio-political and educational systems. The TB speakers start learning both their native languages and Kumauni or Garhwali simultaneously. Native languages are learnt at home within the family and Garhwali or Kumauni is learnt from friends outside the home... There is an increasing amount of code switching between Hindi and Kumauni/Garhwali in discussions, both formal and informal. Hindi enjoys high prestige and the TB languages have low prestige... If the present socio-political and economic situation, and the sociolinguistic patterns of language use continue to exist, it is possible to predict that the speakers of the TB languages in this region will eventually shift completely to the majority languages, though it may turn out that a stable bilingualism will continue to exist, preserving the TB languages.",bib6776,no +7389-LEI-2,7389,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib468,no +7389-vitality-2,7389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib468,no 7389-LEI-3,7389,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most of the villages in the Chaudangs area are multi-ethnic and multi-lingual, and there the Chaudangs come in close contact with Kumauni and Nepali. Many a time Hindi is used for inter-group communication as it is the official language of administration and education. The increasing use of Kumauni and Hindi in various domains is reducing the -native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6813,yes +native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6837,yes 7389-domains_of_use-3,7389,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Most of the villages in the Chaudangs area are multi-ethnic and multi-lingual, and there the Chaudangs come in close contact with Kumauni and Nepali. Many a time Hindi is used for inter-group communication as it is the official language of administration and education. The increasing use of Kumauni and Hindi in various domains is reducing the -native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6813,yes +native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6837,yes 7389-vitality-3,7389,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Most of the villages in the Chaudangs area are multi-ethnic and multi-lingual, and there the Chaudangs come in close contact with Kumauni and Nepali. Many a time Hindi is used for inter-group communication as it is the official language of administration and education. The increasing use of Kumauni and Hindi in various domains is reducing the -native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6813,yes +native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6837,yes 7389-LEI-4,7389,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7389-vitality-4,7389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7409-location-1,7409,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central California, Monterrey and San Benito counties.""}",,,bib69,no -7409-location-2,7409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.432821, -121.900755]]}",,,bib1772,yes +7409-location-2,7409,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.432821, -121.900755]]}",,,bib1784,yes 7409-speakers-1,7409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"No known L1 speakers, but emerging L2 speakers. Last fluent speakers in the 18th or early 19th centuries.",bib69,no -7409-speakers-2,7409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"In 2002, the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe Language Committee was established and began the quest to restore our Tribe's Native Muwekma Ohlone Language. Silent for over 65 years, Čočenyo (Chochenyo) was spoken for the first time by Muwekma tribal members.",bib1772,yes +7409-speakers-2,7409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"In 2002, the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe Language Committee was established and began the quest to restore our Tribe's Native Muwekma Ohlone Language. Silent for over 65 years, Čočenyo (Chochenyo) was spoken for the first time by Muwekma tribal members.",bib1784,yes 7409-LEI-1,7409,LEI,Awakening (),,Revitalization work in progress: all ages attend workshops in the language. Many consider themselves speakers because they can converse in the language.,bib69,no 7409-vitality-1,7409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Revitalization work in progress: all ages attend workshops in the language. Many consider themselves speakers because they can converse in the language.,bib69,no -7409-LEI-2,7409,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1772,yes -7409-vitality-2,7409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1772,yes +7409-LEI-2,7409,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib1784,yes +7409-vitality-2,7409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib1784,yes 7452-context-1,7452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, English, Mbukushu, Kwangali"", ""Government Support"": ""Not recognized by government"", ""Institutional Support"": ""One primary school""}",,"With the exception of the Kipi George Primary School where a teacher tried his best to explain subjects in Kxoedam, English and or [sic] Afrikaans are used as medium of instruction in all schools in the area."" -""[T]he Kxoe people have no access to socio-economic development, including effective education, adequate health care and social service, sanitation ,water supply, housing, radio and posts and telecommunication services.",bib5451,no +""[T]he Kxoe people have no access to socio-economic development, including effective education, adequate health care and social service, sanitation ,water supply, housing, radio and posts and telecommunication services.",bib5474,no 7452-context-2,7452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English; Afrikaans; Lozi;"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"[In Namibia] Vigorous. Many non-Khwe learn Khwe for interaction with Khwe. Positive attitude. Also use English or Afrikaans... Many in Zambia have given up Khwe to speak the language of their partners and parents. Few speak Lozi [loz], the lingua franca of the area.",bib67,no -7452-context-3,7452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Khwe and ǁAni distinguish their ethnic affiliation, but claim to speak dialects of one common language. In 2000, Khwe and ǁAni speakers formed one single language committee to standardize and develop their language, as well as to produce written materials for their language.",bib1243,yes +7452-context-3,7452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"Khwe and ǁAni distinguish their ethnic affiliation, but claim to speak dialects of one common language. In 2000, Khwe and ǁAni speakers formed one single language committee to standardize and develop their language, as well as to produce written materials for their language.",bib1252,yes 7452-context-4,7452,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Textbooks""], ""Government Support"": ""UNITA soldiers build houses, get food and water for Kxoe"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Used as oral medium of instruction in West Caprivi, Namibia; Kxoe community workshop on language held in 1996;""}",,"Upon request of the Kxoe authority, a first Kxoe community workshop on language was held in Mutc'iku [Namibia] from July 28th to Septermber 1st 1996... A practical course on how to read and write Kxoedam was the major interest of the participants, and follow-up seminars were requested."" -""Kxoedam is the language dominantly used in West Caprivi [Namibia] and it is employed as a lingua franca.",bib1238,no -7452-location-1,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Caprivi, Namibia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.926476, 22.575188]]}",,,bib5451,no +""Kxoedam is the language dominantly used in West Caprivi [Namibia] and it is employed as a lingua franca.",bib1247,no +7452-location-1,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Western Caprivi, Namibia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-17.926476, 22.575188]]}",,,bib5474,no 7452-location-2,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa"", ""Botswana"", ""Namibia"", ""Zambia"", ""Angola""]}",,,bib67,no -7452-location-3,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Botswana"", ""South Africa"", ""Angola"", ""Zambia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.01008, 22.434082], [-18.890695, 22.966919], [-16.156645, 21.780396]]}",,"Roughly 3700 Khwe-speakers live in Namibia, mainly in the Caprivi Strip, and about 1700 in the northwestern part of Botswana. Since 1989, 1300 live in Schmidtsdrift and Platfontein west of Kimberley in RSA. There are still about 300-400 Khwe (Ngarange-Khwe) moving between the Rivungu area of Angola and the Sioma plains in Zambia. Today, the largest Khwe settlements are Mutc’iku (1200) next to the Okavango River in Namibia, and Gudigoa (800) in Botswana.",bib1243,yes -7452-location-4,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Angola, South Africa""]}",,"Almost all 4.000 Namibian Kxoe live in the Caprivi Strip, 3.600 of the in West Caprivi and approximately 400 in East Caprivi.",bib1238,no -7452-speakers-1,7452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996""}",,,bib5451,no +7452-location-3,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Botswana"", ""South Africa"", ""Angola"", ""Zambia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-18.01008, 22.434082], [-18.890695, 22.966919], [-16.156645, 21.780396]]}",,"Roughly 3700 Khwe-speakers live in Namibia, mainly in the Caprivi Strip, and about 1700 in the northwestern part of Botswana. Since 1989, 1300 live in Schmidtsdrift and Platfontein west of Kimberley in RSA. There are still about 300-400 Khwe (Ngarange-Khwe) moving between the Rivungu area of Angola and the Sioma plains in Zambia. Today, the largest Khwe settlements are Mutc’iku (1200) next to the Okavango River in Namibia, and Gudigoa (800) in Botswana.",bib1252,yes +7452-location-4,7452,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Angola, South Africa""]}",,"Almost all 4.000 Namibian Kxoe live in the Caprivi Strip, 3.600 of the in West Caprivi and approximately 400 in East Caprivi.",bib1247,no +7452-speakers-1,7452,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996""}",,,bib5474,no 7452-speaker_number-2,7452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 in Namibia. 3,600 in West Caprivi and 400 in East Caprivi. Population total all countries: 7,990. 790 in Angola (2000). 1,800 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). 1,100 in South Africa (2000). 300 in Zambia (2006).",bib67,no 7452-speakers-2,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 in Namibia. 3,600 in West Caprivi and 400 in East Caprivi. Population total all countries: 7,990. 790 in Angola (2000). 1,800 in Botswana (2004 R. Cook). 1,100 in South Africa (2000). 300 in Zambia (2006).",bib67,no -7452-speaker_number-3,7452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1243,yes -7452-speakers-3,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1243,yes -7452-speakers-4,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000""}",,,bib5307,no +7452-speaker_number-3,7452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1252,yes +7452-speakers-3,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1252,yes +7452-speakers-4,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000""}",,,bib5330,no 7452-speakers-5,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,988""}",,,bib233,no 7452-speaker_number-6,7452,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Some 300 !Xũ who live with the Kxoe in West Caprivi [Namibia] have to speak Kxoedam in order to communicate with Kxoe, and only very few Kxoe speak their language."" -""The mostly Umbundu-speaking Angolans learn at least some Kxoedam for communicating with Kxoe... And even many in Mbukushu, who have lived with Kxoe in West Caprivi for a long time, speak Kxoe as a second language.",bib1238,no +""The mostly Umbundu-speaking Angolans learn at least some Kxoedam for communicating with Kxoe... And even many in Mbukushu, who have lived with Kxoe in West Caprivi for a long time, speak Kxoe as a second language.",bib1247,no 7452-speakers-6,7452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~8,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""300+""}",,"Some 300 !Xũ who live with the Kxoe in West Caprivi [Namibia] have to speak Kxoedam in order to communicate with Kxoe, and only very few Kxoe speak their language."" -""The mostly Umbundu-speaking Angolans learn at least some Kxoedam for communicating with Kxoe... And even many in Mbukushu, who have lived with Kxoe in West Caprivi for a long time, speak Kxoe as a second language.",bib1238,no +""The mostly Umbundu-speaking Angolans learn at least some Kxoedam for communicating with Kxoe... And even many in Mbukushu, who have lived with Kxoe in West Caprivi for a long time, speak Kxoe as a second language.",bib1247,no 7452-LEI-1,7452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7452-vitality-1,7452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7452-LEI-2,7452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many Khwe in Bostwana, especially those living in Maun and Khwai, have shifted to Setswana as their first language.",bib1243,yes -7452-vitality-2,7452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Many Khwe in Bostwana, especially those living in Maun and Khwai, have shifted to Setswana as their first language.",bib1243,yes -7452-LEI-3,7452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1238,no -7452-vitality-3,7452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1238,no -7489-context-2,7489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language""}",,"The influence of ASL can be seen mainly in the sign language use of current and former students of Tudun Maliki [School for the Deaf and the Blind, Kano State, Nigeria]. The students have adopted some lexical items of ASL; however, they show no apparent influence from ASL in the morphological or syntactic structure... Even though ASL plays an important role in the education of deaf people in Kano State, its influence on HSL is limited... Hausa Sign Language will survive as an independent, full-fledged sign language.",bib6601,no -7489-location-1,7489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.00696, 8.537304]]}",,,bib6602,yes +7452-LEI-2,7452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many Khwe in Bostwana, especially those living in Maun and Khwai, have shifted to Setswana as their first language.",bib1252,yes +7452-vitality-2,7452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Many Khwe in Bostwana, especially those living in Maun and Khwai, have shifted to Setswana as their first language.",bib1252,yes +7452-LEI-3,7452,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1247,no +7452-vitality-3,7452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1247,no +7489-context-2,7489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""American Sign Language""}",,"The influence of ASL can be seen mainly in the sign language use of current and former students of Tudun Maliki [School for the Deaf and the Blind, Kano State, Nigeria]. The students have adopted some lexical items of ASL; however, they show no apparent influence from ASL in the morphological or syntactic structure... Even though ASL plays an important role in the education of deaf people in Kano State, its influence on HSL is limited... Hausa Sign Language will survive as an independent, full-fledged sign language.",bib6625,no +7489-location-1,7489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[12.00696, 8.537304]]}",,,bib6626,yes 7489-speakers-2,7489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -7569-context-1,7569,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Textbooks, short stories, narratives, magazines, newspapers, New Testament""}",,,bib1479,yes +7569-context-1,7569,context,"{""Institutional Support"": ""Textbooks, short stories, narratives, magazines, newspapers, New Testament""}",,,bib1491,yes 7569-location-1,7569,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib163,no -7569-location-2,7569,location,"{""Places"": [""Michoac\u00e1n, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Lake P\u00e1tzcuaro, Sierra (Meseta Tarasca),Ca\u00f1ada de los Once Pueblos"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.533095, -102.315314], [19.802075, -101.988471], [19.703846, -101.57099]]}",,,bib1479,yes +7569-location-2,7569,location,"{""Places"": [""Michoac\u00e1n, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Lake P\u00e1tzcuaro, Sierra (Meseta Tarasca),Ca\u00f1ada de los Once Pueblos"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.533095, -102.315314], [19.802075, -101.988471], [19.703846, -101.57099]]}",,,bib1491,yes 7569-location-3,7569,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[19.573242, -102.021011]]}",,"Michoacán, some speakers in the US.",bib67,no 7569-speaker_number-1,7569,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 105,556 speakers of Purépecha, 50,079 men and 55,477 women.",bib163,no 7569-speakers-1,7569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""105,556"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 105,556 speakers of Purépecha, 50,079 men and 55,477 women.",bib163,no -7569-speaker_number-2,7569,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Speaker number from 2010 INEGI Housing Census,bib1479,yes -7569-speakers-2,7569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""117,221"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Speaker number from 2010 INEGI Housing Census,bib1479,yes +7569-speaker_number-2,7569,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Speaker number from 2010 INEGI Housing Census,bib1491,yes +7569-speakers-2,7569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""117,221"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Speaker number from 2010 INEGI Housing Census,bib1491,yes 7569-speaker_number-3,7569,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguishes Purepecha [tsz] (40,850 speakers) from Western Highland Purepecha (135,000 speakers)",bib67,no 7569-speakers-3,7569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes Purepecha [tsz] (40,850 speakers) from Western Highland Purepecha (135,000 speakers)",bib67,no 7569-LEI-1,7569,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib163,no 7569-vitality-1,7569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib163,no -7569-LEI-2,7569,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1479,yes -7569-transmission-2,7569,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1479,yes -7569-vitality-2,7569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1479,yes +7569-LEI-2,7569,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1491,yes +7569-transmission-2,7569,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1491,yes +7569-vitality-2,7569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Data from Puácuaro village. ""According to the National Indigenous Languages Institute (INALI 2006), 59.8% of the people of Puácuaro speak P’orhépecha, all of whom are bilingual.""",bib1491,yes 7569-LEI-3,7569,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7569-vitality-3,7569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7589-location-1,7589,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,"Northeast Oaxaca, north of Zacatepec. 10 towns.",bib67,yes @@ -62552,19 +62756,19 @@ native Chaudangsi to highly restricted domains of language use.",bib6813,yes 7589-speakers-1,7589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,870 monolinguals.,bib67,yes 7589-LEI-1,7589,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7589-vitality-1,7589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7590-location-1,7590,location,"{""Places"": [""Tlahuitoltepec, Tepantlali, San Pedro y San Pablo Ayutla""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.027241, -96.076791]]}",,"Ayutla is on the road from Oaxaca City to the Mixe area, and it is the first Mixe community one encounters when heading that way. Ayutla is about 43 miles from Oaxaca City in a straight line on the map, but the trip takes around two and half hours by car.",bib6363,yes +7590-location-1,7590,location,"{""Places"": [""Tlahuitoltepec, Tepantlali, San Pedro y San Pablo Ayutla""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.027241, -96.076791]]}",,"Ayutla is on the road from Oaxaca City to the Mixe area, and it is the first Mixe community one encounters when heading that way. Ayutla is about 43 miles from Oaxaca City in a straight line on the map, but the trip takes around two and half hours by car.",bib6387,yes 7590-location-2,7590,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Northeast Oaxaca; central Oaxaca, around Albarradas Zapoteco. 3 towns.""}",,,bib67,no 7590-speaker_number-1,7590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"As of 2005, 93.7%% of the population of five years and older in Ayutla speaks Mixe, of -which 23%% (around 900) are monolingual speakers of Mixe. Even though those figures alone do not seem dramatic, this contrasts with the situation fifty years earlier, when 84%% of the population was monolingual and only 15%% was bilingual . . . According to the 1900 census, all people spoke Mixe in Ayutla.",bib6363,yes +which 23%% (around 900) are monolingual speakers of Mixe. Even though those figures alone do not seem dramatic, this contrasts with the situation fifty years earlier, when 84%% of the population was monolingual and only 15%% was bilingual . . . According to the 1900 census, all people spoke Mixe in Ayutla.",bib6387,yes 7590-speakers-1,7590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3617"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"As of 2005, 93.7%% of the population of five years and older in Ayutla speaks Mixe, of -which 23%% (around 900) are monolingual speakers of Mixe. Even though those figures alone do not seem dramatic, this contrasts with the situation fifty years earlier, when 84%% of the population was monolingual and only 15%% was bilingual . . . According to the 1900 census, all people spoke Mixe in Ayutla.",bib6363,yes +which 23%% (around 900) are monolingual speakers of Mixe. Even though those figures alone do not seem dramatic, this contrasts with the situation fifty years earlier, when 84%% of the population was monolingual and only 15%% was bilingual . . . According to the 1900 census, all people spoke Mixe in Ayutla.",bib6387,yes 7590-speaker_number-2,7590,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 7590-speakers-2,7590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -7590-LEI-1,7590,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6363,yes -7590-transmission-1,7590,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6363,yes -7590-domains_of_use-1,7590,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib6363,yes -7590-speaker_number_trends-1,7590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6363,yes -7590-vitality-1,7590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6363,yes +7590-LEI-1,7590,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6387,yes +7590-transmission-1,7590,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6387,yes +7590-domains_of_use-1,7590,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib6387,yes +7590-speaker_number_trends-1,7590,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6387,yes +7590-vitality-1,7590,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6387,yes 7590-LEI-2,7590,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7590-vitality-2,7590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7591-location-1,7591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.94702, -96.014028]]}",,,bib72,yes @@ -62576,12 +62780,12 @@ which 23%% (around 900) are monolingual speakers of Mixe. Even though those figu 761-location-1,761,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.0, -145.0]]}",,,bib216,no 761-location-2,761,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Alaska""]}",,"Alaska, Copper river above Eyak River mouth; upper Susitna and Nenana drainages, Chickaloon and Cantwell, 8 total communities; Washington.",bib67,no 761-location-3,761,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Cantwell, Chickaloon, and Copper river above Eyak river mouth, upper Susitna and Nenana drainages, 8 total communities.",bib70,no -761-location-4,761,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Alaska""], ""Description"": ""The Ahtna community today consists of eight modern villages (Mentasta, Chistochina, Gakona, Gulkana, Tazlina, Copper Center, Chitina, and Cantwell) in the Copper River and Upper Susitna drainages of south central Alaska. More than 1600 Ahtna residents of the area are shareholders in Ahtna, Incorporated, one of the thirteen Alaska Native Regional Corporations established by Congress under the 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. (p. 3)""}",,,bib866,yes -761-location-5,761,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.7547, -144.3164]]}",,,bib5307,no +761-location-4,761,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Alaska""], ""Description"": ""The Ahtna community today consists of eight modern villages (Mentasta, Chistochina, Gakona, Gulkana, Tazlina, Copper Center, Chitina, and Cantwell) in the Copper River and Upper Susitna drainages of south central Alaska. More than 1600 Ahtna residents of the area are shareholders in Ahtna, Incorporated, one of the thirteen Alaska Native Regional Corporations established by Congress under the 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. (p. 3)""}",,,bib870,yes +761-location-5,761,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.7547, -144.3164]]}",,,bib5330,no 761-location-6,761,location,"{""Places"": [""Alaska, Canada""]}",,"Eight communities along the Copper River and in the upper Susitna -and Nenana drainages in south-central Alaska.",bib5217,no -761-location-7,761,location,"{""Places"": [""United States of America""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.7547, -144.3164]]}",,,bib1709,no -761-location-8,761,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the Copper River and in the upper Susitna and Nenana drainages in south-central Alaska""]}",,,bib5309,no +and Nenana drainages in south-central Alaska.",bib5240,no +761-location-7,761,location,"{""Places"": [""United States of America""], ""Coordinates"": [[62.7547, -144.3164]]}",,,bib1721,no +761-location-8,761,location,"{""Places"": [""Along the Copper River and in the upper Susitna and Nenana drainages in south-central Alaska""]}",,,bib5332,no 761-speaker_number-1,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The data for the number of native speakers was gathered from the 2000 census. The ethnic population information is from Krauss (1995). @@ -62592,121 +62796,121 @@ The ethnic population information is from Krauss (1995). 80 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 500 (1995 M. Krauss) (2013).",bib67,no 761-speaker_number-2,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,80 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 500 (1995 M. Krauss).,bib70,no 761-speakers-2,761,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,80 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 500 (1995 M. Krauss).,bib70,no -761-speaker_number-3,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately 30 first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least 60 years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-speakers-3,761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately 30 first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least 60 years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-speaker_number-4,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -761-speakers-4,761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -761-speaker_number-5,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The total Ahtna population is about 500 with perhaps 80 speakers.,bib5217,no -761-speakers-5,761,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The total Ahtna population is about 500 with perhaps 80 speakers.,bib5217,no +761-speaker_number-3,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately 30 first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least 60 years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-speakers-3,761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately 30 first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least 60 years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-speaker_number-4,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +761-speakers-4,761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +761-speaker_number-5,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,The total Ahtna population is about 500 with perhaps 80 speakers.,bib5240,no +761-speakers-5,761,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,The total Ahtna population is about 500 with perhaps 80 speakers.,bib5240,no 761-speaker_number-6,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 761-speakers-6,761,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -761-speaker_number-7,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5309,no -761-speakers-7,761,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5309,no +761-speaker_number-7,761,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5332,no +761-speakers-7,761,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999-2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5332,no 761-LEI-1,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 761-vitality-1,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 761-LEI-2,761,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All over 50 years,bib70,no 761-transmission-2,761,transmission,4,transmission-4,All over 50 years,bib70,no 761-speaker_number_trends-2,761,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,All over 50 years,bib70,no 761-vitality-2,761,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,All over 50 years,bib70,no -761-LEI-3,761,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-transmission-3,761,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-domains_of_use-3,761,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-speaker_number_trends-3,761,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-vitality-3,761,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib866,yes -761-LEI-4,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -761-vitality-4,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -761-LEI-5,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -761-vitality-5,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no +761-LEI-3,761,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-transmission-3,761,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-domains_of_use-3,761,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-speaker_number_trends-3,761,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-vitality-3,761,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Among the Ahtna population, there are approximately thirty first-language speakers of the language alive today, all of whom are at least sixty years of age. Although most children know some phrases and vocabulary items in the language, English is the language taught in homes today (p. 3).",bib870,yes +761-LEI-4,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +761-vitality-4,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +761-LEI-5,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +761-vitality-5,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no 761-LEI-6,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 761-vitality-6,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -761-LEI-7,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not enough information to determine vitality statistics,bib5309,no -761-vitality-7,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Not enough information to determine vitality statistics,bib5309,no -7649-context-1,7649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi""}",,Many younger Koros speak Hindi exclusively.,bib469,yes +761-LEI-7,761,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Not enough information to determine vitality statistics,bib5332,no +761-vitality-7,761,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Not enough information to determine vitality statistics,bib5332,no +7649-context-1,7649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hindi""}",,Many younger Koros speak Hindi exclusively.,bib472,yes 7649-context-2,7649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Miji (Miju-Mushmi [mxj]); Assamese [asm]; Hindi; English""}",,,bib67,no -7649-location-1,7649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1667, 92.6312]]}",,,bib5307,no -7649-location-2,7649,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal; Pradesh""}",,,bib5291,no +7649-location-1,7649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.1667, 92.6312]]}",,,bib5330,no +7649-location-2,7649,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal; Pradesh""}",,,bib5314,no 7649-location-3,7649,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Arunachal Pradesh, West Kameng District, Thrizino circle, Jamiri, Husigaon, Gohainthan, Buragaon, Karangonia, Raindogonia, Yayom, Gijiri, Dijungonia, Tulu, Polatari, Raghupam, Tania, Khuppi, Bhalukpong, Balipho, Palizi villages; East Kameng District, Seppa circle, Pisang village.""}",,,bib67,no -7649-speaker_number-1,7649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -7649-speakers-1,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -7649-speaker_number-2,7649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib469,yes -7649-speakers-2,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib469,yes -7649-speaker_number-3,7649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6603,no -7649-speakers-3,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6603,no -7649-speaker_number-4,7649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5291,no -7649-speakers-4,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5291,no +7649-speaker_number-1,7649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +7649-speakers-1,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +7649-speaker_number-2,7649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib472,yes +7649-speakers-2,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""800-1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib472,yes +7649-speaker_number-3,7649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6627,no +7649-speakers-3,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6627,no +7649-speaker_number-4,7649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5314,no +7649-speakers-4,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5314,no 7649-speaker_number-5,7649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,No apparent wider affiliation within Tibeto-Burman. Varieties sometimes grouped under Tibeto-Burman as ‘Hruish’. Levai is similar to Miju-Mishmi [mxj] and may be a separate language. Lexical similarity: 9%% between the speech of a group called Koro and the Hruso dialect [hru]. Both are highly dissimilar to neighboring languages.,bib67,no 7649-speakers-5,7649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,No apparent wider affiliation within Tibeto-Burman. Varieties sometimes grouped under Tibeto-Burman as ‘Hruish’. Levai is similar to Miju-Mishmi [mxj] and may be a separate language. Lexical similarity: 9%% between the speech of a group called Koro and the Hruso dialect [hru]. Both are highly dissimilar to neighboring languages.,bib67,no -7649-LEI-1,7649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -7649-vitality-1,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -7649-LEI-2,7649,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib469,yes -7649-transmission-2,7649,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib469,yes -7649-vitality-2,7649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib469,yes -7649-LEI-3,7649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6603,no -7649-vitality-3,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6603,no -7649-LEI-4,7649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5291,no -7649-vitality-4,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5291,no +7649-LEI-1,7649,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +7649-vitality-1,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +7649-LEI-2,7649,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib472,yes +7649-transmission-2,7649,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib472,yes +7649-vitality-2,7649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib472,yes +7649-LEI-3,7649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6627,no +7649-vitality-3,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6627,no +7649-LEI-4,7649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5314,no +7649-vitality-4,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5314,no 7649-LEI-5,7649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7649-vitality-5,7649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7709-location-1,7709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.951791, -16.818728]]}",,,bib1685,yes -7709-speaker_number-1,7709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,yes -7709-speakers-1,7709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7709-location-1,7709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.951791, -16.818728]]}",,,bib1697,yes +7709-speaker_number-1,7709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,yes +7709-speakers-1,7709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7709-speaker_number-2,7709,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 7709-speakers-2,7709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -7709-LEI-1,7709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7709-vitality-1,7709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7709-LEI-1,7709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7709-vitality-1,7709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7709-LEI-2,7709,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7709-vitality-2,7709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7710-context-1,7710,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Wolof in market, mosque/church, and public transportation"", ""French in schools"", ""Arabic for religious activities""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolof, French, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive: 90%% of respondents agreed with \""I love my language and prefer it above all others.\"""", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Wolof stands out as the principal language of inter-group communication, indicated by its high scoring in such public domains as 'Market,' 'Mosque/Church,' and 'Public transportation.' It is also used, to some extent, in the schools... French, however, is perceived by a greater number to be the language of use in an educational setting. Arabic is used only for religious activities... Although Wolof is a very important language for these people, the mother tongue is the language with which they truly identify.",bib7832,no -7710-location-1,7710,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Found near the coast of Senegal, in the area surrounding Thi\u00e8s and extending north as far as Tivaouane and southwest as far as Popenguine."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.91269, -16.993375]]}",,,bib7832,no -7710-speaker_number-1,7710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -7710-speakers-1,7710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes -7710-speaker_number-2,7710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the Atlas National du Sénégal (Institut Géographique National 1977)... Ndut and Non are listed with 15,000 [speakers] each.",bib7832,no -7710-speakers-2,7710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the Atlas National du Sénégal (Institut Géographique National 1977)... Ndut and Non are listed with 15,000 [speakers] each.",bib7832,no +7710-context-1,7710,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Wolof in market, mosque/church, and public transportation"", ""French in schools"", ""Arabic for religious activities""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Wolof, French, Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Very positive: 90%% of respondents agreed with \""I love my language and prefer it above all others.\"""", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Wolof stands out as the principal language of inter-group communication, indicated by its high scoring in such public domains as 'Market,' 'Mosque/Church,' and 'Public transportation.' It is also used, to some extent, in the schools... French, however, is perceived by a greater number to be the language of use in an educational setting. Arabic is used only for religious activities... Although Wolof is a very important language for these people, the mother tongue is the language with which they truly identify.",bib7857,no +7710-location-1,7710,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Found near the coast of Senegal, in the area surrounding Thi\u00e8s and extending north as far as Tivaouane and southwest as far as Popenguine."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.91269, -16.993375]]}",,,bib7857,no +7710-speaker_number-1,7710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +7710-speakers-1,7710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes +7710-speaker_number-2,7710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the Atlas National du Sénégal (Institut Géographique National 1977)... Ndut and Non are listed with 15,000 [speakers] each.",bib7857,no +7710-speakers-2,7710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1977"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"According to the Atlas National du Sénégal (Institut Géographique National 1977)... Ndut and Non are listed with 15,000 [speakers] each.",bib7857,no 7710-speaker_number-3,7710,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 7710-speakers-3,7710,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""38,600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -7710-LEI-1,7710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7710-vitality-1,7710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7710-LEI-2,7710,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7832,no -7710-domains_of_use-2,7710,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7832,no -7710-vitality-2,7710,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7832,no +7710-LEI-1,7710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7710-vitality-1,7710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7710-LEI-2,7710,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7857,no +7710-domains_of_use-2,7710,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7857,no +7710-vitality-2,7710,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"There are few monolinguals among the Cangin... it appears, then, in the Cangin groups as a whole, that the mother tongue is the language of family ('Home') and friends... it is important as well for prayer according to one-third (21 out of 60) of those surveyed.",bib7857,no 7710-LEI-3,7710,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7710-vitality-3,7710,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7711-context-1,7711,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Saafi-Saafi, Wolof, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral""}",,,bib67,no 7711-location-1,7711,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""West central, west southwest of Thi\u00e8s"", ""Coordinates"": [[14.777017, -16.985136]]}",,,bib67,no -7711-speakers-1,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,680""}",,,bib5307,no -7711-speaker_number-2,7711,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1685,yes -7711-speakers-2,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7711-speakers-1,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,680""}",,,bib5330,no +7711-speaker_number-2,7711,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1697,yes +7711-speakers-2,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7711-speakers-3,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,680""}",,,bib233,no 7711-speaker_number-4,7711,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Often identified by themselves and the majority population as Serer or Siili. Siili is the Palor word for Serer, a widely used name for a cultural or linguistic group which includes the Serer-Sine language and the 5 Cangin languages. SVO; nontonal. Peasant agriculturalists. Muslim, traditional religion.",bib67,no 7711-speakers-4,7711,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Often identified by themselves and the majority population as Serer or Siili. Siili is the Palor word for Serer, a widely used name for a cultural or linguistic group which includes the Serer-Sine language and the 5 Cangin languages. SVO; nontonal. Peasant agriculturalists. Muslim, traditional religion.",bib67,no -7711-LEI-1,7711,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7711-vitality-1,7711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7711-LEI-1,7711,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7711-vitality-1,7711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7711-LEI-2,7711,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7711-vitality-2,7711,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7712-location-1,7712,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Coordinates"": [[12.3, -16.4]]}",,,bib67,no -7712-speakers-1,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,025""}",,,bib5307,no -7712-speaker_number-2,7712,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -7712-speakers-2,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7712-speakers-1,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,025""}",,,bib5330,no +7712-speaker_number-2,7712,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +7712-speakers-2,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000-50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7712-speakers-3,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,025""}",,,bib233,no 7712-speaker_number-4,7712,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"23,800 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 26,030",bib67,no 7712-speakers-4,7712,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""26,030"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"23,800 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 26,030",bib67,no -7712-LEI-1,7712,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7712-vitality-1,7712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7712-LEI-1,7712,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7712-vitality-1,7712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7712-LEI-2,7712,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7712-vitality-2,7712,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7713-location-1,7713,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea"", ""Senegal"", ""Guinea-Bissau""]}",,,bib67,no -7713-speaker_number-1,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -7713-speakers-1,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -7713-speaker_number-2,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -7713-speakers-2,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7713-speaker_number-1,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +7713-speakers-1,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +7713-speaker_number-2,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +7713-speakers-2,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7713-speaker_number-3,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 7713-speakers-3,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,910"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 7713-speaker_number-4,7713,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,300 in Senegal (2006). Population total all countries: 22,510",bib67,no 7713-speakers-4,7713,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""22,510"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,300 in Senegal (2006). Population total all countries: 22,510",bib67,no -7713-LEI-1,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -7713-vitality-1,7713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -7713-LEI-2,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7713-vitality-2,7713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7713-LEI-1,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +7713-vitality-1,7713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +7713-LEI-2,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7713-vitality-2,7713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7713-LEI-3,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 7713-vitality-3,7713,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 7713-LEI-4,7713,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -62717,12 +62921,12 @@ The ethnic population information is from Krauss (1995). 7714-LEI-1,7714,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 7714-vitality-1,7714,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 7715-location-1,7715,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Description"": ""Oio region: Mansoa sector, Mantefa area. Central."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.065257, -15.319135]]}",,,bib67,no -7715-speaker_number-1,7715,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -7715-speakers-1,7715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7715-speaker_number-1,7715,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +7715-speakers-1,7715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7715-speaker_number-2,7715,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"15,500 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 17,100",bib67,no 7715-speakers-2,7715,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"15,500 in Guinea-Bissau (2006). Population total all countries: 17,100",bib67,no -7715-LEI-1,7715,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7715-vitality-1,7715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7715-LEI-1,7715,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7715-vitality-1,7715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7715-LEI-2,7715,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7715-vitality-2,7715,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 7716-speaker_number-1,7716,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib72,yes @@ -62731,79 +62935,79 @@ The ethnic population information is from Krauss (1995). 7716-vitality-1,7716,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib72,yes 7717-context-1,7717,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jola-Fonyi, Wolof, Mandinka, Pulaar""}",,,bib67,no 7717-location-1,7717,location,"{""Places"": [""Senegal""], ""Description"": ""Tionk Essil village, between Tendouck and Mlomp-North.""}",,,bib67,no -7717-speakers-1,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,950""}",,,bib5307,no -7717-speaker_number-2,7717,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1685,yes -7717-speakers-2,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1685,yes +7717-speakers-1,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,950""}",,,bib5330,no +7717-speaker_number-2,7717,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1697,yes +7717-speakers-2,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1697,yes 7717-speakers-3,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,950""}",,,bib233,no 7717-speaker_number-4,7717,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 7717-speakers-4,7717,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -7717-LEI-1,7717,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes -7717-vitality-1,7717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1685,yes +7717-LEI-1,7717,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes +7717-vitality-1,7717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Seriously threatened and doomed to extinction in the near future.,bib1697,yes 7717-LEI-2,7717,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7717-vitality-2,7717,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7750-context-1,7750,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""C'Lela; Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Neighbouring tribes do not always hold the Damakawa in high regard. Cicipu accounts of their origin are uncomplimentary to say the least, and there is (or was) a taboo forbidding intermarriage with them (which may extend to other tribes as well). Such an attitude may have contributed to the small size of the ethnic group and the current state of the Damakawa language... Young children in these villages now speak a neighbouring and probably related language, C'Lela, as their mother tongue. Hausa is also spoken, probably universally.",bib5045,yes -7750-context-2,7750,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""C'Lela""}",,Damakawa is moribund and only remains as isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals,bib980,no -7750-location-1,7750,location,"{""Places"": [""Sakaba LGA, Kebbi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Damakawa are a group of perhaps 500-1000 people living in three or four villages. These are situated just south of Maganda on the Dirindaji to Makuku road in Sakaba LGA, Kebbi State."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.094861, 5.506107]]}",,,bib5045,yes -7750-speaker_number-1,7750,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5045,yes -7750-speakers-1,7750,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500-1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5045,yes +7750-context-1,7750,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""C'Lela; Hausa"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Neighbouring tribes do not always hold the Damakawa in high regard. Cicipu accounts of their origin are uncomplimentary to say the least, and there is (or was) a taboo forbidding intermarriage with them (which may extend to other tribes as well). Such an attitude may have contributed to the small size of the ethnic group and the current state of the Damakawa language... Young children in these villages now speak a neighbouring and probably related language, C'Lela, as their mother tongue. Hausa is also spoken, probably universally.",bib5067,yes +7750-context-2,7750,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""C'Lela""}",,Damakawa is moribund and only remains as isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals,bib984,no +7750-location-1,7750,location,"{""Places"": [""Sakaba LGA, Kebbi State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The Damakawa are a group of perhaps 500-1000 people living in three or four villages. These are situated just south of Maganda on the Dirindaji to Makuku road in Sakaba LGA, Kebbi State."", ""Coordinates"": [[11.094861, 5.506107]]}",,,bib5067,yes +7750-speaker_number-1,7750,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5067,yes +7750-speakers-1,7750,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500-1000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5067,yes 7750-speakers-2,7750,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known fluent speakers""}",,"Number of speakers: ""500-1000 ethnic population, but language now has -only a few rememberers""",bib980,no -7750-LEI-1,7750,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5045,yes -7750-transmission-1,7750,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5045,yes -7750-domains_of_use-1,7750,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5045,yes -7750-speaker_number_trends-1,7750,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5045,yes -7750-vitality-1,7750,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5045,yes +only a few rememberers""",bib984,no +7750-LEI-1,7750,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5067,yes +7750-transmission-1,7750,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5067,yes +7750-domains_of_use-1,7750,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5067,yes +7750-speaker_number_trends-1,7750,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5067,yes +7750-vitality-1,7750,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Sadly the language of the Damakawa is already moribund, and even the oldest struggle to remember basic terms [...] There did not seem to be anyone capable of speaking more than isolated fragments of the language. We were nevertheless informed that the language is still used in traditional rituals carried out on their mountain near Talata (a nearby Acipu settlement).",bib5067,yes 7750-LEI-2,7750,LEI,Dormant (),,"Endangerment status: ""Damakawa is moribund and only remains as -isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib980,no +isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib984,no 7750-vitality-2,7750,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"Endangerment status: ""Damakawa is moribund and only remains as -isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib980,no -7769-location-1,7769,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Salka, Raba, Mahuta, Agwara District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.307573, 4.973532]]}",,,bib7838,no -7769-location-2,7769,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main settlements of the aVa\u0257i are along the road that passes from Kontagora to Rijau."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.797223, 5.365936]]}",,,bib986,no +isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib984,no +7769-location-1,7769,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Salka, Raba, Mahuta, Agwara District"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.307573, 4.973532]]}",,,bib7863,no +7769-location-2,7769,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The main settlements of the aVa\u0257i are along the road that passes from Kontagora to Rijau."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.797223, 5.365936]]}",,,bib990,no 7769-speaker_number-1,7769,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,yes 7769-speakers-1,7769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,yes -7769-LEI-1,7769,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib986,no -7769-domains_of_use-1,7769,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib986,no -7769-speaker_number_trends-1,7769,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib986,no -7769-vitality-1,7769,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib986,no +7769-LEI-1,7769,LEI,"At risk (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib990,no +7769-domains_of_use-1,7769,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib990,no +7769-speaker_number_trends-1,7769,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib990,no +7769-vitality-1,7769,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Even now, Hausa and English are not widely known and the language remains spoken on almost all occasions.",bib990,no 7769-LEI-2,7769,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7769-vitality-2,7769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -781-context-1,781,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (Setswana)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, other Khoe languages""}",,,bib1666,no -781-location-1,781,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Botswana""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.603869, 26.828613]]}",,,bib1243,yes -781-location-2,781,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.135745, 25.958977]]}",,"Mosetse, Matsitama, Mokubilo",bib1666,no +781-context-1,781,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Education (Setswana)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, other Khoe languages""}",,,bib1678,no +781-location-1,781,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Botswana""], ""Coordinates"": [[-22.603869, 26.828613]]}",,,bib1252,yes +781-location-2,781,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Boteti, Makgadikgadi Salt Pans"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.135745, 25.958977]]}",,"Mosetse, Matsitama, Mokubilo",bib1678,no 781-location-3,781,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Zimbabwe""], ""Description"": ""Botswana: Central District, especially Mahalapye, Serowe subdistricts; Northeast District.""}",,,bib67,no -781-speaker_number-1,781,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1243,yes -781-speakers-1,781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1243,yes -781-speakers-2,781,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998-1999""}",,,bib1666,no +781-speaker_number-1,781,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1252,yes +781-speakers-1,781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only.",bib1252,yes +781-speakers-2,781,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1998-1999""}",,,bib1678,no 781-speaker_number-3,781,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Botswana (2006).",bib67,no 781-speakers-3,781,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,540"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Botswana (2006).",bib67,no -781-LEI-1,781,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1243,yes -781-vitality-1,781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1243,yes -781-LEI-2,781,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1666,no -781-transmission-2,781,transmission,5,transmission-5,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1666,no -781-vitality-2,781,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1666,no +781-LEI-1,781,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1252,yes +781-vitality-1,781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1252,yes +781-LEI-2,781,LEI,"Critically Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1678,no +781-transmission-2,781,transmission,5,transmission-5,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1678,no +781-vitality-2,781,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,“Only socially isolated old people speak the language.”,bib1678,no 781-LEI-3,781,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 781-vitality-3,781,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7810-context-1,7810,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"""Many are bilingual in Mandinka.",bib7844,no -7810-location-1,7810,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.537292, -15.227014]]}",,,bib7844,no -7810-speaker_number-1,7810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7844,no -7810-speakers-1,7810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7844,no +7810-context-1,7810,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandinka"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"""Many are bilingual in Mandinka.",bib7869,no +7810-location-1,7810,location,"{""Places"": [""Guinea-Bissau""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.537292, -15.227014]]}",,,bib7869,no +7810-speaker_number-1,7810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7869,no +7810-speakers-1,7810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7869,no 7810-speaker_number-2,7810,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,yes 7810-speakers-2,7810,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""44,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,yes -7810-LEI-1,7810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7844,no -7810-vitality-1,7810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7844,no +7810-LEI-1,7810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7869,no +7810-vitality-1,7810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7869,no 7810-LEI-2,7810,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7810-vitality-2,7810,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes 7811-speaker_number-1,7811,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"45,000 (1999 SIL). 30,000 in Dangaléat Canton",bib67,yes 7811-speakers-1,7811,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"45,000 (1999 SIL). 30,000 in Dangaléat Canton",bib67,yes 7811-LEI-1,7811,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7811-vitality-1,7811,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7849-location-1,7849,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-40.0791, -71.0156]]}",,,bib5307,no -7849-location-2,7849,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""Argentina""]}",,,bib1902,yes +7849-location-1,7849,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""Argentina""], ""Coordinates"": [[-40.0791, -71.0156]]}",,,bib5330,no +7849-location-2,7849,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""Argentina""]}",,,bib1914,yes 7849-location-3,7849,location,"{""Places"": [""Chile"", ""Argentina""]}",,"Central-south, mainly in IX Region, Cautín and Malleco provinces; also in VIII and X regions, Arauco, Bío-Bío, Valdivia, Osorno provinces.",bib67,no -7849-speaker_number-1,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -7849-speakers-1,7849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -7849-speaker_number-2,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Argentina: 8,413 speakers, ethnic population 113,680; Chile: 250,000 speakers, 604,349 ethnic population",bib1902,yes -7849-speakers-2,7849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""718,029"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""258,413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Argentina: 8,413 speakers, ethnic population 113,680; Chile: 250,000 speakers, 604,349 ethnic population",bib1902,yes +7849-speaker_number-1,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +7849-speakers-1,7849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +7849-speaker_number-2,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Argentina: 8,413 speakers, ethnic population 113,680; Chile: 250,000 speakers, 604,349 ethnic population",bib1914,yes +7849-speakers-2,7849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""718,029"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""258,413"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Argentina: 8,413 speakers, ethnic population 113,680; Chile: 250,000 speakers, 604,349 ethnic population",bib1914,yes 7849-speaker_number-3,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 7849-speakers-3,7849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 7849-speaker_number-4,7849,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"200,000 in Chile (1982 SIL). Population total all countries: 300,039. Ethnic population: 604,349 (2002) @@ -62812,16 +63016,16 @@ isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib980,no 7849-speakers-4,7849,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""604,349"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""300,039"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"200,000 in Chile (1982 SIL). Population total all countries: 300,039. Ethnic population: 604,349 (2002) 250,000 in Chile (Crevels 2007). Population total all countries: 258,620. Ethnic population: 604,000 (2002) (2013).",bib67,no -7849-LEI-1,7849,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -7849-vitality-1,7849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -7849-LEI-2,7849,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1902,yes -7849-speaker_number_trends-2,7849,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1902,yes -7849-vitality-2,7849,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1902,yes +7849-LEI-1,7849,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +7849-vitality-1,7849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +7849-LEI-2,7849,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1914,yes +7849-speaker_number_trends-2,7849,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1914,yes +7849-vitality-2,7849,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,a strong decline in intergenerational transfer has taken place.,bib1914,yes 7849-LEI-3,7849,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 7849-vitality-3,7849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 7849-LEI-4,7849,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 7849-vitality-4,7849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -7870-location-1,7870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.386336, 36.885738]]}",,,bib4443,no +7870-location-1,7870,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.386336, 36.885738]]}",,,bib4464,no 7870-speaker_number-1,7870,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"53,800 (1998 census). 40,660 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 46,458 (1998 census)",bib67,yes 7870-speakers-1,7870,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""46,458"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"53,800 (1998 census). 40,660 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 46,458 (1998 census)",bib67,yes 7870-LEI-1,7870,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -62882,7 +63086,7 @@ isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib980,no 7969-speakers-1,7969,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""42,466"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""42,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"42,800 (1994 census). 38,354 monolinguals (1994 census). Ethnic population: 42,466 (1994 census)",bib67,yes 7969-LEI-1,7969,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 7969-vitality-1,7969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -7989-location-1,7989,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.086775, 36.583614]]}",,,bib4443,no +7989-location-1,7989,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia""], ""Coordinates"": [[11.086775, 36.583614]]}",,,bib4464,no 7989-speaker_number-1,7989,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"500,000 (2007), increasing. 279,326 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,000,000",bib67,yes 7989-speakers-1,7989,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"500,000 (2007), increasing. 279,326 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 1,000,000",bib67,yes 7989-LEI-1,7989,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes @@ -62892,192 +63096,192 @@ isolated words and phrases remembered by a few individuals""",bib980,no 8009-speakers-1,8009,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""413,490"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"340,000 in Senegal. Less than 10%% are monolingual. 242,950 Fonyi, 96,660 Buluf. Population total all countries: 413,490",bib67,yes 8009-LEI-1,8009,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 8009-vitality-1,8009,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -801-context-1,801,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market, school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Adults speak Fulfulde almost exclusively. Except for the few who speak the mother tongue, older adults primarily speak Fulfulde. The younger people, according to those interviewed, are favoring French over Fulfulde, since French is the language of education... Younger Dama are ashamed of their language, and they no longer learn to speak the language.",bib626,yes -801-location-1,801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Rey-Bouba and Tchollir\u00e9 Subdivisions, Mayo Rey Division, North Province, Cameroon... The Dama hail from the area south of the Mayo Rey River."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.62583, 14.198258]]}",,,bib626,yes +801-context-1,801,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market, school""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Fufulde, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Adults speak Fulfulde almost exclusively. Except for the few who speak the mother tongue, older adults primarily speak Fulfulde. The younger people, according to those interviewed, are favoring French over Fulfulde, since French is the language of education... Younger Dama are ashamed of their language, and they no longer learn to speak the language.",bib629,yes +801-location-1,801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Rey-Bouba and Tchollir\u00e9 Subdivisions, Mayo Rey Division, North Province, Cameroon... The Dama hail from the area south of the Mayo Rey River."", ""Coordinates"": [[8.62583, 14.198258]]}",,,bib629,yes 801-location-2,801,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no 801-speaker_number-1,801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 801-speakers-1,801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -801-speaker_number-2,801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About fifty Dama persons still speak their mother tongue, all of them over the age of 60. All are friends who speak Dama with one another in casual encounters and at local council meetings.",bib626,yes -801-speakers-2,801,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""50""}",,"About fifty Dama persons still speak their mother tongue, all of them over the age of 60. All are friends who speak Dama with one another in casual encounters and at local council meetings.",bib626,yes +801-speaker_number-2,801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"About fifty Dama persons still speak their mother tongue, all of them over the age of 60. All are friends who speak Dama with one another in casual encounters and at local council meetings.",bib629,yes +801-speakers-2,801,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""50""}",,"About fifty Dama persons still speak their mother tongue, all of them over the age of 60. All are friends who speak Dama with one another in casual encounters and at local council meetings.",bib629,yes 801-speaker_number-3,801,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib67,no 801-speakers-3,801,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib67,no 801-LEI-1,801,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 801-vitality-1,801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -801-LEI-2,801,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib626,yes -801-transmission-2,801,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib626,yes -801-domains_of_use-2,801,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib626,yes -801-speaker_number_trends-2,801,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib626,yes -801-vitality-2,801,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib626,yes +801-LEI-2,801,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib629,yes +801-transmission-2,801,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib629,yes +801-domains_of_use-2,801,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib629,yes +801-speaker_number_trends-2,801,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib629,yes +801-vitality-2,801,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib629,yes 801-LEI-3,801,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 801-vitality-3,801,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -802-context-1,802,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Pam friends age 50 and above speak the mother tongue among themselves casually and together in local council meetings, otherwise, they speak Fulfulde. Young people speak French with each other more than they speak Fulfulde. [...] The young people have mixed emotions about the Pam language—they are both proud and ashamed of it. They also disdain Fulfulde, referring to it as a language of peasants.",bib626,yes -802-location-1,802,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Landou village"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.553183, 14.336472]]}",,,bib626,yes +802-context-1,802,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed""}",,"Pam friends age 50 and above speak the mother tongue among themselves casually and together in local council meetings, otherwise, they speak Fulfulde. Young people speak French with each other more than they speak Fulfulde. [...] The young people have mixed emotions about the Pam language—they are both proud and ashamed of it. They also disdain Fulfulde, referring to it as a language of peasants.",bib629,yes +802-location-1,802,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Landou village"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.553183, 14.336472]]}",,,bib629,yes 802-location-2,802,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no 802-speaker_number-1,802,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 802-speakers-1,802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no -802-speaker_number-2,802,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib626,yes -802-speakers-2,802,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib626,yes +802-speaker_number-2,802,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib629,yes +802-speakers-2,802,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""65"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib629,yes 802-speaker_number-3,802,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,30 (2003 SIL),bib67,no 802-speakers-3,802,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,30 (2003 SIL),bib67,no 802-LEI-1,802,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 802-vitality-1,802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -802-LEI-2,802,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib626,yes -802-transmission-2,802,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib626,yes -802-domains_of_use-2,802,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib626,yes -802-vitality-2,802,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib626,yes +802-LEI-2,802,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib629,yes +802-transmission-2,802,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib629,yes +802-domains_of_use-2,802,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib629,yes +802-vitality-2,802,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib629,yes 802-LEI-3,802,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 802-vitality-3,802,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8030-context-1,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tirma, Chai, Dizi, Amharic""}",,"The name Suri is an ethnonym referring to the following communities: 1. Tirma 2. Chai (or T’id) 3. Baale... Many Baale people apparently speak Tirma and/or Chai. Only few Baale people speak Dizi or Amharic. In, for example, Jeba town there are several Dizi people speaking Baale as a second language. These people intermediate between the local and regional traders and the Baale people, when the latter come to town in order to buy salt and razor blades.",bib2161,no -8030-context-3,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""C\u0306ai, Trima""}",,"B. [Baale] speakers may also refer to themselves as ↗Suri (súrí); the latter, however, is an ethnonym covering speakers of different languages: B., C̆ai and Trima (C̆ai-Trima-Mursi)... The sociolinguistic situation for B. [Baale] is characterized by 'bilingualism with diglossia'. The B. people also learn to speak the language of the C̆ai and Trima. But the latter, who are numerically more dominant usually do not speak the B. language... The B. share cultural traits with Ethiopian Suri (C̆ai and Tirmaga) and have similar socioeconomic and cultural organization ...",bib2154,yes -8030-context-5,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dizi, Amharic""}",,"Only a few Baale people speak Dizi or Amharic, the two contact languages in the area... The Trima, Chai and Baale people feel a kindred spirit to exist between themselves as 'Suri' people. There is a strong sense of cultural and ethnic affinity...",bib7985,no -8030-context-6,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chai-Trima""}",,"Socially... the Baale class themselves with their Southeast Surmic neighbors - Chai-Trima - under the ethnonym Suri... This strong cultural bond has also been strengthened by frequent intermarriage between these groups, also resulting in compound bilingualism... The sociolinguistic situation among the Baale has, therefore, been characterized as 'bilingualism with diglossia', where most Baale speak Chai-Trima as a second language, but the latter do not tend to speak Baale... [Baale] speakers have exhibited resistance to total assimilation. Resistance has been so strong that their language has been preserved, and in effect, the Baale maintain a double identity. The Baale case... represents an instance of contact-induced language change resulting in rapid horizontal assimilation towards the neighboring but genetically related language.",bib7984,no -8030-location-1,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Across the border in Sudan, in an area known as Kachepo.""}",,"Baale is also spoken across the border in Sudan, in an area known as Kachepo, which is the name used by the neighboring Toposa, Juje, and Murle for the Baale people and their country.",bib2161,no -8030-location-2,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Ethio-Sudanese border, the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region.""}",,,bib7983,no -8030-location-3,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,,bib2154,yes -8030-location-4,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area between Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,"On the Ethiopian side Baale used to be spoken until fairly recently in a number of settlements situated in the area known as 'Zilmamo' among the neighbouring Dizi and Amhara people: (a) Kembu, (b) Merilingo (also known as Koma), (c) Wolezonga, (d) Merosemu, (e) Zemmi (Delele), (f) Barakoys, (g) Mooga, (h) Biila... Many Baale people have been expelled from the Zilmamo area by their southern neighbours, the Nilotic Nyangatom (Bume), who forced them to move further to the north and northeast. Many Baale now appear to have resettled in the vicinity of Jeba, in the villages such as Zemi, Bayi, Gayi (apparently the largest settlement), Gurgur, Doyika, as well as in the area between Jeba and Tulgit, in villages such as Oyima and Gotita. Also, Baale people are found in a village north of Jeba called Mooga, which is close to the Akobo River just south of the area inhabited by the Nilotic Anywa. Baale is furthermore spoken across the border in Sudan in the following settlements: (i) Miun (Meono), (j) Rummi, (k) Doole. These latter settlements are situated in the area known as 'Kachipo' among neighbouring groups such as the Jiye and Toposa, Eastern Nilotic groups living mainly west of Baale... living as cultivators and pastoralists in a geographically contiguous area starting from the Kibish valley in Ethiopia and extending westwards towards the Boma plateau in Sudan.",bib7985,no -8030-location-5,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area between Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,,bib2153,no -8030-location-6,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.583184, 35.188351]]}",,,bib4443,no -8030-speaker_number-1,8030,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Baale is spoken along the Ethio-Sudanese border by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 probably are living in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region. The name Baale is the self-name of the people as well as the name of the language.",bib7983,no -8030-speakers-1,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Baale is spoken along the Ethio-Sudanese border by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 probably are living in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region. The name Baale is the self-name of the people as well as the name of the language.",bib7983,no -8030-speaker_number-2,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The name B. (bààlɛ́, also Bale) refers to a little known language, spoken in the border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, who call themselves, as well as their home area, by the same name. Amongst neighbouring groups , the language and the people are also known as Ðok (Dhok, Dhuak), Kec̆ipo (Kic̆epo), or Zilmamu.",bib2154,yes -8030-speakers-2,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The name B. (bààlɛ́, also Bale) refers to a little known language, spoken in the border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, who call themselves, as well as their home area, by the same name. Amongst neighbouring groups , the language and the people are also known as Ðok (Dhok, Dhuak), Kec̆ipo (Kic̆epo), or Zilmamu.",bib2154,yes +8030-context-1,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tirma, Chai, Dizi, Amharic""}",,"The name Suri is an ethnonym referring to the following communities: 1. Tirma 2. Chai (or T’id) 3. Baale... Many Baale people apparently speak Tirma and/or Chai. Only few Baale people speak Dizi or Amharic. In, for example, Jeba town there are several Dizi people speaking Baale as a second language. These people intermediate between the local and regional traders and the Baale people, when the latter come to town in order to buy salt and razor blades.",bib2174,no +8030-context-3,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""C\u0306ai, Trima""}",,"B. [Baale] speakers may also refer to themselves as ↗Suri (súrí); the latter, however, is an ethnonym covering speakers of different languages: B., C̆ai and Trima (C̆ai-Trima-Mursi)... The sociolinguistic situation for B. [Baale] is characterized by 'bilingualism with diglossia'. The B. people also learn to speak the language of the C̆ai and Trima. But the latter, who are numerically more dominant usually do not speak the B. language... The B. share cultural traits with Ethiopian Suri (C̆ai and Tirmaga) and have similar socioeconomic and cultural organization ...",bib2167,yes +8030-context-5,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dizi, Amharic""}",,"Only a few Baale people speak Dizi or Amharic, the two contact languages in the area... The Trima, Chai and Baale people feel a kindred spirit to exist between themselves as 'Suri' people. There is a strong sense of cultural and ethnic affinity...",bib8010,no +8030-context-6,8030,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chai-Trima""}",,"Socially... the Baale class themselves with their Southeast Surmic neighbors - Chai-Trima - under the ethnonym Suri... This strong cultural bond has also been strengthened by frequent intermarriage between these groups, also resulting in compound bilingualism... The sociolinguistic situation among the Baale has, therefore, been characterized as 'bilingualism with diglossia', where most Baale speak Chai-Trima as a second language, but the latter do not tend to speak Baale... [Baale] speakers have exhibited resistance to total assimilation. Resistance has been so strong that their language has been preserved, and in effect, the Baale maintain a double identity. The Baale case... represents an instance of contact-induced language change resulting in rapid horizontal assimilation towards the neighboring but genetically related language.",bib8009,no +8030-location-1,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Across the border in Sudan, in an area known as Kachepo.""}",,"Baale is also spoken across the border in Sudan, in an area known as Kachepo, which is the name used by the neighboring Toposa, Juje, and Murle for the Baale people and their country.",bib2174,no +8030-location-2,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""Ethio-Sudanese border, the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region.""}",,,bib8008,no +8030-location-3,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,,bib2167,yes +8030-location-4,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area between Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,"On the Ethiopian side Baale used to be spoken until fairly recently in a number of settlements situated in the area known as 'Zilmamo' among the neighbouring Dizi and Amhara people: (a) Kembu, (b) Merilingo (also known as Koma), (c) Wolezonga, (d) Merosemu, (e) Zemmi (Delele), (f) Barakoys, (g) Mooga, (h) Biila... Many Baale people have been expelled from the Zilmamo area by their southern neighbours, the Nilotic Nyangatom (Bume), who forced them to move further to the north and northeast. Many Baale now appear to have resettled in the vicinity of Jeba, in the villages such as Zemi, Bayi, Gayi (apparently the largest settlement), Gurgur, Doyika, as well as in the area between Jeba and Tulgit, in villages such as Oyima and Gotita. Also, Baale people are found in a village north of Jeba called Mooga, which is close to the Akobo River just south of the area inhabited by the Nilotic Anywa. Baale is furthermore spoken across the border in Sudan in the following settlements: (i) Miun (Meono), (j) Rummi, (k) Doole. These latter settlements are situated in the area known as 'Kachipo' among neighbouring groups such as the Jiye and Toposa, Eastern Nilotic groups living mainly west of Baale... living as cultivators and pastoralists in a geographically contiguous area starting from the Kibish valley in Ethiopia and extending westwards towards the Boma plateau in Sudan.",bib8010,no +8030-location-5,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Description"": ""The border area between Ethiopia and Sudan.""}",,,bib2166,no +8030-location-6,8030,location,"{""Places"": [""Ethiopia, Sudan""], ""Coordinates"": [[5.583184, 35.188351]]}",,,bib4464,no +8030-speaker_number-1,8030,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Baale is spoken along the Ethio-Sudanese border by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 probably are living in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region. The name Baale is the self-name of the people as well as the name of the language.",bib8008,no +8030-speakers-1,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Baale is spoken along the Ethio-Sudanese border by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 probably are living in the southwestern corner of Ethiopia, in the Bench-Maji zone of the Southern Region. The name Baale is the self-name of the people as well as the name of the language.",bib8008,no +8030-speaker_number-2,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The name B. (bààlɛ́, also Bale) refers to a little known language, spoken in the border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, who call themselves, as well as their home area, by the same name. Amongst neighbouring groups , the language and the people are also known as Ðok (Dhok, Dhuak), Kec̆ipo (Kic̆epo), or Zilmamu.",bib2167,yes +8030-speakers-2,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The name B. (bààlɛ́, also Bale) refers to a little known language, spoken in the border area of southern Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, who call themselves, as well as their home area, by the same name. Amongst neighbouring groups , the language and the people are also known as Ðok (Dhok, Dhuak), Kec̆ipo (Kic̆epo), or Zilmamu.",bib2167,yes 8030-speaker_number-3,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The B. [Baale] are an ethno-linguistic group of ca. 8,000 to 8,900 people... Before the 1920s the B. were predominantly cattle-herders on on the plains around Boma, but regular conflicts with other groups in the area... disease of humans and cattle... and local disturbances in the wake of British colonialism in the early decades of 20th century caused the loss of most of their livestock and forced them to rely on shifting agriculture... After this period the B. also experienced a demographic decline.",bib258,no 8030-speakers-3,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,000 - 8,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The B. [Baale] are an ethno-linguistic group of ca. 8,000 to 8,900 people... Before the 1920s the B. were predominantly cattle-herders on on the plains around Boma, but regular conflicts with other groups in the area... disease of humans and cattle... and local disturbances in the wake of British colonialism in the early decades of 20th century caused the loss of most of their livestock and forced them to rely on shifting agriculture... After this period the B. also experienced a demographic decline.",bib258,no -8030-speaker_number-4,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Baale (bāālɛ́) is spoken in the border area between Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 are probably living on the Ethiopian side. The exact number of speakers however is not known; the recent census made by the Ethiopian government, for example, did not cover the Baale area... the speakers refer to themselves as Baale (bāālɛ́), singular Baalejini (bāālɛ̄jíní). The self-name Baale is also used to denote their language; alternatively, the language is referred to by its speakers as Baallessiye (bāāllēssīyé).",bib7985,no -8030-speakers-4,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Baale (bāālɛ́) is spoken in the border area between Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 are probably living on the Ethiopian side. The exact number of speakers however is not known; the recent census made by the Ethiopian government, for example, did not cover the Baale area... the speakers refer to themselves as Baale (bāālɛ́), singular Baalejini (bāālɛ̄jíní). The self-name Baale is also used to denote their language; alternatively, the language is referred to by its speakers as Baallessiye (bāāllēssīyé).",bib7985,no -8030-speaker_number-5,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7984,no -8030-speakers-5,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7984,no -8030-speaker_number-6,8030,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2153,no -8030-speakers-6,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2153,no -8030-LEI-1,8030,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7983,no -8030-vitality-1,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7983,no -8030-LEI-2,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2154,yes -8030-vitality-2,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2154,yes +8030-speaker_number-4,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Baale (bāālɛ́) is spoken in the border area between Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 are probably living on the Ethiopian side. The exact number of speakers however is not known; the recent census made by the Ethiopian government, for example, did not cover the Baale area... the speakers refer to themselves as Baale (bāālɛ́), singular Baalejini (bāālɛ̄jíní). The self-name Baale is also used to denote their language; alternatively, the language is referred to by its speakers as Baallessiye (bāāllēssīyé).",bib8010,no +8030-speakers-4,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Baale (bāālɛ́) is spoken in the border area between Ethiopia and Sudan by approximately 9,000 people, of whom around 5,000 are probably living on the Ethiopian side. The exact number of speakers however is not known; the recent census made by the Ethiopian government, for example, did not cover the Baale area... the speakers refer to themselves as Baale (bāālɛ́), singular Baalejini (bāālɛ̄jíní). The self-name Baale is also used to denote their language; alternatively, the language is referred to by its speakers as Baallessiye (bāāllēssīyé).",bib8010,no +8030-speaker_number-5,8030,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib8009,no +8030-speakers-5,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib8009,no +8030-speaker_number-6,8030,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2166,no +8030-speakers-6,8030,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~9,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2166,no +8030-LEI-1,8030,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8008,no +8030-vitality-1,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8008,no +8030-LEI-2,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2167,yes +8030-vitality-2,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2167,yes 8030-LEI-3,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib258,no 8030-vitality-3,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib258,no -8030-LEI-4,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7985,no -8030-vitality-4,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7985,no -8030-LEI-5,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7984,no -8030-vitality-5,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7984,no -8030-LEI-6,8030,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2153,no -8030-vitality-6,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2153,no -804-context-1,804,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nancere, Chadian Arabic, French, Ngambay, Gabri, Tobanga"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive""}",,"In general, Kabalay is used for communication within the community, and a variety of others are used when communicating with those who are not Kabalay.",bib3263,yes -804-location-1,804,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""The home area of the Kabalay people is in La\u00ef and along the eastern side of the Logone River, in the Mess\u00e9r\u00e9 and La\u00ef-Rural cantons of the La\u00ef subprefecture in the Tandjil\u00e9 prefecture of Chad."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.465995, 16.27482]]}",,,bib3263,yes -804-speaker_number-1,804,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3263,yes -804-speakers-1,804,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,885"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17,885?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3263,yes +8030-LEI-4,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8010,no +8030-vitality-4,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8010,no +8030-LEI-5,8030,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8009,no +8030-vitality-5,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8009,no +8030-LEI-6,8030,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2166,no +8030-vitality-6,8030,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2166,no +804-context-1,804,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nancere, Chadian Arabic, French, Ngambay, Gabri, Tobanga"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""very positive""}",,"In general, Kabalay is used for communication within the community, and a variety of others are used when communicating with those who are not Kabalay.",bib3279,yes +804-location-1,804,location,"{""Places"": [""Chad""], ""Description"": ""The home area of the Kabalay people is in La\u00ef and along the eastern side of the Logone River, in the Mess\u00e9r\u00e9 and La\u00ef-Rural cantons of the La\u00ef subprefecture in the Tandjil\u00e9 prefecture of Chad."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.465995, 16.27482]]}",,,bib3279,yes +804-speaker_number-1,804,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3279,yes +804-speakers-1,804,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""17,885"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<17,885?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3279,yes 804-speaker_number-2,804,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,no 804-speakers-2,804,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 1993 census.,bib67,no -804-LEI-1,804,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,used in church,bib3263,yes -804-domains_of_use-1,804,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,used in church,bib3263,yes -804-vitality-1,804,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,used in church,bib3263,yes +804-LEI-1,804,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,used in church,bib3279,yes +804-domains_of_use-1,804,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,used in church,bib3279,yes +804-vitality-1,804,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,used in church,bib3279,yes 804-LEI-2,804,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 804-vitality-2,804,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8049-location-1,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala"", ""Mexico""]}",,"Central highlands, Totonicapán, southern El Quiché, eastern Sololá, eastern Quezaltenango departments; Quiché Department, Joyabaj municipality; southwest of Lake Atitlán, Quezaltenango, and Totonicapán departments; Chichicastenango and Chiché municipalities; Quiché Department, San Andrés Sajcabajá municipality.",bib67,no -8049-location-2,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Mexico: Municipality of Champot\u00f3n in the state of Campeche; municipalities of Las Margaritas and Marqu\u00e9s de Comillas in the state of Chiapas; Guatemala: El Quich\u00e9 dept., Quetzaltenango, Cun\u00e9n, Chichicastenango, Joyabaj, San Andr\u00e9s Sajcabaj\u00e1, Atitl\u00e1n in Quetzaltenango dept.; Totinicap\u00e1n dept, Santa Cruz Quich\u00e9"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.3482, -90.7177], [15.0309, -91.1485]]}",,,bib5307,no -8049-location-3,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""7,918 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no -8049-location-4,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Quich\u00e9: Cotzal, Chajul, Chicam\u00e1n, Quich\u00e9, Chichicastenango, Chinique, Cun\u00e9n, Joyabaj, Pachalum, Patzite,\nSacapulas (parte), San Andr\u00e9s Sajcabaj\u00e1, San Antonio Ilotenango, San Bartolo Jocotenango, San Miguel\nUspant\u00e1n (3 aldeas), San Pedro Jocopilas, Santa Cruz del Quich\u00e9, Santa Mar\u00eda Nebaj (parte), Zacualpa.\n- Huehuetenango: Aguacat\u00e1n (parte norte), Malacat\u00e1n (parcialmente).\n- Quetzaltenango: Almolonga, El Palmar, La Esperanza, Olintepeque, Quetzaltepeque, Salcaja, San Carlos Sija, San\nFrancisco la Uni\u00f3n San Mateo, Sibilia, Zunil.\n- Retalhuleu: Champerico, El Asintal, Nuevo Palmar (Bel\u00e9n), Nuevo San Carlos, Retalhuleu, San Andr\u00e9s Villa Seca,\nSan Felipe, San Mart\u00edn Azapotitl\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Retalhuleu, Santa Cruz, Mulua, Concepci\u00f3n.\n- Solol\u00e1: Nahual\u00e1, San Juan la Laguna (3 aldeas) Santa Catarina Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Santa Clara la Laguna, Santa Luc\u00eda\nUtatl\u00e1n, Solol\u00e1.\n- Suchitep\u00e9quez: Chicacao, Cuyotenango, Patulul (la Ermita), Pueblo Nuevo, R\u00edo Bravo, Mazatenango, Samayac, San\nBernardino, San Francisco Zapotitl\u00e1n, San Gabriel, San Jos\u00e9 el \u00cddolo, San Lorenzo, San Miguel Pan\u00e1n,\nSan Pablo Jocopilas, Santa B\u00e1rbara (parte), Santo Domingo Suchitep\u00e9quez, Santo Tom\u00e1s la Uni\u00f3n,\nZunilito.\n- Totonicap\u00e1n: Momostenango, San Andr\u00e9s Xecul, San Bartolo Aguas Calientes, San Crist\u00f3bal Totonicap\u00e1n, San Francisco\nel Alto, Santa Luc\u00eda la Reforma, Santa Mar\u00eda Chiquimula, Totonicap\u00e1n.\n- San Marcos: San Antonio Sacatep\u00e9quez.\n- Chimaltenango: Tecp\u00e1n""}",,,bib6262,yes +8049-location-2,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Mexico: Municipality of Champot\u00f3n in the state of Campeche; municipalities of Las Margaritas and Marqu\u00e9s de Comillas in the state of Chiapas; Guatemala: El Quich\u00e9 dept., Quetzaltenango, Cun\u00e9n, Chichicastenango, Joyabaj, San Andr\u00e9s Sajcabaj\u00e1, Atitl\u00e1n in Quetzaltenango dept.; Totinicap\u00e1n dept, Santa Cruz Quich\u00e9"", ""Coordinates"": [[19.3482, -90.7177], [15.0309, -91.1485]]}",,,bib5330,no +8049-location-3,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""7,918 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no +8049-location-4,8049,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Quich\u00e9: Cotzal, Chajul, Chicam\u00e1n, Quich\u00e9, Chichicastenango, Chinique, Cun\u00e9n, Joyabaj, Pachalum, Patzite,\nSacapulas (parte), San Andr\u00e9s Sajcabaj\u00e1, San Antonio Ilotenango, San Bartolo Jocotenango, San Miguel\nUspant\u00e1n (3 aldeas), San Pedro Jocopilas, Santa Cruz del Quich\u00e9, Santa Mar\u00eda Nebaj (parte), Zacualpa.\n- Huehuetenango: Aguacat\u00e1n (parte norte), Malacat\u00e1n (parcialmente).\n- Quetzaltenango: Almolonga, El Palmar, La Esperanza, Olintepeque, Quetzaltepeque, Salcaja, San Carlos Sija, San\nFrancisco la Uni\u00f3n San Mateo, Sibilia, Zunil.\n- Retalhuleu: Champerico, El Asintal, Nuevo Palmar (Bel\u00e9n), Nuevo San Carlos, Retalhuleu, San Andr\u00e9s Villa Seca,\nSan Felipe, San Mart\u00edn Azapotitl\u00e1n, San Sebasti\u00e1n Retalhuleu, Santa Cruz, Mulua, Concepci\u00f3n.\n- Solol\u00e1: Nahual\u00e1, San Juan la Laguna (3 aldeas) Santa Catarina Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Santa Clara la Laguna, Santa Luc\u00eda\nUtatl\u00e1n, Solol\u00e1.\n- Suchitep\u00e9quez: Chicacao, Cuyotenango, Patulul (la Ermita), Pueblo Nuevo, R\u00edo Bravo, Mazatenango, Samayac, San\nBernardino, San Francisco Zapotitl\u00e1n, San Gabriel, San Jos\u00e9 el \u00cddolo, San Lorenzo, San Miguel Pan\u00e1n,\nSan Pablo Jocopilas, Santa B\u00e1rbara (parte), Santo Domingo Suchitep\u00e9quez, Santo Tom\u00e1s la Uni\u00f3n,\nZunilito.\n- Totonicap\u00e1n: Momostenango, San Andr\u00e9s Xecul, San Bartolo Aguas Calientes, San Crist\u00f3bal Totonicap\u00e1n, San Francisco\nel Alto, Santa Luc\u00eda la Reforma, Santa Mar\u00eda Chiquimula, Totonicap\u00e1n.\n- San Marcos: San Antonio Sacatep\u00e9quez.\n- Chimaltenango: Tecp\u00e1n""}",,,bib6286,yes 8049-speaker_number-1,8049,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"(2000 SIL) 2,330,000. 300,000 monolinguals (2013).",bib67,no 8049-speakers-1,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"(2000 SIL) 2,330,000. 300,000 monolinguals (2013).",bib67,no -8049-speaker_number-2,8049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,226 speakers in Mexico,bib5307,no -8049-speakers-2,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890,822"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,226 speakers in Mexico,bib5307,no +8049-speaker_number-2,8049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,226 speakers in Mexico,bib5330,no +8049-speakers-2,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""890,822"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,226 speakers in Mexico,bib5330,no 8049-speakers-3,8049,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,270,953"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"656,926 women; 614,027 men. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no -8049-speaker_number-4,8049,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5849,no -8049-speakers-4,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""922,378"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5849,no +8049-speaker_number-4,8049,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5873,no +8049-speakers-4,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""922,378"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5873,no 8049-speakers-5,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,900,000""}",,,bib233,no -8049-speaker_number-6,8049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"922,378 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -8049-speakers-6,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""922,378"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"922,378 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +8049-speaker_number-6,8049,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"922,378 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +8049-speakers-6,8049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""922,378"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"922,378 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8049-LEI-1,8049,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8049-vitality-1,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8049-LEI-2,8049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8049-vitality-2,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8049-LEI-3,8049,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -8049-vitality-3,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -8049-LEI-4,8049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -8049-vitality-4,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes -8069-context-1,8069,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tooro: some churches"", ""English: higher education"", ""Swahili: lingua franca in DRC""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tooro, English, Swahili""}",,Speakers use Tooro as a second language [...] but Tooro use seems to be decreasing [...] English is used by men and boys who have been to higher levels of school. [...] Kongo Swahili is the lingua franca of the area [in Democratic Republic of Congo],bib3074,no -8069-context-2,8069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tooro; English""}",,,bib1937,yes -8069-location-1,8069,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda"", ""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""In Uganda: 53,467 speakers on Democratic Republic of Congo border. Bundibugyo district, southwest of Fort Portal, between Albert and Edward Lakes, immediately next to the Democratic Republic of Congo border, near Kilembe [...] In Democratic Republic of Congo: 20,000 speakers, Nord-Kivu Province, Beni Territory, Butalinga County, within the borders of the Virunga National Park, up to the Uganda border."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.624835, 29.974608]]}",,,bib3074,no -8069-location-2,8069,location,"{""Places"": [""Bundibugyo, Uganda"", ""Democratic Republic of Congo""]}",,,bib1937,yes -8069-speaker_number-1,8069,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3074,no -8069-speakers-1,8069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3074,no -8069-speaker_number-2,8069,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1937,yes -8069-speakers-2,8069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000-85,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1937,yes +8049-LEI-2,8049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8049-vitality-2,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8049-LEI-3,8049,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +8049-vitality-3,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +8049-LEI-4,8049,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +8049-vitality-4,8049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes +8069-context-1,8069,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tooro: some churches"", ""English: higher education"", ""Swahili: lingua franca in DRC""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tooro, English, Swahili""}",,Speakers use Tooro as a second language [...] but Tooro use seems to be decreasing [...] English is used by men and boys who have been to higher levels of school. [...] Kongo Swahili is the lingua franca of the area [in Democratic Republic of Congo],bib3088,no +8069-context-2,8069,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tooro; English""}",,,bib1949,yes +8069-location-1,8069,location,"{""Places"": [""Uganda"", ""Democratic Republic of Congo""], ""Description"": ""In Uganda: 53,467 speakers on Democratic Republic of Congo border. Bundibugyo district, southwest of Fort Portal, between Albert and Edward Lakes, immediately next to the Democratic Republic of Congo border, near Kilembe [...] In Democratic Republic of Congo: 20,000 speakers, Nord-Kivu Province, Beni Territory, Butalinga County, within the borders of the Virunga National Park, up to the Uganda border."", ""Coordinates"": [[0.624835, 29.974608]]}",,,bib3088,no +8069-location-2,8069,location,"{""Places"": [""Bundibugyo, Uganda"", ""Democratic Republic of Congo""]}",,,bib1949,yes +8069-speaker_number-1,8069,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3088,no +8069-speakers-1,8069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3088,no +8069-speaker_number-2,8069,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1949,yes +8069-speakers-2,8069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""75,000-85,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1949,yes 8069-speaker_number-3,8069,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"68,500 in Uganda (2002 census). Population total all countries: 99,400",bib67,no 8069-speakers-3,8069,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""99,400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"68,500 in Uganda (2002 census). Population total all countries: 99,400",bib67,no -8069-LEI-1,8069,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3074,no -8069-vitality-1,8069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3074,no -8069-LEI-2,8069,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1937,yes -8069-vitality-2,8069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1937,yes +8069-LEI-1,8069,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3088,no +8069-vitality-1,8069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3088,no +8069-LEI-2,8069,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1949,yes +8069-vitality-2,8069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1949,yes 8069-LEI-3,8069,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8069-vitality-3,8069,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8089-location-1,8089,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""South, Chimaltenango Department, Yepocapa municipality; San Mart\u00edn Jilotepeque municipality, San Mart\u00edn and Santa Ana Chimaltenango towns and rural areas; northwest of Guatemala City, San Juan Sacatep\u00e9quez; south of Antigua; west of Guatemala City on the Pan American highway; Akatenango municipality; Solol\u00e1 Department, North and east shores of Lake Atitl\u00e1n.""}",,,bib67,no -8089-location-2,8089,location,"{""Description"": ""4,537 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +8089-location-2,8089,location,"{""Description"": ""4,537 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 8089-location-3,8089,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.47, -90.99]]}",,,bib75,no -8089-location-4,8089,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guatemala (departmentO: Chuarrancho, San Juan Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Pedro Ayampuc, San Pedro Sacatep\u00e9quez y San Raymundo.\nSacatep\u00e9quez: Magdalena Milpas Altas, San Antonio Aguas Calientes, Santa Catarina Barahona, San Lucas Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Bartolom\u00e9 Milpas Altas, Santiago Sacatep\u00e9quez, Sumpango, Santa Mar\u00eda de Jes\u00fas, Santa Domingo Xenacoj, San Miguel Due\u00f1as, San Juan Alotenango y Santa Luc\u00eda Milpas Altas.\nEscuintla: Santa Luc\u00eda Cotzumalguapa.\nSolol\u00e1: Panajachel, San Andr\u00e9s Semetabaj, San Antonio Palop\u00f3, San Jos\u00e9 Chacay\u00e1, Santa Catarina Palop\u00f3, Santa Cruz la Laguna, Solol\u00e1, Concepci\u00f3n y San Marcos la Laguna.\nSuchitep\u00e9quez: San Antonio Suchitep\u00e9quez, San Juan Bautista and Patulul.\nBaja Verapaz: part of El Chol.""}",,,bib6262,yes +8089-location-4,8089,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Guatemala (departmentO: Chuarrancho, San Juan Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Pedro Ayampuc, San Pedro Sacatep\u00e9quez y San Raymundo.\nSacatep\u00e9quez: Magdalena Milpas Altas, San Antonio Aguas Calientes, Santa Catarina Barahona, San Lucas Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Bartolom\u00e9 Milpas Altas, Santiago Sacatep\u00e9quez, Sumpango, Santa Mar\u00eda de Jes\u00fas, Santa Domingo Xenacoj, San Miguel Due\u00f1as, San Juan Alotenango y Santa Luc\u00eda Milpas Altas.\nEscuintla: Santa Luc\u00eda Cotzumalguapa.\nSolol\u00e1: Panajachel, San Andr\u00e9s Semetabaj, San Antonio Palop\u00f3, San Jos\u00e9 Chacay\u00e1, Santa Catarina Palop\u00f3, Santa Cruz la Laguna, Solol\u00e1, Concepci\u00f3n y San Marcos la Laguna.\nSuchitep\u00e9quez: San Antonio Suchitep\u00e9quez, San Juan Bautista and Patulul.\nBaja Verapaz: part of El Chol.""}",,,bib6286,yes 8089-speaker_number-1,8089,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"The combined sum of speaker numbers from Ethnologue's (2009) 10 separate Kaqchikel dialect entries. 451,000 (1990–1998 SIL) (2013) (Ethnologue 2013 has only a single Kaqchikel language [cak]",bib67,no 8089-speakers-1,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450,900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"The combined sum of speaker numbers from Ethnologue's (2009) 10 separate Kaqchikel dialect entries. 451,000 (1990–1998 SIL) (2013) (Ethnologue 2013 has only a single Kaqchikel language [cak]",bib67,no -8089-speaker_number-2,8089,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"444,954 in Guatemala (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Guatemala (2002) XI Censo Nacional de Población), 35 in Mexico (2000 census).",bib5307,no -8089-speakers-2,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""444,989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"444,954 in Guatemala (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Guatemala (2002) XI Censo Nacional de Población), 35 in Mexico (2000 census).",bib5307,no +8089-speaker_number-2,8089,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"444,954 in Guatemala (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Guatemala (2002) XI Censo Nacional de Población), 35 in Mexico (2000 census).",bib5330,no +8089-speakers-2,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""444,989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"444,954 in Guatemala (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Guatemala (2002) XI Censo Nacional de Población), 35 in Mexico (2000 census).",bib5330,no 8089-speakers-3,8089,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""832,968"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"411,878 men; 421,090 women. 2002 census. Data for within Guatemala.",bib32,no -8089-speaker_number-4,8089,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5849,no -8089-speakers-4,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475,889"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5849,no +8089-speaker_number-4,8089,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5873,no +8089-speakers-4,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475,889"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5873,no 8089-speaker_number-5,8089,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"475,889 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8089-speakers-5,8089,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""475,889"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"475,889 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con -base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8089-LEI-1,8089,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8089-vitality-1,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8089-LEI-2,8089,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8089-vitality-2,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8089-LEI-3,8089,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -8089-vitality-3,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -8089-LEI-4,8089,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -8089-vitality-4,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +8089-LEI-2,8089,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8089-vitality-2,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8089-LEI-3,8089,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +8089-vitality-3,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +8089-LEI-4,8089,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +8089-vitality-4,8089,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 8090-location-1,8090,location,"{""Places"": [""Belize"", ""Guatemala""]}",,"Northern Alta Verapaz, southern Petén departments.",bib67,no -8090-location-2,8090,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 24,662 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5849,no +8090-location-2,8090,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a 24,662 square kilometer area.""}",,,bib5873,no 8090-location-3,8090,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[15.38, -89.25]]}",,,bib75,no -8090-location-4,8090,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""], ""Description"": ""- Alta Verapaz: Chahal, Chisec, Cob\u00e1n, Fray Bartolom\u00e9 las Casas, Lanqu\u00edn, Panz\u00f3s, Chamelco, Carch\u00e1, Cahab\u00f3n, Senah\u00fa y Tucur\u00fa.\n- Baja Verapaz: Purulh\u00e1.\n- Pet\u00e9n: La Libertad, Popt\u00fan, San Luis y Sayaxch\u00e9.\n- Quich\u00e9: Ixc\u00e1n, Playa Grande y Uspant\u00e1n.\n- Izabal: El Estor, Livingston y Morales.\n- Belice: Distrito de Toledo.""}",,,bib6262,yes +8090-location-4,8090,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala, Belize""], ""Description"": ""- Alta Verapaz: Chahal, Chisec, Cob\u00e1n, Fray Bartolom\u00e9 las Casas, Lanqu\u00edn, Panz\u00f3s, Chamelco, Carch\u00e1, Cahab\u00f3n, Senah\u00fa y Tucur\u00fa.\n- Baja Verapaz: Purulh\u00e1.\n- Pet\u00e9n: La Libertad, Popt\u00fan, San Luis y Sayaxch\u00e9.\n- Quich\u00e9: Ixc\u00e1n, Playa Grande y Uspant\u00e1n.\n- Izabal: El Estor, Livingston y Morales.\n- Belice: Distrito de Toledo.""}",,,bib6286,yes 8090-speaker_number-1,8090,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"400,000 in Guatemala (1998 SIL). Population total all countries: 423,500. 800,000 in Guatemala (2009 SIL), increasing. Population total all countries: 823,500 (2013).",bib67,no 8090-speakers-1,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""423,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"400,000 in Guatemala (1998 SIL). Population total all countries: 423,500. 800,000 in Guatemala (2009 SIL), increasing. Population total all countries: 823,500 (2013).",bib67,no -8090-speakers-2,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""728,467""}",,,bib5307,no +8090-speakers-2,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""728,467""}",,,bib5330,no 8090-speakers-3,8090,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""852,012"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"428,410 men; 423,602 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no 8090-speaker_number-4,8090,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 8090-speakers-4,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""421,286"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -8090-speaker_number-5,8090,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5849,no -8090-speakers-5,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""726,723"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5849,no -8090-speaker_number-6,8090,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"726,723 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes -8090-speakers-6,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""726,723"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"726,723 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +8090-speaker_number-5,8090,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5873,no +8090-speakers-5,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""726,723"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5873,no +8090-speaker_number-6,8090,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"726,723 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes +8090-speakers-6,8090,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""726,723"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"726,723 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8090-LEI-1,8090,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8090-vitality-1,8090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8090-LEI-2,8090,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8090-vitality-2,8090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8090-LEI-3,8090,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5849,no -8090-vitality-3,8090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5849,no -8090-LEI-4,8090,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -8090-transmission-4,8090,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6262,yes -8090-vitality-4,8090,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6262,yes +8090-LEI-3,8090,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5873,no +8090-vitality-3,8090,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5873,no +8090-LEI-4,8090,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +8090-transmission-4,8090,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6286,yes +8090-vitality-4,8090,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6286,yes 8091-location-1,8091,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Coordinates"": [[14.8, -91.72]]}",,,bib75,no -8091-location-2,8091,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Huehuetenango: Malacatancito, San Sebasti\u00e1n Huehuetenango, Colotenango, San Gaspar Ixchil, Santa B\u00e1rbara, La Libertad, San Ildefonso Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Chiantla, San Rafael Petzal, Tectit\u00e1n, Santiago Chimaltenango, La Democracia, San Juan Atitl\u00e1n, Cuilco, San Pedro Necta y Todos Santos Cuchumat\u00e1n.\n- Quetzaltenango: San Mart\u00edn Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Juan Ostuncalco, Concepci\u00f3n Chiquirichapa, San Miguel Sig\u00fcil\u00e1, Palestina, Cajol\u00e1, Huit\u00e1n, Cabric\u00e1n, G\u00e9nova, Colomba, Flores Costa Cuca y Coatepeque.\n- San Marcos: Concepci\u00f3n Tutuapa, San Miguel Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Catarina, Comitancillo, El Quetzal, El Rodeo, El Tumbador, Esquipulas Palo Gordo, La Reforma, Malacat\u00e1n, Nuevo Progreso, San Antonio Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Crist\u00f3bal Cucho, San Jos\u00e9 Ojetenam, San Lorenzo, San Marcos, San Pablo, San Pedro Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta, Sibinal, Tajumulco, Tejutla, R\u00edo Blanco, Tacan\u00e1, Oc\u00f3s, Ixchigu\u00e1n, Pajapita y Ayutla.""}",,,bib6262,yes +8091-location-2,8091,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""- Huehuetenango: Malacatancito, San Sebasti\u00e1n Huehuetenango, Colotenango, San Gaspar Ixchil, Santa B\u00e1rbara, La Libertad, San Ildefonso Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Chiantla, San Rafael Petzal, Tectit\u00e1n, Santiago Chimaltenango, La Democracia, San Juan Atitl\u00e1n, Cuilco, San Pedro Necta y Todos Santos Cuchumat\u00e1n.\n- Quetzaltenango: San Mart\u00edn Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Juan Ostuncalco, Concepci\u00f3n Chiquirichapa, San Miguel Sig\u00fcil\u00e1, Palestina, Cajol\u00e1, Huit\u00e1n, Cabric\u00e1n, G\u00e9nova, Colomba, Flores Costa Cuca y Coatepeque.\n- San Marcos: Concepci\u00f3n Tutuapa, San Miguel Ixtahuac\u00e1n, Catarina, Comitancillo, El Quetzal, El Rodeo, El Tumbador, Esquipulas Palo Gordo, La Reforma, Malacat\u00e1n, Nuevo Progreso, San Antonio Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Crist\u00f3bal Cucho, San Jos\u00e9 Ojetenam, San Lorenzo, San Marcos, San Pablo, San Pedro Sacatep\u00e9quez, San Rafael Pie de la Cuesta, Sibinal, Tajumulco, Tejutla, R\u00edo Blanco, Tacan\u00e1, Oc\u00f3s, Ixchigu\u00e1n, Pajapita y Ayutla.""}",,,bib6286,yes 8091-location-3,8091,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Western Huehuetenango Department, San Sebasti\u00e1n and other towns; San Marcos Department, 17 towns; Quetzaltenango Department, 9 towns; Retalhuleu Department, 1 town; Western Ostuncalco area, San Juan Ostuncalco, San Mart\u00edn Sacatep\u00e9quez, and other towns; San Marcos Department, Tajumulco and Ixchigu\u00e1n; western San Marcos Department, rural areas west of Tacan\u00e1, western Guatemala border, and in Sibinal and Tectit\u00e1n. Dialects in San Miguel Ixtahuac\u00e1n (18,000) and Concepci\u00f3n Tutapa (30,000).""}",,,bib67,no 8091-speaker_number-1,8091,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 8091-speakers-1,8091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""201,279"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 8091-speakers-2,8091,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""617,171"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002""}",,"299,805 men; 317,366 women. Data for within Guatemala. (Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE, Guatemala, 2002 census).",bib32,no 8091-speaker_number-3,8091,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"519,664 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones -del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8091-speakers-3,8091,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""519,664"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"519,664 personas para el año 2001, según un algoritmo desarrollado con base en las proyecciones -del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes +del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6286,yes 8091-speaker_number-4,8091,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"200,000 in Guatemala (2000). Population total all countries: 201,000 530,000 in Guatemala (1991–2000). Population total all countries: 537,980 (2013).",bib67,no @@ -63086,26 +63290,26 @@ del Instituto Nacional de Estadística.",bib6262,yes 530,000 in Guatemala (1991–2000). Population total all countries: 537,980 (2013).",bib67,no 8091-LEI-1,8091,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8091-vitality-1,8091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8091-LEI-2,8091,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6262,yes -8091-vitality-2,8091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6262,yes +8091-LEI-2,8091,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6286,yes +8091-vitality-2,8091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6286,yes 8091-LEI-3,8091,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8091-vitality-3,8091,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8111-location-1,8111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Bolivia"", ""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Central Aymara [ayr]: Whole Altiplano west of eastern Andes. Some migration to valleys and lowlands.\nSouthern Aymara [ayc]: Tacna, Moquegua, and Puno regions, from Lake Titicaca toward the ocean.""}",,,bib68,no -8111-location-2,8111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Bolivia"", ""Argentina"", ""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in the Puno, Moquegua, and Tacna Regions in Peru, but now also spoken by migrant groups in Lima, Arequipa, and Madre de Dios, as well as in Bolivia, northern Argentina, and Chile.""}",,,bib8124,yes +8111-location-2,8111,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru"", ""Bolivia"", ""Argentina"", ""Chile""], ""Description"": ""Traditionally spoken in the Puno, Moquegua, and Tacna Regions in Peru, but now also spoken by migrant groups in Lima, Arequipa, and Madre de Dios, as well as in Bolivia, northern Argentina, and Chile.""}",,,bib8149,yes 8111-speaker_number-1,8111,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Central Aymara [ayr]: 2,098,000 in Bolivia (2006 PIB). Population total all countries: 2,589,000. Southern Aymara [ayc]: 219,000 (2006).",bib68,no 8111-speakers-1,8111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,317,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Central Aymara [ayr]: 2,098,000 in Bolivia (2006 PIB). Population total all countries: 2,589,000. Southern Aymara [ayc]: 219,000 (2006).",bib68,no -8111-speaker_number-2,8111,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -8111-speakers-2,8111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -8111-speaker_number-3,8111,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Census,bib8124,yes -8111-speakers-3,8111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""443,248"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Census,bib8124,yes +8111-speaker_number-2,8111,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +8111-speakers-2,8111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +8111-speaker_number-3,8111,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,Census,bib8149,yes +8111-speakers-3,8111,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""443,248"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,Census,bib8149,yes 8111-LEI-1,8111,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 8111-vitality-1,8111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -8111-LEI-2,8111,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8111-vitality-2,8111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8111-LEI-3,8111,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,yes -8111-vitality-3,8111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8124,yes +8111-LEI-2,8111,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8111-vitality-2,8111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8111-LEI-3,8111,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,yes +8111-vitality-3,8111,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8149,yes 8112-context-1,8112,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""200,000""}",,Bilingual education in some Quechua areas. Poetry. Radio programs. TV. Dictionary. Grammar.,bib68,no 8112-context-2,8112,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib71,yes 8112-location-1,8112,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Central Ancash Region, Huaraz, Carhuaz, and Caraz provinces; Callej\u00f3n de Huaylas."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.52044, -77.568526]]}",,,bib68,no @@ -63154,7 +63358,7 @@ Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua [qxo]: 250,000 speakers (1994 census).",bib71, 8114-context-2,8114,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,yes 8114-context-3,8114,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Vigorous""}",,,bib67,no 8114-location-1,8114,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Huanuco region: Aparicio Pomares, Baños, Cahuac, Chacabamba, Chavinillo, Jacas Chico, Jesús, Jivia, Margos, Rondos, San Francisco de Asis, San Pedro de Chaulán, Obas, Queropalca, San Miguel de Cauri, and Yarumayo districts.",bib70,no -8114-location-2,8114,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Hu\u00e1nuco"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.932, -76.242]]}",,,bib6356,no +8114-location-2,8114,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Hu\u00e1nuco"", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.932, -76.242]]}",,,bib6380,no 8114-location-3,8114,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Huanuco region: Aparicio Pomares, Baños, Cahuac, Chacabamba, Chavinillo, Jacas Chico, Jesús, Jivia, Margos, Rondos, San Francisco de Asis, San Pedro de Chaulán, Obas, Queropalca, San Miguel de Cauri, and Yarumayo districts.",bib71,yes 8114-location-4,8114,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Southwest and south central Huanuco Region, Obas, Aparicio Pomares, Cahuac, Chavinillo, Chacabamba, Jacas Chico, Rondos, San Francisco de Asis, Jivia, Baños, Queropalca, Jesús, San Miguel de Cauri, Yarumayo, Margos, and San Pedro de Chaulán districts.",bib67,no 8114-speaker_number-1,8114,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib70,no @@ -63172,10 +63376,10 @@ Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua [qxo]: 250,000 speakers (1994 census).",bib71, 8114-vitality-3,8114,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8115-context-1,8115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]""}",,,bib68,no 8115-context-2,8115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,yes -8115-context-3,8115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7740,no +8115-context-3,8115,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib7765,no 8115-location-1,8115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Ambo-Pasco Quechua\"" [qva] is spoken in \""Pasco Region, Pasco province, Chaupimarca, Huach\u00f3n, Huariaca, Ninacaca, Pallanchacra, San Francisco de As\u00eds de Yarusyac\u00e1n, Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, Ticlacay\u00e1n, Tinyahuarca, Vicco, and Yanacancha districts; Huanuco Region, Ambo Province, Huacar, San Francisco de Mosca, and San Rafael districts; some in Lima Region.\"" \""Panao Hu\u00e1nuco Quechua\"" [qxh] is spoken in \""East central Huanuco Region; also in northern Pasco Region."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.2, -75.8]]}",,,bib68,no 8115-location-2,8115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Huanuco region: Huánuco city; some in Ucayali region.,bib71,yes -8115-location-3,8115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib7740,no +8115-location-3,8115,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib7765,no 8115-speaker_number-1,8115,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguish two languages ere: ""Ambo-Pasco Quechua"" [qva: 90,000 speakers (1998 SIL), 18,000 monolinguals. (Unchanged 2016.) ""Panao Huánuco Quechua"" [qxh]: 50,000 speakers (2002 SIL), 10,000. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no @@ -63192,7 +63396,7 @@ Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua [qxo]: 250,000 speakers (1994 census).",bib71, 8121-context-1,8121,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,,bib68,no 8121-context-2,8121,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,Strong pressure from Spanish in all communities.,bib71,yes 8121-location-1,8121,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Cajamarca Region, Chetilla and Los Ba\u00f1os districts; western dialect: Chetilla district, eastern dialect: Porc\u00f3n and Cajamarca valley areas; small area of La Libertad Region, west bank of Rio Maranon.""}",,,bib68,no -8121-location-2,8121,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Cajamarca,bib6076,no +8121-location-2,8121,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,Cajamarca,bib6100,no 8121-location-3,8121,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Coordinates"": [[-7.158438, -78.51262], [-7.142658, -78.651822], [-7.165896, -78.462059]]}",,"Cajamarca region: Chetilla and Los Baños districts; western: Chetilla district, eastern: Porcón and Cajamarca Valley areas; La Libertad region: west bank of Río Marañon.",bib71,yes 8121-speaker_number-1,8121,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000 population (2016).",bib68,no 8121-speakers-1,8121,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000 population (2016).",bib68,no @@ -63244,16 +63448,16 @@ Little transmission to children. Bilingual parents want their children to learn Little transmission to children. Bilingual parents want their children to learn Spanish. Used by shamans in chants. Protestants use it in singing with published hymnbook. Scattered occasional use in religious services apart from singing. Negative attitudes. Embarrassed to be heard using the language. 13,000 also use Spanish (2013).",bib67,no 8125-context-1,8125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,yes -8125-context-2,8125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6962,no +8125-context-2,8125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib6986,no 8125-context-3,8125,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative.""}",,,bib68,no 8125-location-1,8125,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Ayacucho and Huancavelica regions; Apurimac, Arequipa, Cusco, Ica, Junin, and Lima regions.",bib71,yes -8125-location-2,8125,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Ayacucho, Chanka",bib6962,no -8125-location-3,8125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.85, -74.32]]}",,,bib3264,no +8125-location-2,8125,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Ayacucho, Chanka",bib6986,no +8125-location-3,8125,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.85, -74.32]]}",,,bib3280,no 8125-location-4,8125,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Southwest, Ayacucho and Huancavelica regions; also areas of Apurimac, Junin, Arequipa, Cusco, Ica, and Lima regions.""}",,,bib68,no 8125-speaker_number-1,8125,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib71,yes 8125-speakers-1,8125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib71,yes -8125-speaker_number-2,8125,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -8125-speakers-2,8125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +8125-speaker_number-2,8125,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +8125-speakers-2,8125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""850,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 8125-speaker_number-3,8125,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"decreasing. 300,000 monolinguals. (SIL). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib68,no 8125-speakers-3,8125,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"decreasing. 300,000 monolinguals. (SIL). @@ -63264,68 +63468,68 @@ Little transmission to children. Bilingual parents want their children to learn 8125-transmission-1,8125,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib71,yes 8125-speaker_number_trends-1,8125,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib71,yes 8125-vitality-1,8125,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib71,yes -8125-LEI-2,8125,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8125-vitality-2,8125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +8125-LEI-2,8125,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8125-vitality-2,8125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 8125-LEI-3,8125,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 8125-vitality-3,8125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no 8125-LEI-4,8125,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8125-vitality-4,8125,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 8126-context-1,8126,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa], Central Aymara [ayr]"", ""Government Support"": ""\""Statutory provincial language in Apolo region, La Paz Department (2009, Constitution, Article 5(1)). Recognized language (2009, Constitution, Article 5(1)).\"""", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""65,600 also use Spanish [spa].""}",,,bib68,no 8126-location-1,8126,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia""], ""Description"": ""Apolo region, La Paz Department.""}",,,bib68,no -8126-location-2,8126,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4, -68.79]]}",,,bib3264,no +8126-location-2,8126,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-14.4, -68.79]]}",,,bib3280,no 8126-speaker_number-1,8126,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"(1978 census), increasing. 18,500 monolinguals.",bib68,no 8126-speakers-1,8126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""116,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1978"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"(1978 census), increasing. 18,500 monolinguals.",bib68,no -8126-speaker_number-2,8126,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,yes -8126-speakers-2,8126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,yes +8126-speaker_number-2,8126,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,yes +8126-speakers-2,8126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,yes 8126-speaker_number-3,8126,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 8126-speakers-3,8126,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""116,483"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 8126-LEI-1,8126,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 8126-vitality-1,8126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -8126-LEI-2,8126,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -8126-vitality-2,8126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +8126-LEI-2,8126,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +8126-vitality-2,8126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 8126-LEI-3,8126,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8126-vitality-3,8126,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 8127-location-1,8127,location,"{""Places"": [""Bolivia"", ""Argentina""], ""Description"": ""Bolivia: \""Highland and lowland except around Apolo.\"" Argentina: \""Buenos Aires, some working on docks; Salta and Northwest Jujuy provinces.\""""}",,,bib68,no -8127-location-2,8127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.92, -66.33]]}",,,bib3264,no +8127-location-2,8127,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-20.92, -66.33]]}",,,bib3280,no 8127-speaker_number-1,8127,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"2,780,000 in Bolivia (1987). 5,120 in Argentina (2004 census)",bib68,no 8127-speakers-1,8127,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""70,500 in Argentina (2004 INDEC)."", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,785,120"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987, 2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"2,780,000 in Bolivia (1987). 5,120 in Argentina (2004 census)",bib68,no -8127-speaker_number-2,8127,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,yes -8127-speakers-2,8127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,yes +8127-speaker_number-2,8127,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,yes +8127-speakers-2,8127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,300,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,yes 8127-speaker_number-3,8127,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 8127-speakers-3,8127,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,637,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 8127-LEI-1,8127,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 8127-vitality-1,8127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -8127-LEI-2,8127,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -8127-vitality-2,8127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +8127-LEI-2,8127,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +8127-vitality-2,8127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 8127-LEI-3,8127,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8127-vitality-3,8127,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 8128-context-1,8128,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Taught in primary schools. Poetry. Radio programs. Dictionary. Grammar. Bible."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""In rural areas 65% also use Spanish; in urban areas possibly 90%\u201395%""}",,,bib68,yes 8128-context-2,8128,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib71,no 8128-location-1,8128,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Cusco, Arequipa, Apurimac, Madre de Dios, Puno, and Moquegua regions."", ""Coordinates"": [[-13.523176, -71.978731]]}",,,bib68,yes 8128-location-2,8128,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,"Apurimac, Arequipa, Cusco, Moquegua, Madre de Dios, and Puno regions.",bib71,no -8128-location-3,8128,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1947,no +8128-location-3,8128,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""]}",,,bib1959,no 8128-speaker_number-1,8128,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,(Unchanged 2016.),bib68,yes 8128-speakers-1,8128,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,(Unchanged 2016.),bib68,yes -8128-speaker_number-2,8128,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -8128-speakers-2,8128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,115,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no +8128-speaker_number-2,8128,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +8128-speakers-2,8128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,115,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no 8128-speaker_number-3,8128,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib71,no 8128-speakers-3,8128,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib71,no 8128-speakers-4,8128,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500,000""}",,,bib233,no 8128-LEI-1,8128,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 8128-vitality-1,8128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -8128-LEI-2,8128,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8128-vitality-2,8128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +8128-LEI-2,8128,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8128-vitality-2,8128,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 8128-LEI-3,8128,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib71,no 8128-transmission-3,8128,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib71,no 8128-speaker_number_trends-3,8128,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib71,no 8128-vitality-3,8128,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib71,no 8129-context-1,8129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Yukpa [yup]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral attitudes.""}",,Most also use Spanish [spa]. Also use Yukpa [yup].,bib70,no 8129-context-2,8129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Yukpa"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""90%""}",,Neutral attitudes. 90% also use Spanish [spa]. Also use Yukpa [yup].,bib67,yes -8129-location-1,8129,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""La Sierra de Perij\u00e1 in Zulia State, The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela""}",,,bib2667,no +8129-location-1,8129,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""La Sierra de Perij\u00e1 in Zulia State, The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela""}",,,bib2680,no 8129-location-2,8129,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""]}",,Zulia state: north Sierra de Perija.,bib70,no 8129-location-3,8129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[10.55, -72.71]]}",,,bib75,no 8129-location-4,8129,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Zulia State, north Sierra de Perija.""}",,"Zulia State, north Sierra de Perija.",bib67,yes -8129-speakers-1,8129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""227""}",,,bib2667,no +8129-speakers-1,8129,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""227""}",,,bib2680,no 8129-speaker_number-2,8129,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib233,no 8129-speakers-2,8129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""95"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib233,no 8129-speaker_number-3,8129,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib70,no @@ -63339,127 +63543,127 @@ Little transmission to children. Bilingual parents want their children to learn 8129-LEI-3,8129,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Threatened by exogamous marriages. Home, work.",bib67,yes 8129-domains_of_use-3,8129,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Threatened by exogamous marriages. Home, work.",bib67,yes 8129-vitality-3,8129,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Threatened by exogamous marriages. Home, work.",bib67,yes -8172-location-1,8172,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The language Bangime is spoken by seven villages located in the Cercle of Bandiagara, Commune of Kargue. These are specifically located at the following coordinates (North/West): Bounou (14:47:50/ 3:45:40), Bara (14:48:20/ 3:45:30), Nyana 6 (14:48:10 3:46:50), Digari (14:47:40/ 3:46:50), Doro (14:49:20/ 3:47:20), Dieni (14:47:10/ 3:45:50), and Due (14:48:20/ 3:47:00) (Hochstetler, et al., 2004). This lies in the north-west of the Dogon plateau, and the villages are reached by an unpaved road around 20km south-east of Konna, which is located on the main road between Sevar\u00e9 and Gao."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.797222, -3.761111], [14.805556, -3.758333], [14.802778, -3.780556], [14.794444, -3.780556], [14.822222, -3.788889], [14.786111, -3.763889], [14.805556, -3.783333]]}",,,bib3297,yes -8172-speaker_number-1,8172,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The estimated total number of speakers ranges between 1,200 (Gordon, 2005) to 3000 (Blench & Dendo, 2005).",bib3297,yes -8172-speakers-1,8172,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The estimated total number of speakers ranges between 1,200 (Gordon, 2005) to 3000 (Blench & Dendo, 2005).",bib3297,yes +8172-location-1,8172,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali, Burkina Faso""], ""Description"": ""The language Bangime is spoken by seven villages located in the Cercle of Bandiagara, Commune of Kargue. These are specifically located at the following coordinates (North/West): Bounou (14:47:50/ 3:45:40), Bara (14:48:20/ 3:45:30), Nyana 6 (14:48:10 3:46:50), Digari (14:47:40/ 3:46:50), Doro (14:49:20/ 3:47:20), Dieni (14:47:10/ 3:45:50), and Due (14:48:20/ 3:47:00) (Hochstetler, et al., 2004). This lies in the north-west of the Dogon plateau, and the villages are reached by an unpaved road around 20km south-east of Konna, which is located on the main road between Sevar\u00e9 and Gao."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.797222, -3.761111], [14.805556, -3.758333], [14.802778, -3.780556], [14.794444, -3.780556], [14.822222, -3.788889], [14.786111, -3.763889], [14.805556, -3.783333]]}",,,bib3313,yes +8172-speaker_number-1,8172,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The estimated total number of speakers ranges between 1,200 (Gordon, 2005) to 3000 (Blench & Dendo, 2005).",bib3313,yes +8172-speakers-1,8172,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200-3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The estimated total number of speakers ranges between 1,200 (Gordon, 2005) to 3000 (Blench & Dendo, 2005).",bib3313,yes 8172-speakers-2,8172,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000 (Blench 2005)""}",,,bib67,no -8172-LEI-1,8172,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3297,yes -8172-vitality-1,8172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3297,yes -8194-location-1,8194,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ondo State, Akoko North LGA, Ikaram town"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.06, 5.09]]}",,,bib980,yes -8194-speaker_number-1,8194,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib980,yes -8194-speakers-1,8194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000-8000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib980,yes -8194-LEI-1,8194,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -8194-vitality-1,8194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes -8195-location-1,8195,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nasarawa State, Awe and Lafia LGAs"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.110174, 9.14293], [8.492577, 8.518839]]}",,,bib980,yes -8195-speaker_number-1,8195,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib980,yes -8195-speakers-1,8195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1953"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib980,yes +8172-LEI-1,8172,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3313,yes +8172-vitality-1,8172,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3313,yes +8194-location-1,8194,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Ondo State, Akoko North LGA, Ikaram town"", ""Coordinates"": [[7.06, 5.09]]}",,,bib984,yes +8194-speaker_number-1,8194,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib984,yes +8194-speakers-1,8194,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000-8000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib984,yes +8194-LEI-1,8194,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +8194-vitality-1,8194,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes +8195-location-1,8195,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Nasarawa State, Awe and Lafia LGAs"", ""Coordinates"": [[8.110174, 9.14293], [8.492577, 8.518839]]}",,,bib984,yes +8195-speaker_number-1,8195,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib984,yes +8195-speakers-1,8195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1953"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib984,yes 8195-speaker_number-2,8195,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 8195-speakers-2,8195,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""35,100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -8195-LEI-1,8195,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -8195-vitality-1,8195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes +8195-LEI-1,8195,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +8195-vitality-1,8195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes 8195-LEI-2,8195,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8195-vitality-2,8195,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8198-context-1,8198,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hezhou Mandarin; standard Mandarin""}",,Widespread bilingualism in local Chinese (Hezhou Mandarin); increasing knowledge of standard Mandarin Chinese,bib3680,yes -8198-location-1,8198,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Three villages in Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District (\u81e8\u590f\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5340), Gansu Province, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.806111, 102.772778]]}",,,bib3680,yes -8198-speaker_number-1,8198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but rapidly decreasing from below.",bib3680,yes -8198-speakers-1,8198,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but rapidly decreasing from below.",bib3680,yes -8198-LEI-1,8198,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3680,yes -8198-speaker_number_trends-1,8198,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3680,yes -8198-vitality-1,8198,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3680,yes +8198-context-1,8198,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Hezhou Mandarin; standard Mandarin""}",,Widespread bilingualism in local Chinese (Hezhou Mandarin); increasing knowledge of standard Mandarin Chinese,bib3699,yes +8198-location-1,8198,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Three villages in Jishishan Autonomous County of Linxia Hui Autonomous District (\u81e8\u590f\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5340), Gansu Province, China."", ""Coordinates"": [[35.806111, 102.772778]]}",,,bib3699,yes +8198-speaker_number-1,8198,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but rapidly decreasing from below.",bib3699,yes +8198-speakers-1,8198,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but rapidly decreasing from below.",bib3699,yes +8198-LEI-1,8198,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3699,yes +8198-speaker_number_trends-1,8198,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib3699,yes +8198-vitality-1,8198,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3699,yes 8199-context-1,8199,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""government business and education conducted in Tibetan and Mandarin""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Amdo Tibetan, Mandarin Chinese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""almost all, except the youngest children and some elderly women""}",,"The Bao’an speakers living in Tongren County do not have an ethnonym for themselves or their language. Many I spoke with have a vague idea that they have Mongolian heritage, but almost all self-identify as Tibetans—in spite of their official classification as members of the Tu nationality. -Tibetan is viewed by Bao’an Tu speakers as having higher status than Bao’an for many reasons: it has a long literary tradition while Bao’an has no writing system; it is the language of high religion; it has official status with the government (which among other things means jobs as translators); it is the language of educational opportunity; and it is the language of the more powerful majority in the area.",bib2762,yes -8199-context-2,8199,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese""}",,"Widespread adult bilingualism in local Amdo Tibetan; Languages of education: Tibetan and Chinese. Reasons of endangerment: small number of speakers, bilingualism, immigration, nearby urbanization",bib3680,no -8199-location-1,8199,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Tongren County, Huangnan Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Spoken in four villages located on fertile farmland in the broad Longwu river valley at an average elevation of 7,865 feet above sea level. Village names: Nianduhu, Guomare, Gasare, Bao'an Xiazhuang"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.32, 102.01], [35.34, 102.02], [35.36, 102.02], [35.39, 102.04]]}",,,bib2762,yes -8199-location-2,8199,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""four villages in the Tongren County of Qinghai Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.52111, 102.018333]]}",,,bib3680,no -8199-speaker_number-1,8199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2762,yes -8199-speakers-1,8199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2762,yes -8199-speaker_number-2,8199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic population for the whole Tu nationality* (*Note that the official Tu or ""Monguor"" nationality also comprises the speakers of Mongghul, Mongghuor, Mangghuer, Wutun, and Shaowa Tibetan - all of which are endangered - as well as large Chinese-speaking sections still classified as ""Tu""). Degree of endangerment: still vigorous, but increasingly threatened, imminently endangered",bib3680,no -8199-speakers-2,8199,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""240,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic population for the whole Tu nationality* (*Note that the official Tu or ""Monguor"" nationality also comprises the speakers of Mongghul, Mongghuor, Mangghuer, Wutun, and Shaowa Tibetan - all of which are endangered - as well as large Chinese-speaking sections still classified as ""Tu""). Degree of endangerment: still vigorous, but increasingly threatened, imminently endangered",bib3680,no -8199-LEI-1,8199,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2762,yes -8199-transmission-1,8199,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2762,yes -8199-domains_of_use-1,8199,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2762,yes -8199-speaker_number_trends-1,8199,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2762,yes -8199-vitality-1,8199,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2762,yes -8199-LEI-2,8199,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3680,no -8199-transmission-2,8199,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3680,no -8199-domains_of_use-2,8199,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3680,no -8199-speaker_number_trends-2,8199,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3680,no -8199-vitality-2,8199,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3680,no -8234-context-1,8234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol; Khamnigan Evenki; Standard Mongolian; Russian; Chinese""}",,"used as the community language at the oral level by all speakers, with Modern Written Mongolian as the literary language; grammatical and lexical interference from the latter is occasionally present in the speech of educated individuals",bib6475,no -8234-context-2,8234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian (Inner Mongolian standard) Chinese; Russian""}",,,bib3833,yes -8234-location-1,8234,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China"", ""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""the Onon-Argun region of Transbaikalia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.618, 123.2226]]}",,,bib6475,no -8234-location-2,8234,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.296, 119.797]]}",,,bib3833,yes -8234-speaker_number-1,8234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"ENDANGERED in Manchuria, POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia; the following data apply to the Manchurian group of speakers, who are today mainly confined within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China",bib6475,no -8234-speakers-1,8234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"ENDANGERED in Manchuria, POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia; the following data apply to the Manchurian group of speakers, who are today mainly confined within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China",bib6475,no -8234-speaker_number-2,8234,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3833,yes -8234-speakers-2,8234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3-4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3833,yes -8234-LEI-1,8234,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6475,no -8234-transmission-1,8234,transmission,1,transmission-1,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6475,no -8234-speaker_number_trends-1,8234,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6475,no -8234-vitality-1,8234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6475,no -8234-LEI-2,8234,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3833,yes -8234-transmission-2,8234,transmission,3,transmission-3,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3833,yes -8234-speaker_number_trends-2,8234,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3833,yes -8234-vitality-2,8234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3833,yes -8249-context-1,8249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, children"", ""among children"", ""to the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3359,no -8249-context-2,8249,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Khoekhoe is an official language of education"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"Nama and Damara people take on a negative stand against the formal use of their language. Khoekhoe speakers are reluctant to enroll their children in schools in which their language is employed as medium of instruction (Laurentius Davids, p.c.).",bib1243,yes -8249-context-3,8249,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Khoekhoe Radio Service, 30 hours per week""}",,Language used by Khoekhoe speaking parents towards their children [when both parents are Khoekhoe speakers]: Khoekhoe 78.6%%; Khoekhoe and Afrikaans 16.7%%; Afrikaans and English 4.7%%,bib5449,no -8249-context-4,8249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Setswana (School)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, Sekgalagadi, Afrikaans"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""85.8%% (Setswana)""}",,"In Namibia, where it is also known as known as Khoekhoegowab, it is recognized as one of the national languages... most minority languages in Botswana are fast shifting to Setswana as the speakers of urban Tshabong as the speakers want to be part of the mainstream national development and to identify themselves with modern life, wider communication, flow of information, education and job opportunities which are not available through minority languages... The Khosean language speakers are even more prone to shifting to Setswana, as their languages have traditionally been associated with low esteem, serfdom stigma and low socio-economic status... Setswana is also used extensively, especially in inter-ethnic communication in the Tshabong Village. There's also considerable code-switching and code-mixing between Nama and Setswana. Other languages are also used, but to a lesser extent... Setswana was, by far, the second best known language, learnt either through peer groups or at school... Nama... the language in which the respondents had most confidence, followed by Setswana. The other languages could only be used by some of the respondents in certain situations... Most Nama people in Tshabong were very positive towards their language and its transmission to the younger generation. Nearly half of them wanted their children to learn Nama exclusively. However, several wanted also Setswana, and some even English... Several respondents reported that they would prefer that their children learn and speak Nama at home and that they could learn other languages at school. In fact, some of them would have preferred to send their children to Nama medium schools if they were established... The majority of the respondents did not wish that all people in Tshabong village speak Setswana, the national language exclusively, for the reason that people should be free to speak their own languages... Nama... by far, the most dominant language of the Nama people in Tshabong. Setswana was used only in the wider circles as well as in areas where written mode was needed, such as in schools and public places. In terms of attitudes, the Nama people were very positive about their language. They were considerably conservative in its use and were keen to to transmit it to the younger generation... although the majority of the Nama wanted to integrate into the mainstream of Batswana, they wished to preserve their ethnic identity as Nama... there is a reasonably stable diglossic use of the minority an majority languages, in that the minority language (Nama) is used in intra-ethnic communication, while the majority language (Setswana) is used in inter-ethnic interaction... in recent years, the pressures of the majority language has began to infringe upon the intra-ethnic domains... there is substantial emotional attachment to Nama by its speakers, particularly among the older generation... Many people resent the current trend towards code-switching, code-mixing and massive borrowing from Setswana... The people are proud of their speech and have great esteem of its form, including the several clicks and other peculiarities... The speakers have great attachment to the language and would like to see it transmitted to the younger generation.",bib765,no -8249-location-1,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Ghanzi""}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Gachibana, Khisa, Maralaleng, Makopong, Maubelo, Omaweneno, Najane, Lokgwabe, Tsabong, Charles Hill, Tshane, D'kar, Ghanzi""",bib3359,no +Tibetan is viewed by Bao’an Tu speakers as having higher status than Bao’an for many reasons: it has a long literary tradition while Bao’an has no writing system; it is the language of high religion; it has official status with the government (which among other things means jobs as translators); it is the language of educational opportunity; and it is the language of the more powerful majority in the area.",bib2776,yes +8199-context-2,8199,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese""}",,"Widespread adult bilingualism in local Amdo Tibetan; Languages of education: Tibetan and Chinese. Reasons of endangerment: small number of speakers, bilingualism, immigration, nearby urbanization",bib3699,no +8199-location-1,8199,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Tongren County, Huangnan Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Spoken in four villages located on fertile farmland in the broad Longwu river valley at an average elevation of 7,865 feet above sea level. Village names: Nianduhu, Guomare, Gasare, Bao'an Xiazhuang"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.32, 102.01], [35.34, 102.02], [35.36, 102.02], [35.39, 102.04]]}",,,bib2776,yes +8199-location-2,8199,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""four villages in the Tongren County of Qinghai Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.52111, 102.018333]]}",,,bib3699,no +8199-speaker_number-1,8199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2776,yes +8199-speakers-1,8199,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2776,yes +8199-speaker_number-2,8199,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Ethnic population for the whole Tu nationality* (*Note that the official Tu or ""Monguor"" nationality also comprises the speakers of Mongghul, Mongghuor, Mangghuer, Wutun, and Shaowa Tibetan - all of which are endangered - as well as large Chinese-speaking sections still classified as ""Tu""). Degree of endangerment: still vigorous, but increasingly threatened, imminently endangered",bib3699,no +8199-speakers-2,8199,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""240,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Ethnic population for the whole Tu nationality* (*Note that the official Tu or ""Monguor"" nationality also comprises the speakers of Mongghul, Mongghuor, Mangghuer, Wutun, and Shaowa Tibetan - all of which are endangered - as well as large Chinese-speaking sections still classified as ""Tu""). Degree of endangerment: still vigorous, but increasingly threatened, imminently endangered",bib3699,no +8199-LEI-1,8199,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2776,yes +8199-transmission-1,8199,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2776,yes +8199-domains_of_use-1,8199,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2776,yes +8199-speaker_number_trends-1,8199,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2776,yes +8199-vitality-1,8199,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Many speak Bao’an in their homes and perhaps on the road with others whom they know are Bao’an speakers, but otherwise most of their business and religious life is conducted in Amdo Tibetan.",bib2776,yes +8199-LEI-2,8199,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3699,no +8199-transmission-2,8199,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3699,no +8199-domains_of_use-2,8199,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3699,no +8199-speaker_number_trends-2,8199,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3699,no +8199-vitality-2,8199,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Age structure of speakers: all generations, but decreasing from below",bib3699,no +8234-context-1,8234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Khamnigan Mongol; Khamnigan Evenki; Standard Mongolian; Russian; Chinese""}",,"used as the community language at the oral level by all speakers, with Modern Written Mongolian as the literary language; grammatical and lexical interference from the latter is occasionally present in the speech of educated individuals",bib6499,no +8234-context-2,8234,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian (Inner Mongolian standard) Chinese; Russian""}",,,bib3852,yes +8234-location-1,8234,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia"", ""China"", ""Mongolia""], ""Description"": ""the Onon-Argun region of Transbaikalia"", ""Coordinates"": [[51.618, 123.2226]]}",,,bib6499,no +8234-location-2,8234,location,"{""Places"": [""Mongolia"", ""China"", ""Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[49.296, 119.797]]}",,,bib3852,yes +8234-speaker_number-1,8234,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"ENDANGERED in Manchuria, POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia; the following data apply to the Manchurian group of speakers, who are today mainly confined within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China",bib6499,no +8234-speakers-1,8234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1600"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"ENDANGERED in Manchuria, POSSIBLY EXTINCT in Mongolia and Siberia; the following data apply to the Manchurian group of speakers, who are today mainly confined within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China",bib6499,no +8234-speaker_number-2,8234,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3852,yes +8234-speakers-2,8234,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3-4000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3852,yes +8234-LEI-1,8234,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6499,no +8234-transmission-1,8234,transmission,1,transmission-1,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6499,no +8234-speaker_number_trends-1,8234,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6499,no +8234-vitality-1,8234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"still learnt consistently by almost all children as either the first language (in monolingual families) or as the community language (in families bilingual in Khamnigan Mongol and Khamnigan Evenki); although vigorous for the moment, the survival of Khamnigan Mongol in the long run is threatened by the increasing influx of Han Chinese settlers; both Chinese and Standard Mongolian are also present via the networks of radio and television as well as in the form of printed material",bib6499,no +8234-LEI-2,8234,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3852,yes +8234-transmission-2,8234,transmission,3,transmission-3,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3852,yes +8234-speaker_number_trends-2,8234,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3852,yes +8234-vitality-2,8234,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the younger generation has gone over (in the last 20 years) to using regular Mongolian (the Inner Mongolian standard, or the Khorchin dialect).",bib3852,yes +8249-context-1,8249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""With spouse, children"", ""among children"", ""to the chief, clinic workers""]}",,,bib3376,no +8249-context-2,8249,context,"{""Government Support"": ""Khoekhoe is an official language of education"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,"Nama and Damara people take on a negative stand against the formal use of their language. Khoekhoe speakers are reluctant to enroll their children in schools in which their language is employed as medium of instruction (Laurentius Davids, p.c.).",bib1252,yes +8249-context-3,8249,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, English"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Khoekhoe Radio Service, 30 hours per week""}",,Language used by Khoekhoe speaking parents towards their children [when both parents are Khoekhoe speakers]: Khoekhoe 78.6%%; Khoekhoe and Afrikaans 16.7%%; Afrikaans and English 4.7%%,bib5472,no +8249-context-4,8249,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Setswana (School)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Setswana, English, Sekgalagadi, Afrikaans"", ""Government Support"": ""Yes"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""85.8%% (Setswana)""}",,"In Namibia, where it is also known as known as Khoekhoegowab, it is recognized as one of the national languages... most minority languages in Botswana are fast shifting to Setswana as the speakers of urban Tshabong as the speakers want to be part of the mainstream national development and to identify themselves with modern life, wider communication, flow of information, education and job opportunities which are not available through minority languages... The Khosean language speakers are even more prone to shifting to Setswana, as their languages have traditionally been associated with low esteem, serfdom stigma and low socio-economic status... Setswana is also used extensively, especially in inter-ethnic communication in the Tshabong Village. There's also considerable code-switching and code-mixing between Nama and Setswana. Other languages are also used, but to a lesser extent... Setswana was, by far, the second best known language, learnt either through peer groups or at school... Nama... the language in which the respondents had most confidence, followed by Setswana. The other languages could only be used by some of the respondents in certain situations... Most Nama people in Tshabong were very positive towards their language and its transmission to the younger generation. Nearly half of them wanted their children to learn Nama exclusively. However, several wanted also Setswana, and some even English... Several respondents reported that they would prefer that their children learn and speak Nama at home and that they could learn other languages at school. In fact, some of them would have preferred to send their children to Nama medium schools if they were established... The majority of the respondents did not wish that all people in Tshabong village speak Setswana, the national language exclusively, for the reason that people should be free to speak their own languages... Nama... by far, the most dominant language of the Nama people in Tshabong. Setswana was used only in the wider circles as well as in areas where written mode was needed, such as in schools and public places. In terms of attitudes, the Nama people were very positive about their language. They were considerably conservative in its use and were keen to to transmit it to the younger generation... although the majority of the Nama wanted to integrate into the mainstream of Batswana, they wished to preserve their ethnic identity as Nama... there is a reasonably stable diglossic use of the minority an majority languages, in that the minority language (Nama) is used in intra-ethnic communication, while the majority language (Setswana) is used in inter-ethnic interaction... in recent years, the pressures of the majority language has began to infringe upon the intra-ethnic domains... there is substantial emotional attachment to Nama by its speakers, particularly among the older generation... Many people resent the current trend towards code-switching, code-mixing and massive borrowing from Setswana... The people are proud of their speech and have great esteem of its form, including the several clicks and other peculiarities... The speakers have great attachment to the language and would like to see it transmitted to the younger generation.",bib769,no +8249-location-1,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana""], ""Description"": ""Kgalagadi, Ghanzi""}",,"Villages, settlements, and towns: ""Gachibana, Khisa, Maralaleng, Makopong, Maubelo, Omaweneno, Najane, Lokgwabe, Tsabong, Charles Hill, Tshane, D'kar, Ghanzi""",bib3376,no 8249-location-2,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""South Africa"", ""Botswana"", ""Namibia""]}",,,bib67,no -8249-location-3,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Namibia""]}",,,bib4847,no -8249-location-4,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Botswana"", ""South Africa""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.313721, 14.968872], [-22.654572, 17.017822], [-28.352734, 16.864014], [-19.414792, 17.896729]]}",,Namibia (200000 [speakers]); RSA (2000); Botswana (few),bib1243,yes -8249-location-5,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands 175,000 speakers, hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... Nama is also spoken in Botswana. The speakers of Nama in Botswana are said to have settled in what is now south-western Botswana... after being forced to migrate from Namibia during the Namibian War... The Nama who came to Tshabong village were settled mainly in Matlhatlaganyane Ward, in the northern part of the village. The Ward is now popularly known as the Nama Ward.""}",,"There are probably several hundreds of Nama speakers along the southern Botswana - Namibian border and in and around Tshabong. Some of the Nama speakers are, in fact, originally Ovaherero speakers who adopted Nama when settling in the area.",bib765,no -8249-speakers-1,8249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""840-1,090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3359,no +8249-location-3,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Northern Namibia""]}",,,bib4869,no +8249-location-4,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia"", ""Botswana"", ""South Africa""], ""Coordinates"": [[-20.313721, 14.968872], [-22.654572, 17.017822], [-28.352734, 16.864014], [-19.414792, 17.896729]]}",,Namibia (200000 [speakers]); RSA (2000); Botswana (few),bib1252,yes +8249-location-5,8249,location,"{""Places"": [""Namibia, Botswana""], ""Description"": ""It is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands 175,000 speakers, hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... Nama is also spoken in Botswana. The speakers of Nama in Botswana are said to have settled in what is now south-western Botswana... after being forced to migrate from Namibia during the Namibian War... The Nama who came to Tshabong village were settled mainly in Matlhatlaganyane Ward, in the northern part of the village. The Ward is now popularly known as the Nama Ward.""}",,"There are probably several hundreds of Nama speakers along the southern Botswana - Namibian border and in and around Tshabong. Some of the Nama speakers are, in fact, originally Ovaherero speakers who adopted Nama when settling in the area.",bib769,no +8249-speakers-1,8249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""840-1,090"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995-1999""}",,,bib3376,no 8249-speaker_number-2,8249,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 8249-speakers-2,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000 in Namibia (2006). Population total all countries: 251,100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -8249-speakers-3,8249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000 (Hai//om only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992""}",,"Barnarb (1992, p 214) estimates the Hai//om population as approximately 11,000 people, while Haacke (1990, p 398) estimates approximately 'a few hundred people.'",bib4847,no -8249-speaker_number-4,8249,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1243,yes -8249-speakers-4,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""190,000-210,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1243,yes -8249-speaker_number-5,8249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nama... is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands a population of about 175,000 speakers (if combined with Damara), hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... the Nama language is so strong in Tshabong that it has attracted second language speakers.",bib765,no -8249-speakers-5,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Yes""}",,"Nama... is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands a population of about 175,000 speakers (if combined with Damara), hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... the Nama language is so strong in Tshabong that it has attracted second language speakers.",bib765,no +8249-speakers-3,8249,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000 (Hai//om only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992""}",,"Barnarb (1992, p 214) estimates the Hai//om population as approximately 11,000 people, while Haacke (1990, p 398) estimates approximately 'a few hundred people.'",bib4869,no +8249-speaker_number-4,8249,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib1252,yes +8249-speakers-4,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""190,000-210,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib1252,yes +8249-speaker_number-5,8249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Nama... is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands a population of about 175,000 speakers (if combined with Damara), hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... the Nama language is so strong in Tshabong that it has attracted second language speakers.",bib769,no +8249-speakers-5,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""175,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Yes""}",,"Nama... is spoken mainly in Namibia where it commands a population of about 175,000 speakers (if combined with Damara), hence making it demographically the most important Khoesan language... the Nama language is so strong in Tshabong that it has attracted second language speakers.",bib769,no 8249-speaker_number-6,8249,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 8249-speakers-6,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""233,701"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no -8249-speaker_number-7,8249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the official census there were 7,506 Hai//om speakers living in northern Namibia in 1991 but as with all figures on people and languages of low reputation this count is not very reliable.",bib3660,no -8249-speakers-7,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,506 (Hai//om variety only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the official census there were 7,506 Hai//om speakers living in northern Namibia in 1991 but as with all figures on people and languages of low reputation this count is not very reliable.",bib3660,no -8249-LEI-1,8249,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3359,no -8249-domains_of_use-1,8249,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3359,no -8249-vitality-1,8249,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3359,no +8249-speaker_number-7,8249,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the official census there were 7,506 Hai//om speakers living in northern Namibia in 1991 but as with all figures on people and languages of low reputation this count is not very reliable.",bib3679,no +8249-speakers-7,8249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,506 (Hai//om variety only)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1991"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the official census there were 7,506 Hai//om speakers living in northern Namibia in 1991 but as with all figures on people and languages of low reputation this count is not very reliable.",bib3679,no +8249-LEI-1,8249,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3376,no +8249-domains_of_use-1,8249,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3376,no +8249-vitality-1,8249,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3376,no 8249-LEI-2,8249,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8249-vitality-2,8249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8249-LEI-3,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1243,yes -8249-domains_of_use-3,8249,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1243,yes -8249-vitality-3,8249,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1243,yes -8249-LEI-4,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5449,no -8249-transmission-4,8249,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5449,no -8249-vitality-4,8249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5449,no -8249-LEI-5,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib765,no -8249-transmission-5,8249,transmission,1,transmission-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib765,no -8249-domains_of_use-5,8249,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib765,no -8249-speaker_number_trends-5,8249,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib765,no -8249-vitality-5,8249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib765,no +8249-LEI-3,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1252,yes +8249-domains_of_use-3,8249,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1252,yes +8249-vitality-3,8249,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Khoekhoe is well documented and receives official recognition as a language of instruction in the Namibian educational system. Despite these facts, Wilfrid Haacke and Eliphas Eiseb consider even this by far largest Khoisan language to be an 'endangered language' (Haacke & Eiseb 2002:iii).",bib1252,yes +8249-LEI-4,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5472,no +8249-transmission-4,8249,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5472,no +8249-vitality-4,8249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5472,no +8249-LEI-5,8249,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib769,no +8249-transmission-5,8249,transmission,1,transmission-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib769,no +8249-domains_of_use-5,8249,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib769,no +8249-speaker_number_trends-5,8249,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib769,no +8249-vitality-5,8249,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"...Nama language dominates in the daily activities of the Matlhatlaganyane Ward. It is used in the family and intra-ethnic interaction... the majority affirmed to speak Nama not only most fluently but also most often. It was also the language that they knew best... Most parents spoke to their children in Nama, and they expected their children to respond in Nama... the Nama people in Tshabong still displayed considerable resistance and remarkable vitality to language shift, despite the urban pressures of the Tshabong village and their relatively small number... there is a considerable success in the learning of the mother-tongue by Nama children.The parents are keen to ensure that their children master well their language and that the children are enthusiastic about their language. The children, on their part, are usually eager to know their mother-tongue. Setswana is still learnt mainly at school.",bib769,no 8249-LEI-6,8249,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8249-vitality-6,8249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8249-LEI-7,8249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3660,no -8249-vitality-7,8249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3660,no +8249-LEI-7,8249,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3679,no +8249-vitality-7,8249,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3679,no 8329-location-1,8329,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; Ndao island, off western tip of Rote island; other settlements scattered on Rote and Timor islands."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.82, 122.67]]}",,,bib69,no -8329-speaker_number-1,8329,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Total number of Dhao is 5,000, including those in West Timor. Perhaps only 3,000 speak the language.",bib550,yes -8329-speakers-1,8329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Total number of Dhao is 5,000, including those in West Timor. Perhaps only 3,000 speak the language.",bib550,yes +8329-speaker_number-1,8329,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Total number of Dhao is 5,000, including those in West Timor. Perhaps only 3,000 speak the language.",bib553,yes +8329-speakers-1,8329,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Total number of Dhao is 5,000, including those in West Timor. Perhaps only 3,000 speak the language.",bib553,yes 8329-speaker_number-2,8329,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(A. Ranoh),bib69,no 8329-speakers-2,8329,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Used as L2 by Helong [heg].""}",,(A. Ranoh),bib69,no -8329-LEI-1,8329,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib550,yes -8329-vitality-1,8329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib550,yes +8329-LEI-1,8329,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib553,yes +8329-vitality-1,8329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib553,yes 8329-LEI-2,8329,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 8329-vitality-2,8329,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 8330-location-1,8330,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Alor island, central eastern mountains, between Kamang [woi] and Sawila [swt] language areas; also on northeast coast, Maukuru, Takala, Koilela, Peisaka, and Kiralela villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.2, 125.0]]}",,,bib69,no -8330-speaker_number-1,8330,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib550,yes -8330-speakers-1,8330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib550,yes +8330-speaker_number-1,8330,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib553,yes +8330-speakers-1,8330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib553,yes 8330-speaker_number-2,8330,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,no 8330-speakers-2,8330,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,no -8330-LEI-1,8330,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Marginalised,bib550,yes -8330-transmission-1,8330,transmission,0,transmission-0,Marginalised,bib550,yes -8330-vitality-1,8330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Marginalised,bib550,yes +8330-LEI-1,8330,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Marginalised,bib553,yes +8330-transmission-1,8330,transmission,0,transmission-0,Marginalised,bib553,yes +8330-vitality-1,8330,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Marginalised,bib553,yes 8330-LEI-2,8330,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 8330-vitality-2,8330,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 8349-location-1,8349,location,"{""Places"": [""Poland""]}",,,bib168,yes @@ -63472,66 +63676,66 @@ Tibetan is viewed by Bao’an Tu speakers as having higher status than Bao’an 8349-vitality-1,8349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib168,yes 8349-LEI-2,8349,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8349-vitality-2,8349,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8369-context-1,8369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyagrong Kham Tibetan, Sichuan Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib7131,no -8369-context-2,8369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyagrong Kham Tibetan, Sichuan Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7533,yes -8369-location-1,8369,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xinlong (Nyagrong) County, Sichuan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.833856, 100.159607]]}",,,bib7533,yes -8369-speaker_number-1,8369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7131,no -8369-speakers-1,8369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7131,no -8369-speaker_number-2,8369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7533,yes -8369-speakers-2,8369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7533,yes -8369-LEI-1,8369,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7131,no -8369-vitality-1,8369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7131,no -8369-LEI-2,8369,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7533,yes -8369-transmission-2,8369,transmission,0,transmission-0,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7533,yes -8369-domains_of_use-2,8369,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7533,yes -8369-speaker_number_trends-2,8369,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7533,yes -8369-vitality-2,8369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7533,yes +8369-context-1,8369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyagrong Kham Tibetan, Sichuan Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib7155,no +8369-context-2,8369,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nyagrong Kham Tibetan, Sichuan Mandarin"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib7558,yes +8369-location-1,8369,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xinlong (Nyagrong) County, Sichuan Province"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.833856, 100.159607]]}",,,bib7558,yes +8369-speaker_number-1,8369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7155,no +8369-speakers-1,8369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7155,no +8369-speaker_number-2,8369,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7558,yes +8369-speakers-2,8369,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2012"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7558,yes +8369-LEI-1,8369,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7155,no +8369-vitality-1,8369,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7155,no +8369-LEI-2,8369,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7558,yes +8369-transmission-2,8369,transmission,0,transmission-0,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7558,yes +8369-domains_of_use-2,8369,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7558,yes +8369-speaker_number_trends-2,8369,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7558,yes +8369-vitality-2,8369,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Manchi dialect may be more at risk than the Bomei dialect. Possible relocation of all speakers may be imminent because of a proposed dam project on the Yalong River.,bib7558,yes 8390-location-1,8390,location,"{""Places"": [""Oregon, south coast""], ""Coordinates"": [[42.653122, -124.358941]]}",,,bib70,no -8390-location-2,8390,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,Oregon: Coos Bay,bib5217,yes +8390-location-2,8390,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oregon""]}",,Oregon: Coos Bay,bib5240,yes 8390-speakers-1,8390,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known L1 speakers"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,No speakers by the 1970s,bib70,no -8390-speakers-2,8390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib5217,yes +8390-speakers-2,8390,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8""}",,,bib5240,yes 8390-LEI-1,8390,LEI,Awakening (),,"Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw have a language program.",bib70,no 8390-vitality-1,8390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw have a language program.",bib70,no -8390-LEI-2,8390,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,yes -8390-vitality-2,8390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,yes -8409-context-1,8409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Korean"", ""Government Support"": ""Jeju Ministry of Education"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Jeju Preservation Society""}",,"The Jeju Ministry of Education has released 8 online textbooks for elementary and middle schools. Various children’s storybooks have been published in Jejueo, and some newspapers publish Jejueo dialogues and Jejueo novels in serial form. In addition, the Jejueo Preservation Society publishes a bimonthly magazine in Jejueo. Two radio stations broadcast programs that include some Jejueo conversation. One elementary school on Jeju Island has been officially designated by the Jeju Island Ministry of Education as a laboratory (demonstration) school for teaching Jejueo.",bib7966,yes -8409-location-1,8409,location,"{""Places"": [""South Korea""], ""Description"": ""Jeju Island, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.3671, 126.4974]]}",,,bib5307,no -8409-location-2,8409,location,"{""Places"": [""South Korea""], ""Description"": ""Jejueo is spoken primarily on Jeju Island (33\u00b022'N 126\u00b032'E) in Korea. It is also used by some ethnic Koreans in the Osaka area of Japan, who fled there in the late 1940s and early 1950s at a time of harsh military suppression on Jeju Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[33.366667, 126.533333]]}",,,bib7966,yes -8409-speaker_number-1,8409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Nearly all speakers are above 70 years of age.,bib5307,no -8409-speakers-1,8409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Nearly all speakers are above 70 years of age.,bib5307,no -8409-speaker_number-2,8409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7966,yes -8409-speakers-2,8409,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7966,yes -8409-LEI-1,8409,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8409-transmission-1,8409,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5307,no -8409-vitality-1,8409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5307,no -8409-LEI-2,8409,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7966,yes -8409-transmission-2,8409,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7966,yes -8409-domains_of_use-2,8409,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7966,yes -8409-vitality-2,8409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7966,yes -841-location-1,841,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a handful of villages in the Niger Delta, approximately 70 km southeast of Port Harcourt."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.561549, 7.473342]]}",,,bib5471,yes -841-speaker_number-1,841,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,These numbers are liberal estimates; the actual number of speakers may be even less.,bib5471,yes -841-speakers-1,841,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,These numbers are liberal estimates; the actual number of speakers may be even less.,bib5471,yes +8390-LEI-2,8390,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,yes +8390-vitality-2,8390,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,yes +8409-context-1,8409,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Korean"", ""Government Support"": ""Jeju Ministry of Education"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Jeju Preservation Society""}",,"The Jeju Ministry of Education has released 8 online textbooks for elementary and middle schools. Various children’s storybooks have been published in Jejueo, and some newspapers publish Jejueo dialogues and Jejueo novels in serial form. In addition, the Jejueo Preservation Society publishes a bimonthly magazine in Jejueo. Two radio stations broadcast programs that include some Jejueo conversation. One elementary school on Jeju Island has been officially designated by the Jeju Island Ministry of Education as a laboratory (demonstration) school for teaching Jejueo.",bib7991,yes +8409-location-1,8409,location,"{""Places"": [""South Korea""], ""Description"": ""Jeju Island, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea"", ""Coordinates"": [[33.3671, 126.4974]]}",,,bib5330,no +8409-location-2,8409,location,"{""Places"": [""South Korea""], ""Description"": ""Jejueo is spoken primarily on Jeju Island (33\u00b022'N 126\u00b032'E) in Korea. It is also used by some ethnic Koreans in the Osaka area of Japan, who fled there in the late 1940s and early 1950s at a time of harsh military suppression on Jeju Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[33.366667, 126.533333]]}",,,bib7991,yes +8409-speaker_number-1,8409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Nearly all speakers are above 70 years of age.,bib5330,no +8409-speakers-1,8409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Nearly all speakers are above 70 years of age.,bib5330,no +8409-speaker_number-2,8409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7991,yes +8409-speakers-2,8409,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""600,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000-10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7991,yes +8409-LEI-1,8409,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8409-transmission-1,8409,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5330,no +8409-vitality-1,8409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5330,no +8409-LEI-2,8409,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7991,yes +8409-transmission-2,8409,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7991,yes +8409-domains_of_use-2,8409,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7991,yes +8409-vitality-2,8409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Jejueo is used primarily in informal settings (e.g., in the home), largely by elderly speakers with a strong sense of ethnolinguistic identity. Moreover, here is reason to believe that many people born and raised on Jeju Island speak a colloquial variety of Korean that is in fact a mixed language that draws mostly on Korean but includes some Jejueo as well.",bib7991,yes +841-location-1,841,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a handful of villages in the Niger Delta, approximately 70 km southeast of Port Harcourt."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.561549, 7.473342]]}",,,bib5494,yes +841-speaker_number-1,841,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,These numbers are liberal estimates; the actual number of speakers may be even less.,bib5494,yes +841-speakers-1,841,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,These numbers are liberal estimates; the actual number of speakers may be even less.,bib5494,yes 841-speaker_number-2,841,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from UBS (1989).,bib67,no 841-speakers-2,841,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,550"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from UBS (1989).,bib67,no -841-LEI-1,841,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5471,yes -841-vitality-1,841,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5471,yes +841-LEI-1,841,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5494,yes +841-vitality-1,841,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5494,yes 841-LEI-2,841,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 841-vitality-2,841,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 842-context-1,842,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,,bib67,no -842-location-1,842,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas State. Near the border of Mexico.""}",,,bib2790,no -842-location-2,842,location,"{""Places"": [""Chiapas state, Mexico""]}",,,bib2791,yes +842-location-1,842,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas State. Near the border of Mexico.""}",,,bib2804,no +842-location-2,842,location,"{""Places"": [""Chiapas state, Mexico""]}",,,bib2805,yes 842-location-3,842,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.3333333333, -91.5]]}",,,bib216,no 842-location-4,842,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Chiapas, Margaritas, Altamirano""}",,,bib67,no -842-speaker_number-1,842,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000-35,000 speakers",bib2790,no -842-speakers-1,842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000-35,000 speakers",bib2790,no -842-speaker_number-2,842,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2791,yes -842-speakers-2,842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2791,yes +842-speaker_number-1,842,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"30,000-35,000 speakers",bib2804,no +842-speakers-1,842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"30,000-35,000 speakers",bib2804,no +842-speaker_number-2,842,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib2805,yes +842-speakers-2,842,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib2805,yes 842-speaker_number-3,842,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Speaker number data: 1990 census. 7,700 monolinguals.",bib67,no 842-speakers-3,842,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""36,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Speaker number data: 1990 census. 7,700 monolinguals.",bib67,no -842-LEI-1,842,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2790,no -842-vitality-1,842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2790,no -842-LEI-2,842,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2791,yes -842-vitality-2,842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2791,yes +842-LEI-1,842,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2804,no +842-vitality-1,842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2804,no +842-LEI-2,842,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2805,yes +842-vitality-2,842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2805,yes 842-LEI-3,842,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 842-vitality-3,842,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8429-location-1,8429,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.510846, -75.787601]]}",,,bib162,no @@ -63540,108 +63744,108 @@ Tibetan is viewed by Bao’an Tu speakers as having higher status than Bao’an 8429-speakers-1,8429,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""98,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"83,700 in United States (2000 census), increasing. Population total all countries: 98,700. Ethnic population: 200,000 (Kloss and McConnell 1978)",bib67,yes 8429-LEI-1,8429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 8429-vitality-1,8429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,yes -843-context-1,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3013,no +843-context-1,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3027,no 843-context-2,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Cajun French, English, some Alabama, Choctaw"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,"More in Louisiana than Texas. Use decreased until the last decade. Fewer than 10 primary school-age speakers. Home, religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. A few have more proficiency in Cajun French [frc] than in English. Also use Alabama [akz], Choctaw [cho], English [eng]. Used as L2 by Alabama [akz].",bib67,no -843-context-3,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4507,no -843-context-4,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3356,yes -843-location-1,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""]}",,,bib3013,no +843-context-3,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4528,no +843-context-4,843,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib3373,yes +843-location-1,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""]}",,,bib3027,no 843-location-2,843,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[34.8333333333, -85.1666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 843-location-3,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""], ""Description"": ""Louisiana, Texas: Near Elton, Louisiana, Koasati Reservation; near Livingston, TX, Alabama-Koasati Reservation""}",,,bib67,no -843-location-4,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""]}",,,bib4507,no -843-location-5,843,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7155, -94.6965]]}",,,bib5307,no -843-location-6,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""], ""Description"": ""majority live on or near the Coushatta Reservation outside Elton, Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.083333, -92.116667], [30.709444, -94.934444]]}",,,bib3356,yes -843-speaker_number-1,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The language is spoken in two locations: by approximately 25% of the 900 enrolled members within the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana and by another small group of members of the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas. The language is endangered in both communities. A few individuals in their twenties understand the language and can converse, but regular use of the language is common only among those over the age of 50.",bib3013,no -843-speakers-1,843,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""those over 50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""240?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The language is spoken in two locations: by approximately 25% of the 900 enrolled members within the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana and by another small group of members of the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas. The language is endangered in both communities. A few individuals in their twenties understand the language and can converse, but regular use of the language is common only among those over the age of 50.",bib3013,no +843-location-4,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""]}",,,bib4528,no +843-location-5,843,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[30.7155, -94.6965]]}",,,bib5330,no +843-location-6,843,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Louisiana, Texas""], ""Description"": ""majority live on or near the Coushatta Reservation outside Elton, Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[30.083333, -92.116667], [30.709444, -94.934444]]}",,,bib3373,yes +843-speaker_number-1,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"The language is spoken in two locations: by approximately 25% of the 900 enrolled members within the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana and by another small group of members of the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas. The language is endangered in both communities. A few individuals in their twenties understand the language and can converse, but regular use of the language is common only among those over the age of 50.",bib3027,no +843-speakers-1,843,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""those over 50"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""240?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"The language is spoken in two locations: by approximately 25% of the 900 enrolled members within the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana and by another small group of members of the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas. The language is endangered in both communities. A few individuals in their twenties understand the language and can converse, but regular use of the language is common only among those over the age of 50.",bib3027,no 843-speaker_number-2,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"200 (2000 SIL), decreasing. Ethnic population: 224 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no 843-speakers-2,843,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""224"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"200 (2000 SIL), decreasing. Ethnic population: 224 (2000 census). (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,no -843-speaker_number-3,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4507,no -843-speakers-3,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4507,no -843-speaker_number-4,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -843-speakers-4,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -843-speaker_number-5,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3356,yes -843-speakers-5,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3356,yes +843-speaker_number-3,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib4528,no +843-speakers-3,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<170"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib4528,no +843-speaker_number-4,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +843-speakers-4,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +843-speaker_number-5,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3373,yes +843-speakers-5,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3373,yes 843-speaker_number-6,843,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 843-speakers-6,843,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -843-LEI-1,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3013,no -843-transmission-1,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3013,no -843-domains_of_use-1,843,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3013,no -843-speaker_number_trends-1,843,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3013,no -843-vitality-1,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3013,no +843-LEI-1,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3027,no +843-transmission-1,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3027,no +843-domains_of_use-1,843,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib3027,no +843-speaker_number_trends-1,843,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib3027,no +843-vitality-1,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib3027,no 843-LEI-2,843,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Fewer than 10 primary school-age speakers. Home, religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. A few have more proficiency in Cajun French [frc] than in English. Also use Alabama [akz], Choctaw [cho], English [eng]. Used as L2 by Alabama [akz].",bib67,no 843-transmission-2,843,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Fewer than 10 primary school-age speakers. Home, religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. A few have more proficiency in Cajun French [frc] than in English. Also use Alabama [akz], Choctaw [cho], English [eng]. Used as L2 by Alabama [akz].",bib67,no 843-speaker_number_trends-2,843,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Fewer than 10 primary school-age speakers. Home, religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. A few have more proficiency in Cajun French [frc] than in English. Also use Alabama [akz], Choctaw [cho], English [eng]. Used as L2 by Alabama [akz].",bib67,no 843-vitality-2,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Fewer than 10 primary school-age speakers. Home, religious services. Mainly adults. Positive attitudes. A few have more proficiency in Cajun French [frc] than in English. Also use Alabama [akz], Choctaw [cho], English [eng]. Used as L2 by Alabama [akz].",bib67,no -843-LEI-3,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4507,no -843-transmission-3,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib4507,no -843-vitality-3,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4507,no -843-LEI-4,843,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -843-vitality-4,843,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -843-LEI-5,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3356,yes -843-transmission-5,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3356,yes -843-vitality-5,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3356,yes +843-LEI-3,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4528,no +843-transmission-3,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib4528,no +843-vitality-3,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib4528,no +843-LEI-4,843,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +843-vitality-4,843,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +843-LEI-5,843,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3373,yes +843-transmission-5,843,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3373,yes +843-vitality-5,843,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib3373,yes 843-LEI-6,843,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 843-vitality-6,843,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 845-context-1,845,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 845-location-1,845,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[64.0, -161.0]]}",,,bib216,no 845-location-2,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Delta area, Nunivak Island, Unalakleet to Bristol Bay coast to Unalakleet on Norton Sound; inland along Nushagak, Kuskokwim, and Yukon rivers. Cup\u2019ik used in Chevak, Alaska.""}",,,bib67,no 845-location-3,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"Alaska: Delta area, Nunivak Island, Unalakleet to Bristol Bay coast to Unalakleet on Norton Sound; inland along Kuskokwim, Nushagak, and Yukon rivers; Chevak (Cup’ik dialect).",bib70,no -845-location-4,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.8889, -166.289]]}",,,bib5307,no -845-location-5,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5217,no -845-location-6,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1574,yes -845-location-7,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[61.4387, -160.4882], [59.8889, -166.289]]}",,,bib1709,no -845-location-8,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib5309,no +845-location-4,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.8889, -166.289]]}",,,bib5330,no +845-location-5,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib5240,no +845-location-6,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib1586,yes +845-location-7,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""], ""Coordinates"": [[61.4387, -160.4882], [59.8889, -166.289]]}",,,bib1721,no +845-location-8,845,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Alaska""]}",,,bib5332,no 845-speaker_number-1,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 845-speakers-1,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no 845-speaker_number-2,845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"10,000 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 25,000 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no 845-speakers-2,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"10,000 (Dorais 2010), ethnic population 25,000 (Dorais 2010).",bib70,no -845-speaker_number-3,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -845-speakers-3,845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -845-speaker_number-4,845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5217,no -845-speakers-4,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5217,no -845-speaker_number-5,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1574,yes -845-speakers-5,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1574,yes +845-speaker_number-3,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +845-speakers-3,845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +845-speaker_number-4,845,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5240,no +845-speakers-4,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5240,no +845-speaker_number-5,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1586,yes +845-speakers-5,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1586,yes 845-speaker_number-6,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 845-speakers-6,845,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -845-speaker_number-7,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5309,no -845-speakers-7,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5309,no +845-speaker_number-7,845,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5332,no +845-speakers-7,845,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5332,no 845-LEI-1,845,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib67,no 845-vitality-1,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib67,no 845-LEI-2,845,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib70,no 845-transmission-2,845,transmission,1,transmission-1,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib70,no 845-speaker_number_trends-2,845,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib70,no 845-vitality-2,845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Still acquired by children in 17 of 68 villages. All ages,bib70,no -845-LEI-3,845,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -845-vitality-3,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -845-LEI-4,845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -845-vitality-4,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5217,no -845-LEI-5,845,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1574,yes -845-transmission-5,845,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1574,yes -845-speaker_number_trends-5,845,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1574,yes -845-vitality-5,845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1574,yes +845-LEI-3,845,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +845-vitality-3,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +845-LEI-4,845,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +845-vitality-4,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5240,no +845-LEI-5,845,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1586,yes +845-transmission-5,845,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib1586,yes +845-speaker_number_trends-5,845,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib1586,yes +845-vitality-5,845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib1586,yes 845-LEI-6,845,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 845-vitality-6,845,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -845-LEI-7,845,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5309,no -845-transmission-7,845,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5309,no -845-domains_of_use-7,845,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5309,no -845-speaker_number_trends-7,845,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5309,no -845-vitality-7,845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5309,no +845-LEI-7,845,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5332,no +845-transmission-7,845,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib5332,no +845-domains_of_use-7,845,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib5332,no +845-speaker_number_trends-7,845,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,,bib5332,no +845-vitality-7,845,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib5332,no 8450-context-1,8450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,,bib69,yes -8450-context-2,8450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,Speakers from different dialects often communicate via Malay.,bib1653,no +8450-context-2,8450,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Malay""}",,Speakers from different dialects often communicate via Malay.,bib1665,no 8450-location-1,8450,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; Rote island west coast, Dela and Oe Nale domains.""}",,,bib69,yes -8450-location-2,8450,location,"{""Description"": ""Rote Island southwest of Timor and on adjacent Timor Island around Kupang Bay and eastern Semau Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.7663218, 123.0741913]]}",,,bib1653,no +8450-location-2,8450,location,"{""Description"": ""Rote Island southwest of Timor and on adjacent Timor Island around Kupang Bay and eastern Semau Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.7663218, 123.0741913]]}",,,bib1665,no 8450-speaker_number-1,8450,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(2002 UKAW),bib69,yes 8450-speakers-1,8450,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(2002 UKAW),bib69,yes -8450-speakers-2,8450,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1997""}",,"Significant linguistic blockages to intelligibility among 'dialects', and attitudes which hinder acceptance of other 'dialects', but social factors favor considering them one. Phonological variations between dialects include /nd - d - r - l/ and /k - ? - zero/.",bib1653,no +8450-speakers-2,8450,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1997""}",,"Significant linguistic blockages to intelligibility among 'dialects', and attitudes which hinder acceptance of other 'dialects', but social factors favor considering them one. Phonological variations between dialects include /nd - d - r - l/ and /k - ? - zero/.",bib1665,no 8450-LEI-1,8450,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib69,yes 8450-transmission-1,8450,transmission,0,transmission-0,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib69,yes 8450-domains_of_use-1,8450,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib69,yes 8450-vitality-1,8450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Vigorous. All domains. All ages.,bib69,yes -8450-LEI-2,8450,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1653,no -8450-transmission-2,8450,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1653,no -8450-domains_of_use-2,8450,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1653,no -8450-vitality-2,8450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1653,no +8450-LEI-2,8450,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1665,no +8450-transmission-2,8450,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1665,no +8450-domains_of_use-2,8450,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1665,no +8450-vitality-2,8450,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1665,no 8451-context-1,8451,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kupang; Indonesian""}",,,bib68,yes 8451-location-1,8451,location,"{""Description"": ""East Nusa Tenggara Province. West central Rote island, from northern coast Ba\u2019a town to south coast. North Lole dialect covers north and central regions of Lole domain.""}",,,bib68,yes 8451-speaker_number-1,8451,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,yes @@ -63666,66 +63870,66 @@ Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Lole as: 6a (vigorous).",bib68,yes 8451-LEI-2,8451,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8451-vitality-2,8451,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8452-context-1,8452,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ambonese Malay [abs], Indonesian [ind], Kisar [kje], Leti [lti]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib69,yes -8452-location-1,8452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.18, 127.94]]}",,,bib3264,no +8452-location-1,8452,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.18, 127.94]]}",,,bib3280,no 8452-location-2,8452,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Maluku Province. East of Timor island; entire Wetan island, across Wetan strait to northwest Babar island.""}",,,bib69,yes 8452-speaker_number-1,8452,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(SIL),bib69,yes 8452-speakers-1,8452,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 8452-LEI-1,8452,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8452-vitality-1,8452,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -846-context-1,846,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized as an official language of Guam in 1972 and CNMI in 1985""}",,,bib1710,yes -846-location-1,846,location,"{""Places"": [""Chamorro is indigenous to the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and Guam (Guahan).""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.1853, 145.2911], [13.2702, 144.4719]]}",,,bib1710,yes +846-context-1,846,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Government Support"": ""Recognized as an official language of Guam in 1972 and CNMI in 1985""}",,,bib1722,yes +846-location-1,846,location,"{""Places"": [""Chamorro is indigenous to the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and Guam (Guahan).""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.1853, 145.2911], [13.2702, 144.4719]]}",,,bib1722,yes 846-location-2,846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.45, 144.75]]}",,,bib216,no -846-location-3,846,location,"{""Places"": [""Guam, Northern Mariana Islands""]}",,,bib6172,no -846-location-4,846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.4323, 144.7338]]}",,,bib5307,no -846-speaker_number-1,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Reported in Pagel (2019),bib1710,yes -846-speakers-1,846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""72,300 in the CNMI & Guam"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,650 in the CNMI & Guam"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Reported in Pagel (2019),bib1710,yes -846-speaker_number-2,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6172,no -846-speakers-2,846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6172,no -846-speakers-3,846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,555"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990""}",,,bib5066,no -846-speaker_number-4,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -846-speakers-4,846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +846-location-3,846,location,"{""Places"": [""Guam, Northern Mariana Islands""]}",,,bib6196,no +846-location-4,846,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[13.4323, 144.7338]]}",,,bib5330,no +846-speaker_number-1,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Reported in Pagel (2019),bib1722,yes +846-speakers-1,846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""72,300 in the CNMI & Guam"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""37,650 in the CNMI & Guam"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Reported in Pagel (2019),bib1722,yes +846-speaker_number-2,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6196,no +846-speakers-2,846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""45,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6196,no +846-speakers-3,846,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""12,555"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990""}",,,bib5088,no +846-speaker_number-4,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +846-speakers-4,846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""62,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 846-speaker_number-5,846,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 846-speakers-5,846,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""76,705"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no -846-LEI-1,846,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1710,yes -846-transmission-1,846,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1710,yes -846-domains_of_use-1,846,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1710,yes -846-speaker_number_trends-1,846,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1710,yes -846-vitality-1,846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1710,yes -846-LEI-2,846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6172,no -846-vitality-2,846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6172,no -846-LEI-3,846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -846-vitality-3,846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +846-LEI-1,846,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1722,yes +846-transmission-1,846,transmission,2,transmission-2,,bib1722,yes +846-domains_of_use-1,846,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib1722,yes +846-speaker_number_trends-1,846,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib1722,yes +846-vitality-1,846,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1722,yes +846-LEI-2,846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6196,no +846-vitality-2,846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6196,no +846-LEI-3,846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +846-vitality-3,846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 846-LEI-4,846,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 846-vitality-4,846,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8469-context-1,8469,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Moroccan Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All or most""}",,When the family and friends sit together they speak MA [Moroccan Arabic] with some Berber unless there is someone else who only speaks MA then the entire conversation is in MA. It must be said that they turn to MA very often and that Berber is mostly used for every day and simple phrases.,bib3289,yes -8469-location-1,8469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.076581, -4.892731]]}",,,bib3289,yes -8469-speakers-1,8469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100""}",,,bib5307,no +8469-context-1,8469,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Moroccan Arabic"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All or most""}",,When the family and friends sit together they speak MA [Moroccan Arabic] with some Berber unless there is someone else who only speaks MA then the entire conversation is in MA. It must be said that they turn to MA very often and that Berber is mostly used for every day and simple phrases.,bib3305,yes +8469-location-1,8469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.076581, -4.892731]]}",,,bib3305,yes +8469-speakers-1,8469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100""}",,,bib5330,no 8469-speaker_number-2,8469,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Our findings based on our fieldwork confirm that the žamaεa of Bni Buzra and Bni Mensur are still the -only two Berber speaking žamaεa in Ghomara as we have mentioned. The number of speakers of about 10.000 speakers indicates that this language is not yet extinct.",bib3289,yes +only two Berber speaking žamaεa in Ghomara as we have mentioned. The number of speakers of about 10.000 speakers indicates that this language is not yet extinct.",bib3305,yes 8469-speakers-2,8469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006-2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Our findings based on our fieldwork confirm that the žamaεa of Bni Buzra and Bni Mensur are still the -only two Berber speaking žamaεa in Ghomara as we have mentioned. The number of speakers of about 10.000 speakers indicates that this language is not yet extinct.",bib3289,yes -8469-LEI-1,8469,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3289,yes -8469-transmission-1,8469,transmission,1,transmission-1,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3289,yes -8469-domains_of_use-1,8469,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3289,yes -8469-vitality-1,8469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3289,yes -847-context-1,847,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Spanish""}",,,bib5217,no +only two Berber speaking žamaεa in Ghomara as we have mentioned. The number of speakers of about 10.000 speakers indicates that this language is not yet extinct.",bib3305,yes +8469-LEI-1,8469,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3305,yes +8469-transmission-1,8469,transmission,1,transmission-1,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3305,yes +8469-domains_of_use-1,8469,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3305,yes +8469-vitality-1,8469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,...not only elderly women or elderly in general speak Ghomara Berber but also children. Children learn this language at home.,bib3305,yes +847-context-1,847,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Spanish""}",,,bib5240,no 847-location-1,847,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[32.1666666667, -116.5]]}",,,bib216,no 847-location-2,847,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Baja California, Rancho Nej\u00ed, mountains southeast of Tecate, 60 km east of Ensenada in La Huerta de los Indios, San Antonio N\u00e9cua, San Jos\u00e9 de la Zorra, Ca\u00f1on de los Encinos, and Ja\u2019\u00e1a.""}",,,bib67,no 847-location-3,847,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico, USA""]}",,"Mexico: Baja California state: Cañon de los Encinos, Ja’áa, La Huerta de los Indios, Rancho Nejí, San Antonio Nécua, and San José de la Zorra; mountains southeast of Tecate, 60 km east of Ensenada. US: California: east of San Diego and some in Imperial Valley.",bib70,no -847-location-4,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.6049, -116.4678]]}",,,bib5307,no -847-location-5,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several locations in central and southern San Diego County, the most important of these being Campo.""}",,,bib5217,no -847-location-6,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.9359, -116.868]]}",,,bib1709,yes +847-location-4,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.6049, -116.4678]]}",,,bib5330,no +847-location-5,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several locations in central and southern San Diego County, the most important of these being Campo.""}",,,bib5240,no +847-location-6,847,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.9359, -116.868]]}",,,bib1721,yes 847-speaker_number-1,847,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,220 in Mexico (Cuarón and Lastra 1991).,bib67,no 847-speakers-1,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""330"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,220 in Mexico (Cuarón and Lastra 1991).,bib67,no 847-speaker_number-2,847,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mexico: 220 (2000 INALI). USA: 150 (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipai, a few elderly people speak Ipai.",bib70,no 847-speakers-2,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""370"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Mexico), 2007 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mexico: 220 (2000 INALI). USA: 150 (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipai, a few elderly people speak Ipai.",bib70,no -847-speaker_number-3,847,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -847-speakers-3,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -847-speaker_number-4,847,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"An emergent language in the Diegueño dialect complex. (In recent years the entire Diegueño dialect complex has also been referred to as Kumeyaay, creating some confusion.)",bib5217,no -847-speakers-4,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"An emergent language in the Diegueño dialect complex. (In recent years the entire Diegueño dialect complex has also been referred to as Kumeyaay, creating some confusion.)",bib5217,no +847-speaker_number-3,847,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +847-speakers-3,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""230"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +847-speaker_number-4,847,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"An emergent language in the Diegueño dialect complex. (In recent years the entire Diegueño dialect complex has also been referred to as Kumeyaay, creating some confusion.)",bib5240,no +847-speakers-4,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""40-50"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"An emergent language in the Diegueño dialect complex. (In recent years the entire Diegueño dialect complex has also been referred to as Kumeyaay, creating some confusion.)",bib5240,no 847-speaker_number-5,847,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 847-speakers-5,847,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""295"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 847-LEI-1,847,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -63734,45 +63938,45 @@ USA: 150 (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipa 847-transmission-2,847,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib70,no 847-speaker_number_trends-2,847,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib70,no 847-vitality-2,847,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -847-LEI-3,847,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -847-vitality-3,847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -847-LEI-4,847,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5217,no -847-transmission-4,847,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5217,no -847-speaker_number_trends-4,847,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5217,no -847-vitality-4,847,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5217,no +847-LEI-3,847,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +847-vitality-3,847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +847-LEI-4,847,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5240,no +847-transmission-4,847,transmission,5,transmission-5,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5240,no +847-speaker_number_trends-4,847,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5240,no +847-vitality-4,847,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,There are between 40 and 50 fluent speakers.,bib5240,no 847-LEI-5,847,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 847-vitality-5,847,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -848-location-1,848,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the districts of Tupe and Catahuasi, in the province of Yauyos, en the southeast of the department of Lima, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +848-location-1,848,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the districts of Tupe and Catahuasi, in the province of Yauyos, en the southeast of the department of Lima, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 848-location-2,848,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-13.0, -76.0]]}",,,bib216,no -848-location-3,848,location,"{""Description"": ""In and around Tupe, Yauyos, Lima, Peru and by large numbers in the cities of Lima, Huancayo, Chincha, and Ca\u00d2ete""}",,,bib3302,no +848-location-3,848,location,"{""Description"": ""In and around Tupe, Yauyos, Lima, Peru and by large numbers in the cities of Lima, Huancayo, Chincha, and Ca\u00d2ete""}",,,bib3318,no 848-location-4,848,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Lima region, Yauyos province, Tupe and Cachuy villages; language area extends into Ica region.""}",,"Lima region, Yauyos province, Tupe and Cachuy villages; language area extends into Ica region.",bib67,yes -848-location-5,848,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7488, -75.8248]]}",,,bib5307,no -848-location-6,848,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Lima, Province of Yauyos, in the villages Tupe, Aiza, and Colca""}",,,bib1903,no -848-speaker_number-1,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"740 speakers according the 2007 Census 2007), but recent studies report a much smaller number.",bib8124,no -848-speakers-1,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""740 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"740 speakers according the 2007 Census 2007), but recent studies report a much smaller number.",bib8124,no -848-speaker_number-2,848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3302,no -848-speakers-2,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3302,no +848-location-5,848,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-12.7488, -75.8248]]}",,,bib5330,no +848-location-6,848,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Lima, Province of Yauyos, in the villages Tupe, Aiza, and Colca""}",,,bib1915,no +848-speaker_number-1,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"740 speakers according the 2007 Census 2007), but recent studies report a much smaller number.",bib8149,no +848-speakers-1,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""740 speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"740 speakers according the 2007 Census 2007), but recent studies report a much smaller number.",bib8149,no +848-speaker_number-2,848,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3318,no +848-speakers-2,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3318,no 848-speaker_number-3,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"730 Jaqaru, 11 Kawki. Ethnic population: 2000. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,yes 848-speakers-3,848,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""740"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"730 Jaqaru, 11 Kawki. Ethnic population: 2000. (Unchanged 2016.)",bib67,yes -848-speaker_number-4,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -848-speakers-4,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -848-speaker_number-5,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1903,no -848-speakers-5,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~725"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1903,no +848-speaker_number-4,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +848-speakers-4,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""750"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +848-speaker_number-5,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1915,no +848-speakers-5,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~725"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1915,no 848-speaker_number-6,848,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 848-speakers-6,848,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""736"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -848-LEI-1,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8124,no -848-vitality-1,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8124,no -848-LEI-2,848,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3302,no -848-vitality-2,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3302,no +848-LEI-1,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8149,no +848-vitality-1,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib8149,no +848-LEI-2,848,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3318,no +848-vitality-2,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3318,no 848-LEI-3,848,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,yes 848-speaker_number_trends-3,848,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib67,yes 848-vitality-3,848,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib67,yes -848-LEI-4,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -848-vitality-4,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -848-LEI-5,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1903,no -848-vitality-5,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1903,no +848-LEI-4,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +848-vitality-4,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +848-LEI-5,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1915,no +848-vitality-5,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1915,no 848-LEI-6,848,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 848-vitality-6,848,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 8489-location-1,8489,location,"{""Places"": [""West of Tarifit, Ketama area.""], ""Coordinates"": [[34.881362, -4.611313]]}",,,bib68,yes @@ -63781,66 +63985,66 @@ USA: 150 (Golla 2007). 40–50 fluent speakers of Kumeyaay, 100 speakers of Tipa 8489-LEI-1,8489,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some young people, all adults.",bib68,yes 8489-transmission-1,8489,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Some young people, all adults.",bib68,yes 8489-vitality-1,8489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Some young people, all adults.",bib68,yes -849-location-1,849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.2569, 94.0759]]}",,,bib5307,no -849-location-2,849,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southeastern region of Manipur State""}",,,bib1667,no -849-location-3,849,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Speakers are primarily found in the Chandel district of Manipur.""}",,,bib3300,yes +849-location-1,849,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[24.2569, 94.0759]]}",,,bib5330,no +849-location-2,849,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""southeastern region of Manipur State""}",,,bib1679,no +849-location-3,849,location,"{""Places"": [""India""], ""Description"": ""Speakers are primarily found in the Chandel district of Manipur.""}",,,bib3316,yes 849-location-4,849,location,"{""Places"": [""India""]}",,,bib67,no -849-speaker_number-1,849,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -849-speakers-1,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -849-speaker_number-2,849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1667,no -849-speakers-2,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1667,no -849-speaker_number-3,849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3300,yes -849-speakers-3,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,894"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (Manipur primary census abstract)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3300,yes +849-speaker_number-1,849,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +849-speakers-1,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +849-speaker_number-2,849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1679,no +849-speakers-2,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1679,no +849-speaker_number-3,849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3316,yes +849-speakers-3,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,894"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001 (Manipur primary census abstract)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3316,yes 849-speaker_number-4,849,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 849-speakers-4,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 849-speaker_number-5,849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 849-speakers-5,849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999 (census data)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -849-LEI-1,849,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -849-vitality-1,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -849-LEI-2,849,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1667,no -849-vitality-2,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1667,no -849-LEI-3,849,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3300,yes -849-domains_of_use-3,849,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3300,yes -849-vitality-3,849,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3300,yes +849-LEI-1,849,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +849-vitality-1,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +849-LEI-2,849,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1679,no +849-vitality-2,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1679,no +849-LEI-3,849,LEI,"Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3316,yes +849-domains_of_use-3,849,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib3316,yes +849-vitality-3,849,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3316,yes 849-LEI-4,849,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 849-vitality-4,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 849-LEI-5,849,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 849-vitality-5,849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8490-context-1,8490,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,Many speakers have negative attitudes towards the language and think their children would be better served by speaking other languages.,bib7980,no -8490-context-2,8490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""A majority""}",,"En général, les berbérophones sont fiers de leur langue et il n'est pas rare de trouver des arabophones qui ont appris le berbère.",bib4300,yes -8490-location-1,8490,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""Figuig is a oasis situated in the South East edge of Morocco, around 1000 km from Casablanca, and 460 km from the Mediterranean coast"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.112095, -1.222258]]}",,,bib7980,no -8490-location-2,8490,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""Figuig est une oasis au bord du grand d\u00e9sert. Il se trouve au point oriental extr\u00eame du Maroc \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re alg\u00e9rienne, entour\u00e9 de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 de montagnes d\u00e9nud\u00e9es.""}",,,bib4300,yes -8490-speaker_number-1,8490,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The number of permanent residents is today around 15 000. Precise estimates of the language speakers is difficult to calculate because much of the population have emigrated away to Europe and to major Moroccan cities.,bib7980,no -8490-speakers-1,8490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The number of permanent residents is today around 15 000. Precise estimates of the language speakers is difficult to calculate because much of the population have emigrated away to Europe and to major Moroccan cities.,bib7980,no -8490-speaker_number-2,8490,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"En 1982, Figuig comptait 14280 habitants. La population de l'oasis habite dans sept villages (kçour); dont six se trouvent à Haut-Figuig et un, le plus grande; à Bas-Figuig [...] Dans tout les kçour le berbère est parlé. Dans plusieurs villages du Haut-Figuig (surtout Labidate, Loudaghir, Hammam Foukani et Hammam Tahtani) une partie de la population parle l'arabe dialectal comme langue maternelle... Dans les autres villages, le berbère est pleinement vivant.",bib4300,yes -8490-speakers-2,8490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"En 1982, Figuig comptait 14280 habitants. La population de l'oasis habite dans sept villages (kçour); dont six se trouvent à Haut-Figuig et un, le plus grande; à Bas-Figuig [...] Dans tout les kçour le berbère est parlé. Dans plusieurs villages du Haut-Figuig (surtout Labidate, Loudaghir, Hammam Foukani et Hammam Tahtani) une partie de la population parle l'arabe dialectal comme langue maternelle... Dans les autres villages, le berbère est pleinement vivant.",bib4300,yes +8490-context-1,8490,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Negative""}",,Many speakers have negative attitudes towards the language and think their children would be better served by speaking other languages.,bib8005,no +8490-context-2,8490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""A majority""}",,"En général, les berbérophones sont fiers de leur langue et il n'est pas rare de trouver des arabophones qui ont appris le berbère.",bib4321,yes +8490-location-1,8490,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""Figuig is a oasis situated in the South East edge of Morocco, around 1000 km from Casablanca, and 460 km from the Mediterranean coast"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.112095, -1.222258]]}",,,bib8005,no +8490-location-2,8490,location,"{""Places"": [""Morocco""], ""Description"": ""Figuig est une oasis au bord du grand d\u00e9sert. Il se trouve au point oriental extr\u00eame du Maroc \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re alg\u00e9rienne, entour\u00e9 de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 de montagnes d\u00e9nud\u00e9es.""}",,,bib4321,yes +8490-speaker_number-1,8490,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,The number of permanent residents is today around 15 000. Precise estimates of the language speakers is difficult to calculate because much of the population have emigrated away to Europe and to major Moroccan cities.,bib8005,no +8490-speakers-1,8490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,The number of permanent residents is today around 15 000. Precise estimates of the language speakers is difficult to calculate because much of the population have emigrated away to Europe and to major Moroccan cities.,bib8005,no +8490-speaker_number-2,8490,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"En 1982, Figuig comptait 14280 habitants. La population de l'oasis habite dans sept villages (kçour); dont six se trouvent à Haut-Figuig et un, le plus grande; à Bas-Figuig [...] Dans tout les kçour le berbère est parlé. Dans plusieurs villages du Haut-Figuig (surtout Labidate, Loudaghir, Hammam Foukani et Hammam Tahtani) une partie de la population parle l'arabe dialectal comme langue maternelle... Dans les autres villages, le berbère est pleinement vivant.",bib4321,yes +8490-speakers-2,8490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,280"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"En 1982, Figuig comptait 14280 habitants. La population de l'oasis habite dans sept villages (kçour); dont six se trouvent à Haut-Figuig et un, le plus grande; à Bas-Figuig [...] Dans tout les kçour le berbère est parlé. Dans plusieurs villages du Haut-Figuig (surtout Labidate, Loudaghir, Hammam Foukani et Hammam Tahtani) une partie de la population parle l'arabe dialectal comme langue maternelle... Dans les autres villages, le berbère est pleinement vivant.",bib4321,yes 8490-LEI-1,8490,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The social and cultural context of the language has undergone great -changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib7980,no +changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib8005,no 8490-transmission-1,8490,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The social and cultural context of the language has undergone great -changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib7980,no +changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib8005,no 8490-vitality-1,8490,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The social and cultural context of the language has undergone great -changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib7980,no -8490-LEI-2,8490,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4300,yes -8490-domains_of_use-2,8490,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4300,yes -8490-vitality-2,8490,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4300,yes +changes, resulting in lexical attrition; the language is used mostly by the parental generation and up; [and] the limited numbers of L1 resident speakers [are] constantly subject to emigration",bib8005,no +8490-LEI-2,8490,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4321,yes +8490-domains_of_use-2,8490,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib4321,yes +8490-vitality-2,8490,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib4321,yes 850-context-1,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib73,yes 850-context-2,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no 850-context-3,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no 850-context-4,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib6,no -850-context-5,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +850-context-5,850,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 850-location-1,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.62, -132.87]]}",,British Columbia,bib73,yes 850-location-2,850,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.0, -135.0]]}",,,bib216,no 850-location-3,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""USA: Southeast Alaska, Yakutat south to the Canadian border at Portland Canal. Canada: Northwest British Columbia, Atlin; southern Yukon, Carcross, Teslin""}",,,bib67,no 850-location-4,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Alaska""]}",,"US: Alaska: Carcross-Tagish inland, Ketchikan south to Yakutat north.",bib70,no 850-location-5,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""The largest population of Tlingit speakers is in Juneau, Alaska, so the map should be centered on that city. Tlingit area includes Southeast Alaska (Yakutat, Hoonah, Sitka, Klukwan, Haines, Skagway, Angoon, Juneau, Douglas, Kake, Wrangell, Klawock, Craig, Ketchikan, Saxman), Yukon Territory (Whitehorse, Carcross, Tagish, Teslin), British Columbia (Atlin)."", ""Coordinates"": [[58.302, -134.419]]}",,,bib6,no -850-location-6,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.334, -133.7475]]}",,,bib5307,no -850-location-7,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib1998,no -850-location-8,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia""}",,"Southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5217,no -850-location-9,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[60.171, -132.7395], [58.334, -133.7475]]}",,,bib1709,no +850-location-6,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[58.334, -133.7475]]}",,,bib5330,no +850-location-7,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""]}",,,bib2010,no +850-location-8,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia""}",,"Southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5240,no +850-location-9,850,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[60.171, -132.7395], [58.334, -133.7475]]}",,,bib1721,no 850-speaker_number-1,850,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,For Tlingit in British Columbia only; does not include those in Alaska or the Yukon.,bib73,yes 850-speakers-1,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""448"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""10""}",,For Tlingit in British Columbia only; does not include those in Alaska or the Yukon.,bib73,yes -850-speaker_number-2,850,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1282,no -850-speakers-2,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1282,no +850-speaker_number-2,850,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1291,no +850-speakers-2,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1291,no 850-speaker_number-3,850,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,200 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 10,000 in the USA (M. Krauss 1995). 230 in Canada (2001 census). Ethnic population: 1,000 in Canada (Krauss 1995).",bib67,no 850-speakers-3,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1430"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,200 in United States (2000 census), decreasing. Ethnic population: 10,000 in the USA (M. Krauss 1995). 230 in Canada (2001 census). Ethnic population: 1,000 in Canada (Krauss 1995).",bib67,no 850-speaker_number-4,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"US: 500 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 10,000 (1995 M. Krauss). @@ -63849,21 +64053,21 @@ Canada: 2 in Canada (FPCC 2014). 7 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: Canada: 2 in Canada (FPCC 2014). 7 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 400 (FPCC 2014).",bib70,no 850-speaker_number-5,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Ethnic population is about 25,000 between the US and Canada. Speaker population is, according to a recent community survey, around 200.",bib6,no 850-speakers-5,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""25,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Ethnic population is about 25,000 between the US and Canada. Speaker population is, according to a recent community survey, around 200.",bib6,no -850-speaker_number-6,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 in the U.S. in 2000; about 55 in Canada in 2001.,bib5307,no -850-speakers-6,850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 in the U.S. in 2000; about 55 in Canada in 2001.,bib5307,no -850-speaker_number-7,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1998,no -850-speakers-7,850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1998,no -850-speaker_number-8,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Tlingit is the traditional language of the Tlingit people on the southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan, and constitutes a separate branch of the Na-Dene family alongside Eyak and the Athabaskan languages. The total Tlingit population in Alaska (organized as the Sealaska Regional Corporation, divided into 16 village communities) is about 10,000, of whom perhaps as many as 500, none of them children, are fluent speakers of the language. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5217,no -850-speakers-8,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~685"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Tlingit is the traditional language of the Tlingit people on the southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan, and constitutes a separate branch of the Na-Dene family alongside Eyak and the Athabaskan languages. The total Tlingit population in Alaska (organized as the Sealaska Regional Corporation, divided into 16 village communities) is about 10,000, of whom perhaps as many as 500, none of them children, are fluent speakers of the language. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5217,no +850-speaker_number-6,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,300 in the U.S. in 2000; about 55 in Canada in 2001.,bib5330,no +850-speakers-6,850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""355"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,300 in the U.S. in 2000; about 55 in Canada in 2001.,bib5330,no +850-speaker_number-7,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2010,no +850-speakers-7,850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2010,no +850-speaker_number-8,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Tlingit is the traditional language of the Tlingit people on the southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan, and constitutes a separate branch of the Na-Dene family alongside Eyak and the Athabaskan languages. The total Tlingit population in Alaska (organized as the Sealaska Regional Corporation, divided into 16 village communities) is about 10,000, of whom perhaps as many as 500, none of them children, are fluent speakers of the language. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5240,no +850-speakers-8,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~685"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Tlingit is the traditional language of the Tlingit people on the southeastern coast of Alaska from Yakutat to Ketchikan, and constitutes a separate branch of the Na-Dene family alongside Eyak and the Athabaskan languages. The total Tlingit population in Alaska (organized as the Sealaska Regional Corporation, divided into 16 village communities) is about 10,000, of whom perhaps as many as 500, none of them children, are fluent speakers of the language. An additional 185 Inland Tlingit speakers live in Canada in several communities in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. The only other well-marked local variety is the phonologically archaic Tongass dialect, formerly spoken in the Ketchikan area but now nearly extinct.",bib5240,no 850-speaker_number-9,850,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 850-speakers-9,850,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""845"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -850-speakers-10,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""456"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0 fluent and 2 semi-speakers. 13 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""13""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2905,no +850-speakers-10,850,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""456"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0 fluent and 2 semi-speakers. 13 language learners"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""2"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""13""}",,Numbers for British Columbia only.,bib2919,no 850-LEI-1,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mainly older adults, no children",bib73,yes 850-transmission-1,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Mainly older adults, no children",bib73,yes 850-speaker_number_trends-1,850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Mainly older adults, no children",bib73,yes 850-vitality-1,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Mainly older adults, no children",bib73,yes -850-LEI-2,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1282,no -850-vitality-2,850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1282,no +850-LEI-2,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1291,no +850-vitality-2,850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1291,no 850-LEI-3,850,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 850-transmission-3,850,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib67,no 850-speaker_number_trends-3,850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib67,no @@ -63874,55 +64078,55 @@ Canada: 2 in Canada (FPCC 2014). 7 semi-speakers (FPCC 2014). Ethnic population: 850-transmission-5,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6,no 850-speaker_number_trends-5,850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6,no 850-vitality-5,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6,no -850-LEI-6,850,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -850-vitality-6,850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -850-LEI-7,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1998,no -850-transmission-7,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib1998,no -850-vitality-7,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib1998,no -850-LEI-8,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -850-transmission-8,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5217,no -850-speaker_number_trends-8,850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5217,no -850-vitality-8,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5217,no +850-LEI-6,850,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +850-vitality-6,850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +850-LEI-7,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2010,no +850-transmission-7,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib2010,no +850-vitality-7,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib2010,no +850-LEI-8,850,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +850-transmission-8,850,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5240,no +850-speaker_number_trends-8,850,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5240,no +850-vitality-8,850,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5240,no 850-LEI-9,850,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 850-vitality-9,850,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8509-context-1,8509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamacheq; Hausa; French; Songhay; Arabic (literary)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Tamacheq, and some speak other languages""}",,"Il s’agit, selon Attayoub et Walentowitz (2001) d’une langue sacrée, de respect et d’affection, donc ayant une valeur très positive aux yeux de ses locuteurs, ce qui expliquerait sa propension à être conservée... En effet, comme le précisent Attayoub et Walentowitz (2001), le tetserret, de par son rôle d’outil de diffusion de la religion, a acquis un statut de langue ‘sacrée’, et par conséquent, est aussi considéré comme une langue de 'respect' envers les ancêtres... Dans le même sens, la langue est aussi garante d’un rang social élevé des personnes qui la parlent.",bib4774,yes -8509-location-1,8509,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Elle est parl\u00e9e dans la vall\u00e9e de l\u2019Azawagh, \u00e0 l\u2019ouest du Niger, dans une zone qui semble d\u00e9limit\u00e9e par les communes d\u2019Abalak au nord, de Shadwanka au sud, et d\u2019Akoubounou \u00e0 l\u2019ouest."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.406024, 6.26976]]}",,,bib4774,yes -8509-speaker_number-1,8509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Le tetserret est donc, en premier lieu, un tout ‘petit îlot linguistique’ situé sur des terres tamacheq, ‘ne dépassant guère les deux mille individus’ (Attayoub, 2002 : 12). En réalité, le nombre de locuteurs du tetserret est très difficile à évaluer, même par la communauté.",bib4774,yes -8509-speakers-1,8509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Le tetserret est donc, en premier lieu, un tout ‘petit îlot linguistique’ situé sur des terres tamacheq, ‘ne dépassant guère les deux mille individus’ (Attayoub, 2002 : 12). En réalité, le nombre de locuteurs du tetserret est très difficile à évaluer, même par la communauté.",bib4774,yes -8509-LEI-1,8509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4774,yes -8509-transmission-1,8509,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4774,yes -8509-domains_of_use-1,8509,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4774,yes -8509-speaker_number_trends-1,8509,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4774,yes -8509-vitality-1,8509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4774,yes +8509-context-1,8509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tamacheq; Hausa; French; Songhay; Arabic (literary)"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Tamacheq, and some speak other languages""}",,"Il s’agit, selon Attayoub et Walentowitz (2001) d’une langue sacrée, de respect et d’affection, donc ayant une valeur très positive aux yeux de ses locuteurs, ce qui expliquerait sa propension à être conservée... En effet, comme le précisent Attayoub et Walentowitz (2001), le tetserret, de par son rôle d’outil de diffusion de la religion, a acquis un statut de langue ‘sacrée’, et par conséquent, est aussi considéré comme une langue de 'respect' envers les ancêtres... Dans le même sens, la langue est aussi garante d’un rang social élevé des personnes qui la parlent.",bib4796,yes +8509-location-1,8509,location,"{""Places"": [""Niger""], ""Description"": ""Elle est parl\u00e9e dans la vall\u00e9e de l\u2019Azawagh, \u00e0 l\u2019ouest du Niger, dans une zone qui semble d\u00e9limit\u00e9e par les communes d\u2019Abalak au nord, de Shadwanka au sud, et d\u2019Akoubounou \u00e0 l\u2019ouest."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.406024, 6.26976]]}",,,bib4796,yes +8509-speaker_number-1,8509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Le tetserret est donc, en premier lieu, un tout ‘petit îlot linguistique’ situé sur des terres tamacheq, ‘ne dépassant guère les deux mille individus’ (Attayoub, 2002 : 12). En réalité, le nombre de locuteurs du tetserret est très difficile à évaluer, même par la communauté.",bib4796,yes +8509-speakers-1,8509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Le tetserret est donc, en premier lieu, un tout ‘petit îlot linguistique’ situé sur des terres tamacheq, ‘ne dépassant guère les deux mille individus’ (Attayoub, 2002 : 12). En réalité, le nombre de locuteurs du tetserret est très difficile à évaluer, même par la communauté.",bib4796,yes +8509-LEI-1,8509,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4796,yes +8509-transmission-1,8509,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4796,yes +8509-domains_of_use-1,8509,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4796,yes +8509-speaker_number_trends-1,8509,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4796,yes +8509-vitality-1,8509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Nous pouvons considérer ici, sans prendre trop de risque, que le tetserret est une langue en voie de disparition, très fortement menacée... nous avons vu que la transmission du tetserret aux nouvelles générations est nulle aujourd’hui : si la génération des 'parents', ayant entre 20 et 35 ans environ, contient beaucoup de locuteurs passifs du tetserret, qui ont appris à le comprendre mais ne le pratiquent pas, la génération des 'enfants' ne connait plus cette langue. ... Toutefois, pour ce qui concerne le 'taux de locuteurs' dans la population, nous pouvons dire, en étant optimiste, que 'la langue est parlée par une minorité de gens dans cette population.' ... On sait que l’usage du tetserret est au moins limité au domaine privé. ... il n’existe aucun support pour l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de cette langue, puisqu’elle n’est pas décrite.",bib4796,yes 851-context-1,851,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, English""}",,,bib70,no 851-context-2,851,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English [eng]""}",,Also use English [eng].,bib69,no 851-location-1,851,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[27.5, -110.25]]}",,,bib216,no 851-location-2,851,location,"{""Places"": [""USA"", ""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Arizona, Pascua Yaqui Tribe, 7474 S. Camino De Oeste, Tucson, AZ 85757""}",,See: http://tiny.cc/rnuwiw for the tribe's contact information.,bib161,no 851-location-3,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico, USA""]}",,"Mexico: state of Sonora. US: Arizona: Phoenix and Tucson areas.",bib70,no -851-location-4,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.868742, -110.279364]]}",,,bib7945,no -851-location-5,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.1158, -111.0638]]}",,,bib5307,no -851-location-6,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southern Arizona, also Sonora State, Mexico""}",,,bib3311,no -851-location-7,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona""}",,,bib5217,no -851-location-8,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.1158, -111.0638]]}",,,bib1709,no +851-location-4,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona"", ""Coordinates"": [[27.868742, -110.279364]]}",,,bib7970,no +851-location-5,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.1158, -111.0638]]}",,,bib5330,no +851-location-6,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Southern Arizona, also Sonora State, Mexico""}",,,bib3327,no +851-location-7,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona""}",,,bib5240,no +851-location-8,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico"", ""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sonora, Arizona"", ""Coordinates"": [[32.1158, -111.0638]]}",,,bib1721,no 851-location-9,851,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Sonora""}",,,bib69,no 851-speaker_number-1,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Mexico: 11,800 (2000 INALI). US: 430 (2010 census). Ethnic population: 8000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no 851-speakers-1,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 (Mexico), 2010 (US)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Mexico: 11,800 (2000 INALI). US: 430 (2010 census). Ethnic population: 8000 (Golla 2007).",bib70,no -851-speaker_number-2,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -851-speakers-2,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,316"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -851-speakers-3,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,200?""}",,70-80 in southern Arizona,bib3311,no +851-speaker_number-2,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +851-speakers-2,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,316"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +851-speakers-3,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,200?""}",,70-80 in southern Arizona,bib3327,no 851-speaker_number-4,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 851-speakers-4,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,406"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 851-speaker_number-5,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,800 in Mexico (2000 INALI).",bib69,no 851-speakers-5,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,230"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,800 in Mexico (2000 INALI).",bib69,no 851-speaker_number-6,851,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"es hablado en el sur del estado de Sonora (noroeste de México) por alrededor de 15,000 personas, y en el sur de Arizona (Estados Unidos) por cerca de 6,000 hablantes. -[It is spoken in the south of the state of Sonora (northwest Mexico) by around 15,000, and in souther Arizona (US) by about 6000 speakers.]",bib823,yes +[It is spoken in the south of the state of Sonora (northwest Mexico) by around 15,000, and in souther Arizona (US) by about 6000 speakers.]",bib827,yes 851-speakers-6,851,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"es hablado en el sur del estado de Sonora (noroeste de México) por alrededor de 15,000 personas, y en el sur de Arizona (Estados Unidos) por cerca de 6,000 hablantes. -[It is spoken in the south of the state of Sonora (northwest Mexico) by around 15,000, and in souther Arizona (US) by about 6000 speakers.]",bib823,yes +[It is spoken in the south of the state of Sonora (northwest Mexico) by around 15,000, and in souther Arizona (US) by about 6000 speakers.]",bib827,yes 851-LEI-1,851,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mexico: all ages. US: Mostly adults.",bib70,no 851-transmission-1,851,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Mexico: all ages. @@ -63931,420 +64135,420 @@ US: Mostly adults.",bib70,no US: Mostly adults.",bib70,no 851-vitality-1,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Mexico: all ages. US: Mostly adults.",bib70,no -851-LEI-2,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -851-vitality-2,851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -851-LEI-3,851,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3311,no -851-transmission-3,851,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3311,no -851-vitality-3,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3311,no -851-LEI-4,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5217,no -851-transmission-4,851,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5217,no -851-vitality-4,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5217,no +851-LEI-2,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +851-vitality-2,851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +851-LEI-3,851,LEI,"Severely Endangered (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3327,no +851-transmission-3,851,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib3327,no +851-vitality-3,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3327,no +851-LEI-4,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5240,no +851-transmission-4,851,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5240,no +851-vitality-4,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib5240,no 851-LEI-5,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 851-vitality-5,851,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 851-LEI-6,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,All ages.,bib69,no 851-transmission-6,851,transmission,0,transmission-0,All ages.,bib69,no 851-vitality-6,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,All ages.,bib69,no -851-LEI-7,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib823,yes -851-transmission-7,851,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib823,yes -851-vitality-7,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib823,yes -852-context-1,852,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old (p. 40).",bib8007,yes -852-location-1,852,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto region""}",,,bib8007,yes -852-location-2,852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3097, -75.9814]]}",,,bib5307,no -852-location-3,852,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several areas of the Aypena river basin, in the department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +851-LEI-7,851,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib827,yes +851-transmission-7,851,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib827,yes +851-vitality-7,851,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib827,yes +852-context-1,852,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old (p. 40).",bib8032,yes +852-location-1,852,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto region""}",,,bib8032,yes +852-location-2,852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.3097, -75.9814]]}",,,bib5330,no +852-location-3,852,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in several areas of the Aypena river basin, in the department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 852-location-4,852,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-5.41666666667, -76.5]]}",,,bib216,no 852-location-5,852,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Loreto Region, Alto Amazonas province, Jeberos district, between Mara\u00f1on and Huallaga rivers.""}",,"Loreto Region, Alto Amazonas province, Jeberos district, between Marañon and Huallaga rivers.",bib67,no 852-speaker_number-1,852,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Según una exploración in situ realizada entre 2010 y 2011 ... existirían unas 30 personas capaces de hablarlo fluidamente, todas bilingües en español regional y con un promedio de edad cercano a los 70 años. (p. 40.) -[According to an in situ exploration conducted between 2010 and 2011 ... there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old.]",bib8007,yes +[According to an in situ exploration conducted between 2010 and 2011 ... there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old.]",bib8032,yes 852-speakers-1,852,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""<30"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<30"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Según una exploración in situ realizada entre 2010 y 2011 ... existirían unas 30 personas capaces de hablarlo fluidamente, todas bilingües en español regional y con un promedio de edad cercano a los 70 años. (p. 40.) -[According to an in situ exploration conducted between 2010 and 2011 ... there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old.]",bib8007,yes -852-speaker_number-2,852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -852-speakers-2,852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +[According to an in situ exploration conducted between 2010 and 2011 ... there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old.]",bib8032,yes +852-speaker_number-2,852,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +852-speakers-2,852,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 852-speaker_number-3,852,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Data for the ethnic population is from W. Adelaar (2000). 2,500 (2006). Ethnic population: 2,500 (2000 W. Adelaar) (2016 unchanged).",bib67,no 852-speakers-3,852,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000-3,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Data for the ethnic population is from W. Adelaar (2000). 2,500 (2006). Ethnic population: 2,500 (2000 W. Adelaar) (2016 unchanged).",bib67,no -852-LEI-1,852,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8007,yes -852-transmission-1,852,transmission,5,transmission-5,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8007,yes -852-domains_of_use-1,852,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8007,yes -852-speaker_number_trends-1,852,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8007,yes -852-vitality-1,852,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8007,yes -852-LEI-2,852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -852-vitality-2,852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +852-LEI-1,852,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8032,yes +852-transmission-1,852,transmission,5,transmission-5,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8032,yes +852-domains_of_use-1,852,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8032,yes +852-speaker_number_trends-1,852,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8032,yes +852-vitality-1,852,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"there would be about 30 people able to speak fluently, all bilingual in regional Spanish and averaging close to 70 years old",bib8032,yes +852-LEI-2,852,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +852-vitality-2,852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 852-LEI-3,852,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 852-vitality-3,852,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8529-context-1,8529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: often rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the speakers",bib6475,yes -8529-context-2,8529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Tatar""}",,,bib7159,no -8529-location-1,8529,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on the western tributaries to the lower Ob, mainly along the Sosva, and in the central and northern Ural mountains, within the forest zone; administratively mainly within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes -8529-location-2,8529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.6539, 63.1494]]}",,,bib5307,no -8529-location-3,8529,location,"{""Places"": [""Uralic region, Russia""], ""Description"": ""small group of Vogul speakers live by the Upper-Lozva River near Ivdel""}",,,bib7159,no -8529-speaker_number-1,8529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -8529-speakers-1,8529,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes -8529-speaker_number-2,8529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7159,no -8529-speakers-2,8529,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7159,no -8529-LEI-1,8529,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6475,yes -8529-transmission-1,8529,transmission,3,transmission-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6475,yes -8529-speaker_number_trends-1,8529,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6475,yes -8529-vitality-1,8529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6475,yes -8529-LEI-2,8529,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7159,no -8529-vitality-2,8529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7159,no +8529-context-1,8529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: often rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the speakers",bib6499,yes +8529-context-2,8529,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Tatar""}",,,bib7183,no +8529-location-1,8529,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""on the western tributaries to the lower Ob, mainly along the Sosva, and in the central and northern Ural mountains, within the forest zone; administratively mainly within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes +8529-location-2,8529,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[62.6539, 63.1494]]}",,,bib5330,no +8529-location-3,8529,location,"{""Places"": [""Uralic region, Russia""], ""Description"": ""small group of Vogul speakers live by the Upper-Lozva River near Ivdel""}",,,bib7183,no +8529-speaker_number-1,8529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +8529-speakers-1,8529,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~7,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes +8529-speaker_number-2,8529,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7183,no +8529-speakers-2,8529,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7183,no +8529-LEI-1,8529,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6499,yes +8529-transmission-1,8529,transmission,3,transmission-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6499,yes +8529-speaker_number_trends-1,8529,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6499,yes +8529-vitality-1,8529,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but mainly more than 40 years",bib6499,yes +8529-LEI-2,8529,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7183,no +8529-vitality-2,8529,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7183,no 853-location-1,853,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Northwest California""}",,,bib69,no 853-location-2,853,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.8333333333, -124.166666667]]}",,,bib216,no -853-location-3,853,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib5217,no +853-location-3,853,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California""}",,,bib5240,no 853-speakers-1,853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Current activities of the Wiyot tribe include: Children’s language classes; Adult language classes; Language committee; Multimedia dictionary creation; -Language articles in the Wiyot newsletter.",bib7405,yes +Language articles in the Wiyot newsletter.",bib7429,yes 853-speakers-2,853,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""450"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Last speaker died in 1962 (1975 K. Teeter).,bib69,no -853-speakers-3,853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5217,no -853-LEI-1,853,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7405,yes -853-vitality-1,853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7405,yes +853-speakers-3,853,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib5240,no +853-LEI-1,853,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib7429,yes +853-vitality-1,853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib7429,yes 853-LEI-2,853,LEI,Awakening (),,Language revival program underway at Table Bluff (Golla 2007).,bib69,no 853-vitality-2,853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Language revival program underway at Table Bluff (Golla 2007).,bib69,no -853-LEI-3,853,LEI,Dormant (),,"It is the heritage language of the Wiyot tribe, whose principal modern community is at Table Bluff Rancheria near Ferndale. The last speaker passed away in 1961.",bib5217,no -853-vitality-3,853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"It is the heritage language of the Wiyot tribe, whose principal modern community is at Table Bluff Rancheria near Ferndale. The last speaker passed away in 1961.",bib5217,no -8530-context-1,8530,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6475,yes -8530-location-1,8530,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basin of the river Konda, a western tributary to the lower Irtysh""}",,,bib6475,yes -8530-location-2,8530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.7752, 67.6098]]}",,,bib5307,no -8530-speaker_number-1,8530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6475,yes -8530-speakers-1,8530,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6475,yes -8530-LEI-1,8530,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -8530-transmission-1,8530,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,yes -8530-speaker_number_trends-1,8530,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6475,yes -8530-vitality-1,8530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes -8549-location-1,8549,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the region of the source rivers of the Tavda, a tributary to the lower Tobol'-Irtysh""}",,,bib6475,yes -8549-location-2,8549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.1432, 62.4023]]}",,,bib5307,no -8549-speakers-1,8549,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib6475,yes -8549-LEI-1,8549,LEI,Dormant (),,possibly extinct,bib6475,yes -8549-vitality-1,8549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,possibly extinct,bib6475,yes -855-context-1,855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2981,yes -855-context-2,855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -855-location-1,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon""}",,,bib3893,no -855-location-2,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sileltz and Grand Ronde reservations in Oregon, Smith River in northwest California""}",,,bib2981,yes -855-location-3,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9566, -124.1915]]}",,,bib5307,no -855-location-4,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California: Smith River Rancheria near Crescent City, California.""}",,,bib5217,no -855-location-5,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: in and around Smith River""}",,,bib7491,no -855-location-6,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9566, -124.1915]]}",,,bib1709,no +853-LEI-3,853,LEI,Dormant (),,"It is the heritage language of the Wiyot tribe, whose principal modern community is at Table Bluff Rancheria near Ferndale. The last speaker passed away in 1961.",bib5240,no +853-vitality-3,853,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"It is the heritage language of the Wiyot tribe, whose principal modern community is at Table Bluff Rancheria near Ferndale. The last speaker passed away in 1961.",bib5240,no +8530-context-1,8530,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6499,yes +8530-location-1,8530,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basin of the river Konda, a western tributary to the lower Irtysh""}",,,bib6499,yes +8530-location-2,8530,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.7752, 67.6098]]}",,,bib5330,no +8530-speaker_number-1,8530,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6499,yes +8530-speakers-1,8530,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 60 years",bib6499,yes +8530-LEI-1,8530,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +8530-transmission-1,8530,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,yes +8530-speaker_number_trends-1,8530,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6499,yes +8530-vitality-1,8530,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes +8549-location-1,8549,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the region of the source rivers of the Tavda, a tributary to the lower Tobol'-Irtysh""}",,,bib6499,yes +8549-location-2,8549,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.1432, 62.4023]]}",,,bib5330,no +8549-speakers-1,8549,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""very few"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib6499,yes +8549-LEI-1,8549,LEI,Dormant (),,possibly extinct,bib6499,yes +8549-vitality-1,8549,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,possibly extinct,bib6499,yes +855-context-1,855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib2995,yes +855-context-2,855,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +855-location-1,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon""}",,,bib3913,no +855-location-2,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Sileltz and Grand Ronde reservations in Oregon, Smith River in northwest California""}",,,bib2995,yes +855-location-3,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9566, -124.1915]]}",,,bib5330,no +855-location-4,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California: Smith River Rancheria near Crescent City, California.""}",,,bib5240,no +855-location-5,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California: in and around Smith River""}",,,bib7515,no +855-location-6,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Oregon, California"", ""Coordinates"": [[41.9566, -124.1915]]}",,,bib1721,no 855-location-7,855,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""California, Smith River Rancheria, near Crescent City.""}",,,bib69,no -855-speakers-1,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""5""}",,"5 second language speakers of Siletz Dee-ni, one dialect variety of Tolowa.",bib3893,no -855-speakers-2,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"With the exception of 2 or 3 elderly rememberers of Tolowa at Smith River or of Lower Rogue River at Siletz, no native speaker of any Oregon Athabaskan variety survive[d] in 2010. The last fully fluent first-language speakers of Chetco-Tolowa and Rogue River died before 1990 ... Since 1980 a number of learners have acquired some degree of second-language fluency in Tolowa ... Much of the success of the Tolowa language revival is due to Loren Bommelyn, and the revitalization effort he spearheads has a broad cultural and religious base.",bib2981,yes -855-speaker_number-3,855,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5307,no -855-speakers-3,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5307,no -855-speakers-4,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Tolowa is spoken by a few individuals at the Smith River Rancheria near Crescent City, California. It is nearly extinct as a first language (one elderly semi-speaker survives in 2001) but there is one fully fluent second-language speaker in his 40s.",bib5217,no -855-speaker_number-5,855,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7491,no -855-speakers-5,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7491,no +855-speakers-1,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""5""}",,"5 second language speakers of Siletz Dee-ni, one dialect variety of Tolowa.",bib3913,no +855-speakers-2,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"With the exception of 2 or 3 elderly rememberers of Tolowa at Smith River or of Lower Rogue River at Siletz, no native speaker of any Oregon Athabaskan variety survive[d] in 2010. The last fully fluent first-language speakers of Chetco-Tolowa and Rogue River died before 1990 ... Since 1980 a number of learners have acquired some degree of second-language fluency in Tolowa ... Much of the success of the Tolowa language revival is due to Loren Bommelyn, and the revitalization effort he spearheads has a broad cultural and religious base.",bib2995,yes +855-speaker_number-3,855,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5330,no +855-speakers-3,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5330,no +855-speakers-4,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1""}",,"Tolowa is spoken by a few individuals at the Smith River Rancheria near Crescent City, California. It is nearly extinct as a first language (one elderly semi-speaker survives in 2001) but there is one fully fluent second-language speaker in his 40s.",bib5240,no +855-speaker_number-5,855,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7515,no +855-speakers-5,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7515,no 855-speaker_number-6,855,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 855-speakers-6,855,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 855-speakers-7,855,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""1"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""1""}",,"""One elderly semispeaker in 2001 but growing numbers of younger emerging speakers with limited competence""(Golla 2007).",bib69,no -855-LEI-1,855,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3893,no -855-transmission-1,855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3893,no -855-vitality-1,855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3893,no -855-LEI-2,855,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2981,yes -855-vitality-2,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2981,yes -855-LEI-3,855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -855-vitality-3,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -855-LEI-4,855,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5217,no -855-vitality-4,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5217,no -855-LEI-5,855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7491,no -855-transmission-5,855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7491,no -855-speaker_number_trends-5,855,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7491,no -855-vitality-5,855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7491,no +855-LEI-1,855,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib3913,no +855-transmission-1,855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib3913,no +855-vitality-1,855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3913,no +855-LEI-2,855,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib2995,yes +855-vitality-2,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib2995,yes +855-LEI-3,855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +855-vitality-3,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +855-LEI-4,855,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5240,no +855-vitality-4,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5240,no +855-LEI-5,855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7515,no +855-transmission-5,855,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7515,no +855-speaker_number_trends-5,855,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib7515,no +855-vitality-5,855,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib7515,no 855-LEI-6,855,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 855-vitality-6,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 855-LEI-7,855,LEI,Awakening (),,Some language revival efforts.,bib69,no 855-vitality-7,855,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Some language revival efforts.,bib69,no -8550-context-1,8550,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: generally good, though under increasing interference from Russian; Northern Khanty itself is, however, far from a uniform language, and the dialectal varieties cannot be served by a single normative standard.",bib6475,yes -8550-location-1,8550,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the lower Ob basin and on its tributaries; administratively mainly within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6475,yes -8550-location-2,8550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.7047, 66.676]]}",,,bib5307,no -8550-speaker_number-1,8550,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,yes -8550-speakers-1,8550,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,yes -8550-LEI-1,8550,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6475,yes -8550-transmission-1,8550,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6475,yes -8550-speaker_number_trends-1,8550,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6475,yes -8550-vitality-1,8550,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6475,yes -8551-context-1,8551,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Siberian Tatar""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: Southern Khanty used to be under strong interference not only from Russian, but also from Siberian Tatar.",bib6475,yes -8551-location-1,8551,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the lower Irtysh basin and on its tributaries""}",,,bib6475,yes -8551-location-2,8551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.4301, 69.9829]]}",,,bib5307,no -8551-speakers-1,8551,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib6475,yes -8551-LEI-1,8551,LEI,Dormant (),,"According to unconfirmed information there are no speakers left; in any case, the transmission of the language to children has ceased long ago.",bib6475,yes -8551-vitality-1,8551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"According to unconfirmed information there are no speakers left; in any case, the transmission of the language to children has ceased long ago.",bib6475,yes -8552-context-1,8552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Central Selkup""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers; there is also some traditional bilingualism between Eastern Khanty and Central Selkup",bib6475,no -8552-context-3,8552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib2630,no -8552-location-1,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""along the western and eastern tributaries to the middle Ob, from the Vasyugan to the Pim""}",,,bib6475,no -8552-location-2,8552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.2491, 74.5092]]}",,,bib5307,no -8552-location-3,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Tomsk oblast', Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.973386, 74.439999], [60.768054, 76.971311], [58.873858, 77.547301]]}",,"The Eastern Khanty (a.k.a. Ostjak) reside to the east of the Ural Range along the south-western tributaries of the Ob' river: Vasyugan and Yugan, and the eastern tributary Vakh.",bib2629,yes -8552-location-4,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Tomsk region, Russia""]}",,,bib2630,no -8552-speaker_number-1,8552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 40 years",bib6475,no -8552-speakers-1,8552,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<5,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""probably none"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 40 years",bib6475,no -8552-speaker_number-2,8552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...followed by mandatory education and the rapid development of local oil and gas reserves, there are today only about 20 Vasyugan Khanty, 10 Alexandrovo, 150 Vakh and 300 Yugan Khanty speakers left on the rivers.",bib2629,yes -8552-speakers-2,8552,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~480"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""Most speakers over 50 years old""}",,"...followed by mandatory education and the rapid development of local oil and gas reserves, there are today only about 20 Vasyugan Khanty, 10 Alexandrovo, 150 Vakh and 300 Yugan Khanty speakers left on the rivers.",bib2629,yes -8552-speaker_number-3,8552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,under 100 (Vasyugan and Alexandrovo varieties),bib2630,no -8552-speakers-3,8552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,under 100 (Vasyugan and Alexandrovo varieties),bib2630,no -8552-LEI-1,8552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -8552-transmission-1,8552,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6475,no -8552-speaker_number_trends-1,8552,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,no -8552-vitality-1,8552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no -8552-LEI-2,8552,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2629,yes -8552-transmission-2,8552,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2629,yes -8552-vitality-2,8552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2629,yes -8552-LEI-3,8552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2630,no -8552-vitality-3,8552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2630,no -8553-context-1,8553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,Degree of speakers' competence: under interference from Russian.,bib6475,no -8553-context-2,8553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the Tomsk region, the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory Selkup has a status of a protected language... All Selkups speaking Selkup are bilingual with Russian as their second or sometimes their first language. There are no Selkup speaking monolinguals any more.",bib4075,yes -8553-location-1,8553,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the basin of the river Taz (flowing to the Arctic Ocean), as well as in the Baikha-Turukhan river system, to the west of the upper Yenisei, partly within the tundra zone; administratively mainly within the Krasnosel'kup raion of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia.""}",,,bib6475,no -8553-location-2,8553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.7035, 82.4441]]}",,,bib5307,no -8553-location-3,8553,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area the Northern Selkup reside at the middle and upper flow of the river Taz and its tributaries. In the villages Ratta, Kikkiakki, and the-Upper-Tolka they build the bulk of the population. About 50 Selkup live in Salekhard, the administrative centre of the autonomous area. \n\nIn the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk area the Selkup mostly live in the middle flow of the Yenisei, mostly at its link tributary the river Turukhan (with its tributaries the Upper and the Lower Baikha). In the village Farkovo they constitute the majority of the population. In some villages at the Yenisei they live among the Ket. Some Selkups also live in the village Kellog at the Yelogui, a link tributary of the Yenisei.""}",,,bib4075,yes -8553-speaker_number-1,8553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,no -8553-speakers-1,8553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,no -8553-speaker_number-2,8553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to our estimation basing on the results of a series of sociolinguistic surveys lead in the Krasnoselkup and Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and in the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory in 1996-2003, at present in the Northern group there are no more than 600 Selkup speakers left which is a little bit less than one third of the group strength (1833, according to the data of the Census 1989, 2166, according to the data of the Census 2002), and there are some (though rather few) children among the Selkup speakers... The number of 1641 Selkup speakers given as a result of the Census 2002 appears most doubtful.",bib4075,yes -8553-speakers-2,8553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,166"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to our estimation basing on the results of a series of sociolinguistic surveys lead in the Krasnoselkup and Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and in the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory in 1996-2003, at present in the Northern group there are no more than 600 Selkup speakers left which is a little bit less than one third of the group strength (1833, according to the data of the Census 1989, 2166, according to the data of the Census 2002), and there are some (though rather few) children among the Selkup speakers... The number of 1641 Selkup speakers given as a result of the Census 2002 appears most doubtful.",bib4075,yes -8553-LEI-1,8553,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6475,no -8553-transmission-1,8553,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6475,no -8553-speaker_number_trends-1,8553,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6475,no -8553-vitality-1,8553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6475,no -8553-LEI-2,8553,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4075,yes -8553-transmission-2,8553,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4075,yes -8553-domains_of_use-2,8553,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4075,yes -8553-vitality-2,8553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4075,yes -8554-context-1,8554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6475,no -8554-context-2,8554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2631,yes -8554-location-1,8554,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basin of the upper Ob and on its tributaries, from the Chaya in the south to the Tym in the north; with each river basin having a dialect of its own""}",,,bib6475,no -8554-location-2,8554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.8903, 82.0129]]}",,,bib5307,no -8554-speaker_number-1,8554,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,no -8554-speakers-1,8554,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,no -8554-speaker_number-2,8554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of speakers of Central Selkup is reliably below 10, more precisely 2 persons (possibly but unlikely 3), both fully bilingual (Russian-Selkup), both aged over 60.",bib2631,yes -8554-speakers-2,8554,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of speakers of Central Selkup is reliably below 10, more precisely 2 persons (possibly but unlikely 3), both fully bilingual (Russian-Selkup), both aged over 60.",bib2631,yes -8554-LEI-1,8554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6475,no -8554-transmission-1,8554,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6475,no -8554-speaker_number_trends-1,8554,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6475,no -8554-vitality-1,8554,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6475,no -8554-LEI-2,8554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2631,yes -8554-vitality-2,8554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2631,yes -8555-context-1,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: probably rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers.",bib6475,no -8555-context-2,8555,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2631,yes -8555-context-3,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib2632,no -8555-context-4,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the Tomsk region, the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory Selkup has a status of a protected language... Traditional spheres of the functioning of Selkup are family, traditional activities (hunting, fishing, and reindeer herding for transport needs), and oral lore... All Selkups speaking Selkup are bilingual with Russian as their second or sometimes their first language. There are no Selkup speaking monolinguals any more.",bib4075,no -8555-location-1,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the basin of the river Ket', an eastern tributary to the upper Ob.""}",,,bib6475,no -8555-location-2,8555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.6626, 85.8581]]}",,,bib5307,no -8555-location-3,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Tomsk and Tyumen oblasts and Krasnoyarsk krai""], ""Description"": ""Between the Ob and Yenisenei rivers"", ""Coordinates"": [[59.964395, 83.932541]]}",,,bib2632,no -8555-location-4,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The Selkup are dispersed on a large area of Western Siberia between the Middle Ob and the Yenisei in the territory of the Tomsk region, the Krasnoselkup and the Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area, and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory... In the Tomsk region the Selkup reside in the middle flow of the Ob and its tributaries the Ket\u2019, the Tym, the Parabel\u2019, and the Vasyugan... Rather a large group of the Selkup live in Napas. About 30 % of the Southern Selkup live in the towns Kolpashevo, Kedroviy, and in the regional centre Tomsk.""}",,,bib4075,no -8555-speaker_number-1,8555,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6475,no -8555-speakers-1,8555,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6475,no -8555-speaker_number-2,8555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of speakers is reliably below 10, more precisely 1 person (possibly but unlikely - 2), fully bilingual.",bib2631,yes -8555-speakers-2,8555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of speakers is reliably below 10, more precisely 1 person (possibly but unlikely - 2), fully bilingual.",bib2631,yes -8555-speaker_number-3,8555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""... Южноселькупские [диалелты] находятся в крайней степени угрозы исчезновения, насчитывая официально 50 [Перепись 2010], но фактически не более 5 носителей, представляющих в основном один диалект. Таким образом, статистические сведения по этнической самоидентифакции не отражают степени сохранности языка."" [Southern Selkup (dialects) are under an extreme threat of extinction, numbering officially 50 speakers (Census 2010), but in reality not more than 5 speakers, representing basically one dialect. Thus, statistical data about ethnic self-identification do not reflect the degree of language conservation.]",bib2632,no -8555-speakers-3,8555,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No more than 5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""... Южноселькупские [диалелты] находятся в крайней степени угрозы исчезновения, насчитывая официально 50 [Перепись 2010], но фактически не более 5 носителей, представляющих в основном один диалект. Таким образом, статистические сведения по этнической самоидентифакции не отражают степени сохранности языка."" [Southern Selkup (dialects) are under an extreme threat of extinction, numbering officially 50 speakers (Census 2010), but in reality not more than 5 speakers, representing basically one dialect. Thus, statistical data about ethnic self-identification do not reflect the degree of language conservation.]",bib2632,no -8555-speaker_number-4,8555,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to the data of the Tomsk linguists, there are no more than 15-20 speakers of all the dialects of the Southern Selkup group altogether left, and they all are over 70.",bib4075,no -8555-speakers-4,8555,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15-20""}",,"According to the data of the Tomsk linguists, there are no more than 15-20 speakers of all the dialects of the Southern Selkup group altogether left, and they all are over 70.",bib4075,no -8555-LEI-1,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,no -8555-transmission-1,8555,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,no -8555-speaker_number_trends-1,8555,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,no -8555-vitality-1,8555,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,no -8555-LEI-2,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2631,yes -8555-vitality-2,8555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2631,yes -8555-LEI-3,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2632,no -8555-vitality-3,8555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2632,no -8555-LEI-4,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4075,no -8555-transmission-4,8555,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4075,no -8555-domains_of_use-4,8555,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4075,no -8555-speaker_number_trends-4,8555,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4075,no -8555-vitality-4,8555,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4075,no -8556-context-1,8556,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: increasingly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian",bib6475,yes -8556-location-1,8556,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the mouth region of the Amur, within Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6475,yes -8556-location-2,8556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.2684, 140.4107]]}",,,bib5307,no -8556-speaker_number-1,8556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6475,yes -8556-speakers-1,8556,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6475,yes -8556-LEI-1,8556,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -8556-transmission-1,8556,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6475,yes -8556-speaker_number_trends-1,8556,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -8556-vitality-1,8556,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6475,yes -8557-context-1,8557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian""}",,"Since children are educated in Standard Mongolian, there is a lot of variation as to how consistently any given individual will preserve New Bargut features in his native speech.",bib6475,yes -8557-location-1,8557,location,"{""Places"": [""Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""in the southwestern part of the Barga steppe region, within the Right and Left Xin Baerhu Banners of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.684, 116.814]]}",,,bib6475,yes -8557-speaker_number-1,8557,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,total number of speakers: no exact data available; possibly still a majority of the total ethnic group,bib6475,yes -8557-speakers-1,8557,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,total number of speakers: no exact data available; possibly still a majority of the total ethnic group,bib6475,yes -8557-LEI-1,8557,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6475,yes -8557-transmission-1,8557,transmission,1,transmission-1,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6475,yes -8557-speaker_number_trends-1,8557,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6475,yes -8557-vitality-1,8557,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6475,yes -8558-context-1,8558,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian""}",,"Since children are educated in Standard Mongolian, there is a lot of variation as to how consistently any given individual will preserve Old Bargut features in his native speech; currently, a mixed variety of speech seems to be emerging, which may be classified as a dialect of Mongolian proper.",bib6475,yes -8558-location-1,8558,location,"{""Places"": [""Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""in the northern part of the Barga steppe region, within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.506, 119.43]]}",,,bib6475,yes -8558-speakers-1,8558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,total number of speakers: no exact data available; probably only a minority of the total ethnic group,bib6475,yes -8558-LEI-1,8558,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6475,yes -8558-transmission-1,8558,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6475,yes -8558-speaker_number_trends-1,8558,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6475,yes -8558-vitality-1,8558,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6475,yes -856-context-1,856,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church (Hausa), education (Hausa and English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, English, Margi, Kamwe, Wula""}",,"Based on an informal survey (the participants in the documentation project) of 200 Sakun speakers, Sakun speak between 2 and 7 languages with the majority speaking Hausa in addition to Sakun.",bib7284,no -856-location-1,856,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by approximately 15,000 people at the UNESCO World Heritage Sukur Cultural Landscape."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.735838, 13.567772]]}",,,bib2718,yes -856-location-2,856,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Mandara mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.73, 13.57]]}",,"The Sakun occupy the massif west of Bama road stretching S.E. from Madagali towards the Cameroon border (13°34’E and 10°44’N). Sakun speakers are also found in Gwoza, Michika, Mubi and several major Nigerian cities.",bib7284,no +8550-context-1,8550,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: generally good, though under increasing interference from Russian; Northern Khanty itself is, however, far from a uniform language, and the dialectal varieties cannot be served by a single normative standard.",bib6499,yes +8550-location-1,8550,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the lower Ob basin and on its tributaries; administratively mainly within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia""}",,,bib6499,yes +8550-location-2,8550,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[63.7047, 66.676]]}",,,bib5330,no +8550-speaker_number-1,8550,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,yes +8550-speakers-1,8550,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,yes +8550-LEI-1,8550,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6499,yes +8550-transmission-1,8550,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6499,yes +8550-speaker_number_trends-1,8550,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6499,yes +8550-vitality-1,8550,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Northern Khanty is reportedly still being used in many families as an idiom of internal communication, though Russian is universally learnt as the dominant language; native language skills are, however, often destroyed by the unifying boarding school system, operating in Russian only.",bib6499,yes +8551-context-1,8551,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Siberian Tatar""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: Southern Khanty used to be under strong interference not only from Russian, but also from Siberian Tatar.",bib6499,yes +8551-location-1,8551,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the lower Irtysh basin and on its tributaries""}",,,bib6499,yes +8551-location-2,8551,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.4301, 69.9829]]}",,,bib5330,no +8551-speakers-1,8551,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No known speakers"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,,bib6499,yes +8551-LEI-1,8551,LEI,Dormant (),,"According to unconfirmed information there are no speakers left; in any case, the transmission of the language to children has ceased long ago.",bib6499,yes +8551-vitality-1,8551,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,"According to unconfirmed information there are no speakers left; in any case, the transmission of the language to children has ceased long ago.",bib6499,yes +8552-context-1,8552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Central Selkup""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers; there is also some traditional bilingualism between Eastern Khanty and Central Selkup",bib6499,no +8552-context-3,8552,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib2643,no +8552-location-1,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""along the western and eastern tributaries to the middle Ob, from the Vasyugan to the Pim""}",,,bib6499,no +8552-location-2,8552,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.2491, 74.5092]]}",,,bib5330,no +8552-location-3,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Tomsk oblast', Russia""], ""Coordinates"": [[59.973386, 74.439999], [60.768054, 76.971311], [58.873858, 77.547301]]}",,"The Eastern Khanty (a.k.a. Ostjak) reside to the east of the Ural Range along the south-western tributaries of the Ob' river: Vasyugan and Yugan, and the eastern tributary Vakh.",bib2642,yes +8552-location-4,8552,location,"{""Places"": [""Tomsk region, Russia""]}",,,bib2643,no +8552-speaker_number-1,8552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 40 years",bib6499,no +8552-speakers-1,8552,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<5,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""probably none"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"mean age of youngest speakers: unknown, but hardly less than 40 years",bib6499,no +8552-speaker_number-2,8552,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"...followed by mandatory education and the rapid development of local oil and gas reserves, there are today only about 20 Vasyugan Khanty, 10 Alexandrovo, 150 Vakh and 300 Yugan Khanty speakers left on the rivers.",bib2642,yes +8552-speakers-2,8552,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<1000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~480"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""Most speakers over 50 years old""}",,"...followed by mandatory education and the rapid development of local oil and gas reserves, there are today only about 20 Vasyugan Khanty, 10 Alexandrovo, 150 Vakh and 300 Yugan Khanty speakers left on the rivers.",bib2642,yes +8552-speaker_number-3,8552,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,under 100 (Vasyugan and Alexandrovo varieties),bib2643,no +8552-speakers-3,8552,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,under 100 (Vasyugan and Alexandrovo varieties),bib2643,no +8552-LEI-1,8552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +8552-transmission-1,8552,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6499,no +8552-speaker_number_trends-1,8552,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,no +8552-vitality-1,8552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no +8552-LEI-2,8552,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2642,yes +8552-transmission-2,8552,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2642,yes +8552-vitality-2,8552,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The recent survey... shows that Eastern Khanty dialects... [are] being used increasingly less as means of daily communication. There are almost no child speakers, and only the older generation preserves knowledge of the language. There are, however, members of the Khanty communities, who maintain a strong ethnic identity, and who initiate and welcome efforts aiming at preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage, and are eager to assist linguistic researchers in the area.",bib2642,yes +8552-LEI-3,8552,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2643,no +8552-vitality-3,8552,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2643,no +8553-context-1,8553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,Degree of speakers' competence: under interference from Russian.,bib6499,no +8553-context-2,8553,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the Tomsk region, the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory Selkup has a status of a protected language... All Selkups speaking Selkup are bilingual with Russian as their second or sometimes their first language. There are no Selkup speaking monolinguals any more.",bib4095,yes +8553-location-1,8553,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the basin of the river Taz (flowing to the Arctic Ocean), as well as in the Baikha-Turukhan river system, to the west of the upper Yenisei, partly within the tundra zone; administratively mainly within the Krasnosel'kup raion of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Tyumen' Oblast, Russia.""}",,,bib6499,no +8553-location-2,8553,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[65.7035, 82.4441]]}",,,bib5330,no +8553-location-3,8553,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area the Northern Selkup reside at the middle and upper flow of the river Taz and its tributaries. In the villages Ratta, Kikkiakki, and the-Upper-Tolka they build the bulk of the population. About 50 Selkup live in Salekhard, the administrative centre of the autonomous area. \n\nIn the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk area the Selkup mostly live in the middle flow of the Yenisei, mostly at its link tributary the river Turukhan (with its tributaries the Upper and the Lower Baikha). In the village Farkovo they constitute the majority of the population. In some villages at the Yenisei they live among the Ket. Some Selkups also live in the village Kellog at the Yelogui, a link tributary of the Yenisei.""}",,,bib4095,yes +8553-speaker_number-1,8553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,no +8553-speakers-1,8553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,no +8553-speaker_number-2,8553,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"According to our estimation basing on the results of a series of sociolinguistic surveys lead in the Krasnoselkup and Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and in the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory in 1996-2003, at present in the Northern group there are no more than 600 Selkup speakers left which is a little bit less than one third of the group strength (1833, according to the data of the Census 1989, 2166, according to the data of the Census 2002), and there are some (though rather few) children among the Selkup speakers... The number of 1641 Selkup speakers given as a result of the Census 2002 appears most doubtful.",bib4095,yes +8553-speakers-2,8553,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,166"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<600"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1996-2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"According to our estimation basing on the results of a series of sociolinguistic surveys lead in the Krasnoselkup and Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and in the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory in 1996-2003, at present in the Northern group there are no more than 600 Selkup speakers left which is a little bit less than one third of the group strength (1833, according to the data of the Census 1989, 2166, according to the data of the Census 2002), and there are some (though rather few) children among the Selkup speakers... The number of 1641 Selkup speakers given as a result of the Census 2002 appears most doubtful.",bib4095,yes +8553-LEI-1,8553,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6499,no +8553-transmission-1,8553,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6499,no +8553-speaker_number_trends-1,8553,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6499,no +8553-vitality-1,8553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The only member of the Selkup group of idioms that, for the moment, is not yet threatened by imminent extinction.",bib6499,no +8553-LEI-2,8553,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4095,yes +8553-transmission-2,8553,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4095,yes +8553-domains_of_use-2,8553,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4095,yes +8553-vitality-2,8553,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"The preservation of the Northern dialect is much better [than the Southern dialect] but still far from rejoicing. Since the 1970s the Northern dialect began to lose its positions: in larger settlements with the bulk of the population formed by newcomers from different parts of Russia and Selkups being a minority it is rarely spoken even in purely Selkup families (and one third of all Selkup families in the district are mixed being Selkup-Russian, Selkup-Ukrain, etc.) and its natural transmission from parents to children practically stopped. In small villages where Selkups constitute the majority of the population (Ratta, Pur Tolka) natural transmission of the language from parents to children is still preserved. To-day the functioning of Selkup is strongly connected with traditional activities of the population, especially reindeer herding.",bib4095,yes +8554-context-1,8554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers",bib6499,no +8554-context-2,8554,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2644,yes +8554-location-1,8554,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the basin of the upper Ob and on its tributaries, from the Chaya in the south to the Tym in the north; with each river basin having a dialect of its own""}",,,bib6499,no +8554-location-2,8554,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[59.8903, 82.0129]]}",,,bib5330,no +8554-speaker_number-1,8554,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,no +8554-speakers-1,8554,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0?"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,000"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,no +8554-speaker_number-2,8554,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of speakers of Central Selkup is reliably below 10, more precisely 2 persons (possibly but unlikely 3), both fully bilingual (Russian-Selkup), both aged over 60.",bib2644,yes +8554-speakers-2,8554,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of speakers of Central Selkup is reliably below 10, more precisely 2 persons (possibly but unlikely 3), both fully bilingual (Russian-Selkup), both aged over 60.",bib2644,yes +8554-LEI-1,8554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6499,no +8554-transmission-1,8554,transmission,5,transmission-5,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6499,no +8554-speaker_number_trends-1,8554,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6499,no +8554-vitality-1,8554,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Currently there is a wave of national awakening embracing even the linguistically assimilated part of the population; it seems, however, that this movement is mainly concerned about social and ecological problems, rather than about a true revigoration of the native language.",bib6499,no +8554-LEI-2,8554,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2644,yes +8554-vitality-2,8554,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2644,yes +8555-context-1,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: probably rudimentary, under strong interference from Russian, the principal language of the remaining speakers.",bib6499,no +8555-context-2,8555,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2644,yes +8555-context-3,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib2645,no +8555-context-4,8555,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Government Support"": ""Protected language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"In the Tomsk region, the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory Selkup has a status of a protected language... Traditional spheres of the functioning of Selkup are family, traditional activities (hunting, fishing, and reindeer herding for transport needs), and oral lore... All Selkups speaking Selkup are bilingual with Russian as their second or sometimes their first language. There are no Selkup speaking monolinguals any more.",bib4095,no +8555-location-1,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""In the basin of the river Ket', an eastern tributary to the upper Ob.""}",,,bib6499,no +8555-location-2,8555,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[58.6626, 85.8581]]}",,,bib5330,no +8555-location-3,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Tomsk and Tyumen oblasts and Krasnoyarsk krai""], ""Description"": ""Between the Ob and Yenisenei rivers"", ""Coordinates"": [[59.964395, 83.932541]]}",,,bib2645,no +8555-location-4,8555,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""The Selkup are dispersed on a large area of Western Siberia between the Middle Ob and the Yenisei in the territory of the Tomsk region, the Krasnoselkup and the Pur districts of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous area, and the Turukhansk district of the Krasnoyarsk territory... In the Tomsk region the Selkup reside in the middle flow of the Ob and its tributaries the Ket\u2019, the Tym, the Parabel\u2019, and the Vasyugan... Rather a large group of the Selkup live in Napas. About 30 % of the Southern Selkup live in the towns Kolpashevo, Kedroviy, and in the regional centre Tomsk.""}",,,bib4095,no +8555-speaker_number-1,8555,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib6499,no +8555-speakers-1,8555,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<200"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""Very few"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib6499,no +8555-speaker_number-2,8555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The number of speakers is reliably below 10, more precisely 1 person (possibly but unlikely - 2), fully bilingual.",bib2644,yes +8555-speakers-2,8555,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"The number of speakers is reliably below 10, more precisely 1 person (possibly but unlikely - 2), fully bilingual.",bib2644,yes +8555-speaker_number-3,8555,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"""... Южноселькупские [диалелты] находятся в крайней степени угрозы исчезновения, насчитывая официально 50 [Перепись 2010], но фактически не более 5 носителей, представляющих в основном один диалект. Таким образом, статистические сведения по этнической самоидентифакции не отражают степени сохранности языка."" [Southern Selkup (dialects) are under an extreme threat of extinction, numbering officially 50 speakers (Census 2010), but in reality not more than 5 speakers, representing basically one dialect. Thus, statistical data about ethnic self-identification do not reflect the degree of language conservation.]",bib2645,no +8555-speakers-3,8555,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~1200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""No more than 5"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010 (ethnic population)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"""... Южноселькупские [диалелты] находятся в крайней степени угрозы исчезновения, насчитывая официально 50 [Перепись 2010], но фактически не более 5 носителей, представляющих в основном один диалект. Таким образом, статистические сведения по этнической самоидентифакции не отражают степени сохранности языка."" [Southern Selkup (dialects) are under an extreme threat of extinction, numbering officially 50 speakers (Census 2010), but in reality not more than 5 speakers, representing basically one dialect. Thus, statistical data about ethnic self-identification do not reflect the degree of language conservation.]",bib2645,no +8555-speaker_number-4,8555,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"According to the data of the Tomsk linguists, there are no more than 15-20 speakers of all the dialects of the Southern Selkup group altogether left, and they all are over 70.",bib4095,no +8555-speakers-4,8555,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""15-20"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""15-20""}",,"According to the data of the Tomsk linguists, there are no more than 15-20 speakers of all the dialects of the Southern Selkup group altogether left, and they all are over 70.",bib4095,no +8555-LEI-1,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,no +8555-transmission-1,8555,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,no +8555-speaker_number_trends-1,8555,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,no +8555-vitality-1,8555,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,no +8555-LEI-2,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2644,yes +8555-vitality-2,8555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2644,yes +8555-LEI-3,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2645,no +8555-vitality-3,8555,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2645,no +8555-LEI-4,8555,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4095,no +8555-transmission-4,8555,transmission,5,transmission-5,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4095,no +8555-domains_of_use-4,8555,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4095,no +8555-speaker_number_trends-4,8555,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4095,no +8555-vitality-4,8555,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The transmission of the southern Selkup dialects from parents to children has stopped since some decades. Now these dialects are spoken only by some elderly people.",bib4095,no +8556-context-1,8556,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: increasingly rudimentary, with strong interference from Russian",bib6499,yes +8556-location-1,8556,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""in the mouth region of the Amur, within Khabarovsk Region (Krai) of the Russian Far East""}",,,bib6499,yes +8556-location-2,8556,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[53.2684, 140.4107]]}",,,bib5330,no +8556-speaker_number-1,8556,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6499,yes +8556-speakers-1,8556,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~2,500"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6499,yes +8556-LEI-1,8556,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +8556-transmission-1,8556,transmission,3,transmission-3,,bib6499,yes +8556-speaker_number_trends-1,8556,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +8556-vitality-1,8556,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6499,yes +8557-context-1,8557,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian""}",,"Since children are educated in Standard Mongolian, there is a lot of variation as to how consistently any given individual will preserve New Bargut features in his native speech.",bib6499,yes +8557-location-1,8557,location,"{""Places"": [""Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""in the southwestern part of the Barga steppe region, within the Right and Left Xin Baerhu Banners of Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[48.684, 116.814]]}",,,bib6499,yes +8557-speaker_number-1,8557,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,total number of speakers: no exact data available; possibly still a majority of the total ethnic group,bib6499,yes +8557-speakers-1,8557,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,total number of speakers: no exact data available; possibly still a majority of the total ethnic group,bib6499,yes +8557-LEI-1,8557,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6499,yes +8557-transmission-1,8557,transmission,1,transmission-1,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6499,yes +8557-speaker_number_trends-1,8557,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6499,yes +8557-vitality-1,8557,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the language is apparently still being learnt by many children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian, the official minority language of Inner Mongolia",bib6499,yes +8558-context-1,8558,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mongolian""}",,"Since children are educated in Standard Mongolian, there is a lot of variation as to how consistently any given individual will preserve Old Bargut features in his native speech; currently, a mixed variety of speech seems to be emerging, which may be classified as a dialect of Mongolian proper.",bib6499,yes +8558-location-1,8558,location,"{""Places"": [""Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""in the northern part of the Barga steppe region, within the Chen Baerhu Banner of Hulun Buir Aimak"", ""Coordinates"": [[49.506, 119.43]]}",,,bib6499,yes +8558-speakers-1,8558,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""<50,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993""}",,total number of speakers: no exact data available; probably only a minority of the total ethnic group,bib6499,yes +8558-LEI-1,8558,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6499,yes +8558-transmission-1,8558,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6499,yes +8558-speaker_number_trends-1,8558,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6499,yes +8558-vitality-1,8558,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is probably still being learnt by some children in pre-school age, but native language skills are undermined in later age, even more than among the speakers of New Bargut, by the assimilative pressure of Standard Mongolian.",bib6499,yes +856-context-1,856,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""church (Hausa), education (Hausa and English)""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Hausa, Fulfulde, English, Margi, Kamwe, Wula""}",,"Based on an informal survey (the participants in the documentation project) of 200 Sakun speakers, Sakun speak between 2 and 7 languages with the majority speaking Hausa in addition to Sakun.",bib7308,no +856-location-1,856,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Spoken by approximately 15,000 people at the UNESCO World Heritage Sukur Cultural Landscape."", ""Coordinates"": [[10.735838, 13.567772]]}",,,bib2732,yes +856-location-2,856,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Mandara mountains"", ""Coordinates"": [[10.73, 13.57]]}",,"The Sakun occupy the massif west of Bama road stretching S.E. from Madagali towards the Cameroon border (13°34’E and 10°44’N). Sakun speakers are also found in Gwoza, Michika, Mubi and several major Nigerian cities.",bib7308,no 856-location-3,856,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""North tip Adamawa state, Michika LGA, Mandara Mountains.""}",,,bib67,no -856-speaker_number-1,856,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2718,yes -856-speakers-1,856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2718,yes -856-speaker_number-2,856,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number 15,000 is taken from the 15th edition of Ethnologue (2005). ""The number 20,000 is based on a survey conducted in 2010 by the District Head in Mataka. This number still does not reflect the number of Sakun speakers living down in Sukur Settlement adjacent Madagali. Estimates are as high as 27,000 total native Sakun speakers. As with many languages in the area, the estimated number of speakers does not reflect those speaking Sakun as a second language. Just as many Sakun speaker [sic] other minority languages in the area, many non-Sakun may still speak Sakun.""",bib7284,no -856-speakers-2,856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number 15,000 is taken from the 15th edition of Ethnologue (2005). ""The number 20,000 is based on a survey conducted in 2010 by the District Head in Mataka. This number still does not reflect the number of Sakun speakers living down in Sukur Settlement adjacent Madagali. Estimates are as high as 27,000 total native Sakun speakers. As with many languages in the area, the estimated number of speakers does not reflect those speaking Sakun as a second language. Just as many Sakun speaker [sic] other minority languages in the area, many non-Sakun may still speak Sakun.""",bib7284,no +856-speaker_number-1,856,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2732,yes +856-speakers-1,856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib2732,yes +856-speaker_number-2,856,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number 15,000 is taken from the 15th edition of Ethnologue (2005). ""The number 20,000 is based on a survey conducted in 2010 by the District Head in Mataka. This number still does not reflect the number of Sakun speakers living down in Sukur Settlement adjacent Madagali. Estimates are as high as 27,000 total native Sakun speakers. As with many languages in the area, the estimated number of speakers does not reflect those speaking Sakun as a second language. Just as many Sakun speaker [sic] other minority languages in the area, many non-Sakun may still speak Sakun.""",bib7308,no +856-speakers-2,856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number 15,000 is taken from the 15th edition of Ethnologue (2005). ""The number 20,000 is based on a survey conducted in 2010 by the District Head in Mataka. This number still does not reflect the number of Sakun speakers living down in Sukur Settlement adjacent Madagali. Estimates are as high as 27,000 total native Sakun speakers. As with many languages in the area, the estimated number of speakers does not reflect those speaking Sakun as a second language. Just as many Sakun speaker [sic] other minority languages in the area, many non-Sakun may still speak Sakun.""",bib7308,no 856-speaker_number-3,856,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 856-speakers-3,856,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -856-LEI-1,856,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2718,yes -856-vitality-1,856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2718,yes -856-LEI-2,856,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7284,no -856-transmission-2,856,transmission,0,transmission-0,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7284,no -856-domains_of_use-2,856,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7284,no -856-vitality-2,856,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7284,no +856-LEI-1,856,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2732,yes +856-vitality-1,856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2732,yes +856-LEI-2,856,LEI,"Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7308,no +856-transmission-2,856,transmission,0,transmission-0,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7308,no +856-domains_of_use-2,856,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7308,no +856-vitality-2,856,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,children are still speaking it as a first language and children are often cited as being the best tellers of the traditional stories or gəmakákaw.,bib7308,no 856-LEI-3,856,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 856-vitality-3,856,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8569-context-1,8569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: in many cases reportedly fluent, but under the influence of neighbouring idioms; there is widespread multilingualism in Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese, and other languages",bib6475,no -8569-context-2,8569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Kazakh"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,Medium of instruction is Mandarin or Kazakh. Higher educated people and males who are in contact with other linguistic groups use Sinkiang Dagur less often.,bib2171,yes -8569-location-1,8569,location,"{""Places"": [""Xinjiang, China""], ""Description"": ""In the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.521202, 81.742894]]}",,,bib6475,no -8569-location-2,8569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7737, 83.0017]]}",,,bib5307,no -8569-location-3,8569,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xinjiang Province (\u65b0\u7586)""}",,,bib2171,yes -8569-speaker_number-1,8569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6475,no -8569-speakers-1,8569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6475,no -8569-speaker_number-2,8569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -8569-speakers-2,8569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -8569-speakers-3,8569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census""}",,,bib2171,yes -8569-LEI-1,8569,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6475,no -8569-transmission-1,8569,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6475,no -8569-vitality-1,8569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6475,no -8569-LEI-2,8569,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8569-vitality-2,8569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8569-LEI-3,8569,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2171,yes -8569-transmission-3,8569,transmission,1,transmission-1,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2171,yes -8569-domains_of_use-3,8569,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2171,yes -8569-speaker_number_trends-3,8569,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2171,yes -8569-vitality-3,8569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2171,yes -8570-context-1,8570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dagur; Chinese; Mongolian""}",,"generally fluent within those communities still retaining the language; unidirectional bilingualism in Dagur is very common, possibly universal",bib6475,yes -8570-context-2,8570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Mongolian; Dagur"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All are bilingual.,bib7437,no -8570-location-1,8570,location,"{""Places"": [""central and northwestern Manchuria, China""], ""Description"": ""administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (in the Imin basin), and the province of Heilongjiang (in the Nonni basin); officially concentrated in the Ewenke Autonomous Banner of Hulun Buir""}",,,bib6475,yes -8570-location-2,8570,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5307,no -8570-location-3,8570,location,"{""Places"": [""northern Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""most of them live in Hulun Buir city, and some in the Nonni basin of Heilongjiang province.""}",,,bib7437,no -8570-speaker_number-1,8570,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Of all Evenki-related idioms Solon has the largest number of speakers, in any case considerably more than Evenki has.",bib6475,yes -8570-speakers-1,8570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Of all Evenki-related idioms Solon has the largest number of speakers, in any case considerably more than Evenki has.",bib6475,yes -8570-speaker_number-2,8570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -8570-speakers-2,8570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -8570-speaker_number-3,8570,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In China, the Ewenki people are composed of three groups: the Solon Ewenki, the Tungus Ewenki, and the Yakut Ewenki though 90% of the Ewenki are the Solon. However, Solon Ewenki (Manchurian Ewenki) is linguistically different from the other two which belong to Siberian Ewenki. But Tungus Ewenki and Yakut Ewenki are regarded as dialects of Solon Ewenki in China.",bib7437,no -8570-speakers-3,8570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""261000 (90% * 29,000)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In China, the Ewenki people are composed of three groups: the Solon Ewenki, the Tungus Ewenki, and the Yakut Ewenki though 90% of the Ewenki are the Solon. However, Solon Ewenki (Manchurian Ewenki) is linguistically different from the other two which belong to Siberian Ewenki. But Tungus Ewenki and Yakut Ewenki are regarded as dialects of Solon Ewenki in China.",bib7437,no -8570-LEI-1,8570,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6475,yes -8570-transmission-1,8570,transmission,1,transmission-1,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6475,yes -8570-speaker_number_trends-1,8570,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6475,yes -8570-vitality-1,8570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6475,yes -8570-LEI-2,8570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8570-vitality-2,8570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8570-LEI-3,8570,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7437,no -8570-vitality-3,8570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7437,no -8571-context-1,8571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dagur, Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: in addition to the last fluent speaker, a few individuals know some isolated phrases or words",bib6475,yes -8571-location-1,8571,location,"{""Places"": [""Xinjiang, China""], ""Description"": ""in the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, China""}",,,bib6475,yes -8571-location-2,8571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7774, 83.0456]]}",,,bib5307,no -8571-speaker_number-1,8571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last speaker, of the male sex, was 79 in 1990.",bib6475,yes -8571-speakers-1,8571,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<20"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1?""}",,"The last speaker, of the male sex, was 79 in 1990.",bib6475,yes -8571-speakers-2,8571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,,bib5307,no -8571-LEI-1,8571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6475,yes -8571-transmission-1,8571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6475,yes -8571-domains_of_use-1,8571,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6475,yes -8571-speaker_number_trends-1,8571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6475,yes -8571-vitality-1,8571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6475,yes -8589-location-1,8589,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Eket and Uquo Ibeno LGAs.""}",,,bib980,yes -8589-location-2,8589,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,no +8569-context-1,8569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"Degree of speakers' competence: in many cases reportedly fluent, but under the influence of neighbouring idioms; there is widespread multilingualism in Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese, and other languages",bib6499,no +8569-context-2,8569,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin; Kazakh"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,Medium of instruction is Mandarin or Kazakh. Higher educated people and males who are in contact with other linguistic groups use Sinkiang Dagur less often.,bib2184,yes +8569-location-1,8569,location,"{""Places"": [""Xinjiang, China""], ""Description"": ""In the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, China"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.521202, 81.742894]]}",,,bib6499,no +8569-location-2,8569,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7737, 83.0017]]}",,,bib5330,no +8569-location-3,8569,location,"{""Places"": [""China""], ""Description"": ""Xinjiang Province (\u65b0\u7586)""}",,,bib2184,yes +8569-speaker_number-1,8569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6499,no +8569-speakers-1,8569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6499,no +8569-speaker_number-2,8569,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +8569-speakers-2,8569,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +8569-speakers-3,8569,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000 census""}",,,bib2184,yes +8569-LEI-1,8569,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6499,no +8569-transmission-1,8569,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6499,no +8569-vitality-1,8569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There is no reliable information, but the language is possibly still being learnt by some children.",bib6499,no +8569-LEI-2,8569,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8569-vitality-2,8569,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8569-LEI-3,8569,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2184,yes +8569-transmission-3,8569,transmission,1,transmission-1,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2184,yes +8569-domains_of_use-3,8569,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2184,yes +8569-speaker_number_trends-3,8569,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2184,yes +8569-vitality-3,8569,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Children and young adults (below 30) tend to use Mandarin or Kazakh in most domains (including home) though they might be capable of speaking Sinkiang Dagur. Older adults and elders use Sinkiang Dagur in most non-official domains when speaking to each other.,bib2184,yes +8570-context-1,8570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dagur; Chinese; Mongolian""}",,"generally fluent within those communities still retaining the language; unidirectional bilingualism in Dagur is very common, possibly universal",bib6499,yes +8570-context-2,8570,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Chinese; Mongolian; Dagur"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,All are bilingual.,bib7461,no +8570-location-1,8570,location,"{""Places"": [""central and northwestern Manchuria, China""], ""Description"": ""administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (in the Imin basin), and the province of Heilongjiang (in the Nonni basin); officially concentrated in the Ewenke Autonomous Banner of Hulun Buir""}",,,bib6499,yes +8570-location-2,8570,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[48.166, 119.4873]]}",,,bib5330,no +8570-location-3,8570,location,"{""Places"": [""northern Inner Mongolia, China""], ""Description"": ""most of them live in Hulun Buir city, and some in the Nonni basin of Heilongjiang province.""}",,,bib7461,no +8570-speaker_number-1,8570,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Of all Evenki-related idioms Solon has the largest number of speakers, in any case considerably more than Evenki has.",bib6499,yes +8570-speakers-1,8570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~20,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Of all Evenki-related idioms Solon has the largest number of speakers, in any case considerably more than Evenki has.",bib6499,yes +8570-speaker_number-2,8570,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +8570-speakers-2,8570,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +8570-speaker_number-3,8570,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"In China, the Ewenki people are composed of three groups: the Solon Ewenki, the Tungus Ewenki, and the Yakut Ewenki though 90% of the Ewenki are the Solon. However, Solon Ewenki (Manchurian Ewenki) is linguistically different from the other two which belong to Siberian Ewenki. But Tungus Ewenki and Yakut Ewenki are regarded as dialects of Solon Ewenki in China.",bib7461,no +8570-speakers-3,8570,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""261000 (90% * 29,000)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1992"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"In China, the Ewenki people are composed of three groups: the Solon Ewenki, the Tungus Ewenki, and the Yakut Ewenki though 90% of the Ewenki are the Solon. However, Solon Ewenki (Manchurian Ewenki) is linguistically different from the other two which belong to Siberian Ewenki. But Tungus Ewenki and Yakut Ewenki are regarded as dialects of Solon Ewenki in China.",bib7461,no +8570-LEI-1,8570,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6499,yes +8570-transmission-1,8570,transmission,1,transmission-1,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6499,yes +8570-speaker_number_trends-1,8570,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6499,yes +8570-vitality-1,8570,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it",bib6499,yes +8570-LEI-2,8570,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8570-vitality-2,8570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8570-LEI-3,8570,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7461,no +8570-vitality-3,8570,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7461,no +8571-context-1,8571,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dagur, Kazakh, Uigur, Chinese""}",,"degree of speakers' competence: in addition to the last fluent speaker, a few individuals know some isolated phrases or words",bib6499,yes +8571-location-1,8571,location,"{""Places"": [""Xinjiang, China""], ""Description"": ""in the Ili (Yili) region of Sinkiang (Xinjiang), within the Kazakh Autonomous District of the Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, China""}",,,bib6499,yes +8571-location-2,8571,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.7774, 83.0456]]}",,,bib5330,no +8571-speaker_number-1,8571,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"The last speaker, of the male sex, was 79 in 1990.",bib6499,yes +8571-speakers-1,8571,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""<20"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1?""}",,"The last speaker, of the male sex, was 79 in 1990.",bib6499,yes +8571-speakers-2,8571,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Extinct""}",,,bib5330,no +8571-LEI-1,8571,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6499,yes +8571-transmission-1,8571,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib6499,yes +8571-domains_of_use-1,8571,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6499,yes +8571-speaker_number_trends-1,8571,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib6499,yes +8571-vitality-1,8571,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6499,yes +8589-location-1,8589,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Eket and Uquo Ibeno LGAs.""}",,,bib984,yes +8589-location-2,8589,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,no 8589-location-3,8589,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.770001, 7.85914]]}",,,bib67,no -8589-speaker_number-1,8589,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"22,000 (1952 W&B); estimated 200,000 (1989)",bib980,yes -8589-speakers-1,8589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"22,000 (1952 W&B); estimated 200,000 (1989)",bib980,yes -8589-speaker_number-2,8589,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,no -8589-speakers-2,8589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,no +8589-speaker_number-1,8589,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"22,000 (1952 W&B); estimated 200,000 (1989)",bib984,yes +8589-speakers-1,8589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"22,000 (1952 W&B); estimated 200,000 (1989)",bib984,yes +8589-speaker_number-2,8589,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,no +8589-speakers-2,8589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,no 8589-speaker_number-3,8589,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 8589-speakers-3,8589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -8589-LEI-1,8589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -8589-vitality-1,8589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes -8589-LEI-2,8589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,no -8589-vitality-2,8589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,no +8589-LEI-1,8589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +8589-vitality-1,8589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes +8589-LEI-2,8589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,no +8589-vitality-2,8589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,no 8589-LEI-3,8589,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8589-vitality-3,8589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8590-location-1,8590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa\u2013Ibom State, Okobo LGA.""}",,,bib981,no -8590-location-2,8590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes -8590-speaker_number-1,8590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,200 (1945 F&J); 50,000.",bib981,no -8590-speakers-1,8590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,200 (1945 F&J); 50,000.",bib981,no -8590-speaker_number-2,8590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,yes -8590-speakers-2,8590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8590-location-1,8590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa\u2013Ibom State, Okobo LGA.""}",,,bib985,no +8590-location-2,8590,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes +8590-speaker_number-1,8590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"11,200 (1945 F&J); 50,000.",bib985,no +8590-speakers-1,8590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"11,200 (1945 F&J); 50,000.",bib985,no +8590-speaker_number-2,8590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,yes +8590-speakers-2,8590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8590-speaker_number-3,8590,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 8590-speakers-3,8590,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000 (Connell 1991)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -8590-LEI-1,8590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib981,no -8590-vitality-1,8590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib981,no -8590-LEI-2,8590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8590-vitality-2,8590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8590-LEI-1,8590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib985,no +8590-vitality-1,8590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib985,no +8590-LEI-2,8590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8590-vitality-2,8590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8590-LEI-3,8590,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8590-vitality-3,8590,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8591-location-1,8591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.44, 7.76]]}",,,bib3264,no -8591-location-2,8591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes +8591-location-1,8591,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.44, 7.76]]}",,,bib3280,no +8591-location-2,8591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes 8591-location-3,8591,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -8591-speaker_number-1,8591,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1791,yes -8591-speakers-1,8591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8591-speaker_number-1,8591,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1803,yes +8591-speakers-1,8591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8591-speaker_number-2,8591,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1998 B. Connell),bib67,no 8591-speakers-2,8591,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1998 B. Connell),bib67,no -8591-LEI-1,8591,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8591-vitality-1,8591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8591-LEI-1,8591,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8591-vitality-1,8591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8591-LEI-2,8591,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8591-vitality-2,8591,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8592-location-1,8592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, 7.93]]}",,,bib3264,no -8592-location-2,8592,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes +8592-location-1,8592,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.5, 7.93]]}",,,bib3280,no +8592-location-2,8592,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes 8592-location-3,8592,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -8592-speaker_number-1,8592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1791,yes -8592-speakers-1,8592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8592-speaker_number-1,8592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1803,yes +8592-speakers-1,8592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8592-speaker_number-2,8592,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 8592-speakers-2,8592,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -8592-LEI-1,8592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8592-vitality-1,8592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8592-LEI-1,8592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8592-vitality-1,8592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8592-LEI-2,8592,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8592-vitality-2,8592,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8593-location-1,8593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.7, 8.07]]}",,,bib3264,no -8593-location-2,8593,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes +8593-location-1,8593,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.7, 8.07]]}",,,bib3280,no +8593-location-2,8593,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes 8593-location-3,8593,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -8593-speaker_number-1,8593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1791,yes -8593-speakers-1,8593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8593-speaker_number-1,8593,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1803,yes +8593-speakers-1,8593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8593-speaker_number-2,8593,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 8593-speakers-2,8593,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -8593-LEI-1,8593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8593-vitality-1,8593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8593-LEI-1,8593,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8593-vitality-1,8593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8593-LEI-2,8593,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8593-vitality-2,8593,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8594-location-1,8594,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Mbo and Oron LGAs.""}",,,bib980,yes -8594-location-2,8594,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,no +8594-location-1,8594,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State, Mbo and Oron LGAs.""}",,,bib984,yes +8594-location-2,8594,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,no 8594-location-3,8594,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom state, Mbo and Oron LGAs."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.754658, 8.276181]]}",,,bib67,no -8594-speaker_number-1,8594,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"More than 5,000 (1988).",bib980,yes -8594-speakers-1,8594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"More than 5,000 (1988).",bib980,yes -8594-speaker_number-2,8594,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,no -8594-speakers-2,8594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,no +8594-speaker_number-1,8594,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"More than 5,000 (1988).",bib984,yes +8594-speakers-1,8594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"More than 5,000 (1988).",bib984,yes +8594-speaker_number-2,8594,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,no +8594-speakers-2,8594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,no 8594-speaker_number-3,8594,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 8594-speakers-3,8594,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -8594-LEI-1,8594,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib980,yes -8594-vitality-1,8594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib980,yes -8594-LEI-2,8594,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,no -8594-vitality-2,8594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,no +8594-LEI-1,8594,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib984,yes +8594-vitality-1,8594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib984,yes +8594-LEI-2,8594,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,no +8594-vitality-2,8594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,no 8594-LEI-3,8594,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8594-vitality-3,8594,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8595-location-1,8595,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.643891, 7.97043]]}",,,bib1791,yes -8595-speaker_number-1,8595,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,yes -8595-speakers-1,8595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8595-location-1,8595,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.643891, 7.97043]]}",,,bib1803,yes +8595-speaker_number-1,8595,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,yes +8595-speakers-1,8595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8595-speaker_number-2,8595,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 8595-speakers-2,8595,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -8595-LEI-1,8595,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8595-vitality-1,8595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8595-LEI-1,8595,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8595-vitality-1,8595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8595-LEI-2,8595,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8595-vitality-2,8595,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8596-context-1,8596,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Nigeria""}",,,bib67,no -8596-location-1,8596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6, 8.15]]}",,,bib3264,no -8596-location-2,8596,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes +8596-location-1,8596,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.6, 8.15]]}",,,bib3280,no +8596-location-2,8596,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes 8596-location-3,8596,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -8596-speaker_number-1,8596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1791,yes -8596-speakers-1,8596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8596-speaker_number-1,8596,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1803,yes +8596-speakers-1,8596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8596-speaker_number-2,8596,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(Faraclas 1989),bib67,no 8596-speakers-2,8596,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(Faraclas 1989),bib67,no -8596-LEI-1,8596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8596-vitality-1,8596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8596-LEI-1,8596,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8596-vitality-1,8596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8596-LEI-2,8596,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8596-vitality-2,8596,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8598-context-1,8598,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ibibio"", ""Institutional Support"": ""The Anaang Community, Calabar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All understand Ibibio""}",,"The Anaang Community, Calabar, is currently spearheading the Anaang orthography... The Ibibio language is understood by speakers of the other varieties of the state, all of which have at least a one way mutual intelligibility with it.",bib369,yes -8598-location-1,8598,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Utu Edem Usung""}",,,bib7838,no +8598-location-1,8598,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Town of Utu Edem Usung""}",,,bib7863,no 8598-location-2,8598,location,"{""Places"": [""Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom State is situated in the south eastern corner of Nigeria, as one of the states that make up the South South Geo-political Zone."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.193697, 7.933819], [4.990398, 7.763793], [4.943625, 7.577806], [4.846049, 7.749283]]}",,"The Anaang language is the second dominant language spoken in the state. It is spoken in eight (out of the thirty one L.G.As). These are : Ikot Ekpene, Abak, Essien Udim, Etim Ekpo, Obot Akara, Ika, Oruk Anam and Ukanafun.",bib369,yes 8598-location-3,8598,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Akwa Ibom state, Ikot Ekpene, Essien Udim, Abak, Ukanafun, and Oruk-Anam LGAs."", ""Coordinates"": [[5.182927, 7.715479], [4.982916, 7.782562]]}",,,bib67,no 8598-speaker_number-1,8598,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,It [Akwa Ibom] has a total population of 2.4 million following the 1991 census.,bib369,yes @@ -64357,117 +64561,117 @@ Language articles in the Wiyot newsletter.",bib7405,yes 8598-LEI-2,8598,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Taught in primary schools. TV.,bib67,no 8598-domains_of_use-2,8598,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Taught in primary schools. TV.,bib67,no 8598-vitality-2,8598,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Taught in primary schools. TV.,bib67,no -8599-location-1,8599,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.652842, 8.251014]]}",,,bib1791,yes -8599-speaker_number-1,8599,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1791,yes -8599-speakers-1,8599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8599-location-1,8599,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.652842, 8.251014]]}",,,bib1803,yes +8599-speaker_number-1,8599,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib1803,yes +8599-speakers-1,8599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8599-speaker_number-2,8599,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 8599-speakers-2,8599,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -8599-LEI-1,8599,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8599-vitality-1,8599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8599-LEI-1,8599,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8599-vitality-1,8599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8599-LEI-2,8599,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8599-vitality-2,8599,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8600-location-1,8600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.53, 7.8]]}",,,bib3264,no -8600-location-2,8600,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1791,yes +8600-location-1,8600,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[5.53, 7.8]]}",,,bib3280,no +8600-location-2,8600,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""The lower part of the Cross River basin of southeastern Nigeria.""}",,,bib1803,yes 8600-location-3,8600,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""]}",,,bib67,no -8600-speaker_number-1,8600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1791,yes -8600-speakers-1,8600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1791,yes +8600-speaker_number-1,8600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1803,yes +8600-speakers-1,8600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1803,yes 8600-speaker_number-2,8600,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 8600-speakers-2,8600,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1988"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -8600-LEI-1,8600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1791,yes -8600-vitality-1,8600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1791,yes +8600-LEI-1,8600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1803,yes +8600-vitality-1,8600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1803,yes 8600-LEI-2,8600,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8600-vitality-2,8600,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8601-context-1,8601,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Strong sense of ethnic identity"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Taught in primary schools since 2001. Taught as second language in secondary schools""}",,,bib69,no -8601-context-2,8601,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Important part of identity for some"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Immersion school""}",,"Today, seventy Manx children, mostly from English-speaking homes, attend Bunscoill Ghaelgagh immersion school.",bib3330,yes +8601-context-2,8601,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Important part of identity for some"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Immersion school""}",,"Today, seventy Manx children, mostly from English-speaking homes, attend Bunscoill Ghaelgagh immersion school.",bib3347,yes 8601-location-1,8601,location,"{""Places"": [""United Kingdom""], ""Description"": ""Isle of Man"", ""Coordinates"": [[54.163387, -4.498093]]}",,,bib69,no -8601-location-2,8601,location,"{""Places"": [""United Kingdom""], ""Description"": ""Isle of Man""}",,,bib3330,yes +8601-location-2,8601,location,"{""Places"": [""United Kingdom""], ""Description"": ""Isle of Man""}",,,bib3347,yes 8601-speakers-1,8601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""Several hundred""}",,"No known L1 speakers, but emerging L2 speakers. L2 users: Several hundred who mainly learned it as adults. Last L1 native speaker died in 1974.",bib69,no -8601-speakers-2,8601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Manx was declared extinct after the 1974 passing of 'last speaker' Ned Maddrell ... but the language... has returned to daily use,bib3330,yes +8601-speakers-2,8601,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,Manx was declared extinct after the 1974 passing of 'last speaker' Ned Maddrell ... but the language... has returned to daily use,bib3347,yes 8601-LEI-1,8601,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib69,no 8601-vitality-1,8601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib69,no -8601-LEI-2,8601,LEI,Awakening (),,"In the 1980s, activists who had learned Manx as adults launched a bold social experiment. They raised their children bilingually, speaking exclusively Manx to them in the home, and letting them speak English elsewhere. These children, now grown, are the 'new native speakers.'",bib3330,yes -8601-vitality-2,8601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"In the 1980s, activists who had learned Manx as adults launched a bold social experiment. They raised their children bilingually, speaking exclusively Manx to them in the home, and letting them speak English elsewhere. These children, now grown, are the 'new native speakers.'",bib3330,yes +8601-LEI-2,8601,LEI,Awakening (),,"In the 1980s, activists who had learned Manx as adults launched a bold social experiment. They raised their children bilingually, speaking exclusively Manx to them in the home, and letting them speak English elsewhere. These children, now grown, are the 'new native speakers.'",bib3347,yes +8601-vitality-2,8601,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"In the 1980s, activists who had learned Manx as adults launched a bold social experiment. They raised their children bilingually, speaking exclusively Manx to them in the home, and letting them speak English elsewhere. These children, now grown, are the 'new native speakers.'",bib3347,yes 8602-location-1,8602,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.64, -92.28]]}",,,bib75,no -8602-location-2,8602,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central part of Chiapas""}",,,bib6077,yes +8602-location-2,8602,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central part of Chiapas""}",,,bib6101,yes 8602-location-3,8602,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""East central Chiapas""}",,,bib67,no -8602-speaker_number-1,8602,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,36 percent monolingual,bib6077,yes -8602-speakers-1,8602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""261,084"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,36 percent monolingual,bib6077,yes +8602-speaker_number-1,8602,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,36 percent monolingual,bib6101,yes +8602-speakers-1,8602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""261,084"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,36 percent monolingual,bib6101,yes 8602-speaker_number-2,8602,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"215,145 for all varieties (1980)",bib67,no 8602-speakers-2,8602,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""190,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1993, 2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"215,145 for all varieties (1980)",bib67,no -8602-LEI-1,8602,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tzeltal is one of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6077,yes -8602-vitality-1,8602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Tzeltal is one of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6077,yes +8602-LEI-1,8602,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Tzeltal is one of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6101,yes +8602-vitality-1,8602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Tzeltal is one of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6101,yes 8602-LEI-2,8602,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8602-vitality-2,8602,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8603-location-1,8603,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.64, -92.74]]}",,,bib75,no -8603-location-2,8603,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central part of the state of Chiapas in Chamula and Zinacant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6077,yes +8603-location-2,8603,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central part of the state of Chiapas in Chamula and Zinacant\u00e1n""}",,,bib6101,yes 8603-location-3,8603,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Central Chiapas""}",,,bib67,no -8603-speaker_number-1,8603,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,34 percent monolingual,bib6077,yes -8603-speakers-1,8603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""229,203"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,34 percent monolingual,bib6077,yes +8603-speaker_number-1,8603,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,34 percent monolingual,bib6101,yes +8603-speakers-1,8603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""229,203"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,34 percent monolingual,bib6101,yes 8603-speaker_number-2,8603,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Ethnologue distinguishes 6 languages where others have only one: Chamula Tzotzil [tzc] 130,000; Chenalhó Tzotzil [tze], 35,000; Huixtán Tzotzil [tzu], 50,000; San Andrés Larrainzar Tzotzil [tzs], 50,000; Venustiano Carranza Tzotzil [tzo] 4,230; and Zinacantán Tzotzil [tzz], 25,000. (1990 census)",bib67,no 8603-speakers-2,8603,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""260,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990 (census)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Ethnologue distinguishes 6 languages where others have only one: Chamula Tzotzil [tzc] 130,000; Chenalhó Tzotzil [tze], 35,000; Huixtán Tzotzil [tzu], 50,000; San Andrés Larrainzar Tzotzil [tzs], 50,000; Venustiano Carranza Tzotzil [tzo] 4,230; and Zinacantán Tzotzil [tzz], 25,000. (1990 census)",bib67,no -8603-LEI-1,8603,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,One of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6077,yes -8603-vitality-1,8603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,One of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6077,yes +8603-LEI-1,8603,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,One of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6101,yes +8603-vitality-1,8603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,One of the fastest growing indigenous languages in Mexico.,bib6101,yes 8603-LEI-2,8603,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8603-vitality-2,8603,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 861-location-1,861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[3.5, -62.8333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 861-location-2,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Venezuela"", ""Brazil""]}",,"Roraima, Mucajaí, upper Uraricaá and Paragua rivers.",bib67,no 861-location-3,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""]}",,"Brazil: Roraima state: Mucajaí, Paragua, Roraima, and upper Uraricaá rivers. Venezuela: Bolivar state: Karun and Paragua rivers.",bib70,no -861-location-4,861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.5435, -63.5668]]}",,,bib5307,no -861-location-5,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Along the Mucaja\u00cc, upper Urarica\u00b7, and Paragua rivers in Roraima, Brazil and Venezuela""}",,,bib1440,yes -861-location-6,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1902,no +861-location-4,861,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.5435, -63.5668]]}",,,bib5330,no +861-location-5,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Venezuela""], ""Description"": ""Along the Mucaja\u00cc, upper Urarica\u00b7, and Paragua rivers in Roraima, Brazil and Venezuela""}",,,bib1452,yes +861-location-6,861,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil and Venezuela""]}",,,bib1914,no 861-speaker_number-1,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"470 in Brazil (1976 UFM). Most are monolingual. 236 in southern dialect, 230 in northern dialect.",bib67,no 861-speakers-1,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""570"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"470 in Brazil (1976 UFM). Most are monolingual. 236 in southern dialect, 230 in northern dialect.",bib67,no 861-speaker_number-2,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"800 in Brazil (2010 C. Luz), 100 in Venezuela. About evenly divided between northern and southern dialects.",bib70,no 861-speakers-2,861,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""900"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"800 in Brazil (2010 C. Luz), 100 in Venezuela. About evenly divided between northern and southern dialects.",bib70,no -861-speaker_number-3,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -861-speakers-3,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""566"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +861-speaker_number-3,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +861-speakers-3,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""566"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 861-speaker_number-4,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 861-speakers-4,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""566"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -861-speaker_number-5,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1440,yes -861-speakers-5,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1440,yes -861-speaker_number-6,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 466 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela.,bib1902,no -861-speakers-6,861,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""466"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">466"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 466 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela.,bib1902,no +861-speaker_number-5,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1452,yes +861-speakers-5,861,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1452,yes +861-speaker_number-6,861,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,There are 466 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela.,bib1914,no +861-speakers-6,861,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""466"", ""Speaker Number Text"": "">466"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,There are 466 speakers (and ethnic population) in Brazil (2006) and an unknown number of speakers in Venezuela.,bib1914,no 861-LEI-1,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 861-vitality-1,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 861-LEI-2,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Bolivar state: Karun and Paragua rivers.,bib70,no 861-vitality-2,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Bolivar state: Karun and Paragua rivers.,bib70,no -861-LEI-3,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -861-vitality-3,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +861-LEI-3,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +861-vitality-3,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 861-LEI-4,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 861-vitality-4,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -861-LEI-5,861,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1440,yes -861-transmission-5,861,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1440,yes -861-domains_of_use-5,861,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1440,yes -861-speaker_number_trends-5,861,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1440,yes -861-vitality-5,861,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1440,yes -861-LEI-6,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -861-vitality-6,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no +861-LEI-5,861,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1452,yes +861-transmission-5,861,transmission,0,transmission-0,,bib1452,yes +861-domains_of_use-5,861,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib1452,yes +861-speaker_number_trends-5,861,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib1452,yes +861-vitality-5,861,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib1452,yes +861-LEI-6,861,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +861-vitality-6,861,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no 862-context-1,862,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish, Cocama-Cocamillla""}",,"Kukama-Kukamiria [cod], Spanish [spa].",bib70,no -862-location-1,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8124,no +862-location-1,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Department of Loreto, Peru.""}",,,bib8149,no 862-location-2,862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0, -73.5]]}",,,bib216,no 862-location-3,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil"", ""Peru""], ""Description"": ""Peru: Omaguas near Iquitos. Brazil: Amazonas.""}",,"Loreto region, San Joaquín de Omaguas, San Salvador de Omaguas, El Porvenir, Grau, and other settlements on lower Marañón left bank, near Ucayali River mouth.",bib67,no 862-location-4,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Peru, Brazil""]}",,"Peru: Loreto region: El Porvenir, Grau, San Joaquín de Omaguas, San Salvador de Omaguas, and other settlements on lower Marañón left bank, near Ucayali river mouth. Brazil (no L1 speakers): Amazonas state: Alvaráes municipality, Terra Indígena Igarapé Grande; Maraã municipality, Terra Indígena Jaquiri; Tefé municipality, Santa Cruz on right bank of Solimões river, and Terra Indígena Kokama.",bib70,no -862-location-5,862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0724, -73.103]]}",,,bib5307,no -862-location-6,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1902,no -862-location-7,862,location,"{""Description"": ""Amazon""}",,,bib7518,yes +862-location-5,862,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-4.0724, -73.103]]}",,,bib5330,no +862-location-6,862,location,"{""Places"": [""Brazil, Peru""]}",,,bib1914,no +862-location-7,862,location,"{""Description"": ""Amazon""}",,,bib7543,yes 862-speaker_number-1,862,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Peru: 10 to 100 in Peru (1976 SIL). Ethnic population: 627 (1976). Brazil: 156 (2000 ISA) may refer to the whole ethnic population. Ethnic population: 156.,bib67,no 862-speakers-1,862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""783"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""166-256?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Peru: 10 to 100 in Peru (1976 SIL). Ethnic population: 627 (1976). Brazil: 156 (2000 ISA) may refer to the whole ethnic population. Ethnic population: 156.,bib67,no 862-speaker_number-2,862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Peru: 10 (2011), ethnic population: 630 (1976). Brazil: No known L1 speakers, ethnic population: 160 (2000 ISA).",bib70,no 862-speakers-2,862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""790"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Peru: 10 (2011), ethnic population: 630 (1976). Brazil: No known L1 speakers, ethnic population: 160 (2000 ISA).",bib70,no -862-speaker_number-3,862,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -862-speakers-3,862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +862-speaker_number-3,862,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +862-speakers-3,862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 862-speaker_number-4,862,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Until recently it was thought that Omagua speakers above 40 years of age used to understand their parents, but no longer speak the language themselves. According to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil). -Few people out of an ethnic population of 347 people speak this language while 2 people speak it in Peru.",bib1902,no +Few people out of an ethnic population of 347 people speak this language while 2 people speak it in Peru.",bib1914,no 862-speakers-4,862,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""997"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""few?"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1976, 2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Until recently it was thought that Omagua speakers above 40 years of age used to understand their parents, but no longer speak the language themselves. According to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil). -Few people out of an ethnic population of 347 people speak this language while 2 people speak it in Peru.",bib1902,no -862-speaker_number-5,862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,youngest speaker is 80 years old,bib7518,yes -862-speakers-5,862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,youngest speaker is 80 years old,bib7518,yes +Few people out of an ethnic population of 347 people speak this language while 2 people speak it in Peru.",bib1914,no +862-speaker_number-5,862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,youngest speaker is 80 years old,bib7543,yes +862-speakers-5,862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""<10""}",,youngest speaker is 80 years old,bib7543,yes 862-speaker_number-6,862,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"During the course of fieldwork carried out in the summers of 2010 and 2011 in San Joaquín de Omaguas and the urban center of Iquitos by UC Berkeley linguists Zachary O'Hagan, Clare Sandy, Tammy Stark and Vivian Wauters, 7 Omagua speakers were located, ranging in age from (at the time of writing) 75 to 92. Additional speakers may live in San Joaquín de Omaguas, nearby San Salvador de Omaguas (the two principal Omagua communities in Peru from the latter 19th century onward) and in the area surrounding Tefé, Brazil (Grenand & Grenand 1997).",bib4,no 862-speakers-6,862,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""7""}",,"During the course of fieldwork carried out in the summers of 2010 and 2011 in San Joaquín de Omaguas and the urban center of Iquitos by UC Berkeley linguists Zachary O'Hagan, Clare Sandy, Tammy Stark and Vivian Wauters, 7 Omagua speakers were located, ranging in age from (at the time of writing) 75 to 92. Additional speakers may live in San Joaquín de Omaguas, nearby San Salvador de Omaguas (the two principal Omagua communities in Peru from the latter 19th century onward) and in the area surrounding Tefé, Brazil (Grenand & Grenand 1997).",bib4,no 862-LEI-1,862,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -64476,163 +64680,163 @@ Few people out of an ethnic population of 347 people speak this language while 2 862-transmission-2,862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib70,no 862-speaker_number_trends-2,862,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib70,no 862-vitality-2,862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib70,no -862-LEI-3,862,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -862-vitality-3,862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +862-LEI-3,862,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +862-vitality-3,862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 862-LEI-4,862,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Until recently it was thought that Omagua speakers above 40 years of age used to understand their parents, but no longer speak the language themselves. According -to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil).",bib1902,no +to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil).",bib1914,no 862-vitality-4,862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Until recently it was thought that Omagua speakers above 40 years of age used to understand their parents, but no longer speak the language themselves. According -to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil).",bib1902,no -862-LEI-5,862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7518,yes -862-transmission-5,862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7518,yes -862-vitality-5,862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7518,yes +to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain today (possibly more in Brazil).",bib1914,no +862-LEI-5,862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7543,yes +862-transmission-5,862,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib7543,yes +862-vitality-5,862,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib7543,yes 862-LEI-6,862,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4,no 862-vitality-6,862,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4,no -8629-location-1,8629,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the departments of Alpes-Maritimes (except the eastern corner), Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne, Var, Vaucluse, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (southern parts), and Gard (eastern parts)."", ""Coordinates"": [[44.0, 6.0]]}",,,bib6474,yes -8629-speaker_number-1,8629,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6474,yes -8629-speakers-1,8629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6474,yes -8629-LEI-1,8629,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6474,yes -8629-transmission-1,8629,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6474,yes -8629-speaker_number_trends-1,8629,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6474,yes -8629-vitality-1,8629,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6474,yes -863-location-1,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2984,no +8629-location-1,8629,location,"{""Places"": [""France""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the departments of Alpes-Maritimes (except the eastern corner), Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne, Var, Vaucluse, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence (southern parts), and Gard (eastern parts)."", ""Coordinates"": [[44.0, 6.0]]}",,,bib6498,yes +8629-speaker_number-1,8629,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib6498,yes +8629-speakers-1,8629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib6498,yes +8629-LEI-1,8629,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6498,yes +8629-transmission-1,8629,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6498,yes +8629-speaker_number_trends-1,8629,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6498,yes +8629-vitality-1,8629,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Most speakers are middle-aged or elderly. A small number of children learn the language, but they usually shift entirely to French at school age.",bib6498,yes +863-location-1,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib2998,no 863-location-2,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.0, -122.666666667]]}",,,bib216,no -863-location-3,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5217,no -863-location-4,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib4661,yes -863-speaker_number-1,863,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Golla (2007): None of these speakers is younger than 60.,bib2984,no -863-speakers-1,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""All""}",,Golla (2007): None of these speakers is younger than 60.,bib2984,no -863-speakers-2,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The language appears to have become extinct recently.,bib5217,no -863-speaker_number-3,863,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4661,yes -863-speakers-3,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4661,yes -863-LEI-1,863,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,no -863-vitality-1,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,no -863-LEI-2,863,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5217,no -863-vitality-2,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5217,no -863-LEI-3,863,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4661,yes -863-vitality-3,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4661,yes -8630-location-1,8630,location,"{""Description"": ""The departments of Cantal (except Aurillac region), Haute-Loire, and Puy-de-D\u00f4me, and extending to the Gannat region in Allier, the Saint-Bonnet-le-Ch\u00e2teau region in Loire, and the western border areas in Ard\u00e8che"", ""Coordinates"": [[45.1278, 3.1311]]}",,,bib5307,no -8630-speakers-1,8630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Not available""}",,"The 2004 Ethnologue figure of 1,315,000 speakers without source reference seems grossly inflated",bib5307,no +863-location-3,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib5240,no +863-location-4,863,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, California""]}",,,bib4683,yes +863-speaker_number-1,863,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Golla (2007): None of these speakers is younger than 60.,bib2998,no +863-speakers-1,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""All""}",,Golla (2007): None of these speakers is younger than 60.,bib2998,no +863-speakers-2,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,The language appears to have become extinct recently.,bib5240,no +863-speaker_number-3,863,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib4683,yes +863-speakers-3,863,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib4683,yes +863-LEI-1,863,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,no +863-vitality-1,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,no +863-LEI-2,863,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib5240,no +863-vitality-2,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib5240,no +863-LEI-3,863,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4683,yes +863-vitality-3,863,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4683,yes +8630-location-1,8630,location,"{""Description"": ""The departments of Cantal (except Aurillac region), Haute-Loire, and Puy-de-D\u00f4me, and extending to the Gannat region in Allier, the Saint-Bonnet-le-Ch\u00e2teau region in Loire, and the western border areas in Ard\u00e8che"", ""Coordinates"": [[45.1278, 3.1311]]}",,,bib5330,no +8630-speakers-1,8630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""Not available""}",,"The 2004 Ethnologue figure of 1,315,000 speakers without source reference seems grossly inflated",bib5330,no 8630-speaker_number-2,8630,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"(This rough estimate was calculated by taking 12% [self-reported fluent speakers in 2006] of 1,300,000 [approximate population of Auvergne region in 2008].)",bib146,yes 8630-speakers-2,8630,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"(This rough estimate was calculated by taking 12% [self-reported fluent speakers in 2006] of 1,300,000 [approximate population of Auvergne region in 2008].)",bib146,yes 8630-LEI-1,8630,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In a 2006 survey, 61% reported understanding their regional language somewhat, and 22% perfectly. 42% reported speaking somewhat, and 12% fluently.",bib146,yes 8630-speaker_number_trends-1,8630,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"In a 2006 survey, 61% reported understanding their regional language somewhat, and 22% perfectly. 42% reported speaking somewhat, and 12% fluently.",bib146,yes 8630-vitality-1,8630,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"In a 2006 survey, 61% reported understanding their regional language somewhat, and 22% perfectly. 42% reported speaking somewhat, and 12% fluently.",bib146,yes -8631-location-1,8631,location,"{""Places"": [""France"", ""Spain""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the departments of Landes, Gers, and Hautes-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, the eastern parts of Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es-Atlantiques, the western parts of Haute-Garonne and Ari\u00e8ge, and the southern and western parts of Gironde, France; the Aran Valley, northwestern Catalonia, Spain"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.1811, -0.1428]]}",,,bib5307,yes -8631-speaker_number-1,8631,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Rough estimate based on various sources; 3,814 in Spain according to 1991 linguistic census",bib5307,yes -8631-speakers-1,8631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Rough estimate based on various sources; 3,814 in Spain according to 1991 linguistic census",bib5307,yes -8631-LEI-1,8631,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -8631-vitality-1,8631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes -864-location-1,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama, Colombia""]}",,,bib4102,no +8631-location-1,8631,location,"{""Places"": [""France"", ""Spain""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the departments of Landes, Gers, and Hautes-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, the eastern parts of Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es-Atlantiques, the western parts of Haute-Garonne and Ari\u00e8ge, and the southern and western parts of Gironde, France; the Aran Valley, northwestern Catalonia, Spain"", ""Coordinates"": [[43.1811, -0.1428]]}",,,bib5330,yes +8631-speaker_number-1,8631,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Rough estimate based on various sources; 3,814 in Spain according to 1991 linguistic census",bib5330,yes +8631-speakers-1,8631,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""250,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Rough estimate based on various sources; 3,814 in Spain according to 1991 linguistic census",bib5330,yes +8631-LEI-1,8631,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +8631-vitality-1,8631,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes +864-location-1,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Panama, Colombia""]}",,,bib4122,no 864-location-2,864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[4.0, -77.0]]}",,,bib216,no 864-location-3,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Panama""], ""Description"": ""Southeast Panama, lowlands. Colombia: San Juan River basin.""}",,"Choco Department, banks of middle and lower San Juan River, especially north of Buenaventura; small areas in Valle del Cauca.",bib67,no -864-location-4,864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2984, -78.1018]]}",,,bib5307,no +864-location-4,864,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[8.2984, -78.1018]]}",,,bib5330,no 864-location-5,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia"", ""Panama""]}",,"Se ubica en las provincias de Darién, Panamá, y en el departamento de Chocó en Colombia. -[It is located in the provinces of Darién, Panama and in the Chocó department in Colombia.]",bib5390,yes -864-location-6,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1902,no -864-speaker_number-1,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4102,no -864-speakers-1,864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4102,no +[It is located in the provinces of Darién, Panama and in the Chocó department in Colombia.]",bib5413,yes +864-location-6,864,location,"{""Places"": [""Colombia""]}",,,bib1914,no +864-speaker_number-1,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4122,no +864-speakers-1,864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""14,000?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4122,no 864-speaker_number-2,864,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"3,000 in Panama. 4,000 in Colombia (Aikhenvald 2007). Population total all countries: 10,800. Ethnic population: 7,970 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no 864-speakers-2,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"3,000 in Panama. 4,000 in Colombia (Aikhenvald 2007). Population total all countries: 10,800. Ethnic population: 7,970 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",bib67,no -864-speaker_number-3,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -864-speakers-3,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,882"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -864-speaker_number-4,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 3,000 speakers in Colombia; some 10,000 speakers in Panama.",bib5390,yes -864-speakers-4,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 3,000 speakers in Colombia; some 10,000 speakers in Panama.",bib5390,yes +864-speaker_number-3,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +864-speakers-3,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,882"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +864-speaker_number-4,864,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"About 3,000 speakers in Colombia; some 10,000 speakers in Panama.",bib5413,yes +864-speakers-4,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"About 3,000 speakers in Colombia; some 10,000 speakers in Panama.",bib5413,yes 864-speaker_number-5,864,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 864-speakers-5,864,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -864-speaker_number-6,864,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1902,no -864-speakers-6,864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,177 in Colombia"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,177 (for Colombia only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1902,no -864-LEI-1,864,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4102,no -864-vitality-1,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4102,no +864-speaker_number-6,864,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1914,no +864-speakers-6,864,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8,177 in Colombia"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8,177 (for Colombia only)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1914,no +864-LEI-1,864,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4122,no +864-vitality-1,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4122,no 864-LEI-2,864,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 864-vitality-2,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -864-LEI-3,864,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -864-vitality-3,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +864-LEI-3,864,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +864-vitality-3,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 864-LEI-4,864,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Los propios hablantes manifiestan que en todas las comunidades la lengua está en peligro de perderse, pues ya no lo hablan los jóvenes. p.61-62. -[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5390,yes +[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5413,yes 864-transmission-4,864,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Los propios hablantes manifiestan que en todas las comunidades la lengua está en peligro de perderse, pues ya no lo hablan los jóvenes. p.61-62. -[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5390,yes +[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5413,yes 864-vitality-4,864,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Los propios hablantes manifiestan que en todas las comunidades la lengua está en peligro de perderse, pues ya no lo hablan los jóvenes. p.61-62. -[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5390,yes +[The speakers themselves state that in all the communities the language is in danger of being lost, that the youth do not speak it.]",bib5413,yes 864-LEI-5,864,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 864-vitality-5,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -864-LEI-6,864,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1902,no -864-vitality-6,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1902,no -8649-location-1,8649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.2211, -2.1368]]}",,,bib5307,yes -8649-speaker_number-1,8649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,yes -8649-speakers-1,8649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,874"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,yes -8649-LEI-1,8649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,yes -8649-vitality-1,8649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,yes +864-LEI-6,864,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1914,no +864-vitality-6,864,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1914,no +8649-location-1,8649,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[49.2211, -2.1368]]}",,,bib5330,yes +8649-speaker_number-1,8649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,yes +8649-speakers-1,8649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,874"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,yes +8649-LEI-1,8649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,yes +8649-vitality-1,8649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,yes 865-context-1,865,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no -865-location-1,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""]}",,,bib6982,no +865-location-1,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""]}",,,bib7006,no 865-location-2,865,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[46.5, -102.5]]}",,,bib216,no 865-location-3,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Description"": ""North Dakota, Fort Berthold Reservation.""}",,,bib67,no 865-location-4,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""]}",,,bib130,no -865-location-5,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5165, -102.2461]]}",,,bib5307,no -865-location-6,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""]}",,,bib5217,no -865-location-7,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5165, -102.2461]]}",,,bib1709,no -865-speaker_number-1,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib6982,no -865-speakers-1,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib6982,no +865-location-5,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5165, -102.2461]]}",,,bib5330,no +865-location-6,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""]}",,,bib5240,no +865-location-7,865,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, North Dakota""], ""Coordinates"": [[47.5165, -102.2461]]}",,,bib1721,no +865-speaker_number-1,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib7006,no +865-speakers-1,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib7006,no 865-speaker_number-2,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Krauss (1992). The ethnic population in the USA is 130 (2000 census). 10 (Golla 2007) (2016).",bib67,no 865-speakers-2,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"Data for the number of native speakers comes from M. Krauss (1992). The ethnic population in the USA is 130 (2000 census). 10 (Golla 2007) (2016).",bib67,no 865-speaker_number-3,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"By 2009, Edwin Benson (born 1931) was the only known fluent speaker of Mandan.",bib130,no 865-speakers-3,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"By 2009, Edwin Benson (born 1931) was the only known fluent speaker of Mandan.",bib130,no -865-speakers-4,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Edwin Benson (born 1931), the last attested fluent speaker, passed away on Dec. 9, 2016.",bib6890,yes -865-speaker_number-5,865,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5307,no -865-speakers-5,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5307,no -865-speaker_number-6,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5217,no -865-speakers-6,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5217,no +865-speakers-4,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"Edwin Benson (born 1931), the last attested fluent speaker, passed away on Dec. 9, 2016.",bib6914,yes +865-speaker_number-5,865,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5330,no +865-speakers-5,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5330,no +865-speaker_number-6,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib5240,no +865-speakers-6,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib5240,no 865-speaker_number-7,865,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 865-speakers-7,865,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no -865-LEI-1,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6982,no -865-vitality-1,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6982,no +865-LEI-1,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7006,no +865-vitality-1,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7006,no 865-LEI-2,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 865-vitality-2,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 865-LEI-3,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"One remaining fluent speaker, Edwin Benson.",bib130,no 865-transmission-3,865,transmission,5,transmission-5,"One remaining fluent speaker, Edwin Benson.",bib130,no 865-speaker_number_trends-3,865,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"One remaining fluent speaker, Edwin Benson.",bib130,no 865-vitality-3,865,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"One remaining fluent speaker, Edwin Benson.",bib130,no -865-LEI-4,865,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6890,yes -865-vitality-4,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6890,yes -865-LEI-5,865,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -865-vitality-5,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -865-LEI-6,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5217,no -865-transmission-6,865,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5217,no -865-speaker_number_trends-6,865,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5217,no -865-vitality-6,865,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5217,no +865-LEI-4,865,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib6914,yes +865-vitality-4,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib6914,yes +865-LEI-5,865,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +865-vitality-5,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +865-LEI-6,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5240,no +865-transmission-6,865,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5240,no +865-speaker_number_trends-6,865,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5240,no +865-vitality-6,865,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are fewer than 10 first-language speakers of Mandan, all elderly, and no fluent second-language speakers.",bib5240,no 865-LEI-7,865,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 865-vitality-7,865,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -867-context-1,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4681,yes +867-context-1,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib4703,yes 867-context-2,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib67,no 867-context-3,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib70,no -867-context-4,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no -867-location-1,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib4681,yes +867-context-4,867,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no +867-location-1,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib4703,yes 867-location-2,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.0, -99.0]]}",,,bib216,no 867-location-3,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Description"": ""west central Oklahoma.""}",,,bib67,no 867-location-4,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA: Oklahoma""]}",,west central Oklahoma,bib70,no -867-location-5,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1016, -98.6197]]}",,,bib5307,no -867-location-6,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5217,no -867-location-7,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1016, -98.6197]]}",,,bib1709,no -867-speaker_number-1,867,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes -867-speakers-1,867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes +867-location-5,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1016, -98.6197]]}",,,bib5330,no +867-location-6,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""]}",,,bib5240,no +867-location-7,867,location,"{""Places"": [""USA, Oklahoma""], ""Coordinates"": [[35.1016, -98.6197]]}",,,bib1721,no +867-speaker_number-1,867,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes +867-speakers-1,867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"Spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes 867-speaker_number-2,867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,100 (2000 census). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 867-speakers-2,867,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1100"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,100 (2000 census). Ethnic population: 6,000 (1977 SIL).",bib67,no 867-speaker_number-3,867,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,400 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6000 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no 867-speakers-3,867,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""6000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,400 (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 6000 (Golla 2007).,bib70,no -867-speaker_number-4,867,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -867-speakers-4,867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no -867-speaker_number-5,867,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50, out of a population of about 6,000.",bib5217,no -867-speakers-5,867,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""most over the age of 50"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50, out of a population of about 6,000.",bib5217,no +867-speaker_number-4,867,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +867-speakers-4,867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no +867-speaker_number-5,867,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50, out of a population of about 6,000.",bib5240,no +867-speakers-5,867,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""most over the age of 50"", ""Ethnic Population"": ""6,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50, out of a population of about 6,000.",bib5240,no 867-speaker_number-6,867,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 867-speakers-6,867,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,092"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no -867-LEI-1,867,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes -867-transmission-1,867,transmission,5,transmission-5,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes -867-speaker_number_trends-1,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes -867-vitality-1,867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4681,yes +867-LEI-1,867,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes +867-transmission-1,867,transmission,5,transmission-5,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes +867-speaker_number_trends-1,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes +867-vitality-1,867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"spoken in Oklahoma by fewer than 100, mostly elderly, speakers.",bib4703,yes 867-LEI-2,867,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers 50 and older.,bib67,no 867-transmission-2,867,transmission,5,transmission-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib67,no 867-speaker_number_trends-2,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib67,no @@ -64641,21 +64845,21 @@ to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain toda 867-transmission-3,867,transmission,4,transmission-4,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 867-speaker_number_trends-3,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no 867-vitality-3,867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Speakers 50 and older.,bib70,no -867-LEI-4,867,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -867-vitality-4,867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -867-LEI-5,867,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5217,no -867-transmission-5,867,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5217,no -867-speaker_number_trends-5,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5217,no -867-vitality-5,867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5217,no +867-LEI-4,867,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +867-vitality-4,867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +867-LEI-5,867,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5240,no +867-transmission-5,867,transmission,5,transmission-5,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5240,no +867-speaker_number_trends-5,867,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5240,no +867-vitality-5,867,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"There are fewer than 400 speakers, most over the age of 50.",bib5240,no 867-LEI-6,867,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 867-vitality-6,867,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -8689-location-1,8689,location,"{""Description"": ""Greenland"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.175, -51.738889]]}",,,bib2984,yes +8689-location-1,8689,location,"{""Description"": ""Greenland"", ""Coordinates"": [[64.175, -51.738889]]}",,,bib2998,yes 8689-location-2,8689,location,"{""Places"": [""Greenland""]}",,(7000 in Denmark.),bib70,no 8689-location-3,8689,location,"{""Places"": [""Denmark"", ""Greenland""]}",,,bib67,no -8689-speaker_number-1,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -8689-speakers-1,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -8689-speaker_number-2,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Greenland, which became an autonomous province associated with the Danish Commonwealth in 1979, has a population of about 56,000, approximately 10,000 of whom are Danes. The remaining 46,000 are Inuit, nearly all of them speakers of Greenlandic. Another 7,000 speakers of Greenlandic live in Denmark, most of them in Copenhagen.",bib2984,yes -8689-speakers-2,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Greenland, which became an autonomous province associated with the Danish Commonwealth in 1979, has a population of about 56,000, approximately 10,000 of whom are Danes. The remaining 46,000 are Inuit, nearly all of them speakers of Greenlandic. Another 7,000 speakers of Greenlandic live in Denmark, most of them in Copenhagen.",bib2984,yes +8689-speaker_number-1,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +8689-speakers-1,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +8689-speaker_number-2,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Greenland, which became an autonomous province associated with the Danish Commonwealth in 1979, has a population of about 56,000, approximately 10,000 of whom are Danes. The remaining 46,000 are Inuit, nearly all of them speakers of Greenlandic. Another 7,000 speakers of Greenlandic live in Denmark, most of them in Copenhagen.",bib2998,yes +8689-speakers-2,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Greenland, which became an autonomous province associated with the Danish Commonwealth in 1979, has a population of about 56,000, approximately 10,000 of whom are Danes. The remaining 46,000 are Inuit, nearly all of them speakers of Greenlandic. Another 7,000 speakers of Greenlandic live in Denmark, most of them in Copenhagen.",bib2998,yes 8689-speaker_number-3,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"50,000 in Greenland (2007 I. Larsen); 7000 in Denmark. 3000 East Greenlandic, 44,000 West Greenlandic, 800 North Greenlandic.",bib70,no 8689-speakers-3,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"50,000 in Greenland (2007 I. Larsen); 7000 in Denmark. @@ -64664,10 +64868,10 @@ to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain toda 8689-speakers-4,8689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""54,800"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 8689-speaker_number-5,8689,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"47,800 in Greenland (1995 M. Krauss). 3,000 East Greenlandic, 44,000 West Greenlandic, 800 North Greenlandic. Population total all countries: 57,800",bib67,no 8689-speakers-5,8689,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""57,800?"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""47,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"47,800 in Greenland (1995 M. Krauss). 3,000 East Greenlandic, 44,000 West Greenlandic, 800 North Greenlandic. Population total all countries: 57,800",bib67,no -8689-LEI-1,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -8689-vitality-1,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -8689-LEI-2,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2984,yes -8689-vitality-2,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2984,yes +8689-LEI-1,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +8689-vitality-1,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +8689-LEI-2,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2998,yes +8689-vitality-2,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2998,yes 8689-LEI-3,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib70,no 8689-vitality-3,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib70,no 8689-LEI-4,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no @@ -64675,7 +64879,7 @@ to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain toda 8689-LEI-5,8689,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8689-vitality-5,8689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 8709-location-1,8709,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region, Douentza cercle, Gandamia commune & Petaka commune. Spoken in several villages 15-35 kms northeast of Douentza."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.101295, -2.771507]]}",,,bib222,yes -8709-location-2,8709,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Kikara, Banikani, Mounivel, Ganka, Dansa, Albengouma, Ganda Bundo""}",,"Kikara... a village some 35 km northeast of Douentza, an administrative town on the Mopti-to-Gao highway ... Other nearby villages where TSK is spoken, and whose inhabitants frequent the weekly Kikara market, are Banikani, Mounivel, and Ganka.TSK or something similar is said to be spoken in a few other villages in the Douentza region not easily reached from Kikara, namely Dansa, Albengouma, and Ganda Bundo. ... Until the reorganization of local governments in Mali in 1999, Kikara was an arrondissement, part of the ""cercle"" of Douentza, which in turn was part of the ""région"" (i.e. province) of Mopti. Now Kikara and Douentza are called 'communes.' ... The core village of Kikara is located on a shelf on the lower part of the cliff, a position that could have been easily defended in a less pacific eras. On the flad ground extending out from the base of the cliff, a local weekly market is held - the only one in the zone.",bib3418,no +8709-location-2,8709,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Kikara, Banikani, Mounivel, Ganka, Dansa, Albengouma, Ganda Bundo""}",,"Kikara... a village some 35 km northeast of Douentza, an administrative town on the Mopti-to-Gao highway ... Other nearby villages where TSK is spoken, and whose inhabitants frequent the weekly Kikara market, are Banikani, Mounivel, and Ganka.TSK or something similar is said to be spoken in a few other villages in the Douentza region not easily reached from Kikara, namely Dansa, Albengouma, and Ganda Bundo. ... Until the reorganization of local governments in Mali in 1999, Kikara was an arrondissement, part of the ""cercle"" of Douentza, which in turn was part of the ""région"" (i.e. province) of Mopti. Now Kikara and Douentza are called 'communes.' ... The core village of Kikara is located on a shelf on the lower part of the cliff, a position that could have been easily defended in a less pacific eras. On the flad ground extending out from the base of the cliff, a local weekly market is held - the only one in the zone.",bib3436,no 8709-location-3,8709,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti Region, Douentza circle, northeast of Douentza town, Kikara village northeast to Gono town south.""}",,,bib68,no 8709-speaker_number-1,8709,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib222,yes 8709-speakers-1,8709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib222,yes @@ -64685,86 +64889,86 @@ to Lev Michael (p.c. 2010), however, in Peru only two speakers still remain toda 8709-vitality-1,8709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib222,yes 8709-LEI-2,8709,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 8709-vitality-2,8709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -8731-location-1,8731,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village cluster, villages of Beni and to a lesser extent Gamni (3 km apart). Both villages are on a relatively narrow rocky shelf (plateau) south of Douentza.""}",,,bib3417,no +8731-location-1,8731,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village cluster, villages of Beni and to a lesser extent Gamni (3 km apart). Both villages are on a relatively narrow rocky shelf (plateau) south of Douentza.""}",,,bib3435,no 8731-location-2,8731,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Douentza circle, south of Douentza town west of road to Bamba. 3 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.9, -3.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 8731-speaker_number-1,8731,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib69,yes 8731-speakers-1,8731,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib69,yes 8731-LEI-1,8731,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8731-vitality-1,8731,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8732-context-1,8732,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tondi Songway Kiini""}",,Spoken in a single village where Tondi Songway Kiini is also spoken.,bib3417,no +8732-context-1,8732,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Tondi Songway Kiini""}",,Spoken in a single village where Tondi Songway Kiini is also spoken.,bib3435,no 8732-context-2,8732,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""amsay Dogon [djm], Maasina Fulfulde [ffm], Tondi Songway Kiini [tst]""}",,,bib69,yes 8732-location-1,8732,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Douentza circle, north Douentza town area, between Debere and Gono; Walo village, other hamlets."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.1, -2.9]]}",,,bib69,yes 8732-speaker_number-1,8732,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,census,bib69,yes 8732-speakers-1,8732,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,320"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,census,bib69,yes 8732-LEI-1,8732,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8732-vitality-1,8732,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8733-context-1,8733,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay Dogon [djm]; Tommo So Dogon [dto].""}",,,bib3417,no -8733-location-1,8733,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in five villages: Anda, Namakoro, Kono, Wakara, and Soroni, in a compact zone about halfway between Douentza and Bandiagara.""}",,,bib3417,no +8733-context-1,8733,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay Dogon [djm]; Tommo So Dogon [dto].""}",,,bib3435,no +8733-location-1,8733,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in five villages: Anda, Namakoro, Kono, Wakara, and Soroni, in a compact zone about halfway between Douentza and Bandiagara.""}",,,bib3435,no 8733-location-2,8733,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Douentza circle, northeast of Bamba town, southwest of Debere town. 9 villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.9, -3.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 8733-speaker_number-1,8733,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,yes 8733-speakers-1,8733,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 8733-LEI-1,8733,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8733-vitality-1,8733,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8734-context-1,8734,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Jamsay""}",,Spoken in an area dominated by Jamsay; all Yanda Dom speakers are bilingual in Jamsay and use it in the marketplace.,bib3417,no +8734-context-1,8734,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Jamsay""}",,Spoken in an area dominated by Jamsay; all Yanda Dom speakers are bilingual in Jamsay and use it in the marketplace.,bib3435,no 8734-context-2,8734,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay [djm], Tebul Ure [dtu], Tommo So [dto].""}",,,bib69,yes -8734-location-1,8734,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 3 village clusters: the Yanda village cluster and a few additional villages at the base of the cliffs south of Jamsay-speaking Bamba."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.3, -3.3]]}",,,bib3417,no +8734-location-1,8734,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in 3 village clusters: the Yanda village cluster and a few additional villages at the base of the cliffs south of Jamsay-speaking Bamba."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.3, -3.3]]}",,,bib3435,no 8734-location-2,8734,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Koro and Bandiagara circles, southwest of Bamba town.""}",,,bib69,yes 8734-speaker_number-1,8734,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Blench),bib69,yes 8734-speakers-1,8734,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Blench),bib69,yes 8734-LEI-1,8734,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8734-vitality-1,8734,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8735-context-1,8735,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Jamsay""}",,Spoken in an area dominated by Jamsay; all Yanda Dom speakers are bilingual in Jamsay and use it in the marketplace.,bib3417,no +8735-context-1,8735,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Market""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are bilingual in Jamsay""}",,Spoken in an area dominated by Jamsay; all Yanda Dom speakers are bilingual in Jamsay and use it in the marketplace.,bib3435,no 8735-context-2,8735,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jamsay Tegu, Yanda, Tebul Sign Language, French"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Many""}",,"The second language of Tebul Ure speakers is Jamsay Tegu and many also know Yanda. Fulfulde, a dominant language in the zone, is not very well known and there is a limited amount of French spoken, usually by migrant workers or students. In addition to the spoken language, a sign language exists in Uluban and related hamlets, which is used to -communicate with a small number of deaf individuals. Almost all the inhabitants seem to have some fluency in this sign language and videos were made of a number of narratives with ‘translation’ into Tebul Ure and French.",bib1010,yes -8735-location-1,8735,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village cluster.""}",,,bib3417,no -8735-location-2,8735,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""The Tebul U live in twenty villages plus the recently-founded Dasalam [=Dar es Salaam]. The villages are mostly in the hill areas above Bamba and are often no more than hamlets.""}",,,bib1010,yes -8735-speaker_number-1,8735,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1010,yes -8735-speakers-1,8735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1010,yes -8735-LEI-1,8735,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1010,yes -8735-transmission-1,8735,transmission,0,transmission-0,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1010,yes -8735-vitality-1,8735,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1010,yes +communicate with a small number of deaf individuals. Almost all the inhabitants seem to have some fluency in this sign language and videos were made of a number of narratives with ‘translation’ into Tebul Ure and French.",bib1014,yes +8735-location-1,8735,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in a single village cluster.""}",,,bib3435,no +8735-location-2,8735,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""The Tebul U live in twenty villages plus the recently-founded Dasalam [=Dar es Salaam]. The villages are mostly in the hill areas above Bamba and are often no more than hamlets.""}",,,bib1014,yes +8735-speaker_number-1,8735,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib1014,yes +8735-speakers-1,8735,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-4,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib1014,yes +8735-LEI-1,8735,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1014,yes +8735-transmission-1,8735,transmission,0,transmission-0,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1014,yes +8735-vitality-1,8735,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The Tebul Ure language is presently being transmitted to the children.,bib1014,yes 8736-location-1,8736,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti Region, Douentza circle, south of Lake Korarou, along Douentza\u2013Tassembe\u2013Sangali road, Borko village.""}",,,bib68,yes -8736-location-2,8736,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 20 villages.""}",,,bib3417,no -8736-location-3,8736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.91, -3.33]]}",,,bib3264,no +8736-location-2,8736,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 20 villages.""}",,,bib3435,no +8736-location-3,8736,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.91, -3.33]]}",,,bib3280,no 8736-speaker_number-1,8736,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(1998 J. Durieux),bib68,yes 8736-speakers-1,8736,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""24,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(1998 J. Durieux),bib68,yes 8736-LEI-1,8736,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 8736-vitality-1,8736,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes 8737-location-1,8737,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Northeast of Bandiagara, Nandoli as center. 14 villages.""}",,,bib68,yes -8737-location-2,8737,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 20 villages over a wide but sparsely-populated area on the high, flat plateau that begins a few kilometers north of Bandiagara.""}",,,bib3417,no -8737-location-3,8737,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.59, -3.57]]}",,,bib3264,no +8737-location-2,8737,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 20 villages over a wide but sparsely-populated area on the high, flat plateau that begins a few kilometers north of Bandiagara.""}",,,bib3435,no +8737-location-3,8737,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.59, -3.57]]}",,,bib3280,no 8737-speaker_number-1,8737,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(1998 J. Durieux),bib68,yes 8737-speakers-1,8737,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""15,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(1998 J. Durieux),bib68,yes 8737-LEI-1,8737,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 8737-vitality-1,8737,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -8738-location-1,8738,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 15 villages in a fairly wide area including villages on the northwestern edge of the high plateau and in the plains just below (e.g. Boui).""}",,,bib3417,no +8738-location-1,8738,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 15 villages in a fairly wide area including villages on the northwestern edge of the high plateau and in the plains just below (e.g. Boui).""}",,,bib3435,no 8738-location-2,8738,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: northeast edge of Dogon plateau, Lowol Gueou, Pignari Bana, and Kendie townships."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.0, -3.0]]}",,,bib69,yes 8738-speaker_number-1,8738,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,yes 8738-speakers-1,8738,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 8738-LEI-1,8738,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8738-vitality-1,8738,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8739-location-1,8739,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 15 villages including Songho that are on or near the highway from Mopti-Sevare to Bandiagara."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.376155, -3.664799]]}",,,bib3417,no -8739-location-2,8739,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Mali""]}",,"Mombo is one of around 20 Dogon languages spoken in eastern Mali, with several Dogon-speaking villages located across the border with Burkina Faso. This area is traditionall called 'Dogon Country'... and Mombo is spoken in appoximately 20-25 villages in the western part of this area.",bib6040,no +8739-location-1,8739,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 15 villages including Songho that are on or near the highway from Mopti-Sevare to Bandiagara."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.376155, -3.664799]]}",,,bib3435,no +8739-location-2,8739,location,"{""Places"": [""Eastern Mali""]}",,"Mombo is one of around 20 Dogon languages spoken in eastern Mali, with several Dogon-speaking villages located across the border with Burkina Faso. This area is traditionall called 'Dogon Country'... and Mombo is spoken in appoximately 20-25 villages in the western part of this area.",bib6064,no 8739-location-3,8739,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Bandiagara circle, from Mopti to Bandiagara. 27 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes 8739-speaker_number-1,8739,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(SIL),bib69,yes 8739-speakers-1,8739,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""19,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 8739-LEI-1,8739,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8739-vitality-1,8739,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8740-location-1,8740,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 10 villages in a smaller area south of the Mombo area, including Nando village."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.257728, -3.90712]]}",,,bib3417,no +8740-location-1,8740,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in roughly 10 villages in a smaller area south of the Mombo area, including Nando village."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.257728, -3.90712]]}",,,bib3435,no 8740-location-2,8740,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Bandiagara circle, Pignari commune. 16 villages.""}",,,bib69,yes 8740-speaker_number-1,8740,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,yes 8740-speakers-1,8740,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1998"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,yes 8740-LEI-1,8740,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8740-vitality-1,8740,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -8741-location-1,8741,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the rather isolated village of Pinia, which is located on a rocky hill with a deep rock pond."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.866531, -4.749725]]}",,,bib3417,yes -8742-context-1,8742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,Surrounded by Fulfulde-speaking villages; potential shift to Fulfulde. One elder Bunoge speaker seemed to be experiencing lexical loss in Bunoge.,bib3417,no -8742-location-1,8742,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Boudou and Sangou."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.650026, -3.795884], [14.717776, -3.814423]]}",,,bib3417,no +8741-location-1,8741,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the rather isolated village of Pinia, which is located on a rocky hill with a deep rock pond."", ""Coordinates"": [[12.866531, -4.749725]]}",,,bib3435,yes +8742-context-1,8742,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Fulfulde""}",,Surrounded by Fulfulde-speaking villages; potential shift to Fulfulde. One elder Bunoge speaker seemed to be experiencing lexical loss in Bunoge.,bib3435,no +8742-location-1,8742,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the villages of Boudou and Sangou."", ""Coordinates"": [[14.650026, -3.795884], [14.717776, -3.814423]]}",,,bib3435,no 8742-location-2,8742,location,"{""Places"": [""Mali""], ""Description"": ""Mopti region: Bandiagara circle, Goundaka township northeast of Mopti city, Boudou, Sangou, and Dakouma villages.""}",,,bib69,yes 8742-speaker_number-1,8742,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(D. Douyon and R. Blench),bib69,yes 8742-speakers-1,8742,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(D. Douyon and R. Blench),bib69,yes -8742-LEI-1,8742,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3417,no -8742-transmission-1,8742,transmission,2,transmission-2,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3417,no -8742-vitality-1,8742,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3417,no +8742-LEI-1,8742,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3435,no +8742-transmission-1,8742,transmission,2,transmission-2,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3435,no +8742-vitality-1,8742,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,Young people don't appear to speak Bunoge much. It is a small-population language and potentially endangered.,bib3435,no 8742-LEI-2,8742,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 8742-vitality-2,8742,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 8749-location-1,8749,location,"{""Places"": [""Oaxaca state, Mexico""], ""Coordinates"": [[17.330742, -96.487204]]}",,,bib70,yes @@ -64777,7 +64981,7 @@ communicate with a small number of deaf individuals. Almost all the inhabitants 8789-speakers-1,8789,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib70,yes 8789-LEI-1,8789,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Developing,bib70,yes 8789-vitality-1,8789,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Developing,bib70,yes -8790-location-1,8790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.66, -96.86]]}",,,bib3264,no +8790-location-1,8790,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[16.66, -96.86]]}",,,bib3280,no 8790-location-2,8790,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""]}",,,bib67,yes 8790-speaker_number-1,8790,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 8790-speakers-1,8790,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""876"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no @@ -64800,128 +65004,128 @@ communicate with a small number of deaf individuals. Almost all the inhabitants 8792-vitality-1,8792,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Santo Domingo: ""Since 1979 Santo Domingo users have shown increasing preference for Zapotec, but in Santa María reportedly diminishing use. Some immigrant Mixe have learned local Zapotec, but few Zapotec learn Mixe. Also use Spanish.""",bib68,yes 8793-context-1,8793,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish [spa]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes.""}",,,bib68,yes 8793-location-1,8793,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""West Oaxaca valley, Etla district, northwest of Oaxaca city, Santo Tom\u00e1s Mazaltepec, San Pedro y San Pablo Etla, and San Andr\u00e9s Zautla.""}",,,bib68,yes -8793-location-2,8793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.15, -96.88]]}",,,bib3264,no +8793-location-2,8793,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.15, -96.88]]}",,,bib3280,no 8793-speaker_number-1,8793,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(1990 census): approximately 58% are speakers.,bib68,yes 8793-speakers-1,8793,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,200"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,276"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1990"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(1990 census): approximately 58% are speakers.,bib68,yes 8793-LEI-1,8793,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,yes 8793-vitality-1,8793,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,yes -8809-context-1,8809,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2118,yes -8809-context-2,8809,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pidgin English""}",,"Mungbam is a name coined by the author to refer to the related lects spoken in the villages of MUnken, NGun, Biya, Abar and Missong, in Northwest Cameroon. Due to the differences between the lects, Mungbam would properly be referred to as a “dialect cluster” rather than as a “language” (Di Carlo and Pizziolo, 2012: 160), but the latter term will be retained for simplicity... Even though Munken, Ngun, Biya, Abar and Missong are treated in this dissertation as dialects of one language, people from the area where they are spoken would generally reject the idea that the people of say, Munken, speak the same language as the people of, say, Biya... Monolinguals... are generally not found in Lower Fungom, since most people have some familiarity with Pidgin English and may be capable of conversing in the other languages spoken in nearby villages. Contact between speakers of the five dialects is very frequent. A public primary school called Government School [GS] Abar-Missong is attended by mostly children of Abar, Missong, and Munken, placing them in daily contact. GS Bati enrolls many Biya and Ngun children.",bib4742,no -8809-location-1,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; villages of Abar, Munken, Ngun, Biya, and Missong."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.577583, 10.237533], [6.5953, 10.223467], [6.5814, 10.212583], [6.592167, 10.205533], [6.59745, 10.24715]]}",,,bib2118,yes -8809-location-2,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region of Cameroon, Northwest Region, Menchum Division, Wum Subdivision""], ""Description"": ""Mungbam is spoken in five villages in the Lower Fungom region of Cameroon, Northwest Region, Menchum Division, Wum Subdivision. The English names of the villages are Munken, Ngun, Biya, Abar and Missong. The Lower Fungom area... is host to at least seven different languages, five of which do not have close relatives outside of Lower Fungom... There are multiple footpaths connecting the five villages.""}",,,bib4742,no -8809-location-3,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region, Northwest Cameroon.""]}",,,bib3004,no -8809-speaker_number-1,8809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8809-speakers-1,8809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,850-2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8809-speaker_number-2,8809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Abar village: 650-850 speakers; Munken village: around 600 speakers; Ngun village: 150–200 speakers; Biya village: 50–100 speakes; Missong village: around 400 speakers. ""It should also be noted that each of the villages... speaks an unambiguously distinct variety regardless of how one may group these varieties into languages""",bib3004,no -8809-speakers-2,8809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,850-2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Abar village: 650-850 speakers; Munken village: around 600 speakers; Ngun village: 150–200 speakers; Biya village: 50–100 speakes; Missong village: around 400 speakers. ""It should also be noted that each of the villages... speaks an unambiguously distinct variety regardless of how one may group these varieties into languages""",bib3004,no +8809-context-1,8809,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2131,yes +8809-context-2,8809,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Pidgin English""}",,"Mungbam is a name coined by the author to refer to the related lects spoken in the villages of MUnken, NGun, Biya, Abar and Missong, in Northwest Cameroon. Due to the differences between the lects, Mungbam would properly be referred to as a “dialect cluster” rather than as a “language” (Di Carlo and Pizziolo, 2012: 160), but the latter term will be retained for simplicity... Even though Munken, Ngun, Biya, Abar and Missong are treated in this dissertation as dialects of one language, people from the area where they are spoken would generally reject the idea that the people of say, Munken, speak the same language as the people of, say, Biya... Monolinguals... are generally not found in Lower Fungom, since most people have some familiarity with Pidgin English and may be capable of conversing in the other languages spoken in nearby villages. Contact between speakers of the five dialects is very frequent. A public primary school called Government School [GS] Abar-Missong is attended by mostly children of Abar, Missong, and Munken, placing them in daily contact. GS Bati enrolls many Biya and Ngun children.",bib4764,no +8809-location-1,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; villages of Abar, Munken, Ngun, Biya, and Missong."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.577583, 10.237533], [6.5953, 10.223467], [6.5814, 10.212583], [6.592167, 10.205533], [6.59745, 10.24715]]}",,,bib2131,yes +8809-location-2,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region of Cameroon, Northwest Region, Menchum Division, Wum Subdivision""], ""Description"": ""Mungbam is spoken in five villages in the Lower Fungom region of Cameroon, Northwest Region, Menchum Division, Wum Subdivision. The English names of the villages are Munken, Ngun, Biya, Abar and Missong. The Lower Fungom area... is host to at least seven different languages, five of which do not have close relatives outside of Lower Fungom... There are multiple footpaths connecting the five villages.""}",,,bib4764,no +8809-location-3,8809,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region, Northwest Cameroon.""]}",,,bib3018,no +8809-speaker_number-1,8809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8809-speakers-1,8809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,850-2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8809-speaker_number-2,8809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Abar village: 650-850 speakers; Munken village: around 600 speakers; Ngun village: 150–200 speakers; Biya village: 50–100 speakes; Missong village: around 400 speakers. ""It should also be noted that each of the villages... speaks an unambiguously distinct variety regardless of how one may group these varieties into languages""",bib3018,no +8809-speakers-2,8809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,850-2,150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Abar village: 650-850 speakers; Munken village: around 600 speakers; Ngun village: 150–200 speakers; Biya village: 50–100 speakes; Missong village: around 400 speakers. ""It should also be noted that each of the villages... speaks an unambiguously distinct variety regardless of how one may group these varieties into languages""",bib3018,no 8809-speaker_number-3,8809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 8809-speakers-3,8809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,000 (2001 SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no -8809-LEI-1,8809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8809-vitality-1,8809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -8809-LEI-2,8809,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4742,no -8809-transmission-2,8809,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4742,no -8809-vitality-2,8809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4742,no -8809-LEI-3,8809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3004,no -8809-vitality-3,8809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3004,no +8809-LEI-1,8809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8809-vitality-1,8809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +8809-LEI-2,8809,LEI,"Safe (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4764,no +8809-transmission-2,8809,transmission,0,transmission-0,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4764,no +8809-vitality-2,8809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""safe"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"All of the Mungbam varieties are spoken within their respective villages by all residents of all ages, and the language is being learned by children.",bib4764,no +8809-LEI-3,8809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3018,no +8809-vitality-3,8809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3018,no 8809-LEI-4,8809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8809-vitality-4,8809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -881-speaker_number-1,881,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6685,yes -881-speakers-1,881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">11,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6685,yes +881-speaker_number-1,881,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6709,yes +881-speakers-1,881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">11,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6709,yes 881-speaker_number-2,881,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib67,no 881-speakers-2,881,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib67,no -881-LEI-1,881,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6685,yes -881-vitality-1,881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6685,yes +881-LEI-1,881,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6709,yes +881-vitality-1,881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6709,yes 881-LEI-2,881,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 881-vitality-2,881,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8829-context-2,8829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nigerian Pidgin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Attitudes toward the MT are very positive especially among the adults. Looking at the domains of language use, only the youth of Mundabli, Mbu\u2019, and Mashi speak Pidgin in addition to the MT with friends of the same age group. It may be true that the youth are increasingly accepting Pidgin as a preferred language of communication within Lower Fungom, and other villages could follow this trend... To evaluate the language maintenance or shift of the MT in each village, we examined the peoples\u2019 attitudes toward the MT and their patterns of language use... People in every village are eager to learn to read and write in their MT. When asked the question, 'If your child speaks Pidgin to you, how does it make you\nfeel?' parents respond that they feel badly."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Committee for Development""}",,"Mundabli speakers say that Mufu people speak exactly the same as they do while Bu people speak with slight differences. They have MT-MT interaction with both groups. A child of six understands Bu and Mufu... Mundabli people say they understand Missong and Mashi, but they choose to interact in Pidgin... Mundabli express interest in learning to read and write Kom, as doing so would help them in their trade with the Kom people... More than half of the children in every village attend primary school with the exception of Mundabli where very few attend school at all... All villages have a committee for development. Most of the activities of the committee are limited to road building and maintenance as this is such a great need. The committees of Mekaf, Bu, and Mundabli have water development projects and school building projects in addition to road maintenance. The people in general appear self-motivated and willing to work hard for development. Some, of their own accord, even expressed an interest in starting a language committee, although they also said their lack of available funds is a concern.",bib3260,no -8829-location-1,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; villages of Mundabli and Mufu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.606933, 10.2733], [6.612433, 10.257167]]}",,,bib2118,yes -8829-location-2,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region, Northwest Cameroon""]}",,,bib3004,no -8829-location-3,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom""], ""Description"": ""Zhoa and Furu-Awa Subdivisions of the Menchum Division of the North West Province. The area is known administratively as Lower Fungom.""}",,,bib3260,no +8829-context-2,8829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Nigerian Pidgin"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Attitudes toward the MT are very positive especially among the adults. Looking at the domains of language use, only the youth of Mundabli, Mbu\u2019, and Mashi speak Pidgin in addition to the MT with friends of the same age group. It may be true that the youth are increasingly accepting Pidgin as a preferred language of communication within Lower Fungom, and other villages could follow this trend... To evaluate the language maintenance or shift of the MT in each village, we examined the peoples\u2019 attitudes toward the MT and their patterns of language use... People in every village are eager to learn to read and write in their MT. When asked the question, 'If your child speaks Pidgin to you, how does it make you\nfeel?' parents respond that they feel badly."", ""Institutional Support"": ""Committee for Development""}",,"Mundabli speakers say that Mufu people speak exactly the same as they do while Bu people speak with slight differences. They have MT-MT interaction with both groups. A child of six understands Bu and Mufu... Mundabli people say they understand Missong and Mashi, but they choose to interact in Pidgin... Mundabli express interest in learning to read and write Kom, as doing so would help them in their trade with the Kom people... More than half of the children in every village attend primary school with the exception of Mundabli where very few attend school at all... All villages have a committee for development. Most of the activities of the committee are limited to road building and maintenance as this is such a great need. The committees of Mekaf, Bu, and Mundabli have water development projects and school building projects in addition to road maintenance. The people in general appear self-motivated and willing to work hard for development. Some, of their own accord, even expressed an interest in starting a language committee, although they also said their lack of available funds is a concern.",bib3276,no +8829-location-1,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; villages of Mundabli and Mufu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.606933, 10.2733], [6.612433, 10.257167]]}",,,bib2131,yes +8829-location-2,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom region, Northwest Cameroon""]}",,,bib3018,no +8829-location-3,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Lower Fungom""], ""Description"": ""Zhoa and Furu-Awa Subdivisions of the Menchum Division of the North West Province. The area is known administratively as Lower Fungom.""}",,,bib3276,no 8829-location-4,8829,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -8829-speaker_number-1,8829,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8829-speakers-1,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes +8829-speaker_number-1,8829,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8829-speakers-1,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes 8829-speakers-2,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000""}",,,bib233,no -8829-speaker_number-3,8829,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mundabli village: 350–450 speakers; Mufu village: 80–150 speakers; Buu village: 100–200 speakers. ""The work that has been done on Mufu and Buu indicates that the varieties Mufu and Mundabli can probably be considered dialects of the same language, while Buu is probably best considered a distinct language. Speaker reports match our own linguistic assessment in this regard.""",bib3004,no -8829-speakers-3,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mundabli village: 350–450 speakers; Mufu village: 80–150 speakers; Buu village: 100–200 speakers. ""The work that has been done on Mufu and Buu indicates that the varieties Mufu and Mundabli can probably be considered dialects of the same language, while Buu is probably best considered a distinct language. Speaker reports match our own linguistic assessment in this regard.""",bib3004,no +8829-speaker_number-3,8829,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Mundabli village: 350–450 speakers; Mufu village: 80–150 speakers; Buu village: 100–200 speakers. ""The work that has been done on Mufu and Buu indicates that the varieties Mufu and Mundabli can probably be considered dialects of the same language, while Buu is probably best considered a distinct language. Speaker reports match our own linguistic assessment in this regard.""",bib3018,no +8829-speakers-3,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""430-600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Mundabli village: 350–450 speakers; Mufu village: 80–150 speakers; Buu village: 100–200 speakers. ""The work that has been done on Mufu and Buu indicates that the varieties Mufu and Mundabli can probably be considered dialects of the same language, while Buu is probably best considered a distinct language. Speaker reports match our own linguistic assessment in this regard.""",bib3018,no 8829-speakers-4,8829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (2001 SIL)""}",,,bib67,no -8829-LEI-1,8829,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8829-vitality-1,8829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -8829-LEI-2,8829,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3004,no -8829-vitality-2,8829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3004,no -8849-context-1,8849,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2118,yes -8849-location-1,8849,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Fang."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.549667, 10.279017]]}",,,bib2118,yes -8849-speaker_number-1,8849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8849-speakers-1,8849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes +8829-LEI-1,8829,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8829-vitality-1,8829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +8829-LEI-2,8829,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3018,no +8829-vitality-2,8829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3018,no +8849-context-1,8849,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2131,yes +8849-location-1,8849,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Fang."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.549667, 10.279017]]}",,,bib2131,yes +8849-speaker_number-1,8849,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8849-speakers-1,8849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,000-6,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes 8849-speakers-2,8849,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,400 (2001 SIL)""}",,,bib67,no -8849-LEI-1,8849,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8849-vitality-1,8849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -8869-location-1,8869,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Koshin."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.58815, 10.281317]]}",,,bib2118,yes +8849-LEI-1,8849,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8849-vitality-1,8849,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +8869-location-1,8869,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Koshin."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.58815, 10.281317]]}",,,bib2131,yes 8869-location-2,8869,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -8869-speaker_number-1,8869,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8869-speakers-1,8869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes +8869-speaker_number-1,8869,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8869-speakers-1,8869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000-3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes 8869-speaker_number-2,8869,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 8869-speakers-2,8869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 8869-speaker_number-3,8869,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib67,no 8869-speakers-3,8869,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (2001 SIL)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib67,no -8869-LEI-1,8869,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8869-vitality-1,8869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes +8869-LEI-1,8869,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8869-vitality-1,8869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes 8869-LEI-2,8869,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 8869-vitality-2,8869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 8869-LEI-3,8869,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8869-vitality-3,8869,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8889-location-1,8889,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Ajumbu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.5391, 10.238567]]}",,,bib2118,yes +8889-location-1,8889,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Ajumbu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.5391, 10.238567]]}",,,bib2131,yes 8889-location-2,8889,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""]}",,,bib67,no -8889-speaker_number-1,8889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8889-speakers-1,8889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes +8889-speaker_number-1,8889,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8889-speakers-1,8889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200-300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes 8889-speakers-2,8889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1000""}",,,bib233,no 8889-speakers-3,8889,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000 (2001 SIL)""}",,,bib67,no -8889-LEI-1,8889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8889-vitality-1,8889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -8909-context-1,8909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,"Jukun is used as a LWC [language of wider communication] in Nse, although the people are not generally bilingual. It is also used as a LWC in Lebo, but very little in Bukpang 2.",bib1247,no -8909-location-1,8909,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Mashi and other villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.600783, 10.265667]]}",,,bib2118,yes -8909-location-2,8909,location,"{""Description"": ""The Bunaki make up the ethnic group speaking the language (of the Beboid subbranch of the Bantu branch) Naki, meaning 'all of us'. They live... on both sides of the Forest Reserve of Fungom. To the northwest they live in the third-class chiefdom of Nse, or Nser (with 300 inhabitants), the language of which is Nsaa and whose inhabitants are the Bunsaa. To the east they live along all the edges of that forest with, from north to south, the third-class chiefdoms of Lebo (with 200 inhabitants) and of Bukpang 2 (with 700 inhabitants). This area is called \u2018Mashi Overside', including the district of Patali (and not Batari) towards Lebo... Naki, the only Beboid language of the Furu-Awa Subdivision, is spoken in the chiefdoms of Nse to the north of the Forest Reserve, and in those of Lebo and Bukpang 2 to the east.""}",,"Their historical center is the third-class chiefdom on the other side of the Katsina-Ala, and thus outside of the Furu-Awa Subdivision: Mashi (or Marshi or Manshi), Bukpang 1 (600 inhabitants) and Mekaf (700 inhabitants). This means that there are about 3,000 Bunaki in Cameroon, of whom 1,200 are in the Furu-Awa Subdivision and that they have known a historic spread from the south to the north. The farthest point of their expansion moreover is in Nigeria: Belogo (200 inhabitants) or Tosso 2, on the left bank of the Gamana to the east of Furu-Awa.",bib1247,no -8909-speaker_number-1,8909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8909-speakers-1,8909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8909-speaker_number-2,8909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Bunaki, who speak the Naki language: 1,200 in the Subdivision, plus 1,800 outside of it on the other bank of the Katsina",bib1247,no -8909-speakers-2,8909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Bunaki, who speak the Naki language: 1,200 in the Subdivision, plus 1,800 outside of it on the other bank of the Katsina",bib1247,no +8889-LEI-1,8889,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8889-vitality-1,8889,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +8909-context-1,8909,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Jukun""}",,"Jukun is used as a LWC [language of wider communication] in Nse, although the people are not generally bilingual. It is also used as a LWC in Lebo, but very little in Bukpang 2.",bib1256,no +8909-location-1,8909,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Mashi and other villages."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.600783, 10.265667]]}",,,bib2131,yes +8909-location-2,8909,location,"{""Description"": ""The Bunaki make up the ethnic group speaking the language (of the Beboid subbranch of the Bantu branch) Naki, meaning 'all of us'. They live... on both sides of the Forest Reserve of Fungom. To the northwest they live in the third-class chiefdom of Nse, or Nser (with 300 inhabitants), the language of which is Nsaa and whose inhabitants are the Bunsaa. To the east they live along all the edges of that forest with, from north to south, the third-class chiefdoms of Lebo (with 200 inhabitants) and of Bukpang 2 (with 700 inhabitants). This area is called \u2018Mashi Overside', including the district of Patali (and not Batari) towards Lebo... Naki, the only Beboid language of the Furu-Awa Subdivision, is spoken in the chiefdoms of Nse to the north of the Forest Reserve, and in those of Lebo and Bukpang 2 to the east.""}",,"Their historical center is the third-class chiefdom on the other side of the Katsina-Ala, and thus outside of the Furu-Awa Subdivision: Mashi (or Marshi or Manshi), Bukpang 1 (600 inhabitants) and Mekaf (700 inhabitants). This means that there are about 3,000 Bunaki in Cameroon, of whom 1,200 are in the Furu-Awa Subdivision and that they have known a historic spread from the south to the north. The farthest point of their expansion moreover is in Nigeria: Belogo (200 inhabitants) or Tosso 2, on the left bank of the Gamana to the east of Furu-Awa.",bib1256,no +8909-speaker_number-1,8909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8909-speakers-1,8909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8909-speaker_number-2,8909,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Bunaki, who speak the Naki language: 1,200 in the Subdivision, plus 1,800 outside of it on the other bank of the Katsina",bib1256,no +8909-speakers-2,8909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Bunaki, who speak the Naki language: 1,200 in the Subdivision, plus 1,800 outside of it on the other bank of the Katsina",bib1256,no 8909-speakers-3,8909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000 (Breton 1993). 300 in Nse chiefdom""}",,,bib67,no -8909-LEI-1,8909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8909-vitality-1,8909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes -8909-LEI-2,8909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1247,no -8909-vitality-2,8909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1247,no -8929-context-1,8929,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2118,yes -8929-location-1,8929,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Buu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.56465, 10.25515]]}",,,bib2118,yes -8929-speaker_number-1,8929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8929-speakers-1,8929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2118,yes -8929-LEI-1,8929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2118,yes -8929-vitality-1,8929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2118,yes +8909-LEI-1,8909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8909-vitality-1,8909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes +8909-LEI-2,8909,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1256,no +8909-vitality-2,8909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1256,no +8929-context-1,8929,context,"{""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib2131,yes +8929-location-1,8929,location,"{""Places"": [""Cameroon""], ""Description"": ""Lower Fungom region, Cameroon; village of Buu."", ""Coordinates"": [[6.56465, 10.25515]]}",,,bib2131,yes +8929-speaker_number-1,8929,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8929-speakers-1,8929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""No estimate available""}",,"Due to traditional predominance of multilingualism, if we wanted to establish the number of total speakers of a given language of Lower Fungom, we would be obliged to consider the whole area and not confine ourselves to the village which gives the name to the language. This means that, at any given moment, the “speech community” associated with a particular language consists both of those resident in its associated village and of significant numbers of non-residents.",bib2131,yes +8929-LEI-1,8929,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2131,yes +8929-vitality-1,8929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2131,yes 8949-context-1,8949,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ninzo""}",,Most have shifted to Ninzo [nin].,bib67,no -8949-location-1,8949,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In 2005, Sambe was spoken in a single village, Sambe, some 10 km. west of the town of Agamati, on the Fadan Karshe-Wamba road. It was apparently formerly spoken at the settlements of Unguwar Gogo, \u00c0l\u00e0n, T\u00e8l\u00e8kp\u0254, Gb\u00e0tar, Ungwan Tukura, Ungwan Madaki, Ungwan Galadima and Ungwan Sarki.""}",,,bib4055,yes +8949-location-1,8949,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""In 2005, Sambe was spoken in a single village, Sambe, some 10 km. west of the town of Agamati, on the Fadan Karshe-Wamba road. It was apparently formerly spoken at the settlements of Unguwar Gogo, \u00c0l\u00e0n, T\u00e8l\u00e8kp\u0254, Gb\u00e0tar, Ungwan Tukura, Ungwan Madaki, Ungwan Galadima and Ungwan Sarki.""}",,,bib4075,yes 8949-location-2,8949,location,"{""Places"": [""Nigeria""], ""Description"": ""Kaduna state, Sambe village 10 km west of Agamati town."", ""Coordinates"": [[9.074976, 8.451004]]}",,,bib67,no -8949-speaker_number-1,8949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2001, Sambe was spoken by six people, three men and three women. All of these are extremely aged and the principal informant was said to be over 90 years old... Many other people of a slightly younger age have some knowledge of the language and can produce isolated words, but were apparently never fluent speakers. In 2005, Sambe was only spoken by two people, Atsar Amúsha, a man said to be ninety years old, and his wife, Àkutá Àbɔ, said to be eighty five.",bib4055,yes -8949-speakers-1,8949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2001, Sambe was spoken by six people, three men and three women. All of these are extremely aged and the principal informant was said to be over 90 years old... Many other people of a slightly younger age have some knowledge of the language and can produce isolated words, but were apparently never fluent speakers. In 2005, Sambe was only spoken by two people, Atsar Amúsha, a man said to be ninety years old, and his wife, Àkutá Àbɔ, said to be eighty five.",bib4055,yes +8949-speaker_number-1,8949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"In 2001, Sambe was spoken by six people, three men and three women. All of these are extremely aged and the principal informant was said to be over 90 years old... Many other people of a slightly younger age have some knowledge of the language and can produce isolated words, but were apparently never fluent speakers. In 2005, Sambe was only spoken by two people, Atsar Amúsha, a man said to be ninety years old, and his wife, Àkutá Àbɔ, said to be eighty five.",bib4075,yes +8949-speakers-1,8949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,"In 2001, Sambe was spoken by six people, three men and three women. All of these are extremely aged and the principal informant was said to be over 90 years old... Many other people of a slightly younger age have some knowledge of the language and can produce isolated words, but were apparently never fluent speakers. In 2005, Sambe was only spoken by two people, Atsar Amúsha, a man said to be ninety years old, and his wife, Àkutá Àbɔ, said to be eighty five.",bib4075,yes 8949-speaker_number-2,8949,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib67,no 8949-speakers-2,8949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2003"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib67,no -8949-LEI-1,8949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4055,yes -8949-transmission-1,8949,transmission,5,transmission-5,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4055,yes -8949-speaker_number_trends-1,8949,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4055,yes -8949-vitality-1,8949,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4055,yes +8949-LEI-1,8949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4075,yes +8949-transmission-1,8949,transmission,5,transmission-5,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4075,yes +8949-speaker_number_trends-1,8949,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4075,yes +8949-vitality-1,8949,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,Sambe has given way to Ninzo and is effectively moribund; within a few years it will be spoken no more.,bib4075,yes 8949-LEI-2,8949,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 8949-vitality-2,8949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -8969-context-1,8969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5217,no +8969-context-1,8969,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib5240,no 8969-location-1,8969,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Marksville, Louisiana"", ""Coordinates"": [[31.1267, -92.0661]]}",,,bib224,yes 8969-location-2,8969,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""North central Louisiana.""}",,,bib69,no -8969-location-3,8969,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Marksville, Louisiana""}",,,bib5217,no +8969-location-3,8969,location,"{""Places"": [""USA""], ""Description"": ""Marksville, Louisiana""}",,,bib5240,no 8969-speakers-1,8969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"The last speaker of Tunica, Sesostrie Youchigant, passed away in 1949; therefore there are no native, second-language or semi speakers of the language (Youchgant himself appears to have been a semi-speaker). However the Tunica-Biloxi tribe is working to change the situation, aiming lessons, classes, and learning materials at both children and adult tribe members.",bib224,yes 8969-speakers-2,8969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007""}",,"""No known L1 speakers ... Became extinct after 1950"" (Golla 2007).",bib69,no -8969-speakers-3,8969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Tunica, a heritage language of the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Marksville, Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, was spoken in the 17th and 18th century along the Mississippi River near Vicksburg, Mississippi ... the principal documentation is by Haas, who collected extensive data between 1933 and 1939 and published a grammar, a grammatical sketch, a dictionary, and a collection of texts. The last speaker, with whom Haas worked, died after 1950.",bib5217,no +8969-speakers-3,8969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""\u00d8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Tunica, a heritage language of the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Marksville, Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, was spoken in the 17th and 18th century along the Mississippi River near Vicksburg, Mississippi ... the principal documentation is by Haas, who collected extensive data between 1933 and 1939 and published a grammar, a grammatical sketch, a dictionary, and a collection of texts. The last speaker, with whom Haas worked, died after 1950.",bib5240,no 8969-LEI-1,8969,LEI,Awakening (),,"While the last native speaker of Tunica passed away in 1949, The Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Marksville, Louisana has been working with the Tulane Linguistics department to revitalize the Tunica language for the past two years. Using documents produced by Albert Gatschet, John Swanton and Mary Haas, the Tunica Tulane Language Project has created an updated orthography, written Tunica prayers, and produced several Tunica children's books with accompanying recording in Tunica. Lesson plans have also been created, and the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe held its first Tunica language camp in the summer of 2012. Current projects include producing an updated Tunica dictionary as well as an illustrated dictionary for children, creating a pedagogical grammar based on Haas, and producing digital, interactive language learning tools to accompany an ever increasing number of lesson plans. So while Tunica is currently sleeping, the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe is very adamantly trying to rouse it from its slumber.",bib224,yes 8969-vitality-1,8969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"While the last native speaker of Tunica passed away in 1949, The Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Marksville, Louisana has been working with the Tulane Linguistics department to revitalize the Tunica language for the past two years. Using documents produced by Albert Gatschet, John Swanton and Mary Haas, the Tunica Tulane Language Project has created an updated orthography, written Tunica prayers, and produced several Tunica children's books with accompanying recording in Tunica. Lesson plans have also been created, and the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe held its first Tunica language camp in the summer of 2012. Current projects include producing an updated Tunica dictionary as well as an illustrated dictionary for children, creating a pedagogical grammar based on Haas, and producing digital, interactive language learning tools to accompany an ever increasing number of lesson plans. So while Tunica is currently sleeping, the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe is very adamantly trying to rouse it from its slumber.",bib224,yes 8969-LEI-2,8969,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 8969-vitality-2,8969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -8969-LEI-3,8969,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5217,no -8969-vitality-3,8969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5217,no -8989-location-1,8989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.79, 126.18]]}",,,bib3264,no +8969-LEI-3,8969,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib5240,no +8969-vitality-3,8969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib5240,no +8989-location-1,8989,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[6.79, 126.18]]}",,,bib3280,no 8989-location-2,8989,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Mindanao, Davao Oriental Province, west Baganga municipality; then into central west Compostela Valley Province; continuing south back into Davao Oriental Province, as far south as Pujada Bay.""}",,,bib69,yes 8989-speaker_number-1,8989,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,yes 8989-speakers-1,8989,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""57,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,yes @@ -64929,101 +65133,101 @@ communicate with a small number of deaf individuals. Almost all the inhabitants 8989-vitality-1,8989,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 9011-context-2,9011,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English""}",,,bib230,no 9011-location-1,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""British Columbia, Canada""], ""Coordinates"": [[54.72, -116.73]]}",,,bib73,yes -9011-location-2,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken throughout central Alberta and even into northeastern British Columbia and the Northwest Territories. Over this large territory, Plains Cree can be found in many regional forms which have not been exhaustively surveyed.""}",,,bib7896,no +9011-location-2,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spoken throughout central Alberta and even into northeastern British Columbia and the Northwest Territories. Over this large territory, Plains Cree can be found in many regional forms which have not been exhaustively surveyed.""}",,,bib7921,no 9011-location-3,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada, United States""], ""Description"": ""Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Montana""}",,,bib230,no -9011-location-4,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spread over 124 communities in Canada"", ""Coordinates"": [[56.3544, -113.8345]]}",,,bib5307,no +9011-location-4,9011,location,"{""Places"": [""Canada""], ""Description"": ""Spread over 124 communities in Canada"", ""Coordinates"": [[56.3544, -113.8345]]}",,,bib5330,no 9011-speaker_number-1,9011,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Note: This data reflects only the speakers of Nēhiyawēwin in British Columbia; there are many other speakers and varieties of Nēhiyawēwin in Saskatchewan and Alberta.,bib73,yes 9011-speakers-1,9011,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,405"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""68"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""94""}",,Note: This data reflects only the speakers of Nēhiyawēwin in British Columbia; there are many other speakers and varieties of Nēhiyawēwin in Saskatchewan and Alberta.,bib73,yes 9011-speaker_number-2,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib230,no 9011-speakers-2,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib230,no -9011-speaker_number-3,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -9011-speakers-3,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,933"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -9011-speaker_number-4,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"84,000 total speakers across Canada, as reported in the most recent census.",bib1282,no -9011-speakers-4,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"84,000 total speakers across Canada, as reported in the most recent census.",bib1282,no -9011-speaker_number-5,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2905,no -9011-speakers-5,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,070 in Canada (2021 census), of which 567 in British Columbia. 884 reported language learners in British Columbia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""884""}",,,bib2905,no +9011-speaker_number-3,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +9011-speakers-3,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,933"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +9011-speaker_number-4,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"84,000 total speakers across Canada, as reported in the most recent census.",bib1291,no +9011-speakers-4,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""84,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"84,000 total speakers across Canada, as reported in the most recent census.",bib1291,no +9011-speaker_number-5,9011,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib2919,no +9011-speakers-5,9011,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""53,070 in Canada (2021 census), of which 567 in British Columbia. 884 reported language learners in British Columbia."", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""884""}",,,bib2919,no 9011-LEI-1,9011,LEI,"Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib73,yes 9011-vitality-1,9011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib73,yes 9011-LEI-2,9011,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Speaker number is diminishing as social pressures increase to use English, leaving many Cree children without a fluent command of Cree. Monolingual Plains Cree speakers are still found, however, in the more rural Cree-speaking areas, such as the Cree territory's northern reaches. These populations, nevertheless, are primarily composed of elders and are continuously shrinking in size.",bib230,no 9011-transmission-2,9011,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Speaker number is diminishing as social pressures increase to use English, leaving many Cree children without a fluent command of Cree. Monolingual Plains Cree speakers are still found, however, in the more rural Cree-speaking areas, such as the Cree territory's northern reaches. These populations, nevertheless, are primarily composed of elders and are continuously shrinking in size.",bib230,no 9011-speaker_number_trends-2,9011,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Speaker number is diminishing as social pressures increase to use English, leaving many Cree children without a fluent command of Cree. Monolingual Plains Cree speakers are still found, however, in the more rural Cree-speaking areas, such as the Cree territory's northern reaches. These populations, nevertheless, are primarily composed of elders and are continuously shrinking in size.",bib230,no 9011-vitality-2,9011,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,"Speaker number is diminishing as social pressures increase to use English, leaving many Cree children without a fluent command of Cree. Monolingual Plains Cree speakers are still found, however, in the more rural Cree-speaking areas, such as the Cree territory's northern reaches. These populations, nevertheless, are primarily composed of elders and are continuously shrinking in size.",bib230,no -9011-LEI-3,9011,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -9011-vitality-3,9011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -9011-LEI-4,9011,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1282,no -9011-vitality-4,9011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1282,no -9029-context-1,9029,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""non-formal, colloquial""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All users of Chiangmai Sign Language use other languages as well.""}",,,bib7898,no -9029-context-2,9029,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"OCMSL was never used in any schools for deaf people. Currently, all users of OCMSL are also fluent in MTSL. All users of OCMSL are over the age of sixty-five and no younger signers are currently learning OCMSL.",bib7914,yes -9029-location-1,9029,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Used in Chiangmai City and perhaps some of the provinces surrounding Chiangmai"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.789968, 98.984387]]}",,,bib7898,no -9029-location-2,9029,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chiang mai""}",,,bib7914,yes -9029-speaker_number-1,9029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Chiangmai the real number of signers is unknown. Numbers based on UN estimates.,bib7898,no -9029-speakers-1,9029,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90-170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""90-170""}",,Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Chiangmai the real number of signers is unknown. Numbers based on UN estimates.,bib7898,no -9029-speaker_number-2,9029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 19 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OCMSL is used. The estimated number of users of OCMSL therefore is up to 19 remaining users.",bib7914,yes -9029-speakers-2,9029,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""~19""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 19 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OCMSL is used. The estimated number of users of OCMSL therefore is up to 19 remaining users.",bib7914,yes +9011-LEI-3,9011,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +9011-vitality-3,9011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +9011-LEI-4,9011,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1291,no +9011-vitality-4,9011,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1291,no +9029-context-1,9029,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""non-formal, colloquial""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All users of Chiangmai Sign Language use other languages as well.""}",,,bib7923,no +9029-context-2,9029,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Modern Thai Sign Language"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"OCMSL was never used in any schools for deaf people. Currently, all users of OCMSL are also fluent in MTSL. All users of OCMSL are over the age of sixty-five and no younger signers are currently learning OCMSL.",bib7939,yes +9029-location-1,9029,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Used in Chiangmai City and perhaps some of the provinces surrounding Chiangmai"", ""Coordinates"": [[18.789968, 98.984387]]}",,,bib7923,no +9029-location-2,9029,location,"{""Places"": [""Thailand""], ""Description"": ""Chiang mai""}",,,bib7939,yes +9029-speaker_number-1,9029,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Chiangmai the real number of signers is unknown. Numbers based on UN estimates.,bib7923,no +9029-speakers-1,9029,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""90-170"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""90-170""}",,Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Chiangmai the real number of signers is unknown. Numbers based on UN estimates.,bib7923,no +9029-speaker_number-2,9029,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 19 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OCMSL is used. The estimated number of users of OCMSL therefore is up to 19 remaining users.",bib7939,yes +9029-speakers-2,9029,speakers,"{""Older Adults"": ""0"", ""Young Adults"": ""0"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~19"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Elders"": ""~19""}",,"Since there has never been a census of deaf people in Bangkok, the real number of signers is unknown. However, some estimate of the number of signers can be made... Using United Nations estimates for urban areas of 1 person out of every 1,000 person born profoundly deaf or becoming profoundly deaf at an early age, there would be an estimate of 19 deaf people over the age of sixty-five living in the area where OCMSL is used. The estimated number of users of OCMSL therefore is up to 19 remaining users.",bib7939,yes 9029-speakers-3,9029,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib67,no -9029-LEI-1,9029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7898,no -9029-transmission-1,9029,transmission,5,transmission-5,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7898,no -9029-domains_of_use-1,9029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7898,no -9029-speaker_number_trends-1,9029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7898,no -9029-vitality-1,9029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7898,no -9029-LEI-2,9029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7914,yes -9029-transmission-2,9029,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7914,yes -9029-domains_of_use-2,9029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7914,yes -9029-speaker_number_trends-2,9029,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7914,yes -9029-vitality-2,9029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7914,yes -9049-context-1,9049,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, public transportation, education, market, business, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, Sambaa, Pare"", ""Government Support"": ""The government aggressively supports Swahili language programs nationwide."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Mbugu people are able to speak Swahili with adequate structural accuracy and vocabulary to satisfy all social, work, and church requirements. ... Code switching between Swahili and the mother tongue is easy and natural. ... the Mbugu people usually have a firm grasp on [Sambaa and/or Pare]. Mbugu children learn these languages at an early age when they are playing with their neighbors.",bib4616,yes -9049-context-2,9049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English, Shambaa""}",,,bib5360,no -9049-location-1,9049,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Mbugu area is located in the northeastern corner of Tanzania in the Usambara Mountain range. ... The largest concentration of Mbugu is the\nMagamba/Malibwi area, the second area of concentration is the Tetei/(Bumbuli) area, and the last area is that of Fuizai. In each of these areas, small pockets of Mbugu people can be found. ... The Mbugu people are never found in an isolated situation; instead, they live in villages intermixed with the Sambaa and Pare."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.704289, 38.378472], [-4.866254, 38.46514]]}",,,bib4616,yes -9049-location-2,9049,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Usambara Mountains""}",,,bib5360,no -9049-speaker_number-1,9049,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Mbugu people are identified by two distinct language varieties, KiMbugu cha ndani ['inside language'] and KiMbugu cha kawaida [a Swahili phrase that means the 'usual language'] (Dimendaal 1989:29). Ethnically, outsiders refer to speakers of both forms as WaMbugu (Swahili) or Mbugu (English). Insiders use Ma’a as the name of the cha ndani variety. They might also refer to those who speak this variety as Ma’a. The Ma’a speakers themselves refer to the speech of their kin who do not speak Ma’a as either KiMbugu cha kawaida or else KiPare since it is so much like the language of their Pare neighbors. In addition to this division of the ethnic group, there exists another large segment of people who are Mbugu ethnically but who no longer speak either form of their ancestral language... Cha kawaida speakers comprise between 60 percent and 65 percent of the Mbugu population... my estimate is that the cha ndani speakers are close to 35 percent or 40 percent of those that claim to be ethnic Mbugu.",bib4616,yes -9049-speakers-1,9049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Mbugu people are identified by two distinct language varieties, KiMbugu cha ndani ['inside language'] and KiMbugu cha kawaida [a Swahili phrase that means the 'usual language'] (Dimendaal 1989:29). Ethnically, outsiders refer to speakers of both forms as WaMbugu (Swahili) or Mbugu (English). Insiders use Ma’a as the name of the cha ndani variety. They might also refer to those who speak this variety as Ma’a. The Ma’a speakers themselves refer to the speech of their kin who do not speak Ma’a as either KiMbugu cha kawaida or else KiPare since it is so much like the language of their Pare neighbors. In addition to this division of the ethnic group, there exists another large segment of people who are Mbugu ethnically but who no longer speak either form of their ancestral language... Cha kawaida speakers comprise between 60 percent and 65 percent of the Mbugu population... my estimate is that the cha ndani speakers are close to 35 percent or 40 percent of those that claim to be ethnic Mbugu.",bib4616,yes -9049-speaker_number-2,9049,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,It is difficult to estimate the number of Mixed Ma'a.Mbugu speakers.,bib5360,no -9049-speakers-2,9049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,It is difficult to estimate the number of Mixed Ma'a.Mbugu speakers.,bib5360,no +9029-LEI-1,9029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7923,no +9029-transmission-1,9029,transmission,5,transmission-5,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7923,no +9029-domains_of_use-1,9029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7923,no +9029-speaker_number_trends-1,9029,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7923,no +9029-vitality-1,9029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,No monolingual users. All users over the age of 60.,bib7923,no +9029-LEI-2,9029,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7939,yes +9029-transmission-2,9029,transmission,5,transmission-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7939,yes +9029-domains_of_use-2,9029,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7939,yes +9029-speaker_number_trends-2,9029,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7939,yes +9029-vitality-2,9029,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"All the users are above 65 years old. ""OCMSL is currently only used in very limited social situations. Instead MTSL replaces OCMSL in almost all interaction. Because of this situation and because of the extremely small number of users OCMSL is a critically endangered sign language. It is quite likely that if documentation of OCMSL is not completed in one generation that OCMSL will be lost to linguistic study forever, since there is currently no extensive record of OCMSL.""",bib7939,yes +9049-context-1,9049,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Government, public transportation, education, market, business, church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, Sambaa, Pare"", ""Government Support"": ""The government aggressively supports Swahili language programs nationwide."", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Most Mbugu people are able to speak Swahili with adequate structural accuracy and vocabulary to satisfy all social, work, and church requirements. ... Code switching between Swahili and the mother tongue is easy and natural. ... the Mbugu people usually have a firm grasp on [Sambaa and/or Pare]. Mbugu children learn these languages at an early age when they are playing with their neighbors.",bib4638,yes +9049-context-2,9049,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Swahili, English, Shambaa""}",,,bib5383,no +9049-location-1,9049,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""The Mbugu area is located in the northeastern corner of Tanzania in the Usambara Mountain range. ... The largest concentration of Mbugu is the\nMagamba/Malibwi area, the second area of concentration is the Tetei/(Bumbuli) area, and the last area is that of Fuizai. In each of these areas, small pockets of Mbugu people can be found. ... The Mbugu people are never found in an isolated situation; instead, they live in villages intermixed with the Sambaa and Pare."", ""Coordinates"": [[-4.704289, 38.378472], [-4.866254, 38.46514]]}",,,bib4638,yes +9049-location-2,9049,location,"{""Places"": [""Tanzania""], ""Description"": ""Usambara Mountains""}",,,bib5383,no +9049-speaker_number-1,9049,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The Mbugu people are identified by two distinct language varieties, KiMbugu cha ndani ['inside language'] and KiMbugu cha kawaida [a Swahili phrase that means the 'usual language'] (Dimendaal 1989:29). Ethnically, outsiders refer to speakers of both forms as WaMbugu (Swahili) or Mbugu (English). Insiders use Ma’a as the name of the cha ndani variety. They might also refer to those who speak this variety as Ma’a. The Ma’a speakers themselves refer to the speech of their kin who do not speak Ma’a as either KiMbugu cha kawaida or else KiPare since it is so much like the language of their Pare neighbors. In addition to this division of the ethnic group, there exists another large segment of people who are Mbugu ethnically but who no longer speak either form of their ancestral language... Cha kawaida speakers comprise between 60 percent and 65 percent of the Mbugu population... my estimate is that the cha ndani speakers are close to 35 percent or 40 percent of those that claim to be ethnic Mbugu.",bib4638,yes +9049-speakers-1,9049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The Mbugu people are identified by two distinct language varieties, KiMbugu cha ndani ['inside language'] and KiMbugu cha kawaida [a Swahili phrase that means the 'usual language'] (Dimendaal 1989:29). Ethnically, outsiders refer to speakers of both forms as WaMbugu (Swahili) or Mbugu (English). Insiders use Ma’a as the name of the cha ndani variety. They might also refer to those who speak this variety as Ma’a. The Ma’a speakers themselves refer to the speech of their kin who do not speak Ma’a as either KiMbugu cha kawaida or else KiPare since it is so much like the language of their Pare neighbors. In addition to this division of the ethnic group, there exists another large segment of people who are Mbugu ethnically but who no longer speak either form of their ancestral language... Cha kawaida speakers comprise between 60 percent and 65 percent of the Mbugu population... my estimate is that the cha ndani speakers are close to 35 percent or 40 percent of those that claim to be ethnic Mbugu.",bib4638,yes +9049-speaker_number-2,9049,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,It is difficult to estimate the number of Mixed Ma'a.Mbugu speakers.,bib5383,no +9049-speakers-2,9049,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,It is difficult to estimate the number of Mixed Ma'a.Mbugu speakers.,bib5383,no 9049-speaker_number-3,9049,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib67,no 9049-speakers-3,9049,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""32,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib67,no 9049-LEI-1,9049,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Mbugu cha ndani speakers speak cha ndani a majority of the time in the domain of the home. Cha ndani also is used occasionally in interpersonal exchanges outside of the home, but the number of those able to use this form is small so its use is limited. ... When asked this question [“What does the future look like for the Mbugu language?”] or a similar question, two-thirds answered that their language was being lost. In another question over two-thirds answered that the Mbugu young people are leaving their language in order to speak Swahili. ... Increasingly, Mbugu parents are not teaching their children how to speak their own language, a reality that many parents readily admit. ... The language of cha kawaida is actively in a process of language shift and it is unacceptable to the Mbugu Community as authentic Mbugu and cha ndani is experiencing systematic -decline.",bib4616,yes +decline.",bib4638,yes 9049-transmission-1,9049,transmission,1,transmission-1,"Mbugu cha ndani speakers speak cha ndani a majority of the time in the domain of the home. Cha ndani also is used occasionally in interpersonal exchanges outside of the home, but the number of those able to use this form is small so its use is limited. ... When asked this question [“What does the future look like for the Mbugu language?”] or a similar question, two-thirds answered that their language was being lost. In another question over two-thirds answered that the Mbugu young people are leaving their language in order to speak Swahili. ... Increasingly, Mbugu parents are not teaching their children how to speak their own language, a reality that many parents readily admit. ... The language of cha kawaida is actively in a process of language shift and it is unacceptable to the Mbugu Community as authentic Mbugu and cha ndani is experiencing systematic -decline.",bib4616,yes +decline.",bib4638,yes 9049-domains_of_use-1,9049,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Mbugu cha ndani speakers speak cha ndani a majority of the time in the domain of the home. Cha ndani also is used occasionally in interpersonal exchanges outside of the home, but the number of those able to use this form is small so its use is limited. ... When asked this question [“What does the future look like for the Mbugu language?”] or a similar question, two-thirds answered that their language was being lost. In another question over two-thirds answered that the Mbugu young people are leaving their language in order to speak Swahili. ... Increasingly, Mbugu parents are not teaching their children how to speak their own language, a reality that many parents readily admit. ... The language of cha kawaida is actively in a process of language shift and it is unacceptable to the Mbugu Community as authentic Mbugu and cha ndani is experiencing systematic -decline.",bib4616,yes +decline.",bib4638,yes 9049-speaker_number_trends-1,9049,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Mbugu cha ndani speakers speak cha ndani a majority of the time in the domain of the home. Cha ndani also is used occasionally in interpersonal exchanges outside of the home, but the number of those able to use this form is small so its use is limited. ... When asked this question [“What does the future look like for the Mbugu language?”] or a similar question, two-thirds answered that their language was being lost. In another question over two-thirds answered that the Mbugu young people are leaving their language in order to speak Swahili. ... Increasingly, Mbugu parents are not teaching their children how to speak their own language, a reality that many parents readily admit. ... The language of cha kawaida is actively in a process of language shift and it is unacceptable to the Mbugu Community as authentic Mbugu and cha ndani is experiencing systematic -decline.",bib4616,yes +decline.",bib4638,yes 9049-vitality-1,9049,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Mbugu cha ndani speakers speak cha ndani a majority of the time in the domain of the home. Cha ndani also is used occasionally in interpersonal exchanges outside of the home, but the number of those able to use this form is small so its use is limited. ... When asked this question [“What does the future look like for the Mbugu language?”] or a similar question, two-thirds answered that their language was being lost. In another question over two-thirds answered that the Mbugu young people are leaving their language in order to speak Swahili. ... Increasingly, Mbugu parents are not teaching their children how to speak their own language, a reality that many parents readily admit. ... The language of cha kawaida is actively in a process of language shift and it is unacceptable to the Mbugu Community as authentic Mbugu and cha ndani is experiencing systematic -decline.",bib4616,yes -9049-LEI-2,9049,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5360,no -9049-vitality-2,9049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5360,no +decline.",bib4638,yes +9049-LEI-2,9049,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5383,no +9049-vitality-2,9049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5383,no 9049-LEI-3,9049,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9049-vitality-3,9049,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -9069-location-1,9069,location,"{""Places"": [""Yal\u00e1lag, Zoogocho, Yatzachi el Bajo, Yatzachi el Alto, Lachiroag, Melchor Betaza, Zoochina, Tabaa, Yojovi, San Andr\u00e9s Solaga, San Francisco Cajonos, San Pedro Cajonos, San Pablo Yaganiza""]}",,,bib788,yes -9072-location-1,9072,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Lachix\u00edo, San Vicente Lachix\u00edo, San Pedro el Alto, San Antonino el Alto, San Miguel Mixtepec and San Mateo Mixtepec""]}",,,bib788,yes -9089-context-1,9089,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shira, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some Gabonese media exposure through the documentary film \""Le Dictionnaire\"""", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French)""}",,"La publication du dictionnaire en 2002 a déclenché un véritable regain d’intérêt pour la langue et son utilisation, notamment parmi les jeunes de la communauté. La restitution de cet ouvrage à la communauté lors d’une cérémonie officielle et festive en janvier 2003 a été filmée par Laurent Maget qui a utilisé ces images pour produire un documentaire de 26 minutes intitulé «Le Dictionnaire». A l’heure actuelle, ce documentaire est régulièrement montré à la télévision gabonaise (trois fois par mois, en moyenne). Il contribue ainsi à la revalorisation de la culture et de la langue des Eviya. Si ces derniers étaient encore inconnus du grand public gabonais il y a quelques décennies, ils ne le sont certainement plus aujourd’hui. Ils ne peuvent plus passer inaperçus de nos jours et ils en sont fiers. Si avant la parution du dictionnaire ils éprouvaient encore de la honte à l’égard de l’utilisation de propre leur langue (qu’ils évitaient d’utiliser en présence de locuteurs d’autres langues locales ou qu’ils n’utilisaient qu’en chuchotant), ils regardent à présent leur langue et leurs coutumes avec fierté. Il serait cependant illusoire de penser que la langue geviya pourra encore se maintenir très longtemps.",bib7539,yes -9089-context-2,9089,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Eshira, Getsogo"", ""Government Support"": ""National language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Despite a national language status, like every other indigenous language in Gabon, Geviya nowadays is severely threatened with extinction. ... The Eviya all speak at least two indigenous languages: theirs and Eshira (Bantu B41). Many also speak Getsogo (Bantu B31), very close to Geviya. Most of them also speak fluent French. ",bib7538,no -9089-location-1,9089,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Si de nombreux Eviya ont migr\u00e9 vers les deux grands centres urbains (i.e. Libreville, Port-Gentil) au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, nombre d\u2019entre eux habitent encore dans le seul village authentiquement eviya qui se maintient encore \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. Il s\u2019agit du village de Mavono situ\u00e9 sur la rive droite de la Ngouni\u00e9, presque enti\u00e8rement entour\u00e9 de formations foresti\u00e8res secondaires, en face de la ville de Fougamou"", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.216301, 10.599997]]}",,,bib7539,yes -9089-location-2,9089,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Geviya is spoken in the central part of Gabon, in one single village located on the right bank of the Ngouni\u00e9 river, opposite the city \u2013 prefecture \u2013 of Fougamou. Some traces of former villages remain, located out in the bush, east of today\u2019s village. Other speakers of the language now live scattered over large urban centers, Libreville especially.""}",,,bib7538,no -9089-speaker_number-1,9089,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Le ge-viya (ɣè-βíyà) est une variété linguistique qui est parlée par 400 locuteurs tout au plus (estimation 2012). Néanmoins, seulement quelques dizaines de ces locuteurs parleraient encore couramment cette langue à l’heure actuelle. Tout porte à croire que le geviya est en voie d’extinction totale (Van der Veen 1991a et 1999). ... Among the some 400 (maximum) speakers, there are a very limited number of good (fully fluent) speakers (20? 30?). Most of the some 380 non-fluent speakers are also native speakers but as all Eviya speakers are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French) the mastery of the language is restricted.",bib7539,yes -9089-speakers-1,9089,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Le ge-viya (ɣè-βíyà) est une variété linguistique qui est parlée par 400 locuteurs tout au plus (estimation 2012). Néanmoins, seulement quelques dizaines de ces locuteurs parleraient encore couramment cette langue à l’heure actuelle. Tout porte à croire que le geviya est en voie d’extinction totale (Van der Veen 1991a et 1999). ... Among the some 400 (maximum) speakers, there are a very limited number of good (fully fluent) speakers (20? 30?). Most of the some 380 non-fluent speakers are also native speakers but as all Eviya speakers are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French) the mastery of the language is restricted.",bib7539,yes -9089-speaker_number-2,9089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of Eviya (the speakers of Geviya) is estimated around 400. Because they live on national ground, obtaining precise figures is difficult. In the official censuses led by the Gabonese government, the Eviya are consistently grouped (confused?) with other communities. However, linguists believe that the number of fluent [masterful] speakers does not exceed approximately twenty.",bib7538,no -9089-speakers-2,9089,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of Eviya (the speakers of Geviya) is estimated around 400. Because they live on national ground, obtaining precise figures is difficult. In the official censuses led by the Gabonese government, the Eviya are consistently grouped (confused?) with other communities. However, linguists believe that the number of fluent [masterful] speakers does not exceed approximately twenty.",bib7538,no -9089-LEI-1,9089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7539,yes -9089-transmission-1,9089,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7539,yes -9089-domains_of_use-1,9089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7539,yes -9089-speaker_number_trends-1,9089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7539,yes -9089-vitality-1,9089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7539,yes -9089-LEI-2,9089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7538,no -9089-transmission-2,9089,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7538,no -9089-domains_of_use-2,9089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7538,no -9089-speaker_number_trends-2,9089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7538,no -9089-vitality-2,9089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7538,no +9069-location-1,9069,location,"{""Places"": [""Yal\u00e1lag, Zoogocho, Yatzachi el Bajo, Yatzachi el Alto, Lachiroag, Melchor Betaza, Zoochina, Tabaa, Yojovi, San Andr\u00e9s Solaga, San Francisco Cajonos, San Pedro Cajonos, San Pablo Yaganiza""]}",,,bib792,yes +9072-location-1,9072,location,"{""Places"": [""Santa Mar\u00eda Lachix\u00edo, San Vicente Lachix\u00edo, San Pedro el Alto, San Antonino el Alto, San Miguel Mixtepec and San Mateo Mixtepec""]}",,,bib792,yes +9089-context-1,9089,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Shira, French"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Some Gabonese media exposure through the documentary film \""Le Dictionnaire\"""", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French)""}",,"La publication du dictionnaire en 2002 a déclenché un véritable regain d’intérêt pour la langue et son utilisation, notamment parmi les jeunes de la communauté. La restitution de cet ouvrage à la communauté lors d’une cérémonie officielle et festive en janvier 2003 a été filmée par Laurent Maget qui a utilisé ces images pour produire un documentaire de 26 minutes intitulé «Le Dictionnaire». A l’heure actuelle, ce documentaire est régulièrement montré à la télévision gabonaise (trois fois par mois, en moyenne). Il contribue ainsi à la revalorisation de la culture et de la langue des Eviya. Si ces derniers étaient encore inconnus du grand public gabonais il y a quelques décennies, ils ne le sont certainement plus aujourd’hui. Ils ne peuvent plus passer inaperçus de nos jours et ils en sont fiers. Si avant la parution du dictionnaire ils éprouvaient encore de la honte à l’égard de l’utilisation de propre leur langue (qu’ils évitaient d’utiliser en présence de locuteurs d’autres langues locales ou qu’ils n’utilisaient qu’en chuchotant), ils regardent à présent leur langue et leurs coutumes avec fierté. Il serait cependant illusoire de penser que la langue geviya pourra encore se maintenir très longtemps.",bib7564,yes +9089-context-2,9089,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Eshira, Getsogo"", ""Government Support"": ""National language"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,"Despite a national language status, like every other indigenous language in Gabon, Geviya nowadays is severely threatened with extinction. ... The Eviya all speak at least two indigenous languages: theirs and Eshira (Bantu B41). Many also speak Getsogo (Bantu B31), very close to Geviya. Most of them also speak fluent French. ",bib7563,no +9089-location-1,9089,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Si de nombreux Eviya ont migr\u00e9 vers les deux grands centres urbains (i.e. Libreville, Port-Gentil) au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, nombre d\u2019entre eux habitent encore dans le seul village authentiquement eviya qui se maintient encore \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent. Il s\u2019agit du village de Mavono situ\u00e9 sur la rive droite de la Ngouni\u00e9, presque enti\u00e8rement entour\u00e9 de formations foresti\u00e8res secondaires, en face de la ville de Fougamou"", ""Coordinates"": [[-1.216301, 10.599997]]}",,,bib7564,yes +9089-location-2,9089,location,"{""Places"": [""Gabon""], ""Description"": ""Geviya is spoken in the central part of Gabon, in one single village located on the right bank of the Ngouni\u00e9 river, opposite the city \u2013 prefecture \u2013 of Fougamou. Some traces of former villages remain, located out in the bush, east of today\u2019s village. Other speakers of the language now live scattered over large urban centers, Libreville especially.""}",,,bib7563,no +9089-speaker_number-1,9089,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Le ge-viya (ɣè-βíyà) est une variété linguistique qui est parlée par 400 locuteurs tout au plus (estimation 2012). Néanmoins, seulement quelques dizaines de ces locuteurs parleraient encore couramment cette langue à l’heure actuelle. Tout porte à croire que le geviya est en voie d’extinction totale (Van der Veen 1991a et 1999). ... Among the some 400 (maximum) speakers, there are a very limited number of good (fully fluent) speakers (20? 30?). Most of the some 380 non-fluent speakers are also native speakers but as all Eviya speakers are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French) the mastery of the language is restricted.",bib7564,yes +9089-speakers-1,9089,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Le ge-viya (ɣè-βíyà) est une variété linguistique qui est parlée par 400 locuteurs tout au plus (estimation 2012). Néanmoins, seulement quelques dizaines de ces locuteurs parleraient encore couramment cette langue à l’heure actuelle. Tout porte à croire que le geviya est en voie d’extinction totale (Van der Veen 1991a et 1999). ... Among the some 400 (maximum) speakers, there are a very limited number of good (fully fluent) speakers (20? 30?). Most of the some 380 non-fluent speakers are also native speakers but as all Eviya speakers are trilingual (Geviya, Shira, French) the mastery of the language is restricted.",bib7564,yes +9089-speaker_number-2,9089,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,"The number of Eviya (the speakers of Geviya) is estimated around 400. Because they live on national ground, obtaining precise figures is difficult. In the official censuses led by the Gabonese government, the Eviya are consistently grouped (confused?) with other communities. However, linguists believe that the number of fluent [masterful] speakers does not exceed approximately twenty.",bib7563,no +9089-speakers-2,9089,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,"The number of Eviya (the speakers of Geviya) is estimated around 400. Because they live on national ground, obtaining precise figures is difficult. In the official censuses led by the Gabonese government, the Eviya are consistently grouped (confused?) with other communities. However, linguists believe that the number of fluent [masterful] speakers does not exceed approximately twenty.",bib7563,no +9089-LEI-1,9089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7564,yes +9089-transmission-1,9089,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7564,yes +9089-domains_of_use-1,9089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7564,yes +9089-speaker_number_trends-1,9089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7564,yes +9089-vitality-1,9089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Comme causes de cette disparition l’on peut citer plusieurs épidémies dévastatrices s’étant produit notamment au début du 20ème siècle et, plus récemment, l’exode vers les grandes villes du pays, le plurilinguisme ambiant où le français tend à remplacer inexorablement les langues locales et l’arrêt progressif de la transmission intergénérationnelle (phénomène très répandu dans les grands centres urbains et un peu moins en province).",bib7564,yes +9089-LEI-2,9089,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7563,no +9089-transmission-2,9089,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7563,no +9089-domains_of_use-2,9089,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7563,no +9089-speaker_number_trends-2,9089,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7563,no +9089-vitality-2,9089,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Cross-generational transmission is under process of interruption. The children are still taught the language (passive command) but they usually answer in French when addressed by the older generations. Children communicate in French, the language they learn and use in school. This shows an unequal form of bilingualism. A rise in interest towards the language has been observed since the publication of a Geviya/French dictionary in 2002 (see bibliography below), though it would be wrong to consider this could reverse the trend, in today’s context of globalization and economy crisis.",bib7563,no 9109-context-1,9109,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian [ind]""}",,,bib69,yes 9109-location-1,9109,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; East Rote island, Rikou, Landu, and Oe Pao domains.""}",,,bib69,yes 9109-location-2,9109,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.55, 123.31]]}",,,bib75,no -9109-location-3,9109,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Rote-Ndao regency""}",,,bib4061,no +9109-location-3,9109,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Rote-Ndao regency""}",,,bib4081,no 9109-speaker_number-1,9109,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,yes 9109-speakers-1,9109,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""12,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2001"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,yes 9109-LEI-1,9109,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes @@ -65031,123 +65235,123 @@ decline.",bib4616,yes 9129-context-1,9129,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""ndonesian [ind], Kupang Malay [mkn]""}",,,bib69,yes 9129-location-1,9129,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; Rote island, southwest. East of Dela-Oenale [row], west of Lole [llg], and south of Dengka [dnk] language areas.""}",,,bib69,yes 9129-location-2,9129,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.84, 122.96]]}",,,bib75,no -9129-location-3,9129,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Rote-Ndao regency""}",,,bib4061,no +9129-location-3,9129,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Rote-Ndao regency""}",,,bib4081,no 9129-speaker_number-1,9129,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2002 UKAW),bib69,yes 9129-speakers-1,9129,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2002 UKAW),bib69,yes 9129-LEI-1,9129,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 9129-vitality-1,9129,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes 9149-location-1,9149,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.77, 124.14]]}",,,bib75,no -9149-speaker_number-1,9149,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4061,yes -9149-speakers-1,9149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4061,yes +9149-speaker_number-1,9149,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4081,yes +9149-speakers-1,9149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2009"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4081,yes 9149-speaker_number-2,9149,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 9149-speakers-2,9149,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""586,000 ( Grimes, Therik, Grimes, and Jacob 1997)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -9149-LEI-1,9149,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Uab Meto is used mainly in domestic settings. The language is not used for ritual, commerce, education, or government.",bib4061,yes -9149-vitality-1,9149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Uab Meto is used mainly in domestic settings. The language is not used for ritual, commerce, education, or government.",bib4061,yes +9149-LEI-1,9149,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Uab Meto is used mainly in domestic settings. The language is not used for ritual, commerce, education, or government.",bib4081,yes +9149-vitality-1,9149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Uab Meto is used mainly in domestic settings. The language is not used for ritual, commerce, education, or government.",bib4081,yes 9149-LEI-2,9149,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9149-vitality-2,9149,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -9169-context-1,9169,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No official status or support in either East Timor or Indonesia.""}",,,bib4061,yes +9169-context-1,9169,context,"{""Government Support"": ""No official status or support in either East Timor or Indonesia.""}",,,bib4081,yes 9169-location-1,9169,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.61, 125.96]]}",,,bib75,no -9169-location-2,9169,location,"{""Places"": [""Manatuto, Timorleste"", ""Wetar, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.58, 126.0]]}",,,bib4061,yes -9169-speaker_number-1,9169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4061,yes -9169-speakers-1,9169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4061,yes +9169-location-2,9169,location,"{""Places"": [""Manatuto, Timorleste"", ""Wetar, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.58, 126.0]]}",,,bib4081,yes +9169-speaker_number-1,9169,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4081,yes +9169-speakers-1,9169,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""13,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4081,yes 9169-speakers-2,9169,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""50,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000 (Wurm and Hattori 1981)""}",,,bib67,no 9169-LEI-1,9169,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Galoli is used by older speakers in most domains, but younger speakers are increasingly using Tetun and Indonesian in most spheres of life. -Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down, and there is strong evidence that younger speakers (under 40) are not using full inflectional paradigms. Speakers in Dili generally have only an emblematic command of the language.",bib4061,yes +Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down, and there is strong evidence that younger speakers (under 40) are not using full inflectional paradigms. Speakers in Dili generally have only an emblematic command of the language.",bib4081,yes 9169-vitality-1,9169,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Galoli is used by older speakers in most domains, but younger speakers are increasingly using Tetun and Indonesian in most spheres of life. -Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down, and there is strong evidence that younger speakers (under 40) are not using full inflectional paradigms. Speakers in Dili generally have only an emblematic command of the language.",bib4061,yes -9170-location-1,9170,location,"{""Places"": [""Sawu islands""], ""Description"": ""The Sawu island lie in the midway between Sumba and Kupang. They are in the official province of Nusa Tenggara Timur. Sawu island is 40 km long by 15 km wide. Rainjua is 11 km by 6 km. Seba is the largest town on the western coast of Sawu island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.463905, 121.879673]]}",,"Migrant Sawu communities exist in the Kupang region of West-Timor, Coastal regions of Sumba, Ende in Flores, Surabaya, and Jakarta",bib7672,no +Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down, and there is strong evidence that younger speakers (under 40) are not using full inflectional paradigms. Speakers in Dili generally have only an emblematic command of the language.",bib4081,yes +9170-location-1,9170,location,"{""Places"": [""Sawu islands""], ""Description"": ""The Sawu island lie in the midway between Sumba and Kupang. They are in the official province of Nusa Tenggara Timur. Sawu island is 40 km long by 15 km wide. Rainjua is 11 km by 6 km. Seba is the largest town on the western coast of Sawu island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.463905, 121.879673]]}",,"Migrant Sawu communities exist in the Kupang region of West-Timor, Coastal regions of Sumba, Ende in Flores, Surabaya, and Jakarta",bib7697,no 9170-location-2,9170,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.55, 121.85]]}",,,bib75,no -9170-location-3,9170,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Sabu regency""]}",,,bib4061,yes -9170-speaker_number-1,9170,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7672,no -9170-speakers-1,9170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000 (as of 1982)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7672,no -9170-speaker_number-2,9170,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4061,yes -9170-speakers-2,9170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4061,yes +9170-location-3,9170,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Sabu regency""]}",,,bib4081,yes +9170-speaker_number-1,9170,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7697,no +9170-speakers-1,9170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000 (as of 1982)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7697,no +9170-speaker_number-2,9170,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib4081,yes +9170-speakers-2,9170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib4081,yes 9170-speaker_number-3,9170,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib67,no 9170-speakers-3,9170,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000 (1997). 15,000 to 25,000 outside of Sabu (Wurm and Hattori 1981)"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib67,no -9170-LEI-1,9170,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7672,no -9170-vitality-1,9170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7672,no +9170-LEI-1,9170,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7697,no +9170-vitality-1,9170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7697,no 9170-LEI-2,9170,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Hawu is primarily used only in the home and in contexts of traditional culture. It is not used for business, education, or travel. Hawu has complex phonetics, with implosives, phonetically long and short vowels, and lengthened consonants. All this makes the language hard to acquire for many children. -Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down.",bib4061,yes +Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down.",bib4081,yes 9170-vitality-2,9170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Hawu is primarily used only in the home and in contexts of traditional culture. It is not used for business, education, or travel. Hawu has complex phonetics, with implosives, phonetically long and short vowels, and lengthened consonants. All this makes the language hard to acquire for many children. -Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down.",bib4061,yes +Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down.",bib4081,yes 9170-LEI-3,9170,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9170-vitality-3,9170,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 9171-location-1,9171,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-10.22, 123.96]]}",,,bib75,no -9171-location-2,9171,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Amarasi Regency""], ""Description"": ""Rather than having a coherent language area, Amarasi is interspersed with Helong around southwestern tip of Timor."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.08, 124.33]]}",,,bib4061,yes -9171-speaker_number-1,9171,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4061,yes -9171-speakers-1,9171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4061,yes +9171-location-2,9171,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Amarasi Regency""], ""Description"": ""Rather than having a coherent language area, Amarasi is interspersed with Helong around southwestern tip of Timor."", ""Coordinates"": [[-10.08, 124.33]]}",,,bib4081,yes +9171-speaker_number-1,9171,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4081,yes +9171-speakers-1,9171,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""70,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4081,yes 9171-speakers-2,9171,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""60,000 (2001 C. Grimes)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""50,000 (Grimes, Therik, Grimes, Jacob 1997).""}",,,bib67,no 9171-LEI-1,9171,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Amarasi is decreasing dramatically; proximity to the city (Kupang) means that language attrition is proceeding quickly. Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down. For instance, all knowledge and vocabulary relating to making traditional round-houses has been lost within the last 40 years. -Amarasi is used in non-ritual contexts only.",bib4061,yes +Amarasi is used in non-ritual contexts only.",bib4081,yes 9171-vitality-1,9171,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Amarasi is decreasing dramatically; proximity to the city (Kupang) means that language attrition is proceeding quickly. Intergenerational transmission of specialized traditional knowledge and vocabulary is breaking down. For instance, all knowledge and vocabulary relating to making traditional round-houses has been lost within the last 40 years. -Amarasi is used in non-ritual contexts only.",bib4061,yes -921-context-1,921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran, Lezgian, Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Local schools, local newspapers""}",,"Literary experiments took place in the nineteenth century and again in recent years, and there is now one local newspaper in Agul. Until recently, Agul had no role in school curriculum but now it can be taught as a subject in local schools.",bib6474,yes +Amarasi is used in non-ritual contexts only.",bib4081,yes +921-context-1,921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran, Lezgian, Russian"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Local schools, local newspapers""}",,"Literary experiments took place in the nineteenth century and again in recent years, and there is now one local newspaper in Agul. Until recently, Agul had no role in school curriculum but now it can be taught as a subject in local schools.",bib6498,yes 921-context-2,921,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Lezgian""}",,,bib213,no -921-location-1,921,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: southern Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in fifteen villages in Agul County and five villages in Kurakh County, amongst them Richa, Burkikhan, Tpig, Kurag, Burshag, and Fite, in the Republic of Daghestan and in a number of expatriate communities elsewhere in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +921-location-1,921,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: southern Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in fifteen villages in Agul County and five villages in Kurakh County, amongst them Richa, Burkikhan, Tpig, Kurag, Burshag, and Fite, in the Republic of Daghestan and in a number of expatriate communities elsewhere in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 921-location-2,921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.75, 47.6666666667]]}",,,bib216,no 921-location-3,921,location,"{""Places"": [""Azerbaijan"", ""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -921-location-4,921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.7518, 47.6875]]}",,,bib5307,no +921-location-4,921,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[41.7518, 47.6875]]}",,,bib5330,no 921-location-5,921,location,"{""Description"": ""They inhabit a near inaccessible valley isolated from the rest of the world by four forbidding mountain chains (the Aguldere, Gushandere, Magudere, and Khyukdere).""}",,,bib213,no -921-speaker_number-1,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6474,yes -921-speakers-1,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6474,yes +921-speaker_number-1,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib6498,yes +921-speakers-1,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<18,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1989"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib6498,yes 921-speaker_number-2,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"There are 28,300 speakers in the Russian Federation (2002 Census).",bib67,no 921-speakers-2,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""28,332"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"There are 28,300 speakers in the Russian Federation (2002 Census).",bib67,no -921-speaker_number-3,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -921-speakers-3,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,399"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +921-speaker_number-3,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +921-speakers-3,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""29,399"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 921-speaker_number-4,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 921-speakers-4,921,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""17,405"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 921-speaker_number-5,921,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib213,no 921-speakers-5,921,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""18,740"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~17,780"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib213,no -921-LEI-1,921,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -921-domains_of_use-1,921,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -921-vitality-1,921,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes +921-LEI-1,921,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +921-domains_of_use-1,921,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +921-vitality-1,921,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,"Despite the relatively large number of speakers of all ages, there are reasons such as the presence of more dominant neighbouring languages, notably Dargwa, Lak, Tabasaran and Lezgian, as well as the increasing influence of Russian, for regarding the language as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes 921-LEI-2,921,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 921-vitality-2,921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -921-LEI-3,921,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -921-vitality-3,921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +921-LEI-3,921,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +921-vitality-3,921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 921-LEI-4,921,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 921-vitality-4,921,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 921-LEI-5,921,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 921-domains_of_use-5,921,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib213,no 921-speaker_number_trends-5,921,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib213,no 921-vitality-5,921,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib213,no -9229-context-1,9229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish""}",,"Author's three consultants used Kurdish for normal conversation, and hadn't used the language in years.",bib3844,no -9229-location-1,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Was spoken in two villages in Diyarbakir province. The population was wiped out due to ethnocide. The few individuals who had escaped the massacres have since died.""}",,,bib3847,yes +9229-context-1,9229,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish""}",,"Author's three consultants used Kurdish for normal conversation, and hadn't used the language in years.",bib3863,no +9229-location-1,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""Was spoken in two villages in Diyarbakir province. The population was wiped out due to ethnocide. The few individuals who had escaped the massacres have since died.""}",,,bib3866,yes 9229-location-2,9229,location,"{""Description"": ""Qamishli town. Originally in Mlahs\u00f3 and \u2019Ansha villages, Diyarbakir Province, Turkey.""}",,,bib67,no -9229-location-3,9229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.27, 40.39]]}",,,bib3725,no -9229-location-4,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""In the vicinity of Diyarbakir""}",,,bib6168,no -9229-location-5,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Syria""], ""Description"": ""The name Mlahso comes from a villiage which is now called Y\u00fcnl\u00fcce, 15km northeast of Lice in the north of Diyarbak\u0131r province.""}",,,bib3844,no +9229-location-3,9229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[38.27, 40.39]]}",,,bib3744,no +9229-location-4,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey""], ""Description"": ""In the vicinity of Diyarbakir""}",,,bib6192,no +9229-location-5,9229,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Syria""], ""Description"": ""The name Mlahso comes from a villiage which is now called Y\u00fcnl\u00fcce, 15km northeast of Lice in the north of Diyarbak\u0131r province.""}",,,bib3863,no 9229-location-6,9229,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[37.03, 41.22]]}",,,bib75,no -9229-speakers-1,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib3847,yes +9229-speakers-1,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib3866,yes 9229-speakers-2,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1999"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""0""}",,"The last speaker died in 1998. His daughter knows Mlahsö well, but is nearly deaf and has no one to speak it to (1999). Mlahsö was still spoken by a handful of people during the 1970s.",bib67,no -9229-speaker_number-3,9229,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Virtually extinct,bib6168,no -9229-speakers-3,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Virtually extinct,bib6168,no -9229-speakers-4,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 (in 1989)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969, 1989"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,Author believed his informant to be the last speaker. This speaker's sister had passive knowledge of the language.,bib3844,no -9229-LEI-1,9229,LEI,Dormant,,,bib3847,yes -9229-vitality-1,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3847,yes +9229-speaker_number-3,9229,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,Virtually extinct,bib6192,no +9229-speakers-3,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,Virtually extinct,bib6192,no +9229-speakers-4,9229,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1 (in 1989)"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1969, 1989"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,Author believed his informant to be the last speaker. This speaker's sister had passive knowledge of the language.,bib3863,no +9229-LEI-1,9229,LEI,Dormant,,,bib3866,yes +9229-vitality-1,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib3866,yes 9229-LEI-2,9229,LEI,Dormant,,,bib67,no 9229-vitality-2,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib67,no -9229-LEI-3,9229,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6168,no -9229-vitality-3,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6168,no -9229-LEI-4,9229,LEI,Dormant,,Speakers were victims of genocide,bib3844,no -9229-vitality-4,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Speakers were victims of genocide,bib3844,no +9229-LEI-3,9229,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6192,no +9229-vitality-3,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib6192,no +9229-LEI-4,9229,LEI,Dormant,,Speakers were victims of genocide,bib3863,no +9229-vitality-4,9229,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,Speakers were victims of genocide,bib3863,no 9249-context-1,9249,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iranian Persian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""most""}",,,bib68,yes 9249-location-1,9249,location,"{""Places"": [""Semnan Province, Sorkheh, southwest of Semnan.""]}",,,bib68,yes -9249-location-2,9249,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.382613, 48.401909]]}",,,bib1125,no +9249-location-2,9249,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Coordinates"": [[32.382613, 48.401909]]}",,,bib1134,no 9249-location-3,9249,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.46, 53.22]]}",,,bib75,no 9249-speaker_number-1,9249,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Data for number of speakers comes from 2006 census.,bib68,yes 9249-speakers-1,9249,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Data for number of speakers comes from 2006 census.,bib68,yes @@ -65159,364 +65363,364 @@ Amarasi is used in non-ritual contexts only.",bib4061,yes 9250-speakers-1,9250,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""No estimate available""}",,,bib69,yes 9251-context-1,9251,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iranian Persian"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Generally positive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib68,yes 9251-location-1,9251,location,"{""Places"": [""Semnan Province. Shahmirzadi dialect: Shamirzad north of Mehdi""]}",,,bib68,yes -9251-location-2,9251,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""The center of Sangesari is Sangesar itself [now called Mehdishahr] and the neighboring villages of Ziya\u0302rat (1 km north), Ta\u0302leba\u0302ba\u0302d (1 km south), and Dargazin (9 km south)"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.709517, 53.354588]]}",,,bib7856,no +9251-location-2,9251,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""The center of Sangesari is Sangesar itself [now called Mehdishahr] and the neighboring villages of Ziya\u0302rat (1 km north), Ta\u0302leba\u0302ba\u0302d (1 km south), and Dargazin (9 km south)"", ""Coordinates"": [[35.709517, 53.354588]]}",,,bib7881,no 9251-location-3,9251,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[35.72, 53.3]]}",,,bib75,no 9251-speaker_number-1,9251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Number of speakers is from 2006 census.,bib68,yes 9251-speakers-1,9251,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""36,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Number of speakers is from 2006 census.,bib68,yes -9251-speaker_number-2,9251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7856,no -9251-speakers-2,9251,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7856,no +9251-speaker_number-2,9251,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib7881,no +9251-speakers-2,9251,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib7881,no 9251-LEI-1,9251,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ethnologue 17 (2013) lists the vitality of Sangisari as 6a (vigorous).,bib68,yes 9251-transmission-1,9251,transmission,0,transmission-0,Ethnologue 17 (2013) lists the vitality of Sangisari as 6a (vigorous).,bib68,yes 9251-vitality-1,9251,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,Ethnologue 17 (2013) lists the vitality of Sangisari as 6a (vigorous).,bib68,yes -9251-LEI-2,9251,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7856,no -9251-vitality-2,9251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7856,no -9289-context-1,9289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Koine"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib5626,no -9289-location-1,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""district of Urmia"", ""Iran""]}",,,bib5626,no -9289-location-2,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""The dialect of Sarda:rid is only spoken in exile (places which are not the homeland of the language), like many other Neo-Aramaic dialects that formerly had a much wider distribution in the Middle East.""}",,,bib7994,no -9289-location-3,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""diaspora communities in Lebanon and throughout the West""], ""Description"": ""Urmia, Sopurghan, Naqadeh/Solduz, and Sardrud"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.3319, 45.0421]]}",,,bib3727,yes -9289-location-4,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Iran""]}",,,bib4380,no +9251-LEI-2,9251,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7881,no +9251-vitality-2,9251,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7881,no +9289-context-1,9289,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Koine"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""many""}",,,bib5650,no +9289-location-1,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""district of Urmia"", ""Iran""]}",,,bib5650,no +9289-location-2,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran""], ""Description"": ""The dialect of Sarda:rid is only spoken in exile (places which are not the homeland of the language), like many other Neo-Aramaic dialects that formerly had a much wider distribution in the Middle East.""}",,,bib8019,no +9289-location-3,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran"", ""diaspora communities in Lebanon and throughout the West""], ""Description"": ""Urmia, Sopurghan, Naqadeh/Solduz, and Sardrud"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.3319, 45.0421]]}",,,bib3746,yes +9289-location-4,9289,location,"{""Places"": [""Northwestern Iran""]}",,,bib4401,no 9289-speaker_number-1,9289,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"""According to the census of 1390/2012, Urmia has 667,499 residents (""1.7% Assyrian""), Sopurghan has 243 residents (an Assyrian village), Solduz has 550,750 (of whom none are apparently Assyrian or Jewish), and Sardrud, today a suburb of Tabriz, has over 35,000K, albeit no information about the Assyrian population (according to one source, fewer than 0.6% of the 1,494,998 inhabitants (census of 1390/2012) of Tabriz are non-Azeri or Persian). That gives a maximum threshold of about 11,347 (Urmia) + 243 (Sopurghan) + 8,970 (Tabriz area) = ca. 20,560 speakers in and around Urmia."" -Speaker number does not include speakers of the Iraqi Koine (based on the Urmian standard) spoken in diaspora communities.",bib3727,yes +Speaker number does not include speakers of the Iraqi Koine (based on the Urmian standard) spoken in diaspora communities.",bib3746,yes 9289-speakers-1,9289,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""< 20,560"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"""According to the census of 1390/2012, Urmia has 667,499 residents (""1.7% Assyrian""), Sopurghan has 243 residents (an Assyrian village), Solduz has 550,750 (of whom none are apparently Assyrian or Jewish), and Sardrud, today a suburb of Tabriz, has over 35,000K, albeit no information about the Assyrian population (according to one source, fewer than 0.6% of the 1,494,998 inhabitants (census of 1390/2012) of Tabriz are non-Azeri or Persian). That gives a maximum threshold of about 11,347 (Urmia) + 243 (Sopurghan) + 8,970 (Tabriz area) = ca. 20,560 speakers in and around Urmia."" -Speaker number does not include speakers of the Iraqi Koine (based on the Urmian standard) spoken in diaspora communities.",bib3727,yes -9289-LEI-2,9289,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3727,yes -9289-vitality-2,9289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3727,yes -9290-context-1,9290,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, Arabic, other Jewish Neo-Aramaic varieties""}",,,bib5405,yes -9290-location-1,9290,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.55, 44.2]]}",,,bib3725,no -9290-speaker_number-1,9290,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5405,yes -9290-speakers-1,9290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20 for Barzani dialect"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5405,yes -9290-LEI-1,9290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5405,yes -9290-transmission-1,9290,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5405,yes -9290-vitality-1,9290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5405,yes -9309-location-1,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Turkey"", ""diaspora communities in Iraq, Syria, and throughout the West""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.3834, 43.4721], [36.39, 40.22]]}",,,bib3726,yes -9309-location-2,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Southeastern Turkey"", ""town of Hakkari""], ""Description"": ""The population dislocated multiple times due to conflict, to Urmi, then to Iraq, then some to the Kkabur valley in Syria."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.24, 43.58]]}",,,bib2712,no -9309-location-3,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Syria""], ""Description"": ""The population was displaced several times. The League of Nations settled around 10,000 Assyrians on the Khabur River in Syria from 1933 to 1937 in a total of 34 villages.""}",,,bib7180,no -9309-speaker_number-1,9309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The dialects are strongest in the Khabur panhandle, and Talay (2008, p. 19) gives a total of 20,000 in Syria, but that's divided between Northern and Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic.",bib3726,yes -9309-speakers-1,9309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The dialects are strongest in the Khabur panhandle, and Talay (2008, p. 19) gives a total of 20,000 in Syria, but that's divided between Northern and Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic.",bib3726,yes -9309-LEI-1,9309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are either shifting to the koine or the languages of their host countries.,bib3726,yes -9309-vitality-1,9309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers are either shifting to the koine or the languages of their host countries.,bib3726,yes -9329-location-1,9329,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Iraq"", ""Syria""], ""Description"": ""Turkey; diaspora communities in Iraq, Syria, and throughout the West"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.2229, 44.67], [36.39, 40.22]]}",,,bib3725,no -9329-location-2,9329,location,"{""Places"": [""Syria""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Syria. The population was displaced several times. The League of Nations settled around 10,000 Assyrians on the Khabur River in Syria from 1933 to 1937 in a total of 34 villages.""}",,,bib7180,yes -9329-LEI-1,9329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7180,yes -9329-domains_of_use-1,9329,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7180,yes -9329-vitality-1,9329,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7180,yes -9330-context-1,9330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib4380,no +Speaker number does not include speakers of the Iraqi Koine (based on the Urmian standard) spoken in diaspora communities.",bib3746,yes +9289-LEI-2,9289,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3746,yes +9289-vitality-2,9289,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3746,yes +9290-context-1,9290,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Kurdish, Arabic, other Jewish Neo-Aramaic varieties""}",,,bib5428,yes +9290-location-1,9290,location,"{""Places"": [""Israel""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.55, 44.2]]}",,,bib3744,no +9290-speaker_number-1,9290,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,,bib5428,yes +9290-speakers-1,9290,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<20 for Barzani dialect"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99""}",,,bib5428,yes +9290-LEI-1,9290,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5428,yes +9290-transmission-1,9290,transmission,5,transmission-5,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5428,yes +9290-vitality-1,9290,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The Barzani dialect in 2003 had no more than 20 speakers, all in their 70s and 80s.",bib5428,yes +9309-location-1,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Iran, Turkey"", ""diaspora communities in Iraq, Syria, and throughout the West""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.3834, 43.4721], [36.39, 40.22]]}",,,bib3745,yes +9309-location-2,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Southeastern Turkey"", ""town of Hakkari""], ""Description"": ""The population dislocated multiple times due to conflict, to Urmi, then to Iraq, then some to the Kkabur valley in Syria."", ""Coordinates"": [[37.24, 43.58]]}",,,bib2726,no +9309-location-3,9309,location,"{""Places"": [""Northeastern Syria""], ""Description"": ""The population was displaced several times. The League of Nations settled around 10,000 Assyrians on the Khabur River in Syria from 1933 to 1937 in a total of 34 villages.""}",,,bib7204,no +9309-speaker_number-1,9309,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The dialects are strongest in the Khabur panhandle, and Talay (2008, p. 19) gives a total of 20,000 in Syria, but that's divided between Northern and Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic.",bib3745,yes +9309-speakers-1,9309,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The dialects are strongest in the Khabur panhandle, and Talay (2008, p. 19) gives a total of 20,000 in Syria, but that's divided between Northern and Aširat Northeastern Neo-Aramaic.",bib3745,yes +9309-LEI-1,9309,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are either shifting to the koine or the languages of their host countries.,bib3745,yes +9309-vitality-1,9309,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Speakers are either shifting to the koine or the languages of their host countries.,bib3745,yes +9329-location-1,9329,location,"{""Places"": [""Turkey"", ""Iraq"", ""Syria""], ""Description"": ""Turkey; diaspora communities in Iraq, Syria, and throughout the West"", ""Coordinates"": [[37.2229, 44.67], [36.39, 40.22]]}",,,bib3744,no +9329-location-2,9329,location,"{""Places"": [""Syria""], ""Description"": ""Northeastern Syria. The population was displaced several times. The League of Nations settled around 10,000 Assyrians on the Khabur River in Syria from 1933 to 1937 in a total of 34 villages.""}",,,bib7204,yes +9329-LEI-1,9329,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7204,yes +9329-domains_of_use-1,9329,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7204,yes +9329-vitality-1,9329,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,It is still spoken in the home.,bib7204,yes +9330-context-1,9330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic""}",,,bib4401,no 9330-context-2,9330,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Arabic"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"Many of the Aramaic dialects of the communities on the Moqul plain are in a precarious situation since they are rapidly becoming overwhelmed by Arabic. -There is a considerable influence of Arabic on the Neo-Aramaic dialect that is heard spoken nowadays. Most people introduce Arabic words and phrases into their Aramaic speech without any adaptation to Aramaic morphology. A policy of arabicization has been pursued among among the minority communities in Iraq in recent decades. Following government requirements, the school education of children over the last generation has been only in Arabic. Although the dialect has clearly been exposed to the influence of Arabic over many generations, this influence has never been so overwhelming as it is at present.",bib4131,yes -9330-location-1,9330,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.7, 43.2]]}",,discusses the dialect of the town of Aradhin most completely.,bib4380,no -9330-location-2,9330,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Syria, Georgia, United States""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.34, 43.13]]}",,,bib3725,no -9330-location-3,9330,location,"{""Description"": ""Qaraqosh is a small town that lies on the plain about eighteen miles east of Mosul. Almost all inhabitants are Christian. \nIn the 20th century a large number of people left the town to settle in the Iraqi cities in order to seek higher education and employment. In recent years, the deteriorating economic and political situation has led many inhabitants of Qaraqosh to emigrate abroad, mainly to North American, England and Australia. This trend increased dramatically after the Gulf War in 1991.""}",,,bib4131,yes -9330-speakers-1,9330,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1959""}",,,bib4380,no -9330-LEI-1,9330,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4131,yes -9330-speaker_number_trends-1,9330,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4131,yes -9330-vitality-1,9330,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4131,yes +There is a considerable influence of Arabic on the Neo-Aramaic dialect that is heard spoken nowadays. Most people introduce Arabic words and phrases into their Aramaic speech without any adaptation to Aramaic morphology. A policy of arabicization has been pursued among among the minority communities in Iraq in recent decades. Following government requirements, the school education of children over the last generation has been only in Arabic. Although the dialect has clearly been exposed to the influence of Arabic over many generations, this influence has never been so overwhelming as it is at present.",bib4151,yes +9330-location-1,9330,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraqi Kurdistan""], ""Coordinates"": [[37.7, 43.2]]}",,discusses the dialect of the town of Aradhin most completely.,bib4401,no +9330-location-2,9330,location,"{""Places"": [""Iraq, Syria, Georgia, United States""], ""Coordinates"": [[36.34, 43.13]]}",,,bib3744,no +9330-location-3,9330,location,"{""Description"": ""Qaraqosh is a small town that lies on the plain about eighteen miles east of Mosul. Almost all inhabitants are Christian. \nIn the 20th century a large number of people left the town to settle in the Iraqi cities in order to seek higher education and employment. In recent years, the deteriorating economic and political situation has led many inhabitants of Qaraqosh to emigrate abroad, mainly to North American, England and Australia. This trend increased dramatically after the Gulf War in 1991.""}",,,bib4151,yes +9330-speakers-1,9330,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1959""}",,,bib4401,no +9330-LEI-1,9330,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4151,yes +9330-speaker_number_trends-1,9330,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4151,yes +9330-vitality-1,9330,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.",bib4151,yes 9389-context-1,9389,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Church, writing""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Afrikaans, English, Herero, Naro, Kgalagari, Tswana, Nama, !X\u00f3\u00f5,"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Bible translation""}",,"""Since the late 1970's some parts of the Bible have been translated into ≠Kx'au//'ein through the Bible Society of Namibia."" -""Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. However, people often indicated that they spoke other languages more fluently than Tswana. This was especially true for speakers of ≠Kx'au//'ein, many of whom said they speak Naro better than Tswana",bib3357,yes -9389-location-1,9389,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.238182, 21.64135]]}",,,bib3357,yes +""Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. However, people often indicated that they spoke other languages more fluently than Tswana. This was especially true for speakers of ≠Kx'au//'ein, many of whom said they speak Naro better than Tswana",bib3374,yes +9389-location-1,9389,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana, Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ghanzi, Northwest, Botswana; Namibia"", ""Coordinates"": [[-21.238182, 21.64135]]}",,,bib3374,yes 9389-location-2,9389,location,"{""Places"": [""Botswana"", ""Namibia""], ""Description"": ""Ovamboland Territory, Ekoka. Also in Botswana."", ""Coordinates"": [[-17.683, 17.4]]}",,,bib67,no -9389-speaker_number-1,9389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated 2,318-2,832 in northern Ghanzi District, Botswana",bib3357,yes -9389-speakers-1,9389,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated 2,318-2,832 in northern Ghanzi District, Botswana",bib3357,yes +9389-speaker_number-1,9389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Estimated 2,318-2,832 in northern Ghanzi District, Botswana",bib3374,yes +9389-speakers-1,9389,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Estimated 2,318-2,832 in northern Ghanzi District, Botswana",bib3374,yes 9389-speaker_number-2,9389,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"4,000 in Namibia (2006)",bib67,no 9389-speakers-2,9389,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"4,000 in Namibia (2006)",bib67,no -9389-LEI-1,9389,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3357,yes -9389-domains_of_use-1,9389,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3357,yes -9389-vitality-1,9389,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3357,yes +9389-LEI-1,9389,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3374,yes +9389-domains_of_use-1,9389,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,,bib3374,yes +9389-vitality-1,9389,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib3374,yes 9389-LEI-2,9389,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9389-vitality-2,9389,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -9409-context-1,9409,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Alor Malay, Teiwa"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"Religion plays a significant role in the social and linguistic dynamics of the region. With the exception of Air Panas, the people of Balungada are Christian, and most residents are of Klamu descent. In contrast the people of Baulang and the Air Panas are Islamic and contain significant populations of Austronesian-speakers who have migrated from Baranusa. The language thus appears to be more viable in Balungada.",bib3617,yes +9409-context-1,9409,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Alor Malay, Teiwa"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"Religion plays a significant role in the social and linguistic dynamics of the region. With the exception of Air Panas, the people of Balungada are Christian, and most residents are of Klamu descent. In contrast the people of Baulang and the Air Panas are Islamic and contain significant populations of Austronesian-speakers who have migrated from Baranusa. The language thus appears to be more viable in Balungada.",bib3636,yes 9409-location-1,9409,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""East Nusa Tenggara Province. North central Pantar island, south, southwest of Kabir town.""}",,,bib68,no -9409-location-2,9409,location,"{""Places"": [""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the island of Pantar in the Indonesian province of Nusa Tenggara Timur"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.275, 124.202]]}",,"The Nedebang language is spoken today primarily in three locations: Balungada , Air Panas, and Baulang. Air Panas is administratively a part of the village of Balungada but is separated by approximately 1 km from Balungada proper. Balungada is located approximately 3.5 km south of the district capital of Kabir, accessible by paved road. Baulung is located a further two hours walk along a trail from Balungada across a high ridge. This trail can reportedly be traversed by a (rugged) motorbike.",bib3617,yes +9409-location-2,9409,location,"{""Places"": [""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""the island of Pantar in the Indonesian province of Nusa Tenggara Timur"", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.275, 124.202]]}",,"The Nedebang language is spoken today primarily in three locations: Balungada , Air Panas, and Baulang. Air Panas is administratively a part of the village of Balungada but is separated by approximately 1 km from Balungada proper. Balungada is located approximately 3.5 km south of the district capital of Kabir, accessible by paved road. Baulung is located a further two hours walk along a trail from Balungada across a high ridge. This trail can reportedly be traversed by a (rugged) motorbike.",bib3636,yes 9409-speaker_number-1,9409,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 9409-speakers-1,9409,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no -9409-speaker_number-2,9409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3617,yes -9409-speakers-2,9409,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""approximately 500 in Balungada"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3617,yes +9409-speaker_number-2,9409,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3636,yes +9409-speakers-2,9409,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""approximately 500 in Balungada"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2004"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3636,yes 9409-LEI-1,9409,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 9409-vitality-1,9409,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -9409-LEI-2,9409,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3617,yes -9409-transmission-2,9409,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3617,yes -9409-domains_of_use-2,9409,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3617,yes -9409-speaker_number_trends-2,9409,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3617,yes -9409-vitality-2,9409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3617,yes -941-context-1,941,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6474,yes +9409-LEI-2,9409,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3636,yes +9409-transmission-2,9409,transmission,4,transmission-4,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3636,yes +9409-domains_of_use-2,9409,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3636,yes +9409-speaker_number_trends-2,9409,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3636,yes +9409-vitality-2,9409,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"""The age of the youngest fluent speakers is approximately 40... The language is not used on a daily basis in households, and with the rare exception school-age children have no knowledge of even basic phrases."" (As of 2004, the age of the youngest fluent speakers was around 50)",bib3636,yes +941-context-1,941,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar""}",,,bib6498,yes 941-context-2,941,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -941-location-1,941,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in six villages in Akhvakh County and in the villages of Ratlub, Tlyanub and Tsegob in Kakhib County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation, as well as in the expatriate community of Akhvakh-dere in Kuba (Quba) County in Azerbaijan.""}",,,bib6474,yes +941-location-1,941,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in six villages in Akhvakh County and in the villages of Ratlub, Tlyanub and Tsegob in Kakhib County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation, as well as in the expatriate community of Akhvakh-dere in Kuba (Quba) County in Azerbaijan.""}",,,bib6498,yes 941-location-2,941,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.3333333333, 46.3333333333]]}",,,bib216,no 941-location-3,941,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -941-location-4,941,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.472, 46.3238]]}",,,bib5307,no -941-speaker_number-1,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6474,yes -941-speakers-1,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6474,yes +941-location-4,941,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.472, 46.3238]]}",,,bib5330,no +941-speaker_number-1,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6498,yes +941-speakers-1,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6498,yes 941-speaker_number-2,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no 941-speakers-2,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from Koryakov (2006).,bib67,no -941-speaker_number-3,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -941-speakers-3,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,793"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +941-speaker_number-3,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +941-speakers-3,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,793"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 941-speaker_number-4,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 941-speakers-4,941,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 941-speaker_number-5,941,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 941-speakers-5,941,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""5,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""5,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1967"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -941-LEI-1,941,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -941-transmission-1,941,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes -941-vitality-1,941,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6474,yes +941-LEI-1,941,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +941-transmission-1,941,transmission,1,transmission-1,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes +941-vitality-1,941,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There may be up to 5,000 speakers, including many children, but because of the small size of the community and the dominant position of Avar, the language must be regarded as definitely endangered.",bib6498,yes 941-LEI-2,941,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 941-vitality-2,941,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -941-LEI-3,941,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -941-vitality-3,941,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +941-LEI-3,941,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +941-vitality-3,941,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 941-LEI-4,941,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 941-vitality-4,941,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 941-LEI-5,941,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 941-vitality-5,941,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -942-context-1,942,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7817,no -942-location-1,942,location,"{""Places"": [""Kola Peninsula, Lovorenzo""]}",,,bib5308,no -942-location-2,942,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Mainland near the Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[67.77447, 32.126267]]}",,,bib7817,no -942-location-3,942,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.5809, 31.668]]}",,,bib5307,no +942-context-1,942,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,,bib7842,no +942-location-1,942,location,"{""Places"": [""Kola Peninsula, Lovorenzo""]}",,,bib5331,no +942-location-2,942,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia, Murmansk oblast""], ""Description"": ""Mainland near the Kola peninsula"", ""Coordinates"": [[67.77447, 32.126267]]}",,,bib7842,no +942-location-3,942,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[67.5809, 31.668]]}",,,bib5330,no 942-location-4,942,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Murmanskaya Oblast\u2019: southwest Kola peninsula.""}",,,bib69,no -942-speaker_number-1,942,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Rantala (2009) reports that the last Akkala Sami speaker died in 2003. Nevertheless, my investigations show that there is at least one person aged 70 years with good knowledge of Akkala Sami and using Akkala Sami actively in conversations with active Kildin Sami speakers. In addition to that I estimate that there are several persons with passive knowledge of Akkala Sami on different levels...There is a group of middle-aged Akkala Sami in Ëna who are learning Kildin Sami as an 'intermediate language', hoping to switch to Akkala Sami more easily after they have acquired a good knowledge of Kildin Sami.",bib6594,yes -942-speakers-1,942,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several""}",,"Rantala (2009) reports that the last Akkala Sami speaker died in 2003. Nevertheless, my investigations show that there is at least one person aged 70 years with good knowledge of Akkala Sami and using Akkala Sami actively in conversations with active Kildin Sami speakers. In addition to that I estimate that there are several persons with passive knowledge of Akkala Sami on different levels...There is a group of middle-aged Akkala Sami in Ëna who are learning Kildin Sami as an 'intermediate language', hoping to switch to Akkala Sami more easily after they have acquired a good knowledge of Kildin Sami.",bib6594,yes -942-speaker_number-2,942,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There were eight speakers in the early 1990s, all elderly, and according to a recent report, now only one speaker is known to be living.",bib5308,no -942-speakers-2,942,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"There were eight speakers in the early 1990s, all elderly, and according to a recent report, now only one speaker is known to be living.",bib5308,no -942-speakers-3,942,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"According to information from different Saami and non-Saami individuals, the last speaker of Akkala passed away in 2003.",bib7817,no +942-speaker_number-1,942,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"Rantala (2009) reports that the last Akkala Sami speaker died in 2003. Nevertheless, my investigations show that there is at least one person aged 70 years with good knowledge of Akkala Sami and using Akkala Sami actively in conversations with active Kildin Sami speakers. In addition to that I estimate that there are several persons with passive knowledge of Akkala Sami on different levels...There is a group of middle-aged Akkala Sami in Ëna who are learning Kildin Sami as an 'intermediate language', hoping to switch to Akkala Sami more easily after they have acquired a good knowledge of Kildin Sami.",bib6618,yes +942-speakers-1,942,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""80"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Several""}",,"Rantala (2009) reports that the last Akkala Sami speaker died in 2003. Nevertheless, my investigations show that there is at least one person aged 70 years with good knowledge of Akkala Sami and using Akkala Sami actively in conversations with active Kildin Sami speakers. In addition to that I estimate that there are several persons with passive knowledge of Akkala Sami on different levels...There is a group of middle-aged Akkala Sami in Ëna who are learning Kildin Sami as an 'intermediate language', hoping to switch to Akkala Sami more easily after they have acquired a good knowledge of Kildin Sami.",bib6618,yes +942-speaker_number-2,942,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,"There were eight speakers in the early 1990s, all elderly, and according to a recent report, now only one speaker is known to be living.",bib5331,no +942-speakers-2,942,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9"", ""Elders"": ""1""}",,"There were eight speakers in the early 1990s, all elderly, and according to a recent report, now only one speaker is known to be living.",bib5331,no +942-speakers-3,942,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,"According to information from different Saami and non-Saami individuals, the last speaker of Akkala passed away in 2003.",bib7842,no 942-speaker_number-4,942,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib233,no 942-speakers-4,942,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""8"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib233,no 942-speakers-5,942,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""100"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""0"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995""}",,"""Last known speaker died in 2003."" Ethnic population figures from (1995 M. Krauss).",bib69,no -942-LEI-1,942,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6594,yes -942-transmission-1,942,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6594,yes -942-vitality-1,942,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6594,yes -942-LEI-2,942,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,no -942-transmission-2,942,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5308,no -942-speaker_number_trends-2,942,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5308,no -942-vitality-2,942,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5308,no -942-LEI-3,942,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7817,no -942-vitality-3,942,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7817,no +942-LEI-1,942,LEI,"Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6618,yes +942-transmission-1,942,transmission,5,transmission-5,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6618,yes +942-vitality-1,942,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In 2010 the Akkala Sami in Ëna established an office that functions as a language centre and where language courses and other language revitalisation measures are taking place. Today there is no teaching of Akkala Sami, but there is an Akkala Sami grammar (Zajkov 1987) and there are audio recordings of Akkala Sami collected by the Russian Academy of Science in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s (AA KRC 2010) that could be used to revitalise the language.",bib6618,yes +942-LEI-2,942,LEI,"Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,no +942-transmission-2,942,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib5331,no +942-speaker_number_trends-2,942,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib5331,no +942-vitality-2,942,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5331,no +942-LEI-3,942,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib7842,no +942-vitality-3,942,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib7842,no 942-LEI-4,942,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 942-vitality-4,942,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 942-LEI-5,942,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib69,no 942-vitality-5,942,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib69,no -9429-context-1,9429,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian in education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Kaera and Indonesian are both used in church, mostly depending on who is conducting the service: if it is a Kaera speaker, most of the service will be in Kaera; if it is a speaker from another language, it will be in Indonesian. Kaera is not allowed in school, Indonesian being the language of education.",bib4213,yes -9429-location-1,9429,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Eastern coast of Pantar Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.367769, 124.239471]]}",,,bib4215,no -9429-location-2,9429,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Kaera speakers currently live in the following villages: Abang Iwang (~1,500 [speakers]), Padangsul and Bibit Gomi (~2000), Matgomi/Weniwa (~50), and Tamal Abang (~2000)... The Kaera speaking region borders with Blagar to the north and south, and with Teiwa to the west."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.310756, 124.031491]]}",,,bib4213,yes -9429-speaker_number-1,9429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4215,no -9429-speakers-1,9429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4215,no -9429-speaker_number-2,9429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4213,yes -9429-speakers-2,9429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4213,yes -9429-LEI-1,9429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4215,no -9429-vitality-1,9429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4215,no -9429-LEI-2,9429,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4213,yes -9429-transmission-2,9429,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4213,yes -9429-vitality-2,9429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4213,yes -943-context-1,943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib5308,no -943-location-1,943,location,"{""Places"": [""South-east Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of\nSevernyy at the station of Ulan-Khol in Lagan\u2019 County in the Kalmyk Republic in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +9429-context-1,9429,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Indonesian in education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian""}",,"Kaera and Indonesian are both used in church, mostly depending on who is conducting the service: if it is a Kaera speaker, most of the service will be in Kaera; if it is a speaker from another language, it will be in Indonesian. Kaera is not allowed in school, Indonesian being the language of education.",bib4233,yes +9429-location-1,9429,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken on the Eastern coast of Pantar Island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.367769, 124.239471]]}",,,bib4235,no +9429-location-2,9429,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Kaera speakers currently live in the following villages: Abang Iwang (~1,500 [speakers]), Padangsul and Bibit Gomi (~2000), Matgomi/Weniwa (~50), and Tamal Abang (~2000)... The Kaera speaking region borders with Blagar to the north and south, and with Teiwa to the west."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.310756, 124.031491]]}",,,bib4233,yes +9429-speaker_number-1,9429,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4235,no +9429-speakers-1,9429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005-2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4235,no +9429-speaker_number-2,9429,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib4233,yes +9429-speakers-2,9429,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~5,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib4233,yes +9429-LEI-1,9429,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib4235,no +9429-vitality-1,9429,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib4235,no +9429-LEI-2,9429,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4233,yes +9429-transmission-2,9429,transmission,0,transmission-0,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4233,yes +9429-vitality-2,9429,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,The language appeared to be relatively vigorous when I visited Abangiwang in 2007. Many of the children playing outside were using Kaera amongst themselves,bib4233,yes +943-context-1,943,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian""}",,,bib5331,no +943-location-1,943,location,"{""Places"": [""South-east Russia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the village of\nSevernyy at the station of Ulan-Khol in Lagan\u2019 County in the Kalmyk Republic in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 943-location-2,943,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.59, 46.66]]}",,,bib75,no -943-location-3,943,location,"{""Places"": [""south-eastern Russia, village of Severnyy in Lagan' County""]}",,,bib5308,no -943-speaker_number-1,943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6474,yes -943-speakers-1,943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6474,yes -943-speaker_number-2,943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5308,no -943-speakers-2,943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5308,no -943-LEI-1,943,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -943-transmission-1,943,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -943-domains_of_use-1,943,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6474,yes -943-speaker_number_trends-1,943,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6474,yes -943-vitality-1,943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6474,yes -943-LEI-2,943,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,no -943-vitality-2,943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5308,no -944-context-1,944,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian, Logudorese Sardinian""}",,,bib5308,yes -944-location-1,944,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.564318, 8.328667]]}",,,bib5307,no -944-location-2,944,location,"{""Places"": [""Alghero""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Sardinia""}",,,bib5308,yes -944-speaker_number-1,944,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5308,yes -944-speakers-1,944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5308,yes -944-LEI-1,944,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -944-transmission-1,944,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5308,yes -944-vitality-1,944,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,yes -9449-context-1,9449,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Alor Malay, Indonesia""}",,,bib4278,yes -9449-context-2,9449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Standard Indonesian, Local Malay dialects, Alorese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Indonesian, Many also speak Alorese""}",,,bib3615,no +943-location-3,943,location,"{""Places"": [""south-eastern Russia, village of Severnyy in Lagan' County""]}",,,bib5331,no +943-speaker_number-1,943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib6498,yes +943-speakers-1,943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""~400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib6498,yes +943-speaker_number-2,943,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5331,no +943-speakers-2,943,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""400"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1987"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5331,no +943-LEI-1,943,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +943-transmission-1,943,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +943-domains_of_use-1,943,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,,bib6498,yes +943-speaker_number_trends-1,943,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,,bib6498,yes +943-vitality-1,943,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6498,yes +943-LEI-2,943,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,no +943-vitality-2,943,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5331,no +944-context-1,944,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian, Logudorese Sardinian""}",,,bib5331,yes +944-location-1,944,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.564318, 8.328667]]}",,,bib5330,no +944-location-2,944,location,"{""Places"": [""Alghero""], ""Description"": ""northwestern Sardinia""}",,,bib5331,yes +944-speaker_number-1,944,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5331,yes +944-speakers-1,944,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""20,000-30,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5331,yes +944-LEI-1,944,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +944-transmission-1,944,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5331,yes +944-vitality-1,944,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,yes +9449-context-1,9449,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""school church""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Alor Malay, Indonesia""}",,,bib4298,yes +9449-context-2,9449,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Standard Indonesian, Local Malay dialects, Alorese"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Indonesian, Many also speak Alorese""}",,,bib3634,no 9449-location-1,9449,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Province, west Pantar island.""}",,,bib68,no -9449-location-2,9449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.53, 124.06]]}",,,bib5307,no -9449-location-3,9449,location,"{""Places"": [""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.450514, 124.054522]]}",,"Tubbe dialect is spoken in Puntaru and Air Panas; Mauta dialect inAlimake, Lauki, Kapas, Ekajaya, Kolihabbang, Alikallang, Air Mama, and Beang; Lamma dialect in Latuna, Allung, Beangongo, Tulai, Nadda, Kayang, Wolu, Moba’a, and Boloang.",bib4278,yes -9449-location-4,9449,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western part of Pantar island, part of the Alor archipelago."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.4, 124.05]]}",,The community is relatively isolated. Many villages do not haveelectricity and thus have very limited access to mass media.,bib3615,no +9449-location-2,9449,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.53, 124.06]]}",,,bib5330,no +9449-location-3,9449,location,"{""Places"": [""Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.450514, 124.054522]]}",,"Tubbe dialect is spoken in Puntaru and Air Panas; Mauta dialect inAlimake, Lauki, Kapas, Ekajaya, Kolihabbang, Alikallang, Air Mama, and Beang; Lamma dialect in Latuna, Allung, Beangongo, Tulai, Nadda, Kayang, Wolu, Moba’a, and Boloang.",bib4298,yes +9449-location-4,9449,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the western part of Pantar island, part of the Alor archipelago."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.4, 124.05]]}",,The community is relatively isolated. Many villages do not haveelectricity and thus have very limited access to mass media.,bib3634,no 9449-speaker_number-1,9449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib68,no 9449-speakers-1,9449,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib68,no -9449-speaker_number-2,9449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4278,yes -9449-speakers-2,9449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10804"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4278,yes -9449-speaker_number-3,9449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3615,no -9449-speakers-3,9449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3615,no +9449-speaker_number-2,9449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib4298,yes +9449-speakers-2,9449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10804"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib4298,yes +9449-speaker_number-3,9449,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib3634,no +9449-speakers-3,9449,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib3634,no 9449-LEI-1,9449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 9449-vitality-1,9449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -9449-LEI-2,9449,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4278,yes -9449-transmission-2,9449,transmission,0,transmission-0,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4278,yes -9449-domains_of_use-2,9449,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4278,yes -9449-speaker_number_trends-2,9449,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4278,yes -9449-vitality-2,9449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4278,yes -9449-LEI-3,9449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3615,no -9449-vitality-3,9449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3615,no -945-context-1,945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Italian""}",,,bib5308,yes -945-location-1,945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.7467, 6.6796]]}",,,bib5307,no -945-location-2,945,location,"{""Places"": [""Ardeche, Drome, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes de Haute-Provence, Isere (France)"", ""Piedmont, Val d'Esturo, Entraigas, Limoun, Vinai, Pignerol, Sestrino (Italy)""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the upper valleys of Italian towns.""}",,,bib5308,yes -945-speaker_number-1,945,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5308,yes -945-speakers-1,945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5308,yes -945-LEI-1,945,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -945-transmission-1,945,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5308,yes -945-speaker_number_trends-1,945,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5308,yes -945-vitality-1,945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5308,yes -946-context-1,946,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian""}",,,bib5308,yes -946-location-1,946,location,"{""Places"": [""Guardia Piedmontese, Calabria, Italy""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.466667, 16.0]]}",,"39° 28′ 0″ N, 16° 0′ 0″ E",bib5308,yes -946-speaker_number-1,946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5308,yes -946-speakers-1,946,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5308,yes -946-LEI-1,946,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -946-transmission-1,946,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5308,yes -946-vitality-1,946,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,yes -9469-context-1,9469,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religious services, education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Contacts with the outside world are increasing. Already in the 1970s Blagar was no longer used in the church or the mosque, but had been replaced by Indonesian. At school the use of Blagar was discouraged to put it mildly; Indonesian was the sole language of instruction. For secondary and higher education Blagar people must migrate to Kalabahi or further afield. In the early 2000s, electricity reached Pura Island, and with it came television, another source of influence of Indonesian. As a result, bilingualism in Blagar and Indonesian has become generalized.""",bib7012,yes +9449-LEI-2,9449,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4298,yes +9449-transmission-2,9449,transmission,0,transmission-0,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4298,yes +9449-domains_of_use-2,9449,domains_of_use,1,domains_of_use-1,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4298,yes +9449-speaker_number_trends-2,9449,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4298,yes +9449-vitality-2,9449,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,Speakers are shifting to Indonesian (Alor Malay) under the influence of urbanization.,bib4298,yes +9449-LEI-3,9449,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3634,no +9449-vitality-3,9449,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3634,no +945-context-1,945,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""French, Italian""}",,,bib5331,yes +945-location-1,945,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[44.7467, 6.6796]]}",,,bib5330,no +945-location-2,945,location,"{""Places"": [""Ardeche, Drome, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes de Haute-Provence, Isere (France)"", ""Piedmont, Val d'Esturo, Entraigas, Limoun, Vinai, Pignerol, Sestrino (Italy)""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in the upper valleys of Italian towns.""}",,,bib5331,yes +945-speaker_number-1,945,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5331,yes +945-speakers-1,945,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5331,yes +945-LEI-1,945,LEI,"Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +945-transmission-1,945,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5331,yes +945-speaker_number_trends-1,945,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5331,yes +945-vitality-1,945,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5331,yes +946-context-1,946,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian""}",,,bib5331,yes +946-location-1,946,location,"{""Places"": [""Guardia Piedmontese, Calabria, Italy""], ""Coordinates"": [[39.466667, 16.0]]}",,"39° 28′ 0″ N, 16° 0′ 0″ E",bib5331,yes +946-speaker_number-1,946,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5331,yes +946-speakers-1,946,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5331,yes +946-LEI-1,946,LEI,"Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +946-transmission-1,946,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib5331,yes +946-vitality-1,946,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,yes +9469-context-1,9469,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Religious services, education""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,"Contacts with the outside world are increasing. Already in the 1970s Blagar was no longer used in the church or the mosque, but had been replaced by Indonesian. At school the use of Blagar was discouraged to put it mildly; Indonesian was the sole language of instruction. For secondary and higher education Blagar people must migrate to Kalabahi or further afield. In the early 2000s, electricity reached Pura Island, and with it came television, another source of influence of Indonesian. As a result, bilingualism in Blagar and Indonesian has become generalized.""",bib7036,yes 9469-location-1,9469,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""East Nusa Tenggara Province. East Pantar, north Pura, and south Ternate islands.""}",,,bib68,no 9469-location-2,9469,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.32, 124.25]]}",,,bib75,no -9469-location-3,9469,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Varieties of Blagar are spoken in all but two of the villages on the island of Pura (a dead volcano of over 1,000m high), on the smaller island of Tereweng south of Pura, and in a number of villages on the east coast of Pantar opposite Pura and Tereweng. Outside this core area there are scattered groups of Blagar migrants, mainly in the regional and provincial capitals of Kalabahi and Kupang."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.302799, 124.343837]]}",,,bib7012,yes +9469-location-3,9469,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Varieties of Blagar are spoken in all but two of the villages on the island of Pura (a dead volcano of over 1,000m high), on the smaller island of Tereweng south of Pura, and in a number of villages on the east coast of Pantar opposite Pura and Tereweng. Outside this core area there are scattered groups of Blagar migrants, mainly in the regional and provincial capitals of Kalabahi and Kupang."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.302799, 124.343837]]}",,,bib7036,yes 9469-speaker_number-1,9469,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib68,no 9469-speakers-1,9469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib68,no -9469-speakers-2,9469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000""}",,"A rough estimate then [in the 1970s] was that the total number of speakers of Blagar varieties did not exceed 10,000 people.",bib7012,yes +9469-speakers-2,9469,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000""}",,"A rough estimate then [in the 1970s] was that the total number of speakers of Blagar varieties did not exceed 10,000 people.",bib7036,yes 9469-LEI-1,9469,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib68,no 9469-vitality-1,9469,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib68,no -9469-LEI-2,9469,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7012,yes -9469-transmission-2,9469,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7012,yes -9469-speaker_number_trends-2,9469,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7012,yes -9469-vitality-2,9469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7012,yes +9469-LEI-2,9469,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7036,yes +9469-transmission-2,9469,transmission,1,transmission-1,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7036,yes +9469-speaker_number_trends-2,9469,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7036,yes +9469-vitality-2,9469,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is still transmitted to the younger generations, but in October 2012, elder Blagar speakers I met during a short stay in Kalabahi, complained about the decreasing speaking competence of their grandchildren and the increase of Indonesian in their language.",bib7036,yes 947-context-2,947,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""education, cultural activities""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Koryak, Russian""}",,,bib213,no -947-location-1,947,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Siberia: spoken in the region of the Kamchatkan Isthmus, including most of Olyutor and Karaga counties and the north of Tigil\u2019 County in Koryak Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +947-location-1,947,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""], ""Description"": ""Siberia: spoken in the region of the Kamchatkan Isthmus, including most of Olyutor and Karaga counties and the north of Tigil\u2019 County in Koryak Autonomous District in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 947-location-2,947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[61.0, 165.0]]}",,,bib216,no 947-location-3,947,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -947-location-4,947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.2016, 165.4238]]}",,,bib5307,no +947-location-4,947,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[60.2016, 165.4238]]}",,,bib5330,no 947-location-5,947,location,"{""Description"": ""Kamchatka Isthmus in northeast Siberia. Their territory encompasses nearly 15,000 sq. km. stretching from the Karaga Bay of the Bering Sea to Oliutorka (formerly Alutorskoye), and from Rekinniki to Podkagernaya on the coast of the Okhotsk Sea. Administratively, they belong to the Koryak Autonomous District, Kamchatka Region, Russian Federation""}",,,bib213,no -947-speaker_number-1,947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are much fewer than 2,000 speakers, including very few if any children; most speakers are elderly.",bib6474,yes -947-speakers-1,947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are much fewer than 2,000 speakers, including very few if any children; most speakers are elderly.",bib6474,yes +947-speaker_number-1,947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"There are much fewer than 2,000 speakers, including very few if any children; most speakers are elderly.",bib6498,yes +947-speakers-1,947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<2,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"There are much fewer than 2,000 speakers, including very few if any children; most speakers are elderly.",bib6498,yes 947-speakers-2,947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""100-200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000""}",,The number of native speakers is decreasing (2000 A. Kibrik). The data for the ethnic population is from M. Krauss (1997).,bib67,no -947-speaker_number-3,947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -947-speakers-3,947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no +947-speaker_number-3,947,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +947-speakers-3,947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no 947-speaker_number-4,947,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 947-speakers-4,947,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no 947-speakers-5,947,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2000-3000""}",,,bib213,no -947-LEI-1,947,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -947-transmission-1,947,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6474,yes -947-speaker_number_trends-1,947,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6474,yes -947-vitality-1,947,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6474,yes -947-LEI-2,947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -947-vitality-2,947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +947-LEI-1,947,LEI,"Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +947-transmission-1,947,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6498,yes +947-speaker_number_trends-1,947,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6498,yes +947-vitality-1,947,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib6498,yes +947-LEI-2,947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +947-vitality-2,947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 947-LEI-3,947,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 947-vitality-3,947,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 947-LEI-4,947,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 947-domains_of_use-4,947,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib213,no 947-vitality-4,947,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -9470-context-1,9470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Parents tend to teach and speak Bahasa Indonesia, rather than Adang, with their children. The reason is not only in order to make their children able to communicate with people from other language speaking backgrounds but also because Bahasa Indonesia is regarded as more prestigious than local languages. Therefore, the number of Adang speakers is decreasing very fast. The migration of Adang speakers to other places also contributes to the rapid decline in the number of Adang speakers.",bib3189,yes -9470-context-2,9470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Alor Malay""}",,,bib3188,no +9470-context-1,9470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian"", ""Government Support"": ""No government support"", ""Institutional Support"": ""No institutional support""}",,"Parents tend to teach and speak Bahasa Indonesia, rather than Adang, with their children. The reason is not only in order to make their children able to communicate with people from other language speaking backgrounds but also because Bahasa Indonesia is regarded as more prestigious than local languages. Therefore, the number of Adang speakers is decreasing very fast. The migration of Adang speakers to other places also contributes to the rapid decline in the number of Adang speakers.",bib3204,yes +9470-context-2,9470,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Indonesian, Alor Malay""}",,,bib3203,no 9470-location-1,9470,location,"{""Places"": [""East Nusa Tenggara Province. Northwest (Bird\u2019s Head), Alor island, northwest of Kalabahi town towards Banda Sea coast.""]}",,,bib68,no -9470-location-2,9470,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.19, 124.45]]}",,,bib5307,no -9470-location-3,9470,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The villages where Adang speakers live are Adang-Buom, located on the western border of Kalabahi, the capital of Alor regency, and Pitung bang (O't fai) north of Kalabahi. Other villages where Adang speakers live are Kenarilang, O'a, Afeng Male (Bang Palol), 'Eh don, Aimoli, Adang-Kokar, Bot Bag (Bota), Alila and Bu Mol."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.195, 124.484]]}",,"Along the coastal area, to the west of Kalabahi, Adang speakers mix with the speakers of the Alor language, which is the only Austronesian language in Alor. They also mix with the speakers of Pura (Blagar) and Reta, who have recently migrated from the islands of Pura and Ternate. The speakers of Alor, however, mostly live in the villages of Dulolong, Ampera, Alor Kecil and Alor Besar. They are also found in some parts of the islands of Pantar, Marica and Ternate, and in the islands of Tereweng and Buaya.",bib3189,yes -9470-location-4,9470,location,"{""Places"": [""\""Villages in the Bird's Head region of Alor, which includes the city of Kalabahi.\""""]}",,,bib3188,no +9470-location-2,9470,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.19, 124.45]]}",,,bib5330,no +9470-location-3,9470,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""The villages where Adang speakers live are Adang-Buom, located on the western border of Kalabahi, the capital of Alor regency, and Pitung bang (O't fai) north of Kalabahi. Other villages where Adang speakers live are Kenarilang, O'a, Afeng Male (Bang Palol), 'Eh don, Aimoli, Adang-Kokar, Bot Bag (Bota), Alila and Bu Mol."", ""Coordinates"": [[-8.195, 124.484]]}",,"Along the coastal area, to the west of Kalabahi, Adang speakers mix with the speakers of the Alor language, which is the only Austronesian language in Alor. They also mix with the speakers of Pura (Blagar) and Reta, who have recently migrated from the islands of Pura and Ternate. The speakers of Alor, however, mostly live in the villages of Dulolong, Ampera, Alor Kecil and Alor Besar. They are also found in some parts of the islands of Pantar, Marica and Ternate, and in the islands of Tereweng and Buaya.",bib3204,yes +9470-location-4,9470,location,"{""Places"": [""\""Villages in the Bird's Head region of Alor, which includes the city of Kalabahi.\""""]}",,,bib3203,no 9470-speaker_number-1,9470,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 9470-speakers-1,9470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no -9470-speaker_number-2,9470,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3189,yes -9470-speakers-2,9470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3189,yes -9470-speaker_number-3,9470,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3188,no -9470-speakers-3,9470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3188,no +9470-speaker_number-2,9470,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3204,yes +9470-speakers-2,9470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3204,yes +9470-speaker_number-3,9470,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3203,no +9470-speakers-3,9470,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~7,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3203,no 9470-LEI-1,9470,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Adang as: 6a (Vigorous),bib68,no 9470-vitality-1,9470,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Adang as: 6a (Vigorous),bib68,no -9470-LEI-2,9470,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3189,yes -9470-transmission-2,9470,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3189,yes -9470-domains_of_use-2,9470,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3189,yes -9470-speaker_number_trends-2,9470,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3189,yes -9470-vitality-2,9470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3189,yes -9470-LEI-3,9470,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3188,no -9470-transmission-3,9470,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3188,no -9470-vitality-3,9470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3188,no -948-context-1,948,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib6474,yes +9470-LEI-2,9470,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3204,yes +9470-transmission-2,9470,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3204,yes +9470-domains_of_use-2,9470,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3204,yes +9470-speaker_number_trends-2,9470,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3204,yes +9470-vitality-2,9470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.",bib3204,yes +9470-LEI-3,9470,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3203,no +9470-transmission-3,9470,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3203,no +9470-vitality-3,9470,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013).",bib3203,no +948-context-1,948,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Russian, Avar""}",,,bib6498,yes 948-context-2,948,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""All except domestic""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Avar"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All bilingual in Avar""}",,Andi is only spoken at home.,bib213,no -948-location-1,948,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in nine villages, including Andi, Muni (Munib), and Kvankhidatl\u2019, in Botlikh County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6474,yes +948-location-1,948,location,"{""Places"": [""Caucasia: western Daghestan""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in nine villages, including Andi, Muni (Munib), and Kvankhidatl\u2019, in Botlikh County in the Republic of Daghestan in the Russian Federation.""}",,,bib6498,yes 948-location-2,948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.75, 46.25]]}",,,bib216,no 948-location-3,948,location,"{""Places"": [""Russia""]}",,,bib67,no -948-location-4,948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.7308, 46.2963]]}",,,bib5307,no -948-speaker_number-1,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers is usually given as being below 10,000, but the actual figure may be as high as 20,000, and includes many children.",bib6474,yes -948-speakers-1,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers is usually given as being below 10,000, but the actual figure may be as high as 20,000, and includes many children.",bib6474,yes +948-location-4,948,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.7308, 46.2963]]}",,,bib5330,no +948-speaker_number-1,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"The number of speakers is usually given as being below 10,000, but the actual figure may be as high as 20,000, and includes many children.",bib6498,yes +948-speakers-1,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000-20,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"The number of speakers is usually given as being below 10,000, but the actual figure may be as high as 20,000, and includes many children.",bib6498,yes 948-speaker_number-2,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(2002 census),bib67,no 948-speakers-2,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""21,800"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(2002 census),bib67,no -948-speaker_number-3,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -948-speakers-3,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,729"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no +948-speaker_number-3,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +948-speakers-3,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""23,729"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no 948-speaker_number-4,948,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 948-speakers-4,948,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 948-speaker_number-5,948,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib213,no 948-speakers-5,948,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000-9000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,968-8,964"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib213,no -948-LEI-1,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6474,yes -948-transmission-1,948,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6474,yes -948-vitality-1,948,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6474,yes +948-LEI-1,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6498,yes +948-transmission-1,948,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6498,yes +948-vitality-1,948,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib6498,yes 948-LEI-2,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 948-vitality-2,948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -948-LEI-3,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -948-vitality-3,948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +948-LEI-3,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +948-vitality-3,948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 948-LEI-4,948,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 948-vitality-4,948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 948-LEI-5,948,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib213,no 948-vitality-5,948,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib213,no -9489-context-1,9489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Alor Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib6583,yes +9489-context-1,9489,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Alor Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib6607,yes 9489-location-1,9489,location,"{""Places"": [""East Nusa Tenggara Province, Central Alor island""]}",,,bib68,no -9489-location-2,9489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.258181, 124.894568]]}",,,bib6583,yes +9489-location-2,9489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.258181, 124.894568]]}",,,bib6607,yes 9489-location-3,9489,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.27, 124.79]]}",,,bib75,no 9489-speaker_number-1,9489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib68,no 9489-speakers-1,9489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib68,no -9489-speaker_number-2,9489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figure of 16,500 speakers given in the Ethnologue (Lewis 2009) is inflated. It subsumes several closely related languages under the label 'Kamang.' In actuality, the Kamang language, as designated by speakers and their neighbors and as clearly divisible on linguistic grounds, is limited to the northwestern area of the region marked as Kamang on the Ethnologue map.",bib6583,yes -9489-speakers-2,9489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figure of 16,500 speakers given in the Ethnologue (Lewis 2009) is inflated. It subsumes several closely related languages under the label 'Kamang.' In actuality, the Kamang language, as designated by speakers and their neighbors and as clearly divisible on linguistic grounds, is limited to the northwestern area of the region marked as Kamang on the Ethnologue map.",bib6583,yes +9489-speaker_number-2,9489,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"The figure of 16,500 speakers given in the Ethnologue (Lewis 2009) is inflated. It subsumes several closely related languages under the label 'Kamang.' In actuality, the Kamang language, as designated by speakers and their neighbors and as clearly divisible on linguistic grounds, is limited to the northwestern area of the region marked as Kamang on the Ethnologue map.",bib6607,yes +9489-speakers-2,9489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~6,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"The figure of 16,500 speakers given in the Ethnologue (Lewis 2009) is inflated. It subsumes several closely related languages under the label 'Kamang.' In actuality, the Kamang language, as designated by speakers and their neighbors and as clearly divisible on linguistic grounds, is limited to the northwestern area of the region marked as Kamang on the Ethnologue map.",bib6607,yes 9489-speakers-3,9489,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,500 (2000)""}",,,bib67,no 9489-LEI-1,9489,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Kamang as: 6a (Vigorous)",bib68,no 9489-vitality-1,9489,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Kamang as: 6a (Vigorous)",bib68,no -9489-LEI-2,9489,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6583,yes -9489-transmission-2,9489,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6583,yes -9489-vitality-2,9489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6583,yes -949-context-1,949,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""administration, culture, information""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Aragonese is also commonly perceived as an incomplete means of expression."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"However, despite lack of institutional support, Aragonese society has relentlessly organized itself into cultural associations and they themselves have for the last thirty five years carried the whole weight of the scientific and economic research, the teaching, promotion, awareness and spread of Aragonese.",bib865,no -949-context-2,949,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Mainly spoken in the high valleys of the Pyrenees such as the Aragon River, Sobrarbe, Ribogorza, northern Huesca, the towns of Graus and Samianigo.",bib5308,yes -949-location-1,949,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain""], ""Description"": ""northern Pyrenean valleys""}",,,bib865,no -949-location-2,949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.2935, -0.4394]]}",,,bib5307,no -949-location-3,949,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain, Aragon, Navarra""], ""Description"": ""Mainly spoken in the high valleys of the Pyrenees such as the Aragon River, Sobrarbe, Ribogorza, northern Huesca, the towns of Graus and Samianigo.""}",,,bib5308,yes +9489-LEI-2,9489,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6607,yes +9489-transmission-2,9489,transmission,2,transmission-2,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6607,yes +9489-vitality-2,9489,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Traditionally, the Kamang people lived in the central mountainous area of the island. However, during the 1970s many villages were compelled by Indonesian administrators to move down to the lower lying coastal areas. According to community elders, Kamang culture has been considerably eroded since resettlement. Today, the Kamang language is severely endangered. Kamang children and adolescents are rarely more than passive speakers of their language. Whilst parents and elders may speak amongst themselves in Kamang, child directed speech is typically in the local variety of Malay. In the several domestic settings I have observed, even where children are spoken to in Kamang, they invariably answer in Malay.",bib6607,yes +949-context-1,949,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""administration, culture, information""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Aragonese is also commonly perceived as an incomplete means of expression."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no""}",,"However, despite lack of institutional support, Aragonese society has relentlessly organized itself into cultural associations and they themselves have for the last thirty five years carried the whole weight of the scientific and economic research, the teaching, promotion, awareness and spread of Aragonese.",bib869,no +949-context-2,949,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Spanish""}",,"Mainly spoken in the high valleys of the Pyrenees such as the Aragon River, Sobrarbe, Ribogorza, northern Huesca, the towns of Graus and Samianigo.",bib5331,yes +949-location-1,949,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain""], ""Description"": ""northern Pyrenean valleys""}",,,bib869,no +949-location-2,949,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.2935, -0.4394]]}",,,bib5330,no +949-location-3,949,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain, Aragon, Navarra""], ""Description"": ""Mainly spoken in the high valleys of the Pyrenees such as the Aragon River, Sobrarbe, Ribogorza, northern Huesca, the towns of Graus and Samianigo.""}",,,bib5331,yes 949-location-4,949,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain""]}",,,bib67,no -949-speaker_number-1,949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the last linguistic census, there are close to 10,000 people who currently use Aragonese in a familial environment and for informal communication and 30,000 who could be considered passive speakers of the language; this amounts to approximately 34% of the existing population of Aragón speaking or understanding Aragonese.",bib865,no -949-speakers-1,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30,000""}",,"According to the last linguistic census, there are close to 10,000 people who currently use Aragonese in a familial environment and for informal communication and 30,000 who could be considered passive speakers of the language; this amounts to approximately 34% of the existing population of Aragón speaking or understanding Aragonese.",bib865,no -949-speaker_number-2,949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -949-speakers-2,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -949-speaker_number-3,949,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many thousands with some knowledge of the language. Studied as a second language.,bib5308,yes -949-speakers-3,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many thousands with some knowledge of the language. Studied as a second language.,bib5308,yes +949-speaker_number-1,949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"According to the last linguistic census, there are close to 10,000 people who currently use Aragonese in a familial environment and for informal communication and 30,000 who could be considered passive speakers of the language; this amounts to approximately 34% of the existing population of Aragón speaking or understanding Aragonese.",bib869,no +949-speakers-1,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""30,000""}",,"According to the last linguistic census, there are close to 10,000 people who currently use Aragonese in a familial environment and for informal communication and 30,000 who could be considered passive speakers of the language; this amounts to approximately 34% of the existing population of Aragón speaking or understanding Aragonese.",bib869,no +949-speaker_number-2,949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +949-speakers-2,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +949-speaker_number-3,949,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Many thousands with some knowledge of the language. Studied as a second language.,bib5331,yes +949-speakers-3,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<10,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Many thousands with some knowledge of the language. Studied as a second language.,bib5331,yes 949-speaker_number-4,949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 949-speakers-4,949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 949-speakers-5,949,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""2,000,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""11,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994""}",,,bib67,no -949-LEI-1,949,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib865,no -949-domains_of_use-1,949,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib865,no -949-speaker_number_trends-1,949,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib865,no -949-vitality-1,949,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib865,no -949-LEI-2,949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -949-vitality-2,949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +949-LEI-1,949,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib869,no +949-domains_of_use-1,949,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,,bib869,no +949-speaker_number_trends-1,949,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib869,no +949-vitality-1,949,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib869,no +949-LEI-2,949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +949-vitality-2,949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 949-LEI-3,949,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"There are many thousands with some knowledge of the language. It is also studied as a second language. -Few children learn the language.",bib5308,yes +Few children learn the language.",bib5331,yes 949-transmission-3,949,transmission,3,transmission-3,"There are many thousands with some knowledge of the language. It is also studied as a second language. -Few children learn the language.",bib5308,yes +Few children learn the language.",bib5331,yes 949-vitality-3,949,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"There are many thousands with some knowledge of the language. It is also studied as a second language. -Few children learn the language.",bib5308,yes +Few children learn the language.",bib5331,yes 949-LEI-4,949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 949-vitality-4,949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -9490-context-1,9490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wersing, Kula, Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib4317,yes -9490-location-1,9490,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.218577, 125.133487]]}",,"The northern dialects (in the original mountain villages [before coastal resettlement in the 1970s] Manase, Lalamana, Kanaumana) are spoken nowadays in Kiralela, Aura, and Kolana; the central dialects (Salimana and Kilaara) are spoken in Maritaing and Yesu; the southern dialects (Saliira, Loona, and Lamotena) are spoken in Warendo, Krangle, Erana, and Kunatena.",bib4317,yes +9490-context-1,9490,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Wersing, Kula, Malay"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most""}",,,bib4338,yes +9490-location-1,9490,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[-8.218577, 125.133487]]}",,"The northern dialects (in the original mountain villages [before coastal resettlement in the 1970s] Manase, Lalamana, Kanaumana) are spoken nowadays in Kiralela, Aura, and Kolana; the central dialects (Salimana and Kilaara) are spoken in Maritaing and Yesu; the southern dialects (Saliira, Loona, and Lamotena) are spoken in Warendo, Krangle, Erana, and Kunatena.",bib4338,yes 9490-location-2,9490,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; southeast Alor island, between Kula [tpg] and Wersing [kvw] language areas.""}",,,bib69,no -9490-speaker_number-1,9490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Ethnologue, there are about 3,000 speakers of Sawila; I have not been able to obtain a more precise count.",bib4317,yes -9490-speakers-1,9490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Ethnologue, there are about 3,000 speakers of Sawila; I have not been able to obtain a more precise count.",bib4317,yes +9490-speaker_number-1,9490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"According to the Ethnologue, there are about 3,000 speakers of Sawila; I have not been able to obtain a more precise count.",bib4338,yes +9490-speakers-1,9490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"According to the Ethnologue, there are about 3,000 speakers of Sawila; I have not been able to obtain a more precise count.",bib4338,yes 9490-speaker_number-2,9490,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Grimes et al.),bib69,no 9490-speakers-2,9490,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Grimes et al.),bib69,no -9490-LEI-1,9490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bilingualism and multilingualism are the norm: most Sawila speakers are fluent in Wersing and/or Kula. Knowledge of Malay is also widespread and there is an ongoing shift to it, resulting in increasing endangerment of Sawila.",bib4317,yes -9490-vitality-1,9490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Bilingualism and multilingualism are the norm: most Sawila speakers are fluent in Wersing and/or Kula. Knowledge of Malay is also widespread and there is an ongoing shift to it, resulting in increasing endangerment of Sawila.",bib4317,yes +9490-LEI-1,9490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Bilingualism and multilingualism are the norm: most Sawila speakers are fluent in Wersing and/or Kula. Knowledge of Malay is also widespread and there is an ongoing shift to it, resulting in increasing endangerment of Sawila.",bib4338,yes +9490-vitality-1,9490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Bilingualism and multilingualism are the norm: most Sawila speakers are fluent in Wersing and/or Kula. Knowledge of Malay is also widespread and there is an ongoing shift to it, resulting in increasing endangerment of Sawila.",bib4338,yes 9490-LEI-2,9490,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9490-vitality-2,9490,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9509-context-1,9509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abui, Kamang""}",,[The Wersing-speaking villages of Adagai and Taremana] are in close contact with Abui and Kamang speakers respectively and villagers typically have some competence in those languages.,bib3466,yes -9509-location-1,9509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.350974, 124.998557]]}",,,bib3466,yes +9509-context-1,9509,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Abui, Kamang""}",,[The Wersing-speaking villages of Adagai and Taremana] are in close contact with Abui and Kamang speakers respectively and villagers typically have some competence in those languages.,bib3484,yes +9509-location-1,9509,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-8.350974, 124.998557]]}",,,bib3484,yes 9509-location-2,9509,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; Alor island. East coast area, southeast coast, Pietoko and Pureman, 2 enclaves on central north coast.""}",,,bib69,no -9509-speaker_number-1,9509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are no reliable sources of how many Wersing speakers there are. The most recent edition of the Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2013) estimates there to be around 4,000 speakers.",bib3466,yes -9509-speakers-1,9509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are no reliable sources of how many Wersing speakers there are. The most recent edition of the Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2013) estimates there to be around 4,000 speakers.",bib3466,yes +9509-speaker_number-1,9509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"There are no reliable sources of how many Wersing speakers there are. The most recent edition of the Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2013) estimates there to be around 4,000 speakers.",bib3484,yes +9509-speakers-1,9509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~4,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"There are no reliable sources of how many Wersing speakers there are. The most recent edition of the Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2013) estimates there to be around 4,000 speakers.",bib3484,yes 9509-speaker_number-2,9509,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Grimes et al.),bib69,no 9509-speakers-2,9509,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Grimes et al.),bib69,no -9509-LEI-1,9509,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3466,yes -9509-transmission-1,9509,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3466,yes -9509-vitality-1,9509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3466,yes +9509-LEI-1,9509,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3484,yes +9509-transmission-1,9509,transmission,0,transmission-0,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3484,yes +9509-vitality-1,9509,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"In the villages, Wersing appears to be a vibrant language, with children acquiring it in places such as Kolana and Pureman (Emilie Wellfelt pers. comm.).",bib3484,yes 9509-LEI-2,9509,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9509-vitality-2,9509,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 9529-location-1,9529,location,"{""Description"": ""East Nusa Tenggara Province. North central Flores island, between eastern Manggarai [mqy] and Riung [riu] language areas.""}",,,bib68,yes @@ -65552,82 +65756,82 @@ Few children learn the language.",bib5308,yes 9589-speakers-1,9589,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1994"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,yes 9589-LEI-1,9589,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 9589-vitality-1,9589,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -961-context-1,961,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilokano, Tagalog, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Every Dupaningan speaker is completely bilingual in Ilokano.,bib6323,yes -961-location-1,961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9682, 122.0361]]}",,,bib5307,no +961-context-1,961,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Ilokano, Tagalog, English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,Every Dupaningan speaker is completely bilingual in Ilokano.,bib6347,yes +961-location-1,961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[17.9682, 122.0361]]}",,,bib5330,no 961-location-2,961,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[18.0, 122.083333333]]}",,,bib216,no -961-location-3,961,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Dupaningan Agta is spoken on the northeastern coast of the island of Luzon, from Santa Ana in the north to Maconacon in the south... Dupaningan is spoken in some thirty-five scattered communities."", ""Coordinates"": [[18.114937, 122.178526]]}",,,bib6323,yes +961-location-3,961,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Dupaningan Agta is spoken on the northeastern coast of the island of Luzon, from Santa Ana in the north to Maconacon in the south... Dupaningan is spoken in some thirty-five scattered communities."", ""Coordinates"": [[18.114937, 122.178526]]}",,,bib6347,yes 961-location-4,961,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -961-speaker_number-1,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -961-speakers-1,961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -961-speaker_number-2,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6323,yes -961-speakers-2,961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6323,yes +961-speaker_number-1,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +961-speakers-1,961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +961-speaker_number-2,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib6347,yes +961-speakers-2,961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1,400"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib6347,yes 961-speaker_number-3,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib233,no 961-speakers-3,961,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib233,no 961-speaker_number-4,961,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Speaker number (1986 SIL); Ethnic population: (2007 L. Reid),bib67,no 961-speakers-4,961,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""1,500"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,200"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1986"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Speaker number (1986 SIL); Ethnic population: (2007 L. Reid),bib67,no -961-LEI-1,961,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -961-vitality-1,961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -961-LEI-2,961,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6323,yes -961-transmission-2,961,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6323,yes -961-vitality-2,961,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6323,yes +961-LEI-1,961,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +961-vitality-1,961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +961-LEI-2,961,LEI,"Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6347,yes +961-transmission-2,961,transmission,2,transmission-2,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6347,yes +961-vitality-2,961,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The language is endangered, as it is beginning to lose child speakers... Of the roughly thirty-five communities where Dupaningan Agta people live, the language is no longer learned by children in five... Even in places where children know Dupaningan, those children often reply in Ilokano when spoken to in Dupaningan... without drastic change, the Dupaningan Agta language will die out within the next few generations.",bib6347,yes 961-LEI-3,961,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 961-vitality-3,961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 961-LEI-4,961,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 961-vitality-4,961,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -962-context-1,962,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian""}",,,bib5308,yes -962-location-1,962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.9321, 14.8645]]}",,,bib5307,no -962-location-2,962,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy, in villages of Avellino, Potenza, Taranto, Cosenza, Catanzaro, Palermo""]}",,,bib5308,yes +962-context-1,962,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Schools""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Italian""}",,,bib5331,yes +962-location-1,962,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.9321, 14.8645]]}",,,bib5330,no +962-location-2,962,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy, in villages of Avellino, Potenza, Taranto, Cosenza, Catanzaro, Palermo""]}",,,bib5331,yes 962-location-3,962,location,"{""Places"": [""Italy""]}",,,bib67,no -962-speaker_number-1,962,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5307,no -962-speakers-1,962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5307,no -962-speaker_number-2,962,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5308,yes -962-speakers-2,962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5308,yes +962-speaker_number-1,962,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5330,no +962-speakers-1,962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5330,no +962-speaker_number-2,962,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib5331,yes +962-speakers-2,962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<100,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib5331,yes 962-speaker_number-3,962,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib233,no 962-speakers-3,962,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib233,no 962-speakers-4,962,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""260,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""80,000""}",,Data for the number of native speakers from L. Newmark (1963). Data for ethnic population from Stephens (1976).,bib67,no -962-LEI-1,962,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -962-vitality-1,962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -962-LEI-2,962,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -962-transmission-2,962,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5308,yes -962-vitality-2,962,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5308,yes +962-LEI-1,962,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +962-vitality-1,962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +962-LEI-2,962,LEI,"Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +962-transmission-2,962,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5331,yes +962-vitality-2,962,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,,bib5331,yes 962-LEI-3,962,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 962-vitality-3,962,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -9629-context-1,9629,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Taiwanese Southern Min"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Due to heavy Sinicization, less than 30% of the Kaxabu know they themselves are plain aboriginals. The Kaxabu living in Shoucheng 守城 tribe have a revitalization project.",bib8311,yes -9629-location-1,9629,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The language was historically spoken in the western plains. In modern times however, the last remaining native speakers lived in the Puli township area, Nantou county."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.9666667, 120.9666667]]}",,,bib4638,no -9629-location-2,9629,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Nantou County, specifically \u8708\u86a3 Wugung, \u5927\u6e73 Danan, \u5b88\u57ce Shoucheng, \u725b\u5c3e Niouwei and \u725b\u7720 Nioumien tribes in Puli.""}",,,bib8311,yes -9629-speakers-1,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1""}",,,bib5307,no -9629-speakers-2,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib4638,no -9629-speaker_number-3,9629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Note that this entry is associated with the Kaxabu variety.,bib8311,yes -9629-speakers-3,9629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3""}",,Note that this entry is associated with the Kaxabu variety.,bib8311,yes -9629-speakers-4,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Pazeh is one of Taiwan’s 10 Pingpu Aborigine groups, also known as lowland Aborigines. They say their language, culture and ethnic identity are disappearing because they are excluded from the benefits of official government recognition enjoyed by the nation’s 14 Aboriginal peoples.",bib5115,no +9629-context-1,9629,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""all""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin Chinese; Taiwanese Southern Min"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,"Due to heavy Sinicization, less than 30% of the Kaxabu know they themselves are plain aboriginals. The Kaxabu living in Shoucheng 守城 tribe have a revitalization project.",bib8336,yes +9629-location-1,9629,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The language was historically spoken in the western plains. In modern times however, the last remaining native speakers lived in the Puli township area, Nantou county."", ""Coordinates"": [[23.9666667, 120.9666667]]}",,,bib4660,no +9629-location-2,9629,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""Nantou County, specifically \u8708\u86a3 Wugung, \u5927\u6e73 Danan, \u5b88\u57ce Shoucheng, \u725b\u5c3e Niouwei and \u725b\u7720 Nioumien tribes in Puli.""}",,,bib8336,yes +9629-speakers-1,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1""}",,,bib5330,no +9629-speakers-2,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""0""}",,,bib4660,no +9629-speaker_number-3,9629,speaker_number,4,speaker_number-4,Note that this entry is associated with the Kaxabu variety.,bib8336,yes +9629-speakers-3,9629,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""12"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10-99"", ""Second Language Speakers"": ""3""}",,Note that this entry is associated with the Kaxabu variety.,bib8336,yes +9629-speakers-4,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,"Pazeh is one of Taiwan’s 10 Pingpu Aborigine groups, also known as lowland Aborigines. They say their language, culture and ethnic identity are disappearing because they are excluded from the benefits of official government recognition enjoyed by the nation’s 14 Aboriginal peoples.",bib5137,no 9629-speakers-5,9629,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1""}",,,bib233,no -9629-LEI-1,9629,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4638,no -9629-vitality-1,9629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4638,no -9629-LEI-2,9629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8311,yes -9629-transmission-2,9629,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8311,yes -9629-domains_of_use-2,9629,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8311,yes -9629-speaker_number_trends-2,9629,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8311,yes -9629-vitality-2,9629,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8311,yes -9629-LEI-3,9629,LEI,Awakening (),,"Pan Ying-chieh said the Pazeh family clans in Puli have organized an association to promote their culture and to resuscitate the language, with seminars and classes being held at the local Ailan Presbyterian Church on weekends and during holidays.",bib5115,no -9629-vitality-3,9629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Pan Ying-chieh said the Pazeh family clans in Puli have organized an association to promote their culture and to resuscitate the language, with seminars and classes being held at the local Ailan Presbyterian Church on weekends and during holidays.",bib5115,no -963-context-1,963,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""]}",,,bib5308,yes -963-location-1,963,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.2292, 21.1376]]}",,,bib5307,no -963-location-2,963,location,"{""Places"": [""Thessaly, Epirus, Central Albania, Republic of Macedonia, Greek Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia (Nis, Kladovo)""]}",,,bib5308,yes +9629-LEI-1,9629,LEI,Dormant (),,,bib4660,no +9629-vitality-1,9629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""dormant""}}",,,bib4660,no +9629-LEI-2,9629,LEI,"Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib8336,yes +9629-transmission-2,9629,transmission,5,transmission-5,,bib8336,yes +9629-domains_of_use-2,9629,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib8336,yes +9629-speaker_number_trends-2,9629,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,,bib8336,yes +9629-vitality-2,9629,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""There are only a few elderly speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib8336,yes +9629-LEI-3,9629,LEI,Awakening (),,"Pan Ying-chieh said the Pazeh family clans in Puli have organized an association to promote their culture and to resuscitate the language, with seminars and classes being held at the local Ailan Presbyterian Church on weekends and during holidays.",bib5137,no +9629-vitality-3,9629,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,"Pan Ying-chieh said the Pazeh family clans in Puli have organized an association to promote their culture and to resuscitate the language, with seminars and classes being held at the local Ailan Presbyterian Church on weekends and during holidays.",bib5137,no +963-context-1,963,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""schools""]}",,,bib5331,yes +963-location-1,963,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[40.2292, 21.1376]]}",,,bib5330,no +963-location-2,963,location,"{""Places"": [""Thessaly, Epirus, Central Albania, Republic of Macedonia, Greek Macedonia, Bulgaria, Serbia (Nis, Kladovo)""]}",,,bib5331,yes 963-location-3,963,location,"{""Places"": [""Bosnia and Herzegovina"", ""Serbia and Montenegro"", ""Romania"", ""Albania"", ""Bulgaria"", ""Macedonia"", ""Greece"", ""Serbia""]}",,,bib67,no -963-speaker_number-1,963,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -963-speakers-1,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -963-speaker_number-2,963,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5308,yes -963-speakers-2,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5308,yes +963-speaker_number-1,963,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +963-speakers-1,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""500,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +963-speaker_number-2,963,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5331,yes +963-speakers-2,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""350,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5331,yes 963-speaker_number-3,963,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 963-speakers-3,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""306,237"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 963-speaker_number-4,963,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"50,000 [speakers] in Greece (Salminen 1993). Ethnic population: 700,000 in Greece (Association of French Aromanians).",bib67,no 963-speakers-4,963,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""123,300"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"50,000 [speakers] in Greece (Salminen 1993). Ethnic population: 700,000 in Greece (Association of French Aromanians).",bib67,no -963-LEI-1,963,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -963-vitality-1,963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -963-LEI-2,963,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5308,yes -963-transmission-2,963,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5308,yes -963-speaker_number_trends-2,963,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5308,yes -963-vitality-2,963,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5308,yes +963-LEI-1,963,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +963-vitality-1,963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +963-LEI-2,963,LEI,"Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5331,yes +963-transmission-2,963,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib5331,yes +963-speaker_number_trends-2,963,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib5331,yes +963-vitality-2,963,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.8}}",,,bib5331,yes 963-LEI-3,963,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 963-vitality-3,963,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 963-LEI-4,963,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no @@ -65645,215 +65849,215 @@ Few children learn the language.",bib5308,yes 9630-vitality-2,9630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib69,no 9630-LEI-3,9630,LEI,Awakening (),,,bib309,no 9630-vitality-3,9630,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,,bib309,no -9649-context-1,9649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Japanese (elderly population only)""}",,,bib7243,yes -9649-location-1,9649,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Puyuma people reside in Southeastern Taiwan in Taitung City and Peinan Township in Taitung County."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.7583333, 121.1444444], [22.788903, 121.11482]]}",,,bib7243,yes +9649-context-1,9649,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mandarin, Japanese (elderly population only)""}",,,bib7267,yes +9649-location-1,9649,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""The Puyuma people reside in Southeastern Taiwan in Taitung City and Peinan Township in Taitung County."", ""Coordinates"": [[22.7583333, 121.1444444], [22.788903, 121.11482]]}",,,bib7267,yes 9649-location-2,9649,location,"{""Places"": [""Taiwan""], ""Description"": ""East coast area south of Taitung and inland.""}",,,bib67,no -9649-speaker_number-1,9649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5307,no -9649-speakers-1,9649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5307,no -9649-speaker_number-2,9649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.",bib7243,yes -9649-speakers-2,9649,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9197"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.",bib7243,yes +9649-speaker_number-1,9649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib5330,no +9649-speakers-1,9649,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1500"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib5330,no +9649-speaker_number-2,9649,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.",bib7267,yes +9649-speakers-2,9649,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""9197"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""~1000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.",bib7267,yes 9649-speaker_number-3,9649,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,The speaker numbers listed here match the ethnic population. It should not be taken as an accurate number in terms of speakers of the language.,bib67,no 9649-speakers-3,9649,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""8490"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""8490"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2002"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,The speaker numbers listed here match the ethnic population. It should not be taken as an accurate number in terms of speakers of the language.,bib67,no -9649-LEI-1,9649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -9649-vitality-1,9649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -9649-LEI-2,9649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7243,yes -9649-transmission-2,9649,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7243,yes -9649-domains_of_use-2,9649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7243,yes -9649-speaker_number_trends-2,9649,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7243,yes -9649-vitality-2,9649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7243,yes +9649-LEI-1,9649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +9649-vitality-1,9649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +9649-LEI-2,9649,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7267,yes +9649-transmission-2,9649,transmission,4,transmission-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7267,yes +9649-domains_of_use-2,9649,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7267,yes +9649-speaker_number_trends-2,9649,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7267,yes +9649-vitality-2,9649,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.",bib7267,yes 9649-LEI-3,9649,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9649-vitality-3,9649,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -966-location-1,966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.7954, -5.6689]]}",,,bib5307,no -966-location-2,966,location,"{""Places"": [""Asturias, Oviedo, Portugal, Miranda do Douro""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.357138, -5.865532], [42.596565, -5.571648], [41.504464, -5.746056], [41.49945, -6.271331], [41.585661, -6.524609]]}",,"""Asturian survives mainly in Asturias around Oviedo (Uviéu) where some children learn the language, and to much lesser extent in the western parts of León Province (Leonese) and in the Sanabria region in Zamora Province (Sanabrese) in the autonomous region of Castille-León, where probably all speakers are elderly. In Portugal, the language is spoken in the Miranda do Douro region and in two towns in the Vimioso region by some 10,000 to 15,000 people; it was officially recognised there in 1999, and it has gained some presence in education, media and public life since then"" (Salminen 2007)",bib6474,yes +966-location-1,966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[42.7954, -5.6689]]}",,,bib5330,no +966-location-2,966,location,"{""Places"": [""Asturias, Oviedo, Portugal, Miranda do Douro""], ""Coordinates"": [[43.357138, -5.865532], [42.596565, -5.571648], [41.504464, -5.746056], [41.49945, -6.271331], [41.585661, -6.524609]]}",,"""Asturian survives mainly in Asturias around Oviedo (Uviéu) where some children learn the language, and to much lesser extent in the western parts of León Province (Leonese) and in the Sanabria region in Zamora Province (Sanabrese) in the autonomous region of Castille-León, where probably all speakers are elderly. In Portugal, the language is spoken in the Miranda do Douro region and in two towns in the Vimioso region by some 10,000 to 15,000 people; it was officially recognised there in 1999, and it has gained some presence in education, media and public life since then"" (Salminen 2007)",bib6498,yes 966-location-3,966,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[43.25, -6.0]]}",,,bib216,no 966-location-4,966,location,"{""Places"": [""Spain"", ""Portugal""]}",,,bib67,no -966-speaker_number-1,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5307,no -966-speakers-1,966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5307,no -966-speaker_number-2,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Spoken by around 100,000 people in Spain, and 10-15,000 in Portugal.",bib6474,yes -966-speakers-2,966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Spoken by around 100,000 people in Spain, and 10-15,000 in Portugal.",bib6474,yes +966-speaker_number-1,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib5330,no +966-speakers-1,966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib5330,no +966-speaker_number-2,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Spoken by around 100,000 people in Spain, and 10-15,000 in Portugal.",bib6498,yes +966-speakers-2,966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""110,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Spoken by around 100,000 people in Spain, and 10-15,000 in Portugal.",bib6498,yes 966-speaker_number-3,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,,bib233,no 966-speakers-3,966,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""125,039"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,,bib233,no 966-speaker_number-4,966,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"There are 100,000 speakers in Spain (1994); 50,000 in Central Asturian; 30,000 in Western Asturian; 20,000 in Eastern Asturian. Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1996.",bib67,no 966-speakers-4,966,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""550,000"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""125,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"There are 100,000 speakers in Spain (1994); 50,000 in Central Asturian; 30,000 in Western Asturian; 20,000 in Eastern Asturian. Data for the ethnic population was gathered in 1996.",bib67,no -966-LEI-1,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -966-vitality-1,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no -966-LEI-2,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Asturian is engangered in Portugal and Spain, although still spoken by some children.",bib6474,yes -966-vitality-2,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Asturian is engangered in Portugal and Spain, although still spoken by some children.",bib6474,yes +966-LEI-1,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +966-vitality-1,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no +966-LEI-2,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Asturian is engangered in Portugal and Spain, although still spoken by some children.",bib6498,yes +966-vitality-2,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,"Asturian is engangered in Portugal and Spain, although still spoken by some children.",bib6498,yes 966-LEI-3,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 966-vitality-3,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no 966-LEI-4,966,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 966-vitality-4,966,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 9669-context-1,9669,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Botolan Sambal [sbl]"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral attitudes.""}",,,bib69,no 9669-location-1,9669,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""Luzon, Tarlac Province, San Jose, Maamot; Station Juliana, Mayantoc, and Capas."", ""Coordinates"": [[15.35, 120.457], [15.4, 120.333], [15.619, 120.378]]}",,,bib69,no -9669-location-2,9669,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The spealers of Ayta Abellen are located in the mountainous western part of the Tarlac province of luzon with the area reaching into Sambales even on the western side of the Sambales mountains.""}",,,bib7050,yes +9669-location-2,9669,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""], ""Description"": ""The spealers of Ayta Abellen are located in the mountainous western part of the Tarlac province of luzon with the area reaching into Sambales even on the western side of the Sambales mountains.""}",,,bib7074,yes 9669-speaker_number-1,9669,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 9669-speakers-1,9669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2008"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -9669-speaker_number-2,9669,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7050,yes -9669-speakers-2,9669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7050,yes +9669-speaker_number-2,9669,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib7074,yes +9669-speakers-2,9669,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,500"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2005"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib7074,yes 9669-LEI-1,9669,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9669-vitality-1,9669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9669-LEI-2,9669,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7050,yes -9669-vitality-2,9669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7050,yes -9689-location-1,9689,location,"{""Places"": [""Philppines""], ""Description"": ""The Casiguran Agta people live in the foothills and seacoast of the Sierra Madre near the town of Casiguran, Aurora Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.227, 122.063]]}",,,bib3400,yes +9669-LEI-2,9669,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7074,yes +9669-vitality-2,9669,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7074,yes +9689-location-1,9689,location,"{""Places"": [""Philppines""], ""Description"": ""The Casiguran Agta people live in the foothills and seacoast of the Sierra Madre near the town of Casiguran, Aurora Province."", ""Coordinates"": [[16.227, 122.063]]}",,,bib3418,yes 9689-location-2,9689,location,"{""Places"": [""Philippines""]}",,,bib67,no -9689-speaker_number-1,9689,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3400,yes -9689-speakers-1,9689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3400,yes +9689-speaker_number-1,9689,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib3418,yes +9689-speakers-1,9689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~600"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib3418,yes 9689-speaker_number-2,9689,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,(T. Headland),bib67,no 9689-speakers-2,9689,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""610"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,(T. Headland),bib67,no -9689-LEI-1,9689,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3400,yes -9689-transmission-1,9689,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3400,yes -9689-domains_of_use-1,9689,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3400,yes -9689-speaker_number_trends-1,9689,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3400,yes -9689-vitality-1,9689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3400,yes +9689-LEI-1,9689,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3418,yes +9689-transmission-1,9689,transmission,1,transmission-1,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3418,yes +9689-domains_of_use-1,9689,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3418,yes +9689-speaker_number_trends-1,9689,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3418,yes +9689-vitality-1,9689,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While children usually speak Agta, Increases in the number of community members marrying outside the community has decreased inter-generational transmission. With such low speaker numbers a 40%% intermarriage rate, where children of Agta speakers don't speak Agta, is considered significant by Headland.",bib3418,yes 9689-LEI-2,9689,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 9689-vitality-2,9689,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no -9709-location-1,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Chiquimulilla, Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Xinca is still spoken in Guazacapan (by less than 100 persons), and by only one man in Chiquimulilla (Vicente Morrales, 91). The language had a much wider distribution, but is now quite moribund. It was spoken in Yupiltepeque, but is probably extinct or nearly extinct there. The Yupiltepeque variety is fairly distinct from the others. Xinca was also spoken in Sinacantan, Taxisco, Jumay, Santa Maria Ixhuatan, and San Juan Tecuaco. Some of these may still have speakers.""}",,,bib1447,no -9709-location-2,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Present-day members of Xinkan communities occupy the same\nterritory on the Pacific coast of Guatemala in the departments of Santa Rosa, Jutiapa, and Jalapa as their ancestors did at the time of the Spanish invasion. However, initial research on place names indicates that the Xinkan speakers probably occupied a larger territory in the distant past. \n\nGuazacap\u00e1n lies at the intersection of the Guatemalan highland region and the Pacific Coastal Plains. Chiquimulilla is approximately 5 kilometers to the east, Jumaytepeque 35 kilometers to the north, and Yupiltepeque 69 kilometers to the northeast.""}",,,bib6344,yes -9709-location-3,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Chiquimulilla""}",,,bib1451,no +9709-location-1,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Chiquimulilla, Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Xinca is still spoken in Guazacapan (by less than 100 persons), and by only one man in Chiquimulilla (Vicente Morrales, 91). The language had a much wider distribution, but is now quite moribund. It was spoken in Yupiltepeque, but is probably extinct or nearly extinct there. The Yupiltepeque variety is fairly distinct from the others. Xinca was also spoken in Sinacantan, Taxisco, Jumay, Santa Maria Ixhuatan, and San Juan Tecuaco. Some of these may still have speakers.""}",,,bib1459,no +9709-location-2,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Present-day members of Xinkan communities occupy the same\nterritory on the Pacific coast of Guatemala in the departments of Santa Rosa, Jutiapa, and Jalapa as their ancestors did at the time of the Spanish invasion. However, initial research on place names indicates that the Xinkan speakers probably occupied a larger territory in the distant past. \n\nGuazacap\u00e1n lies at the intersection of the Guatemalan highland region and the Pacific Coastal Plains. Chiquimulilla is approximately 5 kilometers to the east, Jumaytepeque 35 kilometers to the north, and Yupiltepeque 69 kilometers to the northeast.""}",,,bib6368,yes +9709-location-3,9709,location,"{""Places"": [""Guatemala""], ""Description"": ""Chiquimulilla""}",,,bib1463,no 9709-location-4,9709,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[14.08502, -90.380464]]}",,,bib75,no -9709-speaker_number-1,9709,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1447,no -9709-speakers-1,9709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1447,no +9709-speaker_number-1,9709,speaker_number,5,speaker_number-5,,bib1459,no +9709-speakers-1,9709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1-9""}",,,bib1459,no 9709-speakers-2,9709,speakers,"{""Date Of Info"": ""2010"", ""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening"", ""Semi Speakers"": ""Possibly exist"", ""Elders"": ""'Rememberers'""}",,"Chiquimulilla has recently become extinct; the last fully fluent speakers survived to the late 1970s. Sachse (2010:58) on reporting about her personal fieldwork affirms that semispeakers of this variety of Xinkan were living as late as 2000-2003; however, it is not clear how the competency of these speakers is to be measured from Sachses's report, principally because some of the reported speakers belong to the Guazacapán community and not the Chiquimulilla community. -Remembers are those older members of the Xinkan community who are themselves not speakers of any of the Xinkan languages, but who remember a relatively recent historical time when the Xinkan languages were used in public spheres of communication.",bib6344,yes -9709-speakers-3,9709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1451,no -9709-LEI-1,9709,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1447,no -9709-vitality-1,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1447,no -9709-LEI-2,9709,LEI,Awakening (),,Over the last 100 years there has been a sharp decline in the number of native speakers of Xinkan languages (see Sachse 2010:35-8 for a good overview of historical census figures of the Xinkan population).,bib6344,yes -9709-vitality-2,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Over the last 100 years there has been a sharp decline in the number of native speakers of Xinkan languages (see Sachse 2010:35-8 for a good overview of historical census figures of the Xinkan population).,bib6344,yes -9709-LEI-3,9709,LEI,Awakening (),,Ceased to be spoken as a native language in the 1970s.,bib1451,no -9709-vitality-3,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Ceased to be spoken as a native language in the 1970s.,bib1451,no -9729-context-1,9729,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Brunei Malay is used in most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Brunei Malay and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost the entire community speaks Brunei Malay, and many speak English""}",,,bib1750,yes +Remembers are those older members of the Xinkan community who are themselves not speakers of any of the Xinkan languages, but who remember a relatively recent historical time when the Xinkan languages were used in public spheres of communication.",bib6368,yes +9709-speakers-3,9709,speakers,"{""Speaker Number"": ""Awakening""}",,,bib1463,no +9709-LEI-1,9709,LEI,"Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1459,no +9709-vitality-1,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""critically endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1459,no +9709-LEI-2,9709,LEI,Awakening (),,Over the last 100 years there has been a sharp decline in the number of native speakers of Xinkan languages (see Sachse 2010:35-8 for a good overview of historical census figures of the Xinkan population).,bib6368,yes +9709-vitality-2,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Over the last 100 years there has been a sharp decline in the number of native speakers of Xinkan languages (see Sachse 2010:35-8 for a good overview of historical census figures of the Xinkan population).,bib6368,yes +9709-LEI-3,9709,LEI,Awakening (),,Ceased to be spoken as a native language in the 1970s.,bib1463,no +9709-vitality-3,9709,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""awakening""}}",,Ceased to be spoken as a native language in the 1970s.,bib1463,no +9729-context-1,9729,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Brunei Malay is used in most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Brunei Malay and English"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Almost the entire community speaks Brunei Malay, and many speak English""}",,,bib1762,yes 9729-context-2,9729,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Brunei Malay [kxd]""}",,Shifting to Brunei Malay [kxd].,bib69,no -9729-location-1,9729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""Belait and Tutong districts. Kuala Balai and Labi villages. In the past 50 years many speakers have moved to the coastal oil towns of Seria and Kuala Belait. Also found in the village of Mungkom."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.582, 114.233], [4.454, 114.32], [4.731, 114.742]]}",,,bib1750,yes +9729-location-1,9729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brunei""], ""Description"": ""Belait and Tutong districts. Kuala Balai and Labi villages. In the past 50 years many speakers have moved to the coastal oil towns of Seria and Kuala Belait. Also found in the village of Mungkom."", ""Coordinates"": [[4.582, 114.233], [4.454, 114.32], [4.731, 114.742]]}",,,bib1762,yes 9729-location-2,9729,location,"{""Places"": [""Brunei"", ""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""In Brunei: \""Scattered in Belait District; Tutong District in Kampung Kiudang.\"" In Malaysia: \""Sarawak.\""""}",,,bib69,no -9729-speaker_number-1,9729,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1750,yes -9729-speakers-1,9729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1750,yes +9729-speaker_number-1,9729,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1762,yes +9729-speakers-1,9729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""700"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1995"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1762,yes 9729-speaker_number-2,9729,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"1,000 in Brunei.",bib69,no 9729-speakers-2,9729,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">1,000?"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"1,000 in Brunei.",bib69,no -9729-LEI-1,9729,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1750,yes -9729-transmission-1,9729,transmission,4,transmission-4,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1750,yes -9729-domains_of_use-1,9729,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1750,yes -9729-speaker_number_trends-1,9729,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1750,yes -9729-vitality-1,9729,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1750,yes +9729-LEI-1,9729,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1762,yes +9729-transmission-1,9729,transmission,4,transmission-4,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1762,yes +9729-domains_of_use-1,9729,domains_of_use,4,domains_of_use-4,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1762,yes +9729-speaker_number_trends-1,9729,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1762,yes +9729-vitality-1,9729,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"According to Clynes, all dialects of Belait are now threatened with extinction, with the language, like other minority languages in Brunei, being displaced by Brunei Malay. Additionally, Peter Martin reported in 1995 that more than 90%% of ethnically Belait parents interviewed reported that they used Brunei Malay rather than Belait as the language of primary communication with their offspring, who generally do not speak the language.",bib1762,yes 9729-LEI-2,9729,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9729-vitality-2,9729,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9749-context-1,9749,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used everywhere except in the home and with other Bintulu community members""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nearly the entire community is bilingual in Bintulu and Malay. A large portion also use English."", ""Government Support"": ""Not an official language. Not used at any level of government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is Bilingual""}",,"Twenty years ago Bintulu was a small fishing town. Today, it is a quickly developing industrial center for oil and gas production.",bib2909,yes -9749-location-1,9749,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""In and around the town of Bintulu, in the province of Sarawak on the Island of Borneo. Bintulu is located at the mouth of the Kemena River. Spoken in the following villages around urban Bintulu: Kampong Masjid, Kampong Sinong, Kampong Datuk, Kampong Sibiew, Kampong Baru, Kampong Jepak, KampongSebuan, Kampong Batu Sepuluh, and Kidurung"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.19057, 113.0901109]]}",,,bib2909,yes -9749-speaker_number-1,9749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population numbers are hard to pin down. Bintulu speakers are grouped under the umbrella term ""Melanau"" in official census data. Most sources list 4,200 as the number of speakers.",bib2909,yes -9749-speakers-1,9749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population numbers are hard to pin down. Bintulu speakers are grouped under the umbrella term ""Melanau"" in official census data. Most sources list 4,200 as the number of speakers.",bib2909,yes -9749-speaker_number-2,9749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3361,no -9749-speakers-2,9749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3361,no -9749-LEI-1,9749,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2909,yes -9749-transmission-1,9749,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2909,yes -9749-domains_of_use-1,9749,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2909,yes -9749-speaker_number_trends-1,9749,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2909,yes -9749-vitality-1,9749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2909,yes -9749-LEI-2,9749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3361,no -9749-vitality-2,9749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3361,no +9749-context-1,9749,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Malay is used everywhere except in the home and with other Bintulu community members""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Nearly the entire community is bilingual in Bintulu and Malay. A large portion also use English."", ""Government Support"": ""Not an official language. Not used at any level of government"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive attitudes"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is Bilingual""}",,"Twenty years ago Bintulu was a small fishing town. Today, it is a quickly developing industrial center for oil and gas production.",bib2923,yes +9749-location-1,9749,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""In and around the town of Bintulu, in the province of Sarawak on the Island of Borneo. Bintulu is located at the mouth of the Kemena River. Spoken in the following villages around urban Bintulu: Kampong Masjid, Kampong Sinong, Kampong Datuk, Kampong Sibiew, Kampong Baru, Kampong Jepak, KampongSebuan, Kampong Batu Sepuluh, and Kidurung"", ""Coordinates"": [[3.19057, 113.0901109]]}",,,bib2923,yes +9749-speaker_number-1,9749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"Population numbers are hard to pin down. Bintulu speakers are grouped under the umbrella term ""Melanau"" in official census data. Most sources list 4,200 as the number of speakers.",bib2923,yes +9749-speakers-1,9749,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""16,156"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"Population numbers are hard to pin down. Bintulu speakers are grouped under the umbrella term ""Melanau"" in official census data. Most sources list 4,200 as the number of speakers.",bib2923,yes +9749-speaker_number-2,9749,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,,bib3379,no +9749-speakers-2,9749,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""4,200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,,bib3379,no +9749-LEI-1,9749,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2923,yes +9749-transmission-1,9749,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2923,yes +9749-domains_of_use-1,9749,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2923,yes +9749-speaker_number_trends-1,9749,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2923,yes +9749-vitality-1,9749,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The language is generally strong. Children learn the language and use it at home and with other Bintulu speakers. The social situation however, may be shifting against Bintulu. Malay is by far the main langauge of use in the town of Bintulu. Bintulu is spoken by a very small population that is almost entirely bilingual in Malay.",bib2923,yes +9749-LEI-2,9749,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib3379,no +9749-vitality-2,9749,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib3379,no 9769-context-1,9769,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Iban [iba]""}",,,bib69,no -9769-location-1,9769,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Long Kiput, Long Tutoh, or Kuala Tutoh"", ""Coordinates"": [[4.0, 114.4]]}",,"The entire language community reportedly resides in a single longhouse known variously as Long Kiput, Long Tutoh, or Kuala Tutoh, located on the main branch of the Baram River about one kilometer from its junction with the Tutoh in Sarawak's Fourth Division. The nearest major settlements are the Kenyah longhouse of Long Ikang further up the Baram, and the more recent Iban settlement of Belahui, some distance up the Tutoh, which probably was established sometime early in the twentieth century.",bib1057,yes +9769-location-1,9769,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Long Kiput, Long Tutoh, or Kuala Tutoh"", ""Coordinates"": [[4.0, 114.4]]}",,"The entire language community reportedly resides in a single longhouse known variously as Long Kiput, Long Tutoh, or Kuala Tutoh, located on the main branch of the Baram River about one kilometer from its junction with the Tutoh in Sarawak's Fourth Division. The nearest major settlements are the Kenyah longhouse of Long Ikang further up the Baram, and the more recent Iban settlement of Belahui, some distance up the Tutoh, which probably was established sometime early in the twentieth century.",bib1061,yes 9769-location-2,9769,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Sarawak, south of Marudi, Benawa and Kuala Tutoh villages.""}",,,bib69,no -9769-speaker_number-1,9769,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1057,yes -9769-speakers-1,9769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1057,yes +9769-speaker_number-1,9769,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib1061,yes +9769-speakers-1,9769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""450"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib1061,yes 9769-speaker_number-2,9769,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 9769-speakers-2,9769,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""2,460"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -9769-LEI-1,9769,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1057,yes -9769-vitality-1,9769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1057,yes +9769-LEI-1,9769,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib1061,yes +9769-vitality-1,9769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib1061,yes 9769-LEI-2,9769,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9769-vitality-2,9769,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9789-context-1,9789,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Remun is used in the home. Other languages are generally reserved for outside the home and community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Iban, Malay (Sarawak Malay and standard Malay), English, Bintulu, Dayak"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Possitive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is proficient in Remun, Iban, and Malay.""}",,,bib1938,yes -9789-location-1,9789,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Sarawak's Remun community occupy a cluster of villages southeast of the town of Serian. About 3,600 Remun live along the Krang raver and its tributaries. The villages where Remun is spoken, along with the population is, Tipen 75, Lebor 805, Remun 605, Triboh 601, Belimbin A 274, Antayan Kropok 103, Belimbin B 172, Antayan Sarawak 103, Semukoi A 240, Antayan Kerasik 56, Antayan Liun 153, Tanah Mawang 160, Stigang Semukoi B 195."", ""Coordinates"": [[1.13, 110.61]]}",,,bib1938,yes -9789-speaker_number-1,9789,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This study focuses on Kampong Rimun, an area that has resisted settlement of outside groups. The language is strongest in this community, but other communities have seen a far greater number of Iban migrants and intermarriage. Outside of the core population in this village, the linguistics situation is less positive.",bib1938,yes -9789-speakers-1,9789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3542"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3542"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This study focuses on Kampong Rimun, an area that has resisted settlement of outside groups. The language is strongest in this community, but other communities have seen a far greater number of Iban migrants and intermarriage. Outside of the core population in this village, the linguistics situation is less positive.",bib1938,yes -9789-LEI-1,9789,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1938,yes -9789-transmission-1,9789,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1938,yes -9789-domains_of_use-1,9789,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1938,yes -9789-speaker_number_trends-1,9789,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1938,yes -9789-vitality-1,9789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1938,yes -9809-context-1,9809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin is used in most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin and English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed attidudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Tok Pisin and English are the languages of education"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Tok Pisin""}",,,bib8235,no -9809-context-2,9809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bebeli is replaced with Tok Pisin in all domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral - Some of them want to speak, but they can\u2019t because they didn\u2019t learn it. People claim that it is too hard to learn Bebeli. They are aware of the loss of their language, so they are very interested in documenting it before it gets extinct."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6549,yes +9789-context-1,9789,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Remun is used in the home. Other languages are generally reserved for outside the home and community.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Iban, Malay (Sarawak Malay and standard Malay), English, Bintulu, Dayak"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Possitive"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community is proficient in Remun, Iban, and Malay.""}",,,bib1950,yes +9789-location-1,9789,location,"{""Places"": [""Malaysia""], ""Description"": ""Sarawak's Remun community occupy a cluster of villages southeast of the town of Serian. About 3,600 Remun live along the Krang raver and its tributaries. The villages where Remun is spoken, along with the population is, Tipen 75, Lebor 805, Remun 605, Triboh 601, Belimbin A 274, Antayan Kropok 103, Belimbin B 172, Antayan Sarawak 103, Semukoi A 240, Antayan Kerasik 56, Antayan Liun 153, Tanah Mawang 160, Stigang Semukoi B 195."", ""Coordinates"": [[1.13, 110.61]]}",,,bib1950,yes +9789-speaker_number-1,9789,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This study focuses on Kampong Rimun, an area that has resisted settlement of outside groups. The language is strongest in this community, but other communities have seen a far greater number of Iban migrants and intermarriage. Outside of the core population in this village, the linguistics situation is less positive.",bib1950,yes +9789-speakers-1,9789,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3542"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""3542"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This study focuses on Kampong Rimun, an area that has resisted settlement of outside groups. The language is strongest in this community, but other communities have seen a far greater number of Iban migrants and intermarriage. Outside of the core population in this village, the linguistics situation is less positive.",bib1950,yes +9789-LEI-1,9789,LEI,"Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1950,yes +9789-transmission-1,9789,transmission,0,transmission-0,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1950,yes +9789-domains_of_use-1,9789,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1950,yes +9789-speaker_number_trends-1,9789,speaker_number_trends,1,speaker_number_trends-1,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1950,yes +9789-vitality-1,9789,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"The Remun inhabit a complex polyglossic linguistic environment and most interact using a variety of codes on a daily basis. Outside of Kampong Remun, the younger generation uses Iban almost exclusively. The area used in this study represents the core of Ramun resistance to Iban linguistic influence.",bib1950,yes +9809-context-1,9809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Tok Pisin is used in most domains""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin and English"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Mixed attidudes"", ""Institutional Support"": ""Tok Pisin and English are the languages of education"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Nearly the entire community speaks Tok Pisin""}",,,bib8260,no +9809-context-2,9809,context,"{""Domains Other Langs"": [""Bebeli is replaced with Tok Pisin in all domains.""], ""Other Languages Used"": ""Tok Pisin; English"", ""Government Support"": ""no"", ""Speaker Attitude"": ""Neutral - Some of them want to speak, but they can\u2019t because they didn\u2019t learn it. People claim that it is too hard to learn Bebeli. They are aware of the loss of their language, so they are very interested in documenting it before it gets extinct."", ""Institutional Support"": ""no"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""all""}",,,bib6573,yes 9809-location-1,9809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""\""West New Britain Province, Stettin Bay, Cape Hoskins area.'""}",,,bib69,no -9809-location-2,9809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""There are three villages in the Bebeli area: Morokea, Mosa, and Banaule. The villages are spread out over about 9.5 miles (15 kilometers) from the westmost to the eastmost."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.626, 150.237]]}",,,bib8235,no -9809-location-3,9809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea, West New Britain province""], ""Description"": ""spoken in three villages: Morokea, Mosa and Banaule"", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.33534, 150.10173], [-5.39172, 150.152181], [-5.304133, 150.201489]]}",,,bib6549,yes +9809-location-2,9809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea""], ""Description"": ""There are three villages in the Bebeli area: Morokea, Mosa, and Banaule. The villages are spread out over about 9.5 miles (15 kilometers) from the westmost to the eastmost."", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.626, 150.237]]}",,,bib8260,no +9809-location-3,9809,location,"{""Places"": [""Papua New Guinea, West New Britain province""], ""Description"": ""spoken in three villages: Morokea, Mosa and Banaule"", ""Coordinates"": [[-5.33534, 150.10173], [-5.39172, 150.152181], [-5.304133, 150.201489]]}",,,bib6573,yes 9809-speaker_number-1,9809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(SIL),bib69,no 9809-speakers-1,9809,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""1,050"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1982"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(SIL),bib69,no -9809-speaker_number-2,9809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This number does not reflect the number of speakers. The population of immigrants in this area is growing rapidly because of the growth of the oil palm plantation industry, and approximately 13 percent of the adult population is composed of immigrants from other parts of New Britain as well as elsewhere in Papua New Guinea.",bib8235,no -9809-speakers-2,9809,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,193"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,193"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This number does not reflect the number of speakers. The population of immigrants in this area is growing rapidly because of the growth of the oil palm plantation industry, and approximately 13 percent of the adult population is composed of immigrants from other parts of New Britain as well as elsewhere in Papua New Guinea.",bib8235,no -9809-speaker_number-3,9809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number includes native and non-native speakers. Only four remaining fluent speakers with solid knowledge of the language and traditional concepts; those between 60s-70s speak the language, but mix with Tok Pisin; those between 40s-60s heavily use Tok Pisin, and make a lot of grammatical mistakes; those between 20s-40s are L2 speakers of Bebeli; those under 20s hardly speak or understand the language.",bib6549,yes -9809-speakers-3,9809,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3064 (total polulation of the Bebeli-speaking region: 3831; about 80% of them are ethnic Bebeli. But lots of immigrants have moved in in recent years.)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""4 over 70s; maybe 10-30 in their 60s.""}",,"Speaker number includes native and non-native speakers. Only four remaining fluent speakers with solid knowledge of the language and traditional concepts; those between 60s-70s speak the language, but mix with Tok Pisin; those between 40s-60s heavily use Tok Pisin, and make a lot of grammatical mistakes; those between 20s-40s are L2 speakers of Bebeli; those under 20s hardly speak or understand the language.",bib6549,yes +9809-speaker_number-2,9809,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,"This number does not reflect the number of speakers. The population of immigrants in this area is growing rapidly because of the growth of the oil palm plantation industry, and approximately 13 percent of the adult population is composed of immigrants from other parts of New Britain as well as elsewhere in Papua New Guinea.",bib8260,no +9809-speakers-2,9809,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3,193"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""<3,193"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"This number does not reflect the number of speakers. The population of immigrants in this area is growing rapidly because of the growth of the oil palm plantation industry, and approximately 13 percent of the adult population is composed of immigrants from other parts of New Britain as well as elsewhere in Papua New Guinea.",bib8260,no +9809-speaker_number-3,9809,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Speaker number includes native and non-native speakers. Only four remaining fluent speakers with solid knowledge of the language and traditional concepts; those between 60s-70s speak the language, but mix with Tok Pisin; those between 40s-60s heavily use Tok Pisin, and make a lot of grammatical mistakes; those between 20s-40s are L2 speakers of Bebeli; those under 20s hardly speak or understand the language.",bib6573,yes +9809-speakers-3,9809,speakers,"{""Ethnic Population"": ""3064 (total polulation of the Bebeli-speaking region: 3831; about 80% of them are ethnic Bebeli. But lots of immigrants have moved in in recent years.)"", ""Speaker Number Text"": ""780"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2014"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999"", ""Elders"": ""4 over 70s; maybe 10-30 in their 60s.""}",,"Speaker number includes native and non-native speakers. Only four remaining fluent speakers with solid knowledge of the language and traditional concepts; those between 60s-70s speak the language, but mix with Tok Pisin; those between 40s-60s heavily use Tok Pisin, and make a lot of grammatical mistakes; those between 20s-40s are L2 speakers of Bebeli; those under 20s hardly speak or understand the language.",bib6573,yes 9809-LEI-1,9809,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9809-vitality-1,9809,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9809-LEI-2,9809,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8235,no -9809-transmission-2,9809,transmission,3,transmission-3,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8235,no -9809-domains_of_use-2,9809,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8235,no -9809-speaker_number_trends-2,9809,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8235,no -9809-vitality-2,9809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8235,no -9809-LEI-3,9809,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6549,yes -9809-transmission-3,9809,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6549,yes -9809-domains_of_use-3,9809,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6549,yes -9809-speaker_number_trends-3,9809,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6549,yes -9809-vitality-3,9809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6549,yes -981-context-2,981,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kunwinjku"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All speakers are bilingual in English.,bib5309,no -981-location-1,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land in Northern Australia :: Croker Island in Northern Territory""]}",,,bib2510,yes +9809-LEI-2,9809,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8260,no +9809-transmission-2,9809,transmission,3,transmission-3,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8260,no +9809-domains_of_use-2,9809,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8260,no +9809-speaker_number_trends-2,9809,speaker_number_trends,3,speaker_number_trends-3,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8260,no +9809-vitality-2,9809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,"While Bebeli is still the primary language used in traditional events, Tok Pisin is used in “nearly every domain”. Children and young adults speak only Tok Pisin. Middle-aged adults and older adults speak Bebeli and Tok Pisin",bib8260,no +9809-LEI-3,9809,LEI,"Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6573,yes +9809-transmission-3,9809,transmission,4,transmission-4,,bib6573,yes +9809-domains_of_use-3,9809,domains_of_use,5,domains_of_use-5,,bib6573,yes +9809-speaker_number_trends-3,9809,speaker_number_trends,4,speaker_number_trends-4,,bib6573,yes +9809-vitality-3,9809,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""severely endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6573,yes +981-context-2,981,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""English, Kunwinjku"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""All""}",,All speakers are bilingual in English.,bib5332,no +981-location-1,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land in Northern Australia :: Croker Island in Northern Territory""]}",,,bib2523,yes 981-location-2,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia""]}",,,bib67,no -981-location-3,981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4407565, 132.5594586]]}",,,bib1182,no -981-location-4,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Cobourg Peninsula region of the Northern Territory, Australia""]}",,,bib6983,no -981-location-5,981,location,"{""Description"": ""An area extending roughly to Oenpelli and Jabiru and Darwin in the south, Cobourg Peninsula in the Northwest, and Maningrida in the east.""}",,,bib2937,no -981-location-6,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, Croker Island.""]}",,,bib5309,no -981-speaker_number-1,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Evans expresses hope about young learners: ""more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing.""",bib2510,yes -981-speakers-1,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Evans expresses hope about young learners: ""more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing.""",bib2510,yes -981-speaker_number-2,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7422,no -981-speakers-2,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7422,no +981-location-3,981,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-11.4407565, 132.5594586]]}",,,bib1191,no +981-location-4,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Cobourg Peninsula region of the Northern Territory, Australia""]}",,,bib7007,no +981-location-5,981,location,"{""Description"": ""An area extending roughly to Oenpelli and Jabiru and Darwin in the south, Cobourg Peninsula in the Northwest, and Maningrida in the east.""}",,,bib2951,no +981-location-6,981,location,"{""Places"": [""Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, Croker Island.""]}",,,bib5332,no +981-speaker_number-1,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Evans expresses hope about young learners: ""more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing.""",bib2523,yes +981-speakers-1,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Evans expresses hope about young learners: ""more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing.""",bib2523,yes +981-speaker_number-2,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib7446,no +981-speakers-2,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""380"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib7446,no 981-speaker_number-3,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 981-speakers-3,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).,bib67,no 981-speaker_number-4,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib34,no 981-speakers-4,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""134"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib34,no -981-speaker_number-5,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2511,no -981-speakers-5,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2511,no -981-speaker_number-6,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5307,no -981-speakers-6,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5307,no +981-speaker_number-5,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib2524,no +981-speakers-5,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib2524,no +981-speaker_number-6,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib5330,no +981-speakers-6,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib5330,no 981-speaker_number-7,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,,bib233,no 981-speakers-7,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""150"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,,bib233,no -981-speaker_number-8,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language",bib2937,no -981-speakers-8,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language",bib2937,no -981-speaker_number-9,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150...",bib5309,no -981-speakers-9,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150...",bib5309,no -981-LEI-1,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2510,yes -981-vitality-1,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2510,yes -981-LEI-2,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7422,no -981-vitality-2,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7422,no +981-speaker_number-8,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language",bib2951,no +981-speakers-8,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""<200"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language",bib2951,no +981-speaker_number-9,981,speaker_number,3,speaker_number-3,"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150...",bib5332,no +981-speakers-9,981,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""~150"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1983"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100-999""}",,"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150...",bib5332,no +981-LEI-1,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2523,yes +981-vitality-1,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2523,yes +981-LEI-2,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7446,no +981-vitality-2,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7446,no 981-LEI-3,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib67,no 981-vitality-3,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib67,no 981-LEI-4,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib34,no 981-vitality-4,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib34,no -981-LEI-5,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2511,no -981-vitality-5,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2511,no -981-LEI-6,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5307,no -981-vitality-6,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5307,no +981-LEI-5,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2524,no +981-vitality-5,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2524,no +981-LEI-6,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib5330,no +981-vitality-6,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib5330,no 981-LEI-7,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib233,no 981-vitality-7,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib233,no -981-LEI-8,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2937,no -981-vitality-8,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2937,no -981-LEI-9,981,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -981-transmission-9,981,transmission,0,transmission-0,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -981-domains_of_use-9,981,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -981-speaker_number_trends-9,981,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -981-vitality-9,981,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5309,no -9829-context-1,9829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""The community speaks Mainstream Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language."", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community also speak Mainstream Kenyah and Indonesian.""}",,,bib6958,yes +981-LEI-8,981,LEI,"Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2951,no +981-vitality-8,981,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2951,no +981-LEI-9,981,LEI,"Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +981-transmission-9,981,transmission,0,transmission-0,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +981-domains_of_use-9,981,domains_of_use,3,domains_of_use-3,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +981-speaker_number_trends-9,981,speaker_number_trends,5,speaker_number_trends-5,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +981-vitality-9,981,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""All members of the community, including children, speak the language."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used mainly just in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered.,bib5332,no +9829-context-1,9829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""The community speaks Mainstream Kenyah and Indonesian, the national language."", ""Government Support"": ""none"", ""Institutional Support"": ""none"", ""Number Speaker Other Languages"": ""Most of the community also speak Mainstream Kenyah and Indonesian.""}",,,bib6982,yes 9829-context-2,9829,context,"{""Other Languages Used"": ""Mainstream Kenyah (Lepo Tau\u2019 dialect) [xkl]""}",,,bib69,no -9829-location-1,9829,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.99, 117.22]]}",,,bib6958,yes +9829-location-1,9829,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Coordinates"": [[2.99, 117.22]]}",,,bib6982,yes 9829-location-2,9829,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Kalimantan Timur Province, Malinau regency, Pimping, Long Setulang, Batu Kajang, Long Uli, and Long Belua villages. Middle Malinau river.""}",,,bib69,no -9829-speaker_number-1,9829,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Uma' Lung is under threat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. They face significant discrimination.,bib6958,yes -9829-speakers-1,9829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Uma' Lung is under threat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. They face significant discrimination.,bib6958,yes +9829-speaker_number-1,9829,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,Uma' Lung is under threat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. They face significant discrimination.,bib6982,yes +9829-speakers-1,9829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,Uma' Lung is under threat because of the migration of Kenyah people from their original villages in the upper reaches of the rivers to coastal locations. They face significant discrimination.,bib6982,yes 9829-speaker_number-2,9829,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,(Soriente 2006),bib69,no 9829-speakers-2,9829,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""3,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2006"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,(Soriente 2006),bib69,no -9829-LEI-1,9829,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6958,yes -9829-transmission-1,9829,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6958,yes -9829-domains_of_use-1,9829,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6958,yes -9829-speaker_number_trends-1,9829,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6958,yes -9829-vitality-1,9829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6958,yes +9829-LEI-1,9829,LEI,"Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib6982,yes +9829-transmission-1,9829,transmission,1,transmission-1,,bib6982,yes +9829-domains_of_use-1,9829,domains_of_use,2,domains_of_use-2,,bib6982,yes +9829-speaker_number_trends-1,9829,speaker_number_trends,0,speaker_number_trends-0,,bib6982,yes +9829-vitality-1,9829,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Most adults and some children are speakers."", ""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members."", ""Speaker Number Trends"": ""Almost all community members or members of the ethnic group speak the language, and speaker numbers are stable or increasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 1.0}}",,,bib6982,yes 9829-LEI-2,9829,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9829-vitality-2,9829,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no 9849-location-1,9849,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""North Oaxaca, San Lucas Ojitl\u00e1n, 4 towns and 15 hamlets; Veracruz, Hidalgotitl\u00e1n and Minatitl\u00e1n municipalities. Most relocated because a dam flooded their land in 1991.""}",,,bib69,yes @@ -65890,2131 +66094,2136 @@ Remembers are those older members of the Xinkan community who are themselves not 9871-speakers-1,9871,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""7,410"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,"(INALI). ""2,200 monolinguals.""",bib69,yes 9871-LEI-1,9871,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 9871-vitality-1,9871,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -9872-location-1,9872,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Felipe Usila and in Santa Cruz Tepetotutla"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.904915, -96.527359], [17.734953, -96.594651]]}",,,bib8212,no +9872-location-1,9872,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Felipe Usila and in Santa Cruz Tepetotutla"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.904915, -96.527359], [17.734953, -96.594651]]}",,,bib8237,no 9872-speaker_number-1,9872,speaker_number,2,speaker_number-2,All ages. The speaker number is calculated from several language pages in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9872-speakers-1,9872,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""9,260"", ""Speaker Number"": ""1000-9999""}",,All ages. The speaker number is calculated from several language pages in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9872-LEI-1,9872,LEI,"Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 9872-vitality-1,9872,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,yes -9873-location-1,9873,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Felipe Usila; San Jos\u00e9 Chiltepec; the San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional region, specifically: San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional; San Juan Lealao; San Juan Palantla"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.949463, -96.167328]]}",,,bib8212,no +9873-location-1,9873,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Felipe Usila; San Jos\u00e9 Chiltepec; the San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional region, specifically: San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional; San Juan Lealao; San Juan Palantla"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.949463, -96.167328]]}",,,bib8237,no 9873-speaker_number-1,9873,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker number gathered from several language entries in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9873-speakers-1,9873,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""34,852"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker number gathered from several language entries in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9873-LEI-1,9873,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,No monolinguals,bib69,yes 9873-vitality-1,9873,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,No monolinguals,bib69,yes 9874-context-1,9874,context,"{""Speaker Attitude"": ""Positive""}",,,bib69,yes -9874-location-1,9874,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional, San Juan Quiotepec, and Santiago Comaltepec"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.775007, -96.307712], [17.627008, -96.593399], [17.569248, -96.54685]]}",,,bib8212,no +9874-location-1,9874,location,"{""Places"": [""Mexico""], ""Description"": ""Spoken in San Juan Bautista Valle Nacional, San Juan Quiotepec, and Santiago Comaltepec"", ""Coordinates"": [[17.775007, -96.307712], [17.627008, -96.593399], [17.569248, -96.54685]]}",,,bib8237,no 9874-speaker_number-1,9874,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,Speaker numbers were calculated by adding numbers from several individual language pages in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9874-speakers-1,9874,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,440"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,Speaker numbers were calculated by adding numbers from several individual language pages in Ethnologue.,bib69,yes 9874-LEI-1,9874,LEI,"Vulnerable (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,yes 9874-domains_of_use-1,9874,domains_of_use,0,domains_of_use-0,,bib69,yes 9874-vitality-1,9874,vitality,"{""Domains Of Use"": ""Used in most domains, including official ones such as government, mass media, education, etc."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib69,yes -9909-location-1,9909,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island""}",,,bib7244,yes -9909-location-2,9909,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; The west-central part of the island; inland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.576376, 119.586182]]}",,,bib4511,no +9909-location-1,9909,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island""}",,,bib7268,yes +9909-location-2,9909,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; The west-central part of the island; inland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.576376, 119.586182]]}",,,bib4532,no 9909-location-3,9909,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Sumba island, southwest coast, east of Wanukaka.""}",,,bib69,no -9909-speaker_number-1,9909,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Approximately 25,000 speakers on Sumba island. The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7244,yes -9909-speakers-1,9909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Approximately 25,000 speakers on Sumba island. The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7244,yes +9909-speaker_number-1,9909,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"Approximately 25,000 speakers on Sumba island. The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7268,yes +9909-speakers-1,9909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">25,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"Approximately 25,000 speakers on Sumba island. The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7268,yes 9909-speaker_number-2,9909,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,no 9909-speakers-2,9909,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""16,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,no -9909-LEI-1,9909,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7244,yes -9909-vitality-1,9909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7244,yes +9909-LEI-1,9909,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib7268,yes +9909-vitality-1,9909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib7268,yes 9909-LEI-2,9909,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9909-vitality-2,9909,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9929-location-1,9929,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island.""}",,,bib7244,yes -9929-location-2,9929,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; mid-westerly part of the island; inland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.392161, 119.533997]]}",,,bib4511,no +9929-location-1,9929,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island.""}",,,bib7268,yes +9929-location-2,9929,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; mid-westerly part of the island; inland."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.392161, 119.533997]]}",,,bib4532,no 9929-location-3,9929,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; northwest Sumba island, coastal area, Memboro town.""}",,,bib69,no -9929-speaker_number-1,9929,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 speakers on Sumba Island. The number of speakers provided here does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7244,yes -9929-speakers-1,9929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 speakers on Sumba Island. The number of speakers provided here does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7244,yes +9929-speaker_number-1,9929,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"13,000 speakers on Sumba Island. The number of speakers provided here does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7268,yes +9929-speakers-1,9929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">13,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"13,000 speakers on Sumba Island. The number of speakers provided here does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration)",bib7268,yes 9929-speaker_number-2,9929,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,no 9929-speakers-2,9929,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2007"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,no -9929-LEI-1,9929,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7244,yes -9929-transmission-1,9929,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7244,yes -9929-vitality-1,9929,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7244,yes +9929-LEI-1,9929,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7268,yes +9929-transmission-1,9929,transmission,3,transmission-3,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7268,yes +9929-vitality-1,9929,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"Threatened. The rate of population growth was 1.88 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods. This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the average percentage of population growth was 2.10 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib7268,yes 9929-LEI-2,9929,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9929-vitality-2,9929,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9949-location-1,9949,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; on the southern coast of the mid-westerly side of the island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.744249, 119.4104]]}",,,bib4511,no +9949-location-1,9949,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island in Eastern Indonesia; on the southern coast of the mid-westerly side of the island."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.744249, 119.4104]]}",,,bib4532,no 9949-location-2,9949,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; west Sumba island, southwest coast, southeast of Waikabubak city.""}",,,bib69,no -9949-location-3,9949,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island""}",,,bib696,yes +9949-location-3,9949,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island""}",,,bib700,yes 9949-speaker_number-1,9949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no 9949-speakers-1,9949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""10,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1981"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(Wurm and Hattori 1981),bib69,no -9949-speaker_number-2,9949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib696,yes -9949-speakers-2,9949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib696,yes +9949-speaker_number-2,9949,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib700,yes +9949-speakers-2,9949,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""14,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib700,yes 9949-LEI-1,9949,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9949-vitality-1,9949,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9949-LEI-2,9949,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib696,yes -9949-transmission-2,9949,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib696,yes -9949-vitality-2,9949,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib696,yes -9950-location-1,9950,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island, in Eastern Indonesia.""}",,,bib4511,no -9950-location-2,9950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7, 119.34]]}",,,bib3264,no +9949-LEI-2,9949,LEI,"Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib700,yes +9949-transmission-2,9949,transmission,3,transmission-3,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib700,yes +9949-vitality-2,9949,vitality,"{""Transmission"": ""Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""endangered"", ""Certainty"": 0.6}}",,"The rate of population growth was 1.44 percent per annum during 1990-2000 periods.This condition decreased compared to the previous period. In the period of 1980-1990 the percentage of population growth was 2.00 percent per annum. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)",bib700,yes +9950-location-1,9950,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island, in Eastern Indonesia.""}",,,bib4532,no +9950-location-2,9950,location,"{""Coordinates"": [[-9.7, 119.34]]}",,,bib3280,no 9950-location-3,9950,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; Sumba island, southwest coast, southwest of Waikabubak city.""}",,,bib69,no -9950-location-4,9950,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island. The Nggaura or Gaura lexicon shows a mixture of Laboya and Kodi. Nggaura is located in the border between Laboya and Kodi. The Gaura people now have a new district, Laboya Barat, which was previously under the district of Lamboya. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2011)""}",,,bib696,yes +9950-location-4,9950,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island. The Nggaura or Gaura lexicon shows a mixture of Laboya and Kodi. Nggaura is located in the border between Laboya and Kodi. The Gaura people now have a new district, Laboya Barat, which was previously under the district of Lamboya. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2011)""}",,,bib700,yes 9950-speaker_number-1,9950,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,(Grimes et al. 1997),bib69,no 9950-speakers-1,9950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""25,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""1997"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,(Grimes et al. 1997),bib69,no -9950-speaker_number-2,9950,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"23,000 on Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib696,yes -9950-speakers-2,9950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"23,000 on Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib696,yes +9950-speaker_number-2,9950,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,"23,000 on Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib700,yes +9950-speakers-2,9950,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">23,000"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,"23,000 on Sumba Island. (2008 Population Registration) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib700,yes 9950-LEI-1,9950,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9950-vitality-1,9950,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9950-LEI-2,9950,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib696,yes -9950-speaker_number_trends-2,9950,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib696,yes -9950-vitality-2,9950,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib696,yes -9969-location-1,9969,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Western Sumba Island in eastern Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.552, 119.165955]]}",,,bib4211,no +9950-LEI-2,9950,LEI,"Threatened (40 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib700,yes +9950-speaker_number_trends-2,9950,speaker_number_trends,2,speaker_number_trends-2,,bib700,yes +9950-vitality-2,9950,vitality,"{""Speaker Number Trends"": ""A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing."", ""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""threatened"", ""Certainty"": 0.4}}",,,bib700,yes +9969-location-1,9969,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Western Sumba Island in eastern Indonesia."", ""Coordinates"": [[-9.552, 119.165955]]}",,,bib4231,no 9969-location-2,9969,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Nusa Tenggara Timur Province; west Sumba island, interior.""}",,,bib69,no -9969-location-3,9969,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island.\n\nWee Lurri is located at the border between Loli District, Sumba Barat and Mamboro District, Sumba Tengah. People from this place can fluently speak Mamboru, Lolina dialect of Weyewa, and Weyewa itself. Their dialect is similar to Weyewa but it slightly different in intonation and few items in the lexicon. There are about four villages there and maybe 6 to 12 clans of Wee Luri people. It is part of the Mamboro District administratively.\nMbukambero lies in the northern Kodi and under the Kodi Utara District. This area is a border area: in the east is Weyewa, in the southwest is Kodi, and in the north is Loura. Their lexicon is dominated by Weyewa words with few words of Kodi. The majority of them can fluently speak both Kodi and Weyewa.\nThe Tana Maringi dialect is spoken in three regions: Tana Maringi, Ede, and Rara.\nDhikira lies in northern of Nggaura or Gaura and southwestern of Weyewa. \nWaibhangga is located at the border between Tana Righu district and Loli District and part of Loli district administratively. Both districts are under the Sumba Barat regency. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)""}",,,bib2028,yes +9969-location-3,9969,location,"{""Places"": [""Indonesia""], ""Description"": ""Sumba Island.\n\nWee Lurri is located at the border between Loli District, Sumba Barat and Mamboro District, Sumba Tengah. People from this place can fluently speak Mamboru, Lolina dialect of Weyewa, and Weyewa itself. Their dialect is similar to Weyewa but it slightly different in intonation and few items in the lexicon. There are about four villages there and maybe 6 to 12 clans of Wee Luri people. It is part of the Mamboro District administratively.\nMbukambero lies in the northern Kodi and under the Kodi Utara District. This area is a border area: in the east is Weyewa, in the southwest is Kodi, and in the north is Loura. Their lexicon is dominated by Weyewa words with few words of Kodi. The majority of them can fluently speak both Kodi and Weyewa.\nThe Tana Maringi dialect is spoken in three regions: Tana Maringi, Ede, and Rara.\nDhikira lies in northern of Nggaura or Gaura and southwestern of Weyewa. \nWaibhangga is located at the border between Tana Righu district and Loli District and part of Loli district administratively. Both districts are under the Sumba Barat regency. (I Wayan Arka, personal communication, November 2013)""}",,,bib2040,yes 9969-speaker_number-1,9969,speaker_number,1,speaker_number-1,,bib69,no 9969-speakers-1,9969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": ""55,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2011"", ""Speaker Number"": ""10000-99999""}",,,bib69,no -9969-speaker_number-2,9969,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Approximately 240,000 on Sumba Island. (2013 Population Projection) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib2028,yes -9969-speakers-2,9969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">240,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Approximately 240,000 on Sumba Island. (2013 Population Projection) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib2028,yes +9969-speaker_number-2,9969,speaker_number,0,speaker_number-0,"Approximately 240,000 on Sumba Island. (2013 Population Projection) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib2040,yes +9969-speakers-2,9969,speakers,"{""Speaker Number Text"": "">240,000"", ""Date Of Info"": ""2013"", ""Speaker Number"": ""100000""}",,"Approximately 240,000 on Sumba Island. (2013 Population Projection) The number does not include speakers living in places other than Sumba island.",bib2040,yes 9969-LEI-1,9969,LEI,"Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib69,no 9969-vitality-1,9969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""vulnerable"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib69,no -9969-LEI-2,9969,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2028,yes -9969-vitality-2,9969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2028,yes -5318-bib,5318,bib,See Source,,,bib7132;bib8331;bib9, +9969-LEI-2,9969,LEI,"At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)",,,bib2040,yes +9969-vitality-2,9969,vitality,"{""Endangerment"": {""Level"": ""at risk"", ""Certainty"": 0.2}}",,,bib2040,yes +5318-bib,5318,bib,See Source,,,bib7156;bib8356;bib9, 10481-bib,10481,bib,See Source,,,bib10, -9629-bib,9629,bib,See Source,,,bib106;bib11;bib12;bib4639;bib5115;bib62;bib8311;bib8320;bib8321, -9649-bib,9649,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1561;bib3666;bib6379;bib6442, -4176-bib,4176,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1643;bib4636;bib8332, -3067-bib,3067,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib4667, -9630-bib,9630,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib301;bib309;bib3856;bib4512;bib4645;bib4649;bib5843;bib6383, -3497-bib,3497,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib5493;bib7157;bib7460;bib7927;bib8034;bib8036, -3236-bib,3236,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib8330, -515-bib,515,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1644;bib217;bib3596;bib569;bib5831;bib7190, -10747-bib,10747,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1669;bib2228;bib6150;bib6151;bib6153;bib6154;bib62, -2452-bib,2452,bib,See Source,,,bib1059;bib12;bib1646;bib3667, -10717-bib,10717,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1680;bib275;bib3668;bib6069;bib8004, -2517-bib,2517,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib234;bib8327, -2516-bib,2516,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib8035;bib8326, -1368-bib,1368,bib,See Source,,,bib21;bib235;bib2800;bib2802;bib2803;bib2804;bib30;bib4791;bib6654;bib7160, -2441-bib,2441,bib,See Source,,,bib22;bib6289;bib670, -2288-bib,2288,bib,See Source,,,bib1037;bib23;bib3068, -2960-bib,2960,bib,See Source,,,bib1501;bib1562;bib1563;bib1564;bib24;bib2924;bib344;bib824, -2163-bib,2163,bib,See Source,,,bib26;bib7866, +9629-bib,9629,bib,See Source,,,bib106;bib11;bib12;bib4661;bib5137;bib62;bib8336;bib8345;bib8346, +2452-bib,2452,bib,See Source,,,bib1063;bib12;bib1658;bib3686, +3497-bib,3497,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib5516;bib7181;bib7484;bib7952;bib8059;bib8061, +3236-bib,3236,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib8355, +10747-bib,10747,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1681;bib2241;bib6174;bib6175;bib6177;bib6178;bib62, +4176-bib,4176,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1655;bib4658;bib8357, +3067-bib,3067,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib4689, +10717-bib,10717,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1692;bib275;bib3687;bib6093;bib8029, +515-bib,515,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1656;bib217;bib3615;bib572;bib5855;bib7214, +2517-bib,2517,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib234;bib8352, +2516-bib,2516,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib8060;bib8351, +9630-bib,9630,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib301;bib309;bib3875;bib4533;bib4667;bib4671;bib5867;bib6407, +9649-bib,9649,bib,See Source,,,bib12;bib1573;bib3685;bib6403;bib6466, +1368-bib,1368,bib,See Source,,,bib21;bib235;bib2814;bib2816;bib2817;bib2818;bib30;bib4813;bib6678;bib7184, +2441-bib,2441,bib,See Source,,,bib22;bib6313;bib674, +2288-bib,2288,bib,See Source,,,bib1041;bib23;bib3082, +2960-bib,2960,bib,See Source,,,bib1513;bib1574;bib1575;bib1576;bib24;bib2938;bib344;bib828, +2163-bib,2163,bib,See Source,,,bib26;bib7891, 6631-bib,6631,bib,See Source,,,bib27, -4161-bib,4161,bib,See Source,,,bib1926;bib28;bib4225, 4018-bib,4018,bib,See Source,,,bib28, -666-bib,666,bib,See Source,,,bib1573;bib2730;bib2731;bib29;bib4490;bib4491;bib4493;bib6737;bib7389, +4161-bib,4161,bib,See Source,,,bib1938;bib28;bib4245, +666-bib,666,bib,See Source,,,bib1585;bib2744;bib2745;bib29;bib4511;bib4512;bib4514;bib6761;bib7413, 2140-bib,2140,bib,See Source,,,bib30, -1122-bib,1122,bib,See Source,,,bib1974;bib3117;bib36, -5810-bib,5810,bib,See Source,,,bib2785;bib3148;bib37;bib3772;bib3894;bib3919;bib5078;bib585;bib586;bib588;bib6976;bib6977;bib768, -8249-bib,8249,bib,See Source,,,bib1319;bib1372;bib1373;bib2217;bib2431;bib2432;bib2578;bib3184;bib3185;bib3186;bib3187;bib3214;bib3215;bib3219;bib3624;bib3838;bib3895;bib4439;bib4464;bib46;bib482;bib4853;bib4858;bib4859;bib5526;bib5527;bib5963;bib5964;bib63;bib6423;bib6498;bib6580;bib6596;bib6711;bib6930;bib7337;bib7394;bib7413;bib7646;bib7780;bib7781;bib7806;bib974, -7452-bib,7452,bib,See Source,,,bib1319;bib1366;bib2431;bib2447;bib3440;bib3485;bib3838;bib4434;bib4436;bib4439;bib46;bib4847;bib5448;bib5963;bib6180;bib63;bib6498;bib6500;bib6711;bib6712;bib6929;bib6930;bib7230;bib7646;bib7650;bib7653;bib766;bib7782;bib7821;bib7936;bib967;bib969;bib970;bib972;bib973, -3454-bib,3454,bib,See Source,,,bib4417;bib4590;bib4717;bib4718;bib49;bib63, -5668-bib,5668,bib,See Source,,,bib3404;bib4965;bib50, +1122-bib,1122,bib,See Source,,,bib1986;bib3132;bib36, +5810-bib,5810,bib,See Source,,,bib2799;bib3163;bib37;bib3791;bib3914;bib3939;bib5100;bib588;bib589;bib591;bib7000;bib7001;bib772, +7452-bib,7452,bib,See Source,,,bib1328;bib1378;bib2444;bib2460;bib3458;bib3503;bib3857;bib4455;bib4457;bib4460;bib46;bib4869;bib5471;bib5987;bib6204;bib63;bib6522;bib6524;bib6735;bib6736;bib6953;bib6954;bib7254;bib7671;bib7675;bib7678;bib770;bib7807;bib7846;bib7961;bib971;bib973;bib974;bib976;bib977, +8249-bib,8249,bib,See Source,,,bib1328;bib1384;bib1385;bib2230;bib2444;bib2445;bib2591;bib3199;bib3200;bib3201;bib3202;bib3229;bib3230;bib3234;bib3643;bib3857;bib3915;bib4460;bib4485;bib46;bib485;bib4875;bib4880;bib4881;bib5550;bib5551;bib5987;bib5988;bib63;bib6447;bib6522;bib6604;bib6620;bib6735;bib6954;bib7361;bib7418;bib7437;bib7671;bib7805;bib7806;bib7831;bib978, +3454-bib,3454,bib,See Source,,,bib4438;bib4611;bib4739;bib4740;bib49;bib63, 5645-bib,5645,bib,See Source,,,bib50, -5644-bib,5644,bib,See Source,,,bib4034;bib4035;bib50;bib67, -5052-bib,5052,bib,See Source,,,bib2048;bib2049;bib2050;bib3102;bib3103;bib51, -2347-bib,2347,bib,See Source,,,bib1168;bib1189;bib1191;bib1193;bib1309;bib1745;bib2070;bib2071;bib2072;bib2268;bib2269;bib2666;bib2898;bib3135;bib3395;bib3501;bib3503;bib3894;bib3908;bib3920;bib4095;bib4230;bib4231;bib4420;bib4421;bib4482;bib52;bib5297;bib5298;bib650;bib651;bib652;bib653;bib655;bib656;bib657;bib6572;bib8272;bib941, -5846-bib,5846,bib,See Source,,,bib1087;bib1257;bib1300;bib1437;bib1888;bib1930;bib2303;bib2304;bib2305;bib2858;bib2859;bib2983;bib3326;bib3486;bib3500;bib4059;bib4366;bib4600;bib471;bib4739;bib4759;bib4921;bib4922;bib4923;bib4924;bib4925;bib4926;bib4927;bib4928;bib4929;bib4930;bib4931;bib4932;bib4933;bib4934;bib4935;bib4936;bib4937;bib4938;bib4939;bib4940;bib4941;bib4942;bib4943;bib4944;bib4945;bib4946;bib4947;bib4948;bib4949;bib4950;bib4951;bib4952;bib4953;bib4954;bib4955;bib4956;bib4957;bib4958;bib4959;bib4960;bib4961;bib4962;bib53;bib5312;bib5313;bib5314;bib5315;bib5316;bib5317;bib5318;bib5319;bib5320;bib5321;bib5322;bib5323;bib5324;bib5325;bib5326;bib5327;bib5328;bib5329;bib5330;bib5331;bib5332;bib5333;bib5334;bib5335;bib5336;bib5337;bib5410;bib5607;bib57;bib5719;bib581;bib582;bib583;bib5871;bib5932;bib5933;bib5938;bib6012;bib6121;bib6437;bib6506;bib6507;bib6529;bib6532;bib6671;bib683;bib6961;bib6979;bib6980;bib7016;bib737;bib7473;bib7474;bib7713;bib8017;bib8018, -3181-bib,3181,bib,See Source,,,bib2169;bib2174;bib2175;bib4903;bib4970;bib4971;bib54;bib5993;bib7106;bib7344;bib7345;bib7438;bib7931;bib7932;bib8059;bib8322, -3034-bib,3034,bib,See Source,,,bib3733;bib4698;bib58;bib6663, -6569-bib,6569,bib,See Source,,,bib1776;bib2144;bib3070;bib3072;bib3175;bib59, -2696-bib,2696,bib,See Source,,,bib1481;bib1482;bib1571;bib2435;bib2494;bib2778;bib3505;bib3598;bib3599;bib3600;bib3601;bib3602;bib3999;bib4000;bib4001;bib432;bib4895;bib5347;bib5414;bib5424;bib5660;bib5661;bib5669;bib60;bib79, -2902-bib,2902,bib,See Source,,,bib1825;bib1828;bib2362;bib2436;bib61;bib7590, -10726-bib,10726,bib,See Source,,,bib1118;bib62, -10741-bib,10741,bib,See Source,,,bib2733;bib2734;bib2735;bib3264;bib3265;bib62;bib6381;bib8011, -10732-bib,10732,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib3265;bib62;bib6381;bib7643, -10749-bib,10749,bib,See Source,,,bib1913;bib3264;bib395;bib62, -10503-bib,10503,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib1134;bib62, -10471-bib,10471,bib,See Source,,,bib2275;bib62;bib7132, -10502-bib,10502,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib1134;bib62;bib7035, -1509-bib,1509,bib,See Source,,,bib4620;bib4621;bib4635;bib4637;bib4641;bib5694;bib62, -10742-bib,10742,bib,See Source,,,bib1294;bib1301;bib1302;bib2347;bib2736;bib3264;bib3265;bib3608;bib4010;bib4276;bib4914;bib62, -10769-bib,10769,bib,See Source,,,bib1913;bib395;bib62;bib7427, -10499-bib,10499,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib1134;bib62, -10129-bib,10129,bib,See Source,,,bib3822;bib62, -10750-bib,10750,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib395;bib62, -10708-bib,10708,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib659;bib7944, -10482-bib,10482,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib6475, -10751-bib,10751,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib395;bib62, -10069-bib,10069,bib,See Source,,,bib1131;bib62, -10734-bib,10734,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib3265;bib4704;bib4705;bib62, -10768-bib,10768,bib,See Source,,,bib395;bib62;bib7427, -10765-bib,10765,bib,See Source,,,bib395;bib62, -10709-bib,10709,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib658;bib914, -10586-bib,10586,bib,See Source,,,bib1063;bib1205;bib62;bib7967, -10473-bib,10473,bib,See Source,,,bib5307;bib62, -10501-bib,10501,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib1134;bib62, -10767-bib,10767,bib,See Source,,,bib1913;bib2751;bib2753;bib5823;bib62, -9809-bib,9809,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib6547;bib6549, -10724-bib,10724,bib,See Source,,,bib1122;bib62, -10071-bib,10071,bib,See Source,,,bib1124;bib62, -10730-bib,10730,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib4216;bib62;bib882, -10752-bib,10752,bib,See Source,,,bib1913;bib3264;bib62;bib7771, -10625-bib,10625,bib,See Source,,,bib1689;bib1693;bib1698;bib3664;bib62;bib7132;bib8003, -10500-bib,10500,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib1132;bib1134;bib407;bib62, -10766-bib,10766,bib,See Source,,,bib2751;bib395;bib62, -10329-bib,10329,bib,See Source,,,bib1975;bib1977;bib3264;bib62, -10753-bib,10753,bib,See Source,,,bib1913;bib3264;bib5822;bib5823;bib5825;bib62, -10731-bib,10731,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib5627;bib5628;bib5629;bib5630;bib5631;bib62, -10740-bib,10740,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib3265;bib62;bib7399;bib7400;bib7939, -10624-bib,10624,bib,See Source,,,bib1690;bib1695;bib1698;bib62;bib7132;bib7703;bib8003, -10744-bib,10744,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib3265;bib6192;bib62;bib6390;bib6391;bib6777, -10743-bib,10743,bib,See Source,,,bib2735;bib3264;bib3265;bib3361;bib62;bib6773;bib6806;bib7028;bib7643, -10722-bib,10722,bib,See Source,,,bib1120;bib1127;bib1133;bib62, -10735-bib,10735,bib,See Source,,,bib3264;bib3265;bib6192;bib62;bib7461, -3448-bib,3448,bib,See Source,,,bib4060;bib613;bib63, -3518-bib,3518,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4878-bib,4878,bib,See Source,,,bib1335;bib3086;bib63, -510-bib,510,bib,See Source,,,bib1263;bib3027;bib5209;bib63;bib7141;bib7144;bib7145, -1716-bib,1716,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5246-bib,5246,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3276-bib,3276,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5938-bib,5938,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -8090-bib,8090,bib,See Source,,,bib1350;bib1502;bib2364;bib2757;bib2758;bib3212;bib3979;bib5023;bib63;bib7478;bib7479;bib7586, -5341-bib,5341,bib,See Source,,,bib3455;bib4994;bib63;bib7247;bib7566, -5866-bib,5866,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6787-bib,6787,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2990-bib,2990,bib,See Source,,,bib4056;bib63, -1230-bib,1230,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -581-bib,581,bib,See Source,,,bib3627;bib3630;bib63, -3248-bib,3248,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3400-bib,3400,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3815-bib,3815,bib,See Source,,,bib2061;bib4227;bib63;bib7543, -6796-bib,6796,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1886-bib,1886,bib,See Source,,,bib2636;bib3021;bib3022;bib3044;bib3164;bib3220;bib3358;bib3838;bib3839;bib3894;bib3923;bib4768;bib481;bib63;bib6687;bib6947;bib7650;bib7652;bib778, -7004-bib,7004,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1526-bib,1526,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -7178-bib,7178,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3284-bib,3284,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6777-bib,6777,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3596-bib,3596,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6712-bib,6712,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -10445-bib,10445,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7239, -1887-bib,1887,bib,See Source,,,bib1539;bib2123;bib2129;bib2130;bib2131;bib2132;bib2747;bib3101;bib3165;bib3358;bib3554;bib3624;bib3747;bib3748;bib3838;bib3839;bib3840;bib3865;bib4108;bib4109;bib4393;bib4412;bib4413;bib4414;bib4415;bib63;bib7276, +5644-bib,5644,bib,See Source,,,bib4054;bib4055;bib50;bib67, +5668-bib,5668,bib,See Source,,,bib3422;bib4987;bib50, +5052-bib,5052,bib,See Source,,,bib2061;bib2062;bib2063;bib3116;bib3117;bib51, +2347-bib,2347,bib,See Source,,,bib1177;bib1198;bib1200;bib1202;bib1318;bib1757;bib2083;bib2084;bib2085;bib2281;bib2282;bib2679;bib2912;bib3150;bib3413;bib3519;bib3521;bib3914;bib3928;bib3940;bib4115;bib4250;bib4251;bib4441;bib4442;bib4503;bib52;bib5320;bib5321;bib654;bib655;bib656;bib657;bib659;bib6596;bib660;bib661;bib8297;bib945, +5846-bib,5846,bib,See Source,,,bib1096;bib1266;bib1309;bib1449;bib1900;bib1942;bib2316;bib2317;bib2318;bib2872;bib2873;bib2997;bib3342;bib3504;bib3518;bib4079;bib4387;bib4621;bib474;bib4761;bib4781;bib4943;bib4944;bib4945;bib4946;bib4947;bib4948;bib4949;bib4950;bib4951;bib4952;bib4953;bib4954;bib4955;bib4956;bib4957;bib4958;bib4959;bib4960;bib4961;bib4962;bib4963;bib4964;bib4965;bib4966;bib4967;bib4968;bib4969;bib4970;bib4971;bib4972;bib4973;bib4974;bib4975;bib4976;bib4977;bib4978;bib4979;bib4980;bib4981;bib4982;bib4983;bib4984;bib53;bib5335;bib5336;bib5337;bib5338;bib5339;bib5340;bib5341;bib5342;bib5343;bib5344;bib5345;bib5346;bib5347;bib5348;bib5349;bib5350;bib5351;bib5352;bib5353;bib5354;bib5355;bib5356;bib5357;bib5358;bib5359;bib5360;bib5433;bib5631;bib57;bib5743;bib584;bib585;bib586;bib5895;bib5956;bib5957;bib5962;bib6036;bib6145;bib6461;bib6530;bib6531;bib6553;bib6556;bib6695;bib687;bib6985;bib7003;bib7004;bib7040;bib741;bib7497;bib7498;bib7738;bib8042;bib8043, +3181-bib,3181,bib,See Source,,,bib2182;bib2187;bib2188;bib4925;bib4992;bib4993;bib54;bib6017;bib7130;bib7368;bib7369;bib7462;bib7956;bib7957;bib8084;bib8347, +3034-bib,3034,bib,See Source,,,bib3752;bib4720;bib58;bib6687, +6569-bib,6569,bib,See Source,,,bib1788;bib2157;bib3084;bib3086;bib3190;bib59, +2696-bib,2696,bib,See Source,,,bib1493;bib1494;bib1583;bib2448;bib2507;bib2792;bib3523;bib3617;bib3618;bib3619;bib3620;bib3621;bib4019;bib4020;bib4021;bib433;bib4917;bib5370;bib5437;bib5447;bib5684;bib5685;bib5693;bib60;bib79, +2902-bib,2902,bib,See Source,,,bib1837;bib1840;bib2375;bib2449;bib61;bib7615, +10722-bib,10722,bib,See Source,,,bib1129;bib1136;bib1142;bib62, +10732-bib,10732,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib3281;bib62;bib6405;bib7668, +10768-bib,10768,bib,See Source,,,bib396;bib62;bib7451, +10730-bib,10730,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib4236;bib62;bib886, +10503-bib,10503,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib1143;bib62, +10769-bib,10769,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib396;bib62;bib7451, +10329-bib,10329,bib,See Source,,,bib1987;bib1989;bib3280;bib62, +10502-bib,10502,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib1143;bib62;bib7059, +10731-bib,10731,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib5651;bib5652;bib5653;bib5654;bib5655;bib62, +10482-bib,10482,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib6499, +10742-bib,10742,bib,See Source,,,bib1303;bib1310;bib1311;bib2360;bib2750;bib3280;bib3281;bib3627;bib4030;bib4296;bib4936;bib62, +10753-bib,10753,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib3280;bib5846;bib5847;bib5849;bib62, +10726-bib,10726,bib,See Source,,,bib1127;bib62, +10767-bib,10767,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib2765;bib2767;bib5847;bib62, +10069-bib,10069,bib,See Source,,,bib1140;bib62, +10709-bib,10709,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib662;bib918, +10744-bib,10744,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib3281;bib62;bib6216;bib6414;bib6415;bib6801, +10765-bib,10765,bib,See Source,,,bib396;bib62, +10735-bib,10735,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib3281;bib62;bib6216;bib7485, +10766-bib,10766,bib,See Source,,,bib2765;bib396;bib62, +10471-bib,10471,bib,See Source,,,bib2288;bib62;bib7156, +10749-bib,10749,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib3280;bib396;bib62, +10625-bib,10625,bib,See Source,,,bib1701;bib1705;bib1710;bib3683;bib62;bib7156;bib8028, +10624-bib,10624,bib,See Source,,,bib1702;bib1707;bib1710;bib62;bib7156;bib7728;bib8028, +10071-bib,10071,bib,See Source,,,bib1133;bib62, +10708-bib,10708,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib663;bib7969, +10740-bib,10740,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib3281;bib62;bib7423;bib7424;bib7964, +10501-bib,10501,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib1143;bib62, +10129-bib,10129,bib,See Source,,,bib3841;bib62, +10586-bib,10586,bib,See Source,,,bib1067;bib1214;bib62;bib7992, +10500-bib,10500,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib1141;bib1143;bib408;bib62, +9809-bib,9809,bib,See Source,,,bib62;bib6571;bib6573, +10734-bib,10734,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib3281;bib4726;bib4727;bib62, +10724-bib,10724,bib,See Source,,,bib1131;bib62, +10750-bib,10750,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib396;bib62, +10499-bib,10499,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib1143;bib62, +10752-bib,10752,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib3280;bib62;bib7796, +10743-bib,10743,bib,See Source,,,bib2749;bib3280;bib3281;bib3379;bib62;bib6797;bib6830;bib7052;bib7668, +1509-bib,1509,bib,See Source,,,bib4642;bib4643;bib4657;bib4659;bib4663;bib5718;bib62, +10741-bib,10741,bib,See Source,,,bib2747;bib2748;bib2749;bib3280;bib3281;bib62;bib6405;bib8036, +10473-bib,10473,bib,See Source,,,bib5330;bib62, +10751-bib,10751,bib,See Source,,,bib3280;bib396;bib62, +3263-bib,3263,bib,See Source,,,bib5016;bib63, +6734-bib,6734,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +600-bib,600,bib,See Source,,,bib1677;bib3857;bib5806;bib63;bib971, +3925-bib,3925,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3189-bib,3189,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5367-bib,5367,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib63;bib6423, +4531-bib,4531,bib,See Source,,,bib1968;bib2132;bib2432;bib4158;bib4868;bib5310;bib6117;bib63;bib6483;bib6904, +7374-bib,7374,bib,See Source,,,bib470;bib562;bib5929;bib63;bib7603, +362-bib,362,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7453, 6742-bib,6742,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -125-bib,125,bib,See Source,,,bib202;bib2438;bib2439;bib3377;bib391;bib392;bib393;bib4335;bib6055;bib6056;bib63;bib6668;bib7849, +1526-bib,1526,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +549-bib,549,bib,See Source,,,bib1749;bib2450;bib3245;bib3914;bib3937;bib4108;bib4111;bib4279;bib5100;bib63, +1617-bib,1617,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +10378-bib,10378,bib,See Source,,,bib2283;bib63, +3984-bib,3984,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4899-bib,4899,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +381-bib,381,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7047, +4668-bib,4668,bib,See Source,,,bib2123;bib2127;bib63, +3499-bib,3499,bib,See Source,,,bib3989;bib63, +6773-bib,6773,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6780-bib,6780,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6782-bib,6782,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3501-bib,3501,bib,See Source,,,bib4792;bib63;bib7394, +5945-bib,5945,bib,See Source,,,bib6191;bib63;bib7448;bib940;bib941, +4409-bib,4409,bib,See Source,,,bib1830;bib5914;bib63;bib745, +1447-bib,1447,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3229-bib,3229,bib,See Source,,,bib2491;bib3032;bib4354;bib4355;bib4356;bib5923;bib5958;bib6255;bib6278;bib6279;bib63;bib6554, 3252-bib,3252,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3902-bib,3902,bib,See Source,,,bib5078;bib63;bib6394, -7354-bib,7354,bib,See Source,,,bib1760;bib63, -600-bib,600,bib,See Source,,,bib1665;bib3838;bib5782;bib63;bib967, -4409-bib,4409,bib,See Source,,,bib1818;bib5890;bib63;bib741, -3521-bib,3521,bib,See Source,,,bib6210;bib6212;bib6216;bib63, -5696-bib,5696,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3937-bib,3937,bib,See Source,,,bib6009;bib63, -3229-bib,3229,bib,See Source,,,bib2478;bib3018;bib4333;bib4334;bib4335;bib5899;bib5934;bib6231;bib6254;bib6255;bib63;bib6530, -5259-bib,5259,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3129-bib,3129,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4135-bib,4135,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4288-bib,4288,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib76, +5555-bib,5555,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5131-bib,5131,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3502-bib,3502,bib,See Source,,,bib3864;bib63, +510-bib,510,bib,See Source,,,bib1272;bib3041;bib5232;bib63;bib7165;bib7168;bib7169, +6310-bib,6310,bib,See Source,,,bib4012;bib4119;bib63;bib8312, +5342-bib,5342,bib,See Source,,,bib1118;bib3759;bib5016;bib63;bib6704;bib7882, +5067-bib,5067,bib,See Source,,,bib3168;bib63, +2508-bib,2508,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6459, +4256-bib,4256,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6730-bib,6730,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4961-bib,4961,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7197, +3520-bib,3520,bib,See Source,,,bib4635;bib4636;bib573;bib575;bib63, +4213-bib,4213,bib,See Source,,,bib1978;bib3565;bib63;bib6301;bib6302, +781-bib,781,bib,See Source,,,bib1677;bib2277;bib2278;bib2445;bib3857;bib4875;bib4878;bib5806;bib63;bib971, +365-bib,365,bib,See Source,,,bib5392;bib5937;bib63;bib6370;bib6721;bib7126;bib7312, +6149-bib,6149,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3087-bib,3087,bib,See Source,,,bib6094;bib63;bib6805, +3443-bib,3443,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3049-bib,3049,bib,See Source,,,bib1426;bib1427;bib1428;bib2271;bib2940;bib4504;bib4828;bib4837;bib4846;bib4847;bib4850;bib63;bib6898, +1935-bib,1935,bib,See Source,,,bib5026;bib63;bib8274;bib8275, +596-bib,596,bib,See Source,,,bib1552;bib3857;bib4878;bib4882;bib5467;bib5468;bib63;bib7211;bib7537, +2379-bib,2379,bib,See Source,,,bib2834;bib2907;bib2908;bib2909;bib63;bib7150, +5870-bib,5870,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4535-bib,4535,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4658-bib,4658,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1887-bib,1887,bib,See Source,,,bib1551;bib2136;bib2142;bib2143;bib2144;bib2145;bib2761;bib3115;bib3180;bib3375;bib3572;bib3643;bib3766;bib3767;bib3857;bib3858;bib3859;bib3884;bib4128;bib4129;bib4414;bib4433;bib4434;bib4435;bib4436;bib63;bib7300, +5332-bib,5332,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3398-bib,3398,bib,See Source,,,bib1050;bib1051;bib1255;bib1302;bib2129;bib2478;bib2890;bib63;bib6748;bib7121;bib7772;bib8269;bib8270, +1229-bib,1229,bib,See Source,,,bib386;bib63, +5363-bib,5363,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4946-bib,4946,bib,See Source,,,bib1817;bib3630;bib3631;bib3707;bib63, +7119-bib,7119,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3171-bib,3171,bib,See Source,,,bib2925;bib63, +2085-bib,2085,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4265-bib,4265,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3048-bib,3048,bib,See Source,,,bib2243;bib2369;bib63;bib635, +3694-bib,3694,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7344;bib7345, +5065-bib,5065,bib,See Source,,,bib1864;bib2604;bib2605;bib3167;bib3663;bib3914;bib3929;bib3946;bib3947;bib3962;bib3963;bib3980;bib4216;bib4325;bib63, +3878-bib,3878,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib648, +1261-bib,1261,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3248-bib,3248,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3040-bib,3040,bib,See Source,,,bib1080;bib1081;bib2339;bib2342;bib2343;bib2344;bib3575;bib5394;bib5395;bib63;bib8321, +2165-bib,2165,bib,See Source,,,bib2475;bib2476;bib63, +1695-bib,1695,bib,See Source,,,bib2217;bib6227;bib63;bib944, +3273-bib,3273,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4690-bib,4690,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6905, 6788-bib,6788,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -381-bib,381,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7023, -6799-bib,6799,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4479-bib,4479,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3265-bib,3265,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4202-bib,4202,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6838;bib7664;bib7665;bib773, -3398-bib,3398,bib,See Source,,,bib1046;bib1047;bib1246;bib1293;bib2116;bib2465;bib2876;bib63;bib6724;bib7097;bib7747;bib8244;bib8245, -596-bib,596,bib,See Source,,,bib1540;bib3838;bib4856;bib4860;bib5444;bib5445;bib63;bib7187;bib7512, -6740-bib,6740,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4281-bib,4281,bib,See Source,,,bib3944;bib63, -1229-bib,1229,bib,See Source,,,bib385;bib63, -3392-bib,3392,bib,See Source,,,bib430;bib63, +3518-bib,3518,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6744-bib,6744,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6045-bib,6045,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1571-bib,1571,bib,See Source,,,bib5862;bib63;bib7891, 3442-bib,3442,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4909-bib,4909,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -592-bib,592,bib,See Source,,,bib4857;bib63;bib967, -3514-bib,3514,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7735;bib7737, +6808-bib,6808,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2826-bib,2826,bib,See Source,,,bib1248;bib1328;bib1836;bib1853;bib1977;bib203;bib2091;bib2165;bib2218;bib2219;bib2220;bib2292;bib2293;bib2331;bib2385;bib2386;bib2387;bib2388;bib2389;bib2442;bib2444;bib2455;bib2456;bib2461;bib2462;bib2463;bib2464;bib2465;bib2466;bib2668;bib2670;bib2719;bib2727;bib2728;bib2986;bib3155;bib3176;bib3208;bib3288;bib3567;bib3568;bib3658;bib3714;bib3803;bib3873;bib4026;bib4027;bib4195;bib4196;bib4285;bib4286;bib4289;bib441;bib4454;bib4459;bib4853;bib5524;bib5987;bib63;bib651;bib652;bib6522;bib771;bib779;bib7926;bib8291;bib8292;bib989, +4196-bib,4196,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6720, +1628-bib,1628,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 5132-bib,5132,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2991-bib,2991,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1687-bib,1687,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5362-bib,5362,bib,See Source,,,bib1334;bib63, -1326-bib,1326,bib,See Source,,,bib2829;bib4900;bib63;bib7933;bib7934;bib7969;bib8054;bib8055;bib8057, -363-bib,363,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1021-bib,1021,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4338-bib,4338,bib,See Source,,,bib3884;bib63, -5415-bib,5415,bib,See Source,,,bib3467;bib63, -1680-bib,1680,bib,See Source,,,bib512;bib5286;bib63, -3382-bib,3382,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2211-bib,2211,bib,See Source,,,bib1780;bib1782;bib387;bib63, -4659-bib,4659,bib,See Source,,,bib4880;bib63, -3210-bib,3210,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6881, -1598-bib,1598,bib,See Source,,,bib2349;bib4062;bib63, -3645-bib,3645,bib,See Source,,,bib1610;bib3423;bib63;bib7822, -6741-bib,6741,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -490-bib,490,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3217-bib,3217,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7947;bib922, -5432-bib,5432,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6425;bib76, -4686-bib,4686,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5431-bib,5431,bib,See Source,,,bib1675;bib1696;bib1699;bib4054;bib63;bib7104;bib7109;bib7132, -4004-bib,4004,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4389-bib,4389,bib,See Source,,,bib1188;bib3576;bib4467;bib4468;bib63;bib6697, +1923-bib,1923,bib,See Source,,,bib2054;bib2738;bib3522;bib6149;bib63, +3509-bib,3509,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6747-bib,6747,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3909-bib,3909,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4171-bib,4171,bib,See Source,,,bib3625;bib5536;bib6269;bib63;bib6689;bib6693;bib697;bib7125, 4540-bib,4540,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1676-bib,1676,bib,See Source,,,bib2010;bib2013;bib2014;bib5463;bib5495;bib5496;bib5497;bib63;bib6550, -597-bib,597,bib,See Source,,,bib1319;bib2431;bib3438;bib3440;bib3838;bib4434;bib4439;bib4847;bib5963;bib6180;bib63;bib6711;bib6712;bib7650;bib766;bib967, -7253-bib,7253,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3247-bib,3247,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib63, +3444-bib,3444,bib,See Source,,,bib3512;bib63;bib7569, +3156-bib,3156,bib,See Source,,,bib2429;bib5837;bib63, +4657-bib,4657,bib,See Source,,,bib4448;bib5170;bib63;bib7776;bib7777;bib7778, +10377-bib,10377,bib,See Source,,,bib2283;bib3280;bib5330;bib63, +6732-bib,6732,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5855-bib,5855,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1232-bib,1232,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +594-bib,594,bib,See Source,,,bib107;bib63;bib92, +6804-bib,6804,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6681-bib,6681,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1537-bib,1537,bib,See Source,,,bib1269;bib3911;bib4561;bib4562;bib5157;bib63;bib6763;bib7814;bib7815;bib7816;bib7818;bib7819, +3839-bib,3839,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +7354-bib,7354,bib,See Source,,,bib1772;bib63, +842-bib,842,bib,See Source,,,bib2806;bib4617;bib4618;bib4619;bib5844;bib63, +1598-bib,1598,bib,See Source,,,bib2362;bib4082;bib63, +1937-bib,1937,bib,See Source,,,bib1069;bib1072;bib1477;bib1478;bib1479;bib1651;bib2308;bib2309;bib2310;bib2865;bib2866;bib2867;bib2868;bib320;bib3209;bib3386;bib5291;bib63;bib673;bib6929, +4894-bib,4894,bib,See Source,,,bib2717;bib3469;bib63;bib7680, +5099-bib,5099,bib,See Source,,,bib4429;bib63, 6682-bib,6682,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5425-bib,5425,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5410-bib,5410,bib,See Source,,,bib3945;bib4602;bib4713;bib63, -3087-bib,3087,bib,See Source,,,bib6070;bib63;bib6781, -4946-bib,4946,bib,See Source,,,bib1805;bib3611;bib3612;bib3688;bib63, -4256-bib,4256,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3412-bib,3412,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5099-bib,5099,bib,See Source,,,bib4408;bib63, -3206-bib,3206,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5376-bib,5376,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4670-bib,4670,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4541-bib,4541,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3339-bib,3339,bib,See Source,,,bib3413;bib4445;bib63, -4109-bib,4109,bib,See Source,,,bib3827;bib63;bib6474;bib7049;bib76;bib7924, -6678-bib,6678,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -605-bib,605,bib,See Source,,,bib1048;bib1049;bib1050;bib1051;bib1052;bib1053;bib1319;bib1328;bib1344;bib1819;bib203;bib2074;bib2280;bib2357;bib2429;bib2431;bib2445;bib2446;bib2452;bib2655;bib2657;bib2705;bib3035;bib3140;bib3161;bib3372;bib3373;bib3514;bib3549;bib3550;bib3639;bib3712;bib3713;bib3744;bib3745;bib3855;bib3954;bib4003;bib4004;bib4265;bib4266;bib4267;bib4268;bib4269;bib4270;bib440;bib5620;bib5963;bib6171;bib63;bib645;bib646;bib648;bib6498;bib6499;bib6501;bib6502;bib672;bib7031;bib7032;bib7454;bib7648;bib7666;bib767;bib775;bib7901;bib872;bib873;bib916;bib967;bib975;bib976;bib977;bib985;bib992, -4965-bib,4965,bib,See Source,,,bib4658;bib4659;bib63, -3040-bib,3040,bib,See Source,,,bib1072;bib1073;bib2326;bib2329;bib2330;bib2331;bib3557;bib5371;bib5372;bib63;bib8296, -5401-bib,5401,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -8030-bib,8030,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5361-bib,5361,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1924-bib,1924,bib,See Source,,,bib1846;bib63;bib7797, -3189-bib,3189,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1681-bib,1681,bib,See Source,,,bib2860;bib5019;bib5209;bib63;bib6778;bib6822;bib7639, -3437-bib,3437,bib,See Source,,,bib2149;bib2150;bib2274;bib2693;bib4615;bib4754;bib4809;bib5035;bib5036;bib5243;bib5591;bib5593;bib5599;bib5600;bib63;bib681;bib6816;bib682;bib6869;bib7017;bib7030;bib7318;bib8304;bib8305;bib8306, -5402-bib,5402,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7922, -6798-bib,6798,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5252-bib,5252,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2990-bib,2990,bib,See Source,,,bib4076;bib63, +5866-bib,5866,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2713-bib,2713,bib,See Source,,,bib5140;bib6214;bib6215;bib6217;bib6219;bib63;bib7122;bib7347, +4109-bib,4109,bib,See Source,,,bib3846;bib63;bib6498;bib7073;bib76;bib7949, 6725-bib,6725,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1923-bib,1923,bib,See Source,,,bib2041;bib2724;bib3504;bib6125;bib63, -4894-bib,4894,bib,See Source,,,bib2704;bib3451;bib63;bib7655, -2385-bib,2385,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib633, -3866-bib,3866,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3402-bib,3402,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7033, -1937-bib,1937,bib,See Source,,,bib1065;bib1068;bib1465;bib1466;bib1467;bib1639;bib2295;bib2296;bib2297;bib2851;bib2852;bib2853;bib2854;bib3194;bib320;bib3368;bib5268;bib63;bib669;bib6905, -4263-bib,4263,bib,See Source,,,bib1706;bib4813;bib63, -4438-bib,4438,bib,See Source,,,bib2865;bib5761;bib63, -3440-bib,3440,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3048-bib,3048,bib,See Source,,,bib2230;bib2356;bib63;bib632, -3443-bib,3443,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3376-bib,3376,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4668-bib,4668,bib,See Source,,,bib2110;bib2114;bib63, -1617-bib,1617,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2006-bib,2006,bib,See Source,,,bib3217;bib3324;bib3325;bib63;bib7712, -3909-bib,3909,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3387-bib,3387,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4271-bib,4271,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1520-bib,1520,bib,See Source,,,bib1385;bib5024;bib63;bib676;bib7120;bib7562;bib7619;bib8163;bib895, -4978-bib,4978,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1440-bib,1440,bib,See Source,,,bib2960;bib6128;bib63, -4490-bib,4490,bib,See Source,,,bib1842;bib3379;bib63;bib7123;bib7492, -5290-bib,5290,bib,See Source,,,bib5279;bib63, -3156-bib,3156,bib,See Source,,,bib2416;bib5813;bib63, -4255-bib,4255,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3697-bib,3697,bib,See Source,,,bib4129;bib563;bib63, -5131-bib,5131,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3499-bib,3499,bib,See Source,,,bib3969;bib63, -8089-bib,8089,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3979-bib,3979,bib,See Source,,,bib3083;bib3084;bib63;bib7067, -3363-bib,3363,bib,See Source,,,bib3378;bib5280;bib63;bib6828, -6785-bib,6785,bib,See Source,,,bib5632;bib63, -4943-bib,4943,bib,See Source,,,bib5673;bib63, -3694-bib,3694,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7320;bib7321, -4899-bib,4899,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3211-bib,3211,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3878-bib,3878,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib644, -6681-bib,6681,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6730-bib,6730,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3051-bib,3051,bib,See Source,,,bib4842;bib63, -6744-bib,6744,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5332-bib,5332,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1614-bib,1614,bib,See Source,,,bib3107;bib461;bib4720;bib5273;bib5288;bib5384;bib63;bib635;bib7329;bib8291;bib8301;bib870;bib871, -6804-bib,6804,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -549-bib,549,bib,See Source,,,bib1737;bib2437;bib3230;bib3894;bib3917;bib4088;bib4091;bib4259;bib5078;bib63, -5413-bib,5413,bib,See Source,,,bib2833;bib2836;bib554;bib63;bib8324, -594-bib,594,bib,See Source,,,bib107;bib63;bib92, -2919-bib,2919,bib,See Source,,,bib383;bib63, -2505-bib,2505,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4196-bib,4196,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6696, -5328-bib,5328,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6807-bib,6807,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2377-bib,2377,bib,See Source,,,bib6148;bib63, +4080-bib,4080,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4965-bib,4965,bib,See Source,,,bib4680;bib4681;bib63, 6108-bib,6108,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5855-bib,5855,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -7069-bib,7069,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3505-bib,3505,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6781-bib,6781,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3277-bib,3277,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4535-bib,4535,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3520-bib,3520,bib,See Source,,,bib4613;bib4614;bib570;bib572;bib63, -4002-bib,4002,bib,See Source,,,bib2660;bib63;bib7376;bib7744;bib840;bib985, -5346-bib,5346,bib,See Source,,,bib1110;bib2977;bib3255;bib3277;bib3741;bib4905;bib4994;bib4996;bib63;bib7857, -2974-bib,2974,bib,See Source,,,bib3606;bib6245;bib63;bib7349;bib7890, -962-bib,962,bib,See Source,,,bib2073;bib63, -7001-bib,7001,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7553;bib7554, -1447-bib,1447,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6686-bib,6686,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2379-bib,2379,bib,See Source,,,bib2820;bib2893;bib2894;bib2895;bib63;bib7126, -6779-bib,6779,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6695-bib,6695,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5065-bib,5065,bib,See Source,,,bib1852;bib2591;bib2592;bib3152;bib3644;bib3894;bib3909;bib3926;bib3927;bib3942;bib3943;bib3960;bib4196;bib4304;bib63, -595-bib,595,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7187, -7361-bib,7361,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4093-bib,4093,bib,See Source,,,bib2396;bib63;bib76, -2508-bib,2508,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6435, -4690-bib,4690,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6881, -6449-bib,6449,bib,See Source,,,bib2257;bib4037;bib63;bib6622;bib6906;bib6911, -7374-bib,7374,bib,See Source,,,bib467;bib559;bib5905;bib63;bib7578, -6065-bib,6065,bib,See Source,,,bib148;bib3606;bib6245;bib63, -3925-bib,3925,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6808-bib,6808,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4181-bib,4181,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6654-bib,6654,bib,See Source,,,bib5257;bib63, +3815-bib,3815,bib,See Source,,,bib2074;bib4247;bib63;bib7568, +8090-bib,8090,bib,See Source,,,bib1362;bib1514;bib2377;bib2771;bib2772;bib3227;bib3999;bib5045;bib63;bib7502;bib7503;bib7611, 3117-bib,3117,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1261-bib,1261,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5592-bib,5592,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7193;bib7194, -6045-bib,6045,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1537-bib,1537,bib,See Source,,,bib1260;bib3891;bib4540;bib4541;bib5135;bib63;bib6739;bib7789;bib7790;bib7791;bib7793;bib7794, -7119-bib,7119,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1935-bib,1935,bib,See Source,,,bib5004;bib63;bib8249;bib8250, -4785-bib,4785,bib,See Source,,,bib4223;bib5423;bib63, -6770-bib,6770,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3444-bib,3444,bib,See Source,,,bib3494;bib63;bib7544, -4930-bib,4930,bib,See Source,,,bib122;bib2415;bib3247;bib63, -1857-bib,1857,bib,See Source,,,bib4445;bib5090;bib5091;bib63, -781-bib,781,bib,See Source,,,bib1665;bib2264;bib2265;bib2432;bib3838;bib4853;bib4856;bib5782;bib63;bib967, -4657-bib,4657,bib,See Source,,,bib4427;bib5148;bib63;bib7751;bib7752;bib7753, -4178-bib,4178,bib,See Source,,,bib394;bib63, -5067-bib,5067,bib,See Source,,,bib3153;bib63, -3839-bib,3839,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6732-bib,6732,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3065-bib,3065,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6310-bib,6310,bib,See Source,,,bib3992;bib4099;bib63;bib8287, -2165-bib,2165,bib,See Source,,,bib2462;bib2463;bib63, -4213-bib,4213,bib,See Source,,,bib1966;bib3547;bib6277;bib6278;bib63, -4280-bib,4280,bib,See Source,,,bib2036;bib2215;bib2568;bib5367;bib63;bib6474;bib6667;bib6873;bib76, -6699-bib,6699,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4288-bib,4288,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib76, -6692-bib,6692,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6740-bib,6740,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1845-bib,1845,bib,See Source,,,bib1991;bib516;bib63;bib694;bib7704, +2974-bib,2974,bib,See Source,,,bib3625;bib6269;bib63;bib7373;bib7915, +4239-bib,4239,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5341-bib,5341,bib,See Source,,,bib3473;bib5016;bib63;bib7271;bib7591, +3284-bib,3284,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3211-bib,3211,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6800-bib,6800,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1681-bib,1681,bib,See Source,,,bib2874;bib5041;bib5232;bib63;bib6802;bib6846;bib7664, +961-bib,961,bib,See Source,,,bib3418;bib63;bib6347, +4490-bib,4490,bib,See Source,,,bib1854;bib3397;bib63;bib7147;bib7516, +2436-bib,2436,bib,See Source,,,bib2122;bib4165;bib63, +10445-bib,10445,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7263, +3697-bib,3697,bib,See Source,,,bib4149;bib566;bib63, +3410-bib,3410,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1230-bib,1230,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 5565-bib,5565,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -10444-bib,10444,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7239, +3217-bib,3217,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7972;bib926, +4854-bib,4854,bib,See Source,,,bib5458;bib63, +6772-bib,6772,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3164-bib,3164,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6695-bib,6695,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3376-bib,3376,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5346-bib,5346,bib,See Source,,,bib1119;bib2991;bib3271;bib3293;bib3760;bib4927;bib5016;bib5018;bib63;bib7882, +3541-bib,3541,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7995;bib7998, +3927-bib,3927,bib,See Source,,,bib6133;bib63;bib6780, +4135-bib,4135,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6678-bib,6678,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4670-bib,4670,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +7178-bib,7178,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1326-bib,1326,bib,See Source,,,bib2843;bib4922;bib63;bib7958;bib7959;bib7994;bib8079;bib8080;bib8082, +1680-bib,1680,bib,See Source,,,bib515;bib5309;bib63, +1595-bib,1595,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5402-bib,5402,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7947, +6065-bib,6065,bib,See Source,,,bib148;bib3625;bib6269;bib63, 6794-bib,6794,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3585-bib,3585,bib,See Source,,,bib272;bib4603;bib5441;bib63;bib7570;bib7725;bib7926, -3283-bib,3283,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7854, -6721-bib,6721,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1592-bib,1592,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3203-bib,3203,bib,See Source,,,bib3112;bib3731;bib3754;bib399;bib4030;bib4310;bib5228;bib5853;bib6288;bib63;bib6679;bib7334, -6736-bib,6736,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3155-bib,3155,bib,See Source,,,bib110;bib253;bib4153;bib4723;bib5881;bib63;bib637;bib7088;bib745, -4184-bib,4184,bib,See Source,,,bib2056;bib63, -6709-bib,6709,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -365-bib,365,bib,See Source,,,bib5369;bib5913;bib63;bib6346;bib6697;bib7102;bib7288, -9109-bib,9109,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2246-bib,2246,bib,See Source,,,bib2183;bib3592;bib4422;bib4423;bib4696;bib5009;bib63, -1593-bib,1593,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib5272;bib6234;bib629;bib63;bib630;bib6441;bib8071, -4658-bib,4658,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3336-bib,3336,bib,See Source,,,bib5562;bib5563;bib63;bib833, -364-bib,364,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1695-bib,1695,bib,See Source,,,bib2204;bib6203;bib63;bib940, -647-bib,647,bib,See Source,,,bib3732;bib4795;bib5023;bib63;bib6775;bib7586, +5328-bib,5328,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4943-bib,4943,bib,See Source,,,bib5697;bib63, +4193-bib,4193,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3937-bib,3937,bib,See Source,,,bib6033;bib63, +1687-bib,1687,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6781-bib,6781,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3210-bib,3210,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6905, +3514-bib,3514,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7760;bib7762, +4184-bib,4184,bib,See Source,,,bib2069;bib63, +5557-bib,5557,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3505-bib,3505,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4002-bib,4002,bib,See Source,,,bib2673;bib63;bib7400;bib7769;bib844;bib989, +5867-bib,5867,bib,See Source,,,bib2226;bib5492;bib63, +3519-bib,3519,bib,See Source,,,bib576;bib63, +6796-bib,6796,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4479-bib,4479,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4438-bib,4438,bib,See Source,,,bib2879;bib5785;bib63, +3506-bib,3506,bib,See Source,,,bib2856;bib3783;bib3865;bib5131;bib63, +682-bib,682,bib,See Source,,,bib4541;bib5045;bib5054;bib5055;bib5056;bib63;bib7611, +5246-bib,5246,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 6722-bib,6722,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3502-bib,3502,bib,See Source,,,bib3845;bib63, -3582-bib,3582,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6784-bib,6784,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3093-bib,3093,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6880, -5632-bib,5632,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib8072, -7177-bib,7177,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3263-bib,3263,bib,See Source,,,bib4994;bib63, -943-bib,943,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4531-bib,4531,bib,See Source,,,bib1956;bib2119;bib2419;bib4138;bib4846;bib5287;bib6093;bib63;bib6459;bib6880, -3049-bib,3049,bib,See Source,,,bib1414;bib1415;bib1416;bib2258;bib2926;bib4483;bib4806;bib4815;bib4824;bib4825;bib4828;bib63;bib6874, -6189-bib,6189,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5555-bib,5555,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1231-bib,1231,bib,See Source,,,bib3957;bib4536;bib5996;bib63;bib7600;bib7663;bib964, +6709-bib,6709,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4785-bib,4785,bib,See Source,,,bib4243;bib5446;bib63, +6656-bib,6656,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5289-bib,5289,bib,See Source,,,bib4174;bib5294;bib63, +1588-bib,1588,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3392-bib,3392,bib,See Source,,,bib431;bib63, +4389-bib,4389,bib,See Source,,,bib1197;bib3594;bib4488;bib4489;bib63;bib6721, +4281-bib,4281,bib,See Source,,,bib3964;bib63, +3978-bib,3978,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6904, +4004-bib,4004,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3645-bib,3645,bib,See Source,,,bib1622;bib3441;bib63;bib7847, +2991-bib,2991,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 6793-bib,6793,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6772-bib,6772,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5710-bib,5710,bib,See Source,,,bib2869;bib2871;bib4481;bib63, -2369-bib,2369,bib,See Source,,,bib4817;bib63, -1628-bib,1628,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4449-bib,4449,bib,See Source,,,bib1130;bib506;bib63, -3319-bib,3319,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -842-bib,842,bib,See Source,,,bib2792;bib4596;bib4597;bib4598;bib5820;bib63, +3065-bib,3065,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6787-bib,6787,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1520-bib,1520,bib,See Source,,,bib1397;bib5046;bib63;bib680;bib7144;bib7587;bib7644;bib8188;bib899, +2377-bib,2377,bib,See Source,,,bib6172;bib63, +5259-bib,5259,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3203-bib,3203,bib,See Source,,,bib3127;bib3750;bib3773;bib400;bib4050;bib4331;bib5251;bib5877;bib63;bib6312;bib6703;bib7358, +8369-bib,8369,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7156;bib7559, +7177-bib,7177,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6686-bib,6686,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1716-bib,1716,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2174-bib,2174,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3265-bib,3265,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +490-bib,490,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1739-bib,1739,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4338-bib,4338,bib,See Source,,,bib3904;bib63, +5647-bib,5647,bib,See Source,,,bib2059;bib5616;bib63;bib746;bib748, +3902-bib,3902,bib,See Source,,,bib5100;bib63;bib6418, +5711-bib,5711,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4178-bib,4178,bib,See Source,,,bib395;bib63, +2385-bib,2385,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib636, +590-bib,590,bib,See Source,,,bib2445;bib3201;bib3857;bib4875;bib4878;bib5806;bib5988;bib63;bib6522;bib6736;bib714;bib7628;bib971, +4396-bib,4396,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1231-bib,1231,bib,See Source,,,bib3977;bib4557;bib6020;bib63;bib7625;bib7688;bib968, 6802-bib,6802,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6800-bib,6800,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2436-bib,2436,bib,See Source,,,bib2109;bib4145;bib63, -5697-bib,5697,bib,See Source,,,bib1129;bib4757;bib5186;bib63;bib6662;bib7036, -4742-bib,4742,bib,See Source,,,bib1319;bib2431;bib3440;bib3838;bib4434;bib4439;bib4847;bib5963;bib6180;bib63;bib6516;bib6520;bib6711;bib6712;bib7650;bib766;bib929;bib967, -7117-bib,7117,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4239-bib,4239,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1253-bib,1253,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5448-bib,5448,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +481-bib,481,bib,See Source,,,bib1468;bib5009;bib531;bib532;bib533;bib63, +8030-bib,8030,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +8089-bib,8089,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3336-bib,3336,bib,See Source,,,bib5586;bib5587;bib63;bib837, +7069-bib,7069,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +7256-bib,7256,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5938-bib,5938,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5425-bib,5425,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3052-bib,3052,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1599-bib,1599,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3283-bib,3283,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7879, +2006-bib,2006,bib,See Source,,,bib3232;bib3340;bib3341;bib63;bib7737, +962-bib,962,bib,See Source,,,bib2086;bib63, +2919-bib,2919,bib,See Source,,,bib384;bib63, +3201-bib,3201,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2051-bib,2051,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3437-bib,3437,bib,See Source,,,bib2162;bib2163;bib2287;bib2706;bib4637;bib4776;bib4831;bib5057;bib5058;bib5266;bib5615;bib5617;bib5623;bib5624;bib63;bib6840;bib685;bib686;bib6893;bib7041;bib7054;bib7342;bib8329;bib8330;bib8331, +1676-bib,1676,bib,See Source,,,bib2022;bib2025;bib2026;bib5486;bib5518;bib5519;bib5520;bib63;bib6574, +5395-bib,5395,bib,See Source,,,bib1717;bib5298;bib5301;bib63, +363-bib,363,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6449-bib,6449,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib4057;bib63;bib6646;bib6930;bib6935, +125-bib,125,bib,See Source,,,bib202;bib2451;bib2452;bib3395;bib392;bib393;bib394;bib4356;bib6079;bib6080;bib63;bib6692;bib7874, +3521-bib,3521,bib,See Source,,,bib6234;bib6236;bib6240;bib63, +6777-bib,6777,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5401-bib,5401,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3540-bib,3540,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6770-bib,6770,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3319-bib,3319,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5710-bib,5710,bib,See Source,,,bib2883;bib2885;bib4502;bib63, +2214-bib,2214,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +7001-bib,7001,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7578;bib7579, +4930-bib,4930,bib,See Source,,,bib122;bib2428;bib3263;bib63, 4279-bib,4279,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3171-bib,3171,bib,See Source,,,bib2911;bib63, -3541-bib,3541,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7970;bib7973, -583-bib,583,bib,See Source,,,bib2666;bib3395;bib3947;bib5020;bib63;bib924, -590-bib,590,bib,See Source,,,bib2432;bib3186;bib3838;bib4853;bib4856;bib5782;bib5964;bib63;bib6498;bib6712;bib710;bib7603;bib967, -4080-bib,4080,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3423-bib,3423,bib,See Source,,,bib2961;bib2966;bib2967;bib5608;bib63;bib7610, -4171-bib,4171,bib,See Source,,,bib3606;bib5512;bib6245;bib63;bib6665;bib6669;bib693;bib7101, -3506-bib,3506,bib,See Source,,,bib2842;bib3764;bib3846;bib5109;bib63, -3273-bib,3273,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5367-bib,5367,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib63;bib6399, -4193-bib,4193,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6656-bib,6656,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5190-bib,5190,bib,See Source,,,bib4627;bib63;bib7431, -6773-bib,6773,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1751-bib,1751,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5289-bib,5289,bib,See Source,,,bib4154;bib5271;bib63, -682-bib,682,bib,See Source,,,bib4520;bib5023;bib5032;bib5033;bib5034;bib63;bib7586, -1739-bib,1739,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2209-bib,2209,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5395-bib,5395,bib,See Source,,,bib1705;bib5275;bib5278;bib63, -4240-bib,4240,bib,See Source,,,bib3813;bib63, -1584-bib,1584,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -8369-bib,8369,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7132;bib7534, -5557-bib,5557,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3544-bib,3544,bib,See Source,,,bib1141;bib1688;bib1999;bib2703;bib2707;bib3160;bib3343;bib3801;bib3802;bib3803;bib3839;bib3894;bib3922;bib5639;bib63;bib762;bib778;bib779, +1041-bib,1041,bib,See Source,,,bib2863;bib3291;bib5954;bib63;bib6342;bib6343, +4202-bib,4202,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6862;bib7689;bib7690;bib777, +6736-bib,6736,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +647-bib,647,bib,See Source,,,bib3751;bib4817;bib5045;bib63;bib6799;bib7611, +5632-bib,5632,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib8097, +2369-bib,2369,bib,See Source,,,bib4839;bib63, +3206-bib,3206,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5415-bib,5415,bib,See Source,,,bib3485;bib63, +3093-bib,3093,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6904, +4181-bib,4181,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3247-bib,3247,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib63, +1578-bib,1578,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 6790-bib,6790,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5870-bib,5870,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -8172-bib,8172,bib,See Source,,,bib2454;bib63;bib989;bib990, -6776-bib,6776,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4265-bib,4265,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1845-bib,1845,bib,See Source,,,bib1979;bib513;bib63;bib690;bib7679, -2051-bib,2051,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3984-bib,3984,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4537-bib,4537,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6780-bib,6780,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5867-bib,5867,bib,See Source,,,bib2213;bib5469;bib63, -6726-bib,6726,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3519-bib,3519,bib,See Source,,,bib573;bib63, -4108-bib,4108,bib,See Source,,,bib2111;bib2112;bib4302;bib4303;bib63, -5647-bib,5647,bib,See Source,,,bib2046;bib5592;bib63;bib742;bib744, -1599-bib,1599,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5361-bib,5361,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +7361-bib,7361,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +581-bib,581,bib,See Source,,,bib3646;bib3649;bib63, +3277-bib,3277,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4449-bib,4449,bib,See Source,,,bib1139;bib509;bib63, +4742-bib,4742,bib,See Source,,,bib1328;bib2444;bib3458;bib3857;bib4455;bib4460;bib4869;bib5987;bib6204;bib63;bib6540;bib6544;bib6735;bib6736;bib7675;bib770;bib933;bib971, +4541-bib,4541,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +583-bib,583,bib,See Source,,,bib2679;bib3413;bib3967;bib5042;bib63;bib928, +4263-bib,4263,bib,See Source,,,bib1718;bib4835;bib63, 5349-bib,5349,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4380-bib,4380,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -481-bib,481,bib,See Source,,,bib1456;bib4987;bib528;bib529;bib530;bib63, -3052-bib,3052,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2214-bib,2214,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3410-bib,3410,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5129-bib,5129,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7965, -3540-bib,3540,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3164-bib,3164,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5342-bib,5342,bib,See Source,,,bib1109;bib3740;bib4994;bib63;bib6680;bib7857, -6149-bib,6149,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4961-bib,4961,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7173, -5343-bib,5343,bib,See Source,,,bib2743;bib3254;bib3625;bib3626;bib4994;bib4995;bib63, -1232-bib,1232,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5945-bib,5945,bib,See Source,,,bib6167;bib63;bib7424;bib936;bib937, -4939-bib,4939,bib,See Source,,,bib4528;bib4529;bib63, -1041-bib,1041,bib,See Source,,,bib2849;bib3275;bib5930;bib63;bib6318;bib6319, -1674-bib,1674,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2713-bib,2713,bib,See Source,,,bib5118;bib6190;bib6191;bib6193;bib6195;bib63;bib7098;bib7323, -3501-bib,3501,bib,See Source,,,bib4770;bib63;bib7370, -10377-bib,10377,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib3264;bib5307;bib63, -362-bib,362,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7429, -10378-bib,10378,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib63, -4396-bib,4396,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1885-bib,1885,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3978-bib,3978,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6880, -6718-bib,6718,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5413-bib,5413,bib,See Source,,,bib2847;bib2850;bib557;bib63;bib8349, +4255-bib,4255,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2209-bib,2209,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4262-bib,4262,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6605, +4537-bib,4537,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5376-bib,5376,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3400-bib,3400,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6699-bib,6699,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5362-bib,5362,bib,See Source,,,bib1343;bib63, +5343-bib,5343,bib,See Source,,,bib2757;bib3270;bib3644;bib3645;bib5016;bib5017;bib63, +3412-bib,3412,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6807-bib,6807,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3402-bib,3402,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7057, +3051-bib,3051,bib,See Source,,,bib4864;bib63, +5252-bib,5252,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2678-bib,2678,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5290-bib,5290,bib,See Source,,,bib5302;bib63, +5431-bib,5431,bib,See Source,,,bib1687;bib1708;bib1711;bib4074;bib63;bib7128;bib7133;bib7156, +3440-bib,3440,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4659-bib,4659,bib,See Source,,,bib4902;bib63, +5556-bib,5556,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5432-bib,5432,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6449;bib76, +7117-bib,7117,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5697-bib,5697,bib,See Source,,,bib1138;bib4779;bib5208;bib63;bib6686;bib7060, +7253-bib,7253,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6799-bib,6799,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3155-bib,3155,bib,See Source,,,bib110;bib253;bib4173;bib4745;bib5905;bib63;bib641;bib7112;bib749, +4108-bib,4108,bib,See Source,,,bib2124;bib2125;bib4323;bib4324;bib63, +7004-bib,7004,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4878-bib,4878,bib,See Source,,,bib1344;bib3100;bib63, +2913-bib,2913,bib,See Source,,,bib4750;bib516;bib5440;bib5443;bib556;bib63;bib8147, +3423-bib,3423,bib,See Source,,,bib2975;bib2980;bib2981;bib5632;bib63;bib7635, +1886-bib,1886,bib,See Source,,,bib2649;bib3035;bib3036;bib3058;bib3179;bib3235;bib3375;bib3857;bib3858;bib3914;bib3943;bib4790;bib484;bib63;bib6711;bib6971;bib7675;bib7677;bib782, +4909-bib,4909,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3382-bib,3382,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3448-bib,3448,bib,See Source,,,bib4080;bib616;bib63, +5448-bib,5448,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1857-bib,1857,bib,See Source,,,bib4466;bib5112;bib5113;bib63, +4271-bib,4271,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1584-bib,1584,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4280-bib,4280,bib,See Source,,,bib2048;bib2228;bib2581;bib5390;bib63;bib6498;bib6691;bib6897;bib76, +4686-bib,4686,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3596-bib,3596,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5660-bib,5660,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +943-bib,943,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6692-bib,6692,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +2296-bib,2296,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +592-bib,592,bib,See Source,,,bib4879;bib63;bib971, +4734-bib,4734,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6654-bib,6654,bib,See Source,,,bib5280;bib63, +4240-bib,4240,bib,See Source,,,bib3832;bib63, +2246-bib,2246,bib,See Source,,,bib2196;bib3610;bib4443;bib4444;bib4718;bib5031;bib63, +1440-bib,1440,bib,See Source,,,bib2974;bib6152;bib63, +3129-bib,3129,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6741-bib,6741,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5190-bib,5190,bib,See Source,,,bib4649;bib63;bib7455, +2505-bib,2505,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6189-bib,6189,bib,See Source,,,bib63, 4570-bib,4570,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3363-bib,3363,bib,See Source,,,bib3396;bib5303;bib63;bib6852, +10444-bib,10444,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7263, +3387-bib,3387,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6798-bib,6798,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3041-bib,3041,bib,See Source,,,bib3099;bib3101;bib63, +595-bib,595,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7211, +9109-bib,9109,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1246-bib,1246,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6887;bib6890;bib6891, +5592-bib,5592,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7217;bib7218, +7589-bib,7589,bib,See Source,,,bib1903;bib63;bib6649;bib7554, +1924-bib,1924,bib,See Source,,,bib1858;bib63;bib7822, +597-bib,597,bib,See Source,,,bib1328;bib2444;bib3456;bib3458;bib3857;bib4455;bib4460;bib4869;bib5987;bib6204;bib63;bib6735;bib6736;bib7675;bib770;bib971, +6721-bib,6721,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +364-bib,364,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6779-bib,6779,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3544-bib,3544,bib,See Source,,,bib1150;bib1700;bib2011;bib2716;bib2720;bib3175;bib3360;bib3820;bib3821;bib3822;bib3858;bib3914;bib3942;bib5663;bib63;bib766;bib782;bib783, +1592-bib,1592,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6785-bib,6785,bib,See Source,,,bib5656;bib63, +6712-bib,6712,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +6718-bib,6718,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1885-bib,1885,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +605-bib,605,bib,See Source,,,bib1052;bib1053;bib1054;bib1055;bib1056;bib1057;bib1328;bib1337;bib1356;bib1831;bib203;bib2087;bib2293;bib2370;bib2442;bib2444;bib2458;bib2459;bib2465;bib2668;bib2670;bib2718;bib3049;bib3155;bib3176;bib3390;bib3391;bib3532;bib3567;bib3568;bib3658;bib3731;bib3732;bib3763;bib3764;bib3874;bib3974;bib4023;bib4024;bib4285;bib4286;bib4287;bib4288;bib4289;bib4290;bib441;bib5644;bib5987;bib6195;bib63;bib649;bib650;bib652;bib6522;bib6523;bib6525;bib6526;bib676;bib7055;bib7056;bib7478;bib7673;bib7691;bib771;bib779;bib7926;bib876;bib877;bib920;bib971;bib979;bib980;bib981;bib989;bib996, +4092-bib,4092,bib,See Source,,,bib4743;bib4744;bib63;bib640, +5410-bib,5410,bib,See Source,,,bib3965;bib4623;bib4735;bib63, +5696-bib,5696,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1614-bib,1614,bib,See Source,,,bib3122;bib462;bib4742;bib5296;bib5311;bib5407;bib63;bib639;bib7353;bib8316;bib8326;bib874;bib875, +4978-bib,4978,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +5129-bib,5129,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib7990, +4093-bib,4093,bib,See Source,,,bib2409;bib63;bib76, 3269-bib,3269,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -1595-bib,1595,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6747-bib,6747,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4734-bib,4734,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5660-bib,5660,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2826-bib,2826,bib,See Source,,,bib1239;bib1319;bib1824;bib1841;bib1965;bib203;bib2078;bib2152;bib2205;bib2206;bib2207;bib2279;bib2280;bib2318;bib2372;bib2373;bib2374;bib2375;bib2376;bib2429;bib2431;bib2442;bib2443;bib2448;bib2449;bib2450;bib2451;bib2452;bib2453;bib2655;bib2657;bib2706;bib2713;bib2714;bib2972;bib3140;bib3161;bib3193;bib3272;bib3549;bib3550;bib3639;bib3695;bib3784;bib3854;bib4006;bib4007;bib4175;bib4176;bib4265;bib4266;bib4269;bib440;bib4433;bib4438;bib4831;bib5500;bib5963;bib63;bib647;bib648;bib6498;bib767;bib775;bib7901;bib8266;bib8267;bib985, -4262-bib,4262,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6581, -1246-bib,1246,bib,See Source,,,bib63;bib6863;bib6866;bib6867, -3201-bib,3201,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5363-bib,5363,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2913-bib,2913,bib,See Source,,,bib4728;bib513;bib5417;bib5420;bib553;bib63;bib8122, -7256-bib,7256,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3927-bib,3927,bib,See Source,,,bib6109;bib63;bib6756, -5711-bib,5711,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2174-bib,2174,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6782-bib,6782,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -6734-bib,6734,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -2678-bib,2678,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3509-bib,3509,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4854-bib,4854,bib,See Source,,,bib5435;bib63, -961-bib,961,bib,See Source,,,bib3400;bib63;bib6323, -1571-bib,1571,bib,See Source,,,bib5838;bib63;bib7866, -3041-bib,3041,bib,See Source,,,bib3085;bib3087;bib63, -1578-bib,1578,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -4092-bib,4092,bib,See Source,,,bib4721;bib4722;bib63;bib636, +1593-bib,1593,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib5295;bib6258;bib63;bib632;bib633;bib6465;bib8096, +6784-bib,6784,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4939-bib,4939,bib,See Source,,,bib4549;bib4550;bib63, +1751-bib,1751,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3339-bib,3339,bib,See Source,,,bib3431;bib4466;bib63, +3582-bib,3582,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1253-bib,1253,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +8172-bib,8172,bib,See Source,,,bib2467;bib63;bib993;bib994, +2211-bib,2211,bib,See Source,,,bib1792;bib1794;bib388;bib63, 6803-bib,6803,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -5556-bib,5556,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -7589-bib,7589,bib,See Source,,,bib1891;bib63;bib6625;bib7529, -1588-bib,1588,bib,See Source,,,bib63, -3207-bib,3207,bib,See Source,,,bib2596;bib64;bib7808;bib8016;bib8028, -10893-bib,10893,bib,See Source,,,bib4818;bib66, -3351-bib,3351,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib67;bib6908;bib6960, -1127-bib,1127,bib,See Source,,,bib2461;bib5480;bib6233;bib67;bib6730, -6085-bib,6085,bib,See Source,,,bib2628;bib3224;bib3225;bib3237;bib3588;bib4494;bib5966;bib6204;bib6531;bib6584;bib67;bib6972;bib747;bib7839;bib7840;bib7995;bib7996;bib7997;bib7998;bib8000, -1459-bib,1459,bib,See Source,,,bib67;bib787, -5650-bib,5650,bib,See Source,,,bib5433;bib67;bib6912;bib7285, -2829-bib,2829,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib5307;bib67;bib7938, +6726-bib,6726,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1674-bib,1674,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3276-bib,3276,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3979-bib,3979,bib,See Source,,,bib3097;bib3098;bib63;bib7091, +3866-bib,3866,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +1021-bib,1021,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3585-bib,3585,bib,See Source,,,bib272;bib4624;bib5464;bib63;bib7595;bib7750;bib7951, +6776-bib,6776,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +4380-bib,4380,bib,See Source,,,bib63, +3207-bib,3207,bib,See Source,,,bib2609;bib64;bib7833;bib8041;bib8053, +10893-bib,10893,bib,See Source,,,bib4840;bib66, +1459-bib,1459,bib,See Source,,,bib67;bib791, +2829-bib,2829,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib5330;bib67;bib7963, +6085-bib,6085,bib,See Source,,,bib2641;bib3239;bib3240;bib3252;bib3606;bib4515;bib5990;bib6228;bib6555;bib6608;bib67;bib6996;bib751;bib7864;bib7865;bib8020;bib8021;bib8022;bib8023;bib8025, +3351-bib,3351,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib67;bib6932;bib6984, +5650-bib,5650,bib,See Source,,,bib5456;bib67;bib6936;bib7309, 1267-bib,1267,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib67, +1127-bib,1127,bib,See Source,,,bib2474;bib5503;bib6257;bib67;bib6754, 3912-bib,3912,bib,See Source,,,bib67, -3170-bib,3170,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib3781;bib69, -4774-bib,4774,bib,See Source,,,bib69, +4483-bib,4483,bib,See Source,,,bib69, +3170-bib,3170,bib,See Source,,,bib2283;bib3800;bib69, 10457-bib,10457,bib,See Source,,,bib69, -10458-bib,10458,bib,See Source,,,bib1546;bib1783;bib1797;bib1932;bib2856;bib3541;bib3542;bib4539;bib6480;bib69, +10458-bib,10458,bib,See Source,,,bib1558;bib1795;bib1809;bib1944;bib2870;bib3559;bib3560;bib4560;bib6504;bib69, +4774-bib,4774,bib,See Source,,,bib69, 10666-bib,10666,bib,See Source,,,bib69, 10611-bib,10611,bib,See Source,,,bib69, -4483-bib,4483,bib,See Source,,,bib69, -3968-bib,3968,bib,See Source,,,bib4087;bib6063;bib6817;bib70, -3971-bib,3971,bib,See Source,,,bib5177;bib5183;bib70, -1912-bib,1912,bib,See Source,,,bib303;bib532;bib76, -4439-bib,4439,bib,See Source,,,bib4089;bib6817;bib76, -2314-bib,2314,bib,See Source,,,bib4077;bib4143;bib6444;bib78, -2769-bib,2769,bib,See Source,,,bib5307;bib80, -3017-bib,3017,bib,See Source,,,bib245;bib5876;bib6919;bib6920;bib7202;bib7420;bib81, -2665-bib,2665,bib,See Source,,,bib5296;bib584;bib8174;bib82;bib8202, -5427-bib,5427,bib,See Source,,,bib7850;bib7851;bib7852;bib83, -3260-bib,3260,bib,See Source,,,bib1062;bib2317;bib3753;bib6068;bib6116;bib6429;bib7071;bib7132;bib7245;bib7346;bib8074;bib84;bib862;bib939, -4636-bib,4636,bib,See Source,,,bib1950;bib2597;bib4277;bib5722;bib6156;bib8028;bib85, -2897-bib,2897,bib,See Source,,,bib1934;bib3759;bib565;bib566;bib567;bib5821;bib750;bib751;bib752;bib86, -3010-bib,3010,bib,See Source,,,bib1935;bib7250;bib7549;bib7863;bib87;bib88, -2434-bib,2434,bib,See Source,,,bib4049;bib475;bib507;bib590;bib6672;bib749;bib89, -1953-bib,1953,bib,See Source,,,bib292;bib3452;bib4360;bib543;bib5687;bib5688;bib5689;bib6341;bib6359;bib6360;bib6361;bib6362;bib7005;bib719;bib7542;bib7758;bib7834;bib8111;bib8134;bib8137;bib8154;bib90, -4592-bib,4592,bib,See Source,,,bib1156;bib1157;bib120;bib1245;bib1633;bib1634;bib1635;bib1636;bib1637;bib1641;bib1642;bib1647;bib2226;bib2638;bib2681;bib2783;bib279;bib2906;bib3113;bib3123;bib3127;bib318;bib3419;bib3420;bib3421;bib3479;bib3498;bib3524;bib3537;bib3811;bib3812;bib3975;bib3976;bib406;bib408;bib4315;bib4469;bib5909;bib6354;bib6466;bib7083;bib91;bib961;bib962;bib963, -1763-bib,1763,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib3422;bib5396;bib93, -2374-bib,2374,bib,See Source,,,bib2931;bib3851;bib4017;bib4239;bib4502;bib4882;bib6038;bib6676;bib6677;bib6678;bib7611;bib7804;bib7805;bib94, -1862-bib,1862,bib,See Source,,,bib2959;bib2962;bib2968;bib2969;bib2982;bib2985;bib3014;bib6525;bib7911;bib95, -3208-bib,3208,bib,See Source,,,bib2978;bib355;bib5341;bib5348;bib6114;bib7218;bib7928;bib8303;bib96, -1740-bib,1740,bib,See Source,,,bib1117;bib2340;bib2341;bib3119;bib3121;bib6331;bib8157;bib96, -1951-bib,1951,bib,See Source,,,bib2978;bib352;bib355;bib96, -558-bib,558,bib,See Source,,,bib1146;bib1147;bib1148;bib1552;bib1630;bib2669;bib2670;bib3914;bib4159;bib4229;bib483;bib5020;bib534;bib614;bib99, -4775-bib,4775,bib,See Source,,,bib102;bib1986;bib4479;bib4884;bib4885;bib5432;bib6088;bib6089;bib6103;bib7021;bib8070;bib8247, -2366-bib,2366,bib,See Source,,,bib104;bib4311;bib5393;bib5394;bib885, -2295-bib,2295,bib,See Source,,,bib105;bib8068, -5873-bib,5873,bib,See Source,,,bib109;bib2237;bib2238;bib2241;bib2243;bib3564;bib5972;bib6123;bib6219;bib6220;bib6222;bib7733;bib7734, -1043-bib,1043,bib,See Source,,,bib111;bib1136;bib1137;bib1138;bib2764;bib7342;bib7343;bib8039, -2146-bib,2146,bib,See Source,,,bib112;bib2495;bib4730;bib5680;bib6300, -947-bib,947,bib,See Source,,,bib113;bib4144, -1948-bib,1948,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib1427;bib2973;bib3704;bib3705;bib3782;bib7208;bib8133, -1954-bib,1954,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib2768;bib7390;bib8115;bib8222, -2137-bib,2137,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib1496;bib1499;bib2766;bib5102;bib5103;bib7555, -2114-bib,2114,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib2095;bib2337;bib2338;bib2920;bib2923;bib296;bib3571;bib3572;bib3573;bib3574;bib431;bib497;bib5101;bib5254;bib5349;bib5350;bib5827;bib5847;bib6054;bib6057;bib6228;bib6330;bib7184;bib7230;bib8255, -1686-bib,1686,bib,See Source,,,bib116;bib3012;bib5377;bib5378;bib5379;bib7676, -2915-bib,2915,bib,See Source,,,bib118;bib1268;bib2544;bib5417;bib7561;bib8263;bib8264, -5989-bib,5989,bib,See Source,,,bib121;bib1275;bib1288;bib1679;bib1749;bib2079;bib2666;bib3395;bib3809;bib4162;bib4163;bib4164;bib426;bib4599;bib4607;bib4963;bib5020;bib5969;bib6419;bib6430;bib651;bib654;bib6552;bib6590;bib6592;bib6714;bib680;bib8166;bib8167;bib8234, -5656-bib,5656,bib,See Source,,,bib123;bib2726;bib4298;bib8032, -2160-bib,2160,bib,See Source,,,bib124;bib2604;bib2605;bib2608;bib2609;bib2611;bib2615;bib2838;bib4689;bib4690;bib5710;bib5760;bib6604;bib6605;bib7133;bib7588;bib8207, -2899-bib,2899,bib,See Source,,,bib125;bib1537;bib1538;bib3319;bib4588;bib4589;bib5712;bib697;bib8206, -1932-bib,1932,bib,See Source,,,bib1255;bib1259;bib126;bib127;bib2460;bib368;bib3714;bib4369;bib4876;bib5380;bib5382;bib6971, -1917-bib,1917,bib,See Source,,,bib129;bib2821;bib3691;bib4660;bib5246;bib6159;bib6165, -2276-bib,2276,bib,See Source,,,bib132;bib3628, -2220-bib,2220,bib,See Source,,,bib132;bib1742;bib1744;bib3265;bib7080, -4660-bib,4660,bib,See Source,,,bib1152;bib135;bib136;bib1804;bib1806;bib1849;bib295;bib3239;bib3412;bib6457;bib7271, -1363-bib,1363,bib,See Source,,,bib137;bib1857;bib5226;bib7011;bib7323;bib8254;bib8273;bib883, -1529-bib,1529,bib,See Source,,,bib139;bib1809, -1715-bib,1715,bib,See Source,,,bib141;bib515;bib516;bib517;bib6401;bib6402;bib6404;bib6405, -3282-bib,3282,bib,See Source,,,bib143;bib3029;bib356;bib3770;bib4918;bib4919;bib5519;bib6485;bib6486;bib732;bib7989;bib8014;bib879, -4921-bib,4921,bib,See Source,,,bib149;bib2430;bib2658;bib2659;bib2661;bib3392;bib3448;bib3450;bib3496;bib7275;bib7373;bib7434;bib7435;bib796;bib830;bib831;bib834;bib838;bib839;bib846;bib847;bib848;bib851;bib965, -3098-bib,3098,bib,See Source,,,bib151;bib1850;bib2423;bib4729;bib4915;bib6456;bib6460;bib7302;bib8084, -658-bib,658,bib,See Source,,,bib1347;bib1424;bib151;bib1940;bib3256;bib3257;bib3706;bib4291;bib4729;bib6460, -2725-bib,2725,bib,See Source,,,bib152;bib3122;bib4206;bib4325;bib4792;bib6650, +3971-bib,3971,bib,See Source,,,bib5199;bib5205;bib70, +3968-bib,3968,bib,See Source,,,bib4107;bib6087;bib6841;bib70, +4439-bib,4439,bib,See Source,,,bib4109;bib6841;bib76, +1912-bib,1912,bib,See Source,,,bib303;bib535;bib76, +2314-bib,2314,bib,See Source,,,bib4097;bib4163;bib6468;bib78, +2769-bib,2769,bib,See Source,,,bib5330;bib80, +3017-bib,3017,bib,See Source,,,bib245;bib5900;bib6943;bib6944;bib7226;bib7444;bib81, +2665-bib,2665,bib,See Source,,,bib5319;bib587;bib8199;bib82;bib8227, +5427-bib,5427,bib,See Source,,,bib7875;bib7876;bib7877;bib83, +3260-bib,3260,bib,See Source,,,bib1066;bib2330;bib3772;bib6092;bib6140;bib6453;bib7095;bib7156;bib7269;bib7370;bib8099;bib84;bib866;bib943, +4636-bib,4636,bib,See Source,,,bib1962;bib2610;bib4297;bib5746;bib6180;bib8053;bib85, +2897-bib,2897,bib,See Source,,,bib1946;bib3778;bib568;bib569;bib570;bib5845;bib754;bib755;bib756;bib86, +3010-bib,3010,bib,See Source,,,bib1947;bib7274;bib7574;bib7888;bib87;bib88, +2434-bib,2434,bib,See Source,,,bib4069;bib478;bib510;bib593;bib6696;bib753;bib89, +1953-bib,1953,bib,See Source,,,bib292;bib3470;bib4381;bib546;bib5711;bib5712;bib5713;bib6365;bib6383;bib6384;bib6385;bib6386;bib7029;bib723;bib7567;bib7783;bib7859;bib8136;bib8159;bib8162;bib8179;bib90, +4592-bib,4592,bib,See Source,,,bib1165;bib1166;bib120;bib1254;bib1645;bib1646;bib1647;bib1648;bib1649;bib1653;bib1654;bib1659;bib2239;bib2651;bib2694;bib279;bib2797;bib2920;bib3128;bib3138;bib3142;bib318;bib3437;bib3438;bib3439;bib3497;bib3516;bib3542;bib3555;bib3830;bib3831;bib3995;bib3996;bib407;bib409;bib4336;bib4490;bib5933;bib6378;bib6490;bib7107;bib91;bib965;bib966;bib967, +1763-bib,1763,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib3440;bib5419;bib93, +2374-bib,2374,bib,See Source,,,bib2945;bib3870;bib4037;bib4259;bib4523;bib4904;bib6062;bib6700;bib6701;bib6702;bib7636;bib7829;bib7830;bib94, +1862-bib,1862,bib,See Source,,,bib2973;bib2976;bib2982;bib2983;bib2996;bib2999;bib3028;bib6549;bib7936;bib95, +1951-bib,1951,bib,See Source,,,bib2992;bib352;bib355;bib96, +3208-bib,3208,bib,See Source,,,bib2992;bib355;bib5364;bib5371;bib6138;bib7242;bib7953;bib8328;bib96, +1740-bib,1740,bib,See Source,,,bib1126;bib2353;bib2354;bib3134;bib3136;bib6355;bib8182;bib96, +558-bib,558,bib,See Source,,,bib1155;bib1156;bib1157;bib1564;bib1642;bib2682;bib2683;bib3934;bib4179;bib4249;bib486;bib5042;bib537;bib617;bib99, +4775-bib,4775,bib,See Source,,,bib102;bib1998;bib4500;bib4906;bib4907;bib5455;bib6112;bib6113;bib6127;bib7045;bib8095;bib8272, +2366-bib,2366,bib,See Source,,,bib104;bib4332;bib5416;bib5417;bib889, +2295-bib,2295,bib,See Source,,,bib105;bib8093, +5873-bib,5873,bib,See Source,,,bib109;bib2250;bib2251;bib2254;bib2256;bib3582;bib5996;bib6147;bib6243;bib6244;bib6246;bib7758;bib7759, +1043-bib,1043,bib,See Source,,,bib111;bib1145;bib1146;bib1147;bib2778;bib7366;bib7367;bib8064, +2146-bib,2146,bib,See Source,,,bib112;bib2508;bib4752;bib5704;bib6324, +947-bib,947,bib,See Source,,,bib113;bib4164, +1954-bib,1954,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib2782;bib7414;bib8140;bib8247, +2137-bib,2137,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib1508;bib1511;bib2780;bib5124;bib5125;bib7580, +1948-bib,1948,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib1439;bib2987;bib3723;bib3724;bib3801;bib7232;bib8158, +2114-bib,2114,bib,See Source,,,bib115;bib2108;bib2350;bib2351;bib2934;bib2937;bib296;bib3589;bib3590;bib3591;bib3592;bib432;bib500;bib5123;bib5277;bib5372;bib5373;bib5851;bib5871;bib6078;bib6081;bib6252;bib6354;bib7208;bib7254;bib8280, +1686-bib,1686,bib,See Source,,,bib116;bib3026;bib5400;bib5401;bib5402;bib7701, +2915-bib,2915,bib,See Source,,,bib118;bib1277;bib2557;bib5440;bib7586;bib8288;bib8289, +5989-bib,5989,bib,See Source,,,bib121;bib1284;bib1297;bib1691;bib1761;bib2092;bib2679;bib3413;bib3828;bib4182;bib4183;bib4184;bib427;bib4620;bib4628;bib4985;bib5042;bib5993;bib6443;bib6454;bib655;bib6576;bib658;bib6614;bib6616;bib6738;bib684;bib8191;bib8192;bib8259, +5656-bib,5656,bib,See Source,,,bib123;bib2740;bib4319;bib8057, +2160-bib,2160,bib,See Source,,,bib124;bib2617;bib2618;bib2621;bib2622;bib2624;bib2628;bib2852;bib4711;bib4712;bib5734;bib5784;bib6628;bib6629;bib7157;bib7613;bib8232, +2899-bib,2899,bib,See Source,,,bib125;bib1549;bib1550;bib3335;bib4609;bib4610;bib5736;bib701;bib8231, +1932-bib,1932,bib,See Source,,,bib126;bib1264;bib1268;bib127;bib2473;bib368;bib3733;bib4390;bib4898;bib5403;bib5405;bib6995, +1917-bib,1917,bib,See Source,,,bib129;bib2835;bib3710;bib4682;bib5269;bib6183;bib6189, +2220-bib,2220,bib,See Source,,,bib132;bib1754;bib1756;bib3281;bib7104, +2276-bib,2276,bib,See Source,,,bib132;bib3647, +4660-bib,4660,bib,See Source,,,bib1161;bib135;bib136;bib1816;bib1818;bib1861;bib295;bib3254;bib3430;bib6481;bib7295, +1363-bib,1363,bib,See Source,,,bib137;bib1869;bib5249;bib7035;bib7347;bib8279;bib8298;bib887, +1529-bib,1529,bib,See Source,,,bib139;bib1821, +1715-bib,1715,bib,See Source,,,bib141;bib518;bib519;bib520;bib6425;bib6426;bib6428;bib6429, +3282-bib,3282,bib,See Source,,,bib143;bib3043;bib356;bib3789;bib4940;bib4941;bib5543;bib6509;bib6510;bib736;bib8014;bib8039;bib883, +4921-bib,4921,bib,See Source,,,bib149;bib2443;bib2671;bib2672;bib2674;bib3410;bib3466;bib3468;bib3514;bib7299;bib7397;bib7458;bib7459;bib800;bib834;bib835;bib838;bib842;bib843;bib850;bib851;bib852;bib855;bib969, +658-bib,658,bib,See Source,,,bib1359;bib1436;bib151;bib1952;bib3272;bib3273;bib3725;bib4312;bib4751;bib6484, +3098-bib,3098,bib,See Source,,,bib151;bib1862;bib2436;bib4751;bib4937;bib6480;bib6484;bib7326;bib8109, +2725-bib,2725,bib,See Source,,,bib152;bib3137;bib4226;bib4346;bib4814;bib6674, 2652-bib,2652,bib,See Source,,,bib153, -2155-bib,2155,bib,See Source,,,bib154;bib196;bib225;bib3286;bib4594;bib4793;bib5826;bib6488;bib8130;bib899, -2148-bib,2148,bib,See Source,,,bib155;bib156;bib157;bib215;bib3017;bib463;bib472;bib473;bib474;bib5241;bib5242;bib5540;bib6296;bib6339;bib6932;bib7205;bib8098;bib8099;bib8211, -2582-bib,2582,bib,See Source,,,bib160;bib3240;bib5458;bib5459;bib5609;bib6181;bib6182;bib6183;bib6847;bib6849;bib7149;bib7266, -4495-bib,4495,bib,See Source,,,bib166;bib4862;bib4863;bib4864;bib5958;bib5959;bib5960;bib8242, -1858-bib,1858,bib,See Source,,,bib1349;bib1358;bib1359;bib167;bib5389;bib5891;bib5940;bib7870;bib7885;bib7886, -7309-bib,7309,bib,See Source,,,bib170;bib321;bib3338;bib3339;bib3768;bib4382;bib4424;bib4799;bib5013;bib5232;bib6546;bib6684;bib6951;bib944, -2905-bib,2905,bib,See Source,,,bib171;bib4712;bib774, -2971-bib,2971,bib,See Source,,,bib1112;bib174;bib175;bib3346;bib5542;bib5946;bib7063;bib7213;bib8156, -8125-bib,8125,bib,See Source,,,bib177;bib302;bib5769, -1415-bib,1415,bib,See Source,,,bib180;bib2880;bib4240;bib4710;bib5606;bib6731, -4123-bib,4123,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib182;bib5095, -4363-bib,4363,bib,See Source,,,bib183;bib5083, -4381-bib,4381,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib184;bib2157;bib2159;bib2428;bib3181;bib5081;bib5429;bib6201;bib6202;bib7026;bib817, -4333-bib,4333,bib,See Source,,,bib1318;bib185;bib5429;bib7447, -3193-bib,3193,bib,See Source,,,bib188;bib7919, -981-bib,981,bib,See Source,,,bib191;bib2513;bib6954;bib7248, -3038-bib,3038,bib,See Source,,,bib192;bib619, -2671-bib,2671,bib,See Source,,,bib1153;bib198;bib4205;bib8118, -2692-bib,2692,bib,See Source,,,bib199;bib2691;bib4834;bib4836;bib5054;bib5455;bib804, -8049-bib,8049,bib,See Source,,,bib1348;bib201;bib2406;bib2710;bib3779;bib5022;bib5023;bib5984;bib7586;bib7760, -1851-bib,1851,bib,See Source,,,bib206;bib240;bib2719;bib8090;bib8091, -2952-bib,2952,bib,See Source,,,bib207;bib2526;bib2527;bib2528;bib2529;bib2532;bib2533;bib2534;bib3285;bib3454, -3107-bib,3107,bib,See Source,,,bib1040;bib209;bib2509;bib2640;bib3241;bib3354;bib3958;bib422;bib5038;bib5039;bib5040;bib5146;bib5601;bib5603;bib5604;bib5605, -4838-bib,4838,bib,See Source,,,bib212;bib2878;bib6535;bib7132;bib7272;bib7463;bib7464;bib7465;bib7466, -10429-bib,10429,bib,See Source,,,bib214;bib621, -4173-bib,4173,bib,See Source,,,bib1315;bib217;bib401;bib622, -2849-bib,2849,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib234;bib308;bib5307;bib7708;bib7918;bib8112, -603-bib,603,bib,See Source,,,bib1610;bib2124;bib2125;bib2126;bib2127;bib2128;bib217;bib3182;bib3838;bib4437;bib4860;bib6928;bib6931;bib7822;bib926;bib967, -1651-bib,1651,bib,See Source,,,bib1106;bib1107;bib218;bib4734;bib6328;bib7546, -1067-bib,1067,bib,See Source,,,bib219;bib4395;bib4407;bib5264;bib5266;bib5267;bib7750, -5702-bib,5702,bib,See Source,,,bib1988;bib220;bib3298;bib3299;bib4288;bib4359;bib6207;bib6536;bib6953;bib7540, -2963-bib,2963,bib,See Source,,,bib1252;bib225;bib7228, -1720-bib,1720,bib,See Source,,,bib225;bib3329;bib3337;bib4594;bib5518;bib5541, -2028-bib,2028,bib,See Source,,,bib1378;bib225;bib2573;bib2574;bib2575;bib4594;bib5922;bib7517;bib7519, -2965-bib,2965,bib,See Source,,,bib226;bib2942;bib3317;bib4365;bib6020;bib6022;bib6527;bib6528;bib6732;bib7404, -3086-bib,3086,bib,See Source,,,bib227;bib2421;bib2472;bib305;bib3461;bib4079;bib4241;bib4593;bib4735;bib5412;bib5707;bib5882;bib5883;bib6251;bib6331;bib6407;bib6715;bib6716;bib6720, -7849-bib,7849,bib,See Source,,,bib1417;bib1567;bib1904;bib2035;bib228;bib2390;bib2839;bib2840;bib5711;bib592;bib6461;bib6462;bib6463;bib6464;bib6647;bib6897;bib6898;bib7137;bib7163;bib8077;bib8078;bib8079;bib8110;bib8148;bib8149;bib8172;bib8208;bib8209, -3202-bib,3202,bib,See Source,,,bib229;bib2547;bib2549;bib4250;bib5915;bib5916;bib5977;bib8093, -7711-bib,7711,bib,See Source,,,bib1954;bib1955;bib231;bib429;bib6014;bib8081, -7709-bib,7709,bib,See Source,,,bib1469;bib231;bib2354;bib6014, -1754-bib,1754,bib,See Source,,,bib1954;bib231;bib2579;bib4716;bib6014;bib7397;bib8081;bib837, -2065-bib,2065,bib,See Source,,,bib232;bib270;bib4029;bib4457;bib5832;bib5834;bib5835;bib5836;bib5837;bib5840;bib5926;bib6292;bib6445;bib6903;bib7823;bib7993, -2832-bib,2832,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib7938, -3014-bib,3014,bib,See Source,,,bib235;bib342;bib7209, -2981-bib,2981,bib,See Source,,,bib1773;bib1905;bib1906;bib1907;bib235;bib2991;bib3649;bib4973;bib4984;bib5114;bib5948;bib7086, -1864-bib,1864,bib,See Source,,,bib1628;bib235;bib341;bib342;bib343;bib4983;bib7209, -848-bib,848,bib,See Source,,,bib237;bib2562;bib3304;bib3305;bib3306, -672-bib,672,bib,See Source,,,bib1895;bib238;bib4577;bib4578;bib4580;bib4583, -3085-bib,3085,bib,See Source,,,bib239;bib5114;bib5541;bib6927, -6200-bib,6200,bib,See Source,,,bib243;bib424;bib5936;bib7999, -5630-bib,5630,bib,See Source,,,bib244;bib4185;bib7310, -881-bib,881,bib,See Source,,,bib247;bib248;bib249;bib250;bib251;bib903, -61-bib,61,bib,See Source,,,bib1094;bib1095;bib1096;bib1431;bib1432;bib1492;bib1881;bib1882;bib1883;bib1884;bib2500;bib2501;bib2502;bib252;bib2648;bib278;bib3556;bib3793;bib3794;bib3925;bib4064;bib4065;bib4409;bib4425;bib4847;bib8276;bib921;bib985, +2155-bib,2155,bib,See Source,,,bib154;bib196;bib225;bib3302;bib4615;bib4815;bib5850;bib6512;bib8155;bib903, +2148-bib,2148,bib,See Source,,,bib155;bib156;bib157;bib215;bib3031;bib464;bib475;bib476;bib477;bib5264;bib5265;bib5564;bib6320;bib6363;bib6956;bib7229;bib8123;bib8124;bib8236, +2582-bib,2582,bib,See Source,,,bib160;bib3255;bib5481;bib5482;bib5633;bib6205;bib6206;bib6207;bib6871;bib6873;bib7173;bib7290, +4495-bib,4495,bib,See Source,,,bib166;bib4884;bib4885;bib4886;bib5982;bib5983;bib5984;bib8267, +1858-bib,1858,bib,See Source,,,bib1361;bib1370;bib1371;bib167;bib5412;bib5915;bib5964;bib7895;bib7910;bib7911, +7309-bib,7309,bib,See Source,,,bib170;bib321;bib3355;bib3356;bib3787;bib4403;bib4445;bib4821;bib5035;bib5255;bib6570;bib6708;bib6975;bib948, +2905-bib,2905,bib,See Source,,,bib171;bib4734;bib778, +2971-bib,2971,bib,See Source,,,bib1121;bib174;bib175;bib3363;bib5566;bib5970;bib7087;bib7237;bib8181, +8125-bib,8125,bib,See Source,,,bib177;bib302;bib5793, +1415-bib,1415,bib,See Source,,,bib180;bib2894;bib4260;bib4732;bib5630;bib6755, +4123-bib,4123,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib182;bib5117, +4363-bib,4363,bib,See Source,,,bib183;bib5105, +4381-bib,4381,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib184;bib2170;bib2172;bib2441;bib3196;bib5103;bib5452;bib6225;bib6226;bib7050;bib821, +4333-bib,4333,bib,See Source,,,bib1327;bib185;bib5452;bib7471, +3193-bib,3193,bib,See Source,,,bib188;bib7944, +981-bib,981,bib,See Source,,,bib191;bib2526;bib6978;bib7272, +3038-bib,3038,bib,See Source,,,bib192;bib622, +2671-bib,2671,bib,See Source,,,bib1162;bib198;bib4225;bib8143, +2692-bib,2692,bib,See Source,,,bib199;bib2704;bib4856;bib4858;bib5076;bib5478;bib808, +8049-bib,8049,bib,See Source,,,bib1360;bib201;bib2419;bib2724;bib3798;bib5044;bib5045;bib6008;bib7611;bib7785, +1851-bib,1851,bib,See Source,,,bib206;bib240;bib2733;bib8115;bib8116, +2952-bib,2952,bib,See Source,,,bib207;bib2539;bib2540;bib2541;bib2542;bib2545;bib2546;bib2547;bib3301;bib3472, +3107-bib,3107,bib,See Source,,,bib1044;bib209;bib2522;bib2653;bib3256;bib3371;bib3978;bib423;bib5060;bib5061;bib5062;bib5168;bib5625;bib5627;bib5628;bib5629, +4838-bib,4838,bib,See Source,,,bib212;bib2892;bib6559;bib7156;bib7296;bib7487;bib7488;bib7489;bib7490, +10429-bib,10429,bib,See Source,,,bib214;bib624, +603-bib,603,bib,See Source,,,bib1622;bib2137;bib2138;bib2139;bib2140;bib2141;bib217;bib3197;bib3857;bib4458;bib4882;bib6952;bib6955;bib7847;bib930;bib971, +4173-bib,4173,bib,See Source,,,bib1324;bib217;bib402;bib625, +2849-bib,2849,bib,See Source,,,bib217;bib234;bib308;bib5330;bib7733;bib7943;bib8137, +1651-bib,1651,bib,See Source,,,bib1115;bib1116;bib218;bib4756;bib6352;bib7571, +1067-bib,1067,bib,See Source,,,bib219;bib4416;bib4428;bib5287;bib5289;bib5290;bib7775, +5702-bib,5702,bib,See Source,,,bib2000;bib220;bib3314;bib3315;bib4309;bib4380;bib6231;bib6560;bib6977;bib7565, +1720-bib,1720,bib,See Source,,,bib225;bib3346;bib3354;bib4615;bib5542;bib5565, +2963-bib,2963,bib,See Source,,,bib1261;bib225;bib7252, +2028-bib,2028,bib,See Source,,,bib1390;bib225;bib2586;bib2587;bib2588;bib4615;bib5946;bib7542;bib7544, +2965-bib,2965,bib,See Source,,,bib226;bib2956;bib3333;bib4386;bib6044;bib6046;bib6551;bib6552;bib6756;bib7428, +3086-bib,3086,bib,See Source,,,bib227;bib2434;bib2485;bib305;bib3479;bib4099;bib4261;bib4614;bib4757;bib5435;bib5731;bib5906;bib5907;bib6275;bib6355;bib6431;bib6739;bib6740;bib6744, +7849-bib,7849,bib,See Source,,,bib1429;bib1579;bib1916;bib2047;bib228;bib2403;bib2853;bib2854;bib5735;bib595;bib6485;bib6486;bib6487;bib6488;bib6671;bib6921;bib6922;bib7161;bib7187;bib8102;bib8103;bib8104;bib8135;bib8173;bib8174;bib8197;bib8233;bib8234, +3202-bib,3202,bib,See Source,,,bib229;bib2560;bib2562;bib4270;bib5939;bib5940;bib6001;bib8118, +7711-bib,7711,bib,See Source,,,bib1966;bib1967;bib231;bib430;bib6038;bib8106, +1754-bib,1754,bib,See Source,,,bib1966;bib231;bib2592;bib4738;bib6038;bib7421;bib8106;bib841, +7709-bib,7709,bib,See Source,,,bib1481;bib231;bib2367;bib6038, +2065-bib,2065,bib,See Source,,,bib232;bib270;bib4049;bib4478;bib5856;bib5858;bib5859;bib5860;bib5861;bib5864;bib5950;bib6316;bib6469;bib6927;bib7848;bib8018, +2832-bib,2832,bib,See Source,,,bib234;bib7963, +2981-bib,2981,bib,See Source,,,bib1785;bib1917;bib1918;bib1919;bib235;bib3005;bib3668;bib4995;bib5006;bib5136;bib5972;bib7110, +3014-bib,3014,bib,See Source,,,bib235;bib342;bib7233, +1864-bib,1864,bib,See Source,,,bib1640;bib235;bib341;bib342;bib343;bib5005;bib7233, +848-bib,848,bib,See Source,,,bib237;bib2575;bib3320;bib3321;bib3322, +672-bib,672,bib,See Source,,,bib1907;bib238;bib4598;bib4599;bib4601;bib4604, +3085-bib,3085,bib,See Source,,,bib239;bib5136;bib5565;bib6951, +6200-bib,6200,bib,See Source,,,bib243;bib425;bib5960;bib8024, +5630-bib,5630,bib,See Source,,,bib244;bib4205;bib7334, +881-bib,881,bib,See Source,,,bib247;bib248;bib249;bib250;bib251;bib907, +61-bib,61,bib,See Source,,,bib1103;bib1104;bib1105;bib1443;bib1444;bib1504;bib1893;bib1894;bib1895;bib1896;bib2513;bib2514;bib2515;bib252;bib2661;bib278;bib3574;bib3812;bib3813;bib3945;bib4084;bib4085;bib4430;bib4446;bib4869;bib8301;bib925;bib989, 2064-bib,2064,bib,See Source,,,bib254, -5057-bib,5057,bib,See Source,,,bib1321;bib1607;bib2155;bib2160;bib2161;bib259;bib260;bib261;bib262;bib264;bib265;bib2663;bib2933;bib2934;bib3551;bib3820;bib4444;bib4525;bib4755;bib4786;bib542;bib802;bib836;bib850, -3015-bib,3015,bib,See Source,,,bib1531;bib1939;bib267;bib3376;bib4807;bib7831;bib7833, +5057-bib,5057,bib,See Source,,,bib1330;bib1619;bib2168;bib2173;bib2174;bib259;bib260;bib261;bib262;bib264;bib265;bib2676;bib2947;bib2948;bib3569;bib3839;bib4465;bib4546;bib4777;bib4808;bib545;bib806;bib840;bib854, +3015-bib,3015,bib,See Source,,,bib1543;bib1951;bib267;bib3394;bib4829;bib7856;bib7858, 4985-bib,4985,bib,See Source,,,bib268, -2274-bib,2274,bib,See Source,,,bib268;bib4686;bib6618;bib709, -1921-bib,1921,bib,See Source,,,bib1708;bib2139;bib269;bib271;bib4738;bib5159, -5062-bib,5062,bib,See Source,,,bib1963;bib1964;bib1967;bib1968;bib2077;bib2566;bib274;bib3157;bib3894;bib4140, -657-bib,657,bib,See Source,,,bib280;bib4031;bib6843, -4298-bib,4298,bib,See Source,,,bib1896;bib2732;bib281;bib3425;bib3431;bib3439;bib3441;bib3442;bib3443;bib6734;bib6735;bib7448;bib7449;bib7450;bib7451;bib7467, -2187-bib,2187,bib,See Source,,,bib282;bib4675;bib4676;bib5391;bib6297;bib6722;bib7607, -662-bib,662,bib,See Source,,,bib283;bib284;bib2857;bib3250;bib6955, -2694-bib,2694,bib,See Source,,,bib2176;bib2425;bib2827;bib285;bib4594;bib7155;bib854, -6035-bib,6035,bib,See Source,,,bib1172;bib1271;bib1272;bib1273;bib1274;bib1275;bib1276;bib1277;bib1278;bib1343;bib1748;bib1879;bib2203;bib287;bib3276;bib3344;bib3364;bib3383;bib3435;bib3515;bib3736;bib3809;bib3946;bib4023;bib4160;bib4161;bib4162;bib4164;bib4165;bib4166;bib4167;bib4177;bib425;bib4351;bib4440;bib579;bib652;bib678;bib731;bib898, -5659-bib,5659,bib,See Source,,,bib288;bib7877, -7989-bib,7989,bib,See Source,,,bib290;bib3495;bib3497;bib520;bib521, -1452-bib,1452,bib,See Source,,,bib291;bib3472;bib4729;bib513;bib6508;bib7367, -1647-bib,1647,bib,See Source,,,bib1253;bib1721;bib293;bib329;bib7584;bib7587, -1205-bib,1205,bib,See Source,,,bib2214;bib294;bib3015;bib3210;bib3211;bib5781;bib609;bib6384;bib6799;bib7784;bib8056, -3472-bib,3472,bib,See Source,,,bib2654;bib296;bib5101;bib5350;bib5621;bib5622;bib6054;bib7092;bib7219;bib7220;bib7221;bib7222;bib7226;bib7586, -2428-bib,2428,bib,See Source,,,bib2925;bib297;bib382;bib513;bib6447;bib6448;bib6449;bib7091;bib7135;bib7136;bib915, -2955-bib,2955,bib,See Source,,,bib298;bib6226;bib8141, -1640-bib,1640,bib,See Source,,,bib298;bib4517, -1708-bib,1708,bib,See Source,,,bib1269;bib298;bib340;bib3505;bib5340;bib5792;bib5885;bib5886;bib6113;bib6426;bib7214;bib7229;bib8135;bib8136;bib860, +2274-bib,2274,bib,See Source,,,bib268;bib4708;bib6642;bib713, +1921-bib,1921,bib,See Source,,,bib1720;bib2152;bib269;bib271;bib4760;bib5181, +5062-bib,5062,bib,See Source,,,bib1975;bib1976;bib1979;bib1980;bib2090;bib2579;bib274;bib3172;bib3914;bib4160, +657-bib,657,bib,See Source,,,bib280;bib4051;bib6867, +4298-bib,4298,bib,See Source,,,bib1908;bib2746;bib281;bib3443;bib3449;bib3457;bib3459;bib3460;bib3461;bib6758;bib6759;bib7472;bib7473;bib7474;bib7475;bib7491, +2187-bib,2187,bib,See Source,,,bib282;bib4697;bib4698;bib5414;bib6321;bib6746;bib7632, +662-bib,662,bib,See Source,,,bib283;bib284;bib2871;bib3266;bib6979, +2694-bib,2694,bib,See Source,,,bib2189;bib2438;bib2841;bib285;bib4615;bib7179;bib858, +6035-bib,6035,bib,See Source,,,bib1181;bib1280;bib1281;bib1282;bib1283;bib1284;bib1285;bib1286;bib1287;bib1355;bib1760;bib1891;bib2216;bib287;bib3292;bib3361;bib3382;bib3401;bib3453;bib3533;bib3755;bib3828;bib3966;bib4043;bib4180;bib4181;bib4182;bib4184;bib4185;bib4186;bib4187;bib4197;bib426;bib4372;bib4461;bib582;bib656;bib682;bib735;bib902, +5659-bib,5659,bib,See Source,,,bib288;bib7902, +7989-bib,7989,bib,See Source,,,bib290;bib3513;bib3515;bib523;bib524, +1452-bib,1452,bib,See Source,,,bib291;bib3490;bib4751;bib516;bib6532;bib7391, +1647-bib,1647,bib,See Source,,,bib1262;bib1733;bib293;bib329;bib7609;bib7612, +1205-bib,1205,bib,See Source,,,bib2227;bib294;bib3029;bib3225;bib3226;bib5805;bib612;bib6408;bib6823;bib7809;bib8081, +3472-bib,3472,bib,See Source,,,bib2667;bib296;bib5123;bib5373;bib5645;bib5646;bib6078;bib7116;bib7243;bib7244;bib7245;bib7246;bib7250;bib7611, +2428-bib,2428,bib,See Source,,,bib2939;bib297;bib383;bib516;bib6471;bib6472;bib6473;bib7115;bib7159;bib7160;bib919, +1640-bib,1640,bib,See Source,,,bib298;bib4538, +2955-bib,2955,bib,See Source,,,bib298;bib6250;bib8166, +1708-bib,1708,bib,See Source,,,bib1278;bib298;bib340;bib3523;bib5363;bib5816;bib5909;bib5910;bib6137;bib6450;bib7238;bib7253;bib8160;bib8161;bib864, 3103-bib,3103,bib,See Source,,,bib300, -1850-bib,1850,bib,See Source,,,bib310;bib3693;bib4472;bib4473;bib4771;bib5848;bib6227;bib6342;bib6492;bib7260;bib7261;bib7382;bib7383;bib7384;bib7608;bib7609, -5315-bib,5315,bib,See Source,,,bib312;bib313;bib945, -5036-bib,5036,bib,See Source,,,bib1207;bib2032;bib2177;bib2178;bib2755;bib315, -7713-bib,7713,bib,See Source,,,bib1204;bib1376;bib1836;bib1837;bib1838;bib1860;bib1861;bib1863;bib1864;bib1865;bib1866;bib1867;bib1868;bib1927;bib1928;bib1929;bib2625;bib2626;bib2770;bib2811;bib3089;bib317;bib3218;bib3701;bib3702;bib3703;bib4238;bib4271;bib4312;bib4377;bib5370;bib638;bib7174;bib728;bib7778;bib789;bib890, -1228-bib,1228,bib,See Source,,,bib1150;bib1677;bib2064;bib319;bib3548;bib4551;bib6021;bib6579;bib7020;bib7258;bib7259;bib7332;bib7880, -1855-bib,1855,bib,See Source,,,bib322;bib4554;bib571;bib6694;bib8203, +1850-bib,1850,bib,See Source,,,bib310;bib3712;bib4493;bib4494;bib4793;bib5872;bib6251;bib6366;bib6516;bib7284;bib7285;bib7406;bib7407;bib7408;bib7633;bib7634, +5315-bib,5315,bib,See Source,,,bib312;bib313;bib949, +5036-bib,5036,bib,See Source,,,bib1216;bib2044;bib2190;bib2191;bib2769;bib315, +7713-bib,7713,bib,See Source,,,bib1213;bib1388;bib1848;bib1849;bib1850;bib1872;bib1873;bib1875;bib1876;bib1877;bib1878;bib1879;bib1880;bib1939;bib1940;bib1941;bib2638;bib2639;bib2784;bib2825;bib3103;bib317;bib3233;bib3720;bib3721;bib3722;bib4258;bib4291;bib4333;bib4398;bib5393;bib642;bib7198;bib732;bib7803;bib793;bib894, +1228-bib,1228,bib,See Source,,,bib1159;bib1689;bib2077;bib319;bib3566;bib4572;bib6045;bib6603;bib7044;bib7282;bib7283;bib7356;bib7905, +1855-bib,1855,bib,See Source,,,bib322;bib4575;bib574;bib6718;bib8228, 5225-bib,5225,bib,See Source,,,bib323, -3102-bib,3102,bib,See Source,,,bib324;bib325;bib724;bib8215, -4005-bib,4005,bib,See Source,,,bib326;bib8217;bib8218, -3101-bib,3101,bib,See Source,,,bib1111;bib1719;bib1720;bib1722;bib1723;bib1724;bib1725;bib2539;bib2540;bib3144;bib328;bib329;bib4116;bib4699;bib5720;bib5721;bib5879;bib6887;bib725;bib791, -2432-bib,2432,bib,See Source,,,bib1441;bib1603;bib1604;bib330;bib5654;bib5997;bib5999;bib7161, -2597-bib,2597,bib,See Source,,,bib1556;bib3056;bib331, -5377-bib,5377,bib,See Source,,,bib1149;bib1556;bib331;bib3314;bib3315;bib3316;bib3661;bib5935;bib6351;bib7455, -5633-bib,5633,bib,See Source,,,bib1102;bib1351;bib1352;bib1353;bib336;bib7899, -2167-bib,2167,bib,See Source,,,bib339;bib346;bib349;bib351;bib354;bib932, -2175-bib,2175,bib,See Source,,,bib1433;bib1436;bib3129;bib3130;bib350;bib4118, -3565-bib,3565,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib4115;bib7989;bib8014, -2060-bib,2060,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib7989;bib8014, -3007-bib,3007,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib7989;bib8014, -3384-bib,3384,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib7812;bib7989;bib8014, -305-bib,305,bib,See Source,,,bib357;bib3859, -7936-bib,7936,bib,See Source,,,bib2679;bib3038;bib358;bib3648;bib3780;bib4378;bib4441;bib4442, -7931-bib,7931,bib,See Source,,,bib2679;bib3038;bib358;bib3648;bib4378;bib4441;bib4442;bib6830, -7929-bib,7929,bib,See Source,,,bib2679;bib3038;bib358;bib3648;bib4378;bib4441;bib4442;bib672, -483-bib,483,bib,See Source,,,bib1002;bib1003;bib1033;bib1160;bib1161;bib1162;bib1163;bib1164;bib1165;bib1166;bib1167;bib1169;bib1170;bib1171;bib1281;bib1606;bib2005;bib360;bib361;bib364;bib365;bib366;bib4394;bib979;bib991, -7934-bib,7934,bib,See Source,,,bib2410;bib2411;bib2412;bib2413;bib2414;bib2417;bib370;bib377;bib379;bib3858;bib3860;bib3861;bib3862;bib3863;bib686;bib7836;bib7837;bib8129, -2206-bib,2206,bib,See Source,,,bib2641;bib373;bib6394, +3102-bib,3102,bib,See Source,,,bib324;bib325;bib728;bib8240, +4005-bib,4005,bib,See Source,,,bib326;bib8242;bib8243, +3101-bib,3101,bib,See Source,,,bib1120;bib1731;bib1732;bib1734;bib1735;bib1736;bib1737;bib2552;bib2553;bib3159;bib328;bib329;bib4136;bib4721;bib5744;bib5745;bib5903;bib6911;bib729;bib795, +2432-bib,2432,bib,See Source,,,bib1453;bib1615;bib1616;bib330;bib5678;bib6021;bib6023;bib7185, +2597-bib,2597,bib,See Source,,,bib1568;bib3070;bib331, +5377-bib,5377,bib,See Source,,,bib1158;bib1568;bib331;bib3330;bib3331;bib3332;bib3680;bib5959;bib6375;bib7479, +5633-bib,5633,bib,See Source,,,bib1111;bib1363;bib1364;bib1365;bib336;bib7924, +2167-bib,2167,bib,See Source,,,bib339;bib346;bib349;bib351;bib354;bib936, +2175-bib,2175,bib,See Source,,,bib1445;bib1448;bib3144;bib3145;bib350;bib4138, +3565-bib,3565,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib4135;bib8014;bib8039, +2060-bib,2060,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib8014;bib8039, +5389-bib,5389,bib,See Source,,,bib3377;bib356;bib8014;bib8039, +3007-bib,3007,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib8014;bib8039, +3384-bib,3384,bib,See Source,,,bib356;bib7837;bib8014;bib8039, +305-bib,305,bib,See Source,,,bib357;bib3878, +7931-bib,7931,bib,See Source,,,bib2692;bib3052;bib358;bib3667;bib4399;bib4462;bib4463;bib6854, +7929-bib,7929,bib,See Source,,,bib2692;bib3052;bib358;bib3667;bib4399;bib4462;bib4463;bib676, +7936-bib,7936,bib,See Source,,,bib2692;bib3052;bib358;bib3667;bib3799;bib4399;bib4462;bib4463, +483-bib,483,bib,See Source,,,bib1006;bib1007;bib1037;bib1169;bib1170;bib1171;bib1172;bib1173;bib1174;bib1175;bib1176;bib1178;bib1179;bib1180;bib1290;bib1618;bib2017;bib360;bib361;bib364;bib365;bib366;bib4415;bib983;bib995, +7934-bib,7934,bib,See Source,,,bib2423;bib2424;bib2425;bib2426;bib2427;bib2430;bib370;bib378;bib380;bib3877;bib3879;bib3880;bib3881;bib3882;bib690;bib7861;bib7862;bib8154, +2206-bib,2206,bib,See Source,,,bib2654;bib373;bib6418, 537-bib,537,bib,See Source,,,bib374, -7930-bib,7930,bib,See Source,,,bib2409;bib2410;bib375;bib376;bib378;bib4019;bib4020;bib7251;bib7836;bib8227, -9170-bib,9170,bib,See Source,,,bib3071;bib380;bib7673, -2430-bib,2430,bib,See Source,,,bib1548;bib1779;bib2233;bib2316;bib2585;bib384;bib4339;bib4342;bib4343;bib7500;bib7513;bib7514;bib7515;bib7516;bib7568;bib7766;bib7768;bib7770, -3046-bib,3046,bib,See Source,,,bib2358;bib3734;bib386;bib4255;bib5014, -1636-bib,1636,bib,See Source,,,bib3322;bib3562;bib388;bib4556;bib5000;bib5528, -2738-bib,2738,bib,See Source,,,bib2359;bib2576;bib389;bib4107;bib4724;bib556;bib7166;bib7269;bib7505;bib7506;bib7507;bib7510;bib7511;bib7759;bib8126, -2511-bib,2511,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -4226-bib,4226,bib,See Source,,,bib2751;bib395, -4680-bib,4680,bib,See Source,,,bib1914;bib2727;bib2746;bib2748;bib2749;bib395, -7371-bib,7371,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -2427-bib,2427,bib,See Source,,,bib2751;bib395, -4870-bib,4870,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -5295-bib,5295,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -7373-bib,7373,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -3530-bib,3530,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -3321-bib,3321,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -4267-bib,4267,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -3575-bib,3575,bib,See Source,,,bib395, -1465-bib,1465,bib,See Source,,,bib3892;bib395, -3011-bib,3011,bib,See Source,,,bib396;bib6659;bib6660;bib6661;bib6664, -1748-bib,1748,bib,See Source,,,bib1310;bib2723;bib397;bib4553;bib4557;bib4558;bib5506;bib5507;bib6787;bib7234;bib7236, -1825-bib,1825,bib,See Source,,,bib3754;bib3771;bib398;bib399;bib4309, -3391-bib,3391,bib,See Source,,,bib400;bib4804;bib4967;bib5012;bib5573;bib7787;bib793, -582-bib,582,bib,See Source,,,bib402, -5606-bib,5606,bib,See Source,,,bib403, -5101-bib,5101,bib,See Source,,,bib404;bib4474;bib4476;bib7891, -6039-bib,6039,bib,See Source,,,bib2787;bib2788;bib3934;bib405, -1859-bib,1859,bib,See Source,,,bib409;bib410;bib411;bib5814;bib6293;bib8201, -1463-bib,1463,bib,See Source,,,bib3228;bib3654;bib3936;bib412;bib413;bib414;bib415;bib4157;bib416;bib417, -7810-bib,7810,bib,See Source,,,bib1524;bib1756;bib1758;bib1759;bib2600;bib2601;bib2602;bib3227;bib3228;bib3937;bib412;bib413;bib414;bib415;bib4157;bib416;bib417;bib4259;bib4324;bib7845, -10718-bib,10718,bib,See Source,,,bib418;bib523, -4618-bib,4618,bib,See Source,,,bib1704;bib1869;bib1870;bib1871;bib1872;bib1873;bib1874;bib1875;bib1876;bib2092;bib2093;bib2094;bib2102;bib2786;bib3089;bib3952;bib420;bib698;bib7778;bib892, -1212-bib,1212,bib,See Source,,,bib1339;bib1340;bib2104;bib3111;bib421;bib4509;bib5790;bib590;bib6196;bib6789;bib6790;bib6839;bib7139;bib7185;bib7186;bib761, -4254-bib,4254,bib,See Source,,,bib3155;bib3594;bib3696;bib3767;bib3894;bib3900;bib3940;bib3941;bib427;bib428, -1215-bib,1215,bib,See Source,,,bib434;bib6941, -2129-bib,2129,bib,See Source,,,bib1266;bib1329;bib2914;bib3178;bib4246;bib4274;bib435;bib536;bib6110;bib6298;bib6956;bib6957;bib714;bib7772;bib7773;bib7788;bib8087;bib8117;bib8165, -7358-bib,7358,bib,See Source,,,bib436, -2431-bib,2431,bib,See Source,,,bib438;bib4877;bib6206, -2545-bib,2545,bib,See Source,,,bib1055;bib2613;bib3023;bib439;bib4838;bib7408;bib7828, -1849-bib,1849,bib,See Source,,,bib441;bib4749;bib6081;bib726;bib727;bib8143, -5871-bib,5871,bib,See Source,,,bib444;bib445, -1207-bib,1207,bib,See Source,,,bib1668;bib1674;bib2227;bib3221;bib446;bib6371;bib7132;bib7246;bib8058, -1379-bib,1379,bib,See Source,,,bib2427;bib2428;bib2433;bib2662;bib447;bib448;bib6623;bib6624;bib832;bib840;bib985, -2924-bib,2924,bib,See Source,,,bib1342;bib1640;bib2186;bib2195;bib449;bib499;bib7198;bib7199;bib7616;bib7617;bib8147, -2718-bib,2718,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib450;bib6918;bib7643, -3932-bib,3932,bib,See Source,,,bib451, -5925-bib,5925,bib,See Source,,,bib3104;bib452;bib453;bib455;bib456;bib458;bib6313;bib743, -1485-bib,1485,bib,See Source,,,bib454;bib5307, -4528-bib,4528,bib,See Source,,,bib2242;bib457, -2574-bib,2574,bib,See Source,,,bib3006;bib3342;bib4566;bib4570;bib4572;bib4573;bib4574;bib459;bib5690;bib5929;bib5965, -1958-bib,1958,bib,See Source,,,bib1862;bib462;bib4990;bib5422;bib7004;bib7457, -4186-bib,4186,bib,See Source,,,bib465;bib575, -585-bib,585,bib,See Source,,,bib470, -4427-bib,4427,bib,See Source,,,bib1159;bib2391;bib3150;bib3737;bib3738;bib3810;bib3894;bib3911;bib476;bib477;bib478;bib479;bib480;bib487;bib5947;bib614;bib8276, -2311-bib,2311,bib,See Source,,,bib3624;bib481, -3953-bib,3953,bib,See Source,,,bib1194;bib2522;bib4168;bib483;bib6511;bib6517;bib6521, -556-bib,556,bib,See Source,,,bib1469;bib2313;bib2506;bib2522;bib3248;bib3267;bib3268;bib3269;bib3270;bib3271;bib3921;bib3963;bib483, -1518-bib,1518,bib,See Source,,,bib3531;bib488, -3137-bib,3137,bib,See Source,,,bib1549;bib1550;bib1551;bib1983;bib2486;bib4796;bib489;bib4998;bib5416, -5309-bib,5309,bib,See Source,,,bib3558;bib3779;bib490;bib491;bib6010;bib6011;bib7140, -4613-bib,4613,bib,See Source,,,bib1320;bib1609;bib2281;bib2282;bib2283;bib2284;bib2285;bib2286;bib2287;bib2288;bib2521;bib2782;bib3429;bib3698;bib3961;bib3962;bib4374;bib4375;bib4376;bib4604;bib4785;bib492;bib537;bib538;bib539;bib540;bib541;bib5623;bib6513;bib7368;bib7379;bib7452;bib7493;bib7983, -4524-bib,4524,bib,See Source,,,bib1320;bib1609;bib2281;bib2282;bib2283;bib2284;bib2285;bib2286;bib2287;bib2288;bib2521;bib2782;bib3429;bib3698;bib3961;bib3962;bib4374;bib4375;bib4376;bib492;bib537;bib538;bib539;bib540;bib541;bib542, -651-bib,651,bib,See Source,,,bib4875;bib493;bib8025, -2954-bib,2954,bib,See Source,,,bib1082;bib2100;bib4036;bib4038;bib4361;bib4391;bib4392;bib494;bib5344;bib5345;bib628;bib6295;bib8043, -641-bib,641,bib,See Source,,,bib4748;bib495;bib5112;bib5682;bib7853;bib8095;bib8153, -2962-bib,2962,bib,See Source,,,bib3046;bib4535;bib497;bib6218, -3271-bib,3271,bib,See Source,,,bib4729;bib498;bib5069;bib5070;bib5235;bib6613;bib8150;bib8151;bib8152, -669-bib,669,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib502;bib5560;bib7545;bib799;bib800, -3568-bib,3568,bib,See Source,,,bib509;bib6896, -8869-bib,8869,bib,See Source,,,bib2336;bib511, -4444-bib,4444,bib,See Source,,,bib2336;bib511;bib6135, -4699-bib,4699,bib,See Source,,,bib2336;bib511;bib5440, -2914-bib,2914,bib,See Source,,,bib1434;bib1435;bib1901;bib4651;bib513;bib6306;bib8120, -2909-bib,2909,bib,See Source,,,bib4563;bib513;bib5417;bib5561;bib6101, -1853-bib,1853,bib,See Source,,,bib3081;bib3365;bib3981;bib3982;bib3983;bib3984;bib513, -2911-bib,2911,bib,See Source,,,bib2614;bib513;bib6428, -3793-bib,3793,bib,See Source,,,bib522;bib5821, -2465-bib,2465,bib,See Source,,,bib4113;bib4821;bib5126;bib531;bib5343;bib868, -4708-bib,4708,bib,See Source,,,bib4725;bib533;bib6553;bib7541, -544-bib,544,bib,See Source,,,bib534, -538-bib,538,bib,See Source,,,bib2537;bib534;bib578, -2993-bib,2993,bib,See Source,,,bib4456;bib544;bib545, -1914-bib,1914,bib,See Source,,,bib5131;bib5132;bib5134;bib548, -2719-bib,2719,bib,See Source,,,bib1078;bib2245;bib2277;bib2873;bib3552;bib549;bib551, -577-bib,577,bib,See Source,,,bib1283;bib2006;bib2007;bib2009;bib2159;bib2254;bib2399;bib3735;bib4040;bib4041;bib552;bib835, -4589-bib,4589,bib,See Source,,,bib2254;bib2255;bib2863;bib3049;bib3993;bib552;bib835, -2005-bib,2005,bib,See Source,,,bib1468;bib1655;bib555;bib5686;bib6275;bib6322;bib7875, -2123-bib,2123,bib,See Source,,,bib1792;bib2208;bib2700;bib2701;bib2754;bib2897;bib560;bib7883, -5092-bib,5092,bib,See Source,,,bib2807;bib562;bib6075;bib7279, -5628-bib,5628,bib,See Source,,,bib564;bib5802;bib6496;bib6721;bib7347;bib7348, -6949-bib,6949,bib,See Source,,,bib1251;bib2928;bib568;bib7066;bib7388, -5619-bib,5619,bib,See Source,,,bib1996;bib3336;bib580;bib6106;bib6107;bib6108;bib7001, -1186-bib,1186,bib,See Source,,,bib1718;bib3062;bib3063;bib3111;bib3662;bib3746;bib3831;bib3832;bib4289;bib4652;bib5187;bib5474;bib5475;bib5476;bib590;bib7114;bib7189;bib8316;bib8317, -1311-bib,1311,bib,See Source,,,bib591;bib7132;bib7941, -5031-bib,5031,bib,See Source,,,bib593, -2896-bib,2896,bib,See Source,,,bib3108;bib3109;bib3110;bib4338;bib5008;bib5699;bib5752;bib5753;bib5754;bib594;bib6804;bib803, -3279-bib,3279,bib,See Source,,,bib4787;bib4788;bib595;bib6273, -5726-bib,5726,bib,See Source,,,bib3659;bib5398;bib5962;bib598;bib599;bib600, -4403-bib,4403,bib,See Source,,,bib2912;bib2913;bib4992;bib601;bib603;bib6270;bib7827, -5934-bib,5934,bib,See Source,,,bib602;bib7278, -4984-bib,4984,bib,See Source,,,bib607, -6650-bib,6650,bib,See Source,,,bib608, -527-bib,527,bib,See Source,,,bib1774;bib3090;bib3151;bib3894;bib3913;bib614, -1206-bib,1206,bib,See Source,,,bib1485;bib3669;bib5116;bib5692;bib5901;bib617;bib618;bib6726;bib7113;bib7189;bib8056, -4789-bib,4789,bib,See Source,,,bib1237;bib3432;bib3894;bib3897;bib4008;bib4105;bib4106;bib623;bib624, -553-bib,553,bib,See Source,,,bib1186;bib1679;bib5297;bib626, -802-bib,802,bib,See Source,,,bib626, -801-bib,801,bib,See Source,,,bib1186;bib5297;bib626, -554-bib,554,bib,See Source,,,bib1186;bib4460;bib5297;bib626, -1467-bib,1467,bib,See Source,,,bib1664;bib2633;bib4119;bib627;bib6807;bib6808, -7329-bib,7329,bib,See Source,,,bib6169;bib634;bib6755;bib6984, -1683-bib,1683,bib,See Source,,,bib3797;bib3799;bib4335;bib4337;bib6241;bib639;bib7551;bib8170;bib8280, -7170-bib,7170,bib,See Source,,,bib642, -3528-bib,3528,bib,See Source,,,bib643;bib6518, -4373-bib,4373,bib,See Source,,,bib6563;bib660;bib6742;bib7173, -3395-bib,3395,bib,See Source,,,bib1834;bib3179;bib5437;bib663, -3145-bib,3145,bib,See Source,,,bib1041;bib1969;bib1972;bib2075;bib2076;bib2594;bib2692;bib2832;bib2996;bib3158;bib3301;bib3894;bib3905;bib4217;bib4218;bib4346;bib4347;bib4348;bib4349;bib4350;bib664;bib7920;bib806;bib808, -2571-bib,2571,bib,See Source,,,bib5058;bib665, -4079-bib,4079,bib,See Source,,,bib1971;bib1973;bib2077;bib2134;bib3036;bib3154;bib3894;bib3898;bib666;bib777, -1668-bib,1668,bib,See Source,,,bib1103;bib4904;bib5203;bib5207;bib6006;bib667, -1755-bib,1755,bib,See Source,,,bib5758;bib5759;bib668, -4365-bib,4365,bib,See Source,,,bib2387;bib2388;bib673, -2698-bib,2698,bib,See Source,,,bib6610;bib674, -1129-bib,1129,bib,See Source,,,bib1080;bib1081;bib675;bib7119;bib7121;bib809, -1002-bib,1002,bib,See Source,,,bib1890;bib1892;bib3192;bib3785;bib4679;bib4680;bib679;bib6974;bib7667;bib7668;bib7669, -5618-bib,5618,bib,See Source,,,bib1993;bib5897;bib5898;bib5941;bib684;bib930, -4736-bib,4736,bib,See Source,,,bib1775;bib3208;bib4101;bib4103;bib6161;bib685, -5680-bib,5680,bib,See Source,,,bib5911;bib6855;bib6857;bib688, -5658-bib,5658,bib,See Source,,,bib5229;bib689, -5638-bib,5638,bib,See Source,,,bib3300;bib691;bib692;bib7069, -4024-bib,4024,bib,See Source,,,bib2361;bib2843;bib2993;bib3951;bib6913;bib6914;bib695, -1642-bib,1642,bib,See Source,,,bib4514;bib4515;bib4516;bib5942;bib6331;bib699;bib8085, -3966-bib,3966,bib,See Source,,,bib4981;bib4982;bib5426;bib6335;bib6652;bib700;bib7201;bib7755;bib7756;bib7757, -10816-bib,10816,bib,See Source,,,bib6131;bib6132;bib6133;bib6134;bib701;bib7830, -2291-bib,2291,bib,See Source,,,bib2862;bib6403;bib7010;bib702;bib703;bib704;bib705;bib7490, -4248-bib,4248,bib,See Source,,,bib1629;bib5169;bib5889;bib6112;bib6258;bib6868;bib706;bib795;bib8048, -2124-bib,2124,bib,See Source,,,bib4878;bib711;bib712, -4831-bib,4831,bib,See Source,,,bib1483;bib1761;bib1949;bib2809;bib4373;bib4767;bib715;bib735, -1373-bib,1373,bib,See Source,,,bib716;bib958, -5337-bib,5337,bib,See Source,,,bib718, -5422-bib,5422,bib,See Source,,,bib1099;bib5176;bib718, -2188-bib,2188,bib,See Source,,,bib3341;bib6299;bib720, -5310-bib,5310,bib,See Source,,,bib1355;bib722, -1922-bib,1922,bib,See Source,,,bib1617;bib723;bib8030;bib8031, -1064-bib,1064,bib,See Source,,,bib2861;bib2862;bib4532;bib5925;bib729;bib7557;bib7558, -8009-bib,8009,bib,See Source,,,bib1505;bib1961;bib2121;bib4259;bib730;bib759, -3431-bib,3431,bib,See Source,,,bib5519;bib6474;bib732;bib7989;bib879, -5005-bib,5005,bib,See Source,,,bib734, -6150-bib,6150,bib,See Source,,,bib736, -4918-bib,4918,bib,See Source,,,bib738, -3948-bib,3948,bib,See Source,,,bib1970;bib3426;bib3428;bib3446;bib3447;bib6035;bib7453;bib746;bib768;bib985, -4064-bib,4064,bib,See Source,,,bib1970;bib2158;bib4832;bib5581;bib5583;bib7031;bib7372;bib7453;bib746;bib985, -4787-bib,4787,bib,See Source,,,bib1970;bib746, -3044-bib,3044,bib,See Source,,,bib2355;bib748, -7717-bib,7717,bib,See Source,,,bib753;bib754, -241-bib,241,bib,See Source,,,bib2554;bib5524;bib755, -290-bib,290,bib,See Source,,,bib2814;bib3292;bib3407;bib4726;bib5484;bib5852;bib6016;bib7096;bib756;bib758, -295-bib,295,bib,See Source,,,bib4513;bib6963;bib757;bib7660, -3605-bib,3605,bib,See Source,,,bib6385;bib760;bib7899;bib909;bib911, -285-bib,285,bib,See Source,,,bib2165;bib769, -3571-bib,3571,bib,See Source,,,bib1727;bib1728;bib1733;bib2516;bib3313;bib3584;bib4184;bib4383;bib5011;bib5509;bib5981;bib6238;bib6921;bib770;bib771;bib772;bib7825;bib928, -4707-bib,4707,bib,See Source,,,bib5402;bib5403;bib5479;bib6015;bib6844;bib7170;bib776, -5063-bib,5063,bib,See Source,,,bib2996;bib3894;bib3901;bib780;bib781;bib782;bib783;bib784;bib785, -4357-bib,4357,bib,See Source,,,bib2077;bib3158;bib3645;bib3646;bib3647;bib3651;bib3894;bib3904;bib7564;bib780;bib781;bib782;bib783, -4329-bib,4329,bib,See Source,,,bib2668;bib2910;bib4050;bib5281;bib5282;bib5850;bib6303;bib7216;bib7469;bib790;bib900, -2742-bib,2742,bib,See Source,,,bib2796;bib2818;bib3145;bib3146;bib5443;bib7133;bib7358;bib791, -7811-bib,7811,bib,See Source,,,bib2200;bib2582;bib2583;bib792, -945-bib,945,bib,See Source,,,bib4967;bib5573;bib7787;bib793, -10461-bib,10461,bib,See Source,,,bib4967;bib5573;bib7787;bib793, -8629-bib,8629,bib,See Source,,,bib4967;bib5573;bib7787;bib793, -8630-bib,8630,bib,See Source,,,bib4967;bib5573;bib7787;bib793, -8631-bib,8631,bib,See Source,,,bib1484;bib4967;bib5573;bib7787;bib793;bib8020, -2127-bib,2127,bib,See Source,,,bib1541;bib1543;bib2090;bib800, -2753-bib,2753,bib,See Source,,,bib3282;bib4729;bib4732;bib4733;bib4737;bib800, -1950-bib,1950,bib,See Source,,,bib2535;bib4111;bib4729;bib4808;bib800, -3016-bib,3016,bib,See Source,,,bib1541;bib4729;bib4732;bib4733;bib4737;bib4794;bib800;bib8161, -2988-bib,2988,bib,See Source,,,bib2823;bib2824;bib4737;bib6332;bib7589;bib800, -8570-bib,8570,bib,See Source,,,bib7437;bib805;bib8316;bib8317, -1101-bib,1101,bib,See Source,,,bib2996;bib3158;bib3894;bib3906;bib4208;bib806;bib807;bib808, -3020-bib,3020,bib,See Source,,,bib2899;bib4429;bib810, -1673-bib,1673,bib,See Source,,,bib811, -4190-bib,4190,bib,See Source,,,bib1231;bib2793;bib2794;bib2795;bib5399;bib813, -1472-bib,1472,bib,See Source,,,bib2918;bib3340;bib4398;bib4399;bib815, -4508-bib,4508,bib,See Source,,,bib5085;bib7025;bib816, -1439-bib,1439,bib,See Source,,,bib2164;bib2166;bib3453;bib5080;bib818;bib819, -4355-bib,4355,bib,See Source,,,bib3453;bib818, -4857-bib,4857,bib,See Source,,,bib822, -9149-bib,9149,bib,See Source,,,bib1472;bib1473;bib1477;bib2247;bib2682;bib3077;bib3683;bib3684;bib3685;bib3686;bib4220;bib5161;bib5565;bib7657;bib7921;bib8251;bib826;bib886, -2605-bib,2605,bib,See Source,,,bib2780;bib6117;bib6118;bib6120;bib6122;bib7090;bib7134;bib827;bib828, -2675-bib,2675,bib,See Source,,,bib7979;bib829, -575-bib,575,bib,See Source,,,bib2253;bib835, -4607-bib,4607,bib,See Source,,,bib7746;bib7986;bib840, -4610-bib,4610,bib,See Source,,,bib3101;bib7276;bib840, -2677-bib,2677,bib,See Source,,,bib2158;bib3508;bib3509;bib3510;bib7475;bib840, -4741-bib,4741,bib,See Source,,,bib2656;bib840, -3790-bib,3790,bib,See Source,,,bib3445;bib4068;bib4069;bib4070;bib4071;bib4072;bib4073;bib4126;bib4763;bib4764;bib5717;bib5718;bib7375;bib841, -4478-bib,4478,bib,See Source,,,bib1030;bib1135;bib1318;bib5096;bib6576;bib842;bib843;bib844, -5808-bib,5808,bib,See Source,,,bib3391;bib845, -1684-bib,1684,bib,See Source,,,bib1808;bib2584;bib2676;bib3609;bib4674;bib5244;bib5887;bib6242;bib6568;bib6569;bib6570;bib6901;bib7671;bib849, -3428-bib,3428,bib,See Source,,,bib4778;bib4782;bib6934;bib852, -2154-bib,2154,bib,See Source,,,bib2096;bib4156;bib4979;bib853, -4746-bib,4746,bib,See Source,,,bib1037;bib1402;bib2059;bib2061;bib3068;bib3480;bib855, -4617-bib,4617,bib,See Source,,,bib1264;bib1265;bib855, -852-bib,852,bib,See Source,,,bib3987;bib5678;bib7509;bib856;bib857, -1809-bib,1809,bib,See Source,,,bib4449;bib858, -5100-bib,5100,bib,See Source,,,bib1495;bib859, -845-bib,845,bib,See Source,,,bib3796;bib3798;bib3800;bib5218;bib5219;bib6188;bib7904;bib7905;bib861, -4142-bib,4142,bib,See Source,,,bib1717;bib1778;bib4871;bib4872;bib4873;bib4874;bib5574;bib5575;bib5576;bib7630;bib863, -5812-bib,5812,bib,See Source,,,bib864, -2052-bib,2052,bib,See Source,,,bib1066;bib1071;bib1336;bib1535;bib2067;bib2560;bib3755;bib4609;bib6276;bib6366;bib6368;bib6422;bib7227;bib7532;bib8168;bib8261;bib867, -7359-bib,7359,bib,See Source,,,bib874;bib875, -671-bib,671,bib,See Source,,,bib1700;bib2180;bib2695;bib2881;bib2988;bib3610;bib3763;bib3795;bib3881;bib4328;bib4335;bib5120;bib5907;bib6395;bib876;bib877;bib878;bib880, -1350-bib,1350,bib,See Source,,,bib883, -10029-bib,10029,bib,See Source,,,bib8190;bib8192;bib8194;bib8257;bib884, -7113-bib,7113,bib,See Source,,,bib2306;bib889, -5077-bib,5077,bib,See Source,,,bib890;bib891, -3745-bib,3745,bib,See Source,,,bib1536;bib1704;bib4506;bib892, -4622-bib,4622,bib,See Source,,,bib1005;bib1536;bib1704;bib4506;bib892, -4619-bib,4619,bib,See Source,,,bib1005;bib1536;bib1704;bib4506;bib892, -685-bib,685,bib,See Source,,,bib4097;bib4773;bib7122;bib894, -9049-bib,9049,bib,See Source,,,bib1234;bib2565;bib5359;bib896, -3487-bib,3487,bib,See Source,,,bib6124;bib897, -4825-bib,4825,bib,See Source,,,bib3088;bib4080;bib901;bib902;bib904;bib905, -4188-bib,4188,bib,See Source,,,bib906, -4198-bib,4198,bib,See Source,,,bib907;bib913, -5103-bib,5103,bib,See Source,,,bib2470;bib6452;bib908, -1854-bib,1854,bib,See Source,,,bib2498;bib3879;bib7282;bib7498;bib7899;bib8196;bib909, -4677-bib,4677,bib,See Source,,,bib1731;bib1732;bib910, -4879-bib,4879,bib,See Source,,,bib4286;bib4396;bib4397;bib4405;bib5374;bib5435;bib5436;bib6738;bib8067;bib912, -1580-bib,1580,bib,See Source,,,bib917;bib920, -4294-bib,4294,bib,See Source,,,bib6516;bib929, -3896-bib,3896,bib,See Source,,,bib7704;bib929, -2794-bib,2794,bib,See Source,,,bib2246;bib4110;bib931, -1736-bib,1736,bib,See Source,,,bib935, -5329-bib,5329,bib,See Source,,,bib2699;bib4124;bib6145;bib6223;bib942, -2550-bib,2550,bib,See Source,,,bib946, -3797-bib,3797,bib,See Source,,,bib1614;bib1615;bib2546;bib5857;bib5858;bib946, -4695-bib,4695,bib,See Source,,,bib3866;bib5084;bib5429;bib6577;bib949, -4915-bib,4915,bib,See Source,,,bib1042;bib3606;bib5513;bib6243;bib6244;bib6245;bib6246;bib7504;bib951, -4938-bib,4938,bib,See Source,,,bib3606;bib6245;bib7504;bib952, -3794-bib,3794,bib,See Source,,,bib3697;bib4319;bib4320;bib4321;bib4322;bib4323;bib7128;bib953;bib954, -6632-bib,6632,bib,See Source,,,bib955;bib959, -6653-bib,6653,bib,See Source,,,bib956, -4969-bib,4969,bib,See Source,,,bib957;bib960, -9389-bib,9389,bib,See Source,,,bib3838;bib967, -593-bib,593,bib,See Source,,,bib2845;bib3838;bib4861;bib5444;bib6498;bib7393;bib7395;bib7396;bib7398;bib967;bib971;bib974, -2706-bib,2706,bib,See Source,,,bib2642;bib2674;bib2684;bib4432;bib4908;bib5755;bib5756;bib7923;bib968, -5013-bib,5013,bib,See Source,,,bib1004;bib1009;bib1022;bib1031;bib1035;bib2896;bib978;bib999, -489-bib,489,bib,See Source,,,bib1009;bib980, -4179-bib,4179,bib,See Source,,,bib1024;bib3876;bib6058;bib6059;bib7132;bib993, -485-bib,485,bib,See Source,,,bib1002;bib1023, -2625-bib,2625,bib,See Source,,,bib1009;bib3730, -5095-bib,5095,bib,See Source,,,bib1011, -461-bib,461,bib,See Source,,,bib1016;bib3142, -3094-bib,3094,bib,See Source,,,bib1017;bib6795, -4375-bib,4375,bib,See Source,,,bib1025;bib1034, -5146-bib,5146,bib,See Source,,,bib1027;bib1658;bib3223;bib4479;bib8247, -4533-bib,4533,bib,See Source,,,bib1028, -3845-bib,3845,bib,See Source,,,bib1038;bib1280;bib1815;bib4404;bib6540;bib6727, -5965-bib,5965,bib,See Source,,,bib1039;bib1040, -1528-bib,1528,bib,See Source,,,bib1043;bib1044;bib2963;bib3953;bib7290, -1926-bib,1926,bib,See Source,,,bib1045;bib5191;bib5880, -2277-bib,2277,bib,See Source,,,bib1054;bib1305;bib1306;bib6380, -2094-bib,2094,bib,See Source,,,bib1056;bib1851, -9829-bib,9829,bib,See Source,,,bib1058;bib6725;bib6908, -850-bib,850,bib,See Source,,,bib1067;bib1073;bib2038;bib2298;bib4094;bib4581;bib4582;bib4830;bib5442;bib7062;bib7147;bib7148;bib7501;bib8205, -4169-bib,4169,bib,See Source,,,bib1069;bib3274, -1920-bib,1920,bib,See Source,,,bib1070;bib2266;bib3387, -1696-bib,1696,bib,See Source,,,bib1074;bib4189;bib4381;bib5998;bib7575, -1718-bib,1718,bib,See Source,,,bib1076;bib1877;bib2181;bib4179;bib4180;bib5815;bib6185;bib6454;bib7868, -5657-bib,5657,bib,See Source,,,bib1077, -1730-bib,1730,bib,See Source,,,bib1083;bib1085;bib2324;bib4027;bib4313;bib4326;bib5477;bib5478;bib6882;bib6883;bib6884;bib7626;bib7627;bib8169, -2506-bib,2506,bib,See Source,,,bib1084;bib5427;bib8062;bib8063;bib8064;bib8073, -941-bib,941,bib,See Source,,,bib1086, -6025-bib,6025,bib,See Source,,,bib1088;bib4146;bib4833;bib8270, -2315-bib,2315,bib,See Source,,,bib1089, -6032-bib,6032,bib,See Source,,,bib1090;bib1682;bib4560, -561-bib,561,bib,See Source,,,bib1090, -10479-bib,10479,bib,See Source,,,bib1091;bib2492;bib6091, -341-bib,341,bib,See Source,,,bib1092;bib1093;bib1787;bib2761;bib3033, -4620-bib,4620,bib,See Source,,,bib1101;bib1402;bib4378;bib6047, -681-bib,681,bib,See Source,,,bib1113;bib6305;bib8089, -2750-bib,2750,bib,See Source,,,bib1115;bib6115;bib7597;bib7815, -861-bib,861,bib,See Source,,,bib1116;bib1936;bib3007;bib3176;bib5168;bib5169;bib5888, -3591-bib,3591,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib6576, -4937-bib,4937,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib5098;bib5429, -5115-bib,5115,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib5569, -4516-bib,4516,bib,See Source,,,bib1135;bib5099;bib5569;bib6576, -5639-bib,5639,bib,See Source,,,bib1139;bib1991;bib4626;bib6003;bib6545;bib7132, -4925-bib,4925,bib,See Source,,,bib1140;bib6539;bib6743;bib7565, -2166-bib,2166,bib,See Source,,,bib1142;bib2992;bib7179, -2757-bib,2757,bib,See Source,,,bib1143;bib1144;bib1145;bib2016;bib4729;bib6331;bib6832, -4604-bib,4604,bib,See Source,,,bib1151;bib2591;bib2593;bib3894;bib3902;bib3903;bib4428, -6199-bib,6199,bib,See Source,,,bib1152;bib1804;bib1806;bib2810;bib3041;bib3653;bib4194;bib5571, -1989-bib,1989,bib,See Source,,,bib1155;bib2216;bib2784;bib3296;bib3757;bib4465;bib4466;bib4906;bib6620;bib7763;bib8009, -566-bib,566,bib,See Source,,,bib1158;bib1480;bib2360, -564-bib,564,bib,See Source,,,bib1173;bib6367, -4615-bib,4615,bib,See Source,,,bib1176;bib1177;bib1178;bib1179;bib3150;bib3810;bib3894;bib3916;bib4259;bib8276, -2570-bib,2570,bib,See Source,,,bib1180;bib2394;bib2395;bib2949;bib4508;bib6375;bib7417, -3892-bib,3892,bib,See Source,,,bib1181;bib5140;bib5141;bib5523, -4476-bib,4476,bib,See Source,,,bib1186;bib3216, -5995-bib,5995,bib,See Source,,,bib1187, -6000-bib,6000,bib,See Source,,,bib1187;bib2146, -4881-bib,4881,bib,See Source,,,bib1188, -4837-bib,4837,bib,See Source,,,bib1188, -2308-bib,2308,bib,See Source,,,bib1188;bib3576;bib4467, -5028-bib,5028,bib,See Source,,,bib1188, -576-bib,576,bib,See Source,,,bib1190;bib1192;bib1196;bib1198, -2307-bib,2307,bib,See Source,,,bib1191;bib4095;bib6511;bib6515, -4588-bib,4588,bib,See Source,,,bib1195;bib6695, -2376-bib,2376,bib,See Source,,,bib1201;bib5001;bib5002;bib5003;bib6315;bib6316, -1666-bib,1666,bib,See Source,,,bib1202, -5613-bib,5613,bib,See Source,,,bib1205;bib3637;bib7109;bib7132, -4450-bib,4450,bib,See Source,,,bib1205, -2405-bib,2405,bib,See Source,,,bib1205;bib3665;bib4455;bib7109;bib7132, -5188-bib,5188,bib,See Source,,,bib1211, -7254-bib,7254,bib,See Source,,,bib1212, -8969-bib,8969,bib,See Source,,,bib1213;bib2044;bib3191;bib3199;bib3200;bib3201;bib7146, -4157-bib,4157,bib,See Source,,,bib1214;bib6819, -2734-bib,2734,bib,See Source,,,bib1215, -1065-bib,1065,bib,See Source,,,bib1216;bib5418;bib6392;bib6607;bib8092, -2697-bib,2697,bib,See Source,,,bib1217;bib1555;bib1802;bib1945;bib4711;bib5681;bib6294;bib6304;bib6393;bib8173, -6351-bib,6351,bib,See Source,,,bib1218;bib3603, -4225-bib,4225,bib,See Source,,,bib1219;bib1671;bib8053, -1744-bib,1744,bib,See Source,,,bib1219;bib1671;bib8053, -3326-bib,3326,bib,See Source,,,bib1220;bib1221, -1743-bib,1743,bib,See Source,,,bib1222;bib1224, -2034-bib,2034,bib,See Source,,,bib1222;bib1224;bib3143;bib3520;bib5558, -4260-bib,4260,bib,See Source,,,bib1223, -4020-bib,4020,bib,See Source,,,bib1223, -4204-bib,4204,bib,See Source,,,bib1224, -3173-bib,3173,bib,See Source,,,bib1226, -4261-bib,4261,bib,See Source,,,bib1228, -4907-bib,4907,bib,See Source,,,bib1228, -3355-bib,3355,bib,See Source,,,bib1230, -4012-bib,4012,bib,See Source,,,bib1233, -4358-bib,4358,bib,See Source,,,bib1242, -541-bib,541,bib,See Source,,,bib1247;bib1248;bib1326, -545-bib,545,bib,See Source,,,bib1247;bib1248, -542-bib,542,bib,See Source,,,bib1247;bib1248, -543-bib,543,bib,See Source,,,bib1247;bib1248, -1925-bib,1925,bib,See Source,,,bib1249;bib3585, -2297-bib,2297,bib,See Source,,,bib1254;bib1256;bib1258;bib1262;bib3197;bib3321;bib4819, -1679-bib,1679,bib,See Source,,,bib1261;bib2777;bib4501;bib6551;bib6700;bib6701;bib6702;bib6703;bib6704;bib6705;bib6707, -5153-bib,5153,bib,See Source,,,bib1267;bib4706;bib4707;bib5296;bib6084;bib6350, -864-bib,864,bib,See Source,,,bib1270;bib2812;bib4708;bib5107;bib6490, -1516-bib,1516,bib,See Source,,,bib1279;bib2495;bib2542;bib2543;bib3656;bib3657;bib3978;bib4671;bib5231;bib7162;bib8096;bib8285, -1692-bib,1692,bib,See Source,,,bib1284;bib1285;bib1286;bib1287;bib1368;bib1369;bib2002;bib2003;bib2004;bib4150;bib4151;bib5383;bib5520;bib5521;bib5522;bib7485;bib7842, -8601-bib,8601,bib,See Source,,,bib1289;bib1290;bib1291;bib1292;bib7303, -4050-bib,4050,bib,See Source,,,bib1292;bib2887;bib2888;bib3867;bib5450;bib5985;bib7289;bib7881, -4071-bib,4071,bib,See Source,,,bib1295;bib3016;bib3808, -5059-bib,5059,bib,See Source,,,bib1298;bib4018;bib5086;bib6510;bib6513, -7409-bib,7409,bib,See Source,,,bib1299;bib4367;bib4368;bib4612;bib4991, -2026-bib,2026,bib,See Source,,,bib1303;bib2369;bib4478;bib7866, -1442-bib,1442,bib,See Source,,,bib1307, -4593-bib,4593,bib,See Source,,,bib1311;bib3205;bib3998, -1752-bib,1752,bib,See Source,,,bib1313, -1956-bib,1956,bib,See Source,,,bib1316, -2800-bib,2800,bib,See Source,,,bib1317;bib1363;bib2684;bib5165;bib5755;bib5756, -4327-bib,4327,bib,See Source,,,bib1325;bib1679;bib1845;bib2165, -1534-bib,1534,bib,See Source,,,bib1330;bib5696;bib5697;bib5698, -2143-bib,2143,bib,See Source,,,bib1331;bib3010;bib4051;bib4221;bib4222;bib4890;bib5139;bib6080;bib7124;bib7563, -3025-bib,3025,bib,See Source,,,bib1337, -627-bib,627,bib,See Source,,,bib1345;bib1812;bib2022;bib4463;bib4887;bib5194;bib5498;bib5499;bib5504;bib5505;bib5514;bib5515;bib5516;bib7675;bib7906, -1263-bib,1263,bib,See Source,,,bib1346;bib6591, -5429-bib,5429,bib,See Source,,,bib1354;bib4628;bib4654;bib6938;bib7052;bib7132;bib7211, -2093-bib,2093,bib,See Source,,,bib1354;bib6845, -2996-bib,2996,bib,See Source,,,bib1355;bib2758;bib3578;bib3579;bib3580;bib3581, -5007-bib,5007,bib,See Source,,,bib1355;bib2758, -6270-bib,6270,bib,See Source,,,bib1356;bib4966, -4952-bib,4952,bib,See Source,,,bib1357, -1376-bib,1376,bib,See Source,,,bib1360;bib1361;bib1362, -2519-bib,2519,bib,See Source,,,bib1364;bib1727;bib2516;bib6921, -1334-bib,1334,bib,See Source,,,bib1365, -4045-bib,4045,bib,See Source,,,bib1367, -1240-bib,1240,bib,See Source,,,bib1370;bib2643;bib6282;bib6283;bib6284;bib6285;bib7556, -10454-bib,10454,bib,See Source,,,bib1374;bib1781;bib2378;bib4450;bib5729;bib6992, -4352-bib,4352,bib,See Source,,,bib1375;bib2224;bib2900;bib2904;bib4157;bib4964, -4159-bib,4159,bib,See Source,,,bib1375;bib1756;bib1758;bib1759;bib4964, -2607-bib,2607,bib,See Source,,,bib1377;bib4385;bib4777, -2968-bib,2968,bib,See Source,,,bib1384;bib1425;bib1983;bib4844;bib4845;bib4998;bib6187;bib6336;bib7369;bib8019, -668-bib,668,bib,See Source,,,bib1386;bib1931;bib2408;bib7009, -3317-bib,3317,bib,See Source,,,bib1388;bib1389;bib1390;bib1391;bib1392;bib1393;bib1394;bib1395;bib1396;bib1397;bib1398;bib1399;bib1400;bib1401;bib1402;bib1403;bib1404;bib1405;bib1406;bib1407;bib1408;bib1409;bib1410;bib1411;bib3101;bib5430;bib7276, -3309-bib,3309,bib,See Source,,,bib1402;bib3689;bib3692;bib3694;bib4378, -1960-bib,1960,bib,See Source,,,bib1412;bib2045;bib5641;bib5644, -1147-bib,1147,bib,See Source,,,bib1418;bib1420, -1693-bib,1693,bib,See Source,,,bib1419, -4980-bib,4980,bib,See Source,,,bib1421, -4598-bib,4598,bib,See Source,,,bib1423, -8128-bib,8128,bib,See Source,,,bib1426;bib2556;bib2557;bib4893;bib6484;bib7365;bib8265;bib8293, -1846-bib,1846,bib,See Source,,,bib1428;bib1429;bib1430;bib1908;bib4085;bib4107;bib5237;bib5238;bib5239;bib6649, -4132-bib,4132,bib,See Source,,,bib1438;bib4617;bib7988, -3419-bib,3419,bib,See Source,,,bib1438, -1519-bib,1519,bib,See Source,,,bib1445;bib2673;bib3374;bib3375;bib3378;bib3707, -2055-bib,2055,bib,See Source,,,bib1448;bib2089;bib2665;bib3613;bib5657;bib5658;bib5659, -3267-bib,3267,bib,See Source,,,bib1453;bib1541;bib4729;bib5945;bib6247;bib8283, -3220-bib,3220,bib,See Source,,,bib1461;bib4792;bib5727;bib5728;bib6851, -2158-bib,2158,bib,See Source,,,bib1462;bib6256, -3262-bib,3262,bib,See Source,,,bib1464;bib3226;bib4028;bib6943, -5403-bib,5403,bib,See Source,,,bib1470, -3315-bib,3315,bib,See Source,,,bib1471;bib4709;bib6418, -1370-bib,1370,bib,See Source,,,bib1474;bib1752;bib5612;bib6414;bib6415;bib6418, -4530-bib,4530,bib,See Source,,,bib1475, -5511-bib,5511,bib,See Source,,,bib1476;bib6537, -4625-bib,4625,bib,See Source,,,bib1478;bib3823;bib3824;bib3825;bib3826, -10860-bib,10860,bib,See Source,,,bib1486;bib1487;bib1488;bib1489;bib1490;bib1491;bib1494;bib4316, -5081-bib,5081,bib,See Source,,,bib1497;bib1500;bib1960;bib3434;bib3436;bib3442, -1717-bib,1717,bib,See Source,,,bib1503;bib1504;bib1525;bib2001;bib5209;bib5439;bib5447;bib6373;bib6526;bib7051;bib7142;bib7792;bib8205, -1732-bib,1732,bib,See Source,,,bib1506;bib2259;bib2260;bib2491;bib2644;bib2645;bib3589;bib4107;bib6996, -3013-bib,3013,bib,See Source,,,bib1507, -10489-bib,10489,bib,See Source,,,bib1509;bib1516, -10434-bib,10434,bib,See Source,,,bib1509;bib1513;bib1516;bib1521, -10488-bib,10488,bib,See Source,,,bib1509, -2346-bib,2346,bib,See Source,,,bib1510;bib1518, -10463-bib,10463,bib,See Source,,,bib1512;bib1517, -10465-bib,10465,bib,See Source,,,bib1512;bib1517;bib6795, -4488-bib,4488,bib,See Source,,,bib1514, -10466-bib,10466,bib,See Source,,,bib1517;bib6795, -10464-bib,10464,bib,See Source,,,bib1517;bib1845;bib6795, -4975-bib,4975,bib,See Source,,,bib1517;bib1518;bib1845;bib6046;bib6795, -4949-bib,4949,bib,See Source,,,bib1523;bib2179;bib2308;bib2309;bib2903;bib2904;bib3938;bib4157;bib7775;bib7845, -10943-bib,10943,bib,See Source,,,bib1526;bib7468, -4873-bib,4873,bib,See Source,,,bib1528;bib1530, -5445-bib,5445,bib,See Source,,,bib1529;bib2508;bib2512;bib2520;bib5613, -1689-bib,1689,bib,See Source,,,bib1532;bib2455;bib2478;bib2561;bib2956;bib3196;bib4333;bib4334;bib4335;bib4584;bib4622;bib4631;bib4632;bib5934;bib6231;bib6265;bib6530, -865-bib,865,bib,See Source,,,bib1533;bib4100;bib5216, -2489-bib,2489,bib,See Source,,,bib1534;bib5303;bib5304;bib5305;bib6224, -664-bib,664,bib,See Source,,,bib1541;bib1542;bib4729;bib8283, -2893-bib,2893,bib,See Source,,,bib1545;bib3458;bib7253;bib7254;bib7256, -1622-bib,1622,bib,See Source,,,bib1557;bib1558;bib1559;bib1560, -3148-bib,3148,bib,See Source,,,bib1565;bib3001;bib3287;bib3470;bib3471;bib3474;bib3476;bib4181;bib4731;bib5413;bib5419;bib5868;bib6578;bib7207;bib7240;bib7618;bib7810;bib8290, -3100-bib,3100,bib,See Source,,,bib1566;bib5917, -3457-bib,3457,bib,See Source,,,bib1568;bib1569;bib1570;bib4531;bib8101;bib8102, -1691-bib,1691,bib,See Source,,,bib1569;bib3388;bib5192;bib7802;bib7876;bib8258, -3097-bib,3097,bib,See Source,,,bib1572;bib3597;bib6023;bib6024;bib6253, -948-bib,948,bib,See Source,,,bib1599, -1061-bib,1061,bib,See Source,,,bib1600;bib5918;bib5919;bib5920;bib5921, -8111-bib,8111,bib,See Source,,,bib1602;bib1766;bib2039;bib2108;bib2379;bib3303;bib4893;bib4985;bib7783;bib8144, -3859-bib,3859,bib,See Source,,,bib1605;bib6915, -4805-bib,4805,bib,See Source,,,bib1608;bib2061, -4608-bib,4608,bib,See Source,,,bib1609;bib3671;bib6542;bib7068, -1359-bib,1359,bib,See Source,,,bib1610;bib3638;bib4454;bib5294;bib5870;bib7132, -2210-bib,2210,bib,See Source,,,bib1610;bib7822, -6352-bib,6352,bib,See Source,,,bib1611;bib6638;bib7888, -514-bib,514,bib,See Source,,,bib1616;bib1620;bib1621;bib1622;bib1623;bib1624;bib1626;bib2708;bib3607, -1678-bib,1678,bib,See Source,,,bib1618;bib1619;bib1625;bib1627;bib5111;bib6348, -1644-bib,1644,bib,See Source,,,bib1628;bib3096;bib4195;bib4576;bib5211;bib5351;bib5353;bib5354;bib5903, -4614-bib,4614,bib,See Source,,,bib1631;bib3810;bib3894;bib3913;bib8276, -2548-bib,2548,bib,See Source,,,bib1632;bib3207;bib5783;bib5943;bib5944;bib6160;bib6162, -5409-bib,5409,bib,See Source,,,bib1638, -5354-bib,5354,bib,See Source,,,bib1638;bib2270;bib4426;bib6798, -4510-bib,4510,bib,See Source,,,bib1645, -2520-bib,2520,bib,See Source,,,bib1648;bib1714;bib2301, -2926-bib,2926,bib,See Source,,,bib1649;bib1650;bib1651;bib2101, -1939-bib,1939,bib,See Source,,,bib1652;bib3473;bib3955;bib7301, -4317-bib,4317,bib,See Source,,,bib1654;bib3711;bib4197;bib4198;bib4199;bib4200;bib4201;bib4202;bib4203, -3053-bib,3053,bib,See Source,,,bib1656;bib1916, -1648-bib,1648,bib,See Source,,,bib1660;bib1661;bib2530;bib2932;bib5806;bib5807;bib5809;bib5810;bib5816;bib5817;bib5819;bib6013, -2724-bib,2724,bib,See Source,,,bib1663;bib3553;bib4471;bib5704;bib5705;bib5706;bib6252;bib6648;bib7535;bib8119;bib8121, -1325-bib,1325,bib,See Source,,,bib1673;bib4898;bib4902, -1328-bib,1328,bib,See Source,,,bib1673;bib4901;bib8323, -1949-bib,1949,bib,See Source,,,bib1678;bib1829;bib4792;bib7871, -4311-bib,4311,bib,See Source,,,bib1679;bib1737;bib2437;bib3230;bib3894;bib3917;bib4088;bib4091;bib4259, -8929-bib,8929,bib,See Source,,,bib1679, -540-bib,540,bib,See Source,,,bib1679;bib3894;bib5078;bib5274, -10229-bib,10229,bib,See Source,,,bib1679, -1581-bib,1581,bib,See Source,,,bib1679, -5614-bib,5614,bib,See Source,,,bib1691;bib1692;bib7105;bib7132, -4133-bib,4133,bib,See Source,,,bib1694;bib7109;bib7132;bib7705;bib8003;bib8050;bib8051, -5072-bib,5072,bib,See Source,,,bib1701;bib3162;bib3894;bib3910;bib5585;bib7151, -3362-bib,3362,bib,See Source,,,bib1702;bib7722;bib7723;bib7963, -2650-bib,2650,bib,See Source,,,bib1703, -2229-bib,2229,bib,See Source,,,bib1711;bib4677, -846-bib,846,bib,See Source,,,bib1712;bib1713;bib1822;bib1823;bib1848;bib6439;bib6440;bib6690;bib7361;bib7362;bib7363;bib7364;bib7878;bib8292, -2685-bib,2685,bib,See Source,,,bib1715;bib3988;bib4546, -2891-bib,2891,bib,See Source,,,bib1716;bib4275, -4977-bib,4977,bib,See Source,,,bib1726;bib8026;bib8027, -5286-bib,5286,bib,See Source,,,bib1729;bib1730;bib1735;bib1736, -588-bib,588,bib,See Source,,,bib1737;bib1843;bib1844;bib3147;bib3894;bib4186;bib4187;bib4823;bib5078;bib5461;bib8276, -2588-bib,2588,bib,See Source,,,bib1739;bib4740;bib4741;bib6418, -2608-bib,2608,bib,See Source,,,bib1740;bib4260;bib6658, -1260-bib,1260,bib,See Source,,,bib1741;bib2060;bib4522;bib5896;bib5908;bib6163;bib7206, -4395-bib,4395,bib,See Source,,,bib1746, -1990-bib,1990,bib,See Source,,,bib1753, -5625-bib,5625,bib,See Source,,,bib1755;bib5867;bib5927, -1453-bib,1453,bib,See Source,,,bib1755, -3685-bib,3685,bib,See Source,,,bib1762;bib1763;bib4604, -963-bib,963,bib,See Source,,,bib1764;bib2352;bib8307, -3340-bib,3340,bib,See Source,,,bib1765;bib3327;bib4190, -4644-bib,4644,bib,See Source,,,bib1767;bib2759, -8091-bib,8091,bib,See Source,,,bib1768;bib2475;bib3174;bib5023;bib5829;bib7156;bib7586, -6146-bib,6146,bib,See Source,,,bib1769;bib2828;bib2986;bib4371;bib4372;bib5501;bib5502;bib5503;bib6981;bib7677;bib7678, -1236-bib,1236,bib,See Source,,,bib1771, -1062-bib,1062,bib,See Source,,,bib1778;bib2882;bib7628;bib7630;bib7631;bib7632;bib7633;bib7634, -2645-bib,2645,bib,See Source,,,bib1794;bib1795;bib8008, -2687-bib,2687,bib,See Source,,,bib1795;bib4693;bib8008, -687-bib,687,bib,See Source,,,bib1798;bib1799;bib1801;bib4587;bib4910;bib4911;bib5253;bib5957;bib6199;bib6597;bib7847;bib8131, -7969-bib,7969,bib,See Source,,,bib1803;bib2480;bib2481;bib2482;bib3513;bib3869;bib4485;bib4617;bib4776;bib5801;bib7069;bib7433, -4462-bib,4462,bib,See Source,,,bib1803;bib2480;bib2482;bib2800;bib3513;bib3869, -5339-bib,5339,bib,See Source,,,bib1807;bib1878;bib3078;bib3079;bib3082;bib6274, -3091-bib,3091,bib,See Source,,,bib1810;bib1811;bib2495;bib2763;bib3000;bib4907;bib6325, -201-bib,201,bib,See Source,,,bib1813;bib3265;bib4552;bib7643;bib8232, -2576-bib,2576,bib,See Source,,,bib1814;bib7428;bib7846, -4076-bib,4076,bib,See Source,,,bib1817;bib4182, -4382-bib,4382,bib,See Source,,,bib1820;bib2365;bib2366;bib5256;bib6922, -2749-bib,2749,bib,See Source,,,bib1826;bib5166;bib5167;bib8145, -667-bib,667,bib,See Source,,,bib1827;bib4252;bib5166;bib5167, -3218-bib,3218,bib,See Source,,,bib1829;bib4792, -1565-bib,1565,bib,See Source,,,bib1830;bib2572;bib3818;bib4521;bib4523;bib5283;bib5714;bib6197;bib7870, -1532-bib,1532,bib,See Source,,,bib1831;bib5204;bib5206;bib5210, -3982-bib,3982,bib,See Source,,,bib1832;bib2653;bib3390;bib3393;bib8075, -3233-bib,3233,bib,See Source,,,bib1833;bib3101;bib3343;bib3924;bib7276;bib7456;bib7746, -2707-bib,2707,bib,See Source,,,bib1839;bib4546, -847-bib,847,bib,See Source,,,bib1853;bib1854;bib3008;bib3009;bib4503;bib4504;bib5174;bib5175, -7230-bib,7230,bib,See Source,,,bib1856, -2732-bib,2732,bib,See Source,,,bib1858;bib2577;bib4888, -661-bib,661,bib,See Source,,,bib1859;bib2725;bib6481;bib6482;bib6483, -5312-bib,5312,bib,See Source,,,bib1880, -1473-bib,1473,bib,See Source,,,bib1885;bib2031;bib4703;bib5184;bib5185;bib6796;bib7168, -1667-bib,1667,bib,See Source,,,bib1886;bib4462;bib5376;bib5381, -1694-bib,1694,bib,See Source,,,bib1887;bib1889, -3864-bib,3864,bib,See Source,,,bib1893;bib2518;bib4843;bib5723;bib5855;bib6372;bib6709;bib6710;bib7855, -4727-bib,4727,bib,See Source,,,bib1909;bib2434;bib3050;bib3394;bib3433;bib3559, -3952-bib,3952,bib,See Source,,,bib1911;bib1912;bib2536;bib3172;bib3675;bib4745;bib5554;bib6467;bib7357;bib7414;bib7577, -4712-bib,4712,bib,See Source,,,bib1917, -3897-bib,3897,bib,See Source,,,bib1919;bib1941;bib2908;bib3605;bib6758;bib6760, -6666-bib,6666,bib,See Source,,,bib1920;bib3232, -2446-bib,2446,bib,See Source,,,bib1921;bib4781;bib4783;bib7000, -3417-bib,3417,bib,See Source,,,bib1923;bib3238, -3371-bib,3371,bib,See Source,,,bib1924, -10539-bib,10539,bib,See Source,,,bib1925;bib2677, -1710-bib,1710,bib,See Source,,,bib1931;bib5352;bib5884;bib6357;bib8107;bib8108;bib8109, -2964-bib,2964,bib,See Source,,,bib1933;bib2890;bib2891;bib2892;bib3990;bib3991;bib5675;bib5681;bib6294;bib6353;bib6893;bib6894;bib6895;bib8096, -523-bib,523,bib,See Source,,,bib1942;bib1943;bib2310;bib5617;bib5618;bib5674;bib5684;bib6187, -2546-bib,2546,bib,See Source,,,bib1944;bib2236;bib2514;bib3546;bib7248, -6510-bib,6510,bib,See Source,,,bib1946;bib3320;bib3587;bib7391;bib7392;bib8015, -4006-bib,4006,bib,See Source,,,bib1948;bib1984;bib3758;bib5992;bib6523;bib6524;bib6888;bib6889, -4082-bib,4082,bib,See Source,,,bib1951;bib1957;bib4057;bib4058;bib4445;bib5089;bib6723, -4361-bib,4361,bib,See Source,,,bib1951;bib1957;bib4057;bib4058;bib4445;bib5093;bib6723, -4572-bib,4572,bib,See Source,,,bib1951;bib1957;bib4057;bib4058;bib4445;bib5092;bib6723, -4103-bib,4103,bib,See Source,,,bib1951;bib1957;bib4057;bib4058;bib4445;bib5088;bib6723, -4014-bib,4014,bib,See Source,,,bib1952, -8598-bib,8598,bib,See Source,,,bib1961;bib2499, -5042-bib,5042,bib,See Source,,,bib1961, -7716-bib,7716,bib,See Source,,,bib1962;bib3228;bib3769;bib3935;bib4259, -634-bib,634,bib,See Source,,,bib1983;bib4248;bib4975;bib4982;bib6837, -3275-bib,3275,bib,See Source,,,bib1983;bib2483;bib2484;bib2489;bib2915;bib4982;bib5247;bib5248, -521-bib,521,bib,See Source,,,bib1985, -4667-bib,4667,bib,See Source,,,bib1987;bib7008, -4415-bib,4415,bib,See Source,,,bib1987;bib1992;bib1995;bib7008, -1130-bib,1130,bib,See Source,,,bib1989;bib3258;bib5075;bib5076;bib5713;bib7111;bib7132;bib7173;bib7210;bib8314, -5672-bib,5672,bib,See Source,,,bib1990, -4341-bib,4341,bib,See Source,,,bib1994;bib4997;bib5785;bib5786, -5607-bib,5607,bib,See Source,,,bib1997;bib2170;bib2172;bib3805;bib3807;bib4751;bib4752;bib7107;bib7109;bib7132, -5608-bib,5608,bib,See Source,,,bib1997;bib2170;bib2173;bib3805;bib3807;bib3874;bib4751;bib7109;bib7132, -1930-bib,1930,bib,See Source,,,bib2000;bib3790;bib3791;bib3792;bib5647, -3424-bib,3424,bib,See Source,,,bib2008, -4270-bib,4270,bib,See Source,,,bib2011;bib2012, -6511-bib,6511,bib,See Source,,,bib2015;bib2017;bib2023, -650-bib,650,bib,See Source,,,bib2015;bib2022;bib2844;bib4459;bib4916;bib5172;bib5173;bib6978, -5293-bib,5293,bib,See Source,,,bib2018;bib5059;bib7224, -1916-bib,1916,bib,See Source,,,bib2019;bib5978;bib6923;bib7308, -2997-bib,2997,bib,See Source,,,bib2020;bib3120;bib4729;bib5864;bib5989;bib5990;bib5991;bib6331;bib8105;bib8162, -3332-bib,3332,bib,See Source,,,bib2021;bib2024, -867-bib,867,bib,See Source,,,bib2022;bib3323;bib3506;bib3535;bib5061;bib6871;bib7720;bib7721, -701-bib,701,bib,See Source,,,bib2025;bib2026;bib2027;bib4149, -4944-bib,4944,bib,See Source,,,bib2029;bib2030;bib4816, -2116-bib,2116,bib,See Source,,,bib2033;bib6355;bib6779;bib6780;bib6782;bib7874, -507-bib,507,bib,See Source,,,bib2037;bib4327;bib4329;bib4330, -851-bib,851,bib,See Source,,,bib2051;bib2497;bib3126;bib3853;bib3886;bib4416;bib4672;bib4683;bib4989;bib6770, -5412-bib,5412,bib,See Source,,,bib2057, -3816-bib,3816,bib,See Source,,,bib2058;bib6043, -3819-bib,3819,bib,See Source,,,bib2058;bib3850, -4599-bib,4599,bib,See Source,,,bib2065, -6512-bib,6512,bib,See Source,,,bib2066;bib6276;bib6774;bib6776;bib7707;bib8261;bib8295, -1381-bib,1381,bib,See Source,,,bib2068;bib7043, -1450-bib,1450,bib,See Source,,,bib2069;bib3787, -3380-bib,3380,bib,See Source,,,bib2080;bib2081, -2565-bib,2565,bib,See Source,,,bib2082;bib2083, -2559-bib,2559,bib,See Source,,,bib2084;bib3242;bib4272, -3198-bib,3198,bib,See Source,,,bib2085;bib2086, -1257-bib,1257,bib,See Source,,,bib2091;bib5072, -3219-bib,3219,bib,See Source,,,bib2097;bib2098;bib2099;bib2927, -1124-bib,1124,bib,See Source,,,bib2103;bib3593, -5700-bib,5700,bib,See Source,,,bib2107;bib3751;bib3877;bib6545;bib7132, -2131-bib,2131,bib,See Source,,,bib2133;bib5250;bib5391, -652-bib,652,bib,See Source,,,bib2136, -1734-bib,1734,bib,See Source,,,bib2137;bib3589, -633-bib,633,bib,See Source,,,bib2140;bib4371;bib6515;bib6560;bib7591;bib8218, -5884-bib,5884,bib,See Source,,,bib2141, -1235-bib,1235,bib,See Source,,,bib2142;bib7305;bib7306, -586-bib,586,bib,See Source,,,bib2145;bib2474;bib6509, -5060-bib,5060,bib,See Source,,,bib2162;bib2163;bib4444;bib6127, -8569-bib,8569,bib,See Source,,,bib2171;bib4283, -3197-bib,3197,bib,See Source,,,bib2184;bib2193;bib2198;bib5460, -6651-bib,6651,bib,See Source,,,bib2185;bib3410, -4884-bib,4884,bib,See Source,,,bib2187;bib2188;bib6311;bib6800;bib6801;bib6802;bib6803, -3379-bib,3379,bib,See Source,,,bib2189;bib2190, -4910-bib,4910,bib,See Source,,,bib2191, -1145-bib,1145,bib,See Source,,,bib2192;bib2979;bib2987;bib4453;bib5949;bib5950;bib5951;bib5952;bib5953;bib6599;bib6783;bib6784, -504-bib,504,bib,See Source,,,bib2194;bib2299;bib7265, -1004-bib,1004,bib,See Source,,,bib2196;bib5648;bib5649;bib5652;bib5784;bib7027;bib8100;bib8103, -3352-bib,3352,bib,See Source,,,bib2197, -2207-bib,2207,bib,See Source,,,bib2199;bib2675;bib3149;bib3716;bib4259, -5205-bib,5205,bib,See Source,,,bib2201, -3149-bib,3149,bib,See Source,,,bib2209;bib2210;bib2211;bib2212;bib2990;bib6614;bib8160;bib8223, -1306-bib,1306,bib,See Source,,,bib2217;bib2250;bib2432;bib3183;bib3624;bib4853;bib4854;bib4855;bib4858;bib5077;bib5963;bib5964, -3307-bib,3307,bib,See Source,,,bib2218;bib2219;bib2220;bib2221, -5689-bib,5689,bib,See Source,,,bib2222, -3903-bib,3903,bib,See Source,,,bib2223, -4062-bib,4062,bib,See Source,,,bib2225;bib5818, -4027-bib,4027,bib,See Source,,,bib2235;bib3265;bib7640, -9490-bib,9490,bib,See Source,,,bib2239;bib7044, -8330-bib,8330,bib,See Source,,,bib2239;bib7175, -2746-bib,2746,bib,See Source,,,bib2244, -2716-bib,2716,bib,See Source,,,bib2249;bib3265, -2992-bib,2992,bib,See Source,,,bib2251;bib4594;bib4978, -1947-bib,1947,bib,See Source,,,bib2252;bib3057;bib3058;bib3059;bib3870;bib3871, -570-bib,570,bib,See Source,,,bib2254;bib7200, -4337-bib,4337,bib,See Source,,,bib2261;bib3190, -4503-bib,4503,bib,See Source,,,bib2263;bib8239;bib8242;bib8243, -6030-bib,6030,bib,See Source,,,bib2267;bib7778, -5353-bib,5353,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib4538, -4730-bib,4730,bib,See Source,,,bib2270;bib3384;bib3385;bib3778;bib3842;bib5662;bib5663;bib5664;bib5846, -3789-bib,3789,bib,See Source,,,bib2271;bib2955;bib2957;bib2958;bib2964, -2577-bib,2577,bib,See Source,,,bib2272, -2961-bib,2961,bib,See Source,,,bib2273;bib3591, -2088-bib,2088,bib,See Source,,,bib2275;bib2550;bib2885;bib5307, -4715-bib,4715,bib,See Source,,,bib2276;bib5492, -5621-bib,5621,bib,See Source,,,bib2278;bib4287;bib5434;bib5435;bib8066, -7710-bib,7710,bib,See Source,,,bib2289;bib2333;bib3128;bib3166;bib3167;bib3168;bib3169;bib5270, -684-bib,684,bib,See Source,,,bib2292;bib2294;bib4792;bib8125, -9470-bib,9470,bib,See Source,,,bib2300;bib3189;bib3618, -1646-bib,1646,bib,See Source,,,bib2311;bib2569;bib6453;bib7409;bib7867;bib7872;bib7873, -551-bib,551,bib,See Source,,,bib2312, -2783-bib,2783,bib,See Source,,,bib2319;bib2817;bib6990, -2799-bib,2799,bib,See Source,,,bib2320;bib3265;bib4561;bib6917;bib7642, -2780-bib,2780,bib,See Source,,,bib2320;bib2816;bib5113, -5666-bib,5666,bib,See Source,,,bib2321;bib2664;bib2936;bib5824, -5648-bib,5648,bib,See Source,,,bib2322;bib4475, -5627-bib,5627,bib,See Source,,,bib2323, -2566-bib,2566,bib,See Source,,,bib2325, -3913-bib,3913,bib,See Source,,,bib2327;bib2328, -4655-bib,4655,bib,See Source,,,bib2332;bib2517;bib3606, -2144-bib,2144,bib,See Source,,,bib2334;bib2966;bib7610, -686-bib,686,bib,See Source,,,bib2335;bib4193;bib6078;bib7813;bib8106, -8129-bib,8129,bib,See Source,,,bib2339, -2226-bib,2226,bib,See Source,,,bib2342;bib2344;bib2345;bib2348, -2227-bib,2227,bib,See Source,,,bib2343;bib6158, -2267-bib,2267,bib,See Source,,,bib2346, -10455-bib,10455,bib,See Source,,,bib2350;bib3221;bib4668;bib4800;bib7132, -1938-bib,1938,bib,See Source,,,bib2353;bib3717;bib6835;bib6836, -5114-bib,5114,bib,See Source,,,bib2367, -6659-bib,6659,bib,See Source,,,bib2367;bib4993, -2945-bib,2945,bib,See Source,,,bib2368;bib4107;bib4714;bib7387;bib8082, -2552-bib,2552,bib,See Source,,,bib2370, -4898-bib,4898,bib,See Source,,,bib2377;bib7385;bib7484, -3990-bib,3990,bib,See Source,,,bib2381;bib4188, -3852-bib,3852,bib,See Source,,,bib2382, -1619-bib,1619,bib,See Source,,,bib2383;bib2384;bib2385;bib7958, -1590-bib,1590,bib,See Source,,,bib2386;bib6095;bib7865, -3987-bib,3987,bib,See Source,,,bib2393, -1148-bib,1148,bib,See Source,,,bib2400;bib5874, -1237-bib,1237,bib,See Source,,,bib2401;bib4642;bib5074;bib6818, -1511-bib,1511,bib,See Source,,,bib2402;bib3396;bib3397;bib4633;bib5694, -1425-bib,1425,bib,See Source,,,bib2403;bib5265, -4047-bib,4047,bib,See Source,,,bib2404, -5192-bib,5192,bib,See Source,,,bib2404, -1364-bib,1364,bib,See Source,,,bib2418;bib3002;bib3209;bib7232;bib7296;bib7298;bib7299;bib7300, -4148-bib,4148,bib,See Source,,,bib2418;bib2930;bib3538;bib3967;bib4209;bib6973;bib7291;bib7620;bib8248, -1654-bib,1654,bib,See Source,,,bib2420;bib2422;bib2702;bib4685;bib4850;bib4851;bib6331, -1653-bib,1653,bib,See Source,,,bib2424;bib3121;bib5065;bib5200;bib5201;bib6086;bib6250;bib8155, -1652-bib,1652,bib,See Source,,,bib2424;bib6967;bib7811;bib8159;bib8178;bib8179, -656-bib,656,bib,See Source,,,bib2426;bib5539;bib6062, -5301-bib,5301,bib,See Source,,,bib2440;bib2441;bib4779, -10431-bib,10431,bib,See Source,,,bib2444, -1136-bib,1136,bib,See Source,,,bib2456;bib3229;bib3453;bib5082;bib5087, -6250-bib,6250,bib,See Source,,,bib2457;bib2458, -853-bib,853,bib,See Source,,,bib2464;bib3275;bib5517;bib6050;bib6205;bib7235;bib7237, -6169-bib,6169,bib,See Source,,,bib2466;bib2467;bib2468;bib2612;bib2709, -4369-bib,4369,bib,See Source,,,bib2469;bib5947, -3261-bib,3261,bib,See Source,,,bib2473, -10521-bib,10521,bib,See Source,,,bib2488;bib6656, -3090-bib,3090,bib,See Source,,,bib2490;bib3589, -4976-bib,4976,bib,See Source,,,bib2496;bib4719;bib4829;bib5299;bib6066, -4967-bib,4967,bib,See Source,,,bib2504;bib2505;bib6769, -4197-bib,4197,bib,See Source,,,bib2507;bib4081;bib4083, -1132-bib,1132,bib,See Source,,,bib2515;bib4082;bib6388;bib7336, -10437-bib,10437,bib,See Source,,,bib2524, -3122-bib,3122,bib,See Source,,,bib2531;bib4594;bib4792;bib6717;bib6718;bib6719;bib8080;bib8088, -4719-bib,4719,bib,See Source,,,bib2552, -3152-bib,3152,bib,See Source,,,bib2563;bib2825;bib5541;bib5646;bib8086;bib8094;bib8158, -4182-bib,4182,bib,See Source,,,bib2564, -648-bib,648,bib,See Source,,,bib2570;bib2571;bib2668;bib7216, -1219-bib,1219,bib,See Source,,,bib2598, -3901-bib,3901,bib,See Source,,,bib2603;bib3053;bib3335;bib5910, -2057-bib,2057,bib,See Source,,,bib2606, -1166-bib,1166,bib,See Source,,,bib2607;bib3234;bib5811;bib6564;bib6565;bib6566;bib6765;bib6766;bib6769;bib8044;bib8045, -2669-bib,2669,bib,See Source,,,bib2617, -1731-bib,1731,bib,See Source,,,bib2619;bib2620;bib2621;bib3589, -663-bib,663,bib,See Source,,,bib2623;bib6017, -1384-bib,1384,bib,See Source,,,bib2625;bib2627, -5525-bib,5525,bib,See Source,,,bib2627;bib2901;bib2902;bib2904;bib3939;bib4363;bib6522, -2730-bib,2730,bib,See Source,,,bib2634;bib2635;bib3595;bib4594;bib4729;bib6028;bib6029;bib6030;bib6031;bib6032;bib6033;bib6427;bib6595, -5303-bib,5303,bib,See Source,,,bib2637;bib5490;bib8256;bib8262, -2265-bib,2265,bib,See Source,,,bib2639;bib3629, -4485-bib,4485,bib,See Source,,,bib2639;bib3629;bib6827, -7369-bib,7369,bib,See Source,,,bib2649, -2292-bib,2292,bib,See Source,,,bib2650;bib7293;bib7294;bib7297, -5247-bib,5247,bib,See Source,,,bib2651;bib2652, -1847-bib,1847,bib,See Source,,,bib2672;bib3092;bib3116;bib4470;bib6082, -2711-bib,2711,bib,See Source,,,bib2678;bib7835, -3360-bib,3360,bib,See Source,,,bib2685;bib7424;bib7425, -9870-bib,9870,bib,See Source,,,bib2687;bib2688, -8689-bib,8689,bib,See Source,,,bib2694;bib2696;bib2697;bib3586;bib5119;bib6286;bib6310;bib6438;bib6655;bib7143;bib7550;bib7902, -5683-bib,5683,bib,See Source,,,bib2699;bib4135;bib4136;bib4354;bib4355;bib6100;bib6145;bib6221;bib6443;bib6749, -4057-bib,4057,bib,See Source,,,bib2715;bib2716;bib2717;bib3032;bib5923;bib5924;bib8042, -1852-bib,1852,bib,See Source,,,bib2721;bib2722;bib4792;bib8219;bib8220;bib8221, -1677-bib,1677,bib,See Source,,,bib2737;bib2738;bib2739;bib2741;bib2742;bib4084;bib4827;bib7171;bib7212;bib7482;bib7483, -3829-bib,3829,bib,See Source,,,bib2744, -3372-bib,3372,bib,See Source,,,bib2745;bib4606, -4056-bib,4056,bib,See Source,,,bib2756;bib3273, -2115-bib,2115,bib,See Source,,,bib2763;bib4247;bib5258;bib6309;bib6698;bib7197;bib7497;bib8198, -4453-bib,4453,bib,See Source,,,bib2765, -5652-bib,5652,bib,See Source,,,bib2765;bib5028;bib7858, -3099-bib,3099,bib,See Source,,,bib2767, -4155-bib,4155,bib,See Source,,,bib2769;bib3783, -10720-bib,10720,bib,See Source,,,bib2772;bib2773;bib2774;bib2775;bib5567;bib5695;bib7706, -1573-bib,1573,bib,See Source,,,bib2776;bib3814;bib5671;bib5672;bib5791;bib8200, -4124-bib,4124,bib,See Source,,,bib2779;bib3427;bib3444;bib3449, -3910-bib,3910,bib,See Source,,,bib2789;bib3024;bib3652, -2691-bib,2691,bib,See Source,,,bib2797;bib4534;bib7006, -6203-bib,6203,bib,See Source,,,bib2798;bib5179;bib5180;bib5181;bib5182, -2573-bib,2573,bib,See Source,,,bib2806;bib3244, -5175-bib,5175,bib,See Source,,,bib2808;bib7132, -1650-bib,1650,bib,See Source,,,bib2813;bib3280;bib6578;bib7496;bib7618;bib8288, -6668-bib,6668,bib,See Source,,,bib2815;bib7191;bib7957, -2168-bib,2168,bib,See Source,,,bib2826;bib7662, -6029-bib,6029,bib,See Source,,,bib2830;bib3411;bib5290;bib6376, -3981-bib,3981,bib,See Source,,,bib2831, -3191-bib,3191,bib,See Source,,,bib2834, -1239-bib,1239,bib,See Source,,,bib2835, -2720-bib,2720,bib,See Source,,,bib2837;bib3288;bib4968, -3004-bib,3004,bib,See Source,,,bib2848;bib5388, -679-bib,679,bib,See Source,,,bib2850;bib4364;bib5650;bib5651;bib7687, -3799-bib,3799,bib,See Source,,,bib2864;bib4766;bib7182, -5433-bib,5433,bib,See Source,,,bib2871, -1429-bib,1429,bib,See Source,,,bib2875;bib4133;bib5261;bib5691, -584-bib,584,bib,See Source,,,bib2877, -7290-bib,7290,bib,See Source,,,bib2879;bib3519;bib3520;bib3521;bib3522;bib3528, -5703-bib,5703,bib,See Source,,,bib2883;bib2884;bib4586, -10470-bib,10470,bib,See Source,,,bib2886, -2561-bib,2561,bib,See Source,,,bib2907;bib5602, -5987-bib,5987,bib,See Source,,,bib2912;bib2913, -2980-bib,2980,bib,See Source,,,bib2917;bib4990;bib5422;bib8214, -2737-bib,2737,bib,See Source,,,bib2927, -3021-bib,3021,bib,See Source,,,bib2935;bib5533;bib5534;bib5535;bib7352, -2767-bib,2767,bib,See Source,,,bib2938;bib2939;bib2940;bib5670;bib7195;bib8046;bib8047, -2105-bib,2105,bib,See Source,,,bib2944;bib2945;bib2946;bib2947;bib2948;bib3042, -5076-bib,5076,bib,See Source,,,bib2951;bib2952;bib3163;bib3894;bib3915;bib3926;bib3927;bib5585, -4251-bib,4251,bib,See Source,,,bib2953;bib2954;bib3528;bib3829;bib4496, -4207-bib,4207,bib,See Source,,,bib2954;bib3829, -10009-bib,10009,bib,See Source,,,bib2965;bib7418, -2585-bib,2585,bib,See Source,,,bib2970;bib4158;bib5037;bib6567, -1568-bib,1568,bib,See Source,,,bib2974;bib2975, -5610-bib,5610,bib,See Source,,,bib2994;bib6431;bib6432;bib6433;bib7132, -5673-bib,5673,bib,See Source,,,bib2995;bib5364;bib7975, -3858-bib,3858,bib,See Source,,,bib2997;bib5954;bib8164, -2921-bib,2921,bib,See Source,,,bib2999;bib3568;bib6612, -8909-bib,8909,bib,See Source,,,bib3003;bib3005;bib4403, -2702-bib,2702,bib,See Source,,,bib3010;bib4221;bib4484, -1929-bib,1929,bib,See Source,,,bib3011, -4230-bib,4230,bib,See Source,,,bib3020, -1992-bib,1992,bib,See Source,,,bib3025;bib4634;bib7312;bib7314, -2466-bib,2466,bib,See Source,,,bib3026;bib5342;bib5679;bib7814, -1988-bib,1988,bib,See Source,,,bib3028;bib3583, -4147-bib,4147,bib,See Source,,,bib3029, -5690-bib,5690,bib,See Source,,,bib3034;bib3060;bib3236;bib4093;bib5525;bib6629;bib7903;bib8012, -5226-bib,5226,bib,See Source,,,bib3039;bib3040, -2325-bib,2325,bib,See Source,,,bib3043;bib3048;bib7424, -4023-bib,4023,bib,See Source,,,bib3052;bib5010;bib5545;bib5875;bib5877;bib5878;bib6805, -4308-bib,4308,bib,See Source,,,bib3053;bib4107, -1507-bib,1507,bib,See Source,,,bib3054;bib5694;bib6942, -5937-bib,5937,bib,See Source,,,bib3055, -3150-bib,3150,bib,See Source,,,bib3064;bib6491;bib7164, -5620-bib,5620,bib,See Source,,,bib3065;bib7094, -4464-bib,4464,bib,See Source,,,bib3066;bib6533;bib7953, -1892-bib,1892,bib,See Source,,,bib3069, -1787-bib,1787,bib,See Source,,,bib3069, -8329-bib,8329,bib,See Source,,,bib3071, -127-bib,127,bib,See Source,,,bib3093;bib3475;bib3690;bib6617;bib6681;bib6682;bib6683;bib7015;bib7118, -1458-bib,1458,bib,See Source,,,bib3097;bib3098;bib3099;bib3100;bib3589;bib6249;bib8147;bib8216, -3895-bib,3895,bib,See Source,,,bib3101;bib7276, -5640-bib,5640,bib,See Source,,,bib3115;bib3873;bib4290;bib4775;bib7192, -3042-bib,3042,bib,See Source,,,bib3118;bib4233;bib4273;bib6616;bib7458, -2132-bib,2132,bib,See Source,,,bib3136;bib3137;bib3138;bib4792;bib5233;bib5234, -1431-bib,1431,bib,See Source,,,bib3141;bib7702;bib7987, -528-bib,528,bib,See Source,,,bib3150;bib3810;bib8276, -529-bib,529,bib,See Source,,,bib3150;bib3810;bib3894;bib3912;bib8276, -4786-bib,4786,bib,See Source,,,bib3156;bib3369;bib3894;bib3899;bib7925, -1134-bib,1134,bib,See Source,,,bib3159, -1310-bib,1310,bib,See Source,,,bib3171, -843-bib,843,bib,See Source,,,bib3195;bib4173;bib4174;bib5018;bib6287, -2007-bib,2007,bib,See Source,,,bib3198;bib3308;bib3489;bib3605;bib4969;bib5465;bib6902, -4096-bib,4096,bib,See Source,,,bib3222;bib3663;bib4802;bib6280;bib6891, -4167-bib,4167,bib,See Source,,,bib3233;bib3614, -1146-bib,1146,bib,See Source,,,bib3235;bib3387;bib4917;bib5193;bib7978, -4340-bib,4340,bib,See Source,,,bib3236;bib7064, -5694-bib,5694,bib,See Source,,,bib3236;bib6138;bib7115, -1637-bib,1637,bib,See Source,,,bib3245;bib5670;bib6666;bib8127, -5094-bib,5094,bib,See Source,,,bib3246;bib6200, -1530-bib,1530,bib,See Source,,,bib3249;bib3251;bib3252;bib3253, -3765-bib,3765,bib,See Source,,,bib3259;bib6945;bib6946, -10637-bib,10637,bib,See Source,,,bib3265, -10640-bib,10640,bib,See Source,,,bib3265, -5177-bib,5177,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib4112;bib4114, -10679-bib,10679,bib,See Source,,,bib3265, -10602-bib,10602,bib,See Source,,,bib3265, -2779-bib,2779,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib7640;bib7641, -4393-bib,4393,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib7695, -4647-bib,4647,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib7696, -5147-bib,5147,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib6412, -4714-bib,4714,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib7642, -4070-bib,4070,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib4552, -4386-bib,4386,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib7799;bib7800, -6674-bib,6674,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib6192;bib7002;bib7003, -1890-bib,1890,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib6413, -1382-bib,1382,bib,See Source,,,bib3278, -632-bib,632,bib,See Source,,,bib3279;bib3527;bib5104;bib5260;bib6699;bib8114;bib8184, -1641-bib,1641,bib,See Source,,,bib3283, -4156-bib,4156,bib,See Source,,,bib3284;bib4096;bib4107;bib6041;bib6042;bib6048;bib6049, -8469-bib,8469,bib,See Source,,,bib3290;bib5356, -1959-bib,1959,bib,See Source,,,bib3291;bib4447;bib5407;bib5408;bib6000;bib7161;bib7559;bib7560, -2568-bib,2568,bib,See Source,,,bib3293;bib3294;bib3295, -1586-bib,1586,bib,See Source,,,bib3296;bib3563, -1991-bib,1991,bib,See Source,,,bib3296;bib6620;bib8009, -670-bib,670,bib,See Source,,,bib3307;bib4772;bib5018;bib6126;bib7153;bib7154, -3032-bib,3032,bib,See Source,,,bib3309;bib5249, -5881-bib,5881,bib,See Source,,,bib3318;bib4379;bib4974;bib6975;bib6999;bib7977, -2087-bib,2087,bib,See Source,,,bib3318;bib6999, -4672-bib,4672,bib,See Source,,,bib3331;bib3332;bib3334, -3239-bib,3239,bib,See Source,,,bib3349, -3323-bib,3323,bib,See Source,,,bib3353;bib3355, -1434-bib,1434,bib,See Source,,,bib3367;bib4899;bib6940;bib7277, -5825-bib,5825,bib,See Source,,,bib3371;bib8204, -5637-bib,5637,bib,See Source,,,bib3380;bib4480;bib5893;bib5894;bib5895, -4330-bib,4330,bib,See Source,,,bib3382;bib3875;bib7317;bib7946, -3691-bib,3691,bib,See Source,,,bib3386, -1536-bib,1536,bib,See Source,,,bib3387;bib5773;bib5774;bib7764;bib7765, -1510-bib,1510,bib,See Source,,,bib3397;bib5694, -9689-bib,9689,bib,See Source,,,bib3398;bib3399;bib3401;bib3403, -2830-bib,2830,bib,See Source,,,bib3402, -4626-bib,4626,bib,See Source,,,bib3404;bib7912, -2589-bib,2589,bib,See Source,,,bib3406;bib3414;bib3416;bib3677;bib3678, -1915-bib,1915,bib,See Source,,,bib3408;bib3776, -2572-bib,2572,bib,See Source,,,bib3409, -4859-bib,4859,bib,See Source,,,bib3415, -3305-bib,3305,bib,See Source,,,bib3424, -5805-bib,5805,bib,See Source,,,bib3437, -4001-bib,4001,bib,See Source,,,bib3456;bib7410;bib7411, -2797-bib,2797,bib,See Source,,,bib3456;bib7410;bib7411, -4934-bib,4934,bib,See Source,,,bib3457;bib3477;bib3493;bib6027;bib6852;bib7624;bib7680;bib7681;bib7682, -5248-bib,5248,bib,See Source,,,bib3463;bib3464;bib6102;bib7824, -5704-bib,5704,bib,See Source,,,bib3465, -5079-bib,5079,bib,See Source,,,bib3469;bib7776, -3857-bib,3857,bib,See Source,,,bib3481, -3344-bib,3344,bib,See Source,,,bib3482, -2564-bib,2564,bib,See Source,,,bib3483;bib3484, -2672-bib,2672,bib,See Source,,,bib3488;bib4195;bib4281;bib4282;bib5263;bib5346;bib6071;bib6072;bib6073;bib6074, -4250-bib,4250,bib,See Source,,,bib3490;bib3491;bib3492;bib5614;bib5615;bib5793;bib5794;bib7940, -4603-bib,4603,bib,See Source,,,bib3495;bib5735;bib5742;bib5963;bib6225, -10421-bib,10421,bib,See Source,,,bib3518;bib3520, -1621-bib,1621,bib,See Source,,,bib3526;bib5559;bib7093;bib7459;bib7741;bib8237, -2009-bib,2009,bib,See Source,,,bib3529;bib3530, -2056-bib,2056,bib,See Source,,,bib3532;bib3533;bib3775, -1332-bib,1332,bib,See Source,,,bib3544;bib5307;bib5572, -1464-bib,1464,bib,See Source,,,bib3545;bib7894, -121-bib,121,bib,See Source,,,bib3560;bib3561, -640-bib,640,bib,See Source,,,bib3565;bib7109;bib7110;bib8012;bib8231, -3399-bib,3399,bib,See Source,,,bib3566;bib5027;bib5155;bib5156;bib5157, -3163-bib,3163,bib,See Source,,,bib3568;bib4594;bib5417;bib5420;bib6612, -2030-bib,2030,bib,See Source,,,bib3569, -3008-bib,3008,bib,See Source,,,bib3589;bib4107, -9409-bib,9409,bib,See Source,,,bib3616;bib3619;bib5748;bib7044, -1446-bib,1446,bib,See Source,,,bib3620;bib3621;bib4333;bib4579;bib7283, -10936-bib,10936,bib,See Source,,,bib3622;bib3676;bib7231, -9449-bib,9449,bib,See Source,,,bib3623;bib4278, -5688-bib,5688,bib,See Source,,,bib3631;bib3632, -4475-bib,4475,bib,See Source,,,bib3633;bib6198;bib7992, -8234-bib,8234,bib,See Source,,,bib3635;bib3831;bib6475, -4904-bib,4904,bib,See Source,,,bib3636;bib7280;bib7314;bib7316, -3543-bib,3543,bib,See Source,,,bib3640;bib6762;bib7635;bib7636, -3160-bib,3160,bib,See Source,,,bib3650, -4414-bib,4414,bib,See Source,,,bib3651;bib6688, -7714-bib,7714,bib,See Source,,,bib3654, -2956-bib,2956,bib,See Source,,,bib3670, -2578-bib,2578,bib,See Source,,,bib3672;bib3673, -4385-bib,4385,bib,See Source,,,bib3679;bib8252, -3539-bib,3539,bib,See Source,,,bib3679, -9169-bib,9169,bib,See Source,,,bib3681;bib5862, -4648-bib,4648,bib,See Source,,,bib3682, -3798-bib,3798,bib,See Source,,,bib3687;bib8268, -655-bib,655,bib,See Source,,,bib3704;bib4256;bib4257;bib4258;bib6257, -674-bib,674,bib,See Source,,,bib3715;bib4107;bib5685;bib6420;bib6421;bib6970;bib8274, -4091-bib,4091,bib,See Source,,,bib3719;bib3721, -5655-bib,5655,bib,See Source,,,bib3721, -1618-bib,1618,bib,See Source,,,bib3721, -5643-bib,5643,bib,See Source,,,bib3721, -4919-bib,4919,bib,See Source,,,bib3723;bib3724;bib5548;bib8239, -2216-bib,2216,bib,See Source,,,bib3729;bib4402;bib4545, -525-bib,525,bib,See Source,,,bib3737;bib4591;bib4592, -5609-bib,5609,bib,See Source,,,bib3743;bib7132;bib7178;bib7798, -1487-bib,1487,bib,See Source,,,bib3750, -3504-bib,3504,bib,See Source,,,bib3751;bib6856;bib6860;bib6861, -1227-bib,1227,bib,See Source,,,bib3765;bib4299;bib4879;bib4881;bib6018;bib6349;bib7112;bib7304, -4468-bib,4468,bib,See Source,,,bib3766;bib4357;bib6177, -1987-bib,1987,bib,See Source,,,bib3773;bib3774;bib4518;bib4519;bib5955;bib5956;bib7796, -5026-bib,5026,bib,See Source,,,bib3776, -3001-bib,3001,bib,See Source,,,bib3777, -3368-bib,3368,bib,See Source,,,bib3786, -1149-bib,1149,bib,See Source,,,bib3788;bib3789;bib4370;bib4747;bib8083, -4160-bib,4160,bib,See Source,,,bib3806, -1250-bib,1250,bib,See Source,,,bib3815;bib7286;bib7287, -3278-bib,3278,bib,See Source,,,bib3819;bib5284, -4305-bib,4305,bib,See Source,,,bib3828;bib4610;bib5780;bib6455, -1185-bib,1185,bib,See Source,,,bib3830;bib7189, -4676-bib,4676,bib,See Source,,,bib3848;bib3849;bib7267, -4401-bib,4401,bib,See Source,,,bib3852;bib3930, -2728-bib,2728,bib,See Source,,,bib3864, -2920-bib,2920,bib,See Source,,,bib3868;bib5851;bib6329;bib6598;bib8113, -3899-bib,3899,bib,See Source,,,bib3872, -4328-bib,4328,bib,See Source,,,bib3875;bib7317;bib8076, -1433-bib,1433,bib,See Source,,,bib3878;bib4625;bib5691;bib7315;bib7964, -1238-bib,1238,bib,See Source,,,bib3880;bib4630, -1538-bib,1538,bib,See Source,,,bib3882, -626-bib,626,bib,See Source,,,bib3885;bib4243, -3022-bib,3022,bib,See Source,,,bib3888;bib6378;bib6924;bib6925;bib6926;bib8176, -3597-bib,3597,bib,See Source,,,bib3889, -3792-bib,3792,bib,See Source,,,bib3894;bib3918, -2205-bib,2205,bib,See Source,,,bib3894;bib4259, -5073-bib,5073,bib,See Source,,,bib3894;bib3977, -587-bib,587,bib,See Source,,,bib3907, -3403-bib,3403,bib,See Source,,,bib3929, -5999-bib,5999,bib,See Source,,,bib3931, -1082-bib,1082,bib,See Source,,,bib3932, -4249-bib,4249,bib,See Source,,,bib3933;bib6394, -1813-bib,1813,bib,See Source,,,bib3948;bib6067, -101-bib,101,bib,See Source,,,bib3950;bib6281, -3322-bib,3322,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -1409-bib,1409,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -5324-bib,5324,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -2777-bib,2777,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -1352-bib,1352,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -2803-bib,2803,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -1900-bib,1900,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -2778-bib,2778,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -1414-bib,1414,bib,See Source,,,bib3959, -5682-bib,5682,bib,See Source,,,bib3968;bib4280, -8069-bib,8069,bib,See Source,,,bib3971;bib5744, -8452-bib,8452,bib,See Source,,,bib3972;bib8140, -8195-bib,8195,bib,See Source,,,bib3980;bib7085, -2299-bib,2299,bib,See Source,,,bib3989;bib5138, -5566-bib,5566,bib,See Source,,,bib3995;bib5732, -4567-bib,4567,bib,See Source,,,bib3997, -2744-bib,2744,bib,See Source,,,bib4009;bib4043;bib4044;bib4045, -3151-bib,3151,bib,See Source,,,bib4013;bib4014;bib4015;bib4594;bib4715, -7007-bib,7007,bib,See Source,,,bib4016, -5988-bib,5988,bib,See Source,,,bib4032;bib6757;bib7593;bib7647, -5064-bib,5064,bib,See Source,,,bib4032;bib4155, -3018-bib,3018,bib,See Source,,,bib4039, -761-bib,761,bib,See Source,,,bib4046, -2371-bib,2371,bib,See Source,,,bib4047, -2368-bib,2368,bib,See Source,,,bib4048;bib4228;bib4601;bib6155;bib6308;bib6538, -3066-bib,3066,bib,See Source,,,bib4074;bib5466, -3043-bib,3043,bib,See Source,,,bib4076;bib5577;bib5900;bib5902;bib5931;bib7439;bib7959, -4645-bib,4645,bib,See Source,,,bib4078, -3460-bib,3460,bib,See Source,,,bib4090;bib4092;bib4242, -6469-bib,6469,bib,See Source,,,bib4098;bib4314;bib6173;bib6174;bib6175;bib6764;bib7710;bib7711;bib7962, -2031-bib,2031,bib,See Source,,,bib4104, -2176-bib,2176,bib,See Source,,,bib4117;bib4120;bib4121;bib4122, -3885-bib,3885,bib,See Source,,,bib4123;bib6321, -4480-bib,4480,bib,See Source,,,bib4137;bib5464, -721-bib,721,bib,See Source,,,bib4141;bib4147;bib4148;bib4254, -1167-bib,1167,bib,See Source,,,bib4142, -7715-bib,7715,bib,See Source,,,bib4157, -1209-bib,1209,bib,See Source,,,bib4170;bib4695;bib4801;bib5188, -2770-bib,2770,bib,See Source,,,bib4178, -3342-bib,3342,bib,See Source,,,bib4207, -10906-bib,10906,bib,See Source,,,bib4210, -4227-bib,4227,bib,See Source,,,bib4214;bib6418;bib7809, -4693-bib,4693,bib,See Source,,,bib4224;bib5830;bib5943, -4078-bib,4078,bib,See Source,,,bib4236, -3787-bib,3787,bib,See Source,,,bib4237, -4282-bib,4282,bib,See Source,,,bib4249;bib4251;bib5195;bib5197;bib8289, -2766-bib,2766,bib,See Source,,,bib4253;bib5236, -3974-bib,3974,bib,See Source,,,bib4257;bib5987;bib8118, -5020-bib,5020,bib,See Source,,,bib4259, -5546-bib,5546,bib,See Source,,,bib4260, -4901-bib,4901,bib,See Source,,,bib4261, -4210-bib,4210,bib,See Source,,,bib4262, -2549-bib,2549,bib,See Source,,,bib4263, -2553-bib,2553,bib,See Source,,,bib4264;bib6209;bib6213;bib7424, -4416-bib,4416,bib,See Source,,,bib4279;bib5363;bib6733, -1380-bib,1380,bib,See Source,,,bib4284;bib6573;bib6574, -2998-bib,2998,bib,See Source,,,bib4293;bib4294;bib4295;bib4296;bib5100, -1506-bib,1506,bib,See Source,,,bib4297;bib5694, -3969-bib,3969,bib,See Source,,,bib4305;bib4306;bib4307;bib4308, -1933-bib,1933,bib,See Source,,,bib4332, -3024-bib,3024,bib,See Source,,,bib4340;bib4341;bib5536, -7389-bib,7389,bib,See Source,,,bib4353;bib4355;bib6753, -4367-bib,4367,bib,See Source,,,bib4356, -10829-bib,10829,bib,See Source,,,bib4384;bib5121;bib7502, -1255-bib,1255,bib,See Source,,,bib4387;bib4388;bib4390, -1256-bib,1256,bib,See Source,,,bib4389;bib5154, -2449-bib,2449,bib,See Source,,,bib4400;bib7038, -5420-bib,5420,bib,See Source,,,bib4406;bib5751, -1760-bib,1760,bib,See Source,,,bib4430;bib4431;bib4435;bib5708, -4122-bib,4122,bib,See Source,,,bib4445, -4130-bib,4130,bib,See Source,,,bib4446;bib7252;bib7255, -4931-bib,4931,bib,See Source,,,bib4451;bib6085;bib7892;bib7893, -578-bib,578,bib,See Source,,,bib4452;bib7381, -676-bib,676,bib,See Source,,,bib4487;bib4488;bib4489;bib4492;bib7196;bib8199, -3140-bib,3140,bib,See Source,,,bib4495;bib4623;bib7132, -4673-bib,4673,bib,See Source,,,bib4518;bib7945, -2751-bib,2751,bib,See Source,,,bib4524, -1408-bib,1408,bib,See Source,,,bib4524, -8127-bib,8127,bib,See Source,,,bib4526;bib4530;bib6785, -2029-bib,2029,bib,See Source,,,bib4533;bib5768;bib6141, -1460-bib,1460,bib,See Source,,,bib4542, -4950-bib,4950,bib,See Source,,,bib4544, -10620-bib,10620,bib,See Source,,,bib4545, -4900-bib,4900,bib,See Source,,,bib4547;bib5164, -4486-bib,4486,bib,See Source,,,bib4549, -1471-bib,1471,bib,See Source,,,bib4555, -4052-bib,4052,bib,See Source,,,bib4559;bib5470;bib5787;bib5788, -5148-bib,5148,bib,See Source,,,bib4567, -4428-bib,4428,bib,See Source,,,bib4568;bib4569, -3956-bib,3956,bib,See Source,,,bib4571, -3092-bib,3092,bib,See Source,,,bib4605;bib5145;bib5227;bib7599, -677-bib,677,bib,See Source,,,bib4608;bib4609, -10648-bib,10648,bib,See Source,,,bib4611, -2887-bib,2887,bib,See Source,,,bib4617;bib7988, -1150-bib,1150,bib,See Source,,,bib4624;bib4640;bib4646;bib4648;bib6090;bib6559;bib6560;bib6561, -1435-bib,1435,bib,See Source,,,bib4643;bib4644, -3157-bib,3157,bib,See Source,,,bib4643;bib4644, -1514-bib,1514,bib,See Source,,,bib4643;bib4644;bib4647;bib5694, -1512-bib,1512,bib,See Source,,,bib4643;bib4644, -1436-bib,1436,bib,See Source,,,bib4644;bib4650;bib5547;bib5694, -4432-bib,4432,bib,See Source,,,bib4653, -5009-bib,5009,bib,See Source,,,bib4655;bib5355, -10935-bib,10935,bib,See Source,,,bib4657;bib7645, -4059-bib,4059,bib,See Source,,,bib4665;bib7523;bib8246, -2025-bib,2025,bib,See Source,,,bib4678, -4927-bib,4927,bib,See Source,,,bib4684;bib5854;bib6767;bib6768;bib7982, -3106-bib,3106,bib,See Source,,,bib4729;bib7060;bib7061, -665-bib,665,bib,See Source,,,bib4729, -3033-bib,3033,bib,See Source,,,bib4729;bib8277;bib8278;bib8281;bib8282, -5421-bib,5421,bib,See Source,,,bib4734, -2898-bib,2898,bib,See Source,,,bib4736;bib5677;bib5693, -2008-bib,2008,bib,See Source,,,bib4746;bib6186, -3466-bib,3466,bib,See Source,,,bib4753;bib5022;bib5023;bib5611;bib5866;bib6065;bib7586, -1244-bib,1244,bib,See Source,,,bib4756;bib6317;bib6814, -1081-bib,1081,bib,See Source,,,bib4765;bib6633;bib7085, -3414-bib,3414,bib,See Source,,,bib4781;bib4783, -7590-bib,7590,bib,See Source,,,bib4784, -1791-bib,1791,bib,See Source,,,bib4792;bib5105;bib5106;bib7785;bib7786;bib8294, -1639-bib,1639,bib,See Source,,,bib4792;bib5676, -4710-bib,4710,bib,See Source,,,bib4797, -573-bib,573,bib,See Source,,,bib4805, -3538-bib,3538,bib,See Source,,,bib4810;bib4811;bib4812, -2959-bib,2959,bib,See Source,,,bib4835, -1248-bib,1248,bib,See Source,,,bib4837, -2367-bib,2367,bib,See Source,,,bib4839, -1234-bib,1234,bib,See Source,,,bib4840, -921-bib,921,bib,See Source,,,bib4841;bib5127;bib8286, -5070-bib,5070,bib,See Source,,,bib4848, -1329-bib,1329,bib,See Source,,,bib4865;bib5529;bib5530;bib7169, -1745-bib,1745,bib,See Source,,,bib4870, -9469-bib,9469,bib,See Source,,,bib4889;bib7014, -3818-bib,3818,bib,See Source,,,bib4891;bib7859, -3931-bib,3931,bib,See Source,,,bib4892, -8126-bib,8126,bib,See Source,,,bib4893, -2551-bib,2551,bib,See Source,,,bib4896;bib7070;bib7072;bib7073;bib7684;bib7686, -3070-bib,3070,bib,See Source,,,bib4909;bib6264, -2606-bib,2606,bib,See Source,,,bib4912;bib4913;bib5306, -5667-bib,5667,bib,See Source,,,bib4965, -2547-bib,2547,bib,See Source,,,bib4976;bib4977;bib4980;bib4982, -1375-bib,1375,bib,See Source,,,bib4999;bib6111;bib6465, -1919-bib,1919,bib,See Source,,,bib5005;bib5006;bib5007, -4543-bib,4543,bib,See Source,,,bib5010;bib7950;bib8052, -1066-bib,1066,bib,See Source,,,bib5015;bib5292;bib5293;bib5295;bib6477;bib6478;bib7125, -2984-bib,2984,bib,See Source,,,bib5016;bib5017;bib7203;bib7595;bib7688;bib7689;bib7690, -4694-bib,4694,bib,See Source,,,bib5023;bib5849;bib7486;bib7487;bib7488;bib7586, -1486-bib,1486,bib,See Source,,,bib5031, -4773-bib,4773,bib,See Source,,,bib5042, -1305-bib,1305,bib,See Source,,,bib5044, -4911-bib,4911,bib,See Source,,,bib5047;bib5051, -401-bib,401,bib,See Source,,,bib5048;bib5049;bib5052, -3308-bib,3308,bib,See Source,,,bib5053, -2555-bib,2555,bib,See Source,,,bib5056;bib5057, -2786-bib,2786,bib,See Source,,,bib5062;bib5307, -863-bib,863,bib,See Source,,,bib5063;bib5064, -1377-bib,1377,bib,See Source,,,bib5071, -804-bib,804,bib,See Source,,,bib5074, -5368-bib,5368,bib,See Source,,,bib5079, -3537-bib,3537,bib,See Source,,,bib5094, -5111-bib,5111,bib,See Source,,,bib5097, -1714-bib,1714,bib,See Source,,,bib5122, -3406-bib,3406,bib,See Source,,,bib5124;bib5125;bib5973;bib5974;bib5975;bib5976, -3581-bib,3581,bib,See Source,,,bib5128, -1672-bib,1672,bib,See Source,,,bib5133;bib5775, -1242-bib,1242,bib,See Source,,,bib5136;bib5137;bib6166, -3111-bib,3111,bib,See Source,,,bib5143;bib5144;bib8197, -2972-bib,2972,bib,See Source,,,bib5149, -1620-bib,1620,bib,See Source,,,bib5160;bib5555;bib5556, -4397-bib,4397,bib,See Source,,,bib5171, -2982-bib,2982,bib,See Source,,,bib5196;bib5197;bib5198, -1168-bib,1168,bib,See Source,,,bib5202;bib5208;bib6406;bib7826, -2293-bib,2293,bib,See Source,,,bib5213;bib5214;bib5215, -8198-bib,8198,bib,See Source,,,bib5222;bib7132;bib8325, -3458-bib,3458,bib,See Source,,,bib5223;bib6411;bib7552, -2668-bib,2668,bib,See Source,,,bib5251;bib6333;bib6654, -2558-bib,2558,bib,See Source,,,bib5255;bib8275, -1426-bib,1426,bib,See Source,,,bib5265, -1424-bib,1424,bib,See Source,,,bib5265, -3995-bib,3995,bib,See Source,,,bib5274, -3809-bib,3809,bib,See Source,,,bib5301, -3383-bib,3383,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -1356-bib,1356,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -1505-bib,1505,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -2784-bib,2784,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -2793-bib,2793,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -2488-bib,2488,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -1365-bib,1365,bib,See Source,,,bib5307, -3388-bib,3388,bib,See Source,,,bib5310;bib6872, -4987-bib,4987,bib,See Source,,,bib5338;bib5339, -7252-bib,7252,bib,See Source,,,bib5365, -3888-bib,3888,bib,See Source,,,bib5370, -2791-bib,2791,bib,See Source,,,bib5375, -4913-bib,4913,bib,See Source,,,bib5386, -2906-bib,2906,bib,See Source,,,bib5406, -1649-bib,1649,bib,See Source,,,bib5411, -2894-bib,2894,bib,See Source,,,bib5415;bib5417;bib5745;bib5746;bib5747;bib6007;bib6331;bib6606;bib6609;bib6615;bib6937;bib8146, -2910-bib,2910,bib,See Source,,,bib5417;bib5700;bib5701;bib5702;bib5703, -1634-bib,1634,bib,See Source,,,bib5417;bib5421;bib7091;bib8228;bib8253, -2957-bib,2957,bib,See Source,,,bib5417, -2748-bib,2748,bib,See Source,,,bib5420, -3665-bib,3665,bib,See Source,,,bib5422;bib7268, -6993-bib,6993,bib,See Source,,,bib5428, -2425-bib,2425,bib,See Source,,,bib5453, -3451-bib,3451,bib,See Source,,,bib5454, -4231-bib,4231,bib,See Source,,,bib5487, -3019-bib,3019,bib,See Source,,,bib5494, -1468-bib,1468,bib,See Source,,,bib5510, -3893-bib,3893,bib,See Source,,,bib5523;bib6416, -3161-bib,3161,bib,See Source,,,bib5536;bib5537;bib7503, -678-bib,678,bib,See Source,,,bib5541, -675-bib,675,bib,See Source,,,bib5543, -5676-bib,5676,bib,See Source,,,bib5544;bib5546, -9669-bib,9669,bib,See Source,,,bib5549, -10070-bib,10070,bib,See Source,,,bib5550, -2557-bib,2557,bib,See Source,,,bib5564, -4692-bib,4692,bib,See Source,,,bib5568, -1208-bib,1208,bib,See Source,,,bib5578;bib5579;bib7132, -1210-bib,1210,bib,See Source,,,bib5578;bib7132, -4650-bib,4650,bib,See Source,,,bib5585, -1441-bib,1441,bib,See Source,,,bib5594;bib5595;bib7713;bib7714;bib7715;bib7716;bib7717, -1531-bib,1531,bib,See Source,,,bib5597;bib5598, -2575-bib,2575,bib,See Source,,,bib5605, -3133-bib,3133,bib,See Source,,,bib5616;bib7401, -3426-bib,3426,bib,See Source,,,bib5634;bib6948, -1806-bib,1806,bib,See Source,,,bib5635;bib5636;bib5637, -4163-bib,4163,bib,See Source,,,bib5653;bib7471;bib7472, -5588-bib,5588,bib,See Source,,,bib5665;bib7065, -5707-bib,5707,bib,See Source,,,bib5666;bib5668, -4834-bib,4834,bib,See Source,,,bib5667, -3495-bib,3495,bib,See Source,,,bib5681;bib5724, -1430-bib,1430,bib,See Source,,,bib5691, -1508-bib,1508,bib,See Source,,,bib5694, -2596-bib,2596,bib,See Source,,,bib5726;bib6352, -421-bib,421,bib,See Source,,,bib5730;bib5862;bib7311, -580-bib,580,bib,See Source,,,bib5733, -4232-bib,4232,bib,See Source,,,bib5734;bib5737, -6660-bib,6660,bib,See Source,,,bib5764, -8123-bib,8123,bib,See Source,,,bib5766;bib7223, -2178-bib,2178,bib,See Source,,,bib5771, -3272-bib,3272,bib,See Source,,,bib5772;bib7508, -4118-bib,4118,bib,See Source,,,bib5795;bib5796, -1308-bib,1308,bib,See Source,,,bib5812, -7949-bib,7949,bib,See Source,,,bib5821;bib6511;bib6514;bib7084, -629-bib,629,bib,See Source,,,bib5833;bib5839;bib6302;bib6850;bib7866, -4482-bib,4482,bib,See Source,,,bib5841, -4445-bib,4445,bib,See Source,,,bib5842;bib5968, -3175-bib,3175,bib,See Source,,,bib5844, -3182-bib,3182,bib,See Source,,,bib5844, -3179-bib,3179,bib,See Source,,,bib5844, -4964-bib,4964,bib,See Source,,,bib5844;bib5845, -3176-bib,3176,bib,See Source,,,bib5844, -3174-bib,3174,bib,See Source,,,bib5844, -1961-bib,1961,bib,See Source,,,bib5865;bib6611;bib6651;bib6653, -2598-bib,2598,bib,See Source,,,bib5872;bib6374, -1685-bib,1685,bib,See Source,,,bib5904, -1217-bib,1217,bib,See Source,,,bib5912;bib7480, -3069-bib,3069,bib,See Source,,,bib5937, -1965-bib,1965,bib,See Source,,,bib5947, -6273-bib,6273,bib,See Source,,,bib5961;bib7074;bib7075;bib7076;bib7077, -2310-bib,2310,bib,See Source,,,bib5970, -1223-bib,1223,bib,See Source,,,bib5971;bib5994;bib5995, -4862-bib,4862,bib,See Source,,,bib5979;bib5980;bib6713;bib7402, -1741-bib,1741,bib,See Source,,,bib5988, -5631-bib,5631,bib,See Source,,,bib6002, -1378-bib,1378,bib,See Source,,,bib6004, -4029-bib,4029,bib,See Source,,,bib6019, -4058-bib,4058,bib,See Source,,,bib6026;bib6140;bib7494, -3965-bib,3965,bib,See Source,,,bib6044;bib7263, -560-bib,560,bib,See Source,,,bib6044;bib6519;bib7263, -6657-bib,6657,bib,See Source,,,bib6044, -3808-bib,3808,bib,See Source,,,bib6045, -3002-bib,3002,bib,See Source,,,bib6060, -8121-bib,8121,bib,See Source,,,bib6079, -2741-bib,2741,bib,See Source,,,bib6087, -3196-bib,3196,bib,See Source,,,bib6092, -1125-bib,1125,bib,See Source,,,bib6099;bib6748, -1613-bib,1613,bib,See Source,,,bib6129;bib6755;bib8041, -5305-bib,5305,bib,See Source,,,bib6136;bib6137;bib6821, -3566-bib,3566,bib,See Source,,,bib6142;bib7817;bib7989, -942-bib,942,bib,See Source,,,bib6142;bib7989, -2365-bib,2365,bib,See Source,,,bib6143;bib6144, -4203-bib,4203,bib,See Source,,,bib6145, -7362-bib,7362,bib,See Source,,,bib6149, -4953-bib,4953,bib,See Source,,,bib6152, -5513-bib,5513,bib,See Source,,,bib6164, -4653-bib,4653,bib,See Source,,,bib6178;bib6179, -3124-bib,3124,bib,See Source,,,bib6184, -5159-bib,5159,bib,See Source,,,bib6187, -10810-bib,10810,bib,See Source,,,bib6194;bib7274, -1596-bib,1596,bib,See Source,,,bib6207, -2834-bib,2834,bib,See Source,,,bib6208, -2717-bib,2717,bib,See Source,,,bib6217, -9869-bib,9869,bib,See Source,,,bib6232, -660-bib,660,bib,See Source,,,bib6259;bib6260;bib6261;bib7099;bib7866, -2290-bib,2290,bib,See Source,,,bib6268;bib7489, -1889-bib,1889,bib,See Source,,,bib6271, -3446-bib,3446,bib,See Source,,,bib6279, -1918-bib,1918,bib,See Source,,,bib6290, -2111-bib,2111,bib,See Source,,,bib6293;bib7150;bib7386, -3180-bib,3180,bib,See Source,,,bib6301, -5249-bib,5249,bib,See Source,,,bib6312;bib7955;bib7956, -3039-bib,3039,bib,See Source,,,bib6320, -1003-bib,1003,bib,See Source,,,bib6369;bib6370, -9529-bib,9529,bib,See Source,,,bib6377, -2782-bib,2782,bib,See Source,,,bib6382;bib7022, -7769-bib,7769,bib,See Source,,,bib6394, -5014-bib,5014,bib,See Source,,,bib6394, -2802-bib,2802,bib,See Source,,,bib6417, -3786-bib,3786,bib,See Source,,,bib6418, -3216-bib,3216,bib,See Source,,,bib6424, -3212-bib,3212,bib,See Source,,,bib6446, -1187-bib,1187,bib,See Source,,,bib6475, -5128-bib,5128,bib,See Source,,,bib6493, -1126-bib,1126,bib,See Source,,,bib6494;bib7319, -4191-bib,4191,bib,See Source,,,bib6497, -5623-bib,5623,bib,See Source,,,bib6504, -5678-bib,5678,bib,See Source,,,bib6536, -4780-bib,4780,bib,See Source,,,bib6543;bib6544, -7355-bib,7355,bib,See Source,,,bib6554, -1635-bib,1635,bib,See Source,,,bib6585;bib6586;bib6587;bib6588;bib7204, -3593-bib,3593,bib,See Source,,,bib6589, -1220-bib,1220,bib,See Source,,,bib6600, -7489-bib,7489,bib,See Source,,,bib6602, -509-bib,509,bib,See Source,,,bib6610;bib8116;bib8180;bib8181;bib8182, -4709-bib,4709,bib,See Source,,,bib6619, -4278-bib,4278,bib,See Source,,,bib6630, -2063-bib,2063,bib,See Source,,,bib6645, -301-bib,301,bib,See Source,,,bib6673, -6649-bib,6649,bib,See Source,,,bib6674, -862-bib,862,bib,See Source,,,bib6698;bib7209, -4302-bib,4302,bib,See Source,,,bib6708, -1616-bib,1616,bib,See Source,,,bib6744;bib7412, -5685-bib,5685,bib,See Source,,,bib6745, -5664-bib,5664,bib,See Source,,,bib6747;bib6750;bib6754, -1612-bib,1612,bib,See Source,,,bib6751;bib7807, -3832-bib,3832,bib,See Source,,,bib6757, -5257-bib,5257,bib,See Source,,,bib6761, -3397-bib,3397,bib,See Source,,,bib6763, -2970-bib,2970,bib,See Source,,,bib6771;bib6772;bib7869, -10452-bib,10452,bib,See Source,,,bib6795, -10462-bib,10462,bib,See Source,,,bib6795, -10453-bib,10453,bib,See Source,,,bib6795, -10485-bib,10485,bib,See Source,,,bib6795, -5336-bib,5336,bib,See Source,,,bib6811;bib7963, -4908-bib,4908,bib,See Source,,,bib6820, -2583-bib,2583,bib,See Source,,,bib6846;bib6848, -4867-bib,4867,bib,See Source,,,bib6854, -5692-bib,5692,bib,See Source,,,bib6858;bib6859, -9871-bib,9871,bib,See Source,,,bib6876, -2429-bib,2429,bib,See Source,,,bib6885;bib6886;bib7629, -3328-bib,3328,bib,See Source,,,bib6935;bib6936, -5611-bib,5611,bib,See Source,,,bib6950;bib7109;bib7132;bib8312, -1259-bib,1259,bib,See Source,,,bib6952, -1860-bib,1860,bib,See Source,,,bib6987, -1214-bib,1214,bib,See Source,,,bib6989;bib7130, -5326-bib,5326,bib,See Source,,,bib6998, -1747-bib,1747,bib,See Source,,,bib7013, -1955-bib,1955,bib,See Source,,,bib7019;bib7691;bib7692;bib7693, -3496-bib,3496,bib,See Source,,,bib7024, -2562-bib,2562,bib,See Source,,,bib7042, -9489-bib,9489,bib,See Source,,,bib7045;bib7046;bib7047, -4021-bib,4021,bib,See Source,,,bib7048, -2754-bib,2754,bib,See Source,,,bib7078, -5155-bib,5155,bib,See Source,,,bib7079, -3807-bib,3807,bib,See Source,,,bib7085, -6107-bib,6107,bib,See Source,,,bib7085, -5706-bib,5706,bib,See Source,,,bib7089, -1575-bib,1575,bib,See Source,,,bib7095, -5168-bib,5168,bib,See Source,,,bib7103, -21-bib,21,bib,See Source,,,bib7109;bib7132, -1856-bib,1856,bib,See Source,,,bib7116, -1133-bib,1133,bib,See Source,,,bib7129, -5172-bib,5172,bib,See Source,,,bib7132;bib8061, -5626-bib,5626,bib,See Source,,,bib7132;bib8241, -8199-bib,8199,bib,See Source,,,bib7132, -8989-bib,8989,bib,See Source,,,bib7138, -10425-bib,10425,bib,See Source,,,bib7165;bib7569;bib8002;bib8188;bib8195, -3012-bib,3012,bib,See Source,,,bib7209, -8122-bib,8122,bib,See Source,,,bib7217, -5634-bib,5634,bib,See Source,,,bib7233, -1445-bib,1445,bib,See Source,,,bib7241;bib7242, -6350-bib,6350,bib,See Source,,,bib7264, -5646-bib,5646,bib,See Source,,,bib7273, -4246-bib,4246,bib,See Source,,,bib7279, -3785-bib,3785,bib,See Source,,,bib7292;bib7295, -3972-bib,3972,bib,See Source,,,bib7307, -849-bib,849,bib,See Source,,,bib7309, -2279-bib,2279,bib,See Source,,,bib7338;bib7674, -4408-bib,4408,bib,See Source,,,bib7339;bib7340, -2490-bib,2490,bib,See Source,,,bib7350;bib7351;bib7748;bib7749, -5653-bib,5653,bib,See Source,,,bib7353;bib7354, -2592-bib,2592,bib,See Source,,,bib7359, -539-bib,539,bib,See Source,,,bib7380, -2453-bib,2453,bib,See Source,,,bib7423, -3329-bib,3329,bib,See Source,,,bib7424, -1911-bib,1911,bib,See Source,,,bib7424;bib8023, -1909-bib,1909,bib,See Source,,,bib7424, -1910-bib,1910,bib,See Source,,,bib7424, -1908-bib,1908,bib,See Source,,,bib7424, -1913-bib,1913,bib,See Source,,,bib7424, -3177-bib,3177,bib,See Source,,,bib7432, -3255-bib,3255,bib,See Source,,,bib7440, -3325-bib,3325,bib,See Source,,,bib7441;bib7442, -4069-bib,4069,bib,See Source,,,bib7443;bib7444;bib7445, -10109-bib,10109,bib,See Source,,,bib7446;bib7547, -3512-bib,3512,bib,See Source,,,bib7461, -2213-bib,2213,bib,See Source,,,bib7481, -5636-bib,5636,bib,See Source,,,bib7524;bib8239;bib8242, -8429-bib,8429,bib,See Source,,,bib7531, -3162-bib,3162,bib,See Source,,,bib7567;bib7767, -5642-bib,5642,bib,See Source,,,bib7573;bib7574;bib7730, -2953-bib,2953,bib,See Source,,,bib7581, -2113-bib,2113,bib,See Source,,,bib7582, -1602-bib,1602,bib,See Source,,,bib7583, -3836-bib,3836,bib,See Source,,,bib7585, -1570-bib,1570,bib,See Source,,,bib7585, -3879-bib,3879,bib,See Source,,,bib7594, -4194-bib,4194,bib,See Source,,,bib7598, -1517-bib,1517,bib,See Source,,,bib7612, -6513-bib,6513,bib,See Source,,,bib7613;bib7614, -7357-bib,7357,bib,See Source,,,bib7621, -4390-bib,4390,bib,See Source,,,bib7637;bib7638, -2795-bib,2795,bib,See Source,,,bib7642;bib7697, -10725-bib,10725,bib,See Source,,,bib7644;bib7738, -3494-bib,3494,bib,See Source,,,bib7698, -5708-bib,5708,bib,See Source,,,bib7699, -2157-bib,2157,bib,See Source,,,bib7704, -5548-bib,5548,bib,See Source,,,bib7718, -2776-bib,2776,bib,See Source,,,bib7726, -4241-bib,4241,bib,See Source,,,bib7726, -4378-bib,4378,bib,See Source,,,bib7729;bib7731;bib7732;bib7736;bib7820, -4273-bib,4273,bib,See Source,,,bib7746;bib7986, -4877-bib,4877,bib,See Source,,,bib7774, -5080-bib,5080,bib,See Source,,,bib7777, -5467-bib,5467,bib,See Source,,,bib7779, -4104-bib,4104,bib,See Source,,,bib7841, -5145-bib,5145,bib,See Source,,,bib7866, -5687-bib,5687,bib,See Source,,,bib7897, -5725-bib,5725,bib,See Source,,,bib7900, -2710-bib,2710,bib,See Source,,,bib7907, -7181-bib,7181,bib,See Source,,,bib7908, -7182-bib,7182,bib,See Source,,,bib7909, -6997-bib,6997,bib,See Source,,,bib7910, -7187-bib,7187,bib,See Source,,,bib7913, -6994-bib,6994,bib,See Source,,,bib7917, -1733-bib,1733,bib,See Source,,,bib7929, -5194-bib,5194,bib,See Source,,,bib7930;bib8060, -5125-bib,5125,bib,See Source,,,bib7949, -4274-bib,4274,bib,See Source,,,bib7951, -1591-bib,1591,bib,See Source,,,bib7952, -4484-bib,4484,bib,See Source,,,bib7954, -3405-bib,3405,bib,See Source,,,bib7963, -3047-bib,3047,bib,See Source,,,bib7989, -2300-bib,2300,bib,See Source,,,bib8006, -3452-bib,3452,bib,See Source,,,bib8008, -3911-bib,3911,bib,See Source,,,bib8021, -4744-bib,4744,bib,See Source,,,bib8065, -3975-bib,3975,bib,See Source,,,bib8097, -2756-bib,2756,bib,See Source,,,bib8104, -8112-bib,8112,bib,See Source,,,bib8128, -4113-bib,4113,bib,See Source,,,bib8236;bib8240, -5675-bib,5675,bib,See Source,,,bib8238, -1610-bib,1610,bib,See Source,,,bib8241, -1626-bib,1626,bib,See Source,,,bib8242, -2316-bib,2316,bib,See Source,,,bib8269, -562-bib,562,bib,See Source,,,bib8272, -4616-bib,4616,bib,See Source,,,bib8276, -550-bib,550,bib,See Source,,,bib8287, +7930-bib,7930,bib,See Source,,,bib2422;bib2423;bib376;bib377;bib379;bib4039;bib4040;bib7275;bib7861;bib8252, +9170-bib,9170,bib,See Source,,,bib3085;bib381;bib7698, +2430-bib,2430,bib,See Source,,,bib1560;bib1791;bib2246;bib2329;bib2598;bib385;bib4360;bib4363;bib4364;bib7524;bib7538;bib7539;bib7540;bib7541;bib7593;bib7791;bib7793;bib7795, +3046-bib,3046,bib,See Source,,,bib2371;bib3753;bib387;bib4275;bib5036, +1636-bib,1636,bib,See Source,,,bib3338;bib3580;bib389;bib4577;bib5022;bib5552, +2738-bib,2738,bib,See Source,,,bib2372;bib2589;bib390;bib4127;bib4746;bib559;bib7190;bib7293;bib7530;bib7531;bib7532;bib7535;bib7536;bib7784;bib8151, +3321-bib,3321,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +2511-bib,2511,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +2427-bib,2427,bib,See Source,,,bib2765;bib396, +4680-bib,4680,bib,See Source,,,bib1926;bib2741;bib2760;bib2762;bib2763;bib396, +7371-bib,7371,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +3575-bib,3575,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +7373-bib,7373,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +5295-bib,5295,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +3530-bib,3530,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +4267-bib,4267,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +4870-bib,4870,bib,See Source,,,bib396, +4226-bib,4226,bib,See Source,,,bib2765;bib396, +1465-bib,1465,bib,See Source,,,bib3912;bib396, +3011-bib,3011,bib,See Source,,,bib397;bib6683;bib6684;bib6685;bib6688, +1748-bib,1748,bib,See Source,,,bib1319;bib2737;bib398;bib4574;bib4578;bib4579;bib5530;bib5531;bib6811;bib7258;bib7260, +1825-bib,1825,bib,See Source,,,bib3773;bib3790;bib399;bib400;bib4330, +3391-bib,3391,bib,See Source,,,bib401;bib4826;bib4989;bib5034;bib5597;bib7812;bib797, +582-bib,582,bib,See Source,,,bib403, +5606-bib,5606,bib,See Source,,,bib404, +5101-bib,5101,bib,See Source,,,bib405;bib4495;bib4497;bib7916, +6039-bib,6039,bib,See Source,,,bib2801;bib2802;bib3954;bib406, +1859-bib,1859,bib,See Source,,,bib410;bib411;bib412;bib5838;bib6317;bib8226, +7810-bib,7810,bib,See Source,,,bib1536;bib1768;bib1770;bib1771;bib2613;bib2614;bib2615;bib3242;bib3243;bib3957;bib413;bib414;bib415;bib416;bib417;bib4177;bib418;bib4279;bib4345;bib7870, +1463-bib,1463,bib,See Source,,,bib3243;bib3673;bib3956;bib413;bib414;bib415;bib416;bib417;bib4177;bib418, +10718-bib,10718,bib,See Source,,,bib419;bib526, +4618-bib,4618,bib,See Source,,,bib1716;bib1881;bib1882;bib1883;bib1884;bib1885;bib1886;bib1887;bib1888;bib2105;bib2106;bib2107;bib2115;bib2800;bib3103;bib3972;bib421;bib702;bib7803;bib896, +1212-bib,1212,bib,See Source,,,bib1348;bib1349;bib2117;bib3126;bib422;bib4530;bib5814;bib593;bib6220;bib6813;bib6814;bib6863;bib7163;bib7209;bib7210;bib765, +4254-bib,4254,bib,See Source,,,bib3170;bib3612;bib3715;bib3786;bib3914;bib3920;bib3960;bib3961;bib428;bib429, +1215-bib,1215,bib,See Source,,,bib435;bib6965, +2129-bib,2129,bib,See Source,,,bib1275;bib1338;bib2928;bib3193;bib4266;bib4294;bib436;bib539;bib6134;bib6322;bib6980;bib6981;bib718;bib7797;bib7798;bib7813;bib8112;bib8142;bib8190, +7358-bib,7358,bib,See Source,,,bib437, +2431-bib,2431,bib,See Source,,,bib439;bib4899;bib6230, +2545-bib,2545,bib,See Source,,,bib1059;bib2626;bib3037;bib440;bib4860;bib7432;bib7853, +1849-bib,1849,bib,See Source,,,bib442;bib4771;bib6105;bib730;bib731;bib8168, +5871-bib,5871,bib,See Source,,,bib445;bib446, +1207-bib,1207,bib,See Source,,,bib1680;bib1686;bib2240;bib3236;bib447;bib6395;bib7156;bib7270;bib8083, +1379-bib,1379,bib,See Source,,,bib2440;bib2441;bib2446;bib2675;bib448;bib449;bib6647;bib6648;bib836;bib844;bib989, +2924-bib,2924,bib,See Source,,,bib1354;bib1652;bib2199;bib2208;bib450;bib502;bib7222;bib7223;bib7641;bib7642;bib8172, +2718-bib,2718,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib451;bib6942;bib7668, +3932-bib,3932,bib,See Source,,,bib452, +5925-bib,5925,bib,See Source,,,bib3118;bib453;bib454;bib456;bib457;bib459;bib6337;bib747, +1485-bib,1485,bib,See Source,,,bib455;bib5330, +4528-bib,4528,bib,See Source,,,bib2255;bib458, +2574-bib,2574,bib,See Source,,,bib3020;bib3359;bib4587;bib4591;bib4593;bib4594;bib4595;bib460;bib5714;bib5953;bib5989, +1958-bib,1958,bib,See Source,,,bib1874;bib463;bib5012;bib5445;bib7028;bib7481, +4186-bib,4186,bib,See Source,,,bib466;bib578, +1936-bib,1936,bib,See Source,,,bib1073;bib1074;bib1075;bib1079;bib1083;bib3120;bib3257;bib3343;bib4631;bib467;bib5521;bib637;bib8230, +585-bib,585,bib,See Source,,,bib473, +4427-bib,4427,bib,See Source,,,bib1168;bib2404;bib3165;bib3756;bib3757;bib3829;bib3914;bib3931;bib479;bib480;bib481;bib482;bib483;bib490;bib5971;bib617;bib8301, +2311-bib,2311,bib,See Source,,,bib3643;bib484, +556-bib,556,bib,See Source,,,bib1481;bib2326;bib2519;bib2535;bib3264;bib3283;bib3284;bib3285;bib3286;bib3287;bib3941;bib3983;bib486, +3953-bib,3953,bib,See Source,,,bib1203;bib2535;bib4188;bib486;bib6535;bib6541;bib6545, +1518-bib,1518,bib,See Source,,,bib3549;bib491, +3137-bib,3137,bib,See Source,,,bib1561;bib1562;bib1563;bib1995;bib2499;bib4818;bib492;bib5020;bib5439, +5309-bib,5309,bib,See Source,,,bib3576;bib3798;bib493;bib494;bib6034;bib6035;bib7164, +4524-bib,4524,bib,See Source,,,bib1329;bib1621;bib2294;bib2295;bib2296;bib2297;bib2298;bib2299;bib2300;bib2301;bib2534;bib2796;bib3447;bib3717;bib3981;bib3982;bib4395;bib4396;bib4397;bib495;bib540;bib541;bib542;bib543;bib544;bib545, +4613-bib,4613,bib,See Source,,,bib1329;bib1621;bib2294;bib2295;bib2296;bib2297;bib2298;bib2299;bib2300;bib2301;bib2534;bib2796;bib3447;bib3717;bib3981;bib3982;bib4395;bib4396;bib4397;bib4625;bib4807;bib495;bib540;bib541;bib542;bib543;bib544;bib5647;bib6537;bib7392;bib7403;bib7476;bib7517;bib8008, +651-bib,651,bib,See Source,,,bib4897;bib496;bib8050, +2954-bib,2954,bib,See Source,,,bib1091;bib2113;bib4056;bib4058;bib4382;bib4412;bib4413;bib497;bib5367;bib5368;bib631;bib6319;bib8068, +641-bib,641,bib,See Source,,,bib4770;bib498;bib5134;bib5706;bib7878;bib8120;bib8178, +2962-bib,2962,bib,See Source,,,bib3060;bib4556;bib500;bib6242, +3271-bib,3271,bib,See Source,,,bib4751;bib501;bib5091;bib5092;bib5258;bib6637;bib8175;bib8176;bib8177, +669-bib,669,bib,See Source,,,bib3297;bib505;bib5584;bib7570;bib803;bib804, +3568-bib,3568,bib,See Source,,,bib512;bib6920, +4699-bib,4699,bib,See Source,,,bib2349;bib514;bib5463, +8869-bib,8869,bib,See Source,,,bib2349;bib514, +4444-bib,4444,bib,See Source,,,bib2349;bib514;bib6159, +2914-bib,2914,bib,See Source,,,bib1446;bib1447;bib1913;bib4673;bib516;bib6330;bib8145, +2911-bib,2911,bib,See Source,,,bib2627;bib516;bib6452, +2909-bib,2909,bib,See Source,,,bib4584;bib516;bib5440;bib5585;bib6125, +1853-bib,1853,bib,See Source,,,bib3095;bib3383;bib4001;bib4002;bib4003;bib4004;bib516, +3793-bib,3793,bib,See Source,,,bib525;bib5845, +2465-bib,2465,bib,See Source,,,bib4133;bib4843;bib5148;bib534;bib5366;bib872, +4708-bib,4708,bib,See Source,,,bib4747;bib536;bib6577;bib7566, +544-bib,544,bib,See Source,,,bib537, +538-bib,538,bib,See Source,,,bib2550;bib537;bib581, +2993-bib,2993,bib,See Source,,,bib4477;bib547;bib548, +1914-bib,1914,bib,See Source,,,bib5153;bib5154;bib5156;bib551, +2719-bib,2719,bib,See Source,,,bib1087;bib2258;bib2290;bib2887;bib3570;bib552;bib554, +577-bib,577,bib,See Source,,,bib1292;bib2018;bib2019;bib2021;bib2172;bib2267;bib2412;bib3754;bib4060;bib4061;bib555;bib839, +4589-bib,4589,bib,See Source,,,bib2267;bib2268;bib2877;bib3063;bib4013;bib555;bib839, +2005-bib,2005,bib,See Source,,,bib1480;bib1667;bib558;bib5710;bib6299;bib6346;bib7900, +2123-bib,2123,bib,See Source,,,bib1804;bib2221;bib2713;bib2714;bib2768;bib2911;bib563;bib7908, +5092-bib,5092,bib,See Source,,,bib2821;bib565;bib6099;bib7303, +5628-bib,5628,bib,See Source,,,bib567;bib5826;bib6520;bib6745;bib7371;bib7372, +6949-bib,6949,bib,See Source,,,bib1260;bib2942;bib571;bib7090;bib7412, +5619-bib,5619,bib,See Source,,,bib2008;bib3353;bib583;bib6130;bib6131;bib6132;bib7025, +1186-bib,1186,bib,See Source,,,bib1730;bib3076;bib3077;bib3126;bib3681;bib3765;bib3850;bib3851;bib4310;bib4674;bib5209;bib5497;bib5498;bib5499;bib593;bib7138;bib7213;bib8341;bib8342, +1311-bib,1311,bib,See Source,,,bib594;bib7156;bib7966, +5031-bib,5031,bib,See Source,,,bib596, +2896-bib,2896,bib,See Source,,,bib3123;bib3124;bib3125;bib4359;bib5030;bib5723;bib5776;bib5777;bib5778;bib597;bib6828;bib807, +3279-bib,3279,bib,See Source,,,bib4809;bib4810;bib598;bib6297, +5726-bib,5726,bib,See Source,,,bib3678;bib5421;bib5986;bib601;bib602;bib603, +4403-bib,4403,bib,See Source,,,bib2926;bib2927;bib5014;bib604;bib606;bib6294;bib7852, +5934-bib,5934,bib,See Source,,,bib605;bib7302, +4984-bib,4984,bib,See Source,,,bib610, +6650-bib,6650,bib,See Source,,,bib611, +527-bib,527,bib,See Source,,,bib1786;bib3104;bib3166;bib3914;bib3933;bib617, +1206-bib,1206,bib,See Source,,,bib1497;bib3688;bib5138;bib5716;bib5925;bib620;bib621;bib6750;bib7137;bib7213;bib8081, +4789-bib,4789,bib,See Source,,,bib1246;bib3450;bib3914;bib3917;bib4028;bib4125;bib4126;bib626;bib627, +802-bib,802,bib,See Source,,,bib629, +801-bib,801,bib,See Source,,,bib1195;bib5320;bib629, +554-bib,554,bib,See Source,,,bib1195;bib4481;bib5320;bib629, +553-bib,553,bib,See Source,,,bib1195;bib1691;bib5320;bib629, +1467-bib,1467,bib,See Source,,,bib1676;bib2646;bib4139;bib630;bib6831;bib6832, +7329-bib,7329,bib,See Source,,,bib6193;bib638;bib6779;bib7008, +1683-bib,1683,bib,See Source,,,bib3816;bib3818;bib4356;bib4358;bib6265;bib643;bib7576;bib8195;bib8305, +7170-bib,7170,bib,See Source,,,bib646, +3528-bib,3528,bib,See Source,,,bib647;bib6542, +4373-bib,4373,bib,See Source,,,bib6587;bib664;bib6766;bib7197, +3395-bib,3395,bib,See Source,,,bib1846;bib3194;bib5460;bib667, +3145-bib,3145,bib,See Source,,,bib1045;bib1981;bib1984;bib2088;bib2089;bib2607;bib2705;bib2846;bib3010;bib3173;bib3317;bib3914;bib3925;bib4237;bib4238;bib4367;bib4368;bib4369;bib4370;bib4371;bib668;bib7945;bib810;bib812, +2571-bib,2571,bib,See Source,,,bib5080;bib669, +4079-bib,4079,bib,See Source,,,bib1983;bib1985;bib2090;bib2147;bib3050;bib3169;bib3914;bib3918;bib670;bib781, +1668-bib,1668,bib,See Source,,,bib1112;bib4926;bib5225;bib5230;bib6030;bib671, +1755-bib,1755,bib,See Source,,,bib5782;bib5783;bib672, +4365-bib,4365,bib,See Source,,,bib2400;bib2401;bib677, +2698-bib,2698,bib,See Source,,,bib6634;bib678, +1129-bib,1129,bib,See Source,,,bib1089;bib1090;bib679;bib7143;bib7145;bib813, +1002-bib,1002,bib,See Source,,,bib1902;bib1904;bib3207;bib3804;bib4701;bib4702;bib683;bib6998;bib7692;bib7693;bib7694, +5618-bib,5618,bib,See Source,,,bib2005;bib5921;bib5922;bib5965;bib688;bib934, +4736-bib,4736,bib,See Source,,,bib1787;bib3223;bib4121;bib4123;bib6185;bib689, +5680-bib,5680,bib,See Source,,,bib5935;bib6879;bib6881;bib692, +5658-bib,5658,bib,See Source,,,bib5252;bib693, +5638-bib,5638,bib,See Source,,,bib3316;bib695;bib696;bib7093, +4024-bib,4024,bib,See Source,,,bib2374;bib2857;bib3007;bib3971;bib6937;bib6938;bib699, +1642-bib,1642,bib,See Source,,,bib4535;bib4536;bib4537;bib5966;bib6355;bib703;bib8110, +3966-bib,3966,bib,See Source,,,bib5003;bib5004;bib5449;bib6359;bib6676;bib704;bib7225;bib7780;bib7781;bib7782, +10816-bib,10816,bib,See Source,,,bib6155;bib6156;bib6157;bib6158;bib705;bib7855, +2291-bib,2291,bib,See Source,,,bib2876;bib6427;bib7034;bib706;bib707;bib708;bib709;bib7514, +4248-bib,4248,bib,See Source,,,bib1641;bib5191;bib5913;bib6136;bib6282;bib6892;bib710;bib799;bib8073, +2124-bib,2124,bib,See Source,,,bib4900;bib715;bib716, +4831-bib,4831,bib,See Source,,,bib1495;bib1773;bib1961;bib2823;bib4394;bib4789;bib719;bib739, +1373-bib,1373,bib,See Source,,,bib720;bib962, +5337-bib,5337,bib,See Source,,,bib722, +5422-bib,5422,bib,See Source,,,bib1108;bib5198;bib722, +2188-bib,2188,bib,See Source,,,bib3358;bib6323;bib724, +5310-bib,5310,bib,See Source,,,bib1367;bib726, +1922-bib,1922,bib,See Source,,,bib1629;bib727;bib8055;bib8056, +1064-bib,1064,bib,See Source,,,bib2875;bib2876;bib4553;bib5949;bib733;bib7582;bib7583, +8009-bib,8009,bib,See Source,,,bib1517;bib1973;bib2134;bib4279;bib734;bib763, +3431-bib,3431,bib,See Source,,,bib5543;bib6498;bib736;bib8014;bib883, +5005-bib,5005,bib,See Source,,,bib738, +6150-bib,6150,bib,See Source,,,bib740, +4918-bib,4918,bib,See Source,,,bib742, +3948-bib,3948,bib,See Source,,,bib1982;bib3444;bib3446;bib3464;bib3465;bib6059;bib7477;bib750;bib772;bib989, +4064-bib,4064,bib,See Source,,,bib1982;bib2171;bib4854;bib5605;bib5607;bib7055;bib7396;bib7477;bib750;bib989, +4787-bib,4787,bib,See Source,,,bib1982;bib750, +3044-bib,3044,bib,See Source,,,bib2368;bib752, +7717-bib,7717,bib,See Source,,,bib757;bib758, +241-bib,241,bib,See Source,,,bib2567;bib5548;bib759, +290-bib,290,bib,See Source,,,bib2828;bib3308;bib3425;bib4748;bib5507;bib5876;bib6040;bib7120;bib760;bib762, +295-bib,295,bib,See Source,,,bib4534;bib6987;bib761;bib7685, +3605-bib,3605,bib,See Source,,,bib6409;bib764;bib7924;bib913;bib915, +285-bib,285,bib,See Source,,,bib2178;bib773, +3571-bib,3571,bib,See Source,,,bib1739;bib1740;bib1745;bib2529;bib3329;bib3602;bib4204;bib4404;bib5033;bib5533;bib6005;bib6262;bib6945;bib774;bib775;bib776;bib7850;bib932, +4707-bib,4707,bib,See Source,,,bib5425;bib5426;bib5502;bib6039;bib6868;bib7194;bib780, +4357-bib,4357,bib,See Source,,,bib2090;bib3173;bib3664;bib3665;bib3666;bib3670;bib3914;bib3924;bib7589;bib784;bib785;bib786;bib787, +5063-bib,5063,bib,See Source,,,bib3010;bib3914;bib3921;bib784;bib785;bib786;bib787;bib788;bib789, +4329-bib,4329,bib,See Source,,,bib2681;bib2924;bib4070;bib5304;bib5305;bib5874;bib6327;bib7240;bib7493;bib794;bib904, +2742-bib,2742,bib,See Source,,,bib2810;bib2832;bib3160;bib3161;bib5466;bib7157;bib7382;bib795, +7811-bib,7811,bib,See Source,,,bib2213;bib2595;bib2596;bib796, +10461-bib,10461,bib,See Source,,,bib4989;bib5597;bib7812;bib797, +945-bib,945,bib,See Source,,,bib4989;bib5597;bib7812;bib797, +8630-bib,8630,bib,See Source,,,bib4989;bib5597;bib7812;bib797, +8631-bib,8631,bib,See Source,,,bib1496;bib4989;bib5597;bib7812;bib797;bib8045, +8629-bib,8629,bib,See Source,,,bib4989;bib5597;bib7812;bib797, +2753-bib,2753,bib,See Source,,,bib3298;bib4751;bib4754;bib4755;bib4759;bib804, +1950-bib,1950,bib,See Source,,,bib2548;bib4131;bib4751;bib4830;bib804, +2988-bib,2988,bib,See Source,,,bib2837;bib2838;bib4759;bib6356;bib7614;bib804, +3016-bib,3016,bib,See Source,,,bib1553;bib4751;bib4754;bib4755;bib4759;bib4816;bib804;bib8186, +2127-bib,2127,bib,See Source,,,bib1553;bib1555;bib2103;bib804, +8570-bib,8570,bib,See Source,,,bib7461;bib809;bib8341;bib8342, +1101-bib,1101,bib,See Source,,,bib3010;bib3173;bib3914;bib3926;bib4228;bib810;bib811;bib812, +3020-bib,3020,bib,See Source,,,bib2913;bib4450;bib814, +1673-bib,1673,bib,See Source,,,bib815, +4190-bib,4190,bib,See Source,,,bib1240;bib2807;bib2808;bib2809;bib5422;bib817, +1472-bib,1472,bib,See Source,,,bib2932;bib3357;bib4419;bib4420;bib819, +4508-bib,4508,bib,See Source,,,bib5107;bib7049;bib820, +1439-bib,1439,bib,See Source,,,bib2177;bib2179;bib3471;bib5102;bib822;bib823, +4355-bib,4355,bib,See Source,,,bib3471;bib822, +4857-bib,4857,bib,See Source,,,bib826, +9149-bib,9149,bib,See Source,,,bib1484;bib1485;bib1489;bib2260;bib2695;bib3091;bib3702;bib3703;bib3704;bib3705;bib4240;bib5183;bib5589;bib7682;bib7946;bib8276;bib830;bib890, +2605-bib,2605,bib,See Source,,,bib2794;bib6141;bib6142;bib6144;bib6146;bib7114;bib7158;bib831;bib832, +2675-bib,2675,bib,See Source,,,bib8004;bib833, +575-bib,575,bib,See Source,,,bib2266;bib839, +4610-bib,4610,bib,See Source,,,bib3115;bib7300;bib844, +4607-bib,4607,bib,See Source,,,bib7771;bib8011;bib844, +4741-bib,4741,bib,See Source,,,bib2669;bib844, +2677-bib,2677,bib,See Source,,,bib2171;bib3526;bib3527;bib3528;bib7499;bib844, +3790-bib,3790,bib,See Source,,,bib3463;bib4088;bib4089;bib4090;bib4091;bib4092;bib4093;bib4146;bib4785;bib4786;bib5741;bib5742;bib7399;bib845, +4478-bib,4478,bib,See Source,,,bib1034;bib1144;bib1327;bib5118;bib6600;bib846;bib847;bib848, +5808-bib,5808,bib,See Source,,,bib3409;bib849, +1684-bib,1684,bib,See Source,,,bib1820;bib2597;bib2689;bib3628;bib4696;bib5267;bib5911;bib6266;bib6592;bib6593;bib6594;bib6925;bib7696;bib853, +3428-bib,3428,bib,See Source,,,bib4800;bib4804;bib6958;bib856, +2154-bib,2154,bib,See Source,,,bib2109;bib4176;bib5001;bib857, +4617-bib,4617,bib,See Source,,,bib1273;bib1274;bib859, +4746-bib,4746,bib,See Source,,,bib1041;bib1414;bib2072;bib2074;bib3082;bib3498;bib859, +852-bib,852,bib,See Source,,,bib4007;bib5702;bib7534;bib860;bib861, +1809-bib,1809,bib,See Source,,,bib4470;bib862, +5100-bib,5100,bib,See Source,,,bib1507;bib863, +845-bib,845,bib,See Source,,,bib3815;bib3817;bib3819;bib5241;bib5242;bib6212;bib7929;bib7930;bib865, +4142-bib,4142,bib,See Source,,,bib1729;bib1790;bib4893;bib4894;bib4895;bib4896;bib5598;bib5599;bib5600;bib7655;bib867, +5812-bib,5812,bib,See Source,,,bib868, +2052-bib,2052,bib,See Source,,,bib1070;bib1078;bib1345;bib1547;bib2080;bib2573;bib3774;bib4630;bib6300;bib6390;bib6392;bib6446;bib7251;bib7557;bib8193;bib8286;bib871, +7359-bib,7359,bib,See Source,,,bib878;bib879, +671-bib,671,bib,See Source,,,bib1712;bib2193;bib2708;bib2895;bib3002;bib3629;bib3782;bib3814;bib3901;bib4349;bib4356;bib5142;bib5931;bib6419;bib880;bib881;bib882;bib884, +1350-bib,1350,bib,See Source,,,bib887, +10029-bib,10029,bib,See Source,,,bib8215;bib8217;bib8219;bib8282;bib888, +7113-bib,7113,bib,See Source,,,bib2319;bib893, +5077-bib,5077,bib,See Source,,,bib894;bib895, +4619-bib,4619,bib,See Source,,,bib1009;bib1548;bib1716;bib4527;bib896, +3745-bib,3745,bib,See Source,,,bib1548;bib1716;bib4527;bib896, +4622-bib,4622,bib,See Source,,,bib1009;bib1548;bib1716;bib4527;bib896, +685-bib,685,bib,See Source,,,bib4117;bib4795;bib7146;bib898, +9049-bib,9049,bib,See Source,,,bib1243;bib2578;bib5382;bib900, +3487-bib,3487,bib,See Source,,,bib6148;bib901, +4825-bib,4825,bib,See Source,,,bib3102;bib4100;bib905;bib906;bib908;bib909, +4188-bib,4188,bib,See Source,,,bib910, +4198-bib,4198,bib,See Source,,,bib911;bib917, +5103-bib,5103,bib,See Source,,,bib2483;bib6476;bib912, +1854-bib,1854,bib,See Source,,,bib2511;bib3899;bib7306;bib7522;bib7924;bib8221;bib913, +4677-bib,4677,bib,See Source,,,bib1743;bib1744;bib914, +4879-bib,4879,bib,See Source,,,bib4307;bib4417;bib4418;bib4426;bib5397;bib5458;bib5459;bib6762;bib8092;bib916, +1580-bib,1580,bib,See Source,,,bib921;bib924, +3896-bib,3896,bib,See Source,,,bib7729;bib933, +4294-bib,4294,bib,See Source,,,bib6540;bib933, +2794-bib,2794,bib,See Source,,,bib2259;bib4130;bib935, +1736-bib,1736,bib,See Source,,,bib939, +5329-bib,5329,bib,See Source,,,bib2712;bib4144;bib6169;bib6247;bib946, +2550-bib,2550,bib,See Source,,,bib950, +3797-bib,3797,bib,See Source,,,bib1626;bib1627;bib2559;bib5881;bib5882;bib950, +4695-bib,4695,bib,See Source,,,bib3885;bib5106;bib5452;bib6601;bib953, +4915-bib,4915,bib,See Source,,,bib1046;bib3625;bib5537;bib6267;bib6268;bib6269;bib6270;bib7529;bib955, +4938-bib,4938,bib,See Source,,,bib3625;bib6269;bib7529;bib956, +3794-bib,3794,bib,See Source,,,bib3716;bib4340;bib4341;bib4342;bib4343;bib4344;bib7152;bib957;bib958, +6632-bib,6632,bib,See Source,,,bib959;bib963, +6653-bib,6653,bib,See Source,,,bib960, +4969-bib,4969,bib,See Source,,,bib961;bib964, +9389-bib,9389,bib,See Source,,,bib3857;bib971, +593-bib,593,bib,See Source,,,bib2859;bib3857;bib4883;bib5467;bib6522;bib7417;bib7419;bib7420;bib7422;bib971;bib975;bib978, +2706-bib,2706,bib,See Source,,,bib2655;bib2687;bib2697;bib4453;bib4930;bib5779;bib5780;bib7948;bib972, +5013-bib,5013,bib,See Source,,,bib1003;bib1008;bib1013;bib1026;bib1035;bib1039;bib2910;bib982, +489-bib,489,bib,See Source,,,bib1013;bib984, +4179-bib,4179,bib,See Source,,,bib1028;bib3896;bib6082;bib6083;bib7156;bib997, +485-bib,485,bib,See Source,,,bib1006;bib1027, +2625-bib,2625,bib,See Source,,,bib1013;bib3749, +5095-bib,5095,bib,See Source,,,bib1015, +461-bib,461,bib,See Source,,,bib1020;bib3157, +3094-bib,3094,bib,See Source,,,bib1021;bib6819, +4375-bib,4375,bib,See Source,,,bib1029;bib1038, +5146-bib,5146,bib,See Source,,,bib1031;bib1670;bib3238;bib4500;bib8272, +4533-bib,4533,bib,See Source,,,bib1032, +3845-bib,3845,bib,See Source,,,bib1042;bib1289;bib1827;bib4425;bib6564;bib6751, +5965-bib,5965,bib,See Source,,,bib1043;bib1044, +1528-bib,1528,bib,See Source,,,bib1047;bib1048;bib2977;bib3973;bib7314, +1926-bib,1926,bib,See Source,,,bib1049;bib5213;bib5904, +2277-bib,2277,bib,See Source,,,bib1058;bib1314;bib1315;bib6404, +2094-bib,2094,bib,See Source,,,bib1060;bib1863, +9829-bib,9829,bib,See Source,,,bib1062;bib6749;bib6932, +850-bib,850,bib,See Source,,,bib1071;bib1081;bib2050;bib2311;bib4114;bib4602;bib4603;bib4852;bib5465;bib7086;bib7171;bib7172;bib7525;bib8230, +4169-bib,4169,bib,See Source,,,bib1076;bib3290, +1920-bib,1920,bib,See Source,,,bib1077;bib2279;bib3405, +1696-bib,1696,bib,See Source,,,bib1082;bib4209;bib4402;bib6022;bib7600, +1718-bib,1718,bib,See Source,,,bib1085;bib1889;bib2194;bib4199;bib4200;bib5839;bib6209;bib6478;bib7893, +5657-bib,5657,bib,See Source,,,bib1086, +1730-bib,1730,bib,See Source,,,bib1092;bib1094;bib2337;bib4047;bib4334;bib4347;bib5500;bib5501;bib6906;bib6907;bib6908;bib7651;bib7652;bib8194, +2506-bib,2506,bib,See Source,,,bib1093;bib5450;bib8087;bib8088;bib8089;bib8098, +941-bib,941,bib,See Source,,,bib1095, +6025-bib,6025,bib,See Source,,,bib1097;bib4166;bib4855;bib8295, +2315-bib,2315,bib,See Source,,,bib1098, +6032-bib,6032,bib,See Source,,,bib1099;bib1694;bib4581, +561-bib,561,bib,See Source,,,bib1099, +10479-bib,10479,bib,See Source,,,bib1100;bib2505;bib6115, +341-bib,341,bib,See Source,,,bib1101;bib1102;bib1799;bib2775;bib3047, +4620-bib,4620,bib,See Source,,,bib1110;bib1414;bib4399;bib6071, +681-bib,681,bib,See Source,,,bib1122;bib6329;bib8114, +2750-bib,2750,bib,See Source,,,bib1124;bib6139;bib7622;bib7840, +861-bib,861,bib,See Source,,,bib1125;bib1948;bib3021;bib3191;bib5190;bib5191;bib5912, +4516-bib,4516,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib5121;bib5593;bib6600, +3591-bib,3591,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib6600, +5115-bib,5115,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib5593, +4937-bib,4937,bib,See Source,,,bib1144;bib5120;bib5452, +5639-bib,5639,bib,See Source,,,bib1148;bib2003;bib4648;bib6027;bib6569;bib7156, +4925-bib,4925,bib,See Source,,,bib1149;bib6563;bib6767;bib7590, +2166-bib,2166,bib,See Source,,,bib1151;bib3006;bib7203, +2757-bib,2757,bib,See Source,,,bib1152;bib1153;bib1154;bib2028;bib4751;bib6355;bib6856, +4604-bib,4604,bib,See Source,,,bib1160;bib2604;bib2606;bib3914;bib3922;bib3923;bib4449, +6199-bib,6199,bib,See Source,,,bib1161;bib1816;bib1818;bib2824;bib3055;bib3672;bib4214;bib5595, +1989-bib,1989,bib,See Source,,,bib1164;bib2229;bib2798;bib3312;bib3776;bib4486;bib4487;bib4928;bib6644;bib7788;bib8034, +566-bib,566,bib,See Source,,,bib1167;bib1492;bib2373, +564-bib,564,bib,See Source,,,bib1182;bib6391, +4615-bib,4615,bib,See Source,,,bib1185;bib1186;bib1187;bib1188;bib3165;bib3829;bib3914;bib3936;bib4279;bib8301, +2570-bib,2570,bib,See Source,,,bib1189;bib2407;bib2408;bib2963;bib4529;bib6399;bib7441, +3892-bib,3892,bib,See Source,,,bib1190;bib5162;bib5163;bib5547, +4476-bib,4476,bib,See Source,,,bib1195;bib3231, +5995-bib,5995,bib,See Source,,,bib1196, +6000-bib,6000,bib,See Source,,,bib1196;bib2159, +4837-bib,4837,bib,See Source,,,bib1197, +5028-bib,5028,bib,See Source,,,bib1197, +2308-bib,2308,bib,See Source,,,bib1197;bib3594;bib4488, +4881-bib,4881,bib,See Source,,,bib1197, +576-bib,576,bib,See Source,,,bib1199;bib1201;bib1205;bib1207, +2307-bib,2307,bib,See Source,,,bib1200;bib4115;bib6535;bib6539, +4588-bib,4588,bib,See Source,,,bib1204;bib6719, +2376-bib,2376,bib,See Source,,,bib1210;bib5023;bib5024;bib5025;bib6339;bib6340, +1666-bib,1666,bib,See Source,,,bib1211, +5613-bib,5613,bib,See Source,,,bib1214;bib3656;bib7133;bib7156, +4450-bib,4450,bib,See Source,,,bib1214, +2405-bib,2405,bib,See Source,,,bib1214;bib3684;bib4476;bib7133;bib7156, +5188-bib,5188,bib,See Source,,,bib1220, +7254-bib,7254,bib,See Source,,,bib1221, +8969-bib,8969,bib,See Source,,,bib1222;bib2057;bib3206;bib3214;bib3215;bib3216;bib7170, +4157-bib,4157,bib,See Source,,,bib1223;bib6843, +2734-bib,2734,bib,See Source,,,bib1224, +1065-bib,1065,bib,See Source,,,bib1225;bib5441;bib6416;bib6631;bib8117, +2697-bib,2697,bib,See Source,,,bib1226;bib1567;bib1814;bib1957;bib4733;bib5705;bib6318;bib6328;bib6417;bib8198, +6351-bib,6351,bib,See Source,,,bib1227;bib3622, +1744-bib,1744,bib,See Source,,,bib1228;bib1683;bib8078, +4225-bib,4225,bib,See Source,,,bib1228;bib1683;bib8078, +3326-bib,3326,bib,See Source,,,bib1229;bib1230, +2034-bib,2034,bib,See Source,,,bib1231;bib1233;bib3158;bib3538;bib5582, +1743-bib,1743,bib,See Source,,,bib1231;bib1233, +4260-bib,4260,bib,See Source,,,bib1232, +4020-bib,4020,bib,See Source,,,bib1232, +4204-bib,4204,bib,See Source,,,bib1233, +3173-bib,3173,bib,See Source,,,bib1235, +4907-bib,4907,bib,See Source,,,bib1237, +4261-bib,4261,bib,See Source,,,bib1237, +3355-bib,3355,bib,See Source,,,bib1239, +4012-bib,4012,bib,See Source,,,bib1242, +4358-bib,4358,bib,See Source,,,bib1251, +542-bib,542,bib,See Source,,,bib1256;bib1257, +543-bib,543,bib,See Source,,,bib1256;bib1257, +545-bib,545,bib,See Source,,,bib1256;bib1257, +541-bib,541,bib,See Source,,,bib1256;bib1257;bib1335, +1925-bib,1925,bib,See Source,,,bib1258;bib3603, +2297-bib,2297,bib,See Source,,,bib1263;bib1265;bib1267;bib1271;bib3212;bib3337;bib4841, +1679-bib,1679,bib,See Source,,,bib1270;bib2791;bib4522;bib6575;bib6724;bib6725;bib6726;bib6727;bib6728;bib6729;bib6731, +5153-bib,5153,bib,See Source,,,bib1276;bib4728;bib4729;bib5319;bib6108;bib6374, +864-bib,864,bib,See Source,,,bib1279;bib2826;bib4730;bib5129;bib6514, +1516-bib,1516,bib,See Source,,,bib1288;bib2508;bib2555;bib2556;bib3675;bib3676;bib3998;bib4693;bib5254;bib7186;bib8121;bib8310, +1692-bib,1692,bib,See Source,,,bib1293;bib1294;bib1295;bib1296;bib1380;bib1381;bib2014;bib2015;bib2016;bib4170;bib4171;bib5406;bib5544;bib5545;bib5546;bib7509;bib7867, +8601-bib,8601,bib,See Source,,,bib1298;bib1299;bib1300;bib1301;bib7327, +4050-bib,4050,bib,See Source,,,bib1301;bib2901;bib2902;bib3886;bib5473;bib6009;bib7313;bib7906, +4071-bib,4071,bib,See Source,,,bib1304;bib3030;bib3827, +5059-bib,5059,bib,See Source,,,bib1307;bib4038;bib5108;bib6534;bib6537, +7409-bib,7409,bib,See Source,,,bib1308;bib4388;bib4389;bib4634;bib5013, +2026-bib,2026,bib,See Source,,,bib1312;bib2382;bib4499;bib7891, +1442-bib,1442,bib,See Source,,,bib1316, +4593-bib,4593,bib,See Source,,,bib1320;bib3220;bib4018, +1752-bib,1752,bib,See Source,,,bib1322, +1956-bib,1956,bib,See Source,,,bib1325, +2800-bib,2800,bib,See Source,,,bib1326;bib1375;bib2697;bib5187;bib5779;bib5780, +4327-bib,4327,bib,See Source,,,bib1334;bib1691;bib1857;bib2178, +1534-bib,1534,bib,See Source,,,bib1339;bib5720;bib5721;bib5722, +2143-bib,2143,bib,See Source,,,bib1340;bib3024;bib4071;bib4241;bib4242;bib4912;bib5161;bib6104;bib7148;bib7588, +3025-bib,3025,bib,See Source,,,bib1346, +627-bib,627,bib,See Source,,,bib1357;bib1824;bib2034;bib4484;bib4909;bib5216;bib5522;bib5523;bib5528;bib5529;bib5538;bib5539;bib5540;bib7700;bib7931, +1263-bib,1263,bib,See Source,,,bib1358;bib6615, +5429-bib,5429,bib,See Source,,,bib1366;bib4650;bib4676;bib6962;bib7076;bib7156;bib7235, +2093-bib,2093,bib,See Source,,,bib1366;bib6869, +2996-bib,2996,bib,See Source,,,bib1367;bib2772;bib3596;bib3597;bib3598;bib3599, +5007-bib,5007,bib,See Source,,,bib1367;bib2772, +6270-bib,6270,bib,See Source,,,bib1368;bib4988, +4952-bib,4952,bib,See Source,,,bib1369, +1376-bib,1376,bib,See Source,,,bib1372;bib1373;bib1374, +2519-bib,2519,bib,See Source,,,bib1376;bib1739;bib2529;bib6945, +1334-bib,1334,bib,See Source,,,bib1377, +4045-bib,4045,bib,See Source,,,bib1379, +1240-bib,1240,bib,See Source,,,bib1382;bib2656;bib6306;bib6307;bib6308;bib6309;bib7581, +10454-bib,10454,bib,See Source,,,bib1386;bib1793;bib2391;bib4471;bib5753;bib7016, +4352-bib,4352,bib,See Source,,,bib1387;bib2237;bib2914;bib2918;bib4177;bib4986, +4159-bib,4159,bib,See Source,,,bib1387;bib1768;bib1770;bib1771;bib4986, +2607-bib,2607,bib,See Source,,,bib1389;bib4406;bib4799, +2968-bib,2968,bib,See Source,,,bib1396;bib1437;bib1995;bib4866;bib4867;bib5020;bib6211;bib6360;bib7393;bib8044, +668-bib,668,bib,See Source,,,bib1398;bib1943;bib2421;bib7033, +3317-bib,3317,bib,See Source,,,bib1400;bib1401;bib1402;bib1403;bib1404;bib1405;bib1406;bib1407;bib1408;bib1409;bib1410;bib1411;bib1412;bib1413;bib1414;bib1415;bib1416;bib1417;bib1418;bib1419;bib1420;bib1421;bib1422;bib1423;bib3115;bib5453;bib7300, +3309-bib,3309,bib,See Source,,,bib1414;bib3708;bib3711;bib3713;bib4399, +1960-bib,1960,bib,See Source,,,bib1424;bib2058;bib5665;bib5668, +1147-bib,1147,bib,See Source,,,bib1430;bib1432, +1693-bib,1693,bib,See Source,,,bib1431, +4980-bib,4980,bib,See Source,,,bib1433, +4598-bib,4598,bib,See Source,,,bib1435, +8128-bib,8128,bib,See Source,,,bib1438;bib2569;bib2570;bib4915;bib6508;bib7389;bib8290;bib8318, +1846-bib,1846,bib,See Source,,,bib1440;bib1441;bib1442;bib1920;bib4105;bib4127;bib5260;bib5261;bib5262;bib6673, +3419-bib,3419,bib,See Source,,,bib1450, +4132-bib,4132,bib,See Source,,,bib1450;bib4639;bib8013, +1519-bib,1519,bib,See Source,,,bib1457;bib2686;bib3392;bib3393;bib3396;bib3726, +2055-bib,2055,bib,See Source,,,bib1460;bib2102;bib2678;bib3632;bib5681;bib5682;bib5683, +3267-bib,3267,bib,See Source,,,bib1465;bib1553;bib4751;bib5969;bib6271;bib8308, +3220-bib,3220,bib,See Source,,,bib1473;bib4814;bib5751;bib5752;bib6875, +2158-bib,2158,bib,See Source,,,bib1474;bib6280, +3262-bib,3262,bib,See Source,,,bib1476;bib3241;bib4048;bib6967, +5403-bib,5403,bib,See Source,,,bib1482, +3315-bib,3315,bib,See Source,,,bib1483;bib4731;bib6442, +1370-bib,1370,bib,See Source,,,bib1486;bib1764;bib5636;bib6438;bib6439;bib6442, +4530-bib,4530,bib,See Source,,,bib1487, +5511-bib,5511,bib,See Source,,,bib1488;bib6561, +4625-bib,4625,bib,See Source,,,bib1490;bib3842;bib3843;bib3844;bib3845, +10860-bib,10860,bib,See Source,,,bib1498;bib1499;bib1500;bib1501;bib1502;bib1503;bib1506;bib4337, +5081-bib,5081,bib,See Source,,,bib1509;bib1512;bib1972;bib3452;bib3454;bib3460, +1717-bib,1717,bib,See Source,,,bib1515;bib1516;bib1537;bib2013;bib5232;bib5462;bib5470;bib6397;bib6550;bib7075;bib7166;bib7817;bib8230, +1732-bib,1732,bib,See Source,,,bib1518;bib2272;bib2273;bib2504;bib2657;bib2658;bib3607;bib4127;bib7020, +3013-bib,3013,bib,See Source,,,bib1519, +10488-bib,10488,bib,See Source,,,bib1521, +10434-bib,10434,bib,See Source,,,bib1521;bib1525;bib1528;bib1533, +10489-bib,10489,bib,See Source,,,bib1521;bib1528, +2346-bib,2346,bib,See Source,,,bib1522;bib1530, +10463-bib,10463,bib,See Source,,,bib1524;bib1529, +10465-bib,10465,bib,See Source,,,bib1524;bib1529;bib6819, +4488-bib,4488,bib,See Source,,,bib1526, +4975-bib,4975,bib,See Source,,,bib1529;bib1530;bib1857;bib6070;bib6819, +10466-bib,10466,bib,See Source,,,bib1529;bib6819, +10464-bib,10464,bib,See Source,,,bib1529;bib1857;bib6819, +4949-bib,4949,bib,See Source,,,bib1535;bib2192;bib2321;bib2322;bib2917;bib2918;bib3958;bib4177;bib7800;bib7870, +10943-bib,10943,bib,See Source,,,bib1538;bib7492, +4873-bib,4873,bib,See Source,,,bib1540;bib1542, +5445-bib,5445,bib,See Source,,,bib1541;bib2521;bib2525;bib2533;bib5637, +1689-bib,1689,bib,See Source,,,bib1544;bib2468;bib2491;bib2574;bib2970;bib3211;bib4354;bib4355;bib4356;bib4605;bib4644;bib4653;bib4654;bib5958;bib6255;bib6289;bib6554, +865-bib,865,bib,See Source,,,bib1545;bib4120;bib5239, +2489-bib,2489,bib,See Source,,,bib1546;bib5326;bib5327;bib5328;bib6248, +664-bib,664,bib,See Source,,,bib1553;bib1554;bib4751;bib8308, +2893-bib,2893,bib,See Source,,,bib1557;bib3476;bib7277;bib7278;bib7280, +1622-bib,1622,bib,See Source,,,bib1569;bib1570;bib1571;bib1572, +3148-bib,3148,bib,See Source,,,bib1577;bib3015;bib3303;bib3488;bib3489;bib3492;bib3494;bib4201;bib4753;bib5436;bib5442;bib5892;bib6602;bib7231;bib7264;bib7643;bib7835;bib8315, +3100-bib,3100,bib,See Source,,,bib1578;bib5941, +3457-bib,3457,bib,See Source,,,bib1580;bib1581;bib1582;bib4552;bib8126;bib8127, +1691-bib,1691,bib,See Source,,,bib1581;bib3406;bib5214;bib7827;bib7901;bib8283, +3097-bib,3097,bib,See Source,,,bib1584;bib3616;bib6047;bib6048;bib6277, +948-bib,948,bib,See Source,,,bib1611, +1061-bib,1061,bib,See Source,,,bib1612;bib5942;bib5943;bib5944;bib5945, +8111-bib,8111,bib,See Source,,,bib1614;bib1778;bib2052;bib2121;bib2392;bib3319;bib4915;bib5007;bib7808;bib8169, +3859-bib,3859,bib,See Source,,,bib1617;bib6939, +4805-bib,4805,bib,See Source,,,bib1620;bib2074, +4608-bib,4608,bib,See Source,,,bib1621;bib3690;bib6566;bib7092, +1359-bib,1359,bib,See Source,,,bib1622;bib3657;bib4475;bib5317;bib5894;bib7156, +2210-bib,2210,bib,See Source,,,bib1622;bib7847, +6352-bib,6352,bib,See Source,,,bib1623;bib6662;bib7913, +514-bib,514,bib,See Source,,,bib1628;bib1632;bib1633;bib1634;bib1635;bib1636;bib1638;bib2721;bib3626, +1678-bib,1678,bib,See Source,,,bib1630;bib1631;bib1637;bib1639;bib5133;bib6372, +1644-bib,1644,bib,See Source,,,bib1640;bib3110;bib4215;bib4597;bib5234;bib5374;bib5376;bib5377;bib5927, +4614-bib,4614,bib,See Source,,,bib1643;bib3829;bib3914;bib3933;bib8301, +2548-bib,2548,bib,See Source,,,bib1644;bib3222;bib5807;bib5967;bib5968;bib6184;bib6186, +5354-bib,5354,bib,See Source,,,bib1650;bib2283;bib4447;bib6822, +5409-bib,5409,bib,See Source,,,bib1650, +4510-bib,4510,bib,See Source,,,bib1657, +2520-bib,2520,bib,See Source,,,bib1660;bib1726;bib2314, +2926-bib,2926,bib,See Source,,,bib1661;bib1662;bib1663;bib2114, +1939-bib,1939,bib,See Source,,,bib1664;bib3491;bib3975;bib7325, +4317-bib,4317,bib,See Source,,,bib1666;bib3730;bib4217;bib4218;bib4219;bib4220;bib4221;bib4222;bib4223, +3053-bib,3053,bib,See Source,,,bib1668;bib1928, +1648-bib,1648,bib,See Source,,,bib1672;bib1673;bib2543;bib2946;bib5830;bib5831;bib5833;bib5834;bib5840;bib5841;bib5843;bib6037, +2724-bib,2724,bib,See Source,,,bib1675;bib3571;bib4492;bib5728;bib5729;bib5730;bib6276;bib6672;bib7560;bib8144;bib8146, +1328-bib,1328,bib,See Source,,,bib1685;bib4923;bib8348, +1325-bib,1325,bib,See Source,,,bib1685;bib4920;bib4924, +1949-bib,1949,bib,See Source,,,bib1690;bib1841;bib4814;bib7896, +1581-bib,1581,bib,See Source,,,bib1691, +10229-bib,10229,bib,See Source,,,bib1691, +8929-bib,8929,bib,See Source,,,bib1691, +4311-bib,4311,bib,See Source,,,bib1691;bib1749;bib2450;bib3245;bib3914;bib3937;bib4108;bib4111;bib4279, +540-bib,540,bib,See Source,,,bib1691;bib3914;bib5100;bib5297, +5614-bib,5614,bib,See Source,,,bib1703;bib1704;bib7129;bib7156, +4133-bib,4133,bib,See Source,,,bib1706;bib7133;bib7156;bib7730;bib8028;bib8075;bib8076, +5072-bib,5072,bib,See Source,,,bib1713;bib3177;bib3914;bib3930;bib5609;bib7175, +3362-bib,3362,bib,See Source,,,bib1714;bib7747;bib7748;bib7988, +2650-bib,2650,bib,See Source,,,bib1715, +2229-bib,2229,bib,See Source,,,bib1723;bib4699, +846-bib,846,bib,See Source,,,bib1724;bib1725;bib1834;bib1835;bib1860;bib6463;bib6464;bib6714;bib7385;bib7386;bib7387;bib7388;bib7903;bib8317, +2685-bib,2685,bib,See Source,,,bib1727;bib4008;bib4567, +2891-bib,2891,bib,See Source,,,bib1728;bib4295, +4977-bib,4977,bib,See Source,,,bib1738;bib8051;bib8052, +5286-bib,5286,bib,See Source,,,bib1741;bib1742;bib1747;bib1748, +588-bib,588,bib,See Source,,,bib1749;bib1855;bib1856;bib3162;bib3914;bib4206;bib4207;bib4845;bib5100;bib5484;bib8301, +2588-bib,2588,bib,See Source,,,bib1751;bib4762;bib4763;bib6442, +2608-bib,2608,bib,See Source,,,bib1752;bib4280;bib6682, +1260-bib,1260,bib,See Source,,,bib1753;bib2073;bib4543;bib5920;bib5932;bib6187;bib7230, +4395-bib,4395,bib,See Source,,,bib1758, +1990-bib,1990,bib,See Source,,,bib1765, +5625-bib,5625,bib,See Source,,,bib1767;bib5891;bib5951, +1453-bib,1453,bib,See Source,,,bib1767, +3685-bib,3685,bib,See Source,,,bib1774;bib1775;bib4625, +963-bib,963,bib,See Source,,,bib1776;bib2365;bib8332, +3340-bib,3340,bib,See Source,,,bib1777;bib3344;bib4210, +4644-bib,4644,bib,See Source,,,bib1779;bib2773, +8091-bib,8091,bib,See Source,,,bib1780;bib2488;bib3189;bib5045;bib5853;bib7180;bib7611, +6146-bib,6146,bib,See Source,,,bib1781;bib2842;bib3000;bib4392;bib4393;bib5525;bib5526;bib5527;bib7005;bib7702;bib7703, +1236-bib,1236,bib,See Source,,,bib1783, +1062-bib,1062,bib,See Source,,,bib1790;bib2896;bib7653;bib7655;bib7656;bib7657;bib7658;bib7659, +2645-bib,2645,bib,See Source,,,bib1806;bib1807;bib8033, +2687-bib,2687,bib,See Source,,,bib1807;bib4715;bib8033, +687-bib,687,bib,See Source,,,bib1810;bib1811;bib1813;bib4608;bib4932;bib4933;bib5276;bib5981;bib6223;bib6621;bib7872;bib8156, +7969-bib,7969,bib,See Source,,,bib1815;bib2493;bib2494;bib2495;bib3531;bib3889;bib4506;bib4639;bib4798;bib5825;bib7093;bib7457, +4462-bib,4462,bib,See Source,,,bib1815;bib2493;bib2495;bib2814;bib3531;bib3889, +5339-bib,5339,bib,See Source,,,bib1819;bib1890;bib3092;bib3093;bib3096;bib6298, +3091-bib,3091,bib,See Source,,,bib1822;bib1823;bib2508;bib2777;bib3014;bib4929;bib6349, +201-bib,201,bib,See Source,,,bib1825;bib3281;bib4573;bib7668;bib8257, +2576-bib,2576,bib,See Source,,,bib1826;bib7452;bib7871, +4076-bib,4076,bib,See Source,,,bib1829;bib4202, +4382-bib,4382,bib,See Source,,,bib1832;bib2378;bib2379;bib5279;bib6946, +2749-bib,2749,bib,See Source,,,bib1838;bib5188;bib5189;bib8170, +667-bib,667,bib,See Source,,,bib1839;bib4272;bib5188;bib5189, +3218-bib,3218,bib,See Source,,,bib1841;bib4814, +1565-bib,1565,bib,See Source,,,bib1842;bib2585;bib3837;bib4542;bib4544;bib5306;bib5738;bib6221;bib7895, +1532-bib,1532,bib,See Source,,,bib1843;bib5226;bib5229;bib5233, +3982-bib,3982,bib,See Source,,,bib1844;bib2666;bib3408;bib3411;bib8100, +3233-bib,3233,bib,See Source,,,bib1845;bib3115;bib3360;bib3944;bib7300;bib7480;bib7771, +2707-bib,2707,bib,See Source,,,bib1851;bib4567, +847-bib,847,bib,See Source,,,bib1865;bib1866;bib3022;bib3023;bib4524;bib4525;bib5196;bib5197, +7230-bib,7230,bib,See Source,,,bib1868, +2732-bib,2732,bib,See Source,,,bib1870;bib2590;bib4910, +661-bib,661,bib,See Source,,,bib1871;bib2739;bib6505;bib6506;bib6507, +5312-bib,5312,bib,See Source,,,bib1892, +1473-bib,1473,bib,See Source,,,bib1897;bib2043;bib4725;bib5206;bib5207;bib6820;bib7192, +1667-bib,1667,bib,See Source,,,bib1898;bib4483;bib5399;bib5404, +1694-bib,1694,bib,See Source,,,bib1899;bib1901, +3864-bib,3864,bib,See Source,,,bib1905;bib2531;bib4865;bib5747;bib5879;bib6396;bib6733;bib6734;bib7880, +4727-bib,4727,bib,See Source,,,bib1921;bib2447;bib3064;bib3412;bib3451;bib3577, +3952-bib,3952,bib,See Source,,,bib1923;bib1924;bib2549;bib3187;bib3694;bib4767;bib5578;bib6491;bib7381;bib7438;bib7602, +4712-bib,4712,bib,See Source,,,bib1929, +3897-bib,3897,bib,See Source,,,bib1931;bib1953;bib2922;bib3624;bib6782;bib6784, +6666-bib,6666,bib,See Source,,,bib1932;bib3247, +2446-bib,2446,bib,See Source,,,bib1933;bib4803;bib4805;bib7024, +3417-bib,3417,bib,See Source,,,bib1935;bib3253, +3371-bib,3371,bib,See Source,,,bib1936, +10539-bib,10539,bib,See Source,,,bib1937;bib2690, +1710-bib,1710,bib,See Source,,,bib1943;bib5375;bib5908;bib6381;bib8132;bib8133;bib8134, +2964-bib,2964,bib,See Source,,,bib1945;bib2904;bib2905;bib2906;bib4010;bib4011;bib5699;bib5705;bib6318;bib6377;bib6917;bib6918;bib6919;bib8121, +523-bib,523,bib,See Source,,,bib1954;bib1955;bib2323;bib5641;bib5642;bib5698;bib5708;bib6211, +2546-bib,2546,bib,See Source,,,bib1956;bib2249;bib2527;bib3564;bib7272, +6510-bib,6510,bib,See Source,,,bib1958;bib3336;bib3605;bib7415;bib7416;bib8040, +4006-bib,4006,bib,See Source,,,bib1960;bib1996;bib3777;bib6016;bib6547;bib6548;bib6912;bib6913, +4572-bib,4572,bib,See Source,,,bib1963;bib1969;bib4077;bib4078;bib4466;bib5114;bib6747, +4361-bib,4361,bib,See Source,,,bib1963;bib1969;bib4077;bib4078;bib4466;bib5115;bib6747, +4082-bib,4082,bib,See Source,,,bib1963;bib1969;bib4077;bib4078;bib4466;bib5111;bib6747, +4103-bib,4103,bib,See Source,,,bib1963;bib1969;bib4077;bib4078;bib4466;bib5110;bib6747, +4014-bib,4014,bib,See Source,,,bib1964, +5042-bib,5042,bib,See Source,,,bib1973, +8598-bib,8598,bib,See Source,,,bib1973;bib2512, +7716-bib,7716,bib,See Source,,,bib1974;bib3243;bib3788;bib3955;bib4279, +634-bib,634,bib,See Source,,,bib1995;bib4268;bib4997;bib5004;bib6861, +3275-bib,3275,bib,See Source,,,bib1995;bib2496;bib2497;bib2502;bib2929;bib5004;bib5270;bib5271, +521-bib,521,bib,See Source,,,bib1997, +4415-bib,4415,bib,See Source,,,bib1999;bib2004;bib2007;bib7032, +4667-bib,4667,bib,See Source,,,bib1999;bib7032, +1130-bib,1130,bib,See Source,,,bib2001;bib3274;bib5097;bib5098;bib5737;bib7135;bib7156;bib7197;bib7234;bib8339, +5672-bib,5672,bib,See Source,,,bib2002, +4341-bib,4341,bib,See Source,,,bib2006;bib5019;bib5809;bib5810, +5607-bib,5607,bib,See Source,,,bib2009;bib2183;bib2185;bib3824;bib3826;bib4773;bib4774;bib7131;bib7133;bib7156, +5608-bib,5608,bib,See Source,,,bib2009;bib2183;bib2186;bib3824;bib3826;bib3894;bib4773;bib7133;bib7156, +1930-bib,1930,bib,See Source,,,bib2012;bib3809;bib3810;bib3811;bib5671, +3424-bib,3424,bib,See Source,,,bib2020, +4270-bib,4270,bib,See Source,,,bib2023;bib2024, +6511-bib,6511,bib,See Source,,,bib2027;bib2029;bib2035, +650-bib,650,bib,See Source,,,bib2027;bib2034;bib2858;bib4480;bib4938;bib5194;bib5195;bib7002, +5293-bib,5293,bib,See Source,,,bib2030;bib5081;bib7248, +1916-bib,1916,bib,See Source,,,bib2031;bib6002;bib6947;bib7332, +2997-bib,2997,bib,See Source,,,bib2032;bib3135;bib4751;bib5888;bib6013;bib6014;bib6015;bib6355;bib8130;bib8187, +3332-bib,3332,bib,See Source,,,bib2033;bib2036, +867-bib,867,bib,See Source,,,bib2034;bib3339;bib3524;bib3553;bib5083;bib6895;bib7745;bib7746, +701-bib,701,bib,See Source,,,bib2037;bib2038;bib2039;bib4169, +4944-bib,4944,bib,See Source,,,bib2041;bib2042;bib4838, +2116-bib,2116,bib,See Source,,,bib2045;bib6379;bib6803;bib6804;bib6806;bib7899, +507-bib,507,bib,See Source,,,bib2049;bib4348;bib4350;bib4351, +851-bib,851,bib,See Source,,,bib2064;bib2510;bib3141;bib3872;bib3906;bib4437;bib4694;bib4705;bib5011;bib6794, +5412-bib,5412,bib,See Source,,,bib2070, +3819-bib,3819,bib,See Source,,,bib2071;bib3869, +3816-bib,3816,bib,See Source,,,bib2071;bib6067, +4599-bib,4599,bib,See Source,,,bib2078, +6512-bib,6512,bib,See Source,,,bib2079;bib6300;bib6798;bib6800;bib7732;bib8286;bib8320, +1381-bib,1381,bib,See Source,,,bib2081;bib7067, +1450-bib,1450,bib,See Source,,,bib2082;bib3806, +3380-bib,3380,bib,See Source,,,bib2093;bib2094, +2565-bib,2565,bib,See Source,,,bib2095;bib2096, +2559-bib,2559,bib,See Source,,,bib2097;bib3258;bib4292, +3198-bib,3198,bib,See Source,,,bib2098;bib2099, +1257-bib,1257,bib,See Source,,,bib2104;bib5094, +3219-bib,3219,bib,See Source,,,bib2110;bib2111;bib2112;bib2941, +1124-bib,1124,bib,See Source,,,bib2116;bib3611, +5700-bib,5700,bib,See Source,,,bib2120;bib3770;bib3897;bib6569;bib7156, +2131-bib,2131,bib,See Source,,,bib2146;bib5273;bib5414, +652-bib,652,bib,See Source,,,bib2149, +1734-bib,1734,bib,See Source,,,bib2150;bib3607, +633-bib,633,bib,See Source,,,bib2153;bib4392;bib6539;bib6584;bib7616;bib8243, +5884-bib,5884,bib,See Source,,,bib2154, +1235-bib,1235,bib,See Source,,,bib2155;bib7329;bib7330, +586-bib,586,bib,See Source,,,bib2158;bib2487;bib6533, +5060-bib,5060,bib,See Source,,,bib2175;bib2176;bib4465;bib6151, +8569-bib,8569,bib,See Source,,,bib2184;bib4304, +3197-bib,3197,bib,See Source,,,bib2197;bib2206;bib2211;bib5483, +6651-bib,6651,bib,See Source,,,bib2198;bib3428, +4884-bib,4884,bib,See Source,,,bib2200;bib2201;bib6335;bib6824;bib6825;bib6826;bib6827, +3379-bib,3379,bib,See Source,,,bib2202;bib2203, +4910-bib,4910,bib,See Source,,,bib2204, +1145-bib,1145,bib,See Source,,,bib2205;bib2993;bib3001;bib4474;bib5973;bib5974;bib5975;bib5976;bib5977;bib6623;bib6807;bib6808, +504-bib,504,bib,See Source,,,bib2207;bib2312;bib7289, +1004-bib,1004,bib,See Source,,,bib2209;bib5672;bib5673;bib5676;bib5808;bib7051;bib8125;bib8128, +3352-bib,3352,bib,See Source,,,bib2210, +2207-bib,2207,bib,See Source,,,bib2212;bib2688;bib3164;bib3735;bib4279, +5205-bib,5205,bib,See Source,,,bib2214, +3149-bib,3149,bib,See Source,,,bib2222;bib2223;bib2224;bib2225;bib3004;bib6638;bib8185;bib8248, +1306-bib,1306,bib,See Source,,,bib2230;bib2263;bib2445;bib3198;bib3643;bib4875;bib4876;bib4877;bib4880;bib5099;bib5987;bib5988, +3307-bib,3307,bib,See Source,,,bib2231;bib2232;bib2233;bib2234, +5689-bib,5689,bib,See Source,,,bib2235, +3903-bib,3903,bib,See Source,,,bib2236, +4062-bib,4062,bib,See Source,,,bib2238;bib5842, +4027-bib,4027,bib,See Source,,,bib2248;bib3281;bib7665, +9490-bib,9490,bib,See Source,,,bib2252;bib7068, +8330-bib,8330,bib,See Source,,,bib2252;bib7199, +2746-bib,2746,bib,See Source,,,bib2257, +2716-bib,2716,bib,See Source,,,bib2262;bib3281, +2992-bib,2992,bib,See Source,,,bib2264;bib4615;bib5000, +1947-bib,1947,bib,See Source,,,bib2265;bib3071;bib3072;bib3073;bib3890;bib3891, +570-bib,570,bib,See Source,,,bib2267;bib7224, +4337-bib,4337,bib,See Source,,,bib2274;bib3205, +4503-bib,4503,bib,See Source,,,bib2276;bib8264;bib8267;bib8268, +6030-bib,6030,bib,See Source,,,bib2280;bib7803, +4730-bib,4730,bib,See Source,,,bib2283;bib3402;bib3403;bib3797;bib3861;bib5686;bib5687;bib5688;bib5870, +5353-bib,5353,bib,See Source,,,bib2283;bib4559, +3789-bib,3789,bib,See Source,,,bib2284;bib2969;bib2971;bib2972;bib2978, +2577-bib,2577,bib,See Source,,,bib2285, +2961-bib,2961,bib,See Source,,,bib2286;bib3609, +2088-bib,2088,bib,See Source,,,bib2288;bib2563;bib2899;bib5330, +4715-bib,4715,bib,See Source,,,bib2289;bib5515, +5621-bib,5621,bib,See Source,,,bib2291;bib4308;bib5457;bib5458;bib8091, +7710-bib,7710,bib,See Source,,,bib2302;bib2346;bib3143;bib3181;bib3182;bib3183;bib3184;bib5293, +684-bib,684,bib,See Source,,,bib2305;bib2307;bib4814;bib8150, +9470-bib,9470,bib,See Source,,,bib2313;bib3204;bib3637, +1646-bib,1646,bib,See Source,,,bib2324;bib2582;bib6477;bib7433;bib7892;bib7897;bib7898, +551-bib,551,bib,See Source,,,bib2325, +2783-bib,2783,bib,See Source,,,bib2332;bib2831;bib7014, +2780-bib,2780,bib,See Source,,,bib2333;bib2830;bib5135, +2799-bib,2799,bib,See Source,,,bib2333;bib3281;bib4582;bib6941;bib7667, +5666-bib,5666,bib,See Source,,,bib2334;bib2677;bib2950;bib5848, +5648-bib,5648,bib,See Source,,,bib2335;bib4496, +5627-bib,5627,bib,See Source,,,bib2336, +2566-bib,2566,bib,See Source,,,bib2338, +3913-bib,3913,bib,See Source,,,bib2340;bib2341, +4655-bib,4655,bib,See Source,,,bib2345;bib2530;bib3625, +2144-bib,2144,bib,See Source,,,bib2347;bib2980;bib7635, +686-bib,686,bib,See Source,,,bib2348;bib4213;bib6102;bib7838;bib8131, +8129-bib,8129,bib,See Source,,,bib2352, +2226-bib,2226,bib,See Source,,,bib2355;bib2357;bib2358;bib2361, +2227-bib,2227,bib,See Source,,,bib2356;bib6182, +2267-bib,2267,bib,See Source,,,bib2359, +10455-bib,10455,bib,See Source,,,bib2363;bib3236;bib4690;bib4822;bib7156, +1938-bib,1938,bib,See Source,,,bib2366;bib3736;bib6859;bib6860, +5114-bib,5114,bib,See Source,,,bib2380, +6659-bib,6659,bib,See Source,,,bib2380;bib5015, +2945-bib,2945,bib,See Source,,,bib2381;bib4127;bib4736;bib7411;bib8107, +2552-bib,2552,bib,See Source,,,bib2383, +4898-bib,4898,bib,See Source,,,bib2390;bib7409;bib7508, +3990-bib,3990,bib,See Source,,,bib2394;bib4208, +3852-bib,3852,bib,See Source,,,bib2395, +1619-bib,1619,bib,See Source,,,bib2396;bib2397;bib2398;bib7983, +1590-bib,1590,bib,See Source,,,bib2399;bib6119;bib7890, +3987-bib,3987,bib,See Source,,,bib2406, +1148-bib,1148,bib,See Source,,,bib2413;bib5898, +1237-bib,1237,bib,See Source,,,bib2414;bib4664;bib5096;bib6842, +1511-bib,1511,bib,See Source,,,bib2415;bib3414;bib3415;bib4655;bib5718, +1425-bib,1425,bib,See Source,,,bib2416;bib5288, +5192-bib,5192,bib,See Source,,,bib2417, +4047-bib,4047,bib,See Source,,,bib2417, +1364-bib,1364,bib,See Source,,,bib2431;bib3016;bib3224;bib7256;bib7320;bib7322;bib7323;bib7324, +4148-bib,4148,bib,See Source,,,bib2431;bib2944;bib3556;bib3987;bib4229;bib6997;bib7315;bib7645;bib8273, +1654-bib,1654,bib,See Source,,,bib2433;bib2435;bib2715;bib4707;bib4872;bib4873;bib6355, +1652-bib,1652,bib,See Source,,,bib2437;bib6991;bib7836;bib8184;bib8203;bib8204, +1653-bib,1653,bib,See Source,,,bib2437;bib3136;bib5087;bib5222;bib5223;bib6110;bib6274;bib8180, +656-bib,656,bib,See Source,,,bib2439;bib5563;bib6086, +5301-bib,5301,bib,See Source,,,bib2453;bib2454;bib4801, +10431-bib,10431,bib,See Source,,,bib2457, +1136-bib,1136,bib,See Source,,,bib2469;bib3244;bib3471;bib5104;bib5109, +6250-bib,6250,bib,See Source,,,bib2470;bib2471, +853-bib,853,bib,See Source,,,bib2477;bib3291;bib5541;bib6074;bib6229;bib7259;bib7261, +6169-bib,6169,bib,See Source,,,bib2479;bib2480;bib2481;bib2625;bib2722, +4369-bib,4369,bib,See Source,,,bib2482;bib5971, +3261-bib,3261,bib,See Source,,,bib2486, +10521-bib,10521,bib,See Source,,,bib2501;bib6680, +3090-bib,3090,bib,See Source,,,bib2503;bib3607, +4976-bib,4976,bib,See Source,,,bib2509;bib4741;bib4851;bib5322;bib6090, +4967-bib,4967,bib,See Source,,,bib2517;bib2518;bib6793, +4197-bib,4197,bib,See Source,,,bib2520;bib4101;bib4103, +1132-bib,1132,bib,See Source,,,bib2528;bib4102;bib6412;bib7360, +10437-bib,10437,bib,See Source,,,bib2537, +3122-bib,3122,bib,See Source,,,bib2544;bib4615;bib4814;bib6741;bib6742;bib6743;bib8105;bib8113, +4719-bib,4719,bib,See Source,,,bib2565, +3152-bib,3152,bib,See Source,,,bib2576;bib2839;bib5565;bib5670;bib8111;bib8119;bib8183, +4182-bib,4182,bib,See Source,,,bib2577, +648-bib,648,bib,See Source,,,bib2583;bib2584;bib2681;bib7240, +1219-bib,1219,bib,See Source,,,bib2611, +3901-bib,3901,bib,See Source,,,bib2616;bib3067;bib3352;bib5934, +2057-bib,2057,bib,See Source,,,bib2619, +1166-bib,1166,bib,See Source,,,bib2620;bib3249;bib5835;bib6588;bib6589;bib6590;bib6789;bib6790;bib6793;bib8069;bib8070, +2669-bib,2669,bib,See Source,,,bib2630, +1731-bib,1731,bib,See Source,,,bib2632;bib2633;bib2634;bib3607, +663-bib,663,bib,See Source,,,bib2636;bib6041, +1384-bib,1384,bib,See Source,,,bib2638;bib2640, +5525-bib,5525,bib,See Source,,,bib2640;bib2915;bib2916;bib2918;bib3959;bib4384;bib6546, +2730-bib,2730,bib,See Source,,,bib2647;bib2648;bib3614;bib4615;bib4751;bib6052;bib6053;bib6054;bib6055;bib6056;bib6057;bib6451;bib6619, +5303-bib,5303,bib,See Source,,,bib2650;bib5513;bib8281;bib8287, +4485-bib,4485,bib,See Source,,,bib2652;bib3648;bib6851, +2265-bib,2265,bib,See Source,,,bib2652;bib3648, +7369-bib,7369,bib,See Source,,,bib2662, +2292-bib,2292,bib,See Source,,,bib2663;bib7317;bib7318;bib7321, +5247-bib,5247,bib,See Source,,,bib2664;bib2665, +1847-bib,1847,bib,See Source,,,bib2685;bib3106;bib3131;bib4491;bib6106, +2711-bib,2711,bib,See Source,,,bib2691;bib7860, +3360-bib,3360,bib,See Source,,,bib2698;bib7448;bib7449, +9870-bib,9870,bib,See Source,,,bib2700;bib2701, +8689-bib,8689,bib,See Source,,,bib2707;bib2709;bib2710;bib3604;bib5141;bib6310;bib6334;bib6462;bib6679;bib7167;bib7575;bib7927, +5683-bib,5683,bib,See Source,,,bib2712;bib4155;bib4156;bib4375;bib4376;bib6124;bib6169;bib6245;bib6467;bib6773, +4057-bib,4057,bib,See Source,,,bib2729;bib2730;bib2731;bib3046;bib5947;bib5948;bib8067, +1852-bib,1852,bib,See Source,,,bib2735;bib2736;bib4814;bib8244;bib8245;bib8246, +1677-bib,1677,bib,See Source,,,bib2751;bib2752;bib2753;bib2755;bib2756;bib4104;bib4849;bib7195;bib7236;bib7506;bib7507, +3829-bib,3829,bib,See Source,,,bib2758, +3372-bib,3372,bib,See Source,,,bib2759;bib4627, +4056-bib,4056,bib,See Source,,,bib2770;bib3289, +2115-bib,2115,bib,See Source,,,bib2777;bib4267;bib5281;bib6333;bib6722;bib7221;bib7521;bib8223, +5652-bib,5652,bib,See Source,,,bib2779;bib5050;bib7883, +4453-bib,4453,bib,See Source,,,bib2779, +3099-bib,3099,bib,See Source,,,bib2781, +4155-bib,4155,bib,See Source,,,bib2783;bib3802, +10720-bib,10720,bib,See Source,,,bib2786;bib2787;bib2788;bib2789;bib5591;bib5719;bib7731, +1573-bib,1573,bib,See Source,,,bib2790;bib3833;bib5695;bib5696;bib5815;bib8225, +4124-bib,4124,bib,See Source,,,bib2793;bib3445;bib3462;bib3467, +3910-bib,3910,bib,See Source,,,bib2803;bib3038;bib3671, +2691-bib,2691,bib,See Source,,,bib2811;bib4555;bib7030, +6203-bib,6203,bib,See Source,,,bib2812;bib5201;bib5202;bib5203;bib5204, +2573-bib,2573,bib,See Source,,,bib2820;bib3260, +5175-bib,5175,bib,See Source,,,bib2822;bib7156, +1650-bib,1650,bib,See Source,,,bib2827;bib3296;bib6602;bib7520;bib7643;bib8313, +6668-bib,6668,bib,See Source,,,bib2829;bib7215;bib7982, +2168-bib,2168,bib,See Source,,,bib2840;bib7687, +6029-bib,6029,bib,See Source,,,bib2844;bib3429;bib5313;bib6400, +3981-bib,3981,bib,See Source,,,bib2845, +3191-bib,3191,bib,See Source,,,bib2848, +1239-bib,1239,bib,See Source,,,bib2849, +2720-bib,2720,bib,See Source,,,bib2851;bib3304;bib4990, +3004-bib,3004,bib,See Source,,,bib2862;bib5411, +679-bib,679,bib,See Source,,,bib2864;bib4385;bib5674;bib5675;bib7712, +3799-bib,3799,bib,See Source,,,bib2878;bib4788;bib7206, +5433-bib,5433,bib,See Source,,,bib2885, +1429-bib,1429,bib,See Source,,,bib2889;bib4153;bib5284;bib5715, +584-bib,584,bib,See Source,,,bib2891, +7290-bib,7290,bib,See Source,,,bib2893;bib3537;bib3538;bib3539;bib3540;bib3546, +5703-bib,5703,bib,See Source,,,bib2897;bib2898;bib4607, +10470-bib,10470,bib,See Source,,,bib2900, +2561-bib,2561,bib,See Source,,,bib2921;bib5626, +5987-bib,5987,bib,See Source,,,bib2926;bib2927, +2980-bib,2980,bib,See Source,,,bib2931;bib5012;bib5445;bib8239, +2737-bib,2737,bib,See Source,,,bib2941, +3021-bib,3021,bib,See Source,,,bib2949;bib5557;bib5558;bib5559;bib7376, +2767-bib,2767,bib,See Source,,,bib2952;bib2953;bib2954;bib5694;bib7219;bib8071;bib8072, +2105-bib,2105,bib,See Source,,,bib2958;bib2959;bib2960;bib2961;bib2962;bib3056, +5076-bib,5076,bib,See Source,,,bib2965;bib2966;bib3178;bib3914;bib3935;bib3946;bib3947;bib5609, +4251-bib,4251,bib,See Source,,,bib2967;bib2968;bib3546;bib3848;bib4517, +4207-bib,4207,bib,See Source,,,bib2968;bib3848, +10009-bib,10009,bib,See Source,,,bib2979;bib7442, +2585-bib,2585,bib,See Source,,,bib2984;bib4178;bib5059;bib6591, +1568-bib,1568,bib,See Source,,,bib2988;bib2989, +5610-bib,5610,bib,See Source,,,bib3008;bib6455;bib6456;bib6457;bib7156, +5673-bib,5673,bib,See Source,,,bib3009;bib5387;bib8000, +3858-bib,3858,bib,See Source,,,bib3011;bib5978;bib8189, +2921-bib,2921,bib,See Source,,,bib3013;bib3586;bib6636, +8909-bib,8909,bib,See Source,,,bib3017;bib3019;bib4424, +2702-bib,2702,bib,See Source,,,bib3024;bib4241;bib4505, +1929-bib,1929,bib,See Source,,,bib3025, +4230-bib,4230,bib,See Source,,,bib3034, +1992-bib,1992,bib,See Source,,,bib3039;bib4656;bib7336;bib7338, +2466-bib,2466,bib,See Source,,,bib3040;bib5365;bib5703;bib7839, +1988-bib,1988,bib,See Source,,,bib3042;bib3601, +4147-bib,4147,bib,See Source,,,bib3043, +5690-bib,5690,bib,See Source,,,bib3048;bib3074;bib3251;bib4113;bib5549;bib6653;bib7928;bib8037, +5226-bib,5226,bib,See Source,,,bib3053;bib3054, +2325-bib,2325,bib,See Source,,,bib3057;bib3062;bib7448, +4023-bib,4023,bib,See Source,,,bib3066;bib5032;bib5569;bib5899;bib5901;bib5902;bib6829, +4308-bib,4308,bib,See Source,,,bib3067;bib4127, +1507-bib,1507,bib,See Source,,,bib3068;bib5718;bib6966, +5937-bib,5937,bib,See Source,,,bib3069, +3150-bib,3150,bib,See Source,,,bib3078;bib6515;bib7188, +5620-bib,5620,bib,See Source,,,bib3079;bib7118, +4464-bib,4464,bib,See Source,,,bib3080;bib6557;bib7978, +1787-bib,1787,bib,See Source,,,bib3083, +1892-bib,1892,bib,See Source,,,bib3083, +8329-bib,8329,bib,See Source,,,bib3085, +127-bib,127,bib,See Source,,,bib3107;bib3493;bib3709;bib6641;bib6705;bib6706;bib6707;bib7039;bib7142, +1458-bib,1458,bib,See Source,,,bib3111;bib3112;bib3113;bib3114;bib3607;bib6273;bib8172;bib8241, +3895-bib,3895,bib,See Source,,,bib3115;bib7300, +5640-bib,5640,bib,See Source,,,bib3130;bib3893;bib4311;bib4797;bib7216, +3042-bib,3042,bib,See Source,,,bib3133;bib4253;bib4293;bib6640;bib7482, +2132-bib,2132,bib,See Source,,,bib3151;bib3152;bib3153;bib4814;bib5256;bib5257, +1431-bib,1431,bib,See Source,,,bib3156;bib7727;bib8012, +529-bib,529,bib,See Source,,,bib3165;bib3829;bib3914;bib3932;bib8301, +528-bib,528,bib,See Source,,,bib3165;bib3829;bib8301, +4786-bib,4786,bib,See Source,,,bib3171;bib3387;bib3914;bib3919;bib7950, +1134-bib,1134,bib,See Source,,,bib3174, +1310-bib,1310,bib,See Source,,,bib3186, +843-bib,843,bib,See Source,,,bib3210;bib4193;bib4194;bib5040;bib6311, +2007-bib,2007,bib,See Source,,,bib3213;bib3324;bib3507;bib3624;bib4991;bib5488;bib6926, +4096-bib,4096,bib,See Source,,,bib3237;bib3682;bib4824;bib6304;bib6915, +4167-bib,4167,bib,See Source,,,bib3248;bib3633, +1146-bib,1146,bib,See Source,,,bib3250;bib3405;bib4939;bib5215;bib8003, +5694-bib,5694,bib,See Source,,,bib3251;bib6162;bib7139, +4340-bib,4340,bib,See Source,,,bib3251;bib7088, +1637-bib,1637,bib,See Source,,,bib3261;bib5694;bib6690;bib8152, +5094-bib,5094,bib,See Source,,,bib3262;bib6224, +1530-bib,1530,bib,See Source,,,bib3265;bib3267;bib3268;bib3269, +3765-bib,3765,bib,See Source,,,bib3275;bib6969;bib6970, +10640-bib,10640,bib,See Source,,,bib3281, +4070-bib,4070,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib4573, +5177-bib,5177,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib4132;bib4134, +4647-bib,4647,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib7721, +2779-bib,2779,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib7665;bib7666, +5147-bib,5147,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib6436, +4393-bib,4393,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib7720, +1890-bib,1890,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib6437, +6674-bib,6674,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib6216;bib7026;bib7027, +4386-bib,4386,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib7824;bib7825, +10679-bib,10679,bib,See Source,,,bib3281, +4714-bib,4714,bib,See Source,,,bib3281;bib7667, +10637-bib,10637,bib,See Source,,,bib3281, +10602-bib,10602,bib,See Source,,,bib3281, +1382-bib,1382,bib,See Source,,,bib3294, +632-bib,632,bib,See Source,,,bib3295;bib3545;bib5126;bib5283;bib6723;bib8139;bib8209, +1641-bib,1641,bib,See Source,,,bib3299, +4156-bib,4156,bib,See Source,,,bib3300;bib4116;bib4127;bib6065;bib6066;bib6072;bib6073, +8469-bib,8469,bib,See Source,,,bib3306;bib5379, +1959-bib,1959,bib,See Source,,,bib3307;bib4468;bib5430;bib5431;bib6024;bib7185;bib7584;bib7585, +2568-bib,2568,bib,See Source,,,bib3309;bib3310;bib3311, +1586-bib,1586,bib,See Source,,,bib3312;bib3581, +1991-bib,1991,bib,See Source,,,bib3312;bib6644;bib8034, +670-bib,670,bib,See Source,,,bib3323;bib4794;bib5040;bib6150;bib7177;bib7178, +3032-bib,3032,bib,See Source,,,bib3325;bib5272, +2087-bib,2087,bib,See Source,,,bib3334;bib7023, +5881-bib,5881,bib,See Source,,,bib3334;bib4400;bib4996;bib6999;bib7023;bib8002, +4672-bib,4672,bib,See Source,,,bib3348;bib3349;bib3351, +3239-bib,3239,bib,See Source,,,bib3366, +3323-bib,3323,bib,See Source,,,bib3370;bib3372, +1434-bib,1434,bib,See Source,,,bib3385;bib4921;bib6964;bib7301, +5825-bib,5825,bib,See Source,,,bib3389;bib8229, +5637-bib,5637,bib,See Source,,,bib3398;bib4501;bib5917;bib5918;bib5919, +4330-bib,4330,bib,See Source,,,bib3400;bib3895;bib7341;bib7971, +3691-bib,3691,bib,See Source,,,bib3404, +1536-bib,1536,bib,See Source,,,bib3405;bib5797;bib5798;bib7789;bib7790, +1510-bib,1510,bib,See Source,,,bib3415;bib5718, +9689-bib,9689,bib,See Source,,,bib3416;bib3417;bib3419;bib3421, +2830-bib,2830,bib,See Source,,,bib3420, +4626-bib,4626,bib,See Source,,,bib3422;bib7937, +2589-bib,2589,bib,See Source,,,bib3424;bib3432;bib3434;bib3696;bib3697, +1915-bib,1915,bib,See Source,,,bib3426;bib3795, +2572-bib,2572,bib,See Source,,,bib3427, +4859-bib,4859,bib,See Source,,,bib3433, +3305-bib,3305,bib,See Source,,,bib3442, +5805-bib,5805,bib,See Source,,,bib3455, +2797-bib,2797,bib,See Source,,,bib3474;bib7434;bib7435, +4001-bib,4001,bib,See Source,,,bib3474;bib7434;bib7435, +4934-bib,4934,bib,See Source,,,bib3475;bib3495;bib3511;bib6051;bib6876;bib7649;bib7705;bib7706;bib7707, +5248-bib,5248,bib,See Source,,,bib3481;bib3482;bib6126;bib7849, +5704-bib,5704,bib,See Source,,,bib3483, +5079-bib,5079,bib,See Source,,,bib3487;bib7801, +3857-bib,3857,bib,See Source,,,bib3499, +3344-bib,3344,bib,See Source,,,bib3500, +2564-bib,2564,bib,See Source,,,bib3501;bib3502, +2672-bib,2672,bib,See Source,,,bib3506;bib4215;bib4302;bib4303;bib5286;bib5369;bib6095;bib6096;bib6097;bib6098, +4250-bib,4250,bib,See Source,,,bib3508;bib3509;bib3510;bib5638;bib5639;bib5817;bib5818;bib7965, +4603-bib,4603,bib,See Source,,,bib3513;bib5759;bib5766;bib5987;bib6249, +10421-bib,10421,bib,See Source,,,bib3536;bib3538, +1621-bib,1621,bib,See Source,,,bib3544;bib5583;bib7117;bib7483;bib7766;bib8262, +2009-bib,2009,bib,See Source,,,bib3547;bib3548, +2056-bib,2056,bib,See Source,,,bib3550;bib3551;bib3794, +1332-bib,1332,bib,See Source,,,bib3562;bib5330;bib5596, +1464-bib,1464,bib,See Source,,,bib3563;bib7919, +121-bib,121,bib,See Source,,,bib3578;bib3579, +640-bib,640,bib,See Source,,,bib3583;bib7133;bib7134;bib8037;bib8256, +3399-bib,3399,bib,See Source,,,bib3584;bib5049;bib5177;bib5178;bib5179, +3163-bib,3163,bib,See Source,,,bib3586;bib4615;bib5440;bib5443;bib6636, +2030-bib,2030,bib,See Source,,,bib3587, +3008-bib,3008,bib,See Source,,,bib3607;bib4127, +10956-bib,10956,bib,See Source,,,bib3613;bib3887;bib5228, +9409-bib,9409,bib,See Source,,,bib3635;bib3638;bib5772;bib7068, +1446-bib,1446,bib,See Source,,,bib3639;bib3640;bib4354;bib4600;bib7307, +10936-bib,10936,bib,See Source,,,bib3641;bib3695;bib7255, +9449-bib,9449,bib,See Source,,,bib3642;bib4298, +5688-bib,5688,bib,See Source,,,bib3650;bib3651, +4475-bib,4475,bib,See Source,,,bib3652;bib6222;bib8017, +8234-bib,8234,bib,See Source,,,bib3654;bib3850;bib6499, +4904-bib,4904,bib,See Source,,,bib3655;bib7304;bib7338;bib7340, +3543-bib,3543,bib,See Source,,,bib3659;bib6786;bib7660;bib7661, +3160-bib,3160,bib,See Source,,,bib3669, +4414-bib,4414,bib,See Source,,,bib3670;bib6712, +7714-bib,7714,bib,See Source,,,bib3673, +2956-bib,2956,bib,See Source,,,bib3689, +2578-bib,2578,bib,See Source,,,bib3691;bib3692, +4385-bib,4385,bib,See Source,,,bib3698;bib8277, +3539-bib,3539,bib,See Source,,,bib3698, +9169-bib,9169,bib,See Source,,,bib3700;bib5886, +4648-bib,4648,bib,See Source,,,bib3701, +3798-bib,3798,bib,See Source,,,bib3706;bib8293, +655-bib,655,bib,See Source,,,bib3723;bib4276;bib4277;bib4278;bib6281, +674-bib,674,bib,See Source,,,bib3734;bib4127;bib5709;bib6444;bib6445;bib6994;bib8299, +4091-bib,4091,bib,See Source,,,bib3738;bib3740, +5655-bib,5655,bib,See Source,,,bib3740, +1618-bib,1618,bib,See Source,,,bib3740, +5643-bib,5643,bib,See Source,,,bib3740, +4919-bib,4919,bib,See Source,,,bib3742;bib3743;bib5572;bib8264, +2216-bib,2216,bib,See Source,,,bib3748;bib4423;bib4566, +525-bib,525,bib,See Source,,,bib3756;bib4612;bib4613, +5609-bib,5609,bib,See Source,,,bib3762;bib7156;bib7202;bib7823, +1487-bib,1487,bib,See Source,,,bib3769, +3504-bib,3504,bib,See Source,,,bib3770;bib6880;bib6884;bib6885, +1227-bib,1227,bib,See Source,,,bib3784;bib4320;bib4901;bib4903;bib6042;bib6373;bib7136;bib7328, +4468-bib,4468,bib,See Source,,,bib3785;bib4378;bib6201, +1987-bib,1987,bib,See Source,,,bib3792;bib3793;bib4539;bib4540;bib5979;bib5980;bib7821, +5026-bib,5026,bib,See Source,,,bib3795, +3001-bib,3001,bib,See Source,,,bib3796, +3368-bib,3368,bib,See Source,,,bib3805, +1149-bib,1149,bib,See Source,,,bib3807;bib3808;bib4391;bib4769;bib8108, +4160-bib,4160,bib,See Source,,,bib3825, +1250-bib,1250,bib,See Source,,,bib3834;bib7310;bib7311, +3278-bib,3278,bib,See Source,,,bib3838;bib5307, +4305-bib,4305,bib,See Source,,,bib3847;bib4632;bib5804;bib6479, +1185-bib,1185,bib,See Source,,,bib3849;bib7213, +4676-bib,4676,bib,See Source,,,bib3867;bib3868;bib7291, +4401-bib,4401,bib,See Source,,,bib3871;bib3950, +2728-bib,2728,bib,See Source,,,bib3883, +2920-bib,2920,bib,See Source,,,bib3888;bib5875;bib6353;bib6622;bib8138, +3899-bib,3899,bib,See Source,,,bib3892, +4328-bib,4328,bib,See Source,,,bib3895;bib7341;bib8101, +1433-bib,1433,bib,See Source,,,bib3898;bib4647;bib5715;bib7339;bib7989, +1238-bib,1238,bib,See Source,,,bib3900;bib4652, +1538-bib,1538,bib,See Source,,,bib3902, +626-bib,626,bib,See Source,,,bib3905;bib4263, +3022-bib,3022,bib,See Source,,,bib3908;bib6402;bib6948;bib6949;bib6950;bib8201, +3597-bib,3597,bib,See Source,,,bib3909, +2205-bib,2205,bib,See Source,,,bib3914;bib4279, +5073-bib,5073,bib,See Source,,,bib3914;bib3997, +3792-bib,3792,bib,See Source,,,bib3914;bib3938, +587-bib,587,bib,See Source,,,bib3927, +3403-bib,3403,bib,See Source,,,bib3949, +5999-bib,5999,bib,See Source,,,bib3951, +1082-bib,1082,bib,See Source,,,bib3952, +4249-bib,4249,bib,See Source,,,bib3953;bib6418, +1813-bib,1813,bib,See Source,,,bib3968;bib6091, +101-bib,101,bib,See Source,,,bib3970;bib6305, +1414-bib,1414,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +2778-bib,2778,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +1409-bib,1409,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +3322-bib,3322,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +5324-bib,5324,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +1352-bib,1352,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +2777-bib,2777,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +1900-bib,1900,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +2803-bib,2803,bib,See Source,,,bib3979, +5682-bib,5682,bib,See Source,,,bib3988;bib4300, +8069-bib,8069,bib,See Source,,,bib3991;bib5768, +8452-bib,8452,bib,See Source,,,bib3992;bib8165, +8195-bib,8195,bib,See Source,,,bib4000;bib7109, +2299-bib,2299,bib,See Source,,,bib4009;bib5160, +5566-bib,5566,bib,See Source,,,bib4015;bib5756, +4567-bib,4567,bib,See Source,,,bib4017, +2744-bib,2744,bib,See Source,,,bib4029;bib4063;bib4064;bib4065, +3151-bib,3151,bib,See Source,,,bib4033;bib4034;bib4035;bib4615;bib4737, +7007-bib,7007,bib,See Source,,,bib4036, +5988-bib,5988,bib,See Source,,,bib4052;bib6781;bib7618;bib7672, +5064-bib,5064,bib,See Source,,,bib4052;bib4175, +3018-bib,3018,bib,See Source,,,bib4059, +761-bib,761,bib,See Source,,,bib4066, +2371-bib,2371,bib,See Source,,,bib4067, +2368-bib,2368,bib,See Source,,,bib4068;bib4248;bib4622;bib6179;bib6332;bib6562, +3066-bib,3066,bib,See Source,,,bib4094;bib5489, +3043-bib,3043,bib,See Source,,,bib4096;bib5601;bib5924;bib5926;bib5955;bib7463;bib7984, +4645-bib,4645,bib,See Source,,,bib4098, +3460-bib,3460,bib,See Source,,,bib4110;bib4112;bib4262, +6469-bib,6469,bib,See Source,,,bib4118;bib4335;bib6197;bib6198;bib6199;bib6788;bib7735;bib7736;bib7987, +2031-bib,2031,bib,See Source,,,bib4124, +2176-bib,2176,bib,See Source,,,bib4137;bib4140;bib4141;bib4142, +3885-bib,3885,bib,See Source,,,bib4143;bib6345, +4480-bib,4480,bib,See Source,,,bib4157;bib5487, +721-bib,721,bib,See Source,,,bib4161;bib4167;bib4168;bib4274, +1167-bib,1167,bib,See Source,,,bib4162, +7715-bib,7715,bib,See Source,,,bib4177, +1209-bib,1209,bib,See Source,,,bib4190;bib4717;bib4823;bib5210, +2770-bib,2770,bib,See Source,,,bib4198, +3342-bib,3342,bib,See Source,,,bib4227, +10906-bib,10906,bib,See Source,,,bib4230, +4227-bib,4227,bib,See Source,,,bib4234;bib6442;bib7834, +4693-bib,4693,bib,See Source,,,bib4244;bib5854;bib5967, +4078-bib,4078,bib,See Source,,,bib4256, +3787-bib,3787,bib,See Source,,,bib4257, +4282-bib,4282,bib,See Source,,,bib4269;bib4271;bib5217;bib5219;bib8314, +2766-bib,2766,bib,See Source,,,bib4273;bib5259, +3974-bib,3974,bib,See Source,,,bib4277;bib6011;bib8143, +5020-bib,5020,bib,See Source,,,bib4279, +5546-bib,5546,bib,See Source,,,bib4280, +4901-bib,4901,bib,See Source,,,bib4281, +4210-bib,4210,bib,See Source,,,bib4282, +2549-bib,2549,bib,See Source,,,bib4283, +2553-bib,2553,bib,See Source,,,bib4284;bib6233;bib6237;bib7448, +4416-bib,4416,bib,See Source,,,bib4299;bib5386;bib6757, +1380-bib,1380,bib,See Source,,,bib4305;bib6597;bib6598, +2998-bib,2998,bib,See Source,,,bib4314;bib4315;bib4316;bib4317;bib5122, +1506-bib,1506,bib,See Source,,,bib4318;bib5718, +3969-bib,3969,bib,See Source,,,bib4326;bib4327;bib4328;bib4329, +1933-bib,1933,bib,See Source,,,bib4353, +3024-bib,3024,bib,See Source,,,bib4361;bib4362;bib5560, +7389-bib,7389,bib,See Source,,,bib4374;bib4376;bib6777, +4367-bib,4367,bib,See Source,,,bib4377, +10829-bib,10829,bib,See Source,,,bib4405;bib5143;bib7526, +1255-bib,1255,bib,See Source,,,bib4408;bib4409;bib4411, +1256-bib,1256,bib,See Source,,,bib4410;bib5176, +2449-bib,2449,bib,See Source,,,bib4421;bib7062, +5420-bib,5420,bib,See Source,,,bib4427;bib5775, +1760-bib,1760,bib,See Source,,,bib4451;bib4452;bib4456;bib5732, +4122-bib,4122,bib,See Source,,,bib4466, +4130-bib,4130,bib,See Source,,,bib4467;bib7276;bib7279, +4931-bib,4931,bib,See Source,,,bib4472;bib6109;bib7917;bib7918, +578-bib,578,bib,See Source,,,bib4473;bib7405, +676-bib,676,bib,See Source,,,bib4508;bib4509;bib4510;bib4513;bib7220;bib8224, +3140-bib,3140,bib,See Source,,,bib4516;bib4645;bib7156, +4673-bib,4673,bib,See Source,,,bib4539;bib7970, +2751-bib,2751,bib,See Source,,,bib4545, +1408-bib,1408,bib,See Source,,,bib4545, +8127-bib,8127,bib,See Source,,,bib4547;bib4551;bib6809, +2029-bib,2029,bib,See Source,,,bib4554;bib5792;bib6165, +1460-bib,1460,bib,See Source,,,bib4563, +4950-bib,4950,bib,See Source,,,bib4565, +10620-bib,10620,bib,See Source,,,bib4566, +4900-bib,4900,bib,See Source,,,bib4568;bib5186, +4486-bib,4486,bib,See Source,,,bib4570, +1471-bib,1471,bib,See Source,,,bib4576, +4052-bib,4052,bib,See Source,,,bib4580;bib5493;bib5811;bib5812, +5148-bib,5148,bib,See Source,,,bib4588, +4428-bib,4428,bib,See Source,,,bib4589;bib4590, +3956-bib,3956,bib,See Source,,,bib4592, +3092-bib,3092,bib,See Source,,,bib4626;bib5167;bib5250;bib7624, +677-bib,677,bib,See Source,,,bib4629;bib4630, +10648-bib,10648,bib,See Source,,,bib4633, +2887-bib,2887,bib,See Source,,,bib4639;bib8013, +1150-bib,1150,bib,See Source,,,bib4646;bib4662;bib4668;bib4670;bib6114;bib6583;bib6584;bib6585, +3157-bib,3157,bib,See Source,,,bib4665;bib4666, +1514-bib,1514,bib,See Source,,,bib4665;bib4666;bib4669;bib5718, +1435-bib,1435,bib,See Source,,,bib4665;bib4666, +1512-bib,1512,bib,See Source,,,bib4665;bib4666, +1436-bib,1436,bib,See Source,,,bib4666;bib4672;bib5571;bib5718, +4432-bib,4432,bib,See Source,,,bib4675, +5009-bib,5009,bib,See Source,,,bib4677;bib5378, +10935-bib,10935,bib,See Source,,,bib4679;bib7670, +4059-bib,4059,bib,See Source,,,bib4687;bib7548;bib8271, +2025-bib,2025,bib,See Source,,,bib4700, +4927-bib,4927,bib,See Source,,,bib4706;bib5878;bib6791;bib6792;bib8007, +665-bib,665,bib,See Source,,,bib4751, +3106-bib,3106,bib,See Source,,,bib4751;bib7084;bib7085, +3033-bib,3033,bib,See Source,,,bib4751;bib8302;bib8303;bib8306;bib8307, +5421-bib,5421,bib,See Source,,,bib4756, +2898-bib,2898,bib,See Source,,,bib4758;bib5701;bib5717, +2008-bib,2008,bib,See Source,,,bib4768;bib6210, +3466-bib,3466,bib,See Source,,,bib4775;bib5044;bib5045;bib5635;bib5890;bib6089;bib7611, +1244-bib,1244,bib,See Source,,,bib4778;bib6341;bib6838, +1081-bib,1081,bib,See Source,,,bib4787;bib6657;bib7109, +3414-bib,3414,bib,See Source,,,bib4803;bib4805, +7590-bib,7590,bib,See Source,,,bib4806, +1791-bib,1791,bib,See Source,,,bib4814;bib5127;bib5128;bib7810;bib7811;bib8319, +1639-bib,1639,bib,See Source,,,bib4814;bib5700, +4710-bib,4710,bib,See Source,,,bib4819, +573-bib,573,bib,See Source,,,bib4827, +3538-bib,3538,bib,See Source,,,bib4832;bib4833;bib4834, +2959-bib,2959,bib,See Source,,,bib4857, +1248-bib,1248,bib,See Source,,,bib4859, +2367-bib,2367,bib,See Source,,,bib4861, +1234-bib,1234,bib,See Source,,,bib4862, +921-bib,921,bib,See Source,,,bib4863;bib5149;bib8311, +5070-bib,5070,bib,See Source,,,bib4870, +1329-bib,1329,bib,See Source,,,bib4887;bib5553;bib5554;bib7193, +1745-bib,1745,bib,See Source,,,bib4892, +9469-bib,9469,bib,See Source,,,bib4911;bib7038, +3818-bib,3818,bib,See Source,,,bib4913;bib7884, +3931-bib,3931,bib,See Source,,,bib4914, +8126-bib,8126,bib,See Source,,,bib4915, +2551-bib,2551,bib,See Source,,,bib4918;bib7094;bib7096;bib7097;bib7709;bib7711, +3070-bib,3070,bib,See Source,,,bib4931;bib6288, +2606-bib,2606,bib,See Source,,,bib4934;bib4935;bib5329, +5667-bib,5667,bib,See Source,,,bib4987, +2547-bib,2547,bib,See Source,,,bib4998;bib4999;bib5002;bib5004, +1375-bib,1375,bib,See Source,,,bib5021;bib6135;bib6489, +1919-bib,1919,bib,See Source,,,bib5027;bib5028;bib5029, +4543-bib,4543,bib,See Source,,,bib5032;bib7975;bib8077, +1066-bib,1066,bib,See Source,,,bib5037;bib5315;bib5316;bib5318;bib6501;bib6502;bib7149, +2984-bib,2984,bib,See Source,,,bib5038;bib5039;bib7227;bib7620;bib7713;bib7714;bib7715, +4694-bib,4694,bib,See Source,,,bib5045;bib5873;bib7510;bib7511;bib7512;bib7611, +1486-bib,1486,bib,See Source,,,bib5053, +4773-bib,4773,bib,See Source,,,bib5064, +1305-bib,1305,bib,See Source,,,bib5066, +4911-bib,4911,bib,See Source,,,bib5069;bib5073, +401-bib,401,bib,See Source,,,bib5070;bib5071;bib5074, +3308-bib,3308,bib,See Source,,,bib5075, +2555-bib,2555,bib,See Source,,,bib5078;bib5079, +2786-bib,2786,bib,See Source,,,bib5084;bib5330, +863-bib,863,bib,See Source,,,bib5085;bib5086, +1377-bib,1377,bib,See Source,,,bib5093, +804-bib,804,bib,See Source,,,bib5096, +5368-bib,5368,bib,See Source,,,bib5101, +3537-bib,3537,bib,See Source,,,bib5116, +5111-bib,5111,bib,See Source,,,bib5119, +1714-bib,1714,bib,See Source,,,bib5144, +3406-bib,3406,bib,See Source,,,bib5146;bib5147;bib5997;bib5998;bib5999;bib6000, +3581-bib,3581,bib,See Source,,,bib5150, +1672-bib,1672,bib,See Source,,,bib5155;bib5799, +1242-bib,1242,bib,See Source,,,bib5158;bib5159;bib6190, +3111-bib,3111,bib,See Source,,,bib5165;bib5166;bib8222, +2972-bib,2972,bib,See Source,,,bib5171, +1620-bib,1620,bib,See Source,,,bib5182;bib5579;bib5580, +4397-bib,4397,bib,See Source,,,bib5193, +2982-bib,2982,bib,See Source,,,bib5218;bib5219;bib5220, +1168-bib,1168,bib,See Source,,,bib5224;bib5231;bib6430;bib7851, +2293-bib,2293,bib,See Source,,,bib5236;bib5237;bib5238, +8198-bib,8198,bib,See Source,,,bib5245;bib7156;bib8350, +3458-bib,3458,bib,See Source,,,bib5246;bib6435;bib7577, +2668-bib,2668,bib,See Source,,,bib5274;bib6357;bib6678, +2558-bib,2558,bib,See Source,,,bib5278;bib8300, +1426-bib,1426,bib,See Source,,,bib5288, +1424-bib,1424,bib,See Source,,,bib5288, +3995-bib,3995,bib,See Source,,,bib5297, +3809-bib,3809,bib,See Source,,,bib5324, +2488-bib,2488,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +1365-bib,1365,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +1356-bib,1356,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +3383-bib,3383,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +1505-bib,1505,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +2793-bib,2793,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +2784-bib,2784,bib,See Source,,,bib5330, +3388-bib,3388,bib,See Source,,,bib5333;bib6896, +4987-bib,4987,bib,See Source,,,bib5361;bib5362, +7252-bib,7252,bib,See Source,,,bib5388, +3888-bib,3888,bib,See Source,,,bib5393, +2791-bib,2791,bib,See Source,,,bib5398, +4913-bib,4913,bib,See Source,,,bib5409, +2906-bib,2906,bib,See Source,,,bib5429, +1649-bib,1649,bib,See Source,,,bib5434, +2894-bib,2894,bib,See Source,,,bib5438;bib5440;bib5769;bib5770;bib5771;bib6031;bib6355;bib6630;bib6633;bib6639;bib6961;bib8171, +2910-bib,2910,bib,See Source,,,bib5440;bib5724;bib5725;bib5726;bib5727, +1634-bib,1634,bib,See Source,,,bib5440;bib5444;bib7115;bib8253;bib8278, +2957-bib,2957,bib,See Source,,,bib5440, +2748-bib,2748,bib,See Source,,,bib5443, +3665-bib,3665,bib,See Source,,,bib5445;bib7292, +6993-bib,6993,bib,See Source,,,bib5451, +2425-bib,2425,bib,See Source,,,bib5476, +3451-bib,3451,bib,See Source,,,bib5477, +4231-bib,4231,bib,See Source,,,bib5510, +3019-bib,3019,bib,See Source,,,bib5517, +1468-bib,1468,bib,See Source,,,bib5534, +3893-bib,3893,bib,See Source,,,bib5547;bib6440, +3161-bib,3161,bib,See Source,,,bib5560;bib5561;bib7527, +678-bib,678,bib,See Source,,,bib5565, +675-bib,675,bib,See Source,,,bib5567, +5676-bib,5676,bib,See Source,,,bib5568;bib5570, +9669-bib,9669,bib,See Source,,,bib5573, +10070-bib,10070,bib,See Source,,,bib5574, +2557-bib,2557,bib,See Source,,,bib5588, +4692-bib,4692,bib,See Source,,,bib5592, +1208-bib,1208,bib,See Source,,,bib5602;bib5603;bib7156, +1210-bib,1210,bib,See Source,,,bib5602;bib7156, +4650-bib,4650,bib,See Source,,,bib5609, +1441-bib,1441,bib,See Source,,,bib5618;bib5619;bib7738;bib7739;bib7740;bib7741;bib7742, +1531-bib,1531,bib,See Source,,,bib5621;bib5622, +2575-bib,2575,bib,See Source,,,bib5629, +3133-bib,3133,bib,See Source,,,bib5640;bib7425, +3426-bib,3426,bib,See Source,,,bib5658;bib6972, +1806-bib,1806,bib,See Source,,,bib5659;bib5660;bib5661, +4163-bib,4163,bib,See Source,,,bib5677;bib7495;bib7496, +5588-bib,5588,bib,See Source,,,bib5689;bib7089, +5707-bib,5707,bib,See Source,,,bib5690;bib5692, +4834-bib,4834,bib,See Source,,,bib5691, +3495-bib,3495,bib,See Source,,,bib5705;bib5748, +1430-bib,1430,bib,See Source,,,bib5715, +1508-bib,1508,bib,See Source,,,bib5718, +2596-bib,2596,bib,See Source,,,bib5750;bib6376, +421-bib,421,bib,See Source,,,bib5754;bib5886;bib7335, +580-bib,580,bib,See Source,,,bib5757, +4232-bib,4232,bib,See Source,,,bib5758;bib5761, +6660-bib,6660,bib,See Source,,,bib5788, +8123-bib,8123,bib,See Source,,,bib5790;bib7247, +2178-bib,2178,bib,See Source,,,bib5795, +3272-bib,3272,bib,See Source,,,bib5796;bib7533, +4118-bib,4118,bib,See Source,,,bib5819;bib5820, +1308-bib,1308,bib,See Source,,,bib5836, +7949-bib,7949,bib,See Source,,,bib5845;bib6535;bib6538;bib7108, +629-bib,629,bib,See Source,,,bib5857;bib5863;bib6326;bib6874;bib7891, +4482-bib,4482,bib,See Source,,,bib5865, +4445-bib,4445,bib,See Source,,,bib5866;bib5992, +3175-bib,3175,bib,See Source,,,bib5868, +4964-bib,4964,bib,See Source,,,bib5868;bib5869, +3182-bib,3182,bib,See Source,,,bib5868, +3176-bib,3176,bib,See Source,,,bib5868, +3179-bib,3179,bib,See Source,,,bib5868, +3174-bib,3174,bib,See Source,,,bib5868, +1961-bib,1961,bib,See Source,,,bib5889;bib6635;bib6675;bib6677, +2598-bib,2598,bib,See Source,,,bib5896;bib6398, +1685-bib,1685,bib,See Source,,,bib5928, +1217-bib,1217,bib,See Source,,,bib5936;bib7504, +3069-bib,3069,bib,See Source,,,bib5961, +1965-bib,1965,bib,See Source,,,bib5971, +6273-bib,6273,bib,See Source,,,bib5985;bib7098;bib7099;bib7100;bib7101, +2310-bib,2310,bib,See Source,,,bib5994, +1223-bib,1223,bib,See Source,,,bib5995;bib6018;bib6019, +4862-bib,4862,bib,See Source,,,bib6003;bib6004;bib6737;bib7426, +1741-bib,1741,bib,See Source,,,bib6012, +5631-bib,5631,bib,See Source,,,bib6026, +1378-bib,1378,bib,See Source,,,bib6028, +4029-bib,4029,bib,See Source,,,bib6043, +4058-bib,4058,bib,See Source,,,bib6050;bib6164;bib7518, +6657-bib,6657,bib,See Source,,,bib6068, +560-bib,560,bib,See Source,,,bib6068;bib6543;bib7287, +3965-bib,3965,bib,See Source,,,bib6068;bib7287, +3808-bib,3808,bib,See Source,,,bib6069, +3002-bib,3002,bib,See Source,,,bib6084, +8121-bib,8121,bib,See Source,,,bib6103, +2741-bib,2741,bib,See Source,,,bib6111, +3196-bib,3196,bib,See Source,,,bib6116, +1125-bib,1125,bib,See Source,,,bib6123;bib6772, +1613-bib,1613,bib,See Source,,,bib6153;bib6779;bib8066, +5305-bib,5305,bib,See Source,,,bib6160;bib6161;bib6845, +942-bib,942,bib,See Source,,,bib6166;bib8014, +3566-bib,3566,bib,See Source,,,bib6166;bib7842;bib8014, +2365-bib,2365,bib,See Source,,,bib6167;bib6168, +4203-bib,4203,bib,See Source,,,bib6169, +7362-bib,7362,bib,See Source,,,bib6173, +4953-bib,4953,bib,See Source,,,bib6176, +5513-bib,5513,bib,See Source,,,bib6188, +4653-bib,4653,bib,See Source,,,bib6202;bib6203, +3124-bib,3124,bib,See Source,,,bib6208, +5159-bib,5159,bib,See Source,,,bib6211, +10810-bib,10810,bib,See Source,,,bib6218;bib7298, +1596-bib,1596,bib,See Source,,,bib6231, +2834-bib,2834,bib,See Source,,,bib6232, +2717-bib,2717,bib,See Source,,,bib6241, +9869-bib,9869,bib,See Source,,,bib6256, +660-bib,660,bib,See Source,,,bib6283;bib6284;bib6285;bib7123;bib7891, +2290-bib,2290,bib,See Source,,,bib6292;bib7513, +1889-bib,1889,bib,See Source,,,bib6295, +3446-bib,3446,bib,See Source,,,bib6303, +1918-bib,1918,bib,See Source,,,bib6314, +2111-bib,2111,bib,See Source,,,bib6317;bib7174;bib7410, +3180-bib,3180,bib,See Source,,,bib6325, +5249-bib,5249,bib,See Source,,,bib6336;bib7980;bib7981, +3039-bib,3039,bib,See Source,,,bib6344, +1003-bib,1003,bib,See Source,,,bib6393;bib6394, +9529-bib,9529,bib,See Source,,,bib6401, +2782-bib,2782,bib,See Source,,,bib6406;bib7046, +7769-bib,7769,bib,See Source,,,bib6418, +5014-bib,5014,bib,See Source,,,bib6418, +2802-bib,2802,bib,See Source,,,bib6441, +3786-bib,3786,bib,See Source,,,bib6442, +3216-bib,3216,bib,See Source,,,bib6448, +3212-bib,3212,bib,See Source,,,bib6470, +1187-bib,1187,bib,See Source,,,bib6499, +5128-bib,5128,bib,See Source,,,bib6517, +1126-bib,1126,bib,See Source,,,bib6518;bib7343, +4191-bib,4191,bib,See Source,,,bib6521, +5623-bib,5623,bib,See Source,,,bib6528, +5678-bib,5678,bib,See Source,,,bib6560, +4780-bib,4780,bib,See Source,,,bib6567;bib6568, +7355-bib,7355,bib,See Source,,,bib6578, +1635-bib,1635,bib,See Source,,,bib6609;bib6610;bib6611;bib6612;bib7228, +3593-bib,3593,bib,See Source,,,bib6613, +1220-bib,1220,bib,See Source,,,bib6624, +7489-bib,7489,bib,See Source,,,bib6626, +509-bib,509,bib,See Source,,,bib6634;bib8141;bib8205;bib8206;bib8207, +4709-bib,4709,bib,See Source,,,bib6643, +4278-bib,4278,bib,See Source,,,bib6654, +2063-bib,2063,bib,See Source,,,bib6669, +301-bib,301,bib,See Source,,,bib6697, +6649-bib,6649,bib,See Source,,,bib6698, +862-bib,862,bib,See Source,,,bib6722;bib7233, +4302-bib,4302,bib,See Source,,,bib6732, +1616-bib,1616,bib,See Source,,,bib6768;bib7436, +5685-bib,5685,bib,See Source,,,bib6769, +5664-bib,5664,bib,See Source,,,bib6771;bib6774;bib6778, +1612-bib,1612,bib,See Source,,,bib6775;bib7832, +3832-bib,3832,bib,See Source,,,bib6781, +5257-bib,5257,bib,See Source,,,bib6785, +3397-bib,3397,bib,See Source,,,bib6787, +2970-bib,2970,bib,See Source,,,bib6795;bib6796;bib7894, +10452-bib,10452,bib,See Source,,,bib6819, +10453-bib,10453,bib,See Source,,,bib6819, +10462-bib,10462,bib,See Source,,,bib6819, +10485-bib,10485,bib,See Source,,,bib6819, +5336-bib,5336,bib,See Source,,,bib6835;bib7988, +4908-bib,4908,bib,See Source,,,bib6844, +2583-bib,2583,bib,See Source,,,bib6870;bib6872, +4867-bib,4867,bib,See Source,,,bib6878, +5692-bib,5692,bib,See Source,,,bib6882;bib6883, +9871-bib,9871,bib,See Source,,,bib6900, +2429-bib,2429,bib,See Source,,,bib6909;bib6910;bib7654, +3328-bib,3328,bib,See Source,,,bib6959;bib6960, +5611-bib,5611,bib,See Source,,,bib6974;bib7133;bib7156;bib8337, +1259-bib,1259,bib,See Source,,,bib6976, +1860-bib,1860,bib,See Source,,,bib7011, +1214-bib,1214,bib,See Source,,,bib7013;bib7154, +5326-bib,5326,bib,See Source,,,bib7022, +1747-bib,1747,bib,See Source,,,bib7037, +1955-bib,1955,bib,See Source,,,bib7043;bib7716;bib7717;bib7718, +3496-bib,3496,bib,See Source,,,bib7048, +2562-bib,2562,bib,See Source,,,bib7066, +9489-bib,9489,bib,See Source,,,bib7069;bib7070;bib7071, +4021-bib,4021,bib,See Source,,,bib7072, +2754-bib,2754,bib,See Source,,,bib7102, +5155-bib,5155,bib,See Source,,,bib7103, +3807-bib,3807,bib,See Source,,,bib7109, +6107-bib,6107,bib,See Source,,,bib7109, +5706-bib,5706,bib,See Source,,,bib7113, +1575-bib,1575,bib,See Source,,,bib7119, +5168-bib,5168,bib,See Source,,,bib7127, +21-bib,21,bib,See Source,,,bib7133;bib7156, +1856-bib,1856,bib,See Source,,,bib7140, +1133-bib,1133,bib,See Source,,,bib7153, +8199-bib,8199,bib,See Source,,,bib7156, +5172-bib,5172,bib,See Source,,,bib7156;bib8086, +5626-bib,5626,bib,See Source,,,bib7156;bib8266, +8989-bib,8989,bib,See Source,,,bib7162, +10425-bib,10425,bib,See Source,,,bib7189;bib7594;bib8027;bib8213;bib8220, +3012-bib,3012,bib,See Source,,,bib7233, +8122-bib,8122,bib,See Source,,,bib7241, +5634-bib,5634,bib,See Source,,,bib7257, +1445-bib,1445,bib,See Source,,,bib7265;bib7266, +6350-bib,6350,bib,See Source,,,bib7288, +5646-bib,5646,bib,See Source,,,bib7297, +4246-bib,4246,bib,See Source,,,bib7303, +3785-bib,3785,bib,See Source,,,bib7316;bib7319, +3972-bib,3972,bib,See Source,,,bib7331, +849-bib,849,bib,See Source,,,bib7333, +2279-bib,2279,bib,See Source,,,bib7362;bib7699, +4408-bib,4408,bib,See Source,,,bib7363;bib7364, +2490-bib,2490,bib,See Source,,,bib7374;bib7375;bib7773;bib7774, +5653-bib,5653,bib,See Source,,,bib7377;bib7378, +2592-bib,2592,bib,See Source,,,bib7383, +539-bib,539,bib,See Source,,,bib7404, +2453-bib,2453,bib,See Source,,,bib7447, +1910-bib,1910,bib,See Source,,,bib7448, +3329-bib,3329,bib,See Source,,,bib7448, +1909-bib,1909,bib,See Source,,,bib7448, +1911-bib,1911,bib,See Source,,,bib7448;bib8048, +1913-bib,1913,bib,See Source,,,bib7448, +1908-bib,1908,bib,See Source,,,bib7448, +3177-bib,3177,bib,See Source,,,bib7456, +3255-bib,3255,bib,See Source,,,bib7464, +3325-bib,3325,bib,See Source,,,bib7465;bib7466, +4069-bib,4069,bib,See Source,,,bib7467;bib7468;bib7469, +10109-bib,10109,bib,See Source,,,bib7470;bib7572, +3512-bib,3512,bib,See Source,,,bib7485, +2213-bib,2213,bib,See Source,,,bib7505, +5636-bib,5636,bib,See Source,,,bib7549;bib8264;bib8267, +8429-bib,8429,bib,See Source,,,bib7556, +3162-bib,3162,bib,See Source,,,bib7592;bib7792, +5642-bib,5642,bib,See Source,,,bib7598;bib7599;bib7755, +2953-bib,2953,bib,See Source,,,bib7606, +2113-bib,2113,bib,See Source,,,bib7607, +1602-bib,1602,bib,See Source,,,bib7608, +1570-bib,1570,bib,See Source,,,bib7610, +3836-bib,3836,bib,See Source,,,bib7610, +3879-bib,3879,bib,See Source,,,bib7619, +4194-bib,4194,bib,See Source,,,bib7623, +1517-bib,1517,bib,See Source,,,bib7637, +6513-bib,6513,bib,See Source,,,bib7638;bib7639, +7357-bib,7357,bib,See Source,,,bib7646, +4390-bib,4390,bib,See Source,,,bib7662;bib7663, +2795-bib,2795,bib,See Source,,,bib7667;bib7722, +10725-bib,10725,bib,See Source,,,bib7669;bib7763, +3494-bib,3494,bib,See Source,,,bib7723, +5708-bib,5708,bib,See Source,,,bib7724, +2157-bib,2157,bib,See Source,,,bib7729, +5548-bib,5548,bib,See Source,,,bib7743, +4241-bib,4241,bib,See Source,,,bib7751, +2776-bib,2776,bib,See Source,,,bib7751, +4378-bib,4378,bib,See Source,,,bib7754;bib7756;bib7757;bib7761;bib7845, +4273-bib,4273,bib,See Source,,,bib7771;bib8011, +4877-bib,4877,bib,See Source,,,bib7799, +5080-bib,5080,bib,See Source,,,bib7802, +5467-bib,5467,bib,See Source,,,bib7804, +4104-bib,4104,bib,See Source,,,bib7866, +5145-bib,5145,bib,See Source,,,bib7891, +5687-bib,5687,bib,See Source,,,bib7922, +5725-bib,5725,bib,See Source,,,bib7925, +2710-bib,2710,bib,See Source,,,bib7932, +7181-bib,7181,bib,See Source,,,bib7933, +7182-bib,7182,bib,See Source,,,bib7934, +6997-bib,6997,bib,See Source,,,bib7935, +7187-bib,7187,bib,See Source,,,bib7938, +6994-bib,6994,bib,See Source,,,bib7942, +1733-bib,1733,bib,See Source,,,bib7954, +5194-bib,5194,bib,See Source,,,bib7955;bib8085, +5125-bib,5125,bib,See Source,,,bib7974, +4274-bib,4274,bib,See Source,,,bib7976, +1591-bib,1591,bib,See Source,,,bib7977, +4484-bib,4484,bib,See Source,,,bib7979, +3405-bib,3405,bib,See Source,,,bib7988, +3047-bib,3047,bib,See Source,,,bib8014, +2300-bib,2300,bib,See Source,,,bib8031, +3452-bib,3452,bib,See Source,,,bib8033, +3911-bib,3911,bib,See Source,,,bib8046, +4744-bib,4744,bib,See Source,,,bib8090, +3975-bib,3975,bib,See Source,,,bib8122, +2756-bib,2756,bib,See Source,,,bib8129, +8112-bib,8112,bib,See Source,,,bib8153, +4113-bib,4113,bib,See Source,,,bib8261;bib8265, +5675-bib,5675,bib,See Source,,,bib8263, +1610-bib,1610,bib,See Source,,,bib8266, +1626-bib,1626,bib,See Source,,,bib8267, +2316-bib,2316,bib,See Source,,,bib8294, +562-bib,562,bib,See Source,,,bib8297, +4616-bib,4616,bib,See Source,,,bib8301, +550-bib,550,bib,See Source,,,bib8312, diff --git a/cldfbench_elcat.py b/cldfbench_elcat.py index 8efa467..325c77c 100644 --- a/cldfbench_elcat.py +++ b/cldfbench_elcat.py @@ -4,15 +4,17 @@ import subprocess import collections import urllib.parse +import urllib.request import requests from cldfbench import Dataset as BaseDataset from cldfbench import CLDFSpec from clldutils.misc import nfilter +from csvw.metadata import URITemplate from util import ( iter_langs, SCORED_PARAMETERS, split, bibliography, get_doc, COMPOSITE_PARAMETERS, - norm_text, norm_coords, Bib + norm_text, norm_coords, Bib, norm_country, ) @@ -30,17 +32,16 @@ def get(self, url): p = self.raw_dir / 'html' / parsed.path[1:].replace('/', '_') if not p.exists(): p.write_text(requests.get(url).text, encoding='utf8') + print(p) return get_doc(p) def cmd_download(self, args): - langs = self.get("/lang/region") - for a in langs.findall('.//a'): - if 'href' in a.attrib and a.attrib['href'].startswith('/lang/country'): - country = self.get(a.attrib['href']) - for aa in country.findall('.//a'): - if 'href' in aa.attrib and re.fullmatch('/lang/[0-9]+', aa.attrib['href']): - self.get(aa.attrib['href']) - self.get(aa.attrib['href'] + '/bibliography') + urllib.request.urlretrieve( + "https://endangeredlanguages.com/userquery/download/", + self.raw_dir / 'languages.csv') + for row in self.raw_dir.read_csv('languages.csv'): + self.get('/lang/{}'.format(row[0])) + self.get('/lang/{}/bibliography'.format(row[0])) def cmd_makecldf(self, args): self.schema(args) @@ -98,6 +99,12 @@ def cmd_makecldf(self, args): id2gc = { r['ID']: r['Glottocode'] for r in self.etc_dir.read_csv('languages.csv', dicts=True)} + cols = {9: 'Comment', 10: 'Countries', 11: 'ELCatMacroareas'} + lmeta = {} + for row in self.raw_dir.read_csv('languages.csv'): + lmeta[row[0]] = {n: split(row[i]) if i in {11, 10} else row[i] for i, n in cols.items()} + lmeta[row[0]]['Countries'] = [norm_country(c) for c in lmeta[row[0]]['Countries']] + sources = [] for obj in iter_langs(self.raw_dir / 'html'): if obj is None: @@ -143,6 +150,7 @@ def cmd_makecldf(self, args): code_authorities=lang.metadata.code_authority, codes=lang.metadata.language_code, alt_names=nfilter(lang.metadata.also_known_as), + **lmeta[lang.id], )) # Add values: @@ -262,6 +270,20 @@ def cmd_makecldf(self, args): def schema(self, args): args.writer.cldf.add_component( 'LanguageTable', + { + 'name': 'Comment', + 'propertyUrl': 'http://cldf.clld.org/v1.0/terms.rdf#comment', + }, + { + 'name': 'Countries', + 'separator': ' ', + 'dc:description': + 'Countries a language is spoken in given by ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code', + }, + { + 'name': 'ELCatMacroareas', + 'separator': '; ', + }, { 'name': 'classification', 'dc:description': 'Top-level genealogical unit the language belongs to.', @@ -289,6 +311,8 @@ def schema(self, args): 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